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BK  TAKKN    FROM   THE  LiBRARY    AT   ANT  TIME.—  [Extract  from 

the  Rules.] 

.^f"The  foregoing  Regulations  will  be  strictly  enforced.'®ft 


VOL.    LX.-  Number    1. 

DEWEY  &   CO.,    PUBLISHERB. 


FRANCISCO,    SATURD-AY,  JANUARY 


loUars  per  Annum. 
Stogie  Copies,  10  Cta. 


The  Regan  Vapor  Engine. 

Ad  eTer-inoreasing  demand  by  the  meobani- 
oal  world  for  oonoeotratioa  and  economy  in 
motive-power  baa  directed  the  attention  of 
many  inventors  to  the  importance  of  the  sub- 
ject, with  varying  resnltB.  The  most  snooess- 
fnl  to  which  the  attention  of  the  Pkess  baa 
been  called  is  that  of  the  Rejct^n  vapor  engine, 
invented  and  patented  by  Mr.  Diniel  S,  Ragan, 
a  welUknown  mechanical  engineer  of  thia  city. 

As  shown  in  the  engraving,  this  is  a  simple 
compact  upright  engine,  and  is  operated  by 
means  of  vapor  drawn  into  the  cylinder  by  the 
snotion  of  the  piston  and  there  exploded  by  an 
electric  sparlc.  A  galvanized  iron  tank  (the 
carbnretor)  contains  a  small  quantity  of  gas* 
oline ;  this  is  conected  with  the  engine 
through  any  reasonable  distance  by  means 
of  a  pipe.  At  eaoh  revolntion  of  tho  fly- 
wheel a  onrrent  of  air  is  drawn  through  the 
carburetor  and  into  the  cylinder.  In  passing 
through  the  carburetor  it  vaporizes  a  quantity 
of  gasoline,  which  anited  with  more  air  drawn 
through  the  pipe  and  an  air  valve,  forms  the 
explosive  charge,  tbc  o:  pti.a:0L  -!  which  upon 
combustion  developes  the  power. 

The  electri'3  spark  which   produces  the  com- 


feet  safety  by  any  intelligent  man  or  boy.  The 
engine  is  olean  and  comparatively  noiseless  and 
no  license  Is  required.  Full  power  Is  developed 
at  once,  and  when  it  ceases  to  run  all  expense 
stops.  The  cost  of  running  is  about  one  cent  per 
horse>power  per  hour,  where  gasoline  is  used. 
Where  ordinary  illuminating  gas  is  available, 


band  saws,  oo£Fee-mill8  and  roasters,  polishing 
machines,  fanning  machines  In  restaurants, 
sewing  machines,  ventilating  apparatus,  emery 
wheels,  mining  and  milling  machinery.  Partic- 
ular attention,  also,  is  being  given  to  launches 
and  small  boats  of  all  kinds,  either  for  business 
or  pleasure,  engines  specially  adapted  to  these 


LAUNCH  OPERATED  BY  BEGAN  VAPOR  ENGINE. 


the  connecting  pipe   can   be   attached  to   the 
meter,  producing  equally  ae  good  results. 

Its  ccmpactnesB,  lightness  and  cheapness  es- 
pecially commend  it  for  such  purposes  as  elec- 
tric lighting,  pumping,  running  elevators,  har- 


nses  being  built  to  order  on  short  notice,  and  of 
any  required  horse-power.  Its  advantages  in 
this  oonneotioD  are  many, 

A  corporation  with  ample   capital  has  been 
organized  for  the  purpose  of  manufacturing  the 


THE  REGAN  VAPOR  ENGINE. 

nesB  circles:  Franois  Catting,  president;  W. 
E.  Miller,  vice-president ;  Sanford  Bennett, 
treasurer ;  Henry  P.  Dimond,  secretary  and 
manager ;  Daniel  S.  Regan,  superintendent. 
The  company  occupies  a  commodious   building 


EXTERIOR    OF    A    TYPICAL    NICARAGUA    HOUSB-See  page  8 


bustion  is  controlled  by  a  very  simple  mechani- 
cal device,  automatic  and  never-failing  in  its 
aotion,  Jmple  In  construction  is  the  Regan 

vapor  engine  that  it  can  be  operated   with  per- 


vesting  and  threshing  maohines,  printing 
presses,  boot  and  shoe  machinery  and  hoisting 
machines.  In  fact,  it  can  be  used  anywhere 
that  power  is  needed,  as  for  circular,   jig   and 

C 


vapor  engine,  hulls  for  launches,  irrigating 
pumps,  etc.,  known  as  the  Regan  Vapor  Eagine 
Oo,  It  Is  composed  of  the  following  named 
gentlemen,  well  and  favorably  known  in   busi- 


of  three  floors,  40  by  SO  feet  each,  located  at 
221  and  223  First  street  in  thia  city.  They 
are  well  equipped  with  the  best  machinery, 
and  employ  a  large  foroe  of  skilled  workmen. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Jan.  I,  18J0 


COF^F(ESPOfJDE]^CE, 


We  admit,  uoindoraed,  opiaiooa  of  correspondents.— fiDS. 


Mines  of  a  Rainless   Land-No.  2.. 

Iqulque  .and  the    Silver  Mines    and   Salt- 
peter Deposits. 

[Written  for  the  Press  hy  "Don  Juan."J 

In  my  last  letter  (page  448  of  Dec.  14tb)  I 
gave  you  a  deBcription  of  the  port  of  Iquique. 
Id  this  one  I  will  take  you  through  Bome  of  the 
famouB  silver  minea  of  *'  Huataiia,"  situated  on 
the  high  mesa,  some  3000  feet  above  the  city  of 
Iquique  and  about  nine  miles  in  an  easterly 
direction  from  that  place.  It  was  on  a  warm 
October  mornine'  that  I  started  as  a  guest  of 
the  American  Vice-Uonsul,  Mr.  Rosenstock, 
with  him  and  his  engineer,  Mr.  Phillipp,  for 
my  first  visit  and  inspection  of  those  mines. 
We  started  (on  horaebaok,  of  course)  about  4 
o'clock  in  the  morniug,  bo  as  to  escape  the 
greatest  heat  of  the  scorching  sun,  which  in 
this  shadeleas  and  windless  country  comes 
comes  down  mercilessly  upon  the  traveler.  The 
low  beach  upon  which  Iqu'que  stands  is  about 
two  miles  wide,  at  the  termination  of  which  the 
greatest  hardship  of  your  short  journey  com- 
mences. Now  yon  are  obliged  to  ascend  the 
"  crest  "  of  the  mesa,  and  in  the  short  distance 
of  less  than  two  miles  you  are  carried  something 
like  2000  feet  nearer  heaven,  over  a  very  rough 
and  narrow  trail,  when  you  finally  stand  upon 
the  seemingly  level  and  endless  mesa.  From 
this  point  of  observation  a  grand  and  magnifi- 
cent panorama  spreads  itself  around  you. 
Looking  east,  your  eyes  sweep  over  the  great 
mesa  and  foothills  of  the  *' Cordilleras  de  los 
Andes;"  but  the  eyes  do  not  rest  here,  for  yon 
also  behold  the  Andes  themselves  in  all  their 
grandeur,  and  especially  at  this  time  of  the 
morning  ia  the  scene  a  grand  one,  for  just  now 
the  sun  creeps  over  the  mountain,  its  golden 
rays  thrown  against  this  always  blue  sky.  The 
blue  waters  of  the  Pacific,  just  at  our  feet, 
make  a  thoroughly  grand  picture  not  soon  to 
be  forgotten. 

From  our  temporary  observatory,  with  the 
aid  of  our  glass,  we  see  the  great  mountain 
and  volcano  Sahama,  rising  to  an  altitude  of 
22,000  feet  above  sea  level,  and  even  Sorato, 
21,286  feet,  and  lUimani,  21,224  feet,  are  vis- 
ible. Giving  still  greater  scope  to  our  imagin- 
ation, we  turn  our  eyes  further  to  the  north 
and  see  old  Misti  from  an  elevation  of  20,000 
feet  looking  down  upon  us.  And  now  we 
throw  one  look  back  upon  the  city  at  our  feet 
and  behold  Iquique  still  lying  in  darkness  below, 
for  the  sun  is  not  high  and  near  enough  to  let 
its  rays  be  felt  here,  but  far,  far  out  to  sea, 
many  miles,  we  see  the  waters  of  old  ocean  al- 
ready sparkling  in  sunshine.  Surely  a  strange 
panorama — darkness  here  and  sunshine  there. 
Bat  I  think  we  have  dreamed  and  admired  long 
enough.  Our  horses,  too,  seem  to  have  en- 
joyed the  soenery  and  rest  and  are  ready  to 
start  again. 

We  now  make  a  straight  line  for  our  object- 
ive point,  La  Mina,  St.  Augustine,  about  one 
mile  this  side  of  the  village  of  Haatajia.  This 
large  property  was  formerly  owned  by  the 
American  vice-consul,  Mr.  Rosenstock,  who, 
two  years  ago,  organized  the  St,  Augustine 
Mining  Oo,  with  12  000  shares  at  ^I  each, 
which  were  selling  at  the  time  of  my  visit, 
Oct.  7,  1887.  at  $3  60  each.  The  shaft  of  this 
mine  is  down  about  300  feet.  The  first  150 
feet  the  country  rock  passed  through  is  a  very 
hard  porphyry,  which  is  the  cap  rock  of  the 
whole  surrounding  country.  Usually  the  lodes 
are  vary  poor  in  this  formation,  the  thickness 
of  which  varies  from  10  to  300  feet.  Below 
this  is  found  the  limestone  in  which  we  find  in 
this  locality  our  richest  metal. 

From  this  300-foot  (the  main  shaft  of  the  Sb. 
Augustine)  extend  levels  in  both  directions 
from  50  to  600  feet  in  length,  and  considerable 
stoping  has  been  done.  The  lode  is  about  eight 
feet  wide,  runs  nearly  east  and  west,  and  has 
an  inclination  of  about  41  degrees.  T'he  value 
of  the  ore  runs  from  §20  per  ton  to  pure  silver 
{plata  blancha)  of  which  sometimes  large  blocks 
have  to  be  cnt  up  with  chisels.  The  ore  is 
hoisted  by  (Malacator)  horse  whim  and  sent  by 
cart  to  the  Iquique  mills,  where  it  is  reduced. 
The  cartage  on  tbe  ore  for  this  short  distance 
of  eight  or  nine  miles  is  40  cents  per  cental. 
The  St.  Augustine  employs  from  80  to  120 
peons  (miners),  who  are  watched  over  by  a  corps 
of  some  25  Europeans,  chiefiy  Eaglish  and  Ger- 
man. 

Other  prominent  mines  in  this  camp  are  the 
San  Pedro  and  San  Pablo,  the  Decubridora, 
the  Margarita  and  many  othera;  what  has  been 
said  of  the  St.  Augustine  holds  good  for  all  of 
them  with  the  exception  of  the  San  Pedro  and 
Sm  Pablo,  which  is  the  richest  in  camp.  It 
is  owned  by  Mr,  Chase,  also  an  American,  who 
oame  to  this  coast  some  seven  years  ago — a 
poor  sailor  and  is  now  worth  about  $20,000,000, 
all  of  which  he  baa  made  out  of  the  above  mine, 
of  which  he  is  the  sole  owner.  I  saw,  myself, 
at  this  mine  a  block  of  native  silver  weighing  a 
little  over  eight  centals.  Just  think  of  it,  a 
piece  of  solid  silver  just  as  it  was  taken  out  of 
the  mine,  over  SOO  pounds  1  Bat  these  rich 
nuggets  of  silver  are  common  occurrences  in  all 
the  great  mines  of  the  district. 

About  one  mile  below  these  mines  is  located 
the  town  of  Huatajia.  It  ia  very  old;  the 
ohuroh  is  said  to  be  200  years  old  and  I  do  not 
doubt  it,  for  you  can  put  your  finger  anywhere 


through  the  rotten  boards.  The  tower  leans 
off  to  the  south  at  an  angle  of  about  30  degrees. 
It  is  as  famous  a  piece  of  architecture  in  this 
part  as  the  great  leaning  tower  of  Fiaa.  The 
mystery  is  that  it  has  withstood  so'many  storms 
and  the  earthquakes  which  are  so  common  in 
these  regions.  Haatajia  has  about  1000  in 
habitants,  nearly  all  of  whom  follow  mining 
for  an  occupation.  From  Huatajia  it  is  about 
seven  miles  south  to  Santa  Rosa,  which,  next  to 
Huatajia,  is  the  most  productive  mining-camp 
of  Tarapaca.  Of  this  I  will  tell  you  in  my 
next. 

Mines  on  Railroad  Lands. 

Editors  Press: — Never  since  the  beginning 
of  time  was  there  a  greater  fraud  perpetrated, 
or  attempted,  than  the  getting  of  these  mineral 
lands  by  the  C.  P.  R.  R.  Co.  These  lauds  which 
we  have  mined  for  40  years,  and  from  which  have 
been  taken  out  untold  millions  of  gold,  are  now 
claimed  by  this  R.  R,  Co.  as  "agricultural 
The  fact  is,  there  is  little  or  no  agricultural 
lands  this  high  in  the  mountains,  and  for  some 
miles  below  this.  I  will  admit  that  there  are 
some  lands  here  that  might  be  made  agricult' 
ural  by  the  application  of  manure  and  water  in 
.sufficient  quantities — and  the  same  might  be 
aaid  of  the  Great  Sahara  Desert.  I  know  of 
small  tracts  of  land  in  this  vicinity  that  were 
cultivated  in  early  times,  that  have  now  been 
abandoned  for  more  than  thirty  years,  and 
have  grown  up  with  young  pines  as  large  as  a 
man's  body;  and  this,  too,  where  the  parties  so 
cultivating  bad  an  abundance  of  free  water  for 
irrigating  purposes.  Only  think  of  it — in  this 
township,  13  north.  Rings  11  east,  M.  D.  B  , 
leas  than  a  quarter-aeotion  is  in  cultivation  all 
told,  and  more  than  half  of  this  is  for  horti- 
cultural instead  of  agricultural  purposes — lens 
than  160  acrea  out  of  23,040 — rather  a  bad 
showing  this,  for  the  agriculturist;  and  yet 
these  lands  have  been  as  free  and  open  to  the 
agriculturist  as  to  the  miner,  for  forty  years. 

It  is  a  well-known  fact  to  most  miners  that 
in  this  mineral  belt  of  Oalifornia,  which  ia  30  or 
40  miles  in  width,  there  ia  a  small  belt,  say  six 
or  eight  miles  in  width,  which  is  much  richer 
than  on  either  side  of  it,  and  it  is  right  here  in 
this  rich  belt  that  the  R  R.  Co.  has  lately 
made  application  for  30,000  acres  of  agricult' 
ural  land.  These  lands,  when  surveyed,  were 
returned  as  mineral,  and,  as  I  eaid  before,  we 
have  been  mining  them  for  40  years;  and  now, 
if  they  are  not  mineral,  I  will  unhesitatingly 
aay  there  is  none  such  in  California. 

It  is  high  time  Congress  took  hold  of  this 
matter  and  legislated  upon  the  subject,  and  not 
only    prevent    this   R.  R.  Co.  from  getting  any 

more  of  these  lands,  but  compel  them  to  give 
up  those  already  fraudulently  obtained. 

If  our  statesmen  at  Washington  have  any 
doubts  as  to  the  mineral  character  of  this  part 
of  California,  let  them  appoint  and  send  out 
a  commission  to  investigate  the  question. 
Have  them  asoertain  if  it  is  the  even-num- 
bered sections  that  are  mineral,  and  from 
which  the  gold  (if  any)  has  been  taken;  and  if 
the  odd-numbered  ones  are  agricultural,  as  the 
R,  R.  Co.  claim  they  are. 

If  this  should  prove  to  be  the  case  it  will 
certainly  be  a  phenomenon  worthy  the  atten- 
tion of  all  scientists. 

We  miners  are  now  more  hopeful  that  justice 
will  be  done  us  than  we  have  been  for  a  good 
many  years  past.  * 

We  think  now  that  we  have  a  Secretary  of 
the  Interior  who  is  Noble  in  more  than  one 
sense.     May  he  last.  J  W   Eumondson, 

Volcanoville.  El  Dorado  Oo  ,  Cul 


Oregon  Quartz  and  Placer  Mines. 

Editors  PRtss  : — Your  correspondent  met 
Mr.  Gordon,  well  known  in  Healdsburg,  Cal., 
who  reports  some  valuable  discoveries  on  the 
head-waters  of  the  Sixes  and  its  tributaries  in 
the  northern  part  of  Curry  county,  Oregon. 
Mr.  Gordon  shows  rich  specimens  of  gold-bear- 
ing quartz  from  Sucker  and  Johnson's  cretka  in 
Oooa  county,  where  he  and  his  partner,  Mr. 
Hayes,  have  staked  out  claims  that  they  in- 
tend to  work  as  soon  as  the  weather  permits. 
Mr,  Gordon  also  showed  me  a  specimen  of 
native  copper,  samples  of  which  have  been 
assayed  two  or  three  times,  proving  to  be  95 
per  cent  copper.  * 

The  Ddvilbias  brothers,  the  discoverers  of 
quartz  mines  on  Johnson's  creek,  are  working 
their  mine  and  are  very  much  encouraged  at 
their  prospects,  getting  free  gold  and  rich 
quartz.  Tiiere  are  a  number  of  good  placer 
minea  being  worked  lower  down  on  Johnson's 
creek,  and  on  Sucker  creek  also.  Mr.  More  is 
working  a  hydraulic  mine  on  Salmon  creek,  also 
a  tributary  of  the  South  fork  of  the  Coquille 
river  in  Coos  county. 

Others,  who  have  prospected  on  the  south 
aide  of  Johnson's  mountain,  report  good  pros- 
pects and  have  found  gold  in  paying  quantities. 
There  has  also  been  considerable  placer  mining 
along  the  west  fork  of  Cow  creek,  in  Douglas 
county.  Prospectors  who  have  been  through 
that  section  declare  that  valuable  mines  are 
quite  likely  to  be  developed  along  that 
creek. 

Another  Cilifomian,  who  has  traveled  the 
past  two  summers  over  Douglas  and  Cuos 
counties,  claims  to  have  discovered  a  coal  mine 
and  a_  petroleum  spring  in  Camas  valley,  near  i 
the  divide  between  Cooa  and  Douglas  counties.  I 


Mr.  Gorsline,  of  Roseburg,  has  opened  a  coal 
mine,  located  fourteen  miles  west  of  this  place, 
that  yields  a  good  quality  of  coal  for  fuel,  and 
the  vein  is  four  feec  or  more  in  thickness.  Not 
far  from  this  mine  is  a  spring  haVing  indi' 
cations  of  petroleum. 

The  Roseburg  papers  publiah  the  news  of  a 
preliminary  survey  that  has  been  made  to  see 
if  water  can  be  brought  from  the  Eist  Umpqua 
into  the  Myrtle  creek  placer  mines.  The  sur- 
vey proves  the  scheme  to  be  a  feasible  one. 
The  proposed  ditch  will  be  about  twenty  miles 
long,  or  by  making  two  tunnels  the  distance 
can  be  shortened  four  or  five  miles.  The 
canal  or  ditch  will  be  eight  feet  wide  on  top, 
five  on  the  bottom  and  carry  two  and  a  half 
feet  of  water. 

These  placer  mines  were  formerly  worked 
and  were  remunerative  when  plenty  of  water 
could  be  obtained,  but  should  the  mining  fail 
the  water  can  be  used  for  power  and  for  trans- 
porting lumber  made  from  the  timber  growing 
near,  to  Myrtle  creek,  a  station  on  the 
0,  &  C.  R.  R. 

I  was  shown  several  rich  specimens  of  gold 
quartz  found  near  the  head  of  the  Eist  Ump- 
qua by  an  old  miner,  who  also  showed  a  rich 
specimen  of  native  copper  found  in  the  same 
section. 

I  hear  that  the  quicksilver  mines  above 
Oikland  have  been  abut  down,  owing  to  the  low 
price  of  that  metal. 

Oroppings  of  chrome  ore  and  other  metals 
suitable  for  paint  have  been  found  in  several 
places. 

It  is  claimed  by  those  who  have  traveled 
over  the  different  ranges  that  the  mineral  belt 
fixtends  for  two  hucdred  miles  along  Rogue 
River  range,  continuing  northward  in  the  C)aS' 
cades. 

There  is  no  doubt  that  enterprise  and  capital 
will  reap  rich  rewards  if  they  will  develop 
and  thoroughly  work  the  mineral  resources  of 
the  county,  proving  that  these  ranges  and  their 
spurs  were  not  made  in  vain  or  merely  as  oh 
structions  to  travel  and  settlement  of  the 
county.  E,  E.  Deming 


Assessment    of    Mining   Corporations, 

Editohs  Press:— As  we  are  a  little  dull  on 
some  subjects,  that  is,  cannot  see  them  in  the 
light  they  are  carried  out  here,  I  would  like  to 
hear  from  some  more  intelligent  minds  on  one 
subject,  that  in  the  end  I  may  receive  more 
light. 

This  subject  ia,  the  assessment  by  our  county 
assessor  of  mining  corporations,  at  the  value  of 
their  improvements,  and  leaving  the  stock  of 
the  corporation  unasseased.  This  appears  to 
be  right  only  in  some  cases,  as  I  see  it.  as 
where  they  are  not  dividend-payers.  Bat  take 
the  big  mines  that  have  net  dividends  in  the 
year  to  the  full  amount  of  their  asseesment — is 
Dot  the  btock  of  such  corporation  assessable  ? 
Has  it  not  the  value  of  a  note  bearing  the  same 
amount  in  interest?  H:ia  it  really  no  value 
apart  from  the  property?  We  will  take  for 
example  a  mine  here  that  pays  S5  per  share 
per  month,  making  $60  per  share  net,  equal  to 
S600  at  10  per  cent,  or,  in  other  words,  the 
mine  referred  to  pays  dividends  to  equal  ten 
per  cent  on  SI, S60, 000,  and  is  assessed  in  the 
sum  of  about  $240,000.  Is  that  property  as- 
sessed in  proportion  to  its  cash  value? 

A  Hayseed  Subscriber, 

Grass  Valley^  Nevada  Co. 

[&.  former  assessor  of  this  city  Informs  us 
that  he  aaaeased  the  iaoorporated  companies  as 
follows:  He  aasessed  all  the  improvements 
and  then  took  the  aggregate  value  of  the  stock 
at  its  market  value  for  one  or  more  shares  on 
assessment  day,  and  from  this  he  deducted  the 
improvements,  etc,  already  assessed,  and  the 
remainder  he  assessed  as  the  value  of  the  fran- 
chise. This  manner  of  asseestng  was  declared 
valid,  so  that  the  Spring  Valley  Water  Com- 
pany, mining  and  other  incorporated  companies 
paid  in  full  the  taxes  due  from  such  assess- 
ment. This,  it  appears,  is  the  only  way  in 
which  an  incorporated  stock  company  can  be 
legally  and  successfully  assessed  to  its  full 
value.— Eds.  Press  ] 


Glazed  Bricks  are  now  largely  used  for 
both  interior  and  exterior  decorations.  They 
are  manufactured  in  Philadelphia  and  else- 
where in  the  United  States.  For  this  purpose, 
an  ordinary  light-colored  or  red  brick  is  used, 
and  a  suitable  enamel  ia  produced  on  the  sur- 
faces to  be  exported.  Some  colors  are  very 
easily  obtained.  A  simple  lead  glaze  on  a 
cheap  buff  brick  makes  a  good  yellow.  A 
manganese  and  iron  glaze  is  used  for  black. 
White  and  blue  are  the  most  diflBcult  to  pro* 
duce,  since  the  red  color  of  the  brick  must  first 
be  hidden  by  an  opaque  layer  of  white  before 
the  finishing  glaze  is  applied.  Green  must  be 
made  in  the  same  way. 

A  Novel  Engine. — A  decidedly  novel  and 
simple  engine  is  manufactured  at  Kulamazoo, 
Mich.  It  dispenses  with  piston-rod,  crosshead 
and  ways,  and  is  claimed  to  reduce  friction  to 
the  lowest  possible  point.  It  has  an  oscillating 
piston  sustained  in  a  journaled  bearing,  and 
turna  about  one-fourth  of  atrevolution  to  each 
stroke  of  the  engine,  the  only  friction  outside 
of  the  shaft  to  which  the  rock  oranka  are  at- 
tached being  a  alight  pressure  on  the  packing 
strips  to  keep  it  steam -tight. 


Calaveras  Connty  Notes. 

situation. 

The  northwest  corner  of  the  county  is  36 
miles  southeast  of  Sacramento  city,  while  the 
southwest  corner  is  within  four  miles  of  being 
on  a  direct  line  east  and  west  with  San  Fran- 
cisco, The  Mokelumne  river  on  the  north  di- 
vides the  county  from  Amador,  while  the  Stan- 
islaus river  separates  the  county  from  Tuol- 
umne on  the  south.  The  extreme  northeast 
corner  joins  Alpine.  On  the  west,  San  Joa- 
quin and  Stanislaus  counties  join  Calaveras, 
making  Calaveras  almost  a  triangle  54  miles  in 
length  northeast  to  southwest,  and  32  miles 
across  its  western  border.  The  county  con- 
tains 622,000  acres. 

Altitude. 

The  lower  plains,  from  Copperopolis  across  to 
Milton,  Jenny  Lind,  Valley  Springs,  Comanche, 
Barson  and  Wallace,  average  about  400  feet 
above  sea  level.  Carson,  Angels,  Valleoito, 
Douglass,  San  Andreas,  Altaville  and  El  Dor- 
ado, 1500  feet.  Murphys,  Mokelumne  Hill, 
Sheep  Rmch,  Cave  City  and  Railroad  Flat  are 
2000  feet,  while  West  Point,  In  the  extreme 
northeaat  corner,  is  2700  feet. 

Water  Supply. 
The  melting  snow  from  the  lofty  Sierra  Ne- 
vada mountains  in  the  eastern  part  of  the 
county,  pours  down  a  continuous  stream  of 
sparkling  water,  filling  the  Mokelumne  river 
on  the  northern  boundary  and  the  Stanislaus 
on  the  south,  thus  holding  the  county  in  a  water 
embrace,  while  the  Calaveras,  San  Antone, 
Indian  Creek,  Jesus  Maria,  the  forks  of  the 
Mokelumne  river  and  innumerable  smaller 
streams  fill  every  gulch  with  their  limpid 
streams.  Throughout  the  entire  foothill  region 
are  many  springs  pouring  out  from  five  to  200 
inches  of  water  from  nature's  hidden  reservoirs. 
Added  to  these  sources  of  supply,  free  from 
nature's  hoard,  are  the  numerous  systems  of 
canals,  the  result  of  the  county's  mineral  wealth. 
The  early  miner  found  the  rich  placers  of  the 
county  extending  far  up  the  gulches  on  the 
mountain-sides,  and  when  he  had  reached  the 
summit  the'mountain  proved  bnt  an  old  river- 
bed, filled  with  rich  gravel,  elevated  by  some 
throe  of  Nature  in  her  volcanic  age.  To  reach 
theae  deposits  with  water  and  to  give  that  water 
the  desired  fall  for  preaaure,  ditches  were  con- 
structed, which  took  out  the  water  from  the 
mountain  streams  at  higher  altitudes  and  con- 
veyed the  water  thence  along  the  summits  of 
the  mountains  to  the  mining-fields.  Where 
the  streama  failed  in  furnishing  a  steady 
supply,  great  reservoirs  were  constructed. 
These  ditches  are  today  the  factor  which, 
in  the  summer  months,  causes  the  hill 
and  valley  to  bloeaom  as  a  roRe  in  the 
handa  of  the  horticulturist,  while  the  mining 
interest  shows  a  greater  degree  of  activity  and 
prosperity  than  at  any  time  since  the  days  of 
old,  the  days  of  gold,  the  days  of  '49.  On  the 
southeast  the  Union  Water  Co.'s  90  miles  of 
ditches  take  10,000  inches  of  water  from  the 
north  fork  of  the  Stanislaus.  In  addition, 
their  rtservoira  hold  in  atore  an  amount  of 
water  sufficient  to  supply  500  inches  a  day  for 
12  months.  From  these  aourcea  of  supply  their 
ditches  lead  to  and  coverall  that  portion  of  the 
county  from  Esmeralda  on  Indian  Oreek,  on 
the  north,  to  Robinson's  ferry  on  the  Stanis- 
laus, on  the  south,  and  Mnrphys,  Douglass, 
Valleclto,  Altaville,  Angela,  Albany  Flat  and 
Carson  in  the  center.  When  needed,  this  sys- 
tem can  be  extended  to  Copperopolis,  thus  cov- 
ering the  entire  southern  border.  Joining  the 
Union  on  the  north  is  the  Table  mountain  ditch, 
taking  its  500  inches  of  water  from  the  San 
Antone  and  conveying  it  to  Sheep  Ranch;  also 
the  Ides  ditch,  covering  25  miles  of  country  as 
it  flows  to  El  Dorado,  Cave  City,  Old  Gulch, 
San  Andreas  and  vicinity.  The  south  and 
middle  forks  of  the  Mokelumne  oover  the 
country  between  Railroad  Flat  and  West 
Point,  the  middle  fork  carrying  an  average  of 
1000  inches.  The  Blue  lakes,  with  a  capacity 
of  10,000,000,000  gallons,  empty  into  the  south 
fork  of  the  Mokelumne  river,  while  the  north 
fork  has  a  natural  reservoir  that  can  be  made 
to  hold  8,000,000,000  gallons  of  water,  more 
than  sufficient  for  the  wants  of  San  Francisco. 
This  system  was  at  one  time  surveyed  for  that 
purpose. 

The  Clark  ditch  controls  this  unequaled  sys- 
tem of  water-supply,  taking  ita  water  from  the 
south  fork  of  the  Mokelumne,  near  the  Cala- 
veras big  trees.  It  extends  thence  west  over  a 
belt  of  country  22  miles  in  width,  covering 
Railroad  Flat,Glencoe  and  Rich  Gulch,  a  stretch 
of  country  32  miles  long.  When  needed,  this 
system  can  be  extended  to  cover  all  the  county 
from  Valley  Springs  and  Jenny  Lind  to  Mokel- 
umne Hill  with  a  supply  of  100,000,000  gallons 
a  day,  or,  as  one  time  intended,  all  Oakland, 
Alameda  and  San  Francisco.  Here  is  water 
without  limit,  only  waiting  for  capital  to  carry 
its  crystal  stream  to  the  water-taxed  citizens  of 
San  Francisco.  Joining  this  system  on  the  ex- 
treme north  is  the  West  Point  ditch,  taking  ita 
400  inches  of  water  from  the  middle  fork  of 
the  Mokelumne  river  at  a  point  six  miles  east 
of  West  Point  and  conveying  it  thence  to  West 
Point  and  vicinity.  Following  the  Ciark 
ditch  into  the  valleys  is  the  Mokelumne 
&  Campo  Seco  Canal  and  Water  Com- 
pany's ditches.  One  ditch  takes  lOOO 
inches  of  water  from  the  south  fork  of  the 
Mokeludone  river,  2^  miles  nertheast  of  Glencoe; 
the  next,  300  inches,  seven  miles  southeast  of 
West  Point;  the  third,  250  inches,  three  miles 


Jan.  4,  18S0.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


■oath  o(  R»ilro»d  Flat.  Their  reservoir  near 
Riilroad  Flat  auppliea  in  addition  200  inchea  of 
water  for  three  months.  This  extensive  system 
of  ditches  oovers  and  will  supply  Mokelamne 
Hill,  Campo  Seco,  Valley  Springs,  Barson, 
Wallace  and  Comanche.  Following  this  is  the 
I^ncha  Plana  and  Poverty  Bir  ditch,  U king  its 
water  from  the  main  Mokelamne  river  at  Italian 
Bar,  covering  Campo  Seco,  Comanche  and 
Wallaoe.  From  this  point  water  will  be 
piped  to  Clement's,  Lockeford,  Lodi  and 
.Stockton  in  the  sdjoioing  coonty  of  Sao 
Joaqain.  At  low-water  tide  this  ditch  haa 
1200  inches  of  water  without  reservoirs. 
Six  reservoirs  are  being  constructed,  and  when 
completed  will  give  the  ditch  5000 
inches  of  water. 

Near  Uilton  is  the  extensive  reser- 
voir of  the  Sp  iog  Valley  Water  Co., 
oovering  Milcon  and  all  the  land  be- 
low  that  point.  The  location,  course 
and  extent  of  these  ereat  water  sys- 
tems frove  thit  Calaveras  is  an- 
rqualed  in  her  natural  and  supplied 
means  of  water-supply  for  all  pur- 
DOses,  not  only  furnishirg  water  to 
irrigate  every  foot  of  good  land  in  hnr 
own  limits,  but  having  a  surplas  suffi- 
cient for  all  the  plains  and  cities  to 
San  Francisco.  In  her  mountains, 
reservoirs  can  be  constructed  of  suffi- 
cient capacity  to  store  more  water 
than  can  possibly  be  need  for  years  to 
come.  Aa  wa'er  is  recognized  an  the 
gre&t  essential  in  fruit  culture,  Cala- 
veras may  justly  claim  to  have  laid 
her  foundation  as  a  fruit  county, 
broad  and  deep,  only  awaiting  the 
coming  of  the  experienced  fruit-grow- 
er to  plaoe  her  in  the  same  front 
rank  with  Placer  county,  the  advan- 
tages of  Calaveras  being  similar  in 
every  respect. 

Timber  Belt. 

The  west  line  of  the  timber  belt  be- 
gins near  Murphys  and  crosses  north- 
east to  West  Point;  it  extends  thence 
east  and  north  to  the  oortheaet  line 
of  the  coanty,  embracing  an  area  of 
100  ecjuare  miles.  The  yastneas  of 
this  territory  and  the  wonderful  size 
of  these  giants  of  th«  forest  call  forth 
exclamations  of  anrpriee  and  admira 
tion  from  all  who  visit  thisnnequaled 
timber  reserve.  Many  who  criticised 
Horace  Greeley  when  he  in  his  lect- 
nres  proceeded  to  show  by  calculation 
the  vast  amount  of  lamber  that  could 
be  cat  from  one  of  Calaveras  county's 


Mr,  Carty's  mill,  at  West  Point.  250.000 
feet;  Clark's  New  Kra  mill,  near  Glencoe.  500,- 
000  feet.  These  mills,  as  a  rule,  are  below  the 
main  timber  belt.  In  the  belt  proper  a  vast 
amount  of  the  choicest  pine  is  each  year  worked 
up  into  shakes  and  palings,  while  the  cedar  is 
made  to  furnish  the  ranchers  of  the  valleys  with 
most  desirable  poats.  There  is  no  way  of  accu- 
rately estimating  this  output,  bat  the  large 
number  of  teams  constantly  coming  down  from 
the  mountains  with  their  bulky  loads  of  shakes 
and  posts  prove  the  extent  of  this  industry. 
The  wood-chopper  plies  his  trade  along  the 
lower  border,  while  the  charcoal-burner  and 
oontractor  for  mining  timber  and   laggirga   is 


field;  sutficieDt  to  say  that  the  mineral  belt 
crosses  Calaveras  county.  From  the  Copper- 
opolis  copper  mines,  on  the  plains,  to  West 
Point,  in  the  mountains,  the  clatter  of  the 
stamp-mill  is  heard  in  almost  every  ravine, 
while  the  hydranlic  giants  still  pour  out  their 
powerfnl  streams  against  the  ancient  river- 
banks.  To  Calaveras  belouga  the  honor  of  giv- 
ing to  the  world  the  largest  nagget  of  gold 
found  in  the  United  States,  which  was  found 
in  November,  1851,  at  Carson  Hill.  It 
weighed  195  pounds  troy,  with  a  valuation  of 
$43  534. 

In  addition  to  the  numerons  gold    mines   of 
the  county  are  lar^e  bodies  of  copper  and  iron 


ing  these  monsters  of  the  forest.  Year  after 
year  a  steady  stream  of  tourists  from  our  own 
and  foreign  lands  has  visited  these  wonders  un- 
til their  fame  has  become  as  household  lore. 
These  sfquotaa  are  growing  abont  15  miles 
northeast  of  Murphys,  and  are  reached  by  a 
daily  line  of  stages.  In  the  center  of  the  grove 
is  located  the  commodious  hotel  of  the  owner  of 
the  grove,  Mr.  J.  S.  Sperry.  In  this  seQtion 
all  varieties  of  trees  attain  an  immense  size,  be- 
ing giants  in  themselves.  Sugar  p'nea  275  feet 
in  bight  with  a  diameter  of  ten  feet  are  not  nn- 
common.  The  size  of  the  surronnding  trees  has 
a  tendency  to  dwarf  the  greater  sequotati,  but 
when  their  measurements  are  taken  and  the 


MAGNOLIA.   AVENUE,    RIVBflBIDE.    OAL, 


A    SOUTHERN    CALIFORNIA    SCENE. 


sequoias,  thinking  he  should  have  confined  him- 
self to  a  description  of  their  majestio  beauty, 
wonld  fiad  themselves  naturally  falling  into  the 
same  train  of  thought,  **  How  many  homes 
can  be  erected  from  these  monarcha?"  "  Who 
can  estimate  the  number  of  the  millions  of  feet 
contained  in  this  belt  ?"  The  yellow  and  sugar 
pine  lead  in  quantity;  then  follow  the  spruce, 
fir  and  black  oaks,  while  the  Calaveras  grove 
of  •*  Big  Trees  "  is  a  forest  in  itself  of  sequoia 
gigantea.  Tapping  this  timber  on  its  western 
border  are  a  number  of  amall  sawmills,  situated 
in  the  ravines  leading  down  from  the  mount- 
ains. Joha  Manuel  and  McKay  Bros,  are 
stationed  near  the  big  treea.  Manuel's  mill  has 
a  canacity  of  15,000  feet  a  day  of  ten  houra; 
McKay's,  25,000  feet  a  day.  C.  Croagrove'a 
portable-mill  near  Murphys  cute  10,000  feet  a 
day;  Wiggins*  mill  on  Jesus  Maria  creek  cut 
600^000  feet  in  the  season  of  1888;  Wood- 
cook's    milU     near     West    Pointi     800,000 ; 


working  steadily  up  into  the  belt.  By  rea- 
son of  its  aituation  the  greater  portion 
of  this  timber  reserve  will  remain  untouched 
until  the  railroad  penetrates  these  forests  and 
reduces  the  cost  of  transportation  to  a  market 
sufficient  to  coasume  the  lumber  output  of  this 
section.  The  present  market  is  that  of  the 
oounty  alone,  which  is  supplied  with  lumber  at 
an  average  price  of  $15  a  thousand  feet,  A  V- 
flume,  with  feeders  extending  into  the  differ- 
ent sections,  would  deliver  the  greater  part  of 
this  timber  at  any  desired  point  in  the  valleys. 
Water  and  sufficient  fall  for  fiumes  can  be 
secured. 

Mineral  WealtH. 
Calaveras  has  lost  none  of  her  old-time  pres- 
tige, but  is  forging  ahead.  Her  mining  indus- 
tries are  in  a  far  more  prosperous  condition  than 
at  any  time  since  the  days  of  '49.  Space  will 
not  permit  even  an  abbreviated  account  of  the 
extent  of  the  territory  and   the  riohneas  of  the 


ore.  The  eastern  portion  of  the  oounty  is 
one  vaab  granite  quarry.  Between  this  granite 
and  the  slate  of  the  foothills  is  a  section  of 
limestone  extending  across  the  county.  Black 
and  white  marble,  steatite,  and  other  valuable 
building  stones  are  in  large  supply.  Lignite 
coat,  gypsum,  and  roofing  slate,  fossils  and 
petrifactions  can  be  had  for  the  digging.  By 
reason  of  the  activity  in  mining,  the  county  has 
in  her  mining  towns  a  home  market  where 
double  the  prices  can  be  obtained  over  those 
paid  in  the  cities. 

Population. 
The  population   in   the   mining  towns   is  in- 
creasing very  rapidly,  making  it  difficult  to  esti- 
mate it,  but  12,000  will  not  exceed  the  number 
in  the  county  at  this  time. 

Scenic  Attractions. 
'^Calaveras  Grove  of  Big   Trees.— Mr.   John 
Bidwell:of  Chico  claims  the  honor  of  discover- 


apace  measnred  on  the  home  lawn,  far 
removed,  their  size  seems  incredible. 
In  the  north  and  south  groves  nearly 
1400  sequoiaa  are  now  growing,  while 
numerous  fallen  monarchs  are  found 
at  every  hand.  Through  one  of  these 
fallen  trees  the  writer  rode  on  horse- 
back for  a  distance  of  200  feet.  The 
Pioneers'  Cabin  allows  the  passage 
of  a  loaded  coach  through  its  base, 
while  far  above,  its  limbs  wave  their 
salutation.  The  New  York,  with  its 
diameter  of  35  feet  and  h^'ght  of  over 
400  feet,  will  give  the  stranger  an 
idea,  by  comparison,  of  the  wonders 
of  the  grove.  On  one  stump  four  sets, 
or  32  dancers,  can  trip  the  light  fan- 
tastic toe,  the  diameter  being  25  feet. 
"Smith's  Cabin"  has  an  interior  of 
16  by  22  feet,  while  the  tree,  despite 
its  hoUowness,  extends  340  feet 
heavenward.  "Old  Goliah,"  his 
neighbor,  has  fallea,  and  his  105  feet 
of  circumference  and  length  of  261 
feet,  mark  him  a  fallen  giant. 

Scenes  in  Sonthern  California, 

We  give  on  this  page  photo-en- 
gravings of  scenes  familiar  to  all 
dwellers  in  the  southern  part  of  our 
Stite.  The  palms,  orange  groves, 
low  verandaed  house  and  general 
nature  of  the  vegetation,  sufficiently 
indicate  the  semi-tropioal  latitude  of 
the  locality.  To  the  dwellers  in  the 
high  northern  latitudes  of  our  State, 
nothing  could  more  convincingly  in- 
dicate tts  iofinite  variety  of  olimate 
than  pictures  of  the  snow-crowned, 
cloud-oapped  mountains  audthe  hardy 
vegetation  of  oak  and  fir  on  the  one 
hand  and  the  level,  far-reaching 
vistas  of  citrus  groves,  frond-like 
vegetation  »nd  olear  skies  on  the  other. 
Magnolia  avenue.  Riverside,  San  Bernardino 
county,  is  one  of  the  picturcEque  and  famous 
drives  of  that  beautiful  city.  The  growth  and 
development  of  this  famous  city  is  one  of  the 
marvels  of  even  this  marvelous  age  and  country. 
Less  than  a  generation  ago,  within  the  memory 
of  people  still  young,  the  place  now  covered 
with  churches,  schools,  stores,  beautiful  man- 
sions, and  all  the  evidences  of  culture  and  the 
highest  civilization,  was  a  wilderness  whose 
greatest  utility  was  thought  to  be  in  providing 
suatenance  to  a  herd  of  sheep.  But  the  mount- 
ain streams,  which  ran  to  waste  and  ended  their 
useless  career  on  the  plains  below,  were  tapped, 
their  waters  utilized,  the  wilderness  was  made 
to  blossom  as  the  roae,  and  taste  and  skill  and 
irrigation  made  possible  such  soenea  aa  those 
here  presented. 

The  English  Board    of    Trade  reports    509 
strikes  daring  ISSS,  with  83,000  strikers. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Jan.  4,  1890 


II]lNlJMG   gUMMAF^Y, 

The  following  Is  mostly  coudensed  from  joumalB  publiBhed 
in  the  interior.  Id  proximltv  to  the  mines  mentioned. 


CALIFORNIA. 

Amador. 

Sutter  Creek.— Cor,  Amador  Ledger,  Dec.  28: 
The  water  has  been  taken  out  of  the  Lmcoln  mine, 
and  work  is  again  being  prosecuted,  and  the  mill 
has  been  started.  Mr.  Stewart  hopes  to  be  able  to 
run  without  further  interruption. 

Fatal  Accident. — Another  fatal  accident  oc- 
curred at  the  Kennedy  mine  on  Christmas  eve,  the 
victim  being  James  G.  Macdonald.  He  was  work- 
ing his  first  shift  at  the  mine,  having  come  from 
Eureka,  Humboldt  county,  a  few  days  before.  He 
had  previously  worked  in  the  mill,  however,  and 
when  the  mill  suspended  went  to  Humboldt  county 
and  engaged  in  the  lumber  business.  On  his  re- 
turn here,  he  remarked  that  there  were  so  many 
cripples  in  that  section,  owing  to  accidents  in  con- 
nection with  sawmill  and  logging  business,  that  he 
thought  he  would  rather  take  his  chances  in  the 
mines.  On  going  to  work  on  the  fatal  evening,  he 
was  sent  to  the  6oo-foot  level  to  do  something  with 
the  water  tank,  and  while  engaged  in  this  he  fell 
into  the  shaft,  falling  to  the  water,  over  400  feet. 
The  body  was  soon  recovered,  but,  of  course,  life 
was  extinct. 

El  Dorado. 

Good  Pay.— Georgetown  Gtzcc/Z^,  Dec.  29:  Judge 
Edmundson  was  down  from  Volcanoville  during 
the  snowstorm.  He  and  Mr.  Nye  have  been  tak- 
ing out  some  good  pay  this  winter  from  their  lava- 
capped  gravel  mine. 

Inyo. 

Fish  Springs  Mines. — Inyo  Independent,  Dec. 
37:  There  are  fine  mining  prospects  at  Fish  Springs. 
Elliott  and  "Doc."  Graham  have  opened  up  a  ledge 
of  gold  ore  that  will  p^.y  well.  Henry  Melone  and 
C  F.  Fuller  have  developed  a  fine  ledge  that  gives 
from  $60  to  $80  per  ton  in  gold  and  there  is  said  to 
be  enough  in  sight  to  give  them  both  a  "good 
stake."  Commetti,  an  Italian  miner,  worked  zo 
tons  a  week  or  so  ago  that  netted  him  $800.  All 
over  the  district  new  ledges  of  good  paying  ore  are 
being  found  and  all  can  be  very  easily  worked.  All 
the  ledges  opened  so  far  are  by  tunnels  and  two  men 
can  work  a  ledge  that  may  pay  them  well.  Supplies 
of  all  kinds  can  be  easily  got;  there  is  plenty  of 
water  and  a  fine  farming  country  close  to  the  mines. 
The  distance  from  the  town  of  Big  Pine  is  but  six 
miles  and  the  locality  is  one  of  the  pleasantest  in 
Owens  valley. 

Mine  Sale. — Over  at  Fish  Lake  an  old  pros- 
pector named  Kincaid  has  lately  sold  two  mine  lo- 
cations for  $15,000.  The  buyer  is  Andy  Fyfe,  a  well- 
known  mining  man.  Kincaid  has  been  prospecting 
in  that  locality  for  many  years;  he  is  now  getting 
old,  but  this  sale  will  give  him  enough  to  live  the  rest 
of  his  days  in  eomfort.  The  ore  in  the  mines  car- 
ries silver  and  lead.  Beyond  any  doubt  there  will 
be  a  good  deal  of  activity  in  mining  about  Fish  lake 
the  coming  spring.  The  district  is  just  over  the  Cal- 
ifornia line,  in  Nevada.  Most  of  the  farm  products 
and  beef  used  in  the  district  will  be  obtained  in 
Owens  valley  in  the  neighborhood  of  Big  Pine. 
Napa. 

Mineral  Paint  Near  Calistoga.— 02/zj/o- 
gian^  Dec.  29:  The  mining  and  refining  of  mineral 
paint  found  in  this  vicinity  may  develop  into  a  busi- 
ness of  great  importance  and  value,  judging  from 
recent  transactions.  James  H.  Safley,  whose  resi- 
dence is  on  the  Knights  valley  road,  four  miles  from 
Calistoga,  has  been  aware  during  the  past  three  or 
four  years  that  an  immense  deposit  of  red  mineral 
paint  was  on  his  properly,  and  he  has  occasionally 
shown  specimens  at  home  and  abroad,  thinking 
that  perhaps  they  might  after  awhile  come  under  the 
eyes  of  appreciative  persons;  but  not  until  lately  has 
the  paint  created  sufficient  interest  on  the  part  of 
any  one  to  make  an  investigation.  During  several 
days  past,  parties  have  had  samples  in  San  Fran- 
cisco analyzing  and  making  experiments,  and  the 
result  has  been  so  very  satisfactory  that,  to  make 
sure  the  paint  will  not  pass  into  the  possession  of 
others,  they  have  bonded,  for  a  term  of  six  months, 
560  acres  of  Mr.  Safley's  land,  and  paid  him  a  cer- 
tain amount  of  money  in  hand.  As  soon  as  the 
weather  will  permit,  operations  will  be  commenced 
to  ascertain  the  extent  of  the  deposit,  and  if  it  comes 
up  to  the  expectations  of  the  San  Franciscans  both 
as  to  extent  and  quality  throughout,  the  land  will  be 
p>aid  for.  Then  extensive  refining  works  will  be 
constructed,  and  the  work  of  mining  and  refining 
engaged  in  extensively.  It  is  said  by  those  men  who 
are  first-class  judges  of  red  mineral  paint,  that  the 
Safley  paint  is  superior  to  any  other  they  have  seen. 
As  to  the  question  of  quantity,  Mr.  Safley  says  there 
is  very  little  or  no  doubt  that  it  is  all  that  can  be  de- 
sired, as  he  has  often  been  over  the  ground  and  ex- 
amined it  closely,  the  deposit  being  of  large  propor- 
tions. 

Nevada. 

The  Washington  'iAv^^.  — Transcript,  Dec.  25. 
Another  big  bar  of  gold  bullion  was  shipped  to  San 
Francisco  this  week  from  the  Washington  mine, 
which  property  is  getting  better  and  better  with  each 
day's  work  done  on  it.  Work  is  being  prosecuted 
in  all  four  levels.  The  20-stamp  mill  is  pounding 
away  without  interruption  on  ore  that  pays  about 
six  dollars  a  ton,  and  the  sulphurets  which  are  saved 
yield  over  $100  a  ton.  Owing  to  the  size  of  the 
ledge,  the  complete  equipment  of  machinery  and  the 
fact  that  it  is  run  by  water-power,  the  total  cost  of 
mining  and  milling  averages  but  $2.75  to  each  ton 
of  ore  produced,  leaving  a  profit  that  ought  to  sat- 
isfy anybody.  The  upper  level  has  been  driven 
1260  feet  and  has  three  pay  shoots,  the  first  extend- 
ing 322  feet  on  an  ore  body  two  feet  wide,  the  sec- 
ond 73  feet  on  a  seven-foot  body,  and  where  the 
third  is  being  raised  on  1000  feet  from  the  entrance 
to  the  level  the  ledge  has  widened  out  to  16  feet. 
On  the  second  level  the  shoot  now  being  sloped 
from  shows  a  length  of  200  feet  and  a  thickness  of 
10  feet.  The  third  level  is  being  driven  through 
pay  ore  to  a  point  180  feet  ahead  to  connect  with  a 
winze  from  the  second  level.  In  the  fourth  level 
and  close  to  the  shaft  ihe  ore  body  is  eight  feet 
thick.  With  the  arraDgcments  now  under  way  the 
Washington  will  be  one  of  the  best  ventilated  mines 
in  the  county,  and  as  Under  Sheriff  Reynolds  says, 
*'  good  ventilation  is  one  of  the  important  requisites 
of  successful  mining." 

Mining  Dividend. — Grass  Valley  Union,  Dec. 


29:  The  North  Star  Mining  Co. ,  of  this  district,  has 
declared  a  dividend  (No.  5)  of  50  cents  a  share, 
amounting  to  $50,000,  payable  on  and  after  the  30th 
inst.  This  will  make  $250,000  in  dividends  paid  by 
the  new  company. 

Out  of  Supplies. —  Transcript,  Dec.  29:  At  the 
IX  L  mine  on  the  south  fork  of  Poorman's  creek, 
there  is  a  scarcity  of  provisions  for  the  men  and  of 
shoes  and  dies  for  the  mill,  all  on  account  of  the  big 
storm  which  has  prevented  getting  these  things  over 
the  road  from  the  base  of  supplies  to  the  mine. 
The  scarcity  has  necessitated  a  temporary  laying  off 
of  most  of  the  force,  but  everybody  will  be  at  work 
again  as  soon  as  some  "grub"  can  be  taken  over 
from  Washington,  which  is  five  miles  this  side.  The 
mine  itself  is  all  right.  Men  who  have  worked  there 
say  it  is  going  to  be  a  great  producer  by  next  sum- 
mer when  everything  gets  fairly  under  headway. 
They  report  that  the  ledge  varies  in  thickness  from 
10  to  30  feet  and  has  an  average  width  of  17  feet. 
They  say  it  mills  over  $10  a  ton  as  far  as  tested.  If 
a  ledge  of  that  size  and  as  easily  extracted  averages 
$6  a  ton,  there  is  a  fortune  in  it  for  the  owners. 

A  Great  Mine.— "  The  Idaho  mine  of  Grass 
Valley  is  a  great  property,  but  let  me  tell  you  that 
the  California  mine  of  Graniteville  bids  fair  to 
make  just  as  good  a  record,"  said  a  mining  man  who 
recently  visited  some  of  the  claims  in  Eureka  town- 
ship. The  California  has  a  very  large  ledge  of  ore 
that  is  richer  than  the  most  extensive  deposits  and 
as  the  ledge  is  followed  it  is  improving  in  every  way. 
.Supt.  Foley,  who  in  partnership  with  Mr.  Bohannan 
owns  the  property,  keeps  persistently  but  quietly 
turning  out  the  riches.  He  doesn't  say  much,  but 
he  wears  a  contented  expression  that  cannot  be  mis- 
interpreted. 

That  Re-organization. — Tidings,  Dec.  26  : 
Anent  the  proposed  re-organization  of  the  Bruns- 
wick Mining  Co. ,  operating  in  this  district,  the  fol- 
lowing explanations  are  made:  The  holders  of  the 
judgment  against  the  company  are  to  receive  the  en- 
tire capital  stock  of  a  new  company  to  be  organized 
under  the  laws  of  California  for  their  judgments 
against  the  present  company,  at  the  rate  of  $25  000, 
or  five  cents  per  share  paid  (still  leaving  95  cents 
per  share  assessable).  The  holders  of  the  entire  cap- 
ital stock  of  the  new  company  agree  to  exchange 
share  for  share  of  the  old  for  the  new  on  the  pay- 
ment by  the  old  of  five  cents,  and  the  money  received 
from  the  voluntary  assessment  on  the  old,  less  ex- 
penses, to  be  donated  to  the  new  company  for  the 
development  of  its  property.  All  lapsed  stock  goes 
tojudgraent  holders.  The  entire  capital  stock  of  the 
new  company  is  to  be  deposited  with  H.  R.  Louns- 
berry.  New  York,  until  Aug.  i,  1890.  Up  to  this 
time  only  the  judgment  holders'  stock  will  be  traded 
in,  the  object  of  pooling  the  entire  capital  stock 
being  to  prevent  the  throwing  of  large  blocks  on  the 
market  and  depressing  prices. 

Another  Big  Dividend. — Tidings.  Dec.  30  : 
The  North  Star  M.  Co.,  operating  in  this  dis- 
trict, has  declared  dividend  No.  5  of  50  cents  a 
share,  aggregating  $50,000.  This  makes  $250,000 
in  dividends  paid  by  the  North  Star  under  the 
present  management.  And  this  mine  was  shut 
down  years  ago,  "  worked  out ! "  Yet  it  has 
within  three  or  four  years  been  reopened,  supplied 
with  a  hoisting  and  pumping  plant  and  40-stamp 
mill  second  to  none  in  the  State,  in  addition  to 
paying  a  quarter  of  a  million  in  dividends  I  Be- 
tween 150  and  200  men  are  given  employment. 
The  Empire,  Omaha  and  Hartery  are  also  shining 
examples  of  *'  worked-out"  mires. 

Coe  Mine.— Grass  Valley  Union^  Dec.  31:  The 
owners  of  the  Coe  mine  received  no  information 
yesterday  from  Mr.  Craig,  of  Denver,  who  has  a 
bond  upon  the  property  which  expires  to-day, 
and  they  were  of  the  opinion  that  he  would  not  com- 
ply with  the  terms  of  the  bond,  and  tliat  they  will 
again  take  possession  oi  the  property.  In  that  case 
it  will  not  be  long  before  arrangements  will  be  made 
for  conducting  regular  operations  in  the  mine,  and 
in  the  meanwhile  the  pump  will  be  kept  going  to 
prevent  the  mine  filling  with  water. 

Two  Bits  a  Pan. —  Transcript,  Dec.  27:  The 
workmen  digging  to  bedrock  to  make  a  foundation 
for  the  north  abutment  of  the  new  Main  street 
bridge  have  struck  gravel  that  pays  two  bits  to  the 
pan.  Along  about  i860,  John  Williams,  grand- 
father of  ex- Postmaster  Wallace  J.  Williams,  ran  a 
tunnel  in  north  from  Deer  creek  at  about  that  point 
and  drifted  out  considerable  gold.  He  had  to  quit 
before  the  deposit  was  worked  out,  because  of  the 
sinking  of  Main  street  which  was  overhead.  The 
Manzanita  ravine  which  now  has  its  dumping-place 
farther  east  came  down  that  way  in  early  times,  it  is 
supposed,  the  theory  being  that  the  point  where  the 
Union  hotel.  Lane's  livery  stable  and  adjoining 
buildings  now  stand  was  once  a  low  flat  and  subse- 
quently fllled  up  with  the  natural  wash.  There  is  a 
channel  of  pay  gravel  even  as  high  up  as  a  few  feet 
under  the  ground  upon  which  the  undertaking  es- 
tablishment of  W.  C.  Groves  stands. 

Omaha  Mine.— Grass  Valley  Union,  Dec.  31: 
Everything  is  going  on  satisfactorily  at  the  Omaha 
mine,  except  that  the  bad  weather  has  interfered 
with  the  putting  down  of  the  water-pipe  line  to  the 
Lone  Jack  shaft  for  hoisting  purposes.  As  stated 
several  days  ago,  a  splendid  body  of  ore  is  showing 
up  in  the  No.  10  and  No.  ii  drifts,  which  from  its 
size  promises  to  give  permanent  and  profitable  re- 
sults. The  Omaha  has  about  reached  the  point 
when  diWdends  can  be  paid,  but  they  are  postponed 
for  the  present,  owing  to  the  expenditures  being 
made  for  surface  improvements. 
Placer. 

Iowa  Hill.— Cor.  Placer  Argus,  Dec.  28:  The 
latest  news  from  all  the  mines  in  this  vicinity  and  on 
the  Upper  Divide  is  encouraging.  Fair  &  Davis  have 
35  men  at  work  on  the  Pioneer  quartz  mine,  near 
Damascus,  and  keep  15  stamps  running  most  of  the 
time  on  rock  that  gives  good  dividends  to  the  own- 
ers. A  lower  tunnel  is  being  run  to  cut  the  ledge 
at  a  greater  depth.  C.  Hoffman  reports  about  40 
men  at  work  at  the  Red  Point  mine  taking  out 
gravel  that  must  pay  well  if  Mr.  Hoffman's  good 
spirits  are  any  indication.  Chas.  F.  Reed,  owner 
of  the  Drummond  quartz  mine  at  Cottage  Home, 
passed  through  town  on  Friday  last  on  his  way  to 
the  mine.  About  25  men  are  now  at  work  and  the 
force  will  be  doubled  during  the  spring.  The  Hunt- 
ington mill  crushes  from  25  to  30  tons  per  day  with 
good  results.  Mr.  Reed  is  well  pleased  with  his  in- 
vestment in  Placer  county.  The  famous  old  Mount- 
ian  Gate  gravel  mine  at  Damascus  has  been  bonded 
to  the  same  French  syndicate  that  owns  the  Red 
Point  mine.  The  Mountain  Gate  has  been  one  of 
the  richest  mines  on  the  Divide.     Enough  of  the  old 


blue  channel  still  remains  unworked  to  warrant  the 
new  owners  putting  in  pumping  machinery,  or  to 
run  a  new  and  lower  tunnel  to  drain  the  mine.  The 
French  company  have  abundant  capital  to  do 
either,  and  have  intelligent  engineers  in  their  em- 
ploy who  will  bring  back  the  old  Mountain  Gate  to 
its  former  position  as  one  of  the  best  paying  mines 
in  Placer.  It  is  rumored  that  the  same  company 
have  bonded  other  claims  in  the  same  vicinity  on 
which  work  will  be  commenced  in  the  sprinjg.  Ross 
Browne,  the  mining  engineer,  has  been  surveying 
and  taking  the  levels  on  rim  rock  and  channels  on 
the  Forest  Hill  Divide,  and  it  would  not  be  a  sur- 
prise if  you  should  hear  that  the  French  syndicates 
had  got  hold  of  some  of  the  rich  gravel  mines  in  that 
district.  The  Morning  Star  gravel  mine,  at  Iowa 
Hill,  has  been  bonded  to  a  company  represented  by 
Mr.  J.  Hammond,  who  is  at  p^sent  working  the 
mine  under  his  bond.  The  main  tunnel  is  being 
driven  ahead  500  feet;  when  that  work  has  been 
completed  a  larger  force  of  men  again  be  put  to  work 
taking  out  gravel  and  the  mill  again  be  run  on  full 
time.  E.  West  has  charge  of  the  work.  Tom  Dick 
and  the  Schmidt  boys  are  running  a  tunnel  on  the 
old  McCall  mine  at  Elizabeth  town.  They  have 
started  an  upraise  and  expect  to  break  through  be- 
fore New  Year's.  They  have  christened  the  claim 
the  Emma  mine.  The  Huntington  mill  at  the  Hor- 
man  mine,  at  Wisconsin  Hill,  is  crushing  12  to  15 
tons  of  rich  gravel  per  day.  Another  mill  is  on  the 
way  to  the  mine,  but  it  will  not  get  there  before 
spring  unless  the  roads  improve. 

Sunny  South.— Cor.  Placer  ^^^^/WiVaw,  Dec.  25: 
Five  miles  from  Michigan  Bluff  at  the  head  of  a 
tributary  of  El  Dorado  canyon  lies  the  little  town  of 
Sunny  South.  It  depends  entirely  upon  the  Hidden 
Treasure  mine  for  its  existence,  but  since  it  is  "  built 
upon  a  rock"  no  one  is  apprehensive  as  to  its 
future.  The  Hidden  Treasure  mine  has  been 
worked  for  about  13  years  and  is  now  operated 
through  8300  feet  of  tunnel,  through  a  slate  forma- 
tion, by  drifting.  The  pay  gravel  is  white  quartz. 
The  bedrock  is  slate  varying  in  color  from  white  to 
black.  The  mine  is  timbered  throughout  with 
spruce  and  pine.  The  gravel  is  washed  by  water 
supplied  by  the  mine.  The  cars  are  drawn  into  the 
mine  by  horses,  and  as  the  cars  come  out  of  the 
mine  loaded  their  contents  are  dumped  through  a 
chute  to  the  washing  floor,  where  they  are  washed 
into  sluices  by  a  stream  of  water  under  a  pressure  of 
20  feet.  After  being  washed  the  gravel  passes 
through  two  sets  of  sluices  lined  with  quartz  bowl- 
ders and  worn-out  car  wheels.  Considerable  quick- 
silver is  used  in  the  sluices. 

Shasta. 
Old  Diggings.— Redding /^r«  Press,  Dec.   23: 

5.  O'Neil  of  Old  Diggings  informs  us  that  he  has  a 
contract  to  run  the  main  tunnel  on  Haskell,   Meyers 

6,  Co.'s  mammoth  mine.  Also  that  the  Hart  &  Day 
mine  is  running  15  stamps  and  shipping  a  carload 
to  Vallejo  Junction  every  week. 

A  Success.— Shasta  Courier,  Dec.  26:  John 
Bowder  has  made  a  success  in  his  management  of 
the  old  Banghart  mine  on  Mad  Mule  creek,  nearly 
$3000  having  been  taken  out  in  a  few  months.  If 
there  was  a  good  supply  of  water  on  that  claim  a 
cartload  of  gold  could  soon  be  extracted. 

SlslElyau. 

Salmon  River  Items.— Cor.  Yreka  Journal, 
Dec.  25:  The  weather  was  quite  cold  on  the  even- 
ing of  the  15th  inst.,  the  mercury  reaching  20  above 
zero,  the  coldest  of  the  season.  The  snow  ranges 
from  six  inches  to  a  foot  deep  on  the  river  bars,  and 
is  disappearing  rapidly  under  the  influence  of  the 
hot  sun.  On  the  mountains  the  snow  is  six  or  seven 
feet  deep.  The  placer  miners  are  getting  ready  for 
business  in  the  spring,  when  nearly  all  having  claims 
will  make  good  wages.  The  Golden  Ball  quartz 
mill  is  working  12  stamps,  one  battery  being  hung 
up  for  repairs.  The  ore  crushed  at  present  is  the 
best  milled  in  this  district  for  a  long  time.  The 
more  the  mine  is  developed  the  better  showing  it 
makes.  RoHin  &  Co.,  with  two  arastras,  frozen  up 
at  present,  have  plenty  of  ore  on  the  dump  to  grind 
as  long  as  water  lasts,  which  good  judges  say  will 
average  not  less  than  $100  per  ton.  Sheffield's 
quartz-mill  has  not  been  started  yet.  He  expects  to 
start  up  soon,  with  200  or  300  tons  of  ore,  which 
prospects  very  well.  Ex-Lieut.  Gov.  Daggett  is 
prospecting  the  Black  Bear  mine  with  a  fair  chance 
of  bringing  it  up  to  its  old  standard.  Ned  Roberts 
has  found  a  good  ledge  about  one  mile  above  the 
Golden  Ball  on  Eddy's  gulch.  It  is  said  he  has.  ore 
in  sight  in  the  tunnel  that  will  yield  $2000  per  ton. 
Bully  for  Ned  !  Harry  Welker  &  Co.  have  a  fine 
prospect  below  Tanner's  Peak.  They  have  run  40 
feet  on  the  ledge  and  find  good-paying  ore  all  the 
way. 

Placer  and  Quartz.- Yreka/i'«r/7a^,  Dec.  25: 
From  Know  Notning  creek  we  learn  that  the  quartz 
mines  are  all  turning  out  exceedingly  well,  with 
prospects  of  improvement  as  the  various  ledges  are 
more  fully  developed.  The  Gold  Run  mine  of 
Radelfinger  &  Co.  pays  from  $60  to  $80  per  ton,  and 
employs  from  six  to  eight  men  in  the  mine  and  mill. 
The  Know  Nothing  mine  has  been  yielding  very 
good  pay,  and  the  mill  is  kept  running  steadily. 
The  Wolverine  mine  has  been  shut  down  for  the 
present,  owing  to  the  ledge  being  too  wet  to  work 
to  advantage.  As  soon  as  it  dries  out  after  the 
heavy  storms,  work  will  be  resumed  again.  The 
cold  weather  since  the  late  storms  freezes  the  ground 
and  checks  the  flow  of  water,  to  prevent  much  work 
at  placer  mining,  but  when  a  change  to  warmer 
weather  occurs,  there  will  be  an  abundance  of  water, 
owing  to  the  extensive  supply  of  snow  on  the  mount- 
ains. The  frequentwarm  spells  during  winter  will 
give  miners  a  better  chance  this  season  than  for 
many  years  to  mine  successfully,  and  in  the  spring 
they  will  be  favored  with  a  still  better  chance  of  do- 
ing well.  The  hydraulic  mines  will  also  have  an 
abundance  of  water  to  run  several  weeks  longer 
during  the  spring  and  summer,  as  the  snow  already 
on  the  mountains  will  be  sufficient  to  last  until  mid- 
summer, with  a  certainty  of  considerable  more  snow 
during  January  and  February  to  pile  up  an  addi- 
tional amount,  Radelfinger  &  Co,  havi  built  a  fine 
new  ditch  at  their  mine  on  Know  Nothing  creek, 
which  will  enable  them  to  run  their  quartz-mill  all 
year  round.  They  expect  to  start  the  mill  again  in 
March,  when  the  new  ditch  will  be  ready  for  con- 
stant use.  The  Centennial  Co.  are  pumping  out 
their  claim  again,  since  being  filled  up  by  the  heavy 
storm  of  two  weeks  ago.  and  have  all  the  water  out 
except  about  10  feet.  The  boys  do  not  entertain 
much  hope  of  being  able  to  mine  during  the  venter, 
but  concluded  it  would  do  no  harm  to  start  up  the 


pump  run  by  the  water-power  of  the  river.  Should 
no  great  storms  occur  hereafter  to  raise  the  river, 
they  may  be  able  to  start  working  again  in  taking 
out  gold,  provided  the  weather  does  not  get  cold 
enough  to  freeze  the  water  in  the  pit. 

NEVADA. 

Wasboe  D1st;rlct. 

Gould  and  Curry.— Virginia  Enterprise,  Dec. 
28:  On  the  200  level  the  southwest  dnlt  has  been 
extended  20  feet;  total  length,  250  feet.  Formation, 
soft  porphyry.  On  the  400  level  west  crosscut  No. 
2  has  been  extended  38  feet;  total  length,  138  feet. 
Formation,  quartz. 

Best  and  Belcher.— On  the  625  level  east  cross- 
cut No.  I  has  been  extended  28  feet;  total  length, 
78  feet.  Formation,  porphyry  and  clay,  with  streaks 
of  quartz.  On  the  1000  level  east  crosscut  No,  i 
has  been  extended  15  feet;  total  length,  56  feet. 
Formation,  hard  porphyry. 

Alta. — Are  still  sinking  the  winze  in  the  ledge 
below  the  925  level.  The  slopes  between  the  B25 
and  925  levels  are  looking  well,  and  the  mill  reduces 
daily  about  45  tons  of  ore.  Have  just  made  a  large 
shipment  of  concentrates  to  Salt  Lake  City. 

Yellow  Jacket.— Are  shipping  an  average  of 
60  tons  of  ore  daily  to  Brunswick  mill.  The  west 
drift  on  the  500  level  is  out  880  feet;  face  in  por- 
phyry. Crosscutting  east  and  west  from  north  drifts 
on  the  800  and  900  levels. 

Hendricks. — The  hoisting  machinery  has  been 
thoroughly  repaired  and  is  now  as  good  as  new. 
Work  will  be  resumed  in  the  shaft  when  the  roads 
are  again  opened. 

Justice. — The  825  level  north  drift  advanced  17 
feet  during  the  week;  total,  115  feet;  face  in  fair- 
grade  ore.  The  north  drift,  622  level,  is  out  470 
teet,  the  face  in  low-grade  ore  and  showing  some 
moisture.  The  490  level  slopes  are  looking  and 
yielding  about  as  usual.  Shipped  to  the  mill  dur- 
ing the  week  241  tons  of  ore;  average  battery  assays, 
$22.62. 

Keyes  Mine. — Proprietorship  in  a  chaotic  con- 
dition. 

Occidental. — Too  much  gypsum. 

Savage. — Are  extracting  ore  from  the  400,  500, 
600  and  750  levels.  During  the  week  455  tons  of 
ore  have  been  milled,  the  average  battery  assay  of 
which  was  $21.58.  Have  bullion  on  hand  and  at 
the  mill  amounting  to  $22,315.50. 

Hale  and  Norcross. — They  are  extracting  ore 
from  the  500,  600,  700  and  1200  levels,  and  also 
from  the  1300  level  upraise.  During  the  week  have 
milled  1078  tons  of  ore;  average  batiery  assays, 
$19.13.  Have  bullion  on  hand  and  at  the  mill 
amounting  to  $49,467.24. 

Scorpion.— On  the  500  level  the  new  east  cross- 
cut from  the  south  drift  was  advanced  56  feet;  total, 
256  feet;  face  in  porphyry,  showing  streaks  of 
quartz. 

Chollar. — The  north  lateral  drift,  750  level,  is 
out  744  feet;  face  in  quartz  and  porphyry,  giving 
low  assays.  The  north  lateral  drift,  930  level,  is 
out  365  feet;  face  in  porphyry. 

PoTOSi. — Timbering  the  south  lateral  drifts  on 
the  650  and  750  levels  is  nearly  completed.  The 
east  crosscut,  560  feet  north  of  shaft,  930  level,  is 
out  166  feet;  face  in  porphyry. 

Exchequer, — The  500  level  east  crossciit  on  the 
north  line  is  out  46  feet;  face  in  quartz  .and  por- 
phyry. 

New  York. — Owing  to  repairs  being  made  to 
surface  machinery,  very  little  work  has  been  done  in 
the  mine  the  past  week. 

Alpha. — The  west  crosscut  100  feet  north  of 
shaft,  500  level,  is  out  373  feet;  face  in  porphyry. 
The  north  lateral  drift,  600  level,  is  out  62  feet;  face 
in  quartz,  giving  low  assays. 

Silver  Hill. — The  260  level  east  crosscut,  790 
feet  nor'h  from  shaft,  advanced  15  feet  through  por- 
phyry; total  distance  from  shaft,  875  feet.  North- 
east crosscut,  430  feet  from  shaft,  advanced  15  feet 
through  porphyry  and  clay ;  total  distance  from 
shaft,  480  feet. 

Ward  Combination  Shaft.— East  drift  on  the 
1800  station  is  out  113  feet;  face  in  porphyry. 

Julia  Con.— The  northwest  drift  from  the  1800 
Ward  station  is  out  131  feet;  face  in  clay  and  por- 
phyry. 

Challenge  Con.— The  joint  Confidence  and 
Challenge  west  crosscut  from  the  300  level  is  out  86 
feet,  20  feet  having  been  added  during  the  week. 
The  face  shows  a  mixture  of  quartz  and  porphyry. 

Crown  Point. — The  600  third  floor  northeast 
drift  is  out  64  feet.  Shipped  to  the  mill  during  the 
week  847  tons  of  ore,  the  average  battery  assay  of 
which  was  $17.67  per  ton. 

Belcher. — The  1200  level  No.  2  east  crosscut 
was  extended  67  feet  during  the  week,  making  its 
total  length  370  feet.  The  200  south  drift  is  out  123 
feet. 

Overman. — Extracted  185  tons  of  ore  and  ship- 
ped 205  tons  to  the  Vivian  mill. 

Caledonia. — At  a  point  313  feet  in  the  south 
drift  have  commenced  west  crosscut  No.  3  and  ex- 
tended the  same  38  feet.  Formation,  vein  por- 
phyry. 

Con.  Imperial. — West  crosscut  No.  2  from  the 
300  level  north  drift  is  out  60  feet,  having  been  ad- 
vanced 20  feet  during  the  week.  The  face  shows  a 
mixture  of  quartz  and  porphyry.  The  north  raise 
from  the  same  level  is  up  70  feet,  14  feet  having  been 
added  during  the  week.  The  top  is  in  low-grade 
quartz. 

Oolumbus  District. 

Candelaria.  —  Cor.  Inyo  Independent,  Dec. 
27:  There  is  a  rumor  in  camp  that  the  Candelaria 
Mill  &  Water  Co.  has  bought  the  Holmes  and 
Northern  Belle  properties.  Mr.  Sunderland  is  on 
his  way  from  New  York  to  San  Francisco;  he  is  the 
manager  of  the  C.  M.  &  W.  Co.  It  is  said  that  Mr. 
Wesierville,  the  resident  superintendent,  has  de- 
manded the  possession  of  the  Holmes  from  Mr. 
Girard,  the  agent  for  the  Holmes.  Mr.  Girard  says 
the  Holmes  is  sold  but  he  has  not  received  orders  to 
turn  the  property  over  to  the  new  owners.  There 
are  over  100  Chinamen  working  at  Columbus  for  the 
Pacific  Salt  and  Borax  Co.  They  ship  about  500 
tons  of  borax  per  month.  Teals  Marsh  has  also 
started  up.  The  Mt.  Diablo  will  shut  down  for  a 
week  to  give  the  men  a  rest  and  overhaul  the  machin- 
ery at  the  hoisting  works.  Their  mill  at  Sodaville 
is  running  on  ore  from  the  Columbus  Con.  mine. 
Thomas  Harrington,  formerly  with  Given  &  Ingalls, 
of  Bishop,  is  foreman  of  the  Columbus  mine.  Con-  '. 
siderable  chloriding  is  being  done  on  the  Potosi, 
the  property  "of  T.  Reddy,  and  other  claims.   There    ■ 


Jan.  4,  1890  J 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


are  14  men  working  on  the  Garfield  mine.  Mr. 
Hooper,  the  supcriniendcDi.  has  gone  to  Lonilon 
and  it  is  uoderstood  that  on  his  return  they  will 
put  OD  about  30  men.  1(  the  Holmes  is  sold  there 
will  be  considerable  money  exprndetl  here.  Mr. 
Sunderland  has  ordered  the  resident  supc-nntendent 
to  examine  the  Holmes  and  send  him  a  report  to  Sin 
Francisco  what  the  proUible  cost  will  be  to  put  the 
Holmes  prop*rty  in  good  working  order  and  what 
it  will  cost  tu  gel  out  30  tons  of  ore  per  day. 
Bureka  Dtatrlct. 

Adams  Hill  Mines. — Eureka  Hentirtfl,  Dec.  28: 
Some  of  the  mines  on  Adanu  I  lill  we  learn  are  look- 
ing well.  Inhere  are  seven  iribulers  working  in  the 
Silver  I.ick,  alt  of  whom  are  making  good  wages. 
Frank  Roose  is  getting  some  good  ore  out  of  the 
Rio  Members.  Wm.  Sanches  is  mining  some  rich 
ore  in  the  Lone  Pine.  Al  Hageman  is  prospecting 
and  living  m  hopes  of  getting  rich.  He  has  good 
chances  ahead  of  him  and  is  very  much  encouraged 
with  a  vein  of  lead  ore  in  sight  in  the  Ida  May  mme. 
He  is  finishing  his  assessment  work  on  the  May  lode. 
Johnny  McNorioo  and  the  Laird  brothers  are  tak- 
ing considerable  heavy  lead  ore  from  the  Ttull- 
wbacker  mine,  which  they  are  shipping  10  Salt  Lake. 
They  arc  making  good  wage's. 

New  Pass  District. 

Closing  Down.  — Reese  River  Hrzeille^  Dec.  24: 
Ramdohr  and  Starrett  Bros,  have  shut  down  the 
mine  at  New  Pass  for  the  present  and  discharged 
the  miners.  Dennis  Scully,  Jim  Canwilh,  George 
Francis,  Bob  Crawford  and  John  McCormick  ar- 
rived hrre  yesterday,  while  th"se  living  in  Battle 
Mountain  have  departed  for  that  place.  It  is  not 
known  when  they  will  begin  operations  again. 
Plocbe  District. 

Furnace. — Record^  Dec.  21:  The  furnace  shut 
down  Thursday  afternoon,  owing  to  a  lack  of  flux- 
ing material.  It  will  depend  on  the  state  of  the 
weather  as  to  when  it  will  start  again.  For  two 
weeks  past  it  has  been  impossible  to  bring  in  either 
ore  or  supplies  from  the  outside,  and  the  furnace 
during  that  time  has  been  run  on  material  accumu- 
lated before.  After  three  weeks  of  almost  uninter- 
rupted  storm,  appearances  indicate  further  bad 
weather.  On  Thursday,  the  concentrators  at  the 
Reduction  works  after  a  lay-off  of  several  weeks  for 
alterations,  started  on  Half  Moon  ore  and  will  run 
until  the  ore  now  accumulated  is  finished. 

Tramway.  —  That  portion  of  the  Half  Moon 
tramway  running  from  the  Raymond  Shaft  along 
the  hillside  west  of  town  to  the  vicinity  of  the  school- 
house  is  all  graded,  and  rails  are  laid  on  a  good 
portion  of  ii;  cedar  ties  are  used  and  the  track  is 
built  the  same  width  as  the  old  BuUionville  road, 
and  some  of  the  cars  formerly  used  on  that  road 
will  be  utilized  here.  The  completion  of  this  por- 
tion of  the  tramway  will  greatly  facilitate  the  deliv- 
ery  of  ore  and  supplies  at  the  furnace  when  ne.xt 
it  runs. 

Sylvanla  District. 

Sale. —Cor.  \nyo  Index,  Dec.  24:  John  Bush- 
ard,  who  was  in  town  a  lew  days  ago  from  Palmetto 
district,  reports  the  sale  of  the  Kinkead  mines  at 
Sylvania  district  to  S.  F.  parties  for  $30,000,  Fif- 
teen thousand  was  paid  in  cash,  balance  on  com- 
pletion of  sale.  The  sale  was  made  by  Andy  F>fife, 
and  reduction  works  will  be  put  up  this  coming 
spring.  These  mines  are  in  Esmeralda  county, 
Nevada,  about  60  miles  east  of  Big  Pine.  A  new 
wagon  road  will  be  built  through  the  southeastern 
part  of  Deep  Spring  valley,  cowrecting  with  the 
Ashmore  toll  road  to  Big  Pine. 

Tuscarora  District. 

Elko  Con, —  Times -Kevierw,  Dec.  27:  The  cross- 
cut at  the  bottom  of  the  incline  has  been  extended 
five  feet;  rock  very  hard. 

Belle  Isle. — West  crosscut  from  the  north 
gangway,  350-foot  level,  extended  14  feet.  West 
crosscut  from  south  drift,  250-foot  level,  extended 
nine  feet;  face  is  all  in  low-g^ade  ore. 

Navajo. — The  slopes  above  the  iso-foot  level 
continue  as  at  last  report.  The  crosscut  near  the 
station  has  been  cleaned  out  and  a  crosscut  from  the 
north  drift  advanced  four  feet.  Mill  now  running 
on  Navajo  ore. 

Grand  Pkize.  — 400-foot  level:  Winze  from 
south  drift  sunk  15  leet,  bottom  in  low-grade  ore. 
West  drift  from  north  crosscut  extended  14  feet. 
North  crosscut,  500-root  level,  extended  n  feet 
through  a  very  hard  formation, 

Nevada  Queen, — The  south  drift  from  Com- 
moowealih  has  been  extended  22  feet,  the  whole 
face  being  ore,  some  of  which  is  high  grade.  Joint 
crosscut  from  600-foot  level.  North  Belle  Isle,  is 
being  pushed  toward  the  vein  as  fast  as  possible. 

North  Bblle  Isle.— Slopes  above  the  300, 
near  Queen  line,  are  without  material  change.  The 
concentrator  is  running  as  usual. 

North  Commonwealth.— Third  level;  Joint 
crosscut  east  has  been  advanced  nine  feel;  continues 
to  show  some  ore  in  the  face.  Water  is  not  so 
strong  as  at  last  report.  East  crosscut  from  south 
drift  has  been  extended  17  feet  without  material 
change. 

Del  Monte. — No.  2  west  crosscut  on  the  first 
level  has  beeu  advanced  eight  feet.  The  face  of  the 
crosscut  is  low-grade  ore  and  looking  very  favorable. 
The  work  of  cutting  out  second  level  station  is  about 
complete;  will  have  the  chairs  in  to-day.  Drift  will 
be  pushed  into  the  ore  as  fast  as  possible. 

Commonwealth, — 300-foot  level:  North  gang- 
way extended  17  feet.  The  slopes  throughout  the 
mine  look  well;  425  tons  concentrating  ore  have 
been  sent  to  the  concentrator;  average  $15.83  per 
ton.  Concentrates  average  assay  for  ihe  week, 
$249.79  P^r  ton.  Average  assay  of  first  class,  by 
car  sample,  $289  per  ton,  put  in  ore  bins  at  Union 
mill.  Some  repairs  needed  at  the  mill  are  being 
made  preparatory  to  starting  on  the  isl. 

ARIZONA. 

Gold  Bullion.  —  Prescott  M'uier,  Dec.  30: 
Wm.  H.  Faulkner,  of  the  Quartz  Mountain  Mining 
Co.,  to-day  shipped  a  $2000  bar  of  fine  gold  bul- 
lion, the  result  o(  40  hours"  run  of  their  mill.  Par- 
ties who  came  through  Copper  basin  yesterday  say 
that  the  smelter  there  was  in  full  blast.  Frank  A. 
Patty,  foreman  for  J.  R.  Liston  of  the  Old  Reliable 
mine  in  the  Bradshaws,  says  the  mill  is  running  to 
its  full  capacity,  while  the  mine  is  in  a  splendid  con- 
dition, showing  up  large  quantities  of  good  ore. 
A  pack  train  of  three  animals  came  in  yesterday  af- 
ternoon from  the  Bradshaw  mountains,  loaded  down 
with  bullion  from  the  Crowned  King  mine.  The 
value  of  the  bullion  is  not  stated,  though  it  is  esti- 


mated by  those  who  have  seen  it  to  l)e  worth  SM.- 
000  or  more.  The  Fortuna  mine  near  the  lower 
dam  has  been  sold  to  a  Pl\u:nix  blacksmith  named 
Vasquei.  E.  S,  liennelt,  the  hydraulic  engineer 
who  accompanied  the  Bates  party  to  .Stanton,  came 
in  on  last  night's  stage.  He  has  made  extensive  in- 
vestigations of  the  placer  grounds  of  the  Electric 
Plaoer  Co.,  and  expresses  himself  highly  pleased. 
Geo.  E.  Brown  returned  from  an  official  visit  to 
Cherry  creek  yesterday,  and  says  the  Mockingbird 
mill  is  crushing  20  tons  of  ore  per  d^y.  J.  R.  Lis- 
ton gives  employment  to  eight  or  ten  men  at  his  Old 
Reliable  mine  and  the  Del  Pasco  mill.  The  Rapid 
Transit,  owaed  by  Jacob  Henkle,  in  the  Bradshaw 
mountains,  is  well  opened  up,  and  shows  a  large 
body  of  fine  ore.  Superintendent  M.  R.  Kiley  came 
in  to-day  from  the  Ryland  mine  at  Minnehaha 
fiat,  with  a  large  shipment  of  fine  gold  bullion,  the 
product  of  the  Ryland  mill.  The  value  is  supposed 
to  be  away  up  in  the  thousands.  A  clean-up  will 
be  made  at  the  .Mockingbird  mill  to-day  or  to-mor- 
row. Parties  who  have  recently  visited  this  prop- 
erty say  that  the  yield  is  even  larger  than  was  antic- 
ipated. Messrs.  Palmer,  Martin  and  Goodfellow 
shipped  their  supplies  out  to  Martinez  to-day,  and 
the  latter  two  will  leave  next  week  to  commence 
work  on  the  Highland  Mary  mine.  W.  H.  Harlan 
is  working  the  Wild  Cat  claim,  on  the  Hassayampa, 
and  is  getting  good  ore,  which  he  will  run  through 
the  Howard  mill  in  the  spring.  J.  K.  Hall  was  in 
from  the  Lynx  Creek  hydraulic  works  to-day.  He 
says  that  there  are  six  men  employed  there  in  wash- 
ing rich  gravel.  They  have  been  running  now  for 
two  weeks,  but  have  not  yet  made  a  clean-up.  A 
clean-up  was  made  at  the  Mockingbird  mill  last  week 
which  proves  highly  satisfactory.  The  result  was 
even  greater  than  anticipated  by  Mr.  Ried  or  Super- 
intendent De  Kuhn.  The  ledge  of  the  mine  is  five 
feet  in  width,  and  all  the  ore  taken  from  it  is  run 
through  the  mill  without  sorting, 

Notes. — Prescott  Courier,  Dec.  29;  Wm,  A. 
Rinn  has  gone  to  Bradshaw  district  to  start  work  on 
his  Tiger  claim.  A.  C.  Gilmore  and  Wm.  Murphy, 
just  from  the  Oro  Bella  section  of  Bradshaw,  say 
that  mills  and  mines  are  doing  first  rale.  Robert 
Dougherty  has  returned  from  a  long  prospecting 
trip  in  the  Harcuavar  mountains.  Says  he  saw 
nothing  to  compare  with  this  mineral  belt.  There's 
another  Silver  King  complication.  Company  refuse 
to  pay  Mr.  Ruberi  balance  of  purchase  money,  over 
$7000.  Mr.  Baer,  one  of  the  company,  is  here  from 
the  East,  so  we  hope  for  a  settlement  of  questions. 
Mr,  O.  F.  Place,  president  of  the  Crowned  King 
M.  &  M.  Co.,  does  not  want  any  saloons  near  the 
company's  property,  so  he  has  enjoined  Sheriff 
O'Neill  from  issuing  license  to  a  Mr.  Patrick. 

OOLORADO. 

New  Ore  Contracts.— Aspen  Times,  Dec.  22: 
It  was  stated  last  evening  on  undoubted  authority 
that  the  Aspen  and  Compromise  mines  had  com- 
pleted contracts  for  their  January  output  As  near 
as  could  be  learned,  the  contracts  are  with  several 
different  concerns  and  call  for  an  aggregate  of  150 
tons  per  day  from  each  property.  This  figure  is 
larger  than  the  average  for  the  two  mines  before  the 
sbuidown  and  will  require  the  employment  of  a 
greater  number  of  men  than  were  formerly  en- 
gaged. The  Mineral  Farm  continues  to  look  well. 
It  is  reported  that  some  ore  has  been  found  in  the 
Romulus.  The  Edison  improves  rapidly.  It  is 
opening  up  at  two  points  and  both  ore  bodies  give 
promise  of  being  bonanzas.  New  developments 
have  been  made  in  the  Silver  Bell  during  the  past 
few  days  that  show  the  ore  body  to  be  even  larger 
and  richer  than  has  heretofore  been  supposed. 

A  New  Placer  %0HKWL\.—V>txis^x  Republican, 
Dec.  26:  A  company  is  to  be  shortly  organized 
with  $300,000  capital  to  purchase  320  acres  of  placer 
ground  on  the  Tyler  estate,  embracing  3?^  miles  on 
Boulder  creek  and  2Ji  miles  on  Beaver  creek  just 
above  their  junction.  Forty  acres  of  ground  has 
been  worked  above  the  Tyler  estate  for  15  years, 
and  it  has  yielded  largely  in  gold,  even  at  the  pres- 
ent time  paying  excellent  wages  to  the  parties  work- 
ing it  under  a  lease.  At  the  junction  of  the  creeks 
about  2^  acres  has  been  "  pawed  over,''  with  the 
result  that  $40,000  in  royalities  have  been  paid. 
Bedrock  on  this  small  space  has  never  been  reached. 
The  new  company  will  work  thoroughly  all  the 
ground  on  Beaver  creek  to  the  upper  line  of  the  es- 
tate, and  on  Boulder  creek  to  the  40  acres  which  is 
now  being  worked  and  has  proven  so  rich  in  the 
past.  The  area  to  be  purchased  is  virgin  ground, 
and  for  some  reason  has  been  heretofore  supposed 
to  contain  very  little  gold.  Recent  prospecting  has, 
however,  demonstrated  that  the  dirt  is  equally  rich 
with  that  found  at  either  place  where  mining  has 
been  done.  W.  C.  Lothrop  &  Co.  obtained  a  bond 
upon  the  properly  some  little  time  ago,  and  com- 
menced careful  investigation  as  to  the  value.  They 
got  1.  B.  Lambing,  of  California,  a  placer  miner  of  40 
years'  experience,  and  reputed  to  be  one  of  the  most 
conservative  experts  in  the  United  States.  Mr. 
Lambing  visited  the  property  and  spent  several 
weeks  in  its  thorough  examination.  He  returned 
late  last  week  and  reported  in  substance  as  follows; 
That  there  are  300  acres  of  placer  ground  on  both 
creeks.  That  the  Beaver  creek  dirt  for  the  whole 
distance  of  2  J:^  miles  will  average  73  cents  to  the 
cubic  yard,  and  that  the  3^^  miles  on  Boulder  creek 
will  average  61  cents  to  the  cubic  yard.  That  there 
are  1000  inches  of  water,  with  a  dump  of  124  to  300 
feet  to  the  mile.  That  it  will  require  20  men  20 
years  to  work  the  ground  thoroughly.  That  the 
total  product,  all  allowance  being  made  for  waste, 
cost  of  sluicing  and  other  expenses  not  including  la- 
bor, will  be  very  little  less  than  $2,000,000.  Lothrop 
&  Co,,  S.  H.  Baker,  Esq.,  being  the  silent  member 
of  the  firm,  are  acting  upon  this  report  and  will  or- 
ganize in  a  short  time  a  syndicate,  which  will  con- 
tain at  the  most  three  other  gentlemen.  They  will 
ground-sluice  the  property  and  work  for  awhile  in 
this  manner.  Subsequently  they  will  put  in  the 
giants  and  tear  down  a  great  amount  of  gold-bear- 
ing dirt  and  rock.  The  expectation  is  confident 
that  $40,000  will  be  taken  out  the  coming  season, 

DAKOTA. 

Nigger  Hill  Tin.— Deadwood  Pioneer,  Dec. 
25:  Chas.  Finch,  superintendent  of  developments 
on  the  claims  of  the  American  and  Cleveland  tin 
companies,  is  in  the  city,  and  from  him  we  learn 
that  more  ore  has  been  uncovered  and  taken  out  the 
last  three  months  than  during  all  the  former  years 
of  developments.  Three  claims,  Isabel,  Tolo  and 
Columbus,  heretofore  considered  worthless,  have  de- 


veloped into  .is  good,  if  not  better  mines  than  the 
Clevcl.ind.  Reduction  works  of  some  kind  will  be 
in  operation  before  the  close  of  the  year  1890. 

Syndicate  Smelter.  — the  Syndicate  smelter 
will  blow  in  for  another  run  Iromedialely  after  Christ- 
mas. Contracts  were  made  yesterday  for  fifty  tons 
of  Ross- Hannibal  ore,  and  for  an  equal  amount  from 
the  Tornado,  Harmony  and  Double  Standard  com- 
panies.    Pyrites  will  be  obtained  from  Galena. 

IDAHO. 

Old  A ue.— Charles  Sinclair  and  partners  are 
running  a  2oo-foot  tunnel  on  the  Old  Abe  on  Elk 
creek;  a  distance  of  50  feet  has  been  attained  with 
most  satisfactory  results.  The  vein  is  six  feet  wide 
and  averages  well  in  silver  and  lead. 

Mavfluuer.— J.  C.  Rasberry  and  J.  W.  West 
are  developing  the  Mayflower  claim  on  Pine  creek. 
Their  incline  is  down  30  feet,  in  the  bottom  of 
which  is  a  body  of  good  concentrating  ore,  one  and 
a  half  feet  in  width.  The  Maytlower  is  a  most  en- 
couraging prospect, 

Bea\er  District. — The  wonderful  discoveries 
on  Sunset  Peak  are  regarded  as  among  the  most 
important  made  in  any  portion  of  Co^ur  d'Alene, 
and  the  coming  season  will  be  one  of  much  activity 
in  and  around  Carbon  Center.  Notwithstanding 
the  great  elevation  of  the  mines,  work  is  progressing 
rapidly  and  will  be  continued  during  the  winter. 

Sitting  Bull.- The  Portland  M.  Co.,  with  W. 
H.  Pettit  as  superintendent,  keep  a  force  of  men 
employed  on  the  Sitting  Bull  getting  out  ore,  and 
teams  are  constantly  employed  in  hauling  the  prod- 
uct to  the  railroad  for  shipment.  The  hoisting 
plant  and  other  machinery  which  arrived  over  two 
months  ago  will  be  put  up  early  in  Ihe  spring. 

Custer.— The  Porter  Bros,  and  W.  H.  Clagget 
are  steadily  working  the  Custer  mine,  and  those  fa- 
miliar with  its  development  pronounce  the  property 
one  of  the  richest  in  the  prolific  district  in  which  it 
is  located. 

Pony  Gulch. — Success  appears  to  crown  the 
efforts  of  Sup't  C.  Kraus  of  the  Fay  Templeton 
mine,  who  keeps  20  men  employed  day  and  night 
on  that  property.  The  quality  of  the  ore  extracted 
is  most  excellent  and  the  quantity  in  sight  equally 
satisfactory.    The  mill  is  running  uninterruptedly. 

The  Elkhorn  Mine.— Boise  Statesman,  Dec. 
24:  Mr.  E,  H,  Hesse,  who  has  recently  been  engag- 
ed in  making  surveys  of  the  famous  Elkhorn  mining 
property  in  the  Boise  Basin,  gives  a  very  encourag- 
ing account  of  the  present  condition  and  future  pros- 
pects of  the  Elkhorn  and  adjoining  properties.  The 
old  works  on  the  original  Elkhorn  were  abandoned 
many  years  ago  on  accountof  theaccumulated  water, 
for  which  the  miners  of  that  day  had  failed  to  pro-, 
vide  means  of  drainage.  The  lode  where  left  had 
proved  very  rich,  over  half  a  million  dollars  having 
been  extracted  during  one  short  season's  operations. 
During  the  past  two  years,  Mr.  Hugh  Turner  has 
been  engaged  in  running  a  lower  tunnel  with  a  view 
to  tapping  the  old  Elkhorn  lode.  This  tunnel  is  now 
in  some  1200  feet,  having  cut  through  four  parallel 
veins  in  that  distance.  These  veins  all  show  gl)od 
bodies  of  paying  ore,  from  one  of  which  Turner  re- 
alised some  $25,000  in  a  few  weeks.  At  present  the 
properly  is  bonded  to  a  Boston  company,  which  is 
pushing  operations  on  a  healthy  scale.  At  the  end 
of  the  tunnel  named,  a  double  compartment  upraise 
is  being  prosecuted  with  a  view  of  tapping  the  bot- 
tom of  the  old  works  on  the  Elkhorn.  The  new  50- 
stamp  mill  to  be  built  next  season  will  be  run  by 
water-power,  as  will  also  be  the  electric  plant  to 
light  the  mine  and  mill.  Only  a  limited  force — 
some  twelve  men— is  now  employed.  The  only 
means  of  crushing  ore  at  present  is  the  five-stamp 
mill  used  by  Mr.  Turner.  The  mine  is  situated  on 
Elk  creek,  about  ten  miles  above  Idaho  City. 

The  Buttercup  Mine. — Ketchum  Keystone, 
Dec,  21;  In  consequence  of  the  damages  occasioned 
by  the  snowslide  which  occurred  last  week  at  the 
Buttercup  mine  on  Willow  creek,  Supt.  Childs  has 
suspended  further  operations  at  the  mine  until 
spring.  The  closing  of  work  during  the  winter  will 
no  doubt  be  quite  a  drawback  to  the  development 
of  the  mine,  but  the  casualty  which  has  caused  the 
cessation  of  work  for  the  present  was  beyond  the 
power  of  human  effort  to  avert. 

MONTANA. 

Ruby  District, — Butte  Inter- Mountain,  Dec. 
28:  In  the  Lowland  district  operations  have  been 
suspended  for  the  winter,  though  considerable  pros- 
pecting and  representing  is  being  done  by  quite  a 
number.  The  Amazon  is  just  at  present  the  only 
mine  in  operation  in  the  district.  The  ore  is  ship- 
ped to  Butte  and  is  like  all  the  ore  in  that  locahty, 
gold  in  character  with  a  sprinkling  of  silver.  There 
is  no  excitement  concerning  the  mines  as  in  old 
times.  No  such  excitement  disturbs  those  now  busi- 
ly engaged  in  developing  this  country.  The  best 
known  mine  and  most  prominent  is  the  Ruby.  The 
depth  of  the  shaft  is  100  feet,  but  the  company  have 
confined  themselves  to  stopingfrom  the  5o>foot  level 
to  the  surface.  That  is  about  exhausted.  It  is 
stated  by  parties  who  have  worked  it  that  the  com- 
pany has  netted  fully  $100,000  from  this  amount  of 
ore  worked. 

The  Lexington. — The  Lexington  shaft  is  push- 
ing on  to  the  1500-foot  level  and  is  the  deepest  per- 
pendicular shaft  in  the  whole  State  of  Montana. 
More  attention  is  paid  to  the  sinking  of  this  shaft 
than  the  sinking  that  is  being  carried  on  in  all  of  the 
mines  of  Butte,  as  on  the  results,  when  that  crosscut 
connects  with  the  lead  on  the  1500,  will  depend  the 
future  of  deep  mining  in  this  district.  Many  asser- 
tions have  been  made  by  many  of  the  prominent 
mining  men  as  to  the  continuity  of  ore  bodies  in 
depth.  Some  claim  that  the  leads  become  richer  as 
depth  .is  attained  as  in  the  Mountain  View,  while 
others  that  the  deeper,  the  more  base  becomes  the 
ore  and  that  it  will  run  ultimately  into  iron  or  bar- 
ren rock.  Thus  far  the  former  assertion  seems  to 
be  more  correct,  as  is  witnessed  by  many  of  our  great 
mines,  though  more  particularly  the  copper  ones. 
This  company  deserves  great  credit  for  being  the 
first  to  commence  sinking  to  any  great  depth  and 
after  reaching  the  looo-foot  mark  to  keep  right 
along  without  interruption.  Edmond  Williams,  at 
the  mouth  of  Park  canyon,  has  his  tunnel  in  175 
feet.  It  will  be  continued  in  250  feet  farther,  when 
it  is  expected  it  will  tap  the  lead.  The  Iron  mine 
in  Park  canyon  has  lots  of  ore  on  the  dump  to 
answer  all  demands  made  upon  it.  It  is  used  en- 
tirely for  fluxing.  It  is  reported  that  the  Butte  Re- 
duction Works  will  shortly  start  up  their  blast 
furnaces  that  have  so  long  lain  idle.    The  concen- 


trator and  calciners  are  running  at  their  full  capac- 
ity. Ihe  Mountain  View  is  having  some  ditficulty 
in  getting  rid  of  its  ore.  The  mine  is  now  compel- 
led to  lay  some  of  the  boys  off  every  once  in  a 
while  on  account  of  the  chutes  being  full.  The  East 
Gray  Rock  continues  shut  down  owing  to  part  ol  the 
machinery  of  that  mine  being  used  at  the  Silver  Bow. 
Remarks  have  been  current  that  the  Anaconda  Co. 
intends  to  shortly  open  the  Anaconda  mine.  The 
Odin  has  again  suspended  operations.  The  pumps 
are  hoisted  to  the  surface.  The  IMutonia  has  also 
thrown  up  the  sponge.  It  was  operated  by  Messrs. 
Haupt  &  Rafferty.  Dr.  Larkin  is  working  eight 
miners  in  Horse  canyon  on  his  claim.  The  lead  has 
been  encountered  and  looks  very  promising.  Robt. 
Tait,  the  millwright  who  constructed  the  Champion 
milt,  states  that  the  mill  will  not  be  able  to  start  till 
some  time  in  February.  There  is  shipped  daily  from 
the  five  Chamber  syndicate  of  mines,  the  Mountain 
Consolidated,  Green  Mountain,  Wake  Up  Jim, 
Modoc  and  Matte,  about  1500  tons  of  ore,  which  is 
hauled  to  Anaconda  by  70  or  75  of  the  Montana 
Union  cars. 

The  Kevstone.— AVu)  A'orMK'fj/.  Dec.  36:  The 
report  of  an  important  strike  in  the  Keystone  has 
been  verified.  The  dip  of  the  lead  brought  it  into 
the  shaft  at  112  feet,  and  it  has  straightened  to  such 
an  extent  that  the  working  will  be  on  vein  matter 
for  20  feet  at  least.  The  ore  body  is  about  four  and 
a  half  feet  wide  and  sample  assays  go  from  40  ounces 
up. 

The  Champion.— Regular,  though  not  large, 
shipments  of  ore  continue  to  be  made,  enough  to 
pay  the  running  expenses  of  the  mine  pending  the 
completion  of  the  mill.  With  the  exception  of  a  part 
of  the  machinery,  all  the  material  for  the  mill  is  now 
on  the  ground. 

The  Franklin. — The  men  who  recently  took  the 
contract  to  extend  the  Franklin  tunnel  500  feet  had 
made  75  feet  of  the  distance  last  Sunday.  The  de- 
velopment thus  far  on  the  contract  has  been  a  stringer 
of  very  fine  ore  and  a  change  for  the  better  in  the 
character  of  the  formation. 

ORKQON. 

Powder  River.  — Union  Scout,  Dec.  2t:  Powder 
River  is  again  attracting  the  attention  of  our  miners 
and  J.  G,  Lewis  will  leave  for  the  East  to  perfect  the 
organization  of  the  Powder  River  Flume  and  Min- 
ing Co.  on  the  three  miles  of  the  river  owned 
and  controlled  by  the  J.  G.  Lewis  Co.  Owing 
to  the  very  and  unusual  low  stage  of  Powder 
river  last  summer  only  the  rocker  could  be  used,  yet 
every  one  working  realized  good  wages  and  it  is  now 
known  that  M.  Ferri,  doing  assessment  work  for  the 
J.  G,  Lewis  Co,,  realized  over  $1000  in  three  months. 

Sparta. — Cook  &  Younger,  the  Sparta  Rustlers, 
have  uncovered  some  very  rich  free  gold  and  sul- 
phuret  ore  on  their  Bisn;iarck  and  Opulent  mines 
belonging  to  the  consolidated  New  Golden  Era 
group  adjoining  the  Gold  Ridge  group  on  the  west. 
The  OUie  Woodman,  belonging  to  this  group,  shows 
three  feet  of  high-grade  ore  and  the  incline  shaft 
will  be  sunk  50  feet  this  winter  and  levels  run  at 
this  depth.  The  ore  from  the  Ollie  Woodman  shows 
$18  in  gold  by  free  amalgamation  and  $21  gold  in 
sulphureis  to  the  ton.  They  have  suspended  work 
on  their  rich  free  gold  property  on  East  Eagle  creek 
and  will  actively  develop  the  consolidated  New 
Golden  Era  group,  which  is  now  conceded  to  be  one 
of  the  most  promising  group  of  mines  in  the  Sparta 
district. 

UTAH. 

A  Strike  in  Blue  Ledge. — Park  Record,  Dec, 
29  :  The  Ontario  bullion  product  for  the  week  was 
29  bars,  containing  17,047.55  fine  ounces  of 
silver.  The  bad  condition  of  the  ropds  interfered 
with  ore  hauling  the  past  week.  The  Crescent  has 
not  yet  resumed  shipments  of  first-class  ore.  Air 
connections  between  No.  i  and  2  levels  have  been 
made  and  the  rich  vein  is  being  explored  to  better 
advantage.  The  Woodside's  ore  shipments  will 
be  larger  than  ever  soon.  During  the  week  the 
Mackintosh  sampler  received  and  forwarded  394,490 
pounds  of  Ontario  ore;  174,640  of  May  Flower 
No.  7  leasers;  67,390  of  Daly,  and  24,180  of  Wood- 
side  ore;  660,700  pounds.  A  discovery  of  a  deposit 
of  lithographic  stone  is  reported  to  have  been  made 
recently  in  the  hills  below  town.  The  Nevada- 
Northland  leasers  started  this  morning  to  ship 
high  grade  ore  to  the  Mackintosh  sampler  and  the 
first  lot  will  be  fifty  tons.  Work  continues  at  the 
Creole  No.  2,  notwithstanding  that  a  notice  was 
served  this  week  on  the  leasers,  by  a  representative 
of  the  Townsite  company,  to  the  effect  that  he 
claimed  the  ore  and  for  the  sampler  not  to  ship  it. 
A  good  strike  has  been  made  in  the  Red  Cross 
tunnel  which  is  being  run  to  develop  the  Silver 
Kay  group,  consisting  of  four  claims  and  situated 
in  the  southern  part  of  Blue  Ledge  district,  near  the 
Glencoe.  The  tunnel  is  in  28  feet  and  a  ledge  five 
feet  in  width  was  recently  encountered  which  carries 
gray  and  yellow  carbonates  that  assay  well  in  siiver 
and  lead.  The  group  is  owned  by  J.  S.  M.  Jackson, 
Geo.  Irwin,  Wm.  Shavelier  and  Ole  Yorgenson,  and 
the  tunnel  will  be  driven  along  the  new-found 
ledge. 

NEW  MEXIOO. 

Mine  Sale. — Lordsburg  Liberal,  Dec.  20:  The 
payment  jwas  made  to  Salcido  &  Co.  for  the  mine 
San  Francisco  of  which  mention  has  been  made  in 
the  Liberal  recently,  and  the  amount,  it  is  said  by 
some,  was  only  $3000  or  $4000,  and  others  say  that 
$20,000  was  received  from  the  Arizona  Copper  Co. 
on  the  i6th.  The  company  is  fortunate  in  obtain- 
ing the  property  as  it  has  been  a  regular  pay-pro- 
ducer  from  the  grass  roots.  Ground  was  broken  on 
it  in  December,  1887,  and  it  yielded  over  $50,000  to 
the  owners  who  never  used  any  modern  appliances 
in  the  way  of  machinery  in  extracting  the  ore.  The 
waste  dump  holds  over  2000  tons  of  ore  that  will 
run  over  <)%  per  cent  copper.  It  is  safe  to  say  that 
Salcido  &  Co.  did  not  receive  any  more  for  the  mine 
than  the  dump  is  worth  at  the  present  price  of  cop- 
per. Of  course,  as  to  the  amount  reported  received  is 
only  common  report,  but  the  writer  knows  that  if 
the  Arizona  Copper  Co.  had  not  closed  the  sale  as 
soon  as  it  did,  a  good  round  figure  within  range  of 
its  value  would  have  been  tendered.  J.  H.  Hovey 
has  bought  an  interest  in  the  Black  Dyke  mine,  and 
has  a  force  of  men  working  night  and  day.  It  is 
also  reported  that  he  is  goii]g  to  put  a  lo-stamp  mill 
on  it. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Jan.  4,  1880 


II^ECHAjMieAL  Progress. 


steel  in  Locomotive  Boilers. 

steel  boilers  for  looomotiveB  are  not  generally 
used  in  France,  and  when  recently  the  Farie, 
Lyons  &  Maditerranean  road  decided  to  use 
higher  pressures  for  compounding,  one  of  the 
first  matters  to  consider  was  the  material  and 
construction  of  a  boiler  to  withstand  such  prea- 
snres.  It  was  decided  to  use  eteel  because  of  its 
greater  strength,  bat  there  were  some  doubts  of 
its  reliability.  In  the  light  of  our  experience  with 
steel  boilers,  these  fears  seem  out  of  place  ;  yet 
the  steps  taken  to  secure  good  steel  show  how 
oarefnlly  such  matters  are  considered  in  France, 
and  some  American  boiler-makers  could  profit 
by  the  methods  there  used. 

The  specifications  for  the  steel  required  a 
minimum  strength  of  59.735  lbs,  per  square 
inch,  and  a  minimum  elongation  of  26  per  cent 
in  pieces  7-87  inches  in  length.  It  is  noticeable 
that  no  Diaximnm  strength  was  specified,  as  is 
customary  in  the  United  States. 

In  working  the  steel,  great  precautions  were 
taken  to  prevent  injury  to  the  metal.  Fnnohes 
were  not  allowed;  all  holes  were  drilled.  All 
flanges  were  turned  with  hydraulic  pressure, 
and  work  was  stopped  on  the  steel  sheets  when 
they  were  lowered  in  temperature  to  a  dark  red 
color.  After  flanging  and  after  being  fitted 
^nd  drilled  ready  for  use,  and  even  when  rolled 
into  form,  the  sheets  were  placed  in  a  large 
annealing  furnace,  about  1-00  cubic  feet  in 
capacity,  constructed  especially  for  the  pur- 
pose, in  which  they  were  annealed,  and  after 
that  the  use  on  them  of  a  hammer  for  any  par- 
pose  is  carefully  avoided.  The  holes  were  first 
drilled  about  0.08  inches  in  diameter,  less  than 
the  diameter  of  the  rivets,  and  after  being  put 
in  place  they  were  reamed  to  size.  In  anneal- 
ing the  sheets  they  were  raised  to  a  cherry  red, 
and  were  kept  at  that  temperature  by  a  slow 
fire  from  15  to  IS  hours.  At  this  time  the 
cover  of  the  farnace  was  slightly  raised,  the 
fire  pulled  out,  and  the  temperature  of  the 
furnace  and  the  sheets  allowed  to  become  re- 
daoed  during  the  next  48  hours.  The  sheets 
were  then  removed  from  the  furnace,  and  12 
hoars  after  were  put  into  position.  Iron  rivets 
were  used,  and  driven  preferably  by  hydraulic 
riveters. 

The  oase  of  careful  manipulation  of  steel 
sheets,  with  other  instances  of  the  kind  which 
the  traveling  engineers  saw  this  sammer,  go  to 
show  that  the  French,  German  and  Eaglisb 
engineer  has  not  that  high  confidenoe  in  sheets 
of  that  material  which  is  possessed  by  the 
engineer  in  the  United  States.  If  it  were  not 
for  the  large  number  of  steel  boilers  in  use 
here,  which  run  practically  without  cracking 
or  rapture  of  any  sort,  one  might  be  somewhat 
concerned  at  the  contrast  between  the  scrupu- 
lous care  taken  by  the  foreign  engineer  and  the 
more  free  and  easy  methods  of  boiler  construc- 
tion here.  Bat  the  rarity  of  accidents  to  the 
vast  number  of  steel  locomotive  boilers  running 
in  this  country,  often  carelessly  handled,  is 
good  evidence  of  the  general  reliability  of  our 
methods.  It  is  true  that  we  do  punch  steel 
boilers,  but  they  seem  to  be  none  the  worse  for 
it.  It  is  also  true  that  the  majority  of  all  of 
the  sheets  in  oar  boilers  are  unannealed,  yet 
only  a  few  of  the  vast  number  ever  fail  by 
cracking.  It  may  be,  however,  that  we  have  a 
better  class  of  steel  sheets  to  deal  with,  and 
that  the  large  demand  for  steel  of  a  low  tensile 
strength  and  a  maximum  elongation  has  fos- 
tered the  growth  of  and  improvement  of 
processes  whereby  we  are  able  to  obtain  steel 
for  the  construction  of  boilers  which  has  a 
uniformity  in  general  obaraoteristics  that  is 
almost  unknown  among  boiler-makers  abroad, 
Kevertheless,  in  spite  of  the  good  quality  of 
steel  which  we  are  fortunate  enough  to  possess, 
and  the  good  fortune  whioh  seems  to  attend 
the  construction  of  steel  boilers — and  their  use 
as  well — would  it  not  be  well  to  pay  a  little 
more  attention  to  the  matter  of  annealing  steel 
sheets  after  they  have  been  worked  upon,  par* 
ticularly  after  they  are  flanged?  Attempts 
are  now  being  made  to  do  this,  and  nearly  all 
the  modern  locomotive  specifications  call  for 
"  all  sheets  to  be  annealed  after  flanging,"  but 
this  is  almost  never  done  in  the  full  sense  of 
the  term ''annealed,"  or  anything  like  it.  It 
is  no  easy  matter  to  anneal  a  steel  sheet,  and 
the  mere  heating  over  a  wood  fire  for  a  short 
time,  as  the  practice  is  in  some  localities  here, 
not  only  does  not  properly  anneal  a  sheet,  but 
sometimes  it  ia  hardened  by  the  sudden  cooling 
allowed.  There  are  many  steel  boilers  now  in 
use  whioh  are  ooustrnoted  of  plates  that  have 
been  fianged,  but  which  are  too  large  to  enter 
any  annealing  furnace  used  for  locomotive 
boiler  work  in  this  coantry.  In  some  shops, 
however,  steps  are  being  taken  to  meet  the 
demands  of  the  regular  specifioations  for  loco- 
motive boilers,  notably  at  the  Khode  Island 
Locomotive  Works,  where  one  of  the  largest 
annealing  furnaces  in  the  United  States  has 
been  recently  constructed,  and  is  now  in  suc- 
cessful operation. — Railroad  Gazette. 


Some  Peculiarities  of  Iron. — Scientists  are 
constantly  developing  new  and  interesting 
peculiari^ties  of  iron,  many  of  which  are  being 
turned  to  useful  account  by  practical  mechan- 
ics. One  of  the  latest  developments  in  this  di- 
rection is  found  in  some  French  experiments, 
whioh  show  that  if  a  bar  of  hard  iron  be 
allowed  to  cool  from  a  white  heat  to  a  dull  red- 
ness there  is  a  spontaneous  disengagement  of 
heat,  and    its    magnetic   properties  suddenly 


ohange.  In  order  to  ascertain  whether  this 
result  might  he  due  to  the  heat  set  free  by  the 
modification  of  the  iron,  or  if  it  required  the 
presence  of  iron,  Iron  was  operated  with  con- 
taining from  0.16  to  1.25  per  cent  of  carbon,  by 
which  means  the  first  phenomenon  above  men- 
tioned was  found  to  be  due  to  the  molecular 
transformation  of  the  iron,  and  the  second  cor- 
responded to  a  change  in  the  relation  of  the 
iron  with  its  carbon.  It  takes  place  at  675°  C, 
when  the  thermometer  suddenly  stops  and  rises 
some  6°,  afterward  resuming  its  regular  fall,  as 
the  metal  cools.  This  was  observed  with  steel 
containing  0.57  per  cent  of  carbon,  while  with 
only  0.16  per  cent  of  carbon  a  much  slighter 
effect  of  the  hind  was  noticed  at  about  749''; 
with  1.25  per  cent  of  carbon,  the  two  effects 
appear  to  confound  themselves.  When  the 
proportion  of  carbon  is  increased,  the  temper- 
ature of  the  transformation  of  the  iron  seems 
to  be  lowered,  and  that  of  recalescence  raised, 
BO  that  both  come  to  coincide  in  the  hard  steel. 
— Chicago  Journal  of  Com. 

Shapers  and  Shaping  Machinery. 

The  position  of  the  engineer  and  machinist 
of  to-day,  as  compared  with  that  of  his  prede- 
cessor of  only  a  few  decades  back,  may  fairly  be 
oonsidered  as  an  enviable  one.  At  that  period 
machines  which  could  make  machines,  or  parts 
thereof,  were  almost  or  quite  non  est.  Nas> 
myth's  steam  hammer  did  not  exist,  and  the 
production  of  large  masses  of  forged  iron  was 
an  extremely  laborious  and  often  risky  affair. 
And  for  preparing  parts  for  the  fittiog  shop,  al- 
most the  only  mechanloal  apparatus  driven  by 
power  was  the  lathe,  with  the  slide-rest  scarce- 
ly perfected. 

The  planing  machine,  even  in  its  most  rudi- 
mentary state,  as  yet  was  not,  and  the  only 
method  of  producing  a  perfectly  plane  surface 
on  metal  was  by  chipping  with  the  chisel,  and 
afterward  scraping  or  grinding,  a  toilsome  and 
unsatisfactory  process.  For  pieces  of  irregular 
or  peculiar  shape  there  was  no  forming  appa- 
ratus save  the  common  file  impelled  by  the  arms 
of  the  worker,  and  the  boring  bar  was  equally 
a  thing  of  the  future. 

The  invention  of  the  planing  machine  was  a 
great  step.  Henceforth  the  engineer  or  ma- 
chinist had  a  ready  and  certain  method  of  se- 
curing perfectly  plane  surfaces  by  the  aid  of 
power. 

The  planer  naturally  and  of  coarse  gave  birth 
to  the  shaper,  which  is,  at  least,  equally  use- 
ful with  its  parent,  and  of  very  wide  appli- 
cability. 

The  shaper  is  now  found  in  every  machine- 
shop,  is  made  in  many  forms  by  different  man- 
ufacturers, and  of  various  sizes,  from  small  ex- 
amples to  be  operated  by  hand  to  the  larger 
species  of  power-driven  machines. 

The  difference  between  a  planer  and  a  shaper 
consists  essentially  in  the  length  operated  upon 
by  the  cutting-tool  in  one  stroke. 

"The  stroke  of  a  shaper  ia  usually  limited  to 
a  few  inches,  since  the  work  is  fixed,  and  the 
tool  travels,  and  the  rigidity  of  the  tool  is  de- 
pendent upon  the  length  of  the  arm  that  car- 
ries it.  Bit  in  a  planing  machine  the  tool  ia 
fixed  on  the  cross  slide,  while  the  table  travels, 
and  the  rigidity  .of  the  latter,  and  that  of  its 
bed,  will  allow  of  a  stroke  of  as  much  as  40 
feet  being  taken.  Hence  planing  machines  are 
proper  for  long  faces,  but  shapers  are  quicker 
in  action  for  small  work." 

So  was  the  distinction  between  the  two 
clasees  of  tools  tersely  pat  some  time  since  by  a 
writer  in  the  English  Mechanic. 

In  many  of  the  shapers  the  tool-boxes  have 
motion  in  one  direction  only,  but  in  the  better 
class  of  machines  both  vertical  and  horizontal 
movement  ia  secured. 

Indeed,  in  some  shapers  of  elaborate  con- 
struction intended  for  use  In  large  shops,  the 
tool-plate  is  rendered  capable  of  circular  motion, 
also  for  the  shaping  of  convex  or  concave  sur- 
faces, the  varying  degrees  of  curvature  required 
being  obtained  by  very  ingenious  contrivances. 

These  machines  are  susceptible  of  being  actu- 
ated at  different  rates  of  speed,  according  to 
the  work  on  them.  For  brass,  for  example, 
the  speed  at  which  thev  are  driven  is  faster 
than  for  iron. — London  Builders'  Reporter. 


Annealing  and  Hardening. — Copper,  brass, 
German  silver  and  similar  metals  are  hardened 
by  hammering,  rolling  or  wire  drawing,  and 
are  softened  by  being  heated  red  hot  and 
plunged  in  cold  water.  Copper,  by  being  al- 
loyed with  tin,  may  be  made  so  hard  that 
cutting  instruments  may  be  made  from  it. 
This  is  the  old  process  of  hardening  copper, 
which  is  so  often  claimed  to  be  one  of  the  lost 
arts,  and  which  would  be  very  useful  if  we  did 
not  have  in  steel  a  material  which  is  far  less 
costly  and  far  better  fitted  for  the  making  of 
edge  tools. 

The  Most  Powerful  Rolling  Mill  en- 
gines in  the  world,  according  to  the  English 
Mechanic^  are  the  reversing  engines  just  made 
by  Galloways,  of  Manchester,  for  Palmer's 
Ship-Building  Co.  The  engines  drive  a  44-iach 
train  of  rolls.  The  cylinders  are  56  inches  di- 
ameter and  6-foot  stroke,  and  use  steam  at  a 
pressure  of  100  pounds.  The  finishing  shaft 
has  journals  21  inches  diameter,  and  is  of  a 
total  length  of  23  feet  6  inches.  The  total 
weight  of  the  engines  is  nearly  300  tons. 

Added  Territory.— By  the  re-survey  of  the 
boundary- line  between  Nevada  and  California, 
the  latter  gains  a  strip  over  200  miles  long  and 
three-quarters  of  a  mile  wide. 


Fossil  Remains  in  Oregon. 

The  John  Bay  region  in  Oregon  was  the 
scene  in  the  Princeton  University  scientific  ex- 
pedition last  summer,  and  as  a  result  a  grand 
collection  of  fossils  was  obtained. 

From  the  Blue  mountains  westward  to  the 
Oascadea  the  country  is  a  great  volcanic 
plateau,  made  up  of  lava  sheets  piled  one  upon 
another  and  indioating  ancient  volcanic  out- 
bursts upon  a  stupendous  scale,  in  comparison 
with  which  such  vents  as  iE^tna  and  Vesuvius 
are  the  merest  pygmies.  Tbroagh  this  mass  of 
lava  tbe  streams,  aided  by  the  atmosphere, 
have  out  deep  valleys,  some  of  them  broad  and 
open,  others  deep,  gloomy  canyons. 

This  country  is  very  dry,  bat  the  soil  is  ex- 
cellent, and  where  irrigated  it  produces  well, 
the  vegetables  and  fruit  being  of  particularly 
fine  quality.  Great  acres  that  are  now  arid 
sagebrush  deserts  will  one  day  be  turned  into 
fertile  farms  by  means  of  artesian  wells,  and 
the  mild  climate  will  insure  success.  At  pres- 
ent tbe  great  industry  ia  wool-raising.  The 
enormous  bands  of  sheep  utterly  destroy  the 
grass  of  the  country  over  which  they  range,  till 
it  looks  as  if  a  plagae  of  locusts  had  visited  it. 

The  scientific  attraction  in  the  John  Day  re- 
gion ia  the  vast  assemblage  of  fossil  animals 
which  is  entombed  In  the  rocks  there,  l^is 
entire  district  was  in  a  former  geological  age 
the  bed  of  a  great  fresh-water  lake,  into  which 
the  streams  brought  masses  of  sand  and  mad 
and  volcanoes  showered  cinders  and  ashes. 
Animals  whioh  were  swept  into  the  lake  in  the 
times  of  flood  became  covered  with  silt,  and  as 
the  latter  was  in  the  course  of  ages  consolidat- 
ed into  rock,  the  bones  of  the  victims  were 
gradually  petrified  and  thus  indefinitely  pre- 
served. Now  the  rock  is  slowly  disintegrated 
by  the  action  of  the  rain,  snow  and  frost,  and 
the  bones  exposed  to  view  or  even  washed  en- 
tirely out.  For  the  most  part,  however,  the 
speoimens  must  be  cut  out  with  pick,  hammer 
and  chisel,  a  very  laborious  process,  aa  tbe  rock 
is  often  extremely  hard  and  the  blazing  sum- 
mer sun  makes  the  faoe  of  a  white  cliff  any- 
thing but  an  ideally  comfortable  place. 

Oould  we  produce  a  view  of  that  ancient 
Oregon  when  the  John  Day  lake  existed,  we 
should  find  ourselves  in  a  very  strange  animal 
world;  little  three-toed  horses  hardly  larger 
than  donkeys,  rhinooerosea,  camels,  peooaries — 
a  great  assemblage  of  large  and  fierce  cat-like, 
dog-like  and  hyena-like  animals — not  to  men- 
tion hosts  of  little  rabbit  and  squirrel  like 
creatures.  The  animals  of  this  time  were  all 
rather  small,  the  largest  being  the  entelodon, 
a  beast  not  anlike  the  hippopotamus  in  size  and 
general  appearance.  As  the.  list  shows,  this 
assemblage  has  a  very  Oriental  character,  and 
this  wonderful  museum  of  a  buried  world  baa 
been  sealed  up  by  subsequent  lava  floods,  and 
is  now  accessible  only  on  the  sides  of  deep  can- 
yons cut  through  the  overlying  masses  of  vol- 
canic detritus. — Scientific  American. 


Book-Making  in  Japan. 

We  recently  described  in  these  columns  the 
peculiar  manner  in  which  a  Japanese  artist 
works  to  produce  paintings  and  drawings.  We 
now  give  the  equally  curious  manner  in  which 
thoae  peculiar  people  write,  or  rather  paint, 
their  books.  We  copy  from  the  American 
Bookmaker:  Having  resolved  to  '*  paint"  a 
book — for,  as  all  the  world  knows,  the  Japan- 
ese use  a  brush,  and  not  a  pen — the  author  be- 
takes him  to  his  workroom.  It  is  a  little  room, 
a  very  little  room.  "  Six  mats"  is  its  Japanese 
measurement,  and  a  mat  is  about  six  feet  by 
four.  It  is  full  of  soft,  dull  light  which  pulses 
from  a  square  white  paper  lantern;  the  low, 
bright  wooden  ceiling  gives  back  a  pale  brown 
gleam  here  and  there.  There  ia  a  silvery  glint 
in  the  frail  paneled  walla,  and  in  a  warm  gray 
shadowed  recess  a  gold  Baddha  crosses  his  feet 
and  stretches  forth  his  palms,  smiling  gently 
upon  the  lotas  which  he  holds.  In  another  re- 
cess stand  the  curious  vesaela  of  iron  and  olay 
and  bamboo  for  the  tea  ceremony. 

The  author  sits  on  the  floor  in  a  flowing  gar- 
ment of  brown  silk  lined  with  blue,  hie  legs  dis- 
posed comfortably  under  him.  In  front  of  him 
stands  a  lacquered  table  about  a  foot,  and  upon 
it  his  writing  materials,  whioh  are  aa  idyllic  as 
his  surroundings — his  paper  is  delicately  tinted 
yellow,  with  blue  lines  running  up  and  down. 
His  inkstand  is  a  carved  ebony  slab,  with  one 
end  hollowed  out  for  water  to  rub  his  cube  of 
india  ink  in,  and  holds  the  four  or  five  daintily 
decorated  bamboo  brushes  which  are  his  pens. 
Naturally  he  does  not  write  his  novel;  he  paints 
it.  Beginning  at  the  end  of  the  whole,  at  the 
left  of  every  page  and  at  the  top  of  every  line, 
atraight  down  between  the  two  blue  parallels 
his  small  brown  hand  goes,  with  quick,  deli- 
cate, dark  touches.  Although  this  novelist's 
*' copy"  might  seem  to  a  stranger  to  be  dainti 
ness  itself,  yet  he  always  has  it  duplicated 
"by  an  artist"  before  sending  it  to  the  pub- 
Ushers,  the  success  of  the  book  depending  so 
largely  upon  its  artistic  forth-bringing.  The 
"artist"  to  whom  the  **copy"  is  now  intrusted 
proceeds  to  repaint  the  long  series  of  word-pict- 
ures with  a  professional  dexterity  which  is 
something  astonishing. 

The  carious  letter  characters  whioh  have 
been,  and  not  inaptly,  compared  to  "  cross 
boxes  playing  cricket,"  are  thrown  upon  the 
paper  with  bewildering  rapidity.  To  snob  an 
**  artist,"  the  straight  up  and  down,  rasping, 


scratching,  spattering  movement  of  the  Oc- 
cidental pen  muat  be  something  fearfal. 

The  next  step  in  the  making  of  this  book  ia 
to  send  tbe  artistic  reprodnction  of  the  author's 
"  copy"  to  the  wood  engraver — a  man  of  mar- 
velous skill — whose  duty  it  is  to  prepare  the  re- 
lief blocks,  a  task  which  he  performs  with  ex- 
traordinary faithfulness  to  the  original. 

The  printing  is  extremely  simple.  The  ink 
ia  distributed  with  a  brush,  the  paper  laid 
upon  the  block,  a  feather,  fashioned  from  a 
palm  leaf,  passed  over  it  and  the  thing  is  done. 

The  binding  is  of  the  simplest  kind.  The 
Japanese  public,  anlike  the  book-lovers  of  the 
West,  care  little  for  that  feature.  A  plain  pa- 
per cover  suffices,  with  the  title  in  the  left  up* 
per  corner  of  the  verso. 

But  the  arrangements  with  tbe  publishers  are 
simply  delicious.  Said  a  Japanese  author  in 
answer  to  the  icqairy  of  a  European  friend:  *'  I 
pay  the  publisher  myself;  I  do  not  mind  losing 
by  my  own  work,  but  I  will  not  permit  an- 
other person  to  make  money  by  it."  Think  of 
it  I  Think  of  it,  ye  Murrays,  Macmillans, 
Harpers  and  Appletona  I  Here's  dignity  of 
authorship  for  you.  What  a  frnitless  task  a 
Western  barbarian  wonld  have  were  he  to  at- 
tempt to  explain  to  such  childlike  simplicity  as 
this  that  the  true  dignity  of  authorship  de- 
mands competition  among  publishers — imme- 
diate retarna  and  freedom  from  tbe  risk  of 
fickle  public  taste. 

A  Reported  Arctic  Discovery  has  been  com- 
municated by  Captain  George  B.  Leavitt,  of 
the  whaling  ship  Spy,  of  the  Pacific  Steam 
Whaling  Company.  He  recently  arrived  from 
Alaska,  where  he  has  been  for  five  years.  He 
brings  the  first  news,  of  what  may  possibly  be 
the  discovery  of  hitherto  unknown  land,  many 
miles  directly  north  of  Alaska.  Daring  a  cruise 
of  one  of  the  vessels  of  the  whaling  fleet,  which 
ventured  many  miles  farther  north  than  any 
others,  a  few  years  ago,  the  offioera  diacovered 
land  that  could  not  be  found  on  any  of  the 
charts  or  accounted  for  in  any  way.  A  gale 
drove  the  vessel  far  north  along  the  shore  of 
the  land,  but  the  season  was  so  late  that  the 
men  did  not  stop  to  explore.  The  men  held  it 
was  unknown  land  worthy  of  exploration  at  the 
proper  season.  No  veaaels  since  then  have  been 
so  far  north.  Leavitt  thinks  this  may  settle 
the  question  of  an  open  polar  sea  and  ioe  drifts 
south  of  Point  Barrow.  He  says  the  ice  mast 
find  an  outlet  some  other  place. 

Where  American  Art  is  Appreciated, — 
Some  of  tbe  French  artists  at  the  Exposition 
range  the  foreign  paintinga  as  follows,  with 
regard  to  their  respective  merits:  The  tlnited 
States,  Austria-Hungary,  Holland.  Belgium, 
England,  Spain,  Denmark,  Italy,  Polittos  may 
account  for  the  poor  representation  of  Italy, 
and  perhaps  the  close  imitation  of  French  work 
performed  with  astonishing  dexterity  by  our 
young  artists  in  Paris  may  have  something  to 
do  with  the  place  of  the  United  States  at  the 
top  of  the  list.  Spain  bad  a  fine  show  and 
disputed  the  first  place  with  the  United  States, 
but  Spanish  art  is  mainly  the  work  of  a  few 
men,  whereas  from  America  many  bail.  But 
throughout  all  the  foreign  section,  with  the 
exception  of  Great  Britain  and  Holland,  all 
that  was  good  showed  tbe  influence  of  France. 
Holland  has  a  distinctive  style  of  its  own  and 
not  a  bad  one. 


An  Experiment  Showing  How  Primary 
Colors  Proddce  White  —Cut  a  circle  of 
pasteboard  nine  inches  across.  Divide  it  into 
four  parts;  then  divide  each  of  these  into  seven. 
With  bright,  clear  water-colors  .paint  these 
narrow  pie-shaped  slips  with  red,  orange, 
yellow,  green,  blue,  violet,  indigo,  in  this 
order;  then  begin,  and  do  this  in  each  quarter. 
Put  a  round,  smooth  nail  or  pin  through  the 
center  of  the  disk  vhere  the  points  of  the 
colors  meet;  drive  this  into  a  heavy  board  edge 
and  whirl  it  around  as  fast  aa  yon  can.  The 
colore  diaappear,  and  yoa  see  a  round  but 
rather  dirty  white  circle.  If  the  oolors  were 
pure  it  would  be  pure  white;  if  they  were  really 
priamatio  you  wonld  have  a  little  shining  white 
moon  of  light. — National  Educator. 


An  Important  Photographic  Discovert  is 
reported  to  have  recently  been  made  by  Mrs. 
N.  Grey  Bartlett  of  Chicago,  tbe  wife  of  a 
prominent  analytic  chemist,  by  which  photo- 
graphs can  be  developed  without  the  old-time 
process  of  washing  in  a  dark  room  for  hours  and 
staining  the  fingers.  By  her  process  there  is 
nothing  to  be  done  but  to  expose  for  a  few 
minutes  the  negative,  with  tbe  sheet  of  paper 
clapped  on  it  for  a  few  minutes,  to  the  light. 
The  pictures  produced  by  Mrs.  Bartlett's  proc- 
ess are  said  to  have  the  appearance  of  fine 
etchings.  The  development  eolation  ia  sus- 
tained with  ruby  dye,  which  prevents  white 
light  from  reaching  the  plate  after  being  im- 
mersed in  the  liquid. 

An  Apparatus  for  Producing  Electricity. 
A  very  simple  apparatus  for  obtaining  an 
electric  spark  is  made  by  a  German  physicist. 
Round  the  center  of  a  common  lamp  chimney 
is  pasted  a  strip  of  tin  foil,  and  another  strip 
pasted  from  one  end  of  the  chimney  to  within 
a  quarter  of  an  inch  of  this  ring.  Then  a  piece 
of  silk  is  wrapped  around  a  brush,  and  the  in- 
terior of  the  chimney  is  rubbed  briskly.  In 
the  dark,  a  bright  electric  spark  may  be  seen  to 
pass  from  one  piece  of  tin  foil  to  the  other  each 
time  the  brush  is  withdrawn  from  the  chimney. 
Many  other  experiments  uan  be  tried  with  thii 
apparatus. 


Jan.  4.  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  ^^ress. 


ELECTPjeiT/, 


The  Future  of  Electricity. 

Thomas  A.  Kdisoo  said.  In  an  Interview  with 
a  reporter  of  the  PitteburK  Dhpatch:  "  Vou 
aak  me  about  the  future  of  electricity.  It  is 
the  coming  motlve*power.  It  will  be  used  on 
all  the  railroade  some  day,  but  the  point  is  to 
get  an  economical  engine.  My  theory  is  to 
bfive  immense  dynamos  located  all  along  the 
line  of  the  road,  and  have  the  eleotricity  con- 
veyed  from  these  stationary  engin«>8  to  the 
looomotiTes  by  wires  through  the  rails.  For 
example,  I  would  put  two  big  engines  between 
New  York  and  Philadelphia,  and  enough  power 
could  be  furnished  to  whiak  the  limited  at  the 
rate  of  100  miles  per  hour. 

"Bat  this  is  the  point  I  have  been  working 
on  for  years — to  convert  heat  directly  into 
electricity  without  the  intervention  of  boilere, 
steam  and  all  that.  What  an  enormouB  amount 
of  expense  conld  be  saved  if  this  could  be  done! 
Think  of  patting  something  into  the  heat  of 
that  nataral-gas  tire  and  making  eleotricity  out 
of  it.  It  can  be  done.  I  feel  it  in  my  bones, 
and  just  now  I  have  a  suspicion  that  I  am  on 
the  right  track  ;  but  it  is  a  pesky  problem — one 
that  can  be  worked  out  only  In  time. 

"  I  have  been  experimenting  with  an  electric 
road  in  New  Jersey.  I  bad  rails  laid  as  they 
put  them  down  on  railroade,  but  the  machine 
would  ran  off  the  track  in  going  around  the 
curves.  I  then  raised  the  curve  to  an  angle  of 
40  degree?,  and  the  motor  went  around  all 
right.  It  looked  aa  if  the  engine  would  topple 
over,  but  it  didn't.  You  know  in  a  centrifugal 
machine  yon  can  make  a  car  go  clear  around  a 
circle  in  the  air  without  leaving  the  track." 


arranged  that  each  parcel  of  aimilar  size,  as  in 
tea  cargoes,  registers  as  it  closes  the  eU'ctriual 
oonneotion.  The  same  device  can  be  applied  in 
a  pork'packing  establishment,  or  in  any  pUce 
where  it  is  necessary  to  record  repeated  action. 

Temperinc  the  Electric  Lu:ut. — The  elec- 
tric light  has  now  been  long  enough  in  nee  in 
our  houses,  theaters  and  public  places  to  lose 
the  right  to  claim  any  special  privileges  or  im- 
munities as  a  novelty  or  a  plaything.  Will 
some  one  kindly  notice  that  there  is  nearly  al- 
ways too  much  of  it?  No  sooner  was  gas  laid 
on  than  people  who  had  oonteutedly  read  their 
book  by  the  tight  of  a  single  flickering  candle 
must  have  gas-jets  equal  to  15  or  20  candles. 
Now,  if  there  is  not  a  regular  sunburst  of  100* 
candle  power,  the  same  people  feel  that  they 
are  in  the  dark.  It  is  too,  too  much.  At  one 
or  two  theaters,  for  instance,  you  can't  enjoy 
the  comfort  you  would  othetwise  derive  from 
the  diminished  heat  and  improved  ventilatiou, 
because  of  the  glaring  noditorium  lights  that 
strike  you  blind. — New  York  Tribune. 


WuAT  Branceiks  Employ  Electric  Weld- 
ing.— At  present,  eleotric  welding  machines  in 
different  parts  of  the  country  are  being  nsed  in 
the  following  capacities:  Axle  welding,  car- 
riage gears,  fifth  wheels,  twisted  wire  cables, 
welding  tafe  ends  of  boilers,  wagon  tires,  hoops 
for  barrels;  it  Is  also  used  for  joining  wires  of 
copper,  iron,  steel  and  German  silver  together 
in  like  metals  and  different  combinations;  bars 
of  metal  may  be  joined  at  angles,  aa  T  or  Y 
joints;  welding  eye  rings  to  the  end  of  bars; 
making  rings  of  precious  metals,  uniting  steel 
with  iron  in  the  manufacture  of  agricultural 
implements,  tools,  etc.;  lengthening  or  short- 
ening rods,  bars,  screws,  or  bolts;  welding  of 
cast-iron  pieces  in  the  general  conatruction  of 
machinery,  such  as  frames,  fittings,  etc.  Elec- 
tric machines  are  also  nsed  in  welding  boiler 
plates  and  other  sheet  metal  and  thereby  re- 
places the  ordinary  method  of  riveting.  These 
machines  are  suitable  for  clamping  devices,  for 
electric  soldering,  brazing,  forging  or  bending 
of  metals.  The  electricians  in  thra  establish- 
ment  of  the  Thomson  Electric  Welding  Com- 
pany of  Bo&ton  are  now  experimentiog  on  radi- 
ator and  general  brazing,  on  riveting  machines 
which,  it  is  claimed,  will  cause  a  complete  rev- 
olution in  Ihe  old  methods  of  riveting,  aa  by 
electricity  the  riveting  can  be  done  so  aa  to 
avoid  all  leaking.  One  of  the  latest  and  moat 
satiBfactory  developments  baa  been  that  of 
welding  chain.  The  company  claims  that  a 
great  merit  to  the  electrically  welded  chain 
links  is  that  when  subjected  to  a  fracturing 
load  the  limb  will  break  away  from  the  weld, 
whereas  when  welded  by  ordinary  proceaseB  it 
almost  invariably  breaks  at  the  weld. 

Progress  of  Electric  Welding.  ~  The 
Thomson  Electric  Welding  Company,  at  their 
Lynn  works,  have  within  a  few  weeks  been 
able  to  weld  wire  cable  I  5  16  inches  in  di- 
ameter for  a  oable  to  be  nsed  on  a  cable  rail- 
road,showing  greater  efficiency  than  waa  thought 
possible  in  doing  this  very  difficult  work. 
Although  the  strength  of  joints  obtained  by 
splicing  was  about  30  per  cent  that  of  the 
original  cable,  yet  it  was  found  from  testa  made 
at  the  Watertown  arsenal  of  electric  welds 
made  of  thla  cable  that  87  per  cent  of  the  effi- 
ciency of  the  rope  iteelf  had  been  obtained  in 
these  welds.  The  same  company  writes  to  the 
Pittsburg  Reduction  Company  in  regard  to 
welding  aluminum  by  electricity  as  follows  : 
We  have  made  tests  of  the  aluminum  which 
you  are  producing,  and  ffnd  that  it  welds  with- 
oat  the  least  difficulty.  We  have  a  special  ma- 
chine biylt  for  this  work.  The  welda  are  very 
rapidly  made  and  submit  to  the  various  teats 
and  with  most  satisfactory  results.  We  can 
weld  the  aluminum  of  any  section  or  size.  It 
simply  depends  upon  the  class  of  machine  built 
for  the  purpose  and  the  horse-power  required. 

An  Electric  Register. — New  electric  de- 
Ticea  are  being  brought  out  almost  every  day,  a 
featnre  characteristic  of  the  electrical  industry 
and  its  development.  The  latest  invention, 
and  one  that  has  not  yet  been  made  public,  is 
the  "electrical  register."  It  is  intended  to  be 
used  for  a  variety  of  purpoaea.  A  seriea  of 
buttons  along  the  inside  of  a  horse  car  within 
easy  reach  for  the  conductor,  connect  with  the 
register  at  the  end  of  the  car  in  somewhat  the 
same  manner  as  the  present  existing  arrange- 
ment. By  pressing  one  of  these  buttons  the 
fare  is  registered  and  the  announcing  bell  ringa 
BimultaneouBly.  In  the  system  used  at  present 
the  conductor  pnlla  the  leather  strap  which 
rings  the  bell  and  the  fare  is  registered  by  the 
return  action  of  the  belt.  It  ia  said  that  in  the 
present  method  the  gong  can  be  rnng  without 
registering  the  fare  by  skillful  manipulation. 
Agaibi  in  unloading  a  ship,  switohes  can  be  so 


Electrical  Utilization  ok  Wa^te  Heat. — 
A  very  interesting  paper  was  recently  read  be- 
fore the  South  Stafford  Institute  of  Iron  Steel 
Works  Managers  at  Dudley,  England,  on  *'  The 
Application  of  Electtijity  to  Works  and  Mills." 
The  reader  stated  that  there  was  everything  to 
recommend  an  electrical  transmission  plant. 
Waste  heat  from  blast  furnaces  could  be  need 
miles  away;  steam  boilers  could  be  placed  near 
the  colliery  to  save  hauling  the  coal;  the  power 
of  a  river  or  stream  could  be  uaedand  hundreds 
of  horse-power  conveyed  along  email  copper 
wires,  while  the  places  could  be  I'ghted  by  elec- 
tricity at  a  very  low  cost. 

Electricity  vs.  Oil. — A  report  received  at 
Washington  from  Guatemala  states  that  since 
the  introduction  of  electric  lighting  into  the 
towns  of  that  country,  there  has  been  a  large 
diminution  in  the  importation  of  mineral  oils. 
Id  the  capital  of  the  Republic,  with  a  popula- 
tion of  70,000,  and  in  Qaezaltenango,  with 
30,000,  the  consumption  ot  oil  has  fallen  off 
one-half.  At  San  Joae,  Rstalhulen  and  Anti- 
gua, the  substitution  of  electric  lights  for  oil 
illumination  has  been  in  a  still  larger  proportion. 


Paint  for  Incandescent  Lamps  — Electric 
incandescent  lamps  are  sometimes  used  in  the 
dark'rooma  of  photographers;  and  in  order  to 
reuder  the  light  non-actinic,  it  is  recommended 
that  the  bulbs  should  be  painted  over  with  a 
mixture  of  the  red  **  fuschine  "  in  negative  var- 
nish. It  may  be  remarked  that  the  lower  the 
current  the  redder  the  light  from  an  incandes- 
cent lamp  is,  and  hence  the  leas  need  there  is 
for  the  paint. 

Electricity  for  Expanding  Hoops  an^ 
Whj^el  Tires. — An  American  electrician  ha^ 
devised  a  method  of  expanding  hoopa  and  whee^ 
tires  by  heating  them  with  the  electric  current. 
It  is  claimed  for  the  new  process  that  the  heat 
is  more  uniformly  distributed  than  with  gaa 
furnacea  or  pilea  of  embers.  The  current  is 
brought  by  wirea  connected  to  opposite  points 
on  the  tire,  and  divides  equally  through  each 
half  of  the  ring. 

Electric  Lighting  in  England, — Lord  Bal- 
four of  Burleigh,  the  Parliamentary  Secretary 
of  the  British  Board  of  Trade,  states  that  the 
board  has  been  overwhelmed  this  year  with  ap 
plicitioDs  under  the  Electric  Lighting  Acts  of 
1S82  to  18SS  for  provisional  ordera  to  sanction 
the  production  and  supply  of  electric  lighting 
in  alt  parts  of  the  United  Kingdom.  Already 
the  number  of  applications  haa  reached  430. 


300D   HEj^LTH. 


Engraving  by  Electricity. — Engraving  on 
glass  and  crystal  ia  now  succeaafully  accom- 
pllshed.  The  glasa  is  covered  with  a  concen- 
trated solution  of  nitrate  of  potash  and  put  i|f 
connection  with  one  of  the  poles  of  the  battery, 
and  the  design  ia  traced  out  with  a  fine  plat- 
inum point  connected  with  the  other  pole.  By 
this  process  it  is  claimed  that  marvelously  deli- 
cate work  can  be  done. 


Chemical  and  Frictional  Electricity. — 
Some  one  asks  what  ia  the  difference  between 
eleotricity  generated  by  chemical  process  and 
that  generated  by  friction,  magoeta  and  other- 
wise ?  The  answer  given  is  that  the  difference 
consists  in  tension  or  potential;  fricttora^  elec- 
tricity haa  very  high  tension  compared  with  that 
generated  by  a  battery. 

The  Storage  Battery  harnessed  to  the 
windmill  is  sure  to  become  of  great  service  in 
driving  the  machinery  of  future  generations. 
Before  very  long  more  attention  will  have  to  be 
given  to  the  yoking  of  the  win^s,  waves  and 
tides  to  the  driving  shafts  of  our  Industrial 
worka  to  supplement  the  storage-reaervoirs  of 
the  ooal  mines. 


'cl 


A  Novel  Cough  Remedy. 

The  following  is  from  a  doctor  connected  with 
an  institution  with  many  children  :  *'  There 
is  nothing  more  irritable  to  a  cough  than  a 
cough.  For  some  time  I  had  been  so  fully  as- 
sured of  this  that  I  determined,  for  one  minute 
at  least,  to  lessen  the  number  of  coughs  heard 
in  a  certain  ward  in  a  hospital  of  the  institu- 
tion. By  the  promise  of  rewards  and  punish- 
ments, I  Bucceedod  in  inducing  them  to  simply 
hold  their  breath  when  tempted  to  cough,  and 
in  a  Uttle  while  I  was  myself  surprised  to  see 
how  some  of  the  children  entirely  recovered 
from  their  disease.  Constant  coughing  is  pre- 
cisely like  scratching  a  wound  on  the  outside  of 
the  body.  So  long  as  it  is  done  the  wound  will 
not  heal.  Let  a  person  when  tempted  to  cough 
draw  a  long  breath  and  hold  it  until  it  warms 
and  soothes  every  air  cell,  and  some  benefit  will 
soon  be  received  from  this  process.  The  nitro- 
gen which  is  thoB  refioed  acts  aa  an  anodyne  to 
the  mucous  membrane,  allaying  the  desire  to 
cough  and  giving  the  throat  and  lunga  a  chance 
to  heal.  At  the  eame  time  a  suitable  medicine 
will  aid  Nature  in  her  effort  to  recuperate," 


Melting  Iron  by  Electricity.  —  In  a 
foundry  near  Moscow,  so  intense  a  beat  is  ob- 
tained by  means  of  electricity  that  metals  can 
be  fused  almost  instantaneously.  The  glare, 
however,  of  the  electric  light  produces  such 
painful  effects  that  the  workmen  refuse  to  work 
for  more  than  two  hours  a  day. 


AreAsi'UAlt  Fumes  Injurious  to  Health? 
In  the  Circuit  Court  at  Buffalo,  N.  Y,,  a  few 
weeks  since,  the  trial  waa  begun  of  an  action 
brought  by  Michael  Kavanaugh  against  the 
Birber  Asphalt  Company.  The  case  is  the  re- 
sult of  the  agitation  on  account  of  the  odor 
arising  from  the  asphalt  works,  Rsaidenta  of 
the  Weat  Side  have  complained  of  it  for  a  long 
time.  Mr.  Kavanaugh  lives  with  his  family  at 
347  Fourth  street,  and  claims  that  the  emell  ia 
injuring  their  health.  He  allegea,  too,  that  it 
caused  the  death  of  his  daughter.  Dr.  F.  W. 
Birtlett  was  a  witness,  and  his  evidence  waa 
directed  to  show  how  the  odor  from  the  worka 
might  have  led  to  consumption,  the  disease  of 
which  Mr.  Kavanaugh'a  daughter  died.  Raai- 
dents  of  the  vicinity  were  called  to  the  stand  to 
testify  concerning  thfir  experiences  with  the 
same  odor.  Richard  H.  Ferguson  of  105  Mary- 
land street  swore  that  it  had  a  auffocating effect 
on  him,  Mr.  Kavanaugh  demands  $10,000 
damages . 

The  European  Epidemic— Telegraphic  re- 
ports eay  that  a  frequent  sequel  to  caaes  of  in- 
ffuenza  at  Vienna  is  an  attack  of  inffammation 
of  the  lunga.  A  number  of  pnrsona  in  the  hos- 
pital lately  suffering  from  influenza  have  been 
stricken  with  inflammation  of  the  lunga  and 
several  of  them  have  died.  The  influeDzahas 
made  its  appearance  in  a  Joerait  school  at  Kalee- 

burg,  the  pupils  of  which  are  children  of  con- 
servative aristocrats.  Sixty-eight  acholarehave 
been  attackpd.  At  Brussels,  according  to  dis- 
patches of  Dae.  24th,  the  epidemic  ia  rapidly 
spreading.  Thirty  per  cent  of  the  school 
children  were  then  suffdring  and  the  achoola 
were  all  cloaed.  The  diaeaae  has  apread  to  all 
the  Government  offices  and  many  ofiBcials  are 
prostrated.  In  Paris  at  the  above  date,  iifla- 
enza  reigned  supreme.  There  were  said  to  be 
over  300,000  persons  in  that  city  alone  suffering 
from  the  epidemic. 

A  Posi5iBLE  Cause  of  Sleeplessness.— A 
physician,  writing  to  the  Medical  and  Surgical 
Reporter^  says:  *' From  some  experience  in 
my  own  family  lam  led  to  suspect  that  quite 
often  aleeplessnesB  may  be  due  to  a  closely  fit- 
ting night-dreas,  I  observed  in  the  case  of 
my  own  child,  that  whenever  the  night-dress 
waa  buttoned  tightly  about  the  throat,  she  was 
sure  to  have  an  attack  of  night  terrors;  and 
that  she  never  had  them  when  the  throat  was 
left  free  and  open.  In  certain  positions  of  the 
head,  the  neatly  fittiog  band  would  ocoaaion 
constriction  of  the  throat,  whence  arose  me- 
chanical congestion  of  the  brain,  which  gave 
rise  to  the  *  terrors.'  A  night  dresa  cloaely  fit- 
ting  around  the  throat  ia  a  vicious  thing,  and 
gives  rise  to  cerebral  congestion,  which  may 
suddenly  explode  in  a  convulaion,  but  much 
oftener,  I  apprehend,  take  the  form  of  night 
terrora."      

Excessive  Humidity  and  Health.-— It  ia 
consoling  to  Californiana  just  at  thia  time  to 
learn  from  good  medical  au-thority  that  exces- 
sive humidity  ia  not  injorious  to  health.  The 
human  race,  like  the  wheat  plant,  can  stand 
almost  any  quantity  of  water,  Ifc  ia  bad  for 
that  class  of  maladies  which  physicians  group 
uoder  the  head  of  rheumatism,  but  it  is  not 
necessarily  injurious  to  delicate  throats  or 
lunga,  and  it  is  positively  beneficial  to  persona 
who  are  liable  to  diaturbancea  of  the  stomach. 
We  believe  that  the  death  rate  in  thia  State 
has  not  apparently  been  increased  by  the  exces- 
sive raina  of  the  last  few  weeks. 


The  Maximum  Power  generated  by  an  elec- 
tric motor  ia  usually  considered  TShorae 
power;  but  experiments  indicate  that  lOO-horse 
power  will  be  reached. 

Somebody  aays  that  an  electric  wire  is  an 
ugly  thing  when  anything  serious  croeaes  it. 


tJSEFUL   iNFORJVlATIOlvJ. 
To  Distinguish  Amber. 

Amber  may  be  distinguished  from  its  imita- 
tions by  the  following  characteriatics:  Copal  ia 
yellow  and  always  of  a  uniform  color,  while 
amber  ia  generally  ahaded  and  striped  or 
cloudy,  and  when  rubbed  with  the  palm  of  the 
hand,  it  evolves  an  aromatic  odor,  which  is  not 
the  case  with  copal  or  artificial  amber.  Amber 
when  coated  with  tallow,  and  held  over  the 
lire  a  few  minutes,  may  be  bent,  while  its  sub- 
stitutes remain  rigid.  It  is  crushed  with  diffi- 
culty, cannot  bs  abraded  or  scratched  with  fin- 
gsr-nail;  it  can  be  cut,  filed,  sawed  and  pol- 
ished, but  it  cannot  be  welded,  like  oopal  or 
artificial  amber. 

To  Unite  Broken  Pieces  of  Amber. 
Coat  with  linseed  oil  the  surfaces  that  are  to 
be  united;  hold  the  oiled  parts  carefully  over  a 
charcoal  fire,  a  few  hot  cinders,  or  a  gaalight, 
being  careful  to  cover  up  all  the  rest  of  the  ob- 
ject loosely  with  paper.  When  the  oiled  parts 
have  begun  to  feel  the  heat  so  as  to  be  sticky, 
press  and  clamp  them  together  and  keep  them 
so  until  nearly  cold.  Only  that  part  where  the 
edges  are  to  be  united  must  be  warmed,  and 
even  that  with  care  lest  the  form  or  polish  of 
the  other  parts  shonld  be  disturbed;  the  part 
where  the  joint  oconrs  generally  requires  to  be 
repolished. 

To  Make  a  Whetstone. — It  is  easy  to  make 
a  stone  for  sharpening  tools  and  to  make  it  suf- 
fioiently  hard,  and  give  it  the  *'bite"  desired. 
Take  gelatine  of  a  very  good  quality,  which 
melt  in  an  ( qual  quantity  of  water.  The  operation 
should  be  performed  in  darkness,  aa  daylight  is 
iojurioua  to  gelatine.  When  melted,  add  1^ 
per  cent  of  bi-carbonate  of  potash  previonsly 
dissolved.  Then  take  about  nine  times,  by 
weight,  the  quantity  of  gelatine  employed  of 
very  fine  emery  and  pulverized  flintstone, 
which  mix  intimately  with  the  dissolved  gela- 
tine. Mold  the  cbualned  paste  according  to  the 
desired  form,  and  press  it  in  as  hard  as  possible 
to  consolidate  the  maaa  well.  After  it  has  been 
dried  in  the  sun,  you  will  have  a  first-olaaa 
stone  for  sharpening. 


Disease  Gekms,  according  to  Medical  Clas- 
sics, are  very  tenacious  of  vitality,  and  their 
destruction  ia  not  always  easy  of  accompliah- 
ment.  The  reaearchea  of  recent  yeara  show 
that  many  o^  the  aubatances  thna  far  relied 
upon  as  disinfectants  have  no  power  to  destroy 
diaeaae-cauaing  bacteria. 

A  "Hoop  Snake."— A  aoientiat  says  that 
there  is  such  a  thing  as  a  hoop-snake,  but  that 
it  doesn't  roll  like  a  hoop.  It  simply  makes  a 
sacceaBion  of  loops,  like  the  inch-worm,  but  so 
rapidly  that  it  aeema  to  roll  around  like  a  hoop. 


Old  Silver. — To  imitate  old  artistic  produc- 
tions made  of  solid  silver,  the  groundwork  and 
hollow  portions  not  subject  to  friction  are 
covered  with  a  blackish-red  earthy  coat,  the 
parts  In  relief  remain  with  a  bright  lead  luster. 
Mix  a  paste  of  floely-powdered  plumbago  with 
essence  of  turpentine,  to  which  a  email  portion 
of  red  ocher  may  be  added  to  imitate  the  copper 
tinge  of  certain  old  silverware;  smear  thia  all 
over  the  articles.  After  drying,  gently  rub 
with  a  soft  brush,  and  the  reliefs  are  aet  off  by 
cleaning  with  a  rag  dipped  in  spirits  of  wine. 
To  give  the  old  silver  tinge  to  small  articles, 
such  as  buttons  and  rings,  throw  them  into  the 
above  paste,  rub  in  a  bag  with  a  large  quantity 
of  dry  boxwood  eawduat  until  the  desired  shade 
is  obtained. 

Slow-drying  Glue  ia  stronger  than  qaick- 
drying,  and  for  general  use  uo  method  gives 
such  good  reaulta  aa  the  following:  Break  the 
glne  small  and  cover  it  with  water  in  an  iron 
Kettle  and  let  it  soak  twelve  hours;  after  soak- 
ing, boil  till  done,  then  pour  it  into  an  air*tigbt 
box,  and  when  cold,  cover  it  tight.  As  it  is 
r(  quired,  cut  out  a  portion  and  melt  in  the 
usual  way,  exposing  no  more  of  the  made  glue 
to  the  atmoaphere  than  is  necessary,  aa  the 
atmosphere  ia  iDJurious  to  made  glue.  Of 
courae  it  should  never  be  subjected  to  direct 
heat.  It  is  better  to  use  glue  quite  thin,  work- 
ing it  into  the  wood,  rather  than  too  thick. 
Except  in  veneering,  glue  both  surfaces,  and 
never  have  the  wood  heated. 


In  Stave  Dressing,  twelve  co-laborers  with 
a  machine  can  dress  12,000  staves  in  the  same 
time  that  the  same  number  of  workers  by 
hand  could  dress  2500  staves.  Nearly  all  the 
staves  in  this  country  are  made  in  Indiana, 
Michigan,  Northwestern  Ohio  and  Canada, 
Indiana  turns  out  about  75,000.000,  Michigan 
600,000,000,  Canada  200.000,000.  and  North- 
weatern  Ohio  makea  a  big  third  of  all  the  staves 
uaed  in  the  United  States.  In  Northwestern 
Ohio  there  are  more  staves  made  to-day  than 
ever  before.  The  busineas  has  been  doubled 
within  the  last  ten  yeara. 


How  to  Clean  Pearls  and  Coral,  —  Set 
pearls  which  have  become  discolored  by  wear 
may  often  be  improved  by  placing  in  a  covered 
vessel  with  a  mixture  of  whiting,  ammonia  and 
water,  and  permitting  them  to  remain  a  few 
hours.  Coral  may  be  cleaned  by  soaking  in 
soda  and  water  for  some  houra,  A  lather  of  aoap 
ia  then  made  and  brushed  upon  the  ooral  with 
the  aoftest  of  hair  brushes,  A  frequent  chang- 
ing of  water  is  desirable. 

Cement  for  Aquarium  — Each  one  pound  of 
litharge,  fine  white  sand,  and  plaster  of  Paris, 
aa  well  as  six  ounces  of  finely  pulverized  rosin, 
are  carefully  ground  into  a  paste  with  Unseed 
oil  varnish.  The  cement  ia  good  only  after 
several  houra,  but  is  then  excellent  for  either 
aalt-water  or  sweet-water  receptacles. 

California  leads  in  barley,  grape,  sheep, 
gold  and  quicksilver  production. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Jan.  4,  1890 


A.  T.  DEWEY,  W.  B.  EWER. 

DEWEY  &  CO.,  Publishers. 

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SAN    FBANCISOO: 

Saturday,  January  4,    i 


TABLE  OF  CONTENTS. 


ILLUSTRATIONS.— The  Regan  Vapor  Engine;  A 
Nicaragua  Home,  1.  Magnolia  Avenue,  Riverside, 
Cal.;  A  Southern  California  Scene,  3.  The  Mineral 
Belt  of  Peru,  9. 

BUITOKlAijCi.— A  Nicaragua  Home,  1.  Passing 
Events;  Prevention  of  Mine  Accidents;  Windom's  Sil- 
ver Policy  Defended;  Mexican  Silver  Lead  Ore,  8.  The 
Mineral  Belt  of  Peru,  9. 

OOBRESPONDENOB.— Mines  of  a  Rainless  Land 
— No.  2:  Mines  on  Railroad  Lands;  Oregon  Quartz  and 
Placer  Mines;  Assessment  of  Mining  Corporations,  2; 

MISCBLLANBOna.— Calaveras  County  Notes,  2. 
Scenes  in  Southern  California,  3. 

MINING  SUMMARY— From  the  various  counties 
of  California,  Nevada,  Arizona,  Colorado,  Idaho.  Mon- 
tana, New  Mexico,  Oreiron,  Utah,  Wyoming,  4-5. 

MECHANICAL  PROGRESS.— Steel  in  Locomo- 
tive Boilers;  ShaperB  and  bhaping  Machinery;  An< 
neaang  and  Hardening,  6. 

SCIENTIFIC  PROGRESS.— Fossil  Remains  in 
Oregon;  Book-Making  in  Japan;  A  Reported  Arctic 
Discovery;  Where  American  Art  is  Appreciated;  An 
Expurimont  SbowinK  How  Pritnary  Colors  Produce 
White,  0 

BLECTRICITT.— The  Future  of  Electricity;  What 
Branches  Employ  Electric  Welding;  Progress  of  Elec- 
tric Welding;  An  Electric  Register;  Tempering  the 
Electric  Light;  Electrical  Utilization  of  Waste  Heat; 
Electrinty  vs.  Oil;  Paint  for  Incandescent  Lamps; 
Electric  Lighting  in  England;  Engraving  by  Elec- 
tricity, 7. 

GOOD  HEALTH.- A  Novel  Cough  Remedy;  Are 
Asphalt  Fumes  Injurious  to  Health;  The  European 
Epidemic;  A  Possiole  cause  ot  Sleeplessness;  Exces* 
aive  Humidity  and  Health,  7. 

USEFUL  INFORMATION.— To  Distinguish  Am- 
ber; To  Make  A  Whetstone;  Old  Silver;  How  to  Clean 
Pearls  and  Coral,  7. 

MINING  STOCK  MARKET.— Sales  at  the  San 
Francisco  Stook  Board,  Noticea  of  Meetings,  Assess- 
ments, Dividends,  and  Bullion  Shipments,  14. 


Business  AnnounGements. 

[KBW  THIS  IBSUB.] 
Delinquent  Sale  Notice — Booth  G.  M.  Co. 
California  Wire  Works. 
Mining  Machinery— Vulcan  Iron  Works. 

tS"  See  Advertising  Columns. 


Passing  Events. 

The  pereistent  rains  keep  on,  and  although 
inaaring  a  proeperoua  year  to  California,  are, 
for  the  time,  InoonvenieDt,  oauaing,  as  they  do, 
washonts,  looal  fioode  and  oeBsation  of  most 
ont-door  work. 

It  is  stated  that  the  President  has  decided  to 
send  a  special  measage  to  Coogreas,  in  whioh  an 
nnequivooal  indorsement  of  the  Windom  plan 
of  dealing  with  silver  will  be  given.  We  pub- 
lished Secretary  Windom's  ideas  on  this  anb- 
jeot  at  the  time  he  made  his  report. 

The  Utioa  mine  disaater  is  still  the  topic 
among  miners.  It  does  not  appear  that  there 
is  any  possibility  of  getting  at  the  bodies  of  the 
miners  for  months  to  oome,  on  account  of  the 
great  mass  of  rock  and  debris  that  cover  them. 

The  snowfall  of  the  present  winter  is  ample 
to  furnish  an  abundant  supply  of  water  for  the 
mills  and  mines  all  over  the  country  the  com- 
ing season. 

The  bullion  yield  of  GhoUar  ore  crushed  at 
the  Nevada  mill  the  current  month  will  exceed 
$30,000.  Blanket-slnioe  men  in  Six-mile  can- 
yon complain  that  the  tailings  from  Choi- 
lar  ore  pulp  are  very  thin,  and  oontain  a  very 
small  percentage  of  cxuicksilver,  whioh  indioates 
that  the  Chollar  and  Hale  and  Nororoas  ore  is 
being  worked  to  a  much  higher  percentage  of 
its  assay  value  than  last  year. 


Windom's  Silver  Policy  Defended. 

In  a  late  telegraphic  interview,  Director 
Leech  of  the  United  States  Mint  throws  more 
light  upon  Secretary  Windom's  silver  policy 
and  answers  at  length  the  charge  of  the  Minino 
AND  Scientific  Press  and  reiterated  by  East- 
ern journals,  that  too  much  power  would  be 
given  the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury  by  allow- 
ing him  to  temporarily  suspend  the  right  of  de- 
posit of  silver  bullion,  receiving  treasury  notes 
in  return  at  the  market  value  of  the  bullion, 
when  he  thought  a  corner  was  being  run  against 
the  Government.  As  put  by  the  Director  of 
the  Mints,  the  aecretary  appears  justified  in 
asking  for  snoh  disoretionary  power  after  the 
price  of  silver  bullion  is  forced  above  $1  an 
ounce  Government  standard.  To  understand 
this  to  better  advantage,  it  is  necessary  to  state 
that  the  Government  standard  ia  900,  or  niue- 
tenths  6ne;  the  Eogliah  standard  is  925,  and 
ounce  fine  is  lOOO.  All  prices  for  silver  bullion 
are  based  on  its  relative  fineness  to  1000  fine,  ao 
that  in  reality  $1  an  ounce  Government  stand- 
ard brings  the  bullion  up  to  about  par,  so  that 
tihe  power  asked  for  does  not  appear  to  be  un- 
reasonable, seeing  that  with  other  safeguards 
he  oan  only  use  it  when  the  price  is  advanced 
abnormally  above  $1  an  ounce  standard. 

While  the  Press  is  not  fully  committed  to 
Secretary  Windom's  policy,  yet  we  must  admit 
that  under  the  very  general  disoussion  which 
it  has  inspired,  his  views  have  found  favor  with 
the  conservative  olassea  at  home,  and  are  finding 
friends  abroad  even  with  leading  mono-metal- 
lists  who  begin  to  aee  that  bimetallism  is  one 
of  the  inevitablea.  So  unmistakable  are  the 
signs  that  mono-metal  papers  are  hedging  and 
consequently  carefully  preparing  the  way  for 
espousing  bi-metallism.  In  witness  of  this  as- 
sertion, we  give  the  following  from  the  London 
Money: 

It  was  expected  in  many  quarters  that  the 
message  to  Oongresa  from  the  President  of  the 
United  Sbates  would  recommend  a  larger  use  of 
silver  as  money,  and  that  even  if  an  unlimited 
coinage  were  refused,  the  full  limits  under  the 
Bland  Act  would  be  reached;  that  ia,  that 
$4,000,000  would  be  coined  every  month  in- 
stead of  $2,000,000.  On  the  other  hand,  there 
is  a  party  which  would  prefer  to  have  no  silver 

ooioed  at  all,  except  aa  tokens  for  petty  trans- 
aotiona;  in  short,  there  are  mono-metalliata  and 
bi-metallista  in  the  United  States  as  well  as  in 
Great  Britain,  There  is  also  some  such  division 
as  we  see  at  home  in  the  headquarters  of  each 
school.  Here  the  bi-metalliata  are  very  strong 
in  Lancashire,  and  comparatively  weak  in  Lon- 
don. In  the  United  States  they  are  very  pow- 
erful in  the  West,  and  less  powerful  in  New 
York. 

After  reviewing  at  some  length  the  Presi- 
dent's message  so  far  as  it  refers  to  silver,  it 
gives  expression  to  the  following  on  Secretary 
Windom's  silver  policy: 

Mr.  Windom  proposes  to  issue  notes  on  the 
deposit  of  silver  at  the  market  value.  The 
more  discreet  bi-metallists  in  this  country  also 
make  an  identical  proposal.  If  notes  of  £1  and 
£2  were  issued  against  silver  at  the  marhet 
valuey  onr  currency  would  be  increased  by  sev- 
eral millions  and  so  much  gold  set  free  for  ex- 
ternal commerce.  Every  one  knows  that  the 
gold  now  in  circulation  is  insufficient  for  the 
increasing  trade  and  growing  population  of  this 
country,  and  in  spite  of  all  the  fluster  and 
bluster  about  gold  mines  in  South  Africa  and 
elsewhere,  we  shall  for  many  years  continue  to 
be  short  of  gold.  There  are  two  alternatives 
before  us:  we  may  wait  for  a  period  of  bad 
trade,  in  whioh  there  will  be  less  demand  for 
money,  or  we  may  make  a  limited  and  moderate 
use  of  silver  by  means  of  small  notes  for  inter- 
nal oirculatlon.  As  to  payments  abroad,  gold 
must  go  to  whom  gold  ia  due,  and  silver  to 
whom  silver.  But  the  use  of  ten  millions  in 
silver  certificates  would  raise  the  value  of  the 
rupee  and  greatly  assist  trade.  If  President 
Harrison  can  see  his  way  to  adopt  Mr.  Win- 
dom's suggestion,  it  is  very  likely  that  Mr. 
GoBchen  will  see  hia  way  to  a  similar  policy  in 
England. 

The  Nevada  mill  is  crushing  about  4500  tons 
of  Hale  and  Norcroas  ore  monthly,  and  had  it 
not  been  for  the  falling  o£f  of  the  assay  value  of 
the  ore  from  $30  to  $22  per  ton — the  average 
given  in  the  last  weekly  report — the  bullion 
yield  for  the  current  month  would  have  reached 
nearly  $120,000.  The  average  for  the  month 
will  not  fall  far  short  of  $25  per  ton,  which, 
calculating  that  85  per  cent  of  the  assay  value 
is  saved,  will  give  a  total  bullion  yield  of  $100,- 
000  for  December. 


Martin  C.  Fisher,  a  mining  engineer  well 
known  in  Colorado  and  California,  died  in  Lon- 
don on  the  last  day  of  the  year.  He  was  one 
of  the  organizers  of  the  Richmond  Consolidated 
Mining  Company. 


Prevention  of  Mine  Accidents. 

The  fatal  accident  at  the  Utica  mine,  in  Cal- 
averas county,  oauaed  by  an  immense  cave,  has 
brought  up  a  discussion  on  the  proper  methods 
of  timbering  in  mines  and  the  prevention  of  ao- 
oidents.  It  does  not  appear,  however,  that 
there  was  any  negleot  In  the  timbering  of  this 
mine.  On  the  contrary,  a  skilled  timberman, 
selected  for  his  special  knowledge,  and  aided 
by  a  special  set  of  men,  had  charge  of  thia  part 
of  the  work,  and  was  given  every  facility  to  do 
his  work  properly.  Timbers  of  very  unusual 
size  were  employed,  since  it  was  known  these 
were  necessary  in  this  mine.  From  all  ac- 
counts, however,  no  system  of  timbering 
known  to  us  could  have  withstood  the  pressure 
of  the  50.000  or  60,000  tona  of  rook  which 
oaved. 

In  this  country  we  have  no  Government  or 
State  officials  to  inspect  mines  and  see  that 
proper  precautions  against  aooident  are  taken. 
In  Great  Britain,  since  1835,  there  has  been  a 
succession  of  Royal  Commissions  and  of  Parlia- 
mentary Committees  collecting  and  weighing 
the  results  of  experience  and  the  views  and 
opinions  of  miners,  experts  and  mine  managers. 
In  1850,  Government  mine  inspectors  were  ap- 
pointed to  carry  out  certain  important  general 
rules  for  the  conduct  of  mines. 

Even  with  all  the  precautions  adopted  in 
that  country  it  does  not  seem  that  in  the  matter 
of  preventing  falls  of  roofs  or  sides  and  oaves  in 
mines,  they  have  been  able  to  do  mnch  with 
reference  to  the  inspection  of  mines  for  the 
purpose  of  ascertaining  whether  the  roof  or 
sides  are  safe.  Mr.  A.  R,  Sawyer,  one  of  the 
inspectors,  who  is  an  authority,  points  out 
that  the  universal  practice  of  tapping  the  coal 
or  stone  with  some  heavy  tool  and  judging  of 
its  condition  by  the  hoUowness  or  deadness  of 
the  sound  and  by  slight  vibrations,  felt  on 
placing  the  hand  against  the  surface  while  the 
tapping  is  being  applied,  although  good,  it  is 
not  to  be  relied  on  implicitly;  especially  in  the 
case  of  rock  roofs  and  long  pieces.  It  has 
often  been  stated  by  witnesses  at  inquests  on 
deaths  from  oaves,  that  the  roof  had  been 
sounded  shortly  before  the  aooident,  and  con- 
sidered psrfeotly  safe.  Many  accidents  would 
be  avoided,  if,  in  addition  to  the  tapping  teat, 
the  roof  were  carefully  inapected  for  the  pur- 
pose of  detecting  natural  dialooations,  such  as 
faults  or  slips  or  defects  developed  by  the  work- 
ing, and  if  the  bearing,  the  inclination  and  the 
frequency  of  occurrence  of  slips  were  studied 
by  mining  officials,  the  timbering  being  regu- 
lated accordingly. 

In  mines  such  as  the  Utica,  and  many  others 
that  might  be  mentioned,  there  ia  no  question 
that  unremitting,  careful  and  intelligent  in- 
spection, and  the  continued  devotion  of  skilled 
labor  to  the  liberal  provision  and  maintenance 
of  reliable  supports,  even  when  their  necesaity 
may  seem  open  to  question,  constitute  ]the  best 
safeguards  against  accident.  In  this  case  there 
was  provision  of  special  labor  and  supervision 
for  the  application  and  maintenance  of  timber- 
ing in  the  mine  generally.  Every  facility  and 
encouragement  was  given  for  good  work  in  the 
timbering.  The  unfortunate  man  in  charge 
doubtless  had  faith  in  his  work,  for  he  himself 
was  with  the  timber-gang  when  the  cave  oo- 
cnrred,  and  he  lost  his  life  with  theirs.  The 
whole  ledge  caved  from  top  to  bottom,  evident- 
ly sliding  down  bodily.  No  one  could  have 
foreseen  such  an  accident,  though  the  mine  ia 
one  which  needed  special  timbering,  and  the 
heavy  rains  had  added  weight  to  the  upper 
mass. 

The  Guadalupe  Quicksilver  Mine.— Com- 
missioner Houghton  of  the  Circuit  Court  has 
reported  the  sale  of  the  prop  arty  of  the  Guada- 
lupe Quicksilver  Mining  Co.,  which  was  fore- 
closed to  the  Farmers'  Loan  &  Trust  Co.  of 
New  York  City  for  failure  to  pay  the  interest 
due  on  coupons  maturing  on  Jannary  1,  1884. 
The  loan  was  for  $500,000  in  bonds  Issued  by 
the  trust  company.  The  court  issued  a  decree 
allowing  the  qnicbsllver  company  until  October 
1,  1889,  in  which  to  pay  its  indebtedness,  and 
on  its  failure  to  do  so,  December  7th  was  fixed 
as  the  day  of  sale.  The  property  was  sold  to 
Maria  Coleman,  the  highest  bidder,  for 
$378,700. 

The  Sunflower  mine.  Pike  City,  Sierra  Co., 
started  up  last  Monday  with  about  20  men  at 
work.  Mr.  T.  E.  G.  Wolleb  has  gone  up  to 
the  mine  aa  asaayer. 


Mexican  Silver-Lead  Ores. 

The  exportation  of  silver-lead  ores  from  Mex- 
ico to  the  United  States  practically  began  at 
Paso  del  Norte  in  lSS4,[upon  the  completion  of 
the  Mexican  Central  B.  R.  The  ore  trade 
rapidly  assumed  large  proportions  under  the 
decision  of  the  Treasury  Department  at  Wash- 
ington establlehing  a  value  standard  rather 
than  a  quantity  standard  for  the  determination 
of  the  classification  of  ores. 

The  soaroity  of  lead-fiuxing  ores  in  the  cen- 
tral and  southwestern  mining  regions  of  the 
United  States,  and  the  rapid  extension  of  the 
business  of  smelting  ores  of  the  precious  metals, 
had  oansed  a  demand  for  fiuxing  ores  out  of  all 
proportion  to  the  supply  in  the  United  States. 

There  were  found  in  Mexico  very  extensive 
deposits  of  lead  carbonates,  and  not  infrequent- 
ly associated  with  a  lime  and  iron  gangue  or 
matrix.  These  carbonates  have  a  wide  range 
in  tbeir  silver  and  lead  values,  carrying  from 
15  to  50  per  cent  of  lead  and  from  10  to  100 
ounces  of  silver.  In  many  oases  high  lead  per- 
centages are  associated  with  low  silver  valnes. 

The  presence  of  lime  and  iron  in  quantita- 
tive excess  makes  these  ores  from  Mexico  very 
desirable,  not  so  much  for  their  silver  and  lead 
values  as  for  the  actual  work  such  ores  will 
perform  In  the  smelting  furnace.  As  an  evi- 
dence of  the  wide  distribution  of  these  Mexican 
ores  in  the  United  States,  they  were  shipped  to 
Pueblo  and  Danver,  Omaha,  St.  Louis,  Kansas 
City  and  Newark,  N.  J.,  as  well  as  to  points  in 
New  Mexico  and  along  the  frontier,  where 
large  smelting  plants  have  been  erected  to  treat 
Mexican  ores  in  connection  with  dry  or  non- 
lead  ores  from  New  Mexico  and  Arizona.  No 
complete  data  are  at  band  showing  annual 
value  and  tonnage  of  this  ore  trade,  bat  from  a 
calculation  based  upon  the  export  ore  tonnage 
entering  the  United  States  at  Ekgle  Pass,  Tex., 
the  total  annual  shipments  for  fiscal  year  end- 
ing Jane  30,  1889,  will  approach  $1,500,000  in 
value. 

The  U.  S.  consul  at  Fiedras  Negraa  says  the 
outcry  in  Mexico  against  the  U.  S.  Treasury 
circular  of  July  17,  1889,  comes  principally 
from  men  engaged  in  the  silver-lead  ore  trade 
who  have  suddenly  lost  their  market  and  have 
large  sums  of  money  invested  in  Mexican  mines; 
these  men  are  principally  Americans.  The 
railroads  are  also  heavy  losers  in  ore  freights, 
notably  the  Mexican  International,  the  only 
railroad  at  present  in  Mexico  said  to  be 
owned  solely  by  American  capital.  The  Mexi- 
can Government  some  years  ago  seriously  con- 
sidered the  advisability  of  imposiog  an  export 
duty  on  raw  Mexican  ores,  so  as  to  build  up 
reduction  works  in  Mexico,  their  only  doubt 
being  the  question  of  fuel.  With  the  develop- 
ment of  the  Sabonas  coal-fields  in  the  State  of 
Coahuila,  near  the  line  of  the  Mexican  Inter- 
national Railway,  and  the  fair  grade  of  coke 
made  from  the  Sibonaa  coal,  Mexico  la  now 
able  to  smelt  her  own  ores.  The  American 
miners  will  be  very  glad  to  have  her  begin  its 
operation  and  keep  her  raw  ores  at  home. 

A  Nloaraguan  House. 

The  canal  projectors  oontend  that  Nicaragua 
is  the  greatest  existing  field  for  American  en- 
terprise. However  that  may  be,  we  shall  all 
hail  with  delight  the  oommenoement  of  practi- 
cal work  on  that  great  engineering  scheme. 
Since  the  virtual  collapse  of  the  Panama  canal 
this  Central  American  offers  the  only  location 
possible  for  a  ship  canal  between  the  Atlantic 
and  Pacific  oceans.  The  reason  is  two-fold. 
Firstly,  the  interruption  of  the  great  mountain 
chain,  extending  praotioally  from  Valparaiso  to 
the  Mexican  frontier;  secondly,  that  Nicaragua 
lies  outside  of  the  zone  of  calms,  which  would 
have  rendered  the  Panama  canal  ueeless  for 
sailing  ships.  The  people  of  Nicaragua  have  a 
type  of  house— such  as  is  shown  in  the 
engraving  on  our  first  page — much  like 
that  in  whioh  the  Mexicans  of  California 
lived  before  the  advent  of  the  Americans.  It 
is  of  adobe  with  tiled  roof  and  an  arched  corri- 
dor or  porch  around  it.  Senator  Stanford  has 
adopted  this  general  style  for  the  bnildings  of 
the  Leland  Stanford  University,  thinking  it 
best  fitted  for  the  climate.  The  buildings  are 
of  one  story,  with  arched  corridors,  but  atone 
takes  the  place  of  the  Mexican  adobe.  Such 
structures  are  warm  in  winter  and  cool  in  sum- 
mer. There  are  still  numh'*--  of  such  buildings 
standing  in  portions  of  California ;  a  few  of 
them  being  put  toward  the  Miss!  ^n  in  this  oity. 


Jan.  4.  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


9 


The  MiniBg  Belt  of  Peru. 

The  great  mining  region  of  Pera  is  a  moaot* 
alnoua  belt  of  coaotry,  raoDiog  nearly  the 
whole  length  of  the  republic,  and  oomprialng 
the  two  grand  range*  of  the  Andes  with  the 
elavated  table-lands  between  them.  On  the 
east  of  thia  belt  are  the  extensive  plains  and 
fertile  valleys  of  the  Amszon  and  its  tributaries. 
On  the  west  is  a  narrow  strip  of  coast  20  to  50 
miles  wide,  for  the  most  part  a  sandy  desert, 
but  prodaoing  abundant  crops  where  irrigated, 
and  here  are  found  petroleam,  salt,  nitrate  of 
soda  Id  enormous  amounts  at  the  south,  silver 
In  a  few  localities,  copper  and  other  mineral 
products. 

The  Western  Cordillera,  ranniog  nearly  par- 
allel with  the  shore-line,  rises  like  a  wall  on 
the  eastern  side  of  the  ooast  belt,  with  passes 
from  15,000  to  18,000  feet  high  and  peaks  at- 
tuning 18,000  to  '20,000  feet.  Farther  east, 
at  a  varying  distance,  is  the  Eistem  Cordillera, 
composed  of  broken  mountain  ranges  which, 
considered  as  one  group,  have  a  general  par* 
allelism  with  the  western  chain,  bat  individ- 
ually vary  greatly  in  direction,  sometimes  run- 
ning nearly  east  and  west,  in  places  projecting 
out  into  the  Amazonian  lands,  or  here  and 
there  curving  around  to  unite  with  the  western 
ridge,  and  with  this  inclosing  Immense  inter- 
alpine  plains.  These  general  features  are  indi- 
cated in  Fig.  1,  which  cut.  with  the  descrip- 
tion, we  take^^from  a  paper  on  *'  The  Topography 
and  Geology  of  the  Cerro  de  Pasco,  Pern,"  read 
before  the  American  Institute  of  Mining  Engi- 
neers Jby  A.  D.  Hodges,  Jr.,  formerly  of  this 
city,  but  now  a  resident  of  Boston. 

The  sarfaoe  of  the  plains  is  uneven  and  trav- 
ersed by  lower  ranges  of  hills  which  surround 
large  lakes,  or  rolling  pampas  or  fertile  valleys, 
and  through  many  of  these  last  run  rivers  of 
considerable  size.  The  whole  country  baa  a 
high  altitude  (averaging  up  to  15,000  or  16,000 
feet),  and  slopes  gradually  north  and  east 
toward  the  Amazon,  into  whioh  drain  all  the 
rivers.  Its  boundary  mountain  chains  are 
scored  on  all  sides  by  narrow,  picturesque  and 
precipitous  ravines  often  thousands  of  feet 
deep. 

In  all  parts  of  this  region  are  deposits  of  vain 


ment  and  of  capital,  this  region  has  produced, 
according    to    Humboldt,   an    average   annual 
yield  of  $5,:^00,000  in  gold  and  silver. 
The  Plateau  of  Junln. 
In  the  Department  of  -Tunin  is  a  large  mount- 
ain  plateao  encircled  by  the   high  Cordilleras, 


From  its  northern  end  issues  the  Upamayo  or 
Chinchaioooha  river,  which,  oommenoing  to 
flow  northerly,  soon  bends  completely  around, 
receiving  the  waters  of  the  San  Juan  and  the 
Colorado  rivers,  and  then  tlowing  southerly  be- 
hind the    narrow    range   of    hills  bounding   the 


w  Vf.vt  V&rU 

SKETCH  SHOWING 

COMMUNICATIONS  OF 
CERRO  DE  PASCO 

LIMA  AND  THE  COAST. 


Ml  RAllroadt  In  Operation . 
.1l(t.lli\>udf  jiartly  bulll  and  projected. 
-Mull'  RuudB. 


the  hills  which  here  meet  the  lake,  and  some 
GOO  or  700  feet  above  its  waters.  Here  are  the 
)  salt-mine  and  works  which  supply  the  Cerro. 
I  North  of  the  lake  is  the  Pampa  of  Bombon, 
j  the  easterly  divlaion  of  which  is  often  called 
the  Pampa  of  San  Juan.  At  the  north-east  of 
the  Pampa  of  Sin  Juan  is  the  old  town  of 
Pasco,  now  nearly  deserted,  but  said  to  have 
been  formerly  (before  the  discovery  of  the 
mines  of  Cerro  de  Paaco)  an  active  mining  camp. 
Directly  west  of  Pasco,  across  the  Pampa  of 
San  Juan,  are  the  hill  and  once  famous  vein 
and  mines  of  Colquijirca,  where  evidently  much 
work  has  been  done  in  times  past,  but  where 
only  spasmodic  efforts  at  mining  have  been 
mude  of  late,  the  ores  being  sulphureted  and 
unsnited  for  the  patio  process. 

Still  farther  north  are  the  bills  around  Cerro 
de  Pasco,  familiarly  known  as  "The  Oerro," 
and  at  the  extreme  north  or  north-east  of  the 
plateau  the  Huallaja  river,  rising  from  springs 
near  the  last-named  town,  breaks  through  the 
Cordillera  and  flows  north- easterly  to  unite 
with  the  Amazon. 

( To  be  contiriued.) 


which  here  unite  to  form  the  Knot  of  Pasco 
{Nudo  de  Pasco).  In  this  plateau,  which  ex- 
tends north  and  south  some  two  degrees  of  lat- 
itude, are  the  large  lake  of  Junin,  the  pampa 


lake  on  the  west,  unites  with  the  Huamanca 
river  near  Oroya,  and  passes  out  through  the 
southern  depression  of  the  plateau  to  join  finally 
the  Amazon. 


Snow-Shoeing  in  Sierra. 

Editors  Press:— In  the  high  Sierrrs,  where 
snow  falls  to  such  great  depths  that  other 
means  of  travel  are  out  of  the  question,  snow- 
shoe  riding  has  been  carried  to  a  science. 
When  Snow-flhoe  Thompson,  who  gained  such 
celebrity  in  carrying  the  mail  through  Alpine 
and  Plaoer  counties,  came  to  Sierra  to  show 
them  how  to  ride,  he  could  hardly  keep  np 
with  the  schoolboys.  Since  his  day  great  Im- 
provements have  been  made,  both  in  the  groove 
that  now  runs  the  length  of  the  shoe  on  the 
under  side  and  makes  it  practical  to  guide  the 
things,  and  in  the  lubricating  material  oalled 
*' dope"  that  makes  the  rider  glide  down  the 
mountains  with  such  UghtuiDg  speed. 

Snow-Stioe  Clubs. 

The  Altnras  Club  was  formed  at  Howland 
Flat,  and  rivals  were  soon  formed  at  La  Porte, 
Port  Wine,  Poker  Fiat  and  Gibsonville.  After 
practicing  for  weeks  these  clubs  would  send 
champions  to  contest  for  prizes,  which  were 
very  liberal  in .  amount,  and  were  made  the 
occasion  of  much  outside  betting.  Races  would 
generally    continue    for   a   week   and    occasion 


able  minerals.  Gold  and  silver  have  been 
mined  from  the  earliest  periods;  the  quioksilver 
deposits  of  HuanoaTelioa  were  onoe  famed 
throughout  the  world,  although  now  practically 
abandoned  ;  lead  and  copper  ores  have  been 
worked  to  some  extent;  salt  and  coal  have  been 
discovered  at  many  points;  and  iron  and  other 
useful  metals  are  said  to  exist,  Notwithstand- 
ing all  the  dra*^%oka  arising  from  want  of 
roads,  of  proper  methods  and  appliances  of 
mining,  of  ekilled  labor,  of  capable  manf^e- 


of  Bambon,  and  the  famous  "Basin  of  the  Cerro," 
where,  in  latitude  10°  45'  45"  south  and  longi- 
tude 73°  24'  west  of  Paris  is  situated  Cerro  de 
Pasco,  the  capital  of  the  Dapartment.  Fig.  2 
is  a  map  of  thia  plateau,  compiled  with  care 
from  accarate  surveys. 

Lake  Junin  (also  oalled  L^ke  Chinohaioooha 
and  Like  of  the  Kings),  a  body  of  water  with 
an  area  of  some  200  square  miles  and  an  alti- 
tude of  13,380  feet  above  the  sea,  covers  the 
Boathern  and  principal  part  of  this  plateau. 


In  the  lake  are  several  varieties  of  fish,  and 
duck  and  other  game-birds  frequent  it  in  num- 
bers. Along  its  level  easterly  shore  is  good  pas- 
turage, and  the  breeding  of  animals  is  carried  on 
here  to  some  extent.  At  its  southern  end  is 
Junin,  a  small  town  famous  as  the  place  near 
whioh  the  Peruvians  won  a  great  victory  over 
the  Spanish  forces'in  the  War  of  Independence. 
There  are  a  few  villages  near  it.  Thajmoat  Im- 
portant locality  in  the  vicinity  is  San  Bias, 
situated  about-half  way  ap  its  western  shore  in 


more  excitement  than  any  horse-races.  Some- 
times thousands  of  dollars  changed  hands  on 
the  result  of  a  contest. 

The  Snow-Shoe. 
Basket-work  shoes  are  disoarded  entirely, 
and  for  racing  the  shoe  is  made  the  width  of 
the  foot  and  ten  to  fourteen  feet  long,  turned 
up  rat  the  ends,  with  a  groove  about  one-half 
inch  deep  by  one  and  one-half  inches  broad 
running  along  the  whole  length  of  the  bottom. 
Experts  prefer  those  made  from  fir  of  very 
straight  grain.  The  thickness  at  the  center 
where  the  foot  is  fastened  is  nearly  one  and  a 


10 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Jan.  4,  1890 


fourth  inches,   tapering  to  five-eighths  at  the 
rear  and  a  little  thinner  in  front. 
The  Training. 

After  the  enow  has  covered  rooka  and  nnder- 
bruBh  out  of  sight;,  and  has  settled  down  to 
solid  bufiineBB,  the  boys  begin  _  to  get_  out  the 
snow-shoes  and  practice  under  instraotion.  The 
shoes  are  polished  aa  smooth  as  they  can  be 
made,  and  then  the  bottoms  are  smeared  with 
some  preparation  to  increase  the  speed.  This 
mixture  is  looked  upon  aa  the  main  thing  In  the 
race,  and  Ex-Senator  "Wallace  is  now  mainly 
famous  for  his  wonderful  *'  dope  "  that  won  so 
many  raoea.  The  base  of  all  these  preparations 
is  spermaceti,  but  almost  everything^  kept  in  a 
drug  store  has  been  experimented  with.  Most 
of  these  contain  beeswax,  rosin,  turpentine, 
and  some  easential  oils.  It  seems  that  the 
mixture  must  be  adapted  to  the  condition  of 
the  snow,  and,  above  all  things,  must  be  kept 
secret  from  rival  clubs.  A  little  lard  touched 
upon  the  bottom  of  a  rival's  shoes,  or  a  little 
Bait  sprinkled  on  his  aide  of  the  track,  will 
lose  him  the  race,  and  if  you  want  a  good 
fight  on  your  hands  in  a  hurry,  get  caught 
trying  to  find  how  a  rival  mixes  his  "dope." 

For  weeks  excited  groups  will  be  discussing 
the  merits  of  difi"erent  mixtures  for  cloudy  and 
for  sunny  days,  for  hard  snow  and  for  soft 
snow  and  for  different  hours  of  the  day.  There 
seems  to  be  no  regularly  establiahed  course,  A 
few  days  before  the  race  they  choose  the  place 
where  they  can  get  the  longest  and  steepest 
run  free  from  obstructions  and  convenient  for 
spectators.     Distance  varies  from  2000  to  5000 

feet. 

Speed. 

Talk  about  your  racehoraes  or  lightniog 
trains.  These  men  are  reported  by  concurrent 
testimony  of  many  spectators  to  have  averaged 
as  high  a  speed  as  250  feet  per  second  over  a 
course  nearly  a  mile  long.  This  is  more  than 
four  times  the  speed  of  a  racehorse  or  twice 
that  of  a  locomotive.  Remember,  too,  that 
either  of  the  latter  goes  over  the  course  at  uni- 
form speed,  while  the  snowahoe  rider  movee 
with  a  conatantly  accelerating  motion,  and  we 
may  say  that  his  speed  at  the  finish  approxi- 
mates twice  the  average,  or  500  feet  per  second. 
No  wonder  that  they  report  that  they  hold  the 
breath  from  start  to  finish,  and  cannot  remem- 
ber having  seen  anything  but  a  sort  of  bluish 
white  light  while  running.  They  use  a  pole 
resembling  a  churn-daaher  for  helping  them- 
selves uphill  and  as  a  brake  at  the  finish.  It  U 
not  supposed  to  touch  the  snow  until  the  goal 
is  passed. 

In  Minnesota  the  Norwegians  make  "ski- 
racing,"  aa  they  call  It,  a  leading  winter  sport, 
and  an  expert  from  the  old  country  sometimes 
makes  a  sensation,  but  one  never  heard  of  the 
groove  thoro  nor  of  the  **  dope."  Sierra  stands 
ahead.  F.  S.  C. 


Our  Agents. 

Ona  FaTBHTDS  can  do  much  in  aid  of  our  paper  and  the 
cause  of  practical  knowledge  and  science,  by  assisting 
Agents  in  their  labors  of  canvassing,  by  lending  their  in- 
fluence and  encouraging  favors.  We  intend  to  send  none 
but  worthy  men. 

J.  C.  HoAo — San  Franeisco. 

R.  G.  Bailby— San  Frandsco. 

M.  D.  SnaABBR— Santa  Clara  Co. 

W.  W.  TsBOBALDs— Los  Angelcs  Co. 

E.  Fischer — Central  California. 

Obo.  WriiSOii — Sacramento  Co. 

E.  H.  SCHAEFFLB —  Fresno  Co. 

C.  Edward  Robertson— Humboldt  Co. 

Frank  S.  Chapih— Bntte  and  Yuba  Cos. 

Wm.  H.  Hillbart— Oregon. 

E.  E.   Dbminq — Oregon. 


Attention,  Southern  California  Miners. 

WORKS  FOR   SALE. 

The  Works  are  situated  at  Daggett,  Cal.,  in  the 
Calico  Mining  District,  and  on  side-track  of  the  At- 
lantic and  Pacific  Railroad.  They  contain  a  first- 
class  50-horse  power  Engine  and  45-horse  power 
boiler,  with  Ore  Crusher  and  other  machinery,  Mill 
Scales,  Assaying  Outfit,  etc.,  all  nearly  new.  Also 
upon  the  premises  an  office  building  and  a  comfort- 
able dwelling  house  (portable).  The  above  can  be 
had  at  a  bargain.  Apply  to  GILLISPY  &  CHILD3 
123  California  St.,  San  Francisco, 

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doea  not  want  it.  or  beyond,  the  time  he  intends  to  pay 
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not  knowingly  send  the  paper  to  any  one  who  does  not 
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BubBorlber  to  notify  us  to  discontinue  It,  or  some  Irre- 
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FOR  RENT,  CHEAP. 

BRICK  BUILDING  at  corner  of  Folsom  and  Nineteenth 
streets,  in  gubdivieions,  floors  or  parts  of  floors.  "Will 
furnish  powerand  give  leases. 

CHARLES  ASHTON, 
411  Montgomery  Street,  S.  F. 


THE  RUSSELL  PROCESS  COMP'Y. 

TALCOTT  H.  RUSSELL,  Secretary, 
NEW  HAVEK  CONN. 

p.  O.  Box  496. 


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Vulcan  Iron  ^floMS, 

135-145  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco,  CaL 


( 


stamp    Bitteries,    Pans    and    Settlers, 
"Dodge,"  and  Improved  Blake,  Rock-Breakers, 
"Dodge"  Pulverizers,  Slime  IVlachines,  etc. 


AERIAL  WIRE  ROPEWAYS. 

(VULCAN    PATENT    8TSTBM,) 

Ths  cheapest   and  moat  reliable  form  of  Transportation  of  Ore,  Caal,  eto.     Sivee   four-fifths 
of  the  ooat  by  any  other  method. 


SAW-MILL 


1 


S 


CORLISS, 


REFRIGERATING  >  MACHINERY.     STEAM  ENGINES  {  Meyer  Cut-off, 
CABLE-ROAD       )  (    Slide  Valve. 

SPECIAL  MACHINERY  TO  ORDER. 

"''^oYli.  REPAIR  WORK  SOLICITED. 

HANGERS,  etc. 


RUBBER  FACTORY. 

Monarch  Belting. 


The  Flies  of  this  Belt  are 

UNITED  by  COTTON  RIVETS 

Which  hold  them  firmly  together. 

Each  Rivet  is  Independent 

And  FoUowa  the  Stretch. 

THERE  ARE  NO  STITCHES 

TO  BREAK,  and 

The    Belt    has    a    Smooth 
Surface. 


Hose,  Belting,  Packing,  Etc. 

ALL  KINDS  OF  RUBBER  GOODS  MADE  TO  ORDER  IN  A  FEW  HOURS. 

W,  F.  BOWERS  &  CO.,  409  Market  St.,  San  Francisco. 


NEWYORKBEtTING&PACKING  ea 


Warehouse,    15   PARK   ROW,   NEW   YORK. 

The  Oldest  and  Largest  Manufacturers  in  the  United  States  of 

VULCANIZED  RUBBER  FABRICS 

Solid  Vulcanite 

EMERY  WHEELS. 


Adapted  to  Mechanical  Purposes. 


^    "^ 


Large  Wheels  made  on  Iron 
centers- 
Cuts  Cooler  and  Freer 


THAN  ANT  OTHEH  WHEEL 
IN  THE  MARKET. 


w 


imG\\\-2.Q^^\-t 


^^ot:By 


EXTRA    RUBBER 

BELTING  and  HOSE 

lOE 

Mining  Purposes. 

Circular  woven  Seamless  Autiseptic 
Rdebek  Lined  "Cable"  Hose  and 
Test  Ho^e  for  the  use  of  Steam  EnRines, 
Force  Pumps  Rolling  MiUb,  Iron  Works, 
Paotories  etc 


llillllllllllilllillllllil IIIIIMII 

Emery  Vulcanite  Wheel. 


ARNETT  &   RIVERS, 

17  and  19  MAIN  ST..     SAU  TEAITCISCO, 


Extra  steam  Hoso. 


ESTABLISHED    1866. 


Pacific  Chemical  Works. 

HENRY    G.    HANKS, 

Practica!  and  Indastrial  Cbemist,  Assayer 
aDd  Geologist, 


718  MONTGOMERY  ST., 


SAN  FRANCISCO. 


1^ Will  report  on  the  condition  and  value  of  any  mining  property  on 
the  Pacific  Coast.  Rare  Chemicals  made  to  order.  Instmotions  given  in 
Assaying  and  Practical  Chemistry 


"WITTER'S  SPRINGS."  ]^.^^:!t!'T<, 

miles  east  of  tfkiah.  Comfortable  Hotel.  Quiet  Cabins. 
Lovely  Scenery.  IjOW  Charges.  Its  waters  are  a  sure 
cure  for  Dropsy.  Scrofulous  and  Skin  Diseases,  Rheuma- 
nism,  etc.    Address  H   L.  DENIO.  Upper  Lake 


QUICKSILVER 

For  Sale  In  Lota  to  Suit  bv 

PAEROTT    &    CO., 
806  Oallfomla  St.,  San  Franolsoo.  Osl 


tdlicatiopal. 


op 
ASSAYING    AND    CHEMISTRY, 

Rooms  46  Ss  47,  1  628  Montsromery  St., 

2d  Floor  Montgomery  Bl'k.  f        San  Francisco, 
Also,  Evening  Classes,  7  to  10  o'clock. 

JOHN  T.  EVANS,  M.  A.,  Principal. 


School  of  Practical,  Civil,  Mechanical  and 
MINING  ENGINEERING, 

Snryeyig,  ArcMtectnre,  Drawing  and  Assaying 

72S    MARKET    STREET, 

The  History  Building,  San  Francisco,  Cal, 

A.  VAN  DEB  NAILLEN,  President. 

Assaying  of  Ores,  $26;  Bullion  and  Chlorination  Assay, 

$25;  Blowpipe  Assay,  $10.    Full  course  of  assaying,  960. 

i^^end  for  circular. 


F 


BUSINESS     OOLLEQE, 

24  POST  ST..  S.  F. 
iOR      SKTENTY-FIVE      DOIiLAKS     THIS 

CoUet^e  instructs  in  Shorthand,  Type  Writing,  Book- 
deeping,  Telegraphy,  Penmanship,  Drawing,  all  the  En- 
g:liBh  branches,  and  everything  pertaining  to  buainesa, 
tor  six  full  months.  We  have  sixteen  teachers,  and  give 
individual  instruction  to  all  our  pupils.  Our  achool  has 
its  graduates  in  every  part  of  the  State. 

IV^INV  FOR  CiROUIiAB. 

E.  P.  HEALD,  Fteildent. 
C.  S.  HALET.  Seoretuy. 


FRANCIS  SMITH  &  CO. 

Manufacturers  of 

Sheet  Iron  and  Steel  Pipe 

ALL    SIZES. 

130  Beale  Street,         San  Francisco,  Gal. 


Iron  cut,  punched  and  formed,  for  making  .pipe  on 
ground.  All  kinds  of  Tools  supplied  for  making  Pipe. 
Estimates  given.  Are  prepared  for  coating  all  sizes  of 
Pipe  with  a  composition  of  Coal  Tar  and  Asphaltum. 


J.  C.  WILSON.  C.  A.  O'BRIEN. 

J.  MAODONOUGH  &  CO. 

IMPORTBRS  AND   CKALERS  IN 

COAL  ANDJIG  IRON. 

Principal  Office: 

41    MARKET  STREET,  CORNER  SPEAR. 

Yards: 

S.  W.  Cor.  Spear  & 
Folaom, 

[Telephone  No.  1S64.] 


S.  W.  Cor.  Main  & 
Folsom, 

SAN  FRANCISCO. 


WINE  TANKS  1 

COOPERAGE    CO. 


WATER  TANKS , 

CALIFORNIA    WINE 

FCI,I>A  BROS.,  Proprietors, 

30  to  40  Spear  St.,  San  Francisco. 

ALL  KINDS  OF  CASKS,  TANKS,  Etc. 

i^SHlp,  Mremo,  and  Watbk  Tanks  a  Specialty.*^ 


WINCHESTER  HOUSE, 


44  Third  Street, 


San  Francisco,  Cal. 


This  Fire  proof  Brick  Building  is  centrally  located,  in 
the  healthiest  part  of  the  city,  only  a  half  block  from  the 
Grand  and  Palace  Hotels,  and  close  to  all  Steamboat  and 
Railroad  Offices. 

Laund  ry  Free  for  the  use  of  Families. 


HOT  AND  COI,D  BATHS  FREE. 


Terms,  Board  and  Room,  $1.00  per  Day 

And  Upward. 

Booms  with  or  without  Board. 

Free  Coach  to  the  Honse. 

3".    I»OOXjE-sr. 


Tioga  District  Mining  Company, 

Incorporated  June  11, 1SS9.    Capital  Stock,  $10,000,000 
BUY  AND  SELL 

California  Gold,  Silver,  Quicksilver,  Copper 
and  Lead  Mines 

op    ASCERTAINED    VALUE. 

Office,  No.  IS  PARROTT'S  BUILDING,  N.  W. 

Corner  of  California  and  Montgomery  Streets, 

SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 

WM.  B.  WIGHTMAN,  Pres.      WM.  H.  V.  CRONISE,  Sec. 


Jan.  4,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


11 


List  of  U.  S.  Patents  for  Pacific  Coast 
Inventors. 


Beported  by  Dewey  &  Oo..  Pioneer  Patent 
SoUcltore  for  Pacific  States. 


FOR  WEEK  ENDING  DEC.  34, 

417.850.— Axle  locricator— I. 


,  1889. 
B,  Abraham 

s.  f: 

417.851.— Ventilator— P.  Abrahamsoo.  S.    F. 
417.853. — Tag  Holder— Samuel  Bjuman,  Santa 
Cruz*  Cal. 
'417.855.— Vineyard  Plow--J.  A.  Bilz,  Pleasan- 

ton,  Cal. 

417.856.— Delivery  Atiachment  i-or  Can 
Machines— Jos.    Elick,  S.  F. 

4i7,86a"Booic  Rest— W.  C.  Dow.  Fresno.  Cal. 

417, 86r.— Gate  —  A.  W.  Edwards.  Shingle 
Springs,  Cal. 

417,865.— Water  Wheel-C.  J.  Green.  Placer- 
ville.  Ca). 

417.866.— SrouKiNG,  ETC.,  Composition— Hollo- 
way  &  Frey,  S.  F. 

418.036.— Harness— F.  T.  Livingstou,  Snoho- 
mish, Wash. 

417,876.— Mustache-Holder— W.  H.  Masier- 
man,  S.  F. 

417.936.— Harvester  —  J,  &  W.  Paterson, 
Stockton,  Cal. 

417.882.— Miner's  Candlestick— G.  Peterson, 
Tuscarora,  Nev. 

417.885.— FRUlT-PiTTER—Sanguinelti  &  Steven- 
son. V.tllecito.  Cal. 

417.888.— Propeller— R.  Stevenson,  S.  F. 

418.096,— Turntaiile  Mechanism— Watriss  & 
Heynemaan,  S.  F. 

417,961.— Sprav  Pump— a.  W.  White,  San  Jose, 
Cal. 

417,894.— Leak  Stopper  for  Vessels  — W. 
Wmchester.  Mare  Uland.  Cal. 

The  following  brief  list  by  telegraph,  for  Jan,  i, 
will  appear  more  complete  on  receipt  of  mail  advices; 

California-Mark  Anthooy,  San  FranclBCO,  station  in- 
dicator; the  eame,  etrctit  or  atatioD  indicator;  Jobn  W. 
Bro>^D,  S^n  Francisco,  eection  bridge;  Joseph  P.  Des- 
tabyo  act!  K.  Mortimer  Pctera,  aaeh  lotk;  Culvin  EwinR, 
San  FranciHco,  cotlar-atulllng  machine;  Icaac  S.  Gold- 
man,  Loa  Ancelce  (aaeignor  of  part  to  H.  TImkio  and 
R.  B  Leare,  San  Diego),  organ  motor;  S.  B.  Hackley, 
San  Francisco  hydrant  coupler;  Anrirew  G-  Norton,  Ar- 
royo Granile,  windmill;  Alonzo  P.  Payaon,  San  Fr:in- 
cisco,  setting  epeed  and  K&u;,'e  for  drcd^era;  John  Rin- 
gen,  Coronado,  npparatua  for  utilbingaurf-power;  James 
M.  Whitburn,  Lob  Angek-s,  hydrocarbon  burner. 

NOTB.  — Coplea  of  U.  S.  and  Foreign  pateota  furnished 
by  Dewey  d:  Co.,  in  the  Bhortest  time  possible  (by  mall 
or  telegraphic  order).  American  and  Foreign  patents 
obtained,  and  ifcneral  patent  bualness  for  Pacitio  Coaet 
iDventors  traiiaacted  with  perfect  security,  at  reasooablo 
rates,  and  In  the  abortest  possible  time. 


will  set  more  evenly  arooad  the  dange  oa  the 
end  o(  the  can,  and  aa  the  cans  are  carried 
along  on  the  belt  the  solder  has  time  to  oool. 


Notices  of  Recent  Patents. 

Among  the  patents  recently  obtained  through 
Dewey  &  Co. 'a  Scientific  Press  U,  8.  and 
Foreign  Patent  Agency,  the  following  are 
worthy  of  special  mention: 

Mustacse-Holder.  —  W.  H.  Masterman, 
Alameda.  No.  417,876.  Dated  Ddo.  24,  18S9. 
The  object  of  this  invention  is  to  provide  a 
simple,  effective  and  readily  applied  guard, 
which  will  easily  and  accurately  fit  the  face 
and  pass  over  the  muBtache,  holding  a  portion 
of  it  back  firmly  and  compactly  against  the  lip 
and  cheeks,  whereby  it  is  kept  out  of  the  way 
in  eating,  and  especially  in  partaking  of  liquid 
food,  snch  as  aonp. 

Vineyard  Plow. — John  A.  Bilz,  Pleasanton, 
Alameda  Co.  No.  417.855.  Dated  Deo.  24, 
1889.  This  is  a  novel  construotion  for  plows 
which  is  specially  adapted  for  oultivating  the 
soil  where  there  are  rows  of  vines,  shrubs  or 
trees  and  where  it  is  necessary  to  plow  close  to 
the  roots  or  stems  while  maintaining  the  beam 
and  handles  of  the  plow  at  a  considerable  dis- 
tance to  one  aide  in  order  to  avoid  the  limbs 
and  npper  portion  of  the  plant.  It  consiets  in 
the  combination  of  a  reveraible  plow,  a  beam  to 
which  said  plow  is  connected  and  about  which 
it  may  be  turned,  and  handles  and  olevia  made 
adjustable  with  relation  to  the  beam,  so  aa  to 
stand  at  any  desired  angle  thereto. 

Tag-Holder. — Samuel  Baumao,  Santa  Cruz 
No.  417,852.  Dated  Deo.  24,  1889. 
vice  is  intended  for  marking  goods  in  dry-gooda 
stores,  Buoh  as  are  known  as  piece-goods.  The 
invention  waa  described  and  illustrated  in  the 
Press  of  Dec.  2l8t  last. 

Ventilator. — Peter  Abrahamson,  S.  F.  No. 
417,851.  Dated  Deo.  24,  1889.  The  inven- 
tion relates  to  that  olass  of  ventilators  in  which 
a  box  having  an  opening  on  each  aide  is  em- 
ployed. The  object  of  the  invention  ia  to  pro- 
vide a  simple  and  effective  ventilator  providing 
for  the  free  and  nninterrupted  passage  of  the 
incoming  and  outgoing  currents,  thereby 
effecting  perfect  ventilation. 

Delivery  Attachment  for  Can-Machines. 
Joseph  Black,  S.  F.  No.  417,856.  Dated  Dec. 
24,  1889.  This  is  a  delivering  device  uaed  in 
connection  with  oanomaohlnes  by  which  the 
cans  are  taken  from  the  machines  proper  and 
delivered  at  any  given  point.  Though  the  In- 
vention is  applicable  to  any  can-machine,  from 
which  it  is  required  to  receive  the  cane  in  a 
horizontal  or  inclined  position  and  to  deliver 
them  in  an  upright  position,  it  is  especially  ap- 
plioable  as  an  attachment  for  a  soldering  ma- 
chine, In  which  the  cans  are  rolled  in  a  suitable 
way  or  trough  through  a  bath  of  molted  solder 
therein.  The  Invention  conaista  in  the  novel 
combination  of  the  guides  or  tracks  and  the 
traveling  carrier.  The  object  of  turning  the 
can  on  end  is  to  enable  the  solder  to  set  better 
while  the  can  is  in  an  upright  position,  than  if 
it  were  oODtloned  in  an  inclined  position,  as  It 


Gate.  —  Arthur  \V.  Edwards,  Shingle 
Springs,  £1  Dorado  Co.  No.  417,861.  Dated 
Ddo  24,  18S9.  This  is  one  of  that  class  of  gates 
in  which  the  gate  is  mounted  by  means  of 
suitable  rollers  upon  a  tilting  track,  whereby  It 
opens  and  closes  by  gravity,  according  to  the 
direction  in  which  the  track  is  inclined.  The 
patent  covers  details  of  construction  and  cer- 
tain combinations  of  devices. 

Miner's  Candlestkic. — Onstavns  Peterson, 
Tusoarora,  Nevada.  No.  417,882.  Dated  Dec. 
24,  1S89.  The  invention  relates  to  that  class 
of  miner's  candleeticke  in  which  are  combined 
a  epear  or  piercing  atick  or  bar,  a  hanging  up 
hook,  aaooket  for  the  candle,  a  fase-cutter  and 
a  oap-crimper.  The  patent  covers  the  novel 
arrangement  and  construction  of  these  several 
parts  in  a  single  candlestick. 

Fruit-Cuttino  and  Pitting  Machine. — 
Luke  Sanguinetti  of  Vallecito  and  W.  T. 
Stevenson  of  Douglas  Flat,  Calaveras  Co.  No. 
417.885.  Dated  Dec.  24,  1889.  The  invention 
consists  in  a  caived  knife  for  cutting  the  fruit 
and  provided  with  teeth  for  engaging  the  pit 
or  stone,  a  rotary  feed-wheel  provided  with 
pins  or  points  for  engaging  the  fruit  and  carry- 
ing it  down  upon  the  curved  knife,  a  hopper 
(or  directing  the  fruit  to  the  wheel,  a  feed- 
blook  for  controlliog  the  feed  of  the  fruit  and  a 
vibrating  screen  for  separating  the  pits  from 
the  cut  fruit. 

Book  Rest. — Wm.  C.  Dow,  Fresno.  No. 
417,860.  Dated  Deo.  24,  1889.  The  invention 
consists  in  the  novel  extenaible  andcontractible 
frame,  the  stops  for  the  book-oovera,  the  ad- 
justable leaf-holder  and  line-marker,  theadjuat* 
able  supports  and  details  of  construction  and 
arrangement.  The  objeot  is  to  provide  a 
simple  book-rest  adapted  to  be  adjusted  to 
different  sizes  of  books  and  which  la  provided 
with  a  means  for  holding  the  leaves  open  and 
marking  the  lines  in  copying. 

Scouring,  Grinding,  Polishing  and  Smut- 
ting Composition — James  C.  Holloway  and 
John  Frey,  S.  F.  No.  417.866.  Dated  Dao. 
24,  1889.  This  is  a  new  and  useful  composition 
of  matter,  the  general  object  of  which  is  to 
grind,  and  the  particular  objeot  of  which  is  for 
nse  in  machines  for  smutting,  scouring  and 
polishing  grain.  The  mixture  is  applied  to  the 
circumference  of  a  light  iron  cylinder,  until  it 
is  coated  to  a  thickness  of  about  one  inch  or  1^ 
inch.  This  cylinder  is  then  placed  in  an  oven 
and  allowed  to  remain  for  about  12  hours  under 
a  high  degree  of  heat.  It  ia  then  taken  out  and 
while  cue  coacmg  is  acui  uui>  aoa  i«b  purca  .»-<> 
open,  they  pour  over  it  some  of  the  liquid  ex- 
tract of  eucalyptus  until  the  composition  re- 
fuses to  absorb  any  more,  the  cylinder  being  re- 
volved during  the  application  and  until  the  ex- 
tra coating  or  supply  of  extract  ia  dry.  Thla 
last  application  of  extract  of  euoalyptua  com- 
pletely filla  up  the  pores  of  the  composition 
and  renders  the  absorption  of  moisture  impos- 
sible, and  the  solidity  of  the  whole  composition 
is  increased.  Silica  is  uaed  in  the  composition 
to  act  as  a  cutting  or  grinding  surface  of  a 
frlctional  nature,  the  other  material  serving  as 
a  bond  for  holding  the  particles  of  silica  to- 
gether, and  being  of  a  softer  nature  it  wears 
away  more  rapidly,  leaving  the  sharp  edges  and 
points  of  the  silica  particles  projecting  from  the 
composition  which,  thus  by  friction,  operate  to 
effect  the  result  desired. 

Combined  Harvester.— James  and  William 
Paterson,  Stockton.  No.  417,936.  Dated 
Dec.  24,  1889.  The  patent  on  this  traveling 
harvester  and  thraaher  covers  a  main  frame 
upon  which  the  thrashing  and  cleaning  meoh 
aniems  are  supported,  a  single  driving-wheel 
for  communicating  power  to  said  mechanisms,  a 
pole  rigidly  secured  to  the  frame  and  extending 
in  front,  a  swiveled-wheeled  frame  supporting 
The  de-  the  front  end  of  the  pole,  means  for  the  attach- 
ment of  a  team  to  said  swiveled  frame,  and  for 
the  attachment  of  a  second  team  between  the 
machine  frame  and  swiveled  frame,  a  timber 
rigidly  secured  to  the  right  side  of  the  main 
frame,  and  extending  at  right  angles  thereto,  a 
non-driving  wheel  at  the  outer  extremity  of 
aaid  timber,  a  header-frame  suspended  from 
eaid  timber  so  as  to  swivel  thereon,  and  a 
means,  comprising  a  bell-crank  lever,  chain 
and  pawl  and  rack,  for  raising  the  front  of  the 
header  frame. 

Water-Wheel, — Cbaa.  J.  Green,  Placer- 
ville.  No.  417,865.  Dated  Dec.  24,  1889, 
This  improvement  in  momentum  or  hurdy- 
gurdy  wheels  conaista  in  backeta  adjaatably  ar- 
ranged upon  the  wheel-rim,  and  so  placed  with 
relation  to  each  other  that  a  certain  proportion 
of  water  from  the  nozzle  ia  diaoharged  into  the 
bucket  nearest  to  the  nozzle,  while  the  remain- 
der strikes  the  bucket  just  behind  the  first 
one  ;  and  also  In  a  means  for  adjusting  theae 
buckets  so  as  to  change  the  proportion  of  water 
which  is  diaoharged  into  the  first  and  second 
buckets.  In  this  class  of  wheels  the  buokets 
are  made  of  snob  a  form  that  the  water  which 
is  discharged  from  the  nozzle  under  a  high 
pressure  is  received  into  the  buokets  so  as  to 
pasB  around  the  concavity  of  the  bottom  and 
be  discharged  at  the  outer  edges,  this  being  a 
common  form  of  construction  in  several  well- 
known  wheels.  In  this  invention  Mr.  Green 
improves  the  construotion  of  the  wheel  by  mak- 
ing theae  buokets  transversely  adjustable  to 


and  from  the  center  of  the  rim  of  the 
wheel  and  placing  them  with  relation  to 
each  other,  ao  that  the  stream  of  water  ia  al- 
ways divided  between  two  buokets,  one  of 
which  is  behind  the  other. 

Centrifccal  Auxiliarv  Propeller. — Rob- 
ert Stevenson,  S.  F.  No.  417  888.  Dited 
Deo.  24,  1889.  This  ia  a  dtvice  for  assisting 
in  the  propulsion  of  vessels  throogh  the  water. 
Itoonsista  of  radial  blades  or  mugs,  having 
the  exterior  edges  either  tapered  or  in  straight 
or  curved  lines  from  front  to  rear,  and  secured 
to  a  shaft  projecting  from  the  bow  of  the  ves- 
sel and  beneath  the  surface  of  the  water,  ao 
that  when  driven  at  a  high  rate  of  speed  the 
centrifugal  action  of  these  hladea  will  throw 
the  water  outwardly  and  produce  a  partial 
vacuum  or  open  apace  in  front  of  the  bow  of 
the  vessel,  into  which  it  may  be  moved  or 
forced  with  less  expenditure  of  power  than 
when  the  vessel  is  moved  into  water  in  its  ordi- 
nary condition.  This  invention  was  illastrated 
and  more  fully  described  in  the  Press  of  last 
week. 

New  Incorporations. 

The  following  companies  have  been  incorporated, 
and  papers  filed  in  the  office  of  the  Superior  Court, 
department  lo,  San  Francisco  : 

Guatemala  &  California  Cons.  Co.,  Dec. 
27.  Object,  to  receive  concessions  from  the  Gov- 
ernment of  Guatemala,  buy  and  sell  real  estate  in 
that  Republic,  import  into  and  export  goods  ihere- 
from  and  manufacture  goods  there.  Capital  stock, 
$1,000,000.  Directors— Mrs.  M.  R.  Crosswell  and 
Mrs.  M.  L,  Crawford  of  Guatemala  and  John  B. 
Turrill,   R.  B.  Brower  and   John  Lee  of  this  city. 

Alaska  Coal  Co.,  'Dec.  27.  Capital  stock, 
$2,000,000.  Directors— E.  M.  Patterson,  B.  E. 
Handy,  W.  H.  Craig  of  Oakland,  and  L.  B.  Hatch 
and  D.  C.  Gray  of  S.  F. 

North  American  Commercial  Co.,  Dec.  31. 
Object,  to  hunt  fur-bearing  animals  and  sell  the 
skins;  also,  to  deal  in  lands  and  construct  boats  and 
other  apparatus  necessary  for  hunting  and  transpor- 
tation purposes;  also,  to  build  all  kinds  of  buildings 
for  the  purposes  expressed;  also,  to  purchase  and 
sell  all  kinds  of  machinery,  goods,  wares  and  mer- 
chandise; also,  to  construct,  purchase  and  operate 
trading-posts.  Capit^il  stock,  $2,000,000.  in  20,000 
shares.  Directors — Lloyd  Tevis,  Henry  Cowell, 
Albert  Miller,  Matthias  Meyer  and  Isaac  Liebes. 

Economy  Building  and  Loan  Association, 
Dec.  31.  Capital  stock,  $1,000,000.  Directors^ 
Barry  Baldwin,  Moses  Blum,  James  K.  Wilson, 
William  D.  English,  H.  R.  Willias,  Geo.  D.  Toy, 
Bernard  Faymonville,  Isaac  Anderson  and  Charles 
G.  Clinch. 

Installment  Home  Association,  Dec.  31. 
Object,  to  deal  in  real  estate  and  the  construction 
of  homes.  Capital  stock,  $5,000,000.  Directors- 
Felix  Mprniisfi,  A.  S-  T-^de  (iner^P-  A.  Ci  SirMMh^r. 
land,  M,  B.   Frost  and  Eugene  F.   Bert. 

San  Francisco  Noveltv  and  Plating 
Works,  Dec.  31.  Object,  to  manufacture  and 
deal  in  amalgamating  plates  and  other  articles  for 
commercial  use.  Capital  stock,  $30,000,  in  300 
shares.  Directors — Andrew  Rudgear,  Isaac  N. 
Demorest,  William  E.  Sheepman,  Isidore  M.  Merle 
and  Adrian  J.   Merle. 

Popular  Railroad  Guide  Co.,  Dec.  31.  Ob- 
ject, to  publish  a  railroad  guide  and  hotel  di- 
rectory. Capital  stock,  $25,000.  Directors — J. 
Oliver  Evans,  Taliesin  Evans,  John  L.  Bromley, 
Fred  L.  Button  and  Arthur  F.   Price. 

Poso  Creek  Lumber  Mill.  Dec.  31.  Capital 
stock,  $100,000.  Directors— Myer  Ebrman,  Chas. 
Green,  Samuel  Sussman,  John  Alexander  Camp- 
bell and  Joseph  Ebrman. 

Apollo  Con.  M,  Co.,  Dec.  28.  Capital  stock, 
$2,000,000.  Directors— G.  C,  King.  W.  W.  Gol- 
lin,   R.   Neuman,  L.  Sloss  and  G,  Niebaum. 


Meetings  and  Elections. 

Annual  meetings  and  elections  have  been  held  by 
the  following  mining  companies  : 

Peer  M.  Co.,  Dec.  26:  V/.  S.  Lyle,  president; 
C.  H.  Fish,  vice-president,  and  J.  B.  Low,  A.  B. 
Clute  and  E.  Gauthier,  directors.  Aug.  Watennm 
was  re-elected  secretary,  and  William  Pickett,  Supt. 

Peerless  M.  Co.,  Dec.  26:  William  S.  Lyle, 
president;  C.  H.  Fish,  vice-president,  and  J.  B.  Low, 
A.  B.  Ruggles  and  E.  Gauthier,  directors;  Aug. 
Waterman,  secretary,  and  William  Pickett,  Supt. 

Weldon  M.  Co.,  Dec.  26:  William  S.  Lyle, 
president;  C,  H.  Fish,  vice-president,  and  J.  B.  Low, 
A.  B.  Ruggles  and  A.  B  Clute,  directors;  Aug. 
Waterman,  secretary,  and  William  Pickett,  Supt. 

Combination  M.Co.,  Dec.  26:  William  S.  Lyle, 
president;  C.  H.  Fish,  vice-president,  and  J.  B.  Low, 
A,  B.  Clute  and  A.  B.  Ruggles,  directors;  Aug. 
Waterman,  secretary,  and  William  Pickett,  Supt. 


The  Southern  Pacific  Co.  paid  taxes  amount- 
ing to  $582,159  this  week.  The  whole  amount 
of  taxes  for  the  year  1889  charged  upon  the 
railroads  aaseaaed  to  the  State  Board  of  Equal- 
ization was  $668,024.45,  of  which  $292  328.06 
was  for  State  purposes  and  $375,696.09  for 
counties  through  which  the  roads  run.  Of 
these  taxes,  $667,778  37  has  been  paid,  leaving 
$245,78  delinquent,  which  is  due  from  the  Pull- 
man Palace  Car  Company,  the  only  company 
aasesaed  by  the  State  Board  of  Equalization 
which  failed  to  make  payment  of  its  taxes. 

The  California  Wire-Works  have  discon- 
tinued the  retailing -branch  of  their  busineaa 
and  moved  their  main  oflBce  to  the  factory,  332 
Bay  street,  corner  of  Mason.  The  city  office 
has   been  establiahed  at  No.  9  Fremont   street. 

Telegraphic  diapatches  state  that  a  very 
rich  deposit  of  cinnabar  ore  has  been  found  30 
miles  from  Tacoma,  Washington. 


Bullion  Shipments. 

We  quote  shipments  since  our  last,  and  shall  be 
pleased  to  receive  further  reports; 

Con.  California  and  Virginia,  Dec.  28,  $48,770; 
Justice,  28,  $5670;  Hanauer,  24,  $4750;  35,  $5100; 
Young  America  South,  27,  $8630;  Hanauer.  27, 
$4800;  Chollar.  31,  $13,736;  Hanauer.  28,  $2550; 
Mt.  Diablo,  28,  $10,831;  Savage,  28,  $22,315;  Alice, 
27.  $23,848. 


DBLIKQUBNT    SALE    NOTICE. 
Booth    Gold   Mining  Company.   Location 

of  principal  place  of  bualne^e,  San  Francisco,  Cali- 
fornia, Location  of  Works,  Auburn,  Placer  Co.,  Cal, 
NOTICE.— Thoro  is  delimiuent  upon  the  foUowinj,' 
iIoBcribfd  Stock,  on  account  ol  AflaoHsment  (No.  i),  levied 
OD  the  -ZSd  day  of  November.  ISS9.  the  several  amounta 
Bet  opposite  the  names  of  the  respective  Shareholders, 
OS  followe: 

No. 
Certifi-       No. 
Namrb.  cate.      Shares.      Am't. 

Richard  Chenory,  Truflteo 1(10         0,275      $125  50 

Kichard  Chenery 17  5  lo 

Cba  les  F.  Eaton , 171  300  (i  00 

Charles  F.  Fnton 172  300  6  00 

Cliarlcp  F.  E  iton 173  CO  1  20 

R.  N.  Graven,  Trustee MS  250  6  00 

E.  S.  Harrison 177         1,000         20  00 

Geo.  R.  Spinney,  Trustee 82  312  fl  24 

Geo.  R.  Spinney.  Trustee 176  500         10  00 

E.  P.  SIOBSOo,  Trustee 181  50O         10  00 

And  in  accordance  with  law,  and  an  order  of  the  Board 
of  Directors,  made  on  the  23d  day  of  No  ember,  1889,  so 
many  shares  of  each  parcel  of  auch  Stock  as  may  be 
necessary,  will  be  eold  at  public  Auction,  at  the  sales- 
room of  Middleton  &  Sharon,  No.  22  Moiittromery  street, 
San  Francisco,  California,  on  MONDAY.  THE  TWENTI- 
ETH {20th)  DAY  OF  JANUARY,  1S90,  at  the  hour  of  3 
o'clock  p.  M.,  of  said  day,  to  pay  said  Delinquent  Assess- 
ment thereon,  together  with  costs  of  advertising  and 
expenses  o(  the  sale. 

GEO.  R.  SPINNEY,  Secretary. 
Ofhce,  310  Pine  St.,  Room  2S, San  Francisco,  Califoroia. 


PRACTICAL 


Books  on  Mining 

AND  IRRIGATION. 


PRACTICAL.  GOtD-MINING.  — A  comprehen- 

jjsive  treatise  on  the  origin  and  occurrence  of  gold-bear- 
ing gravels,  rocks,  and  ores,  and  the  metlioda  by  which 
the  gold  is  extracted.  By  C.  G.  Warnford  Lock.  7B8 
pages,  with  S  plates  and  271  engravings  id  the  text. 
4to,  cloth,  $15.00,  express  prepaid. 

IRRIGATION.— Egyptian  Irrigation.  By  W.  Will- 
coc'ds,  with  introduction  by  Lt.  Col.  J,  C.  Rosa.  This 
work  embodies  the  information,  collected  during  four 
and  a  half  J  ears,  of  the  irrigation  systems  of  Egypt, 
Engineering  queatiODs,  such  as  ailt-deposita,  drainage, 
irrigation,  the  Barrages,  Hood  protection,  methods  of 
regulation,  locka,  etc.,  have  been  treated  In  detail.  367 
pages,  large  Svo,  with  26  plates  and  numerous  engrav- 
ings in  the  text.     Price  S15,0O,  express  prepaid. 

MEXICAN  MINES.— Dahlgren'a  Historic  Mines  of 


Descriptive  Catalogue  and  Circulars  of  Books  relating 
to  Aaaa.T  ing.  Mining,  Electricity  and  Mechanical  Engineer 
ng,  sent  free  on  applicafcioo. 

E.  &  F.  N.  SPON,  Publishers, 

13  Cortlandt  St.,  New  York. 


FOR  SALE  CHEAP. 


One  new  double  circular  Sawmill  to  carry  60-inch  bot- 
tom aaw,  with  wtought-iron  bangers  for  top  saw.  Fric- 
tion feed-works,  patent  etael  screw  doublo-throw  head- 
blocks,  with  track  iron,  saw  carriage  and  fcame  complete. 

RISDON  IRON  &  LOCOMOTIVE  WORKS, 

San  Francisco,  Cal. 


DIVIDEND    NOTICE. 


Tlie  Gerian  SaTinis  aM  Loan  Society. 

S36  California  Street. 

For  the  half-year  ending  Dec.  31,  18S9,  a  dividend  has 
been  declared  at  the  rate  of  five  and  forty-hur'dredths 
(5  40-100)  per  cent  per  annum  on  Term  Dep08lts,;and  four 
and  one-half  (4  1  2)  per  cent  per  annum  on  Ordinary 
Deposits.  Payable  on  and  after  Thursday,  Jan.  2, 1890. 
GEO.  TOURNY,  Secretary. 

DIVIDEND   NOTICE. 

SAN  FRANCISCO  SAVINGS  UNION,  532  Cilifornia  St., 
cor.  Webb.  BRANCH,  1700  Market  St.,  cor.  Polk.  For 
the  half-year  ending  with  che  31flt  of  December,  1S89,  a 
dividend  has  been  declared  at  the  rate  of  Five  and  Four- 
Teotha  (5  4-10)  per  cent  per  annum  on  term  deposits  and 
Four  and  One-Half  (4t)per  cent  per  annum  on  ordinary 
deposits,  free  of  taxes,  payable  on  and  after  Thursday, 
the  2d  of  January.  1S90.         LOVELL  WHITE,  Cashier. 

THE  BATTLE  OF  GETTYSBURG, 


On  Market  St. ,  corner  of  Tenth,  is  the  most  realistic  and 
interesting  picture  ever  produced.  Read  what  General 
Howard  aaya  of  It  in  our  Catalogue. 


Open,  0  A.  M.  to  11  P-  M.,  Except  Sundays. 


INVENTORS.     TAKE       NOTICE  I 

L.  petersonTmooel  maker, 

8  Market  St. ,  N.  E.  cor.  Front  (up  stairs),  San    Francsico 
Experimental  machinery  and  alt  kinda  of  models    Tin 

and  brasswork.    All  communications  strictly  confident 

tioL 


12 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Jan.  4,  1890 


PARKE    &    LACY  COMPANY 

IMPORTERS    AND    MANUFACTURERS    OP 

MINING,    MILL    and    GENERAL     MACHINERY. 


ENGINES,  BOILERS,  STEAM  PUMPS, 

AIR  COMPRESSORS,  ROOK  DRILLS, 
WALL'S  CRUSHING  ROLLS, 

CONCENTRATORS,  PULVERIZERS, 
TURBINE  WATER  WHEELS, 

ROCK  BREAKERS,  DRT  JIGS. 

Bullock's  Diamond  Drills 


GOLDEN  GATE  CONCENTRATORS, 

GREftTEST  CAPACITY  OF  ANY  CONCENTRATOR  MADE, 

One  Machine  Taking  Pulp  from  10  Stamps. 


SAW    MILLS,    MACHINE    TOOLS, 
PLANING  MILLS,  INJECTORS  and  EJECTORS 
BELTING,  PACKING,  OILS,  LUBRICATORS, 
FIRE    EXTINGUISHERS, 
CENTRIFUGAL  PUMPS. 
ROTARY  PUMPS,  GANG  BDGERS, 
CAMPBELL'S    STEAM    FEEDS, 
MILL    and    MINE    SUPPLIES. 


«3-:EKr:En. at.    .^.G-ziiNri^s    z^oxi 


WESTINGHOUSE    AUTOMATIC     ENGINES. 


COMPOUND,     5215*HOKSE  POWER, 


SALES  DURING  LAST  FOUR  MONTHS: 

RTAWr>AT?r)  99  ENGINES,  TTIMTOT?  i6e  engines, 

yj-L.ti.±HiJXi.£\ilJ,    4500  HORSE  POWER.  U  U  ±N  X^_» JAi,    4260  HORSE  POWER. 

OiTfizica.    n*ota,l,    309    XIxislxxois,    .A.sex'es«''tlxi.g   13.975  XZoxrse    f>oX'cre>x-. 


21  and  23  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


189  Clarence  St.,  Sydney,  N.  S.  W. 


X880.  3.880. 

CATALOGUE    OF    200    PAGES. 


The  matter  Is  readily 
available .  — Tradesman. 

A  Complete  Work. — 
Colliery  Engineer. 

Handy  for  reference. — 
Siin.  and  Sci.  Press. 

anoniu  DB  ni  iiib  uauua 
of  every  Engineer  and 
Contractor.—  Eng.  and 
Min.  Journal. 

A  valuable  addition  to 
the  literature  on  the 
Subject. — Eng.  and  B'l'g 
Record. 


A  TKE&TISE  AND  HASDBODE  ON 

ROCK  DRILLING 

AIR  COMPRESSING 

Mailed  Free. 


23  Park  Place,  New  York. 


In  reality  a  band- 
book.— J.jn.  Man'fact'r. 

SupplieR  a  long  felt 
v/ant.—Man'/rs'  Record. 

This  Catalogue  is  one 
of  unusual  interest  and 
value.— it  R.  Gazette. 

This  is  a  thoroughly 
good  publication, — En- 
ginecritig  News. 

The  useful  information 
will  be  found  specially 
valuable.  —  Eng.  and 
B'l'g  Record. 

00-, 


LIDGERWOOD  M'F'G  CO. 


MANUFACTtJRBRS    OF 


HOISTING  ENGINES. 

300  Styles  and  Sizes.    5000  in  Use. 


96  Libertj'  St,  New 
York. 

34  &  36  West  Monroe 
St.,  Chicago. 

197  to  203  Congress  St. , 
Boston . 

PARIE  &LACY  CO., 


Agents, 
San  Francisco,  Cal. 


Send  for  Catalogue. 


Lubricating  Compound  and  Cups. 


SOLE  ASBNT  FOR 

A'aiantie 

CRUSHES  PLATES, 

— AND— 

Clirome   Cast    Steel  for 
Bock  Drills,  Etc. 


AlfcAMAMTIIVK. 


H.  D.  MORRIS, 
220  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco, 

MANUFACTDRERS'  anJ  PMHASMfi  AGENT. 

Special  attentic  given  to  purchase  of 

MINE  and  MILL  SUPPLIES. 

ADAMANTINE  SHOES  AND   DIES.— Guar 

mteed   to  prove  better  and  cheaper  than  any  others 
Orders  solicited,  subject  to  above  conditions. 

H.  D.  MOKRTS. 


PERFECXPULLEYS 

First  Premium  Awarded  at  Mechanics'   Fair,    1884 
CJXiOO?     eto     IMC  :E3  S3  S  :]E2  , 

Sole  Liceneed  Manufacturers  of  the 

MEDART    PATENT    WROUGHT    RIM    PULLEY 

for  the  States  of  California,  Oregon  and  Nevada,  and  the  Territories  of  Idaho  WashinirtoD 

Montana,  Wyoming,  Utah  and  Arizona.      Lightest,  Strongest,  Cheapest  and 

Beat  Balanced  Pulley  in  the  World.     Also  Manufacturers  of 

SHAFTING,    HANGERS    AND    APPURTENANCES. 

gS"  Send  for  Circulars  and  Prior  List,'^  ' 
Noe.  129  and  181  FREMONT  STBHET,  BAN    FRANOISOO,  OAL. 


PAT.  OCT.  26,  1881. 


1868. 
Manufacture  commenced  a 
Albany,  J^ew  York. 

1876. 

Introduced  by  us  on  Pacific 
Coast, 

1889. 

Cheap  imitations  having  had 
time  to  show  that  they  are  the 
most  expensive  in  the  end,  the 

Sales  of  the  Oennine  Albany 
Gomponnd  are  Larger  than 
ever  before. 


England,    Belgium, 
France, 

And  other  Foreign  Countries 
are  now  Large  Consumers. 


We  are  also  Sole  Agents  for 
the 

Albany  Cylinder  Oils, 
Albany  Spindle  Oils,  Etc. 


FOE    SALE    ONLY     BY 


TATUM  &  BOWEN 


Sole  Agents  for  the  Pacific  Coast, 

Dealers     in     Improved    Woodworking     Machinery, 

Sawmill  Machinery,  Engines,  Boilers,  Ironworking  Machinery,  Supplies,  Etc. 

Sole  Agents  for  Hoe  Chisel-Tooth  Saw,  Gardner  Governor,  Schultz 
Leather  Belting,  Etc. 

34  AND  36  FREMONT  STREET,  SAN  FRANCISCO. 

85  FRONT  STREET,  PORTLAND,  OR. 


Smelter  For  Sale  or  Exchange. 


One  50-ton,  wrought  iron,  water-jacket  Smelting  Fur- 
nace (36"x60"  at  the  tuyeree)  of  the  latest  design,  wi  h 
Crueher,  Blower,  Boiler,  Pumps,  Engines,  Tools,  and 
everything  complete  for  immediate  delivery,  and  only 
used  about  »ix  months.  Cheap  for  cash,  or  will  exchange 
for  interest  in  a  Lead-Silver  Mine*  or  erect  in  any  mining 
camp  that  will  guarantee  a  certain  output.  For  further 
particulars  ad^ess  Box  2S,  Blkhom,  Uontanft. 


TUBBS  CORDAGE  CO. 

(A  Corporation.) 

Constantly  on  hand  a  full  assortment  of  Manila  Rope, 
Duplex  Rope,  Tarred  Manila  Rope,  Hay  Rope,  Whale  Lin 
etc. ,  etc. 

Extra  elzea  and  lengths  made  to  order  on  short  notice. 

611  &  613  Front  St,  San  Francisco,  Cal, 


Jan.  4,  1890  ] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


13 


AMALGAMATING  MACHINERY. 

stamp  Mills  lor  Wei  or  Dry  Crushing. 
Huntington  Centrifugal  Quartz  Mill.  Drying 
Cylinders.  Amalgamating  Pans,  Settlers, 
Agitators  and  Concentrators.  Retorts,  Bul- 
lion and  Ingot  Moulds,  Conveyors.  Elevators, 
Bruckners  and  Howell's  Improved  While's 
Roasting  Furnaces,  Etc. 


FRASER  &  CHALMERS, 

MINING  MACHINERY 


CONCENTRATING  MACHINERY. 


IMPROVED  CORLISS  va'l^^h'sV^Im  ENGINES.     •K*     BOILERS 


Blake,  Dodgeand  Comet  Crushers,  Cornish 
Crushing  and  Finishing  Rolls.  Hartz  Plunger 
and  Collom  iigs.  Frue  Vanner  &  Embrey 
Concentrators,  Evans',  Calumet.  Collom's 
and  Rittengcr's  Slime  Tables.  Trommels, 
Wire  Cloth  and  Punched  Plates.  OreSam* 
pic    Grinders  and  Heberle  Mills. 


HORIZONTAL.    VERTICAL 
.  .  .  AND  SECTIONAL.  .  .  . 


:X3MI£^X^CI^]SO     S'irE^ABffi     ^^M.Tm^^ 


Hoisting  Engines, 
Safety  Cages, 

Safety  Hooks, 

Ore  CARS,  Water  &  Ore 
BUCKETS, 

Air  Compressors, 

Rock  Drills,  Etc. 

GENERAL  MILL  AND 
MINING  SUPPLIES,  ETC. 
Sectional  Machinery 

FOR 

MULE-BACK 

TRANSPORTATION. 


Pumping  Engines 

and  Cornish 

Pumping  Machinery, 

IMPROVED 
WATER    JACKET 

Blast  Furnaces  for 
Galena  &  Copper  Ores, 

SLAG  GARS  AND  POTS, 

Roots  &  Baker 
Pressure  Blowers, 

SUSPENDED 

TRAMWAYS. 


General  Offices  and  Works:     FULTON  AND  UNION  STS.,  CHICAGO,   ILL. 


BRANCH  OFFICES: 


NEW  YORK,  Room  43. 
7  W.  Second  South 
Oalle  de  Juarez.        LIMA.  PERU,  South  America. 
SOLE    WESTERN    AGENTS    FOB 


,  No.  2  Wall  St.  DENVER,  COLO.,  1316  Eighteenth  St.  SALT  LAKE  CITY,  UTAH, 
St.  LONDON,  ENC,  23  Bucklersbury,  E.  C.  CHIHUAHUA  CITY,  MEXICO,  No.  II 
JOHANNESBURC,  TRANSVAAL,  South  Africa. 

TTLBR    WIRE    WOEK3    DOUBLE    ORIMPBD    MINING    CLOTHS. 


THE     PELTON     WATER     "WHEEL 

GIVES    THE    HIGHEST    EFFICIENCY    OF    ANY    WHEEL    IN    THE    WORLD. 


.¥ 


H"^*-^ 
%^^'^< 


OVER  800  ALREADY  IN  USE. 

Affords  the  Moafc  Simple  and  Reliable  Power  for  all 
Mining  and   Manufacturing   Machinery. 

Adapted  to  heads  running  from  20  up  to  2,000  feet. 

From  12  to  20  per  cent  better  results  guaranteed  than 
can  be  produced  from  any  other  Wheel  in  the  Country. 

ELECTRIC  TRANSMISSION. 

Power  from  these  Wheels  can  be  transmitted  long 
distances  with  small  loss,  and  is  now  extensively  used  in 

light. 

APPLICATIONS 

Should   state  amount,  and  head  of  water,  power  required, 

%j     and  for  what  purpose  ;  with  approximate  length  of  pipe  ; 

also,  whether  the  application  is  with  reference   tn  Wheels 

or  J/o(ors  described  below.     SEND  FOR  CIRCULARS. 

The  Pelton  Water  Wheel  Co. 

121  MAIN  ST.,  SAN  FKANCISCO,  CAL, 


OlST      lk7V-A.1"ES 


itj: 


Varying  from  the  fraction  of  1  up  to  15  and  20-hor8e  power,     Uoequaled    for   all   light-running   maohinery.     Warranted  to  develop  a  given 
amount  of  power  with  one-half  the  water  required  by  any  other,     SST  SEND  FOR  MOTOR  CIRCULAR.     ADDRESS  AS  ABOVE.'SS 


ffletalllirgy  apd  Ore^. 


SELBY 

SMELTING  and  LEAD  CO.. 

416  Uontgomery  St.,  San  Francisco. 

GOLD    AND    SILVER    REFINERY 
And  Assay  Office. 

Highest  Prices  Paid  for  Gold,  Silver  and 
Lead  Ores  and  Solphureta. 

UANUTAOTDRBRJB  OF 

BLUESTONE, 

LEAD  PIPE, 

SHEET  LEAD, 

SHOT,  Etc.,  Etc. 

ALSO  MANlIFAOTaRBKtl    OP 

Standard    Shot-Gun    Cartridges, 

Under  Chamborlin  Patent 


JAMBS    LBFFBL'S 

Mining  Turbine  Water  Wheel. 

Those  Wheels  are  deslgDed  (or  all  purposes  where  limited  quantities  of  water  and 
high  heads  are  utilized,  and  are  guaranteed  to  give  more  power  with  leaa  water  than 
any  other  wheel  made.  Being  placed  on  horizontal  shalt,  the  power  is  transmitted 
durect  to  shaftiog  by  belts,  dispenaing  with  gearing. 

Estimates  furnished  on  application  (or  wheels  specially  built  and  adapted  in 
capacity  to  suit  any  particular  case. 

Further  information  can  be  obtained  of  this  form  of  construction,  as  well  as  the 
ordinary  Vertical  Turbines  for  Wooden  Penstocka  and  in  Iron  Globe  Cases,  free  of  cost, 
by  applying  to  the  manufacturers. 


JAMES    LEPFEL    &    CO.. 


Springfield,  Ohio, 


or  110  Liberty  St.,  New  York. 


FRASER    &    CHALMERS,  General  Agents, 

Chicago,  111.,  and  Denver,  CoL 

PARKE    &    LACY,  General  Agents,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


CALIFORNIA   IRON  YARD. 

HENRY  J,  ROGERS  &  CO. 

Successors  to  CHA3.  CALLAHAN 
IMPORTERS  AND  DEALBRB  IN 

CAST  and  WROUGHT  IRON  SCRAP 

SECOND-HA^ND     IiOII.£BS 

AND  OLD  MACHINERY 

01  every  description. 

Tie  ffiglesl  Price  palJ  for  all  tMs  ol  Metals. 

OFFI08  AND  Yard:    128  and  130  Folsom  St.^  S.  F 

Telephone  No.  67. 


FOR  SALE 

Hydraulic  Mining  Property  in  Soutbera  Oregon.   Good, 
EKtensive.    For  particuHre  (Principals  only)  address, 

"A.  M.,"   Box  77, 

Grants  Pass,  Oregon. 


JOHN  TAYLOR  &  CO.. 

1UP0RTBR8  AND  DBALBRS  IB 

ASSAYERS'    MATERIALS,    MINE 
AND  MILL  SUPPLIES, 

ALSO  CHEMICALS.   AND    PHYSICAL.  SCHOOL    AND 

CHEMICAL  APPARATUS. 
63  &  65  First  St.,  cor.  Mission, San  Francisco. 

We  would  call  the  attention  of  Assayers,  Chemists, 
Mining  Companiea,  Milling  Companiea,  Prospectors,  eta, 
to  our  full  stock  of  Balances,  Furnaces,  Muffles,  Cruci- 
bles, Sooriflers,  eta,  including,  also,  a  full  stock  of 
Chemioals. 

Having  been  engaged  in  furnishing  these  supplies  slnoe 
the  first  discovery  of  mines  on  the  Pacific  Coast,  we  feet 
confident  from  our  experience  we  can  well  auit  the  de- 
mand for  these  goods,  both  aa  to  qualitj'  and  price.  Our 
New  Illustrated  Catalogue,  with  pricea,  will  be  sent  od 
application. 

tS"  Our  Gold  Mid  Silver  Tables,  showing  the  value  pei 
ounce  Troy  at  different  degrees  of  fineness,  and  valuable 
tables  for  computation  of  assays  in  graina  and  grammes, 
will  be  sent  free  upon  application.  Agents  fortbe  Itlor- 
g:an  Crucible  Co.,  London,  England.  Also  tor  E. 
G.  Senuiston's  Silver  Plated  Amalgam  Plates.  The 
plates  of  this  well-known  manufacturer  are  thoroughly 
reliable,  and  full  weight  of  Silver  guaranteed.  Ordeia 
taken  at  his  lowest  prices. 

JOHN  TAYLOR  A  OO. 


Nevada  Metallurgical  Works. 

NO.  23  STEVENSON  STREET, 


0.  A.  LnoBHARDT,  Manager. 


ESTABLISBBD  1800 


Ores  worked  by  any  ProoeBB. 
Ores  Sampled, 

Assaying  in  all  its  Branches. 
Analyses  of  Ores,  Minerals,  Waters,  eto. 
Working  Tests  (practical)  Made. 
Flans   and   Specifications   furnished  for  the 
most  suitable  Process  for  Working  Ores. 

Special  attention  paid   to  Examinations  of 
Mines;  Flans  and  Reports  furnished. 

O.  A.  LUOKHARDT  St  CO., 
(Formerly  Huhn  &  Luokhardt, 
UlnlnfiT  EnKlneers  and  Metallurflrlsts 


^  METALLURGICAL     WORKS. 

^\  318  Pine  St.  (Basement,, 

Corner  of  Leidesdorfl  Street,     •      -     SAN  FRANCISCO 

Ores  Sampled  and  Assayed,  and  Tests  made  by  my 
Process. 
Assaying  and  Analysis  of  Ores,  Minerals  and  Waters, 
Mines  Examined  and  Reported  on. 
Practical  Instruction  given  in  Treating  Ores  by  im- 
proved processes. 

G.  KUSTBL  &  CO., 
Mining  Engineers  and  MetallurGrista. 


THOMAS  PRICE  &  SON, 

Assay  Office,  Chemical  Laboratory, 

BULLION  ROOMS  and  ORE  FLOORS, 

524  Sacramento  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

COIN  RETURNS  ON  ALL  BULLION  DEPOSITS  IN  24  HOURS. 

WORKING    TESTS    OF    ORES    BY    ALL    PROCESSES. 

SPECIAL  ATTENTION  PAID  TO  CONCENTRATION  OF  ORES. 
Ores  Received  on  Oonsigmnent,  Sampled,  Assayed,  and  Disposed 
of  in  the  Open  Market  to  the  Highest  Bidder. 


GREAT     REDUCTION! 

BATTiERY~~SOREENS. 

Best  and  Cheapest  in  America. 

No  imitation,  no  deception,  no  planished  or  rotten 
Iron  used.  Only  genuine  Russia  iron  In  Quartz  Screens. 
Planished  Iron  acreens  at  nearly  half  my  former  rates. 

T  ha\e  a  large  supply  of  Battery  Screens  on  hand 
suitable  for  the  Huntington  and  all  Stamp  Mills,  which  1 
will  sell  at  20  per  oent  discount. 


PERFORATED  SHEET  METAL 

For  Flour  and  Rice  Mills,  Grain  Separators,  Revolving 
and  Shot  Screena,  Stamp  Batteriea  and  all  kinda  of  Min 
Ing  and  Milling  Machinerj'.  Iron,  Steel,  Copper,  Brass. 
Zinc  and  other  metala  punched  for  all  uses. 

Inventor  and  Manufacturer  of  the  celebrated  Slot  Cut 
or  burred  and  Slot  Punched  Screens. 

Mining  Screens  a  specialty,  from  No.  1  to  15  (finej. 
Orders  promptly  attended  to. 

San  Francisco  Pioneer  Screen  Works, 

SI  &  ZZ3  First  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

JOHN  W.  QUICK,  Proprietor. 


Tbls  paper  Is  printed  with  Ink  Manufac- 
tured by  Charles  Eneu  Johnson  &  Co.,  500 
South  10th  St.,  Philadelphia.  Branch  OfiQ- 
ces— 47  Bose  St.,  New  York,  and  40  La  Salle 
St..  Ohicaso.  Affent  for  the  Pacific  OoBst— 
Joaepb  Hi  Dorety.  630  Oommfrclal  Sd  s  F* 


14 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Jan.  4,  1890 


n^Ai^KET  Reports. 


Local  Markets. 

San  Francisco,  Jan.  a,  1890. 

The  year  1889  closed  on  a  close  money  market, 
and  also  on  a  dull  market  in  all  branches  of  trade. 
The  close  money  market  was  due  to  heavy  remit- 
tances to  the  East  in  October,  November  and  the 
fore  part  of  December,  aggregating  about  $10,000,- 
000— real  estate  speculation— and  toward  the  close 
of  December  to  the  paying  of  taxes  and  the  calling 
in  of  money  for  the  payment  of  dividends,  interest, 
etc.  The  transfer  last  week  to  this  city  of  about 
$1,500,000  from  New  York  had  a  beneficial  effect. 
It  is  the  prevailing  impression  that  before  the  end 
of  January  the  money  market  in  this  city  and  the 
Slate  at  large  will  be  very  easy  under  free  disburse- 
ments on  interest  and  dividends,  and  the  payments 
-by  the  State  and  different  cities  and  counties  from 
funds  received  from  taxes. 

The  Eastern  money  market  has  been  very  close, 
with  high  rates  of  interest  reported.  Leading  East- 
ern exchanges  report  that  the  outlook  is  favorable 
for  an  easy  market  after  the  turn  of  the  year,  as  the 
general  disbursements  will  be  heavier  than  for 
years. 

The  local  dividends  for  December  compare  as  fol- 

'°*^  •                                                   18S3.  1S89. 

B,jlt8                       S63,u00 

Gas  and  water  c  mpanies 8126,350  69,600 

Insurance  companies 6.000  },t 

Powder  oompmies 27  OOO  2/ ,000 

Street  railroad  oompames 25,000  12,600 

Sugar   companies 36,000  60,000 

MiDing  companies 26,260  291,000 

Miscellaneous  companies 31,250  35»260 

Totals S502,S60  S572,760 

MEXICAN  DOLLARS— The  market  has  ruled 
dull  throughout  the  week  at  about  75K@7SK  cts. 
The  stock  here  is  reported  to  be  large.considering  the 
nature  of  the  demand.  If  China,  as  reported  by 
cable,  decides  to  coin  silver,  as  is  being  favorably 
considered,  the  demand  lor  Mexican  dollars  will  not 
be  so  large. 

SILVER— The  market  has  ruled  dull  and  heavy 
throughout  the  week.  The  fall  in  sterling  exchange 
has  been  against  the  market.  The  prospects  are  of 
a  most  flattering  character,  based  on  the  following  : 
The  English  Government  will  increase  the  currency 
of  that  country  by  the  reinstatement  of  the  two  and 
a  half  sovereign  and  the  coining  of  more  silver;  more 
coining  by  France,  silver  coining  by  China,  and  an 
increase  in  the  silver  coinage  of  the  other  countries 
which  either  use  silver  exclusively  or  in  conjunction 
with  gold.  It  is  now  a  foregone  conclusion  that  at 
the  present  session  of  Congress  there  will  be  favor- 
able legislation  on  silver— either  increasing  the  pur- 
chase lor  monthly  coinage  to  $4,000,000,  with  free 
coinage  after  the  market  price  reaches  par,  or  else  a 
dom's-pTant"TK!s"'^f^n'"«5fe'=|*?e°i#=HI"'KS!"o-, 
Dec.  14th,  which  is  briefly  as  follows  :  To  open  the 
mints  of  the  United  States  to  the  free  deposit  of 
silver,  the  market  value  of  the  same  {not  to  exceed 
$1  for  412.5  grains  of  standard  silver)  at  the  time  of 
deposit  to  be  paid  in  Treasury  notes,  said  notes  to 
be  redeemable  in  the  quantity  of  silver  which  could 
be  purchased  by  the  number  of  dollars  expressed  on 
the  face  of  the  notes  at  the  time  presented  for  pay- 
ment, or  in  gold,  at  the  option  of,the  Government, 
and  to  be  receivable  for  customs,  taxes  and  all  pub- 
lic dues;  and  when  so  received  they  may  be  reissued, 
and  such  notes,  when  held  by  any  national  banking 
association,  shall  be  counted  as  part  of  its  lawful 
reserve. 

The  United  States  silver  standard  is  900,  which 
is  one-tenth  less  than  the  commercial  basis  of  1000 
fine.  At  $r  an  ounce  of  900  fineness  (Government 
standard),  the  price  would  be  over  $1.29  per  ounce 
1000  fine. 

To-day  (Thursday)  silver  is  stronger  and  higher, 
being  quoted  here  at  96  cents,  with  no  sellers,  and 
in  London  at  44j^d. 

QUICKSILVER-Receipts  the  past  week  ag- 
gregate 214  flasks.     The  market  is  quiet  but  steady. 

BORAX — Receipts  the  past  week  aggregate  564 
centals,  and  exports  by  sea  216  lbs.  to  Guaymas. 
The  market  is  firm  at  full  quotations. 

LIME— Receipts  the  past  week  aggregate  2535 
bbls.,  and  exports  by  sea  400  bbls.  to  Honolulu,  and 
200  bbls.  to  Guaymas.  The  market  is  dull  but 
steady. 

LEAD— The  market  is  reported  steady,  with  the 
usual  demand  at  this  season  of  the  year.  The  East 
reports  a  strong  tone  to  the  market. 

TIN — The  spot  market  for  both  pig  and  plate  is 
unchanged,  but  for  shipment  the  feeling  appears  to 
be  stronger.  The  slock  of  pig  abroad  is  quite  light. 
*  COPPER— The  past  week  47,000  lbs.  copper 
matte  was  shipped  to  Liverpool.  The  market  is 
very  strong  for  all  grades.  Mail  advices  received 
from  New  York  report  heavy  sales  of  Lake  at  14  J^ 
to  14K  cts.  per  lb.  for  delivery  in  the  fore  part  of 
1890.  The  consumption  the  world  over  is  increas- 
ing, with  France  and  Germany  taking  more  freely 
than  before.  In  France  extensive  works  are  being 
constructed  to  prepare  sulphate  of  copperas,  using 
over  10,000  tons  of  copper  to  turn  out  40,000  tons 
of  sulphate  of  copperas.  As  this  goes  into  the 
ground  for  the  destroying  of  phylloxera  and  other 
vine  diseases,  it  sinks  forever,  not  returning  in  the 
shape  of  old  copper,  etc. 

IRON— Imports  the  past  week  aggregate  200 
tons  of  pig  from  Liverpool.  The  local  market  is 
quiet  but  firm.  Holders  are  firm  in  their  views  ow- 
ing to  the  strong  market  abroad.  A  Philadelphia 
exchange  says:  "  Ten  years  ago  the  United  States 
was  making  about  3,000.000  tons  of  pig  iron  per 
annum;  now  we  are  making  8,500,000  tons,  with 
prospects  of  a  still  larger  production  during  1890. 
Ten  years  ago,  when  prices  began  to  advance,  we 
were  flooded  with  foreign  iron,  equal  to  nearly  one- 
third  of  the  domestic  supply,  while  old  rails,  scrap, 
etc.,  came  in  almost  endless  quantities  from  all 
quarters  of  the  globe,  to  say  nothing  of  finished 
iron,  steel  rails,  and  other  material.  Now  with  a 
greatly  reduced  tariff,  we  are  importing  practically 
nothing,    while    at    times    our   iron-roasters   have 


seriously  considered  the  possibility  of  their  being  able 
to  export  iron." 

COAL— Imports  the  past  week  aggregate  as  fol- 
lows: From  Seattle,  7645  tons;  Tacoma,  4650; 
Nanaimo,  2200;  Port  Moody,  1450;  Coos  Bay,  450; 
New  York,  101:  Departure  Bay,  6500;  Liverpool, 
199;  Cliffstone,  200;  Black  Diamond,  1000;  total, 
24,39s  tons.  The  market  for  spot  is  rather  quiet, 
but  some  holders  look  for  more  activity  soon,  but 
while  expecting  a  better  demand,  they  do  not  look 
for  any  better  prices,  owing  to  the  free  stocks  here 
and  readily  obtainable  coast  supplies.  The  rainy 
weather  is  against  the  free  consumption  of  steam 
coals.  For  cargoes  of  Australian  on  passage  and 
for  shipment  the  market  is  quiet  and  reliable  quota- 
tions, or,  at  least,  ' '  bottom  fact "  quotations,  are 
hard  to  get.  

Eastern  Metal  Markets. 

By  Telegraph. 

New    York,  Jan.  2,   1890.— The  following  are 
the  closing  prices  the  past  week: 
Silver  in    Silver  in 


New  York 

Copper. 

Lead. 

Tin. 

Thursday....  43 

94} 

$14  25 

S3  90 

821  00 

Friday 433 

94} 

14  25 

IS* 

Saturday 433 

94} 

14  26 

S  90 

Monday 431 

94} 

14  30 

3  90 

Tuesday 44 

95 

14  20 

Wednesday..  .. 

New  York.  Dec.  31.— Quicksilver  closed  easier 
at  68c.  Pig  lead  is  sparingly  used  at  $3.90.  The 
copper  trade  is  moderate;  no  weakness  in  prices. 
No  pressure  of  offerings.  Lake,  i4@i4Kc;  Mon- 
tana  and  Arizona,  i3@i3J^c;  Casting,  lajic;  Lon- 
don cables,  strong;  £49  17s  6d  Merchant  bars  spot; 
y49  155  future^ 

San  Francisco  Metal  Market. 

■WHOLHSALB. 

Thdbsday,  January  2,  1890. 

Antimony— 25  @  — 

Borax— Refined,  in  carload  lots 74@  71 

Powdered  "         "        "    7|@ 

Concentrated      "         "        "    62® 

All  grades  jobbing  at  an  advance. 

Copper—  „,„«-, 

Bolt Sii  2? 

Sheathing 22  @  24 

ingot,  jobbing '7  @  '8 

do,  wholesale 15  @  lb 

Fire  Box  Sheets 22  W  24 

Lead— Pig 4i@  43 

Bar B  @  — 

Sheet l§  ~ 

Pipe 0  @  ~ 

Shot,  discount  10%  on  500  baga     Drop,  ¥  bag.  1  45  ®  — 

Buck,  ^bag H^  ®  ~ 

Chilled,  do ^  ?^  ^    ;::; 

Steel— English,  lb 16  @      20 

Canton  tool 9@       ^ 

Black  Diamond  tool 9  @     .9 

Pick  and  Hammer 8  @      10 

Machinery *  @       ° 

Toe  Calk H@      - 

TiNPLATE-B.  v.,  steel  grade,  14x20,  P.  S 5  50  (&     — 

B.  v.,  steel  grade,  14s20,  spot 4  95  @  5  10 

Charcoal,  11x20 6  75  M  7  00 

do  roofing,  14x20 5  dO  W      — 

do.  do,  20x28 11  00  <i5      - 

Pigain.spot,  ^  lb 23  @      25 

CoKE-Eng.,  ton,  spot,  in  blk 13  oO  WI5  00 

Do,  do,  to  load !•)  00  @      — 

Qdioksilver— By  the  flask. 47  50  @      — 

Flasks,  new @      — 

>..?!a5^.^.!,  I'A,,-,'  -c.  izz-  •  •  •  u.--^ :.*:;  «.^?-® 

Iron— Ear,  base 3  @ 

Norway,  base 4i(^ 

Spot.  "■- 

fRON- Glengarnock  ton 35  00  @ 

Eglinton,  ton 35  00  @ 

American  Soft,  No,  1,  ton.. @35  00 

Oregon  Pig.  ton @35  00 

Puget  Sound 35  00  @ 

Clay  Lane  White 028  00 

ShottB.  No.l 35  00  Cd35  00 

Bar  Iron  (base  price)  #  fti . . .      —  @     — 

Langloan  35  00  @ 

ThorncUffie 35  00  @ 

Gartsherrle 35  00  @ 


Lumber.  — 

Pine,  Fir  and  Spruce. 

RETAIL. 

Rough  Pine,  merchantable,  40  ft S20  00 

41  to  60  tt 21  00 

51  to  60  ft 23  00 

61  to  70  ft 27  00 

1x3,  fencing 23  00 

1x4,       *'       21  00 

1x3, 1x4  and  1x6,  odd  lentfthe 19  00 

Second  quality 17  00 

Selected 24  00 

Clear,  except  for  flooring 31  00 

Clear  for  flooring 2  00 

Clear  V.  Q.  No.  1  flooring 6  00 

Firewood 14  00 

Dreaeed  Pine,  fioooring,  No.  1, 1x6. . .  32  00 

No.  1,1x4 34  00 

No.  1,  ljx4,  1^x6,  and  odd  sizes 37  00 

All  sizes.  No.  2 27  00 

Stepping,  No.  1 44  00 

Stepping,  No.  2 34  00 

Ship  timber  and  plank,  rough 27  00 

Selected.planed  1  side,  av'ge  40  ft. .  29  00 

«            M       2  "          "       "  "  ..  31  00 

"            "       3  "         "       "  "  ..  33  00 

»            (t       4   ..         .*      .<u  35  00 

Deck  plank,  rough,  average  35  ft 35  00 

Dressed,  average  35  feet 40  00 

Pickets,  rough,  B.  M 20  00 

ixli,  4  ft  long,  ^  M 6  50 

Coal. 


.TOBBIHG. 

S17  00 

18  00 

20  00 

21  00 

19  00 

18  00 

16  00 

16  00 

22  00 

28  00 

'io'66 

29  00 

30  00 

33  00 

24  00 

35  00 

26  00 

18  00 

24  00 

26  00 

28  00 

30  00 

32  00 

36  60 

16  00 

6  00 

Australian  ...  7  50  @  7  75 

Liverpool  St'm    8  50  @ 

West  Hartley.  8  50  @  9  00 

Scotch  Sylint.  9  00  @  9  00 


I  Per  Ton. 

Cardiff 9  50@10  00 

Lehigh  Lump..  16  50@17  00 
Cumberland  bk  16  00@16  60 
Egg,  hard 15  50@16  00 


SPOT    FROM   YARD. 


Wellington % 

Scotch  Splint 9  00 

Greta     9  UO 

Westminster  Brymbo.  9  00 

Nanaimo 9  oO 

Sydney 8  00 

Oilman 7    0 


Seattle 7  00 

Coos  Bay 6  00 

Cannel 12  00 

Egg,  hard 18  00 

Cumberland,  In  sacks  19  00 
do,  bulk 18  00 


Complimentary  Samples. 

Persons  reoeivlDg  this  paper  marked  are  re- 
qaested  to  examine  its  contentB,  term  of  sub- 
Boription,  and  give  it  their  own  patronage,  and 
as  far  as  practicable  aid  in  oiroulating  the 
journal,  and  making  its  valae  more  widely 
known  to  others,  and  extending  its  infiuenoe  in 
the  oauBe  it  faithfully  serves.  Subscription 
rate,  $3  a  year.  Extra  copies  mailed  for  10 
cents,  if  ordered  soon  enough.  If  already  % 
rabsoriber,  pleaae  show  the  paper  to  others. 


MINING    SHAREHOLDERS'    DIRECTORY. 

Compiled  bvery  TnuasDAY  prom  Advertisbmbntb  in  thb  Mining  anl  Scibntific  Prkbb  and  other  S.  F.  Journals 

ASSESSMENTS. 


COMPANT.  Location.  No.  Am't.  Levied. 

Adelaide  Copper  M  Co Nevada..  1..  1--Dec  31. 

Belle  lele  M  Co Nevada.  .13. .  15.  .Dec     4. 

BuUion  M  Co Nevada.  .35. .  23.  .Dec     4. 

BodieCoD  M  Co California.. 11..  25.. Nov  11 

Booth  GMCo California..  4..  2.. Nov  IS. 

Camp  Creek  M  &  M  Co CaUfornia..  1..  2.  .Dec  30. 

Con  Imperial  M  Co 26..  5..Nov  22.. 

Con  New  York  M  Co Nevada..  2...  15.. Dec  11. 

Calaveras  Blue  Gravel  Co lOalifornia..  4..  3.  .Nov  15. 

Exchequer  M  Co Nevada. .28..  25.. Dec  16. 

Goldfu  Giant  M  Co California ^..Dec    17. 


Oct  16 
30.. Nov  21.. 
30.. Dec  11.. 
50..No\  IB.. 
50. .Dec  27... 
25.. Dec   21, 


25. .Nov  18.. ..Dec  23. 


Gray  Eagle  M  Co....... California,. 15.. 

Grand  Prize  M  Co Nevada.  .23. . 

Kentucfc  M  Co Nevada.. 20.. 

Livermore  Coal  M  Co OaliforLia..  1.. 

Mayflower  Gravel  M.  Co. California.. 45.. 

Mexican  M  Co Nevada.. 39.. 

Mono  GMCo CaUfornia.. 29.. 

North  Occidental  G  &  8  M  Co..  Nevada..  1..        7..D(.c    2. ...Jan 

National  Water  fit  M  Co California..  2..        5. .Dec  21.. ..Jan  28. 

OvermanSMCo Nevada. .61..      25..Dtc  31. ...Feb    5., 

Palisade  MOo Nevada..  2..        5.. Nov    I.... Dec  26. 

Piatt  itGil  onG  M  Co CaUforna..  4..  3  00. .Nov  13.. ..Deo  20. 

RaaBellReduction&MCo... .California..  5..        5. .Nov  11.,  ..Dec  16., 

Savage  M  Co Nevada.. 74..      60. .Nov    5 Dec  10. 

Summit  GM  Co California.. 11..        5.. Nov  14.... Dee  20. 

Trinity  Kiver  Tunnel  &;  M  Co. California..  2..      50.. Nov  27....  Jan 
TeirakofEMCo California,     " 


Dblinq't.     Sale.     Seoretarv.  Place  of  Business. 

-Jan  31.... Feb  28..WH  Graves 426  Saasonie  St 

..Jan    8.. ..Jan  30..J  WPew 310  Pine  Sfc 

.Jan    8....Jao  24..R  R  Graypon 327  tine  St 

..Dec  17.... Jan  22.. E  L  Burling 309  Montgomery  St 

..Dec  28.... Jan  20.. Geo  R  Spinney 310  Pi ue  St 

..Feb  12....MarlO..ASFolger 213  Fremont  8b 

..Dee  27....  Jan  15.. CL  McCoy 329  Pino  St 

..Jan  15. ...Feb    S.-CEEllott 309  Montgomny  St 

.Dec  23  ..,Jan  14..BBurri8 240  Montgonery  St 

Jan  21, ...Feb  n..CEEmott 309  MontgomerylSt 

.Jan  23.... Feb  12..HTBrigga DownieviUe 

Nov  18. ...Jan    4. .J  M  Bufttngton 303  California  St 

.Deo  24....  Jan  15.. RR  GrayBon 329  Pine  St 

Jan  14.... Feb    4..  J  WPew 310  Pine  St 

Dec  1?.... Jan    4..GCHiggin8 120  Sutter  St 

Feb    3. ...Feb  26. .J  Morizlo 328  Montgomery  St 

.Jan  27.... Feb  18.. C  E  Elliott 309  Montgomery  St 


Jau  24..BL  Burling 309  IVlo  tgomery  St 

..Jan  27.. W  H  Wateon 302  Montgomery  St 

..Feb  25.  .P  W  Ames 51(i  California  8t 

..Feb  26.  .G  D  Edwarda 414  California  St 

..Jan  3U..D  Biick 309  Montgomery  St 

,.  Ja,n    6,.0  Herrmann 32tt  Kearny  St 

..Jan    8., J  Morizio 328  Montgomery  Sfc 

..Dee  30.. EB  Holmee 309  Montgomery  St 

..Jan  14.. BL  Burling 309  Montgomery  St 

..Jan  28..LH  Bookman 28  California  St 

..Feb  J4..W  J  Garrett 308  Pine  St 


L.Dec  14.... Jau  21. 
MEBTINOS  TO  BE  HELD. 
Name  of  Company.  Looatton,    Seorhtab.t  Offiok  in  8.  F.  Meeting  Date 

Bald  IVIt  Extension  M  Co California.. J  W  Orear DownieviUe Annual Jan  23 

lowaM  Co Nevada.. C  B  Hfggins 2u8 California Annual Jau  14 

Plait  &  Gilson  M  Co California.. C  Hermann 326  Kearny  St Annual Jan  14 

Sierra  Nevada M  Co Nevada.. E  L  Parker 309  MontgomerylSt Annual Jan  15 

Rising  Sun  M  Co California.. L  Sloss,  Jr 310  Saosome  St Annual Jan  7 

Const  Gothard T  Wetzell 522  M.,ntgomery  St Annual Jan  14 

Guaiucaran  &  Oaliforoia  M  Co E  Oliver 22  Mint  Ave Annual Jai:  8 

Bullion  M  Co Nevada. -RR  Grayson 327 Pine  So Annual Jan  9 

IjAtest  dividends— within  three  months. 

LOOAXION.       SBUEETAHT.  OfFIOK  IN  S.  F  AMOnNT.  PAVABLF 


Name  of  Company. 


10.. 


Champion  M  Co T  Wetzel 622  Montgomery  St.. 

Caledonia  M  C Nevada.. AS  Cbeminant.... 328  Montgomery  St ua.. 

Con  California  &  Va  M  Co Nevada.  .A  W  Havens 309  Montgomery  St 50.. 

Derbec  Blue  Gravtl  M  Co California.. T  WetzeL 522  Montfforaery  St 70... 

Idaho  M  Co California Grass  Valley 5  00. . 

Mt  Diablo  M  Co  Nevada.. K  Heath. 319  Pine  St 30.. 

Pacilie  Borax  Salt  &  Soda  Co.  ..California,  .A  H  Clough 230  Montgomery  St 1  00.. 


.Nov  25 
...Aug  5 
..Dec  10 
.  Aug  25 
...Nov? 

..Oct  23 
,.NovlO 


Mining  Share  Market. 

The  mining  share  market  the  past  week  was  fairly 
active,  with  lively  and  attractive  fluctuations  in  the 
Comstocks,  affording  those  able  to  secure  the  turns 
a  good  daily  profit.  The  activity  at  the  close  of  the 
year  was  not  looked  for,  as  the  prevailing  opinion 
has  been  and  still  is  that  we  are  to  witness  a  lower 
range  of  prices,  so  as  to  force  all  the  outsiders  that 
it  is  possible  into  selling,  after  which  have  a  deal. 
It  is  claimed  that  in  this  month  the  low  prices  will 
come.  Experience  has  taught  the  more  successful 
operators  in  buying  to  pay  cash  for  the  stock  and 
not  to  hold  for  "big  things"  before  selling, and  also 
pay  no  attention  to  points.  In  outside  stocks  trad- 
ing was  light,  noiwithstarding  well^irculated  bull 
points,  chit  fly  in  the  Tuscaroras.  It  is  claimed  by 
some  of  the  better  informed  that  another  line  ol 
assessments  is  to  be  levied  on  the  Quijotoas,  Bodies 
and  Tuscaroras,  after  which  they  will  have  a  deal. 

There  can  be  no  doubt  but  many  of  the  mine 
managers  are  destroying  the  lit'le  confidence  yet  bad 
in  the  mines  by  the  persistency  with  which  they 
gradp  the  ore  to  lower  a.^sav<;  and  aUo  hv  thpir  nnt 
making  puDiic  more  details  regarding  the  assays  and 
the  work  going  on  in  the  mines.  As  a  case  in  inter- 
est we  give  the  following  reoort  of  the  average  assay 
value  of  2009  tons  of  Con.  Virginia  ore  which  is  on 
file  at  the  company's  office  in  this  city: 

Gold.      Silver.       Total. 

Per  Car  samples $8,402    $20,443    $28,845 

"    R.  R.      "     9,106      20,287      29,393 

"    Battery"     8,169       15-536       23.705 

Yield  in  bullion  per  ton:  Gold,  $9674;  silver, 
$12,336;  total,  $22,010. 

The  above  report  is  dated  at  Virginia  City,  Nev., 
May  30,  1885,  and  signed,  W,  H.  Lowell,  clerk 
Con.  Cal.  and  Virginia  Mining  Co.  The  report,  as 
given  above,  affords  stockholders  a  large  degree  of 
satisfaction,  much  more  than  are  those  now  made, 
although  W.  H.  Lowell  still  makes  them  out.  By 
the  reports  now  rendered  stockholders  are  not 
allowed  the  privilege  to  see  the  car  sample  assays, 
nor  are  they  allowed  to  know  what  percentage  the 
mill  returns  to  the  mines.  The  report  given  above 
shows  that  the  then  contractor  (Senator  John  P. 
Jones)  returned  76  per  cent  of  the  assay  of  ores  at 
the  mines. 

The  reports  of  the  Savage  and  Hale  &  Norcross 
mines  do  not  return  more  than  70  per  cent  of  the 
assays  of  ore  at  the  mill,  without  saying  anything 
about  the  loss  in  the  assays  of  ore  at  the  mines, 
which,  if  made  public,  would  show  a  much  larger 
shrinkage.  Several  of  the  other  buUion-producing 
mines  are  managed  in  the  same  unsatisfactory  man- 
ner. 

The  Hale  and  Norcross  bullion  product  in  1889 
was  about  $600,000,  no  dividends;  where  did  the 
bullion  go?  Savage's  bullion  product  was  about 
$260,000,  no  dividends,  but  two  assessments;  Com- 
monwealth's $313,004,  no  dividend;  Cbollar's,  about 
$250,000,  and  $112,000  paid  in  assessment,  but  no 
dividends.  Several  of  the  other  mines  show  equally 
as  bid.  Con.  Virginia's  bullion  product  was  about 
$3,250,000  and  dividends  about  $1,020,000.  Mt. 
Diablo's  product  was  over  $400,000,  and  dividends 
about  $50,000.  The  total  bullion  yield  of  the  mines 
listed  on  the  two  exchanges  in  this  city  was  in 
i88g  about  $6,250,000,  dividends  about  $1,070,000, 
and  assessments  collected,  about  $2,750,000.  The 
above  is  not  the  best  of  showing  for  outside  stock- 
holders, for  out  of  about  $9,000,000,  only  about 
$1,070,000  were  returned  in  dividends. 

The  market  opened  this  (Thursday)  morning  dull 
and  slightly  lower.  After  the  regular  call  the  Com- 
stocks strengthened,  with  an  average  advance  of 
about  10  per  cent  recorded. 

Reliable  news  from  the  Comstock  mines  continues 
hard  to  get  This  is  usually  the  case  when  stocks 
are  being  depressed  so  as  to  get  them  in  as  low  as 
possible.  Private  information  speaks,  as  heretofore, 
very  encouragingly  of  the  situation,  and  hopes  are  en- 
tertained of  a  new  development  soon.  This  devel- 
opment may  be  more  in  name  than  in  real  game,  so, 
if  possible,  to  peddle  out  slocks.  Official  letters  re- 
ceived from  the  Gold  Hill  mines  were  only  received 
this  morning  from  Challenge,  Con.  Imperial  and 
Crown  Point,  The  information  about  the  work  in 
the  mines  is  about  the  .same  as  given  last  week. 
Crown  Point  reports  less  ore  sent  to  mill  and  the 
battery  assays  less.  Letters  from  Hale  and  Nor- 
cross and  Savage  were  not  on  file  when  the  writer 
called.     As  private  information  from  these  mines 


has  been  at  variance  with  the  official  letter,  the  lat- 
ter is  not  considered  much.  The  work  now  going 
on  in  Union  and  Mexican,  Ward  shaft,  Belcher, 
Seg.  Belcher  and  Yellow  Jacket  deserves  careful 
watching,  as  does  that  in  Con,  Virginia. 


Table  of  Lowest  and  Highest  Sales  In 
S.  F.  Stock  Exchange. 


AJpba... 

Alta 

^dea 

Belcher 

BeBt  &  Belcher,... 

Bullion 

BodieOon 

Beoton 

Bulwer 

Commonwealth  ... 
Oon.  Va.  &Oal.... 

OhallenK^ 

OhoUar 

uunnaence 

Oon.  Imperial 

Caledonia 

Crown  Point 

Crocker 

BureKaOon 

Exchequer 

Grand  Prize 

Oould&  Ourry 

Hale  &  Norcross.. 

JuUa 

Justice 

Kentuck 

Lady  Wash 

Mono 

Mexican 

Navajo 

North  BeUelflle..., 

Nev.  Queen 

Occidental 

Ophlr 

Overman.. 

Potosi. 


1.05 
1.15 
45 
2.15 
2.10 


Peer.. 


a.B.&M 

Sierra  Nevada. . 

Silver  Hill 

Scorpion 

Union  Oon 

mall 

Weldon 

7ellow  Jacket.., 


Wkkk 
Ending 
Doc.  IL 


25 
15 

1.65 


.56 
.60 

1.65 

2.1 

i!50 
.70 
.30 


2.60 
.25 
.90 
.75 
.76 

3.65 


15 
1.30 
1.01 
2.25 

35 


2.66 
,65 


Week 
Ending 
Dec.  18. 


.75  1.05 

1  10  1  " 

.30 

1.60  2.10 

2.25  2.6i 

.40  .41 

.60  .70 


.16 


1.06 
2  05 


3.10 
.25 
.35 

1.30 

2,30 
.30 

1.25 
.35 
.25 
.06 

2.20 


1.70 

.25 

3.20 


10 
1.40 


2.10 
.50 


1. 00 
.70 

3.60 
.70 

2.25 
.35 

i 

1.0,5 

2.15 

.30 


Week 
Ending 
Dsc.  25 


.80 

1.25  1.3U 

.40  .45 

1.85  2.15 

2.35  2.50 


.66 


3:00 
4  26 
1.10 
2.15 

.a 

.15 

1.50 
.26 

".25 
.35 
1.30 
2.30 
30 


30 
40 

2.20 
30 

1.10 


1.65 
1.16 


.16 
2.40 


2.25    2.461.76    2.201.70    2.551.95    2.20 


Week 
Ending 
Jan.  2. 


1  00    1.15 
1.3J    1.55 


2.25 
2  86 


2.S5  3.06 

4!  Si 

1.30  1.55 

2.35  2.76 
. .  OO  t.-ia 

.33  .35 

.26  .... 

1.60  2.bO 

.26  .30 

"25  ".35 

.65  .... 

1.36  1.65 
2.50  2.85 

.30  .35 

1.26  l.tO 

.55  .60 

.35  .... 

.50  .... 

2.35  2.80 

i!66  iiio 

1.00 

70  .80 

3.30  3.90 

70 


1.90 

35 

10 

1  40 

1.10 


.20 


2.15    2.60 
65      .70 


Sales  at  San  Francisco  Stock  Exchange. 


Thursday.  Jan.  2. 9:30 a.m. d  50 

I'O  Belcher 2.00  500 

150  Bodje 69c   350 

750  Bullion 3'c   100 

300  Obollar 2.40  3O0 

350  Commonwealth 3.10  300 

150  Crown  Point ;..1.75;  300 

100  Gould  SiCurrr 1.401  150 

400  JuUa 36c    100 

200  Mexican 2.45   150 

150  Mono 40c|  100 


Navaio 25c 

N.  Commonwealth.  .  .80c 

Occident 70c 

Opnir  3  45 

Overman. 70c 

PotoBi 1.90 

Savage 1.60 

S.  B.  ilL 1.25 

Silver  Hill 36o 

Union  2.25 

Weldon i.5c 


We  beg  to  call  the  attentioD  of  oar  readers  to 
the  Teohnloal  Pablicatioae  of  Heary  Cirey  Baird 
&  Co.,  Philadelphia,  advertised  each  week  in 
our  advertising  colnmna.  This  honse,  one  of 
the  oldest  pabliahing  houses  in  the  United 
States,  having  been  established  by  Mathew 
Carey  in  1785,  has  jast  completed  its  40  years 
of  the  specialty  of  the  publication  of  books  in 
indnstrial  literature.  Its  catalogue  of  86  pages, 
which  will  be  sent  free  of  postage  to  any  one  in 
any  part  of  the  world  who  will  furnish  his  ad> 
dress  to  the  publishers,  now  comprises  books 
on  nearly  every  existing  art  and  industry, 

Suooessful  Patent  Solicitors. 

As  Dewey  &  Co.  have  been  in  the  patent  soliciting  bus!* 
0688  on  this  Coast  now  for  eo  many  years,  the  firm's  name 
Is  a  well-luiown  one.  Another  reason  for  its  popularity 
is  that  a  great  proportion  of  the  Pacific  Coast  patenta 
iBBued  by  the  Government  have  been  procured  through 
their  agency.  They  are,  therefore,  well  and  thcroughly 
posted  on  the  needs  of  the  progressive  industrial  classes 
of  this  Coast.  They  are  the  best  posted  firm  on  what 
baa  been  done  in  all  branches  of  industry,  and  are  able 
to  judge  of  what  is  new  and  patentable.  In  this  they 
bave  a  great  advantage,  which  is  of  practical  dollar  and 
cent  value  to  their  olients.  That  tliis  is  understood  and 
appreciated.  Is  evidenced  by  the  number  of  patents 
Issued  through  theh:  SoiiDrn?io  Prbss  Patent  Agency  (S, 
F.)  from  week  to  week  and  year  to  year. 


Jan.  4,  1890] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


16 


^MM^ 


nipg  <.« 


V     S^{§R^:CIS^Q}jCMLi 


s-A.^VE3     nvi:  <3  isj  e; 


BY    USING 


WATER  POWER  TRANSMITTED  BY  ELECTRICITY 

To  Run  your   Mills,   Hoists   and   Trams. 

For  (Areolar  giving  particaUn  Bend  to 

KEITH    ELECTRIC    CO.. 


-  MASCTACrUBKBS  OP  — 


Apparatus  for  Electric  Light  and  Electric  Power, 

OFFICE,  40  NEVADA  BLOCK, 


Factory,  Stevenson  St.,  bet.  Kret  and  Eeker. 


SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 


HORACE  D.  RANLETT, 

Ores,  Mining,  and  Commission, 

420  MoDtffomery  St.,  8.  F. 

Ships  ander  ftdTft.nc«9  to  giQeltiDi,'  worka  in  Boston, 
St-w  York,  B*ltimore  uid  Liverpool. 

TwcDty-one  years'  experience  in  Shipping  Ores  and 
MMMttging  Mines. 

Solicits  CooaagnmeDts  oi  Copper  Prodace  and  Manage- 
ment of  Min*n^  Uattere. 

All  bosineaB  conducted  on  Casti  Baals. 

Par(^iase  and  Bhipment  of  Miniog  Supplies  A  Spbcialtt. 

Sales  of  Derelopra  Copper  Mines  aodertakeo. 

Bnsineaa  Mana^r  of  UNION  COPPER  HISK,  Copper- 
opoli8,CU.;  NEWTON  COPPER  MLS'Z,  Amador  Co.,  Cat 


BUTTE,    MONTANA, 

The  railroad,  mining  and  commercial  center  of  the  new 
State,  offers  some  of  the  best  indacements  for  invest- 
ments in 

Real  Estate,  Mines  &  Mining  Stock 

of  anv  localitv  in  the  Nortnwegt,  For  particulars  address 
The"  Evan's-Terry-ClBUSsen  Brokeraee  uo.. 
41  E.  Broadway.  Butte.  Montana, 


Postmasters : 


art  re«^iuesled  to  be  sure  and  notify  us 
I  when    this   paner  is  not  taken  from 
their  office.    If  not  stopped  promptly 
throogb  oreraight  or  other  mishap),  do  oa  the  faror  to 


The  Celebrated  H.  H.  H  Liniment. 


The  H.  H.  H.  Liniment  ta  for  the  treatment  of 
he  Aches  and  Pains  of  Humanity,  as  well  aa  for  the  ail- 
ments of  the  beasts  of  the  fields.  Testimonials  from 
importers  Emd  breeders  of  blooded  stock  prove  Its  won- 
derful curative  properties.  No  man  haa  ever  used  It  for 
an  ache  or  pain  and  beeo  dissatisfied. 
H.  H.  MOORE  &  SONS,  Stockton,  Cal.,  Proprietors. 
For  Salb  bt  all  DaneemTS. 


Dewey   Engraving   com- 
p%nv.  No.  39n  Uarket  atreet.  Ran  IiVandsco. 


FRISBEE  WET  MILL. 

This  Mill,  with  a  weight  of  less  than  9000  pounds, 

has  a  capacity  of  three  tons  per  hour  of  hard 

quartz  to  40  mesh ;  has  been  thoroughly 

tested ;  we  guarantee  its  work  as 

represented,  and  we  will  give 

long  time   trial. 

r 


IT    HAS  NO  MORE  WEARING  PARTS  THAN  CORNISH  ROLLS 

And  renewals  wIU  not  cost  over  one-half  as  tnnch  as  for  &tamp>8.  Will  mn  empty,  or  with  small 
amount  of  ore  witboat  injury.  The  attention  of  parties  having  Cement  Gravel  is  called  to  this 
Mill,  as  it  will  run  100  tons  per  day  to  No.  8  meah;  30  to  35  H.  P. 

OUK  DRY  MTTJiS  are  the  most  economical  ever  built,  and  are  extensively  need  with 
record  of  several  years.    No  grinding  in  Dans.    Mill  finishes  to  any  fineness  desired. 

FRISBEE-LUCOP  MILL  COMPANY. 

GIDEON  FRISBEE,  Manager,        -        -       59  &  61  First  Street,  San  Francisco 
HOOKER  &  UWRENCE.  Gen'l  Aa'tt.  145  Broadwav.  New  York. 


SAN  FRANCISCO  TOOL  CO, 

MANUFAOTUBEES    OF 

IRRIGATING  PUMPS 

AND 

Machinery  of  all  Kinds. 

PACIFIC  COAST  AGENTS 

BABOOOK    &    WILOOX 

Patent  Water  Tube  Steam  Boilers. 


EBtimateg  Furnished  on  Application. 


'  Send  for  Oatalosues. 


OENTBIFUQAI.    PUMP. 


FIRST  and  STEVENSON  STS..  S.  F. 


IMPORTANT  TO  GOLD  MINERS! 

SILVER-PLATED  AMALGAM  PLATES  for  SAVING  GOLD 

QUARTZ, 


IN 


GRAVEL    AND    PLACER    MINING. 
PRICES  GREATLY  REDUCED. 

Only  Kefined  Silver  and  Best  Copper  nsed.    Over  3000  Orders  filled.    Fifteen  Medals  Awarded.    Old  Mining  Plates  can   be 

Eeplated.    Old  Plates  Bought,  or  Gold  Separated. 

These  Plates  can  also  be  pnrcbased  ol  JOHN  TATI.OB  &  CO..  Corner  First  and  Mission  Sts. 

San  Francisco  Gold,  Silver  and  Nickel  Plating  Works,  653  &  655  Mission  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  E.  G.  Denniston,  Prop'r. 

Our  Plates  have  been  used  for  20  yeara    They  have  proved  the  beet.    We  adhere  strictly  to  contract  In  welarht  of  Silver  and 
CoDOer.      SBND  P  >B  OIBOObAB.  


.A..      HTJ3Xr"n3NrC3rT?'0  3xr, 


■  MANUFACTUEBR    OF  ■ 


LLS, 


CENTRIFUGAL  ROLLER  QUARTZ 

Concentrators  and  Ore  Crushers, 
Mining  Machinery  of  Every  Description.        Steam  Engines  and  Shingle  Machines. 

SEND    FOR    CmOUljAR. 


Centrlingal  Roller  Qnartz  Mill. 


213    Fxzis'X'    snrzixiziTr, 


S.A.3Nr     I«3?l.^L.3NrOISCO,     C&JI^. 


16 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Jan.  4,  1890 


Rose's  MecM'!^!  Drawing  Selfrtauglit. 

FOURTH    EDITION, 
Thoraughly    Revised    and    Corrected. 

JTJST    liE^^ZD^sr! 

mcclianival  l>ia«iOB  Seir-T.-»oKlil:  roinpris- 
inR  Instructions  in  the  Sclect'oo  and  Preparation  of  Drawing 
luBtrumenla,  Elementary  Instinction  in  Practical  Mccliiin- 
ical  Draiving:  together  with  examples  in  Simple  geometry 
and  Elementary  Mechanism,  including  Screw  Tlireads,  Gear 
■Wheels.  Mechanical  Motions,  Eogiues  and  Hollers.  Ky 
Joshua  Rose,  M.  E.  Illustrated  by  330  engravings.  Pourth 
edition  tboroughly  revised  and  corrected.    8vo.  Price,  S-1.0» 

BY  THE  SAME  AUTHOR: 

Modern  Steam  EnelnoK.  An  Elementary  treatise 
uijon  the  St-am  Entine.  written  in  plaiu  language,  for  use 
in  the  work  hop  as  well  as  iu  the  drawing  office;  giving  full 
explanations  of  the  consruction  of  ftloderu  yteam  Engines. 
iocUidiug  diagrams  sliowiug  their  actual  operatiou;  together 
with  comple'e  but  simple  Cfplauations  of  the  operations  of 
various  icinds  of  valvt-s  valve  motio:  s,  link  motions,  etf... 
therehy  enabling  the  ordinnry  engineer  to  clearly  imderstaud 
the  principles  involved  iu  their  construction  and  use,  and  (o 
plot  out  their  mnvpraents  upon  the  drawing  board.  By 
.Joshua  Ro'e,  M.  E.  lUuBtrated  by  422  engravmgs.  I"  one 
volume,  auarto,  321  pages.    Price Sto.wu 

The  Complete  rmctical  MaehiniRt.  Em- 
bracin''LatheW..rk.  Vi.se  Woik.  Drills  and  DrilUug.  Tap-' 
and  Dies,  Hardening  nnd  Tempering,  the  Making  and  Use 
oi  Toola  Tool  Grinding,  Marking  out  Work,  etc  By  Joshua 
Rose  M  E  Illustrated  by  356  engravings.  Fifteenth  edi- 
ti.m  thoroughly  revised  and  in  great  pait  rewritten.  JSino. 

439  pages.    Price S_.->0 

TUe  Slide  Vnlve  Practically  Kxplained. 
Empracing  Simple  and  Complete  PractioHl  Demon  trations 
of  the  Operation  of  each  element  in  a  Slide  Valve  IVIove- 
meut.    By  Joshua  Rose.  M.  E.     niustratedby35eogr^/ings. 

12mo.    Price Sl.OO 

Steam  Boilers.  A  Practical  Treatise  on  Boiler  Con* 
atruction  and  Examination.  For  the  use  of  Practical  Boiler 
Makers,  Boiler  Users  and  Inspectors;  and  embracing  in 
plaiu  figures  all  the  calculations  necessary  in  Designing  aua 
Cla,ssilyiugSttam  Boilers.  By  Joshua  Rose,  M.  E.  Illus- 
trated by  73  engravings,    Svo.    250  pages.    Price 9-^.oit 

t^IUvstratedCircu'ar>,;ri'vinft  the  full  table  of  con- 
tents of  all  the  above  workst  sent  free  to  antj  one  who 
wiil  apply. 

wM'The  above  or  any  of  our  Books  sent  by  vmil,  free  nf 
pos*a4fCt  at  the  publication  prices,  to  any  address  in  th-t 
world. 

^■Our  new  revised.  Descriptive  Catalogue  of  Practical 
and  Scientific  Books.  SO  pagtis,  Svo,  and  our  Catalogue  of 
Books  on  Steam  and  the  Meam  :Engine,  Hcchamca,  Ma- 
chincrif,  and  Dipiamical  Enqineeiinqy  and  other  Cnta- 
logucsi  the  whole  covering  every  branch  of  Science  applied 
tothe  Arts,  scntfrce  and  frc>'- of  postage  to  any  otie  in 
any  part  of  the  world  mho  wilt  furnish  htsaddr  sx. 

HENRY    CAREY    BAIRD    &    CO., 

iNDirSTRlAL     PdBLISHERS,     B  lORSBLLBRS     AND      IMPORTKRH, 

810  Walnut  St.,  Philadelpliia.  Pa.,  €.  S.  A. 

RDUt  FIRTH, 

225  and  227  First  St,,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

Compressed  Air  and  Water  Power 
Machinery. 


KNIGHT'S  WATER  WHEEL, 

For  Mills,  Pumping  and  Hoisting. 

OVBB    300  IN    DSE. 
All  estimates  s:iiaranteed.    Seud  for  Circalar. 


STEARNS  M'F'G  CO., 

29  &  31  Spear  St,,       San  Francisco,  Cal. 


J     II  111     II 


-MANDPACTURKRfl  OF- 


HIGH-GRADE  SAW  MILL    MACHINERY, 
ENGINES,  STEEL  BOILERS,  Etc. 


— IMPOKTBRS   OF— 


Munson's  Loather  Belting,  Goodell  &  Watera'  Woodwork- 
ing Tools,  Hill's  Clutch  PuUeys  and  Couplinpe,  Emerson's 
Savre,  Emerj'  Wheels,  Tool  and  Knife  Grinders,  Ewart's 
Link  Belting,  L.  &  D.  Wood  Pulleys,  Hoisting  and  Pile 
Driving  EnKJaes,  Etc 

SPENGERIAN 
TEEL  PENS 

Are  the  Best, 

IN  THE  ESSENTIAI,  QUjIMTIES  OF 

Durability,   Evenness  of 
Point,  and  Workmanship. 

S.irarles  fnr  trial  of  12  different  styles  by  mnil.  on 
recviptof  10  cents  iu  staiiips.    Ask  lor  card  2^o.  8. 

iVlSOM,  BUKEMiN  &  CO.,  '«S«^™A*rr^' 


.MANUFACTURKaS  OP.. 


PACIFIC    ROLLING   MILL    CO., 

t 


UP   TO   20,000   LBS.   WEIGHT. 

True  to  pattern  and  superior  In  strength,  toughneBS  and  durability  to  Oast  or  WrouBbt 
Iron  lU'any  position  or  for  any  service. 

GEARINGS,  SHOES,  DIES,  CAMS,  TAPPETS,  PISTON-HEADS,  RAILROAD  and  MA- 
CHINERY CASTINGS  of  Every  Description. 


HOMOGENEOUS  STEEL. 


SOFT  and  DUCTILE, 


SUPERIOR  TO  IRON  FOR 


LOCOMOTiVE  AND  MARINE  FORGINGS. 

ALSO  Steel  Rods,  from  J  to  3  inch  diameter  and  Flats  trom  1  to  8  Inch.  Angles,  Tees,  Channels  and  other  abape 
Steel  Wagon,  Buggj',  and  Truck  Tires,  Plow  Steel;  Machinery  and  Special  Shape  Steel  to  size  and  lengths 
STEEL  RAILS  from  12  to  45  pounds  per  yard.  ALSO,  Railroad  and  Merchant  Iron,  Rolled 
Beams  Angle,  Channel,  and  T  iron,  Bridge  and  Machine  Bolts,  Lag  Screws,  Nuts,  Washers,  Ship  and  Boat 
Spikes;  Steamboat  Shafts,  Cranks,  Pistons,  Connecting  Rods,  etc  Car  and  Locomotive  Axles  and  Frames, 
i*nd  Iron  Forglngs  of  all  kinds,  Iron  and  Steel  Bridge  and  Roof  Work  a  Specialty. 

HIGHEST  PRICE  PAID  FOR  SCRAP  IRON  AND  STEEL. 

tS"  Orders  will  have  prompt  attention.     Send  for  Catalogues.     Address 

PACIFIC  ROLLING  MTLI  CO.,  202  Market  St..  San  Francisco. 


FULTON     IRON    WORKS, 

HINCKLEY,  SPIERS    &    HAYES,  Proprietors. 

[ESTABLISHED    IN    1855.] 

— MANTTFACTURKRfl    OP — 

MARINE     ENGINES     AND     BOILERS.- 

Propeller  Engines,  either  High  Pressure  or  Compound, 
Stern  or  Side-wheel  Engines. 

MINING  MACHINERY.— Hoisting  Engines  and 
Works,  Ct^es,  Ore  Buckets,  Ore  Cars,  Pumping  Encines 
and  Pumps,  Water  Buckets,  Pump  Columns,  Air  Com- 
pressors, Air  Receivers,  Air  Pipes. 

MILL.  MACHINERY.— Batteries  for  Dry  or  Wet 
Crushing,  Amalgamating  Pans,  Settlers,  Farnaces,  Re- 
torts, Concentrators,  Ore  Feeders,  Rock  Breakers,  Fur- 
naces for  Reducing  Ores,  Water  Jackets,  etc 

MISCELLANEOUS  MACHINERY.— Flour 
Mill  Machinery,  Saw  Mill  Engines  and  Boilers,  Dredging 
Machinery,  Powder  Mill  Machinery,  Water  Wheels. 

Tustiu's  Pulverizer 


TUSTIN'S    PDLVBBIZBB. 


WORKS  ORE  WET  OR  DRY. 


ENGINESsBOILERS 

OP    ALL    KINDS, 

Either  for  use  on  Steamboats  or  for  use  on  Land. 

Water  Pipe,  Pmnp  or  Air  Colnnms,  Fish 

Tanks  for  Salmon  Canneries 

OF   BVBRT   DBaORIPTION. 

Boiler  Repairs  Promptly  attended  to  and  at  y«ry  moaerate  rates. 

AQKNTS  FOR  Tint  PACIFIC  COABT  FOR  THB 

SPECIALTIES : 

CorllBS  Engines  and  Tustln  Ore  Pnlverlzera.  DBANB    STEAM    PUMP. 

Agents  and  Manufacturers  of  the  Llewellyn  Peed  Water  Purifier  and  Heater. 


THE  GIANT  POWDER  COMPANY 

Manulaobire  Three  Kinda  of  Powder,  which  are  acknowledged  by  all  the  Great  Chemists  of  the  World  as    ' 

The  Safest  and  Strongest  High  Explosives  in  the  Market. 

Of  Different  Strengths  as  Required. 

NOBEL'S    EXPLOSIVE     GELATINE,"    which  contains    94   per  cent  of  Nltro-GIycerlne,  and 

OELATINE-DTN AMITE,  Stronger  than  Dynamite  and  even  Safer  in  Handling. 

JUDSON  POWDER  IMPROVED. 

rOR  BAIXBOADS  AND  LAND  CLEARING.  Is  from  three  to  four  times  stronger  than  ordinary  Blast- 
ing Powder,  and  is  used  by  all  the  Railroads  and  Gravel  Claims,  as  it  breaks  more  ground,  pulverizes  better  and 
saves  time  and  money.    It  is  as  dry  as  the  ordinary  Blasting  Powder  and  runs  tis  freely. 

BAXDMANN,  NIELSEN  &  CO., 


OAFS  and  FUSE  for  Sale 


GENERAL  AGENTS,  «AN  FRANCISCO  CAL. 


QUARTZ  SCREENS 


specialty.  Round,  slot 
or  burred  slot  holes.  Gen- 
uine Russia  Iron,  Homo- 
geneous Steel,  Cast  Steel  or 
American  planished  Iron. 
Zinc,  Copper  or  Brass  Screens  for  all  purposes.  Call- 
fomia  Perforating  Screen  Co.,  145  &  147  Beale  St.,  S.  F. 


COAL  MINES  OF  THE  WESTERN  COAST. 

A  few  copies  of  this  work,  the  only  one  ever  published 
treating  of  Pacific  Coast  Coal  Mining,  have  been  ob- 
tained, and  are  for  sale  at  this  office  for  S2.50  per  copy. 
It  was  written  by  W.  A.  Goodyear.  Mining  and  CiWl 
Engineer,  formerly  of  the  California  State  Geological 
Survey. 


N.  W.  SPAULDING 

Manufacturers  of 
SPAULDINQ'S 

Inserted  Tootli 

AND 

CHISEL    BIT 

CIRCULAR 

Saws. 

SAW  MILLS   AND   MACHINEEY 

Of  all  kinds  made  to  order.    Send  for  Descriptive  Cata 
losne.    11  and  19  Fremont  St.,  San  Frandsoa. 


lro|i  apd  fAactiiiie  tforl(3. 


UNION    IRON   WORKS, 

8AOBAMENTO.  OAL. 

ROOT,    NBILSON     &    OO., 

UAMXTFACrnRBaB  OF 

Steam     Engines,    Boilers, 

ADD  ALL  KINDS  OF 

MACHINERY  FOR  MINING  PURPOSES. 

fi'lourlng  Mills,  Saw  Mills  and  Quartz  Mills  Uachlnery 
constructed,  fitted  up  and  repaired. 

Front  St.,  bet.  N  &  O  Sta.,         Sacramento,  Oal, 


CALIFORNIA    MACHINE    WORKS, 
WM.  H.  BIRCH  &  CO., 

ENGINEERS    AND     IfflACHINISTS, 


No.  119  Beale  St.. 


San  Francisco. 


BDILDBRB   OF 

Steam  Engines,  Saw  Mills,  Mining  Machinery,  Dredging 
Machines,  Rock  Crushers,  Cable  Railway  Machinery, 
Ellithorp  Air  Brake  Co, 's  Patent  Steam  and  Hydraulic 
Elevators,  Air  Cushions  and  Air  Brakes.  HO'SITIVE 
SAFKTIES.  Improved  Ram  Elevators,  Sidewalk  and 
Hand  Hoists.  B.  B.  Henrickson's  Patent  Automatic 
Safety  Catches. 

Machines  of  all  kinds  Made  and  Repaired. 
Orders  Solicited. 


Golden  State  &  Miners  Iron  Works. 

Uonafactnre  Iron  Oastln^s  and  Maclilnery 
of  all  KlndB  at  Greatly  Reduced  Bates. 

STEVENSON'S  PATENT 

Mold-Board  AMALOAMATORS, 
Golden  State  Pressure  Blowers. 

nrBL  St..  between  Howard  jt  Folaom,  S.  F, 


rSOUAS   THOMPSON 


rHORNTON  THOMPSON 


THOMPSON    BROTHERS. 

EUREKA    FOUNDRY, 

L29  and  131  Beale  St.,  hetween  Mission  and  Howard,  S.F 

lUmiFAOTURHRa  OF  OAfiTINQS  OF  BVSET  DBSORIPTIDH. 


Mining    Engineers. 


CIVIL    AND    MINING    ENGINEER 

Of  long  experieoce,  practical  and  adminii-trative,  io 
Copper,  Silver  and  Qold  Mining  in  Europe  and  Anerica, 
offers  sorvices  a**  Manager  or  Superintendent,  or  to  search 
t(.r  and  report  on  Mines.  Now  in  Mexico.  Several  Lan- 
guages,   Address  C.  P.,  Box  2617,  San  Francisco,  Cal, 


W.  A.  GOODYEAR, 

Civil    and    Mining    Engineer, 

MmiNQ  EXPERT  AMD  GEOLOGIST. 

BusLiess  Box  A,"  office  of  this  paper,  San 


Address 
Francisco, 


ROSS    E    BROWNE, 

Mining   and  Hydraulic  Gngrineer, 


No.  307  Sajisomb  St.,  San  Framoisoo. 


ISRAEL  W.  KNOX, 
Mining  and  Mechanical  Engineer 

AND   PUROHABISG  AQBNT   POR 

Mines,  Mining  Machinery  &  Supplies. 

Mines  Examined,  Reports  and     Estimates    Furnished^ 

Contracts  made,  eta 
Office,  237  First  St.,        San  Francisco,  Oal. 


O.    H.  EVANS    &  GO. 

(Successors  to  THOMSON  &.  EVANS), 

110  and   112  Beale    Street*  S. 

MACHINE  WORKS, 
Steam  Pumps,  Steam  Engines 


Practical  Treatise  on   Hydraulic  Mining, 

Br  AUG.  J.  BOWTE,  Jr. 

Ttiis  new  and  important  book  is  on  the  use  anr*  con- 
struction of  Ditches,  Flumes,  Dams,  Pipes,  Flow  of  Water 
on  Heavy  Grades,  methods  of  mining  shallow  and  deep 
placers,  history  and  development  of  mines,  records  of 
gold  washing,  mechanical  appliances,  such  as  nozzles, 
hurdy-gurdys,  rockers,  undercurrents,  etc;  also  describes 
methods  of"  blasting;  tunnels  and  sluices;  tailings  and 
dump;  duty  of  miners'  inch,  etc  A  very  practical  work 
tor  gold  miners  and  users  of  water.  Price,  $5,  post-paid 
For  sale  by  Dbwht  &  Co.,  Publishers,  290  Market  St.,  San 
Francisco. 


Jan.  4,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


It 


UNION    IRON    WORKS, 


Corner  First  and  Mission  Sts,,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

MANUFACTURERS    OP 


SPECIALTIES: 

Scott  Jt  O'NvIl   Automatic    Cut-uff    Koglueii,  Itio    Kti;liieK,   Kuub 
ISreakerd,  Ouartx  Allll«,  Hultitln^  Kn^lues. 


MINING  AND  MILLING  MACHINERY, 

ROLLS    AND    CONCENTRATING    MACHINERY.    Cornish  and  Other 


COPPER  AND  LEAD  FURNACES. 


^  "Sr  I>  n. -A.  TJ  Ij  I  C3       Ij  I  ^E*  T       X>OC!X£, 

Capable  uf  Docking  the  Largest  VeHgelH. 
SEND    FOR    CIBCDL&RS.  CABLE    ADDRESS    "UNION. 


ALL  CLASSES  OF  MARINE  WORK. 


WM.  H.  TAYLOR,  President. 


R.  S.  MOORE,  Superintendent. 


Risdon  Iron  and  Locomotive  Works, 

S.  E.  CORNER  HOWtRD  AND  BEALE  STS..  SAN  FRANCISCO. 


MANDPACTDRBRS    OF    ALL    KINDS    OP 


Mining   and    Milling   Machinery,  Engines    and    Boilers, 

SHEET-IRON  WATER  PIPE  for  Mining  and  Irrigation  Purposes. 
Exclusive  Agents  for  the  Pacific  Coaet  of  HEINE  PATENT  SAFETY  BOILER  and  MACBETH  STEEL  PULLEY. 


AGENTS  FOR  THE  PACIFIO  COAST  OF 


BRYAN'S    ROLLER   QUARTZ    ]VEILL. 

NEW    COMMON     SENSE    STEEL    WH 

AN  Complete  for  $150. 


M. 


-BtnLDERS   OF- 


MINING    MACHINERY, 

GENERAL  OFFICE  AND  WORKS : 

1 27  First  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  U.  S.  A. 

New  Xork  Office,  145  Broadway. 

PLANTS  FOR  GOLD  AND  SILVER  SIILLS, 

embiacinK  machinery  ot  LATEST  DESIGN  and 
MOST  IMPROVED  conetructiOD.  We  offer  our 
ouBtomcra  the  BEST  RESULTS  OF  38  YEARS' 
EXPERIENCE  in  this  SPECIAL  LINE  o( 
worlt,  and  are  PREPARED  to  furnieb  the  MOST 
APPROVED  character  of  MINING  AND  RE- 
DUCTION MACHINERY,  adapted  to  all  grades  of 
ores  and  SUPERIOR  to  that  of  any  other  make,  at 
the  LOWEST  POSSIBLE  PRICES. 

Wo  are  alsn  prepared  to  CONSTRUCT  and  DE- 
LIVER In  COMPLETE  RUNNING  ORDER, 
In  any  locality.  MILLS,  CONCENTRATION 
WORKS,  WATER  .lACKET  SMELTING 
FURNACES.  HOISTING  WORKS,  PUMP- 
ING MACHINERY,  ETC.,  ETC.,  of  any  DE- 
SIRED CAPACITY. 


No  cog-wheels  or  clotcheB  to  break.  Ninety  per  cent  of  this  Whim  is  wrought  iron  and  steel,  and  will  spring  or  bend  before  brealcing,  and  besides 
can  be  repaired  at  any  blacksmith  shop,  should  breakage  occur,  thus  obviating  the  necessity  of  sending  away  hundreds  of  miles  sometimes,  and  waiting 
a  week  for  repairs.     The  Brake  sets  itself  when  the  horse  stops  or  anything  gives  way. 

It  can  be  packed  anywhere  a  jack  can  go,  the  heaviest  piece  weighing  but  100  pounds;  total 
weight,  650  pounds.  The  sweep  can  be  thrown  out  or  in  gear  at  any  time,  and  the  bucket  hoisted, 
dumped  or  lowered  while  the  horse  is  in  motion.  It  is  just  as  safe  and  reliable  as  an  engine,  and 
can  be  handled  as  readily,  and  is  just  the  thing  to  open  up  a  mine  and  make  it  pay.  Spending 
thousands  of  dollars  in  fine  machinery  and  shaft  houses  has  "busted"  many  a  company.  Bay  a 
COMMON  SEN3E  WHIM,  and  when  you  have  got  more  ore  than  our  Whim  will  hoist,  then  it  is 

InmA   .«.    '-—7- rt--. *• ^  ' * ^'-    —.l.   w— 'V.   j-\f^    vu^"wn.«ao  \/I     ..  OTO.  I  o  ^f l^^UU  F      miUO      BbOUld     UOt 

pay.    Being  all  iron  except  the  sweep,  it  will  not  rot,  warp,  twist,  or  get  out  of  true.     Being 
wrought  iron,  it  will  not  break  in  transportation.    We  also  m  ke   Two,    Four  and   Eight  Horse 
Power  Whims,  Derrick  Whims,  and  Buildiug   Hoists,  Ore   Buckets,  and   everything  pertaining  to 
Horse  Power  Hoisting.     State  for  what  purpose,  and  at  what  place  you  want  to  use  it. 
4^  Come  and  see  one  at  our  works  in  operation,  or  send  for  circular. 

THE    GATES   CRUSHER 

Is  beyond  all  question  the  most  important  improvement 
that  has  ever  been  made  in  this  class  of  mining;  ma- 
chinery. It  will  do  more  than  twice  the  work  with  a 
given  amount  of  wear  than  any  other  Crusher  made, 
besides  crushing  so  much  finer  that  for  mining  uses,  the 
capacity  of  the  mill  is  greatly  increased.  It  has  the  same 
relative  superiority  for  macadamizing  purposes,  afford- 
ing the  cheapest  and  most  reliable  machine  for  this  use. 

SEND    FOR    CIRCULAE, 


PACIFIC    IRON    WORKS 


NO.     127    FIRST    STREET, 


SAN    FRANCISCO,    GAL. 


NOTICE  TO  GOLD  MINERS! 


JUSTINIAN  CAIRE.  Agent. 

521  &  523  Market  St.,  San  Francisco, 


— DBALBR    IN— 


f&jAJVXTSTGr    C3rOIjX>: 


Assayers'  aDd  Mining  Material. 


— MANUFACTUREE    OF — 


IN   QUARTZ.  GRAVEL,  OB  PLACER  MINES.  MADE  OF  BEST  SOFT  LAKF      UPERIOR  COPPER 

Our  plates  are  guaranteed,  and  by  actual  experience  are  proved,  the  besj  in  weight  of  Sil-  BATTERY  SCREENS  AND  WIRE  CLOTH 

ver  and  durability.     Old  Mining  Plates  Replated,  Bjught,  or  Gold  Separated.    THOUSAMDS  

OF    ORDERS    FILLED.  .         .   ,      TinoirTWo' 

SAN    FRANCISCO    NOVELTY,  GOLD,  SILVER    AND    NICKEL    PLATING  WORKS,  ^^^^  *"  HOSKINS 

108  and  1 12  First  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.  HYDRO-CARBON   ASSAY  niRNACES 

US'  SEND  FOR  CIRCULARS. 


18 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Jan.  4,  1890 


IMPROVED    BELT    FRUE   ORE  CONCENTRATOR. 


The  Best  Ore  Concentrator  in  the  market,  having  double 
the  Capacity  and  doing  its  work  as  olose  as  the  plain  Belt 
machine,  while  its  concentrations  are  clean.  It  is  need  in 
a  number  of  Mills,  the  most  notable  of  which  is  the 
Alaska  M.  &  M.  Go's  Mill,  where  24  Improved  Belt  Prues 
are  taking  the  Pulp  from  120  Stamps,  crushing  350  tons 
per  day,  and  is  giving  entire  satisfaction  as  against  48 
plain  Belt  Machines,  taking  the  Pulp  from  the  other  120 
Stamps. 

♦ 

Price  of  Improved  Belt  Frue  Vanner,  $900,  f.  o.  b. 
Price  of  Plain  Belt   Frue  Vanner,  $575,  f.  o.  b. 


For  Pamphlets,  Testimonials  and  farther  information 
apply  at  office. 


Protected  by  Patents  December  22, 1874;  September  2, 
1879;  April  27»  1880;  March  22,  1881;  February  20, 1883; 
September  18,  1883;  July  24,  1888.     Patents  applied  for. 


There  are  Over  2200  Plain  Belt  Machines  now 
in  Use. 

Thb  Montana  Company  (Limited),  London,  October  8, 1885. 
Dbak  Sirs  :— Having  tested  three  of  your  Frue  Vanners  in  a  com- 
petitive trial  with  other  similar  machines  (Triumph),  we  have  satiafied 
ourselves  of  the  superiority  of  your  Vannera,  as  is  evidenced  by  the 
fact  of  our  having  ordered  20  more  of  your  machincB  for  immediate 
delivery.     Toiirs  truly,  THE  MONTANA  COMPANY  (Limited). 

N.  B.— Since  the  above  was  written  the  20  Vannera,  havinR  been 
started,  gave  such  satisfaction  that  44  additional  Frues  and  more 
stamps  have  been  purchased.  ADAMS    &    CARTER. 


ADAMS  &  CARTER,  Agents  FRUE  VANNING  IVIAC?*"'-''^^.,.    ;,  Room  15,  No.  132  Market  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


JOSHUA  HENDY  MACHINE  WORKS, 


aNCOBPOEATBD   SEPTEMBER    29.    188a) 


Nos.  39  to  51  Fremont  Street, 


San  Francisco,  OaL 


lamifacturers  of  NEW  and  Dealers  in  SECOND-HAND  BOILERS,  ENGINES,  PUMPS  and  MACHINERY 


Steam  Pumps  of  all  Makes, 

CENTRIFUGAL    PUMPS, 

MINING    PUMPS. 

BLOWERS  AND   EXHAUST  FANS. 

LEATHER  and  RUBBER 

lOES  Xj  a?  I  nxr  o- 

atotionary,   Pi^rtablo,    and    Hoieting 

ENGINES  and  BOILERS. 

Shafting, 

Pulleys, 

Boxes, 
Hangers. 


LUBRICATING  COMPOUNDS  and  OILS  of  the  Best  Makes. 
PIPE  and  PIPE  FITTINGS. 

Brass    Goods_and    Fittings. 

Hydraulic  Mining,  Quartz,   and  Saw-Mill  Machinery,  Hydraulic  Gravel 

Elevators,  Hydraulic  Giants,  "Triumph"  Ore  Concentrators, 

Automatic  Ore  Feeders. 

WOODWORKING 

MACHINERY 

— ^XJMPRISINQ 

Band    Saws,    Stickers. 

Planers,  Shapers, 
SHINGLE  MILLS.  Etc. 


COMPOUMl    DUPLEX    PUMP. 


IMPROVED     SINGLE     AND     DOUBLE     CIRCULAR     SAW-MILLS. 

AGENTS    FOB    THE    SALE    OP 

"  Eclipse"  Corliss  Engines,  Porter  Manufacturing  Go's  Engines  and  Boilers,  "  Baker"  Rotary  Pressure  Blowers,  "Wilbraham"  Rotary  Piston 
Pumps,  "  Hazleton"  Tripod  B  ilers ,"  Jewell "  Water  Purifiers,  Buffalo  Duplex  Steam  Pumps,  P.  Blaisdell&  Co.'s  Machinists' Tools. 


CALIFORNIA    WIRE    WORKS 


-MANUFACTUKEBS  OF- 


Steel  Wire   Rope, 


OF    ALL    KINDS    FOB 


CABLE  RAILWAYS,  ROPEWAYS,      A  A^'tn-I  | 
AND  TRAMWAYS, 


-/^"S? 


Mining,  Shipping    and  General  Purposes. 

BAKBED   WIRE. 

WIRE   NAILS, 

WIRE    CLOTH. 


OFFICE;    &  J* jreTvi  out   Stireet. 

Send  for  Illustrated  Catalo^e, 


TRANSPORTATION    OF    ORB    Br 


Hctlliciio's  I=»a,tent  ^Wiro   nop>o^7V'cty. 


CLAHON 

AIR  COMPRESSORS 

For  Working 
Rock    Drills,   Coal   Cutters, 
Hoisting   Engines    and  Water 
Pumps  in  Mines  and  Tunnels, 
Sinking  Caissons,  Etc.,  Etc. 

SEND  FOR  CATALOGUE  No.  6~ 

Clayton  Air  Compressor  Works, 

43  DEY  ST.,  NEW  YORK. 


Great  Variety  of  SHOT  GUHS,  RIFLES, 

etc.    Breech-Loaders  from  $4  to  $100. 
SEND    STAMPS    FOB    PRICE   LISTS. 

GEO.  W.  SHREVE, 

525  Kearny  Street,        San  Francisco,  CaL 


An  lllixsfrn 


VOL.    LX.—  Number    2. 
DEWEY  &  CO.,  PuQUSHERS. 


SAN    FRANCISCO,    SATURDAY,  JANUARY   11,    1890. 


Ttiree  Dollars  per  Annum. 

Singlo  Copies,  10  Cta. 


THE    NEW    BUILDING    FOR    THE    CHEMICAL    DEPARTMENT    OF    THE    UNIVERSITY    OF    CALIFORNIA. 


Market-Place  Scene  in  Nicaragua. 

la  the  published  Report  of  the  U,  S.  ^ioara- 
gaa  survey  log  party,  by  A.G.  Menocal,  U.  S.  N., 
are  a  number  of  oharacterlstio  pictures  of  the 
country  and  cities  of  that  regiou,  one  of  which, 
the  market-place  at  Leon,  is  herewith  given. 
It  is  a  type  of  the  market-places  of  many  Cen- 
tral American  and  Mexican  towns,  where  there 
are  open  booths  for  the  sale  of  all  sorts  of 
articles.  In  some  there  is  no  roof  around  the 
sides  of  the  plaza,  as  is  here  shown,  but  awn- 
ings are  spread  over  the  booths,  which  are  only 
temporary  affairs,  set  up  on  market  days,  two 
or  three  times  a  week.  We  used  to  have  these 
plazas  in  California  years  ago,  but  we  have 
dropped  the  Spanish  word,  and  now  have  the 
commonplace  "cquare"  in  its  stead. 


SCENE    IN    THE    MARKET    PLAGE    OF    LEON. 


The  Chemical  Laboratory  Building. 

An  Ad  dltlon  to  the  University  of  California. 

The  Chemical  Department  of  the  Uolversity 
of  California  has  soffered  for  lack  of  accommo- 
dations for  some  time,  but  a  legislative  appro- 
priation of  $70,000  for  a  special  building  has 
remedied  this,  and  ground  has  been  broken  and 
foundations  laid  for  the  struoture.  The  new 
building,  an  engraving  of  which  is  shown  on 
this  page,  is  located  south  from  the  Mechan- 
ics' Art  building,  and  it  is  expected  will  be 
oompleted  this  year. 

Basigns  were  drawn  and  plans  made  and  the 
regents  selected  the  design  and  plans  as  made 
by  Mr.  Clinton  Diy,  the  well-known  architect 
of  Berkeley.  It  is  a  radical  and  welcome  de- 
parture from  the  commonplace  forms  of  the 
structures  already  built,  and  will  be  a  decided 
ornament  to  the  Univeraity  grounds. 

The  building  will  be  of  stone,  brick  and  terra- 
cotta, and  of  the  Victorian-Gothic  style  of 
architecture.  It  will  be  about  ISO  feet  square, 
one  story  in  front  facing  west,  and  two  stories 
in  hight  on  the  side  facing  south. 
{Continued  on  page  S9  ) 


20 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Jan.  11,  1890 


(7iO!^[^ESPOJMDEJ\'CE. 


We  admit,  unindorBed,  opinions  of  correspondents. — fiDS. 


Californians  in  Austria  and  Germany. 

Editors  Press:— We  left  Venice  Saturday, 
10th,  9:15  A.  M.,  without  any  regrets,  and  I 
would  not  put  myaelf  out  much  to  make  it  the 
second  vieit.  Here,  and  the  first  place  that  I 
have  seen  on  this  tour,  "  distance  lends  en- 
chantment to  the  view," 

The  artists  of  Venice  get  up  some  beautiful 
picturcB,  tinted  with  all  the  colors  of  the  rain- 
bow and  set  off  with  an  Italian  sky.  Perhaps 
it  would  not  look  well  for  me  to  say  all  I  think 
about  Venice.  I  do  not  know  that  I  have  any 
complaint  of  the  people.  Let  others  go  and  see 
for  themaelves.  We  retraced  our  steps  as  far 
as  Verona,  through  level  and  well-cultivated 
fields.  Here  we  go  to  the  north  up  through  a 
rough,  rocky  canyon,  with  very  high,  barren 
rocky  mountains — only  now  and  then  a  small 
piece  of  land  worth  tilling. 

We  Arrived  at  Borzen 

About  6  P.  M,  and  put  up  at  the  Hotel  Kaiser- 
krone.  It  is  a  little  city  of  12.000,  nestled  be- 
tween two  or  more  high  mountains.  After 
gently  disposing  of  one  of  the  best  dinners 
we  have  had  since  we  left  Paris  (we  are  in  the 
Kiessling  wine  district,  so  I  thought  I  had  bet- 
ter prepare  myself  to  pass  on  the  imitations  of 
some  of  my  friends  when  I  returned).  We 
took  a  walk  through  some  of  the  crooked 
streets  and  arcades,  preparatory  to  pleasant 
dreams. 

I  presume  I  have  stated  heretofore  that  we 
are  traveling  on  Gaze  &  Sons'  R.  E.  and  hotel 
coupon  tickets.  Our  route  from  Paris  around 
to  London  is  traced  on  a  map  by  a  blue  pencil, 
and  tickets  are  printed  with  each  place  where 
we  desire  to  stop,  and  conpon  torn  off  as  we 
proceed.  We  bought  hotel  tickets  for  15  days 
each.  One  coupon  for  bed-chamber,  one  for 
dinner  and  one  [for  tea.  We  usually  do,  and 
always  should,  tell  as  soon  as  we  arrive  at  hotel 
that  we  have  these  tickets,  and  they  assign 
rooms  accordingly.  We  neglected  to  do  so  this 
time,  and  businesa  being  a  little  dull  with 
them,  they  assigned  us  the  best  rooms  in  the 
house,  which  we  felt  very  comfortable  in. 
When  we  made  it  known  that  we  had  Gaze's 
tickets,  they  said  these  rooms  did  not  go  with 
those  tickets.  They  showed  na  others,  higher 
— not  in  price,  but  altitude.  We  declined,  and 
stated  as  our  coupons  were  getting  short,  we 
would  pay  them  cash  and  retain  the  rooms. 
We  requested  them  to  make  bills  in  francs,  as 
we  had  that  money,  not  Austrian,  Every- 
thing was  pleasant  about  the  hotel  except  set- 
tling the  bill — not  on  account  of  excessive 
charges,  but  currency.  They  made  their  bills 
in  florins,  and  it  seemed  impossible  for  them  to 
reduce  the  amount  to  francs,  when  French, 
Italians  and  Swiss  are  passing  here  every  day 
and  must  have  more  or  less  intercourse  with 
them.  Finally  they  computed  each  florin 
equal  to  two  francs,  and  we  paid  the  bills  and 
took  our  change  in  some  paper  and  some  silver. 

In  the  squabble  to  pay  our  bills,  the  ladies 
disappeared.  After  looking  for  them  for 
awhile,  some  one  mustered  enough  English  to 
say  gone.  He  went  below  and  found  that  they 
had  run  them  and  the  luggage  down  to  the 
train.  All  the  Jehu  knew  was  to  wield  the 
whip  and  reins,  and  the  moment  he  got  a  load, 
away  he  put  for  the  station.  When  we  arrived, 
the  ladies  were  peering  out  of  the  station  with 
anxious  looks. 

We  started  for  Munich,  via  Insbruck,  in  a 
rain,  which  very  much  disappointed  us,  as  we 
expected  to  see  the  high,  lofty  mountains  on 
the  trip.  The  clouds  came  so  low  down  in  the 
mountains  that  frequently  we  could  not  see 
more  than  half-way  to  their  tops.  We  could 
see  the  troubled  river  Adige  hundreds  of  feet 
below  us,  looking  more  like  dirty  milk  than 
water.  We  went  through  tunnels,  over 
bridges  and  along  the  side  of  precipices  to  our 
hearts'  content.  I  do  not  think  any  one  of 
them  was  quite  equal  to  Oape  Horn,  but  there 
were  so  many  grand  ones  that  it  kept  us  look- 
ing and  explaining  all  the  time.  We  passed 
some  wonderful  terraced  vine  lands.  It  seems 
almost  incredible  that  men  will  spend  so  much 
time  and  labor  in  making  a  steep  hillside  pro- 
ductive. 

Incidents  of  Travel. 

At  Kutstern,  on  the  border  between  Austria 
and  Germany,  all  the  baggage  had  to  be  taken 
out  of  the  cars,  carried  into  the  station,  ex- 
amined and  stamped.  As  we  expected  to  re- 
turn to  the  same  car,  we  left  canes,  umbrellas, 
shawl-straps,  rubbers,  etc.  All  passengers  are 
driven  into  the  station  like  so  many  sheep  and 
locked  in  until  all  are  examined  and  ready  to 
load  again.  As  soon  as  the  door  is  opened  all 
rush  out  pell-mell  to  secure  seats.  Eich  one 
of  our  party  took  one  or  more  grip-sacks  and 
started  to  find  our  car,  not  knowing  the  train 
had  been  removed  and  a  new  one  subBtituted. 
Aa  soon  as  we  discovered  the  train  had  been  re- 
moved, we  found  part  of  our  baggage  gone, 
and  we  set  up  a  search  for  that.  Passengers 
were  all  on  board,  bell  and  brass  horn  had 
sounded,  the  guards  were  shutting  the  doors; 
half  of  our  party  ran  one  way  and  part  in  an- 
other, and  would  come  together  in  the  center 
like  two  opposing  armies,  one  asking  the  guard 
where  is  my  cane  ?  another  where  is  my 
umbrella  ?  another  to  the  conductor  with  high- 


keyed  voice,  where  are  my  rubbers?  etc.,  they 
not  understanding  a  word  we  said,  while  the 
passengers  were  highly  edified.  Finally  two 
of  the  ladies  who  are  always  looking  for  things 
that  are [not  lost  looked  into  the  baggage- 
room,  and  Mrs,  F.  saw  two  of  Aunt  Ellen's 
rubbers,  and  she  snatched  up  one  of  them,  and 
looked  around  and  saw  a  woman  with  my  um- 
brella and  cane  and  field-glass,  and  wrenched 
them  from  her  han^^  and  ran  for  the  train. 
Meantime  Mrs.  H,  trotted  in  and  loaded  her- 
self with  sandries  and  ran  also.  The  conductor 
appeared  on  the  scene  and  he  took  up  one  rub- 
ber and  a  fan  cast  away  by  former  passengers, 
and  he  also  ran  for  the  car.  Now  the  trouble 
was  to  get  a  seat,  as  everbody  was  on  board 
and  the  cars  in  the  act  of  startiog.  A  section 
was  finally  found  with  a  Dutch  woman  and 
little  daughter  at  the  door  and  a  man  at  the 
other  end.  She  was  determined  not  to  give 
way  and  let  us  in,  but  we  crowded  in  all  the 
same,  still  good-naturedly  but  excited.  The 
conductor  came  to  the  door  and  gave  her  a 
severe  talking  and  she  quieted  down  a  little. 
Her  face  looked  to  me  as  though  she  had  been 
employed  by  Bismarck  as  a  hog-hater  and  the 
hated  object  had  reflected  back  in  her  face.  It 
seems  to  me  anj  important  place  like  that  where 
they  change  cars,  passengers  should  be  informed 
of  the  fact  by  a  person  that  can  speak  a  lan- 
guage that  all  can  understand.  This  has  taught 
us  that  when  we  get  out  of  a  car  to  take  all 
luggage  or  else  leave  some  one  on  guard.  The 
surest  way  is  to  travel  as  J.  Ross  Brown  did — 
clothes  on  your  back  and  toothpick  and  tooth- 
brush in  pocket.  I  expect  this  experience  on 
the  border  will  furnish  material  to  relate  to 
our  grandchildren  in  years  to  come. 

Munich, 
The  capital  of  Bavaria,  is  a  much  larger  and 
finer  city  than  I  expected.  They  claim  250,000 
population.  I  should  think  it  a  little  high. 
There  are  a  good  many  government  buildings, 
art  galleries,  museums,  public  halls  and  gardens 
here.  The  streets  are  well  paved,  some  are 
straight  and  wide,  and  some  narrow  and  crook- 
ed. Soldiers  are  everywhere,  with  their  fine- 
setting  blue  frock  coats,  dangling  swords, 
gilt  bands  on  cap,  and  straight  as  an  arrow. 
Women  are  shoveling  up  mud  in  street,  sweep- 
ing street,  cleaning  railroad  track,  running 
handcarts,  with  dogs  to  assist  them,  and  hand 
ling  material  on  top'of  a  three  and  four  story 
building,  while  men  drive  hacks,  drink  beer 
and  smoke,  I  actually  saw  a  boy,  man  and 
woman  running.  I  think  the  boy  ran  to  get 
warm,  as  his  sleeves  were  rolled  up  and  he 
looked  cold;  I  think  probably  the  man  was  a 
lunatio  and  had  lost  his  mind;  I  think  the 
woman  ran  to  participate  in  the  gossip  or 
scandal  that  appeared  to  be  going  on  around 
the  corner,  I  saw  an  ox  hauling  a  brewery 
wagon  with  kegs  of  bser;  the  yoke  was  padded 
and  fastened  in  front  and  below  the  horns. 
They  use  a  pole  to  a  good  many  of  their  wagons 
instead  of  shafts,  for  a  single  animal.  Most  of 
the  shafts  to  the  hacks  are  hung  on  one  side 
of  the  center,  so  that  the  horse  walks  in  front 
of  the  wheel,  the  same  as  sleigh-shafts  are 
hung.  The  shafts  are  held  up  by  straps  from 
end  to  collar,  instead  of  saddle. 

In  England  and  Paris  stagings  are  built  by 
lashing  straight  tall  poles  together  by  ropes. 
In  Milan  and  Venice  they  use  the  tall  poles, 
but  fasten  together  by  hoop-iron.  In  Munich 
they  use  tall  ladders,  fastened  with  ropes,  and 
I  think  I  have  seen  them  SO  feet  high.  I  have 
seen  them,  natural  growth,  without  splicing, 
sticking  over  the  top  of  a  three  and  four  story 
building. 

There  is  a  good  deal  of  building  going  on  and 
nothing  looks  dull  or  sleepy.  The  architecture 
does  not  present  the  sameness  that  it  does  in 
France.  There  is  a  liberal  supply  of  bronze 
statues  and  fountains.  The  river  laer  fiows  to 
the  north  on  the  east  side  of  the  city.  It  is 
about  half  as  large  as  the  Sacramento,  and  has 
a  white,  muddy  color. 

Our  time  was  so  short  here  I  did  not  have  time 
to  investigate  much.  There  is  not  one  in  a 
hundred  that  can  speak  English,  and  therefore 
original  information  is  pursued  under  great 
difficulties. 

The  wind  ia  blowing  from  the  north  very 
fresh  to-day,  and  is  quite  cool.  I  am  very  glad 
now  that  I  did  not  get  thin  clothing  at  Venice, 
or  I  should  have  had  a  worse  cold  than  I  have 
now.  Changing  clothing  with  climate  is  dan 
gerous,  if  it  is  agreeable. 

Heidelberg 
Is  a  romantic  little  place  of  26,000  inhabitants 
(they  claim  it)  in  a  valley  between  the  high 
mountains,  either  side  of  the  river  Necker. 
The  river,  about  the  siza  of  Sacramento,  flows 
from  east  to  west,  and  most  of  the  city  is  on 
the  left  or  south  bank.  The  two  notable 
things  of  this  city  are  its  University  and  castle. 
To  the  efficiency  of  the  former,  many  a  pro- 
fessional man  in  the  U.  S.  can  testify,  and  to 
the  latter  all  tourists  make  pilgrimages,  buy 
ample  supplies  of  photographs,  and  take  copious 
notes.  I  thought  I  had  seen  castle  enough  to 
last  me  my  lifetime,  but  I  am  very  glad  that  I 
took  a  look  through  this  remarkable  one  with 
its  remarkable  history.  It  is  of  red  cut  granite, 
on  the  side  of  a  steep  hill,  overlooking  the 
city.  It  is  wonderful  in  stairways,  arches, 
towers,  banquet  and  audience  halls,  promen- 
ades and  dungeons,  I  saw  the  stone  bed  where 
they  used  to  roast  a  whole  ox  at  a  time,  and 
the  tall  chimneys  that  conveyed  the  smoke  and 
simmering  fragrance  to  the  sky  above.  In  the 
large  arches  underneath,  where  teams  could 
drive  in  and  turn  around,  are  three  large  wine 
casks,  two  of  which  I   supposed  were  the  larg- 


est ever  made.  In  going  a  little  further  along, 
I  saw  one  called  the  *'  Great  Tun,"  constrncted 
in  1741,  having  an  interior  capacity  of  49,000 
gallons.  The  staves  were  from  six  to  eight 
inches  thick.  The  hoops  were  made  of  tim- 
bers either  natural  or  steam  bent,  and  not  more 
than  one  foot  apart.  In  the  museum  room 
were  shown  relics  connected  with  the  castle, 
such  as  ancient  horseshoes,  chains,  forks, 
swords,  spears,  helmets,  bows,  guns,  etc.  On 
the  southeast,  or  upper  side,  is  a  mammoth 
pile  of  the  castle  still  clinging  together,  that 
was  undermined  and  blown  down  by  the  French 
invaders  in  1689.  They  must  have  possessed  a 
remarkable  cement  and  quality  of  lime  to 
cause  this  mass  of  rock  to  aafaere  so  tenaciously 
for  such  a  length  of  time.  Twice  has  this 
castle  been  rebuilt  and  burned.  It  is  an  in- 
teresting study  to  raed  its  history  and  contem- 
plate the  vicissitudes  through  which  it  has 
passed.  On  the  mountain-side  north  of  the 
city,  grapes  are  grown  and  the  land  is  terraced 
all  the  way  up, 

A  brick  building  is  being  constructed  on  the 
side  of  the  hill  among  the  grapevines,  and 
among  the  laborers  I  counted  eight  or  ten 
women  packing  brick  to  it  in  tubs  on  their 
heads.  Two  good  bridges  span  the  river — one 
modern,  iron  and  stone,  the  other  wholly  of 
stone,  with  six  or  eight  arches,  with  a  good 
deal  of  raise  to  center  of  bridge,  and  built  over 
one  hnndred  years  ago.  At  the  approach  on 
the  left  bank  is  an  arch  with  two  towers,  and 
with  figures  appropriately  inscribed.  The 
Roman  method  of  notation  is  employed  on 
nearly  all  monuments,  statues  or  buildings  in 
Scotland,  England  or  the  continent,  and  we 
have  to  go  back  to  our  school  days  when  we 
were  taught  that  system  to  learn  the  dates.  I 
saw  a  steamboat  running  on  this  river  without 
wheel  or  screw,  which  seems  almost  as  pre- 
posterous as  a  bird  without  wings.  She  is  a 
tow  for  canal  boats,  and  I  presume  there  are 
rapids,  which  is  the  reason  she  is  so  construct- 
ed, A  chain  runs  through  pulleys  at  either 
end  and  aronnd  a  clutch  windlass  in  center  of 
boat.  One  end  of  this  chain  ia  fastened  up 
stream  and  one  down,  at  what  distance  I  do 
not  know;  the  windlass  revolved  with  steam 
power;  the  chain  pulled  In  at  one  end  and  let 
out  or  overboard  at  the  other — not  a  very 
speedy,  bat  secure,  way  of  traveling. 

As  we  were  out  walking  this  morning  down 
the  bank  of  the  river,  we  saw  a  number  of 
wine-cellars  built  right  from  the  street  into  the 
side  of  the  hill.  D.  Flint. 


Woodbury  Ooneentrators, 

Editors  Press:— At  the  Hathaway  mine, 
Newcastle,  Placer  county,  they  have  made  a 
number  of  tests  in  the  past  ten  months  between 
the  Woodbury,  Frue,  Victor  (or  Shaw),  Gar- 
nier  and  Gates  concentrators  and  the  systems 
of  riffla-boxes  and  canvas  tables.  After  these 
tests,  the  company  concluded  that  the  Wood- 
bury suited  them  best,  handling  the  most  pulp 
(from  five  stamps),  and  they  have  placed  four 
Woodbury  concentrators  in  their  mill  to  work 
the  pulp  from  20  stamps.  Mr.  Woodbury  is 
here  at  present  superintending  the  erection  of 
his  machines.  The  20  stamps  are  now  running 
and  crushing  50  tons  in  24  hours.  Everything 
in  and  about  the  mine  and  mill  is  in  good  run- 
ing  order. 

There  are  other  mines  starting  up  around 
here.  The  Hathaway  Co,  is  talking  about 
larger  works,  by  putting  up  four  of  D  idge's 
No.  2  pulverizers,  so  as  to  see  what  the  differ- 
ence will  be  between  the  stamps  and  the  Dodge 
machines.  J.  P. 

Newcastle.  Placer  Co. 


Mining  in  Costa  Rica. 

J,  R,  Stevens,  an  old  California  and  Nevada 
mining  man,  returned  from  Costa  Rica  on  the 
steamer  San  Bias,  where  he  has  been  for  the 
past  four  months,  examining  various  mining 
properties,  Mr,  Stevens  does  not  appear  to 
entertain  a  very  exalted  opinion  of  the  country 
lying  back  of  Panta  Arenas. 

"The  mines  I  visited,"  said  he,  *'are  about 
four  leagues  inland  from  Punta  Arenas,  the 
seaport,  and  are  at  an  elevation  of  about  1200 
feet  above  the  sea.  There  are  two  gold  mines 
at  that  point,  one  called  the  Trinidad,  worked 
on  a  small  scale  by  an  English  company,  and 
the  mines  of  the  Cerro  del  Aquacate,  one  of 
which  is  worked  by  a  company  called  Compania 
de  la  Montana  del  Aquacate.  There  is  still 
another  called  the  *  Sacra  Familia,'  a  little 
north  of  the  last-named  mine,  and  at  an  eleva- 
tion of  about  3000  feet  above  the  sea.  It  has  a 
vein  of  gold  quartz  similar  to  the  Trinidad,  but 
is  worked  on  a  very  small  scale. 

*'Gold  deposits  are  also  said  to  be  on  the 
Atlantic  slope,  in  the  Indian  country,  but  their 
existence  is  very  uncertain." 

Mr.  Stevens  would  not  advise  Californians  to 
go  to  Costa  Rica  to  look  for  paying  gold  mines. 
Everything  is  quiet  politically,  the  first  elec- 
tion in  the  country  having  passed  off  in  an  or- 
derly manner  last  November, 

Mr.  Sbevens  says  a  number  of  new  railroads 
are  about  to  be  built  in  the  State  of  Tehuante- 
pec  by  Eoglish  capitalists,  and  then  a  large 
amount  of  fine  land  suitable  for  coffee  planta- 
tions will  be  opened  up.  In  Costa  Rica  such 
land  is  held  at  $200  per  acre,  while  in  that  part 
of  Mexico  it  can  be  bought  for  $15  per  acre, 
and  the  climate  is  about  the  same. 


Banking. 

[Written   by  a  member  of  the   "  Q"  Chafcauqua  Circle, 
San  Franciaco.j 

The  Jews  in  the  ancient  Italian  towns  were 
in  the  habit  of  sitting  in  the  market-places  and 
there  loaning  money  to  those  who  might  wish 
to  borrow.  They  would  sit  on  benches,  the 
Italian  for  which  word  is  "  banco,"  and  hence 
comes  the  word  bank.  Shakespeare  evidently 
gets  his  character  of  Shylock  from  this  custom. 

Banks  are  established  to  afford  a  safe  place  of 
deposit  for  the  money  of  individuals,  corpora- 
tions and  governments,  to  facilitate  the  transfer 
of  money  from  one  person  or  party  to  another, 
and  for  the  granting  of  aid  by  the  loaning  of 
money. 

The  Bank  of  Venice,  founded  in  1171,  was  the 
firstinsLitution  of  its  kind  in  Europe,  and  owed 
its  existence  to  the  Crusades  and  the  necessity 
of  the  Government  obtainingmoney  to, conduct 
these  wars.  Various  other  banks  were  started 
from  time  to  time  in  different  cities  of  Europe. 
Finally  the  Bank  of  England  was  established 
in  ]694,  during  the  reign  of  William  and  Mary. 
To  the  war  with  France  and  the  extreme  diffi- 
culty experienced  by  the  Government  in  ob- 
taining money,  is  this  monopoly  due.  Like 
the  Bank  of  Venice,  it  owes  its  existence  to  the 
wants  of  Government,  which  gave  its  life.  The 
idea  first  originated  with  William  Pattei'son,  a 
merchant  of  London,  who  readily  saw  that  a 
Government  which  had  been  paying  from  20  to 
40  per  cent  per  annum  would  without  much 
hesitation  grant  exclusive  and  almost  unlimited 
privileges  to  any  institution  which  would  fur- 
nish a  tixed  andpermanentloan  at  a  reasonable 
rate  of  interest.  The  plan  being  brought  to  the 
notice  of  the  King,  was  immediately  approved, 
and  the  bank  was  incorporated  under  the  title 
of  "The  Governor  and  Companv  of  the  Bank 
of  England,"  with  a  capital  of  £1,200,000.  This 
bank  granted  the  Government  loans  of  8  per 
cent  per  annum. 

All  the  first  banks  were  established  to  obtain 
money  for  the  Governments,  for  their  wars  and 
other  expenses. 

In  the  year  1791,  when  the  United  States 
Government  was  in  rather  bad  straits  as  con- 
cerning money  matters,  the  question  arose  as 
to  whether  money  should  be  raised  for  Govern- 
ment expenses  by  increased  taxation  or  by 
loans  made  through  a  bank  which  Congress 
was  then  contemplating  establishing.  Through 
Alexander  Hamilton's  efforts,  the  latter  plan 
was  adopted  and  the  "Bank  of  the  United 
States"  was  founded  with  a  capital  of  $10,000.- 
UOO,  of  which  the  United  States  was  to  subscribe 
$2,000,000.  Its  charter  was  to  run  for  20  years. 
Hamilton  had  observed  that  national  banks 
had  been  successful  in  Italy,  Germany,  Holland 
and  France,  and  the  Bank  of  England  was  to 
all  our  countrymen  the  synonym  of  financial 
stability,  and  he  felt  sure  his  plan  would  suc- 
ceed. His  hopes  were  not  unfounded,  for  it 
aided  the  Government  very  materially  in  secur- 
ing the  needed  money.  In  1811  its  charter  ex- 
pired, but  it  would  most  certainly  have  been 
renewed  by  Congress  but  for  the  fact  that  the 
bank  had  fallen  into  private  hands,  and  it  was 
feared  it  would  become  a  monopoly. 

Two  kinds  of  banks  come  to  notice  in  more 
recent  years — first,  the  Savings  Banks.  These 
banks  receive  from  depositors  money  for  safe- 
keeping, and  also  allow  a  small  rate  of  interest 
on  such  money;  but  their  functions  are  differ- 
ent from  the  second  class,  namely,  the  Com- 
mercial Banks,  which  seldom  if  ever  allow 
interest  on  deposits.  The  Commercial  Banks 
VI  ill  chiefly  be  spoken  of  in  this  article.  They 
may  be  divided  under  two  heads — the  National 
Banks,  established  under  United  States  laws, 
and  the  State  Banks,  incorporated  under  State 
laws.  The  latter  are  examined  at  least  once 
each  year  by  State  Bank  Commissioners,  who 
may  examine  the  condition  of  the  bank  at  any 
time  unexpected  to  the  officers  of  the  institu- 
tion. The  National  Bank  is  very  similar  to 
this,  except  that  it  is  examined  by  United  States 
Commissioners  sent  from  Washington.  The 
object  of  these  commissions  is,  by  examination 
into  the  condition  of  the  bank,  to  ascertain  if 
the  management  is  careful  as  to  the  kinds  of 
securities  it  receives  on  loans.  The  National 
Bank  when  being  established  is  compelled  to 
buy  a  certain  number  of  United  States  bonds, 
either  $50,000  or  $100,000  worth,  as  the  case 
may  be  according  to  its  capital.  These  bonds 
it  deposits  with  the  Controller  of  Currency  ^t 
Washington,  who  in  return  gives  the  bank 
National  Bank  notes  to  the  extent  of  90  per 
cent  of  its  deposit  of  bonds.  These  notes  the 
bank  may  loan  out  with  the  exception  of  25 
per  cent,  which  must  be  kept  as  a  reserve  fund 
to  redeem  any  notes  which  may  be  returned  to 
it.  Some  bankers  claim  that  there  is  an  ad- 
vantage in  the  National  Bank  over  the  ordinary 
commercial  bank  as  regards  profits,  as  they  get 
profits  on  their  money  twice,  namely,  4  per 
cent  on  the  bonds  which  they  deposit  at  Wash- 
ington, andG  or  7  per  cent  on  the  notes  which 
they  receive  in  exchange  for  these  bonds.  But 
all  bankers  do  not  feel  that  these  advantages 
compensate  for  certain  restrictions  which  are 
put  upon  National  Banks.  This  is  why  all 
banks  do  not  incorporate  under  national  laws. 
The  first  thing  necessary  in  establishing  a 
banking  business  is  to  secure  the  capital,  which 
serves  as  a  partial  guarantee  to  depositors  .that 
their  money  will  be  kept  in  safety.  Then  comes 
the  election  of  officers  and  directors,  if  the  busi- 
ne:ssbe  a  corporation.  lis  officers  are  known  and 
reputable  men  interestpd  in  other  enterprises, 
with  the  welfare  of  the  community  at  heart, 
who  seek  their  own  in  others'  prosperity,  and 
whose  aim  is  to  keep  their  bank  a  safe  and 
sound  institution,  yielding  a  fair  rate  of  interest 
on  honest  transactions. 

The  bank  runs  its  affairs  like  clock-work, 
opens  and  closes  at  regular  hours,  uses  every- 
body alike,  and  treats  all  bitsiness  as  confiden- 
tial. 
Mr.  Walker  is  a  customer  of  the  bank.    He 


Jan.  11.  18?  0] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


21 


IH  engaged  in  the  coramission  business,  which 
is  very  active,  and  consequently  he  lias  au  act- 1 
ive bank  account.  He  is  honest  and  franlc  in 
his  dealings  with  his  banker.  He  deposits  his 
money  in  the  hunk  to  keep  it  safe  and  tu  have 
it  cunvenient  to  check  against  for  funds  as 
Deeded.  He  depositJi  his  cliecks,  drafts  and 
note}!,  a.'^  the  bank  is  belter  prepared  to  collect 
them.  He  gets  his  exchange  at  the  bank,  be- 
cause it  is  the  most  convenient  niethiM)  pf  re- 
mitting money  from  one  point  to  another,  and 
the  bank  is  at  all  times  prepared  to  furnish  him 
such  exchange  at  lowest  rates.  He  borrows 
money  from  his  bank,  because  he  is  there 
known  best,  and  the  bank  is  always  ready  to 
give  its  customers  preference  in  making  loans, 
both  as  regards  rate  and  amount.  He  goes  tu 
his  banker  for  recommendations,  for  informa- 
tion, for  assistance  and  for  advice.  He  expects 
fair  treatment  from  the  otficera  and  courteous 
attention  from  the  clerks,  and  wants  his  trans- 
actions with  the  bank  made  known  to  no  one 
outside. 
When  leaving  his  signature  at  the  bank,  he 


National  Bank  of  Boston  or  to  whoever  may  be 
his  correspondent  there,  with  the  instructions 
that  upon  payment  of  the  amount  of  the  in* 
voice  by  Brown,  Craig  &.  Co.,  titc  shipping  re- 
ceipt be  ileliveretl  to  them.  Why  does  Jlr. 
Waker  employ  his  banker  in  this  case?  Be- 
cause he  knows  that  his  banker  has  responsible 
agents  in  Boston,  who  will  collect  the  money 
from  Brown,  Craig  &  Co.  before  delivering  the 
shipping  receipt  to  them,  and  they  have  no 
control  over  the  goods  until  they  possess  this 
receipt.  What  becomes  of  tlie  money  paid  to 
the  Boston  bank?  As  soon  as  they  receive  it 
they  telegraph  to  the  San  Francisco  banker, 
using  their  cipher  code.  The  mef^sage  roads  like 
this:  '*  Kngine  Walker  lag  steam  hope  Pleides." 
The  San  Francisco  banker  examines  his  code 
and  linds  that  this  means:  "  Draft  of  Walker 
on  Brown  S^iUOO  for  shipment  of  beans,  paid." 
Then  Mr.  Walker's  account  is  credited  on  the 
books  uf  the  San  Francisco  bank  and  the  First 
National  Bank  of  Boston  is  charged  with  the 
amount. 
Mr.  Walker  has  received  goods  from   JUnn, 


Wild  Rye  Grasses. 

Since  the  perenoial  rye  grasa  which  came  to 
QB  by  way  of  Australia  (and  thus  earned  the 
name  AuBtraliao  rye  ffrast)  has  become  so  popu- 
lar la  some  parts  of  California,  there  has  been 
frequent  mention  of  the  wild  rye  grass  which 
seems  to  be  wild  in  this  State,  and  there  has 
been  some  ooofueion  in  the  local  mind  as  to  the 
different  genera  whiob  popularly  go  under  the 
name  rye  grasses.  The  grass  whiob  is  usually 
meant  by  the  term  rye  grass  in  this  State  is 
Lolium  pereune,  and  there  is  another  species 
whioh  is  more  or  less  oonspicaous  as  the  cheat 
of  the  wbeat'deMs  of  some  parts  of  the  State, 
which  is  Lolium  ttmulenfum.  The  resemblance 
between  these  two  Is  close  enoagh  to  enable  a 
oareless  obaerver  to  class  them  together. 

There  is  another  genus  the  epecies  of  whioh 
are  also  called  rye  grasses,  and  that  is  the  genus 
Elymus,  of  whioh  two  American  species  are 
figured  on  this  page.     Tbeee  are  both  shorter 


bat  it  is  a  more  slender  grass  In  all  its  parts, 
varying  from  smooth  to  pubeecent.  The  spike 
is  three  to  four  inobes  long,  cylindrical,  and 
inclined  tn  rlrnnp.  The  glumes  are  more  slender 
than  E.  Viryinicus,  with  longer  awns.  The 
aplkelets  are  usually  two  flowered,  the  empty 
flumes  narrow,  rigid,  and  about  one  Inoh  long. 
The  body  or  dilated  pirt  of  the  flowering  glnote 
is  obloug,  about  four  lines  long,  and  tipped  with 
a  slender  awn  an  inch  or  more  in  length.  This 
speoies  grows  in  rooky  woods  and  on  river  banks, 
and  it  is  said  by  some  to  furnish  a  good  hay, 

lUuDCEU  Freiuht  on  Ohk. — B.  Campbell, 
general  freight  agent  of  the  Union  Faoiflo,  after 
oonBultitiOQ  with  mine-owners  iu  the  Cccar 
d'Alene  mines  as  to  the  freight  rates  neoessary 
to  seoure  a  liberal  movement  of  ores,  has  fixed 
rates  as  follows  :  Oa  crude  ore,  carrying  less 
than  40  per  cent  of  lead,  to  Missouri  river 
points,  312;  to  San  Francisco,  §10  50.  Ores 
carrying  .50  per  cent  of  lead  and  over,  to   Mia- 


TWO    WILD    RYE    GRASSES— Elymus    Vlrglnlcus    and   Strlatua. 


is  supposed  to  write  his  name  with  the  same 
natural  and  careless  ease  as  he  would  at  his  own 
desk,  and  he  should  endeavor  to  write  it  the 
same  at  all  times.  Thus  his  signature  will  be- 
come as  characteristic  and  recognizable  as  his 
face,  and  the  possibility  of  successful  forging  is 
'much  lessened. 

Mr.  Walker  receives  a  shipment  of  wheat,  to 
pay  for  which  he  has  not  sufficient  funds.  He 
goes  to  his  banker  and  states  the  case  to  him. 
The  banker  examines  the  quotations  in  the 
daily  paper  and  finds  that  wheat  is  selling  at 
$1.40  per  bushel;  so  he  tells  Mr.  W.  that  he  can 
loan  him  $1.20  per  bushel  provided  he  has  the 
warehouse  receipt-s.  Mr.  Walker  then  places  the 
wheat  in  some  i  esponsible  warehouse,  and  tak- 
ing the  receipts  to  his  banker,  has  the  amount 
of  the  loan  placed  to  the  credit  of  his  account 
at  the  bank,  so  that  he  may  check  against  it 
the  same  as  against  any  deposit  he  may  have 
made  from  time  to  time. 

Mr.  Walker  is  in  the  habit  of  shipping  beans 
to  Brown,  Craig  &  Co.  of  Boston,  and  wishes  to 
collect  the  amount  due  bira  on  shipments  made 
to  them.  He  prepares  the  invoice,  which  is 
merely  a  statement  of  the  goods  sent,  and  also 
the  shipping  receipt,  which  is  a  receipt  from  the 
railroad  company  that  they  have  received  cer- 
tain goods  marked  B.,  G.  &  Co.,  which  are  to 
"be  forwarded  to  Boston.  These  papers  he  takes 
to  his  banker,  who  forwards  them   to  the  First 


Bell  &  Co.,  New  York,  and  wishes  to  send  them 
the  amount  due  for  such  goods.  He  goes  to 
his  banker  and  buys  New  York  exchange,  which 
is  an  order  of  the  San  Francisco  banker  on  the 
Mercantile  Bank  of  New  York  to  pay  Mann. 
Bell  &  Co,  a  certain  sum  of  money.  This  order 
Mr.  Walker  mails  to  Mann,  Bell  &Co.  They 
indorse  it  on  the  back,  thus  acknowledging  the 
receipt  of  the  money,  and  present  it  at  the 
Mercantile  Bank  and  receive  payment. 

These  transactions  of  Mr.  Walker  include  the 
principal  operations  of  a  bank.  Of  course  there 
are  other  details  of  business  which  the  banker 
performs,  such  as  the  buying  and  selling  of 
stocks  for  clients  and  the  issuing  of  letters  of 
credit  on  the  principal  cities  of  the  world;  but 
these  are  minor  affairs  compared  with  the  loan- 
ing of  money,  the  buying  and  selling  of  ex- 
change and  the  making  of  collections. 


The  Napa  Consolidated. — B.  M.  Newcomb, 
superintendent  of  the  Napa  Consolidated 
Quicksilver  mine,  makes  the  following  state- 
ment, showing  the  production  of  and  shipments 
from  the  mine  during  the  year  1889:  January, 
385  flasks;  February,  400;  March,  380;  April, 
320;  May,  445;  June,  415;  Julv.  340;  August, 
450;  September,  360;  October,  385;  November, 
380;  December,  330;  total,  4590.— i^apa  I^eg- 
ister.  Jan.  2d. 


in  the  head,  more  bearded  and  otherwise  differ- 
ent from  the  species  whioh  is  most  abundant  in 
this  State,  and  is  called  "giant  rye  grass" 
[Elymua  condensatus),  but  they  all  are  different 
enough  from  our  species  of  Lolium  to  enable 
one  easily  to  pronounce  them  distinct  from  the 
more  valuable  kinds. 

The  species  which  are  shown  by  the  reproduc- 
tion of  encfravines  from  Dr.  Vasey's  reports  are 
first,  Elymus  Virginicus,  a  coarse  perennial 
grass,  growing  on  alluvial  river  banks,  or  in 
rich  low  grounds.  The  culm  is  rather  stout, 
two  to  three  feet  high,  leafy;  the  lower  leaves 
are  10  to  15  inches  long,  broad  and  rough.  The 
sheath  of  the  upper  leaf  usually  incloses  the 
stalk  and  sometimes  the  base  of  the  flower 
spike.  This  spike  is  erect,  dense  and  rigid, 
two  to  four  or  five  inches  long  and  one-half 
inch  thick.  The  spikelets  are  two  or  three 
together  at  each  jdint,  all  alike  and  fertile, 
sessile,  two  to  five  flowered,  and  each  with  a 
pair  of  empty  glumes.  These  glumes  are  very 
thick  and  coarse,  strongly  nerved,  lanceolate, 
and  bristle-pointed,  about  one  inoh  long.  Prof. 
Killebrew  of  Tennessee  says  it  is  very  valuable 
and  ought  to  be  tried  in  cultivation. 

The  other  species  is  £.7^»iM5  s(7-fa(tts — "Smaller 
Wild  Rye  grass."  This  grass  has  a  structure 
as  to  the  flower*Bpike  similar  to  the  preceding. 


sonri  river  points,  $16;  to  San  Francisco,  $12.50. 
But  little  ore  has  been  shipped  from  Cceur 
d'Alene  of  late  owing  to  the  high  rates  charged 
by  the  Northern  Paciflc.  It  is  supposed  that 
this  reduction  of  from  $5  to  $10  a  ton  will 
cause  a  greatly  inoreaBf  d  output,  and  that  the 
shipments  will  be  150  tons  a  day  and  more 
after  awhile^ 

CoMSTOCK  Bullion. — The  Dacember  bullion 
yield  of  Comstook  mines  aggregates  in  round 
numbers  about  $620,000.  divided  as  follows  : 
Con,  Cal.  and  Virginia,  §300,000;  Savage,  S45,- 
000;  Alta,  $30,000;  Hale  and  Norcross.  SlOO,- 
000;  Justice,  $25  000;  Yellow  Jackot.  $40,000; 
Crown  Point,  $55  000;  Occidental,  $15,000;  and 
Overman,  $10,000. 


Steamers'  Records.  —  The  Peninsular  & 
Oriental  Steam  Navigation  Co.  owns  a  fleet  of 
72  steamships  of  190,270  tons  and  189.000-horsa 
power.  Last  year  the  fleet  steamed  2  500,000 
miles/*  without  accident  or  delay."  There  is 
a  record  worth  talking  about. 

The  Tides  on  the  IsTHMns. — At  Asninwall 
on  the  Atlantic  side  of  the  Isthmus  of  Panama 
the  rise  of  the  tide  is  only  1^  feet,  but  at  Pana- 
ma on  the  Pacific  side  there  is  at  times  a  differ- 
ence of  21  feet  between  high  and  low  water. 


22 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press.' 


[Jan.  11,  1890 


IQlNIJMG   SUMMAF^Y, 

The  foUowing  Is  moBtly  coudeosed  from  journals  publiehed 
in  the  interior.  In  proximltf  to  the  mines  mentioned. 


CALIFORNIA. 

Amador. 

Sutter  Creek.— Ledger ^  Jan.  4:  The  ten- 
stamp  mill  resumed  operations  last  Tuesday,  and  a 
steady  run  for  a  considerable  time  is  anticipated. 
The  ore  is  being  taken  from  an  open  cut  60  feet 
long  and  30  feet  wide.  Everything  is  put  through 
the  mill.  The  formation  is  broken  up,  as  a  well- 
defined  ledge  could  not  reasonably  be  looked  for  at 
such  a  depth.  We  are  told  by  the  superintendent 
that  the  rock  sent  to  the  mill  averages  between  $4 
and  $5  per  ton.  At  this  rate,  when  fixed  up  to 
work  economically  and  on  a  large  scale,  the  mine 
ought  to  piy  handsomely.  There  is  a  shaft  on  the 
property  which,  however,  is  only  60  feet  deep,  and 
it  is  not  being  worked  at  present.  Seven  men  are 
employed — five  in  the  mine  and  two  at  the  mill. 
The  property  has  been  listed  on  the  stock  board  in 
New  York.  At  the  present  ten-stamp  mill  they  have 
only  90  feet  fall,  consequently  the  cost  of  water- 
power  is  a  material  item.  It  is  proposed  to  increase 
the  milling  capacity  to  20  stamps,  and  to  bring 
water  direct  from  the  Amador  canal  through  an  11- 
inch  pipe.  This  will  necessitate  a  pipe-line  7000 
feet  long.  The  survey  for  this  line  was  made  this 
week,  and  we  are  told  the  work  will  be  pressed  for- 
ward to  completion  as  speedily  as  possible.  Alto- 
gether the  cost  of  the  contemplated  improvements 
is  estimated  at  $20,000.  The  claim  embraces  iioo 
linear  feet  by  450  in  width,  Some  rich  pockets 
were  met  with  near  the  surface. 

Amador  Gold  Mine.— At  this  mine  there  are 
about  80  men  employed.  The  owners  in  London 
are  clamoring  for  the  completion  of  the  mill.  They 
of  course  do  not  realize  the  condition  of  the  roads, 
and  therefore  cannot  understand  why  the  mill  re- 
mains at  a  standstill  so  long.  It  is  an  utter  im- 
possibility to  get  any  teamster  to  undertake  the 
hauling  of  the  rock-crusher  and  other  heavy  material 
while  the  roads  are  so  bad.  Indeed,  the  outlook  is 
not  favorable  for  getting  this  machinery  on  the 
ground  until  the  winter  is  over. 

Miscellaneous. — Most  of  the  mines  are  greatly 
troubled  from  the  increase  of  water  necessitating  the 
running  of  the  oumps  a  considerable  portion  of  the 
time.  At  the  Z^ile  the  lower  level  is  flooded.  This, 
however,  does  not  cause  much  difficulty,  but  if  the 
flow  of  water  continues,  it  will  be  hard  to  keep  the 
mill  going  and  at  the  same  time  prevent  the  water 
from  flooding  other  levels.  A  15-inch  pipe  1500 
feet  long  has  been  laid  from  the  Kennedy  reservoir 
to  the  mill,  which  will  hereafter  be  operated  by 
water-power. 

Butte. 

Gold  and  Copper.— Oroville  Register,  Jan.  6: 
From  the  Stow  mine,  Forbestown,  3000  pounds  of 
pure  copper  have  been  extracted  and  shipped  below 
during  the  past  few  weeks.  The  copper  is  pro- 
nounced by  experts  to  be  equal  to  any  in  the  world. 
The  Stow  and  Golden  Queen  mines  at  Forbestown 
are  panning  out  in  a  surprising  manner.  Since  the 
erection  of  the  latest  improved  chlorination  works 
there,  $1000  a  month  is  being  saved  that  has  here- 
tofore been  lost  in  the  refuse.  The  rock  is  very 
high  grade  in  gold,  and  the  sulphurets  are  exceed- 
ingly rich.  Other  improvements  in  gold-saving  ma 
chinery  are  being  put  in,  and  the  rock  is  expected 
to  average  $250  a  ton. 

El  Dorado. 

Stopped  Work. — Placerville  Observer,  Jan.  6: 
The  present  stage  of  bad  weather  has  stopped  work 
On  the  Taylor  mine,  near  Garden  Valley.  The  new 
company'  taking  hold  of  the  mine  will  rebuild  the 
surface  works,  putting  in  new  hoisting  works  and 
20  stamps,  with  room  for  20  more.  Things  will  be 
lively  on  this  mine  as  soon  as  the  weather  permits 
of  surface  workings. 

Henry's  Diggings. — Water  will  be  abundant 
next  summer  for  mining.  L.  L.  Alexander  has 
stopped  work  at  the  Crystal  mine,  but  is  still 
at  the  mine.  John  McLane  and  J.  Ryan  are 
still  at  work  in  the  Oak  mine,  with  good  prospects 
ahead.  William  Armstrong  has  out  a  big  pile  of 
gravel,  taken  from  the  Old  Siand-By  at  Henry's 
Diggings.  The  Carrie  Hale  mine  is  lying  idle  lor 
the  want  of  an  owner  and  miner. 

Fresno. 

Hildreth. — Cor.  Fresno  Expositor,  Jan.  i: 
Things  were  lively  for  awhile  around  the  old  Hil- 
dreth mine,  pioneer  of  the  district,  named  after  the 
late  illustrious  Tom  Hildreth,  from  whom,  by  the 
way,  the  town  also  derives  its  name.  This  mine  has 
had  rather  a  checkered  career,  proving  at  times  the 
joy  and  sorrow  of  its  many  owners,  but  owing  to 
bad  management  and  other  adverse  circumstances 
it  has  never  paid  any  large  dividends.  Some  very 
remarkably  rich  strikes  have  been  made  there,  how- 
ever, and  the  present  owner,  Wm.  Dunphy  of  San 
Francisco,  is  well  aware  of  the  fact  that  it  only  needs 
to  be  properly  handled  to  prove  a  paying  proposi- 
tion, T.  P.  Peck  and  Geo.  Hildreth,  Mr.  Dunphy's 
right  bowers,  were  with  us  recently  looking  after 
assessment  work  and  getting  everything  into  shape 
for  future  operations.  Mr,  Peck  was  we  1  pleased 
with  the  outlook  and  told  us  he  hoped  to  see  a  gen- 
eral resumption  of  work  on  the  mine  early  next 
spring.  R'^'Sponsible  parties  are  negotiating  for  a 
lease  of  the  Abbey  which  proved  so  long  the  mainstay 
of  the  town,  and  although  the  final  papers  have  not 
yet  been  drawn  up  we  understand  that  no  serious 
hitch  lies  in  the  way  of  a  satisfactory  agreement  be- 
tween the  interested  parties.  The  syndicate  oper- 
ating at  the  Zoller  mine  is  from  latest  accounts 
making  good  headway,  getting  out  plenty  of  ore  and 
finding  a  better  prospect  the  more  they  proceed  with 
development  work.  The  rough  weather,  however, 
is  giving  them  some  trouble  with  the  crushing  of 
rock  and  has  likewise  seriously  retarded  business  at 
Zsbra.  Here  we  understand  it  has  necessitated  a 
total  suspension  of  work,  which  it  is  to  be  hoped  will 
prove  only  temporary. 

Inyo. 

Good  Mining  Region. — Inyo  Independent^  Jan. 
6:  Mr.  G,  A.  Smith,  a  real  estate  dealer  and  min- 
ing speculator  of  Los  Angeles,  made  a  trip  recently 
through  the  Darwin  and  Panamint  country  and  got 
back  to  Independence  at  the  beginning  of  this  week. 
He  says  that  over  a  wide  region  of  country  he  saw 
many  mining  claims  that  he  is  confident  would  pay 
good  profit  if  rail  transportation  could  be  had  for 


the  ore.  Immense  quantities  of  ore  are  in  sight 
that  is  too  low  grade  to  pay  for  hauling  70  or  80 
miles  by  wagon  as  must  now  be  done  to  get  it  to 
a  railroad.  But  if  the  railroad  were  within  easy 
reach  all  of  this  ore  would  be  taken  out,  affording 
employment  for  many  men  and  much  capital,  Mr. 
Smith  bonded  an  antimony  mine  from  Mr.  Hanni- 
gan  situated  on  the  Death  Valley  side  of  the  Pana- 
mint mountains.  Mr.  Smith  says  this  is  a  large  de- 
posit of  antimony,  and  he  has  no  doubt  the  mine 
will  be  a  valuable  property  if  worked.  He  was  in- 
duced to  go  into  that  country  in  the  hope  of  the 
speedy  extension  of  the  railroad  from  Salt  Lake  to 
Los  Angeles,  but  until  this  extension  shall  be  made 
the  properly  has  no  value.  He  felt  discouraged  by 
recent  reports  that  the  road  would  not  be  extended 
beyond  Pioche  and  said  that  his  firm  would  not  now 
expend  any  money  in  opening  the  mine. 

The  Alexander  Mine.— Scott  Broder  and  his 
partner,  Acunba,  are  working  the  Alexander  mine 
in  Waucoba.  Several  years  ago  John  Alexander 
took  out  the  first  ore  from  this  mine;  it  was  found 
close  to  the  surface,  and  was  very  easily  mined.  The 
second-class  quality  of  the  ore  gave  17  ounces  silver 
per  ton  and  44  per  cent  lead.  "  At  the  prices  then 
paid  for  silver  and  lead,  the  ore  was  worth  $55  per 
ton.  The  rest  of  the  ore  gave  24  ounces  silver  per 
ton  and  56  per  cent  lead.  This  ore  was  then  worth 
about  $68  per  ton.  The  cost  of  getting  out  the  ore 
to  the  railroad  was  so  great  that  Mr.  Alexander 
made  but  one  shipment  of  11  tons  and  then  quit 
work  upon  the  mine.  For  packing  i}^  miles  to 
where  the  ore  could  be  reached  with  wagons  the 
charge  was  $3  per  ton.  He  had  also  to  provide 
water  for  the  pack  animals  at  an  additional  cost  of 
$S  per  barrel,  or  nearly  $2  for  water  against  each 
ton  of  ore.  The  cost  of  hauling  by  wagons  to  the 
railroad  was  $4  per  ton.  Then  railroad  freight  and 
cost  of  working  added  to  the  other  expense  left 
nothing  for  the  miner.  Now  the  ore  can  be  got  out 
and  worked  at  far  less  expense  than  before,  and  the 
prospect  is  good  that  a  fair  margin  of  profit  will  be 
left  for  the  miners.  The  mine  is  but  little  over  13 
miles  distant  from  Alvord,  on  the  C.  &  C.  railroad. 
Cerro  Gordo. — The  combination  shaft  at  Cerro 
Gordo  is  retimbered  down  to  the  Omega  tunnel,  a 
depth  of  300  feet.  To  the  next  tunnel  below,  the 
distance  is  between  300  and  400  feet,  and  the  work 
of  timbering  down  to  that  point  is  being  pushed  as 
rapidly  as  possible. 

Ore, — In  doing  assessment  work  in  the  Beaure- 
gard mine  at  Cerro  Gordo,  Jack  Dunphy  has  struck 
some  fine  ore.  The  extent  of  the  body  cannot  yet 
be  determined,  but  it  looks  as  if  there  might  be  a 
good  deal  of  it.  Dunphy  recently  purchased  a  con- 
trolling interest  in  the  property. 

Antimony.— Joe  Danielson,  John  Curran  and 
William  Hannigan  have  bonded  antimony  mines  in 
Wild  Rose  mining  district  to  G.  A.  Smith  of  Los 
Angeles  for  $3000.  Mr.  Smith  intends  to  develop 
the  property,  and  if  satisfied  with  the  result,  will 
build  reduction  works  near  the  mines. 

Found  Gold.  —  Inyo  Index,  Jan.  i:  In  his 
search  for  lead  ore  in  the  old  Uncle  Abe  mine,  Ma- 
zurka Canyon,  Phil.  Cartier  struck  a  fair-sized  ledge 
of  gold  ore  that  promises  to  become  a  good  mine. 
Several  specimens  sent  to'  town  are  rich  in  free  gold, 
and  the  quartz  is  of  excellent  character. 

Chloriding.— Ben  Laskey  tells  us  that  there  are 
now  14  men  chloriding  at  the  Keynot  mine  in  Bev- 
erage district.  A  bunch  of  very  rich  ore  was  struck 
the  other  day,  the  extent  of  which  is  not  yet  known. 
Lookout. — Register,  Jan.  2:  Through  a  pri- 
vate note  from  Lookout  district,  we  learn  that  Supt. 
Frank  Fitzgerald  of  the  Modoc  Consolidated 
is  working  nine  men  at  $3.50  per  diem,  five  at  $3.14, 
and  two  at  $45  per  month  and  board.  Since  No- 
vember i8th,  he  has  been  concentrating  and  jigging 
the  old  dumps.  The  result  of  the  first  two  carloads 
shipped  was  as  follows:  Concentrations  from 
rocker,  70  ozs.  silver,  31  per  cent  lead.  Concen- 
trations from  jigger,  166.6  ozs.  silver,  54  per  cent 
lead,  and  gold  at  the  rate  of  $7.02  per  ton.  These 
dumps  will  last  nine  months  or  more,  and  will  fur- 
nish steady  employment  for  20  or  more  men  during 
that  time. 

Kern. 
Metallic  Antimony.— Kern  County  Califor- 
tiian,  Jan.  4:  A.  Blanc,  a  gentleman  from  Oak- 
land, who  has  been  having  some  mines  prospected 
on  Erskine  creek,  discovered  a  curious-looking  ore 
which  he  took  to  San  Francisco  for  determination. 
It  puzzled  almost  all  the  experts  until  by  analysis  it 
proved  to  be  native  antimony  and  almost  chemi- 
cally pure.  The  occurrence  of  metallic  antimony  in 
a  native  state  is  only  once  before  known.  In  a 
scientific  work  published  over  a  hundred  years  ago, 
mention  is  made  of  the  discovery  at  Auvergne, 
France,  of  a  small  deposit  of  pure  antimony.  The 
metal  is  fine-grained,  with  steely  fracture,  and 
has  puzzled  ail  the  metallurgists.  It  is  not  ex- 
pected that  much  will  be  found,  but  from  its  rarity 
to  find  any  at  all  may  be  considered  a  metallurgical 
event. 

Lake. 

Silver  Mines.— Clear  Lake  Press,  Jan.  3:  Last 
week  we  had  the  pleasure  of  examining  some  of  the 
ore  from  the  newly  discovered  silver  mines  across 
the  lake  mentioned  in  a  former  article.  The  owners 
were  confident  that  they  had  struck  a  bonanza  and 
were  shipping  some  of  their  ore  to  the  city  to  have 
it  worked,  a  much  more  satisfactory  way  of  deter- 
mining its  value  than  an  assay  made  from  choice 
pieces  of  ore.  The  general  character  of  the  rock 
seems  to  be  a  decomposed  quartz  carrying  a  heavy 
per  cent  of  chlorides  of  silver;  there  is  also  quite  a 
sprinkling  of  gray  quartz  in  which  native  silver  can 
be  very  easily  traced.  Many  croppings  are  found  in 
that  neighborhood. 

Marluosn. 
Placers.— Cor.  Mariposa  Nti.vs,  Jan.  4:  Placer 
mining  is  now  generally  conceded  to  be  a  dead  in 
duslry,  a  relic  of  '49.  and  the  special  object  of  ad- 
verse legislation.  Mariposa  placers  and  gravel 
claims,  rich  and  numerous  as  they  were  in  early 
days,  have  hardly  been  worked.  The  surface  mines 
were  exploited  in  primitive  ways  and  deep  diggings 
left  undisturbed.  Claims  that  did  not  yield  $5  or 
$10  per  diem  were  considered  unproductive  and 
were  abandoned.  A  subsequent  series  of  dry  win- 
ters, scarcity  of  water  due  mostly  to  the  improvi- 
dence of  early  settlers  in  not  securing  water  rights, 
were  the  main  facts  of  placer  mining  being  discon- 
tinued, while  the  excitement  that  followed  the  dis- 
covery of  quartz,  mines  diverted  the  attention  to 
other  channels.  Enormously  rich  banks  of  gravel 
still  exist  in  our  county,  and  the  present  wet  winter 
will  give  the  "gambusino"  a  show  to  prove  it.     At 


Phillip's  Flat  there  is  one  of  the  richest  gravel  banks 
in  the  State.  It  is  the  old  river  channel  running  in 
streaks  parallel  with  the  present  course  of  the 
stream  and  pays  all  the  way  from  five  cents  to  $25 
per  pan.  This  is  not  exaggeration,  for  there  are 
men  in  our  vicinity  who  have  worked  these  and 
whom  scarcity  of  water  drove  to  more  remunerative 
employment.  Hundreds  of  thousands  of  dollars 
were  taken  out  in  early  days.  The  fiat  originally 
held  40  or  50  acres;  of  these  some  10  or  12  only  re- 
main on  the  upper  part,  and  it  has  always  been 
considered  the  richest,  and  is  still  left  undisturbed. 


mostly  on  account  of  a  high  bank  of  cement  that  ^he  Mayflower  gives  employment  to  the  usual  force, 
had  to  be  blasted.     In  1880-81,  the  owners,  Messrs.'  and  shows  no  abatement  in  its  output  of  dust.     The 


adjoining  the  Gray  Eagle.  There  has  been  but 
little  mining  either  at  Todds  Valley  or  Yankee  Jims 
during  the  year.  Some  work  has  been  done  on  the 
Red  Sea  at  the  latter  place,  and  C.  Trafton  has 
now  a  tunnel  about  800  feet  in  length  in  his  Georgia 
Hill  claim.  At  Forest  Hill  there  is  but  little  raid- 
ing going  on  except  at  the  Mayflower,  Work  on 
a  large  scale  was  suspended  last  spring  at  the  Dar- 
danelles. Several  men  are  at  work  there  now. 
The  Baker  Divide  Co.  is,  drifting,  and  would,  if  all 
their  upraises  and  drifts  had  been  put  into  the  main 
tunnel,  have  been  in  between  6000  and  7000  feet 


M.  Bauer  and  T.  Branson,  did  a  great  deal  of  dead- 
work  and  ran  a  tunnel  from  the  river  to  the  old 
channel,  blasting  every  foot  of  the  way.  Lack  of 
water  has  since  prevented  further  operations,  but 
now  things  have  somewhat  changed.  With  a  40- 
foot  fall,  a  2-foot  hose  with  a  2-inch  nozzle,  they  are 
at  work,  and  as  the  stream  strikes  the  bank,  earth, 
gravel  and  boulders  come  tumbling  down  at  a  lively 
rate,  and  find  their  way  to  the  river  through  a  long 
string  of  sluice-boxes,  leaving  the  shining  gold  on  the 
bottom.  Although  Mr.  Branson  says  that  he  cal- 
culates the  season's  returns  will  go  from  $10,000  to 
$15,000,  experienced  miners  think  he  will  fall 
short  of  the  mark.  Were  we  to  have  the  water  fa- 
cilities other  counties  are  blessed  with,  we  would  not 
feel  the  weight  of  the  Mariposa  Grant  hanging  on 
our  necks,  and  would  pull  through  anyhow. 

Chinese  ON  the  Grant.— Mariposa  A'^^j,  Dec. 
28;  A  communication  appeared  in  the  last  issue  of 
the  Mining  and  Scientific  Press,  in  which  the 
correspondent  says  that  Chinese  are  exclusively  em- 
ployed on  the  Grant,-  in  the  mine  at  Bear  valley. 
This  is  a  mistake.  At  times  it  is  found  necessary  to 
employ  a  few  Chinese  there  doing  work  that  white 
men  will  not  like  to  do,  and  then  only  for  a  few 
days. 

Mapa. 
The  Napa  Consolidated.— ifftf^/j/^r,  Jan.  3; 
B.  M.  Newcomb,  superintendent  of  the  Napa  Con- 
solidated Quicksilver  mine,  favors  us  with  the  fol- 
lowing statement  showing  the  production  of  and 
shipments  from  the  mine  during  the  year  1889; 
January,  385  flasks;  February,  400;  March,  38U: 
April,  320;  May,  445;  June,  415;  July,  340;  August, 
450;  September,  360;  October,  385;  November,  380; 
December,  330;  total,  4390  flasks. 

The  Knoxville  Mine. — James  Raphael,  fore- 
man of  the  Knoxville  mine,  says  the  roads  between 
here  and  Knoxville  are  in  a  terrible  condition,  but 
he  managed  to  get  through  on  horseback.  Of  the 
mine  he  says  it  is  closed  down  for  the  present. 
There  is  an  abundance  of  ore,  but  because  of  bad 
roads  they  can  neither  get  anything  in  nor  out, 
The  new  engine  shaft  is  running  night  and  day.  It 
is  now  at  a  depth  of  160  feet.  When  a  depth  40 
feet  lower  is  reached  a  station  will  be  established 
and  a  crosscut  will  be  made  into  the  ledge.  With 
passable  roads  a^.ain  the  mine  will  be  running  in 
full  blast 

Quicksilver  Shipments. — Calistogian,  Jan.  i: 
There  were  shipped  from  Calistoga,  during  the 
month  of  December,  flasks  of  quicksilver  produced 
at  the  mines  as  follows:  Bradford.  183;  Napa  Con,, 
275;  Gt.  Western,  116;  Sulphur  Bank,  159.  Total 
flasks,  733.  Exclusive  of  the  above  there  were  25 
flasks  received  yesterday  from  the  Bradford  mine, 
but  as  they  were  not  shipped  from  Calistoga  until 
after  the  close  of  December,  they  will  be  included  in 
January  shipments. 

Nevada. 
Mining  Drawbacks. —Grass  Valley  Union, 
Jan.  7:  The  storms  of  rain  and  snow  which  have 
so  persistently  prevailed  this  winter  have  not  seri- 
ously interfered  with  quartz  mining  in  this  district 
up  to  the  present  time,  although  the  pumps  have 
been  required  to  do  extra  duty  in  keeping  the  water 
in  the  mines  under  control,  and  since  the  heavy 
snowstorms  have  come  there  has  been  a  constant 
apprehension  of  snowslides  along  the  line  of  the 
ditches  that  supply  water-power  for  the  mines  and 
mills.  Such  accidents  have  not  yet  occurred,  and 
the  amount  of  water  carried  in  the  large  ditches 
may  prevent  them  freezing  up,  but  with  the  temper- 
ature getting  down  to  within  a  few  degrees  of  zero, 
that  misfortune  may  occur  at  any  time.  The  cold 
weather  of  yesterday  interfered  with  milling,  as  the 
quicksilver  plates  on  the  aprons  would  not  take  up 
the  gold  readily,  and  there  may  be  a  temporary 
shutting  down  of  the  mills  until  the  weather  be- 
comes more  mild. 

Frozen  Up. — Tidings,  Jan.  6:  The  snow  and 
frigid  temperature  has  resulted  in  difficulties  at  the 
mills  and  mines.  The  Pittsburg's  supply  ditch  i= 
frozen,  and  the  steam  plant  is  being  utilized  for 
hoisting  and  pumping.  The  Idaho  mill  is  froze  up, 
and  operations  have  been  suspended  until  the 
weather  moderates.  At  the  mine,  however,  opera- 
lions  are  proceeding  full  blast.  The  .pump-rod  at 
the  Empire  broke  Saturday  night,  and  that  at  the 
North  Star  Sunday  night,  necessitating  delays 
of  several  hours.  As  is  the  case  at  the  other 
mines  of  the  district,  water  is  at  present  giv- 
ing no  little  trouble  and  anxiety,  the  pump  at  the 
North  Star  being  run  at  double  the  usual  speed. 
Four  feet  of  snow  at  Bloomfield  and  six  feet  at  the 
Derbec.  The  Derbec  mine  has  been  shut  down 
temporarily,  because  the  ditches  are  frozen  and  wa- 
ter for  the  boilers  cannot  be  had.  A  prolonged  cold 
snap  and  the  formation  of  ice  in  the  South  Yuba 
canal,  from  which  water  for  power  is  derived  by 
Grass  Valley's  principal  mines,  is  feared.  The  ditch 
crew  have  been  reinforced,  we  understand,  and  no 
expense  will  be  spared  to  keep  the  canal  open. 

The  Peabody.  —  Transcript,  Jan.  3:  The  work 
of  pumping  out  the  Peabody  mine  at  Grass  Valley 
was  completed  this  week,  and  Supt  Tilley  now  has 
his  men  at  work  enlarging  the  shaft.  Sinking  will 
be  commenced  as  soon  as  the  work  of  enlarging  is 
completed. 

Placer. 
Forest  Hill  Divide. — Placer  Herald,  Jan.  6: 
Mining  as  it  has  been  for  years  still  claims  the  at- 
tention of  most  of  the  people,  and  probably  will 
until  the  gravel  beds  are  worked  out.  No  startling 
developments  have  been  made  during  the  year,  al- 
though much  labor  has  been  expended.  The  Gray 
Eagle  Co.,  early  in  the  spring,  succeeded  in  sink- 
ing a  shaft  350  feet  in  depth  to  good  gravel.  They 
then  turned  their  attention  to  running  a  tunnel  that 
should  tap  the  channel  and  drain  it.  The  tunnel 
is  now  over  500  feet  in  length.  The  rock  is  a  soft 
black  slate,  and  consequently  admits  of  rapid  prog- 
ress. Anthony  Clark  has  started  another  tunnel 
farther  up  Owl  Creek  to  tap  the  Wolverine,  a.  claim 


mill  has  been  running  almost  steadily  since  it  was 
started  on  Dec.  11,  1888,  Twenty  stamps  have 
been  in  operation  the  greater  part  of  the  time.  The 
yield  in  gold  for  the  year  ending  Dec.  11.  1889, 
was  $330,000,  and  for  the  month  of  November, 
the  mme  paid  $34,000,,-  For  the  last  six  months 
the  principal  part  of  the  work  has  been  done  in  the 
north  gangway.  The  yellow  deposit  with  its  black 
gold  has  been  cut  through  and  connection  will  be 
made  shortly  with  the  old  ground  which  paid  so 
immensely  in  1886.  The  old  Paragon  at  Bath  .has 
been  beating  its  record  for  the  last  few  months. 
This  mine  has  been  one  of  the  richest  in  the  State. 
It  was  worked  in  1850  by  George  Webster.  In 
1862  A,  Breece,  Judson  Wheeler  and  W.  A.  Free- 
man owned  it.  Mr.  Freeman  afterward  sold  out 
and  went  to  Oakland  with  a  fortune.  Messrs. 
Breece  &  Wheeler  have  owned  the  mine  since  then, 
and  have  consolidated  with  it  the  Mint  and  Rough 
Gold,  There  are  two  channels,  an  upper  and  lower. 
The  upper  was  rich,  but  never  paid  so  regularly  as 
the  lower.  No  work  has  been  done  on  this  for 
years.  The  tunnel  in  the  lower  channel  is  now 
9240  feet  long.  The  pay  dirt  where  work  is  now 
going  on  is  six  feet  in  depth  and  very  rich.  Gang- 
ways and  crosscuts  are  being  run  in  order  to  block 
out  the  ground  so  that  a  large  force  of  men  can  be 
put  to  work.  The  channel  here  is  60  feet  wide, 
and  on  one  side  yields  $60  to  the  carload  or  ton  of 
gravel.  Mr.  Breece  has  taken  out  as  high  as  $3000 
to  the  pan  in  this  claim,  and  in  one  crevice  last  win- 
ter he  took  out  $15,000.  It  is  a  remarkable  mine, 
and  there  appears  to  be  no  end  to  its  rich- 
ness. It  has  always  paid  big  dividends  from 
the  time  it  was  opened.  According  to  latest  re- 
ports no  mining  has  been  done  at  Michigan  Bluflf 
since  last  winter.  W.  Muir  is  operating  at  the  Oro 
near  the  Weske,  and  is  taking  out  some  gold.  The 
Hidden  Treasure  tunnel  is  now  8300  feet  in  length 
and  in  rich  ground.  Some  idea  of  the  amount  of 
work  that  is  done  in  this  mine  may  be  gained  from 
the  statement  that  200,000  laggings  and  40,000  caps 
and  posts  are  used  yearly  in  the  tunnel,  drifts  and 
crosscuts. 

San  Dleeo. 
Another  Good  Strike. — Julian  Sentinel,  Tan. 
i:  Last  week  another  new  strike  was  made  in  Ban-, 
ner.  This  time  it  was  in  new  ground,  and  by  three 
deserving  lads  who  have  been  wont  to  swing  a  ham- 
mer and  shove  a  drill  in  this  camp.  The  boys  are 
miners  from  way  back,  and  know  a  good  thing  when 
they  see  it.  The  ledge  is  well-defined,  about  eight 
inches  in  width,  and  will  mill  $60  per  ton  on  the  sur- 
face. This  strike  is  proof  of  what  we  have  always 
contended  that  this  camp  is  not  half  prospected  yet. 
Pine  Valley.  —  San  Diegan,  Jan.  2:  The 
Hawkes  Brothers  and  others,  who  are  in  from  the 
Pine  Valley  mining  section,  are  much  elated  over 
the  prospects  in  that  locality.  To-day  they  inter- 
ested a  number  of  miners  by  showing  specimens  of 
rich  quartz  from  claims  which  they  have,  situated 
about  half-way  between  Noble's  camp  in  Pine  Val- 
ley and  the  Stonewall  mine  at  Julian.  "  In  30  years' 
experience,''  said  one,  "  I  don't  think  I  ever  saw  so 
many  acres  of  rich  rock  in  any  one  place— ore  that 
runs  $100  to  $500  and  up  to  $1000  to  the  ton.  Take 
a  piece  of  quartz  in  almost  any  place,  the  size  of 
your  thumb,  and  you  can  get  upward  of  a  hundred 
colors  from  it  Within  a  radius  of  a  mile  and  a 
quarter  from  our  camp  there  are  not  less  than  30 
claims,  any  one  of  which  is  as  good  as  the  average 
run  in  the  Alamo,  and  with  the  added  advantage 
that  it  is  aU  under  the  American  flag."  Governor 
Waterman's  son,  who  is  in  charge  of  the  famous 
StonewaU  mine,  was  over  in  Pine  Valley  the  other 
day  to  satisfy  himself  as  to  the  truth  of  the  reported 
rich  finds  there.  According  to  the  statement  of 
one  of  the  prospectors  now  in  the  city,  the  Gov- 
ernor's son  was  astonished  at  what  he  saw,  and  he 
predicted  a  very  prosperous  camp  when  develop- 
ments are  well  under  way.  The  Pine  Valley  section 
is  quite  cool  during  the  winter — snow  not  infrequent- 
ly falling  there.  This  season,  however,  the  weather 
has  been  very  mild,  in  fact  there  is  seldom  a  month 
in  the  year  that  mining  cannot  be  carried  on.  The 
average  climate  is  delightful;  there  is  an  abundance 
of  wood  and  water,  and  from  all  accounts  the  field 
is  a  most  inviting  one  to  industrious  miners.  Pine 
Valley  is  bound  to  come  to  the  front. 
Shasta. 
Squaw  Creek.— Cor.  Redding  Free  Press,  Jan. 
4:  Ihe  Uncle  Sam  mine  is  running  with  a  full  force, 
there  being  about  60  men  employed.  Several  of  the 
laborers  have  moved  their  families  in  here  and  they 
expect  to  have  a  school  in  the  near  future.  L.  J. 
Fader  is  running  three  four-horse  freight  wagons 
into  the  Squaw  Creek  mines;  also  a  daily  stage. 

Dry  Process — The  large  new  mill  of  the  Calu- 
met company,  for  working  gold  ores  by  Paul's  new 
dry  process,  is  now  completed  and  will  commence 
running  the  coming  week.  This  is  the  second  mill 
the  company  has  built  in  the  past  year  for  the  same 
process. 

Siskiyou 
South  Fork  of  Scott  River.— Cor.  Yreka 
Journal,  Jan.  8:  All  of  the  mines  on  the  South  Fork 
are  in  active  operation  although  considerable  snow 
has  fallen.  Those  who  had  their  mines  well  opened 
before  the  winter  snows  set  in  have  no  trouble  in 
working  their  claims.  The  claim  sold  by  Alex 
Parker  to  a  Chinese  company,  for  the  modest  httle 
sum  of  $50,000,  is  turning  out  several  thousand  dol- 
lars monthly,  and  is  considered  by  all  miners  here 
to  be  one  of  the  best  mining  properties  in  Northern 
California,  The  old  Fosch  claim  opposite  the  town 
of  French  Flat  is  also  owned  by  a  Chinese  company, 
and  the  receipts  of  th  s  claim  amount  to  $300  and 
$400  weekly,  in  fact  the  Chinese  own  the  South 
Fork  for  a  distance  of  four  miles,  with  the  exception 
of  a  few  hill  drifting  claims,  just  above  the  town, 
which  have  been  steadily  worked  for  a  number  of 
years.  Boulder  creek.  Fox  creek  and  Jackson  creek, 
tributaries  of  the  South  Fork,  are  owned  and  worked 
by  white  men.  •  The  snow  on   these  creeks  is  five 


i 


Jan.  11,  1890.J 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


%^ 


and  six  feet  in  depth  and  still  piling  up.  but  most  ail 
the  claims  are  drift  diggings  where  the  rich  aurifer- 
ous  dust  is  brought  to  the  surface  through  tunnels 
preparatory  for  spring  washings.  A  number  of  men 
are  wintering  here  Irora  the  North  Fork  o(  Coffee 
creek.  Trinity  county,  where  they  have  good  claims. 
to  which  they  will  return  as  soon  as  the  winter 
storms  are  over. 


NEVADA. 


Wasboe  oiecrict. 
Best  and  Beixhek.— Virginia  Enltrprise.  Jan. 
4:  On  the  625  level,  east  crosscut  .No.  1  has  been 
eitended  12  (eet;  total.  90  leet.  Formation,  soft 
porphyry.  On  the  1000  level,  east  crosscut  No.  i 
has  been  extended  14  (eel;  total.  70  feet.  Forma- 
tion, hard  porphyry.  On  the  1200  level,  com- 
menced repairing  the  station  on  December  29. 

Gould  and  Cuhkv.— On  the  200  level  the  south- 
west dnit  has  been  extended  18  feet;  total,  268  feet. 
Formation,  quartz,  clay  and  porphyry.  On  the  400 
level,  in  west  crosscut  No.  2.  at  a  point  12a  feet 
from  the  south  drift,  have  started  and  advanced  a 
southwest  drift  a  distance  of  30  feet.  Formation, 
quartz,  clay  and  porphyry. 

Savage.— On  the  300  level  have  resumed  work  in 
the  face  of  the  main  west  drift  (rom  the  station,  and 
inade  during  the  week  32  feet;  total  length,  475  feet. 
From  the  top  of  upraise  No.  i  from  the  southwest 
drift  on  the  400  level,  advanced  t6  feet  in  low-grade 
quartz,  and  connected  with  the  north  slope  in  the 
Hale  and  Norcross  mine.  This  connection  gives 
ample  ventilation  to  prospect  the  ground  south  (rom 
tfie  upraise.  Are  extracting  ore  fiom  the  400,  500, 
600  and  750  levels.  Milled  during  the  week  435  tons 
of  ore.  Have  bullion  on  hand  and  at  the  mill 
amounting  to  $29,978.48. 

Alta.  — Arc  still  sinking  the  winze  in  the  ledge 
below  the  925  level.  The  slopes  between  the  825 
and  925  levels  are  looking  well,  and  the  mill  reduces 
daily  about  45  tons  of  ore. 

Con.  IMPERIAI-.— West  crosscut  No.  2  from  the 
300  level  north  drift  is  out  71  feet,  29  feet  having 
been  added  during  the  week;  face  shows  quartz  with 
occasional  bunches  o(  ore.  The  north  raise  from 
the  same  level  is  being  repaired.  West  crosscut  No. 
I  from  the  500  level  drift  is  out  98  feet,  26  (eet  added 
during  the  week;  face  in  low-grade  quartz,  and  the 
main  north  drift  itself  on  the  500  level  is  out  253  feet 
from  the  shaft;  31  feet  added  during  the  week;  face 
in  a  mixture  of  quartz  and  porphyry. 

Confidence  and  Challenge.  —  The  Con- 
fidence-Challenge joint  west  crosscut  from  the  300 
level  north  drift  is  out  120  feet,  17  feet  having  been 
added  during  the  week;  face  shows  quartz  and  por- 
phyry. 

Yellow  Jacket.— The  west  drift  on  the  300 
level  is  out'90o  feet.  Crosscutting  on  the  900  level. 
Shipping  to  the  Biunswick  mill  60  tons  of  ore  daily. 
Seg.  Belcher.— During  the  week  the  west  cross- 
cut on  the  1000  level  was  advanced  29  feet;  total 
length,  79  feet;  (ace  in  porphyry  seamed  with  small 
stringers  of  quartz. 

Crown  Point.— Have  cleaned  out  during  the 
week  17  feel  of  the  old  160  level  west  crosscut;  total 
length  cleaned,  90  feel.  Resumed  work  during  the 
week  in  the  east  crosscut  and  advanced  it  22  feet; 
total  length  of  crosscut  to  date,  150  feet;  face  in 
quariz  and  porphyry.  The  slopes  in  the  mine  show 
no  change  since  last  report.  Milled  456  tons  of  ore 
during  the  week,  the  average  value  of  which  was 
$15.46  per  ton. 

Belcher.— The  east  crosscut  on  the  850  level 
was  advanced  during  the  week  15  feet;  total  length, 
44  feet;  face  in  quariz  and  porphyry.  The  east 
crosscut  south  of  sha't  on  the  200  level  has  been  ad- 
vanced 17  feel;  total  lengih,  45  feet;  face  in  low- 
grade  quartz,  assaying  from  $5  to  $10  per  ton.  The 
south  drift  on  the  200  level  is  out  133  feet,  having 
made  21  feet  during  the  week;  face  in  clay  and 
porphyry.  During  the  week  a  shaft  sution  15x8x7 Ji 
was  excavated  and  timbered  on  the  600  level,  and  a 
dri(t  started  south  (rom  it. 

Justice.— The  822  level  north  drift  has  been  ad- 
vanced 6  (eet  during  the  week ;  total  length,  127  feet. 
The  622  level  north  drilt  has  been  advanced  37  feet; 
total  length,  541  feel;  face  in  low-grade  quartz  and 
porphyry.  Have  started  an  upraise  from  the  south- 
west drift  on  the  490  level,  with  fair  prospects  of 
linding  ore;  the  upraise  is  now  up  15  feet  from  the 
track  floor.  The  slopes  are  looking  well  and  are 
yielding  the  usual  quantity  of  ore.  Shipped  to  the 
mUl  during  the  week  227  tons  of  ore,  the  average 
value  of  which  was  $23.87  per  ton, 

Chollak.— The  north  drift  on  the  750  level  is 
out  760  feet;  face  in  clay  and  quartz  giving  low  as- 
says. The  north  drift  on  the  930  level  is  out  309 
feet;  face  in  hard  porphyry. 

PoTOSL— East  crosscut  No.  3,  520  feet  south  of 
north  Hne,  650  level,  is  out  80  feet;  face  in  quariz 
and  porphyry.  The  east  crosscut  560  feet  south  o( 
shaft,  930  level,  is  out  190  feet;  face  in  clay  and 
quariz. 

Exchequer.— The  500  level  east  crosscut  on  the 
north  line  is  out  58  feet;  face  in  quartz  and  por- 
phyry. 

Alpha. — The  500  level  west  crosscut  100  feet 
north  of  shaft  is  out  383  feet ;  face  in  clay  and  quartz. 
Are  cutting  out  for  a  winze  station  and  sunk  on  ore 
foutid  in  the  east  crosscut  60  feet  north  of  shaft. 
The  north  drift  on  the  600  level  is  out  75  feet;  face 
in  quartz,  giving  low  assays. 

CON.  New  York.— The  only  work  done  in  the 
mine  the  past  week  has  been  repairs  in  the  north 
drift  on  the  800  level. 

Silver  Hill.— The  260  level  east  crosscut,  790 
feet  from  shaft,  advanced  15  feel  through  hard  por- 
phyry; distance  from  shaft,  890  feet.  The  northeast 
crosscut,  430  feel  from  shaft,  advanced  ij  feet 
through  porphyry  and  clay,  with  small  seams  of 
quartz;  distance  from  shaft,  495  feet. 

East  Sierra  Nevada.— On  the  520  level  the 
east  crosscut  from  the  south  drift  was  advanced  42 
feet,  making  its  total  lengih  298  feet;  face  continues 
m  porphyry,  showing  streaks  of  quariz  and  clay 
with  some  water. 

HALE&  Norcross.— On  the  300  level  the  east 
crosscut  is  advanced  230  feel;  face  in  clay,  porphyry 
and  seams  of  quartz.  The  north  upraise  from  the 
1300  level  is  advanced  75  (eet  and  continues  in  low- 
grade  ore.  The  north  drift  slated  from  the  lop  of 
that  upraise  on  the  1300  level  was  advanced  18  feet 
and  connected  with  a  south  drift  from  the  1200  level 
ore  slope.  This  connection  greatly  improves  the 
ventilation  of  this  part  of  the  mine.     Are  still  re- 


level.     Are  extracting  ore  from  the  400,    coo,  600 
700  and  1200  levels,  and  from  the   1300  level  up^ 


During  the  week  have  milled  it 20  tons  o( 
ore,  the  average  battery  assay  of  which  was  $19  80 
per  ton.  Have  bullion  on  hand  and  at  the  mill 
amounting  to  $64,757.86. 

Ward  Co.mbination  SHAtT.-East  drift  on  the 
1800  station  is  out  132  feet;  face  in  porphyry 

Julia  Con.— The  northwest  drift  from  the  i8oo 
Ward  station  IS  out  ISO  feet;  face  in  clay  and  por- 
phyry.  ^ 

ANDE.S.— Work  has  been  resumed  in  this  mine. 

Cherry  Creek  District. 
Merri.mac— While   Pine  .\nm.  Jan.    i-    The 
Mernmac  Co.  of  Cherry  creek  seems  to  be'  in  no  end 
of  hnancial    trouble.     Its    creditors  at  home    and 
abroad  are  clamoring  for  their  dues.     .\  Mr  Nelson 
went  through  here  a  few  days  ago  and  took   Deputy 
Sheriff  Simpson  with  him  to  attach  the   company's 
properly  at  Cherry  creek.     We  learn  that  the   claim 
IS  about  $6000,  held  by  San  Francisco  parlies. 
Eureka  DIstrlot. 
Ore  and  Bullion  Shipments.— Kureka  Stnli- 
ml,  Jan.  4:     During  the  month  of  December.  1880 
there  were  shipped  over  the  Eureka  &  Palisade  rail- 
road the  following  products  (rom  the  mines  and  fur- 
naces of  this  district:    Sixty  tons  of  Richmond  lead, 
180  tons  of  crude  bullion,  534  tons  o(  ore  and  13 
tons  o(  scrap  iron   destined  (or  Salt   Lake  and  San 
Francisco.     The  ore  shipments  were  small,  as  none 
has  been  hauled  from  the  mines  for  two  weeks  past. 
Jefferson  District. 
At  Work.  — Belmont  Courier.  Jan.  i:     Work  on 
the  various  mining  claims  in  Jefferson  district  is 
prosecu'ed  as  usual.     The  Harrison  Bros,  are  still 
encountering  rich  ore  in  their  mine. 

Pblladelpbia  DIstrlot. 
Widening.— Belmont  Courier,  Jan.  i:  The  pay 
streak  in  the  Laily  mine  in  East  Belmont  is  widen- 
ing as  the  work  of  sinking  progresses.  This  is  prov- 
ing one  of  the  best  properties  in  the  district. 
Ploche  DIstrlot. 
Ravmond  %nM~i.- Record,  Jan.  r:  The  main 
work  going  on  at  the  Raymond  shaft  of  the  Pioche 
Con.  Co.'s  mines  of  late,  viz.:  that  of  opening  up 
the  Black  Ledge  winze,  west  of  the  shaft  on  the  12th 
level,  was  brought  to  a  rather  sudden  stop  Wednes- 
day about  noon,  the  immediate  cause  being  a  settling 
of  the  hill  back  of  the  hoisting  works  and  directly 
behind  the  air-compressor,  which  forced  the  wall  of 
the  building  against  the  fly-wheel  of  the  machine 
and  made  a  stop  necessary  to  avoid  serious  damage. 
The  winze  at  the  time  was  clear  for  a  depth  of  187 
feet.  Sufficient  warning  was  given  to  allow  the 
pumps  and  air-pipe  connections  to  be  removed  from 
the  winze.  Ordinarily  an  accident  of  this  character 
would  necessitate  a  stoppage  of  work  for  less  than 
24  hours,  but  occurring  at  this  particular  time  it  is 
not  likely  that  work  will  be  resumed  for  several 
weeks  on  account  of  the  difficulty  experienced  in 
gelling  in  wood.  Thirty  cords  a  day  are  needed,  and 
in  such  weather  as  we  have  had  for  several  weeks 
past  it  is  practically  impossible  to  get  in  anv  at  all 
The  reserve  wood  has  been  consumed  during  the 
bad  weather  until  on  stopping  work  on  Wednesday  a 
supply  for  eight  days  only  remained  on  hand.  Dur- 
ing the  24  hours  preceding  the  accident  seven  feel 
was  gained  on  the  water,  and  this  rate  continued 
for  a  few  days  would  have  enabled  the  workmen  to 
recover  the  pump  submerged  years  ago  on  the  I4lh 
station. 

TuBcarora  Olstrlcc. 
Nevada  Qv^^n.—  Tlmes-Rtuiew,  Jan,  6:    Joint 
crosscut  from  600-foot  level  of  North  Belle  Isle  has 
been  advanced  34  feel,  cutting  seams  of  spar  and 
must  be  very  close  to  the  vein. 

Belle  Isle.— West  crosscut  from  the  south  drift 
250-foot  level,  extended  14  feet;  rock  hard,  showine 
faces  of  ore. 

Navajo.— A  cleanup  is  being  made  at  the  mill 
preparatory  to  closing  down. 

North  Commonwealth.— 3d  level:  Joint  cross- 
cut  has  been  extended  11  feet,  showing  low-grade 
ore.  East  crosscut,  from  south  drift,  has  been  ad- 
vanced 14  feet,  all  in  vein  formation  showing  some 
mineral. 
Grand  Prize, 


ready   for   work    next    spring.     The  ore  looks  well 
and   everything  is  encouraging.     At  the  Rock  creek 
camp  both  hydrauhc    and  quariz  machinerv  have 
been  taken  in  and  considerable  work  has  been  done 
.^1  the  Okanagan,  much  prospecting  has  been  done 
and  one  claim  has  been  bonded  to  an  American 
company  for  $55,000.     Greal  expectations  are  held 
out  lor  next  season.    On  Shuswap  lake  several  good 
locations  have  been   made,  from  which   samples  of 
ore  have  been  taken  assaying  very  high.     Owing  to 
lack  pf  capital  the  claims  are  not  thoroughly  de- 
veloped.    The    Allingham    claim    on    the    North 
I  hompson  has  been  further  developed   this  season 
a  shaft  being  sunk  45  feel.     The  prospects  are  good 
lor  a  paying  mine.     Other  claims  have  been  located 
in  the  vicinity  o(   Mr.   Allingham's.     At    lamieson 
creek  two  locations  have  been   made  by',\Iunn& 
Co. ,  from  the  Toad  mountain   district.     The  pros- 
pects are  very  favorable  and    the   claims  will  be  fur- 
ther developed  in  the  spring.     One   man  is  working 
in  the  claim  during  the  winter.     Some  development 
work  has  been  done  this  season  on    the  coal   s-ams 
near  Kamloops.     Not  sufficient  has   been    accom- 
plished,  however,    to  say  whether  the  find  will  pay 
to  work.     Nothing  has  been  done  on  the  coal  find 
on   the   North  Thompson.     On  Siwash  creek,  near 
Vernon,   considerable  excitement    was    occasioned 
during  the  summer    on  account  of  the    diggings 
found  there.    About  150  claims  were  recorded,  and 
the  creek  was  fairly  well  worked  with  varying  results. 
There  are  three  or  (our  claims  working  all  winter 
Some  of  the  claims  paid  $3  a  day  per  roan,  but  this 
was  exceptional,  and  it  is  said  the  camp  did  not  pan 
out  as  well  as  was  anticipated. 

COLORADO. 


Smaller  Camps.— Kamloops  Senllnel,  Jan.  2: 
There  are  several  mining  camps  throughout  the  in- 
tenor  which  are  not  sufficiently  developed  to  require 
an  extended  notice.  At  Cherry  creek  the  Hidden 
Treasure  Co.  have  accomplished  nothing  during  the 

timbering  the  main'  incline  at  and  below-.h-e^oo  |  S  d''ev:io^,Ser:or1t"1lo'?e'°and  t' quaJu  mm 
level   statton;    also  the  main  shaft  above  the  1200  '  has  been  taken  in  this  season  and  p"epara?ions  made 


Face  of  north  crosscut  on  the 
500-foot  level  advanced  15  feet  through  more  favor- 
able  ground. 

North  Belle  Isle.— Owing  to  the  unprece- 
dented weather,  concentration  has  been  temporarily 
suspended. 

Del  Monte.— No.  2  west  crosscut,  00  ist  level 
has  been  advanced  8  feel;  work  has  been  suspended 
at  this  point  for  the  present,  the  miners  having  been 
put  to  work  driving  a  drift  north  from  joint 
crosscut;  this  drift  is  showing  good  ore  Joint 
crosscut  east  on  2d  level  has  been  advanced  12  feef 
the  rock  is  hard,  but  breaks  well.  On  the  3d  level 
joint  crosscut  continues  to  show  low  grade. 

ARIZONA. 

Yavapai.— Arizona /(7i;r«a^A/!«c/-,  Jan.  i:  Par- 
ties are  examining  the  Alligator  mine  in  Crook  can- 
yon, with  a  view  of  purchasing.  It  is  one  of  the 
best  gold  properties  in  Yavapai  county.  Ten  bars 
of  gold  bullion  from  the  Crowned  King  mine  were 
shipped  out  by  express  yesterday.  Street  rumor  has 
It  that  Phelps,  Dodge  &  Co.  have  ordered  a  mill  to 
arrive  soon,  to  work  the  ore  from  the  Senator  mine 
A  deed  has  been  filed  for  record  from  Dan  O' Boyle 
and  O.  S.  Morse  to  Wm.  Smith,  Jr.,  for  six  mines 
in  Quartz  mountain  district.  One-half  interest  in 
the  Shannon  mine.  Humbug  district,  has  been  sold 
to  Peter  Arnold  for  $500.  John  Proutt  has  re- 
turned to  Prescott,  and  will  lake  charge  as  foreman 
of  the  Senator.  The  marble  quarry  near  Mayer 
owned  by  Geo.  B.  McCann  and  Joseph  Mayer,  has 
attracted  considerable  attention,  and  the  prospects 
are  good  now  for  getting  machinery  to  cut  and  pol- 
ish the  marble.  Seven  mills  are  engaged  in  crush- 
ing ore  now  in  this  county,  and  two  smelters  are 
also  in  full  blast,  with  a  prospect  for  the  number  be- 
ing  increased  in  the  spring, 

BRITISH  OOLDMBIA. 


Important  Development.— Aspen  Times,  Jan. 
2:  Reports  that  come  from  the  Mineral  Farm  are 
to  the  effect  that  the  recently-discovered  ore  body 
continues  to  improve  in  appearance,  and  the  man- 
agement now  feel  convinced  that  they  have  a  pay 
mine.  It  is  not  our  purpose  to  discuss  here  the  char, 
acler  ol  the  developments,  but  simply  to  point  out 
the  important  bearing  that  the  opening  of  a  bonanza 
mine  at  that  point  will  have  upon  the  (ulure  prosper- 
ity o(  Aspen.  The  discovery,  if  it  proves  to  be  a 
really  good  one,  will  be  important  for  two  reasons. 
The  mine  is  at  a  point  much  farther  north  on  the 
belt  than  any  other  pay  mine  and  the  discovery  will 
prove  the  value  of  several  thousand  feet  of  the  lode. 
While  this  will  be  a  source  of  congratulation,  there 
is  another  feature  that  will  be  of  even  more  value  to 
the  district.  The  developments  in  the  Mineral  Farm 
have  been  upon  an  extended  and  expensive  scale.  It 
has  not  been  one  of  those  properties  in  which  rich 
results  have  been  attained  with  comparatively  little 
exploration.  Large  sums  of  money  have  been  ex- 
pended and  repeated  disappointments  have  been 
met  with,  but  the  gentlemen  who  have  been  pushing 
the  enterprise  have  never  hesitated,  and  at  last  suc- 
cess appears  to  have  been  attained.  We  have  al- 
ways held  that  there  was  no  section  of  1500  feet  of 
this  contact  that  would  not  prove  up  rich  if  thor- 
oughly prospected.  Their  success  is  a  great  card 
for  Aspen,  and  the  Mineral  Farm  can  be  pointed  to 
as  a  signal  illustration  of  the  proof  of  the  claim  that 
it  will  pay  to  develop  any  property  on  the  belt  no 
matter  what  expense  may  be  required  to  prove  it  up. 
It  proves  that  this  camp  is  not  one  of  those  where 
there  is  one  small  section  rich,  with  miles  of  barren 
extension.  It  proves  that  the  rich  ore  chutes  lie 
along  the  lode  at  pretty  regular  intervals  and  that 
future  exploration  will  continue  to  disclose  their 
treasures  until  the  developed  series  shall  extend  all 
the  way  to  some  point  near  Ashcroft  on  the  south 
and  perhaps  to  the  boundary  of  the  county  on  the 
Morth. 

Mineral  Output.— Idaho  Springs  News,  Jan. 
2:  The  value  of  Colorado's  mineral  output  for  the 
year  1889  is  estimated  at  $30,000,000,  During 
the  month  of  December  there  were  shipped  from  the 
station  at  this  place  131  cars  containing  3,684,000 
pounds  of  ore,  an  excess  of  979.450  pounds  over  the 
shipments  for  November.  During  the  year  1889 
Clear  creek  county  shipped  to  the  Omaha  and  Grant 
smelter  13,661  tons  of  ore  carrying  3,732,178  pounds 
of  lead,  1,092,203  ounces  of  silver,  12.436.73  ounces 
of  gold  valued  at  $1,414,63876.  The  ore  shipped 
from  this  county  to  the  above  smelter  had  more  value 
than  that  shipped  by  any  other  county  in  the  State. 
The  Champion  mine  during  nine  months  ending 
Dec,  3r,  1889,  produced  smelting  ore  and  concen- 
trates to  the  value  of  $73,784,28,  The  ore  is  low 
grade,  and  it  required  a  large  quantity  carefully  and 
skillfully  treated,  to  produce  the  above  amount. 

Crested  Butte.— Elk  Mountain  Pilot,  Jan.  2: 
We  have  been  in  the  habit  at  the  end  of  every  year 
of  publishing  a  detailed  statement  of  the  mineral  out- 
put for  the  year,  but  the  output  is  so  painfully  small 
the  past  year  from  the  silver  mines  that  we  have  very 
little  to  state.  This  state  of  affairs  is  no  fault  of  the 
mines — no  mines  have  played  out,  because  they  have 
not  been  worked  to  get  played  out.  Such  mines  as 
the  Sylvanite,  Augusta,  Daisy  and  the  Ruby  Chief 
group,  which  have  always  been  depended  upon  to 
make  an  output,  failed  to  ship  anything  at  all. 
There  was  only  about  300  tons  shipped,  the  most  of 
which  comes  from  the  Forest  Queen  and  the  Black 
Queen  mines.  We  are  promised  better  things  for 
the  coming  year. 


and  conUnuous  run  some  lime  dming  the  present 
mon  h.  Ore  from  the  company's  re«nt  puSe 
the  Calumet,  will  be  put  through.  This  purchaS 
Ther'"V.?'"»r'"^  "-eto  Iro^Hillsticfhode^. 
The  ore  IS  full  of  pyrites,  a  valuable  factor  in  the 
process  by  which  it  is  to  be  treated,  A  portion  of 
I^arteTu'^'"  ^°  '°  ">e  Galena  smeller  whenk  is 
DlanrbloTsin'"""^'™'  "'""'^  ^^'^   "•<= '-°  «■" 

IDAHO. 

Yreka  District. -Wardner  Ncu.s,  Ian.  i- 
Among  other  promising  claims  in  this  district  which 
have  been  patented  during  the  year  are  the  Idaho  h 
bilver  Casket  lodes,  the  first  westerly  extensions  of  ihe 
Sierra  Nevada  Over  $1000  have  been  expended  in 
development  of  these  claims  this  year,  and  in  the 
near  (mure  they  wiU,  be  thoroughly  and  systemati- 
cally developed.  These  prospective  bonanzas  ai^e 
owned  by  R.  E.  Brown,  J.  G.  Gable  and  C.  F. 
rurbush, 

LOWER    CALIFORNIA. 

Among  the  MiLLS.-Alanio  Nui;gH,  Dec.  28: 
Col.S.fJ.  Lucas  returned  a  tew  days  ago  in  com- 
pany with  Messrs.  L.  P.  Uoldstone  and  W.  S  Bell 
of  San  Francisco.  The  colonel  is  an  indefatigable 
worker,  and  we  are  glad  to  learn  that  he  is  succeed- 
ing in  putting  the  affiirs  of  his  company  in  such 
shape  as  to  enable  them  to  begin  active  operations 
at  their  stamp-mill  in  Mexican  Gulch.  The  com 
pany  has  been  reorganized  under  the  name  of  the 
Liberty  Mining  and  Milling  Co.  Messrs.  Gold- 
stone  and  Bell  are  well  pleased  with  Alamo.  The 
Huntington  mill,  belonging  to  the  International 
Co.,  IS  at  a  standstill,  but  we  believe  it  will  start  up 
again  soon.  The  new  amalgamator,  Mr.  Dobler  of 
San  Francisco,  will  arrive  here  soon,  at  which  time 
the  El  Paso  mill  will  resume  operations.  The  Alamo 
mill  IS  grinding  away  again  at  a  good  rate  on  custom 
rock.  We  congratulate  Mr.  Lane  on  bis  vigorous 
policy.  This  mill  is  now  and  has  been  a  favorite 
with  the  camp.  Since  the  new  Gates  rock-breaker 
has  been  added  and  the  new  pump  and  bed  plates 
are  in  place,  it  is  thought  that  even  better  results 
may  be  expected  than  the  record  of  the  mill  has  al- 
ready shown.  The  Torres  mill  under  efficient 
present  management  is  doing  good  work  and  run- 
ning quite  steadily.  Mr.  Moore  recently  bought  a 
large  amount  of  ore  from  the  Asbestos  mine,  which 
will  produce  an  excellent  cleanup, 

MONTANA. 

Struck  it  Rich.— Three  assays  made  by  I.  C. 
Pyle,  the  Granite  assayer,  for  John  Whiting,  of  sam- 
ples from  bis  recent  strike  in  the  Montana,  Red  Lion 
district,  run  as  follows:  No,  i,  112.40  ounces  sil- 
ver and  $2524  gold;  No.  2,  H0.6  ounces  silver  and 
$968  gold;  No,  3,  II. 5  ounces  silver  and  $112  gold 
Mr.  Whiting  now  thinks  himself  a  millionaire,  and 
if  the  above  result  continues  even  one-tenth  as  good 
he  will  have  millions.  Mr.  Whiting  refused  a  bond 
on  Ihe  property  (or  $20,000  the  other  day. 

DuNKLEBERG  DISTRICT.— Mining  in  the  Dunkle- 
berg  district  is  keeping  apace  with  other  mineral 
sections  in  the  State  and  at  present  is  experiencing 
quite  a  boom.  The  Forest  Rose,  which  is  at  present 
the  most  valuable  mine  in  the  district,  is  looking 
well.  They  are  now  shipping  one  carioad  of  ore 
each  day  and  have  about  40  carioads  on  the  dump 
ready  for  shipment  with  plenty  more  in  sight  in  the 
mine.  The  Rose  is  likely  to  be  one  of  the  richest 
mines  in  Deer  Lodge  county.  There  is  some  talk 
of  the  Hatta  starting  up  again,  but  it  is  doubtful  if 
this  will  be  done  before  spring  opens  up.  Numer- 
ous prospects  are  being  worked  and  all  are  looking 
extremely  well.  It  is  expecled  that  with  the  open- 
ing of  spring  there  will  be  quite  a  stir  in  the  district. 

0TAH. 


DAKOTA. 

SEMI-MONTHLY  CLEANUP.— Deadwood  Pioneer, 
Jan.  3:  Bullion  from  the  Caledonia,  Homeslake 
and  associated  mines,  representing  cleanup  for  the 
last  half  of  December,  was  brought  down  yesterday 
and  deposited  in  Wells-Fargo's  express  office.  It 
amounts  to  about  $170,000  and  goes  East  to-day. 

No  Jumping  Yet. — No  cases  of  mine  jumping 
have  yet  been  reported,  but  this  does  not  necessarily 
argue  that  no  mines  have  been  jumped.  Though 
assessment  work  was  much  more  general  last  than 
for  several  years  before,  it  is  certain  that  a  large 
number  of  claims  were  neglected  and  it  is  also  quite 
probable  that  a  goodly  portion  of  these  will  be  re- 
located. 

Black  Hills  Bullion. — The  production  of  the 
Deadwood  Terra  Mining  Co.  for  the  first  half  of 
December  was  $22,176  from  8846  tons  of  ore.  The 
production  of  the  Homestake  Mining  Co.  for  the 
first  half  of  December  was  I34.667  from  10,240  tons 
of  ore.  The  company's  credit  balance  increased 
from  $35,603  on  Oct.   1st  to  $50,396  on  Nov.  1st. 

Iron  Hill. — The  Iron  Hill  Co.  has  commenced 
shipping  matte  accumulated  from  recent  runs  by  the 
smelter.     The  plant  will  blow  in  again  for  another 


Camp  Crosscuts.— Park  Record,  Jan.  4:    The 
Crescent  will  inaugurate  shipments  of  firsl-class  ore 
by  means  of  sleds  in  a  little  while.     Shipments  of 
ore  have  been  rather  light  again  this  week  on  ac- 
count of  the  drifting  snowstorms.      Since  the  heavy 
snowstorm  several  miners  have  come  down  from 
the  mountains  and  are  engaged  in  working  their 
Treasure  hill  and  other  properties  near  town.     The 
road  to  the  Anchor  has  been  about  as  effectually 
blockaded  as  it  is  possible  to  be,  and  this  has  caused 
a  delay  in  starting  up   the  shaft-boring  machinery, 
but  it  is  believed  that  a  good  start  will  be  made  to- 
day.    The  shaft  on  the  Silver  King  property,  just 
above  the  Mayflower  No,  7,  is  down  about   100  (eet 
and  the  calculation  is  to  go  down  another  100  feet 
before  drifting.     The  indications  for  ore  are  very 
favorable  and  it  is  possible  that  the  shaft  will  open 
into  ore  at  any  time.     Work  continues  at  the  Creole 
No.  2,  though  not  on  as  large  a  scale  since  the  leas- 
ers were  notified  by  a  representative  of  the  Townsite 
Company  that  he  claimed  the  ore  for  trespass  and 
damages.     More  ore  is  being  sacked  up  and  it  is 
still  believed  that  the  troubled  will  be  amicably  set- 
tled.    The  Nevada-Northland  leasers  have  secured 
the  services  of  Jas.  T.  Kescel  as  night  foreman,  and 
they  are  taking  out  ore  with  as  much  speed  as  pos- 
sible and  at  the  same  time  are  opening  new  ground 
on  the  vein.     The  Nevada-Northland   ore  is  very 
high-grade    smelting    and    shipments    to  market 
will  be  gradually  increased.     Developments  at  the 
Woodside  are  of  a  very  satisfactory  nature  and  more 
ore  is  being  taken  out  of  the  tunnel  workings.     The 
new  strike  is  a  big  one.    In  running  the  south  drift 
from  the  200-foot  level  of  the  shaft  a  nice  vein  was 
struck  a  few  days  ago,  and  it  is  believed  that  it  will 
open  out  into  a  big  body  of  ore.    Another  impor- 
tant strike  has  been   made  in  the  Comstock  mine. 
Only  a  few  days  ago  the  south  crosscut,  commenc- 
ing from  a  point  750  feet  in   the  tunnel,    revealed  a 
fine  seam  of  ore  which  assays  well  in  silver  and  lead. 
The  crosscut  is  in  about  40  feet  and  will  be  contin- 
ued.    Work  will  be  kept  up  at  the  Comstock  all 
winter  and  by  spring  everything  will  be  in  readiness 
to  put  up  the  big  hoisting  works  and  sink  the  shaft 
to  a  depth  of  600  feet  on  the  vein. 

Ore  and  Bullion  Shipments. — The  Ontario 
bullion  shipment  for  the  week  was  38  bars,  contain- 
ing 23.051.25  fine  ounces  of  silver.  During  the 
week  the  Mackintosh  sampler  received  and  for- 
warded 520,060  pounds  of  Ontario  ore;  278,750  of 
Mayflower  No.  7  leasers';  89.150  of  Woodside,  in- 
cluding 24,830  of  dump  sortings,  and  52,100  of 
Nevada-Northland  leasers'  ore;  total,  940,060 
pounds. 


24 


MmiNG  AND  Scientific  Press. 


[Jan.  11,  1890 


'II^ECHAjMieAL  Progress, 

Failure  of  Copper  Steam  Pipes. 

Qaite  a  diBcussion  ia  going  on  in  England 
over  the  frequent  failures  of  copper  steam 
pipes.  The  failure  seems  nsually  to  take  place 
at  the  seam  where  the  pipe  is  brazed  together, 
and  quite  naturally,  since  the  pipe  at  this 
point  18  thinner  than  elsewhere  and  is  composed 
of  brass  instead  of  copper,  a  metal  of  much  lees 
tensile  strength.  The  trouble  is  that  the  most 
careful  workmanship  is  needed  to  insure  a  good 
joint,  and  as  surely  as  the  brazing  is  imperfect- 
ly done,  trouble  will  ensue. 

The  Engineer  also  propounds  the  hypothesis 
that  a  steam  pipe  is  often  subjected  to  much 
vibration  and  bending  stress,  which  the  brass 
at  the  joint  will  not  endure,  even  when  the 
brazing  is  thoroughly  well  done.  In  this  way 
is  explained  the  fact  that  pipes  which  have 
borne  300  pounds  pressure  under  test  have 
afterward  burst  open  when  working  under  half 
that  pressure.  Various  remedies  are  proposed 
and  tried  for  the  trouble.  In  the  Hamburg- 
American  steamer  Columbia  the  builders  have 
wound  the  steam  pipes  with  wire.  iSteel  hoop- 
ing and  the  use  of  seamless  drawn  copper  tubes 
have  been  suggested,  but  for  the  large  pipes  the 
elbows  must  still  be  made  of  sheet  metal. 

The  real  remedy  is  very  tentatively  suggested 
by  the  Engineer,  which  says,  mildly  :  '*It  may 
yet  be  founJ  practicable  to  produce  steel  tabes 
deserving  confidence."  To  an  observer  on  this 
side  the  water  it  would  seem  that  very  ordi- 
nary steel  pipe,  auoh  as  may  be  bought  for  a 
fraction  of  the  price  of  copper  pipe,  is  deserv- 
ing of  a  great  deal  more  confidence  than  a  pipe 
with  a  longitudinal  seam  whose  strength  ia  de- 
pendent on  the  Buocess  of  the  delicate  metal- 
lurgical operation  of  brazing. 

It  may  indeed  be  that  it  is  not  possible  to 
use  steel  steam  pipes  in  marine  practice,  but 
our  cousins  over  the  water  were  once  sure  that 
nothing  but  a  copper  fire-box  would  do  for  a 
locomotive  until  we,  through  our  necessity, 
found  out  better.  We  are  not  inclined  now, 
therefore,  to  take  their  assertion  that  it  is 
necesaary  to  make  steam  pipes  of  copper  as  set- 
tling the  question. 

Oar  contemporary,  the  Engineer,  indeed 
says:  *' It  is  urged  that  steel  tubes  are  liable 
to  corrosion,  and  that  scale  is  blown  from  them 
into  the  engines  with  bad  results;  also  that  they 
are  not  sufficiently  flexible.  Saeing  that  there 
are  hundreds  of  miles  of  iron  pipes  in  use  on 
land,  these  objections  are  more  imaginary  than 
real;  but  perhaps  the  best  pipe  of  all  would  be 
galvanized  steel." 

From  the  theoretical  point  of  view,  it  would 
certainly  seem  that  steel  rather  than  copper  ia 
the  proper  metal  for  steam  pipea.  The  boiler 
itself,  which  is  subjected  to  the  corroaion  of  the 
hot  salt  water,  is  made  of  steel;  and  since  the 
steam  pipe  is  aubjected  ordinarily  only  to  the 
action  of  water  condensed  from  the  steam  and 
practically  free  from  saline  matter,  there  seems 
little  need  of  protecting  the  pipe  from  corroaion. 
Id  case  the  formation  of  scsle  proves  an  objec- 
tion, it  would  seem  an  easy  matter  to  prevent 
its  reachicg  the  cylinders  by  placing  a  separator 
next  the  engioe. 

We  are  not  informed  what  practice  American 
builders  of  marine  engines  are  now  following, 
but  for  our  new  naval  veaaela,  at  least,  in  whose 
success  all  are  interested,  it  would  certainly 
be  best  to  refrain  from  following  ancient 
practice  in  this  matter,  at  least  until  careful 
teats  have  proved  that  mild  steel  is  not  a 
proper  material  for  steam  pipes.' — Engineering 
News. 

A  Probable  Faiaiiie  in  Eaglish  Hema- 
tite Iron  Ore. 

The  Boglish  correspondent  of  the  American 
Manufacturer  has  for  some  time  been  asserting 
that  there  was  a  great  possibility  that  a  short 
supply  of  hematite  iron  ore  would  soon  be  en- 
countered by  English  iron-masters.  These 
progQcistlcations  are  now  fully  considered  as 
more  than  a  matter  of  "probability."  The 
Manufacturer  says  :  The  consumption  of 
hemacite  ores  by  the  furnaces  on  the  west  coast 
of  England  in  the  past  few  months  haa  been  on 
a  scale  much  in  excess  of  the  production,  and 
had  it  not  been  for  the  large  stocks  of  ores  that 
were  held  at  various  miuea  the  production  of 
pig  iron  would  have  been  very  much  restricted, 
aud  both  ores  and  pig  iron  reached  a  price  that 
they  have  not  yet  attained.  By  the  end  of  the 
year,  however  (which  has  now  been  reached), 
these  surplus  stocks  will  have  been  exhausted, 
and  the  makers  of  hematite  iron  on  the  west 
coast  will  have  to  depend,  so  far  as  relates  to 
Eaglish  ore,  upon  the  output  of  the  mines, 
which  is  insufficient  to  keep  up  the  present  rate 
of  production. 

In  view  of  these  facts  vigorous  efforts  are  be- 
ing made  to  discover  new  deposits  of  ore.  The 
west  coast  hematite  ore  region  is  being  searched 
by  owners  of  royalties  with  an  energy  that  they 
have  not  displayed  for  many  years  ;  an  energy 
that  is  being  stimulated  by  the  fact  that  these 
ores  are  worth  from  $4  25  to  $4,50  net  at  the 
mines,  and  it  is  no  wonder  that  prospecting  is 
being  pushed  when  such  tempting  prices  are 
ruling.  The  average  value  of  these  ores  in 
1887  was  but  $2.30  and  in  1S86  $2,64. 

Tbe  makers  of  hematite  iron  in  Eagland  are 
not  only  searching  their  own  country  for  in« 
creased  supplies  but  are  looking  to  foreign 
sources,  in  addition  to  the  large  amounts  uen- 
ally  bionght  from  Bilbao  and  elsewhere.    Some 


cargoes  of  ore  from  Carthagena  have  already 
been  sent  from  the  west  coast  and  others  are  to 
follow. 

Such  a  falling  off  of  this  most  indispensable 
character  of  ore,  in  connection  with  the  con- 
stantly increasing  demand  for  the  same,  will  no 
doubt  soon  result  either  in  an  active  demand 
in  England  for  American  hematite  ores,  of 
which  we  have  an  abundance,  or  a  call  for 
American  high-class  iron  in  Europe, 

Horse  Nails  by  the  Bushel. — We  "have 
already  made  notice  of  the  invention  of  a  ma- 
chine for  the  manufacture  of  horse-nails.  We 
give  below  from  the  Toronto,  Canada,  Journal 
an  account  of  the  working  of  snch  a  machine 
in  London  :  Some  practical  exhibitions  of  a 
novelty  in  the  way  of  horae-nail-making  ma- 
chinery have  recently  been  given  in  L'jndon, 
Eag.  It  is  the  invention  of  Mr.  G.  P.  Capewell, 
and  is  an  ingenious  mechanical  appliance  for 
greatly  increasing  the  rate  of  production.  The 
entire  process  is  automatic.  A  coil  of  wire  is 
at  the  top,  and  one  end  being  inserted  the  ma- 
chine is  set  in  motion,  and  in  a  very  few  sec- 
onds a  constant  stream  of  finished  nails  comes 
dropping  out  at  the  bottom.  The  following  de- 
tails of  the  work  are,  as  stated,  all  carried  out 
automatically:  A  short  piece  of  wire  is  out  off 
aud  by  a  series  of  dies  is  drawn  out  to  the  re- 
quired length;  it  is  then  beveled,  pointed  and 
headed.  Eich  piece  passes  through  a  dozen 
operations  consecutively,  without  the  interven- 
tion of  hand  labor  at  any  one  of  them.  The 
machine  is  completely  under  control,  and  there 
is  an  arrangement  by  which  it  stops  automati- 
cally if  a  nail  fails  to  pass  through  any  one  of 
the  operations.  It  is  said  that  each  machine 
will  produce  over  600  pounds  of  average-sized 
nails  per  day  of  ten  hours.  The  nails  produced 
were  subjected  to  hydraulic  tests,  and  the 
results  are  greatly  in  favor  of  the  Capewell 
machine  for  producing  strong  nails  of  most  per- 
fect shape.  There  appears  to  be  very  little  waste 
material,  and  we  are  told  that  this  does  not 
amount  to  10  per  cent.  It  is  proposed  to  form 
a  company  to  produae  and  work  this  machine 
in  Great  Britain, 


A  Land-Clearing  Machine  — A  Santa  Rosa 
inventor  has  devised  a  machine  for  clearing  laud 
that  is  attracting  attention.  Concerning  a  re- 
cent trial  on  Gay  Grosse's  place  in  Kincon  val- 
ley, the  Democrat  says  :  With  ita  use  stumps 
and  trees  which  it  would  take  an  experienced 
and  stalwart  wood-chopper  half  a  day  to  re- 
move from  the  soil,  are  dragged  out  by  the 
roots,  scarcely  the  smallest  fibrous  vestige  be- 
ing left  in  the  ground,  in  two  and  three  min- 
utes, and  apparently  without  the  expenditure 
of  great  force.  The  ease  with  which  these 
stubborn  impediments  to  agricultural  develop- 
ment are  removed  is  due  to  the  mechanical 
construction  of  the  machine,  which  is  in  the 
form  of  a  capstan.  Around  the  drum  of  the 
capstan  a  heavy  cable  winds,  the  other  end  be- 
ing attached  by  meana  of  a  heavy  chain  to  the 
stump  or  tree.  This  cable  is  160  feet  in  length, 
and,  by  meana  of  a  patent  block,  any  part  of  it 
can  be  hitched  to  the  tree.  The  shaft  which 
turns  the  drum  is  15  feet  in  length  aud  is  drawn 
with  ease  by  one  horse.  Dividing  the  length  of 
the  shaft  by  half  the  diameter  of  the  drum — 
five  inches — it  gives  the  multiplying  power  of 
the  machine  as  36.  By  the  means  of  another 
block,  the  power  of  the  machine  is  increased  to 
72  times  that  of  the  horse  which  turna  the 
shaft.  The  machine  works  on  a  hillsidB  as  well 
as  on  level  ground,  and  two  acres  of  land  may 
be  cleared  without  changing  its  position, 

Nickel  Steel  is  attracting  the  attention  of 
metallargists  as  the  result  of  a  paper  read  be- 
fore the  Iron  and  Steel  Institute,  in  May  last, 
by  Mr.  James  Riley  of  Glasgow.  It  is  olaimed 
that  tests  made  with  an  alloy  of  95.3  per  cent 
steel  and  4.7  per  cent  nickel  showed  au  increase 
in  breaking  stress  from  30  to  40  6  tons  per 
square  inch,  and  the  elastic  limit  was  raised 
from  16  to  28  tons.  The  hardness  oan  be  in- 
creased 20  per  cent.  Steel  rich  in  nickel  is 
practically  non-corrodible,  25  per  cent  of  nickel 
increasing  this  quality  in  the  proportion  of  10 
to  $70.  Some  ot  the  breaking  strains  are  said 
to  have  reached  87  and  even  95^  tons  per  square 
inch.  The  possibilities  of  this  new  alloy  are 
rousing  the  nickel  producers,  and  especially 
the  Canadian  Copper  Co.,  which  claims  to  have 
the  best  nickel  mines  outside  of  New  Caledonia, 


Metallic  Railroad  Ties  seem  to  be  con 
stantly  but  gradually  working  their  way  into 
general  use.  About  600  metallic  ties  have  re- 
cntly  been  laid  on  the  track  of  the  Chicago  & 
Western  railroad  at  Chicago.  These  are  the 
first  metallic  ties  that  have  been  laid  in  the 
West.  The  tie  is  a  metallic  trough  in  which 
the  rails  rest  upon  a  wooden  block,  thus  avoid- 
ing metal  contact,  and  are  clampsd  firmly  and 
securely  in  place  without  the  use  of  fish-plates 
or  angle-bars.  The  necessity  for  drilling  the 
rails  is  thus  obviated,  and  they  are  notched 
only  when  creeping  plates  are  used  under  the 
joints.  In  riding  over  the  tracks  the  change 
in  passing  from  the  wooden  to  metallic  ties  is 
said  to  be  very  noticeable  in  the  greater 
smoothness. —  Trade  and  Traffic. 

German  Patents. — Baring  the  recent  dis- 
cussion of  the  German  Patent  laws  in  the  Reich- 
stag, it  was  revealed  that  last  year  Germany 
gf-auted  only  3921  patents,  against  England's 
9779  and  the  Uaited  States'  20  420.  While  in 
modt  civilized  countries  the  number  of  patents 
annually  granted  ia  increasing,  or,  at  least,  not 
deoreaaing,  the  number  in  Germany  has  fallen 
off  927  in  the  last  five  years, 


SeiENTiFie  Fflocbress. 


Phenomenal  Gifts. 

Peculiar  gifts  in  relation  to  the  power  of  the 
unedncated  human  mind  in  certain  given  direc- 
tions are  frequently  brought  to  the  knowledge 
of  the  world,  and  as  yet  without  the  remotest 
idea  being  snggested  in  regard  to  the  laws  or 
means  by  which  these  peculiar  gifts  are  brought' 
into  power.  The  reader  will  readily  call  to 
mind  Blind  Tom,  the  pianist,  and  quite  a  num- 
ber who  have  manifested  this  peculiar  power  in 
regard  to  figures.  Indeed,  music  and  mathe- 
matics seem  to  be  the  two  directions  in  which 
these  remarkable  developments  are  generally 
made;  although  there  are  other  directions  in 
which  they  sometimes  appear.  The  celebrated 
Sweet  of  New  Eagland  is  an  example  of  this 
kind  in  surgery. 

The  latest  novelty  of  this  has  appeared  in  the 
vicinity  of  Louisville,  Ky.,  in  the  person  of  an 
unedncated  negro.  A  late  reference  to  this 
person  is  given  by  the  Louisville  Commercial 
as  follows:  Sam  Summers,  the  negro  prodigy, 
was  in  town  recently,  and,  as  usual,  entertained 
a  large  crowd,  who  were  testing  him  with  all 
kinds  of  mathematical  problems.  Summers  is 
a  negro  34  years  old,  without  the  slightest  edu- 
cation. He  cannot  read  or  write,  and  does  not 
know  one  figure  from  another.  He  is  a  com- 
mon farm  hand,  and'  to  look  at  him  and  watch 
his  actions  he  seem^  to  be  about  half-witted, 
but  his  quick  and  invariably  correct  answer  to 
any  example  in  arithmetic,  no  matter  how  dif- 
ficult;, is  simply  wonderful.  With  the  hun- 
dreds of  testa  that  he  has  submitted  to,  not  a 
single  time  has  he  failed  to  give  the  correct 
answer  in  every  instance. 

Some  examples  given  him  were  as  follows: 
How  much  gold  can  be  boueht  for  ^792  in 
greenbacks  if  gold  is  worth  $1.65?  Multiply 
597,312  by  13|.  If  a  grain  of  wheat  produoeB 
seven  grains,  and  these  be  sown  the  seoond 
year,  each  yielding  the  same  increase,  how 
miny  bushels  will  be  produced  at  this  rate  in 
12  years,  if  1000  grains  make  a  pint?  If  the 
velocity  of  sound  is  1142  feet  per  second,  the 
pulsation  of  the  heart  70  per  minute,  after  see- 
ing a  Bash  of  lightning  there  are  20  pulsations 
counted  before  you  hear  it  thunder,  what  dis- 
tance ia  the  cloud  from  the  earth,  and  what  is 
the  time  after  seeing  the  fiish  of  lightning  un- 
til  you  hear  the  thunder  ?  A  commission  mer- 
ohant  receives  70  bags  of  wheat,  each  contain- 
ing three  bushels,  three  pecks  and  three  quarts. 
How  many  bushels  did  he  receive?     And  bo  on. 

With  Robinson's,  R»y'a  and  other  higher 
arithmetics  before  them,  those  who  have  test- 
ed him  as  yet  have  been  unable  to  find  any  ex- 
ample that  with  a  few  momenta'  thought  on  his 
part  he  is  not  able  to  correctly  answer. 

Stanley's     GeograpMcal     Discoveries. 

It  will  probably  turn  out  that  Stanley's  latest 
geographical  diBooverlea  in  the  equatorial  regiona 
of  Africa  have  been  of  as  much  importance  as 
those  made  by  him  on  previous  expeditions,  or 
that  have  been  made  by  any  of  the  African  ex- 
plorers. There  is  more  than  a  hint  of  the 
value  of  his  recent  discoveries  in  his  announce- 
ment that  the  Victoria  Nyanza  is  a  much 
larger  body  of  water  than  had  heretofore  been 
shown  on  any  map.  Stanley's  discoveries  add 
1900  square  miles  to  this  lake;  and  what  is  of 
even  greater  importance,  it  is  shown  that  it 
extenda  so  far  snuth  that  the  actual  distance 
between  the  Victoria  Nyauza  and  Lake 
Tanganyka  is  only  155  miles,  whereas  the  dis- 
tance heretofore  computed  has  not  been  less 
than  250  miles.  These  two  lakes  afford  a 
length  of  navigable  waters  somewhat  exceeding 
500  miles.  The  other  lakes,  as  they  are  fig- 
ured by  the  best  authorities,  have  navigable 
waters  hardly  less  in  extent.  That  is,  there 
are  about  1000  miles  of  navigable  waters  af- 
forded by  these  great  inland  seas. 

Now,  the  nearer  they  are  to  each  other  the 
better  it  will  be  for  all  the  future  interests  of 
commerce.  Oo  two  of  these  great  lakes,  steam- 
ers have  been  plying  for  many  years.  The  the- 
ory has  long  been  a  favorite  one  that  all  the 
navigable  lakes  of  Equatorial  Africa  would 
finally  be  joined  together  by  short  lines  of  rail- 
road, and  chat  the  lakes  thus  united  would  be- 
come a  great  commercial  highway  in  Central 
Africa.  These  lakes  have  already  become  of 
new  importance  in  that  sense,  by  the  organiza- 
tion  of  the  Free  State  of  Congo,  which,  while 
it  nowhere  borders  on  any  of  these  waters,  haa 
an  exterior  boundary  near  enough  to  derive 
great  benefit  from  the  future  development  of 
commerce  by  meana  of  thifl  great  chain  of  in- 
land navigation. 

Observations  on  Eclipses  of  the  Sun. — 
Professor  David  P.  Todd  of  the  late  expedition 
to  the  west  coast  of  Africa  to  observe  the 
eclipse  which  took  place  Dec.  223,  says  that 
the  chief  purpose  of  these  observations  is  not 
to  find  the  distance  to  the  sun,  as  many  sup- 
pose, but  to  find  out  with  the  highest  degree  of 
accuracy  the  position  of  the  moon's  diameter 
relative  to  that  of  the  snn  at  several  recorded 
instants  of  observation.  The  data  so  obtained 
bear  directly  upon  the  betterment  of  the  numer- 
ical data  from  which  the  astronomer  predicts 
the  position  of  the  moon  and  is  a  matter  of 
serious  moment  in  the  future  of  the  science  of 
navigation  and  in  further  improvement  of 
astronomical  tables  and  theories  of  the  motion 
of  the  moon.  But  in  addition  to  this  purpose, 
the  last  20  years  have  seen  a  great  development 


of  the  science  of  solar  physios,  and  observations 
of  the  solar  corona,  only  Been  at  time  of  total 
eclipse,  have  much  to  do  with  this  acieoce. 
No  one  yet  knows  what  this  corona  really  is, 
and  its  study  is  depended  upon  to  still  further 
develop  our  present  imperfect  knowledge  of  the 
laws  governing  solar  energy  and  the  constitn- 
tion  of  the  sun  itself.  The  importance  of  taking 
advantage  of  every  solar  eclipse  oan  be  appre- 
ciated when  it  is  nnderetood  that  in  the  last 
100  years  only  a  few  hours  over  one  day  have 
been  available  for  this  purpose.  Photography 
is  the  most  powerful  adjunct  of  the  eclipse 
observer  of  to-day.  These  plates  preserve  the 
precise  figure  and  relative  brightness  of  the 
corona  and  all  ita  streamers  with  the  highest 
precision,  and  permit  careful  and  leisurely  study 
to  supplant  the  hasty  and  imperfect  observa- 
tions of  only  a  few  years  ago.  Spectroscopic 
investigation  is  also  added  to  photography. 

A  Glass  Telephone. — Jerome  Prince  of 
Milford,  Maas.,  while  lately  reflecting  upo;athe 
varied  musical  sounds  given  out  by  glass  tum- 
blers, when  more  or  less  partially  filled  with 
water  and  properly  manipulated,  conceived  the 
idea  that  these  vibrations  might  be  brought  to 
some  practical  utilicy  in  connection  with  the 
telephone.  With  this  conception  he  immedi- 
ately set  to  work  to  demonstrate  his  idea  with 
the  following  result,  as  given  by  the  Boston 
Journal  of  Commerce,  *'  The  new  telephone" 
which  he  has  constructed,  "  consists  of  a  dia> 
phragm  or  transmitter  of  simple  glass,  resting 
on  a  number  of  glass  rods,  and  these  commnni- 
catiog  with  an  ordinary  wire.  The  line  in 
operation  at  Milford  extends  from  a  grocery  on 
Main  street  to  the  residence  of  one  of  the  pro- 
prietors, a  distance  perhaps  of  some  30  rods, 
pasaing  some  five  or  six  sharp  angles  before 
reaching  its  destination.  Over  this  wire  the 
ticking  of  a  watch  can  be  distinctly  heard,  and 
a  whispered  converBation  carried  on  with  no 
difficulty  whatever.  The  distance  that  sound 
can  be  transmitted  with  the  new  telephone 
varies  according  to  the  thickness  of  the  glass 
transmitter.  The  one  in  consideration  allows  a 
whispered  conversation  three  miles,  and  by 
using  a  thicker  glass  a  much  longer  distance. 
It  makes  no  difference  how  many  angles  the 
wire  takes  in  reaching  its  deatination,  the 
sound  is  transmitted  just  as  readily.  Another 
peculiarity  of  the  invention  is  the  increased  in- 
tensity of  the  sound  that  is  transmitted.  Each 
vibration  seems  to  gather  strength  and  force 
from  the  vibrations  behind  it,  and  when  the 
sound  reaches  the  ear  of  the  auditor  it  is  won- 
derfully clear  and  distinct," 


The  Wind  at  Top  of  the  Eiffel  Tower  — 
Cireful  observations  were  made  last  summer 
to  determine  the  difference  in  the  velocity  of 
the  wind  at  65  feet  above  the  ground  at  the 
Eiffel  tower  and  at  the  top,  995  feet  above 
the  ground.  Up  to  the  1st  of  October  last 
complete  observations  had  been  obtained  for 
101  days,  and  from  these  it  appears  that  on  an 
average  the  velocity  of  the  wind  is  about  3  1 
times  aa  great  at  the  more  lofty  station  as  it 
is  at  the  lower.  Moreover,  the  breeze  at  the 
top  is  always  fairly  strong,  as  during  the  whole 
of  the  summer  months  in  which  observations 
were  taken,  the'' average  velocity  of  the  breeze 
throughout  any  given  day  always  exceeded 
23  ft.  per  second,  and  during  21  per  cent  of  the 
whole  period  of  the  observations  this  average 
daily  velocity  was  upward  of  33  ft.  per  second. 
No  great  storm  seems  to  have  occurred  during 
the  time  over  which  the  observations  extend, 
and  we  do  not  know  the  maximum  wind  veloc- 
ity registered  during  this  time. 


The  Hight  of  Ocean  Waves  haa  long  been 
a  source  of  much  speculation  among  scientists 
and  others.  Various  meana  have  been  adopted 
to  reach  accuracy,  but  hitherto  with  very  little 
success.  Perhaps  the  following  may  be  con- 
sidered as  near  perfection  as  any  device  hitherto 
employed.  We  copy  from  an  exchange:  *' An 
interesting  feat  has  just  been  acoompliBhed  by 
Hon.  Ralph  Abercromby,  who  baa  succeeded 
in  measuring  the  bight  of  ocean  waves  by  float- 
ing a  sensitive  aneroid  barometer  on  the  surface, 
and  in  gaging  their  width  and  velocity  by 
timing  their  passages  with  a  chronograph. 
Aa  a  result  of  these  experiments,  he  supports 
Admiral  Fitzroy  in  the  conclusion  that  waves 
occasionally  reaoh  an  altitude  of  60  feet.  The 
highest  wave  measured  by  Mr.  Abercromby 
was  46  feet  high,  765  feet  from  crest  to  crest, 
and  had  a  velocity  of  47  miles  per  hour." 

The  Gulf  Stream. — It  haa  been  noticed  for 
many  yeare  that  the  flow  of  the  Gulf  Stream 
appears  to  be  approaching  nearer  and  nearer  to 
the  Eastern  coast  of  the  Union.  The  question 
jast  now  seems  to  have  acquired  a  new  interest, 
due  to  an  article  recently  pnbliahed  in  the 
Boston  Transcript,  by  Lieut.  Downes,  U.  S.  !N ., 
wherein  that  gentleman  states  that  this  great 
ocean  current  is  now  flowing  nearer  to  the  New 
England  shore  than  has  probably  ever  been 
known  before.  This  is  in  part  at  least  owing 
to  the  weakness  of  the  Arctic  current,  and  its 
entire  absence  at  times,  in  the  North  Atlantic. 
Lieut,  Bownes  thinks  this  proximity  of  the 
warm  GulflStream  to  our  coast  accounts  for  the 
comparatively  mild,  open  winters  of  the  past 
two  years. 

Forests  and  the  Rainfall. — A  drouth 
which  has  prevail^  in  South  Africa  is  said  to 
be  due  to  the  same  cause  that  mined  Egypt, 
Mesopotamia  and  India,  once  the  moat  fertile 
countries  in  the  world.  It  is  the  destruction  of 
the  forests. 


1 


Jan.  11,  1890.J 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press, 


25 


-ECTPjeiTY, 


Electrical  Progress. 

A  great  advance  in  the  applioation  of  eleo* 
trioity  (or  the  purpose  of  lif(ht  and  power  dar* 
inf^  the  preient  year  will  certaioly  exceed  that 
of  all  previous  time.  A  glanco  at  the  oolamos 
of  any  of  the  weekly  eleotriual  journals  of  any 
date  during  the  past  year  will  show  that 
handredB  of  arc  and  thouBands  of  Incandescent 
laoaps,  and  miles  of  electric  railway  have  been 
contracted  for. 

Electric  motors,  says  Stationary  Engineer^ 
have  been  mannfactared  at  a  rate  of  upward 
of  250  per  week,  and  their  average  rating  will 
exceed  700  horse*power. 

The  series  system  of  incandescent  lighting, 
whioh  gives  cheap  dlstribation  over  extended 
areas,  and  can  be  easily  and  cheaply  extended 
at  any  time,  is  being  adopted  by  villages^  and 
Lb  bailed  as  a  blessing  by  the  older  people, 
whose  eyesight  is  growing;  dim  aa  age 
advances. 

The  incandescent  lamp  in  the  homes  of  peo- 
ple of  very  moderate  ciroumstanoes  is  a  fact 
of  to-day,  and  the  price  at  which  it  is  furnished 
ia  Ifoand  to  be  within  their  means.  This  is 
another  triumph  in  the  field  of  electric  lighting, 
for  the  incandesoent  light  can  now  be 
introduced  into  places  where  gas  will  never  be 
able  to  compete.  The  flexibility  and  Bimpllolly 
of  the  series  incandescent  system  will  make  it 
the  poor  man's  friend,  for  in  any  place  where 
underground  wiring  is  not  compnlsory,  the  in- 
candescent lamp  can  be  farniehed  at  a  lees  cost 
than  would  be  charged  for  the  same  amount  of 
light  from  gas.  Electric  railways  are  so 
rapidly  multiplying  in  the  United  States,  that 
reliable  data  is  old  and  comparatively  worthless 
by  the  time  it  ia  compiled. 

Motors  have  been  introduced  for  all  oonoeiv* 
able  purposes  to  which  power  can  be  applied, 
and  small  industries  run  by  electrical  power 
have  started  np  in  many  plaoes  where  steam- 
power  could  not  have  been  utilized.  Motors 
of  all  the  different  designs  that  have  been 
proven  of  value  find  a  ready  sale,  and  the 
factories  engaged  in  their  manufacture  are,  in 
many  cases,  being  enlarged.  The  storage 
battery  is  being  extensively  applied  to  the 
many  purposes  for  whioh  it  is  applicable. 


Fusible  Fire-Pldgs  fob  Electric  Lioht 
WiBES. — Mayor  Hait  of  Boiiton,  who  has  been 
visiting  a  number  of^oities,  etndying  their 
electric-light  systems,  was  recently  in  Chicago. 
To  a  reporter  he  ia  etated  to  have  said  that  he 
believed  that  the  only  means  to  guard  against 
the  danger  to  buildings  from  fire  from  the  elec- 
tric wires  was  by  using  fusible  plugs,  placed 
outside  the  building  and  protected  from  water. 
As  to  the  neefulnesB  of  these  appliances  to 
a  certain  degree,  there  can  be  no  question,  but 
we  hardly  think  Mayor  Hart  meant  to  be 
quoted  as  pronouncing  them  the  only  means  of 
safety.  That  electric  lighting  will  soon  be 
made  as  safe  from  accident  aa  illuminating  gas 
hardly  admits  of  a  question.  If  our  metropol- 
itan Solona  will  use  their  endeavors  to  secure 
means  of  safety  from  electric  wires  as  earnestly 
as  they  are  now  seeking  to  put  a  stop  to  one  of 
the  most  important  discoveries  of  the  age,  they 
will  accomplish  much  more  good.  Electricity 
in  all  its  phases  has  come  to  stay,  and  don't 
yOD  forget  it. 


for  the  purpose  of  making  a  study  of  what  to 
them  is  a  never-ceasing  wonder, the  eleotrio  light. 
They  are  said  to  represent  a  Chinese  syndicate 
whioh  has  a  ninety  years*  contract  with  the  Im- 
perial Government  to  furnish  all  the  publio 
buildings  and  otfices  with  electric  light.  They 
will  go  from  New  York  to  Pittsbarg  to  con- 
tinae  their  study  of  the  subject. 

Why  Not  Rei'DOIatk  Stkkkt  Caus  and 
Illi*minatinu  Gas? — Tne  records  of  deaths  in 
the  city  of  Now  York  showed  that  there  were 
killed  by  street-cars  during  the  year  1888  no 
less  than  Hi  persons,  and  by  illuminating  gas 
-3,  making  the  number  killed  by  the  electric 
current  (5j  insignificant  compared  with  the 
deaths  of  indivldaalB  from  any  of  the  other 
causes  named. 


So  It  Is  Said. — The  operator  of  an  electric 
car  at  Pittsburg,  Penn.,  reversed  the  current 
very  suddenly,  a  few  days  ago,  and  the  iron- 
work became  ao  heavily  charged  that  two  pas- 
sengers received  severe  ehocka. 

An  Imi'oktant  Industry. — It  is  eattmated 
that  '250,000  persons  in  the  United  Statea  are 
engaged  in  baainess  depending  solely  on  elec- 
trioity. 


Engijmeef^ing  I^otes. 


The  Lake  Erie  and  Pittsburg  Ship  Canal 
Preparations  are  being  made  for  the  prelimi- 
nary aurveyof  a  feasible  route  for  the  projected 
ehip  canal  between  Pittsburg  and  some  port  on 
Like  Erie,  by  which  lake  ores  and  other  com- 
modities can  be  taken  without  transhipment 
from  the  Northwest  to  the  Smoky  City.  Much 
interest  ia  felt  in  the  project,  which  is  certainly 
a  most  important  one,  and  one,  also,  that  will 
undoubtedly  succeed.  The  iron  manufacturers 
and  iron  ore  and  coal  miners,  especially,  will 
encourage  the  enterprise.  The  questions  by 
which  its  projeotora  are  just  now  confronted  are 
( 1 )  Can  it  be  done  ?  (2)  What  will  it  oost  ?  and 
(3)  Who  will  pay  for  it  ?  These  problems  will 
be  oonsidered  in  detail  and  at  length  by  a  State 
Gommiaaion  appointed  by  the  Governor,  and 
backed  up  by  a  legialative  appropriation  of 
$10,000  for  a  preliminary  examination.  Three 
routes  are  proposed — one  via  the  old  Pennsyl- 
vania canal,  which  at  present  is  popular;  one 
will  pass  through  a  portion  of  Obio,  and  the 
third  is  rather  mysteriously,  just  now,  kept 
in  the  background.  One  of  the  principal  diffi- 
culties in  the  way  will  be  the  undermining  or 
bridging  of  the  numeroue  railroad  tracks  along 
any  route  which  may  be  adopted.  There  will 
also  be  many  railroad  "  kiokera"  to  contend 
with  among  the  companies  which  may  be  par- 
alleled by  the  canal.  The  question  of  cost  or 
difficalty  of  securing  funds  will  not  present  any 
special  trouble.  The  city  of  Pittsburg  would 
be  immenaely  benefited  by  the  work  in  getting 
cheap  and  needed  orea  from  the  Lake  Superior 
and  other  regions  in  the  Northwest.  It  is  an 
enterprise  of  national  importance  and  must  soon 
be  carried  through. 


SOOD  HE>a,LTH. 


From  Mr.  Edison. — Mr.  Edison  recently 
said  to  an  incerviewer:  '*  At  the  preaent  time 
the  phonograph  ia  occupying  my  time.  I  have 
been  improving  it,  and  it  ia  more  perfect  to- 
day than  ever.  In  speaking  into  the  phono- 
graph it  was  soon  found  that  the  slbilanta  were 
not  recorded.  For  instance,  if  I  were  to  say 
'species  '  the  '  sp '  sound  would  be  lost.  Well, 
I  have  about  solved  the  problem  now,  and  the 
sound  of  *b'  ia  inscribed  with  the  other  letters. 
I  rnn  the  phonograph  or  graphophone  in  three 
ways — with  a  treadle,  a  battery,  or  with  the 
ordinary  incandescent  light  by  attaching  the 
maohine  with  a  wire  to  the  lamp.  Buainess 
people  can  have  their  choice.  I  shouldn't  want 
to  be  bothered  with  a  treadle,  and  I  think  the 
best  plan  is  to  use  the  electric  light,  since  they 
are  now  so  commonly  distributed.  The  bat- 
tery is  made  to  last  for  a  month,  three  months, 
or  six  montha,  without  being  renewed.  Let 
every  man  take  bis  choice.  I  am  making  the 
three  kinds." 


A  New  Electric  Light  Company. — Artiolee 
of  incorporation  have  just  been  filed  by  the 
Central  Electric  Company  with  $250,000  capi- 
tal and  $6000  subscribed  stock  to  constrnot 
and  maintain  electrical  apparatus  in  the  cities 
and  towns  of  the  Pacific  Coast.  Directors  :  C. 
F.  Fargo,  J,  Rsdding,  L.  L.  Baker,  G.  P. 
Adams  and  C.  E.  Wilaon.  A  proposition  is  be- 
fore the  City  Trustees  of  Sacramento  for  an 
electric  light  franchise — to  introduce  into  that 
city  a  Westinghouae  electric  light  plant,  to 
light  the  atreetB  of  that  olty. 

Ruthless  JDestrdction. — It  was  recently 
reported  that  a  gang  of  lineraen  was  engaged 
in  the  ruthless  destruction  of  telegraph  and 
telephone  lines  in  the  city  of  Cleveland,  0.,aud 
that  they  were  encouraged  in  the  nefarious 
work  by  an  enraged  populace,  simply  on  ao- 
ooant  of  the  death  of  a  horae. 


The  Water  Railway. — The  scheme  of  a 
water  railway  to  draw  cars  at  a  speed  of  100 
miles  an  hour,  which  attracted  much  attention 
at  the  late  Paris  Expoaition,  ia  to  have  another 
trial  under  the  patronage  of  the  London  Met- 
ropolitan Rulway  Company.  The  location 
selected  ia  near  the  city  of  London.  The 
London  Spectatovt  in  alluding  to  the  scheme, 
eays  :  "  We  shall  soon  have  an  opportunity 
to  try  what,if  accounts  are  true,must  be  the  very 
poetry  of  motion.  The  carriages  run  on  skates 
or  alides,  but  between  the  slide  and  the  rail  la 
forced  a  film  of  water,  which  prevents  all  jolt- 
ing, bumping  and  ahaking,  and,  in  fact,  makes 
the  carriages  ekim  along  as  the  boat  does  on 
the  sea.  Then,  too,  the  pace  ia  100  miles  an 
hour.  If  the  new  railway  ia  really  practicable 
for  long  distances,  all  England  will  be  a  sub- 
urb of  London,  and  Surrey  will  be  saved  from 
becoming  a  chesaboard,  covered  with  what  the 
anotioneers  call  *  villa  reaidencea  '  standing  in 
their  own  three  acres  of  park-like  grounds.  A 
hundred  milea  an  hour  would  make  Bath  as  ac- 
cessible as  Brighton,  while  Manchester  would 
be  reached  in  one  hour  and  50  minutes." 


Poison  in  Pickles. 

Dr.  Jackson,  a  Pittsburg  physician,  recent- 
ly analyzed  a  number  of  samples  of  pickles 
and  oatsupa.  In  almost  all  the  matter  he  found 
more  or  less  Ballcylio  aoid,  used  by  the  manu- 
facturers to  prevent  fermentation.  In  two- 
thirds  of  the  samples  there  appeared  fungi  or 
molds,  whioh  indicated  that  the  tomatoes  had 
begun  to  ferment  and  grow  moldy  before  the 
salicylic  acid  was  added.  Arsenic  was  found 
in  one  sample  and  sulphuric  aoid  in  another. 
The  coloring  matters  used  were  largely  ooohi- 
neal  and  aniline  red.  About  onC'third  of  the 
piokles  analyzed  contained  impurities  and  adul- 
terations. The  matter  was  ohietly  in  the  vine- 
gar, and  the  former  was  in  both  vinegar  and 
piokles. 

Of  the  ten  samples  there  was  copper  present 
in  two,  oil  of  vitriol  in  aeven,  lead  in  one,  iron 
in  two  and  zinc  in  one.  Thia  ia  certainly  a  bad 
showing.  Oat  of  all  the  adulterations  used, 
cochineal  is  really  the  only  barmleaa  one.  As 
for  the  lead,  iron  and  zinc,  it  is  assumed  that 
their  presence  was  accidental,  as  a  result  of  the 
action  of  the  acid  on  those  metals  with  which 
they  had  come  in  contact. 

Salicylic  acid  is  a  vary  common  adulteration 
of  foods  and  drinks;  milkmen  have  used  more 
or  less  of  it,  and  it  ia  said  that  it  is  a  frequent 
ingredient  of  lager  beer.  In  fact  in  almost  every- 
thing in  the  line  of  foods  which  undergo  fer- 
mentation, this  acid  bai  been  used  as  a  preaar- 
vator.  Manufacturers  contend  that  it  is  harm- 
less in  the  quantities  in  which  they  employ  it. 
Could  the  consumption  of  the  foods  and  drinks 
containing  it  be  limited,  this  agent  would  not 
of  course  do  muoh  harm,  but  appetites  cannot 
be  anticipated.  M^iny  people  crave  acids,  and 
some  are  very  fond  of  catsup,  and  eat  it 
freely  with  almost  every  kind  of  meat. 
Physicians  give  salicylic  acid  for  acute  rheum- 
atism, but  it  cannot  be  continued  long,  for  the 
reason  that  the  stomach  very  quickly  becomes 
irritated  and  intolerant  of  it,  Thia  aoid  ia  a 
poiaon  and  capable  of  producing  death  in  large 
dosea.  Even  if  email  doses  are  taken  for  a 
long  time  the  nutrition  of  the  indulger  is  so 
impaired  that  he  loses  fiash  and  strength,  A<i 
to  the  effect  of  the  mold  found  in  the  catsup  on 
the  system, it  ia  only  necessary, aaya  Dr.  Jackaon, 
to  atate  that  a  number  of  yeara  ago  an  experi- 
ment found  that  when  rabbits  were  fed  on 
moldy  bread  their  ears  sloughed  off,  deep  ulcer- 
ations made  their  appearance  and  finally  death 
resulted.  Diluted  sulphuric  aoid  ia  aometimea 
given  as  a  medicine,  but  only  that  which  baa 
been  prepared  with  exceeding  care.  In  the  acid 
generally  used  to  adulterate  vinegar  there  is 
very  likely  to  be  a  trace,  at  least,  of  arsenic. 
As  for  copper,  no  one  can  justify  its  use  in 
food. 

Dr.  Jackson  gives  the  following  wholeaome 
advice  to  thoBe  who  purchase  cataup  :  "In  the 
first  place,  avoid  a  highly  colored  article,  for 
the  chancea  are  that  much  coloring  matter  hsB 
been  added  to  disguise  the  color  of  half- 
ripened  or  rotten  tomatoea.  Again,  do  not 
buy  a  low  priced  article.  When  you  see  an 
array  of  catsup  bottles  in  a  window,  with  a 
price-card  on  them  showing  that  they  are 
being  sold  at  half-prioe,  don't  you  buy  that 
catsup;  it  ia  not  fit  to  go  into  a  human 
stomach." 

The  writer  has  known  of  a  bargain-hunter 
who  walked  four  tquares  out  of  her  way  to  get 
a  catsup  that  waa  sold  five  cents  cheaper  than 
better  gradea.  Examination  showed  that  catsup 
to  be  filthy;  it  was  a  network  of  moldy  fiber. 
Considering  how  long  a  bottle  of  catsup  will 
last,  five  cents  is  a  very  email  aaving  to  the  pur- 
chaser, yet  that  much  difference  in  price 
means  a  great  deal  to  the  manufacturer,  con- 
seqaently  he  cannot  affjrd  to  put  aa  good 
tomatoea  in  it,  nor  make  it  up  so  carefully 
as  the  better  quality,  ao  that  this  grade  con- 
tains moat  of  the  rotten  tomatoes,  the  sweep- 
ings, etc.,  all  colored  up  nice  and  red  with 
roaaniline.  Whose  fault  ia  it  that  this  kind 
of  preparation  is  on  the  market — the  manu- 
facturer's ?  Not  exactly.  It  is  the  fault  of 
the  bargain-hunter,  who  wants  to  get  something 
for  nothing — the  bargain-hunter  who  holds  a 
5  cent  piece  so  close  to  her  eye  that  she  can- 
not see  the  dollar  behind  it. — Boston  Herald. 


Useful  Inforjviatio>;. 


BuivfUKTTK  Making  in  Pennsylvania, — The 
Reading  Coal  Oo.  at  Mahanoy  City  baa 
adopted  a  aystem  of  briquette  making  from 
ccal-dust.  This  waste-aaving  process  conBists 
of  the  coal-doet  being  evenly  distributed  with 
one-tenth  per  loent  of  pitch.  This,  by  an  in- 
genious contrivance,  is  pressed  into  large  cakes, 
Bteam  being  used  to  moisten  the  mass.  So  hard 
doea  it  become  that  it  poBsesaes  the  same  power 
of  resistance  aa  coal,  or,  in  other  words,  100 
pounds  of  coal  dust  pressed  will  last  as  long  as 
the  same'  amount  of  hard  ooal.  A  pressure  of 
35  tons  is  brought  to  bear  on  each  briquette. 
Taere  are  two  presses  in  operation  now,  and 
when  run  to  their  full  capacity  will  turn  out 
about  SOO  tons  of  the  briquettes  in  24  hourB. 
The  briquettes  take  up  25  per  cent  less  spaoe 
than  ordinary  coal,  aod  in  consequence  an 
engine  can  be  loaded  to  go  one-fourth  farther 
without  replenishing  the  supply  of  fael. 


To  Investigate  the  Eleoteio  Light. — Two 
gentlemen  from  the  Celestial  Kingdom  named 
Wong  and  Fong  were  in  New  York  reoently, 


A  Milk  Pipe  Line  ia  talked  of  for  the  supply 
of  New  York  with  its  indispensable  lacteal  sup 
ply,  A  company  haa  been  formed  with  a  cap- 
ital of  $600,000  to  atart  the  enterprise.  Oae  of 
the  projectors  aays  :  **  The  scheme  presents 
many  ditfioulties,  euoh  as  the  milk  becoming 
sour  or  churned,  but  we  can  deliver  it  in  a  half- 
frozen  condition  if  we  want  to,  and  prevent  its 
souring  or  churning.  We  shall  probably  be 
able  to  send  milk  to  New  York  from  towns 
within  100  milea  of  the  metropolia  for  one  cent 
a  gallon.  The  concern  oan  be  aa  easily  con- 
trolled aa  a  telegraph  system.  We  shall  be 
able  to  aend  milk  to  the  city  in  one  hour."  The 
main  difficulty  will  be  in  keeping  the  conduits 
in  thorough  sanitary  condition, 

Peeserving  the  Sacramento  River. — In 
regard  to  the  duty  of  the  General  Government 
to  preserve  navigable  atreama,  an  exchange  very 
correctly  aays  :  **  It  ia  the  first  duty  of  the 
Government  to  keep  navigable  rivers  In  a  navi- 
gable condition.  Railroada  oan  never  super- 
sede waterways.  A  single  barge  will  carry  as 
much  food  or  material  of  war  aa  a  train  of 
cars,  and  a  single  tug  will  haul  a  dozen  such 
bargee." 


Tue  Whale. — Cjmparison  with  other  living 
bodies  must  be  made  in  order  to  form  any  ade- 
qaate  oonoeption  of  the  magnitude  or  weight  of 
a  whale,  which  Is,  by  far,  the  largest  apeoimen 
of  a  living  thing  on  the  earth.  Nillson  remarks 
that  the  weight  of  the  great  Greenland  or  right 
whale  ia  100  tons,  or  220,000  pounds,  or  110 
tone,  equal  to  that  of  88  elephants,  or  440 
bears.  The  whalebone  in  such  a  whale  may  be 
taken  at  3860  pounds,  and  the  oil  at  from  140 
to  ISO  tons.  The  remains  of  the  fossil  whale, 
which  have  been  found  on  the  coast  of  Ystad, 
in  the  Baltic,  and  even  far  inland  in  Wanga- 
panae,  Westergothland,  betokens  a  whale  whioh 
although  not  more  than  between  50  and  GO  feet 
in  length,  must  at  least  have  had  a  body  27 
times  larger  and  heavier  than  that  of  the  com- 
mon or  right  whale. 

To  Lessen  Accidents. — Avery  useful  inven- 
tion, tending  to  lessen  the  possibility  of  acoi- 
denta  in  factories,  is  now  being  extensively 
adopted  in  England.  The  breaking  of  a  glass, 
which  is  adjusted  against  the  wall  of  every 
room  in  the  mill,  will  at  once  stop  the  engine, 
an  electric  current  being  established  between 
the  room  and  the  throttle-valve  of  the  engine, 
abutting  off  the  ateam  in  an  instant.  By  thia 
means  the  engine  waa  atopped  at  one  of  the 
milla  recently  in  a  few  seconda,  and  a  young 
girl,  whose  clothes  had  become  entangled  in  an 
upright  shaft,  was  released  uninjured. 

Ears  as  Cigar  Holders. — The  women  of 
Burmah,  like  ttte  male  smokers  of  Siam,  use 
their  ears  as  cigar-holders,  but  in  quite  a  dif- 
ferent way.  Every  Burmese  girl  prides  herself 
on  the  size  of  the  hole  she  can  make  in  the  i.obe 
of  her  ears.  Some  of  them  reach  the  size  of  an 
ordinary  napkin-ring.  Into  these  they  often 
place  their  olgara.  The  Burmese  cigar  is  gen- 
erally of  a  mammoth  size — an  inch  or  more  in 
diameter  and  from  six  to  eight  inches  long. 

First  American  Coal  to  Brazil. — The  first 
cargo  of  the  American  bituminous  ooal  that  haa 
been  known  to  be  shipped  direct  to  Brazil  waa 
taken  by  the  achooner  Hannah  McLoon,  which 
recently  sailed  from  Philadelphia  for  Santos. 
Many  efforts  have  been  made  to  introduce  ooal 
from  this  country  into  Brazil,  but  every  at- 
tempt was  opposed  by  a  combination  whioh  re- 
fused to  handle  the  American  product. 

To  Take  Out  Grease  From  Marble. — Apply 
a  little  pile  of  whiting  or  fuller's  earth  saturated 
with  benzine,  and  allow  it  to  stand  some  time; 
or  apply  a  mixture  of  two  parts  washing  soda, 
one  part  ground  pumicestone,  and  one  part 
chalk,  all  first  finely  powdered  and  made  into 
a  paste  with  water;  rub  well  over  the  marble, 
and  finally  wash  off  with  soap  and  water. 


Falling  from  a  Hight. — It  may  mitigate 
the  diBtreea  with  which  we  hear  of  terrible  falls 
to  read  the  following  from  the  New  York  Medi- 
cal Journal:  A  medical  man,  formerly  a  sailor, 
statea  that  in  his  youth  he  fell  from  the  top- 
gallant yard  of  a  vessel,  a  distance  of  120  feet. 
Sensation  was  entirely  lost  during  his  transit 
through  the  air.  It  returned  slightly  on  enter- 
ing the  water,  sufficiently  to  enable  the  lad  to 
strike  out  {being  a  good  swimmer)  and  seize  a 
life  buoy.  The  writer  thinks  death  would 
have  been  painless  had  he  fallen  on  some  hard 
substance;  bnt  the  assertion  that  peraona  die 
in  the  act  of  falling  ia,  he  thinks,  evidently 
wrong. ^ . 

Coffin  Nails. — In  some  parts  of  the  West 
cigarettes  are  quite  commonly  referred  to  aa 
"coffin  naila."  Thia  is  by  some  oonaidered  un- 
just to  coffin  naila,  which  are,  in  their  way, 
useful  and  even  necessary  articles. 

Near  -  Sigbtedness  is  over-running  the 
French  people  as  much  as  the  Germans. 
Among  the  senior  boya  in  the  different  French 
ooUegea  more  than  46  per  cent  are  near- 
sighted. 


Home  Hand-Grenades  — Anyone  can  make 
the  hand-grenade  fire  extinguishers,  and  at  a 
email  fraction  of  the  prices  charged  in  the  mar- 
ket. Any  light  quart-bottle  will  serve  to  hold 
the  solution,  which  is  composed  of  one  pound 
of  common  salt,  one-half  pound  of  sal-ammoniac, 
dissolved  in  about  two  quarts  of  water. 

To  Berlin  by  Sea. — Serious  attention  is  now 
being  paid  in  German  official  oiroles  to  a  scheme 
for  connecting  the  Baltic  and  Berlin  by  a  sea- 
going ship  canal.  The  question  aa  to  whether 
thia  could  beat  be  brought  about  by  deepening 
the  Elbe  or  the  Oder  is  at  present  under  the 
consideration  of  a  committee. 


A  Knot  and  a  Mile, — Comparatively  few 
newapaper  readers  know,  or  have  any  special 
reason  to  know,  that  a  knot  is  more  than  a 
mile,  and  that  six  of  the  former  equal  about 
seven  of  the  latter.  Accurately  speaking, 
there  are  60S6.7  feet  in  a  knot  and  5280  feet  in 
a  mile.         

Japanese  Cement. — It  is  said  that  a  atone 
has  been  discovered  in  Japan  which  haa  re- 
markable qualities  as  a  cement  material,  and 
can  be  worked  up  for  a  muoh  leas  price  than 
the  imported  article  coats.  The  cement  will 
bear  a  weight  of  400  to  500  pounds  per  square 
inch. 

Imported  Weeds. — Of  the  seven  weeds 
which  the  *'  Weed  law  "  of  Wisconain  requires 
farmers,  under  penalty,  to  destroy,  only  one  is 
a  native  of  the  United  States,  all  the  rest  being 
naturalized  importationa  from  Earope,  where 
they  are  common  wild  plants. 


26 


Mining  and  Scientific  Prf::ss. 


[Jan.  n,  1890 


DEWEY  &  CO.,  Publishers. 


Ofcey  220  Market  Si.,  N.  E.cor.Front  St.,S.  F, 

Kf  Take  the  Mpvn.tor,  No.  IS  Front  S(.*e* 


W.  B.  EWER Sbkior  Editor 


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SAN    FRANCISCO: 

Saturday,  January    ii, 


1890. 


TABLE  OF  CONTENTS. 


EDITORIALS.— MarketPlpcc  Scene  in  Nicaragua; 
The  Chemical  Laboratory  Euildintj,  1 9.  Passing  Events; 
The  Silver  Problem;  Standards  of  Me  'Sure  and  Weight; 
Electrical  Engineering,  26.  The  Mining  Beit  of  Peru, 
27. 

ILij0STRATION8.  —  The  Chemical  Laboratory 
Buildintr;  Scene  in  the  Marketplace  of  Leon, 19.  Plan 
of  the  Cerro  de  Pasco;  General  Section  Across  the  Basin 
of  ihe  Cerro  de  Pasco,  Peru,  27- 

OORRBSPONDENOB.-Californiana  in  Austria  and 
Germany;  Woodbury  Concentrators,  20. 

MININU  SUMMARV—From  Che  various  counties 
<>f  California,  Nevada,  Arizona,  Colorado,  Idaho,  Mon- 
tana, New  Mexico,  Orecon.  Utah,  Wyoming,  22-23. 

MECHANICAL  PROGRESS.— Failure  of  Copper 
Steam  Pipes;  A  Probable  Famine  io  Englieh  Hematite 
Iron  Ore;  Horse  Nails  by  the  Bushel;  A  Land-Clearing 
Machine,  24. 

SOIENTIFIO  PROGRESS. —Phenomenal  Gifts; 
Stanley's  Geographical  Diecoveries;  Observations  on 
Eclii-ses  of  the  Sun;  A  Glas3  Telephone;  The  Wind  at 
Top  of  the  Eiffel  Tower;  The  Gulf  Stream,  24. 

BLBCTRICITy.— Electrical  Progreas;  Fusible  Fire- 
plugs for  Klectric  Light  Wires;  From  Mr.  Edison;  A 
New  Eleotric  Litrhs  Company;  Ruthless  Destruction, 
Miscellanpoug,    25- 

ENGINEERING  NOTES.  -  The  Lake  Erie  and 
Pitt^bu^g  Ship  Canal;  The  Water  Railway;  Preserving 
the  Sacramento  River,  25. 

GOOD  HEALTH.— Poison  in  Pickles;  Falling  From 
a  Hight;  Coffin  Nails,  25. 

QSEt'DL  INFORMATION-— Briquette-Making  in 
Pennsylvania;  The  Whale;  To  Lessen  Accidents;  Ears 
as  Cigar-Uolders;  First  American  Coal  to  Biazil;  To 
Take  Out  Grease  From  Marble;  Home  Hand-Grenades; 
To  Berlin  by  Sea,  25. 

MINING  STOCK  MARKET.— Sales  at  the   San 
Francisco  Stock  Board,  Notices  of  Meetiners, 
ments.  Dividends,  and  Bullion  Shipments,  32. 


Business  Announcements. 

[NBW  THIS  I8SUB.] 
Engine  and  Boiler— J.  W.  Quick. 
Steam  Pumps— Van  Duzen  &  Tift,  Cincinnati,  O. 
KS"  See  Advertising  Columns. 


Passing  Events. 

The  nnprecedented  Btorms  hare  soaked  the 
gronnd  bo  fall  that  the  quartz  mines  have  more 
pumping  to  do  than  usual,  and  in  some  places 
heavy  snows  have  impeded  work  by  blooking 
up  ditohes  and  roads. 

The  railroads  in  the  State  have  been  having 
a  hard  time  of  it  for  acme  weeks.  Floods  in 
the  south  and  heavy  snows  in  the  mountaiDS 
have  given  the  division  superintendents  plenty 
to  do.  Up  at  the  Summit  they  have  had  16 
feet  of  snow  on  a  level  and  the  big  rotary  enow- 
plows  have  been  kept  busy. 

Since  our  last  issue,  the  mining  town  of 
Wardner,  in  the  Coear  d'Alene  region,  Idaho, 
has  experienced  a  disastrous  fire;  seven  persons 
have  been  killed  by  a  snowslide  at  Sierra  City, 
and  the  hoisting  works  and  shops  of  the 
Anchor  mine,  Utah,  have  been  burned.  The 
bodies  of  the  men  buried  in  the  Utioa  mine 
cave  have  not  yet  been  recovered,  nor  are  they 
expected  to  be  for  some  time. 

Word  has  been  received  that  the  only  suo- 
oessful  one  of  the  total-eclipse  expeditions  was 
that  sent  out  from  the  Lick  Observatory,  Cali- 
fornia, through  the  liberality  of  Ohas.  F. 
Crocker,  who  paid  all  the  expenses.  The 
party  met  with  clear  skies  for  their  observa- 
tions,  being  more  fortunate  than  the  Govern- 
ment or  private  parties. 

A  VAST  deposit  of  sand  was  some  time  ago 
discovered  in  Placer  county,  which  makes  very 
valuable  glass  material.  A  company  has  been 
inoorporated,  with  a  oapital  of  $50,000,  with 
the  object  of  establishing  a  manufactory  of  1 
glass  In  the  oounty  on  a  large  soale,  | 


The  Silver  Problem. 

In  last  week's  editorial  under  the  caption 
' '  Windom's  Silver  Policy  Defended  "  we  should 
have  entered  more  fully  into  the  outside  price 
to  be  paid  by  the  Government  in  Treasury  notes 
for  silver  bullion  deposited  in  any  one  of  the 
United  States  mints.  The  outside  price  to  be 
paid  is  $1  for  412,5  grains  standard  silver. 
Leading  bankers  in  this  oityconcurln  the  opinion 
that  by  standard  silver  the  Secretary  most  un- 
questionably means  the  United  States  standard, 
900  fine,  which  is  one-tenth  less  than  the  high- 
est commercial  standard,  1000  fine,  on  which  all 
quotations  are  based.  This  being  the  case,  then, 
in  412j|  grains  of  United  States  standard  silver 
there  are  371^  grains  of  silver  of  1000  fine,  so 
that  the  Government  will  pay  %\  for  each  and 
every  371^  grains  of  silver,  1000  fine,  which  is 
equivalent  to  over  $1.29  or  par,  for  each  and 
every  ounce  of  480  grains. 

As  we  have  before  said.  Secretary  Windom's 
plan  has  several  features  that  commend  them- 
selves, not  the  least  of  which  is  the  making  of 
the  United  States,  and  not  European  oountries, 
the  controller  ofsilver;  for  any  foreign  govern- 
ment wishing  silver  bullion  in  this  country 
must  either  enter  the  open  market  and  bid  up 
for  it  or  else  buy  United  States  Treasury  notes 
and  ask  for  their  payment  in  bullion  at  the  mar- 
ket value  of  silver. 

If  Secretary  Windom's  compromise  plan  is 
liable  to  receive  favorable  action,  bimetallists 
should  insist  upon  the  placing  of  gold  on  the 
same  footing  as  that  of  silver,  for  what  is  sauce 
for  the  goose  is  sauce  for  the  gander. 

Already  several  silver  bills  have  been  intro- 
duced in  Congress;  among  them  is  that  of 
Senator  Bland,  demanding  free  coinage.  This 
is,  by  far,  the  better  course  to  pursue,  and 
which  must,  sooner  or  later,  come,  not  only 
in  this  country  but  in  ;all  leading  commercial 
countries.  The  large  and  constantly  increasing 
growth  of  trade  demands  more  money,  either 
silver  and  gold  or  else  paper  oarrenoy,  based 
on  the  two  metals,  which  latter  can  be  de- 
manded and  at  once  received  on  presentation  of 
the  paper  representative. 

No  country  can  have  too  much  money;  his- 
tory from  time  immemorial  conSrms  this  well- 
established  fact,  and  therefore  the  United 
States  should  not  be  an  exception,  as  it  now  is, 
for  by  a  scarcity  of  money  corners  can  be  more 
successfully  run  by  the  unscrupulous. 

In  substantiation  of  the  fact  that  no  country 
can  have  too  much  money,  we  will  give  the 
statistics  of  the  amount  of  money  in  circulation 
at  latest  date  for  which  they  are  reported  in 
the  following  conntries  : 


Standards    of   Measure   and   Weight. 

The  Prototypes  Becently  Brought  to  the 
UDlted  States. 


Country,                   Paper.  Gold.  Silver. 

Germany 8207,561,732  §.142.720,000  $2]4,2'iO.CO0 

France 5ti6.59l,466  873,ii0n,000  5!*7,9!i0.000 

Great  Britain 203,534.617  587,683,000  93. 164.'  00 

United  States 913.581,833  375,917.715  110,485,452 

In  France  it  is  conceded  by  political  econo- 
mists that  the  masses  are  more  prosperous  than 
they  are  in  any  other  civilized  nation.  This 
was  fully  attested  by  the  alacrity  with  which 
the  call  for  the  German  indemnity  fund  was 
responded  to,  as  money  came  in  quickly  from  all 
classes.  Notwithstanding  the  heavy  losses  met 
through  the  FrancO'German  war,  France's  re- 
cuperative power  was  attested  by  its  again  soon 
taking  the  lead  in  general  prosperity.  No  one 
has  yet  had  the  hardiness  to  assert  that  it  was 
not  to  the  large  money  currency  of  that  country 
its  prosperity  has  been  and  still  is  largely  due. 
Although  bi'metal,  yet  France  holds  nearly  as 
much  gold  as  both  Germany  and  England  com- 
bined, which  should  put  to  the  blush  those  gold- 
bugs  who  fear  dire  disaster  if  we  fully  and  une- 
quivocally adopt  bi-metallism. 

John  Jay  Knox's  plan  to  perpetuate  the 
National  Banks  is  hardly  deserving  notice.  No 
paper  currency  should  be  issued  except  by  the 
National  Government,  and  not  even  by  it  unless 
redeemable  at  the  will  of  the  holder  in  either 
gold  or  silver,  or  both,  if  so  desired.  The 
National  Binks  were  called  into  existence  in 
perilous  times,  and  have  survived  their  useful- 
ness. The  National  Bink  notes  now  in  circula- 
tion should  be  replaced  by  Treasury  notes 
issued  by  the  Government  against  silver. 


The  fire  in  the  Anaconda  at  St.  Lawrence 
mines,  Montana,  is  practically  out.  The  mines 
have  been  sealed  since  Nov.  23,  but  were 
opened  this  week.  The  shafts  are  full  of  gas 
and  no  one  has  gone  down,  but  no  signs  of  fire 
are  apparent.  They  have  been  injecting  steam 
into  the  mines  ever  sinoe  they  were  closed. 


On  the  2d  of  January,  1S90,  the  sealed  boxes 
containing  the  prototypes  of  the  meter  and  the 
kilogramme  were  opened  by  the  President  of 
the  United  States,  in  the  presence  of  several  of 
the  heads  of  the  Departments  and  of  scientific 
men,  at  the  office  of  the  United  States  Coast 
and  Geodetic  Survey.  These  standards  are  one 
set  of  "national  prototypes,"  oonstruoted  un- 
der the  direction  of  the  "  Bureau  International 
des  Poids  et  Meanres,"  at  the  Pavilion  de 
Bretenil,  near  Paris. 

This  International  Bureau  was  organized  in 
1875  upon  the  previous  International  Meter 
Commission  of  1872.  In  1875,  16  Govern- 
ments, including  the  United  States,  formed  the 
International  Bureau,  and  later  four  other 
Governments  joined — Great  Britain  as  late  as 
1884.  All  the  work  and  experiments  were 
done  at  the  cost  of  the  Governments  subscrib- 
ing. The  standards  adopted  by  the  high  con* 
tracting  powers  were  the  "meter  and  kilo- 
gramme of  the  archived  of  France."  The  pro- 
totypes were  to  be  made  from  an  alloy  of  plat- 
inum 90  per  cent,  and  iridium  10  per  cent. 
The  meter  was  to  have  a  length  of  102  centi- 
meters, a  cross-section  nearly  X,  a  weight  of 
about  seven  pounds,  and  the  graduations  mark- 
ing the  meter  near  each  end  were  to  be  traced 
on  the  neutral  axis.  Standard  thermometers 
were  to  accompany  each  meter  and  each  kilo- 
gramme. 

The  form  of  the  kilogramme  was  to  be  a 
cylinder,  whose  bight  should  equal  the  diam- 
eter, with  the  edges  slightly  rounded  and  the 
designation  marked  simply  by  a  difference  in 
the  burnishing. 

The  accuracy  of  comparison  of  the  meter  was 
to  be  within  one-tenth  of  a  micron,  or  one 
two-hnndred-and-fifty-thonsandth  of  an  inch; 
and  the  *'  tolerance  "  or  difference  of  the  proto- 
type from  the  standard  was  fixed  to  be  plus  or 
minus  less  than  five  microns,  or  one  five-thou- 
sandth of  an  inch,  the  quantity  being  known,  of 
course,  to  the  one-tenth  of  a  micron. 

The  meter  of  the  archives  is  an  "  end  meas- 
ure," and  a  "provisional  standard,"  with  gradua- 
tions, had  to  be  determined  therefrom;  the  com- 
parisons were  made  according  to  a  method  pro- 
posed by  Fizeau.  There  were  many  difficul- 
ties to  be  overcome  in  this  measurement. 
Finally  the  new  provisional  standard  was  ac- 
cepted from  which  the  lengths  of  all  the  other 
prototypes  were  determined. 

These  preliminary  operations  were  carried  on 
through  10  years,  when  a  London  firm,  Johnson 
&  Co.,  was  selected  to  furnish  the  metals,  which 
required  18  months  of  continued  experiments 
and  trials  to  produce  In  the  required  purity. 
The  Messrs.  Brunner  of  Paris  constructed  the 
meter  bars,  which  were  rolled  by  several  opera- 
tions into  the  required  form.  To  the  "Conser' 
vatoire  des  Arts  et  Metiers  "  was  assigned  the 
graduation  near  the  ends  of  each  bar.  Then 
the  Director  of  the  International  Barean  made 
the  final  comparisons  of  all  the  d  ffarent  meters 
with  the  provisional  standard  and  with 
each  other,  and  from  a  mathematical  discus- 
sion of  the  obaervatioDS,  derived  the  final 
difi'erence  between  each  and  the  provisional 
standard. 

Among  the  different  kilogrammes  assumed  to 
be  standard  it  was  fiaally  agreed  in  1882  that 
the  kilogramme  Kill  in  platinum  iridium  should 
be  the  international  prototype,  and  the  limit 
of  "tolerance"  was  fixed  at  plus  or  minus 
0.2  milligramme,  and  the  comparisons  are  made 
to  the  one>ten-thousandth  part  of  a  milligramme, 
and  the  final  correction  given  to  the  one-thou- 
sandth part  of  a  milligramme,  or  the  one-sixty- 
seven-thousandth  of  a  grain. 

Many  supplementary  studies  were  necessary 
to  know  the  character  of  the  meters;  their 
rates  of  expansion,  their  length  between  gradu- 
ations when  supported  at  different  points,  their 
possible  change  of  character  after  long  travel, 
etc.  The  whole  subject  of  a  standard  ther- 
mometer was  investigated  and  settled.  It  is 
reported  that  the  length  of  the  meter  remains 
the  same,  whether  the  bar  is  supported  at  one 
point  in  the  middle  or  at  the  two  ends;  and  in 
the  comparison  of  the  kilogrammes  it  is  said 
that  two  weights  placed  one  above  the  other 
in  vacuo  differ  from  what  they  would  if  placed 
side  by  side,  because  the  upper  weight  is  farther 
from  the  center  of  the  earth.    If  weighed  in  the  | 


different  density  of  the  atmosphere  in  the  places 
of  the  two  weights. 

The  31  prototype  meters  were  distributed  to 
the  different  Governments  on  the  2Sth  of  Sep- 
tember, 1889,  and  on  behalf  of  the  United 
States,  Hon.  Whitelaw  Reid,  Minister  to 
France,  received  two  of  three  prototypes  of  the 
meter  and  one  of  the  two  prototypes  of  the 
kilogrammme.  These  were,  by  direction  of  the 
Secretary  of  State,  through  instruotions  from 
the  Superintendent  of  the  United  States  Coast 
and  Geodetic  Survey,  delivered  to  Prof.  George 
Davidson  of  that  service,  who  carried  them 
from  Paris  to  Washington,  where  they  were 
delivered  on  the  27th  of  November  to  Prof.  T. 
C.  Mendenhall,  the  superintendent.  The 
form  of  receiving,  transmitting,  opening  and 
identification  of  these  standards  was  based  upon 
a  similar  proceeding  when  the  standard  En- 
glish pound  was  delivered  to  the  United  States 
Mint  at  Philadelphia  many  years  since.  It  was 
originally  intended  that  Prof.  Davidson  should 
be  present  at  the  opening  before  the  President 
of  the  United  States,  but  his  duties  called  him 
to  this  coast. 

At  the  office  of  the  United  States  Coast  and 
Geodetic  Survey  in  Washington  comparisons 
will  be  made  between  the  new  standard  meter 
and  the  one  which  has  been  heretofore  the 
authority  of  the  United  States,  and  hence- 
forward it  will  be  the  absolute  standard  of  the 
United  States.  The  kilogramme  will,  in  like 
manner,  be  subject  to  comparisons  with  other 
weights,  and  their  relation  thereto  will  become 
known  and  the  standard  established  therefrom. 
Primarily  this  will  reach  the  coin  weights  of 
the  United  States,  to  which  earnest  and  ex- 
haustive experimentation  will  be  given.  These 
coin  weights  are  made  under  the  direction  of  the 
Superintendent  of  the  United  States  Coast  and 
Geodetic  Survey. 

Electrical  EngiDeerlng. 

It  is  noticeable  just  now  when  so  mnofa  at- 
tention is  being  directed  to  experimenting 
with  electric  street  railroads,  that  there  is  a 
Kreat  demand  for  "  electric  superintendents.'* 
A  good  many  of  the  failures  are  attributed  to 
incompetent  superintendents.  When  the  elec- 
tricians turn  the  roads  over  to  the  companies, 
in  what  is  supposed  to  be  good  running  order, 
more  or  less  difficulties  are  met.  Then  the 
ordinary  street-oar  superintendent  is  at  sea, 
and  an  ex-telegraph  operator  ia  not  any  better 
off. 

Here  is  a  field  for  young  men  who  are  willing 
and  ready  to  study  and  prepare  themselves  for 
the  work.  Those  who  are  expert  in  their 
work  now  have  all  they  can  do,  and  there  ia 
room  for  many  others. 

In  fact,  electric  engineering  is  a  coming  pro- 
fession. So  much  attention  is  now  being  paid 
to  electric  lighting,  electric  power,  electrio 
railroads,  etc.,  and  the  field  in  all  these 
branches  is  so  constantly  widening,  that  there 
are  opportunities  for  the  present  and  future  for 
those  with  knowledge  of  electricity  and  its  ap- 
pliances. The  young  men  who  now  take  up 
the  study  of  electricity  as  a  profession  will  be 
in  a  few  years  those  who  will  be  in  charge  of 
large  companies  and  work. 


Mining  Stock  Association, — At  the  annnal 
meeting,  held  on  last  Wednesday,  of  the  Min- 
ing Stock  Association  of  this  city,  all  the  old 
offioers  were  rC'elected.  At  the  meeting  a  res- 
olution was  introduced  and  nnanimoosly 
adopted,  instructing  the  president  and  sec- 
retary of  the  association  to  communicate  with 
the  Congressional  delegation  from  the  Pacific 
Coast,  asking  them  to  give  their  undivided  at- 
tention in  favor  of  the  free  coinage  of  silver. 


North  Bloomfield  OoNTEMPr  Case. — The 
old-time  North  Bloomfield  Mining  Co.  case  was 
up  before  Judge  Sawyer  once  more  the  other 
day.  This  time  the  company's  officera  were 
cited  to  show  why  they  should  not  be  punished 
for  contempt  in  hydraulicking  in  spite  of  the 
order  of  court.  The  matter  was  argned  by 
Statesman  Cross  of  Nevada  City,  and  taken 
ander  advisement. 


There  has  been  some  danger  of  a  strike  at 
the  Union  Iron  Works  because  the  managers 
desired  the  men  to  contribute  30  oents  a  month 
each  so  as  to  secure  the  services  of  a  surgeon  in 
case  of  accident.     The  men  obj  acted,  and  some 


oi  them  refused   to  work,  but   the  matter  will 
air,  the  second  disturbing  element  would  be  the  J  possibly  be  settled  wlthont  further  troable, 


Jan.  14,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


27 


The  Mining  Belt  of  Pern. 


The  Bsaln  of  the  Oerro- 

The  bftHiD  of  the  Cerro  ie  formed  by  an  irreg' 
aUr  circle  of  hills  aarroaodiDg  it  oa  all  aides. 
It  la  composed  of  a  series  of  small  terraced 
plaioB  and  of  a  low  central  ridge,  the  site  of  the 
town  and  the  larger  part  of  the  mines.  The 
central  ridge  is  the  Cerro  (bill)  de  Pisoo.  It  is 
about  one  and  onehaU  miles  long  Ly  three- 
foaiths  of  a  mile  wide.  The  town  is  laid  out 
on  its  backbone  and  eastern  slope,  while  its 
western  slope  is  substantially  occupied  by  a 
series  of  immense  quarries  or  open  cute  called 
tajo»  or  tajoB  abiertos.  Mines  have  been  worked 
to  a  greater  or  leas  extent  over  all  parts  of  the 
ridge,  as  well  as  on  some  of  the  hilla  bordering 
the  basin.  Many  of  the  mine-openings  are 
inside  of  yards  in  the  town,  some  are  in  the 
streets,  and  the  majority  now  worked  are  in  or 
arOQod  the  Ufjon.  The  altitude  of  the  town  is 
14,193  feet  above  sea  level. 

The  most  striking  feature  of  the  place  is 
formed  by  the  huge  tajon  whioh  line  the  west- 
ern slope  of  the  ridge  and  puss  into  and  through 
the  town  limits,  threatening  its  (xistenop,  aa 
Indicated  by  the  ruined  buildings  around  the 
edges  of  the  pits.  Huge  cracks  in  the  ground 
adjacent  to  these  tajos  are  constantly  opening 
and  perhaps  closing,  but  attract  no  notice  from 
the  residents,  except  in  the  case  of  the  apeoial 
family  whoaii  dwelling  commences  to  fall. 

The  tpjoa  were  formed  originally  by  the  cav- 
ing] of  the  mines.  Daring  250  years,  since 
1630,  the  miners  have  been  burrowing  like 
moles  under  the  aurface,  driving  here  and  there 
in  a  mofit  onF^atematio  minner,  crodalng  and 
recrosaing  the  same  ground,  extracting  the 
richer  ore  and  dumping  the  poorer  where  most 
convenient,  and  afterward  returning  for  this 
poorer  ore;  andall  this  time  making  no  attempt 
toseoarethe  ground  except  for  the  moment,  or  to 
provide  for  future  operations.  They  have  ex- 
cavated huge  chambers  auderground  and  left 
them  to  stand  or  fall  as  might  chance.  An  un- 
told nnmber  have  fallen;  some  have  stood  and 
are  still  to  beaeen.  150  to  200  feet  long,  50  to  75 
feet  wide,  15  to  25  feet  high;  and  labyrinths 
of  connecting  passages  and  chambers  exist,  ao 
intricate  that,  without  a  guide,  one  dare  not 
penetrate  far  into  them  for  fear  of  getting  lost. 
When  the  Tajo  Matagente  first  caved,  300  men 
underground  are  said  to  have  perished. 

A  tsj9  once  formed  ia  constantly  enlarged 
by  subsequent  caving,  by  falling  of  the  sides 
and  by  quarrying  of  the  walls.  The  superficial 
area  of  the  tajoa  of  Sta.  Rosa  and  Tingo  (which 
connect)  is  about  41  aores,  of  Tajo  Matagente 

I 


ment  of  the  upper  zones,  a  result  intentitiad 
by  periodical  saturation  of  the  mass  with  water 
daring  the  rainy  seasons. 

The  climate  of  the  Cerro  is  nnasaally  whole- 
some for  those  having  proper  convenlenosa  of 
life  and  plenty  of  warmth  and  ventilation,  but 
disagreeable  and  trying  to  some  constitntiona; 
and  I  should  advise  agiinst  long-continued  resi- 
dence without  oouaaional  changes  to  warmer  re- 
gions. But  at  distances  of  eight  or  ten  miles 
from  the  Cerro   in  almost  any  direction,  by  de- 


andesites,  slates  and  sandstones  and  the  argen- 
tiferous formation.  Fig.  3  shows  their  relative 
positions.  Fig.  4  is  a  general  section  across  the 
basin  from  east  to  west,  so  drawn  as  to  include 
the  main  elemeota  of  the  rook  series.  If  the 
line  of  thia  section  were  traced  on  Fig,  3,  it 
would  ran  from  P.iriajirca  hill  southwesterly 
to  the  center  of  Tajo  S»nta  Rosa,  and  thence 
northwesterly  to  Pargas  ridge. 

[Unfortunately  we  have  not  space  to  give  the 
details  of    Mr.    Hodges'    obaervations   on  the 


TOPOGRAPaiOAL  AND  GEOLOGICAL  PLAN  OF  THE  CERRO  DE  PASCO. 


Bceading  the  steep  ravines,  one  can  reach 
places  where  ie  a  soft  and  pleasant  climate,  and 
where  the  vegetation  is  abundant  and  beautiful. 
Physical  Aspect. 
Fig.  3  is  a  general  topographical  and  geolog- 
ical plan  of  the  basin  of  the  Cerro.  The  whole 
region  around  the  Cerro  at  first  eight  ia  apb  to 
appear  dispiriting.  The  trails  are  rough.  Bar- 
ren  hills  of    limestone,   slate   and    aandatone, 


geology  of  the  district,  and  mast  confine  our- 
selvas  to  a  condensation  of  hie  remarks  on  the 
argentiferous  formation. — Eds.  Press.] 

The  argentiferous  formation  lies  between  the 
limestones  on  the  east  and  the  andesites  on  the 
west,  and  forms  the  central  ridge  on  whioh 
the  town  ia  built.  At  the  north  it  rapidly  nar- 
rows, as  shown  on  the  plan,  while  at  the  south 
its  boundary  is  undefined,  there  being  no  ex- 


SAN  ANDRES  PAMPA 


-1  Horizontal  -  i  Vertical- 


nOCK  COVERED  BY  BOGS 


GENERAL  SECTION  ACROSS  THE  BASIN  OP  THE  CERRO  DE  PASCO,  PERU. 


about  nine  acres,  of  those  of  Oayao  about  the 
same  as  the  last. 

It  IB  impossible  to  determine,  with  any  exact- 
ness, the  amount  of  material  removed.  The 
present  sides,  sometimes  formed  by  toppling 
crage,  vary  from  a  few  feet  to  hundreds  of  feet 
in  bight.  From  the  lowest  point  of  Sta.  Rosa 
tajo  to  the  top  of  Sta.  Gatalina  hill,  which  is 
moving  into  the  tajo,  is  a  measured  vertical 
hight  of  329^  feet. 

If,  for  the  aake  of  a  general  estimate,  we  as- 
Bume  the  average  depth  of  the  Sta.  Rosa  and 
Tingo  tajoa  to  be  100  feet  over  a  superficial 
area  of  1,800,000  square  feet,  we  have  180,000,- 
000  cubic  feet,  or  somewhere  near  9,000,000 
tone,  extracted  at  this  locality  alone,  from 
vertical  depths  ranging  up  to  350  or  perhaps 
400  feet.  The  removal  of  any  such  amount  has 
naturally  resulted  in  constant  caving  and  move- 


often  in  strangely-contorted  or  sharply'tilted 
strata  of  Jurassic  and  Cretaceous  age,  rise 
abruptly  on  all  sides.  The  pampas  are  rolling, 
generally  covered  with  short  green  grass,  and 
eapecially  in  the  wet  season,  abounding  in 
treacherous  bogs.  In  the  vicinity  of  the  Oerro 
the  numerous  mining  haciendas,  sometimes 
perched  in  unexpected  places,  form  quite  a 
feature  in  the  landscape.  Wherever  water  to 
run  stones  can  be  obtained,  even  if  the  supply 
is  only  for  a  few  months  in  the  year,  there  the 
ingenios  have  been  erected.  The  combined 
grinding  capacity  of  alltheae  haoiendaels  about 
185,000  tons  a  year. 

Geology. 

The  mining  belt  of  Fern  is  made  up  of  rocks 

of  Jurassic  and  Cretaceona  age.    In  and  around 

the  basin  of  the  Cerro  there  are  visible  on  the 

Burfaoe  limestone    conglomeratea,    limestones, 


ploratory  work  here.  The  area  developed  may 
be  roughly  stated  as  about  one  and  one-half 
miles  from  north  to  south  by  three-fourths  of  a 
mile  from  east  to  west.  It  is  very  fully  ex- 
posed for  a  maximum  depth  of  300  feet  by  the 
mines  and  iajoa  along  the  backbone  and  western 
alope  of  the  ridge.  Elsewhere  it  is  imperfectly 
open  to  inspection. 

This  formation  has  long  been  a  geological 
puzzle.  The  present  attempt  at  a  partial  solu- 
tion of  the  problem  dififera  from  all  preceding 
theories  on  the  subject  principally  in  the  respect 
that  it  combines  in  one  formation  rocka  which 
have  heretofore  been  considered  radically  differ- 
ent. The  dividing  line  between  the  surface 
deposits  above  water  level  and  the  "  deep  de- 
posits "  below  water  line  may  be  taken  roughly 
as  occurring  near  the  general  level  of  the  Quin- 
lacooha  tunnel. 


Above  the  water  level,  the  formation  oonslatB 
of  a  highly  metamorphosed  and  greatly  oxidized 
material,  of  constantly  varying  stracture,  color 
and  composition.  Over  a  large  portion  of  the 
town-ridge  there  is  a  hard,  compaot,  reddish  or 
yellowish  and  very  quartzose  cap-rock  of  ever- 
ohauging  thickness.  Below  this,  ae  a  rale,  the 
formation  is  softer  and  more  decomposed,  being 
sometimes  broken  into  loose  or  cemented  frag- 
ments of  all  eizes,  and  passing  by  all  gradations 
of  structure  and  hardness,  but  without  any 
evident  regularity,  into  earthy  masses  or  soft 
clays  or  sugary  sands.  The  smaller  fragments, 
whether  loose  or  cemented,  are  often  so  arranged 
as  to  present  a  alate-like  appearance.  A  hard 
gray  quartzite  is  frequent;  porous  material 
resembling  acoria  is  met  now  and  then;  and  a 
rotten  slate,  generally  pyritic,  is  not  uncom- 
mon. Local  evidences  of  stratification  may  be 
seen,  but  generally  on  a  limited  scale;  and  every- 
thing of  thia  kind  is  irregular  and  indistinct. 

The  rook  is  everywhere  very  eilicious,  always 
yielded  considerable  percentage  of  slimes  when 
crashed  wet,  and  everywhere  contains  at  least 
traces  of  silver,  of  pyrites  and  of  carbonate  of 
lead  (and  of  lime).  Very  rarely  is  the  silver 
visible,  even  with  the  aid  of  the  magnifying 
glaas,  and  then  principally  in  small  native 
Bcalea  in  connection  with  quartzite. 

It  is  noteworthy  that  the  decomposition  o 
the  mineral  constituents  does  not  always  pro- 
ceed gradually  from  the  present  surface  down- 
ward. Very  hard  and  very  soft  rocks  often 
adjoin,  and  large  bodies  of  solid  pyrites  in  a 
chaloedonic  matrix  are  found  at  varying 
depths,  and  generally  In  close  proximity  to 
greatly  oxidized  material. 

G-old  occara  in  the  merest  traces,  and  thal- 
lium has  ba^hi  detected  in  the  bnllion.  The 
condition  of  the  silver  has  not  yet  been  satisfac- 
torily determined.  All  direct  tEsts  for  ohlorine 
have  given  negative  results.  A  part  of  the 
metal  ia  unquestionably  in  a  metallio  state,  as 
may  be  seen  occasionally.  Undoubtedly  it  ex.- 
iets  in  varying  oombinationa  in  the  different 
classes  of  ores.  The  sulphurets  of  copper, 
silver  and  iron  are  common  to  the  formation 
above  and  below  water  level.  Native  copper 
ocours  rarely;  zinc  ia  reported  in  all  analyses, 
and  galena  at  times  rioh  in  silver  is  found  in 
bunches  south  of  the  large  oopper  depoaits. 

Below  the  water  level  there  ia  evidence  eaffi- 

dent  to  show  that  under  the  highly  altered 

Burfaoe  rock  there   are  slates,   sandstonea  and 

limeatones,    in    strata     which    (according    to 

Rivero),  like  everything  east  of  the   andesite, 

have  a  general  northerly  and  soath'^rly  strike 

and  an  easterly  dip,  which  contain  qnartz,  calc- 

spar,  pyrite  and  chalcopyrite  very  generally, 

and  often  in    high    percentages, 

and  in   whioh    rich    depoalta    of 

anlphnrets  and  occasional  native 

silver  have  been  found  in  times 

paat. 

After  a  long  study  of  the 
ground,  I  have  been  led  to  the 
conclnaion  that  the  aurface  rooka 
and  the  deep  deposits  are  made 
up  of  eaaentially  the  same  mate- 
rials and  differ  chiefly  in  the  de- 
gree and  kind  of  metamorphisoi 
whioh  they  have  undergone. 

My  impression  ia,  that  the  aite 
of  the  present  Cerro  was  once  cov- 
ered with  atrata  (more  or  leaa 
horizontal)  of  slates  and  sand- 
stonea, and,  to  a  certain  extent, 
limestones,  which  now  form  essen- 
tially what  I  call  the  argentifer- 
ons  formation;  that  these  strata 
have  been  repeatedly  tilted,  the  western 
portions  being  gradually  raised  until  they 
came  to  or  above  the  present  surface  line, 
and  naturally  are  more  broken  and  altered 
than  the  easterly  parts  which  now  occupy 
levels  below  them;  that  there  have  been 
varioaa  eruptiona  of  andesites,  which  rooka 
are  now  visible  on  the  west  of  the  argen« 
tiferoua  formation  on  both  sidea  of  San  Andres 
pampa;  that  accompanying  or  following  these 
eruptions,  there  have  been  ejected  from  below 
siliceoua  and  metalliferoas  solutions  whioh 
have  attacked  most  strongly  the  more  broken 
portiona  of  the  strata,  impregnating  them  with 
silica  and  silver  and  other  metals,  and  other- 
wise altering  them,  such  metamorphlsm  be- 
ing reinforced  by  subsequent  exposure  to  at- 
mospheric influences  and  intensified  by  buo- 
oeeding  eruptions  of    the  andesite;    that  the 


28 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Jan.  14,  1890 


limestones  at  the  east  were  deposited  before  the 
time  of  the  latest  upheavals  and  impregnations 
which  tilted  and  cracked  them,  and  formed 
and  filled  with  ore  the  veins  now  seen  in  them; 
and  that  the  last  period  of  the  geological  hU- 
tory  was  that  of  the  final  weakening  and  ero- 
sion which  gave  the  surface  rooks  their  present 
outlines  and  appearance,  and  of  the  deposition 
of  the  limestone  conglomerate  visible  at  the 
south  and  west. 

The  Famlico-GtAhbison  Decision.— In  the 
final  decree  in  this  interesting  mining  case, 
Jadge  Rising  said  :  "I  see  no  reason  to  change 
the  views  I  expressed  on  the  last  day  of  court 
in  Hawthorne  upon  the  rendition  of  the  verdict, 
in  substance,  that  the  form  of  the  decree  under 
the  findings  of  the  jury  will  be  that  the  apex 
of  the  east  and  west  veins  are  within  the  sur- 
face boundary  lines  of  the  Pamlico  location, 
and  that  these  veins  in  their  course  downward 
cross  the  aide  liue  of  the  Pamlico  and  enter 
the  Lakeview  ground;  and  according  to  Act  of 
Congress  the  plaintiff  has  the  right  to  follow 
them  where  they  go.  As  to  the  fourth  issue, 
the  jury  has  found  that  prior  to  and  at  the 
oommencement  of  this  action  the  defendants 
asserted  an  adverse  claim  to  property  of 
the  plaintiff,  and  the  plaintiff  is  therefore 
entitled  to  recover  costs.  So  far  as  the 
third  finding  of  the  jury  may  be  inconsist- 
ent with  the  first,  second  and  seventh 
findings,  I  decide  that  the  east  vein  and  the 
vein  exposed  in  the  Eagle  incline — at  least  at 
its  intersection — are  one  and  the  same.  ^  This 
fact  is  uncontradicted  by  any  evidence  in  the 
case,  and  the  vein  at  the  Eagle  incline,  there- 
fore, is  part  of  the  Pamlico  east  vein.  By  the 
finding  of  the  jury  the  defendants  are  entitled 
to  the  vein  exposed  at  the  Badger  Hole,  in  the 
Bellview  upraise,  and  extending  from  there  And 
connecting  with  the  Bellview  tunnel,  and  at 
the  Eartson  tunnel,  and  has  its  apex  in  the 
Lakeview  ground." 


tdlicatiojial. 


OF 

ASSAYING    AND    CHEMISTRY, 

KoomB46&47,  1  628  MODtHomery  St., 

2d  Floor  Moutgomeiy  Bl'fc.  |       San  Francisco, 
AlBO,  Evening  Claeses,  7  to  10  o'clock. 

JOHN  T.  EVANS,  M.  A.,  Principal. 


School  of  Practical,  Civil,  Mechanical  and 
MINING  ENGINEERING, 

Snrveylig,  ArcUtectnre,  Drawing  M  Assaying 

723    MARKET    STREET. 

The  History  Building,  Sam  Prahcisco,  Cal. 

A.  VAN  DER  NAILLEN,  PiesiaeDt. 

Assaying  of  Ores,  326;  Bullion  and  Chlorination  Assay, 

§26;  Blowpipe  Assay,  SIO.    Full  course  of  assaying,  150. 

I^Send  for  circular. 


HOPKINS  ACADEMY, 


NINETEENTH    YEAR. 
Next  Term  begins Aagnst  6,  1S89. 

A  first-class  School.    A  beautiful,  pleasant  home. 

Send  for  Catalogue  to 

W.  W.  ANDERSON,  Principal. 


THE    PIONEER    COMMEECIAI.    SCHOOI. 


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No  Taoatioms.  Bat  and  Bv^NlNa  Sbsbions 

Ladies  admitted  Into  all  Departments. 
Address:    T.  A.  ROBINSON.  M.  A..  President. 


HEALDS 


BUSINESS     OOLLESQB, 

24  POST  ST..  S.  P. 

FOB  SBVEINTT-FIVi:  DOI.I.ABS  THIS 
College  Instructs  In  Shorthand,  Type  Writing,  Book- 
Keeping,  Telegraphy,  Penmanship,  Drawing,  all  the  £n- 
gUen  brancbea,  and  everything  pertaining  to  buetoeBB, 
lor  bIe  full  monthe.  We  have  sixteen  teachers,  and  give 
Individual  instruotioD  to  all  our  pupUe.  Our  a«hool  has 
its  graduates  In  every  part  of  ths  State. 

iV^BND  FOR  ClBOniiAB. 

B.  P,  HEAZiD,  Fresldenl. 
0,  S.  HAIiETi  Secretary. 


RUBBER  FACTORY. 

Monarch  Belting. 


The  Plies  of  this  Belt  are 

UNITED  by  COTTON  RIVETS 

Which  hold  them  Brmly  together. 

Each  Rivet  is  Independent 

And  Follows  the  Stretch.    ' 

THERE  ARE  NO  STITCHES 

TO  BREAK,  and 

The   Belt    has   a  Smooth 

Surface. 


Hose,  Belting,  Packing,  Etc. 

ALL  KINDS  OF  RUBBER  GOODS  MADE  TO  ORDER  IN  A  FEW  HOURS. 

W,  F.  BOWERS  &  CO..  409  Market  St..  San  Francisco. 


PATENT  BAND  COUPLING. 

Best  Band  Coupling  in  the  World. 
Host  Simple  in  Application. 
Most  Powerfiil— Cheapest. 
Ball  and  Socket  Joint, 
Bight  and  Left  Screw. 
Works  Freely  and  Effectively. 
Gnaranteed  to  Stand  a  Fnlling  StraLa  TJn- 
eqnaled  in  Band  Couplings. 

Just  the  Thing  ibr  Large  Tanks  in  a  Dry 
Climate. 

WELLS,  RUSSELL  &  CO., 

TANK    BDILDBRS, 

MecMcs'  Mills,  Cor.  Missioi  &  Fremont  Sis.,  S.  F. 


IMPROVED  FORM  OF  HYDRAULIC  GIANTS. 


THE  ABOVE  COT  ILLUSTRATES  THE  IMPROVED  FORM  OF  DOUBtE-JOINTED  HY- 
DRAUIjIC  giants  which  wo  manufacture.  We  guarantee  purchasers  of  this  form  of  Giants  against  all 
costs,  expenses  or  damages  which  may  arise  from  any  adverse  suits  or  actions  at  law.  We  are  further  prepared  to 
furnish  SiDg^le-Jointed  Giants  when  required.  Prices,  discounts  and  Catalogues  of  our  specialties  of  Hy- 
draulic mining:  Machinery  sent  on  application. 

JOSHUA  HENDY  MACHINE  WORKS,  39  to  51  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco. 


HOISTING  ENGINES  FOR  MINES 


1,2,  or  4  Drums,  with  Reversible  Link 
Motion  or  Pat.  Improved  Friction. 


MASS  ONLT  BT  THB 


LIDGERWOOD  M'F'G  CO., 

96  Liberty  St,  New  York. 

34  and  80  West  Monroe  St.,  Chicago. 

197  to  203  Ooneress  St.,  Boston. 

PAOIPIO    COAST    AGENTS, 

PARKE  &  LACY  CO.,  San  Francisco. 

Send  for  Gatalogme. 


ESTABLISHED    1866. 


Pacific  Chemical  Works. 

HENRY    G.    HANKS, 

Practical  and  Indnstria!  Gbemist,  Assayer 
and  Geologist, 


718  MONTGOMERY  ST., 


'I 
SAN  FRANCISCO. 


iVWill  report  on  the  condition  and  value  of  any  mining  property  on 
the  Pacific  Coast.  Kare  Chemicals  made  to  order.  Inatruotions  given  in 
Assaying  and  Practical  Chemistry , 


PRACTICAL 


Books  on  Mining 

AND  IRRIGATION. 


PR  ACTIO  All  GOtD-MINING.  — A  comprehen- 
.  sive  treatise  on  the  origin  and  occurrence  of  gold-bear- 
ing gravels,  rocks,  and  ores,  and  the  methods  by  which 
the  gold  is  extracted.  By  C.  G.  Warnford  Lock.  788 
.  pages,  with  8  plates  and  271  engravings  in  the  text. 
4to.  cloth,  $15.  OO,  express  prepaid. 

IRRIGATION. —Egyptian  Irrigation.  By  W.  Will- 
LOc'dS,  with  introduction  by  Lt.  Col.  J.  C.  Ross.  This 
work  embodies  the  iofotraation,  coilected  during  four 
and  a  half  J  ears,  of  the  irrigation  systems  of  Egypt. 
Eneineering  questions^  such  as  si  It- deposits,  drainage, 
irrigation,  the  Barrages,  Hood  protection,  methods  of 
rfgulatlon,  locks,  etc.,  have  been  treated  in  detail.  367 
pages,  large  8vo,  with  26  plates  and  numerous  engrav- 
ings in  the  text.    Price  §15.00,  express  prepaid. 

MEXICAN  MINES.— Dahlgren's  Historic  Mines  of 
Mexico,  only  a  few  copien  l^t;  price  §26.00.  Handbook 
to  the  Historic  Mines  of  Mexico,  price  SI, 00. 


Descriptive  Catalogue  and  Circulars  of  Books  relating 
to  Aasaj  ing,  Mining,  Electricity  and  Mechanical  Engineer 
ng,  sent  free  on  application. 

E.  &  F.  N.  SPON,  Publishers, 

12  Cortlsndt  St.,  New  Tork.  ■ 


FOR  SALE  CHEAP. 


One  new  double  circular  Sawmill  to  carry  60-inch  bot- 
tom saw,  with  wrought-iton  hangers  for  top  saw.  Fric- 
tion feed-works,  patent  steel  screw  double-throw  head- 
blocks,  with  track  iron,  saw  carriage  and  frame  complete, 

BISOON  IRON  &  LOCOMOTIVE  WORKS, 

San  Francisco*  Gal. 


FRANCIS  SMITH  &  GO. 

ManutacturerB  of 

Sheet  Iron  and  Steel  Pipe 


130  Beale  Street,         San  FranciBco,  Cal. 


Iron  cut,  punched  and  formed,  for  making  pipe  on 
ground  All  kinds  of  Tools  supplied  for  making  Pipe. 
Estimates  given.  Are  prepared  for  coating  all  sizes  of 
Pipe  with  a  composition  ol  Coal  Tar  and  Asphaltum. 


J.  C.  WILSON.  C.  A.  O'BRIEN. 

J.  MAGDONOUQH  &  CO. 

mPORTERB  AND  DBALBR8  IN 

COAL  AND  PIG  IRON. 


Principal  Office: 

41    MARKET  STBEBT,  CORNER  SPEAE. 
Yards: 

S.  W.  Oor.  Main  & 
Folsom, 

SAN  FRANCISCO. 


S.  W.  Cor.  Spear  & 
Folsom, 

[Telephone  No.  1864.] 


Tioga  District  Mining  Company, 

Incorporated  June  11, 1889.    Capital  Stock,  $10,000,000 
BUT  AND  SELL 

California  Gold,  Silver,  Quicksilver,  Copper 

and  Lead  Mines 

OP    ASCERTAINED    VALUE. 

Omce,  No.  13  PARBOTT'S  BUILDING,  N.  W. 

Corner  of  California  and  Montgomery  Streets, 

SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 

WM.  B.  WIGHTMAN,  Free.      WM.  H.  V.  CRONISE,  See. 


VAN   DUZEN'S 

STEAIMjetPUMP 

For  MILLS,  FACTORIES,  SHOPS,  ETC. 

For  Elevatiotr  aii<i  fitnvejine  Ijiquirts. 
For  Emptjinc  Pit'^'.  Sinhs,  C'cn.siioo1n,  etc., 

and  a«  n  Fire  Pump. 
lOSlxeN.  STloS^S.  Every  Pomp  warranted. 

Write  for  iJescriptive  Pump  Circular,  y, 

VAN    DU2EN   4.  TIFT,  CINCINNATI.  O. 


THE  RUSSELL  PROCESS  COMP'Y, 

TALCOTT  H.  RUSSELL,  Secretary, 
NEW  HAVEN  CONN. 

p.  O.  Box  498. 


FOR  RENT,  CHEAP. 

BRICK  BUILDING  at  corner  of  Folsom  and  Nineteenth 
streets,  in  aubdivieions,  floors  or  parte  of  floors.  Will 
furnish  power  and  ^ive  leases. 

CHARLES  ASHTON, 
41 1  Montgomery  Street,  S.  F. 


i< 


WITTER'S  SPRINGS."  f.^X'°^ 

miles  east  of  Ukiah.  Comfortable  Hotel.  Quiet  Cabins. 
Lovely  Scenery.  Low  Charges.  Its  waters  are  a  sure 
cure  for  Dropsy,  Sorofulous  and  Sldn  BtseaseB,  Bheuma* 
siBm,  etc.    Addrefle  H   Ij.  0BNIO.  Upper  Lake. 


Jan.  11.  1890,] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


29 


Notices  of  Recent  Patents. 

Among  the  paWnta  recently  obtained  through 
Dewey  A  Co.'b  Scikntipic  Pesss  U.  S.  and 
Foreign  Patent  Agency,  the  foUowiog  are 
worthy  of  special  mention: 

HyuRANxCociUNo.— S.  M.  Hackley,  S.  F. 
No.  418,51.^.  D^ted  Deo.  31,  1SS9.  This  U 
one  of  that  claM  of  coapliogi  etpeoially  adapted 
for  conneotiog  the  hose  with  the  hydrant;  and 
the  obj  id  Is  to  provide  a  coapHog  which  can 
be  readily  and  qaickty  manipulated,  forminf;  a 
watAT-tight  j  )iDt.  The  Invention  coneistB  In  a 
two-part  Bwinging  or  bioged  coapliog  applied  to 
the  end  of  the  hose  and  aatomatically  tighten* 
ing  itse  f  under  the  pressure  of  water  on  to  the 
hydrant  screw. 

SrcTios  Dredqk. — John  W.  Brown,  S.  F., 
assignor  to  the  Golden  State  aod  Miners'  Iron 
Works.  No.  418,496.  D*ted  Dec.  31.  18S9 
This  improvement  in  snotion  dredges  oonaista 
of  an  improved  constraction  of  what  is  termed 
the  '*  ladder-J9ict,"at  which  poiot  the  vertio* 
ally  movable  sac t ion-pipe  is  connected  with 
the  stationary  portion  of  the  pipe  which  is 
fixed  npon  the  scow.  By  the  oonftrootion 
adopted  the  inventor  greatly  simplifies  t&e 
joint  oooneoting  the  movable  and  stationary 
sections  of  the  soction-pipe,  and  also  the  joar* 
nals  or  trunnions  about  which  the  movable 
portions  are  raised  or  depressed. 

Sbttino  Spru  AND  Cage  for  Dredgers. — 
Alonzo  P.  Paysoo,  S.  F.,  assignor  to  the  G  >lden 
Bute  and  Miners' Iron  Works.  No.  418,471. 
Dated  Dec.  31,  1SS9.  The  invention  relates  to 
a  device  for  moving  and  setting  the  scow 
upon  which  a  dredging  apparatus  is  carried,  so 
that  the  scow  may  be  advauced  to  a  certain 
distanoe,  which  distance  istqaal  to  the  amount 
of  cut  which  can  be  excavated  by  the  dredger. 
It  consists  of  a  supplemental  spud  movitg  ver- 
tically in  guides  upon  a  frame  at  one  side  of  the 
dredger  scow,  guiding  channels  fixed  to  the  side 
of  the  scow,  so  that  the  spud  passes  down 
through  these  channels,  the  length  of  these 
channels  being  equal  to  the  distance  which  it  is 
desired  to  advance  the  scow  from  time  to  time, 
and  in  connection  with  this  a  chain  or  rope 
passing  around  the  pulleys  and  connecting  the 
independent  epud'frame  with  the  gipsy  by 
which  power  may  be  applied  to  haul  the 
dredge  forward  the  length  of  the  guide-slot  or 
channel. 

Pulverizer  and  Concentrator.  —  Irwin 
W.  Helwip,  Pottstown,  Pa.,  assignor  of  one- 
half  to  S.  K.  SaodgrasB,  Dlaware,  Ohio.  No. 
418  514.  Dited  D.o.  31,  1839.  This  is  a  device 
for  pulveriziog  and  concentrating  gravel,  earth, 
or  other  auriferous  material,  and  is  especially 
adapted  for  use  in  placer  mines,  where  the 
earthy  material  needs  to  be  broken  and  pulver- 
ized in  order  to  separate  the  gold.  It  consistB 
essentially  of  the  combination  with  a  pulverizer 
and  its  operatint^  mechanism  of  a  vibrating 
concentrator,  having  its  bottom  formed  of  wave- 
like surfaces  and  depressions,  and  having 
ledges  overhanging  the  pocketo,  means  for 
vibrating  the  concentrator  and  an  Inclined 
chute  between  the  pulverizer  and  concentrator. 

Shirt. — Frank  Batter  of  Slide,  Humboldt 
county,  assignor  of  one-third  to  P.  C.  L'ivar, 
Sumner,  0.  No.  418  639.  Dited  Dic.  31, 1889. 
Great  discomfort  is  often  caused  to  the  wearers 
of  shirts  by  reason  of  the  pressure  upon  the 
outer  end  of  the  back  collar-button  which  is 
transferred  to  the  bones  of  the  spinal  column 
with  greater  or  lees  severity.  This  invention 
is  designed  to  do  away  with  this  difficulty  by 
the  use  of  the  flexible  tapes  attached  to  the 
inner  portion  of  the  shirt-band,  so  as  to  pass 
throuftb  the  button-boles  of  the  band  and  be 
secured  by  a  peculiarly  conetrnoted  pin,  which 
may,  if  desired,  also  pass  throogh  a  buttou*hole 
in  the  center  back  portion  of  the  tie,  so  as  to 
hold  that  in  place  at  the  same  time. 

List  of  U.S.  Patents  for  Pacific  Coast 
Inventors, 

The  following  brief  list  by  telegraph,  for  Jan.  8, 
will  appear  more  complete  on  receipt  of  mail  advices: 

Cftlifornia— Henry  Anderson  of  San  Franciaco,  me- 
tallic roofiog^;  Henry  Biyan  of  Mode-to,  t-hoe  for  thraab- 
iDg  macT'Oe;  Robert  B.  Davis  of  Sao  Diego,  wave  motor; 
Loyd  C.  Tibert  of  Sao  Francisco,  oat-huUer;  Patrit;k  F. 
Dancao  of  Sao  FiaDcfS'to,  •  Uchar^e  door  for  Bteam- 
U^bters  and  retorts;  Julius  Finck  of  San  Francisco,  an- 
Donciator;  John  J.  Griffith  of  San  Bernardi  o,  track 
pau^e  and  foldingr  bedacreen;  John  L.  Hazlett  ot  San 
Francisco,  combined  ruler  and  p«ncil  sharpener;  F.  Lit- 
tleptge  of  Sao  Jose,  wdl-boring'  appaiatus;  Bartl^stt 
Mclntire  of  San  Francisco,  saw--ettiDg  machine:  Leoni- 
das  C.  Presaley  of  Brookhn,  N.  Y.,  and  W,  Lumbard  of 
Wheatland,  CaL.  check-cotter;  Olaf  Quist  of  Colton,  life- 
preserver;  A  fred  J.  Salisbury  of  Hueneme,  wind-mill 
povemors;  Joseph  Thompson  of  Dec  to,  knife-cleaner; 
Benjamin  Walton  of  Compton,  bird-trap;  Peter  Weland- 
er  of  Sao  Francisco,  ventUator  for  boo^  or  shoes. 


Market-PIace  Scene  in  Nicaragua. 

{Concluded  from  page  10  ) 

There  will  be  live  entrances  and  tbe  building 
will  contain  50  rooms.  In  the  center  of  the 
building,  faoioK  west,  there  will  be  a  large 
leoture-toom,  provided  with  all  the  necessary 
tables  and  instruments  used  in  demonatratioD, 
and  capable  of  accommodating  '200  persons. 

Three  rooms,  each  communicating  with  one 
another,  and  so  arranged  as  to  be  made  as  one, 
will  be  provided  for  laboratory  porposes.  The 
dim<>niiinnt  of  the  rooms  are  as  follows:  oS  2x 
32  0;  4<J  9x3s  -i;  34x3S  4.  In  the  old  building 
•ocommodations  were  provided  for  only  60 
•todents,  whereas  in  the  new  one  ample  room 
is  provided  for  *200  students. 

The  capacity  of  the  institution  will  be  more 
than  trebled.  A  small  lecture-room  will  be 
made  for  special  purposes;  also  several  rooms 
in  which  students  can  pursue  their  studies  in 
special  subjects,  and  other  rooms  for  general 
use  connect  d  with  the  laboratories,  such 
as  storerooms,  sitting-rooms,  and  rooms  for 
study. 

Oa  the  north  side  of  the  building  a  museum- 
room  will  be  bnilt.  A  wing,  to  extend  from 
the  north  end  of  the  structure,  size  43  6x27-10, 
will  be  used  as  an  organic  laboratory  and  a 
combustion  and  store  room,  and  in  the  court, 
about  the  center  of  which  will  be  the  complete 
building,  there  will  be  6ve  rooms  to  be  used  as 
reading,  sitting  rooms,  etc. 

The  present  design  calls  for  ample  accommo- 
dations for  12d  students,  which  is  double  the 
capacity  as  now  provided  in  the  south  hall. 


Attention,  Southern  California  Kiners. 

WORKS  FOR  5ALE. 
The  Works  are  situated  at  Daggett,  Cal ,  in  the 
Calico  Mining  District,  and  on  side-track  of  the  At- 
lantic and  Pacihc  Railroad.  They  contain  a  first- 
class  so-horse  power  Engine  and  45-horse  power 
boiler,  with  Ore  Crusher  and  other  machinery.  Mill 
Scales.  Assaying  Outfit,  etc.,  all  nearly  new.  .WiO 
upon  the  premises  an  ctlice  building  and  a  comfort- 
able duelUng  house  (portable).  The  :>bove  can  be 
had  ata  bargain.  Apply  to  GILLISPY  &  CHILD5 
123  C^lilornia  Sl,  San  Francisco. 


Complimentary  Samples. 

Persons  receiving  this  paper  marked  are  re- 
quested to  examine  its  contents,  term  of  sub- 
scription, and  give  it  their  own  patronage,  and 
as  far  aa  practicable  aid  in  circulating  the 
jotanal,  and  making  its  value  more  widely 
known  to  others,  and  extending  its  influence  in 
the  catise  it  faithfully  serves.  Subscription 
rate,  $3  a  year.  Extra  copies  mailed  for  10 
cents,  if  ordered  soon  enough.  If  already  a 
■nbsariber,  please  ahow  the  paper  to  others. 

On  Wednesday  five  miners  were  buried  by  a 
oave  in  the  Victor  ooal  mines,  near  Trinidad, 
Colo. 


Academy  of  Sciences. 

The  aunnal  meeting  of  the  California  Acad- 
emy of  Sciences  was  held  on  Monday  evening 
last.  The  Committee  on  Election  announced 
that  Dr.  H.  W.  Harkness  had  been  elected 
president  for  the  ensuing  year  by  S9  votes  out 
of  127  cast.  The  following  other  officers  were 
elected  :  First  Vice-President,  H.  H.  Behr; 
second  vice-president.  Geo.  H^waton;  corre- 
eponding  secretary,  F.ederick  Gaizbow;  re- 
cording aeoretary,  J.  R.  Scuphan;  treasurer,  I 
E.  Thayer;  librarian,  '.Prof.  Carlos  Troyer;  di- 
rector of  mneenm,  J.  Qr.  Cooper.  Trnatees — 
Chas.  F.  Crocker.  D.  E.  Hayes,  S.  W.  Hoi 
laday,  Geo.  C.  Perkins,  E.  J.  Molera,  Irving 
M.  Scott,  John  Taylor, 

The  president  read  his  report,  which  was  a 
resume  of  the  year's  proceedings.  According 
to  it  there  are  2o7  members  of  the  academy. 
Five  died  during  the  year  and  five  were  ad- 
mitted. 

Charles  F.  Crocker  as  chairman  presented 
the  report  of  the  trustees.  The  board,  immedi 
ately  on  its  election  last  year,  began  work  on 
the  academy  building,  and  at  present  nearly 
all  contraots  for  construction  are  given  out. 
The  building,  which  is  on  Market  street,  near 
Fourth,  will  be  ready  for  occupancy  before  the 
end  of  this  year.  A  review  of  transactions 
with  the  Lick  Trustees  was  also  given.  A  note 
and  mortgage  for  $300,000  had  been  signed  last 
September  to  the  trust.  Miss  Flood  had  been 
p^t id  $4500  for  interest  in  a  division  wall,  and 
$1200  has  been  received  from  the  Crocker 
Sn-ntific  Investigation  Fund,  out  of  which 
$960  had  been  paid.  The  Bank  of  California 
bad  been  selected  as  custodian  of  the  academy's 
money.  Most  carefnl  and  searching  investiga- 
tion bad  been  made  by  the  trustees  regarding 
the  new  building,  and  the  mode  of  constraction 
adopted  was  considered  moat  perfect.  The 
total  a'viount  for  contracts  given  out  to  date  is 
$218,346,  which  includes  entire  cost  of  building, 
txoept  elevators  and  glass  lights  for  sidewalk. 
Already  1^117,045  of  this  amount  has  been 
paid,  and  there  are  ample  fanda  on  hand  to  de- 
fray the  entire  cost  of  building. 

The  treasurer  in  presenting  bis  report  said  he 
did  not  segregate  the  various  items  so  closely 
as  in  former  years,  owing  to  the  baildiog  ac< 
counts  being  so  large  an  addition.  L^^t  Jinu- 
ary  there  was  a  balance  on  hand  of  $2936  06,  of 
which  $2185  04  was  from  the  general  fund  and 
$751.02  from  the  Crocker  fund  Daring  the 
year  dues  received  amounted  to  $1151;  interest 
fr'^m  Crocker  fund,  $1200;  from  general  fund, 
$1,375;  cash  received  from  L'ck  trust,  $288 
969.40;  rent  of  fence  at  new  bailding,  $425 
Tjtal  receipts,  $293  210  40.  which,  with  the 
balance,  amouncs  to  $296,156  46.  Ditbarse 
nrif'nta  were  as  foUowB:  Prom  Crocker  fund 
S960;  general  fund,  $270  029.93;  sundry.  $1.95; 
total,  $270  991  88.  Balance  in  Bink  of  Cali 
fornia,   January  1,  1890,  $25  164  58. 

The  recording  secretary  was  absent,  and  his 
report  was  not  submitted. 

Prof.  Carloa  Troyer,  librarian,  announced 
that  the  library  had  received  2193  volumes. 

The  Director  of  the  Museum  was  absent,  and 
did  not  present  a  report. 

The  Curator  of  Birds  and  Mammale  reported 
that  the  year  had  been  satisfactory,  although 
lack  of  funds  was  an  obstacle  in  much  work 
that  might  have  been  accomplished  otherwiae. 
A  committee  of  three  is  investigating  the  food 
habits  of  California  birds,  particularly  regard- 
ing their  deatrnction  of  fruit  trees,  etc.  The 
catalogue  recently  compiled  and  now  in  press  is 
the  first  one  on  birds  in  Lower  California.  The 
possibility  of  establiahing  a  zoological  garden 
near  the  city  is  looked  forward  to  with  great 
interest  by  the  Academy, 

The  Curator  of  Botany  reported  that  5164 
species  of  herbs  and  plants  had  been  presented 
to  the  Academy  daring  the  year  and  was  a  val- 
tiable  oolleotion, 


DELINQUENT    SALE    NOTICE. 
Booth    Gold    Mining  Company.   Location 

o(   i»riDclpal    place   of   buaiaess.   San    Francisco,   CaH- 

fornla.     Location  o(  Woiks.  Auburn,   Platf^r  Co.,   Cal. 

NOTICE.— There  U  delinquent  upon  the  following 
(]«8cril>(]  Stock,  on  account  ot  AsseasmeDt  (No  4),  levied 
on  the  '23d  dav  of  NovemtH^r  1!^S^.  tbe  seTeral  amounts 
eet  opp<)eite  tbe  names  of  the  respective  Shkreholdere, 
as  folluwn: 

No. 
Certiti<       No. 
Names.  cat«.      Shares.      Am't 

Richard  Cheoerj*.  Trustee 1«0         0,275      $125  60 

Richard  Chexery 17  &  10 

C  a  les  F.  Eaton 171  300  6  00 

Charles  F.  Faton 172  300  6  00 

t  barle-  F.  E  *ton 173  60  1  20 

R.  N.  Oaves.  Trustee «  aW  5  00 

E.  S.  IlarrisOD 177  1,000  20  00 

Geo.  R.  Soianey.  Trustee 82  312  6  24 

Geo.  R.  Suinnev,  Trustee 176  500         10  00 

E.  P.  SI08800,  Trustee ISl  5D0         10  00 

An'1  in  accoriaoce  with  l«w,  and  an  order  of  the  Board 
of  Dirertore,  made  on  the  23d  day  of  No  ember,  1S89,  so 
manv  shares  of  each  parcel  ol  such  Stock  aa  may  be 
necessary',  wilt  be  fold  at  public  Auction,  at  the  sales- 
rootn  of  Mid'JletOQ  i  Sbaron,  Ni.  tZ  Woi  tt'Omer^-  Ptreet, 
San  Francisco,  California,  00  UOXDAT,  THE  TWENTI- 
ETH (20th)  DAY  OF  JANUARY,  1S90.  at  the  hour  of  3 
o'clock  p  M..  of  said  day,  to  pay  said  Delinquent  Assess- 
ment thereon,  to«:etber  v^ith  costs  of  advertisiog  aod 
expenSiS  o!  the  sale. 

GEO.  R.  SPINNEY,  Secretarv. 

Office,  310  Pine  St..  Room  2S, San  Francisco,  Califoroia. 


THE  ROLLER  ORE  FEEDER 


[Patented  May  23,  1SS2.1 


DIVIDEND    NOTICE. 

Tlie  Geman  Mm  anil  Loan  Societi, 

536  California  Street. 

For  tbe  half-year  ending  Dec.  31,  ISS9,  a  dividend  has 
been  declared  at  the  rate  of  Ave  and  forty-hu'  dredths 
(5  -iO-lOO)  per  cent  per  annum  on  Term  Deposits,  and  four 
and  one-Dalf  (4  1  2)  per  cent  per  annum  on  Ordinary 
Deposits.  Payable  on  and  after  Thursday,  Jan.  2,  1890. 
GEO.  TOUBNY,  Secretary. 


BUTTE,    MONTANA, 

The  railroad,  mining:  and  commercial  center  of  the  new 
State,  offers  some  of  the  best  inducements  for  invest- 
ments in 

Real  Estate,  Mines  &  Mining  Stocl( 

of  anv  localitv  in  the  Nortnwest.  For  particulars  address 
T&e'Evana-Terry-Ciaussen  Brokeraffe  00., 
41  E.  Broad^pay,  Butte.  Montana. 


Thu  Is  the  best  and  cheapest  Ore  Feeder  oow  In  use. 

It  has  fewer  parts,  requires  less  power,  is  simpler  in 
idjustment  than  any  other.  Feeds  coarse  ore  or  soft  clay 
alike  uniformly,  under  one  or  all  the  stamps  in  a  batten) 
as  required. 

In  the  Bunker  Hill  Mill  it  has  mo  continuously  for  two 
years,  never  ha^'ing  been  out  of  order  or  costing  a  dollar 
tor  repairs. 

Golden  State  and  Miners'  Iron  Works, 

Sole  Manufacttirere, 
827  First  Street.  San  Francisco.  CaL 

HORACE  D.  RANLETT, 

Ores,  Mining,  and  GomiissioD, 

420  Montsomery  St.,  S.  F. 

Ships  under  advances  to  smelting  works  Ln  Boston, 
Sew  York,  Baltim  're  and  Liverpool. 

Twenty-one  years'  experience  in  Shipping  Ores  and 
Uanagin)?  Mines. 

Solicits  Consignments  of  Copper  Produca  and  Manage- 
ment of  Min'og  Matters. 

All  business  conducted  on  Cash  Baais. 

Purchase  and  shipment  of  MiniD«  Supplies  a  Spkcialtt. 

Sales  ot  Developed  Copper  Mines  undertaken. 

Business  Manager  of  U.>10y  COPPER  MINE,  Copper- 
opolis,  Cal.;  NEWTON  COPPER  MINE,  Amador  Co.,  CaL 

¥•0X1.    S  A  Ti33- 

Onn  Obmen's    12x12   Autoinailc   Eoglne; 

best  strle  in  usp    .ilso.  1  Boiler  4*  in  xl6ft.  Both  nearly 
new.    Applvto     .  .  W.  QUICK,  -A'Al  First  ^t.. 
(Top  Floor)  Sao  Francleco,  CaL 


JOSHUA  HENDY  MACHINE  WORKS, 

Nos.  39  to  51  FREMONT  STREET.  SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 


'  CHALLENGE "    ORE    FEEDER. 


"HENDT"    IMPROVED 
The  test  form  of  Feeder  ever  devised,  and  pronounced  by  reputable  mining  men  to  be  fai 
superior  to  any  form  of  *'  Roller  "  Feeder  manufactured.     We  refer  to  the  follow- 
ing gentlemen  who  have  furnished  us  with  testimonial  letters  to  the 
above  effect,  which  can  be  seen  at  our  office,    viz.; 

D.  C.  WiCKHAM,  Taylor  Mine,  Greenwood,  Cal. 


S,  VV.  Cbockzb,  Supt.  Bunker  Hill  Gold  Min- 
ing Co.,  Amador  City,  Gal. 
W.  G.  RoBEETS,  Greenwood, El  Dorado  Co.,  Cal. 


J.  R.  TKEGL0A2,-,  Supt.  South  Spring  Hill  Gold 
Mining  Co.,  Amador  City,  Cal. 


WE   AKE   MAXCTFACTtrEERS  OF  THE 


'CHALLENGE,"  "STANFORD,"  '  TULLOCK,"  &  "ROLLER"  FEEDERS, 

And  will  fnmUh  descriptive  Catalogues  and  quote  prices  upon  applioation. 


30 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Jan.  11,  1890 


DAVIDSON    STEAM    PUMPS. 

Risdon  Iron  and  Locomotive  Works, 


Boiler-Feed  Pumps, 
Tank  Pumps, 
Marine  Pumps, 
Wrecking  Pumps, 
Fire  Pumps, 
Brewery  Pumps, 
Mining  Pumps, 
Low    Pressure 

Pumps, 
Vertical  Pumps, 
Balanced    Hydrauli 

AND 

Heavy  Pressure  Valve. 


S.  E.  COR.  HOWARD  AND  BEALE  STS., 

San  Francisco. 


Sugar  House  Pumps. 
Railroad  Pumps. 
Vacuum  Pumps, 
Air  Pumps. 
Circulating  Pumps. 
Tannery  Pumps, 
Hydraulic  Pumps. 
Elevator  Pumps, 
Independent  Air 

Pump  and  Jet 

Condenser. 
Artesian  or  Deep 

Well  Pumps. 


The  Only  Steam  Pump  Made  that  can  be  run  at  High  Piston  Speed  without  Shock  and  with  Safety  to  the  Machine.    Piston  Eods, 

Stufflng-Boxes,  Valve  Seats,  Stems  and  Linings  of  Water  Cylinders  are  of  Best  Oomposition  Metal,  U.  S.  Standard. 
EVERY    PTJMP    THOROUGHLY    TESTED    BEFORE    LEAVING    FACTORY.  Sexica.    for    Oa.tAloS'U-es. 


Vulcan  Iron  "Woms, 


135-145  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


11 


f  stamp    Bitteries,    Pans    and    Settlers, 

\  "Dodge,"  and  Improved  Blake,  Rock-Breakers, 

(  "Dodge"  Pulverizers,  Slime  Machines,  etc. 


AERIAL  WIRE  ROPEWAYS. 

(VULOAN    PATENT    SYSTEM.) 

The   cheapest   and   most  reliable   form  of  TransportaUon  of  O-e,  Cjal,  etc.     Saves   four*fifths 
of  the  cost  by  any  other  method. 

SAW-MILL  )  (      CORLISS, 

REFRIGERATING     MACHINERY.     STEAM  ENGINES  \  Meyer  Cut-off, 
CABLE-ROAD       )  (    Slide  Valve. 

SPECIAL  MACHINERY  TO  ORDER. 


SHAFTING, 
PCI-tETS, 
BOXES, 

HANGERS,  etc. 


/REPAIR  WORK  SOLICITED. 


s  .ABATES     itflionxrE: 


BY    USING  . 


WATER  POWER  TRANSMITTED  BY  ELECTRICITY 

To  Run  your   Mills,   Hoists   and   Trams. 

For  Circnlar  giving  particulars  send  to 

KEITH    ELECTRIC    CO., 


—  MANOFACTOEERS   OF  - 


Apparatus  for  Electric  Light  and  Electric  Power, 

OFFICE,  40  NEVADA  BLOCK, 


ntory,  Stevenson  St„  bet,  First  and  Eoker, 


SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL, 


L.  C.  MARSHUTZ 


T.  a.  OANTRBLL. 


NATIONAL  IRON  WORKS 

N.  W.  Corner  Main  and  Howard  Sts.,  San  Francisco, 

MANUFACTURERS    OF 

Stationary  and  Compound  Engines,  Flour,  Sugar,  Saw 
and  Quartz  Mill  Machinery. 


AMALGAMATING  MACHINES.     CASTINGS  AND  FORCINGS  ^LXZl. 

ALL    WORK    TESTED    AND    GUARANTEED. 

IMPROVED    PORTABLE    HOISTING    ENGINES. 


NATIONAL  ROCKER  QUARTZ  MILL. 

KENDALL'S  PATENT,  AUGUST  24,  1886. 
O.A.X=*.^^CX7''Sr.    IS     7*0X18     Ixx     24     H.oxM.rm.      3   XX.    JE*. 

MARSHUTZ  &  CANTRELL,  Sole  Manufacturers. 

The  Patentee  and  Manufacturers 
cordially  invite  miners  to  critically 
examine  and  pass  judgment  upon 
this  improved  system  of  milling 
add  amalgamating  ores  In  the  fol- 
lowing particulars: 

1.  The  cost  is  less  than  one-half  of 
stamps  o(  same  capacity. 

2.  The  freight  to  mine  is  less  than 
one-half  of  stamps. 

3.  The  cost  of  erecting  is  less  than 
ooe-fourth  of  stamps. 

4.  The  power  to  drive  it  is  less  than 
one-half  of  stamps. 

5.  The  wear  is  less  tlian  one-quar- 
ter of  stamps. 

6.  There  is  no  wear  except  on 
shoes  and  dies. 

7.  In  point  of  amalgamation  it  Is 
superior  to  any  other  machine 
in  use. 

S.  In  its  simplicity  of  conatruction. 
We  challenge  competition  with 
Stamps,  Ball  Pulverizers  or  and 
other  ore  crushing  machines  now 
before  the  publia 

i^Send  for  Circulars  and  Price  List.  MARSHUTZ    &    OANTRBLL. 


PERFECT  PULLEYS 

First  Premium  Awarded  at  Mechanics'   Fair,    1884, 

Sole  Licensed  Manufacturers  of  the 

MEDART    PATENT    WEOTJGHT    EIM    PTJLLEY 

— /    For  the  States  of  California,  Oregon  and  Nevada,  and  the  Territories  of  Idaho,  Washington 
^  Montana,  Wyoming,  Utah  and  Arizona.     Lightest,  Strongest,  Cheapest  and 

Best  Balanced  Pulley  in  the  World.      Also  Manufacturers  of 

SHAFTING,    HANGERS    AND    APPURTENANCES. 
tS"  Send  fob  Circulars  akd  Priob  List.*^ 
Noa.   129  and  181  FREMONT  STBBBT  '    BAN    FBANOISOO,  CAL. 


PAT.  OCT.  25,  1881. 


Jan.  11,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


31 


AMALGAMATING  MACHINERY. 

stamp  Mills  lor  Wet  or  Dry  Crushing. 
Huntington  Centrifugal  Quartz  Mill.  Drying 
Cylinders.  Amalgamating  Pans,  Settlers, 
Agitators  and  Concentrators.  Retorts,  Bul- 
lion and  Ingot  Moulds,  Conveyors,  Elevators, 
Bruckners  and  Howell's  Improved  White's 
Roasting  Furnaces,  Etc. 


FRASER  &  CHALMERS, 

MINING  MACHINERY 


IMPROVED  CORLISS  vaVv°e%VIIm  ENGINES.     ^     BOILERS 


CONCENTRATING  MACHINERY. 

Blake,  Dodge  and  Comet  Crushers,  Cornish 
Crushing  and  Finishing  Rolls,  Hartz  Plunger 
and  Collom  Jigs.  Frue  Vanner  &  Embrey 
Concentrators,  Evans',  Calumet,  Collom's 
and  Rittenger's  Slimo  Tables.  Trommels, 
Wire  Cloth  and  Punched  Plates.  Ore  Sam- 
ple  Grinders  and  Heberle  Mills. 


HORIZONTAL.    VERTICAL 
.  .  .  AND  SECTIONAL.  .  .  . 


:ici«ix»]E^oinsi3t   mi^^M^im  m'^M.wKi^m 


Hoisting  Engines, 
Safety  Cages, 
Safety  Hooks, 

Ore  CARS,  Water  &  Ore 
BUCKETS, 

Air  Connpressors, 

Rock  Drills,  Etc. 

GENERAL  MILL  AND 
MINING  SUPPLIES,  ETC. 
Sectional  Machinery 

FOR 

MULE-BACK 

TRANSPORTATION. 


Pumping  Engines 

and  Cornish 

Pumping  Machinery, 

IMPROVED 
WATER    JACKET 

Blast  Furnaces  for 
Galena  &CopperOres, 

SLAG  CARS  AND  POTS, 

Roots  &  Baker 
Pressure  Blowers, 

SUSPENDED 

TRAMWAYS. 


(fletallijrgy  and  Ore3. 


SELBY 

SMELTING  and  LEAD  CO.. 

416  Kontgoniery  St.,  San  Francisco. 

GOLD    AND    SILVER    REFINERY 
And  Assay  Office. 

Highest  Prices  Paid  for  Gold,  Silver  and 
Lead  Ores  and  Sulphnrets. 

HABUPAOTURBHS  OF 

BLUESTONE. 

LEAD  PIPE, 

SHEET  LEAD, 

SHOT,  Etc.,  Etc. 

ALSO  MAMUFAOTURKfUl    OP 

Standard    Shot-Gun    Cartridges, 

Uoder  Chamberlin  PateDt 


General  Offices  and  Works:     FULTON  AND  UNION  STS.,  CHICAGO,   ILL. 


BRANCH  OFFICES;  "Tw^^TooTsZt^ 

Calls  de  Juarez.        LIMA,  PERU,  South  America. 
SOLE    WESTERN    AGENTS     FOR 


,  No.  2  Wair  St.  DENVER,  COLO.,  1316  Eighteenth  St.  SALT  LAKE  CITY,  UTAH, 
St.  LONDON,  ENC,  23  Bucklersbury,  E.  C.  CHIHUAHUA  CITY,  MEXICO,  No.  I  I 
JOHANNESBURG,  TRANSVAAL,  South  Africa. 

TYLER    WIBB    WORKS    DOUBLE    ORIMPBD    MINING    OLOTSS. 


THE     PELTOIT     WATER     "WHEEL 

GIVES    THE    HIGHEST    EFFICIENCY    OF    ANY    WHEEL    IN    THE    WORLD. 


^v 


OVER  800  ALREADY  IN  USE. 

Affords  the  Most  Simple  and  Reliable  Power  for  all 
Mining   and   Manufaoturing   Machinery. 

Adapted  to  heads  running  from  20  up  to  2,000  feet. 

From  12  to  20  per  cent  better  reeultB  guaranteed  than 
can  be  produced  from  any  other  Wheel  in  the  Country, 

ELECTRIC  TRANSMISSION. 

Power  from  these  Wheels  can  be  transmitted  long 
distances  with  small  lose,  and  is  now  extensively  used  in 
all  parts  of  the  country  for  generating  both  power  and 
light. 

APPLICATIONS 

Should  state  amount',  and  head  of  water,  power  required, 
and  for  what  purpose  ;  with  approximate  length  of  nipe ; 
also,  whether  the  application  U  with  reference  to  WheeU 
or  ^o(ors  described  below.     SEND  FOR  CIRCULARS. 

The  Pelton  Water  Wheel  Co. 

121  MAIN  ST„  SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 

itfl:oT?'c:> 

Varying  from  the  fraction  of  1  up  to  15  and  20-horae  power,     Unequaled   for  all   light-runninor  machinery.     Warranted  to  develop  a  given 
amount  of  power  with  one-half  the  water  required  by  any  other.     SST  SEND  FOR  MOTOR  CIRCULAR.     ADDRESS  AS  ABOVE. -^S 


<3nxr    '\A7'Jsjr:E^ 


JOHN  TAYLOR  &  CO.. 

IHP0RTBR8   AND  DSAIiBRB  IN 

ASSAYERS'    MATERIALS,    MINE 
AND  MILL  SUPPLIES, 

ALSO  CHEMICALS,    AND    PHYSICAL,  SCHOOL    AND 

CHEMICAL  APPARATUS. 
63  &  66  First  St.,  cor.  Mission, San  Francisco. 

We  would  call  the  attention  of  Assayers,  ChcmlstB, 
Mining  Companies,  Milling  Companies,  Prospectors,  etc, 
to  our  full  stock  of  Balances,  Furnaces,  Muffles,  Cruci- 
bles, Soorifiers,  etc,  including,  also,  a  full  stock  of 
Chemicals. 

Having  been  engaged  in  furnishing  these  supplies  slnor 
the  first  discovery  of  mines  on  the  Pacific  Coast,  we  feet 
confident  from  our  experience  we  can  well  auit  the  de- 
mand for  these  goods,  both  as  to  quality  and  price.  Our 
New  Illustrated  Catalogue,  with,  prices,  wilt  be  sent  on 
application. 

i^*  Our  Oold  and  Silver  Tables,  showing  the  value  psi 
ounce  Troy  at  different  degrees  of  fineness,  and  valuable 
tables  for  computation  of  assays  in  grains  and  grammes, 
will  be  sent  free  upon  application.  Agents  for  the  Mor- 
gan Crucible  Co.,  London,  England.  Also  for  E. 
O.  Denoistou's  Silver  Plated  Amalgam  Plates.  The 
plates  of  this  well-known  manufacturer  are  thoroughly 
reliable,  and  full  weight  of  Silver  guaranteed,  Ordets 
taken  at  his  lowest  prices. 

JOHN  TAYLOR  &  GO. 


Nevada  Metallurgical  Works. 

NO.  23  STEVENSON  STREET. 

Near  First  and  Market  Streets,  S.  F. 

C.  A.  Ldokhardt,  Manager.  Establishbd  1800 

Ores  worked  by  any  Prooess, 

Ores  Sampled, 

Assaying  in  all  its  Branches. 

Analyses  of  Ores,  Minerals,  Watera,  etc. 

Working  Teats  (practical)  Made. 

Plana   and  Specifications   furnished  for  the 
most  suitable  Process  for  Working  Ores, 

Special  attention  paid   to  Examinations  of 
Mines;  Plana  and  Reports  furnished. 

O.  A.  LUCKHAEDT  Ss  CO., 
(Formerly  Huhn  &  Luckhardt, 

Minlmr  Enelneers  and  MetaUurtrists 


JAMES    LBFFBL'S 

Mining  Turbine  Water  Wheel. 

These  Wheels  are  designed  for  all  purposes  where  limited  quantities  of  water  and 
high  heads  are  utilized,  and  are  guaranteed  to  give  more  power  with  less  water  than 
any  other  wheel  made.  Being  placed  on  horizontal  shatt,  the  power  is  transmitted 
direct  to  shafting  by  belts,  dispensing  with  gearing. 

Estimates  furnished  on  application  for  wheels  specially  built  and  adapted  in 
capacity  to  suit  any  particular  case. 

Further  information  can  be  obtained  of  this  form  of  construction,  as  well  &a  the 
ordinary  Vertical  Turbines  for  Wooden  Penstocks  and  in  Iron  Globe  Cases,  free  of  cost, 
by  applying  to  the  manufacturers. 


JAMES    LEPFEL    &    CO.. 


Springfield,  Ohio, 


or  110  liberty  St,,  New  York. 


FBASEB    Ss   OEALMBBS,  Qeneral  Agents, 

OhlcaKO,  111.,  and  Denver,  CoL 

PARKE    A    LACY,  General  Agents,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


CALIFORNIA    IRON  YARD. 

HENRY  J.  ROGERS  &  CO. 

Successors  to  CHA3.  CALLAHAN 
IMPORTEKS  AND  DEAL8HB  IN 

CAST  and  WROUGHT  IRON  SCRAP 

SECOND-HAND     BOII.ERS 

AND  OLD  MACHINERY 

Of  every  deaorlption. 

TIB  Higlest  Price  pail  for  all  MMs  ol  Metals, 

Offiob  and  Yard:    128  and  130  FolBom  St.,  S.  F 

Telephone  No.  67. 


FOR  SALE 

t   Hydraulic  Mining  Property  in  Soumem  Oregon.   Good, 
Extensive.    For  particulars  (Principals  only)  address, 

*'A.  M.,"  Box  77. 

Grants  Pass,  Oregon, 


THOMAS  PRICE  &  SON, 

Assay  OflOice,  Chemical  Laboratory, 

BULLION  ROOMS  and  ORE  FLOORS, 

524  Sacramento  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

COIN  RETURNS  ON  ALL  BULLION  DEPOSITS  IN  24  HOURS. 

WORKING    TESTS    OF    ORES    BY    ALL    PROCESSES. 

SPECIAL  ATTENTION  PAID  TO  CONCENTRATION  OF  ORES. 
Ores  Received  on  Oonsignment,  Sampled,  Assayed,  and  Disposed 
of  in  the  Open  Market  to  the  Highest  Bidder. 


U.   SOBTBL, 


^  METALLURGICAL     WORKS. 

I^\  318  Pine  St.  (Basement., 


Corner  of  Leldesdorff  Street, 


SAN  FRANCISCO 


Ores  Sampled  and  Assayed,  and  Tests  made  by  my 
Proceea. 
Assaying  and  Analysis  of  Ores,  Minerals  and  Waters. 
Mines  Examined  and  Reported  on. 
Practical  Instruction  given  in  Treating  Ores  by  im- 
proved prooessee. 

G.  KUSTEL  &  CO.. 
Hlningr  Enerlneers  and  Metallurcrists. 


GREAT     REDUCTION! 

BATTERY~~SOREENS. 

Best  and  Cheapest  in  America. 

No  imitation,  no  deception,  no  planished  or  rotten 
iron  used.  Only  genuine  Russia  iron  in  Quartz  Screens. 
Planished  iron  screens  at  nearly  half  my  former  rates. 

I  ha\e  a  large  supply  of  Battery  Screens  on  hand 
suitable  for  the  Huntington  and  all  Stamp  Mills,  which  I 
will  sell  at  20  per  cent  discount. 

PERFORATED  SHEET  METAL 

For  Flour  and  Rice  Mills,  Grain  Separators,  Revolving 
and  Shot  Screens,  Stamp  Batteries  and  all  kinds  of  Min 
[ng  and  Milling  Machinerj'.  Iron,  Steel,  Copper,  Brass. 
Zinc  and  other  metals  punched  for  all  uses. 

Inventor  and  Manufacturer  of  the  celebrated  Slot  Cut 
or  burred  and  Slot  Punched  Screens. 

Mining  Screens  a  specialty,  from  No.  1  to  16  (6neJ. 
Orders  promptly  attended  to. 

San  Francisco  Pioneer  Screen  Works, 

ai  &  223  First  St.,  Saa  Francisco,  Cal. 

JOHN  W.  QUICK,  Proprietor. 


This  paper  la  printed  with  In^  Manufac- 
tured by  Charles  Eneu  Johnson  &  Co,,  500 
South  10th  St.,  Philadelphia.  Branch  Offi- 
ces—47  Bose  St..  New  Yor^,  and  40  La  Salle 
St.,  Ohlcaso.  Asent  for  the  Faolflc  Coast— 
Joeepb  Hi  Oorety,  630  Oommerciai  St.,  S  F. 


32 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Jan.  11,  1890 


II]af(ket  Reports. 


Local  MarJiets. 

San  Francisco,  Jan.  9,  1890. 
General  trade  continues  quiet,  yet  the  trade  is 
more  hopeful  than  for  years,  particularly  since  the 
cold  weather  set  in,  which  has  frozen  the  snow, 
causing  it  to  become  more  compact,  and  gives  more 
assurance  of  a  long  summer  supply  of  water.  The 
money  market  is  beginning  to  work  easier,  which 
will  be  more  pronounced  when  the  large  sums  paid 
in  for  taxes  are  put  in  circulation.  The  East  re- 
ports an  easier  tendency.  This  is  reflected  in  the 
strength  of  sterling  exchange.  The  latter  is  in  de- 
mand for  remitting  interest  and  dividends  abroad. 
An  Eastern  authority  on  the  disbursements  of 
money  for  the  payment  of  interest  and  dividends  in 
this  month  presents  a  compilation  of  figures,  show- 
ing that  the  interest  payments  for  1S89  by  railways 
and  cognate  corporations  will  amount  to  $238,370,- 
242,  agamst  $210,289,281  in  1888,  an  increase 
of  $27,780,961,  while  the  dividend  payments  will 
foot  up  to  $[02,091,089,  against  $106,341,399  in 
1888,  a  decrease  ot  $4,250,310,  leaving  the  total  dis- 
bursements for  interest  and  dividends  at  $340,461,- 
331,  compared  with  $316,730,680  in  1888,  a  net  gain 
of  $23  730.651. 

MEXICAN  DOLLARS— Thfe  market,  although 
still  inactive,  shows  a  slightly  belter  inquiry.  The 
market  held  steady  at  75?^,  but  at  the  close  shows 
more  strength  with  an  advancing  tendency, 

SILVER— Purchases  the  past  week  were  made 
by  the  Government  at  96  cents  up  to  and  in- 
cluding Tuesday.  Exporters  were  irregular,  bidding 
all  the  way  from  95  5^  1095.85.  The  close  money 
marJtet  is  said  to  have  been  against  a  more  active 
inquiry.  The  strong  and  higher  rates  for  sterling 
exchange  is  in  favor  of  a  better  export  movement, 
which,  combined  with  an  easier  money  market, 
ought  to  bring  about  still  higher  prices.  The 
Carson  mint  continues  to  use  the  silver  output  of  the 
Comstock  mines.  We  still  adhere  to  the 
opinion  that  the  work  now  being  prosecuted  on 
the  Comstock  is  to  open  up  the  Red  lode,  which  is 
nearly  all  gold.  How  long  it  will  take  to  run  into 
this  lode  it  is  hard  to  say,  also  iis  extent  and  richness. 
There  is  nothing  so  uncertain  as  mining,  owing  to 
the  difficulty  o(  seeing  what  is  ahead. 

To-day's  (Thursday's)  telegrams  quoted  silver  in 
London  at  44^^,  and  in  New  York  at  965^0,  with 
both  markets  strong.  In  our  market  a  sale  U  reported 
to  have  been  made  yesterday  at  96.55  cts.  One  bank 
quotes  96^  cts.  as  bid  to-day,  but  sellers  name  97 
cts.,  with  nothing  doing. 

QUICKSILVER— Receipts  the  past  week  aggre- 
gate 66  flasks.  The  demand  is  slow,  but  the  market 
has  a  simng  tone. 

BORAX— The  market  is  reported  quiet  but 
steady.  At  the  East  the  demand  is  slower,  but  the 
market  is  strong. 

LIME— Receipts  the  past  week  aggregate  only 
606  bbls.  With  clear  weather  an  increasmg  call  is 
reported. 

LEAD— A  better  tone  is  reported  at  the  East, 
with  which  our  market  naturally  sympathizes.  There 
is  a  prevailing  opinion  that  the  market  will  do 
better.     European  advices   report  a   strong  market. 

TIN— Imports  the  past  week  aggregate  26,029 
boxes  of  plate.  For  spot  the  market  continues  easy, 
but  for  forward  shipment  prices  are  too  high  to  lead 
to  business.  Late  cable  advices  report  the  market 
weaker,  due  to  realizing  sales.  The  statistical  posi- 
tion is  in  holders'  favor. 

COPPER— The  market  steadily  advanced  up  to 
yesterday,  when  it  shaded  some.  The  weaker  tone 
is  not  accepted  as  a  bad  omen.  but.  on  the  contrary, 
as  a  more  favorable  sign.  There  have  been  free 
sales,  yet  the  market  at  the  East  and  abroad  has 
taken  all  and  at  improved  prices.  The  visible  stock 
the  world  over  is  largely  reduced  under  an  enlarged 
consumption.  The  movement  so  far  has  been  en- 
tirely free  from  speculation. 

IRON— Imports  the  past  week  aggregate  200  tons 
pig  from  Hull  and  135  tons  from  irondale.  In  the 
local  market  the  demand  is  still  slow,  but  now  that 
t^e  tight  money  market  is  tided  over,  an  improved 
call  is  expected  to  set  in.  The  markets  at  the  East 
and  abroad  are  reported  by  telegraph  to  be  very 
strong  under  a  continued  good  demand.  The  con- 
sumption in  England  is  reported  to  have  been  phe- 
nomenally large  in  1889,  while  the  exports  also  show 
a  marked  gain.  In  the  United  States  the  consump- 
tion was  also  very  large,  considerably  in  excess  of 
1888. 

COAL— Imports  the  past  week  were  as  follows: 
From  Hull,  501  tons;  Seattle,  2595;  Newcastle, 
N,  5.  W.,  7815;  Nanaimo,  1070;  Coos  Biy,  450; 
Departure  B-iy,  2350;  Philadelphia,  302;  total,  15,083 
tons.  The  local  market  is  reported  more  active, 
owing  to  cold  weather,  for  house  coal,  and  clear 
weather  for  steam  coal.  The  large  output  of  coal 
collieries  is  a  controlling  factor  af,ainst  an  advance  in 
prices,  as  is  the  advanced  winter  in  deterring  dealers 
from  carrying  liberal  stocks.  A  spot  cargo  of  Aus- 
tralian is  said  to  have  been  placed  at  a  concession. 
For  near-by  cargoes  the  market  is  hard  to  quote, 
owing  to  dealers  preferring  to  wait  arrival.  For 
prompt  shipment  it  is  difficult  to  get  a  correct  idea, 
owing  to  dealers  and  large  consumers  appearing 
ofiiih.  In  Austr.tlian  charters  there  is  nothing  new 
to  report  during  the  week. 


Eastern  Metal  Markets. 

By  Telegraph. 
New    York,   Jan.    9,,   1890. — The  following  are 
the  closing  prices  the  past  week: 
Silver  in     Silver  in 

London.  New  York.  Hopper,     Lead.       Tin. 
Thursday.... 43  945  SU  25       §3  90       $2100 

Friday 444  954  14  25         3  92i        21  20 

Saturday.. ..44J  95^  14  45         3  90         2120 

Monday 44^  95i  14  50         3  90         2110 

Tuesday 44^  954  1*  50         3  90         20  90 

WedDeadav..4H  5-16      96}  14  45  3  95         20  SO 

New  York.  Jan.  8.— California  refined  borax 
steady,  8^^@9c.  Quicksilver  strong,  in  sympathy 
with  London  cable,  68@7oc.  Copper  supported, 
salei  100,000  lbs.  Lake  Ingot,  i4J^c;  Arizona, 
I-  '  @i3lifc;  casting,  13c.  Pig)  lead,  $3.87K@3.92 
-  ;  single  car  lots,  >3-9S  February;  $3.97?^ 
-h;  $4  May. 


San  Francisco  Metal  Market. 

WHOLBSAIiE. 

Thubsdat,  January  9,  1890. 

Antimony— ^^  @     ~ 

EoRAX— Refined,  in  carload  lota 7  @       7 

Powdered  "         "        "    7  @ 

Concentrated      "         "        "    6»@      — 

All  grades  jobbing  at  an  advance. 

COPPEK—  „,   _       ^^ 

Bolt «..      21-@    -22 

Sheathing 22  @      24 

Ingot,  jobbing ^^  ^ 

do,  wholesale 15  @      16 

Fire  Bos  Sheets 22  («     24 

Lead— Pig 4  @       4 

Bar 5  @     — 

Sheet 7  @      - 

Pipe 6@     — 

Shot,  discount  10%  on  500  baga     Drop,  ^  bag.  1  45  («S      — 

Buck,  ^bafe 1  65  @     — 

OhiUed,  do 1  85  @     — 

Steel— English,  lb 16  @     20 

Canton  tool 9  @       9 

Black  Diamond  tool 9W       9 

Pick  and  Hammer 8  ^     10 

MatJiinery 4@       5 

Toe  Calk H@     ~ 

TiNPLATE— B.  v.,  steel  grade,  14x20,  P.  S 5  50  @     — 

E.  v.,  steel  grade,  14x21),  spot 4  95  @  5  10 

Charcoal,  14x20 6  75  ((»  7  00 

do  roofing,  14x20 6  00  @      — 

do,  do,  20i28 12  00  @     - 

Pig  tin,  spot,  ^  tt) 23  (*      — 

CoKE-Eng.,  ton,  spot,  m  blk 13  50  (ftlS  00 

Do,  do,  to  load J«  00  @      — 

Qdicksilver— By  the  tlask, H  50  @      — 

Flasks,  new '^ 

Flaatj.  old    

Chrome  Iron  Ore,  ^  ton 

Iron -Bar,  base 

Norway,  base 

Spot. 

fEON— Glengamock  ton 35  00  @ 

Eglinton,  ton 35  00  & 

American  Soft,  No.  1,  ton.. @35  00 

CireETon  Pig.  ton @35  00 

Puget  Sound 35  00  @ 

Ol^y  Lane  White (028  00 

Shotta,  No.l 35  00  Cd35  00 

Bar  Iron  (base  price)  ¥1  lb. . .      —  @      — 

Langloan  35  00  @ 

Thoi-ncliffe 35  OO  @ 

Gartsherrie 35  00  @ 


35  @ 
,  10  v0@- 


3@  3i 
43<g  5i 
To  Load. 
34  @  - 
32iC'»  — 
32i@  — 

=  1  = 

27lS  - 
32i@  - 


34  @  - 
34  @  - 


Coal. 


Australian  . , . 
Liverpool  St'm 
West  Hartley. 
Scotch  Splint. 


Per  Ton. 


TO  LOAD. 

Per  Ton.  I 

7  50  @  7  75lCardiff 9  50@10  00 

8  50  @ Lehigh  Lump..  16  50@17  00 

8  50  @  9  00  Cumberland  bk  16  00@16  60 

9  00  @  9  OOJE^g,  hard 16  50@lfl  00 

SPOT   FROM  YARD. 


Wellington S  9  uO 

Scotch  Splint 9  oO 

Greta    9  uO 

Weatmineter  Brymbo .  9  ijO 

Nanaimo 9  uO 

Sydney 8  oO 

Oilman 7    0 


Seattle 7  00 

Coos  Bay 6  00 

Cancel 12  00 

Egg,  hard 18  00 

Cumberland,  In  Backs  19  00 
do.  bulk 18  00 


The  Mining  Companies*   Financial 
Standing. 

The  following  is  the  financial  standing  on  the  first 
Monday  of  the  present  month  of  the  mining  com- 
panies listed  on  the  two  exchanges  in  this  city: 

Debt. 


$.. 


8,S49 
5,267 
1,089 


8,788 


Cash. 

Alta 8"43,186 

Alpha 9,687 

Andes 12, /53 

Bodie  Con §21.285 

Benton  Con 91,000 

Belcher 

Belle  Isle 

Best  &  Belcher 

Bulwer 15.740 

Bullion §3,864 

Challenge  Con 801 

Caledonia 82,287 

ChoUar t48,6S3 

Cod.  Cal.  &  Virginia 176,992 

Confidence 1,630 

Con.  Imperial 

Con.  New  York 1,890 

Commonwealth 

Crocker  

Crown  Point 

Del  Maute 

East  tjierra  Nevada 6,9  6 

Ex  hequer §29 

Gould  &  Curr>' 15,600 

Grand  ►'rize 

Hale  &  Norcross 

Holmes 

lud-^pendence 415 

Julia  8,674 

Justice t9,912 

Kentuck  

Lady  Washington 119,690 

Locomotive 1,842 

North  Belle  lale 

North  Conimoii wealth 

Mexican 

Mono §18,204 

Navajo 176 

Nevada  Queen 

Occidental 

Ophir 8,435 

Overman 16,332 

Peer 8,071 

Peerless 6  335 

PotOBi t4,754 

Savage tl9.456 

Scorpion 7,680 

Seg.  Belcher  &,  Mides 

Silver  Hill 14.616 

Sierra  Nevada 31,379 

Silver  King 

Staadard 

St   Louis 429 

Syndicate 7,817  

Union  Con 10.061  

Utah ; 14,9.12  

Weldon 4,017  

*With  proceeds  of  thesale  o£  concentrates  at  Salt  Lake 
to  be  received. 

tUnsold  bullion  to  hear  from. 

JUnsold  bullion  8129,574  and  further  shipments  to  hear 
from,  with S54, 000  In  dividends  and  mine  expenses  about 
!§43,900  to  come  out. 

§Wit(i  more  assessments  to  be  collecteil. 

llWith  an  offset  of  $19,000  in  bullion  and  another  ship- 
ment to  hear  from,  out  of  which  mine's  December  ex- 
panses (about  §12,500)  have  to  come. 

1  With  monthly  expenses  to  come  out. 


51,504 
+7,113 
114  371 


49,766 
t3,155 


32,876 
16,6-3 
41,340 


3,266 
t30,440 


15,445 


3,573 
+13,819 


Bullion  Shipments. 

We  quote  shipments  since  our  last,  and  shall  be 
pleased  to  receive  further  reports: 

Justice.  Jan.  7,  $7291;  Crown  Point,  7,  $9655; 
Occidental  Con,,  7,  514,272;  Hanauer,  i,  $2050; 
Navajo,  7,  $13  500;  Hanauer,  3,  $6900;  Con.  Cali- 
fornia and  Virginia,  7,  $44,870;  Hanauer,  5,  $4007; 
Savage,  9,  $29,978;  Con.  Cal.  and  Virginia,  4, 
$90,000, 


MINING    SHAREHOLDERS'    DIRECTORY. 

Compiled  every  Thurbdat  vkou  Advertisbmentb  in  thb  Mihing  and  Scientific  Press  ahd  other  S.  F.  Jodeham,' 

ASSESSMENTS. 


Company.  Location.  No.  Am't.  Levied. 

Adelaide  Copper  M  Co Nevada..  1..        l..Dec  31. 

Belle  I^le  M  Co        Nevada.  .13. . 

Btsfc  &  Belcher  M  Co Nevada.  .13. . 

Bullion  M  Co Nevada.  .35.. 

Bodie  Cod  M  Co California.  .11.. 

Booth  GM  Co California..  4.. 

Camp  Greek  M  &  M  Co California..  1.. 

Cou  Imperial  M  Co 26.. 

Con  New  York  M  Co Nevada..  2.. 

Calaveras  Blue  Gravel  Co California..  4.. 

Exchequer  M  Co Nevada.. 28.. 

Golden  Giant  M  Co California. 

Grand  Prize  M  Go Nevada.. 23.. 

Keotuck  at  Co Nevada-  .20. . 

Mayflower  Gravel  M  Co California.. 45.. 

Mexican  M  Co Nevada.. 39.. 

Mono  GM  Co California.. 29.. 

North  Occidental  G  &  S  M  Co. .  Nevada. .  1. . 

Natoma  Water  &  M  Co California.,  2.. 

Overman  SM  Co Nevada.. 61.. 

Palisade  M  Co Nevada. .  2, . 

Savage  M  Co Nevada.  .74. . 

Beg  Belcher  &  Mides  M  Co Nevada..  5.. 

Summit  G  M  Co California.. 11.. 

Trinity  Biver  Tunnel  &  M  Co. California. ,  2. . 
Teirakoffi  M  Co California,     " 


Delinq't. 

Jan  31.,, 
..Jan  8.. 
,.Jan  8.. 
.Jan    8.. 

Dec  17 


15.. Dec 
15.  Dec     4. 
25..  Dec     4. 
25..  Nov  11. 

2,  "       "'" 

2 

5. .Nov  22. 
15. .Dec  n., 

3.. Nov  15. 
25.. Dec  16., 

i..Dec  17. 
30.. Nov  21. 
30..Dtc  U., 
50. .Dec  27.. 
25.. Dec  21.... Jan  27 
25. .Nov  18.. ..Dec  23. 

7..DLC     2,       - 

5. .Dec  21, 
25.. Dec  31. 

5.. Nov  1 
50.. Nov  5, 
25.  .Jan     4 

5. .Nov  ]4....Dec  20, 
50.. Nov  27.... Jan    6. 


Nov  23.... Dec  28. 

Dec  30.... Feb  12. 
"  ..Dec  27. 
..Jan  15. 
.  .Dec  23 
,  .Jan  21. 
..Jan  23. 
..Dec  24 
.,Jan  14. 
.Feb    3. 


.Jan  6. 
,  -Jan  2f 

.Feb  £ 
.  .Dae  2t 

.Dec  10, 
,.Feb    6, 


Sale.     Secrbtart.  Place  of  BvaiNffis. 

Feb  28..WH  Graves 426SanBomeSt 

,..Jan  30..J  WPew 310  Pine  St 

. .  Jan  30. .  J  W  Pew 310  Pine  St 

..Jan  24.  .R  R  Grayeon 327  Pine  St 

. .  Jan  22.  .E  L  Burling 309  Montgomery  St 

..Jan  20.. Geo  R  Spinney 310  Pine  St 

..Mar  10.. A  a  Folger 213  Fremont  St 

. .Jan  15.  .0  L  McCoy .329  Pine  St 

..Feb    5..CE  Elliott 309  Montgomeiy  St 

..Jan  14.. B  Biutib 240  Montgoirery  St 

..Feb  U..CE  Elliott 309  Montgomery  St 

..Feb  12..H.TBrigg8 Downieville 

.  Jan  15.  .R  R  Grayson 329  Pine  St 

.  .Feb    4. .  J  W  Pew 310  Pine  St 

..Feb  25..JMorizio 328  Montgomery  St 

..Feb  18..  CE  Elliott 309  Montgomery  St 

..Jan  24.. B  L  BurliDg 309  Mo  tgomery  St 

..Jan  27. .WH  Watson 302  Montgomery  St 

..Feb  25.. PW  Ames 616  California  St 

. .Feb  26. .G  D  Edwards 414  California  St 

..Jan  30. .D  Buck 309  Montgomery  St 

..Dec  30.. E  B  Holmes 309  Montgomery  St 

..Feb  26. .E  B  Holmes 309  Montgomerv  St 

..Jan  14..BLBurling 309  Montgomery  St 

..Jan  28..LHPockman 28  California  St 

Feb  14., W  J  Garrett 308 Pine  St 


Dec  14.... Jan  21 
MEETINGS  TO  BE  HELD. 

NA.ME  OP  COMPAVT.  tiOHATION.      SbORETABT  OfPIOE  IN   S.   F.  MbETINO  DaTE 

Bald  Mt Extension  M  Co Califorijia..J  W  Orear Downieville Annual Jan  23 

Iowa  M  Co Nevada.. C  B  Higgins 2u8 California Annual Jan  14 

Piait.fi:  GilBon  M.  Co California.. C  Hermann 32i)  Kearny  St Annual Jan  14 

Sierra  Nevada  M  Co Nevada.. E  L  Parker 3i 9  Montgomery  St Annual Jun  15 

Const  Gothard T  Wezell 522  M  ntgomery  St Annual Jan  If 

Spriug  Valley  M  is:  Irrigation  Co Cal.  .WE  Davis. 402  Front  St : Annual Jan  20 

Silver  Bang  M  Co Arizona.. A  Waterman 309  Montgomery  St Annual Jan  14 

Utah  Uon  M  Co Nevada.. A  H  Fish 309  Montgomery  St Aonual Jan  29 

Superior  M  &  M  Co J  M  Buffington 303  Ualifornia  SI-  ..-. Annual Jan  14 

Lone  Star  Quartz  &  Gravel  M  Co Cal,  .AW  Eluudell 2814  Sacramento  St Annual 

NevauaSalt&;  Borax  Co H  C  Van  Wyck 31u  Pine  St Annual -...Jan  21 

LATEST  DIVIDENDS— WITHIN  THREE  MONTHS. 
Name  ot  Company.  Location.     Secrbtart.  Oppiob  in  S.  P  Amoitnt.  Patablk 

Champion  M  Co T  Wetzel 522  Montgomery  St 10 Nov  25 

Caledonia  M  C Nevada..  AS  Cheminant 328  Montgomeiy  St 08 Aug  5 

Con  California  &  Va  M  ^^o Nevada.. A  W  Havens 309  Montgomery  St 50 Jan  10 

Derbec  Blue  Gravtl  M  Co California.. T  WetzeL 522  Montpomery  St 10 Dec  23 

Idaho  M  Co California Grass  Valley S  00 Nov  7 

Mt  Diablo  M  Co     Nevada.. E.  Heath 319  Pine  St 30 Oct  2? 

Pacific  Borax  Salt&  Soda  Co. .. California.. A  H  Clough 230  Montgomery  St 1  00 Jan  10 


Mining  Share  Market, 

The  market  for  the  Corastocks  has,  the  past  week, 
been  more  or  less  dull,  with  the  tendency  to  lower 
figures.  The  prevailing  opinion  is  that  they  will  go 
slightly  lower  before  there  is  much  of  a  turn,  and  to 
help  them  down  one  or  two  more  assessments  are  to 
be  levied.  In  the  outside  slocks,  the  Tuscaroras 
have  shown  an  undue  degree  of  activity  under  the 
leadership  of  Commonwealih.  Usually  well-informed 
parties  look  with  confidence  to  those  stocks  being 
still  more  active,  with  the  movement  based  on  merit 
in  several  of  the  mines.  As  the  stocks  of  several  of 
them  are  well  concentrated,  quite  a  successful  deal 
can  be  made  before  the  spring  months  are  over. 
They  will  probably  soon  begin  to  ship  bullion  by 
telegraph.  In  the  Bodies  and  Quijotoas  there  is 
nothing  doing.  There  are  points  out  for  still  lower 
prices  for  the  Bodies.  So  far  the  low  price  points 
have  always  come. 

From  the  Comstock  mines  the  official  news  is  of  a 
more  encouraging  character.  The  letters  received 
yesterday  (Wednesday)  report  that  in  Hale  and 
Norcross,  on  the  1250-foot  north  drift,  running 
toward  Savage,  they  were  in  nine  feet  of  good  ore — 
car  samples  assaying  $35  a  ton.  This  find  is  quite 
important.  In  Crown  Point  there  is  an  improve- 
ment in  the  300  south  slope.  The  ore  assays  for 
the  week  show  an  increase  of  nearly  $3  a  ton.  In 
Con.  Imperial  in  West  Crosscut  No.  2  on  the  300- 
foot  level  there  is  a  decided  improvement. 

In  Alpha  they  are  sinking  on  the  ore  found  in 
the  east  crosscut  60  feet  north  of  the  shaft.  On  the 
600-foot  north  lateral  drift  they  are  in  low-grade  ore. 
The  work  in  Ophir  and  also  in  Con.  Virginia  is  be- 
ing closely  watched,  and  as  for  that,  all  the  work 
going  on  in  the  different  mines  is  receiving  special 
attention  from  mining  men.  The  grade  ot  ore  be- 
gins to  show  a  higher  value.  lo  this  connection  it 
is  well  for  the  association  that  is  so  bravely  bittling 
to  reform  the  abuses  of  the  Comstocks  not  to  forget 
that  thev  have  an  able  coadjutor  in  the  person  of 
Hon.  Francis  G.  Newhnds,  for  he  has  succeeded  in 
reducing  the  milling  charges  of  some  of  the  mills 
from  $7.50  to  $5  a  too.  Not  only  has  he  done  this, 
but  he  has  increased  the  assay  value  of  Yellow 
Jacket  ore  from  $7.50  to  $25  a  ton.  From  the  out- 
side mines  there  is  nothing  new  to  report  outside  of 
the  published  official  letters,  which  are  of  a  glowing 
character  from  the  Tuscaroras,  good  from  the  Qui- 
jotoas and  prospecting  from  the  Bodies. 

Now  that  money  is  getting  easy,  and  John  W. 
Mackay  is  expected  to  return  soon,  the  chronic 
bulls  on  the  Comstocks  look  for  an  improvement 
in  the  mining  share  market. 

The  bullion  output  ol  Crown  Point  in  last  month 
was  $38,616,  and  that  of  Con.  Virginia  $263,760. 
ChoUar's,  Savage  and  Hale  and  Norcross  outputs 
were  not  filed  up  to  this  (Thursday)  morning. 

New  Incorporations. 

The  following  companies  have  been  incorporated, 
and  papers  filed  in  the  office  of  the  Superior  Court, 
department  10,  San  Francisco  : 

Northwestern  G.  &  S.  M.  Co.,  Jan  4th.  Loca- 
tion, British  Columbia.  Capital  stock,  $1,000,000. 
Directors— H.  P.  Bowie.  William  Harney,  W.  W. 
Williams,  Charles  H.  Plum.  Jr.,  Edward  Connolley, 
T.  B.  Berrv  and  James  D.  Ruggles. 

Behring  Sea  Packing  Co.,  Jan.  4th.  Object, 
fishing,  trading  and  mining.  Capital  stock,  $100,000. 
Directors — jaraes  Eva,  James  Madison,  H.  J.  Bart- 
ling,  Charles  Lundberry  and  Chas.  A.  Johnson, 

Pacific  Ocean  Bathing  Co.,  Jan.  4th.  Ob- 
ject, to  establish  salt-water  baths  in  this  city.  Cap- 
ital stock,  $300,000,  Directors  —  William  Greer 
Harrison,  E.  A.  Rix.  W.  T.  Y.  Schenck,  J.  D.  Sul- 
livan and  A.  S.  Murray. 

Alaska  M.  &  M.  Co.,  Jan,  8th.  Location,  Alas- 
ka. Capital  stock.  $10,000,000.  Directors— Thomas 
Brown,  I.  J.  Jarboe,  A.  C.  Corbies,  G.  A.  Taylor 
and  E.  F.  Stone. 

Benicia  Brick  Co.,  Jan.  8th.  Capital  stock, 
$100,000.  Directors— G.  F.  and  E.  J.  Duflfey,  J.  E. 
Borland,  A.  S.  Cheesbro,  and  John  Boland. 

California  Lustral  Co.  (Oakland).  Jan  8th. 
Object,  a  general  mining  and  manufacturing  busi- 
ness. Directors— S.  S.  Steel,  Samuel  F.  Burbank, 
William  F.  Burbank,  J.  W.  Duttoo,  Rufus  B. 
Myers,  Leighton  W,  Carson  and  Luke  Doe, 


Table  of  Lowest  and  Highest  Sales  in 
S.  P.  Slock  Exchange. 


Name  of 

OOMPANT. 


Alpha 

dltft 

Andes 

Belcher 

BestA  Belcher... 

Bullion 

Bodie  Con 

Benton 

Bulwer 

Commonwealth . , 
Coa.  Va.  &Oal... 

OhaUeoge 

OhoUar 

Oonfldeoce 

Oon.  Imperial..,. 

Oaledonia 

Grown  Point 

Orocker 

Burexa  Con 

Exijheciuer , 

Grand  Frize 

Gould  &  Curry — 
Hale  &  Norcross.: 

Julia 

Justice 

Keotuck 

Lady  Wash 

Mono 

Mexican 

Navajo 

North  BeUe  Isle.., 

Nev.  Queen 

Occidental 

Ophir 

Overman 

Potoai 

Peerless 

Peer 


8.B.&M 

Sierra  Nevada.. 

Silver  Hill 

Scorpion , 

CJnioQ  Oon 

Uta'> 

Weldon 

Veiloff  Jacket.. 


Week 
Ending 
Dec.  18. 


75 
1.10 
.30 


1.05 

1  30 

.40 

2.10 

2.d: 
.45 

.70 


15 
3.1O 
4.05 
1.05 
2  05 
3.80 

is 

I  35 

3!i6 
25 
35 

1.31 

2.30 
,30 

1.25 
35 


2.20 
30 

1.00 
80 
6U 

3.00 
50 

1.75 


1.8{ 
1.0^ 
2.15 

.30 

15 

2.5 

.70 


Week 
Ending 
Dae.  25 


.80  .95 

1.25  1.3u 

.40  .45 

1.8i  2.15 

2,35  2,5u 

.30 


.65 


.65 


4.70 
1  25 
2.45 


.35 

1.30 

2.30 

30 


.30 
.40 
2.20 
.^0 
1.10 
85 
50 
3.05 


15 

1,40 

.75 

1.75 

16 
2.10 
M 


1.75    2.201.70    2.051.95    2. 


Week 
Ending 
Jan.  2, 


1.00  1.15 

1.30  1.66 
.00 

1.8J  2.2d 

2  30  2  85 
40 


,25 

2,85  3.0s 

1.30  1.5b 

2.35  2.75 

4.00  4.45 

33 

25 

1.60  2.1O 

25  .30 


.25      .35 


50 
2.35 


3.30 
70 


1  40 

1.10 

1.85 

45 


Week 

Ending 

Jau.  9. 


.95  1.05 

l.ii5  .... 

50  .f5 

1.65  1.85 

2.10  2  35 

.25  .60 

.30  .45 


3  10  3.65 

4  50  4.8') 
L.IO  1.20 
2.S5  2.45 

'.ih  '^SO 

l!56  l!75 

■iO  .25 


20  .25 

60  .75 

1  30  1.40 

2.50  2.^5 

.25  .30 


.35 


1.20 
30 

.35 

.30       .35 
2.15    2.45 

.35  *.40 
1.05  1.25 
1  00  1.13 
"  .65 
3.05  3..^0 
55  .70 
1.65    1  85 

...       .25 

.15    .... 
1.40 
1.'5 
1.75 

.30 

.15 
2.10 


1.55 

1.20 

1.95 

.35 

2!36 
.65 


Sales  at  San  Francisco  Stock  Exchange. 


Thdrsday.  Jan.  9.  9;30  a.  m. 

4oO  Alta 1.25 

75  Belcher 1.75 

150  B.  &  Belcher a  .25 

500  BeUelsle 30t, 

50  Bodie 4'^c 

100  Chollar 2.25 

6C0  Commonwealth 3.75 

50  Crown  Point 1.55 

350  Con  Va&Cal 4.55 

100  Exchequer 20c, 


20!)  Gould  &  Curry 1.70 

150  KentucK 35c 

50  Lady  Wash 30o 

200  Mexican 2.15 

400  Nev.  Oueeu 1.15 

300  N- Belle  Is 1.25 

350  N.  Commonwealth.  ..85c 

VOO  Peerless 25c 

150  Savage 1.50 

3  Q  S.  B.  tM 1.05 

ISO  Sierra  Nevada 1.80 

100  Union 2.15 


Our  Agents. 

Oim  Friends  can  do  much  Id  aid  of  our  paper  and  the 
cause  of  practical  knowledge  and  BCience,  by  assieting 
Agents  in  their  labors  of  canvassing,  by  lending  their  In- 
Suenoe  and  encouraging  favors.  We  intend  to  send  none 
but  worthy  men. 

J.  C.  HOAO — San  Franeisco. 

R.  O.  BA1LB7 — San  Frandsco. 

Chas   M.  Moodt— San  Francisco. 

W.  W.  Thsobalds— Los  Angeles  Co, 

E.  Fischer — Central  California. 

Obo.  Wilsoh — Sacramento  Co. 

E.  H.  SCHABFFLH —  Fresuo  Co 

0,  Edward  RoBBRTaoN— Humboldt  Co. 

Frank  S.  Chapin— Butte  Co. 

Wm.  H.  Hilleart — Oregon. 

E.  E.    Dbming — Oregon. 


Successful  Patent  Solicitors. 

As  Bewey  &  Co.  have  been  in  the  patent  soliciting  boal- 
aesB  on  this  Coast  now  lor  so  many  years,  the  firm's  name 
is  a  well 'known  one.  Another  reason  for  its  popniarity 
is  that  a  great  proportion  of  the  Pacific  Coast  patents 
issued  by  the  Government  have  been  procured  through 
their  agency.  They  are,  therefore,  well  and  thoroughly 
posted  on  the  needs  of  the  progressive  industrial  classes 
of  this  Coast.  They  are  the  best  posted  firm  on  what 
has  been  done  in  all  branches  of  industry,  and  are  able 
to  judge  of  what  is  new  and  patentable.  In  this  they 
have  a  great  advantage,  which  is  of  practical  dollar  and 
cent  value  to  their  clients.  That  this  is  understood  and 
appreciated,  is  evidenced  by  the  number  of  patents 
Issued  through  their  Soiknufio  E>rbsb  Patent  Agency  (S.. 
F.)  from  weeK  to  week  and  v«ar  to  vear 


A  SNOW-SLIDE  at  Sierra  City  on  the  4tb  inst, 
killed  eeren  people,    ' 


Jan.  11,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


33 


CALIFORNIA    WIRE    WORKS 


-MANUFACrUBEBS  CF- 


Steel  Wire  Rope, 


OF  ALL  KINDS  FOR 

CABLE  RAILWAYS, 

ROPEWAYS  and  TRAMWAYS, 

Mining,  Shipping  &  General  Purposes. 


WIRE, 

BARBED    WIRE, 
WIRE   NAILS, 

WIRE    OLOTH. 

Full  ABsortment  Always  In  Stock. 


OFFICEJ: 

9  Fremont  Street,  San  Francisco. 

Send  for  Illustrated  Catalogue. 


hallidie's 
Patent  VV'RE  Ropeway, 


For  the  Economical  and  Rapid 

Transportation    of   Ore 

and  other  material. 


Erected  by  Us  During  the  Past  Fourteeu  Tears  in  Spans  of 

200  TO  2,000  FEET. 


Simple,  Economical  and  Durable. 


TKANSPOBTATION  OF  ORE  BT  H4LLID1E'S  P  TENT  WIRE  KOl'i'.WAY. 


HAVE   BEEN  THOROUGHLY  TESTED 
In  all  Parts  of  the  Country. 


PERFECTED 

DOUBLE 


Attached  to  each  Mill 
ii  an  effective 

Automatic  Ore 
Feeder. 


THE  CRUSHING  lo  done  by  the  rapid  rocking  movement  in  opposite  dieeotions  of 
two  heavy  oastinga,  the  bottoms  of  which  are  elightly  circular  in  form,  and  eaoh  provided  with 
onr  shoes. 

The  Mill  is  a  closer  Gold-Saver  and  catches  a  larger  percentage  of 
the  Clean-up  in  the  Battery  than  any  other  Mill. 

It  costs  less,  in  proportion  to  what  it  will  do,  than  any  other  mill.  There  are  no  working 
parts  to  buy  for  it,  no  matter  how  long  it  is  used,  except  shoes  and  dies.  Capacity  of  Mill,  g 
to  10  tons  per  day.     Weight  of  Mill,  complete,  6400  poands. 

We  manufacture,  to  go  with  the  Mill,  an 

IMPROVED    ROOK    BREAKER. 

Power  required  for  Mill  aod  Rock  Breaker,  6  H.  P,     Sekd  'fo'b.  Ciegulab.    AddresB 

TATUM  &  BOWEN, 

34  and  36  FREMONT  ST.,  SAN    FRANOISOO,    OAL., 

AND   PORTLAND,   OREGON. 

MANUFACTURERS   OF   MINING  AND  SAW  MILL  MACHINERY. 


FRISBEE  WET  MILL. 

This  Mill,  with  a  weight  of  less  than  9000  pounds, 

has  a  capacity  of  three  tons  per  hour  of  hard 

quartz  to  40  mesh ;  has  been  thoroughly 

tested ;  we  guarantee  its  work  as 

represented,  and  we  will  give 

long  time   trial. 


IT    HAS  NO  MORE  WEARING  PARTS  THAN  CORNISH  ROLLS 

And  renewals  will  not  coBt  over  one-half  ae  mnoh  as  for  Btampa.  Will  mn  empty,  or  with  small 
amount  of  ore  without  injury.  The  attention  of  parties  having  Cement  Gravel  ifl  called  to  this 
Mill,  as  it  will  run  100  tons  per  day  to  No.  8  meah;  30  to  35  H.  P. 

OUR  DRY  MILLS  are  the  most  economioal  ever   built,  and   are  extensively  used  with 
record  of  several  years.    No  grinding  in  cans.    Mill  finishes  to  any  fineneaa  desired. 

FRISBEE-LUCOP  MILL  COMPANY. 

GIDEON  FRISBEE,  Manager,        -        -       59  &  61  First  Street,  San  Francisco 
HOOKER  &  LAWRENCE.  Gen'l  Ag'it.  145  Broadway,  New  York. 


^^  SAiyiliANCISCO,CAZf. 


A\ 


CORD" 


I'.^oitiis'ca-, 


Manutaoturea  from  strictly  arst-cteas  FUx  and  pure  lubricants.  Superior  to  all  others  tor  wafer  and  steam.  Packs 
with  less  (riction  and  makes  a  tighter  joint  than  any  other  paok.ns  made.  »•  Imital.ons  of  interior  quality  hav- 
taK  been  nut  upon  the  market,  we  have  been  compelled  to  aoopt  the  above  trad e-mark  and  all  of  our  PJfkins  will 
noVhave  a  RED  CORD  running  through  the  oenier  its  entire  length.  See  that  you  get  it  and  take  no  other.  Sold 
b?  all  Hardware  dealers.  Price,  50  cents  per  pound.  W.  T.  T.  SOHENCK,  Sole  Manufacturer,  233  aud 
834  Market  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


INVENTORS,     TAKE      NOTICE  I 
^.  PETERSOnTmODEL  MAKER, 

258  Market  St. ,  N.  E.  cor.  Front  (up  stairs).  San   Francdco 
Experimental  machinerj-  and  all  kinds  of  models    Tm 
and  braSBWOrk.    All  communications  strictly  confiden- 
tial. 


QUICKSILVER 

For  Sale  in  LotB  to  Suit  by 

PABEOTT    &    CO., 
S06  Oallfomla  St.,  San  Franolsco,  Oal. 


ti 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Jan.  11,  1890 


Edwards'  Works  en  tie '  Steam  Engine. 

The  American  Steam  Engineer.  Theoretical 
and  Practicil;  with  Examples  of  the  Latest  and  Most  Ap- 
proved American  Practice  in  the  De-^iein  and  Consfctuetion 
of  Steam  Engine?  and  Boilers  of  Every  Description.  For 
the  U80  of  Engineers,  Maehiniata,  Boiler-Makers  and  Stu- 
dents. By  Emory  Edwards,  M.  E.  Illustrated  by  77  en- 
gravings.   12mo,419  pages $8.60 

Modern  American  Marine  Kn&fines,  Boiler*", 
and  Screw  Propellers.  Tbeir  Design  and  Construc- 
tion. Showini;  the  P/esent  Practice  of  the  most  Eminent 
Engineers  and  Marine  Engine  Buildars  in  the  United 
States.  By  Emory  Edwards.  Dlustrated  by  30  lar^e  and 
,  elaborate  plates.     4to $5.00 

The  Practical  Steam  Engineers'  Guide  in 
the  Design,  Construction  and  Management  of  American 
Stationary,  Portable  and  Steam  Fire  Engines,  steam 
Pumpsf,  Boilers,  Inrctora,  Go^eroors,  Inriicatore,  Pistons 
and  Kings,  Safety  Valves  and  Sttam  Gauges.  For  the 
use  of  Engineers,  Firemen  and  Steam  Users.  Illustrated 
by  119  engravings.-   420  page",  12mo $2.50 

A  Catechism  of  the  Marine  Steam  Engrine. 
For  the  use  of  Engineers.  Firemen  and  Mechanics.  A 
Practical  Work  for  Practical  Men.  Illustrated  by  G3  en- 
gravings, including  exBmplea  of  the  most  modern  engines. 
Third  edition,  thoroughly  revised,  with  much  new  mat- 
ter,    12mo,  414  pages .,.$3.00 

Modern  American  locomotive  Engines. 
Their  Design,  Construction  and  Management,  Illustrated 
by  78  engravings.     12mo,  383  pages $3.00 

tStThe  above  or  any  of  our  Books  sent  by  mail,  free  of 
^os^Ojgc,  at  the  publication  prices,  to  any  address  in  the 
world, 

t^Illustrated  Circulars,  showing  full  tables  of  cnn- 
tenis  of  all  of  the  above  valuable  hoolcs,  will  be  sent  free 
to  any  one  in  any  part  of  the  world  who  will  send  his 
address. 

SS'Our  new  revised  Descriptive  Catalogue  of  Practical 
and  Scientific  Books,  S6  paijes,  8vo,  and  our  Catalogue  of 
Soojcs  on  Steam  and  the  Steam  Engine,  Mechanics,  Ma- 
chviiery,  and  Dynamical  Engineeiin<},  and  othet-  Cata- 
logues, the  whole  covering  evei-y  branch  of  Science  applied 
to  the  Arts,  sent  free  and  f  re",  of  postage  to  any  one  in 
any  part  of  the  loorld  2vho  will  furnish  his  addr-'.ss. 

HENRY    CAREY    BAIRD    &    CO.. 

iNDUSraiAL     POBLISHERS,     BOOKSELLERS     AND      IMPORTERS, 

810  Walnut  St.,  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  U.  S.  A. 

STEARNS  WI'F'G  CO^ 

29  &  31  Spear  St.,       San  Francisco,  Cal. 


ti:-:::iiliii-M: 


-MANUFACTURBRS  OF- 


HIGH-GRADE  SAW  MILL    MACHINERY, 
ENGINES,  STEEL  BOILERS,  Etc. 

—IMPORTERS   OF — 

Munson's  Leather  Belting,  Goodell  &  "Waters'  Woodwork- 
ing Tools,  Hill'a  Clutch  Pulleys  and  Couplings,  Emerson's 
Saws,  Emery  Wheels,  Tool  and  Knife  Grinders,  Ewart's 
Link  Belting,  L.  &  D.  Wood  Pulleys,  Hoisting  and  Pile 
Driving  Engines,  Etc, 

SPENGERIAN 
TEEL  PENS 

Are  the  Best, 

IN  THE  ESSENTIAI,  QUAMTXES  OP 

Durability,  Evenness  of 
Point,  and  Workmanship. 

Samples  for  trial  of  13  different  styles  hy  mail,  on 
receipt  of  10  cents  ill  stamps.    Ask  for  card  No.  8. 

BLiKEMJN  &  CO.,  ^^.^r^^^^' 


Great  Variety  of  SHOT  GUNS,  RIFLES. 

etc.    Breech-LoaderB  from  S4  to  §100. 
SEND    STAMPS    FOR    PRICE    LISTS. 

GEO.  W.  SHREVE, 

525  Kearny  Street,         San  Francisco,  Cal. 


WINCHESTER  HOUSE, 

41  Third  Street,     -      San  Francisco,  Cal. 

This  Fireproof  Brick  Building  is  centrally  located,  in 
the  healthiest  part  of  the  city,  only  a  half  block  from  the 
Grand  and  Palace  Hotels,  and  close  to  all  Steamboat  and 
Railroad  Offices. 

Laundry  Free  for  the  use  of  Families. 

HOT  AND  COtD  «ATHS  FREE. 


Terms,  Board  and  Room,  $1.00  per  Day 

And  Upward. 

Booms  with  or  without  Board. 

Free  Coach  to  the  House. 
ar-  3F»ooiji:ES-5r- 


BAOK  F1LR8  of    the  MlNlNO  AHD    SOIBNTIFIO    PrUSS   (un 

jund)  can  be  had  for  $3  per  volume  of  eix  months.  Per 
ar  (two  volumes)  35.  Inserted  in  Dewey's  patent  blnd- 
60  cents  additlonikl  per  volume. 


PACIFIC    ROLLING   MILL    CO., 


.HANUFAOTDILKaS  OF., 


IS 


and 


m 


UP   TO    20,000   LBS.   WEIO-HT. 

True  to  pattern  and  superior  in  atrengrtli,  toughness  and  durability  to  Oast  or  Wrought 
Iron  in  any  position  or  for  any  service. 

GEARINGS,  SHOES,  DIES,  CAMS,  TAPPETS,  PISTON-HEADS,  RAILROAD  and  MA- 
CHINERY CASTINGS  of  Every  Description. 


HOMOGENEOUS  STEEL. 


SOFT  and  DUCTILE, 

SUPERIOR  TO  IRON  FOR 


LOCOMOTIVE  AND  MARINE  FORCINGS. 

iLSO  Steel  Rods,  from  J  to  3  inch  diameter  and  Flat3  from  1  to  8  inch.  Angles,  Tees,  Channels  and  other  shape 
Steel  Wagon,  Buggj',  and  Truck  Tirea,  Plow  Steel;  Machinery  and  Special  Shape  Steel  to  size  and  lengths 
STEEL  RAILS  from  12  to  45  poimda  per  yard.  ALSO,  Railroad  and  Merchant  Iron,  Rolled 
Beams,  Angle,  Channel,  and  T  iron»  Bridge  and  Machine  Bolts,  Lag  Screws,  Nuts,  Washers,  Ship  and  Boat 
Spikes;  Steamboat  Shafts,  Cranks,  Pistons,  Connecting  Rods,  etc.  Car  and  Locomotive  Axles  and  Frames, 
and  Iron  Forgings  of  all  kinds,  Iron  and  Steel  Bridge  and  Roof  Work  a  Specialty. 

HIGHEST  PRICE  PAID  FOR  SCRAP  IRON  AND  STEEL. 

jta"  Orders  will  have  prompt  attention.    Send  for  Catalogues.    Address 

PACIFIC  KOLUNQ  MILL  CO.,  202  Market  St.,  San  Francisco. 


FULTON     IRON    WORKS, 

HINCKLEY,  SPIERS   &    HAYES.  Proprietors. 


[ESTABLISHED    IN    1855.] 


TUSTIN'S    PULVERIZER. 


— MANUFAOTURBRS    OF— 

MARINE     ENGINES     AND     BOILERS— 

Propeller  Engines,  either  High  Pressure  or  Compound, 
Stern  or  Side-wheel  Engines. 

MINING  MACHINERY.— Hoisting  Engines  and 
Works,  C^es,  Ore  Buckets,  Ore  Cars,  Pumping  Engines 
and  Pumps,  Water  Buckets,  Pump  Colunms,  Air  Com- 
pressors, Air  Receivers,  Air  Pipes. 

MILL  MACHINERY.-Batterlea  for  Dry  or  Wet 
Crushing,  Amalgamating  Pans,  Settlers,  Furnaces,  Re- 
torts, Concentrators,  Ore  Feeders,  Rock  Breakers,  Fur- 
naces tor  Reducing  Ores,  Water  Jackets,  eta 

MISCELLANEOUS  MACHINERY. -Flour 
Mill  Machinery,  Saw  Mill  Engines  and  Boilers,  Dredging 
Machinery,  Powder  Mill  Machinery,  Water  Wheels. 

Tustin's  Pulverizer 

WORKS  ORE  WET  OR  DRY. 


ENGINES^BOILERS 

OF    ALL    KINDS, 

Either  for  use  on  Steamboats  or  for  use  on  Land. 

Water  Pipe,  Pump  or  Air  Columns,  Fish 
Tanks  for  Salmon  Canneries 

OF  BVBRY   DaSCRIPTION. 

Boiler  Repairs  Promptly  attended  to  and  at  very  moaerate  rates. 

AGBNTS  FOR  THB  PACIFIC  COAST  FOR  THB 

SPECIALTIES : 

Corliss  Engines  and  Tuetln  Ore  Pulverizers.  DBANE    STEAM    PUMP. 

Agents  and  Manufacturers  of  the  Llewellyn  Feed  Water  Purifier  and  Heater. 


THE  GIANT  POWDER  COMPANY 

MaDuIaoture  Three  Kinds  of  Powder,  which  are  acknowledged  by  ail  the  Great  Chemiets  of  the  World  as 

The  Safest  and  Strongest  High  Explosives  in  the  IVIarl<et. 

or  Different  Strensrths  as  Required. 

NOBEI.'S    EXPLOSIVE     GEiATlNB,"   which  contains    94   per  cent  of  Kitro-Olycerlne,  and 

GEltATlKTE-DYN AMITE,  Stronger  than  Dynamite  and  even  Safer  in  Handling:, 

JUDSON  POWDER  IMPROVED. 

FOR  RAIIiROADS  AND  LAND  CI-EARINO.  la  fromthree  to  four  timesstronger  than  ordinary  Blast- 
ing Powder,  and  is  used  by  all  the  Railroads  and  Gravel  Claims,  aa  it  breaks  more  ground,  pulverizes  better  and 
aavee  time  and  money.    It  is  aa  dry  as  the  ordinary  Blasting;  Powder  and  runs  as  freely. 

BANDMANN,  NIELSEN  &  CO., 


GAPS  and  FUSE  for  Sale. 


GENERAL  AGENTS.  SAN  FRANCISCO  CAL. 


QUARTZ  SCREENS 


A  apecialty.  Round,  slot 
or  burred  slot  holes.  Gen 
uine  Ruasia  Iron,  Homo 
geneoua  Steel,  Cast  Steel  or 
American  planished  Iron 
Zinc,  Copper  or  Brasa  Screens  for  all  purposes.  Call 
fornia  Perforating  Screen  Co.,  145  &  147  Besde  St ,  S  F 


COAL  MINES  OF  THE  WESTERN  COAST. 

A  few  copies  of  this  work,  the  only  one  e\er  published 
treating  of  Pacific  Coast  Coal  Mining,  ha\e  been  ob 
tained,  and  are  for  sale  at  this  office  for  $2  60  per  cop> 
It  was  written  by  W.  A.  Goodyear,  Mmmg  and  Civil 
Engineer,  formerly  of  the  California  State  Geological 
Survey. 


N.  W.  SPAULDINQ 

Manufacturers  of 
SPAULDING'S 


Inserted  Tootli 

AND 

CHISEL    BIT 

CIRCDLAR 

Saws. 


SAW  MILLS   AND   MACHINERY 

Of  all  kinds  made  to  order.    Send  for  Descriptive  Cata 
logue.    17  and  19  Fremont  St.,  San  Franoiaco, 


Irop  apd  (Aachipe  )tforl(3. 


UNION    IRON  WORKS, 

SAOBAMENTO,  OAL. 

ROOT.    NEILSON     &    OO., 

MAWnPACTDIUtaS  OP 

Steam     Engines,    Boilers, 

AND  ALL  KINDS  OF 

MACHINERY  FOR  MINING  PURPOSES. 

{■"louring  Mills,  Saw  Mills  and  Quartz  Milla  Machinery 
constructed,  fitted  up  and  repaired. 


Front  St.,  bet.  N  &  O  Sta., 


Sacramento,  Cal. 


CALIFORNIA   MACHINE    WORKS, 

WM.  H.  BIRCH  &  CO., 

ENGINEERS    AND     MACHINISTS, 


No.  llQBealeSt.. 


San  EranclBco. 


BUILDERS  OF 

Steam  Eneinea,  Saw  Milla,  Mining  Machinery,  Dredging 
Machines,  Rock  Crushers,  Cable  Railway  Machinery,* 
Ellithorp  Air  Brake  Co. 'a  Patent  Steam  and  Hydraulic 
Elevators,  Air  Cushions  and  Air  Brakea.  POSITIVE 
SAFETIES.  Improved  Ram  Elevators,  Sidewalk  and 
Hand  Hoists.  B.  E.  Henrickson's  Patient  Automatio 
Safety  Catches. 

Machines  of  all  kinds  Made  and  Repaired. 
Orders  Solicited. 


Golden  State  &  Miners  Iron  Works. 

Mannfacture  Iron  Osstlnsa  and  Maobinery 
of  all  KlndB  at  Greatly  Bednced  Bates. 

STEVENSON'S  PATENT 

Mold-Board  AMALGAMATORS, 
Golden  State  Pressure  Blowers. 

Birsi  St.,  between  Howard  A  Folsom.  S.  F, 


CHOMAS  THOMPSON 


THORNTON  THOMPSON 


THOMPSON    BROTHERS. 

EUREKA    FOUNDRY, 

129  and  ISl  Beale  St.,  between  Uission  and  Howard,  S.F 

HAHtrFAOItrBBRS  OP  OASTINSS  OF  BVHBT  SISORIPTION. 


Mining    Engineers. 


CIVIL    AND    MINING    ENGINEER 

Of  long  experience,  practical  and  administrative,  In 
Copper,  Silver  and  Oold  Mining  in  Europe  and  America, 
offers  servicea  as  Manager  or  Superintendent,  or  to  search 
for  and  report  on  Mines.  Now  in  Mexico.  Several  Lan- 
guages.   Address  C  F.,  Box  2517,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


W.  A.  GOODYEAR, 

Oivil    and    Mining'    Engineer, 

MINING  EXPERT  Ajro  GEOLOGIST. 
Address  "  Business  Box  A,"  office  of  this  paper,  San 
Francisco. 


ROSS    E.  BROWNE, 

Mining  and  Hydraulic  Engineer, 

No.  307  Sansomb  St.,  San  Franoisoo. 


ISRAEL  W.  KNOX, 
Mining  and  Mechanical  Engineer 

AND  PURCHASING  AQBNT  FOR 

fiCines,  Mining  Machinery  &  Supplies. 

Mines  Examined,  Reports  and     Estimates    Furnished, 

Contracts  made,  etc 
Office,  237  First  St.,       San  Franclaco,  Oal. 


The  Celebrated  H,  H.  H  Liniment. 


The  H.  H.  H.  I.lnlment  Is  for  the  treatment  of 
he  Aches  and  Fains  of  Humanity,  as  welt  as  for  the  ail- 
ments of  the  beasts  of  the  fields.  Teatlmonlala  from 
importers  and  breeders  of  blooded  stock  prove  its  won- 
derful curative  properties.  No  man  has  ever  used  it  for 
an  ache  or  pain  and  been  dissafcisfled. 
H.  H.  MOORE  &  SONS,  Stockton.  Cal.,  Froprietora. 
For  Sai<b  bt  all  Drusqibts. 


FOR   ENGRAVINGS  Dewey   En^avffg   Coui 
ptny,  No.  220  Market  street,  San  Francisco. 


■Jan.  II,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


35 


PROVED    BELT    FRUE   ORE  CONCENTRATOR. 


The  Beat  Ore  Concentrator  in  the  market,  having  doable 
the  Citpaoity  and  doing  ita  work  aa  oloae  aa  the  plain  Bslt 
machine,  while  ita  ooncentrationa  are  clean.  It  ia  need  in 
a  number  of  Mills,  the  moat  notable  of  which  ia  the 
Alaaka  M.  t  M.  Co'a  Mill,  where  24  Improved  Belt  Fruea 
are  taking  the  Palp  from  120  Stamps,  cruahiug  350  tons 
per  day,  and  ia  giving  entire  aacisfaction  as  againat  48 
plain  Belt  Machines,  taking  the  Palp  from  the  other  120 
Stamps, 

Price  of  Improved  Belt  Frue  Vanner,  $900,  f.  o.  b. 
Price  of  Plain  Belt  Frue  Vanner,  $575,  f.  o.  b. 


For  Pamphlets,  Teatimoniala  and   farther  information 
apply  at  ofhce. 


Protected  by  Patents  December  22, 1S74;  September  2, 
1879;  April  27,  1880;  ilarch  22,  1881;  February  20,  1883; 
September  18,  1883;  Jnly  24,  1888.     Patents  applied  for. 


There  are  Over  2200  Plain  Belt  Machines  now 
in  Use. 

Tub  Moktaka  CouI'Ant  (Limited),  LosttON.  October  S,  ]SS5. 
Drar  Sirs  :— Hftvin^'  tetttvd  tbreu  of  your  Kruu  Vannors  in  a  coiu- 
petitlvu  trial  with  other  elmilar  inacliines  (Trlum))h),  we  have  BatlBfied 
'►urseivuB  of  tbo  superiority  of  your  Vanuerfl,  as  is  evideoceil  by  the 
fact  of  our  bftvioi:  ordered  20  more  of  your  machiues  tor  imtnediate 
delivery.    Yours  truly,        TBE  MONTANA  COUPAKY  (Limited). 

N.  B. — Since  the  above  was  written  tbe  20  VaoDers,  havint;  been 
started,  ^ave  such  satiefoctlon  that  44  additional  Frues  aud  more 
stamps  have  beeo  purchased.  ADAMS    &    CARTER. 


ADAMS  &  CARTER,  Agents  FRUE  VANNING  MACHINE  CO.,  Room  15.  No.  132  Market  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


"TRIUMPH"  ORE  CONCENTRATOR  with  IMPROVED  RIFFLED  BELT. 


The  competitive  trials  which  have  been  held  between  the 
"Triomph"  Ore  Concentrators,  the  "  Frue"  Vannera  and 
other  forms  of  concentrating  devices,  do  not  warrant  the  as- 
sertion that  the  "Frue"'  Vanner  ia  the  best  ore  oonoentrator  in 
the  market.  The  fact  that  the  "Frues"  have  improved  (oor- 
ragated)  belts  doea'not  militate  against  the  aaperiority  of  the 
"Triumphs;"  for,  when  desired,  they  (the  "Triumphs")  can 
be  mounted  with  a  superior  belt  known  as  the  "  Blasdel  " 
Biffled. 


$650  f.  0.  b.  fr 


Price  "  Triumph  "  Concentrators,  with  Im- 
proved (Patented)  Belt 

Price  "  Triumph "  Concentrators,  with 
Plain  Belt $550  f.  o.  b. 


Wo  are  prepared  to  giiarantee  the  8up;rioritv  of  the  "  Tiiumph  " 
the  "  Frue  "  or  any  other  form  of  Concentrator,  for  coin  if  need  bo. 
Circulars  and  testimonial  letters  furnished  on  applicatiou. 


JOSHUA  HENDY  MACHINE  WORKS. 

39  to  51  Fremont  Street,      San  Francisco,  Cal, 


Both  the  "Triomph"  Concentrator  and  "Blaedel"  (riffled) 
Belt  are  protected  by  inconteatable  letters  patent^  granted 
by  the  Government  of  the  United  States. 

Original  Empire  Mill  and  Mining  Company,  ^ 

Principal  Oltice,  401  California  S*..  cor.  Sansome,  S.  F.      ;- 

Location  of  Works,  Grfttn  Vetlley,  Ncvaila  Co.,  Cal.  ) 

Grass  Valley,  Nbvada  Co.,  Cal.,  Nov.  10, 1886. 
Joshua  ncnd;/  Machine  Wot/ch,  30  to  51  Franunt  St.,  S.  F.,  Cal.: 

Gentlk-MBN— I  am  pleased  to  state,  in  reference  to  tlie  "  Triumph" 
Ore  Concentrators,  that  four  (4)  o(  them  were  plaoei  io  the  mill  of  the 
Oriifiual  Emipre  Mill  and  Mining  Company  in  April,  1884,  and  a  thorough 
test  made  of  their  practical  oper  tion;  and  their  clhciency  having  been 
demonstrated,  four  (4)  more  were  subsequently  introduced  as  the  comple- 
ment of  the  Twenty  (20)  Stam})  Mill,  aud  the  eight  (S)  have  been  and  are 
now  running  with  culirely  satisfactory  reaulta. 

At  the  Ten  (10)  Stamp  Mill   of  the  North  Star   Mining  Company,  uniler 
my  9upervihIon.  four  (4)  are  also  in  successful   operation,  and  from  my 
observation  of  their  practical  workings,  I  am  convinced  that  this  form  of 
Concentrators  is  the  equal,  if  not  superior  to  any  othcf  style  of  Vann 
or  concentrating  devices.  DA\TD  McKAY,  Jr., 

[Signed]  Sup't  North  Star  and  Original  Empire Miniog  Co 

N.  B.  When  the  stamping  capacity  of  the  two  above  named  mills  was  in- 
creased, more  "Triumph  "  Concentrators  were  purchased,  aud  twenty- 
eight  (28)  are  now  in  constant  successful  operation. 


-BDlLDRRfl   op- 


MINING    MACHINERY. 

GENERAL  OFFICE  AND  WORKS : 

1 27  First  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  U.  S.  A. 

New  York  Office,  145  Broadway. 

PI.ANTS  FOR  GOLD  AND  SILVER  MILLS, 

embiacin^  machinerv  of  LATEST  DESIGN  and 
MOST  IMPROVED  construction.  We  offer  our 
oustomere  the  BEST  RESULTS  OF  38  TEARS' 
EXPERIENCE  in  this  SPECIAL  LINE  ol 
work.  «nd  arc  PREPARED  to  furnish  the  MOST 
APPROVED  character  of  MINING  AND  RE- 
DUCTION MACHINERY,  adapted  to  all  jrrades  of 
ores  and  SUPERIOR  to  that  of  anv  other  make,  at 
the  LOWEST  POSSIBLE  PRICES. 

We  are  ols"  prepared  to  CONSTRUCT  and  DE- 
LIVER In  COMPLETE  RUNNING  ORDER, 
In  any  locality,  MILLS,  CONCENTRATION 
WORKS,  WATER  JACKET  SMELTING 
FURNACES.  HOISTING  WORKS,  PUMP- 
ING MACHINERY,  ETC.,  ETC.,  of  any  DE- 
BIBED  CAPACITY. 


THE    GATES    CRUSHER 

Is  beyond  all  question  the  most  important  improvement 
that  has  ever  been  made  in  this  class  of  mining"  ma- 
chinery. It  will  do  more  than  twice  the  work  with  a 
given  amount  of  wear  than  any  other  Crusher  made, 
besides  crushing  so  much  finer  that  for  mining  uses,  the 
capacity  of  the  mill  is  greatly  increased.  It  has  the  same 
relative  superiority  for  macadamizing  purposes,  afford- 
ing the  cheapest  and  most  reliable  machine  for  this  use. 


SEND     FOR    CIKCULAR, 


PACIFIC    IRON    WORKS 


NO.     127    FTH&T    STREET, 


SAN    FRANCISCO,    CAL. 


1886.  X888. 

CATALOGUE    OP    200    PAGES. 


The  matter  Is  readily 
available .  — TradeamaTi. 

A  Complete  Work. — 
Colliery  Engineer. 

Handy  for  reference. — 
Min.  and  Sci.  Press. 

Should  be  in  the  hands 
of  every  Engineer  and 
Contract'ir.—  Eng.  and 
Mill.  Journal. 

A  valuable  addition  to 
the  literature  on  the 
eubject.~jEni7.a7id  B'Pg 
Record. 


A  TREa.TISE  AND  HANDBOOK  ON 

ROCK  DRILLING 


-.A-ixria- 


AIR  COMPRESSING 

Mailed  Free. 


.AuHxr: 


In  reality  a  hand- 
book.— Am.  ManYact'r. 

Supplien  a  long  felt 
want. — Man'frs'  Record. 

This  Catalogue  is  one 
of  unusual  interest  and 
value.— it.  R.  Gazette. 

This  is  a  thoroughly 
good  publication. — En- 
gineering News. 

The  useful  information 
will  be  found  specially 
valuable.  —  Erig.  and 
B'l'g  Record. 

00-, 


23  Park  Place.  New  York. 


80t.B   AGENT  FOa 

Ataajtiiie  Sloes,  Di^s  M 
IRUSHER  PUTES, 

— AND — 

Ohrozue   Cast    Steel  for 
Kock  Drille.  Etc. 


A  DA  MA  NT  IWK. 


H.  D.  MORRIS, 
220  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco, 

MANnFAGTURERS'  aM  PnRCHASfflG  AGENT, 

Special  attentif-'*  given  to  purchase  of 

MINE  and  MILL  SUPPLIES. 


ADAMANTINE  SHOES  AND   DIES.— Guar 

anteed   to  prove  better  and  cheaper  than  any  others 
Orders  solicited,  subject  to  above  conditions. 

H.  D.  MORRIS. 


NEWYORICBELriNG&RACKINC  CO. 


Warehouse.    15   PARK   ROW,   NEW  YORK, 

The  Oldest  and  Largest  Manufacturers  in  the  United  States  of 

VULCANIZED  RUBBER  FABRICS 


Solid  Vulcanite 

EMERY  WHEELS. 

Large  Wheels  made  on  Iron 
centers. 

Cuts  Cooler  and  Freer 

THAN  ANY  OTHER  WHEEL 
IN  THE  MARKET. 


Adapted  to  Mechanical  Purposes. 


EXTRA    RUBBER 

BELTING  and  HOSE 

1  OR 

Mining  Purposes. 

Circular  woven  Seamlefis  Antiseptic 
Rubber  Lined  "Cable"  Hose  and 
TEBTHosEfirtheueeof  Steam  Knjdnes, 

\    Force  Pumps.RoUing  Mille,  Iron  Works, 

\  Factories,  etc. 


Emery  Vulcanite^Wheel. 


BRANCH: 

ARNETT  &   RIVERS, 

17  and  19  MAIII  ST..     SAN  FEAWCISCO. 


Extra  Steam  Hose. 


DEWEY  &  CO.  r^g.^vig.f.Tal^oft.''}  PATENT  AGENTS. 


Smelter  For  Sale  or  Exchange. 

One  60-ton.  wrought  iron,  water-jacket  Smelting  Fur- 
nace (36"xeo"  at  the  tuyeres)  of  the  latest  design,  wi  h 
Crusher,  Blower,  Boiler,  Pumps,  Engines,  Tools,  and 
everything  complete  lor  immediate  delivery,  and  only 
used  about  six  months.  Clieap  for  cash,  or  \\'ill  exchange 
for  interest  in  a  Lead-Silver  Mine,  or  erect  in  any  mining 
camp  that  will  guarantee  a  certain  output.  For  further 
particulars  address  Box  28,  Elkhom,  Montana. 


TUBBS  CORDAGE  CO. 

(A  Corporation.) 


Constantly  on  hand  a  full  assortment  of  Manila  Rope, 
Duplex  Rope,  Tarred  Manila  Rope,  Hay  Rope,  'Whale  Line, 
etc.,  etc. 

Extra  eizoB  and  lengths  made  to  order  on  short  notice. 

611  &  613  Front  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal, 


36 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Jan.  11,  1890 


UN  I  I  /^  K  I          I  CD  /^  N  I          \  A  /A^  C!>  ly  O        Corner  First  and  Mission  Sts,,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 
NIUN     IKUN     WUKKo,       manupactubees  of 


SPECIALTIES: 

Scott  &  O'Neil  Automatic    Cat-o£f  J^ngluea,  Ide   iEngines,  Bock 
Breakers,  Quartz  Mllle*  Hoisting:  iEng^lnes. 


MINING  AND  MILLING  MACHINERY. 


ROLLS   AND   CONCENTRATING   MACHINERY.    Cornish  and  Other 


COPPER  AND  LEAD  FURNACES. 


H  TTIS  a.  .A.  TT^Lm  I  CS      li  II*  T       X30CIS, 

Capable  of  Docking:  tlie  Xiarg^est  Vessels. 
SEND    FOR    CiaCULARS.  CABLE    ADDRESS    "UNION 


ALL  CLASSES  OF  MARINE  WORK. 


PA:^K.E    &    LAGY  COMPANY 


^^^ 


'^^■^1,^    —  IMPOBTBRS    AND    MANUFACTURBBS    OF - 


MINING,    MILL    and    GENERAL     MACHINERY. 


ENGINES,  BOILERS,  STEAM  PUMPS, 

AIR  COMPRESSORS,  BOOK  DRILLS, 
WALL'S  CRUSHING  ROLLS, 

CONCENTRATORS,  PULVERIZERS, 
TURBINE  WATER  WHEELS, 

ROOK  BREAKERS,  DRY  JIGS,  'm 

Bullock's  Diamond  Drills 


GOLDEN  GATE  CONCENTRATORS, 

GREATEST  CAPACITY  OF  ANY  CONCENTRATOR  MADE, 
One  Machine  Taking  Pulp  from  10  Stamps. 


SAW    MILLS,    MACHINE    TOOLS, 
PLANING  MILLS,  INJECTORS  and  EJECTORS 
BELTING.  PACKING.  OILS,  LUBRICATORS, 
FIRE    EXTINGUISHERS, 
CENTRIFUGAL  PUMPS, 
ROTARY  PUMPS,  GANG  EDGERS, 
CAMPBELL'S    STEAM    FEEDS, 
MILL    and    MINE    SUPPLIES. 


Gr^iJxrjBrt.  /\  T  ■    jSk.c3r:Ei:Da^'rm    i'o:Ft. 


WESTINGHOUSE    AUTOMATIC     ENGINES. 

SALES  DURING  LAST  FOUR  MONTHS: 

nOMPnTTTMrj  44  engines,  STATSTD  AT?r»  98  BNGiNEs,  TTTMTOT?  lee  engines. 

\J\Ji3H.Sr\JiJAMlJ,    5215  HORSE  POWER.  Sj  XJXm  XJ2^.£\ilJ,    4500  HORSE  POWER.  d  U  IN  l\JXt,    4260  HORSE  POWEB. 

CrTca,ja.<3.   Tota,!,    30  9    Xiaiglxies,    .^ggx-ega.tlzi.B   X3.»'7B    JEXoirise    ^E'o'V^er. 


21  and  23  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


189  Clarence  St.,  Sydney,  N.  S.  W. 


NOTICE  TO  GOLD  MINERS! 


JUSTINIAN  CAIRE.  Agent, 

521  &  523  Market  St.,  San  Francisco, 


— DBALHR    IS- 


!&jsj\rxisrc3r 


Assayers'  and  MiDing  Material, 


— HAMnPAOTIIRBB    OF — 


GRAVEL,  OR  PLACER  MINES.  MADE  OF  BEST  SOFT  LAKF      UPERIOB  COPPER 

-A.T    xi.:e:x>xto:e:i3    x>xi.xo:e3s. 

Our  plates  are  guaranteed,  and  by  actual  experience  are  proved,  the   beej  in  weight  of  Sil-    BATTERY  SCREENS  AND  WIRE  CLOTH 

ver  and  durability.     Old  Mining  Plates  Replated,  Bought,  or  Gold  Separated.    THOUSANDS  

OF    ORDERS    FILLED. 

SAN    FRANCISCO    NOVELTY,  GOLD,  SILVER    AND    NICKEL    PLATING  WORKS,  ^e"*  'o^  HOSKINS' 

108  and  112  First  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.  HYDRO-CARBON    ASSAY   FaRNACES 

la-  SEND  FOR  CIRODLARS. 

IMPORTANT  TO  GOLD  MINERS! 

SILVER-PLATED  AMALGAM  PLATES  for  SAVING  GOLD 

IN    QUARTZ,    GRAVEL    AND    PLACER    MINING. 
PRICES  GREATLY  REDUCED. 

Only  Refined  Silver  and  Best  Copper  nsed.    Over  3000  Orders  fiUed.    Fifteen  Medals  Awarded,    Old  Uining  Plates  can   be 

Replated,    Old  Plates  Bought,  or  Gold  Separated, 

These  Plates  cao  also  be  purchased  of  JOHN  TAKLOR  &  CO..  Corner  First  and  Mission  Sts. 

San  Francisco  Gold,  Silver  and  Nicl<el  Plating  Worl<s,  653  &  655  Mission  St.,  San  Francisco.  Cal ,  E.  G.  Denniston,  PropV. 

Our  Plates  have  been  used  for  20  years.    They  have  proved  the  best.    We  adhere  strictly  to  contract  In  weight  of  Silver  and 
OoDDor.      SkNTD  P     R  CIROULAR. 

. MANUFACTDRBB    OF  

CENTRIFUGAL  ROLLER  QUARTZ  MILLS, 

Concentrators  and  Ore  Crushers, 
Mining  Machinery  of  Every  Description.        Steam  Engines  and  Shingle  Machines. 


SEND    FOR    CIRCULAR. 


Centrifngal  Boiler  Quartz  Mill. 


20.3     X'XXl.SI'     S'X'XIXIXIT', 


S.A.HO'     I'HJ^TitdlSCO,     CATi. 


^ 


VOL.    LX.- Number    3. 

DEWEY    ^    CO.,    PUBUSHERS. 


SAN    FRANCISCO,    SATURDAY,  JANUARY   18,   1890. 


Three  Dollars  per  Annum. 

Single  Copies,  10  Cts. 


GomponBd  EBgines. 

There  is  no  other  part  of  the  United 
States  where  Bteani'power  forms  so  im- 
portant a  place  in  general  indastry  as  on 
the  Paoitic  Coast,  nor  where  it  is  so  ex- 
tensively applied  to  mining,  draining, 
agrioulture,  grinding,  manufaotnring, 
transportation,  eta.  The  high  prioe  of 
labor  oompets  its  use  in  all  poseible  cases. 
Among  the  tirst  to  construct  compound 
engines  on  this  coast  were  the  Union  Iron 
Works,  who  have  applied  the  method  in 
all  of  its  different  forms,  and  to  engioea 
of  alt  kinds.  The  engines  shown  in  one 
of  the  engravings  on  this  page  are  those 
constructed  to  drive  the  main  works  of 
the  Union  Iron  Works.  They  are  com- 
ponod  and  condensing,  with  variable 
ont-o£f  geariug  on  the  first  or  initisl  oyl- 
inder,  aud  adjustable  cut-ofif  valves  on 
the  low-pressure  one. 

The  cylinders  are  16  inches  and  32 
inches  diameter  by  4S"  stroke,  the  steam 
being  expanded  to  nine  volumes.  The 
engines  are  capable  of  a  duty  of  250-horBe 
power,  and  oonsome  only  two  and  one- 
quarter  pounds  of  good  coal  for  each 
horse-power  per  boar.  There  is  a  great- 
er gain  by  compounding  when  a  con- 
denser is  ased.  In  cases  where  fuel  is 
dear,  as  on  the  Pacific  Coast,  and  water 
for  condensation  oan  be  procured,  the 
extra  investment  for  compounding  and 
oondensing  is  soon  regained  by  the  sav- 
ing in  running  expense.  The  Soott  &  O'Neill 
cut-off  engine,  also  shown  on  this  page,  is  an 
adaptation  of  the  disc  or  poppet-valve  system, 
with  variable  cut-off  gearing  to  stationary 
engines.  Such  engines  have  been  made  for 
the  past  ten  years  by  the  Union*  Iron  Works 
and  applied  to  various  purposes  with  great 
snooess,  especially  to  cable  railroad   work  and 


SCOTT    &    O'NEILL    PATENT    COMPOUND    ENGINE    AT    THE    UNION    lEON    WORKS. 


mining.  The  total  number  of  engines  of  this 
kind  oonatrncted  to  the  present  time  amounts 
to  over  72,000-horBe  power. 

A  peculiarity  and  advantage  of  valves  of  this 
kind  ia  the  rapidity  with  which  they  open  and 
close,  and  the  large  area  of  the  ports.  As  as- 
ually  constrnoted,  the  length  of  the  perimeter 
of  the  valves  is  equal  to  twice  the  diameter  of 


the  cylinder.  For  an  engine  of  IS-inoh  diame- 
ter the  length  of  the  openings  or  porta,  both  for 
induction  and  exhaust,  is  eqaal  to  a  slide  valve 
covering  ports  three  feet  wide. 

Another  feature  of  these  enginea  is  that  eaoh 
is  operated  by  an  independent  eccentric  and 
can  be  adjusted  at  will  to  regulate  the  amount 
of    oompression    and    lead.    The    orosa-head, 


SCOTT    &    O'NEILL    VARIABLE    CUT-OFF    ENGINE-ONE    HUNDBBD-HORSB    POWER. 


cranks,  connection  and  other  of  the  main  de- 
tails, are  all  made  in  accordance  with  the  very 
best  modern  practice.  The  piston'roda  are  of 
steel  and  have  patent  metallic  packing. 

Fly-wheels,  band-wheels,  rope-wheels  or  gear- 
wheels for  transmitting  power  are  shipped  as 
wanted.  Many  of  these  engines  have  been  ar- 
ranged for  rope  transmission,  and  have  perform- 
ed very  successfully  with  that  method. 

The  out  of  this  lOO-horse  power  Scott 
&  O'Neill  engine  shows  the  valve-gear- 
iog  and  regalating  mechanism.  The 
four  valves  are  actuated  by  the  shaft 
seen  in  front,  and  connected  with  the 
main  ahaft  by  positive  gearing.  The 
governor  and  variable  cut-off  gearing  are 
also  driven  from  this  same  shaft,  all  the 
oonneotions  being  positive,  bnt  adjasta- 
ble  and  easy  of  access. 

The  valves  are  so  constructed  that 
they  are  continually  rotating  at  each 
revolution,  so  the  faces  are  kept  true 
and  steam-tight  without  adjustment  or 
grinding.  This  ia  an  important  feature 
of  the  system,  eeouring  long  endurance 
and  economy  of  eteam.  The  rotation  of 
the  valves  is  performed  by  the  ateam  and 
without  geariog  of  any  kind. 

The  governor  is  driven  positively,  and 
is  connected  by  links  to  the  cut-off  gear- 
ing. The  resistance  required  for  regula- 
tion ia  almost  eliminated,  so  the  motion 
becomes  sensitive  and  regular  under  va- 
rying loads.  When  arranged  in  the  com- 
pound form,  the  low-pressure  cylinder 
has  a  similar  valve  arrangement;  but  the 
point  of  cutting  off  is  usually  adjust- 
ed by  hand,  the  governor  acting  for  the 
initial  cylinder  only.  They  also  build 
them  with  a  governor  on  both  cylinders 
oonneoted  together,  thereby  giving  the 
same  relative  admission  of  steam  at  all 
points  of  cut-off. 


38 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Jan.  18,  1890 


COF^F^ESPONDE^CE. 


We  admit,  unindoraed,  opinions  of  correBpondenta. — Eds. 


Califomians  in  Holland  and  Belgium. 

Editors  Press: — We  left  Heidelberg  at  3:50 
p.  M.  for  Mayenoe,  arrived  at  5:30  and  put  up 
at  the  Hotel  de  Ehine. 

The  country  from  Heidelberg  to  Mayence  w 
similar  to  that  from  Munich  to  Heidelberg — 
level,  with  green  fields  and  compact  little  vil- 
lages every  few  miles,  and  hundreds  of  small 
hop  patches.  No  pasture -fields,  no  good  large 
barns  for  storing  their  crops,  and  it  is  a  mystery 
to  me  what  they  do  with  their  hay  aud  grain. 

I  think,  without  exaggeration,  I  have  not 
seen  200  bead  of  loose  stock  out  in  the  fields 
since  I  left  France,  and  I  am  now  in  the  fourth 
di£ferent  country — Switzerland,  Italy,  Austria 
and  Germany. 

We  changed  cars  at  Darmstadt,  and  there 
met  a  gentleman  and  wife  and  son  from  Los 
Angeles — Matthay,  I  think,  was  his  name. 
We  were  as  pleased  to  see  them  as  though  they 
had  been  old  friend8,and  we  had  a  good  Ameri- 
oan  talk,  and  put  up  at  the  same  hotel  in  May* 
ence. 

This  is  quite  a  town,  with  some  very  old 
bnildings.  A  tall  tower  close  by  the  hotel  they 
claim  to  be  from  SOO  to  1000  years  old.  A  fine 
,  bridge  spans  the  Rhine,  which  is  a  little  wider 
than  the  Sacramento,  Here  tourists  take  and 
leave  the  boat  for  a  trip  up  or  down  the  Khine. 

We  take  the  boat  at  nine  o'clock  on  the  Idth. 
A  wet,  gloomy,  cold  morning,  with,  perhaps, 
50  passengers.  The  country  is  very  level  Here, 
and  the  voyager  does  not  get  into  the  hills  for 
an  hour  or  so.  The  wind  ia  blowing  a  hurri- 
cane, all  but  the  cane,  and  this  is  the  third 
time  I  have  worn  my  overcoat  since  I  left  Oali- 
fornia — once  at  sea,  once  off  the  coast  of  Ire- 
land  and  to-day  on  the  Rhine.  Not  over  half 
of  the  ladies  can  stay  on  deck,  and  it  seriously 
interferes  with  the  pleasures  of  the  trip.  I 
have  read  so  much  about  the  Rhine,  heard  it 
discussed  by  persons  that  have  made  the  trip, 
and  as  some  did  not  speak  in  flattering  terms, 
I  made  up  my  mind  to  have  no  prejudice 
against  it  at  starting.  Some  people  get  too 
exalted  an  opinion  from  others,  and  conse- 
quently they  are  disappointed  when  they  come 
to  view  it.  A  person  should  see  the  Rhine  be- 
fore he  sees  the  Alps  or  Switzerland,  or  he  is 
liable  to  be  disappointed.  It  is  entirely  differ- 
ent scenery  and  will  bear  no  oomparison.  It  is 
good  and  well  worth  the  trip.  The  hills  are 
well  terraced  with  stone  walls  and  grape-vines; 
the  high  peaks  contain  old  castles  and  ruins  and 
strong  fortifications.  We  pass  BiDgea,Coblentz, 
Bonn,  etc.,  etc.,  all  famous  in  history  or  song. 
There  is  a  railroad  on  either  side  with  numer- 
ous tunnels.  At  the  mouth  of  each  tunnel 
there  is  a  fancy  wall,  put  up  in  imitation  of 
towers  or  castles.  The  roads  seem  to  do  an 
immense  bnsinees,  from  the  number  of  trains 
we  saw  passing  to-day.  A  great  number  of 
canal-boats  were  being  towed  up  and  down  the 
river.  There  was  not  much  farming,  except 
grapes,  until  we  got  out  of  the  hills  and  pretty 
well  down  toward  Oologne. 

Cologne  is  a  much  larger  place  than  X  antic- 
ipated. It  has  a  very  fine  double  iron  bridge; 
one  side  for  the  public,  and  the  other  side, 
double  track  for  cars,  high  enough  for  steam- 
boats without  lowering  funnels.  It  has  a 
pontoon  bridge,  with  42  pointed  scow-boats, 
anchored  in  the  stream,  and  a  great  deal  of 
travel.  The  pontoon  bridge  was  quite  a  nov- 
elty to  me.  When  steamers  want  to  pass,  three 
of  the  boats  were  dropped  down  and  behind 
the  others  and  then  pulled  back  in  place  by 
machinery.  The  streets  of  the  old  town  are 
narrow,  dirty  and  crooked.  The  new  part  is 
being  hnitt  op  in  fine  style.  They  claim  the 
finest  G-othic  cathedral  in  the  world.  It  cost 
away  up  in  the  millions.  I  am  about  tired  of 
such  luxuries,  and  I  suppose  I  did  not  give  it 
that  consideration  its  mechanical  merit  de- 
serves, lam  tired  of  feeing  these  idle  loafers 
in  their  black  robes,  to  see  something  their 
grandfathers  did. 

They  make  everything  work,  eat  or  drink,  in 
this  country.  The  idle  do  most  of  the  eating 
and  drmking.  They  get  more  work  out  of 
their  dogs  than  any  place  I  have  seen  yet. 
One  and  two  dogs  are  hitched  to  nearly  every 
cart,  and  they  pull  with  a  will.  I  saw  a  three- 
tandem  team.  The  man  at  end  of  shafts,  one 
dog  hitched  to  axletree,  walking  on  the  man's 
heels,  the  other  dog  bitched  to  the  rear  of  the 
cart  and  walking  behind  the  axletree,  all  doing 
good  work. 

They  have  some  very  old  buildings,  the  arch- 
itecture whereof  must  have  been  planned  in 
some  diseased  mind.  I  took  one  of  them  to  be 
the  first  handiwork  of  Adam  when  winter  was 
approaching,  and  the  other  bnilt  from  the 
wrecks  of  the  ark  by  Noah.  I  would  give  a 
good  price  for  one  of  these  country  wagons  to 
drive  in  a  procession  on  Fourth  of  July. 

We  took  the  cars  at  Cologne  at  1:30  and 
arrived  at  Amsterdam  at  8  p.  m.  The  country 
is  well  tilled,  and  shows  a  good  growth  of  sec- 
ond crop  of  clover  in  blossom,  alfalfa,  grain, 
and  an  abundance  of  vegetables.  Before  we 
crossed  the  Rhine,  we  passed  over  very  level 
bottom  land,  used  mostly  for  grazing  purposes. 
And  here  we  begin  to  see  stook  out  to  pasture, 
and  most  of  it  is  the  black  and  white  Holstein 
or  Dutch  cow.  Occasionally  there  is  a  fence 
or  hedge,  but  the  land  is  mostly  divided  by 
^jtobeEl  with  small   bridges  and  bars  and  gates. 


We  crossed  the  Rhine  on  a  single-traok  iron 
ferryboat.  String  wire  cables  are  fattened  to 
either  bank,  passing  over  or  around  large 
wheels  on  the  boat,  which  are  revolved  by 
steam  polling  the  boat.  There  are  two  boats, 
each  boat  carrying  eight  or  ten  cars.  From 
here  to  Amsterdam  is  a  level  country,  and 
water  almost  on  the  surface;  feed  was  in  abun- 
dance and  thoueands  of  cattle  enjoying  it. 
Nothing  but  the  Holstein  cattle  are  seen.  The 
village  system  of  farming  is  disappearing,  and 
I  occasionally  see  a  farmhouse  with  barns, 
stacks,  etc. 

Amsterdam  Is  built  upon  a  site  like  that 
which  might  be  found  between  Suisun  and 
Benicia,  on  the  tules.  The  map  of  the  city 
looks  like  the  three  sides  of  a  spider's  web,  the 
streets  and  canals  running  like  the  threads  of 
the  web,  converging  gradually  toward  the  cen- 
ter. With, all  my  reading  about  the  city  of 
Amsterdam,  I  had  a  very  imperfect  idea  of  It, 
I  could  hardly  realize  that  there  were  as  many' 
canals  as  there  were  in  Venice,  and  much  bet- 
ter arranged.  Nearly  every  street  of  impor- 
tance has  a  canal  in  the  center,  with  streets  or 
roadway  on  either  side.  Some  canals  are  30, 
10  and  100  feet  wide,  and  some  few  narrower. 
There  are  90  islands  and  300  bridges  that  cross 
these  canals  from  one  street  to  another. 
Oanal-boats  are  going  and  coming  with  their 
loads,  like  track  teams.  Small  steamers  built 
low  down  ply  up  and  down  the  largest  canal, 
some  as  tow-boats  and  others  for  passengers. 

The  old  houses  are  narrow  and  high,  and  not 
one  in  ten  stands  plumb.  They  look  as  though 
they  would  topple  over  very  soon.  There  are 
some  nice  bnildings  here.  It  must  be  expen- 
sive to  get  a  proper  foundation  in  such  a  wet 
soil. 

I  beli€VB  they  claim  300,000  population,  I 
should  hardly  think  it  would  justify  such  fig- 
ures. We  took  carriage  and  rode  around  the  city 
and|  out  to  see  the  dikes.  Failing  to  get  a 
proper  map,  I  found  it  difficult  to  obtain  the 
desired  information  in  regard  to  reclamation. 
There  are  so  many  dikes,  canals,  levees,  eto., 
that  I  could  not  inform  myself  as  I  would 
like  to. 

We  found  a  young  man  who  could  speak 
good  English  and  willing  to  impart  anything 
that  he  knew,  but  the  trouble  was,  he  did  not 
know  much  about  the  business  and  was  liable 
to  mislead. 

We  found  another  bright  young  man,  appar- 
ently an  assistant  engineer,  who  had  the  in- 
formation, but  spoke  indifferent  English,  and  it 
was  hard  for  him  to  explain.  On  the  outer 
levee  they  were  doing  a  fine  piece  of  stone- 
work. From  what  I  could  gather  and  see,  I 
think  thay  are  putting  in  gates  to  let  out  the 
stagnant  water  of  the  city  at  low  tide  and  let 
in  new  water  at  high  tide.  They  have  re- 
claimed a  good  deal  of  land  from  the  inland  sea 
and  have  it  in  a  fioe  state  of  cultivation.  They 
have  been  most  determined  and  persevering  in 
building  up  this  city  and  reclaiming  its  lands. 
It  has  cost  an  immense  amount  of  money, 
thought  and  experiment, 

I  took  the  little  steamer  and  went  up  to  the 
town  or  city  called  Ziandam,  that  claims  a 
population  of  12,000.  I  had  hardly  got  ashore 
when  I  was  solicited  by  a  native  to  be  my 
guide.  I  made  arrangements  with  him  and  we 
took  carriage  and  started.  The  first  thing  he 
showed  me  was  an  old  house  that  had  cut  over 
the  top  of  the  door,  "Anno  1654."  We  left 
the  carriage  and  walked  through  a  narrow  lane, 
where  stood  a  modern  house,  1S25,  over  an  old 
house  built  in  1632,  and  in  which  Peter  the 
Great  lived  in  1697,  when  he  worked  at  ship- 
building in  this  town.  The  chairs  and  table 
that  he  used  were  there.  I  had  to  stoop  down 
to  go  through  the  door  from  one  room  to 
another.  The  boarding  on  the  outside  was  over 
a  foot  wide  and  the  whole  thing  had  the  ap- 
pearance of  quite  an  ancient  house.  I  also 
walked  through  the  ship-yard  where  he  worked 
at  his  trade. 

I  went  in  and  inspected  one  of  those  large, 
four-armed  windtnills  that  we  see  pictured  out 
BO  much  in  the  old  country.  Eiich  arm  must 
be  at  least  30  feet  long  and  tdey  go  with  tre- 
mendous power.  This  one  was  pumping  water 
from  the  land  side  into  the  canal.  An  old  man 
and  his  wife  were  living  in  it  and  attending  to 
it.  Their  three  sons  were  at  home  at  the  time. 
The  mills  are  worked  with  wooden  coga,  and 
have  a  turntable,  so  as  to  be  faced  to  the  wind. 
There  ia  a  powerful  brake  they  apply  when 
they  wish  to  stop  the  mill.  They  stopped  it  to 
show  me  how  it  worked.  They  seemed  as 
pleased  to  show  me  the  mill  as  I  was  to  see  it. 
I  loaned  the  old  lady  a  small  reminder  until  I 
call  again.  The  old  gentleman  seemed  pleased 
at  my  attentions  to  his  frau,  for  he  put  on  a 
very  broad  smile,  and  gave  a  strong  whiff  to  his 
pipe. 

We  drove  several  miles  up  a  narrow  street 
close  to  a  small  canal  nearly  on  a  level  with 
the  land.  Houses  were  built  on  both  sides, 
and  nearly  every  house  had  to  have  a  small 
bridge  to  get  over  to  the  street. 

I  am  very  sorry  I  cannot  stay  here  at  least 
one  week  and  make  a  thorough  investigation 
of  this  old  city,  with  its  remarkable  history, 
its  dikes  and  processes  and  extent  of  reclama- 
tion. Any  account  I  can  get  of  this  city.  I 
shall  read  with  greater  interest  than  ever.  For 
want  of  time  I  have  not  visited  its  museums, 
art  galleries,  or  zoological  gardens,  which  are 
said  to  be  good. 

We  left  Amsterdam  at  12:30,  arrived  in  Brus- 
sels at  6  p.m.,  and  putup  at  Grand  Hotel  de 
Saxe.  Having  a  little  spare  time  before  we  left, 
we  took  a  run  through  a  church  founded  in  1408, 
which  had   some  very  fin©  pulpit  carving  and 


other  oddities;  also  visited  the  King's  palace.  It 
is  a  large,  plain  stone  building  on  the  outside, 
and  a  person  would  hardly  believe  the  beauty 
it  contained  within.  Nearly  every  room  was 
finished  or  covered  with  polished  marble  of  the 
finest  kind.  It  made  a  peculiar  and  rich  room. 
Fine  pictures  were  on  the  wall  and  on  the  ceil- 
ing. Each  picture  was  emblematic  or  had  a 
meaning  and  was  appropriate  to  time  and 
place.  The  equestrian  statue  of  the  father  of 
the  present  King  was  in  one  of  the  large  rooms. 
We  regretted  very  much  that  we  had  to  hurry 
throogh  BO  rapidly,  as  we  probably  shall  never 
see  another  marble  palace  like  that,  and  it  was 
a  mystery  to  us  how  the  economic  Hollanders 
ever  allowed  th':mselves  so  much  extravagance. 

The  trip  was  through  a  level  country,  with 
canals,  ditches  and  levees  everywhere;  splen- 
did green  grass  and  thousands  of  the  black 
and  white  Holstein  or  Butch  cattle  in  every 
direction.  There  were  no  fences,  but  some  good 
large  barns  and  good  farm  houses.  I  do  Aot 
know  that  I  ever  went  through  snob  an  extent 
of  level  ground  and  such  fine  feed  and  crops. 
In  one  town,  about  half  the  place  was  occupied 
with  nursery  trees,  shrubs  and  flowers  and  of  a 
very  fine  growth,  and  showed  a  good  deal  of 
skill  in  their  training. 

With  all  this  rich  soil,  I  had  no  desire  to  live 
on  it,  but  would  hke  to  have  owned  a  few 
hundred  acres  to  turn  my  stook  in  to  see  them 
grow  and  get  fat.  We  passed  through  The 
Hague  and  Rotterdam,  large,  fine  places  on 
level  ground  with  water  nearly  on  the  surface. 
Quite  extensive  improvements  were  going  on 
at  Rotterdam,  on  the  outside  of  the  city,  which 
showed  thrift  and  prosperity. 

We  intended  to  stop  at  Antwerp,  but  con- 
cluded to  go  on  to  Brussels  and 'stop  as  we 
came  back  to  take  steamer  for  London.  We 
were  more  favorably  impressed  with  Brussels 
than  any  city  that  we  have  seen  on  the  continent, 
outside  of  Paris.  There  is  a  life,  thrift  and 
cleanliness  about  the  city  that  takes  right  away 
and  makes  a  person  feel  at  home  at  once.  The 
merchants  have  large  show  windows  and  have 
a  knack  of  showing  off  their  goods  in  a  tasteful 
and  attractive  way,  and  causes  a  desire  to  buy 
something  out  of  every  window.  We  went  to 
the  lace  manufacturers,  which  was  a  source  of 
great  joy  to  the  three  ladies  in  our  party.  If  the 
skill  of  the  fair  bands  in  this  city  can  prevent, 
our  ladies  are  determined  that  mosquitoes  and 
cold  weather  shall  forever  after  be  a  stranger 
to  them,  while  Mr.  H.  and  myself  sit  in 
silent  meditation,  pondering  the  price  of  hops 
and  bouquets  in  the  future.  Statues,  monu- 
ments and  oolumna  are  plenty.  We  took  a 
ride  on  the  electric  street  road  which  worked 
well  for  a  diatanoe  of  about  a  mile,  and  some 
of  the  way  up  grade.  A  great  many  wooden 
shoes  are  worn  in  this  country,  and  the  first 
pair  I  saw  I  thought  from  the  size  that  the 
owner-  was  about  to  perform  some  great  feat  in 
water-walkiog,  so  with  purse  in  hand  I  followed 
him  for  awhile,  desiring  to  purchase  tickets  for 
his  exhibition.  I  soon  saw  so  many  with  the 
wooden  shoes  that  I  thought  I  might  see  some 
of  their  feats  without  pay — a  thing  that  never 
occurs  in  this  country — so  I  saved  my  guilder 
and  called  at  the  corner  to  inquire  the  price  of 
scheidam  schnapps. 

We  were  shown  through  the  Hall  of  Justice, 
which  is  a  large,  fine  building,  and  everything 
seemed  well  arranged.  We  were  shown  a 
room  where  every  day,  at  certain  hours,  civil 
marriages  were  solemnized  by  the  proper  official. 

We  then  went  through  the  rain  to  visit  the 
cathedral — a  large,  fine  building,  but  no  com- 
parison to  some  that  we  have  visited.  Oandles 
were  burning  by  the  hundred;  men  and  women 
were  at  their  devotional  exercises.  A  big, 
burly  six  footer,  with  brass  buttons,  cocked 
hat  and  long  wand,  stalked  through  the  aisles 
and  waved  back  the  visitors.  I  took  a  seat  in 
one  of  the  low  chairs  facing,  as  I  supposed,  the 
most  oonspicuouB  place  in  church.  He  tapped 
me  on  the  shoulder  and  turned  around  my 
chair,  as  much  as  to  say,  that  view  is  good 
enough  for  you  heathens.  I  gave  him  a  low 
bow  and  child-like  smile  by  showing  my  dis- 
sent to  his  judgment,  and  moved  off  to  another 
part  of  the  church  to  commune  with  what 
seemed  to  me  best. 

Porters  or  commissioners  are  standing  on  the 
streets  everywhere,  especially  at  stations  and 
hotels,  dressed  with  white  blouses  and  brass 
bands  around  the  arms  with  numbers.  Mr.  H. 
wanted  to  go  to  the  bank  to  draw  some  funds, 
and  was  very  near  to  it  when  he  asked  one  of 
these  men  the  direction.  Two  of  them  started 
with  him  to  the  bank,  and  as  he  was  about  to 
disappear  in  the  door,  both  yelled  out  in  broken 
Eoglish,  *' Commission,  commission."  Mr.  H. 
said:  *'  I  did  not  ask  you  to  go  to  the  bank,  I 
merely  asked  the  direction." 

He  went  in  and  got  some  funds,  and  as  he 
came  out,  they  repeated  again  "  Commission  !" 
He  saw  it  was  useless  to  talk  to  them,  bo  he 
pulled  out  two  pieces  of  Swiss  money  that  all 
other  natives  refuse  to  take  and  gave  each  a 
piece.  While  they  were  examining  them  to 
ascertain  the  value  of  the  queer  coin,  Mr.  H. 
slid  away. 

It  reminded  me  of  the  story  of  the  man  rid- 
ing through  a  country  that  was  full  of 
wolves,  and  they  made  chase,  while  he  would 
gain  a  little  time  by  occasionally  throwing  out 
a  piece  of  meat  or  a  bundle  of  something  for 
them  to  examine  and  fight  over.  They  will 
stand  at  the  hotel,  and  when  a  hack  drives  up, 
the  driver  will  take  gripsack  off  hack,  and  these 
porters  will  snatch  it  up  and  run  in  and  demand 
a  fee.  They  continually  play  into  each  other's 
hands,  and  the  best  way  is  to  have  as  little  to 
do  >vith  them  as  possible.  D.  Flint. 


Suggestions  for  Controlling  our  Rivers. 

Ebitoks  Press: — In  times  of  disastrous 
floods  the  public  will  be  more  open  to  convic- 
tion ooncerning  the  importance  of  doing  what 
we  oan  to  control  our  rivers  and  prevent  the 
vast  damage  done  by  their  overflowing,  partic- 
ularly in  washing  away  good  soil,  so  that  it  is 
hoped  the  following  suggestions  and  facts  may 
tend  to  promote  action  toward  these  ends. 

Having  lived  for  several  years  only  too  near 
the  Santa  Clara  river  of  the  South,  and  having 
sustained  considerable  damage,  both  from  the 
recent  and  other  floods,  the  public  importance 
of  controlling  this  serious,  oontinuouB,  and  in 
great  part  needless  waste  of  the  resources  of 
the  country  has  been  long  impressed  upon  the 
writer. 

It  is  quite  within  the  truth  to  say  that  the 
loss  along  this  one  mountain  torrent  for  only 
about  ten  miles,  the  region  best  known  to  your 
correspondent,  has  been  100  acres  of  good  farm- 
ing land  within  the  past  six  years.  This  is 
written  with  but  limited  reports  ooncerning 
our  last  flood.  To  estimate  that  this  little 
county  may  have  lost  500  acres  of  good  farm- 
ing land  in  this  time  is  putting'  it  too  low.  In 
the  flood  of  '84  over  70  acres  were  washed 
away  from  one  ranch  alone,  Taylor's  on  the 
Ventura  river,  the  best  part  of  it. 

The  publio  is  interested  in  this  waste  by  its 
loss  of  property  to  levy  taxes  upon  for  all  time, 
as  well  as  by  the  loss  to  the  owner,  a  part  of 
itself,  many  of  whom  are  seriously  crippled. 
To  offset  this  loss  there  is  no  gain.  If  the  loss 
to  the  State  at  large  by  this  last  flood  runs  into 
millions  of  dollars,  as  rumor  already  has  it, 
surely  the  prevention  of  this  for  the  future  is 
of  great  publio  importance. 

The  plan  to  be  brought  forward  here  had  been 
in  successful  operation  several  centuries,  along 
the  river  Po  in  Northern  Italy,  before  the  great 
Goethe  visited  the  country  about  100  years 
ago.  He  was  so  struck  by  its  great  public  im- 
portance, efficiency  and  simplicity  that  he  gave 
an  account  of  it  in  some  of  his  writings  and  in- 
duced the  Government  of  Weimar  to  try  it  on 
some  of  its  small  rivers. 

The  physical  geography  of  the  valley  of  the 
Po  ie  very  like  that  of  our  Sacramento  and  San 
Joaquin  basin;  both  being  liable  to  floods  from 
sudaen  melting  of  mountain  snows;  a  long  ex- 
tent of  both  valleys  being  very  fiat.  For  ages 
the  loss  to  population  and  property  in  the  val- 
ley of  the  Po  had  been  enormous,  until  the  fol- 
lowing engineering  plan  was  adopted:  This 
consisted  essentially  in  building  solid  immova- 
ble jetties  into  the  current,  where  it  tended  to 
encroach,  or  to  spread  out  too  much,  making 
the  current  swifter  and  deeper  so  that  it  washed 
along  much  loose  material,  stones,  etc.,  that 
had  formerly  caused  frequent  changes  of  chan- 
nel by  obstructing  old  ones.  Jetties  being 
built  along  the  whole  course  of  the  stream,  on 
alternate  sides  as  the  current  required  them, 
it  was  also  prevented  from  making  these  dan- 
gerous changes  of  channel  and  confined  to  the 
most  suitable  course  at  will.  The  eddies 
formed  bolow  each  jetty  catch  and  deposit  the 
light  particles,  which  in  time  amount  to  consid- 
erable soil,  thus  reclaiming  flat  land  not  needed 
for  the  water  course. 

Oar  celebrated  American  engineer  Eads  fol- 
lowed practically  the  same  plan  in  sucoesBfully 
deepening  and  keeping  free  one  of  the  mouths 
of  the  Mississippi  river,  where  he  had  to  con- 
tend both  with  the  enormous  deposits  brought 
down  by  the  river,  its  current,  as  well  as  with 
the  ocean  tides. 

If,  now,  the  river  Po  has  been  Buccessfully 
controlled  for  centuries,  and  the  mighty  Miss- 
issippi for  years,  snrely  all  Oalifornia  rivers 
may  be  held  within  hounds,  Sicramento  and 
San  Joaquin,  as  well  as  the  mountain  torrents 
of  which  there  are  so  many. 

For  broad,  sandy  bedded  streams  like  the 
Santa  Clara  of  the  South,  constantly  shifting 
ltd  channel  and  making  new  distribution,  its 
banks  being  almost  entirely  of  rich  farming  or 
occasional  sandy  lands,  the  most  suitable  jetty 
that  I  have  been  able  to  think  of  would  be  one 
made  by  driving  long,  strong  piles,  such  as  the 
railroads  use  for  bridges,  at  the  proper  places 
and  angles  to  the  stream,  spiking  strong  planks 
to  them  from  below  the  sand  bed  to  as  high  a 
point  as  the  water  rises  in  floods.  As  the 
leneth  of  these  jetties  need  seldom  be  over  25 
or  30  feet,  and  as  they  might  often  be  a  quarter 
of  a  mile  or  more  apart,  the  expense  woulonot  bo 
too  heavy  to  be  borne,  especially  if  all  riparian 
owners,  as  well  as  the  public,  shared  in  it 
equitably.  Here  the  value  of  reclaimed  land 
would  be  considerable. 

Of  course  the  possibility  of  this  being  done 
at  ail  depends  upon  its  being  given  in  charge  to 
some  publio  authority,  whether  of  State  or 
counties  singly  or  jointly,  so  that  some  con- 
nected and  sensible  scheme  could  be  followed; 
this  to  be  determined  by  persons  better 
acquainted  with  public  affairs  or  engineering 
thhu  the  writer. 

Surely  some  of  our  oounty  money  now  wasted 
on  plowing  up  the  dirt  roads  once  in  awhile 
would  be  better  employed  in  controlling  the 
streams,  and  if  the  politicians  woald  only  allow 
us  to  enjoy  as  rational  and  profitable  publio 
control  ui  our  rivers,  to  lessen  damages  by  floods, 
and  of  our  forests,  so  closely  associated  with 
regulating  the  flow  of  the  rainfall  into  the 
streams,  to  prevent  floods,  they  would  allow  us 
to  enjoy  in  this  "  free  country  "  what  some  of 
the  " effete  monarchies  of  Europe''  have  had 
for  generatinns,  - 

Ventura  Co.,  Dec,  1SS9. 


Jan.  13,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


39 


Liberty  Mining  District,  Siskiyou   Co. 

Editors  Press:— Tbere  la  probibly  no  aeo- 
tioD  in  OAltforoift  which  cffera  better  iadace* 
meats  for  extensive  hydraulio  placer  miLiDg, 
or  any  so  long  neglected,  &s  Liberty  mining  dis- 
trict, Siskiyou  ooanty. 

Mining  cApitalists  seldom  reach  farther  than 
Etna  Mills,  owing  to  the  termination  of  the 
wagon-road  at  that  place  and  to  the  inconven- 
ienoes  of  traveling  mnle-baolE  over  the  mountain 
trail,  which  coDtiDoes  on  from  EDna  Mills 
aoross  the  Salmon  range  Into  the  north  foik  of 
Salmon  river. 

There,  there  are  many  large  deposits  of 
gravel  bars  and  high  benches  which  are  very 
rich,  affordiog  a  productive  field  for  bydraul- 
ioking. 

The  faoilities  for  hydraalio  operations  are  all 
that  can  be  desired.  The  water  privileges  are 
exsellenfc.  The  river,  having  a  natural  descent 
of  ever  80  feet  to  the  mile,  makes  snffi.'ient 
wattsr  available  for  all  necessary  purposes. 

One  deoidtd  advantage  this  district  poBsesses 
in  regard  to  hydraalioking  is  the  liberty  to 
dnmp  the  debris  into  the  streams.  There  is 
not  a  spot  along  the  entire  course  of  the  river 
frim  its  sources  to  where  it  empties  into  the 
Klamath,  and  from  there  on  to  the  coast,  that 
is  dt voted  to  agrionlture;  thns  no  complaints 
ever  arise  to  interropt  the  constant  ranoiog  of 
the  mines. 

Owing  to  lack  of  capital,  the  "  river  bars  " 
have  been  practically  nntouohed  with  the  ex- 
oeption  of  the  rims  and  outlets  which  have 
been  sluiced  two  or  three  times  over  with  re- 
munerative results.  Good  wages  are  being 
made  by  the  miners  working  the  galchea  ana 
shallow  deposits  along  the  river. 

Quartz  mining  has  taken  a  rapid  stride 
dming  the  past  year,  and  the  present  ontlook 
(or  the  future  is  certainly  eaoouragtog.  Many 
rich  leads  have  been  discovered,  several  of 
which,  though  worked  on  a  small  soale,  are 
paying  handsomely. 

The  present  heavy  snowfalls  in  the  mount* 
ains  are  eagerly  welcomed  by  the  miners,  who 
all  expeot  a  long  and  prosperous  run  next  sea- 
son. Frank  H.  Hall, 

Etna  Mills,  Sitikiyou  Co.,  Cat 


Mining  Accidents  Prevented. 

Editors  Press: — In  reviewing  the  late  fear- 
fal,  fatal  catastrophe  at  the  Ucioa  mine,  snob 
might  have  been  prevented  had  the  worked- 
oat  ground  been  filled  in  between  the  timbers 
by  debris,  obtained  if  from  no  other  available 
source,  from  the  surface,  by  making  npraisea, 
passes,  or  chutes,  and  so  shoot  the  waste  mate 
rial  into  the  worked-oat  atopea  or  open  apaoes, 
thaa  compactly  secutiug  the  ground.  This 
would  prevent  any  possible  chance  of  oollapee, 
if  properly  filled  up  to  the  weak  surface  por* 
tton  of  the  minn.  This  system  ia  made  oom- 
pulsory  in  the  K;w  Zealand  mines,  and  ahonld 
be  carried  out  in  all  extensive  mining  opera- 
trons,  for  it  ia  alwaya  practicable.  In  New 
Zealand  the  mines  are  carefully  inspected 
monthly,  and  oftener  when  there  is  a  autpioioo 
that  danger  may  exist,  by  a  competent  mining 
pngineer,  who  is  a  regular  appointee  of  the 
Gr.vernment  in  the  capacity  of  mining  inapfot- 
or.  An  Act  of  the  Legislature  of  thia  State 
ahould  be  paased,  enforcing  some  such  regula- 
tion, whereby  the  Uvea  of  the  miners  may  be 
better  aeonred,  and  accideuta  generally  in 
mlDea  reduced  to  the  minimum.  Arqus. 


A  Mine  Mystery. — While  a  party  of  miners 
were  domg  aeaetament  work  on  what  is  known 
as  the  Black  Sulphnrets  mine  in  Irish  Mount- 
ain, Nev.,  for  A,  W.  Gsar,  George  Blythe,  the 
leader  of  the  party,  while  cleaning  the  debris 
from  the  above  mine  and  after  cleaning  out 
about  two  feet  of  the  accumulation,  struok  some 
bones,  the  first  being  the  under  j  twbone,  and 
after  a  thorough  search  a  full  human  skeleton 
was  unearthed  of  a  white  man  about  six  feet  in 
bight.  This  mine  has  not  been  worked  for  15 
or  20  years.  The  shaft  was  26  feet  deep,  6  feet 
long  by  3  wide,  and  waa  dug  in  auch  a  way 
that  the  dirt  on  the  corpse  could  not  have  got 
there  but  by  being  thrown  in  by  human  agenoy. 
There  is  a  story  sfliat  that  twomen  left  North- 
ern California  some  four  years  ago,  one  of 
whom  had  had  hie  left  thigh-bone  broken. 
Afterward  the  other  retnrneH  and  said  his  part- 
ner had  been  killed  in  Irish  Monntain, 


An  Electric  Meter  — So  general  ia  becom- 
ing the  uae  ot  eleotrio  lights  that  a  meter  to 
make  an  equitable  charge  to  consumers  for  the 
amonnt  of  current  actually  utilizsd  ia  a  necee- 
aity.  Repeated  experiments  in  this  direotitn 
have  been  made,  but  with  indifferent  enooeaa. 
The  latest  invention,  and  which  expert  judi^es 
pronounce  a  anocees,  ia  that  of  Albert  H.  Mm* 
waren,  a  brother-in-law  of  M.  D.  Liw,  formerly 
anperintendent  in  this  city  of  the  Brush  Elec- 
tric L'ght  Co.  Hitherto  those  who  used  elec- 
tric lights  have  been  at  the  mercy  of  the  com- 
pany, but  with  the  meter  it  ia  stited  that  the 
preoise  amount  of  current  utilized  is  recorded — 
a  great  convenience  to  those  who  use  either 
eleotrio  light  or  eleotrio  motora. 

A  DiSPATCu  from  B  uaaels  Bays  that  the 
mine-owoeiB  at  Oharleroi,  where  strikes  are  in 
progress,  will  make  no  conoesaions,  thinking 
that  the  minora  will  not  be  able  to  hold  out 
long.  This  action  baa  greatly  incensed  the 
men,  and  the  strike  is  assuming  alarming  pro- 
portioDB, 


Trusts   Declared   Unlawful. 

A  little  while  ago  tou  country  was  greatly 
agitated  ever  the  rprtai  of  anarchical  eociaUsm. 
The  people  stood  aghast  before  the  H^ymarktt 
outrage  in  Chicago,  and  the  oivio  authorities 
hastened  to  stamp  out  the  evil  as  they  would 
the  plague  or  a  fire.  But  in  the  meantime 
there  has  been  steadily  and  silently  growing  in 
our  midst  a  more  misohievoua  and  alarming 
evil,  one  that  threatens  to  strangle  the  leading 
industries  of  the  land.  It  differs  from  Chicago 
anarchism  in  the  agencies  it  uses.  The  poor, 
beer*soaked,  fanatical  anarchist  throws  bombe; 
the  oapitallstio  anarchist  proposes  to  so  manipu- 
late the  law  governing  partus  rships  and  corpora- 
tions as  to  manufacture  a  vast  shield  to  protect 
thit  ving  Bohemes. 

Such  is  the  attitude  of  the  so-called  trusts 
or  combines  that  have  so  alarmingly  multiplied 
of  late.  The  following  indictment  may  be  tiled 
against  the  trusts  : 

1.  They  tend  to  build  up  monopolies  and 
drive  small  oapitiUsts  out  of  business. 

2.  They  dettroy  competition,  the  great 
minifier  of  profit  and  equalizer  of  prices. 

3.  They  amaaa  fottnnes  at  the  expense  of 
the  community  by  increasing  the  price  of  com- 
modities. 

4.  They  build  up  an  oligarchy  which  wields 
ita  own  interests  against  that  of  the  community, 
thereby  endangering  pnraonal  freedom  and 
menacing  the  existence  of  democratic  institu- 
tions. 

It  is  a  matter  of  gratification  that  our  courts 
so  far  have  been  so  prompt  and  pronounced  in 
trying  to  arrest  the  apread  of  this  evil.  Judge 
Birrett  of  New  York  waa  the  first  to  declare 
the  Sugar  Trust  a  "  criminal  enterprise,"  and 
bis  opinion  has  been  ratified  by  the  Supreme 
Court  of  that  State,  And  now  Judge  W.  T. 
Wallace  of  this  city  has  dealt  the  trust-method 
of  doing  business  another  staggering  blow.  It 
will  be  remembered  that  on  the  5ch  of  Novem- 
ber, 1SS8,  the  Attorney-General,  O.  A,  John- 
son, filed  a  complaint  in  the  Superior  Court  of 
this  county  and  city,  alleging  that  the  Aoierioan 
Sugar  Refinery  of  this  city  had  violated  its 
charter  by  joining  the  Sugar  Trust,  thereby  dis- 
regarding the  purposes  for  which  it  was  incor- 
porated by  surrendering  the  management  of  ita 
cnnoerns  to  a  body  of  men  known  as  the  Sugar 
Rsfineries'  Company,  usually  called  tbe  Sogu 
Trust.  That  said  company  is  not  a  corporation, 
but  is  an  unlawful  combination  and  monopoly, 
acting  in  the  reetraiut  of  trade,  and  that  the 
Ametioan  Sugar  Refinery  Company  by  amalga- 
mating with  the  Sugar  Truat  bad  ceased  to 
maintain  ita  Identity  and  exerciae  the  functions 
for  which  it  waa  created  and  had  therefore  for- 
feited its  charter.  These  allegations  Judge 
Wallace  has  in  hia  decision  ably  and  lucidly 
maintained.  Aftfr  stating  a  finding  and  a  few 
established  principles,  hia  honor  says  : 

**The  stated  purpose  for  which  tbe  *  Ameri- 
can Sugar  Refinery  Company  *  became  incor- 
porated was  the  production — the  competitive 
production — of  eugar  to  supply  human  want; 
the  business  franchise  granted  waa  not  for  tbe 
sole  benefit  of  the  corporation  or  its  atockhold 
ers,  but,  in  a  measure,  for  that  of  the  pablio  as 
well;  the  understood  commercial  policy  under- 
lying the  grant,  and  to  the  observance  of  which 
the  defendant,  by  accepting  it,  atood  commit- 
ted, looked  to  tbe  promotion  of  trade  in  that 
commodity — the  promotion  of  trade  neceBsarity 
denotes  the  enoouragement  of  rivalry  in  the 
business — competition  on  equal  terms  ia  oon- 
ceded  to  be  the  life  of  trade,  and  to  invite  and 
promote  that  oompetition  is  the  established  pol- 
icy of  our  laws.  As  oompetition  tends  to  ore- 
ate  trade,  ao  monopoly  tends  to  destroy  it. 
Thia  ia  the  axiom  which  underlies  the  Constitu- 
tion and  general  legislation  of  this  S  sate,  and 
upon  which  the  decisions  of  ita  courts  have 
habitually,  not  to  say  uniformly,  proceeded," 

We  quote  this  clauae  of  tbe  opinion  because 
it  has  an  ulterior  bearing.  Judge  Wallace  here 
clearly  holds  that  a  oorporation  is  not  created 
for  the  sole  benefit  of  the  incorporators,  but  for 
the  welfare  of  the  public  as  wqII,  and  that  a 
monopoly  injures  trade  by  destroying  competi- 
tion in  buaineaa.  Now  where  shall  we  place 
the  limit  to  thia  principle  ?  Jay  Gould  controls 
the  telegraph.  A  few  railroad  barons  control 
transportation.  A  trust  is  a  partnership  of 
corporationa,  and  such  a  combine  ia  declared 
illegal  and  void;  then  why  not  be  equally 
prompt  and  stern  in  limiting  the  powers  of  a 
oorporation  managed  by  one  or  more  men  ?  The 
only  difference  is  that  in  one  case  we  are  under 
an  oligarchy  and  the  other  under  a  deapot. 

But  let  us  not  shout  before  we  are  out  of  the 
woods.  Trusts  are  lucrative  and  will  not  die 
easily.  The  action  of  the  North  River  Sugar 
Refinery  Co.  in  commencing  to  wind  up  its 
affairs  looks  as  if  it  had  been  compelled  to  go 
out  of  business  by  the  foroe  of  Judge  Barrett's 
decision,  but  the  New  York  Times  aaya  "the 
scheme  is  an  attempt  to  throw  over  the  Sugar 
Trust  as  it  stands  the  cloak  of  a  Connecticut 
charter,  in  order  that  the  truit  may  oarry  on 
its  business  as  heretofore  and  in  defiance  of  the 
courts  of  the  State  of  Naw  York."  An  effort 
may  be  made  here  to  fiink  Judge  Wallace's 
decision  by  a  similar  aubterfuge.  It  ia  under- 
stood that  an  appeal  will  be  taken  to  the 
Supreme  Conrt,  which,  if  it  furnishes  no  hope, 
may  at  least  give  the  protean  business  time 
enough  to  change  its  shape  and  color,  and  it 
may  emerge  in  another  form. 

Bat  why  stop  here?  The  whole  family  of 
trusts  are  illegal  associations  of  capital,  eeoret 
or  aemi-seor^t  Qnanc^al  conapiraoieB,  the  object 


of  which  id  to  art.fioially  enhance  tbe  price  of 
ao  article  by  monopolizing  its  maonf^cture  and 
exercisirga  puiicy  of  brutal  forot-  an*  t<-iroi 
aeainet  ait  Df^Kible  comretiti  n.  W>  have  tie 
8tao(  arn  Oil  Trust,  the  Cntno-S-^ed  Tru-t,  th*- 
R.bher  Tiust,  tbe  Cutle  Trust.  Coal  T.ust, 
Uu  Trust,  and  the  B^ef  Combine,  that  monopo- 
lizes and  controls  the  live-8tcck)raarket  through- 
out the  Northwest  and  Middle  States  and  levies 
a  tax  on  every  pound  of  l>eef,  pork,  mutton, 
lard,  fiah,  and  is  steadily  orowding  the  small 
traders  who  do  not  come  under  the  wing  of  the 
vulture. 

Arizona  Minerals. 

Wm.  p.   Blake  In  Amertcaa  Journal  of 
Science. 

The  deposits  of  salphate  of  soda  of  the  valley 
of  the  Verde  river,  A.  T.,  near  the  military  post 
of  Camp  Verde,  have  long  been  known  and 
extensively  quarried  by  the  ranchers  of  tbe 
region  as  a  substitute  for  salt  for  cattle  and 
horses.  The  occurrence  of  thenardite  in  Ari- 
zona was  first  made  known  to  science  by  the 
late  Prof.  B.  Sillimao,  In  1S81,  but  be  bad  not 
visited  the  locality  and  it  baa  not  been  de- 
scribed, A  recent  visit  to  the  place,  and  a 
somewhat  hurried  and  superficial  examination, 
enabled  me,  however,  to  collect  and  identify 
other  allied  tpeoiea  in  association  with  the 
thenardite  and  a  peculiar  paeudomorph  of  car- 
bonate of  lime  after  glaubeiite. 

The  deposits  of  the  thenardite  and  associ- 
oiated  minerals  are  of  considerable  magnitude, 
covering  several  acres  in  extent,  and  reach  a 
thickness  of  some  50  or  60  feet  or  more.  They 
appear  as  a  series  of  rounded  hills  with  sides 
covered  with  a  snow-white  effloreeoenoe  and 
greenish-colored  and  yellow  clay  at  the  bottom 
and  top,  partially  covering  the  saline  beds  from 
view. 

These  beds  are  doubtless  remnants  of  a  much 
more  extended  deposit  which  occupied  a  local 
lake-like  depression,  or  basin,  probably  at  the 
olose  of  the  great  volcanic  era  during  whioh 
most  of  the  mountain  valleys  cf  Central  Ari* 
zona  were  filled  up  by  sediments  and  then  over- 
laid by  BUOoessLve  streams  of  lava.  Sedi* 
mentary  beds  of  volcanio  origin  remain  through- 
out the  Verde  valley  and  its  chief  tributaries, 
and  in  ,the  region  of  Camp  Verde  are  deeply 
eroded,  but  rest  on  the  uneven  fioor  of  ancient 
pre-Silurian  slates  standing  on  edge.  H'gh 
above  the  deposits  of  the  valley,  vertical  cUffi 
of  hard  lava  mark  the  edges  of  extended  mesas 
of  malpaia,  under  which  all  the  other  forma* 
tions  are  hidden  and  protected.  But  the  exca- 
vations in  the  banks  of  the  sulphate  of  soda  are 
Insigoifioant  in  comparison  with  the  magnitude 
of  the  beds,  and  have  failed  to  show,  conolu- 
sively,  any  bottom  or  top,  or  to  reveal  the 
true  relations  of  the  beds  to  the  surrounding 
formations.  Whether  or  not  they  are  members 
of  the  voloanio  series  or  of  a  later  and  more 
looal  origin  is  yet  uncertain. 

Thenardite. 

This  salt  constitutes  the  bulk  of  the  depos- 
its. It  is  a  ooareely  crystalline  mass,  so  com 
pact  and  firm  that  it  can  be  broken  out  only 
by  drilling  and  blasting  with  powder.  It  va 
ries  in  its  purity.  Some  portions  are  more  or 
less  contaminated  with  a  greenish -colored  clay, 
but  it  ia  obtained  also  in  large  masses  neariy 
colorless  and  transparent,  with  a  alight  yel- 
lowiah  tint,  but  seldom  ahowing  crystalline 
forma. 

Mlrabllite. 

The  hydrous  sulphatj  of  soda  oocura  in  olose 
a^aooiation  with  the  thenardite  and  appears  to 
penetrate  its  mass  in  veins,  but  may  prove  to 
be  an  overlying  bed.  It  is  this  species  whioh, 
by  its  rapid  tfflirescenoe  when  exposed  to  the 
air,  covers  tbe  whole  deposit  with  a  white 
powder  and  a  thick  oruet  through  which  the 
quarrymen  must  cut  before  they  reach  the 
bolid  banks  of  the  anhydrous  sulphate. 
Halite. 

Rock  ealt  in  beautifully  transparent  maesetf 
is  sparingly  disseminated  in  portions  of  the 
great  beds.  These  crystalline  maEses,  so  far 
as  observed,  do  not  exceed  an  inch  or  two  in 
thicknees,  and  no  evidence  of  the  existence  of 
any  separate  workable  beds  oould  be  seen.  It 
is  irregularly  dis-eminated  in  the  sulphate. 
Some  masaea  exhibit  beautiful  blue  tints  of 
color,  like  those  seen  in  the  salt  of  the  Tyrol 
and  of  StaBsfnrt.  G)od  fragments  for  optical 
and    thermal  experiments  could   be   obtained 

here. 

QUuberite. 

This  anhydrous  sulphate  of  lime  and  soda  is 
an  interesting  af-sociate  of  the  other  species.  It 
occurs  chit  fly  near  what  appears  to  be  the  bate 
of  the  deposita  in  a  compact  green  clay.  It  is 
in  clear,  transparent,  colorless  crystals,  gener- 
ally in  thin  rhomba,  lozenge-ahaped,  with  the 
plain  angles  of  80°  and  100",  and  from  half  an 
inch  to  an  inch  or  more  broad  and  one-eighth  to 
one  quarter  of  an  inch  in  thickness.  The  pris- 
matic planes.  /,  /,  are  generally  nearly  oblit- 
erated, or  are  absent,  through  the  great  devel- 
opment of  the  hemi-ootahedral  planea  -1,  re- 
placing tbe  obtuse  terminal  edges.  The 
terminal  plane,  0,  is  chit  fly  developed,  and 
this,  with  the  broad  planea  replacing  the  ob- 
tuse edgea,  gives  to  aome  of  the  ciyatals  the 
appearance  of  rhombohedrons  of  the  mint]  a 
series.  The  general  habit  of  the  crystals  ia 
similar  to  those  from  Westeregeln,  near  Stass- 
furt,  described  by  Zdpharovioh,  with  the  pre- 
dominating pyramid  —1,  poonr  ajsp  t^ie  pyra- 


mids —  i,  —  J  and  t  ither  — f  or  — 4-5;  traces  of 
a  pyr -m  I  ou  the  acute  ed^ed  have  aUo  been 
uot<  d.  Thi're  ia  iv>(ftnr>e  that  the  crysals 
vary  greiitly  in  biz?  auri  in  th<-lr  habit  in  d  ff<-r- 
eot  p^rta  tf  the  deposits.  They  ccour  aUo  in 
the  middt  of  portions  of  tbe  solid  thenardite  as 
inolusione,  and  in  one  instance  a  email  crystal 
was  found  in  the  midst  of  a  transparent  maes  of 
halite.  Close  inspection  of  the  transparent 
tabular  oryatals  from  the  green  clay  reveals  the 
presence  of  crystalline  cavities  with  fluid  in- 
clusions made  evident  by  the  movement  of 
small  bubbles.  ,When  heated,  the  decrepitation 
is  violent. 

Carbonate  of  Lime  Pseud omorphs. 

Where  the  lower  bed  containing  tbe  bulk  of 
the  glanberite  crops  out  at  tbe  surface  and  has 
become  oxid  zed  and  dried,  tbe  gUubarite  dia- 
appears  and  is  lepUoed  by  carbonate  of  lime  in 
an  amorphous  condition,  but  having  the  exdot 
form  of  the  glanberite  oryatals,  whose  matrix 
they  have  filled.  These  pseudomorphe  are  firm, 
compact  and  dense,  but  are  withouc  cleavage  or 
interior  orystalline  strnotnre.  Color,  cream 
yellow.  They  weather  out  in  great  numbers, 
and  show  that  the  glanberite  uiust  occur  in  a 
great  variety  of  sizes  and  forma  of  aggregation, 
in  some  placse  in  rosettes  and  in  otheia  in  crys- 
tals two  or  three  Inohes  long. 

Boumonlte  in  Arizona. 

Bournonite  occurs  sparingly  at  the  Boggs 
mine,  Big  Bug  district,  Y^vipai  county,  Ari- 
zona Territory,  assooiattd  with  pyrite,  zino 
blende,  galenite  and  copper  pyrites.  The  orya- 
tals are  brilliant  and  oharaoteristio,  with  inter- 
esting modifioations  not  yet  studied  and  com- 
pared. Tbis  is  believed  to  be  the  first  an- 
nounoemeot  of  the  occurrence  of  this  specifs  in 
tbe  United  States.  I  am  indebted  to  Fred  E, 
Murray,  E.q.,  superintendent  of  the  mine,  for 
specimens. 

Railway  Constructioii  in  1889. 

The  Railway  Age  of  December  27th  pub- 
lishes a  tabulated  statement  by  States  of  the 
railway  construction  (main  linea  only,  not  in- 
cluding sidings  and  additional  traokE)  in  the 
Uaited  States  for  tbe  year  1S89.  A  recapitu- 
lation of  the  compilation  gives  the  following 
summary  by  groupe: 

Linea.  Miles. 

New  England  and  Eastern  group 69  657 

Central  Northfra  ^roup 40  784 

Soufhern  group 97  i,829 

Southwesttfo  group 37  71*3 

Northwestern  group    28  615 

Pacific  Coaat  group 39  674 

Totals 3J  0  5,231 

The  abrve  shows  a  falling  off  compared  with 
1888of  1800  miles,  and  that  of  1887  of  about 
7800  miles.  By  an  examination  ot  tbe  above, 
it  will  be  seen  that  the  list  only  embraces  the 
line  upon  which  track-laying  was  an  accom- 
plished fact,  and  therefore  does  not  include  the 
roads  graded  and  not  yet  railed.  The  average 
mileage  of  each  line  completed  waa  in  I8S9  nnly 
about  16^  miles,  againet  about  20  mileain  1888, 
whioh  gucB  to  show  that  the  work  laot  year  was 
chi<fiy  done  on  small  extensions  and  bianchea. 
Tbe  Age  in  commenting  on  tbis  fact  says  that 
the  [lament  of  parallel  railway  buitdiog  which 
caused  the  exceaeive  and  unhealthy  activity  of 
several  previous  years  has  been  almost  absent, 
and  in  nearly  every  case  the  extension  or  new 
road  has  been  built  because  it  was  believed  to 
be  needed  and  not  chiefly  to  get  away  busineea 
from  a  competitor. 

The  southern  group  of  States  shows  the 
greatest  degree  of  activity  in  railroad  building, 
and  a  much  larger  proportion  of  development 
when  area  and  population  is  taken  into  consid- 
eration.' The  Southwestern  States  and  Terri- 
tories have  made  con  i:lerab1e  orogri^sB,  but  not 
one-half  that  tbey  mide  in  1S8S.  The  North- 
western States  bave  about  held  their  own, 
while  the  Paoifio  Coast  S  atea  have  fallen  off 
sligbtlv.  notwithstanding  tbe  large  construo- 
tioo  (398  milef)  in  Washirgton,  owiog  to  Cali- 
fornia's email  mileage  of  120  miles,  against  600 
miles  in  1888. 

The  Age  is  authority  for  the  statement  that 
tbe  addtiion  of,  tay  5300  miles  of  new  road  dnr- 
irg  the  year,  means  that,  at  the  moderate  aver- 
age cf  $20,000  per  mile,  the  vast  sum  of  $106,- 
000,000  has  been  invested  in  tbeir  construction 
and  equipment,  and  that  employment  for  the 
future  has  been  furnished  thereby  to  from  25,- 
000  to  30, 000  more  men  who  will  be  required 
to  oarry  on  the  operations  of  these  lines,  while 
thousands  more  will  be  kept  buey  in  supplying 
the  various  manufactured  articles,  the  demand 
for  whioh  is  inoreaaed  by  the  addition  of  every 
new  mile  of  railway. ; 


There  is  nothing  new  in  regard  to  the  dread- 
ful Obve  in  the  Ubica  mine.  The  bodies  of  tbe 
dead  miners  are  still  buried  in  tbe  drift.  Work 
is  progressing  in  the  direction  of  the  dead,  and 
ore  is  being  extracted  a?  usual.  It  may  be  a 
year  before  all  the  dead  bodies  will  be  reached. 

Tbe  gas  company  of  Jackson,  Amador  oounty, 
changed  ita  process  last  year  from  ooal  to  gaso- 
line. At  their  annual  meeting  it  was  shown 
that  the  change  did  not  work  well,  aa  tbe  qual- 
ity of  tbe  gas  was  inferior  while  the  cost  waa 
fully  equal  to  the  old  process. 

The  hoisting  works,  maobine  and  blacksmith- 
shops  and  sawmill  of  the  Anchor  mine,  Park 
City,  Utah,  were  destroyed  by  fire  on  Wednes- 
day morning. 


40 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Jan.  18,  1890 


II]lNIJMG   ZUMMAF^Y, 

The  foUowing  Is  moBtly  condensed  from  journals  publiahed 
ID  the  interior,  in  proximity  to  the  minea  mentioned. 


CALIFORNIA. 

Alameda. 

Gold  Discovery. — Livermore  Herald,  Jan.  ii- 
Some  years  ago  Wm.  M.  Mendenhall  discovei-ed 
what  he  considered  to  be  copper  ore  on  the  hillside 
near  the  large  spring  at  Agua  de  Vida,  lo  miles 
southeast  of  this  place.  The  ledge  was  unearthed 
in  digging  a  trail  from  the  cottages  to  the  spring. 
Last  summer  Mr.  Mendenhall  decided  to  run  a  tun- 
nel into  the  hill  on  the  ledge.  He  did  so,  getting  in 
about  30  feet.  The  ore  he  took  out  was  seen  by 
quite  a  number  of  people,  nearly  all  of  whom  pro- 
nounced it  copper.  Recently  he  sent  three  samples 
down  to  Price's  assay  office,  and  this  week  he  se- 
cured a  return,  which,  to  say  the  least,  astonished 
him.  Of  the  three  samples  of  rock,  that  from  a 
small  vein  assayed  84  cents  in  silver  and  $3.10  in 
gold  per  ton;  that  from  a  ledge,  13  cents  in  silver 
and  $2.07  in  gold;  and  the  quartz,  45  cents  in  silver 
and  $9.36  in  gold.  This  gives  a  return  of  valuation 
of  the  three  specimens  of  $3.94,  $2.20  and  $9.88  re- 
spectively per  ton. 

Amador. 

Sutter  Creek  Gold  Mine.— Ztftf^<£?-,  Jan.  ii; 
The  mill  was  brought  to  a  standstill  on  Sunday,  on 
account  of  the  Amador  Canal  Co.'s  flumes  giving 
way.  The  mill  resumed  crushing  last  Thursday. 
Two  shifts  are  now  employed  in  the  mine. 
aalaveras. 

Quartz  and  Gravel. — Calaveras  Prospect^ 
Jan.  11:  The  persistent  rains  of  the  past  month 
and  a  half  have  interfered  very  greatly  with  the 
active  mining  developments  in  this  region  of  the 
State,  but  the  amount  of  water  now  assured  for  the 
dry  season  will  compensate  for  the  present  incon- 
veniences to  mining  operations.  The  snow  fall  in 
the  mountains  is  ample  to  furnish  an  abundant  sup- 
ply of  water  for  the  mills  and  mines.  ■  The  past  year 
has  given  mining  in  this  county  a  great  impetus, 
and  with  the  present  encouraging  prospect  we  an- 
ticipate much  mining  enterprise  in  the  future.  In 
our  immediate  vicinity  we  hear  that  the  Union  mine 
will  soon  again  commence  operations.  The  Lon- 
don syndicate  that  is  working  this  mine  has  not 
spared  money  for  a  thorough  and  complete  test  of 
the  genuineness  of  this  mine,  and  contrary  to  all  re- 
ports "the  holes  in  the  ground''  contain  a  fine 
body  of  ore.  It  is  expected  that  alUegal  incumbrances 
will  be  lifted  within  a  few  days  and  work  will 
be  resumed.  Operations  about  Murphys  and  on 
the  Stanislaus  river  are  at  a  stand-still  for  the  pres- 
ent, owing  to  the  weather.  The  Norfolk,  Mr.  F. 
B.  Morse,  superintendent,  is  making  vigorous  head- 
way, despite  snow  and  rain.  At  Robinson's  Ferry, 
the  new  Huntington  mill  on  the  Calaveras  mine  is 
now  in  operation.  The  ore  of  this  mine  is  said  to 
be  paying  good  returns.  West  Point  has  aspira- 
tions for  the  mining  championship  in  the  county. 
Prospecting  in  that  section  has  been  very  active, 
and  the  indications  for  a  revival  of  the  mining  boom 
are  fair.  Another  district  that  is  at  present  the  cen- 
ter of  attraction  in  mining  circles  is  the  historical 
and  old-time  Central  Hill,  (airaous  in  the  6o's  for  its 
enormous  yield  of  gold.  The  gravel  mine  lying  dor- 
mant for  the  want  of  capital  and  enterprise  will  yet 
prove  highly  remunerative.  The  outlook  in  this 
district  cannot  but  attract  the  attention  of  practical 
mining  men,  and  the  old  gravel  mines  will  be  made 
to  yield  their  glittering  sand,  Calaveras  is  just 
now  a  mining  county  of  no  mean  importance.  Its 
quartz  mines  are  good  and  are  being  worked  by 
moneyed  men.  Its  gravel  mines  are  undoubtedly 
very  good,  and  there  will  soon  be  a  new  era  in 
gravel  mining.  Its  copper  mines  at  Copperopolis 
are  in  the  midst  of  great  activity,  and  they  have 
been  re-opened  *'to  stay."  There  is  said  to  be 
sufficient  pre  on  the  ground  to  supply  the  smelting 
works  for  the  next  10  years. 
Inyo. 

Fish  Springs. — Inyo  Register,  Jan.  9:  This  old 
mining  district,  which  in  early  days  gained  a  credit 
of  $225,000  gold  output,  is  again  coming  to  the 
front  apparently  to  stay.  The  old  McMurry  and 
Westerville  mines  on  Fish  Springs  HiU,  at  present 
the  property  of  John  Welch  and  J.  D.  Klairs,  are 
under  bond  to  gentlemen  representing  a  company 
organized  in  Chicago  and  Scotland,  and  present 
condition  of  negotiations  indicates  a  speedy  and  im- 
portant sale.  J,  N.  Rose  has  a  lease  of  the  new  ore 
concentrator  which  was  put  in  the  Maxim  mill  by 
McConnell  &  Davidson^  and  is  getting  good  returns 
out  of  the  hundreds  of  tons  of  rich  tailings  on  the 
site  of  the  old  Fish  Springs  arastras.  A  number  of 
new  properties  situated  about  five  miles  to  the 
northward  and  four  miles  southwesterly  from  Big 
Pine  are  looming  up  as  tangible  producers.  Henry 
Melone  and  C.  F.  Fuller,  a  team  of  veteran  pros- 
pectors, are  drifting  on  a  2-foot  ledge  at  the  bottom 
of  a  loo-foot  shaft.  A  sample  lot  of  3  tons  of  the  ore 
yielded  $65  per  ton  net,  by  arastra  process.  Doc. 
Graham  and  John  Elliot  have  a  ledge  opened  by 
a  130-foot  tunnel,  and  10  tons  of  $60  ore  on  the 
dump.  As  the  result  of  about  four  months'  work, 
another  party  recently  sold  to  A.  K.  Engley  $600  in 
gold.  McCarty,  the  old  stand-by  arastra  man  of 
that  country,  lately  bought  a  ledge  from  a  Mexican, 
and  got  the  purchase-money  and  $ioo  mere  out  of 
the  ore  already  extracted.  Harry  Hearne  keeps  up 
his  lick  on  the  placer  as  of  old.  Ahern  has  tunnels 
200  and  300  feet  in  length,  running  for  gravel. 
O'Brien,  Daley,  Lavelle  and  others  are  working  at 
different  points.  The  region  lies  in  the  foothills  on 
the  east  base  of  the  Sierras,  in  a  porphyritic  and 
gold-bearing  belt  which  extends  from  Mammoth  to 
the  Alabama  mountains.  It  abounds  with  timber 
and  water-power,  and  is  accessible  all  the  year 
round. 

Mono. 

Relocated.— Virginia  Chronicle,  Jan.  11:  The 
Mocking  Bird  mining  location  in  Homer  district  was 
relocated  at.  midnight  on  Dec.  31st,  the  original 
owners  having  failed  to  perform  the  annual  holding 
work.  The  Mocking  Bird  is  said  to  be  one  of  the 
most  promising  locations  in  the  district.  It  is  now 
''  known  as  the  Wolverine. 

Nevada. 

Prospecting  Near  Spenceville.— Grass  Val- 
ley Union,  Jan,  11:  There  are  a  number  of  mineral- 
learing  veins  in  the  vicinity  of  Spenceville,  on  what 
s  known  as  the  copper  belt,  but  they  contain   other 


mineral  besides  copper,  as  it  is  found  that  they  pros- 
pect both  in  silver  and  gold,  and  it  is  for  the  latter 
that  quite  an  amount  oT  prospecting  was  done  dur- 
ing the  past  season.  The  nnfavorable  weather  for 
the  past  few  months  has  mainly  suspended  such 
operations,  but  with  the  opening  of  spring,  and  the 
cessation  of  storms,  it  is  contemplated  to  renew 
work  actively,  as  it  is  considered  that  the  prospects 
are  encouraging.  It  is  well  known  that  the  copper 
mine  at  Spenceville  is  worked  at  a  profit,  making 
regular  shipments  of  cement  copper,  but  if  to  this 
can  be  added  gold  and  silver  the  Spenceville  district 
may  become  prominent  for  its  mineral  wealth. 
Practical  miners  have  confidence  that  good  mines 
can  be  opened  there. 

Around  Grass  Valley.— 6^«/(7«,  Jan.  9:  The 
freezing  weather  serves  to  interfere  somewhat  with 
the  operations  of  the  quartz-mining  companies 
of  the  district,  as  it  is  an  obstacle  to  amalgamation, 
and  besides  checks  the  flow  of  water.  The  Idaho 
mill  has  been  frozen  up  three  days  and  the  North 
Star  mill  at  present  is  only  run  at  night-time  on  ac- 
count of  a  scant  water  supply.  The  Idaho  mill  will 
start  up  again  to-diy.  At  the  Empire  mine  there  has 
been  no  interruption,  and  everything  is  reported  to 
be  going  on  as  usual.  At  the  Peabody  mine  noth- 
ing is  being  done  more  than  to  keep  the  pump  go- 
ing and  holding  the  water.  Arrangements  have  been 
made  to  get  20  inches  of  water  from  the  town  reser- 
voir for  power  to  keep  the  pump  going.  No  un- 
derground work  will  be  undertaken  until  milder 
weather  enables  full  water-power  to  be  obtained. 
The  cold  weather  interferes  also  with  milling  at  the 
Omaha.  The  water-power  to  run  all  the  machinery 
is  ample.  Work  is  going  right  along  at  the  Hartery, 
and  the  mine  continues  to  show  up  well  in  high- 
grade  ore.  Out  at  the  Maryland  mine  the  snow  is 
three  feet  in  depth,  and  on  Tuesday  night  the  wind 
drifted  the  snow  until  it  filled  the  trail,  and  the  men 
going  to  and  from  their  work  found  it  difficult  to 
get  through.  The  work  of  running  a  crosscut  in  the 
Maryland  ground  is  going  on  steadily, 
Plumas, 

New  Quartz-mill.  —  Greenville  Bulletin,  Jan. 
8:  We  are  informed  that  a  new  lo-stamp  quartz- 
mill  will  be  erected  next  summer  on  the  Winona 
claim,  situated  about  one-half  of  a  mile  southwest  of 
Greenville,  and  that  a  company  is  now  being  formed 
for  that  purpose.  The  new  mill  is  designed  to  crush 
ore  not  only  from  the  Winona  but  from  other  quartz 
mines  needing  the  use  of  a  custom  mill. 

Shasta. 

Squaw  Creek.  —  Redding  Free  Press,  Jan,  ii: 
Thii  Uncle  Sam  M.  Co.  has  just  completed  the  erec- 
tion of  a  large  air  compressor  at  the  mill.  They  are 
laying  a  4-inch  pipe  to  convey  air  from  the  mill  to 
the  tunnel  which  they  are  driving,  a  distance  of 
three-quarters  of  a  mile.  Said  tunnel  is  in  a  distance 
of  500  feet  and  it  will  require  an  additional  800  feet 
in  order  to  reach  the  vein.  The  company  expects  to 
have  the  power  drill  running  in  a  few  weeks,  when 
much  better  progress  will  be  made, 

From  Igo.— Cor.  Courier,  Jan.  11:  The  contin- 
ued heavy  rains  proved  too  much  for  the  hoisting  rig 
at  the  Crystal,  and  they  have  shut  down  till  spring. 
At  the  Chicago  they  have  the  shaft  timbered,  and 
are  running  drifts  at .  the  150  and  200-foot  levels. 
Excellent  ore  is  coming  out  of  both  levels,  although 
the  work  is  slow,  owing  to  the  difficulties  of  hoisting 
in  bad  weather.  P.  Gibney  is  developing  a  large 
ledge  of  promising  quartz  at  the  head  of  Spanish 
gulch.  Work  continues  in  the  lower  tunnel  of  J.  P. 
Wright's  sulphuret  ledge.  The  arastras  are  tempo- 
rarily shut  down,  owing  to  the  soaked  condition  of 
the  mines,  as  well  as  depth  of  snow  in  the  roads. 
Whit  George  and  Doc  Dunham  have  put  up  a  power 
arastra  on  their  Muletown  ledge  and  will  be 
ready  to  run  in  a  few  days.  Not  much  placer  min- 
ing is  being  done  at  present,  the  gu'ches  having 
been  pretty  well  cleaned  out  in  former  years. 

Lower  Springs.— Cor.  Democrat,  Jan.  8:  The 
first  day  of  January,  1890,  appears  to  have  been  a 
very  interesting  day  for  prospectors  in  and  about 
this  district.  Quite  a  number  of  quartz-seekers  of 
Redding  were  feeding  out  this  way  for  the  purpose 
of  jumping  ledges;  also  to  hunt  up  some  rich  de- 
posits. Since  Halley  made  his  new  find,  there  has 
been  quite  a  number  of  inquisitive  ones  trying  to 
hunt  him  up,  but  as  yet  his  whereabouts  cannot  be 
discovered.  One  of  the  Hills  from  Redding  has 
jumped  the  Keystone  mine,  formerly  Mrs.  Kemp- 
ton's  location.  Bssset,  from  Redding,  has  located 
the  old  Hairgrave  ledge,  on  the  old  Shasta  road,  a 
little  above  Salt  creek.  Some  person  has  located 
the  west  extension  of  the  Eastern  Star.  The  Lucas 
property  has  been  jumped  by  Ed  Taylor.  There 
are  men  employed  working  out  assessments  on  the 
Van  Bergin  property  on  the  Igo  road.  It  is  re- 
ported that  parties  are  running  a  tunnel  in  the  hill 
just  above  the  old  Gage  plane.  Hall  &  Co.,  I  be- 
lieve, are  carrying  on  the  enterprise. 
Sierra. 

Tunnel, — Mt.  Messenger,  Jan.  4:  The  new  main 
tunnel  of  the  Bald  Mountain  Ex.  Co.  is  in  over  3600 
feet,  and  is  being  steadily  pushed  ahead  for  the 
channel, 

Siskiyou. 

Salmon  River.— Cor.  Yreka  Jourrial,  Jan.  11: 
The  mines  of  this  section,  both  quartz  and  placer, 
are.  and  have  been  for  some  time  past,  closed  down, 
owing  to  the  scarcity  of  water.  There  is  an  abun- 
dance of  snow  to  make  water,  but  it  will  require  a 
rain  to  start.  Our  miners  are  looking  to  a  long  and 
prosperous  run,  as  never  since  1859  has  there  been 
as  much  snow  as  there  is  this  winter.  The  Gold 
Ball  quartz  mine  is  destined  to  equal,  if  not  exceed, 
any  mine  that  has  ever  been  discovered  in  this  sec- 
tion. Even  the  famous  Black  Bear,  in  its  palmy  days, 
pales  into  insignificance  when  compared  with  the 
Gold  Ball.  A  winze  has  been  sunk  from  the  lowest 
tunnel  a  distance  of  53  feet;  at  this  depth  the  ledge 
is  three  feet  thick,  and  carries  plenty  of  free  gold,  in 
short,  the  deeper  they  sink,  the  bigger  and  richer 
the  ledge  appears.  There  is  an  abundance  of  ore  in 
sight  to  keep  the  mill  busy  for  several  years,  The 
i6-stamp  mill  was  started  up  in  November,  and 
alter  a  run  of  25  days  was  compelled  to  shut  down, 
as  the  supply  of  water  gradually  froze  up.  There  is 
on  hand  at  the  mill  at  least  1200  tons  of  ore.  Judge 
Hughes,  John  Grant  and  Joe  Stevens  have  located 
and  done  considerable  work  on  what  is  supposed  to 
be  the  extension  of  the  Gold  Ball  ledge.  They  have 
run  two  different  tunnels,  one  of  them  40  feet  in 
length.  In  this  tunnel  they  have  uncovered  a  five- 
foot  ledge  of  quartz,  which  prospects  well.  Messrs. 
Probasco,  Stent,  and  H.  Welker  have  discovered 
a  ledge  which  will  be  remunerative.     These  men 


have  done  considerable  work  to  develop  their  mine. 
They  have  a  tunnel  run  on  the  ledge,  a  distance  of 
80  feet.  The  ledge  is  from  12  to  18  inches  in  thick- 
ness, and  carries  free  gold.  It  is  estimated  that 
their  rock  will  yield  at  least  $20  to  the  ton. 

Novelty.  —  Cor.  Yreka  Union,  Jan.  9;  The 
late  storms  have  almost  suspended  quartz  mining 
in  this  camp,  Stoping  had  to  be  discontinued,  on 
account  of  the  water  coming  through  from  the  sur- 
face. The  Hansen,  Gold  Run  and  Know  Nothing 
are  the  principal  mines  of  the  camp.  They  are  all 
similarly  situated,  with  development  tunnels  to  tap 
the  ledges  at  the  depth  of  300  feet  from  croppings, 
and'open  up  levels  100  feet  below  present  work- 
ings. The  work  is  now  being  prosecuted  by  two 
shifts  of  miners,  working  night  and  day,  and  will 
be  continued  uutil  the  ledges  are  reached.  Then 
I  am  in  hopes  to  be  able  to  report  developments  of 
permanent  value,  as  much  of  the  future  of  this  camp 
depends  on  developments  made  in  those  levels. 
The  last  cleanup  of  the  Know  Nothing'  mill  was  a 
little  over  $6000,  with  the  usual  expenses  of  about 
$1500,  Supt.  Black,  of  the  Know  Nothing  mine, 
is  slowly  recovering  from  injuries  from  a  heavy  fall 
three  weeks  ago  and  has  been  confined  to  his  room 
continually  since.  The  last  cleanup  of  the  Gold 
Run  mill  paid  $40  per  ton,  which  gave  the  four 
partners  a  handsome  dividend,  and  the  Hansen 
mine  did  about  the  same.  These  three  mines  have 
paid  handsomely  in  the  past,  and  have  much  ore 
in  sight  in  their  slopes,  enough  to  run  them  two 
years  on  dividend- paying  ore.  The  placer  miners 
have  a  good  season  in  this  district,  and  will  un- 
doubtedly take  out  more  gold  than  has  been  taken 
out  in  the  past  three  years.  The  prospects  for 
southern  Siskiyou  are  certainly  flattering,  and  we 
predict  great  prosperity  in  the  near  future. 

Trinity. 

Quartz  at  Hay  Fork.— /oz/rwa/,  Jan.  11: 
Shepardson  &  Miller  have  been  developing  their 
ledge,  which  is  situated  about  five  miles  from  the 
town  of  Hay  Fork,  in  a  southerly  direction,  and  they 
feel  assured  that  now  they  have  one  of  the  finest 
prospects  in  the  county.  The  ledge  is  about  four 
feet  wide  and  has  well-defined  walls.  The  ledge 
has  been  traced  on  the  surface  for  1000  feet.  They 
have  a  shaft  sunk  to  a  depth  of  75  feet,  following 
the  ledge  the  entire  distance,  and  we  are  informed 
that  the  gold  is  as  abundant  at  the  bottom  as  at  the 
top  of  the  shaft.  About  one  foot  of  the  under  side 
of  the  ledge  prospects  about  $20  to  the  ton,  while  the 
other  three  feet  goes  about  $300.  Present  indica- 
tions point  to  a  good  quartz  camp  at  Hay  Fork  in 
spite  of  the  prophecy  of  many  to  the  contrary. 

East  Fork, — From  a  private  letter  to  a  gentle- 
man in  town  we  learn  that  the  mill  on  the  Yellow- 
stone mine  in  East  Fork  district  is  running  and  that 
the  mine  is  looking  well. 

Tuolumne. 

Golden  Gate.  —  Sonora  Detfiocrat,  Jan,  11: 
On  the  Golden  Gate  mine  half  the  stamps  are  run- 
ning dry  and  half  wet — using  on  the  latter  a  Frue 
and  a  Shaw  concentrator.  This  will  test  the  com- 
parative merit  of  the  dry  crushing  continuous  Boss 
system  of  roasting  and  amalgamation  and  that  of 
concentration  and  subsequent  roasting.  There 
has  been  received  at  the  Bonanza  mine  an  Inger- 
soU  drill  for  work  in  sinking  the  shaft.  It  is  the 
improved  Ingersoll.  The  improvement  consists  in 
reducing  and  simplifying  the  number  of  parts  It 
substantially  makes  the  machine  a  new  one.  Min- 
ers of  experience  who  used  the  first  form  of  the  In- 
gersoll considered  it  cumbersome,  liable  to  derange- 
ment. This  has  been  overcome  in  the  present  im- 
proved form.  It  is  a  solidly  constructed  machine 
of  few  parts  and  light  weight,  and  will  do  more  ef- 
fective work.  It  will  be  operated  by  the  compressed 
air  taken  from  the  Richmann  compressor  belonging 
to  the  mine,  and  the  latter  is  driven  by  water-power. 
This  will  greatly  reduce  the  expense  as  well  as  hast- 
en the  work  of  development.  Mr.  G.  !■'.  Johnson 
of  S.  F.  arrived  in  Sonora  last  week  00  mining  busi- 
ness. He  was  unable  to  visit  the  mines  he  wished 
to  examine  in  the  interest  of  S.  F.  parties  by  reason 
of  the  heavy  and  unusual  snowstorm  of  the  past 
few  days,  but  obtained  important  data  as  to  certain 
mines  that  will  lead  to  definite  and  eariy  action,  and 
to  the  industrial  benefit  of  the  county, 

NEVADA. 

Wasboe  DtsDrict. 

Sierra  Nevada. — Virginia  Chronicle,  Jan.  ii: 
On  the  520  level  at  a  point  in  the  south  drift  from 
the  east  drift,  275  feet  from  the  main  east  drift,  an 
east  drift  is  advanced  392  feet,  the  face  continuing 
in  porphyry  showing  streaks  of  clay. 

Union  Con.— On  the  1465  level  in  the  north  lat- 
eral drift  100  feet  south  of  the  north  line  of  the 
mine,  west  crosscut  No.  4  is  advanced  112  feet,  and 
now  in  porphyry  and  clay. 

Ophir. — On  the  1300  level  from  the  end  of  the 
east  crosscut  from  the  shaft  station  a  south  drift  is 
advanced  233  feet,  from  the  end  of  the  east  cross- 
cut, 316  feet  from  the  shaft  station,  continuing  in 
porphyry  mixed  with  quartz  showing  value. 

Mexican.— On  the  1465  level  from  the  north 
drift  from  west  crosscut  No.  i,  50  feet  in  from  the 
lateral  drift  face,  west  crosscut  No.  2  is  advanced 
122  feet  in  porphyry  and  c'ay. 

Con.  California  &  Virginia.  —  From  the 
stopes  on  the  1300,  1435,  1500,  1600  and  1650  levels 
the  ore  yield  during  the  past  week  has  b^en  consid- 
erably less  than  usual  on  account  of  the  Eureka 
mill  having  been  shut  dbwn  the  past  few  days,  the 
accumulation  of  ice  in  the  Carson  river  making  it 
impossible  to  operate  the  mill.  On  the  1650  level, 
from  points  heretofore  designated  continue  to  ex- 
tract ore.  The  north  drift  from  the  winze  bottom, 
60  feet  below  this  level,  is  extended  505  feet,  and 
are  extracting  ore  from  this  point.  During  the 
week  1095  tons  and  480  pounds  of  ore  were  shipped 
to  the  Morgan  mill,  661  tons  and  590  pounds  to  the 
Eureka  mill.  The  average  assay  value  of  all  the  ore 
worked  at  these  mills  during  the  week,  according  to 
battery  samples,  was  $25.77-  Shipped  to  San 
Francisco  bullion  valued  at  $44,870.72. 

Best  and  Belcher.— On  the  1000  level  east 
crosscut  No.  i  is  extended  82  feet.  Formation, 
hard  porphyry.  On  the  1200  level,  station  has  been 
repaired  and  north  drift  clean.ed  out  and  repaired  a 
distance  of  30  feet. 

Hale  and  Norcross.— Shipped  to  the  Nevada 
mill  during  the  week  937  tons  of  ore,  showing  an 
average  value  of  $19.49  per  ton  by  pulp  assays. 

Gould  and  Curey. — On  the  200  level,  the  south- 
west drift  has  been  extended  16  feet.     Total  length, 


284  feet.  Formation,  porphyry  and  quartz,  showing 
some  value.  On  the  400  level  the  southwest  drift 
has  been  extended  20  feet.  Formation,  quartz, 
showing  some  value. 

Northwestern  Con. — Shaft  down  70  feet,  the 
bottom  in'  low-grade  quartz. 

West  Comstock. — Face  of  lower  tunnel  within 
43  feet  of  the  vein,  which  it  will  cut  400  feet  below 
the  surface  croppings. 

-  Savage.— Shipped  445  tons  of  ore,  battery  sam- 
ple assays  showing  an  average  value  of  $22.37  per 
ton.  Bullion  on  hand  valued  at  $5294  on  January 
account. 

Chollar. — Crushed  420  tons  of  ore  during  the 
week,  showing  a  pulp  assay  value  of  $21.50  per  ton. 
The  750  north  lateral  drilt  continues  in  low-grade 
quartz  and  930  level  north  drift  in  quartz  and  por- 
phyry. 

PoTOSi. — The  930  level  east  crosscut  continues  in 
quartz  and  porphyry.  The  650  level  east  crosscut. 
No.  3,  is  in  quartz. 

North  Gould  &  Curry  and  East  Best  & 
Belcher.— The  west  drift  from  the  northwest  drift 
is  in  quartz  giving  low  assays. 

Imperial. — West  crosscut  No.  i  from  the  500 
level  joint  Confidence-Challenge  drift  is  in  quartz 
and  porphyry.  West  crosscut  No.  2  on  the  300 
level  continues  in  quartz,  showing  bunches  of  ore. 

Yellow  Jacket. — Daily  ore  shipments  average 
78  tons,  battery  samples  showing  an  average  assay 
value  of  $21.75  per  ton. 

Confidence  and  Challenge.— The  jointr  300 
level  west  crosscut  continues  in  quartz  and  por- 
phyry. 

Alpha. — The  600  north  drift  continues  in  low- 
grade  quartz. 

Exchequer. — The  500  level  east  crosscut  con- 
tinues in  quartz  and  porphyry. 

Ward  Combination  Shaft. — The  1800  level 
east  drift  is  advanced  169  feet. 

Overman. — Shipped  161  tons  of  ore  to  the  Vivian 
mill  during  the  week.  Are  preparing  to  slope  ore 
from  the  1200  level. 

New  York  Con. — Ore  is  showing  in  the  lateral 
drifts  from  the  raise  above  the  800  level. 

East  Sierra  Nevada,— The  520  level  south 
drift  is  out  640  feet. 

Caledonia. — West  crosscut  No.  3  continues  in 
porphyry. 

Crown  Point. — Shipped  to  the  Mexican  mill 
764  tons  of  ore,  showing  a  value  of  $18.17  P^"*  ^o^ 
by  pulp  assays. 

Belcher.— The  850  level  east  crosscut  is  in  por- 
phyry, showing  streaks  of  quartz.  The  600  level 
south  drift  is  in  porphyry.  The  200  level  east  cross- 
cut is  in  low-grade  quartz. 

Seg.  Belcher. — Ore  is  still  showing  in  the  1200 
level  drift  from  the  winze. 

Silver  Hill. — Usual  progress  made  in  160  and 
260  level  exploration?. 

Justice. — Crushed  230  tons  of  orp,  showing  a 
va'ue  ol  $23.75  pe""  tofi  by  battery  sample  assays. 

Utah.— On  the  600  level  the  southeast  drift  is 
advanced  690  feet  from  the  shaft  stiiion.  Forma- 
tion, hard  porphyry. 

Occidental  Con.— On  the  400  level  orR  of  fair 
quality  is  being  extracted.  On  the  500  level,  70  feet 
south  of  No.  3  raise,  an  east  crosscut  is  still  showing 
bunches  of  high-grade  ore.  On  the  550  level  the 
line  crosscuts  are  in  quartz  and  porphyry. 

North  Occidental. —On    the  550  level,  joint 
east  and  west  crosscuts  at  the  south  Ime  of  the  mine 
are  in  porphyry  and  low-grade  quartz. 
Cherry  Creek  District. 

Attachment.— White  Pine  Neios,  Jan.  4:  All 
the  Merrimac  company's  operations  in  Cherry  Creek 
have  been  suspended  by  the  sheriff.  An  attachment 
for  $6000  has  been  levied  on  the  property  by  the 
Union  Iron  Works  of  San  Francisco.  The  miners 
will  file  their  liens.  Nothing  more  is  likely  to  be 
done  before  spring,  when  the  property  will  change 
hands.  Cherry  seems  to  be  in  a  hard  streak  of  luck. 
Sylvanla  District. 

Smelter. — Virginia  Enterprise,  Jan.  10:  A  40- 
ton  smelter  will  be  put  up  at  the  mines  in  Sylvania 
District  early  in  the  spring,  and  there  are  other  evi- 
dences that  a  big  business  will  be  done  there.  A 
wagon-road  is  also  being  constructed  to  the  mines. 

Tuacarora  District. 

Nevada  Queen.  —  Times-Review,  Jan.  10: 
North  gangway  from  the  600-foot  level  of  the  N'^rth 
Belle  Isle  shaft  has  been  advanced  28  feet.  Rock 
hard. 

North  Belle  Isle. — The  crosscut  from  the  sta- 
tion, 300-foot  level,  extended  16  feet;  ground  is  short 
and  full  of  red  slips. 

Belle  Isle. — The  crosscut  from  the  north  gang- 
way, 350-foot  level,  extended  seven  feet;  rock  very 
hard.  The  crosscut  from  the  south  drift,  25ofoot 
level,  continues  without  material  change. 

Del  Monte. — North  drift  from  east  crosscut  is  in 
17  feet,  developing  fine  ore,  assaying  as  high  as 
$1336  per  ton. 

Grand  Prize, — Face  of  north  crosscut  from  west 
drilt  on  the  500  level  advanced  11  feet,  cutting  nu- 
merous stringers  of  quartz. 

Navajo. — No.  2  crosscut  from  south  drift,  350- 
foot  level,  advanced  21  feet;  face  begins  to  show 
water  and  looks  favorable.  Upraise  from  south 
drilt,  I5o-foot  level,  extended  9  feet,  showing  larger 
ledge  of  chloride  ore.  The  mill  cleanup  has  been 
completed. 

North  Commonwealth. — 2d  level:  Joint 
crosscut  has  been  advanced  12  feet.  3d  level:  Joint 
crosscut  east  extended  9  feet.  Work  h<is  been  sus- 
pended at  this  point,  and  drift  start*  d  to  open  the 
ore  cut  30  feel  back  from  the  face,  which  looks  well. 
East  crosscut  from  south  drift  extended  11  feet;  face 
continues  in  low- grade  ore,  and   shows   some  water. 

Commonwealth. — ist  level:  Winz=j  Irom  east 
crosscut  has  been  connected  with  No.  14  chute,  ex- 
posing a  fine  body  of  ore.  South  drift  trom  No.  3 
chute  extended  16  feet,  following  the  ore.  East  in- 
termediate drift  from  No.  8  chute  advanced  23  feel; 
face  shows  some  low-grade  ore.  North  drift  from 
No.  5  chute  is  in  14  feet,  two  feet  of  good  ore  in  the 
face.  This  drift  is  being  pushed  to  the  North  Com- 
monwealth line,  70  feet  to  go.  2d  level:  South 
stopes  looking  well  as  at  any  time  heretofore.  3d 
level:  South  drift  from  No.  2  crosscut  advanced  8 
feet,  exposing  some  good  ore.  Stopes  just  started 
at  this  point  look  well.  4th  level:  North  gangway 
extended  11  feet;  rock  breaks  very  bad,  causing 
slow  progress  to  be  made.  The  mill  is  running  and 
doing  good  work.  On  account  Of  having  to  get 
roaster  bins  filled,  pans  were  not  started  until  the 
7th.    The  extreme  cold  and  storms  interfered  great- 


Jan.  18,  1890] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


41 


ly  in  starting,  especially  in  repairing  any  brick  work. 
but  all  is  now  running  nicely.  Battery  pulp  assay 
for  the  week,  $273  per  ton;  crude  bullion  on  hand, 
$8000.  Seven  hundred  tons  have  been  sent  10  the 
conceoirator;  crushed  550  tons;  assay  value,  $18  per 
ton;  average  assay  of  concentrates  for  the  week, 
$271.28  per  ton. 

ARIZONA. 

Congress. — Prescott  Courier,  Jan.  «:  F.  M. 
Murphy,  superintendent  ot  the  Congress,  has  just 
come  up  from  mill  and  mine  and  has  the  same  news- 
—both  doing  well.  Quaru  Mountain  mill  is  running 
on  rich  gold  ore  from  the  company's  mines.  Now 
that  Mr.  Williams  has  come  bick,  matters  will  be 
pushed  on  Big  Bug  and  al  the  Senator.  A  Phu-nix 
paper  of  recent  date  slated  that  there  was  a  carload 
of  unusually  rich  silver  ore  from  Tip  Top  district, 
this  county,  at  the  store  of  J.  Y.  T.  Smith,  en  route 
to  the  smelter  at  Kl  Paso,  Texas.  Placer  miners 
are  sending  in  considerable  gold. 

Oke  TO  Shii'.— Mohave  .I////^r,  Jan.  n:  There 
are  between  150  and  200  tons  of  ore  awaiting  ship- 
ment from  the  various  camps.  Until  the  stormy 
weather  subsides  the  ore  teams  will  remain  tied  up. 
The  crosscut  tunnel  being  driven  on  the  Little  Boy 
mine  is  yet  some  distance  (rom  the  ledge,  and,  owing 
to  the  nature  of  the  ground,  slow  progress  is  being 
made.  N.  C.  Amer  recently  had  a  shipment  of 
high-grade  ore  (rom  the  Silver  King  mine  worked  at 
the  sampler.  Martin  Jeminez  and  Juan  Garcia  have 
four  men  to  work  on  the  Goldback  mine  near  Chlor- 
ide. They  are  getting  some  good  ore  from  the  main 
shad  and  will  continue  sinking  for  the  present.  T. 
Myers,  lessee  at  the  C.  O.  D  mine,  had  between  5 
and  6  tons  of  ore  worked  at  the  sampler,  which  gave 
a  result  ol  314  ounces  silver  per  ton.  Dan  McKin- 
non  and  Geo.  Koster  are  working  the  Altata  mine 
with  very  good  results.  They  have  a  carload  of  very 
good  ore  ready  for  sacking  and  shipping.  The  ore 
canies  considerable  copper  and  will  be  shipped  to 
Argo  for  treatment.  W.  B,  Campbell  is  working 
the  ore  from  his  gold  mine  in  the  Twins"  wash,  near 
Cerbat.  by  arastra,  witb  fine  results.  The  ore  is  very 
free,  while  the  gold  is  coarse.  The  pay  streak  has 
grown  to  a  width  of  10  inches  and  much  of  the  ore 
will  be  shipped.  A  whip  has  been  erected  at  the 
main  shaft  of  the  Tuckyhoe  mine,  Chloride.  At  last 
accounts  they  were  down  90  feet,  with  10  inches  of 
ore  that  will  average  350  ounces  silver  and  1% 
ounces  gold  per  ton.  The  new  shaft  at  the  Sunset 
mine  has  collapsed.  The  shaft  had  attained  a  depth 
of  95  feet,  but  it  was  sunk  io  a  wash  carrying  much 
water  during  rainy  weather,  and  the  recent  rains 
soaked  through  and  caused  the  cave.  Supt,  Mack- 
enzie has  about  25  men  employed  at  the  Cupel  mine 
and  the  ore  body  continues  to  grow  both  in  quantity 
and  quality. 

Globe  District  in  1889.  —  Silver  Belt,  Jan.  4: 
The  year  1889  was  a  fairly  prosperous  one  for  the 
mining  industry  of  Globe  district;  the  production  of 
both  silver  and  copper  will  show  a  considerable  in- 
crease over  that  of  the  previous  year,  and  the.  out- 
look is  bright  for  a  more  successful  season  in  1890 
than  we  h;ive  enjoyed  for  many  years.  A.  L,  Walk- 
er, superintendent  of  theO!d  Dominion  Copper  Co., 
tias  kindly  furnished  us  with  the  figures  representing 
the  output  of  copper  by  his  company  during  the  past 
year,  viz.,  5,915,510  pounds,  as  against  4,600,000 
pounds  in  i8ci8.  This  is  certainly  a  fine  showing 
lor  the  Old  Dominion  Co.,  and  the  value  of  their 
mine,  the  Globe,  is  better  appreciated  by  those  who 
recently  had  access  to  the  underground  works,  and 
ocular  proof  ol  the  extensive  ore  bodies  in  sight,  suf- 
ficient to  supply  the  smelter  with  ore  through  the 
current  year,  and  developments  now  in  progress  and 
contemplated  will  increase  the  ore  supply  and  facili- 
tate its  extraction.  With  an  active  copper  market, 
a  liberal  supply  of  coke  on  hand  and  the  probability 
of  an  oppn  winter,  there  is  every  reason  to  hope  that 
the  Old  Dominion  Copper  Co.  will  enjoy  a  contin- 
U0115.  and  prosperous  run. 

BRITISH  COLUMBIA. 


American  Mining  Machinery  Wanted. — 
Kamloops  Sentinel,  Jan,  4:  So  much  has  been  said 
and  written  one  way  and  another,  regarding  the 
necessity  of  placing  mining  machinery  on  the  free 
list,  and  the  arguments  advanced  in  favor  thereof 
have  been  so  potent,  that  little  more  remains  to  be 
said  on  the  subject.  However,  the  importance  of 
the  subject  is  our  only  excuse  for  referring  to  it  in 
this  number,  and  that  it  is  important  can  easily  be 
gleaned  by  a  perusal  of  the  reports  from  the  differ- 
ent quartz-mining  sections  of  the  province  as  they 
appear  in  this  issue.  There  can  be  no  two  opinions 
regarding  the  great  drawbacks  the  raining  industry 
of  the  province  suffers  on  account  of  the  heavy  duty 
on  mining  machinery.  The  majority  of  the  ores  of 
British  Columbia  are  of  a  relractory  nature,  and 
special  machinery  such  as  is  not  manufactured  in  the 
Dominion  is  required  for  their  reduction.  To  pur- 
chase this  machinery  in  a  foreign  country  and  then  pay 
the  enormous  duty  fi.xed  by  the  Federal  Government 
is  imposing  a  double  burden  on  the  miner,  a  burden 
he  is  in  many  cases  unable  to  shoulder,  and  conse- 
quently his  claim  must  remain  undeveloped.  With 
the  knowledge  of  this  fact  in  their  possession  we 
cannot  understand  why  any  delay  should  be  made 
by  the  Government  in  deciding  on  this  important 
subject.  But  another  phase  of  the  question  presents 
itself.  Already  the  plant  for  two  smelting  works 
has  been  imported  into  the  province  and  the  duty 
thereon  has  been  paid.  Another  company  has  pur- 
chased plant  for  a  smelting  works,  which  has  re- 
mained in  the  hands  of  the  manufacturer  for  about 
a  year.  The  company  has  been  led  by  certain  mat- 
ters under  consideration  to  leave  the  plant  where  it 
is.  And  probably  not  among  the  least  of  these  con- 
siderations was  the  desire  to  await  the  action  of  the 
Federal  Government  in  placing  such  machinery  on 
the  free  list.  If  so,  and  the  Government  f^hould,  be- 
fore they  decide  to  bring  in  the  machinery,  strike  off 
the  duty,  then  it  would  be  no  more  than  a  simple 
matter  of  justice  to  refund  to  those  companies  which 
have  imported  plant  and  paid  duty  thereon,  the 
amount  so  paid.  The  duty  must  come  off  mining 
machinery,  and  to  be  consistent  the  amount  of  duty 
already  paid  must  be  refunded. 

COLORADO. 

Locations. — Georgetown  Courier.  Jan.  g:  The 
records  show  that  during  1889  there  were  473  min- 
ing claims  located  in  Clear  Creek  county,  or  a  pre- 
emption of   some  2365  acres  of    mineral-bearing 


lands,  A  location  in  18S9  doesn't  mean  what  it 
did  in  1869— then  if  a  man  discovered  mineral  indi- 
catioos,  he  put  up  his  stake  and  his  neighbors  who 
could  afford  a  shingle  and  pencil  proceeded  to 
locate  Nos.  i,  2,  3,  4.  etc.  both,, west  and  east  up 
to  20;  DOW  it  means  a  survey,  the  sinking  of  a  shaft 
10  feet  from  the  lowest  rim  and  the  disclosing  of  a 
well-defined  crevice.  It  costs  at  least  $100  to  do 
the  simple  location  work  and  it  is  fair  to  assume 
that  at  least  $200  has  been  spent  on  each  new  loca- 
tion, so  tbat  in  new  work  alone  we  have  spent 
at>out  $100,000  in  mining,  on  new  ground. 

The  Golden  Falcon,— The  Falcon  lode,  Mor- 
ris district,  worked  by  tieorge  Mills  ife  Co.,  has  a 
body  of  gold  ore,  that,  with  a  stamp-mill  near  by, 
could  be  made  one  of  the  largest  producers  in 
Clear  Creek  county.  The  value  of  the  ore  body 
has  been  determined  by  a  mill-run  of  30  tons,  which 
averaged  an  ounce  gold  per  ton. 

The  Comet's  Big  Vein. — The  recent  strike  on 
the  Comet  mine  is  in  the  old  east  shaft  at  a  depth 
of  about  65  feel.  The  lessee,  Mr.  O'Mallie,  has 
run  a  drift  west  from  the  shaft  about  15  feet  through 
a  12-foot  vein  lode  material,  indiscriminately  mixed 
throughout  with  rich  ore,  the  entire  12  feet  being 
taken  out  and  sorted. 

Leadville's  Pkoduceks. — Denver  Republican, 
Jan.  9:  The  difiiculties  existing  between  the  Marian 
Mining  Co.  and  the  lessees  on  the  properties  owned 
by  this  company,  have  been  amicably  adjusted. 
These  difticuUies  having  been  so  satisfactorily  set- 
tled, the  company  assumed  the  entire  control  of  all 
the  ground  belonging  to  them,  and  are  now  in  full 
possession,  and  intend  to  work  some  of  it  them- 
selves. Mr.  Havens,  acting  for  the  Marian  Co., 
has  granted  a  new  lease  to  the  former  lessees  of  the 
Devlin,  another  of  the  company's  properties,  for  a 
long  term,  the  lessees  being  Dr.  Galloway,  of  our  city, 
and  a  number  of  others,  fhe  strike  in  the  Lucy  B. 
Hussey  having  demonstrated  the  fact  that  m  order  to 
get  at,  develop  and  handle  the  ore  from  the  new 
chute  to  advantage,  a  new  shaft  must  be  sunk,  with 
the  customary  promptness  of  the  management  of 
that  property,  surveys  were  made  and  a  contract 
let  for  the  sinking  ol  such  a  shaft,  pending  the 
reaching  of  the  ore  body,  by  which  shaft  all  work, 
apart  from  keeping  the  old  workings  free  of  water, 
was  abandoned,  and  all  the  force  employed  at  the 
new  shaft.  The  encountering  of  this  chute  by  the 
Lucy  B.  Hussey  is  without  doubt  one  of  the  most 
important  events  we  have  had  to  chronicle  for  a 
long  time,  and  we  shall  anxiously  await  the  reach- 
ing of  the  ore  body  by  the  new  shaft  and  the  subse- 
quent development  of  the  chute.  Mr.  George 
Kruger  of  the  Tip  Top  mine  returned  to  Leadville 
after  an  absence  of  some  eight  months  in  Europe, 
and  the  mine  has  now  closed  down  for  repairs  to 
machinery,  but  will  be  started  up  again  and  work 
resumed  on  the  entire  ground  as  soon  as  the  nec- 
essary repairs  are  effected.  The  shipment  of  ores 
from  this  mine  has  increased  very  materially  lately, 
the  average  amount  per  day  being  something  over 
30  tons. 

Hunter  Park  M.  Co. — Aspen  Times,  Jan.  10: 
The  Hunter  Park  M.  Co.  has  got  its  shaft  down 
S40  feet  on  the  Montgomery  group  in  Hunter  park 
and  has  just  let  a  contract  for  another  loo  feet. 
The  shaft  is  still  in  the  blue  lime,  but  it  is  expected 
that  the  present  contract  will  carry  it  to  or  very  near 
the  contact.  This  company  is  amply  supplied  with 
funds  for  prospecting  its  properly. 

On  Miller  Creek. — Gus  Carlson  and  his  part- 
ner have  been  sinking  a  shaft  on  the  Snow  Fall 
claim  on  Miller  creek  and  have  gone  down  about  40 
feet. 

The  Edison. — Manager  Murphy  of  the  Edison 
reports  that  he  has  100  tons  of  ore  on  the  dump 
ready  to  ship.  This  will  be  sent  down  to  make 
room  for  what  is  being  broken  in  the  mine.  The 
property  is  certainly  improving,  although  the  ore  is 
not  now  as  high  grade  as  it  was  a  few  days  ago. 

Low-Grade  Dry  Ores.— Mr.  Charles  Driver, 
manager  of  the  Driver  Public  Sampling  Works,  has 
succeeded  in  securing  a  new  schedule  of  prices  for 
low-grade  dry  ores,  which  will  enable  the  miner  to 
ship  25  and  30-ounce  ores  at  a  profit.  Many  mines 
can  now  increase  their  output.  This  outlet  for  low^ 
grade  dry  ores  running  from  25  to  40  ounces  per 
ton,  will  materially  increase  the  prosperity  of  the 
camp. 


DAKOTA. 


Syndicate  Smelter. - 


Wahl,  Louis  W.itil,  Pha-be  Grace,  Eva  and  Pharaoh 
mines,  together  with  millsites,  water-rights  and  tun- 
nel-sites, situated  near  De  Lamar,  Owyhee  Co.  The 
price  paid  was  $500,000.  Nearly  every  one  is  glad 
thai  the  Captain  purchased  the  properly,  l>ecause 
to  him  more  than  any  one  else  is  the  development 
of  the  nth  mining  camp  near  De  I-amar  due.  The 
properly  is  well  worth  the  price  paid  for  it.  The 
Captain  will  at  once  enlarge  the  mill,  so  we  under- 
stand, to  the  end  that  he  may  reduce  too  tons  of 
ore  per  day  instead  of  50. 

LOWER    CALIFORNIA. 

New  Placer^.— 5a«  Diegan,  Jan.  4:  As  pre- 
dicted, the  rains  are  bringing  new  placer  finds  10 
light,  and  from  now  on  rich  strikes  may  be  expected 
in  the  vicinity  of  Alamo,  as  well  as  in  places  not 
yei  prospected.  The  strike  reported  last  week  at 
Mexican  gulch,  where  two  men  took  out  $200  in 
one  day,  brought  many  miners  over  from  Alamo, 
and  several  discoveries  were  made.  Three  new 
ledges,  named  the  Northern  Belle,  Las  Dos  Es- 
raeraldas  and  Las  Flores,  have  been  denounced,  all 
of  them  situated  near  the  new  discovery.  The 
quartz  is  almost  entirely  decomposed,  and  some  of 
ine  dirt  yields  $2  to  $5  a  pan.  It  is  claimed  that 
the  quartz  will  run  $1500  per  ton,  but  this  must 
not  be  granted  till  it  is  proven.  The  new  veins  are 
about  four  feet  wide  and  have  every  indication  of 
holding.  They  run  directly  north  and  south.  W. 
S.  Rerr,  who  is  mterested  in  the  Lane  mill  al 
Alamo,  has  ordered  another  mill  of  the  same  pat- 
tern (Wiswell)  which  will  arrive  from  S.  F.  00  the 
Newbern  next  month.     It  will  be  set  up  al  Alamo. 

International  Co.  Work.— The  International 
Co.  is  receiving  bids  for  going  ahead  on  the  Prin- 
cesi.  and  aho  other  mines,  to  do  the  work  required 
by  law  on  mines  to  which  possession  has  been 
given,  which  is  equivalent  to  sinking  a  shaft  50  feet 
on  each  mine.  This  will  result  in  putting  a  good 
number  ot  men  to  work  who  are  now  idle.  Free 
milling  ore  will  soon  be  taken  out  of  the  Princesa 
at  70  leel  for  immediate  milling,  while  the  work 
wilt  still  proceed  at  the  100-foot  level  in  this  mine, 
where  the  ore  consists  of  sulphurets  of  iron,  rich 
in  gold.  Lane's  mill  is  running  in  full  blast  and 
will  soon  be  inclosed  with  a  new  building.  A  25- 
pound  rock,  full  of  free  gold,  from  La  Flor  mine, 
eight  miles  southeast  of  Alamo,  owned  by  the 
Frenchmen,  has  been  on  exhibition  at  Alamo,  and 
excited  no  little  admiration. 

At  Real  Del  Castillo.— At  the  Real  del  Cas- 
tillo, work  is  still  progressing  on  the  Accidental  tun- 
nel, and  it  is  expected  that  the  ledge  will  soon  be 
struck.  A.  Morales  has  bought  a  new  pump  which 
he  will  put  up  at  the  San  Nicolas.  Ihe  Chinese 
have  been  hindered  by  the  rains  from  finishing  the 
Masac  flume,  but  it  is  being  hurried  to  completion. 
Gold  has  been  found  in  placer  and  quartz  on  Tana- 
ma  mesa,  near  Tecate,  about  70  miles  northeast  of 
Ensenada.  The  Florentina  (placer)  and  Fortuna 
(quartz)  have  been  denounced  by  Juan  B.  Morales 
and  Jose  Bustamente. 

MONTANA. 

Mountain  View  Ok'e.— Inter- Mountain.  Jan.  8: 
The  worst  experience  thus  far  encountered  at  the 
Mountain  View  mine  is  the  hauling  of  its  ores  to  the 
smelter  in  Meaderville.  The  teams  have  now  al- 
ready all  the  roads  so  blocked  with  piles  of  ore  from 
break-downs  and  the  wagons  sliding  around  that  it 
has  become  almost  impossible  for  them  to  navigate. 
Wagons  have  to  be  exclusively  used,  as  sleds  can- 
not be  brought  up  into  the  concentrator,  so  wheels 
must  be  entirely  resorted  to  as  means  of  locomotion. 
This  year  will  end  all  this  trouble,  as  it  is  the  in- 
tention of  the  company  to  build  the  branch  from  the 
Montana  Central  to  the  mines  on  the  hill,  the  prop- 
erty of  the  company. 

Magna  Charta. — The  drifts  in  the  Magna 
Charta  on  the  300  and  400  are  being  put  in  condi- 
tion to  commence  the  sloping  of  ores  at  these 
points,  more  especially  in  the  northeast.  Ore  has 
been  taken  all  the  way  from  the  700  to  the  surface 
and  as  much  remains  in  sight  as  already  abstracted, 
with  considerable  ground  yet  to  prospect.  The  mill 
of  the  Alice  company,  of  which  the  Magna  Charta 
is  a  part,  is  pounding  away  steadily  on  ores  taken 
out  of  both  the  Alice  and  Magna  Charta  mines  and 
*      At  the  Blue   Wing 


is  doing  no  custom  work  at  all. 
-Deadwood  Pioneer,  Jan.    a  few  men  are  working,  placing  the  mine   in  a  posi^ 


The  plant  was  not  blown  in  yesterday,  as  had 
been  intended,  but  fires  will  probably  be  lighted  to- 
day or  to-morrow.  The  run,  to  be  of  two  weeks' 
duration,  will  be  on  ores  from  several  Bald  Mount- 
ain and  Ruby  Bisin   mines. 

Reduction  Works. — Everything  moves  smooth- 
ly at  Col.  Carpenter's  reduction  works.  Carpenter- 
ing is  nearly  complete,  and  repairs  to  machinery  are 
all  but  finished.  The  plant  will  probably  be  ready 
for  business  by  the  20th  of  the  month,  and  started 
for  its  initial  run  not  later  than  February    ist, 

IDAHO. 

The  Tip-Top  Mill.— Wood  River  Times,  Jan. 
8:  The  new  Huntington  mill  at  the  Tip-Top  mme, 
on  the  Gold  Belt,  was  started  up  for  tbe  first  time 
Christmas  D^y.  The  mill  was  in  first-class  running 
order  within  24  hours  from  the  start,  the  only  thing 
about  it  needing  regulating  being  the  tension  of  the 
belts.  Ole  Rorera  was  in  Hailey  last  evening,  and 
being  asked  how  tbe  mill  was  doing,  replied:  "We 
are  grinding  out  gold  night  and  day;  two  hundred 
dollars  worth  every  24  hours,  and  at  an  expense  of 
only  $60  a  day.  We  have  14  men  at  work  and  will 
keep  the  lick  up  all  winter."  Only  one  Huntington 
mill  is  in  operation,  as  they  w^re  only  wanting  to 
make  a  test.  There  is  plenty  of  ore  in  sight  to  keep 
half-a-dozen  such  mills  in  motion  indefinitely. 

Softer  Ground.— Ketchum  keystone,  Jan.  11: 
It  was  reported  a  few  days  since  that  the  parties 
running  the  Elkhorn  tunnel  had  encountered  soft 
ground  and  indications  of  quartz  and  iron.  When 
it  is  remembered  how  slowly  this  important  work 
has  been  going  on  for  a  long  time, owing  to  the  hard- 
ness of  the  formation  encountered,  the  discovery  cf 
soft  ground — and  the  consequent  reason  for  expect- 
ing more— is  regarded  with  no  little  satisfaction  by 
those  interested.  In  fact,  the  whole  community  is 
interested. 

An  Important  Sale.— Owyhee  Avalanche,  l^xi. 
11:  Gapt.  J.  R.  De  Lamar  of  De  Lamar,  Idaho,  is 
the  purchaser  of  the  two-thirds  interest  of  Christian 
and  Louis  Wahl,  in  the  Wilson,  Chicago,  Christian 


lion  to  produce  ores,  ol  which  there  is  a  known 
amount  in  sight  without  taking  into  consideration 
the  ground  that  is  not  yet  opened  up.  The  Mount- 
ain Consolidated  shaft  is  550  feet  in  depth  and  ore 
is  being  produced  from  every  level  in  the  mine. 
There  are  no  reports  of  new  strikes  to  make,  as  for 
some  lime  past  it  is  known  they  have  a  body  of  ore. 
copper  in  character  w  th  a  sprinkling  of  silver,  second 
only  to  one  mine  in  the  camp.  From  reports  cir- 
culated it  is  learned  that  it  is  the  intention  of  the 
Colorado  company  to  sink  the  Gignon  to  the  1000- 
foot  level  which  is  on  an  incline.  A  new  pump  was 
purchased  yesterday  for  tbe  Mountain  Lion  com- 
pany, size  5>^X3^X7.  The  Acquisition  has  again 
been  started  up  by  an  Armstrong  hoist.  There 
have  always  been  favorable  prospects  in  this  mine, 
but  the  leasers  do  not  seem  to  make  it  stick.  It 
changes  management  often. 

NEW  MEXICO. 


The  Savage  Mine  Sold.— Kingston  Shaft,  Jan. 
8:  We  are  glad  to  announce  that  the  sale  ol  the 
Savage  mine  and  Savage  (rartion,  which  has  hung 
fire  some  time,  has  at  last  been  consummated.  We  are 
informed  that  the  deed  in  escrow  calls  for  $65,000, 
and  that  considerable  money  was  paid  down.  The 
sale  was  made  on  Dec.  20th,  but  was  not  com- 
pleted until  Jan.  ist.  Horace  McChristian  was  the 
lucky  purchaser  and  we  are  informed  that  he  is  more 
than  pleased  with  his  bargain.  The  final  payments 
will  not  be  made  for  six  months  unless  Mr.  Mc- 
Christian so  desires,  but  it  is  presumed  that  he  will 
make  them  much  sooner,  as  the  property  is  in  reality 
able  to  brmg  ihai  amount  of  money  at  any  time.  A 
force  ^v  men  was  placed  at  work  upon  the  mine  on 
the  3d  inst.,  and  the  force  will  be  increased  as  fast 
as  room  can  be  found  to  work  them. 

Stein's  Pass. — Lordsburg  Liberal,  Jan.  11: 
Bob  Williams  was  in  from  Stein's  Pass  yesterday. 
He  reports  the  camp  in  a  flourishing  condition.  Re- 
cent prospecting  indicates  that  big  values  are  to  be 
found  in  the  ledge  to  the  south.  Winters  &  Kim- 
ball are  taking  out  plenty  of  high-grade  ore.     The 


more  work  that  is  done  in  the  Bachelor  ihe  belter  it 
looks.  Sam  Meeks  writes  that  he  has  bonded  bis 
half  interest  in  the  Palchloki.  Volunteer  and  Coon 
to  John  l'\  Miles.  It  is  reported  that  the  Volcano  is 
about  sold. 

ORKGON. 

The  Dolly  Varden  Sold,— Bedrock  Democrat, 
Jan.  8:  The  Democrat  has  been  informed  that  the 
Dolly  Varden  mme  in  Sparta  district,  owned  by 
Capi.  E.  M.  White  and  others,  has  been  sold  to  the 
Bowick  Bros.,  representing  a  large  English  syndi- 
cate, the  sale  being  consummated  in  Portland.  The 
company  purchasing  this  property  are  also  tbe  own- 
ers of  the  Monumental  mine  in  Granite  district,  un- 
der the  name  of  the  Oregon  Gold  M.  Co.,  Limited, 
of.London.  England.  The  Dolly  Varden  is  said  to 
be  a  good  buy,  and  included  in  the  purchase  are 
several  other  mines  adjacent  to  that  properly,  form- 
ing a  group  of  gold-bearing  mines  that  will  certainly 
yield  a  large  output  when  properly  equipped  with 
suitable  machinery.  The  sale  of  this  property 
means  the  erection  of  a  large  milling  plant  and  the 
result  will  be  of  great  benefit  to  the  whole  district 
for  miles  around. 

Mines  of  Granite.— Cor.  Bedrock  Democrat, 
Jan.  8:  Many  new  discoveries  were  made  up  in  the 
Greenhorn  mountains  and  all  of  that  section  give 
excellent  promise  of  being  a  great  bullion-producer 
in  the  near  future,  as  soon  as  the  proper  milling  fa- 
cilities are  supplied.  Mr,  Henry  Cable  has  worked 
quite  a  number  of  batches  of  ore  from  the  Colum- 
bia mine,  adjoining  the  E.  &  E.,  and  obtained  in 
every  instance  from  95  to  97  per  cent  of  the  assay 
value  by  chlorination.  Up  at  the  head  of  Cracker 
and  Fruit  creeks  some  fine  developments  have  been 
made  during  the  past  season,  and  you  will  hear 
some  good  news  irom  Mr.  Kinsey's  properly  up 
there  next  year.  Al  Cable  Cove  work  is  being 
pushed  on  the  Miner  claim,  and  there  are  al  least 
20  locations  that  will  give  a  good  account  of  them- 
selves as  soon  as  there  are  milling  facilities.  Over 
at  the  La  Bellevue  group  of  mines  the  concentrating 
works  are  turning  out  concentrates  averaging  $300 
per  ton,  faster  than  teams  can  be  had  to  haul  them 
to  the  railroad  at  Baker  Cily.  Here  is  the  grandest 
mine  in  all  this  section  of  country.  Two  tunnels  of 
800  feet  each  show  a  compact  body  of  ore  from 
three  to  ten  feet  in  width  for  the  entire  distance, 
and  not  an  ounce  of  waste  in  any  portion  of  it.  The 
La  Bellevue  has  paid  from  the  grass  roots  down, 
and  the  ore  is  belter  in  the  lower  tunnel  than  on 
lop.  The  ore  taken  from  the  tunnels  and  winzes 
have  paid  for  all  the  work  done  upon  the  mine,  and 
have  been  shipped  more  than  1000  miles  10  the  re- 
duction works,  and  not  a  ton  of  ore  has  sloped.  Is 
it  not  a  good  showing? 

UTAH. 

TiNTic  District.— Salt  Lake  Trtbufre.Jau.  12: 
When  snow  came  it  blocked  everything.  This  has 
caused  the  Mammoth  to  lay  off  part  of  its  force,  be- 
cause there  was  no  storage  room  left  for  ore,  all  the 
bins  and  some  of  the  old  slopes  being  full. 

Castle  Valley  Coal-Fields.— Union  Pacific 
officials  have  been  looking  over  the  Castle  Valley 
coal-fields  with  a  view  to  opening  up  extensive  mines 
there. 

The  Horn  Silver.- At  Frisco  the  Horn  Silver 
is  making  its  regular  shipment  of  about  1000  tons  of 
ore  per  month,  such  as  net  the  company  about  $30 
per  ton.  During  the  past  year  this  mine  sent  out  a 
little  over  12.000  tons  of  ore.  They  have  in  sight 
fully  18  months'  work  of  similar  ore  in  the  mine, 
but  it  is  not  shipped  separately,  it  being  found  best 
to  mix  it  with  the  low-grade  ore.  The  company  em- 
ploys aboui  100  men.  During  the  pas:  year,  under 
the  superintendence  of  Hon,  P.  T.  Farnsworth, 
there  was  paid  a  dividend  of  $50,000  and  a  surplus 
fund  of  $20,000  was  created,  besides  loaning  $200.- 
000. 

The  Cactus  Co.— The  Cactus  M.  Co.'s  property 
in  Copper  gulch,  near  Frisco,  is  being  operated  to 
some  extent  by  the  Comet  Smelting  Co.;  also  a 
French  organization  having  a  lease  on  the  Cactus 
mines.  After  several  months  of  inactivity  they  have 
put  a  few  men  at  work. 

Copper  Claims. — The  French  company  owning 
some  copper  claims  a  few  miles  northwest  of  Mil- 
ford  are  working  a  small  force  there  in  developing 
their  property. 

Iron  Deposits  at  Tintic— Parties  at  Provo 
owning  valuable  iron  deposits  in  Tintic,  which  they 
have  been  developing  for  years,  and  have  in  vain 
tried  to  start  a  furnace  and  foundry  to  use  this  iron, 
have  had  their  hopes  brightened  the  past  few  days. 
Outside  capital  is  seeking  a  location  for  a  stove 
foundry,  and  learning  of  these  iron  mines  have  made 
a  proposition  for  20,000  tons  of  pig  iron  during  this 
year.  Tbey  are  rustling  for  a  local  organization  and 
funds  to  embark  in  making  pig  iron,  and  if  success- 
ful will  get  a  furnace  in  blast  as  soon  as  possible. 

Park  Notes.— Record,  Jan.  11:  Last  Tuesday 
morning  the  Nevada-Northland  leasers  broke  into 
the  leasers'  workings  in  the  Mayflower  No.  7,  and 
what  will  be  the  outcome  can  only  be  conjectured. 
It  is  alleged  by  the  Nevada-Northland  people  that 
the  Mayflower  have  been  working  in  and  extracting 
ore  from  their  ground,  and  to  confirm  this  suspi- 
cion they  drifted  and  then  sank  to  connect  with  the 
Mayflower  workings.  When  but  a  thin  space  of 
ground  remained  between,  a  small  hole  was  broke 
through  which  gave  an  opening.  Each  side  is  de- 
termined and  it  looks  like  the  fight  for  possession  of 
the  valuable  and  disputed  ground  will  find  its  way 
into  court. 

Crescent's  Upper  Works  Leased.— Messrs. 
Chas.  H.  Gitsch  and  Richard  Campbell  have  se- 
cured a  five  months'  lease,  dating  from  January  ist, 
and  paying  a  royalty  of  one-sixth  on  the  output,  on 
all  the  Crescent  Mining  Co.'s  property  above  the 
.E'na  tunnel. 

Good  News  from  the  M'Cune. — The  hard  for- 
mation which  the  McCune  tunnel  has  lately  gone 
through  has  proved  to  be  the  footwall  of  a  big  and 
well-defined  ledge,  so  they  have  started  work  drill- 
ing on  it. 

Ore  and  Bullion  Shipments.— During  the 
week  the  Mackintosh  sampler  received  and  for- 
warded 545,  r40  pounds  of  Ontario  ore;  294630  of 
Mayflower  No.  7  leasers';  272  470  of  Daly;  78,750 
of  Alliance;  76.980  of  Woodside.  and  34.430  pounds 
of  Nevada-Norlhland  leasers'  ore;  total,  1.302,400 
pounds.  The  Ontario  bullion  product  for  the  week 
was  35  bars  containing  21,247,86  fine  ounces  of 
silver. 


42 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Jan.  18,  1890 


n^ECHAJMIQAL  PROQRESa 


The  Foundry. 


-The 


The  Bequlrement   of  Modern  Times- 
Apprentice  Svatem. 

The  nse  of  machinery  has  been  attempted  in 
the  fouodryf  bat  its  sncceBBful  application  has 
baen  very  limited,  beiog  confined  to  a  compar- 
atively  few  olasBes  of  oaetinge;  therefore  the 
progreea  made  has  not  been  the  result  of  im- 
proved machinery  so  much  as  the  general  at- 
tention to  the  details  of  the  work  and  the 
greater  knowledge  of  the  principles  of  the 
foundry  work  by  the  ma j  irity  of  the  men  em- 
ployed in  it.  To  the  foandrymen  whose  names 
are  connected  with  the  foundry  literature  of 
the  present  time  is  due  a  great  deal  of  credit  in 
considering  the  progress  made  in  foundry  work 
during  the  paet  decade;  men  who,  in  addltian 
to  the  cares  of  the  management  of  a  foundry 
during  the  daytime,  have  taken  upon  them* 
selves  the  extra  labor  of  furnishing  molders 
food  for  thought  and  new  ideas  for  practice 
through  the  columns  of  mechanical  papers. 

That  there  is  abundant  room  for  greater 
progress  in  foundry  work,  those  who  are  most 
intimately  arquainted  with  the  art  of  founding 
unhesitdtiogly  admit.  How  is  this  progress 
to  be  brought  about! 

It  is  to  a  great  extent  in  the  hands  of  the 
foremen  and  proprietors  of  fonndiies,  as  well  as 
the  moldera  themselves. 

The  duty  of  the  molder  in  helping  onward 
the  progress  iu  foundry  work  is  to  improve 
himself  in  the  intricacies  of  his  trade  by  care- 
ful observation  and  study*  while  the  duty  of 
the  proprietor  and  foreman  is  to  make  better 
molders,  men  who  are  better  qualified  to  rep* 
resent  the  trade  in  the  mechanical  world. 

We  undoubtedly  have  in  our  ranks  some 
men  who  are  just  as  good  mechanics  as  can  be 
found  in  the  ranks  of  any  trade,  but  we  also 
have  men  who  travel  about  the  country  nnder 
the  name  of  molders  who  are  only  a  dipgraoe 
to  the  trade.  There  is  a  remedy  for  this  state 
of  affairs,  and  the  remedy  for  this  evil  rests  en- 
tirely in  the  hands  of  the  proprietors  and  fore- 
men. I  would  suggest  (ifcer  a  careful  study 
and  a  thorough  knowledge  of  the  rtqairements 
of  the  casf )  a  change  in  the  apprenticeship  sys- 
tem in  vogue  in  m^ist  foundries  at  present,  in 
which  every  Tom,  Dick  or  Harry  gets  a  chance 
to  **  learn  the  trade,"  and  after  an  apprentice- 
ship of  perhaps  three  years  is  launched  upon 
the  mechanical  world  as  a  molder.  In  nine 
oases  out  of  ten,  when  such  a  molder  (?)  secures 
a  job  in  a  straDge  shop,  his  ability  is  soon 
gauged,  and  he  is  kept  at  work  on  the  poorest 
class  of  work,  as  there  is  no  money  in  him  on 
good  work.  He  soon  tires  of  such  a  job  and 
makes  a  change,  only  to  find  the  same  program 
prepared  for  him,  and  such  is  his  life,  traveling 
from  one  shop  to  another,  bat  never  getting  a 
step  higher  in  the  knowledge  of  his  trade.  0' 
course  there  are  exceptions  to  this  rule,  but  it 
is  safe  to  say  I  have  outlined  the  result  in  a 
gre%t  maj:)rity  of  the  apprenticeehips  of  to-day. 
Wa  want  and  should  have  a  more  strict  ap- 
prentice system,  one  that  will  insure  the  trade 
a  good  mechanic,  and  the  apprentice  a  fair 
knowledge  of  hia  trade  when  he  enters  the  me- 
chanical world  as  a  journeyman  molder.  I 
would  suggest  that  each  apprentice  be  ioden 
tured  for  at  least  five  years,  at  a  salary  which 
will  at  least  support  him,  yet  be  low  enough  to 
allow  the  employer  to  do  his  dutv  by  the  ap- 
prentice, without  loss.— tA.  P.  Pero,  in  The 
Tradesman. 

A  Pneumatic  Tire  fob  Bicycles.— A  pneu- 
macic  tire  tor  bicycles  has  btsen  invented  in 
Belfast,  Ireland,  which,  if  all  that  is  claimed 
for  it  is  true,  must  mark  a  new  era  in  this 
method  of  recreation.  The  tire  for  a  full  road- 
ster is  about  two  and  one  half  inches  in  diame- 
ter, and  is  composed  of  an  outer  covering  of 
rubber,  graduated  in  thickness  from  about  a 
quarter  of  an  inch,  wbereit  touches  the  ground, 
and  protected  by  canvas,  where  it  is  attached 
to  the  rim,  which  is  very  broad  and  nearly  flab. 
Inside  this  outer  covering  is  an  ioner  tube,whicb 
contains  the  air.  The  air  is  pumped  in  with  a  foot- 
ball blower,  and  a  patent  air  valve  prevents  its 
return.  V  bration  is  practically  annihilated.  It 
is  intercepted  between  the  rim  and  the  ground, 
and  oonsfquently  the  frame  receives  no  jir  ex- 
cept when  an  unusually  large  hole  is  encoun- 
tsred.  A.  frame  so  protected  should  wear  out 
two  frames  with  solid  tired  wheels  ;  and  not 
only  BO,  but  riders  will  be  able  t6  use  very 
much  lighter  frames  without  any  danger  of  their 
collapsing.  In  a  recent  fifty-mile  road  cham 
pionship,  in  the  Pbcsaix  P<*rk,  Dublin,  one  of 
the  competitors  rode  a  raciog  safety,  fittpd 
with  *' pneumatic"  tires,  and  scaling  only  23 

pounds,  and  yet  it  passed  through  the  ordeal 

an  ordeal  trying  even  to  the  heaviest  makes 

without  the  si  ghtest  damage.  Anti-vibration, 
l"86^ge  *^nd  camera-carriers  and  spring  lamp 
brackets  are  quite  unneoBssary.and  the  complete 
absence  of  noise  puts  the  finishing  touch  to  the 
comfort  and  enjoyment  of  the  rider. 


points  in  connection  with  the  machine  which 
must  be  seen  to  be  appreciated,  especially  the 
return  of  the  blade  after  a  cut  has  been  made, 
and  which  is  made  without  any  springs  to  offer 
any  resistance  to  the  cutting  motion.  A  great 
advantage  and  saving  of  time  results  from  the 
finished  manner  in  which  the  work  Ib  left  after 
the  cutting. 

Cut  vs  Cast  Gears. — Cat  gears  run  smooth- 
er than  cast  gears,  and  gears  that  have  their 
teeth  set  on  a  skew  run  more  quietly  than 
those  out  square  across,  but  there  is  a  form  of  a 
tooth  on  the  slant  known  as  the  herring  bone, 
tbat  no  one  ever  attempted  to  cut  on  a  milling 
machine  until  a  gear-maker  discovered  that 
they  could  be  oast  iu  halves  and  bolted  togeth- 
er after  the  teeth  had  been  snagged  on  a  gear* 
cutter.  It  was  claimed  that  che  strength  by 
bracing  against  each  other  was  not  impaired  if 
the  wheel  was  driven  in  the  right  direction,  and 
where  strength  alone  is  not  the  vital  point  the 
space  on  one  side  can  be  made  to  match  with  the 
teeth  on  the  other,  and  in  this  way  get  the 
best  condition  for  a  smooth-working  gear. 


The  Compocnd  Engine. — To  what  an  extent 
facts  gathered  from  experience  will  overturn 
theory  is  well  seen  in  the  instance  of  the  com- 
pound engine.  It  is  but  a  few  years  ago  that 
the  utility  of  the  compound  engine  in  mills  was 
opposed  by  most  of  the  engineers  in  this  coun- 
try. Now  it  looks  as  if  in  a  few  years  the  sim- 
ple condensing  engine  for  large  power  would  be 
a  curiosity.  And  as  the  practice  of  compound- 
ing  comes  to  be  better  understood,  it  is  extend- 
ing to  small  sizes.  Higher  steam  pressures  and 
compounding  are  having  an  important  influence 
in  reducing  the  cost  of  motive-power. 

The  Manufacture  of  Spikes. — Experiments 
of  an  encouraging  character  have  been  made  ifi 
the  manufacture  of  spikes,  with  a  view  to  mak 
ing  a  finished  article  by  rolling  the  bar  so  that 
its  width  shall  be  the  length  of  the  spike,  and 
in  such  shapes  that  the  spikes  may  be  cut  from 
it  with  sheaia,  similarly  as  a  cut  nail  is  made, 
except  that  the  head  is  made  in  the  rolling 
process.  In  tests  made  by  running  through 
some  steel  nails  that  had  been  slowly  heated 
for  2^  hours,  the  result  showed  that  with  some 
change  in  the  working  mechanism  the  opera- 
tion was  entirely  practicable. 

Largest  Locomotive  Ever  Built.  —  The 
largest  locomotive  ever  built  has  been  ordered 
by  the  St.  Guthard  Riiiway  Company  of  J.  A. 
IVIaffit,  of  Munich,  It  will  be  a  large  double 
compound  tender-locomotive  on  the  Mallet  sys- 
tem. The  service  weight  will  be  85  tons,  and 
the  engine  will  run  on  six  axles  coupled  in  two 
motor  groups.  In  Stephenson's  time  the  rail- 
way locomotive  engines  weighed  only  about 
seven  tons.  Now  the  best  type  of  the  ordinary 
express  engine  weighs  about  50  tons. 


2QlENTIFie  Fr.O(BRESS. 


A  Machine  Much  Needed  in  JiIill  Work. 
A  machine  for  cutting  up  round  or  fiat  iron 
and  steel,  and  much  needed  in  mil  work,  has 
been  invented,  says  the  Rockville,  Conn,, 
Journal.  It  cats  round  iron  or  steel,  from  one- 
quarter  to  one-half  inch,  and  fiat  up  to  quarter 
inch,  as  eapy  as  on"  outs  a  piece  of  card  with 
pncket  scissors.  There  is  an  ojenicg  (or  e^ch 
H'Z9  of  round  while  a  drawing  shear  cuts  the 
'lat.    There  are  several  uoiqae  movements  and 


Aluminum  in  the  MANUFAcruRB  of  Ship 
Plate  — Aluminum  is  developing  its  value  in 
another  field  of  usefulness — the  manufacture  of 
ship  plate.  A  plate  in  which  ten  per  oent  of 
it  is  used  possesses  great  strength,  will  take  a 
high  polish,  and  is  absolutely  proof  against  the 
corroding  action  of  sea-water  and  the  adherence 
of  barnacles,  sea  grass,  and  other  similar  mat- 
ter. Cun-barrela  made  of  this  alloy  will  not 
rust. 

A  New  Fashioning  Machine. — A  successful 
experiment  in  the  operation  ot  a  ponderous  14-ton 
machine,  built  to  fashion  steel  railroad  ties,  was 
made  at  Pittsburg  last  week.  The  machine  was 
set  in  motion  at  the  mills  of  Carnegie,  Phipps 
&  Co.,  and  from  a  three-quarters  of  an  inch 
steel  plate  finished  ties  were  turned  out  at  the 
rate  of  SO  per  hour. 

The  New  Form  of  Screw,  which  has  recent- 
ly been  brought  to  notice,  as  a  half  nail  and 
half  screw,  involves  in  its  nse  two  blows  of  the 
hammer  and  two  turns,  with  a  screw-driver 
Its  holding  power  in  white  pine  is  said  to  be 
332  pounds  against  29S  pounds,  the  holding 
power  of  a  screw  of  the  same  size  made  after 
the  usual  manner. 


The  Rotary  Snow  Plow,  introduced  upon 
the  railroad  this  winter,  works  admirably.  It 
goes  through  the  deepest  snow  which  has  fallen 
this  winter  without  any  trouble,  whatever, 
dashing  the  snow  throngh  the  hopper  150  feet 
away  from  the  track. 

A  Steel  Railroad  Tie,— Gen.  Lew  Wal- 
lice,  well  known  as  the  author  of  *'  Ban  Hu.r," 
has  Invented  a  railroad  cross-tie,  which,  some 
railroad  experts  think, may  be  of  more  pecuniary 
benefit  to  him  than  even  his  famous  work  of 
fiction. 

The  Future  Man-of  War,— The  Italian 
Admiral  Albini  thinks  that  the  future  man-of- 
war  will  huva  double  screws  and  a  helm  at  each 
end,  80  that  iu  battle  it  need  waste  no  time  in 
turning  around.    Its  sides  will  be  unarmored. 

The  New  Railroad  Law.— A  requirement 
in  the  proposed  railroad  law  calls  for  tlw  pay- 
ment of  mileage  on  all  cars  belonging  to  private 
companies  or  individuals — a  very  reasonable  re- 
quirement. 

Pig  Iron — It  will  be  news  to  many  that  thf 
ooiiSumpcion  of  pig  iron  in  this  country  1= 
pr  «ter  than  in  Great  Britain,  but  it  was  in 
18S6  and  1S$7,  and  ia  again  this  year. 


Sulplmr  in  RefiniLg  Sugar. 

A  good  deal  of  sulphur  is  used  in  the  manu- 
facture of  sugar,  and  in  no  country  in  the  world 
is  it  employed  to  a  greater  extent  than  in  Louis 
iana,  says  the  Orocert'  Criterion.  Sulphur  is 
applied  to  cane-jaice  in  the  form  of  gas,  and  it 
makes  the  prodnct^  both  of  engar  and  molasses, 
lighter  and  brighter  in  appearance,  planters 
claiming  that  it  enhances  the  value  from  three 
to  five  cents  on  molasses,  and  that  the  sugar 
haa  a  brighter  color  and  requires  less  washing 
to  produce  the  same  tone.  The  method  gen- 
erally adopted  is  to  burn  sulphur  in  a  small 
brick  oven.  The  fumes  of  the  sulphur  are  oar* 
ried  by  a  pipe  into  a  barrel  of  water,  and 
the  sulphurous  gas  coming  in  contact  with 
the  water  is  cleansed  from  sulphuric  add.  The 
fumes  thus  purified  pass  from  the  barrel  by 
means  of  a  pipe  into  the  sulphuring-ohamber 
which  is  constructed  of  wood  in  such  a  manner 
that  the  juice  is  constantly  coming  in  and  go- 
ing out,  and  an  arrangement  is  made  so  that 
the  juice  will  fall  in  the  form  of  rain  or  spray, 
the  eff;;ct  being  to  bleach  out  the  coloring  mat- 
ter contained  in  the  juice. 

Some  manufactureirs  claim  that  a  great  deal 
of  the  sugar  is  destroyed  by  coming  in  contact 
with  the  sulphuric  gas  which  contains  a  con- 
siderable quantity  of  sulphurous  acid,  and 
that  by  a  little  carelessness  in  apply- 
ing this  acid  to  the  cane-juice  thousands  of  dol- 
lars a  year  have  been  lost  in  the  larger  manu- 
factories. The  question  has  been  raised  and 
discussed  largely  by  scientists  and  pure-food 
men  as  to  whether  the  sulphur  affected  the 
sugar  so  as  to  make  it  irjurious  to  health,  some 
claiming  that  it  does  and  some  that  it  does  not. 
Where  so  many  doctors  disagree,  it  is  extreme- 
ly difiQcult  to  determine  whether  bleached 
sugar  is  harmful  or  not.  Tile  existence  of  snl 
phurous  acid  iu  molasses  ia  what  causes  it  so 
often  to  corrode  metal  vessels  of  various  kinds 
with  which  it  is  brought  in  contact.  It  may 
be  taken  for  granted  that  any  snbstance  that 
would  corrode  an  iron  pan  or  a  copper  kettle  is 
hardly  fit  for  human  consumption. 

Speed  of  Fishes, — The  speed  of  fishes  is  al- 
most an  unknown  quantity,  it  being,  as  Prof. 
Gr.  Browngoode  says,  very  difficult  to  measure. 
If,  says  the  professor,  you  could  get  a  fish  and 
put  it  in  a  trough  of  water  1000  feet  long  and 
start  it  at  one  end  and  make  it  swim  to  the 
other  without  stopping,  the  information  could 
be  easily  obtained;  but  fish  are  unintelligent 
and  will  not  do  this.  Estimates  of  the  speed 
of  fish  are  consequently  only  approximated, 
and  more  or  less  founded  upon  guessing.  One 
can  tell,  however,  at  a  glance  whether  a  fish  is 
built  for  speed  or  not.  A  fast  fish  looks  trim 
and  pointed  like  a  yacht.  Its  head  is  conical  in 
shape;  its  fins  fit  down  close  to  its  body,  like 
a  knife-blade  into  its  handle.  Fish  with  large 
heads,  bigger  than  their  bodies,  and  with  short, 
stubby  fins,  are  built  for  slow  motion.  The 
predatory  fishes,  those  that  live  on  prey,  are 
the  fastest  swimmers.  The  food  fishes  are,  as 
a  general  thing,  the  slowest,  and  consequently 
are  easily  captured.  Their  loss  is  recompensed, 
however,  by  the  natural  law  which  makes 
them  very  prolific  in  reproduction.  Djlphins 
have  been  known  to  swim  around  an  ocean 
steamer,  and  it  is  quite  safe  to  say  that  their 
speed  is  20  miles  an  hour;  but  it  may  be  twice 
as  much.  The  bonito  is  a  faat-awlmming  fish, 
but  JQst  what  its  speed  is,  is  not  known.  The 
head  of  the  goose  fi^h  is  very  large,  20  times  as 
big  as  its  body.  It  moves  about  very  little, 
and  swims  at  the  bottom  of  the  ocean.  The 
Spanish  mackerel  is  one  of  the  fastest  food 
fishes.  Its  body  is  oone-shaped,  and  is  as 
smooth  as  burnished  metal.  Its  speed  is  ae 
matchless  as  that  of  the  dolphin,  and  in  mo- 
tion, it  cuts  the  water  like  a  yacht. 


paper.  Now  comes  the  wonderful  part,  If 
the  image  of  the  photographic  tracing  ia  pro- 
jected by  means  of  an  electric  arc  or  oxhydro- 
ggn  light  upon  a  selenium  receiver,  the  original 
Bpeech  is  then  heard.  It  is  evident  that  there 
is  no  limit  to  the  development  of  this  peculiar 
combination  of  methods.  This  ia  very  im- 
portant, if  tvue,~Popular  Science  Monthly. 


A  Light  that  Brings  Out  All  the  Colors 
OF  A  Picture  Harmoniously.- Thomas  A. 
Edison's  latest  achievement  is  the  invention  of 
a  light  by  which  pictures  may  be  seen  at  night 
with  nearly  all  the  advantage  of  daylight. 
Electric  lights  have  heretofore  thrown  either 
too  brilliant  a  light  or  too  yellow  a  light. 
Edison  has  secured  a  perfect  light  for  pictures 
by  placing  at  the  back  of  the  bulbs  in 
his  system  of  lighting  a  lead  piece  covering 
half  of  the  bulb  and  fitting  it  closely.  Inside 
of  the  bulb  is  a  coating  of  silver.  The  yellow 
of  the  light  and  the  silver  reflection  make  a 
light  that  brings  out  all  the  colors  in  a  picture 
harmoniously.  It  was  first  ufed  in  the  illumi- 
nation of  the  Angelus  in  the  Birye  collection. 


Painting  in  Sand— A  Pretty  Novelty.— 
Parisians  have  been  entertained  by  a  remarka- 
ble artist  who  displays  wonderful  skill  in  her 
peculiar  form  of  painting.  With  plates  of  va« 
rious-oolored  sand  before  her,  she  takes  the 
aand  in  her  right  hand  and  causes  it  to  fall  in 
beautiful  designs  upon  a  table.  A  bunch  of 
grapes  is  pictured  with  violet  sand,  a  leaf  with 
green  sand,  the  stalk  with  brown  sand  and  re- 
lief and  shadows  by  other  sands,  when  the 
work  is  brushed  away,  and  a  bouquet  of  roses 
and  other  objects  are  represented  with  the 
same  dexterity  and  delicacy.  L'nea  are  drawn 
by  the  stream  of  sand  as  distinct  as  though 
made  with  an  artist's  brnsh. 


The  Pressure  Exerted  by  Seeds. — Mr. 
Grehant  has  recently  made  known  the  results 
of  some  experiments  undertaken  for  the  pur- 
pose of  comparing  the  pressures  exerted  by 
seeds  placed  in  a  closed  vessel  in  a  current  of 
water.  The  apparatus  used  consisted  of  a 
small  Papin  digester  of  oast  iron,  having  a 
capacity  of  48  cubic  inches,  and  provided  with 
a  tight-fitting  cover  held  in  place  with  sorews 
and  nuta.  The  vessel  was  filled  with  seeds  up 
to  the  middle,  then  there  was  introduced  in 
the  center  a  rubber  bag  one  inch  in  diameter 
filled  with  mercury,  into  which  entered  a  glass 
tube  at  the  top.  This  tube,  which  passed 
through  the  cover,  served  as  a  compressed  air 
gauge,  while  a  brass  tube  extending  to  the  bot- 
tom also  traversed  the  cover  and  served  to  in- 
troduce the  water  that  had  to  be  removed. 
Finally  the  vessel  was  filled  with  seeds  and 
c'osed.  With  lupin  seeds,  Mr.  Grehant  found 
that  the  pressure  rose  to  15  atmospheres. 
Upon  opening  the  apparatus  he  found  the  seeds 
very  strongly  compressed  against  each  other, 
there  beiog  not  the  least  interval  between  the 
flattened  surfaces.  When  lentils  were  placed 
nnder  the  same  conditions,  the  pressure  did 
not  exceed  eight  atmospheres. 

The  Phonograph's  Rival  — M.  Leon  Es- 
quine,  a  Mexican,  it  is  stated,  has  perfected  a 
marvelous  invention  in  electricity  and  photo- 
graphy. By  speaking  in  a  photophone  trans- 
nnibter,  which  consists  of  a  highly  polished 
fiaphragm  r>fl  oting  a  ray  of  light,  this  ray  of 
light  is  set  into  vibrations  and  a  photograph  is 
made  of  it  on  a  traveling  band  of  eensitized 


A  New  White  Pitch  for  Shipbuilders  has 
been  introduced,  which,  it  is  said,  supersedes 
the  present  laborious,  expensive  and  InefSoient 
nietbod  of  forming  white  deck  seams  by  work- 
ing putty  into  the  seams  with  a  knife.  The 
peculiarity  of  the  white  pitch  is  that  it  is  the 
only  material  hitherto  introduced  of  a 
white  color  that  can  be  run  into  deck 
Reams  in  a  hot  state  like  ordinary  pitch. 
The  material  is  especially  suitable  for  hot 
climates,  as  it  will  stand  a  snn  heat  whioh 
would  cause  ordinary  pitch  to  melt  out  of 
the  seams. 

The  Lotus  as  a  Tank-Purifier.— /ndTian 
Engineering  states  that  a  large  basket  of  the 
roots  of  the  lotu-i  has  been  received  by  the 
munloipality  of  Bangalore  from  Tanjore,  and 
is  now  being  planted  ont  in  the  beds  of  the 
tanks  in  the  station.  This  squatio  plant  is  one 
of  the  best  water-purifiers  known.  It  rapidly 
oxygenerates  the  water,  and  ridding  it  of  its 
dead  organic  matter,  brings  it  into  a  healthy 
condition.  The  presence  of  such  like  aquatic 
plants  in  reaetvoirs  is  said  to  diminish  evapora- 
tion. 

Science  Primers.— The  American  Society  of 
Naturalists,  at  their  reoent  meeting  in  New 
York,  appointed  a  committee  to  prepare  a  plan 
for  the  publication  of  a  series  of  science  primers. 
A  resolution  was  also  adopted  recommending 
to  oclleges  the  addition  of  natural  science  as  a 
requirement  for  admission,  and  asking  the  col- 
leges to  make  a  change,  even  if  it  necessitated 
a  reduction  in  the  amount  of  classical  knowledge 
required. 

Preservation  of  Milk  by  Electricity. — 
M.  Maisonhante,  says  the  Bulletin  International 
de  VElectricite,  having  noticed  that  the  passage 
of  a  current  of  electricity  through  milk  re- 
tarded the  formation  of  cream,  made  a  series  of 
experiments  to  see  whether  milk  could  be  kept 
fresh  In  this  manner.  The  result  of  these  ex- 
periments is  a  patent  for  the  preservation  of 
mitk  by  means  of  either  statio  or  current  eleo- 
trioity. 

Dry  Oxygen.— The  acientifio  world  seems  to 
be  very  much  surprised  at  the  late  discovery  of 
Mr.  Bcereton  Biker  of  Dulwich  College,  about 
oxygen.  That  gas,  which  is  known  as  the 
great  agent  of  combustion,  losen  its  character 
when  dried.  It  becomes  inert.  ■  Even  charcoal 
will  not  burn  in  it  when  heated  to  redness, 
nor  phosphorus  become  luminous.  As  yet 
there  is  no  explanation. 


Aluminum  Casting, — A  gentleman  in  Phil- 
adelphia has  been  making  some  very  successful 
experiments  in  casting  aluminum.  He  has  as- 
certained that  it  is  possible  to  obtain  exceed- 
ingly good  results  by  the  use  of  brass  op  iron 
molds,  faced  with  plumbago. 


Nitrogen  and  Plant  Color.— A  French 
chemiet  believes  himself  able  to  tell  whether 
soil  is  deficient  in  phosphorus,  potash  or  nitro- 
gen by  the  shade  of  green  of  the  vegetation. 
The  leaves  become  yellowish  when  nitrogen  is 
lacking. 

Frozen  Sixty  Feet  Deep.— Siberia  Is  said 
to  have  a  spot  of  ground  about  30  miles  square 
that  has  not  thawed  out  for  a  hundred  years, 
and  is  frczsn  to  a  depth  of  60  feet. 


Cocoa  Butter.— German  chemists  have  dis- 
covered in  the  iiiocoanut  a  fatty  substitute  for 
butter,  and  this  new  product  has  begun  to  be 
manufactured  on  a  large  eoale, 


Jan,  18,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  i^ress. 


43 


Good  Hej^lth, 


"  La  Grippe. ' 

The  Bassisa  ioflaenzA,  '*U  grippe,"  or  by 
whatever  name  it  may  be  koowu,  la  nothing 
new.  Indeed,  it  i«  vpry  ancient,  for  it  dates 
back  ai  far  as  1510.  Dr.  John  R.  Hamilton  of 
New  York,  a  welNknown  and  accepted  anthor* 
ity  on  all  matters  pnrtaining  to  the  laws  of 
health,  and  on  the  subject  of  "  la  grippe,"  says 
the  disease  has  made  periodical  visitations  dar* 
ing  the  last  few  hundred  years.  It  spares  no 
part  of  the  world  in  its  pilgrimages. 

The  earliest  recorded  epiiemiu  of  iDfluenza  is 
that  of  1510.  There  were  20  visitations  of  the 
disease,  which  is  aleo  known  as  epidemio  ca- 
tarrh, between  1510  and  1S37.  The  disease  does 
not  oontiae  itself  to  men,  but  freqaently  affects 
the  lower  animals. 

A  complete  history  of  the  dieeasf*  was  pab- 
lished  nnder  medioal  authority  in  Kogland  in 
1852.  AmoDg  the  articles  in  that  work  was 
one  by  Df.  John  Warren  of  Boston,  written  in 
1790,  from  which  it  appears  that  icflueczi, 
then  well  known  in  Europe,  Invaded  the  whole 
of  the  United  States  in  the  course  of  the 
autumn  of  17S9. 

What  It  Is. 

Dr.  Albert  Robin  of  the  Paris  Academie  de 
Medioine  eays:     "This   disease    is    known   as 

*  influenza,*  or  more  commonly  in   French,  as 

*  la  K"PP^''  Uoqaestionably  the  epidemic 
will  continoe  to  spread — how  far  it  is  impoeei- 
ble  to  say — but  there  is  no  occasion  for  serious 
alarm.  An  ordinary  case  of  influenza  has  noth> 
ing  more  to  be  dreaded  than  a  severe  cold  of  a 
week's  duration, 

IC8  Symptoms  Are  Unmistakable. 

"  Headaohe,  pains  in  the  eyes,  soreness  all  over 
the  body,  as  if  one  had  been  beaten,  loss  of  ap- 
petite, a  feverish  condition,  and  a  general  sense 
of  laesitude  and  discomfort.  These  general 
symptoms  are  apt  to  be  followed  by  various  lo- 
cal troubles,  such  as  a  bronchial  attack,  a  cold 
in  the  head,  sore  throat,  diarrhea,  and  some- 
times by  pleurisy  or  pneumonia, 

**  The  only  real  danger  is  presented  in  the 
last  two  oases,  which  oan  usually  be  guarded 
against  by  proper  care.  From  three  to  eight 
days  is  the  average  duration  of  the  disease 
proper,  but  its  effects  upon  the  system  are  com- 
paratively severe  so  that  several  weeks  more  are 
often  needed  for  a  full  convalescence."  Persons 
who  may  be  seriously  ill  only  a  week  will  often 
require  from  three  weeks  to  a  month  to  at- 
tain once  more  their  normal  condition. 

Remiedles  PropoBed. 

The  New  York  Sun  proposes  the  following 
remedies,  presumably  after  competent  medioal 
advice: 

Oa  the  first  appearance  of  the  characteristic 
symptoms  a  full  dose  of  quinine  should  be 
taken.  In  an  adult,  without  any  consti- 
tntional  peculiarity  unfavorable  to  the  ac- 
tion of  quinine,  the  first  dose  should  be  20 
grains.  After  this,  ten  grains  may  be  taken 
three  times  a  day,  unless  there  should  be  in- 
tense ringing  in  the  ears,  with  some  impairment 
of  hearing.  An  attempt  should  also  be  made  to 
destroy  the  microbe  by  local  applications, 

A  gargle  of  one  drachm  of  bora?:,  one  drachm 
of  saDoylio  aoid,  one  fiaid  ounce  of  glycerine 
and  seven  onncea  of  rose-water  should  be  used 
three  or  foar  times  in  the  day.  At  night,  ten 
grains  of  Dover's  powder,  with  hot  drinks  and 
abundant  bedclothing  to  promote  perspiration, 
would  be  useful. 

Those  who  prefer  simpler  means  of  treatment 
will  find  the  adoption  of  a  diet  of  fruit, 
farinaceous  foods  and  cereals  of  great  value. 
Lemons  should  be  used  freely,  and  the  nasal 
passages  cleansed  often  with  common  salt  and 
water.  Inhalations  of  carbolic  acid  and  iodine 
will  aid  in  destroying  the  germs.  In  most 
oaoes  the  latter  treatment  will  probably  be 
euffioient,  and  a  resolute  exercise  of  the  will- 
power .will  not  come  amiss  in  preventing  the 
disease  from  acquiring  the  mastery. 

Nothing  to  Do  With  the  Cholera. 

Dr.  Robin,  above  quoted,  says;  "The  the- 
ory has  been  advanced  that  iDfiueciza  is  the 
forerunner  of  cholera,  bat  I  regard  that  as  pure 
nonsense.  It  is  true  that'  several  times  in  the 
present  oentury  an  influenza  epidemic  has  been 
closely  followed  by  a  visitation  of  cholera.  It 
is  also  true  that  several  times  in  the  same 
oentury  there  has  been  an  epidemic  of  infla- 
enza  with  no  cholera  following,  juat  as  there 
have  been  epidemics  of  cholera  with  no  influ- 
enza preceding.  The  fact  is  that  the  two  dis- 
eases are  ao  utterly  dissimilar  as  to  make  any 
aucb  sequence  all  but  impossible,  and  any  occa- 
sional instanoea  of  their  simultaneous  appear- 
ance mnat  be  regarded  as  a  mere  coincidence 
with  no  deeper  aignificance."  It  is  supposed  to 
originate  from  a  microbe.  The  microbe  of  con- 
Bumption,  cholera  and  even  of  whooping  cough 
has  been  discovered,  and  the  Paris  aavanta  are 
already  working  to  discover  the  infiuenza 
microbe. 

One  Can  Catch  It  In  the  Air. 

By  mere  breathing,  the  microbes  can  be  taken 
into  the  aystem,  ao  that  when  it  start?  it  soon 
has  the  whole  population  of  a  city  aniffllng  and 
aneeztng.  Nearly  all  the  civilized  world,  jast 
at  this  time,  is  sneezing  as  they  never,  coUect- 
iTely»  sneezed  before. 

Iznaelnatlon  Has  Much  to  Do  With  the 
Disease. 

The  imagination,  in  this  as  in  many  other 
epidemlos,   ia  apt  to    aggravate  the   disease. 


Don't  be  afraid  of  it;  but  when  you  are  at- 
tacked, jubt  give  way  to  It  and  put  yourself  nn- 
der the  care  of  a  good  phytioian  and  you  will 
soon  be  all  right.  The  sensational  reports 
given  in  the  da'ly  papers  do  much  injury  in 
this  direction.  A  prominent  phyoician  of  Wash- 
ington says:  "  I  think  that  in  99  cases  out  of 
100  there  ia  nothing  else  the  matter  with  the 
people  who  think  they  have  the  epidemio  than 
a  very  natural  and  ordinary  cold  in  the  head. 
There  is  nothing  unusual  about  auch  colds  at 
this  time  of  the  year.  In  fact,  I  do  not  know 
that  I  ever  saw  a  year  go  by  when  two-thirds 
of  my  friends  did  not,  at  this  season,  suffer 
from  such  a  cold.  But  the  moment  the  news- 
papers call  attention  to  the  fact  that  there  ia  a 
new  disease  prevalent  in  some  oorner  of  the  world 
every  man  who  has  the  anotlha  begins  to  be- 
lieve that  he  has  the  symptoms  of  the  epidemio. 
Of  course,  there  ia  undoubtedly  some  truth  in 
the  existence  of  this  peculiar  disease.  The  re- 
ports from  the  other  half  of  the  world  prove 
that;  but  what  I  contend  is  that  in  a  vast  ma- 
jority of  oases  there  ia  nothing  extraordinary 
the  matter,  but  that  the  sufferers  imagine  that 
their  cases  correspond  exactly  with  the  genuine 
cases  of  la  grippe.  It  all  comes  from  the  atten- 
tion which  ia  called  to  the  epidemic  in  the 
newspapers.  I  would  venture  to  sav  that 
where  there  is  one  genuine  case  of  influenza, 
there  are  99  imitationa." 


E'LECTPjeiTY, 


The  Continuous  vs.'  Alternating 
Currents, 

The  prinoipala  in  the  incandescent-lighting 
field  have  both  had  their  aay  in  the  North 
American  Review,  Mr.  Westinghouee  having 
answered  Edison  in  the  current  number.  Edi- 
son's argument  appears  to  be  dictated  by  aelf- 
intereat,  and  its  motive  ia  stated  in  his  own 
words:  "  My  personal  desire  would  be  to  pro- 
hibit entirely  the  oae  of  alternating  currents." 
Westinghonse  contends  that  the  alternating 
current  system,  which  is  that  upon  which  the 
incandeecent  lamps  in  moat  oitiea  are  run,  is  the 
safest,  because  the  converter,  which  is  placed 
on  the  premises  of  every  consumer,  Is  an  im- 
passable barrier  through  which  none  of  the 
high-tension  street  currents  can  pass,  and 
which  absolutely  protects  the  consumer  agiinst 
injury  or  tire.  The  only  danger  which  can  re- 
sult from  the  use  of  the  alternating-current 
system  is  from  the  wires  in  the  streets  carry- 
ing the  high-tension  ourrenta,  and  this  danger 
Mr,  Westinghouae  believes  oan  be  entirely  re- 
moved by  placing  the  wires  nnder  ground. 
Mr,  Westinghonse  expresaes  himself  aa  being 
a  firm  believer  in  the  underground  system.  He 
contends  that  the  experience  of  Chicago  and 
Philadelphia  in  the  use  of  underground  cables 
for  high-tenaion  carrenta,  to  say  nothing  of  the 
large  number  of  cables  laid  underground  in 
Rome,  Berlin,  Milan  and  in  other  cities,  in- 
dicates that  the  auccesa  of  properly  constructed 
underground  systems,  whether  for  currents  of 
high  or  low  tenaion,  has  been  established  be- 
yond question. 

Whatever  may  be  the  result  of  this  contro- 
versy, it  is  becoming  more  and  more  evident 
that  something  will  have  to  be  done  regarding 
wires  carrying  electricity  at  high  tenaion. 
Whether  it  is  practical  or  not  to  obtain  a 
proper  insulation  of  the  wires  underground, 
their  presence  overhead,  as  now  prepared  and 
maintained,  is  clearly  a  source  of  too  great 
danger  to  life  to  allow  of  their  permanent  con- 
tinuance. But  instead  of  such  violent  action 
aa  has  been  taken  in  New  York  for  their  abate- 
ment, would  it  not  be  muoh  wiser  to  look 
around  for  some  improved  and  more  safe 
method  of  placement  for  the  wires  ?  The  rapid 
improvements  that  are  being  made  in  handling 
the  electric  current,  and  the  great  demand  for 
its  use,  would  seem  to  point  to  some  auch  con- 
servative policy. 

The  telegraph  has  just,  at  this  present  writ- 
ing, announced  that  a  method  of  personal  in- 
sulation baa  been  devised  in  Erie,  Penn.,  by 
which  a  person  with  a  moist  band,  and  stand- 
ing upon  moiat  ground,  can  safely  grasp  an 
uniuBulated  wire  in  his  naked  hand,  through 
which  ia  paaaing  a  current  of  over  500  volts. 
If  such  a  thing  ia  possible,  we  ought  certainly 
to  look  confidently  for  aome  device  by  which 
that  current  oan  be  aafely  carried  from  point  to 
point,  either  above  or  under  grouncT.  In  the 
present  earnest  need  for  a  way,  surely  aome 
genius  will  soon  give  to  the  world  a  method  by 
which  electricity  for  light  may  be  diatributed 
aa  safely  as  gaa. 


Electric  Micrometer. — Practical  electricity 
says  that  a  machine  has  recently  been  invented 
by  Mr.  Bun  of  Chicago,  111.,  which  is  of  prac 
tical  value  to  shoe  manufacturers.  The  ma- 
chine is  an  electric  micrometer  which  oan  aort 
pieces  of  leather  according  to  thickness  and 
distribute  them  in  separate  receptacles.  It 
aeparates  taps  which  vary  in  thickneaa  aa  little 
as  oae-thouBandbh  of  an  inch.  It  baa  a  ca- 
pacity of  5000  taps  per  hour.  Baaides  sorting 
the  pieces  of  leather,  the  machine  automatic- 
ally records  the  number  placed  in  each  re- 
ceptacle. When  the  machine  ia  in  operation, 
all  that  is  required  of  the  attendant  ia  to  put 
the  taps  in  a  trough-like  box.  A  follower  is 
then  adjusted  behind  the  taps  which  keeps 
them  in  an  upright  position  and  maintains  a 
constant  pressure  as  they  are  fed  from  the 
trough  into  two  abutting  fingers.    The  taps  are 


in  return  fed  from  the  trough  into  micrometer 
Gogere,  which  pass  successively  into  position. 
The  fingers,  which  are  fed  around  by  a  ratchet 
movement,  pause  a  short  time  over  the  re- 
ceptacles for  taps.  When  a  micrometer  finger 
reaches  one  of  these  bins  in  which  the  tap  that 
it  bold*  should  be  dropped,  the  tuner  extension 
of  the  finger  touches  an  electric  contaot,  and 
the  tap  will  fall  from  the  jaws.  The  operation 
of  the  finger  is  made  to  actuate  a  counter  which 
indioitea  the  number  of  taps  in  every  receptacle. 
The  appiratuB  is  furniehed  with  current  by  a 
small  dynamo  especially  constructed  for  the 
purpose.  The  machine  is  simple  and  accurate, 
and  is  not  liable  to  get  out  of  order.  The 
whole  appliance  ia  the  invention  of  Mr.  Biin  of 
Chicago. 

A  Point  of  Scpbriokity  of  the  Electric 
Car. — An  accident  in  New  York  a  few  days 
ago  when  a  cable  car  became  unmanageable 
through  the  failure  of  a  brake,  brings  to  the 
front  again  one  of  the  chief  points  of  superiority 
of  the  electric  car,  namely,  the  possibility  of 
an  almoat  instant  reversal.  If  the  brake  of  an 
electric  car  fails,  the  current  can  be  reversed 
and  the  car  brought  to  a  standstill  or  even 
started  in  an  opposite  direction,  quicker  than 
by  any  other  method  used  on  street  railways, 
and  this  is  ucqueationably  one  of  the  strongest 
reasons  why  tne  electrio  oar  ia  best  suited  to 
run  at  a  high  rate  of  speed  in  ordinary  city  or 
Buburban  streeta. — BoBton  Journal  of  Com' 
meree. 

An  Electrical  Tooth  Extractor. — An  elec- 
trical icatrument  has  been  invented  which  ia 
designed  to  remove  the  pain  incidental  to  the 
extraction  of  teeth.  It  oonaiata  of  adjustable 
prongs  carrying  buttona  and  oonneoted  with  an 
electrical  battery.  The  buttona  are  plaoed  on 
the  face  over  the  nerves  leading  from  the  teeth 
to  the  brain,  aud  a  circuit  ia  eatabliahed  the 
moment  the  extracting  instrument  touchea  the 
tooth  to  be  removed. 


Progress  OF  Electric  Welding, — It  ia  re- 
ported that  the  Tbomson  Electric  Welding  Co. 
will  erect  a  factory  at  East  Chattanooga,  Tenn., 
at  a  coat  of  $1,000,000. 


iiNCBI^^EEF^ING  I^OTES. 


A  Canal  Across  Italy. — Signer  Vittorino 
Bocoa,  the  eminent  Italian  engineer,  proposes 
to  join  the  Tyrrhenian  sea  with  the  Adriatic 
by  a  ship  canal,  which  orossiug  the  peninsula 
from  Montalto  di  Castro,  provmee  of  Kome,  in 
a  northeasterly  direction,  would  reach  the  east 
coast  of  Fano.  The  canal  ia  to  have  a  length  of 
124  miles,  to  be  263  feet  wide,  and  to  have  a 
depth  of  40  feet.  At  each  end  of  the  canal  a 
port  is  to  be  constructed,  having  an  area  of 
129  acres,  and  four  entrances  each  of  74  acres. 
The  coat  of  construction  is  estimated  at  £25,- 
000,000.  Thia  ia  a  highly  important  work  in 
more  senses  than  one.  It  is  to  be  made  a  na- 
tional enterprise.  The  oanal,  with  ita  great 
width  and  depth,  would  be  navigable  for  the 
largest  ironolada.  It  is  also  urged  that  the  in- 
ternal trade  of  Italy  would  gain  greatly  by  the 
canal,  and  that  tbe  provinces  of  Rome,  Grosetto, 
Siena,  Arezzo,  Perugia,  Pesaaro  and  Ancona 
would  obtainthroughit  direct  water  communica- 
tion. The  drainage  and  improvement  of  the 
marshy  districta  through  which  the  oanal  would 
pass  would  be  facilitated,  and  it  is  further  stated 
that  by  the  reclamation  of  the  lakes  of  Bolsena, 
Chiuei  aud  Montepulcinno,  and  the  Trasime- 
nian  Lake,  an  area  of  170  rquare  miles  would 
be  rendered  tit  for  cultivation.  The  coat  of 
oonatruoting  the  oanal  is  estimated  at  $125,000,- 

oob.  

To  BE  Given  a  Practical  Trial.— A  practi- 
cal trial  is  about  to  be  given  to  the  pfoject  for 
a  railway  for  h<^avy  ships.  Tnere  is  a  narrow 
neck  of  land,  17  miles  wide,  called  Chignecto 
IsthmuB,  which  connects  the  two  provinces  of 
Nova  Scotia  and  New  Brunswick.  It  baa  long 
been  considered  a  matter  of  great  commercial 
importance  that  either  a  ahip  canal  or  a  ship 
railway  ahoutd  be  construoted  across  this  isth 
mus.  Such  a  work  would  save  a  voyage  of  500 
miles  through  rough  and  stormy  watera  to  the 
large  and  growing  commerce  which  ia  carried 
on  between  the  St.  Lawrence  river  and  porta 
on  the  Atlantic  coast,  A  ship  railway  waa 
decided  upon  some  time  ago,  and  work  on  the 
sanrie  has  been  commenced  and  will  be  com- 
pleted in  about  twelve  months  from  this  time. 
The  rails  for  this  track  will  be  of  steel  and  tbe 
heaviest  ever  made — 110  pounds  to  the  yard. 
There  will  be  a  double  track,  upon  which  a 
cradle  will  rest  for  holding  the  ship  daring  its 
transfer.  Two  locomotives  of  mammoth  con- 
struction will  be  employed  in  drawing  theoradle 
with  ita  burden  across  tbe  isthmus.  The 
veesela  to  be  transported  will  be  hoisted  by 
hydraulic  power  from  the  basin  into  the  cradle. 
The  time  of  passage  will  occupy  only  two  and 
one-half  hours. 


The  Proposed  English  Channel  Bridge, — 
The  French  Government  seems  to  be  in  earnest 
in  regard  to  thia  acheme.  The  Government 
baa  appointed  a  committee  to  examine  the 
plana  which  have  been  proposed  by  the  pro- 
jectors.        ^ 

Over  2C00  feet  of  the  Hudson  river  tunnel 
have  already  been  excavated, 

Eiffel  Tower  shares  are  quoted  on  the  Paris 
bourse  at  160,  100  being  par. 


Useful  Inforjviatio,\. 

WiiKKE  Do  Whales  Go  in  Winter?— A 
myetery  of  the  Arotic  rcgiooa  m.y  be  cleared 
up  next  year,  if  the  season  is  open.  Thia  mys- 
tery is:  Where  do  the  whales  go  whrn  ioe  be- 
gins to  set  in  along  the  Alaskan  Coast  ?  Whale, 
men  know  thoy  go  eastward,  and  it  is  sup- 
posed they  congregate  about  the  mouth  of  the 
great  Mackenzie  river,  but  this  and  the  region 
to  the  northeast  of  the  river's  month  are  prac- 
tically unknown  territory.  The  Paoi6o  Steam 
Whaling  Co.  of  San  Francisco  has  juat  par- 
chased  a  strong  steamer,  which  will  be  sent  to 
the  Arctic  next  spring  with  orders  to  push 
through  to  the  mouth  of  the  Mackenzie.  Tne 
reason  for  this  is  that  whalebone  is  rising  la 
price,  and  this  season's  catch  showed  that  the 
whales  are  rapidly  decreasing  in  their  usual 
feeding  grounds. — Ex. 

Filaments  for    Incandescent  Lajips. It 

may  not  be  generally  known  that  the  fine  fila- 
ments over  which  the  electric  current  runs  in 
an  inoandescent  lamp,  are,  in  many  oases,  made 
of  split  bamboo.  The  preparation  of  these  lil- 
annents  is  quite  an  art  in  itself.  Each  opera- 
tive is  given  a  small  bundle  of  bamboo  splints 
of  leaa  than  1-16  inch  cross-section,  and  these 
are  drawn  through  a  series  of  fine  holes  until 
shaven  down  to  the  required  size.  The- bam- 
boo is  then  quite  pliable  and  easily  bent  into 
the  peculiar  twisted  form,  as  seen  in  the  lamp. 
In  this  condition  it  is  carbonized  and  is  then 
ready  for  the  lamp  and  electric  current.  Dif- 
ferent oompanies  use  different  methods.  The 
Thomson-Houston  use  the  bamboo  filament; 
the  Westioghouse,  a  prepared  substance  cov- 
ered with  lampblack. 

Paint  from  Potatoes,— Paint  from  potatoea 
is  a  new  wrinkle  in  the  arts  and  sciences. 
Kuhlow's  Trade  Review  gives  the  manner  of 
preparation.  Boil  a  kilo  of  peeled  potatoes  in 
water;  after  maehing,  dilute  with  water  and 
pass  through  a  fine  sieve.  Add  two  kilos  of 
Spaniah  white  diluted  with  four  kilos  of  water, 
and  the  result  will  be  a  color  of  b«autiful  milk 
white.  Different  colors  can  be  effected  by  the 
addition  of  different  oohers  or  minerals.  Ap- 
ply with  a  brush;  it  adherea  to  plaster  and 
wood  very  well,  will  not  peel,  and  best  of  all 
ia  cheap. 

To  Wash  Plush  Cloaks,— First  bang  your 
oloak  on  the  line  and  get  all  the  dust  ont  of  it 
with  a  switch.  Then  spread  it  on  the  back  of 
a  chair  and  sponge  every  inch  of  it  with  warm 
rain-water  and  a  little  ammonia.  Take  a  dry 
sponge  and  rub  the  oloak  until  it  is  almost  dry. 
Rub  both  ways,  back  and  forth,  until  the  nap 
is  thoroughly  raised.  Lastly,  hang  the  cloak 
in  the  sun  until  it  is  perfectly  dry  and  brush 
it  with  a  soft  brush. 


How  to  Wash  White  Silk  Hakdkeeohiefs. 
Never  allow  silk  handkerchiefs  to  become  too 
dirty.  Wash  them  in  a  warm  lather  made 
with  pure  white  curd  soap.  Thia  water  should 
be  blued,  also  the  rinsing-water.  Roll  up 
tightly  in  a  cloth,  and  iron  the  handkerchiefs 
between  linen.  The  iron  must  not  touch  the 
silk,  otherwise  it  will  turn  yellow.  Thia 
method  has  been  found  the  best  for  keeping  silk 
handkerchiefs  white. 


Colonel  Feed  Ckooker  and  his  railway  as- 
sociates are  pleased  with  the  results  of  the  land 
sales  from  their  grants  last  year.  For  that 
period  there  were  sold  198,477.63  acres  for  a 
total  price  of  $748  456.42.  Of  these  figures  the 
land  grant  of  the  Central  Paotfio  road  must  be 
credited  with  sales  aggregating  153,000  acres 
for  $548,954.81  and  the  land  grant  of  the  South- 
ern Pacific  road  with  45,477.63  acres  for  $199,- 
501,61. 

Egyptian  Mummies. — It  has  been  estimated 
that  more  than  400,000,000  human  mummies 
were  made  in  E^ypt  from  the  beginning  of  the 
art  of  embalming  until  its  discontiunanoe  in 
the  seventh  oentury.  Herodotus  and  Diodorus 
agree  in  the  statement  that  there  were  three 
grades  of  embalming.  The  first  cost  in  our 
money,  about  $1225,  the  second  about  $375,  and 
the  third  waa  very  cheap. 


A  Novel  Fkeak  of  Nature,— At  Plant  City, 
Fla.,  there  has  been  found  what  aeems  to  be  a 
half  orange  with  a  smooth  skin,  and  a  half 
lemon  with  a  rough  skin,  the  latter  being  a  lit- 
tle larger,  growing  together  as  one  fruit, 

A  Woolen  Cloth  is  much  better  than  a 
brnsh  to  polish  the  kitchen  stove,  as  it  makes 
but  very  little  dnst  and  gives  a  softer  gloss  to 
the  iron.  A  person  with  weak  lungs  should 
never  use  a  brush  for  this  work. 

Cioabs. — It  ia  estimated  that  4,000,000,000 
cigars  are  consumed  in  this  country  annually. 
Sixty-aix  to  every  man,  woman  and  child  in 
the  country^ 

Milk,  If  put  in  an  earthen  jar,  or  even  the 
oan,  will  keep  sweet  for  a  long  time  if  the 
receptacle  is  well  wrapped  in  a  wet  cloth. 

The  Wings  of  turkeys,  geese  and  chickens 
are  good  to  wash  and  clean  windows,  as  they 
leave  no  dust  or  lint,  aa  cloth. 

Alaska  coat  the  United  States  Government 
two  cents  an  aore. 


44 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Jan.  18,  1890 


A.  T.  DEWEY.  W.  B.  EWEB. 

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Saturday,  January    i8,    1890. 


TABLE  OF  CONTENTS. 


ILLUSTRATIONS.— Scott  &  O'Neill  Variable  Cut- 
Oflf  Engine— lOO-Horse  Power;  tfcott  &  O'Neill  Patent 
Compound  Eneioe  at  the  Union  Iron  Works,  37.  Im- 
provident Methods  of  Cutting  Timber,  as  Instanced  in 
the  Memorial  uf  the  State  Poird  of  Forestry,  45. 

BUl'lOislALitJ.— Compound  Engines,  37-  Passing 
Events;  The  Harvard  Observatory;  South  African  Gold; 
The  Electric-Motor  Plant;  The  Bowers  Dredge;  Com- 
Btock  Superintendents'  Salaries;  in  the  Mouncains;  W. 
T-  Garratt,  44.  Shocking  Waste  of  Timber;  Natural 
Gas,  45. 

COHHjijSPONDBNOE.  — Californians  in  Holland 
and  Belgium;  Suggestions  for  Controlling  Our  Kivers, 
38.  Liberty  Mining  District,  Siskiyou  Co.;  Mining 
Accidents  Prevented,  39. 

MISCELLANBOTJo.— A  Mine  Mystery;  An  Electric 
Meter;  Trusts  Declared  Unlawful;  Arizona  Minerals; 
itailway  Construction  in  1SS9,  39.  Notices  of  Recent 
Patents;  The  Ma^netitm  of  Some  Metals  and  Minerals; 
MiniDg  Bureau  Museum,  47. 

MINING  SDMMAK3C— From  the  various  counties 
of  California,  Nevada,  Arizona,  Colorado,  Idaho,  Mon- 
tana, New  Mexico,  Oregon,  Utah,  WyomiDg.40-41. 

MECHANICAL  PROGRESS.— The  Foundry;  A 
Pneumatic  Tire  for  Bicycles;  A  Machine  Uucb  heeded 
in  Mill  Work;  Cut  vs.  Cast  Gears;  The  CompouHd  En- 
gine; The  Manufacture  of  Spikes;  Largest  Locomotive 
Ever  Btiilt;  Aluminum  in  the  Manufacture  of  Ship 
Plate:  a  New  Fashioning  Machine;  Miscellaneous,  42. 

SOIBNTIFIC  PROGRESS. —Sulphur  in  Kefia- 
iug  Sugar;  Speed  of  Fiehes;  The  Pressure  Exerted  by 
Seeds;  Xha  Phonograph's  Kival;  A  Light  That  Brings 
Out  All  the  Colors  of  a  Picture  Harmoniously;  Painting 
in  Sand — A  Pretty  Novelty;  The  Lotus  as  a  Tank  Puri- 
fier; Science  Primers;  Preservation  of  Milk  hi' Electric- 
ity; Dry  Oxycen;  Aluminum  Casting;  Nittogen  and 
Plant  uolor;  Frozen  Sixty  Feet  Deep;  Cocoa  Butter; 
Miscellaneous,  42. 

GOOD  HEALTxi.— "La  Grippe,"  43 

BLiECTRI CITY.— The  Continuous  vs.  Alternating 
Currents;  Electric  Micrometer;  A  Point  of  Superiority 
of  the  Electric  Cai;  An  Electrical  Tooth  Extractor; 
Progress  of  Electric  Welding,  43- 

ENGINEERING  NOTES, -A  Canal  Acrosn  Italy; 
To  be  Given  a  Practical  Trial;  The  Proposed  English 
Channel  Bridge;  Miscellaneous,  43- 

U3EFOL  INKORMATION.-Where  Do  Whales 
Go  in  Winter;  Filaments  for  Incandescent  Lamps;  Paint 
From  Potatoes;  To  Wash  Plush  Cloaks;  How  to  Wash 
White  Silk  Handkerchiefs;  Egyptian  Mummies;  A 
Novel  Freak  of  Nature;  Cigars;  Uiscellaneous,  43. 

MINING  STOCK  MARKET.— Sales  at  tim  San 
Francisco  Stock  Board,  Notices  of  Meetings.  Assess- 
ments, Dividends,  and  Bullion  Shipments,  50. 


Passing  Events. 

The  stormy  weather  faaa  contiDaed,  and  in 
the  mountains  has  blocked  up  roada  and  done 
more  or  leas  damage.  A  great  deal  more  water 
has  to  be  handled  in  the  mines  than  nsnal,  and 
work  at  some  of  the  mills  has  stopped  owing  to 
the  oold  weather. 

The  inflaenza^  or  grippe^  which  has  been  pre- 
vailinK  abroad  and  In  the  E^ist  In  epidemic 
form,  has  made  its  appearance  here,  but  it  ap- 
pears to  be  of  a  much  milder  nature  than  has 
been  the  case  elsewhere. 

People  in  the  mountains  report  a  heavier 
Bnowfall  than  for  many  years.  There  will  be 
an  abundance  of  water  in  the  spring — probably 
too  mach — and  the  owners  of  gravel  mines  re- 
gret that  they  will  be  unable  to  utilize  it. 

The  electric  plant  of  the  Nevada  mlll^  on  the 
Comstook,  has  received  its  final  teat  and  has 
been  accepted.  This  sncoessful  application  of 
the  use  of  electric-power  to  quartz-milling  pur- 
poses will  doubtless  lead  other  mining  companies 
to  investigate  the  system. 


Last  year  Alex  Parker  sold  a  gravel  claim 
on  the  South  fork  of  Scott  river  to  a  Ohinese 
company,  who  paid  §50,000.  The  Yreka  Union 
says  they  are  taking  out  large  sums  every 
month,  and  the  miners  think  they  have  one  of 
the  befit  properties  in  Northern  California. 


The  Harvard  Observatory. 

The  gift  of  $50,000  received  last  summer  by 
the  Astronomical  Observatory  of  Harvard  Col- 
lege from  Miss  C,  W.  Bruce  of  New  York  for 
the  construction  of  a  photographic  telescope  of 
novel  form,  has  enabled  the  observatory  to 
make  a  contract  with  Messrs.  Alvan  Clark  & 
Sons  for  a  telescope  having  an  aperture  of  24 
inches  and  a  focal  length  of  11  feet.  The  Bruce 
telescope  will  be  especially  adapted  to  studying 
the  very  faint  stars,  and  will  give  a  large  plate 
reducing  the  work  of  making  star  maps.  Its 
principal  use  will  be  probably  for  the  study  of 
the  distribution  of  the  stars  for  complete  cata- 
logues of  clusters,  nebulae  and  double  stars  and 
for  the  spectra  of  faint  stars. 

The  report  of  Prof.  E.  C.  Pickering  of  the 
Harvard  Observatory  states  that  an  expedition 
to  Southern  California  gives  them  a  mountain 
station  under  climatic  conditions  much  superior 
to  those  of  the  eastern  portions  of  the  United 
States,  and  promises  to  be  a  satiBfactory  solu- 
tion of  the  problem  contemplated  by  Mr.  Boy- 
den  in  his  will. 

Under  the  Henry  Draper  Memorial  Fund, 
the  first  research  on  the  spectrum  of  over  10,- 
000  of  the  brighter  stars  is  now  nearly  com- 
pleted and  is  partially  in  print.  The  photo- 
graphs required  for  the  second  research  on  the 
spectrum  of  the  fainter  stars  are  alao  nearly 
complete. 

The  13-inch  telescope  mounted  on  Mt.  Wil- 
son, Southern  California,  has  done  good  work, 
and  1155  photographs  have  been  obtained.  As 
the  same  objects  have  been  repeatedly  photo 
graphed  at  Cambridge  with  the  same  instru- 
ment, an  accurate  comparison  of  the  atmos' 
pheric  conditions  of  the  two  places  may  be 
made.  The  evidence  already  secured  shows 
that  in  summer  results  can  be  obtained  at  Wil- 
son's peak  which  cannot  be  obtained  at  Cam- 
bridge, The  difference  is  very  pronounced 
for  such  objects  as  the  markings  on  Jupiter. 
Clusters  like  that  on  Hercules  are  well  re- 
solved, 80  that  the  individual  stars  are  easily 
measured,  which  cannot  be  done  with  the 
best  Cambridge  photograph.  As  a  test  object, 
the  sixth  star  in  the  trapezium  of  Orion  nebula 
18  clearly  photographed  for  the  first  time.  A 
new  variable  star  has  been  discovered  In  the 
midst  of  the  cluster  6.  C.  3636.  A  beginning 
has  been  made  of  the  meaeurements  of  the  posi- 
tion and  brightness  of  the  double  stars,  and  it 
is  hoped  to  extend  this  work  to  the  clusters 
and  thus  furnish  an  extensive  addition  to  this 
department  of  miorometrio  astronomy. 


South  African  Gold. 

Notwithstanding  all  the  predictions  of  won- 
derful richness,  the  Transvaal  gold-fields  did 
not  make  such  a  remarkable  showing  last  year. 
The  whole  of  SouthAfrioa  only  produced  $8,000,- 
000;  and  Instead  of  there  being  2000  stamps 
dropping  1  with  a  monthly  product  of  75,000 
ounces,  there  are  only  35  mills  with  900 
stamps,  and  far  less  than  that  many  ounces 
per  month. 

The  big  English  syndicates  that  were  to  reap 
such  fortunes  must  be  much  disappointed. 
There  has  been  more  stock-gambling  than  min- 
ing, and  the  160  companies  operating  have 
made  very  little  money.  There  is  a  scarcity 
of  water  and  a  soaroity  of  competent  miners. 

A  good  many  rose-colored  statements  about 
these  mines  have  been  circulated  in  this  coun- 
try, with  directions  how  to  get  to  the  country, 
etc.  Bat  Africa  is  so  distant,  few  good  gold- 
miners  have  been  attracted  from  here.  Several 
California  superintendents  have  gone  out  there 
and  have  done  well;  but  it  is  no  place  for  an 
ordinary  miner  to  go  if  he  is  making  a  living  at 
home. 

Reduction  of  Bodie  Salaries. — At  a  spe- 
cial meeting  of  the  directors  of  the  Bodie  Con- 
solidated Mining  Co.,  held  on  January  15th, 
the  salaries  of  the  officials  of  the  company 
were  reduced  over  50  per  cent.  This  ac- 
tion, it  is  claimed,  was  due  to  the  present 
discouraging  outlook  in  the  mine  and  also  a 
difficulty  of  collecting  future  aeseBsmente.  At 
thelmeeting  Captain  John  Kelley  sent  in  his  res- 
ignation as  superintendent,  and  another  Kelly 
was  appointed  to  the  position.  The  latter  per- 
son is  very  highly  spoken  of  by  those  who 
know  him. 

The  coal  shipments  from  the  various  col- 
lieries in  Vancouver  island  during  the  past  year 
amounted  to  427,888  tons. 


The  Electric-Motor  Plant. 

The  Brush  electric -motor  plant  to  operate  the 
Nevada  mill  on  the  Comstock,  fully  illustrated 
and  described  in  the  Press  a  few  months  since, 
has  been  tested  and  finally  accepted.  The 
plant  is  the  largest  of  the  kind  in  the  world. 
At  first  there  were  some  obstacles  to  overcome, 
and  nobody  seemed  to  know  how  to  remedy 
them,  H.  S.  Conner,  a  skillful  electrician, 
came  out  from  Cleveland  to  ascertain  if  there 
were  any  defects  in  the  eleotric  plant  that 
caused  its  failure  to  fill  the  contract  with  the 
mill  company,  Mr.  Conner  proceeded  to  thor- 
oughly overhaul  the  entire  plant,  from  the 
dynamo  chamber  to  the  surface  motors,  and 
after  a  test  was  satisfied  that  the  reason  the 
plant  did  not  fulfill  the  specifications  of  the  cou' 
tract  with  the  Nevada  Mill  Company  was  due 
solely  to  the  incompetency  of  the  electricians 
who  had  charge  of  it  during  the  first  test.  The 
mill  has  now  been  in  constant  operation,  pro 
pelled  by  this  eleobrio  plant,  for  three  months 
as  a  final  test.  The  test  proved  that  63^  per 
cent  of  the  power  generated  in  the  dynamo 
chamber  is  landed  on  the  surface  motors- 
which  is  three  and  a  half  per  cent  more  than 
the  contract  between  the  Brush  Eleotric  Com- 
pany and  Nevada  Mill  &  Mining  Company 
specifies.     The  Virginia  Chronicle  says: 

The  plant  is  the  largest  in  the  world  and  the 
cost  is  $100,000.  It  consists  of  six  dynamos  of 
100  horse  power  each,  placed  on  the  Sutro  tuu' 
nel  level  of  the  ChoUar  incline,  1630  feet  below 
the  surface.  These  dynamos  are  operated  by 
Pelton  water-wheels  placed  on  the  same  level 
the  wheels  being  driven  by  a  volume  of  187 
inches  of  water  confined  in  an  iron  pipe  ten 
inches  in  diameter,  leading  from  the  surface' 
tank  to  the  point  of  discharge,  1630  feet  below. 

The  eleotric  power  generated  by  the  dynamos 
is  transmitted  on  copper  wires  to  the  surface 
motor-room,  2300  feet  distant  from  the  dynamo 
chamber. 

A  total  of  450-borae  power  is  required  to  op- 
erate the  mill,  which  is  equipped  with  60 
stamps,  16  pans,  10  settlers.  2  agitators  and  3 
Bulphuret  pans.  OF  the  450-horse  power  re 
quired  to  operate  the  entire  mill,  the  Brush 
electric  plant  furnishes  3S0-horee  power;  the 
surface  Pelton  wheel  on  which  the  volume  of 
wacer  required  to  operate  the  Sutro  tunnel 
dynamos  id  discharged  prior  to  passing  down 
the  incline,  furnishes  the  auxiliary  power  of  70 
per  cent. 

The  Bowers  Dredge. 

We  are  informed  that  the  Bowers  dredge  at 
Taooma  ia  now  excavating — and  discharging 
through  3600  feet  of  pipe— 2000  to  3000  yards 
of  sand  each  24  hours,  and  has  nearly  filled  up 
a  large  tract  of  land  for  railroad  purposes.  It 
has  another  contract  for  filling  in  1,000,000  cu 
bic  yards  on  which  it  will  commence  work  in 
about  a  month,  as  soon  as  the  present  contract  is 
completed.  This  is  the  same  machine  whioh  was 
at  work  for  some  time  in  San  Diego  bay,  and 
was  towed  up  to  Tacoma.  It  is  capable  of 
handling  a  much  larger  quantity  of  material 
through  a  shorter  discharge  pipe,  but  in  this  in- 
stance there  are  many  shells  which  lodge  In  the 
bottom  of  the  pipe  and  cause  considerable  frio 
tioo.  Otherwise  the  output  would  be  two  or 
three  times  as  much.  The  harbor  is  being 
deepened  at  the  same  time  that  new  land  is 
being  made  for  business  purposes. 

It  is  reported  on  pretty  good  authority  that 
the  patent  right  for  the  Puget  Sound  region 
has  been  sold  for  a  large  sum  of  money. 

Mr.  A,  B,  Bowers'  suits  for  infringement 
against  the  Von  Schmidt,  Lynch,  Chaquotte, 
Atlas  and  Hercules  dredges  are  now  pending  in 
the  United  States  Circuit  Court  in  this  city. 


.     William  T.  Garratt. 

The  well-known  pioneer  foundryman,  Wm. 
T.  Garratt,  died  suddenly  of  heart  disease  on 
Tuesday.  Mr.  Garratt  was  60  years  of  age, 
and  may  be  said  to  have  been  in  vigorous  health 
np  to  the  time  of  his  last  illness.  He  was  bom 
in  Waterbury,  Conn,,  and  came  of  Ecglish 
stock.  He  came  to  San  Francisco  in  1850,  and 
after  mining  in  Nevada  Co.  for  awhile  came  back 
here  and  entered  the  foundry  of  G.  W.  Schnltz. 
The  firm  at  that  time  was  carrying  on  the  dual 
business  of  coining  $5  and  $10  pieces  and  manu- 
facturing brass  and  iron  implements.  Shortly 
afterward  there  was  a  dissolution  of  partner- 
ship, Schultz  retaining  the  coining  department 
and  Garratt  taking  the  foundry.  From  that 
time  until  the  day  of  his  demise  Mr.  Gitrratt 
was  connected  with  this  business^  and  not- 
withstanding many  reverses,  lived  to  see  his 
labors  orowned  with  success  in  the  establish- 


ment of  the  most  complete  brass  foundry  on 
the  coast. 

His  establishment  was  burned  down  several 
times,  but  finally  he  took  the  premises  corner 
of  Natoma  and  Fremont,  where  he  has  been 
many  years.  The  large  branch  on  Fifth  and 
Brannan  has  only  been  operated  a  few  years. 
Mr,  Garratt  has  been  president  of  the  Manu- 
facturers' Association  and  a  member  of  the 
Chamber  of  Commerce  and  various  organiza- 
tions. He  was  one  of  the  trustees  of  ;the  State 
Mining  Bureau  at  the  time  of  his  death.  Be- 
sides his  interest  in  the  foundries,  he  was  large- 
ly engaged  in  steamboat,  railroad  and  mining 
enterprises  at  various  times,  and  stood  high  in 
the  business  community. 


Comstock     Superintendents'    Salaries. 

There  were  days  on  the  Comstock  when  every 
mine,  big  or  little^  had  its  superintendent  at 
a  handsome  salary,  some  of  them  with  very 
little  indeed  to  do.  But  those  days  are  gone; 
now,  one  man  superintends  several  mines,  even 
in  the  case  of  very  important^  ones.  The  super- 
intendents, moreover,  have  not  now  mere  or- 
namental positions,  and  there  are  no  $1000  a 
month  salaries,  with  double  teams  to  drive  and 
no  duties  except  to  entertain  people. 

Among  others,  the  following  monthly  sal- 
aries are  paid  to  mine  superintendents  on  the 
Comstock,  Virginia  City,  Nev.:  To  R.  P. 
Keating  by  Hale  and  Norcross,  $400,  Savage, 
$400,  and  Scorpion,  $150;  total,  $950.  A.  C. 
Hamilton  by  OhoUar,  $250,  Potoii,  $250,  Ex- 
chequer, $150,  Alpha,  $150;  total,  $800.  Mr. 
Kerwin  by  Bast  and  Beloher,  $250,  Gould  and 
Curry,  $250;  total,  $500.  A.  Lockey  by  Over- 
man, $200.  D.  B.  Lyman  by  Con.  California 
and  Virginia,  Ophirand  Mexican,  each  $187.50; 
Occidental,  $150,  Sierra  Nevada,  $250,  Union, 
$125;  total,  $987  50.  S.  L.  Jones  by  Crown 
Point,  $500,  Beloher,  charged  in  Crown  Point, 
Seg.  Baicher,  $150;  total,  $650.  W.  E. 
Sharon,  Challenge,  $250;  Confidence,  $250; 
Yellow  Jacket  reported  $250;  total,  $750. 

The  largest  aggregate  salary  of  any  official 
connected  with  Comstock  mines  is  that  of  0. 
E.  Elliott,  mining  secretary,  and  next  to  the 
largest  is  that  of  A.  K.  P.  Harmon,  mining 
president.  The  latter's  income  from  that 
source  is  $850  a  month. 

But  they  do  not  pay  the  superintendents 
such  salaries  on  the  Comstock  as  are  paid  in 
some  other  places,  A  number  of  them  have 
gone  abroad  for  foreign  companies  and  receive 
very  handsome  annual  sums.  For  instance, 
Mr.  Patton,  formerly  of  the  Comstook,  gets  in 
Australia  $30,000  a  year  for  superintending  the 
Broken  Hill  mine. 


In  the  Mountains. 

In  the  mountain  and  mining  counties,  there 
has  been  a  very  heavy  snowfall  this  winter. 
In  fact  there  has  been  more  snow  than  in  the 
memorable  winter  of  1860,  and  more  cold 
weather  than  in  1853-4.  Some  lives  have 
been  lost  by  snowslides  and  travel  is  every- 
where impeded.  Some  mills  and  mines  have 
had  to  close  down  because  of  lack  of  supplies  or 
the  freezing  up  of  ditches.  The  railroads  have 
had  difficulty  to  keep  in  operation,  and  team- 
ing has  been  impossible.  In  the  gulches  and 
bottoms  the  snow  has  been  soft,  so  as  to  render 
snow-shoeing  very  bad.  The  ground  is  thor- 
ODghly  soaked  so  that  the  pumps  at  all  the 
mines  have  been  kept  busy.  In  some  places, 
as  at  the  summit,  16  to  17  feet  of  snow  has 
fallen  on  a  level. 

What  will  happen  in  the  spring  if  this  snow 
melts  rapidly  is  unpleasant  to  contemplate. 
The  hydraulic  mine-owners  regret  that  they 
will  be  unable  to  work,  though  there  will  be 
an  abundance  of  water;  but  for  other  mining 
operations  a  prosperous  year  is  predicted.  The 
snow  has  come  much  lower  down  the  foothills 
this  year  than  is  ordinarily  the  case. 


Two  Competent  Men — The  mining  conibi-. 
nation  that  has  entered  into  a  compact  to  com- 
mence pumping  water  out  of  the  Gold  Hill 
mines  has  engaged  W.  R.  Eokart,  a  prominent 
mining  and  civil  engineer,  and  Mr.  James  E. 
Dow,  manufacturer  of  pumping  and  general 
hydraulic  machinery,  of  San  Francisco,  to  draw 
up  plans  for  the  purpose  and  to  produce  a 
pump  for  sinking  purposes.  After  the  water  is 
lowered,  it  is  intended  to  double  the  pumping 
capacity  by  placing  a  stationary  pump  at  the 
lowest  point  obtainable. 


Jan.  18,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


46 


Shocking  Waste  of  Timber. 

Wtt  h&Vfi  ofteo  bad  severe  deDunoiatioDi  of 
timber  wute  ftod  earaeat  appeale  to  people  to 
refrain  from  it,  but  no  verbal  exhortation  ooald 
be  10  elcqaeot  aa  the  ptotnre  whioh  we  give 
apon  thia  page.  It  was  made  by  the  Diwey 
Eagraviog  Oo.  for  the  State  Board  of  Forestry 
directly  from  a  photograph  Babmitted  by  W.  S. 
Lyon,  State  Forester.  Oonseqoently  it  presents 
an  ftotoal  aoeoe  and  nae  whioh  fortunately  one 
does  not  need  to  go  far  to  see  its  lilce  in  the 
timbered  regions  of  the  State.  The  piotnre 
iiOoompaniea  a  memorial  whioh  the  State  Board 
of  Forestry  has  jast  transmitted  to  Oongrees 
and  ii  well  oaloalated  to  open  the  eyes  of  the 
Law-makers  to  the  culpable  wsa^e  of  valnable 
property  which  should  be  lommarily  checked 
by  ad<  qaats  trgislation.    The  cuttiug  which  the 


stances  these  outrages  are  perpetrated  upon 
the  pablio  domain,  and  are  as  indefensible  as 
would  be  the  aota  of  a  farmer  in  burning  the 
tialds  and  breaking  down  the  fences  of  another 
for  the  pnrpose  of  seouriog  a  more  expeditions 
route  to  market." 

The  memorial  of  the  State  Bsard  is  a  strong 
doonment  on  maoy  aooounts.  It  alludes  first 
to  the  need  of  maintaining  a  forest  ooverlog  oo 
onr  mountains  to  conserve  the  water  for  irriga- 
tion of  onr  arid  lands.  Thia  is  a  subject  which 
is  eaoh  year  oommandiog  wider  enpport,  and 
we  are  glad  to  know  that  organized  effort  in 
some  of  onr  irrigated  diattiots  is  being  put 
forth  to  secure  the  desired  ends.  The  memo- 
rial preaents  that  the  most  feasible  way  to  secure 
the  retention  of  a  forett  ooveriog  is  to  with 
draw  the  timber  laid  from  tale  or  tntry  sod  tc 
sell  the  timber  crop,  goa-din^  the    aiea  fo  tHat 


Natural  Gas. 

The  continuous  discoveries  of  natural  gas  in 
so  many  different  portioos  of  the  world  gives 
rise  to  the  qnestion  whether  its  generation  la 
of  modern  occurrence  or  more  antique  origin. 
Its  existence  has  been  known  in  isolated  loca- 
tions for  over  a  century  in  the  United  States. 
1q  those  localities  it  was  exceedingly  limited  in 
quantity,  and  while  it  was  considered  a  ca- 
riosity, it  ntver  rose  to  any  importanoe.  Bat 
within  a  comparatively  few  years  past,  it  has 
sBsumid  Booh  glgantio  proportions  as  an  illu- 
minator for  cities  and  towns,  and  as  a  fuel  in 
furnaces,  factories  and  dwelliugs,  that  it  be- 
comes a  marvel,  if  it  is  not  of  reoent  origin, 
why  its  utility  was  coffered  to  remain  so  long 
Qorfcngriz  (I.  It  was  known  ^n  the  ProviDce 
of    T-ii  n    liiin    Tsing,    Cblra,    nrd    wells  were 


per  diem,  according  to  a  report  by  Prof.  James 
Dewar,  F.  K.  S.  This  dow  haa  been  going  on 
from  old  wells  for  10,  12  and  even  20  years  in 
the  vicinity  of  Pittsburg.  The  immense  ex- 
pansion that  follows  this  wonderful  flow  rO' 
duoea  the  temperature  bo  greatly  that  near  the 
top  there  is  an  ice  coating  on  or  near  the  whole 
of  the  pipe.  This  refrigerAting  property  haa 
manifested  itself  in  several  gas  wells.  In  some 
cases  the  ice  has  formed  so  solid  about  the  drills 
that  it  ohecked  operations  for  the  time  being. 
At  Jo  Jo,  in  Western  Pennsylvania,  gas  was 
struck  at  1000  feet.  In  attempting  to  bait  the 
well,  the  bailer  stuck  fast  for  awhile.  When  It 
was  at  last  brought  to  the  surfaoe,  the  bottom 
was  ocvered  with  ice. 

Natural  gas  is  now  found  in  every  oivilizsd 
couotry.  Th3  aggregate  flow  of  all  the  wells 
of  the  world  would  make  such  a  etartling  array 


IMPROVIDENT    METHODS    OF    CUTTING    TIMBER,    AS    INSTANCED    IN    THE    MEMORIAL    OF    THE    STATE    BOARD    OF    FORESTRY. 


opeBiog  the  way  to  private  property  or  to  give 
•coeBB  to  still  richer  stores  of  publio  property, 
Thas  the  acts  are  strictly  within  the  scope  of 
thd  General  Government.  The  memorial  to 
whioh  we  allude  makea  thia  forcible  allusion  to 
the  deetmotioQ  of  timber  to  which  we  refer: 
"  A^'foveat,  or  timber,  like  any  other  orop,  when 
mature,'  ie  fit  to  harvest,  and  when  not  subject 
to  wastefol  abusea  may  with  propriety  and 
benefit  be  ont;  when,  however,  to  faoilitate  ac- 
oesrto  a  tract,  vast  quantities  of  intervening 
Undfl  are  laid  waste  and  valuable  timber  is  left 
engiaving^  shows  was  not  for  the  purpose  of  sup- 
plying ^merchantable  lumber  or  fuel,  bat  merely 
for  opening  the  way  to  more  densely  wooded 
trftotff.  If  men  did  thia  on  their  own  lands  the 
oritib  conld  not  do  much  more  than  deplore 
the  wanton  waste,  bat  snoh  outting  generally 
Gooara  on  the  pnbllo  domain  for  the  purpose  of 
to  decay  _aad  destruction  (as  ia  well  illustrated 
inrtbeaooompanying  photographic  reproduction 
of  fc  oommon  incident  of  our  lumber  country), 
thw-'aaoh  methods  become  improvident  and 
ihoaU  be-vigoroualy  aappressed.     In  most  in- 


a  aeoond  growth  shall  not  be  interfered  with  by 
fire  or  sheep-herding.  This  would  make  the 
timber  area  of  our  monntainB,  whioh  is  still 
owned  by  the  Government,  a  perpetual  reserve 
which  shall,  throagh  all  coming  generations, 
famish  ample  sappliee  of  timber  and  fuel,  and 
at  the  same  time  lescue  the  valleys  in  the 
future,  to  some  extent  at  least,  from  ruinoas 
floode,  and  to  store  water  to  be  Bent  down  grad- 
aally  upon  the  plains  as  irrigators  can  use  it. 
These  things  should  command  public  attention 
and  snpport,  and  we  have  no  doubt' thelefforta 
of  oar  State  Board  will  have  mach  influence  in 
that  direotlon. 


The  Mint  Commission. — Among  the  com- 
misioners  appointed  by  the  President  to  test 
and  examine  the  weight  and  fineness  of  coins  at 
the  several  U.  S.  Minta  are  Senator  J.  P. 
Jones,  H.  L.  Dodge  and  Prof.  Tho8.  Price  of 
this  city. 

Rain  fell  in  Oregon  and  Washington  19  days, 

iin  Southern    California   on  IS    days,   and    in 
Northern  Oaliforala  on  24  days  in  Deoember, 


drilled  there  3000  feet  deep.  The  gas  was  con- 
veyed through  bamboo  pipes  and  burned  in 
clay  burners.  In  Virginia,  in  1775,  Washing' 
ton  set  apart  a  square  mile  of  territory  in 
Kanawha  valley,  in  which  was  a  barning  spring 
whioh  he  deeded  to  the  public  forever,  but  his 
purpose  was  defeated.  When  General  La- 
fayette passed  through  the  then  village  of  Fre< 
donia,  N.  Y.,  about  40  miles  south  of  Buffalo, 
the  inn  at  which  he  stopped  was  illuminated  by 
natural  gas  through  30  burners.  In  1859  its 
presence  was  well  known  in  the  coal  regions  of 
Pennsylvania.  In  1865  a  well  was  drilled  near 
Wilcox,  100  miles  east  of  Erie,  from  which  gas 
fiowed  under  a  pressure  of  600  pounds  to  the 
square  inch.  Until  18SI,  natural  gas  was  only 
used  for  local  illumination,  for  local  fuel  and 
the  manufacture  of  high-grade  lampblack.  Its 
flow  was  permitted  to  escape  without  utiliza- 
tion. The  exact  loss  cannot  be  aaoertained, 
but  it  approximates  closely  to  an  equivalent  of 
100,000,000  tons  of  coal.  The  amount  of  gas 
whioh  flows  from  some  individnal  wella  reaches 
the  enoimoas  quantity  of  30,000,000  cubic  feet 


of  figures  ae  would  terrify  those  who  aaw  it 
into  a  belief  that  some  terrible  catastrophe 
would  result  from  snoh  an  extraotion  from  the 
earth's  center.  Three  hundred  and  fifty  mill- 
ion cabic  feet  came  daily  to  Pittsburg  in  Sep- 
tember, 1886.  In  aome  adjacent  localities  the 
daily  flow  ia  30,000,000  onbio  feet.  The  Karg 
well  at  Findlay,  0.,  discharged  40,000,000 
cubic  feet  per  day,  and  other  wells  there  wasted 
in  the  air  10,000,000  daily.  At  Belle  Vernon 
the  outflow  is  12,000,000  feet  per  24  hoars.  The 
aggregate  of  eleven  districts  amounts  to  8,644,- 
000,000  cubic  feet  of  natural  gas  every  24  hoars. 
The  pressure  per  Equare  inch  varies  from  200  to 
over  600  pounds.  The  flames  from  the  burning 
gas  reach  the  hight  of  from  50  to  over  100  feet. . 
If  a  correct  statement  of  the  products  of  the 
gaa-fielda  of  the  United  States  could  be  ob- 
tained it  would  probably  reach  the  enormous 
amount  of  over  20,000,000,000  cubic  feet  each 
day  of  24  hours.  This  would  be  eqaal  to  a 
apace  of  28,967.66  square  milee.  The  elaatioity 
of  the  gaa  and  the  additional  supply  whioh 
would  rue  to  fill  the  otherwise  vaoaam«  pre- 


M 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Jan.  18,  1890 


■vents  the  occurrence  of  a  catastrophe  which 
would  be  direful  in  its  consequencea.  The 
question  then  ariBea;  How  long  can  this  with- 
arawal  from  the  earth's  center  continue  harm- 
lees  2  At  preaen^;,  its  eaoape  from  below,  the 
surface  of  the  earth  may  be  preventive  of  an 
iftwful  explosion.  It  may  be  the  safety  valve  to 
let  oflf  some  of  the  enormoua  preaaure,  which  aa 
mentioned  above  reached  at  times  over  600 
pounds  to  the  square  inch.  This  subterraneous 
pressure  must  be  continually  increasing,  de- 
spite the  activity  of  all  the  voloauoea  of_  the 
world;  and  the  drillings,  though  but  an  infin- 
itesimal factor  compared  with  the  smiface  of 
the  earth,  may  retard  temporarily,  in  connec- 
tion with  them,  the  final  destruction  by  fire 
which  IB  foretold  as  the  doom  of  the  globe, 
■  When  we  remember  that  some  far  distant  stars 
have  suddenly  burst  into  fiime  and  been  lost  to 
sight  ever  after,  it  may  be  a  natural  ratiocina- 
tion that  they  were  resolved  into  their  primal 
gaseous  condition  which  La  Place  asserts  to 
have  been  their  origin. 

The  commercial  value  of  natural-gaa  wells 
may  be  better  understood  when  it  is  known  that 
pipe  lines  are  extended  20  or  30  miles,  and  that 
one  of  the  companies  is  estimating  the  coat  of 
piping  the  gas  90  miles  to  Cincinnati,  and  de- 
livering there  20,000,000  cubic  feet  per  24 
hours!  The  obstacle  they  will  have  to  con- j 
tend  with  will  be  the  condenaation  in  extreme 
cold  weather,  which  will  diminish  the  pressure 
at  the  terminus  of  the  line.  The  Philadelphia 
Company  is  piping  into  Pittsburg  300,000,000 
to  500,000,000  cubic  feet  of  natural  gas  per 
day.  This  is  equivalent  to  from  20,000  to  25,- 
000  tons  of  coal. 

Regarding  extensive  explosions  of  natural 
gAB  deep  down  in  the  wells,  no  apprehension 
need  be  experienced  on  that  score.  To  render 
the  natural  gas  explosive,  it  requirea  to  be  in- 
termixed with  from  9  to  14  parts  of  air  to  one 
of  gas.  While  the  pressure  of  gaa  at  the  sur- 
face is  over  that  of  .the  atmosphere,  which  is 
about  15  pounds  to  the  gquure  inch,  it  follows 
as  a  matter  of  course  that  the  air  cannot  de- 
scend into  the  well.  Before  the  pressure  would 
be  reduced  sufficiently  to  admit  from  9  to  15 
parts  of  air  to  one  of  gaa,  the  water  would  rise 
above  the  gas,  even  if  it  did  not  flaw  from  the 
well.  Consequently  under  this  condition  the 
mixture  of  air  and  gas  could  not  occur.  An 
other  preventive  would  be  that  when  the  press- 
ure became  so  greatly  reduced,  the  taud  would 
choke  the  well;  this  would  keep  the  air  from 
reaching  the  gas.  There  is  therefore  no  cause 
to  apprehend  any  vast  explosion,  or  even  a  lim- 
ited one.  • 

The  durability  of  the  yield  of  gas  may  be 
considered  positive.  The  gas  is  the  reaultant 
of  the  commingling  of  hydrocarbon  oils  and 
water.  A  slight  quantity  of  air  would  accel- 
erate the  evolution  of  hydrogen  from  the  water 
blended  with  the  oil. 

The  most  recent  geological  formations  are  all 
permeated  by  hydrocarbon  compounds  of  some 
kind.  It  follows  that  the  gas  is  generated  by 
ohemical  action  or  by  reaolving  into  its  orig- 
inal elements  some  compound  mineral  sub- 
stanoe;  consequently  the  formation  of  the  gaa 
is  progressing  continuously  at  the  present  time, 
as  it  has  ever  been.  These  carboniferous  strata 
are  replete  with  oils  and  hydrocarbons,  which 
are  continually  being  transposed  into  new 
forms  by  either  or  both  an  increase  of 
oxygen  or  hydrogen.  The  liquid  form,  if  ex- 
posed to  the  air,  becomes  a  vaporous  hydro- 
carbon. As  this  chemical  action  is  in  constant 
operation,  the  supply  of  the  gas  may  safely  be 
considered  aa  certain  for  all  time  to  come.  The 
final  conflagration  muat  arise  from  some  other 
eonrce  than  that  of  the  gas  wells,  for  their 
sphere  is  too  limited  to  affect  the  entire  globe, 
for  the  aggregation  of  them  all  would  be  equal 
only  to  a  small  grain  of  dust  upon  a  six-toot 
globe. 

The  natural-gas  industry  may  therefore  be 
considered  as  an  enduring  one  that  will  increaee 
instead  of  diminishing  its  supply. 


DELINQUENT    SALE    NOTICE. 
Booth    Gold    Mining  Company.   Location 

of  principal  place  of  business,  Sao  Francisco,  Cali- 
fornia. Locatioii  of  Works,  Auburn,  Placer  Co.,  Cal. 
NOTICE.— There  is  delinquent  upon  the  following 
described  Stock,  on  account  ol  Assessment  (No.  i),  levied 
on  the  23d  day  of  Novemlier.  18S9,  the  several  amounts 
set  opposite  the  namea  of  the  respective  Shareholders, 
as  f  oUowe: 

No. 
Certifi-       No. 
Nambs.  cate.      Shares.      Am't 

rtieUard  Chenery,  Trustee ISO    ,     6,275      8125  50 

Kichard  Chenerj- 17  5  10 

Chailes  F.  Eaton 171  300  G  00 

Charles  F.  Faton 172  300  6  UO 

Charlea  F.  Eaton 17a  60  1  20 

R.  N.  GraveG,  Trustee ^5  250  5  00 

E.  S.  Harriaoii 177         1,000         20  00 

Geo.  R.  Spioney,  Trustee 82  312  6  24 

Geo.  R.  Spinney,  Trustee  .; 176  500         10  00 

E.  P.  Slosson,  Trustee : 181  50O         10  00 

And  in  accordance  with  law,  and  an  order  of  the  Board 
of  Directors,  made  un  the  23d  daj'  of  No '  ember,  1889,  so 
many  shares  of  each  parcel  of  such  Stock  as  may  be 
necessary,  will  bo  gold  at  public  Auction,  at  the  sales- 
room of  Aliddleton  &  Sharon,  No.  22  UoDteomery  street, 
Sau  Francisco,  California,  on  MONDAY,  THE  TWENTI- 
ETH (20th)  DAY  OF  JANUARY,  1S90,  at  the  hour  of  3 
o'clock  I'.  M.,  o(  said  day,  to  pay  said  Delinquent  Assess- 
ment thereon,  together  \nth  costs  of  advertising  and 
■  expenses  of  the  sale. 

GEO.  R.  SPINNEY,  Secretary. 
Office,  310  Pine  St.,  Room  28,  San  Francisco,  California. 

•INVENTORS,     TAKE      NOTICE  1 

L.  petersonTmodel  maker, 

368  Market  St.,  N.  E.  cor.  Front  (up  stairs),  San   Francaico 

Experimetital  machinery  and  all  kinds  of  models.  Tin 

and  brasawork.    All  communications  strictly  confiden- 

lia.l 


^     0*  -  "^  ^'^^ 

V^  I r   n  g  and 
Scienbi  r  Pies<! 

Pacif"  I. 

f^ural  Press* 


RUBBER  FACTORY, 


Monarch   Belting. 

The  I'  ies  of  this  B«lt  are 

U   ITEObyCOTrON  RIVETS 

Which  hdid  -ht-ni  firmly  tofcefher. 

£ach   Rivet  is  Independeiit 

And  F   Mows  the  Strwtili. 

THERE  ARE    NO   STITCHES 

TO  B11K4K,  aod 

The    Belt    has    a    Smooth 
Surface. 


Hose,  Belting,  Packing,  Etc. 

ALL  KINDS  OF  RUBBER  GOODS  MADE  TO  ORDER  IN  A  FEW  HOURS. 

W,  F.  BOWERS  &  CO.,  409  Market  St.,  San  Francisco. 


SAN  FRANCISCO  TOOL  CO, 

MANDFAOTUBBRS    OP 

IRRIGATING  PUMPS 

AND 

Machinery  of  all   Kinds. 


PACIFIC  COAST  AGENTS 

BABOOOK    &    WILCOX 

Patent  Water  Tube  Steam  Boilers 

^Estimates  Furnished  on  Appliratiou. 


''Send  for  Oatalogues. 


OENTRlTUGAt     PUMP. 


FIRST  and  STEVENSON  STS..  S.  F. 


LIDGERWOOD  M'P'Q  CO 


UANUPACTDRBRS     OF 


HOISTING  ENGINES. 

300  Styles  and  Sizes.    5000  in  TTse. 


96  Liberty  St.,  New 
York. 

34  &  36  West  Monroe 
St.,  Chicago. 

'\    197  to  203  Congress  St. , 
BoatoQ. 

y  PAEKE  &UCY  CO., 

Agents, 
San  Francisco,  Cal. 
Send  for  Catalog:ae. 


Valuable    Gold  Mine 
FOR  SALE, 

Bond,  or  will  give  party  an  interest  who  vdU  erect  a  suit- 
able mill  and  furnish  sufficient  capital  tor  working  pur- 
poses.   SlO.OOO  already  expended  in  developments. 

Estimated  Ore  in  Sight,  $100,000. 

For  particulars,  addresH 

T.  L  B.,  Box  3617,  San  Francisco. 


QUICKSILVER 

For  Sale  In  Lots  to  Suit  bv 

PARBOTT    Ss    OOh 
806  Oalifomla  St.,  San  Frsnolaco,  Oa). 


Books  on  Working  Ores. 


By  Guido  Kustel,  M..  E. 

Roasting  of  GooD  and  Silvkr  Or  es  (Second  Edition)  and 
the    Extiactiou    of    their    Respective  Metals    without 
Quicksilver.     By  GuiDO  Kustbl,  U.  E.     1880. 
This  rare  book  on  the  treatment  of  gold  and  silver  ore 
iiVitliQut  quicksilver  is  liberally  ilhistrated  and  crammed 
fullcf  fact.~>.     It  t'ives  short  and  conci-ie  descriptions  of 
various  processes  and  apparatus  employed  in  this  countrj' 
and  in  Europe,  and  the  why  and  wherefore.    It  contains  35fl 
paifci,  euibracing  Illustrations  of  furnaces,  supplements 
and  w  orking  apparatus.     It  is  a  work  of  great  merit,  by 
an  author  whose  reputation  is  unsurpassed  in  his  specialty 
Pricf,,  S3,  coin,  postage  free.    Sold  hy  Dewey  &  Co.,  Pub- 
lishers, 220  Market  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


PRACTICAL   ' 

Books  on  Mining 

AND  IRRiGATION. 


PRACriCAL  GOt-D-MINING.  — A  comprehen- 
£Ki\'e  treatise  on  the  origin  and  occurrence  of  gold-bear- 
inif  gravels,  rocks,  and  ores,  and  the  methoda  hy  wblcti 
the  gold  ia  extracted.  By  C.  G.  Warnford  Lock.  788 
pages,  with  8  plates  and  271  engravings  in  the  texi, 
4to,  cloth,  §15  00,  ixpresa  prepaid. 

IRRIGATION".— Kgyptian  Irrigation!  By  W.  Will- 
I  oc!<3,  with  introduction  by  Lt.  Col.  J.  C.  'Ross.  ThlB 
work  embodies  the  information,  collected  durine  four 
and  a  half  .\  ears,  of  the  irrigation  eyetems  of  Egypt. 
EneineerinET  iiuestirus.  such  as  silt-deposits,  dratnage, 
irrigation,  the  Barrngea,  flood  protection,  methods  of 
regniat'on,  locks,  etc.,  have  been  treated  in  detail.  367 
pages,  Urne  Svo,  with  20  plates  and  numerous  engrav- 
ings iu  the  text.     Price  S15.00,  express  prepaid. 

MEXICAN  MINES — Dahlgren's  Historic  Mines  of 
Mexico,  on'ya  few  copies  l^ft;  price  §25.00.  Handbook 
to  the  Historic  Mines  ot  Mexico,  price  $1.00. 


Descriptive  Catalogue  aod  Circulars  of  Bol^ka  -relsting 
I  Assa;  ing.  Mining,  Electricity  and  Mechanicil  Eogiaeer 
ng,  sent  free  on  application. 

E.  &  F.  N.  SPON.  Publishers, 

12  Cortlandt  St., "New  Tork. 


WATER  TANKS,     TOINK  TANKSI 

CALIFORNIA    WINE     COOPERAGE     CO. 

FULDA  BBO.S.,  Proprietors, 

30  to  40  Spear  St.,  San  FranctBoo. 

ALL  KIVDS  OP  CASKS,  TANKS,  Etc. 

lySuiP.  MisiKQ.  and  Watbr  Tanks  a  Specialty. 'El 


PENGERIAN 
)TEEL  PENS 

Are  the  Best, 

IN  THE  BSSENTIAI,  QUAXITIE.S  OF 

Durability,   Evenness  of 
Point,  and  Workmanship. 

Samples  for  trial  of  12  different  styles  by  luflil,  oa 
rect'ij-tol'  lO  ci'iils  iu  Btuiiips.    Ask  for  curd  Jlo.  8. 

,  BLftKEMiN  &  CO.,  "^.^JTSPiVr^' 


0X.AYTOiV^ 


IMPROVED 


a--J3 


AIR  COMPRESSORS 

Fob  CATALOGl/ES,  ESTIMATES,  ETC. ,  Address,      j. 

Clayton  Air  Compressor  Works  1 


43  DEY  ST.,  NEW  YORK. 


0. 


H.  EVANS    &  GO. 

(Succesaore  to  THOMSON  &  EVANS), 

110  and   112  Beale   Street.  S.  F. 

MACHINE  WORKS, 
Steam  Pumps,  Steam  Engines 

and  all  kinds  ot  MACHINERY. 

hdp 


FOR  RENT,  CHEAP. 

BRICK  BUILDING  at  corner  of  Folsom  ant|  Nineteeuth 
streets,  in  subdivisions,  floors  or  parts  of  floors.  Will 
furnish  power  and  give  leases. 

CHARLES  ASHTON, 
41 1   Monigomery  Street,  S.  F. 


"WITTER'S  SPRINGS."  Ji^"^^ 

miles  east  ol  Ukiah.    Comfortable  Hotel.    Quiet  Cabins 

Lovely  Scenery.    Low  Chargea    Its  waters  are  a  sate 

cure  tor  Dropsy,  Scrofulous  and  Skin  Diseases,  Rhouma. 

'iwm.  ete.    AMreas.  H   L.  DBNIO,  Upper  Lake. 


Jan.  18,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


47 


List  of  U.S.  PateBts  for  Pacific  Coast 
Inventors. 

Eieportad  by  I>ewey  6i  Oo..  Plone«r  Patent 
SoUoltore  for  Pacific  States. 

FOR  WEEK  ENDING  DEC,  31,  1889. 

418.346.— Station     Indicator— M.    Aoihony, 
Indicator— M.    Anthony. 


S.  F. 

418,347.— Station 
S.  K. 

418,639.— Shirt— Frank  Batler.  Slide,  Cal. 

418.496.— Suction  Dkeuge— J.  W.  Brown,  S.  F. 

418,505.— Hasi'    Lock— Descalw  &   Moriimer, 
Pelcrs.  Cal. 

kii.os2.— Collar  Stuffing  Machine— C.  Ew- 
•DR,  S.  F. 

418.407 —Fkuit  Drier— F.  H.  Gilbert.    Union 
Ridge.  Washington. 

418,613.- Ocean    Motor— I.  S.  Goldman,    Los 
Angeles,  Cal. 

418,513.— Hydrant  Coupling-S.  R.  Hackley, 
S.  F. 

418.514.— Concentrator— I.  W.  Heilig,  Poiis- 
town.  Pa. 

418.531.— Windmill— A.    G.    Norton,     Arroyo 
Grande,  Cal, 

418.471.- Setting  Spud  for  Dredgers  -A.;  P. 
Payson.  S.  F, 

418,331.— Derrick- W.  B.  Pless.  Stockton,  Cal. 

418.590.- Surf   Power— J.    Ringer,   Coronado, 
Cal. 

^,8481.— Hydro  Carbon  Burner— J.  H.  Whit- 
burn, Los  Angrles,  Cal. 

FOR   WEEK   ending  JAN.   7,    1890. 

418,860.— Metallic    Roofing— H.    Anderson, 
S.  F. 

418.862.- Shoe  for  Thrashers— Henry  Bryan, 
Modesto,  Cal.  ^ 

418  941.  — Broom-Brush    Bridle— J.    B.  Buten- 
schon,  Portland,  Or. 

■  418.943  —Wave     Motor— R.     B.    Davy,    San 
Diego.  Cal. 
418,865.— Oat  Holler— L.  C.  Dibert,  S.  F. 
418.867.— Discharge    Door    for    Steam    Di- 
gesters—P.  F.  Dundon,  S.  F. 
418,868.— Annunciator -J.  Finck,  S.  F. 
.418,712.— Track  Gage— J.  J.  Gr.ffin,  San   Ber- 
nardino, Cal. 

418  946.— Folding  Bed  Screen- J.  j.   Grifiin, 
San  Bi'nardino.  Cal. 

419.014.— Stamp   Canceling    Machine  — W. 
Groih,  Seattle.  Wash. 

418,870.— Ruler  and  Pencil  Sharpener— J. 
T.  HaztHi.  S   F. 

418.871. — Electrical  Indicating  Apparatus 
— G.  A.  Holt.  O^k'and.  Cal. 

418,730.  —  Hop-Drier  —  W.  J.  Leechman, 
Slaughter,  Wash. 

418.873.— Well- Boring  Apparatus— E.  F.  Lit- 
tlepage,  San  Jose,  Cal. 

418,732.— Car-Coupling— A.  Lynch,  Eugene 
City.  Or. 

418.874.— Saw  Setting  Machine — B.  Mclntire, 
s.  K. 

419,066.— Life  Preserver— O.  Quist,  Colton, 
Cal. 

418.877.— Windmill  Governor- A.  J.  Salis- 
bury, Hueneme.  Cal. 

419,082.- Horse  Checking  Device  — W.  P. 
Smith,  Renton,  Wash. 

418,964. —  Knife    Cleaner  —  Jos.    Thompson, 
Decoto.  Cal. 
418.96?.— Bird  Trap— B.  Walton,  Compton,  Cal. 
418.966.— Ventilator  for  Boots  and  Shoes— 
P.  Welander,  S.  F. 

The  lolowiog:  brief  list  by  telegraph,  for  Jan.  U,  will 
appear  more  complete  on  receipt  of  mail  advicea: 

California— James  Spiers  and  E.  H.  Booth,  S.  F.,  rock- 
hreaker;  Jacob  Price,  San  Leandro,  traction  engine; 
James  M.  Schofleld,  Merced,  bottle.stopper;  Bartlett 
Mclntyre,  assignor  to  the  Vulcan  Iron  Works,  S.  F..  clip 
for  wire  rope  way;  Geor^te  W.  Pardee  and  G.  and  R.  H. 
Leaman,  Tower  Lake,  wagon-brake;  Edward  M.  Kniijht, 
San  Mateo,  assignor  to  Itapid  Safety  Fi.ter  Co  ,  S,  F., 
filter;  Frank  A.  Huntington,  S.  F  ,  caishing-mill;  Will- 
iam H.  Keep,  aasignor  of  half  to  S.  A.  Hathaway, 
Stockton,  windmill;  Miles  B.  Dodge,  assignor  to  Parked 
Lacy,  S.  F.,  two  patents  for  rock-breaker;  George  E. 
Dow,  3.  F.,  pump;  John  W.  Eiaenhuth,  S.  F.,  clipping 
machine;  Isaac  B.  Abraham.  S.  F.,  adjustable  and  re- 
movable armor  for  ships;  Frank  W,  Bitley,  S.  F.,  flexible 
shaft  coupling. 

NOTB.— Copies  of  U.  S.  and  Foreign  patents  furnished 
by  Dewey  &  Co.,  in  the  shortest  time  poseible  (by  mail 
or  telegraphic  order).  American  and  Foreign  patents 
obtained,  and  general  patent  business  for  Pacific  Coast 
inventors  transacted  with  perfect  security,  at  reasonable 
rates,  and  In  the  shortest  possible  time. 


lever  ia  looked  in  place,  together  with   oertain 
details  of  coaetrnctioa. 

Anncsclatoh. —  JaliuB  Finck,  S.  F.  No. 
418,868.  Dited  Jan.  7,  1S90.  The  invention 
reiatea  to  the  drops  for  electric  aoDODciators. 
It  oonaiata  in  the  novel  arrangement  of  the  drop- 
shutter  and  the  armature  of  the  magnet.  The 
object  of  the  invention  ia  to  provide  an  annan- 
oifctor  drop  which  ia  adapted  to  be  operated  by 
a  Bimple  construotion  and  arrangement  of  the 
armature,  thereby  eimplifying  and  lesBeDinf; 
the  cost  of  the  manafacture  of  the  device. 

Oat  Hcller.— Loyd  C.  Dibert,  S.  F.  No. 
418  865.  Dittd  Jan.  7.  1890,  This  invention 
belongs  in  the  olasa  of  grinding  mill-stock  ma- 
chinery and  the  object  is  to  provide  a  machine 
of  this  class  of  great  capacity  and  adapted  for 
rapid  and  tff^otive  work 

Shoe  for  Thra.shing  Macqines.  —  Henry 
Brvan,  Modesto.  No.  418,862.  Dated  Jin.  7, 
1890.  This  patent  otfvere  certain  improvuments 
in  thrashing-machines,  and  it  ia  especially  ap- 
plicable to  the  shoe  in  which  the  aieves  or  screens 
are  tixed.  The  peculiar  movement  given  to  the 
shoe  ia  particularly  useful  in  clearing  the  sieve 
of  green  heavy  weeds  whioh  are  often  cut  and 
carried  through  the  thrashing  and  cleaning 
machinery  and  whioh  are  liable  to  olog  the 
cleaning  aieves.  By  the  peculiar  motion  de- 
signed the  weeds  are  lifted  continaoasly  and 
the  grain  allowed  to  settle  through  and  sepa- 
rate from  them. 

Windmill  Governor. — Alfred  J.  Salisbury, 
Hueneme,  Ventura  Co.  No.  418  877.  Oated 
Jan.  7,  1890.  By  means  of  a  variable  fulcrum 
and  a  series  of  weights  any  wind  may  be  util- 
ized by  the  windmill,  giving  each  velocity  of 
wind  only  such  work  as  it  can  do. 

Electrical  Indicating  AprARATUS.—Geo. 
A,  Holt,  Oikland  (Mary  £.  Holt,  administratrix 
of  said  G.  A.  Holt,  deceased).  No.  418  871. 
Dited  Jan.  7,  1890.  The  object  of  this  inven- 
tion ia  to  provide  for  the  electrical  transmisBion 
of  the  readings  or  record  of  one  indicator 
located  in  a  given  position  to  one  or  more  indi- 
cators located  or  distributed  at  convenient 
points,  whereby  the  condition  of  the  firet* 
named  indioator  may  be  readily  seen  without 
examining  it  directly.  The  invention  consists 
in  the  novel  circuit-maker  and  breaker  in  con- 
nection with  the  indicator  whose  readings  are 
to  be  transmitted,  the  novel  mechanism  of  the 
indicator  to  which  the  readings  are  transmitted, 
an  electric  circuit,  and  details  of  construction. 
This  device  maybe  used  in  connection  with  the 
indioator  of  a  ship's  log,  or,  in  fact,  any  kind  of 
indicator. 

Saw-SetTing  Machine. — Bartlett  Mclntire, 
S.  F.,  assignor  to  the  Vulcan  Iron  Works.  No. 
418.874.  Dited  Jan.  7,  1890.  This  is  a  simple 
and  effective  saw-setcing  machine  especially 
adapted   for  the   setting  of   the  teeth  of  band- 


The   Magnetism  of  Some  Metals    and 
Minerals. 

[Written  (or  the  PRF.qs  by  Mklvili.k  Attwiod.I 

The  nine  metals ulossiGed  as  **  Noble  Metals' 

are  non-maguetic  and  do  not  therefore  exert  any 

influence   on  the   magnetic   needle.     They  are 

as  follows  : 

Speclflo  gravity. 

1— Morcury 13.5 

2-Silver 10.47 

3-G..|d l!>--* 

4-fIatiuuni 21.5 

6-I'uliadiuui 11  » 

0— lUi.Klum  — 11- 

7— Iridium l**- 

8— Kuthoriaml 7. 

fl— OHQjium 10. 

Of  the  base  metals,  five  are  knowD  to  be  mag- 
netic, namely  : 


Speoillc  gravity. 

7.8 

3. 


I— Iron 

li-Niokel 

a— Cobalt S  & 

4— Chromium 6.8 

5— Uau^iinese 7. 


Notices  of  Recent  Patents. 

Among  the  patents  recently  obtained  through 
Dewey  &  Co.'b  Scientific  Press  U.  S.  and 
Foreign  Patent  Agency,  the  following  are 
worthy  of  special  mention: 

Combined  Kdler  and  Pencil -Sharpener 
John  T.  Hazlett,  8.  F.  No.  418.870.  Dated 
Jan.  7,  1890.  This  is  one  of  that  class  of  arti- 
cles in  which  a  ruler  and  pencil-sharpener  are 
combined  in  a  single  instrument  or  device.  In 
this  the  ruler  has  a  longitudinal  groove  in  its 
top  with  side  flanges,  and  a  pencil-sharpener 
seated  in  said  groove  with  its  surface  below 
the  surface  of  the  ruler,  whereby  the  side 
flanges  serve  as  guides  for  the  movement  of  the 
penoil  and  the  sliding  strips  in  said  groove  at 
each  end  of  the  ruler,  and  abutting  against  the 
ends  of  the  sharpener  for  holding  the  sharpener 
in  place. 

Discfargb  Door  for  Steam  Digesters  and 
Retorts.— P.  F.  Dundon,  S.  F.  No.  418,867. 
Dated  Jan.  7,  1890.  The  invention  relates  to  a 
drop  bottom  or  door  for  discharging  the  con- 
tents of  digesters  or  steam  tanks  which  are 
used  for  rendering  lard,  tallow,  and  other  like 
matters.  It  consists  of  a  door  or  bottom  suit- 
ably fixed  to  the  bottom  of  the  digester,  a 
lever-arm  and  a  supplemental  eccentric  lever 
for  looking  the  same,  and  the  door  when  closed, 
and  a  sorew  whioh  acts  against  the  door  to  pro- 
dace  any  desired  oompression  upon  it  after  the 


Well-Boring  Apparatus. — Europe  F.  Lit- 
tlepage,  San  Jose.  No.  418,873,  Dated  Jan. 
7,  1890.  A  casing  is  lowered  into  the  outer 
casing  of  the  well,  within  which  it  moves  easi- 
ly; a  chain  provided  with  elevator  buckets  is 
lengthened  the  desired  extent,  and  a  sutGcient 
number  of  the  lengths  of  a  ohannel-iron  guide 
are  attached  together  to  lower  the  cutters  to 
the  bottom  of  the  well.  The  chain  being  re- 
volved by  means  of  the  driving  shaft  and  gear- 
ing at  the  top,  it  causes  the  revolution  of  the 
chain-wheel  and  shaft  within  the  casing  at  the 
bottom  of  the  well.  The  cutters  are  caused  to 
continuously  excavate  the  material  beneath  the 
well'Casiug  so  as  to  allow  the  latter  to  be 
pushed  down  as  the  work  proceeds.  At  the 
same  time  the  elevator  buckets  on  the  chain 
serve  to  carry  up  all  the  material  excavated  and 
delivered  at  the  top  of  the  well,  this  operation 
continuing  as  long  as  may  be  desired. 

Metallic  Covering  for  Roofs  and  Walls, 
Henry  Anderson,  S.  F.  No.  418,860.  Dited 
Jan.  7,  1890.  This  is  an  improvement  in  cov- 
eriog  the  roofs  and  walla  of  buildings  and  con- 
sists of  narrow  strips,  which  are  nailed  upon 
the  studding  or  rafters  of  the  building,  and 
in  conjunction  with  these  of  a  series  of  over- 
lapping, flre-proof  metallic  plates  or  shingles, 
which  are  placed  upon  these  strips  and  are  in 
tarn  held  in  plaoe  by  them. 


Quicksilver  Statistics. — The  Superintend- 
enc  of  Census  has  appointed  J.  B.  Randol  of 
this  city  as  speoial  agent  of  the  Census  Oflioe 
for  the  collection  of  statiatlos  relating  to  quick' 
silver.  No  better  appointment  could  have  been 
made,  Mr.  Randol  being  thoroughly  con' 
versant  with  the  subject  and  accustomed  to 
doing  such  work — in  fact  he  has  personally  col- 
lected the  data  concerning  quicksilver  raining 
for  many  years  past,  and  hia  annual  tables  of 
production  are  considered  authoritative.  Mine 
operators  and  owners  of  works  are  assured  that 
their  answers  to  the  questions  sent  them  will 
be  held  strictly  confidential  and  the  names  or 
operations  of  individuals  will  not  be   disclosed. 

Robert  M,  Howl  AND  of  thiscity,  well  known 
in  the  mining  regions  of  the  coast,  died  at 
Lordsburg,  N.  M.,  on  Tuesday  last.  He  was 
51  years  of  age  and  came  to  the  Pacific  Slope 
from  the  State  of  New  York  33  years  ago,  and 
was  one  of  the  first  miners  in  the  White  Pine 
district  and  in  several  other  camps  of  Nevada. 

The  lumber-mills  on  Poget  Sound  have  re- 
duced their  working-time. 


To  this  number  may  albo  be  added  the 
*'  Native  Alloy  "  found  in  the  black  sand  with 
the  sea-beach  gold  at  Gold  Bluff  and  other 
places  on  the  California  and  Oregon  coast.  The 
native  alloy  occurs  in  thin  scales  of  about  1-50 
of  an  inch  in  diameter,  and  in  color  very  much 
resembles  nickel.  It  is  strongly  magnetic  and 
can  easily  be  separated  from  the  beaon  gold  and 
platinum  with  a  common  bar  magnet.  The 
specific  gravity  ia  18.  An  analysis  was  made 
with  the  following  results :  Platinum,  48; 
osmiridinm,  44;  iron,  6;  remainder  unde- 
termined. 

The  following  are  a  few  of  the  "minerals" 
known  to  exert  a  sensible  influence  upon  the 
magnetic  needle:  1st,  magnetite  (magnetic 
iron  ore);  2d,  pyrrhotite  (magnetic  pyrites);  31, 
franklinue  (zinc  ore);  4th,  almandite  (garnet); 
and  5th,  kyanite. 

1st — Magnetite,  magnetic  oxide  of  iron. 
When  pure  it  contains  72  41  per  cent  of  iron. 
It  occurs  crystallized,  massive,  and  in  a  state 
of  sand.  Chrome  iron  ore  is  sometimes  met 
with  in  a  similar  state  and  may  readily  be  mis- 
taken for  magnetic  ore,  but  it  may  be  instantly 
distinguished  from  the  latter  by  being  non- 
magnetic. Magnetite  is  the  moat  important 
of  the  ores  of  iron,  and  it  is  from  that  ore,  with 
charcoal  as  a  fuel,  that  the  finest  kinds  of  iron 
and  steel  are  produced. 

The  Russians  have  acquired  a  high  reputation 
for  a  particular  description  of  sheet  iron;  their 
mode  of  manufacture  is  kept  secret,  but  they 
are  made  from  iron  smelted  and  worked 
throughout  with  charcoal  as  the  fad. 

The  Norwegian  charcoal  blooms  (bloom — a 
lump  of  malleable  iron  hammered  nut  into  a 
solid,  more  or  less  rectangular  mass)  bring  in 
Sheffield,  England,  from  $90  to  $100  per  ton. 
The  ore  used  for  making  the  blooms  is  a  mag- 
netite, and  the  fuel  charcoal.  The  charcoal  is 
made  from  sprnoe  and  Scotch  fir.  It  takes 
upward  of  a  ton  of  charcoal  for  every  ton  pig 
iron  produced. 

The  iron  used  at  the  gold  mines  in  Brazil  is 
mostly  made  by  the  Catalan  process  from  mag- 
netites with  charcoal,  and  is  much  cheaper  and 
in  every  respect  superior  to  the  iron  used  in  our 
CiUfornian  quartz-milla, 

la  considering  the  theory  of  the  "  Catalan 
Forge  or  Blooming  Furnace  "  (although  direct 
experiment  is  required  to  settle  the  point),  it  it* 
probable  that  during  the  first  two  hours  when 
a  weak  stream  of  blast  is  found  most  advan- 
tageous to  the  process,  carbonic  oxide  is  a  prin- 
cipal result  of  th'B  smothered  combustion,  and 
this  gas  reacting  for  such  length  of  time  on  a 
pulverized  ore  effects  its  complete  deoxidation. 
The  subsequent  increase  of  temperature 
causes  the  grains  of  reduced  iron  to  agglutinate 
together,  as  in  the  puddling  process,  into  a 
bloom  capable  of  being  molded  under  the 
hammer. 

Specimens  of  Norwegian  magnetite  may  be 
seen  at  this  nffice.  They  were  selected  by  the 
late  D-vid  Forbes,  when  consulting  engineer 
to  the  Norwegian  Charcoal  Iron  Co, 

In  this  State  we  have  many  large  deposits 
of  magnetites  as  pure  as  any  found  in  Norway, 
and  near  them  abnndance  of  spruce,  nut  pine 
and  other  timber  from  which  the  best  of  char- 
coal can  be  made.  Water-power  can  also  be 
had  for  the  blast  and  for  forging,  so  that  the 
finest  kind  of  iron  can  be  made  in  this  State  at 
a  comparatively  cheap  rate,  and  with  the  ad- 
vantage of  a  home  market  for  all  that  can  be 
made. 

A  large  quantity  of  Norwegian  iron  is  now 
being  used  in  our  different  quartz-mills.  This 
is  one  of  the  industries  that  has  been  sadly 
neglected, 

NickeliferouB  pyrrhotite  is  the  ore  from 
whioh  most  of  the  nickel  of  commerce  is  ob- 
tained. It  is  strongly  magnetic,  specific  grav- 
ity from  4.50  to  4  90.  It  ia  found  in  quantity 
at  the  Oap  mine  (New  Jersey),  at  Modum,  Nor- 
way, Craigmuir  mine,  Scotland,  at  Piedmont, 
etc.  I  lately  received  some  specimens  from  t. 
large  and  newly  discovered  deposit  in  Canada. 
The  ore  was  so  strongly  magnetic  that  I  got 
Mr,  Liine,  the  lapidary,  to  cut  out  from  one  of 
the'specimens  a  piece  of  the  ore  into  the  shape 
of  a  bar  magnet  with  which  I  can  now  readily 
pick  up  iron  filings. 

Prof.  Price  has  lately  discovered  in  one  of 
the  gold  mines  he  is  working  near  Placerville 
a  considerable  quantity  of  nickel  mixed  with 
the  pvritic  matter. 

Kyanite,"    a    dense  eilioate    of  alumina, 


compass  needle  and  may   be  used  as   such,  a 
fact  little  known  but  worth  knowing. 

In  the  Mining  and  Scientific  Press,  Jan. 
21,  ISSS,  there  iaa  drawing  and  desonpcion  of 
an  '*  Kit^ctro-Magnetic  Apparatus  for  Separat- 
ing OtCB."  Ic  has  been  used  extensively  in 
freeing  the  magnetites  from  earthy  matter  and 
other  impurities. 

The  smaller  machine  with  permanent  mag- 
nets might  be  used  to  great  advantage  in  the 
milling  of  gold  <[aartz  and  silver  ores;  the 
pulp  from  the  bitteries  being  made  to  pass 
over  the  rollers  on  its  way  to  the  amalgamating 
p^tna  BO  that  any  magnetite  or  abraded  iron 
from  the  shoes  and  dies  that  might  be  in  the 
pulp  would  be  taken  out  of  it.  The  abraded 
iron  from  the  shoes  and  dies  in  a  large  mill  will 
amount  to  from  100  to  300  pounds  per  day,  ac- 
cording to  the  hardness  of  the  veinstone. 

It  frequently  happens  that  in  copper  mines  a 
large  quantity  of  zincblende  is  mixed  with  the 
yellow  ore,  rendering  both  nearly  valueless,  as 
they  cannot  be  separated  by  dressing,  but  if 
both  are  crushed  fine  and  dressed  together  and 
afterward  carefully  calcined,  and  the  calcined 
ore  passed  over  the  magnetic  rollers,  the  cop- 
per will  be  separated  and  the  zinc  may  be  dis- 
tilled without  ioj  uring  the  retorts — so  that 
both  ores  may  by  that  simple  means  be  made 
valuable. 

In  1867  David  Forbes  gave  me  a  small  "  dip- 
ping needle  "of  tne  same  pattern  as  then  used 
by  the  Norwegian  mining  engineers  for  tracing 
their  magnetic  iron  deposits,  which  are  some- 
times covered  to  a  considerable  depth  with 
earthy  matter. 

A  large-sized  instrument  after  the  same  pat- 
tern, with  a  movable  graduated  circle  attached 
to  it,  could  be  used  in  the  examination  of  large 
cast  and  wrought  iron  shaftings.  By  simply 
passing  it  along  the  face  of  the  shaft  it  would 
show  if  there  was  any  defect  In  the  casting  of 
the  former  or  welding  of  the  latter. 


Meetings  and  Elections. 


San  Franctsco  Stock  and  Exchange  Board, 
Jan.  14.  —  President,  W.  £.  N.)rwood;  vice-presi- 
dent, Walter  Tiirnbull;  treasurer.  Geo.  T.  Marye; 
chairman,  O.  V.  Walker,  and  secretary,  Fred  W. 
Hadley;  Commitiee  on  Membership— George  C. 
Hickox,  T.  T.  Atkinson,  W.  Edwards,  J.  B.  Dyer, 
C.  D.  Laing.  Charles  E,  Anderson  and  Charles  H. 
Stoutenborough. 

PACirrc  Stock.  Board,  Jan.  14.— Robert  G. 
Horn,  president;  Stephen  Oiis,  vice-president;  R.  C. 
Tobin,  treasurer;  Frank  Moroney,  secretary;  J.  B. 
Bourne,  Caller,  and  W.  H.  Wiight,  W.  S.  Taylor 
and   T.  McGinnis,  Executive  Committee. 

Silver  King  M.  Co.,  Jan.  14.— Directors— C. 
H.  Fish,  H.  H.  Noble,  W.  S.  Lyle.  Geo.  E.  Grey 
and  E.  A.  liirney.  Lawyer  Crittenden  submitted  a 
resolution  condemning  the  action  of  the  directors  in 
appointing  a  manager  at  a  sa'ary  of  $200  a  month, 
as  contrary  to  law  and  the  interests  of  the  stock- 
holders. Upon  being  put  (o  the  vote,  the  resolution 
was  voted  down. 

The  Pioneer  Business  Association  of  Alaska 
has  perfected  its  organ  z  uion  and  elected  the  fol- 
lowing permanent  officers:  John  F.  McGovern  of 
Towrispnd,  McGovern  &  Co.,  president;  R.  A,  Wil- 
son of  Sisson.  Crocker  &  Co.,  vice-president;  R.  B. 
Kittredge  of  Neville  &  Co.,  secretary;  Leon  Maison 
of  George  W.  Hume  &  Co.,  treasurer.  The  associ- 
ation has  also  decided  to  instruct  Miner  W.  Bruce, 
the  Eastern  representative  of  the  organizition,  to 
take  steps  toward  securing  the  appointment  of  a 
Fish  Commission  for  Alaska. 

Silver  King  M.  Co.,  fan.  15. — H.  M.  Noble, 
president;  Geurge  E.  Gray,  vice-president;  Aug. 
Waterman,  secreiary. 

Sierra  Nevada  M.  Co..  Tan.  15.— Charles  H. 
Fish,  president;  A.  W.  Havens,  vice-president, 
and  Con  O'Connor,  C.  Hirschfeld  and  Herman 
Zidig,  trustees.  E.  L.  Pirker  was  reelected  sec- 
retary and  D.  B.  Lyman,  superintendent.  The 
secretary's  financial  report  showed  a  credit  of  $26,- 

Appreciative. 

The  Mining  and  Scientific  Press,  the  stur- 
dy friend  and  advucate  ot  the  minmg  interests 
of  the  coast,  has  entered  upon  a  new  volume. 
The  Fres.s  has  done  much  lor  the  interest  it 
advocates  and  no  miner  should  allow  himself 
to  be  without  it. —  Trinity  Journal, 

The  Sin  Francisco  Mining  and  Scientific 
Frbss,  the  oldest  nnd  bettt  paper  known  to  us, 
has  completed  its  59 ih  volume. — Prescott  {A.  T.) 
Courier. 

Complimentary  Samples. 

Persons  receiving  this  paper  marked  are  re- 
quested to  examine  its  contents,  terms  of  sub- 
scription, and  give  it  their  own  patronage,  and, 
as  far  as  practicable,  aid  in  circulating  the 
journal,  and  making  its  value  more  widely 
known  to  others,  and  extending  its  influence  in 
the  cause  it  faithfully  serves.  Subscription 
rate,  $3.00  a  year.  Extra  copies  mailed  for  10 
oents,  if  ordered  soon  enough.  If  already  a 
subscriber,  please  show  the  paper  to  others. 


pird    250 
whe^fuBpended"on7n  Ixisrwill  behave  like  i   companies  employ  from  200  to  75  men  each, 


An  Army  of  Miners. — A  total  of  6175  men 
are  employed  in  the  mines  in  and  about  the 
vicinity  of  Butte  City,  Montana.  The  Decem- 
ber pay  rolln  of  mineu  in  that  vicinity  footed  up 
a  total  of  SE617,500.  The  Anaconda  employs 
3000  men  and  pays  out  monthly  $300,000  for 
employee'  wages.  The  Boston  &  Montana  and 
Butte  &  Boston  Companies  have  a  total  of  1600 
employes  on  their  pay-rolls.  The  Parrott  em- 
ploys 400  miners  and  th6  Colorado  and  Blue 
~     "        "    and    300    resoectively.     The  other 


48 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press, 


[Jan,  18,  1890 


-£L>     HXJ  ixn7i  i>a"C3rT?o  3xr, 


.  MANUFACTURE  K    OP  - 


CENTRIFUGAL  ROLLER  QUARTZ  MILLS, 

Concentrators  and  Ore  Crushers, 
Mining  Macliinery  of  Every  Description.        Steam  Engines  and  Shingle  Machines. 

SEND    FOR    CIRCULAR. 

Centrlfneal  K"ll«i-  Qnartji  Mill.  S13       IE'IUST      JSTHTm:'!',  ^'-^^^T      "^'Ft-.A-TSTCHSCO,       CA-Xj. 


FRISBEE  WET  MILL. 

This  Mill,  with  a  weight  of  less  than  9000  pounds, 
has  a  capacity  of  three  tons  per  hour  of  hard 
quartz  to  40  mesh ;  has  been  thoroughly- 
tested  ;  we  guarantee  its  work  as 
represented,  and  we  will  give 
long  time   trial. 


IT    HAS  NO  MORE  WEARING  PARTS  THAN  CORNISH  ROLLS 

And  renewals  will  not  cost  over  one-half  as  much  as  for  Btampa.  Will  run  empty,  or  with  small 
amount  of  ore  without  injury.  The  attention  of  parties  having  Cement  Grravel  is  called  to  thi^ 
Mill,  as  it  will  run  100  tons  per  day  to  No.  8  mesh;  30  to  35  H.  P. 

OUR  DRY  MILLS  are  the  most  economioal  ever  built,  and  are  extensively  used  with 
record  of  several  years.    No  grinding  in  Dana.    Mill  finishes  to  any  fineness  desired. 

FRISBEE-LUCOP  MILL  COMPANY. 

GIDEON  FRISBEE,  Manager,        -        -       59  &  61  First  Street,  San  Francisco 
HOOKER  &  LAWRENCE.  Gen'l  Aa'tt.  145  Broadway.  New  York. 


Warehouse,    15   PARK   ROW,   NEW  YORK, 

The  Oldest  and  Largest  Manufacturers  in  the  United  States  of 

VULCANIZED  RUBBER  FABRICS 

Solid    Vulcanite  Adapted  to  Meclianlcal  Purposes.  EXTRA    RUBBER 

EMERY  WHEELS.      X°^^^  ^^'■"'""^_?.olL^  "^^^ 

Large  Wheels  made  on  Iron  f,  ,,ivA™-v_«™il\A  Mining   PurpOSeS. 

Circular  woven  Seamless  Antiseptic 
Rubber  Linkd  "Cable"  Hose  and 
Te 8T  Hose  f-v  the  upe  of  Steam  EngineB, 
Force  Pumps.RoUiog Mills,  Ironworks, 
Factoriea,  etc. 


Guts  Cooler  and  Freer 

THAN  ANT  OTHER  WHEEL 
IN  THE  MARKET 

rr 


Emery  Vulcanite  Wheel. 


ARNETT  &   RIVERS, 

17  and   19   MAIN  ST.,       SAN    FRANCISCO.       Extra  steam  Hose. 


PERFECT  PULLEYS 

First  Premium  Awarded  at  Mechanics*   Fair,    1884. 

Sole  Licensed  Manufacturers  ol  the 

MEDART    PATENT    WROUGHT    BIM    PULLEY 

For  the  States  of  California,  Oregon  and  Nevada,  and  the  Territories  of  Idaho,  Washington 

Montana,  Wyoming,  Utah  and  Arizona.     Lightest,  Strongest,  Cheapest  and 

Best  Balanced  Pulley  in  the  World.     Also  Manufacturers  of 

PAT.  ooT.  26,  X881.         SHAFTING,    HANGERS    AND    APPURTENANCES, 

jST  SSOT)  tor  CIRCUI.AR8  AND  PRIOB  LlST,*^ 

tfoe.  129  and  181  FBBMONT  STBEIBT  SAN    FRANOIBOO.  OAL. 


Vulcan  Iron  "Works, 


135-145  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


mil 


!  stamp    Batteries,    Pans   and   Settlers, 
"Dodge,"  and  Improved  Blake,  Rock-Breakers, 
"Dodge"  Pulverizers,  Slime  Machines,  etc. 

AERIAL  WIRE  ROPEWAYS. 

(VULOAN    PATENT    SYSTEM.) 

The  cheapest  and  most  reliable  form  of  Transportation  of  Ocg,  Coal,  eto.     Saves   foar>fifth8 
of  the  cost  by  any  other  method, 

SAW-MILL  )  (      CORLISS, 

REFRIGERATING  }  MACHINERY.     STEAM  ENGINES  {  Meyer  Cut-off, 
CABLE-ROAD       )  (    Slide  Valve. 

SPECIAL  MACHINERY  TO  ORDER. 

SHAVTING, 

''''b"x«\  repair  work  solicited. 

HANOERS,  eto. 


AT-ES      ILJIOnXTE! 


BY    USING 


WATER  POWER  TRANSMITTED  BY  ELECTRICITY 

To  Run  your   Mills,   Hoists   and   Trams. 

For  Circalar  giving  particulars  send  to 

KEITH    ELECTRIC    CO.. 


■  MANnFAOTUBEBS   OF  — 


Apparatus  for  Electric  Light  and  Electric  Power, 


OFFICE,  40  NEVADA  BLOCK, 


Factory,  Stevenson  St.,  bet.  First  and  Ecker, 


SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 


X888.  X888. 

CATALOGUE    OP   200    PAGES. 


The  matter  is  readily 
available. — Tradesmati. 

A  Complete  Work, — 
Colliery  Enginee-r. 

Handy  for  reference. — 
Min.  and  Sci.  Press. 

Should  be  in  the  hands 
of  every  Engineer  and 
Contra'^t'ir.—  Eng.  and 
Mill.  Journal. 

A  valuable  addition  to 
the  literature  on  the 
mbject. — Eng.  and  B'l'g 
Rcc&i'd. 


A  TRE&TISE  AND  HANDBOOK  ON 

ROCK  DRILLING 

AIR  COMPRESSING 

Mailed  Free. 


23  Park  Place,  New  York 


In  reality  a  hand- 
book.— Am.  Man'fact'r. 

Supplien  a  lon^  felt 
want. — Man'/rs"  Jiecord, 

This  Catalogue  is  one 
of  unusual  interest  and 
value.— it  M,  Gazette. 

This  is  a  thoroughly 
good  publication. — E^' 
gineering  News. 

The  useful  information 
will  be  found  specially 
viluable,  —  Eng,  and 
B'l'g  Record. 


60I.B  AQBNT  FOR 


AlaiaiDiie  Sloes,  Bifis  and  H.  D.  MORRIS, 

LRBSHEE  PLATES,      220  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco, 

MANUFACTURERS'  M  PURCHASINU  ACEST, 


Chrome   Oast   Steel  for 
Bock  Drills,  Etc. 


ADAMANTINB. 


Special  attentir^  given  to  purchase  of 

MINE  and  MILL  SUPPLIES. 

>AMANTINE  SHOES  AND   DXES.— Guar 
d   to  prove  'better  and  cheaper  than  any  others 
x,.^v,.'B  solicited,  subject  to  above  conditions. 

H.  D.  MOBBia. 


Jan.  18,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


49 


AMALCftMATINC  MACHINERY. 

stamp  Mills  lor  Wet  or  Orf  Crushing. 
Huntington  CentrKugil  Quartz  Mill.  Drying 
Cylinders.  Amalgamating  Pans,  Settlers, 
Agitators  and  Concentrators.  Retorts,  Bul- 
lion and  IngotMoulds, Conveyors.  Elevators, 
Bruckners  and  Howell's  Improved  White's 
Roasting  Furnaces,  Etc. 


FRASER  &  CHALMERS, 

MINING  MACHINERY 


IMPROVED  CORLISS  vA^^v'^ElVifM  ENGINES.     -X*     BOILERS 


CONCENTRATING  MACHINERY. 

Blake.  Dodgeand  Comet  Crushers,  Cornish 
Crushing  and  Finishing  Rolls, HarlzPlunger 
and  Collom  Jigs.  Frue  Vanner  &  Embrey 
Concentrators,  Evans*.  Calumet,  Collom's 
and  Rittenger's  Slime  Tal)les.  Trommels, 
Wire  Cloth  and  Punched  Plates.  Ore  Sam* 
pie   Grinders  and  Heberle  Mills. 


HORIZONTAL.    VERTICAL 
.  .  .  AND  SECTIONAL 


:XIMC^I^OV^D     mitrnM^WL     S^^^kHSIPS 


Hoisting  Engines, 
Safety  Cages, 

Safety  Hooks, 

Ore  CARS,  Water  &  Ore 
BUCKETS, 

Air  Compressors, 

Rock  Drills,  Etc. 

GENERAL  MILL  AND 
MINING  SUPPLIES,  ETC. 
Sectional  Machinery 

FOR 

MULE-BACK 

TRANSPORTATION. 


General  Offices  and  Works: 

BRANCH  OFFICES;  '^Vv^'^s^J^iTsZ" 

Oalie  de  Juarez.        LIMA,  PERU,  South  America. 
SOLW    WESTERN    AQBNT8    FOB 


Pumping  Engines 

and  Cornish 

Pumping  Machinery, 

IMPROVED 
WATER    JACKET 

Blast  Furnaces  for 
Calena&  Copper  Ores, 

SLAG  CARS  AND  POTS, 

Roots  &  Baker 
Pressure  Blowers, 

SUSPENDED 

TRAMWAYS. 

FULTON  AND   UNION   STS.,   CHICAGO,    ILL.| 

,  No.  2  Wall  St.        DENVER,  COLO.,   1316  Eighteenth  St.       SALT  LAKE   CITY,  UTAH,} 
St.       LONDON,  ENC,  23   Bucklersbury,  E.  C.       CHIHUAHUA  CITY,    MEXICO,  No.  I  I 
JOHANNESBURG.  TRANSVAAL,  South  Africa. 

TYLER    WIBffi    WORKS    D  IDBLB    OBIMPBD    MINING    CLOTHS. 


THE     PELTON     WATER     "WHEEL 

GIVES    THE    HIGHEST    EFFICIENCY    OF    ANY    WHEEL    IN     THE    WORLD. 


/hi^^^ 


OVER  800  ALREADY  IN  USE. 

Affords  the  Most  Simple  and  Keliable  Power  for  all 

Mining   and   Manufaoturing   Machinery. 
Adapted  to  heads  running  from  20  up  to  2.000  feet. 
From  12  to  20  per  cent  loetter  results  guaranteed  than 

can  be  produced  from  any  other  Wheel  in  the  Country 

ELECTRIC  TRANSMISSION. 

Power  from  these  Wheels  can  be  transmitted  long 
distances  with  small  loss,  and  is  now  extensively  used  in 
all  parts  of  the  country  for  generating  both  power  and 
light. 

APPLIOATIONS 

Should  state  amount,  and  head  of  water,  power  required, 
and  for  what  purpose  j  with  approximate  length  of  pipe  ; 
also,  whether  the  application  i<i  with  reference  to  Wheels 
or  Motors  described  below.     SEND  FOR  CIRCULARS 

The  Pelton  Water  Wheel  Co. 

121  HAIK  ST.,  SA.N  FKANCISCO,  CAL. 


oivr    '^7^J!l.tis;:e^     :si/!£cyrcoFLf3, 


Varying  from  the  fraotion  of  1  up  to  15  and  20-horae  power.     Unequaled   fnr   all   light-runninsr   machinery.     Warranted  to  develoo  a  given 
amount  of  power  with  one-half  the  water  required  by  any  other.     63"  SEND  FOR  MOTOR  CIRCULAR.     ADDRESS  AS  ABOVE  "^ 


JAMBS    LBFFBL'S 

Mining  Turbine  Water  Wheel. 

These  Wheels  kre  designed  for  all  purposes  where  limited  quantities  of  water  and 
high  heads  are  utilized,  and  are  guaranteed  to  give  more  power  with  lessVater  than 
any  other  wheel  made.  Beins:  placed  on  horizontal  shaft,  the  power 'is  transmitted 
direct  to  shafting  by  belts,  dispensing  with  gearing. 

Estimates  furnished  on  application  for  wheels  specially  built  and  adapted  In 
capacity  to  suit  ftny  particular  case. 

Further  information  can  be  obtained  of  this  form  of  construction,  as  well  as  the 
ordinary  Vertical  Turbines  for  Wooden  Penstocks  and  In  Iron  Globe  Cases,  free  of  coetj 
by  applying  to  the  manufacturers. 

JAMES    LEFFEL    & 


Springfield,  Ohio, 


CO., 

or  110  liberty  St.,  New  York, 


FRASER    &    OHALMER^,  General  Agents, 

Ohlcaso,  111.,  and  Denver.  CoL 

PARKE    A    LACY,  General  Agents.  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


CALIFORNIA    IRON  YARD. 

HBNRT  J.  ROGERS  &  CO. 

Successors  to  CHA3.  CALLAHAN 
IMPORTERS  AND  DEALBES  IN 

CAST  and  WROUGHT  IRON  SCRAP 

SBCOND-HAND     BOII.i;RS 

AND  OI.D  MACHIMERT 

Of  every  deaorlption. 

Tie  Higlest  Price  pail  [or  all  ilMs  ol  Metals, 

Office  and  Yahd:    128  and  130  Folsom  St.,  S.  F 

Telephone  No.  87. 


FOR  SALE 

'   Hydraulic  Mining  Property  in  Souihern  Oregon.   Good, 
Estenslre.     For  patticuUts  (Piincipals  only)  address, 

"A.  M.,"   Box  77, 

Qrants  Pass,  Oregon, 


THOMAS  PRICE  &  SON, 

Assay  Oflace,  Chemical  Laboratory, 

BULLION  ROOMS  and  ORE  FLOORS, 

524  Sacramento  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

COIN  RETURNS  ON  ALL  BULLION  DEPOSITS  IN  24  HOURS. 

WORKING    TESTS    OF    ORES    BY    ALL    PROCESSES. 

SPECIAL  ATTENTION  PAID  TO  CONCENTRATION  OF  ORES. 

Ores  Beceived  on  Oonsignment,  Sampled,  Assayed,  and  Disposed 

of  in  the  Open  Market  to  the  Highest  Bidder. 


(Aetalllirgy  apd  Ore3. 


SELBY 

SMELTING  and  LEAD  CO.. 

416  Montg^omery  St.,  San  FranciBco. 

GOLD    AND    SILVER    REFINERY 
And  Assay  Office. 

Highest  Prices  Paid  for  Gold,  Silver  and 
Lead  Ores  and  Snlphnrets. 

HUiUFACTURIRS  0F..» 

BLUESTONE. 

LEAD  PIPE, 

SHEET  LEAD, 

SHOT,  Etc.,  Etc. 

ALSO  UAJlDFACTUilKRS    OF 

Standard    Shot-Gun    Cartridges, 

Under  Chamberlio  Patent. 


JOHN  TAYLOR  &  CO.. 

IMPOHTBRB   AND   DHALSR8   IN 

ASSAYERS'    MATERIALS,    MINE 
AND  MILL  SUPPLIES, 

ALSO  CHEMICALS.   AND    PHYSICAL,  SCHOOL    AND 

CHEMICAL  APPARATUS. 
6ff  &  65  First  St.,  cor.  Mlsslon^San  Franoisoo. 
^yp^      We  would  call  the  attention  of       -r-       -^^ 
1    (      Asaayers,  Chemists,  Mining  Com-  <SLM-C-g^3/ 
paniea,  Milling  Companies,  Pros-    ^SKVTERSE^ 
pectora,  eto.,  to  our  full  stock  of      V^-— -::? 
Balances,   Furnaces,    MufBes,  Crucibles,    Soori- 
6ere,    etc.,    including,    also,  a    full     stock     ol 
Chemicals. 

Having  been  engaged  in  furnishing  these  sup- 
plies slno>  the  ust  discovery  of  mines  on  the 
Paci&c  Coast,  we  feel  confident  from  our  experi- 
ence we  can  well  suit  the  demand  for  these 
goods,  both  as  to  quality  and  price. 

Agents  for  the  Morgan  Crucible  Co., 
BUtersea,  England.  Also  for  E,  O.  Uenuis- 
ton's  Silver  Plated  Amalgam  Plates.  The  plates 
of  this  well-known  manufacturer  are  thorough'y  relia- 
ble, and  full  weight  of  Silver  guaranteed.  Orde-s  taken 
at  bifl  lowest  prices.  Our  Illustrated  Catalogue  and  As- 
say Tables  sent  free  on  Application. 

JOHN  TAYLOR  fy  OO. 


Nevada  Metallurgical  Works, 

NO.  28  STEVENSON  STREET, 

Near  First  and  Market  Streets,  S.  F. 

0.  A.  LncEBARDT,  Manager.  Establibhbd  ISN 

Ores  worked  by  any  ProoeBe, 
Ores  Sampled, 

Assaying  in  all  its  Branches, 
Analyses  of  Ores,  Minerals,  Waters,  eto. 
Working  Tests  (practical)  Made, 
Flans   and   Specifications   furnished   for  the 
most  suitable  Process  for  Working  Ores. 

Special  attention  paid   to  Examinations   of 
Mines;  Plana  and  Reports  furnished, 

O.  A.  LUCKHABDT  &  CO., 
(Formerly  Huhn  &  Luokhardt, 
MlnlnjT  EnRlneers  and  Metanurorlsts 


J.  BUBTBL. 


-k 


METALLURGICAL     WORKS. 

S18  Pine  St.  (Basement,, 


Corner  of  IfOldesdorfl  Street, 


SAN  FKANOISCO 


Ores  Sampled  and  Assayed,  and  Tests  made  by  my 
Process. 
Assaying  and  Analysis  of  Ores,  Minerals  and  Waters. 
Mines  £^amined  and  Reported  on. 
Practical  Instruction  given  in  Treating  Ores  by  Im- 
proved prooefises. 

G.  KUSTEL  &  CO.. 
Mining  Engineers  and  Uetallurdsts. 


GREAT    REDUCTION! 
BATTERY~~SOREENS. 

Best  and  Cheapest  in  America. 

No  imitation,  no  deception,  no  planished  or  rotten 
Iron  used.  Only  genuine  Russia  iron  in  Quartz  Screens. 
Planished  Iron  screens  at  nearly  half  my  former  rates. 

I  hate  a  large  supply  of  Battery  Screens  on  hand 
suitable  for  the  Huntington  and  all  Stamp  Mills,  which  I 
will  Bell  at  20  per  ^ent  discount. 


PtRFORATED  SHEET  METAL 

For  Flour  and  Rice  Mills,  Grain  Separators,  Revolving 
and  Shot  Screens,  Stamp  Batteries  and  all  kinds  of  Min 
ihg  and  Milling  Machinery.  Iron,  Steel,  Copper,  Brass. 
Zinc  and  other  metals  punched  for  all  uses. 

Inventor  and  Manufacturer  of  the  celebrated  Slot  Cut 
or  burred  and  Slot  Punched  screens. 

Mining  Screens  a  specialty,  from  No.  1  to  16  (flnej. 
Orders  promptly  attended  to. 

San  Francisco  Pioneer  Screen  Works, 

SI  &  323  First  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

JOHN  MSr.  QUICK,  Proprietor. 


TblB  paper  l3  printed  with  lnl£  Manufac- 
tured by  Charles  Eneu  Johnson  &  Co..  600 
South  10th  St.,  Philadelphia.  Branch  Offl- 
oes— 47  Rose  St.,  New  York,  and  40  La  Salle 
St.,  Ohicaso.  Asent  for  the  Pacific  Ooastr- 
Joaepb  Hi  Dorety.  sao  Oommerclal  St.  t  S  F 


50 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Jan.  18,  1890 


H^A^KET   :KePORTS. 


Local  Markets. 

San  Francisco,  Jan.  i6,  1890, 
Clear  weather  the  fore  part  of  the  week  encouraged 
the  trade  in  the  opinion  that  distributive  trade 
would  soon  set  in,  but  this  has  been  dispelled  by 
heavy  rains  at  the  close.  Although  merchants, 
manufacturers,  and  business  men  in  general  are 
discouraged  over  the  present  situation,  yet  they  look 
forward  to  a  more  prosperous  year  than  enjoyed  for 
several  years  past. 

Money  is  growing  easier,  with  the  general  impres- 
sion in  fioancial  circles  that  there  will  be  more  ease 
within  a  short  time  than  at  any  time  in  last  year. 

The  uncertainty  regarding  what  action  Congress 
will  take  on  the  silver  question  is  at  present  a  dis- 
turbing element  in  the  silver  market,  which  veiy 
naturally  has  its  effect  on  silver  mining, 

MEXICAN  DOLLARS— Liberal  stocks  and  a 
light  demand  cause  a  weak  tone.  With  the  spring 
months  a  freer  demand  is  looked  for.  The  market 
has  held  fairly  steady  at  75  ^©76  throughout  the 
week. 

Mexican  dollars  closed  to-day  dull  at  76  J^  cts. 
asked  from  first  hands. 

SILVER— In  the  local  market  prices  have  ruled 
at  New  York  prices,  owing  to  a  light  export  demand. 
The  Mint  is  in  the  market  and  cleans  up  supplies 
fairly  well.  Yesterday  (Wednesday)  the  market 
moved  up  to  97  cents  in  sympathy  with  an  advance 
in  New  York  and  also  abroad.  Higher  prices  for 
silver  were  generally  based  upon  the  influences  here- 
tofore given  in  these  columns.  It  is  reported  by 
telegraph  that  Secretary  Windom  is  drawing  up  a 
bill  based  on  his  last  report  to  Congress  on  the  sil- 
ver situation.  It  is  claimed  that  he  will  make  a  few 
well-timed  changes  with  a  view  of  making  his  posi- 
tioQ  still  more  acceptable  to  both  mono-metaiiists 
and  bimetallists.  It  is  asserted  that  the  latter  are 
drawing  more  closely  together  in  favor  of  free  coin- 
age of  silver,  and  failing  to  get  it  this  session  of 
Congress  will  insist  on  the  monthly  purchases  of 
silver  being  increased  to  $4,000,000. 

Cables  came  through  to-day  quoting  silver  in 
London  strong  at  44 5:^  d.  On  this  basis,  with  to- 
day's prices  for  sterimg  exchange,  our  market  ought 
to  be  very  near  98  cents.  Export  buyers  quote 
97  J^  cents. 

QUICKSILVER— Th.e  market  is  quiet  at  quota- 
tions. Receipts  the  past  week  aggregate  146  flasks, 
and  exports  by  sea  218  flasks  to  Mexico. 

BORAX— Receipts  the  past  week  aggregate  300 
ells,  and  exports  by  sea  25.745  lbs.  to  New  York. 
The  market  is  steady,  with  a  continued  free  demand 
from  the  East 

.  LIME— Receipts  the  past  week  aggregate  2586 
bbls.,  and  exports  by  sea  350  bbls,  to  Honolulu. 
The  market  is  quiet  at  steady  prices. 

LEAD — The  market  is  reported  essentially  un- 
changed. Thei-e  is  no  denying  but  that  there  is  an 
uneasy  feeling  in  the  market  due  largely  to  the  un- 
certainty regarding  congressional  action  in  Mexican 
lead  ores.  A  leading  New  York  paper  says  that 
the  administration  is  quietly  at  work  furthering  our 
trade  relations  with  Mexico.  That  country,  in  re- 
turn for  the  simple  establishment  of  a  liberal  policy 
toward  her  lead-ore  product,  is  willing  to  open  ex- 
ceptional privileges  to  this  country  for  her  manu- 
factured products  of  iron,  steel,  textiles  and  other 
articles  in  the  long  list  of  exports  of  the  United 
States.  This  Government  could  afford  to  pay  a 
bounty  to  the  lead  as  proposed  for  the  sugar  pro- 
ducers, rather  than  have  this  single  item  interfere 
with  the  enormous  trade  which  the  United  States 
would  thus  acquire  with  Mexico.  And  without 
some  such  evidence  of  friendly  and  reciprocal  action 
the  market  which  should  be  opened  to  the  United 
States  will  continue  to  be  controlled  and  occupied 
by  Great  Britain  and  even  Germany. 

TIN — For  spot  the  market  is  dull  and  heavy. 
Sales  from  second  hand  of  B.  V.  plate  are  reported 
at  $4.90,  and  of  pig  at  0.2%  and  22j^c.  The  En- 
glish market  for  pig  is  weak  under  continued  selling 
pressing.  Imports  the  past  week  aggregate  33,380 
boxes  of  plate.  English  cables  report  tin  plate 
strong  and  active  at  a  sUght  advance. 

IRON— The  local  market  is  reported  strong  at 
full  prices,  but  the  demand  is  still  slow.  The  East- 
ern and  European  markets  continue  to  be  reported 
active  and  strong  under  free  consumption.  The 
impression  prevails  at  the  E^st  that  there  will  be 
continued  activity  in  the  market  for  some  time  to 
come. 

COPPER — The  market  has  held  to  strong  prices 
throughout  the  week.  Late  London  cables  to  the 
Iron  Age  report  as  follows:  Copper  has  ruled 
strong  on  the  support  of  good  demand  for  consump- 
tion and  large  speculative  purchases.  Merchant  Bar 
selling  up  10  ,^51  17s  6d.  Stocks  decreased  in 
December  aboui  9000  tons,  the  greater  portion  of 
which  represents  sales  by  bankers  holding  the  late 
syndicate's  stock.  It  is  calculated  that  French 
financiers  have  sold  during  the  past  nine  months  6g,- 
000  tons.  The  stock  of  Anaconda  matte  is  now 
about  25,000  tons.  About  460  tons  were  withdrawn 
from  stores  in  December.  I'he  importations  of  this 
material  into  England  last  year  were  19,000  tons. 
A  sale  has  been  made  of  1000  tons  argentiferous 
Anaconda  matte  at  los  6d.  The  stock  of  copper 
decreased  last  month  2500  tons,  and  the  visible  sup- 
ply 1200  tons.  The  total  supplies  received  in  1889 
were  13,000  tons  less  and  the  deliveries  49.000  tons 
greater  than  during  the  previous  year. 

COAL — Imports  the  past  week  aggregate  as  fol- 
lows: From  Newcastle,  N.  S.  W. ,  9749  tons;  Ta- 
coma,  2200;  Coos  Bay,  1965;  Seattle,  514;  Depart- 
ure Bay,  2300;  overland,  30;  total,  4558  tons.  The 
consumptive  demand  continues  exceedingly  heavy, 
and  had  it  not  been  for  the  large  spot  supplies, 
prices  would  be  higher.  While  agents  for  coast 
coals  and  importers  of  foreign  are  bullish  in  their 
talk,  large  dealers  and  consumers  are  offish  and  will 
not  anticipate  their  ^ants  to  any  extent  except  at 
concessions.  As  heretofore  stated,  the  large  output 
of  the  coast  coUieries  is  an  important  factor  in  keep- 
ing prices  down. 


Eastern  Metal  Markets. 

By  T6legrai)h. 

New  York,  Jan.    16,    i8go. — 'The  following  are 
the  closing  prices  the  past  week: 
Silver  in    Silver  in 


London. 

New  York 

Copper. 

Lead. 

Tin. 

Thured»y....4« 

mi 

814  60 

S3  87, 

SSO  80 

Friday 448 

mi 

14  60 

3  87, 

20  65 

Saturday 44§ 

96J 

14  50 

3  87 

20  46 

Monday 44i 

flSi 

14  60 

3  87; 

20  60 

Tuesday 44^ 

96S 

14  60 

3  87 

20  46 

Wednesday..  44f 

97 

14  45 

3  874 

20  45 

New  York,  Jan.  15  — Borax  is  without  essential 
change.  Quicksilver  is  dull  but  fairly  steady.  Tin 
has  shaded  off  slightly  under  realizing  sales  abroad. 
Copper  quiet  and  firm.  Lake  ingot  advanced  to 
i43^c.;  spot.  i4^@i4Kc.  Futures  helped  specu- 
lators. Arizona,  i3^c;  casting,  13c;  London  cable, 
5o@5Tc  per  lb.  spot.  The  market  is  a  trifle  easier. 
Pig  lead,  3%  c.  There  was  no  important  trade  in 
futures.' 


MINING    SHAREHOLDERS'    DIRECTORY. 

COMPILBD  BVERY  THURBDAT    FROM  ADVERnSKMENTB  IH  THE  MiNINO  AND  SOIHNTIFIC  PftB8B  AND  OTHER  S.  P.    J0DRNAL8 

ASSESSMENTS. 


San  JPrancisco  Metal  Market. 

WHOLESALE. 

Thursday,  January  16, 1890. 

I  Antimony — 25  @  — 

BORAX—Refincd,  in  carload  lota 7@  7 

Powdered  "         "       "    7  @ 

Concentrated      "         "       "    62@  — 

All  grades  jobbing  at  an  advance. 

COPPKR— 

Bolt 21  &  22 

Sheathing 22  @  24 

Ingot,  jobbing ^'  @  ^8 

do,  wholesale 15  @  16 

Fire  Box  Sheets 22  (o)  24 

Lead— Pig 4@  4 

Bar S  @  — 

Sheet 7@  — 

Pipe 6  @  — 

Shot,  discount  10%  on  500  baga     Drop,  $  bag.  1  45  (<$  — 

Buck,  ^bag 1  65  @  — 

drilled,  do 1  85  @  — 

Steel— English,  a 16  @  20 

Canton  tool 9(^  9 

Black  Diamond  tool 9  ®  9 

Pick  and  Hammer 8  @  10 

Machinery 4@  5 

Toe  Calk 4i@  — 

TiNPLATK— B.  v.,  steel  grade.  14x20,  P.  S 5  50  @  — 

B.  v.,  steel  grade,  14x20,  spot 4  90  @  5  00 

Charcoal,  14x20 6  75  {a  7  00 

do  roofing,  14x20 &  m  (fib  — 

do,  do,  20x28 12  00  @  — 

Pig  tin,  spot,  ^  fi) 22  (01  22i 

Coke— Eng.,  ton,  spot,  in  blk 13  50  tai5  00 

Do,  do,  to  load IH  OU  @  — 

QuiOKaiLVKB— fiythetlask. 47  00  to47  50 

Flasks,  new @  — 

Flasfea,  old    35  M 

Chrome  Iron  Ore,  ^  ton 10  ^0@ 

Iron— Bar,  base 

Norway,  base 


Spot. 

Iron— Glengarnock  ton 35  00  @ 

Eglinton,  ton 35  00  ^ 

American  Soft,  No,  1,  ton,. @35  00 

Oregon  Pig,  ton @35  00 

Puget  Sound 35  00  @ 

Uliiy  Lane  White (928  00 

Shotts,  No.l 35  00  C<*35  00 

"Bar  Iron  (base  price)  ^  lb . . .      —  @      — 

Langloan  35  00  @ 

Thovnclifife 35  00  @ 

Gartsherrle 35  00  @ 


3  @       3i 

(Se       6} 

To  Load. 

34  @  - 

32i(0.  - 

321@  - 

—  @  — 

27  i  - 

32}@  - 

34  (8  - 

34  (a  - 

34  a- 

Lumber. 


Pine.  Fir  and  Spruce. 

RRTAIL. 

Rough  Pine,  merchantable,  40  ft $20  oo 

41  to  50  ft 21  00 

51  to  60  ft 23  00 

61  to  70  ft 27  00 

1x3,  fencingr 22  00 

1x4,       "       21  00 

1x3, 1x4  and  1x6,  odd  lenertha 19  00 

Second  quality 17  00 

Selected 24  00 

Clear,  except  for  flooring 31  00 

i-lear  for  floorioff 2  00 

Clear  V.  G.  No.  1  flooring 6  00 

Firewood 14  00 

Dressed. Pine,  floooring,  No.  1, 1x6, . .  32  00 

No.  1,  ].\4 34  00 

No.  1,  li.\4,  ljx6,  and  odd  aizes 37  00 

AH  sizes,  No.  2 27  00 

Stepping,  No.  1 44  00 

Stepping,  No.  2 34  00 

Ship  timber  and  plank,  rough 27  00 

Selected, planed  1  side,  av'^e  40  ft. .  29  00 

*'  •'       2 31  00 

"  "       3  "         "      "  "  ..  33  00 

"  "       4  "         "      ""  ..  35  00 

Deck  plank,  rough,  average  35  ft 35  00 

Dressed,  average  35  feec 40  00 

Pickets,  rough,  B.  M 20  00 

jxlj,  4  ft  long,  ^  M 6  50 

Coal. 


TO  LOAD. 

Per  Ton.  I  Per  Ton, 

Australian  ...     7  50  @  7  75)  Lehigh  Lump..  16  50@17  00 

Liverpool  St'm    8  50  @ Cumberland  bk  16  00@16  60 

Scotch  Splint.     9  00  @  9  00  Egg,  hard 15  50@16  00 


.lOBBINQ. 

S17  OC 

IS   OC 

20  OC 

21  00 

19  OO 

18  00 

16  00 

16  00 

22  00 

28  00 

'io'oo 

29  00 

30  00 

33  00 

24  00 

35  00 

25  00 

18  00 

24  00 

26  CO 

28  00 

30  00 

32  00 

S5  50 

16  00 

5  00 

Cardiff 9  50@10  00| 

SPOT   TROM  ■yARI>. 

Wellington 8  9  00 

Scotch  Splint 9  uO 

Greta    9  uO 

WeBtminBterBrymbo.  9  oO 

Nanaimo 9  uO 

Sydney 8  yO 

Oilman 7    0 


Seattle 7  00 

Coos  Bay 6  00 

Cannel 12  00 

Egg,  hard 18  00 

Cumberland,  in  Backs  19  00 
do,  bulk 18  00 


Bullion  Shipments. 


We  quote  shipments  since  our  last,  and  shall  be 
pleased  to  receive  further  reports: 

Commonwealth,  Jan.  13.  $20,000;  Con.  California 
and  Virginia,  it,  $44,870;  Hanauer,  7,  $3400;  Ger- 
mania,  7,  $4237;  Savage  (for  December).  $29,429; 
Hale  and  Norcross  (for  December),  $71,607;  Han- 
auer, 8,  $3550;  Germania,  8,  $2042;  Hanauer,  9, 
$2950;  ID,  $3190;  II,  S3000. 


Our  Agents. 

Our  FRrBNDB  can  do  much  in  aid  of  our  paper  and  the 
cause  of  practical  knowledge  and  science,  by  asBisting 
Agents  in  their  labors  of  canvassing,  by  lending  their  in- 
fluence and  encouraging  favors.  We  intend  to  aend  none 
but  worthy  men. 

J.  C.  HoAQ — San  Franelsco. 

K.  G.  Eailby— San  Francisco. 

Chas  M.  Moody— San  Francisco. 

W.  W.  Thbobalds— Los  Angeles  Co. 

E.  Fischer— Central  California. 

Gbo.  Wilbok— Sacramento  Co. 

E.  H.  S0HA8FFLB—  Fresno  Co 

C.  Edward  Robertson- Humboldt  Co. 

Frank  S.  Chafin— Butte  Co. 

Wm.  H.  Hillb art— Oregon. 

B.  R   Dbmimq — Oregon. 


Company.  Location.  No.  Am't.  Lbvied. 

Adelaide  Copper  M  Co Nevada.,  1 

Belle  MeM  Co        Nevada    '" 

Btsh  &  Belcher  M  Co Nevada, 

Bullion  M  Co... Nevada, 

Boiie  Con  M  Co California, 

Booth  G  M  Co California, 

Camp  Creek  M  &  M  Co California . 

Con  New  York  MCo N  evatla , 

Con  St  Gothard  M  Co California. 

Exchequer  M  Co Nevada, 

Golden  Giant  MCo California 

Kentuck  M  Co Nevada 

Mayflower  Gravel  M  Co California, 

Mexican  M  Co Nevada. 

Miueral  King  M  &  M  Co Arizona, 

Mono  G  M  Co California. 

North  Occidental  G  &  S  M  Co. .  Nevada, 

Natoma  Water  &  M  Co California.,  'i.. 

Overman  SM  Co Nevada.. 61.. 

Palisade  MCo ....Nevada..  2., 

Heg  Belcher  &  Mides  MCo Nevada..  5.. 

Trinity  River  Tunnel  &  M  Co. California. .  2. . 
Teirakoflt  M  Co California. .  3. . 


.13.. 
..35.. 
..11.. 
..  4.. 

.  1.. 

.  2.. 

.  1.. 


,.45.. 


,.29.. 
..  1.. 


Dblinq't.     Salb.     Skorbtart.  Place  of  Businbbs, 

l..Dec    31...  Jan  3l....Feb  2S..W  HGraves 426  San  some  St 

15.  .Dec     4.... Jan    8.... Jan  3U..J  W  Pew 310  Pine  St 

15.  Dec     4. . . .  Jan    8 Jan  30.  .J  W  Pew 310  Pine  St 

25., Dec     4. ...Jan    8.... Jan  24.. RR  Graypon 3^7  Pioe  St 

25.. Nov  11.... Dec  17....  Jan  22,. E  L  Burling ;..  309  Montgomery  St 

2.. Nov  23.... Dec  28.... Jan  20.. Geo  R  Spinnty 310  Piue  8t 

2.. Dec  30.... Feb  12....Mar  10..A  S  Folger 213  Fremont  St 

■  Feb    5..CEKlhott 309  Montgomuy  St 

.Mar  10.. T  Wetzel 522  M  ntgomery  St 

.Feb  11.  .0  E  EUiott 309  Montgomery  St 

..Feb  12..HTBrigg3 DownieviUe 

.Feb    4.. J  WPew 310  Pine  St 

.Feb  25..JMorizio 328  Montgomery  St 

.Feb  18. .  <J  E  Elliott 309  Montgomery  St 

.Mar   3..PHLeonard 419  California  St 

.Jan  24..BL  Burling 309  Mo  tgomery  St 

.Jan  27. .W  H  Watson 3U2  Montgomery  St 

.Feb  25..PWAmes 516  California  St 

.Feb  26..GD  Ed  wards 414  California  St 

.Jan  30.. D  Buck 309  Montgomery  St 

.Feb  2'i..EB  Holmea 309  Montgomery  St 

Jan  28.  .L  H  Pockman 28  California  St 

Feb  14. . W  J  Garrett 308  Pine  St 


15.. Dec  11 Jan  15, 

5. .Jan    14... .Feb  17. 
25. .Dec  16. ...Jan  21. 

i..Dec  17.... Jan  23. 
3U..Dec  11....  Jan  14. 
50. .Dec  27. ...Feb  3. 
25. .Dec  21.  "  " 
10.  Jan  10, 
25..  Nov  18, 

7..DLC     2. 

5.  .Dec  21. 
25.  .Dec  31. 

5.. Nov  1. 
25.  .Jan  4. 
50.. Nov  27. 


.Jan  27.., 
..Feb  10.. 
..Dec  23.. 
..Jan  6... 
..Jan  28... 
..Feb  5... 
..Dec  26.., 
..Feb  6.., 
..Jan  6.. 
..Jan  21,., 


Dec  14. 
MEETINGS  TO  BE  HELD. 

Naste  of  Compawt,  Looation.    Seoretaby  Offtoe  m  S.  P.  Meetdto  Date 

Bald  Mt  Extension  M  Co California,  .J  W  Orear .DownieviUe Annual Jan  23 

Chicago  M&  M  Co W  Graut 520  Montgomery  St Annual Jan  20 

(JrockerM  Co Arizona..  A  Waterman 309  Montgomery  St Amiual  ....  Jan  20 

Del  Monte  MCo Nevada. .J  W  Pew 310  Pine  St Annual  ....  Jan  29 

Lucky  Hdl  Con  M  Co F  D  Black Baldwin  Hol;el Feb  13 

MerrimacM  Co R  W  Heath 318  Pine  St Annual Jan  23 

North  Commonwealth  M  Co Nevada..  J  WPew 310  Pine  St ,  Aimual  ....  Jan  28 

Natoma  W  &  M  Co California.  .P  W  Amea Annual! ." Jun  21 

NevauaSaltS  Borax  Co HC  Van  Wjck 310  Pine  St Amiual Jan  21 

Spriug  Valley  M  k.  Drigafcion  Co Cal..W  E  Davis 402  Front  St Annual Jan  20 

Sulphur  Bank  Quicksilver  M  Co Cal..TWiutringham 3il6  California  St.... 

Utah  Uon  M  Co Nevada.. A  H  Fish 309  Montgomery  St Annual  ..  '  Jan  29 

Utali  ConM  Co Nevada..  A  H  Fiah 309  Montgomery  St Annual '.Jan  29 

LATEST  DIVIDENDS— WITHIN  THREE  MONTHS. 

Name  ob"  Company.  Location.     Shcbetakt.  Office  in  S.  F  Amottnt  Payable 

Champion  M  Co T  Wetzel 522  Montgomery  St 10 Jan  20 

Caledonia  M  C Nevada.. AS  Cheminant 328  Montgomery  St 08  "  Aue  5 

Con  California  &  Va  M  Co Nevada..  A  W  Havens 309  Montgomery  St 50  .        "        "janlO 

Derbec  Blue  Gravel  M  Co California.. T  Wetzel 522  Montiromery  St 10..  .'  Dec  23 

Idaho  M  Co CaUfornia Grass  Valley 5  00 Nov  7 

Mt  Diablo  MCo  Nevada,. R  Heath 319  Piue  St 30 Oct2^ 

Pacific  Horax  SaltJfc  Soda  Co.  ..California,.  A  H  Clough 230  Montgomery  St 1  00 Jan  10 


Mining  Share  Market. 

The  mining  share  market  the  past  week  was  only 
fairly  spasmodically  active,  with  hardly  perceptible 
fluctuations  in  the  Corastock.  The  dull,  depressed 
maruet,  with  reliable  private  information  from  the 
mines  hard  to  get,  suggests  that  it  is  done  to  secure 
all  the  stock  possible,  preparatory  to  an  upward 
move.  This  (Thursday)  morning  the  market 
opened  very  dull  but  at  fairly  firm  prices;  after 
Board  call  prices  strengthened,  with  Yellow  Jacket, 
Belcher  and  Crown  Point  the  leaders.  In  outside 
stocks  the  Tuscaroras  were  more  active,  with  an  at- 
tractive up  move,  followed  by  a  20  per  cent  set- 
back. The  Quijotoas  were  dull.  In  Bodie  there 
was  a  little  more  doing,  doubtless  due  to  a  report 
current  that  there  would  be  a  change  in  the  super- 
intendent and  a  cutting  down  in  the  salaries  of  the 
officials,  which  was  done  at  a  special  meeting  of  the 
directors  held  on  yesterday.  Usually  well-informed 
parties  look  for  still  lower  prices  in  the  Bodies  soon, 
owinR  to  a  report  of  the  necessity  of  another  assess- 
ment later  on. 

From  the  mines  reliable  private  information  is 
hard  to  get.  The  latest  information  confirms  pre- 
viously received  advices  ot  an  important  develop- 
ment in  Belcher  on  the  looo-foot  level  when  work 
was  stopped.  Work  will  be,  or  has  been,  com- 
menced on  the  iioo-foot  level  to  tap  the  find  lower 
down.  The  ore  is  said  to  be  high  grade.  In  an- 
other Gold  Hill  mine  a  ten-foot  body  of  rich  ore  was 
run  into  on  an  upper  level,  but  no  official  mention 
made  of  it.  Why  it  is  that  information  of  the  above 
character  is  kept  back  is  beyond  our  ken.  It  should 
undoubtedly  receive  attention  from  some  quarter. 
Outside  stockholders  have  some  rights,  and  to  keep 
tormed  on  the  work  in  the  mines  is  one  of  them. 
The  mining  superintendents  get  large  enough 
salaries  to  take  time  to  add  a  few  more  words  to  their 
skeleton  and  unsatisfactory  weekly  reports,  so  as  to 
give  fuller  information.  A  report  is  current  among 
well-informed  persons  of  a  strike  in  one  of  the  North 
End  mines,  but  we  have  not  been  able  to  get  the 
news  confirmed  up  to  this  writing.  Official  letters 
received  to-day  (Thursday)  from  Hale  and  Norcross 
report  higher  battery  assays  and  very  important 
work  going  on  in  the  mines.  From  Belcher  the 
letter  goes  out  of  the  way  to  mention  everything  ex- 
cept that  which  is  wanted.  From  Crown  Point  no 
ore  was  milled,  owing  to. the  freeze-up;  this  caused 
the  temporary  .discharging  of  over  50  miners.  The 
prospecting  work  in  the  mines  is  still  continued. 
From  Con.  Imperial  an  improvement  is  reported  in 
the  crosscuts.  Overman  is  reported  to  be  stoping  a 
higher  grade  of  ore.  From  the  outside  mines  there 
is  nothing  new  to  report  outside  of  official  letters. 
The  change  in  the  superintendency  of  the  Bodie  mine 
is  looked  upon  as  being  more  favorable  for  that  mine. 
The  Bulwer  and  Standard  mines  are  running  out 
bullion.  Private  advices  from  the  Tuscaroras  re- 
port that  Commonwealth  will  make  another  ship- 
ment of  bullion  by  telegraph  soon.  Owing  to  their 
size,  these  shipments  are  to  be  made  every  few  days. 
The  news  from  the  mines  is  of  a  very  promising 
character  and  augurs  well  for  the  future.  From  the 
Quijotoas  nothing  new  is  to  hand.  The  annual  re- 
port of  the  Silver  King  Mining  Co,  is  of  a  fiat- 
tering  character.  Extensive  work  was  done  in  last 
year  and  the  mine  put  in  position  for  better  working 
this  year. 

The  Anaconda  and  St.  Lanrena  mines,  Mon- 
tana, were  opened  last  week,  but  had  to  be 
cloBed  again,  as  the  fire  ia  still  ragini;  in  their 
depths.  No  attempts  have  been  made  to  re- 
cover the  five  bodies  known  to  be  in  the  mine. 
It  ia  thoaght  the  company  will  now  either  at- 
tempt  to  flood  the  mine  or  subdue  the  6rd  by 
the  iojection  of  carbonic  acid  gas.  The  latter 
will  probably  be  resorted  to,  as  the  former 
would  be  difficalt  on  aoooant  of  the  enormouB 
extent  of  the  workings  and  the  scarcity  of 
water. 

The  Con.  California  and  Virginia  Mining  Co. 
has  plaoed  on  special  deposit  the  sum  of  $22, • 
836,  the  amount  due  for  royalty  on  ore  ex- 
tracted from  the  mine  since  auit  was  brought 
against  the  Comstock  Tunnel  Company  by 
holders  of  Satro-tnnnel  stock.  This  money 
will  be  paid  over  ae  soon  as  the  coart  deoidea 
whioh  of  the  litigants  1b  entitled  to  receive  it. 


Table  of  Lowest  and  Highest  Sales  in 
S.  F.  Stock  Exchange. 


TSkMs  or 

OOMPAKT. 


Alpha ,,,. 

Alta 

Aodes 

Beloher 

Best&  Belcher... 

BullioD 

Bodie  OoD 

Benton 

Bulwer 

Oommonwdaltb  . , , 
Con.  Va.  &Oal.... 

Ohallenge 

Ohollar 

Oonfldence 

Oon.  Imperial 

Caledonia 

OrowD  Point 

Crocker 

EureJiaCon 

Exchequer 

Grand  Prize 

Gould&  Curry 

Hale  &  NororoBB. , 

Julia 

Justice 

Kentuck 

Lady  Wash 

Mono 

Mexican 

Navajo 

North  Belle  Isle... 

Nev.  Queen 

Occidental 

Ophir 

Overman 

PotOBi 

PeerlesB 

Peer 


Ending 
Dae.  25 


95 
1.25    1.3o 

45 

1.85  2.15 
Z.35  2.5U 
.30 


.65 


.65 


S.  B.  <iM 

Sierra  Nevada. . 

Silver  Hill 

Scorpion 

Union  Oon 

Dtai- 

Weldon 

Vellow  Jacket.. 


3.00 
i  25  4.70 
1.10  1  25 
2.15    2.46 

3i 

.20       .30 

.16 
1,50    1.90 

.26 


25 

.35     . 
1.30    1.50 
2.30    2.55 

30 


.30  .. 
,40       ,' 

2,20  2,1 

,iO  .. 

1.10  1,: 

85  I.CO 
50       ,65 
3.05        \ 
76 

I  75  1,90 

30  .35 
15 

1,40  1.55 

.76  1.16 

1.75  2,00 


Week 
Ending 
Jan.  2. 


1.00    1.15 

1.30    1.L6 

,65 

2.25 

2.30 

40 


.25 


2.85  3. 05 

4i        51 

1,30  1..50 

2,35  2,75 

4,00  4.45 

33      , 

25  . 

1,60  2. 

25      ,30 


25     ,; 

65  .. 

1.35  I.I 

"  FO  2.85 

30 

1.25  1,60 

55 


1,00    1,10 
1.00 


10 

2.10    2.40 
60 


70 

3.30  3.9n 

70 

1.90  2.20 

35 

.10  15 

1  40  1.80 

1,10  1.3* 

1,85  2,25 

45 

2,15  '2,60 

"  70 


Week 

Ending 
Jan.  9, 


1.25 
60 

1.65    1,85 
2,10    2.35 

.25 

.30 


Week 

Ending 
Jan.  16. 


3,10  3.61 

4,50  4,8 

1,10  1,20 

2.26  2.46 

25  ,30 

1.50  l!75 


3.40  3.85 

4,31  4,60 

1,10  1  25 

2  20  2.25 

3.25  .... 

25  .30 

15  .... 

1  60  1.65 

"■  ,25 


.60 


.25 


1.30    l.lO 
2.60    2  "" 

25 
1.20     . 

30 


.30  .35 

,15  2.45 

.35  '  .41 

1,05  l,2i 

1  00  I.IS 


3.05 

55 

1.65 

15 
1,40 
1.'5 
1.75 
.30 
.15 
2.10 


90     .... 
1.20    1.25 

60 

1.70  1.85 
2.25  2.35 
.55 
.45 


.15  .25 

.66  .75 

1.31  1.40 

'  !0  2.75 

25  .30 

1.15  1  30 

.35  .70 

.30 

2'i6 


,36 


.40 
1.25 


1.05 
.25 

.60  .65 

3.05  3,40 

65  .60 

,'0  1.75 

25  .35 

1,40  i!55 

I.OO  1.10 

"  l.i5 


35 


25 
15 

2.05    2.20 
.55      .60 


1.70    1.95 


Sales  at  San  Francisco  Stock  Exchange. 


TauBaDAY.  Jan,  16.  9:30  A.  M 

150  Commonwealth 3.8C 

20O  Justice. 1,30 

50  Kentuck 70c 

300  Mexican 2,30 

300  New  York 4t'c 


200  Occident 65o 

200  Ophir  3  40 

500  Peerlesa 20c 

100  Savage 1.60 

20  Sierra  Nevada 1,90 

100  Union  2,i6 

100  Weldon 16o 


New  Incorporations. 

The  following  companies  have  been  iDcorporated, 
and  papers  filed  in  the  office  of  the  Superior  Courti 
departmcDt  lo,  San  Francisco  : 

Brunswick  Con.  M.  Co..  Jan.  9.  Location, 
California.  Capital  stock,  $500,000.  Directors — 
J,  B,  Robinson,  H.  W.  Philbrook,  W.  C.  Wallace, 
Ed  Fitzgerald  and  W.  N.  Kempton. 

Merten  Manufacturing  Co.,  Jan,  9.  Ob- 
ject,  to  manufacture  drugs  and  chem'cals.  Capital 
stock,  $50,000.  Directors — Geo.  B.  Bayley,  A.  V. 
Bayley,  Aug.  F.  Merten,  Geo.  A.  Story  and  Wm. 
P.  Lamb. 

Pajaro  Valley  R.  R.  Co.,  Jan.  10.  Object,  to 
construct  a  railroad  from  Watsonville  to  Salinas,  a 
distance  of  20  miles.  Capital  stock,  •530.000.  Di- 
rectors— J.  D  Spreckels,  J.  B.  Stetson,  Myer  Ehr- 
man,  J.  L.  Koster  and  M.  P.  Jones. 

Marysville-California  Ditch  Co,,  Jan.  10. 
Location,  Yuba  county.  Capital  "stock,  $500,000. 
Directors — L.  Bowles,  J.  H.  Sayre,  H.  de  Veuve, 
H.  de  Veuve  Jr.  and  D,  O.  Doggett. 

Wilson  &  Brother,  Jan.  13,  Object,  to  man- 
ufacture doors,  blinds,  sa<:hes,  etc.  Capital  stock, 
$300,000.  Directors— G.  E.  Wilson,  M.  C.  Wilson, 
Geo.  H.  and  W.  Y.  Kellogg. 


The  action  against  Governor  Steveneon  in  the 
Kentack  Mining  Co.'s  suit  for  accounting  will 
come  up  next  week  before  the  referee  appotnteil 
by  the  Conrt. 


Ono  Ohmen's    12x12  .Automatic  Enslne; 

best  style  in -uee.  Also,  1  Boiler  48  in.  x  16  ft.  Both  nearly 
new.    Apply  to  .  J.  yfT.  QOICK,  221  First  bt., 
(Top  Floor)  San  Franoieco,  Oal, 


Jan.  18,  1890] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


51 


UNION    IRON    WORKS, 


Corner  First  and  Mission  Sts,,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

MANUFACTURERS    OF 


SPECIALTIES: 

Soott  St  O'Nell  Automstlo   Cut-off  KoK'nea,  Ide   Enjlnuit,  Rock 
Breakera,  V!u»rtz  Mllla,  HulBtlng  Kugintjii. 


MINING  AND  MILLING  MACHINERY. 


ROLLS   AND    CONCENTRATING    MACHINERY.    Cornish  and  Other 


COPPER  AND  LEAD  FURNACES. 


Capable  of  Uocklng  the  Lar£:ettt  Vessels. 
SEND    FOR    CIRODLARS.  CABLE    ADDRESS    "UNION." 


ALL  CLASSES  OF  MARiNE  WORK. 


DOW    STEAM    PUMP    WORKS. 

office    AND    WORKS,    114    AND    116    BE  ALE    STREET,    SAN    FRANCISCO, 

MANUFACTnEERS    OP    

Independent  Air  Pump  and 
Condenser, 

FOR  STATIONARY  ENGINES  OR  STEAM  PUMPS. 


DOW'8  IMPROVED  STEAM  PUMPS, 

SINGLE    OR    DUPLEX, 

For   Every    Possibie    Duty. 


Mining  Pumps, 

IRRIGATION  PUMPS, 
Artesian  Well  Engines, 


POWER  PUMPING  MACHINERY. 

SPEED    GOVERNOES, 

Balance  Valves  and  Pressure 
Regulators, 

FOR  STEAM  PUMPS.  ETC.,  ETC. 


ZatO..     XJtO. 


CORRESPONDENCE  SOLICITED. 

SEND  FOR  CATALOGUE. 


HORACE  D.  RANLETT, 

Ores,  Mining,  and  Commission, 

420  Montgomery  St.,  S.  F. 

8hlp8  under  advances  to  imelting  works  Id  Boflton, 
Hew  York,  Baltimore  and  Liverpool. 

Twenty-one  years'  experience  in  Shlppingf  Ores  and 
U&na^in^  Minos. 

SolicltB  ConBignments  of  Copper  Produce  and  Maoago- 
ment  of  Min'ng  Matters. 

All  bueintJ89  conducted  on  Cash  Bania. 

Purchase  andebipmcnt  ol  Mining  Supplies  A.  Specialtt, 

Sales  of  Developed  Copper  Mines  undertaken. 

Buflinesa  Manager  of  UiNlON  COPPER  MINE,  Copper- 
opolis,  Cal.;  NEWTON  COPPER  MINE,  Amador  Co.,  Cal. 


FRANCIS  SMITH  &  CO. 

Manufacturers  of 

Sheet  Iron  and  Steel  Pipe 

ALL    SIZES. 

130  Beale  Street,         San  Francisco,  Gal. 


Iron  cut,  punched  and  formed,  for  making  pipe  on 
ground.  All  kinds  of  Toole  supplied  for  making  Pipe. 
Jitimates  given.  Are  prepared  for  coating  all  sizes  of 
Pipe  with  a  composition  o(  Coal  Tar  and  Asphaltum. 


J.  C.  WILSON.  O.  A.  O'BRIEN. 

J.  MACDONOUGH  &  CO. 

IMPORTERS   AND   DBALKRB  IN 

COAL  AND  PIG  IRON. 


Principal  Office: 

41    MARKET  STREET,  CORNER  SPEAB. 

Yards: 

S.  W.  Cor.  Spaar  &     g  ■  S.  W.  Oor.  Main  Se 

Folsom,  <  Folsom, 

[Telephone  No.  1864,]  SAN  VRAJMCISCO. 


FOR  SALE  CHEAP. 


One  new  double  circular  Savnuill  to  carry  60-inch  bot- 
tom saw,  with  wrought-iron  hangers  for  top  saw.  Fric- 
tion feed-works,  patent  steel  screw  double-throw  head- 
blocks,  with  track  iron,. saw  carriage  and  frame  complete. 

RISDON  IRON  &  LOCOMOTIVE  WORKS, 

San  Francisco.  Oal. 


Tioga  District   Mining  Company, 

Incorporated  June  11,1839.    Capital  Stock,  $10,000,000 
BUY  AND  SELL 

California  Gold,  Sliver,  Quicksilver,  Copper 
and  Liead  Mines 

OF    ASCERTAINED    VALUE. 

bfflcB,  No.  IS  PARROTT'S  BUILDING,  N.  W. 

Corner  of  California  and  Montgomery  Streets, 

SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 

WM.  B.  WIGHTMAN,  Prea.      WM.  H.  V.  CRONISE.  Sec, 


IFiMflfili  Bier  Scale  BgsoW. 

tf^Thie  Reaolvent  IS  NOT  AN  EXPERIMENT  but  a  FAOT,  and  it  will  do  the  work 
oUimed  for  it  at  a  LESS  EXPENSE  than  any  other  boiler  purge,  AND  IN  NO  MANNER 
INJURE    THE    IRON. 

Carnbqie  Brotders  &  Co.,  Proprietors  op  Edgar  Thomson  Steel  Works,  1 
PiTTSBDRan,  Pa.    Works  at  Braudock.  Oct.  4,  l&sT.     j 

We  uB"  tbe  Pittsburgh  "  Boiler  Scale  Resolvent."  and  are  well  satisfied  with  the  results  obt-vined.  We  have 
tested  neail>  all  Compounds  presented  to  us,  and  this  one  la  the  oDly  g:ooil  thlajf  we  have  ever  used. 
Ouv  feed- water  is  heated  in  Berryman  Heateia.but  owing  to  distance  of  heaters  from  boilers,  we  rarely  exceed  150 
degrees  of  heat  in  feed-water. 

Our  water  is  of  the  worst  character,  containing  such  bad  impurities  as  salphate  of  lime,  carbonate  of 
lime,  mud,  and  everything:  that  Is  bad.  Very  truly  yours,  WM.  R.  JONES,  Gen.  Supt. 

No  water  in  the  United  States  produces  scale  in  greater  quantity  or  of  a  harder  nature  than 
the  Monongahela  River,  containing  SULPHATE  and  CARBONATE  of  lime,  iron,  MAGNESIA, 
SILICATE,  SULPHUR,  ALUMINUM,  etc.  The  following  well-known  manufacturers,  who 
are  large  steam  users  IN  PITTSBURGH,  and  using  the  water  from  said  river  as  boiler-feed  for 
all  their  boilers,  USE  THIS  RESOLVENT  in  their  steam  plant,  and  to  whom  reference  is  hereby 
made:  Carnegie  Brothers  &  Co.,  Proprietors  of  the  Edgar  Thomson  Steel  Works;  Dilworth, 
Porter  &  Co. *a  Spike  Works;  and  Oliver  and  Robert's  Wire  Co. ;  and  many  other  firms  in  the 
great  manufacturing  center  WHERE  THE  RESOLVENT  IS  MADE.  Reference  is  also  given 
to  Robert  MoMahon,  Boiler  Inspector  for  Alleghany  Oo,,  Penn.,  and  to  the  following  Railway 
Companies  who  use  it  on  their  locomotives:  Kansas  City,  Fort  Scott  &  Gulf  Railroad;  Central 
Iowa;  Mexican  Central;  Delaware,  Lackawanna  &  Western;  Burlington,  Cedar  Rapids  &  Northern, 
Terre  Haute  &  Indianapolis;  Mexican  National;  and  Denver  &  Rio  Grande  Western. 

Upon  receipt  of  order.  WITH  THE  PROMISE  OF  FAITHFULLY  CARRYING  OUT 
THE  PRINTED  DIRECTIONS,  we  will  furnish,  FOR  FIRST  INTRODUCTION,  a  Barrel, 
or  Half  Barrel,  of  the  Resolvent,  and  the  invoice  will  bear  the  following  stamp: 

(  TO  BE  PAID  FOR  WHEN  RESOLVENT  \ 
I  PROVES  ENTIRELY  SATISFACTORY,  j 


tdlicational. 


OP 

ASSAYING    AND    CHEMISTRY, 

Rooms  46  &  47.  )  628  Montuomerv  St., 

2d  Floor  Montgomery  Bl'k.  f        8an  Francisco, 
Also,  Evening  ClaeseB,  7  to  10  o'clock. 

JOHN  T.  EVANS,  M.  A.,  PrincipaL 


School  of  Practical,  Civil,  Mechanical  and 
MINING  ENGINEERING, 

Snrveyiiig,  ArcMtectire,  Drawing  and  Assaying 

723    MARKET   STBBBT, 

The  History  Building,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

A.  VAN  DER  NAILLEN,  President. 

Assaying  of  Ores,  $26;  Bullion  and  Chlorination  Assay, 

826;  Blowpipe  Assay.  $10.    Full  course  of  assaying,  960. 

^^Send  for  circular. 


FOR  SALE  ONLY  BY 


TATUM    &    BOWEN 


Sole  Agents  for  the  Pacific  Coast, 

Dealers    in    Improved    Wood-Working    Machinery, 

Saw  Mill  MacMnery,  Engues,  Boilers,  iron-Worlaig  MacMiery,  Supplies,  Etc, 

Sole  Agents  for  Hoe  Ohisel-Tooth  Saw,  Gardner  Governor, 
Schultz  Leather  Belting,  Etc. ,  Etc. 

34  &  36  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco.        85  Front  St.,  Portland,  Or. 

iisrif  in  want  of  Machinery  of  any  description,  write  us  for  Descriptive  Circulars  and  Prices. 


ESTABLISHED    1866. 


PACIFIC    CHEMICAL     WORKS. 

HENRY    G.    HANKS, 

Practical  and  iDdnstrial  Cbemist,  Assayer 
and  Geologist, 

718  MONTGOMERY  ST^^ -        SAN  FRANCISCO. 

jVWill  report  on  the  condition  and  value  of  any  mining  property  on 
tlie  Pacific  Coast.  Rare  Chemicals  mode  to  order.  InBtruotions  Eriven  in 
Assaying  and  Practical  Chemistry 


HEALDS 


BUSINESS     OOLLBQB, 

24  POST  ST.,  S.  P. 

FOR  SEVENTY-FIVE  DOLI^ABS  THIS 
College  inetructa  in  Shorthand,  Type  Writing,  Book- 
seeping,  telegraphy,  FeomaDship,  Drawing,  all  the  En- 
glish branches,  and  everything  pertaining  to  buaincss, 
For  elx  full  months.  We  have  sixteen  teachers,  and  give 
Individual  instruotlon  to  all  our  pupils.  Our  school  has 
iliB  graduates  in  every  part  of  the  Statei 

larSlNV  FOR  CiROXmAB. 

B,  P.  HEALD,  FresldenI, 
o.  a,  HALKY.  Seoretarv. 


RIX  k  FIRTH, 

225  and  227  First  St.,  San  Francisco,  Gal. 

Compressed  Air  and  Water  Power 
Machinery. 


KNIGHT'S  'MATER  WHEEL, 

For  Mills,  Pumping  and  Hoisting. 

OVER    800  IN    DSB. 
All  estimates  guaranteed.    Send  for  Circular. 


THE  RUSSELL  PROCESS  COMP'Y. 

TALCOTT  H.  RUSSELL,  Secretary, 
HEW  HAVEK  CONN. 

p.  O.  Box  406. 


52 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Jan.  18,  1890 


MINING  AND  ASSAYING. 


A  Practical  Manual  of  Wincrals,  aiines 
and  itlinln;;.  ComprlanK  i-uggeatiouaas  to  ti'C  localiti-s 
and  assuclations  of  all  the  Useful  Miuerals;  full  deacriutioua 
of  the  mo3t  effective  methoas  of  both  the' qualiDaiive  and 
quautitative  amUyses  of  each  of  theao  miuerii]B,.ana  hmts 
upoD  the  various  opt-rationa  of  miuing,  iududing  arcmtec- 
ture  and  cooatruction.  By  Prof.  H.  S.  OHbom,  TjL'D. 
Illustrated  by  171  engravings.  8vo,  367  pages.  Price. .»l.»0 

CW.4  descriptive  circular  (living!  the  full  table  r.f  cnn-- 
tents  of  the  above  book  sent  free  to  any  one  who  will  send 
ins  address. 

A  Treatise  on  MctallifcronB  Minerals  ana 
Iff  ininff.  B  D.  C.  Daviea.  With  US  lUuMtfiitiona.  12iii'i. 
«2iHgea     Price »-^.O0 

Mini*  Driiinasre.  By  Stephen  Micliell.  8to,  277  en- 
graviufe'S.     Price SC.OO 

A  Treatise  on  Earthy  and  other  Minerals 
and  Mining.    By  D.  C.   Daviea.    IVi  h  76  engiavmg^ 

12.110.     PriCi 85.00 

'  The  Prospector's  Hand  Boole.  A  Guide  for  the 
prospector  +Q'i  T.aveler  in  search  of  Mutiil-beariug  or  other 
valuable  Miuerals.    Illustrated.    12mo.    Prme Sl.oO 

MIneralos'y  Simplificil.  Easy  Methoda  of  Identi- 
fying Minerals,  iiicludiug  Ores,  by  meaas  of  the  Blowpipp, 
by  Flame  Reactinna,  liy  the  Spectro-icop^  and  by  Humid 
t;hemical  Analysis,  based  on  Vor>  Koheirs  Tables  for  the 
Determination  of  Minerals,  etc.  By  Henri  Erni,  M.  D.  11- 
lustra  ed.    12mo.    Price ».!.«« 

Vndcrff round  Treasures:  How  anil  Where 
to  W'intl  Them.  A  Key  for  the  Ke;idy  Determir.a'i -u 
of  Minerals  within  the  United  States.  By  James  Orfcnn^ 
Price Sl.->0 

The  Assayers'  Manual. -An  Abridged  Treatise  on 
the  Docimastic  txamimitioo  of  Ores  and  Furnace  and  other 
Artificial  Products  By  Eniuo  Kerl,  P>ofes3or  iu  the  Royal 
SchoolofMi'ies;  M-mber  of  the  Royal  Technical  Commis- 
sion for  the  Industries  and  cf  the  Impt  rial  Patent  Office, 
Eo'lin.  Transl  it^d  from  the  <»ermaa  by  William  T.Braunt. 
Editor  of  "The  Techno-Chemica'  Receipt  Book,"  etc. 
SeoudArae'icau  Edition,  edited  with  extensive  additions 
by  F.  Lymvood  Garrison,  Member  of  the  American  In-titute 
of  Mining  Engineers,  Iron  and  Sttel  Institute,  Vtrein 
Deutscher  Eisenhuttenleute,  etc.  Illustrated  by  87  enj-rav- 
ings.    354  pages,  8vo.    Cloth.    Price S3.0(» 

A  circular  of  S  pages  quarto,  giving  the  full  Table  of 
Contents  of  this  Important  Book,  as  well  as  a  new  List  of 
Leading  Books  on  Metal  Mining,  Metailurgg,  Mineralo(,y. 
Assaying,  Chemical  Analgsis,  etc  ,  sent  free  to  any  one 
in  any  part  of  the  world  who  loill  send  his  address. 

tgrThe  above  or  any  of  our  Books  sent  by  mail,  free  of 
pos'a^ie,  at  the  publication  prices,  to  any  address  in  the 
world. 

gS'Our  New  an<i  Revised  Catalogue  of  Practical  and 
Scientific  Books.  86  pages,  Soo,  and  our  other  CataloQues, 
the  whole  covering  eve)-y  branch  of  .Science  applied  to 
the  Arts,  sent  free  and  free  of  postage  to  any  one  in 
a7iy  part  of  the  world  who  loHl  furnish  his  addrss. 

HENRY    CAREY    BAIRD    &    CO., 

Industrial   Publi;Hbii3,    B^okhbulers   and    Importbrs, 
SIO  Walnut  St.,  Philadelphta.  Pa.,  U.  S.  A. 


STEARNS  MFG  CO., 

29  &  31  Spear  St,,      San  Francisco,  Cal. 


tif-fliiti*:-!!: 


MANUFACTDREaa  OF 

HIGH-GRADE  SAW  MILL    MACHINERY, 
ENGINES,  STEEL  BOILERS,  Etc. 

—IMPORTERS  OF— 

Munson's  Leather  Belting,  Goodell  &  Waters'  Woodwork- 
ing ToolB,  Hill'B  Clutch  Pulleys  and  Couplings,  Emerson's 
Saws,  Emery  Wheels,  Tool  and  Knife  Grinders,  Ewart'e 
Link  BeltiDEj  L.  &  D.  Wood  Pulleys,  Hoisting  aud  Pile 
Driving  Engines,  Eta. 


Great  Variety  of  SHOT  GUNS,  RIFLES, 

etc.    Breech-Loaders  from  §4  to  $100. 
SEND   STAMPS    FOR    PRICE    LISTS. 

GEO.  W.  SHREVE, 

625  Kearny  Street,         San  Francisco,  Oal. 


WINCHESTER  HOUSE. 


41  Third  Street, 


San  Francisco,  Cal, 


ThiB  Fire  proof  Bri  k  Building  is  centrally  located,  in 
the  liealtbiest  vart  of  the  city,  only  a  balf  block  from  the 
Grand  and  Palaue  Hotele,  and  close  to  all  fate,iinboat  and 
Kailroad  ciHices, 

Laundry  Free  for  the  use  of  Families. 

HOT  AND  COLD  BATHS  FBEE. 


Terms,  Board  and  Roam,  $1.00  per  Day 

And  Upward. 

Rooms  with  or  without  Board. 

Free  Coach  to  the  House. 


VAN   DUZEN'S 

STEAMjetPUMP 

For  Water  Supply  Tanks. 

For  Fire  PDiiip  011  Yard  or  Switch  £ng:lucs. 

For  Round  lltiUMC  Cicneral  IVorU. 

For  Uralnin^  Ponds,  I'itJt,  Coirer  Dams,  etc. 

10  SUet*.    «7  to  S~5-    TlioiiM»nd.s  iu  use. 

Write  for  Bescriptivo  Pump  Circular,  v 

VAN  DUZEN  &,  TIFT,  CINCINNATI,  O, 


PACIFIC    ROLLING   MILL   CO., 

UANUPACTUKSBS  OP 

t  Steel  CasHic  ?m  steel  Feriiis 


UP   TO    20,000   LBS.    "W^BIGHT. 

True  to  pattern  and  superior  in  Btren&rthf  toushneBs  and  durability  to  Oast  or  WronsTbt 
Iron  In  any  position  or  for  any  service. 

GEARINGS,  SHOES,  DIES,  CAMS,  TAPPETS,  PISTON-HEADS,  RAILROAD  and  MA- 
CHINERY CASTINGS  of  Every  Description. 


HOMOGENEOUS  STEEL, 


SOFT  and  DUCTILE, 


SUPERIOR  TO  IRON  FOR 


LOCOMOTIVE  AND  MARINE  FORCINGS. 

AIiSO  Steel  Boda,  from  }  to  3  inch  diameter  and  Flats  trom  I  to  S  inch.  ADgles,  Toes,  ChannelB  and  other  shape 
Steel  Wagon,  Buggy,  and  Truck  Tires,  Plow  Steel;  Machinery  and  Special  Shape  Steel  to  Bize  and  lengths 
ST£!EIi  RAIX.S  from  12  to  46  pounds  per  yard.  ALSO,  Railroad  and  Merchant  Iron,  Rolled 
Beams,  Angle,  Cliannel,  and  T  Iron,  Bridge  and  Machine  Bolta,  Lag  Screws,  Nuts,  Washers,  Ship  and  Boat 
Spikes;  Steamboat  Shafts,  Cranks,  Pistons,  Connecting  Bods,  etc  Car  and  Locomotive  Axles  and  Frames, 
and  Iron  Forgings  of  all  kinds,  Iron  and  Steel  Bridge  and  Roof  Work  a  Specialty. 

HIOHBST  PBICB  PAID  FOB  SCRAP  IRON  AND  STB£I.. 
t^  Orders  wiU  have  prompt  attention.    Send  for  Catalogues.    Address 

PACIFIC  ROLLDTO  MILL  CO.,  202  Market  St.,  San  Francisco. 


FULTON     IRON    WORKS, 

HINOKLEY,  SPIERS   &    HAYES,  Proprietors. 


^CB.oe,    2X3 


[ESTABLISHED    IN    1855.] 


Sa,XX     X*X-«t.3CXOllSOOa 


— MANUFACTURBJUi    OF— 


TUSTIN'S    PULVBRIZBB. 


MABINE     ENGINES    AND    BOIIiEBS.- 

Propeller  Engines,  either  High  Pressure  or  Compound, 
Stern  or  Side- wheel  Engines. 

MINING  MAOHINERY.-Hoisting  Enginee  and 
Works,  Cages,  Ore  Buckets,  Ore  Cars,  Pumping  En&flnes 
and  Pumps,  Water  Buckets,  Pump  Columns,  Air  Com- 
pressors, Air  Beoaivers,  Air  Pipes. 

MILL  MACHINEBY.-Batteries  for  Dry  or  Wet 
Crushing,  Amalgamating  Pans,  Settlers,  Furnaces,  B«- 
torts.  Concentrators,  Ore  Feeders,  Rock  Breakers,  Fur- 
naces for  Reducing  Ores,  Water  Jackets,  etc 

MISCELLANEOUS  MACHINE  BY.— Flour 
Mill  Machinery,  Saw  Mill  Engines  and  Boilers,  Dredging 
Machinery,  Powder  Mill  Machinery,  Water  Wheels. 

Tustin's  Pulverizer 

WORKS  ORE  WET  OR  DRY. 


ENGINE81B0ILER8 

OF    ALL    KINDS, 

Either  for  use  on  Steamboats  or  for  uee  on  Land- 
Water  Pipe,  Pnmp  or  Air  Golnmiis,  Fish 
Tanks  for  Salmon  Canneries 

OF  KVBRT  DRSORIPTION. 

Boiler  Repairs  Promptly  attended  to  and  at  V9ry  moaerate  rates. 

AQBNT8  FOR  TH8  PACIFIC  COAST  FOR  THB 

I>e£i.XLO  StefixxL  IPxlzxx-^. 

SPECLALTIES : 

Corliss  Bngrlnes  and  Tnstln  Ore  Pulverizers.  DBANB    STEAM    PUMP. 

Agrents  and  Manufacturers  of  the  Llewellyn  Feed  Water  Purifier  and  Heater. 


THE  GIANT  POWDER  COMPANY 

Manufaoture  Three  Kinds  ot  Powder,  which  are  acknowledged  by  all  the  Great  Chemiats  of  the  World  aa 

Ttie  Safest  and  Strongest  High  Explosives  in  the  Marlcet. 

Of  Different  Strengths  as  Required. 

NOBEL'S    EXPI.OSIVE     GELATINE,"    which  contains    94   per  cent  of  Nltro-GIyoerlne,  and 

aELATINE-DTKAHITE,  Stronger  than  Dynamite  and  even  Safer  in  Handling. 

JUDSON  POWDER  IMPROVED. 

rOR  BAII.ROADS  AND  LAND  CLEARING.  Is  from  three  to  four  times  stronger  than  ordinary  Blast- 
ing Powder,  and  is  used  hy  all  the  Railroads  and  Gravel  Claims,  as  it  hreaks  more  ground,  pulverizes  hetter  and 
saves  time  and  money.    It  is  as  dry  as  the  ordinary  Blasting  Powder  and  runs  as  freely. 

BANDMANN,  NIELSEN  &  CO., 

OAFS  and  FUSE  for  Sale  OBNBRAL  AGENTS,  «AN  FRANCISCO    OAL. 


QUARTZ  SCREENS 


A  specialty.  Round,  slot 
or  hurred  slot  holes.  Gen- 
uine Russia  Iron,  Homo- 
geneous Steel,  Cast  Steel  or ' 
American  planished  Iron, 
Zinc,  Copper  or  Brass  Screens  for  all  purposes.  Cali- 
fornia Perforatina:  Screen  Co.,  145  &  147  Beale  St.,  S.  F. 


COAL  MINES  OF  THE  WESTERN  COAST. 

A  few  copies  of  this  work,  the  only  one  ever  published 
treating  of  PaciQc  Coast  Coal  Mining,  have  been  ob- 
tained, and  are  for  sale  at  this  office  for  32.60  per  copy. 
It  was  written  by  \V.  A.  Goodyear,  Mining  and  Ci\il 
Engineer,  formorl-y  of  the  California  State  Geologioal 
Survey. 


N.  W.  SPAULDING 
s-A.'w^  oc>Mi»./k.Kr-sr 

Manufaoturers  of 
SPAULDING'S 

Inserted  Tootli 

AND 

CHISEL    BIT 


Saws. 


SAW  MILLS   AND    MACHINERY 

ot  all  kinds  made  to  order.    Send  for  Desoriptlve.  Cata 
logue.    1^  and  19  Fremont  St..  San  Frftnoiioo. 


Irop  apd  ^achipe  hjk. 


UNION    IRON   WORKS, 

8APBAMBNTO,  OAL. 

BOOT,    NBILSON     &    OO., 

MANDTA0TURBR8  07 

Steam     Engines,    Boilers, 

AND  ALL  EUTDS  OF 

MACHINERY  FOR  MINING  PURPOSES. 

Flouring  Mills,  Saw  Mills  and  Quartz  Mills  Machinery 
oonstruoted,  fitted  up  and  repaired. 


P'ront  St.,  bet.  N  &  O  Sta., 


Sacramento,  Oal. 


CALIFORNIA    MACHINE    WORKS, 
WM.  N.  BIRCH  &  CO., 

ENGINEERS     AND     MACHINISTS. 

No.  119  Beale  St..      -      -      San  Francisco. 

BUILDBRB  OF 

Steam  Encines,  Saw  Mills,  Mining  Machinery,  Dredging 
Machines,  Bock  Crushers,  Cable  Railway  Machinery, 
EHithorp  Air  Brake  Co. 's- Patent  Steam  and  Hjdraulio 
Elevators,  Air  Cushions  and  Air  Brakes  POSITIVE 
SAFKTIE3.  Improved  Rum  Elevators,  Sidewalk  and 
Hand  Hoists.  B.  E.  Henrickson's  Patent  Automatic 
Safety  Catchea  ■ 

MachlneH  of  all  kinds  Made  and  Repaired. 
Orders  Solicited. 


Golden  State  &  Miners  Iron  Works. 

UoEiiftkottire  Iron  Oastlngs  and  Machinery 
of  all  Kinds  at  Greatly  Bednced  Batea 

STEVENSON'S  PATENT 

Mold-Board  A  MALOAMATOBS, 
Golden  State  Pressure  Blowers. 

Sirst  St.,  between  Howard  Sm  Folaom,  8.  F, 


FBOUAS  TOOHPaON 


rHORNTON  THOMPSON 


THOMPSON    BROTHERS. 

EUREKA    FOUNDRY, 

120  and  181  Beale  St.,  between  Mission  and  Howard,  S.F 

UANnFAOTTTRHRS  OP  OASTmOS  OP  BVXBT  DBBORIFTiOM. 


Mining    Engineers. 


CIVIL    AND    MINING    ENGINEER 

Of  long  experience,  practical  and  admini-ttative,  in 
Copper,  Si'Ver  and  Gold  Mining  io  Europe  and  An  erica, 
offers  STvices  at  Manager  or  Superintendent,  or  to  search 
for  and  report  on  Mines.  Now  in  Mexico  Several  Lan- 
guages.   Address  C.  F..  Box  2S.7,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


W.  A.  GOODYEAR, 

Civil    and    Mining'    Engineer, 

MINING  EXPERT  AMD  GEOLOGIST. 

Business  Box  A,"  office  of  this  paper,  San 


Address 
francisco. 


ROSS   E.  BROWNE. 

Mining  and  Hydraulic  Engfineer, 

No.  S07  Samsomb  St.,  Saji  Fbakoisoo. 


ISRAEL  W.  KNOX, 
Mining  and  Mechanical  Engineer 

AND  PDROHASINQ  AGENT  POR 

Mines,  Mining  Machinery  &  Supplies. 

Mines  Examined,  Reports  and     Estimates   Furnished, 

Contracts  made,  etc. 
0£Qce,  2S7  First  3c.,       San  Francisco,  Oal. 


The  Celebrated  H.  H.  H  Liniment. 


The  H.  H  H  J..liiliiitiiit  l-i  fir  rh  tn  iMimnt  of 
he  Aches  ii  i  1  .  ■-■  f  ilniii  i'  H  i-<  ^  II  h  fur  ihe  all- 
ments  of  the  beasts  of  the  fields.  Testimonials  from 
importers  and  breeders  of  blooded  stock  prove  Its  won- 
derful ourative  properties.  No  man  has  ever  used  It  (or 
an  ache  or  pain  ana  been  dissatisfied. 
H.  H.  MOORE  &  SONS,  Stockton,  Cal..  Proprietors. 
Pna  Salr  bt  all  DRDsaisTS 


FOR  ENGRAVINGS  E'X  "Crf^co^ 

pany,  No,  320  Market  street.  S^d  Frandsco. 


Jan.  18.  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


63 


PARKE    &    LACY   COMPANY 

IMPORTERS    AND    MANUPACTDRER3    OF 

MINING,    MILL    and    GENERAL     MACHINERY. 


ENGINES,  BOILERS,  STEAM  PUMPS, 

AIR  COMPRESSORS,  ROOK  DRILLS, 
WALL'S  CEUSmNQ  ROLLS, 

CONOBNTRATORS,  PULVERIZERS, 
TURBINE  WATER  WHEELS, 

ROOK  BREAKERS.  DRY  JIGS. 

Bullock's  Diamond  Drills 

GOLDEN  GATE  CONCENTRATORS, 

GREATEST  CAPACITY  OF  ANY  CONCENTRATOR  MADE, 
One  Machine  Taking  Pulp  fi-om  10  Stamps- 


SAW    MILLS,    MACHINE    TOOLS, 
PLANING  MILLS,  INJECTORS  and  EJECTORS 
BELTING,  PACKING,  OILS,  LUBRICATORS, 
FIRfe    EXTINGUISHERS, 
CENTRIFUGAL   PUMPS, 
ROTARY  PUMPS.  GANG  EDGBRS, 
CAMPBELL'S    STEAM    FEEDS, 
MILL    and    MINE    SUPPLIES. 


ox:Krx3Ei..A.x<    -A-Crnx^rcs    x<ox<. 


WESTINGHOUSE    AUTOMATIC     ENGINES. 


SALES  DURING  LAST  FOUR  MONTHS: 


rJOMPOTTMn  44  ENGINES,  .C!T  A  "NTT^  A  T?r»  99  engines, 

\J\ja±r^KJIU  IMXJ,    5215  HOKSK  POWER.  aXJ^nXJJXSXU,    4500  HOBSE  POWER.  u  \^  ±-1  J.\JJ.V,    4260  BOKSE  POWER. 

Gr3r«»xica.   I^ota,!.,    309    SESxxglXLes,    .A.ss^^Bf»'*i-'^S   3.3.875    ZZorse    X'o-VT^ex-. 


JUNIOR,  »68  ENGINES. 


21  and  23  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco,  Gal. 


189  Clarence  St.,  Sydney,  N.  S.  W. 


I8S0. 


1888. 


BPILDRRS   OF 

MINING    MACHINERY. 

GENERAL  OFFICE  AND  WORKS : 

1 27  First  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  U.  S.  A. 

New  York  Office,  145  Broadway. 

PLANTS  FOR  GOLD  AND  SILVER  MII,I,S, 

embiacio^  machinery  of  LATEST  DESIGN  and 
MOST  IMFROVBD  conBtruction.  We  offer  our 
miBtomers  the  BEST  RESULTS  OF  38  TE.\KS' 
EXPERIENCE  in  this  SPECIAL  LINE  of 
work,  and  are  PREPARED  to  fumiah  the  MOST 
APPROVED  character  of  MINING  AND  RE- 
DUCTION MACHINERV,  adapted  to  all  K:rade8  of 
ores  and  .SUPERIOR  to  that  of  any  other  make,  at 
the  LOWEST  POSSIBLE  PRICES. 

We  are  also  prepared  to  CONSTKUCT  and  DE- 
LIVER In  COMPLETE  RUNNING  ORDER. 
In  any  locality,  MILLS,  CONCENTRATION 
WORKS.  WATER  JACKET  SMELTING 
FURNACES,  HOISTING  WORKS,  PUMP- 
ING MACHINERY,  ETC.,  ETC.,  of  any  DE- 
SIRED CAPACITY. 


THE    GATES    CRUSHER 

Is  beyond  all  question  the  most  important  improvement 
that  has  ever  been  made  in  this  class  of  mining-  ma- 
chinery. It  will  do  more  than  twice  the  work  with  a 
given  amount  of  wear  than  any  other  Crusher  made, 
besides  crushing  so  much  finer  that  for  mining  uses,  the 
capacity  of  the  mill  is  greatly  increased.  It  has  the  same 
relative  superiority  for  macadamizing  purposes,  afford- 
ing the  cheapest  and  most  reliable  machine  for  this  use. 


SEND     FOR    CIRCULAE. 


PACIFIC    IRON    WORKS 


NO.    127    FJH&T    STREET, 


SAN    FRANCISCO,    CAL. 


NOTICE  TO  GOLD  MINERS! 


JUSTINIAN  CAIRE.  Agent, 

521  &  523  Market  St.,  San  Francisco, 


-DBALBR    IN— 


IN  QDARTZ,  GRAVEL,  OB  PLACER  MINES.  MADE  OF  BEST  SOFT  UAKF      DPBBIOR  OOPPBR 

ja.T     H.:H3r>XT03E3I>     i»3aious. 

Our  platea  are  guaranteed,  aod  by  actual  experience  are  proved,  the  beBJ  In  weight  of  Sil- 
ver and  durability.  Old  Mining  Platea  Replated,  Bought,  or  Gold  Separ&ted.  THOUSANDS 
OF    ORDERS    FILLED. 

SAN    FRANCISCO    NOVELTY,  GOLD,  SILVER    AND    NICKEL    PLATING  WORKS, 
1 08  and  1 1 2  First  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

^r  SEND  FOR  CIRCDLARS. 


Assayers'  and  Mining  Material. 


-MANUFACTORBB    OP— 


BATTERY  SCREENS  AND  WIRE  CLOTH 


Agent  for  EOSEIKS' 
HYDRO-CAKBON    ASSAY   FURNACES 


-  IMPORTANT  TO  GOLD  MINERS! 

SILVER-PLATED  AMALGAM  PLATES  for  SAVING  GOLD 

QUARTZ, 


IN 


MINING. 


GRAVEL    AND    PLACER 
PRICES  GREATLY  REDUCED. 

Only  Refined  Silver  and  Best  Copper  used,    Over  3000  Orders  filled.    Fifteen  Medals  Awarded. 

Replated,    Old  Plates  Bought,  or  Gold  Separated, 

Theso  Plates  can  also  be  purchased  o(  JOHN  TAJLOR  &  CO.,  Corner  first  and  Mission  Sts. 

San  Francisco  Gold,  Silver  and  Nickel  Plating  Works,  653  &  655  Mission  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  E.  G.  Denniston,  Prop'r. 

Our  Plates  have  been  used  for  20  years.    They  have  proved  the  best. 
Copper.      SKND  FJ&  OIROULAR.- 


Old  Mining  Plates  can   be 


We  adhere  Btrlctly  to  contract  iD  welubt  of  Sliver  and 


54 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Jan.  18,  1890 


PROVED    BELT    FRUE   ORE  CONCENTRATOR. 


The  Best  Ore  Concentrator  in  the  market,  having  double 
the  Capacity  and  doing  its  work  as  oloBe  as  the  plain  Belt 
machine,  while  its  concentrationa  are  clean.  It  is  used  in 
a  number  of  Mills,  the  most  notable  of  which  is  the 
Alaska  M.  &  M.  Go's  Mill,  where  24  Improved  Belt  Frues 
are  taking  the  Pulp  from  120  Stamps,  crushing  350  tons 
per  day,  and  is  giving  entire  satisfaction  as  against  4S 
plain  Belt  Machines,  taking  the  Pulp  from  the  other  120 
Stamps. 

^ : 

Price  of  Improved  Belt-  Frue  Vanner,  $900,  f.  o.  b. 
Price  of  Plain  Belt  Frue  Vanner,  $575,  f.  o.  b. 


For  Pamphlets,  Testimonials  and  farther  informatic 
apply  at  ofitice.  ^/ 


Protected  by  Patents  December  22, 1874;  September  2, 
1S79;  April  27,  1880;  March  22.  1881;  February  20, 1883; 
September  13,  1883;  July  24,  1888.    Patents  applied  for. 


There  are  Over  2200  Plain  Belt  Machines  now 
in  Use. 

Thb  Montana  Compaky  (Limited),  London,  October  8, 1885. 
Dear  Sirs  :— Having-  tested  three  of  your  Frue  Vanners  in  a  com- 
petitive trial  with  other  similar  machines  (Triumph),  we  have  eatiafied 
ourselves  of  the  superiority  of  your  Vannere,  as  is  evidenced  by  the 
fact  of  our  havinpr  ordered  20  more  of  your  machinoH  for  immediate 
delivery.     Yours  truly,         THE  MONTANA  COMPANY  (Limited). 

N.  B.— Since  the  above  was  written  the  20  Vanners,  having  been 
started,  gave  such  satisfaction  that  44  additional  Frues  and  more 
stamps  have  been  purchased.  ADAMS    &    CARTER. 


ADAMS  &  CARTER,  Agents  FRUt-?^e^^^~">'NG  MACHINE  CO.,  Room  15.  No.  132  Market  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal 


CALIFORNfe    WIRE    WORKS 


-MANUFACTURERS  CF- 


:E:sa<.A.:^XjXsxzx:x>  less.     xxtrcoxiE'ozi.ia.fX'xix)  xsss. 


Steel  Wire  Rope, 

OF  ALL  KINDS  FOR 

CABLE  RAILWAYS, 

IROPEWAYS  and  TRAMWAYS. 

Mining,  Shipping  &  General  Purposes. 


WIRE, 

BARBED   WIRE, 
WIRE   NAILS, 

WIRE    CLOTH. 

Full  ABSorCmect  Always  in  Stock, 


OFFICE  : 


9  Fremont  Street,  San  Francisco,    ^-^ 


HALLIDIE'S 


Patent  \J\J\k  Ropeway, 

For  the  Economical  and  Rapid 

Transportation    of   Ore 

and  other  material. 


Erected  by  Us  During  the  Past  Fourteen  Years  in  Spana 

3  '  200  TO  2,000  FEET. 


Simple,  Economical  and  Durable. 


Send  for  Illugtrated  Catalogue. 


TRANSPORTATION     OP    ORE    BY     HALLIDIE'S     PATENT     WIRE    ROPEWAY. 


HAVE   BEEN  THOROUGHLY  TESTED 
In  all  Parts  of  the  Country. 


WM.  H.  TAYLOK,  President. 


B.  S.  MOORE,  Superintendent. 


Risdon  Iron  and  Locomotive  Works, 

S.  E.  CORNER  HOWARD  AND  BEALE  SIS.,  SAN  FRANCISCO. 


MANUPACTDBBRS    OP    ALL    KINDS    OP 


Mining   and    Milling   Machinery,  Engines   and    Boilers, 

SHEET-IRON  WATER  PIPE  for  Mining  and  Irrigation  Purposes. 


Exclusive  Agents  for  the  Pacific  Coast  of  HEINE  PATENT  SAFETY  BOILER  and  MACBETH  STEEL  PULLEY. 

AGENTS    FOB    THE    PACIFIC    COAST    OP 

BRYAN'S    ROLLER   QUARTZ    ]VIILL. 

NEW    COMMON     SENSE    STEEL    WHIM. 

All  Complete  for  SI 50. 

No  cog-wheela  or  clntcbes  to  break.    Ninety  per  cent  of  this  Whim  is  wrought  iron  and  Bteel,  and  will  spring  or  bend  before   breaking,  and  beaidea 
can  be  repaired  at  any  blacksmith  shop,  should  breakage  occur,  thus  obviating  the  necessity  of  sending  away  hundreds  of  miles  sometimes,  and  waiting 

a  week  for  repairs.     The  Brake  sets  itself  when  the  horse  stops  or  anything  gives  way. 

It  can  be  packed  anywhere  a  jack  can  go,  the  heaviest  piece  weighing  but  100  pounds;  total 
weight,  650  pounds.  The  sweep  can  be  thrown  out  or  in  gear  at  any  time,  and  the  bucket  hoiafced, 
dumped  or  lowered  while  the  horse  is  in  motion.  It  is  just  as  safe  and  reliable  as  an  engine,  and 
can  be  handled  as  readily,  and  is  just  the  thing  to  open  np  a  .  mine  and  make  it  pay.  Spending 
thousands  of  dollars  in  fine  machinery  and  shaft  houses  has  **  busted"  many  a  company.  Buy  a 
COMMON  SENSE  WHIM,  and  when  you  have  got  more  ore  than  our  Whim  will  hoist,  then  it  is 
time  to  buy  an  engine,  not  before.  It  will  save  you  thousands  of  dollars  if  your  mine  should  not 
pay.  Being  all  iron  except  the  sweep,  it  will  not  rot,  warp,  twist,  or  get  out  of  true.  Being 
wrought  iron,  it  will  not  break  in  transportation.  We  also  make  Two,  Foub  and  Eight  Horse 
Power  Whims,  Derrick  Whims,  and  Building  Hoists,  Ore  Buckets,  and  everything  pertaining  to 
Horse  Power  Hoisting.     State  for  what  purpose,  and  at  what  place  you  want  to  use  it. 

H^  Come  and  see  one  at  our  works  in  operation,  or  send  for  circular. 


BUTTE,    MONTANA, 

The  railroad,  mming  and  commercial  center  of  the  new 
State,  oSera  some  of  the  best  iuducements  for  invest- 
ments in 

Real  Estate,  Mines  &  Mining  Stool< 

of  any  locality  in  the  Nortnwest.  For  particulars  addresa 
Ttie  Bvans-Terry-GlausBGu  Brokerage  Co., 
41  B.  Broadway.  Butte,  Moncana, 


Smelter  For  Sale  or  Exchange. 

One  EO-ton.  wrought  iron,  water-jacket  Smelting  Fur- 
nace (36"x60"  at  the  tuyeres)  of  the  latest  design,  wi  h 
Crusher,  Blower.  Boiler,  Pumps,  Engines,  Tools,  and 
everything  complete  for  immediate  delivery,  and  only 
used  about  Fix  months.  Cheap  for  cash,  or  will  exchange 
for  interest  in  a  Lead-Silver  Mine,  or  erect  in  any  mining 
camp  that  will  guarantee  a  certain  output.  For  further 
particulars  address  Box  2S,  Elkhom,  Montana. 


California  Inventors  IHH 

AND  Foreign  Patent  Solicitors,  for  obtaining  Patents 
aud  Caveats.  Eatabliahed  in  1860.  Their  long  experience  as 
joumaliBts  and  large  practice  aa  Patent  attomeya  enables 
them  to  offer  Pacific  Coast  Inventorfl  far  better  flurvice  than 
they  can  obtain  elaewhere.  Send  for  free  circulars  of  Inf or 
mation.  Office  of  the  BIiTaNG  and  SoiEamii'Tc  Pk«r«  acd 
Pacific  Kttrai.  Pbksb  No.  230  Market  8.,  Sao  FraaciBOE. 
Elevabot,  12  Front  Bt. 


TUBBS  CORDAGE  CO. 

(A  Corporation.) 

Constantly  on  hand  a  full  assortment  of  Manila  Rope, 
Duplex  Rope,  Tarred  Manila  Rope,  Hay  Rope,  Whale  Line, 
etc.,  etc. 

Extra  sizes  and  leng^s  made  to  order  on  short  notice. 

611  &  613  Front  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal, 


VOL.    LX.-  Number    4. 
DEWEY  A,  CO.,  PUBUSHER8. 


SAN    FRANCISCO,    SATURDAY,  JANUARY   25,    1890. 


Tbree  Dollars  per  Annum 

Single  CopicB,  10  eta. 


Concentration  o!"  Ore. 

A  modern  ooDcentrating  mill  inclOBes 
a  good  many  forms  of  maohinery  by 
which  ores  are  prepared  for  subsfqaent 
metallurgioal  treatment.  The  operation 
of  oonoentration  and  dreesing  ia  baeed 
on  the  d-fferenoeof  epeoi6o  gravity  of 
the  mineral  constitoente  of  an  ore,  by 
virtae  of  wbioh  the  mioerals  h&ve  aniike 
valooitlsB  in  falling  through  water  (it 
other  mediam).  Water  ie  preferably 
the  separating  mediom.  An  imprcved 
coDoentratiDg  plant,  such  aB  ia  made  by 
the  Union  Iron  Works  of  this  city,  is 
shown  on  this  page.  The  coarse  crash- 
ing of  the  ore  ia  done  by  rock^breakers, 
and  the  **  screenings "  or  coarse  stock 
from  the  rook'breakerB  is  farther  comml- 
nnted  by  rolls  or  stamps.  Bat  for  this 
parpona  rolls  are  preferable  inasmuch 
aa  their  ase  minimizas  the  amonnt  of 
slimes  iocideot  to   orushiDg, 

From  the  rolls  the  ore  passes  into  the 
first  (largest  aod  coarsest)  of  the  series 
of  6ve  revolving  screens  or  **  trommels." 
The  trommels  are  either  cylindrical  or 
conical  in  form.  In  the  former  class  the 
conveyaDoe  of  the  **  aoreenings  "  from 
the  delivery  end  to  the  discharge  end 
of  the  trommel  is  effected  by  the  inclina- 
tion  given  to  the  axis  of  the  trommels. 
In  the  latter  class  this  is  attained  by 
virtue  of  the  conical  shape  of  the  trom- 
mels. The  screenings  drop  through 
''spouts"  Into  the  jigs,  which  have 
sieves  corresponding  in  mesh  to  those  of  the 
delivering  trommels.  The  trommels  have  eheet* 
iron  receiving  aprons  into  which  the  ore  falls 
after  passing  through  the  perforationfi  of  the 
screens.  Through  these  aprons  the  ore  is  de- 
livered to  the  next  finer  sieved  trommel  of  the 
seriea. 

The  ordinary  type  of  jig  is  a  trough-shaped 
water-box  divided  into  two  compartments  by  a 
partition  extendiog  part  way  down.  In  some 
of  the  compartments  is  a  looaely-working 
plunger  operated  reciprocally.  In  the  other 
compartment  ia  a  fixed    horizontal  screen  on 


SECTIONAL    VIEW    OF    MILL    FOR    CONCENTRATINQ    AND    DRESSING    ORBS. 


which  the  sized  ore  ia  fed.  The  strokes  of  the 
plunger  oause  a  pulsation  of  water  through  the 
sieve.  The  ascending  current  raises  the  mixed 
particles,  which,  in  their  descent  through  the 
water,  arrange  themselves  in  layers  or  leade 
The  sorting  of  the  **eqnal- falling"  minerals 
takes  place  in  a  seriea  of  inverted  pyramidal 
boxea  called  *'SpitzkaBten."  Water  is  brought 
to  each  compartment  from  above  by  a  pipe, 
which,  discharging  the  water  downward 
against  the  bottom  of  the  box,  prodacea  an  aa- 
oendiug  current.  This  aacending  current  pre- 
vents the   depoaition   of    the   lighter  partiolea, 


which  are  oonaeqnently  carried  over  into  the 
next  box  in  the  seriea.  Theae  boxes  are  bo  ar- 
ranged as  to  cause  a  slowly  flowing  current 
throughout  the  aeries. 

Where  the  ayatem  of  hydraulic  clasaification 
is  more  extended,  a  aeries  of  boxes  is  used  un- 
der proper  conditions  as  to  size,  velocity  of  car- 
rent  produced,  etc.,  for  the  separation  of  the 
sands.  From  these  boxea  the  slimes  retained 
in  the  current  goes  to  the  slime  claasifioators. 

When  jigging  ia  not  praotioable  on  account 
of  the  extreme  fineness  of  the  slimes,  the  pulp 
ia  worked  on  round   tables,  buddies,  perouaston 


sk 


Cross  Section 

Wooden  Pig-PaUerns 

Fig.  5. 


„  Longitudinal  Section  , 
ScalQ  1  —  4''  a.a    Iron  Straps.l 


Successive  S'agesof  Flanging 


End  before  Flanging 


LongI,tudiQQ|.s.oction  of,*Jr.on.  Pig-Patterns 
HOLLOW    IRON    PIG    PATTERNS. 


tables,  Triumph  and  Frue  vanners,  etc.  A 
sizing  is  effected  by  these  machines.  The  larger 
partiolea  (apecifioally  lighter)  being  acted  upon 
'more  readily  by  the' flowing  water,  are  carried 
down  the  incline  planes  and  pass  away  aa  tail- 
ings, while  the  amaller  (specifically  heavier) 
particles  remain  as  concentrates. 

Hollow  Iron  Pig  Patterns. 

They  have  in  use  at  the  Durham  furnaces  in 
Pennsylvania  a  aet  of  hollow  pig  patterns  made 
of  iron  instead  of  the  usual  ordinary  wooden 
patterns.  The  iron  pattern  is  more  durable 
and  cheaper  in  the  long  run.  In  describing 
this  before  the  American  Institute  of  LTining 
Engineers,  Mr.  B.  F.  Faokenthal,  Jr.,  saye  : 
The  iron  pattern  is  made  of  the  best  flange 
iron.  No.  13  gauge.  After  the  sheets  have 
been  ont  to  the  proper  size,  three  heats  are  re- 
quired for  flanging.  At  the  first  heat  each 
piece  ia  stamped  in  a  oast-Iron  form,  which 
gives  the  proper  shape  to  the  bottom  part  of 
the  pattern,  as  shown  in  Fig.  2.  At  the  second 
heat.  It  is  flanged  at  5,  aa  shown  in  Fig.  3.  At 
the  third  heat,  it  is  flanged  at  a,  giving  the 
pattern  its  final  shape,  as  shown  in  Fig.  4.  The 
flanging  at  a  and  6  ia  done  on  a  square  mandril. 
These  corners  should  be  full  and  square.  It 
now  remains  only  to  put  the  pattern  together 
and  put  the  heads  or  ends  in.  The  ends  are 
also  made  of  No.  13  flange  iron  and  are  stamped 
in  a  oast-iron  form  or  die  by  means  of  an  old 
screw-punch,  the  iron  being  cut  to  the  proper 
shape  before  stamping,  as  shown  in  !Fig.  5. 

These  ends  can  be  made  very  quickly,  only  a 
few  seconds  being  required  for  the  stamping. 
The  finished  end  is  shown  in  Fig.  6  and  at  c 
and  d  Fig.  7. 

The  end  farthest  from  the  sow,  and  marked 
d  in  Fig.  7,  is  of  course  put  in  firat.  The  end 
next  to  the  bow  is  then  put  in  with  the  flanged 
part  to  the    outside,  as  shown  at  c  in  Fig.  7. 


56 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Jan.  25^  1890 


Gold-Panning  Machine. 

There  was  tested  this  morning,  saya  the  San 
Diego  Sun,  at  Sanger  &  White's  machine-Bhop, 
at  the  foot  of  Eighth  street,  a  new  invention 
for  panning  gold  out  of  gravel  that  seems  dea- 
tined  to  take  a  front  rank  in  the  economical 
extraction  of  the  precious  metal.  This  machine 
coDsistB  of  a  long  cylinder  body,  perhaps  IS 
inches  in  diameter  and  20  feet  in  length,  in  the 
center  of  which  a  set  of  iron  teeth  operate 
after  the  manner  of  a  harrow.  The  gravel  is 
shoveled  into  this  at  one  end,  and  by  the  time 
itpasses.  to  the  other  end  of  the  cylinder,  it 
has  received  a  thorough  pulverizing.  Here  the 
gravel  passes  out  of  the  cylinder  to  a  aeries  of 
plates,  these  plates  (connected  with  one  another 
in  terraced  form)  being  operated  by  a  move- 
ment which  is  very  much  after  the  manner  of 
hand-panning.  The  movement  seems  to  quite 
thoroughly  segregate  'the  gold  from  all  foreign 
substances,  but  when  a  small  residue  of  gravel 
is  left,  it  is  carefully  removed  and  panned  out 
by  hand.  The  gold  from  many  tons  of  dirt 
after  once  passing  through  the  machine,  is  ob- 
tained from  one  panning. 

In  the  course  of  the  experiments  with  thie 
new  invention,  about  $20  worth  of  fine  gold- 
dust  was  distributed  in  ^bout  ten  tons  of  dirt 
and  the  machine  turned  it  all  out  safely  again 
with  a  loss  of  only  about  Cve  per  cent,  and  even 
this  loss  will  be  easily  remedied.  The  maohine. 
will  cost  about  $200,  can  be  operated  by  a  four- 
horse  power  engine  and  boiler,  and  has  a  capac- 
ity of  100  tons  of  dirt  a  day.  The  inventor  is 
a  miner  named  McDuffy  from  near  Campo. 

[The  same  idea  has  been  carried  out  in  this 
State  years  ago,  the  revolving  cylinder,  bow- 
ever,  being  much  larger  in  diameter,  and  hav- 
ing a  acrew-fisnge  from  end  to  end,  to  pass  the 
material  along.  It  was  used  to  work  aurifer- 
ous gravel,  which  was  more  or  less  "  cemented  " 
together. — Eds.  Press  ] 


The  Local  Mmt. 

The  following  is  Coiner  Gorham's  report  of 

the  coinage  at  the  local  Mint  for  December  last, 

and  also  for  the  year  1889  : 

For  Jan.  1  to 

December.  Dec.  31. 

Double  eagles Sl,34t,000  §15,444.000 

Eagles 14,030  4,254,000 

Standard  dollars 500,000  70n,ono 

Dimes 97,267 

Totals Sl,g58,000  §20,495,207 

No  coins  were  made  last  July,  owing  to  the 
change  in  the  office  of  superintendent,  W.  H. 
Dimond  succeeding  Mr.  Lawton.  The  coinage 
of  the  other  months  varied  from  $1,390,000  in 
Jnne  to  $2,630,000  in  Aoguat.  The  coinage 
for  the  year  is  about  $5,000,000  less  than  In 
1888.  The  coinage  for  the  past  five  years 
amounts  to  $121,262,733,  an  avarag«  of  over 
$24,000,000  per  annum.  The  Sao  Francisco 
Mint  was  established  in  1854,  and  the  amount 
of  coin  turned  out  from  the  start  to  December 
31,  1889,  is  as  follows  : 

Gold  coin $739,321,857 

Silver  coin    114,653,887 

Total 8853,975,744 

The  above  is  California's  contribution  to  the 
world's  stook  of  gold  and  silver  coins. 


Death  of  Emlen  Painter. — Prof.  Emlen 
Painter,  president  of  the  American  Pharma- 
ceutical Association,  and  one  of  the  trustees  of 
the  New  York  College  of  Pharmacy,  died  of 
consumption  at  his  home  at  Spuyten  Dayvil, 
January  15th.  Prof.  Painter  was  born  at  Con- 
cord, Pa.,  in  1844.  His  parents  were  leading 
members  of  the  Society  of  Friends,  and  Emlen 
was  educated  at  the  Friends'  College  in  Wil- 
mington, Del.  He  was  also  a  graduate  of  the 
Philadelphia  College  of  Pharmacy  in  the  class 
of  1866.  After  Graduating  he  removed  to  San 
Francisco  in  1876,  and  waia  elected  Professor  of 
Physics  in  the  San  Francisco  College  of 
Pharmacy, and  subaequently  waa  president  of  the 
college.  In  July  last,  at  the  Convention  of  the 
American  Pharmaceutical  Association,  held  in 
San  Francisco,  he  was  unanimously  elected  presi* 
dent  of  the  association,  and  two  months  later 
he  waa  appointed  to  represent  the  State  of  Cal- 
ifornia at  a  convention  for  the  revision  of  the 
Uoited  States  Pharmaoopcela  to  be  held  at 
Washington  in  the  fall  of  the  present  year. 


From  a  "Worked  Out"  Mine, — The  North 
Star  Mining  Company,  operating  in  this  dis- 
trict, has  declared  dividend  No.  5  of  50  cents 
a  share,  aggregating  $50,000.  This  makea 
$250,000  in  dividends  paid  by  the  North 
Star  under  the  present  management.  And  this 
mine  was  shut  down  years  ago,  "  worked  out  I ' 
Yet  it  haa  within  three  or  four  years  been  re-' 
opened,  supplied  with  a  hoisting  and  pumping 
plant  and  40  stamp  mill  second  to  none  in  the 
State,  in  addition  to  paying  a  quarter  of  a 
million  in  dividenda  I  Botween  150  and  200 
men  are  given  employment.  The  Eaipire,Omaha 
and  Hartery  are  also  shining  examples  of 
"  worked-out  "  mines. — Oraas  Valley  Tidings. 


During  the  month  of  Ddcember  last  there 
were  shipped  over  the  Eureka  &  Palisade  rail- 
oad  the  following  from  the  mmes  of  Eureka 
Ustrict :  Sixty  tons  of  Richmond  lead,  180 
ons  of  crude  bullion  and  534  tons  of  ore. 


Mining  Burean  Museum. 

Among  the  recent  contributions  to  the  Muae- 
um  of  the  California  State  Mining  Barean  are 
the  following: 

Aznrite,  in  very  large  and  handsome  crystals, 
from  Bisbee,  Arizona,  and  native  copper  with 
ohalcocite  from  the  same  locality;  presented  by 
D.  L.  MoBgrove, 

Topaz  from  Colorado;  F.  E.  Monteverde. 

Several  specimens  of  eold  and  silver  ores  from 
various  mines;  W.  H   V.  Cronise. 

Five  specimens  of  gold  quarlz  from  as  many 
different  mines  in  Amador  county,  Cal.;  W.  Q 
Mason. 

Rich,  copper  ore,  Monterey  county,  Cal.; 
F.  Ssone. 

R  oh  copper  ore,  Alaska;  D/.  E.  Von  Hasa- 
loober. 

Fluorite,  Sin  Bernardino  county,  Cal.;Jaa, 
H.  Boyd. 

G  psum  of  good  quality  from  a  large  deposit 
in  Ventura  Co.,  C*l  ;  F.  S.  Hall. 

Placer  gold  of  very  peculiar  form,  Pilmetto, 
Esmeralda  Co.,  Nev. 

Gjld  in  limonite,  Fresno  Co.,  Cal.;  J.  E, 
Hutchinaon. 

Group  of  mica  crystals,  Harney  Peak, Dakota; 
R.  D.  Atkina. 

Copper  ore  and  chromic  iron,  Fifteen-Mile 
House,  Siinta  Clara  Co.,  Cal. 

A  large  number  of  specimens  of  gold  and 
silver  ores,  etc.,  from  San  Bsrnardino  Co.,  Cil. 

Aragonite  (onyx  marble),  granite  and  otber 
building  atones  from   Sin  Bernardino  Co..  Cal. 

Crystallized  gold  on  quartz  crystald.  Love- 
lock, Batte  Co.,  Cil. 

Cnmmingtooite  from  near  Daggett,  Oal. 

Asbestus  from  near  Bjirstow,  Cal, 

Almandite  garnet  wiih  crystallized  magnetite, 
Kern  Co.,  Cal,;  A.  Blanc. 

Chrome  mica — fuofasite — Aroh  Bsach,  Orange 
Co.,Cal.;H.S.  Goff. 

Realgar  in  calcite.  Trinity  county,  Cal.;  J. 
S.  Thompson. 

Stream  tin,  Potato  Gulch,  South  Dakota; 
Joseph  Swett. 

Asbastas,  Orange  River,  South  Africa;  R.  H. 
Jones. 

Prehistoric  pottery  from  ancient  g'-aves  at 
Tarbigo  and  Labano,  Andes  Mts.,  U,  S.  of 
Colombia;  D.  T.  Hughes. 

Pdudernite,  San  Bernardino  Co.,  Cal, 

E'ght  specimens  Pennsylvania  graoiteEi;  J.  Z 
Davis. 

Malachite,  polished;  John  Carry. 

Gold  in  jiBoer  and  calcite,  Alvoid  mine,  San 
Bernardino  Co.,  Cal. 

Three  fine  slabs  of  polished  marble,  Ce^U- 
fornia  Marble  and  Bailding  Stone  Co.,  Cotton, 
Oil.;  also  a  very  handsome  slab  of  polished 
aragonite. 

Fme  terra-ootta  medallion;  Gladding,  Mc- 
Bean  &  Co. 

Cinnabar,  very  rich,  Prescott,  A.  T,;  G.  K. 
W.  McNara. 

Minium,  Tulare  Co,,  Cal.;  M.  B^averman. 

Fme  specimens  of  Colemanite,  Calico,,  CaL; 
Mrs.  Perry. 

Five  interesting  mineral  specimens  from  East- 
ern States  ;  D.  C   Stone, 

Tfventy  ethnoligical  specimens  from  San 
Nicholas  island,  Ventura  Co.,  Cal. 

Biamutite  and  bismuthinite  with  gold.  Oasis, 
Mono  Co.,  Cal.;  George  B.  Terrell. 

The  following  have  been  donated  by  J.  Z. 
Davia  ; 

Montmorillonite,  Auburn,  Maine, 

Ten  specimens   atone  axea,  Santa  Fe,  N.  M. 

Pickeriogite,  Tarapaca,  Criili. 

Calcite,  "hacked"  with  micaceous  iron,  Cum- 
berland, Eag. 

Aluoiinum,  cast  and  wrought. 

Silicified  wood,  section  from  the  Arizona  pat- 
rified  forest,  polished. 

Iceland  soar,  fine  specimen, 

Pyrite,  Dux,  Bohemia. 

Tetrahedrite.  Kapuick,  Hungary. 

Descolizite,  New  Mexico. 

Dolomite,  Camberlaud,  Eog. 

Limonite,  Sie£ren,  Prussia. 

Brochantite,  Frisco,  Utah. 

Marcasite,  Guanajuato,  Mexico. 

Marcasite,  Lyme  Rsgia,  Eog, 

Birite,  Penn, 

Crystallized  quartz  and  agate,  large  polished 
specimen. 

Two  verjT  handsome  specimens  of  onyx,  pol- 
isbed. 

Four  large  and  very  beautiful  specimens  of 
agate,  polished. 

Gold  quartz,  very  rich.  Peterson  mine,  Cargo 
Muchacho  district,  San  Diego  county,  Cal.; 
Tbos.  E.  Frszer. 


_  Leadville  and  Aspen. — Aspen's  output  of 
silver  and  lead  during  the  year  1889  amounted 
to  nearly  $7,500,000.  Leadville  figures  up  to 
more  than  $13,000,000.  The  latter  camp  al- 
ways claims  everything  shipped  from  her  smelt- 
ers and  we  presume  she  has  done  the  same  this 
year.  We  have  not  made  a  close  estimate 
of  the  amount  that  Aspen  furnished  to  the 
smelters  of  our  sister  camp,  but  during  much  of 
the  time,  one-half  and  often  more  than  one- 
half  of  the  weekly  output  was  conaigned  to 
them.  It  may  thus  be  safely  asaerted  that 
nearly  $3,000,000  of  the  amount  which  Lead- 
ville claims  waa  furniahed  by  Aspen.  Her  re- 
ceipts from  other  points  must  also  have  been 
considerable,  and  it.  is  probable  that  the  pro- 
duction of  the  mines  of  that  camo  did  not 
amount  to  more  than  $9,000,000,  or  "about  the 
same  as  they  produced  in  1888,  The  increaae 
claimed  over  last  year's  figures  is  all  accounted 


for  by  the  increased  importations  from  the  Sil- 
ver Metropolis.  We  have  no  desire  to  pull 
Leadville  down,  but  it  is  oar  duty  to  expose 
her  when  she  seeks  to  make  a  strained  oontraat 
between  herself  and  our  own  city.  During  1890 
Aspen  will  produce  more  than  $9,000,000,  and 
unless  Leadville  secures  a  bona  fide  increase, 
she  will  have  to  yield  first  place  to  Iter  rival  on 
this  side  of  the  range. — Aspen  Times. 

Comstock  Tunnel  Company. 

Theodore  Sutro,  president,  makea  the  follow- 
ing statement  of  the  financial  condition  of  the 
Comstock  Tunnel  Company,  December  1,  1889: 

Total  indebtedness,  $3,000,000,  covered  by 
30-year  first  mortgage  non- accumulative  bonds, 
of  which  $2,139,000  have  been  issued;  surplus 
cash,  $115,000.  The  uncollected  royalty  due 
in  October  and  November,  1889,  amounts  to 
about  $34,000.  Gross  receipts  from  the  prop- 
erty (including  money  received  from  the  min- 
ing companies  for  making  certain  new  connec- 
tions with  the  mines)  for  the  12  montha  ending 
Sept.  1,  1889,  were  $261,133  02;  operating  ex- 
penses in  Nevada  (not  including  the  coat  of  the 
aforesaid  new  oounections)  daring  the  same 
period,  $88  994,32. 

As  regards  the  future,  it  is  stated  that  the 
average  receipts  per  annum  for  the  three  years 
ending  Sept  1,  1889  (including  money  received 
for  the  aforesaid  new  connections  during  the 
same  period)  were  $276,915.67;  average  operat- 
ing expenses  in  Nevada  during  the  same  period 
(includine  cost  of  aforesaid  new  connectione) 
were  $83,337  38.  As  no  new  connections  ot 
any  magnitude  with  the  mines  are  in  contem- 
plation for  the  coming  year,  it  is  estimated  that 
the  income  for  the  year  ending  September  1, 
1890,  will  probably  be  about  $265,000.  The 
operating  expenses  will  probably  not  exceed 
$70,000;  other  expenses  outside  of  Nevada, 
$14,000,  making  a  total  of  $84,000.  Net  in- 
come for  1890,  about  $181,000;  inteiest  on 
bonds  the  current  year,  $85,560;  net  surplus 
above  expenses  for  1890,  $95,440;  surplus  avail- 
able for  the  redemption  of  bonds,  paying  divi- 
dends and  extending  the  tunnel  at  the  close  of 
the  fiscal  year,  Sept.  1,  1890,  will  be  about 
$210,440.      

The  Trusts  and  Combines. 

Continuing  briefly  the  comments  in  previous 
issues  upon  the  baneful  power  of  the  trusts  and 
combines  which  are  operating  in  agricultural 
products,  we  note  a  dispatch  on  Jan.  13ch  from 
Kansas  City,  which  annouoces  that  the  Ameri- 
can Live-stock  Commiesion  Company  will  dis- 
band within  a  few  days.  This  company  waa 
organized  about  a  year  ago  for  the  purpose  of 
saving  members  the  money  they  were  paying 
to  commission  men  in  Kansas  City  and  Chi- 
cago, A  hundred  thousand  dollars  was  recent- 
ly divided  as  the  first  year's  dividenda. 

A  prominent  member  of  the  association  says 
Armour,  Swift  and  Hammond  have  threatened 
to  boycott  the  concern  iti  the  interest  of  the 
brokers.  The  Kansas  City  and  Chicago  Live 
Stook  exchangea  also  threaten  to  do  the  same 
thing  by  the  Chicago  and  Alton  Railway  if  it 
continues  to  tease  the  cars  of  the  association. 
Thus  the  great  combine  is  killing  out  opposition 
to  the  middlemen  who  work  in  its  interest,  and 
tightens  its  grip  upon  common  carriers,  so  that 
the  public  avenues  of  transportation  caonot  be 
available  to  parties  outside  the  combine.  There  ia 
a  little  gleam  of  hope  that  the  waya  of  the  trusts 
may  be  made  hard  in  the  depression  in  trust 
circtee  in  New  York  over  the  iujanotion  pre 
venting  them  from  changing  their  form  to 
avoid  recent  lawa;  also  over  the  decision  of 
Judge  Wallace  of  San  Francisco.  The  pub 
lie  should  congratulate  itself  that  there  are 
some  things  which  promise  to  check  the  prog- 
ress of  these  gigantic  evile. 

An  Important  Case. — A  case  of  more  than 
usual  interest  has  been  commenced  in  the 
Superior  Court  by  J.  E  Prewett,  attorney  for 
plaintiffs,  not  only  on  account  of  the  large 
amount  of  money  and  property  involved,  but 
also  on  account  of  the  important  land  questiona 
to  be  determined.  The  suit  is  to  recover  a 
tract  of  very  valuable  mining  land  situated 
near  the  Mayflower  mine,  on  the  Forest  Hill 
divide,  together  with  $51  000  rents  and  profits 
Judge  Spaar  and  W.  H.  Ballock  own  the  mine 
under  the  mining  laws,  and  the  Mayflower 
Company  claims  it  under  a  patent  to  the  rail- 
road company.  The  land  has  been  known  to 
be  mineral  land  from  1860  down  to  the  present, 
and  the  determination  of  the  question  will  \>& 
of  interest  to  many  miners  in  all  parts  of  the 
mining  regions  as  to  whether  the  railroad  com- 
pany can  acquire  a  valid  patent  to  land  known 
to  be  mineral  at  the  time  of  the  passage  of  the 
railroad  grant  in  1862.  The  Mayflower  Com- 
pany is  in  possession  of  the  property  and  is  the 
defendant  in  the  suit;  and  W.  H.  Ballock, 
Judge  Spear,  J.  S.  Raea  and  R,  Greenwood  are 
the  plaintiffa. — Placer  Jiepublican. 

The  Miners'  Union  in  Virginia  City  has 
elected  the  following  officers  for  the  first  six 
mouths  of  the  ensuing  year:  President,  Mi- 
chael J.  Owens;  vice-president,  Daniel  McFad- 
den;  recording  secretary,  M.  Norton;  financial 
secretary,  Bernard  Ooyle;  treasurer,  C.  E. 
Mack;  conductor,  Jerome  Qainlan;  warden,  W. 
B  James;  Library  Directors — Michael  Carroll, 
Henry  Hatherel,  Levy  Atkinson,  James  Don- 
worth,  Peter  Malloy;  Finance  Committee,  John 
Finnegan,  M.  Abrams,  T.  W.  Flynn. 


Drugs  and  Doctors. 

It  was  the  remark  of  the  celebrated  Dr. 
Boerhaave  that  the  physicians  in  his  day  were 
like  a  blind  man  armed  with  a  club;  they  raised 
the  club  and  struck  ;  if  they  hit  the  disease 
they  killed  it;  if  they  hit  the  patient  they  killed 
him.  It  is  surely  a  matter  of  gratification  that 
human  life  and  health  in  our  day  are  subject  to 
no  such  blundering  and  nnoertainty.  Dr. 
George  M.  Gould  in  the  December  number  of 
the  Forum  speaks  almost  rapturously  of  the 
wonderful  advancement  medicine  has  made  as 
a  science.  He  says:  *'If  one  thoroughly  con- 
versant with  the  medical  progress  of  the  last 
few  years  takes  up  even  the  beat  work  on  pathol- 
ogy or  general  medicine  ieaaed  five  or  ten  years 
ago,  he  is  astonished  to  find  how  much  seems 
old  and  outgrown."  He  states  it  as  a  fact  that 
the  death  rate  in  England  from  zymotic  dis- 
eases had  been  reduced  one-half,  and  in  the 
class  called  fevers  within  the  past  20  vears  the 
death>rate  had  been  reduced  from  20.000  to 
5873. 

While  we  willingly  acknowledge  the  debt  of 
gratitude  we  owe  the  medical  profession  for 
their  tireless  energy  ift  improving  the  healing 
art  and  its  handmaid,  sanitation,  still  there 
are  many  of  the  profession  who  are  very  skep- 
tical, if  not  pessimistic,  in  their  estimate  of 
power  over  disease.  Dr.  Holmes  once  made  the 
remark  that  if  the  whole  materia  medica  were 
cast  into  the  sea,  it  might  be  worse  for  the 
fishes,  bat  would  certainlv  be  better  for  man. 
Dr.  George  K.  Welch  of  Keyport.  N.  J.,  in  an 
address  before  a  medical  school  on  "Many 
Drugs  for  Remedies,"  gives  a  very  sad  and 
graphic  description  of  the  helplessness  of  the 
average  doctor  in  the  presence  of  disease.  He 
says:  "Where  is  the  young  doctor  who  does 
not  believe  in  the  magic  of  drugs,  and  the  old 
doctor,  if  he  is  a  wise  man,  who  does  not  look 
upon  the  most  of  them  as  mischievous,  and  the 
minority  as  deserving  of  reatriction  ?  The 
pathologist  is  skeptical  of  them  all,  Do  we 
waiting  behind  the  eye  of  Koch  know  anything 
of  tuberculosis  or  believe  that  be  does?  Does 
not  the  ravage  go  on?  And  who  has  won  emi- 
nence in  caring  yellow  fever  ?  Are  men  no 
longer  in  dread  of  the  cholera?  Who  cures 
rheumatism  or  chronic  Bright's  disease?  And 
where  is  the  stout  heart  that  never  failed  be- 
fore th£  patient  burning  and  broiling  in  the 
horrible  slow  flame  of  pyEemia  ?  "  Stille  and 
Matrch's  dispensatory  gives  a  list  of  150  reme- 
dies for  rheumatism,  from  grandma's  teas  and 
fomentations  to'  the  last  specialist  with  40 
grains  of  salicylic  acid  to  the  dose.  And  what 
is  true  of  rheumatism  is  largely  trne  of  all 
other  diseases.  There  are  many  drugs  but  few 
remedies. 

That  medicine  is  not  an  exact  science,  nor 
likely  soon  to  be,  is  evident  from  the  great  nn- 
gertainty  of  diagnosis.  There  are  very  few 
diseases  whose  signs  and  symptoms  are  so  oon- 
stant  that  no  mistakes  can  be  made,  and  no 
fact  ia  more  notorious  than  the  almost  daily 
difference  of  opinion  among  doctors. 

Of  course  the  first  thing  to  decide  on  enter- 
ing the  sickroom  is,  what  is  the  matter.  To 
fail  here  is  to  fail  in  practice,  and  hence  the 
abilty  to  diagnose  la  the  surest  test  of  real 
medical  genius.  Most  any  one  may  prescribe 
when  it  is  known  what  ia  the  trouble,  and  the 
ability  to  diagnose  is  by  no  means  an  acquired 
talent,  for  in  that  case  the  dootora  would  all  be 
nearly  of  equal  merit.  They  all  read  and 
study  the  same  books.  They  are  generally  well 
posted  in  anatomy  and  physiology.  They  all 
look  at  the  tongue,  explore  the  pulse,  go 
through  the  process  of  auscultation  and  percus- 
sion. But  in  opinion  and  practice  it  is  well 
known  they  often  go  widely  of  the  mark. 
However  valuable  the  schools  may  be,  the  fine 
insight,  the  acute,  delicate  and  quick  percep- 
tion that  characterizes  the  superior  physician,  ia 
something  that  cannot  be  found  in  the  books  or 
transmitted  through  a  diploma. 

We  suspect,  however,  that  one  cause  of  so 
many  mistakes  in  the  treatment  of  disease 
comes  from  the  fact  that  the  physician  is  too 
haety  in  making  up  his  mind.  Here  the  patient 
is  uaually  largely  to  blame.  He  expects  the 
doctor  will  be  able  to  tell  him  what  is  the 
matter  on  the  first  visit,  and  the  doctor  is 
afraid  to  frankly  state  bis  doubt  and  take  time 
more  thoroughly  to  study  the  case.  The  pa- 
tient may  grow  alarmed  and  aend  for  some  one 
else.  But  were  all  physicians  equally  careful 
and  cautious,  their  patients  would  soon  learn 
not  to  expect  the  doctor  to  jump  to  a  conclu- 
sion at  the  first  visit, 

But  passing  all  this  by,  we  can  hardly  agree 
with  most '  doctors  in  regard  to  prognosis. 
While  quite  free  in  making  a  diagnosis,  they 
are  usually  very  reticent  on  progoosie.  Now 
the  knowledge  of  an  incurable  disease  does  not 
aggravate  the  malady  nor  hasten  its  progress, 
and  surely  one  who  is  approaching  his  end  has 
an  indefeasible  right  to  know  it.  The  matter 
may  require  prudence  and  wise  caution,  biit  we 
have  seen  so  much  horror  thrown  around  the 
deathbed  by  delusive  hopes  that  we  cannot  re- 
gard such  a  course  as  anything  less  than  iuex- 
ousable  sympathy,  if  not  absolute  cruelty. 

Cigarette  Smoking. — Soaerious  a  detriment 
to  health  has  cigarette-smoking  become  in 
Frankfort,  the  capital  of  Kentucky,  that  the 
Governor  made  special  reference  to  it  in  bis 
late  message,  and  the  city'  authorities  have 
followed  up  the  matter  by  passing  an  ordinance 
forbidding  the  sale  of  cigarettes  in  that  city. 


Jan.  25,  1890  J 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


57 


The  Martin  White  Suit  Ended. 

After  maoy  years  of  long  tad  wearisome  llti- 
gatiOD,  the  celebrated  Martin  White  miniog 
case  was  dtsmiased  in  Jadge  Lawler's  conrt  last 
week. 

The  suit  had  its  birth  In  the  old  Nineteenth 
Dibtriot  Ojnrt,  and  the  boodle  of  da^ty  reoords 
tied  np  with  a  string  is  all  that  is  left  of  this 
famoQS  suit. 

Like  **Jarndyoe  vs.  Jarndyoe/' told  of  in 
Diokens'  celebrated  Bleak  Uoase,  many  of 
those  who  had  an  interest  in  Its  doal  result  have 
long  since  become  dust. 

The  suit  was  brought  by  Martin  White 
against  Annis  Merrill,  John  A.  Hooper,  F.  B. 
Hooper,  K.  D.  Sawyer  and  Geo.  C.  Hickok. 
The  Mirtio  White  Mining  Co.'s  mines  were  lo* 
oated  at  Ward,  in  Nevada,  and  the  capital 
stock  of  the  company  comprised  100.000  shares, 
of  which,  on  the  28th  day  of  April,  1877.  White 
claimed  to  own  58  6*25.  His  eait  was  brought 
agaicst  these  men  as  eharebolders  to   recover 


the  current  year,  with  an  eooonragiog  probabil- 
ity that  a  return  to  50-ceDt  dividends  will  be 
recorded  before  its  expiration.  The  payment 
of  this  last  dividend  aggregates  a  total  of  $3,- 
S58,300  disbarsed  to  shareholders  during  the 
patt  three  years  out  of  the  ore  HIeooverv  made 
in  1886.  and  a  total  of  above  $80,000,000  dis- 
bursed from  bullion  realized  from  ore  extracted 
from  the  ground  Inoladed  in  the  Cons.  Cal.  and 
Vs.  bouodaries  since  the  discovery  of  the  first 
bonanza  in  1874. 


Califokma's  Wkaltii  of  Gulu  — "The gold 
in  yonr  soil  is  not  by  one-tenth  exhausted," 
said  an  {''.aglish  mining  expert  to  a  reporter  in 
the  Palace  hotel.  **  Your  mining  induetry  is 
as  yet  in  its  iofancv,  and  half  that  you  produce 
you  let  go  to  loss.  Now,  I  have  jast  made  an  in* 
spection  of  certain  minea  in  behalf  of  an  East- 
ern company,  the  locality  of  which  I  will  not 
tell  you,  as  I  am  not  advertising  any  section  of 
this  State,  nor  any  particnlar  mines,  and  my 
journey  carried  me  pretty  well  all  over  the 
mining    counties   of    the    State,    both    north 


Ie  a  Flower  Garden. 

Our  engraving  prcaentB  a  pbotographto  view 
in  a  well  kept  Kem  county  garden  located  on 
Greenfields  Kinch,  as  the  property  is  appro- 
priately called.  The  situation  is  about  ten 
miles  south  of  Bikersfield,  and  the  ranch  is  one 
of  the  several  belonging  to  Haggin  &,  Oarr,  and 
the  view  represents  a  part  of  the  ornamental 
horticulture  which  surrounda  the  superin- 
tendent's cottage.  In  the  foreground,  the  large 
circular  bed  Is  planted  with  geraniums  and 
pinks  arranged  around  the  fan  p'alm  in  the 
center.  To  the  right  is  a  large  locust  tree,  up 
the  trunk  of  which  a  Cherokee  rose  has  grown, 
reaching  nearly  to  the  top  of  the  tree,  forming, 
when  in  bloom,  an  immense  bouquet  nearly  the 
size  of  the  tree  itself.  Upon  the  left  is  an  end 
view  of  the  cottage,  with  its  veranda  opening 
into  a  long  grape  arbor  which  extends  to  the 
building,  the  roof  of  which  is  seen  in  the  dis- 
tance.    Upon  the  veranda  ie  Bevis,  the  faith- 


CoMSTocK  Total  Bullion  Yield. — A  corre- 
spondent is  Informed  that  In  estimating  the 
total  bullion  yield  of  the  ComBtook  lode  from 
its  discovery  to  date  at  $500,000,000.  the  esti- 
mate includes  bullion  realized  from  the  work- 
ing  of  ore  tailings.  The  estimate  also  inoludes 
the  bullion  realized  from  ore  extracted  from 
mines  operated  on  individual  account,  of  which 
no  record  of  the  exact  amount  is  obtainable. 
Following  is  a  statement  of  the  bullion  yield  of 
some  of  the  principal  mines  on  the  Comstook 
lode:  Ophir,  $20,000,000:  Savage,  $16,500,000; 
Hale  and  Norcross,  $1.3,500,00;  ChoUar  and 
Potosi,  $21,000,000;  Gould  and  Curry,  $15,500,- 
OnO;  Yellow  Jioket,  $16  500.000;  Crown  Point, 
S24  000,000;  Belcher,  $.30.000. 000;  Overman, 
$4,500,000;  Imperial,  $2,750,000;  Kentuck, 
811,500  000;  Con.  Cal.  and  Virginia,  $123.000,- 
000. —  Virginia  Chronicle, 

Peocjress  of  toe  Irrioation  Survey. — The 
report  of  the  Irrigation  Survey  for  the  month 
of  November,  lately  received  by  the  Secretary 
of  the  Interior,  8tates,that_field-work,waB  car- 


GARDEN  SCENE  ON  GREENFIELDS  RANCH,  NEAR  BAKERSFIELD,  KERN  COUNTY, 


$68,000  and  over  for  money  he  had  advanced 
the  mine  from  time  to  time. 

Then  the  oauBes  of  the  trouble  go  on  through 
a  thousand  pages  of  legal  cap,  in  which  White 
attempted  to  show  that  the  mine  was  in  debt, 
and  that  was  the  reason  why  he  advanced  the 
money.  When  asked  ^by  he  did  not  allow  an 
assessment  to  be  levied  to  defray  these  ex- 
penses, he  replied  that  when  he  aaked  his 
friends  to  buy  into  the  mine,  he  represented 
that  it  was  so  rich  that  there  would  never  be 
any  need  of  an  assessment,  and  after  telling 
them  that,  said  White,  *'I  had  rather  be  at  a 
personal  loaa  than  that  they  should  be  pun- 
ished with  asseaaments." 

Why  the  suit  was  diamisaed  does  not  appear, 
nor  does  Judge  Messick,  who  has  grown  gray 
in  the  long  weary  years  of  its  trial,  oare  to  tell. 


Cons.  California  and  Virginia. — The  Jan- 
nary  dividend  of  $54,000  by  the  Cons.  Cal.  and 
Va.  mine  is  the  32d  dividend  declared  by  the 
company  since  its  incorporation  nnder  the  pres- 
ent title  in  January,  1886.  The  first  was  30 
cepts  per  share,  the  following  30,  50  oenta 
per  share,  and  the  present  is  the  first  of 
25  cents  a  share.  The  prospect  is  favorable 
that  monthly  dividends  of  25  cents  per  ahare 
will  be  declared  by  the  company  throughont 


and  south;  and  I  will  freely  state  to 
you  that  my  reports  were  of  a  favorable  charac- 
ter. Why,  there  are  thousands  of  dollars  of 
Eastern  and  English  capital  waiting  for  an  op- 
portunity to  find  investment  in  California, 
which  has  been  scared  off  by  the  land  boom,  but 
which  could  be  induced  to  come  into  yonr 
mines  if  yon  would  only  abow  aome  enterpriee 
yonraelvea.  But  I  must  say  that  some  of 
your  means  of  working  out  gold  belong  to  an 
antedilnvian  period,  and  your  miners  are  fre- 
quently in  the  habit  of  allowing  their  snlpbnrets 
to  run  to  loss  instead  of  saving  them.  Now, 
with  the  Introdnotion  of  new  machinery  and 
the  nse  of  an  improved  style  of  mining,  I  pre- 
dict that  yonr  minea  will  produce  aa  much,  if 
not  more,  than  your  grain*fielda  and  orchards. 
Your  mines  are  not  by  any  meana  exhausted 
and  are  to*day,  in  my  opinion,  the  best  prop- 
erty any  one  could  Invest  in." 

The  Federal  Land  OfGce  at  Sacramento  has 
decided  in  favor  of  the  claim  of  John  B,  Hob- 
son  to  Iowa  hill.  This  needs  confirmation  by 
the  General  Land  Office. 


The  Automatic  Can  Machine  Co.  has  aued  the 
Pacific  Can  Co,  for  infringement  of  patent  on  a 
machine  for  placing  and  soldering    heads  in 


ful  watch-dog  of  the  ranch,  and  just-beyond  his 
figure  is  the  trunk  of  the  weeping  willow  whose 
graceful  branches  are  seen  above  the  grape 
arbor.  This  willow  ie  but  12  yeara  old  and  has 
a  trunk  six  feet  in  circumference.  The  picture 
ie  quite  suggestive  of  the  quiet  and  warmth  of 
the  California  valley  in  aummer-time — a  good 
place  for  a  day  dream,  or,  as  its  products  show, 
a  good  place  also  for  industry^  as  the  heart  of 
man  ia  inclined. 


Anti-Trcst  Bill. — Oh  the  14ch  inat.  the 
Senate  Committee  on  Finance  considered  Sher- 
man's bill  to  declare  truata  unlawful.  After 
adopting  several  amendments,  which  do  not 
afifect  the  principle  or  scope  of  the  measure,  the 
committee  ordered  a  favorable  report  to  be 
made  to  the  Senate, 


The  State  Board  of  Prison  Commissioners 
have  decided  to  establish  the  new  Preston 
Home  of  Industry  on  land  purohaaed  from  the 
lone  Coal  and  Iron  Co.,  half  a  mile  north  of 
lone,  Amador  county. 

Notwithstanding  the  comparativo  inactivity 
of  the  Richmond  and  Eureka  Con,  Companies, 
says  the  Sentinel,  the  proapeota  of  the  oamp 
are  brighter  than  could  have  been  expected  a 
year  ago. 


ried  on  in  California,  Nevada,  Colorado  and 
Idaho.  In  the  California  and  Nevada  section 
parties  have  finished  the  work  aaaigned  to 
them.  The  topography  of  250  square  miles  of 
Pyramid  Peak  sheet  area  in  California  and  the 
Reno  sheet  area  in  Nevada  was  completed. 
The  report  of  the  Hydrologic  diviaion  was  pur- 
sued noly  in  California  and  the  Rio  Grande  val- 
ley. New  Mexico.  In  California,  examinationa 
were  made  of  a  segregation  of  irrigable  lands  in 
the  valley  of  Owen'a  river.  The  Hydrographi- 
oal  party  inaugurated  some  experiments  in  Cal- 
ifouiia  for  gauging  rivers  by  means  of  an  ap- 
paratus worked  from  shore.  A  oamp  is  being 
located  on  Tuolumne  river. 


Hand-Painted  Textiles  promise  to  be  very 
popular  thia  year  In  holiday  goods.  The  latest 
improvement  in  this  class  of  decorative  work  is 
a  process  by  which  the  colore  are  laid  on  with  a 
pen  in  place  of  the  heretofore  inevitable  brush. 
Very  delicate  shading  ia  produced  by  the  new 
method. 

It  is  estimated  that  Philadelphia  In  fighting 
the '* grip"  consumed  2,000,000  quinine  pills, 
weighing  about  a  ton,  in  ten  days.  If  other 
dtiea  swallow  quinine  at  the  same  rate,  a 
scarcity  of  the  diag  is  more  imminent  than  an 
ice  famine. 


58 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Jan.  25,  1890 


IjQiNIJnJG  gUMMAF^Y, 

The  following  in  mostly  coudensed  from  jouxnalB  published 
ID  the  mterior,  in  proxlmltF  to  the  mines  mentioned. 


I  Owing  to  the  prevailing  snow- blockade  on  the 
railroads,  we  are  this  week  without  our  usual  ex- 
changes from  Nevada,  Utah,  Idaho,  Montana,  Ore- 
gon, Washington  and  portions  of  California,  which 
will  account  for  the  absence  of  current  mining  news 
from  those  places. — Eds.  Press.] 


CALIFORNIA. 

Amador. 

^  South  Spring  H1L.U— Ledger,  Jan.  18;  It  is 
pleasing  to  be  able  to  report  that  this  mine— un> 
questionably  the  best  bullion-producer  in  the  county 
to-day — is  looking  better  than  ever.  Judging  from 
all  appearances  it  has  a  long  career  of  prosperity  be- 
fore it.  The  ore  body  is  large  and  of  excellent 
grade,  and  the  properly  is  ably  managed  by  John 
R.  Tregloan,  the  superintendent,  to  whose  judg- 
ment the  development  of  this  grand  mine  is  mainly 
due. 

Miscellaneous. — R.  M.  Ford  was  in  Jackson 
the  latter  part  of  last  week,  delivering  stock  of  the 
North  Gover  Improvement  Co,  to  the  subscribers, 
and  collecting  the  two  cents  pzr  share  on  the  same. 
A  carload  of  concentrator  machinery  arrived  at  the 
depot  Wednesday,  consigned  to  the  Amador  gold 
mine,  at  Jackson.  There  is  now  about  40  tons  of 
machinery  at  the  depot  for  this  mine.  The  ten 
stamps  of  the  Sutter  Creek  mill  are  now  running 
steadily,  the  usual  amount  of  ore  being  milled 
daily.  The  company  will  open  their  main  tunnel 
as  soon  as  supplies  can  be  hauled  in. 

Sutter  Creek. — The  mines  are  now  running 
along  quite  smoothly  on  account  of  the  excellent 
condition  in  which  the  Amador  canal  is  kept.  The 
Lincoln  mine  has  met  with  an  interruption  on  ac- 
count of  losing  the  vein.  They  will  run  a  crosscut, 
and  expect  to  strike  the  ledge  again  in  a  few  days. 

Galaveras. 

Waiting  Transportation. — Calaveras  Pros- 
pect,  Tan.  18:  We  hear  that  500  tons  of  mining 
supplies  and  310  tons  of  coke  for  Copperopolis  are 
now  at  the  Milton  warehouse  awaiting  transporta- 
tion to  the  mines. 

Sheep  Ranch  Mine. — Two  large  wire  cables  for 
the  Sheep  Ranch  mine  were  brought  into  town  on 
Saturday  evening  last  by  teamsters  Javeaux  and 
Bryan.  The  cables  weighed  2000  pounds  each,  and 
were  both  put  upon  the  reels  at  the  mine  on  Sunday, 
the  i2lh  inst.  The  water  having  been  sufficiently 
reduced,  operations  were  resumed  with  a  full  force 
of  men  on  Monday.  The  animated  puff  of  steam 
and  the  renewed  rumble  of  the  stamps  at  the  mill 
are  cheering  sounds  to  all.  Our  people  had  begun 
to  predict  a  long  and  dull  season  of  inactivity  for 
our  village. 

The  Utica  Mine. — Mouniahi  Echo,  Jan.  16: 
Work  is  being  prosecuted  in  the  slopes  running 
north  and  the  mill  is  kept  in  operation  crushing  ore 
taken  from  that  part  of  the  mine.  The  work  to  re- 
cover the  bodies  of  the  dead  miners  is  progressing 
in  the  south  end,  but  owing  to  the  broken  up  and 
dangerous  condition  of  the  ground  progress  in  that 
direction  is  necessarily  slow.  Nothing  new  has 
been  developed  during  the  past  week  and  the  dead 
miners  still  slumber  in  the  position  in  which  the 
death-dealing  cave  has  laid  thera.  As  we  stated 
several  weeks  ago,  it  will  be  many  weeks  and  per- 
haps months  before  any  of  the  bodies  can  be  recov- 
ered. Nevertheless  the  public  and  the  friends  of  the 
dead  have  the  consolation  of  knowing  that  the  com- 
pany is  doing  its  whole  duty  in  the  matter. 

El  Dorado. 

Gulch  Claims.— Placer ville  Oiserver^  Jan.  21: 
Everything  is  still  quiet  among  the  various  claims  in 
the  county,  save  in  one  or  two  of  the  large,  well-de- 
veloped mines.  The  cold,  stormy  weather,  with  a 
heavy  snowfall,  has  stopped  all  outside  work  of 
every  description,  and  but  little  work  can  be  done 
in  the  developed  claims  that  are  not  well  housed  in. 
All  mining  ditches  are  frozen  up  at  their  heads,  and 
water  is  scarce.  It  was  hoped  by  all  miners  that 
the  big  storm  had  ended,  and  that  warm,  thawing 
weather  would  follow,  giving  plenty  of  water  for 
milling  and  gulch  work.  There  are  a  great  many 
good  gulch  claims  yet  left  in  the  county,  remote 
from  water-courses,  which  can  be  worked  only  in  a 
season  of  abundant  rainfall,  such  as  the  one  upon 
us  this  year.  Every  ravine  or  swag  where  a  head  of 
water  could  be  obtained  had  its  busy  miner  some 
time  back,  and  the  prospects  were  for  a  large  aggre- 
gate clean-up  from  this  source  throughout  the  coun- 
ty; but  freezing  weather  came  suddenly,  and  has 
lasted  well,  with  the  result  that  the  water  is  checked 
and  gulch  claims  are  idle  awaiting  a  thaw,  which 
now  appears  to  be  remote. 

El  Dorado. — The  most  important  news  of  the 
week  among  the  mines  is  from  the  old  Church  mine, 
now  known  as  the  El  Dorado,  situated  in  El  Dorado 
mining  district,  adjoining  the  famous  Springfield 
mine  from  which  Hayward,  Hobart  and  Pound- 
stone  have  realized  sued  a  fine  fortune  in  years  gone 
by.  The  El  Dorado  mine  was  purchased  a  couple 
of  years  ago  from  G,  G.  Blanchard  of  this  city,  by 
Ex-Governor  Perkins,  Jacob  NefF,  W.  H.  Brown 
and  others,  who  believed  they  secured  a  fine  prop- 
erty. The  mine  had  lain  idle  for  a  number  of  years 
with  but  little  development  work  done  on  it.  The 
new  owners  began  prospecting  it  in  a  systematic 
manner,  employing  as  their  superintendent  one  of  the 
best  practical  miners  on  the  coast,  Mr.  Richards, 
formerly  with  the  Hotaling  Iron  Co.  at  their  mines 
in  Placer  county.  They  began  a  new  shaft,  striking 
good  ore  at  once,  soon  erected  a  mill,  crushing  a 
large  amount  of  rich  rock.  About  a  year  ago,  hav- 
ing prospected  to  their  satisfaction,  the  company 
determined  to  put  in  a  thorough  system  of  works,  at 
the  same  time  putting  the  mine  in  the  best  shape 
possible  for  working.  This  they  have  accomplished 
during  the  past  summer  and  now  have  works  not 
excelled  by  any  mine  in  the  county.  Their  new 
double-compartment  shaft  is  a  model  in  every  parti- 
cular and  adapted  to  the  expeditions  handling  of  a 
tremendous  amount  of  ore.  The  shaft  is  now  down 
about  550  feet  with  about  50  feet  more  to  go  on  the 
present  contract,  the  job  of  sinking  having  been  let 
in  contracts  of  200  feet  each.  The  shaft  was  started 
considerably  east  of  the  lode,  which  dips  cast,  and 
it  was  expected  to  cut  the  lode  at  a  good  depth  and 
then  test  its  worth  as  compared  with  the  surface 


rock.  During  the  past  week  at  a  depth  of  a  little 
over  550  feet  the  contractors  struck  the  vein,  which 
was  found  to  be  seven  feet  through  of  fine  rock, 
free-milling  and  rich.  This  magnificent  ore  body  of 
rich  material  is  a  bonanza  for  its  owners,  and  shows 
alraoat  conclusively  that  the  El  Dorado  is  one  of  the 
richest  mines  in  the  State.  It  has  heretofore  had 
the  name  of  being  one  of  the  finest  properties  in  the 
county,  and  has  done  for  its  owners  what  no  other 
mine  in  the  county  has  done,  and  what  can  be  said 
to  be  true  of  few  mines  in  California — namely,  it  has 
paid  its  way  from  the  start  and  paid  handsome  divi- 
dends besides. 

Various  Claims.— The  news  from  the  El  Dorado 
this  week  is  not  only  good  news  for  its  owners,  but 
for  every  mining  man  in  the  county.  For  several 
years  past  El  Dorado  county  has  been  looked  at  sus- 
piciously by  men  of  capital  inclined  to  invest  in 
mines,  from  the  fact  that  a  great  many  men  had 
taken  hold  of  claims  only  to  give  them  up  after  put- 
ting considerable  money  into  them.  This  was  look- 
ed upon  as  a  suspicious  circumstance,  and  the  fail- 
ures were  of  course  attributed  to  the  fact  that  the 
mineral  was  not  here,  rather  than  to  any  failure  of 
management  or  a  proper  development  of  the  claims 
taken  hold  of.  The  few  claims  that  have  been  well 
developed  in  the  county  show  conclusively  that  the 
n'ineral  is  here  and  stays  with  depth.  There  are  the 
Montezuma  at  Nashville,  the  McNulty,  El  Dorado 
and  Springfield  at  El  Dorado,  the  Mount  Pleasant 
U  Grizzly  Flat,  the  Kelsey  at  Kelsey,  the  St.  Law- 
rence at  Louisville,  the  Taylor  at  Garden  Valley, 
and  others,  all  mines  that  have  paid  handsomely 
and  have  been  well  developed.  All  but  the  Mount 
Pleasant  at  Grizzly  Flat  are  on  the  well-defined 
Mother  Lode  belt,  showing  that  pay  rock  is  to  be 
found  along  the  entire  belt,  from  the  famous  Key- 
stone in  Amador  to  the  rich  and  unfailing  mines  in 
Nevada  county.  Most  of  these  claims  have  been 
taken  hold  of  by  numerous  individuals  and  compa- 
nies and  as  often  abandoned  as  worthless,  like  many 
other  claims  in  the  county;  but  it  is  a  noteworthy 
fact  that  such  of  these  claims  as  have  been  taken 
hold  of  by  men  of  experience,  with  thorough  and 
competent  men  to  manage  them,  have  proven  to  be 
immensely  rich  with  depth  and  have  paid  large  fort- 
unes into  the  pockets  of  the  undaunted  owners. 
The  developments  in  the  El  Dorado  have  added 
point  to  these  remarks,  for  the  El  Dorado  is  a  mine 
that  has  passed  through  varied  experieoces,  was 
generally  considered  of  no  account  and  was  bought 
by  the  present  owners  for  a  mere  trifle.  Yet  by 
judicious  management  the  hidden  wealth  has  been 
unearthed  and  dividends  have  been  paid  while  pros- 
pecting the  claim  and  erecting  buildings  and  ma- 
chinery, and  the  mine  placed  in  the  front  rank  of 
the  rich  mines  of  the  county. 

Nevada. 

The  "Tie-Up."— ^iW/w^j,  Jan.  14:  The  situ- 
ation at  the  mines  is  uncbangpck,  but  the  "tie-up" 
will  not  be  of  long  duration.  At  the  Idaho  only  the 
pump  is  in  operation,  by  water-power;  steam  is  run- 
ning the  Empire  pump,  and  water  the  North  Star 
pump.  The  mills  and  miners  are  idle,  save  that  at 
the  North  Star  the  machine  drill  operators  and 
contractors  are  at  work.  Steam  is  operating  the 
Hartery  machinery,  but  the  mill  remains  idle. 
Water  from  Wolf  creek  is  being  utilized  at  the 
Omaha,  and  it  is  expected  to  start  up  the  mill  this 
evening  with  power  from  the  same  source. 

Omaha  Mine.— Grass  Valley  Union,  Jan.  21: 
The  Omaha  mine  has  not  been  interrupted  in  its 
operations  and  its  eighteen  stamps  have  been 
pounding  away  through  the  whole  of  the  storm 
siege,  while  all  the  other  stamps  of  the  district  are 
idle.  The  company  fell  back  on  its  former  plan  of 
taking  water  from  Wolf  creek  to  run  the  big  Pelton 
wheel  and  has  thus  been  able  to  continue  with  but 
brief  interruption. 

Filled  Up  with  SNOW.-Graw  Valley  Unio?i, 
Jan.  19:  No  news  from  the  South  Yuba  Canal,  as 
to  its  condition,  but  it  is  supposed  to  be  filled  up 
with  snow,  which  may  have  to  be  shoveled  out  be- 
fore water-power  can  be  furnished  to  the  mines  of 
this  district.  The  miners  have  before  them  an  in- 
definite season  of  idleness. 

Placer. 

Too  Late.— Placer  Herald,  Jan.  18:  According 
to  W,  Hill,  Grant  Van  Vacior  was  a  month  too 
late  in  starting  to  put  up  his  machinery  at  Canada 
Hill.  He  succeeded  in  getting  his  cabin  built,  but 
the  timbers  and  lumber  for  the  mill  and  the  machin- 
ery are  lying  under  25  feet  of  snow.  The  mortar 
was  set  and  the  gallows-frame  was  up  -before  the 
storm  began. 

Channel. — John  Schipraan  has  a  valuable  claim 
on  New  York  Canyon  and  estimates  thai  he  will 
have  to  run  his  tunnel  only  75  feet  further  to  tap 
the  channel. 

San  Diego. 

A  Dandy  Prospect.— Julian  Smii?icl,  Jan.  17: 
The  new  20-stamp  mill  at  the  Stonewall  mine  is  ex- 
pected to  be  put  in  operation  by  the  first  of  next 
month.  It  will  be  a  dandy  mill,  on  a  dandy  mine, 
and  we  suspect  it  would  take  a  dandy  pile  of  cash 
to  buy  it.  There  are  other  dandy  mines  in  these 
mountains,  too,  the  Ready  Relief  for  instance,  but 
then,  it  is  not  owned  by  a  governor. 

Santa  Barbara. 
Beach  Mining.— Lompoc  Record,  Jan.  12: 
There  are  now  at  work  in  the  beach  mines  five  com- 
panies, all  doing  well.  There  is  nothing  fabulous  in 
these  mines,  but  it  is  demonstrated  that  it  pays  to 
work  them,  There  seems  to  be  no  exhausting  a 
claim.  With  each  recurring  tide  the  mines  are  sur- 
charged  with  gold  so  that  practically  the  mines  are 
inexhaustible.  For  months  the  same  ground  has 
been  mined  over,  week  after  week.  The  opinion 
prevails  among  the  miners  that  this  fine  gold  is  car- 
ried along  in  the  Japan  currents  which  are  known 
to  touch  the  coast  above  Point  Conception  at  the 
point  where  these  mines  are  the  best.  It  has  been 
suggested  that  by  the  use  of  a  dredging  machine 
gold  in  much  larger  quantities  might  be  secured. 

Sierra. 
Gravel. — Mountain  Messenger,  Jan.  11:  The 
Wide  Awake  Mining  Co.  has  struck  gravel  in  its 
new  main  tunnel,  and  expects  to  take  out  pay-dirt  by 
next  spring.  The  company  has,  in  our  opinion,  one 
of  the  best  gravel  claims  in  this  county. 

Shasta. 

Closed  Down.— C<?«riVr,  Jan.  i8:    Wm.  T.  St. 

Auburn,  Supt.  of  the  Niagara  mine,  French  Gulch, 

was  here   Thursday,   and   went   on   up  to   French 

Gulch  to  close  down  the  entire  works  on  account  of 


the  weather,  and  until  a  more  favorable  season  of 
the  year. 

More  Stamps.— Redding  Free  Press,  Jan.  16: 
The  Gladstone  M.  Co.,  French  Gulch,  will  add 
immediately  ten  stamps  to  their  12-stamp  Paul  bat- 
tery, making  22  stamps,  and  a  capacity  of  45  tons 
every  24  hours. 

Tuolumne. 

Too  Hai^d. — Independent,  Jan.  i8:  The  men 
who  took  the  contract  of  sinking  the  Bonanza,  shaft 
at  $14  per  foot  have  quit,  as  they  could  not  make  it 
pay,  owing  to  hard  ground.  The  company  have 
now  taken  hold  of  the  work  themselves,  and  are 
operating  Burleigh  drills. 

Eureka. — Sonora  Democrat^  Jan.  18:  The  Eu- 
reka mine  at  Summersville  is  being  reopened  and 
further  developed  after  many  years  cessation  of 
work.  Hayward  &  Hobart  are  the  owners  of  this 
property,  and  it  is  a  valuable  one.  It  is  situated 
north  of  the  Dead  Horse. 

NEVADA. 

\77aBhoe  District. 

Hale  and  Norcross. — Virginia.  Chronicle,  Jan. 
14  :  A  body  of  ore,  in  some  places  two  timber  sets 
{12  feet)  in  width,  is  developed  on  the  1200  level  in 
the  Hale  and  Norcross  mine.  Car  samples  of  this 
ore  show  an  average  value  of  $35  per  ton.  This  ore 
is  the  upward  continuation  of  that  developed  nearly 
three  years  ago  on  the  1300  level.  At  that  time  a 
winze  was  sunk  on  the  ore,  but  it  proved  too  narrow 
to  extract  and  convert  into  bullion  profitably.  The 
streak  was  followed  north  and  south  with  lateral 
drifts,  and  a  raise  driven  into  it  qbove  the  south 
lateral  drift  showed  no  improvement  in  width,  A 
north  raise  was  recently  made  in  the  ore  above  the 
1300  level,  following  the  strike  of  the  vein,  which 
led  to  the  development  mentioned  above.  The  fact 
that  it  has  steadily  widened  as  it  was  followed  up- 
ward indicates  that  a  much  greater  breadth  will  be 
found    in   raising    on    the   vein    lo  the  1000  level. 

Ophir.— 5f  Telegraph,  Jan.  18:  On  the  1300- 
foot  level,  from  the  end  of  the  east  crosscut  on  the 
shaft  station,  a  south  drift  is  advanced  225  feet  from 
the  end  of  the  east  crosscut,  316  feet  from  the  shaft 
station,  continuing  in  porphyry,  mixed  with  quartz, 
showing  value. 

Con.  Cal.  and  Va.— From  the  slopes  on  the 
1300,  1435.  1500,  1600  and  1650-foot  levels  the  ore 
yield  during  the  past  week  has  been  almost  entirely 
suspended  on  account  of  the  ore  side  tracks  being 
blockaded  with  snow.  The  men  employed  on  the 
ore  slopes  are  temporarily  laid  off  for  the  same 
reason. 

Savage. — Explorations  are  progressing  as  usual 
on  the  400,  560  and  600  levels.  Ore  shipments  are 
temporarily  suspended. 

Hale  and  Norcross. — We  shipped  to  the  Ne- 
vada mint  during  the  week  537  tons  of  ore.  The 
falling  off  is  due  to  the  snow  blockade  of  the  ore- 
house  side  track. 

Chollar. — We  crushed  210  tons  of  ore  during 
the  week,  showing  a  pulp  assay  value  of  S25.5oper 
ton. 

Belcher. — The  850-foot  level  east  crosscut  is  in 
porphyry,  showing  streaks  of  quartz.  The  200-foot 
level  east  crosscut  is  still  in  low-grade  quartz. 

Seg.  Belcher. — Ore  bunches  are  still  showing 
in  the  i2oo-foot  level  drift  from  the  winze. 

Imperial. — West  crosscut  No.  i,  on  the  500-foot 
level  joint  Confidence-Challenge  drift,  is  still  in 
quariz  and  porphyry.  West  crosscut  No.  2,  on  the 
300-foot  level,  continues  to  show  bunches  of  ore. 

Overman, — We  have  opened  the  laoo-foot  level 
preparatory  to  stripping  ore  near  the  Seg.  Belcher 
mine. 

ARIZONA.  • 

Tombstone  District.  —  Prospector,  Jan.  16: 
There  is  a  satisfaction  in  knowing  that  a  crisis  is 
approaching  in  Tombstone's  history — that  longed- 
for  period  when  something  will  have  to  be  done 
toward  pumping  out  the  water,  or  a  virtual  aban- 
donment of  the  mines  that  are  the  big  producers 
of  the  camp.  There  is  no  disguising  this  fact  even 
on  the  part  of  the  owners  themselves.  The  Con- 
tention folks  are  putting  up  $20,000  per  year  to 
keep  their  works  and  mine  m  shape.  This  has 
been  a  matter-of-fact  durmg  the  three  past  years, 
and  that  company  has  expressed  a  flat-footed  fiat 
that  tliey  will  not  continue  to  pay  out  money  any 
more  without  some  resulting  benefits.  The  Grand 
Central  Co,  are  feeling  in  the  same  mood  as  re- 
gards their  properties,  which  will  soon  be  in  shape 
to  hang  up  unless  a  deep  working  proposition  is 
made  and  accepted.  In  Tombstone  district  and 
vicinity  very  little  has  been  done  of  importance. 
The  Comet  is  shipping  no  ore  at  present,  but  sink- 
ing is  progressing  rapidly.  The  Herschell  is  pro- 
ducing good  ore  in  the  north  end.  Ritter  struck  a 
very  rich  pocket  during  the  week  in  the  Sunset. 
Some  of  the  ore  that  he  brought  in  is  half  metal. 
A  contract  was  about  to  be  closed  with  the  Sterling 
mill  for  the  working  of  3000  tons  of  ore  from  Tur- 
quoise district.  It  is  understood  now,  however, 
that  the  deal  was  not  consummated. 

Mohave  Co. — Minety  Jan.  18:  The  lessees  of 
the  Rural  mine  have  made  another  strike  of  good 
ore.  J.  P.  Finegan,  is  working  a  force  of  men  on  a 
claim  below  the  Ithaca  and  is  taking  out  some  fine 
ore.  Garcia  &  Jeminez  have  about  18  inches  of 
fine  ore  on  their  gold  claim  near  the  Connor  mine. 
P.  H.  Leddy  struck  a  fine-looking  prospect  last  Sun- 
day near  Mineral  Park,  which  shows  wire  gold  in 
the  croppings.  T.  A.  Murphy  is  working  a  claim 
near  the  Tuckyho  which  shows  up  an  ore-bearing 
streak  8  inches  wide,  which  assays  10  ounces  in  gold 
and  12  in  silver.  Henry  P.  Ewing  has  on  the 
dump  of  the  Tuckyho  mine  about  eight  tons  of  high- 
grade  ore.  The  Esmeralda  mine,  near  Cerbat,  at 
the  depth  of  115  feet  shows  up  a  three-foot  ore  body, 
which  assays  70  ounces  in  silver  and  20  ounces  in 
gold  per  ton.  The  Rattan  mine  has  been  closed 
down  temporarily,  awaiting  the  erection  of  a  mill 
for  the  treatment  of  their  ores.  The  company  ex- 
pect to  have  the  mill  ready  for  operation  by  May. 
In  Gold  basin  operations  will  be  commenced  at  an 
early  day  by  the  O.  K.  mining  company.  Water 
pipe  sufficient  has  been  purchased  to  lay  six  miles  of 
pipe  line.  A  mill  will  be  put  up,  and  it  is  expected 
that  the  mines  and  mill  will  be  in  operation  by  the 
first  of  May.  An  additional  flow  of  water  was 
struck  at  Patterson's  well  recently  which  insures 
plenty  of  water. 

Mineral  Park. — A  gentleman  from  Mineral 
Park  gives  us  the  following  notes  in  regard  to  ore 


now  on  the  dumps  and  awaiting  shipment  at  the 
various  mines  in  that  place  and  Chloride:  Coon  & 
Son  on  the  Sabbath  Bell  have  a  fine  lot  of  ore  for 
shipment.  Erin  Sherman  has  about  20  tons  of  ore 
ready  for  shipment  from  the  Rainbow.  The  Queen 
Bee,  Park  &  Henson,  have  icg  sacks  of  ore  on  the 
dump  awaiting  the  big  team.  Durden  &  Frolich 
have  a  lot  of  ore  from  their  new  claim  in  Chloride 
ready  and  expect  to  ship  a  carload,  McKinnon  & 
Kostar  have  a  carload  of  ore  on  the  Attalla  dump 
ready  for  the  teams.  This  ore  carries  a  large  per- 
centage of  copper.  E.  F,  Thompson  has  about  30 
tons  of  ore  on  the  Ehapiredump,  awaiting  shipment. 
This  is  high-grade  ore  and  will  net  a  handsome  sum. 

BRITISH  COLUMBIA. 

Alluvial  Diggings.— Victoria  Colonist,  Jan.  11: 
Prospectors  in  the  Chilcoten  country,  about  150 
miles  direct  east  from  Soda  creek,  have  discovered 
alluvial  diggings  which  give  promise  of  turning  out 
well.  Three  creeks  were  prospected,  and  from  each 
excellent  prospects  of  gold  were  secured,  although 
the  ground  has  not  as  yet  been  properly  opened  up. 
The  men  who  have  visited  the  region  are  confident 
that  they  have  a  rich  find.  The  creeks  are  on  the 
western  slope  of  the  coast  mountains,  and  empty 
their  waters  into  Bute  inlet. 

DAKOTA. 

Syndicate  SMELTER.-^Deadwood  Pioneer,  Jan. 
11;  Syndicate  smelter  blew  in  yesterday  for  a  two- 
weeks'  run  on  ore  from  the  Ross-Hannibal,  I=a- 
dorah.  Double  Standard  and  Toronto.  Until  the 
run  is  completed  results  will  not  be  known,  and  they 
will  not  even  then  if  the  same  secrecy  is  preserved 
that  has  marked  the  policy  of  those  having  the  ex- 
perimental plant  in  charge  to  the  present  time. 

An  Important  Deal.— Some  monihs  ago  men- 
tion was  made  of  the  fact  that  Patrick  Killoren  and 
Stephen  J.  Breyer  had  struck  a  body  of  very  excel- 
lent silver  ore  on  certain  locations  they  made  on 
Jim  creek.  Several  claims  were  located  and  they 
are  now  known  as  the  Calibogo  group.  Killoren 
and  Breyer  at  once  went  to  work  developing  the 
property;  work  met  excellent  results,  what  was  ap- 
parently barren  ground  only  a  little  while  before  be- 
gan developing  into  mines  of  more  than  common 
value.  Certain  Lead  City  parties  learned  the  facts 
and  became  interested.  Among  them  was  Ernest 
May,  who  through  Judge  Rhinehart  negotiated  a  go- 
days'  bond  on  the  property  for  a  good  round  sum, 
of  which  $1500  cash  was  paid  at  the  time.  The  bond 
is  just  about  expiring,  and  Breyer,  one  of  the  own- 
ers of  the  claims,  in  town  last  night,  staled  to  a 
Pioneer  reporter  he  had  no  doubt  conditions  of  the 
bond  will  be  fulfilled  within  a  day  or  two  and  the 
property  purchased.  The  Calibogo  ore  carries  a 
large  percentage  of  lead,  an  element  hitherto  scarce 
in  the  Hills,  and  until  the  pyritic  process  was  found 
applicable,  essential  to  smelting  our  ores.  When 
the  sale  is  consummated  it  is  believed  parlies  pur- 
chasing will  at  once  begin  working  the  mines  on  an 
extensive  scale,  put  up  a  large  plant  and  regularly 
turn  out  bullion. 

Float.— Considerable  interest  is  felt  in  the  test 
run  being  made  on  the  Glendale  tin  mine  near  the 
Etta,  by  one  of  Gates  machines.  If  it  is  success- 
ful, one  or  more  will  be  ordered  (or  Nigger  Hill 
mines.  The  machines  only  cost  $2500  on  board 
cars  at  Chicago,  and  it  is  hoped  that  it  will  be  a 
success. 

LOWER    OALIPORNIA. 

Alamo. — Lower  Californian,  Jan.  12:  Business 
at  Alamo  has  been  quieter  than  usual  for  a  week  or 
two  past,  owing  in  a  great  measure  to  the  heavy 
rains  which  have  fallen  in  that  district,  efTeclually 
putting  a  damper  on  any  progress  being  m^de  in 
the  various  mines.  Twenty-eight  inches  of  rain  is 
said  to  have  fallen,  and  it  will  do  good  in  disclos- 
ing various  placer  diggings  which  exist  in  that  lo- 
cality. The  Lane  mill  is  the  only  one  in  operation 
at  present.  This  mill  crushed  io|^  tons  of  ore  from 
the  Asbestos  mine  the  latter  part  of  last  month, 
which  yielded  $525.  This  is  a  high  average  and 
sustains  the  good  reputation  of  the  Asbestos.  Fe- 
liciano  Aldrele  has  bought  a  half-interest  in  the 
Todos  Santos  mine,  southwest  of  the  Tarantula. 
It  is  pronounced  a  rich  mine.  Fifty-four  tons  of 
Aurora  ore  run  $40  per  ton  in  Lane's  mill  a  few 
days  ago.  Judge  Kerr  has  sold  his  half-interest  in 
Lane's  mill  to  J.  M.  Gonzalez,  and  the  Judge  in- 
tends to  put  up  a  Wiswell  mill  of  his  own  in  camp. 
Major  Geo.  B.  Zimpleman,  of  the  El  Paso  M.  M. 
Co.,  went  out  to  Alamo  Tuesday,  accompanied  by 
Mr.  Charles  Dobler,  an  experienced  miner,  who 
will  hereafter  superintend  the  El  Paso  Co.'s  several 
mines  and  mill.  Major  Zimpleman  slates  their 
mill  will  soon  commence  on  500  or  600  tons  of 
ore  now  on  the  dump  from  the  Avalina  and  El  Paso 
mines,  and  that  they  intend  to  push  their  work. 
Judge  A.  J,  Reeves,  of  the  Liberty  Mining  Co., 
whose  mill  is  located  at  Santa  Clara,  in  Mexican 
Gulch,  has  been  in  town  nearly  a  month  waiting 
for  the  roads  to  become  passable  in  order  to  bring 
lumber  from  Tableta  to  inclose  their  mill  and  make 
other  improvements.  The  heavy  roads  and  rainy 
weather  have  prevented  them  from  doing  any  work 
whatever.  The  International  Co.  has  let  contracts 
for  sinking  shafts  4  by  8  feet,  and  50  feet  deep  from 
the  surface,  to  be  well  limbered,  on  the  Grande  and 
Penelope  mines;  and  also  for  a  shaft  50  feet  deep 
from  the  surface  and  4  by  5  feet  in  size,  to  be  well 
timbered,  on  the  Spider  mine. 

NEW  MEXICO. 

The  Eclipse.  — Kingston  Shaft,  Jan.  11:  De- 
velopment upon  this  mine  is  being  pushed  ahead  by 
Sup't    Renchler.     Four  men  are  employed. 

The  Gray  Horse.  —The  ore  bodies  on  this  mine 
show  up  as  good  as  ever.  The  vein  is  being  strip- 
ped, and  systematic  explorations  inaugurated. 

The  Illinois.— This  " Old  Reliable "  retains  a 
full  force  of  men.  and  continues  to  produce  regu- 
lariy.  It  is  presumed  that  the  Illinois  now  has  a 
continuous  pay  streak  of  ore  for  a  distance  of  over 
300  feet. 

The  U.  S. — This  property  continues  develop- 
ment by  driving  the  main  tunnel.  From  the  winze, 
ore  is  constantly  being  taken  out,  and  the  ore  body 
holds  its  own. 

The  Brush  Heap.— This  famous  producer  con- 
tinues  to  open  out  new  ore  bodies.     It  is  reported 


Jan.  26,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  ruEss. 


59 


thai  it  now  has  a  lai^er  aad  richer  body  of  ore  in 
sight  than  ever. 

The  Gvpsv. — This  mine  continues  to  produce 
steadily.  An  upraise  is  now  being  made  on  the  ore 
body,  and  a  winze  is  also  being  sunk»  which  is 
showing  ore  in  fair  quantities.  It  is  reported  that 
by  the  first  of  the  next  month,  several  prominent 
mines  will  resume  active  operations. 

Hiu^j«)RO  DiSTkiCT. —  Morris  Lundy  and 
Thomas  Long,  owners  of  the  Heien  mine,  began 
work  on  this  property  last  Tuesday. 

B(jnan;^a.— The  Pioneer  mill  is  running  day  and 
night  upon  ore  from  the  Bonanza  mine.  'Ihis  week 
they  wiH  finish  up  a  400-ton  run,  and  then  stop  to 
clean  up.  7~he  mine  is  in  splendid  condition,  and 
the  slopes  fui  of  ore. 

El  Oho. — This  property  is  being  worked  steadily 
under  the  management  of  Mr.  Richard  Troeger. 
The  new  main  working  shaft  is  now  down  100  feet, 
and  is  thoroughly  timb'-'red.  Ors-houses,  boarding- 
houses,  bunk-houses  and  a  fine  shaft-house,  are  now 
partially  conipleied.  over  50,000  feet  of  lumber  be- 
ing used  in  their  construction,  It  is  the  intention 
of  the  company  to  sink  ibis  shaft  500  feet  before 
stopping. 

The  Mamie  Richmond.— This  mine  is  working 
regularly  under  the  lease  system,  as  well  as  by  the 
company,  and  the  present  workings  are  all  in  ore. 
The  first  of  the  week,  a  carload  was  shipped  to  Den- 
ver, from  which  the  returns  have  been  received, 
which  ran  $157  per  ton,  gold  and  silver. 

Caledonia  and  Hibeknia.— These  properties 
lie  northeast  of  Warm  Springs,  and  are  showing  up 
very  well.  The  former  shows  a  paystreak  of  six 
nches  of  gold  ore.  Mr.  John  Donaboe  recently 
purchased  a  one-third  interest  in  the  Caledonia  and 
a  one-fourth  interest  In  theHibernia.  W.  S,  Hope- 
well alfo  purchased  an  equal  interest  in  each  of 
these  mines,  John  Ryan  retaining  the  remainder  of 
the  interests.  They  recently  made  a  test  mill-run 
of  five  tons  of  ore,  which  gave  a  return  of  $65.50  per 
ton  in  gold,  which  was  highly  satisfactory  10  the 
owners. 

The  Golden  Era. — The  main  shaft  on  this 
raioe  is  down  100  feet,  and  levels  run  at  50  feet, 
which  show  from  three  to  four  feet  of  ore  similar  in 
character  to  the  ores  of  the  Mamie  Richmond  mine, 
assaying  well  in  gold  arid  silver. 


JGQai^ket  J^eports. 


Local  Markets. 

San  Francisco,  Jan.  23,  1890. 

The  almost  impassable  condition  of  interior  roads, 
together  with  snow  blockades  on  two  leading 
railroads,  and  several  feeders,  has  interrupted  gen- 
eral trade  to  such  an  extent  as  to  make  our  princi- 
pal business  streets  wear  more  a  holiday  appearance 
than  at  any  time  this  year.  Although  few,  if  any, 
merchants  enjoy  enough  business  to  cover  current 
expenses,  yet  each  and  all  are  very  hopeful  of  the 
future  a^id  look  forward  to  a  more  prosperous  year 
than  enjoyed  for  a  decade.  Remittances  are  still 
slow,  but  money  does  not  appear  to  be  close  except 
in  exceptional  instances.  The  banks  appear  to  be 
well  supplied  with  funds  and  doubtless  meet  all 
legitimate  requirements  of  regular  customers. 

The  steamer  City  of  Peking,  hence  January  22d 
for  China,  etc.,  carried  the  following  shipments  of 
treasure: 

TO  HONG  KOIfQ. 

Chinese,  Mexican" doUare S24,0S2  00 

Chinese,  yold  coin 1,975  00 

Anglo-Californian  Bank,  Mexican  dollara 230,000  00 

Hong  Kong  and  Shaoghai  Bank,  Mexican  dol- 
lars   181,000  00 

Total ,  .8437,057  00 

MEXICAN  DOLLARS— The  market  has  ruled 
quiet  throughout  the  week,  with  toward  the  close 
quite  a  shading  in  prices,  being  quoted  yesterday  at 
75J^@76  cents,  and  to  take  at  the  same  range. 

SILVER — The  principal  buyer  has  been  the 
United  States  Mint.  The  price  paid  was  advanced, 
in  sympathy  with  higher  prices  at  the  East  and 
abroad,  to  gyJi  cents,  but  on  Monday  lower  prices 
were  paid,  and  again  on  Tuesday,  with  a  still  fur- 
ther decline  on  Wednesday,  the  price  being  yester- 
day (Wednesday)  96^  cents.  The  available  supply 
is  still  light,  due  largely  to  snow  blockades.  The 
recent  advance  abroad  was  owing  to  free  purchases 
by  India  and  not  to  the  Bank  of  England.  The  lat- 
ter institution,  it  is  stated  by  those  in  position  to 
know,  has  not  bought  silver  bullion,  but  the  English 
Government  did,  which  was,  at  the  time,  noted  and 
cimmented  on  by  this  paper;  but  the  Government 
has  not  bought  any  bullion  within  the  past  five  or 
six  weeks.  The  proposition  to  allow  the  bank  to 
carry  one-third  of  its  reserve  in  silver  has  always 
been  allowable,  made  so  by  an  Act  of  Parliament 
years  ago,  but  has  not  been  laken  advantage  of. 
The  issuing  of  ^i  not°s  against  silver  is  a  good 
proposition  and  will  undoubtedly  bs  done.  In  both 
Ireland  and  Scotland  ^r  notes  are  in  general  use 
and  found  to  meet  with  favor.  The  Chancellor  of 
Exchequer  is  at  work  on  some  kind  of  general  plan 
to  give  relief  to  the  English  money  market  by  still 
further  introduction  of  silver  coin. 

In  the  local  market  export  buyers  are  not,  to  any 
great  extent,  in  the  market,  which  gives  color  to  a 
report  that  grain  bills  meet  all  or  about  all  the  de- 
mand for  exchange  purposes.  After  next  month 
wheat  shipments  will  be  slower,  and  therefore  fewer 
grain  bills  will  be  offering. 

This  (Thursday)  morning  there  is  no  telegraphic 
communication,  owing  to  the  lines  being  down,  so 
that  no  silver  quotations,  at  this  writing,  are  obtain- 
able. Exporters  are  bidding  below  New  York 
prices.  This,  they  say,  is  du?  to  no  China  business. 
When  the  Chinese  business  toward  the  close  of 
spring  sets  in,  then  prices  will  be  apt  to  again  rule 
above  New  York.  The  last  purchase  report  by  the 
Mint  in  this  city  was  at  97^^  cents  on  last  Tuesday. 
In  the  absence  of  telegrams,  the  Mint  was  not  bid- 
ding this  morning,  or  at  least  they  so  state. 

Since  putting  the  above  in  type.  Eastern  tele- 
graphic communication  is  resumed,  giving  silver 
quotations  in  London  at  44s  g-i6d,  and  New  York 
at  97  cents. 

QUICKSILVER— Receipts  the  past  week  aggre- 
gate 528  fl'isks.  The  home  demand  is  quiet,  owing 
to  impassable  roads  in  principal  mining  districts. 

TIN— Imports  the  past  week  aggregate  1345  in- 
gots from  Australia.  Both  pig  and  plate  on  spot 
continue  to  favor  buyers,  but  owing- to  high  prices 


abroad  no  business  can  be  executed,  Canners  here 
appear  to  be  well  supplied  for  immediate  wants. 
Some  have  started  up  for  salmon  packing. 

BORAX— Receipts  the  past  week  aggregate  264 
ctls.     The  market  continues  steady  at  firm  pricrs. 

LIME— Receipts  the  past  week  aggregate  2184 
bbls  and  the  exports  350  bbls  to  the  Hawaiian  Isl- 
ands. The  demand  contmues  slow,  owing  to  bad 
weather.  • 

CHROME  ORE— There  was  shipped  the  past 
week  115,780  tti>  to  New  York.  Quotations  remain 
unchanged. 

COPPER— There  was  exported  the  past  week 
20,100  lbs  copper  cement  to  New  York.  In  refined 
copper  there  is  nothing  new  to  rt-port,  owing  10 
continued  bad  and  tnip.\ss.'iblc  roads  having  cut  off, 
temporarily,  all  reliable  sources  o(  information. 

COAL  — Imports  the  past  week  were  as  follows  ; 
Newcastle,  N.  S.  W. ,  96r4  tons;  Biltimorc  (Cum- 
berland), 5917;  Nanaimo,  152;  Departure  Bay,  800; 
Tacoma,  2000.  Total,  18.483  tons.  Greta  and 
Cumberland  are  lower  for  spot,  but  for  shipment 
they  are  firm.  It  now  looks  as  if  there  will  be  a 
scarcity  of  Australian  after  the  next  60  days.  The 
tonnage  on  the  way  from  Australian  ports  and  on 
berth  to  load  is  smaller  than  for  years.  The  worst 
of  it  is  that  new  business  cannot  be  executed  except 
at  higher  prices.  Coast  colliery  coal  is  without  any 
special  features  of  interest  to  note.  With  lessened 
Australian  there  will  be  more  demand  for  coast 
coals. 

San  Francisco  Metal  Market. 

WaOLB9ALE. 

TBDB3DAY,  January  23, 1890. 

Antimont— 26  @     — 

Borax— Refined,  in  carload  tots 7  @       7S 

Powdered  "         "       "    7  @ 

Coucontrated       "  "        "     63@      — 

All  grades  jobbing  at  an  advance. 

CoppKa— 

Bolt 21  @     22 

Bbeuthini; 22  ^     24 

Ingot,  jobbing.. 17  @      18 

do,  wholesaJo 15  @      16 

Fire  Box  Ubeets 22  (d      21 

Lead— Fig 4  @       4j 

Bar 5  @      — 

Sheet 7  @     - 

Pipe 6  @      — 

Bbot,  discount  10%  on  500  bags     Drop,  ^  bag.  1  45  (cQ     — 

Buok.^baB 1  65  @     — 

OhiUed,  do 1  85  @     - 

Steel- English,  lb 16  @     20 

Canton  tool 9  @       9 

Black  Diamond  tool 9  @       9 

Pick  and  Hammer i  &     10 

Machinery 4@       5 

Toe  Calk 4i@      — 

Tjnplate— B.  v.,  Bteel  grade.  14x20,  P.  S 5  50  @     — 

B.  y.,  steel  grade,  I4i20,  spot 4  90  @  5  00 

Oharcoal,  14x20 6  75  (d)  7  00 

do  roofing,  14x20 6  00  @      — 

do.  do,20x28 12  00  @     — 

Pig  tin,  spot,  Ti)  tt) 2-i  &      22i 

CoKB-Eng.,  ton,  spot,  in  blk 13  50  (^15  00 

Do,  do,  to  load Jt;  OO  @      — 

QtnoKBiLVER— By  the  fiaak, ij  00  (047  50 

Flasks,  new @     — 

FlasVa,  nlrt    35  (Ol 

Chrome  Ihon  Ore,  ^  ton 10  ^.0^ 

Iron— Bar,  base 3  @  ■    31 

Norway,  baee 4^^       &| 

Spot.  To  Load, 

tRON- Glengarnock  ton 35  00  @ 34  @  — 

Eglinton,  ton ....35  00  & SSift*  — 

American  Soft,  No.  1,  ton.. @35  00  32i@  — 

Oregon  Pig.  ton @35  00  —  @  — 

Puget  Sound 35  00  @ _  @  _ 

OUy  Lane  White Cg28  00  27f@  — 

Shotfcs,  No.  1 35  00  (d35  00  321@  — 

Bar  Iron  (base pricel^  ft)...      —  @     —  -  @  — 

Laugloan  35  00  @ 34  @  — 

Thorncliffe 35  00  @ 34  @  — 

Gartaherrie 35  00  @ 34  @  — 


Goal. 


Per  Ton.)  Per  Ton. 

Australian  ...     7  50  @  7  75[Lehig:h  Lump..  16  50@17  00 

Liverpool  St'm    8  50  @ Cumberland  bk  16  00@16  50 

Scotch  Splint.     9  00  @  9  00  Egg,  hard 15  50@16  00 

Cardiff 9  50@10  00| 

SPOT  FROM  YARD. 

Seattle ' 7  00 

Coos  Bay 6  00 

Cannel 12  00 

Egg,  hard 18  00 

Cumberland,  in  sacks  19  00 
do,  bulk 18  00 


Wellington 8  9  00 

Scotob  Splint 9  uO 

Greta    9  uO 

WeetminaterBrymbo.  9  ijO 

Nanaimo 9  itO 

Sydney 8  uO 

Oilman 7    0 


Eastern  Metal  Markets. 

By  Telegraph. 

New  York,  Jan.   23,   i8go. — The  following  are 
the  closing  prices  the  past  week: 
Silver  In    Silver  in 


London. 

New  York.  Copper 

Lead.       Tin. 

rhursday 44; 

973 

$14  45 

il  87i      $20  46 

Friday 441 

97  g 

14  45 

3  85         20  60 

Saturday  ....44 

978- 

14  46 

3  S5         20  60 

Monday 44} 

97i 

14  40 

3  85         20  66 

Tuesday 44S 

98J 
96i 

14  40 

3  85         20  65 

Wednesday.. 445 

14  40 

3  86         20  60 

New  York,   J 

an.  22.- 

-Borax  is 

quiet  but  ver.y 

firm  at  unchanged  prices.  Tin  plate  is  offish,  as 
is  pig.  Lead  has  a  steadier  tone,  owing  to  lessened 
offerings.  Quicksilver  is  fairly  steady.  Copper  con- 
tinues strong,  with  a  fairly  active  consumptive  de- 
mand reported.  European  advices  still  favor  the 
selling  interest. 

List  of  U.  S.  Patents  for  Pacific  Coast 
Inventors. 

The  folowing  brief  list  by  telegraph,  for  Jan.  21,  will 
appear  more  complete  on  receipt  of  mail  advices: 

California- Henry  Anderson,  assignor  to  R,  J.  Davis, 
S.F  ,  piln-covering;  Alonzo  F.  Brown,  S.  F.,  stationary 
spittoon;  Wilfred  L  Browh,  S.  F.,  machine  for  cleaning 
fiber;  'Vmasa  J.  Dewiojirt  S-  F,,  piano  soui  ding-board;  Jas. 
G.  Divall,  Oakland,  Alter;  Francois  Frank,  Grass  Valley, 
combined  cap,  pillow  and  Hfe-preH^Tver;  George  Griseli, 
Golden  Gate,  assiffoor  of  two-thirds  to  F.  S.  Everlo  and 
J.  Case,  S.  F.,  machine  for  wrapping  block  matches; 
Lionel  Heynemann,  S.  F.,  cable-street  railway;  Henry 
P.  Kelley,  S.  F.,  flftb  wheel:  James  Kelley,  assignor  of 
half  to  E.  Dougherty,  3.  F.,  two  patents  for  transom- 
lifter;  Darwin  O.  Livermore,  Los  Gatos,  sash-fastener; 
John  Parkin,  assignor  of  half  to  H.  P.  Frear,  S.  F. ,  valve- 
gear  for  fluid  rams  and  piston;  Adolph  Sommer,  Berke- 
ley, neutralizing  sulpho-chlorinated  organic  compounds. 

"Notices  OF  Recent  Patents" — The  pat- 
ents which  sboald  have  arrived  from  Waahing- 
ton  this  week  are  on  the  delayed  mails  which 
are  blockaded  up  in  the  Sierrae,  ho  we  are  un- 
able to  publieh  onr  nsual  '*NotioeBof  Recent 
FatentB." 


MINING    SHAREHOLDERS'    DIRECTORY. 

OoMnmi)   lt\BKV   TllUsai'AV     KEOM    AuVERTlSUdlM*   IN    TlIK   MlMNO   A.NU  SciiNTIFIC   PBBfifl   AND   OTURB  S.  F.   JoUIUiALB 

ASSESSMENTS. 

T.  LSVIKD.      DBLlNy'T, 


Company.  LoctriON.  No. 

Adt.-Uld«  Cr>yrer  iM  Co Nevadft..  1.. 

ftjiltimure  M  Uo Nevailt..  6.. 

llellw  MoM  tv.        Nevuau..l3.. 

liL^ii  liulchcr  M  Co.   Nevada.. 13.. 

(•amnCTt..-k  ,M  .\l  M  Co California.,  I.. 

Con  Nuw  YorkMCo NeTaila..  3.. 

Cull  Ut  U'ltliurd  MCu OalifurDia..  1.. 

OrdcktT  M  Ou AtIxouu..  8.. 

Eichi-ijUfr  M  fo Nevada. .28.. 

tioUliu  Giant  M  Co Oalifurnia. 

(<ruy  Etiglt-  M  Co ..CaUforufii,.I6., 

Kentiirk  M  Co Nevu<la  -30.. 

MaylKiwer  GruTel  U.  Co Cftliforuta .  .45. . 

Muxtcau  M  Co.... Nevada.. 39.. 

MliiLTul  KliJk' M&  HCo Arli^ooa..  4.. 

North  OooldttuUil  G  &  S  MCo..  Nevada..  1.. 

Naiuiua  WaUji  &  M  Co California..  2., 

Oct iduu till  Cof  &  M  Co.... Wiiva'la..  5.. 

Overniiiii  S  M  Co Nevada., 61.. 

I'ubMtdu  UCu Nevada.,  3.. 

Riiiw -11  R  ii  M  Co California..  C. 

f-i'jj  Bek-hcr  ft  MideeMCo Neva*la.,  5,. 

SilviT  King  M  Co Arizona..  2.. 

Trinity  lilver  Tunnel  &  M  Co.Caiirornia,.  2.. 
Tcirakolf  M  Co California..  3.. 


I. .Duo    31.. 

S^J.-Jan  17.. 
lS..I>ec  4.. 
15    Dec     4.. 

a..Di-c  30.. 
IS.. Deo  Jl.. 

6..Jaa  14....Peb  17 
10, .Jan  30.. ..Mar  5, 
2B..DfO  16..     -       " 

i.-Ueo    17.. 

4..Ja'i  ai.. 
30.. Dec   11 


SALB.       SKCRn-ART.  PLACB  OF  Bu8l^•B88. 

Feb  28.. W  H  Graves 426  Sauaome  St 

Mot  12..  A  K  CJrim 402  MoLtfiomt-ri- St 


Jan  31.. 
.Feb  21 „ „ ^„^v,:,  «., 

Jan    8....Jun  30.  .J  W  Pew 310  Pine  St 

Jan  30.. J  WPew 310  Pine  St 

Mar  10. .A  S  Folger 213  Freiuiut  St 

m'    5..CE  Elliott 309Mont«omfiy  St 

T  Wntv.1)  ftW  \l    ...7 ..  u. 


..Jan  .._ 
..Fab  12.. 
.  .Jan  15.. 


10.  .T  Wetxel 622  M  ntgoasery  St 

T        .-y^    ■■^^^^■■^'^,^}^^' 3U9  .MoiitKoiuMy  St 

•l"^"  ^,l----|^^''  ll..CKElliott 3lia  Montgomery  St 

,Jiini3....Febl2..HTBriKK8 Downienlle 

Feb  26....Murl7..J  MBuffiuglon 303  Caltroraia  at 

Jau  14.... Feb    4.. J  W  Puw 310  Pluu  St 

M..DOC  27....Feb    3....Feb25..JMorirfo 328  Montgomery  St 

25.. Deo   21-...J<*n  2?....Peb  18..C  KKUlott 309  Moatt'omeiy  St 

10.  Jun    10....F«l,  10....Mar  3..PHLeoQard 419  Callforoia  St 

7..ptc     2.... Jan    6....Jan  27..W  H  Watfou 302  Moutftomery  St 

5. .Doc  21....Jan28....Feb25..PWAiiie« 51C  Gilifmula  8t 

^—    ""  ...Feb  26....Mar24..A  K  Dunbar 309  Montgomery  St 

..Feb    5.... Feb  26. .U  D  Edwards 4H California  8t 

.Deo  26.... Jan  30.. D  Buck 309  Montgomery  St 

•■.^•J**  \J---^'^^P-'^  Mori^io 323  MontgonieTy  Rt 

.Bob    6.... Feb  2^..E  B  Holmes 309  Montgomery  St 

Feb  26.... Mat  27..  A  Waterman 309  Moutfeomeiy  St 

-T....    h       Jan  V8..LHPockman 28  Cftilforola  St 


25. .Jan  20.. 

25..Dtc  31.. 

5. .Nov  1. 

5  .Jiiu  13.. 

25.  .Jan  4.. 

30..  Jan  15.. 

50. .Nov  27... 


.Jau 


l..Dec  14....Jan  21  ..Feb  14. .W  J  Gartett..V.V.V.'.V.'r.'..~3tl8  Piiie  St 
MEETINQS  TO  BE  KELD. 
Nam"  OF  CoMPANi.  Location.    Sboretabt  Office  in  8   F.  Mbetiko  D*te 

Apollo  M  Co L  SlosB,  Jr SlOSansome  St Annual Jan  27 

Cibjio  Cre.k  M  Co L  Oaborn 3(9  Montgomery  Ht Annual...     '         "   Feb  3 

JJul  MuTile  MCo Nevada. .J  W  Pew 310  Pine  fat AonuaJ  " Jan ''S 

Luuky  HiU  Oou  M  Co FD  Black Baldwin  Hotel ." Feb  13 

Nortb  Commonwealth M Co Nevada.. J  W  Pew 310  Pine  St Annual     Jau  ''8 

Riaing  Sun  M  Co L  SIoeh,  Jr  SlflSuDBome  St Annual  !^!X'.!'.',X!jan  2G 

Utah  Con  M  Co Nevada.. A  H  Fish 3(j5  Muntyiomery  St Annual Jan  29 

Utah  Con  MCo Nevada.. A  H  Fish 30y  Moutgumery  St Annual  '.,'.'.!'.'.l.!'.!jau  29 

Latest  dividends— within  three  months. 

Name  op  Oompant.  Location.     Seubktaey.  Office  in  9.  F.  Amount  Pavabt» 

Champion  M  Oo T  Wetzel 522  Montgomery  St 10. . . ! Jau  20 

Caledonia  M  C Nevada.. AS  Chemiuant 328  Montgomery  9t 08 "  Auk  5 

Con  California 4  Va  M  Co Nevada.. A  W  Havens 309  Montgomery  St '.    50!!!!!* " V V.  "jau  10 

Derbec  Blue  Gravel  M  Co.... ,. Calif ornia..T  WetzeL 522  Montgomery  St 10 Deo 23 

Idaho  M  Co California Grass  Valley 5  00  *.'.'.*.".*.' Nov  7 

MtDiabloMCo  Nevada.. R  Heath 319  Pine  St 30 .    Oct2t 

Pacitic  Borax  SaltJk  Soda  Co.  ..California.. A  H  Clough 230  Montgomery  St 1  00 ...Jan  10 


Mining  Share  Market, 

La  grippe,  close  money  market  with  the  general 
public,  bad  roads,  snow  blockades  and  other  evil 
(irom  a  stock  point  of  view)  influences  have  made  a 
dull  mining  share  market.  If  the  few  chippers  went 
into  the  market  to  turn  an  honest  penny  by  '•  cinch- 
ing" the  insiders  or  any  other  persons,  they  found 
it  uphill  work,  for  if  they  sold  short  anyway  freely 
the  market  was  advanced  to  make  them  fill,  and  if 
they  bought  heavily,  long  prices  were  sent  down  to 
make  them  disgorge.  Outsiders  now  pin  their  faith 
to  the  coming  of  Col.  Mackay,  for  points  are  out 
that  there  will  be  nothing  much  until  after  he  gets 
here,  but  how  long  it  will  be  before  he  deigns  to 
visit  this  coast  remains  to  be  seen.  It  now  looks  as 
if  it  will  be  all  of  a  month,  if  not  longer,  owing  to 
snows,  etc.  It  is  generally  claimed  that  before  the 
Colonel  arrives  in  this  city  prices  will  be  lower  than 
at  any  time  this  (1890)  year.  In  the  outside  stocks 
the  Quijotoas  were  lifeless,  the  Tuscaroras  were 
hanging  pending  two  or  more  assessments,  and 
lower  prices  looked  for;  while  the  B''dies  showed 
little  more  activity.  Many  well-informed  on  the 
Bodie  stocks  have  no  faith  in  them  until  after  an 
assessment  is  levied  on  Bodie,  which  report  gives  at 
50  cents  a  share. 

Snow  blockades  have  cut  off  all  mail  communica- 
tion from  the  mines,  except  the  Quijotoas,  whose 
stocks  are  listed  on  the  two  exchanges  in  this  city. 
Telegraphic  communication,  which  is  at  all  times 
unsatisfactory,  is  still  more  so  now.  All  ore-extract- 
ing in  the  Corastocks  is  reported  to  be  suspended 
owing  to  heavy  deposit  of  snow.  The  work  now 
going  on  in  the  mines  is  of  a  prospecting  character. 
Mining  men  here  are  watching  with  great  interest 
the  work  going  on  running  from  the  Ward  shaft.  If 
apparently  authentic  reports  can -be  depended  upon, 
they  have  made  connection  from  the  Ward  shaft 
wiih  about  the  800-foot  level  in  Potosi,  and  now  they 
are  pushing  the  west  drift  on  the  1800-foot  Ward 
shaft  to  intersect  the  ore  found  before  they  werff 
flooded  out  on  the  2400-foot  level.  This  body  of 
ore  is  said  to  be  of  a  very  important  character,  and 
if  found  as  rich  in  the  i8oo-(oot  west  drift  as  ex- 
pected, it  ought  to  make  quite  a  stir  in  the  group  of 
mines  in  the  immediate  vicinity.  Whether  the  cor- 
rect information  will  be  given  out  remains  to  be  seen, 
for  the  drift  running  west  has  ever  since  Nov,  2, 
1889,  been  called  the  east  drift,  although  when 
started,  Pendergast,  the  superintendent,  stated  in  his 
official  letter  that  the  drift  was  started  west.  The 
prospecting  work  going  on  in  the  other  mines  is  be- 
ing closely  watched.  From  the  Quijotoa  mines 
nothing  new  comes  to  hand.  Advices  from  the 
Tuscaroras  stated  that  it  will  take  all  of  two  weeks 
yet  before  certain  important  work  can  be  done. 
From  the  Bodies  no  news  is  obtainable— telegraphic 
lines  down  and  railroads  blockaded  by  snow.  From 
President  Ives  of  the  Bodie  and  Mono  mines  we 
learn  that  it  was  the  intention  to  have  more  pros- 
pecting work  done  in  Bodie  and  Mono,  that  is,  fol- 
low up  by  drifts  or  otherwise  every  seam  of  ore 
which  gave  promise  of  running  into  a  body  of  ore. 
He  says  that  it  was  the  merest  accident  (a  cave  in 
the  mine)  that  they  found  the  rich  pocket  ot  ore  from 
which  Bodie  paid  its  last  dividends.  Whether  the 
company  will  be  as  fortunate  again  remains  to  be 
seen ,  at  any  rate,  it  looks  as  if  work  will  be  continued 
in  the  mines  as  long  as  the  public  pay  assessments, 
provided  no  paying  quantity  of  ore  is  run  into. 

Bullion  Sliipments. 

Owing  to  the  prevailing  snow  blockades  on  the 
railroad  lines,  no  bullion  shipments  have  been  re- 
ceived here  for  the  past  week.  Wells,  Fargo  &  Co. 
have  refused  for  several  days  to  receive  any  more 
bullion  for  shipment  from  the  mines  in  the  snow- 
bound districts.  Already  various  shipments.'aggre- 
gating  $100, ooo»  lie  tied  up  along  the  routes  in  the 
mountains.  __^ 

Complimentary  Samples. 

Persons  receiving  this  paper  marked  are  re- 
quested  to  examine  its  contents,  terms  of  sub- 
Boription,  and  give  it  their  own  patronage,  and, 
as  far  as  practicable,  aid  in  circulating  the 
journal^  and  making  its  value  more  widely 
known  to  others,  and  extending  its  influence  in 
the  cause  it  faithfully  serves.  Subscription 
rate,  $3,00  a  year.  Extra  copies  mailed  for  10 
cents,  if  ordered  soon  enouRh.  If  already  a 
BubBoriber,  please  show  the  paper  to  others. 


Table  of  Lowest  and  Highest  Sales  in 
S.  P.  Stock  Exchange. 


Name  of 

OOMPAHT. 


Alpha 

Alta , 

Andes 

Belcher 

Best  &  Belcher.... 

Bullion 

Bodie  Oon 

Benton 

Bulwer 

Commonwealth , . , 
Oon.  Va.  &Oal.... 

OhalleDge 

OhoUar 

OonAdence 

Oon.  Imperial 

Caledonia 

Grown  Point 

Crocker 

EureKa  Con 

Exchequer 

Grand  Prize 

Gk)uld&  Curry.... 
Hale  &  NororoSB., 

Julia 

Jnetice 

Kentuc^ , 

Lady  Wash 

Mono 

Mexican 

Navajo 

NTortb  Belle  iBle..., 

Nev.  Queen 

Occidental 

Ophir 

Overman - 

Potosi 

Peerless 

Peer 

Savage. 

8.B.&M 

Sierra  Nevada 

Silver  HiU 

Scorpion 

[Jnion  Oon 

TJta'' 

Weldon 

VTellow  Jacket 


Week 

Ending 
Jan.  2. 


1.00 
1.3J 

.00 
I.8J 


25 

2.85 

U 

30 

2.35 

4.00 

,33 

,25 

1.60 

25 


1.55 
2.75 
4.45 


.25 
.65 
1.35 
2.F0 
3') 
1.25 


2.15 
,65 


Whbk 
Ending 
Jan.  9. 


.95 
1.25 

50  .r5 

1.65  1.85 

2.10  2.35 

25  .60 

3U  .45 


3,10  3.65 
4.50 

I. 10  1.20 

2.25  2.45 

'!25  "36 

i'M  I'.h 

.20  .25 


.20 

.60 

1.30 

2.50 

2i 

1.20 

.30 

.35 

.30 

:.]5 

.35 

1.05 

1  00 

.60 

.05 

.55 

1.65 

15 
1.40 
1.-5 
1.75 


1.55 

1.20 

1.95 

.35 

2M 
.55 


Week 

Ending 
Jan.  16. 


Week 
Ending 

Jan.  23. 


1.2( 


1.70  1.85 
2.25  2.35 
55 
45 


1  05 

1.251.25  1.30 

.W    .f-n  .... 

"1.8i  1.95 

2.40  2.55 

.5^  .60 

.50  .60 


3.40  3.85 
4.3') 

I. 10  1  25 

:  2.25 

3.25  .. 

.25  .30 

.15  ... 

1  50  1.55 

"  25 


.15 

1.31 

25 
1.J5 
.35 


1.05 
.25 

.60 
3.05 

.55 
l.f^O 

,25 

1.40 
1.00 


2.05 

.55 


3.60  3. SO 

4.45  4.75 

1.30  1  35 

2.31)  2.45 

33  .... 

.30  .... 

.15  .... 

1.50  1.70 

20  .25 


.45 
.55 
1.35 
"  80 
30 

i.:o 

70 


.50 


1.00  ... 

90  .... 

.65  .75 

3.45  3.70 

•JO  .70 

1.60.  1  75 

is  '.'.'.'. 

1.55  1.65 

1.05  1.23 

K90  2.05 

,0  .... 

2.25  2.35 

Hi  .75 

15  .... 

..  2.35 


Sales  at  San  Francisco  Stock  Exchange. 


Thuksdat,  Jau.  23,  9:30  a.  m. 

400  Bodie 45c 

185  Belcher 1.95 

100  Chollar 2.45 

250  Crown  Point 1.65 

ICO  Exchequer 50c 


400  Mono 35c 

350  Mexican 2.70 

150  Savage 1.60 

50  Sierra  Nevada 2.00 

350  S.  E.  &M l.IO 

500  Silver  Hill 30c 


Oar  Agents. 

OiTR  Fribhdb  can  do  much  In  aid  of  our  paper  aod  the 
cause  ol  practical  knowledge  and  science,  \>y  assisting 
Agents  in  their  labors  of  canvassing,  by  lending  their  In- 
Quenoe  and  encouraging  favors.  We  intend  to  send  none 
but  worthy  men. 

J.  C.  HOAO — San  Francisco. 

B.  G.  Bailby— San  Francisco. 

W.  W.  Throbaldb— Los  Angeles  Co. 
E,  Fischer— Central  California. 
Geo.  Wilsoh — Sacramento  Co. 
E  H.  SoHABFFLB —  Fresno  Co. 

C.  Edward  Robertson— Humboldt  Co. 
Frank  3.  Chapik— Butte  Co. 

Wm.  H.  Hillbart— Oregon. 
E.  E.    Dbming — Oregon. 
CuAS.  M.  Moody— Oregon. 


The  death  of  General  M.  G.  Vallejo  removes 
the  meet  prominent  survivor  of  the  old  Mexi- 
can regime  in  this  State.  Hia  span  of  life  cov- 
ered the  rule  of  three  Governmenta  In  Cali- 
fornia. He  was  born  a  subject  of  the  King  of 
Spain,  became  a  citizen  of  the  Mexican  Kepub- 
lio  when  that  country  threw  off  Spanish  alle- 
giance, and  was  made  a  citizen  of  the  United 
States  bv  the  Treaty  of  Gaadalupe  Hidalgo. 
General  Yallejo  was  one  of  the  highest  types  of 
the  Spanish  gentleman.  His  hospitality  was 
unbounded,  and  his  integrity  of  the  higheet 
standard.    

Don't  FaU  to  Write. 

Should  this  paper  be  reoeived  by  any  subscriber  who 
does  not  want  ft,  or  beyond  the  time  he  intends  to  pay 
for  it,  let  him  not  fail  to  write  us  direot  to  stop  It  A 
postal  card  (coating  one  cent  only)  'will  suffice.  We  will 
not  linowingly  send  the  paper  to  any  one  who  does  nob 
wish  It,  but  If  It  is  continued,  through  the  failure  of  the 
aubacrlber  to  notify  us  to  discontinue  It,  or  BOme  irre- 
aponalble  party  requested  to  Btop  It,  we  shall  positively 
demand  paymentfor  the  time  It  is  sent.  LOOK  OARirULLf 
4f  m  UBU  OH  TO0R  PAnft. 


60 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Jan.  25,  1890 


IQECHAJMieAL  PROGRESa 


American  Iron  for  England. 

It  may  be  regarded  as  a  matter  of  no  little 
moment  that  a  cargo  of  American  pig  iron  baa 
recently  been  shipped  to  England.  '*It  is  re- 
markable," says  London  Iron,  "at  a  time  when 
the  home  demand  for  pig  iron  has  attained  sach 
magnitude,  and  when  a  further  impetus  is  ex- 
pected in  certain  quarters  by  orders  from 
America,  to  find  evidence  of  an  opposite  tenden- 
cy from  the  latter  country.  One  of  the  most 
curiouB  developments  of  the  present  active 
position  of  the  iron  trade  is  that  a  shipment  of 
metal  has  already  been  made  from  the  United 
States  to  this  country,  and  more  is  likely  to 
follow.  The  Thomas  Iron  Company  has  sold 
1000  tone  of  No.  Ix  foundry  pig  for  delivery  in 
Liverpool.  The  transaction,  it  is  stated,  was 
a  perfectly  regular  one  in  the  ordinary  course 
of  businesB  at  the  ruling  American  prices.  It 
is  believed  in  Pittsburg  that  more  iron  will  go 
if  prices  warrant  the  shipment.  From  this 
poaition,  it  is  evident  that,  if  the  price  of  pig  iron 
gets  much  higher,  we  may  expect  American  com- 
petition— quite  a  new  feature  in  the  home  iron 
trade.  It  would  also  appear  probable  on  these 
premises  that  a  check  against  any  further 
marked  advance  in  the  value  of  pig  iron  will 
be  found  in  American  competition." 

The  recent  advance  in  prices  will,  no  doubt, 
have  a  tendency  to  retard  to  some  extent  the 
abipment  of  iron  abroad,  and  especially  to  Eng- 
land. Should  the  present  speculative  upward 
tendency  die  out,  the  indications  are  that  one 
might  look  to  an  early-growing  market  in  this 
direction  for  our  surplus  product.  The  United 
States  is  now  the  largest  producer  of  iron  of 
any  country  in  the  world,  and  there  is  every 
reason  to  believe  in  a  continued  rapid  increase 
of  that  product.  New  discoveries  of  valuable 
iron  ores  and  increased  outputs  are  constantly 
being  announced,  while  in  nearly  every  other 
country  we  hear  of  iron  mines  giving  out,  or  of 
their  inability,  to  meet  the  growing  demands  for 
their  yield.  In  many  localities  the  yield  of  oar 
iron  mines  is  limited  only  by  the  means  for 
its  transportation,  but  these  facilities  are  rap- 
idly being  improved. 

Prices  of  tools,  machinery,  barbed  wire,  tele- 
graph and  other  wires  and  many  other  minor 
articles  made  of  iron,  are  gradually  improving, 
not  only  in  this  country,  but  throughout  the 
world  as  well.  If  under  the  existing  order  of 
things  we  can  make  it  pay  to  export  the  raw 
material,  why  should  not  our  abundant  and 
priceless  resources  of  iron  be  converted  into 
machinery  and  other  articles  of  necessity  by 
our  own  mechanics  for  export,  instead  of  send* 
ing  abroad  the  unmanufactured  material?  More 
and  more  are  our  enormous  resouroea  of  the 
baser  metala  becoming  known  and  appreciated 
abroad.  The  United  States  now  stands  at  the 
head  of  the  world  in  the  pjoduotion  of  both 
the  precious  and  the  baser  metals. 

Car- Wheels  of  Rolled  Steel. — One  of  the 
most  difficult  things  In  railway  maintenance  ia 
to  secure  safe  and  reliable  car-wheels.  Varioue 
kinds  of  material  and  various  modea  of  con- 
struction have  been  tried;  but  thus  far  nothing 
has  fully  realized  what  would  be  considered  a 
wheel  which  could  be  accepted  as  any  very_ 
near  approach  to  finality  in  perfection.  The' 
latest  and  perhaps  most  promising  device  in 
this  direction  la  a  rolled-ateel  wheel  which  hae 
been  experimented  upon  with  so  good  a  degree 
of  sucoeas,  that,  according  to  a  Philadelphia  ex- 
change, it  ia  thought  the  new  induatry  which 
may  grow  out  of  it  may  mark  an  important 
development  in  the  manufacture  of  steel  prod- 
ucts, and  may  revolutionize  railroad  car-wheel 
construction  in  this  country.  The  Continental 
Car-Wheel  Co.  haa  purchased  ground  for  its 
buildings  in  Philadelphia,  and  will  begin  the 
manufacture  of  rolled  street-car  wheels.  At 
the  present  time  the  car-wheels  used  for  railroad 
rolling-stock  in  this  country  are  made  either  of 
chilled  iron  or  of  softer  substances,  such  as  pa- 
pier maohe  with  a  steel  tire.  There  were  600,- 
000  tons  of  charcoal  iron  manufactured  in  the 
United  States  laat  year,  and  of  thie  amount 
fully  one-half  went  into  chilled  iron  oar-wheels. 
For  some  time  past,  however,  the  increasing 
weight  of  passenger,  but  eapeoially  freight  loads 
whiob  the  wheels  have  to  hear  up,  has  con- 
vinced manufacturers  that  solid  ateel  would 
have  to  be  need  as  material.  The  establiah- 
ment  which  is  to  be  set  up  at  Norristown  ia 
somewhat  experimental,  but  if  rolled-steel  car- 
wheels  shall  prove  valuable  iu  service,  the  in- 
dustry is  capable  of  indefinite  expansion,  ow- 
ing to  the  immense  demand  for  railroad  cars  all 
through  the  country. 

New  AIachine  for  the  Recovery  of  Metals, 
A  new  machine  for  the  abstraction  and  recov- 
ery of  valuable  metals  from  earth,  sand,  olay, 
alag,  the  aweepinge  of  jewelers'  shops,  and 
other  refuse,  haa  been  perfected  by  Mr.  T. 
Badworth  Sharp  of  Muutz'a  Metal  Works, 
Birmingham,  England.  The  machine,  which  ia 
called '*  The  Hydraulic  Separator,"  consists  of 
a  tube  with  two  chambers.  Into  the  upper 
chamber  the  refuse  is  introduced  while  water 
Is  slowly  rising  in  the  lower  tube  at  a  regulated 
speed,  and  while  the  metals  sink  into  a  recepta- 
cle, the  earthy  particles  are  carried  over  the 
top  of  the  tube  into  the  refuse  tank.  The  prin- 
ciple on  which  thia  invention  is  based  is  that, 
assuming  certain  metal  particles  sink  In  still 
water  at  the  rate  of  30  feet  per  minate, 
whereas  earth  sinks  at  the  rate  of  20  feet,  it 


follows  that  if  the  water  is  caused  to  rise  in 
the  tube  at  the  rate  of  25  feet  per  minute,  the 
metal  will  sink  to  the  bottom  at  the  rate  of  five 
feet  per  minute,  while  the  particles  of  lighter 
specific  gravity  are  washed  away.  The  ap- 
paratus has  undergone  various  teats  with  com- 
plete success.  One  teat  was  the  placing  of  a 
quantity  of  small  shot  in  two  barrowfuls  of 
refuse,  with  the  result  that  the  whole  of  the 
shot  was  recovered,  while  the  refuse  was  car- 
ried away.  The  machine  is  exceedingly  simple 
of  oonstruction,  requiring  no  skilled  labor,  and 
the  economy  ia  auch  that  at  one  of  the  leading 
works  in  tihe  Midlands  metal  of  the  value  of 
several  thousand  pounds  is  annually  recovered. 
The  invention  is  not  only  valuable  to  copper- 
smiths, braaafonnders,  tin-plate  manufacturers 
and  jewelers,  bat  is  claimed  to  be  most  effect- 
ive for  gold-mining  purposes,  and  several  of 
these  hydraulic  separators  are  now  being  sent 
to  the  South  African  gold-fields, — Iron  and 
Coal  Trades  Review,  London. 


A  Perfect  Tin-Can  Maker. ^The  Phila- 
delphia Ledger  deacrihes  a  new  machine  for  the 
manufacture  of  tin  cans  aa  follows:  The  ma- 
chine is  about  50  feet  long.  The  fiat  tin  of  a 
proper  size  for  a  can  ia  placed  on  an  endless 
chain  at  one  end.  It  then  passes  into  a  ma- 
chine, where  the  tin  ie  rolled  into  the  shape  of 
a  can  and  the  edges  fastened.  A  series  of  gas 
jets  next  heat  the  partly  made  can,  and  a  pot 
of  solder  distributes  ita  metal  along  the  edge. 
The  can  then  pasaes  by  a  sharp  turn  to  a  trav- 
eler, where  fingers  graap  it  and  hold  it  in  posi- 
tion aa  the  top  and  bottom  of  the  can  drop 
through  a  slot  into  position.  Another  aeriea  of 
gas  jets  and  solder  further  on  fix  one  end,  and 
then,  by  an  ingenious  movement  of  the  traveler, 
the  other  end  is  presented  to  still  another  se- 
ries of  gas  jets  and  soldnr,  and  the  can  is  ready 
for  use.  It  waa  just  45  seconds  from  the  time 
the  flit  sheet  of  tin  waa  placed  in  the  machine 
until  it  paaaed  out,  50  feet  away,  a  finiahed  can. 


Iron  and  Steel. — While  the  population  of 
the  United  Statea  during  the  paat  ten  yearahae 
averaged  about  four  per  cent  of  the  estimated 
population  of  the  globe,  the  consumption  of 
iron  and  steel  in  thia  country  has  averaged  30 
per  cent  of  the  world's  consumption  and  now 
exceeds  40  per  cent.  The  consumption  of  iron 
steadily  increases,  notwithstanding  the  recent 
enormous  reduction  in  ita  use  for  railway  pur- 
poses. Both  iron  and  steel  are  being  used 
more  ani  more  widely  every  day  in  buildings, 
bridges  and  other  structural  work;  and  while 
the  &.merican  product  for  1889  will  exceed  that 
of  Great  Britain,  it  is  not  large  enough  to  sup- 
ply the  home  demand.  One  cause  of  the  extra- 
ordinary growth  of  the  iron  and  steel  industries 
is  the  cheap  conversion  of  iron  into  Bdsaemer 
ateel  and  the  ready  adaptation  of  ateel  to 
atructural  shapes  for  ships,  bridges  and  build- 
ings into  nails,  wire,  axles,  springs,  tools,  shaft- 
ing, etc.      

Price  of  Steel. — Steel  is  now  from  30  to  40 
per  cent  dearer  than  it  waa  in  1887.  Thia, 
says  London  Invention  of  Nov.  30th,  will  sen- 
sibly aSdot  the  naval  defense  scheme,  and  will 
cause  the  cost  of.  the  building  of  ironclads  to  be 
£30,000  per  ship  more  than  was  calculated. 
There  is  also  a  proportionate  increaae  in  work, 
so  that  much  delay  will  be  incurred  in  obtaiu- 
iog  the  delivery  of  platea  and  angle  bars.  This 
will  likewise  add  from  three  to  four  montha  in 
the  coDBtruction  of  a  cruiaer.  With  America, 
according  to  Mr.  Carnegie,  making  ateel  raila 
as  cheaply  as  England,  and  according  to  Col. 
Shook,  making  iron  at  $2  a  ton  less  than  it  can 
be  made  for  in  England,  it  looks  aa  if  protec- 
tion ia  anything  but  a  failure. 

The  Idea  of  the  Railway  Three  Cent- 
uries Old. — Hitherto  it  has  been  supposed 
that  English  miners  in  the  middle  of  the  ISiih 
centnry  firat  utilized  parallel  raila,  like  the 
modern  railway  tracks,  in  the  tranaportation  of 
burdens.  Iu  a  "Dasoription  of  the  World,"  by 
Sebastian  Munster,  1541,  a  woodcut  has  been 
found  containing  a  representation  of  a  little 
four-wheeled  car  loaded  with  ore,  and  with  a 
man  behind  shoving  it  along  parallel  rails.  The 
scene  of  the  woodcut  ia  in  an  Alsatian  mine  of 
the  firat  part  of  the  16th  century.  Munater 
calls  the  car  in  question  instrumentum  trac- 
tornm,  and  mentions  that  its  four  wheels  were 
of  iron.       

Bronze  fob  Axle-Boxes. — With  the  large 
high-sp<^ed  locomotives  that  do  so  much  work 
on  the  New  York  Central,  there  haa  been  more 
or  less  trouble  with  the  oast-iron  axle-boxes 
breaking,  and  Mr.  Buchanan  has  been  trying 
bronze  with  decided  success.  There  is  now  a 
likelihood  of  this  material  being  adopted  as  the 
standard  for  all  passenger  locomotives,  and  its 
use  may  be  extended  to  all  classes  of  engines. 


SeiENTIFie  FR.OGRESS. 


Annealing  Steel, — A  good  method  of  an- 
nealing steel  is  to  let  it  "  goak  *  in  the  fire  un- 
til red  hot,  as  it  heata  more  evenly;  then  take 
it  from  the  fire  and  carry  it  to  some  dirk  place, 
let  it  oool  in  the  air  until  lyou  lose  aight  of  the 
dull  red  in  the  dark,  and  then  oool  it  off  in  hot 
water.  This  method  ia  called  the  "water  an- 
neal." 

Wire  Nails.— In  1886  the  production  of 
wire  nails  waa  about  600.000  kegs,  made  by  27 
wire-nail  works;  in  1887  the  production  waa 
estimated  to  have  been  1,250,000  kegs,  made 
by  47  works;  and  in  1S8S  the  production  iaeati- 
mated  to  have  been  1,500,000  kegs,  or  150  per 
oent  more  than  iu  1886. 


Scientific  Progress  in  1889. 

In  Astronomy- 
Considerable  progress  haa  been  made  during 
the  year  in  photographing  certain  nebnlse  and 
other  star  clusters.  Photography  haa  also 
brought  to  light  many  very  faint  (gaseons) 
nebuTse  which  the  telescope  fails  to  detect.  The 
moon's  surface  has  also  been  photographed  and 
its  minutest  details  brought  out  with  a  distinct* 
nesB  hitherto  unknown. 

The  1475  photographs  of  the  tranait  of  Venna 
for  1882,  taken  by  the  American  aatronomers  at 
Washington  and  elaewhere,  have  been  reduced, 
and  the  solar  parallax  reaulting  therefrom  is  82 
in,  .847,  which  corresponds  to  a  mean  distance 
of  the  earth  from  the  sun  of  92  385,000  miles, 
with  a  probable  error  of  only  125,000  miles. 
These  numbers  are  no  doubt  olose  approxima- 
tions to  the  truth,  but  they  cannot  be  regarded 
as  final  nntil  all  the  obaervatlona  made  by  as- 
tronomers in  other  coantries  are  reduced  and 
discussed.  From  the  known  values  of  preces- 
sion, aberration,  nutation,  and  all  the  other 
factors  which  can  in  any  way  enter  into  the 
solar  parallax,  Prof.  Harkness  of  the  Naval  Ob- 
servatory at  Washington  has,  on  theoretical 
grounds,  deduced  a  parallax  of  8  in.  .836  =  0 
ins.  .004,  which  gives  a  mean  distance  of  92,- 
504,000  miles,  with  an  exceedingly  small  prob- 
able error.  With  this  value,  the  sun's  diameter 
comes  out  861,670  milea. 

Five  new  asteroids  have  been  discovered  this 
year.  They  are  all  exceedingly  small  bodiea 
for  primary  planets,  and  are  situated  in  that 
immenae  region  between  Mars  and  Jupiter. 

A  very  valuable  discovery  of  great  practical 
importance  in  the  manufacture  of  astronomical 
telescopes  haa  been  made  by  two  diatinguiahed 
G-erman  physicists.  Prof.  Abbe  and  Br.  Sohott 
of  Jena,  Germany,  The  great  defect  in  all 
large  telescopes  of  the  refracting  kind  ia  the 
secondary  spectrum,  due  to  the  fact  that  the 
lenaea  corapoaing  the  objeot-glaaa  do  not  focus 
all  the  refracted  rays  at  the  same  point.  By 
using  different  kinds  of  glass,  opticians  have  suo- 
ceeded  in  bringing  together  two  widely  dlfier- 
ing  rays  of  light,  the  red  and  the  blue,  but 
have  not  succeeded  in  bringing  together  all  the 
other  intermediate  rays,  so  as  to  form  a  colorless 
image,  owing  to  what  ia  called  **  the  irration- 
ality of  diaperaion."  After  numerous  experi- 
ments and  extensive  research  into  the  chemical 
nature  of  various  kinds  of  glass,  German  physi- 
cists have  Bucceeded  in  practically  reducing 
the  secondary  spectrum,  or  the  color  correction, 
to  zero  in  the  new  glass  they  have  made.  It  ia 
also  claimed  by  the  discoverers  that  the  foci 
for  visual  and  for  photographic  purpoaea  are 
identical.  All  the  telescopes  hitherto  made  of 
the  new  glass  have  proved  quite  satisfactory  in 
these  respects. 

In  Chemistry. 

A  new  metal  has  been  discovered  io  both  nickel 
and  cobalt.  Gnominm  is  the  name  proposed 
for  it.  Experiments  on  the  compresaibility  of 
oxygen,  nitrogen  and  hydrogen  gaaea  show  that 
under  a  presaure  of  15,000  pounda  per  sq.  in. 
the  compressibility  of  these  gases  is  no  greater 
than  that  of  Ifquide,  and  increases.in  proportion 
to  the  temperature.  If  the  density  of  water  be 
taken  as  unity,  the  density  of  oxygfn  under  a 
pressure  of  3000  atmosphsres  is  1.1054,  that  of 
air  0  8817,  of  nitrogen  0.8293,  and  of  hydrogen 
0.0887.  These  facts  have  an  important  bearing 
on  the  physical  constitution  of  the  sun,  whose 
interior  ia  now  regarded  as  a  vast  maas  of  gaa- 
eouB  matter  under  enormous  pressure. 
In  Solar  Physics. 

M.  Ja'^sen  of  Paris  has  made  an  important  dis- 
covery in  solar  phyaica.  By  apectrosoopic  ob- 
servations made  on  the  top  of  Mt.  Blanc  he 
has  shown  that  oxygen  does  not  exist  in  the 
snn.  Hia  observations  show  that  the  band  and 
lines  of  oxygen  previously  identified  by  him 
and  others  in  the  solar  spectrum  are  due  en- 
tirely to  the  earth's  atmosphere.  These  sys- 
tems of  lines  iu  the  red,  yellow  and  blue  por- 
tions of  the  Bpeotrnm,  which  are  known  to  vary 
with  the  square  of  the  density  of  the  absorbing 
oxygen,  were  altogether  wanting,  and  the 
groups  of  dark  linea  in  other  parts  of  the  apec- 
trum,  which  vary  aimply  aa  the  density  of  the 
absorbing  medium,  were  ao  faint  aa  to  leave  no 
doubt  of  their  total  disappe3.rance,  provided 
we  could  entirely  eliminate  the  efifeots  of  the 
earth's  atmosphere.  He  has  also  repeated  his 
obaervations  on  the  top  of  the  Eiffel  Tower,  and 
confirms  his  former  results.  Farther  researohea 
in  this  direction  are  required  to  settle  the  mat- 
ter definitely. 

Explorations. 

Daring  a  coarse  of  deep-sea  soandings  on  a 
line  extending  from  New  Zaaland  to  the  Tonga 
or  Friendly  inlands,  undertaken  by  Her 
Majesty's  ship  Egeria,  an  extraordinary  depres- 
sion of  five  miles  and  168  feet  was  found  in  lati- 
tude 24°  37  min.  south,  and  longitude  135°  8 
min.  west.  Several  other  depreaaions  were 
found  near  the  same  locality,  varying  from 
3.006  to  43  00  fathoms,  all  of  which  appear  to 
be  crater-like  depressions  in  a  tolerably  shallow 
sea. — Baltimore  Sun. 

While  the  IjAWS  of  Gravity  are,  no  doubt, 
sufficient  to  explain  the  movements  of  the 
celestial  bodies  with  respect  to  each  other, 
there  are  some  obscure  movements  which  have 
long  been  investigated  without  any  very  satis- 
factory results;  but  the  electro-dynamic  the- 
ory is  one  which  has  often  been  suggested  to 


account  for  them.  This  theory  is  indeed  gain- 
ing ground  for  more  than  one  reaaon.  In  the 
light  of  recent  experiments,  and  in  connection 
with  the  material  properties  of  the  electric  cur- 
rent as  now  generally  nnderstood,  it  would 
aeem  that  the  **  ether  "  is  not  to  be  considered, 
as  heretofore,  the  medium  through  which  the 
force  binding  the  celestial  bodies  to  one 
another  acts,  but  that  it  ia  the  actual  binding 
element  itaelf,  fulfilling  all  the  properties  of  an 
incompressible,  hiphly  elastic  fluid.  So  sub- 
stantially Bays  the  Electrieal  World, 


Taking  Aim  in  Shooting. — Shooting,  says 
Forest  and  Stream,  is  very  much  like  driving  a 
nail.  Does  a  carpenter  ever  take  aim  with  hia 
hammer,  or  a  apikeman  on  a  railroad  with  his 
long,  swinging  stroke  at  arm's  length  watch  his 
maul  as  it  goes  around  over  his  head  to  see  if  it 
is  coming  down  in  the  right  place  ?  If  he  did, 
would  he  be  apt  to  hit  the  spike  ?  When  I 
commenced  trap-shooting  I  thought  it  was 
necessary  to  lay  my  cheek  down  on  the  gun 
stock  and  acrew  around  until  I  got  my  eye  and 
the  sight  in  a  line  with  a  glass  ball.  That  was 
before  the  day  of  clay  pigeons  and  blue  rooks. 
Cons  quently  I  was  more  often  at  the  foot  of 
the  class  than  at  the  head.  One  time,  after  ao 
many  misses  that  I  became  ashamed  of  myself, 
I  got  reokless  and  didn't  care  whether  I  scored 
or  not.  I  called  "  pull,"  drew  up  my  gun, 
watched  the  ball,  fired,  and  waa  as  much  sar- 
prised  as  were  my  companions  tq  see  the  ball 
go  to  pieces.  It  took  me  some  time  to  get  the 
idea,  but  I  finally  got  it,  and  thereafter  I  sel- . 
dom  saw  the  sight  or  even  the  gun  when  I 
pulled  the  trigger,  and  my  success  was  aurpris- 
ing.  I  applied  the  same  rule  to  field  shooting, 
and,  without  boasting,  my  hunting  companions 
sometimes  tell  me  to  my  face  that  I  oan  shoot. 
Of  course  allowance  must  he  made  for  birds 
crossing,  rising  or  falling,  but  that  is  intuitive 
and  seldom  thought  of  by  our  most  snccessful 
shots.  Indeed,  thinking  has  little  to  do  with 
it.  If  it  bad,  one's  bird  would  be  out  of  range 
before  he  ooald  collect  his  thoughts. 


Counterfeiting  Kbndered  Impossible. — 
The  Paper  Trade  Journal  says:  The  large 
and  contmually  increasing  demand  for  paper, 
which  cannot  be  duplicated  by  unauthorized 
parties,  for  uae  in  printing  certificates  of  stock, 
bonds,  drafts,  notes,  commercial  paper,  etc., 
has  led  to  the  production  of  a  paper  of  peculiar 
deaigna.  A  lately  patented  process  for  making 
paper  of  thia  deacription  consists  in  applying 
ink  to  a  lithographic  plate  of  atone  or  other 
material,  placing  another  plate,  whloh  may 
also  be  a  lithographic  plate,  face  to  face  with 
the  first-named  plate,  rnbbing  the  faoes  of  the 
two  plates  together  for  a  time  and  then  taking 
them  apart.  The  ink  will  be  so  distributed  by 
the  rubbing  action  that  a  variegated  design 
will  be  produced  upon  the  plate.  If  thia  design 
is  not  pleasing,  the  plates  are  again  plaoed  to- 
gether and  the  rubbing  continued  until  a  satis- 
factory design  ia  prodnced.  The  ink  ia  then 
allowed  to  dry  and  the  lithographic  plate  ia 
subjected  to  the  usual  treatment  for  litho- 
graphic purposss,  and  the  design  is  transferred 
to  the  paper  in  the  usual  manner  of  printing 
from  lithographic  plates.  Thia  process  is  said 
to  produce  designs  of  such  infinite  variety  of 
ooDfigurartion  and  shade  that  reproduction,  ex- 
cept from  the  original  plate,  is  practically  im- 
possible. The  impression  may  be  made  in  any 
desired  color. 


Zercon — What  is  it?— Zercon  is  a  metal 
not  found  pure.  In  fact,  no  use  for  the  pure 
metal  has  ever  been  found,  therefore  it  haa  not 
been  reduced.  An  oxide  of  this  metal,  called 
zerconia,  is  the  moat  infnaible  of  all  the  known 
oxidea.  The  oxide  ia  reduced  to  a  fine  powder. 
A  common  cotton  wick  ia  thoroughly  filled 
with  the  powdered  oxide,  then  the  cotton  is 
burned  out.  The  wick  ia  all  consumed  except- 
icg  a  thin,  delicate,  snow-white  column  of  the 
zerconia,  which  is  left  exactly  the  shape  of  the 
wick.  As  the  burning  gas  impinges  upon  this 
column  of  oxide,  the  latter  becomes  heated 
white  hot  and  glows  with  a  eoft  incandescence, 
second  only  to  the  electric  light.  A  me- 
chanic may  not  know  the  name  of  this  burner 
from  the  above  description,  but  it  is  named  the 
welsbaok  and  by  that  name  will  be  readily 
recognized, — -?7".  W.  Mechanic, 


Artificial  Propagation  of  the  Sponge  — 
A  new  industry  io  artificially  cultivated  sponge 
ia  in  prooesa  of  oreatiou.  M.  Oscar  Schmidt, 
professor  at  the  University  of  Gratz,  in  Styria, 
haa  invented  a  method  by  which  piecea  of  liv- 
ing sponge  are  broken  off  and  planted  in  a  fa- 
vorable spot.  From  very  small  cuttings  of  this 
kind  Prof.  Schmidt  haa  obtained  large  sponges 
in  the  course  of  three  years  at  a  very  small  ex* 
penae.  One  of  his  experiments  gave  the  result 
that  the  cultivation  of  4000  sponges  had  not 
cost  more  than  225  francs,  including  the  inter- 
est for  three  years  on  the  capital  expended. 
The  Auatro-Hungarian  Government  haa  been 
so  much  struck  with  the  importance  of  these 
experiments  that  it  haa  ofiioially  authorized  the 
protection  of  this  new  induatry  on  the  coaat  of 
Dalmatia, 

A  New  Calculating  Machine  has  jnst  been 
invented  in  France,  and  obtained  a  gold  medal 
at  the  exhibition.  The  inventor  ia  M.  Bollee 
of  Li  Mana,  a  clever  machlniat,  already  very 
favorably  known  by  other  uaeful  inventions. 
The  machine  does  addition,  multiplication  and 
division  with  astonishing  rapidity,  and  all  by 
a  turn  of  the  wheel. 


Jan.  26,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


61 


SOOD   I-IEj^LTH. 


Health  of  the  State. 

No  Serious  Bpldemlca  Reported. 

The  aeoretary  of  the  State  R;>ard  of  Health 
has  Usaed  hh  report  for  the  mooth  of  Ueodm- 
bor.  The  figares  givea  show  a  pleasing  state 
nf  tbiogs  regarding  the  health  of  the  State. 
Riporta  received  from  iocalitiea  repreaentuig  a 
popalatioD  of  781,000  give  the  number  of 
deaths  at  963,  a  percentage  of  1.-23  in  the  lOOO. 
or  an  annual  mortality  of  14.7tt,  which  is  a  lit* 
tie  higher  than  the  prevloaa  month's  rate- 
This  is  considered  a  very  favorable  report  when 
compared  with  the  general  average  of  mortality 
tbroDghout  the  country. 

Reports  received  from  100  looalitiee  indicate 
an  absence  of  aerioaa  epidemic  disease  within 
the  State.  The  extreme  moisture  and  cold 
which  prevailed  during  the  month  Increased  in 
a  marked  maoner  the  freqaenoy  of  all  afifec- 
tions  of  the  respiratory  organs,  with  a  oorre* 
BpondiDg  fatality  from  consumption,  pneumonia 
and  broDchitis. 

Typhoid  fever  is  quite  prevalent  throughout 
the  State,  and  iofluenza  is  also  reported  quite 
prevalent,  although  not  having  as  yet  attained 
the  severity  which  cbaraoterizen  the  dlseaee  as 
reported  from  Europe  and  the  Kistern  States. 
It  Is  undoubtedly  the  same  disease,  and  wilt 
become  epidemic,  although  the  type  may  be 
milder.  No  deaths  from  it  have  yet  been  re- 
ported, but  many  of  our  correspondents  agree 
upon  the-fact  that  the  disease  is  characterized 
by  that  extreme  debility  which  is  likely  to 
prove  fatal  to  the  debilitated,  or  those  suffer- 
Ine  from  previous  sickness,  or  in  the  very  aged. 

The  month  has  been  marked  by  aa  unnnual 
number  of  storms  upon  the  Pacific  Coast.  Riin 
fell  in  Oregon  and  Washiogton  on  19  days,  in 
Southern  California  on  IS  days,  and  in  North- 
ern California  on  24  days. 

The  mean  temperature  of  the  month  was 
aligbtly  above  the  normal  temperature  for  De- 
cember in  Southern  California,  and  slightly  be- 
low the  normal  in  other  Pacific  Coast  districts. 

In  Western  Washiagton  and  Northwestern 
Oregon  the  rainfall  for  the  month  was  less  than 
the  average  Daoember  rainfall.  In  all  other 
districte  the  precipitation  was  greater  than  the 
normal  amount,  particularly  in  California, 
where  no  station  reported  less  than  twice  the 
usual  amouDt.  At  several  California  stations 
more  than  five  times  the  normal  rainfall  was 
reported. 

Long  Lived  People, — The  Norwegians  are 
said  to  be  the  longest-lived  people  in  the  world. 
Official  statistics  show  that  the  average  duration 
of  life  in  Norway  is  4S.33  for  the  men,  51  30 
for  the  women,  and  49  77  for  both  sexes.  The 
duration  of  life  has  increased  in  late  ypars. 
The  director  of  the  Statistical  Bureau  of  Nor- 
way, who  is  authority  for  the  sfaove,  says:  *'If 
the  mortality  in  Norwa}'  is  17  per  cent  more 
favorable  than  In  Central  and  Western  Europs, 
it  is  greatly  due  to  the  comparatively  elight 
mortality  among  our  youngest  children."  To 
what  particular  causes  this  comparatively 
slight  mortality  among  children  is  due  we  are 
not  told,  but  probably  anxious  parents  in 
warmer  climates  may  take  a  hint  from  it  and 
make  inqairies. 

The  Influence  of  Olive  Oil  on  Biliary 
Secretion. — A  late  number  of  the  Medical 
News  says  that  the  usefulness  of  olive  oil  in 
biliary  colic  seems  to  be  substantiated  by  the 
recent  experiments  of  Riaenherg,  who,  in  dogs 
with  permanent  biliary  fiatulie,  fiads  that  large 
dosea  of  olive  oil  greatly  increase  the  flow  of 
bite  and  decrease  the  specific  gravity.  If  fut- 
ure experiments  prove  the  accuracy  of  the  state- 
ments that  olive  oil  assists  the  passage  of  cal- 
oali,  not,  as  maintained  by  the  supporters  of 
the  treatment,  as  a  lubricant,  but  by  increasing 
the  secretion  of  bile  and  washiog  out  the  gall- 
stones, it  will  probably  be  widely  adopted  if 
the  patients  do  not  object  to  the  dose. 

Palpitation  of  the  Heart. — A  French  phy- 
atoian  aunounoes  that  distressing  or  excessive 
palpitation  of  the  heart  can  always  be  arrested 
by  bending  double,  the  head  down  and  the 
hands  hanging,  so  as  to  produce  a  temporary 
congestion  of  the  npper  portion  of  the  body.  In 
nearly  every  instance  of  nervous  palpitation 
the  heart  immediately  resumes  its  natural 
function.  If  the  movements  of  respiration  are 
arrested  during  this  action,  the  effect  is  still 
more  rapid. 

A  New  Substitute  for  Tobacco  is  being 
introduced.  It  is  a  mixture  of  British  herbs — 
the  particular  plants  are  kept  secret  —  and 
smokers  who  have  tried  the  compound  declare 
it  to  be  deliclously  fragrant,  slightly  exhilarat- 
ing, and  withal  soothing  to  the  nerves.  Com- 
bined  with  ordinary  tobacco  it  is  said  to  make 
a  blend  as  satisfactory  as  that  of  chicory  or 
coffee.  At  present  it  is  prepared  in  Scotland, 
nnder  the  name  of  **  herb  tobacco,"  and  it  has 
rapidly  grown  in  favor  with  all  olasses  in  the 
north . 

White  OR  Black. — Experiments  at  Lsfpsic, 
Germany,  show  that  skin  grafted  from  a  white 
to  a  oolored  person  becomes  gradually  black, 
and  the  black  skin  grafted  upon  a  white  person 
in  time  becomes  white. 


Cheapening:  Transportation. 

The  American  public  does  not  appreciate  or 
give  due  credit  for  the  remarkable  reductions 
in  the  charges  for  railroad  transportation  which 
have  been  made  withio  the  past  few  years  and 
are  stilt  going  on.  The  St.  Louis  Republic  re- 
ferring to  a  t»ritl  sheet  of  the  Chicago  \.  Alton 
road  dated  April  20,  1863,  gives  the  following 
example  of  rates  per  hundred  pounds  from 
But  St.  Lonis  to  New  York  27  years  ago  com- 
pared with  those  now  in  force  : 

Corn 

Klonr,  per  barret , 

Bran 

PiK  lead 

Cotton .., 

Beor , 

DreiauiJ  boof....." '.'....■...'.., 

Hidea.  dry....; , 

IIide8,  Krcuii , ^5  9.i 

Flour,  iu  b»KS '29  1  CO 

In  what  other  department  of  industry  have 
charges  decreased  from  75  to  87^  per  cent  in 
the  last  23  years  ? 


I3sn. 

1$63 

«u  iS 

SO  »'. 

60 

1  90 

w 

96 

!i9 

95 

30 

2  60 

3i 

1  eu 

65 

2  SO 

87 

2  r>o 

Luminous  Paint. — Until  recently  the  com- 
mercial manufactareof  luminous  paint  has  been 
confined  to  England,  where  a  single  factory 
turns  out  a  small  supply  at  a  price  of  about  S3 
a  pound.  This  enormous  cost  seems  to  have 
prevented  the  use  of  the  paint  except  as  a  curi- 
osity. Daring  the  past  year,  however,  a  firm 
iu  Austria  has  found  means  to  produce  it  and 
place  it  on  the  market  at  50  cents  a  pound,  or 
about  one-sixth  of  the  English  price.  Even  at 
50  cents  a  pound,  a  enhstance  composed  of 
roasted  oyster  shells  and  sulphur  might  be 
manufactured  at  a  good  profit,  but  at  that  prioe 
it  is  likely  to  come  into  extensive  use.  Wher- 
ever it  can  absorb  light  during  the  day  it  will 
give  it  forth  at  night,and  it  is  said  that  a  railway 
oar  in  England,  which  has  had  its  ceiling  painted 
with  it,  was  so  brilliantly  illuminated  that  one 
could  see  to  read  a  newspaper  In  it  during  the 
darkest  night,  without  other  light.  With  all 
due  allowance  for  the  enthusiasm  of  early  ex- 
perimenters, there  is  no  doubt  that  cars  with 
ceilings  so  painted  would  be  pleasant  to  ride  in 
whether  dlae  could  really  see  to  read  in  them  at 
night  or  not ;  and  for  making  keyholes,  stair- 
ways and  sign-boards  luminous,  the  paint  would 
be  invaluable.  Lts  application  to  stairways 
is  a  particularly  obvious  one,  and  the  Austrian 
manufacturers  furnish  a  kind  of  wall  paper  on 
which  the  paint  can  be  used  to  better  advan- 
tage than  on  the  bare  plastering.  The  paper, 
which  is  of  a  leathery  texture,  is  first  treated 
with  lime-water,  and  then  primed  with  a  com- 
position furnished  by  the  same  firm.  After 
this  is  dry,  two  thin  coats  of  the  luminous  paint 
are  applied,  and  the  whole  may  then  be  var- 
nished. 

Carbonized  Sawdust  for  Filtering. — Car- 
bonized sawdust,  saturated  with  certain  chem- 
ical compounds,  has  recently  been  introduced 
into  Germany  aa  a  material  for  filtering  and  at 
the  same  time  discoloring  liquids.  Sawdust 
treated  first  with  alum,  and  then  with  sodium 
carbonate,  becomes  impregnated  with  a  precip- 
i  a':e  of  aluminum  hydrate,  which  adheres 
firmly  to  it.  After  being  well  washed  with  a 
solution  of  barium  chloride  until  no  precipitate 
is  given,  the  sodium  sulphate  simultaneously 
produced  is  entirely  removed,  and  then  pre- 
pared sawdust  is  ready  for  use.  Colored 
liquids  filtered  with  it  have  their  color  entirely 
removed  by  the  formation  of  fiikes  with  the 
aluminum  hydrate  present  in  the  filtering  ma- 
terial. A  sawdust  similarly  saturated  with 
barium  chloride  is  used  for  filtering  liquids, 
from  which  it  is  required  to  remove  calcium 
sulphate,  and  for  the  removal  of  calcium 
carbonate  from  a  solution  a  sawdust  that  has 
been  treated  with  magnesium  sulphate  and 
caustic  soda  is  employed. 


■  Patent-Medicine  Center.  —  St,  Louis  is 
now  the  great  distributing  center  of  the  coun 
try  for  patent  medicines.  Its  dealers  in  such 
goods  reaoh  more  than  4,000,000  purohasers. 


To  Mend  Terra- Cotta. — Terra-cotta  ware 
that  is  broken  upon  aslant,  either  outnard  or 
inward,  can  be  mended  by  roughing  the  broken 
surfaces  with  a  chisel  or  hammer,  then  placing 
the  pieces  together  and  pointing  them  with  a 
mixture  made  of  20  parts  clean  river  sand, 
two  parts  litharge  and  one  of  lime,  made  into 
a  thin  putty  with  linseed  oil.  If  the  terra- 
notta  is  very  red,  the  putty  can  be  colored  with 
Venetian  red.  If  other  colors  are  desired,  yellow 
oohre  or  Spanish  brown  will  give  the  desired 
shade.  Two  pieces  of  stone,  brick,  or  similar 
material  can  be  united  with  this  cement 
Sometimes  it  is  used  for  covering  the  outside  of 
brick  buildings  to  make  them  look  like  stone 
of  different  kinds. 

The  Latest  Thing  in  Gloves.— The  carry- 
ing of  money  in  the  glove  is  a  fixed  habit 
among  the  female  shoppers  of  all  large  cities  in 
this  and  all  other  civilized  countries.  Glove 
manufacturers  have  at  last  recogaized  the  cus- 
tom and  made  preparations  to  meet  its  require- 
ments. The  very  latest  "  thing  "  in  gloves  is  a 
palm  pocket  attachment,  roomy  enough  for  a 
respectable  roll  of  bills  or  all  the  '*  small 
change"  necessary  for  the  current  expenses  of 
an  afternoon  among  the  stores.  It  is  selling 
readily  in  Paris,  and  has  just  made  a  very  suc- 
cessful entree  in  the  American  market. 


Electric  Lighting  is  said  to  be  one  of  the 

hardest  kinds  of  work  for  a  steam  engine.    The 

continuons  running  and  the  work  being  thrown 

on  and   off  instantaneously  cause  an  immense 

I  strain, 


jLECTPjeiTY. 


The  Materials  for  Electric  Wires  and 
Gables. 

A  diBonssion  of  electrical  matters  wonld  be 
incomplete  without  reference  to  the  important 
adjuncts,  electric  wires  and  cables.  What 
belts  and  pulleys  are  to  a  steam  system,  the 
wires  and  cables  are  to  an  electric  system. 
They  are  the  conveyors  or  transmitters  of  the 
current,  and  through  the  current  of  the  light, 
heat,  power  or  sound. 

The  different  materials  from  which  wires 
might  be  made  present  an  interesting  property 
called  conductivity;  that  is,  some  convey  the 
current  much  more  readily  than  others,  the 
size  of  the  conducting  pieces  being  rqoal.  In 
a  water  analogy,  a  poor  conductor  ofiuring  re- 
sistance to  the  passage  of  the  current  may  be 
compared  to  a  pipe  with  a  rough  and  ragged  in- 
terior, when  the  friction  would  materially  re- 
duce the  flsw.  A  few  figures  will  show  these 
differences. 

Taking  the  conductivity  of  pare  copper  as  a 
maximum  and  giving  in  an  arbitrary  value  of 
100.  the  relative  conduotivity  of  wrought  iron 
is  16;  of  pure  lea*!,  S;  of  mercury,  6;  of  silver, 
100;  of  gold.  78;  of  platinum,  10.6;  of 
aluminum,  54  2.  For  telegraphic  practice 
where  the  current  is  weak,  galvanized  wire  is 
almost  universally  used.  Much  the  same  wire 
is  used  for  short- distance  telephone  lines,  but 
the  long  distance  and  metallic  circuit  lines  are 
now  using  copper  wire  entirely. 

The  high-pressure  currents  for  lighting  and 
power  require  wires  and  cables  of  the  highest 
conductivity  and  carefully  insulated  to  prevent 
leakage  of  the  electrical  current  which  not  only 
reduces  its  working  capacity  but  endangers  life 
and  property. 

The  need  of  durable  and  reliable  insulated 
wires  has  led  to  the  establiehment  and  growth 
of  an  enormous  industry  for  the  manufacture 
of  such  wires  and  cables.  The  requirements  to 
be  met  with  are  often  of  the  most  trying 
nature,  and  the  problems  of  wire  manufacturers 
have  been  difficult  in  the  extreme.  Not  only 
must  the  covering  exclude  the  air  in  dry 
weather,  but  must  stand  the  storms  of  every 
season,  must  resist  the  action  of  gases  and 
vapors  in  chemical  works  or  in  sub-surface  con- 
duits, must  even  allow  total  submersion  under 
water  for  indefinite  periods,  besides  possessing 
a  toughness  that  will  be  proof  against  the  rub- 
bing or  chafing  of  other  wires  and  the  wearing 
action  of  gravel  or  sand. 

Wben  it  is  realized  that  almost  every  acci- 
dent or  casualty  due  to  electricity  is  either  di- 
rectly or  indirectly  traceable  to  defective  in- 
sulation, the  importance  of  attention  to  this 
branch  of  the  industry  is  seen,  and  to  obtain  a 
perfectly  safe  iosulated  wire  is  the  work  of 
manufacturing  companies  that  have  already 
done  so  much  toward  improving  the  quality  of 
electric  wires   and   cablos. — Boston  Advertiser^ 


The     Electric     Telegraph     Suggested 
200  Years  Ago. 

The  R.v,  Canon  Jackson  of  L^igb  Balamere, 
Chippenham,  writes  as  follows  to  the  Bath 
Chronicle  :  "Joseph  Glanvill,  sometimes  called 
'Sadduoismus  Triumphatus  Glanvill,'  rector  of 
Bath  from  1666  to  1672,  was  a  learned  writer 
upon  abstruse  and  mystical  subjects,  but  in  a 
style  of  which  it  is  not  always  easy  to  catch  the, 
meaning.  In  one  of  his  treatises,  called  '  The 
Vanity  of  Dogmatizing,'  printed  in  1661,  Chap- 
ter XXI,  he  is  speaking  of  'supposed imposeibil- 
ities,  which  may  not  be  ec'  In  the  concluding 
sentence  of  the  following  passage  he  seems  to 
have  anticipated  the  electric  telegraph  :  *But 
yet  to  advance  another  instance.  That  men 
should  confer  at  very  distant  removes  by  an  ex- 
temporary Intercourse  is  a  reputed  impossibil- 
ity; but  yet  there  are  some  hints  in  natural  op- 
erations that  give  us  probability  that  'tis  feas- 
ible, and  may  be  compassed  without  unwar- 
antable  assistance  from  dfemoniack  corre- 
spondence. That  a  couple  of  needles  equally 
touched  by  the  same  magnet,  being  set  in  two 
dials  exactly  proportioned  to  each  other,  and 
circumscribed  by  the  letters  of  the  alphabet, 
may  effect  this  *  magnale '  {i.  e.,  important  re- 
sult), hath  considerable  authorities  to  avouch 
it.  The  manner  of  It  is  thus  represented.  Let 
the  friends  that  would  communicate  take  each 
a  dial,  and  having  appointed  a  time  for  their 
sympathetic  conference,  let  one  move  his  im- 
pregnate needle  to  any  letter  in  the  alphabet, 
and  its  affected  fellow  will  precisely  respect 
the  same.  So  that  would  I  know  what  my 
friend  would  acquaint  me  with,  'tis  but  observ- 
ing the  letters  that  are  pointed  at  by  my 
needle,  and  in  their  order  transcribing  them 
from  their  sympbatised  index  as  its  motion  di- 
rects; and  I  may  be  assured  that  my  friend  de- 
scribed the  same  with  his;  and  that  the  words 
on  my  paper  are  of  his  inditing.  Now,  though 
there  be  some  ill  contrivance  in  a  circumstance 
of  this  invention,  in  that  the  thus  impregnate 
needles  will  not  move  to,  but  avert  from,  each 
other  (as  ingenious  Dr.  Browne  hath  observed), 
yet  this  cannot  prejudice  the  main  design  of 
this  way  of  secret  conveyance;  since  It  is  but 
reading  uounter  to  the  magnetic  informer,  and 
noting  the  letter  which  is  most  distant  in  the 
abecederian  circle,  from  that  which  the  needle 
turns  to,  and  the  case  is  not  altered.'  Now,though 
this  desirable  effect  possibly  may  not  yet  answer 
the  expectations  of  inquisitive  experiment,  yet 
'tis  no   despicable  item,  that  by    some  other 


such  way  of  magnetick  cffioiency  it  may  here- 
after with  success  be  attempted,  when  magical 
history  shall  be  enlarged  by  riper  inspections; 
and  'tis  not  unlikely  but  that  present  disoov- 
eries  might  be  Improved  to  the  porformanoe,  " 

Accidents  from  Electrical  Wires. — That 
Boston  should  have  been  seriously  scorched  on 
Thank«givtng  Day  by  the  undue  energy  of 
crossed  electrical  wires,  says  an  exchange,  ar* 
gucs  nothing  against  the  use  of  the  electric 
fiuid  as  an  illuminator  or  mechanical  motor.  It 
simply  indicates  the  imperfection  which  at- 
tends the  introduction  of  all  dangerous  sys- 
tems into  eocal  life,  but  which  tbe  age  of  im- 
provement will  in  time  render  innoouons,  as 
their  nature  becomes  better  understood.  Lives 
have  been  sacrificed  and  property  burned,  and 
there  will  be  more  of  these  disasters  until  the 
time  arrives  when  proper  safeguards,  born  of 
these  rude  experiences,  will  be  adopted  and 
life  and  property  will  be  no  longer  jeopardized. 
The  first  Atlantic  voyago  of  Columbus  was  a 
hazardous  and  fearful  adventure;  a  voyage  to 
Europe  is  now  a  safe  and  pleasant  pastime. 
"Time  oonqaers  all  things"  in  more  sensea 
than  one. 

Vast  Electric  Motive-Power  for  Port- 
land.— A  committee  has  been  appointed  in 
Portland,  Me.,  to  consider  the  subject  of  devel- 
oping ihe  industries  of  that  city  by  obtaining 
electric-power  from  the  Presumpscot  river.  It 
is  said  that  a  syndicate  with  a  capital  of  $300,- 
000  has  been  formed,  and  that  they  now  own 
the  vast  water-power  on  the  Presnmpsoot, 
above  the  point  where  the  large  dam  of  S.  D. 
Warren  &  Co,  has  been  put  in.  It  is  claimed 
that  when  it  is  properly  developed  a  manufact- 
uring power  equal  to  the  combined  power  at 
Saco,  Biddeforo,  Auburn,  Lewlston  and  Lowell 
will  be  obtained,  and  that  with  that  power  at  the 
command  of  the  citizens  of  Portland,  this  may 
be  made  a  great  manufacturing  city.  The  War- 
ren "plant"  will  be  in  addition  to  this  new 
scheme  and  the  combined  power  might  be  al- 
most beyond  calculation. 

Electricity  in  Mining. — The  Nevada  mill 
at  Virginia  City,  of  60  stamps,  is  now  run  by 
electricity.  The  plant  is  one  of  the  largest  in 
the  world,  and  transmits  on  copper  wires. 
The  power  is  generated  in  the  dynamo  cham- 
ber, which  is  located  on  the  Satro  tunnel  level 
of  the  Chollar  incline,  1630  feet  below  the  sur- 
face, and  transmitted  to  tbe  motor-room  lo- 
cated on  the  surface,  a  total  distance  of  2300 
feet.  The  dynamos  are  operated  by  Pelton 
wheels  driven  by  a  volume  of  187  inches  of 
water  flowing  down  the  shaft  through  ten-inch 
iron  pipes.  Sixty-three  and  one-third  per  cent 
of  the  power  generated  is  landed  tn  the  surface 
motors.  The  plant  has  been  in  constant  oper- 
ation for  three  months  under  the  supetvieion  of 
Horace  S.  Conner,  the  electrician  tor  the  Brush 
Company. 

A  New  Cell. — Report  says  that  Mr.  Edison 
has  perfected  a  new  cell  for  telegraphic  use 
whicb  possesses  some  remarkable  points  in  its 
favor.  A  cylinder  of  zinc,  and  inside  this  a 
thick  stick  of  caastic  soda  in  water,  constitutes 
the  cell.  It  is  claimed  to  have  an  internal  re- 
sistance of  only  0.025  ohm.,  and  permits  a  dis- 
charge of  15  amperes,  with  an  inappreciable  loss 
by  local  action;  an  £.  M.  F.  of  about  one  volt., 
and  to  be  free  from  polarization,  and  never 
needs  cleaning.  These  are  very  wide  claims, 
and  if  they  are  substantiated  in  practice  the 
cell  will  have  an  extensive  field  of  usefulness. 


The  Paper-Mills  of  the  L,  L.  Brown  Co., 
Adams,  Mass.,  will  be  ran  by  electricity  in  a 
short  time.  They  are  now  investigating  a 
scheme  for  applying  electricity  in  driving  the 
machinery.  A  mile  above  Adams  there  is  a 
30foot  fall  in  the  river,  and  the  company  pro- 
poses to  put  up  an  electrical  plant  to  be  run  by 
the  water-power  thus  obtained,  the  electricity 
being  carried  by  wires  to  the  mill.  The  en- 
gine now  used  is  of  200-horse  power,  and  if 
sufficient  water-power  can  be  obtained  to  run  a 
djinamo  strong  enough  to  drive  the  machinery, 
the  pro j  set  will  be  carried  through. 

Electrical  Tooth  Extractor,  —  An  elec- 
trical instrument  bas  been  invented  which  is  de- 
signed to  remove  the  pain  incidental  to  the  ex- 
traction of  teeth.  Itconsistsof  adjustable,  pivot- 
ally  connected  prongs  carrying  buttons  and  con- 
nected with  an  electrical  battery,  tbe  buttons 
being  placed  on  the  face  over  tbe  nerves  leading 
from  the  teeth  to  the  brain,  and  a  circuit  es- 
tablished the  moment  the  tooth- extracting  in- 
strument touches  the  tooth  to  be  removed. 

Telephones. — The  action  of  France  with  re- 
gard to  telephones  appears  to  be  contagions, 
and  it  is  now  announced  by  an  Italian  cotem- 
porary  that  the  Italian  Government  intends  to 
monopolize  the  telephone  system  in  that  coun- 
try. Our  own  Postmaster-General  also  has  de- 
signs on  the  telephone  compfiniee  as  eonn  as  the 
patents  of  the  National  Telephone  Company 
run  out, 

Electricity '  in  South  America,— Qaite  a 
number  of  Boston  firms  are  shipping  large  con- 
signments of  electrical  goods  to  South  American 
countries,  and  from  what  they  state  it  seems 
evident  that  matters  are  in  a  fair  way  for  the 
opening  up  of  a  great  market  in  South  America 
for  United  States  electrical  goods. 

.  Electrical  Engineering. — The  polytechnic 
institute  at  Worcester,  Mass.,  has  introduced 
a  new  course  of  electrical  engineering  leading 
to  the  degree  of  bachelor  of  science. 


62 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Jan.  25,  1890 


A.  T.  DBWBY,  W.  B.  KWER. 

DEWEY  &  CO.,  Publishers. 

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tr  Take  the  Elevator,  Ho.  IS  Front  Sf^^ 

W.  B.  EWER Sbhior  Editor 

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Saturday,  January   25,    1890. 


TABLE  OP  CONTENTS. 


ILLUSTRATIONS.— Sectional  View  of  Mill  for  Con- 
centraHng  and  Dressing  Ores;  Hollow  Iron  Pig-Pat- 
terns, 55.    Snow-Shoe  Racing  in  the  Sierras,  59. 

EDlTOiiLALS.— Concentration  of  Ore;  Hollow  Iron 
Pig-Pfttterns,  55.  Passing  Events;  The  Latest  Sliver 
Bill;  "Dope"  for  Snow  Shovels;  The  Storm;  Mine 
Superintendent's  Reports,  68.    Snow-Shoeing  in  the 

MISCELLANEOUS.— Gold-Panning  Machine;  The 
Local  Mint;  Dea'h  of  Emlen  Painter;  From  a  "Worked 
Out "  Mine;  Mining  Bureau  Museum;  Leadvitle  and 
Aspen;  Comstock  Tunnel  Compary;  The  Trusts  and 
Combiner;  An  Important  Case;  Drues  and  Doctors; 
Cigarette  Smoking,  56.  The  Martin  White  Suit  Ended; 
eons,  rialifornia  and  Virginia;  California's  Wealth  of 
Gold;  In  a  Flower  Garden;  Anti-Trust  Bill;  Comstock 
Total  Bullion  Yield;  Progress  of  the  Irrigation  Survey, 
57. 

MECHANICAL  PROGRESS.  —  American  Iron 
(or  England;  Car- Wheels  of  Rolled  Steel;  New  Machine 
for  the  Recovery  of  Metals;  A  Peifect  Tin-Can  Maker; 
Iron  and  Steel;  Price  of  Steel;  The  Idea  of  the  Railway 
Three  Centuries  Old;  Bronze  for  Axle-Boxea,  Anneal- 
ing Steel;  Wire  Nails,  60. 

SCIENTIFIC  PROaRESS.-Scientiac  Progress 
in  1889;  Taking  Aim  in  Shooting;  Counterfeiting 
Rendered  Impossible;  Zercon— What  is  it;  Artificial 
Propagation  of  the  Sponge;  Miscellaneous,  60. 

GOOD  HEALTH.— Health  of  the  State;  Long  Lived 
People;  The  Influence  of  Olive  Oil  on  Bdiary  Secretion; 
Palpitation  of  the  Heart;  White  or  Black;  Patent  Medi- 
cine Center;  Uiflcellaueous,  61. 

USEFUL  INFORMATION.— Cheapening  Trans- 
uortation;  Luminous  Paint;  Carbonized  Sawdust  for 
Filtering;  To  Mend  Terra-Cotta;  The  Latest  Thing  in 
Gloves;  Miscellaneous,  61. 

ELECTRICITY.— The  Materials  tor  Electric  Wires 
and  Cables;  The  Electric  Telegraph  Suggested  200  Years 
Ago;  Accidents  from  Electrical  Wires;  Vast  Electric 
Motive-Power  for  Portland;  Electricity  in  Mining;  A 
New  Cell;  Electrical  Tooth  Extractor;  Telephones; 
Electricity  in  South  America;  Electrical  Engineering; 
MtEcellaneouB,  61. 

MINING  SUMMARY— From  the  various  counties 
of  California,  Nevada,  Arizona,  Colorado,  Idaho,  Mon- 
tana, New  Mexico,  Oregon,   Utah,  Wyoming,  63-3.  • 

MINING  STOCK  MARKET.— Sales  at  the  San 
Francisco  Stook  Board,  Notices  of  Meetings,  Assess- 
ments, Dividends,  and  Bullion  Shipments,  68. 

Business  Announoemeiits. 

[NBW  THIS  ISSDB.] 

Assessment  Notice— Gray  Eagle  Mining  Co, 
Situation  Wanted— "J.  A.,"  Box  2517. 

i^  See  Advertising  Columns. 


Passing  Events. 

The  Btormy  weather  still  oontinnes  and  the 
railroad  linea  in  the  Sierraa  and  Siskiyoas  are 
blocked  with  snow.  Hundreds  of  men  and  all 
the  plows  are  at  work,  with  bat  little  Buooess, 
however,  as  the  snow  drifts  into  the  oats  as 
fast  as  it  is  removed. 

No  bullion  was  received  from  the  mines  this 
week,  as  the  express  companies  have  refused 
to  receive  any  in  the  snow-blookaded  dia- 
triots. 

Mining  matters  are  pretty  much  at  a  stand- 
still in  this  State  and  in  Nevada,  owing  to  the 
storm.  On  the  Oomstook  no  ore  shipments  can 
be  made,  and  in  this  State  many  mills  have 
been  compelled  to  stop  owing  to  the  freezing  of 
water  supply.  Hundreds  of  miners  are  tem- 
porarily out  of  work. 

Unprecedented  snow  and  rainfalls  have  been 
experienced  in  all  directions.  All  the  mount- 
ain towns  are  covered  with  deep  snow.  In 
some  places  on  the  railroads  it  is  from  25  to 
40  feet  deep.  Travel  has  been  obstructed  and 
business  demoralized.  We  have  had  no  letters 
or  papers  from  north  or  east  for  a  week  past. 

Judge  Lorenzo  Sawyer,  who  decided  the 
famous  debris  case,  may  resign  shortly  from 
the  federal  bench  and  retire  on  his  pension. 


The  Latest  Silver  Bill. 

On  last  Monday  two  important  silver  bills 
were  introduced  into  the  House  of  Rspresenta- 
tives.  One  was  drafted  by  Secretary  Win* 
dom,  and  the  other  by  Colonel  Kirby,  the 
veteran  financial  editor  of  the  New  York 
Journal  of  Commerce.  Secretary  Windom's 
bill  is  in  the  same  line  as  suggested  in  his  an- 
nual report  to  Congress,  which  was  published 
at  the  time  in  the  Mining  and  Scientific 
Press.  He  neither  adds  to  nor  makes  any 
changes,  and  therefore  it  is  objectionable  alike 
to  the  silver  and  gold  men.  The  more  bis  bill 
is  studied  the  more  convinced  mast  even  the 
most  obtuse  be  that  there  is  not  only  *'a  negro 
behind  the  fence,"  but  if  enacted  into  a  law  as 
introduced,  the  result  will  be  to  make  silver 
more  of  a  commercial  commodity  than  it  is 
now.  There  can  be  no  doubt  bat  the  bill  will 
meet  with  strong  opposition  and  be  relegated 
to  a  back  seat.  If  absolute  free  coinage  can- 
not be  secured,  then  Colonel  Kirby's  bill  com* 
mends  itself  in  more  ways  than  one  as  a 
compromise  measure;  not  the  least  of  which  is 
the  placing  of  silver  on  the  same  footiog  with 
gold  by  making  provision  for  free  coinage  on 
and  after  January  1,  1S92.  The  text  of  the 
bill  as  telegraphed  is  as  follows: 

Section  1.  From  and  after  thelatdayof 
January,  1S92,  any  owner  of  gold  or  silver  bull 
inn  may  deposit  the  same  at  any  mint  in  the 
United  States,  to  be  formed  into  coin  or  bars, 
for  his  benefit,  in  the  manner  now  prescribed 
by  law  for  gold  bullion. 

Sec.  2.  After  the  Ist  day  of  January,  1892, 
the  owner  of  any  gold  or  silver  bullion,  or  of 
any  gold  or  silver  coins  of  the  United  States, 
may  deposit  the  same  at  the  Treasury,  or  any 
sub-treasury  of  the  United  States,  in  tven  mul- 
tiples of  one  dollar,  and  shall  receive  for  the 
same  legal  tender  notes  of  such  denominations 
authorized  by  law  as  he  may  demand. 

Sec.  3.  After  the  Ist  diy  of  January,  1892, 
legal  tender  notes  of  the  United  States  shall  ba 
substituted,  as  soon  as  possible,  for  all  gold 
and  silver  oerti&cates  outstanding,  and  all  gold 
and  silver  certificates  paid  into  the  Treasury 
of  the  United  States  after  the  Ist  day  of  Janu- 
ary, 1892,  shall  be  canceled  and  destroyed,  and 
legal  tender  notes  of  like  denominations  shall 
be  issued  in  lieu  thereof. 

Seo,  4.  The  Sesretary  of  the  Treasury  is 
hereby  directed  to  purchase  for  coinage  eaoh 
month  the  maximum  amount  of  silver  bullion 
authorized  to  be  purchased  by  the  existing  taw 
from  the  date  of  the  passage  of  this  Act  to  Dd- 
oemberSl,  1891. 

Sec.  5.  After  the  Ist  day  of  January,  1892, 
no  gold  or  silver  ballion  shall  be  purohaied  for 
nr  on  account  of  the  Treasury  of  the  United 
States,  except  so  much  as  may  be  necessary  to 
carry  out  the  provisions  of  tbe  Act  to  provide 
for  the  redemption  of  specie  payment,  as  pro- 
vided January  14,  1875,  and  as  amended  by  this 
Act;  provided  that  any  bonds  iesued  for  the  pur- 
chase of  gold  or  silver  bullion  shall  bear  inter- 
est at  not  less  than  2  per  cent  per  annutn,  and 
shall  be  payable,  principal  and  interest,  in  gold 
or  silver  coin,  or  bullion,  or  legal  tender  notes, 
at  the  option  of  the  holder,  and  shall  not  be 
sold  for  less  than  par  in  gold  or  silver  coin  of 
the  United  States,  or  the  equivalent  thereof  in 
bullinn,  and  shall  be  payable  at  the  option  of 
the  United  States  after  ninety  days'  notice,  to 
be  given  by  the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury. 

Sec,  6.  After  the  Ist  day  of  January,  1892, 
all  legal  tender  notes  of  the  United  States  shall 
be  redeemed  in  gold  or  silver  coin  or  bullion 
at  the  option  of  the  holder,  and  when  redeemed 
may  be  reissued  from  time  to  time  as  pablio 
interest  may  require,  and  shall  be  received  in 
payment  of  duties  on  imports. 

The  above  ought  to  go  still  further  and  make 
the  legal  tender  quality  of  silver  coin  up  to 
$100,  Experienced  financiers  say  that  no  rea- 
sonable excuse  can  be  given  against  increasing 
its  legal  tender  quality,  and  if  done,  silver  will 
take  care  of  itself.  The  bill  oug^  to  go  still 
farther  in  another  direction,  and  make  the 
United  States  the  sole  issuer  of  paper  currency, 
and  in  pursuance  of  this  policy  force  the  retire- 
ment of  national  bank  notes.  Cleveland's  ad- 
ministration broke  up  that  monster  of  corrup- 
tion, the  **Navy  Ring,"  and  if  Harrison's  ad- 
ministration breaks  up  the  National  Bank  ring, 
it  will  deserve  equal  commendation. 


'*Dope"  for  Snow-Shovels. 

As  a  goodly  number  of  the  people  cf  Oalifor- 
nia,  Nevada,  Idaho,  Montana  and  Utah  are 
about  these  times  engaged  in  shoveling  snow, 
any  hint  to  help  them  in  their  work  ought  to 
be  acceptable.  It  is  very  generally  known  that 
snow  la  apt  to  atlok  to  the  shovels  and  clog 
them  up,  so  they  have  to  be  scraped  frequent- 
ly; but  it  may  not  be  generally  known  that 
there  is  a  way  to  avoid  this  and  make  the  work 
easier.  Up  around  Truckee  and  that  vicinity, 
where  they  know  something  about  snow-shor- 


eling,  a  '*dope,"  something  like  that  used  on 
Oilifornia  anowshoes,  is  applied  on  the  shov- 
els. The  snowshoe  dope,  which  keeps  the  shoes 
free  from  snow,  is  ordinarily  made  of  beeswax, 
resin  and  tallow.  By  mixing  these  ingredients 
together,  though  with  more  realn  and  lesa  tal- 
low than  for  anowshoes,  a  compound  is  made 
which,  applied  on  the  shovels^  keeps  them  from 
clogging  with  snow.  The  dope  is  about  the 
consistency  of  shoemakers*  wax,  and  is  applied 
by  robbing  in  little  dabs  and  then  spreading  it 
evenly  by  rubbiog  until  a  coating  is  evenly  put 
on,  not  too  thick,  and  a  polished  surface  is 
thus  obtained,  from  which  the  snow  readily 
slides  off. 

The  shovel  should  be  slightly  heated  and 
the  dope  applied  to  the  blade  and  up  the 
handle  for  about  a  ^foot.  This  makes  a 
smooth  glazed  surface  which  will  last  from  a 
day  to  a  week,  according  to  the  character  of 
the  snow  and  the  amount  the  shovel  is  used. 
Paraffioe  is  better  than  tallow  for  this  dope, 
but  not  so  easily  obtained.  Any  one  who  has 
ever  used  a  snow- shovel  covered  in  this  way 
will  decline  an  undoped  one  for  the  fature,  aa 
the  work  is  rendered  so  much  easier. 


The  Siorm. 

We  have  had  no  saoh  continaed  stormy 
weather  in  the  State  since  tbe  memorable  win- 
ters of  1853-4  and  1861-2,  until  this  year,  but 
in  some  respects  the  winter  ia  worse  thau  any 
that  has  preceded  it  eince  Americans  occupied 
California.  The  snowfall  in  the  mountains  is 
heavier  than  ever  before  known,  and  rain  on 
the  coast  has  been  wonderful  in  quantity.  In 
Sin  Francisco  up  to  Wednesday  the  total  rain- 
fall has  been  30.24  inches,  the  heaviest,  with 
one  exception,  sinoe  1849.  The  exception  was 
in  the  season  of  1861-62,  at  the  -time  of  the 
great  Sacramento  floods,  when  the  rainfall  for 
January  alone  was  24  Inches.  South  of  us,  at 
Felton,  in  the  Santa  Cruz  mountains,  they 
have  had  65  inches,  and  at  Boulder  creek, 
seven  miles  from  Felton,  they  have  had  over 
81  inches  this  season. 

But  it  is  on  the  mountains  where  most  of  the 
trouble  is  being  experienced.  Tbe  trains  are 
blockaded  in  the  Stskiyous  and  in  the  Sierras, 
and  have  been  for  a  week,  notwithstanding  the 
snow-plows  and  armies  of  men  that  have  been 
working  to  open  the  roads  and  release  the 
trains.  We  have  had  no  mails  from  the  East 
or  North  for  a  week,  and  at  this  writing 
(Thursday)  tbe  railroad  officials  cannot  tell 
when  the  blockade  will  be  raised. 

In  many  of  the  mountain  towns  of  California 
and  Nevada,  owing  to  the  blockiog  of  railroads 
and  impassability  of  other  roads,  provisions  are 
scarce  and  high.  In  some  places  they  are  tak- 
ing provisions  in  on  pack-trains  or  snow-shoes. 
At  Grass  Valley  the  mines,  all  but  the  Omaha, 
have  been  closed  since  SUurday  evening,  11th 
inst.,  cau<4ing  a  loes  to  miners  alone  of  from 
$1500  to  $2000  a  day,  to  say  nothing  of  the 
loss  to  the  mining  companies.  The  same  state 
of  affairs  exists  in  most  other  mining  districts. 
Ore  shipments  have  been  stopped  and  bands 
temporarily  laid  off.  There  have  been  no  bull- 
ion shipments  received  for  a  week  past,  and 
Wells,  Fargo  &  Oo.*s  express  are  refusing  to  re- 
ceive any  for  the  present,  as  they  cannot  trans- 
port it. 

A  number  of  quartz-Dnills  and  hoisting  works 
have  been  crushed  by  the  snow.  The  hoisting 
works  and  buildings  of  the  Brunswick  and 
Pennsylvania  mines,  Grass  Valley,  the  Orleans 
mill,  the  buildings  at  the  G^ld  Hill  mill,  the 
concentrating-room  of  the  Laramie  mill,  the 
old  Crosby  smelting  works  and  Fortuna  hoist- 
ing works,  are  among  those  damaged. 

Mining  work  has  practically  stopped  in  most 
of  the  camps  in  this  State  and  Nevada.  In 
fact  out-door  work  of  all  kinds,  except  snow- 
shoveling,  ia  at  a  standstill.  Here  in  Sjiu  Fran- 
cisco and  other  coast  cities  there  is  more  or  leas 
distress  among  the  laboring  population,  num- 
bers of  whom  have  been  unable  to  do  any  out- 
door work  for  a  month  or  more  past.  Building 
operations  have  ceased,  and  no  street  work  can 
be  carried  on.  The  mercantile  community  are 
doing  little  or  nothing  in  busioese,  aa  no  goods 
can  be  shipped.  All  these  things  have  brought 
about  a  stringency  in  money  matters,  a  result 
due  directly  to  the  long-continued  and  excep- 
tionally stormy  weather. 


Mine  Superintendent's  Reports. 

Judge  Shafter  this  week  sustained  the  de- 
murrer in  the  case  of  Theodore  Fox  against  H. 
M.  Levy  and  other  directors  of  the  Savage  Min- 
ing Co.  Mr.  Fox  sought  to  recover  $12,000 
penalties  alleged  to  have  been  incurred  by  the 
officers  of  the  Savage  Company  on  account  of 
failure  on  their  part  to  post  up  in  their  office 
certain  information  concerning  the  superintend- 
ent's report  required  to  be  published  in  that 
way.  The  decision  virtually  says  the  Act  of 
the  Legislature  may  be  ignored  and  that  the 
reports  need  not  be  posted. 

By  Act  of  April  23, 1880,  it  is  provided  that  in 
case  of  the  failure  of  the  directors  to  have  the 
reports  and  acoonnta  current  made  and  posted, 
they  shall  be  liable  to  a  penalty  of  $1000,  with 
costs  of  suit,  to  be  recovered  by  any  complain- 
ing stockholders. 

This  action  was  brought  for  the  purpose  of 
enforcing  thia  penalty  againat  the  dlreotore  fo 
the  failure  to  post  the  super  in  tend  ent's  report, 
such  failure  having  occurred  for  three  sucoesaive 
months,  as  specified  in  the  complaint. 

The  judge  in  his  decision  says:  The  ques- 
tion is,  Were  the  directors  obliged  to  publish 
tbe  superintendent's  report  under  tbe  provi- 
sions of  the  statute  f  It  eeema  to  me  that  there 
are  many  reasons  why  the  report  of  a  auperin- 
tendent  should  not  be  carried  bodily  into  a 
balance-sheet  or  an  itemized  account  of  the  di- 
rectors and  be  posted.  In  the  first  place,  it  is 
impossible,  not  being  within  the  power  of  the 
directors.  While  the  corporation  must  be  or- 
ganized and  doing  business,  having  its  principal 
office  in  this  city,  the  mine  may  be  in  Mexico, 
in  Nevada  or  in  Colorado.  The  superintend- 
ent must,  of  necessity,  be  resident  at  the  time. 
His  duties  are  to  be  performed  there.  He  is 
rehired  to  render  his  report  to  the  directors 
on  the  very  day  that  they  are  called  upon  to 
publish  their  itemized  account.  It  will  be  seen 
at  a  glance  that  such  an  act  on  the  part  of  the 
directors  is  impossible. 

The  subject-matter  of  the  superintendent's 
report  could  not  possibly  be  included  in  any 
BDoh  itemized  statement  or  balance-sheet  as 
mentioned  In  the  first  section  of  the  Act.  The 
provisions  commandlag  the  superiotendent  to 
make  a  weekly  statement  regarding  the  number 
of  men  employed  and  the  rate  of  wages  paid 
them  would  be  unnecessarily  carried  into  thia 
account,  as  it  would  furnish  no  facts  from 
which  conld  certainly  be  asoertained  the  actual 
disbursement  for  labor.  Nor  can  the  aaperin- 
tendent  be  able  by  any  possibility  on  the  first 
Monday  of  the  month  to  give  a  complete  re- 
port, under  oath,  of  tbe  work  done  in  the  mine, 
the  amount  of  ore  extracted,  what  part  of  the 
mine  taken  from,  what  disposition  has  been 
made  of  the  ore,  what  its  assay  value  is,  nor  as 
regards  the  amount  of  bullion  received  or  the 
manner  of  its  final  disposition.  Nor  could  large 
quantities  of  ore  which  had  been  mined,  and 
which  remained  piled  in  the  mine  t>r  on  the 
dump,  be  ascertained  so  that  the  superintend- 
ent could  make  a  statement  under  oath  re- 
garding such  amounts  of  ore,  or  of  the  value 
thereof.  Nor  could  the  discoveries  of  ores  and 
minerals,  and  how  the  location  of  those  orei 
were  ascertained,  nor  the  assay  value  thereof, 
be  ascertained.  Certainly  the  directors  could 
not  be  held  to  make  a  statement  under  oath  of 
the  particular  existence  of  these  facts,  having 
no  personal  knowledge  thereof. 

The  final  paragraph  in  the  section  seems  to 
dispose  of  all  the  superintendent's  report  upon 
these  very  topics.  It  is  provided  there  that 
all  his  accounts,  reports  and  correspondence  ■ 
shall  be  kept  in  some  conspicuous  place  in  the 
office  of  said  company  and  be  open  to  the  in- 
spection of  all  the  stockholders.  In  short,  that 
the  terms  '*  posted  "  and  *'  kept  in  some  con- 
spicaous  place"  have  separate  and  distinct 
meanings,  and  that  these  several  reports  and 
accounts  cannot  be  held  to  be  included  within 
that  section  providing  for  a  penalty. 


Albert  E.  Titus,  a  well-known  mining  man, 
died  at  Oakland  on  Sunday. 


Astronomical  Society. — A  meeting  of  the 
A<itronomical  Society  of  the  Pacific  will  be 
held  on  Saturday  evening.  The  following 
papers  are  announced:  **The  Lunar  Kills 
Ariadaeua  and  Hyginns,"  by  E.  S.  Holden. 
''Physical  Observations  of  Japiter  in  1889, 
with  Drawings,"  by  James  E.  Keeler.  "The 
Orbit  of  the  Binary  Star,  Mu  Herculis,"  by  A, 
O.  Lsnechner.  '*'A  New  and  Simple  Form  of 
Electrio  Control  for  Equatorial  Driving 
Clooka,"  by  Jas.  K.  Keeler. 


Jan.  26,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press, 


63 


The  Structure    of  Clay  Slate    Rocks. 

Strati  Ucatloa   or   Btidcllofr>   Jolnta   aod 
Oleavase, 

The  t«rni  '*  Clay  Slate  *'  la  now  generally  re- 
■trioted  to  the  eedimeotary  arKllUoeoaa  rooks 
baviog  a  oteavage,  and  whtoh  oan  be  split  iato 
thin  plates  like  roofing  slate. 

The  foUowiag  analysis  of  ordinary  Welob 
roofing  slate  (blue)  given  by  IVofessor  Hull  will 
be  snfTuient  to  show  that  the  balk  of  a  slate 
deposit  is  made  up  obiEfly  of  silioa  and  alumina, 
and  was  therefore  at  one  time  ordinary  olay  : 


IrOD  (protoxiilo) 

7.80 

>'>fnHla 

220 

VMiah 

S.'S 

8od» 

8.20 

Water    

S  TO 

Total 

lOO.CO 

The  oolor  of  the  deposit  at  any  given  place 
depends  npon  the  qaantity  and  niture  of  the 
mineral  matter  which  we  see  In  smaller  qnanti. 
ties  is  mixed  up  with  it. 

In  examining  some  of  the  slate  material  un- 
der the  mierosoopd,  the  late  Mr.  Divid  Forbes 
found  a  small  quantity  of  agreenisb  mineral, 
probably  oblorate. 

The  ordinary  oolor  of  slates  is  bine,  of  differ- 
ent shades.  This  oolor  is  derived  from  the 
presence  of  protoxide  of  iron.  The  red  and 
pnrple  varieties  take  their  oolor,  like  the  marls 
of  the  Permian  strata,  from  iron  in  the  form  of 
peroxide ;  two  parts  of  iron  combined  with 
three  of  oxygen.  Into  slate  of  a  green  oolor, 
which  is  the  least  common  variety,  iron  leae 
largely  enters,  and  in  a  combination  with  mag- 
nesia gives  them  the  greenish  hue.  In  soft 
black  slates  there  ia  a  good  deal  of  carbonaoeoue 
matter  and  sulphide  of  iron  in  a  decomposed 
etste  finely  disseminated  throughout  the  mass. 

The  study  of  the  C^Iifornian  slate  rocks  ie  of 
the  greatest  importance  to  those  engQged  In 
gold  mining;  by  some  geologists  they  have  been 
oatled  auriferous  slates. 

Stratification,  or  as  it  is  commonly  called,  bed- 
dings is  a  term  employed  by  geologists  to  denote 
a  parallel  structure  in  rooks,  oaused  by  the  sue* 
cessive  eobiqueoua  deposition  of  layers  more  or 
less  thick  of  mineral  matter,  previously  held  in 
solation  or  suspension  in  water,  the  arrangement 
being  in  layers  or  etrata  more  or  less  horizontal 
and  parallel  to  each  other. 

Although  the  planes  of  stratification  in  the 
slate  rooks  are  usually  spoken  of  as  parallel, 
this  is  not  strictly  true;  however,  regarded  on  a 
large  scale,  stratification  possesses  all  the  gen- 
eral features  of  paTalletism.  In  some  of  the 
older  slates  it  is  often  a  matter  of  considerable 


cleavage  generally  follow  the  strike  of  those  of 
the  bedding.  Oooasionally  the  lines  of  cleavage 
may  coincide  with  those  of  the  bedding  when 
the  strata  stands  at  high  angles,  but  for  the 
most  part  it  is  transverse,  and  even  often  at 
right  angles  to  the  original  sedimentary  layers. 
Lines  of  cleavage  were  formerly  often  mistaken 
for  lioes  of  beddiog  and  serious  mistakes  as  to 
the  relative  position  of  great  rook  masses  were 
made  as  a  oonseqnence.  The  bulk  of  opinion 
seems  to  be  in  favor  of  the  meohanical  theory 
of  the  origin  of  slaty  cleavage.  It  is  neverthe- 
less true  that  the  same  result  has  In  experi- 
meotB  been  obtained  by  the  influenoe  of   mag- 


AsTKuNoMK  Ai,  FtiuTt-KiKAi-n V. — With  refer- 
ence to  the  artiole  on  this  subject  by  C.  B. 
Hill,  published  in  the  Mini.no  and  Scikntifio 
Press  of  Nov.  30th  and  Deo.   7,  ISSa,  "  F.  R. 

A.  S  ,"  who  ia  an  aothority  on  astronomy, 
writes  as  follows  to  the  Unglith  Mechanic:  **  I 
have  just  been  reading  a  leotare  by  Mr.  Chaa. 

B.  Hill,  late  of  the  Lick  Ob^ervitory,  which 
was  delivered  before  the  Oosmoa  club  of  San 
Jose,  California,  in  September.  It  is  entitled 
'Astronomical  Photography — Its  Uses  in  Ob* 
servatory  Work,' and  contatossach  a  really  ad- 
mirable precis  of  what  had  been  effected  up  to 
the  date  of  its  delivery,  that  I  should  like  to  see 


c  J  c  J 

DIAQBAM    OF    SLATE-BED. 


netio  currents,  so  that  we  may  readily  con- 
clude that  the  total  result  was  facilitated  by 
previous  long-continued  action  of  ohemioal  and 
magnetic  foroes. 

The  accompanying  sketch  shows  the  three 
strnotures — bb  the  planes  of  bedding,  jj  the 
joints,  and  cc  the  cleavage. 

Those  Californian  slate  rocks  met  with  in 
connection  with  what  is  called  the  "  mother 
lode"  and  at  different  points  where  they  are  be- 
ing quarried  for  roofing  slates,  slabs,  etc.,  are 
by  analysis  about  the  same  as  the  best  north  of 
Wales  slatss,  containing  the  proportion  of 
silica  which  aeems  necessary  for  the  perfection 
of  cleavage  and  toughness.  Koofing-slate 
rooks  are  not  confined  to  one  geological  period, 
thongh  in  Great  Britain  they  only  ocour  In  the 
older  formations,  the  Devonian,  Silurian  and 
Cambrian.  Great  mistakes  have  been  made 
by  some  would-be  ootliers,  who  have  taken  the 
shale-beds  (having  a  laminated  structure)  like 
those    met    with   in    carbonifojons  rooks  and 


it  reproduced  in  this  country.  I  certainly 
know  of  no  single  work  from  which  so  good  an 
idea  of  the  recent  triumphs  of  celestial  photog- 
raphy is  obtainable." 

Lower  California  Silver. — H.  J,  Patter- 
son, an  old  prospector,  has  returned  from  San 
Felipe  bay,  125  miles  sonth  of  Yuma,  on  the 
Gulf  of  California.  He  brings  silver  ore  from 
an  IS  inch  vein,  which  is  found  to  be  rich.  He 
and  two  others  lived  13  days  on  oysters  after 
the  supplies  gcive  out,  and  while  waiting  for  a 
schooner  ordered  to  come  from  Guaymas,  Pat- 
terson walked  124  miles  to  Alamo,  killing  quails 
and  jaokrabbits  for  food,  and  sent  back  sup- 
plies. 

Says  the  Lompoc  Record :  There  are  now  at 
work  in  the  beach  mines  five  oompanies,  all  do- 
ing well.  There  is  nothing  fabulous  in  these 
mines,  but  it  ia  demonstrated  that  it  pays  to 
work  them.  With  eaoh  recurring,  tide  the 
mines  are  surcharged  with  gold,  so  that  prac- 


HALP-PALN    OF    REVERBERATING    FURNACE    FOR    ORBS. 


difficulty  to  determine  correctly  the  lines  of 
original  sedimentary  deposition.  In  all  slate 
rocks,  no  matter  of  what  geological  age,  there 
will  be  observed  numerous  lines  of  fraoture 
cutting  through  the  slate  rocks  at  anglea  differ- 
ing more  or  less  from  the  planes  of  bedding. 
These  joints  owe  their  origin  to  purely  mechan- 
ical agency,  as  in  the  case  of  those  accompany- 
ing the  dislocation,  elevation  or  depreaaion  of 
the  land,  by  which  a  portion  of  the  planes  of 
bedding  are  fraotnred  and  displaced,  termed  by 
miners  *'  a  throw." 

Referring  the  direotlon  of  joints  in  strati- 
fied rooka  to  lines  of  upheaval.  Professor  Sedg- 
wick calls  those  which  run  parallel  to  the 
strike  "strike  joints,"  thoae  parallel  to  the 
dip  '*  dip  joints,"  and  all  others  he  calls  "diag- 
onal joints." 

Cleavage  is  that  peonliar  structure  in  slate 
rooks  which  renders  them  capable  of  being' 
split  indefinitely  into  thin  plates,  or  lamina, 
and  this  in  a  direction  independent  of  their 
bedding    or    stratification.      These     lines    of 


sometimea  forming  the  roofs  of  some  of  the 
seams  of  lignite  for  slate  rocks. 
.  The  time  ia  coming  when  the  great  value  of 
our  Californian  slates  for  roofing,  and  also  the 
manufacture  of  slabs  into  various  architectural 
and  domestic  uses,  will  be  better  understood  and 
will  no  doubt  supersede  the  wooden  and  metal 
fittinga  now  in  nse. 

The  slabs  made  into  troughs,  cisterns,  and 
for  sanitary  purposes  from  their  cleanliness, 
ought  to  Bupersede  all  other  materials. 

In  IS80  the  profit  derived  from  the  whole 
production  of  slates  of  North  Wales,  G,  B., 
was  taken  aa  a  million  sterling.  In  this  coun- 
try the  production  yearly  of  roofing  slate  ia 
valued  at  about  $2,000,000. 


Wilfred  T.  Neweeery,  of  Plaoerville,  and 
connected  with  mining  affairs  in  thia  State, 
died  of  alcoholism  at  the  Baldwin  hotel  this 
week. 

The  average  wealth  of  each  man,  woman  and 
ohild  of  Colnsa  county  is  $1500. 


tically  the  mines  are  inexhaustible.  For 
months  the  same  ground  has  been  mined  over, 
week  after  week. 


New  Lithograph  ViewofGrass  Valley. — 
We  have  received  from  Mr.  H,  S.  Spaulding  of 
the  Graaa  Valley  Tidings,  a  large  and  beanti- 
fully  executed  lithographic  view  of  Graaa  Val- 
ley, Nevada  oonnty.  The  work  appears  to  be 
a  full  and  faithful  representation  of  the  town  aa 
it  is  at  the  present  time.  The  streeta,  churches, 
and  many  of  the  principal  dwellings,  are  dis- 
tinctly shown  in  a  bird's-eye  view.  All  old 
residents  of  that  beautiful  mountain  town 
should  aecnre  a  copy.  The  map  will  be  sent 
by  mail,  in  a  substantial  paper  cylinder,  for  50 
centsfor  one  copy,  or  three  copies  for  $1.  Ad- 
dress the  Tidings,  Grass  Valley,  Cal. 


The  Tombstone  Prospector  saya  the  mines 
must  be  pumped  out  and  work  started  with 
outside  capital  or  the  whole  oonntry  will  go  to 
the  dogs, 


The  Silk  ludustry  in  California. 

Since  the  work  of  the  S;ate  Board  of  Silk 
Culture  has  lapsed  temporarily  at  least  by  fail- 
ure to  receive  funds  from  the  State,  it  ie  grat- 
ifying to  note  that  experimental  work  has  pro- 
ceeded with  the  small  appropriation  of  money 
by  the  U.  S.  Government  under  the  painstak- 
ing and  economical  administration  of  the  Lidiea 
Silk  Culture  Society  of  C&lifornia.  There  hat 
been  iesued  recently  an  interesting  report  in 
pamphlet  form  of  the  transactions  of  this  or- 
ganization for  the  fiscal  year  ending  June  30, 
18S9.  It  comprises  the  report  of  the  President, 
Mr.  W.  B.  Ewer,  the  secretary,  Mrs.  L.  E. 
Pratt,  the  Experimental  Committee  of  whioh 
Mr.  J.  J.  Rivers  is  chairman,  and  appended 
thereto  is  the  financial  statement  as  approved 
by  R.  J.  Trumbull  and  Edward  Bocqui,  Audit- 
ing Committee.  A  copy  of  this  report,  which 
can  be  had  by  applioation  at  this  oltioe,  should 
be  secured  by  every  one  in  any  way  inter- 
eated  in  this  industry. 

The  report  by  Preatdent  Ewer  shows  that 
the  15-acreSilk  Eicperiment  Station  is  progress- 
ing as  well  as  the  limited  means  at  hand 
improvement  will  admit.  The  mulberry  plan 
tations  are  growing  well  and  will  soon  supply 
an  abundance  of  foliage  of  good  varieties,  whioh 
is,  of  course,  at  the  basis  of  all  feeding  trials. 
It  is  to  be  hoped  that  by  the  time  this  requisite 
ia  arrived  at  the  funds  may  be  available  for 
equipping  the  station  buildings  and  other 
needed  improvements.  The  president's  report 
also  alludes  fittingly  to  the  field  for  silk-oulture 
and  the  various  aspects  of  the  industry  as  af- 
fecting the  prosperity  of  the  people.  Silk-onlt- 
ure  is  advocated  as  a  cottage  or  family  industry 
and  not  as  a  corporate  or  oapitalistio  undertak- 
ing. Filatures  may  be  profitably  oondncted  by 
capitalists,  but  the  cocoons  will  be  produced 
by  family  labor  in  the  modest  homes  of  the 
country.  That  ia  the  way  it  is  done  In  Sorope 
and  seems  the  most  feasible  and  practical  basts 
for  its  extension  in  this  country. 

The  report  shows  that  the  Ladies'  Silk  So- 
ciety did  a  very  timely  and  important  work  in 
purchasing  cocoons  last  summer  when  the  State 
Board  was  obliged  to  suspend  Its  operations. 
The  financial  report  shows  that  there  were  pur- 
chased up  to  June  29th  cocoons  from  between 
30  and  40  producers,  mostly  ladies,  resident  in 
different  parts  of  the  State. 

Mr.  Rivers,  aa  chairman  of  the  Experiment 
Committee,  makea  an  interesting  report  con- 
cerning a  part  of  the  work  at  the  Piedmont 
Station,  relating  eapecially  to  the  feeding  of 
worms,  the  production  of  eggs,  the  killing  of 
the  chrysalis,  etc. 

It  will  be  gratifying  to  the  friends  of  silk- 
oulture  to  know  that  the  work  has  been  con- 
tinued so  intelligently  in  this  State  in  spite  of 
the  many  obstacles  which  have  been  encoun- 
tered. 

.Reverberatory  Furnace. 

The  accompanying  cut  shows  a  half-plan  of  a 
reverberatory  furnace  such  aa  ia  used  for  ores. 
These  furnaces  are  used  for  roasting  ores  in 
chlorination  works,  and  are  preferred  by  many 
to  the  different  forms  of  meohanical  furnaota 
where  no  hand-stirring  ia  required.  The  re- 
verberatory ia  very  effective  in  ita  operation. 

The  State  University. — The  titlea  of  the 
instructors,  which  were  changed  when  the 
faculty  was  classified  on  "  a  commercial  basis,* 
have  been  reatored,  eo  that  there  are  now  more 
"profeasors"  than  there  were  a  month  ago. 
Among  othera,  there  is  now  a  professor  of  min- 
ing and  a  professor  of  mineralogy  and 
geology.       

Secretary  Noble  has  decided  that  a  married 
woman  oan  make  timber-lind  entries  or  pur- 
chase snob  lands  in  the  Statea  of  California, 
Oregon,  Nevada  and  Washington,  provided  that 
it  is  conclusively  shown  that  the  entry  ie  made 
for  her  own  uae  and  benefit,  and  not  for  the 
benefit  of  herself  and  husband  jointly. 

The  winter  in  the  Eist  has  been  ao  mild  that 
the  Pennsylvania  collieries  are  shutting  down 
and  discharging  their  miners.  Over  one-third 
of  the  collieries  have  already  shob  down.  These 
employ  about  3000  men.  The  officials  say  that 
of  20,000  coal  cars  in  service,  11,000,  all  loaded, 
are  now  lying  along  the  road. 


DoRiKO  1889  the  immigration  into  British 
Columbia,  by  the  Canadian  Pacific  system,  was 
500  lesa  than  the  number  that  departed. 


66 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Jan.  25,  1890 


PARKE    &    LACY  COMPANY 


-IMPORTERS  AND  MANUFACTURBRS  OF- 


MINING,    MILL    and    GENERAL     MACHINERY. 


ENGINES,  BOILERS,  STEAM  PUMPS, 

AIE  OOMPEBSSORS,  ROOK  DRILLS, 
WALL'S  CRUSHrNG  ROLLS, 

CONCENTRATORS,  PULVERIZERS, 
TURBINE  WATER  WHEELS. 

ROCK  BREAKERS,  DRY  JIGS. 

Bullock's  Diamond  Drills 


GOLDEN  GATE  CONCENTRATORS, 

GREATEST  CAPACITY  OF  ANY  CONCENTRATOR  MADE, 
One  Machine  Taking  Pulp  from  10  Stamps. 


SAW    MILLS,    MACHINE    TOOLS, 
PLANING  MILLS,  INJECTORS  and  EJECTORS 
BELTING,  PACKING,  OILS,  LUBRICATORS, 
FIRE    EXTINGUISHERS, 
CENTRIFUGAL  PUMPS, 
ROTARY  PUMPS,  GANG  EDGBRS, 
CAMPBELL'S    STEAM    FEEDS, 
MILL    and    MINE    SUPPLIES. 


csrJE:Tir'JEH*..AJii    ..^SLCrXiiNru^s    x<ox«. 


WESTINGHOUSE    AUTOMATIC     ENGINES. 


SALES  DURING  LAST  FOUR  MONTHS  ; 

nOTVAPOTTMr*  44  ENGiNKS,  STANTt  AT?r>  99  engines,  TTTMTOT?  ig6  engines. 

\jKJi3/llr\JlJl\U,     S215  HOKSE  POWER.  O  ±Ji.±^  UJ^l^iU,    4500  HOKSE  POWER.  O  \J  Vi  l.\J£it,    4260   HORSE  POWER. 

Cnct*,xxcL   T'ota.l,    309    Xlxislsxesi.' .A-SS^^S^^'tl'^S    X3<97S  XZox-ise    Fo'otT'exr. 


21  and  23  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


189  Clarence  St.,  Sydney,  N.  S.  W. 


-BUlIiDBRS  OF- 


MINING    MACHINERY, 

GENEKAL  OFFICE  AND  WORKS : 

127  First  St.,  Saii  Francisco,  Cal.,  U.  S.  A. 

New  Tort  Office,  145  Broadway. 

PLANTS  FOR  GOLD  AND  SILVER  MILLS, 

embiaciog  machinary  ol  LATEST  DESIGN  and 
MOST  IMPROVED  conatructioo.  We  offer  our 
oustomers  the  BEST  RESULTS  OF  38  YEARS' 
EXPERIENCE  in  this  SPECIAL  LINE  ol 
work,  and  arc  PREPARED  to  furnish  tiie  MOST 
APPROVED  character  ot  MINING  AND  RE- 
DUCTION MACHINERY,  adapted  to  all  jfradee  of 
ores  and  SUPERIOR  to  that  of  any  other  make,  at 
the  LOVTEST  POSSIBLE  PRICES. 

We  are  also- prepared  to  CONSTRUCT  and  DE- 
LIVER in  COMPLETE  RUNNING  ORDER, 
In  any  locality,  MILLS,  CONCENTRATION 
WORKS,  WATER  JACKET  SMELTING 
FURNACES.  HOISTING  WORKS,  PUMP- 
ING MACHINERY,  ETC.,  ETC.,  ol  any  DE- 
SIRED CAPACITY. 


THE    GATES   CRUSHER 

Is  beyond  all  question  the  most  important  improvement 
that  has  ever  been  made  in  this  class  of  mining;  ma- 
chinery. It  will  do  more  than  twice  the  work  with  a 
given  amount  of  wear  than  any  other  Crusher  made, 
besides  crushing  so  much  finer  that  for  mining  uses,  the 
capacity  of  the  mill  is  greatly  increased.  It  has  the  same 
relative  superiority  for  macadamizing  purposes,  afford- 
ing the  cheapest  and  most  reliable  machine  for  this  use. 


SEND    FOR    CIKCULAB. 


PACIFIC    IRON-  WORKS 


NO.    127    FJH&T    STREET, 


SAN    FRANCISCO,    GAL. 


NOTICE  TO  GOLD  MINERS! 


JUSTINIAN  CAIRE.  Agent, 

521  &  523  Market  St.,  San  Francisco, 

— DBALBR    IN— 

Assayers'  and  Mining  Material. 


GBAVBL,  OR  PLACER  MINES.  MADE  OP  BEST  SOFT  LAKF      DPBRIOB  COPPER 


— MAHUPACTUaKa    OP — 


Our  plates  are  guaranteed,  and  by  actual  experience  are  proved,  the   besj  In  weight   of  Sil-  BATTERY   SCREENS   AND   WIKE   CLOTH 

ver  and  dnrabllity.     Old  Mining  Platea  Replated,  Bought,  or  Gold  Separated.    THOUSANDS  

OF    ORDERS    FILLED.  Trnou-TTtro. 

SAN    FRANCISCO    NOVELTY,  GOLD,  SILVER    AND    NICKEL    PLATING  WORKS,  ^6°*  *<»■  JOSKINS 

108  and  112  First  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.  HTDRO-CAEBON    ASSAY   FUBNACES 

SS-  SEND  FOR  CIRCDLAKS. 


IMPORTANT  TO  GOLD  MINERS! 

SILVER-PLATED  AMALGAM  PLATES  for  SAVING  GOLD 

IN    QUARTZ,    GRAVEL    AND    PLACER    MINING. 
PRICES  GREATLY  REDUCED. 

Only.  Refined  Silver  and  Best  Copper  used.    Over  3000  Orders  filled.    Fifteen  Medals  Awarded,    Old  Mining  Plates  can   be 

Replated,    Old  Plates  BongM,  or  Gold  Separated, 

These  Platea  can  also  be  purchased  of  JOHN  TAVLOR  &  CO..  Corner  First  and  Mission  Sts. 

San  Francisco  Gold,  Silver  and  Nickel  Plating  Works,  653  &  655  Mission  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  E.  G.  Denniston,  Prop'r. 

Our  Plates  have  been  used  for  20  years.    They  have  proved  the  best.   We  adhere  strictly  to  contract  In  weight  of  Silver  and 
Copper,     SEND  FJB  OISOULAR. 


Jam.  25,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


67 


AMALGAMATING  MACHINERY. 

stamp  Mills  (or  Wet  or  Dry  Crushing. 
Huntington  Centrifugal  Quartz  Mill.  Drying 
Cylinders.  Amalgamating  Pans,  Selllers, 
Agitators  and  Cor;contrators.  Retorts.  Bul- 
lion and  Ingot  Moulds.  Conveyors,  Elevators, 
Brucknors  and  Howell's  Improved  White's 
Roasting  Furnaces,  Etc. 


FRASER  &  CHALMERS, 

MINING  MACHINERY 


CONCENTRATING  MACHINERY. 


iMPMiD  CORLISS  v.\'v°.'sV^Im  ENGINES.     «     BOILERS 


Blake.  Dodge  and  Comet  Crushers,  Cornish 
Crushing  and  Finishing  Rolls.  Hartz  Plunger 
and  Collom  Jigs.  Frue  Vanncr  &  Embrey 
Concentrators.  Evans',  Calumet,  Collom's 
and  Rittcnger's  Slime  Tables.  Trommels. 
Wire  Cloth  and  Punched  Plates..  Ore  Sam- 
ple  Grinders  and  Heberle  Mills. 


HORIZONTAL.    VERTICAL 
.  .  .  AND  SECTIONAL.  .  .  . 


'IJVCPXtOTrSO     STEJL»DE     ^WM^lMK^m 


Hoisting  Engines, 
Safety  Cages, 

Safety  Hooks, 

Ore  CARS,  Water  &  Ore 
BUCKETS, 

Air  Compressors, 

Rock  Drills,  Etc. 

GENERAL  MILL  AND 
MINING  SUPPLIES,  ETC. 
Sectional  Machinery 

FOR 

VULE-BACK 

TRANSPORTATION. 


Pumping  Engines 

and  Cornish 

Pumping  Machinery, 

IMPROVED 
WATER    JACKET 

Blast  Furnaces  for 
Galena  &  Copper  Ores, 

SLAG  CARS  AND  POTS, 

Roots  &  Baker 
Pressure  Blowers, 

SUSPENDED 

TRAMWAYS. 


General  Offices  and  Works:     FULTON  AND  UNION  STS.,  CHICAGO,   ILL. 


BRAMCH  OFFICES:  ''%V.%''J^onTsoJ^ 

Galle  de  Juarez.        LIMA,  PERU,  South  America. 
SOLW    -WESTEaN    AGENTS    POS 


,  No.  2  Wall  St.  DENVER,  COLO.,  1316  Eighteenth  St.  SALT  LAKE  CITY,  UTAH, 
St.  LONDON,  ENC,  23  Bucklersbury,  E.  C.  CHIHUAHUA  CITY,  MEXICO,  No.  II 
JOHANNESBURG,  TRANSVAAL,  South  Africa. 

TYLER    WIBB    'WORKa    DOUBLE    ORIUPBD    MINING    CLOTHS. 


THE     FELTOIT     WATER     T77HEEL 

GIVES    THE    HIGHEST    EFFICIENCY    OF    ANY    WHEEL    IN     THE    WORLD. 


#>^^^ 


% 


OVER  800  ALREADY  IN  USE. 

Affords  the  Most  Simple  and  Reliable  Power  for  all 

Mining   and   Manufacturing   Machinery. 

Adapted  to  heads  running  from  20  up  to  2,000  feet. 

From  12  to  20  per  cent  better  results  guaranteed  than 

oan  be  produced  from  any  other  Wheel  in  the  Country 

ELECTRIC  TRANSMISSION. 

Power  rom  these  Wheels  can  be  transmitted  long 
distances  with  small  loss,  and  is  now  extensively  used  in 
all  parts  of  the  country  for  generating  both  power  and 
light. 

APPLICATIONS 

Should  state  amount,  and  head  of  water,^  power  required, 
and  for  what  purpose  ;  with  approximate  length  of  nipe  ; 
also*  whether  the  applioation  Ir  with  reference  to  Wheels 
or  Motors  described  below.     SEND  FOR  CIRCULARS. 

The  Pelton  Water  Wheel  Co. 

121  MAIN  ST„  SAN  FKANCISCO,  CAX. 

Varying  from  the  fraction  of  1  up  to  15  and  20-horse  power,     Unequalpd   for   all   light-running  machinery.     Warranted  to  develop  a  given 
amount  of  power  with  one-half  the  water  required  by  any  other.     B^  SEND  FOR  MOTOR  CIRCULAR.     ADDRESS  AS  ABOVE.  "^ 


O  no-      "XTSTAJF  -HI 


JAMBS    LBFFBL'S 

Mining  Turbine  Water  Wlieel. 

These  Wheels  are  designed  for  all  purposes  where  limited  quantities  of  water  and 
high  heads  are  utilized,  and  are  guaranteed  to  give  more  power  with  less  water  than 
any  other  wheel  made.  Beintf  placed  on  horizontal  shaft,  the  power  is  transmitted 
direct  to  shafting  by  helts,  dispensing  with  gearing. 

Estimates  furnished  on  application  for  wheels  specially  built  and  adapted  in 
capacity  to  suit  any  particular  case. 

Further  information  can  be  obtained  of  this  form  of  construction,  as  well  as  the 
ordinary  Vertical  Turbines  for  Wooden  Penstocks  and  in  Iron  Globe  Cases,  free  of  cost, 
by  applying  to  the  manufacturers. 


JAMES    LEFPEL    &    OO., 


Spring^eld,  Ohio, 


or  110  liberty  St„  New  York, 


FBASER    St   CHALMERS,  Qeneral  Agents, 

Obicago,  111,,  and  Denver,  Col, 

PARKE    Si   lacy,  General  Agents,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


CALIFORNIA   IRON  YARD. 

HENRY  J.  ROGERS  &  CO. 

Successors  to  CHAS.  CALLAHAN 
IMPORTBRS  AI4D  DEALBR8  IN 

CAST  and  WROUGHT  IRON  SCRAP 

SECOND-HAND     BOII-ERS 

AND  OI-D  MACHINEBT 

Of  every  description. 

Tie  Higlest  Price  paiifor  ill  HMs  ol  Metals. 

Officb  AMD  Yard:    128  and  130  Folsom  St.,  S.  F 

Telephone  No.  67. 


FOR  SALE 

Hydraulic  Mining  Property  in  Souihem  Oregon.   Good, 
Extensive.    For  particulars  (Principals  only)  address, 

"A,  M.,"  Box  77, 

Q-rants  Pass,  Oregon, 


THOMAS  PRICE  &  SON, 

Assay  OflQce,  Chemical  Laboratory, 

BULLION  ROOMS  and  ORE  FLOORS, 

524  Sacramento  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

COIN  RETURNS  ON  ALL  BULLION  DEPOSITS  IN  24  HOURS. 

WORKING    TESTS    OF    ORES    BY    ALL    PROCESSES. 

SPECIAL  ATTENTION  PAID  TO  CONCENTRATION  OF  ORES. 
Ores  Received  on  Oonsigament.  Sampled,  Assayed,  and  Disposed 
of  in  the  Open  Market  to  the  Highest  Bidder. 


fAetalllirgy  apd  Ore3. 


SELBY 

SMELTING  and  LEAD  CO.. 

416  Montgomery  St.,  San  Francisco. 

GOLD    AND    SILVER    REFINERY 
And  Assay  Office. 

Highest  Prices  Paid  for  Oold,  Silver  and 
Lead  Ores  and  Solphnrets. 

MAHUFACTITRIBfl  OP 

BLUESTONE, 

LEAD  PIPE, 

SHEET  LEAD, 

SHOT,  Etc.,  Etc. 

ALSO  HANUyAOTORRRJI    OV 

Standard    Shot-Gun    Cartridges, 

Under  Chamheriin  Patent. 


JOHN  TAYLOR  &  CO.. 

IHPORTBRS   AND   DBAL8RS   IN 

ASSAYERS'    MATERIALS,    MINE 
AND  MILL  SUPPLIES, 

ALSO  CHEMICALS.    AND    PHYSICAL,  SCHOOL    AND 

CHEMICAL  APPARATUS. 
68  &  65  First  St.,  cor.  Mission,  Sac  Franolsco. 
Ay-— ^     Wa  would  call  the  attention  of 


Assayera,  Clicmiata,  Mining  Com-  C^^^C^£^? 
panics,  Milling  Compauiea,  Pros-  ^K^TERSf^ 
pectora,  etc.,  to  our  full  stock  of      t^  — -i:? 
Balances,   Fumaces,    Muffles,  Crucibles,    Soori- 
flere,    etc,    including,    also,  a    full     stock     of 
Cbeinicals. 

Having  been  engaged  in  lurnlehing  these  sup- 
plies sinot  the  first  discovery  of  mines  on  the 
Pacific  Coast,  we  feel  confident  from  our  experi- 
ence we  can  well  suit  the  demand  for  these 
goods,  both  as  to  quality  and  price. 
Agents  (or  the  Morgran  Crucible  Co., 
^^^^  Battereea,  England,  Also  for  E.  G.  Dennis- 
ton's  Silver  Plated  Amalgam  Plates.  Tfao  plates 
of  this  well-known  manufacturer  are  thoroughly  relia- 
ble, and  full  weight  of  Silver  guaranteed.  Ordeis  taken 
at  bis  lowest  prices.  Our  Illustrated  Catalogue  and  As- 
say Tables  sent  free  on  application. 

JOHN  TAYLOR  ft  OO. 


Nevada  Metallurgical  Works, 

NO.  28  STEVENSON  STEBET, 

Near  First  and  Market  Streets,  S.  F. 

C.  A.  LnoEHARDT,  Manager.  EIstablibhu)  18M 

Ores  worked  by  any  Prooeas. 
Ores  Sampled, 

ABBaying  in  all  its  Branches. 
Analyses  of  Ores,  Minerals,  Watera,  eto, 
Working  Testa  (practical)  Made, 
Plana   and   Specifications   furniahed   for   tbe 
most  suitable  Process  for  Working  Ores. 

Special  attention  paid   to  Examinationfi  of 
Mines;  Plans  and  Reports  famished. 

O.   A.  LUCBIHARDT  &  OO^ 
(Formerly  Huhn  &  Luokhardt, 
MlxUtuc  Engineers  and  Metallursrlsts 


3.  EUBTHL. 


* 


METALLURGICAL     WORKS. 

818  Pine  St.  (Basement,, 


Corner  ol  Leldesdorfl  Street, 


SAN  FRANCISCO 


Ores  Sampled  and  Assayed,  and  Tests  made  by  my 


Assaying  and  Analysis  of  Ores,  Minerals  and  Waters. 
Mines  Examined  and  Reported  on. 
Practical  Instruction  given  in  Treating  Ores  by  im- 
proved processes. 

Q.  KUSTBL  &  CO.,     ■ 
Uinlng  Engineers  and  Metallurgists. 


GREAT     REDUCTION! 

BATTERY~~SOREENS. 

Best  and  Cheapest  in  America. 

No  imitation,  no  deception,  no  planished  or  rotten 
Iron  used.  Only  genuine  Russia  iron  in  Quartz  Screens. 
Planished  iron  screens  at  nearly  half  my  former  rates. 

I  ha\e  a  large  supply  of  Battery  Screens  on  hand 
suitable  for  tbe  Huntington  and  all  Stamp  Mills,  which  I 
will  soil  at  20  per  cent  discount. 


PERFORATED  SHEET  METAL 

For  Flour  and  Rice  Mills,  Grain  Separators,  Revolving 
and  Shot  Screens,  Stamp  Batteries  and  all  kinds  ol  Min 
Ingand  Milling  Machinerj',  Iron,  Steel,  Copper,  Brass. 
Zinc  and  other  metala  punched  for  all  uses. 

Inventor  and  Manufacturer  of  the  celebrated  Slot  Cut 
or  burred  and  Slot  Punched  Screens. 

Mining  Screens  a  specialty,  from  No.  1  to  16  (fine). 
Orders  promptly  attended  to. 

San  Francisco  Pioneer  Screen  Works, 

31  &  SS3  First  St.,  San  Francisco^  Cal. 

JOHN  W.  QUICK,  FFoprletor. 


This  paper  Is  printed  with  Ink  Manufac- 
tured by  Charles  Eneu  Johnson  &:  Co.,  600 
South  lOth  St..  FhUadelphia.  Branch  Offl- 
oes— 47  Bose  3t,  New  York,  and  40  La  Salle 
St..  Ohloaso.  ABont  for  the  Paolflc  Ooaat— 
Jaeepb  Hi  Doraty.  690  Oommerclal  St.,  S  F 


66 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Jan.  25,  1890 


tdlicatiofiai. 


np 

ASSAYING   AND    CHEMISTRY, 

Rooms  46  &  47,  1  628  MoDtsomerv  St., 

2d  Floor  Montgomery  Bl'k.  )         San  Francisco, 
Also,  Evening  Clasaea,  7  to  10  o'clock. 

JOHN  T.  EVANS,  M.  A.,  PrincipaL 


School  of  Practical,  Civil,  Mechanical  and 
MINING  ENGINEERING, 

Surveying,  ArcMtecture,  Drawing  aM  AssaFiig 

723    MAEKBT   STREET, 

The  History  Building,  San  FRAKCiaco,  Cal. 

A.  VAN  DER  NAILLEN,  President. 

Assaying  of  Ores,S25;  Bullion  and Chlorination  Assay, 

§26;  Blowpipe  Assay,  SIO.    Full  course  of  assaying,  850. 

iS'Send  for  circular. 


THE    PIONEER    COMMEBCIAL    SCHOOI, 

o 


I.II'E  8Choi,absh:xfs,  $7S. 
No  YAOATlONB.  Day  and  Evbnino  Ssbbioms. 

Ladles  admitted  into  all  Departments. 
Address:    T.  A.  BOBINSON,  H.  A..  President. 


HEALDS 


bUSINBSS     OOLLEGB, 


Fo 
< 


24  POST  ST., 
SEVENTT-PIVE 


S.  P. 
DOI^I^ABS 


i^OB      SEVENTY-FIVS      DOI^I^ABS    THIS 

College  instructs  in  Shorthand,  Type  Writing,  Boob* 
fceepfng.  Telegraphy,  Penmanship,  Drawing,  all  the  En. 
glish  branches,  and  everything  pertaining  to  business, 
for  six  full  months.  We  have  sixteen  teachers,  and  give 
iDdlviduai  instruction  to  all  our  pupils.  Our  school  has 
its  graduates  in  every  part  of  the  State. 

jarSsND  FOB  C1B0U1.AB. 

E.  P.  HEALD,  FieBldenl. 
O.  8.  HALICV.  8oer«Urv. 


PEACTIOAL 


Books  on  Mining" 

AND  IRRIGATION. 


PRA.CTICA.t  GOI.D-MINING.  — A  comprehen- 
sive treatise  on  the  origin  and  occurrence  of  gold-bear- 
ing gravels,  rocks,  and  ores,  and  the  methods  by  which 
the  gold  is  extracted.  By  C.  G.  Warnford  Lock.  7S8 
pages,  with  8  plates  and  271  engravings  in  the  text. 
4to,  cloth,  §15,00,  express  prepaid. 

IRRIGATION". —Fgyptian  Irrigation.  By  W.  Will- 
cocks,  with  introduction  by  Lt.  Col.  J.  C.  Rosa.  This 
work  embodies  the  information,  collected  during  four 
and  a  half  J  ears,  of  the  irrigation  systems  of  Egypt. 
Engineering  questions,  such  as  ailt-deposits,  drainage, 
irrigation,  the  Barrages,  flood  protection,  methods  of 
regulation,  locks,  etc.,  have  been  treated  in  detail.  367 
pages,  large  Svo,  with  26  plates  and  numerous  engrav- 
ings in  the  text.     Price  §15.00,  express  prepaid. 

MEXICAN  MINES.— Dahlgreu's  Historic  Minos  of 
Mexico,  only  a  few  copies  left;  price  $25  00.  Handbook 
to  the  Historic  Mines  of  Mexico,  price  §1.00. 


Descriptive  Catalogue  and  Circulars  of  Books  relating 
to  Assajing,  Mining,  Electacity  and  Mechanical  Engineer 
ng,  sent  free  on  application. 

E.  &  F.  N.  SPON,  Publishers, 

12  Gortlandt  St.,  New  Xork. 


FRANCIS  SMITH  &  OO. 

Manufacturers  of 

Sheet  Iron  and  Steel  Pipe 

ALL    SIZES. 

ISO.Beale  Street,         San  Francisco,  Gal. 


Iron  cut,  punched  and  formed,  for  making  pipe  on 
ground  All  kinds  of  Tools  supplied  for  making  Pipe. 
Estimates  given.  Are  prepared  for  coating  all  sizes  of 
Pipe  with  a  composition  oi  Coal  Tar  and  Asphaltum. 


J.  C.  WILSON. 


C.  A.  O'BRIEN. 


J.  MACDONOUQH  &  CO. 

IMPORTBRS   AND  DBAI.BRS  IN 

COAL  AND^IG  IRON. 

Principal  Office: 

41    MARKET  STREET,  COBNBE  SPEAB. 
Yards: 


S.  W-  Cor.  Spear  & 
li'olscrQ, 

[Telephone  No.  186i.] 


S.W.  Cor.  Main  & 
Folsom, 

SAN  FRANCISCO. 


y        "'"^  -^^^^S^gOSGS^.^^Sa 


&j^^s7':bi    iLi:onxr:E3 


BY    USING  ■ 


timw^\  l^otice^. 


Gray  Eagle   Mining  Company.    Location 

of  principal  place  of  bu8inesB,San  Francisco,  California. 

Location  of  Woiks,  Placer  Co.,  Cal. 

NOTICE  is  herebv  given  that,  at  a  meeting  of  the 
Board  of  Directors,  held  on  the  21at  day  of  January^  1890, 
an  Assessment,  No.  16,of  Four(4)Cents  per  share  was  levied 
upon  th 9  Capital  Stock  of  (he  Corporation,  payable  im- 
mediatelv  in  United  States  Gold  Coin,  to  the  Secretary, 
at  the  office  of  the  Company,  Room  11,  No.  303  Calilprnia 
Street,  San  Francisco,  California. 

Any  stock  upon  which  this  assessment  shall  remain 
unpaid  on  the  Tiventy-flfth  (25th)  day  of  February,  1890, 
will  be  delinquent,  and  advertised  for  sale  at  public 
auction ;  and  unless  rayment  is  made  before,  will  be 
sold  on  Monday,  the  l7th  day  of  March,  1890,  to  pay  the 
delinquent  assessment,  trgether  with  the  coste  of  adver- 
tising and  expenses  of  sale. 

By  order  ol  the  Board  of  Directors. 

J.  M.BUF  KINGTON,  Secretary, 

Office,  Room  11,  No.  303  California  St.,  San  Francisco, 
California, 


TUBBS  CORDAGE  CO. 

(A  Corporation.) 

Constantly  on  hand  a  full  assortment  of  Manila  Rope 
Duplex  Rope,  Tarred  Manila  Rope;  Hay  Rope,  Whale  Line 
etc.,  etc. 

fixtraslzes and  lengths  made  to  order  on  short  notice. 

n-  -m         a      rt'H  n    -ra  j.     m  n  -n  .  «■     .        '    *"'      ■- 1' W  Urt  W  I  IIU^J    DeWOy     EDgrftVlng      COm- 

611  &  613  Front  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal  I  p»d7i  ko.  220  Muket  street,  san  Frujciaco. 


WATER  POWER  TRANSMITTED  BY  ELECTRICITY 

To  Run  your   Mills,   Hoists   and   Trams. 

For  Circular  giving  particulars  send  to 

KEITH    ELECTRIC    CO., 


—  UAHUJ'AOTTIBSBS  OF  - 


Apparatus  for  Electric  Light  and  Electric  Power, 


OFFICE,  40  NEVADA  BLOCK, 


Factory,  Stevenson  St.,  bet.  First  and  Ecker, 


SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL, 


HORACE  D.  RANLETT, 

Ores,  Mining,  and  Commission, 

420  Montgomery  St..  S.  F. 

Ships  under  advances  to  smelting  works  in  Boaton, 
New  York,  Baltimore  and  Liverpool. 

Twenty-one  years'  experience  in  Shipping  Orea  and 
Managing:  Mines. 

Solicits  Consignments  of  Copper  Produce  and  Manage- 
ment of  Min'ng  Matters. 

All  business  conducted  on  Cash  Basis. 

Purchase  and  shipment  of  Mining  Supplies  A  Specialty, 

Sales  of  Developed  Copper  Mines  undertaken. 

Business  Manager  of  UNION  COPPER  MINE,  Copper- 
opolia.  Cal. ;  NEWTON  COPPER  MINE,  Amador  Co. ,  Cal. 


Tioga  District   Mining  Company, 

Incorporated  Juoe  11,1889.    Capital  Stock,  $10,000 ,000 

BUY  AND  SELL 

California  Gold,  Silver,  Quicksilver,  Copper 
and  Lead  Mines 

OP    ASCERTAINED    VALUE. 

omoe.  No.  13  PABBOTT'S  BUILDING,  N.  W. 

Coroer  of  Califoroia  and  Montgomery  Streets, 

SAN  FEANCISCO,  CAL. 

WM.  B.  WIOHTMAN,  Prea.      WM.  H.  V.  CRONISE,  Sec. 


ESTABLISHED    1868. 


Pacific  Chemical  Works. 

HENRY    G.    HANKS, 

Practical  and  Industrial  Gbemist,  Assayer 
and  Geologist, 

718  MONTGOMERY  ST.,       -        SAN  FRANCISCO. 

iarWill  report  on  the  condition  and  value  of  any  mining  property  on 
the  Pacific  Coast.  Rare  Chemicals  made  to  order.  Instructions  given  in 
Assaying  and  Practical  Chemistry 


80LB  A3BNT  FOR 


AiaiaiDie  Sloes,  Dies  aiJ  H.  D.  MORRIS, 

LEDSHER  PLATES,      220  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco, 

MAUnf  ACTDBERS'  aM  PURCHASINS  AGENT. 


— ABD— 

Chrome   Cast    Steel  for 
Book  DrlllB,  X:tc. 


A¥»Anr.Ai«Tiitfw:. 


Special  attentlc"  given  to  purchase  of 

MINE  and  MILL  SUPPLIES. 


ADAMANTINE  SHOK8  AND  DIES,— Quar- 
ftnteed  to  prove  better  and  cheaper  than  any  others. 
Orders  solicited,  subject  to  above  conditions. 

H.  D.  MORRIS. 


H.  M.  RAYNOR, 

No.  25  Bond  St., 
NEW  YORK. 


ESTABLISHED 
1859. 


rOE  AT.T, 


Laboratory 


Manufectiiriiig  Purposes. 

Wholesale  and  Retail. 
Nativo  Platinum  and  Scrap  purchased. 


Valuable    Gold  Mine 
FOR  SALE, 

Bond,  or  will  give  patty  an  interest  who  will  erect  a  suit- 
able mill  and  (urnigb  sufficient  capital  for  working  pur- 
oses.    §10,000  already  expended  in  developments. 

Estimated  Ore  in  Sight,  $100,000. 

For  parliculars,  addresa 

T.  L.  B.,  Box  261*7,  San  Francisco, 


FOR  ENGRAVINGS  5' ""  '^^-  f""'^  '" 


CLAYTON 

AIR  COMPRESSORS 

For  Working 
Rock    Drills,   Coal   Cutters 
Hoisting   Engines    and  "Water 
Pumps  in  Mines  and  Tunnels, 
Sinking  Caissons,  Etc.,  Etc. 

SEND  FOR  CATALOGUE  No.  6, 

Clayton  Air  Compressor  Works, 
43  DEY  ST.,  NEW  YORK. 


Great  Variety  of  SHOT  GUNS,  KIFLES, 

etc.     Breech-Loadera  from  $4  to  $100. 
SEND   STAMPS    FOR    PRICE    LISTS. 

GEO.  W.  SHREVE, 

525  Kearny  Street,         San  FranclBCO,  Oal. 


FOR  SALE  CHEAP. 


One  new  double  circular  Sawmill  to  carry  60-lnch  bot- 
tom saw,  with  wrought-iion  hangers  fpr  top  saw.  Fric- 
tion feed-works,  patent  eteel  screw  double-throw  head- 
blocka,  with  track  iron,  saw  carriage  and  frame  complete, 

RISDON  IRON  &  LOCOMOTIVE  WORKS. 

San  Francisco,  Oal. 


BUTTE,    MONTANA, 

The  railroad,  mining  and  commercial  center  of  the  new 
State,  offers  some  of  the  best  inducements  for  inveet- 
ments  in 

Real  Estate,  Mines  &  Mining  Stock 

of  any  locality  in  the  Nortnwest.  For  particulars  address 
The  Evans -Terry-Gl an ssen  Brokerage  oc, 
41  E.  Broadway,  Butte,  Montana, 


Smelter  For  Sale  or  Exchange. 

One  60-ton,  wrought  iron,  water-jacket  Smelting  Fur- 
nace (36"x60"  at  the  tuyeres)  of  the  latSat  design,  wih 
Cniaher,  Blower,  Boiler,  Pumps,  Engines,  Tools,  and 
everything  complete  for  immediate  delivery,  and  only 
used  about  six  months.  Cheap  for  cash,  or  will  exchange 
for  interest  in  a  Lead-Silver  Mine,  or  erect  in  any  mining 
camp  that  will  guarantee  a  certain  output.  For  further 
particulars  address  Box  2S,.Elkhoro,  Uontana, 


THE  RUSSELL  PROCESS  COMP'Y. 

TALCOTT  H.  RUSSELL,  Secretary, 
NEW  HAVEN  CONN. 

p.  O.  Box  498. 


INVENTORS,     TAKE      NOTICE  I 

L.  petersonTmodel  maker, 

25S  Market  St.,  N.  E.  cor.  Front  (up  atalra),  San    Francaico 
Experimental  machinery  and  all  kinds  of  models    Tin 
and  bn^BWork.    All  communications  strictly  confiden- 
tial 


QUICKSILVER 

For  Sale  in  Lots  to  Suit  by 

PARROTT    Ss    CO.. 
nOfl  Onllfomla  St..  San  FrannlHOo.  fTal. 


One  Ohmen's    12x12  AutomaTlc   Engine; 
best  style  in  use.  Also,  1  Boiler  48  in.x  16  ft.  Both  nearly 
new.    Apply  to     J.  W.  QOICK,  ySl  First  Bt., 
(Top  Floor)  San  Francisco,  Oal. 


SITUATION  WANTED.— Thoroughly  competent  Mill- 
manand  A9«ayer  of  M  j'ears'  experience,  desires  a 
situation  in  Mill  or  to  take  charge  of  Mill  and  Mine. 
Underatanda  concentrators  of  all  rlass  ores.  Best  ref- 
erence.    Address,   "J.  A.,"  Box  2517,  San  Francisco,  CaJ, 


Jan.  25,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


67 


CALIFORNIA    WIRE    WORKS 

hallidie's 
Patent  VV'RE  Ropeway, 


MANUFACTL'BERS  OF— 

Steel  Wire  Rope, 

OF  ALL  K1ND.S  FOR 

CABLE  RAILWAYS, 

ROPEWAYS  and  TRAMWAYS. 

Mining,  Shipping  &  General  Purposes. 


ESIABLISHED  1852. 


INCORPORATED  1882, 


WIRE, 

BARBED    WIRE. 
WIRE   NAILS, 

WIRE    OLOTH. 

Futl  AesorttneDt  Always  In  Stock. 


OFFICE: 

9  Fremont  Street,  San  Francisco. 

ScDd  for  Illustrated  Catalogue. 


For  the  Economical  and  Rapid 

Transportation    of   Ore 

and  other  material. 


200  TO  2.000  FEET. 


-^  r^i-      Ereclud  by  Ua  During  tlie  Past  Fourtoou  Yuars  in  Hi^as 

:a  /'he 
,?afe>\^-^i/-*  Simple,  Economical  and  Durable. 


TRANSPORTATION  OT    OBH  BT  BAI,1,1I>1M'S    PATENT  WIBE  ROPBWAY. 


HAVE   BEEN  THOROUGHLY  TESTED 
In  all  Parts  of  the  Country. 


RUBBER  FACTORY. 

Monarch   Belting. 


The  PlieB  of  this  Belt  are 

UNITED  by  COTTON  RIVETS 

Which  hold  them  flrmly  together. 

Each  Rivet  is  Independent 

And  Follows  the  Stretch. 

THERE  ARE   NO   STITCHES 

TO  BREAK,  and 

The    Belt    has    a   Smooth 

Surface. 


Hose,  Belting,  Packing,  Etc. 

ALL  KINDS  OF  RUBBER  GOODS  MADE  TO  ORDER  IN  A  FEW  HOURS. 

W,  F.  BOWERS  &  CO..  409  Market  St..  San  Francisco. 


NEW  YORICBEitING  ScRftCKING  Ca 


Warehouse,    15   PARK   ROW,   NEW   YORK, 

The  Oldest  and  Largest  Manufacturers  in  the  United  States  of 

VULCANIZED  RUBBER  FABRICS 

Solid  Vulcanite 

EMERY  WHEELS. 


Adapted  to  Mechanical  Purpoaea. 


Large  WTieels  made  on  Iron 
centers. 

Cuts  Cooler  and  Freer 

THAN  ANY  OTHKR  WHEEL 
IN  THE  MAJRKET. 


EXTRA    RUBBER 

BELTING  and  HOSE 

tOK 

Mining  Purposes. 

Circular  woven  Seamless  Antiseptic 
Rubber  Lined  "Cable"  Hose  and 
Test  Hose  for  the  uee  of  Steam  EnEines, 
Force  Punipa,  Rolling  Mills,  Iron  Works, 

Factories,  etc. 


UllllUlliiliillii 

Kmery  VuIcanlte^Wheel 


BRANCH: 

ARNETT  &   RIVERS, 

17  and  19  MAIK  ST..     SAN  FRANCISCO, 


Extra  Steam  Hobo. 


X880.  1888. 

CATALOGUE    OF   200    PAGES. 


The  matter  Is  readily 
available. — TradesmuTu 

A  Complete  Work. — 
Colliery  Enyirieer. 

Handy  for  reference.— 
Siin.  and  Sci.  Press. 

Should  be  in  the  hands 
of  every  Engineer  and 
Contractor.—  Er^f.  and 
Mill.  Journal. 

A  valuable  addition  to 
the  literature  on  the 
Buhject.— .Eti^.  and  B'l'g 
Record. 


n^^isr: 


A  TREATISE  AND  HANDBOOE  ON 

ROCK  DRILLING 


AIR  COMPRESSING 

Mailed  Free. 


3      I33E=tI 

23  Park  Place,  New  York. 


In  reality  a  hand- 
book.— Am.  Maa'fact'r. 

Supplies  a  long  felt 
want.~Ma7L'/rs'  Record. 

This  Catalogue  is  one 
of  unusual  interest  and 
value.— it  R,  Gazette. 

This  is  a  thoroughly 
good  publication. — En- 
gineering News. 

The  usc'ul  information 
will  be  lou'  d  specially 
v^lualile,  —  Eti^.  and 
B'l'g  Record. 

00-, 


L.  C.  MARSHDTZ 


■X.  U.  OANTRELL. 


NATIONAL  IRON  WORKS 

N.  W.  Corner  Main  and  Howard  Sts.,  San  Francisco, 

MANUFACTURERS    OF 

Stationary  and  Compound  Engines,  Flour,  Sugar,  Saw 
and  Quartz  Mill  Machinery. 


AMALGAMATING  MACHINES.     CASTINGS  AND  FORCINGS  ^^ZrZ. 

ALL     WORK    TESTED    AND    GUARANTEED. 

IMPROVED    PORTABLE    HOISTING    ENGINES. 


NATIONAL  ROGKER  aUARTZ  MILL. 

KENDALL'S  PATENT,  AUGUST  24,  1886. 

MARSHUTZ  &  CANTRELL,  Sole  Manufacturers. 

The  Patentee  and  Manufacturera 
cordially  invite  miners  to  critically 
examine  and  pass  judgment  upon 
this  improved  system  of  milling 
and  amalgamating  ores  in  the  fol- 
lowing particulars: 

1.  The  cost  is  less  than  one-half  of 
stamps  of  same  capacity. 

2.  The  freight  to  mine  is  less  than 
one-half  of  stamps. 

3.  The  cost  of  erecting  is  lesa  than 
one-fourth  of  stamps. 

4.  The  power  to  drive  it  is  less  than 
one-half  of  stamps. 

^^  6.  The  wear  is  less  than  one-quar- 

ter of  stamps. 

6.  There  is  no  wear  except  on 
shoes  and  dies. 

7.  In  point  of  amalgamation  it  is 
superior  to  any  other  machine 
in  use. 

8.  In  its  simplicity  of  construction. 

We  challenge  competition  with 
Stamps,  Ball  Pulverizers  or  and 
other  ore  crushing  machines  now 
before  the  publio. 

iS"Send  for  Girculars  and  Price  List.  MARSHUTZ    &    CANTRELL. 


HOISTING  ENGINES  FOR  MINES 


1,2,  or  4  Drums,  with  Reversible  Link 
Motion  or  Pat.  Improved  Friction. 


MADE  ONLY   BT  TnB 


LIDGERWOOD  M'F'G  CO.. 

96  Liberty  St.,  New  York. 

S4  and  86  'West  Monroe  St.,  Chicago. 

197  to  203  Congress  St.,  Boston. 

PACIFIC    COAST    AGENTS, 

PARKE  &  LACY  CO.,  San  Francisco. 

Send  for  Catalogue. 


PERFECT  PULLEYS 

First  Premium  Awarded  at  Mechanics'   Fair,    1884. 

Sole  Licensed  Manufacturers  of  the 

MEDART    PATENT    WROUGHT    RIM    PTJLLEY 

For  the  States  of  California,  Oregon  and  Nevada,  and  the  Territories  of  Idaho,  Washington 

Montana,  Wyoming,  Utah  and  Arizona.      Lightest,  Strongest,  Cheapest  and 

Beat  Balanced  Pulley  in  the  World.      Also  Manufacturera  ol 

PAT.  OOT.  25, 1881.         SHAFTING,    HANG-BBS    AND    APPUKTBNANOBS. 
tS'Sain}  FOR  CiRcnLABfi  amd  Priob  List. "St 
N08.  129  and  181   FRBMONT  STHBBT  BAN    FBANOISOO,  GAL. 


70 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Jan.  25,  1890 


VAN    CLEVE'S 

Pnglish  and  American  fflechanic 


x<ro"vi7"  M:wA.33"y- 


The  Eaglish  and  American  Mechanic.  ComprisiDg  a  col- 
letioo  of  over  30l)n  Receipts,  Rules,  a  d  Tables  designed  for 
the  use  of  every  Mechanic  and  Manufacturer.  By  B.  Frank 
Van  Cleve.    Illustrated,  2S3  pages.    12mo. 

Price  -il.oO,  by  mail,  free  of  postage  to  any  address  in 
tJie  World. 

Among  the  contents  of  this  valuahle  and  useful  hook  are 
ExDlanation  of  didtrams  for  sheet  metal  work:  Contents  in 
gallons  of  diffei-ent  vess  Js;  Weights  <  f  Pipes.  Tin-plates,  Oil 
Cauisters,  with  the  quantity  of  tin  required;  Diameters,  Cir- 
cuiuferences.  and  Areis  of  Circles  and  the  content  of  each 
in  gallons  at  one  foot  in  depth;  Aiithmetic;  Practical  Ge- 
ometry Mensuration;  Slide  Kule;  Stt-aro  and  the  Steam 
Engine;  Belts;  Lime=i.  Cemants,  Mortars  and  Coucrejes; 
Artificers'  HuIbs  and  Tables  for  computiug  the  work  of  Brick- 
layers Well  Diggers,  Masons,  Carpenters,  Joiners.  Slaters, 
Pla'terers  Painters,  Glaziers,  Pavers  and  Plumbers;  Sewers, 
Arch-w  and  Ahutraeuts;  Flour  Mills,  Saw  Mills,  Wood-work- 
ing Machinery;  Water  Power;  Solders;  Fusible  Compounds; 
Fluxes  for  So'deriug  or  Welding;  Strength  of  Materials; 
Weights  of  Materials:  Wh-el  Gearing;  Gauging;  Alloys  and 
Compositions;  Rare  and  Valuable  Eeceip  s  for  Mechanical 
Purposes. 

A  circvlar,  U  pafies  Uto,  showing  the  full  table  of  con- 
tents of  this  important  book,  will  be  sent  free  of  pos'one 
to  any  one  in  any  part  of  the  world  who  will  furnish  h:s 
address. 

^Our  New  Revised  DescH'  tlve  Catalogue  of  Practi- 
cal and  Scie7itific  Books,  S6  payes,  Soo,  and  our  Cata- 
logues of  Books  on  bteam  and  the  Steam  Fngine,  3/e- 
chanics.  Machinery,  aTid  Dync/tnical  Engine  riny.  and 
other  Catalogues,  the  whole  covering  every  branch  of 
Science  applied  to  the  Arts,  sent  fre^  and  free  of  post- 
age to  any  one  in  any  part  of  the  world  who  will  furnish 
his  addr:  ss 

HENRY    CAREY    BAIRD    &    CO.. 

Industrial   Publishers,    Bioksellers   and    Importbrs, 
810  Walnut  St.,  Piiiladelphia.  Pa.,  U.  S.  A. 


STEARNS  WI'F'G  CO., 

29  &  31  Spear  St.,       San  Francisco,  Cal. 


MANUFACTURKR-S  OF 

HIGH-GRADE  SAW  MILL    MACHINERY, 
ENOIITES,  STEEL  BOILERS,  Etc. 

— IMPOKTBRS   OF — 

Munson's  Leather  BeltiDg,  Goodell  &  Waters'  Woodwork- 
ing Tools,  Hill's  Clutch  Pulleys  and  CoupIinES,  Eroerson'e 
Saws,  Emery  Wheels,  Tool  and  Knife  Grinders,  Ewart's 
Link  Belting,  L.  &  D.  Wood  Pulleys,  Hoisting  and  Pile 
Dri\'ing  Elngines,  Etc 


The  Celebrated  H.  H.  H  Liniment. 


The  H.  H.  H.  lilnlmeiit  1b  for  the  treatment  o! 
he  Aches  and  Paine  of  Humanity,  as  well  as  for  the  ail- 
ments of  the  beasts  of  the  fields.  Teatimonlala  from 
importers  and  hreedera  of  blooded  stock  prove  Its  won 
derful  curative  propertiea.  No  man  has  ever  used  It  for 
an  ache  or  pain  ana  been  dissatisfied. 
H.  H.  MOORE  &  SONS,  Stockton,  Cal.,  Proprietora 
For  Salb  by  all  Druooibts. 


WINCHESTER  HOUSE. 


4t  Third  Street, 


San  Francisco,  Cal, 


This  Fire  proof  Brick  Building:  ia  centrally  located,  in 
the  healthiest  fart  of  the  city,  only  a  ball  block  from  the 
Grand  and  Palace  Hotels,  and  close  to  all  Steamboat  and 
Railroad  Offices. 

Laundry  Free  for  the  use  of  Families. 

HOT  AND  COLD  BATHS  FREE. 


PACIFIC    ROLLING   MILL    CO., 


.KAHtrFACJrnBBBS  OF., 


Cast  steel  Castiip  ^^  Steel  Fdpb 


UP   TO    20,000   LBS.    WEIGHT. 

True  to  pattern  and  superior  In  strenerth,  toughness  and  durability  to  Oaet  or  Wrought 
Iron  in  any  position  or  for  any  service. 

GEARINGS,  shoes;  DIES,  CAMS,  TAPPETS,  PISTON-HEADS,  RAILROAD  and  MA- 
CHINERY CASTINGS  of  Every  Description. 


HOMOGENEOUS  STEEL. 


SOFT  and  DUCTILE, 


SUPERIOR  TO  IRON  FOR 


LOCOMOTIVE  AND  MARINE  FORCINGS. 

ALSO  Steel  Rods,  from  i  to  3  inch  diameter  and  Flats  trom  1  to  8  inch.  Angrles,  Teea,  ChannelH  and  other  shape 
Steel  Wagon,  Buggy,  and  Truck  Tires,  Plow  Steel;  Machinery  and  Special  Shape  Steel  to  size  and  lengths 
STEEL  RAII.S  from  12  to  45  pounds  per  yard.  ALSO,  Railroad  and  Merchant  Iron,  Rolled 
Beams,  Angle,  Channel,  and  T  Iron,  Bridge  and  Machine  Bolts,  Lag  Screws,  Nuts,  Washers,  Ship  and  Boat 
Spikes;  Steamboat  Shafts,  Cranks,  Pistons,  Connecting  Rods,  etc.  Car  and  Locomotive  Axles  and  Frames, 
and  Iron  Forglngs  of  all  kinds,  Iron  and  Steel  Bridge  and  Roof  Work  a  Specialty. 

HIGHEST  PRICE  PAID  FOR  SCRAP  IRON  AND  STESX. 

fy  Orders  will  have  prompt  attention.    Send  £or  Catalogues,    Address 

PACIFIC  ROLLIKG  MILL  CO..  202  Market  St..  San  Francifico. 


Terms,  Board  and  Room,  $1.00  per  Da> 

And  Upward. 

Booms  with  or  without  Board. 

Free  Coach  to  the  House. 
or,  i»oc»ijE"sr. 


VAN   DUZEN'S 

STEAMjetPUMP 

For  MILLS,  FACTORIES,  SHOPS,  ETC. 

ror  ElcvatiMfT  and  Conveying  r.i(iiiids. 
For  EmptyiiiK  Pits,  Sints.  Cessiiools*,  etc., 

and  as  a  Fire  Pump. 
10  Sizes.   ST  to  S~5.  Every  Pomp  warranted. 

Write  for  DL'Sfriptivc  Pumxa  Circular,  V- 

VAN    DUZEN   4.  TIFT,  CINCINNATI,   O. 


FULTON     IRON    WORKS, 

HINCKLEY,  SPIERS    &    HAYES,  Proprietors. 


[ESTABLISHED    IN    1SB5.] 


jS£t.aa.   Z*xrc«.zxolisoo. 


— MANffPACTUttBRfl    OF— 


TUSTIN'S    PULVERIZER. 


MARINE  ENGINES  AND  BOILBRS.- 
Propeller  En^nes,  either  High  Pressure  or  Compound, 
Stern  or  Side-wheel  Engines. 

MINING  MACHINERY.— Hoisting  Engines  and 
Worka,  Cages,  Ore  Buckets,  Ore  Cars,  Pumping  Engines 
and  Pumps,  Water  Buckets,  Pump  Coliunns,  Air  Com- 
pressors, Air  Receivers,  Air  Pipes. 

MIIjL<  MACHINERY.— Batteries  (or  Dry  or  Wet 
Crushing,  Amalgamating  Pans,  Setthrs,  Furnaces,  Re- 
torts, Concentrators,  Ore  Feeders,  Rock  Breakera,  Fur- 
naced  for  Reducing  Ores,  Water  Jackets,  etc. 

MISCELLANEOUS  MACHINERY.— Flour 
Mill  Machinery,  Saw  Mill  Engines  and  Boilers,  Dredging 
Machinery,  Powder  Mill  Machinery,  Water  Wheels. 

Tustin's  Pulverizer 

WORKS  ORE  WET  OR  DRY. 


ENGINESsBOILERS 

OF    ALL    KINDS, 

Hiither  for  use  on  Steamboats  or  for  nse  on  Land. 

Water  Pipe,  Poinp  or  Air  Columns,  Fiah 

Tanks  for  Salmon  Canneries 

OP   BVBRT   DH8CRIPTI0N. 

Boiler  Repairs  Promptly  attended  to  and  at  very  moaerate  rates. 

AOBNTS  FOR  THB  PACIFIC  C0A8T  FOR  THB 

DecLXxe   Sto^^xxx  X=*i;i.xxft.'^. 

SPECIALTIES : 

Corllsi  Engrinee  and  Tustin  Ore  Pulverizers,'  DEANE    STEAM    PUMP. 

Agents  and  Manufacturers  of  the  Llewellyn  Feed  Water  Purifier  and  Heater. 


THE  GIANT  POWDER  COMPANY 

Manufacture  Three  Kinds  of  Powder,  which  are  acknowledged  by  all  the  Great  Chemists  of  the  World  as 

The  Safest  and  Strongest  High  Explosives  in  the  Market. 

Of  Different  StrengrthB  as  Required. 

NOBSL'S     EXPI-OSIVE     GEI.ATINE,"    which  contains    94    per  cent  of  Xltro-Olycerlne,  and 

GELATINE-DYNAMITE,  Stronger  than  Dynamite  and  even  Safer  in  Handling. 

JUDSON  POWDER  IMPROVED. 

rOB  BAII.ROADS  AND  LAND  CLEARING.  Is  from  three  to  four  times  stronger  than  ordinary  Blast- 
ing Powder,  and  is  used  bj'  all  the  BaUroads  and  Gravel  Claims,  as  it  breaks  more  ground,  pulverizes  better  and 
saves  time  and  money.    It  is  aa  dry  as  the  ordinary  Blasting  Powder  and  runs  as  freely. 

BANDMANN,  NIELSEN  &  CO., 


OAFS  and  FUSS  for  Sale. 


GBNEBAl.  AGENTS,  SAN  FRANCISCO  GAL. 


QUARTZ  SCREENS 


A  specialty.     Round,  slot 
or  burred  slot  holes.    Gen- 
uine Russia   Iron,  Homo- 
geneous Steel,  Cast  Steel  or  ^ 
American  planished  Iron, 

Zinc,  Copper  or  Brass  Screens  for  all  purposes. 

fornia  Perforating  Screen  Co..  145  &,  147  Beale  St . 


Engraving 


Superior  Wood  and  Metal  Engrav- 
ing, Eleotrotfping  and  Stereotyping 
'done  at  the  office  of  tins  paper 


COAL  MINES  OF  THE  WESTERN  COAST. 

A  few  copies  of  this  work,  the  only  one  ever  published 
treating  of  Pacific  Coast  Coal  Mining,  have  been  ob- 
tained, and  are  for  sale  at  this  office  for  S2.50  per  copy. 
It  was  written  by  W.  A.  Goodyear,  Mining  and  Ci\'il 
Engineer,  formerly  of  the  California  State  Geological 
Survey. 


N.  W.  SPAULDING 

Manufacturers  of 
SPAULDING' S 

Inserted  Tootii 

AND 

CHISEL    BIT 

CiaCOLAB 

Saws. 

SAW  MILLS   AND   MACHINEEY 

0(  all  kinda  made.to  order.    Send  Jor  Desoriptive  Cata 
logue,    17  and  19  Fremont  St.,  San  Franolica 


irop  apd  l^acliipe  hh 


CALIFORNIA    MACHINE    WORKS, 

WM.  H.  BIRCH  &  CO., 

ENGINEERS     AND     MACHINISTS. 


No.  110  Beale  St., 


San  Francisco. 


BUILDERS  OF 

Steam  Eneines,  Saw  Mills,  Mining  Machinery,  Dredging 
Machines,  Rock  Crushers,  Cable  Railway  Machinery, 
Ellithorp  Air  Brake  Co. '3  Patent  Steam  and  Hydraulic 
Elevators,  Air  Cushions  and  Air  Brakes.  POSITIVE 
SAFSTIES.  Improved  Ram  Elevators,  Sidewalk  and 
Hand  Hoists.  B.  E.  Henrickson's  Patent  Automatic 
Safety  Catches. 

Machines  of  all  kinds  Made  and  Repaired. 
Orders  Solicited. 


Golden  State  &  Miners  Iron  Works. 

UacQtiactnre  Iron  Oastlnss  and  Maobinery 
of  all  KlndB  at  Greatly  Bednced  Bates. 

STEVBNSOira  PATENT 

Mold-Board  AMALGAMATORS, 
Golden  State  Pressure  Blowers. 

s^ret  St.,  between  Howard  A  Folsom,  S.  F, 


rHOHAB  THOMPSON  . 


rEORNTON  THOMF80II 


THOMPSON    BROTHERS. 

EUREKA    FOUNDRY, 

129  and  181  Beale  St.,  between  Uissioo  and  Howard,  B.F 

HAHTTPAOTmUIRS  OP  OABTIKGS  OP  STBRT  DBBOBIPTIOH. 


Mining    Engineers. 


CIVIL  AND  MINING  ENGINEER 
Ot  long  experience,  practical  aod  admiDiE<trattve,  In 
Copper,  Silver  and  Gold  Mining  in  Europe  and.  America, 
offers  services  as  Manager  or  Superintendent,  or  to  search 
lor  aod  report  on  Mines.  Now  in  Mexico.  Several  Lan- 
guages.   Address  C.  F..  Box  2617,  San  Fraacisco,  Cal. 


W,  A.  GOODYEAR. 

Oivil    and    Mining    Eng'ineer, 

mNINO  EXPERT  AKD  GEOLOGIST. 
Address  "  BuslneBs  Box  A,"  office  of  this  paper,  9aD 
Francisco. 


ROSS   E.  BROWNE, 

Mining  and  Hydraulic  Engineer, 

No.  307  SAJfSOMB  St.,  Sak  Felahoisoo. 


ISRAEL  W.  KNOX, 
Mining  and  Mechanical  Engineer 

ANB   PURCHASING   AOBNT   FOR 

Hines,  Kming  Machinery  &  Supplies. 

UineB  Examined,    Reports  and     Estimates    Furnished, 

Contracts  made,  etc 
Office,  287  First  St,        San  PranclBCO,  Oal. 


THE  ROLLER  ORE  FEEDER 

[Patented  May  28, 1882.] 


This  is  the  best  and  cheapest  Ore  Feeder  now  in  use. 

It  has  fewer  parts,  requires  less  power,  is  simpler  in 
adjustment  than  any  other.  Feeds  coarse  ore  or  soft  clay 
alike  uniformly,  under  one  or  all  the  stamps  in  a  battem 
as  required. 

In  the  Bunker  Hill  Mill  it  has  run  continuously  for  two 
years,  never  having  been  out  of  order  or  costing  a  dollar 
for  repairs. 

Golden  State  and   Miners'  Iron  Works, 

Sole  Manufacturers, 
S27  First  Street.  San  Francisco,  Gal. 


Lakeport,     20 

miles  east  of  Ukiah.    Comfortable  Hotel.    Quiet  Cabina. 

Lovely  Scenery.    Low  Charges.    Its  waters  are  a  sure 

cure  for  Dropsy,  Sorofulous  and  Skin  Disefues,-  Bheuma- 

'  dsm,  etc    Address  H    L.  DBNIO,  Upper  Lake. 


Jan.  25,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


71 


PROVED    BELT    FRUE   ORE  CONCENTRATOR. 


The  Beat  Ore  Concentrator  in  the  market,  having  doublft 
the  CApaoity  and  doing  ita  work  as  close  as  the  plain  Bdlt 
machine,  while  its  concentrations  are  clean.  It  is  need  in 
a  number  of  MilU,  the  most  notable  of  which  is  the 
Alaska  M.  &:  M.  Go's  Mill,  where  24  Improved  Belt  Frues 
are  taking  the  Polp  from  120  St^imps,  cruehing  '.i50  tons 
per  day,  and  is  fOvii>g  entire  satisfaction  as  against  48 
plain  Belt  Maohinee,  taking  the  Palp  from  the  other  120 
Btamps. 

Price  of  Improved  Belt  Frue  Vanner,  $900,  f.  o.  b. 
Price  of  Plain  Belt  Frue  Vanner,  $575,  f.  o.  b. 


For  Pamphlets,  Teatimonlale  and   farther  information 
apply  at  office. 


Protected  by  Patents  December  22,  1874;  September  2 
1S79;  April  27,  1880;  March  22,  1881;  February  20, 1883; 
September  18,  1883;  July  24,  1888.     Patents  applied  for. 


There  are  Over  2200  Plain  Belt  Machines  now 
in  Use. 

Tor  Montawa  Compant  (Limited),  Lont)On,  October  8, 1886. 
Dear  Sirs:— Having  tested  three  o(  your  Fruo  Vannera  in  a  com- 
petitivo  trial  with  other  aliuilar  niacliiiies  (Triumph),  we  huve  satisfied 
ourBelves  of  the  superiority  of  your  VaniiurB.  as  Is  ovideuced  by  the 
fact  of  our  havintf  ordered  20  more  of  your  macliinert  tor  Immediate 
delivery.     Youra  truly,         THE  MONTANA  COMPANY  (Limited). 

N.  B.— Since  the  above  was  written  the  20  Vannere,  havioK  been 
started,  gave  such  satiBfactiou  that  H  additional  Frues  and  more 
stampe  have  been  purchased.  ADAMS    &    CARTEK. 


ADAMS  &  CARTER,  Agents  FRUE  VANNING  MACHINE  CO.,  Room  15.  No.  132  Market  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


"TRIUMPH"  ORE  CONCENTRATOR  with  IMPROVED  RIFFLED  BELT. 


The  oompetitive  trials  which  have  been  held  between  the 
"  Triamph  "  Ore  Concentratora,  the  "  Frue"  Vannera  and 
other  forme  of  conoentratiog  devicea,  do  not  warrant  the  as- 
aertiOQ  that  the  "I'Vue  '  Vanner  ia  the  best  ore  concentrator  in 
the  market.  The  fact  that  the  "Fruee"  have  improved  (cor- 
rn^ated)  belta  does  not  militate  against  the  aaperioriiy  of  tho 
"Triompha;"  for,  when  desired,  they  (the  "Triumphs")  can 
be  mounted  with  a  auperior  belt  known  as  the  *'  Blasdel  " 
Riffled. 


Price  "  Triumph  "  Concentrators,  with  Im- 
proved (Patented)  Belt       -       ■       -        $650f.  0.  b. 

Price  "  Triamph "  Concentrators,  with 
Plain  Belt $550  f.  o.  b. 


We  are  prepared  to  ^arantoe  the  aupTloritv  of  the  "Tiiuniph" 
the  "  Krue  "  or  any  other  form  of  Concentrator,  for  coin  if  need  be. 
Circulara  and  tostimooial  letters  furnished  on  application. 


JOSHUA  HENDY  MACHINE  WORKS. 

39  to  51  Fremont  Street,     San  Francisco,  Cal. 


(E^-A-TUZXTTIEXD-) 

Both  the  ''Triumph"  Concentrator  and  "Blaadel"  (riflled) 
Bait  are  protected  by  inonntestable  letters  patent,  granted 
by  the  Government  of  the  United  States. 

Orininal  Empire  Mill  and  Mining  Company,  \ 

Principal  OtHce,  401  Colifornia  S  ..  f^or.  SanBume,  S.  P.      > 

LotatioD  o(  Works,  Grate  Valley,  Nevada  Co.,  Cal.  ) 

Grasb  Vallet.  Nkvada  Co.,  Cal,,  Nov.  10,  1885. 

Joshua  Uiiiidy  Machine  Worku,  3D  to  51  Frcitwnt  St.,  S.  F.,  Cal.: 

Okstlksien — I  &m  pleased  to  state,  in  roferonce  to  the  •'  Ttiumph" 
Ore  Concentratora,  that  four  (4)  of  tliem  were  placei  )u  the  mUl  of  tho 
Oriulual  Eiuipre  Mill  and  Mining  Company  in  April,  1SS4,  and  a  thorough 
tcHl  made  of  their  practical  oper  tion;  and  their  efficiency  having  been 
iltinionatrated,  four  (4)  more  w  ore  subsequently  introduced  aa  the  comple- 
ment of  tiie  Twenty  (20)  Stamp  Mill,  and  the  eight  (8;  have  been  and  are 
now  runniuy  with  entirely  satisfactory  rostiUs. 

At  the  Ten  (10-)  Stamp  Mill  of  the  North  Star  Mining  Company,  unf^er 
my   supervision,  four  (4)  are  also  in  successful   operation,  and  from  my 
observation  of  their  praciical  workings,  I  am  convinced  that  this  form  of 
Concentrators  is  the  equal,  if  not  superior  to  any  othe^   Btyle  of  Yano 
or  concentrating  devices.  DAVTD  McKAY,  Jr., 

[Siened]  Sup't  North  Star  and  Original  Empire  Mining  Co 

N.  B.  When  the  atamping  capacity  of  the  two  above  named  mills  waa  in- 
creased, more  "  Triumph  "  Concentrators  were  purchased,  and  tweuty- 
einht  (2S)  are  now  in  constant  successful  operation. 


DAVIDSON    STEAM    PUMPS. 

Risdon  Iron  and  Locomotive  Works, 


Boiler-Feed  Pumps, 
Tank  Pumps, 
Marine  Pumps. 
Wrecking  Pumps, 
Fire  Pumps, 
Brewery  Pumps, 
Mining  Pumps, 
Low    Pressure 

Pumps, 
Vertical  Pumps, 
Balanced    Hydraulic 

AND 

Heavy  Pressure  Valve.  [ 


S.  E.  COR.  HOWARD  AND  BEALE  STS., 

San  Francisco. 


SugarHouse  Pumps. 
Railroad  Pumps, 
Vacuum  Pumps, 
Air  Pumps, 
Circulating  Pumps, 
Tannery  Pumps, 
Hydraulic  Pumps, 
Elevator  Pumps, 
Independent  Air 

Pump  and  Jet 

Condenser. 
Artesian  or  Deep 

Well  Pumps. 


The  Only  Steam  Pump  Made  that  can  be  run  at  High  Piston  Speed  without  Shock  and  with  Safety  to  the  iVIachine.    Piston  Rods, 

StufiBng-Boxes,  Valve  Seats,  Stems  and  Linings  of  Water  Cylinders  are  of  Best  Oomposition  Metal,  D.  S.  Standard. 
EVERY    PTJMP    THOBOtJGHLY    TESTED    BEFOKE    LEAVING    FACTORY.  SoziaL    for    C7Ata.losvi.es. 


ia:xj3Nri"inxrc3rTo  isr. 


MANUPACTDRBR    OF ■ 


LLS, 


CENTRIFUGAL  ROLLER  QUARTZ 

Concentrators  and  Ore  Crushers, 
Mining  Machinery  of  Every  Description.        Steam  Engines  and  Shingle  Machines. 


SEND    FOB    CIRCULAR. 


Centrifugal  Koller  Quartz  Mill. 


S13      X^XZIST*      S1MEt.-Ei:BlT, 


S-A-DXT     3E«I=t.-A.3XrC!ISCO,      O.A.Ia 


■70 


Mining  :  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Jan.  25,  1890 


FRISBEE  WET  MILL 

This  Mill,  with  a  weight  of  less  than  9000  pounds, 
has  a  capacity  of  three  tons  per  hour  of  hard 
quartz  to  40  mesh ;  has  been  thoroughly- 
tested  ;  we  guarantee  its  work  as 
represented,  and  we  will  give 
long  time   trial. 


IT    HAS  NO  MORE  WEARING  PARTS  THAN  CORNISH  ROLLS 

And  renewals  will  not  cost  over  one-half  as  much  as  for  stamps.  Will  ran  empty,  or  with  small 
amount  of  ore  without  injury.  The  attention  of  parties  having  Cement  Gravel  is  called  to  thi^ 
Mill,  as  it  will  run  100  tons  per  day  to  No.  B  mesh;  30  to  35  H.  P, 

OUR  DRY  MILLS  are  the  most  economical  ever  built,  and   are   extensively  used  with 
record  of  several  years.    No  grinding  in  Dana.    Mill  finishes  to  any  fineness  desired. 

FRISBEE-LUCOP  MILL  COMPANY. 

GIDEON  FRISBEE,  Manager,        -        -       59  &  61  First  Street,  San  Francisco 
HOOKER  &  LAWRENCE.  Gen'l  Ag'ts.  145  Broadway.  New  York. 


JOSHUA  HENDY  MACHINE  WORKS, 

Nos.  39  to  51   FREMONT  STREET,  SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 


HENDY"    IMPROVED    "OHALLBNGB"    ORE    FEEDER. 


The  best  form  of  Feeder  ever  devised,  and  prononnced  by  reputable  mining  men  to  be  fat 

superior  to  any  form  o{  "  Roller  "  Feeder  manufactured.     We  refer  to  the  follow- 

iug  gentlemen  who  have  furnished  us  with  testimonial  letters  to  the 

above  effect,  which  can  be  seen  at  our  o£6lce,   viz.: 


S.  VV.  Crocker,  Snpt.  Bunker  Hill  Gold  Min^ 

ing  Co.,  Amador  City,  Oal. 
W.  G.  Roberts,  Greenwood,  El  Dorado  Co. ,  Cal 


D.  0.  WicKHAM,  Taylor  Mine,  Greenwood,  Cal. 
J.  R.  Tregloan,  Supt.  South  Spring  Hill  Gold 
Mining  Co.,  Amador  City,  Cal. 

WE  ARE  MANITFACTaRERS  OF  THE 

"CHALLENGE,"  "STANFORD,"  '  TULLOCK,"  &  '  ROLLER"  FEEDERS, 

And  will  furnish  descriptive  Catalogues  and  quote  prices  upon  application. 


Lubricating  Compound  and  Cups. 


1868. 
Manufacture  commenced  a 
Albjiny,  Wew  York. 

1876. 

Introduced  by  ua  on  Pacific 
Coast. 

1889. 

Cheap  imitations  having  had 
time  to  show  that  they  are  the 
moat  expensive  in  the  end,  the 

Sales  of  the  Qennine  Albfiny 
Gompoiind  are  larger  than 
ever  before, 


England,    Belgium, 
France, 

And  other  Foreign  Countries 
ar^  now  Large  ConsnmerB, 


We  are  also  Sole  Agents  foi 
the 

L°   Albany  Cylinder  Oils, 

Albany  Spindle  Oils,  Etc. 


^ 


FOR    SALE    ONLY    BY 


TATUM  &  BOWEN 


Sole  Agents  for  the  Pacific  Coast, 

Dealers     in     Improved    Woodworking     Machinery, 

Sawmill  Machinery,  Engines,  Boilers,  Ironworking  Machinery,  Supplies,  Etc, 

Sole  Agents  for  Hoe  Chisel-Tooth  Saw,  Gardner  Governor,  Schultz 
Leather  Belting,  Etc. 

34  AND  36  FREMONT  STREET,  SAN  FRANCISCO. 

85  FRONT  STREET,  PORTLAND,  OR. 


Vulcan  Iron  '^obxs, 


135-145  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


11 


i  Stamp    Batteries,    Pans    and    Settlers, 
"Dodge,"  and  Improved  Blake,  Rack-Breakers, 
"Dodge"  Pulverizers,  Slime  Machines,  etc. 

AERIAL  WIRE  ROPEWAYS. 

(VULOAN    PATENT    SYSTEM.) 

The  cheapest  and  moat  reliable  form  of  Transportation  of  Ore,  Coal,  eto.     Saves  fonr-fifths 
of  the  cost  by  any  other  method. 

SAW-MILL  )  (      CORLISS, 

REFRIGERATING  }  MACHINERY.     STEAM  ENGINES  \  Meyer  Cut-off, 
CABLE-ROAD       )  (    Slide  Valve. 

SPECIAL  MACHINERY  TO  ORDER. 


SHAl^TING. 

BOXEN, 

HANGERS,  etc. 


REPAIR  WORK  SOLICITED. 


IMPROVED  FORM  OF  HYDRAULIC  GIANTS. 


THE  ABOVE  CUT  ILLUSTRATES  THE  IMPROVED  FORM  OF  BOUBLE- JOIN  TED  HT-  , 
DRAUIilC  GIANTS  which  we  manufacture.  We  jpiarantee  purchasers  of  this  form  of  Giants  against  all  jj 
coats,  expenses  or  damages  which  may  arise  from  anj'  arJverse  suits  or  actions  at  law.  We  are  further  prepared  to  j 
furnish  Single-Joiuted  Giants  when  required.  Prices,  discounte  and  Catalogues  of  our  specialties  of  hy- J 
draalic  Mining  Macliinery  sent  on  application. 

JOSHUA  HENDY  MACHINE  WORKS,  39  to  51  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco. 


Axi  IHmt rated 


A.1>T2>TXJ-A.Xj    2>/LXl<TI2<Ta-    R.E'VIE'VT"— T^'CVEISTT^ST     F-A-O-ES. 


VOL.    LX.—  Number    5. 
DEWEY  i,  CO..  PuButMtao. 


SAN    FRANCISCO,    SATURDAY,  FEBRUARY    1,    1890. 


Ttiree  Dollars  per  Annum. 
Single  Copiee,  10  Cte. 


A  Modern  Gold-Mill. 

A  OQt  on  this  page  sbows  a  modern  40-Btamp 
gold'inill  run  by  steam-power,  eaoh  as  are  used 
all  over  California.  The  mill  is  asaally  bailt 
in  RQch  a  aitaatlon  that  the  ore  oan  be  delivered 
by  oar  or  wagon  at  the  apper  part  where  it  U 
dumped  against  an  inclined  **  grizzly,"  and  the 
tioer  ore  passing  tbrongh  the  interatices  of  the 
grizzly,  falls  directly  into  the  main  ore-bin. 
The  ooaraer  ore  (too  large  to  pass  through  the 
grizzly)  is  soreened  off  by  gravity  into  the  ooarse 
ore-bin,  from  which  it  ia  drawn  by  gravity  di- 
rectly into  the  rock-breakers,  or  It  falle  apon  a 
floor  in  front  of  the  rock-breakera.  By  these  it 
is  crashed,  and  falls  into  the  main  ore-bins. 
From  the  main  ore-bins  the  ore  passes  throngh 
gates  into  the  "self-feeders,"  which  supply  it 
automatically  to  the  batteries.  Qiickailver  is 
ffd  at  intervals  to  the  mortars  of  the  battery, 
and  coming  in  contact  with  the  native  or 
'*  free  "  gold  of  the  finely  crushed  ore  ('*  pulp  "), 
forms  with  it  an  amalgam.  Thia  amalgam  ia 
caught  partly  by  the  copper  platea  in  the  bat- 
tery, and  partly  npon  the  amalgamated  or 
eilvdr-plated  copper  plates,  after  it  faaa  issued 
through  the  screens  of  the  mortars.  The  amal- 
gam is  "cleaned  up"  periodically  and  retorted. 
Rstorting  consists  in  the  anblimation  of  the 
quicksilver,  the  vapors  of  which  are  condensed 
in  water  and  the  quicksilver  oollected.  The 
residual  gold  is  in  a  porous  state.  It  is  melted 
with  flaxes  in  crucibles  and  oast  in  ingots.  The 
mill  shown  in  the  engraving  is  from  a  design  of 
the  Union  Iron  Works  in  this  city. 

The  pulp  from  which  the  free  gold  has  been 
extracted  by  amalgamation  passes  over  concen- 
trators of  various  mechanical  devices.  These 
concentrators  effect  a  separation  of  the  aurifer- 
ous sulphnreta  from  the  worthless  gangue.  In 
California  the  concentrated  aulphnrets  are 
treated  by  the  chlorination  process.     In  some 


METHOD    OF    QUARRYING    OUT    LARGE    BLOCKS    OP    SANDSTONE. 


other  aeotiona  of  the  coantry  the  anlphuretsare 
sold  to  smelting  works.  The  gold  orea  of  Cali- 
fornia carry  on  an  average  two  per  cent  of  sul- 
phurets.  The  concentrated  eulphnreta  assay 
on  an  average  from  $60  to  $90  per  ton  in  gold, 
with  from  a  trace  to  several  dollars  in  silver. 
The  custom  chlorination  works  of  California 
charge  $20  per  ton  for  the  treatment  of  sul- 
pburets,  and  return  90  per  cent  of  the  assay 


value.  Cinder  conditiona  ordinarily  favorable, 
a  plant  treating  6  to  9  tons  per  24  hours  can  re-, 
duce  the  anlpbarets  at  a  cost  of  §8  to  $10  per 
ton,  extracting  90  to  94  per  cent  of  the  assay 
value  of  the  gold.  '- 

Sandstone. 

Around  the  Bay  of  San  Francisco  there  occur 
sandstonea  of  a  considerable  variety  of  colors 


A    CALIFORNIA    40-STAMP    GOLD-MILL    WITH    OONOBNTBATOBS- 


whioh  are  beginning  to  come  into  use  to  some 
extent.  The  prevailing  colors  here  are  brown- 
ish and  gray.  On  Aogel  Island  there  occurs  a 
flne  sandstone  of  a  greenish'gray  color,  which 
was  used  in  the  Biink  of  California  building  ; 
and  others  of  a  lighter  shade  are  found  in  vari- 
ous parts  of  Alameda  county.  A  few  miles 
south  of  San  Jose  there  are  also  inexhaustible 
supplies  of  light-gray  and  buff  stone,  but  which 
are  worked  only  in  a,  small  way.  Near 
Cordelia,  Solano  county,  there  occars  a 
dark-gray,  volcanic  tufa  that  oan  per- 
haps be  utilized  for  rough  construotion. 
A  very  valuable  handbook,  by  Geo. 
P.  Merrill,  curator  of  the  Dapartment 
of  Geology  at  the  Smithsonian  Insti- 
tute, has  just  been  issued,  being  a  de- 
scription of  the  collection  of  building 
and  ornamental  stonea  in  the  U.  S. 
National  Museum.  The  book  is  not  a 
dry  catalogue,  but  ia  well  written  and 
interesting,  giving  as  it  doea  so  much 
information  concerning  all  sorts  of 
bnilding-stonea. 

Among  other  things  is  a  description 
of  the  sandstone  qaarriea  at  Porbland, 
Coon.,  a  cut  of  which  is  shown  on  this 
page.  The  stone  ia  of  medium  fiae- 
nesB  of  texture,  of  a  uniform  reddish' 
brown  color,  and  lies  in  nearly  horizon- 
tal beds  varying  from  a  few  inches  to  20 
feet  in  tbiokness.  Natural  blocks  100 
by  50  by  20  feet  occur,  and  hence  blocks 
of  any  desired  size  can  be  obtained.  The 
blocks  are  roughly  trimmed  down  with 
picks  at  the  quarry,  and  shipped  thna 
to  New  York  and  other  large  cities  to  be 
worked  up  as  occasion  demands.  Scarce- 
ly any  of  the  ipaterial  is  dressed  at  the 
quarries.  The  stone  hae  been  used 
In  all  our  leading  citiea,  particularly 
in  New  York,  and  has  even  been  ship- 
ped to  San  Francisco  via  Cape  Horn, 


72 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Feb.  1,  1890 


Locked  Up. 

Gold  in  Nevada  County's  Gravel  Channels. 

It  is  ooly  a  mere  matter  of  time,  says  the 
Nevada  Transcript^  when  the  National  Govern- 
ment will  wake.up  to  the  exigencies  of  the  case 
and  turn  its  attention  to  unlocking  again  the 
golden  treasure-houae  of  the  gravel  channels, 
which  are  known  to  contain  to-day  more  gold 
than  has  ever  yet  been  taken  out  of  them — 
laree  as  that  sum  haa  been.  In  order  that  the 
pnblio  may  form  some  idea  of  the  value  of  the 
gold  known  to  exist  in  only  one  of  the  gravel 
channels  in  the  county  of  Nevada,  one  need  but 
look  into  the  testimony  taken  in  the  Woodruff 
case  from  nnimpeaohable  witnesses,  backed  up 
by  facts  such  as  could  not  be  controverted,  as  to 
the  yield  of  the  one  main  channel  which  oc- 
cupiea  the  ridge  between  the  Middle  and  South 
Yuba  rivers.  It  has  been  from  four  to  six  mill- 
ions of  dollars  in  gold  per  mile. 

There  can  be  no  doubt  that  the  amount  of 
^old  remaining  in  the  nuworked  ground  of  the 
North  Bloomfield  Gravel  Mining  Co.  is  at  least 
$10,000,000,  perhaps  more.  Its  deep  tunnel, 
constructed  at  a  coat  of  three-fourths  of  a  mill- 
ion dollars,  controls  enough  more  ground  along 
this  channel,  belonging  to  other  parties,  to 
turn  out  at  least  $8,000,000  more.  And  it  owns 
other  ground  which  is  partially  opened  which 
certainly  contains  $4,000,000  more. 

The  Milton  Mining  and  Water  Co.  owna  of 
nnworked  ground  on  this  channel  enough  to 
turn  out  at  least  $10,000,000  more,  besides 
claims  (that  can  be  worked  through  its  tunnels) 
not  belonging  to  it,  in  which  there  is  at  least 
$10,000,000  more. 

The  Eureka  Lake  Co.  owns  of  this  channel 
enough  to  turn  out  at  least  $20,000,000  more, 
thus  making  in  the  property  owned  and  con 
trolled  by  these  three  companiea,  not  less  than 
$60,000,000  in  gold.  If  to  the  property  of 
these  three  companies  be  added  the  remainder 
of  this  known  channel  on  the  rid£;e,  it  will  carry 
the  total  value  of  gold,  in  some  IS  or  20  miles 
of  this  channel  alone,  up  to  nearly  or  quite 
$100,000,000. 

This  value,  as  was  stated  in  the  evidence  re- 
ferred to  by  one  of  the  witnesses  thoroughly 
familiar  with  the  subject,  and  indorsed  by 
others,  *'is  known  not  as  a  matter  of  conject- 
ure but  as  a  matter  of  certainty."  All  hare  a 
vague  idea  that  the  yield  from  the  quartz  mines 
has  been  in  the  past  very  large.  Bat  where  $1 
has  come  from  quartz  mines,  five  or  more  have 
oome  from  gravel.  In  fact  the  auriferous  gravel 
channels,  so-called,  are  the  great  storehouse  of 
the  gold  deposits  of  the  world. 

This  one  hundred  millions  of  treasure  is  now 
locked  up  by  injunction,  and  while  ita  extrac- 
tion would  keep  thousands  of  workmen  bney  at 
large  wages,  and  the  product  would  stimnlate 
all  industries  in  our  State,  the  country  must 
sit  down  by  its*  treasnre-box,  fold  ita  arms  and 
do  nothing,  because  a  few  hundred  acres  of 
land  in  the  great  valley  of  the  Saoramento  is 
temporarily  injured,  and  our  wise  judges  say 
that  none  of  our  engineers  are  able  to  cope 
with  BO  simple  a  problem  as  the  construction  of 
a  dam  to  impound  the  dirt  or  debris  which 
may  oome  from  mining  out  this  gold,  although 
there  are  engineers  who  have  not  hesitated  to 
grapple  with  the  problem  of  buildiug  an  earth 
dam  170  feet  in  bight,  to  impound  water  for 
the  Spring  Valley  "Water  Works  of  San  Fran- 
cisco; to  dam  at  Folsom  a  stream  that  during 
the  winter  months  becomes  a  raging  torrent; 
and  in  New  York  in  connection  with  the 
Croton  Water  Works,  to  build  a  dam  of  stone 
250  feet  high. 

This  vast  treasury  has,  in  the  past,  been  at- 
tacked by  the  three  corporations  named  at  a 
cost,  for  tnunels.  water  reservoirs  and  canals, 
of  not  less  than  $6,000,000.  Bat  under  the  de- 
crees of  the  ooutts,  which  have  judicially  de- 
termined that  no  dam  can  be  built  which  will 
impound  dirt  and  atones,  these  vast  mines  are 
Idle,  and  the  works  connected  with  them  fast 
going  to  decay.  This  is  the  case  in  one  section 
of  the  State,  covering  some  20  miles  only  in 
length  of  this  golden  channel.  If  to  it  is  added 
the  hundreds  of  miles  of  similar  deposits  in 
other  parts  of  the  State,  it  is  certainly  within 
bounds  to  say  that  because  a  few  acrea  of  land 
in  the  Sacramento  valley,  of  the  value  of  about 
$1,500,000,  are  temporarily  injured  by  the  past 
mining  operations  of  nearly  forty  years,  theae 
hundreds  of  millions  of  dollars  in  gold  which 
are  known  to  be  within  these  ohaunels  must 
remain  locked  up. 

The  result  of  the  sage  conclusion  of  these 
wise  jadges  is  that  the  slime  of  litigation  and, 
Btapiiityis  gradually  destroying  and  covering 
up  all  the  extraordinary  structures,  built  by 
tbe  miners  at  enormous  cost,  rEqairiog  years  in 
their  construction,  so  deep  that  unless  some  r^* 
lief  can  be  had  by  legislation,  they  will  soon 
be  so  buried  and  destroyed  that  they  will 
never  again  be  utilized,  and  tbe  gold  contained 
in  these  vast  treasuries  will  remain  there  for 
all  time. 

The  vast  water  reservoirs  with  'the  thou- 
sands of  miles  of  deep  tunnels  will  never  again 
be  reconstructed,  if  now  allowed  to  fall  into 
disuse  and  decay;  and  the  gold  will  remain 
locked  up  where  it  is  until  wiser  counsels  pre- 
vail. 

The  Canas  Mining  Concession. — Mr.  Fer- 
nando BsteCa  de  la  Pona  returned  Wednesday 
from  a  trip  occupying  28  days  to  the  Cooopah 
country,  60  miles  east  by  north  of  Atamo, 
where  the  mining  territory  recently  conceded 
by    the  Government    to  Eagenio   I.  Oanas   is 


located.  Mr.  Beteta  haa  abend  on  the  proper- 
ty. He  made  a  thorough  examination  of  the 
territory  embraced  in  the  concession  and  found 
it  to  be  very  valuable  both  in  placers  and 
ledgea,  and  is  confident  that  it  will  prove  to  be 
a  grand  property.  There  is  an  abundance  of 
water  for  all  ordinary  purposes,  but  not  enough 
to  carry  on  mining  operations  on  a  large  scale, 
and  Mr.  B&teta  will  proceed  to  dig  wells  in  the 
most  favorable  locations.  He  states  that  excel- 
lent water  oan  be  procured  at  from  five  to  20 
feet  below  the  surface  and  in  large  quan- 
tities. He  also  states  that  his  company  will 
probably  begin  active  work  on  the  property 
within  60  days. — Lower  Californian. 


.Valuable  Deposits. 

Glass  Sand.  Coal  and  Porcelain  Clay  at 
Lincoln. 

A.  H.  Gates,  who  lives  near  Lincoln,  fur- 
nishes the  Auburn  Herald  with  the  following 
particulars  relative  to  the  glass  industry  aoon  to 
be  developed  at  that  place.  The  tract  in 
which  the  deposits  named  are  found  was  re- 
cently sold  by  the  Backeye  Mill  Company  of 
Marysville :         . 

'*  Borings  have  been  made  this  fall  nnder  his 
directions,  on  the  property  where  the  old  coal 
mine  la  aituated,  for  sand  anitable  for  manu- 
facturing glasa.  The  anticipationa  of  the 
projectors  have  more  than  been  realized,  as 
sand  of  the  purest  quality  haa  been  found  in 
large  quantities  and  at  various  places.  This 
sand,  it  has  been  found,  is  in  one  distinct  layer, 
and  occupies  one  entire  40-acre  tract.  It  Iicb 
at  a  depth  of  from  13  to  IS  feet  below  the  sur- 
face, and  is  from  three  to  six  feet  in  thickness. 
It  is  95  per  cent  silica  and  ia  as  clear,  as  Mr. 
Gates  expreeaee,  as  the  water  of  a  mountain 
spring.  The  projectors  have  calculated  that 
there  ia  sand  enough  in  this  one  layer  to  run 
a  factory  100  years  with  an  output  of  20  tons  of 
glass  per  day.  Below  this  sand  deposit  ia  one 
of  coal,  which  is  from  S  to  10  feet  in  thickness. 
A  pound  of  this  coal  haa  been  found  undnr  a 
rigid  test  to  yield  four  cubic  feet  of  gas.  The 
coal  will  be  naed  to  run  the  engine  and  the  gaa 
to  melt  the  sand.  Between  the  sand  and  the 
ooal  is  a  deposit  of  fine  porcelain  clay,  which 
in  some  portions  ia  three  feet  thick.  The  clay 
is  of  various  shades  of  color,  being  pink  in  some 
places  and  dark  gray  in  others.  When  burned 
it  becomes  pure  white.  Before  this  report 
reaches  the  readers  of  tbe  Herald  a  company 
will  have  been  formed  with  a  capital  of  $500,- 
000.  A  factory  will  be  erected  on  the  land,  and 
operations  will  JDegin  at  an  early  day.  This 
means  employment  for  a  large  nnmber  of  bands, 
and  will  add  greatly  to  the  prosperity  of  Lin- 
coln. The  company  intends  to  manufacture 
plate-glass  exclusively,  and  will  have  a  good 
thing  though  they  charge  the  coat  of  tranapor- 
tation  and  the  rate  of  duty  only." 


A  Gold  Medal.  —  James  D.  Schuyler  re- 
ceived notice  yesterday  morning  that  a  gold 
medal  bad  been  awarded  him,  but  his  nu- 
merous friends  were  not  engaged  in  con- 
gratalating  him  during  the  day.  In  fact,  they 
did  not  know  anything  about  it,  for  the 
modesty  of  the  member  of  the  Board  of 
Public  Works  kept  him  from  informing  his 
friends  of  the  distinction  which  had  been  con- 
ferred upon  him.  A  Union  reporter,  however, 
unearthed  the  facts,  and  found  that  Mr,  Schuy- 
ler, who  ia  a  member  of  the  American  Society 
of  Civil  Engineers,  has  been  awarded  what  la 
known  as  the  Normal  Gold  Medal,  it  being  the 
first  prize  for  a  paper  read  by  Mr.  Schuyler  be- 
fore the  annual  convention  of  the  society  Octo- 
ber 17,  1888,  The  paper,  which  has  been  pub- 
lished in  pamphlet  form  and  illnetrated,  is  en- 
titled **  The  Oonatruction  of  the  Sweetwater 
Dam."  The  last  meeting  of  the  society,  at 
which  the  above-mentioned  medal  was  awarded 
to  Mr.  Schuyler,  has  jast  been  held  in  New 
Hiven,  Conn. — San  Diego   Uvion. 


Honduras  Mines.  —  Tne  Honduras  Gold 
Placer  Mining  Company  has  executed  a  lease  of 
their  five-mile  concession  on  the  Gayape  river 
to  the  Honduras  Gold  Company.  The  agree- 
ment dates  from  Ootober  1st  last.  By  this  ar- 
rangement it  ia  stated  that  the  same  amount 
of  gold  will  be  taken  out  of  the  one  claim  that 
would  have  been  taken  out  of  two  aeparate 
claims,  thus  effecting  the  saving  of  tbe  cost  of 
turning  the  additional  claim,  and  also  avoiding 
any  trouble  that  might  have  arisen  from  the 
labor  question,  tailings,  back-water,  or  other 
points  of  difference  that  aometimea  arise  be- 
tween rival  companies.  The  Honduras  Gold 
Placer  Mining  Company  will  receive  one-half  of 
the  net  profits  of  the  Honduras  Gold  Company, 
besides  acquiring  a  half-interest  in  the  extra 
2000  varas  that  have  been  turned  over  to  that 
company,  and  their  directors  have  also  an 
equal  voice  in  the  control  of  the  finances. 


Stock  Exchange  Committees,  —  The  fol- 
lowing committeea  have  been  appointed  by  the 
president  of  the  San  Francisco  Stock  and  Ex- 
change Board:  Executive— A.  W.  Foster,  J. 
H.  Crocker,  George  I.  Ives,  Thomas  Whetesa 
and  George  W.  Cope,  Finance— A.  F.  Ooffia, 
C.  E.  Pixtoa  and  Geo.  W.  Kelly.  Stnck  List 
—Job.  Marke,  A.  G.  Gurnetc,  H.  H.  Noble,  E. 
P.  Murphy  and  Werner  Stauf.  Cammiasion 
and  Rales— CoU  Deane,  H.  H.  Shinn  and  E, 
Epstein. 


Utah's  Metal  Product  for  1889. 

"Wells,  Fargo  &  Co.'s  Statement  of  tbe  Mineral  Product  of  0tali  for  1889. 


Germania  Lead  Works  . . . 

Hauauer  Smelter 

Mingo  Furnace  Co 

Daly   Miaing  Co 

Ontario  Silver  Mininf?  Co. , 

Silver  Retf  District 

Other  Mines  and  Piacers, . 


Net  Product  Bars  and  Base  Bullion 

Contents  Ore  Shipped 

Contents  Copper  Oie  Bullion  and  Matte  Shipped 


9^ 

o  a* 


63S,6L0 


4,761,63(5 
9,260.000 
11,278, 
2,124,841 
2,604,280 


30,029,497 
2:j,380,048 
1,012,185 


a? 


764,357 

972  442 

134,407 

6,200 

1,877,406 


372.875 
562,650 
692,517 
430,770 
989,622 


3,048,434 

2,103,111 

118,705 


5,270,250 


19,051 
4,S'J6 


RECAPITULATION. 

2,060,792  lbs.  Copper,  at  10  cents  per  lb $   206.079  20 

2.359,540  lbs.  Refioed  Lead  at  S'O- 100  cents  per  lb 89,662  52 

59,421,730  lbs.  Unrefined  Lead  at  S46.40  per  ton  1,378,S84  13 

7,147,651  ozs.  Fine  Silver  at  SO  93i  per  oz ...   6,6  >6, 254  65 

24,975  0Z9.  Fine  Gold  at  §20  per  oz 499,500  00 

Total  Export  Value , . . .  j. ". SS.S^u.OSO  50 

Computing  tbe  Gold  and  Silver  at  their  mintvalaation  and  other  metals  at  their  value  at  the  seaboard,  it  would 
increase  the  value  of  the  product  to  §12,352,414,53 


Comparative  Statement,  showing  the  quantity  of  Silver  and  Gold  contained  in  base  bullion  and  ores  produced  in 
Utah: 


Total  Ounces 
of  Silver 
Produced. 


Total  Ounces 

of  Gold 

Produced. 


Ounces  of  Silver 
in  Ores  and 
B^ee  Bullion. 


1830 
1831 

18S2 
IS  53 
1S84 
1SS5 
1886 
18S7 
1838 
1SS9 


3.783, 
5,400 
S,435. 
4,58i; 
5,669, 
5,972 
5,918, 
6,161, 
6,178, 
7,147, 


,444 
,763 


,842 
,737 
,855  , 
,651 


8,020 
7,95S 
9.039 
6,991 
5.530 
8,903 
10,577 
11,387 
13,886 
24,975 


1,403.819 
2,643,899 
2,581,789 
2.351,190 

3,2r.3,9S4 
3,189,576 
2,338,263 
4,049,273 
3.982.217 
5,270,250 


Ounces  of  Gold 
in  Ores  and 
Base  Bullion. 


2,878 
2,622 
5,016 
5,597 
3,806 
7,289 
8.369 
10,714 
12,854 
24,336 


Per  Cent  of 

Total  Silver 

Product. 


Per  Cent  of 
Total  Gold 
Product. 


37.1-10 
48.9-10 
47.3-10 
5L8-10 
57.4-10 
53.410 
47.9-10 
((5.7-10 
64.4-10 
73.7-10 


35.8-10 

32.9  10 

55.5-10 

80. 

68.8-10 

81. 8-10 

79.1-10 

94 

92.5-10 

97 


i 


Comparative  statement  of  the  value  of  lead  bulliou,  including  silver  and  fjold  necesaarily 
manufacture  west  of  the  Missouri  River,  compiled  from  the  annual  reports  issued  ^y  John  J. 
President  and  General  Manager.  Wells,  Fargo  &  Co.,  San  Franeiseo, 


produced  in  its 
Valentine,  Vice- 


1881 
1882 
1883 
1SS4 
1885 
18S« 
1587 
188S 


Total  Value  ofTtreeious 

Metals,  including 

Lead. 


S°4,604,«7 
i)2,411,835 
90,813,612 
34,975,954 
90,181,260 
103,011,761 
104,646,959 
114,341,592 


Total  Value  of  Lead  Bullion, 

including  Gold  and 

Silver  Contents. 


§30,2.53,430 
35,793  750 
34,810,022 
31,191,250 
35,731,711 
44.635  656 
41,595  853 
38,004,826 


Per  Cent  of  Entire 
Product. 


35.8  10 
38.7.10 
38. 6-10 
:;6  7-10 
30.610 
43.3-10 
39.7-10 
33.2-10 


The  metals,  lead,  silver  and  gold  are  obtained  in  small  quantities  in  almost  all  the  productive  mines  located  in 
this  inter-mountain  reEion.  The  ores  are  mostly  low  jrrade,  and  the  assimilation  of  the  metals  causes  the  proce  -a 
of  smelting  to  be  tbe  favorite  and  most  economical  nietbod  of  reduction.  This  fact  will  explain  the  increase  in  the 
percentage  of  gold  and  silver  produced  in  the  manufacture  of  base  bullion.  It  demonstrates  conclusively,  that 
any  legislation,  having  for  its  object  the  repeal  of  the  present  tariff  on  lead,  or  the  placing  of  the  product  of  lead 
or  lead  ores  on  the  free  list,  must  diminish  its  production,  and  decrease  in  the  same  ratio  the  gold  and  silver  prod- 
uct of  the  United  States.  This  injury  to  our  yreat  milling  industry  ia  augmented  by  the  action  of  the  Treasury 
Department  in  admitting  foreign  ores  (notably  from  Mexico)  free  of  duty  under  a  strained  and  doubtful  interpreta- 
tion of  the  present  laws. 


Stewart's  Mining  Bill. 

A  correspondent  of  the  Georgetown  (El 
JDjrado  county)  Gazette  B&ye  : 

We  have  before  us  a  copy  of  what  is  termed 
Stewart's  Mining  Bill— "  to  amend  Chap.  Six 
of  the  U,  S.  Revised  Statutes,  relating  to  min- 
eral lands  and  mining  resources." 

After  an  experience  in  various  kinds  and  meth- 
ods of  mining  since  1849,  and  the  practical  work- 
ings of  the  different  laws  and  regulations  which 
have  from  time  to  time  been  adopted,  I  sub- 
mit the  following  in  reference  to  the  proposed 
bill: 

That  portion  of  Section  2324,  R.  S,,  to  be 
amended  so  far  as  relates  to  change  of  time, 
viz.  :  *'  The  year  within  which  the  annual 
labor  or  improvements  reqaired  to  be  perform- 
ed or  made  by  this  section  shall  commence  at 
12  o'clock  meridian,  on  the  lat  day  of  October  of 
each  year' — and  further  on  in  said  section,  *'In 
case  the  first  day  of  Ootober  falls  on  Sunday, 
or  any  holiday,  the  following  secular  day  shall 
be  oonstrned  as  the  first  day  of  October  within 
the  meaning  of  this  Act " — no  doubt  would 
prove  of  real  benefit,  and  correct  some  of  the 
loo&enesB  and  misunderstanding  of  the  present 
law. 

That  portion  of  the  proposed  bill  making 
distinction  between  placer  and  lode  claims — the 
term  placer  embracing  surface,  drift  and  seam 
diggings,  lode  that  of  quartz  only;  surface  and 
drift  merge  into  each  other,  seams  and  lode 
into  quartz— that  only  $25  worth  of  labor 
shonla  be  required  to  be  performed  on  the 
former  (placer)  and  $100  worth  of  labor  on  the 
latter  (quartz),  seems  hardly  just,  as  these 
claims  embrace  the  same  areas,  20  acres  each, 
and  the  same  surroundings  according  to  loca- 
tion. Either  assess  the  reqaired  labor  to  be 
performed  on  each  at  $25  or  SlOO.  The  amount 
really  makes  little  or  no  diflference,  but  should 
be  equal.  The  remaining  portion  of  the  bill  is 
only  ingenious  tinkering  or  paraphrasing  of  the 
present  law.  With  the  change  above  noted, 
tbe  present  law  answers  all  practical  pur- 
poses, and  no  farther  amendments  onght 
to  pass. 

It  ia  difficnlt  to  those  who  have  been  engaged 
in  mining  these  many  years  to  understand  the 
neoeesity  of  putting  the  mining  interest  into 
strait-jackets  or  being  corraled  by  barb-wire 
surroundings,  which  is  not  applied  to  other  oc- 
cupants of  the  pnblic  domain. 

The  wise  and  early  course  pursued  by  the 
Government  in  allowing  the  miner  the  free  use 
of  the  mineral  lands  for  exploration  should  re- 
lieve him  from    being    considered  a  highway 


by 


robber,   to    be    pursued    year    after    year 
ignorant  legislators  or  bribed  officials. 

If  any  legislation  is  necessary  to  advance  the 
mining  industry,  it  is  in  the  direction  of  re- 
stricting the  action  of  railroads  within  railroad 
grants  by  setting  up  their  filse  and  fraudulent 
claims  to  lands  known  to  be  mineral,  and  their 
persittint  attemptto  secure  the  same  by  exhaust- 
ing the  energies  and  means  of  those  engaged  in 
tbe  oconpation  of  mining.  Their  ioflaenoe  with 
the  local  land  offi'^ers  seems  omnipotent. 


Nevada's  Salt  jUountaiks. — The  paltmonn- 
t»iD8  located  on  ihe  banks  of  the  Rio  Virgin,  an 
affluent  of  the  Colorado  river  in  Lincoln  oonn- 
ty,  Ntv.,  cover  an  area  of  25  miles,  extending 
to  within  beven  miles  of  the  junction  of  that 
stream  with  the  Oolorado.  The  salt  they  con- 
tain is  pure  and  white  and  clearer  than  glass, 
and  it  is  said  that  a  piece  seven  or  eight  inches 
thick  is  sometimes  clear  enough  to  see  through 
to  read  a  newspaper.  Over  the  salt  is  a  layer 
of  sandstone  from  two  to  eight  feet  thick,  and 
when  this  is  torn  away  the  salt  appears  like  a 
huge  snowdrift.  How  deep  it  is  has  not  yet 
been  ascertained,  but  a  single  bias*;  of  giant 
powder  will  blow  out  tons  of  it.  Under  the 
cap-rock  have  been  discovered  charred  wood 
and  charcoal,  and  matting  made  of  cedar  bark, 
which  the  salt  has  preserved,  evidently  the 
camp  of  prehistoric  man. 


The  Elkhorn  Mming  Co.,  Jefferson  county, 
Mont.,  was  organized  in  1883,  and  the  divi-  . 
dends  paid  out  during  the  last  year  amounted 
to  $180  000,  The  property  has  just  been  sold 
to  the  Mining  and  Financial  Trust  Syndicate 
(limited),  London,  for  $560,000.  The  property 
(Embraced  in  the  inventory  of  purchase  includes 
90  acres  of  groand,  a  well-equipped  mill,  good 
machine-shop,  hoist  and  all  the  snppUea  and 
stores  on  hand. 


Silver  Discount  — T&e  discount  on  silver 
bullion  reduced  the  coin  value  of  the  Bpopmber 
yield  of  the  Hale  and  Norcross  mine  $12,000. 
The  discount  on  the  yield  of  the  Con.  CiL  and 
Va.  for  that  month  was  $42,450.  The  dis- 
count on  the  entire  December  yiald  of  the  lode 
footed  up  $102,000— more  than  one-sixth  of  the 
amount  of  the  total  product. 

A  Tacoma  Dispatch  aaya  at  least  ten  human 
beings  and  thousands  of  cattle  and  sheep  have 
perished  in  the  blizzirds  which  have  raged  over 
the  State  of  Washington  since  the  first  of  the 
year.  Raports  from  Colville  reservation  are 
that  cattle  are  dying  by  hundreds  from  starva- 
tion and  thirst. 


Feb.  1,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press.- 


7a 


Snow-Shoeing;  in  the  Sierra. 

The  oontioaed  itormy  weather  in  the  moaot- 
ainoaa  portions  of  California  haa  broaght 
enow-8ho68  into  prominence,  since  they  are  now 
being  used  in  so  many  places  by  men  to  pack 
in  snpplies  where  the  roads  are  blockaded. 
The  snow-shoea  used  here  are  very  different 
from  those  in  nse  in  Canada.  SnoW'Sboes  for 
traveling  in  California  are  from  S  to  12  feet 
long,  3^  to  4  inches  wide,  and  I:i  ioohee  thick 
in  the  center.  They  are  tapeied  at  the  top 
from  near  the  middle  to  onefoortb  of  an  inch 
in  thickness  at  the  toes,  and  nearly  flat.  Tbe 
toes  are  turned  up  like  slei(;h-rnoDere.  They 
are  nearly  of  aniform  width  from  end  to  end — 
a  little  wider,  if  any,  on  the  front — and  a 
spring  is  worked  in  so  that  without  weights 
they  rest  on  tbe  heels  and  points;  but  when 
the  rider  stands  on  them  tbe  weight  is  some- 
what evenly  distributed  and  a  concave  groove 
is  made  at  the  bottom,  beginniue  near  the  toes 
and  runoiog  to  tbe  heels,  similar  to  the  bottom 
of  the  skates.  Tbe  bottoms  are  highly  pol- 
ished and  tar  is  burned  and  rubbed   in   until  a 


or  no  spring  being  required  on  the  baok  part — 
the  most  essential  being  the  front.  The  olject 
of  this  is  that  in  running  over  rough  places 
there  will  be  no  sudden  jerk,  endangering  the 
equilibrium  of  the  rider,  who  often  attains  a 
speed  of  60  to  SO  miles  an  hour  on  these  shoes. 
They  have  a  tendency  to  "  buck  "  when  going 
over  uneven  snow,  and  the  rider  often  finds 
that  they  are  as  uncertain  ao  all  other  things 
are  here  below. 

Tbe  rider  stands  a  little  back  of  tbe  center, 
hie  feet  being  held  by  toe-straps  of  strong  sole 
leather  or  india-rubber  beltiog,  fastened  to 
either  aide  of  the  ahnn,  and  laoed  where  thef 
meet  over  tbe  foot.  The  toe  of  the  foot  is  put 
into  tbe  straps  back  to  the  ball,  and  in  the  hol- 
low of  the  foot  there  is  a  small  block  inserted 
crosswise  to  prevent  the  foot  slipping  back  ;  but 
this  does  not  prevent  tbe  foot,  when  tbe  heel 
is  raised,  from  being  slipped  out  of  tbe  atrapa. 
The  bottom  of  tbe  shoe  resembles  a  akate  with 
a  groove,  but  instead  of  being  convex,  it  is  con- 
cave. Thia  ia  necessary  to  balance  the  weight 
of  tbe  rider  aa  equally  aa  poasible  from  end  to 
end.  They  are  constructed  on  tbe  principle  of 
skates,  and  to  some  extent  tbe  same  evolutions 
are  practicable,  auoh  as  allowing  the  points  and 


temperature,  up  to  the  frozen,  when  a  hard  dope 
ia  required.  Tbe  manufacturer  rtqairea  consid* 
erable  skill  aud  ingenuity.  A  gieat  deal  de- 
nenda  anon  the  boiling  of  the  dope;  some  re- 
quires hut  a  light  simmer,  enough  to  melt  the 
parts  together,  while  another  requires  a  good 
deal  of  boiling — gum,  beeswax,  rosin,  sperm 
oandle,  and  some  other  materials  make  an  in- 
ferior quality  of  dope,  only  used  for  traTetiog 
purposes,  but  modern  'Migbtning  dope"  is 
manufactured  from  spermaceti,  Burgundy  pitch, 
Canada  pitch,  balsam  of  fir,  spruce,  oedar, 
Venice  turpentine,  oil  of  cedar,  pine,  hemlock, 
tir,  apraoe  and  tar,  glycerine,  Barhary  tallow, 
camphor,  and  oaetor  oil,  and  mtnycoatly  drugs 
known  only  to  those  who  make  it  a  speoialty 
and  its  manufaotore  a  secret.  Oil,  grease,  and 
BQch  material,  one  might  naturally  suppose 
would  cause  a  shoe  to  slip  easily  over  the  enow; 
varnish  or  any  other  polished  material  is  use 
less,  nothing  but  the  acientitio  preparation  will 
do.  It  may  seem  that  a  "snow-sboeist,"  who 
enters  the  arena  for  a  hard  contested  race,  to 
meet  all  tbe  changes  oi  snow,  must  have  a 
oommiaeary  and  neceaaary  varieties  of  dope,  for 
it  is  a  common  saying  among  enow'Shoers  that 
"  Dope  ib  King." 


strange  gyratory  motion  In  tbe  air,  a  thing  not 
uncommon  with  beginners  upon  these  quick 
and  uncertain  carriera. 

Tbe  racing  track,  clear  of  trees,  shrubs  and 
other  obstructions  covered  with  many  feet  of 
anow,  the  more  the  better,  ia  chosen  on  steep 
side  hills  and  ia  about  1000  to  2000  feet  long  with 
angle  of  depresalon  of  15''  to  SS*'  being  alwaya 
in  a  direct  line  and  as  even  aa  posaible.  The 
winning  polea  are  aet  on  tbe  lower  end,  on 
comparatively  even  ground,  in  order  to  give 
the  racers  a  chance  to  brake  up,  after  passing 
through;  which  is  done  by  dragging  tbeir  poles 
behind  the  shoes  and  bearing  heavily  on  them 
in  a  sitting  posture. 

Great  steadiness  la  required  in  riding,  and 
very  perfect  control  over  tbe  ahoes  ;  but  still 
with  all,  the  best  riders  sometimes  plow  the 
snow  and  bound  in  the  air  at  a  fearful  rate. 
Serious  injury  ia  seldom  sustained  from  falling. 
The  greatest  danger  lies  in  other  ridera  oomiog 
in  contact  with  one  falling. 


The  mills  of  the  Citlifornia  Uusiery  Co.  at 
0%kland  have  been  closed  down.  Secretary 
Williams  stated  that  the  general  depression  of 
the  woolen  market  was  tbe  principal  cause  of 


SNOW-SHOB    BAOINQ    IN    THE    SIEBBAS. 


full,  mahogany-like  finish  ia  obtained,  which 
hardens  the  wood,  makes  a  smooth  surface,  and 
attracts  heat  when  exposed  to  the  son — the  lat- 
ter being  a  desideratum  in  patting  on  the 
''dope"  when  traveling. 

A  good  many  years  ago  we  had  in  the  Press 
a  description  of  snow-shoeing  in  the  Sierra, 
written  for  aa  by  C.  W.  Hendel,  the  well- 
known  depaty  mineral  surveyor  of  Sierra  and 
Ptumaa  counties.  With  this  was  a  sketch 
which  we  here  reproduoe  as  appropriate  to  the 
times  and  the  season,  showing  a  snow-shoe  race 
in  the  mountains  of  California, 

Shoes  made  for  racing  are  from  10^  to  13^ 
feet  in  length,  from  3:^  to  4^  inches  in  width, 
wider  on  the  front  part  Lhan  on  the  back. 
Where  the  turn  oommenoea  to  the  heel,  or  back 
end  of  the  ahoe,  there  is  a  fluted  or  concave 
groove  about  |  of  an  inch  deep  at  the  heel  and 
tapering  in  depth  from  the  turn  at  the  point. 
This  groove  is  about  1^  inches  wide,  narrower  at 
back  end  than  in  front.  On  top  of  the  shoes,  a 
little  back  from  the  center,  there  is  about  IS 
inchea  of  wood  left  flat,  and  toward  tbf«  front 
they  are  ahaved  and  planed,  tapering  aafficient' 
ly  to  leave  the  point  springy.  There  is  con- 
siderable wood  left  behind  from  the  center  to 
the  end,  which  makes  the  proper  balance — little 


ourvea  to  deaoribe  a  circle.  Of  courae  they  oan- 
not  be  tarned  ao  easily  or  quickly  aa  akates, 
but  still  they  are  easily  managed  by  experts. 

The  sine  qua  non  of  snow-shoe  racing  la 
"dope."  Thia  is  the  material  used  to  lubricate 
the  bottom  of  the  ahoea  and  cause  them  to  glide 
swiftly  over  the  anow,  as  an  axle  ia  lubricated, 
to  oause  the  wheel  to  revolve  eeaily,  the  object 
being  to  counteract  friction  as  near  as  practi- 
cable. To  such  a  perfection  has  the  manufact- 
ure of  this  article  attained  that  friction  has  to 
a  great  extent  been  overcome. 

The  temperature  of  the  enow  ia  aa  variable 
aa  that  of  the  atmosphere,  and  for  every  tem- 
perature of  snow  a  difi^erent  kind  of  dope  ia  re- 
quired. Every  raoer  haa  at  least  half  a  dczan 
reolpea  for  compounding  the  "dope,"  sometimes 
termed  **  greased  lightning " — one  for  cold 
anow  and  one  for  warm  (?)  or  damp  anow,  as  it 
is  called  by  experts,  as  when  the  enow  la 
heated  by  the  rays  of  tbe  sun;  one  for  dry 
snow  and  one  for  wet,  one  for  hard  and  one  for 
soft;  one  for  forenoon  and  one  for  afternoon; 
for  extreme  oold  or  frozen  snow;  and  for  new 
dry  anow  there  is  still  another  kind  required. 
Some  go  80  far  as  to  have  a  different  kmd  for 
every  hour  of  the  day.  For  moist  snow  the 
dope  la  soft,  and  is  made  harder  for  inorease  of 


The  dope,  in  order  to  be  good,  must  possess 
two  qualities:  First,  it  mast  be  sticky  ao  that 
it  will  adhere  to  the  ahoe.  Second,  slippery,  so 
that  it  will  glide  over  the  snow.  And,  strange 
as  it  may  seem,  they  have  attained  anch  a  de- 
gree of  perfection  in  making  this  oompound 
that  a  enow-shoe  prepared  with  it  and  plaoe*^ 
by  the  aide  of  one  with  tbe  bottom  fluiabed 
with  polished  ateel,  would  ao  far  outrun  it  aa  to 
make  it  no  race  at  all.  In  riding  for  tbe  first 
time  down  a  ateep  hill  on  shoes  so  prepared, 
the  great  nquisiteia  confidence.  Timidity  ia 
fatal,  and  for  one,  on  atarting  down  a  hill,  to 
be  afraid  of  falling,  will  never  do;  he  might 
with  as  much  auccesa  try  to  stem  tho  current  of 
the  Niagara  river  as  to  keep  from  falling  when 
be  thinks  be  may,  or  has  not  confidence  in  him- 
self. In  racing,  it  is  advisable  to  ride  very 
low  upon  the  shoes,  in  what  is  called  the 
**  squatting  "  position,  and  to  hold  the  pole  in 
the  right  hand,  and  in  going  over  any  obatruc- 
tion,  occaaioned  at  times  by  a  tree  lying  acrosa 
the  track  under  tbe  snow,  or  by  the  wind  drift- 
ing and  forming  a  depression  and  elevation, 
which  will,  when  a  anow-ahoeiat  is  going  down 
very  fast,  make  a  considerable  lift;  both  shoes 
and  rider,  and  sometimes  the  shoes  go  on  their 
coarse  alone,    while    tbe    rider    is  making  a 


the  company's  going  out  of  buaineBs,  aa  it  was 
considered  better  to  round  up  the  affairs  of  the 
concern  than  to  run  it  without  proapect.  The 
corjpany  ia  solvent.  The  entire  woolen  mar* 
ket  has  been  at  a  atandatill  for  several  years, 
aud  that  the  directors  decided  not  to  wait  until 
times  impove. 


American  Coke  and  Coal  in  Europe. — The 
Reading  Rtilroad  Co.  ia  reported  to  bb  perfect- 
ing plans  for  exporting  anthracite  coal  to  Euro- 
pean marketa.  Samples  have  been  orepared 
and  will  be  shipped  to  Antwerp.  The  high 
coat  of  this  coal  laid  down  on  tbe  continent,  it 
is  admitted,  will  prevent  any  but  the  wealthier 
claaaes  from  becoming  conanmere  of  it.  The 
price,  it  is  aald,  will  range  from  $8  to  $10  per 
ton.  Similar  action  ia  reported  to  be  contem- 
plated by  large  coke  operators  who,  it  is  said, 
anticipate  developing  some  trade  in  this  product 
with  English  iron  manafacturera. 

What  Is  Latent  Heat?— The  following 
very  good  deflaiDion  ia  given  by  a  ootemporary: 
*' Latent  heat  ia  the  quantity  of  heat  which 
must  be  communicated  to  a  body  in  one  etate  in 
order  to  convert  it  into  another  state  without 
changing  ita  temperatare." 


74 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Feb.  1,  1890 


LQiNlJMG   gUMMAF^Y, 

The  foUowiog  Is  moatly  coudensed  from  joumalB  published 
Id  the  interior,  in  proximity  to  tha  mines  mentioned. 


[The  snow  blockade  on  the  railroad  lines  has  pre- 
vented the  receipt  of  exchanges  from  Oregon,  Wash 
ington,  Idaho,  Montana,  Utah  and  parts  of  Nevada 
and  California,  so  that  we  are  again  this  week,  as 
last,  unable  to  give  our  usual  quantity  of  current 
mining  news.— Eds.  Press.] 


gAIilFORNLA.. 


Sutter  Creek, — Cor.  Amador  Ledger,  Jan.  25; 
Work  at  the  Lincoln  is  to  take  a  more  extensive 
range.  Mr.  Stewart,  satisfied  of  the  existence  of 
another  ledge,  parallel  with  the  one  now  being 
operated,  has  let  a  contract  to  sink  50  feet  to  test 
the  quality  of  the  ore,  which  from  prospects  taken 
from  the  surface  will  reach  a  paying  standard.  The 
mill  has  come  to  a  temporary  standstill  to  await 
more  favorable  weather.  W.  Body,  an  expert  in 
the  management  of  concentrators,  has  arrived  from 
Nevada,  and  is  engaged  for  a  shor.t  time  to  over- 
haul the  Wildman  concentrators.  The  North  Star 
is  running  along  in  its  usual  groove.  They  ar-i 
working  at  the  600  level. -but  in  all  probability  they 
will  conclude  to  return  to  the  8no  level  again  before 
long,  as  it  is  known  by  all  good  miners  that  the  ore 
chimneys  pitch  south,  and  as  they  are  a  consider- 
able distance  south  of  the  South  Spring  Hill  mine, 
the  ledge  may  be  found  at  the  800  or  looo-fool  level. 

Amador. — Cor.  Ledger,  Jan,  25:  The  Keystone 
mine  and  mill  have  shut  down  in  consequence  of 
the  large  amount  of  water  entering  the  mine  this 
winter,  A  steam  pump  in  the  north  shaft  is  unable 
to  cope  with  it.  Prospecting  is  still  continued  in 
the  1400-foot  level.  They  are  also  short  of  wood, 
teams  being  unable  to  travel  over  the  roads.  The 
Gover  mine  has  suspended  operations,  the  supply  of 
powder  having  run  short,  and  there  is  no  way  at 
present  of  getting  it  from  lone.  The  electric  lights 
are  again  lighting  the  South  Spring  Hill,  adding 
much  to  the  appearance  of  this  well-regulated  mill; 
the  stamps  are  dropping  as  regularly  as  ever. 

Keystone. — Amador  Ledger,  Jan.  25:  All  the 
men  employed  at  this  mine  in  extracting  rock  were 
laid  oflF  on  Monday  morning,  owing  to  the  imprac- 
ticability of  keeping  the  mill  going,  and  at  the  same 
time  control  the  largely  increased  flow  of  water  in- 
cident to  the  incessant  rains.  About  eight  men  will 
be  kept  at  work  underground  in  prospecting  opera- 
tions. 

Gardiner.— The  tunnel  which  is  being  run  on 
this  property  has  reached  a  distance  of  over  700 
feet.  Seven  months  have  elapsed  since  Robert 
Stevenson  bonded  the  properly  and  entered  *upon 
the  work  of  its  development.  Under  the  energetic 
management  of  James  Gleasoti,  1000  feet  of  tunnels 
and  drifts  have  been  run.  One  ledge,  10  feet  wide, 
known  as  the  Paugh  ledge,  was  cut  some  time  ago, 
A  few  days  back  another  quartz  body  was  tapped 
by  breaking  into  the  side  of  the  tunnel,  the  thick- 
ness of  which  has  not  been  ascertained.  A  sample 
of  the  rock  from  this  ledge  was  shown  us  this  week. 
It  is  different  from  the  general  character  of  the 
quartz  on  the  mother  lode,  but  yields  a  very  good 
prospect.  The  tunnel  is  now  about  100  feet  from 
the  Union  ledge — its  objective  point.  All  the 
hands  were  temporarily  laid  off  Monday,  owing  to 
the  heavy  snowfall.  There  is  talk  of  putting  up  a 
mill  on  the  mine  the  coming  summer. 

Hardeneukgh.  —  Work  at  the  Hardenburgh 
mine  has  been  suspended  temporarily,  owing  to  the 
impossibility  of  getting  material  for  the  erection  of 
the  hoisting  works.  The  shaft  has  been  retimbered 
down  to  a  point  where  the  timbers  were  found  to 
be  sound.  This  is  all  that  c^n  be  done  until  lim- 
bers for  the  hoist  are  received.  All  work  has  been 
suspended  at  the  North  Gover  mine  until  the 
weather  becomes  more  favorable.  The  Bunker 
Hill  keeps  its  40-stamp  mill  working  steadily,  and 
is  said  to  be  running  satisfactorily. 

The  Amador  gold  mine  continues  to  run  its 
tramway  over  the  Doyle  ground,  notwithstanding 
the  injunction  suit  which  has  been  commenced. 
A  large  force  is  at  work  under  George  Durham 
grading  for  the  track.  Owing  to  the  late  severe 
storms  the  lo-stamp  mill  of  the  Sutter  Creek  mine 
has  been  shut  down.  On  the  tunnel  level  the  water 
is  over  the  track.  They  expect  to  resume  milling 
operations  in  a  few  days. 

OalaversB.    • 

West  Point.— Cor.  Calaveras  Chronicle,  Jan. 
25:  Messrs.  Brown  &  Hurley  started  their  20-stamp 
mill  last  Monday  morning.  They  have  an  abun- 
dance of  rock  on  their  dump  and  we  hope  to  see 
them  make  a  good  cleanup.  It  is  reported  that  Mr. 
Moore  has  found  some  very  rich  rock  in  the  new 
shaft  south  of  the  Blazing  Star.  They  are  now 
taking  out  some  very  rich  rock  at  the  Blazing  Star. 
Mr.  Moore  has  a  large  amount  of  ore  on  the  damp 
ready  for  shipment  as  soon  as  the  weather  and  roads 
will  permit. 

CoppEROPOLis.— Cor.  San  Andreas  ProsJ>t\^ 
Jan.  25:  As  soon  as  the  weather  permits,  an  entire 
renovation  of  the  Union  mine  office  and  chambers 
of  the  superintendent  will  be  made.  Several  new 
rooms  will  be  added  and  porches  will  be  built  over 
the  front  and  sides.  Five  hundred  cords  of  wood 
will  be  cut  and  stacked  for  the  future  use  of  the 
mine.  The  leaching  process  is  going  on  and  so  is 
mining  for  ore.  The  large  smelter  will  soon  be  in 
operation,  and  alarge  force  of  men  will  be  em- 
ployed. 

El  Dorado. 

Black  Sand. — An  important  discovery  has  re- 
cently been  made  in  the  matter  of  tailings,  or  black 
sand  from  cement  gravel,  now  being  worked  by  dif- 
ferent processes  of  reduction.  This  gravel,  as  found 
in  the  old  river  channels,  is  too  hard  to  be  worked 
by  ordinary  sluicing  and  therefore,  in  order  to  ob- 
tain the  gold  contained  in  it,  it  must  be  reduced  by 
machinery.  Not  long  ago,  Mr.  Louis  Landecker, 
principal  owner  of  the  Chili  Ravine  mine  and  mill, 
concluded  that  gold  might  be  escaping,  and  to  test 
the  matter  took  several  pounds  of  tailings  to  Mr. 
Montgomery,  a  practical  assayer  of  this  city,  who 
obtained  gold  from  the  sample  at  the  rate  of  over 
$600  per  ton  of  gravel.  Not  being  fully  satisfied, 
Mr.  Landecker  sent  a  sample  of  the  same  material 


to  Thos.  Price  &  Son,  assayers  of  San  Francisco, 
whose  returns  showed  about  the  same  result,  giving 
over  $600  per  ton.  The  mill  has  ten  stamps,  and 
crushes  about  60  tons  of  cement  gravel  per  day. 
Mr.  Landecker  is  now  improvising  means  by  which 
to  remedy  this  great  loss  01  gold.  Dr.  W.  W.  Stone 
had  a  test  made  from  the  tailings  af  the  Gignac 
mine,  where  a  Bryan  roller-mill  has  been  running  on 
the  same  kind  of  cement  gravel  that  is  found  in  the 
Chili  Ravine  mine,  and  obtained  gold  at  the  rate  of 
$250  per  ton  from  the  gravel.  The  tailings  at  the 
Chili  Ravine  mill  sfeeTned  to  be  more  than  double 
the  value  of  the  material  at  the  Gignac  mine. 
Whether  the  difference  is  caused  by  the  mills,  or  in 
the  richness  of  the  material  worked,  is  a  question; 
in  either  event  the  loss  is  more  than  the  mining  m- 
terest  can  bear,  and  it  is  hoped  that  experiments 
now  being  made  may  stop  this  enormous  loss. 

Nevada. 

No  Damage  to  TiiE  Brunswick.— Grass  Val- 
ley Union,  Jan.  22:  The  report  that  some  of  the 
works  of  the  Brunswick  Mining  Co,  had  been 
crushed  by  the  snow  proved  to  be  incorrect.  Only 
a  shed  was  broken  down,  which  was  of  small  value. 

Another  Mill  Crushed. — Tramcript,  Jan. 
26:  The  Baltic  Co.'s  mill  at  the  Gambrinus  mine 
on  Poorman's  creek,  Eureka  township,  has  been 
crushed  f?  at  by  the  snow.  It  has  been  unused  for 
some  time. 

The  Hydraulic  Item. — Grass  Valley  Union^ 
Jan.  25:  The  Nevada  Herald  published  an  item  a 
few  days  ago  that  information  had  been  received  by 
snow-shoe  line  that  the  large  hydraulic  mines  in  the 
upper  portion  of  the  county  were  running  at  full 
head,  as  the  snow  blockade  made  it  impossible  for 
the  anti-slickens  spies  to  get  into  the  country  and 
obtain  any  knowledge  of  the  work.  Everybody  up 
this  way  understood  that  the  item  was  but  a  joke, 
but  it  has  been  taken  somewhat  seriously  down  be- 
low and  the  officers  of  the  North  Bluomfield.  Ome- 
ga, Eureka  Lake  and  Milton  Mining  Companies,  at 
San  Francisco,  have  felt  called  upon  to  send  a  letter 
to  the  press  denying  that  there  was  any  truth  in  the 
report.  This  was  scarcely  necessary,  as  it  must  be 
evident  to  any  one  who  has  heard  of  the  snow- 
storms that  have  been  prevailing  in  the  mountains 
for  several  weeks  that  it  was  a  physical  impossibility 
to  carry  on  hydraulic  mining,  even  if  there  was  a  dis- 
position to  do  so. 

Some  Water  for  the  Mines.— Grass  Valley 
Union,  Jan.  29:  On  Monday  the  ditch-tender  re- 
ported that  about  150  inches  of  water  was  coming 
into  the  large  reservoir  of  the  South  Yuba  Company 
near  Banner  hill,  which  was  furnished  by  Little 
Deer  creek.  From  this  supply  the  Pittsburg  mine 
expected  to  start  its  pumps  yesterday,  and  in  a  few 
days  more,  when  the  connecting  ditch  is  cleaned  out, 
the  North  Banner  mine  wiUreceive  a  supply  from  the 
same  source.  The  pumps  of  both  mines  have  been 
stopped  for  a  week  or  more  and  the  water  has  been 
rising  in  the  lower  levels.  Superintendept  Skewes 
says  the  North  Banner  can  be  pumped  out  in  two 
weeks  when  they  can  get  water-power  again.  There 
is  no  expectation  that  the  main  line  of  the  South 
Yub  I  canal  can  be  opened  in  less  than  10  days  or 
two  weeks,  with  favorable  weather,  as  there  is  a 
great  depth  of  snow  on  a  portion  of  the  line,  and 
the  suow  will  have  to  be  shoveled  out  of  the  canal. 
In  the  meanwhile  the  supply  of  water  obtained  from 
Little  Deer  creek  will  be  of  some  use  to  the  mines  of 
the  district,  in  aiding  the  pumps,  and  saving  fuel, 
hich  is  scarce  and  difficult  to  obtain.  All  of  the 
mines  that  were  compelled  to  use  steam  to  keep  the 
pumps  going,  have  but  a  scant  supply  of  wood, 

Placer. 

Successful  Engineering  Work.— Placer  Her- 
ald, Jan.  22:  Connection  has  been  made  between 
the  new  and  the  old  works  ^t  the  Mayflower  mine, 
and  the  work  proved  to  be  a  great  success.  The 
survey  came  out  right  to  a  dot  and  the  water  in  the 
old  works  was  tapped  without  the  least  trouble. 
The  surveys  have  all  been  made  by  Ross  E. 
Browne,  and  from  the  beginning  have  proved  cor- 
rect in  the  nicest  particulars.  His  work  included 
three  very  close  calculations.  First,  there  was  the 
connection  in  the  new  tunnel  between  its  mouth 
and  its  shaft:  second,  the  tapping  of  the  channel, 
and  last,  the  connection  with  the  old  works  just  ac- 
complished. 

San  Bernardino. 

Temescal  Tin.— Chino  Champion,  Jan.  25; 
There  is  little  if  any  doubt  but  that  the  famous 
Temescal  tin  mine  will  be  practically  worked  soon. 
Mr,  Robinson,  a  large  owner  in  it,  was  recently  re- 
ported on  his  way  from  England,  whither  he  went 
on  a  cable  dispatch  from  the  intending  purchaser. 
The  English  expert  who  examined  the  property  for 
his  clients  made  a  very  favorable  report— more  fa- 
vorable than  the  owners  of  the  mine  expected.  With 
pottery,  rock,  cement  and  coal  at  South  Riverside, 
coal  and  pottery  at  Elsinore.  and  a  producing  tin 
mine  between,  a  railroad  through  Temescal  can- 
yon will  be  a  necessary   and  a  paying  property. 

Oil  at  Puente.— Ssn  Bernardino  Times-Index, 
Jan.  25:  There  are  14  wells  being  worked  at  Pli- 
enie,  of  an  average  depth  of  1000  feet.  They  are 
situated  high  up  the  sides  of  a  small  canyon  which 
winds  through  the  bosom  of  the  hills,  and  from 
them  the  oil  is  forced  to  two  immense  tanks  at  the 
summit  of  the  range;  from  this  hight  it  is  piped  by 
force  of  gravity  to  a  reservoir  at  a  siding  of  the 
Southern  Pacific  Railroad  seven  miles  distant  and 
about  a  mile  from  Puente  Station.  The  economic 
advantages  which  characterize  the  situation  and 
control  the  working  of  the  enterprise  are  remarka- 
ble, and  they  greatly  enhance  the  value  of  the  prop- 
erty. For  instance,  the  pumps  are  worked  by  13 
steam  engines,  the  steam  for  all  these  being  sup- 
plied by  two  boilers — those  at  wells  i  and  9— the 
steam  being  piped  from  them  to  all  the  engines. 
The  only  fuel  being  required  by  the  two  furnaces  is 
natural  gas  piped  from  the  crossing  of  the  wells, 
supplemented  with  less  than  a  barrel  of  the  crude 
oil  every  24  hours.  The  heavy  cost  of  wood  or  coal 
and  the  expense  of  transportation  and  handling 
that  would  attend  their   use  as  fuel  is  wholly   saved. 

Iron.— San  Diego  Union,  Jan.  23:  There  is 
good  authoiity  for  stating  that  the  two  noted  iron 
mines  in  Sm  Bernardino  county,  known  as  the 
Iron  Chief  and  the  Granada,  have  changed  owner- 
ship. From  the  relation  the  purchasers  bear  to  the 
great  San  Luis  Rey  water  enterprise,  it  is  presum- 
able that  the  mines  were  bought  for  the  purpose  of 
manufacturing  iron  and  steel  water-pipe  to  be  used 
in  distributing  the  water  of  this  great  system.     In 


this  view  the  fact  is  quite  significant,  not  only  as 
showing  the  far-reaching  purposes  of  the  men  con- 
nected with  the  enterprise,  but  also  as  pointing  to 
the  development  of  iron  mines  and  manufactures  as 
an  outgrowth  of  the  water  enterprise.  These  iron 
mines  are  about  a  dozen  miles  from  the  Atlantic 
&  Pacific  railroad  and  can  be  reached  by  a  spur 
from  that  road,  or,  perhaps,  would  be  in  or  near 
the  line  of  the  new  road  to  Salt  Lake.  Not  only 
the  iron  of  Utah,  but  the  iron  Irom  these  mines  also 
will  come  here  if  the  Utah  coal  can  be  brought  here 
to  smelt  and  manufacture  the  ores. 

San  DlBf^o. 

Van  Wert. — Julian  Sentinel,  Jan,  24:  Ferger- 
son  &  Wilson  are  sinking  a  shaft  on  the  Van  Wert 
mine,  north  of  towns-  They  are  down  25  feet  and 
intend  to  keep  going  until  they  strike  it  rich.  There 
has  been  a  large  amount  of  gold  taken  out  of  this 
mine  in  former  days  and  the  boys  have  faith  that  it 
will  pan  out  again.  We  should  not  be  surprised  to 
have  the  pleasure  of  recording  another  rich  strike 
soon. 

Gold  AND  Copper.— San  Diego  Sun^  Jan.  18: 
Some  three  or  four  months  ago,  Wilson  Baldridge 
entered  upon  a  prospecting  tour  of  the  more  prom- 
ising country  in  the  vicinity  of  Alamo,  He  has  re- 
cently returned  to  refit  himself  for  a  more  protracted 
trip.  In  the  course  of  his  explorations  he  carefully 
prospected  many  miles  of  the  country  northwest 
from  the  present  mines,  and  he  claims  to  have  dis- 
covered several  very  promising  leads,  which  will, 
he  thinks,  prove  as  profitable  as  any  yet  opened  in 
Lower  California.  Mr.  Baldridge  will  endeavor  to 
interest  some  moneyed  men  in  that  district,  as  he 
firmly  believes  it  will  yield  as  handsomely  as  the 
Alamo  mines  are  now  doing.  Not  only  did  he  dis- 
cover very  promising  gold  leads,  but  several  rich  in- 
dications of  copper,  which,  he  thinks,  will  assay 
equal  to  any  ever  known  in  California. 

Shasta. 

Lower  Springs.— Cor.  Shasta  Democrat,  Jan. 
22:  The  company  that  is  operating  the  Gage 
place,  on  the  Igo  road,  is  managed  by  Mr.  Beecher. 
He  informs  me  that  the  tunnel  is  now  in  130  feet, 
and  he  expects  to  strike  the  ledge  soon.  The  com- 
pany has  a  shaft  down  upon  the  ledge  over  30  feet, 
and  all  in  good  ore.  The  Swasey  mining  property, 
about  half  a  mile  north  of  the  Beecher  tunnel,  has 
been  sold  to  a  S.  F,  Co.,  and  three  men  are  now 
running  a  tunnel.  Halley's  find,  on  Salt  Creek, 
below  John  Tiffin's  old  hydraulic  mine,  turned  out 
$500  or  less,  Pugh,  of  Salt  Creek,  has  purchased 
the  Kempton  machinery  and  is  placing  it  lower 
down  on  the  creek,  Randel,  of  Redding,  has  the 
working  of  ore  from  John  Tiffin's  mine.  A  young 
butcher  from  Shasta  has  found  a  very  fine  ledge  of 
gold  ore  within  30  feet  of  the  main  ledge,  which 
promises  to  be  of  considerable  importance  to  this 
district.  Dr.  Reese  of  Shasta  is  running  a  deep  cut 
for  the  purpose  of  striking  the  ledge  30  feet  below 
the  surface.  Doc's  mine  is  noted  for  producing  a 
splendid  lot  of  good  ore. 

Calumet.— Redding  Free  Press,  Jan.  25:  The 
very  day  the  Calumet  Co.  was  ready  to  start  its 
new  mill  for  working  by  the  Paul  new  dry  process, 
a  snowslide  carried  away  some  75  feet  of  flume 
which  conveyed  water  to  the  mill,  thus  cutting  off 
their  power;  but  this  did  not  stop  them,  as  they  at 
once  made  connection  with  their  steam-power  and 
started  up. 

Tuolumne. 

Rich. — Tuolumne  /ndependettt,  Jan.  25;  The 
mine  of  A.  B.  Cruickshank,  at  Groveland — the 
M  iry  Ellen — is  developing  into  a  very  rich  property. 
Sixty  feel  below  the  old  level  they  have  struck  the 
rich  shoot  worked  last  year,  which  is  proving  as  val- 
uable as  it  was  found  above.  Some  of  the  rock 
worked  before  went  $60  per  ton,  and  the  present 
strike  is  as  good,  if  not  better. 

Clio.— Some  work  is  now  being  done  on  the  Clio 
mine,  near  Jacksonville.  This  property  produced 
some  very  good  rock  in  early  days;  a  4-(oot  vein  of 
$14  rock  was  not  considered  a  bonanza  then,  but  it 
would  be  now. 

Pocket. — Messrs.  James  Stone  &  Pedro  took 
out  another  pocket  in  their  mine,  at  Brown's  Flat, 
last  week.  The  mme  is  owned  by  Mr.  John  Pedro, 
of  Jamestown,  from  whom  the  mine  is  leased.  We 
are  pleased  to  learn  of  the  young  men's  good  fort- 
une, and  hope  they  will  unearth  many  more.  The 
last  cleanup  was  over  $1500.  It  is  said  that  the 
Gale  &  Wickham  mine,  at  Tuttletown,  has  been 
steadily  yielding  a  golden  harvest.  It  is  reported 
that  the  machinery  for  the  Rawhide  mine  is  about 
completed  at  the  foundry  in  Amador  county,  and 
that  active  work  will  be  commenced  this   spring. 

Dissatisfied. — There  is  a  great  deal  of  dissatis- 
faction among  the  miners  at  the  Golden  Gate  mine, 
for  being  compelled  to  do  single- hand  drilling. 

Maltaian's  chlorination  works  have  started  up 
again,  and  machinery  for  a  quartz  crusher  in  con- 
nection with  the  works,  arrived  this  week. 

Work  on  the  New  Albany  mine  will  be  resumed 
just  as  soon  as  the  weather  will  permit. 

NEVADA. 

Wasboe  Dlacnct. 

Overman,— Z^y  Telegraph,  Jan.  29:  Are  strip- 
ping ore  on  the  1200-toot  level,  near  the  Seg. 
Belcher, 

New  York  Con.— Are  timbering  the  upward 
continuation  of  the  800-foot  level. 

Seg.  Belcher.— Ore  bunches  are  still  showing 
in  the  i20o-foot  level  drift  from  the  winze.  The 
looo-foot  lever  east  crosscut  is  in  porphyry  and 
clay. 

Justice.— Shipped  215  tons  of  ore.  assays  of  bat- 
tery pulp  samples  showing  an  average  value  of 
$23  74  per  ton. 

Alta.— The  mill  stamps  are  hung  up  pending 
repairs.  We  are  sinking  a  winze  below  the  925- 
foot  level  to'cut  the  downward  continuation  of  the 
high-grade  ore  from  the  above  level, 

Utah. — The  explorations  on  the  6oD-foot  level 
were  resumed  Monday,  The  mine  has  a  supply  of 
fuel  on  hand  sufficient  to  kepp  the  hoist  plant  in 
operation  throughout  the  winter. 

Occidental  Con. — Continue  to  extract  ore  of 
good  quality  from  the  stopes  on  the  third  and  fourth 
floors  above  the  400-foot  level.  On  the  450-foot 
level  we  are  extracting  ore  from  the  third  floor. 
The  500-foot  level  east  crosscut  is  discontinued,  and 
a  west  crosscut  has  been  started  70  feet  south  of  No. 


3  raise.  The  550-foot  level  fine,  east  crosscut,  is 
advanced  9  feet  in  porphyry  and  clay,  and  the  west 
crosscut  is  extended  6  feet  in  quartz,  showing  value, 

Tuacarora  Districts 

Nevada  Q\3E.F.i<i.—SHperintendenfs  Report,  Jan. 
25:  The  north  gangway  from  the  6oo-fooi  level  of 
the  North  Belle  Isle  shaft  has  been  advanced  24 
feet.  .  The  rock  is  harder. 

Belle  Isle. — No.  2  crosscut  from  north  gang-, 
way  on  the  350-foot  level  is  extenied  13  feet;  the 
rock  continues  hard.  The  crosscut  near  the  south 
line  on  the  250-foot  level  is  extended  20  feet, 

Navajo. — No.  2  crosscut  from  the  south  drift 
on  the  250-foot  level  is  extended  27  feet;  the  face 
is  about  the  same  as  at  last  report.  The  upraise 
from  the  south  drift  on  150-foot  level  is  extended 
7  feet,     The  vein  contains  much  low-grade  ore. 

North  Commonwealth.— The  north  drift  from 
No.  I  east  crosscut  on  the  first  level  has  been  ad- 
vanced 14  feet,  exposing  fine  ore;  the  face  of  the 
drift  is  all  in  ore.  The  east  crosscut  from  the 
second  level  station  has  been  extended  20  feet.  The 
formation  is  changing,  and  looks  like  the  rock  near 
the  vein, 

Grand  Prize. — The  following  Extensions  have 
been  made  during  the  week:  400-foot  level — The 
west  drilt  from  the  north  crosscut  -is  extended  9 
feet,  and  the  south  drift  from  the  winze  13  feet. 
500-foot  level — The  east  drift  from  the  north  cross- 
cut, 21  feet;  west  drift  from  the  same  crosscut.  27 
feet.  There  is  no  change  in  the  above-mentioned 
workings. 

North  Belle  Isle. — The  north  gangway  on 
the  600-foot  level  is  extended  24  feet.  The  rock  is 
getting  harder.  The  south  drift  from  the  station 
crosscut  on  the  300-foot  level  is  extended  13  feet; 
the  face  is  in  vein  formation.  The  south  inter- 
mediate from  No.  3  chute  above  the  300-foot  level 
is  extended  9  feet.  The  face  shows  high-grade  ore 
of  lair  width. 

Del  Monte.— On  the  first  level  the  drift  started 
to  open  up  ore  in  the  east  crosscut  is  in  9  ffet. 
The  ore  is  high  grade  and  looks  well.  The  joint 
crosscut  on  the  Sfcond  level  is  extended  30  ftet, 
and  is  b-^ing  pushed  to  reach  the  vein.  Th-;  north 
drift  on  the  third  level  is  extended  5  feet,  making 
the  total  44;  there  is  good  ore  the  entire  distance. 
Everything  about  the  mine  is  working  well. 

Commonwealth.— On  the  first  level  the  east 
drift  from  No.  i  north  drift  is  extended  15  feet. 
The  west  drift  from  the  same  point  i^  extended  15 
feet.  No.  I  upraise  is  up  31  feet.  No.  2,  16  feet, 
and  No.  3,  15  feet,  all  three  showing  high-grade 
ore.  The  opening  from  No.  n  chute  is  in  a  dis- 
tance of  23  feet  and  is  ready  for  sloping.  The 
north  drift  from  No.  5  chute  is  extended  ir  feet, 
with  but  little  change.  The  stopes  on  the  first, 
second  and  third  levels  are  all  looking  well.  We 
sent  490  tons  of  ore  to  the  concentrators,  the  aver- 
age assiy  being  $18.24  per  ton,  and  the  average  of 
concentrations  $266  per  ton.  One  day  was  lost  ■  on 
account  of  the  storm.  The  mill  is  running  well. 
Bullion  was  shipped  to  the  value  of  $14,952.70. 
Bullion  is  on  hand  valued  at  $17,000,  and  will  be 
shipped  to-morrow.  Everything  about  the  mine 
and  mill  is  working  smoothly. 

ARIZONA. 

The  Total  Wreck. — Tucson  Citizen,  Jan.  16: 
The  principal  mines  of  this  district  are  the  Total 
Wreck  mine,  the  Red  Rock,  the  Justice,  the  Den- 
ver and  the  Prosperity,  all  of  which  have  been  pro- 
ducers of  the  paying  ores.  The  first  mine  discov- 
ered in  this  district  was  the  Justice  mine,  some 
time  in  1876.  This  mine  has  been  worked  month'y 
on  tribute  by  leasers,  who  have  always  derived  a 
large  profit  from  their  leases.  Next  in  prominence 
was  discovered  the  Total  Wreck  mine.  This  mine 
has  been  alarge  producer  of  silver,  yielding  about 
$300,000  in  bullion.  This  mine  following  the  vein 
has  been  worked  to  a  depth  of  650  feet.  At  this, 
the  lowest  depth,  the  ledge  is  over  50  feet  in  width 
but  of  low  grade.  Latterly,  during  October  and 
November  of  i88g,  work  has  been  done  on  a  hith- 
erto undeveloped  part  of  the  mine,  between  the 
350  foot  level  and  450-foot.  This  work  has  devel- 
oped ores  richer  ihan  any  yet  discovered  in  the 
mine,  several  carloads  of  which  have  bpen  shipped 
to  El  Paso,  Texas.  All  familiar  with  the  Total 
Wreck  mine  pronounce  it  a  valuable  property  and  _ 
cannot  understand  why  it  is  hot  continuously  ' 
worked.  There  is  one  of  the  best  mills  in  the  Ter- 
ritory, built  right  at  the  mine,  belonging  to  this 
property,  two  steam-hoisting  works  and  extensive 
pumping  machinery  to  supply  water  to  mill  and 
mine.  The  supply  of  water  is  inexhaustible.  Every 
appliance  for  the  economical  working  of  the  rame 
and  mill  is  attached  to  this  valuable  property. 

Gold,— Prescott  Courier^  Jan.  21:  The  storm 
caused"  the  Oro  Bella  mill  to  suspend  action  for  a 
couple  of  davs.  It  is  now  knocking  gold  out  of 
quaitz.  The  Ryland  mill  is  crushing  away.  The 
Congress  and  Quartz  mountain  mills  are  running 
day  and  night,  John  McDonald  recently  shipped  a 
big  lot  of  rich  silver  ore  through  ihe  Prescott  ore 
works  from  the  famous  Blue  Dick  mine.  He  will 
follow  this  shipment  with  another  shortly.  The 
purchase  of  the  Gray  Eagle  mine  gives  the  Oro  ' 
Bella  Co.  two  very  fine  ledges.  E.  S.  Junior  and 
— ■ —  Brittingham  have  plenty  of  shipping  ore  on 
their  dumps  in  Bradshaw  mountain,  AH  our  min- 
ers believe  that  a  great  mining  camp  will  soon 
spring  up  on  Hassayampa  creek,  near  the  Senator, 
Dave  Grubb's  ledges,  Harlan's,  Flints,  Ross'  and 
other  mines.  Frank  Moss  of  the  juniper-mine,  An- 
telope mountain,  tells  the  Phoenix  Herald  KYia.\.\i& 
panned  out  a  nice  gold  nugget  from  surface  dirt 
which,  for  an  average  depth  of  six  inches  all  over 
the  claim,  is  placer  ground  worth  $15,000.  Mr. 
Palmer,  ex-superintendent  of  the  Congress  mine,  re- 
ported $285,000  in  sight  on  the  claim  from  present 
development. 

Different  Camps. — Mohave  Miner.  Jan.  25: 
John  Barrv  has  several  men  at  work  on  the  Minne- 
sota. J.  O'Brif  n  has  a  big  streak  of  galena  on  the 
Schuylkill.  Geo.  Roster  is  getting  some  very  fair 
grade  copper  ore  from  the  old  stopes  of  the  AUatta. 
Sample  and  Jamison  now  have  the  Bonanza  of 
Layne  Springs,  14  inches  of  450-oz,  ore.  Shippee 
and  Sherick  are  taking  out  some  fair  grade  ore  from 
the  paymaster.-  on  a  lease,  Uncapher  and  Finegan 
struck  it  good  on  a  new  location  near  the  foot  of 
the  Ithaca  peak.  Geo.  Dyke  and  Chas.  FroHch 
have  a  good  streak  of  ore  in  their  lopation  just   east 


Feb.  1,  18&0.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


^5 


of  the  Connor.  Ihe  whole  face  of  the  tunnel  on 
the  Empire  is  ifi  very  rich  ore.  showing  much  native 
and  ruby  stiver.  Rogers  and  brinkly  are  driving 
the  tunnel  on  the  Aj.ix  and  are  taking  out  some  rici 
chloride  ore.  Unn  Sherman  has  a  carload  of  lead 
OD  the  Rainbow,  which  be  will  ship  as  soon  as  the 
roads  and  trails  get  in  trav«-ling  condition.  Mac- 
kenzie's boDanz\  oo  the  Cupd  is  getting  bitjger 
every  day,  and  25  m^n  are  knocking  it  out  and 
bringing  it  to  the  surface  at  a  lively  rite.  Moisting 
works  have  been  bought  for  the  Oro  Plata,  and  will 
be  erected  at  once.  It  is  report^-d  that  C.  E  Sher- 
man has  leased  the  Distaff  mine  in  Chloride  lo  I>.*n- 
ver  parties,  who  also  have  a  bond  on  the  c>aim  and 
will  imniediitely  be^ia  work  on  it.  The  miin  shall 
on  the  Tuckyhoe  ii  b^ing  sunk  as  rapidly  as  the  bad 
weather  will  admit,  and  the  ore  is  iniproving  in 
quality  as  wf  II  as  in  quantity  at  each  successive  foot 
in  depth.  Park  and  Hudgt-ns  have  a  lease  and 
bo^d  on  the  Sibbath  Be'l  near  Mineral  Park  and 
have  several  men  at  worii  sinking  the  shaft.  They 
have  about  four  inches  of  rich  ore  in  the  bottom,  J, 
W.  Marshall  is  driving  the  lower  tunnel  on  the  Pix- 
ley  and  has  struck  somr  rich  rock.  The  Pixley  is  a 
parallel  vein  with  the  Nii;ht  M  iwk,  and  is  a  i2-foot 
vein  o(  orr  lying  between  a  dyke  of  porphyry  and 
the  granite.  It  is  reported  that  Geo.  Biwers  has 
bought  out  Mrs.  Terry's  intert-si  in  the  Night 
Hawk,  and  he  will  put  hoisting  works  on  the  mine 
and  sink  the  shaft.  Robert  .Meara  and  J.is.  Cad- 
den  will  start  operations  on  the  Kanawha  belle. 
This  claim  has  produced  and  has  in  sight  some  of 
the  richest  ore  ever  produced  in  the  county.  Heim- 
rod  &  MacDufTce  have  purcha-sed  a  one-half  interest 
in  the  Sunset  mine,  near  Chloridt*.  from  B,  McCall, 
and  have  started  to  sink  a  new  shaft.  They  have  a 
good  st'eak  of  exceptionally  rich  ore  to  sMrt  on. 
C.  A.  Park  has  obiained  a  new  lease  on  the  t^ueen 
B?e  and  Ihey  will  put  up  some  kind  of  hoisting 
works  and  sink  the  shaft  down  150  feet  deeper  be- 
fore summer.  The  bottom  of  the  lOO-foot  drift  on 
this  claim  has  a  showing  of  an  average  of  six  inches 
of  ore  for  150  feel  in  length  without  a  break — ore 
that  has  been  working  from  285  to  600  oz3.  silver, 
aod  from  >i  to  4  ozs,  in  gold.  Scores  of  other 
claims  are  being  worked  all  over  the  district  and  are 
producing  more  ore,  and  better  ore,  than  ever  be- 
fore in  the  histoiy  of  the  county,  and  on  the  whole 
there  nev(^r  was  a  time  since  the  first  discovery  of 
ore  in  Mohave  county  when  there  was  a  brighter 
outlook  or  more  activity  in  mining  affairs  than  at 
present,  and  every  one  feels  sflnguine  thai  by  the 
time  summer  comes  there  will  be  ten  times  as  many 
men  at  work  in  the  mines  and  ten  times  as  much 
ore  being  produced  as  has  ever  b^en  before. 

.  COLORADO. 

Tklluride.— Cor.  Denver  /Republican,  Jan.  25 
Telluride  is  in  a  fair  way  to  enjoy  the  boom  which 
will  reach  us  in  the  spring.  Companies  engaged 
in  mining  are  making  preparations  to  keep  up  wiih 
the  times,  and  in  Grey's  basin  a  new  stamp-mill  will 
be  built.  Two  mills  in  Turkey  Creek  basin  are 
now  ordered  and  will  be  in  at  an  early  day.  Judge 
C^rtiga^,  the  sole  owner  of  the  Belmont  mine,  is 
thinking  of  putting  in  an  electric  plant  and  mill, 
and  the  Sheridan  mill  will  run  its  full  capacity  of  40 
stamps.  The  Sheridan  tunnel,  one  of  the  greatest 
undertakings  the  San  Juan  has  ever  known,  will  be 
driven  through  a  mountain  a  di-iance  of  about  3300 
feet  to  connect  with  the  shaft  on  the  Sheridan  mine, 
and  will  be  finished  in  April  if  all  goes  well.  This 
tunnel  will  tap  the  vein  at  a  depth  of  400  feel  lower 
than  the  present  workings  and  is  expected  to  open 
up  an  immense  body  of  ore.  The  Gold  King  now 
has  a  small  force  at  work  taking  out  ore,  and  as 
soon  as  water  can  be  removed  the  mill  will  start 
up  again,  and  an  increased  force  of  miners  put  at 
work.  The  lUium  mill  at  Ophir  will  soon  begin 
pounding  away  on  Single  Standard  and  El  Mundo 
ore  again.  From  the  large  amount  of  snow  that  has 
fallen  your  correspondent  is  warranted  in  saying 
that  thft  placers  down  the  Miguel  river  will  keep  pace 
with  ore  lode  claims,  as  several  of  them  are  now  in 
the  hands  of  companies  who  can  and  will  work  them 
if  water  c^n  be  bad. 

NEW  MEXICO. 


Hermos.\.  —  Kingston  Shaft,  Jan.  18:  The 
Pelican  mine  is  showing  up  better  than  at  any  time 
for  the  past  six  months,  although  from  3010  40  tons 
of  ore  have  been  shipped  from  this  mine  every 
month.  Considering  the  high-grade  character  of 
this  ore,  what  mine  in  the  country  is  doing  better  ? 
Culver  and  Knapp  have  taken  a  lease  on  the  An- 
telope. They  commenced  work  the  first  of  the 
year.  Some  of  the  leasers  on  this  claim  are  doing 
fairly  well.  Dr.  North  and  Wm.  Hall  have  taken 
a  lease  on  the  Ocan  Wave,  and  have  good  ore  lo 
start  on.  E.  F.  Holmes  has  purchased  the  Wm. 
Dunn  interest  in  the  Argonaut  mine,  which  was 
owned  by  Drake  ik.  Dunn.  Extensive  developments 
mav  be  expected  on.  this  claim. 

Hachita.—  Weslern  Liberal,  Jan.  24:  John 
Dsnnison  was  up  from  Hachita  yesterday  and  re- 
ports matters  as  very  qu  et  in  that  camp. 

The  Carlisle  Co.  has  enough  ore  rained  to 
keep  its  mill  running  for  several  months,  and  so  has 
■discharged  all  of  its  miners  but  four.  The  company 
now  has  about  40  stamps  dropping  in  its  big  mill, 

FkUE  Vanneks. — R.  B.  Potter,  the  superintend- 
ent of  the  Humboldt  corapiny  at  Shakespeare,  in- 
forms the  Liberal  that  the  Frue  vanner  recently 
placed  in  the  mill  has  worked  very  successfully  on 
Shakspeare  ore,  saving  as  high  as  71  per  cent  and 
regularly  saving  65  per  cent.  The  company  is  so 
well  satisfied  with  this  work  that  it  has  decided  to 
put  in  several  more  vanners,  enough  to  work  the 
mill  to  its  full  capacity.  The  steady  running  of  this 
mill  will  add  considerably  to  the  prosperity  of  the 
camp.  « 

Fifty-Four  Thousand  Ounces  Silver.— Sil- 
ver Ciiy  £«/(;r^r/jf,  Jan.  21:  They  say  things  are 
quiet  at  Lake  Valley,  but  there  is  quite  a  hum  of 
interest  up  there  now,  on  the  lease  of  T.  B.  Savage 
and  Frank  Thoman  on  a  50-foot  square  piece  of 
ground  of  the  Silver  Mining  Co.  They  worked 
this  ground  for  six  months,  getting  small  pay  most 
of  the  time,  but  a  day  or  two  before  their  time  was 
out  ihey  came  into  fine  ore.  The  general  manager 
promptly,  gave  them  one  month's  extension  of  limp, 
and  with  only  two  men  at  work  on  ore,  they  have 
taken  out  the  unusual  amount  of  54,000  ounces  of 
silver.  Savage  has  in  the  past  four  years  made  two 
other  strikes  rivaling  this  one  in  value. 


The    Year's 


Work     at 
Bureau. 


the    Mining 


Through  deUya  io  reoeiviog  the  mooey  ap- 
propriated for  its  support,  there  was  left  to 
tbts  ipetltution  bat  &  abort  working  seaaoo  the 
paat  year.  Notwtth&tftDdiog  this  hiadranoe, 
the  forthooming  report  of  the  State  Mineral- 
ogiat  will,  aa  we  UDderatftod,  reaoh  vary  re- 
apBotable  dimeoaioDa.  Thti  report,  do w  iotbe 
htndsof  the  S:at6  Pnater  aod  aearly  ready  for 
bindiog,  will  cootaio  maob  inforniKtioD  of  a 
thoroughly  atilitariaa  kind,  very  little  spaoe 
haviug  bsen  givdn  up  to  vpecalatiouB  or  theories 
UDBupported  by  faots.  The  moat  of  this  io- 
formatioo  haa  been  embodied  ia  a  aeries  of 
artiolea,  each  treating  of  aotne  special  aubjsot 
oonneoted  with  the  oiiuiog  Interesta  aod  in> 
duatries  of  the  State, 

The  moat  important  feature  of  the  report, 
however,  coneiata  of  the  fidld-work  performed 
during  the  year,  and  which  has  gone  to  the 
oolleoting  of  data  for  a  complete  topographical 
map  of  the  State,  this  to  serve  as  the  basis  of 
the  projected  geological  map  to  be  oonstructed 
thereon.  Thia  work,  of  which  a  good  begin* 
ning  has  been  made,  will  now  be  followed  up 
and  vigoroualy  prosecoted  the  coming  summer, 
it  being  the  intention  of  Mr.  Irelan  to  start  out 
a  oorpB  of  asaistanta  as  soon  a?  the  weather  will 
permit,  preparations  preliminary  to  that  end 
having  already  been  completed.  Operationa 
win  oommenoe  on  the  aouthern  border  of  the 
State,  whence  they  will  be  extended  north- 
ward. That  they  will,  by  reason  of  the  un- 
Qsual  snowfall  on  the  Coast  Ringe  aod  adja- 
cent mooDtaiDS  be  delayed  beyond  the  expect- 
ed time,  now  seems  probable.  The  topo* 
graphical  map,  which  ia  to  comprise  the  results 
of  all  offioial  surveys  heretofore  made  in  Cali- 
fornia, will,  however,  be  completed  in  time  to 
g!)  with  the  next  Annual  Raport  of  the  State 
Mineralogiat. 

The  contents  of  this  volume  have  besn  pre- 
pared by  men  thoroughly  qualiOed  by  educa- 
tion and  practice  to  well  perform  the  several 
tasks  aaBigned  them.  This  has  insured  for  the 
papers  that  go  to  make  up  the  body  of  the  re- 
port, a  value  that  would  not  attach  to  the  work 
of  the  mere  empirio  or  the  tyro.  Where  it  Is 
sought  to  use  thia  information  it  can,  as  a  rule, 
be  relied  upon,  nor  will  it  ever  be  found  grossly 
misleading. 

We  have  always  contended  that  the  work  of 
the  State  Mineralogist  should  be  of  a  more 
practical  kind  than  charaoterizad  some  of  the 
earlier  reports  emanating  from  the  Bureau.  To 
devote  the  whole  or  most  of  a  volume  to  a  de- 
scription of  a  single  mineral  product  seems 
hardly  politic,  however  perfect  such  a  deaorip- 
tton  or  however  important  suoh  product  may 
be.  Whenever  especially  full  and  detailed 
information  ia  in  any  particular  case  required, 
it  can  be  obtained  from  other  sources,  generally 
within  the  easy  reach  of  the  student,  and  may 
therefore  well  be  dispensed  with  in  a  volume 
deaigned  for  common  use. 

We  have  in  former  iasues  of  the  Press  ex- 
preaaed  the  opinion  that  the  information  of 
which  the  miners,  as  a  community,  moat  stood 
in  need  was  such  as  related  to  the  best  meth- 
ods extant  for  ore  extraction  and  reduction,  In- 
eluding  a  description  of  the  mechanisms,  modes 
and  prooesses  employed  to  that  end.  They 
want  to  be  more  fully  posted  on  the  subjects  of 
ore  ornshing  and  smelting,  amalgamation,  con- 
centration, chlorination,  etc.  Happily  the 
present  State  Mineralogist,  with  a  just  oompre- 
hension  of  these  underlying  wants,  has  from 
the  first  worked  in  the  direction  of  supplying 
them  aa  far  as  may  be. 

Looking  over  the  several  reports  prepared  by 
Mr.  Irelan,  we  find  them  almost  wholly  given 
up  to  matters  bearing  on  the  solution  of  the 
above  queatlons,  some  of  the  monographs  pub* 
lished  in  these  volumes  amounting  to  a  com- 
plete treatise  on  the  subject  considered.  Take 
for  example  the  paper  on  the  building  and  out- 
fitting of  quartz-mills;  we  don't  see  why  a 
tolerably  good  millwright  might  not  go  on, 
select  a  site,  put  up  and  equip  a  plant  of  that 
kind,  and  do  the  work  fairly  well  guided  by  the 
inatruotiona  contained  in  that  paper  alone; 
nor  could  such  mechanio  go  far  wrong  if,  in 
selecting  a  water-wheel,  he  studied  what  is 
aaid  a  few  pages  further  on  concerning  atruot- 
ures  of  that  kind.  Aod  so  of  much  more  that 
requires  to  be  learned  from  trustworthy  sources. 
It  can  be  found  in  this  series  of  reports,  the 
in  ormation  so  conveyed  being  not  only  author- 


itative and  practical,  but  brought  down  to 
most  recent  dates. 

The  mineral  apeoimens  .aent  to  the  Bureau 
have  been  very  numerous  of  lata,  aome  of  these 
coming  from  dtatant  and  widely  separated 
localities.  Aod  thus  the  cabinet,  already 
I^rge,  grows  apaoe,  this  collection  comparing 
favorably  with  others  its  seniors  by  many 
years.  The  olasaifiottion  and  arrangement  of 
these  numerous  samples  ia  both  ayatematic  and 
Bcientitio,  b&ing  grouped  into  families,  and 
these  anbdivided  into  speoiea,  all  properly 
Ubeled  and  so  diaplayed  that  they  can  be 
readily  recognized  and  examined.  Baaldes 
metals  and  minerals,  many  other  things  have 
been  oontrlbuted  to  the  Museum,  some  of  these 
being  rare  and  curious,  a  few  poaseesed  of  much 
intrinsic  vilue. 

It  is  worthy  of  remark  that  thia  large  and 
valuable  cabinet  has  cost  the  Stats  very  little, 
nearly  all  the  specimens  having  been  collected 
by  the  State  mineralogiata  and  their  aaslstants 
while  in  the  fiald,  or  through  exchanges  effected 
with  similar  establishments  elsewhere,  not  a 
few  having  been  donated  by  the  devotees  of 
science  or  other  patrons  of  the  inatitution.  The 
Bureau  and  everything  conneoted  with  it  is 
kept  in  admirable  order,  both  the  oonvenienoe 
and  oomfort  of  the  attachea  and  visitor  to  the 
placa  having  in  all  its  appointmenta  been  con- 
sulted. Ae  the  Muaeum  has  undergone  steady 
enlargement,  so  has  the  number  of  its  visitors 
been  constantly  on  the  increase,  many  of  these 
being  residents  of  other  States  or  of  foreign 
countries.  Few  foreigners  who  come  to  thia 
city  fail,  in  fact,  to  pay  the  Bureau  a  visit. 

The  Astronomical  Society. 

At  the  meeting  of  the  Astronomical  Society 
of  the  Pacific  on  Saturday  last,  Vice-President 
Wm,  M.  Pierson  occupied  the  chair,  President 
Holden  being  snow-bound  on  Mt.  Hamilton, 
The  secretary  announced  the  receipt  of  75 
presents  and  pablioationa,  among  which  were 
two  large  drawings  of  Jupiter  by  Prof,  Keeler, 
made  at  the  Lick  Observatory  in  July,  1S89. 
A  committee  to  nominate  directors  was  ap- 
pointed. The  chair  announced  the  success  of 
the  Lick  Observatory  eclipse  party  sent  to 
South  America  by  Col.  C.  F,  Crocker.  The 
following  new  members  were  elected  :  Adolph 
Sutro;  Mateo  Clark  (life);  Jose  A.  y  Bonllla, 
Zicatecaa,  Mexico;  Leon  K,  Fuller,  Brattle- 
boro.  Vt.;  Fred  G.  Wattles,  Denver.  Col.; 
Prof,  M.  W.  Harrington,  Director  Ann  Arbor 
Observatory;  Hugh  Howell,  Oakland;  Prof.  Ira 
Moore,  State  Mormal  Sohool,  Los  Angelea; 
T.  S,  Palmer,  Sup't  of  Agriculture,  Washing- 
ton; J.  L;  Soott,  Shanghai,  China;  P.  V. 
Yeeder.  San  Mateo,  The  total  membership  is 
now  190. 

A  paper  on  "The  Physical  Appearance  of 
Jupiter  in  18S9"  was  read  by  Mr.  Keeler  and 
illustrated  by  24  drawings,  made  during  the 
apposition  of  1889,  with  the  36-inch  equato- 
rial at  the  Lick  Observatory,  Kefarenoe  was 
made  to  the  extremely  aatisfactory  views  ob- 
tained with  the  great  telescope,  and  a  resumt 
given  of  the  different  kinds  of  astronomioal 
work  in  which  the  instrument  had  proven 
proficient. 

This  paper  waa  followed  by  one  entitled  "A 
New  and  Simple  Form  of  Electric  Control  for 
Equatorial  Driving  Clocks,"  also  by  Mr.  Keeler. 
Thia  ingenious  contrivance  ia  attached  to  the 
driving'clock  of  the  great  refractor  of  the  Lick 
Obeeivjitory,  and  is  giving  great  satisfaction. 

It  was  announced  that  the  directors,  with 
the  approval  of  Alexander  Montgomery,  had 
determined  to  expend  $1000  of  the  Alexander 
Montgomery  fund  to  found  a  library  for  the 
society,  named  after  the  donor,  and  the  re- 
mainder of  the  fund  ($1500)  is  to  be  invested, 
and  the  income  only  to  be  used  in  the  preserv- 
ing and  enlarging  the  same. 

On  the  Comatock  there  has  been  a  total  sue- 
penaion  of  operations  in  leading  mines  with 
the  exception  of  the  Jualice,  Alabama  and  Oc- 
cidental, on  account  of  the  impossibility  of 
moving  ore  trains  and  the  scarcity  of  fuel  for 
operating  the  steam-hoist  plants.  The  pay-rolls 
of  mines  for  the  current  month  will  fall  $150,- 
000  short  of  the  usual  average  and  the  bullion 
yield  of  the  Comstock  will  be  curtailed  half  a 
million. 

Captain  J.  M.  Keeler,  formerly  connected 
with  mining  affairs,  and  who  became  quite 
prominent  in  Inyo  county  a  few  years  since, 
died  in  San  Francisco  thia  week. 

At  La  Port?,  Plumas  county,  the  snow  is  20 
feet  deep  op.  a  level, 


Taxes  on  Real  Property, 

Adjuatmeat  Between  Seller  and  Fiirchaeer. 

Though  an  investigation  of  the  law  at  any 
time  aince  the  organizition  of  this  State,  and 
certainly  aince  ita  laws  were  codified,  would 
have  resulted  in  a  full  knowledge  of  this  Inter- 
eating  problem,  it  it  strange  that  its  aolutiou 
has  been,  and  ia  now,  onknowo  to  those  most 
interested,  and  until  recently  we  have  bad  no 
satisfactory  settlement  of  the  question. 

In  a  late  oaae  of  Brown  vs,  Yoat,  which 
came  before  Judge  Wallace  of  the  Superior 
Court  of  S.  F.  on  appeal  from  the  Justices 
Court,  a  decleion  was  rendered  Jan.  13,  1890, 
which  is  undoubtedly  the  true  solution.  Judge 
Wallaoe,  in  an  abls  opinion,  holds  that  the  tax 
bscomea  a  lien  which  attaches  as  of  the  first 
Monday  in  March  of  each  year  (Pol.  Code, 
Seo.  37IS).  Further,  that  this  lien  having  the 
force  and  effect  of  an  execution  duly  levied 
(Pol.  Code,  Sec,  3716)  is  "  an  incunbranoe." 
That  when  a  grantor  makes  a  conveyance  in 
which  he  uses  the  wdtd  ** grant,"  be  covenants 
that  the  property  is  free  from  incambranoes 
done,  made,  or  suffered  by  the  grantor  (Civil 
Code,  Seo,  1113).  That  the  term  "incum- 
brances "  includes  taxea,  assessments  and  all 
liens  on  real  property  (Civil  Code,  Sic.  1114), 
Therefore,  the  grantor  must  make  good  his  cov> 
enant  by  removing  the  tax  lien  created  aa  of 
the  first  Monday  io  March,  If  real  property 
is  conveyed  at  any  time  after  the  first  Monday 
in  March  by  a  deed  using  the  word*' grant" 
(vhioh  is  the  common  form  of  deed),  and  no 
other  words  are  used  to  restrain  the  Oode 
presumption,  the  seller  must  pay  the  taxaa  for 
that  year;  and  this  is  true  even  though  the 
amount  be  then  unknown,  and  the  tax  not  yet 
due  and  cannot  then  be  paid.  If  the  seller  do 
not  pay  the  taxsa,  the  purchaser  can  do  so  to 
prevent  sale  for  delinquent  taxsa,  and  then  re- 
cover from  the  aeller  in  an  action  on  hia  cove- 
nant. 

New  Incorporations, 

■  The  following  compinies  have  been  incorporated, 
and  papers  filed  in  the  oftice  of  the  Superior  Court, 
department  10,  San  Francisco  : 

San  Franctsco  Syndicate  and  Trust  Co., 
Jan.  20.  Object,  to  manage  real  estate  and  loan 
and  borrow  money.  Capital  stock.  $too,ooo.  Di- 
rectors, C.  E.  Mayne,  R.  T.  Peiiingill,  H.  S. 
Smith,  D.  Z  Ashly  and  G.  H.  Perry. 

SoNORA  M.  Cu.,  Jan.  22.  Capital  stock,  $50,, 
000.  Directors— J.  H.  Neale,  E.  M.  Thompson,  C- 
A.  Slratlon.  A.  F.  Collins,  J.  J.  Nachtrich,  k.  F. 
Johns  and  Geo.  A.  Carter. 

Saratoga  Packing  Co.,  Jan.  22.  Object,  or- 
chard cultivation  and  to  deal  in  fruits.  Capital 
stock,  $50,000.  Directors — Robert  Balfour,  Frank 
C.  Beazley,  Geo.  W.  Spencer,  Chas.  Page  and 
Chas.  P.  E°lls. 

LtJCKY  Dog  Con.  M.  Co.,  Jan.  28.  Location. 
Sierra  county.  Capital  stock,  $500,000.  Directors 
— Robt.  Sluart,  S.  J.  Howard,  R.  S.  Briggs,  D.  L. 
Howard  and  B.  R.  Low. 

Del  Monte  Vineyard  &  Packing  Co.,  Jan. 
28.-  Capital  stock,  $60,000,  Directors  —  L.  A. 
Kelley,  H.  W,  Snow,  E.  Coker,  J,  J.  Harlow  and 
E.  E.  Burt. 


Meetings  and  Elections. 

Annual  meetings  and  elections  have  been  held  by 
the  following  mining  companies  : 

Belcher  M.  Co. ,  Jan.  28 :  Directors— James 
Newlands,  J.  H.  Dobinson,  A.  K..  P.  Harmon,  Geo. 
D.  Edwards  and  J.  P.  Martin.  The  following  ofii- 
cers  were  appointed;  President,  James  Newlands; 
vice-president,  A.  K.  P.  Harmon;  secretary,  Chas. 
L.  Perkins;  superintendent,  Sam  L.  Jones,  and 
treasurer,  the  Bank  of  California.  The  appoint 
ment  of  Mr.  Perkins  to  the  position  of  secretary 
was  the  only  change  made  io  the  Board  of  Ofiicers. 

Utah  Con.  M,  Co.,  Jan.  29:  Directors— H.  B. 
Havens,  Geo.  R.  Wells,  Jos.  Marks,  Herman 
Zidig  and  J.  J.  E,  Hawkin?,  The  following  offi- 
cers were  appointed:  President,  H.  B.  Havens; 
vice-president,  George  R.  Wells;  secret^iry.  A,  H, 
Fish,  and  treasurer,  the  Nevada  Bank.  The  finan- 
cial statement  submitted  showed  a  cash  balance  in 
the  treasury  of  $8766.22. 

Dangeb  to  Miners — Ovring  to  the  long- 
continued  storm  and  danger  of  traveling  In  the 
SDOW,  there  is  fear  that  miners  living  alonn  in 
different  parte  of  the  mountains  have  suffered 
greatly.  Daring  the  clear  weather  several 
parties  have  been  formed  in  different  portions 
of  the  mouutains  to  vieit  parties  living  in  oat  of 
the  way  places,  who  had  not  reported  since  the 
commencement  of  the  etorm.  In  two  or  three 
cases  the  people  searched  for  have  been  found 
dead,  and  several  were  discovered  who  needed 
relief.  It  is  feared  that  many  more  of  the  old 
miners,  who  have  lived  alone  in  the  mountains 
for  years,  and  who  stuck  to  their  claims  in 
hopes  of  striking  it  rich,  have  fallen  victims  to 
the  terrible  winter. 


The  Seattle  Belief  Committee  is  using  part 
of  the  unexpended  subscriptions  for  the  relief 
of  the  Gre  sufferers  to  alleviate  the  miseries  of 
the  poor  of  that  city* 


76 


Mining  and  Scientific  Prp::ss. 


[Feb    1,  1890 


II]ECHAJMieAL  PROGRESa 


The  Railway  and  tlie  Shop. 

The  Year's  Progreaa  in  Improvements. 
According  to  the  Hailway  Jteview,  the  year 
jaat  closed  has  been  one  of  marked  progress  in 
all  matters  pertaining  to  the  motive>power  and 
rolling-stook  of  the  railways  of  this  oonntry. 
In  locomotive  practice  there  is  a  noticeable 
change  in  the  style  and  weight  of  engines  for 
certain  kinds  of  work.  Moguls  and  ten-wheeled 
engines  are  being  used  to  a  great  extent  in  fast 
passenger  service,  quite  a  number  of  roads  hav* 
ing,  for  the  first  time,  put  them  into  regular 
passenger  service  during  1SS9,  and  several 
others  are  giving  or  are  about  to  give  their  first 
order  for  this  class  of  passenger  engines.  There 
are  two  principal  reasons  for  the  adoption  of 
these  engines  for  this  work  during  the  past  few 
years;  the  first  is  the  necessity  of  greater 
weight  for  tractive  power,  and  the  second  is 
the  more  universal  realization  of  the  fact  that 
one  of  the  first  requisites  of  an  economical  Io> 
oomotive  is  a  large  boiler. 

A  great  amouut  of  attention  has  also  been 
given  to  compound  locomotives  in  the  last  12 
months,  and  at  present  theife  are  two  compound 
locomotives  of  American  build  and  design  and 
one  of  Eoglish  make  running  on  American  rail- 
ways. When  it  is  remembered  that  a  year 
ago  there  was  not  a  compound  locomotive  run- 
ning on  this  continent,  and  very  little  interest 
was  manifested  in  them;  that  now  there  are 
three  in  operation  and  a  fourth  soon  to  be  out 
of  the  shops,  and  that  at  least  three  other  roads 
or  builders  intend  to  have  compounds  in  opera- 
tion at  an  early  date,  it  is  evident  that  the  in- 
terest is  spreading  and  that  this  type  will  re- 
ceive an  extended  trial.  All  these  studies  and 
improvements  tend  toward  a  greater  economy 
in  the  movement  of  trains. 

Another  practice  has  made  some  headway 
during  the  year  which  is  destined  to  have  a 
great  effect  npon  the  economies  of  locomotive 
running,  and  that  is  the  instruction  of  engine- 
men  in  regard  to  combustion  and  the  use  of 
steam. 

In  freight-car  conntrnction  the  tendency 
toward  oars  of  great  capacity  is  more  notice- 
able than  ever.  Roads  which  a  year  ago 
thought  they  had  no  use  for  cars  of  more  than 
40,000  pounds  capacity  are  either  building  60,- 
000-pound  cars  or  are  compromising  by  using 
SO, 000  pounds  as  a  maximum  capacity.  The 
dimensions  of  the  axle  for  these  heavy  cars 
have  been  virtually  settled  by  the  M.  0.  B. 
standard  adopted  recently. 

The  use  of  so  many  heavy  cars,  and  the  great- 
er speeds  of  freight  trains,  have  forcibly  directed 
attention  to  the  inefficiency  of  the  hand-brake, 
and  during  the  last  12  months  the  automatic 
air-brake  has  been  applied  to  a  larger  number 
of  freight  cars  than  during  any  other  year.  The 
adoption  of  automatic  oar-couplers  has  gone  on 
with  surprising  rapidity  during  the  year,  it  be- 
ing estimated  that  about  40,000  freight  cars 
were  so  equipped. 

Heating  and  ventilating  are  not  making  par- 
ticularly rapid  strides,  except  where  the  taw 
compels  action.  In  train  lighting  much  experi- 
menting has  been  done  with  electricity,  gas^ 
gasoline,  etc.  The  days  of  the  kerosene  lamp 
are  evidently  numbered,  but  just  what  system 
of  lighting  will  take  its  place  is  not  so  evident. 
Train  signals,  which  wilt  take  the  place  of  the 
ordinary  bell-cord  and  gong  in  the  cab,  have 
been  applied  to  a  limited  extent.  Air  signals 
have  met  with  the  most  favor,  though  electric 
signals  have  been  tried. 

In  shop  practice  there  has  been  some  im- 
provement in  handling  materials.  Overhead 
power  cranes,  electric  transfer  tables,  power 
hoists,  and  special  tools  are  used  in  greater 
numbers.  Perhaps  one  of  the  most  noticeable 
features  is  the  rapid  strides  which  electricity 
has  made  in  shop  practice.  Beginning  with  the 
lighting  of  shops,  it  has  frequently  been  used 
to  drive  transfer  tables,  and  its  application  is 
extending  to  overhead  cranes  and  large  iso- 
lated toots,  or  to  any  other  work  where  the  or- 
dinary means  of  furnishing  power  are  less  suit- 
able. There  is  still  a  l^rge  field  for  electricity 
to  occupy  in  railway  shop  work.  There  seems 
to  be  only  one  case  of  flat  failure  of  the  appti. 
cation  of  electricity  in  railway  operation  dur- 
ing the  past  year,  and  that  is  as  a  locomotive 
traction  inoreaser.  It  was  given  a  practical 
trial  on  one  road,  but  with  the  exception  of  a 
few  exaggerated  reports  in  the  daily  newspa- 
pers, no  results  have  been  made  public,  though 
their  appearance   has  been  anxiously  awaited. 


ios :  A  very  remarkable  specimen  of  casting 
work  is  on  exhibition  at  the  rfiice  of  Messrs. 
Charles  Himrod  &  Co.,  in  the  Rookery  building 
in  this  city.  It  consists  of  a  cylinder  six  feet 
high,  20  inches  in  diameter  and  only  one-eighth 
of  an  inch  thick.  Expert  foundrymen  have  pro- 
nounced the  manufacture  of  this  casting  a  nota- 
ble feat.  Its  difQcult  natnre  will  perhaps  be 
better  oomprehended  by  the  statement  that  it 
is  equivalent  to  casting  a  plate  six  feet  long 
and  about  five  feet  wide  and  only  one-eighth  ol 
an  inch  thick.  The  casting  is  perfectly  sound 
and  wei?hs  160  pr>unds.  It  was  made  by 
Turner,  Dickinson  &  Co.  of  Chicago,  and  Cal- 
umet pig  iron  was  exclusively  used  in  its  pro- 
duction. 


Can  Iron  Be  Gloed?— By  a  new  method 
of  cementing  iron  the  parts  oemented  are  so 
effectually  joined  as  to  resist  the  blows  even  of 
a  sledge-hammer.  The  cement  is  composed  of 
equal  parts  of  sulphur  and  white  lead,  with  a 
proportion  of  about  one-elxth  borax.  When 
the  composition  is  to  be  applied  it  ia  wet  with 
strong  sulphuric  acid  and  a  thin  layer  of  it  is 
placed  between  the  two  pieces  of  iron,  which 
are  at  once  pressed  together.  In  five  days  it 
will  be  perfectly  dry,  all  traces  of  the  cement 
having  vanished,  and  the  work  having  every 
appearance  of  welding. 


A  Notable  Casting.  —  The  Chinese  have 
hitherto  excelled  in  large  and  exceptionally  thin 
castings;  butthe  following  item  from  the  Chicago 
Journal  of  Gommerce  would  seem  to  imply 
feats  of  an  fqualty,  if  not  more,  difiScutt  char- 
acter than  can  be  performed  by  oar  own  meohaa- 


Pert'ect  Screws. 

The  first  thing  a  macbiaist  does  when  exam- 
ining a  machine  tool  which  he  intends  to  buy  is 
to  take  hold  of  the  handles  which  are  attached 
to  the  various  feed-screws,  and  test  the  amount 
of  play  the  screws  have  in  the  nut;  or,  in  other 
words,  how  much  he  can  turn  the  handles 
loosely  without  moving  the  slide  or  the  carriage. 
Seldom  he  has  anything  to  say  after  this  test. 
Is  it  because  he  has  never  found  a  screw  abso- 
lutely without  play,  or  does  he  know  that  the 
accuracy  of  his  work  which  he  intends  to  do 
on  the  machine  does  not,  in  most  cases,  depend 
on  this  difficulty  ?  If  you  go  into  a  shop  and 
make  this  same  test  on  the  various  machines, 
you  will  probably  be  quite  surpriaed  how  much 
back  lash  the  screws  have,  either  by  worn 
threads  or  end  play  between  collars.  The 
screws  are  hardly  ever  replaced  by  new  ones 
until  they  refuse  to  move  the  slide  at  all,  and 
yet  the  men  are  turning  oat  good  work.  This 
is  especially  true  in  busy  times.  While  it 
seems  that  a  screw  with  much  play  in  working 
operation  is  not  a  serious  objection,  it  is 
quite  an  objsotion  on  a  new  machine  with  little 
play. 

Supposing  we  make  a  screw  with  a  compen- 
sating nut,  whereby  it  is  possible  to  adjust  the 
nut  in  a  very  sensitive  manner,  to  tak«  up  the 
lateral  play  completely,  then  run  a  sorew 
through  it  24  inches  long  forward  and 
back  two  or  three  times.  Kicamination  will 
show  that  the  nut  needs  more  adjustment. 
This  diffiaalty  is  due  to  the  irregularity  of  the 
screw-threads.  Every  time  the  thicker  threads 
pass  through  the  nut  it  will  wear  it  to  a  cer- 
tain extent,  and  there  will  be  play  on  some  por- 
tions of  the  screw.  Now,  then,  the  question 
arises,  is  it  possible  to  produce  a  perfect  screw 
on  lathrs,  as  they  are  built  for  the  market  at 
present?  In  the  first  place,  I  do  not  think 
that  two  lathes  are  made  with  lead  screws 
alike. 

Supposing  we  have  two  lathes  with  perfect 
screws,  it  is  questionable  whether  two  screws 
chased  on  these  two  lathes  would  be  exact 
duplicates,  or  that  the  fioiahed  screws  changed 
from  one  lathe  to  the  other  would  not  show 
variations  by  passing  a  tool  through  them.  I 
am  of  the  opioion  that  lead  screws  on  all  lathes 
are  too  smah  in  diameter.  They  are  subjact 
to  a  certain  amount  of  twisting  strain,  and  will 
in  due  time  get  out  of  true,  especially  if  heavy 
cats  have  been  taken. 

There  should  be  a  lathe  built  specially  con- 
structed for  chasing  accurate  screws,  in  which 
one  would  not  be  dependent  on  the  give  of  the 
various  joints  between  the  feed-nut  and  the 
cutting  tool.  On  the  present  lathes  the  lead 
screws  are  too  far  away  from  the  tool,  the 
leverage  being  too  great.  A  lathe  for  the 
above-mentioned  parpose  need  not  have  more 
than  six  inches  swing,  the  spindle  should  be 
cloae  to  a  rigid  bed,  and  the  lead  screw  located 
in  the  rear  on  the  top  of  the  carriage,  where  it 
can  be  covered  partly  and  kept  clean;  and  last, 
but  not  least,  the  tool  brought  close  as  possible 
to  the  same.  We  all  know  how  important  it 
is  to  have  the  two  screws  on  the  planer,  which 
elevate  and  lower  the  saddle  alike,  in  order  to 
keep  it  parallel  with  platen  at  any  hight.  The 
shape  of  the  threads  seems  to  be  an  unsettled 
question  among  lathe-builders.  We  see  lead 
acrews  all  the  way  from  the  U.  S.  Standard  V 
(flat  top  and  bottom),  to  perfectly  Eqaare 
threads.  I  hope  to  see  the  day  when  luthe- 
builders  will  make  lead  screws  uniform  with 
correct  threads.  I  would  like  to  see  this  sub- 
JHct  thoroughly  illuminated,  and  am  sure  what- 
ever may  be  said  by  our  mechanical  brethren 
who  have  had  the  benefit  of  special  experience 
in  this  line  will  certainly  be  apprpciated  by 
the  readers  of  this  paper. — American  Ma- 
chinist. 

The  Other  Side  of  the  Watch-Sprtng 
Stoey.— "If  you  want  to  make  the  most  out  of 
a  little,"  said  the  jeweler,  "buy  a  pound  of 
steel  and  work  it  into  hair  springs  fir  watches 
The  product  will  sell  for  $140,000."  "And 
then  I  would  be  $140,000  in,"  said  the  ap- 
prentice, who  had  enough  laid  by  to  get  the 
pound  of  steel.  *'  No."  roplied  the  master;  *'it 
would  coat  you  about  $1.39,000  and  all  your  life 
to  make  the  springs." — R.  J.  Burdette. 

The  quickest  way  to  harden  iron,  if  in  small 
eiz9s,  is  to  heat  it  to  a  cherry  red,  then  sprinkle 
upon  it  some  cyanide  of  potassium,  and  heat  it 
to  a  little  above  red,  and  then  dip.  Cyanide  of 
potassium  is  a  deadly  poison, 

A  Single  Belt   running  at  the  rate  of  800 
feet  per  minute,  or  a  double  belt  having  a  run- 
ning rate  of  500  feet  per  minute,  will  transmit  | 
one  horse-power  for  each  and  every  inch  of  its 
width. 


SeiENTiFie  Progress. 


Thermal  Repulsion. 

The  well  known  publishing  house  of  John 
Wiley  &  Sons,  15  Astor  place,  New  York,  has 
recently  issued  an  anonymous  volume  of  60 
pages,  entitled  *' The  Cosmic  Law  of  Thermal 
Repulsion,"  a  somewhat  singular  production, 
the  general  merits  of  which,  although  anony' 
mens,  are  sufficiently  guaranteed  by  the  stand- 
ing of  the  publishers.  The  book  sets  forth 
positions  in  philosophy  both  startling  and  full 
of  interest.  It  claims  to  be  "an  essay  sug- 
gested by  the  projsction  of  a  comet's  tail,"  and 
the  subject-matter  is  thus  tersely  introduced: 
"  Thermal  repulsion,  like  gravitational  attrac- 
tion, is  universal  between  masses  as  well  as  be- 
tween molecules  of  matter."  The  origin  of  the 
book  is  thus  described  : 

"  The  Immense  projection  of  the  tail  of  the 
great  comet  of  1SS2  led  me  to  suspect  that  the 
phenomenon  resulted  from  an  outward  push  ex- 
erted by  the  radiant  energy  of  the  sun  on  the 
matter  of  the  comet,  and  that  the  matter 
which  thus  yielded  to  the  push  and  was  pro* 
j  acted  outward  was  that  portion  of  the  comet 
which  had  become  superheated  as  the  body  ap- 
proached the  san.  The  force  causing  the  out- 
ward projection  evidently  came  from  the  sun; 
the  matter  projected  had  been  reduced  to 
great  tenuity;  the  form  of  the  tail  indicated 
that  the  outward  push  was  exerted  against  the 
entire  body  of  the  comet,  and  that  the  particles 
proj  ?cted  yielded  to  the  force  as  they  became 
surcharged  with  the  sun's  radiant  energy.  This 
explanation  involved  the  hypothesis  that  the 
expansive  force  of  heat  was  not  confined  to 
movicg  outward  the  molecules  of  a  separate 
mass  of  matter,  as  in  the  ordinary  phenomenon 
of  expansion,  but  that  it  was  operative  between 
tbe  sun  and  bodies  in  space;  in  other  words, 
that  thermal  energy  exerted  on  all  matter  a 
push  outward  from  the  center  of  gravity,  jast 
as  gravitation  exerts  a  pull  inward  toward  the 
center  of  gravity. 

*'  Farther  reflection  during  subsfquent  years 
strengthened  my  belief  in  tbe  truth  of  this 
hypothesis;  and  recent  advances  in  physical 
science  furnish  evidence  which  appears  to  me 
to  be  sufficient,  when  considered  in  connection 
with  other  well-known  physical  phenomena,  to 
prove  the  existenoe  of  the  supposed  cosmic 
law. 

The  Primary  Principle  Deduced   from  the 
Fd'egoing  Passage. 

"  In  attempting  the  induction  of  a  Cosmic 
Law  from  the  phenomena  of  nature,  it  is  of 
course  necessary  to  consider  the  whole  subject 
of  nature;  and  in  doing  so,  the  first  thing  whioh 
strikes  the  attention  is  tbe  difference  between 
those  things  in  nature  which  are  matter  and 
those  things  which  are  not  matter.  For  in- 
stance, the  table  on  which  I  write,  and  the 
pen,  ink  and  paper  with  which  I  write,  are 
matter;  but  tbe  intelligence  which  directs  the 
pen  in  makiog  letters  on  the  paper  is  not 
matter.  It  is  force  imparting  motion  to 
matter." 

This  forms  the  key-note  to  the  entire  book,  in- 
troducing philosophical  deductions,  of  whioh  the 
following  are  some  of  the  hf  ad-linee:  **  Tbe  Op- 
erations of  Natural  forces;"  **  The  Field  of  Op- 
eration of  Natural  Forcef  ;'*  **  Forms  of  Matter;" 
*'  The  Earth's  Attraction  on  L'quids  and 
Gises;"  '*  Effects  of  Gravitation  on  Molecules 
of  Gis;"  '*  Effect  of  Heat  on  Matter;"  *' Con- 
jao'al  Antagonism  of  Heat  and  Gravity;" 
"Gravitation  and  Thermal  Eiergy  on  Masses 
of  Matter;"  *'  Planetary  Matter — Comets;' 
"Motion  Imparted  by  Heliofagal  Power  Re 
eisted  by  Cohesion  and  Gravitation;"  '*  Out- 
ward Push  of  Heliofugal  Power;"  "Heliofngal 
Power  Causes  Planets  to  Revolve;"  "Differ- 
ence in  Speed  of  Axial  Rotation." 

The  result  of  the  author's  studies  npon  these 
varied  topics  is  summed  up  as  follows: 

"Tbe  well-known  phenomena  of  nature 
which  we  have  been  considering  demonstrate 
that  there  is  an  essential  difference  between 
matter  and  force  in  the  constitution  of  Nature; 
that  force  is  not  in  one  form,  but  in  many 
forms,  and  that  two  of  these  forms  or  mani- 
festations of  force,  heat  and  gravitation  are 
ever  present  and  in  active  operation  where 
matter  exists;  that  these  forces  operate  on  the 
molecules  constituting  a  separate  mass  of 
matter,  the  force  of  gravitation  being  a  pull  in- 
ward toward  the  center  of  mass,  and  the  force 
of  heat  being  a  push  outward  from  the  center; 
that  outward  and  inward  motion  of  the  mole- 
cules is  the  result  of  the  predomioance  of  .the 
one  or  the  other  of  these  forces,  and  that  the 
motion  ( i^ontraotion  or  expansion)  is  uniform, 
except  when  intercepted  by  some  other  force; 
that  the  inward  pull  of  gravitation  between 
separate  masses  of  matter  is  identically  the 
same  as  the  pull  between  the  molecules  of  a 
single  mass;  and  that,  while  it  has  not  yet 
been  fully  demonstrated,  we  are  justified  in  as- 
suming that  the  outward  push  of  heat  is  the 
same  between  separate  masses  of  matter  as  be- 
tween the  molecules  of  a  single  mass.  This 
being  true,  it  follows  that  all  matter  in  nature 
is  held  suspended  between  these  two  forces  of 
attraction  and  repulsion.  Within  the  earth  it- 
self Nature  has  stored  up  heat  more  than  ample 
to  reduce  all  forms  of  matter  to  the  most  tenu* 
ous  gas,  and  the  Immense  outward  push  of  this 
vast  self-acting  boiler  counteracts  the  inward 
pull  of  gravity;  and  thus  it  Is  that  thermal  re- 
pulsion and  gravitational  attraction  hold  in  po- 
sition tbe  very  ground  beneath  oar  feet.    The 


end  of  the  world,  as  we  know  it,  would  ooroe 
by  an  explosion  or  contraction,  if  either  of  these 
forces  was  suspended  for  an  instant." 


Chinese  Theoky  of  Evolution, — The  idea 
of  evolution  is  not  altogether  a  modern  concep- 
tion. In  this  domain  of  research,  the  Chinese, 
as  in  almost  everything  else,  come  to  the 
front,  Adelfl  M.  Fielde  in  Popular  Sdende  de- 
scribes the  Chinese  idea  as  follows:  "The 
rocks  are  the  bones  of  the  divine  body  the  soil 
is  the  flash,  the  metals  are  the  nerves  and 
veins;  the  tide,  wind,  rain,  clouds,  frost  and 
dew  are  all  oaused  by  its  respirations,  pulsa- 
tions and  exhalations.  Originally  the  monnt- 
ains  rose  to  the  firmament  and  the  seas  cov- 
ered the  mountains  to  their  tops.  At  that 
time  there  was  in  the  divine  body  no  life  be- 
sides the  divine  life.  Then  the  waters  subsided; 
small  herbs  grew,  and  in  the  lapse  of  cycles  de- 
i^eloped  into  shrubs  and  trees.  As  the  body  of 
man,  unwashed  for  years,  breeds  vermin,  so 
the  mountains,  unlaved  by  the  seas,  bred 
worms  and  insects,  greater  creatures  develop- 
ing out  of  lesser.  Beetles  in  the  course  of  ages 
became  tortoises,  earthworms  became  serpents, 
high-fi7ing  insects  became  birds,  some  of  the 
turtle-doves  became  pheasants,  egrets  became 
cranes,  and  wildcats  became  tigers.  The 
praying  mantis  was  by  degrees  transformed 
into  an  ape,  and  some  of  the  apes  became  hair* 
less.  A  hairless  ape  made  a  fire  by  striking 
crystal  upon  a  rock,  and  with  the  spark  struck 
igniting  the  dry  grass.  With  the  fire  they 
cooked  food,  and  by  eating  warm  victuals  they 
grew  large,  strong  and  knowing,  and  were 
changed  into  men."- 


The  Study  of  Eclip.ses  —The  physicist  and 
astronomer,  says  a  ootemporary,  have  of  late 
beoome  more  closely  related  in  their  work.  In 
old  times  the  observations  of  eclipses  were  prin- 
nipallj  for  the  determination  of  data  of  time. 
Recently  the  constitution  of  the  sun  and  the 
corona  surrounding  it  have  been  one  of  the 
principal  objects  of. eclipse  observation.  Re- 
cent progress  in  photography  lends  itself  admir- 
ably to  this  line,  and  the  work  done  daring  tbe 
present  eclipse  has  been  largely  accomplished  by 
photographio  methods.  The  corona  is  the  cir- 
cle of  rays  that  is  seen  emanating  from  behind 
and  all  around  the  moon  when  the  sun  is  total- 
Iv  eclipsed.  Its  exact  natnre  is  unknown. 
Various  theories  have  been  advanced.  It  has 
even  been  attributed  to  a  lunar  atmosphere. 
It  is,  however,  tolerably  certain  that  it  has  a 
real  and  objective  existence.  It  cannot  well 
be  regarded  as  a  reproach  to  modern  science 
that  we  know  so  little  of  it.  We  are  on  the 
average  granted  but  a  few  hours  in  a  century 
in  which  to  see  It.  The  late  eclipse  of  Dec. 
231  did  not  afford  much  opportunity  for  obser- 
vation. Its  path  was  unfortunate  and  the 
weather  at  the  various  points  selected  for  ob- 
servation was  anything  but  favorable.  Ac- 
counts from  the  American  party  in  Africa, 
however,  indicate  fair  success.  Seventy  photo- 
graphs were  secured  before  totality,  and  nearly 
as  many  after  totality.  Clouds  interfered  with 
the  work  daring  totality. 

Different  Heat  Conducting  Powers  of 
Metals  — If  we  hold  the  end  of  a  rod  of  silver 
in  one  hand,  and  one  end  of  a  rod  of  iron  in  an- 
other, and  place  tbe  opposite  ends  in  a  fire,  we 
soon  beoome  aware  that  there  is  a  great  differ- 
ence in  the  heat  conductivity  of  the  two  met- 
als. The  following  table  shows  the  relative 
conducting  power  of  the  several  metals 
named.  The  differences  observed  will  no  doubt 
be  a  surprise  to  many: 


Silver 100 

Copper 74 

Gold 53 

Rrass 24 

Tin 16 


Iron ]2 

Lead 9 

HlEitinum 8 

German  Silver 6 

Bismuth 2 


Controlling  tbe  Bouquet  of  Wine, — It  ap- 
pears that  the  flivor  of  a  wine  depends  less  on 
the  nature  of  the  soil  in  which  the  vines  have 
been  grown  than  on  the  ferment  employed. 
The  wine  ferments  which  have  b-en  hitherto 
supposed  identical,  mid  which  have  received 
the  name  Sacckaromyses  ellipsoideus ,  are  vari- 
ous, and  communicate  different  qualities  to  the 
mast  in  which  they  set  up  fermentation.  The 
jaice  of  the  *'  chasselas  "  grapes  of  the  south  of 
France  can,  by  a  change  of  ferment,  be  made 
to  yield  high-class  {grands  crus)  Burgundies. — 
A.  Rommier. 


An  Aerolite  at  Sea.— The  ship  Glancus, 
which  lately  arnvad  at  New  York  from  New- 
castle, had  a  narrow  escipe  from  a  falling 
meteor  at  1:20  p.  M  on  Dscember  10th,  while 
off  ''Crocodile  Head."  A  heavy  thunder-storm 
was  raging  when  a  sharp  report  was  heard, 
followed  by  a  sharp,  whizzing  noise  directly 
overhead,  and  simultaneously  with  this  an 
aerolite  was  observed  to  drop  into  the  sea  in 
dangerous  proximity  to  the.  vessel.  The  splash 
of  the  substance  sent  the  water  flying  to  a 
hight  of  8$  feet  or  more. 


Economy  in  Combustion. — The  absence  of 
thick,  black  smoke  from  a  furnace  is  not  evi- 
dence of  a  perfect  combustion.  The  amount 
of  carbon  passing  cff  even  in  the  heaviest  and 
blackest  smoke  is  quite  small  when  compared 
to  the  loss  which  may  arise  from  the  escape  of 
almost  invisible  unconsumed  gases  without  the 
appearance  of  Mack  smoke. 

In  Sweden  a  new  elevator  loads  a  2500-ton 
vessel  with  iron  ore  in  a  day. 


Fib    1,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


7T 


SOOD  iuE^LTH. 


The  Prevailing  Disease. 

The  previilinf;  diieane,  "  U  grippe,"  is  itill 
holding  Bwiy  over  moet  p»rta  of  liaropo,  aa 
well  aa  the  United  SUtea.  Id  tbia  ooantry, 
and  especially  on  this  ooaat,  it  aeems  to  have 
taken  on  a  much  milder  type  than  elsewhere. 
Contrary  to  common  report,  it  is  no  respecter 
of  persons — it  extends  its  grip  to  all  alike,  rich 
or  poor,  learned  or  anlearned, 

Altbongh  it  is  no  new  thing,  atill  ita  ohar- 
aoteriatiCB  and  mode  of  treatment  do  not  aeem 
to  have  been  so  oarefnlly  atudied  during  any  of 
Its  former  manifestations  as  during  the  present 

one. 

Ita  Germ  Origin  Proven. 

One  of  the  most  important  disooveriea  con- 
nected with  ita  present  manifestation  is  the 
quite  generally  conceded  fact  that  it  is  pro- 
uuoed  by  "bactoria;"  and  quite  recently,  by 
telegraph,  from  Vienna  of  Jan.  22d,  we  are  in- 
formed that  two  physicians  of  that  city,  after 
eome  two  months  ot  study  and  research,  have 
succeeded  in  discovering  the  particular  "  bac- 
oillns  "  which  is  producing  the  "  grippe."  It 
is  described  as  new,  and  differing  materially 
from  any  heretofore  discovered.  Its  dis- 
tinguishing mark  is  the  form  of  the  head,  which 
is  mltro-shaped.  Uence  it  is  called  Bishop 
bacteria.  This  unwelcome  visitor  is,  moreover, 
said  to  be  the  most  active  of  all  the  microbes 
yet  discovered,  it  being  almost  impossible  for 
the  eye  to  follow  its  movements  even  with 
the  aid  of  the  moat  powerful  microscope.  From 
the  marvelous  activity  which,  it  la  reported, 
they  ahow  In  their  movements,  one  can  readily 
imagine  the  deatruction  they  can  cauae  when 
once  they  secure  a  lodgment  in  the  human 
system.  The  chief  of  the  two  ditooverera  has 
been  for  six  years  profeaaor  of  baclerialogy  at 
the  Uoiveraity  of  Wurtemburg.  He  has  suc- 
ceeded, with  these  microbes,  in  producing  in- 
Uaenzi  in  rabbits  by  innoculation,  thus  proving 
the  gennineneis  of  this  discovery. 

In  his  researches  to  learn  the  source  of  these 
microbes,  be  soon  found  them  in  water  from  a 
-  well  in  the  Syrian  mountains,  more  than  .SOO 
miles  distant  from  Vienna.  Not  less  than  228 
specimens  were  counted  in  a  half  cubic  inch 
of  that  pure  mountain  well-water. 
Nature  of  the  Disease. 
An  eminent  retired  Boston  phyaioian  has 
qaite  recently  given  to  the  Boston  .fferaW  acme 
interesting  and  especially  valuable  information 
as  to  the  nature  and  treatment  of  the  disease 
which  is  well  worth  consideration.  He  says 
the  malady  Is  not  a  diseafle  proper,  but  a  dis- 
order, and  oontined  chiefly  to  the  nervous  sys- 
tem. It  is  a  safe,  but  a  very  uncomfortable, 
disorder.  It  does  not  cause  pneumonia;  but  it 
increases  the  sueceptibility,  in  the  old,  fefible 
and  young,  to  the  attack  of  that  malady.  It  is 
the  old-fashioned  macros  fever,  not  at  all  dan- 
gerous of  itself.  It  is  not  contagious.  A  per- 
son exposed  in  any  way  to  its  peculiar  microbes 
is  liable  to  Its  attack.  The  disease  does  not 
manifest  itself  with  invariable  symptoms.  In 
some  persons  it  appears  as  a  true  fever — "  little 
fever  " — and  the  air  passages  are  not  affected. 
In  others,  there  are  all  the  distressing  mani- 
festations of  a  severe  **  cold  in  the  bead."  In 
the  fever  type,  quinine  acts  well — in  large 
doses — and  ia  a  sate  medicine  to  give.  In  other 
types  but  little  good  is  derived  from  it. 

The  Treatment;  of  the  Dlseaae, 
Aooordiog  to  this  physician,  ia  recommended  as 
fol'ows: 

As  soon  as  one  feels  the  first  symptoms,  he 
should  at  once  go  home,  either  take  a  hot,  full 
bath  or  foot  bath,  and  get  into  bed  and  stay 
there  for  three  days.  This  matter  of  confine- 
ment to  bed  for  the  length  of  time  stated  ia  an 
important  one;  there  would  bs  some  danger  in 
leaving  It  sooner.  He  will  do  well  also  to  send 
for  a  physician;  but  if  he  must  treat  himself, 
let  him  take  aoetanilide.  It  is  safe  if  need  in 
anything  like  reason.  Druggists  have  on  sale 
five. grain  tablets  of.  this  medicine.  An  adult 
may  take  one  tablet  every  hour,  if  needed,  for 
several  hours.  Aoetanilide  lowers  the  fever 
and  relieves  the  pain  in  the  head  and  body,  and 
it  also  quiets  restlessness.  Probably  the  good 
effects  of  the  drug  will  be  apparent  after  the 
second  or  third  dose.  If  so,  it  need  not  be 
taken  oftener  than  two,  three  or  four  hours, 
as  the  ease  may  be.  If  the  attack  does  not 
yield  within  six  hours,  one  tablet  of  aoetanilide 
may  be  taken  every  hour  during  that  time. 
After  that,  it  is  best  to  dose  a  little  less  often 
and  take  a  tablet,  say,  every  three  or  four 
hours  if  needed.  As  soon  as  improvement  is 
noted,  the  intervals  between  the  doses  should 
be  lengthened,  and  discontinued  altogether  as 
soon  as  the  fever  is  rapidly  abating  and  the 
pains  are  subsiding.  Some  time  during  the 
first  24  hours,  it  will  be  well  to  take  a  purge; 
two  or  three  compound  cathartic  pills  will  act 
-  freely. 

As  to  the  dietetio  treatment,  the  starvation 
sort  is  the  best,  at  least  for  persona  attacked 
while  in  fairly  robust  health.  Milk  will  meet 
all  the  requirements.  Stimulanta  are  forbid- 
den, except,  of  oourse,  they  be  ordered  by  a 
physician.  The  headache  in  "influenzi"  is 
not  likely  to  yield  until  the  associate  eymptoms 
have  abated.  Some  relief  can  be  obtained  from 
an  application  of  menthol — one  drachm  in  ten 
drachms  of  alcohol.  This  should  be  applied 
with  a  small  sponge.  Hot  foot  batb«  adminis- 
tered onoe  la  six  or  eight  hours  at  first  have 


acme  good  effect,  easing  the  head  a  little  and 
tending  to  quiet  the  reatleasness.  Muatard 
pastea  can  be  applied  to  the  back  and  other 
painful  parts. 

As  to  Preventive  Treatment- 
It  is  a  positive  fact  that  those  who  live  gen- 
erously and  exercise  but  little,  and  so  allow 
their  systems  to  become  ohoked  np  with  waste, 
are  the  most  liable  to  take  cold.  It  appears, 
also,  that  th'ise  who  take  cold  the  easiest  are 
the  readiest  victims  to  the  prevailing  distemper. 
Hence  to  eat  lightly  and  only  of  simple  and 
easily  digestible  fooda,  wonid  auggeat  itaelf  aa 
one  of  the  important  essentials.  To  exercise 
freely  in  the  open  air  is  another.  The  bowels 
should  be  active.  If  they  are  naturally  so, 
they  need  not  be  interfered  with;  but  if  not, 
they  should  be  stimulated  by  laxative  foods, 
fruits,  etc.,  or  by  some  gently  acting  medicine. 
Hot  drinks,  be  they  tea,  coffee  or  alcoholic 
stimulants,  should  be  eschewed.  To  dress 
properly,  live  in  pure  air,  and  be  discreet  under 
exposure,  are  other  essentials  to  health,  and  so 
are  important  as  preventive  measures.  The 
medicinal  treatment  recommended  in  the  fore- 
going is  for  adults  only. 


QsEFUL  Inforjviatio>. 


Thk  Prochss  of  Cleaning  Clothes. — The 
mystery  to  many  people  how  the  aoourera  of 
old  olothee  oao  make  them  almost:  as  good  as 
new  is  f  xplained  in  the  Americayi  Analyist  as 
follows :  Take,  for  Instanoe,  a  shiny  old  coat, 
vest  or  pair  of  pants  of  broadcloth,  cassimere 
or  diagonal.  The  scourer  makes  a  strong,  warm 
soapBuds,  and  planges  the  garment  into  it, 
souses  it  np  and  down,  rubs  the  dirty  places  ; 
if  necessary,  pats  it  through  a  second  time, 
then  rinBes  it  throngh  several  waters  and  hangs 
it  up  to  dry  on  the  line.  When  nearly  dry,  he 
takes  it  in,  rolls  It  up  for  an  hour  or  two,  and 
then  presses  it.  An  old  ootton  cloth  is  laid  on 
the  outside  of  the  coat  and  the  iron  passed  over 
that  until  the  wrinkles  are  out ;  but  the  iron  is 
removed  before  the  steam  ceases  to  rise  from 
the  goods,  else  they  would  be  shiny.  Wrinkles 
that  are  obstinate  are  removed  by  laying  a  wet 
oloth  over  them  and  passing  the  iron  over  that, 
If  any  shiny  places  are  seen  they  are  treated  as 
the  wrinkles  are — the  iron  is  lifted  while  the 
full  cload  of  steam  rises  and  brings  the  nap  up 
with  it.  Good  broadcloth  and  Its  fellow  cloths 
will  bear  many  washingSj  and  look  better  every 
time  because  of  them.  The  same  treatment 
may  be  applied  to  women's  dress  goods.  If  all 
wool,  they  may  be  renovated  to  look  like  new. 


The  Defalcations  of  Rogues  during  1889, 
in  the  United  States,  each  of  whose  stealings 
have  equaled  or  f'xceeded  the  amount  of  $100- 
000,  aggregate  §8,562,753,  or  an  average  of 
1^329,813  each.  The  number  of  these  big  rogues 
was  only  23.  If  to  them  were  added  all  the 
minor  rognes,  who  have  stolen  less  than  $100,- 
000  each,  the  general  aggregate  wonld  probably 
be  more  than  doubled,  giving  a  sum  equal  to 
the  total  expenses  of  the  Navy  Department  for 
the  past  year,  or  fully  half  that  of  the  War 
Dapartment.  It  does  seem  as  though  saoh  an 
immense  aggregate  of  thieving  should  and 
might  in  some  way  be  reduced.  The  proposed 
closing  of  the  Canadian  thief  quarters,  if  car- 
ried out,  will  probably  effect  acme  redaction 
daring  the  present  year. 

Increase  of  Wealth.— The  $40,000  000  left 
by  John  Jacob  Aator,  In  1849,  has  grown  to 
$200,000,000.  If  this  property  continues  to  in* 
crease  at  the  above  rate  for  40  years  more,  it 
will  aggregate  $1,000,000,000!  And  why 
should  it  not  thus  continue  ?  This,  like  many 
other  wealthy  families,  have  adopted  a  policy 
to  secure  their  chief  accumulations  to  the  heads 
of  their  respective  families.  Experience  shows 
that  such  fortunes  are  not  widely  distributed, 
^ave  our  statesmen  given  a  due  aonsideration 
of  wbat  will  be  the  result  of  such  or  even  an 
approximate  accumulation  in  the  hands  of  say 
50  of  our  present  most  wealthy  families  within 
the  next  50  years  ? 


Engijnjeef^ing  I]otes. 

Ancient  Engineering. 

We  talk  a  great  deal  about  the  wonderful 
aohieTements  of  modern  times  In  canal  bailding, 
tunaeling  and  other  exoavationi,  too  often  for- 
getting or  oonaidering  of  little  account  anoient 
aohievementa  of  like  character. 

DlvertlnfE  the  Euphrates. 

The  earliest  work  of  magaitnde  of  this  ohar- 
aoter  of  whloh  we  have  any  direct  knowledge  is 
probably  the  tnrniog  of  the  Euphrates  by  Cyrus 
as  a  means  for  hla  entry  into  Babylon.  This  work 
was  determined  upon  only  after  a  two  years' 
siege.  The  great  depth  and  width  of  this  river 
are  sutfioient  to  stamp  this  piece  of  engineering 
work  as  one  of  vast  magnitude  and  no  little 
difficulty,  to  say  nothing  of  the  fact  that  ita  ac- 
complishment led  to  the  downfall  of  the  mighti- 
est city  of  ancient,  or  perhaps  of  modern,  times. 

The  Next  Great  Feat 

Of  this  kind  was  aooompliahed  by  Xerxes,  480 
B.  C,  who  out  a  canal  across  the  iathmus  of 
Mount  Athoa  to  facilitate  hia  conqueat  of 
Greece.  The  work  was  herculean  in  charac- 
ter, especially  when  we  consider  the  inefficient 
means  for  such  work  at  the  command  of  the  en- 
gineers of  those  days.  His  flaet  of  over  a  thou- 
sand ships  was  enabled  to  pass  through  and 
thereby  avoid  the  dread  dangers  of  the  atormy 
promontories  whloh  had  been  the  ruin  of  so 
many  ships  before  his  day. 

The  Original  Suez  Canal. 
We  can  say  but  little  of  this  work,  as  we 
know  of  it  only  by  the  excavations  whioh  were 
found  by  the  engineers  of  the  present  canal, 
which  follows  very  nearly  the  oourse  of  the  old 
one.  In  regard  to  when  or  by  whom  that  great 
work  was  accomplished,  history  is  silent. 
The  Dralnaae  of  the  Valley  of  the  City  of 
Mexico. 
Aa  is  well  known,  the  City  of  Mexico  is  situ- 
ated in  a  deep  valley,  anrrounded  by  mount- 
ains everywhere  except  at  one  point  where  a 
narrow  canyon  furnishes  a  limited  ontlet  for 
the  immense  body  of  water  which  flows  into 
that  valley,  especially  during  the  heavy  rains 
whioh  sometimes  almost  deluge  the  city  and  ita 
aurroundings.  This  great  danger  and  discom- 
fort to  health  and  commerce  was  seen  and  felt 
by  the  early  Spaniah  invadera  who  took  poaaes- 
sion  of  that  ancient  city,  and  meaaures  were 
taken  to  abate  it.  The  first  plan  a^lopted  to 
accomplish  this  work  consisted  of  an  attempt 
to  divert  the  waters  of  one  of  the  principal  riv- 
ers from  ita  natural  channel  to  the  outer  slope 
of  the  watershed  and  thus  prevent  their  reach- 
ing the  plain  of  the  city.  To  effect  this,  a 
channel  had  to  be  dug  and  a  tunnel  over  three 
miles  in  length  had  to  be  excavated.  The  work 
was  completed,  but  it  failed  to  accomplish  the 
purpose  desired  on  account  of  the  tunnel  be- 
coming constantly  choked  with  debris.  This 
trouble  was  remedied  by  converting  the 
tunnel  into  an  open  out.  The  original  work 
was  begun  in  1607.  but  the  open  cut  was  not 
completed  until  152  years  later.  Daring  the 
accomplishment  of  the  first  work  it  is  said  that 
470,000  natives  were  employed,  and  50,000  per- 
ished from  aiokneas  and  oasualtiea.  In  the 
after-work  of  converting  the  tunnel  into  an 
open  cut,  the  labor  was  enormous.  The  length 
of  the  cutting  was  about  13  miles,  and  for  the 
distance  of  nearly  a  mile  through  the  rooky  di- 
vide, the  width  of  the  opening  at  the  top  was 
from  270  to  360  foot,  and  the  perpendicular 
depth  from  147  to  196  feet.  For  the  dintanceof 
nearly  3  miles,  the  depth  was  from  98  to  164  feet. 
Humboldt  visited  and  examined  this  work  in 
1804  and  found  the  width  of  the  ohsnnel  at  the 
bottom  to  be  from  9  to  13  feet,  with  aide  elopes 
from  40°  to  45°.  Sach  work  aooompliahed  at 
that  age  of  imperfect  appliances  waa  truly  won- 
derful and  may  well  be  compared  with  the 
Suez  or  any  other  canal  work  of  the  present 
day.      '      __^ 


log  storage  batteries  baa  been  to  overcome  the 
scaling  of  the  plates,  buckling  and  plugs  com- 
ing out.  3ome  time  ago  the  first  ditficulty  was 
overcome;  and  now  Messrs.  Bradbury  and 
Stone  have  cleared  away  and  do  away  with  the 
last  two  troublesome  points.  The  Invention 
comes  forward  as  the  lightest  battery  of  Its 
kind  and  oapabtlity  yet  invented. 


Ax  Ele(tkifiei)  Tkhk. — The  residents  of 
Wilmington  (Dal.?)  were  recently  very  much 
agitated  over  the  peculiar  oonclition  of  a  maple 
tree  which  stood  in  one  of  the  public  streets  of 
that  town.  It  waa  observed  that  whenever 
any  one  touched  the  tree,  a  slight  electric 
shook  seemed  to  be  imparted  to  the  person. 
The  email  boys  after  fooling  with  it  awhile  con- 
cluded to  let  it  alone.  The  same  disposition 
seemed  to  seize  upon  the  older  citizens  when 
they  came  to  investigate.  The  force  of  the 
shocks  seemed  to  grow  atronger  from  day  to 
day  until  the  treebeoame  the  wonder  of  the  oity 
and  all  the  neighboring  country.  Finally  aome 
one  of  an  investigating  and  soientitic  turn  of 
mind  came  along,  and  on  looking  into  ita 
branohea  noticed  that  several  insulated  electrio 
wirea  passed  along,  near  and  against  some  of  its 
upper  branches.  This  gentleman  solved  the 
mystery  at  onoe.  The  inanlation  of  the  wires 
had  become  softened  by  the  frequent  late  rains, 
and  by  constant  rubbing  had  brought  the  wires 
in  direct  oontaot  with  the  green  branches, 
which  attracted  a  portion  of  the  current  and 
carried  the  same  to  the  ground.  Although  the 
current  thus  conveyed  waa  not  eutfioient  to  in- 
jure a  person,  yet  it  waa  quite  antficient  to  con- 
jure  up  a  seven-days*  wooder  for  the  usually 
quiet  town  of  Wilmington. 


As  THE  Manchester  Ship  Oanal  approaches 
completion,  a  number  of  similar  projects  are  be- 
ing brought  forward  to  connect  other  interior 
cities  with  the  coast. 


Germany's  Boating  exhibition  will  visit  80 
porta  on  its  world's  trip.  It  is  a  much  grander 
affair  than  our  *'  Oaltfornia  on  Wheels," 


E'_ECTPjeiTY. 


Hoisting  Ropes. — Oiling  a  hoisting  rope, 
which  ia  exposed  to  the  weather,  may  posaibly 
give  it  a  longer  life,  yet  as  a  drawback  it  is 
certain  that  it  induces  a  species  of  heating 
and  tends  to  spontaneous  combustion.  Oo 
ships,  atandtog  rigging  or  ropes  are  tarred,  to 
preserve  them;  but  all  running  rigging  is  left 
iiyits  natural  state.  Wire  hoiating  ropes  are 
now  made  with  hemp  corea^  which  are  said  to 
be  tery  durable. 


Preparing  Milk  for  Shipment.  —  A  Chi- 
cago chemist  has  devised  a  method  of  so  pre- 
paring milk,  after  a  small  portion  of  the  water 
has  been  removed  from  it,  that  when  fo  purified 
and  refined,  it  will  keep  aweet  for  fully  30  daya, 
and  can  be  shipped  anywhere,  and  when  the 
water  haa  been  replaced,  is  in  aa  good  if  not 
better  condition  as  when  it  left  the  cow,  and 
cannot  be  distinguished  from  milk  six  hours 
old.  

Digging  Earthworms. — Some  one  who  has 
had  experience  says:  *' I  supposed  everyone 
who,  when  a  boy,  dug  earthworms  for  bait 
fishing,  was  familiar  with  the  fact  that  they 
will  come  to  the  surface  if  the  ground  is 
thumped.  Whether  they  do  so  thinking  it  is 
rain  or  becauae,  as  I  think  more  probable,  they 
find  the  vibration  anoomfortable,  I  do  not 
know," 


A  New  Electric  Storage  Battery. 

A  patent  has  recently  been  granted  to 
Messrs.  Bradbury  &  Stone  of  Lowell,  Mass., 
for  a  new  storage  battery  whioh  it  ia  claimed 
preaenta  decided  advantages  over  any  one  now 
in  use.  The  same  principle  of  construction  is 
used  in  this  battery  es  obtains  in  most  storage 
batteries,  except  in  the  maiioer  of  conatruotion 
of  the  plates  which  are  inserted  in  the  acid. 
Here  lies  the  secret  of  their  battery,  whioh 
they  claim  can  be  built  25  per  cent  cheaper 
than  any  other  battery,  while  25  per  cent  more 
power  can  be  developed  from  it.  The  con- 
struction of  the  platps  ia  peculiar.  The  aizi  of 
t^e  plates  ia  but  6s  6  inchea,  while  some  36  or 
38  feet  of  lead,  in  strips,  is  so  braided  or  looped 
in  tiers  that  the  liquid  acts  npnn  both  sides  of 
the  plate  or  a  aurfuce  of  72  or  76  feet.  Before 
patting  the  plates  into  the  battery- jir,  the  in- 
numerable number  of  pockets  on  either  aide  of 
the  plate  are  filled  with  powdered  oxide  of  lead, 
whioh  after  being  pressed  hard,  the  plates  are 
placed  into  the  acid  in  the  jar  and  the  current 
turned  on  aimultaneously,  thereby  hardening 
the  oxide  of  lead  and  making  all  platea  solid 
and  stiff.  The  idea  is  to  get  a  plate  with  a 
large  surface,  which  is  obtained  by  this  method 
of  getting  pockets  on  each  side  and  ao  held  to- 
gether that  should  a  strong  _  resistance  pass 
through  the  wirea  connected  with  the  batteries, 
the  plates  would  not  buokle  or  the  plugs  fall 
out,    The  great  trouble  in  the  matter  of  build- 


Underoroond  Wires  for  San  Francisco  — 
John  I.  Sabin  of  the  Pacific  Bill  Telephone  Co. 
appeared  before  the  Street  Committee  of  the 
Supervisors  for  this  city  and  urged  that  a  favor- 
able report  be  made  on  the  petition  of  the  cor- 
poration for  a  franohiae  to  lay  their  wires 
underground,  Mr.  Sabin  explained  the  system 
of  laying  the  wires  in  conduita.  He  aaid  it  waa 
proposed  to  adopt  the  system  now  in  use  in 
Chicago.  The  conduita  would  be  large  enough 
for  telegraphic  and  telephooic  purposes.  They 
would  be  eight  inches  square,  and  would  hold 
600  wires.  It  may  be  intereeting  to  know,  in 
this  connection,  what  is  being  done  in  New 
York  in  regard  to  putting  the  wires  in  that 
oity  underground.  From  an  exchange  we  learn 
that  the  proportion  of  electrio-light  wires  in 
Kew  York  city  whioh  have  already  been  laid  in 
the  subways  to  those  still  remaining  overhead 
is  about  as  follows  :  The  United  States  Illumi- 
nating Company,  with  about  600  miles  of  live 
and  dead  wire  above  ground,  has  50  miles  of 
eobway  wire,  of  whioh  15  miles  are  working. 
The  Manhattan  Company,  with  about  200  miles 
of  wire  above  ground,  has  26  miles  of  subway 
wire,  of  which  26  miles  are  working.  The 
Mount  Morris  Company  has  about  30  miles  of 
overhead  wire,  and  1  2-5  milea  in  aubwaya,  all 
working.  The  Brash  Company,  with  about 
600  milea  of  overhead  wires,  has  35  miles  in  sub- 
ways and  already  usee  19  miles.  The  East 
Kiver  Company  haa  about  200  miles  of  wire 
overhead,  none  underground.  The  Edison  Com- 
pany, incandescent  and  low  tension,  has  every 
mile  of  ita  232  miles  of  wire  in  subways,  Jan- 
nary  Ist  last  there  were  5196  miles  of  wire  of 
all  sorts  in  use  in  subways.  On  October  1st 
the  subways  held  9649  milea  of  wire  in  nae. 

Buys  a  Mine. — George  Westinghoase  now 
requires  so  large  a  supply  of  copper  in  his 
various  lines  of  business,  particularly  in  his 
electrical  works,  that  he  has  recently  bought  a 
valuable  copper  mine  in  Arizona,  from  which 
he  proposes  to  obtain  his  own  supply  of  copper. 
His  electric  company  alone  uses  several  million 
pounds  of  copper  every  year  in  the  manufacture 
of  electrical  machinery,  and  by  having  its  own 
mines  the  saving  in  the  cost  of  copper  will 
amount  to  a  conaiderable  sum  each  year.  It  ia 
alao  intended  to  get  beyond  reach  of  the  pro- 
poaed  Lake  Superior  copper  ayndioate.  The 
mine  will  give  employment  to  about  300  men. 

Extent  of  Electrical  Wires. — A  French 
electrical  journal  estimates  that  the  total 
length  of  the  telegraph  wires  (iucluding  sub- 
marine cablet)  of  the  world  in  uae  at  the  pres* 
ent  time  exoeeda  500,000  miles,  Four-fiftha  of 
the  land  wirea  are  in  Europe  and  America.  All 
the  submarine  cables  together  give  a  length  of 
89,050  miles. 


The  Electrical  Industry.  —  The  Edison 
Machine  Worke  at  Schenectady,  N".  Y.,  already 
employ  some  1300  men,  and  when  the  exten- 
sions are  completed  probably  twice  that  num- 
ber will  be  rf  quired.  It  is  estimated  that  250,- 
000  persons  iu  the  Uoited  States  are  eog 
in  basinesa  depending  aolely  on  electricity. 

Four  telegraphic  measages  can  now  be  trans- 
mitted over  one  wire  at  one  time  by  using  the 
qaadruplex  system, 


78 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Feb.  1,  1890 


A..  T,   DEWEY.  W.  B.  EWBB. 

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Saturday,    February   i,    1890. 


TABLE  OF  CONTENTS. 


ILLUSTBATIONS.— Method  of  Quarrying  Out  Large 
Blocks  of  Sandstone;  A  California  40-Stamp  Gold-Mill 
With  Concentrator,  71. 

BDITOBLALS.— Sandstone;  A  Modem  Gold-Mill,  71. 
The  Year's  Work  at  the  Mining  Bureau;  Taxes  on  Real 
Property;  The  Astronomical  Societv,  75.  Passing 
Events;  Mining  Review  for  1SS9,  78-85. 

MISOBLLANBOOa.— Locked  Up;  The  Canas  Min- 
ing Concession;  Valuable  Deposits;  A  Gold  Medal; 
Honduras  Mines;  Stock  Exchange  Committees;  Utah's 
Metal  Product  for  1SS9;  Stewart's  Mining  Bill;  Nevada's 
Salt  Mountains;  Silver  Discount,  72.  Snow-Shoeing 
in  the  Sierra;  American  Coke  and  Coal  in  Europe; 
What  IB  Latent  Heat,  73. 

MINING  aUMMARY— From  the  various  counties 
of  California,  Nevada,  Arizona,  Colorado,  Idaho,  Mon- 
tana, New  Mexico,  Orecon,  Utah,  Wyoming,  74-75. 

MEOHANICAL  PROGRESS.— The  Railway  and 
the  Shop;  Can  Iron  Be  Glued;  A  Notable  Casting;  Per- 
fect Screws;  The  OEhfir  Side  of  the  Watch-Spring 
Story;  Miscellaneous,  76- 

80IENTIFIG  PROGRESS.— Thermal  Repulsion; 
Chinese  Theory  of  Evolution;  The  Study  of  Eclipses; 
DifEerent  Heat-Conducting  Powers  of  Metals;  Control- 
ling tlia  Bouquet  of  Wine;  An  Aerolite  at  Sea;  Economy 
in  Combustion;  Miscellaneous,  76. 

GOOD  HEALTH.— The  Prevailing  Disease,  77. 

USEFUL.  INFORMATION.  —  The  Process  of 
Cleaning  Clothes;  Increase  of  Wealth;  Hoisting  Ropes; 
Preparing  Milk  for  Shipment;  Digging  Earthworms; 
Miscellaneous,  77. 

ENGINEERING  NOTBS.-AnoieDt  Engineering; 
A  New  Electric  Storage  Batterj';  An  Electrified  Tree; 
Miscellaneous,  77. 

BLBCTRICITy.— Underground  Wires  (or  San  Fran- 
cisco; Buys  a  Mine;  Extent  of  Electrical  Wires;  The 
Electrical  Industry,  77. 

MINING  STOCK  MARKET.— Sales  at  the  San 
Francisco  Stock  Board,  Notices  of  Meetlners,  Assess* 
ments.  Dividends,  and  Bullion  Shipments,  86. 

Business  AnnonnGements. 

(NEW  THIS  ISBOB.] 

Mining  Machinerj- Joshua  Hendy  Machine  Works. 
Leather  Belting,  Etc. — Alex.  Heioa. 

i^  See  Advertising  Columns. 


Passing  Events. 

The  storms  in  the  mountains  have  oontinned, 
greatly  hindering  mining  operationa  and  doing 
great  damage.  In  most  of  the  mining  seotions 
the  shipment  of  ore  to  the  mills  is  impossible, 
owing  to  the  state  of  the  roads,  and  very  little 
work  is  being  done.  There  have  been  no  bullion 
shipments  for  weeks. 

There  has  been  daily  expectation  that  the 
snow  blockade  on  the  Central  Pacific  would  be 
broken,  but  it  has  lasted  over  two  weeks,  and 
it  was  not  till  Thursday  night  the  trains  were  re- 
leased from  the  snow.  Immense  damage  has  been 
done  to  railroad  property  in  California,  there 
having  been  elides,  caves  and  washouts  in  all 
directions.  Many  bridges  have  be&n  washed 
away  on  all  the  roads.  It  is  not  thought  the 
Oregon  road  will  be  cleared  for  weeks. 

We  give  this  week  considerable  E<pao6  to  a 
review  of  mining  operations  for  1S89.  Much 
statistical  information  is  placed  before  onr 
readers  which  will  be  useful  for  reference. 

Fears  are  felt  for  the  safety  of  isolated  min- 
ers in  the  mountain  counties,  owing  to  the 
severe  storms.  Already  there  are  reports  of 
tbe  death  of  men  who  were  snowed  in  and  un- 
able to  get  provisions  or  assistance. 


The  mines  and  mills  at  Grass  Valley  are 
gradually  resuming  work.  The  North  Star 
has  resumed  milling  operations,  with  20  stamps, 
by  means  of  water  obtained  from  the  Green- 
horn ditoh. 


Mining  in  1889. 

Progress  and  Condition  of  the  Industry. 

The  pEkBt  year  has  been  a  prosperous  one  for 
the  mining  induBtry  of  the  Facifio  States  and 
Territories.  Tbe  oatpnt  of  bnllion  aggregates 
$127,677,836,  against  $114,341,592  in  1888. 
This  is  the  largest  annual  product  ever  made. 
It  mast  be  remembered,  however,  that  the 
lead  and  copper  outputs  have  increased  greatly 
of  late  years,  especially  in  Montana,  Idaho, 
Utah  and  Oolorado. 

The  following  is  Wells,  Fargo  &  Co.'s  annual 
report  of  precious  metals  produced  in  the  States 
and  Territories  west  of  the  Missouri  river  (in- 
cluding British  Columbia,  and  receipts  by  ex- 
press from  the  west  coast  of  Mexico)  during 
1889,  which  shows  in  the  aggregate:  Gold, 
332,974,643;  silver,  ?65  316,107;  copper,  $14,- 
793,763;  lead,  $14,593,323.  Total  gross  result, 
$127,677,836.  The  "  commercial "  value  at 
which  the  several  metals  named  herein  have 
been  estimated,  is:  Silver,  94  cts.  per  oz  ;  cop> 
per,  10  cts.  per  lb,;  and  lead,  $3.80  per  cwt. 


B: 


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OCT  ODi—OJ 


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Gold  (luat  and  bullion 
by  express. 


Gold  riuat  and  bull- 
ion by  other  con- 
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Silver  bullion  by  ex- 


Ores  and  bane  bullion 
by  freight. 


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I*'  03- 


The  cross  yield  for  1889,  shown  above,  segregated,  is 
approx  mately  as  follows: 

Go'd 2583 832.9746^3 

Silver 51.15 65.316,107 

Copper 11  59 14,793.763 

Lead 11.43 14,593.323 

Total 3127,677,836 


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The  exports  of  silver  duniij?  the  past  rear  to  Japan 
China,  the  Straits,  etc.,   have   been   as  follows:     From 

k''^t?\S^m'?}*'^  '"^^^  ^'^^  Francisco.  $18,422.39^ 
lotftl,  §67.664,712,  as  against  S43,O06,6lS  last  year. 
Pounds  Bterhng  estimated  at  $4.84.  ^ 


Aa  in  former  repoita,  allowance  must  be  made 
for  probable  variationa  from  exact  figures,  by 
reaaon  of  constantly  inoreaeing  faoilitiea  for 
transporting  bullion,  ores  and  base  metals  from 
the  mines  outBide  of  the  expreaa,  and  the  diffi- 
culty of  getting  entirely  reliBble  data  horn  pri- 


rate  soarces.  Especially  is  euch  the  case  in 
the  reports  from  Montana  and  Colorado.  Sta- 
tistics gathered  in  this  way  are  liable  to  be 
exaggerated;  but,  with  some  modifications  on 
this  account,  already  made,  the  final  general 
resnlts  reached  may  be  expected  as  approxi- 
mately correct. 

The  following  showed  gaina  in  product  last 
year  over  188S  :  Oalifornia,  Oregon,  Washing- 
ton, Alaska,  Idaho,  Utah,  Colorado,  New  Mex- 
ioo,  Arizona  and  Dakota;  both  Montana  and 
Nevada  show  a  decrease.  Montana's  figures 
for  last  year  were  $32,376,000,  and  this  year 
$31,726,923.  Idaho  ahows  the  most  marked 
advance,  having  produced  this  year  $17,344,- 
600,  against  $S,6S5.000  in  1S88.  Her  lead 
product  increased  greatly  last  year.  California 
shows  an  increase  from  $12,063,488  in  1888  to 
$12,842,757  iu  1889.  Still  the  actual  yield  of 
metallic  products  is  even  greater  for  this  State, 
since  it  yields  a  number  of  other  substances 
not  noted  in  the  table.  For  instance,  no  other 
State  produces  quicksilver,  and  California  last 
year  turned  out  25,650  fiasks,  valued  at  $1,15'4,- 
000.  In  addition,  we  mine  chrome,  antimony, 
borax,  coal,  copper,  gypsum,  salt,  and  numer- 
ous other  things.  The  petroleum  interests  of 
the  State  are  also  very  large. 

Mining*  Dividends. 

It  is  rather  difficult  to  obtain  any  reliable 
statistics  of  mining  dividends  even  of  the  in- 
corporated companies.  Much  of  the  incorpo- 
rated dividend-paying  concerns  are  now  in  Col- 
orado, Montana,  Michigan  and  Idaho,  owned 
and  operated  by  Eastern  companies,  and  the 
records  are  not  always  reliable.  In  California 
much  of  the  money  comes  from  unincorporated 
compauies,  and  the  dividends  are  quietly  di- 
vided without  any  advertising  or  publication, 
so  it  is  impossible  to  get  any  record  of  them  at 
all.  In  fact,  such  matters  are  kept  quiet,  as 
any  ordinary  business  is.  The  mmes,  of 
which  there  are  many  owned  by  individuals, 
or  a  few  persons,  are  in  the  same  category,  and 
no  information  is  given  as  to  tbe  profits  derived. 
It  is,  therefore,  difficult  to  give  any  accurate 
figures  regarding  the  profits  of  mining,  espe* 
oially  in  California,  and  the  amounts  appended 
are  only  those  of  inooroorated  companies.  The 
statistician  of  the  BuUtiin  has  gone  care- 
fully over  these  figures  and  endeavored  to  ob- 
tain something  reliable,  but,  as  stated,  they 
only  refer  to  incorporated  companies,  the  pri- 
vate mines  being  omitted  entirely. 

In  Alaska  there  is  only  one  mine  that  has 
paid  ajldividend — that  is,  one  "company"  mine. 
The  Alaska  N.-M.  paid  regular  dividends 
of  25  cuts  a  share  through  the  year— $300,000 
for  1839.  This  mine  has  paid  altogether  in 
dividends  $650,000. 

In  Arizona,  the  Copper  Q  aeen  mine  paid  one 
dividend  of  $70,000  in  1889.  This  mine  paid 
its  first  dividend  in  ISSl,  and  the  total  to  date 
is  twenty-two  dividends  of  $1,410,000,  of 
which  $210,000  is  credited  to  the  present  man- 
agement in  the  nast  two  years.  There  were  no 
dividends  in  1885.  1886  or  1887. 

Thn  following  California  mmes  paid  dividends 
in  1889: 

Dividends.    Amount. 

Cbompion 3  ;f3ii.O  '0 

Delhi 6  50,UOO 

Derbec  Blue  Gravel 3  ;-<0,000 

Idaho  Quartz 11  1  6,fi00 

^'Japa  Con  Q 5  50,010 

Notth  Star 2  90,00ij 

Plumas  Eareka 2  123  OIG 

Quicksilver. 2  19:i,107 

Young  America 1  10,000 

Totals 35  8702,163 

The  Idaho  dropped  out  one  dividend  because 
of  a  fire  in  tbe  mine.  The  number  of  mines  is 
about  the  same  as  in  1888.  but  the  names  are 
not  the  same,  as  the  Plymouth  Con,  Sierra 
Buttes  and  Standard  Con  were  dropped  out 
last  year  and  tbe  Champion,  Derbec  Gravely 
Napa  and  Yonng  America  added.  The  Sierra 
Buttes  is  reported  as  practically  worked  out. 
Forty  of  the  sixty  stamps  of  tbe  Yuba  mill 
company  have  been  moved  to  another  mine  in 
Shasta  county  belonging  to  the  same  English 
corporation. 

Of  coarse  there  are  hundreds  of  other  mines 
in  the  State  paying  well,  bat  they  are  owned 
by  individuals  and  no  record  is  made  public. 
The  Chipps  Flat  mine,  for  instance,  yielded 
$100,000  to  the  work  of  two  men;  and  the 
Stonewall,  in  San  Diego,  belonging  to  Gov- 
ernor Waterman,  pays  $20,000  a  month,  bijt 
these,  like  many  others,  are  not  mentioned  in 
the  lists  of  dividends. 

The  dividend  record  of  the  Oolorado  mines  of 
1SS9  is  aa  follows: 

Dividends. 

American  &  Nettie 6 

Aspen  M.  &  "* 8 

Boston  &  Colorado  Smelting 3 

Calliope 


Colorado  Centrol 4 

Compromise 1 

Dunkin 4 

Evening  Star 2 

Hubert 1 

Iron  Silver 1 

Ivanhoe  1 

Matchh  BB 1 

Mornine  Star 2 

New  California 1 

N  ew  GuatOD 3 

Poorman   1 

Puzzler 1 

Sdver  Cord 1 

Small  Hopes 1 

Ward  Con 2 

Totals 40 


Am'^unt. 

S'^00.000 

320,000 

ISO.OOO 

50,000 

55  000 

126,000 

40,000 

25.000 

5,000 

100,000 

10,000 

5.000 

60,000 

20  522 

187,. ')P0 

15,000 

1  060 

60.000 

25,000 

20,000 


31,606,072 


There  are  several  mines  in  the  above  list  that 
paid  their  first  dividend  last  year.  This  was 
the  case  with  the  American  and  Nettie  mine  at 
Ourav.  Its  first  dividend  of  $30,000  was  paid 
last  July.  The  local  paper  speaks  of  it  as  one 
of  the  wonders  of  the  gold  belt.  Another  is 
the  Compromise,  which  is  reported  to  have 
paid  a  dividend  of  $126,000  laat  July.  The 
Ivanhoe  paid  its  first  dividend  in  June,  Cal- 
liope and  New  California  in  August,  and  Puz- 
zler in  October.  The  Boston  and  Colorado 
Smelting  is  capitalized  in  the  sum  of  $1,000,- 
000.  Ic  paid  regular  dividends  of  2^  per  cent 
in  March  and  July  and  an  extra  one  of  ten  per 
cent  in  April.  The  Small  Hopes  waa  once  the 
leading  dividend  mine  of  Colorado,  The  single 
dividend  by  that  mine  last  year  makes  the 
total  $3  087  500  from  the  start.  The  following 
Colorado  mines  paid  in  1888,  but  not  in  1889: 
Ealipse,  Leadville,  Little  Chief,  Mary  Murphy, 
MaECott  and  Swansea.  Bat  against  these,  six 
dropped  out;  nine  were  added. 

Tbe  dividend  mines  of  Dakota  in  1889  were 
as  follows: 


Caledonia  . . 
Hoaestake  . 
Monitor  


Dividends.  Amount- 

10  §80  OOO 

12  1)57,500 

3  37,500 


Totals 25  S305,OO0 

The  Caledonia  mine  resumed  dividends  in 
November,  1888,  and  paid  for  12  consecutive 
months  before  stopping — the  b^st  the  mine  has 
ever  done.  In  all  it  has  paid  $138,000,  and  the 
stockholders  believe  there  are  other  dividends 
to  come.  The  Homestake  ie  a  veteran  in  the 
dividend  line,  having  paid  nearly  $450,000  in  all. 

The  dividend  record  in  Idaho  Territory,  so 
far  as  advised,  is  aa  follows: 

Dividends. 

Alma  Con \ 

Cojur  d'Alene 4 

Deer  Creek. ., i 

Granite i 

Sierra  Kevada  C jl l 


Amount 
@i5,ono 
70.000 
10,000 
20,00  0 
20,000 

$136,000 


Totile 

The  dividend  of  the  Alma  was  paid  last  Jan- 
uary. Two  dividends  of  the  same  amount  were 
paid  previously.  The  Ccear  d'Alene  paid  its 
first  dividend  of  three  cents  per  share  last  July. 
This  waa  followed  in  August  with  one  of  four 
cents,  and  again  in  September,  and  thnn  one  of 
three  cents  in  November,  making  $70,000  in 
all.  The  Deer  Creek  paid  its  first  dividend  of 
5  cents  per  share,  or  $10,000,  in  1888,  and  its 
fieoond  of  the  same  amount  last  June,  making 
$20,000  in  all.  The  Granite  paid  two  divi- 
dends of  $10,000  in  1888,  making  $30  000  in 
all.  The  Sierra  Nevada  Con.  paid  $20,000  in 
1888,  and  the  same  amount  last  year,  or  $40,- 
000  in  all. 

Following  is  a  list  of  the  dividends  of  the 
Michigan  copper  mines  for  1889; 

Dividends.     Amount. 

Atlantic I  i!p80,000 

(  alumet  and  Hecla 3  1,500.000 

Cent-al l  40,000 

Franklin 1  80,000 

Osceola i  50,000 

Quincy 2  280  00  0 

Tamarack 4  640,000 

Totals ,12  82,670,000 


These  properties  have  paid  better  than  any 
corresponding  number  of  silver  mines  taken  at 
random  in  any  part  of  the  country.  The  Cal- 
umet and  Hecla  has  paid  $32,850,000.  There 
is  only  one  other  mine  in  the  hi'^tory  of  this 
country  that  has  a  better  record  for  dividends, 
and  that  ie  the  Consolidated  Virginia,  which 
paid  $42,930,000  up  to  August.  1880.  The 
next  best  record  was  that  of  the  Oalifr>rnia,  ad- 
joining the  formnr,  wb'ch  paid  $31,320,000  up 
to  December,  1879.  Those  mines  were  subse- 
quently consolidated,  and  under  the  new  or- 
ganization over  $3,000,000  more  has  been  paid. 

There  are  some  lead  mines  in  Missouri,  but 
the  only  one  credited  with  a  dividend  for  1889 
is  the  Webb  City,  which  paid  its  first  four 
monthly  dividends  of  $1100.  The  Pelican 
Eagle  also  paid  two   dividends   of   $5000  each. 

The  dividend  mines  of  Nevada  for  1889  were 
as  follows: 

Dividends. 

Con.  Cal  &  Virginia 10 

Confidence i 

Cortez 1 

Jickson 1 

Mt    Diablo : 2 

Navaj  ) 3 

Pimlico 3 


Totals 21 


31,143,960 


The  Cortez  paid  its  first  and  only  dividend 
laat  May.  It  is  incorporated  in  London.  All 
the  others  have  paid  dividends  in  previous 
years.  The  record  of  dividends  in  1880  by  the 
Montana  mines  is  annexed: 

Divideuds.    Amount. 

Alice 1  S25.000 

Boston  &  Montana 5  525,000 

Cumberland J  15.000 

Granby i  20,000 

G.anite  Mountain 12  2,400,000 

Hecla 12  180,000 

Iron  Mountain i  20.000 

J aj- Gould 6  74,000 

Lexington 1  64.000 

Montana  Limited 2  203,250 

Original i  3,000 

ParrotE ...  1  180,000 

Pyrenees i  5,600  • 

Totals 45  83,714,250 

The  Cumberland  paid  its  first  dividend  in 
December.  The  Granby  M.  and  Smelting  paid 
its  first  and  onJv  dividend  in  the  early  part  of 
the  year;  Iron  Mountain,  its  first  and  only  div- 
idend in  December,  and  Pyrenees,  in  March. 
The  Granite  Moantain  shows  the  largest  divi- 
dend recnrdTof  all  the  Montana  mines,  having 
paid  $7,800, 000- to  date. 
The   Illinois   paid  its  aeoond    dividend   of 


Feb.  1,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


79 


$-20,000,  lut  April.  It  paid  $25,000  in  ISss  or 
prtvionoly.  The  Silver  M..  Go.  of  Las  Vegu 
paid  $'25  000  in  IS^,  aod  tbe  earne  ainoant  io 
Jaoe,  ISSII.  Uader  it«t  former  oame  of  Sierra 
Graade,  previoaa  to  1S8S.  it  paid  ^SGO.OOO 

FoUowioe  is  tbe  record  of  divldeodi  ot    Utah 
mineB  in  188K- 


Dalv 

Horn  Silvc 

ToUU 


Amount 

|*V).(Wo 

.:o,ooo 

1-.M.0UU 
DOO.OOO 
'JiO'-'O 

11,546,00 


The  Woodaide  paid  itx  Hrat  and  only  dlvi 
dend  tD  October,  The  Hurn  Silv^ir  reauraed 
dtvidendi  in  Deoember  alter  a  lapse  of  several 
years. 

A  Bummary  of  tbe  above  dividends,  with 
comparative  yearly  totals,  is  annexed 


Aluka  . 
Arizon't  . 
Calirornii 

C'olor&do 
Dakota 


Mootftoa 13 

Nevada 7 

New  Mexico :........  a 

UUh 5 

ToUU 7& 

Tout  for  IsSS es 

Total  for  1887 65 

Total  for  1886 S8 

TOUI  (or  1886  fiS 

ToUl  for  1884..,.' 84 

ToUlforlSSS «6 

ToUl  for  1882  ei 

TotftI  for  ISSI  ...  «" 


Uioes.  Dividends.  Amount 

,1  li  «3oi),UOO 

...  y  3-.  7t;iM:>:i 

.  .    .20  49  l,605,tl7-.i 

. . .  .    5  8  135,000 

.   7  13  2,070,100 
14.400 


45 
21 

31 

£4S  91 '■!  210,4:^5 

255  13.53*2.04-2 

248  10.468.715 

203  -  lO.oflS  U5S 

ii08  a,2fl6.624 

2i9  <).46-2.074 

•^i  lo.iso.ir.o 

331  l3.3U:^.lf.o 

3J-2  13,053,400 


There  was  a  falling  off  of  $1,300,000  in  these 
dividends,  last  year,  as  oompared  with  ISSS. 
With  this  exception,  the  total  ia  the  largest 
since  ISS2  and  is  aboat  50  percent  larger  than 
in  1S85.  The  Miohifi;an  copper  mines  are  re- 
epODsible  for  over  $800,000  of  the  daorease  last 
year,  the  Nevada  mines  for  ?S3-4,000  and  the 
California  mines  for  ?315,000.  The  Colorado 
mines  added  §544,000  to  the  record  for  18S9, 
and  the  Utah  mines  $102,000  above  18SS. 

CALIFORNIA. 
With  the  mining  indastries  of  California  the 
past  has  been  a  fairly  good  year,  the  bullion 
prodact  of  the  State  having  come  up  to  the 
recent  average.  That  it  would  have  been  con- 
siderably larger  but  for  the  extreme  drouth 
at  one  time,  and  the  excess  of  water  at  an- 
other, we  have  reason  to  believe.  Owing  to  a 
rather  light  snowfall  on  the  mountains  the  pre- 
ceding winter,  followed  by  an  early  cesaation 
of  the  spring  rains,  there  ensued  a  general 
shortage  of  water  before  the  summer  was  over, 
the  drouth  continuing  until  the  autumn  was 
more  than  half  gone.  As  a  oonseqaence  tbe 
active  season  of  the  gravel  miners  was  mach 
restricted,  while  the  quartz*mills,  dependent 
on  water  for  their  propulsive  power,  lost  each 
from  two  to  three  months  time,  the  only  parties 
advantaged  by  the  drouth  being  the  riverbed 
minetB,  who,  owing  to  the  low  stage  of  water, 
were  enabled  to  commence  operations  much 
earlier  than  usual. 

It  might  be  thought  that  the  early  advent 
of  the  fall  rains,  followed  by'  a  heavy  winter 
precipitation,  would  have  compensated  at 
least  in  part  for  the  evils  attendant  on  the 
drouth.  But  it  did  not  so  turn  out.  On  the 
contrary,  these  heavy  and  protracted  rains 
brooght  with  them  their  own  disadvantages 
and  drawbacks.  The  floods  developed,  in  fact, 
a  crop  of  misohiefs  less  tolerable  than  that  bred 
of  the  drouth.  The  prosperous  working  season 
of  the  river-bed  miners  was  brought  to  a  pre- 
mature end,  their  claims  being  suddenly  filled 
with  debris  and  their  plants  swept  away.  The 
ditches,  filled  to  repletion,  were  broken,  their 
flow  being  so  impeded  with  ice  and  snow  that 
they  could  no  longer  supply  the  quartz-mills 
with  water,  forcing  many  of  these  once  more 
to  a  standstill.  The  water  making  its  way  into 
the  underground  workings  of  the  vein  mines, 
ore  extraction  was  in  many  instances  greatly 
impeded  or  stopped  altogether.  The  roada 
meantime  became  bo  bad  that  hauling  was 
next  to  impossible.  As  a  result,  many  of  the 
mills  were  left  short  of  ore,  some  also  of  fuel 
and  other*  supplies;  from  all  which  it  will  be 
seen  that  gold  minmg  in  California,  though  an 
exceptionally  safe  busineaa,  is  nevertheless 
subject  to  some  of  the  vicissitudes  and  uncer- 
tainties incident  to  farming,  fruit*growing  and 
most  other  pursuits. 

At  the  present  writing  the  situation,  as 
above  described,  remains  little  changed.  The 
rain,  which  commenced  falling  about  the  middle 
of  October,  has  since  continued  with  so  little 
interruption  that  it  may  be  considered  one  pro- 
longed storm.  The  intervals  of  fair  weather 
since  vouchsafed  us  have  been  short  and  few, 
amounting  to  much  less  than  a  month  alto- 
gether. The  streams  are  everywhere  running 
bankfull,  many  of  them  overflowing  their 
banks.  The  wagon-roads  continue  nearly  im- 
passable, thoae  in  the  mountains  owing  to  the 
unprecedented  depth  of  the  snow,  those  at  the 
lower  levels  owing  to   the   depth  ot  the    mud. 

The  railroads  in  the  Sierra  Nevada  and  in  tbe 
Siskiyou  ranges  are  badly  demoralized,  portions 
of  them  being  likely  to  so  remain  for  some  time. 
This  has  rendered  transportation  to  and  from 


many  of  the  mining  oampe  difficult  and 
costly. 

The  oausei  which  have  so  interfered  with 
vein  mining  have  in  many  localities  proved 
equally  detrimental  to  placer  operations.  The 
hydraulic  miners  have  as  yet  been  able  to  do 
very  little.  The  drifters  have  not.  of  coarse. 
Buffered  much  from  the  excess  of  water,  while 
to  tbe  groand-sluioerB  and  others,  who  depend 
00  free  water  and  plenty  of  it  for  their  success, 
it  has  proved  a  very  godsend,  these  men  hav- 
ing everywhere  below  the  heavy  snow  belt 
been  driving  au  active  and  thrifty  buainess  tbe 
whole  winter  through. 
Qenerat  Prosress  and  Improvemencs  Made. 

While  the  past  year  baa  not  been  marked  by 
any  notable  events  in  the  mining  world  or  seen 
tbe  field  of  active  operations  much  extended,  it 
has,  at  the  same  time,  brought  with  it  a  fair 
amount  of  improvement  of  one  kind  and 
another.  The  introduction  of  the  electric 
motor  has  made  encouraging  headway.  The 
practice  of  ore  concentration  has  become  more 
common,  it  having  been  adopted  by  many  com* 
panies  during  the  year  and  generally  with 
gratifying  results.  Water  has  in  numerous  in- 
stances been  Bubstitated  for  steam-power  or 
made  to  supplement  the  latter.  The  year  has 
been  prolific  of  inventions  designed  to  cheapen 
or  perfect  mining  implements,  mechanisms  and 
processes,  many  patents  for  securing  these  im- 
provements having  meantime  been  taken  out. 
Great  gains  steadily  inure  to  the  mining  indus- 
try through  the  introduction  of  these  various 
devices.  The  tendency,  as  for  eome  time  past, 
is  still  toward  the  working  of  lower  grade  ores, 
what  has  been  accomplished  in  this  direction 
having  been  largely  due  to  the  various  im- 
provements above  mentioned. 

As  to  the  work  performed  of  late  by  the 
State  Mining  Bureau,  this  institution  has  been 
brought  into  a  condition  of  great  proficiency 
and  usefulness.  The  year  seems  to  have  awak- 
ened among  our  miners  something  of  tbe 
ancient  spirit  of  exploration,  starting  many  of 
them  out  on  prospecting  expeditions  in  the 
mountains.  Mining  in  several  of  the  old  and 
partially  deserted  districts  hae  also  undergone 
some  revival,  causing  there  a  slight  increase  in 
the  bullion  output  and  population.  Aggre- 
gated, the  improvements  above  mentioned  de- 
note no  small  amount  of  gains  effected  during 
tbe  past  year. 

Of  all  our  several  branches  of  gold-mining, 
none  have  been  ao  well  prospered  of  late  as 

Drift  Operations, 

These  never  being-  exposed  to  suffer  much 
from  either  an  exceaa  or  lack  of  water.  Be  tbe 
precipitation  ever  so  great,  it  cannot  much 
impede  this  claas  of  operations,  while  the  miner 
rarely  ever  finds  himself  left  without  water 
enough  to  wash  the  gravel  extracted  during 
the  year.  Since  the  partial  closing  of  the 
hydraulic  mines,  increased  attention  has  been 
turned  to  this  branch  of  the  business,  impart- 
ing to  it  an  activity  that  it  would  not  have 
otherwise  experienced.  The  tier  of  counties 
extending  from  El  Dorado  to  Plumas  continues 
the  site  of  the  larger  drift  operations,  not  much 
being  done  in  this  line  outside  of  these.  While 
tbe  old  mines  here  have  kept  up  and  in  some 
instances  increased  their  uaual  output,  a  good 
deal  of  new  drift  ground  along  this  belt  has 
within  the  paat  12  months  been  opened,  it  be- 
ing the  intention  of  some  of  these  recently- 
formed  companies  to  engage  in  the  business  on 
a  very  extensive  scale. 

Hydraulic  Mining. 
While  gravel-washing  by  the  hydraulic 
method  has  been  effectually  anppressed  in  the 
more  central  mining  counties,  formerly  ita 
largest  field,  it  still  goes  on  uninterrupted  in 
the  northwesterly  part  of  the  State,  Trinity 
and  Siskiyou  constituting  now  oar  leading 
hydraulic  counties.  In  ordinary  winters  thia 
style  of  gravel-washing  is  not  apt  to  suffer 
much  interrnption  by  reaeon  of  snow,  ice  or 
floods.  These  have,  however,  the  present 
winter  proved  to  the  buaineas  a  serious  detri- 
ment, the  snow  having  in  many  localities 
reached  a  depth  that  not  only  interfered  with 
piping,  but  precluded  it  altogether.  With  the 
warmer  weather  now  at  hand,  most  of  the 
companies  will  be  able  to  get  to  work,  the  pros- 
pect being  that  the  incoming  season  will  prove 
to  this  claaa  of  miners  a  very  prosperous  one, 
as  the  water  sunply  promiaea  to  be  larger  than 
ever  before.     While  the  working   season  of 

The  Biver-Bed  Miners 
Terminated  in  the  premature  and  abrupt 
manner  mentioned,  their  earolDgs  last 
year  came  fully  up  to  the  average,  as 
they  got  to  work  much  earlier  than 
usual.  While  this  method  of  gold-gatharing  is 
practiced  along  most  of  the  larger  streams  in 
the  mining  regions  of  California,  the  heaviest 
operations  are  carried  on  in  the  beds  of  the 
Scott,  Klamath  and  Salmon  rivers,  in  Siskiyou 
county.  Although  subject  to  many  contin- 
gencies, this  branch  of  mining  pays  well,  and 
sometimes  very  largely  when  the  coaditions 
prove  favorable.  It  can  hardly  be  called  a 
growing  industry,  large  sections  of  the  river- 
beds being  already  worked  out  and  it  requiring 
many  years  for  these  to  become  suffipiently 
enriched  to  warrant  their  being  worked  over 
again,  this  process  of  restoration  being  espe* 
cially  slow  in  districts  where  the  hydraulic 
mines  have  been  closed  down. 

Quartz  Mining. 

The  mining  of  gold  quartz  in    California  still 
oontinaea  to  bethi^t  branch  which  produces  the 


most  gold.  Of  late  years  much  more  attention 
has  been  paid  to  the  economies  of  vein  mining, 
with  good  results.  It  la  now  poeetble  to  work 
ores  of  lower  grade  than  could  be  touched  at 
all  ten  years  ago.  The  era  of  big  salaries, 
'*  top-heavy  "  companies  and  extravagance  has 
passed  by,  and  in  ita  stead  is  one  of  hard  work', 
economy  and  buBineas  principles. 

While  there  have  been  many  minor  inven- 
tions in  the  line  of  saving  gold  from  quartz, 
there  have  been  no  very  radical  ohangee  of  late. 
There  hai»  been  a  tendenoy  to  adopt  the  rotary 
or  roller-mills  at  smaller  minea  Instead  of 
stamps,  mainly  becauee  these  appliances  in  their 
various  forma  are  lees  expensive  than  the  stamps, 
and  they  answer  their  purpose  very  well  indeed, 

As  we  have  each  week  reported  progress 
from  the  various  districts  of  the  State,  it  is  un- 
neceseary  to  review  their  operations  in  any  de- 
tail. The  region  around  Grass  Valley,  Nevada 
county,  continues  to  keep  the  lead  la  quartz 
operations.  More  attention  has  been  paid  to 
quartz  recently  in  the  northern  counties,  par- 
ticularly in  Shasta,  where  some  large  opera- 
tions are  being  conducted. 

Many  old  mines  have  within  tbe  pist  year  or 
two  been  reopened  and  reworked.  There  are 
still  many  hundreds  which  were  operated  at  a 
time  when  we  knew  lees  than  we  do  now  about 
gold-quartz  mining,  and  which  would  pay  now. 
Gradually  these  mines  will  be  reopened  and  do 
their  share  toward  increasing  the  bullion  prod- 
uct. In  faot,  qnartz-mining  is  in  as  good  con- 
dition to-day  in  California  as  it  ever  was,  and 
is  a  paying  industry. 

Quicksilver. 

There  ia  one  mineral  prodact  yielded  by 
California  not  made  elsewhere  in  the  United 
States,  and  that  is  quickailver,  though  the 
State  is  not  credited  with  this  on  the  bullion 
product  tables.  List  year  the  value  of  this 
California  quicksilver  was  $1,154,000.  Through 
the  courteay  of  Mr.  J.  B,  Rindol,  of  the  New 
Almaden  mine,  we  are  enabled  to  give  the 
following  facts  concerning  oar  quicksilver  in- 
dustry.p 

The  following  table  shows  the  production  of 
the  several   mines  for  two  years  paat: 

Mines.                                               ISSS.  18S9. 

New  AlmadeD IS.Oflo  13,100 

.Ktiia 950      

Napa  CoDBOlidated 4,065  4,600 

Great  Weatero 6'2G  BGO 

Sulphur  Bank 2.164  2,150 

New  Idria 1,320  1,000 

Great  Eaatern ; 1,151  1,350 

Redin^'ton ; . . .      120  SOO 

Bradford  Consolidated 3,843  1,700 

Various 992  500 

Total  Flasks 33.250  25,650' 

Lowest  price  per  fla?k ..§37  00  §40  00 

Highest  price  per  flask 48  00  50  00 

Average  per  flaak '. 42  50  45  CO 

Total  value  at  average  price §1,415  000    §1,154- 

000. 


-The  total  production  for  1SS9  is  a  near  approxima- 
tion. 

The  monthly  production  and  higheat  and 
lowest  prices  prevailing  during  the  past  year 
have  been  as  follows: 

Month  ly  Highest  Lowest 

production.  price  price 

Month.                          Fiaska.  per  Hask.  perri»!?k. 

January 2,270  S43  00  $41  60 

February 1.740  42  00  41  50 

March 2,125  41  50  40  00 

April 2,134  41  00  40  OO 

May 1,841  45  00  4100 

June     2,235  50  00  46  60 

July ■ 2  021  47  60  40  00 

August 2.060  47  50  46  00 

September 2,030  47  50  46  00 

October 2,440  47  00  46  50 

November 2.400  48  00  46  00 

December ,..2,305»  48  00  47  00 

'December  product  estimated. 

The  total  production  for  1889,  25,650  flasks, 
compared  with  the  previous  year,  shows  a  de- 
crease of  7600  fliska,  and  ia  the  smallest 
quantity  in  any  year  aince  1873,  when  the  pro- 
uuction  was  27,642  flaaka. 

New  Almaden'a  production  ahowa  a  loaa  of 
4900  flaaks  and  ia  its  lowest  yield  aince  1874, 
whf>u  ita  production  was  9084  flasks. 

Nipa  Consolidated  retains  ita  position  of  aec- 
ond  highest  prodftoer  and  increased  its  output 
to  4500  flasks,  a  gain  of  435  flasks. 

.Etna  was  dropped  off  the  liat.  Bradford, 
the  chird  in  rank  last  year,  produced  only  1700 
flaaka,  a  loss  of  2148  flaaka.  Great  Western  pro- 
duced 550  flasks,  a  loaa  of  75  flaaka.  Sulphur 
Biuk  also  ahowa  a  slight  decreaae,  2150  against 
2164.  New  Idria  had  a  Ijke  misfortune,  1000 
against  1320. 

Great  Eiatern,  an  unimportant  increase,  1350 
against  1320.  Kedington,  in  a  last  expiring 
effort,  turned  out  800  against  126,  and  vari- 
ous odds  and  ends  of  mines  gathered  500  against 
992  in  1888. 

Thia  decrease  all  along  the  line  (except  Napa 
Consolidated)  emphasizes  the  poverty  of  the 
mines;  the  higher  price  of  quicksilver  has  failed 
to  arrest  the  decline  in  production  and  the  fut- 
ure outlook  is  far  from  hopeful. 

Still  higher  prices  must  prevail  in  1890;  and 
this  industry  must  be  protected  by  a  liberal 
duty — at  least  ten  cents  per  pound — otherwise 
we  may  look  for  a  further  decline  in  production, 
to  a  point  where  the  output  will  be  insufficient 
to  pay  coats^  and  then — extinction. 
The  Oil  Industry. 

Mr.  Louis  Blankenhorn  has  written  for  the 
Los  Angeles  Express  an  account  of  the  growth 
of  the  oil  induBiry  in  Southern  California,  from 
which  wc  make  the  following  extracts  : 

The  history  of  the  oil  development -of  Califor- 
nia dates  Bubatantially  from  1862.  Companies 
were  formed,  machinery  purchased  and  much 


money  spent,  only  to  show  that  Southern  Oali- 
fornia  presented,  as  yet,  the  only  field  where 
petroleum  could  be  Bought  in  merohantahtg 
quaotities.  and  even  here  was  destined  to  wait 
many  years  for  tbe  realization  of  success.  Some 
oil  was  sooj^ht  and  found  in  Los  Angeles  and 
Ventura  counties,  but  the  year  1875,  or  about, 
brooght  railroad  facilitiea,  markets,  men  and 
material,  and  had  accumulated  experience 
which  gave  a  new  impetus  to  the  quest  for  the 
oil  which,  there  was  no  doubt,  existed,  accord- 
ing to  all  geological  and  practical  expert  opin- 
ion, beneath  our  upturned  and  distorted  sur- 
face strata.  The  Pico  canyon  tield  was  then 
opened,  and  has  seen  some  40  wells  drilled 
aince,  most  of  which  have  produced  a  fine  oil 
and  whose  production  has  aggregated  many 
hundred  thousands  of  barrels  and  added  mill- 
ions of  wealth  to  our  State  and  county.  This 
oil  has  been  used  chiefly  for  refinioi:;  into 
naphthas,  lubricating  and  gas  oils.  This  field 
oontinaes  to  prodnoe  largely  and  drilling  goei 
on.  The  companies  formerly  owning  the  oil- 
field now  merged  into  the  Pacific  Coast  Oil 
Company,  formerly  operated  the  refinery  at 
Newhall,  but  now  find  it  more  convenient  to 
transport  the  crude  to  the  great  oil  refinery  at 
Alameda  Point. 

The  Puente  oil-fields  of  Los  Angeles  county 
are  about  30  miles  from  Los  Angeles  and  five 
miles  from  the  Southern  Pacific  railroad,  to 
which  the  oil  is  transported  by  a  pipe  line.  The 
development  dates  from  previous  to  1832,  The 
Puente  Co.  have  drilled  13  wells,  and  the  pro- 
duction has  aggregated  about  3000  barrels  per 
month  for  some  time  paet.  The  Puente  Com- 
pany market  their  oil  in  this  oity,  and  have 
aided  materially  in  the  support  of  our  indna- 
tries,  and  the  wells  have  no  doubt  proven  a  very 
profitable  investment  to  the  fortunate  ownerB, 
Messrs.  Lacy  &  Rowland.  Daring  15  yeara 
past  a  score  or  more  of  other  wells  have  been 
drilled  for  oil  within  a  radiaa  of  25  miles  around 
Los  Angeles  in  all  directions,  some  of  whioh 
are  producing  small  quantities  of  oil,  but  moat 
of  which,  while  passing  throagli  oil-bearing 
strata,  tailed  to  produce  in  profitable  quantity, 
or  have  met  with  diffloultiea  that  have  caused 
abandonment  of  the  wells.  Some  gas  has  also 
been  found.  All  signs  point  to  the  hope  and 
faith  that  oil  and  gaa  will  be  found  in  large 
quantitiea  in  Los  Angetea  county,  when  aoon- 
mulated  nerve  and  capital  shall  seek  it  at  suffi* 
oient  deptha. 

By  far  the  largest  producing  territory,  how- 
ever, in  California  is  that  now  developed  and 
controlled  by  the  Hardison  &  Stewart  Co.,  the 
Sespe  Oil  Oo.,  and  the  Mission  Transfer  Oo.,  in 
Ventura  county. 

Tbe  companies  referred  to  are  substantially 
one  interest,  and  the  magnitude  of  their  oper- 
ations indicates  the  value  of  the  buainess  to 
Southern  California,  and  leads  to  the  reason- 
able expectation  of  cheap  and  abundant  fuel 
for  all  new  and  present  manufacturing  indus- 
tries and  other  purposes  where  fuel  enters  as  a 
factor  in  the  problem. 

The  managing  head  of  the  companies  is  W. 
L.  Hardison  of  Santa  Paula.  With  him  are 
associated  in  the  directory  Lyman  Stewart  and 
Ban  MoFarland  of  Los  Angeles,  Hon.  Thomas 
B,  Bard  of  Huenemu  and  others. 

The  purchase  or  lease  of  the  many  thousands 
of  acres  of  oil  territory  controlled  by  tbem;  the 
drilling  of  over  70  wells;  the  laying  of  over  125 
milea  of  pipe  lines,  connecting  the  wells  with 
railroad  and  eeaboard  shipping  facilities,  and 
other  properties  and  plant,  now  represent  an 
investment  in  cash  of  over  three-quarters  of  a 
million  of  dollars.  Ita  tankage  represents  a 
storage  capacity  of  nearly  100,000  barrels,  and 
52  tank-cars  of  large  capacity  are  in  use  to 
transport  ita  products  to  market.  The  terri- 
tory covered  by  these  companies  reaches  from 
tbe  eastern  edge  of  Ventura  county  to  the  San 
Buenaventura  river.  The  various  fields  are 
known  as  Torry  Canyon,  Sespe,  Santa  Paula, 
Adams,  Wheeler  and  Aliso  Canyons  and  the 
Ojai  Valley,  Five  sets  of  tools  are  kept  drill- 
ing new  wells  constantly,  and  many  new  wells 
are  finished  each  year.  Besides  the  work  of 
these  companies,  however,  there  are  a  number 
of  other  corporate  or  individual  operators  who 
are  now  drilling  and  exploiting  in  the  same  ter- 
ritory, and  with  the  vast  fields  and  markets 
open  and  ready  to  absorb  a  large  increase  in 
production  of  fuel  petroleum,  there  can  be  no 
monopoly  of  production  for  a  longtime  to  come. 
The  Mission  Transfer  Co,  has  within  a  year  fin- 
ished a  large  refinery  at  Santa  Paula,  equipped 
with  the  latest  and  most  Improved  facilities  for 
refining  oil,  and  has  a  present  capacity  of  distill- 
ing daily  300  barrels  of  crude,  which  can  easily 
be  doubled  when  neceasary.  Its  products  are 
now  illuminating  and  lubricating  oils  of  fine 
quality,  naphthas  (gasoline)  and  asphaltum,  all 
of  which  find  a  market  at  hand. 

ARIZONA. 
Arizona  has  a  very  large  extent;  of  mineral 
ground  yet  nndevelopefl  ;  in  faot  there  are 
large  tracts  atill  unproapeoted.  The  territory 
has  not  been  ao  fortunate  as  other  regions  in  ob- 
taining the  aid  of  capital  for  its  mines,,  deduc- 
tion works  are  needed  in  many  places  and  money 
is  wanted  to  open  and  outfit  mines.  Therefore 
mining  affairs  have  not  made  the  advancement; 
proportionate  to  the  worth  of  the  properties. 
We  have  from  week  to  week  chronicled  the 
progress  of  the  mines  in  the  various  campa, 
and  elsewhere  in  this  issue  of  the  Press  give 
the  estimate  of  the  past  year's  bullion' product 
of  the  Territory.  What  was  the  principal 
camp  of  the  Territory  is  not  prosperous  just 


80 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Feb    1,  1890 


now,   as  Tombstone,  like  other  places,  needs 
ontside  capital  to  aid  it. 

Arizona  ranks  aeoond  to  Montana  among  the 
Pacific  States  and  Territories  in  copper  prod- 
uct. The  Engineering  and  Mining  Journal 
gives  the  copper  production  of  Arizona  for  the 
year  1889  at  31,600,000  pounds,  divided  among 
the  several  companies  as  follows: 

Copper  Queen  Co 9,024,000 

Arizona  Copper  Co 7,600,000 

Old  BoEDiuioa  Co 6,003.220 

Detroit  Co 4,326,000 

Holbrook  and  Cave  Co 2,238.000 

United  Verde  Oo 2,100,000 

Otlier  mines 438,780 

The  Globe  SiUer  Belt  says:  The  estimate  of 
the  Old  Dominion  Co.'s  production  is  slightly 
excessive,  and  the  figures  for  other  mines  may 
not  be  exactly  correct,  but  approximately  they 
are  right  and  show  a  very  prosperous  year  for 
the  copper  Industry  of  our  Territory.  While 
the  Old  Dominion  Copper  Co.  of  Globe  ranks 
third  in  production,  yet  its  profits  for  the  year 
are  probably  larger  than  any  other  Arizona 
company  can  show,  as  was  the  case  for  the  pre- 
vious year.  Daapite  the  difficulty  and  great 
expense  of  getting  coke  and  supplies,  and  ship- 
ping copper,  by  reason  of  remoteness  from  rail- 
roads, it  has  been  proven  that  the  Globe 
mine  can  produce  copper  cheaper  than^  any 
other  mine  in  the  Territory,  and  there  is  no 
doubt  but  that  it  is  to-day  the  most  valuable 
copper  property  in  Arizona. 

A  correspondent  of  the  Lordsburg  Liberal 
has  this  to  say  concerning  the  Clifton  district : 
This  oamp  from  the  following  showing,  per 
shipment  for  this  year,  1889,  modestly  asks 
if  it  is  not  entitled  to  be  dubbed  as  a  producer 
without  a  peer  in  the  territory.  To  wit:  Ari- 
zona copper  company,  copper  bullion,  7,253,855 
pounds.  The  Detroit  copper  company,  5,041,- 
820  pounds ;  copper  .ores  shipped,  523,450 
pounds.  Silver  and  gold  ores,  50,940  pounds. 
From  this  showing  ia  it  any  wonder  that  for- 
eign capital  has  fastened  itself  ao  permanently? 
American  capitalists  it  would  seem  from  this 
have  not  the  brain  to  direct  nor  the  grit  to 
inepire  it  to  a  healthy  and  safe  investment. 
The  mineral  lands  hereabout  are  slowly,  aurely 
and  cheaply  being  bought  up  by  the  shrewd, 
far-seeing  Scotchman.  The  American,  an  intel- 
ligent prospector,  after  failing  to  induoe  his 
own  kind  who  have  capital,  to  take  hold,  has 
been  forced  to  yield  to  the  inevitable  and  sell 
hia  discovery  and  labor  for  a  mere  mess  of 
beans.  Copper  can  be  aafely  quoted  on  an  aver- 
age for  the  year  1889  at  10  cents  per  pound. 
At  that  market  price  the  bullion  alone  shipped 
from  here  would  yield  SI, 229,567  50.  It  is 
also  safe  to  say  that  $40,000  per  mouth,  in  con- 
nection with  the  store-order  system  that  pre- 
vails, would  cover  every  item  of  expense  ;  if 
that  amount  did  not  do  it  ia  a  sure  thing  that 
$50,000  would,  and  would  leave  the  profit  of 
$629,577.50  for  the  copper  production  alone. 
The  figures  as  given  above  are  correct,  and  it 
does  seem  with  our  boasted  idle  capital  a  few, 
at  least,  Americans  would  aee  the  point. 

The  mining  interests  have  been  unusually 
active  during  the  year,  aaya  the  Prescott 
JournaUMiner,  A  greater  number  of  sales 
have  been  consummated,  and  a  larger  amonnt 
expended  in  development  work  and  improve- 
ments in  the  way  of  building  mills,  etc.,  than 
during  any  previous  year  in  the  history  of  the 
county.  Of  the  more  important  sales  that 
have  been  made  during  the  year,  to  eay  noth- 
ing of  the  numerous  transfers  of  small  claims, 
may  be  mentioned  the  Dixie  group  on  Lynx 
creek,  the  Mockingbird  on  Cherry  creek,  the 
Dan  O'Boyle  mines  on  the  Hassayampa,  the 
Silver  King  and  adjoining  groap  on  Groom 
Creek,  the  Black  Horse  on  the  Hassayampa,  the 
Eyland  mine  at  Minnehaha,  the  Del  Pasco 
group  of  mines  in  the  Bradshaw  mountains, 
the  Senator  mine  on  the  Haseayampa,  the  Boggs 
and  Hackberry  on  Big  Bug,  and  the  Harrison 
mine  at  Flaoeritas. 

The  year  has  also  witnessed  the  building  of  a 
mill  at  the  Congress  mine  at  a  coat  of  $60,000, 
together  with  other  improvements  costing 
fully  $40,000  more;  the  Dixie  mill  coating  $20,- 
000;  the  Qaartz  Mountain  mill  coating  the 
same;  the  Wire  Gold  mill  costing  $10,000;  and 
the  Cherry  Creek  mill  coating  from  $10,000  to 
$20,000,  and  from  $5000  to  $10,000  apent  in 
putting  the  Etta  mill  in  repair.  The  Oro  Bella, 
Crowned  King  and  Kyland  mills,  although 
built  in  1888,  were  not  started  until  the  early 
part  of  1S89,  and  have  all  proven  auooessful  and 
are  now  ranged  among  the  paying  enterprises 
of  the  county.  The  Copper  Basin  smelter  is 
also  among  the  enterprisea  started  up  during 
1889,  while  the  United  Verde  amelter,  started 
aome  four  or  five  yeare  ago,  has  just  added  an- 
other year  to  its  successful  operation. 
For  the  year  will  reach  very  close  to  $1,500,- 
000,  or  an  increase  of  about  one-half  over  that 
of  1888.  The  largest  producers  for  1S89  have 
been  the  aame  as  during  1888 — the  Congress 
and  Hillside,  the  former  having  more  than 
doubled  its  product  for  1888.  It  is  now,  since 
starting  the  mill,  producing  in  ore  and  concen- 
trates over  $40,000  per  month,  or  on  a  yearly 
basis  of  $500,000.  The  producing  power  of  the 
mine  is  cApable  of  even  doubling  this  product, 
with  increased  facilities  for  working  and  ship- 
ping it. 

The  new  service  dam  of  the  Walnut  Grove 
Water-Storage  Company  on  the  Haaaayampa, 
construoted  during  the  year  at  an  expense  of 
upward  of  $100,000,  has  also  been  among  the 
additions  made  to  the  facilities  for  producing 
precious  metals.  This  is  intended  to  furnish 
water  to  gold-bearing  gravel-beds  along  the 
creek  some  miles  below,  and  will  be  in  opei' 
ation  early  in  the  year  1890. 


COLORADO. 

We  have  given  elsewhere  the  estimate  of 
Wella,  Fargo  &  Oo,  concerning  the  bullion 
product  of  Colorado.  The  Denver  Eepuhliean, 
however,  puts  it  at  $29,935,477,  and  aaya  the 
information  ia  from  the  smelters,  ore  buyers 
and  mint.  The  amount  obtained  from  each 
source  was  as  follows: 

From  amelters $28,000,446 

Shipped  but  of  the  State 750,000 

Deposited  in  themint 1,185,032 

Total 829,935,477 

The  Bepuhliean  says:  This  ia  not,  however, 
all  of  the  production.  Some  gold  waa  sent  out  of 
the  State  not  appeariog  in  the  figurea  given  by 
those  quoted,  and  some  waa  aold  to  manufact- 
urers. The  amounta  so  disposed  of  aggregate 
more  than  is  usually  supposed,  but  as  any  esti- 
mate would  be  only  a  guess,  it  is  omitted  from 
the  calculation.  It  will  certainly  be  enough 
to  swell  the  fignres  given  to  over  $30,000,000. 
This  18  fully  $2,000,000  more  than  haa  been 
produced  during  any  previous  year. 

The  silver  is  calculated  at  93  cents  per 
ounce.  The  United  States  authorities,  in  their 
estimates,  calculate  silver  at  its  coinage  value 
of  $1.29  per  ounce,  thus  making  each  year  the 
value  of  the  production  more  than  the  miner  or 
ore-buyer  or  amelter  received  for  it.  Aa  an 
illastration,  the  value  of  Colorado's  product 
for  1888  was  reported  by  the  director  of  the 
mint  to  be  $36,000,000,  which  waa  fully  $8,- 
000,000  above  its  commercial  valne. 

Production  has  been  curtailed  conBlderably 
by  the  low  prices  of  lead  and  silver.  The  same 
faot  is  true  of  the  production  of  the  last  three 
yeara,  but  as  prices  ruled  lower  last  year  than 
ever  before,  the  effect  waa  felt  more  aerioualy, 
and  production  probably  curtailed  more  than 
ever.  The  Henrietta  and  Maid,  at  Laadville, 
the  heaviest  tonnage-producer  in  the  State, 
whose  ore  is  an  argentiferous  lead  ore,  turned 
out  aa  little  as  possible  to  keep  running  during 
the  most  of  the  year,  and  closed  down  entirely 
in  November.  The  two  heaviest  prodncera  at 
Aspen  also  closed  down  for  December,  owing  to 
unsatisractory  prices.  Ordinarily  these  things 
would  have  militated  against  even  an  average 
production,  but  their  effect  was  more  than  off- 
set by  the  increase  from  other  sources. 

New  diacQveries  have  added  their  quota  to 
the  total  yield,  but  the  amount  derived  from 
them  has  not  been  sufficient  to  swell  the  prod- 
uct as  much  as  it  haa  been  expected.  The  ad- 
ditions are  due  to  increased  activity  in  the 
older  mines,  and  all  parts  of  the  State  share 
the  honor.  The  San  Juan  country  haa  added 
about  one-aixth  to  ita  product,  a  fair  part  of 
which  came  from  the  new  discoveriea  in  the 
gold  belt  at  Oaray.  Next  to  that  region  the 
counties  of  Clear  Creek  and  Gilpin  show  the 
largest  proportionate  gain.  It  ia  peculiarly 
gratifying  to  the  miner  who  baa  faith  in  his  oc- 
cupation that  the  oldest  mining  region  in  the 
State,  where  the  first  discoveries  were  made 
and  where  mining  haa  been  continuously  con- 
ducted for  30  years,  should  show  the  largest 
proportionate  increase  in  the  past  year. 

Both  Lode  and  Placer  MinlDg. 

The  prosperity  has  affected  both  lode  and 
placer  mining,  though  the  latter  was  less  than 
it  would  have  been  had  water  not  been  scarce. 
More  placera  were  operated  last  year  than  ever 
before,  and  results  were  favorable.  Ejpecially 
was  this  the  case  on  the  San  Miguel,  where  the 
Keystone,  San  Miguel  and  U.  S.  gold  placera 
were  operated,  the  yield  having  varied  from 
25  cents  to  $1  per  cubic  yard. 

All  indications  point  to  an  increase  during 
the  present  year  fully  aa  great  as  that  which 
characterized  last.  It  seems  as  though  the 
march  was  onward,  and  that  mining  in  Colo- 
rado ia  but  in  ita  infancy. 

Product  of  the  Various  Smelters. 

The  production  of  the  different  amelting  es- 
tablishments in  the  State,  in  detail,  was  as 
follows: 

GLOBB  SHELTIKQ  AND  RBFINING   CO. 

3,319,54r  ounce3  aiWer  83,153,570  41 

16,792.57  ouac  8  gnld 315,851  40 

19,637.815  pounds  lead 76>,S74  79 

329,862  pounds  copper 46,180  68 


Total , $4,281,477  28 


LoCAUTy. 


Gold,  ozs  3ilver,cza. 


Colorado 

Utah 

Montana 

Idaho 

New  Mexico., 

Mexico ; 

Canada 


Totals  . 


11,667.S\:^  1,912.777.9 
3,6S2  9>:1,1SS.163.5 


9,535.1 
98,369.7 
50,475.0 

54,004.4 
6,222.2 


15,7'.12. 57  3,319,647.8 


535. 31 

4181 
6.21 


Ihq  I  Copper, 
"'^- !     lbs. 


11,366,5341 

6,985. 7511 

15,231 1 

1,986, Siol 

166,1061 

117,3S0i 


81,171 
243.691 


19,637,8151    329,862 


Closed  one  month  for  rebuilding  and   enlarg- 
ing works. 


BOSTON  &  COLORADO  SMKLTING  CO.,  DEKVER, 


Colorad  i 

Other   Statoe 
andTer'ies. 


Total  for  Colorado 


Copper. 

91,120  00 

264,8^0  00 

i    356,000  00 
,699,254  15 


TotaHor  other  States  and  Territories 1,600,005  S3 

Grand  Total ; §4.299,259  OS 

Of  the  shipments,  Gilpin  county  produced: 

Gold §345  667  29 

Silver 149,693  96 

Copper 4:J,534  00 


Total. 


43S,895  25 


OF  the  ahipmenta,  Lake  county  produced: 

Gold S    4,717  30 

Silver 407,117  50 

Total §411,834  SO 

THILADBLPHIA  SMELTING  AND  RKFINIMG  CO.,  PDEBLO. 

Ounces  silver 2,318,009 

Ounces  g'old 19,111 

Pounds  lead 16,332,520 

ARHANBAH  TALLKT  ^MRLT1NG  CO.,  LKaDVILLB. 

Ounces  silver , 2.204,208 

Ounces  cold 5,677 

Pounds  lead 18,475, 

UANVILLB  8MELTBR,  LRABVILLB. 

Ounces  silver 525,568 

OuBCes  gold 1,S69 

Pounds  lead 5,602,! 

nARKUON  RBDUCIION  WORKS,  LHADVILLB. 

Ounces  silver 1,187,100 

Ounces  gold 5,210 

Pounds  lead 8,868,600 

AMBRICAN  MINING  AND  BMELTING  CO.,  LBABVILLB. 

Ounces  silver 2,3 12, 

Ounces  gold 2,SS6 

Pounds  lead 21,346.307 

SAN  JOAN  SMELTING  AND  MINING  CO.,  DURANGO. 

Ounces  silver 683,775 

Ounces  gold 4, 

Pounds  lead 2,680, 

Pounds  copper 256,000 

PUBBLO  SMELTING  AND  REPINmO  CO.,  PUKBLO. 


13 

ill 

osBS 

§12. 

s-gg 

1 

H-  o  a> 

''aS 

Sp-S 

S 

Mbtalb. 

■    a 

Pil 

^ 
1 

:  ?9 

S.^g 

:  as 

Ounces  gold... 

3,497 

300 

420 

4,223 

Ounces  silver.. 

1.025,456 

65,000 

01,889 

1,182,345 

Pounds  lead  . . 

3,786,592 

335,000 

S:i,178,408 

5,300,000 

Pounds  copper 

1,188,321 

126,000 

95,247 

1,403,508 

Namber  of  blast  furnaces  in  operation  Deo. 
19,  1888,  6;  number  of  blast  furnaces  in  opera- 
tion Dec.  19,  1889,  8.  Works  operated  during 
1SS9  at  about  one-tifth  of  their  full  capacity. 

Value  of  gold,  silx'er,  lead  and  copper  pro- 
duced in  1888.  $2,921,010.01. 

Value  of  eold,  silver,  lead  and  copper  pro- 
duced ia  1889,  Sl,586,325  30. 

OMAHA  AND  GRANT  SMBLTINQ  AND  REFINING  CO.,  DENVER. 

Copper — 717,914  pounds,  valued  at  12  cents 
per  pound  S      86,149  63 

Lead— 33,4  93,341  pounde,  valued  at  §3.80  per 
cwt 1,272,746  95 

Silver— 6  096,600  ozs..  valued  at  93c.  per  oz.  5,6fi9,833  00 

Gold—  82,001.84  ozs. ,  valued  at  S20  67  pet  oz .  1,694,978  03 

Total §8,723,712  66 

The  aouicea  of  the  above  metala  were  as 
follows: 


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332,6 

481,4 
190,5 

827.4 

2S5,4 
732,1 
081.9 
003.4 

■ii 

SSSS 

n. 

l--  4*. 

; 

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gSSS 

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rf'ca 

oi-      oo 

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sgS2:^25£g 

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to 

o 

Aa  compared  with  1888: 

Increase  in  copper,  pounds 2C4,89S 

Increase  in  silver,  ounces 871,007 

Increase  in  gold,  ounces 18,018.02 

Decrease  in  lead,  pounds 6,354,457 

Prices  18SS.  Prices  1S89 

Copper 16c  per  lb.  12c  per  lb. 

Lead S4.40  per  cwt.  $3.80  per  cwt. 

Silver  935c  per  o;!.  93c  per  oz. 

Gold S20.67  per  oz,-  §20.67  per  oz. 

Average  monthly  Day-roll,  $33,500;  namber 
of  men  employed,  550. 

The  total  tons  of  ore,  lime  rock,  charcoal  and 
coal  consumed  daring  the  year  waa  235,230. 

The  Leadville  Herald-Democrat  in  speaking 
of  the  camp  .of  Laadville  aaya:  The  bnllion 
product  of  the  Lsadville  smeltera  daring  1889 
amounts  to  §8,299.854  65;  the  total  amount  of 
ore  shipped  to  the  valley  smeltera  during  1889 
amounts  to  $5,384,197.10;  the  total  making  the 
entire  output  from  the  Laadviila  district  for 
the  year  past  §13  684,051.75.  This  is  an  in- 
crease  of  §1,652,845.27  over  that  of  1888. 

The  total  production  of  the  camp  from  1860 
to  1390  amounta  to  $158,405,195. 

Oar  calculations  of  the  output  for  1889  from 
all  aouroes  have  been  made  with  great  care,  and 
special  paina  were  taken  to  avoid  the  slightest 
exaggeration  of  reports  received.  The  reaalt 
reached,  $13,684,051,  will  go  to  the  world  as  the 
performance  of  oar  minea  in  the  twelfth  year 


ainoe  their  discovery,  and  those  who  are  most 
familiar  with  the  sources  of  our  information 
will  agree  that  our  figures  are  under  rather 
than  above  the  actual.  We  have  chosen  to 
omit  altogether  the  prodaction  of  oar  chief  gold 
property — the  Antioch — since  the  actual  re- 
turns could  not  be  obtained  from  the  manage- 
ment, and  it  ia  more  than  probable  that  this 
and  other  omissions  of  mine  yields,  not  readily 
obtainable,  wonld,  if  added  to  our  aggregate, 
awoll  the  grand  total  to  $14,000,000.  Only  in 
four  years  since  1878  has  the  production  of  the 
district  reached  this  figure— 1880,  1382,  1883 
and  1836 — when  we  received  very  much  higher 
prices  for  both  silver  and  lead.  Indeed,  had 
values  been  equal  to  those  of  1882  the  output 
of  the  year  just  closed  would  exceed  that  of 
any  year  ainoe  mineral  was  discovered  here. 
As  it  is,  the  total  production  exceeds  that  of 
1879,  the  year  of  the  boom,  by  $3,350,351,  It 
exceeds  that  of  1881  by  $536,594;  it  exceeds 
that  of  1885  by  $1,326,784;  it  exceeds  tliat  of 
1837  by  $1,611,084;  it  exceeda  that  of  1888  by 
$1,354,241;  it  is  exceeded  by  that  of  1880  by 
$1,341,078;  it  la  exceeded  by  that  of  1882  by 
$3,443,351;  it  is  exceeded  by  that  of  1383  by 
$1,854,396,  and  by  that  of  1886  by  $66,782,  an 
exceaa  so  small  that  the  product  of  the  Antiooh, 
if  added,  would  more  than  overcome  it.  The 
output  of  1889  exoeeds  the  average  output  of 
11  yeara  by  $256,301. 

The  total  output  of  the  Leadville  diatriot 
now  aggregatea  $158,405,155. 

Leadville'8  Smelters. 

Thia  continuous  action  on  the  part  of  the 
smelters  has  resulted  in  the  treating  of  a  mach 
greater  amount  of  ore  than  during  the  previous 
year,  and  the  consequent  prodaction  of  a  great 
deal  more  bullion,  containing  a  great  deal  more 
silver  and  lead  than  during  that  length  of 
time— the  Arkansas  Valley  Smelting  Company 
coming  to  the  front  with  some  9300  tons  of 
bullion,  carrying  over  2,200,000  ounces  of  sil- 
ver and  over  5500  onncea  of  gold,  in  addition 
to  which  this  smelter  produced  from  its  matte 
140  tons  of  bullion  with  nearly  115,000  more 
ounces  of  silver  and  some  little  gold. 

The  American  Smelting  Co.  produced  over 
10,500  tons  of  bullion,  over  2,000,000  ounces  of 
silver,  21,000,000  pounds  of  lead,  and  over  2500 
ounces  of  gold;  while  the  Hanson  Baduotion 
Works  sent  out  nearly  4500  tona  of  bullion, 
over  1,000,000  ounces  of  silver  and  5000  ounces 
of  gold. 

The  Manville,  with  its  three  stacks,  did  very 
well  indeed,  and  kept  up  its  reputation  for  close 
smelting  by  the  production  of  some  5,500,000 
pounds  of  lead,  over  500,000  ounces  of  silver, 
and  about  1800  ounces  of  gold,  each  and  every 
one  of  the  smelters  greatly  exceeding  their 
product  for  the  previous  year. 

In  the  early  part  of  1889  a  company  called 
the  Colorado  Gold,  Silver  and  Lead  Recovery 
Co.  went  to  work  with  a  process  of  their  own 
on  the  slag  damps  of  the  La  Plata  smelter,  and 
for  a  very  short  time  ancoeeded  fairly  well, 
making  a  matte  which  netted  tbera  about  $60 
per  ton,  but  very  shortly  for  aome  reaaon  gave 
up  the  attempt. 

The  roasting  furnaces  of  the  Arkanaaa  Valley 
smelter  have  a  capacity  of  about  60  tone  of  sul- 
phide ore  per  day,  and  have  proven  a  valuable 
aid  to  the  smelting  of  some  of  the  more  refrac- 
tory ores  of  the  camp,  and  the  number  of  such 
furnaces  will  undoubtedly  be  added  to  ere  long. 

The  Harrison  Reduction  Works,  not  having 
these  furnacea,  devotes  its  attention  principally 
to  the  lead  carbonate  and  dry  silicioua  ores. 

The  concentrating  mills  have  all  been  run- 
ning full  time  for  the  greater  part  of  the  year. 

During  the  year  1888  there  were  shipped 
from  Aspen  90,170  tona  of  ore  of  an  estimated 
value  of  $5,229,860.  The  value  per  ton  was 
figured  at  $58,  but  there  haa  been  reaaon  to 
believe  that  the  figure  waa  too  low,  and  it 
would  probably  be  fair  to  put  the  value  of  the 
output  of  the  year  1889  at  a  considerably  higher 
figure. 

The  product  daring  1889  amounted  to  120,- 
560  tons,  which,  at  an  average  value  of  $60  per 
ton,  would  make  the  gross  output  of  the  camp 
$7,233,600,  an  increase  of  more  than  §2,000,000 
over  the  year  before. 

The  problem  of  getting  at  the  exact  value  of 
the  product  ia  complicated  by  reaaon  of  the 
fact  that  all  the  ore  is  shipped  to  outside 
smeltera  and  through  many  channels.  The 
aamplera  handle  part  of  it,  but  much  is  shipped 
direct.  Some  mine-owners  object  to  giving 
their  products,  and  others  only  keep  a  record 
of  net  values.  The  minimum  value  of  pay  ore 
in  the  district  is  about  §30  per  ton,  and  the 
product  varies  all  the  way  from  that  figure  to 
several  hundred,  aome  ahipmenta  going  into  the 
thouaands.  It  ia  aafe  to  calculate  that 
the  average  value  will  not  fall  below  §60, 
while  it  might  go  aa  high  as  §65,  or  even 
higher. 

There  have  been  some  shipments  of  very 
high-grade  mineral  during  the  year,  but  the 
returns  from  auch  are  never  made  public, ' 
and  information  concerning  them  is  ex- 
tremely indefinite.  While  the  minimum 
value  can  be  quite  definitely  known,  the 
other  end  of  the  scale  is  always  an  uncertain 
quantity. 

The  suspension  of  shipments  from  the  As- 
pen and  Oompromise  mines,  during  the 
months  of  November  and  Dacember,  reduced 
the  year's  yield  about  10,000  tons,  otherwise 
the  product  would  have  passed  beyond  the 
§8,000,000  mark. 

The  greatest  need  that  Aspen  experiences  is 
a  market  for  her  low-grade  ores.  If  there  were 
works  in  the  valley  that  oould  handle  ore  run- 


Fkb.  1,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


81 


oiog  as  low  as  15  oaooea  or  20  onacea,  the  ton- 
Dage  of  the  oamp  would  booo  be  more  than 
doubled.  The  preient  year  promiBea  to  be 
highly  proaperoaa  beoaase  of  the  many  oew 
divcoveriea  of  high-grade  mineral,  but  it  it 
ibonld  also  briug  to  the  district  the  needed 
faoilitiea  for  wording  the  poorer  claeaes  of 
ore,  general  bueinesa  would  soon  be  doubled, 
And  mioiog  development  would  be  still  further 
stimulated. 

Colorado  is  rich  in  both  iron  and  ooal.  The 
ooal  prodnotioD  in  1S80  was  2,500,000  tone. 
The  average  price  paid  to  miners  throughout 
Ibe  State  is  71  oenta  per  ton  of  2000  pounds  for 
mining  and  timbering  their  workings.  The 
area  of  coal-bearing  sections  in  the  State  is 
'  DOW  said  to  exceed,  somewhat,  2G,Q00,000 
acres.  The  ooke  production  for  last  year, 
from  Created  Hutte  and  El  Moro  ovens,  was 
litj.500.  There  are  also  about  25  petroleum 
wells  in  the  State,  which  are  yielding  about 
1300  barrels  per  day. 

It  U  impoBsiblo  in  the  space  at  our  disposal 
to  give  any  uooeidcration  to  the  developments 
or  prospects  of  individual  mines  In  Colorado, 
and  we  must  content  ourselves  with  the  brief 
summary  of  results  presented. 

IDAHO. 

Idaho  has  come  to  the  front  the  past  year 
and  wrested  the  third  place  among  the  bullion- 
producers  from  Ciliforoia,  taking  her  position 
mainly  by  reason  of  the  value  of  some  millions 
of  lead.  The  importation  of  cheap  lead  ores 
has,  however,  acted  to  the  detriment  of  Idaho, 
and  the  fire  at  Wood  River  was  bud  for  the 
mining  industry  of  that  region.  The  Wood 
River  country,  however,  has  much  that  is  en> 
coaraging  in  its  mines,  some  of  which  are  ship- 
ping ore  and  others  being  developed.  At 
Hellevue  the  Minnie  Moore  and  Queen  of  the 
Hills  are  both  shipping.  At  Yankee  Fork  the 
Dickens-Custer  property  lay  idle  part  of  the 
time  last  year,  though  when  running  the  bullion 
product  was  §30,000  a  month.  The  Washing- 
ton ran  its  small  mill  all  the  year.  The  Rams- 
horn  Co.  operated  its  plant  at  6iy  Horse  only 
part  of  the  year.  The  miues  are  in  excellent 
condition,  aa  is  all  the  plant,  coneiatiog  of  a 
concentrating  mill  and  smelter.  The  machin- 
ery  is  operated  by  water  under  375  feet  pressure 
on  a  Pelton  wheel.  Baring  the  season  the 
companv  shipped  about  405  tons  of  bullion,  car- 
rying 206  354  ounces  silver,  200  tons  of  apeies 
and  matte,  carrying  12,000  ounces  silver  and 
about  250  tons  of  high-grade  ore  carrying  about 
.50,000  ounces  silver.  To  mike  t'lia  bullion, 
matte  and  speiss  required  195,000  bushels  of 
oharooal,  made  in  permanent  kilns  near  the 
smelter.  The  shipments  of  these  smaller  mines 
aggregate  about  150  tons,  equal  to  about  30,000 
ounces  of  silver,  making  the  product  of  the 
oamp,  outside  of  the  mines  owned  by  the  Clay- 
ton Co.,  aggregate  nearly  if  not  quite  300,000 
ounces  silver. 

In  Sea  Foam  district  considerable  progress 
has  been  made,  though  the  distance  from  an  ore 
market  has  hindered  development.  At  Nioho* 
lia,  the  Viola  Co.  ran  their  works  three 
months  and  turned  out  1500  tons  of  bullion. 
Rocky  Bar  mines  are  being  developed  and  a 
number  of  small  mines  keep  the  custom  mill  at 
work.  The  principal  mining  camps  in  and 
around  Silver  City  did  well  with  several  mills 
running.  Silver  City  shipped  away  §265, 000 
last  year.  The  Da  Limar  group  at  Wagon- 
town  turned  out  3410,000  in  1889. 

The  U.  8.  A^say  Office  at  Boise  City  han- 
dled last  year  S622.773  in  gold  and  $70,924  in 
silver. 

Mr.  J.  W.  Conningbam,  assayer  in  charge,  in 
transmitting  this  table  of  gold  and  silver,  eays: 
"  The  placer  mines  of  Idaho  have  yielded 
scarcely  half  the  prodoct  of  a  good  season, 
owing  to  the  laok  of  sufficient  water  to  work 
them.  Many  of  the  largest  claims  were  not 
worked  at  all.  You  are  thoroughly  acquaint- 
ed with  these  conditions,  however,  and  will  be 
able  to  see  under  what  disadvantages  so  good 
a  showing  has  bsen  made. 

**  Deposits  during  the  last  few  months  came 
from  Portland,  Baker  City,  Pendleton,  Canyon 
City  and  Malheur,  Oregon,  and  from  Lawiston, 
Salmon  City  and  other  distant  points  in  Idaho, 
besides  the  many  places  in  the  vicinity  of  the 
office.  This  shows  how  large  a  section  is  ac- 
commodated  by  this  office.  The  Government 
maintains  the  office  at  considerable  expense, 
simply  for  the  convenience  of  the  miners.  Ex- 
actly the  same  value  is  received  for  bullion  de- 
posited here  as  at  the  mints  at  Philadelphia  or 
San  Francisco,  the  depositor  getting  quicker 
returns  and  saving  a  great  deal  in  the  differ- 
ence in  express  charges." 

The  Ccear  d'Alene  mines  have  done  well  the 
past  year.  The  Wardner  News  says :  Vast 
as  have  been  the  achievements  of  the  past,  they 
are  as  nothing  compared  with  the  possibilities 
of  the  future,  of  which  the  most  vivid  imagina- 
tion can  scarcely  yet  conceive.  The  healthy 
©ondition  of  affairs  and  approaohing  tide  of  de- 
velopment warrants  the  expectation  of  a  mark- 
ed enhancement  of  values.  Althoagh  oar 
country  has  but  passed  the  first  stages  of  its  ex- 
istence, it  already  occupies  an  important  place 
in  the  history  of  mining,  if  great  achievements 
count  for  aught.  Gradually  the  silly  prejudice 
of  over-timid  capitalists,  which  has  too  long 
handicapped  the  industry  of  mining,  is  disap- 
pearing, and  the  grand  opportunities  for  the 
profitable  investment  of  capital  are  being  real- 
ized. Miles  upon  miles  of  mineral  lands  are 
found  in  Northern  Idaho,  and  our  country  is 
blessed  with  a  buetling,  ambitious,  intelligent 
community,  who  are  Btraining  every  nerve 
toward  its  development.     The  workings  of  our 


mines  are  yielding  rich  returns  that  are  drop- 
ping rapidly  into  the  big  financial  basket,  caus- 
ing all  eyes  to  tarn  in  admiration  to  the  wealth 
of  CcDur  d'Alene. 

MONTANA. 

Montana  still  stands  at  the  head  of  the  bull- 
ion-producing regions  of  the  United  States, 
having  m.tde  a  splendid  record  last  year,  as  for 
several  years  past.  Butte  is  now  the  most  im- 
portant mining  *' camp"  in  the  conntry,  hav- 
ing long  since  eclipsed  L^adville  and  Virginia, 
and  is  apt  to  keep  this  position  for  some  years 
to  come. 

Some  idea  of  the  Immense  amount  of  ore 
treated  in  Mnntana  may  be  gained  by  a  glance 
at  the  reduction  works  in  various  parts  of  the 
State.  Thoete  of  ButGe  and  Anaconda  consist 
of  mills,  smelters  and  concentrators.  In  Butte 
the  following  quartz  mills  are  in  operation  : 
Blue  Bird,  90  stamps;  Lexington,  50  stamps; 
Alice,  80  stamps;  Moulton,  40  stamps;  Silver 
Bow,  50  stamps.  At  Anaoonda  there  is  a  60- 
stamp  wetorushing  mill.  Total  number  of 
stamps  operating  on  Butte  ore,  350.  These 
stamps  together  crush  an  average  of  600  tons 
of  ore  per  day,  or  18,000  tons  per  month,  or 
216,000  tons  per  annum.  The  great  bulk  of 
Batte  ore,  however,  is  treated  in  the  great 
smelters  designated  as  follows  : 

Daily  uapacity, 


tuus. 

Boston  &  Uontana  1,000 

Parrot 400 

Biitte  &  Boston ,100 

Colorado  &   Montana..  lOO 

Butte  Reduction  Worki 150 

Aoiiconda  (limited  account  of  fire) 1,500 

The  Boston  &  Montana's  new  smelter  at  Great 
Falls,  when  completed,  will  treat  not  leaa  than 
2000  tons  per  day,  and  the  Batte  &  Boston's 
new  smelter,  when  completed,  1000  tons  per  day. 
Together  they  will  equal  the  Anaconda's  full 
blaot  capacity  of  3000  tons.  The  totil  ore  out- 
put of  the  Butte  mines  will  be  as  follows  ; 

Number  of  smeUers  on  Butte  ore 8 

C'lipacity  for  the  year  ISStl 3,250  tons 

Capacity  for  the  year  ISOO ti,760  tons 

In  addition  to  the  great  mills  and  smelters  of 
Butte,  there  are  many  others  located  in  various 
portions  of  the  State  and  contributing  liberally 
to  its  mighty  output.  Among  the  mills,  the 
principal  ones  are  the  Granite  (2),  Hope,  Black 
Pine,  Cable  Pyrenees,  Bimetallic  and  Ohampiou 
in  Djer  Ladge  couutyj  Drumlummon  (3  mills, 
120  stamps).  Jay  Gould,  Empire,  Gloster  and 
Sterling  in  Lewis  and  Clarke;  Elkhorn  in  Jeffer- 
son, and  five  gold  mills  in  Madison  and  others 
in  Beaverhead,  Meagher  and  Missoula,  There 
are  no  fewer  than  90O  stamps  in  operation  in 
the  State,  other  than  those  of  Butts,  numbering 
850  and  making  a  grand  total  of  1250  stamps 
pounding  out  silver  and  gold.  Witnout  know- 
ing exactly,  it  is  fair  to  assume  that  these 
etampa  treat  not  less  than  2000  tons  of  ore  every 
24  boors. 

The  smelting  plants  outside  of  !^utte  and 
Anaoonda  are  few,  though  many  are  pro* 
jected.  The  largest  in  operation  are  the  Hecla 
Con.  at  Glendale,  one  of  the  best  managed  and 
most  profitable  institutions  in  the  country;  the 
Helena  Mining  and  R3ductton  Company's 
works,  near  Helena,  and  the  Great  Falls 
smelter  at  the  city  of  that  cacne.  The  total 
capacity  of  these  is   1500  tons  per  day. 

From  these  figures  an  intelligent  idea  can 
be  obtained  concerning  the  amount  of  ore 
treated  daily  in  this  State.  It  may  be  more 
pliioly  set  forth  as  follows: 

Tons 

Ore  treated  in  Butte  eifver  mills 500 

Ore  treated  in  Butte  and  An  iconda  tmeltera 3,500 

Ore  treated  in  otli>  r  silver  mi;ls 1,:00 

Ore  treated  in  other  smeltera 1,500 

Total 7,000 

lb  is  impossible  in  the  space  at  command  to 
even  mention  any  except  the  most  prominent 
properties.  The  Butte  Inter 'Mountain  in  its 
holiday  "eouvenir,"  which  is  vary  handsomely 
printed,  gives  a  vast  amount  of  information 
concerning  the  mines,  but  we  can  only  make 
room  for  a  few  extracts. 

The  basis  of  the  present  great  commercial 
prosperity  of  Batte  rests  very  largely  upon  the 
number  of  men  employed  by  the  mining  and 
reduction  oompanies  and  the  amount  of  wages 
paid  out.  Eioh  year  shows  a  great  increase  in 
the  sum  of  money  thus  distributed,  fortbe  list 
of  employes  is  constantly  growing  while  the 
scale  of  wages  remains  the  same.  The  follow- 
ing table  will  be  of  interest  to  those  who  would 
understand  the  prosperity  of  Butte: 

Men  Monthly 

Crmpany.  Employed.     Poy  Uo  1. 

Anaconda    (dmeUer  included) 3000  §300,000 

Boston  &  Montana 800  80,000 

f anot    400         ■      40.'  00 

Butte  &   Boston , 300  30fi'}(\ 

Bluebird  .._ 250  25,000 

Colorado 3uO  3u,000 

Butte  Reduction   Works 100  10  000 

Lexinjjton .250  25  OOO 

Alice 200  20,000 

iMoulton 75  7,500 

Cora,   Wabash,     Volunteer,    Stevens, 
■     llaui3dell,  Parrot,  Star  West,  Clear 

Grit,  etc 500  50,000 


The  Blue  Bird  produces  from  §1, 250,000  to 
$1,600,000  a  year,  and  the  Anaconda  makes 
yearly  profits  of  $5,000,000.  It  never  has  de- 
clared a  public  dividend, 

Below  appears  a  table  of  the  production  of 
the  mills  and  smelters  of  Batte  for  the  year 
18S9,  baaed  upon  official  or  other  reliable  infor- 
mation. In  the  totals,  copper  is  figured  at  11 
cents  aud  silver  at  93— about  the  average  value 
of  those  metals  during  the  year.     The  silver 


bullion  is  tjgured  at  800  6ne.  The  20-8tamp 
mill  of  the  Alice  has  been  long  undergoing  re- 
pairs, and  the  great  Blue  Bird  has  been  closed 
for  nearly  four  months,  thus  accounting  for  the 
small  reduction  in  the  bullion  shipments  as 
compared  with  last  year.  The  copper  ship- 
ments show  a  great  increase,  as  do  also  the 
silver  contents  of  the  copper  matte.  Had  cop- 
per sold  for  as  much  in  18S9  as  it  brought  in 
1S8S,  the  product  of  the  district  would  show  a 
total  value  of  $26,801,687.35,  the  depreciation  in 
the  price  of  copper  having  cost  the  district 
$4,790,000.  But  the  showing  with  copper  at 
11  cents  is  magnificent  and  healthy.  The  tabu- 
lated prodnctioQ  is  as  follows: 

llOSIuS  it  MOM'ANA  CUUI'ANY. 

Silver.  2153.107  07.i.  at  03c...  .«»44.CS9  51 
C>.(,iier.'JO.Ol>O.00Olb8.at  lie.  2,860.01)0  (0 
Gold,  000  0Z3.  at*20 13,320  00 


I'AKROT  COMI'AHV. 

Silvt-r.  80i>  000  oz^.  at  •.*3-\  ..  ¥7i4,000  CO 
Co.'i^ur,  r2,QOO,0u0lb8.  u.lle     l,:i2U,000  00 

ANACONDA  COMPANY. 

Copper,    70.000,000    Ihj.,  at 

llu.,  tixcluaivc  of  silver  in 

matte .*7,700,000  00 

Bullion  Hilver,  2,000,000  ozs. 

at  93c 1,860,000  00 

KDTTB  &  IfOBTOS  C081PANT. 
Copper,  2,500,0C0  lbs.  at  lie.    §275,000  00 

Silver   B'  w  mill  product  included  in  ex- 
press Bliipments. 

COLORADO  CO.MfANY. 

Silver,  840,000  oza.  at  93c. . .  $781,200  01 
Copper,  2.400,000  lbs.  at  lie,  204,000  00 
Gold,  1^00  ozs,  at  S20 36,000  00 


$3,118,009  61 


*i,06I.OOO  00 


Sa,fi60,COO  OU 


S275,000  00 


HUTTB  RRunCIION-  WORKS. 

Silver,  4.000,000  oz3.  at  93e. .    $3'i0,000  00 
Copper,  7,000,000  lbs.  at  lie.      770,000  00 

UORNUROOK  B&MPLBIl. 
Silver,  cold  and  copper  value 
of  shipments §560,000  00 


$1,051,200  00 


.^1,130,000  00 


MISCELLANHOUS   BDll'MENTS. 

Placeie  and  small  mills.. 


§500,000  00 


5^350.000  00 


*350,000  00 
The  silver  bullion  shipped  by  Wells-Fargo, 
American  and  Pacific  Elxprtss  Companies 
from  the  Alice,  Eluehitd,  Uoultim,  Lexirg- 
ton  and  Silver  Bow  (Butte  &  Beaton)  milts 
aggregate  3274  bavd,  259,918  oz3.  in  weight. 
The  above  bars  contained  on  a  basis  of  800 
fine  4,lEjS,G3S  ounces  of  Gne  silver,  which  at 
the  average  market  value  of  93  cents  per 
ounce  amount  to 83.'167,479  31 


Grand  total §22,005,689  35 

The  total  amount  of  dividends  paid  by  the 
incorporated  mining  companies  of  Montana 
makes  an  interesting  and  important  table.  Dur- 
ing the  past  ten  years  the  dividends  paid  by 
those  oompanies  only  whose  stock  is  listed  have 
aggi'^g^ted  as  follows  : 


Mine. 

Alice 

Amy  S  Bilveraoiitb 

Boston  &  Montann 

Bo.-toii  &■  Montana  (gold). . 

Elkhorn 

Empire 

Granite  Mountain 

Helena  Mining  &  Red'c'n. . 

Hecla  Con 

Hope ,      

Jay  Gould 

Drumlumoion 

Moulton 

Original 

Parrot.S480,000;  Lexington, 
§665,000 


County.  Amount 

.Silver  Bow §800,000 

.Silver  Bow 334.520 

Silver  Bjw 925.000 

Lewis  &  Clarke 520,000 

.JeBerflon ISO.O'  0 

Lewis  &,  Clarke, 70,500 

Deer  Lodge 7,600,000 

Lewis&Clarke 102,310 

Beaverhead 1,375.500 

Deer  Lodge 233,000 

Lewis  &  Clarke 375,000 

Lewis  &  Clarke 2,417,000 

Si  ver  Bow 330,000 

Silver  Bow 133,000 

Sliver  Bow 1,045,000 


Total §16,455,830 

Daring  the  year  the  declared  dividends  of  the 
companies  above  mentioned  amounted  to  some- 
tbingover  $-lt.O0O,OOO,but  it  must  not  be  supooaed 
that  the  profits  of  the  mining  industry  of  Batte 
and  of  Montana  are  represented  in  the  above 
table.  Many  of  the  richest  mines  are  owned 
by  private  parties  who  make  no  pnblic  state- 
ment of  their  profits,  while  others  are  close  oor- 
poratiouB,  having  no  stock  on  the  market^  and 
under  no  obligations  to  make  dividend  or  other 
statements. 

NEVADA. 

Notwithstanding  the  many  districts  in  the 
State  of  Nevada,  the  bulk  of  the  bullion  prod- 
uct still  continues  to  come  from  the  Oomstock 
lode.  The  Virginia  Chronicle  states  that  the 
total  bullion  yield  of  the  State  in  1889  did  not 
exceed  SS, 500.000.  against  a  total  product  of 
$10,525,000  in  18SS.  The  falling  off  is  dne  to 
a  lack  of  milling  facilities  for  handling  Com- 
stock  ore,  and  not  an  exhaustion  of  the  re- 
sources of  the  m.ines. 

Of  the  total  bullion  yield  of  theSbate  in  1889, 
the  Comstock  lode  produced  about  $5,250,000, 
the  product  of  the  lode  being  curtailed  more 
than  a  million  below  what  it  would  have  been 
had  there  been  sufficient  water-power  to  operate 
the  Carson-river  raille  throughout  the  summer, 
which,  from  that  cause  were  shut  down  from 
early  in  June  until  the  middle  of  November. 

The  snowfall  of  the  present  winter  has  been 
ample  to  supply  water  for  milling  purposes  two 
months  later  than  last  year,  and  the  prospect 
is,  therefore,  favorable  that  the  yield  of  the 
lode  in  1890  will  exceed  that  of  1889  by  at  least 
$1,000,000,  as  the  draining  of  the  Gold  Hill 
mines  will  add  a  large  area  to  the  present  ore 
resources. 

The  assessments  levied  by  Comstock  mining 
companies  in  1889  foot  up  to  a  total  of  $1,831,- 
050.     The  bullion  product  of  the  lode  exceedfl 


by  nearly  $4,000,000  the  total   sum  of  aseeas- 
ments  levied. 

The  total  ore  product  of  the  Oomstock  lode 
during  ISSH  aggregates  about  215,000  tons,  the 
royalty  on  whioh,  when  paid,  will  add  that 
number  of  dollars  to  the  treasury  of  the  Com- 
stock Tunnel  Co.  The  income  of  the  Virginia 
&  Truokee  Railroad  Co.,  for  the  transportation 
of  the  bulk  of  this  ore  to  the  Cirson-tiver  and 
Nevada  mills,  will  not  fall  far  short  of  $175,- 
060,  and  the  revenue  of  the  mill  companies  for 
crushing  it  foots  op  to  $1,225,000. 

Dan  De  Qaille,  in  a  letter  from  Nevada  to 
the  S:ilt  LiRe  Trihune,  says  that  from  what  is 
now  to  bo  seen  it  is  safe  to  say  that  Nevada's 
yield  of  the  precious  metals  for  1890  will  fall 
little  short  of  $12,000,000.  This  will  be  owing 
to  a  milling  season  that  will  probably  last 
until  the  middle  of  July  (?o  great  is  the  depth 
of  snow  already  heaped  up  in  the  high  Sierrae), 
to  the  opening  of  new  mines  in  the  eastern 
part  of  the  State,  and  to  the  yield  of  gold 
placers  whioh  will  next  spring  bo  opened  near 
our  eastern  border  at  JdflF  JJivia  peak,  and  in 
places  in  White  Pine  county,  where  good  pros- 
pects have  been  obtained. 

The  Comstock  mines  are  still  showing  large 
quantities  of  ore.  This  is  of  a  low  grade  com- 
pared with  that  taken  ont  in  the  old  bonanza 
days,  yet,  with  plenty  of  water  and  economical 
working,  can  be  made  to  pay  a  fair  profit.  At 
the  Gold-Hill  end  of  the  Comstock  lode  prep- 
arations are  being  made  for  pumping  oat  the 
old  lower  levels  and  the  resumption  of  mining 
below  the  level  of  the  Sutro  drain  tunnel.  The 
Gold  Hill  mines  still  have  considerable  bodies 
of  low-grade  ore  above  the  Sutro  tunnel,  but 
as  large  areas  of  better  ore  are  known  to  exist 
in  some  of  the  old  flooded  leVels,  the  companies 
having  soch  ore  naturally  desire  to  be  mining 
it;  also  it  is  desirable  to  have  it  in  order 
that  It  may  be  mixed  with  the  ores  of  lower 
grade. 

As  there  is  a  heavy  fall  of  snow  on  the  in- 
terior ranges  of  mountains,  the  miners  in  those 
mountains  will  have  a  good  season  this  year, 
as  well  as  all  the  ranchmen  of  the  interior  val- 
leys. 

The  heavy  fall  of  snow  will  give  the  Hy- 
draulic M.  Co.  at  Oiceolaa  grand  season.  Un- 
doubtedly they  will  next  spring  and  summer 
wash  out  a  vast  deal  of  gold.  Much  gold  will 
also  be  likely  to  be  taken  out  at  the  newly  dia- 
c:.vered  placer  mines  in  Kobinson  district. 
These  plaoer  mines  will  no  doubt  be  of  great 
assistance  to  the  people  of  White  Pine  county, 
and  indeed  to  all  in  the  eastern  part  of  the 
State. 

In  Fioche  the  prospects  of  the  miners  are 
brightening,  and  the  day  may  come  when  that 
town  will  enjoy  more  than  its  old-time  prosper- 
ity. A  railroad  would  give  that  whole  region 
a  big  boom. 

Some  good  mines  are  being  opened  in  Nye 
county  and  in  Linder  about  Austin.  Also 
about  Eureka  some  good  strikes  are  being  made 
both  in  old  and  new  mines,  and  the  prospects  of 
the  town  are  beginning  to  brighten. 

Tuscarora  holds  its  own  well  and  much  bull* 
ion  is  being  shipped  from  the  leading  mines. 
The  people  of  Tuscarora  anticipate  good  times 
next  season.  The  Paradise  Valley  mines  are 
also  doing  well,  and  in  Humboldt  county  some 
mines  are  being  opened  that  bid  fair  to  prove 
very  valuable,  Hawthorne  district,  in  this  part 
of  the  State,  continues  to  prosper.  Nearly  all 
the  veins  worked  are  gold-bearingand  some  are 
astonishingly  rich.  It  is  '*  the  poor  man's  dis- 
trict," as  very  many  of  the  veins  pay  from  the 
start,  and  though  generally  small,  pockets  are 
occasionally  encountered  that  yield  snug  little 
fortunes. 

At  Aurora  times  are  improving,  and  at  Can- 
delaria  the  Mt.  Diablo  is  still  making  fair  ship- 
ments of  bullion. 

About  Silver  City  the  miners  are  so  situated 
as  to  make  the  most  of  the  water  that  will  fiow 
through  their  town  next  spring.  They  will 
this  winter  get  out  a  good  deal  of  ore  from  the 
many  little  gold  veins  for  which  their  town  has 
been  famous  the  past  30  years.  This  ore  the 
mills  near  there  will  be  able  to  reduce  when  the 
snows  begin  to  melt  on  the  mountains. 

At  Eureka,  notwithstanding  the  comparative 
inaotivity  of  the  Richmond  and  Eureka  Con. 
companies,  the  prospects  of  the  camp  are 
brighter  than  could  have  been  expected  a  year 
ago,  and  if  business  is  dull  there  are  at  least 
reasons  for  believing  that  the  spring  will  open 
with  greater  activity  than  any  preceding  season 
for  years  past.  The  Eureka  Sentinel  says  these 
reasons  are  the  sale  of  several  mines  on  Pros- 
pect Mountain,  the  fine  developments  and  ex- 
cellent prospects  of  those  and  neighboring 
properties,  the  strong  probabilities  of  sampling 
works  to  be  ereoted  in  the  near  future,  and  the 
great  reduction  of  rates  for  the  transportation 
of  ore  to  other  markets,  that  have  made  it  pos- 
sible to  work  and  mine  the  low-grade  ores  of 
the  district. 

There  are  a  large  number  of  mines  that  are 
lying  idle  where  pay  ore  may  be  found,  many 
of  them  having  large  deposits  of  low-grade 
material  that,  differing  from  the  past,  can  now 
be  worked  with  big  profit  to  the  owners. 

We  have  each  week  during  the  past  year 
given  in  our  "Mining  Summary  "a  record  of 
progress  in  the  various  camps  in  Nevada,  and  it 
is  impossible  to  mention  the  hundreds  of  mines 
that  are  being  developed.  The  great  mineral 
region  bordering  on  the  Carson  &  Colorado  rail- 
road has  scarcely  been  touched,  and  there  are 
abundant  opportnnlties  for  capital  in  most  of 
the  districts.  Many  of  these  camps  have  been 
neglected  by  capital  for  years,  and  the  miners 
themselves  can  do  little  toward  developing  these 


S2 


Mining  and  Scientific.  Press.' 


[Feb.  1,  1890 


properties  nnlesa  they  are  aaaiated.^  Thereare 
plenty  of  good  propertieB  in  that  region,  which, 
if  handled  by  moneyecl  men,  would  be  very  val- 
uable. This  ia  not  only  the  case  in  the  sec- 
tioD  referrod  to,  bat  elaewhere  in  the  mountains 
of  Nevada. 

KEW  MEXICO. 

Tbfl  record  of  bullion  production  of  this  Ter- 
ritory is  ftiven  elaewhere  in  this  number  of  the 
Press.  The  Silver  City  Enterprise  publiahed 
on  the  first  of  this  year  an  illaatrated  edition 
giving  detaila  of  work  in  the  various  oampa, 
and  from  these  articles  we  condiense  the  state- 
ments here  presented.  The  G-aorgetown  region 
is  the  most  prosperous  mining  section  of  the 
Territory.  The  output  from  the  camp  for  years 
past  has  been  so  regular  that  the  public  in  gen- 
eral now  regards  it  as  a  matter  of  fact,  and  the 
shipment  of  $10,000  or  $15,000  in  bdllion  and 
several  cars  of  rich  ore  in  a  week  or  month  at- 
tracts but  little  attention. 

From  Alex.  McGregor,  now  in  charge  of  the 
property,  the  Enterprise  learns  that  the  lowest 
grade  ore  taken  from  the  mines  averages  51 
ouncea,  while  the  average  of  the  mill-run  for 
the  year  was  86  6  ounces.  This  does  not  in- 
clude the  very  rich  ore,  which  is  usually  shipped 
to  Socorro  for  treatment.  Seven  tons  of  this 
class  of  ore  shipped  last  month  returned  $5000. 
This  la  somewhat  above  the  usual  high-grade 
ore,  and  is  given  simply  to  show  that  George- 
town can  produce  ore  of  as  high  a  grade  as  any 
other  camp  in  the  country.  During  the  past 
year  the  output  of  the  Mimbres  Cons.  Mining 
Co.'a  property  was  290,400  ounces,  which  was 
unusually  light,  owing  to  the  immense  amount 
of  deadwork  beinsvlone. 

The  leasers  last  year  took  out  of  the  McNulty 
mine  $20,000.  Raby  and  Vellines  are  the 
names  of  two  new  camps,  distance  respectively 
six  and  eight  miles  from  Georgetown,  in  a 
southeasterly  direction.  They  appear  to  be 
an  extension  of  the  Georgetown  mineral  belt. 
In  Grant  county  {where  Silver  City  is  situat- 
ed), the  mining  industry  leads  all  others  in 
point  of  capital  invested,  returns  received  and 
the  almost  unlimited  field  for  exploration  which 
yet  remains  open  for  the  energetic  prospector. 
As  yet,  the  varioua  mineral  zones  throughout 
the  county  have,  at  the  very  best,  been  imper- 
fectly prospected,  in  short,  indulging  in  a  term 
in  common  parlance,  that  which  has  been  ac- 
compliahed  conaiats  of  the  merest  scratching. 
The  silver-bearing  areas  may  be  divided  into 
two  distinct  districts — the  one  at  Georgetown 
and  Bear  mountain  (Fleming),  and  Chloride 
Fiat,  constituting  the  lime,  quartzite  and  por- 
phyry, and  Black  Hawk  the  granitic,  or,  as  it 
is  frequently  termed,  syenite,  the  other.  Fol- 
lowing the  discovery  of  gold  came  the  location 
and  development  of  the  wonderful  deposits  at 
Georgetown,  Chloride  Flat,  Fleming  and  Black 
Hawk,  which  unitedly  have  yielded,  in  a  little 
more  than  a  decade,  over  $15,000,000  in  silver; 
and,  while  to  many  the  term  deposit  is  indica- 
tive that  complete  exhauBtion  of  ore  bodies  fol- 
lows development,  late  explorations  of  the  lime 
areas  conclusively  show  that  the  virgin  ground 
is  proving  to  be  fully  as  rich  and  as  productive 
as  the  territory  first  exploited.  The  larger 
portion  of  the  ores  are  free  milling,  and 
the  advantage  of  home  treatment  of  the 
low  grades  has  built  up  and  sustained  a 
population  noted  for  its  energy,  thrift  and  en- 
teipriae.  The  higher  grades,  carryingfrom  $100 
to  $500  per  ton,  are  shipped  to  distant  points, 
^'he  lead  ores  are  principally  carbonates, 
yielding  from  20  to  60  per  ceut  in  lead  to  the 
ton,  and  from  $20  to  $150  per  ton  in  silver. 
Cook's  Peak  has  been  carefully  exploited  and 
developed,  and  the  yield  has  proven  a  bonanza 
to  the  owners. 

The  zinc  interests  are  specially  noted  for 
their  extent,  high  percentage,  and  the  purity  of 
the  mineral  carrying  this  metal.  The  mineral 
zone  bearing  this  metal  is  confined  to  the 
southeastern  portion  of  Hanover  gulch,  in 
which  a  dozen  or  more  claims  have  been  lo- 
cated. Zinc  smelters  in  the  East  are  offering 
$24  per  ton  for  zinc  carbonates,  which  leaves 
to  the  miner  a  small  margin  after  all  mloing 
expeneea  have  been  paid,  which  includes  trans- 
portation to  the  eastern  side  of  the  Missis- 
sippi  river.  Carload  lota  are  now  transported 
at  rates  not  exceeding  $10  per  ton. 

There  are  three  gold-mining  districts  in 
Grant  county — Pinos  Altos^  Carlisle  and  Gold 
Hill.  The  veins  in  each  are  true  fissure,  and 
occur  in  the  granite  rocks.  In  width  they 
range  from  6  inches  to  20  feet,  and  the  general 
strike  is  from  a  few  degrees  east  of  north  to  an 
east  and  weat  course.  Frue  vanners  aud  other 
machines  are  used  for  concentrating  the  orea, 
and  the  resultant  concentrates  are  shipped  to 
distant  smelting  establishments,  where  they 
are  sold,  Pinos  Altoaat  preaent  is  the  leading 
producer,  but  it  is  a  mere  question  of  time  be- 
fore Gold  Hill  and  Carlisle  will  rapidly  come 
to  the  front  and  show  up  quite  as  handsomely 
as  theit  more  fortunate  neighbor.  It  is  a  note- 
worthy fact  that  the  gold  mines  in  the  dis- 
tricts alluded  to  are  easily  and  cheaply 
mined,  aad  the  attendant  expense  of  timbering 
is  not'  nearly  so  great  as  in  other  countries  as 
favorably  situated  as  New  Mexico  for  mining 
purposes.  The  gold  bullion  produced  annually 
foots  up  about  $750,000,  which  is  mined  at  an 
expense  of  about  §500,000,  leaving  a  profit  of 
$250,000,  or  33^  per  cent  on  the  investment. 
There  are  several  large  companies  constantly 
engaged  in  developing  their  prbperty. 

lAmong  other  districts,  Hanover  gulch  is  pre- 
eminently rich  in  copper  ores.  Thousands  of 
tons  of  iron  are  also  shipped  annually  to  the 
smelting  establishments  of  El  Paso  and  Socorro. 


Bald  Mountain  is  among  the  latest  discovered 
of  the  many  districts  tributary  to  Silver  City. 
The  Silver  King  mine,  in  that  district,  is  a 
wide  and  defined  vein  with  a  value  of  $15  to 
$25  a  ton.  The  "Three  Sisters"  Peaks  and 
district  of  that  name'  is  a  very  prontinent  land- 
mark of  the  southern-central  portion  of  the 
couniy.  The  yield  of  ores  has  been  remuner- 
ative and  the  faith  in  the  future  of  the  camp 
has  prompted  several  of  the  owners  to  protect 
their  claims  by  U.  S.  patents.  A  sale  of  $15,- 
000  was  consumrhated  during  the  early  summer 
of  1S89. 

At  Hachita  the  "blanket  veins  "are  of  ex- 
traordinary width  and  the  lead  riches  have  an 
average  of  30  per  cent  of  lead  to  the  ton.  The 
discovery  of  these  depopits  is  quite  recent, 
and  the  investment  of  El  P^ao  capital  is  in- 
tended to  foster  the  emelting  enterprises  of  that 
city.  Thus  far  the  mines  have  proved  better 
than  represented,  and  it  is  more  than  probable 
that  the  present  output  of  350  tons  per  month 
will  by  the  first  of  May  be  increaeed  fully  100 
per  cent.  The  ore  carries  from  $8  to  $30  per 
ton  in  silver. 

The  Sierra  mines  of  Like  Valley,  after  some 
vicissitudes,  are  making  ore  shipments  from  15 
to  20  cars  per  month.  The  mines  of  Lake  Val- 
ley are  not  second  in  importance  to  any  in  New 
Mexico.  They  have  paid  about  $2,000,000  in 
dividends  to  their  owners.  All  the  mining 
claims  of  the  group  are  now  owned  by  the  one 
company,  tbe  Sliver  Mining  Company  of  Lake 
Valley. 

Lordaburg  ia  surrounded  by  rich  mining 
camps,  all  of  which  are  directly  tributary  to  it. 
To  the  north  are  Carlisle,  Malone  and  Gold 
Hill.  To  the  south  are  Hachita,  Pyramid  and 
Shakespeare,  and  to  the  west  ia  Stein's  Paas. 
Shakespeare  is  one  of  the  oldest  mining  camps 
in  the  southern  part  of  the  Territory,  having 
been  a  large  producer  before  the  Southern  Pa- 
cific road  was  built.  There  are  in  this  camp 
some  of  the  largest  ledges  of  low-grade  ore  in 
the  Southwest.  Two  large  companies  are  now 
operating  in  the  camp.  Tbe  Hercules  Co.  head- 
quarters at  Memphis,  Tennessee,  has  a  10- 
titamp  mill  at  work,  and  intends  soon  to  largely 
increase  its  capacity.  The  Standard  Mutual 
Co.  of  Baltimore  has  a  small  mill  at  the  camp 
and  is  now  negotiating  for  a  reduction  and 
smelting  plant,  which  will  handle  100  tons  of 
ore  per  day. 

At  Carlisle,  100  m^  are  now  employed.  The 
lead  contained  in  the  ore  on  concentration  has 
been  quite  profitable.  Concentration  is  efi'ect- 
ed  by  the  aid  of  36  Frue  vanners.  The  month- 
ly  output  averages  $10,000.  A  Westinlbouse 
electric  plant  is  being  placed  in  position  for  the 
use  of  the  mill  aud  buildings  occupied  by  the 
company.  Under  the  new  management  the 
company  is  rapidly  regaining  lost  ground. 

At  Pinos  Altos,  the  gold  camp,  are  a  number 
of  producing  mines.  The  outlook  for  the  camp, 
notwithstanding  adverse  circumstances,  is  flat- 
tering, and  the  oft-repeated  alarm  which  has 
been  sounded  that  values  in  the  ores  cannot  be 
saved  is  without  foundation  in  fact,  and  with 
careful  business  tact  and  skillful  management, 
the  output  for  the  year,  $350,000,  will  be  in- 
creased during  1890  to  at  least  $3,000,000  in 
gold. 

OREaON. 

In  a  recent  address  before  the  Board  of  Trade 
of  Baker  City,  Or.,  Hon.  Jamea  P.  FauU  said  : 

Among  the  firat  counties  that  attracted  at- 
tention as  a  favorable  field  for  mining.  Baker 
county  was  foremost.  Away  back  in  1S62,  when 
but  little,  was  known  of  what  now  constitutes 
the  Great  Inland  Ecnpire,  gold  was  diaoovered 
at  Auburn,  and  a  stampede  of  miners,  speculat- 
ors and  many  others  fiocked  to  the  new 
gold-field.  Other  discoveries  followed,  such  as 
Winterville,  Parkerville,  Robinsonville,  Granite 
Greek  and  a  number  of  others,  which,  during 
the  following  season,  produced  about  $5,000,000 
worth  of  gold-dust.  No  attention  was  at  that 
time  paid  to  quartz  mining,  and  no  quartz  mines 
of  a  productive  character  had  been  discovered 
except  the  Virtue  mine,  which  produced  many 
thousands  of  dollars  and  was  worked  spasmodi- 
cally for  many  years,  and  produced  nearly  three 
millions  of  money. 

After  the  exhausting  of  the  rich  placers,  min- 
ing remained  quiet  for  a  number  of  years.  At- 
tention was  diverted  toward  mines  of  gold,  sil- 
ver aud  copper  and  other  precious  and  useful 
metals,  and  each  succeeding  year  adds  new  and 
important  mining  properties  to  those  already 
uncovered,  until  now  we  are  the  most  impor- 
tant county  in  the  whole  State  in  the  produc- 
tion of  metals,  both  precious  and  useful. 
Amoug  the  important  mining  companies  oper- 
ating in  this  county  I  will  name  :  The  Connor 
Creek  Mining  Co,,  located  at  Connor  Creek; 
mill  of  35  stamps;  the  Eureka  &  Escelsior  M. 
Co.,  located  at  Cracker  Creek;  mill,  20  stamps; 
the  Gold  Ridge  M,  Co,,  mill,  10  stamps;  Bo- 
nanza M.  Co.,  mill.  10  stamps;  Virtue  M.  Co., 
mill,  20  stamps;  White  Star  M.  Co.,  mill,  10 
stamps;  Elk  Horn  M.  Co.,  mill,  10  stamps  ; 
Cleveland  M.  Co.,  mill,  ten  stamps;  Oregon 
Gold  M.  Co.,  Cornucopia,  mill,  20  stamps  ;  Au- 
burn M.  Co.,  mill,  five  stamps;  Miner  M.  Co., 
mill,  ten  stamps;  Elk  Horn  Extension  M,  Co., 
mill,  ten  stamps;  La  Bellevue  M,  Co,,  mill,  20 
stamps;  Monumental  Silver  M.  Co.,  mill,  20 
3;  Golden  Monarch  M.  Co.,  mill,  ten 
stamps;  Baker  City  M.  Co.,  mill,  ten  stamps; 
Worley  M.  Co,,  mill,  ten  stamps;  Pboauix  M. 
Co.,  mill,  ten  stamps;  Evening  Star  M.  Co., 
mill,  ten  stamps.  Added  to  these  are  as  many 
that  are  operating  with  arastraa.. 

Many  additional  mines  ship  their  prod- 
uct to  the  smelters  at  Denver,  Salt  Lake,  Pueb- 


lo and  San  Francisco,  and  many  more  are 
only  in  an  incipient  stage  of  development, 
which  will  be  among  the  future  bonanzas  of 
the  Pacific  Northwest  and  enrich  the  ownera 
and  the  State  millions  of  dollars.  Take  a  ret- 
rospective glance  over  the  past  five  years,  and 
see  what  has  been  accomplished  in  our  mineral 
development.  When  the  railroad  was  com- 
pleted, our  mines  had  received  no  attention 
from  capital.  We  were  a  terra  incognita  to  the 
adventurous  speculator,  and  they  both  turned 
from  us  with  contempt  or  pity  when  we  men- 
tioned our  mines.  All  this  is  now  changed. 
Capital  now  seeks  investment  in  our  mining 
properties,  and  the  ever-necessary  middleman 
and  promoter  is  always  with  us.  Our  lime- 
stone and  lime  have  attracted  much  attention, 
and  shipment  of  many  trainloads  baa  been 
made.  That  which  has  been  made  ia  only  an 
atom  of  what  will  follow. 

UTAH. 

A  tabular  statement  of  the  bullion  product 
of  Utah  is  given  on  another  page,  showing  in 
some  detail  the  character  of  tbe  metal  output. 

Mining  in  the  Territory  has  been  generally 
successful.  Still  the  status  of  the  lead  ques- 
tion, as  regards  foreign  importations,  has  Oeen 
unsatisfactory  to  the  lead  minera,  and  the  dis- 
count on  silver  has  also  been  a  detriment.  The 
base  metal  and  ore  output  from  Utah  to  foreign 
points  for  the  year  show  a  decided  increase 
over  last  year. 

The  Salt  Lake  Trifiune  gave  the  best  sum- 
mary of  the  mining  industry  of  last  year  of  any 
paper  on  the  ooast,  including  not  only  the 
mines  of  Utah,  but  those  of  Montana,  Idaho 
and  Wyoming,  From  the  various  articles  in 
that  paper  we  make  np  the  following  notes: 

Tintic  district  had  a  very  prosperous  year, 
and  has  developed  so  well  as  to  eatablish  it  as 
the  next  to  the  best  in  Utah.  The  Eureka  Hill 
property  ia  now  down  900  feet  and  they  em- 
ployed last  year  an  average  of  200  men.  The 
Bullion  Back  and  Champion  property  ia  doing 
well,  having  divided  $300,000  among  its  owners 
last  year.  The  Centennial-Eureka  product  in 
1889  was  1,827,000  pounds,  which  gave  a  net 
product  of  243,141  pounds  of  lead;  29,287 
pnunds  of  copper;  86,686  ounces  of  silver,  and 
292  ounces  of  gold,  A  dividend  of  $22,500  was 
paid.  The  Gemini  group,  the  Eagle,  Summit 
and  Lookout  and  others  have  done  well.  The 
Northern  Spy  produces  very  high-grade  ore. 
The  Mammoth  paid  $120,000  in  dividends  last 
year. 

In  Bsaver  county,  as  to  the  Horn  Silver,  the 
full  work  of  the  property  has  not  been  made 
public,  but  shipments  have  gone  on  steadily  all 
the  year. 

The  Hanauer  smelter  output  last  year  was 
4635  tons  of  lead;  582,650  ouncea  silver  and 
6250  ounces  of  gold,  valued  at  $900,000.  The 
Germania  lead  works  made  a  good  showing  for 
the  year,  and  yet  were  idle  part  of  the  time. 
The  Germania  farnaoe's  production  for  the  year 
ending  D"eo.  31.  1889,  estimated  from  Djoem- 
ber  18th  to  Slat.  The  furnaces  were  out  of 
blast  January  1st  to  June  15th, 


!imm^\  Ntice^. 


Gray  Eagle   Mining  Company.    Location 

of  principal  place  of  buBinesg.San  Franciaco,  California. 

Location  of  Works,  Placer  Co.,  Cal. 

NOTICE  is  hereby  given  that,  at  a  meeting  of  the 
Board  of  Directors,  held  on  the  Slst  day  of  January,  1890, 
an  Aeaessment,  No.  16,of  Four  (4)C6iit8  per  share  was  levied 
upon  the  Capital  Stock  of  the  Corporation,  payable  im- 
mediatelv  in  United  States  Gold  Coin,  to  tbe  Secretary, 
at  the  office  of  the  Company,  Room  11,  No.  303  Calilornia 
Street,  San  Franci3co,  California. 

Any  stock  upon  which  this  aagessment  ahaU  remain 
unpaid  on  the  T*enty-flfth  (25th)  day  of  February,  1890, 
will  be  delinquent,  and  advertised  for  sale  at  public 
auction  ;  and  unleaa  payment  is  made  before,  will  be 
sold  on  Monday,  the  17th  day  of  March,  1890,  to  pay  the 
delinquent  assessment,  together  with  the  costs  of  adver- 
tising and  expenses  of  pale. 

By  order  of  the  Board  of  Directors. 

J.  M.  BUFKINGTON,  Secretary, 

Office,  Room  11,  No.  803  California  St.,  San  Francisco, 
California. 


(Successor  to  Heins  &  William,) 

Manufacturer  of  Leatlier  and  Fulled  Rawhide     BELT- 
ING, Kope,  Lace  »ud  Famp  Leather,  Etc. 

134   MAIN    ST.    SAN    PEANOISCO,    OAL. 


Gross 

Lead  w't. 

Ozs. 

w't.  lbs. 

lbs. 

OZJ.  Silv. 

Ould. 

Base  bullion.. 

.4,796,730 

4  761,686 

364,516.63 

4,361.31 

Selected  lead. 

.2,359,610 

£,359,540 

Copper  mafcle . 

.    270,943 

14,176 

3,359.54 

7.22 

The  Mingo  Co.  statement  is  as  follows:  Baring 
the  year  this  company  ran  through  its  furnaoes: 

Ore,   mitte  and  flue  dust,  79,660,000  lb.J.,  39,830  tons. 

Fluxes- 
Iron  ore,  5,li54.(i9&  Ibe.,  2S27  tons §12,723 

Limestone,  17,3S2,125  lbs. ,'S691  tons  15,329 

Fuel  used — 
Coke  and  charcnal,  19,090,000  lbs  .  95i5  tons. .  $107,933 
Coal  and  slack,  9,338,000  lb3.,  4669  tons 16.730 

BinrMENTS. 

Lead,  11.278.689  lbs  ,  5639  tons ) 

Copper.  53S,010  lbs.,  269  tons f  ^,  nor,  q^a 

Silver,  fi92,5I7  ozs I  -^l-O^O.^S* 

Gold,  6163  QZ3 - ,' 

At  Park  City  the  Ontario  property  still 
stands  at  the  head  of  producing  mines  of  the 
district.  Bariag  the  year  1889  its  product  was: 

Bullion  from  ore  crushed §901,798  42 

Ore  shipped  9390  tons 753,000  00 


Great  Variety  of  SHOT  GUNS,  KIFIES. 

etc.    Brecch-Loaders  from  S4  to  $100. 
SEI^ID   STAMPS    FOR    PRICE    LISTS. 

GEO.  W.  SHREVE, 

525  Kearny  Street,         San  Francisco,  CaL 


FOR  SALE  CHEAP. 


One  new  double  circular  Sawmill  to  carry  60-inch  bot- 
tom saw,  with  wrought-iton  bangers  lor  top  saw.  Fric- 
tion feed-works,  patent  steel  screw  double-throw  head- 
blocks,  with  track  iron,  saw  carriage  and  frame  complete. 

RISDON  IRON  &  LOCOMOTIVE  WORKS, 

San  FranclBco,  Oal. 


Total Si, 654,793  42 

The  Dily  property  moved  along  with  its 
production  and  development  regularly  daring 
the  year  and  is  now  in  better  condition  than 
ever.  During  the  year  its  product  was  296,163 
ounces  silver,  296  ounces  of  gold  of  a  gross 
value  of  S2S3  017.  The  ore  sales  were  $32S,- 
264.     The  sulphides  sold  for  S435.420. 

The  Crescent  shipped  .3273  tona  of  ore  and 
oinnabar,  valued  at  §5145,564.  Daring  the 
past  year  mining  operations  have  been  con- 
ducted steadily  on  a  moderate  scale  in  Little 
Cottonwood  district.  The  Emma,  Flagstaff 
andVallejo  have  been  industriously  prospect- 
ing for  bonanzas  similar  to  those  that  made 
this  camp  famous  in  years  not  long  passed, 
and  the  indications  are  such  that  those  inter- 
ested have  well-grounded  hopes  that  large 
bodies  of  ore  will  again  be   developed. 

At  Stockton  the  Honerine  Co,  shipped  2200 
tons  of  S40  ore.  At  Bingham  the  Lead  Mining 
Co.  made  an  output  of  16,200  tona  firat-olass  ore 
and  concentrates.  This  yielded  5500  tons  of  lead 
and  150  ounces  of  silver.  From  this  camp 
there  were  shipped  by  various  mines  21,041 
tons  of  ore;  showing  a  very  prosperous  condi- 
tion  of  affairs.  At  Silver  Reef  the  Stormont 
shipped  last  year  .  $37,504  and  the  Christy 
§46,201.  The  Utah  coal-fields  are  now  quite 
important  and  make  large  shipments.  The 
Pleasant  Valley  Goal  Co.  shipped  141,049  tons, 
Union  Pacific  65,711  tons,  and  Home  Goal  Co. 
36,135  tons,  besides  a  home  oonaumption  of 
about  63,000  tons. 


Tioga  District   Mining  Company, 

Incorporated  June  11,1889.    Capital  Stock,  §10,000,000 
BUY  AND  SELL 

California  Gold,  Silver, Quicksilver,  Copper 
and  Lead  Mines 

OF    ASCERTAINED    VALUE. 

Office,  No.  13  PARROTT'S  BUILDING,  N.  W. 
Corner  of  California  and  Montgomery  Stretta, 
SiN  FRANCISCO,  CAL.      , 
WM.  B.  WIGHTMAN,  Prea.      WM.  H.  V.  CRONISE.  Sec, 


FRANCIS  SMITH  &  CO. 


Manufacturers  of 


Sheet  Iron  and  Steel  Pipe 


130  Beale  Street, 


San  Francisco,  Gal. 


Iron  cut,  punched  and  formed,  for  making:  pipe  on 
ground  All  kinds  of  Tools  supplied  for  making  Pipe. 
Kstimates  given.  Are  prepared  for  coating  all  sizes  of 
Pipe  with  a  composition  oi  Coal  Tar  and  Asphaltum. 


J.  C.  WILSON. 


C.  A.  O'BRIEN. 


J.  MAODONOUQH  &  CO*. 

IMP0RTRR8   AND   DBAIiERS   IN 

COAL  ANDJIG  IRON. 

Principal  Office: 

41    MARKET  STKBBT,  CORNER  SPEAR. 
Yards: 


S.  W.  Cor.  Spear  & 

Folsoni, 

[Telephone  No.  1S64.] 


S.  W.  Cor.  Main  & 
Polsom, 

SAN  FRANCISCO. 


Dewey   EDgnTlDGr   Com- 
pftny,  No.  320  Huket  street,  Sao  Pruidsco. 


Feb.  1,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


83 


List  of  U.S.  Patents  for  Pacific  Coast 
Inventors. 

BeDorced  by  Dewey  A  Co.,  Pioneer  Patent 
Sollcltore  for  PaolOo  Statee. 

FOR  WKEK  ENDING  JAN.  31,   1890. 

419.998.  — PiLB   CovKRiNG— H.    Anderson',  S.  K. 

419  9^8  —  Gulu-Saving  Api'AKATOS— O,  H. 
Bjglry,  Knappt.  Or. 

419919.— Si'iTToos— A.  K.    Brown.  S.  F. 

419.820.  —  Harrow  and  Coltivator  —  A.  C. 
Brown.  liuK^ne  City,  Or. 

419  633.— Machine  FOR  Cleaning  Fibkr — W. 
U  Brown,  S.  F. 

419.843— I'lANO Sounding  Board— A.  J.  Dew- 
ing, S  K 

4'9  843  — FiLTP-R-J.  G.  Divoll.  0»'Und,  Cil. 

119765.— Caf.  Pillow  and  Lifk-Pkesekveh— 
F.  Frink.  Gra^s  Valley.  C«l. 

419,851.— Machine  for  Wraffing  Block 
Matchks— Geo.  Grisel.  S.  F. 

419.993.— Cable  Railway— L.  Heynemann, 
S.  F. 

419  679.— Fii-TH  Wheel— H.  P.  Kelly  S   K. 

419,630.— Transom  Lifter— James  Kelly,  Sm 
Ditgo,  Cal. 

419,681. —Transom  Luter— James  Kelly,  San 
Diego,  Cal. 

4*9.691.— Cultivator— S.  T.  Likens,  .Amity, 
Or. 

419.692.— Sash  Fastener— D,  O.  Livermore, 
Los  Gatos.  Cftl. 

419,874.— Valve  Gear  for  Fluid  Rams, 
Etc  —John  Parker,  S.  F. 

419  726.— Neutralizing  SulphoChlorinated 
Okganic  CoMi'ouNUs— a.  Sommer.  Berkeley,   Cal. 

NoTB.— Coplot)  of  U.  S.  and  Forek'Q  patuota  ruroishtid 
by  Dewey  &  Co.,  in  tlio  shortest  time  poeulblo  (bv  mall 
or  tel»!';r*p'''c  order).  American  an<f  Foreign  patents 
Dbtoiueil,  and  troneral  patent  bualueae  for  Pacifla  Coast 
inventors  tran-tacted  with  purtoct  soourity,  at  reaaonable 
rates,  and  in  the  stiortest  pos«<lble  time. 


Notices  of  Reoent  Patents. 

Among  the  patents  recently  obtaioed  through 
Dewey  &  Co. 'a  Scientific  Press  U.  S.  and 
Foreign  Patent  Agency,  the  following  are 
worthy  of  special  mention: 

Piano  SonNDi.\G*BoARD  — A,  J.  Dewing,  S. 
P.  No.  419,842.  Dated  Jan.  21,  1890.  This 
improvement  in  the  eounding-board  for  planoa 
oonaiate  in  certain  detaile  of  conatrnotion.  In 
the  aanal  conetraction  of  Boundiog-boarde  they 
are  made  of  selected  spruce  or  pine  cut  into 
narrow  atripa  having  parallel  aidee,  theae  strips 
being  glned  together  until  a  board  of  sufficient 
aize  has  been  formed,  and  the  board  ia  further 
strengthened  by  suitable  croaa-braces  secured 
apou  its  bick.  The  method  of  applying  strings 
to  the  piano  ia  such  ae  to  obtain  a  proper 
length  of  strings  for  the  various  portions  of  its 
regiftter  from  the  lowest  baas  to  the  highest 
treble,  and  the  construction  of  the  sounding- 
board  before  described  ia  auch  that  the  boarda 
become  very  short  at  either  end.  Thia  inven- 
tion is  deaigned  to  give  a  greater  length  and  a 
corresponding  improvement  to  the  tone  of  that 
portion  of  the  eounding-board  upon  which  the 
bridges  supporting  the  bass  and  longer  strings 
of  the  piano  are  6xed;  and  it  consiata  in  mak- 
ing a  central  portion  of  the  sounding-board  of 
strips  which  are  n&rrower  at  one  end  than  the 
other,  so  as  to  gradually  change  the  direction 
of  the  strips  and  bring  those  toward  the  lower 
end  of  the  sounding-board  into  such  a  position 
as  to  extend  from  side  to  side  instead  of 
diagonally. 

Gold-Saving  Apparatus, — Olin  H.  Bagley, 
Kaappa,  Oregon.  No.  419,908.  Dated  Jan. 
21,  1890.  This  ia  a  michine  principally  in- 
tended for  saving  gold  from  black  sand.  The 
ritiii  haa  a  recessed  face  formed  by  turning  the 
material  at  one  side  of  the  riffla  back  upon  it- 
self, aaid  ritll  j  having  projecting  end  flinges  or 
wings.  The  whole  table  is  suspended  at  an 
inclination  on  hangers  so  it  gets  an  end-bump 
and  side-shake.  The  gold-bearing  sand  and 
sufficient  water  are  fed  npon  the  head  of  the 
table,  and,  paeaing  first  over  a  grooved  plate, 
the  current  is  brokfln  and  sufficiently  retarded 
to  prevent  the  stuff  from  rushing  too  fast  over 
th''  first  ritHa  of  the  aeries.  Then  meeting  said 
rittU,  a  separation  of  the  gold  from  the  sand 
takes  place,  the  gold  being  caught  by  the  bev- 
eled or  recessed  face  of  the  rillla,  and  spreading 
out  to  each  end  thereof,  leaves  the  sand  and 
water  about  the  center  of  the  ritUa  over  which 
it  flowB,  and  repeats  the  action  on  the  next 
riffla.  At  the  ends  of  each  riffle  the  flingea  or 
wings  prevent  the  water  from  splashing  sand  or 
gold  over  the  ends  and  keep  the  sand  and 
water  nearer  the  center. 

Stationary  Spittoon. — Alonzo  F.  Brown 
S.  F.  No.  419.919.  Dited  Jan.  21,  189o', 
Thia  atationary  spittoon  is  apecially  useful  for 
railway  cars  or  carriages.  It  consists  of  a  con- 
caved depressed  surface  which  is  fitted  into  the 
floor  of  the  oar  or  other  place  where  it  ia  to  be 
oaed,  and  has  a  central  opening  through  which 
the  contents  may  escape,  and  in  combination 
therewith  of  a  valve  which  may  be  opened 
either  automatically  or  by  pressure  of  the  foot 
upon  the  connecting  or  operating  pin.  This 
pin  extends  np  through  the  floor,  and  by  sim- 
ply pressing  the  foot  upon  it,  the  elasticity  of 
the  apring  will  be  overcome  and  the  valve  will 
be  opened  so  as  to  allow  the  contents  of  the 
spittoon  to  be  raleaaed.  Immediately  upon  re- 
leasing the  pressure,  the  spring  closes  the  valve 
again   and   thue  keeps  oat  the  wind  and   dust. 

VAiVE'QEAR  for  FlUID-RaMS   AND   PiSTONS. 

— John  Parkin,  S,  F.,  aasienor  of  one  half  to 
Hneo  P.  Frear.  No.  419,874.  Dated  Jan.  21, 
1890.     This  invention   relates  to  that  class  of 


maohinna  to  be  operated  by  water  or  other 
flaids,  and  aaaally  known  as  fluid  rams  or  pis- 
tons, and  the  invention  consists  in  the  novel 
mechanism  for  operating  the  valve  and  con* 
trolling  the  motion  of  the  ram  or  piston.  The 
object  of  the  invention  it  to  provide  a  simple 
and  effective  meohanism  for  safely  controlling 
the  motion  of  the  ram. 

PileCovj£Kinu. — Hanry  Anderson.  S.  F..aB- 
algoor  to  R.  J.  Divis.  No.  419.90S.  Dated 
Jio.  21,  1890.  Tnis  is  an  improved  covering 
for  piles  which  are  driven  for  building  wharves 
and  other  similar  purposes.  The  pile  Is  cas^d 
in  sections  of  sheet  metal  curved  to  tit  tbe  pile 
and  having  fltoges  by  which  they  are  nnited 
together  by  bolts  when  placed  about  the  pile. 
This  patent  covers  a  method  of  breaking  jointi 
and  also  protecting  the  pile  at  tbe  place  where 
the  joints  occar. 

Machine  for  Wrapping  Block  Matches. 
Geo.  Grisel,  Gulden  Gate,  lesignor  of  two-thirde 
to  Frank  Severio  »nd  J  D.  Cue,  No.  419.851 
D^ted  J^D.  21,  1890.  This  invention  relates  to 
that  class  of  wrapping  machines  designed  for 
folding  or  wrapping  paper  about  such  things  as 
block  matches.  The  invention  consists  in  a 
series  of  traveling  ax ially* rotary  holders  for 
the  match  blocks,  whereby  said  blocks  are 
rotated  and  wrap  tbe  paper  about  them.  There 
is  also  a  paper  feed  olamp  for  holding  the  paper 
to  the  blocks,  knives  for  cutting  It  into  suitable 
lengths,  a  roller  for  pressing  the  paper  down  on 
the  blocks,  means  for  discharging  the  wrapped 
blocks  from  the  holders,  and  various  mechanical 
powers  and  movements  to  effect  the  several 
operations.  The  object  of  the  invention  is  to 
wrap  such  articles  by  machinery. 

Filter.— J.  C.  Divoll,  Oakland.  No.  419,- 
843.  Dated  Jan.  21,  1890.  This  invention 
conaiata  of  a  Battened  ditk-ahaped  filter  oham- 
ber  connected  at  the  top  with  the  faucet  or  in- 
iRt  pipe  and  having  a  discharge  pipe  below. 
Within  the  horizontal  disk  is  fixed  the  filtering 
medium.  A  faucet  plug  extends  down  through 
a  central  barrel,  and  by  means  of  passages  ar- 
ranged in  this  ping,  and  openings  in  the  sides 
of  the  barrel,  above  and  below  the  filter,  the 
water  may  be  admitted  either  above  or  below 
the  filter.  This  is  effected  by  simply  turning 
the  plug  half  around,  and  when  the  water  is 
admitted  to  one  side  of  the  filter  the  passages 
in  the  barrel  allow  it  to  enter  the  barrel  from 
the  opposite  side  of  the  filter  so  as  to  be  dis- 
charged. The  filter  is  reversed  by  turning  the 
plug  half  around  and  is  thus  easily  cleaned. 

A  New  Music-Leaf  Turner. 

A  Welcome  Invention  In  the  Musical  Line. 

Many  attempts  have  been  made  to  produce 
the  means  that  would  enable  a  performer  to 
turn  the  leaves  of  music  without  any  assistance 
from  the  hands,  but  complete  success  has  only 
been  achieved  recently. 

Mr.  Daniel  Schuyler  of  San  Diego,  Califor- 
nia, who  is  a  musical  enthusiast,  has  given 
considerable  time  for  22  years  in  solving  this 
problem,  which  has  so  long  agitated  the  minds 
of  musicians,  and  the  result  is  a  completed  ma- 
chine that  seema  absolutely  perfect  for  thia  pur- 
pose. It  ia  adapted  for  use  with  any  musical 
instrument  and  all  dizss  of  sheet  music  and 
music-books.  It  is  pleasant  to  note  that  so  in- 
genious a  device  has  been  perfected  by  a  Cali- 
fornia muaician  and  inventor. 

When  the  mnsio  is  placed  upon  this  appa- 
ratus, the  leaves  are  clasped  by  artificial  fingers, 
and  the  performer  can  then,  by  a  slight  move- 
ment of  either  foot,  turn  the  leaves  to  the 
right  or  left,  back  and  forth,  quickly  or  slow- 
ly, any  required  number  of  times,  and  with 
more  certainty  and  precision  than  if  done  by 
the  human  hand,  thus  relieving  him  from  one 
of  the  greatest  annoyances  while  rendering 
rapid  and  difficult  music. 

The  leading  artists  of  San  Francisco,  as  well 
as  the  dealera  in  musical  merchandise,  have 
carefully  examined  this  device  of  Mr.  Schuy- 
ler's, and,  without  a  single  exception,  have  in- 
dorsed it  in  written  testimonials,  two  of  which 
we  give  below — one  from  an  artist  who  has  but 
few  equals  in  this  world,  and  the  other  from  a 
well-known  oommercial  houae. 

San  Francisco,  Jan.  24,  1890, 

Air,  Z>.  Schuyler— T>E.Aii.  Sik:  Permit  me  to  ex- 
press to  you  ray  great  appreciation  and  delight  on 
examining  your  "  music  turner.'"  I  heartily  indorse 
it,  and  feel  it  will  be  a  great  boon  to  all  musicians 
and  lovers  of  music.  The  turning  of  the  leaves 
back  and  forth  has  excited  my  greatest  wonder,  and 
I  hope  you  will  meet  with  abundant  success.  Very 
respectfully,  S.  Monroe  Fabian, 

Professor  of  Music. 

History  B'ld'ng,  San  FRANCisco.Jan.  25/90. 

Mr.  D.  Schuyler: — Having  personally  seen  and 
examined  your  instrument  (or  turning  the  leaves  of 
music,  which  you  term  the  '.*  D.  bchuyler  music 
turner,''  we  wish  to  express  our  unqualified  appre- 
ciation of  it,  and  confidently  predict  that  as  soon  as 
you  have  the  apparatus  ready  to  place  on  the  mar- 
ket, either  as  a  permanent  attachment  to  a  piano 
or  separate,  it  will  have  a  large  sale.  We  hope  that 
you  will  keep  us  thoroughly  posted,  and  send  us  a 
sample  with  prices  as  soon  as  you  have  them  ready 
to  supply,  as  we  are  confident  that  we  can  dispose 
of  a  great  many  in  connection  with  our  piano  and 
organ  department.  Wishing  you  every  success,  we 
are  very  truly  yours,  The  Bancroft  Comp'y, 
By  W.  B.  Bancroft,  Sec'y  and  Man'r. 

We  are  informed  that  this  long-waited-for 
"  musicians'  friend"  will  soon  he  placed  with- 
in reach  of  those  desiring  to  keep  pace  with 
this  progressive  age. 

The  patent  basineas  in  connection  with  this 
invention  was  tranaaoted  by  the  firm  of 
Dawey  &  Oo, 


W^'-U^P^ 


ISOOi^ 

"-yifc. 


SANii;^4Npisx:o\!Emt,: 


RUBBER  FACTORY. 

Monarch   Belting. 


The  PUes  ol  this  Bolt  are 

UNITED  by  COTTON  RIVETS 

Which  hold  them  Annty  together. 

Each  Eivet  is  Independent 

And  Follows  tbe  Stretoh. 

THERE  ARE   NO   STITCHES 

TO  BREAK,  and 

The    Belt    has    a    Smooth 

Surface. 


Hose,  Belting,  Packing,  Etc. 

ALL  KINDS  OF  RUBBER  GOODS  MADE  TO  ORDER  IN  A  FEW  HOURS. 

W,  F.  BOWERS  &  CO..  409  Market  St..  San  Francisco. 


LIDGERWOOD  M'F'Q  CO. 

MANUPACTDRERS     OP 

HOISTING  ENGINES. 

300  Styles  and  Sizes.    5000  in  Use. 


^^U 


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York, 


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\  St.,  Chicago. 


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BostOQ, 


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.i'  Agents,  j 

San  FranciBCO,  Cal.       '^  . 
Send  for  Catalogae. 


H.  D.  MORRIS, 
220  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco, 

MANUFACTnRERS'  M  PURCHASffle  AGENT. 

Special  attentlr*^  given  to  purchase  of 

MINE  and  MILL  SUPPLIES. 


ADAMANTINE  SHOES  AND  DIES.— Guar- 
ftoteed  to  prove  hotter  and  cheaper  than  any  other?. 
Orders  solicited,  subject  to  above  conditions. 

IT.  T>.  MOTIRTS. 


SOLK   AOENT  FOR 


IROSBER  PLATES, 

— AND— 

Chrome    Cast    Steel  for 
Kook  Drills,  Efco, 


ilMlliiilS 


4  ■»«  fH  A  NTVItrR. 


Importers  and  Dealers  in 

IRON,  STEEL,  HEAVY  HARDWARE.  CUMBERLAND  COAL,  PERKINS  AND  BURDENS 

Horse  and  Mule  Shoes,  Putnam,  Globe  and  Northwestern  Horseshoe  Nails,  HARDWOOD  LUMBER  AND  WAGON 
MATERIALS,  Blacksmith  and  Carriage  Makers'  Supplies. 

SOliB    AGENTS    FOB    THE    WELLS    RUSTLESS    PIPE    AND    FITTINGS, 
Specially  manufactured  for  use  in  Artesian  Wells,  and  for  conveying  water  charged  with  Ssl.s  and    Minerals,  Acids, 
Gases  or  other  Bubafcances  of  a  corrosive  nature.     In  building  it  takes  the  place  of  either  black  or  galvanized  piping 
or  gas,  water-waste,  etc.    Catalogues  and  testimonials,  from  large  users  in  the  United  States,  sent  on   application. 

413.415  MARKET  STREET,  SAH  FKaNCISCO. 


Practical  Treatise  on   Hydraulic  Mining. 

By  AUG.  J.  BOWIE,  Ja. 

This  new  and  important  book  is  on  the  use  anr*  con- 
struction of  Ditches,  Flumes,  Dams,  Pipes,  Flow  of  Water 
on  Heavy  Grades,  methods  of  mining  shallow  and  deep 
placers,  history  and  development  of  mines,  records  oi 
gold  washing,  mechanical  appliances,  such  as  nozzles, 
hurdy-gurdye,  rockers,  undercurrents,  etc. ;  also  describes 
methods  of  blasting;  tunnels  and  sluices;  tailinRB  and 
dump;  duty  of  miners'  inch,  etc.  A  very  practical  work 
for  gold  miners  and  users  of  water.  Price,  36,  post-paid 
For  sale  by  Dbwby  &  Co.,  Publiabers,  290  Market  St.,  San 
Francisco. 


Engraving. 


Superior  Wood  and  Metal  Engrav 
leg,  ElectrotypluE  and  Stereotyping 
(lone  at  tbe  offiae  of  this  paper 


Smelter  For  Sale  or  Exchange. 


One  60-ton,  wroughb  iron,  water-jacket  Smelting  Fur- 
nace (36"x60"  at  the~  tuyeres)  of  the  latest  design,  wi  h 
Crusher,  Bluwer,  Boiler,  Ptiraps,  Engines,  Tools,  and 
everything  complete  for  immediate  delivery,  and  only 
uBed  about  six  mouths.  Cheap  for  cash,  or  will  exchan^ti 
for  interest  in  a  Lead-Silver  Mine,  or  erect  in  any  mining 
camp  that  will  guarantee  a  certain  output.  For  further 
particulars  address  Box  28,  Elkhoro,  Montana. 


SITUATION  WANTED.— Thoroughly  competent  Mill- 
mao  and  As'^ayer  of  '10  years'  experience,  desires  a 
situatioD  in  Mill  or  to  take  charge  of  Mill  and  Mine. 
Understands  onncentrators  of  all  class  ores.  Best  ref^ 
etence,    AddiesB,    "J.  A.,"  Box  2517,  San  FranolBCO,  Cal, 


84 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Feb.  1,  1890 


WM.  H.  TAYLOR,  President. 


R.  S.  MOORE,  Superintendent. 


Risdon  Iron  and  Locomotive  Works, 

S.  E.  CORNER  HOWARD  AND  BEALE  STS..  SAN  FRANCISCO. 


MANUPACTDRBES    OF    ALL    KINDS    OP 


Mining   and    Milling  Machinery,  Engines   and    Boilers, 

SHEET-IRON  WATER  PIPE  for  Mining  and  Irrigation  Purposes, 


Exclusive  Agents  for  the  Pacific  Coast  of  HEINE  PATENT  SAFETY  BOILER  and  MACBETH  STEEL  PULLEY. 

AGENTS    FOB    THE    PACIFIC    COAaT    OP 

BRYA.]Sr'S    ROLLER   QUARTZ   IVtILL. 

NEW    COMMON    SENSE    STEEL    WHIM. 

All  Complete  for  SI 50. 

No  cog-wheels  or  clntches  to  break.  Ninety  per  cent  of  this  Whim  is  wrought  iron  and  steel,  and  will  spring  or  bend  before  breaking,  and  besides 
can  be  repaired  at  any  blacksmith  shop,  should  breakage  occur,  thus  obviating  the  necessity  of  sending  away  hundreds  of  miles  sometimes,  and  waiting 
a  week  for  repairs.     The  Brake  sets  itself  when  the  horse  stops  or  anything  gives  way. 

It  can  be  packed  anywhere  a  jack  can  go,  the  heaviest  piece  weighing  bnt  100  ponnda;  total 
weight,  650  pounds.  The  sweep  can  be  thrown  out  or  in  gear  at  any  time,  and  the  bucket  hoisted, 
dnmped  or  lowered  while  the  horse  is  in  motion.  It  is  juat  as  safe  and  reliable  as  an  engine,  and 
can  be  handled  as  readily,  and  is  just  the  thing  to  open  up  a  mine  and  make  it  pay.  Spending 
thousands  of  dollars  in  fine  machinery  and  shaft  houses  has   "busted"  many   a  company.    Buy  a 

>j^iji ■---      z-vi^^^^^^^^  ■^^-       COMMON  SENSE  WHIM,  and  when  you  have  got  more  ore  than  our  Whim  will  hoist,  then  it  ia 

''^^^^ -^     r ;  ■ '    •'  "   -^-^s=.-.- — -i — c==£^B*^--:w^^2=       time  to  buy  an  engine,  not  before.     It  will  save  you  thousands  of  dollars  if  your   mine   should  not 

pay.  Being  all  iron  except  the  sweep,  it  will  not  rot,  warp,  twist,  or  get  out  of  true.  Being 
wrought  iron,  it  will  not  break  in  transportation.  We  also  make  Two,  Four  and  Eight  Horse 
Power  Whims,  Derrick  Whims,  and  Building  Hoists,  Ore  Buckets,  and  everything  pertaining  to 
Horse  Power  Hoisting.     State  for  what  purpose,  and  at  what  place  you  want  to  use  it. 

t^  Come  and  see  one  at  our  works  in  operation,  or  send  for  oircnlar. 


?J&^'^  rl^^J 'W  .^ 


j^,     HXJ  nxTTi  3xrc3r^r  o  3xr, 


MANUFACTURES    OF ■ 


CENTRIFUGAL  ROLLER  QUARTZ  MILLS, 

Concentrators  and  Ore  Crushers, 
F  Mining  Machinery  of  Every  Description.        Steam  Engines  and  Shingle  Machines. 


SEND    FOB    CIRCULAR. 


Centrifugal  Boiler  Quartz  Mill.  2X3      !E"IHSJT      <u..|i  M-^  g.8  !«■.¥. 


&t.A.]>3'    :E*fi..A.iNroxsc:o.    C3.a.Ij. 


Vulcan  Iron  "Works, 

135-145  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

i  stamp    Bitteries,    Pans    and    Settlers, 
"Dodge,"  and  Improved  Blake,  Rock-Breakers, 
"Dodge"  Pulverizers,  Slime  Machines,  etc. 

AERIAL  WIRE  ROPEWAYS. 

(VULOAN    PATENT    SYSTEM.) 

The  cheapest  and   most  reliable  form  of  Traneportatioa  of  O.-e,  Coal,  etc.     Saves  fonrififths 
of  the  cost  by  any  other  method. 


SAW-MILL  ) 

REFRIGERATING  }  MACHINERY. 
CABLE-ROAD       ) 


{CORLISS 
Meyer  Cut-off, 
Slide  Valve. 


SHAlfTING, 

rULLEYS, 

BOXES, 

HANO£BS,  etc. 


SPECIAL  MACHINERY  TO  ORDER. 


REPAIR  WORK  SOLICITED. 


PERFECT  PULLEYS 

First  Premium  Awarded  at  Mechanics'   Pair,    1884 

Sole  Licensed  Manufacturers  of  the 

MEDAET    PATENT    WROUGHT    EIM    PUIIEY 

For  the  States  of  Cahtoruia,  Oregon  and  Nevada,  and  the  Territories  of  Idaho,  Washlnrton 

Montana,  Wj-oniing,  Utah  and  Arizona,     Lightest,  Strongest,  Cheapest  and 

Beat  Balanced  Pulley  in  the  World,     Also  Manufacturers  of 

SHAFTING,    HANGERS    AND    APPURTENANCES. 

tS"  SbM)  MR  ClUODLARfl  AKB  PrKIB  LIBI,-E» 

Noa  128  and  181  FEBMONT  STBBET  BAN    PBANOISOO,  OAL. 


X880.  1888. 

CATALOGUE    OF    200    PAGES. 


The  matter  Is  readilv 
avai  lable . — Tradesma  n. 

A  Complete  Work. — 
Colltery  Engineer.    * 

Handy  for  referftnce.— 
Min.  and  Sci.  Press. 

Should  be  in  the  hands 
of  every  Engineer  and 
Contra^t"r.—  Eng.  and- 
Mill.  Journal. 

A  valuable  addition  to 
the  literature  on  the 
ttibject. — E7ig.a7id  B'l'g 
Record. 


A  TBE&TISE  AND  HANDBOOK  ON 

ROCK  DRILLING 


-.A.3Xri3- 


AIR  COMPRESSING 

Mailed  Free. 


In  reality  a  hand- 
hook. — Am.  Man'facVr. 

Supplien  a  lon^  felt 
^Bsxt.— Man' frs'  Record, 

This  Catalogue  is  one 
of  unusual  interest  and 
value.— il.  R,  Gazette. 

This  ia  a  thoroughly 
good  publication. — En- 
gineering News. 

The  useful  information 
will  he  found  specially 
valuable.  —  Eng.  and 
B'l'g  Record. 


nFtA-3NriD      33 


o 


23  Park  Place.  New  York. 


ESTABLISHED    1866. 


Pacific  Chemical  Works 

HENRY    G.    HANKS, 

Practical  and-  Indnstrial  Chemist,  Assayer 
and  Geologist, 

718  MONTGOMERY  ST^^ -        SAN  FRANCISCO. 

l^Will  report  on  the  condition  and  value  of  any  mining  property  on 
the  Pacific  Coast.  Rare  Chemicals  made  to  order.  Instructions  given  in 
AsBa3nDg  and  Practical  Chemistry 


PAT,  OCT.  26, 1881. 


BUTTE,    MONTANA, 

The  railroad,  mining  and  comraprcial  center  of  the  new 
State,  offers  some  of  the  best  inducements  for  invest- 
ments in 

Real  Estate,  Mines  &  Mining  Stock 

of  any  loealitv  in  the  Nortowest.  For  particulars  address 
The  Bvan's-Terry-aiauBsen  Brokerase  Oo,, 
41  E,  Broadway,  Buite,  Montaoa, 


TUBBS  CORDAGE  CO. 

(A  Corporation.) 

Constantly  on  hand  a  full  assortment  of  Manila  Rope 
Duplex  Rope,  Tarred  Manila  Rope,  Hay  Kope,  Whale  Line 
eta ,  etc. 

£xtra  sizes  and  lengths  made  to  order  on  short  notice. 

611  &  613  Front  St.,  San  Francisco,  Gal 


Fm   1,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


8^ 


AMALCftMATINC  MACHINERY. 

stamp  Mills  (or  Wot  or  Dry  Crushing. 
Huntington  Centrilugal  Quartz  Mill.  Drying 
Cylinders.  Amalgamating  Pans,  Settlers, 
Agitators  and  Concentrators.  Retorts,  Bul- 
lion and  ingot  Moulds,  Conveyors,  Elevators, 
Bruckners  and  Howell's  improved  Wlilte's 
Roasting  furnaces.  Etc, 


FRASER  &  CHALMERS, 

MINING  MACHINERY 


CONCENTRATING  MACHINERY. 


IMPROVED  CORLISS  va^'v^eIVI!,*.  ENGINES.     •«&     BOILERS 


Blake,  Dodgoand  Comet  Crushers,  Cornish 
Crushing  and  Finishing  Roils.  Hariz  Plunger 
and  Collom  Jigs.  Frue  Vanncr  &  Embrey 
Concentrators,  Evans',  Calumet,  Collom's 
and  Rlttengor's  Slime  Tables.  Trommels, 
Wire  Cloth  and  Punched  Plates.  OreSam- 
pie    Grinders  and  Heberle  (Mills. 


HORIZONTAL.    VERTICAL 
.  .  .  AND  SECTIONAI . 


:XIVCPJFIlOV"1SO     SXESJklVC     STJiklMEl^S 


Hoisting  Engines, 
Safety  Cages, 

Safety  Hooks, 

Ore  CARS,  Water  &  Ore 
BUCKETS, 

Air  Compressors, 

Rock  Drills,  Etc. 

GENERAL  MILL  AND 
MINING  SUPPLIES,  ETC, 
Sectional  Machinery 

FOR 

VULE-BACK 

TRANSPORTATION. 


Pumping  Engines 

and  Cornish 

Pumping  Machinery, 

IMPROVED 
WATER    JACKET 

Blast  Furnaces  for 
Calena&CopperOres, 

SLAG  CARS  AND  POTS, 

Roots  &  Baker 
Pressure  Blowers, 

SUSPENDED 

TRAMWAYS. 


General  Offices  and  Works:     FULTON  AND   UNION   STS.,  CHICAGO,   ILL. 


BRANCH  OFFICES: 


NEW  YORK,  Room  43,  No.  2  Wall  St.        DENVER,  COLO.,  1316  Eighteenth  St.       SALT  LAKE   CITY,  UTAH, 
7  W.  Second  South   St.       LONDON,  ENC,  23   Bueklersbury,  E.   C.       CHIHUAHUA   CITY,    MEXICO,  No.  I  I 
Oalie  de  Juarez.        LIMA,  PERU,  South  America.        JOHANNESBURG,  TRANSVAAL,  South  Africa,. 

SOLW    WESTERN    AGENTS    FOR    TYLER    WIRE    WORKS    DOUBLE    ORIUPWD    MINING    OLOTTS. 


THE     PELTON     WATER     WHEEL 

GIVES    THE    HIGHEST    EFFICIENCY    OF    ANY    WHEEL    IN     THE    WORLD. 


# 


OVER  800  ALREADY  IN  USE. 

Affords  the  Most  Simple  and  Reliable  Power  for  all 
Mining   and   Manufaoturing   Maohinery. 

Adapted  to  h^ada  raoning  from  20  up  to  2,000  feet. 

From  12  to  20  per  cent  better  results  guaranteed  than 
can  be  produced  from  any  other  Wheel  in  the  Country. 

ELECTRIC  TRANSMISSION. 

Power  rom  these  Wheels  can  be  transmitted  long 
distances  with  small  loss,  and  is  now  extensively  need  in 
all  parts  of  the  country  for  generating  both  power  and 
light. 

APPLICATIONS 

Should  state  amount,  and  head  of  water,  power  required, 
and  for  what  purpose  ;  with  approximate  length  of  pipe  ; 
also,  whether  the  application  is  with  reference  to  Wheels 
or  Motors  described  below.     SEND  FOR  CIRCULARS. 

The  Pelton  Water  Wheel  Co. 

121  MAIIT  ST.,  SAW  FKANCISCO,  CAL. 


Varying  from  the  fraction  of  1  up  to  15  and  20-hor8e  power,     Unequaled   for   all   light-running   machinery.     Warranted  to  develop  a  given 
amount  of  power  with  one-half  the  water  required  by  any  other.     SST  SEND  FOR  MOTOR  CIRCULAR,     ADDRESS  AS  ABOVE  "^ 


JAMBS    LBFFBL'S 

Mining  Turbine  Water  Wheel. 

These  Wheola  »re  deaigned  for  all  purposes  where  limited  quantities  of  water  and 
hitch  heads  are  utilized,  and  are  guaranteed  to  give  more  power  with  lees  water  than 
any  other  wheel  made.  Bein^  placed  on  horizontal  shaft,  the  power  is  transmitted 
direct  to  shafting  by  belts,  dispeueing  with  gearing. 

Estimates  furnished  on  application  for  wheels  specially  built  and  adapted  in 
capacity  to  suit  any  particular  case. 

Further  information  can  be  obtained  of  this  form  of  construction,  as  well  as  the 
ordinary  Vertical  Turbines  for  Wooden  Penstocks  and  in  Iron  Olobe  Cases,  free  of  cost, 
by  applying  to  the  manufacturers. 


JAMES    LEFPEL    &    OO., 


y^  Springfield,  Ohio, 


or  110  liberty  St.,  New  York. 


FBASER    Ss   OHALMERS,  General  Agents, 

Ohlcaeo,  111.,  and  Denver,  CoL 

PAREB    A   LAOY,  General  Agents.  San  Pranclsco,  Cal. 


CALIFORNIA   IRON  YARD. 

HENRY  J.  ROGERS  &  CO. 

Successors  to  CHA3.  CALLAHAN 
IHFORTBRB  AND  DEALBBB  IN 

CAST  and  WROUGHT  IRON  SCRAP 

SECOND-HAND     BOIJLERS 

AND  OI.D  MACHINERY 

I  Of  every  desorlptiou. 

•   Tie  Hlglest  Price  pail  lor  all  EMs  ol  Metals. 

Offiob  and  Yard:     128  and  130  Folsom  St.,  S.  F 
Telephone  No.  67, 


FOR  SALE 

Hydraulic  Mining  Property  in  Souihem  Oregon.   Good, 
Extensive.     For  particulars  (Principals  only)  address, 

'*A.  M.,"   Box  77, 

Qrants  Pass,  Oregon. 


THOMAS  PRICE  &  SON, 

Assay  OflQce,  Chemical  Laboratory, 

BULLION  ROOMS  and  ORE  FLOORS, 

524  Sacramento  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

COIN  RETURNS  ON  ALL  BULLION  DEPOSITS  IN  24  HOURS. 

WORKING    TESTS    OF    ORES    BY    ALL    PROCESSES. 

SPECIAL  ATTENTION  PAID  TO  CONCENTRATION  OF  ORES. 
Ores  Received  on  Oonsignment,  Sampled,  Assayed,  and  Disposed 
of  in  the  Open  Market  to  the  Highest  Bidder. 


(Aetallljrgy  apd  Ore3. 


SELBY 

SMELTING  and  LEAD  CO.. 

416  Montgomery  St.,  San  Francisco. 

GOLD    AND    SILVER    REFINERY 
And  Assay  Office. 

EUghest  Prices  Paid  for  Qold,  Silver  and 
Lead  Ores  and  Solphurets, 

MANOPAOniRWia  OP 

BLUESTONE, 

LEAD  PIPE, 

SHEET  LEAD, 

SHOT,  Etc.,  Etc. 

ALHO   MANUPAOTURKtU    OP 

Standard    Sliot-Gun    Cartridges, 

Under  Chamborlin  Patent. 


JOHN  TAYLOR  &  CO.. 

IHPORTRHS  AND   DHALBR8  IN 

ASSAYERS'    MATERIALS,     MINE 
AND  MILL  SUPPLIES, 

ALSO  CHEMICALS.    AND    PHYSICAL,  SCHOOL    AND 

CHEMICAL  APPARATUS. 
6f<  &  65  First  St.,  cor.  II[ijiiilon,San  FrauolBOO. 

.Tv--^      Wo  would  call  the  attention  of       -: ^ 

Assaycrs,  Chemists,  Mining  Com-  CCLWj^C^gt-^^ 
panics,  Milling  Companies,  Pros-  VbwteRSE^ 
pectors,  etc.,  to  our  (ull  stock  o(  V  -- — -tJ'^ 
Balances,  EHirnacee,  Muffles,  Crucibles,  Boori- 
flers,  etc.,  including,  also,  a  full  stook  of 
Chemicals. 

Having:  been  engaged  In  furnishing  these  sup- 
plies  Blna<  the  first  discovery  of  mines  on  tlie 
PaciSo  Coast,  we  feel  confident  from  our  experi- 
ence we  can  well  suit  the  demand  for  these 
i-j,  goods,  both  as  to  quality  and  price. 
JsL  Agents  for  the  Morgan  Crucible  Co., 
^=^^  Battersca,  England.  Also  for  K.  G.  I>ennl8- 
ton's  Silver  Plated  Amalgam  Plates.  The  plates 
of  this  well-known  manufacturer  are  thoroughly  relia- 
ble, and  full  weight  of  Silver  guaranteed-  Ordoia  taken 
at  his  lowest  prices.  Our  Illustrated  Catalogue  and  As- 
say Tables  sent  free  on  applicatioo. 

JOHN  TAYLOR  A  OO. 


Nevada  Metallurgical  Works, 

NO.  23  STEVENSON  STREET, 

Near  First  and  Market  Streets.  S.  F. 

C.  A.  Ldokhardt,  Manager.  E^tabushbd  ISM 

Ores  worked  by  any  ProoeBB, 
Ores  Sampled, 

Assaying  in  all  its  Branches. 
Analyses  of  Ores,  Minerals,  Waters,  eto, 
Working  Tests  (practical)  Made. 
Plans   and   Specifications   furnished   for   tbe 
most  suitable  Process  for  Working  Ores. 

Special  attention  paid   to  ExaminationB  of 
Mines;  Plans  and  Reports  furnished. 

O.  A.  LUOKHABDT  &  GQ^ 
(Formerly  Huhn  ti  Luckhardt, 
Mlnlnff  Enorlneers  and  Metallurfrlsts 


J.  KUSTBL. 


• 


METALLURGICAL     WORKS. 

818  Pine  St.  (Basement,, 


Corner  of  Leidesdorfl  Street, 


SAN  FRANCISCO 


Ores  Sampled  and  Assayed,  and  Tests  made  by  my 
Process, 
Assaying  and  Analysis  of  Ores,  Minerals  and  Waters. 
Mines  Examined  and  Reported  on. 
Practical  Ijastruction  given  in  Treating  Ores  by  im* 
proved  processes. 

a  KUSTBL  &  CO., 
Mining  Engineers  and  Metallnrglsts. 


GREAT    REDUCTION! 

BATTERY~~SCREENS. 

Best  and  Cheapest  In  America. 

No  imitation,  no  deception,  no  planished  or  rotten 
iron  used.  Only  genuine  Russia  iron  In  Quartz  Screens. 
Planished  iron  screens  at  nearly  half  my  former  rates. 

T  have  a  large  supply  of  Battery  Screens  on  hand 
suitable  for  the  Huntiugtoo  and  all  Stamp  Mills,  whicli  I 
will  sell  at  20  per  oeiit  'iiseount. 

PERFORATED  SHEET  METAL 

For  Flour  and  Rice  Mills,  Grain  Separators,  Revolving 
and  Shot  Screens,  Stamp  Batteries  and  all  kinds  of  Min 
Ing  and  Milling  Machinery,  Iron,  Steel,  Copper,  Brass. 
Zinc  and  other  metals  punched  for  all  uses. 

Inventor  and  Manufacturer  of  the  celebrated  Slob  Cut 
or  burred  and  Slot  Punched  Screens. 

Mining  Screens  a  specialty,  from  No.  1  to  15  (fine). 
Orders  promptly  attended  to. 

San  Francisco  Pioneer  Screen  Works, 

SI  &  223  First  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

JOHN  TT.  QUICK,  Proprietor. 


Tbla  paper  l3  printed  with  Ink  Manufac- 
tured by  Charles  Eneu  Johnson  &  Co.,  600 
South  10th  St.,  Philadelphia.  Branch  Offl- 
oea— 47  Bose  St.,  New  York,  and  40  La  Salle 
St..  Ohloaso.  Asent  for  the  Faclfto  Ooast^ 
jQMPh  Hi  I>orety.  090  Oommerolal  St,,  S  F 


30 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press, 


[Feb.  1,  1890- 


II]aF(KET   l^EPOf^TS. 


Local  Markets. 

San  Framcisco,  Jan.  30,  1890. 
The  weatber  and  general  transportation  business 
have  gone  /rom  bad  to  worse,  with  the  end  appar- 
ently not  yet.  Trade  is  in  about  as  badly  a  demoral- 
ized condition  as  it  can  possibly  be,  notwithstanding 
which  all  business  men  are  buoyed  up  with  ihe  ira- 
prpssion  grounded  on  past  experience,  that  the  future 
holds  in  store  more  general  prosperity  than  has  been 
witnessed  for  several  years  past.  Confirmed  advices 
are  at  hand  going  to  show  that  previous  to  the  rains 
a  large  majority  of  the  farmers  and  others  who  over- 
bought during  the  land-boom  of  two  or  three  years 
a^o.  hive  either  about  worked  out  of  debt  or  had 
arranged  their  indebtedness  in  such  away  a?  to  meet 
it  without  any  great  inconvenience.  The  call  for 
men  to  work  on  the  difFrreni  railroads  has  given  em- 
ployment to  a  large  force  of  idle  hands.  Previous 
to  this  there  was  great  suffering  among  many  day 
laborers.  Even  now  there  are  large  numbers  out  of 
employment,  only  finding  work  during  fair  weather. 

Money  is  not,  as  a  rule,  close.  The  disbursements 
since  the  beginning  of  the  year  have  been  quite 
heavy.  Remittances  from  the  country  are  light,  ow- 
ing to  bid  roads,  A  steamer  from  Portland,  Ore- 
gon, brought  in  the  pist  week  over  $235,000.  Other 
coast  steamers  brought  in  sums  ranging  from  $500 
up  to  Jsooo  and  over, 

MEXICAN  DOLLARS— There  was  fair  trading 
during  the  week,  chiefly  by  Chinamen.  The  price 
ranged  from  j6@76^A  cents. 

SILVER— The  English  market  advanced  up  to 
Monday,  when  bullion  was  quoted  at  ^^Jid;  on 
Tuesday  it  fell  off  two  points,  being  quoted  at445id, 
and  yesterday  four  points,  closing  at  4^%d.  The 
sensitiveness  of  silver  confirms  its  friends  in  their 
previously  expressed  opinion  that  the  metal  is  not 
only  scarce,  but  also  that  the  production  is  not  equal 
to  the  world's  requirement.  This  is  quite  marked 
when  India  or  any  other  large  buyer  enters  the 
market,  by  the  rapidity  with  which  the  price  ad- 
vances, and  after  each  upward  move  it  does  not  fall 
to  as  low  a  figure  as  it  started  from.  It  now  looks 
as  if  silver  will  offer  for  some  time,  or  until  the 
United  States  comes  to  its  rescue,  a  fine  opportunity 
for  speculation.  Mail  advices  from  Washington  re- 
port the  Silver  Committee  appointed  by  the  St.  Louis 
Convention  actively  at  work  trying  to  secure  free 
coinage,  and  to  that  end  they  are  in  consultation 
with  representative  bimetalUsts  in  all  parts  of  the 
Union. 

In  our  market,  silver  buUion  gradually  advanced, 
until  on  Tuesday  as  high  as  98  cents  was  paid  by  the 
Mint,  although  the  largest  proportion  of  its  pur- 
chases on  that  day  was  made  at  gy^  cents.  At  the 
latter  price  the  market  was  cleaned  up  of  all  small 
parcels.  Large  holders  of  silver  are  not  in  the  mar- 
ket as  sellers  except  at  higher  prices.  On  Tues- 
day, with  silver  at  44^^  in  London,  and  at  that 
day's  quotations  for  sterling  exchange,  the  parity  of 
silver  in  our  market  was  about  985^  cents.  Export- 
ers fclid  an  advance  the  past  week  for  silver,  going  as 
high  as  97K  cents  last  Monday. 

London  cablegrams  came  through  to-day  quoting 
silver  at  44Hd.  At  to-day's  rates  for  sterling  ex- 
change, the  parity  would  be  in  our  market  about 
98^  cents.  There  i?  no  silver  offering  here,  but  as 
this  is  "Department  Day''  in  Washington  city,  that 
which  has  been  offered  there  was  not  known  up  to 
this  writing;  however,  as  the  Mint  had  cleared  up 
our  market  of  all  available  parcels,  it  is  not  at  all 
likely  that  any  was  offered  for  sale  to  the  Depart- 
ment. 

QUICKSILVER— Receipt?  the  past  week  aggre- 
gated 150  flasks,  and  exports  by  sea  40  flasks  to 
Mexico  and  24  flasks  to  Mazatlan.  Bad  and  almost 
impassable  roads  have  largely  reduced  receipts,  caus- 
ing quite  an  advance  in  the  market.  Siles  were 
made  the  past  week  up  to  $50,  at  which  price  the 
market  closed. 

BORAX— Receipts  the  past  week  aggregate  500 
centals.  The  market  continues  strong  at  full  figures. 
There  was  exported  100  lbs  the  past  week,  to  Mex- 
ico. 

LIME — Receipts  the  past  week  aggregate  477  bbls. 
and  exports  by  sea,  200  bbls  to  Honolulu.  Ttie  de- 
mand is  still  slow,  owing  to  unfavorable  weather. 

LEAD— Imports  the  past  week  aggregate  489 
pigs  from  London.  The  market  is  essentially  un- 
changed. The  output  of  the  mines,  owing  to  bad 
weather,  is  considerably  curtailed. 

COPPER— The  market  has  held  fairly  strong 
throughout  the  week.  The  absence  of  late  tele- 
graphic market  reports  (not  quotations)  of  the  East- 
ern and  European  markets,  leave  us  in  the  dark  as 
to  late  influenc'S  on  the  market.  The  following 
late  mail  advices  we  obtain  from  the  Paris  corre- 
spondence of  the  London  Mining  Jojirnal,  under 
date  at  Paris  of  Jan.  9: 

"  It  is  generally  believed  in  France  that  the  copper 
possessed  by  the  Comptoir  d'Escorapte  can  be  grad- 
ually disposed  of  ai  considerably  above  ,^40  per  ton. 
The  shareholders'  action  in  indorsing  the  policy  of 
the  liquidators  has  had  the  effect  of  further  strength- 
ening the  market  for  copper  mining  shares,  and 
these  are  rising  in  prices.  Rio  Tinto  shares  have 
advanced  10  francs  during  the  past  few  days.  Fi- 
nancial authorities  in  Paris  speak,  as  a  rule,  pretty 
hopefully  upon  the  future  of  the  copper  market. 
They  regard  it  as  probable  that  it  will  continue  to 
maintain  the  firmness  which  it  has  lately  developed, 
and  that  prices  will  be  subjact  to  a  movement  of 
steadyadvancement  under  the  legitimate  influence 
of  decreasing  stocks  and  expanding  consumption, 
The  action  of  the  shareholders  ot  the  Comptoir 
d'Escompte  is  taken  as  conclusive  proof  that  no 
attempt  even  will  be  made  to  reconstitute  the 
former  monopoly.  It  is  urged  that  the  present 
conditions  of  the  copper  market  afford  every  reason 
for  the  belief  that  it  will  be  able  to  absorb  in  time 
the  stocks  that  have  been  left  as  the  outcome  of  the 
unfortunate  svndicate  incident.  The  great  extent 
to  which  copper  is  being  used  in  new  engineering 
and  electric-lighting  schemes  is  another  important 
point  in  favor  of  a  hopeful  view  of  its  future.  The 
only  clanger  which  is  regarded  as  really  likely  to 
interrupt  the  prosperous  d-:velopment  of  the  copper 
mirket  is  that  of  overproduction." 

TIN— Imports  the  past  week  aggregate  38,499 
boxes  of  plate.  The  market  for  spot  plate  is  heavy 
and  dull  under  liberal  offerings  by  weak  holders. 
The  last  reported  sale  was  $4.60  to  a  leading  can 
manufacturer,    For  shipment,  no  business   can  be 


done  at  asking  prices.     For  pig  tin  the  market  is 
slow  and  easy. 

IRON— Imports  the  past  week  aggregate  120 
tons  of  pig  iron  from  Irondale.  The  market  is 
slow  but  very  strong.  Holders  are  not  willing  to 
make  concessions,  believing  that  with  renewed  bus- 
iness they  may  be  able  to  obtain  an  advance.  The 
destruction  of  bridges,  etc.,  by  high  water,  it 
claimed,  will  create  a  more  active  demand  for  pig  to 
be  used  in  the  building  of  new  bridges. 

COAL^— Imports  the  past  week  aggregate  as  fol- 
lows: From  Baltimore,  1812  tons;  Coos  Biy,  1200; 
Port  Townsend.  1149;  Seattle,  2500;  Departure 
Bay,  2350;  Sydney,  850;  total.  885i  ions.  The  mar- 
ket continues  strong  at  unchanged  quotations  for 
prompt  shipment  ot  Australia.  The  spot  market 
and  near-by  arrivals  of  Australian  are  steadier.  In 
coist  coals  there  is  nothing  new  to  report.  The  de- 
maud  (or  coals  is  only  fair,  but  a  decided  increase 
in  the  consumption  of  steam  coals  is  looked  for  with 
more  settled  weather. 


MINING    SHAREHOLDERS'     DIRECTORY. 


Compiled  every  Tiiursdat  teom  Advertisbmbnts  in  tub  Mining  and  Scibstific  Press  akd  otuee  S.  F.  Jouekals 

ASSESSMENTS. 
CoMiMKv.                              Location.  No.  Am't.  Levied.    Delisq't. 
Adelaide  Copper  M  Co Nevada. 


Eastern  Metal  Markets. 

By  Telegrapli. 
New  York,  Jan.   30,    1890. — The  following  are 
the  closing  prices  the  past  week: 
Silver  in    Silver  in 
London    New  York,  (^opper.     Lead.        Tin. 

Thursday 4'4  916      S)7  $14  40       SJ  82       820  50 

Friday  ......445  97§  14  40         3  82J        20  50 

Saturday. ...  

Monday 44^  %1%  14  40         3  82i        20  60 

Tuesday 44|  97g  14  40         3  82*       20  60 

WedQeBdaT..44J  96^  14  40  3  82*       20  60 

Owing  to  the  telegraph  hnes  being  in  poor  work- 
ing condition,  we  are  unable  to  get  any  Eastern  mar- 
kets by  telegraph. 


San  Francisco  Metal  Market. 

WHOLESAJJE. 

THUKSDAy,  January  30,  1890. 

Antimony— 25  @     — 

BOKAX— Refined,  in  carload  lota 7  @       73 

Powdered  "        "       "    7  @ 

Concentrated      "         "        "    65@      — 

All  giades  jobbing  at  an  advance. 

Copper— 

Bolt 21  @      22 

Sheathing 22  @      24 

Ingot,  jobbing ■ 17  @      18 

do,  wholesale 15  (^      16 

Fire  Box  Sheets... ^2  ftfi      24 

Lead— Pig , 4  (g       4J 

Ear 5@      — 

Sheet 7^     — 

Pipe 6@      — 

Shot,  discount  10%  on  500  bags     Drop,  ^  bag.  1  45  ((^      — 

Buck,  ^bafe 1  65  @     — 

Chilled,  do 1  85  @     — 

TfNPLATE— B.  v.,  steel  etade,  14x20,  P.  8 5  5u  i.u-      — 

B.  v.,  steel  grade,  I4s20,  spot. 4  «0  @     — 

Charcoal,  14x20 6  75  (ce  7  OO 

do  roofing,  11x20 6  00  ®      — 

do.  do,  20i28 12  00  @     — 

Pig  tin,  spot,  %?  lb 2]  (^      22 

CoKE-Eng.,  ton,  spot,  m  blk 13  50  (« 15  00 

Do,  do,  to  load JH  00  @      — 

Q  oiOKSii, VER— By  the  flask 5j  00  (O)      — 

JFlaaks,  new ■', , @      — 

FlanVB,  fiM 35  ftS 

Chrosie  Iron  Ore,  Tj)  ton 10  ^.Ota; 

Iron— Bar,  base 3  @       3i 

Norway,  base 43<2       £i 

Spot.  To  Load. 

Feon— Glengarnock  ton 35  00  @ 34  @  — 

Eglinton,  ton 35  00  5e 32i(a  — 

American  Soft,  No.  1,  ton., <»35  00  321@  — 

OreRon  Pig,  ton ^35  00  —  @  — 

Puget  Sound 35  00  @ —  @  — 

Clay  Lane  White ;e2S  00  27  @  — 

Sbotts,  No.  1 35  00  (935  00  32i@  — 

Bar  Iron  (base  price)  ^Ib...       —  (^      —  -@  — 

Langloan   35  00  @ 34  @  — 

ThovncUffe 35  00  @ 34  @  — 

Gartsherrie 35  00  @ 34  @  — 


Coal. 


TO   LOAJJ. 

Per  Ton.  I  Per  Ton. 

Australian  ...     7  50  @  7  75jLehigh  Lump..  16  50@17  00 

LiverpoolSfm     8  50  @ Cumberland  bk  16  00@ 

Scotch  Splint.     9  00  @  9  00  E^g,  hard 15  50@ 

Cardiff 9  50@10  00| 

SPOT    FROM   YARD. 

Wellington .§  9  00  Seattle 7  00 

Scotch  SpUnt 9  LiO  C003  Bay 6  00 

Greta     S  uO  Canne! 12  00 

Westminster  Brymbo.  9  cO  Eg-g,  hard IS  00 

Nanaimo 9  ijO  Cumberland,  in  sacks  15  00 

Sydney 8  uO      do.  bulk 14  00 

Oilman 7    0 


Oar  Ag^ents. 

Odb  FRrsNBB  can  do  much  in  aid  of  our  paper  and  the 
cause  of  practical  knowledge  and  ecience,  by  assisting 
Agents  in  their  labors  of  canvassing,  by  lending  their  in- 
Quence  and  encouraging  favors.  We  intend  to  send  none 
but  worthy  men. 

J.  C.  HoAG — San  Francisco. 

R.  O.  Bailbt— San  Francisco. 

W.  W.  Throbaldb— Los  Angeles  Co. 

E.  Fischer— Central  California. 

Gbo,  Wilsoh— Sacramento  Co. 

K  H.  ScHAKFFLE —  Fresoo  Co 

C.  Edward  Robertson— Humboldt  Co, 

Frans  S.  Chapin— Butte  Co. 

Wm.  H.  Hilleary— Oregon. 

E.  R    Drminq — Oregon.  • 

Chas,  M,  Moodt— Oregon. 


Complimentary  Samples. 

Persona  receiving  this  paper  marked  are  re- 
(^nested  to  examine  its  contents,  terms  of  aab- 
3cription,  and  give  it  their  own  patronage,  and, 
aa  far  as  practicable,  aid  in  circulating  the 
jonmal,  and  making  its  value  more  widely 
known  to  others,  and  extending  its  influence  in 
the  cause  it  faithfully  serves.  Subacription 
rate,  $3.00  a  year.  Extra  copies  mailed  for  10 
cents,  if  ordered  soon  enough.  If  already  s 
^ubecriberi  pleaae  show  the  paper  to  others. 


Belting  — Alex  Heins,  saoceaaor  to  Hfina  & 
WillUm,  commenced  operating  in  1887  a 
leather  and  fulled  rawhide  bplting  factory,  lo- 
cated at  504  Front  street.  His  business  was 
increasing  so  much  that  it  was  necessary  to 
look  for  more  room,  and  he  has  lately  removed 
to  134  Main  street,  where  he  now  has  one  floor 
of  46x120  feet,  with  stsam-power.  This  shows 
that  Mr,  Heiaa  is  making  progress  with  his 
bueineBB,  and  miniDg  men  will  do  well  to  oall 
on  him  lor  anything  in  bia  line. 


Baltimorti  M  Co Nevada..  6.. 

(lamp  Creek  M  &  M  Co CalifornJii. .  1.. 

ConNew  York  M  Co Neva'la..  2., 

Con  Rt  Gnthard  M  Co California..  1.. 

Crocker  M  Co Aiizona..  8.. 

Exchequer  M  Co Nevada.  .28. . 

Gold-.D  Giant  M  Co California  .    ... 

Gram"  Prize  M  Co., Nevada. .24.. 

Gray  Eagle  M  Co Califoruia . .  16. . 

Keoturk  M  Uo Nevada    20.'. 

Mavflower  Gravel  M  Co California.. 45,. 

Mexican  M  Co Nevada . . 39. . 

Miueral  King  M&  M  Co Arizjna..  4., 

Natoma  Water  &  M  Co California. ,  2. . 

Occidental  Cor  s  M  Co ^«va'la..  5.. 

Overniiin  S  M  Co Nevada.  .61. . 

Russ41  R  &  M  Co Calif  >iruia..  6.. 

f'eg  BelLiher  &  Midfcs  M  Co Nevada..  5.. 

Silver  King  M  Co Arizona..  2,. 

Tt-irakotf  M  C-> California. .  3. . 

True  Cons  M  Co California..  8.. 


L.Dec  31.. 
2K.JaQ    17.. 

a. .Dec  30., 
15. .Dec  Jl.. 

5..Jau  14.. 
1).  Jan  2J.. 
25.. Dec   16  ., 

A.. Dec  17, 
Sit.. Jan   27 

4..Jai    21 

30. .Dec    11 Jan  14, 

50. .Dec  27.. ..Feb    3. 
25.. Dec    21,       " 
10.  Jan    10, 

5.. Dec  21, 
25.. Jan  20 
25..Dtc  31. 

5  ..Tan    13.... Feb  17. 

25. .Jan     4. ...Feb    6.. 

30.  Jan    15, ...Feb  26. 

■  Dec  14.... Jan  21 


Feb  17 
...Feb  21.. 
..Feb  12... 
,.Jan  IS... 
..Feb  17... 
..Mar  5.. 
..Jan  30... 
..Jan  -IZ. 
..Mar   5. 

Feb  25. 


Feb  6, 
Feb  10, 
Jau  28. 
-Feb  25.. 
..Feb    5.. 


Sale.     Skcrstary.  Pi^ica  of  Bdbinbss. 

Mar  17.. W  H  Graves 426  San  some   St 

.Mar  12..  A  K  Grim 402  Montgomery  St 

..Mar  10.. A.  S  Folger 213  Frenn^nt  St 

..Feb    5..CE  Elliott 309  Montgoniuy  St 

..MarlO..T  Wetzel ^22  M  ntgomery  St 

. .  Mar  28.  .N  T  Messer 30a  Montgomery  «t 

.  .Feb  2U.  .C  E  Elliott 3u9  Montgomery  St 

..Feb  12..HTl{rigg3 DownieviUe 

..Mar2S..RRGraison 327  Pine  St 

..Mar  17..  J  MButtingtoa 303  California  St 

..Feb    4..J  WPew 310  Pine  St 

..Feb  25..JMorizio 328  Montgomery  St 

.  .Feb  27.  .n  E  Elliots 309  Montgomery  St 

..Mar  3..P  H  Leonard 419  California  St 

..Feb  25..P  W  Ames 516  California  Rt 

..Mar  24.. A  K  Dunbar 309  Montgomery  St 

..Feb  2<i..G  D  Edwards 414Califoruia  St 

..Mar  12..  J  M  irizio 32=?  Montgomery  Pt 

..Feh  2)..E  B  Holmes 309  Montgomerv  St 

..Mar  27  .'.A  Waterman 3u9  Montgomery  St 

..Feb  14.. W  J  Garrett 3Ci  Pine  St 

,  .Mar  10..  J  C  Bates 434  California  St 


8..      2i..Jan    18. ...Feb  15 
MBETIN'OS  TO  BB  HELD. 

Name  or  Ootpanv.  TrfJOATiON.     Seoretary  Oppioe  in  8.  P  Meettno  Datk 

Alabama.  Hiiraboldb  &  Bailey  M  Co W  H  Watson 302  Mo  tgomery  St Annual Feb  10 

Becbtel  Cons  M  Co California.. O  F  Griltio 303  Califoruia  St Annual Feb  10 

Uibtlo  Cre,'kM  Co L  Osbora 319  Montgomery  St    Annual Feb  3 

HolmeiM  Co Nevada    C  E  Elliott 309  Montgomery  St AQUual Feb  11 

Luuky  Hdl  Coa  M  Co F  D  Black Baldwio  Hof-el Feb  13 

Oak  Cona  M  Uo Nevada.. E  J  Ryan 230  Montgomery  St Annual Feb  3 

Sunderbaus  G  M  Co Calif. unia.. H  T  Cresswell., 504  Kearny  St Annual Feb  11 

LATEST  DIVIDENDS— WITHIN  THREE  MONTHS. 

Vamk  op  Company.  Location.      Secbetabt.  Offiok  in  S.  P  Amount.  Patabi.e 

Chamiuon  M  Co T  Wetzel 522  Montgomery  St 10 Jan  20 

Caledonia  M  C Nevada.  .AS  Cbeminant 328  Montgomery  St 08 Aug  5 

Con  California  &  Va  M  ^^o Nevada.. A  W  Havens 309  Montgomery  St 25.. Jau  10 

Derbec  Blue  Gravel  M  Co Califoruia.  .T  WetzeL 522  Monta-omery  St 10 Dec  23 

IdaboMCo Califoruia ..Grass  Valley 5  00 Nov  7 

Mt  Diablo  M  Co     Nevada.  .R  Heatb 319  Pine  St 30 Oct  21 

Pacific  Borax  Salt&  Soda  Co.  ..California.. A  H  Clougb :.  230  Mtmtgomery  St 1  00 Feb  10 


Mining  Shaie  Market. 

Trading  the  past  week  under  review  was  quite 
light;  hardly  enough  business  was  done  to  des-erve 
calling  the  transactions  "a  market. "  The  snow- 
blockades  having  laid  an  embirgo  on  news  from  the 
principal  speculative  mines,  the  outside  public  groped 
in  the  dark  worse  than  ever  before;  and  to 
see  cinchers  of  insiders  or  any  other  persons 
searching  for  points  how  to  get  the  best  ot  those 
who  supply  through  tools,  the  street  points,  is  very 
much  like  blind  persons  trying  to  get  other  blind 
persons  to  lead  them  by  echoes.  The  return  of  Capt. 
Vol!  is  looked  upon  by  some  as  a  forerunner  of 
a  market,  or  in  other  words  he  is  a  John  the  Biptist 
of  the  market;  but  who  is  to  be  the  Savior  of  the 
market  is  not  yet  decided  by  the  special  friends  of  the 
three  absent  magnates — Col.  Mackey,  Louis  Schloss 
and  Herman  Ztdig.  So  far  as  the  average  outside 
traders  are  concerned,  they  care  very  little  who  will 
offer  himself  a  sacrifice  so  long  as  they  make  the 
money.  They  only  "kick"  when  they  lose  and  "the 
other  fellow"  makes.  Points  are  now  out  for  lower 
prices  in  theComstocks,  notwithnancling  the  outside 
have  been  steady  sellers.  Continued  bad  weather 
and  big  bear  reports  have  disgusted  many.  Outside 
stocks  have  also  been  dull.  The  Tuscaroras  have 
been  easing  off;  the  Quijotoas  were  birely  steady, 
while  the  Bodies  appeared  to  be  the  firmest. 

The  Western  Union  Telegraph  Co.  ought  to  sue 
the  Commonwealth  Mining  Co.  for  damage,  for  each 
lime  the  line  gets  to  working  a  telegraphic  shipment 
of  bullion  is  sent  from  the  mine,  when  down  goes 
the  line,  probably  to  keep  company  with    McGmty. 

A  patron  is  informed  that  there  is  no  truth  in 
Charley  Elliott  and  J.  W.  Pew  having  formed  a  trust 
mining  secretaryship  under  the  firm  name  of  Etliott- 
Pew  Secretary  Trust  Co,  Probably  it  is  owing  to 
Mr.  Elliott's  bsing  secretary  of  so  many  of  the  Corn- 
stock  mines  and  Mr.  Pew  of  its  outside  mines  that 
such  a  report  originated,  if  it   originated  at  a'l. 

Owing  to  the  heavy  deposits  of  snow  at  Virginia 
City,  only  three  mines,  the  Occidental,  Justice  and 
Alabama,  are  reported  to  be  crushing  ore.  It  is 
claimed  that  the  others  will  resume  crushing  ore 
within  a  few  days. 

The  net  cash  bullion  output  of  the  Crown  Point 
mine  in  last  December  was  over  $40,000,  which 
paid  up  all  indebtedness  and  allowed  of  the  carrying 
over  of  a  surplus  into  January. 

A  subscriber  sends  the  following:  "Will  you  please 
inform  a  stockholder  if  A.  C.  Hamilton,  superinteod- 
pnt  of  Chollar.  Potosi,  Alpha,  Exchequer  and  New 
York  Con  is  paid  a  salary  while  be  is  traveling 
around  the  country?  .Mso  if  Sam  Jones  of  the  Crown 
Point  and  Belcher  is  paid  a  salary  from  the  assess- 
ments of  those  mines  while  he  is  visiting  mines  in 
California  and  Alaska?  Also  if  Col.  (?)  Keating,  of 
the  Norcross  and  Savage,  is  allowed  his  salary  of 
$950  per  month  while  he  visits  the  Tuscarora  mines 
and  spends  at  least  one-half  of  his  time  in  San  Fran- 
cisco ?  By  answering  the  questions  you  will  greatly 
oblige  a  stockholder." 

In  reply  to  the  above  we  will  state  that  a  promi- 
nent mining  official  in  this  city,  when  asked  if  the 
superintendents  drew  salaries  while  absent  on  other 
business  than  that  of  the  mines,  said,  "  Why  not  ? 
Of  course  they  do.  What  do  you  take  them  for?'' 
We  know  of  quite  a  number  of  persons,  the  writer 
included,  who  would  for  less  than  one-half  the  salary 
agree  to  remain  away  from  the  Comstock  all  the  time 
and  write  up  the  work  going  on  in  the  mines  besides. 

News  from  the  mines  on  the  Comstock  is  difficult 
to  get.  If  our  previously  received  advices  were  re- 
liable, the  work  in  two  or  more  of  the  mines  ought 
to  have  either  reached  or  will  soon  reach  very  inter- 
esting points.  With  mail  communication  resumed 
between  San  Francisco  and  Virginia  City,  we  ought 
to  get  more  bullish  news,  such  as  should  favorably 
influence  the  mining  share  market.  From  the  Tus- 
caroras the  same  old  reports  come  to  hand,  which 
bring  assessments.  From  the  Bodies  no  news  is  at 
hand,  but  those  who  ought  to  know  are  very  confi- 
dent of  good  results  following  the  change  in  the 
superintendence  of  Bodie;  at  any  rate  they  claim 
that  there  are  rich  bowlders  in  the  mine,  one  or  more 
of  which  are  liable  to  be  run  into  at  any  time,  and 
if  reported  favorably  the  stock  could  be  made  more 
active  at  higher  prices.  Of  course  these  men  are  too 
honest  to  sell  stock  on  a  bowlder  strike  to  outsiders 
— unless  to  collect  assessments  so  as  to  run  the  mine. 
From  the  Quijotoas  good  news  continues  to  come  to 
hand,  but  the  stock  does  not  advance;  which  causes 
persons  to  doubt  the  news  even  if  it  is  given  in  offi- 
cial letters. 

No  Bullion  Shipments.— Owing  to  the  con- 
tinued blockade  of  the  railroads  in  the  mountains, 
no  buUion  shipments  have  been  received  from  the 
mines  for  two  weeks  past. 


Table  of  Lowest  and  Highest  Sales  in 
S.  F.  Stock  Exchange. 


Njuue  of 
Company. 

Wbek 
Ending 
Jan.  9. 

Week 

Knding 
Jan.  16. 

Wl 

Eki 
Jac 

.95 
1.25 

lis" 

iM 
.65 
.50 

:26 

3.60 
}  45 
1.30 
2.311 
3i 
.30 
.15 
1.50 
.20 

"X% 

.55 

1.35 

2.80 
.30 

1.0 
.70 
.30 
.35 

2.30 
.30 

1.00 
.90 
.65 

).45 
.60 

1.60 

!i6 
1.55 
1  05 
1.90 

.30 

2.25 
.60 
.15 

>INn 

.23 

Tb6 
1.31, 

i'.95 

2.55 

.6 

.61. 

s'sf 

4.75 
1  35 
2.46 

i.'7' 
.25 

Week 

Ending 
Jau,  30. 

Alpha 

Alta 

.95 

50 
1.65 
2.10 
.25 
.30 

s'.io 

4,50 
1.10 
2.83 

1.05 

'!f5 

1  85 

2  35 
.60 
.45 

3!65 
4.S 
1,20 
2.45 

"si 

1:75 
.25 

'!il5 

.7' 

1.40 

2. 16 

.30 

"sri 

\35 
2.45 

.41 
1,25 
I.IS 

.66 
3.50 

.70 
1.85 

.25 

i!55 
1.20 
1.95 
.35 

2!30 
.55 

i!95 

.90    ... 
1.20    1.2! 

'\M    I'SI 
2.25    2.3: 

55 

.40       .45 

Slio    3.85 
4.31    4,61 
1.10    1  25 
2  20    2.26 
3,25    .... 
.23      .30 
.15     .... 

1  55    1.55 
.20      .25 

'!i6     '!25 
.56       .76 

1.31    1.40 

2.!0    2.75 
.25      .31 

1.15    1  30 
.35       .70 
.30     .... 

35 

2  10     .... 
.34      .40 

1.05    1.26 
.25     .... 
.60       .65 

3.05    3.40 
55      .60 

l.fO    1.75 
.25       .35 

i'.io  i;55 

1.(0    1.10 
1,80    1.  5 
.25      .35 
.15     .... 
2.05    2.20 
.55      .60 

i!70    i'.95 

.90    .... 
1.25    .... 

.'0    .... 

.75    1.95 
2.40    2.60 

.'0      .55 

.45      ,5J 

".20    '.!'.'. 
J  65    3.63 
4.60    4  75 
1  30    1.40 
2.3j    2.45 

'!2i    ".3D 

Andes 

Belcher 

Beat  &  Belcher 

Bullioo 

BodieCon 

Benton 

Bulwer 

Comraoowtiftlth  .... 

Cod.  Va.  &Cal 

Challenge 

OhoUar  

Confidence 

Con.  Imperial 

Orown  Point 

1.50 
.20 

'!26 

60 

I  30 

2.50 

.r. 
1.20 

.30 

.35 

.30 
2.15 

.35 
1.05 
1  00 

.60 
3.05 

.55 
1.65 

1.69    l.?5 

EureKaCoD 

Exchequer 

Grand  Prize 

Gould  &  Curry 

Httle&  Norcross... 

Julia 

Justice 

Keutuok 

Liidy  Wash 

"i'lB    "50 

1.45 

2.8) 

"m 

2.60 

I  40     .... 
2.80    2.85 

'!66     ".65 

Mexican 

North  Belle  isle.... 
Nev.  Queen 

.95    1.05 

.75 
3.70 

.70 
176 

1^65 
1.21 
2.05 

2.35 
-.75 

2165 

Ophlr 

Overman 

3.60    3.70 
.60      .65 

20 

PetT      

.15 
1.40 
1.  5 

1.75 
.30 
.15 

2.10 

ilso 

1  .50    1  60 

8.B.&M 

Sierra  Nevada. ... . 

Silver  mil 

Scorpion 

l.CO    1. 10 
1.90    2.'0 
.30    .... 

^25    2  30 

nia" 

Weldon 

7bUow  Jacket 

.65      .70 

Sales  at  San 

THDItSDAY.  Jan.  30 
30  Alta 

Fra 

9:30 

ncisco  Stock  Exc 

hange. 

2  65 

85o 

Ith.  ..9  c 

4. M.I  100  Mexi 
300  N.  E 
1.25'  200  N.  C 
.55c   250  Opljj 
1.80    100  Occic 
2.451  500  0?en 
3.601  .•■5)  Poto 
4.70'  3«  Savai 
1.40    100  Sierr 

can 

■lie  Is 

jmmonweo 

aito  Belcher 

ent.' 
nan.. 

60o 

250  OhoUar 

50  Coimoonwealth 
50  Con  Va  SOal. 
50  Gould  &  OuriT 

60c 

!e 1,60 

a  Nevada 1,95 

Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


Tub  Best  Practical  Mining  Journal  ik  tub  World. 

Established  in' 1860,  this  paper  has  been  eminently 
successful  ae  a  popular  and  useful  mining  and  mechanical 
journal.  Relative  to  precious  metals  especially,  it  is  the 
leading  mining  paper  of  the  world. 

Subscription,  $3  a  year.  Advertising  rates,  moderate. 
Send  for  samples  and  further  information. 

It  is  largely  patronized  by  the  leading  Miners,  Mine 
Owners,  Supermtendents,  Engineers,  Metallurgists,  Chem- 
sts,  Manufacturers,  Mechanics,  Scientific,  Professional 
and  Industrial  "Men  of  Progress"  on  the  Pacific  Coast, 
and  many  lead.ng  Mining  Men  throughout  the  mining 
fields  of  the  world. 

It  is  by  far  the  best  advertising  medium  in  the  Pacific 
States  andTerritories  for  Mining,  Mechanical,  Engineering, 
Building  and  Manufacturing  Tools  and  Implements, 
Goods,  Supplies,  etc. 

Being  thoroughly  able  and  reliable  in  its  editorial  and 
business  management,  and  long  established  in   the  most 
progressive  industrial  portion  of  the  Union,  at  present 
ts  power  as  an  advertising  medium  is  imsurpassed. 
DEWEY  &   CO..   Publishers. 

SSO  SfarJcet  Street,  San  Franciaco. 


DIVIDEND  NOTICE. 


OFFICE  OF  THE  PAUlFI  ;  BORAX,  SALT  &  SODA 
CO.MPANV,  Sin  Francisco,  Janoiry  31,  1S90  -  At  a 
meeting  ot  the  Board  of  Directors  of  t:he  above-named 
Company,  held  tbia  day,  a  Dividerd  (No.  2S)  of  One  Dol- 
lar (SI. 00)  per  shore  was  declarpd,  payable  MONDAY, 
February  10,  1890,  at  the  o!tice  of  the  company,  No.  230 
Montgomery  street.  Rooms  11  and  12.  Tiansfor  Books 
olose  February  5, 1890,  at  3  o'clock  p.  m. 

ALTON  H.  CLOUQH,  Secretary. 


Fbb.  1,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


87 


tdlicatiopal. 


or 

ASSAYING    AND    CHEMISTRY, 

Koomn4«f;47.  )  628  Montuomerv  8l., 

2(1  Floor  Moiit^iiiiivry  Bl'k.  f       S&n  Franclaco. 
Alao,  Eveointr  t'lasses,  7  to  10  o'clock. 

JOUN  T.  EVANS,  M.  A.,  niDcipkl. 


School  of  Practical.  Civil.  Mechanical  and 
MINING  ENGINEERING, 

SnireylDE,  ArcWlecture,  Drawiog  and  Assaylog 

723    MARKET    STRE3BT, 

Ttio  HiBtory  BulldioK.  San  PfiANCLSCO,  Cal. 

A.  VAN  DEK  NAILLEN,  PrMiilunt. 

Aiaaylutc  ff  Ores,  926;  BullloD  and  ChlorlnAtlon  Assay, 

$36;  Blowpipe  Aflsfty.  910.    Pull  courae  of  UMylog.  9&0. 

tfB^nd  (or  cireuUr. 


HEALDS 


FS 


BUSINESS     OOLLEGE, 

24  POST  ST..  S.  P. 
'"R      SKVENTT-FITE      DOI.I,AK8    THI6 

OoUeffo  iDStructs  to  Shorthftod,  Type  Writing,  Book- 
ttwping,  TeleiifTaphy,  Pen m unship.  Drawing,  all  the  fin- 
gllao  branches,  and  uvorythln^  portainlii);  to  bueinesa, 
for  six  fall  montha.  We  ha\e  elxtcon  teachere,  aod  give 
Indivldoat  inBtruotioa  to  all  our  pupUe.  Oar  school  bae 
tts  graduates  In  every  part  of  tht  State. 

jirSiND   FOa   ClROULAa. 

B.  P.  HEALD,  Preflldent. 
O.  S.  HALITV.  SnnrMarv. 


HORACE  D.  RANLETT, 

Ores,  Mining,  and  Commission, 

420  Montffomery  St.,  S.  F. 

ShlpB  under  advances  to  flmcltln^'  works  in  Boatoo, 
New  York,  Baltimore  and  Liverpool. 

Twenty-one  years'  experience  in  Shipping  Ores  and 
ManaL,''liih'  Hloes. 

SolicitH  Coneignmonts  of  Copper  Produce  and  Manage- 
m*'iit  of  Miii'n^  Matters. 

All  buflioeBfl "conducted  on  Cash  Basis. 

Purchase  and  shiprnvut  of  Mining  Supplies  A  Spsgialt?. 

Sales  of  Developed  C'oppor  Mines  undertaken. 

Business  Maaager  of  UwION  COPPER  MINE,  Copper- 
opolia,  Cal.;  NEWTON  COPPER  MINE,  Amador  Co.,  Cal. 

INVENTORS.      TAKE       NOTICE  I 

L.  petersonTmodel  maker, 

26%  Market  St. ,  N.  E.  cor.  Front  {up  atalre),  San    Francsico 
Kxperimobtal  machinerj- and  all  kinds  of  models    Tin 
and  brasaworlt.     All  communicationa  strictly   cmifiden- 
tial. 


WATER  TANKS,     WINE  TANKS  I 

CALIFORNIA    WINE    COOPERAGE     CO. 

FULDA  UKUS..  Proprietors, 

30  to  40  Spear  St.,  San  Francleco- 

ALL  KINDS  OF  OASICS,  TANKS,  Etc. 

^Siiip,  MiNiMO,  and  Watb*  Takks  a  Specialty.'^a 

SPENGERIAN 
TEEL  PENS 

Are  the  Best, 

IN  TIUS  ESSENTIAI,  QUALITIES  OK 

Durability,   Evenness   of 
Point,  and  Workmanship. 

Sjimplea  for  trini  ol'  12  different.  Htj-les  by  mnil,  ou 
nsoelpt  of  10  cciUM  iu  BtaiupB.    Ask  for  card  No.  8. 

,  BLiKEMiN  &  CO.,  '"aJJv-Ti'rlf"' 


O.    H.  EVANS    &  CO. 

(Successors  to  THOMSON  &  EVANS), 

110  and   112   Beale   Street,  S.  F. 

MACHINE  WORKS, 
Steam  Pumps,  Steam  Engines 

and  aU  Hods  of  MACHINERY. 


Quo  OhmGn's   12Tfl2  .Automatic  Bnglne; 
best  stj  le  in  use    Alao,  1  Boiler  48  ia.  x  16  ft.  Both  nearly 
new.    Apply  to     j.  W.  QDICK,  isai  First  M., 
(Top  Floor)  San  Fratfcleco,  Gal. 


PERFECTED 

DOUBLE 


IC 


Attached  to  each  Mill 
is  an  effective 

Automatic  Ore 
Feeder.- 

THE  CRUSHING  is  done  by  the  rapid  rocking  movement  in  opposite  directions  ol 
two  heavy  castiDgs,  the  bottoms  of  which  are  slightly  oiroular  in  form,  and  eaoh  provided  with 
our  shoes. 

The  Mill  is  a  closer  Gold-Saver  and  catches  a  larger  percentage  of 
the  Clean-up  in  the  Battery  than  any  other  Mill. 

It  costs  leas,  in  proportion  to  what  it  will  do,  than  any  other  mill.  There  are  no  working 
parts  to  buy  for  it,  no  matter  how  long  it  is  used,  except  shoes  and  dies.  Capacity  of  Mill,  g 
to  10  tone  per  day.     Weight  of  Mill,  complete,  6400  poands. 

We  mannfacture,  to  go  with  the  Mill,  an 

IMPROVED    ROCK    BREAKER. 

Power  required  for  Mill  and  Rock  Breaker,  6  H.  P.     Send  for  Circular.     Address 

TATUM  &  BOWEN, 

34  and  36  FREMONT  ST.,  SAN    FRANOISOO,    OAL., 

AND    PORTLAND,   OREGON. 

MANUFACTURERS   OF   MINING  AND  SAW  MILL  MACHINERY. 


FRISBEE  WET  MILL. 

This  Mill,  with  a  weight  of  less  than  9000  pounds, 

has  a  capacity  of  three  tons  per  hour  of  hard 

quartz  to  40  mesh ;  has  been  thoroughly 

tested ;  we  guarantee  its  worls  as 

represented,  and  we  will  give 

long  time   trial. 


IT    HAS  NO  MORE  WEARING  PARTS  THAN  CORNISH  ROLLS 

And  renewals  will  not  cost  over  one-half  as  much  as  for  stamps.  Will  run  empty,  or  with  small 
amount  of  ore  without  injury.  The  attention  of  parties  having  Cement  Gravel  is  called  to  this 
Mill,  as  it  will  run  100  tons  per  day  to  No.  8  mesh;  30  to  35  H.  P. 

OUR  DRY  MILLS  are   the   moat   economical   ever   built,  and   are   extensively  used  with 
record  of  several  years.    No  grindiug  in  Dans,    Mill  finishes  to  any  fineness  desired. 

FRISBEE-LUCOP  MILL  COMPANY. 

GIDEON  FRISBEE,  Manager,        -        -       59  &  61  First  Street,  San  Francisco 
HOOKER  &  LAWRENCE.  Gen'l  Aa'it.  145  Broadway.  New  York. 


SS.A.^VES      JMCOnNTES 


BY    USING 


WATER  POWER  TRANSMITTED  BY  ELECTRICITY 

To  Run  your   Mills,   Hoists   and   Trams. 

For  Circular  giving  partioulars  send  to 

KEITH    ELECTRIC    CO., 


—  MANUFAOTUKERS  OF  — 


Apparatus  for  Electric  Light  and  Electric  Power, 

OFFICE,  40  NEVADA  BLOCK, 

Factory,  Stevenson  St.,  bet.  First  and  Ecker,  SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL, 

SAN  FRANCISCO  TOOL  CO, 

mANUFAOTUBBRS    OP 

IRRIGATING  PUMPS 

AND 

Machinery  of  all  Kinds. 


PAOIflO  COAST  AOEHTS . 

BABOOOK    &    WILOOX 

Patent  Water  Tube  Steam  Boilers. 

Estimates  FnrnJshed  on  Application. 


rSend  for  Catalogues. 


CENTRIFUGAL     PITJIP. 


FIRST  and  STEVENSON  SIS., S.Fv 


88 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Feb.  1,  1890 


Founded  by  Mathew  Carey,  1785. 

HENRY  CAREY  BAIRD  &  CO., 

Industrial     Publishers,     Booksellers     and 

imoorters, 
S 1 0  Walnut  St.,  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  U.  S.  A, 

t^  Our  new  and  Revised  Catalogue  of  Practical  and 
Scientific  Booka,  84  pagpg,  Svo.,  and  our  other  Cataloguea 
and  Circulars,  the  whole  covering  every  branch  of 
Science  applied  to  the  arts,  sent  free  and  free  of  postage 
to  any  one  in  anyjpartof  the  world  who  will  furnish  hie 
address. 


STEARNS  WI'F'G  CO., 

29  &  31  Spear  St.,       San  Francisco,  Cal. 


PACIFIC    ROLLING   MILL   CO., 


,  .UANUFACTUKBBS  OF 


^tiriiiii«^-ir 


MANUFACTURBRfl  OF 

HIGH-GRADE   SAW  MILL    MACHINERY, 
£Nai\ES,  STEEL  BOILEKS,  Etc. 

— tMPORTBRS   OF — 

Munaon's  Leather  Belting,  Goodell  &  Waters'  Woodwork- 
ing  Toolfl,  Hill's  Clutch  Pulleys  and  Couplings,  Emerson's 
Saws,  Emery  Wheels,  Tool  and  Knife  Grinders,  Ewart's 
Link  Belting,  L.  &  D.  Wood  ,  Pulleys,  Hoisting  and  Pile 
Driving  Engines,  Etc. 


RIX  k  FIRTH, 

225  and  227  First  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

Compressed  Air  and  Water  Power 
Machinery. 


KNIGHT'S  WATER  WHEEL, 

For  Mills,  Pumping  and  Hoisting. 

OVBB    300  IN    DSB. 
All  estimates  g^uaranteed.    Seiid  for  Circalar. 


The  Celebrated  H.  H.  H  Liniment. 


The  H.  H.  H.  Iilnlment  la  for  the  treatment  of 
he  Aches  and  Pains  of  Humanity,  as  well  as  for  the  ail- 
ments of  the  beasts  of  the  fields.  Testimonials  from 
importers  and  breeders  of  blooded  stock  prove  its  won- 
derful curative  properties.  No  man  has  ever  used  it  foi 
an  ache  or  pain  and  been  dissatisfied. 

H.  H.  MOORE  a  SONS,  Stockton,  Cal.,  Proprietora. 
Fna  Salb  by  at.l  Druqoipts. 


WINCHESTER  HOUSE. 


41  Tliird  Street, 


San  Francisco,  Gal, 


This  Fire  proof  Briik  Building  is  centrally  located,  in 
the  healthieet  part  of  the  city,  only  a  balf  block  fmm  the 
Grand  and  Palace  Hotels,  and  close  to  all  steamboat  and 
Railroad  Offices. 

Laund  ry  Free  for  the  use  of  Families. 


HOT  AND  COI,I>  BATHS  FKEE. 


Terms,  Board  and  Rogm,  $1.00  per  Day 

And  Upward. 

Booms  with  or  without  Board, 

Free  Coach  to  the  House. 


VAN   DOZEN'S 

STEAMjetPUMP 

For  Wator  Supply  Tanlts, 

B-\»r  Fire  I'simp  «i»  V;ir«l  orSivilcliEDg'ineN. 

For  Roiiixl  SB«»uNO  <>eiierul  Work. 

For  Ui-aiuin^^PoiKlM,  PitM.  Coffer  Dums,  etc. 

lU  Size.>4.     $l7  to  $4T.'>.     TliouNitntIs  in    uae. 

Write  for  DL'Scriptivi,-  Pump  Circular,  v 

VAN   DUZEN  &TIFT,  CINCINNATI,  O. 


QUICKSILVER 

For  Sale  in  Lote  to  Suit  bv 

PABBOTT    &    CO., 
806  Oallfomla  St.,  Ban  Francisco,  Oal. 


UP   TO    20,000   LBS.    WEIGHT. 

Tme  to  pattern  and  superior  in  etrensrth,  tongtiness  and  durability  to  Oast  or  Wroaffht 
Iron  In  any  position  or  for  any  service. 

GEARINGS,  SHOES,  DIES,  CAMS,  TAPPETS,  PISTON-HEADS,  RAILROAD  and  MA- 
CHINERY CASTINGS  of  Every  Description. 


HOMOGENEOUS  STEEL. 


SOFT  and  DUCTILE, 

SUPERIOR  TO  IRON  FOR 


LOCOMOTIVE  AND  MARINE  FORCINGS. 

ALSO  Steel  Rods,  from  ^  to  3  inch  diameter  and  Flats  from  1  to  8  Inch.  Angles,  Tees,  Channels  and  other  sbape 
Steel  Wagon,  Buggy,  and  Truck  Tires,  Plow  Steel;  Machinery  and  Special  Shape  Steel  to  size  and  lengtns 
STEBIi  BAIIiS  from  12  to  45  pounds  per  yard.  ALSO,  Ballroad  and  Merchant  Iron*  Rolled 
Beams,  Angle,  Channel,  and  T  iron,  Bridge  and  Machine  Bolts,  Lag  Screws,  Nuts,  Washers,  Ship  and  Boat 
Spikes;  Steamboat  Shafts,  Cranks,  Pistons,  Connecting  Rods,  etc  Car  and  Locomotive  Axles  and  Frames, 
and  Iron  Forgings  of  all  kinds,  Iron  and  Steel  Bridge  and  Roof  Work  a  Specialty. 

HIGHEST  PRICE  PAID  FOB  SCRAP  IBOX  AND  STBSX. 

t^  Orders  will  have  prompt  attention.    Send  for  Catalogues.    Address 

PACIFIC  ROllING  MHI  CO.,  202  Market  St.,  San  Francisco. 


FULTON     IRON    WORKS, 

HINCKLEY.  SPIERS   &    HAYES.  Proprietors. 


0£Q.oev    2X3 


[ESTABLISHED    IN    IS&S.] 
t    St:., 


SA.XX    Je*xrA.xxoJLfiioo. 

— MANUFACTHRERa     OF — 

MARINE  ENGINES  AND  BOILBRS.- 
Propeller  EngineSt  either  High  Pressure  or  Compound, 
Stern  or  Side-wheel  Engines.' 

MINING  MACHINERY.— Hoisting  Engines  and 
Works,  Cages,  Ore  Buckets,  Ore  Cars,  Pumping  En&riues 
and  Pumps,  Water  Bndkets,  Pump  Columns,  Air  Com- 
presaors,  Air  Receivers,  Air  Pipes. 

MILL.  MACHINERY.— Batteries  for  Dry  or  Wet 
Crushing,  Amalgamating  Pans,  Settlers,  Furnaces,  Re- 
tort-s,  Concentrators,  Ore  Feeders,  Rock  Breakers,  Fur- 
nax:es  for  Reducing  Ores,  Water  Jackets,  eta 

MISCELLANEOUS  MACHINERY.— Flour 
Mill  Machinery,  Saw  Mill  Engines  and  Boilers,  Dred^dng 
Machinery,  Powder  Mill  Machinery,  Water  Wheels. 

Tustin's  Pulverizer 

WORKS  ORE  WET  OR  DRY. 

ENGINESsBOILERS 

OF    ALL     KINDS, 

Blther  for  use  on  Steamboats  or  for  nee  on  Land. 

Water  Pipe,  Pomp  or  Air  Colnnms,  Fish 
Tanks  for  Salmon  Canneries 

OF   BVBRT   DK8CRIPTI0N. 

Boiler  Bepairs  Promptly  attended  to  and  at  V9ry  moderate  rates. 

AQBNT8  FOR  THB  PACIFIC  COAST  FOR  THK 

I>ea.xxe  Ste^zxx  X*XLZXX-e^. 

SPECLiLTIES : 
Corliss  Engrlnes  and  Tnstln  Ore  Pulverizers.  DBANB    STEAM    PUMP. 

Agents  and  Manufacturers  of  the  Llewellyn  Feed  Water  Purifier  and  Heater. 


THE  GIANT  POWDER  COMPANY 

Mamilaoture  Three  Kioda  of  Powder,  which  are  acknowledged  by  all  the  Great  ChemiatB  of  the  World  as 

The  Safest  and  Strongest  High  Explosives  in  the  Market. 

Of  Different  Strengtlis  as  Required. 

NOBEL'S    EXPLOSIVE     GELATINE,"    which  contains    94   per  cent  of  Nltro-Olycerlne,  and 

GELATINE-DYNAMITE,  Stronger  than  Dynamite  and  even  Safer  in  Handling. 

JUDSON  POWDER  IMPROVED. 

FOB  EAII-ROADS  AND  I,AND  CLEARING.  Is  from  three  to  four  times  stronger  than  ordinary  Blast- 
ing Powder,  and  Is  used  hy  all  the  RaUroads  and  Gravel  Claims,  as  it  breaks  more  ground,  pulverizes  better  &nd 
saves  time  and  money.    It  is  as  my  as  the  ordinary  Blasting  Powder  and  runs  as  freely. 

BANDMANN,  NIELSEN  &  CO., 

OAPa  and  rD8B  for  Sale  GENERAL  AGENTS,  "^lAN  FRANCISCO    OAL. 


QUARTZ  SCREENS 


A  specialty.  Round,  slot 
or  burred  slot  holes.  Gen- 
uine Russia  Iron,  Homo- 
geneous Steel,  Caat  Steel  or ' 
American  planished  Iron. 
Zinc,  Copper  or  Brass  Screens  for  all  purpoaea  Call- 
f«™!„    »„_. — *: —  Screen  Co.,  145  &  147  Beale  St »  S.  F. 


fomia  Perforatin 


COAL  MINES  OF  THE  WESTERN  COAST. 

A  few  copies  of  this  work,  the  only  one  ever  published 
treating  of  Pacific  Coast  Coal  Mining,  have  been  ob- 
tained, and  are  for  sale  at  this  office  for  §2.50  per  copy 
It  was  written  by  W.  A.  Goodyear,  Mining  and  Civil 
Engineer,  formerly  of  the  California  State  Geolo^cal 
Survey. 


N.  W.  SPAULDING 

Iklanufacturers  of 
SPAULDING'S 

Inserted  Tooth 

AND 

CHISEL    BIT 

CmCDLAK 

Saws. 

SAW  MILLS   AND    MACHINERY 

Of  all  kinds  made  to  order.    Send  tor  Descriptive  Cata 
logue.    17  and  19  Fremont  St..  San  Franolaoe 


\m  apd  (Aachijie  \^\\% 


UNION    IRON   WORKS, 

8AOBAMENTO,  CAL. 

ROOT,    NEILSON     &    OO., 

MAMUFACTURBRa  OF 

Steam     Engines,    Boilers, 

AMD  ALL  KINDS  OF 

MACHINERY  FOR  MINING  PURPOSES. 

Flouring  Mills,  Saw  Mills  and  Quartz  Hills  Machinery 
constructed,  fitted  up  and  repaired. 


Front  St.,  bet.  N  &  O  Sts., 


Sacramento,  Oal. 


CALIFORNIA   MACHINE    WORKS, 

WM.  H.  BIRCH  &  CO., 

ENGINEERS     AND     MACHINISTS. 


No.  119  Beale  St., 


San  Francisco. 


-BOrLDBftS  OF- 


Stcam  En&ines,  Saw  Mills,  Mining  Machinery,  Dredging 
Machines,  Rock  Crushers,  Cable  Railway  Machinery, 
Ellithorp  Air  Brake  Co. 's  Pafent  Steum  and  Hydraulic 
Elevators,  Air  Cushions  and  Air  Brakes.  POSITIVE 
SA.FKTIES.  Improved  Ram  Elevators,  Sidewalk  and 
Hand  Hoists.  R  £.  Henrickson's  Patent  Automatio 
Safety  Catches. 

Machines  of  all  kinds  Made  and  Repaired. 
Orders  Solicited. 


Golden  State  &  Miners  Iron  Works. 

Macafactore  Iron  Oastlnse  and  Macblnery 
of  all  Kinds  at  Greatly  Bednced  Bates. 

STEVENSON'S  PATENT 

Mold-Board  AMALOAMATOBS, 
Golden  State  Pressure  Blowers. 

yirsL  St.  between  Howard  A  Folsom,  S.  F, 


rBOMAB   THOMPSON 


fHDRNTON  THOMFSON 


THOMPSON    BROTHERS, 

EUREKA    FOUNDRY, 

129  and  131  Beale  St.,  between  Mission  and  Howaxdi  S.F 

HAHUFAOTURBHS  OF  OABTTNQS  OF  BVBRT  DBSOBIPllOir. 


Mining    Engineers. 


CIVIL    AND    MINING    ENGINEER 

OF  long  experience,  practical  and  adminirtrativc,  (n 
Copper,  Silver  and  Gold  Mining  in  Europe  and  Anierica, 
offers  services  ai^  Manager  or  Superintendent,  or  to  search 
fi'r  and  report  on  Mines.  Now  in  Mexico.  Several  Lan- 
guages.    Address  C.  F..  Bo3c  2517,  San  Francisco,  Ca). 


W.  A.  GOODYEAR. 

Civil    and    Mining    Engineer, 

MDJINO  EXPERT  4kd  GEOLOQIST. 
Address  "  Business  Box  A,"  office  of  tiiis  paper.  Sao 
Prancisco. 


ROSS   E.  BROWNE, 

Mining  and  Hydraulic  Engineer, 

No.  307  Sakbomb  St.,  San  Fkajioisoo. 


ISRAEL  W.  KNOX, 
Mining  and  Mechanical  Engineer 

AND   PURCHA8IKG  AQBNT  FOR 

Mines,  Minings  Machinery  &  Supplies. 

Mines  E^xamined,   Reports  and     Estimates    Furnished, 

Contracts  made,  etc 
Offlce.  237  First  St.,        San  Francisco.  Oal. 


CliAYTOjv 


IMPROVED 


Air  COMPRESSORS 

Fo»  CATALOGl/ES,  ESTIMATES,  Etc.,  Adobess,  .    ^ 

Clayton  Air  Compressor  Works , 

.  •     OF     BROOKLYN,     ti^   V. 

43  PEY  ST.,  NEW  YORK. 


THE  RUSSELL  PROCESS  COMP'Y. 

TALCOTT  H.  RUSSELL,  Secretary, 
KUW  HAVEN  CONK. 

p.  O.  Box  496. 


Feb.  1,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press, 


89 


PARKE    &    LACY   COMPANY 


•IMPORTERS    AND    MANUFACTDRBRa    OF- 


MINING,    MILL    and    GENERAL     MACHINERY. 


ENGINES.  BOILERS,  STEAM  PUMPS, 

AIB  COMPRESSORS,  ROOK  DRILLS, 
WALL'S  CRUSHING  ROLLS, 

CONCENTRATORS,  PULVERIZERS. 
TURBINE  WATER  WHEELS. 

ROOK  BREAKERS,  DRY  JIGS. 

Bullock's  Diamond  Drills 

GOLDEN  GATE  CONCENTRATORS, 

GREATEST  CAPACWY  OF   ANY  CONCENTRATOR  MADE, 
One  Machine  Taking  Pulp  from  10  Stamps. 


SAW    MILLS,    MACHINE    TOOLS. 
PLANING  MILLS,  INJECTORS  and  EJECTORS 
BELTING,  PACKING,  OILS,  LUBRICATORS, 
FIRE    EXTINGUISHERS, 
CBNTKIPUGAL   PUMPS, 
ROTARY  PUMPS,  GANG  EDGBRS, 
CAMPBELL'S    STEAM    FEEDS, 
MILL    and    MINE    SUPPLIES. 


<3r-EiTa~Xm..A.1Lm      .A.CSrUXiTI'S      I'OH. 


WESTINGHOUSE     AUTOMATIC     ENGINES. 


COMPOUND,     B215  HOKSK  POWER. 


SALES    DORINO    LAST    POUR    MONTHS: 

RT  A  T»JD  A  T?  n  ^»  engines, 

►J  X  .a.  J.N  J./.fa.Jlli.',     4S00  HORSE  POWER. 


TTTMTOT?  166  ENGINES, 

0\J±\X\JJ^l,     4280  HORSE  POWER. 


Ox-n,xxd    iyota.1,    309    Hxxs±xxeGi,    .£k.ssTrGS^>-'t^^^S   X3.975    XZox-se    X'oxTCT'er. 


21  and  23  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


189  Clarence  St.,  Sydney,  N.  S.  W. 


I860.  1888- 

BUlLDBRfl   OK 

MINING    MACHINERY. 

OENERAI,  OFFICE  AND  WORKS : 

1 27  First  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  U.  S.  A. 

New  York  Office,  145  Broadway. 

PLANTS  FOR  GOLD  AND  SILVER  MILLS, 

embiacini:  machinen-  ot  LATEST  DESIGN  and 
MOST  IMPROVED  coiiBtruction.  We  offer  our 
OUBtomors  the  BEST  RESULTS  OF  38  TEARS' 
EXPERIENCE  in  this  SPECIAL  LINE  of 
work,  and  arc  PREPARED  to  furnish  the  MOST 
APPROVED  character  of  MINING  AND  RE- 
DUCTION MACHINERY,  adapted  to  all  pradea  of 
orea  and  SUPERIOR  to  that  of  any  other  make,  at 
the  LOWEST  POSSIBLE  PRICES. 

We  are  alan  prepared  to  CONST  KUCT  and  DE- 
LIVER In  COMPLETE  RUNNING  ORDER, 
In  any  locality,  JOLLS,  CONCENTRATION 
WORKS,  WATER  JACKlET  SMELTING 
FURNACES.  HOISTING  WORKS,  PUMP- 
ING MACHINERY,  ETC.,  ETC.,  ot  any  DE- 
SIRED CAPACITY. 


THE    GATES    CRUSHER 

Is  beyond  all  question  the  most  important  improvement 
that  has  ever  been  made  in  this  class  of  mining;  ma- 
chinery. It  will  do  more  than  twice  the  work  with  a 
given  amount  of  wear  than  any  other  Crusher  made, 
besides  crushing  so  much  finer  that  for  mining  uses,  the 
capacity  of  the  mill  is  greatly  increased.  It  has  the  same 
relative  superiority  for  macadamizing  purposes,  afford- 
ing the  cheapest  and  most  reliable  machine  for  this  use. 


SEND     FOR    CIRCULAK. 


PACIFIC    IRON    WORKS 


NO.    127    FJH&T    STREET, 


SAN    FRANCISCO,    CAL. 


NOTICE  TO  GOLD  MINER8I 


JUSTINIAN  CAIRE,  Agent, 

521  &  523  Market  St.,  Sari  Francisco, 


-DBALBR    IN— 


s&.AJ\riisrc3r 


Assayers'  and  Mining  Material. 


DPBBIOH  COPPER 


GRAVEL,  OR  PLACER  MINES.  MADE  OP  BEST  SOFT  LA.KF 

jgLT?     HEIi:>XTOESI>      3PH.ICJ3E3S. 

Oar  plates  are  guaranteed,  and  by  actual  experience  are  proved,  the  beej  in  weight  of  Sil 
ver  and  durability.  Old  Mining  Platea  Replated,  Bjught,  or  Gold  Separated.  THOUSANDS 
OP    ORDERS    FILLED. 

SAN    FRANCISCO    NOVELTY,  GOLD,  SILVER    AND    NICKEL    PLATING  WORKS, 
1 08  and  112  First  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

e^  SEND  FOR  CIRODLARS. 


-MANUPACTURBR    OF— 


BATTERY  SCREENS  AND  WIRE  CLOTH 


Agent  lor  HOSKIXS' 
HYDRO-CARBON    ASSAY   FURNACES 


IMPORTANT  TO  GOLD  MINERS! 

SILVER-PLATED  AMALGAM  PLATES  for  SAVING  GOLD 

IN    QUARTZ,    GRAVEL    AND    PLACER    MINING. 
PRICES  GREATLY  REDUCED. 

Only  Refined  Silver  and  Best  Copper  nsed.    Over  3000  Orders  filled.    Fifteen   Medals  Awarded,    Old   Mining  Plates  can   be 

Replated,    Old  Plates  Bonght,  or  Qold  Separated, 

These  Plates  can  also  be  purchased  of  JOHN  TAiLOK  &  CO.,  Corner  mrat  and  Mission  Sts. 

San  Francisco  Gold,  Silver  and  Nickel  Plating  Works,  653  &  655  Mission  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  E.  G.  Denniston,  Prop'r. 

X  Our  Plates  have  been  used  for  20  years.    They  have  proved  the  best.    We  adhere  strictly  to  contract  In  weight  of  Sliver  and 

>       Copper.      SEND  FJB  OIBOUL.AB. 


90 


Mining ~ and  Scientific  'Press. 


[Feb.  1,  1890 


PROVED    BELT    FRUE   ORE  CONCENTRATOR. 


The  Best  Ore  Concentrator  in  the  market,  having  double 
the  Capacity  and  doing  its  work  as  close  as  the  plain  B^lt 
machiae,  while  its  concentrations  are  clean.  It  is  need  in 
a  number  of  Mills,  the  most  notable  of  which  ie.the 
Alaska  M.  &  M.  Go's  Mill,  where  24  Improved  Belt  Frues 
are  taking  the  Palp  from  120  Stamps,  crushing  350  tons 
per  day,  and  is  giving  entire  satisfaction  aa  against  4S 
plain  Belt  Machines,  taking  the  Pulp  from  the  other  120 
Stamps.  '     '- 


Price  of  Improved  Belt  Frue  Vanner,  $900,  f.  o.  b. 
Price  of  Plain  Belt  Frue  Vanner^  $575,  f.  o.  b. 


Protected  by  Patents  December  22, 1874;  September  2, 
1879;  April  27,  1880;  March  22,  1881;  February  20, 1883; 
September  18,  1883;  July  24,  1888.     Patents  applied  for. 


For  Pamphlets,  Testimonials  and  farther  inf^  — »tion 
apply  at  ofhce.  O^J  , 


^St, 


There  are  Over  2200  Plain  Belt  Machines  new 
in  Use. 

Thb  Montana  Company  (Limited),  London,  October  8, 1S85. 
Dear  Sirs  :— Having  tested  three  of  your  Frue  Vannere  in  a  com- 
petitive  trial  with  other  similar  machinps  (Triumph),  we  have  satisfled 
ourselves  of  the  superiority  of  your  Vaimers,  m  is  evidencad  by  the 
fact  of  our  having  ordered  20  more  of  your  machines  for  immediate 
delivery.     Yoara  truly,  THE  MONTANA  COMPANY  (Limited). 

N.  B.~Since  the  above  waa  written  the  20  Vanners,  haviner  been 
started,  gave  euch  satisfaction  that  44  additional  Frues  and  more 
stamps  have  been  purchased.  ADAMS    &    CARTER, 


ADAMS  &  CARTER,  Agents  .si|i^i^^^*^»'"MNG  MACHINE  CO.,  Room  15,  No.  132  Market  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


^'"'•^W, 


JOSHUA  HENDY  MACHINE  WORKS, 


(INCOEPOEATBD    SEPTEMBBE    29,    1882.) 


Nos.  39  to  51  Fremont  Street, 


San  Francisco,  OaL 


laniifactiirers  of  NEW  and  Dealers  in  SECOND-HAND  BOILERS,  ENGINES,  PDMPS  and  MACMERY 

"SENSIBLE"   HORSE  POWER   HOISTING  WHIMS. 


"  As  the  drum  it.  entirely  independent  from  the  driving  gccars,  the  opera- 
tions of  hoisting,  dumping  bucket  and  lowering  can  be  performed  with  the 
borsB  in  constant  motion,  a  feature  not  possessed  by  any  other  horee  hoist  in 
the  Eoarket,  and  one,  that  greatly  increases  their  capacity  by  avoiding  the 
loss  of  time  due  to  stopping  and  starting  the  horse. 

They  are  very  light  and  compact,' and  can  bo  packed  for  transportation 
by  mules.  Their  cost  of  erection  is  very  slight;  two  men,  in  half  a  day, 
being  able  to  put  one  m  place,  ready,  to  work. 

With  each  Whim,  working  drawings  are  furnished,,  showing  in  detail 
the  proper  construction  of  Gallows  Frame'  and  foundation  for  Hoisting 
Whim. 


These  Hoisting  Whims  are  built  entirely  of  iron 
and  steel,  mounted  on  a  heavy  base  plate,  and,  con- 
sequently, are  very  durable  and  cannot  be  affected  by 
extremes  of  either  cold  or  heat  or  climatic  influences. 

The  hoisting  drum  is  completely  under  the  control 
of  the  person  in  charge  of  the  hoisting  or  lowering 
throusfh  the  sliaft  of  the  mine. 


ROCK    AND   ORE    CARS. 


We  Carry  in  Stock  the  Follo'wing  Sizes,  viz.: 
UTO.    1. — 

Capacity  with  One  Horse  and  Single  Line,   800  Pounds,  75  Feet 

per  Minute. 
XQ-o.  2. — 

Capacity  with  One  Horse  and  Single  Line,  500  Pounds,  125  Feet 

per  Minute. 

'Weight  ot  Machine,  1200  Pounds.    Total  Shipping  'Weight,  Including 
Sweep,  Levers  and  Sheaves,  1400  Founds. 


CALIFORNIA    WIRE    WORKS 


M.iNUPACTUEERS  OP 

Steel  Wire   Rope, 

OP  ALL  KINDS  FOR 

CABLE  RAILWAYS, 

ROPEWAYS  and  TRAMWAYS, 

Mining,  Shipping  &  General  Purposes. 


:E:s^r'.iA.:^XjXsx-xx:x9  xssa.     x3Nroc3ft.FOZi.A.M?x:x3  X882. 


WIRE. 

BARBED  WIRE, 
WIRE  NAILS, 

WIRE  OLOTH. 

FuU  Assortment  Always  In  Stock. 


OFFICE: 

'SjFrempnt  Sireet,  San  Francisco. 

Send  for  Illuatrated  Catalog:ue. 


halli  die's 
Patent  VV'Re  Ropeway, 


For  the  Economical  and  Rapid 

Transportation    of    Ore 

and  other  material. 


Erected  by  Us  During  the  Past  Fourteen  Years  in  Sf  ans  o 

200  TO  2.000  FEET. 


Simple,  Economical  and  Durable. 


TBANSPORTATION    OF    OEE    BY    HAIMDIES    PATENT    WIRE    KOPBWAT. 


HAVE   BEEN  THOROUGHLY  TESTED 
In  all  Parts  of  the  Country. 


VOL.    LX.—  Number    6. 
DEWEY  A.  CO.,  PuoLiSHEfta. 


SAN    FRANCISCO,    SATURDAY,  FEBRUARY   8,   1890. 


Ttiree  Dollars  per  Annum. 

Single  Copies,  10  Cte. 


Concentration  of  Iron  Ore. 

Lut  year  John  Birklnbine  and  Thoa.  A. 
EdisOD  oontribated  to  the  Amerioaa  Inatitate 
of  Mining  Engloeere  a  paper  oa  the  above  aab* 
jeot,  whloh  gave  the  reaalts  of  concentrating 
magoetttea  in  several  parta  of  the  Eaatern 
Btatea.  In  their  paper  they  described  the  va* 
rioaa  magnetic  machines  need  for  concentrating 
these  ores.  Fig.  1  ehowa  the  Baohanan  sep- 
arator.  wbioh  consisted  of  a  pair  of  rolls  and  a 
large  horaeahoe  magnet  properly  wound  (as 
shown  in  outline).  It  waa  employed  in  sep- 
arating magnetite  from  the  fine  sea  sand  from 
the  ahorea  of  Long  Island  sonnd,  and  an  exten- 
aive  plant  waa  sent  to  New  Zealand,  where  the 
aea  sand  carries  a  remarkable  amount  of  finely 
commlunted  magnetite. 

A  pair  of  these  roUa  has  lately  been  operated 
at  the  Croton  magnetite  mines,  near  Brewstera, 
N.  Y.,  by  the  Measre.  Cheever,  to  prepare  con- 
oentratee  from  the  waste-piles  of  lean  ore.  The 
ore,  a  dense  magnetite,  is  reduced  by  jaw* 
omahera  and  Comiah  rolls  ao  aa  to  pass  through 
16-meBh  screens. 

The  Weastrom  magnetlo  Fig.  2  separator  has 
a  stationary  field  magnet  and  an  armature  bar- 
rel oonalsting  of  a  number  of  soft  iron  bars, 
separated  from  one  another  by  a  non-magnetio 
material.  The  whole  la  bound  together  by 
Don-magnetio  end-rings.  The  bars  are  out  away 
alternately  on  the  inside  to  make  one  bar  pro- 
ject only  toward  the  north  polea  of  the  magnet 
and  the  next  only  toward  the  south  pole.  This 
gives  each  succeeding  bar  opposite  magnetism. 
On  each  of  the  four  sections  of  the  magnet  are 
wound  15  pounds  of  copper  wire.  An  Edison 
dynamo  furnishes  a  current  of  ten  amperes  and 
33  volts.  The  ore  is  fed  in  the  barrel  from  a 
hopper.  The  magnetite  adheres  to  the  bars 
of  the  barrel  and  is  carried  downward  past 
the  first  delivery  shute.  Balow  the  ma- 
chine the  bars,  departing  from  the  influence  of 


CONCEtiTRATES 


CONCENTRATEa 


Fig.  3. 

MAGNETS 


MAGNE3TIO    MACHINES    FOB    OONCENTBATINQ    BLACK    SAND. 


the  electro- magnet,  which  is  placed  eooentrio- 
ally,  lose  their  power  to  hold  the  particles  of 
magnetic  iron-ore  and  they  drop  off.  The  parti- 
cles of  rook  in  the  ore  being  non-magnetic  drop 
from  the  barrel  almost  immediately  and  fall 
on  the  firet  abate  shown  in  the  engraving. 

The  Conkling  magnetic  separator  is  a  belt 
maohine  of  the  general  form  indicated  by  Fig, 
3,  which  merely  shows  the  principle  and  not 
the  detail.     The   ore  ia  fed   on  a  belt  and  car- 


ried along  under  a  aeries  of  belts,  running  at 
right  angles  to  the  first.  These  oross-belts 
pass  between  the  magnets  and  the  ore  lying  on 
the  distribating  belt,  and  may  be  placed  at  va- 
rying distances  from  the  latter.  As  the  ore, 
reduced  to  the  proper  size,  passes  along  on  the 
distributing  belt,  the  magnetic  belta,  which 
may  be  influenoed  by  magnets  of  different  pow- 
ers, pick  up  and  carry  to  one  side  the  magnetic 
particles  of  the  ore,  -while  the  non-magnetio 


portion  of  the  gangue  is  carried  off  aa  tailings. 
The  Ediaon  nuipolar  non-contact  electric  sep- 
arator differa  from  the  forms  deaorlbed  in  that 
it  haa  no  moving  parta.  Except  anoh  facilities 
for  altering  the  relative  position  of  the  parta  aa 
are  eaaential  for  adjustment  in  treating  differ- 
ent ores,  or  are  required  to  secure  certain  re- 
anlts,  all  parta  of  the  apparatus  are  fixed.  The 
separator,  which  ia  illustrated  by  Fig.  4,  oon- 
siats  simply  of  a  hopper,  a  magnet  and  a  parti- 
tion to  separate  the  conoentrates  and  tailings 
into  different  receptacles.  The  illuatration 
shows  but  one  hopper,  but  in  practice  the  ore 
can  pass  on  each  aide  of  the  magnet,  thus 
doabling  the  capacity.  The  aimplicity  of  the 
oonatruotion,  which  is  the  result  of  patient  and 
thorough  investigation  of  many  different  de- 
signs and  methods,  will  commend  Itself. 

The  ore  after  being  properly  crnahed  and 
aized  ia  placed  in  hoppers,  from  which  ita  dis- 
charge is  oontrolled  by  bars  closing  slots  which 
extend  the  length  of  the  hopper.  These  slotB 
are  made  adjustable  ao  as  to  suit  the  aize  to 
which  the  ore  haa  been  reduced.  The  hoppem 
are  adjusted  to  appropriate  hights  above  the 
magnet. 

The  material  falling  from  the  hopper  passes 
the  face  of  the  magnet,  but  does  not  touch  it. 
The  distance  of  the  magnet  from  the  vertical 
planeJofKthe  falling  material  ia  ao  chosen  that 
ita  attraction  oauaea  the  magnetic  to  aeparate 
from  the  non-magnetio  particles  sufficiently  to 
alter  their  direction.  By  reason  of  the  force 
of  gravity,  this  defleotion  of  the  trajectory, 
while  sufficient  to  draw  the  magnetic  particles 
away  from  the^Jnon- magnetic,  does  not  draw 
them  against  the  magnet,  bat  should  any  ore 
accumulate  on  the  magnet  it  can  be  in- 
stantly dropped  by  breaking  the  current.  The 
exact  distance,  however,  ia  maintained  so  that 
none  can  stick  to  the  magnet.  Owing  to  the 
altered  trajectory  the  magnetic  ore  falls  upon 
one  side  of  the  partition,  which  is  so  adjaated 
aa  to  secure  the  best  resalt,  while  the 
gangue  material  drops  upon  the  opposite 
side. 

In  many  ores  there  are  particles  of  mag- 
netite attached  to  some  non-magnetic  ma- 
terial which  prevents  them  being  carried 
over  with  the  concentrates,  but  cause 
them  to  be  drawn  snffioieutly  from  the 
vertical  to  separate  them  from  thetailiugs, 
or  when  the  atream  of  material  permita 
several  layers  to  paaa  the  magnet  simul- 
taneously, particles  of  non-magnetic  ma- 
terial may  retard  the  movements  of  mag- 
netic portions  so  that  they  do  not  paas  into 
the  conoentratea.  In  auch  caaea  an  inter- 
mediate grade  ia  collected  called  the 
**  mugwump,"  because  it  Is  neither  con- 
centratea  nor  tailings.  This  mugwump 
may  be  returned  to  the  hoppers  or  passed 
before  a  second  magnet.  A  series  of 
magnets  may  be  arranged  so  the  concen- 
trates, mugwumps  or  tails  are  each  sub- 
jected, as  in  other  machines  herein  de- 
scribed, to  repeated  magnetic  influenoe, 
thus  insuring  more  perfect  separation, 
and  maintaining  the  capacity  which  is  a 
strong  point  of  the  Edison  apparatus.  The 
capacity  of  a  two-face  machine  is  300  tons 
per  day. 


SILVBB    MILLl^FOB£OBUSHINa    OBE3     DBY-SeepageS 


As  but  ten  members  of  the  Academy  of 
Sciences  attended  the  meeting  on  Monday 
last,  an  adjournment  waa  taken  for  want 
of  basineas  and  a  quorum. 


92 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Feb.  8,  1890 


COf^F^ESPOJ^DE>'CE, 


We  admit,  unindorsed,  opinions  of  correspondents.— fiDS. 


Copperopolis. 

The    New    Copper    Smelter. 
[From  Our  Own  Correspondent.] 

The  saow  and  acoompanying  rain  haB  retard- 
ed mining  operationa  thronghont  the  State, 
Oalaveraa  county,  with  Copperopolis  included, 
has  come  in  for  its  share  of  **  the  beautiful." 
Notwithstanding  the  uninterrupted  storm,  op- 
erations have  been  continued  right  along, 
while  the  outdoor  work  has  necessarily  been 
checked.  The  superintendent,  Mr,  J.  A. 
Feraon,  has  found  plenty  of  rainy-day  work 
for  all  hands.  The  works  of  the  company  are 
now  on  80  extended  a  scale  that  it  is  but  a  shift 
from  one  job  to  another  on  the  part  of  the  men, 
but  the  results  are  not  the  same  at  present,^  as 
the  storms  put  out  the  fires  in  the  roasting- 
piles  and  prevent  the  completion  of  the  smelter. 
This  smelter  is  "  Lakes'  patent  blast  furnace  of 
the  Orford  Copper  Co.  of  New  York." 

The  manufacturers  claim  superiority  over 
other  copper  smelters  by  reason  of  the  peculiar 
construction  of  the  "Orford."  This  consists 
mainly  in  an  air-box  underneath  the  hearth, 
thus  saving  the  making  of  immense  copper  bot- 
toms and  consequent  expense  in  removing  the 
same;  the  greater  ease  with  which  the  smelter 
can  be  regulated,  and  the  increased  output. 
The  4^xll-foot  furnace  has  a  capacity  of 
200  tons  of  ore  a  day  (24  houre),  and  an 
average  capacity  of  125  tons  a  day, 
handling  the  ores  of  the  Union  mine  at  a  cost 
of  $4.75  a  ton.  The  smelter  is  not  an  experi- 
ment, but  is  in  successful  operation  at  this 
time  at  the  Orford  Copper  Works,  N.  J.,  Or- 
ford Nickel  &  Copper  Works,  Capleton,  Conn., 
and  the  Butte  Reduction  Works,  Montana, 
The  owners  of  the  patents  show  their  faith  in 
their  smelter  by  guaranteeing  its  successful 
and  profitable  operation  on  ten-per-oent  ore. 
Of  course  these  results  are  not  obtained  by  the 
merits  of  the  smelter  alone,  but  are  due  in  good 
part  to  the  knowledge  of  the  manager  in  charge. 

On  this  plant  Mr.  F.  F.  Hunt,  formerly  of 
the  Butte  Reduction  Works,  has  been  placed 
in  charge,  and  everything  goes  to  show  that 
under  him  the  smelter  will  do  all  that  is 
claimed  for  it. 

The  smelter  will,  for  the  present,  be  used 
only  as  a  concentrating  plant,  making  copper 
matte  of  45  per  cent,  which  will  be  shipped  to 
the  Orford  Reduction  Works  in  N.  J.  This 
smelter  can  be  set  up  in  New  York  for  $2500. 
The  Copperopolis  smelting  plant,  when  com- 
plete in  all  parts,  will  cost  $15,000  to  $18,000. 

All  of  the  ores  of  the  min.es  carrying  less  than 
10  per  cent  of  copper  will  be  roasted  and  leached; 
those  over  10  per  cent  smelted.  The  smelter 
and  roasting  and  leaching  plant  will  handle  300 
to  400  tons  of  ore  a  day,  and  give  emplovmenfc 
to  an  average  force  of  150  men.  Mr.  Feraon 
has  kept  a  force  of  miners  steadily  at  work  in 
shaft  No,  1,  sinking  the  same  an  additional  140 
feet  and  rnnniug  levels,  everything  beiug 
pushed  as  steadily  and  rapidly  as  the  weather 
will  permit.  Bat  for  the  long  siege  of  "misti- 
ness," the  Copperopolis  plant  would  now  be  in 
full  operation;  and  Mr.  Ferson,  together  with 
the  owners  of  the  mine,  rewarded  bj'  a  hand- 
some output  from  the  best  equipped  copper 
plant  in  the  State.  E.  H.  Schaeffle. 

Murphys,  Cal,  Jan,  B5,  '90. 

InspectioH  of  Mines. 

Editors  Press  : — In  a  late  issue  of  the  Min- 
ing AND  Scientific  Press,  I  notice  an  article 
entitled  "Prevention  of  Mine  Accidents." 
The  writer  is  certainly  not  well  posted  when 
making  the  assertion  that  "  we  have  no  gov- 
ernmental or  State  officials  to  inspect  mines  and 
Bee  that  proper  precautions  are  taken  against 
mine  accidents,"  unless  he  refers  only  to  Cali- 
fornia and  Nevada.  That  all  the  large  coal- 
producing  States  have  oorps  of  inspectors  for 
the  past  15  years  is  a  well-known  fact.  Of  the 
metalliferous  mining  States,  Michigan  has  six 
inspectors  in  the  iron  and  copper  producing 
counties;  Missouri  one,  whose  duty  demands  of 
him  to  inspect  the  lead  and  zino  mines  of  that 
State;  Montana  has  recently  appointed  a  State 
Inspector,  and  Colorado  has  a  State  Inspector 
of  Mines  and  three  assistants. 

To  prove  to  you  that  the  office  is  ho  sinecure, 
I  would  state  that  in  the  last  six  months  of  '89, 
in  my  official  capacity  (Inspector  of  3d  Dis- 
trict of  Colorado)  I  visited  and  examined  °  into 
the  methods  of  working  over  200  mines.  While 
the  majority  of  the  mines  were  found  to  be 
working  under  intelligent  management,  and 
with  a  due  regard  for  the  health  and  safety 
of  the  toilers  underground,  still  many  were 
found  in  bad  shape,  and  demands  upon  owners 
and  managers  for  betterments  were  made,  and 
have  been  complied  with. 

Statistics  carefully  prepared  prove  what  is 
not  generally  known — that  there  are  far 
more  accidents  to  the  number  employed 
in  metalliferous  mines  than  in  ooal  mines. 
A  miner  icjared  here,  and  killed  over  there, 
in  the  aggregate  make  a  list,  if  compiled  annu- 
ally, that  is  atartling;  and  the  question  arises, 
how  can  those  accidents  be  prevented?  That 
many  so-called  accidents  are  better  termed 
suicides  is  a  faot.    For  instance,  many  who  are 


injured  and  killed  by  explosions  in  our  mines, 
contributed  toward  the  result  by  acts  of  their 
own  carelessness.  Very  few  mine  managers 
favor  accidents  of  any  kind,  but  that  they  do 
often  work  their  mines  without  any  regard  to 
proper  ventilation,  and  thus  compel  the  work- 
men to  breathe  the  poisonous  gases  given  off 
from  the  strata  and  from  decaying  timbers,  ex- 
plosions of  powder,  candle  smoke,  and  so  forth, 
is  a  fact  also.  More  miners  die  from  being 
"leaded"  and  "miners'  consumption,"  from 
the  lack  of  pure  air,  than  from  all  accidents  in 
the  mines;  and  much  good  in  this  respect  fol- 
lows the  passing  of  wise  inspection  laws.  The 
law  in  this  State  is  in  its  incipiency  and  does 
not  meet  fully  the  requirements  of  the  mining 
industry  of  Colorado.  Many  valuable  sections 
of  the  bill  introduced  were  cut  out  in  its  pass- 
age through  the  Legislature;  but  that  good  will 
be  accomplished  by  the  imperfect  bill  passed 
all  will  readily  agree. 

George  Kislingeury, 

Asst.  Inspector  of  Mines. 
Silverton,  Colorado. 


Calif ornians  in  Antwerp  and  London. 

Editors  Press: — Yon  can  hardly  realize  how 
happy  we  are  that  we  are  in  a  land  where  the 
English  tongue  is  spoken,  and  are  understood 
and  can  understand.  For  nearly  two  months 
we  have  been  where  not  one  in  a  thousand 
oould  communicate  to  us  in  an  intelligible  man- 
ner. It  has  been  by  either  signs,  pantomime, 
demonstrations,  exemplification,  or  broken 
jargon.  We  have  ridden  whole  days  with  in- 
telligent foreigners,  through  their  own  country, 
who,  no  doubt,  were  well  informed  of  its  his- 
tory and  doings,  and  all  that  some  of  them  were 
able  to  say  in  our  language  was  "  sheep," 
*•  knife,"  and  such  words. 

We  had  Gaze's  tourist  tickets,  which  saved 
us  a  great  amount  of  trouble.  Our  tickets 
were  mostly  printed  in  Eaglish  on  one  side,  and 
the  language  of  the  country  in  which  we  trav- 
eled on  the  other.  The  names  of  the  places 
through  which  we  traveled  are  neither  spelled 
nor  pronounced  as  we  spell  and  pronounce  them, 
and  it  is  almost  impossible  to  tell  when  you  are 
at  a  place  where  you  wish  to  stop  from  the 
guard's  pronunciation.  All  five  of  us  had  to 
frequently  consult  our  map,  tickets,  and  name 
of  tne  station  pretty  sharply,  before  we  could 
fully  decide  whether  to  alight  from  the  car.  It 
frequently  resulted  in  sharp  and  amusing  dis> 
cuBsions.  It  seems  so  good  to  get  where  the 
English  language  is  spoken  that  we  feel  we  are 
almost  home  again. 

We  staid  in  Antwerp  (Anvers)  one  night. 
Antwerp  is  no  such  a  city  as  Brussels — less  life, 
less  business,  poorer  class  of  buildings,  dirty 
streets,  not  so  well-dressed  citizens,  and  not  in 
such  good  circumstances,  and  do  not  show  such 
thrift.  The  Grand  hotel  that  we  stopped  at 
was  three  times  too  large  for  the  amount  of 
business  they  were  doing  and  seemed  to  be  an 
elephant  on  their  hands.  They  charge  you  so 
much  a  day  if  you  take  wine  at  dinner;  if  not, 
they  charge  you  a  little  more  for  the  room.  If 
they  cannot  make  their  profits  on  wine,  they 
will  make  it  up  on  the  room. 

When  I  was  paying  my  bill  a  temperate 
Englishman  was  reading  a  lesson  to  the  propri- 
etor for  his  method  of  doing  business.  The 
landlord  claimed  there  was  more  profit  on 
wine  than  board,  I  think  that  was  an  honest 
and  candid  statement.  They  charge  for  a  com- 
mon kind  of  table  claret  not  less  than  about 
$2.50  a  gallon,  3  to  3^  francs  a  bottle.  That 
seems  rather  dear  wben  it  can  be  bought  in 
California  for  about  15  cents  a  gallon  by  the 
wholesale. 

Antwerp  has  a  fine,  large  cathedral  with 
lofty  and  well-shaped  spire.  The  interior  is 
built  after  the  same  style  as  most  of  those  that 
we  have  seen — high  arched  roof  supported  by 
large  fiuted  columns.  It  has  some  marvelous 
wood-catving,  saintly  pictures  and  numerous 
crucifixes  in  all  parts  of  the  church. 

A  good  many  devotional  persons  were  present 
to  listen  to  and  participate  in  high  mass,  which 
was  being  repeated  by  five  or  six  priests  in 
their  wonderful  tinseled  robes. 

There  is  a  very  good  picture  gallery  here,  and, 
to  my  notion,  some  of  the  best  pictures  I  have 
seen  on  this  side.  They  are  large,  bold  and 
more  life-like,  and  show  splendid  coloring. 
Rubens,  the  great  painter,  has  quite  a  number 
of  his  works  here.  One  of  his  masterpieces, 
*'  The  Descent  from  the  Cross,"  is  in  the  cathe- 
dral. 

High  earthworks  and  walls  are  built  around 
the  city.  The  bank  of  the  river  next  the  city 
is  walled  up  with  large  ctt|i  granite,  making  a 
splendid  dock  for  nearly  half  a  mile,  covered 
with  iron  and  glass  sheds.  They  have  the 
largest  and  best  conditioned  horses  here  that  I 
have  seen  in  any  country.  They  are  used  on 
trucks  to  haul  freight  and  ooal  around  the 
dock.  The  most  degrading  thing  I  saw  here 
was  two  large  young  girls,  18  or  20  years  old, 
unloading  a  car  of  fruit  in  baskets  and  putting 
them  50  yards  away  nnder  a  shed.  A  young, 
stout  man  was  on  the  car  handing  the  baskets 
to  the  girls.  I  should  judge  the  baskets  weighed 
50  or  60  pounds.  Longshoremen  were  working 
all  about  them  on  cars  and  boats.  The  girls 
did  not  seem  to  mind  it  more  than  they  would 
to  carry  a  handful  of  wood  or  coal  into  the 
house.  I  do  not  think  the  girls  were  employed 
at  the  dock,  but  came  in  with  the  car  from  the 
orchard  to  unload  it. 

Some  200  yards  back  and  parallel  to  the  dock 
ia  a  channel  basin  or  harbor  nearly  a  quarter  of  a 
mile  long  and  200  feet  wide,  dug  out  and  walled 


np  with  large  cut  granite  for  canal-boats, 
schooners  and  sloops  to  load  and  unload.  There 
are  two  or  three  sets  of  heavy  flood-gates  that 
close  the  water  in  at  high  tide  and  bring  the 
vessels  near  the  top  of  the  dock;  otherwise  it 
would  be  difficult  to  discharge  their  cargoes 
on  account  of  the  extreme  high  and  low  tide. 
Coal  and  mussels  seemed  to  be  the  chief  traffic, 
I  saw  several  cargoes  of  the  black  mussels  be- 
ing unloaded  into  sacks,  barrows  and  carts, 
which  the  women  draw  around  the  streets,  and 
when  they  find  a  purchaser  will  stop  their  cart 
and  open  the  mussels  the  same  as  oysters.  The 
little  children  around  the  dock  go  for  them  just 
as  ours  do  for  gum.  I  learn  that  they  wiU 
spoil  in  a  few  days  unless  kept  in  salt  water. 
They  seem  to  be  used  as  a  substitute  for 
oysters. 

Antwerp  is  a  famous  place  for  making  the 
dogs  work,  and  I  must  confess  that  1  had  but 
little  idea  of  the  amount  of  work  that  could  be 
got  out  of  a  dog,  and  the  dog  eujoy  it.  I  saw 
three  dogs  to  one  cart,  and  they  running  and 
barking  as  though  it  was  real  fun  for  them. 
They  have  a  little  cart  with  shafts,  and  when 
the  master  is  gone  too  long  with  his  milk  they 
will  lie  down  and  rest. 

Most  all  dogs  on  the  continent  are  muzzled 
with  leather  or  wire,  and  are  led  when  on  the 
streets.  They  have  some  of  the  largest  dogs 
over  here  I  ever  saw. 

Orosslns  the  Ohannel. 
Thursday  was  very  rainy  and  windy  and  we 
dreaded  crossing  the  channel  in  the  night,  as 
we  had  to  leave  at  6  o'clock  p.  m.  The  Col- 
chester was  a  good-sized,  stroog  vessel,  and  I 
believed  she  would  take  us  over  safely  even  if 
she  did  shake  us  up  some.  As  the  sun  went 
down,  so  did  the  wind  somewhat.  The  arm  of 
the  channel  makes  np  to  Antwerp,  a  distance 
something  like  20  miles,  and  it  was  about  12 
o'clock  before  the  vessel  began  to  rook  us  to 
sleep.  I  had  a  good  berth  and  did  not  pay 
much  attention  to  her  cutting  up.  The  ladies 
did  not  enjoy  the  trip  very  much,  and  looked 
pale  and  restless  the  next  morning. 

In  England. 

We  arrived  at  Harwich  the  next  morning  at 
5  o'clock,  about  90  miles  across  the  Eaglish 
channel.  Took  train  at  6,  and  arrived  in  Lon- 
don at  9  o'clock  A.  M.  There  had  been  a  good 
deal  of  rain  of  late,  and  the  trees  and  grass 
looked  green  and  fresh  as  spring. 

We  return  to  hf>dge  fences  and  leave  most  of 
the  tile  roofing.  We  have  left  the  flat  country, 
and  now  we  find  it  rolling,  which  is  a  pleasant 
relief.  We  find  a  good  deal  of  grain  and  tur- 
nips in  the  fields;  some  few  apple  orchards. 
We  see  a  good  class  of  buildings,  and  but  little 
timber  land.  The  tall  brick  chimney  is  seen 
all  over  England  and  Scotland,  and  it  indicates 
manufactures  and  industry. 

London  appears  to  be  just  as  large,  just  as 
busy  and  mysterious  as  she  was  six  weeks  ago. 
I  can  hardly  realize  that  I  am  in  such  a  large 
city — the  very  financial  and  business  center  of 
the  world.  There  is  a  market  and  a  price  for 
anyth  ng  and  everything  that  is  capable  of 
moving  or  having  a  being. 

I  had  a  desire  to  see  the  Qaeen's  horses,  kept 
at  Buckingham  palace,  on  exhibition  between  2 
and  4  each  day,  I  had  a  ticket  of  admission 
during  the  Shah's  visit  in  London,  but  the 
horses  and  men  were  kept  so  busy  the  horses 
and  coaches  could  not  be  kept  in  a  condition 
for  exhibition,  so  visitors  were  excluded  for  a 
few  days.  Finally,  presenting  my  ticket  to  a 
large,  well-fed  and  well  kept  man  with  tall  hat 
with  rosette,  red  coat  and  knee  breeches, 
signed  my  name  in  a  register-book  under  a  San 
Francisco  man  who  had  just  passed  the  rounds 
before  me. 

This  red-coated  man  signaled  to  a  tall,  young, 
fine-looking  man  in  black  to  show  me  around, 
which  be  did  in  a  gentlemanly  and  intelligent 
way. 

The  horsES  were  kept  in  a  number  of  stables, 
and  the  most  I  saw  in  any  one  stable  was  36, 
These  36  were  bays  with  black  points  and  about 
16  hands  high,  and  groomed  until  they  glisten- 
ed. No  two  could  be  picked  out  but  what  would 
make  good  matches.  Another  stable  contained 
10  or  12  bay  saddle  horses  for  grooms,  servants 
and  outriders. 

The  largo  carriage  is  a  marvel  of  size  and 
workmanship.  It  takes  eight  horses  to  pull  it, 
is  120  years  old  and  took  five  years  to  build  it; 
two  kings  and  Qaeen  Victoria  rode  in  it  to  be 
crowned — Victoria  when  she  was  19.  One  of 
the  great  masters  from  Italy  came  over  and 
painted  the  panels,  which  are  said  to  be  unsur- 
passed in  artlstia  skill  and  seem  quite  fresh 
now.  The  carriage  part  rests  on  thorough 
braces,  and  is  so  nicely  poised  that  a  person 
with  one  hand  can  rock  it  with  ease. 

There  is  a  wide,  long  inclosnre  with  tanbark 
floor  to  exercise  the  horses  on  in  bad  weather, 
I  have  not  seen  a  balky  horse,  mule  or  dog,  or 
a  runaway  on  this  side,  I  have  seen  horses 
stuck  with  overloads,  but  they  would  pull 
every  time  they  were  called  on,  I  have  seen 
horse  cars  operated  in  every  city  that  we  have 
visited  except  Venice  and  have  not  seen  one  car 
run  off  the  track.  The  upper  side  of  the  rail 
to  a  street  car  ia  divided  by  a  groove  running 
the  entire  length,  the  wheel  resting  on  the 
larger  part  of  the  rail,  while  the  flange  or  rim  of 
the  wheel  runs  in  the  groove,  the  smaller  part 
of  the  rail  being  on  the  inside.  By  that  means 
the  car  never  runs  off  the  track.  The  track 
lies  level  with  the  street  and  carriages  paas 
over  it  without  damage  or  any  perceptible  dif- 
ference. Most  every  city  has  some  little  differ- 
ence in  the  mode  of  collecting  fares.     The  bell- 


punch  method  seems  to  be  used  as  much  as  any 
kind.  Most  every  one  gives  a  small  card  as 
receipt,  with  the  amount  paid  printed  on  it. 

I  was  in  London  during  the  great  dock  strike 
and  saw  them  parade  the  streets  several  times 
with  their  banners,  bands  of  music,  bundles  of 
bones  tied  to  sticks  suspended  in  the  air,  and  a 
blockade  of  London  bridge,  so  that  the  traffic 
of  teams  and  buses  was  suspended  for  a  long 
time.  When  you  take  into  consideration  the 
thousands  of  teams  that  pass  over  London 
bridge  every  hour,  yon  can  judge  something  of 
the  distance  the  blockade  extended  on  either 
side. 

I  was  sitting  on  the  top  of  a  "  bus  "  on  the 
south  side  of  the  Thames  looking  on  as  patiently 
as  my  nerves  would  admit  during  the  passage  of 
this  throng.  The  men  seemed  well  dressed, 
and  looked  and  acted  like  intelligent  men,  and 
made  but  little  disturbance  lor  such  a  large 
gathering. 

Quite  a  body  of  soldiers  followed  them  np,  to 
quell  disturbance,  I  presume.  As  near  as  I 
could  learn,  I  concladed  the  strikers  were  jus- 
tified in  making  demands  for  more  pay  for 
their  work. 

Hundreds  of  vessels  were  in  and  coming  all 
the  time  with  cargoes  on  either  side  of  the 
river  and  at  anchor  in  the  stream,  which  could 
not  be  unloaded  for  want  of  labor.  It  appeared 
the  dock-owners  have  invested  so  much  in  the 
docks  that  they  do  not  receive  the  dividends 
they  desire  and  were  trying  to  make  up  from 
labor. 

We  left  London  at  2  p.  m.  for  Liverpool  via 
London  &  Northwestern  road,  a  distance  of 
about  200  miles,  and  arrived  at  6:23  F.  M.,  4 
hours  and  23  minutes,  with  three  stops.  It 
was  good,  healthy  riding  wben  a  man  wants  to 
get  a  change  of  fresh  air. 

I  did  not  suppose  there  was  so  much  grain 
grown  in  England.  Some  of  it  lay  flat  on  the 
ground  and  grass  growing  up  through  it.  The 
larger  proportion  was  in  shocks,  but  a  good 
deal  was  bound,  but  still  lying  on  the  ground. 
It  has  been  very  wet  since  harvesting  began, 
and  farmers  have  not  been  able  to  put  their 
grain  in  the  stack  yet.  The  fields  looked  green 
and  beautiful.  I  think  they  sow  clover  with 
the  grain,  as  I  see  it  coming  up  in  fine  style  in 
all  the  grain-fields.  I  should  think  the  grain 
was  wheat,  barley  and  oats,  but  we  went  so 
fast  through  the  country  it  was  impossible  to 
tell. 

00  Saturday  we  took  a  run  over  to  Dublin, 
via  Holyhead,  an  extreme  point  that  makes 
out  from  Wales.  It  takes  a  little  over  four 
hours  from  Liverpool  to  Holyhead  on  the  cars, 
and  about  the  same  time  on  the  boat  toBublin, 
The  weather  was  fine  and  water  smooth  for  the 
Irish  Channel.  Dublin  is  quite  a  business 
place,  and  a  vast  amount  of  money  has  been 
spent  on  the  seawalls,  lighthouses  and  walling 
np  the  banks  of  the  River  Lifi'ey  for  a  long  dis- 
tance through  the  city.  She  has  fine  docks, 
where  tbey  close  the  vessels  in  at  high  tide  the 
same  as  Liverpool. 

In  the  streets  of  Dublin  are  several  statues 
and  columns  of  some  of  Ireland's  celebrated 
men.  The  old  Parliament  House  from  the  ont- 
side  looks  like  a  Roman  amphitheater.  It  is 
used  now  for  the  Bank  of  Ireland.  For  some 
distance  around  this  square  every  other  build- 
ing seems  to  be  occnpiod  as  an  insurance  office. 

1  thought  I  had  seen  poor  people  enough  in 
Liverpool,  bare-headed  and  bare-footed  women 
and  children,  but  this  surpasses  everything  seen 
before.  How  a  city  will  allow  its  unfortunates 
to  walk  its  streets  in  such  abominable  filth  and 
rags  I  cannot  conceive.  Perhaps  these  few  are 
an  exception,  for  most  of  the  people  were  well 
dressed  and  looked  like  industrious  people. 

I  should  never  su^pact  that  I  was  treading 
on  the  green  turf  or  oid  Ireland,  or  in  the 
sound  of  the  twang  of  Erin's  harp,  by  the  brogue 
or  pronunciation  of  its  citizens,  I  did  not  bear 
as  much  brogue  as  I  would  in  one  day  in  Sac- 
ramento. 

The  fashionable  or  most  used  conveyance 
here  is  the  jaunting  car,  or  "outside."  It  is 
built  over  two  small,  stout  wheels.  Four  per- 
sons sit  over  the  wheels,  with  backs  to  each 
other,  facing  outward;  the  other  two  with 
backs  to  each  other,  one  toward  the  horse  and 
the  other  to  the  rear.  They  ride  very  easily 
and  every  stranger  wishes  to  try  one.  I  be- 
came quite  interested  in  the  city  and  regretted 
very  much  that  we  could  not  take  a  little  more 
time  to  look  around  here  and  through  the 
country.  We  went  baok  on  Monday  in  the 
same  boat,  the  Rose.  The  weather  was  not 
very  pleasant;  cold  wind  and  fog,  and  a  little 
motion  to  the  boat,  which  made  some  of  the 
ladles  look  over  the  side  of  the  boat  and  make 
up  awful  faces  to  some  imaginary  demon 
down  below. 

We  performed  the  feat  of  going  around  the 
river  Mersey  the  same  as  you  would  go  around 
a  log.  We  first  went  nnder  it  in  the  oars 
through  the  tunnel,  then  we  braced  ourselves 
up  a  little  with  some  tea  and  lunch  at  Birk- 
enhead and  then  returned  on  the  ferry-boat. 
It  took  about  three  minutes  to  pass  through. 
It  is  a  double  track  arched  over  with  brick. 
Ferry-boits  and  ships  passed  over  our  heads 
as  frequent  as  horse-oars  in  the  streets.  A 
great  deal  of  walking  has  to  be  done  at  either 
end  to  get  down  or  up  from  the  cars.  The 
fog  is  BO  dark  to-day  that  I  had  to  move  np 
close  to  the  window  to  see  to  write,  and  the 
merchants  on  the  other  side  of  the  street  had 
to  light  their  gas.  I  suppose  this  is  what  is 
called  the  black  fog  of  London,  It  is  so  near 
a  rain  that  about  half  of  the  people  are  carry- 
ing umbrellas. 

This  is  the  last  letter  I  shall  send  to   the 


Feb.  8,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  PRESS.^ 


93 


PaE.s.s  from  this  side.  If  they  have  served  to 
amuse  or  initruot  its  readers,  I  shall  feel  fully 
oompensated  for  my  trouble.  Those  letters 
have  been  written  more  as  a  matter  of  duty 
than  anything  else.  If  any  of  my  fellow* 
Grangers  sboutd  make  a  similar  tour,  I  should 
most  certainly  expect  them  to  give  their  im- 
preesions  of  the  country  and  people  to  their 
fullow-members  left  behind.  * 

I  hardly  know  what  disagreeable  things  there 
may  be  in  store  for  me  arising  from  writing 
these  letters.  A  part  of  one  of  my  letters  was 
published  in  a  Glasgow  paper  and  out  out  and 
underlined  and  sent  to  a  friend  of  mine  for  me 
to  see. 

The  press  and  my  friends  have  noticed  me, 
and  why  cannot  X  take  the  same  consolation 
that  a  man  did  when  he  boasted  to  his  oom- 
pauion  that  Gen.  Jaokson  had  spoken  to  him 
during;  the  procession  to  his  inauguration.  One 
asked  him  what  the  General  said  to  blm.  The 
General  told  him  if  he  did  not  get  out  of  his 
way  he  would  allow  him  to  sit  on  the  toe  of  his 
bout  standing  up. 

We  expect  by  to-morrow  night  at  this  time 
the  bow  of  the  good  ship  City  of   Rome  will  be 


The  Olive  in  CaJifornia. 

There  ia  so  great  interest  at  present  In  the 
growth  of  the  olive  in  this  State,  beoanse  of 
the  notable  suooess  attained  by  the  pioneers  In 
this  apeoialty  in  California,  that  the  views 
which  we  present  on  this  page  will  be  welcome 
to  many  readers.  When  we  speak  of  onr  plo- 
neera  In  olive  culture  we  do  not  mean  the 
padres,  though  they  were  pioneers  par  excel- 
Unee,  and  not  only  demonstrated  the  suo- 
oess of  the  olive  on  this  ooast,  but  secured  in 
some  way  a  variety  which  now  bears  the  name 
of  their  establishmentB  and  does  not  yet  yield 
the  palm  of  excellence  to  other  later-coming 
varieties  from  Europe,  although  It  may  have  to 
share  the  honor  with  them.  Though  the 
padres  did  grandly  under  their  conditions,  it 
remained  for  another  race  of  pioneers,  about  a 
century  later,  to  bring  olive  culture  upon  its 
present  basis  commercially  and  indufttrially. 
While  we  recognize  Cooper  of  Santa  Birbara 
with  bis  obaraoteristic  care  in  inveatigation 
and  liberality  in  investment,  and   the  Kimballe 


newer  plantations.  It  is  the  praotioe  to  plant 
vines  and  peaches  between  the  rows  of  olives, 
with  the  idea  of  giving  the  latter  the  whole 
gronnd  when  they  need  It.  The  appllanoes  for 
oil  and  wine  making  on  the  farm  are  well 
adapted  to  the  purposes,  and  the  establishment 
has  a  reputation  far  and  near  for  enterprise 
and  intelligence  in  its  management  and  de- 
velopment. 

New  Mexican  Camps. 

Cooney  Camp  Is  in  the  southwestern  portion 
of  Socorro  county  and  has  a  number  of  valuable 
mines,  bat  there  Is  a  need, of  mills  to  reduoe  the 
low-grade,  free-milling  ores.  Kingston  is  a 
bustling  roining'Oamp  about  seven  years  old. 
From  the  Lady  Franklin  mine,  one  of  the  half* 
dozen  mines  on  the  hill,  over  a  million  and  a 
half  of  silver  dollars  have  been  taken,  with 
many  thousands  In  gold  oat  of  mere  prospect* 
holes.  From  the  Comstook,  adjoining,  while 
running  a  tunnel  to  prospect  the  olaim,  a  ohara- 
ber  yielding  $350,000  was  found.  Immense 
bodies  of  low'grade  ore,  and  much  high-grade. 


being  milled,  yield  an  amount  of  treasure  ex- 
ceeding that  whioh  has  already  made  the 
property  famous.  The  Iow*grade  ores  have 
almost  been  valaeleB8,iand  it  was  for  a  long 
time  a  positive  loss  to  attempt  to  treat  them. 
This  defect  has  been  remedied,  and 
Mr.  Bremen  is  now  saving  90  per  cent  of  the 
aseay  value  of  the  ores,  which  leaves  a  fine  bal- 
ance to  the  credit  of  tbe  mine  after  deducting 
the  expense  of  mining,  transportation  and  mill- 
ing. 

Tbe  Monarch,  at  Lone  Mountain,  by  reason 
of  the  extended  and  continued  development, 
is  rated  as  a  leading  property  and  belongs  to 
Frank  Bisbee  &  Go.  Monthly  shipments  are 
made,  the  average  grade  of  tbe  year's  ship- 
ments being  considerably  over  $100  per  ton. 
4  Black,  Hawk  district  baa  a  nam  ber  of  pro- 
ducers; among  them  the  Blue  Bell,  Alhambra, 
Rose,  Hobson  group.  Red  Cloud,  Good  Hope, 
Horn  Silver  and  Silver  King. 

East  oamp,  about  four  miles  In  an  easterly 
direction  from  Carlisle,  is  rapidly  coming  to 
the  front  as  a  producer.  The  Nugget  mine  la 
proving  to  be  a  first-class  mine.  Cook's  Peak 
has  been  coming  to  the  front  rapidly  daring 


VIEWS    ON    THE    QUITO    OLIVE    AND    VINE    FARM.    NEAR    LOS    GATOS 


SANTA    CLARA    COUNTY, 


headed  toward  the  West,  and  may  she  not  atop 
antil  she  lands  in  New  York.  B.  Flikt, 


Gen.  Bidwell  is  Reminiscent. — **I  have 
no  recollection  during  a  residence  of  nearly  50 
years  in  California,"  said  Gen.  Bidwell,  "  of 
any  rainy  seasons  equaling  the  present  one  to 
date  for  rainfall,  boow  and  amount  of  cold 
weather,  with  the  nossible  exception  of  1841- 
42  and  1849-50.  The  highest  water  I  ever  saw 
in  the  Feather  river  was  on  April  1,  1853.  I 
was  in  Maryeville  at  tbe  time,  and  the  water 
then  stood  about  three  feet  on  the  present  site 
of  tbe  Western  hotel,  at  that  time  the  highest 
ground  in  the  city.  This  was  before  the  era  of 
hydraulic  mining,  and  placer  mining  had  not 
affected  the  stream  to  amount  to  anything." 
— CAico  EnUrprise. 

A  Metal  Bill. — A  bill  introduced  by  Repre- 
sentative Thompson  of  Ohio  provides  that  cop* 
per,  lead  and  nickel  may  be  imported  In  ores, 
bars,  etc.,  for  refining,  free  of  duty,  provided 
that  an  amount  of  copper,  lead  or  nickel  equiv- 
alent to  that  imported  sball  be  exported  within 
six  months  in  a  refined  state. 


Congressman  Morrow  has  introduced  a  bill 
to  relieve  the  Union  Iron  Works  of  the  penalty 
Incarred  by  the  crniaer  Charleston  not  coming  up 
to  the  reqalred  5000-horBe  power.  The  penalty 
amoants  to  over  $33,000. 


of  San  Diego,  with  their  well-known  acumen 
and  energy,  aa  earliest  claiming  public  atten- 
tion by  their  aohif^vements  with  the  olive,  we 
come  next  to  El  Quito  in  Santa  Clara  oounty, 
as  a  leading  olive-oil  producing  establishment. 
There  are,  of  coarse,  olive  plantations  away 
from  the  Missions  older  than  any  we  have 
named,  but  their  owners  did  not  regularly  use 
their  fruit  as  a  commercial  product. 

The  pictures  upon  this  page  give  the  readflr 
a  partial  view  of  the  olive  plantation  upon  El 
Quito  olive  and  vine  farm,  the  property  of  E. 
E,  Goodrich,  situated  in  Santa  Clara  county, 
about  3^  miles  from  Los  G-atoa  and  eight  milps 
from  San  Jose.  This  farm,  comprising  about  80 
acres,  came  into  the  possession  of  Mr. Goodrich  in 
1882.  There  was  at  that  time  a  number  of  old 
olive  trees  growing  on  the  place.  A  view  in 
the  old  orchard  is  given  in  the  lower  right-hand 
corner,  and  npon  the  left  is  another  old  tree 
standing  in  the  midst  of  newly-planted  ones. 
This  tree  was  16  years  old  at  the  time  the 
photograph  was  taken.  Mr.  Goodrich  has  been 
obliged  to  renovate  his  older  plantation;  the 
trees  set  at  16  feet  apart  soon  Interfered  with 
each  other's  progress  and  were  thinned  by  re- 
moving alternate  ones.  Recently  Mr,  Good- 
rich has  been  doing  much  grafting  in  introduc- 
ing new  varieties,  and  has  thus  given  new 
heads  to  many  old  trunks. 

The  landscape  at  the  top  of  the  piotnre  gives 
something  of  a  general  idea  of  the  lay  of  the 
ground  on  El  Qaito  farm  and  the  extent  of  the 


are  found  on  Cave  and  Garfield  creeks,  at  Mc- 
Cann's  oamp,  around  Danville,  and  the  Inger- 
soil  group.  Rioh  float  and  well-defined  vein 
are  found  on  nearly  every  mountain-side.  The 
North  Peroha  crosses  the  belt  and  exposes  min- 
eral all  thft  way  for  the  five  miles  of  its  course. 
From  the  Virginia  group  down  about  midway 
is  the  town  of  North  Peroha,  immediately 
southeast  of  which  are  the  Eclipse  and  Charm 
group  of  mines.  At  Gold  Hill  there  are 
some  50  gold  and  as  many  silver  ledges, 
and  the  great  need  of  the  camp  is  a  ens* 
torn  mill,  that  will  save  the  ores  to  within  85 
per  cent,  and  we  guarantee  the  founder  a  fort- 
une in  a  few  years.  It  would  impart  a  new 
impetus  to  the  miners  and  inspire  their  hearts 
with  renewed  energy. 

Chloride  mining  district,  aa  applied  to  the 
*'  flat "  and  surrounding  hills,  is  distinctively 
appropriate,  owing  to  the  fact  that  a  major  por- 
tion of  the  values  contained  in  the  mineral 
products  of  the  Bremen  group,  Providencia  and 
other  pronerties,  consists  largely  of  chlorides  of 
silver.  From  the  date  of  discovery  up  to  date 
Chloride  flat  has  been  a  constant  producer,  and 
the  output  from  the  Bremen  properties  is  bat 
little  short  of  three  and  a  half  millions  of  dol- 
lars. The  ore,  as  a  rule,  does  not  He  deep,  and 
hence  the  coat  of  mining  has  not  been  so  ex- 
pensive as  in  less  favored  looalitiea,  and  it  Is 
within  the  bounds  of  reason  to  assert  that 
the  developments  of  the  past  year  in  the 
Bremen    mining   eetftte  \?ill  undoabtedly,  op 


the  past  two  years  aa  a  producer  and  ia  now  in 
shape  to  make  a  fine  record  for  itself  and  the 
oounty.  The  ore  is  nsaallv  of  a  leady  oharao* 
ter,  bat  averaging  from  $60  to  @90  per  ton  in 
silver. — Silver  Oily  Enterprise. 

Stttdents  of  Mineralogy. — The  attention 
of  the  secretary  of  the  State  Mining  Bureau 
has  been  occupied  for  several  days  past  in  ex- 
plaining the  wonders  of  the  mineral  world  to 
the  young  ladies  of  the  High  School.  The 
teachers  have  recommended  the  study  of  min- 
eralogy, and  tbe  young  ladles  are  availing 
themselves  of  the  splendid  collection  at  the 
museum  of  the  Bureau. 


Down  a  Shaft. — On  the  30th  alt.,  during 
the  excitement  oansed  by  a  fire  in  tbe  hoisting 
works  of  the  Quaker  City  mine  at  Chili  Gulch, 
Edward  Hanfurd,  a  oarman,  ran  his  car  into 
the  abaft,  and  was  instantly  killed  by  falling 
with  it.  Four  men  who  were  working  at  the 
bottom  of  tbe  shaft  escaped  being  crashed  to 
death  by  the  car  becoming  wedged  in  and  stop- 
ping a  short  distance  above  them. 

The  discovery  of  gold  on  the  San  Marcos 
creek,  a  few  miles  northwest  of  Paso  Roblea, 
continues  to  create  considerable  excitement. 
Prospectors  are  getting  good  returns  panning 
oat  in  tbe  creek  bottom  and  the  neighboring 
gullies,  and  in  two  oaaea  promising  ledges  have 
been  uncovered. 


94 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Feb.  8,  1890 


II]lNIJNG   gUMMAF^Y, 

The  followlDg  Ib  mostly  coudensed  from  journals  published 
lo  the  loterlor,  in  proximity  to  the  mines  mentioned. 


CALIFORNIA. 

Amador. 

Zeile. — Ledger^  Feb.  i:  The  water  has  been 
very  troublesome  at  this  mine  since  the  last  storm, 
For  several  days  the  water-tank  was  kept  going 
steadily  day  and  night,  and  still  the  water  gained  on 
them.  They  hoisted  at  the  rate  of  130,000  gallons 
per  day.  In  an  ordinary  season  50,000  gallons  is 
considered  an  unusual  flow.  This  constant  activity 
of  the  water  bucket  has  necessitated  hanging  up  20 
stamps  of  the  mill.  The  other  20  are  kept  going  on 
rock  hoisted  from  the  other  shaft.  The  flow  of  wa- 
ter has  materially  decreased  the  last  few  days,  and 
if  the  weather  continues  fine  everything  will  soon  be 
running  full  blast. 

Keystone. — At  this  mine  water  is  being  hoisted 
out  of  both  shafts;  indeed  nothing  else  is  being  done 
except  taking  out  water,  and  still  it  is  all  they  can 
do  to  keep  the  water  from  gaining.  It  is  reported  that 
good  rock  has  been  found  on  the  1400-foot  level,  in 
the  drift  running  south.  How  much  of  a  ledge  this 
is  cannot  be  known  as  yet.  The  prospecting  opera- 
tions were  stopped  to  devote  all  energies  to  keeping 
the  water  out.  The  woodpile  is  getting  low;  enough 
to  run  till  March;  the  outlook  is  that  they  will  be 
run  extremely  close. 

Miscellaneous.— The  pipe  which  carries  water 
to  the  Drytown  Consolidated  mine  was  carried 
away  by  the  flood,  and  brought  the  operations  to  a 
standstill  for  several  days.  The  McKenzie  Bros. 
mill  near  Irishtown  has  been  started  again  with  wa- 
ter-power. The  Gover  mill  has  been  kept  running 
with  20  stamps.  The  water  is  troublesome,  but  they 
have  been  able  to  handle  it  so  far  wiihout  hanging 
up  the  stamps.  At  the  Kennedy  they  are  hoisting 
175,000  gallons  of  water  per  day.  They  are  well 
fixed  to  handle  water,  and  manage  to  keep  20  stamps 
of  the  mill  going  steadily.  Supt.  Tibbitts  reports 
that  the  ten-stamp  mill  of  the  Suiter  creek  mine  was 
brought  to  a  standstill  this  week  on  account  of  heavy 
landslides  occuring  on  the  Amador  canal,  Stoping 
has  been  in  order  above  tunnel  level.  Ore-bin  now 
full.     Mill  will  resume  crushing  Sunday. 

Mines  Around  Irishtown— Gardiner,— Cor. 
Amador  Ledger:  The  Gardiner  mine  has  again  re- 
sumed operations.  Since  January  15th  the  weather 
has  been  such  as  to  necessitate  stoppage  for  a  few 
days.  Last  Monday  the  old  hands  resumed  work. 
The  intention  is  to  crosscut  the  ledge,  to  ascertain 
its  full  extent.  Indications  point  to  the  existence  of 
one  of  the  finest  ledges  in  Amador  county.  The 
tunnel  is  running  between  two  ledges,  namely,  the 
Paugh  and  Union.  On  the  hanging-wall  there  is  a 
fine-looking  ledge,  and  on  the  footwall  is  the  Union, 
with  indications  as  promising  as  could  be  wished. 
Prospects  taken  from  this  ledge  have  yielded  satis- 
factory results.  With  the  return  of  good  weather, 
there  is  every  reason  to  look  for  steady,  progressive 
work  under  the  supervision  of  James  Gleason, 

McKenzie, — Situated  on  the  creek,  below  the 
Gardiner,  is  the  McKenzie  mine,  one  of  the  most  fa- 
vorably located  in  this  vicinity.  Owing  to  inclement 
weather,  it  was  brought  to  a  standstill  for  want  of 
wood.  The  mill,  however,  has  again  started  with 
water-power.  There  is  rock  enough  to  keep  the 
stamps  going  for  30  days,  and  it  is  said  to  be  rich 
enough  to  clear  off  all  incumbrances  on  the  proper- 
ty, as  well  as  pay  running  expenses  for  some  time  to 
come. 

Reed  &  McKay. — This  mine  has  been  at  a 
standstill  for  some  time,  on  account  of  a  controversy 
between  the  owners;  but  there  are  hopes  of  a  speedy 
settlement.  Mr.  Reed  expects  to  commence  opera- 
tions as  soon  as  the  weather  will  permit. 

The  Reed  &  Askey  is  about  x%  miles  from 
Irishtown.  Some  of  the  richest  rock  ever  seen  in 
the  county  has  been  extracted  from  this  mine.  Ow- 
ing to  bad  communication  between  mine  and  mill, 
everything  is  idle  until  the  roads  become  passable 
for  teams. 

Lavezzo. — The  rock  assays  from  $15  to  $20 
per  ton,  with  an  output  of  from  25  lo  30  tons  per 
day.  With  a  little  capital  to  provide  easy  access  to 
the  mill,  this  ought  to  develop  into  one  of  the  best 
paying  properties  hereabout. 

Last  Chance. — This  mine  is  owned  by  Messrs. 
Dwyer,  Conloh  and  Fahey,  and  is  an  extension  of 
the  Going  mine.  During  the  last  few  days  an  ex- 
cellent looking  body  of  ore  has  been  opened.  The 
ledge  can  be  traced  for  600  or  700  feet  from  the  tun- 
nel, and  shows  a  fair  prospect  throughout.  The 
writer  saw  a  test  made  from  samples  from  the  claim, 
yielding  rich-looking  sulphurets  and  a  good  show- 
ing in  free  gold.  The  property  was  discovered  by 
Patrick  Fahey,  one  of  the  oldest  miners  in  the 
county,  and  formerly  foreman  of  the  Going  mine, 

Butte. 

Big  Bend  Will  be  Worked.— Oroville  Mer- 
citry,  Feb.  i:  Supt.  Beatson  of  the  Big  Bend  mine 
has  returned  from  Arizona,  where  he  went  to  meet 
Dr.  R.  V.  Pierce,  president  of  the  mine.  Mr.  Baat- 
son  stales  that  just  as  soon  as  the  river  goes  down 
sufficiently,  a  force  of  100  men  will  be  put  into  the 
mine  and  worked  as  long  as  the  season  will  permit. 
The  splendid  results  of  last  season's  work  with  a 
small  force  has  greatly  encouraged  Dr.  Pierce,  and 
he  hopes  that  this  season's  work  will  prove  profita- 
ble in  proportion  to  the  increase  of  men. 

Nugget.— Geo.  Carr  of  Miner's  Ranch  came  to 
town  yesterday  and  brought  a  nugget  of  gold  picked 
up  in  a  ravine  near  that  place  by  a  miner.  It  was' 
pure  gold,  about  the  size  of  an  apricot,  and  he  sold 
it  in  the  bank  of  Rideout,  Smith  &  Co.  for  $[45.20. 
The  rain  had  uncovered  it»  and  the  lucky  man  came 
along  to  find  it.  Such  things  happen  very  frequent- 
ly along  the  ravines  leading  to  the  Feather  river. 

The  Golden  Gate  Mine.— Work  has  been  go- 
ing on  at  the  Golden  Gate  mine,  near  Oroville,  all 
winter.  '*  We  are  paving  the  way  for  an  early  com- 
mencement of  active  operations  at  the  mine  in  the 
spring,"  said  Major  Frank  McLaughlin,  the  ener- 
getic manager.  "  In  a  few  months  a  large  force  of 
men  will  be  set  at  work  preparing  and  gathering  the 
rock  for  the  head-dam,  and  when  this  work  is  fairly 
started  the  gigantic  flume  will  be  again  built.  Sur- 
veyor McGann  has  just  completed  a  survey  of  the 
route  for  the  immense  flume.  It  will  be  constructed 
with  less  bends  and  angles  than  the  one  we  had  last 
season;  will  be  much  stronger  and  carry  50  per  cent 
more  water.  I  have  contracted  with  the  Sissons 
Lumber  Co.  for  alLthe  lumber  we  shall  use.     Yes, 


we  are  ready  for  an  early  start.  Our  plan  of  opera- 
tion is  laid  out,  and  we  know  just  exactly  what  we 
can  do;  that  is,  so  far  as  the  engineering  skill  of 
man  is  concerned.  But  we  don't  pretend  to  be 
able  to  baffle  the  elements;  that  is  beyond  the  power 
of  man.  But  we  hope  for  a  good  season,  so  that  we 
can  once  more  see  the  bottom  of  the  Feather  river; 
and  not  only  see  its  wealth  laid  before  us,  but  liber- 
ally help  ourselves  from  its  treasuries  of  gold." 
Oalaveraa. 

WOKK  FOR  THE  Dead  BODIES. — Augels  Echo  : 
We  have  given,  and  shall  continue  to  give,  the  pub- 
lic some  idea  each  week  of  the  work  going  on  in  the 
Utica  mine  for  the  purpose  of  getting  out  the  dead 
bodies  buried  beneath  the  cave.  A  large  drift  is 
being  run  in  the  south  end  of  the  mine,  in  the  direc- 
tion of  where  the  dead  bodies  are  supposed  to  be. 
The  work  is  being  prosecuted  as  rapidly  as  possible, 
under  the  unfavorable  circumstances,  and  no  stone 
will  be  left  unturned  to  exhume  the  bodies  at  the 
earliest  possible  raomenl.  The  management  seems 
every  bit  as  much  concerned  and  as  anxious  to  get 
the  poor  fellows  out  and  give  them  a  Christian  burial 
as  the  public,  or  even  their  nearest  friends  and  rela- 
tives. Since  the  above  was  in  type  one  of  the  dead 
bodies  has  been  unearthed  and  brought  to  the  sur- 
face. The  body  is  supposed  to  be  that  of  James 
Casey. 

El  Dorado. 

Slate.— Placerville(9^jf?'z/i:?',  Feb.  4:  The  Strahle 
Slate  Co.  are  shipping  a  carload  of  slate  from  the 
depot  here.  The  railroad  company  and  the  slate 
quarry  companies  have  made  arrangements  for  the 
construction  of  large  sheds  on  the  vacant  ground 
across  the  track,  for  use  in  shipping  slate.  The  in- 
dustry has  grown  lo  such  proportions  as  to  necessi- 
tate special  arrangements  for  the  speedy  handling  of 
slate  cargoes. 

Pelton  Wheels.— Several  large  Pelton  wheels 
have  bee(j  sent  down  to  the  McNulty  mine  recently, 
and  to-day  D.  C.  Wickham  goes  down  to  put  them 
in  place  and  reconstruct  the  workings  at  the  mine. 

Lake. 

Prospects.— ^z'(7/<7«c/i£,  Feb.  i:  As  yet  Like 
county  has  no  mines  except  those  for  quicksilver, 
but  from  the  prospecting  which  has  been  done  and 
is  being  done  we  are  led  to  believe  that  ere  another 
year  passes.  Lake  county  will  have  some  veritable 
silver  and  gold  mines.  Judge  Hudson  and  some 
others  have  discovered  a  ledge  west  of  town,  some- 
where in  the  vicinity  of  the  Watenberger  place,  that 
pans  out  from  the  cropping  $2  to  $3  of  precious 
metal  per  ton,  and  this  from  croppings  indicates 
that  when  the  ledge  is  traced  into  solid  walls  and 
becomes  more  compact,  it  will  produce  paying 
ore.  They  have  organized  a  Co.  and  intend  to 
work  and  prove  their  prospect  as  soon  as  circum- 
stances will  admit.  On  the  other  side  of  the  lake, 
Lil  Boggs  et  al  have  been  doing  some  work  between 
showers,  and  they  also  have  first-class  indications. 
They  have  had  some  ore  worked  which  paid  from 
$3  to  $6  per  ton,  and  this  too  from  near  the  surface. 
There  is  not  much  doubt  but  this  prospect  will  lead 
to  paying  ore. 

Nevada. 

North  Star  Mine.— Grass  Valley  Union,  Jan. 
30:  Underground  work  has  been  resumed  at  the 
North  Star  mine,  and  the  pumps  and  mill  are  being 
run  by  water-power.  Several  of  the  lower  levels  of 
the  mine  have  filled'  with  water,  and  extra  pumps 
are  to  be  put  in  to  relieve  them. 

North  Star.— Grass  Valley  Tidings:  A  report 
of  the  North  Star  Co.'s  operations  will  be  ready  for 
publication  shortly.  Twodividends,  each  of  $50,000, 
were  paid  in  1889,  Development  work  is  gomg  on 
steadily.  The  1900-foot  level  is  being  extended,  and 
sinking  for  the  2000-foot  level  has  been  commenced. 
The  superintendent's  latest  reports  show  that  35 
stamps  of  the  company's  mill  are  crushing  quarU 
and  five  are  on ''slope  waste."  It  seems  that  the 
slopes  in  the  upper  levels  are  gone  over,  and  the 
rock  which  in  years  past  was  thrown  back  as  waste 
is  now  being  taken  out  and  milled  al  a  profit.  Mr. 
Hague  says  that  this  waste  will  yield  on  an  average 
from  $3  to  $4  per  ton,  and  it  costs  about  $1.50  per 
ton  to  raise  and  mill  it. 

Empire  Mine. -Grass  Valley  Union,  Feb.  i: 
The  Empire  mine  is  now  receiving  150  inches  of 
water  from  the  South  Yuba  reservoir  which  enables 
the  water  in  the  mine  to  be  handled  by  water-power. 
The  Empire,  like  all  the  other  mines,  is  receiving 
much  seepage  water,  and  in  addition  to  running  the 
pumps  it  has  been  found  necessary  to  resort  to  bail- 
ing to  prevent  the  water  filling  the  lower  levels. 
This  is  being  done  successfully  now,  and  when  more 
water  is  received,  which  is  expected  in  a  few  days 
with  the  continuance  of  the  present  mild  weather, 
there  will  be  no  difficulty  in  handling  the  water. 
No  underground  work  is  yet  being  done  in  the 
mine. 

North  Star.— The  three  lower  levels  of  the 
North  Star  mine  have  been  filled  with  water,  on  ac- 
count of  the  seepage,  and  no  work  can  be  done 
below  the  17th  level  for  the  present.  An  extra  10 
and  8-inch  pump  is  to  be  put  in  to  get  rid  of  th- 
surplus  water.  The  mine  is  now  receiving  the  benee 
fit  of  350  inches  of  water  from  the  Greenhorn  ditch 
for  water-power  and  has  no  further  occasion  to  use 
steam. 

Placer. 

Jake  Neff's  'Qo\iA.wi.\.— Herald :  About  two 
years  ago  Jacob  NefF  and  ex-Governor  Perkins  pur- 
chased the  Church  mine  at  El  Dorado,  county  of  the 
same  name,  and  not  long  ago  equipped  it  with  a 
complete  and  adequate  hoisting  plant,  subsequently 
giving  the  shaft  depth.  Lately,  at  the  500-foot  level, 
a  12-foot  ledge  was  tapped.  It  is  stated  that  the 
rock  is  rich,  and  that  from  the  outlook  the  property 
promises  to  be  a  bonanza. 

The  Neversweat  Mine  is  one  of  the  group  of 
Ophir  mines,  and  situated  on  Duncan  Hill.  There 
has  never  been  much  said  about  this  mine,  as  the 
owner  prefers  to  go  along  his  own  way,  and  does 
not  court  notoriety.  The  ledge  is  well  developed, 
and  of  sufficient  width  to  be  easily  and  profitably 
worked.  The  rock  shows  gold,  and  from  tests  that 
have  been  made,  there  is  no  doubt  of  its  richness. 
The  shaft  is  now  down  several  feet,  and  the  owner 
feels  justified  in  sinking  deeper  as  soon  as  the  water 
will  permit. 

Empire.- F.  C.  Halstead  of  Yankee  Jims  will 
start  up  the  Empire  mine,  near  Duncan  Hill,  about 
the  15th  of  this  month. 

California  Iron  and  Steel  Co.— Grass  Val- 
ley  Union,  Feb.  5:  The  California  Iron  and  Steel 
Co.,  whose  furnace  is  al  Hotaling,  Placer  county, 
has  been  involved  in  litigation  for  several  years,  but 


negotiations  have  recently  been  entered  upon  which 
it  is  thought  will  end  in  a  satisfactory  settlement. 
The  company  as  a  corporation  is  impecunious,  al- 
though owning  much  property  in  Placer  and  Nevada 
counties,  but  its  principal  stockholders,  George  W. 
Gibbs,  Egbert  Judson  and  A.  P.  Hotaling,  are 
wealthy  men,  and  against  them  individually  has  a 
suit  been  pending  to  meet  certain  liabilities  of  the 
company.  They  have  signified  a  willingness  to 
make  terms,  and  hence  legal  proceedings  against 
them  have  been  suspended. 

San  Bernardino. 
Mineral  Prospects.— San  Bernardino  Times- 
Index,  Feb.  i:  On  Saturday  evening  last  our  re- 
porter called  upon  J.  H.  Grossman,  a  member  of 
the  State  Mineralogist's  corps,  who  was  sent  to  this 
county  to  examine  and  report  upon  its  mineral  de- 
posits. The  reporter  asked  the  gentleman  what  he 
thought  of  the  mineral  resources  of  the  county  from 
the  examinations  that  he  had  made  during  the  past 
two  months.  "I  am  more  than  pleased  with  the 
country  as  I  have  found  it,  and  I  have  seen  some  of 
the  largest  ore  bodies  that  I  believe  exist  in  the 
world.  In  the  Morongo  district  at  the  Black  Hawk 
mines  there  are  immense  bodies  of  rich  gold  ore,  and 
an  English  company  is  now  preparing  to  erect  a 
20-stamp  mill.  The  Oro  Grande  mountains  con- 
tain immense  deposits  of  rebellious  ores,  but  at 
present  they  are  not  worth  taking  out,  as  the  cost  of 
fuel  is  too  great,  but  when  the  Utah  Southern  comes 
through  (and  I  know  for  a  fact  that  it  will)  smelters 
will  undoubtedly  be  built  al  Oro  Grande  or  San 
Bernardino  on  a  large  scale,  and  then  all  of  this  ore 
will  be  worked,  and  millions  of  dollars  taken  out. 
The  galena  of  these  mountains  can  all  be  profitably 
used  when  smelters  are  erected.  In  the  Ord  dis- 
trict there  are  immense  bodies  of  copper  and  gold- 
bearing  veins  extending  through  the  entire  mount- 
ain, and  these  mines,  as  above  stated,  only  await 
the  arrival  of  cheap  fuel  before  being  worked.  San 
Bernardino  county  and  a  portion  of  Inyo,  which  I 
have  visited  on  this  trip,  is  the  greatest  mineral 
country  that  I  have  ever  examined,  and  I  believe 
that  it  is  the  greatest  mineral-producing  country  in 
the  world.  These  desert  regions  cannot  be  trav- 
ersed in  the  summer  and  work  must  be  done  in  the 
winter  and  spring  months.  All  that  is  required  lo 
make  this  one  of  the  richest  and  most  populous  re- 
gions in  the  United  States,  whose  supplies  will  be 
drawn  from  commercial  and  mining  centers  and 
more  favored  agricultural  regions,  is  a  railroad,  and 
this  much-needed  want  will  soon  be  at  your  doors. 
The  Mojave  desert  contains  large  deposits  of  gold, 
silver,  borax,  soda,  copper,  salt  and  other  minerals, 
and  when  silver  reaches  100  cents,  this  section  will 
become  very  populous.  Utah  has  the  fuel  that  we 
want,  and  when  the  iron  horse  comes  across  thai 
desert  with  coal  that  can  be  laid  down  here  for  $5 
per  ton,  a  million  dollars  worth  of  smelting  works 
will  be  erected  in  your  city,  and  thousands  of  dol- 
lars will  be  put  into  circulation  daily,  for  then  the 
miner  with  a  small  grub  stake  can  go  lo  work  on  his 
mine,  take  out  a  few  tons  of  ore,  sell  it  to  the 
smelter  for  cash  for  its  assay  value,  and  go  back  to 
his  work  and  develop  his  mine,  Ihe  ore  in  the  same 
paying  all  expenses.  The  magnetic  iron  deposit 
in  the  Qrd  district  is  an  immense  one,  and  so  pow- 
erful is  it  that  it  ruined  my  watch  while  passing  over 
it.  When  your  fuel  problem  is  solved,  Resting 
Springs  will  contain  a  population  of  1500  operatives. " 

San  Dlepfo. 

Banner. — Julian  Sentinel,  Feb.  i:  The  Bell 
and  Walker  mine  is  showing  up  fine  and  the  boys 
are  happy.  Within  the  last  two  months  only  four 
millsites  have  been  located  in  Banner,  and  more  in 
view.  Lane  and  Smith  of  the  Cincinnati  Belle 
mine  are  expected  back  lo  resume  operations. 
Sierra. 

Damage  at  Pike  Citv.  —  Transcript.  Feb. 
2:  It  is  reported  that  the  snow  falling  in  the  late 
storm  did  much  damage  at  Pike  City.  The  hoist- 
ing works  of  the  Alaska  mine  were  broken— how 
badly  is  not  stated — and  1200  feet  of  the  tramway 
shed  went  down.  Several  buildings  in  the  neigh- 
borhood were  broken. 

Work  Stopped. — Moimiairt  Afessenger,  Jan.  25: 
Work  in  all  the  mining  claims  in  this  section  has 
been  suspended  by  the  storm. 

Yuba  Co.— Grass  Valley  Union,  Feb.  1:  P. 
Campbell  was  up  from  Smartsville  yesterday,  He 
said  drift-mining  had  not  been  interfered  with  by 
the  storms,  and  that  the  snow  did  not  reach 
Smartsville.  Smartsvile  is  situated  in  the  serai- 
tropics,  where  the  best  of  oranges  are  raised. 

NEVADA. 

Washoe  DlBtrlct. 

Ophir. — By  Telegraph,  Feb.  3:  On  the  1300-foot 
level  from  the  end  of  the  east  crosscut  from  the  shaft 
station  a  south  drift  is  advanced  313  feet  from  the 
end  of  the  east  crosscut,  316  feel  from  the  shaft  sta- 
tion. Its  face  is  in  porphyry,  mixed  with  quartz, 
showing  value.     No  work  was  done  last  week. 

Con.  Cal.  and  Virginia.  —  On  the  1650-foot 
level  repairs  are  in  progress  to  the  raise  above  the 
end  of  the  east  crosscut  from  the  end  of  the  north 
drift  from  the  winze  sunk  60  feet  below  thp  end  of 
the  south  drift.  The  snow  blockade  on  the  Virginia 
&  Truckee  Railroad  has  caused  a  necessary  reduc- 
tion in  the  force  of  miners,  as  it  was  impossible  to 
ship  ore  to  the  mills  or  bring  wood  to  the  mine.  We 
have  on  hand  in  the  assay  office  bullion  valued  at 
$14,476,  and  enough  more  at  the  Morgan  mill  to 
make  an  aggregate  of  about  $32,000. 

Crown  Point. — Ore  shipments  will  be  resumed 
next  week. 

Belcher. — The  850-foot  level  east  crosscut  con- 
tinues in  porphyrv. 

Segregated  Belcher. — Ore  bunches  are  still 
showing  in  the  laoo-font  level  drift  from  the  winze. 
The  looo-foot  level  east  crosscut  is  in  low-grade 
quartz. 

Silver  Hill.  —  The  usual  progress  has  been 
made  in  the  160  and  260-foot  level  explorations. 

Justice. — The  mill  is  crushing  the  usual  amount 
and  quaUty  ol  ore. 

Alta. — The  mill  is  again  in  full  operation,  crush- 
ing the  usual  amount  of  ore. 

Savage.— A  large  area  of  ore  is  stripped  ready 
for  extraction,  and  exploratory  work  is  in  progress 
as  usual. 

Hale  &  Norcross. — The  usual  exploratory  work 
is  in  progress,  and  ore  extraction  will  be  resumed  as 
soon  as  it  can  be  got  to  the  Nevada  mill. 

Chollar. — The  Nevada  mill  stamps  are  tempo- 
rarily hung  up,   but  the  usual  exploratory  force  is 


employed  in  the  explorations  above  the  3So-foot 
level. 

Pioche  District. 

The  Raymond  Deep  Winze.— Pioche  Record, 
Jan.  28:  On  Sunday  last  the  large  pump,  for  len 
years  under  water  at  the  14th  level,  was  uncovered, 
and  found  to  be  in  almost  perfect  condition.  The 
valves  had  been  set  wrong  and  that  no  doubt  was 
the  immediate  cause  of  the  failure  of  this  pump  to 
drain  the  winze  when  formeriy  working.  When 
the  pump  had  been  cleaned  and  the  valves  set  as 
they  were  made  for  work,  the  compressed  air  was 
turned  on,  and  pumping  commenced  with  such 
force  that  the  old  pipes  leading  from  the  14th  to  the 
13th  level  could  not  carry  the  volume  of  water  sent 
up,  and  burst  under  the  pressure.  This  defect  has 
been  remedied,  and  yesterday  morning  the  water 
had  been  lowered  lo  a  point  15  feet  below  the  14th 
level. 

Tuscarora  District. 

NAVAjo.~By  Telegraph,  Feb.  i:  The  upraise 
from  the  south  drift  on  the  150-foot  level  is  extended 
8  feet.  No.  2  crosscut  from  the  south  drift  on  the 
350-foot  level  is  extended  24  feet. 

Nevada  Queen.— The  north  gangway  from  the 
6oo-foot  station  of  the  North  Belle  Isle  shaft  has 
been  extended  23  feet.  The  face  of  the  drift  is  in  a 
softer  formation, 

Belle  Isle.— The  crosscut  from  the  north  gang- 
way, near  the  south  line  on  the  250-foot  level,  is  ex- 
tended 21  feet.  The  west  crosscut  from  the  north 
gangway,  sso-foot  level,  has  been  extended  12  feel. 
The  rock  is  extremely  hard. 

North  Commonwealth.— On  the  first  level  the 
north  drift  from  No.  i  east  crosscut  has  been  ex- 
tended 16  feet.  The  face  continues  to  show  high- 
grade  ore.  On  the  second  level  the  joint  crosscut  is 
extended  17  feet,  and  has  cut  into  the  vein,  face  be- 
ing in  low-grade  ore,  assaying  from  $33  to  $108  per 
ton. 

North  Belle  Isle.— The  south  drift  from  sta- 
tion C  crosscut  on  the  300-foot  level  is  advanced  19 
feet.  The  south  intermediate  drift  from  No.  3  chute 
above  the  300-foot  level  is  extended  7  feet.  The  ore 
continues  in  size  and  quality  about  the  same.  The 
north  gangway  on  the  600-toot  level  is  extended  23 
feet.     The  rock  in  the  face  is  softer. 

Grand  Prize.— The  400-foot  level  west  drift  from 
the  north  crosscut  is  extended  10  feel.  The  north 
crosscut  is  extended  7  feel.  The  drift  from  the  bot- 
tom of  the  winze  in  the  south  drift  is  extended  14 
feel.  The  500-foot  level  north  crosscut  is  extended 
26  feet,  and  has  cut  north  lateral  vein  No.  2,  show- 
ing stringers  of  good  ore.  The  face  of  the  west  drift 
from  the  north  crosscut  is  advanced  21  feet  without 
change. 

Del  Monte.— On  the  first  level  the  north  drift 
from  No.  i  east  crosscut  is  extended  13  feet,  expos- 
ing fine  ore.  On  the  second  level  the  joint  east 
crosscut  has  been  extended  17  feet,  the  face  being 
all  in  low-grade  ore.  We  will  have  to  go  about  25 
feet  to  reach  the  ore  body  opened  by  the  first  level. 
On  the  third  level  No.  i  north  drift  from  the  east 
crosscut  has  been  extended  12  feet,  and  continues  to 
look  well. 

Commonwealth.— On  the  first  level  the  east 
drift  from  No.  i  north  drift  is  extended  10  feet;  the 
ore  continues  to  show  well  as  the  drift  is  advanced. 
The  west  drift  from  the  same  point  is  advanced  5 
feet,  and  chutes  are  being  put  in  preparatory  to 
stoping.  No.  3  upraise  from  the  Dolan  drift  has 
been  extended  upward  9  feet,  developing  fine  ore. 
The  north  drift  from  No.  5  chule  has  been  advanced 
II  feet;  it  has  about  30  feet  yet  to  go  to  the  North 
Commonwealth  line.  There  is  very  high-grade  ore 
being  opened  up  by  this  drift.  On  the  third  level 
slopes  are  being  opened  and  are  looking  well.  Very 
little  work  is  being  done  on  this  except  lo  open  the 
slopes  ready  to  extract  ore.  On  the  fourth  level  the 
north  gangway  has  been  advanced  11  feet.  We 
have  had  to  limber  75  feet,  which  has  retarded  the 
work  somewhat.  The  slopes  in  the  different  parts 
of  the  mine  are  looking  as  well  as  at  any  lime  here- 
tofore. They  have  yielded  125  cars  of  ore  per  day, 
which  has  been  sent  to  the  mill  and  concentrating 
plant.  The  average  pulp  assay  for  the  week  was 
$251.83  per  ton.  Bullion  shipped  to  the  secretary 
was  valued  at  $31,898.93.  Crude  bullion  is  on  hand 
worth  about  $12,000.  The  concentrator  crushed  525 
tons,  the  assay  value  being  $17,04  per  ton.  The 
average  concentrate  assay  was  $247  per  ton.  The 
mill  is  running  nicely  and  doing  good  work. 

ARIZONA. 

Shipping  Ore.  —  Prescott  Courier,  Jan.  28: 
Frank  Kuhne  has  a  big  force  of  men  taking  ship- 
ping ore  from  the  Belle  mine,  Walker  district  Joe 
Chambers  makes  an  occasional  run  with  the  mill 
in  said  district.  Snow  has  been  too  deep  for  con- 
slant  running.  N,  L.  Grif^n  and  other  owners  of 
mines  keep  taking  out  ore.  Paul  Johns,  one  of  the 
lessees  of  the  Cacoctin  mine,  arrived  in  town  Satur- 
day. His  partners  are  taking  out  ore.  Jas.  O'Hara, 
just  from  Martinez  district,  says  the  Congress  20- 
stamp  mill  is  pounding  out  plenty  of  gold.  The 
mine  is  yielding  well.  Owners  of  other  mines  in 
the  district  are  developing  them.  The  superintend- 
ent of  the  Black  Horse  mine  is  having  new  machin- 
ery put  in  place  and  will  give  the  mine  a  thorough 
prospecting.  The  compiny  that  owns  the  mine  is 
very  wealthy.  Quartz  Mountain  mill  is  crushing 
good  ore.  The  gold  is  shipped  to  Kansas  City. 
The  Hillside  mine  is  not  shipping  ore  just  now. 
Roads  tco  muddy.  Owners  and  lessees  expect  to 
ship  $500,000  worth  of  ore  next  spring  and  summer. 
Placer  miners  of  Weaver,  Hassayampa,  Walker, 
Big  Bug  and  Black  Canyon  district,  have,  during 
the  past  month,  shipped  $20,000  worth  to  Prescott 
and  other  places.  Miners  of  this  section  are  hop- 
ing that  Mr.  Williams,  manager  for  Mr.  Dodge  and 
his  partners,  will,  in  the  spring,  put  up  and  run  regu- 
lar reduction  works,  and  save  to  this  section  the 
money  that  is  now  paid  to  foreign  smelters  fbr  work- 
ing our  richest  ores. 

Districts  Around  Prescott.— C()ar;Vr,  Feb.  i: 
Mr.  Giroux,  Sup't  for  W.  A.  Clark,  is  preparing  for 
a  vigorous  spring  and  summer's  campaign  in  United 
Verde.  His  smelters  are  in  first-rate  condition; 
mines  filled  with  rich  ore.  The  district  has  a  great 
many  veins  which  carry  gold,  silver  and  copper;  is 
about  25  miles  northwest  of  Prescott.  Wood,  water 
and  grass  are  'abundant.  Cherry  Creek  district  is 
near  by.  Its  principal  mines  are  the  Etta  and 
Mocking  Bird.  Both  have  mills  and  have  paid 
well  in  gold.  Ore  is  coming  out  of  the  Mocking, 
Bird.  The  Etta  mill  is  being  put  in  good  order. 
Owners  of  the  Wire  Gold  mill  and  mine,  near  Squaw 


Pbb.  8,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


95 


Peak,  are  preparing  lo  start  their  mill.  Miners  of 
Ash  Creek  district  are  not  making  much  of  a  stir. 
They  have  good  mines  and  should  work  them.  All 
b  quiet  in  A^ua  Fria  district,  but  its  neighbor,  Big 
Bug,  is  moving  along  in  5ne  style  under  the  able 
management  o(  Mr.  J.  J.  Williams,  who  under- 
stands every  twist  and  turn  of  mining  and  Whose 
management  cannot  be  improved  on.  The  district 
has  a  great  many  mines  of  gold,  silver  and  copper; 
has  wood,  water,  gra&b  and  a  tine  working  climate. 
It  has,  also,  a  great  deal  of  gold  in  gravel  claims. 
Further  south  and  east  is  Klack  Canyon  district,  in 
which  there  are  such  good  mines  as  the  Beaver, 
Mesa,  Iconoclast  and  Valenciana.  There  is  not  a 
mill  in  this  disirici.  Miners  work  their  ores  by 
arastra  process,  or  ship  it  away.  Still  further  south 
Is  Tip  Top,  famous  for  its  rich  silver  ores,  some  of 
which  have  paid  thousands  of  dollars  to  the  ton. 
Castle  Creek  district  adjoins  Tip  Top  on  the 
west.  It  has  a  mill  and  several  good  mines. 
Coming  north  toward  Prescott,  Bradshaw  district, 
with  its  four  mills  and  ever  so  many  mines;  the 
Peck,  Turkey  Creek.  Hassayampa,  Groom,  Walker 
and  Slate  Creek  districts,  are  passed  through. 
Active  mining  and  milling  are  being  conducted  in 
all  of  them.  Slill  west  are  the  districts  of  Walnut 
-Grove,  Weaver.  Martinez,  Kureka,  Harqua-Hala 
and  others,  whose  quartz  and  placer  mines  have 
paid,  are  yet  paying  and  will  continue  to  pay  for 
hundreds  of  years  to  come.  These  districts,  with 
Silver  Mountain,  cover  a  country  8o  by  loo  miles 
long  by  about  6o  wide,  in  the  heart  of  Arizona. 
There  are  other  mint-ral  regions  to  the  north,  the 
souih,  the  east  and  the  west  of  it,  but  none  so  large. 
So  Yavapai  county  may  be  said  to  lead  all  of  her 
sisters  in  the  number  of  her  mines,  as  well  as  in 
limber,  grazing,  etc.  The  other  great  mineral 
counties  are  Graham,  Gila,  Cochise,  I'ima,  Pinal, 
Maricopa.  Yuma  and  Mohave.  Apache  county  has 
not,  as  yet,  been  prospected  to  any  great  extent, 
but  it  is  known  that  she  is  rich  in  coal.  To  work 
our  mines  successfully,  and  so  develop  other  inter- 
ests, we  must  have  more  people,  and  capital,  more 
railroad  faciUties,  general  quartz  reduciion  works 
at  proper  places.  These,  with  reservoirs  for  the 
storage  of  water,  would  soon  make  of  this  struggling 
Territory  a  great  Stale. 

Stockton  Hill.— Mohave  Vl/i/zi-r,  Feb.  i:  Jas. 
Orr  is  down  from  Stockton  Hill  with  a  carload  of 
high-grade  ore  from  the  Black  and  Tan  mine,  which 
is  being  treated  by  the  Kingman  Sampling  Com- 
pany. John  R.  Mackenzie  has  a  bond  on  the  Cin- 
cinnati mine  owned  by  W.  H.  Hardy  and  has  a 
force  of  men  at  work  developing  it.  A  good  many 
thousand  dollars  has  been  taken  from  the  working 
of  the  Cincinnati,  and  it  will  yield  many  more.  C. 
H.  Park  has  purchased  the  interest  of  A.  J.  Coon 
in  the  Sabbath  Bell  mine  at  Mineral  Park,  paying 
$2000  therefor.  There  is  now  considerable  good  ore 
in  sight  in  the  mine,  and  it  seems  probable  that  it 
will  be  as  good  as  any  claim  in  that  place, 

Important  Mining  Sale.  —  Wilcox  Sonth- 
wesUrn  Stockman.  Jan.  30:  The  sale  of  a  valuable 
group  of  lead  and  silver  mines  located  in  Aravaipa 
canyon,  and  owned  by  John  P.  Harr,  Charles  White, 
the  Dunlap  Bros..  W.  C.  Bridwell,  Charles  McGary, 
Tom  Horn,  Charles  Cunningham  and  George 
Zeigler,  was  closed  early  this  week,  and  a  large  per 
cent  of  the  purchase- money  was  paid  the  above- 
named  "gentlemen  on  Monday.  The  total  amount 
to  be  paid  is  about  $40,000.  The  purchasers, 
Messrs.  (,  W.  Goddard  of  New  York,  and  John 
Heard,  Jr.,  of  Boston,  left  for  their  homes  on  Mon- 
day night,  but  will  return  here  in  the  course  of  a 
few  weeks.  They  will  organize  and  incorporate  a 
company,  to  be  known  as  "  The  Aravaipa  Min. 
Co.,"  under  the  laws  of  the  State  of  New  York. 
Dr.  Alex.  Tripple  of  Globe,  one  of  the  most  thor- 
ough and  experienced  mining  men  in  the  West,  is 
to  be  general  manager  of  the  new  company,  which 
is  a  guarantee  that  operations  will  be  conducted  in 
a  practical  manner.  Before  active  operations  can 
be  commenced  on  the  mines,  several  roads  will 
have  to  be  built,  and  this  work  will  first  claim  the 
doctor's  attention.  A  large  smelter  is  to  be  con- 
structed near  the  mines,  work  on  which  will  begin 
in  a  few  months.  Mr.  Goddard,  one  of  the  pur- 
chasers of  the  mines,  is  a  gentleman  of  great 
wealth.  Wilcox  will  be  greatly  benefited  by  the 
opening  up  of  these  mines. 

Richmond  Basin.— Arizona  Silver  Belt,  Jan. 
28:  Wm.  Gill,  who  was  in  the  Globe  from  Rich- 
mond Basin  yesterday,  reports  that  chloriders  at 
that  camp  are  all  getting  some  ore,  Joe  Henry, 
Wm.  Gill,  Paul  Johnson  and  Ben  Hardin  have  a 
lease  on  the  Mack  Morris,  and  are  sanguine  of 
striking  good  ore.  Lou  Scanland,  Bud  Woodson 
and  Ikenberry  are  sorting  ore  from  the  Helen  mine, 
preparatory  to  shipment.  Moyle  and  Viette  are 
engaged  in  the  same  work,  the  ore  coming  from 
the  Harrison  &  Morton  claim,  which  is  a  good  one. 
Joe  Brewster  and  Clarence  West  are  winning 
wealth  Irom  the  North  Star. 

OOLORADO. 

Big  Six.— Leadville  Herald-Democrat,  Feb.  i: 
The  Big  Six  M.  Co.  evidently  means  business,  as 
they  have  started  in  for  work,  the  snow  being 
cleared  away  from  the  immediate  vicinity  of  the  Big 
Six  shaft,  preparatory  to  the  building  of  a  large  and 
commodious  shaft  and  engine-house,  while  nego- 
tiations are  now  pending  for  the  purchase  of  a 
large  plant  of  machinery  to  go  on  that  shaft.  This 
starting  up  of  the  reorganized  company  means  a 
great  deal  for  that  part  of  our  camp,  as  without 
doubt  all  that  section  of  country  lying  to  the  east- 
ward of  the  Breece  fault,  up  to  the  Highland  Chief 
and  Little  Johnnie,  is  undoubtedly  underlaid  with 
mineral  and  only  requires  a  little  prospecting  to 
develop  it.  At  the  time  the  old  organization  was 
working  these  claims,  the  ore  from  that  section  was 
not  considered  of  very  great  value,  but  during  the 
past  three  years  such  a  change  has  come  over  the 
spirit  of  our  dreams — of  ore — and  such  an  en- 
hancement of  the  properties  has  occurred  through 
the  increased  value  of  silver  produced  here,  that 
they  may  now  be  worked,  even  on  what  ore  was 
showing  at  the  time  of  the  closing  down,  to  a 
profit.  That  the  Big  Six  M.  Co.  will  make  a  suc- 
cess of  the  undertaking  would  appear  certain, 
though  in  our  opinion  the  shaft  selected  for  the 
commericement  of  operations  is  not  the  best  one 
to  begin  on.  The  fact  that  nearly  all  of  the  ore 
found  in  these  claims  carries  a  very  fair  percent- 
age of  gold  must  not  be  lost  sight  of  either,  and 
that  feature  of  the  raining  on  that  side  of  Breece 
Hill  will  eventually  prove  to  be  a  very  important 


one,  the  gold  assays  alone,  as  we  remember  (hem, 
going  as  high  as  18  ounces  per  ton,  while  the  aver- 
age breast  s;imples.  by  control  assays,  would  run  an 
ounce  of  gold  to  the  ton,  and  carry  from  35  to  230 
ounces  in  silver.  There  is  now  standing  in  the  Net- 
tie Morgan  a  body  of  iron  ore  that  will  carry  enough 
silver,  together  with  the  large  percentage  ot  iron  m 
excess  of  silica,  to  make  it  pdy  a  re:isonable  profit, 
and  we  are  glad  to  see  this  district  being  taken  hold 
of  by  energetic  men  who  intend  pushing  the  devtrl- 
opment.  Our  camp  only  requires  a  few  more  such 
practiail  undertakings  to  duse  1890  to  be  a  year 
long  to  be  remembered  in  the  annals  of  Leadville 
prosperity.  The  W'oodfad  Brothers,  on  the  Cham- 
pion, are  said  to  be  doing  exceedingly  well,  some 
reports  placing  their  output  at  such  a  point  as  to 
net  the  fortunate  lessees  some  $20,000  per  month. 
They  are  undoubtedly  doing  very  wcl',  and  prob- 
ably arc  in  no  hurry  to  throw  up  the  lease.  The 
conccntrating-mill  at  Rccen  is  soon  to  be  started 
up,  after  being  placed  in  thorough  repair,  and  is 
?aid  to  be  doing  this  work  in  order  to  handle  over- 
flow from  the  White  Quail,  Aftermath  and  Delphos. 
Messrs,  Ross  &  Co.  are  starting  it  up. 

DAKOTA. 

To  CoNCENTKATK  Pyhites.— Deadwood  Pio- 
neer, Jan.  28:  Wuiiin  hearing  of  ^Pioneer  re- 
porter was  dropped  the  remark  a  few  days  since, 
that  an  enterprise  was  projected  which  will  prove 
of  importance  to  Deadwood.  It  was  further 
stated  that  capital  to  carry  through  the  project  was 
subscribed,  and  that  some  of  the  contracts  had 
already  been  let.  After  not  a  little  difliculty  a  clue 
was  discovered,  which  being  assiduously  followed 
enables  announcement  that  the  projected  enterprise 
is  one  to  concentrate  the  Black  Hills  pyrites,  treat 
them  by  a  chlorination  process  and  thereby  add  many 
millions  of  dollars  to  our  annual  yield  of   gold. 

Iron  Ore. — A  force  of  from  four  to  six  men  is 
now  employed  developing  a  ledge  of  iron  ore  on 
Elk  creek.  Average  assays  of  the  ore  show  it 
carries  about  46  per  cent  metallic  iron.  The  prop- 
erty is  owned  by  Messrs.  Blackstone  and  Grier  of 
Lead  City. 

Syndicate  Smelter. — Fireclay  and  firebrick 
ordered  from  Rapid  have  not  yet  been  received, 
so  the  little  plant  remains  cold  and  lifeless.  As 
several  hundred  dollars'  worth  of  ore-flux  and  coke 
yet  remain  on  hand,  Supt.  Carpenter  has  concluded 
to  start  it  up  again  as  the  cheapest  way  to  get  the 
money  out  of  the  supplies  yei  on  hand.  The  Pioneer 
is  informed  that  ore,  etc.,  sutificient  for  a  three  days' 
run  was  upon  hand  at  the  lime  of  the  accident. 

Iron  Hill.  —  Elsewhere  appears  call  for  pro- 
posals to  furnish  lumber  for  rebuilding  the  Iron 
Hill  hoisting  works.  The  company  proposes  to 
lose  no  time  in  completing  the  plant,  and  will  have 
it  running  and  hoisting  ore  again  most  probably 
before  the  first  day  of  March. 

LOWER    CALIFORNIA. 

Alamo. — Lower  Californian,  Jan.  28:  It  has  been 
snowing  nearly  every  night  at  Alamo  lately,  and  in 
place  ot  the  mud  which  the  people  have  been  enjoy- 
ing for  some  time  there  is  now  slush,  and  plenty  of 
it.  The  weather  is  mighty  cold,  too,  up  there  at 
Alamo,  and  the  unlucky  fellows  who  have  not  where 
to  lay  their  heads  are  daily  reminded  that  even  in 
this  Italy  of  America  there  are  times  when  Nature  is 
not  all  sunshine  and  singing  birds.  But  a  spell  of 
cold  and  disagreeable -weather  cannot  knock  out  the 
old  miners,  for  the  most  of  them  are  used  to  camps 
where  there  is  more  snow  and  ice  than  at  Alamo, 
and  they  are  staying  with  it.  Don  Pedro  Miramon- 
tes  has  received  a  piece  of  rock  from  his  ledge  of 
decomposed  quartz,  located  between  the  Remember 
and  the  Nuestra  Senora  de  Guadalupe  mines  at 
Alamo.  The  specimen  is  one  of  the  prettiest  ever 
brought  in  from  the  camp,  and  sparkles  with  gold. 
This  ledge  has  been  worked  for  a  month  past  by 
Juan  Drew  and  old  man  Murrietta  with  gold-pans, 
and  they  have  averaged  $30  per  day  between  them. 
The  El  Paso,  the  Lucas  and  the  Lane  mills  are  run- 
ning and  doing  good  work,  Robert  Frey  and  Cad. 
Preble  were  in  town  this  week  from  Camp  Nacional, 
where  they  have  been  sluicing,  making  $toaday 
between  them  for  a  few  weeks.  They  had  to  aban- 
don the  work  when  the  ground  froze. 

IDAHO. 

Little  Queen's  River. — Elmore  Bulletin,  Jan. 
25:  Speaking  of  this  mining  section  and  its  possi- 
bilities recently  with  a  gentleman  from  Atlanta,  we 
learned  of  a  mining  district  that  has  for  years  been 
under  a  cloud,  but  which  in  the  near  future  bids  fair 
to  be  a  veritable  El  Dorado.  The  mines  in  question 
are  on  Little  Queen's  river,  about  10  miles  northwest 
from  Atlanta,  and  are  in  a  section  well  supplied  with 
timber  and  water.  There  are  at  present:  First 
the  Alvina  lode,  easily  traced  upon  the  surface  a 
distance  of  700  feet,  showing  a  width  of  from  7  to  lo 
feet,  the  croppings  at  any  place  giving  assay  returns 
of  from  $5  to  $30  per  ton,  and  in  a  tunnel  235  feet 
to  where  it  taps  the  lode  and  about  150  feet  from 
the  surface,  the  quartz  returns  $45.  Next  in  size  is 
the  Craigmoor  lode,  which  is  very  uni'orm  in  width, 
being  on  an  average  about  six  feet.  On  this  proper- 
ty there  has  been  something  like  700  feet  of  tunnel- 
ing done,  the  ore  giving  assays  ol  $7,  $9.50,  $16,  $31. 
and  in  one  place  a  pay  streak  from  three  to  four  inch- 
es wide  on  the  footwall  going  $280.  On  the  opposite 
side  of  the  hill  is  the  Craig  location.  The  assays 
from  the  Craig,  however,  do  not  go  higher  than 
from  $28.50  to  S30.  The  Wayward  has  a  tunnel 
run  300  feet  to  the  face,  from  which  there  is  a  raise 
60  feet.  This  lode  is  about  4J^  feet  in  width  from 
wall  to  wall,  and  runs  $35  to  the  ton.  South  of 
these  mines  is  the  Letitia,  having  a  tunnel  driven 
near  150  feet  from  which  there  has  been  very  rich 
ore,  extracted  going  as  high  as  $400  per  ton.  Im- 
mediately south  of  the  Letitia  is  the  Finis  lode 
claim.  There  are  seven  tunnels  driven  into  the  hill, 
and  in  six  of  them  there  are  well-defined  quartz 
ledges  carrying  pay  ore  from  $10.50  to  $100  per  ton, 
chiefly  in  gold,  and  free  milling  mostly,  although 
there  is  some  of  this  quartz  that  yields  very  rich  sul- 
phurets.  The  last-named  mine  is  the  only  one  that 
has  milled  ore  to  any  extent.  It  being  mostly  free- 
milling  rock,  there  was  a  chance  to  make  money  out 
of  it  even  in  the  early  days  when  these  properties 
were  worked.  The  plant  erected  for  the  reduction 
of  this  gold  ore  was  an  early-day  Huntington  two- 
stamp  rocker-mill,  copper-plate  process,  capable  of 
crushing  not  more  than  two  tons  per  day,    There 


was  not  to  exceed  ico  tons  of  ore  worked,  and  rock 
that  did  not  go  $60  or  more  was  never  taken  out. 
These  mines  have  not  been  worked  (or  the  past  10 
or  la  years,  and  until  recently  were  owned  by  differ- 
ent parlies  located  all  over  the  country,  but  now  the 
entire  property  is  owned  by  Mr.  C.  W.Joy  of  At- 
lanta, Idaho. 

MONTANA. 

Coi'i'ER.pRouucERS.— /i/(rr-.l/(»w///di«,  Jan.  25: 
Little  can  be  said  of  the  mining  industry  for  the 
week  List  past  other  than  to  note  the  improvements 
as  they  progress  and  the  fluctuations  of  the  copper 
market  that  regulates  the  opening  up  and  shutting 
down  of  some  of  the  prominent  producers  of  this 
district.  Almost  all  of  the  large  copper- producers 
are  doing  all  the  work  possible  in  extracting  ores 
sufficient  for  the  smeliers,  the  latter  not  being  half 
sufficient  to  answer  the  production  of  the  mines, 
and  some  talk  is  going  the  rounds  that  improve- 
ments will  he  added  to  some  of  the  already  large 
smelters  the  coming  summer  so  as  to  answer  to  the 
demands  made  upon  ibem. 

Smelters  All  Busy.— The  smelters  are  all  work- 
ing at  their  full  capacity  and  making  their  regular 
shipments  of  copper  matte  and  a  vast  amount  of  ore 
is  being  shipped  out  of  the  Stale  for  reduction  in 
other  parts.  The  new  Silver  Bow  smelter  is  com- 
pleted and  is  turning  out  its  regular  amounts. 
This  comp2ny  at  first  did  not  produce  as  pure 
matte  as  some  of  the  other  smelters,  but  the  fur- 
naces have  been  remedied  and  are  now  turning  out 
the  article  as  high  or  higher  in  grade  than  any 
smelter  in  the  camp. 

Butte  and  Boston.— The  mines  of  the  Butte 
&  Boston  Co.  are  coming  to  the  front,  the  rich 
strike  continuing  in  the  West  Gray  Rock,  and  if 
anything  it  increases  in  richness  as  the  drifts  pro- 
gress. Sinking  also  continues  in  the  East  Gray 
Rock,  though  no  ores  are  produced  from  this 
mine.  The  Silver  Bow  mine  has  encountered  a 
much  better  quality  of  ore  of  late  in  the  drifts  on 
the  400  that  lends  to  greatly  enhance  the  value  of 
the  property.  The  mine  is  systematically  worked 
and  placed  in  a  condition  to  work  it  on  an  exten- 
sive scale  the  coming  summer,  Much  water  has 
lo  be  contended  with  and  the  drifts  are  as  wet  as 
any  in  the  camp,  one  of  the  best  indications  of 
ore. 

Chamber's  Syndicate. — At  the  Chamber's 
Syndicate  of  mines,  the  substitute  for  the  Anaconda 
and  St.  Lawrence,  they  are  meeting  the  demand 
made  by  the  smelter  at  Anaconda.  Their  shipments 
run  between  65  and  70  cars  of  20  tons  in  each  car 
every  24  hours,  and  at  times  the  supply  is  such  that 
the  mines  have  to  suspend  for  a  day  for  the  trains 
to  pull  the  chutes  down.  All  sinking  has  been 
stopped  and  only  sloping  is  being  conducted  with  a 
force  of  miners  equal  in  number  to  any  ever 
employed  in  the  camp  before.  However,  the  output 
as  yet  does  not  equal  that  of  the  larger  mines  now 
suspended  on  account  of  the  fire. 

The  St.  Lawrence  Fire.— There  is  nothing  of 
importance  to  note  concerning  the  fire  in  the  St. 
Lawrence,  but  that  the  water  from  most  of  the  syn- 
dicate mines  added  to  that  of  the  Moulton  Water 
Co.  is  still  being  used  in  endeavoring  to  extinguish 
the  flames,  but  with  what  result  cannot  be  deter- 
mined. Water  must  by  this  time  have  reached  the 
800  of  the  Anaconda,  though  it  would  take  an  age 
lo  flood  it,  owing  to  the  very  dry  condition  of 
the  mines  in  the  upper  workings.  Nothing  fur- 
ther is  heard  as  to  the  intention  of  the  company  to 
sink  a  new  shaft,  but  there  is  no  doubt  that  (unless 
upon  investigation  the  fire  is  found  to  be  not  nearly 
as  extensive  as  surmised)  they  will  have  to  sink  a 
new  one  before  the  property  can  again  be  worked. 
No  smoke  or  gases  are  discernible  about  the  works. 
The  Mountain  View  of  the  Boston  &  Mon- 
tana Co.  is  still  cutting  a  station  on  the  1000,  and 
no  crosscuts  will  be  run  at  either  the  900  or  1000  to 
tap  the  lead  until  the  pumps  are  in  perfect  readi- 
ness to  handle  the  water  that  is  bound  to  be  en- 
countered. Pumps  sufficient  are  in  the  mine  and  a 
thorough  and  competent  foreman,  Richard  Dawe, 
stands  ready  to  cope  with  any  emergency  that  may 
arise.  The  Big  and  Little  Colusas  are  plodding 
along  as  in  the  past,  with  ore  in  reserve  to  last  for 
a  generation.  The  great  drawback  of  this  corpora- 
tion is  the  lack  of  smelling  capacity,  which  the  com- 
pany will  increase  by  the  works  at  Great  Falls. 

Copper  Properties.— Most  of  the  copper  prop- 
erties of  lesser  magnitude  that  laid  idle  for  some 
time,  owing  to  the  low  stage  of  the  copper  market,  | 
are  again  to  the  front.  The  sight  at  the  Ramsdell, 
Shakespeare  and  Bricker  Parrots  resembles  those 
good  old  days  long  since  past,  and  puts  one  in  mind 
of  future  prosperity.  It  seems  pleasant  to  see  the 
long  line  of  miners  of  evenings  coming  home  and 
going  to  work,  where  not  long  since  quiet  reigned 
supreme. 

The  Parrot.— The  Parrot  mine  is  working 
steadier  the  present  month  than  for  many  months 
past,  producing  about  250  tons  of  ore  every  24 
hours.  The  hoist  has  received  a  coat  of  whitewash 
and  presents  an  elegant  and  brand  new  appear- 
ance. 

The  Lexington,  where  the  most  attraction  is 
centered,  owing  lo  its  great  depth,  is  within  two 
sets  of  whet  is  called  the  1500  level,  which  is  really 
1400  feet  below  the  surface,  the  deepest  in  the 
camp.  It  will  yet  be  some  time  before  the  com- 
pany can  determine  the  value  of  development,  and 
it  may  be  that  the  company  may  prospect  the 
ground  by  the  diamond  drills  and  crosscut  after- 
ward. The  company  has  diamond  drills  on  hand 
and  such  very  likely  will  be  the  mode  of  procedure. 
Ore  for  milling  is  taken  all  the  way  from  the  600  to 
the  200,  though  considerable  custom  ore  is  being 
put  through  the  company's  mill. 

The  Week's  Bullion.  —  Following  were  the 
shipments  oT  bullion  made  from  the  camp  this  week: 
Moulton,  $9248;  Lexington,  $16,208;  Lexington, 
$8544;  Butte  &  Boston,  $2r. 152;  Alice,  S4720;  Lex- 
ington, $6160;  total,  $66,032. 

West  of  the  Gulch.- The  old  Anselmo,  which 
has  so  long  lain  idle,  is  to  again  assume  its  place 
among  the  ore  producers  of  the  camp,  a  lease  hav- 
ing been  given  to  Herman  Hauswirth  and  his 
brother  Robert.  This  mine  has  been  dormant  for 
a  long  time,  while  all  the  mines  surrounding  have 
been  running  steadily,  producing  their  thousands. 

At  Lyon  City.  M.  T.,  two  mlnerB  were 
killed  by  a  anowsUde  this  week,  and  a  great 
amouat  of  property  waa  destroyed. 


The  Mining  Companies'   Financial 
Standing. 

The  following  is  the  flnancial  standing  on  the  first 
Monday  of  the  present  month  of  the  mining  com- 
panies listed  on  the  two  exchanges  in  this  city: 

Caeh.  D«bt. 

Alt* %  40,4<7  • 

Alpha 0,371  

Andes U,y'l  

Bodie  Con J0.(M9 

Bonton  Con 90,000 

Beloher 

BollelBlo 

Bests  Belcher .. 

Bui  wer 13  843 

Uullion 24.413 

Challen^  Con 

Catodoma 7,950 

ChoUar §28,652 

Cod.  Cal.  it  Vlrtfiuia •39,l»a 

Cuolldence .    . 

Cod.  ImperlBJ tl,138 

Con.  New  York 0,304 

Commonwealth 

Crocker 

Crown  Point 

Del  Moute 

Eaat  Sierra  Nevada 6,4^5 

Exchequer lO.^tOll 

Gould  &  Curry lO.ScS 

Grand  Prize 

Hale  &  NorcroBS 

Holmes 

Iridependeucti 416 

Julia 8.216 

Justice §9,SH  1 

Kontuck 4,J'92 

Lady  Waahiogton 19,355 

Locomotive 1,144 

North  Belle  iBle 

North  Commonwealth 

Mexican 112,9.i4 

Mono 13,571 

Navojo 

Nevada  Queen 

Occidental 

Ophir 3,603 

Overman 27,26(1 

Peer 6,6'23 

Peerless 6,335 

Potoai 

Savage 18,610 

Scorpion 7,0ia 

Seg.  Belcher  &  Midea 

Silver  Hill 11,660 

Sierra  Nevada 26,604 

Silver  King 

Standard 

St.  Louia 361 

Syndicate 7,812  

Union  Con 4,949  

Utah 8,839  

Weldoo 3,259  

*UnBOld  bullion  $44,893  and  further  ebipments  to  bear 
from 

tWitli  more  asseBsments  to  be  collected. 

tOfEset  reported  ot  §93,000  in  bullion  and  further  ship- 
ments to  be  heard  from     Mine  expenses  to  come  out. 

§January  bullion  returns  not  received,  alao  mine  ex- 
penses. 

Illncludiog  the  compaoy's  note  for  SSO,O0O  given  In 
payment  for  mill. 

Owing  to  snow  blockades,  many  of  the  mines,  ex- 
penses in  last  month  not  included. 


18,SS7 
6,-i87 
6,834 


i.eso 


6,015 


1  61,076 

tl,773 
§3,420 


30,678 
§4,206 


38,010 
16,983 


8,840 

U25,6U 


1,819 


1S.393 


10,909 
tll,6S6 


New  Incorporations. 

The  following  companies  have  been  incorporated, 
and  papers  filed  in  the  office  of  the  Superior  Court, 
department  10,  San  Francisco: 

Belvjdere  M.  Co.,  Feb.  1.  Location,  Sierra 
Co.  Capital  stock,  $  too, 000.  Dirpctors — Charles 
E.  Cahn,  Edward  Lande,  Bert  Schlesinger,  )ohn 
Cain  and  Edward  J.  Jackson. 

Central  American  Development  Co.,  Feb. 
4.  Object,  to  deal  in  real  and  personal  property. 
Capital  stock,  $1,000,000.  Directors — W.  L,  Merry, 
W.  B.  Ewer,  Richard  Hoskin,  Geo,  W.  Ostom, 
Thos.  W.  Jackson,  Frederick  Holmes  and  W,  C. 
Quinby. 

Mascot  M.  Co.,  Feb.  5.  Location,  Nevada. 
Capital  stock,  $1,000,000.  Directors— Wm.  Gauge, 
David  Hunter,  Herbert  Spencer,  H.  W,  Waller, 
and  L.  C.  Fraser. 

J.  A.  FoLGER  Co.,  Feb.  5.  Object,  to  carry  on 
the  grocery  business  of  the  late  James  A  Folger. 
Directors— Elizabeth  B.  Folger,  Charles  J.  Paddock, 
Henry  Wadsworth,  Robert  R.  Vail  and  John  H. 
Titcomb.     Capital  stock,  $400,000. 

River,  Harbor  and  Canal  Dredging  Co., 
Feb.  5.  {Incorporated  under  the  laws  of  Colorado.) 
Capital  stock,  $1,000,000.  Directors— W.  L,  Merry, 
W.  W.  Montague,  A.  Boschke,  W.  H.  H.  Hart 
and  F.  Burrell. 


Meetings  and  Elections. 

Annual  meetings  and  elections  have  been  held  by 
the  following  mining  companies  : 

California  Powder  Works,  Feb.  3:  Presi- 
dent, G.  T.  Lawton;  superintendent,  B.  Peyton; 
secretary,  John  F.  Lohse;  Directors— G.  T.  Law- 
ton,  J,  B,  Haggio,  John  Bermingham,  M.  A,  de 
Laveaga,  B.  Peyton. 

Pacific  Rolling  Mill  Co.,  Feb.  5:  Directors 
— William  Alvord,  N.  Luning,  James  G.  Fair,  Ed- 
ward Coleman  and  L.  C.  Bresse.  Subsequently  the 
following  officers  were  elected:  Wm.  Alvord,  presi- 
dent; L.  B.  Benchley,  general  manager;  Patrick 
Noble,  superintendent,  and  C.  M.  Keeney,  secre- 
tary and  treasurer. 

Bullion  Shipments. 

We  quote  shipments  since  our  last,  and  shall  be 
pleased  to  receive  further  reports: 

Commonwealth,  Feb.  2,  $15,000;  Cons.  Cal.  and 
Virginia,  SSo.oco;  Young  America  South,  $6015; 
Hanauer,  Jan.  28,  $4200;  Germania,  29,  $6192; 
Hanauer,  29,  $3175;  Germania,  30,  $5459:  Common- 
wealth, 6,  $19,000.     Total  for  January,  $117,000. 

Don't  Fail  to  Write. 

Should  thiB  paper  De  reoeived  by  any  Bubscrlber  who 
doea  not  want  it,  or  beyond  the  time  he  intends  to  pay 
for  it,  let  him  not  fall  to  write  ub  direct  to  stop  it.  A 
postal  card  (costing  one  cent  only)  will  suffice.  We  will 
not  knowingly  aend  the  paper  to  any  one  who  does  not 
wish  it,  bub  U  It  is  continued,  through  the  failure  of  the 
enbBOrlbor  to  notify  us  to  dlaconthiue  It,  or  BOme  lire- 
Bponslble  p»Tty  reqnoflfced  to  Bfion  it,  we  flhalt  poaifiveW 
demand  pavment  for  the  time  It  la  aent  LooK  OAEHFUUiT 
AT  THB  IiABHL  ON  YOUR  PiSS&t 


96 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Feb.  8,  1890 


n^ECHAJMIGAL  PROGRESS. 


Is  the  Blacksmith  in  Danger  ? 

Several  articles  have  recently  appeared  in 
oar  technical  exchanges  which  aeem  to  imply 
that  the  ancient  and  time-honored  trade  of  the 
blacksmith  is  in  danger  of  coming  to  an  end 
through  improvements  in  machinery.  A  oorre- 
spondent  of  the  Blacksmith  and  Wheelwright 
takes  up  the  ondgel  for  the  trade,  which  that 
joarnal  specially  represents,  in  the  following 
somewhat||vigorona  manner: 

Undoubtedly  machinery  has  damaged  some 
trades  and  entirely  destroyed  others,  but  just 
as  long  as  wrought  iron  is  used,  the  black- 
smith's trade,  though  it  may  be  modified,  will 
not  be  destroyed.  And  further,  until  a  metal 
as  good  and  as  abundant,  and  as  cheap  can  be 
found,  and  one  that  can  be  welded — mark  the 
word  welded,  for  the  weld  makes  all  the  differ- 
ence between  the  smith  and  the  tinker — there 
is  no  fear  bat  what  good  blacksmiths  will  be  in 
demand.  A  recent  correspondent  of  your  jour- 
nal says:  **  Ouce  he — the  smith — needed  skill 
to  make  horseshoes,  horse-nails,  and  sometimes 
part  of  his  simpler  tools.  His  spare  boars  used 
to  be  occupied  in  producing  a  supply  of  these 
requisites  of  his  trade.  Now  they  are  manu- 
factured by  machinery,  etc."  All  that  is  true 
and  more  too;  the  blacksmith  once  made  all  his 
own  tools,  and  also  made  the  tools  for  every 
other  trade,  but  not  in  my  day.  If  the  smith 
is  a  good  workman  he  makes  and  repairs  many 
of  his  own  tools  yet,  and  makes  better  ones 
than  he  can  buy.  In  the  large  cities  they  are 
still  generally  making  horseshoes  by  hand,  for 
the  reason  that  machine-made  shoes  are  too 
soft  and  soon  wear  out  on  paved  and  macadam 
roads. 

Let  me  tell  the  author  of  the  above,  a  good 
blacksmith  needs  all  the  skill  he  ever  did,  just 
as  much  now,  in  fact,  I  think  more.  Sixty 
years  ago  there  was  no  farm  machinery  either 
manufactured  or  to  be  repaired.  The  thrash- 
ers, the  cora-shellers,  both  steam  and  horse- 
power, the  reaper  and  mower,  the  sulky  and 
gang-plow,  the  seed-sower,  both  for  corn  and 
small  grain,  to  say  nothing  of  the  various  kinds 
of  harrows,  the  horse  corn-cultivator,  the 
horse  hay-rake,  and  many  other  of  the  farmers' 
machiues  have  all  come  into  use  within  the  last 
half  century,  and  all  of  them  are  American  in- 
ventions. 

Fifty  years  ago  the  blacksmith  had  very  lit- 
tle work  duriog  harvest-time,  and  many  of 
them  left  the  shop  to  mow  grass  or  cradle  small 
grain.  Now  for  six  weeks  before  and  during 
harvest  be  is  kept  busy  repairing  farm  imple- 
ments. Yes,  and  it  requires  no  little  skill  to 
sucoesBfuliy  repair  such  work.  Then  again,  in 
the  Eastern  States,  at  least,  in  those  days  there 
was  no  such  thiog  as  a  steel  plow,  all  cast  iron; 
now  they  are  nearly  all  steel.  Does  that  look 
as  if  the  blacksmith  was  in  much  danger  ?  Bat 
some  one  may  say  he  will  be  seriously  dam- 
aged by  the  nailless  horseshoe.  Not  much. 
Kead  what  they  say:  '*Itis  requisite  that  a 
horseshoe  that  can  be  applied  without  the 
skilled  labor  of  the  farrier,  should  be  easily  ad- 
justable, should  require  the  use  of  no  special 
coob,  should  be  anacomically  suited  to  the  form 
of  the  foot,  should  entail  no  inconvenience  to 
the  horse  in  his  daily  work,  and  should  not  be 
liable  to  set  up  new  dangers  and  difficulties  as 
bad,  perhaps,  as  those  it  was  designed  to  cure." 
Now  does  not  that  read  just  exactly  like  what 
is  said  about  patent  medicines  ?  And  still 
further,  describing  the  nailless  shoe,  it  says: 
"The  manufacturers  claim  for  it  that  it  oanses 
no  pain  to  the  animal  either  in  putting  on  or 
taking  off  the  shoe,  assists  instead  of  prevent- 
ing the  free  and  easy  action  of  the  animal,  ob> 
viates  sand  cracks,  brushlug  or  cutting,  is  not 
heavier  than  the  ordinary  shoe,  is  more  dura- 
ble, and  last,  but  certainly  not  the  least  in  its 
favor  is,  that  a  stable  boy  can  quickly  adjust 
it.  The  shoe  is  adapted  for  all  purposes,  and  of 
all  kinds." 

What  do  you  think  of  that,  horseshoers? 
One  paragraph  begins,  the  other  ends  np,  by 
putting  yon  down  on  a  level  with  the  stable 
boys  1  So  any  man  or  boy  can  easily  jff  horse- 
shoes, can  they  ? 

Hardening  and  Tempering  Steel. — It  has 
been  remarked  that,  la  the  whole  range  of 
the  mechanical  arts.  It  is  scarcely  possible  to 
find  another  process  at  once  so  simple  and  so 
common  in  principle,  and  yet  so  little  under- 
stood in  theory,  as  the  hardening  and  temper- 
ing of  steel.  This  is  illustrated,  for  instance, 
in  the  hardening  and  tempering  of  the  cold 
jbisel,  usually  done  at  one  oparation.  Thus, 
after  heating  the  point,  it  is  dipped  in  cold 
water,  the  tool  in  this  way  becoming  hardsned, 
and  after  cooling,  the  operator  lifts  the  steel 
from  the  water  and  watches  it  closely  as  the 
heat  remaining  in  the  body  of  the  metal  diffuses 
itself  through  the  hardened  portion.  As  the 
heat  spreads,  the  color  passes  from  a  white 
luster  to  a  pale  yellow,  to  a  straw  color,  to  a 
brownish  orange,  the  point  being  now  dropped 
into  water  again,  that  after  cooling  the  temper 
may  be  that  desired.  If  delay  had  attended 
the  operation,  the  brown  would  be  dappled 
with  purple,  then  passing  successively  into 
full  purple,  light  blue,  full  blue,  dark  bine, 
each  color  giving  its  own  temper  upon  cooling, 
as  bright  blue  for  swords  and  watch-springs, 
dark  blue  for  saws,  etc.  The  philosophy  of 
this  has  bafQed  scientifio  research,  although 
upon  the  correct  solution  of  the  problem  de- 
pends that  blending  of  maximum  hardness  and 


toughness  which  is  such  a  desideratum.  Now 
either  is  procurable  at  pleasure,  as  the  colder 
the  bath  the  harder  the  steel,  and  the  slower, 
as  in  oil,  the  tougher;  but  extreme  hard- 
ness is  produced  at  the  cost  of  tenacity,  and 
vice  versa. 

Disposing  of  Old  Rails. 

There  are  two  ways  of  cheaply  econo- 
mizing old  rails.  One  method  is  that  re- 
cently introduced  by  Edwin  U,  Wassel 
of  Pittsburg.  This  method  consists  of  a 
process  whereby  old  rails  can  be  readily 
converted  into  a  soft  merchantable  bar  steel, 
suitable  for  horseshoes  and  kindred  purposes. 
The  old  rails  are  first  treated  in  the  furnaces 
and  then  rolled  into  billets  through  the  muck 
rolls.  These  are  then  transferred  to  the 
bath  furnace  and  submitted  to  a  slag  bath, 
after  which  they  are  removed  and  run  through 
the  niue-inch  mill,  whence  they  are  turned  out 
and  put  into  merchantable  shape.  Experi- 
ments thus  far,  says  the  Industrial  Worlds  jasti- 
fy  the  claims  made  by  Mr.  Wassel  in  behalf  of 
his  invention,  and  a  company  is  In  progress  of 
organization  for  the  purpose  of  operating  the 
patent.    Another  process  consists  of 

A  Machine  For  Reduclns  Large  Balls 

To  those  of  smaller  dimensions.  Says  an  ex- 
change: There  are  thousands  of  tons  of  old  rails 
of  large  pattern  that  have  done  long  service 
and  are  more  or  less  battered  and  worn.  These 
rails  are  in  too  bad  a  condition  to  continne  in 
use  with  safety,  and  yet  too  good  to  throw 
away.  There  is  abundant  use  and  demand  for 
small  rails  for  lighter  purposes,  and  the  Urge 
rails  can  just  as  well  be  utilized,  as  they  are 
already  in  good  shape  to  reduce  and  elongate. 
Messrs,  Scholl  &  Wolf,  of  Soranton,  Pa.,  have 
devised  an  attachment  to  the  rail  rolling  mill, 
whereby  old  rails  of  the  large  patterns  can  be 
readily  reducedj  and  each  rail  greatly  extended 
in  smooth,  finished  condition,  entirely  new  and 
good  for  a  full  term  of  additional  service.  The 
first  requisite  in  the  reduction  of  the  large  rail 
is  to  compress  the  web  vertically  to  bring  the 
crown  and  base  closer  together,  enabling  the 
rail  to  be  inserted  into  the  annular  forming 
creases  of  the  rolls.  At  a  suitable  point  on  the 
lower  roll  is  an  annular  groove  to  engage  the 
crown  of  the  inverted  rail.  Correspondingly 
above  is  a  smooth  peripheral  space  of  the  upper 
roll  that  engages  the  base  of  the  inverted  rail, 
and  the  mutual  compressing  of  the  engaging 
rolls  compacts  the  web  of  the  rail,  which 
is  of  course  previously  heated  in  suitable  fire- 
beds.  In  order  to  maintain  the  rail  in  a  true 
vertical  position,  the  inventors  provide  longi- 
tudinal guides,  which  closely  embrace  the  side 
recesses  of  the  rails,  and  hold  them  from  cantiug 
over  or  from  misshaping  the  web.  These 
guides  are  secured  to  vertical  guard  posts,  and 
are  arranged  to  be  removable  when  not  in  use. 
A  roller  journaled  at  the  point  of  introduction 
to  the  guides  enables  the  rail  to  glide  easily 
toward  the  rolls.  One,  two  or  three  of  these 
compressing  courses  may  ba  provided,  as  de- 
sired. After  the  rail  is  reduced  in  size,  it  can 
be  run  through  the  regular  reducing  series  in 
the  usual  manner  until  the  required  size  is 
arrived  at.  Aside  from  the  value  of  this  de- 
vice in  the  service  it  is  capable  of  rendering,  it 
is  additionally  important  from  the  fact  that  the 
rail  guides  can  be  added  to  the  regular  guards 
with  but  little  expense,and  without  any  material 
alteration  of  regular  working  .arrangements; 
hence  hundreds  of  dollars  and  valuable  space 
are  saved  in  not  requiring  a  special  machine  to 
compact  the  web  of  che  rail  to  get  it  into  work- 
ing shape. 

Abodt  Spiral  Springs. — The  Boston  Journal 
of  Commerce  says :  How  many  have  nnder- 
taken  to  wind  a  coil  spring  only  to  find  that 
they  have  got  it  much  larger  in  diameter  than 
what  they  sought  for,  and  the  only  way  oat  of 
the  difficulty  has  been  to  draw  the  wire  out 
straight  again  and  try  it  once  more  on  a  smaller 
arbor.  It  is  much  better  to  leave  the  coil  as  it 
is  and  fasten  one  end  to  a  shaft  of  the  right 
size  and  reduce  the  diameter  by  means  of  a 
hood-clamp  such  as  the  carpenters  use.  Place 
the  clamp  over  four  or  five  coils  and  tighten 
them  up  solid  and  set  the  shaft  in  motion.  The 
clamp  will  be  carried  along  as  if  it  were 
clamped  on  to  a  screw-thread,  and  the  coil 
will  be  much  reduced  by  the  operation.  Again, 
the  same  journal  said  :  We  have  been  aaked 
how  we  should  enlarge  a  spiral  spring  so  that 
it  will  slip  on  easily  over  a  steam  pipe.  For  a 
slight  enlargement  it  can  first  be  screwed  on  to 
quite  a  large  arbor  by  turning  it  in  the  right 
direction,  and  then  given  a  set  by  screwing  the 
band-clamp  tightly  on  three  or  four  coils,  and 
allow  the  spring  to  revolve  till  the  clamp  has 
traversed  from  one  end  to  the  other.  The 
clamps  also  work  well  in  winding  a  spring  by 
first  taking  three  or  four  turns  by  hand,  wind- 
ing the  coils  as  far  apart  as  may  be  desired, 
then  clasping  them  firmly  with  a  wooden  hand- 
clamp,  turning  the  arbor  either  by  power  or 
with  the  crank  motion.  The  coils  sink  into 
the  wood,  form  a  nut,  and  the  spring  comes 
screwing  out  of  the  clamp  with  a  true  and  even 
pitch  throughout. 

Welding  Steel  to  Brass.— It  is  said  that 
the  Thomson  Electric  Welding  Company  has 
just  made  a  successful  experiment  in  welding 
steel  pipes  to  brass  in  a  way  that  the  steel  will 
split  longitudinally  without  affecting  the  weld- 
ing. The  aim  was  to  weld  brass  boiler  flues  to 
steel  safe  ends,  which  is  of  much  importance, 
as  steel  will  stand  more  heat  than  the  brass. 


SeiENTiFie  Prqqress. 


strange  Phenomenon. 

A  Phosphorescent  Arch  Observed  In  the 
Sky. 

A  curious  phenomenon  of  nature  was  wit- 
nessed near  here,  says  a  special  from  Hearne, 
Texas,  to  the  Philadelphia  Times,  by  the  north- 
bound passenger  train  on  the  Houston  & 
Texas  Central,  which  passes  this  point  at  2:25 
o'clock  in  the  morning.  It  was  in  the  form  of 
a  luminous  arch  of  a  phosphoric  or  eleotrioal 
character.  The  luminous  mist  was  first  ob- 
served by  the  engineer  when  it  was  still  sev- 
eral hnndred  yards  ahead  of  the  train,  and 
thinking  it  a  prairie  fire,  he  slowed  np,  thus 
arousing  the  passengers,  who,  with  the  crew, 
crowded  to  the  windows  and  platforms  to  look 
at  the  vast  hueless  rainbow  spanning  the 
heavens. 

As  the  arch  was  more  closely  approached, 
its  dim,  white  radiance  was  seen  to  be  clearly 
defined  against  the  sky  as  though  painted  there 
by  the  sweep  of  a  brush  dipped  in  white  fire. 
The  stars  could  be  seen  shining  close  against 
the  rim  of  it,  and  all  around  and  under  the 
arch.  The  shape,  as  near  as  could  be  guessed 
at,  was  half  a  mile  in  diameter,  though  it 
seemed  gradually  widening  and  was  in  form  the 
half  of  a  perfect  circle,  one  leg  resting  on  the 
earth,  while  the  other  appeared  to  have  been 
broken  off  near  the  base. 

The  arch  rose  directly  over  the  track,  and  as 
the  train  approached  it  seemed  to  gather  a 
quicker  tincture  of  luster,  as  of  the  diamond  or 
some  clear,  glittering  star,  though  it  threw  no 
gleam  upon  the  air  beyond  its  own  irradiation, 
as  could  be  seen  by  the  stars  shining  in  close 
proximity  to  it.  When  the  train  passed  di- 
rectly under  the  bridge  of  light,  the  surround- 
ing country  spanned  by  it  became  plainly  visi- 
ble, appearing  to  be  bathed  in  pale  moonlight. 

A  curious  feature  of  the  luminosity  was  that 
while  it  gave  all  objects  a  weird,  unreal  aspect, 
the  shadows  which  It  caused  them  to  throw 
were  black  and  as  clearly  defiaed  as  silhou- 
ettes. In  a  few  minutes  after  the  train  passed 
under  the  arch  it  seemed  to  fade  away,  melting 
gradually  into  the  starlit  sky.  The  night,  as 
it  will  be  remembered,  was  fair  and  fogless. 
There  was  no  moon,  so  the  arch  must  have 
been  self-luminous, 

[Such  occurrences  as  the  above,  although 
rare,  are  not  without  precedents.  We  well 
recollect  an  occurrence  of  the  kind  which  was 
seen  in  many  parts  of  New  England  in  the  sum- 
mer of  1S34,  and  which  exhibited  precisely  the 
same  phenomena  as  above  described.  The 
writer  was  at  the  time  pursuing  bis  studies  at 
Brown  University,  Providence,  R,  I.  The 
first  appearance  of  the  phenomena  was  about 
nine  in  the  evening,  and  in  the  northern  por- 
tion of  the  sky.  It  formed  a  complete  arch 
across  the  sky  and  gradually  moved  toward 
and  a  little  past  the  zenith,  jast  beyond  which 
it  slowly  faded  away.  Its  duration  was  an 
honr  or  more,  as  we  now  recollect  it.  The 
students  were  all  called  out  upon  the 
**  campus,"  in  front  of  the  college  buildings, 
where  one  of  the  professors  improved  the  op- 
portunity by  giving  us  an  impromptu,  but  very 
instructive  and  interesting,  lecture  on  '*  the 
northern  lights,"  with  which  phenomena  it 
was,  in  the  mind  of  the  professor,  intimately 
connected.] 

The  Forming  of  a  Waterspout. 

It  is  not  often,  If  ever  before  the  occurrence 
hereinafter  noted,  that  any  one  who  was  capa 
ble  of  particularly  observing  the  phenomena, 
has  observed  the  actual  origin  of  a  waterspout 
either  on  sea  or  land.  The  following  facts  were 
recently  communicated  to  the  New  York  Times 
by  Mr.  F,  W.  Williams,  who  was  an  eye- 
witness of  the  occurrence.  Go  the  Ist  day  of 
January,  1840,  the  ship  Splendid  of  New  York, 
while  on  her  voyage  from  that  port  to  Canton, 
China,  was  lying  becalmed  off  the  west  coast  of 
the  island  of  Borneo.  It  was  very  hot,  and 
there  was  not  wind  enough  to  be  felt  with  a 
wet  finger.  At  6  in  the  morning,  about  eight 
rods  from  the  ship,  a  rippling  of  the  water  over 
about  half  an  acre  was  seen.  We  watched  it 
closely,  supposing  it  to  be  made  by  fiah;  but 
no  fish  being  seen,  a  tide  rip  was  thought  to 
be  the  cause.  All  hands  were  looking  at  it. 
The  rippling  increased  in  violence,  steam  In 
small  puffs  arose  all  over  the  rippling  surface, 
moving  about  with  a  jerky  motion,  then  it  be- 
gan to  gather  in  a  body  and  rise  upward  with 
a  circular  motion,  assnming  a  cone  shape. 
This  caused  all  to  look  upward  to  the  sky.  To 
our  surprise  we  saw  a  small,  white,  fleecy 
cloud  directly  over  the  rippling  water,  from 
which  was  coming  down  a  cone-shaped  white 
cloud.  The  white  cones  from  cloud  and  water 
approached  each  other  and  joined,  making  the 
form  of  an  hour-glass;  the  water  of  the  ocean 
began  to  go  up  with  a  circular  motion,  and 
went  up  the  white  cloud  in  the  sky.  As  the 
water  rose,  the  column  became  dark,  showing  a 
hollow  in  the  center   like  a  thermometer  tube. 

When  the  water  reached  the  cloud  in  the 
sky,  we  could  see  it  spread  over  the  cloud  like 
water  poured  on  the  ground;  as  the  water 
spread  the  oload  became  almost  blaok  in  color 


The  column  remained  near  the  ship  until  the 
cloud  in  the  sky  had  become  large  and  blaok. 
Then  a  current  of  wind  above  started  the 
cloud,  moving  it  very  slowly  to  the  eastward, 
dragging  the  column  of  water  along,  the  water 
still  rising  from  the  ocean,  and  the  black  cloud 
growing  larger  all  the  time.  It  went  about 
six  miles  from  the  ship.  Then  the  column 
parted  in  the  middle — one  cone  shape  was 
drawn  upward,  the  other  dropped  back  into 
the  ocean.  During  this  time  (about  one  hoar) 
and  until  12  o'clock  noon  a  dead  calm  pre- 
vailed on  the  water.  Not  a  cloud  was  to  be 
seen  in  the  sky  except  the  one  mentioned.  It 
was  a  grand  and  beautiful  sight,  never  to  be 
forgotten. 

We  had  seen  many  waterspouts  at  a  distance 
before  this  one,  and  supposed,  as  we  had  been 
taught  in  school,  they  were  caused  by  whirl- 
winds. Some  time  after  arrival  at  my  home 
in  Syracuse,  N,  Y.,  Lieut.  Maury,  United 
States  navy,  came  there  and  gave  a  lecture  on 
the  "  Winds  and  Currents  of  the  Ocean."  When 
he  was  through  I  went  to  him  and  asked  what 
earned  waterspouts  on  the  ocean.  He  answered: 
"Whirlwinds."  I  then  asked:  "If  one  is 
formed  in  a  dead  calm,  what  then  is  the  cause  ?" 
His  answer  was:  *'  When  such  things  happen, 
for  which  we  know  not  the  cause,  we  say  elec- 
tricity may  have  done  it.  From  observations 
on  the  ocean  I  am  certain  that  electricity  will 
be  found  to  be  the  canse  of  many  things  that 
there  occur," 


Disease  Microbes. — The  microbe,  says  a 
contemporary,  is  the  first  living  thing  which 
makes  its  appearance  in  organic  matter  under- 
going decompoaition.  It  is  so  small  as  to  be 
scarcely  distinguishable  in  its  various  species. 
The  fact  that  the  germs  of  disease  caused  ter- 
rible maladies  was  discovered  by  M.  Pasteur. 
Among  the  contagions  diseases  spread  by 
microbes  are  smallpox,  tuberoulosiR,  bron- 
chitis and  yellow  fever.  The  microbe  which 
attacks  the  human  system  is  threadlike  and 
cylindrical  in  form,  and  breeds  at  the  rate  of  a 
thousand  a  minute,  Pasteur  holds  that  the 
quickest  way  to  destroy  them  is  to  inhale  oxy- 
gen freely,  but  physicians  say  there  are  some 
diseases  which  this  gaseous  treatment  would 
destroy,  while  there  are  others  which  would 
not  be  likely  to  be  affected  materially  by  it.  If 
a  man  shut  himself  up  In  a  room  and  kept  the 
air  therein  loaded  with  sulphur  fames,  the 
chances  are,  of  course,  he  would  not  fall  a  vio< 
tim  to  any  distemper  oaused  by  bacteria;  but 
an  occasional  inhalation  of  such  is  not,  by  any 
means,  likely  to  prevent  infection.  The  most 
active  of  all  microbes  yet  discovered  is  said  to 
be  **  la  grippe  "  microbe.  When  seen  by  the 
aid  of  a  microscope  of  5000  diameters  only  a 
faint  outline  of  their  various  forms  can  be  dis- 
cerned. The  covering  or  coat  of  the  bacteria, 
80  far  as  can  be  ascertained,  is  a  gelatinous 
matter  nearly  transparent.  The  powerful 
lights  required  to  illuminate  the  disc  on  which 
the  semi-transparent  germs  are  shown  some- 
times prevent  their  being  seen,  the  rays  of 
light  being  much  coarser  than  the  microbes 
themselves.  There  are  two  special  recognized 
forms  of  poisons,  gases  and  fluids;  both  are 
known  to  be  filled  with  these  germs,  and  large 
numbers  of  them  are  inhaled  daily,  many  of 
which  manage  to  impact  themselves  in  the  sys- 
tem. It  Is  coming  to  be  a  generally  lecog-  , 
nized  fact  that  all  diseases  are  due  to  fermenta- 
tion, and  that  the  presence  of  microbes  in  the 
system  is  the  cause  of  the  same. 

The  Cokfus  Callosum  is  a  small  sponcy 
body  situated  just  at  the  base  of  the  brain.  The 
object  and  functions  of  this  portion  of  the 
human  anatomy  has  long  puzzled  the  minds  of  our 
most  learned  physicians.  There  is  a  certain  class 
of  spiritualistic  teachers  who  have  made  the 
bnman  anatomy  a  special  study,  who  hold  that 
this  organ  is  a  separate  but  as  yet  undeveloped 
brain,  which  will  gradually  develop  with  the 
mental  and  spiritual  development  of  the  race, 
and  that  finally  it  will  become  the  ruling  organ 
of  mental  and  moral  activity — that  it  will  at 
some  futnre  time  become  the  medium  through 
which  man  will  become  perfectly  familiar  with 
what  are  now  sometimes  called  the  "  occult 
sciences,"  or  those  sciences  upon  which  depend 
the  phenomena  of  mesmerism,  modern  spirit- 
ualism, clairvoyance,  foretelling  of  future 
events,  etc.  Quite  recently,  according  to  a  late 
article  in  the  Electrical  World,  Dr.  A.  H, 
Sbevens  of  Philadelphia,  a  gentleman  of  some 
considerable  note  as  a  medical  student,  has  put 
forth  the  idea  that  this  organ  constitutes  the 
special  location  of  the  soul  or  mind  of  man.  He 
says  :  "  The  corpus  callosum  is  the  seat  of  the 
imperishable  mind,  and  is  the  great  reservoir 
and  storehouse  of  electricity,  which  is  ab- 
stracted from  the  blood  of  the  arteries  and  con- 
veyed through  the  nerves  up  the  spinal  ^cord  to 
the  corpus  callosum." 

The  Original  Gatltng.  —  According  to 
Notes  and  Queries,  the  Gatling  gun  and  re- 
volver was  foreshadowed  as  long  ago  as  1720. 
About  that  time  one  James  Packle,  an  origmal 
and  inventive  genius,  published  an  engraving 
on  which  was  represented  a  large  revolving 
gun,  mounted  on  a  tripod,  the  breech  of  which 
was  to  be  turned  by  hand,  and  which  contained 
six  chambers  similar  to  the  earliest  revolving 
pistols.  -The  piece  could  be  elevated  or  turned 
in  any  desired  direction.  The  part  containing 
the  chambers  was  removable  at  will. 


Cork. — A  sheet  of  cork  one  pound  in  weight 
will  support  the  body  of  a  man  in  water. 


Feb.  8,  1890.J 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


97 


SOOD  HE:ALTH, 


Turpentine  Treatment. 

A  writer  in  the  Medical  and  Surgical  Journal 
■ftya:  "  I  have  been  uaiog  pure  oil  of  turpen* 
tine  ID  ȣFectioDB  of  the  throat  and  laogs  for 
gome  time,  and  dnd  better  and  more  satis- 
fsotory  reaalta  than  from  any  other  remedy  I 
eviJT  tried.  I  use  the  ordinary  hand  ato> 
miser,  and  throw  a  spray  of  the  liquid  into  the 
throat  every  few  minutes,  or  at  looger  inter- 
vals,  aooordlng  to  the  gravity  of  the  case.  The 
bulb  of  the  iDBtrument  should  be  oompressed 
as  the  act  of  inspiration  commences,  so  aa  to 
insure  application  of  the  remedy  to  the  whole 
surface,  which  can  be  done  in  cases  of  children 
very  successfully.  It  is  sarprising  how  a 
diphtheritic  membrane  will  melt  away  under  an 
almost  constant  spray  of  pure  oil  of  turpen- 
tine. I  now  use  the  turpentine  spray  when- 
ever a  child  complains  of  sore  throat  of  any 
kind.  In  oases  of  tuberculosis  of  the  lungs, 
broDobitia  and  the  latter  stages  of  pneumonia, 
I  have  found  the  turpentine  inhalation  very 
beneficial.  I  use  an  atomizer,  or  paper  fun- 
nel, from  which  the  turpentine  may  bo  in- 
haled at  will.  I  hang  around  the  bed  and  in 
the  room  flannel  oloths  saturated  with  oil  of 
turpentine,  in  all  cases  of  catarrhal  bronchitis 
— in  fact,  in  all  afT^otions  of  the  air  passages, 
and  my  patients  invariably  express  themselves 
as  being  very  mnch  relieved." 
Terebene. 
Qalto  recently  we  are  told  of  anew  prepara- 
tion from  turpentine,  which  is  probably  leaa 
harsh  in  its  action  than  the  oil,  and,  perhaps, 
quite  as  effective.  This  preparation  is  known 
as  "terebene."  It  is  a  clear,  colorless  liquid, 
with  an  odor  of  '*  fresh  sawn  pine  wood."  It  is 
prepared  from  turpentine  by  the  action  of  sul- 
phuric acid.  This  is  practically  a  new  remedy, 
and  has  been  but  little  used  by  physicians  in 
this  country,  but  some  in  England  have  evi- 
dently given  it  a  good  trial.  Its  special 
efficacy  appears  to  be  in  diseases  of  the 
mucoas  membranes,  aa  is  the  case  with  tur- 
pentine. OuB  physician  reports  having  used  it 
in  over  one  hundred  cases  of  what  he  terms 
'*  winter  cough,"  which  is  evidently  part  acute 
and  part  obrooic.  He  found  that,  in  very  many 
cases  where  every  form  of  treatment  which  bad 
been  employed  had  proved  valueleea,  terebene 
had  a  marvelous  effect,  expectoration  becom 
ing  freer,  the  breathing  better,  and  the  general 
condition  much  more  comfortable.  The  medi- 
cine was  usually  given  in  ten-drop  doses,  on 
sugar,  every  four  hours  at  first,  and  less  often 
aa  the  cough  improved.  In  the  most  obstinate 
oases  the  dose  was  doubled.  Terebene  is  prac- 
tically harmless,  but  twenty  drops  is  as  much 
as  one  ought  to  take,  and  the  physician  in 
question  says  it  is  best  to  begin  with  five  or 
six  drops  on  sugar  every  four  hours  and  grad- 
ually increase  to  the  maximum  dose  given. 
The  remedy  has  also  been  found  to  act  ex- 
ceedingly well  in  acidity  and  fiatulenoe,  from 
which  so  many  victims  of  chronic  bronchitis 
suffer  more  or  less.  In  terebene  it  is  evident 
that  physicians  have  a  valuable  addition  to 
their  list  of  remedies. 


TheMkamnu  op^F.  0.  B."— A  correspond- 
ent of  the  iron  Age  •wTiiet  to  that  joornal  as 
follows:  ''Please  give  me  through  your  col- 
umns  the  correct  meaning  of  the  business  term 
'  f.  o.  b.*  I  olaim  that  it  means  no  charge  for 
boxing  or  oartags;  that  there  should  not  be  any 
charges  of  any  kind  added  to  the  cost  of  the 
goods.  S^me  shippers  olaim  that  the  term 
applies  only  to  cartage  and  has  nothing  to  do 
with  boxinc;,  etc."  The  Jron  Age  answers  oa 
follows:  We  presume  there  are  few  business 
terms  that  create  more  discussion  than 
f.  0.  b."  During  the  summer  of  1S87,  the 
matter  was  brought  up,  and  we  secnred  opin- 
ions from  a  very  large  number  of  business  men 
11  over  the  country  and  printed  the  oorre- 
spondenoe.  The  replies  were  very  numerous, 
and  wo  continued  the  disousRion  of  the  anbjuot 
through  Boveral  montha.  Our  corresponaent 
could  not  do  better  than  to  look  up  the  tiles  of 
the  Iron  Age  and  read  the  contribution!)  to 
this  subject  published  between  July  and  Octo- 
ber, 1887.  The  opinions  expressed  in  these 
letters  were  pretty  evenly  divided  between  the 
two  interpretations  of  *'f.  o,  b." — whether  it 
meant  deliver  free  of  all  charge,  or  whether  it 
only  referred  to  the  cartage  and  left  the  box- 
ing to  be  charged  extra.  It  ia  generally  con- 
ceded, however,  that  the  best  interpretation  of 
the  term  means  free  of  all  charge,  and  that  if 
boxing  or  crating  is  to  be  added,  it  should  be 
so  stated  at  the  time  the  goods  are  sold.  This, 
however,  is  a  matter  of  opinion,  for  so  far  aa 
we  know  the  interpretation  has  never  been  ab* 
Bolutely  fixed. 

Stamp  and  Otuee  Collkctors,  —  There 
seems  to  be  a  mania  for  the  coUf^ction 
of  nselesa  thinga.  It  has  been  called  the 
"  philatello  mania."  One  of  the  latest  hobbies 
in  thia  direction  ia  a  man  who  the  Washington 
Post  says  is  devoting  his  time  to  collecting  old 
bottle  corks,  which  he  olaaeifieB  according  to 
the  liquor  their  bottlea  contained.  So  expert 
has  he  become  that  when  be  picks  up  a  cork  in 
the  street,  he  will  tell  on  the  instant  to  what 
class  it  belongs.  Of  course,  no  man'a  mind  can 
be  of  a  very  high  order  to  be  satiefied  with  do- 
ing nothing  but  colleot  bottle  corks  or  letter 
stamps.  It  ia  said  that  in  Germany,  Austria, 
and  in  some  of  the  petty  kingdoms  of  Earopo, 
the  stamp  collectors  are  getting  into  bad  repnte 
with  their  rcEpective  governments.  It  is 
thought  the  passion  leads  to  disloyalty  if  not 
to  anarchy,  for  the  reason  that  the  collector  is 
always  anxious  for  a  change  in  rulers,  as  that 
leads  to  changes  in  stamps,  which  widens  his 
opportunity  for  business.  There  are  said  to  be 
at  least  200  old  stamp-shops  in  Europe  which 
are  looked  upon  as  hotbeds  of  sedition.  They 
even  have  a  newspaper  conducted  in  the  in- 
toreat  of  the  bueiness,  called  the  Philatelic 
Record.  A  travesty  on  the  old  saying  reads 
as  follows:  '*  Uneaay  lies  the  head  that's  on  a 
stamp,"  for  the  fear  that  a  new  face  may  ap- 
pear thereon. 


and  at  night  a  blue  lantern,  which  will  be  car- 
ried to  fires  for  the  purpose  of  indicating  where 
the  anperior  ofiioer  oan  be  fonnd,  tbo  pole  be- 
ing shifted  as  occasion  requires. 

An  internation&l  exhibition  of  postage-atamps 
will  bo  held  in  Vienna  next  year  in  commem- 
oration of  the  50th  anniversary  of  their  Intro- 
do  otion. 


ELECTPjeiTT. 


Take  A  Day  in  Bed. — There  ia  no  better 
preventive  of  nervous  exhaustion  than  regu- 
lar, unhurried,  muscular  exercise.  If  we  could 
moderate  our  hurry,  lessen  our  worry,  and  in- 
crease our  open-air  exerciee,  a  large  proportion 
of  nervoua  disease  would  be  abolished.  I'or 
those  who  cannot  get  a  anfficlent  holiday,  the 
best  substitute  is  an  occaaional  day  in  bed. 
Many  whose  nervea  are  constantly  strained  in 
their  daily  vocation  have  discoverf  d  this  for 
themselves,  A  Spanish  merchant  in  Barcelona 
told  his  medical  man  that  be  always  went  to 
bed  for  two  or  three  days  whenever  he  could 
be  spared  from  his  business,  and  he  laughed  at 
those  who  spent  their  holiday  on  toilsome 
mountaina.  One  of  the  hardest  worked  women 
in  England,  who  has  for  many  years  conducted 
a  largo  wholesale  bnainess,  retains  excellent 
nerves  at  an  advanced  age,  owing,  it  is  be- 
lievad,  to  her  habit  of  taking  one  day  a  week 
in  bed. — Boston   Traveller, 


Ozone  and  Health. — One  of  the  great 
causes  of  the  excess  of  sickness  In  cities  over 
country  residence  comes  from  the  lack  of  ozone 
in  the  city.  Sir  Edwin  Chadwick,  known  in 
England  aa  *'  the  father  of  sanitary  science," 
says  there  is  no  ozone  at  the  surface  of  the 
thickly-built  streets  of  London — at  the  base  of 
Sfc.  Paul's  for  instance — but  there  is  at  the 
summit,  and  if  pumping  machinery  which 
would  pump  down  the  ozone  from  above  were 
put  in  motion,  the  health  of  great  cities  would 
be  much  better  than  at  present. 

Grief  and  Pain  come  alike  to  all,  and  can- 
not be  escaped  by  any;  broken  hearts  are  to  be 
found  in  palaces  as  well  as  in  cottages,  and  the 
bond  of  brotherhood  seems  strongest  when  love 
and  pity  unite  all  hearts,  and  reverence  for 
what  is  good  lifts  up  our  eoals. 

Carelessness  the  Chief  Cause. — A  man 
in  Cincinnati  who  has  preserved  a  record  of 
320  railroad  accidents  in  this  country  during 
the  paat  year  finds  that  only  13  occurred  from 
oanaes  beyond  human  control. 

Room  at  the  Top. — Yea,  there  is  plenty  of 
room  at  the  top,  and  there  always  will  be,  un- 
lesB  facilities  for  getting  there  are  improved. 


The  Gulf  Stream  Not  Responsible. — The 
theory  that  the  Gult  Stream  is  responsible  for 
our  abnormal  weather,  by  hugging  our  coast 
cloaer  than  in  past  years,  is  denied.  It  is 
pointed  out  that  the  warm  current  issuing  from 
the  Gulf  of  Mexico  can  only  affect  the  weather 
by  conveying  heat  and  moisture  to  the  air 
overlying  it,  and  then  transferring  these  con- 
ditions to  the  land  by  air  currents.  But  the 
truth  ia  that  the  prevailing  winds  pasBlng  over 
the  Gulf  Stream  blow  toward  the  northeast, 
and  away  from  our  coast.  They  modify  the 
olimate  of  Northern  Europe,  just  as  the  air 
passing  over  the  Japan  current  gives  a  mild 
climate  to  British  Columbia  and  Oalifornia.  Of 
course,  at  times,  we  have  southeasterly  winds, 
and  the  temperature  and  rainfall  of  the  At- 
lantic seaboard  is  materially  affected  thereby; 
but  the  difference  of  a  hundred  miles  or  more 
in  the  position  of  the  Gulf  Stream  would  have 
in  itself  little  effect  on  our  home  climate.  The 
distribution  of  barometric  pressure  and  marked 
departures  from  normal  pressure,  from  what- 
ever cause  they  may  arise,  are  much  more  like- 
ly to  bring  about  abnormal  weather,  and  we 
must  study  such  changes  rather  than  the  ever- 
winding  and  waving  Gulf  Stream, 


Reducing  the  Number. — The  arrivals  of 
Chinese  by  the  Canadian  Pacifio  Railway 
steamships  from  China  in  British  Columbia 
during  the  year  1889  were  500  leaa  than  the 
departures  for  China.  If  to  that  depletion  is 
to.be  added  the  great  nnmbers  who  are  cross- 
ing the  line  into  the  United  States,  British 
Columbia  will  soon  be  a  "  happy  land," 


Mixed  Farming  Desirable. — The  big  wheat 
farms  have  not  been  profi  cable  in  Dakota  for 
some  years  past,  and,  as  a  result  of  the  great 
drouth  this  year,  they  will  probably  be  subdi- 
vided and  mixed  farming  will  be  introduced, 
Thia  will  make  things  much  more  lively  in  that 
part  of  the  country  and  will  introduce  mechan- 
ics and  machinery  of  all  kinds. 


Prohibition  Towns. — The  Binning  Herald 
aaya:  Southern  Oilifornia  haa  ten  prohibition 
towDB,  with  a  good  prospect  of  adding  Rgd- 
lands  and  Oceanside  to  the  list. 


A  Good  Idea. — Each  division  of  the  Boston 
police  force  is  to  be  supplied  with  a  long 
wooden  pole,  to  whioh  in  the  day-time  will  be 
attached  a  blue  pennant,  marked    *'  Police," 


Safe  Electric  Lighting. 

The  superiority  of  eteotrio  lighting  over  all 
others  is  now  very  generally  recognized,  and 
the  great  problem  is  how  to  furnish  it  in  large 
iuBtallations  and  in  a  manner  which  shall  render 
Its  use  both  simple  and  safe.  The  fact  that. 
aa  now  distributed.  It  is  not  safe  should  not  be 
regarded  as  any  reason  why  it  ahould  be  aban- 
doned. Aa  the  practice  now  is,  it  may  be  said 
that  all  sorts  of  wires  are  run  in  all  sorts  of 
ways  except  the  correct  ones.  That  there  may 
be  found  a  correct  and  a  safe  way  to  distribute 
electric-tight  ourrents,  there  oan  be  no  doubt. 
"  We  can't"  is  an  expression  whioh  should  not 
be  allowed.  '*  How  can  we  ?  "  is  the  important 
question  which  just  now  should  engage  the  at- 
tention of  all  eleotrtoians. 

Placing  the  wires  underground  would  elimi* 
nate  many  of  the  cauBes  from  which  accidents 
arise.  There  are  well-understood  safeguards 
whioh  mif*ht  ba  brought  more  generally  into  use. 
The  conversion  of  high  pressure,  continuous 
currents  to  low-presaure  currents  by  means  of 
*' direct  current "  or  dynamo  converters  is  be- 
ing rapidly  developed.  Much  might  be  acoom- 
pliehed  by  a  more  careful  placement  of  wires 
both  inside  and  outside  of  bnildinga.  We  have 
already  many  methods  for  securing  safety  which 
have  not  yet  been  generally  introduced,  and 
there  can  be  no  doubt  but  that  many  other  and 
still  more  practical  ones  will  from  time  to  time 
be  devised  and  introduced  for  accomplishing 
the  much'desired  result  of  practical  safety. 

The  limited  experience  of  the  cities  of 
Chicago,  Philadelphia  and  New  York  in  the 
use  of  undergronnd  cables,  to  say  nothing  of  the 
wider  experience  in  this  direction  in  the  cities 
of  Berlin,  Milan,  Rome  and  other  Earopsan 
cities,  indicates  that  the  success  of  properly 
oonstruoted  underground  conduits,  whether  for 
currents  of  high  or  low  tension,  has  been  quite 
well  established. 

We  can  hardly  expect  to  see  the  best  reanlts 
obtain  in  the  abort  time  whioh  has  elapsed 
since  electric  lighting  was  first  introduced.  The 
best  and  most  inventive  minds  in  the  world  are 
just  now  bending  all  their  energies  to  this 
work.  Let  us  go  slow,  work  cautiously  and 
patiently,  and  await  the  time  which  will  Burely 
come  when  a  perfectly  safe,  cheap,  efficient  and 
universally  applicable  system  of  electric  light- 
ing will  be  presented  to  the  world. 

Annealing  Steel. — There  are  two  ways  of 
annealing  steel.  It  can  be  heated  to  a  dnll  red 
heat,  covered  with  dry,  warm  aand  and  left  to 
cool  slowly,  or  heat  and  cover  up  in  the  forge 
fire  and  leave  it  there  until  the  fire  is  out  and 
all  is  cold.  The  other  method  is  to  heat  the  steel 
red  hot ;  heat  gradually,  let  it  **soak,"  as  the 
smith  eaye,  until  it  ia  evenly  heated,  then  re- 
move from  the  fire  and  go  to  some  dark  corner. 
Let  the  steel  cool  until  you  lose  sight  of  the 
dull  red  in  the  dark,  then  cool  off  in  cold  water, 
A  good  "dark  place"  may  be  made  by  throw- 
ing your  coat  over  a  barrel,  leaving  just  room 
enough  to  look  in  at  the  iron.  This  method  ia 
called  the  **  water  anneal,"  and  is  based  upon 
the  theory  that  steel  softens  when  oooled  at  a 
certain  temperature. 

The  Electric  Light  is  being  more  and  more 
used  among  the  manufacturers  of  the  wood- 
working class.  It  is  practically  the  only  light 
in  use  at  the  present  time  in  sawmills,  sash  and 
door  factories,  furniture  factoriea,  and  all  the 
wood-working  establishments  where  a  super- 
abundance of  infiammable  material  and  more  or 
less  dust  is  unavoidable.  Manufacturers  recog- 
nize that  they  cannot  afford  to  risk  the  lighting 
of  their  plants  with  lampa,  or  even  gas,  with 
the  danger  from  fire  which  these  illuminators 
offer.  And  as  a  rule,  where  motive-power  Is 
abundant  and  cheap,  electricity,  besides  afford 
ing  the  best  and  safest  light,  is  in  the  long  run 
the  cheapest. 

Light  Without  Heat  will  probably  be  the 
next  thing  to  which  serious  attention  will  be 
called  after  the  perfection  of  the  j  present  sys- 
tem of  electric  lighting.  The  possibility  of 
such  an  attainment  is  foreshadowed  in  the  light 
produced  by  the  fire-fly.  But  the  full  under- 
standing of  the  phenomena  connected  with  that 
insect  is  too  far  ahead  of  our  present  philos- 
ophy to  hope  for  anything  more  than  an  imag- 
inary picture  of  what  may  be  possible  during 
the  next  few  decades.  That  such  a  result  will 
come  in  time  may  be  considered  as  a  thing  al- 
most certain. 

Food  for  Thought. — The  Electrical  Review 
opens  up  a  new  field  of  thought  and  discussion 
by  asking  why  the  mere  magnetization  of  a  bar 
of  steel  makes  of  it  a  machine  for  the  transfor- 
mation of  energy.  It  ia  aaid  that  a  magnetized 
horseshoe  will  lift  a  pound  of  iron  and  hold  it 
for  an  indefinite  period  of  time.  In  every  sec- 
ond of  that  time  it  is  not  only  expending  en- 
ergy, but  also  increasing  ita  actual  power;  and 
the  question  1b,  where  that  shaping  potency 


cornea  from — whether  from  gravity,  atmos- 
phere, BOlar  rays  or  earth  currents.  We  aeem 
yot  to  have  hardly  reached  the  confines  of  in- 
vestigation into  the  forces  of  nature. 

A  New  Arc  Light.— George  Westinghouse 
announoes  that  his  company  is  about  to  supply 
New  York  City  with  a  new  system  of  aro  elec- 
tric lighting,  which  will  be  perfectly  free  from 
danger.  It  will  oouBUt  of  main  currents  under- 
ground, each  lamp  to  be  operated  therefrom  by 
an  inducted  current.  An  announcement  from 
such  a  Bource  carries  with  it  a  belief  that  it 
contains  something  more  than  mere  words,  and 
encourages  the  thought  that  electric  lighting 
will  soon  bo  as  aafe  as  light  from  a  wax 
candle. 

Engraving  by  Electkioity.— Engraving  on 
glass  and  crystal  by  means  of  electricity,  the 
diacovery  of  which  haa  already  been  noticed  in 
these  columns,  is  said  to  be  now  in  practical 
operation.  The  glass  Is  covered  with  a  con- 
oentrated  solution  of  nitrate  of  potash  and  put 
In  connection  with  one  of  the  poles  of  the  bat- 
tery, and  the  design  ia  traoed  out  with  a  fine 
platinum  point  oonnected  with  the  other  pole. 
By  thia  process  it  is  claimed  that  marTelonsly 
delicate  work  can  be  done. 


The  Buildef^. 


Properties  of  Quicksand. 

The  properties  of  different  kinds  of  sand  is  a 
matter  of  very  great  importance  to  builders. 
The  properties  of  quicksand  are  described  in 
the  Mechanical  News  as  follows:  **  The  differ- 
ence between  building  sand  and  trne  quicksand 
is  most  easily  explained  by  comparing  building 
sand  to  road  metal,  while  the  quicksand  must 
be  represented  by  fragments  no  larger  than 
large  buckshot,  but  shaped  like  very  smooth 
potatoes.  In  a  word,  the  quicksand  is  small 
and  thoroughly  water-worn,  so  that  every  frag- 
ment has  been  deprived  of  all  its  angles  and 
fairly  well  polished.  Its  particles  are  very 
small  as  compared  with  those  of  the  building 
aand.  The  smaller  the  size,  and  the  more  com- 
plete the  rounding,  the  more  nearly  will  the 
sand  approach  a  liquid  condition  when  it  ia 
moietened.  The  first  glance  at  a  fairly  mount- 
ed sample  of  quicksand  under  a  microBCope  is 
sufficient  to  show  that  the  quioknesa  of  the 
Band  is  amply  accounted  for  by  the  innumerable 
friction-wheels  which  the  particles  themselves 
furnish.  Sharp  or  building  sand,  on  the  other 
hand,  will  show  few  round  corners,  many 
angles,  corners,  and  a  general  condition  like 
that  of  broken  stone. 

Sea  sand  is  often  unfit  for  building,  even 
though  perfectly  deprived  of  its  Bait,  the  rea- 
son being  that  the  particles  have  been  worn 
and  polished  till  they  have  no  more  binding 
powers  than  ao  many  cobblestonea.  It  ia  well 
to  remember  that  quicksand  when  dry,  if  very 
fine,  shows  the  same  propertiea  aa  a  liquid.  In 
holding  up  the  centers  of  large  bridges  it  ia 
aometimes  put  into  cyliudera  with  a  plunger  on 
top  of  it.  It  will,  when  thus  confined,  hold  up 
the  load  like  a  column  of  water.  When  it  is  de- 
sired to  strike  the  center,  a  plug  is  drawn  oat  of 
the  aide  of  the  cylinders,  and  the  sand  flows  out 
'like  so  much  water.  The  advantage,  of  coarse, 
is  that  the  sand  does  not  need  a  packed  piaton 
and  does  not  leak  out,  though  the  work  be 
prolonged  for  years.  Quicksand  when  dry  and 
confined  forma  an  admirable  foundation,  and 
when  wet  can  be  loaded  over  ita  ^hole  surface, 
and  give  a  good  support  if  side  openings  can  be 
avoided." 

Preparing  Loose  Sand  for  Foundations. 

A  new  process  of  preparing  foundations  has 
been  patented  by  F.  Neuklroh  of  Bremen.  Its 
object  is  to  make  loose  sand  firm  and  resisting 
as  solid  rook.  At  present,  the  universal  method 
of  doing  this  work,  if  under  water,  is  to  remove 
all  loose  material  and  then  make  a  beton  or 
other  similar  subBtructure.  The  process  under 
consideration,  which  is  only  of  use  where  the 
materials  are  fairly  clean  Bilicious  or  calcareous 
sand,  aims  at  oonaolidating  the  grains  by  cover- 
ing them  with  a  film  of  cement,  which  is  forced 
into  the  apaces  between  the  particles  by  oom- 
pressed air,  steam  or  water  under  pressure. 
Sheet  piles  are  employed  to  prevent  the  spread- 
ing of  the  cement  over  more  ground  than  is 
neceasary.  The  system  has  been  largely  used 
in  the  harbor  of  Bremen  with  gratifying  re- 
sults and  is  to  be  tried  in  preparing  dry  founda- 

tioUB. 

Building  Assooiations, — The  success  of  co- 
operative building  associations  in  the  United 
States  has  been  marvelous.  They  were  first 
started  in  Philadelphia  in  1831.  There  are  now 
450  organizationa  in  that  city  and  many  more 
in  other  portions  of  the  State.  There  are  80 
associations  in  Rochester,  New  York;  no  leas 
than  170  in  New  Jersey.  The  total  number  in 
the  United  States  is  estimated  at  400O,  and  that 
number  is  increasing  at  an  estimated  average  of 
two  each  day.  It  is  estimated  by  a  London 
daily  that  there  are  about  2500  building  associ- 
ations in  the  United  Kingdom,  The  amonnt  In- 
vested by  these  associations  in  that  country  in 
1889  was  about  $100,000,000. 


Concrete  Walls  for  Bitildings  are  bnilt  of 
one  part  of  cement  to  six  or  seven  of  clean 
broken  stone  or  gravel.  Boil  some  soap  to  the 
consietency  of  paint,  and  apply  freely  with  a 
bruah,  to  the  planks  of  the  molds,  to  prevent 
the  adhering  of  the  cement. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Peb.  8,  1890 


A.  T.  DEWETi 


W.  B.  BWER. 


DEWEY  &  CO.,  Publlsliers. 


Ofice,  220  Marlcet St.,  N.  E. cor. Front St.^S.  F, 
gr  Take  the  Elevator,  No.  U  Front  St.'^k 


W.  B.  EWER Sknior  Editor 


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SAN    FRANCISCO: 

Saturday,   February  8,    1890. 


TABLE  OF  CONTENTS. 


ILLUSTRATIONS.^Uver  Mill  for  Crushing  Ores 
Dry;  Magnetic  Machines  for  Coucenttating  Ores,  91. 
Geological  Map  Showing  Mining  Districts  in  South- 
western Colorado,  99. 

EDITORIAJUS.— Concentration  of  Iron  Ore,  91.  Pass- 
ing Events;  A  Dry-Cruohing  Silver-Mill;  Listing  Mines 
on  Stock  Boards;  Geology  of  S.  W.  Colorado;  Drift 
Mines  and  the  Lawa,  98. 

OOBBBSPONDBNGB.— Copperopolis;  Inspection  of 
Mines;  Calitoroians  in  Antwerp  and  London,  92. 

MISCBLL.A.NBODS.— Gen.  Bidwell  is  Reminiscent; 
A  Metal  Bill;  The  Olive  in  California;  New  Mexican 
Camps;  Students  of  Mineralogy;  Down  a  Shaft,  93- 

MINING  SUMMARY— From  the  various  counties 
of  California,  Nevada,  Arizona,  Colorado,  Idaho,  Mon- 
tana, New  Mexico,  Oregon,  Utah,   Wyoming,  64-65- 

MBCHANICAL  PBOGBB3S.— Is  the  Blacksmith 
In  Danger;  Hardening  and  Tempering;  Steel;  Disposing 
of  Old  Rails;  About  Bpiral  Springs;  Welding  Steel  to 
Brass,  96. 

SOIBNTIFIO  PROGRESS.  — Strange  Phenome- 
non; The  Forming  of  a  Waterspout;  Difieaae  Microbes; 
The  Original  Gatling;  Cork;  Miscellaneous,  96- 

GOOD  HBALiTH.— Turpentine  Treatment;  Take  a 
Day  in  Bed;  Ozone  and  Health;  Carelessness  the  Chief 
Cause;  Room  at  the  Top;  Miscellaneous,  97. 

USEFUL  INFORMATION. -The  Meaniog  of  "F. 
O.  B.;"  Stamp  and  Other  Collectors;  The  Gulf  Stream 
Not  Responsible;  Reducing  the  Number;  Mixed  Farm- 
ing Desirable;  Prohibition  Towns;  A  Good  Idea,  97- 

BIjECTBICITY.— Safe  Electric  Lighting;  Annealing 
Steel;  Food  for  Thought;  k  New  Arc  Light;  Engraving 
by  Electricity;  Miscellaneous,  97. 

THE  BUiLDBR.— Properties  of  Quicksand;  Building 
Associations;  Miscellaneous,  97. 
.  MINING  STOCK  MARKET-— Sales  at  the   San 
Francisco  Stock  Board.  Notices  of  Meetings.  Assess- 
ments, Dividends,  and  Bullion  Shipments,  104. 

Business  Annonnoements.         « 

[nbw  this  isbub.] 
Books— E.  &  F.  N.  Spon,  New  York. 
Band  Coupling— Wells,  Russell  &  Co. 

MS'See  Advertising  Columns. 


Passing  Events. 

Alfchongh  heavy  Boowiug  has  stopped  in  the 
moantains,  there  are  still  more  or  lees  incon- 
venienoea  as  the  resalt  of  the  great  storm.  The 
rivers  are  all  high,  and  railroad  tra£Go  is  un- 
certain. The  Oregon  road  will  not  be  open  for 
acme  weeks,  and  we  are  withoat  many  ex- 
changes from  distant  quarters. 

The  mines  of  this  State  and  Nevada  are 
pretty  well  at  a  standstill.  High  waters,  frozen 
ditches,  snowslides  and  bad  weather  have  com- 
bined to  stop  ore  transportation  and  mining  or 
milling  work.  As  a  oonaeqnence,  there  are 
many  idle  miners  jast  now.  The  coming  sea- 
son, it  is  hoped,  will  make  np  by  its  prosperity 
any  damages  occurring  now. 

The  recovery  of  the  winze  pump  in  the  Pioohe 
Oons.  mine  means  a  good  deal  for  Pioohe,  Nev., 
for  the  mine  will  now  be  cleared  of  water. 
The  looal  papers  say  the  oonditiob  of  the  pump 
was  saoh  as  to  suggest  that  the  abandonment 
of  prospecting  below  water  was  not  on  aocoant 
of  not  being  able  to  handle  it,  but  was  some 
sort  of  a  job.  The  valves  of  the  old  pump 
were  said  to  have  been  set  wrong. 


An  Unsuccessful  Strike.— At  a  meeting  of 
the  Boiler-Makers'  Union  held  last  Friday 
evening,  the  boycott  against  the  Biadon  Iron 
Works  was  withdrawn.  It  will  be  remembered 
that  the  boiler-makers  struck  over  12  months 
ago,  since  which  time  their  places  have  been 
filled  by  non-union  men.  No  concession  what- 
ever was  made  by  the  Bisdon  Worka. 


Copper. 

While  the  year  1888  will  be  memorable  in 
the  history  of  the  copper  trade  for  the  rise  of 
the  French  syndicate  to  control  all  the  sup- 
plies of  this  metal,  the  year  1889  will  be  also 
memorable  for  its  fall,  which  latter  entailed  a 
loss  upon  France  of  §75,000,000  to  SlOO.OOO,- 
000.  The  want  of  capital  was  the  primary 
cause  of  the  collapse,  as  the  contracts  made 
were  too  high.  Instead  of  closing  the  contracts 
with  American  and  other  mining  companies 
simultaneously,  they  were  arranged  with  one 
after  the  other,  giving  the  later  ones  a  chance 
to  get  big  prices.  The  efTeot  of  the  syndicate's 
operations,  extending  over  a  period  of  one  year 
and  five  months,  was  an  increase  of  the  stocks 
of  copper  in  this  country,  England  and  France 
— from  the  minimum  of  58,000  tons  at  the  end 
of  1887  to  the  maximum  on  May  1,  1889,  of 
179,000  tons— of  121,000  tons,  about  one-half 
of  which  was  due  to  increased  supplies,  and  the 
other  half  to  diminished  consumption. 

James  Lewis  &  Sons  of  Liverpool,  in  their 
annual  report,  give  statistics  which  show  that 
the  direct  import  of  copper  into  England  and 
France  in  1889  was  14,077  tons  less  than  in 
1888;  that,  exclusive  of  the  Chili  bars  trans- 
ferred from  England  to  France,  the  export  of 
copper  from  England  exceeded  that  of  1888  by 
26,118  tons;  and  that  the  apparent  consump- 
tion of  England  was  23,197  tons  greater  than 
in  1885,  while  the  apparent  consumption  of 
France  was  3338  tons  leas.  Taking  the  average 
English  and  French  consumption  and  Eoglish 
export  for  the  two  past  years,  123,640  tons,  it 
is  2700  tons  per  annum  leas  than  that  of  the 
previous  two  years,  nearly  11,000  tons  less  than 
that  of  the  years  1885  and  1884,  and  nearly 
7000  tons  per  annum  less  than  the  average  of 
the  four  years  1884  to  1887.  It  is  therefore 
evident  that  the  large  deliveries  of  the  past 
nine  months  have  hardly  made  good  the  great 
depletion  of  stocks  all  over  the  world,  without 
in  any  way  supplying  the  greatly  increased  de- 
mand due  to  the  present  revival  in  trade,  and 
the  special  demand  arising  from  the  extended 
use  of  electricity  and  of  anlphate  of  copper. 

The  value  of  telegraphic  wires  and  apparatus 
exporUd  in  1889  was  £1,040,082  against  £521,- 
055  in  1888,  or  more  than  double,  as  the  cost 
of  the  copper  used  in  1888  was  higher  than  in 
1889,  and  the  value  of  machinery  and  mill- 
work  exported  in  1889  was  £15,254,658  against 
£12,939,267  in  1888;  in  this  case,  how- 
ever, the  value  of  the  iron  used  was  greater 
In  1S89  than  in  1888;  1,286.426  tons  of 
steamers  and  sailing  vessels  were  built  in  1889, 
against  903,687  tons  in  1888  and  578,600  tons 
in  1887,  the  orders  in  hand  at  the  end  of  1889 
representing  810,000  tons  irrespective  of  gov- 
ernment orders.  This  Is  the  largest  amount  of 
tonnage  ever  produced  in  one  year,  and  the 
promise  for  the  present  year  is  most  favor- 
able. 

The  consumption  of  the  United  States  has 
exceeded  that  of  1S8S  by  27,500  tons. 

The  impetus  given  to  production  by  the  high 
prices  paid  by  the  syndicate  increased  the  im- 
port into  England  and  France  from  117,000 
tons  in  1887  to  160,000  tons  in  1888,  but  during 
the  past  year  it  has  fallen  to  146,000  tons  under 
the  influence  of  the  low  prices  which  followed 
the  collapse  of  the  Syndicate.  The  most  nota- 
ble decrease  has  been  in  shipments  from  Chili, 
8500 tons,  and  from  "other  countries,"  nearly 
8000  tons,  while  from  the  United  States  it  is 
500  tons,  from  Australia  500  and  from  Japan 
nearly  2000  tons.  The  increase  from  Spain 
and  Portugal  is,  however,  1500  tons,  from  the 
Cape  of  Good  Hope  2700  tons,  from  Qaebrada 
700  tons,  and  from  Mexico  1800  tons.  The 
total  production  of  the  world  for  the  past  year 
is  estimated  at  263,000  tons  against  260,000 
tons  in  1888. 

The  quantity  of  copper  produced  during  1890 
will  mainly  depend  upon  the  level  at  which  the 
value  is  maintained.  At  £50  for  good  mer- 
chantable copper,  there  is  little  doubt  that 
most,  if  not  all,  of  the  large  producers  can 
work  to  a  fair  profit,  while  this  price  will  in 
no  way  interfere  with  consumption. 

This  latter  promises  to  be  very  large  with 
the  great  extension  of  the  use  of  electric  light 
and  power,  the  increasing  demand  for  sulphate 
of  copper,  the  brass  required  for  the  numerous 
war  and  other  steamships  in  course  of  construc- 
tion, and  the  locomotives  and  machinery  for 
which  makers  are  full  of  orders  up  to  nearly 
the  end  of  the  year. 


A  Dry-Crnsliing  Silver-MllL 

Silver-milling  ores  are  either  free  or  base, 
and  the  latter  require  a  preliminary  or  chlo- 
ridizing  roasting.  The  free-milling  ore  passes 
through  the  same  process  as  gold  ores  (describ- 
ed in  last  week's  Pbbss)  until  the  battery 
is  reached.  The  ores  are  crushed  wet  on 
the  battery;  but  battery  amalgamation  is 
not  practiced.  From  the  battery  the  pnlp 
passes  through  sluices  into  settling  tanks, 
where  the  snperfiaons  water  is  drained 
off.  The  pulp  is  then  shoveled  into  the  pans, 
where  salt  and  bluestone  or  other  **  chemicals  " 
are  used.  Here  the  ore  is  first  ground  and 
then  amalgamated.  After  several  hours  the 
pulp  is  run  into  settlers,  where  it  is  diluted 
with  water,  and  the  heavy  amalgam  and  quick- 
silver settles  to  the  bottom.  This  is  then  col- 
lected and  strained  and  the  dry  amalgam  re- 
torted, 

B»e  or  rebellious  silver-milling  ores  contain 
too  much  sulphur,  arsenic,  antimony,  etc.,  to 
be  treated  by  free-milling  process.  After  crush- 
ing in  a  rock-breaker,  they  require  a  previous 
chloridlzing  roasting  to  adapt  them  to  the  pan- 
amalgamation.  They  are  *'  dried  "  before  stamp- 
ing, and  then  stamped  dry.  The  mortars  have 
double  discharge.  The  pulverizad  ore  dis- 
charged through  the  screens  of  the  mortars  is 
carried  by  conveyers  to  elevators,  which  lift  It 
to  the  furnace  floor.  The  White  and  the  How- 
ell furnaces  are  supplied  with  pulp  by  a  gravity 
chute. 

There  are  several  types  of  furnaces  in  use, 
notably  the  Bruckner,  the  White  &  Howell,  the 
Stetefeldt,  the  O'Hara,  and  the  ordinary  rever- 
beratory  furnace. 

The  time  of  adding  salt  depends  on  the  min- 
eralogical  character  of  the  ore.  When  there  is 
much  arsenic  or  antimony  present,  salt  is  econ- 
omized by  a  preliminary  oxidizing  roasting  of 
the  ore.  The  salt  is  crushed  either  separately 
or  with  the  ore.  It  should  be  thoroughly  in- 
corporated with  the  pulp.  To  obtain  a  high  de- 
gree of  chloridation,  sufficient  sulphur  must  be 
present  to  effectually  liberate  the  chlorine  of 
the  salt.  C^lcspar,  braunspar  and  flaorspar, 
etc.,  retard  the  chloridation  by  absorbing  a 
large  part  of  the  sulphuric  acid  produced. 
Minerals  containing  arsenic,  antimony,  telln- 
rium,  selenium,  etc.,  increase  the  loss  of  silver 
arising  from  volatilization.  Zincblende  re- 
quires long  roasting  to  convert  it  into  sulphate. 
The  subsequent  process  of  amalgamation  is  sim- 
ilar to  that  described  with  reference  to  the 
treatment  of  free-milling  ores,  though  the 
grinding  process  is  usually  omitted  or  curtailed 
in  the  pan-amalgamation  of  roasted  ores.  The 
cut  on  page  90  is  a  dry-crushing  silver-mill 
designed  by  the  Union  Iron  Worka  of  this 
city. 

Listing  Mines  on  StocJj  Boards. 

Editors  Pases:- Can  you  kindly  inform  ma  what  are 
the  requirementB  of  the  Sao  Fracclsco  Stock  Exchange 
as  to  listing  miniop  atocke.  la  the  stated  amount  of 
output,  or  development  and  production  considered  in 
any  way?  J.  M.  H. 

Mariposa,  Cat. 

Mr.  Fred  Hadley,  the  secretary  of  the  S.  F. 
Stock  Exchange,  informs  us  that  the  fee  for 
listing  a  mine  on  the  board  Is  §1000.  After- 
ward the  annual  dues  are  $100.  The  applica- 
tion is  referred  to  the  Stock-List  Committee, 
who,  if  satisfied  that  it  is  not  a  '*  wildcat,"  and 
possesses  merit,  will  put  the  stock  on  the  list. 

It  does  not  seem,  from  experience,  that  any 
very  rigid  examination  is  made  in  these  mat- 
ters, not  half  as  much  as  should  be  the  case. 
A  good  many  "  wildcats  "  have  been  listed  first 
and  last,  greatly  to  the  detriment  of  the  whole 
mining-stock  business. 

It  is,  perhaps,  not  practicable  for  the  Stock 
Board  to  send  an  expert  to  examine  every  mine 
to  learn  whether  it  is  fit  to  be  listed;  but  if 
more  care  had  been  taken  in  the  past  the  min- 
ing stock  market  would  be  in  better  condition 
than  it  is  to-day.  If  people  were  sure  of  a  cer- 
tain degree  of  protection  in  these  matters, 
and  knew  when  a  mine  was  listed,  so  its  stock 
could  be  bought  and  sold;  that  it  was  a  bona 
fide  operation,  they  would  feel  more  like  in- 
vesting occasionally.  As  it  is,  the  principal  re- 
quirement seems  to  be  the  fee. 

John  J.  Dorset,  who  has  been  for  35  years 
Wells,  Fargo  &  Cof*8  agent  at  Grass  Valley, 
died  last  week.  He  was  the  owner  of  the 
Maryland  mine,  which  adjoins  the  famous 
Idaho,  but  which  has  never  been  properly 
opened  or  developed. 


Geology  of  S.  W.  Colorado. 

In  a  paper  read  some  time  since  before  the 
American  Institute  of  Mining  Engineers,  Mr. 
T.  B.  Comstock  went  at  length  into  the  geology 
and  vein  structure  of  Southwestern  Colorado, 
or  that  portion  of  it  in  the  southern  third  of 
the  Colorado  Highland,  with  a  part  of  the 
neighboring  plateau  upon  the  west.  We  have 
not  the  space  to  give  bis  views  on  the  general 
geology  of  the  district,  but  the  character  of  the 
formation  Is  given  in  the  accompanying  geolog- 
ical may.      See  opposite  page.) 

In  this  district  are  three  or  four  types  of 
mineral  veins,  structurally  considered,  but 
there  are  really  close  genetic  relations  in  ail  of 
them. 

Bsgluning  at  the  eastern  edge  of  the  area 
covered  by  the  geological  map,  the  Summit  dis- 
trict occupies  a  small  patch  of  territory  set 
like  a  nook  in  the  mountains.  From  this  west- 
ward nothing  appears  until  the  Continental  di- 
vide is  crossed  in  the  northeastern  portion, 
where  the  Like  City  district  introduces  us  to 
the  general  features  of  the  deposits  which  are 
crowded  over  the  wide  region  occupying  the 
largest  part  of  the  map,  culminating  in  San 
Juan  county.  Intimately  connected  with  the 
latter  area,  but  unique  in  character,  is  the  re- 
stricted Rad  Mountain  district,  largely  in 
Ouray  county,  and  off  to  the  southwest  lies  the 
Keco  field. 

Although  the  great  central  San  Juan  area 
proper  is  very  complex,  and  made  of  many  dis- 
tinct groups,  there  is  yet  such  a  kinship  in  the 
whole  as  to  indicate  a  common  genesis,  with 
structural  variations  due  to  secondary  causes. 
In  the  Summit  and  the  Reco  districts,  how- 
ever, there  is  not  this  close  relationship  either 
to  the  San  Jaan  area  or  to  each  other.  Another 
independent  district,  in  general  terms,  is  that 
of  the  La  Plata  mountains. 

Taking  the  districts  in  the  order  of  their 
vein  formation,  we  have  both  the  La  Plata  area 
and  the  Raco  belt  occurring  among  the  earli- 
est volcanic  rocks — propylite  and  andesite — 
chiefly  the  latter.  Probably  the  Summit  dis- 
trict came  next  and  the  central-region  fissures 
were  certainly  not  filled  until  after  the  trachy- 
tic  outflows,  including  the  rhyoUte,  The  Red 
Mountain  epoch  was,  In  its  finishing 
acts,  not  only  poat-glaclal,  but  of  later 
date  than  the  Terrace  period.  The  veins 
are  Intimately  associated  with  the  volcanic 
rocks. 

The  map  shows  a  little  of  the  present  surface 
features  of  La  Plata  district.  The  district  is 
pre-eminently  gold-bearing,  though  silver  ores 
are  not  wanting.  Tellurium  compounds  very 
rich  in  gold  are  frequent.  The  veins  are  numer- 
ous and  intricately  mingled,  and  there  are  some 
placers. 

The  Reco  belt  is  not  apparently  distinct  from 
the  La  Plata  area  in  origin.  Many  of  the  veins 
at  Reco  are  intimately  associated  with  the  car- 
boniferous limestone,  giving  them  much  the 
character  of  the  "contact  "  deposits  similar  to 
those  of  Leadville.  Nuggets  of  gold  and  native 
silver  occur  in  some  veins,  but  the  ores  are  usu- 
ally complex  or  simple  sulphides.  As  a  rule, 
the  veins  are  worked  in  the  region  of  andesite 
iutmsions. 

Summit  district  is  a  very  small  area  remote 
from  the  La  Plata  region,  which  it  most  resem- 
bles. In  certain  features  its  deposits  approach 
some  of  the  veins  which  lie  near  the  outskirts 
of  the  central  San  Juan  area  on  the  side  next 
to  the  Rsco  district. 

In  the  Rsd  Mountain  district  the  deposits 
are  not  in  well-defined  linear  crevices,  but  oc- 
cupy irregular  cavities,  apparently  related  in 
some  general  manner  to  deep-seated  fissures. 
The  vein-matter  is  far  from  uniform,  and  is  usu- 
ally of  complex  character.  Almost  all  known 
mixtures  of  the  sulphides,  arsenides  and  an- 
timonides  of  iron,  lead,  copper  and  ztnc  are 
found  mingled  indiscriminately  with  varying 
percentages  of  the  precious  metals.  The  geo- 
logical map  exhibits  graphically  the  facta 
which  formed  the  basis  for  the  generalizations 
in  Mr.  Comstock's  paper,  The  dednctions 
have  been  made  from  observed  facts. 


The  Young  America  mine,  north  of  Sierra 
Battes,  Sierra  county,  lost  its  drying-house, 
dump-house,  barn  and  shed,  at  the  mouth  of 
No.  2  tunnel  last  week,  by  fire.  The  buildings 
were  at  the  time  surrounded  and  covered  by 
about  25  feet  of  snow. 


Pkb.  8,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


99 


100 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


LFeb    8,  1890 


tdlicatiopal. 


OF 

ASSAYING   AND    CHEMISTRY, 

Rooms  46  a  47.  )  628  MODtaomery  Si., 

2d  Floor  Montgomery  Bl'k.  f       San  Francisco, 
AlflO,  Eveninc  Clasaea,  7  to  10  o'clock.         _ 

JOHN  T.  EVANS,  M.  A.,  Prmcipal 

School  of  Practical,  Civil,  Mechanical  anr 
MINING  ENGINEERING, 

Snryeying,  ArcMtectare,  Drawlis  ami  Assaying 

723    MARKET    STREET, 

The  History  Building:,  San  FRiBclsoo,  Cil 

A.  VAN  DER  NAILLEN,  Preaideot. 

Assaying  of  Ores,  $25;  Bullion  and  Chlorination  A8sa\ 

S26;  Blowpipe  Assay,  SIO.    Full  course  of  assaying,  J50 

jl^Send  for  circular. 


BUSINESS     OOLLEGE, 

34  POST  ST.,  S.  F. 
Tj^B      SBVENTT-FIVE      DOI.I.ABS    THI 

J?  College  Inatnicta  in  Shorthand,  Type  Writing,  Bool 
keeping,  Telegraphy,  Penmanship,  Drawing,  ail  the  Er 
gllBh  hrnnohes,  and  everything  pertaining  to  huslneej 
for  six  full  months.  We  have  sixteen  teaehers,  and  giv 
iodlvidoal  mBtruotlon  to  all  our  pupils.  Our  school  hf 
Its  graduates  In  every  part  of  th«  State. 

J0*SKin>  FOR  dBOUIiAB. 

E.  P.  HEALD,  FrealdeDt. 
O.  8.  HALET.  Secretary. 

THE    PIONEER    COMMERCIAI.    SCHOOI. 


I.IFE  SCHOI.ARSHIPS,  $75. 
No  Vaoatiokb.  Day  asd  EvBNiNa  Sbb810»> 

Ladles  admitted  into  all  Departments. 
Address:    T.  A.  BOBINSON.  M.  A..  President 


Great  Variety  of  SHOT  GTJNS,  RIFLES 

etc.    Breech-Loaders  from  S4  to  $100. 
SEND   STAMPS   FOR  PRICE  LISTS. 

GEO.  W.  SHREVE, 

625  Kearny  Street,        San  Francisco,  Oal. 


FOR  SALE  CHEAP. 


One  new  double  circular  Sawmill  to  carry  60-inch  bot- 
tom saw,  with  WTOught-iron  hangers  for  top  saw.  Fric 
Hon  feed-works,  patent  steel  screw  double-throw  bead- 
blocks,  with  track  Iron,  saw  carriage  and  frame  complete 

RISDON  IRON  &  LOCOMOTIVE  WORKS, 

San  FranciBco.  Cal. 


Tioga  District   Mining  Company, 

Incorporated  June  11, 1889.    Capital  Stock,  S10,000,0(k 

BtJY  AND  SELL 

California  Gold,  Sliver,  Quicksilver,  Copper 

and  Lead  Mines 

OF    ASCERTAINED    VALUE. 

omoe.  No.  IS  PARROTT'S  BUILDING,  N.  W 

Corner  of  California  and  Montgomery  Streets, 

SAN  FRANOISGO,  OAL. 

WM.  B.  WIOHTMAN,  Prea.      WM.  H.  V.  CKONISE,  Sec. 


AMERICAN   MINING   AND  STOCK  CODE 

"  KELLOGRAPH." 

Indispensable  to  the  Mining  Profession  and 

Useful  in  all  Business  Transactions. 

A  Complete  System  of  Transmitting  Telegraphic  Mee* 

sages  by  Code  Cipher  Words  in  a  Legible,  Secret  and 

l^oDomic  Manner. 

OVER   35,000   WORDS  AND  SENTENCES 

Subject  to  tranemission  under  infinite  complication  by 
the  use  of  over  70,000  coJle  words. 

No  danger  of  publicity  in  telegraphing  matters  con- 
cerning operation  or  sale  of  miniog  property.  The  work 
strictly  alphabetical  and  classified.  The  handiest  worli 
ever  published  for  mining  operators. 

PRICE,  ?5.    Forwarded  postpaid  on  receipt  of  price  by 

DEWEY  &  CO.. 
220  MARKET  STREET,  SAN  FRANCISCO. 


QUICKSILVER 

For  sale  in  Lots  to^sult^bv^   &   CO.. 

S06  Calif omla  St.,  San  Franclaoo,  Oal. 


THE  ROLLER  ORE  FEEDER 

[Patented  May  28,  1882.] 


JOSHUA  HENDY  MACHINE  WORKS, 

Not.  39  to  51  FREMONT  STREET,  SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 


"HBNDT"  IMPROVED  "  CHALLENGE "  ORB  FEEDER 


The  best  form  of  Feeder  ever  devised,  and  pronounoad  by  reputable  mining  men  to  be  fai 
superior  to  any  form  of  **  Roller  '*  Feeder  manufactured.     We  refer  to  the  follow- 
ing gentlemen  who  have  furnished  us  with  testimonial  letters  to  the 
above  effect,  which  can  be  seen  at  our  office,   viz.; 


N.  W.  Crookee,  Supt.  Bunker  Hill  Gold  Min- 
ing Co.,  Amador  City,  Cal. 
W.  G.  EoEEKTS,  Greenwood,  El  Dorado  Co. ,  Cal. 


D.  0.  WiCKHAM,  Taylor  Mine,  Greenwood,  Cal . 
J.  K.  Tbegloan,  Supt.  South  Spring  Hill  Golr 
Mining  Co.,  Amador  City,  Cal. 


WE  ABE  MANTTFACTDEERS  OF  THE 


"CHALLENGE,"   STANFORD,"  '  TULLOCK,"  &  '  ROLLER"  FEEDERS, 

And  will  fttrniBh  descriptive  Catalogues  and  quote  prices  upon  application. 


LIDGERWOOD  M'F'Q  CO. 

MAmJFACTORBBS     OF 

HOISTING  ENGINES. 

300  Styles  ani  Sizes.  Over  6000  Ii 

96  Liberty  St,  New 
York. 

34  &  36  West  Monroe 
St.,  Chicago. 

197  to  203  Congress  St, 
Bosboa. 

PAKE  &TaCY  CO., 

Agents, 
San  Francisco,  Cal. 
Send  for  Catalogrne. 


H.  D.  MORRIS, 
220  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco, 

MANUf  ACTDBEES'  M  PMHASIHe  AGENT, 

Special  atteutlr^^  given  to  purchase  of 

MINE  and  MILL  SUPPLIES. 


ADAMANTINE  SHOES  ANI>  DIES.— Guar- 
anteed to  prove  better  and  cheaper  than  any  othera 
Orders  Boliclted,  subject  to  above  conditions, 

H.  D.  UORBIS. 


SOLB  AOBIITFOR 


CRUSHER  PLATES, 

— AND— 

Chrome   Cast    Steel  foi 
Bock  DrillB,  Etc. 


ADAaiABrTUffE. 


Thib  is  the  best  and  cheapest  Ore  Feeder  now  In  use. 

It  has  fewer  parts,  requires  less  power,  is  simpler  in 
Ad,justment  than  any  other.  Feeds  coarse  ore  or  soft  clsy 
alike  uniformly,  under  one  or  all  the  stamps  in  a  batteru 
as  required. 

In  the  Bunker  Hill  Mill  it  has  run  continuously  for  two 
years,  never  having  been  out  of  order  or  costing  a  dollar 
for  repairs. 

Golden  State  and   Miners'  Iron  Works, 

Sole  Manufacturers. 
837  First  Street.  Ban  Francisco,  Cal. 

RIX  k  FIRTH, 

225  and  227  First  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal, 

Compressed  Air  and  Water  Power 
Machinery. 


KNIGHT'S  WATER  WHEEL, 

For  Mills,  Pumping  and  Hoisting. 

OVER    300  IN    USE. 
All  estimates  gnaranteed.    Seu^  for  Circnlar. 


Ct^AYTOlff 


IMPROVED 


AIR  COMPRESSORS 

Fon  CATALOGl/ES.  ESTIMATES,  ETC.,  AoOBESS,  . 

Clayton  Air  Compressor  Works 

OF    BROOKLYN,     N      V. 

43  PEY  ST.,  NEW  YORK. 


WATER  TANKS,     WINE  TANKS  I 

CALIFORNIA    WINE    COOPERAGE     CO. 

EUItDA  BROS.,  Proprietors, 

SO  to  40  Spear  St,  San  Francisco. 

ALL  KINDS  OF  CASKS,  TANKS,  Etc. 
i^SHiP,  Mnime,  and  Wathr  Tan&b  a  Specialty. *%! 


VAN  DUZEN'S 

STEAMjetPUMP 

For  "Waier  Sapply  Taoks. 

For  Fire  Pomp  uo  Yard  or  Switch  EngineB* 

For  Boand  House  Oieneral  'Worh. 

For  Draining  Ponds.  Pits,  Coffer  JDams,  etc 

10  Sizes.'  87  to  ^75,    TbiouHnnds  in  use. 

Write  for  Descriptive  Pump  Circular,  v 

VAN  DUZEN  &  TIFT,  CINCINNATI,  O. 


Engraving  •E'Sli 


eiuperior  Wood  and  Metal  Bngrav- 
Ine,  Bleotrotyplos'  and  Stereotyplv^g 
done  m%  the  ottlw  ot  thli  nkiwt. 


Feb.  8,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


101 


List  of  U.  S.  Patents  for  Pacific  Coast 
Inventors. 

Reported  by  Dewey  &  Oo-,  Pioneer  Patent 
SoUcltora  for  Pacific  Coast. 

FOR   WEEK   ENDING  JAN.    I4,    1890. 

419,301.— Akmor  >>'0K  Ships— I.  B.  Abraham, 
S.  F. 

410,241. ^Flexible  Shaft  Covering— F.  W. 
Bitley.  S.  F. 

419,599.— Tongs  for  Holding  Plowshake — 
I.  W.  Cox,  Gold  Hill,  Or. 

419  346.  — koCK-BKEAKER— M.    B.    Dodgc.  S.  K. 

419.347.— Rock-Breaker— M.   B.   Dodge,  S.  K. 

419,248.— Pump— Geo.  E.  Dow,  .S.  F. 

419,323.— Clipping  Machine— J.  W.  Eisenhutt. 
S.  F. 

419,517. — Watch-Case  Spring— B.  M.  Greene, 
Ecklcy,  Or. 

419.519.— Washing  Machine— G.  W.  Hatch, 
Seattle.  Wash. 

419,356.— Crushing-Mill— F.  A.  Huntington. 
S.  F. 

419,526.- Windmill— W.  H,  Keep,  Stockton, 
CaL 

419,266.— Filter— E.  M.  Knight,  San  Mateo, 
Cal. 

4»9.337' —Sack-Detacher— L.  Martin,  Rickre- 
all,  Or. 

419.466.— Clip  for  Ropeways — B.  Mclntire, 
S.  F. 

419,535.— Doubletree— M.  B.  Morrison,  Ya- 
kima, Wash. 

419,277.— Drains  or  Sewers— B.  W.  Murray, 
Seattle.  Wash. 

419,548 —Wagon  Brake— Pardee  &  Leaman, 
Lower  Lake,  Cal. 

4I9.284.-~Traction  Engine— Jacob  Price,  San 
Leandro,  Cal. 

419.477.  —  Bottle-Stopper— J.  M.  Schofield, 
Merced,  Ca!. 

419.294.— Rock-Breaker— Spiers  &  Booth.  S.  F. 

4 19.386.— Device  for  Transmitting  Power — 
A.  Von  Babo,  Seattle,  Wash. 

419.579.— Thill-Coupling— L  N,  Woodle,  Al- 
bany. Or. 

The  foIlowlDg  brief  Uat  by  telegraph,  for  Feb.  4,  will 
appear  more  complete  on  receipt  of  mftil  advices: 

Cftllfomia— John  W.  Biin,  Gonzales,  (fate;  Frank  V. 
Canuao,  Oikland.  miter-box;  Heory  Craigie,  San  Fran- 
ci«co,  dental  plugger;  Oeorse  D.  Crocker,  Oakland,  hinge 
for  wtmlow-aaBhes;  John  W.  Eisenhuth,  S.  F.,  device  for 
transmitting  motion;  Benjamin  Holt,  Stockton,  thnuib- 
ing  machine;  llenry  0.  Hooper,  Kureka.  latch  and  lock 
combined;  John  H  Jeffrey.  Crescent  City,  device  for  lift- 
ing goods  from  ebelvea;  l^bert  JudBon,  8.  F.,  dvnamite; 
Elizabeth  J.  Lincoln,  S  F.,  portable  ash-basket;  Fannie 
L.  MatsoD,  San  Jose,  chart -reading  and  number  stand; 
Henry  Muller,  asgignee  of  half  to  A.  Graff.  S.  b\,  tuning- 
pin  for  pianos;  Denis  O'Leary,  San  Bernardino,  ventila- 
tor and  center-piece  for  coiling;  Ferdinand  Q.  Stallman, 
S.  F.,  mechanism  for  (iepres8ioK  cableii  at  crossings  of 
cable  railways;  Ada  H.  Vanpelt,  Oakland,  permutation 
lock;  Ruol  W.  Whitney,  S.  F.,  Instrument  for  copying 
drawings;  Frank  E.  Williams,  Alhambra,  appliance  for 
Bpiuning-topa;  Jamea  B.  Williams,  S.  F.,  insulating  com- 
pound. 

NOTB.— Copies  of  U.*S.  and  Foreign  patents  furnished 
by  Dewey  &  Co.,  in  the  shortest  time  possible  (by  mall 
or  telegraphic  order).  American  and  Foreign  patents 
obtained,  and  general  patent  buslnesB  for  Pacific  Coast 
inventors  transacted  with  perfect  security,  at  reasonable 
rates,  and  in  the  shortest  possible  time. 


Notices  of  Recent  Patents. 

Among  the  patents  recently  obtained  through 
Dewey  &  Go. 'a  Soientifio  Pkess  TJ.  S.  and 
Foreign  Patent  Agency,  the  following  are 
worthy  of  special  mention: 

Pomp.— Geo.  E,  Dow,  S.  F.  No.  419.248. 
Dated  Jan.  14,  1890.  The  device  consists 
mainly  in  a  series  of  single-acting  plangers, 
preferably  oonstrncted  so  as  to  operate  verti- 
cally, and  they  are  not  leas  than  three  in 
namber,  so  as  to  maintain  an  even  balance  and 
pressare.  These  plangers  are  driven  from 
cranks  upon  the  crank-shaft,  which  is  jonr- 
ualed  in  the  lower  part  of  the  containing-oase, 
the  case  inclosing  all  the  operating  parts  of 
the  pnmp.  The  cranks  are  set  at  equal  dis- 
tances apart  upon  the  circle  which  represents 
their  throw  and  have  a  uniform  throw  or 
Btroke.  The  number  of  plungers  operating  in 
connection  with  one  suction-chamber  and  one 
discharge-chamber,  with  separate  valve-cham- 
bers intermediate  between  the  two,  and  each 
having  valves  operated  by  its  own  piston,  in- 
sares  a  steady  flow  and  a  steady  and  constant 
resistance  to  the  rotation  of  the  shaft,  and  en- 
ables the  inventor  to  obtain  a  large  range  of 
rotative  speed, 

Rock-Bbeakeb, — Miles  B.  Dodge,  S.  F.,  as- 
signor to  Parke  &  Lacy  Co.  No.  419.247. 
Dated  Jan.  14,  1890,  This  improvement  in 
rook-breakers  consists  of  certain  oonstructions 
and  combtnations  of  devices  intended  to  fur- 
ther perfect  the  machine  and  increase  its  dura- 
bility and  strength. 

Gaushino-Mill. — Frank  A.  Hnntington,  S. 
F.  No.  419.256.  Dated  Jan.  14,  1890.  This 
invention  relates  to  that  class  of  orusbing-mills 
in  which  a  vibrating  or  oscillating  jaw  oper- 
ates in  conjunction  with  a  cylinder  between 
which  and  the  jaw  the  rock  is  crushed  or 
broken.  The  patent  covers  several  novel  feat- 
urea.  The  machine  may  be  adjusted  to  any 
degree  of  nicety  to  feed  ore  or  otber  material  to 
stamps  or  other  crushing  devices  when  regu- 
larity of  supply  is  desired,  and  it  performs  the 
double  office  of  a  rook-breaker  and  an  ore- 
feeder. 

GoNSTRUCTioN  OF  DRAINS  OR  Sewees. — Ber- 
nard W.  Murray,  Seattle,  Washington.  No. 
419,277.  Dated  Jan.  14,  1890.  Thia  ia  a  aew- 
er  or  culvert  consisting  of  a  sole  or  yoke  with  a 
central  longitudinal  depresaion  and  grooves  or 
ohannelB  in   its  edges,  In  oombination    with 


toogued  and  grooved  strips  or  sections  fitted 
together  and  laid  ap  to  form  the  outline,  said 
seotions  being  mortised  or  doweled  together  at 
the  ends  so  as  to  form  a  oootinnoas  passage. 

Traction  Engine. — Jaoob  Price,  San  Lean- 
dro. No.  419,2«4.  Dated  Jan.  It.  1S90.  This 
patent  oovera  a  number  of  details  of  construc- 
tion of  traction  engines,  of  which  Mr.  Price 
makes  a  specialty. 

Rock-Bkeakkr.— Miles  B.  Dodge,  S.  F.,  as- 
signor to  Parke  &  Lacy  Co.  No.  419.24G. 
Dated  Jan.  14,  1S90.  This  invention  is  appli- 
cable  to  that  class  of  rock-breakers  ia)which  one 
or  more  reciprocating  jaws  are  caused  to  move 
to  and  from  each  otber  while  the  rock  is  passed 
between  them,  this  action  of  the  jaw  being 
effected  by  means  of  an  eccentric  upon  a  driven 
shaft,  and  the  eccentric  is  connected  with  the 
moving  jaw  of  the  rook-breaker  by  connecting 
rods  or  arms  in  any  of  the  well-known  ways. 
As  all  the  wear  and  strain  of  the  work  is 
broQgbt  upon  the  eccentric  at  one  point  of  Its 
ciroamfereoce  while  it  is  forcing  the  jaw  forward 
against  the  material  taken  between  the  two  jaws, 
this  eccentric  soon  becomes  worn,  so  as  to  be  un- 
true, and^f  the  box  is  left  loose  it  will  pound 
and  greatly  add  to  the  wear  and  noise.  If 
under  theae  circumetances  anyattempt  should  be 
made  to  take  up  the  wear  upon  one  side,  the 
box  would  be  broken  on  account  of  the  irregu- 
lar shape  of  the  eccentric.  In  this  invention 
peculiar  elastic  buffers  are  used  and  serve  to 
bold  the  cap  closely  against  the  eccentric  so 
that  as  it  rotates  within  its  box  it  will  always 
hare  a  perfect  fit,  while  the  cap  is  allowed  suf- 
ficient motion  to  accommodate  itself  to  the  irreg- 
ular shape  of  the  eccentric  caused  by  the  un- 
equal wear. 

Filter.— Edward  M.  Knight,  San  Mateo, 
assignor  to  the  Rapid  Safety  Filter  Company  of 
8.  F.  No.  419,266.  Dated  Jan.  14,  1890.  This  is 
one  of  that  class  of  filters  in  which  a  fibrous  or 
poroua  material  is  employed  as  a  filtering  mate- 
rial. The  patent  covers  a  filter  consisting  of 
asbestus  cloth  or  other  fibrous  material  and  an 
exterior  coating  of  filtering  medium  in  the  form 
of  paste  spread  upon  the  cloth  and  an  exterior 
cover  of  wire  screen  to  uphold  the  medium. 

Rock-Breaker. — James  Spiers  and  Edgar 
A.  Booth,  Fulton  Iron  Works,  S.  F.  The  pat- 
ent covers  several  details  of  construction  which 
are  intended  to  improve  and  strengthen  the 
machine.  Among  other  features  is  the  method 
of  making  the  dies.  These  dies  are  formed  of 
wrought-iron  bands  inclosing  alternate  horizontal 
layers  of  wrought-iron  and  steel  bars  placed 
edgewise.  Theae  alternate  layers  of  wrought- 
iron  and  steel  bars  are  firmly  held  in  place  by 
a  band  being  heated  and  shrunk  around  them, 
or  by  being  forced  into  the  band  by  hydraulic 
pressure.  The  steel  bars  are  hardened,  and  the 
wear  being  greater  on  the  wrought-iron  bars 
than  upon  the  ateel  ones,  the  latter  will  be 
slightly  elevated  above  the  surface  of  the 
wrought  iron,  forming  a  corrugated  eurfaceand 
producing  a  better  crushing  effect.  The 
wrought-iron  and  ateel  bars,  by  being  set  upon 
edge,  present  the  grain  of  the  metal  to  the  sub- 
stance to  be  crushed  in  a  manner  calculated  to 
insare  long  wear. 

Flexible  Shaft  Cottpling. — Frank  W.  Bit- 
ley,  S,  F.  No.  419,241.  Dated  Jan.  14,  1890. 
This  is  a  flexible  or  universal  coupling  for  shafts 
whereby  they  may  be  made  to  run  in  different 
lines  without  breakage  or  accident.  The  de- 
vice is  valuable  for  milling  and  manufacturing 
purposes  where  it  may  be  desired  to  run  shaft- 
ing at  different  angles.  It  may  also  be  applied 
in  ateamers  of  light  draft  where  it  is  necessary 
to  incline  the  shafting  in  order  to  submerge  the 
propeller  sufficiently,  as  by  means  of  this 
coupling  that  portion  of  the  shaft  with  which 
the  engines  are  connected  may  be  maintained 
horizontal,  while  the  portion  carrying  the  pro- 
peller may  be  inclined  as  much  aa  ia  necesaary 
to  submerge  the  propeller.  Thia  device  is 
placed  forward  of  the  thrust-bearing  of  the 
shaft. 

Clip  for  Wire  Ropeways. — Bartlett  Mc- 
Intyre,  S.  F.,  assignor  to  the  Vulcan  Iron 
Works.  No.  419,466.  Dated  Jan.  14,  1890. 
The  invention  relates  to  that  class  of  devices 
which  are  used  for  connecting  a  load  with  a 
traveling  cable  and  known  as  *' clips  for  wire 
ropeways,"  forming  part  of  a  system  of  trana- 
mission  of  loads  from  one  point  to  another.  The 
invention  consists  in  the  novel  construction  of 
the  olamplng-end  of  the  body  portion  of  the 
clip,  and  also  in  a  peculiar  joint  in  the  hanger. 
The  object  is  to  provide  a  clip  having  a  simple, 
effective  means  of  connection  with  the 
traveling  cable.  Another  object  is  to  provide 
a  joint  or  hinge  which  will  enable  the  clip  to 
ride  over  its  supporting  sheaves. 

Bottle-Stopper. — James  M.  Schofield,  Mer- 
ced. No.  419,477.  Dated  Jan.  14,  1890.  Thia 
Invention  relates  to  that  claaa  of  bottle-stop- 
pers which  are  more  particularly  applicable  to 
bottlea  from  which  the  regular  corks  have  been 
removed  during  the  period  of  use  of  the  bottle. 
The  object  of  the  invention  is  to  provide  a  aim- 
pie  and  effective  stopper  of  this  clasa  which  is 
adapted  to  be  readily  inserted  in  the  neck  of 
the  bottle  and  there  confined,  and  is  easily  re- 
moved therefrom. 

Ore-Feeder.  —  Philip  Hinkle,  S.  F.  No. 
420,424.  Dated  Jan.  28,  1890.  Ore  placed  in 
the  hopper  will  fill  it,  and  a  portion  flows  out 
through   the   mouth   on     to    a   swinging    or 


oscillating  tray,  and  when  by  this  oscilla- 
tion it  rnns  forward  another  portion  of  ore  wilt 
move  out  on  the  tray.  When  the  tray  has 
again  moved  backward,  a  transverse  bar  pre- 
vents the  ore  moving  backward  and  will  force 
it  forward  over  the  edge  and  into  the  oroBher 
or  stamps.  The  movement  of  the  tray  la  sub- 
jwet  to  regulation. 


PRACTICAL 

Books  on  Mining 

AND  IRRIGATION, 

Descriptive  CatEhlofTUC  and  Circulars  of  Books  relation; 
to  Assaying,  Mining,  Electricity  and  Mechanical  Engineer- 
log,  sent  tree  on  application. 

E.  &  F.  N.  SPON,  Publishers, 

12  CortlamU  St.,  Nenr  York. 


/l^^e^siiiept  (jotice?. 


Gray  Eagle  Mining  Company.    Location 

of  princi|jal  place  of  buBinese.San  Praoclsco, California. 

Location  of  Woike,  Placer  Co.,  Cal, 

NOTICE  ifl  hertbv  Kiven  that,  at  a  meetinir  of  the 
Board  of  Directors,  held  on  the  aist  day  of  January,  1890, 
on  Aaaessment,  No.  lO.of  Four(4)Cont8  per  eharo  was  levied 
upon  the  Capital  Stock  of  the  Corporation,  payable  ini- 
nicdiatelv  in  United  States  Gold  Coin,  to  the  Secretary, 
at  the  office  of  the  Conipauy,  Room  11,  No.  303  California 
Street,  San  FranciHco.  California. 

Any  Btock  upnii  which  thlt  assessment  shall  remain 
unpaid  on  the  Twenty-fifth  (25th)  day  of  February,  1890, 
will  be  delinquent,  and  advurtised  for  sale  at  public 
Bucti'^n  ;  and  unless  t aymont  la  made  before,  will  be 
sold  on  Monday,  tho  l7th  day  of  March.  1890,  to  pay  the 
deliuquGfit  assessment,  together  with  the  coets  of  adver- 
tising and  expenses  of  nale. 

By  order  of  the  Board  o*  Directors. 

J.  M.  BUPt-lNGTON,  Secretary, 

omce,  Room  11,  No.  303  California  St.,  San  Francisco, 
California. 


Best  In  the  World.    Most  Simple  In  AopU- 

cation.    Mf^st  Powerful— Cneapest.    Ball 

and  Socket  Joint.     Right  and  Left 

Screw.    Works  Freely.    JusC 

the  thing  for  Large  Tanks 

In  a  Dry  Ollmate. 

WELLS,  RUSSELL  &CO,,TaDl[Bnil(lers, 

Meclanlcs'  Mills,  Cor.  Mission  &  Freiont  Sts,,  S.  F. 


SITUATION  WANTED.— Thoroughly  competent  Mill- 
man  and  A  grayer  of  20  years'  experience,  desires  a 
situation  in  Mill  or  to  take  charge  of  Mill  and  Mine. 
Understands  concentrators  of  all  clasa  ores.  Best  ref- 
erence.    Arldreas.    "J.  A.,"  Bnx  2(il7.  San  Franoisco.  Cal. 


DIVIDEND  NOTICE. 

OFFICE  OP  THE  PACIFIU  BORAX,  SALT  &  SODA 
COMPANV,  San  Francisco,  January  31, 1890.-  At  a 
meeting  of  tho  Board  of  Diroctois  of  the  above-named 
Company,  held  this  day.  a  Dividend  (No.  2S)  of  One  Dol- 
lar (SI. 00)  per  share  was  declarrd,  payable  MONDAY, 
February  10, 1890,  at  the  ottlce  of  the  Company,  No.  230 
Montgomery  street,  Rooms  11  and  12.  Tiausfer  Books 
close  February  5,  1890,  at  3  o'clock  p.  m. 

ALTON  H.  CLOUGH,  Secretary. 

HORACE  D.  RANLETT, 

OreSf  Mining,  and  Commission, 

420  Montsomery  St..  8.  F. 

Ships  under  advances  to  smelting  works  In  Boston, 
New  York,  Baltimnro  and  Liverpool. 

Twenty-one  years'  experience  in  Shipping  Ores  and 
Managiug  Mines. 

Solicits  Consignments  of  Copper  Produce  and  UaDE^* 
mont  of  Min'ng  Matters. 

All  business  conducted  on  Cash  Ranis. 

Purchase  and  shipment  of  Mining  Supplies  a  Spboialtt, 

Sales  of  Developed  Copper  Mines  undertaken. 

Business  Manager  of  UrtlON  COPPKlt  MINE,  Copper- 
opolis,  Cal.;  NEWTON  COPPER  MINE,  Amudor  Co. ,  Cal. 

One  Obmen's    12x12  Automatic  Bnglne; 
best  stj'le  in  ueo.  Also,  1  Boiler  48  in.  x  16  ft.  Both  nearly 
new.    Apply  to    .-.  W.  QUICK,  y21  First  bt., 
(Top  Floor)  San  Francisco,  Oal. 


RUBBER  FACTORY. 


jSEM;i:m 


Monarch  Belting. 

The  Plies  ol  this  Belt  are 

UNITED  by  COTTON  RIVETS 

Which  bold  them  firmly  together. 

£ach  Kivet  is  Independent 

And  Follows  the  Stretch, 

THERE  ARE  NO  STITCHES 

TO  BREAK,  and 

The    Belt    has    a   Smooth 
Surface. 

Hose,  Belting,  Packing,  Etc. 

ALL  KINDS  OF  RUBBER  GOODS  MADE  TO  ORDER  IN  A  FEW  HOURS. 

W  F.  BOWERS  &  CO..  409  Market  St..  San  Francisco. 


irfi  *  I  fct  %^  atjJLC^^J 


TTES       J\/LC^T^:Ei 


BY    USING 


WATER  POWER  TRANSMITTED  BY  ELECTRICITY 

To  Run  your   Mills,   Hoists   and   Trams. 

For  Circular  {;;iving  particulars  send  to 

KEITH    ELECTRIC    CO., 


•  MANtrFACTUKEKS  OF  — 


Apparatus  for  Electric  Light  and  Electric  Power, 

OFFICE,  40  NEVADA  BLOCK, 


Factory,  Stevenson  St„  bet.  First  and  Ecker, 


SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAl, 


102 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Feb.  8,  1890 


DAVIDSON    STEAM    PUMPS. 

Risdon  Iron  and  Locomotive  Works, 


Boiler-Feed  Pumps, 
Tank  Pumps, 
Marine  Pumps, 
Wrecking  Pumps, 
Fire  Pumps, 
Brewery  Pumps, 
Mining  Pumps. 
Low    Pressure 

Pumps, 
Vertical  Pumps. 
Balanced    Hydraulic 

AND 

Heavy  PressureValve. 


S.  E.  COR.  HOWARD  AND  BEALE  STS.. 
San  Francisco. 


SugarHouse  Pumps, 
Railroad  Pumps. 
Vacuum  Pumps, 
Air  Pumps, 
Circulating  Pumps. 
Tannery  Pumps, 
Hydraulic  Pumps, 
Elevator  Pumps, 
Independent  Air 

Pump  and  Jet 

Condenser. 
Artesian  or  Deep 

Well  Pumps. 


The  Only  Steam  Pump  Made  that  can  be  run  at  High  Piston  Speed  without  Shock  and  with  Safety  to  the  Machine.    Piston  Rods, 

Stufflng-Boses,  Valve  Seats,  Stems  and  Linings  of  Water  Cylinders  are  of  Best  Composition  Metal,  U.  S.  Standard. 
EVERY    PUMP    THOROUGHLY    TESTED    BEFORE    LEAVING    FACTORY.  Senci    for    Oa,ta,losxi©s. 


NOTICE  TO   GOLD   MINERS!  JUS™ANCAIRE.Agenl, 


521  &  523  Market  St.,  San  Francisco, 


-D8ALBB    DT— 


Assayers'  and  MiDing  Material. 


IN  QUARTZ,  GRAVEL,  OB  PLACER  MINES.  MADE  OF  BEST  SOFT  LAKP 


UPBRIOB  COPPER 


— MAHCFACTTURBK    OP— 


Our  plates  are  guaranteed,  and  by  actual  experience  are  proved,  the  bea.  in  weight  of  Sil- 
ver and  durability.  Old  Mining  Plates  Replated,  Bought,  or  Gold  Separated.  THOUSAMDS 
OF    OEDERS    PILLED. 

SAN    FRANCISCO    NOVELTY,  GOLD,  SILVER    AND    NICKEL    PLATING  WORKS, 
108  and  112  First  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

as-  SEITD  FOK  CIKCDLARS. 


BATTERY  SCREENS  AND  WIRE  CLOTH 

Agent  for  HOSEINS' 
HYDRO-CARBON    ASSAY   FURNACES 


IMPORTANT  TO  GOLD  MINERS 

SILVER-PLATED  AMALGAM  PLATES  for  SAVING  GOLD 


IN    QUARTZ,    GRAVEL    AND    PLACER 
PRICES  GREATLY  REDUCED. 


MINING. 


Only  Refined  Silver  and  Best  Copper  nsed,    Over  3000  Orders  filled.    Fifteen  Medals  Awarded.    Old  Mining  Plates  can  he 

Replated.    Old  Plates  Boaght,  or  Odd  Separated, 

These  Plates  can  also  be  purchased  of  JOHN  TAVXjOR  &  CO.,  Corner  first  and  Mission  Sts. 

San  Francisco  Gold,  Silver  and  Nickel  Plating  Works,  653  &  655  Mission  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  E.  G.  Denniston,  Prop'r. 

Our  Plates  have  been  used  for  20  years.    They  have  proved  the  best.    We  adhere  strictly  to  contract  In  weleht  of  Sliver  and 
Oopoer.      SKND  FJB  OIKanL,AB. 


J^n     HTJ  3>in7I  nxrcsTTO  !«■, 


MANUPACTURBB    OF  - 


LLS, 


CENTRIFUGAL  ROLLER  QUARTZ 

Concentrators  and  Ore  Crushers, 
Mining  Klaciiinery  of  Every  Description.        Steam  Engines  and  Shingle  Machines. 


SEND    FOR    CIRCULAR. 


Centrifugal  Roller  Quartz  Mill. 


SX3     X'XXIS'F     iS'Fn.^S^iT, 


si.A.nr    FX«.u9i.]xrcxsoo,    ca.Im. 


BUTTE,    MONTANA, 

The  railroad,  miDiog  and  commercial  center  of  the  new 
State,  ofEers  some  of  the  best  inducemeDts  for  invest- 
ments  in 

Real  Estate,  Mines  &  Mining  Stock 

of  any  locality  in  the  Nortnweat.  For  particulars  address 
The  EvanB-Terry-OlauBsea  Brokerage  Oo.i 
41  £j.  Broadway*  Bui;te»  Montanai 


A.  T  Dewey 
W.  B.  E-WER. 
Geo.  H.  Strong. 


} Dewey  &  Co.'s  Scientific  Press  Patent  Agency  { 


Established 
1860 

Invbntors  on  the  Pacific  Coast  \vi\l  find  it  greatly  to  their  advantage  to  consult  this  old,  experienced,  first-class 
Apency.  We  have  able  and  trustworthy  Aesociates  and  Agents  in  Washington  and  the  capital  cities  o£  the  principal 
nations  of  the  world.  In  connection  with  our  editorial,  scientific  and  Patent  Law  Library,  and  record  of  original 
cases  in  our  ofiBce,  we  have  other  advantages  far  beyond  those  which  can  be  offered  home  inventors  by  other  agencies 
the  information  accumulated  through  long  and  careful  practice  before  the  OflBce,  and  the  frequent  examination  of 
patents  already  granted,  for  the  purpose  of  determining  the  patentability  of  inventions  brought  before  us,  enables 
\19  often  to  give  advice  which  will  save  Inventors  the  expense  of  applying  for  Patents  upon  inventions  which  are  not 
new.  Clrculare  of  advice  aentfree  od  receipt  o£  postage.  Address  DGWET  &  CO.,  PateDt  Agents.  220  Market  St.,  S.F. 


TUBBS  CORDAGE  CO. 


(A  Corporation.) 


Constantly  on  band  i 
Duplex  Rope,  Tarred  Mi 
etc,  etc. 


full  assortment  of  Manila  Rope, 
mlaRope.Hay  Rope,  Whale  Line, 


Extra  sizes  and  lengths  made  to  order  on  short  notice. 

611  &  613  Front  St.,  San  Francisco,  Ca], 


Fbb.  8,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


103 


AMALGAMATING  MACHINERY. 

stamp  Mills  lor  Wet  or  Dry  Crushing. 
Huntington  CentrJfugal  Quartz  Mill.  Drying 
Cylinders.  Amalgamating  Pans,  Settlers. 
Agitators  and  Concentrators.  Retorts.  Bul- 
lion and  Ingot  Moulds,  Conveyors,  Elevators, 
Bruckners  and  Howell's  Improved  White's 
Roasting  Furnaces.  Etc. 


FRASER  &  CHALMERS, 

MINING  MACHINERY 


CONCENTRATING  MACHINERY. 


IMPROVED  CORLISS  v;?l~v°eIV^^»,  engines. 


BOILERS 


Btakc,  Dodgoand  Comet  Crustiers.  Cornish 
Crushing  and  Finishing  Rolls.  Harti  Plunger 
and  Collom  Jigs.  Frue  Vanner  &  Embrey 
Concontrators,  Evans',  Calumet,  Collom's 
and  Rlltcnger's  Slime  Tables.  Trommels, 
Wire  Cloth  and  Punched  Plates.  Ore  Sam- 
ple  Grinders  and  Heberle  Mills. 


HORIZONTAL.    VERTICAL 
.  .  .  AND  SECTIONAI 


XSSPJ^OV^O     SXS.A.]SfC     S^J^BOC^S 


Hoisting  Engines, 
Safety  Cages, 

Safety  Hooks, 

Ore  CARS,  Water  &  Ore 
BUCKETS, 

Air  Compressors, 

Rock  Drills,  Etc. 

GENERAL  MILL  AND 
MINING  SUPPLIES,  ETC. 
Sectional  Machinery 

FOR 

\IULE-BACK 

TRANSPORTATION. 


Pumping  Engmes 

and  Cornish 

Pumping  Machinery, 

IMPROVED 
WATER   JACKET 

Blast  Furnaces  for 
Calena&CopperOres, 

SLAG  CARS  AND  POTS, 

Roots  &  Baker 
Pressure  Blowers, 

SUSPENDED 

TRAMWAYS. 


General  Offices  and  Works:     FULTON  AND  UlMeOi^  STS.,  CHICAGO,   ILL. 


BRANCH  OFFICES: 


NEW  YORK,  Room  43,  No.  2  Wall  St.        DENVER,  COLO.,   1316  Eighteenth  St.       SALT  LAKE  CITY,  UTAH, 
7  W.  Second  South   St.       LONDON,  ENC,  23   Bucklersbury,  E.  C.       CHIHUAHUA  CITY,   MEXICO,  No.  I  I 
Calls  da  Juarez.        LIMA,  PERU,  South  America.       JOHANNESBURG,  TRANSVAAL,  South  Africa. 

SOLK    WESTERN    AGENTS    FOR    TYLER    WIHB    WORKS    DOUBLE    OBIMPWD    MINING    CLOTHS. 


THE     FELTON     WATER     "WHEEL 

GIVES    THE    HIGHEST    EFFICIENCY    OF    ANY    WHEEL    IN    THE    WORLD. 


..^^Z^^^'JjaNHttR'NC 


^V 


.^ 


OVER  800  ALREADY  IN  USE. 

Afiforda  the  Most  Simple  and  Reliable  Power  for  all 
Mining   and   Manufaotaring   Machinery. 

Adapted  to  heads  running  from  20  up  to  2,000  feet. 

From  12  to  20  per  cent  better  resaltB  guaranteed  than 
can  be  produced  from  any  other  Wheel  in  the  Country. 

ELECTRIC  TRANSMISSION. 

Power  rom  these  Wheels  can  be  transmitted  long 
distances  with  small  loss,  and  is  now  extensively  used  in 
all  parts  of  the  country  for  generating  both   power  and 

light. 

APPIilOATIONS 

Should  state  amount,  and  head  of  water,  power  required, 
and  for  what  purpose  ;  with  approximate  length  of  oipe  ; 
also,  whether  the  application  is  with  reference  to  Wheels 
or  Motors  described  below.     SEND  FOR  CIRCULARS. 

The  Peiton  Water  Wheel  Co. 

121  MAIN  ST.,  SAN  FKANCISCO,  CAL. 

Varying  from  the  fraction  of  1  up  to  15  and  20-borBe  power.     Unequaled  for  all   light-runnincr  machinery.    Warranted  to  develop  a  given 
amonnt  of  power  with  one-half  the  water  required  by  any  other.     ^T  SEND  FOR  MOTOR  CIRCULAR.     ADDRESS  AS  ABOVE. •®a 


JAMBS    LEFFBL'S 

Mining  Turbine  Water  Wheel. 

These  WhecU  we  designed  for  all  purposes  where  limited  quantities  of  water  and 
hi^'h  heads  are  utilized,  and  are  gnaraoteed  to  ^Ive  more  power  with  leas  water  than 
any  other  wheel  made.  Being  placed  on  horizontal  shaft,  the  power  la  tranamitted 
direct  to  ahafting  by  bolta,  dispeneiag  with  gearing. 

Eatimates  furnished  on  application  for  wheels  specially  built  and  adapted  in 
capacity  to  suit  uiy  particular  case. 

Further  information  can  be  obtained  of  this  form  of  construction,  as  well  as  the 
ordinary  Vertical  Turbines  for  Wooden  Penatocke  and  In  Iron  Globe  Cases,  free  of  coat, 
by  applying  to  the  manuf acturera. 


ffletalllirgy  apd  Ore^. 


SELBY 

SMELTING  and  LEAD  CO.. 

416  Xontgomery  St,  San  Fiancisco. 

GOLD    AND    SILVER    REFINERY 
And  Assay  Office. 

Highest  Prices  Paid  for  Gold,  Silver  and 
Lead  Ores  and  SnlphnreU. 

— uAsxmanjnwu  or 

BLUESTONE, 

LEAD  PIPE, 

SHEET  LEAD, 

SHOT,  Etc.,  Etc. 

ALSO  MANDFACmntlUUi    OF 

Standard    Shot-Gun    Cartridges, 

Under  Chamberlin  Patent 


JAMES    LEFPEL    &    OO., 


32^^^^  Springfield,  Ohio, 


or  110  Liberty  St,,  New  York. 


FRA3EB    &    OHALMEBS,  General  Agenta, 

Ohicago,  111.,  and  Denver,  CoL 

PARKE    &    LACY,  General  Agents,  San  Francisco,  GaL 


CALIFORNIA   IRON  YARD. 

HENRY  J.  ROGERS  &  CO. 

Snccessora  to  CHAS.  CALLAHAN 
mPORTBRS  AND  DEALBK8  IN 

CAST  and  WROUGHT  IRON  SCRAP 

SECOND-HAND     BOII.£RS 

AND  OI,D  UACUINEKT 

Of  every  deeorlptioQ. 

Tie  HiElest  Price  pail  for  all  MMs  ol  Metals, 

Offiob  and  Yajid:    128  and  130  Folsom  St.,  8.  V 

Telephone  No.  67. 


FOR  SALE 

Hydranllc  Mining  Property  In  Sombem  Oregon.   Good, 
For  particulars  (Prinoipata  only)  address, 

"A,  M.,"  Box  77, 

Grants  Pass,  Oregon, 


THOMAS  PRICE  &  SON, 

Assay  OflQce,  Chemical  Laboratory, 

BULLION  ROOMS  and  ORE  FLOORS, 

524  Sacramento  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

COIN  RETURNS  ON  ALL  BULLION  DEPOSITS  IN  24  HOURS. 

WORKING    TESTS    OF    ORES    BY    ALL    PROCESSES. 

SPECIAL  ATTENTION  PAID  TO  CONCENTRATION  OF  ORES. 
Ores  Received  on  Oonsignment,  Sampled,  Assayed,  and  Disposed 
of  in  the  Open  Market  to  the  Highest  Bidder. 


JOHN  TAYLOR  &  CO., 

IMPORTERS  AND   DBALBR8  IN 

ASSAYERS'    MATERIALS,    MINE 
AND  MILL  SUPPLIES, 

ALSO  CHEMICALS,    AND    PHYSICAL,  SCHOOL    AND 

CHEMICAL  APPAKATU8. 
63  &  65  First  St.,  cor.  Mission,  San  Franolsco. 
.^y--^     We  would  call  the  attention  of 


Asaayera,  Chemiata,  Mining  Com-' 

panics,  Milling  Companiee,  Proa- 

pootore,  oto.,  to  our  full  atock  of 

Balancoa,  Furnaces,    MufBes,  Crucibles,    Scori- 

Oers,   etc,    including,   also,  a   full    stock    of 

Chemicals. 

Having  been  engaged  in  furnishing  these  sup- 
plies slnoi  the  first  diacovery  of  mines  on  the 
PaciOo  Coast,  we  feel  confident  from  our  experi- 
ence we  can  well  suit  the  demand  for  these 
gooda,  both  as  to  quality  and  price. 

Agents  tor  the  Morgan  Crncible  Co.. 
Bftttersoa,  England.  Also  for  m.  G.  Dennis- 
ton's  Silver  Plated  Amalgam  Platea.  The  plates 
of  this  weil-kuown  manufacturer  are  thoroughly  relia- 
ble, and  full  weight  of  Silver  guaranteed.  Orders  taken 
at  his  lowest  prices.  Our  Illustrated  Catalogue  and  As 
say  Tables  eent  free  on  application. 

JOHN  TAYLOR  A  OO. 


t 


Nevada  Metallurgical  Works. 

NO.  23  STEVENSON  STREET, 

Near  First  and  Market  Streets,  S.  F. 

C.  A.  LnoRHAKDT,  Manager.  Establishbd  1809 

Ores  worked  by  any  Frooeas. 
OreB  Sampled, 

Assaying  in  all  its  Branches. 
Analyses  of  Ores,  Minerals,  Waters,  etc. 
Working  Testa  (practical)  Made. 
Plans  and  Specifications  furni»hed  for  the 
most  suitable  Process  for  Working  Ores, 

Special  attention  paid    to   Examinations   of 
Mines;  Plans  and  Reports  furnished, 

O.  A.  LUOKHARDT  &  OO., 
(Formerly  Huhn  &  Luckhardt, 
MinlDff  Encrlneers  and  Metallurtrlets 


GREAT    REDUCTION! 
BATTERY~SCREENS. 

Best  and  Cheapest  In  America. 

No  imitation,  no  deception,  no  planished  or  rotten 
Iron  used.  Only  genuine  Russia  iron  In  Quartz  Screens. 
Planished  iron  sureena  at  nearly  half  my  former  rates. 

I  have  a  large  supply  of  Battery  Screens  on  hand 
suitable  for  the  Huntiugton  and  all  Stamp  Milla,  which  I 
will  sell  at  20  per  cent  discount. 


PERFORATED  SHEET  METAL 

For  Flour  and  Rice  Mills,  Grain  Separators,  Revolving 
and  Shot  Screens,  Stamp  Batteries  and  all  kinds  of  Min 
Ing  and  Milling  Machinery.  Iron,  Steel,  Copper,  Brass. 
Zinc  and  other  metals  punched  for  all  uses. 

Inventor  and  Manufacturer  of  the  celebrated  Slot  Cut 
or  burred  and  Slot  Punched  Screens. 

Mining  Screens  a  apecialty,  from  No.  1  to  16  (fine). 
Orders  promptly  attended  to. 

San  Francisco  Pioneer  Screen  Worl(s, 


ai  &  2»3  First  St., 


San  Francisco,  Cal. 


JOHN  W.  QUICK,  Proprietor. 


WINCHESTER  HOUSE, 


41  Third  Street, 


San  Francisco,  Cal. 


This  Fire  proof  Brick  Building  is  cenirally  located,  in 
tile  liealtbiesti  part  of  the  city,  only  a  half  block  from  the 
Grand  and  Palace  Hotels,  and  close  to  oil  Steamboat  and 
Uailroad  Offices. 

Laundry  Free  for  the  use  of  Families. 

HOT  AND  COI.D  RATHS  FREE. 


Term«,  Board  and  Room,  $1.00  per  Day 

And  Upward. 

Booms  with  01  without  Board, 

Free  Coach  to  the  House, 


104 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Feb.  8,  1890 


H^AF^KET   l^EPOf^TS. 


Local  Markets. 

San  Francisco,  Feb.  6,  1890. 

With  generally  fair  weather  in  this  State  the  past 
week,  trade  shows  a  decided  increase,  with  the  volume 
of  goods  going  out  on  orders  larger  than  at  any  time 
within  the  past  two  months.  It  now  looks  as  if  mer- 
chants' expectation  of  a  liberal  trade  this  spring  will 
be  more  than  realized.  Manufacturers  look  forward 
with  a  certainty  that  they  will  have  a  more  prosper- 
ous season  this  year  than  has  been  enjoyed  for  sev- 
eral years;  this  applies  more  particularly  to  foundry- 
men,  machinists  and  iron-workers  in  general. 

The  money  market  continues  to  grow  easier,  and 
now  with  general  trade  and  inland  transportation  re- 
sumed, much  more  ease  is  looked  for  before  the 
month  passes.  There  are  now  no  idle  men,  unless 
from  choice,  as  the  call  for  day  laborers  has  well 
cleaned  up  the  supply.  Dividends  disbursed  in  this 
city  in  last  month  compare  as  follows  with  the  dis- 
bursements in  January,  1889: 

1SS9.  1S90. 

Banks §522,000  $562,256 

Gas  companieg 74,500  6S,250 

Water  cmpanieg 62,600  19,500 

Insurance  oompaoiea 84,000  67,0ii0 

Street  railroad  companies 2fi,000  12,500 

Powder  companiea 27  000  37,800 

Sugar  companies 35,000  .   30,000 

Mining  companie3 269,250  219,600 

Mlscellaneoua  companies 31,250  40,250 


Totals $1,120,600  §1,107,055 

In  addition,  the  savings  banks  of  the  city  disburs- 
ed in  cash  or  credits  to  depositors  and  stockholders 
about  $r, 400,000  last  month.  The  interest  disburse- 
ments by  incorporated  companies,  cities,  counties 
and  State  were  unusually  heavy  in  last  month. 

S.  H.  Brooks,  Assistant  Treasurer  United  States 
at  San  Francisco,  reports  cash  on  hand  Jan,  31, 
1890,  as  follows : 

United  States  notes 8       66,438  00 

National  bink  notes 6,235  00 

Gold  certificates 2,040  00 

Redeemed  gold  certificates  (Series  laSS) 100  000  00 

Silver  certidoates 112,600  00 

Gold   coin 40  9SO,400  00 

Standard  sUver  dollars 13,237.141  00 

Fractional  silver 6,403,703  SO 

Minor  coin 6,743  14 

Total §65,914,390  94 

The  shipments  of  silver  from  the  Sub-Treasury 
into  the  interior  of  the  State  and  elsewhere  for  the 
month  were  as  follows: 

Standard  dollars §75,650 

Fractional  silver 14,105 


Total -. $S9,755 

MEXICAN  DOLLARS— The  market  continues 
dull  under  light  buying.  The  only  export  buyers 
in  the  market  for  the  steamer  that  sailed  on  Tuesday 
for  China  were  Chinamen,  and  they  only  shipped 
$70,245.  The  market  has  ruled  weak  at  75  J4 (§76 
cts.,  closing  76@76J^  cts.  to-day. 

SILVER — The  market  has  been  dull  throughout 
the  week,  in  the  absence  of  export  buyers  and  light 
receipts  of  bullions.  Now  that  the  snow-blockades 
are  raised,  receipts  are  expected  to  increase.  The 
silver  market  continues  weak  the  world  over;  doubt- 
less this  is  largely  due  to  the  statement  of  Senator 
Teller,  a  strong  biraetallist,  that  President  Harrison 
will  veto  any  bill  for  the  free  coinage  of  silver,  and 
also  that  the  bimetallists  in  Congress  are  opposed 
to  the  Administration  {Secretary  Windom's)  bill,  or 
to  any  bill  not  giving  fuller  recognition  of  silver  by 
which  it  will  be  placed  on  a  par  with  gold.  The  im- 
pression appears  to  be,  judging  from  our  leading 
Eastern  exchanges,  that  there  will  not  be  any  favor- 
able legislation  at  this  session  of  Congress.  The 
latest  silver  bill  introduced  is  that  by  Senator  Cock- 
erill,  on  January  27th,  amending  the  Act  of  Feb.  28, 
1878,  and  authorizing  Secretary  of  the  Treasury  to 
purchase  silver  bullion  at  the  market  price  thereof 
not  less  than  $5,000,000  worth  per  month,  to  be 
coined  monthly,  as  fast  as  purchased,  into  standard 
silver  dollars.  The  bill  provides  that  when  the  Sec- 
retary of  the  Treasury  cannot  purchase  such  silver 
bullion  at  a  market  price  less  than  99  cents  for  412  J^ 
grains  of  such  silver  bullion  of  standard  fineness, 
that  such  bullion  shall  be  received  and  disposed  of 
in  like  manner  as  gold  buUion.  The  bill  repeals  al 
laws  authorizing  the  issue  of  gold  certificates  and 
silver  certificates  upon  the  deposit  of  gold  coin  or 
standard  silver  dollars,  and  authorizes  the  Secretary 
of  the  Treasury,  upon  the  deposit  with  the  treasurer 
or  any  superintendent  of  mints,  by  any  holder  of 
gold  coin  or  bullion  or  standard  silver  dollars,  when 
the  market  price  of  such  silver  bullion  is  not  less 
than  99  cents  for  412}^  grains,  to  issue  therefor  in 
the  denominations  now  authorized  coin  certificates. 
The  bin  also  authorizes  the  Secretary  of  the  Treas- 
ury to  cancel  and  destroy  all  existing  gold  and  silver 
certificates  as  fast  as  they  are  received  by  the  Treas- 
urer, and  to  issue  in  lieu  coin  certificates  of  like  de- 
nomination for  the  gold  and  silver  certificaies  so 
received. 

Confirmed  reports  were  received  by  the  last  ar- 
rived steamer  from  Hongkong  that  the  Chinese 
Goyernment  is  formulating  a  plan  for  coiring  silver. 
In  the  local  market  the  only  buyer  the  past  week 
has  been  the  Mint.  The  price  paid  was  97^ 
cents  up  to  February  3d,  when  it  was  dropped  a 
quarter  of  a  cent;  that  was  followed  by  another  drop 
of  a  quarter  of  a  cent  on  to-day  (Thursday).  Very 
little  bullion  is  offering  for  sale.  The  Carson  Mint 
takes  about  all  that  is  turned  out  by  the  Comstock 
mines. 

QUICKSILVER— Receipts  the  past  week  aggre- 
gate 62  flasks,  and  the  exports  by  sea  41  flasks  to 
Mexico.  Continued  bad  roads  are  against  ship- 
ments from  the  mines.  The  market  holds  strong 
at  full  figures. 

COPPER— The  Eastern  market  fluctuated  to 
lower  prices,  but  at  the  close  it  appears  to  be  steady- 
ing. The  decline  was  largely  due  to  foreign  advices 
that  buyers  having  their  wants  met  by  deliveries  from 
previous  contracts  were  not  operating,  and  conse- 
quently any  forced  sales  were  met  by  lower  bids.  In 
their  January  circular,  James  Lewis  &:  Sons,  Lon- 
don, say :  The"  stocks  continue  steadily  to  de- 
crease, both  those  of  which  returns  are  made  in 
England  and  France  and  also  those  held  in  France 
and  in  the  United  States  in  private  warehouses  by 
the  bankers  who  took  them  over  from  the  late  syndi- 
cate. About  9000  tons  have  been  sold  by  these 
bankers  during  the  past  month,  including  3000  tons 


of  Lake  ingots  lying  in  New  York  at  14  cents  per 
pound,  or  £66  los.  per  ton,  with  z^  per  cent  dis- 
count. We  therefore  now  consider  that  in  the  nine 
months  which  have  passed  since  the  collapse  of  the 
French  syndicate,  the  stock  then  held  on  their  ac- 
count has  been  reduced  from  179,000  tons  to  about 
110,000  tons,  the  reduction  in  the  public  stocks  be- 
ing 25.000  tons,  or  from  118,000  tons  to  93,000 
tons,  and  in  the  "invisible"  stocks  44,000  tons,  or 
from  61,000  tons  to  17,000  tons. 

A  Franco-English  syndicate  has  been  formed  to 
work  the  Torre  de  Capdella  copper  mine.  It  is 
said  to  be  one  of  the  best  mines  in  Spain. 

LEAD— The  market  has  been  essentially  un- 
changed. 

TIN — The  exports  by  sea  the  past  week  aggregate 
loS.coo  tbs.  of  plate  to  Victoria,  B.  C.  The  market 
for  spot  continues  heavy.  For  shipment  no  busi- 
ness can  be  done,  owing  to  our  market  being  below 
English  parity.  The  foreign  market  shows  consid- 
erable activity,  with  about  all  the  weak  holdings 
cared  for.  The  demand  from  the  United  States  is 
reported  as  being  light. 

BORAX— Receipts  the  past  week  aggregate  250 
Otis.,  and  exports  by  sea  22,621  lbs.  to  New  York 
and  100  pounds  to  Mexico.  The  market  is  reported 
firm  in  sympathy  with  the  East. 

LIME — Receipts  the  past  week  aggregate  loio 
bbls.,  and  exports  the  past  week  700  bbls.  to  Hono- 
lulu. Offing  to  fair  weather  the  local  demand  be- 
gins to  show  signs  of  increasing. 

ANTIMONY — Eastern  mail  advices  report  lower 
prices  and  a  weaker  market  due  to  freer  importa- 
tions. 

IRON — The  pig-iron  market  is  quiet  but  firm, 
owing  to  prices  being  below  the  parity  of  the  pri- 
mary markets.  A  leading  New  York  paper  says 
that  President  Clark  of  the  Thomas  Iron  Company 
is  as  bullish  as  ever,  and  he  says  the  company 
could  have  sold  twice  its  products  for  the  year  1890 
to  his  regular  customers  and  to  an  English  syndi- 
cate. An  English  house  offered  $20  per  ton  for 
every  ton  of  iron  the  Thomas  Iron  Co.  could  pro- 
duce this  year,  and  to  pay  cash  monthly  whether 
they  took  the  iron  or  not.  Mr.  Clark  refused,  and 
has  sold  170,000  tons  at  $18,  $19  and  $20.  and  says 
he  would  not  sell  a  pound  now  under  $2  advance  on 
these  prices.  The  odd  fact  this  year  is  the  big  de- 
mand for  No.  2  iron.  "You  can  say  that  the 
Thomas  Iron  Company  is  out  of  the  market  for  all 
rades  of  iron  for  the  year  1890."  In  the  last  six 
months  the  company  sold  more  iron  than  it  ever 
did,  and  made  more  money. 

Foreign  advices  report  Glasgow  merchants  bear- 
ing the  market  so  as  to  fill  their  contracts  at  lower 
prices,  which  causes  consumers  to  fight  shy  of  the 
market;  but,  on  the  other  hand,  that  some  South 
Wales  capitalists  have  combined  to  keep  the  market 
up,  if  not  advance  still  higher,  so  as  to  unload  their 
large  holdings  at  a  profit. 

COAL — Imports  the  past  week  aggregate  as  fol- 
lows :  Newcastle,  N.  S.  W.,  1738  tons;  Nanaimo. 
2515;  Comox,  4300;  Departure  Bay,  1250;  total, 
9803  tons.  The  market  is  being  well  cleaned  up 
of  English  coals,  and  as  there  are  now  some  of 
the  brands  on  the  way,  quotations  will  probably  be 
dropped  soon.  The  tonnage  on  the  way  from 
Newcastle,  N.  S.  W.,  continues  to  grow  beauti- 
fully less.  The  prices  for  Australian  for  shipment 
precludes  business.  The  spot  market  for  all  grades 
is  reported  unchanged,  last  week's  report  covering 
the  situation  this  week. 


MINING    SHAREHOLDERS'    DIRECTORY. 


.  5.. 


Compiled  bvert  THnRSDAY  feom  Adyertiskmbnts  in  the  Minino  amd  Soibhtifio  Press  and  other  3.  F.  Jouesals 

ASSESSMENTS. 
CoMPANT.  Location.  No.  Am't.  Levied.    Dblinq't. 

Adelaide  Copper M  Co Nevada,.  I..        '  '"        ~ 

BiirHiinore  M  Co Nevada. .  6. . 

Camp  Creek  M  &  M  Co California.,  1.. 

Con  Sb  Gothard  M  Co California..  I..  _ 

10..  Jan    20.... Mar   5.... Mar 28.. N  T  MeKser". T.', !".".".  1309  Montgomery  5t 

25.. Dec  16.,.. Feb  10. ...Mar  3..CE  Elliott 3U9  Montgomery  St 

i..Deo   17....Jan  23....Feb  12..HTBrlgg3 Downieville 

3U..Jau   27 Mar   5..     "     "-    "  "  "  

4..Jau  21.... Feb  25.., 

50. .Dec  27. ...Feb    " 

25. .Dec   21. ...Feb    tj., 

10. .Jan    10, ...Feb  10.. 

5.. Dec  21,... Jan  28.. 

25. .Jan   20.. ..Feb  25.. 

25. .Dec  31. ...Feb    5... 

5  .Jau   13. ...Feb  17.. 

25. .Jan     4. ...Feb    6.. 

'^..      30.. Jan    15.... Feb  26., 

3..        l..Dec  14.... Jan  21  . 

8..      2S..Jan   18.. ..Feb  15., 

MEETINGS  TO  BE  HELD. 

Name  of  Company.  Looatidn.    Seorktart  Office  in  S.  F.  Meetino  D*.te 

Alabama,  Humboldt  &  Bailey  M  Co W  H  Watson 302  Mo  tgomery  St Annual  Feb  10 

Eechtel  Cons  M  Co Caiiforn'a..O  F  Griffin 303  California  St Annual lllFeblO 

HoUne^jMCo Nevada.  C  E  Elliott 309  Montgomery  St Annual Feb  11 

Lucky  Hill  Con  M  Co F  D  Black Baldwin  Hotel.. Feb  13 

NatomaW&MCo California.. P  W  Am  b 320  Sausome  St Aonual  V.""'.'.'.'.".' Feb  11 

Stardard  Cons  M  Co California..  J  W  Pew 310  Pioobt  Annual  Feb  17 

SuDderbaus  G  M  Co California.. H  T  Cresswell 504  Kearny  St ll  .li^Annual  I!!!!" Feb  11 

Watt  Blue  Gravel  M  Co California,. G  A  Berton 313  Montgomery  St Annual Feb  17 

LATEST  DIVIDENDS— WITHIN  THBBB  MONTHS. 

Name  of  Company.  Location.     Seobetaby.  Office  in  S.  F.  Amottnt  Payable 

ChampionMCo .        .I'Wetzel 522  Montgomery  St 10...'. Jan  20 

Caledonia  MO Nevada.  .A  S  Cheminant 328  Montgomery  St 08  Auk  5 

Con  California  &  Va  M  Oo Nevada.  .A  W  Havens 309  Montgomery  St  25        JanlO 

Derbec  Blue  Gravel  M  Co California.. T  Wetzel 522  Montiromery  St...       10 Dec  23 

Idabo  M  Co California Grass  Valley 5  oo' Nov  7 

MtDiabloMCo  Nevada.. R  Hea^h 319Piue.St, 30 Oct2I 

Pacific  Borax  Salt  &  Soda  Co.  ..California.. A  H  Clough 230  Montgomery  St '.'.'.'.'l  Oo"!!!!!."'.*.*.'.'.'.Feb  10 


Crocker  M  Co Arizona.. 

Exchequer  M  Co Nevada.. 28.. 

Golden  Giant  M  Co California 

Granc^  Prize  M  Co Nevada. .24., 

Gray  Eagle  M  Co California..  16., 

Mayflower  Gravel  M  Co California.. 45.. 

Mexican  M  Co Nevada,. 39.. 

Mineral  King  M  &  M  Co Arizona..  4,. 

Natoma  Water  &  M  Co California..  2.. 

Occidental  Cons  M  Co Nevada..  5.. 

Overman  SM  Co Nevada,  ,61.. 

IlusaellR&  M  Co California. 

Heg  Belcher  &  Mides  MCo Nevada., 

Silver  King  M  Co Arizona. 

TeirakofE  M  Co California., 

True  Cons  M  Co California.. 


Sale.     Secretary.  Place  of  BtrsisBas. 

l..Dee    31....Feh  ]7....Marl7,.WHGrave3 426Sansome  St 

20.  .Jan   17. . .  .Feb  21. . .  ,Mar  12.  .A  K  Grim 402  Montgomery  Sb 

2. .Dec  30.  ...Feb  12....Mar  10..A  8  Folger 213  Fremont  St 

5. .Jan   14.. ..Feb  17.. .  .Mar  10.. T  Wetzel 522 Montgomery  St 


. . Mar  25. . R  R  Gra> son 327  Pine  Sb 

..Mar  17.. J  MBuffingtOQ 303  California  Sb 

..Feb  25. .J  Morizio 328  Montgomery  St 

.  .Feb  27. .  O  E  Elliott 309  Montgomery  Sb 

..Mar   3..P  H  Leonard 419  California  St 

..Feb  25..P  W  Ames 516  California  8t 

.  .Mar  24.  .A  K  Dmibar 309  Montgomery  Sb 

.Feb  26.. GD  Edwards 414 California  Sb 

..Mar  12. .J  Morizio 323  Montgomery  8b 

..Feb  2q..EE  Holmes 309  Montgomery  St 

..Mar  27. .A  Waterman 309  Montgomery  St 

..Feb  14.. W  J  Garrett 308  Pine  St 

..MarlC.JC  Bates 434  California  St 


Eastern  Metal  Markets. 

By  Telegrapti. 
New  York,  Feb.   6,    1890. — The   following   are 
the  closing  prices  the  past  week: 
Silver  in    Silver  in 
London.  New  York.  Copper. 


Table  of  Lowest  and  Highest  Sales  in 
S.  P.  Stock  Exchange. 


Lead. 

$3  S'ii 
3  82i 
3  824 
3  82i 
3  S2J 
3  82i 


Tin. 
S21  10 
21  20 
21  36 
21  15 
20  SO 
20  SO 


San  Francisco  Metal  Market. 

WHOLESAIjE, 

Thubsdat,  February  6,  1S90. 
Antimony— 25  @     — 

Borax— Refined,  in  carload  lota 7  @       71 

Powdered  "         "        "    7@ 

Concentrated      "         "        "    62@      

All  grades  jobbing  at  an  advance. 

COPPEB— 

Bolt 21  @      22 

Sheathing 22  @     24 

ingot,  jobbing 17  ^      jg 

do,  wholesale 15  @      16 

Fire  Box  Sheets 22  (tt      24 

Lead— Pig 4  @       ^ 

Bar 5  ftp     _' 

Sheet 7^     _ 

Pipe g  g     __ 

Shot,  discount  10%  on  500  bags     Drop,  ^  hag.  1  45  ot     — 

Buck,  ^  bag 165@     — 

Chilled,  do 1  85  @     — 

TiNPLATE— E.  v.,  steel  grade.  14s20,  to  arrive.  4  SO  (c6  4  85 

B,  v.,  Bteel  grade,  14x20,  spot 4  70  @  4  75 

Oiiarcoal,  14x20 6  75  ftS  7  00 

do  roofing,  14x20 600@     — 

do,  do,  20s28 12  00  @     — 

Pig  tin,  spot,  ^  a 21  @      22 

Coke— Eng.,  ton,  spot,  m  blk 13  50  Ctfl5  00 

Doj  do,  to  load Hi  00  @      — 

Quicksilver— By  the  Mask. 50  00  @     — 

Flaska,  new @     _ 

THasVa,  nld    35  ^ 

Chrosie  Ikon  Ore,  ^  ton 10  00@ 

Iron— Bar,  base , 3  @ 

Norway,  base '  "'       i^Ob 

Steel— English,  lb 16    • 

Canton  tool 9 

Black  Diamond  tool 9 

Pick  and  Hammer *.'.'.','.', 

Machinery. 

Toe  Calk .'..*.',".".* 

Spot. 

Iron- Gleugamock  ton 35  00  @ 

Eglinton.  ton ....35  00  P 

American  Soft,.No,  1,  ton.. @35  00 

Oregon  Pig.  ton @35  OO 

Puget  Sound 35  00  @ 

CUyLane  White (g28  00 

BhottB,  No.  1 35  00  C<*35  00 

Bar  Iron  [base  price)  ^  Q)...      —  @     _ 

Langloan  35  00  @ 

Thovnciiffe 35  00  @ 

Gartsherrie 35  00  @ 


Tlmrsday 44^  97|  §14 

Friday 44|  97g  14  25 

Saturday 445  97|  14  '25 

Monday 44i  97^  14  15 

Tuesday 44i  97  14  15 

Wednesday., 44  5-16       96§  14  20 

Nbw  York,  Feb.  6.— Refined  California  borax,  8g@9c; 
steady.  Quicksilver— Nominally ,  68@70c.  Limited  sales 
of  iosrot  copper.  The  larcre  consumer-  seem  well  stocked 
and  disinclined  to  buy  ahead.  Speculative  interest  ex- 
tremely tame.  Mining  companies  cfEer  indifferently. 
Quoted  prices,  14Jc  for  lake  ingot,  13c  for  common  cart- 
ing. Outside  lots  could  be  secured  for  a  shade  les9. 
London  cables  again  lower;  merchant  bars,  £49  17p, 
P.  D.  spot;  .£50  53  for  futures.  Pig-  lead  very  quiet,  and 
is  without  a  new  feature  of  any  kind.  About  $3.85  ia  the 
general  price  for  prompt  and  near  future  deliveries. 


Mining  Share  Market. 


Coal. 


Australian  . . . 
Liverpool  St'm 
Scotch  Splint. 
Cardiff 


Wellinjrton §  9  uo 

Scotch  Splint „  9  UO 

Greta     s  uO 

WeetmiusterBrymbo.  9  00 

Nanaimo. . ,        "  "     " 

Sydney ■  g  uO 

Gilman 7    0 


TO  LOAD. 

Per  Ton.  I  Per  Ton. 

7  50  @  7  75  Lehigh  Lump..  16  50@17  00 

8  50  @ Cumberland  bk  16  00@ 

9  00  @  9  00  Egg,  hard 15  50@ 

9  50@10  00| 

SPOT   FROM   YARD. 


Seattle 7  00 

Coos  Bay 6  00 

Cannel 12  00 

Egg,  hard 18  00 

Cumberland,  In  sacka  16  00 
do.  bulk 14  00 


A  Pacific  Coast  AoENcr  for  the  McNeal 
Pipe  and  Foandry  Co.  of  Burlington,  New  Jer- 
sey, has  been  eatablisfaed  in  this  oity.     Mr.  B.  , ^, ^ -  .    . 

A.  Kai^htis  manager,  with  office   in  room  4,    E.   Browne  and   H.    C,  Behr  oa  *' Dr.  Pohle'a 
No.  308  Market  street,  I  Air-Lift  Pump," 


The  remarkable  strength  exhibited  by  the  Com- 
stock shares  throughout  the  month  of  January  has 
been  a  source  of  fruit/ul  remarks  from  outsiders  who 
have  been  led  to  believe  that  lower  prices  must  ob- 
tain. The  very  close  money  market  has  kept  a  large 
class  of  outsiders  from  buying,  while  the  hard  times 
compelled  many  having  stocks  paid  for  to  sell  either 
part  or  all,  and  yet  the  market  absorbed  every  share 
sold  without  going  lower.  The  suspension  of  work 
in  about  all  the  mines  on  the  Comstock,  particularly 
in  the  Gold  Hill  group  of  mines,  from  Jan.  17th  to 
Feb.  4th  had  its  unfavorable  influence  on  the  mar- 
ket. Now  that  the  weather  has  moderated  in  Vir- 
ginia City  and  the  railroads  have  commenced  run- 
ning, work  in  the  mines  has  been  resumed,  with  ore 
being  extracted  from  the  bullion-producers.  Inside 
pointers  are  put  out  for  lower  prices,  claiming  that 
Col.  Mackay  and  Commodore  Flood  are- so  loaded 
up  with  stocks  that  they  are  unable,  for  the  want  of 
money,  to  make  a  deal.  When  stocks  were  up  a 
year  ago  the  points  then  were  that  Col.  Mackay 
and  Commodore  Flood  were  selling  short  on  every- 
thing along  the  line,  and  that  ex-United  States  Sen- 
ator Fair  and  General  AlvinzaHayward  were  buying 
so  as  to  corner  them,  and  the  advice  was  to  hold 
your  stock,  for  "Uncle  Jimmy '"  would  make  them 
smell  sulphur.  Now  that  slocks  are  down,  do  not 
buy,  for  Colonel  and  Commodore  will  have  to  unload, 
when  down  goes  the  market  as  badly  as  George 
Miller,  the  stockbroker,  went  with  his  wife  while  out 
buggy-riding.  In  outside  stocks  the  Tuscaroras,  to 
keep  up  with  the  times,  were  nearly  snowed  under 
by  the  bears.  A  report  is  now  current  that  Com- 
monwealth will  pay  a  dividend  in  next  month,  so  as 
to  oflFset  the  assessments  that  will  have  to  be  levied. 
The  Quijotoas  and  Bodies  were  very  quiet  at  black- 
board prices.  The  report  is  still  current  that  Bodie 
is  to  be  assessed  soon. 

From  the  mines  private  news  is  still  scarce,  due  to 
work  during  the  recent  heavy  snowstorms  having 
been  suspended  in  the  more  promising  mines  on  the 
Comstocks.  Official  letters  received  to-day  (Thurs- 
day) report  that  work  has  been  resumed,  and  that 
in  both  the  Alpha  and  Con  Imperial  north  drifts 
they  are  in  ore,  which,  in  the  former  mine,  shows 
an  improvement.  From  Overman,  Seg.  Belcher, 
Crown  Point  and  Belcher  our  advices  are  of  a  more 
flattering  character,  as  are  our  advices  from  Hale 
and  Norcross.  The  grade  of  ore  in  the  latter  mine 
continues  to  improve.  Taking  our  advices  as  a  whole, 
they  are  more  favorable  than  have  been  received  for 
several  months  past.  From  the  Tuscaroras  reliable 
advices  are  slightly  more  favorable,  yet  hardly 
enough  to  deserve  special  mention.  The  Quijotoas 
continue  to  send  along  good  news,  which  is  directly 
opposite  from  the  action  of  the  stocks.  Official  let- 
ters from  the  Bodies  are  of  the  same  stale,  barren 
character  they  have  been  for  a  long  time  past,  but 
rehable  private  advices  are  of  a  more  hopeful  char- 
acter, as  the  work  of  the  mines  progresses.  In  Bodie 
several  levels  are  being  opened  up  for  more  active 
prospecting  work,  which  will  be  carried  on  under 
the  supervision  of  Acting  Superintendent  John  W. 
Kelly,  Experienced  mining  men  in  Bodie  do  not 
now  appear  to  be  discouraged  and  speak  very  hope- 
fully of  the  future.  What  they  ground  their  faith 
on  our  correspondent  does  not  say,  but  intimates 
that  it  is  the  favorable  work  going  on  in  one  or  two 
of  the  mines. 

The  Teohnioal  Society  of  the  Pacific  Coast 
will  meet  at  its  rooms,  40S  California  street,  on 
Friday,  February  14th,  to  hear  a  paper  by  Rosa 


Naics  ot 
OoMPAmr. 


Alpha 

Aita 

Andes 

Belcher 

Beat  &  Belcher.... 

Bullion 

Bodie  Con 

Bulwer,. 

Commonwealth . . . 
Con.  Va.  &Oal.... 

ChaUenge 

ChoUar 

Confidence 

Con,  Imperial 

Caledonia 

Crown  Point 

Crocker 

EureKaCon 

Exchequer 

Grand  Prize 

Gk)uld&  Curry.... 
Hale  &  Norcross.. 

Julia 

JuBtice... 

Kentuck 

Lady  Wash , 

Mono 

Mexican 

NaT»jo 

North  Belle  Isle..., 

Nev.  Queen 

Occidental 

Ophir 

Overman 

Potosi 

Peerless 

Peer 


Week 
Endino 
Jan.  16. 


fO 

1,20    1.25 
50 

1.70  1  85 
2.25  2. 3D 
.55 
.45 


Week 
Ending 
Jau.  23. 


,95 
1.25 


Week 
Ending 
Jan.  30. 


.40 


3.40  3.85 
4.30 
I. 10  1  25 
2  20  2.25 
3.25 
2i 
15 

1  50    1.55 
.20       .25 


.15 


.25 


75 

1.30  1.40 

2..^0  2.75 

.25  ,30 

1.15  1  30 

.35  .70 

.30 


2  10 
.36 
1.05 

.25 


S.B.  &M 

Sierra  Nevada. . 

Silver  Hill 

Scorpion , 

Union  Con , 

Utah 

Tellow  Jadket.., 


3.05  3.40 
55 

i.eo  1.75 

25  .35 


1.40    1.55 
1.00    1.10 

l.SO 
25 
15 

2.05 


3.30 
4.75 


1.30    1.35 
2.30    2.45 

n 


15 

1.50    1.70 
20      .25 


45      .50 

55 
1.35    i.45 
2.80    2.85 

.30 
l.::0 

70 

30 

35      .40 
2.30    2.60 

30 
1.00 

,90 

65      .75 
3.45    3,70 

tio 

1.60 


..55 


.60 


1.70    1.95 


.15 
1.55 
1.05 
1.90 


1,25 

.fiO 

[.75    1.95 

2.40    2.50 

£0      .55 


.45 


.5u 


20 

3  55  3.65 
4  75 
1.30  1.40 
2.35    2.45 


25      .30 

1.50  lies 


Week 
Endinq 
Feb.  6. 


.90  .... 

1.25  .... 

.45  .60 

1.75  1.85 

2.40  2.50 

"  .65 

.50 

3.35    3'65 

4.60    4.8U 

.20    1.40 

2.40    2.80 

3.40 

.30 

.20 

1.50    1.65 


.55 


.60 

'.ZO  . . 

2.55  2.70 

.9i  I.'OS 

55 

3.60  3.70 

.60  .65 

1.70  ,. 

20  .. 

1  50  i!60 

l.CO  1.10 

1.90  2.00 


2.35  2.25    2.30 
.75    .55      .70 

2.051.9' 


4.00 

.50 

.35 
1.40    1.45 
2.80    3.05 

.2'i     .... 
1.30    1.40 

.60     .... 


2.65  2.75 

35  .... 

,85  .95 

55  "60 

3.b5  3.70 

65  1.00 

1.70  2.00 

25  .... 

20  .... 

1.60  1.65 

l.llO  1.45 

1.95  .... 

!i5  '.'.'.'. 

2.25  2.35 

.55  .60 

,00  2.05 


Sales  at  San  Francisco  Stock  Exchange. 


THTTEtaDAY,  Feb.  6,  9:30  a.  ai. 

250  B.&Belcher 1... 

200  Bullion 65c 

100  Con,  Imperial. 25c 

460  Chollar 2.70 

400  Commonwealth 3.40 

200  Grand  Prize 40c 

50  HaJeaNor 2.90 

200  Justice.. 1.30 


20  Mexican 2.61; 

200  Nev.  Queeu 70^ 

500  N.  Commonwealth.  ..8'_ 

500  Occident 65„ 

450  Overman, 1.0c 

100  Peer 20° 

4  0  Potoai 1.9c 

900  S.  B.  tM. 1.5? 


150  Union  . 

200  Utan.. 


..60^ 


Our  Agents. 

Ottb  Fribnds  can  do  much  tn  aid  of  oar  paper  and  the 
cause  of  practical  knowledge  and  science,  by  assisting 
Agents  in  their  labors  of  canvassing,  by  lending  their  in- 
fluence and  encouraging  favors.  We  intend  to  send  none 
but  worthy  men. 

J.  C.  HoAo — San  Francisco. 

R.  Q.  Bailey — San  Francisco. 

W.  W.  Thbobalds— Los  Angeles  Co. 

K  Fischer — Central  California. 

Geo.  Wilson — Sacramento  Co. 

E.  H.  SoHABPFLB —  Fresno  Co. 

C.  Edward  Robertson — Humboldt  Co. 

Prank  S.  Chapih— Butte  Co. 

Wu.  H.  Hillbart— Oregon. 

E.  E.    DBMffiQ — Oregon. 

Chas.  M.  Moody— Oregon. 


Complimentary  Samples. 

Persons  receiTlng  this  paper  marked  are  re- 
quested to  examine  its  contents,  terms  of  sub- 
scription, and  give  it  their  own  patronage,  and, 
as  far  as  practicable,  aid  in  circulating  the 
journal,  and  making  its  value  more  widely 
known  to  others,  and  extending  its  influence  in 
the  cause  it  faithfully  serves.  Subscription 
rate,  $3.00  a  year.  Extra  copies  mailed  for  10 
cents,  if  ordered  soon  enough.  If  already  a 
Bubsoriber,  please  show  the  paper  to  others. 

Messes.  James  Leftel  &  Company,  Spring- 
field, 0.,  manufacturers  of  the  celebrated  "  Old 
Reliable  "  water-wheel,  and  superior  steam  en- 
gines and  boilers,  have  enjoyed  a  very  tine 
trade  throughout  the  season  of  1SS9,  and  dairy 
many  orders  over  into  the  new  year.  They  are 
now  ronntDg  their  works  until  10  o'clock  at 
night,  in  order  to  meet  the  steadily  increas- 
ing demand  for  their  specialties. 

The  Senate  passed  the  bill  appropriating 
$1,000,000  to  enable  the  next  census  to  show 
the  amount  of  farm  mortgages  of  the  country. 


Feb.  8,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


105 


L.  C.  MABSHUTZ 


T.  O.  CANTRELL. 


NATIONAL  IRON  WORKS 

N.  W.  Corner  Main  and  Howard  Sts.,  San  Francisco, 

MAXLFACTUKEUS    OF 

Stationary  and  Compound  Engines,  Flour,  Sugar,  Saw 
and  Quartz  Mill  Machinery. 

AMALGAMATING  MACHINES.     CASTINGS  AND  FORCINGS  d°'.J,;\^^. 

ALL    WORK    TESTED    AND    GUARANTEED. 

IMPROVED    PORTABLE    HOISTING    ENGINES. 


NATIONAL  ROCKER  UUARTZ  MILL. 

KENDALL'S  PATBKT,  AUGUST  24,  1886. 

MARSHUTZ  &  CANTRELL,  Sole  Manufacturers. 

The  Patentee  and  UoDUfacturora 
cordlatly  invite  miners  to  critically 
examine  and  paes  Judgment  upon 
this  improved  syatom  of  milling 
and  amalgamating  ores  in  the  fol- 
lowing particulars: 

1.  The  cost  ia  leas  than  one-half  of 
stamps  of  same  capacity. 

2.  Thc.freight  to  mine  is  less  than 
one-half  of  stamps. 

3.  The  cost  of  erecting  is  less  than 
one-fourth  of  stamps. 

4.  The  power  todrive  ills  less  than 
one-half  of  stamps. 

6.  The  wear  is  less  than  one-quar- 
ter of  stamps. 

6.  There  ia  no  wear  except  on 
ahoes  and  diea. 

7.  In  point  Of  amalgamation  it  Is 
superior  to  any  other  machine 
in  use. 

8.  In  its  simplicity  of  construction. 

We  challenge  competition  with 
Stampa,  Ball  Pulverizers  or  and 
other  ore  crushing  machines  now 
before  the  publia 

tarSend  for  Circulars  and  Price  List-  MARSHUTZ    &    CANTRELL. 


IMPROVED  FORM  OF  HYDRAULIC  GIANTS. 


THE  ABOVE  CUT  ILLUSTRATES  THE  IMPKOVED  FORM  OF  DOUBLE- JOIN  TED  HY- 
DRAULIC GIANTS  which  we  manufacture.  We  guarantee  purchasers  of  this  form  of  Giants  against  all 
costs,  expenses  or  damages  which  may  arise  from  any  adverse  suits  or  actions  at  law.  We  are  further  prepared  to 
furnish  Single-Jointed  Giants  when  required.  Prices,  discounts  and  Catalogues  of  our  specialties  of  Iiy- 
draullo  Mining  Machinery  sent  on  application. 

JOSHUA  HENDY  MACHINE  WORKS.  39  to  51  Fremont  St./San  Francisco. 


X880.  1888. 

CATALOGUE    OF    200    PAGES. 


The  matter  Is  readily 
available .  — Tradesman. 

A  Complete  Work. — 
Colliery  Engineer. 

Handy  for  reference. — 
Jbm.  and  Sci.  Presa. 

Should  be  in  the  hands 
of  every  Engineer  and 
Contract'r.—  Eng.  arid 
Min.  Jottmal. 

A  valuable  addition  to 
the  literature  on  the 
subject— J?n^.  and  B'Vg 
Record. 


A  THE&TISE  AXD  HANDBOOK  ON 

ROCK  DRILLING 

AIR  COMPRESSING 

Mailed  Free. 


23  Park  Place,  New  York. 


In  reality  a  hand- 
book.— Am.  Jffan'facVr. 

Supplies  a  long  felt 
ws^t.— Man' frs'  jRecord. 

This  Catalogue  is  one 
of  unuBual  interest  and 
value.— ii.  &  Gazette. 

This  is  a  thoroughly 
good  publication. — ifn- 
gineering  News. 

The  useful  information 
will  be  tourd  specfally 
v.iluahle.  —  Eng,  and 
B'l'g  Record. 


PERFECT  PULLEYS 

First  Premium  Awarded  at  Mechanics'   Pair,    1884. 

otlmOii    *^    ivE ie: :e3 s :e3 , 

Sole  Licensed  Manufacturers  of  the 

MEDART    PATENT    WEO0GHT    EIM    PULLEY 

For  the  States  of  California,  Oregon  and  Nevada,  and  the  Territories  of  Idaho,  Washington 

Uontana,  Wyoming,  Utah  and  Arizona.      Lightest,  Strongest,  Cheapest  and 

Best  Balanced  Pulley  in  the  World.     Also  Manufacturers  of 

PAT.  OCT.  25, 1881.         SHAFTING.    HANGERS    AND    APPtJRTBNANOBS. 
tS'Ssmt  FOR  CiRoniiAaa  akd  Fkiob  List.*^ 
Nos.  129  and   181  FREMONT  8TBHIBT  ''AN    PRANOWOO.  GAL. 


ThlB  paper  Is  printed  with  Ink  Manufac- 
tured by  Charles  Eneu  Johnson  &  Co.,  600 
South  10th  St.,  Philadelphia.  Branch  Offi- 
ces—47  Rose  St,  New  York,  and  40  La  Salle 
St..  Ohlcaso.  Agent  for  the  Paciflo  Coast— 
Joseph  H.  Dorety.  sso  Oommprclal  St.,  S.  F. 


INVENTORS.     TAKE      NOTICE  1 
L.  PETERSON,  MODEL  MAKER, 

268  Market  St. ,  N.  E.  cor.  Front  (up  stairs),  San   Francslco 
Experlmeiital  machine.'y  and  all  kinds  of  models.  Tin 
and  brasBwork.    All  communications  strictly  confiden- 
tial 


Tie  PillsMali  Bier  Scale  BBSiilyBiil. 

^-Thia  Resolvent  IS  NOT  AN  EXPERIMENT  bat  a  FAOT,  aod  it  will  do  the  work 
oUimed  for  it  at  a  LESS  EXPENSE  than  any  other  boiler  purge,  AND  IN  NO  MANNER 
INJURE    THE    IRON. 

Carnboib  Brotiikhs &,  Co.,  Proiriktors  or  EiMiJUt  Tnouso.s  Steel  Works,  > 

I'lTTSBDROII,  I'A.      WORKS  AT  BRAUDOCK.  Oot.  i,  HisV.        ) 

We  use  tbo  Pittsburgh  "Boiler  Scale  Resolvent,"  and  are  well  »atieScd  with  the  results  obtained.  We  have 
tested  nearly  all  Compounds  presented  to  us,  and  this  one  la  the  only  g:oocl  tiilns:  we  have  ever  nsfil. 
Our  feed-water  is  lieatod  in  Berrymui  Ueateis,  but  owing  to  distance  of  he&tora  from  boilers,  wo  rarely  exceed  l&O 
degrees  of  heat  in  feed-water. 

Our  water  Is  of  the  worst  character,  containing  such  bad  impurities  as  salphate  of  lime,  cnrbonate  of 
lime,  mud,  and  everything  that  Is  bad.  Very  truly  yours,  WM.  R.  JONES,  Gen.  Supt. 

No  water  in  the  United  States  produces  scale  in  greater  quantity  or  of  a  harder  nature  than 
the  Monongahela  River,  containinR  SULPHATE  and  CARBONATE  of  lime,  iron,  MAGNESIA, 
SILICATE,  SULPHUR.  ALUMINUM,  eto.  The  following  well-known  mannfaoturera,  who 
are  large  eteam  naere  IN  PITTSBURGH,  and  naing  the  water  from  said  river  as  boiler-feed  for 
all  their  boilers,  USE  THIS  RESOLVENT  in  their  steam  plant,  and  to  whom  reference  is  hereby 
made:  Carnegie  Brothers  &  Co.,  Proprietors  of  the  Edgar  Thomson  Steel  Works;  Dilworth, 
Porter  &  Co. 's  Spike  Works;  and  Oliver  and  Robert's  Wire  Co. ;  and  many  other  firms  in  the 
great  mannfaoturing  center  WHERE  THE  RESOLVENT  IS  MADE.  Reference  ia  also  given 
to  Robert  MoMahon,  Boiler  Inspector  for  Alleghany  Co.,  Penn,,  and  to  the  following  Railway 
Companies  who  use  it  on  their  locomotives:  Kansas  City,  Fort  Scott  &  Gulf  Railroad;  Central 
Iowa;  Mexican  Central;  Delaware,  Lackawanna  &  Western ;  Burlington,  Cedar  Rapids  &  Northern, 
Terre  Haute  &  Indianapolis;  Mexican   National;  and  Denver  &  Rio  Grande  Western. 

Upon  receipt  of  order,  WITH  THE  PROMISE  OF  FAITHFULLY  CARRYING  OUT 
THE  PRINTED  DIRECTIONS,  we  will  furnish,  FOR  FIRST  INTRODUCTION,  a  Barrel, 
or  Half  Barrel,  of  the  Resolvent,  and  the  invoice  will  bear  the  following  stamp: 

(  TO  BE  PAID  FOR  WHEN  RESOLVENTS 
I  PROVES  ENTIRELY  SATISFACTORY.  J 


FOR  SALE  ONLY  BY 


TATUM    &    BOWEN 


Sole  Agents  for  the  Pacific  Coast, 

Dealers    in    Improved    Wood-Working    Machinery, 

Saw  Mill  MacMnery,  Eiipes,  Boilers,  Iron-WorMig  MachHiery,  Supplies,  Etc, 

Sole  Agents  for  Hoe  Ohisel-Tooth  Saw,  Gardner  Governor, 
Schultz  Leather  Belting,  Etc. ,  Eto. 

34  &  36  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco.        85  Front  St.,  Portland,  Or. 

£3'If  in  want  of  Machinery  of  any  description,  write  ns  for  Descriptive  Circalars  and  Prices, 


FRISBEE  WET  MILL. 

This  Mill,  with  a  weight  of  less  than  9000  pounds, 

has  a  capacity  of  three  tons  per  hour  of  hard 

quartz  to  40  mesh ;  has  been  thoroughly 

tested;  we  guarantee  its  work  as 

represented,  and  we  will  give 

long  time    trial. 


IT    HAS  NO  MORE  WEARING  PARTS  THAN  CORNISH  ROLLS 

And  renewals  will  not  cost  over  one-half  as  much  as  for  stamps.  Will  run  empty,  or  with  small 
amount  of  ore  without  injury.  The  attention  of  parties  having  Cement  Gravel  is  called  to  this 
Mill,  as  it  will  rnn  100  tons  per  day  to  No.  8  mesh;  30  to  35  H.  P. 

ODE  DRY  MILLS  are  the  moat  economical  ever  built,  and  are  extensively  used  with 
record  of  several  years.    No  grinding  in  nana.    Mill  finishes  to  any  flneneaa  desired. 

FRISBEE-LUCOP  MILL  COMPANY. 

GIDEON  FRISBEE,  Manager,        -        -       59  &  61  First  Street,  San  Francisco 
HOOKER  &  LAWRENCE.  Gen'l  Ag'ts,  145  Broadway,  New  York. 


106 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Feb.  8,  1890 


Pounded  hy  Mathew  Carey,  1785. 
HENRY  CAREY  BAIRD  &  CO., 

Industrial     Publishers,     Booksellera     and 

Importers, 

810  Walnut  St.,  Philadelphia,  Fa.,U.  S.  A. 

t^  Our  new  and  Reviecd  Catalogue  of  Practical  and 
Scientific  Booke,  84  pages,  Svo.,  and  our  other  Catalogues 
and  Circulars,  the  whole  covering  every  branch  of 
Science  applied  to  the  arts,  sent  free  and  free  of  postage 
to  any  one  in  any  part  of  the  world  who  will  furnish  his 


STEARNS  WIT'G  CO., 

29  &  31  Spear  St.,      San  Francisco,  Gal. 


MANDTACTURBRfi 

HIGH-GRADE  SAW  MILL    MACHINERY, 

ENGIJTES,  STEEL  BOILEES,  Etc. 

— IMPORTBRS   OF — 

Munaon's  Leather  Belting,  Goodell  &  Waters*  Woodwork- 
iug  Tools,  Hill's  Clutch  Pulleys  and  Couplings,  Emerson's 
Saws,  Emery  Wheels,  Tool  and  Knife  Grinders,  Ewart's 
Link  Belting,  L.  &  D.  Wood  Pulleys,  Hoisting  and  Pile 
Driving  Engines,  Etc 


The  Celebrated  H.  H.  H  Liniment. 


The  H.  H.  H.  Iiiniment  Is  for  the  treatment  of 
he  Aches  and  Pains  of  Humanity,  as  well  as  for  the  ail- 
ments of  the  beasts  of  the  fields.  Testimonials  from 
importers  and  breeders  of  blooded  stock  prove  Its  won- 
derful curative  properties.  No  man  has  ever  used  It  for 
an  aobe  or  pain  and  been  dissatisfied. 
H.  H.  MOORE  &  SONS,  Stockton,  Cal.,  Proprietors. 
For  Salk  bt  aiiI,  Druqokits. 


J.  C.  WILSON.  C.  A.  O'BRIEN. 

J.  MAODONOUGH  &  GO. 

LMPORTERa  AND  DEALBRS  IN 

COAL  ANOJIG  IRON. 

Principal  Office: 

41    MARKET  STKBBT,  COBNBB  SPBAB. 
Yards: 

S.W.  Cor.  Spear  &     g     S.W.  Oor.  Main  & 

Folscm,  <  Polsom, 

[Telephone  No.  1S64.]  SAN  FRANCISCO. 

FRANCIS  SMITH  &  CO. 

Manufacturers  oE 

Sheet  Iron  and  Steel  Pipe 

ALL    SIZES. 

ISO^Seale  Street,         San  Francisco,  Gal. 


Iron  cut,  punched  and  formed,  for  making  pipe  on 
ground.  All  kinds  of  Tools  supplied  for  making  Pipe. 
Estimates  given.  Are  prepared  for  coating  all  sizes  of 
Pipe  with  a  composition  of  Coal  Tar  and  Asphaltum. 


PACIFIC    ROLLING   MILL    CO., 

UANTJFACimimta  OF 

Cast  Steel  CasiB  ?5^  Steel  Foriis 


Practical  Treatise  on   Hydraulic  Mining. 

By  AUG.  J.  BOWIE,  Jr. 

This  new  ond  important  book  is  on  the  use  anr"  con^ 
struction  of  Ditches,  Flumes,  Dams,  Pipes,  Plow  of  Water 
on  Heavy  Grades,  methods  of  mining  shallow  and  deep 
placers,  history  and  development  of  mines,  records  of 
gold  washing,  mechanical  appliances,  such  as  noazles, 
hurdy-gurdys,  rockers, undercurrents,  eta;  also  describes 
methous  of  blasting;  tunnels  and  sluices;  tailings  and 
dump;  duty  of  miners'  inch,  etc.  A  very  practical  work 
for  gold  miners  and  users  of  water.  Price,  §5,  post-paid 
For  sale  by  Dbwby  &  Co.,  Publishers,  2?0  Market  St.,  San 
Franoisco. 


UP   TO   20,000   LBS.   WEIGHT. 

True  to  pattern  and  superior  in  strengrth,  tonghness  and  durability  to  Oast  or  Wrouaht 
Iron  in  any  position  or  for  any  service. 

GEARINGS,  SHOES,  DIES,  CAMS,  TAPPETS,  PISTON-HEADS,  RAILROAD  and  MA- 
CHINERY CASTINGS  of  Every  Description. 


HOMOGENEOUS  STEEL. 


SOFT  and  DUCTILE, 

SUPERIOR  TO  IRON  FOR 


LOCOMOTIVE  AWD  MARINE  FORGJNGS. 

ALSO  Steel  Bods,  from  }  to  3  inch  diameter  and  Flats  from  1  to  8  Inch.  Angles,  Tees,  Channela  and  other  shape 
Steel  Wagon,  Buggy,  and  Truck  Tires,  Plow  Steel;  Machinery  and  Special  Shape  Steel  to  size  and  lengths 
STEEI.  KAIIiS  from  12  to  45  poimds  per  yard.  ALSO,  Ballroad  and  Merchant  Iron,  Rolled 
Beams,  Angle,  Cliannel,  and  T  Iron,  Bridge  and  Machine  Bolts,  Lag  Screws,  Nuts,  Washers,  Ship  and  Boat 
Spikes;  Steamboat  Shafts,  Cranks,  Pistons,  Connecting  Rods,  etc  Car  and  Locomotive  Axles  and  Frames, 
and  Lron  Forginga  of  all  kinds,  Iron  and  Steel  Bridge  and  Roof  Work  a  Specialty. 

HIGHEST  PRICE  PAID  FOR  SCRAP  IRON  AND  STEXX. 

t^  Orders  will  have  prompt  attention.    Send  for  Catalogues.    Address 

PACIFIC  ROILING  HELL  CO.,  202  Market  St.,  San  Francisco. 


FULTON     IRON    WORKS, 

HINCKLEY,  SPIERS   &   HAYES,  Proprietors. 


[ESTABLISHED    IN    1855.] 


JSaiXX.   S*3:rA,xxolsoo. 


-MANOTACT0RB1UI    OP- 


TUSTIN'S    PULVERIZER. 


MARINE     ENGINES    AND    BOILEBS- 

Propeller  Engines,  either  High  Pressure  or  Compound, 
Stern  or  Side-wheel  Engines. 

MINING  MACHINERY.— Hoisting  Engines  and 
W*ks,  Cages,  Or«  Buckets,  Ore  Cars,  Pumping  Engines 
and  Pumps,  Water  Buokets,  Pump  Columns,  Air  Com- 
pressors, Air  Receivers,  Air  Pipes. 

MILL  MACHINERY.— Batteries  for  Dry  or  Wet 
Crushing,  Amalgamating  Pans,  Settlers,  Furnaces,  Re- 
torts, Concentrators,  Ore  Feeders,  Rock  Breakers,  Fur- 
naces for  Reducing  Ores,  Water  Jackets,  et^. 

MISCELLANEOUS  MACHINERY.— Flour 
Uill  Machinery,  Saw  Mill  Engines  and  Boilers,  Dredging 
Machinery,  Powder  Mill  Machinery,  Water  Wheels. 

Tustin's  Pulverizer 

WORKS  ORE  WET  OR  DRY. 


ENGINES^BOILERS 

OF  ALL  Knros, 
Either  for  use  on  Steamboats  or  for  use  on  Land. 

Water  Pipe,  Pump  or  Air  ColTunns,  Fish 
Tanks  for  Salmon  Canneries 

OF   RVBRT   DB80RIPTION. 

Boiler  Repairs  Promptly  attended  to  and  at  V9ry  moaerace  rates. 

AGBNTS  FOR  THB  PAOIPIC  COAST  FOR  THB 

X>ecixxe  Stoa.3a3.  X^uxxx'cs. 

SPECIALTIES : 

CoTllBs  Mnglnes  and  Tastin  Ore  Pnlverlzers.  DEANB    STEAM    PUMP. 

Agents  and  Manufaotiirers  of  the  Llewellyn  Peed  Water  Purifier  and  Beater. 


THE  GIANT  POWDER  COMPANY 

Manufaoture  Three  Kinda  of  Powder,  which  are  acknowledged  by  all  the  Great  Chemi8te  o(  the  World  as 

The  Safest  and  Strongest  High  Explosives  in  the  Market. 

Of  Different  Strengrths  as  Required. 

NOBEi:.'S    EXPLOSIVE     QEtATINB,"   which  contains    94  per  cent  of  NltTO-Glycerlne,  and 

OEI.ATINE-DYN AMITE,  Stronger  than  Dynamite  and  even  Saler  in  Handling. 

JUDSON  POWDER  IMPBOVED. 

FOK  BAIIiBOADS  AND  LAWU  CLEARING.  Is  fromthree  to  fourtlraesstronger  than  ordinary  Blast- 
ing Powder,  and  la  used  by  all  the  Railroads  and  Gravel  Claims,  as  it  breaks  more  ground,  pulverizes  better  And 
saves  time  and  money.    It  is  as  dry  as  the  ordinary  Blasting  Powder  and  runs  as  freely. 

BANDMANM,  NIELSEN  &  CO., 

OAPS  and  FUSE  for  Sale.  GBNBBAL  AGBNTS,  SAN  PBANCISCO    OAL. 


QUARTZ  SCREENS 


A  specialty.  Round,  slot 
or  burred  slot  holes.  Gen- 
uine Russia  Iron,  Homo- 
geneous Steel,  Cast  Steel  or 
American  planished  Iron, 
Zhac,  Copper  or  Brass  Screens  for  all  purposes.  Cali- 
fornia Perforating  Screen  Co.,  145  &  147  Beale  St,,  S.  F. 


FOR  ENGRAVINGS  ^'J^y  ^E^n^Lvil^^'U" 

piny,  No.  320  Muket  street,  San  Frudsco. 


COAL  MINES  OF  THE  WESTERN  COAST. 

A  few  copies  of  this  work,  the  only  one  ever  published 
treating  of  Pacific  Coast  Coal  Minmg,  have  been  ob- 
tained, and  are  for  sale  at  this  office  for  32.60  per  copy. 
It  was  written  by  W.  A.  Goodyear,  Minhig  and  Civil 
Engineer,  formerly  of  the  California  State  Geological 
Survey, 


N.  W.  SPAULDING 

_______  _^ — ;^        Manufacturers  of 

SPAUIiDING'S 


Inserted  Tooth 

AND 

CHISEL    BIT 

CESCnLAK 

Saws. 


SAW  MILLS   AJSTD   MACHINERY 

01  all  kinds  made.to  order.    Send  for  Descriptive  Cata 
logne,    17  and  19  Fremont  St.,  San  Franolaoo, 


Irop  apd  ^acliipe  M. 


UNION   IRON  WORKS, 

8AOBAMENTO,  OAL. 

ROOT.    NEILSON    &    CO.. 

MANXTAOTDRBES  OF 

Steam     Engines,    Boilers, 

AKD  ALL  KINDS  OP 

MACHINERY  FOR  MINING  PURPOSES. 

Flouring  Mills,  Saw  Mills  and  Quartz  Mills  Machinery 
oonstruoted,  fitted  up  and  repaired. 

Front  St.,  bet.  N  &  O  sts.,         Sacramento,  Gal. 


CALIFORNIA    MACHINE   WORKS, 

WM.  H.  BIRCH  &  CO., 

SKGINSERS    AND     MACHINISTS. 

No.  119  Beale  St.,      -      -      San  Francisco. 

BUILDBRB  OF 

Steam  Engines,  Saw  Mills,  Mining  Machinery,  Dredging 
Machines,  Rock  Crushers,  Cable  Railway  Machinery, 
Ellithorp  Air  Brake  Co.'s  Patent  Steam  and  Hydraulic 
Elevators,  Air  Cushions  and  Air  Brakes.  POSITIVE 
SAFETIES.  Improved  Ram  Elevators,  Sidewalk  and 
Hand  Hoists.  B.  E.  Heniickson's  Patent  Automatio 
Safety  Catches. 

Macliiiies  of  all  kinds  Made  and  Repaired. 
Orders  Solicited, 


Golden  State  &  Miners  Iron  Works. 

Manufacture  Iron  Oastingrs  and  Maohlnery 
of  all  Kinds  at  Greatly  Bednced  Bates. 

STEVENSON'8  PATENT 

Mold-Board  AMALGAMATORS, 
Golden  State  Pressure  Blowers. 

First  St.,  between  Howard  A  Folaom,  S.  F, 


FHOUAS  THOMPSON 


IHORNTON  THOMPSON 


THOMPSON    BROTHERS. 

EUREKA    FOUNDRY, 

129  and  ISl  Beale  St.,  between  Mission  and  Howard,  S.F 

HANVPAOTITRBRS  OP  OABTINQS  OP  HVKtT  DBSORIPTIOR. 


Mining    Engineers. 


CIVIL    AND     MINING    ENGINEER 

Of  long  experience,  practical  and  adminit-trative,  In 
Copper,  Silver  and  Gold  Mining  in  Europe  and  America, 
offers  services  a3Manag;er  orSuijerintendent,  or  to  search 
(or  and  report  on  Mines.  Now  in  Mexico.  Several  Lan- 
guages,   Address  C.  F.,  Box  26X7,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


W.  A.  GOODYEAR, 

Oivil    and    Mining    Engineer, 

MmiNQ  BXPKEI  AND  GEOLOGIST. 
Address  "  Business  Box  A,"  office  of  this  paper,  San 


ROSS   E.  BROWNE, 

Mining  and  Hydraulic  Engineer, 

No.  S07  SAfiSoHB  St.,  San  Francisco. 


ISRAEL  W.  KNOX, 
Mining  and  Mechanical  Engineer 

AND  PtmOHASINO  AOBNT  FOR 

Mines,  Mining:  Machinery  &  Supplies. 

Mines  Examined,  Reports  and     Estimates   Furnished, 

Contracts  made,  etc 
Office,  2S7  First  St.,       San  Francisco,  Oal. 


CLAYTON 

AIR  COMPRESSORS 

For  Working 
Rock    Drills,   Coal   Cutters, 
Hoisting   Engines    and  Water 
Pumps  in  Mines  and  Tunnels, 
Sinking  Caissons,  Etc.,  Etc. 

SEND  FOR  CATALOCUE  No.  6, 

Clayton  Air  Compressor  Works, 

43  DBY  ST.,  NEW  YORK. 


THE  RUSSELL  PROCESS  COMP'Y. 

TALCOTT  H.  RUSSELL,  Secretary, 
NEW  HAVEN  CONN. 

p.  O.  Box  496. 


Feb.  8,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press, 


107 


PROVED    BELT   FRUE   ORE  CONCENTRATOR. 


The  Beet  Or«  Concentrator  In  tlio  market,  having  double 
the  Capacity  and  doing  its  work  ae  oloso  aa  the  pUin  B;»lt 
machine,  while  ita  oonoentrationa  are  olean.  It  ia  need  in 
a  number  of  Mills,  the  meet  notable  of  which  ia  the 
Alaska  M.  &.  M.  Co'a  Milt,  where  24  Improved  Belt  Frnea 
are  taking  the  Pnlp  from  120  Stamps,  oruihing  350  tons 
per  day,  and  ia  giving  entire  aatisfaotion  av  against  48 
plain  Belt  Micbinea,  taking  the  Pulp  from  the  other  120 
SCampa, 


Price  of  Improved  Belt  Frue  Vanner,  $900,  f.  o.  b. 
Price  of  Plain  Belt   Frue   Vanner,  $575, 1,  o.  b. 


Protected  by  Patents  December  22, 1874;  September  2, 
1879;  April  27,  1880;  March  22,  1S81;  February  20,  1SS3; 
September  18,  1883;  July  24,  1888.     Patents  applied  for. 


For  Pamphlets,  Testimonials  and   forther  informatio 
apply  at  olhcc. 

ADAMS  &  CARTER,  Agents  FRUE  VANNING  MACHINE  CO.,  Room  15, 


There  are  Over  2200  Plain  Belt  Machines  now 
In  Use. 

Tmi  MoHTAilA  COHPANT  (Llmlt«(l),  LOKDOK.  Octol)or  8, 1886. 
0KAR  Sikh  :— Having  ttstcd  three  of  your  Fruo  Vktiners  In  a  com. 
petittve  trial  with  other  similar  maohlnes  (Triumph),  we  have  xatlsflod 
ounjBlvert  of  tlio  BUporiority  of  your  Vaiiuurs,  as  Is  ovideocetl  by  the 
(act  of  our  havint;  orUureil  20  more  of  your  macliiDen  for  immedlato 
Uelivery.     Vours  truly,         THE  MONTANA  COMPANY  (Limited). 

N.  B. — Since  the  above  was  wTitten  tho  20  Vannera,  having  been 
Hfarted,  i^ve  such  satlufaction  that  ii  additional  Fruoa  and  more 
Mtampa  havu  been  purchaaod.  ADAMS    &    CAftTEB, 

No.  132  Market  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


"TRIUMPH"  ORE  CONCENTRATOR  w™  IMPROVED  RIFFLED  BELT. 


The  competitivo  trials  which  have  been  hold  between  the 
"Triumph"  Ore  Concentratora,  the  **  Frue"  Vannera  and 
other  forms  of  conccDtrating  devioea,  do  not  warrant  the  as* 
sertionthat  the  **Frae  *  Vaaaer  ia  the  best  ore  ooDcontrator  in 
the  market.  The  fact  that  the  "FraeB*'  have  improved  (cor- 
rn^ated)  belts  does  not  militute  aj^ainat  the  superiority  of  tbo 
"Triumpha;"  for,  when  deaired,  they  (the  "Triumpba")  can 
be  mounted  with  a  superior  belt  kuowa  ae  the  **  Blasdel  " 
Riffled.  

Price  "  Triumph  "  Concentrators,  with  Im- 
proved (Patented)  Belt       ■       -       -        $650  f.  o.  b. 

Price  "  Triomph "  Concentrators,  with 
Plain  Belt $550  f.  o.  b. 


Wo  are  prepared  to  guanmteo  the  aupfriority  of  the  "T.iumph"  over 
the  "  Fruo  "  or  any  other  form  of  Concentrator,  for  coin  if  need  be. 
Clrculant  and  tcstlmoDlal  letters  fuiniahed  on  applicntioti. 


f  JOSHUA  HENDY  MACHINE  WORKS, 

39  to  51  Fremont  Street,     San  Francisco,  Cal 


Both  the  "Triumph"  Concentrator  and  "Blaadel"  (riftled) 
Belt  are  protected  by  inonnteatable  lettera  patent,  granted 
by  the  Government  of  the  United  states. 

Orifflnal  Empire  Mill  and  Mining  Companv,  ) 

Principal  Office,  401  California  St..  cor.  Sansome,  S.  F.      > 
Lotation  of  Worke,  Grata  VaUey,  Nevada  Co.,  Cal.  ) 
Grass  Vallet,  Nkvada  Co.,  Cal.,  Nov.  10, 1S85. 
Joshua  Hendy  Machine  Works,  S'J  to  51  Fninont  St.,  S.  F.,  Cal.: 
r--^  Gkstlkmbn— I  am    pleased   to  state,  in  reference  to  the  "  Triumph" 

Ore  Concentrator3,   that  four  (4)  of  them  were  placei  in  the  mill  of  the 
Original  Emipre  Mill  and  MiDiiiit  Company  in  April,  1884,  and  a  thorouph 
■   tuHt  made  of  their   p'^t'ctic^l  optr  tion;  and  their  ctliciency  havinp  been 
J  denionatrated,  four  (4)  more  wore  aiibsequcntly  introduced  as  the  comple- 
-J   ment  of  the  Twenty   (20)  Stamp  Mill,  aijd  the  eight  (8J  have  been  and  are 
-/    now  running  with  cnlirely  satisfactory  resnlta. 

At  the  Tea  (10)  Stamp  Mill  of  the  North  Star  Miniofr  Company,  unffer 
my  Bupervifiion,  four  (4)  are  also  in  euccesaful  operation,  and  from  my 
obaetvation  of  their  practical  workings,  I  am  convinced  that  thia  form  of 
Concentratora  is  the  equal,  if  not  auperlor  to  any  other  style  of  Vannera 
or  cnncentfatintf  devices.  DA\^D  McKAY,  Jr., 

[Sienedj  Sup't  North  Star  and  Orig^inal  Empu-e  Mining  Co. 

N.  B.     When  the  stamping  eapacity  of  the  two  above  named  mills  waa  in- 
creased, more  '*  Triumph  "   Concentrators  were    purchased,  and  twenty- 
'       eij:ht  (28)  are  now  in  constant  successful  operation. 


CALIFORNIA    WIRE    WORKS 


X:S17.^^3BXjXSZZX3X3    3.8S2.       X]\rC:OX%POXl.A.-X'X:X3    1882. 


MANUFACTURERS  OF 

Steel  "Wire  Rope, 

OF  ALL  KINDS  FOB. 

CABLE  RAILWAYS, 

ROPEWAYS  and  TRAMWAYS, 

Mining,  Shipping  &  General  Purposes. 


WIRE, 

BARBED   WIRE, 
WIRE   NAILS, 

WIRE    CLOTH. 

Full  Aesortment  Always  In  Stock. 


OFFICE: 

9  Fremont  Street,  San  Francisco. 

Send  for  Illustrated  Catalo^e. 


hallidie's 
Patent  VV'RE  Ropeway, 

For  the  Economical  and  Bapid 

Transportation    of   Ore 

and  other  material. 


Erected  by  Us  During  the  Past  Fourteen  Tears  in  Spans  of 

200  TO  2.000  FEET. 


Simple,  Economical  and  Durable. 


TKANSPORTATION     OF    OKB    BT    H.A  I,I,IDIE'S     PATENT    'WIRE    ROPEWAT. 


HAVE   BEEN  THOROUGHLY  TESTED 
In  all  Parts  of  the  Country. 


Vulcan  Iron  ^qms>, 

135-145  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


{stamp    Batteries,    Pans    and    Settlers, 
"Dodge,"  and  Improved  Blake,  Rock-Breakers, 
"Dodge"  Pulverizers,  Slime  Machines,  etc. 

AERIAL  WIRE  ROPEWAYS. 

(VULOAN    PATENT   SYSTEM.) 

Tbe  cheapest  and  most  reliable  form  of  Traasportation  of  Ore,  Coal,  eto.     Saves  four^fifths 
of  the  coat  by  any  other  method. 

SAW-MILL  )  (      CORLISS, 

REFRIGERATING  }  MACHINERY.    STEAM  ENGINES  \  Meyer  Cut-off, 
CABLE-ROAD       )  (   Slide  Valve, 

SPECIAL  MACHINERY  TO  ORDER. 


SeATTING, 
PULLETS, 
BOXES, 

aANOERS,  etc. 


REPAIR  WORK  SOLICITED. 


HOISTING  ENGINES  FOR  MINES 


1,2,  or  4  Drums,  with  Reversible  Link 
Motion  or  Pat.  improved  Friction. 


MADE   ONLY   BY  TITK 


LIDGERWOOD  MT'G  CO.. 

08  Liberty  St.,  New  Yorlc. 

34  and  38  West  Monroe  St.,  Chicago. 

197  to  203  Congress  St,  Boston. 

PACIFIC    COAST    AGENTS, 

PARKE  &  LACY  CO.,  San  Francisco. 

Send  for  Catalograe. 


ESTABLISHED    1866. 


Pacific  Chemical  Works 

HENRY    G.    HANKS, 

Practical  and  Indnstrlal  Chemist,  Assayer 
and  Geologist, 


718  MONTGOMERY  ST., 


SAN  FRANCISCO. 


ggrVfiW  report  on  the  condition  and  value  of  any  mining  property  on 
tbe  Pacific  Coast.  Rare  (^lemicals  made  to  order.  luatruotiona  given  in 
Afisaylng  and  Prootloal  Cliemistry , 


108 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Feb.  8,  1890 


PARKE    &    LACY  COMPANY 


-IMPORTERS  AND  MANUFACTURERS  OP- 


MINING,    MILL^-nd    GENERAL     MACHINERY. 


ENGINES,  BOILERS,  STEAM  PUMPS, 

AIR  COMPRESSORS,  ROOK  DRILLS, 
WALL'S  CRUSHING  ROLLS, 

CONCENTRATORS,  PULVERIZERS, 
TURBINE  WATER  WHEELS, 

ROOK  BREAKERS,  DRY  JIGS. 

Bullock^s  Diamond  Drills 


^^"X 


GOLDEN  GATE  CONCENTRATORS, 

GREATEST  CAPACITY  OF  ANY  CONCENTRATOR  MADE, 
One  Machine  Taking  Pulp  from  10  Stamps. 


SAW    MILLS,    MACHINE    TOOLS, 
PLANING  MILLS,  INJECTORS  and  EJECTORS 
BELTING,  PACKING,  OILS,  LUBRICATORS, 
FIRE    EXTINGUISHERS, 
CENTRIFUGAL  PUMPS, 
ROTARY  PUMPS,  GANG  EDGERS, 
CAMPBELL'S    STEAM    FEEDS, 
MILL    and    MINE    SUPPLIES. 


C3r:Ei3Xr3Ei3Fl  A  T  ■     .^k.GrXSZO'^FS     X*OX<. 


WESTINGHOUSE    AUTOMATIC     ENGINES. 


DOMPOTyNrn       **  engines, 


SALES  DURING  LAST  POUR  MONTHS: 

„^„„  STATED  A  PD  99  ENGINES,  TTTMTOT?  lee  engines, 

POWER.  Oi.J^i.''HJXi.I\ilJ,    4500  HORSE  POWER.  J  U  IN  i^JXVr,    4260  HORSE  POWER. 

GrTcaxt.<3L   'To-talL,    309    ZSZLslzieis,    .A.sS^^S^''*i-^^S   XS.SVS  XZoirse    I'ox'o-or. 


21  and  23  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco,  Oal. 


189  Clarence  St.,  Sydney,  N.  S.  W. 


JOSHUA  HENDY  MACHINE  WORKS, 


(INOORPOEATED   SBPTBMBEE   29,    1882.) 


Nos.  39  to  51  Fremont  Street, 


San  Francisco,  Oal. 


Manufactiirers  of  NEl  and  Dealers  in  SECOHD-HAND  BOILERS,  ENGINES,  PDMPS  and  MACHINERY 


LUBRICATING  COMPOUNDS  and  OILS  of  the  Best  Makes. 
PIPE  and  PIPE  FITTINGS. 

Brass   Goocls_and    Fittings. 

Hydraulic  Mining,  Quartz,  and  Saw-Mill  Machinery,  Hydraulic  Gravel 

Elevators,  Hydraulic  Giants,  "Triumph"  Ore  Concentrators, 

Automatic  Ore   Feeders. 

WOODWORKING 
MACHINERY 

COMPEIBING— . 

Band    Saws,    Stickers. 

Planers,  Shapers, 
SHINGLE  MILLS,  Etc. 

COMPOUND    DUPLEX    PUMP. 

IMPROVED     SINGLE     AND     DOUBLE     CIRCULAR     SAW-MILLS. 

AGENTS    FOR    THE    SALE    OP 

',' Eclipse"  Corliss  Engines,  Porter  Manufacturing  Go's  Engines  and  Boilers,  "Baker"  Eotary  Pressure  Blowers,  "Wilbraham"  Eotary  Piston 
Pumos, "  Hazleton"  Tripod  Boilers,  "Jewell"  Water  Purifiers,  Buffalo  Duplex  Steam  Pumps,  P.  Blaisdell  &  Co.'s  Machinists'  Tools. 


Steam  Pumps  of  ail  Makes, 

CENTRIFUGAL    PUMPS, 

MINING    PUMPS. 

BLOWERS  AND   EXHAUST  FANS. 

LEATHER  and  RUBBER 

IS  E3  Ij  ^P  X  3?J  C3p- 

Stationary,  Portable,  and  HoistiDg 

ENGINES  and  BOILERS. 

Shafting, 

Pulleys, 

Boxes,  \ 

Hangers. 


VAN   DOZEN'S 

JET 


For  MILLS,  FACTORIES,  SHOPS,  ETC. 

For  Elevatinsr  antl  Convcyins  I.i€|Oids. 
For  Eniptyinsr  Pit**.  Siiafca,  Cesspools,  eUi., 

aiici  as  a  Fire  Piiuip. 
10  sues.  S7toS"5-  Every  Pninp  warranted. 

Write  for  Descriptive  Pump  Circular,  v. 

VAN    DUZEN  4  TIFT,  CINCINNATI,  O. 


I.    «3.    ■V.A.Ba'    -V^IKTHIXjIES    c*3    oo.. 

Importers  and  Dealers  In 

IRON,  STEEL,  HEAVY  HARDWARE,  CUMBERLAND  COAL,  PERKINS  AND  BURDENS 

Horse  and  Mule  ShoeB,  Putnam,  Globe  and  Northwestern  Horaeehoe  Nails,  HABDWOOD  LUMBER  AND  WAGON 
MATERIALS,  Blacksmith  and  Carriage  Makers'  Supplies. 

SOLE    AGENTS    FOR    THE    WELLS    RUSTLESS    PIPE    AND    FITTINGS, 
Specially  manufactured  for  use  in  Artesian  Wells,  and  for  convej'ing  water  charged  with  Salts  and  Minerals,  Adda, 
Qaaea  or  other  Bubetances  of  a  corrosive  nature.    In  building  it  tabes  the  place  of  either  black  or  galvanized  piping 
or  gaa,  water-waste,  etc.    Catalogues  and  testimonials,  from  large  useiB  in  the  United  States,  sent  on  application. 

413-415  MASEXTiLSIBEET,  SAH  FBANCISCO. 


Smelter  For  Sale  or  Exchange. 


One  fiO-ton,  wrought  iron,  water-jacket  Smelting  Fur- 
nace (30"x6O"  at  .the  tuyeres)  o(  the  latest  design,  wi  h 
Crusher,  Bluwer,  Boiler,  Pumpa,  Engines,  Tools,  and 
everj'tbing  complete  for  immediate  delivery,  and  only 
used  about  six  months.  Cheap  for  cash,  or  will  exchange 
for  interest  in  a  Lead-Silver  Mine,  or  erect  in  any  mining 
camp  that  will  guarantee  a  certain  output.  For  further 
paracutarB  address  Box  28,.EIkhom,  Montana. 


VOL.    LX.-  Number    7. 

OEWEY  A,  CO.,  PuSLiSHERa. 


SAN    FRANCISCO,    SATURDAY,  FEBRUARY   15,   1890. 


Tliree  Dollars  per  ATinum. 

Single  Copiee,  10  Cta. 


The  Fulton  Rock-Breaker. 

A  patent  was  seonred  this  week  through  the 
Mlmno  and  Scientific  Peess  Patent  Agency 
for  the  FaltoD  rock-breaker^  which  embraces 
•everal  new  and  valaable  improvements  in  this 
olasB  of  mtning  maohinery.  The  old  form  and 
principle  of  the  BUke  machine,  of  a  central 
osoiliating  pitman,  transmitting  its  motion  to 
the  moving  jaw  through  toggle  jointed  plates, 
is  retained,  and  in  the  Fulton  rook-breaker  the 
Blake  movement  will  be  foand  proportioned 
and  applied  in  the  best  form  called  for  by  prac- 
tioe.  The  Fulton  Iron  Works  of  this  city  claim 
no  improvement  on  the  Blake  principle,  but 
have  endeavored  in  designing  their  new  ma* 
chines  to  render  the  wearing  parte  more  acces- 
sible and  easier  renewed,  and  also  to  make 
such  improvements  in  the  mannfaotare  as  in- 
oreaee  the  wearing  qcalitiea. 

Fig.  1  of  the  engravings  shows  the  rook- 
breaker  with  stationary  jiw  closed  and  ready 
for  work.    Fig.  2  shows  the  jaw  open    to  allow 


LONGITUDINAL.SECTION  CROGS   SECTION 

SECTIONS    OP    MINE    SHOWING    OBB-PILLARS.— See  page  116. 


of  the  die,  and  holding  it  firmly  In  place  when 
side  bars  are  tightened.  It  will  be  seen  from 
this  that  no  bolts  are  required  for  holding  the 
die  In  place  ;  and  consequently  new  bolts  of  ft 
special  pattern  have  not  to  be  provided  every 
time  a  new  die  la  pat  on  the  jaw  ;  and  when 
the  jaw  is  lowered  it  ia  only  neoeasary  to  alip 
ofifthe  olddie,  replaoe  it  with  a  new  one  and 
awing  back  into  position.  The  oheek-platei 
can  alao  be  easily  renewed  when  the  stationary 
jaw  is  lowered;  and  the  movable  jaw  can  be 
awnng  entirely  olear  of  the  frame  and  a  new 
shoe  fitted  to  it  without  taking  Ita  snpportlDg 
shaft  oat  of  ita  bearings. 

The  section  of  the  upper  part  of  pitman  In 
Fig,  3  shows  a  simple  and  effective  device  for 
preventing  the  pounding  and  oonseqaent  heat* 
ing  of  this  important  bearing  when  the  ecoen- 
trio  shaft  haa  worn  oat  of  roand,  dae  to  the 
strain  upon  it  being  constantly  in  one  direotion. 
A  spring  is  placed  beneath  the  loose  babbitt- 
lined  gib  bearing  against  the  lower  part  of  the 
ahaft;  the  tension  of  the  spring,  and  oonaequent- 


Flg.  1. -FULTON    BOOK-BREAKER    READY    FOB    WOBK. 

easy  renewal  of  the  ahoe,  die  and  cheek-plates 
when  they  become  worn.  Fig.  3  ia  a  sectional 
view  taken  through  the  center.  The  numbers 
on  the  latter  cut  refer  to  parts  which  it  is  un- 
necessary to  detail  here. 

As  will  be  seen,  the  stationary  jaw  is  rigidly 
held  in  place  in  Fig.  1  by  means  of  flat  iron 
bars  having  eyea  forged  on  their  ends,  slipping 
over  shafts  in  top  and  bottom  of  the  jaw.  By 
taking  out  the  pins  in  the  ends  of  the  upper 
shaft  and  loosening  the  nuts  holding  them  in 
tension  at  back  of  rock- breaker,  the  upper  bars 
can  be  slipped  off  and  the  jaw  pivoting  on  the 
lower  shaft  can  be  opened  and  lowered  as  shown 
in  Fig.  2.  The  die,  when  jaw  is  closed  as  in 
Fig.  1,  is  held  in  place  by  its  edges  abut- 
ting and  being  tightly  held  against  the  cheek 
or  wearing  plates  on  the  inside  of  the  rock- 
breaker.  These  cheek-plates  have  strong  hubs 
cast  upon  their  aides  which  fit  into  correspond- 
ing boles  In  the  side  frames,  thus  allowing 
them  to  accommodate  themselvea  to  the  edges 


Fig.  2.-EOCK-BBEAKBB    WITH    JAWS    OPEN, 


FlB.  S.-SBCTIONAL    VIEW    OF    FULTON    ROOK-BREAKER 


ly  its  presanre  against  the  gib,  ia  regulated  by 
a  wedge  placed  beneath  and  adjusted  by  means 
of  nuts  on  outside  of  pitman.  In  this  way  all 
lost  motion  is  taken  op  and  both  ponnding  and 
heating  prevented. 

A  fair  idea  of  the  oonstmotion  of  the  ahoe 
and  die  may  be  obtained  from  Figa.  2  and  3. 
They  are  composed  of  alternate  layers  of 
wrought  iron  and  hardened  machine-steel  bars 
placed  on  edge  and  held  together  by  a  heavy 
wrought  iron  band  shrank  around  them.  The 
iron  being  softer  than  the  steel,  wears  away 
more  rapidly,  causing  the  shoe  and  die  in  a 
short  time  to  present  a  corrugated  surface 'to 
the  rock  and  giving  a  better  crushing  effect. 
The  surfaces  of  the  iron  bars  do  not  wear  bat 
a  short  distance  below  those  of  the  ateel,  being 
then  protected  by  them,  and  obliging  the  hard- 
ened steel  to  do  most  of  the  work,  whioh  it  la 
far  better  calculated  to  stand.  There  la  no 
danger  of  the  bars  becoming  loose  and  falling 
{Continued  on  page  119.) 


110 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press) 


[Feb.  15,  1890 


COI^F^ESPOIMDE^CE. 


We  admit,  unindorsed,  opinions  of  correspondents. — fins. 


The  Golden  City  Mining  Company. 

Editobs  titESS  : — Being  largely  interested  in 
the  mining  iodaatry  of  this  State,  and  partica- 
larly  in  connection  with  the  Golden  City  Min- 
ing Co,,  of  which  I  am  Secretary  and  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Board  of  Directors,  I  should  like  to 
have  all  those  who  are  interested  in  these  and 
similar  industries  know  what  our  proapeotaare. 

The  company  was  incorporated  on  the  23d 
of  J^nly,  1889,  under  the  general  laws  of  the 
State  of  Oregon  relating  to  private  corpora- 
tions, with  a  capital  stock  oF  $1,000,000,  divided 
into  1,000,000  shares.  For  certain  reasons 
thoae  interested  in  the  mines  to  develop  which 
this  company  was  incorporated,  the  directors 
on  the  30fch  of  November,  1889,  filed  supple- 
mental articles  of  incorporation  iocreaeing 
the  capital  etock  of  the  company  to  $3,000,- 
000,  divided  into  ae  many  shares. 

The  stock  of  the  company  is  now  assessable, 
and  the  directors  have  ordered  that  the  stock 
be  sold  at  the  market  price,  which  at  the  pres- 
ent is  ten  cents  per  ahare,and  a  suffiQient  amount 
thereof  be  disposed  of  to  put  in  the  necessary 
machinery  to  develop  and  operate  the  mines 
to  a  paying  basis. 

There  is  no  difficulty  in  disposing  of  stock  on 
the  aforesaid  terms,  and  we  feel  confident  that 
with  the  sale  of  a  half-million  shares  we  can 
pat  in  such  machinery  as  shall  be  required. 

The  company  own  11  large  gold  und  silver* 
bearing  quartz  ledges,  all  of  which  are  situated 
within  a  radius  of  two  miles  and  about  60  miles 
from  Albany,  the  route  from  here  being  over 
the  Oregon  Pacific  Railway  to  Gatesville,  or 
E-ock  Creek,  the  latter  being  the  name  of  the 
postoffioe  at  that  point,  and  thence  by  trail  20 
miles  to  the  mines,  in  the  old  Santiam  or  Qaartz- 
ville  district. 

Some  years  since  there  was  a  good  wagon- 
road  into  the  mountains  to  this  mining  district, 
but  years  of  disuse  and  fallen  timber  have  ren* 
dered  it  impassable  except  with  pack*horees, 
though  the  writer  is  informed  that  last  fall  the 
road  to  within  three  miles  of  Quartz rille  was 
passable  for  wagons. 

When  spring  opens  a  good  wagon-road  will 
be  opened  and  rendered  passable,  so  that  the 
mines  in  this  district  will  be  easily  accessible. 
The  mines  of  the  company  have  been  prospect- 
ed for  the  past  year,  and  assays  from  the  ore 
taken  therefrom  disolose  high-grade  milling 
ore,  which  varies  in  richness  from  $i  to  $400 
per  ton  in  gold,  and  with  traces  of  silver.  From 
the  aoceasibility  of  mines,  the  size  of  ledges 
and  the  ease  with  whioh  the  ore  can  be  worked, 
we  may,  without  presumption,  predict  that 
these  mines  will  in  a  very  short  while  be  con- 
sidered desirable  properties. 

Albany,  Oregon.  L   H   Montanye. 

A  Big  Gold  Ledge, 

Editors  Press  :— The  Grunter  mine  is  situ- 
ated at  Shoup,  Lemhi  Co.,  Idaho,  on  the  Salmon 
river,  and  a  short  deaoription  may  be  of  inter- 
eat  to  mining  men  and  capitalists,  and  perhaps 
benefit  some  one  now  or  in  the  near  future. 
This  mine  is  owned  by  original  locators.  The 
country  rock  here  is  principally  granite,  with 
two  large  dykes  running  at  right  angles  to  each 
other  and  plainly  traceable  for  miles;  one  is 
bird's-eye  porphyry  and  the  other  blue  syenite. 
The  latter  has  a  southwest  course,  and  forms 
the  hauging*wall  of  the  vein.  The  ore  crops 
out  about  300  feet  above  the  river,  and  dips 
south  at  an  angle  of  75  degrees  with  the  hill 
and  toward  the  river,  which  makes  it  easy  to 
develop.  There  are  open  cuts  run  at  short  in- 
tervals along  the  croppings  for  600  feet,  which 
show  some  very  fine  honey-combed  and  sol- 
phnret  ore;  then  they  come  down  the  hill  75 
feet  and  run  an  adit  across  the  vein  50  feet, 
which  is  made  up  of  hard  white  quartz  and 
ledge  matter  carrying  from  3  to  15  per  cent 
Bulphurets,  and  assays  as  it  cornea  out  of  the 
vein  from  $10  to  $50  per  ton  in  gold.  The  best 
streak  is  on  the  hanging  side,  and  ia  about  10 
feet  thick;  there  is  a  drift  run  east  and  west  on 
this  streak  about  100  feet  each  way,  and  at  the 
face  of  the  west  drift  there  is  a  raise  put  up  to 
the  surface,  which  shows  some  high-grade  ore 
and  a  well-defined  wall  throughout. 

The  next  adit  or  tunnel  ia  ISO  feet  lower 
down  the  hill  and  runs  through  about  75  feet 
of  surface  and  syenite  before  coming  to  the 
vein;  then  they  drove  a  short  drift  west,  which 
shows  the  ore  to  have  the  same  true  course  and 
pitch  as  in  the  level  above;  but  the  good  quartz 
ia  divided  into  smaller  seams.  From  the  nang- 
ing-wall  to  the  present  face  of  the  tuunel,  which 
is  driven  directly  at  right  angles  with  the 
course  of  the  vein,  it  ia  just  200  feet,  the 
whole  mass  of  whioh  ia  a  highly  mineralized 
vein  matter  that  will  average  about  three  per 
cent  anlphurets.  There  are  alao  five  or  six 
seams  of  clean  quartz  and  iron  at  intervals 
along  the  tunnel,  that  vary  from  a  few  inches 
up  to  4^  feet  in  thickness,  and  assay  from  $10 
to  $200  per  ton.  The  smallest  assay  taken 
from  drill-holes  a  few  feet  apart  along  the  side 
of  this  tunnel  gave  $4  per  ton,  and  the  face 
assays  $10.  I  think  the  whole  business  would 
average  $6,  and  it  is  safe  to  say  that  there  is 
hOOjOOO  tons  in  eight,  although  it  is  not  actually 
blocked  out  by  drifts  and  crosscuts.     The  fact 


that  there  is  a  short  tunnel  run  into  it  300  feet 
east  of  this  one,  and  a  deep  gulch  400  feet  west 
of  here,  which  cuts  the  lead  and  exposes 
a  big  bluff  of  it  to  view,  suggests  a  vast  deal 
more. 

There  is  alao  a  mine  2000  feet  farther  west  on 
this  contact  developed  to  a  depth  of  800  feet. 
The  present  owners  of  the  Grunter  have  taken 
out  about  $30,000,  all  of  which  came  from  above 
the  75foot  level,  and  made  a  very  slight  im- 
pression compared  to  what  is  left  in  sight  up 
there.  They  worked  the  ore  in  an  old-fashioned 
five-stamp  mill,  whioh  is  about  worn  out,  and 
they  are  not  able  to  build  a  new  one  suitable  to 
handle  this  kind  of  a  mine,  consequently  want 
to  sell.  It  is  a  good  proposition  for  a  company 
with  plenty  of  capital  to  work  on  a  big  scale. 
By  stripping  off  the  hangina-wall,  which  is  very 
shallow  for  a  good  way  below  the  croppinga,  it 
could  be  worked  on  the  open-quarry  system  for 
a  long  while  with  a  big  mill.  There  is  abun- 
dance of  water-power  and  timber  of  all  descrip- 
tions close  at  hand.  The  only  setback  to  the 
property  is  its  present  isolation  from  a  railroad 
point,  which  is  110  miles  distant,  and  freight 
rates  are  high;  but  there  is  strong  talk  of  a  rail- 
road coming  within  20  miles  of  here  to  tap  a 
big  timber  region,  in  whioh  event  this  mine 
will  stand  a  good  show  to  come  into  market 
and  make  one  of  the  biggest  gold-producers  in 
the  Rooky  mountains.  K.  Bell. 

Shoup,  Idaho. 


Rains  of  Fish  and  Reptiles. 

"During  the  storn]  Thursday  of  last  week  a  strange 
phenonnenon  occurred  in  the  vicinity  of  Blanco  in 
this  county,  it  being  nothing;  less  than  the  fall  of  a 
shower  of  fish.  The  fact  of  fish  falling  from  the 
clouds  is  not  an  unheard-of  occurrence,  but  fish 
such  as  fell  at  Blanco  we  never  heard  of  before. 
They  were  of  a  bright  silvery  color,  about  two  inches 
in  length,  and  instead  of  fins  they  had  sharp  spines 
about  one-fourth  of  an  inch  long  where  the  pectoral 
and  dorsal  fins  should  be.  Our  informant,  Mr.  W. 
H.  Crowe,  has  preserved  a  couple  of  them  as  spec- 
imens of  great  curiosity,  as  they  are  unlike  any  fish 
he  has  ever  seen  or  read  of." — Salinas  Journal. 

Editors  Press: — Let  me  add  to  the  above  a 
little  from  my  own  observation.  In  the  State 
of  Nevada,  in  Lander  county  of  that  State,  in 
the  early  summer  of  1S66,  I  drove  a  two-horse 
team  to  wagon  toward  the  town  of  Austin 
from  my  then  horse-ranoh  that  was  70  miles 
east  of  Austin,  and  to  shorten  the  journey,  and 
as  I  had  no  load  on  the  wagon,  I  followed  the 
old  military  road,  made  by  Col.  Simpson  im- 
mediately after  the  "Mormon  War"  of  1857, 
whioh  led  me  over  the  high  summit  of  Dry  Greek 
mountain  down  to  and  across  the  head  of 
Smoky  Valley.  I  was  going  westward,  and  at 
the  west  fiank  of  Dry  Creek  mountain  there 
was  a  heavy  body  of  Finyon  pine  trees  where 
charcoals  were  extenaively  burned  for  roasting 
silver  ores  in  Austin.  As  I  drove  out  of 
Smoky  Valley,  I  mounted  the  low,  wide, 
gently-sloping  foot-hill  of  the  Toyiabe 
mountain,  which  Is  thinly  clad  with  small 
Finyon  and  Juniper  trees,  and  there  in 
the  wagon-road,  through  the  trees,  I  overtook 
two  long  ox-teams,  drawing  two  wagons,  each 
piled  high  with  sacks  of  charcoal,  driving  in 
procession,  and  as  I  waa  in  no  desperate  hurry 
and  could  not  very  well  drive  past,  I  brought 
up  the  rear  of  the  procession.  As  we  slowly, 
very  slowly,  crept  forward,  I  observed  that 
away  toward  the  top  of  Toyiabe  there  were 
dark,  cloudy  signs  of  elemental  disturbance, 
albeit  down  where  we  were  the  earth  was  dry 
as  the  dust  of  E^^ypt,  and  the  sun  painted  shad- 
ows on  the  desert.  There  came  a  swish  of  cool, 
almost  cold,  wind  through  the  trees,  and  im- 
mediately after  that  I  heard  the  forward 
teamster  shout,  in  the  true  Missouri  accent: 

•'  Whoa— back  I " 

That  had  an  effect  that  stopped  the  proces- 
sion and  caused  the  rear  teamster  to  ask: 

"  What  the 's  the  matter  ?  " 

"  Jiat  come  yere  and  I'll  show  ye."  And  the 
Misaourian  stood  leaning  on  his  gaa-stock, 
looking  at  the  ground,  and  cursing  in  about 
seven  different  styles  of  profanity. 

When  the  other  driver  and  myself  stood  be- 
side him,  the  three  of  us  beheld  a  sight.  The 
dry  desert  earth  for  some  rods  of  area  was  lit- 
erally covered  with  toads.  If  we  had  been  in  a 
toad  territory  it  would  not  have  been  so  aston- 
ishing; but,  though  I  lived  and  moved  and  had 
my  being  in  that  section  of  country  for  several 
years,  I  never  saw  any  toads  there  but  those 
rained  toads,  except  the  born  toad,  which  ia  no 
toad  at  all.  These  storm  toads  were  the  regu- 
lar old-fashioned  "hoptode"  of  our  boyhood; 
and  these  were  of  assorted  sizes  from  one-halt 
inch  to  an  inch  and  a  half  long  and  '*  built  in 
proportion." 

"  Where  did  they  come  from?"  Go  "ask 
the  wing-ed,  winds  that  round  my  pathway 
roar." 

What  became  of  them  ?  They  hopped  about 
homeless  and  died — dried  np  and  blew  away 
like  the  leaves  of  autumn. 

However,  as  I  drove  along  same  road  on  my 
return  two  days  later,  I  found  a  county  con- 
vention of  owla  in  session  among  the  Finyon 
Piooa.  J.  W.  Gally. 

Wat-ionville. 


The  Stewart  Mining  Bill. 

Editors  Fress:— I  have  been  taking  the 
views  of  all  the  miners  in  this  district  on  the 
Stewart  mining  bill,  and  I  have  to  find  the  first 
indorser.  It  is  generally  claimed  that  the 
laws  are  good  enough  and  thoroughly  under- 
stood; that  the  legal  points  have   been  settled 


by  the  courts  at  great  expense,  and  a  new  law 
such  as  proposed  would  open  np  a  new  field  for 
litigation  at  the  expense  of  miners. 

The  feature  of  prohibiting  a  person  forever 
from  relocating  a  claim  once  abandoned  is  much 
deprecated,  ,  but  the  one  forbidding  a  person 
from  locating  more  than  one  claim  on  the  same 
vein  ia  the  most  absurd  of  all.  We  all  sincere- 
ly hope  that  the  bill  may  not  become  a 
law.  Chas.  J.  Barclay, 

Oibbonville,  Idaho, 


Traction  Engines. 

Editors  Fress: — Mr.  W.  C.  Stevens  of  Chloo 
seems  to  have  made  more  thorough  inquiry  re- 
garding traction  engines  than  any  other  man  I 
have  met.  Like  most  other  farmers,  he  is  satis- 
fied that  the  problem  is  solved  and  horses  must 
go,  but  that  the  particular  method  of  applying 
steam  to  the  work  is  yet  a  matter  of  some  ex- 
periment. He  commissioned  his  brother,  0. 
Stevens,  of  Clear  Lake,  Iowa,  to  visit  all  lead- 
ing fairs  last  fall.  This  gentleman  is  a  thor- 
ough, practical  engineer  and  was  very  careful  in 
his  investigations,  as  his  business  letters  and  the 
18  catalogues  sent  clearly  show.  W.  C.  Stevens 
himself  personally  visited  all  outfits  of  the  kind 
in  operation  anywhere  near  Chico.  0.  Stevens 
reported  that  there  were  many  good  engines 
shown,  but  most  were  designed  to  propel  them- 
selves and  threshing  outfit  and  only  very  few 
had  attempted  steam  plowing.  He  was  par- 
ticularly pleased  with  the  plowing  outfit  of  the 
Peerleaa,  made  by  the  Geiaer  Manufacturing 
Company.  There  seemed  to  be  a  question 
about  stopping  the  engine  to  prevent  wrecking 
plows  where  stones  or  stumps  were  struck. 
He  saw  them  run  the  engine  on  top  of  a  4x4 
scantling  and  stop  there.  They  are  made  to 
turn  very  short  corners.  The  letter  did  not 
deal  with  the  materials  and  workmanship  of 
the  different  engines  so  thoroughly  as  we  should 
have  wished.  Darability  in  design  and  con- 
struction are  the  important  points  for  Califor- 
nia farmers.  Thia  is  no  gingerbread  country 
for  farm  machinery.  A  machine  may  look 
pretty  in  its  holiday  paint  and  varnish  and 
work  smoothly  on  exhibition.  When  you  oome 
to  plow  adobe  summer-fallow  in  April  and  May, 
or  drive  a  harvester  through  grain  that  wiU 
yield  20  sacks  per  acre,  you  don't  want  a 
machine  liable  to  break  in  any  part,  and  espe- 
cially If  that  part  is  some  little  casting  that 
you  must  send  away  off  for  and  possibly  get 
one  that  doesn't  fit  when  it  comes.  You  don't 
want  an  inspirator  that  the  very  elect  cannot 
understand  and  that  ia  liable  to  leave  yon  a 
dry  crown  sheet  when  busy  attending  some 
other  part  of  the  work  and  thinking  your  in- 
spirator was  all  right.  You  don't  want  to  stop 
at  the  top  of  every  little  knoll  to  pump  your 
boiler  full  of  water,  or  else  run  the  risk  of 
water  all  running  to  the  front  of  the  boiler, 
leaving  crown  sheet  dry  and  causing  an  explo- 
sion when  you  strike  level  ground  again.  Yon 
want  to  put  just  as  little  strain  on  your  drive- 
wheels  as  possible.  It  must  be  enormous 
at  best,  especially  where  you  are  sometimes 
called  upon  to  throw  nearly  all  the  weight  of 
engine,  boiler  and  water  tank  on  one  wheel 
Your  bed  wants  to  be  rigid  and  your  boiler 
tubes  oannot  be  any  too  strongly  fastened  if 
the  engine  is  to  run  night  and  day  over  all 
aorta  of  rough  ground  for  15  or  20  yeara, 

Medium-Sized  Engines. 

It  becomes  a  serious  question  whether  our 
makers  have  not  started  out  to  build  too  large 
machinery  at  first.  Is  it  not  a  fair  way  of 
looking  at  it  to  aay  that  the  machine  ahonld  be 
adapted  to  the  work,  when  you  have  thou- 
sanda  of  acres  of  practically  level  land,  gener- 
ally so  hard  that  a  loaded  wagon  will  scarcely 
make  a  track,  no  matter  how  large  your  engine? 
Take  the  average  farm,  some  knolls,  some 
slougba,  oonaiderable  turning,  land  sometimes 
soft  in  places,  now  and  then  a  tree,  stone  or 
stump.  It  seems  to  these  gentlemen  as  though 
a  16  B.  F,  was  large  enough  for  common  use. 
Be  satibfied  with  six  14  inch  plows.  Drive  at 
2^  miles  per  hour  and  vou  get  a  fraction  over 
two  acres  every  hour.  Fat  on  your  headligots 
and  double  crew  and  you  are  getting  in  the  24 
hours  about  as  much  work  as  you  used  to  get 
from  a  hundred  horsea,  and  you  stop  feeding  as 
soon  as  you  stop  plowing.  When  you  come  to 
harvest,  no  matter  if  you  cannot  drive  more 
than  a  12  or  14*foot  harvester  and  sometimes 
have  to  take  a  little  narrower  swath  where 
grain  is  very  heavy,  you  can  keep  on  at  night 
until  the  grain  gets  too  damp  and  make  a  good 
showing  if  only  you  have  a  machine  that  doesn't 
break  down.  These  big  machines  make  a  great 
show  on  paper.  We  want  the  machine  that 
will  make  the  best  ehowing  in  ten  years'  work 
in  the  field.  Some  have  boilers  too  small  and 
will  run  very  well  for  200  to  300  yards  and  then 
stop  for  breath  just  as  the  mules  do  on  hot 
days. 

Engines  for  Orchards. 

Some  two  years  since,  a  friend  suggested  an 
engine  for  cultivating  a  large  orchard.  It 
seemed  visionary  at  first.  Suppose  the  orchard 
has  200  acres  or  more  and  ia  practically  level. 
Why  not  ?  If  you  are  to  keep  np  with  the 
times,  you  must  go  over  it  once  or  twice  a 
month  from  six  to  eight  montha.  Leave  a  turn 
row  at  the  end,  and  there  ia  no  question  but 
that  you  can  get  around.  Your  engine  will 
never  bite  a  tree;  your  whifflatrees  will  never 
bark  one.  If  an  engine  costs  less  than  half 
what  the  horses  oost  to  pull  a  plow  in  a  wheat- 
field;  if  the  fuel  coats  leas  than  half  the  feed;  if 


it  takes  two  men  instead   of  six   to  plow  six 
furrows,  then  why  not  an  engine  in  an  orohard? 

Suggestions  for  Makers. 

When  you  come  to  cultivating  your  trees,  re- 
inember  that  the  spring  tooth  ia  a  anccess  and 
that  the  Gale  aeeder  has  a  good  frame  foroarry- 
ing  them.  If  you  want  to  stir  the  ground  on 
the  Hatch  system,  the  tooth  mnst  be  made 
heavier,  and  it  needs  an  extra  point  anyway, 
made  of  harder  steel.  Fix  the  lower  end  of 
your  tooth  to  fasten  it  on  so  that  your  points 
can  be  renewed  when  worn.  If  you  are  stirring, 
the  ground  away  down  and  don't  want  to  draw 
that  two-inch  surface  against  the  dirt,  take  a 
half  tarn  in  your  tooth  before  it  is  tempered 
above  where  it  enters  the  soil,  and  another  at 
the  lower  end  to  make  a  seat  for  your  point. 
If  you  want  to  turn  weeds  under  when  they  are 
little,  make  a  reversible  mold-board  to  go  on 
your  tooth  large  enough  to  turn  a  3x6-inch 
furrow.  Your  spring  will  relieve  it  from  any 
danger  of  breaking,  no  matter  what  yon  strike. 

If  you  want  to  use  the  same  thing  as  a  seed- 
er, you  have  the  prettiest  kind  of  a  device  for 
covering  grain  in  these  little  plows.  Yon  can 
do  a  row  of  trees  at  a  time  with  such  a  tool 
and  your  16  H.  P.  engine,  even  when  yon  are 
stirring  that  very  loose  dirt  late  in  the  season 
12  inches  below  the  surface  to  keep  np  the 
moisture,  and  shame  the  irrigators. 

The  Ohlco  Engine. 

Mr.  M.  L.  Mery  of  this  place  is  building  ani 
engine  with  which  he  has  been  drawing,  on 
trial,  three  12-inoh  Peerless  ganga,  plowing  12 
furrows  at  once.  He  found  the  boiler  too 
small,  and  ia  now  reducing  the  speed  to  2^ 
miles  per  hour  by  uaing  a  smaller  pinion.  Ha 
has  several  very  valualole  features  In  hisdesign.- 
He  drives  his  traction-wheels  from  the  rim, 
thus  relieving  axles  and  spokes  of  great  strain 
that  they  must  bear  in  the  ordinary  way  of 
gearing.  He  also  drives  the  guide-wheel  in 
front,  giving  him  greater  power  of  traction  and 
making  his  engine  easier  to  turn.  He  can  turn 
his  machine,  whioh  is  20  feet  long,  in  a  24  foot 
circle,  and  oan  go  over  the  railroad  track  so 
carefully  that  you  hardly  notice  a  jar. 

Farmers  should  do  all  they  can  to  encourage 
and  foster  home  induatry,  tbua  building  np  a 
home  market,  and  consider  the  darability  of 
the  machine  and  convenience  in  gettinc;  repaira 
as  well  aa  first  cost.  F.  S.  Chapin,. 


Prolessors  and  Mines. 

Of  all  ancient  and  honorable  titles,  thia  one 
of  professor  has  certainly  fallen  into  the  hard- 
est lines.  Webster  lines  the  definition — First, 
one  who  makes  a  public  profeasion,  especially 
of  religion — and  second,  one  who  professes  pub- 
licly to  teach,  especially  an  officer  in  a  college 
or  university,  whose  duty  it  is  to  instruct  or 
read  lecturea.  Abroad  it  ia  restricted  to  its 
proper  use.  In  the  whole  of  England  there 
are  not  more  than  30  men  known  as  "pro- 
fesaor."  In  the  United  States  about  3,000,000, 
from  the  college  don  up  to  the  corn  doctor. 
From  the  village  sohoolteacher,  who  boards 
around,  gives  instruction  through  the  whole 
range  of  learning  for  $25  a  month,  down  to 
professor  of  mathematics,  who  gets  $2000  & 
year  for  teaohiog  transcendental  physics  only, 
all  wear  proudly  the  grand  old  title,  but  it  is^ 
in  mining  sections  the  profeesor  fiouriahes  to 
perfection.  Talk  about  colonel  in  the  South;. 
why,  in  a  mining  section,  professors  are  thicker 
than  flies  around  the  bnnghole  of  an  empty 
beer  barrel  in  summer-time,  "Professors " 
have  been  the  curse  of  the  Black  Hills,  Every 
fraud  ever  fioated  here  has  been  booked  by  a 
**  profeaaor,"  their  namea  would  fill  a  column, 
and  in  almoat  every  case  the  title  was  self- 
conferred,  scarcely  one  having  been  entitled  to 
it  by  any  rule,  custom  or  precedent,  "Pro- 
fessor "  and  fraud  have  almost  become  synon- 
ymouB  terms — so  much  so  that  you  can  safely 
bet  that  any  man  coming  into  a  mining  secMou 
dubbed  professor  will  bear  watching.  The 
Pioneer  gives  the  advice  to  all  reputable  min- 
ing men  who  value  reputation  to  "shoot  "  the 
"professor." — Black  Billa  Pioneer. 


The  Charleston. — Commodore  anH  Acting; 
Rear-Admiral  George  Brown  of  the  North  Pa- 
cific Squadron  has  announced  his  intention  of: 
briDgioe  the  cruiaer  Charleston  from  Mare^ 
Island  Navy-yard,  as  soon  as  she  has  completed 
her  fitting  and  taking  of  stores,  to  the  lower 
bay  and  anchoring  her  in  the  stream  at  some 
point  easily  accessible  from  the  water  front,  in 
order  that  the  people  of  San  Francisco  may 
have  an  opportunity  of  inspecting  the  first  Pa- 
cific Coast  built  man-of-war  before  she  goes  to 
sea  upon  her  first  voyage.  The  first  date  of 
her  appearance  in  the  harbor  is,  it  is  under- 
stood, March  let,  and  aa  ahe  will  not  put  to 
sea  until  April  lat  the  citizena  of  this  city  and 
vicinity  will  have  one  full  month  during  which 
to  viait  and  inspect  the  new  cruiser,  which,  as 
the  first  warship  ever  built  upon  thia  coast, 
should  be  an  object  of  interest  to  every  one 
having  Faoifio  Coast  interests  and  industries  at 
heart.  While  In  the  harbor  a  daily  detail  of 
officers  will  be  made  whose  duty  it  will  be  to 
explain  to  visitors  all  matters  appertaining  to 
the  working  of  the  veesel  and  her  batteries. 


The  town  of  Burke,  Idaho,  in  Cceur  d'Alene 
district,  had  a  snowslide  last  week,  when  three 
men  were  killed.  The  Caster  mine,  on  Nine 
Mile  creek,  had  a  snowslide  at  its  boarding- 
house,  where  six  miners  were  killed.  Other  ava- 
lanches have  occurred  in  the  same  region. 


Feb.  16,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


Ill 


Not  All  Fancy. 

Withoat  loy  Tioleot  atretob  of  faooy,  we 
may  anticipite  that  the  old  proverb  tbeit  every 
oload.  however  dark,  has  a  silver  liolng  will 
find  an  exempUGoakioD  in  the  coming  aeason. 
We  are  just  emerging  from  a  long,  dreary  epell 
of  bad  weather — an  unuHnal  downpour  of  rain 
and  snow  that  has  greatly  deranged  travel  and 
transportation  and  inundated  the  ranches  and 
lowlands  in  the  Immediate  vicinity  of  rivera. 
Basiness  In  the  towns  and  cities  has  been  largely 
depressed,  and  crowds  of  Idle  men  thronged  the 
street  and  every  niche  and  corner  where  they 
could  Bod  warmth  and  shelter.  So  great  has 
been  the  distress  that  the  poor  have  suffered  for 
fire,  food  and  other  necessities,  and  free  lunches 
and  free  lodging-houaes  have  been  temporarily 
established  for  the  ansiHtance  of  those  who  wore 
willing  to  work  but  could  find  nothing  to  do. 

And  yet  we  may  assume  that  this  loog  stress 
of  bad  weather  will  not  turn  oat  to  be  an  on* 
mixed  evil,  for,  while  it  has  qnickened  the  ha- 
manity  of  the  well-to*do  people,  it  may  also  be 
regarded  as  the  harbinger  of  a  most  prosperous 
year.  In  spits  of  mud  and  rain  and  the  sneez- 
ing of  la  grippe,  it  means  a  mine  of  wealth 
for  every  section  of  the  State,  the  contribution 
of  all  that  goes  toward  making  a  thrifty  com- 
munity and  happy  people.  It  moans  that  the 
mints  will  be  filled  with  the  gold  and  silver 
prodnots  of  the  hills  and  mountains  and  the 
hage  warehoQBes  with  hundreds  of  thousands 
of  tons  of  grain.  It  means  a  general  activity  of 
men  and  horses,  barges,  steamboats,  foreign 
ships  and  miles  of  freight  cars,  and  bright,  busy 
and  joyful  energy  everywhere. 

There  is  really  no  good  oause  for  moody  com- 
plaint or  gloomy  forebodings.  The  parched 
soil,  especially  In  some  of  the  more  arid  val- 
leys, needed  a  thorough  soaking,  and  the 
springs  and  wells  that  had  well-nigb  failed 
will  abound  and  flow  with  an  abundant  water- 
supply.  The  whole  State  will  exult  in  the  re- 
freshing baptism,  the  deserts  blossom  aa  the 
rose,  the  hills  and  mountains  leap  with  glad- 
ness, and  the  orchards  and  fields,  vines  and 
young  trees  clap  their  hands  with  joy.  Plow- 
ing and  pruning  for  a  few  weeks  may  ba  re- 
tarded, but  in  a  climate  where  the  season  for 
labor  is  so  lon^  and  reliable,  a  few  weeks'  de- 
lay need  cause  no  alarm. 

In  short,  while  there  is  no  need  of  disguis- 
ing the  fact  that  there  has  been  a  considerable 
loss  of  property,  the  wheat  crops  in  some 
plaoea  destroyed,  a  few  orchards  badly  dam- 
aged, the  aggregate  result  of  the  immense  rain- 
fall means  a  year  of  splendid  results.  The 
money  obannels  will  be  flush,  and  men  who  are 
in  debt  will  be  able  to  pay  and  feel  free  of  that 
Qgly  incubus.  They  will  be  able  to  improve 
their  farms  and  homes,  and  in  variona  ways 
carry  oat  the  plana  they  have  long  entertained 
for  the  pleasure  and  oomfort  of  those  they  love. 
The  Goantry  homes  will  be  made  more  cheerful 
with  vines  and  shrubbery  and  rare  exotics ; 
with  books,  music  and  pictures,  and  all  that 
pleases  the  eye  or  regales  the  taste.  Even 
fenoes,  highways  and  bridges  will  feel  the  im- 
petjis  of  the  good  times,  and  the  land  be  blessed 
with  better  schoolhouBes,  churches,  and  other 
public  edifices. 

In  the  cities,  the  great  distributing  oenters 
of  the  State,  labor  will  be  more  likely  to  find 
employment,  and  employers  will  feel  more 
hopeful  and  generous.  Poverty  will  in  some 
measure  lose  its  most  powerful  and  mortifyiog 
ating,  and  as  a  result  we  may  hope  that  the 
oalendar  of  the  criminal  court  will  be  less 
orowded.  With  the  stir  of  the  expectant  and 
enlivening  times,  those  who  have  the  charge  of 
the  health,  comfort  and  sanitation  of  the  vari- 
ous towns  and  cities  will  be  encouraged  to  go 
ahead  with  their  plana  of  improvement,  perfect 
aeworage,  more  permanent  and  cleaner  streets 
and  all  other  things  that  make  for  the  general 
good. 

Now  we  feel  sure  that  this  picture  is  not  all 
fancy;  is  really  but  a  faint  outline  of  the  joyous 
prosperity  and  happinesB  that  will  soon  burst 
npon  us,  whatever  a  morbid  and  grumbling  peasl 
mist  may  say  to  the  contrary.  And  surely  no 
one  can  deny  that  if  all  the  blessings  enumerat- 
ed above  should  take  place,  the  State,  with  all 
its  charms,  would  be  a  more  inviting  abiding- 
place,  and  health  and  morals  greatly  benefited. 
The  advent  of  active  business  will  be  npon  us 
in  a  few  weeks,  and  we  may  just  as  well  antici- 
pate it  by  a  general  cleaning  up.  In  the  city 
muoh  may  be  done  for  imperfect  sewerage,  bad 
sidewalks,  dirty  streets  and  spote  of  filth;  and 
in  the  conntry,  aside  from  the  work  of  the 
aoytbe  and  pruning  knife,  fences  and  gates 
may  be  repaired,  yards  and  gardens  put  in  or- 
der, houees  painted,  the  walks  adorned  with 
flowers  of  all  hues,  the  windows  and  porohee 
mantled  in  sweet  vines,  and  the  whole  country 
made  a  picture  of  beauty  and  a  psalm  of  praise. 

And  while  we  write  thus  under  the  witching 
influence  of  the  welcome  sunshine  which  baa 
been  so  long  withheld,  we  are  not  at  all  un- 
mindful of  the  serious  individual  losses  which 
have  been  visited  upon  many  of  our  oitizena. 
We  do  not  forget  that  some  of  them  have  been 
driven  from  their  homes  by  the  high  water 
which  has  destroyed  their  levees,  drowned  their 
cattle,  and  in  many  oases  wrought  serious  in- 
jury to  their  buildings  and  fences.  Nor  do"  we 
forget  that  many  a  pretty  piece  of  hillside,  or- 
chard or  vineyard  has  been  gullied  or  nlougbed 
off  by  the  unwonted  precipitation.  Local  in- 
juries have  been  done  which  it  may  take  years 
to  repair,  and  in  some  cases  the  harden  of  tax- 


ation will  be  raised  to  reatore  public  improve- 
menta.  And  yet  on  the  whole  the  generous 
water  supply  will  be  a  blessing,  as  we  have  in- 
timated, and  we  trust  that  in  the  wise  distribu- 
tion of  good  things,  a  kind  Providenoe  may 
grant  a  double  share  of  prosperity  to  those  who 
have  suffered  most. 


Montana  and  Michigan  Copper. 

A  correspondent  of  the  Portage  Oity  OautU 
says:  "The  Lake  Superior  mines  prodnoed  in 
1889  just  aboat  the  amount  of  copper  they  did 
in  188S.  Can  they  increase  their  output  very 
materially  in  1800?  The  Tamarack  expects  to 
be  producing  before  the  end  of  the  year  at 
nearly  double  the  present  rate.  The  Oaoeola 
expects  to  get  out  more.  There  may  be  one  or 
two  mines  which  will  get  out  less.  I  do  not 
think  of  any  more  from  which  an  increased  out- 
put is  at  all  certain.  Some  of  the  Calumet's 
competitors  say  that  that  great  company  cannot 
mateKally  increase  its  output  for  some  three  or 
four  months  yet. 

"  Acd  as  to  new  producers  at  the  lake,  there 
is  little  to  fear.  I  hear  that  the  AUouez  cannot 
make  muoh  copper  inside  of  four  months. 

**  Looking  to  other  oopper-producing  sec- 
tions, Arizona  maintained  in  1889  the  produc- 
tion of  1888,  an  amount  hitherto  unprecedent- 
ed. New  Mexico  can  produce  more  this  year 
than  last.  All  other  sonrces  outside  of  Mon- 
tana are  not  important.  In  Montana  the  in- 
creased production  of  1889,  as  oomoared  with 
ISSS,  was  over  7,000,000  pounds.  But  even  in 
Montana,  the  old  producers — the  Anaconda  and 
the  Parrot — produced  leas  than  in  1888.  The 
Boston  &  Montana  produced  over  8,000,000 
pounds  more  than  in  1888.  It  will  produce 
even  more  in  1890.  The  Anaconda  produced 
61.647,000  pounds  in  1889. 

**0n  the  whole,  it  may  be  a  conservative  es- 
timate to  allow  that,  normally,  with  copper  at 
14^  to  15  cents,  production  in  this  country 
would  increase  ten  per  cent.  Outside  of  the 
Anaconria,  that  would  mean  a  total  production 
of  192,500,000  pounda,  or  197.500,000  pounds 
inoloding  imported  ores.  Add  65,000,000 
pounds  in  stock  on  January  1st,  and  we  have  a 
total  sQoply  for  1890,  outside  of  the  Anaoonda, 
of  262,500,000  pounda.  As  notwithstanding 
the  superior  market  in  this  conntry,  exports  in 
1889  have  been  82,000,000  pounda,  and  larger 
than  in  1888,  we  may  safely  allow  for  equally 
large  exports  in  1890.  These  exports  reduce 
the  total  supply  for  home  needs  in  1890  to  180.- 
500,000  pounds.  Now,  consumption  in  1889 
was  169,600,000  pounds.  It  seems  to  be  larger 
now  than  ever.  How  much  larger  now  than  in 
1889  it  is  impossible  to  say.  If  it  is  only  ten 
per  cent  greater,  the  consumption  in  1890  will 
entirely  eat  up  the  amount  left  to  meet  the  de- 
mand, always  remembering  that  no  allowance 
has  been  made  for  the  Anaoonda.  From  these 
rough  calculations  the  importance  of  the  Ana- 
conda fire  becomes  apparent,  and  until  the 
fire  is  out  and  the  mine  again  producing,  the 
copper  market  will  perforce  remain  buoyant," 

The  Late  Chester  S.  Lyman.— On  the  29th 
ult.,  Prof.  Lyman  died  at  New  Haven,  Oonn., 
where  he  had  been  for  many  years  Professor  of 
Industrial  Mechanics  and  Pnyics,  and  then 
PfofesBor  of  Astronomy  and  Physics  at  the 
SheflBeld  Scientific  School  of  Yale  University. 
Prof.  Lyman  was  in  California  as  early  as  July, 
1848,  and  was  one  of  the  first  to  visit  Sutter's 
milt,  where  he  wrote  an  account  of  the  discov- 
ery of  gold  for  the  American  Journal  of  Sci- 
ence, In  1850  he  went  back  East,  taking  with 
bim  many  nuggets  of  gold,  one  of  which  weighed 
two  pounds.  He  returned  here  in  1854,  and 
remained  until  1857,  going  hence  to  tbe  Shef- 
field Scientific  School,  In  1871  he  constructed 
an  apparatus  for  describing  acoustic  curves, 
also  making  improvements  in  olook  escape- 
ments, compensating  pendulums  nnd  other  ap- 
paratus. Prof.  Lyman  was  the  first  to  ob- 
aerve  the  planet  Venus  as  a  delicate  lumi- 
nous ring  when  seen  in  close  proximity  to 
the  sun  near  inferior  conjunction.  Prof.  Ly- 
man retained  the  professorship  of  astronomy 
and  physios  up  to  the  time  of  hie  death,  al- 
though long  disabled  from  performing  its 
duties. 


Electrical  Society. — Oa  the  3d  hist, 
a  meeting  ot  the  California  Electrical  Society 
WJks  held,  at  which  the  foUowiog  officers  were 
elected:  Prpsident,  N.  S.  Keith;  vice-preai- 
dent,  Orion  Brooks;  secretary,  W.  W.  Wright; 
treasurer,  W.  H.  Hanscom;  Executive  Commit- 
tee—A. W.  Smith.  E.  A.  Roe,  H.  T,  Bestor. 
The  following  were  elected  honorary  members: 
A.  G.  Davis  of  Baltimore,  Geo.  H.  Pride  of 
New  York,  P.  B.  Cornwall,  L.  L.  Baker  and 
Alviuza  Hayward.  It  was  decided  to  remit 
the  dues  for  December  and  January,  aa  no 
meetings  were  held  in  those  months. 


Copper  in  the  United  States. — The  total 
production  of  copper  in  the  United  Staten  in 
1889  was  241,830,000  pounds,  includinc  236,- 
730,000  pounds  from  domestic  ores  and  51,000,- 
000  pounds  from  imported  ores.  The  total  pro- 
duction in  1888  was  232,853,456  pounds.  The 
stock  on  hand  December  31.  1889,  was  65,000,- 
000  pounds,  against  75,000.000  pounds  on  the 
same  date  in  1888.  Tbe  Anaconda  mine,  with 
61,647,000  pounda,  was  the  largest  producer  of 
copper  in  1889.  Next  came  the  Calumet  and 
Heola,  with  48,640,029  pounds. 


Making  Good  Citizens. 

The  annual  report  of  Ira  G.  Hoitt,  State 
Superintendent  of  Public  Instmotion,  for  the 
year  1889  sbowa  that  there  has  been  expended 
in  thia  State  about  15  per  oent  more  for  all  pur- 
poses in  oonduoting  the  public  sohools  than  dur* 
ing  the  preceding  year.  For  thia  increased  ex- 
penditure the  State  baa  to  show  21S  new 
schoolhousea,  erected  during  the  year,  and  a 
daily  average  attendance  of  11,500  more  pupils 
than  during  the  former  year.  The  report  fur- 
ther shows  an  increase  of  two  per  oent  in  the 
number  of  teaobers  who  have  been  trained  for 
the  profession  in  normal  achoola.  On  this 
showing,  Superintendent  Hoitt  may  congratu- 
late the  people  of  the  State  on  receiving  so 
large  an  equivalent  for  the  ntoney  expended  in 
tbe  maintenaaoe  of  the  public  schools. 

Now  we  may  well  ask,  why  should  tbe  State 
go  to  all  this  trouble  and  expense  ?  Surely  not 
as  an  act  of  charity.  Were  this  the  inspiring 
motive  it  would  be  difficult  to  know  where  to 
draw  the  lines  of  Umitatiou  to  its  benevolence. 
Why  not  establish  clothing  stores,  soup  kitch- 
ens or  free  restaurants  in  the  immediate  vicin- 
ity of  the  public  schoolhouae?  Why  not  pro- 
vide bread  for  the  children,  aa  well  as  books  of 
instruction?  The  reason  should  be  obvions; 
tbe  State  assumes  the  education  of  the  chil- 
dren for  the  purpose  of  making  good  citizens 
of  them,  to  prevent  the  breeding  up  of  a  gen- 
eration of  ignorant  or  indiflFerent  voters,  in 
whose  hands  the  ballot  might  prove  a  frightful 
weapon  of  anarchy,  of  miarule,  if  not  destruction. 

What  then  may  we  consider  the  first  and  es- 
sential quality  of  a  good  citizen?  "We  want 
thinkertj,  we  want  them, "  said  Coleridge, 
speaking  of  the  religious  narrowness  and  bigot- 
ry of  his  day,  and  the  same  atinging  epigram  is 
applicable  to  citizenship  in  a  great  republic. 
We  want  voters  who  can  think  for  themselves 
and  who  cannot  be  herded  and  bell*wetbered 
to  tbe  polls;  voters  who  can  weigh  evidence, 
who  can  detect  the  fallaoiea  of  an  argument, 
who  posaesa  a  patriotic  conscience  rather  than 
a  partisan  one,  who  know  the  right  from  the 
wrong  thing  and  whose  ideas  of  justice  cannot 
be  warped  and  biased  by  party  pre j  udioe 
or  the  special  interests  of  a  guild  or  olaae. 
While  this  would  be  a  good  thing  for  any  Gov- 
ernment, it  is  absolutely  essential  to  the  wel 
fare  of  a  democracy,  where  every  man  is  a 
sovereign  to  the  extent  of  his  vote. 

For  even  majorities  may  become  despotic  and 
dangerous.  Just  aa  an  infinitude  of  separate 
fibers  may  be  twisted  into  a  hawaer  strong 
enoueh  to  hold  a  ship  or  pull  down  a  tower,  so 
a  sufficient  numbsr  of  individual  votee  may  ag- 
gregate into  a  stupendous  power  that  may 
ehake  with  the  potency  of  an  earthquake  the 
honor  and  stability  of  any  State  or  municipality 
when  stirred  by  ignorance  or  passion. 

And  ntver  before  in  the  history  of  the 
world  was  intelligence,  as  a  factor  in  political 
affairs,  more  imperative  than  now.  There  are 
men  now  living,  who,  within  the  limits  of  their 
own  memory  and  experience,  have  seen  greater 
changes  in  the  complexity  of  our  civilization, 
in  the  growth  of  wealth  and  tbe  methods  of 
production  and  exchange,  than  occurred  in  any 
500  years  before  the  present  century.  Com- 
pare the  slow  settlement  of  the  New  World,  the 
200  years  of  struggle  with  the  dense  forest  and 
the  wild  Indians,  with  the  ruab  of  enterprise, 
the  din  and  olang  of  machinery  that  came  in 
with  the  era  of  steam.  Compare  the  tardy, 
timid  commerce  of  those  early  times  creeping 
along  the  rivera  on  rafts,  in  fiatboats,  **  broad- 
horns,"  or  hugging  the  shores  of  the  sea,  with 
tbe  majestic  steamers  that  cross  the  Atlantic 
within  a  week,  and  the  locomotive,  railroad 
and  telegraph  lines  that  open  an  empire  and 
build  up  a  city  in  a  day.  Think  of  the  tre- 
mendons  mastery  that  has  been  achieved  by 
modern  genius  over  the  mighty  forces  of  Nature 
which  are  now  at  work  for  us  in  mill,  shop  and 
field.  Think  of  the  wonderful  and  perplexing 
questions  that  thia  age  has  thrust  upon  us  for 
aolution,  questiona  of  adjaatment  to  the  new 
environments;  wealth  rnnniog  into  despotic 
monopolies;  syndicates  of  trusts  that  are  swal- 
lowing up  small  enterprises,  aa  the  sea  swal- 
lows its  ripplea;  questions  of  labor,  taxation, 
tari£f,  immigration,  and  kindred  things  thrown 
to  the  surface  by  the  new  age.  We  have 
evoked  the  fabled  geni  from  his  hiding-place, 
and  it  remains  to  be  seen  whether  the  possession 
of  its  power  shall  prove  a  profitable  servant  or 
a  hideous  monster  of  cruelty  and  oppresaion. 

Now,  these  and  kindred  queations  must  be 
met  face  to  face  and  solved  by  the  men  and 
women  who  are  now  being  trained  in  our  pub- 
lic schools;  and  a  point  that  we  may  seriously 
consider  is,  whether  these  schools  are  ade- 
quately meeting  this  need  of  our  population. 
The  methods  still  largely  in  use  of  determining 
the  merita  of  teachers  and  scholars  by  book- 
questions  baa  created  the  suspiolon  they  are 
not.  No  doubt  thousands  of  young  men  and 
women  are  made  to  believe  every  year  that 
they  have  received  a  good  education,  when  real- 
ly they  are  actually  helpless  in  the  art  of  making 
a  living.  But  there  is  no  great  oanae  of  oom- 
plaint,  for  no  one  can  read  the  educational 
journals  or  listen  to  the  papers  and  discussions 
of  Teachers'  Institutes  and  fail  to  see  that  our 
leading  educators  are  fully  aware  that  the  edu- 
cational methods  of  the  past  belong  to  tbe 
past,  and  that  no  man  can  be  regarded  aa  edu- 
cated who  does  not  feel  the  atlr  and  thrill  of 
the  spirit  of  his  own  age  and  knows  how  to 
make  himaelf  at  home  in  it. 


Road  Work. 

There  are  two  seasons  when  the  rural  mind 
is  forcibly  called  to  the  subject  of  roads;  when 
he  is  mired  to  the  hubs  in  a  river  of  mud  and 
when  be  is  choked  with  dust  or  feels  hia  verte- 
biio  snap  in  obuck-holes.  Just  before  the  dust 
forma  and  juat  after  it  is  laid  by  the  early  rains, 
the  easy-going  ruralist  is  ready  to  deolare  that 
a  dirt  road  is  the  most  comfortable  road  in  the 
world. 

It  does  aeem  that  this  winter's  experiences 
would  be  enough  to  overcome  the  inertia  even 
of  the  easy-going  citizen,  and  impel  bim  to  some 
e6fort  for  better  highwaya.  California  has  some 
most  excellently  made  and  zealously  cared-for 
highways,  than  which  better  cannot  be  found 
in  any  farming  country,  but  tbe  leagues  of  abom- 
inable mud  streams  which  now  connect  our 
farms  and  villages  are  a  disgrace  to  any  pro- 
gressive commonwealth  and  a  decided  detri- 
ment to  prosperity  and  progreas. 

We  are  well  aware  that  it  ia  very  expensive 
work  to  make  good  roads  in  some  of  our  val- 
leys. There  is  no  adequate  supply  of  gravel, 
and  the  distance  to  rook  quarries  ia  very  great. 
There  are  places  where  the  only  practicable  way 
to  get  good  road  material  is  to  bring  it  in  by  train* 
load.  Of  course  when  this  is  ao  and  the  dis- 
trict ia  sparsely  settled,  it  ia  hardly  within  the 
possibilities  to  secure  a  great  length  of  good 
roadbed.  But  there  are  many  people  in  some 
of  our  moat  prosperous  valleys  owning  im- 
proved land  worth  several  hundred  dollars  an 
acre  who  can  hardly  drive  outside  their  own 
gateways  without  losing  sight  of  their  horeea' 
legs.  Such  people  haul  through  deep  dust  all 
summer  and  flounder  through  deep  mud  all 
winter,  and  apparently  make  very  little  effort 
to  escape  either  diaagreeable  and  expensive 
operation.  What  little  work  ia  done  by  the 
constituted  authorities  is  done  at  the  wrong 
time  or  in  the  wrong  place,  and  the  resident 
puts  in  a  good  part  of  his  leisure  time  in  growl- 
ing at  the  roadmaater. 

We  would  like  very  much,  now  that  the  sub- 
ject is  brought  forcibly  to  attention  by  existing 
conditions,  to  have  our  readers  occupy  part  of 
our  apace  in  a  timely  discussion  of  road-mak- 
ing. If  the  existing  system  of  road  work  and 
road  management  is  wrong  and  to  blame,  let 
us  hear  all  about  it,  and  how  to  improve  it  as 
a  branch  of  tbe  public  service.  If  it  Is  desira- 
ble to  do  away  with  existing  machinery  and 
portion  out  the  road  to  residents  individually 
or  co-operatively,  let  na  hear  what  has  been 
done  or  can  be  done  in  that  way.  This  project 
is  now  being  urged  upon  the  Boards  of  Super* 
visors  in  some  parts  of  the  State,  and  there 
should  be  aomething  worth  hearing  to  see 
about  it. 

Then,  after  systema  are  disposed  of,  let  na 
hear  how  some  of  the  notably  fine  roadways 
of  the  State  have  been  made  and  at  what  cost. 
Many  people  do  not  have  very  clear  ideaa  bow 
to  make  a  good  road,  even  if  they  have  a  good 
disposition  to  do  it;  so  let  as  have  plain  direc- 
tions from  those  who  have  succeeded  in  making 
a  good  piece  of  road  with  different  materials, 
which  were  available. 

There  oould  hardly  be  a  more  interesting  or 
profitable  snbject  for  diFcnesion,  now  that  there 
is  a  good  chance  to  see  just  what  road  is  good 
and  what  is  poor,  and  it  we  can  have  the  sug- 
gestiona  of  a  score  or  two  of  our  practical  read- 
era  just  at  this  time,  it  may  result  in  adding 
hundreds  of  miles  of  good  roads  to  our  State 
before  another  winter  oomes  along, 

"Archie"  Borland,  who  died  in  Oakland 
laet  week,  was  a  mining  man  known  all  over 
the  coast.  He  haa  been  in  California  since 
1852  and  first  worked  in  the  minea  in  Grass 
Valley,  going  also  to  the  Frazer  river  minea 
and  other  "excitements."  He  went  to  Virgin- 
ia City  in  the  early  daya  of  the  Comatock  and 
worked  as  a  miner  in  the  Gould  &  Curry  and 
as  brakeman  at  the  Savage.  He  made  consid- 
erable money  in  the  stock  market  through  tbe 
ore  diaooveriea  in  those  mines  and  in  the  Yel- 
low Jacket,  Crown  Point  and  Belcher,  and 
ceased  his  laborious  work  and  became  a  keen 
speculator.  He  waa  one  of  the  largest,  if  not 
the  largest,  outaide  holder  of  Consolidated 
Virginia  and  California  stocks  at  the  time  of 
the  discovery  of  the  great  bonanza,  and  these 
and  other  fortunate  investments  and  daring  op- 
erations enabled  him  to  amaaa  a  vast  fortune. 
Of  late  years  he  has  been  interested  in  minea 
and  cattle  ranches  with  Geo.  W.  Grayson. 


The  Bodie  Miners'  Union  elected  the  follow- 
ing officers  at  a  meeting  held  January  21at: 
President,  J.  M.  Donohue  (re-elected);  Vice- 
President,  G.  K,  Pitzpatrick;  Recording  Secre- 
tary, W.  A.  Bradshaw;  Financial  Secretary,  A, 
P.  Cameron;  Treasurer,  D.  J.  McDonald;  Con- 
ductor, Kiohard  Noonan;  Warden,  M.  Curtis. 
Finance  Committee — M.  L.  Virden,  W.  J. 
Fitzgerald  and  Sam  Tyack.  Board  of  Trustees 
— Archie  Graham,  Alex.  Brennan,  Angus  Fal- 
coner, Eugene  Fitzgerald  and  James  Glenn. 

Nicaragua  Canal. — A  letter  haa  been  re- 
ceived in  this  oity  from  General  Boschke,  Chief 
Engineer  of  the  River,  Harbor,  Canal,  Dredg- 
ing and  Land  Co.,  in  which  he  writes  that  the 
contract  for  the  eastern  half  of  the  Nicaragua 
canal  will  be  given  to  an  Eastern  company  and 
at  low  figures,  aa  the  competition  is  very  great; 
on  the  western  slope  there  are  no  competitors, 
and  that  his  company  can  have  it  at  fair  prices. 
The  contract  ia  said  to  involve  an  expenditure 
of  from  $5,000,000  to  $8,000,000. 


112 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press, 


[Feb.  15,  1890 


II]lNIJ^G   gUMMAF^Y, 

The  following  la  naoatly  coudenaed  from  Joumala  pubUahei 
In  the  Interior,  in  proximity  to  the  mines  mentioned. 


I 


CALIFORNIA. 

Amador. 

Amador  Mines  in  New  YoviK.—Ledser,  Feb. 
8:  The  most  phenomenal  advance  of  the  week 
has  been  in  Sutter  Creek,  which  rose  from  6ic  last 
Friday  to  $c.75@$2  to-day.  Those  owning  a  con- 
trolling interest  in  the  company  assert  that  they 
have  sold  enough  stock  to  raise  the  $15,000  origi- 
nally wanted  to  provide  a  lo-slamp  mill  for  the 
property,  with  water  facilities,  etc.  They  claim  to 
have  no  more  stock  to  sell  at  any  price,  and  say 
that  this  week's  advance  has  been  caused  by  legiti- 
mate inquiries  from  those  who  have  faith  in  the 
mine  coming  upon  the  market  when  no  stock  is  to 
be  had.  As  these  orders  are  as  yet  unfilled,  if 
buyers  persist,  it  is  argued  that  a  further  advance 
is  probable.  While  this  may  be  true,  an  advance 
of  over  200  per  cent,  simply  on  "expectations," 
particularly  in  a  dull  market  unmarked  by  aiy 
great  speculation  fever,  is  always  suspicious.  Prob- 
ably the  truth  of  the  matter  is,  that  it  was  decided 
that  the  stock  could  best  be  disposed  of  by  making 
it  active  and  advancing,  rather  than  by  selling  at  a 
fixed  price. 

Miscellaneous. —Most  of  the  mmes  are  still 
kept  busy  hoisting  water.  The  flow  is  decreasing, 
but  very  slowly.  The  Zeile  mill  is  running  20 
stamps.  The  Keystone  is  doing  little  else  than 
taking  out  water.  The  Cosmopolitan  mill  has  been 
running  steadily,  and  the  result  of  the  first  cleanup 
is  awaited  with  much  interest.  Work  will  be 
started  shortly  at  the  North  Gover.  The  North 
Star  Improvement  Co,  is  determined  to  prospect 
considerably  more  before  abandoning  the  enter- 
prise. They  have  paid  16  assessments  without  a 
single  share  being  advertised  as  deUnquent. 
Oalaveraa. 

Water  Skips.— j^-f.  Echo,  Feb.  8:  Mining 
men  will  do  well  to  examine  the  two  new  water  skips 
at  the  Angels  mine  in  this  town.  They  are  a  posi- 
tive and  ingenious  departure  from  present  devices, 
and  indicate  superior  utility  and  general  excellence. 
These  skips  are  made  of  steel  one-eighth  of  an  inch 
thick,  and  weigh  about  1000  pounds  each.  Their 
cubic  capacity  (each)  is  54  cubic  feet — over  one  and 
one-half  tons  of  water.  They  were  built  by  Thos. 
Fullen  and  Cyrus  Condo,  master  mechanics  at  the 
Angels  mine.  The  essential  and  distinctive  feature 
of  these  machines,  or  rather  vessels,  is  a  door  on 
one  side  and  near  the  bottom  of  the  skip.  This 
door  is  so  arranged  and  constructed  that  it  is  op- 
erated by  a  lever  attachment,  automatic  in  charac- 
ter. On  arriving  at  the  surface,  or  wherever  it  is  or- 
dered to  deliver  the  water,  the  lever,  the  end  of 
which  is  provided  with  a  small  roller,  moves  up  an 
oblique  surface,  thus  opening  the  water  door.  The 
bottom  of  the  vessel  is  fitted  with  a  14-inch  valve. 
This  discharging  of  the  water  is  done  with  less  me- 
chanical work  and  more  expeditiously  than  in  the 
present  mode  of  tipping  the  vessel. 

Improvements.— From  the  testimony  of  devel- 
opments and  from  authoritative  expressions  of  lead- 
ing mining  men  of  this  place,  the  public  mind  ad- 
mits that  this  spring  and  summer  will  witness  the 
most  important  and  prolonged  mining  campaign 
that  has  ever  attended  the  industrial  history  of  Cala- 
veras. New  and  larger  mills  will  be  built  on  the 
great  lodes  here,  and  large  forces  of  men  employed. 
The  extent  and  character  of  several  years  of  intelli- 
gent exploitation  developments  at  the  Utica,  Angels, 
Gold  Cliff  and  Tnlloch  &  Lane  mines,  have  estab- 
Mshed  positively  and  effectually  the  permanency  and 
profitable  results  of  deep  mining.  Science,  brains, 
muscle  and  some  capital  will  shortly  make  the  earth 
yield  up  its  hundreds  of  thousands.  Otto  Dolling 
has  commenced  operations  again  on  his  mine  near 
Albany  Flat.  Much  is  expected  from  this  mine,  as 
the  yield  of  a  ton  of  the  ore  at  the  Selby  Redaction 
Works  some  months  since  was  over  $230,  And 
work  since  then  and  until  the  rains  set  in  developed 
better  ore  than  that.  The  width  of  the  lode  is  not 
yet  determined.  Mining  experts  of  ability,  as  well 
as  first-class  practical  miners,  express  the  opinion 
that  the  Calaveras  mine,  situated  at  Robinson's 
Ferry,  is  destined  to  become  one  of  the  leading 
mines  of  this  county.  Work  is  progressing  on  the 
Star  of  India  mine  near  Smith's  Flat.  The  Chicago 
company  now  working  the  property  has  commenced 
developments  in  a  business-like  manner.  The 
Whittle  mine,  owned  by  Mr.  Peet,  and  located  near 
Albany  Flat,  is  being  worked  steadily  and  with  ex- 
cellent results.  Work  is  going  on  actively  at  the 
Lane  &  TuUoch  mine,  in  the  southern  part  of  this 
town.  The  mine  is  yielding  good  returns. 
Inyo, 

Borax. — Indepejident,  Feb,  7:  M,  Bush  came 
in  from  Saline  valley  last  Monday.  He  brought 
along  samples  of  borate  of  lime  from  his  borax  lo- 
cation. This  is  the  richest  form  in  which  borax  is 
found  and  Mr,  Bush  has  one  location  of  160  acres 
that  carries  that  kind  of  material,  John  Stouten- 
borough  of  Bishop,  and  John  F,  Millner  of  Benton, 
were  at  Saline  last  week,  and  they,  together  with 
Mr.  Lent,  made  some  locations  of  borax  land.  It 
is  understood  that  Mr.  Cox,  a  Boston  man,  is  an 
equal  partner  with  the  three  named  before.  These 
parties  propose  to  go  over  the  valley  soon 
with  a  large  outfit  for  a  borax  camp.  Mr,  Bubh 
says  Conn  &  Trudo  have  a  large  quantity  of  borax 
at  their  camp  all  ready  for  shipment,  but  there  is 
scarcity  of  teams. 

A  Good  Prospect. — The  prospect  is  good  for 
a  considerable  revival  of  business  at  Darwin  as 
spring  opens.  It  is  said  on  what  appears  to  be 
good  authority  that  Hon.  P.  Reddy  has  bought 
the  waterworks  and  will  make  a  good  deal  of  im- 
provement thereon.  Mr.  Reddy  has  already  put 
up  two  jiggers  and  these  are  now  being  worked  on 
ore  from  the  Defiance.  Each  machine  will  work 
from  four  to  five  tons  of  ore  per  day.  An  immense 
amount  of  ore  is  on  the  dump  and  more  machines 
will  be  added.  J.  A.  McKenzie  continues  shipping 
ore  from  the  Lucky  Jim.  J.  C.  Eddy  recently  put 
some  men  to  tvork  in  the  Promontory  and  will  in- 
crease the  force  there  and  in  other  mines  as  soon 
as  spring  opens.  C,  Anthony  has  again  got  the 
road  open  up  through  Sherherd's  Canyon  to  the 
Riley  mill  and  has  teams  hauling  wood.  He  will 
be  ready  in  a  few  days  to  start  up  the  mill  again 
and  a  good  deal  of  work  will  be  done  there.  A  few 
more  men  have  recently  been  put  to  work  in   the 


Defiance  mine  and  more  would  be  employed,  but 
there  are  no  idle  miners  at  Darwin.  Altogether  the 
prospects  for  that  camp  are  very  good, 

Cerro  Gordo. — Inyo  Independent^  Feb.  i:  At 
Cerro  Gordo  the  work  of  timbering  Union  shaft  is 
reported  to  be  nearly  completed.  Already,  it  is 
said,  some  men  have  been  put  to  work  prospecting 
in  the  mine,  and  this  force  will  likely  be  largely  in- 
creased when  the  shaft  shall  be  completed. 

Hauling  Borax.  —  Index,   Feb,   6:    Mr.  J,  D. 

Marshall  of  Keeler  will  put  his  team  at  work  hauling 

borax  from  Saline  valley  to  Alvord.      The  haul  is  50 

miles  and  it  takes  a  week  to  make  the  round  trip. 

Mono. 

A  Big  Placer  Scheme,— Homer  Mining  Index, 
Feb.  6  :  John  Elbert,  secretary  of  the  old  Mono 
Lake  Hydraulic  Mining  Company,  has  been  in  this 
vicinity  for  some  days,  presumably  looking  after 
placer  ground  in  the  valley  between  the  mouth  of 
Mill  Creek  canyon  and  the  big  lake.  Twenty-four 
claims  of  160  acres  each  have  been  located  and  re- 
corded, aggregating  3840  acres.  Each  loo-acre 
claim  bears  the  names  of  eight  locators.  We  are 
informed  that  Jack  Skewe's  ore-emplion  claim  and 
that  of  Stewart,  Loose  and  Burnside  are  covered  by 
the  new  mining  locations.  These  lie  immediately 
south  and  east  of  the  Locoville,  and  were  taken  up 
as  agricultural  land.  The  old  Mono  Lake  Com- 
pany holds  patents  for  three  loo-acre  tracts,  Calli- 
nan's  station  being  on  one,  which  reaches  nearly 
to  the  great  moraine  which  extends  across  the  can- 
yon this  side  of  its  mouth.  It  is  said  that  a  great 
hydraulic  mining  scheme  is  being  projected,  but 
whether  by  the  old  company  or  a  new  organization 
has  not  been  learned,  but  as  it  is  said  that  the  above- 
mentioned  locations  have  been  made  at  the  instance 
of  and  in  the  interest  of  Mr.  Elbert,  we  presume 
that  the  old  company  is  at  the  bottom  of  the  new 
project. 

Nevada. 

North  Banner.— Grass  Valley  Union.  Feb.  6: 
The  pump  of  the  North  Banner  mine  started  up  on 
Tuesday  evening,  and  Supt.  Skewes  says  the  water 
will  all  be  out  of  the  mine  by  the  last  of  next  week. 
A  good  deal  of  water  is  coming  down  through  the 
old  workings,  but  this  is  caught  up  on  the  drain  tun- 
nel level,  and  is  making  quite  a  strong  head.  Snow 
yet  lays  to  a  depth  of  4^^  feet  at  the  mine. 

Manzanita  Gravel  Mine.  —  The  Manza- 
nita  gravel  mine  at  Nevada  City  is  to  be  reopened 
by  sinking  an  incline  in  new  ground  in  the  eastern 
portion  of  the  location.  The  old  tunnel  will  be 
abandoned  on  account  of  the  constant  caving  of  the 
overhanging  banks. 

The  Water.— Grass  Valley  Union^  Feb,  12: 
The  water  in  the  Empire  and  North  Star  mines  is 
now  under  control,  but  it  was  a  hard  fight  to  pre- 
vent it  from  getting  the  mastery.  Everything  is 
going  on  favorably  at  the  Crown  Point  mine.  Wolf 
creek  is  now  furnishing  sufficient  power  to  run  the 
machinery,  the  accumulated  water  in  the  shaft  has 
been  pumped  out  and  the  work  of  sinking  the  shaft 
resumed.  Mining  work  in  the  district  is  being  grad- 
ually resumed,  and  the  crowds  of  miners  who  were 
kept  in  enforced  idleness  for  some  weeks  by  the 
stormy  weather  are  mostly  employed  again. 

Placer. 

Gold  Run.— Cor.  Placer  Republican,  Feb.  5:  All 
of  our  drift  mines  are  abandoned,  as  no  provisions 
could  be  got  to  the  miners.  The  Indiana  Hill  Co. 
took  their  men  away  from  the  mine  last  week.  This 
mine  is  operated  by  Chinese  and  managed  by  Ti 
Sing.  Many  old  mountain  prospectors  and  hunters 
have  been  driven  in  on  snowshoes  by  the  storm. 
The  snow  is  6J^  feet  in  depth  on  a  level. 
San  Dlef?o. 

The  Stonewall. —Julian  Sentinel,  Feb.  9; 
The  mill  was,  practically  speaking,  finished  and  put 
in  operation  the  ist  of  this  month.  Mr.  C.  Lynn, 
the  contractor,  and  E.  Cameron,  the  foreman  on 
the  works,  left  for  their  homes  in  San  Francisco.  We 
were  out  there  one  day  this  week,  and  counted  30 
stamps  pounding  out  the  yellow  dust.  We  were 
shown  through  the  mill  and  hoisting  works,  and  al- 
though we  are  not  familiar  with  the  different  meth- 
ods of  mining,  we  venture  the  assertion  that  there 
is  not  a  more  complete  plant  in  the  State.  The 
owner  is  justified  in  being  proud  of  this  property. 
The  district  should  be  proud  of  it.  Five  years  ago 
this  mine  was  simply  a  hole  in  the  ground,  which  at 
one  time  paid  well,  but  was  supposed  to  be  worked 
out.  It  was  then  in  the  same  condition  that  dozens 
of  mines  in  this  district  are  to-day.  It  only  wanted 
energy  and  capital  to  make  it  the  foremost  mine  in 
the  State.  In  another  five  years  we  expect  to  see 
a  number  of  our  mines,  now  idle,  equal  the  Stone- 
wall in  richness  and  production.  The  mines  are 
here,  and  capital  will  come  and  develop  them,  and 
it's  coming  soon. 

Shaeta. 

Old  Diggings  District,— Redding  Free  Press, 
Feb.  8;  It  is  some  time  since  the  Old  Diggings  ma- 
terialized in  the  Free  Press.  We  have  not  all  been 
snowed  under,  but  pretty  near  it.  The  snow  was 
from  16  inches  to  two  feet  deep  and  did  some  little 
damage  here.  The  roofs  of  several  sheds  broke 
down,  and  Flanagan  &  Forbes'  mill  at  Star  gulch  is 
completely  caved  in.  Notwithstanding  the  exceed- 
ingly bad  weather,  nearly  all  the  mines  are  doing 
something,  and  we  understand  that  operations  are 
to  be  resumed  at  Quartz  Hill  this  week.  Somebody 
with  capital  will  make  a  big  thing  out  of  Quartz  Hill 
someday.  Walker  Bros.' mill  is  shut  down,  as  the 
roads  are  too  bad  to  haul  quartz.  Superintendent 
Rippeto  has  gone  to  Salt  Lake  City,  but  work  in  the 
mine  is  going  on,  however,  driving  the  lower  tunnel. 
Messrs.  Hart  &  Fleming  have  been  running  their 
mill  all  through  the  storm  with  the  exception  of  a 
few  days  when  the  ore  team  had  to  go  to  town  to 
get  some  feed.  Thompson  &  Jones  have  taken  an- 
other contract  in  the  Mammoth  tunnel.  Mr.  But- 
ters shipped  a  carioad  of  concentrates  from  Walker 
Bros,  to  his  works  at  Kennet  this  month. 

Calumet.— A.  B.  Paul  of  the  Calumet  mine  went 
to  San  Francisco  Wednesday  morning.  Mr,  Paul 
says  that  the  high  water  in  the  river  did  not  quite 
reach  the  railroad  track.  He  was  obliged  to  shut 
down  the  mill  for  the  reason  that  the  foundation  to 
the  engine  and  boiler  became  unstable  by  reason  of 
the  seepage  water  from  the  hill  above. 

Strike.— Shasta  County  Z>^;/z£'<:r(Z^,  Feb.  12:  Last 
Thursday  a  German  prospector  made  a  rich  strike 
near  Anderson  &  Berg's  mine,  in  Lower  Springs 
district.  He  was  out  looking  for  a  ledge  and  came 
across  a  gopher  hole.  He  panned  out  some  of  the 
dirt  in  the  hole,  and  was  surprised  to  find  the  bot- 


tom of  his  pan  literally  covered  with  the  "  yaller 
truck.''  He  tried  another  panful,  meeting  with  the 
same  success.  He  thinks  he  has  struck  a  bonanza 
and  has  gone  right  to  work  on  his  new  find. 

Ore.— Anderson  &  Berg  commenced  shipping 
ore  from  their  mine  in  Lower  Springs  district  Mon- 
day. The  ore  is  hauled  from  the  mine  to  Middle 
creek,  and  from  there  shipped  to  the  Selby  smelting 
works.  Some  parties  have  taken  up  mining  claims 
along  the  river  between  here  and  Middle  creek,  in 
order  to  secure  an  immense  quantity  of  logs  and 
driftwood  brought  down  by  the  recent  high  water. 
They  will  have  any  amount  of  good  stove  wood. 

Lower  Springs  District.— Cor.  Shasta  Co. 
Democrat,  Feb.  5:  When  I  reflect  upon  the  im- 
mense showing  for  good  times  that  we  have  here, 
why  some  of  the  money  and  labor  was  not  spent 
in  actually  developing  the  mines  deeper  than  mere  sur- 
face scratching,  is  really  a  difficult  matter  to  solve. 
We  have  in  our  midst  two  reduction  works  and  one 
or  two  free  mills,  and  one  reduction  works  is  in 
course  of  erection;  also  one  other  free  mill.  This 
mill  speculation  is  a  sad  one  to  our  mining  dis- 
trict. I  believe  all  of  the  mills  in  this  district  are 
idle;  it  may  be  the  stormy  weather  that  has  so 
stopped  the  progress  of  milling  ores  in  this  district. 
We  have  about  16  miners  and  all  of  them  have  from 
two  to  six  mines  which  prospect  well,  and  we  have 
three  mills;  one  of  these  has  a  good  ledge,  the 
others  have  none.  The  average  capacity  of  these 
mills  altogether  is  40  tons  per  24  hours.  The  poor 
miner  has  monopolized  very  near  all  the  paying 
mines  here,  and  the  most  of  them  are  too  poor, 
some  too  lazy,  and  others  too  high-priced  to  allow 
capital  to  purchase  from  them  any  portion  of  their 
property,  and  as  it  now  stands  mostly  in  the  hands 
of  poor  men  and  unreasonable  ones,  too,  our  mines 
here  are  valueless  under  the  present  situation.  And 
what  are  all  of  those  poor  millmen  or  companies 
going  to  do  for  ore  ?  The  mill  companies  are  lost 
to  know  just  what  to  do.  They  simply  build  up 
and  tear  down  and  replace  diflferent  kinds  of  machin- 
ery, keeping  them  in  a  financial  embarrassment,  bet- 
ter described  as  keeping  their  noses  to  the  grind- 
stone. 

Sierra. 

An  English  Co.— London  Mining  Journal, 
Jan.  12:  There  has  been  organized  in  London  a 
company  to  acquire  and  work  the  Mountain  Ledge 
mines,  situated  about  three  miles  northwest  of  Sierra 
City,  on  the  Sierra  Buttes,  and  in  a  direct  line  be- 
tween the  Sierra  Buttes  and  Young  America  mines, 
which  have  both  returned  immense  quantities  of 
gold.  The  property  consists  of  the  Mountain  mine, 
held  under  U.  S,  patent,  and  six  claims  adjoining, 
which  give  a  continuous  run  of  about  7000  feet  on 
the  course  of  the  ledge  or  vein  which  is  being  worked 
on  in  the  Mountain  mine.  There  are  also  miilsites 
on  the  right  bank  of  the  north  fork  of  the  Yuba 
river,  together  with  a  water  right  securing  an  ample 
supply  for  milling  purposes.  According  to  the  pros- 
pectus, the  Mountain  mine  has  been  well  opened 
from  the  cap  of  the  ledge  to  a  depth  of  600  feet,  and 
is  now  in  a  fit  state  of  development  to  keep  a  40- 
stamp  mill  in  full  work,  and  its  further  development 
can  be  carried  on  with  rapidity  and  economy.  The 
property  was  examined  in  September  last  by  an  en- 
gineer on  the  staff  of  Messrs.  John  Taylor  &  Sons, 
and  they  estimate  that  the  reserves  of  ore  proved  by 
the  development  works  to  exist  above  the  level  of 
No.  3  tunnel  amount  to  56,000  tons.  At  the  con- 
clusion of  their  report  Messrs.  John  Taylor  &  Sons 
say  that  "  they  can  with  confidence  recommend  the 
property  as  being  a  good  investment  and  likely  to 
prove  continuously  remunerative.''  Provision  is 
made  for  ^1^35. 000  working  capital  which  is  esti- 
mated to  be  sufficient  to  erect  a  40-stamp  mill  and 
o^her  necessary  plants,  and  pay  the  mining  cost  un- 
til the  mill  begins  working  and  leave  /^io,ooo  to 
provide  for  contingencies.  The  price  paid  for  the 
property  by  the  company  is  ^65,000,  of  which  the 
vendors  elect  to  take  ^"30,000  in  fully  paid-up  shares 
of  the  company. 

Trinity. 

Deadwood. — Cor.  Trinity  Journal,  Feb.  8:  A 
slide  occurred  last  Saturday  at  the  turn  in  the  road 
just  above  Mr.  Leonard's  house  that  moved  one  of 
the  cabins  from  its  foundation.  The  cabin  was  oc- 
cupied by  some  of  the  miners  as  a  sleeping  apart- 
ment, and  ihey  were  in  the  cabin  when  the  slide  oc- 
curred. Another  slide  just  above  the  Brown  Bear 
mill  occurred  the  same  day,  covering  the  mouth  of 
what  is  called  the  West  tunnel,  and  burying  five 
cars.  The  tunnel  was  completely  dammed  up,  but 
the  pressure  from  the  water  trom  within  soon  forced 
the  mouth  of  the  tunnel  open,  when  the  water 
and  gravel  came  down  in  immense  quantities 
as  if  a  Urge  reservoir  had  broken  loose,  running  di- 
rectly through  the  mill,  and  nearly  covering  the  con- 
centrators and  depositing  about  two  teet  of  mud 
and  gravel  all  through  the  mill.  The  fire  in  the  fur- 
nace was  immediately  extinguished  to  prevent  dam- 
age by  fire  in  case  any  more  slides  came  down.  Of 
course  the  mill  had  to  be  closed  down,  and  it  will 
take  several  days  to  repair  the  damages.  This  is 
the  only  mill  on  the  Deadwood  divide  that  has  suc- 
ceeded in  running  constantly  during  all  the  cold  and 
stormy  weather  of  the  season,  and  it  is  really  quite  a 
misfortune  to  be  compelled  to  close  down  at  this 
time. 

Tuolumne. 

Free  Gold.— Union  Democrat,  Feb.  8:  The 
report  from  the  Mary  Ellen  mine  is  very  favorable. 
It  steadily  improves  as  the  work  of  development 
goes  on.  The  two  strikes  recently  made  of  ore  rich 
in  free  gold  are  very  important,  as  they  indicate  the 
existenceof  a  large  pay  chute  of  ore.  It  is  in  fact 
the  union  of  two  chutes  constituting  one  large  body, 
and  also  proves  that  the  ore  goes  down  and  in- 
creases in  size  and  depth. 

Black  Oak.— The  B'ack  Oak  mine  and  milling, 
property,  situated  near  Soulsbyville.  will  be  sold  by 
the  sherifT  to-day,  to  satisfy  a  judgment  obtained 
by  W.  G.  Scolt. 

NEVADA. 

Wasboe  DlsCriot. 

■  Sierra  Nevada. — Virginia  Chronicle,  Feb.  8: 
Underground  operations,  temporarily  suspended  the 
largest  portion  of  the  week  on  account  of  the  scarc- 
ity of  fuel,  will  be  resumed  with  the  usual  force  next 
Monday. 

Con.  California  &  Virginia.— The  extraction 
of  ore,  suspended  pending  the  snow  blockade,  is  re- 
sumed and  shipments  have  been  made  to  the  Mor- 
gan and  Eureka  mills  during  the  past  four  days. 
On  the  1650  level  the  raise  above  the  end  of  the  east 


crosscut  from  the  end  of  the  north  drift  from  the 
winze,  sunk  60  feet  below  the  end  of  the  south  drift, 
has  been  advanced  23  feet  and  the  top  is  in  quartz. 
The  raise  above  the  end  of  the  northwest  drift,  from 
the  main  west  drift  from  the  C.  &  C,  shaft,  is  up  81 
feet.  Shipped  to  the  Morgan  mill  902  tons  and 
1090  pounds  of  ore  and  to  the  Eureka  639  tons  and 
1040  pounds;  battery  sample  assays  showing  an 
average  value  of  $27.50  per  ton.  Bullion  valued  at 
$94,675.71  shipped  to  San  Francisco. 

Union  Con.— Oh  the  1465  level  in  the  north  lat- 
eral drift  100  feet  south  of  west  crosscut  No.  3,  west 
crosscut  No.  4  is  advanced  184  feet,  and  continues 
in  porphyry  and  clay. 

Mexican.— On  the  1465  level  west  crosscut  No. 

3,  100  feet  south  of  No.  2,  from  the  north  drift  from 
west  crosscut  No.  i,  from  the  main  north  lateral 
drift,  is  extended  3  feet  in  a  porphyry  formation. 

Ophir. — On  the  1300  level  from  the  end  of  the 
east  crosscut  from  the  shaft  station  a  south  drift  is- 
advanced  333  feet,  from  the  end  of  the  east  cross- 
cut, 316  feet  from  the  shaft  station,  continuing  in> 
porphyry  and  quartz. 

Gould  &  Curry.— On  the  200  level  the  south- 
west drift  is  extended  340  feet  Formation,  quartz, 
showing  some  value.  On  the  400  level  the  south- 
west drift  is  extended  85  feet.  Formation,  porphy- 
ry, clay  and  quartz,  showing  some  value. 

Best  &  Belcher.— On  the  1000  level  east  cross- 
cut No.  I  extended  132  feet.  Formation,  hard  por- 
phyry. On  the  1200  level  the  north  drift  is  cleaned 
out  and  repaired  193  feet. 

Savage. — Daily  shipments  of  60  tons  of  ore  re- 
sumed and  the  usual  exploratory  work  is  in  progress 
from  the  400  to  the  900  level. 

Hale  &  Norcross. — The  usual  exploratory  work 
is  in  progress.  Ore  shipments  to  the  Nevada  mill 
were  resumed  Feb,  5,  averaging  150  tons  daily. 

Chollar. — Crushing  60  tons  of  ore  daily,  pulp 
assays  showing  an  average  value  of  $22,50   per  ton. 

PoTOSi. — The  930  level  east  crosscut  has  entered 
low-grade  quartz.  Repairs  to  the  timbering  of  the 
openings  on  the  650  level  stilt  in  progress. 

Andes. — North  compartment  of  shaft  opened  to 
the  420  level  and  repairs  in  progress  to  middle  com- 
partment preparatory  to  drifting  for  downward  con- 
tinuation of  ore  developed  on  350  level. 

Imperial. — Operations  were  resumed  February 

4,  The  300  level  west  crosscut.  No.  2,  is  cutting 
occasional  ore  bunches.  The  500  level  west  cross- 
cut is  in  quartz.  The  500  level  north  drift  is  out 
1338  feet  from  the  Yellow  Jacket  shaft. 

Alpha. — The  600  north  drift  continues  in  quartz 
showing  fair  assays.  The  500  level  west  crosscut  is 
in  low-grade  quartz  and  porphyry. 

Exchequer.— The  500  level  east  crosscut  at  the 
Alpha  line  continues  in  quartz  and  porphyry. 

Ward  Combination  Shaft, — The  iSoo  level 
east  dritt  is  advanced  192  feet. 

Overman. — Will  resume  ore  shipments  next 
week. 

New  York  Con.— Opening  the  600  level  to  cut 
upward  continuation  of  ore  developed  on  the  800. 

Caledonia. — West  crosscut  No,  3  is  in  low- 
grade  quartz  and  porphyry. 

Crown  Point. — Ore  shipments  resumed  and  av- 
erage 150  tons  daily.  Pulp  assays  show  an  average 
of  above  $18  per  ton, 

B&LCHER. — The  850  level  east  crosscut  continues 
in  porphyry.     Explorations  resumed  at  all  points. 

Seg,  Belcher.— Ore  bunches  still  showing  in  the 
1200  level  drift  from  the  winze.  The  1000  level  east 
crosscut  continues  in  low-grade  quartz. 

Silver  Hill. — Usual  progress  made  in  160  and 
260  level  explorations. 

Justice. — The  mill  is  crushing  the  usual  amount 
and  quality  of  ore. 

Alta. — The  mill  is  again  in  full  operation  crush- 
ing the  usual  amount  of  ore,  pulp  assays  showing  an 
average  value  of  $24  50  per  ton.  The  northwest 
drift  from  the  winze  bottom,  below  the  925  level,  is 
in  low-grade  quartz. 

Utah. — On  the  6ao  level  the  southeast  drift  from 
the  shaft  station  is  extended  840  feet.  Formation, 
soft  porphyry,  with  clay,  quartz  and  water. 

Occidental  Con.— Continue  to  extract  ore  of 
good  quality  from  the  slopes  on  the  400  and  450 
levels.  The  500  level  west  crosscut  has  reached  the 
footwall.  Have  started  a  raise  loo  feet  south  of 
No.  3  raise.  The  550  line  east  crosscut  is  advanced 
nine  feet  in  porphyry  and  clay  and  the  west  crosscut 
has  reached  the  lootwall.  From  the  end  of  this 
crosscut  have  started  a  south  drift  in  ore  of  fair 
quality. 

North  Occidental.— The  550  Idvel  joint  east 
crosscut  is  extended  eight  feet  in  porphyry  and  clay. 
The  joint  west  crosscut  has  reached  the  footwall  and 
from  the  end  of  it  a  north  drift  is  started  in  fair 
quility  ore. 

Cherry  Creek  District. 

Little  Doing.— White  Pine  A'ewsy  Feb,  i:  A 
corporal's  guard  of  men  is  employed  at  the  Star  and 
a  couple  of  miners  at  the  Exchequer.  Apart  from 
this,  mining  has  virtually  ceased  for  the  time  being. 
Notwithstanding  this  direful  state  of  affairs  there 
exists  a  well-grounded  belief  that  there  will  be  ere 
long  a  resuscitation  of  the  mining  industry  and  a  to- 
tal eclipse  of  Cherry  Creek's  former  palmy  days  in 
the  glory  and  magnitude  of  its  future  output  of  treas- 
ure. This  language  may  seem  extravagant,  but 
such  is  the  prevailing  sentiment,  and  it  is  proclaimed 
by  all  familiar  with  the  mineral  resources  of  this  and 
neighboring  districts. 

Eureka  District. 

Ruby  Hill  Tunnel. — Sentinel,  Feb.  6;  The 
Ruby  Hill  tunnel  is  now  in  1560  feet  and  is  passing 
out  of  the  hard  formation  it  has  been  running  in  for 
a  long  time  past.  The  air  is  good,  being  supplied 
from  big  crevices  near  the  breast,  which  shows  that 
the  ground  ahead  is  in  a  more  broken  condition  and 
of  a  better  nature  for  ore  than  has  been  encountered 
for  some  distance.  A  contract  will  be  let  as  soon  as 
the  next  10  feet  have  been  driven. 

Hawthorne  District. 

Claims  Being  Worked. —Walker  Lake  5w//tf;'z>^ 
Jan.  28:  The  miners,  manifesting  their  faith  in  the 
mines  of  Hawthorne,  are  working  on  various 
claims  with  increased  vigor.  The  Good  Hope,  owned 
by  Striker  &  Box,  shows  a  strong  vein  of  ore  of  fair 
grade.  This  mine  is  in  close  proximity  to  the  Pam- 
lico, and  is  claimed  to  be  on  the  same  belt  of  miner- 
al. At  presen.t  work  is  being  done  in  running  a  tun- 
nel to  tap  the  ledge,  which  it  is  expected  will  be 
completed  within  a  few  days.  The  Consolida  shows 
fine  ore.  George  Olsen  is  engaged  in  driving  a  tun- 
nel on  the  ledge  and  extracting  pay  ore,  though  in 
small  quantity.  This  claim  is  situated  in  Neversweat 


Feb.  15,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


'113 


gulch,  and  now  shows  ilsclf  as  a  bullion-producer. 
The  New  York  is  worked  by  lessees  who  have  on  the 
dump  about  lotons  of  good  ore  and  are  daily  t;x- 
iraciiog  more.  The  Parohco  has  survived  from  the 
recent  litigation  decided  in  its  favor,  and, is  now 
working  a  force  of  lo  men  extracting  rich  ore.  The 
force  will  probably  be  increased  in  a  short  time. 
The  Evening  Star  is  also  worked  by  Barlow  &  Long- 
abaugh,  who  have  a  lease  of  the  property,  and  are 
at  work  in  the  lower  levels.  They  are  reported  as 
doing  well.  The  Early  Dawn  is  being  worked  by 
the  OM  hers,  Kimball  <S:  Waddell,  who  have  three 
men  regularly  employed  drifting  and  stopine.  They 
have  been  getting  good  ore  all  the  time.  The  mine 
presents  very  Hiitenng  prospects  of  a  big  bonanza. 
The  Gold  bir,  owned  by  D.  Tubino,  has  two  men 
at  work.  There  are  rumors  of  a  big  lawsuit  concern- 
ing the  ownership  of  this  claim.  It  must  be,  as  it 
is.  a  valuable  mine  when  such  signs  of  war  are 
afloat  The  work  of  extending  a  tunnel  on  the  vein 
is  actively  going  on.  1  he  assessment  work  has  been 
done  on  many  other  claims  in  the  district.  Badger 
Bill  and  Chas.  Ganong  have  started  up  the  Compro- 
mise mine.  It  is  in  a  good  locality  and  with  work  it 
will  no  doubt  show  up  in  time  with  other  paying 
mines  in  the districL  Tom  D.ily  and  John  Ham- 
mond are  at  work  on  the  North  Star. 
Jett  Dietrlot^ 

Senator. — Belmont  CVwr/Vr,  Feb.  i:  Assays  of 
ore  from  the  Scoalor  mine,  made  by  Geo.  Nicholl 
on  Wednesday  last,  resulted  as  follows  ;  No.  i — 
Sliver  per  ion,  $g^  ounces  and  69  66-ioo  per  cent 
lead.  No.  a -Silver  per  ton,  64  ounces  and  69 
ai'foo  per  cent  lead.  No.  3— Silver  per  ton,  73 
ounces  and  69  8o-ioo  per  cent  lead.  The  Senator 
mine  is  situated  in  .Nye  county  and  is  owned  by 
Thos.  Warburton  of  Belmont.  The  above  assays 
show  that  Jett  is  one  of  the  best  silver  and  lead  min- 
ing districts  in  this  part  of  Nevada.  There  are  large 
bodies  of  ore  in  the  various  mines  of  that  district, 
and  whenever  a  railroad  is  built  through  .Smoky 
valley  the  mines  situated  in  the  Toiyabe,  Jefferson, 
.Spmish  Belt,  Peavine  and  San  Antonio  mouniains 
will  come  to  the  front  as  bullion-producers.  Gold 
is  also  known  to  exist  in  alt  of  the  mountains  above 
named,  principally  in  the  famous  Ophir  and  Jtffer- 
son  districts,  Nye  county. 

Reese  River  District. 

The  CONTRACr  Let. — Reese  River  Rcvt-ille, 
Feb.  7:  The  contract  for  timbering  and  sinking  the 
Union  shaft  has  been  given  to  Tony  Russell,  Harry 
Harris,  Joe  Gill,  John  King,  Ed  Johnson  and 
another  party,  who^e  name  we  did  not  learn.  They 
are  lo  receive  $450  for  tiraberinc;  the  shaft  and  $14 
per  fool  for  sinking  the  first  fifty  feet  and  $14  lor  the 
following  hundred.  We  were  speaking  with  an  old 
miner  who  worked  in  the  Plymouth  in  1868,  who 
says  "that  he  wished  he  had  the  money  to  pur- 
chase the  mine,  and  run  east  from  the  bottom  level, 
to  strike  the  body  of  ore  that  pitched  west  from  the 
North  Star  mine."  This  was  M.  J.  Farrell's  opinion 
also,  who  advised  the  sinking  of  the  Plymouth.  But 
the  opinion  of  miners  does  not  cut  much  of  a 
figure  with  the  present  management. 
RoblESon  District. 

SiNKi.NG  A  Shaft.— White  Pine  Newz,  Feb  i: 
The  Robinson  Canyon  Consolidated  Placer  M.  Co. 
have  commenced  sinking  shaft  No.  3  on  the  upper 
part  of  their  ground.  No.  2  prospected  well,  but 
they  are  determined  to  make  a  thorough  test  of  all 
their  ground  before  starting  in  to  work  with  the  view 
of  production. 

Tuscarora  Dlstrlcc. 

Placers. —  Times-Review.  Feb.  8;  There  has 
been  but  little  placer  mining  here,  on  account  of  the 
scarcity  of  water,  for  a  number  of  years.  Next 
sprmg,  however,  there  will  be  plenty  of  moisture, 
and  operations  in  that  line  wilt  probably  continue 
during  the  greater  part  of  the  summer.  The  placer 
diggings  are  all  owned  by  Chinamen,  and  during 
favorable  seasons  they  make  good  wages  as  long  as 
the  water  holds  out. 

ARIZONA. 

Strike. — Prescotl  Alcner,  Feb.  5:  A  strike  of 
very  rich  sulphuret  ore  is  reported  to  have  been 
made  in  the  Senator  recently.  The  Congress  mill 
continues  to  run  day  and  night,  while  work  in  the 
mine  is  being  prosecuted  with  vigor.  Owing  to 
the  recent  storms  and  muddy  roads,  there  are  about 
20  carloads  of  concentrates  piled  up  in  the  mill, 
awaiting  shipment.  P.  J.  Fitzgerald  made  a  clean- 
up yesterday,  at  the  sampling  works,  on  a  lot  of  ore 
taken  out  of  a  Turkey  creek  mine.  The  result 
proved  highly  satisfactory.  J.  R.  Listen  left  this 
morning  for  the  Del  Pasco  mill,  in  the  Bradshaw 
mountains,  which  he  is  running  successfully  on  ore 
from  the  Old  Reliable  mine.  F.  L.  Carlisle,  super- 
intendent of  the  Black  Horse  mine,  is  running  a 
double  shift  on  the  mine,  and  will  soon  have  it  in 
shape  to  commence  sinking.  The  shaft  in  the 
Quartz  Mountain  mine  is  down  150  feet,  and  G  J. 
Wickler,  a  practieil  miner,  recently  employed  there, 
says  there  is  an  abundance  of  fine  milling  ore  in 
the  shaft,  which  goes  all  the  way  from  $30  to  $150 
per  ton.  J.  C.  Brown,  of  the  company,  will  go 
out  to  the  property  to-morrow.  J.  D,  Helm,  su- 
perintendent of  the  Oro  Bella  M.  Co.,  is  in  town. 
He  has  had  a  two  months'  run  of  the  mill,  which 
he  says  proved  highly  satisfactory.  He  i=i  now 
engaged  in  building  a  tramway  to  the  Grey  Eagle 
mine,  which  was  recently  purchased  by  the  Oro 
Bella  Co.  They  intend  to  put  in  a  chlorination 
plant  at  the  Oro  Bella  mill,  to  work  the  base  ore 
of  the  Grey  Eagle  mine,  both  that  and  the  Oro 
Bella  mines  being  rich  in  free  pold  also. 

Old  Dominion. — Silver  Belt ^  Feb.  i:  The  new 
cages  for  the  Old  Dominion  Co.  arrived  last  week 
and  have  been  put  in  place  in  the  Interloper  shaft. 
We  understand  that  sinking  is  to  be  commenced  at 
once.  The  present  fine  weather  is  very  favorable  to 
surface  work,  and  has  given  the  company  oppor- 
tunity to  make  several  needed  improvements.  Coke 
has  arrived  in  quantity  during  the  past  ten  days, 
and  there  is  not  likely  to  be  any  interruption  in 
smelting  for  some  time  to  come. 

Garfield. — Mohave  Miner^  Feb.  8:  Mr.  Fisher 
has  a  lease  on  the  Garfield  and  has  a  carload  ready 
for  shipment.  A.  E.  Rogers  and  Juan  Canos  have 
commenced  work  on  the  Fintic  gold  claim  in  Chlo- 
ride. David  Southwick  is  taking  out  good  ore  on 
the  Buckeye.  James  Mitchell,  who  has  had  a  lease 
on  the  Virginia,  has  a  carioad  of  good  ore  ready  for 
shipment.  The  Rattan  M.  Co.  have  concluded  not 
to  purchase  the  quartz-mill  of  the  Monarch  M-  Co. 
In  the  Music  mountains  mining  affairs  are  at  pres- 


ent looking  brighter  than  ever  before,  and  a  good 
deal  of  development  is  being  done.  E.  F.  Thomp- 
son is  making  a  50ton  shipment  from  his  Empire 
No.  2,  Chloride.  John  K.  Mackenzie  has  struck  a 
body  of  good  ore  in  the  Cincinnati  mine,  which  he 
recently  bonded  from  W.  H.  Hardy.  F.  Byers  and 
P.  K.  Washington  have  taken  out  45  tons  of  ore 
from  the  three  mines  in  that  district.  The  district 
needs  reduction  works,  so  that  the  ore  can  be 
worked  nc;tr  the  mines,  and  the  prospects  are  at 
present  favorable  for  them.  It  is  authoritatively 
stated  that  active  operations  will  be  soon  com- 
menced on  the  Montezuma  in  San  Francisco  dis- 
trict. This  mine  is  owned  by  New  York  capitalists. 
Supl.  Bowers  will  commence  work  on  the  Night- 
hawk,  Layne  Springs,  as  soon  as  the  necessary  sup- 
plies can  be  got  to  the  mine.  Supt.  Mackenzie  has 
about  50  tons  of  ore  ready  for  shipment  from  the 
Cupel.  All  the  first-class  accumutited  since  De- 
cember has  been  worked,  and  gave  results  of  from 
260  to  338  ounces  silver  per  ton,  the  whole  averag- 
ing over  300  ounces  per  ton.  There  is  a  force  of 
more  than  20  men  employed,  and  the  product  is 
about  the  usual  quantity. 

HAKyuA  Hala  Solid. — The  Bonanza  mine  is 
proving  to  be  a  really  fine  property.  Its  greatest 
depth  is  140  feet,  but  in  the  absence  of  hoisting 
works  drifting  has  only  been  prosecuted  from  the 
60-fooi  level.  Some  270  feet  ol  sloping  ground  is 
now  opened  up,  leaving,  according  lo  Foreman 
Tom  Brown's  estimate,  3000  tons  of  ore  in  sight. 
The  pay  streak  varies  from  5  to  12  feet  in  width,  and 
the  last  niillrun  showed  an  average  in  the  ore  of  $30 
per  ion,  free  gold.  Tom  Cochrane  is  in  charge  of 
the  Harrisburg  mill.  A  cleanup  from  14  days'  oper- 
ations yielded  $8500.  Mr.  Cochrane,  who  is  in 
town,  although  a  part  owner,  keeps  his  head,  and 
will  only  admit,  in  a  maiier-of-fact|Way,lthat  he  con- 
siders the  claim  a  '"good  property."  It  is  doubt- 
ful  if  the  Congress  mine  showed  up  belter  at  ihe 
present  development. 

OOLORADO. 

Strike  in  the  Express.— Aspen  Times,  Feb. 
7:  For  several  days  rumors  have  been  heard  of  an 
important  strike  in  the  Express  mine  at  Ashcroft, 
which  is  being  worked  by  the  Express  Mining  Com- 
pany, under  the  management  of  H.  J.  Russell.  It 
has  been  impossible  to  secure  accurate  information 
regarding  the  developments  that  had  given  rise  to 
these  reports,  but  when  Mr.  McK..  Robinson,  who 
was  formerly  an  owner  in  the  property,  was  seen  by 
the  reporter,  he  staled  that  samples  of  ore  had  been 
brought  down  from  the  properly  within  a  few  days 
which  assayed  ten  ounces  in  silver  and  from  64  to 
70  per  cent  in  copper.  The  parties  who  brought 
the  ore  down  slated  that  a  very  large  body  of  it  had 
been  developed,  and  when  they  got  the  assay  they 
declared  that  the  discovery  was  nothing  less  than  a 
bonanza.  Ore  of  this  character  is  worth  in  this 
market  about  $120  per  ton.  Manager  Murphy  of 
the  Edison  reports  that  the  property  holds  out  fully 
as  well  as  at  any  time  since  the  recent  discoveries 
were  made  in  it.  It  is  shipping  from  25  to  30  tons 
of  ore  per  day.  This  is  not  its  full  capacity,  but  the 
figure  is  one  that  can  easily  be  maintained  for  an  in- 
definite period.  The  Silver  Bell  has  developed  a 
new  ore  body  at  a  point  some  distance  below  the 
workings  from  which  the  recent  heavy  shipments 
have  been  made.  The  newly-found  vein  is  reported 
to  be  of  even  better  grade  than  that  which  was  taken 
out  above.  Some  ore  is  being  found  in  the  Saddle 
Rock,  which  is  under  lease  to  John  Scott  and 
others,  with  M.  Murphy  as  manager.  The  contact 
is  just  being  opened,  and  it  is  showing  a  good 
streak  of  very  good  ore.  The  parties  interested  are 
satisfied  that  they  will  soon  have  a  pay  mine.  The 
road  on  Aspen  mountain  is  getting  in  such  a  bad 
condition  that  teams  are  no  longer  able  to  bring 
down  more  than  three  and  a  half  tons  at  a  load. 
With  a  good  road  they  haul  on  an  average  from 
four  and  a  half  to  five  tons  from  Tourtelotte  park. 

Idaho  Springs.— A^tit/i,  Feb.  7:  During  the 
month  of  January  there  were  shipped  from  the  sta- 
tion at  this  place  128  cars  containing  3,665,000 
pounds  of  ore,  a  decrease  of  only  19,000  pounds  as 
compared  with  the  shipments  for  December.  An 
addition  to  be  used  in  storing  concentrates  has  been 
built  to  the  Mixsell  mill.  On  Monday  water  was 
turned  into  the  flume,  which  was  found  to  be  in  ex- 
cellent shape,  Mixsell  hopes  lo  be  able  to  start  the 
mill  running  the  first  of  next  week. 

DAKOTA. 

The  New  Hope  Lode.— Deadwood  Pioneer, 
Feb.  5:  This  is  a  promising  location  near  the 
Standby — formerly  known  as  the  Little  Rapid  Lode — 
its  high  value  consisting  in  the  high-grade  concen- 
trates which  it  yields  after  the  extraction  of  the  free 
gold.  It  was  experimented  with  by  Prof.  Carpen- 
ter during  his  geological  survey,  who  informed  the 
reporter  that  the  concentrates  would  yield  about  $25, 
and  it  requires  about  four  tons  of  rock  to  make 
one  of  concentrates.  It  is  a  large,  well-defined  de- 
posit of  the  class  which  he  denominates  "  bedded." 
It  is  under  bond  to  some  of  Rapid's  scientific  men, 
who  hope  to  sell  it  for  big  money.  The  name  of 
the  lucky  owner  is  Joe  Walter. 

Carbonate.— Frank  Rryant,  superintendent  of 
the  Spanish  R.,  is  now  sinking  a  shait  on  the  prop- 
erty. The  mine  looks  remarkably  well,  and  as 
some  have  said,  promises  a  '*  bonanza."  At  the 
Iron  Hill,  Stewart  Thompson  is  as  busy,  in  fact 
more  so  than  before  the  fire,  getting  ready  for  re- 
building. The  debris  is  being  removed  as  fast  as 
possible,  and  lumber  is  arriving  daily  for  the  new 
structure.  Seabury-Calkins  are  getting  ready  for 
extensive  sinking  and  drifting,  overhauling  machin- 
ery, etc.  Take  it  all  in  all,  the  camp  has  lost  none  of 
its  vim  on  account  of  the  fire. 

IDAHO. 

The  Cinnabar.— Clayton  Free  Press.  Feb.  6; 
This  mine  was  located  by  Kirk  Bros.,  in  1881.  Two 
shafts  have  been  sunk  on  the  ledge  and  the  discov- 
ery shaft  is  sunk  on  the  footwall  to  a  depth  of  330 
leet,  showing  ore  on  three  sides  from  top  lo  bottom, 
and  at  the  terminus  of  said  shaft  there  is  five  feet  of 
solid  ore,  going  down,  that  assays  $28  in  gold,  80 
ounces  silver  and  30  per  cent  lead.  It  could  not  be 
worked  farther  on  account  of  bad  air.  Out  of  this 
shaft  over  $50,000  worth  of  ore  has  been  shipped,  as 
the  receipts  from  the  smelters  show.  At  this  point 
work  was  suspended.  Going  south  on  the  surface 
about  600  feet,  they  have  sunk  a  shaft  on  the  footwall 


of  the  ledge  to  a  depth  of  60  feet,  which  is  desig- 
nated as  shaft  No.  2.  In  this  shaft  a  fine  body  of 
firsi-cUss  ore  is  exposed  all  the  way  down.  On  the 
footwall  the  ore,  which  is  first-class,  is  2^  ^^^^  ■>) 
width,  and  assays  $110  in  gold,  90  ounces  in  silver, 
and  30  per  cent  lead.  The  receipts  from  the  Clay- 
ton smelter  corroborate  the  above  statement  in  every 
particular.  From  the  footwall  lo  the  hanging-wati, 
a  distance  of  60  feet,  a  crosscut  is  driven.  On  the 
hanging-wall  a  body  of  ore  is  exposed  which  is  41-4 
feet  in  width  and  assays  $70  in  gold.  125  ounces  in 
silver  and  30  per  ceni  lead.  Between  these  bodies 
of  high-grade  ore,  in  the  intervening  space  of  53  feet, 
is  a  solid  body  of  concentrating  ores;  which,  oy  re- 
ducing five  tons  to  one,  as  near  as  can  be  ascer- 
tained, returns  $180  in  gold,  225  ounces  in  silver, 
and  70  per  cent  lead.  From  this  shaft  first -class  ore 
has  been  shipped  to  the  amount  of  $15,000.  The 
developments  produced  by  shafts  Nos.  1  and  2, 
proving  conclusively  the  immensity  of  the  ore 
deposits,  induced  the  operators  to  drive  a 
tunnel  501  feet  to  tap  shaft  No.  1. 
All  the  ores  exposed  to  view  in  this  mine  are  free  from 
base  :  the  gangue  being  carbonate  of  iron,  makes  it 
a  valuable  smelting  proposition.  On  the  dumps  are 
from  7000  to  10,000  tons  of  concentrating  ores,  and 
about  150  tons  of  first-class  ore.  On  this  location 
there  is  abundance  of  fine  timber,,  and  the  water  in 
the  creek  is  sufficient  for  miUing  and  smelting  pur- 
poses ;  thus  making  it  an  easy  task  to  treat  the  con- 
centrating ores  at  comparatively  little  cost,  say  from 
$1.50  lo  f2  per  ton.  This  valuable  property  is  des- 
tined for  a  bright  future,  and  will  rank  with  the 
Granite  and  Comstock.  It  is  owned  by  a  Highland, 
III.,  and  a  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  company. 

Crcesus.— Ketchum  Keystoiu,  Feb.  8:  The  fine 
development  made  in  the  Crcesus  mine  near  Hailey, 
some  three  weeks  ago,  is  proving  very  satisfactory, 
and  the  ore  taken  from  the  new  find  is  improving  in 
quality. 

Pelican.— We  have  it  from  good  authority  that 
Messrs.  Lord  &  Gard  have  made  a  good  develop- 
ment in  the  Pelican  mine,  located  about  a  mile 
north  of  the  noted  North  Star  mine  on  East  Fork. 
These  miners  have  been  working  their  claims  a  long 
time,  and  deserve  to  be  rewarded  for  their  untiring 
perseverance. 

Star  of  Hope. — Hugh  Eraser  came  in  from  the 
Star  of  Hope  mine  on  the  Lost  river  divide  on 
Thursday.  He  and  the  Ross  brothers  have  been 
working  that  mine  during  the  winter.  He  reports 
the  mine  looking  well  and  producing  good  ore.  The 
snow  is  from  ten  to  twelve  feet  deep  on  the  level  at 
their  place. 

LOWER    CALIFORNIA. 

Placers  and  C^xsk-kyz.— Lower  Californian, 
Feb.  6:  It  is  the  intention  of  the  Lower  California 
Mining  Co.  at  the  Real  del  Castillo  to  employ  100 
men  constantly  at  their  mines,  and  to  operate  15 
quartz  ledges  besides  the  placers. 

Hydraulic  Mining. — "  It  will  be  Mexico's  first 
attempt  at  hydraulic  mining  on  a  large  scale,"  re- 
marked Col.  T.  Masac,  President  of  the  Lower  Cal- 
ifornia Mining  Co.  "Our  sluice-bc^ces  are  now 
being  rapidly  put  in  place  at  Rich  Gulch.  This 
$40,000  flume  we  have  been  some  months  building 
is  a  combined  aqueduct  and  ditch  four  and  one- 
half  miles  in  length.  The  grade  is  seven  and  three- 
quarters  feet  to  every  hundred  feet,  making  a  uni- 
form pressure.  The  capacity  of  the  flume  is  600 
miners'  inches.  Our  longest  trestle  is  1700  feet, 
with  a  depth  of  35  feet.  There  are  five  in  all  and 
they  have  consumed  over  100,000  feet  of  Oregon 
pine  and  redwood.  The  sluice-boxes  will  be  se- 
cured with  Yale  locks,  and  three  different  people 
will  have  keys,  which,  used  together,  will  alone 
open  the  combination.  As  soon  as  the  placer 
work  is  well  under  way,  I  shall  put  a  large  force  of 
men  on  the  quartz  ledges,  where  we  have  15  veins 
to   develop.     There   are  some   excellent    prospects 

waiting."  ■ 

MONTANA. 

The  Silver  Crown.  —  New  Northwest,  Feb.  7: 
Certainly  the  best  showing  of  any  prospect  in  Oro 
Fino,  the  amount  of  development  considered,  is  that 
made  by  the  Silver  Crown.  The  shaft  has  reached 
a  depth  of  nearly  70  feet,  having  followed  the  vein 
on  an  incline.  At  the  start  but  four  inches  of  ore 
showed  up  in  the  vein.  This  has  now  widened  lo  10 
inches  of  solid,  high-grade  ore,  Thomas  Strang 
made  a  number  of  assays  this  week  of  samples  taken 
from  across  the  lead,  which  gave  the  following  re- 
turns: No.  I,  $686.70;  No.  2,  $861.86;  No.  3.  $233.- 
30;  No.  4,  $iB6.66;  No.  S.  $131.90.  As  the  ore  has 
steadily  increased  in  quality  as  well  as  in  quantity, 
with  depth,  and  as  the  formation  is  solid  and  un- 
broken, the  Silver  Crown  can  conservatively  be  num- 
bered among  the  best  prospects  in  the  district.  So 
far  as  we  are  advised,  no  such  showing  of  high-grade 
ore  at  equal  depth  has  ever  been  made  in  the  camp. 

The  Ohio.— The  most  important  mining  event  of 
the  week  is  the  strike  in  the  Ohio.  At  a  depth  of 
150  feet  a  crosscut  to  the  south  was  started.  This 
had  been  run  a  distance  of  41  feet  last  Monday 
when  the  vein  was  encountered  and  cut  six  feet  to 
the  wall.  Of  the  six  feet  of  vein  matter,  nearly  four 
feet  is  solid  ore  ranging  in  value  from  70  to  80 
ounces  to  the  ton,  according  to  numerous  and  care- 
ful assays.  The  strike  occasioned  considerable  stir 
among  mining  men. 

Granite  Mountain,  —  Philhpsburg  it/azA  Feb. 
6:  The  output  for  the  week  ending  Feb.  6th  was  48 
bars  of  bullion  containing  72,455  ounces  fine  silver 
and  158  ounces  fine  gold. 

The  Simpson.  —  The  Simpson  lode,  about  two 
miles  south  of  Rumsey,  is  likely  to  prove  to  be  a  bo- 
nanza. The  vein  is  about  four  feet  wide  and  lays  in 
the  granite  and  porphyry,  and  runs  high  in  silver 
and  carries  some  gold.  This  new  find  is  owned  by 
John  Berry  and  M.  Gerberg. 

The  Southern  Cross.— Salton  Cameron  ol  the 
Southern  Cross  reports  his  mill  as  running  in  excel- 
lent shape  and  the  ore  from  the  Southern  Cross  as 
being  richer  than  ever.  ,  ,    t^    , 

Emigrant  Gulch.— Emigrant  gulch.  Park  coun- 
ty, is  rather  quieter  this  winter  than  usual,  and  most 
of  the  miners  who  for  a  number  of  years  past  have 
resided  here  are  enjoying  winter  quarters  m  Chico. 
while  the  more  transient  of  the  population  have  gone 
to  winter  elsewhere.  But  little  work  is  being  done 
in  the  gulch,  but  the  miners  still  hold  the  claims 
to  which  they  have  pinned  their  faith  so  long,  and 
have  an  abiding  confidence  in  the  ultimate  prosperi- 
ty of  the  camp.  Their  hopes  are  well  founded  and 
the  coming  season  promises  to  witness  a  veritable 


boom  for  this  camp,  as  the  rich  character  of  her 
ores  are  becoming  known  abroad  and  capital  is  be- 
ginning to  be  placed  in  the  more  prominent  claims 
here  by  outsiders.  It  is  confidently  expected  that  a 
plant  for  reduction  of  ore  will  be  built  at  the  open- 
ing of  the  coming  season,  and  Emigrant  promises 
before  long  to  rank  equal  with  the  richest  ol  Mon- 
tana's mining  camps. 

NEW  MSXIOO. 

Sierra  Co.— Kingston  Shaft,  Feb.  8:  The  min- 
ing outlook  lor  Sierra  county  never  was  better  than 
at  present.  Every  district  in  the  county  shows  re- 
newed activity.  Hillsboro,  Chloride,  Lake  Valley, 
Hermosa,  and  Kingston  are  all  producing  steadily. 
Hillsboro  is  probably  working  a  larger  force  of  men 
than  at  any  time  since  the  district  was  discovered. 
The  Silver  M.  Co.  of  Lake  Valley  are  working  115 
men,  which,  considering  the  vast  amount  of  ma- 
chinery, does  the  work  of  400  men.  At  Hillsboro 
and  Chloride  the  number  o  fhands  employed  in 
the  mines  is  steadily  being  increased.  During  the 
past  week  the  mines  at  Hillsboro  have  experienced 
considerable  difficulty  in  securing  miners  to  do  the 
work.  It  is  patent  to  the  observer  that  the  mines  of 
the  Kingston  district  will,  within  a  short  time, 
largely  increase  th-ir  working  force. 

The  Eclipse. — This  mine  is  looking  more  than 
sanguine,  and  Mr,  Renchler,  the  superintendent,  is 
well  pleased  with  the  present  out'ook.  Yesterday  he 
unexpectedly  struck  a  2-foot  vein  of  ore  lying  hori- 
zontally. Upon  assay  he  discovered  that  six  inches 
lying  between  the  lime  and  shale  returned  a  value  of 
300  ounces  silver. 

The  Bonanza-Good  Hope.— This  mine,  which 
has  made  a  good  record  as  a  producer  during  the 
past  year,  and  owned  by  the  Animas  Peak  Mining 
Co.,  has  been  transferred  to  the  Bonanza-Good 
Hope  M.  Co  ,  lately  incorporated  under  the  laws  of 
New  Mexico. 

To  Bedrock. — John  Belcher  and  Mike  Falvey 
are  sinking  a  sbatt  on  Flapjack  Hill,  that  famous 
producer  of  nuggets  and  shot  gold.  They  are 
sinking  this  shall  through  the  contact  with  the  pur- 
pose of  striking  the  original  bedrock,  which  has 
never  been  tested. 

El  Oro. — This  mine  is  in  Dutch  Gulch,  six  miles 
north  of  Hillsboro;  and  development  is  being 
pushed  upon  it  with  vigor.  The  new  forty-horse 
power  hoister  is  now  in  position,  and  the  main 
working  shaft  has  reached  a  depth  of  no  feet.  It 
is  expected  that  this  shaft  will  cut  the  vein  any  day. 

OREGON. 

Sparta. — Cor.  Bedrock  Democrat^  Feb.  6:  The 
little  Pittsburg  mill  will  fire  up  soon.  The  exten- 
sion mine  of  the  Old  Gem,  owned  by  Jack  Davis, 
is  now  down  70  feet,  showing  a  well  defined  20-inch 
pay  streak  the  entire  distance.  The  Union  tunnel, 
being  run  to  develop  the  Gray  E.^gle  and  Union 
mines,  owned  by  Clough  and  Reed,  is  being  pushed 
rapidly  by  Al.  Waldron,  contractor.  Dr.  Marotte 
and  brother  undoubtedly  have  the  bonanza  mine  of 
Eastern  Oregon.  In  the  face  of  their  300-foot  tun- 
nel they  have  three  feet  of  $25  free  gold  ore,  and  in 
the  winze  at  the  260-foot  station,  they  have  four  leet 
of  $40  free  gold  ore,  and  over  100  feet  of  ore  in 
their  stopes. 

Cornucopia. — In  regard  to  the  outlook  of  the 
mines  of  Cornucopia  district,  Mr,  Robert  Kelly 
says:  "  The  people  of  the  Pine  Creek  mines  are 
more  hopeful  that  a  number  of  mining  sales  will  be 
made  this  summer  than  they  have  ever  belore  teen. 
From  a  careful  noting  of  the  camp  1  find  26  mines 
that,  as  far  as  work  has  been  done  on  them, 
give  almost  positive  evidence  of  becoming  dividend- 
paying  properties.  And  there  are  a  legion  of  other 
mines  that  are  in  that  indefinite  condition  that  it 
would  be  too  risky  to  predict  their  future,  but  doubt- 
less a  reasonable  per  cent  of  them  will  also  prove 
to  be  paying  mines.  This  number  of  mines  that 
have  every  prospect  of  becoming  dividend-paying 
properties  will  be  considered  as  an  over-estimate  by 
the  majority  of  mining  men,  but  the  failing  has 
been  that  experts  in  coming  to  examine  the  mines 
have  remained  but  a  few  days,  while  it  would  take 
with  laborious  exertion  at  least  two  weeks  to  exam- 
ine the  district." 

East  Eagle  Creek  Mines.— That  your  readers 
may  form  some  idea  of  the  extent  and  richness  of 
this  camp,  I  will  say  that  the  Sheep  Rock,  Bradley, 
Faithtul  Boy,  Mint  and  several  other  properties  are 
sufficiently  developed  to  show  well  defined  true  fis- 
sures of  sufficient  value  to  warrant  the  early  con- 
struction of  a  plant  wiih  double  the  capacity  of  the 
Sanger  mill,  and  ore  enough  above  the  water  level 
to  run  her  day  and  night  for  years. 

UTAH. 

Park  ^ot^^.— Record,  Feb.  8;  Last  Monday 
the  Nevada-Northland  leasers  caused  an  injunction 
to  be  served  on  the  May  Flower  No.  7  leasers  to  re- 
strain them  from  taking  ore  out  of  the  Northland 
ground  pending  an  adjustment  of  the  difficulties 
existing  between  them.  The  owners  of  the  Gopher 
claim,  located  just  below  the  Woodside,  are  about 
completing  a  sale  of  a  portion  of  their  property  to 
Colorado  capitalists,  who  will  provide  the  wherewith 
to  fully  develop  their  promising  ground.  Sinking 
the  incline  shaft  on  the  Creole  No.  2  still  continues. 
The  shaft  is  now  down  over  100  feet.  The  vein  has, 
within  the  past  week,  changed  its  dip,  and  is  now 
going  into  the  hill  almost  perpendiculariy.  The  in- 
dications are  looking  much  better  as  depth  is  at- 
tained, and  the  leasers  look  for  the  pay  streak  to 
open  out  in  good  proportions  at  any  time.  D.  F. 
Condon  has  given  a  year's  lease  on  the  east  half  of 
the  Creole  mining  claim  at  a  royalty  of  30  per  cent. 
This  lease  puts  the  Creole  on  top  as  regards  the 
amount  of  royalty  being  received  by  any  claim- 
owner  in  the  camp,  as  there  are  two  sets  of  leas- 
ers now  operating  on  this  single  claim — one  on  the 
west  and  one  on  the  east  half— each  paying  a  30 
per  cent  royalty,  which  gives  the  owner  the  unpre- 
cedented amount  of  60  per  cent  of  the  claim's  net 
output. 

Ore  and  Bullion  Shipments.— The  Ontario 
bullion  shipment  for  the  week  was  30  bars,  contain- 
ing 18,026.68  fine  ounces  of  silver.  Gitsch  and 
Campbell,  leasers  of  the  upper  workings  of  the  Cres- 
cent mine,  shipped  48,375  pounds  first-class  ore  this 
week.  During  the  week  the  Mackintosh  sampler 
received  and  forwarded  261,730  pounds  of  May- 
flower, 27,690  pounds  of  Woodside,  300,770  pounds 
of  Ontario,  and  89,250  pounds  of  Daly. 


114 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Feb.  15,  1890 


IQEGHAjMieAL  Progress, 


The  Progress  of  Invention. 

The  earlieBt  and  simplest  forms  of  bronze  ax 
with  which  we  are  acquainted  are  profoundly 
interesting,  as  caetiag  a  flood  of  light  npon  the 
general  process  of  haman  evolution  all  the 
world  over.  Every  new  human  invention  is 
always  at  first  directly  modeled  upon  the  other 
similar  products  which  have  preceded  it. 
There  is  no  really  new  thing  under  the  sun. 
For  example,  the  earliest  Eaglish  railway  car- 
riages were  built  on  the  model  of  the  old  atage- 
ooach,  only  that  three  stage-coaches,  aa  it 
were,  were  telescoped  together,  aide  by  side— 
the  very  first  bore  the  significant  motto,  Tria 
juncta  in  uno — and  it  waa  this  preconception  of 
the  English  coach-builder  that  has  hampered 
us  ever  since  with  our  hateful  "compartmenta," 
ioatead  of  the  commodioua  and  comfortable 
open  American  saloon  carriages. 

So,  too,  the  earliest  firearma  were  modeled  un 
the  stock  of  the  old  croas-bow,  and  the  earliest 
earthenware  pota  and  pans  were  shaped  like 
the  still  more  primitive  gourde  and  calabashes. 
It  need  not  surprise  us,  therefore,  to  find  that 
the  earliest  metal  axea  of  which  we  have  any 
knowledge  were  directly  molded  on  the  orig- 
inal shape  of  the  stone  tomahawk.  Such  a 
copper  hatchet,  cast  in  a  mold,  formed  by  a 
polished  neolithic  stone  celt,  was  found  in  the 
early  Etruscan  tombs,  and  is  still  preserved  in 
the  museum  at  Berlin,  See  how  natural  this 
process  would  be.  For,  in  the  first  place,  the 
primitive  workman,  knowing  already  only  one 
form  of  ax,  the  atone  tomahawk,  would  nat- 
urally reproduce  it  in  the  new  material,  with- 
out  thinking  what  improvement  in  shape  and 
design  the  malleability  and  fusibility  of  the 
metal  would  render  possible  or  easy.  But 
more  than  that,  the  idea  of  coating  the  pol- 
ished stone  ax  with  plastic  clay,  and  thereby 
making  a  mold  for  the  molten  metal,  would  be 
so  very  simple  that  even  the  neolithic  savage, 
already  accustomed  to  the  manufacture  of 
coarse  pottery  upon  natural  shapes,  could  hard- 
ly fail  to  think  of  it.  As  a  matter  of  fact,  he 
did  not  think  of  it;  for  celts  of  bronza  or  cop- 
per, cast  in  molds  made  from  stone  hatchets, 
have  been  found  in  Cyprus  by  General  di  Ces- 
noU,  on  the  site  of  Troy  by  Dr.  Schliemann, 
and  in  many  other  assorted  localities  by  less 
diatinguiahed  but  equally  trustworthy  archseol- 
ogists. 

To  the  neolithic  hunter,  herdsman,  and  vil- 
lager, this  progress  from  the  stone  to  the  metal 
ax  probably  seemed  at  first  a  mere  substitu- 
tion of  an  easier  for  a  more  difficult  material. 
He  little  knew  whither  his  discovery  tended. 
It  waa  pure  human  laziness  that  urged  the 
change.  How  nice  to  &ave  yourself  all  that 
long  trouble  of  chipping  and  polishing,  with 
ceaseless  toil,  in  favor  of  a  stone  which  you 
could  melt  at  one  go  and  pour  while  hot  into  a 
ready-made  mold  t  It  must  have  looked,  by 
comparison,  like  weapon-making  by  magic;  for 
properly  to  out  and  poliah  a  atone  ax  is  the 
work  of  weeks  and  weeks  of  elbow  grease. 
Yet  here,  in  a  moment,  a  better  hatchet  could 
be  turned  out  all  finished. 

Bat  the  implied  effects  lay  deeper  far  than 
the  neolithic  hunter  could  ever  have  imagined. 
The  bronze  ax  was  the  beginning  of  civiliza- 
tion; it  brought  the  steam  engine,  the  tele- 
phone, woman's  rights  and  the  county  coun- 
cillor directly  in  its  train.  With  the  eye  of 
faith,  had  he  only  possessed  that  useful  optical 
organ,  the  stone-age  artisan  might  doubtless 
have  beheld  soap  and  the  deceased  wife's  sis- 
ter looming  dimly  in  the  remote  future.  Till 
that  moment  human  life  had  been  almost  sta- 
tionary; thenceforth  it  proceeded  by  leaps  and 
bounda,  like  a  kangaroo  aociety,  on  its  upward 
path  toward  triumphant  democracy  and  the 
penny  post.  The  nineteenth  century  and  all 
its  wiles  hung  by  a  thread  upon  the  success  of 
his  melting-pot. — Cornhill  Maqazine, 

The  Plate-Glass  Industry. 

The  development  of  the  American  plate-glass 
industry  within  a  very  few  years  has  been  very 
rapid  and  successful,  so  much  so  in  fact  that 
the  home  product  has  driven  the  foreign  out  of 
the  market.  The  demand  for  this  claas  of 
gooda  has  also  increased  of  late,  stimulated  no 
doubt  by  the  low  price  at  which  it  has  been 
offered,  and  which  is  still  sufficiently  high  to 
make  its  manufacture  profitable,  and  all  the 
factories  in  this  country  turning  out  plate-glaas 
are  now  driven  to  their  uttermost  capacity. 
Noting  the  growing  proaperity  of  this  industry, 
and  infiuenced  by  its  future  prospects,  there 
seems  to  be  a  plan  developing  by  capitalists  to 
go  into  its  manufacture  more  exbenaively.  It 
is  also  reported  that  one  at  least  of  the  Eaglish 
companies,  which  are  no  longer  able  to  do  a 
paying  business  in  exporting  their  product,  has 
decided  to  come  to  America  and  put  in  a  plant 
to  compete  with  those  already  established  here. 

The  employment  of  foreign  capital  in  this 
country,  not  only  in  establishing  new,  but  in 
the  purchase  of  plants  already  established,  haa 
been  a  subject  which  has  been  pretty  freely 
discussed  tnrough  the  presa,  and  in  many  oases 
haa  been  carried  to  an  extent  that  haa  caused 
those  not  thoroughly  acquainted  with  the  facta 
and  conditions  thus  brought  about  to  have 
some  apprehensions  of  evil  reaults,  and  to  form 
exaggerated  ideas  of  the  extent  and  oapaoity  of 
these  foreign  inv^stirs. 

As  a  matter  of  fact,  however,  there  is  aot 


the  slightest  ground  for  any  uneasiness,  and 
not  only  this,  but  we  are  inclined  to  think 
that  it  may  be  a  possible  benefit  to  the  coun- 
try in  certain  ways  not  yet  fully  appreciated 
by  those  who  are  so  bitterly  opposed  to  foreign 
capital  investments.  There  is  only  one  thing 
to  be  feared,  and  that  seems  hardly  probable 
at  the  present  time,  and  that  is  the  possibility 
that  this  country  may  declare  for  free  trade. 

In  connection  with  the  manufacture  of  plate 
glass,  the  eatabliahment  here  of  an  EagUah  con- 
cern would  only  tend  to  reduce  the  price  to  the 
consumer  and  consequently  decrease  the  profit 
to  the  manufacturers,  but  this  would  come  aa 
heavily  on  the  foreigners  as  upon  us.  We  have 
all  the  advantages  that  they  have.  If  they  come 
here  they  are  obliged  to  use  the  materials  at 
hand,  which  are  as  readily  obtained  by  their 
competitors,  so  that  it  is  merely  a  matter  of 
competition  between  producers,  with  decided 
advantages  in  favor  of  local  plants. 


SeiENTiFie  Ffiogress. 


Movement  of  the  Iron  Center — There  ap- 
pears to  be  every  indication  that  Pittsburg  will 
soon  cease  to  be  the  great  center  of  iron  pro- 
duction in  this  country.  Alabama  seems  to  be 
rapidly  coming  to  the  front.  The  following 
statistics  are  quite  noticeable  in  this  connec* 
tion.  Alabama  now  haa  44  blaat  furnaces  an'^ 
eight  building,  againat  24  compi^^ted  and  19 
building  in  November,  1SS7.  In  Pannsylvania 
there  are  now  but  230  active  furnaces,  againat 
242  in  condition  to  make  pig  iron  two  years 
ago.  The  cnpaoity  of  Alabama  furnaces  in 
November,  1SS7,  was  428,000  net  tons,  against 
1,277,000  net  tons  November  last  year.  In 
Pennsylvania,  November,  1887.  caoaoity  was 
5  07-3.988  tons,  againat  5,733,588  November, 
1889.  .      '  

The  Briqoette  Making  Industry  iaranidly 
gaining  ground  in  Earope.  In  and  about  Halle, 
in  1875,  there  were  only  25  presses  in  opera- 
tion turning  out  the  produce  of  250  tons  of 
small  coal.  Now,  in  1890,  there  are  65  works, 
with  186  presaes,  which  will  use  up  some 
2,500,000  tons.  Twenty*two  additional  presaes 
have  just  been  pat  in  operation,  making  a  total 
of  208.  A  large  quantity  of  lignite  briquettes 
are  now  being  imported  from  Austria-Hungary. 
This  industry  ia  not  making  as  rapid  progress 
in  this  country  as  its  merits  and  profits  would 
seem  to  require. 


Electric  Doors.  —  The  Tremont  theater, 
Boston,  is  now  fitted  with  electric  doors,  which 
can  be  opened  by  simply  touching  one  of  eight 
push-buttons  sitnated  in  convenient  places  in 
the  theater.  On  the  slightest  alarm  17  sets  of 
folding  doo^  are  immediately  and  simul- 
taneously thrown  open  by  the  electric  circuit, 
doing  away,  in  a  large  measure,  with  the 
danger  of  being  trampled  to  death  in  cases  of 
panic. 

The  Longest  Light  Circuit. — An  inoan- 
deactiut  light  company  at  Ottawa  is  now  work- 
ing a  circuit  45  miles  in  length.  This  ia  be- 
lieved to  be  the  longest  incandeaoent  circuit  in 
the  world,  and  it  is  questionable  whether  it  ia 
approached  by  an  arc  circuit.  It  is  certainly  a 
remarkable  instance  of  fiextbility  of  ayatem 
and  of  the  delivery  of  the  electrical  current  at 
an  extremely  remote  point. 


Two  Uses  of  Common  Salt. — Among  the 
many  uaes  of  common  salt  may  be  mentioned 
two  which  admit  of  frequent  application.  Salt 
put  in  water  which  surrounds  the  ordinary 
glue-pot  causea  a  hotter  glue  to  be  obtained 
than  where  simple  water  is  used.  Salt  in  the 
water  where  maaon*work  ia  beiug  done  in  cold 
weather  preventa  disintegration  by  frost. 


Electricity  from  the  Wind. — The  storage 
battery  harueesbd  to  tne  winamtll  is  sure  to  be- 
come of  great  service  in  driving  the  machinery 
of  future  generations.  Before  very  long  more 
attention  will  have  to  be  given  to  the  yoking 
of  the  winda,  waves  and  tides  to  the  driving- 
shafts  of  our  industrial  works  to  supplement 
the  storage  reservoirs  of  the  coal  mines. 


Machines  for  Packing  Matches  have  re- 
cently been  tried  wich  encouraging  reaults. 
One  machine,  the  invention  of  two  young  Nor- 
wegian engineers,  has  a  packing  capacity  of 
1000  boxes  per  minute.  Ingenious  machines 
for  the  various  operations  in  the  match  manu- 
facture have  been  in  use  in  Scandinavia  for 
some  time,  and  more  are  expected. 


Rigidity  in  Bbidge  Work. — The  gradual 
failure  of  a  cast-iron  bridge  erected  about  45 
years  ago  at  Potsdam,  Pa.,  has  been  the  cause 
of  considerable  scientific  inquiry.  The  con- 
clusion arrived  at  is  that  the  bridge  members 
were  too  rigidly  connected,  no  adequate  allow- 
ance being  made  for  eflfecba  of  varying  tem- 
perature. 

A  Durable  Joint,  and  one  that  will  be  per- 
manent, can,  it  is  said,  be  made  between  rough 
cast-iron  surfaces  by  the  use  of  mineral  asbes- 
tos mixed  with  sufficient  white  lead  to  make  a 
very  stiff  putty.  This  will  resist  any  amount 
of  heat,  and  ia  unaffected  by  steam  or  water. 


Comparative  Cost. — The  hydrocarbon  proc 
ess  of  treating  iron  ao  that  it  will  not  corrode 
is  said  to  cost  less  than  one-half  of  that  of  gal- 
vanizing, while  the  durability,  under  similar 
conditioDBi  ia  considerably  extended. 


Air  in  Water. 

The  Locomotive  says  that  the  purest  water 
often  ia  the  most  active  in  corroding  and  pit- 
ting plates,  and  thia  makes  it  probable  that  the 
active  substance,  in  some  cases  at  least,  ia  air. 
It  is  well  known  that  water  la  capable  of  dis* 
solving  a  considerable  amount  of  air;  in  fact,  it 
ia  this  disaolved  air  that  enables  fish  to  breathe. 
It  ia  not  so  widely  known,  however,  that  the 
oxygen  of  the  air  is  more  soluble  than  the 
nitrogen.  If  a  small  quantity  of  water  be 
shaken  up  in  a  bottle,  it  dissolves  some  of  the 
inclosed  air,  and  when  this  is  afterward  driven 
off  by  boiling  and  analyzed,  it  is  found  to  con- 
sist of  oxygen  and  nitrogen  in  the  proportion  of 
1  to  1.87,  instead  of  1  to  4,  as  in  the  natural 
air.  Thus  the  dissolved  air,  being  more  than 
twice  as  rich  in  oxygen  as  common  air  is,  and 
being  bronght  into  more  intimate  contact  with 
the  metal  by  meana  of  the  water  that  holds  it 
in  solution,  exerts  a  correspondingly  more  no- 
ticeable effect. 

It  is  probable,  too,  that  water  plays  some 
other  important  action  in  connection  with  the 
oxidation  of  metals,  for  it  haa  been  found  by 
recent  experiments  that  pure  oxygen  will  not 
combine  with  things  that  it  has  the  greatest 
affinity  for,  provided  it  is  perfectly  dry.  Ev^en 
the  metal  sodium,  which  haa  an  intense  affinity 
for  oxygen,  may  be  heated  in  it  to  a  very  high 
temperature  without  combination,  provided 
sufficient  precautions  are  taken  to  exclude  the 
alightest  trace  of  moisture.  It  appears,  there- 
fore, that  water  plays  a  moat  important  part  in 
the  oxidation  of  metals  by  air — a  part,  indeed, 
that  we  cannot  explain,  and  that  we  really 
know  but  little  about. 

Iq  thig  connection  we  would  recall  a  fact  which  seems 
of  late  to  have  been  largely  lost  si^ht  of,  but  which  was 
fully  proven  to  be  a  fact  some  25  years  ago — to  the  effect 
that  a  person  may  descend  in  a  diving-bell  without  any 
air-tube  and  remain  thus  submerged  for  hours,  without 
receiving  any  air  from  the  surface — the  needed  air  being 
supplied  by  repeated  jets  of  water  distributed  through 
the  chamber  of  the  bell  by  meana  of  a  very  fine  sprink- 
ler connected  by  a  pipe  and  cut-oS  cock  with  the  out- 
side sea-water.  The  watei  thus  introduced  in  a  fine  spray, 
parted  with  the  air  which  it  always  holds  in  solution,  in 
quantities  sutBcient  to  meet  all  the  wants  of  the  occu- 
pants of  the  bell.  It  also  absorbed  or  washed  away  the 
carbonic  acid  gas  generated  by  the  breaths  of  the  occu- 
pants. The  water  was  introduced  at  intervals  of  10  or 
12  minutes,  and  was  allowed  to  spray  for  some  two  min- 
utes at  each  Interval.  The  query  was  that  so  small  & 
quantity  of  water  was  required.  It  was  then  supposed 
that  the  air  thus  inclosed  contained  only  the  same  pro- 
portion'of  oxygen  as  was  found  In  the  ordinary  atmos- 
phere. The  experiments  above  recorded  furnish  a  solu- 
tion of  the  query.  About  that  time  a  submarine  boat 
was  also  constructed  and  navigated  under  water,  as  an 
experiment,  the  occupintg  supplying  themselves  with 
air  in  the  same  way  as  did  the  occupants  of  the  diving- 
bell.  All  later  submarine  boats  have  been  supplied  with 
condensed  air.  We  have  seen  no  reference  to  any  fur- 
ther experimentH  of  auch  a  nature  for  the  last  20  years 
ormo'e.  Has  their  knowledge  been  forgotten  or  over- 
looked by  engineers,  or  are  they  considered  unsuitad  for 
practicikl  application  ? 


The  Bee's  Sting  a  LTseful  Tool. 

A  new  champion  has  arisen  to  defend  the 
houey  bee  from  the  obloquy  under  which  it  has 
always  rested.  Mr.  William  F.  Clarke  of  Can- 
ada claims  to  have  discovered  from  repeated 
observations  that  the  most  important  function 
of  the  bee's  sting  is  not  stinging.  In  a  recent 
article  he  says:  "M7 observations  and  reflec- 
tions have  convinced  me  that  the  most  impor- 
tant office  of  the  bee  sting  is  that  which  is  per- 
formed in  doing  the  artistic  cell  work,  capping 
the  comb,  and  infusing  the  formic  acid,  by 
means  of  which  honey  receives  its  keeping 
qualities.  As  I  said  at  Detroit,  the  sting  is 
really  a  skillfully-contrived  little  trowel,  with 
which  the  bee  finishes  off  and  caps  the  cells 
when  they  are  filled  brimful  of  honey.  This 
explains  why  honey  extracted  before  it  is 
capped  over  does  not  keep  well.  The  formic 
acid  has  not  been  inj  acted  into  it.  This  is  done 
in  the  very  act  of  putting  the  last  touches  on 
the  cell  work.  As  the  little  pliant  trowel  is 
worked  to  and  fro  with  such  dexterity,  the 
darts,  of  which  there  are  two,  pierce  the  plas- 
tic cell  surface  and  leave  the  nectar  beneath  ita 
tiny  drops  of  the  fluid  which  makes  it  keep  well. 
This  is  the  '  art  preservative'  of  honey.  A  most 
wonderful  provision  of  nature,  truly  !  Hertio 
we  see  that  the  sting  and  the  poison  bag,  with 
which  so  many  of  ua  would  like  to  dispense, 
are  essential  to  the  storage  of  our  coveted 
product,  and  that  without  them  the  beautiful 
comb  honey  of  commerce  would  be  a  thing  un- 
known," 

If  these  things  are  so,  how  miataken  those 
people  are  who  suppose  the  bee  is,  like  the 
prince  of  evil,  always  going  about  prowling  in 
aearch  of  a  victim.  The  fact  is  that  the  bee  at- 
tends to  its  own  buaineaa  very  diligently,  and 
has  no  time  to  waste  in  unnecessary  quarrels. 
A  bee  is  like  a  farmer  working  with  a  fork  in 
hia  hay-field.  He  ia  fully  occupied  and  very 
buay.  If  molested  or  meddled  with,  he  will  be 
very  apt  to  defend  himself  with  the  instrument 
he  is  working  with.  This  is  what  the  bee 
does;  and  man,  by  means  of  hia  knowledge  of 
the  nature  and  habits  of  this  wonderful  little 
insect,  ia, enabled,  in  most  oases,  to  ward  off  or 
evade  attack.— Scien^^c  American. 


The  Latest  from  Edison. 

A  recent  telegraphic  dispatch  to  the  Chron- 
icle describes  a  new  device  just  announced  by 
Mr.  Edison,  which  oonaiata  of  a  combination  of 
the  phonograph  and  camera  by  which  a  speaker, 
in  full  action  and  gesticulation  before  the  com- 
bined instrument,  may  have  his  speech  oon> 
veyed  by  the  phonograph,  while  the  camera 
conveys  his  bodily  presence,  aotion  and  gesticu- 
lation to  a  distant  quarter,  where  it  is  repro- 
duced and  shown  upon  a  screen.  The  idea 
was  suggested  to  Mr.  Edison  that  if  a  rifle-ball 
could  be  so  photographed  as  to  show  the  bullet 
aa  if  at  rest  in  its  swift  passage,  with  the  con- 
densation of  air  in  its  front,  a  vacuum  behind 
and  air  eddies  in  its  course,  It  would  be  possi- 
ble to  photograph  a  speaker  as  many  times  in  a 
second  aa  would  be  required  to  keep  him  in  all 
his  motions  directly  before  the  eyes  of  an 
audience,  the  successive  photographs  being  con- 
veyei.1,  as  rapidly  as  prodnced,  upon  a  distant 
screen.  The  olose  of  the  dispatch  reads  as  fol- 
lows : 

He  thought  that  if  a  speaker's  personality 
could  be  brought  before  the  eye  by  means  of 
photography  and  a  stereopticon  while  the 
phonograph  was  bringing  the  subject-matter  be- 
fore the  ear,  an  important  end  would  be  gained, 
and  to  accomplish  this,  experiments  were  plan- 
ned and  carried  out. 

The  result  haa  been  a  marvelous  snoceBS. 
Imagine  a  popular  lecturer,  preacher  or  orator 
delivering  an  address.  In  front  of  him,  at  a  so- 
called  reporter's  table,  are  two  small  machines, 
one  the  well-known  phonograph  and  the  other 
an  ingenious  piece  of  mechanism  by  which  pho- 
tographs of  the  speaker  are  taken  in  sucoession 
with  enormous  rapidity  at  intervals  of  from 
onf-eighth  to  one-twentieth  of  a  second. 

And  suppose  both  of  these  maohinea  are  at 
work  ailentiy  recording  both  the  uttered  speech 
and  the  personal  appearance  of  the  speaker. 
The  results  thus  obtained  may  be  sent  to  any 
desired  point  and  thrown  on  a  screen  by  an  in- 
geniously contrived  piece  of  mecbaniam.  Thus 
the  exact  appearance  of  a  speaker,  with  all  bis 
geaturea  and  playa  of  featurea,  are  exactly  re- 
produced, while  the  phonograph  simultaneously 
delivers  his  speech. 

The  interval  between  succeaaive  photographs 
ia  so  infinitesimal  that  even  the  picture  is  an 
apparently  living  one,  moving,  gesticulating 
and  uttering  words  in  fact  spoken  by  the  phono- 
graph, Thn  greatest  difficulty  experienced  by 
Edison  In  hia  experiments  was  the  aynchron- 
izition  of  the  two  instruments  so  that  the  utter- 
ances of  the  phonograph  should  exactly  coincide 
with  thegeaticulation,  but  this  was  fiDally  over- 
come and  the  experiments  were  crowned  with 
the  moat  perfect  success. 

Edison  is  not  pushing  the  matter  at  present, 
being  absorbed  in  bis  exp'=<rtments  on  efeotrical 
traction  for  street  cars.  When  that  problem  is 
decided  he  may  bring  this  new  invention  prom- 
inently before  the  public. 

Sulphate  of  Copper.— Dr.  Farnies  of  Paris 
has  recently  been  making  some  curious  experi- 
menta  with  sulphate  of  copper,  which  he  has 
announced  to  bis  colleagues  of  the  Academy  of 
Medicine.  The  hands  of  a  young  woman,  on 
whom  the  experiments  have  been  made,  be- 
came not  merely  wrinkled  and  cracked  after  be- 
ing immersed  in  a  solution  of  sulphate  of  cop- 
per, but  swelled  out  in  a  peculiar  fashion. 
Though  her  sense  of  touch  remained  unim- 
paired, the  flesh  became  insensible  to  the 
pricks  of  a  needle  or  the  cuts  of  any  sharp  in- 
strument. Dr.  Farnies'  experiments  also 
proved  once  again  that  salts  of  copper  do  not 
posaeas  the  poisonous  properties  formerly  at- 
tributed to  them.  This  advance  nf  science  can 
scarcely  benefit  the  herborist  Moreaux,  who 
was  guillotined  for  having  poisoned  his  wife 
with  the  salts  in  question. 

The  Telephone. — We  have  cited  several 
instances  in  these  columns  where  the  telephone 
and  telegraph  have  been  quite  fully  fore- 
shadowed many  years  ago.  Perhaps  there  is 
no  more  remarkable  case  thnn  the  following  : 
In  lt)67  Robert  Hooke  of  London  described 
how  he  transmitted  sound  by  means  of  a  wire 
to  considerable  distances.  Wheatstone  de- 
scribed his  **  telephone  "as  early  as  1821,  and  in 
1S54  Ch.  Bouraeul  said :  *'  Suppose  a  man 
speaks  near  a  movable  disk,  sufficiently  pliable 
to  loae  none  of  the  vibrations  of  the  voice,  that 
this  disk  alternately  makes  and  breaks  the 
currents  from  an  electric  battery,  you  may 
have  at  any  distance  another  disk  which  will 
simultaneoualy  execute  the  same  vibrations.  It 
ia  certain  that  in  a  more  or  lesa  diatant  future, 
apeech  will  be  transmitted  by  electricity." 

The  Modern  Idea  of  a  Dragon  quite 
closely  agreea  with  a  prehistoric  animal  which 
haa  recently  been  found  by  Frofeseor  Marah  in 
a  foaail  condition  in  the  upper  oretacean  depoa* 
ita,  along  the  eastern  slope  of  the  Rocky  mount- 
ains. The  larger  skeletons,  aa  found  in  parts, 
indicate  the  former  existence  of  an  animal 
larger  than  any  now  found  living — the  skull 
being  over  eight  feet  in  length,  A  striking 
feature  of  the  skull  is  its  armature,  which  con- 
sisted of  a  sharp  beak  in  front,  a  strong  bom 
on  the  nose,  a  pair  of  very  long  pointed  horns 
on  top  of  the  head,  and  a  row  of  sharp  projec- 
tions around  the  margin  of  the  posterior  crest. 
The  animal  must  have  been  not  only  a  horrible- 
looking  but  a  most  powerful  creature. 

A  Vegetable  Flannel  is  made  in  Germany 
of  fine  leaves,  which  are  spun,  knitted  and 
woven  into  nndergarments,  etc. 


Feb.  15,  1890,] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


115 


EOOD  HEj^LTH, 


A  Labor  Fallacy. 

NotwitbBtandJDg  frequent  aaaertiono  to  the 
coDtrary,  pbysioal  toil  id  far  more  wearing  and 
waating  to  the  human  eyatem  than  the  aame 
amount  of  mental  exertion. 

In  the  diaouBsion  of  the  eight-hour  ayatem  of 
labor,  it  is  an  argument  of  tbe  capitalinta  that 
mental  labor  ia  mnob  more  exhauative  than 
pbyaioal  labor.  The  responaibilitiea  that  at- 
tach to  poaitiona  o(  treat,  the  atresa  of  the 
mental  strain,  the  oarea  and  anxietiee  and  vexa- 
tion  involved,  are  all  magnided  by  the  opponenta 
of  the  eight-hour  eyatem.  Their  aim  ia  to 
prove  that  mental  laborera  have  a  maoh  harder 
time  of  it  now  than  the  manual  workera,  and 
hence  that  their  demand  for  the  reduotion  of 
the  houra  of  labor  ia  an  anjost  one. 

But  it  ia  indubitably  proven  by  experience 
that  there  ia  nothing  ao  oneroua  and,  in  faot, 
unendurable  to  men  aa  hard,  phyaical  labor. 
It  ia  the  one  unmitigated  evil  whiuh  all  men  try 
to  escape.  Pure  pbyaioal  exertion,  without 
any  mixture  of  mental  effort,  la  painful  and  dis- 
tasteful to  everybody.  No  man  will  dig  a  hole 
in  the  ground  for  the  fun  of  the  thing.  There 
in  no  sport  in  picking  rooks  or  digging  Bowers. 
\\''ork  is  pleasant  when  it  is  mixed  with  brains, 
and  all  other  kinda  of  work  are  a  burden. 

Congenial  mental  labor,  on  the  other  hand,  is 
delightful.  A  man  who  baa  found  such  con- 
genial work  ia  asBared  of  a  lifetime  of  pleasant 
and  absorbing  occupation.  If  snob  a  man 
works  too  hard,  it  ia  simply  because  be  ia  so  in- 
fatuated with  his  work  that  his  enthusiaem 
gets  the  better  of  his  judgment. 

Responsibilittea  which  attach  to  positions  of 
trust  are  much  exaggerated.  Responsibilities 
never  maoh  worry  a  man  who  is  competent  to 
till  the  position  he  occupies.  They  add  a  zest 
nad  spice,  and  give  inspiration  to  his  work. 
For  such  a  man  there  are  no  orushingly  heavy 
responsibilities. 

The  statement  that  mental  labor  ia  aa  hard  or 
harder  than  physical  labor  ia  a  fallacy  that  Ib 
disproved  by  the  universal  experience  of  man- 
kind.— Boston  Qlohe. 


Ous  Houses  anu  Fatal  '•  Colds."— An  En- 
glishman's house  ia  his  oastle,  and  when  we  ap- 
proach it  in  a  spirit  of  oritioiflm,  we  enter  upon 
dangerouB  ground,  says  the  Decorator's  Oazette, 
We  do  not  doubt,  nevertheless,  that  many  of 
the  *'  colds  "  which  have  been  fatal  have  been 
caught  at  home,  and  have  been  due  to  a  style 
of  domestic  architecture,  ventilation  and  warm- 
ing, which  are  adapted  neither  toheat  nor  cold, 
and  are  equally  incapable  of  resisting  either. 
A  well-ligbted  stairoase,  with  gas-burners  on 
the  different  landings,  with  a  wide  chink  under 
the  front  door,  and  surrounded  by  rooms  with 
good  fires  and  badly  fitted  doors  and  windows, 
is  as  ingenious  an  apparatus  as  could  be  con- 
trived for  subjecting  the  inhabitants  to  all  the 
evils  which  vicissitudes  of  climate  can  produce. 
A  person  who  goes  out  of  doors  feela  that  he  is 
about  to  encounter  something,  and  braces  bim- 
aelf  in  a  manner  whioh  renders  the  aasault  com- 
paratively harmless.  A  person  who  comes 
from  a  drawing-room  to  a  staircase  has  not  this 
feeling,  and  steps  into  a  cold  bath  without 
warning  or  forethought.  The  difference  is  one 
of  high  importance,  because  a  chill  for  which 
the  system  is  unprepared  drives  back  the  blood 
from  the  surface  npon  the  internal  organs,  and 
may  inflict  upon  them  sudden  and  serious  in- 
jury; whereas,  when  the  chill  is  expected,  the 
neart  is  ready  to  aesist  it,  and  to  maintain  the 
circulation  with  corresponding  increase  of  force. 
The  path  of  safety  lies  in  the  avoidance  of 
great  contrasts,  in  such  arrangement  of  stoves 
and  fireplaces  as  may  produce  an  approach  to 
equality  of  temperature  in  the  house,  in  the 
substitution  of  intended  and  properly  placed  in- 
lets for  the  present  system  of  crevice  ventila- 
tion, and  in  the  management  of  these  inlets  so 
that  the  entering  air  may  be  warmed  when 
warming  ia  expedient.  The  truth  of  these 
matters,  simple  though  they  are,  and  almost 
fussy  as  it  may  seem  to  insist  upon  them,  in- 
volves the  issues  of  life  and  death  to  many  of 
the  most  useful  and  most  valued  members  of 
the  community. 

Fainting. — If  it  were  not  a  serious  matter. 
nothing  could  be  more  amuBing  to  the  experi- 
enced phyaician  than  the  conduct  of  the  average 
layman  when  a  person  may  have  fainted.  Nine 
times  out  of  ten  the  anxious  spectator  will 
seize  the  head  of  the  unfortunate,  elevate  it, 
and  rush  for  water  -with  which  to  sprinkle  the 
prostrate  patient.  What  should  one  do  ?  Whyj 
remain  perfectly  cool,  and  instead  of  raising  the 
head  of  the  patient,  do  just  the  opposite- 
lower  it  and  elevate  the  rest  of  the  body. 
Fainting,  or  syncope,  as  it  is  called  in  medical 
works,  is  a  temporary  failure  of  the  heart  by 
which  the  brain  is  deprived  of  its  arterial  blood, 
So  by  lowering  the  head  and  elevating  the  rest 
of  the  body,  the  arterial  blood,  by  the  force  of 
gravity,  is  sent  to  the  brain,  and  recovery  is 
almost  instantaneous. 


Useful  Inforjviatio>. 


Manufactdbe  of  Japanssk  Lacqukr. — The 
manufacture  of  Japaoeee  lacquer  has  until  late* 
ly  been  quite  an  enigma.  But  Mr.  Romyn 
Hitchcock  described  recently  to  the  Washing- 
ton Chemical  Society  the  manner  in  which  tbia 
lacquer  and  the  beautiful  Wakasa  ware  are  pre- 
pared. Lacquer  ia  obtained  from  a  tree,  Hhua 
Vernici/era^  which  grows  throughont  the  main 
island  of  Japan,  but  ia  beat  around  Kioto.  The 
juice  from  which  lacqner  ia  obtained  exudea 
from  horiz'total  cuta  in  the  bark,  and  ia  collect- 
ed from  May  to  October.  It  exudea  alowly, 
and  ia  collected  with  a  pointed  instrument  like 
a  spoon,  and  transferred  to  a  wooden  recepta- 
cle. A  dozen  trees  are  cut  in  aeveral  places  in 
rapid  succession,  and  the  juice  oolleoted  from 
time  to  time.  During  the  season  each  tree  is  vis- 
ited about  20  times.  As  the  sap  firnt  exudea  it 
is  a  grayish-white  thick  or  viscoua  fluid,  which 
quickly  turns  to  yellow,  and  afterward  to 
black,  when  it  ia  in  contact  with  the  air.  It  is 
strained  through  a  cotton  cloth  to  free  it  from 
wood  and  dirt,  being  first  thoroughly  atirred 
to  make  it  of  uniform  consistency.  A  portion 
of  the  raw  lacquer,  usually  about  16  pounds,  is 
then  poured  into  a  large  oircutar  vessel  and 
vigorously  stirred  with  a  long-handled  imple- 
ment for  five  or  six  hours,  while  the  heat  of  a 
email  charcoal  furnace  is  ingeniously  thrown 
on  the  surface  to  evaporate  the  water.  During 
the  stirring,  certain  ingredients  may  be  added. 
Thus,  iron  ia  added  to  produce  the  fine  black 
lacqner.  In  Tokio,  a  soluble  salt  of  iron  is 
used  for  this  purpose;  in  Osaka,  a  fine  iron 
dust.  The  lacquer  is  then  poured  into  a  vessel 
to  settle,  and  is  afterward  drawn  off  from  the 
sediment. 

CocoANUT  Bdtter. — In  the  last  Consular  re- 
ports published  by  the  State  Department  there 
is  an  Interesting  aooonnt  by  CharlesJMonagban, 
of  Mannheim,  of  coooanut  butter,  a  fatty  sub- 
stitute for  butter  which  is  now  displacing  oleo- 
margarine and  genuine  butter  in  Germany.  The 
practicability  of  making  a  substitute  for  butter 
from  the  meat  of  the  oocoannt  was  discovered 
by  Dr.  Sohlunk,  ohemiBt  of  Ludwigshafen.  It 
has  been  manufactured  for  a  ^'ear  at  Mann- 
heim. The  daily  production  is  3000  kilograms 
of  butter,  which  sells  at  from  13  cents  to  15^ 
cents  per  pound.  With  real  butter  at  from  25 
cents  to  35  cents  a  ponnd,  the  oocoannt  imita- 
tion grows  (rapidly  in  the  public  estimation. 
It  is  of  a  clear  color  and  agreeable  to  the  taste. 
The  poor  u&e  it  on  their  tables  in  place  of  the 
genuine  article,  but  those  able  to  be  fastidious 
use  it  chiefly  for  cooking  purposes.  It  is  free 
from  the  acids  so  often  found  in  real  butter, 
and  is  more  wholesome.  As  it  is  free  from  the 
suspicion  that  attends  butter  made  from  the 
milk  of  cows  affected  with  tuberouloeia,  it  is 
much  to  be  preferred  to  some  kinds  of  butter  in 
the  market. — Baltimore  Sun, 


Remedy  fob  Peksfieing  Feet. — For  feet 
that  perspire  and  with  a  disagreeable  odor,  the 
following  is  said  to  be  an  excellent  remedy:  To 
a  paii  of  cold  water  add  about  a  teaspoonful  of 
permanganate  of  potassium,  bathe  the  feet  in 
this  two  or  three  timea  a  day,  changing  the 
socks  each  time,  and  put  some  boraoio  acid 
(powdered)  into  the  sooka  and  boots  before  put- 
ting them  on. 


Why  They  Do  It. — Every  one  has  noticed 
that  builders  aa  soon  aa  they  put  in  the  glass, 
eapecially  in  the  tower  atory  of  atruoturea, 
daub  a  large  quantity  of  whiting  upon  the  in- 
ner  side  of  the  glass.  To  moat  observers  the 
act  ia  no  doubt  regarded  aa  a  very  silly  thing 
to  do,  but  such  is  not  the  case.  There  ia  a 
good  reason  for  the  act.  A  Chicago  reporter 
recently  interviewed  a  contractor  on  this  point 
and  received  the  following  explanation  :  "  We 
have  to  mark  them  that  way  or  they'd  be 
smashed  in  no  time.  You  see,  the  workmen 
around  a  new  building  get  in  the  custom  of 
shoving  lumber,  etc.,  through  the  open  sash 
before  the  glass  is  put  in.  They  would  continue 
to  do  it  even  after  the  glass  is  in  if  we  didn't 
do  something  to  attract  tbeir  attention.  That's 
the  reason  you  always  see  new  windows  daubed 
with  glaring  white  marks.  Even  if  a  careless 
workman  does  start  to  shove  a  stick  of  timber 
through  a  costly  plate  of  glass,  he  will  stop 
short  when  his  eye  catches  the  danger  sign. 
That  white  mark  is  just  a  signal  which  says, 
'Look  out;  you'll  break  me  if  you  are  not  care- 
ful.'" 

The  Milk  Pipe  Company,  which  has  re- 
oentlv  been  termed  in  New  York  with  a  capital 
of  $600,000,  will  moat  likely  be  soon  put  under 
way.  The  milk  is  not  piped  as  a  fiaid  in  the 
pipe,  as  was  first  supposed,  but  inclosed  in 
large  cylindrical  cans,  surrounded  by  water, 
which  propels  them.  The  system  is  ingeniously 
worked  out,  and  seems  to  have  elements  of 
promise  in  it.  It  is  claimed  by  the  company 
that  it  will  be  able  to  deliver  milk  in  New 
York  from  a  distance  of  100  miles  for  one  cent 
per  gallon  freight. 

Absence  of  Pish  in  the  Yellowstone 
Park. — Although  the  Yellowstone  Park  is  full 
of  springs  and  Btreams,  they  contain  no  fish. 
This  is  explained  by  the  abundance  of  lava, 
which  obliterated  life  when  it  waa  forced  out, 
and  has  since  kept  the  fishes  out  by  the  fact 
that  the  lava  has  produced  a  waterfall  in  every 
atream, 

Teakwood  a  Preservative  of  Iron. — It  is 
said  that  there  is  a  great  increase  in  the  con- 
sumption of  African  teakwood,  on  account  of 
its  property  of  preserving  from  rust  iron  or 
steel  that   is  in  contact  with  it. 


"?LECTFjGITY. 


Germany's  floating  exhibition  will  visit  80 
ports  on  its  world's  trip.  It  is  a  much  grander 
affair  than  our  "  Oalifornia  on  Wheels." 


In  Sweden  a  new  elevator  loads  a  2500-ton 
vesael  with  iron  ore  in  a  day. 


What  is  Electricity? 

No  one  ever  saw  a  current  of  electrioity,  and 
to  the  Ignorant  it  is  an  intangible  something 
whioh  we  know  exints  all  around  ua,  and  which, 
if  we  don't  take  care,  will  shook  or  even  kill 
us.  What  do  we  know  about  it?  Next  to 
Doi^hiog  I  i^ow,  then,  aake  the  American  Ma- 
chilli/it,  can  we  deal  with  a  force  we  know  noth- 
ing about  ?  Science  ia  syatematized  knowledge; 
the  soienoe  of  electricity  is  systematized  facts  re- 
garding Its  manifestations  under  different  con- 
ditions. From  these  facts  certain  laws  have 
been  deduced,  and  by  properly  comprehending 
and  applying  them,  we  are  enabled  to  bring,  in 
a  measure,  electric  force  under  the  control  of 
man.  For  all  practical  purposes,  a  ouirent  of 
electricity  (we  have  to  deal  almost  exclusively 
with  electricity  aa  a  current)  may  be  considered 
aa  a  mode  of  motion,  a  lorce  which,  when 
tranamitted  through  appropriate  apparatus, 
will  do  work,  mechanical  and  chemical — evi- 
denced as  heat,  light  and  power. 

It  is  somewhat  difficult  to  comprehend  an  in- 
tangible force;  the  power  to  do  work  by  the 
aid  of  ateam  from  a  boiler  or  by  a  suapended 
weight,  or  coiled  spring  can  readily  be  under- 
stood. We  see,  ao  to  speak,  the  power,  and 
we  know  we  can  supply  It,  but  with  electricity 
it  is  different.  A  dynamo-eleotrio  machine  at 
rest  is  simply  a  mass  of  iron  and  wire.  Where 
does  the  power  come  from  to  produce  such  mira- 
culous results  ?  A  steam  boiler  consumsB  coal 
In  its  furnace,  beats  the  water  and  makes 
steam.  The  spring  and  weight  must  be  wound 
up  and  energy  expended.  Here  we  have  the 
analogy.  To  generate  currents  we  must  ex- 
pend energy;  we  muat  nae  steam  through  a 
ateam  engine  to  obtain  the  power  to  operate 
the  dynamo.  But  why  should  the  rotation  of 
the  armature  of  the  dynamo  generate  electrio- 
ity 1  No  one  knowa  1  All  we  know  ia  that  snch 
is  the  faot,  and  that  for  a  given  expenditure  of 
energy — coal,  steam  engine,  energy — we  get 
back  a  certain  percentage  of  electric  energy  in 
the  form  of  a  current.  The  proportion  of  con- 
version of  dynamic  into  electric  energy  de- 
pends upon  the  construction  of  the  transmit- 
ting machine — just  as  some  steam  engines  will 
give  a  higher  efficiency  for  a  given  expenditure 
of  steam  than  others. 

Electricity  is  merely  a  mode  of  motion  ;  but 
there  can  be  no  motion  without  a  previous  ex- 
penditure of  energy  of  Bome  sort.  The  energy 
expended  is  the  power  of  the  steam  engine.  It 
rotates  the  dynamo  and  sets  the  electric  cur- 
rent in  motion.  The  current  can  never  have 
the  same  power  to  do  work  as  the  steam  engine, 
as  a  certain  amount  of  energy  is  wasted  in  trans- 
mission, making  itself  evident  as  heat.  To 
make  this  plain — suppose  a  lOhorae  power  en- 
gine is  used  to  drive  a  dynamo,  and  the  elec- 
trical efficiency  of  the  dynamo  is  85  per  cent — 
that  is,  for  an  expenditure  of  lO-horse  power  of 
dynamic  energy,  we  have  a  return  of  8.5-hor6e 
power  of  electrical  energy,  1  5-horae  power  be- 
ing lost  in  transmission  through  the  apparatus. 

Electrical  Tanning. 

Since  the  daya  when  Adam  made  bia  firat 
leather  sandals,  the  process  of  tanning  appears 
to  have  been  carried  on  aa  if  no  art  was  re- 
quired. The  truth  is  that  the  work  is  ao  com- 
paratively simple  that  a  man  from  the  plow 
with  a  few  days'  instruction  would  pass  muster 
as  a  tanner.  And  so  the  trade  has  been  con- 
tent to  jog  along,  being  fortified  by  the  practi- 
cal trutbef  the  fact  that  "There's  nothing  like 
leather."  Not  but  what  there  have  been  at- 
tempts to  improve  the  process  of  tanning,  nota- 
bly by  the  aid  of  chemistry,  but  the  results 
appear  to  have  come  out  the  wrong  way  for 
both  the  inventor  and  the  trade.  The  exclu- 
siveness  of  the  tanner  has,  however,  been  suc- 
cessfully intruded  upon  by  that  latest  develop- 
ment of  science — electricity.  This  aucceaaful 
intrusion  has  been  effected  by  the  electrical 
tanning  proceas  of  L.  A,  Groth  of  London, 
which  our  London  ootemporary  Iron  recently 
inspected  in  operation  at  the  tannery  of  Teb- 
bitt  Brothers,  Bermondsey, 

In  order  to  realize  the  benefits  tbia  new  proc- 
ess  promises  to  confer  on  the  trade,  we  may  ob- 
serve, says  Iron,  that  ordinarily  the  green  hides 
are  steeped  successively  in  pits  containing  tan- 
ning liquor  of  varying  quality,  weak  at  first, 
but  gradually  increasing  in  strength.  This 
steeping  process  occupies,  on  the  whole,  from 
three  to  four  months,  and  rf  quires  a  large  num- 
ber of  pits.  By  the  aid  of  Mr.  Groth's  process, 
however,  the  time  required  for  steeping  has 
been  reduced  from  months  to  weeks. 

The  apparatus  used  in  the  new  system  is 
very  simple,  consisting  only  of  a  circular  tank 
within  whioh  is  a  framework  of  wood  on  which 
the  hides  to  be  tanned  are  atretched.  The 
tank  is  filled  with  tan  liquor,  which  is  kept 
warm,  and  the  frame  with  the  hides  is  caused 
to  revolve  at  a  moderate  speed  to  keep  up  the 
necessary  agitation.  In  the  ordinary  ayatem 
this  agitation  is  performed  at  intervals  by  hand. 
A  current  of  electricity  is  conducted  to  the 
tank,  the  two  poles  from  the  dynamo  entering 
it  from  opposite  sides.  By  means  of  internal 
conductors  the  current  is  passed  through  the 
tanning  liquor,  and  acting  upon  the  hidea,  the 
process  of  tanning  ia  greatly  quickened.  The 
time  occupied  in  treating  the  hides  is  two 
weeks,  as  against  the  three  or  four  months  oc- 
cupied in  the  ordinary  process.  The  great  aav- 
ing  in  time  effected   by  the  new  prooeaa  is  due 


to  the  ctrcumatanoe  that  electrioity  facilitates 
the  nnion  whioh  takes  place  between  the  tan- 
nin of  the  bark  and  the  gelatine  of  the  hide 
during  tanning. 

The  new  prooeaa  has  been  in  nae  with  one  aet 
of  apparatus  (which  ia  said  to  take  the  place  of 
from  30  to  40  ordinary  pite)  at  Tebbltt'a  tan- 
nery for  about  12  mouths.  The  reenlts  of 
working  give  every  satisfaction,  and  lead  to 
the  conclnaion  that  the  great  aim  of  the  tanner 
— which  is  to  get  the  largest  outcome  poaaible 
at  the  lowest  cost  and  in  the  ehorteat  time — oan 
now  be  realized  beyond  hia  anticipations. — JEx* 

Electricity  ix  Mining. — One  of  the  great- 
eat  tielQB  that  eleotrio-power  haa  of  late  been 
called  upon  to  enter  is  that  of  mining,  remarks 
the  EUetrical  World.  The  use  of  the  electric 
light  in  mines  is  not  new,  and  possibly  its  suc- 
cess has  helped  create  the  demand  that  haa 
sprung  up  for  power  appliancee.  Be  that  aa  ic 
may,  there  can  be  do  doubt  as  to  the  reality 
and  extent  of  the  demand,  and  vast  as  are  the 
fields  already  opened  up  for  the  electric  motor, 
it  may  seriously  be  questioned  whether  the  op- 
portunities in  mining,  the  latest  sphere  of  its 
occupation,  do  not  surpass  all  others.  We  be- 
lieve that  1390  is  destined  to  be  the  conspicu- 
ous year  as  the  startiog-polnt  of  electric  mining 
on  the  grand  scale,  aa  1SS9  was  for  electric 
railroading.  One  cheering  feature  in  connection 
with  the  new  departure  we  have  thus  distin- 
guished is  the  hearty  welcome  accorded  the 
new  power  by  the  mining  journals,  mining  ex- 
perts, and  the  mining  world  in  general.  There 
has  been  at  onoe  an  absence  of  prejudice  and  a 
keen  appreciation  of  the  advantages  that  elec- 
tricity can  give,  and  it  now  depends  upon  eleo* 
trioal  inventors  and  electrical  engineers  to  rise 
to  the  occasion  and  reap  the  rewards  that 
await  ready  ingenuity  and  honest  work.  They 
may  form  some  idea  of  the  immensity  of  the 
field  from  the  fact  that  the  value  of  American 
raining  products  in  1888  exceeded  $590,000,000, 
and  during  the  past  year  the  indastry  has  been 
no  leas  prosperoua.  It  is  the  province  of  elec- 
tricity not  only  to  aid  in  the  economical  and 
aafe  production  of  this  great  wealth,  but  to 
bring  up  to  the  point  of  remunerative  product- 
iveuese  hundreds  of  mines  that  are  worthless 
under  other  oonditlona. 


An  Electric  Alarm  Compass. — An  alarm 
compass,  the  invention  of  a  Boston  man, 
sounds  an  alarm  if  the  vessel  Is  allowed  to  get 
off  her  course.  Electricity  is  brought  into  play 
to  accompliah  this. 


Engijmeef^ing  J^otes. 


Economy  vs.  Speed. — The  tendency  in  At- 
lantic steamers  has  for  a  long  time  been  to  sac- 
rifice economy  to  speed;  but  a  new  departure  is 
indicated  in  one  of  the  new  boats  of  the  Ham- 
burg-American line,  the  Scandia,  which  uses 
only  58  tons  of  coal  a  day.  In  very  good 
weather  she  can  make  14^  knots  an  hour.  Al- 
lowing for  an  average  of  little  less  than  13 
knots  an  hour,  or  say  290  knots  a  day,  she  can 
travel  five  miles  on  one  ton  of  coal,  and  her 
cargo  space  enables  her  to  carry  4000  tons  of 
freight,  so  that  with  one  pound  of  coal  she  can 
carry  a  ton  of  freight  ten  miles.  Probably  this 
has  never  been  aurpaeaed  in  point  of  eoonomy, 
and  still  less  equaled. 


To  Bridge  the  Bosphorus. — The  latest  en- 
gineering scheme  is  a  bridge  for  the  atraits  of 
Bosphorus,  by  which  direct  railroad  communi- 
cation will  be  made  between  Europe  and  Asia. 
The  plan  comprises  nothing  less  than  the  con- 
struction of  a  colossal  bridge  872  yards  long 
over  the  historic  and  piotureeque  channel  that 
fiows  between  the  shores  of  Europe  and  Asia. 
It  is  stated  by  the  Paria  corrfispondent  of  the 
London  Telegraph  that  the  French  engineers 
who  are  thinking  of  undertaking  the  conatruc- 
tion  of  the  bridge  would  make  it  with  one  arch 
only.  This  done,  there  will  be  no  more  need 
of  the  Lsander-like  or  Byronic  swimming  aoroaa 
tbia  historic  channel. 


The  Niagara  Falls  Prize. — A  device  for 
utilizing  the  power  of  Niagara  Falls,  invented 
by  a  Chicago  engineer,  has  been  awarded  the 
gold  medal  offered  by  the  Buffalo  International 
Fair  for  the  best  invention  for  this  purpose. 
The  device  coneista  of  an  overshot  wheel  60 
feet  in  diameter,  to  be  mounted  behind  the 
falling  sheet  of  water,  and  moved  by  proper 
machinery  toward  or  away  from  the  waterfall 
as  the  power  is  needed.  The  wheel  ia  to  drive 
dynamos  by  friction-clutch  connections,  and 
the  power  will  be  transmitted  by  wire  to  any 
desired  place.  There  were  over  150  competitors 
for  the  prize. 

Engineering  Progress. — Within  the  next 
ten  years,  some  of  the  grandest  pieces  of  en- 
gineering ever  conceived  will  be  started. 
Bridges  will  be  commenced  which,  if  talked  of 
now,  would  be  regarded  as  chimerical.  Houses 
15  to  20  stories  high  will  be  built.  Tunnels  are 
to  be  built  under  cities.  Pneumatic  tubes  will 
be  conBtruoted  to  carry  pasBengers  three  miles 
per  minute.  These  schemes  all  exist  in  the 
minds  of  engineers,  and  are  being  worked  out 
into  practical  shape. 

Texan  Harbor  Improvements  are  to  be 
pushed  at  the  Washington  end.  Senator  Ooke 
haa  already  introduced  a  bill  asking  for  $6,000,- 
000  for  Galveston.  Bills  have  alao  been  pre- 
pared by  the  friends  of  the  Corpus  Christi 
project. 


116 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Feb.  15,  1890 


-■■'■'■■■■ iip^ 


A,  T.  DEWEY. 


DEWET  ft  CO.,  Pnblisliers. 

Ofce,  220  Market  St.,  N.  E.  cor.Pront  St.,S.  F, 

tr  Take  the  Mevator,  So.  It  Front  S(."B» 


W.  B.  EWER Sbmior  Editob 


Terms  of  Subscription. 
Annual  Subscription,  ^.    New  flubacrlptions  will  be 
declined  without  cash  in  advance.    All  arrearages  must 
be  paid  for  at  the  rate  of  83.60  per  annum. 

Advertlslns  Bates. 

1  weel^  1  month.  S  moB.  12  mos. 

Per  Line  (agate) «  .26       «.  60     J  1.20     $4.00 

Half  inch  (1  square) 1.00  2.60  6.60        22.00 

Onelnch 1.60         6.00       18.00       42.00 

Large  advertisements  at  favorable  rates.  Speoial  or 
reading  notices,  legal  advertisements,  notices  appearing 
In  extraordinary  type  or  in  particular  parts  of  the  paper, 
at  speoial  rates.    Four  insertions  are  rated  in  a  month. 


Address  all  literary  and  business  correapondenoe 
and  Drafts  for  this  paper  in  the  name  of  the  firm. 


SCIENTIFIC   PRESS    PATENT    AGENCY. 

DEWEr  &  CO.,  PATBNT  SOLIOITORS. 
A.  T,  DBWHT.  W.  B.  BWBR.  fl.  H.  STRONQ. 


Our  latest  forms  go  to  press  on  Thursday  evening. 


Entered  at  3.  F.  Post  0£Bce  as  second-olass  mail  matter 


Influences  on  Silver. 

The  deoline  in  silver  ia  a  aonroe  of  sur- 
prise to  many  bimetallists,  bat  so  far  as  we 
can  learn,  it  does  not  dlscoara^e  them  in  their 
efforts  toward  securing  free  coinage  from  our 
Government.  A  tabulated  compilation  of  the 
lowest  and  highest  prices  by  years,  for  20  years 
past,  in  the  London  market,  does  not  warrant 
the  least  degree  of  uneasiness  as  to  the  final 
outcome,  owing  to  prices  showing  a  marked  ad- 
vance over  about  one  year  ago.  The  table  as 
given  by  the  Iron  Age  is  as  follows: 
Hiofhest, 


Year.  Lowest, 

1870 60i 

1871 6(13-16 

1872 69i 

1873 674 

1874 67t 

1875 55i 

18.'6  46J 

1877 63} 

1878 4l)J 

1879 4S| 

1880 514 

1881 5o| 

1882 60 

1883 50 

1884 49^ 

1886 4GJ 


1887. 


.4Z 
.43} 
.41 J 


61 

614 

59  16-16 

69i 

57S 

68i 

68} 

66} 

53} 

62J 

52J 

623 

61  3-:e 

615 

60 

47 

47} 

44  9-16 

44J 


Average. 
60  9-16 
60) 

60  5-16 
69} 

6S  16-16 

56J 

6-2} 

64  13-16 

62  9-16 

61} 

62} 

61  16-16 
51  13-16 
60S 

603 

48  9-16 

455 

441 

42J 

428 


accounts  for  the  rise  open  anywhere  at  the  mo- 
ment. Bulls  or  bears  are  dealing  not  on  intrin- 
slo  values,  but  simply  on  influx  or  efflux  of  the 
precious  metal. 


SAN    FKANOISOO: 

Saturday,   February   15,    1890. 


TABLE  OF  CONTENTS. 


BDITOBLALS-— The  Fulton  Rock-Breaker,  109; 
Passing  Events;  Influenoes  on  Silver;  Tlie  Industiial 
Situation;  Reopening  a  Caved  Mine;  Miners'  Tools: 
Mineral  Lands  and  i^aiiroads;  Drift  Mines  and  (he 
Laws,  117;  The  Pomp  and  its  Cussedoess;  A  Coil 
Boiler;  Blue  Canyon  in  Winter;  Rolled  Steel  Beams; 
Ozocerite,  116. 

ILljDaTKATlONS.— Pulton  Rock-Breaker;  Section 
of  Mine  Showing  Ore-Pillars,  109;  Scene  at  Blue  Can- 
yon, on  the  Central  Pacific  R.  R.;  Coil  Boilers  for  Fast 
Yachts  and  Torpedo  Boats,  116. 

OORKBSPON0BNCB.— The  Golden  City  Mining 
Company;  A  Big  Gold  Ledge;  Rains  of  Fish  and  Rep- 
tiles; The  Stewart  MiniaR  Bill;  Traction  Engines,  110. 

MISOBIiLANBOna Professors  and  Mines;    The 

Charleston,  110;  Not  All  Fancy;  Montana  and  Michi- 
gan Copper;  The  Late  Chester  S.  Lyman;  Electrical 
Society;  Copper  in  the  United  States;  Making  Good 
Citizens;  Road  Work;  Nicaragua  Canal,  111. 

MIMINQ  SUMMARY— From  the  various  counties 
of  California,  Nevada,  Arizona,  Colorado,  Idaho,  Mon- 
tana, New  Mexico,  Oregon,  Utah,  Wyoming,  112-113- 

MBOHANICAl.  PBOQRBaS.— The  Progress  of 
Invention;  The  Plate-Glass  Industry;  Movement  of  the 
Iron  Center;  Electric  Doors;  The  Long;e8t  Light  Cir- 
cuit; The  Uses  of  Common  Salt;  Electricity  fiom  the 
Wind;  Rigidity  in  Bridge  Work;  Comparative  Coat; 
Miscellaneous,  114. 

80IBNTIPIC  PROGRESS-— Air  in  Water;  The 
Bee's  Sting  a  Useful  Tool;  The  Latest  from  Bdiaon; 
Sulphate  of  Copper;  The  Telephone;  Miscellaneous, 
114. 

GOOD  HEALTH.— A  Labor  Fallacy;  Our  Houses 
and  Fatal  "  Colds; "  Fainting;  Remedy  for  Perspiring 
Feet,  115. 

OSBFUIj  INFORMATION.- Manufacture  of  Jap- 
anese Lacquer;  Cocoanut  Butter;  Why  They  Do  It; 
Absence  of  Fish  in  the  Yellowstone  Park;  Teakwood  a 
Preservative  of  Iron;  Miscellaneous,  116. 

BLiECTRIOITY-  —  What  is  Electricity;  Electrical 
Tanning;  Electricity  in  Mining;  An  Electric  Alarm 
Compat-s,  115- 

BNGINBBRINQ  NOTES.  -  Economy  vs.  Speed; 
To  Bridge  the  BosphoruB;  The  Niagara  Falls  Prize; 
Engineering  Progress;  Miscellaneous,  115- 

UININQ  STOOK  MARKET.— Sales  at  the  San 
Francisco  Stook  Board,  Notices  of  Meetings,  Assess- 
ments,  Dividends,  and  Bullion  Shipments,  122. 


Passing  Events. 

The  mines  which  were  closed  down  during 
the  recent  stormy  weather  are  gradually  resum- 
ing operations  and  patting  the  men  to  work 
again.  Most  of  the  roads  in  the  mountains, 
however,  are  still  in  bad  condition,  making  it 
bad  (or  hauling  ore  or  supplies. 

The  big  mill  at  the  Stonewall  mine,  San 
Diego  county,  belonging  to  Governor  Water- 
man, has  been  completed  and  is  the  best  In 
Southern  California, 

The  sale  of  the'Monntain'mlne,  Sierra  county, 
to  English  capitalists  is  a  good  thing  for  that 
section.  The  old  Sierra  Buttes  mine,  on  the 
opposite  aide  of  the  Buttes,  and  owned  by  au 
Eoglieh  company,  was  the  mainstay  of  that 
region  for  many  years.  English  mining  in- 
vestora  uaually  put  up  good  works  and  give 
steady  employment  to  many  men. 

Railroad  men  are  atill  busy  clearing  their 
tracks,  repairing  bridges  and  filling  washouts, 
employing  large  numbers  of  laborers.  The  loss 
of  BO  many  bridges  all  over  the  coast  will  keep 
the  bridge-makers  busy  the  ooming  season. 

Latest  Advices  from  South  Africa  state 
that  at  Johannesburg  a  wonderful  strike  of 
quicksilver  has  been  made.  It  is  eight  or  ten 
feet  from  the  surface,  with  every  indication  of 
going  down.  No  discovery  of  greater  impor- 
tance to  the  gold  indnstry  could  be  made,  and 
the  greateat  interest  is  being  aroused.  The  en- 
tire gold  product  of  South  Africa  in  1S89  was 
}3,000,000.  I 


1889 4115-16 

The  new  year  opened  at  44 J 1  per  ounce  of 
926  fine,  steadily  advanced  until  on  Jan.  27th 
the  quotations  came  through  at  44^d;  since 
then  the  price  has  declined  until  it  is  to-day 
43Jd. 

The  strength  of  the  market  in  last  year  was 
baaed  on  several  influences — First:  Renewed 
agitation  the  world  over  in  favor  of  bimetal- 
lism. Seoond:  Enlarged  requirements  from 
India — reaching  a  little  over  the  equivalent  of 
$30,045,000  against  nearly  $20,000,000  in  1888. 
Third:  The  English  Chancellor  of  Exchequer 
buying  silver  for  coinage  so  as  to  make  pay- 
ments in  that  currency  aa  far  as  possible  to 
employes.  Fourth:  The  French  Government 
coining  aome,  chiefly  for  one  of  ita  ooloniee. 
Fifth:  The  impreaaion  that  the  preaent  admin- 
ietration  in  this  country  would  redeem  its 
pledge  by  legislating  in  favor  of  silver.  Sixth: 
Toward  the  close  of  the  year,  by  reports  abroad 
that  the  Bank  of  England  would  issue  £1  notes 
against  silver  coin  or  bullion,  the  demand  for 
which  would  outstrip  that  for  the  higher  de- 
nomination, 

The  influences  this  year  to  depress  silver  are, 
aa  far  as  obtainable,  as  follows:  First:  The 
Ruaaian  Government  again  entering  the  market 
as  a  borrower,  which  may  possibly  cause  the 
rouble  to  again  become  speoulative  and  taken 
in  lien  of  silver  by  the  Germans,  English  and 
French  having  Jdealinga  with  Ruaslans.  Sec- 
ond: A  growing  impression  that  the  administra- 
tion in  oar  country  is  opposed  to  the  remonetiz 
in^  of  silver  or  to  any  bill  looking  to  the  rais- 
ing of  the  metal  from  a  commercial  commodity. 
Third:  Confirmed  advices  denying  that  the 
Bank  of  England  would  issue  £1  notes  against 
silver  held  by  it.  How  such  a  report  as  the 
bank  preparing  to  issue  the  notes  gained 
credence  is  hard  to  say,  for  the  institution 
could  only  do  so  by  Act  of  Parliament;  but  it 
can  retain  part  of  its  reserve  in  silver,  and  not 
all  gold,  as  it  now  does. 

The  bimetalliats  have  the  strongest  fight  to 
make  against  monopolists  and  heavy  specula- 
tors whose  moneyed  power  admits  of  their 
reaching  out  in  all  directions  to  prevent  the  re- 
monetizing  of  silver.  It  is  an  open  secret  that 
all  successful  deals  are  worked  through  money 
manipulation,  for  a  scarcity  of  coin  pats  it  with- 
in the  control  of  a  few  to  unduly  inflate  or  de- 
press the  prices  for  any  specalative  commodity. 
J.  K.  Armour's  most  suoceasfnl  corners  have 
been  worked  in  this  way;  so  have  many  stook 
and  other  speoulatl  ve  movements  at  the  East 
and  also  abroad.  What  do  nnscrupnlons, 
moneyed  speculators  care  for  the  debtor  or  any 
other  class  as  long  as  they  can,  by  making 
money  scarce  or  plentifnl,  coin  money  through 
aucoesafnl  speculative  movement  ?  Aa  bearing 
to  some  extent  on  the  above,  we  give  the  fol- 
lowing from  the  London  Weekly  Builetin: 

Many  people  think  the  present  position  of 
gold  as  serious,  and  it  may  be  so.  At  any  rate 
it  is  certain  that  a  6  per  cent  rate  has  failed  to 
bring  money  into  the  country,  and  we  doubt  if 
even  a  7  per  cent  rate  would  do  much  better. 
The  fact  is  that  oar  banking  laws  are  all 
founded  upon  bosh,  and  the  entire  community 
is  at  the  mercy  of  a  tew  individuals.  If  Roths- 
childa,  Barings,  and  a  few  other  big  firms  chose 
to-day  to  combine  and  draw  a  couple  of  millions 
from  the  Bank  of  England,  what  a  "  squirm" 
there  would  be  I  The  1866  panic  would  not  be 
in  it.  Yet  they  eould  do  it  to-morrow  if  they 
We  wonld  not  care  to  have  epecDlative 


The  Industrial  Situation. 

During  the  last  two  months  of  1889  and  the 
first  one  of  this  year,  there  has  been  more  or 
less  of  an  industrial  depression  on  this  coast. 
The  long-continued  and  severe  storms  prevent' 
ed  nearly  all  outdoor  work.  In  the  country 
scarcely  anything  could  be  done  for  weeks  and 
weeks.  Then  came  snow  blockades,  freshets, 
the  washing  away  of  bridges,  and  impassable 
roads,  all  of  which  put  a  stop  to  transporta 
tion  by  rail  or  by  road.  As  a  result,  laboring 
men  have  suffered  more  or  less  by  reaaon  of 
lack  of  work.  In  the  citiea,  the  carpentera. 
painters,  brickmasons  and  builders  have  had 
little  or  nothing  to  do;  and  others  who  earn 
their  living  outdoors,  such  aa  expreasmen, 
sewer  and  cable-road  builders,  street  laborers, 
eto.,  have  been  idle  for  a  long  period.  The  end 
of  the  great  storm  brought  a  short  period  of 
good  weather,  which,  however,  has  not  lasted 
long  enough  to  bring  about  any  activity  in  the 
lines  mentioned. 

Building  operations  in  the  city  came  practi- 
cally to  a  standstill,  and  this  was  also  the  case 
in  some  other  departments  of  trade.  The 
foundries  have  been  working  shorthanded  by 
reason  of  lack  of  orders  due  to  the  weather  and 
the  roads.  Very  little  machinery  has  been 
shipped  from  here  of  late  for  these  reasons. 

Now  that  the  "  back "  of  the  winter  has 
been  broken,  these  conditions  will  speedily 
change.  As  the  days  lengthen,  building  oper- 
ations will  start  up  afresh  and  all  businesa  will 
show  renewed  activity.  The  neceaaary  repaira 
to  railroade,  the  building  of  new  bridges,  etc., 
will  give  employment  to  many  men  for  months 
to  come.  Mining  operations  here  and  in  Ne- 
vada are  being  resumed  as  facilities  for  ore 
transportation  are  again  obtainable. 

Those  engaged  in  agricultural  pursuits  look 
for  a  prosperous  season  to  come.  The  miners 
also  are  hopeful.  There  will  be  an  abundance 
of  water  everywhere  for  power,  and  while  there 
is  temporary  inconvenience  from  surplus  water 
now,  the  final  result  will  be  benefioial.  We 
will  all  have  to  make  up  for  time  lost  this  win- 
ter, so  that  all  branches  of  trade  and  baainess 
must  soon  be  puahed  actively. 


liked. 


Gold  in  Suspension. 

In  cruahing  "  refractory "  gold  orea,  aa  a 
rale,  the  portiona  of  the  ore  containing  the 
largeat  quantity  of  mineral  are  by  far  the  most 
brittle.  Large  quantities  of  **  alimes "  are 
made  especially  with  ores  holding  metallic 
sulphides  in  large  lumps,  owing  to  the  crystal- 
line and  friable  structure  of  such  metallic 
bodies,  the  valuable  metal  is  apt  to  be  very 
fiaely  divided  after  crushing.  Minute  metallic 
grains  will  be  found  in  this  pulp  under  the 
microacope.  Florence  O'Driaooll,  in  his  *'  Notes 
on  the  Treatment  of  Gold  Ores,"  says  this  can 
be  demonstrated  in  this  way: 

Put  a  piece  of  mineralized  ore  into  an  ordi- 
nary mortar  and  give  it  a  few  blowa  and  turua 
with  a  pestle;  the  result  will  be  a  few  lumps  of 
ore  and  gangae,  a  proportion  of  aand-like  aizea, 
and  also  a  quantity  of  fine  duat.  Throw  half 
of  thia  into  a  long  glass  test  tube;  a  large  pro- 
portion of  the  atonea  and  metal  will  sink  to  the 
bottom  at  once,  the  sand  will  settle  slowly,  the 
dust  very  slowly,  and  in  moat  cases  the  water 
will  be  discolored;  thia  discoloration  is  caused 
by  particles  of  mineral  held  in  suspension  in 
the  water,  and  too  minute  to  be  discerned  by 
the  eye. 

Then  the  other  half  of  the  ore  can  be  treated 
in  the  mortar  to  sizes  common  in  the  treatment 
of  gold  orea,  aay  to  pass  a  40-mesh  screen;  then 
throw  these  crnshinga  into  another  test-tube 
and  observe  the  result.  Most  frequently  the 
water  will  be  highly  discolored,  and  remain  so 
for  days,  and  the  cruahinga  will  find  their  way 
to  the  bottom,  according  to  their  relative 
weighta,  which,  broadly  speaking,  ia  more  gov- 
erned by  size  than  density.  If  thia  discolored 
water  be  poured  off  and  allowed  time  to  aettle, 
the  aedim'      would  give  a  far  higher  retarn  of 

metal  than  » coarser  parts  of  the  ore,   which 

fall     to     the    bottom     quickly.       Such    sedi- 
ments form  the  '*  slimes." 


Mineral  Lands  and  Railroads. 

The  people  in  Montana  are  having  the  same 
kind  of  trouble  about  mineral  lands  on  railroad 
grants  that  we  are  having  here.  But  the  min- 
ers  there  have  banded  together  to  fight  for  their 
interests  and  rights,  while  here  the  contests 
have  been  made  by  individuals.  The  railroad 
company  has  been  victorious  in  California,  and 
the  recent  Eigle-Bird  decision  has  virtually 
given  it  large  tracts  of  mineral  land,  which  it 
was  probably  not  the  intention  of  Congress  that 
the  company  should  have. 

The  miners,  prospectors,  and  mine-owners  of 
Montana  have  taken  the  matter  In  hand  as  a 
body  to  prevent  the  loss  of  millions  of  acres  of 
the  best  mineral  land  in  that  State.  A  Mineral 
Land  Association  has  been  formed,  the  officers 
of  which  keep  a  close  watch  on  the  movements 
of  the  railroad  company,  and  are  bringing  the 
attention  of  Congress  to  the  evils  likely  to  re- 
sult from  the  railroads  getting  poaseasion  of  the 
tracts  of  mineral  land. 

Mr.  Merrill,  the  secretary  of  the  association 
referred  to,  in  a  letter  to  a  locator  states  that 
there  is  actual  danger  of  the  Northern  Pacific 
Co.  securing  title  to  several  valuable  mineral 
tracts.  In  this  letter  he  says  I  "The  section 
you  refer  to  has  been  selected  and  certified  fo, 
patent  to  the  N.  P.  R.  R.  Co.  by  the  United 
States  land  office  at  Helena,  These  patents 
have  been  withheld  from  this  railroad  company 
(or  two  years  by  the  efforts  of  the  mineral-land 
convention  of  Montana  through  its  executive 
committee,  and  the  only  hope  now  of  saving 
these  lands  to  the  people  of  Montana  as  min- 
eral lands  is  the  work  of  the  Mineral-Land 
Association  of  Montana  to  secure  necessary 
action  from  Congress  and  the  reserving  forever 
all  the  mineral  that  is  or  may  be  found  in  all 
this  mineral  land." 

It  is  to  be  hoped  that  the  California  delega- 
tion in  Congress  will  be  active  in  aiding  the 
Montana  men  in  having  this  subjsct  thoroughly 
ventilated.  The  Government  intended  to  re- 
serve the  mineral  land  from  railroad  grants, 
whatever  the  technical  language  of  the  Act 
may  say.  Congress  should  give  the  snbjeot 
immediate  attention,  as  it  ia  of  the  highest  im- 
portance to  the  mining  industry. 


Drift  Mines   and  the  Laws. 

In  the  upper  mining  counties  petitions  are 
being  circulated  praying  for  an  amendment  to 
the  Stewart  bill  which  will  enable  companies 
owning  drift  mines  to  expend  the  amount  of 
money  required  for  annual  work  on  a  claim  at 
one  point  when  two  or  more  claims  are  oonsoll- 
dated,  instead  of  upon  each  location.  In  these 
drift  mines  very  long  tunnels  have  to  be  run, 
as  the  gravel-beds  are  under  the  lava-capped 
"  divides,"  or  ridges.  The  making  of  these 
tunnels  is  a  matter  of  very  great  expense,  and 
if  only  small  tracts  of  gravel  could  be  worked 
by  each  tunnel,  it  would  not  pay  to  run  them. 
The  companies  generally  own  several  claims, 
and  the  work  to  develop  them  all  is  done  on 
the  tunnel  itself.  A  number  of  olaim-owners 
working  together  may  develop  paying  proper- 
ties, but  if  money  must  each  year  be  spent  on 
each  location,  it  will  work  a  hardship. 

In  fact  the  lawa  as  at  present  framed,  and 
those  proposed,  rather  ignore  the  drift-mining 
industry.  The  conditions  surrounding  its  de- 
velopment differ  from  those  concerning  quartz 
or  hydraulic  mines.  The  drift  miners  of  Cali- 
fornia have,  however,  called  the  attention  of 
Senator  Stewart  and  other  Pacific  Coast  repre- 
sentatives to  their  needa,  and  it  ia  probable 
that  their  petition  will  have  weight  and  be 
properly  oonaidered. 


The  eatimated  conaumption  of  copper  in  the 
United  States  laat  year  was  75,500  tons. 


Reopening  a  Caved  Mine. 

In  the  Tilly  Foster  mine,  Putnam  Co.,  N.  Y., 
they  sunk  on  the  ore  body  from  the  surface  to 
the  165  foot  level,  leaving  ore  pillars  to  support 
the  hanging-wall,  the  vein  being  over  100  feet 
wide  and  the  overhang  in  places  nearly  50 
feet.  The  pillars  gave  way  and  the  top  caved. 
They  had  then  to  strip  the  ground  right  down 
to  the  165-foot  level  at  all  points.  In  aome  parts 
of  the  mine,  where  the  greatest  width  of  ore 
body  occurs,  as  shown  in  the  cut,  the  stripping 
must  go  even  deeper.  Some  idea  of  the  length 
and  breadtb  of  the  lower  ore  pillars  in  thia 
mine  may  be  obtained  by  reference  to  the  cut 
(see  page  109).  The  new  hanging-wall  alope 
varies  from  a  vertical  position  to  an  inolination 
of  one  foot  horizontal  or  six  feet  vertical, 


Feb.  16,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


116 


The  Pump  and  Its  Gassedness. 

The  boiler  feedpamp  Is  a  good  deiil  like  a 
mfto's  heart;  there  is  not  much  of  it|  bnt  it  ie 
very  Important  that  it  be  io  perfect  cooditioD, 
beoauBe  if  anythiD^  happens  to  that,  the  power 
stops,  the  Tnaohioe  is  out  of  seivioe.  There  is 
this  farther  thlog  about  the  ferd  pamp,  though, 
that  whereas  the  stoppage  of  the  puinptog 
action  of  a  man's  hrait  wrecks  only  the  ma- 
chine to  which  it  is  coooeoted,  the  stoppage  of 
a  feed-pump  may  cause  damage  to  neighboring 
people  and  property. 

The  pomp  is  like  a  man's  heart  in  another 
thing;  it  Is  liable  to  get  *'  witching  "  at  times, 
making  ehort  or  long  ■'irobes.  or  seeming  to  b^ 
forcing  wind^  or  to  be  knockirg  too  hard,  from 
8om«  sliftht  derangement  perhaps  not  readily 
placed.  Such  tricks  are  annoying,  and  if  let 
go  too  long  may  be  diingerons. 

There  la  this  further  analogy  between  the 
pump  and  the  heart:  That  the  ouse  of  the 
trouble  is  generally  about  as  haid  to  determio' 
by  inspection  in  the  one  as  in  the  other.  The 
working  parts  are  leas  exposed  to  view  or  open 
to  inspection  in  these  two  pn  ups,  the  one  of 
muBole  and  the  other  of  iron,  tban  in  the  ctber 
machines  and  apparatus  with  which  they  coo' 
nect. 

If  a  man's  Btom-<ich  is  oat  of  order,  the  thing 
gives  some  indioatlrn;  if  his  throat  is  iffeoted, 
it  can  be  inspected;  bnt  the  heart  bae  to  be 
doctored  from  hearsay  evidence  and  by  feeling. 
So,  while  the  boiler  and  the  engine  can  be  quite 
well  inspected  and  repaired,  the  pamp  gener- 
ally has  a  lot  of  hidden  parts  and  pasEagcs,  the 
inside  of  which  no  one  has  ever  seen  and  no  one 
will  ever  see  so  long  as  the  machine  is  run- 
ning. 

Of  coarse  when  the  boman  machine  is  put  in 
the  sorap'heap.any  one  who  knows  how  to  dissect 
may  tell  what  was  the  matter  with  the  pump 
that  it  did  not  run  right.  Sometimes  these 
lessons  are  of  use  when  some  other  human 
blood  pump  gets  to  pounding  ;  but  as  a  general 
thing  the  doctors  and  engineers  are  in  the  dark 
about  moat  of  the  trouble  with  the  two  feed 
pumps,  the  one  of  muEcle,  and  the  one  of  iron. 
Tbie  makes  it  all  the  more  desirable  that 
whoever  has  charge  of  a  pump  of  any  kind, 
especially  if  it  be  used  to  feed  a  steam  boiler  or 
to  do  any  other  duty  where  mnoh  depends  upon 
its  effective  and  continuous  action,  should  very 
carefully  study  the  action  of  hia  own  and  other 
pumps,  BO  that  the  moment  anything  happens 
he  will  be  able  to  know,  firat,  what  is  wrong  ; 
second,  what  would  be  the  result  if  it  be  al- 
lowed to  continue  ;  and  third,  when  and  how 
to  cure  the  trouble. 

You  may  find  old  engiueera  who  never  have 
any  trouble  petting  their  engine  valves,  but 
who  will  send  for  the  pump- 
doctor  the  moment  anything 
commences  totcnock,  or  slip, 
or  give  any  sign  of  doing  any- 
thing diflferent  from  what  it 
ought  to  be. 

You  will  fiod  an  engineer 
who  has  been  working  on  one 
jib,  where  there  is  a  oertain 
make  of  pucnp,  commence 
asking  questions  the  minute 
he  strikes  a  run  where  the 
pump  is  different;  and  as  a 
general  thing  he  will  get 
down  there  on  the  fir&t  San- 
day,  if  he  takes  charge  of  the 
plant  (and  sometimes  upon 
the  Sunday  before),  and  take 
things  down  and  do  some 
regular  old-fashioned  think- 
ing. 

Once  in  a  while  you  will 
6nd  some  very  fresh  young 
man,  or  some  old  *'  know- 
it-all,"  who  will  not  think 
it  necessary  to  find  out  any- 
thing more  than  where  the 
throttle  and  the  drips  are;  but  a  good  man, 
who  feels  that  he  has  his  own  lif  j  tn  bis  hand, 
and  with  it  the  lives  and  property  of  others, 
and  the  livelihood  of  his  children — such  a  man 
is  not  taking  any  risks  nor  getting  in  any  more 
holes  than  he  can  help  abant  "the  heart  of 
the  engine-room  " — the  pump. 

There  is  one  enag,  however,  against  which 
whoever  icqnirea  into  the  action  of  pumps  runs 
early  in  his  tramp  for  knowledge  in  this  con- 
nection; there  is  bat  vary  little  literature  upon 
the  eubjact.     He  cannot  book-up  in  this  line  as 


he  can  in  other  departments  of  his  business. 
He  can  buy  countless  books  upon  the  steam 
engine — some  good,  some  bad,  many  indifferent, 
and  the  same  way  about  the  boiler — but  when 
it  comes  to  pumps,  there  is   very   little   to   be 


oing.  This  is  also  a  common  experience  upon  the 
floor  of  societies  where  candidates  are  being  ex- 
amined as  to  their  competency  for  admission 
to  mtmbershlp.  If  the  qaestioning  gets  to 
running  In    the  direction  of   pumps,  the  oandi- 


out  of  hours  those  of  the  neighbors  who  know 
less  about  pumps  than  he  does,  and  who  yet  do 
not  care  to  "  giva  themselves  away  '*  by  send- 
ing for  the  regular  pump-dootor,  who  will  send 
in  a  bill  to  the  firm. 


SOBNB    AT    BLUB    CANYON,    ON    THE5    OKNTRAL    PAOIFIO    R.    B. 
found  in  the  papers  upon  the  sabj^ct,  and  very    date  is  uniformly  found  to  fall  In  a  large  pro- 


much  less  bound  up  in  book-shape. 

So  far  as  we  know,  there  are  but  two  books 
published  upon  pnmpB — one  of  them  by  an  En- 
glishman, and  intended  for  thoae  who  are  de- 
signing pumps;  the  other  by  an  American  and 


portion,  and  in  faot  It  Is  matter  of  common 
knowledge  that  a  man  may  be  very  readily  re- 
jected for  utter  ignorance,  if  those  who  are  ex- 
amining him  know  where  he  has  run  and  what 
kind  of  pampB  he  has  bad.    If  he  knows  only 


COIL    BOILER    FOB    FAST    YACHTS    AND    TOBPBDO    BOATS. 


meant  for  those  who  are  setting  up  and  run- 
ning them;  and  both  of  these  have  been  pat 
upon  the  market  within  the  last  two  years. 

We  often  find  a  man  who  has  been  running 
plants  where  they  had  certain  kinds  of  pumps, 
get  stuck  when  he  moves  intq}  -Aother  State 
and  has  to  be  examined  foi.,ow  license.  He 
will  get  along  all  right  and  swimmingly  as  long 
aa  the  engine  and  boiler  are  the  eubj  5cta  of  ex- 
amination; but  when  it  comes  to  the  pump,  he 
gets  stalled  the  minute  he  is  asked  about  some 
other  one  than  those  which  he  has  been  rnn- 


the  Kaowles,  the  Bjw  and  the  Daane,  he  can 
be  floored  by  asking  about  the  Worthlngton, 
the  Hooker  and  the  Dividson,  and  so  on. 

Let  each  one  of  oar  readers  make  up  his 
mtnd  that  his  present  or  next  job  may  depend 
upon  his  knowing  thoroughly  not  only  those 
pumps  which  he  has  under  his  charge,  but  all 
the  other  principal  ones  upon  the  market. 

With  such  knowledge  aa  this  a  man  may  not 
only  feel  himself  much  more  valuable  under 
fire  of  an  examining  oommittee,  bnt  earn  a 
good  many  extra  dollars  at  odd  times,  helping 


A  Coil  Boiler. 

Go  this  pagR  are  outd  of  a  coll  boilsr,  of  the 
type  used  in  modern  torpedo  and  steam  launch- 
es where  high  speed  is  desired.  B/  means  of 
a  pump,  water  u  forced  through  the  boiler, 
which  ooDsists  of  a  se.issof  pipgs  so  placed  and 
oonueoted  as  tn  form,  pr.io  tic  ally,  one  continu- 
ous length  of  lob:,  into  the  upper  and  cooler 
portion  of  which  water  ii  admitted  and  from 
the  lower  and  hotter  portion  of  which  the 
steam  is  led  away.  St^am  is  led  from  the  low- 
estsfetof  tubes  to  the  "sepirator,"  which  al- 
lows the  eteam  and  water  coming  from  the 
boiler  to  divide— tha  latter,  of  course,  coUeot- 
Ing  in  the  bottom.  This  bottom  is  connected 
with  the  pumps  so  that  when  neoeeeiry  the  ex- 
cesa  of  water  can  be  returned  to  the  boiler. 

The  boiler  genoratos  steam  only  as  it  is  need- 
ed and  utilized  by  the  engine,  the  only  reseive 
or  EUF  plus  steam  being  that  contained  in  the 
separator,  the  lower  sets  of  tubes,  and  hi  the 
connecting  pipes.  This  form  of  boiler  is,  of 
course,  a  very  rapid  generator  of  staam.  and  is 
thuB  especially  adapted  for  very  fast  yachts  and 
torpedo  boats  such  as  the  Herreehoff  Bros, 
build  and  send  aU  <  vjr  the  world. 

Blue  Canyon  in  Winter. 

We  give  on  this  page  a  view,  made  direct  frrm 
a  photograph  by  Taber,  of  a  snow  noeue  up  in 
the  Sierras  during  the  recent  enow  blockade 
on  the  C::ntral  Pacific  Hiilroad,  The  scene  is 
at  B'ue  Cioyon,  at  which  point  the  first  of  the 
snow-sheds  is  encountered  on  the  way  Eist. 
Beyond  the  figure  of  the  man  is  seen  the  snow 
which  baa  been  shoveled  back  from  the  track, 
and  on  this  side  the  suow-bink  through  which 
the  rotary  plowa  and  the  ebovalera  had  to  cut 
a  way  for  the  trains.  Blue  C»nyon  is  a  small 
settlement,  and  one  may  see  from  the  view  how 
little  chance  the  people  had  to  get  about  during 
the  storm.  The  snow  has  not  yet  gono,  by  any 
means,  although  the  railroad  ia  open.  The 
psople  in  the  mountain  towns  have  had  a  sur- 
feit of  snow  this  year,  and  will  be  glad  to  see 
the  ground  around  their  houaee  once  more. 

KoLLED  Steel  Beams, — At  the  meeting  of 
the  Board  of  New  City  Hall  Commissioners,  a 
communication  was  received  from  John  Wright, 
Peter  H.  Jackson  and  August  Leon,  the  com- 
mittee seleoted  at  a  previous  meeting  to  report 
on  the  comparative  coat  of  built  steel-plate 
girders  instead  of  rolled  steel  beams  of  equal 
bearing.  They  informed  the  board  that  after 
a  careful  examination  of  plana  on  Contract  17 
for  constructing  a  portion  of  the  steel-work  on 
the  northeast  wing,  they  had  concluded  that  a 
built-up  girder  6f  equal  strength  to  the  24inch 
rolled  steel  beams  would  involva  an  additional 
expense  of  20  per  cent,  Sbeel  beams  of  the  re< 
quired  kind  cannot  be  obtained  in  this  city. 

Ozocerite.  —  During  1889,  the  product  of 
ozocerite  or  "  mineral  wax,"  from  the  Utah 
mlnea  waa  approximately  130,000  pounds,  aa 
o:)mpared  with  65,000  pounds  in  18S8.  The 
foreign  market  has  been  greatly  excited  on  ao- 
couut  of  the  absorpiiou  by  Eaglish  capitalists 
of  the  greater  part  of  the  Oalician  depoaits. 
Within  the  last  aix  months  of  the  year  the 
price  of  the  material  has  advanced.  Ozocerite 
Is  a  mineral  wax  composed  of  85  per  cent  car- 
bon and  15  per  cent  hydrogen  and  is  extensive- 
ly used  in  the  arts. 

The  Board  of  Regents  of  the  State  Uni- 
versity has  appropriated  the  sum  of  $100  to  be 
added  to  a  donation  of  $200,  given  by  the 
American  Association  for  the  Advancement  of 
Science,  for  the  purchase  of  a  spectroscope  for 
the  Lick  Observatory. 


Water  wheels,  windUsjes,  derricks,  aluices, 
etc.,  are  found  on  the  beach  at  Orescent  Oity, 
Indicating  loss  to  the  miners  on  the  Upper 
Klamath  or  Trinity  rivers  by  the  recent  high 
waters.         

The  Q-jvernor  has  appointed  Wm.  S.  Wood 
of  this  city  a  trustee  of  the  State  Mining 
Bureau,  vice  W.  T.  Girratt,  deceased. 

Augustus  Pettibone,  Sup't  and  general  man- 
ager of  the  Standard  Consolidated  mine,  died 
at  Bodie  on  Monday. 


117 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Feb   15,  1890 


A  Mistake  in  Identity. 

Editors  Press:— The  paragraph  in  your  paper 
of  February  8th,  referring  to  the  death  of  John  J. 
Dorsey,  and  his  connection  with  the  [Maryland  mine 
of  Grass  Valley,  is  totally  incorrect. 

The  fact  of  Sam'l  P.  Dorsey's  name  having  been 
on  your  subscription-books  since  your  first  issue, 
should  have  prevented  the  mistake  in  identity,  and 
also  the  comments  upon  the  management  of  the 
Maryland  mine.  Sam'l  P.  Dorsey. 

Grass  Valley,  Feb.  loth. 

[We  are  very  glad  indeed  that  the  paragraph 
referred  to  was  incorrect,  Blthough  there  were 
othera  in  Sin  Francisco  who  labored  under  the 
Bame  impreasion.  No  "oommenta"  upon  the 
management  of  the  mine  were  intended.  Ifc 
was  aaid  It  had  never  been  properly  opened  or 
developed,  by  which  was  meant  that  no  large 
capital  had  taken  in  hand  and  equippad  the 
mine  in  a  firat-olasa  way,  for  we  had  under- 
stood Bome  time  ainoe  from  Mr.  Dareey  himself 
that  he  was  deairoas  of  aid  in  that  direction 
for  that  pnrpose.— Eds.  Press  ] 

Our  Agents, 

OOB  FRimroa  can  do  much  in  aid  of  our  paper  and  the 
cause  of  practical  knowledge  and  science,  by  assisting 
Agents  in  their  labors  of  canvassing,  by  lending  their  in- 
fluence and  encouraging  favors.  We  intend  to  send  none 
but  worthy  men. 

J.  C.  HoAQ — San  FrfindsGO. 

R.  G.  Bailbt— San  Fraudaco. 

W.  W.  Thbobalds— Los  Angeles  Co, 

E,  Fischer— Central  California. 

Gbo.  Wilsob — Sacramento  Co. 

a  H.  SOHABFFLB—  Fresno  Co. 

C.  Edward  Robbrtson— Hxunboldt  Co, 

Feamk  S.  Chapin— Colusa  Co. 

Isaac  Aver— Fresno,  Cal. 

Samuel  Clipf — San  Luis  Obispo  Co. 

Wm.  H.  Hillbart— Oregon. 

E.  E   Dbminq — Oregon. 

Chas,  M.  Moodt— Oregon. 

H.  G.  Parsons- Washington. 

The  Homer  Index  ie  reaponaible  f  jr  this: 
An  enterprising  individual  made  a  mining  loca- 
tion in  Lake  oanyon  recently,  and  at  one  end 
planted  a  pole  in  a  snowdrift  50  feet  deep. 
The  other  end  he  could  not  got  to,  but  seeing  a 
coyote  Bitting  on  a  shelf  of  rock  about  the 
right  distance  off,  he  took  him  for  the  north 
lode  line  monument,  which  fact  he  stated  in 
the  notice  that  he  posted  on  the  pole.  The 
animal  will,  of  couree,  stay  there,  and  aee  that 
no  one  jnmpa  the  claim. 

The  Jannary  pay-rolla  of  the  Comstook'minea 
amounted  to  $158,107. 


'^fim^ 


Books  on  Assaying. 

By  C.  hTaaron. 
Pakt  I.— Gold  and  Silver  Ores.— Price  $1. 

Second  Editioh. 

Thi3  work  is  written  by  an  experienced  metallurgist 
wlio  has  devoted  many  years  to  assajang  and  workiug  pre- 
cious ores  on  the  Pacific  side  of  the  American  Continent, 
He  writes  whereof  he  knows  from  personal  practice,  audin 
Buch  plain  and  comprehensive  terms  that  neither  the  scieuiist 
nor  the  practical  miner  can  mistake  his  meaning. 

The  work,  like  Mr.  Aaron's  former  pubhcations  ("Testing 
and  Working  Silver  Ores,"  "Leaching  Gold  and  Silver 
Ores")  that  have  been  "successfully  popular"  is  written  in  a 
condensed  form,  which  renders  his  information  more  readily 
available  than  that  of  more  wordy  and  leas  conscientious 
writers.  The  want  of  such  a  work  has  long  been  felt.  It 
wilt  be  very  desirable  in  the  hands  of  many. 

Table  of  Contents: 

Preface;  Introduction;  Implements;  Assay  Balance:  Ma 
terials;  The  Assay  Otitice-  Preparation  of  the  Ore;  Weighing 
the  Charge;  Mixing  and  Charging;  Assay  Litharge;  Systems 
of  the  Crucible  Assay;  Preliminary  Assay;  Dressing  the 
Crucible  Assays;  Examples  of  Dressing;  The  Melting  in 
Crucibles;  Scorification;  Cupellation;  Weighing  the  Bead; 
Parting;  Calculating  the  Assay;  Assay  of  Ore  Containing 
Coarse  Metal;  Assay  of  Roasted  Ore  for  Solubility;  To 
Assay  a  Cupel;  Assay  by  Amalgamation;  To  Find  the  Value 
of  a  Specimen;  Tests  for  Ores;  A  Few  Special  Minerals; 
Solubility  of  Metals;  Substitutes  and  Expedients;  Assay 
Tables. 
The  volume  embraces  130  12mo.  pages,  with  illustrations 

well  boimd  in  cloth;  18S9.    Price,   $1,    postpaid.    Sold  b 

Dewey  &  Co.,  Publishers,    No.    220    Alarket    street,  San 

Francisco. 

Parts  II  .and  III. 

Lead,  Copper,  Tin,  Mercury,  etc. 

Price  $1.75. 

Thia  hook  is  entitled  "Assaying— Parts  II  and  III,"  and  is 
separate  from  Part  I,  and  treats  of  Gold  and  Silver  Bullion, 
LM.d,  Copper,  Tin,  Mercury,  Zinc-,  Nickel,  Cobalt,  etc. 

Table  of  Contents: 

Gold  and  Silver  Bullion;  Apparatus;  Melting  Bullion; 
Assaying  Bullion;  Humid  Assay  of  Silver;  Manip- 
ulation, etc.;  Lead  Ores;  Copper  Ores;  Volumetric 
Assays;  Parkes'  Process;  Amalgamation;  New  Pro- 
cess; Preparation  of  Potassiimi  Zanthate;  Electrolytic 
Determination  of  Copper  in  Ores,  etc.;  Assaying  of  Tin 
Ores;  Assaying  of  Mercury  Ores;  Assajing  of  Zinc  Ores; 
Assaying  of  Zinc  Ores,  New  Method;  New  Assay  of  Nickel 
and  Cobalt;  Assay  of  Chromium;  Assay  of  Bismuth;  Assay 
of  Arsenic;  Assay  of  Autimony;  Assay  of  Sulphur;  Assay  of 
Salt;  Appendix  to  Part  I;  Notes  on  Crucible  Assays;  Weigh- 
ing by  Oscillations;  Appentlix  to  Part  III;  The  Assay  of 
Lead;  The  Assay  of  Copper. 

There  are  160  12mo.  pages  with  illustrations  in  the  volume 
which  is  bound  strongly  in  clotb.  Price  postpaid.  §L.75 
Sold  by  Dewey  &  Co.  Publishprs.  No.  220  Market  St.,  S.  F 


RUBBER  FACTORY. 

Monarch  Belting. 


Practical  Treatise  on  Hydraulic  Mining. 

By  AUG.  J.  BOWIE,  Jr. 

Thlfl  new  and  important  book  ia  on  the  use  anr*  con- 
struction of  Ditches,  Flumes,  Dams,  Pipes,  Plow  of  Water 
on  Hea\'j'  Grades,  methoda  of  mining  Bhallow  and  deep 
placers,  history  and  development  of  mines,  records  of 
gold  washing,  mechanical  appliances,  such  as  nosszles, 
hurdy-Kurdya.rockera,  undercurrents,  etc.;  also  describ-is 
methods  of  blasting;  tunnels  and  sluices;  tailings  and 
dump;  duty  of  miners'  inch,  etc.  A  very  practical  work 
for  gold  miners  and  users  of  water.  Price,  $5,  post-paid 
For  sale  by  Dbwby  &  Co.,  Publishers.  290  Market  St.,  San 
FranolBco. 

■         QUICKSILVER 

For  Sale  In  Lots  to  Suit  bv 

PABROTT    &    CO.. 
806  Oaliromla  St.,  San  Francisco,  Oal. 


tdljcatiopal. 


OP 

ASSAYING    AND    CHEMISTEY, 
Rooms  48  &  47,         1  628  Montaomery  St., 
2d  Floor  Montgomery  Bl'k.  f        San  Francisco, 
AlBO,  Eveoing  ClaeeeB,  7  to  10  o'clock. 

JOHN  T.  EVANS,  M.  A.,  Principal. 


School  of  Practical,  Civil,  Mechanical  and 
MINING  ENGINEERING, 

SirveFing,  ArcMtectiire,  Drawing  and  AssayiDg 

723    MARKET    STREET, 

Tlie  History  Building,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

A.  VAN  DER  NAILLEN,  President. 

Assayinfj  of  Ores,  §25;  Bullion  and  Chlorination  Assay, 

$26;  Blowiiipe  Assay,  Slo.     Full  course  of  assaying,  (60. 

^"Send  for  circular. 


tAGEMTS  3 


The  P;iea  of  this  Belt  are 

UNITED  by  COTTON  RIVETS 

Which  hold  them  6rmly  together. 

Each  Rivet  is  IndependoDl 

And  Followa  the  Stretoh. 

THERE  ARE   NO   STITCHES 

TO  BREAK,  and 
The    Belt    has    a    Smooth 
Surface. 


Hose,  Belting,  Packing,  Etc. 

ALL  KINDS  OF  RUBBER  GOODS  MADE  TO  ORDER  IN  A  FEW  HOURS. 

W  F.  BOWERS  &  CO..  409  Market  St..  San  Francisco. 


timw^\  Notice?. 


Gray  Eagfe   Mining  Company.    Location 

of  principal  place  of  business, San  Francisco,  California. 

Location  of  Works,  Placer  Co.,  Cal. 

NOTICE  is  hereby  given  that,  at  a  meetintr  of  the 
Board  of  Directors,  held  on  the  2l9t  ilay  o(  January,  1890, 
an  Assessment,  No.  16,of  Four{4)GeDt8  per  share  was  levied 
upon  tha  Capital  Stock  of  the  Corporation,  payable  ini- 
mediatelv  in  United  States  Gold  Coin,  to  the  Secretary, 
at  the  office  of  the  Company,  Room  11,  No.  303  California 
Street,  San  Francisco,  California, 

Any  stuck  upon  which  this  assessment  shall  remain 
unpnd  on  the  Twenty-fifth  (25tb)  day  of  February,  1S90, 
will  be  delinquent,  and  advertised  for  sale  at"  public 
auction;  and  unless  i  ay  moot  is  made  before,  will  be 
sold  on  Monday,  the  l7tli  day  of  March,  1890,  to  pay  the 
delinquent  assessment,  trgethet  with  the  costs  of  adver- 
tising and  expenses  of  sale. 

By  order  of  the  Board  of  Directors. 

J.  M.  BUFKINGTON,  Secretary, 

Offlcft,  Room  11,  No.  303  California  St.,  Sao  Francisco, 
Californii. 


HORACE  D.  RANLETT, 

Ores,  Mining,  and  Commission, 

420  MoBtKOmery  St..  S.  F. 

Shtp9  under  advances  to  emelting  works  in  Boston, 
New  York,  Baltimore  and  Liverpool. 

Twenty-one  years'  experience  in  Shipping  Orea  and 
Managing  Mines. 

Solicits  Consignments  of  Copper  Produce  and  Manage- 
ment of  Min'ng  Matters. 

All  business  conducted  on  Cash  Basis. 

Purchase  and  shipment  of  Mining  Supplies  A  Spkcialtt. 

Sales  of  Developed  Copper  Mines  undertaken. 

Business  Manager  of  UNION  COPPEa  MINE,  Copper- 
opoliB,  Cal. ;  NEWTON  COPPER  MINE,  Amador  Co. ,  Cal. 


The  Celebrated  H.  H.  H  Liniment. 


The  Explorers'  and  Assayers' 
Companion. 

A  Third  Bdition  of  selected  portions  of  the 
"explorers',  Miners',  and  Metal- 
lurgists' ConipanioD." 

A  practical  exposition  of  the  various  departments  of 
Geolocy,  Exploration,  Mining,  Engineering,  Assaying, 
and  Metallurgy. 

Price,  SO.OO  post-paid.  SoUl  by  Dkwky  &  Co.,  Publish- 
ers, 220  Market  St.,  San  Francisco. 

By  J.  S.  PHILLIPS,  M.  E. 
The  work  Is  divided  into  four  parts—Rochs,  Veins, 
Testing  and  Assaying.  The  i;eological  chapters  are  in- 
tended to  give  miners  a  practical  iflea  of  the  various 
formations.  The  chapters  on  mineral  veins  a^e  derived 
from  long  observation,  and  the  section  on  exploration 
has  been  carefully  considered.  All  that  relates  to  dis- 
crimination and  assay  of  mine<"alB  has  been  kept  as  free 
from  formula)  as  (oss  ble.  The  work  is  written  for 
practical  men.  and  all  the  explanations  and  deecriptiotm 
are  clear  and  to  the  point.  It  ia  so  prepared  that  it  ts 
useful  to  uneducated  men  as  wpU  as  scientists. 


Great  Variety  of  SHOT  GUNS,  RIFLES, 

etc.     Breech-Loaders  from  $4  to  $100. 
SEND    STAMPS    FOR    PRICE    LISTS. 

GEO.  W.  SHREVE, 

525  Kearny  Street.        SaD  Francisco,  Cal. 


The  H.  H.  H.  Xiiotimeiit  U  for  the  treatment  of 
he  Aches  and  Pains  of  Humanity,  as  well  as  for  the  ail- 
ments of  the  beasta  of  the  fields.  Testimonials  from 
importers  and  breeders  of  blooded  stock  prove  its  won- 
derful curative  propertiea.  No  man  has  ever  tised  It  foi 
iu  aohe  or  pain  and  been  dissatisfied. 
H.  H.  MOORE  &  SONS,  Stockton,  Cal.,  Proprleton. 
Fob  Salb  bt  all  DRneeiSTS. 


PRACTICAL 

Books  on  Mining 

AND  IRRIGATION. 

Descriptive  Catalogue  and  Circulars  of  Books  relating 
to  Assaying,  Mining,  E'ectricity  and  Mechanical  Engineer- 
ing, sent  free  on  application. 

E.  &  F.  N.  SPON,  Publishers, 

13  Cortlandt  St.,  New  York. 


Smelter  For  Sale  or  Exchange. 


One  50-ton.  wrought  iron,  water-jacket  Smelting  Fur- 
nace (38"xG0"  at  the  tuyeres)  of  the  latest  design,  wi  h 
Crusher,  Blower,  Boiler,  Pumps,  Engines,  Tools,  ond 
everything  complete  for  immediate  delivery,  and  only 
used  about  six  months.  Cheap  for  cash,  or  Avill  exchange 
for  interest  in  a  Lead-Silver  Mine,  or  erect  in  any  mining 
camp  that  will  guarantee  a  certain  output.  For  further 
particulars  address  Box  28,  Elkliom,  Montana. 


O.    H.  EVANS    &  CO. 

(SucoasBore  to  THOMSON  &  EVANS), 

IIO  and   112   Beale   Street,  S.  F. 

MACHINE  WORKS, 
Steam  Pumps,  Steam  Engines 

and  aU  kinds  of  UACHINEBY. 

ml 
GQ 


FOR  SALE  CHEAP. 


One  new  double  circular  Sawmill  to  carry  60-lnch  bot- 
tom Baw,  with  wrought-iron  bangers  for  top  saw.  Fric- 
tion feed-works,  patent  steel  screw  double-tbrow  head* 
blocks,  with  track  Iron,  saw  carriage  and  frame  complete, 

RISDON  IRON  &  LOCOMOTIVE  WORKS, 

San  Francisco,  Oal. 


Tioga  District  Mining  Company, 

Incorporated  June  11, 1839.    Capital  Stock,  810,000,000 
BUY  AND  SELL 

California  Gold,  Silver,  QulctsUver,  Copper 

and  Lead  Mines 

OP  Ascertained  value. 

Office,  No.  IS  PARROTT'S  BUILDING,  N.  W. 

Corner  of  California  and  Montgomery  Streets, 

SAN  FRANCISCO,  OAL. 

WM.  B.  WIOHTMAN,  Pres.      WM.  H.  V.  CRONISE,  Sec. 


VAN   DUZEN'S 

STEAMjetPUMP 

For  Waior  Supply  Tnalii). 

For  Fire  Puiup  on  Vard  or  SwitobEnelneH. 

For  Round!  ]l4»uNe  4VE>ner:il  IVork. 

For  l>raiuiosl>oii<l».  Vils,  ColFer  Dams,  etc. 

10  SizeN.    »7  to  »~5.    Tlion»utu<lM  iu  use. 

write  for  Descriptive  Pump  Circular,  v 

VAN  DUZEN  A.  TIFT,  CINCINNATI,  O. 


One  Ohmen'8    12zl2  Automatic   EnslDe; 

best  style  in  use    Also,  1  Boiler  48  in.  x  IS  ft.  Both  nearly 
new.    Apply  to     j.  W.  QOICK,  ii21  First  ttt., 
(Top  Floor)  San  Francisco,  Oal. 


Cn^VVABf  irferv  Superior  Wood  and  Metal  Engrav- 
ullKldVIIlK  I118.  BleatrotnitiiF  and  StereotFplDg 
V<Bfl0IUf  lll|^.^Qf  ,ttheofiw  of  khii  paper.        1 


AMERICAN   MINING   AND  STOCK  CODE 

"KELLOGRAPH." 

Indispensable  to  the  Mlnlner  Profession  and 
Useful  in  all  Business  Transactions. 

A  Complete  System  or  Transmittinc:  Telegraphic  Mas- 
eagesby  Code  Cipher  Words  in  a  Legible,  Secret  and 
Economic  Manner. 

OVER   35,000   WORDS  AND  SENTENCES 

Subject  to  transmission   under  intinite  complicatiOD  by 
the  use  of  over  70,000  code  words. 

No  danger  of  publicity  in  telegraphing  matters  con- 
cerning operation  or  sale  of  mining  property.  The  work 
strictly  alphabetical  and  classifled.  The  handiest  work 
ever  published  for  mining  operators. 

PRICE,  85.     Forwarded  postfiaid  on  receipt  of  price  by 

DEWBT  &  00., 

220  MARKET  STREET,  SAN  FRANCISCO. 


FRANCIS  SMITH  &  OO. 

Manufacturers  of 

Sheet  Iron  and  Steel  Pipe 

ALL    SIZES. 

130  Beale  Street,         San  Francisco,  Cal. 


Iron  cut,  punched  and  formed,  for  making  pipe  on 
ground.  All  kinds  of  Tools  supplied  for  making  Pipe. 
Estimates  given.  Are  prepared  for  coating  all  sizes  of 
Pipe  with  a  composition  of  Coal  Tar  and  Aaphaltum. 


Pro.  15,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


119 


Individual  Property  Rights. 


List  of  U.  S.  Patents  for  Paoifio  Coast 
Inventors. 


Webster  detiaes  •oculism  aa  "  a  80(;U1  state 
in  wbiob   there  it  a  oommaDity   of  property 
amoDg  alt  the  oitizens."    It  la  not  io  the  line  of 
oar  present  purpose  to  give  any   special  atten* 
tion  to  the  varions  tbeoriea  that  belong  to  this 
general  class.     Though  widely  different  in  some 
respects,  they  all  have  a  family  likeness.     They 
all  aim  at  the  same  tbing,   the   destruotion  of 
individual  property  rights.     That  private  prop- 
erty is  robbery  is  the  general  slogan.     When  we 
remember  the  fate  of  the  Z^arB,  the  New    Bar- 
monies,  Brooke  Farois,    Oikdales   and   various 
phalansteries  that  have  been  tried,  we  have  in- 
oreated  respect  for  the  rights  of   private   prop- 
erty, and  howtver  muoh  we  would  like    to   see 
change  and  rtform   in   the    present    order    of 
thing*,  we  do  not  oare  for   a   millennium   that 
has  to  be  sprouted  by  a  sort  of  hothooBe  process. 
•'  History,"    says   Carlyle,    "  is    philosophy 
teacbiog   by   example,"   and    it   is  only  by  the 
light  of   experience  that  we  can  thrid    our  way 
through  an  untraveled  wilderness.     Now  it  is 
a  world-wide   experience   that  oivilizitioD  ad- 
vanoes  only  so  far  as  the  right  of   private  own- 
ership is  respected  and  secured.     Adam  Smith 
once  made  the  remark  that  the  seourity  aSoni- 
ed  to  property  in  EagUnd  had  more  than  over- 
balanced  all  the  faults  and  blunders  of  the  Got- 
eroment.     And  there  cannot  be  the   shadow  of 
a  doubt  that   the  wonderful  growth  and  pros- 
perity of   the   United   States   is  owing   to  the 
safegnards  that  have  been  thrown  around   the 
eaoredness  of  property.    Even  the  Government 
will  not  take  a  shovelful  of  soil  from  any  owner 
without  rendering  a  just  oompenaation.     On 
the  other  band,  just  in  proportion  as  property 
is  insecure,  has  been  the  tendency   to  barbar- 
ism.    This  fact  Is  so  obvious  that  it  would  be  a 
waste  of  time  to  attempt   to  prove  it,  and   yet 
we  have  a  lot  of  charlatans  in  politick   econ- 
omy  that  would    burn   the   patent  office,  the 
courthouse   and   Hall   of    Records,    upaet   the 
Civil  Code  and  our  whole  system   of   jurispru- 
dence, get  Into  a  covered  wagon  and  move  back 
to  the  wooda. 

Then  all  history  teaches  that  only  so  far  as 
a  man  is  oertain  to  enjoy  the  fruits  of  his  toil 
will  there  be  any  stimulus  to  production,  thrift 
and  enterprise.  In  all  parts  of  the  world 
where  property  is  liable  to  be  seized  by  some 
petty  tyrant  or  roaming  freebooter,  production, 
trade  and  commerce  are  found  to  exist  only  in 
the  rudest  and  moat  primitive  condition. 
Henry  George's  theory  of  the  Governmental 
ownership  of  the  land  is  already  in  force  in 
some  parts  of  Asia  and  Africa,  and  what  is  the 
result?  Why,  there  is  no  fixed  property  only 
of  the  rudest  kind.  Valuables  are  hid  in  the 
earth  or  carried  away  to  places  of  safety.  We 
refer  to  Henry  George  at  this  point  for  the 
reason  that  his  single-tax  merely  maaka  under 
a  plausible  veil  of  rhetoric  a  scheme  for  the 
confiscation  of  all  private  property  in  land.  Ht 
aaya  in  the  opening  of  Chapter  III,  Book  VII, 
of  "  Progress  and  Poverty  "  : 

The  truth  is.  and  from  this  truth  there  can  be  no 
escape,  that  there  is,  and  can  be,  no  just  title  to  an 
exclusive  possession  of  the  soil,  and  that  private 
properly  in  land  is  a  bold,  bare,  enormous  wrong, 
hke  that  of  chattel  slavery. 

And  further  on  In  the  same  chapter  : 
And  by  the  time  the  people  of  any  such  country  as 
England  or  the  United  States  are  sufficiently 
aroused  to  the  injustice  and  disadvantages  of  indi- 
vidual ownership  of  land  to  induce  them  to  attempt 
its  nationalization,  they  will  be  sufficiently  aroused 
to  nationalize  it  in  a  much  more  direct  and  easy 
way  than  by  purchase.  They  will  not  trouble 
themselves  about  compensating  the  proprietors  of 
land. 

Now  this  means  a  forcible  seizure  and  rob- 
bery. Nationalization  may  have  a  softer  sonnd, 
but  it  means  the  same  thing,  and  onr  ethics 
teaches  na  it  is  just  as  bad  for  a  Government  to 
steal  as  the  individual.  It  is  trae  that  the 
fertile  fancy  of  the  writer  evolves  a  very  pretty 
Utopia  as  brilliant  and  evanescent  as  the  para- 
dise of  the  opium. eater.  Whenever  the  ideal 
millennium  comes,  if  it  ever  does,  and  all  men 
love  their  neighbors  as  well  as  themselves,  there 
will  be  little  use  for  law  and  government;  but 
as  long  as  self-interest  is  the  mainspring  of 
action,  and  it  is  likely  to  be  till  human  nature 
undergoes  a  radical  change,  it  will  be  neces- 
sary to  define  and  protect  individaal  right  to 
property.     

The  Virginia  Chronicle  saya  :  *'  The  daily 
ore  yield  of  Comatock  mines  is  now  np  to  the 
usual  average  of  1000  tons,  and  by  Mirch  Ist 
will  exceed  that  amount.  The  bullion  product 
of  that  quantity  of  ore  does  not  fall  short  of 
$20,000,  aggregating  $600,000  monthly,  and  the 
yield  of  the  lode  of  the  current  year  is  expected 
to  exceed  §8,000,000." 

The  old  Con,  Virginia  abaft  and  the  Hale 
and  NorcroBS  shaft  on  the  Comatock  are  not  in 
very  good  working  order,  owing  to  the  steady 
movement  of  the  ground,  and  men  are  at  work 
repairing  them  to  admit  of  the  free  movement 
of  the  cages  up  and  down  the  shafts. 

Agents  of  Lord  Francis  Godolphin  Osborne 
of  Giengora,  Berkshire,  England,  have  pur- 
chased a  group  of  mines  on  the  San  Pedro 
rivflr,  near  Dudleyville,  Arizona,  for  the  sum 
of  $500.000.^ 

Chili  exported  last  year  23,500  tona  of  fine 
copper. 


Beported  by  Dewey  St  Oo..  Pioneer  Patent 
SoUoltora  for  Paoifio  Statee. 

FOR  WEEK  ENDING  JAN.  a8,  i8qo. 

430,227.—  Device  for  Swinging  Sliding 
Sashls— S.  R.  Deacon,  Los  Angeles,  Cal. 

420,424.  — Ore-Feeder— P.  Hinkle,  S.  F. 

420.425. — Sash  Balance— Bcnj.  Marshall,  S.  F. 

420.427.— Sugar  Cane  Slicer— J.  N.  S.  Will- 
iams, Honolulu,  H.  I. 

420,161.— Holdback  for  Vehicles— W.  G. 
Lansing,  S.  F. 

FOR    week    ending   FEB.    4,    189O. 

430.489.— Gate— J.  W.  Bain,  Gonzales,  Cal. 

420,530. — MiTER-Box— F.  V.  Carman,  Oakland, 
Cal. 

420,532. — Dental  Plugger— H.   Craifiie,  S.  F. 

420,439.— Hinge  for  Window-Sashes— G.  D. 
Crocker,  Oakland.  Cal. 

420,678.  —  Device  for  Transmitting  Motion— 
J.  W.  Eisenhuth.  S.  F. 

420,512. — Thrasher— B.  Holt,  Stockton,  Cal. 

420,600.— Latch  and  Lock— H.  O.  Hooper, 
Eureka,  Cal. 

420  725.  — Lifting  Goods  From  Shelves— J. 
H.  Jeffrey,  Crescent  City,  Cal. 

420.626.— Dynamite— E.  Judson,  S.  F. 

420.806. — Fkuit-Pitter— A.  A.  Kent,  San  Jose, 
Cal. 

420,937.- Froit-Pitter — A.  A.  Kent,  San  Jose, 
Cal. 

420,559— Portable  Ash-Basket— Elizabeth  J. 
Lincoln.  S.  F. 

420,560,— Chart  Stand — Fannie  L.  Matson, 
San  Jose,  Cal. 

420,561.- Draw-Head  for  Cars— C.  &  R.  Mc- 
Afee. Portland,  Ogn. 

420,914. — Tuning  Pin  for  Pianos-^H.  MuUer, 
S.  F. 

420,519.  —  Calendar  Clock  —  P.  F.  Nilson, 
Phoenix,  A.  T. 

420,542.— Ventilator  and  Center-Piece  for 
Ceilings— D.  O'Leary,  S.  F. 

420.  sso.— Cable  Depressing  Mechanism— F. 
G.  Stillman,  S.  F. 

420,841.— Permutation  Lock— Ada  H.  Van 
Pelt,  Oakland.  Cal. 

420,752.— Collar  for  Pan  Drivers- T.  A. 
Washburn,  Gold  Hill.  Nev. 

420.484.— Instrument  for  Copying  Drawings 
— R.  W.  Whitney,  S.  F. 

42'^.75S.— Appliance  for.  Spinning  Tops — F. 
E.  Wiili-ims,  Alhambra,  Cal. 

420.648  — Insulating  Compound— J,  B.  Will- 
iams, S.  F. 

The  following:  brief  list  by  telegraph,  for  Feb.  11,  will 
appear  more  complete  on  receipt  of  mail  advices: 

California— William  P.  Walling,  Santa  Monica,  ele- 
Tateu  carrier;  Peter  H.  Flynn,  Los  Angeles,  Bofety-bolt 
for  wliiffletreee;  George  E.  Foster,  McPhorsoo,  cbeck- 
hook  for  haroiss. 

Note.— Copies  of  U.  S.  and  Foreign  patents  furnished 
by  Dewey  &  Co.,  in  the  shortest  time  possible  (by  mail 
or  telegraphio  order).  American  and  Foreign  patents 
obtained,  and  general  patent  business  for  Pacific  Coast 
inventors  transacted  with  perfect  security,  at  reasonable 
ratest  and  in  the  sbortesc  tiossible  time. 


Notices  ot  Recent  Patents. 


Among  the  patents  recently  obtained  through 
Dewey  &  Co. 'a  Scientific  Pbess  U.  S.  and 
Foreign  Patent  Agency,  the  following  are 
worthy  of  special  mention: 

Calendar  Clock. — Peter  F.  Nilson,  Phoeaix, 
Arizona.  No.  420.519.  Djited  Feb.  4,  1890. 
This  invention  relates  to  the  claea  of  automatic 
calendars  and  especially  to  that  class  used  in 
oonnection  with  clock  mechanism.  It  consists 
in  fixed  guides  or  supports  on  which  are 
mounted  separate  calendar  cards  or  tags, 
springs  tending  to  force  said  cards  or  tags  for- 
ward, and  oppositely  reciprocating  guard-plates 
operated  by  the  clock  for  holding  the  cards  or 
tags  upon  the  guides,  and  relieving  them  in 
each  a  way  that  one  shall  be  forced  o£f  the 
track  every  24  hours. 

Dental  Plugger. —  Henry  Craigie,  S,  F. 
No.  420,532.  Dited  Feb.  4,  1890.  The  patent 
covers  oertain  constructions  and  combinations 
in  the  class  of  dental  pluggers. 

Gate. — John  W.  Bain,  Gonzales,  Monterey 
Co..  Cal.  No.  420,489.  Dated  Feb.  4,  1890. 
This  is  an  aatomatio  farm-gate  arranged  with  a 
di£fdrent  mechanism  from  those  in  common  use. 
Thrashing  Machine.  — Benjamin  Holt, 
Stockton.  No.  420.512.  Dited  Feb.  4,  1890. 
This  improvement  in  thrashing  machines  con- 
sists in  the  application  to  the  snaft  of  a  thrash- 
ing machine  of  a  frictlonal  clutch  mechanism 
intermediate  between  the  cylinder  shaft  and 
the  driving  gear  with  its  frictional  surfaces 
normally  held  together,  so  that  in  oase  of  any 
sudden  stoppage  or  check  in  the  motion  of  the 
cylinder,  this  intermediate  clutch  will  slip  suf- 
ficiently to  relieve  the  driving  gears  and  pre- 
vent their  breaking. 

MiterBox. — Frank  V.  Carman,  Oakland. 
No.  420,530.  Dated  Feb.  4,  1890.  This  is  one 
of  that  class  of  miter-boxes  in  which  a  swing- 
ing leaf,  adapted  to  receive  and  guide  the  saw, 
is  employed,  said  leaf  being  vertically  adjust 
able  to  receive  dififerent  thicknesses  of  work 
and  adapted  to  be  fixed  at  any  suitable  angle 
to  make  the  cut  desired.  The  patent  covers 
the  peculiar  construction  and  combination  of 
parts. 

Latch  akd  Look  Combined.  —  Henry  O, 
Hooper,  Eareka,  Humboldt  county,  Cal.  No. 
420  600.  Dated  Fdb.  4,  1890.  This  invention 
is  specially  deeigned  to  combine  a  door-lock 
and  latch  in  one  article.  It  consists  of  a  hol- 
low spindle  to  which  the  door-knobs  are  At- 


tached, said  spindle  having  a  projection  upon 
one  side  which  engsgea  the  latch-bolt  so  as  to 
withdraw  it  when  the  door  is  to  be  opened, 
and  in  combination  therewith  of  a  spirally 
threaded  shaft  lying  within  the  hollow  spindle 
and  engaging  a  point  or  projection  within  it, 
so  that  when  the  shaft  la  rotated  it  is  caused  to 
travel  longitudinally  within  the  spindle.  This 
movement  is  effected  by  means  of  a  key  of  any 
desired  construction,  which  is  introduced  into 
the  end  of  the  knob,  and  the  shaft  carries  a 
slide  which  has  a  projection  extending  out 
through  a  slot  in  the  side  of  the  spindle,  so  as 
to  look  the  latch  and  prevent  its  being  with* 
drawn  when  thus  engaged. 

Portable  Ash  Basket. — EHzabeth  J,  Lin- 
coln, S.  F.  No.  420,559.  Dated  Feb.  4,  1S90. 
This  portable  ash-baaket  consists  of  a  movable 
foraminous  receptacle,  which  is  placed  within 
a  grate  for  the  purpose  of  containing  the  ashes 
produced  by  the  burning  of  the  fuel,  and  in 
connection  therewith  of  handles  whereby  it 
may  he  removed.  The  basket  is  placed  within 
the  grate  before  any  fire  is  made.  The  mate- 
rial for  the  fire  is  put  in  the  basket  and  lighted 
the  same  as  in  an  ordinary  grate.  The  basket 
retains  the  ashes,  etc.,  and  is  lifted  out  of  the 
grate  with  the  ashes,  put  in  a  suitable  box, 
and  carried  oat  without  any  dust  or  dirt  being 
made. 

Adjusting  Collar  for  Pan-Drivers. — 
Theo.  A.  Washburn,  Gold  Hill,  Nev.  No, 
420,752,  Dited  Feb.  4,  1890.  This  is  a  novel 
collar  encircling  the  shaft  and  carried  by  the 
driver  of  amalgamators,  settlers,  etc.  The  col- 
lar consists  of  a  metal  ring  having  a  groove  in 
its  periphery.  The  collar  is  feather wayed  on 
the  shaft  so  that  it  will  slide  up  and  down  on 
the  shaft  as  the  shoes  and  dies  wear.  The  col- 
lar lies  within  the  drivers,  and  through  said 
driver  pass  three  set-screws  into  the  peripheral 
groove  of  the  collar  so  that  it  will  move  up 
and  down  with  the  driver.  The  object  of  this 
collar  is  to  prevent  the  driver  and  the  muller 
from  swinging  out  of  their  regular  course. 
New  drivers  often  awing  from  the  very  first, 
even  though  they  are  bored  to  it  closely  to  the 
shaft.  They  get  worse  by  uso,  until  the  shoes 
of  the  muller  will  be  worn  out  on  one  side 
while  those  on  the  opposite  side  will  not  be 
worn  more  than  one-half.  When  a  pan  is  thus 
faulty  it  will  not  do  good  work,  and  there  is 
also  a  great  waste  of  iron;  but  by  the  use  of 
this  adjusting  collar  the  driver  is  held  true  to 
the  shaft  and  will  not  swing  out  of  its  course. 
The  collar  being  a  separate  piece,  can  be  readily 
renewed  when  necfsaary. 

Chart,  Reading  and  Number  Stand. — 
Fannie  L.  Matson,  San  Jose.  No,  420,560. 
Dited  Feb.  4,  1890.  This  is  an  improved  de- 
vice which  is  especially  adapted  for  use  in 
echoola  to  support  cards  or  numbers;  also  for 
maps,  charts  and  other  papers  for  the  pnrpoae 
of  iostruoting  in  schools.  The  present  inven- 
tion is  designed  to  provide  a  simple  knockdown 
stand  or  support  for  varions  maps,  number  or 
word  charts  and  such  other  matter  as  may  be 
useful  for  the  purpose  of  instruction. 

Sugar-Cane  Slicing  Machine.— John  N.  S 
Williams,  Honolulu,  Hawaii.  No.  420,427. 
Dated  Jan.  28,  1890.  The  object  of  this  inven- 
tion is  to  provide  a  cane-slicing  machine  of 
great  capacity,  simple  in  constraotion,  and  not 
liable  to  get  out  of  order.  The  cane  is  sliced 
so  as  to  prepare  it  for  diffusion. 


Sierra  City. 

Sierra  City's  outlook  tor  1890,  aaya  the  TVift- 
wne,  is  better  than  it  has  been  for  a  long  time. 
There  has  been  a  great  depression  in  every  kind 
of  business  here  for  over  a  year  past,  which  is 
owing  mainly  to  the  unscrupulous  management 
of  a  number  of  mining  prospects.  This  is  un- 
questionably the  principal  reason.  We,  nor 
anybody  else,  know  no  other  cause  than  that 
men  with  capital  have  been  humbugged  with  in- 
ferior prospects  so  much  lately  that  they  became 
really  afraid  to  invest  when  they  were  offered 
a  good  mine  and  guaranteed  a  square  deal. 
Capital  is  just  the  thing  a  place  like  this  needs, 
but  so  long  as  mines  that  are  known  could 
never  be  made  to  yield  an  ounce  of  gold  are 
palmed  upon  capitalists,  the  place  will  always 
suffer  for  the  want  of  it.  We  know  that  Sierra 
City  has  some  poor  prospects  as  well  as  other 
mining  districts,  but  we  believe  that  this  dis- 
trict  has  more  good  mines  and  fewer  poor  ones 
than  any  other  place  that  can  he  mentioned. 

The  reason  that  we  have  to  believe  that 
Sierra  City  will  be  a  lively  town  in  the  spring 
is  because  the  following  mines  will  be  in  opera- 
tion then:  The  Young  America,  with  160  men; 
Mountain  Lpdge,  150;  Sierra  Battes,  50; 
Marguerite,  60;  Cleveland,  40;  Salinas  and 
Mercer.  30;  Chips,  25;  California,  10;  Northern 
Belle,  10;  William  Tell,  10;  Butte  Saddle,  25; 
Crowell  Sl  Co.,  20;  besides  several  other  small 
mines  that  work  from  five  to  eight  pen.  It 
must  be  remembered  that  the  mines  mentioned 
above  are  right  in  and  around  Sierra  City.  We 
could  mention  numerous  others  that  lie  in  Gold 
Valley,  only  a  few  miles  from  here,  that  help 
the  town  more  or  leso. 


Oil  in  Fresno,— Oil  has  been  struck  in  a 
well  15  miles  west  of  Huron.  The  flow  is  a 
large  one  and  the  oil  ot  good  quality.  The 
property  belonga  to  a  Los  Augbles  company, 
William  Leete  being  at  the  head  of  the  enter- 
prise. Several  other  wella  will  be  bored  next 
spring. 


The  Fulton  Rock-Breaker. 

(Concludr^d  from  page  109  ) 

out,  as  the  crushing  of  the  rook  upsets  the 
wrought-iron  bars  and  thus  tends  to  force  them 
still  more  firmly  within  the  band.  The  shoes 
and  dies,  after  becoming  worn  on  their  lower 
faces,  can  be  reversed,  thus  greatly  increasing 
their  life.  These  shoes  and  dies,  wherever 
used,  have  given  excellent  satisfaction  and 
will  wear  longer  than  steel. 

The  distance  the  j  iws  are  set  apart  is  regu- 
lated by  means  of  wedges  at  the  back  of  ma> 
chine,  which  can  be  easily  and  quickly  ad- 
justed by  one  nut  and  while  rook-breaker  is  la 
motion.  The  seats  in  which  toggle  j  tints  work 
are  of  steel,  and  can  be  replaced  when  worn. 
Two  pieces  of  gasplpe  are  led  from  each  toggle 
seat  to  the  top  of  machine,  by  means  of  which 
they  can  be  conveniently  oiled.  A  large  open- 
ing in  eaoh  side  frame  allows  the  toggle-plate 
between  pitman  and  swinging  jaw  to  he  re- 
moved and  replaced  when  worn,  without  dis- 
turbing other  parts. 

The  shaft  which  supports  the  swinging  jiw 
is  fast  to  the  jaw  and  moves  in  the  bearings 
on  eaoh  side  frame.  This  overcomes  the  pound- 
ing and  jumping  due  to  lost  motion  which  soon 
appears  wheo  jiw  moves  upon  the  shaft,  as  the 
caps  on  beariugs  can  be  tightened  whenever 
wear  renders  it  necessary. 

The  fiy-wheels  are  fastened  with  taper  keys 
rounded  to  suit  the  surface  of  the  shaft,  so  that 
io  oise  of  aooideut,  such  as  a  sledge  falling  into 
jiws,  the  belt  can  slip  and  rock-breaker  stop 
while  the  wheels  exhaust  their  motion,  thus 
preventing  serious  injury  being  done  to  work- 
ing parts.  The  rock  breakers  can  be  entirely 
taken  apart  for  transportation  when  desired. 

The  general  form  and  design  of  this  rook- 
breaker  ia  such  as  to  insure  the  greatest  pos- 
sible strength.  All  parts  are  carefully  propor- 
tioned, the  metal  being  placed  where  it  will  do 
the  most  good,  and  heavy  tensile  strains  entire- 
ly taken  by  wrought  iron. 

Miners'    Tools. 

Mine  managers,  or  those  under  them  in  im- 
mediate charge  of  the  men  on  each  shift,  should 
always  be  careful  that  every  workman  is  sup- 
plied with  a  sufficient  quantity  of  proper  tools 
in  proper  order.  It  is  damaging  to  the  owners 
to  have  a  number  of  men  underground  without 
good  implements  with  which  to  work.  These 
should  be  kept  always  in  good  order  and  within 
reach  of  the  place  where  the  men  are  at  work. 
In  many  mines  this  matter  is  not  looked 
into  as  closely  as  it  shonld  be,  and  the  conse- 
quence is  that  the  men  lose  time  and  the  work 
they  do  absorbs  more  vitality  than  it  should. 
The  more  a  mine  manager  looks  after  the  com- 
fort and  wants  of  the  workmen,  the  more  will 
the  men  stndy  the  wants  of  the  owner.  Datl 
picks,  etc.,  there  is  little  excuse  for;  but  even 
if  there  are  a  lot  of  sharp  ones  at  the  black- 
smith shop,  on  the  surface,  that  does  the  miner 
b^low  little  good  at  the  time.  They  ought  to 
be  furnished  to  him  where  he  is  at  work,  and 
spare  ones  should  be  ready  at  hand  when 
wanted. 

Mechanics  and  the  Solar  System. 

We  have  received  a  little  book  from  R.  P.  Trax- 
ler  entitled  "  The  Principles  of  Mechanics  as  Ap- 
plied to  the  Solar  System.''  The  author  has  a 
number  of  illustrations  in  which  he  endeavors  to 
show,  by  radiating  lines,  the  manner  in  which  the 
forces  of  the  sun  are  applied  to  the  planets,  and  the 
manner  in  which  the  forces  of  the  sun  and  planets 
emanate  from  themselves.  He  gives  also  his  ideas 
of  the  causes  of  magnetic  currents,  heat,  ocean 
currents,  earthquakes,  etc.,  and  the  principle  or 
cause  of  the  tidal  action.  The  author  hopes 
that  "  the  theories  set  forth  will  be  carefully  com- 
pared with  all  appUcable  natural  phenomena  and 
principles  in  mechanics  with  which  the  reader  may 
be  familiar,  and  that  the  claims  advocated  may  be 
sustained  only  by  the  merits    which    they   possess," 

It  has  been  the  effort  of  the  author  to  describe 
and  illustrate  the  claims  set  forth  in  the  book  by 
principles  that  the  general  reader  can  readily  un- 
derstand and  with  which  the  common  experiences 
of  life  familiarize  us.  The  use  of  technical  terms 
has  been  carefully  avoided  as  much  as  possible,  so 
that  the  reader,  casual  or  otherwise,  may  be  better 
able  to  reject  or  approve  of  the  idea  presented  to 
the  mind  for  consideration. 

It  has  also  been  the  aim  of  the  author  to  repre- 
sent as  nearly  as  possible  the  operations  of  our 
planetary  system  within  a  space  that  will  enable  the 
mind  to  comprehend  the  movements  of  the  planets 
and  comets  revolving  around  the  sun,  making  the 
solar  system  appear  as  a  simple  and  natural  com- 
bined piece  of  mechaniom,  or  a  mere  toy  of  the 
universe. 

The  table  of  contents  indicates  that  the  author 
has  given  consideration  to  asteroids,  axial  inclina- 
tions, comets,  earth,  earthquake,  heat,  Jupiter  and 
his  moons,  Mars,  mean  distances.  Mercury,  the 
moon,  moons  of  Uranus  and  Neptune,  planetary 
formation  and  motion,  moons  and  rin^s  of  Saturn, 
force  and  motions  of  the  sun,  the  tides,  Uranus 
and  Venus.     The  book  is  one  of  70  pages. 

Further  information  of  this  work  can  be  had  by 
addressing  the  author,   No.  240  Sutter  St.,   S,  F, 


120 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Feb.  15,  1890 


JOSHUA  HENDY  MACHINE  WORKS, 


(INCORFOBATED   SEPTEMBER   29^    ISSa) 


Nos.  39  to  51  Fremont  Street, 


-       -       San  Francisco,  OaL 

fflanitfactimrs  of  NEW  and  Dealers  in  SECOND-HAND  BOILERS,  ENGINES,  PDMPS  and  MCMERY 


OF    E-VEIt-S-    "V-A-IilET^Sr. 


"SENSIBLE"   HORSE  POWER   HOISTING  WHIMS. 


-     -'M^^ 


These  Hoisting  Whims  are  built  entirely  of  iron 
and  steel,  mounted  on  a  heavy  base  plate,  and,  con- 
sequently, are  very  durable  and  cannot  be  affected  by 
extremes  of  either  cold  or  heat  or  climatic  influences. 

The  hoisting  drum  is  completely  under  the  control 
of  the  person  in  charge  of  the  hoisting  or  lowering 
throusrh  the  shaft  of  the  mine. 


ROCK    AND   ORE    CARS. 


As  the  drum  is  entirely  independent  from  the  driving  gears,  the  opera- 
tions of  hoisting,  dumping  bucket  and  lowering  can  be  performed  with  the 
horse  in  constant  motion,  a  feature  not  possessed  by  any  other  horfe  hoist  in 
the  market,  and  one  that  greatly  increases  their  capacity  by  avoiding  the 
loss  of  time  due  to  stopping  and  starting  the  horse. 

They  are  very  light  and  compact,  and  can  be  packed  for  transportation 
by  mules.  Their  cost  of  erection  is  veiy  slight;  two  men,  in  half  a  day, 
being  able  to  put  one  in  place,  ready  to  work. 

With  each  Whim,  working  drawings  are  furnished,  showing  in  detail 
the  proper  construction  of  Gallows  Frame  and  foundation  for  Hoisting 
Whim. 


We  Carry  in  Stock  the  Following  Sizes,  viz.: 
KTO.    1. — 

Capacity  with  One  Horse  and  Single  Line,  800  Pounds,  75  Feet 

per  Minute. 
jsro,  2. — 

Capacity  with  One  Horse  and  Single  Line,  500  Pounds,  125  Feet 

per  Minute. 

Weight  of  Machine,  1200  Pounds.    Total  Shipping  Weight,  Including 
Sweep,  Levers  and  Sheaves,  1400  Founds. 


I 
I 


FRISBEE  WET  MILL. 

This  Mill,  with  a  weight  of  less  than  9000  pounds, 

has  a  capacity  of  three  tons  per  hour  of  hard 

quartz  to  40  mesh ;  has  been  thoroughly 

tested ;  we  guarantee  its  work  as 

represented,  and  we  will  give 

long  time   trial. 


Lubricating  Compound  and  Cups. 


IT    HAS  NO  MORE  WEARING  PARTS  THAN  CORNISH  ROLLS 

And  renewals  will  not  coat  over  one-half  as  mach  as  for  stamps.  Will  run  empty,  or  with  small 
amonnt  of  ore  withont  injury.  The  attention  of  parties  having  Cement  Gravel  is  called  to  this 
Mill,  as  it  will  run  100  tons  per  day  to  Ko.  8  mesh;  30  to  35  H.  P. 

OUR  DRY  MILLS  are  the  most  economical  ever  built,  and  are   extensively  used  with 
record  of  several  years.    No  grinding  in  nans.    Mill  finishes  to  any  fineness  desired. 

FRISBEE-LUCOP  MILL  COMPANY. 

GIDEON  FRISBEE,  Manager,       -       -       59  &  61  First  Street,  San  Francisco 
HOOKER  &  LAWRENCE,  Gen'l  Ag'ts,  145  Broadway,  New  York. 


1868. 
Manufacture  commenced  a 
Albany,  ^ew  York. 

1876. 

Introduced  by  us  on  Pacific 
Coast, 

1889. 

Cheap  imitations  having  had 
time  to  show  that  they  are  the 
most  expensive  in  the  end,  the 

Sales  of  the  Genuine  Albany 
Compound  are  Larger  than 
ever  before, 


England,   Belgium, 
France, 

And   other   Foreign  Countries 
are  now  Large  Consumers, 


We  are  also  Sole  Agents  for 
the 

Albany  Cylinder  Oils, 
Albany  Spindle  Oils,  Etc. 


FOR    SALE     ONLY    BY 


TATUM  &  BOWEN, 

Sole  Agents  for  the  Pacific  Coast, 

Dealers     in     Improved    Woodworking     Machinery, 

Sawmill  Machinery,  Engines,  Boilers,  Ironworking  machinery.  Supplies,  Etc. 

Sole  Agents  for  Hoe  Chisel-Tooth  Saw,  Gardner  Governor,  Schultz 
Leather  Belting,  Etc. 

34  AND  36  FREMONT  STREET,  SAN  FRANCISCO. 

85  FRONT  STREET,  PORTLAND,  OR. 


Feb.  15,  1890,] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


121 


AMALCftMATIHC  MACHINERY. 

stamp  Mills  (or  Wei  or  Drj  Crushing. 
Huntington  Centrifugal  Quartz  Mill.  Drying 
Cylinders.  Amalgamaling  Pans,  Settlers, 
Agitators  and  Concentrators.  Retorts,  Bul- 
lion and  Ingot  Moulds,  Conveyors,  Elevators, 
Bruckners  and  Howell's  Improved  White's 
Roasting  Furnaces,  Etc. 


FRASER  &  CHALMERS, 

MINING  MACHINERY 


IMPROVED  CORLISS  val^'veVteIm    ENGINES.        'A 


CONCENTRATING  MACHINERY. 

Blake.  Dodgo  and  Comet  Crushers.  Cornish 
Crushing  and  Finishing  Rolls,  Harti  Plunger 
and  Collom  Jigs.  Frue  Vannor  &  Embrey 
Concentrators,  Evans',  Calumot.  Cotlom's 
and  Rlttenger's  Slime  Tables.  Trommels, 
Wire  Cloth  and  Punched  Plates.  OreSam- 
ple   Grinders  and  Heberle  Mills. 

D/\ll    FDO    HORIZONTAL,    VERTICAL 
DVll  UtKd    ...  AND  SECTIONAL.  ..  . 


-xB£Pitov"]so   ^i^mM^ws.  mwjkWK^m 


Hoisting  Engines, 
Safety  Cages, 

Safety  Hooks, 

Ore  CARS,  WATER& Ore 
BUCKETS, 

Air  Connpressors, 

Rock  Drills,  Etc. 

GENERAL  MILL  AND 
MINING  SUPPLIES,  ETC, 
Sectional  Machinery 

FOR 

MULE-BACK  i 

TRANSPORTATION. 


Pumping  Engines 

and  Cornlsl'i 

Pumping  Maclilnerv, 

IMPROVED 
WATER   JACKET 

Blast  Furnaces  for 
Calena&  CopperOres, 

SLAG  CARS  AND  POTS, 

Roots  &  Baker 
Pressure  Blowers, 

SUSPENDED 

TRAMWAYS. 


General  Offices  and  Works:     FULTON  AND  UNION  STS.,  CHICAGO,   ILL. 


DDAUPU    nCCiOCQ'    NEW  YORK,  Room  43, 
DBHWUn   UrriljCO.       y  ^_  second  South 
Qalle  de  Juarez.        LIMA,  PERU,  South  America. 
SOLIi;    ■WESTERN    AGENT3     FOR 


,  No.  2  Wall  St.        DENVER,  COLO.,  1316  Eighteenth  St.       SALT  LAKE   CITY,  UTAH, 
St.       LONDON,  ENC,  23   Bucklerebury,  E.   C.       CHIHUAHUA  CITY,    MEXICO,  No.  I  I 
JOHANNESBURG,  TRANSVAAL,  South  Africa. 
TYLER    ^!7IRE    'WORKS    DOOBIiB    ORIMPBD    MINING    CLOTHS. 


fAetalllirgy  apd  Ore^. 


SELBY 

SMELTING  and  LEAD  CO.. 

416  Montgomery  St.,  San  Franci»co. 

GOLD    AND    SILVER    REFINERY 
And  Assay  Office. 

Highest  Prices  Paid  for  Gold,  Silver  and 
Lead  Ores  and  Solphnrets. 

UANUPAOTDRBRB  OF 

BLUESTONE, 

LEAD  PIPE, 

SHEET  LEAD, 

SHOT,  Etc.,  Etc. 

ALSO  MANITPAOTnaERil    OK 

Standard    Shot-Gun    Cartridges, 

Under  Cbamberlin  Patent 


THE     FELTOIT     TVATER     "WHEEL 

GIVES    THE    HIGHEST    EFFICIENCY    OF    ANY    WHEEL    IN    THE    WORLD. 


i^V^ 


% 


OVER  800  ALREADY  IN  USE. 

AffordB  the  Moat  Simple  and  Reliable  Power  for  all 
Mining  and  Manufaotaring  Machinery. 

Adapted  to  heads  ranning  from  20  up  to  2,000  feet. 

From  12  to  20  per  cent  better  results  guaranteed  than 
can  be  produced  from  any  other  Wheel  in  the  Coantry. 

ELECTRIC  TRANSMISSION. 

Power  rom  these  Wheels  can  be  transmitted  long 
distances  with  small  loss,  and  is  now  extensively  used  in 
all  parts  of  the  country  for  generating  both  power  and 
light. 

APPLICATIONS 

Should  state  amount,  and  head  of  water,  power  required, 
and  for  what  purpose  ;  with  approximate  length  of  pipe ; 
also,  whether  the  application  is  with  reference  to  IFAee^a 
or  MoiOTB  described  below.     SEND  FOR  CIRCULARS. 

The  Pelton  Water  Wheel  Co. 

121  MAIN  ST.,  SAK  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 

I^ESXjTOKT      "Wja.TE3n      3Vfl:<3TOrLS- 

Varyiag  from  the  fraction  of  1  up  to  15  and  20-horse  power.     Unequaled  for  all  light-runniner  machinery.    Warranted  to  develop  a  given 
amount  of  power  with  one-balf  the  water  required  by  any  other,     m-  SEND  FOR  MOTOR  CIRCULAR.     ADDRESS  AS  ABOVE. "^Si 


JAMBS    LBFFBL'S 

Mining  Turbine  Water  Wheel. 

These  Wheels  are  designed  for  all  purposes  where  limited  quantities  of  water  and 
high  beads  are  utilized,  and  are  guaranteed  to  give  more  power  with  lees  water  than 
any  other  wheel  made.  Bein^  placed  on  horizontal  shaft,  the  power  la  transmitted 
direct  to  shafting  by  belts,  dispensing  with  gearing. 

Estimates  furnished  on  application  for  wheels  specially  built  and  adapted  in 
capacity  to  suit  any  particular  case. 

Further  information  can  be  obtained  of  this  form  of  construction,  as  well  as  the 
ordinary  Vertical  Turbines  for  Wooden  Penstocks  and  in  Iron  Globe  Cases,  free  of  cost, 
by  applying  to  the  manufacturers. 

JAMES    LEFPEL    &    OO., 
Springfield,  Ohio,  or  110  liberty  St.,  New  York. 

FRASER    &    CHALMERS,  General  Aeents, 

OhlcaETO,  111.,  and  Denver.  Col. 

PABKB    a    LACY.  General  Agents,  San  Francisco,  CaL 


CALIFORNIA    IRON  YARD. 

HENRY  J.  ROGERS  &  OO. 

Successors  to  CHA3.  CALLAHAN 

IMPORTERS  AND  SEALBBS  IN 

CAST  and  WROUGHT  IRON  SCRAP 

SECOND-HAND     BOII.BRS 

AND  OLD  DIACHINERT 

Of  every  deaorlption. 

Tie  HiglEst  Price  pall  for  all  MMs  of  Metals, 

Office  and  Yard:    1S8  and  130  Folsom  St.,  S.  F 
Telephone  No.  67. 


FOR  SALE 

Hydraulic  Mining  Property  in  Souinern  Oregon.  Good, 
Extensive.    For  particulars  (Principals  only)  address, 

"A.M.,"  Box  77, 

Qranta  Pass,  Oregon, 


THOMAS  PRICE  &  SON, 

Assay  Oflace,  Chemical  Laboratory, 

BULLION  ROOMS  and  ORE  FLOORS, 

524  Sacramento  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal, 

COIN  RETURNS  ON  ALL  BULLION  DEPOSITS  IN  24  HOURS. 

WORKING    TESTS    OF    ORES    BY    ALL    PROCESSES. 

SPECIAL  ATTENTION  PAID  TO  CONCENTRATION  OF  ORES. 
Ores  Received  on  Oonsignmeiit,  Sampled,  Assayed,  and  Disposed 
of  in  the  Open  Market  to  the  Higbeat  Bidder. 


JOHN  TAYLOR  &  CO.. 

IMPOHTBRS  AND  DKALRHS  IN 

ASSAYERS'    MATERIALS,    MINE 
AND  MILL  SUPPLIES, 

ALSO  CHEMICALS,    AND    PHYSICAL,  SCHOOL    AND 

CHEMICAL  APPARATUS. 
63  &  65  First  St.,  oor.  Mission,  San  Francisoo. 
Ay— ^      We  would  call  the  attention  of 


Assayers,  Chomiats,  Mining  Com- ' 
paniea,  Milling  Companies,  Pros- 
pectors, etc.,  to  our  full  stock  of  

Balances,  Furnaces,  MufSes,  Crucibles,  Soori- 
flers,  etc.,  inoluding,  also,  a  full  stock  of 
Chemicals. 

Having  been  engaged  in  furnishing  those  sup- 
plies  6ino(  the  first  discovery  of  mines  on  the 
Pacific  Coast,  we  feel  confident  from  our  experi- 
ence we  can  well  suit  the  demand  for  these 
goods,  both  as  to  quality  and  price. 
Jfflw  Agents  for  the  Morg:an  Craclble  Co., 
^=^==^  Bftttersea,  England.  Also  for  E.  G.  Dennis- 
ton's  Silver  Plated  Amalgam  Plates.  The  plates 
of  this  well-known  manufacturer  are  thoroughly  relia- 
ble, and  full  weight  of  Silver  guaranteed.  Orders  taken 
at  bis  lowest  prices.  Our  Illustrated  Catalogue  and  As 
say  Tables  sent  free  on  application. 

JOHN  TAYLOR  A  OO. 


Nevada  Metallurgical  Works, 

NO.  23  STEVENSON  STREET. 

Near  First  and  Market  Streets,  S.  F. 

C.  A.  Ldokbardt,  Manager.  Ebtabusbbd  IS69 

Ores  worked  by  any  Prooesa. 

Ores  Sampled, 

Assaying  in  all  its  Branches, 

Analyses  of  Ores,  Minerals,  Waters,  eto. 

Working  Tests  (practical)  Made, 

Plans   and   Specifications   furnished  for  tbe 
moat  suitable  Process  for  Working  Ores. 

Special  attention  paid   to  Examinations  of 
Mines;  Plans  and  Reports  furnished, 

O.  A.  LUOKHARDT  ft  OO^ 
(Formerly  Huhn  &  Luokhardt, 

Mlnlzmr  Eneineers  and  Metalluraists 


GREAT    REDUCTION! 

BATTERY    SCREENS. 

Best  and  Cheapest  In  America. 

No  imitation,  no  deception,  no  planished  or  rotten 
Iron  uaed.  Only  genuine  Russia  iron  In  Quartz  Soreene. 
Plaoishcd  iron  screens  at  nearly  half  my  former  rates. 

I  ha\e  a  large  supply  of  Battery  Screens  on  hand 
suitable  for  the  Huntington  and  all  Stamp  Mills,  which  i 
will  Bell  at  20  per  cent  diacount. 


PERFORATED  SHEET  METAL 

For  Flour  and  Rice  Mills,  Grain  Separators,  Revolving 
and  Shot  Screens,  Stamp  Batteries  and  all  kinds  of  Min 
ingand  Milling  Machinery.  Iron,  Steel,  Copper,  Brass. 
Zinc  and  other  metals  punched  for  all  uses. 

Inventor  and  Manufacturer  of  the  celebrated  Slot  Cut 
or  burred  and  Slot  Punched  Screens. 

Mining  Screens  a  specialty,  from  No.  1  to  15  (fine). 
Orders  promptly  attended  to. 

San  Francisco  Pioneer  Screen  Works, 


ei  &  %%Z  First  St., 


San  Francisco,  Cal. 


JOHX  W.  QUICK.  Proprietor. 


WINCHESTER  HOUSE. 


41  Third  Street, 


San  Francisco,  CiJ, 


This  Fire  proof  Brlclt  Buildinjr  iB  centrally  located,  in 
the  tiealtbiest  part  of  the  city,  only  a  balf  blocif  from  the 
Grand  and  Palace  Hotels,  and  close  to  all  titeumboat  and 
Railroad  Offlces. 

Laund  ry  Free  for  the  use  of  Families. 

HOT  AND  COLD  BATHS  FREE. 


Terms,  Board  and  Room,  $1.00  per  Day 

And  Upward. 

Booms  with  or  without  Board, 

Free  Coach  to  the  House, 


122 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Feb.  15,  1890 


n^AF^KET   JXEPOF^TS. 


Local  Markets. 

San  Francisco,  Feb.  13,  1890. 
General  trade,  particularly  in  groceries,  shows 
continued  improvement  as  transportation  facilities 
increase.  Cold,  drying  winds  the  past  few  days 
have  dried  ioterior  roads  and  admit  of  freer  com- 
munication. Among  iron-workers  there  is  nothing 
new  to  report;  the  same  hopeful,  confidential  feel- 
ing in  the  near  future  still  obtains. 

In  the  local  market,  money  is  easier.  The  banks 
no  longer  feel  like  throwing  an  applicant  for  ac- 
commodations out  of  doors,  but,  on  the  contrary, 
are  aiFable  and  obliging.  The  fears  of  floods  have 
subsided,  inland  transportation  is  resumed,  business 
reviving,  remittances  coming  in,  and  last,  but  by 
no  means  the  least,  the  cities,  counties  and  State 
treasurer  are  paying  out  moneys.  They  will  dis- 
burse within  the  next  30  or  40  days  over  $[5,000.- 
000,000.  This  large  sum  of  money  will  soon  after 
disbur'^ement  find  its  way  into  general  circulation. 
The  Diector  of  the  Mint  places  the  stock  of  gold 
and  silver  coin  in  the  United  States  on  February 
I,  1890,  as  follows:  Gold  coin,  $690,980,770;  sil- 
ver coin,  $441,204,404;   total,  $1,132,185,174. 

MEXICAN  DOLLARS— The  market  is  essen- 
tially unchanged.  The  call  is  still  light.  The  price 
at  the  close  is  755^@76  cents. 

SILVER —  The  market  had  a  decided  setback 
the  past  week.  The  decline  was  largely  due  to  a 
press  telegram  that  private  bankers  had  succeeded 
in  preventing  the  Bank  of  England  from  issuing 
£1  notes  against  silver  bullion  held  by  the  institu- 
tion. This  and  other  points  are  discussed  in  the 
editorial  department  of  to-day's  paper.  Exporters 
are  not  in  the  market,  not  being  able  to  pay  Mint 
prices. 

London  cables  came  through  to-day,  quoting  sil- 
ver at  43^d.  New  York  in  sympathy  fell  to  955^ 
cents.  In  our  market,  exporters  are  unable  to  buy, 
owing  to  the  great  scarcity  of  bullion  and  also  to  the 
Mint  paying  higher  than  quoted  in  New  York.  The 
Mint  paid  the  past  week  ^7%  cents,  then  dropped 
to  97J^  cents,  afterward  dropped  to  965^  cents,  and 
to-day  ( Thursday)  the  price  is  96  cents  with  no 
sellers. 

QUICKSILVER— Receipts  the  past  week  aggre- 
gate  491  flasks.  The  market  shows  more  activity. 
The  steamer  to  sail  for  Panama  on  Saturday  of  this 
week  will  take  out  considerable  for  Mexico. 

BORAX— Receipts  the  past  week  aggregate  264 
ctls.     The  market  is  firm  at  a  slight  advance. 

ANTIMONY— The  market  is  bare  of  supplies, 
and  consequently  quotations  are  withdrawn.  New 
York  is  quoted  lower,  owing  to  the  free  arrival  of 
supplies. 

LIME— Receipts  the  past  week  aggregate  2054 
bbls.     The  consumptive  demand  is  increasing. 

LEAD — The  market  shows  continued  steadiness. 
The  State  consumption,  it  is  claimed,  will  be  this 
year  largely  in  excess  of  that  of  1889. 

TIN — The  market  for  both  pig  and  plate  continues 
to  favor  buyers.  Heavy  stocks  and  forced  realizing 
sales  have  been  against  holders.  Our  market  is  con- 
siderably below  the  parity  of  primary  markets.  Im- 
parts the  past  week  aggregate  1045  ingots. 

COPPER — We  make  several  changes  in  local 
quotations.  The  New  York  and  foreign  markets 
have  shaded  off  slightly,  yet  all  advices  indicate  that 
the  undertone  is  healthy.  The  consumption  con- 
tinues to  increase  as  the  many  ways  lor  which  the 
metal  can  be  utilized  enlarges.  A  movement  is  on 
foot  at  the  East  to  put  copper  either  on  the  free  list 
or  else  have  the  tariff  reduced. 

IRON — There  have  been  more  sales  of  odd  and 
end  parcels  —  a  cleaning-up-like  by  some  holders. 
The  market  is  firm  without  any  particular  change 
to  note.'  The  expected  decline  abroad  in  prices  was 
not  as  serious  as  many  had  been  led  to  expect. 
The  general  situation  the  world  over  appears  to  be 
in  favor  of  holders,  and  the  setback  in  the  markets 
is  looked  upon  as  a  favorable  sign. 

COAL— Imports  the  past  week  aggregate  as  fol- 
lows :  Tacoma,  4700  tons;  Seattle,  5482;  Nanaimo, 
9763;  Coos  Bay,  1965;  Departure  Biy,  3081  ;  New- 
castle, 4070;  overland,  20;  Port  Townsend,  mo. 
Total  30,171  tons.  The  heavy  importation  of  coast 
had  no  effect  on  the  market  for  household  coals. 
The  market  for  all  grades  has  a  strong  tone,  due  to 
confirmed  advices ot  discontent  among  tbe  miners  in 
the  British  Columbia  mines.  It  is  said  that  the  miners 
threaten  to  strike  if  their  present  pay  is  interfered 
with,  while  others  again  claim  that  there  are  other 
causes  aside  from  this.  What  gave  color  to  the 
serious  state  of  affairs  at  the  romes  is  the  fact  that 
the  mine-owners  entered  the  market  to  buy  up  all 
the  English  and  Australian  coals  to  arrive.  In  this 
they  did  not  succeed,  owing  to  holders  of  the  latter 
asking  more  money.  The  consumption  of  steam 
continues  to  increase. 


San  Francisco  Metal  Market. 

WHOLH3AI.E. 

Thursday,  February  13, 1890. 

iNTIMONY — 25   " 

BoKAX:— Refinod,  in  carload  lots , 

Powdered  "         "       " 

Concentrated       "  "        " 

All  grades  jobbing  at  an  advance. 
Copper— 

Bolt _ 

Sheathin?.. 23  @     25 

Ingot,  jobbing 17  @      18 

do,  wholesale 15  @      16 

Fire  Box  SheetB 23  (Q)      25 

Lead— Pig 4J@      — 

Bar 5  @      — 

Sheet. 7  @     — 

Pipe 6@      — 

Shot,  discount  10%  on  500  baga     Drop,  ^  bag.  1  45  ft*      — 

Buck,  ^  bag 1  65  @     — 

Chilled,  do 1  85  @     — 

TiNPLATE— B.  v.,  Bteel  grade,  14x20,  to  arrive.  4  80  (a  4  85 

E.  v.,  ateel  grade,  14x20,  spot 4  70  @  4  75 

Charcoal,  14x20 6  75  la!  7  00 

do  roofing,  14x20 6  00  (3)      — 

do.do,20x28 12  00  @      — 

Pig  tin,  spot,  %?  lb 22  @      — 

COKB-Eng.,  ton,  spot,  m  blk 13  50  (al5  00 

Do,  do,  to  load 14  50  @15  50 

QriOKSiLVJBR— By  the  flask. 5D  00  ®      — 

Flasks,  new @      — 

fflaaVs.  old    35  <a 

Chrome  Iron  Ore,  ^  ton 10  Z0& 

IRON-Ear,  base 3  @       3i 

Norway,  base 43@       Ej 

Steel— EnglUh,  lb 16  (g      20 

Canton  tool 9@       9 

Black  Diamond  tool 9@       9 

Pick  and  Hammer 8  @      10 

Machinery 4@       5 

Toe  Calk 4i(a       — 

Spot.  To  Load. 

[RON— Glengarnock  ton 35  00  @ 34  @  _ 

Eglinton,  ton 35  00  & 32J«^'  — 

American  Soft,  No,  I,  ton.. ^35  00  32i@  — 

Oregon  Pig,  ton @35  00  —  @  — 

Puget  Sound 35  00  @ —  @  — 

Clay  Lane  White (or  28  00  27f@  — 

Shotts,  No.l 35  00  ftf35  00  32i@  — 

Bar  Iron  (base  price)  ^Q),,.      —  @      —  -@  — 

Langloan  35  00  @ 34  @  — 

Tborncliffe 35  00  @ 34  @  — 

Gartsherrie 35  00  (^ 34  @  — 


MINING    SHAREHOLDERS'    DIRECTORY. 

COMPILBD  BYBRT  THORSDAT    FROM  AUVHRTISaUBNTS  IN  THE  MlNlNQ  AND  SCIHNTIFIO  PEEBB  AND  OTHBE  3.  P.   JODRNAIS' 

ASSESSMENTS. 

Company.         Location.  No.  Am't-Lbvied.    Delinq't.     Sale.     Secretary.  Placb  of  Bdsinbss. 

'*"  Sansome  St- 


Adelaide  CopperMOo Ifevada..  1.. 


Lumber. 


Eastern  Metal  Markets. 

By  Telegraph. 
New  York,  Feb.    13,    1890. — The  following  are 
the  closing  prices  the  past  week: 
Silver  in    Silver  in 

London.  New  York,  Copper.  Lead.  Tin. 

Thursday.... 44  5-16       96g  Sl4  20  $3  82j  $20  80 

Friday 44  5-16       08g  14  20  3  82^  20  75 

Saturday  ....44S  96|  14  20  3  82^  20  70 

Monday 44|  961  14  10  3  80  20  46 

Tuesday 44  95|  14  10  3  80  20  60 

Wedueadav..44  96i  14  10  3  SO  20  60 

New  York,  Feb.  lo. — Borax  higher  and  the  sup- 
ply reduced.  California  refined,  9@9Kc.  Copper, 
limited  movement  and  no  speculative  mterest.  Con- 
sumers using  small  lots.  Lake  ingots,  14KC;  small 
loti  said  to  have  been  offered  at  YsC  less  for  next 
month  and  April  casting.  Pig  lead  is  in  moderate 
demand;  prices  steady;  S3.82j^@3.S5  prompt  and 
early  future. 

The  gaaraatee  fuad  of  the  laternational  Es- 
hibitton  of  Mining  and  Metallurgy  propoaed  to 
be  held  in  London  thla  year  is  rapidly  in- 
oreaBlng, 


Pine,  Fir  and  Spruce. 

RRTAIL. 

Rough  Pine,  merchantable,  40  ft 920  00 

41  to  sort 21  00 

61  to  60  ft 23  00 

61  to  70  ft 27  00 

1x3,  fencing 22  00 

1x4,       "       , 21  00 

1x3, 1x4  and  1x6,  odd  lentfthB 19  00 

Second  quality 17  OO 

Selected 24  00 

Clear,  except  for  flooring; 31  00 

Clear  for  flooriog 2  00 

Clear  V.  G.  No.  1  flooring 6  00 

Firewood 14  00 

Dressed  Pine,  floooring,  No.  1, 1x6. . .  32  00 

No.  1, 1x4 34  00 

No.  1,  lix4,  ljx8,  and  odd  sizes 37  00 

All  sizes,  No.  2 27  00 

Stepping,  No.  1 44  00 

Stepping,  No.  2 34  00 

hip  timber  and  plank,  rough 27  00 

Selected, planed  1  side,  av'ye  40  ft. .  29  00 

'*       2  "  '•       ••  "  ..  31  00 

•'  "       3  "  "       "  "  ..   S3  00 

"  "       4  "         ••       '•"  ..  35  00 

Deck  plank,  rough,  average  35  ft 35  00 

Dreaaed,  average  35  feet 40  00 

Pickets,  rough,  B.  M 20  00 

ixli,  4  ft  long,  ^  M 6  60 

Coal. 


JOBBING. 
S17  00 

18  00 

20  00 

21  00 

19  00 
18  00 
16  00 
16  00 

22  00 
28  Oo 


L.Deo    31...  Feb  17...,Marl7..'WHGrave3..  _      

20.. Jan   17.... Feb  21..,. Mar  12,.  A  K  Grim 402  Montgomery  St 

2.. Dec  30., ..Feb  12...,Mar  10..A  S  FOger 213  Frem.jnt  8t 

5. .Jan   14.. ..Feb  17...  .Mar  10.  .T  Wetzel 522  M  ntgomery  St 

10..  Jan    20..., Mar   5....  Mar  28..  N  T  MeHser 309  Moatgomery  St 

25., Feb  11.... Mar  14,... Mar  31.  .0  H  Mason 331  Montgomery  8t 

25., Dec  16.,,,Feb  10, ...MH,r  3. ,CE  Elliott 309  Montgomery  St 

30..Jau   27.. ..Mar   5.,..Mar  2ii..R  R  GrajaoQ 327  Pine  St 

4..Jai    21..,,Feb  25....Mar  17..JMBufflugtOQ 303  California  Bt 

5,. Feb  12  ,.  Mar  24... .Apr  14.. D  M  Kent 330  Pine  St 

50, .Deo  27. ...Feb    3...,Feb  25,.J  Morizio 328  Montgomery  St 

25., Deo   21,... Feb    6.,., Feb  27..<J  EElliott 309  Montgomery  St 

10,  Jan    10.. ..Feb  10., ..Mar  3..PHLeonard 419  California  St 

5. .Dec  21,.,.Jan  28...,Feb  25,.P  WAmeB 51(i  California  St 

25..  Jan   20,... Feb  25..., Mar  24.  .A  K  Dunbar 309  Montgomery  St 

25..Dto  31. ...Feb    5. ...Feb  28. .G  D  Edwards 414 California  St 

6  .Jan   13..,. Feb  17.,..Mar  12..J  M  .rizio 323  Montgomery  Rt 

25.  .Jan     4,.,, Feb    6....Feh  26.. E  b  Holmes 309  Montgomery  St 

2..      30.,  Jan    15.... Feb  26.. .  .Mat  2?,.  A  Waterman 309  Montf^omery  St 

8,.      2i..Jan    18 Feb  15 Mar  10,.  J  C  Eatea 434  California  St 

MEETINGS  TO  BE  HELD. 
Name  ot  Companv  Location.    Seoretart  Opptoe  in  8.  F  Meeting  D4.te 

Commonwealth  Cons  M  Co Nevada., H  Deaa 3''9  Montgomery  St Special Feb  13 

Standard  Cona  Mfo California,. J  W  Pew 310  Pine  at Annual !..'!!. Feb  17 

Watt  Blue  Gravel  M  Co California,. G  A  Eerton 313  Montgomery  St Annual !!!".Feb  17 

LATEST  DIVIDENDS— WITHIN  THBBE  MONTHS. 
Name  op  Oompant.  Location.     Seoebtaby,  Office  in  8.  F  Amottnt.  Payable 

Champion  M  Oo T  Wetzel 522  Montgomery  St 10...^ Jan  20 

Caledonia  MO Nevada,.  AS  Obemlnant 328  Montgomery  St 08 ,.  Aug  6 

Con  California  &Va  M  Co Nevada,. A  W  Havens 309  Montgomery  St 25 ,".',*'.'.'.*' Jan  10 

Derbec  Blue  Gravel  M  Co California., T  Wetzel 522  Montiromery  St 10....",'.'.',!'.'.'.!1  Dec  23 

Idaho  M  Co California ..Graae  Valley 6  00...  .'.    "     **    Nov  7 

Mt  Diablo  M  Co  - Nevada,. R  Heath 319  Pine  St 30 .'....'.Oct  23 

Pacific  Boras  Salt  &  Soda  Co.  ..California,. A  H  Clough 230  Montgomery  St 1  00 '.'.'.".'.Feb  10 


Camp  Creek  M  &  M  Co California..  1, 

Con  StGothardMCo California,.  1. 

Crocker  M  Co Arizona..  8. 

East  E-Ht&  Belcher  M  Co.... Nevada 1 

Exchequer  M  Co Nevada.. 28. 

Gram'  Prize  M  Co Nevada. .24. 

Gray  EaRle  M  Co California., 16. 

Happy  Valley  Bl.  Graval  Co.  .CaUfornia. .  .6 
Mayflower  Gravel  M  Co ..... .  California . .  45. 

Mexican  M  Co Nevada,  .39. 

Miueral  Pang  M  &  M  Co Arizona,.  4. 

Natoma  Water  &  M  Co California. 

Occidental  Coi  s  M  Co Nevada. 

Overman  3M  Co Nevada, 

RU3S-11R&  MCo California, 

Heg  Belcher  St  Midea  MCo Nevada. 

Silver  King  M  Co Arizona. 

True  Cons  MCo California. 


.  2.. 
.  5.. 
61.. 
,  6.. 
5.. 


10  00 
20  00 
30  00 
33  00 

24  00 
36  00 

25  00 
18  00 
24  00 

26  00 
28  00 
30  00 
32  Oo 
S5  60 
16  00 

6  00 


TO  LOAD, 

Per  Ton, I  Per  Ton. 

Australian  ...     7  50  @  7  75|LehighLump..  16  50@17  00 

Liverpool  St'm    8  50  @ Cumberland  bk  16  00@ 

Scotch  Splint,     9  00  @  9  00  Egg,  hard 15  50@ 

Cardiff 9  50@10  00| 

SPOT    FROM   YARD. 


WeUington,., 

Scotob  Splint 9  uO 

Greta     8  uO 

WeatminaterBrymbo.  9  uO 

Nanaimo 9  uO 

Sydney 8  uO 

Qilman 7    0 


Seattle 7  00 

Cooa  Bay 6  00 

Cannel 12  00 

Egg,  hard 18  00 

Cumberland,  In  sacks  16  00 
do.  bulk 14  00 


Bullion  Siiipments. 

We  quote  shipments  since  our  last,  and  shall  be 
pleased  to  receive  further  reports: 

Gerraania,  Feb.  i.  $3751;  Hanauer,  2,  $2550;  Ger- 
mania,  4,  $^855;  Hanauer,  4,  $3550;  Commonwealth 
(for  January),  $138,000;  Savage  (for  January),  $10,- 
069;  Hale  and  Norcross  ((or  January),  $18,035; 
Justice,  s,  $7849;  Cons.  Cal.  and  Virginia,  8,  $94,- 
675;  Germania,  5.  $3210;  Hanauer,  6,  $2250;  Ger- 
mania,  7,  $2696;  Hanauer,  7,  $2900, 

Complimentary  Samples. 

Persona  receiring  this  paper  marked  are  re- 
quested to  examine  its  contents,  term  of  aub- 
soription,  and  give  It  their  own  patronage,  and 
as  far  as  practicable  aid  in  circulating  the 
journal,  and  making  i^s  value  more  widely 
known  to  others,  and  extending  its  influence  in 
the  cause  it  faithfully  serves.  Subscription 
rate,  $3  a  year.  Extra  copies  mailed  for  10 
cents,  if  ordered  soon  enough.  If  already  « 
subscriber,  pleaflo  nhow  tho  paD(«r  to  others. 


PoLLOwrNG  is  tb«  Bwora  statement  of  the 
Con.  California  and  Virginia  mine  for  the  quar- 
ter ended  December  31,  1889,  which  has  been 
filed  with  the  asaesaor  of  Storey  county,  Nev.: 
Produced  35,216  tons  of  ore,  ytelding  bullion 
of  the  coin  value  of  $646,840.48;  actual  coat  of 
extraction,  $248,441.08;  coat  of  redaction,  in- 
cludiner  transportation,  $246  512;  total  coat, 
$494,953,09;  yield  in  bullioa  per  ton.  $18  35; 
net  yield  above  cost  of  production,  $141,886  92; 
bullion  tax,  $4556  60. 

If  the  annual  dues  owing  by  a  number  of  the 
minine  companies  are  not  paid  on  or  before 
Feb.  18  Dh,  the  atoeka  will  be  struck  off  the  list. 
The  annual  duea  are  $100,  and  it  will  take  $1000 
to  replace  them  after  being  stricken  off. 

He  Ate  Wild  Parsnip.— John  Tray  ton 
Fuller,  aged  19,  who  was  working  for  R.  T.  W. 
Smith,  a  Relseyville  farmer,  came  to  his  death 
by  eating  wild  parsnips,  on  the  afternoon  of 
Jim.  28th, 


Mining  Share  Market. 

The  mining  share  market  the  past  week,  while 
dull  and  heavy,  disappointed  the  many  by  prices  for 
the  leading  Comstock  shares  not  going  off  much. 
The  points  have  been  and  are  still  (or  lower  ranges 
of  values,  based  on — well,  in  plain  Eoglish,  because 
the  pool  wants  them.    There  is  no  doubt  but  there 
has  been  some  kind  of  a  development,  particulars  of 
which  are  kept  back  so  as  to  get  in  all  the  stock  pos- 
sible, after  which,  advance  the  market  by  cross  or- 
ders or  otherwise,  and  when  good  prices  are  reached, 
unload  on  the  public  so  as  to  collect  future  assess- 
ments.    If  there  is  a  lingering  doubt  that  this  is  not 
the  case,  the  course  of  reputed  writers  for  insiders 
on  one  or  two  of  the  daily  papers  and  also  the  street 
pointers  in  overdoing  tbe  bearing  business,  ought  to 
be  proof  evident  that  insiders  are  after  stock.    They 
only   see   the  black  side,  and  persistently  ignore  all 
the  favorable  conditions  of  affairs.     The  pool  would 
do  better  to  have  their  tools  act  differently  and  not 
try  to  catch  "  mud-hens"  and  "gutter-snipes"   and 
their  associates.     Never  withm   the  history   of    the 
Comsiock   lode   has   so   much    favorable  deadwork 
been  done  in  the  mines.     Reaching   from    Overman 
in  the  south  end  to  Alpha,  and  even   up  to  Savage 
in  the  middle  group  of  mines,  several  drifts  will  be 
soon  completed,  from  which  east  and  west  crosscuts 
cau    be  run  in  almost    endless  numbers.     Several 
crosscuts   are    being  already  run,  so  it  is  authenti- 
Cilly  reported,  with  a  development  made   in  one  of 
the  mines.     The  drop  in  Chollar  the  past  week  was 
due  largely  to  the  unfavorable  quarterly  report  end- 
ing Dec,  31,  1889.     When    it  is  considered  that  the 
mills    running   on    Chollar    ore    only  commenced 
crushing  in  the  month  of  November,  the  showing  is 
good.     Other  mines,   including  Savage,    Hale  and 
Norcross,  Crown  Point  and  Yellow  Jacket,  will  have 
bad  quarterly  reports  in  one  sense,  but  good  in  an- 
other.    For  fully  one-half  of  the  quarter   only  dead- 
work  was  done.     Had  ore   been   crushed   the  entire 
three  months,  the  reports  would   have  been  exceed- 
ingly good.     Of  course,  the  latter  fact  is  kept   back, 
and  only  the  worst  commented  on    by  inside   tools. 
In  the  outside  stocks,  trading  was  quiet  up  to  yes- 
terday (Wednesday),  when  the  Tuscaroras  showed 
more  activity. 

The  local  money  market  is  growing  easy.  The  city 
treasurer  has  commenced  paying  out  large  sums  of 
money,  and  the  State  Treasurer  at  Sacramento  will 
commence  paying  out  money  next  Monday.  The 
latter  has  over  $7,000,000  to  his  credit  at  Sacra- 
mento, the  larger  proportion  of  which  will  be  dis- 
bursed before  the  end  of  this  month.  It  is  esti- 
mated that  the  various  citie^:,  counties  and  the  State 
will  disburse  within  the  next  30  days  over  $15,000,- 
000.  Of  course,  this  will  make  the  money  market 
exceedingly  easy  very  soon,  when  there  will  be  no 
excuse  on  the  plea  of  close  money  market  for  no 
activity  in  stocks. 

Crown  Point  shipped  over  $16,000  in  bullion  to 
the  Carson  mint  on  Feb.  loth.  Other  bullion-pro- 
ducing mines  will  begin  to  ship  bullion  by  the  last 
of  the  present  week. 

From  the  Comstock  mines  reliable  advices  are 
coming  to  hand,  and  all  point  with  unerring  cer- 
tainty to  the  showing  up  of  something  very  impor- 
tant soon.  While  valuable  ore  has  been  run  into, 
yet  the  work  that  is  being  done  appears  to  be  to  see 
its  extent  and  value  before  giving  it  publicity,  or,  in 
other  words,  buy  up  stock  as  cheap  as  possible  and 
sell  it  out  as  high  as  possible.  The  west  crosscuts 
that  are  being  run  are  closely  watched,  and  with 
every  assurance  that  they  will  not  disappoint  those 
who  look  with  confidence  for  something  of  value  be- 
ing shown  up.  In  Crown  Point  they  are  following 
a  very  rich  streak  of  quartz  running  toward  Yellow 
Jacket.  Other  work  in  the  mine  is  of  an  important 
character,  as  is  the  work  going  on  in  Yellow  Jacket, 
Challenge,  Confidence,  Alpha  and  Con.  Imperial. 
Pumping  of  the  Gold  Hill  mines,  it  is  said,  will  be 
commenced  by  the  last  of  this  month.  In  Potosi, 
Chollar,  Hale  and  Norcross  and  Savage,  important 
work  is  under  way,  particularly  in  the  first  two.  In 
Ophir.  work  is  being  pushed  forward  to  tap  some 
ore  left  there  years  ago,  which  averages  from 
$20  to  $35  a  ton.  Just  as  little  information  as  pos- 
sible is  allowed  to  leak  out  from  the  North  End 
mines,  and,  as  for  that,  from  any  of  the  mines. 
The  superintendents  appear  to  think  that  outside 
operators  have  no  right  to  any  information  further 
than  the  unsatisfactory  skeleton  reports  heretofore 
given.  From  the  Tuscaroras,  private  advices  are  of 
a  more  favorable  character.  It  now  looks  as  if  that 
district  may  prove  the  coming  bonanza  for  the  stock 
market.  From  the  Bodies  our  advices  grow  more 
interesting.  Important  crosscutting  and  drifting  is  be- 
ing done  on  the  700,  800  and  900-foot  levels  of  Bodie, 
with  more  stringers  coming  in.  Perhaps  the  stock- 
holders may  have  made  a  good  move  in  changing 
the  superintendent.  From  the  Quijotoas  good  news 
continues  to  come  to  hand,  but  the  stocks  do  not 
confirm  the  official  advices. 
All  tbe  mills  at  Virginia  City  and  on  the  Carson 


river  are  running  full  time  on  ore  from  the  bullion- 
producing  mines. 

From  the  superintendent's  annual  report  of  the 
Belcher,  the  following  is  obtained:  On  the  1000 
level  in  east  crosscut  No.  i,  a  vein  of  quartz  varying 
from  three  to  four  feet  in  width  was  passed  through, 
assays  from  which  showed  a  value  of  from  $5  to  $20 
per  ton;  crosscut  No.  2,  from  a  south  drift  run  on 
this  vein  30  feet  to  the  foolwall,  developed  a  breadth 
of  15  feet  of  ore,  assaying  from  Jio  to  $18  per  ton, 
and  z^  feel  assaying  from  $25  to  $50  a  ton.  On 
the  200  level.  No.  3  east  crosscut  cut  through  35  feet 
of  quartz,  assaying  from  $5  to  $15  per  ton.  This 
quartz  body  has  never  been  prospected  before,  and 
is  well  worthy  of  further  explorations. 

Table  of  Lowest  and  Highest  Sales  in 
S.  F.  Stock  Exchange. 


THamk  ov 
oompajjt. 


Alpha , 

Alta 

Andes 

Belcher 

Best  &  Belcher.. 

Bullion 

BocUe  Con 

Bulwer 

Commonwealth . 
Con.  Va.  SOal.. 

Challenge 

ChoUar 

Oonlidence 

Con.  Imperial. , . 

Caledonia 

Crown  Point..,. 

Crocker 

BureBa  Con 

Exchequer 

Qrand  Prize. . 


Gould  &  Ourry.... 
Hale  &  Norcross. , 

Julia 

Justice 

Rentuoil 

Lady  Wash 

Mono 

Mexican 

Navajo 

North  Belle  Isle... 

Not.  Queen 

Occidental 

Ophlr 

Overman 

Potosi 

Peerless 

Peer 

Savage    

S.  B.  <iM 

Sierra  Nevada. .... 

Silver  Hill 

Scorpion 

tTnion  Con 

Utaii 

fellow  Jacket 


Week 
Ending 
Jan.  23. 


95    1.05 
1.25    1.30 

1.8i  1.95 

2.40  2.55 

.65 

.50  .60 

.20 

.60  3.80 

4.45  4.75 
1.30 

2.31)  2.45 

a 

.3U 


15 

1.60    1.70 
.20 


2.30 

30 

1.00 

.90 


75 

3.45  3.70 
>)0  .70 
60    1.75 


Week 
Ending 
Jan.  30. 


1.26 

.so 

1.75  1:95 

2.40  2.60 

to  .56 

15  .61 

20  .... 

3  56  3.65 

4.60  4  75 

;  1.40 

2.35  2.45 

'.i'i 

IM  1.65 


Week 

EWDINO 

Peh.  6. 


45 
1.40 


.30 
2.65    2.70 


.95    1.05 


15 

1.65  1.65 
1,05  1.2 
1.90    2.06 

30 

2.25    2.35 
.76 
2.95 


.66 
3.60    3.70 

.60      .65 
1.70 


1  60  1 

1.00  1.10 

1.90  2.00 
,30 


2.26    2.30 

55      .70 

1.90    . 


1.25  . 

45       .60 

1.75  I  86 

2.40  2.6- 

.56      .65 

.42 

.20 

3,35  3  66 

,60  4.8 

.m  1.40 

2.40  " 

....  3.40 

311 

20 

1.60  1.65 


WBBK 
Ending 
Feb.  13. 


4.00 

50      .65 

35 

1.40    1. 45 
2,80    3.06 

.25 
1.30    1.40 

60     ... 

2^65    2^75 
.35 
.85 

!65 

3.65    3.70 

1.00 

1.70    2.0U 

25 


.20 
1.60  1.66 
1.110  1.45 
1.96 


.15 
2.26 


.96 
1.25 


1.70 
2.70 


1.00 

"60 

1  80 

2.80 

,60      .65 

..       .60 

20     .... 

3.40    3,65 

4.65    4.75 

1.30 


2  40 


.76 


.16  .20 

!65  "60 

.35  .40 

1  40  1.50 
2,76  3.00 

.30  .... 

1.26  1  30 

.70  .... 

.25  .... 

.35  .... 

2  66  2.80 
30  .... 


l.fO 
.20 


2.00 

.26 

20    ..   . 

1.65    1.70 

1.46    1.60 

1.90    2.00 


2.35 
66 
1.95    2.06 


Sales  at  San  Francisco  Stock  Exchange. 


Thttrsday,  Feb.  13,  9:30  A.  M, 

50  Alta 1.10 

ICO  Chollar 2.40 

300  Commonwealth 3.63 

300  Del'mnt 80c 


250  Hale&Nor 2.S„ 

300  Lady  "Wash 30^ 

400  N.  Commonwealth.  ..90» 

100  Ophir  3.6k 

6  0  Potosi 1.5r 

50  Union 2.2? 


Don't  fail  to  Write. 

Shoold  this  paper  be  received  by  any  enbacriber  who 
does  not  want  It,  or  beyond  the  time  he  intenda  to  pay 
for  it,  let  him  not  (ail  to  write  us  direct  to  etop  it.  A 
postal  card  (costing  one  cent  only)  will  suffice.  We  will 
not  knowingly  send  the  paper  to  any  one  who  does  not 
wish  it,  but  if  it  is  continued,  through  the  failure  ot  tbe 
anbeoriber  to  notify  us  to  discontinue  It,  or  some  Ine- 
TOODHlhle  pftrty  reqnented  to  nton  It,  we  nhall  pnfllMvelv 
detnand  payment  for  the  time  it  is  sent.  Look  carefdlly 
AT  THB  LABEL  ON  TOUR  PaPEE. 


BUSINESS     OOLLEQE, 

24  POST  ST.,  8.  F. 

FOR  SBVBNTY-FIVE  DOI.I.ABS  THIS 
College  Inatructe  in  Shorthand,  Type  Writing,  Book- 
seeping,  Telegraphy,  Penmanship,  Drawing,  all  the  En- 
^liBa  branches,  and  everything  pertaining  to  busineea, 
for  elz  full  months.  We  have  sixteen  teachere,  and  give 
individual  instmotlon  to  all  our  pupils.  Oar  school  hu 
its  graduates  in  every  part  of  the  State, 

MTSun)  FQK  ClBOimAA. 

B.  P.  HEALD,  Ffealdent. 
O.  8.  HALET,  Secretary. 


SITUATION  WANTED.—Thoroughly  competent  Mill- 
man  and  A  slayer  ot  20  years'  experience,  desires  a 
situation  in  Mill  or  to  take  charge  of  Mill  and  Mine. 
Understands  concentrators  ot  all  class  ores.  Best  ret- 
otenoe.    Address,  "J.  A.,"  Box  2617,  San  FranolBco,  OaL 


Feb    15,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


123 


DOW    STEAM    PUMP    WORKS, 


DOW'S  IMPROVED  STEAM  PUMPS, 


OFFICE    AND    WORKS,    114    AND    116    BE  ALE    STREET,    SAN    FRANCISCO, 

MANUFACTDRER8    OP 

Independent  Air  Pump  and 
Condenser, 

SINGLE    OR    DUPLEX,  ^K^  FOR  STATIONARY  ENGINES  OR  STEAM  PUMPS. 

For   Every    Possible    Duty.  ^ 

POWER  PUMPING  MACHINERY. 

SPEED    GOVEENOES, 

Balance  Valves  and  Pressure 
Regulators, 

FOE  STEAM  PTJMP8.  ETC.,  ETC. 


Mining  Pumps, 

IRRIGATION  PUMPS, 
Artesian  Well  Engines. 


Zltc3>«     XS'tCSii 


CORRESPONDENCE  SOLICITED. 

SEND  FOR  CATALOGUE. 


Vulcan  Iron  "Wo^ks, 

135-145  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


stamp    Batteries,    Pans    and    Settlers, 
"Dodge,"  and  Improved  Blake,  Rock-Breakers, 
"Dodge"  Pulverizers,  Slime  Machines,  etc. 

AERIAL  WIRE  ROPEWAYS. 

CVULOAN    PATENT    SYSTEM.) 

The  cheapest  and  most  reliable  form  of  Transportation  of  Ore,  Coal,  eto.     Saves  four.fifths 
of  the  cost  by  any  other  method. 

SAW-MILL  )  (      CORLISS, 

REFRIGERATING  }  MACHINERY.     STEAM  ENGINES  {  Meyer  Cut-off, 
CABLE-ROAD       )  (    Slide.Valve. 

SPECIAL  MACHINERY  TO  ORDER. 


SHAFTING, 
PULLEYS, 
BOXES, 

HANGERS,  etc. 


REPAIR  WORK  SOLICITED. 


SAN  FRANCISCO  TOOL  CO, 

MANUPAOTURBRS    OP 

IRRIGATING  PUMPS 

AKD 

Machinery  of  all  Kinds. 


PACIFIC  COAST  AGENTS 

BABOOOK    &    WILOOX 

Patent  Water  Tube  Steam  Boilers. 

Estimates  Furnlslied  on  Application. 


''Send  for  Oatalogues. 


CENXRIFITGAI.    PUMP. 


FIRST  and  STEVENSON  STS..  S.  F. 


SQUJ-^XIXS     f^Xj 


i»-flLo:^m"C3-, 


Manufaoturea  from  .strictly  first-rlasa  FIbx  and  pure  lubrieantB.  Superior  to  all  others  for  water  and  steani.  Packa 
with  less  friction  and  makes  a  tighter  joint  than  any  other  packine  made,  s^  Imltationa  of  inferior  quality  hav- 
ing been  put  upon  the  market,  we  have  been  compelled  to  adopt  the  abive  trade-mark,  and  all  of  our  packing  will 
no  »  have  a  RED  CORD  running  through  the  center  its  entire  length.  See  that  you  get  it  and  take  no  other.  Sold 
by  all  Hardware  dealers.  Price,  50  cents  per  pound.  W.  X.  Y.  SCHlCNCKi  Sole  Manufacturer,  222  and 
224  Market  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


X.    S.   '\7'.A.]Nr    '\7\rX3NrSIXj£3    C&3    oo.. 

Importers  and  Dealers  lu 

IRON,  STEEL,  HEAVY  HARDWARE,  CUMBERLAND  COAL,  PERKINS  AND  BURDENS 

Horse  and  Mule  Shoes,  Putnam,  Globe  and  Northwestern  Horaeshoe  Nails,  HARDWOOD  LUMBE^R  AND  WAGON 
MATERIALS,  Blacksmith  and  Carriage  Makers'  Supplies. 

SOLiE    AGENTS     FOR    THE    WELLS    RUSTLESS    PIPE    AND    FITTINGS, 
Specially  manufactured  lor  use  in  Artesian  Wells,  and  for  conveying  water  charged  with  Salts   and  Minerals,  Acids, 
Gases  or  other  substances  of  a  corrosive  nature.     In  building  it  takes  the  place  of  either  black  or  galvanized  piping 
or  gas   water-waste,  etc.    Catalogues  and  testimonials,  from  large  users  in  the  United  States^  Bent  on  application, 

413-415  MAHKET  STREET,  SAV  FRANCISCO, 


s  -A."v  E3     :Di/L  o3Jxr  e: 


BY    USING 


WATER  POWER  TRANSMITTED  BY  ELECTRICITY 

To  Run  your   Mills,   Hoists   and   Trams. 

For  Ciroalar  K^viDg  particalars  send  to 

KEITH    ELECTRIC    CO., 


—  MANnFAOrnEEKS  OF  — 


Apparatus  for  Electric  Light  and  Electric  Power, 

OFFICE,  40  NEVADA  BLOCK, 

Factory,  Stevenson  St.,  bet.  First  and  Eoker,  SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL, 


X888.  X888. 

CATALOGUE    OP    200    PAGES. 


The  matter  Is  readily 
available .  — Tradesman. 

A  Complete  Work. — 
Colliery  Enyineer, 

Handy  for  reference. — 
Min.  and  Sci.  Press. 

Should  be  in  the  hands 
of  every  Engineer  and 
Contract'ir.—  £Jng.  and 
Min.  Journal. 

A  valuable  addition  to 
the  literature  on  the 
bubjeet. — Eng.  and  B'l'g 
Record. 


A  TRE&TISE  AND  HANDBOOK  ON 

ROCK  DRILLING 


-.A.axri>- 


AIR  COMPRESSING 

Mailed  Free. 


23  Park  Place,  New  York, 


In  reality  a  band- 
book. — Am.  Man'factr. 

Supplier  a  long  felt 
want. — Man'frs'  Record, 

This  Catalogue  is  one 
of  unusual  interest  and 
value. — R,  R.  Gazette. 

This  is  a  thoroughly 
good  publication. — £n- 
gineering  News. 

The  useful  information 
will  be  found  specially 
valuable.  —  Eng.  arui 
B'l'g  Record 


LIDGERWOOD  M'F'G  CO 


MANUFACTDRERB     OP 


HOISTING  ENGINES, 

300  Sty'.es  ani  Sizes,  Over  6000  In  Use, 


Siucl  lor  Cata]og:Qe. 


96  Liberty  St,  New 
York. 


34  &  36  West  Monroe 
St.,  Chicago. 


197  to  203  Congress  St. 
Boston. 


PARKE  &  LACY 

Agents, 
San  Francisco,  Cal. 


BSTABLISBBD    1866. 


Pacific   Chemical  Works_. 

HENRY    G.    HANKS, 

Practical  and  Indnstrlal  Chemist,  Assayer 
and  Geologist, 


718  MONTGOMERY  ST., 


SAN  FRANCISCO. 


iWWni  report  on  the  condition  and  value  of  any  mining  property  on 
the  Paoiflc  Coast.  Rare  Chemicals  made  to  order.  Inatruotions  given  in 
Asaaylug  and  Practical  Chemistry 


124 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Fkb.  15,  1890 


Indispensable  to  Zumhermen,  Farmers  and  Mechanics^ 
TWENTrETH  THOUSAND. 

HANDBOOK  OF  USEFUL  TABLES 


Lutnbernsan,  Farmer  and  Mechanic. 


CoiUamuig  direclions  for  finding  the  iulcrest  on  nnj  t 

4,5,0,  TiiudSpercUEit,,  Titbles  of  Interest  at  6  per  cent.,  TTaites 
per  Month  and  Week,  lionrd  or  Rent  per  "Week,  Board,  Seantling 
and  Plank  Measure,  Cu[>ic  Conlenfs  of  Square  and  Bound  Tim- 
ber, Cnbio  Contents  of  Round  Tinilier  when  Squared,  Logs 
Eednced  to  Inch  Bonrd  Measure,  Standard  Contents  of  Logs. 
wood  Measure  in  Load  and  Pile  Cost  of  "Wood,  Cost  of  Lumber, 
Weightof  Grain''  per  Kusliel,  Contents  of  Granaries,  Bins,  etc.. 
Capacity  of  ri-^i./rns,  -n^.i-jiit  of  Sea^^oned  Lumber  per  1,000  feel, 
Weight  of  Snli.l-^  [VT  Cubit:  Foot.  Lic(nors  per  Gallon,  "Wood  per 
Cord,  Leiicili  ..r  Nails  and  Number  in  a  Pound,  and  other  Valu- 
able Tuhle^,  be.^ides  MiscuIlancou.s  and  Useful  Information,  etc. 

In  one  vol  tune.  32mo,  hoavfh.  ViP' pages.  Pnce,  25  Cts. 
^s'TJie  above  or  any  of  our  bools  sent  by  mail,  free  of 
postage,  to  a-iv  o(ldrrss  in  the  world. 
4Sr-0iM-  Caidlogi'C  ofPraelical  and  Scfcniijir  Bools, 
QGpages.,  Svo,  and  o'lir  oilier  Cafalogvei?  and  C/reu/nrs, 
the wh-ote covering  evrrii  branch  of  Science  appUed  to 
the  Arts,  sent  free  and  free  rf  post  age  to  any  one  in  any 
pari  of  the  ivorld  v'ho  u-itlfurnish  his  address. 
HENRY  OAEEY  BATRD  &  CO., 
Industrial  Publiphers,  Bnokscller.s  and  Importers, 
SIO  Walnut  Street,  PHILADELPHIA. 


STEARNS  WI'F'G  CO., 


-MANUFACTURBR8  OP— 


HIGH-GRADE  SAW  MILL    MACHINERY, 
ENGINES,  STEEL  BOILERS,  Etc. 


-IMPOETBRS  OF^ 


Munson'B  Leather  Belting,  Goodcll  &  Waters'  Woodwork- 
ing Tools,  Hill's  Clutch  Pulleys  and  Couptings,  Emerson's; 
Saws,  Emerj'  Wheels,  Tool  and  Knife  Grinders,  Ewart's. 
Link  Belting,  L  &  D.  Wood  Pxilleys,  Hoisting  and  Pile 
Driving  Engines,  Etc. 


RIX  &  FIRTH, 

225  and  227  First  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

Compressed  Air  and  Water  Power 
Machinery. 


KNIGHT'S  WATER  WHEEL, 

For  Mills,  Pumping  and  Hoisting. 

OVBB    300  IN    USE. 
An  egtimates  gfnaranteed.    Seed  for  Circular. 


■WATER  TANKS  1 

CALIFORNIA    WINE 

FULDA  BROS., 

30  to  40  Spear  St., 


WINE  TANKS  I 

COOPERAGE     CO. 

Proprietors, 

San  Francisco. 


ALL  KINDS  OP  CASKS,  TANKS,  Etc. 
i^SHlP,  Mining,  and  Wat^r  Tane.b  a  Specialty. "i 


J.  C.  WILSON.  C.  A.  O'BRIEN. 

J.  MACDONOUGH  &  CO. 

IMPORTERS  AND  DBALEBS  IN 

COAL  AND  PIG  IRON. 


Principal  Office: 

41    MABBa!T  STREET,  CORNER  SPEAR, 

Yards: 

S.W.  Cor.  Spear  & 

t'olsom, 

[Telephone  No.  1864.] 


S.  W.  Oor.  Main  & 
Folsom, 

SAN  FKANCISCO. 


INVENTORS,     TAKE       NOTICE  I 
L.  PETERSON,  MODEL  MAKER, 

268  Market  St. ,  N.  E.  cor.  Front  (up  stairs),  San    Francaico 
Experimeutal  machinerj-  and  all  kinds  of  models.  Tin 
and  brasawork.    All  communioations  stTictly  confiden- 
tial. 


PACIFIC    ROLLING   MILL    CO., 


.MAHUFAOTlTRKRa  OP., 


Cast  Steel  Caslp  ?m  Steel  Fnis 


UP  TO   20,000  LBS,   WEIGHT, 

True  to  pattern  and  superior  In  atrensrth,  tongtiness  and  durability  to  Oast  or  WrouBht 
Iron  in  any  position  or  for  any  service. 

GEARINGS,  SHOES,  DIES,  CAMS,  TAPPETS,  PISTON-HEADS,  RAILROAD  and  MA- 
CHINERY CASTINGS  of  Every  Description. 


HOMOGENEOUS  STEEL. 


SOFT  and  DUCTILE, 


SUPERIOR  TO  IRON  FOR 


LOCOIViOTIVE  AND  MARINE  F0RGING8. 

ALSO  Steel  Rods,  from  i  to  3  inch  diameter  and  Plats  Irom  1  to  8  Inch.  Angles,  Tees,  Channele  and  other  sbape 
Steel  Wagon,  Buggy,  and  Truck  Tires,  Plow  Steel;  Machinery  and  Special  Shape  Steel  to  size  and  lengths 
STEEL  RAIXS  Irom  12  to  46  pounds  per  yard.  ALSO,  Railroad  and  Merchant  Iron,  Rolled 
Beams,  Angle,  Channel,  and  T  iron,  Bridge  and  Machine  Bolts,  Lag  Screws,  Nuts,  Washers,  Ship  and  Boat 
Spikes;  Steamboat  Shafts,  Cranks,  Pistons,  Connecting  Rods,  etc  Car  and  Locomotive  Axles  and  Frames 
aod  Iron  Porgings  of  all  kinds,  Iron  and  Steel  Bridge  and  Roof  Work  a  Specialty. 

HIGHEST  PRICE  PAID  POR  SCRAP  IRON  AND  STEXX. 

i^  Orders  will  have  prompt  attention.    Send  for  Catalogues.    Address 

PACIFIC  ROLIING  MILL  CO.,  202  Market  St.,  San  Francisco. 


FULTON     IRON    WORKS, 

HINCKLEY,  SPIERS   &    HAYES.  Proprietors. 


OfBLoe,   8X3    l^xre: 


[ESTABLISHED     IN    1855.] 


)9«i.xx   IFxmxxolfiioo. 


-MANTTPACTUKBRS    OF— 


TUSTIN'S    PULVERIZER. 


MARINE  ENGINES  AND  BOILBRS.- 
Propeller  Engines,  either  High  Pressure  or  Compound, 
Stern  or  Side-wheel  Engines. 

MINING  MACHINERY.— Hoisting  Engines  and 
Works,  Cages,  Ore  Buckets,  Ore  Cars,  Pumping  Elngines 
and  Pumps,  Water  Buckets,  Pump  Columns,  Air  Com- 
pressors, Air  Receivers,  Air  Pipes. 

MILL  MACHINERY.— Batteries  (or  Dry  or  Wet 
Crushing,  Amalgamating  Pans,  Settlers,  Furnaces,  Re- 
torts, Concentrators,  Ore  Feeders,  Rock  Breakers,  Fur- 
naces for  Reducing  Ores,  Water  Jackets,  efco. 

MISCELLANEOUS  MACHINERY.— Flour 
Mill  Machinery,  Saw  Mill  Engines  and  Boilers,  Dredging 
Machinery,  Powder  Mill  Machinery,  Water  Wheels. 

Tustin's  Pulverizer 

WORKS  ORE  WET  OR  DRY, 


Irop  apd  jVlacliipe  \^\\% 


UNION   IRON  WORKS, 

8AORAMENTO,  OAL. 

ROOT,    NEILSON     &    0O„ 

HAHUFAOTimaEa  OF 

Steam     Engines,    Boilers, 

AMD  ALL  Knroa  of 

MACHINERY  FOR  MINING  PURPOSES. 

Flouring  Mills,  Saw  Mills  and  Quartz  Mills  Machinery 
constructed,  fitted  up  and  repaired. 


Front  St.,  bet.  N  4;  O  Sta., 


Sacramento.  Cal. 


ENGINES^BOILERS 

OF    ALL    KINDS, 
Either  for  use  on  Steamboats  or  for  use  on  Land. 

Water  Pipe,  Pump  or  Air  Columns,  Rsh 
Tanks  for  Salmon  Canneries 

OF  BVBRT  DESCRIPTION. 

Boiler  Repairs  Promptly  attended  to  and  at  very  moaerate  rates. 

AQBKTS  FOR  THB  PACIFIC  COAST  FOR  THB 

I3ea;XX^  S'tea.xxL  3E*"u.aaa.-g5. 

SPECTALTIES : 

Corliss  Engines  and  Tustin  Ore  Pulverizers.  DEANB    STEAM    PUMP. 

Agents  and  Manufacturers  of  the  Llewellyn  Feed  Water  Purifier  and  Heater. 


THE  GIANT  POWDER  COMPANY 

Manutaotare  Three  Kinds  o(  Powder,  which  are  acknowledged  by  all  the  Great  Chemists  of  the  World  as 

The  Safest  and  Strongest  High  Explosives  In  the  Market, 
Ca-I-A-ITT    3E»0-WI>E!H.    or    ^y^S^ jSk.liS.I.'p-El, 

Of  Different  Strengths  as  Required. 

NOBEL'S    EXPLOSIVE     GELATINE,"    which  contains    94  per  cent  of  Nitro-Glycerlne,  and 

GELATINE-DINAMITE,  Stronger  than  Dynamite  and  even  Safer  in  Handling. 

JUDSON  POWDER  IMPROVED, 

FOR  RAILROADS  AND  LAND  CLEARING.  Is  Iromthree  to  tour  tlmesstronger  than  ordinary  Blast- 
ing Powder,  and  Is  used  by  all  the  Railroads  and  Gravel  Olaime,  as  it  breaks  more  ground:  pulverizes  betteflnd 
saves  tune  and  money.    It  is  as  dry  as  the  ordinary  Blasting  Powder  and  runs  as  freely. 

BANDMANN,  MIELSEM  &  CO., 

"""       "   '  G^ENERAL  AGENTS.  s^AN  FRANCISCO    CAL. 


GAPS  and  FUSE  for  Sale 


QUARTZ  SCREENS 

A  specialty.  Round,  slot 
or  burred  slot  holes.  Gen- 
uine Russia  Iron,  Homo- 
geneous Steel,  Cast  Steel  or 
.^  American  planished  Iron,  - 
Zinc,  Copper  or  Brass  Screens  for  all  purposes.  Cali- 
fornia Perforating  Screen  Co..  145  &  147  Beale  St.,  S.  P. 


COAL  MINES  OF  THE  WESTERN  COAST. 

A  few  copies  of  this  work,  the  only  one  ever  published 
treating  of  Pacific  Coast  Coal  Mining,  have  been  ob- 
tamed,  and  are  for  sale  at  this  office  for  82.50  per  copy 
It  was  written  by  W.  A.  Goodyear,  Mining  and  Civil 
Engineer,  formerly  of  the  California  State  Geological 
Survey.  * 


N.  W.  SPAULDING 

Manufacturers  of 
SPAULDING'S 

inserted  Tootli 

CHISEL    BIT 

CIKODLAR 

Saws. 

SAW  MILLS   AND   MACHINERY 

Of  all  kinds  made, to  order.    Send  (or  Descriptive  Cata 
logue.    17  and  19  Fremont  St*.  Sah  FranoUce. 


*0J  'ei8B2 


CALIFORNIA    MACHINE   WORKS, 

WM.  H.  BIRCH  &  CO., 

ENGIN££RS     AND     MACHINISTS, 

No.  119  Beale  St.,      -      -      San  Francisco. 

■ BUrLDBRS  OF 

Steam  Engines,  Saw  Mills,  Mining  Machinery,  Dredging 
Machines,  Rock  Crushers,  Cable  Railway  Machinery, 
Ellithorp  Air  Brake  Co.'s  Patent  Steam  and  Hydraulic 
Elevators,  Air  Cushions  and  Air  Brakes.  POSITIVE 
SAFETIES.  Improved  Ram  Elevators,  Sidewalk  and 
Hand  Hoists.  B.  E.  Henricksoo's  Patent  Automatic 
Safety  Catches.  > 

machines  of  all  kinds  Made  and  Repaired. 
Orders  Solicited. 


Golden  State  &  Miners  Iron  Works. 

Macutlaoture  Iron  Oastinsrs  and  Machinery 
of  all  Kinds  at  Greatly  Reduced  Bates. 

STEVENSON'S  PATENT 

Mold-Board  AMALQAMATOBS, 
Golden  State  Pressure  Blowers. 

BMrat  St.,  between  Howard  Si  Folsom.  S.  F, 


rHOUAS  THOMPSON 


THORNTON  THOUPSON 


THOMPSON    BROTHERS. 

EUREKA    FOUNDRY, 

129  and  181  Beale  St.,  between  Mission  and  Howard,  S.F 

MANlTFADTinumS  OF  0A8TTKGB  OF  BVHRT  DBSORIPTIOS. 


Mining    Engineers. 


W.  A.  GOODYEAR, 

Civil    and    Mining    Engineer, 

MININO  EXPERT  an  OEOLOOIST. 
Address  "  Business  Box  A,"  office  of  this  paper,  San 
Francisco, 


ROSS    E.  BROWNE, 

Mining  and  Hydraulic  Engineer, 

No.  307  Sahsomb  St.,  San  Fbanoihoo, 

ISRAEL  W.  KNOX, 
Mining  and  Mechanical  Engineer 

AND  PtmOHASING  AGBNT  FOR 

Mines,  Hining  Machinery  &  Supplies. 

Mines  Exammed,  Reports  and     Estimates    FumlBhed, 

Contracts  made,  etc. 
OfBce,  237  First  St.,        San  Francisco,  Oal. 


IMPROVED 


CO 


AIR  COMPRESSORS 

For  CATALOGI/ES,  ESTIMATES,  ETC.,  ADDRESS,       |, 

Clayton  Air  Compressor  Works  1 


43  PEY  ST.,  NEW  YORK. 


THE  RUSSELL  PROCESS  COMP'Y. 

TALCOTT  H.  RUSSELL,  Secretary, 
NEW  HAVEN  CONN, 

p.  O.  Box -496. 


This  paper  Is  printed  with  Ink  Manufac- 
tured by  Charles  Eneu  Johnson  &  Co.,  500 
South  loth  St.,  Philadelphia.  Branch  0£a- 
ces— 47  Rose  St.,  New  York,  and  40  La  Salle 
St.,  Ohlcaso.  Aeent  for  the  Padflo  Ooast— 
JOBSph  H.  Dorety.  sao  aoramerolal  St..  S.  F. 


Feb.  15,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


125 


PARKE    &    LACY  COMPANY 

IMPORTERS    AND    MANOFACTURERS    OF 

MINING,    MILL    and    GENERAL     MACHINERY. 


ENGINES,  BOILERS,  STEAM  PUMPS, 

AIR  COMPRESSORS,  ROOK  DRILiLS. 
WALL'S  CRUSHING  ROLLS, 

CONCENTRATORS,  PULVERIZERS, 
TURBINE  WATER  WHEELS, 

ROCK  BREAKERS,  DRY  JIGS. 

Bullock's  Diamond  Drills 


GOLDEN  GATE  CONCENTRATORS, 

GREATEST  CAPACITY  OF  ANY  CONCENTRATOR  MADE, 

One  Machine  Taking  Pulp  from  10  Stamps. 


SAW   MILLS,    MACHINE    TOOLS, 
PLANING  MILLS,  INJECTORS  and  EJECTORS 
BELTING,  PACKING,  OILS,  LUBRICATORS, 
FIRE    EXTINGUISHERS, 
CENTRIFUGAL  PUMPS, 
ROTARY  PUMPS,  GANG  BDGERS, 
CAMPBELL'S    STEAM    FEEDS, 
MILL    and    MINE    SUPPLIES. 


<3-£:sa'Z3xi.u^.3Li    jA.c3rHT^rct3    jpoiE*. 


WESTINGHOUSE    AUTOMATIC     ENGINES. 


L/OM. Jr O  U  In  JJ,  5215  horse  power. 


SALES    DURING    loAST    POUR    MONTHS: 

ST ANnAT^D  ®9  ENGINES, 

O  J.  J^iM  UJX£\iU,    4600  HORSE  POWER. 


Ox-Axxd    T?ota,X,    309    Zlxxglxies,    ..A-ssi^ee^'tlug    X3.975    XXox-se 


TTTMTOT?  166  ENGINES. 

U  LJ  i.N  XV^iV,    4i560  HORSE  POW: 


21  and  23  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco,  Gal. 


'oxicor. 


189  Clarence  St.,  Sydney,  N.  S.  W. 


NOTICE  TO  GOLD  MINERS!         justiniancme, Agent, 

521  &  523  Market  St.,  San  Francisco, 


— BBALHR    IN— 


Assayers'  and  Mining  Material. 


IN   QUARTZ,  GBAVBL,  OB  PLACER  MINES.  MADE  OF  BEST  SOFT  LAKF      UPBBIOB  OOPPBB 

-A-T?     ItE3I>XTOES33     X=*£I.XOZ3S. 

Our  platea  are  guaranteed,  and  by  actual  experience  are  proved,  the  heal  in  weight  of  Sil- 
ver and  durability.  Old  Mining  Plates  Replated,  Bought,  or  Gold  Separated.  THOUSAlSIDS 
OF    ORDERS    FILLED. 

SAN    FRANCISCO    NOVELTY,  GOLD,  SILVER    AND    NICKEL    PLATING  WORKS, 
108  and  1 12  First  St.,  San  Francisco,  Gal. 

^  SEND  FOR  CIRCnLARS. 


— MANnFAOTURBH    OP— 


BATTERY  SCREENS  AND  WIRE  CLOTH 


Ageut  for  HOSKINS' 
HTDBO-CAEBON    ASSAT   FTTRNACES 


IMPORTANT  TO  GOLD  MINERS! 

SILVER-PLATED  AMALGAM  PLATES  for  SAVING  GOLD 

IN    QUARTZ,    GRAVEL    AND    PLACER    MINING. 
PRICES  GREATLY  REDUCED. 

Only  Beflned  Silver  and  Best  Copper  used,    Over  3000  Orders  filled.    Fifteen  Medals  Awarded.    Old  Mining  Plates  can   be 

Beplated.    Old  Plates  Bonght,  or  Gold  Separated, 

These  Plates  can  also  be  purchased  of  JOHN  TAY1.0R  &  CO..  Corner  first  and  Mission  Sts 

San  Francisco  Gold,  Silver  and  Nickel  Plating  Worl<s,  653  &  655  Mission  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  E.  G.  Denniston,  Prop'r. 

Our  Plates  have  been  ueed  for  20  years.    They  have  proved  the  best.    We  adhere  strictly  to  contract  la  vrelKht  of  Silver  and 
OoDuer.      SiliND  FJB  CIBOULAB. 


nxjiM-T^iisrcSr^rc^  isr. 


MANUFACTURER    OF ■ 


ILLS 


CENTRIFUGAL  ROLLER  QUARTZ 

Concentrators  and  Ore  Crushers, 
Mining  Macliinery  of  Every  Description.        Steam  Engines  and  Sliingle  Nlacliines. 

SEND    FOR    CIRCULAR. 


J 


Centrlfng:al  Boiler  Quartz  Mill. 


2X3      ifXH-S-T      SST^H^BETP, 


s.A.3\r    :FXi..A.]Nrcx!5oo,    o..a.Xj. 


PAT.  OCT.  25, 1881, 


PERFECT  PULLEYS 

First  Premium  Awarded  at  Mechanics'   Fair,    1884. 

Sole  Licensed  Manufacturers  of  the 

MEDART    PATENT    WROUGHT    BIM    PULIET 

For  the  States  of  California,  Oregon  and  Nevada,  and  the  Territories  of  Idaho,  Washington 

Montana,  Wyoming;,  Utah  and  Arizona.      Lightest,  Strongest,  Cheapest  and 

Best  Balanced  Pulley  in  the  World-     Also  Manufacturers  of 

SHAFTING,    HANGERS    AND    APPURTENANCES. 

tS"  Sbnd  for  CiRcaiiABS  AMD  Priob  List. "St 


^oa.  129  and  181  PBBMONT  STBBJET 


SAN    PR.fl.N0l8OO.  OAL. 


H.  D.  MORRIS, 
220  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco, 

MANUf  ACTMKS'  M  PURCHASINS  AGENT, 

Special  attrmtlc*"  given  to  purchase  of 

mm  and  MILL  SUPPLIES. 


ADAMANTINE  SSOES  AND  DIES.— Guar- 
anteed to  prove  hetter  and  cheaper  than  any  others. 
Orders  solicited*  siibjectt  to  above  conditions. 

H.  D.  MORRIS. 


SOLK  AOBNT  FOR 


GRnSM  PLATES, 

— AND— 

Chrome   Cast    Steel  for 
Kock  DrillB,  Etc. 


iiHifiiifiai 


ADAKCAHTINE. 


126 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Feb.  15,  1890 


IMPROVED    BELT    FRUE   ORE  CONCENTRATOR. 


The  Beet  Ore  Concentrator  in  the  market,  having  double 
the  Capacity  and  doing  ita  work  as  olose  as  the  plain  Belt 
maohine,  while  its  concentrations  are  clean.  It  is  need  in 
a  numbar  of  Mills,  the  most  notable  of  which  is  the 
Alaska  M.  &  M.  Go's  Mill,  where  24  Improved  Belt  Frues 
are  taking  the  Palp  from  120  Stamps,  crushing  350  tons 
per  day,  and  is  giving  entire  satisfaction  as  against  48 
plain  Belt  Machines,  taking  the  Pulp  from  the  other  120 
Stamps. 


Price  of  Improved  Belt  Frue  Vanner,  $900,  f.  o.  b. 
Price  of  Plain  Belt   Frue  Vanner,  $575,  f.  o,  b. 


For  Pamphlets,  Testimonials  and  further  informatio 
apply  at  office. 


Protected  by  Patents  December  22, 1874;  September  2, 
1879;  April  27,  1880;  March  22,  1881;  February  20, 1883; 
September  IS,  1883;  July  24,  1888.     Patents  applied  for. 


Tfiere  are  Over  2200  Plain  Belt  Machines  now 
in  Use. 

Thb  Montana  Company  (Limited),  London,  October  8, 1885. 
Bear  Sirs  : — Having;  tested  three  of  your  Frue  Vaoners  in  a  com- 
petitive trial  with  other  similar  machinps  (Triumph),  we  have  satisfied 
ourselves  of  the  superiority  of  your  Vanners,  as  is  evidenced  by  the 
fact  of  our  havine  ordered  20  more  of  your  machinen  for  immediate 
delivery.     Yours  truly,  THE  MONTANA  COMPANY  (Limited). 

N.  B. — St"ce  the  above  was  written  the  20  Vanners,  having  been 
started,  gave  such  satisfaction  that  44  additional  Frues  and  more 
stamps  have  been  purchased.  ADAMS    &    CARTER. 


ADAMS  &  CARTER,  Agents  FRUE  VANNING  MACHINE  CO.,  Room  15.  No.  132  Market  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


CALIFORNIA    WIRE    WORKS 

2. 

hallidie's 
Patent  VV'Re  Ropeway, 


MANDFACTHKERS  OF 

Steel  Wire  Rope, 

OF  ALL  KINDS  FOK 

CABLE  RAILWAYS, 

ROPEWAYS  and  TRAMWAYS. 

Mining,  Sliipping  &  General  Purposes. 


xis^X'.A.:^XjX&ixxz:x3  jlbsz.     x]Nrcc3fi.x'oxi..A.-x'x:33  xsss. 


WIRE, 

BARBED    WIRE, 
WIRE   NAILS. 

WIRE    CLOTH. 

Pull  ABBorCment  Always  In  Stock. 


OFFICE: 

9  Fremont  Street,  San  Francisco. 

Send  for  Uluetrated  Catalogue. 


For  the  Economical  and  Kapid 

Transportation    of   Ore 

and  other  material. 


Erected  by  Us  During  the  Past  Fourteen  Tears  in  Spans  of 

200  TO  2,000  FEET. 


Simple,  Economical  and  Durable. 


^^i^ts-^'^-^ji^r^M^f^.^  J 


TRANSPORTATION     OF    ORE    BY    HALLIDIE'S     PATENT     WIRE    ROPEWAT. 


HAVE   BEEN  THOROUGHLY  TESTED 
In  all  Parts  of  the  Country. 


WM.  H.  TAYLOR,  President. 


R.  S.  MOORE,  Superintendent. 


Risdon  Iron  and  Locomotive  Works, 

S.  E.  CORNER  HOWARD  AND  BEALE  STS..  SAN  FRANCISCO. 


MANDPACTUHERS    OF    ALL    KINDS    OF 


Mining   and    Milling   Machinery,  Engines    and    Boilers, 

SHEET-IRON  WATER  PIPE  for  Mining  and  Irrigation  Purposes. 

Exciusive  Agents  for  the  Pacific  Coast  of  HEINE  PATENT  SAFETY  BOILER  and  MACBETH  STEEL  PULLEY. 


AGENTS     FOB    THE    PACIFIC    COAST    OF 


'l<i^liS:a^z 


BRYA.lSr'S    ROLLER   QTJA.RTZ:    IVdCILL. 

NEW    COMMON     SENSE    STEEL    WHIM. 

Ail  Complete  for  $150. 

No  cog-wheels  or  clntchea  to  break.  Ninety  per  cent  of  thia  Whim  is  wroaght  iron  and  steel,  and  will  spring  or  bend  before  breaking,  and  besides 
can  be  repaired  at  any  blacksmith  shop,  should  breakage  occur,  thus  obviating  the  necessity  of  sending  away  hundreds  of  miles  sometimes,  and  waiting 
a  week  for  repairs.     The  Brake  seta  Itself  when  the  faorae  stops  or  anything  gives  way. 

It  can  be  packed  anywhere  a  jack  can  go,  the   heaviest  piece  weighing  but  100  pounds;  total 

weight,  650  pounds.     The  sweep  can  be  thrown  out  or  in  gear  at  any  time,  and  the  bucket   hoisted, 

dumped  or  lowered  while  the  horse  is  in  motion.     It  is  just  as  safe  and  reliable  as   an   engine,  and 

iu  be  handled  as  readily,  and  is  just  the  thing  to  open  up   a   mine  and  make  it  pay.     Spending 

^onsauds  of  dollars  in  fine  machinery  and  shaft  houses  has   **  busted"  many   a   company.     Bay   a 

COMMON  SENSE  WHIM,  and  when  you  have  got  more  ore  than  our  Whim  will  hoiat,  then  it   is 

time  to  buy  an  engine,  not  before.     It  will  save  yon  thousands  of  dollars  if  your  miae   should  not 

pay.    Being  all  iron  except  the  sweep,  it  will  not  rot,  warp,  twist,  or  get  out  of  true.     Being 

wrought  iron,  it  will  not  break  in  transportation.    We  also  make  Two,   Fotib  and  Eight  Horse 

Power  Whims,  Derrick  Whims,  and  Building  Hoists,  Ore   Backets,  and  everything  pertaining  to 

Horse  Power  Hoisting.     State  for  what  purpose,  and  at  what  place  you  want  to  use  it, 

i^Come  and  see  one  at  onr  works  in  operation,  or  send  for  circular. 


i'b-.^^-: 


BUTTE,    MONTANA, 

The  railroad,  mining  and  commercial  center  of  the  new 
State,  offers  some  of  the  heat  inducements  for  invest- 
ments in 

Real  Estate,  Mines  &  Mining  Stock 

ol  any  locality  in  the  Nortowest.    For  particulars  address 

TUe  Bvans-Terry-Claussen  Brokerase  Oo., 
41  S.  Broadway,  Bucte.  Montana, 


iDewey  &  Co.'s  Scientific  Press  Patent  Agency {^TsecT" 


A.  T  JDewey 
W.  B.  Ewer, 
Geo,  H.  Strong, 

Invbktors  on  che  Pacific  Coast  will  find  it  greatly  to  their  advantage  to  consult  this  old,  experienced,  first-claes 
Agency.  We  have  ahle  and  trustworthy  Associates  and  Agents  in  Washington  and  the  capital  cities  of  the  principal 
nations  of  the  world.  In  connection  with  our  editorial,  scientific  and  Patent  Law  Library,  and  record  of  original 
cases  in  our  office,  we  have  other  advautages  far  beyond  those  which  can  be  offered  home  inventors  by  other  agencies 
fch«  information  accumulated  through  long  and  careful  practice  before  the  Office,  and  the  frequent  examination  of 
patents  already  granted,  for  the  purpose  of  determining  the  patentability  of  inventions  brought  before  us,  enables 
us  often  to  give  advice  which  will  save  Inventors  the  expense  of  applying  for  Patents  upon  Inventions  which  are  not 
new.  Citculare  ol  advice  eentfree  on  reoelptot  postage.  Address  D£W£T  &  CO„  Patent  Agente,  220  Market  8t.,S.F, 


TUBBS  CORDAGE  CO. 

■  (A  Corporation.) 

Constantly  on  hand  a  full  assortment  of  Manila  Rope, 
Duplex  Rope,  Tarred  Manila  Rope.Hay  Rope,  Whale  Line, 
eta,  etc. 

£xtra  sizes  and  leng^s  made  to  order  on  short  notice. 

611  &  613  Front  St.,  San  Francisco,  Ca 


'  *_1_*  '  *  '  "JL*  '  " '_  *7  ",'-■*'  *  '*'«  '*!»'»'*'«'«'«'o'»'>'>'«'»T 


'    i      •     *     •    1    •_! 


__^_«   .■(•_i*l*««_l*4»_* 


usiraied 


VOL.    LX.-  Number    8. 

DEWEY  &  CO.,  PueuSHEM. 


SAN    FRANCISCO,    SATURDAY,   FEBRUARY  22,   1890. 


Tliree  DoUara  per  Annum. 
Single  Copies,  10  Cts. 


Mining  Ditches. 

In  the  miDiDg  diatriots  of  CiUfornia,  ditches 
are  oonatraoted  boldly  with  atcep  grades  and 
on  irregalar  lioeB,  with  oameroue  eharpcarveti. 
The  oro88  aectioDs,  origioally  uniform,  beoome 
more  or  leaa  varied.  Absorption,  peroolatioD, 
fvkporatioD  and  leakage  reduce  the  flow. 
U  ider  FDoh  ctroum stances  it  is  diffijuH  to  be 
mathematioally  correct  as  to  amount  of  flow 
and  difcbarge.  There  is  no  generally-icoep'cd 
formala  for  determioing  the  velocity  of  water 
in  op*-n  channels.  The  tables  based  on  thf>  old 
foTmulap,  published  prior  to  the  works  of  D'Arcy 
anil  B  /.in  in  Fr»nce,  and  of  Humphreys  ai  d 
Abb  >t  in  the  United  States,  being  fouudtd  on 
d-ttB  which  ignore  the  important  factor  of  the 
nature  of  the  bed  and  tho  sides  of  the  channtl, 
hive  prcved  ansatiafactory.  Hydraolio  en 
gineera  have  been  compelled  to  rely  for  correct' 
neaa  of  caloalated  result  on  the  applicaMon 
of  a  combination  of  a  few  known  laws  with  ex- 
perimental data,  which  latter,  though  all-im 
portant,  bave  been  too  restricted  for  thededuc* 
tioD  of  reliable  mathematical  theory. 

In  a  paper,  some  time  since,  Mr,  Ang.  J* 
Bswie  gave  some  of  the  results  of  experience 
in  this  State  in  the  measurement  and  £jw  of 
water  in  ditches,  dw^ribing  the  different 
miner's  inches,  and  discussing  the  varioas  co- 
efficients in  nae  in  determining  flow.  From  this 
we  take  a  few  aketobes,  showing  sectiona  of  min- 
ing ditches. 

The  North  Bloonafield  main  ditch  is  40  miles 
lone,  with  a  seatlonal  area  of  23.89  eqoare  feet, 
and  a  grade  of  16  feet  to  the  mile.  It  has 
many  abrupt  tarns  and  a  sinnona  course.  The 
Texas  Creek  branch  ditch  Is  about  seveu'tenthB 
of  a  mile  long.  Its  sectional  area  is  13.5  feet 
and  the  grade  20  feet  per  mile.  The  sides  are 
rough  and  curves  sharp. 

On  the  Milton  line,  from  Milton  to  Eureka — 
a  distance  of  19.4  miles — the  sectional  area  of 
the  ditch  is  20.39  equare  feet,  grade  19,2  feet 
per  mile  for  earth*work  and  32  feet  per  mile  for 
flame.  The  line  is  very  irregular,  having  many 
drops  and  chutes.  The  distance  from  Milton 
to  the  measuring'box  at  Bloody  Ran  is  29^ 
miles.  The  minimum  established  grade  for  the 
last  ten  miles  was  16  feet  per  mile,  with  a  sec- 
tional area  for  tbe  ditch  of  23.05  square  feet. 
The  La  Orange  main  ditch,  17  miles  long,  has 
a  sectional  area  of  22  5  feet  and  a  slope  of  7 
feet  per  mile. 

la  all  these  canals,  after  the  artiflcial  banks 
are  well  consolidated,  tbe  water  area  is  in- 
creased beyond  the  original  excavation  in  the 
natural  ground.  Important  losses  must  vary 
in  every  ditoh,  depending  on  the  nature  of  the 


VIEW    IN    THE    GRANITE    QUARBY,    HALLOWBLL.    MAINE. 


ground  and  the  character  of  the  oonstrnotion 
of  the  work  and  the  season  of  the  year.  Tbe 
feeders  along  the  lines  compensate  largely  for 
these  losses. 

The  following  facta  show  the  magnitude  of 
the  losses  due  to  absorption,  leakage,  evapora- 
tion, etc.:  Three  thousand  miners*  inches 
of  water  (a  flow  of  75  cubic  feet  per  second) 
turned  in  during  the  dry  season  at  the  head  of 
the  Bloomfield  ditch,  will  deliver  2700  inches 
(67,5  cabic  feet  per  second)   a%    the    gauge   40 


miles  distant.  Twenty-four  hundred  inohea 
of  water  (60  oabic  feet  per  second)  tamed  in 
at  the  head  of  the  Milton  ditch  delivered  for* 
merly  at  the  gauge,  29^  miles  distant,  1450  to 
1600  inches  (36  25  to  40  oubic  feet  per  second), 
but  at  present  2500  inches  (62  5  cubic  feet  per 
second)  tamed  into  the  head  of  the  ditch,  de- 
livers 2000  inches  (50  oubio  feet  per  second)  at 
the  gauge. 

The  Eureka  Lake  ditch,   with  2500  inches 
turned  in  at  the  head,   delivers  at  the  gange, 


SECTION    OP    LA  GRANGE    DITCH. 


33  miles  distant,  about  ISOO  inohee  in  the  dry 
season. 


(iranite  Quarries. 


THE    MILTON    DITOH. 


THE    NORTH    BLOOMFIELD    MAIN    DITOH. 


As  early  as  1853  a  granite  quarry  was  opened 
in  Sacramento  ooanty,  in  this  State,  and  since 
then  others  have  been  systematically  worked  in 
Penryn  and  Rooklln,  Placer  county.  The 
Penryn  quarries  were  first  opened  in  1864. 
The  rock  varies  in  color  from  light  to  dark 
gray,  one  variety,  which  contains  both  horu' 
blende  and  biotite,  being  almost  black  on  a 
polished  surface,  They  are,  as  a  rule,  fine- 
grained and  take  a  good  polish.  Blooks  more 
than  100  feet  long,  50  feet  wide  and  10  feet 
thick,  have  been  quarried  out  and  afterward 
broken  up. 

A  fine-grained  light  granite  is  foand  on  the 
line  of  the  S.  P.  B.  E,,  between  Los  Angeles 
and  Oucamonga.  Its  texture  is  as  fine  as  the 
finest  Westerly,  K,  I.,  or  Manchester,  Va„ 
stone,  and  of  a  uniform  light-gray  color.  A 
coarser  stone  is  also  found  at  Sawpit  canyon,  in 
tbe  same  county. 

We  give  herewith  a  view  of  the  famous  gran- 
ite quarry  at  Hallowell,  Me.,  where  the  rock  is 
celebrated  for  its  beauty  and  fine 
working  qualities,  and  is  in  demand 
for  statuary  and  monumental  work. 
The  rock  is  properly  a  gneiss,  but 
showing  no  signs  of  stratification  in 
the  hand  specimen,  is  classed  as  a 
granite.  As  illustrative  of  the  great 
extent  of  the  quarries  shown  in  the 
out,  it  is  stated  that  blocks  200  feet 
in  length,  by  40  feet  in  width  and  8 
feet  in  thickness,  can  be  broken  out  in 
a  single  piece  if  so  desired.  There  is 
no  gap  between  the  sheets,  and  1  ttle 
or  no  pyrite  to  cause  discoloration. 
The  sheets,  as  is  nsually  the  case,  in- 
crease in  thickness  downward,  being 
about  one  foot  thick  at  the  surface 
and  ten  feet  thick  at  the  bottom  of 
tbe  present  openings,  whioh  are  from 
50  to  60  feet  deep. 


128 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Feb.  22,  1890 


GOF^F^ESPO^JDE^'CE, 


We  admit,  unindorsed,  opiniona  of  correapondenta. — fiDS. 


•The  Mines  of  Rocky  Bar,  Idalio. 

Editors  Press  : — The  mineral  reaourcea  of 
Idaho,  both  in  placer  and  qaartz,  are  about  to 
astonish  the  world.  Heretofore  sarface  prOB- 
pBctlng  has  been  the  rale;  daring  the  laat  two 
years,  however,  more  thorongh  work  has  been 
done,  and  in  many  districts  with  most  gratify* 
ing  resnlts.  It  is  not  the  intention  of  the 
writer  to  devote  mach  time  to  the  description 
of  old  mining  properties  in  the  vicinity  of 
Rocky  Bar,  the  history  of  which  is  bo  well 
known,  but  rather  to  call  attention  to  some  of 
the  more  newly  discovered  bonanzas. 

The  Ophir  mine,  owned  and  operated  by  the 
Comfort  Consolidated  Mining  Co.  of  New 
York,  is  situated  immediately  north  of  the  old 
Hardacrabble  plaoer  mines,  and  about  two 
miles  northeasterly  from  the  town  of  Rocky 
Bar.  This  lode  had  been  located  and  re- 
located by  diffsrent  parties  who  were  without 
the  necessary  means  to  develop  the  property, 
and,  although  well  satisfied  that  millions  were 
there,  they  were  forced  by  circumstances  to 
abandon  the  claim;  hence  the  Comfort  Con. 
Mining  Co.  have  the  honor  of  developing  the 
first  bullion-producer  on  the  Ophir  belt,  simply 
because  they  were  the  first  and  only  parties 
that  were  able  to  couple  good  judgment  with 
the  requisite  capital.  Fortune  has  smiled  upon 
them,  and  the  outlay  of  a  few  thousand  dollars 
has  rewarded  them  with  a  well-defiopd  vein  of 
ore  six  feet  in  width,  milling  from  S7d  to  $100 
per  ton.  A  fair  estimate  of  the  value  of  ore 
now  in  flight  would  not  be  less  than  31,500.000. 

List  fail  this  company  was  so  well  satisfied 
with  the  developments  made  by  their  super- 
intendent, Steve  O^lesby,  that  they  re* 
solved  to  erect  a  mill,  although  winter  was 
staring  them  in  the  face.  The  result  ia  that, 
after  encountering  numerous  diffionlties,  they 
have,  through  the  energy  and  zeal  of  that  inde- 
fatigable mill-builder,  CjI,  John  M.  Thexton, 
been  able  to  realize  their  fondest  hopes;  and 
to-day,  and  for  the  past  three  weeks,  an  im- 
proved Frazer  &  Chalmers  20  stamp  mill,  with 
a  large  double-drum  hoisting  plant,  two 
Golden  Gate  concentrators  and  a  three-com- 
partment working  shaft,  are  in  operation,  all 
the  machinery  moving  with  the  precision  and 
correctness  of  planetary  revolution,  I  must 
say  that  the  Comfort  Co.  are  to  be  congratu- 
lated for  the  energy  they  have  disniayed  and 
the  success  they  have  achieved  in  R>cky  Bir. 

The  Empire  lode,  situated  north  of,  parallel 
with  and  adjacent  to  the  Ophir,  gives  every 
promifte  of  becoming  equally  as  valuable  as  its 
renowned  neighbor. 

Placer  Claims. 

La«t  fall  while  on  a  prospecting  tour  in  Cen- 
tral Idaho  the  writer  had  the  pleasure  of  meet- 
ing Major  Comfort  at  Salmon  Meadows.  The 
major,  together  with  Superintendent  Oglesby 
and  Surveyor  Towne,  were  on  their  way  to  sur- 
vey some  placpii-  locations  at  the  northeastern 
end  of  Long  Valley  on  Boulder  creek,  Boise 
county.  These  olacers  were  worked  by  Ogles- 
by ae  early  as  1S6S,  ditches  built,  and  water 
brought  upon  them,  but  the  Indians  becoming 
troublesome,  he  was  forced  to  leave.  They 
have  lately  been  relocated  and  sold  to  the  Cam- 
fort  Co.  After  a  thorongh  examination,  the 
owners  are  so  well  pleased  with  their  bargain 
that  they  intend  to  construct  the  necessary 
fiumes,  ditches  and  hydraulic  machinery  to 
suooesfifuUy  work  their  ground  this  coming 
spring.  They  have  20  locations  with  an  area 
of  400  acres,  and  I  believe  that  they  will  meet 
with  as  good  success  there  as  they  have  at 
Rocky  Bar  with  their  lode  mining  property. 

Hydraulic  Elevators. 
The  reason  why  these  placers  have  not  been 
more  extensively  worked  before  this  is  this: 
the  ground  does  not  afford  sufficient  fall  for  a 
dump,  and  although  known  to  be  rich,  the  old- 
fashioned  placer  miner  had  no  means  of  obviat- 
ing this  defect.  This  company  has  secured  a 
large  volume  of  water,  with  ample  pressure 
from  the  numerous  water-courses  and  lakes  in 
the  mountains  northeasterly  from  their  ground 
and  intend  to  work  with  hydranlio  elevators, 
thus  raising  the  gravel  to  any  desired  hight, 
and  in  this  way  securing  a  sufficient  dump  for 
their  tailings.  This  process  necessitates  the 
outlay  of  considerable  capital,  but  close  calcu- 
lation has  demonstrated  the  fact  that  the  re- 
turns will  pay  a  handsome  interest  on  the  in* 
vestment. 

While  prospecting  in  the  mountains  at 
The  Head  of  Boulder  Lafee, 
The  headwaters  of  Boulder  creek,  about  ten 
miles  from  the  above-described  placers,  your 
correspondent,  together  with  John  Knox  and 
others,  discovered  a  well-defined  and  valuable 
mineral  belt,  which  we  traced  through  the 
mountains  for  a  distance  of  12,000  feet.  The 
average  width  of  this  lode  is  about  five  feet. 
Along  the  footwall  for  about  15  inches,  the 
ore  assaye  $33.15  gold  and  $12.25  silver;  the 
balance  of  the  lode  is  strongly  impregnated 
with  silver  chlorides,  assaying  101  ounces  of 
silver  per  ton.  The  surrounding  country  ia 
heavily  timbered  with  fir,  pine  and  tamarack, 
as  yet  nntouohed  by  the  woodman's  ax;  water 
and  grass,  with  game  of  all  kinds,  abonnd  here, 
in  fact  this  country  ia  the  hunter's  paradise  and 
the  praspector's  realization. 

Your  correspondent,  while  returning  from  the 


mountains,  again  met  the  surveyor  and  his 
party  with  theodolite,  chain  and  staff,  survey- 
ing and  marking  the  boundaries  of  the  rich 
placer  bonanzaa,  while  Major  Comfort,  with  a 
force  of  workmen,  had  sunk  about  30  shafts  to 
bedrock,  and  was  filling  as  many  different  sacks 
with  the  golden  gravel  for  shipment  to  New 
York.  This  gravel,  I  am  informed,  yielded 
far  greater  results  than  was  expected,  and  dem- 
onstrated beyond  a  doubt  the  remarkable  rich- 
ness of  this  property.  When  it  ia  considered 
that  this  ground  is  about  midway  between  two 
of  the  richest  placer-fields  ever  discovered  in 
Idaho,  namely,  Florence  and  Warren's  on  the 
north  and  the  Boise  basin  on  the  south,  the 
results  obtained  from  the  gravel  tested  are  not 
at  all  surprising. 

Referring  again  to  mines  near  Rocky  Bar,  I 
will  call  attention  to  a  monntain  range  in  which 

Many  Rich  Prospects 

Have  been  diacovered,  and  which  contains 
within  its  depths  the  famous  Mountain  Goat, 
so  successfully  worked  by  Major  Frank  P, 
Cavanah. 

As  you  ascend  this  mountain  from  the  south, 
at  a  point  about  1000  feet  north  of  the  town  of 
Rocky  Bir,  you  will  find  the  Birdie  Q.  mine, 
which  has  been  worked  quite  extensively  dur- 
ing.tihe  last  two  years  by  Mesara.  Van  Sohaick 
&  Qaitzow,  the  owners.  They  have  sunk  an 
incline  on  this  lode  to  the  depth  of  75  feet, 
and  made  oonneotion  with  the  same  by  means 
of  a  tunnel  150  feet  long,  driven  from  the  east. 
The  quartz  taken  from  this  incline  and  tunnel 
milled  l$25  per  ton.  Thia  lode  is  three  feet 
wide,  and  can  be  traced  on  the  surface  the 
whole  length  of  the  claim. 

Weat  of  the  above  lode  and  adjoining  the 
aame  ia  the  Mountain  Chief  lode,  the  croppinga 
of  which  are  from  one  to  six  feet  in  width,  and 
prospects  well  in  free  gold.  Aside  from  the 
annual  assessment  work  required  by  law,  little 
has  been  done  on  this  claim.  There  is,  how- 
ever, no  doubt  but  that  with  a  jadicious  outlay 
of  a  moderate  amount  of  capital,  a  mine  could 
be  opened  aecond  in  value  to  nonn  in  the  camp. 
This  location  ia  also  owned  by  Van  Schaiok  & 
Qaitzow. 

Northerly  and  farther  up  the  mountain  is 
the  Bancan  mine.  This  lode  has  been  out 
tbrongh  by  a  tunnel  and  drifted  upon  by  cross- 
cuts from  the  same,  showing  a  good  lode,  but 
very  irregular  and  uncertain,  demonstrating 
the  fact  that  this  work  baa  been  done  too  near 
the  surface.  Were  the  owners  of  this  mine  to 
sink  upon  the  lode  at  some  point  where  it  is 
exposed  in  the  tunnel,  they  would  undoubtedly 
be  rewarded  for  their  trouble  and  expense. 

The  Idabjo  Consolidated 

Gold  &  Silver  Mining  Co.  of  New  York  are  the 
owners  of  the  North  Pacifin,  Almaden,  Golden 
Calf,  Golconda  and  San  Jose,  five  patented 
claims  lying  between  the  Danon  on  the  south 
and  the  Ophir  on  the  north.  Qaite  an  amount 
of  money  has  been  expended  by  this  company 
to  place  this  property  in  a  condition  to  warrant 
the  erection  of  a  mill,  but  unfortunately  the 
tunnel  whioh  was  so  nicely  and  thoroughly  con- 
structed was  driven  in  the  wrong, direction  for 
a  distance  of  between  700  and  SOO  feet,  every 
foot  of  which  was  carrying  them  farther  from 
the  ledge.  Under  these  circumstances  it  is  not 
surprising  that  discouragement  and  conaequent 
stoppage  of  work  followed.  In  conversiition 
with  U.  S.  Mineral  Surveyor  Towne,  who  is 
thoroughly  familiar  with  every  lode  and  claim 
in  this  section  of  the  country,  be  informed  me 
that  the  mistake  made  by  the  Idaho  Consoli- 
dated arose  from  the  fact  that  croppings  of 
several  ledgea  had  been  considered  by  the  per- 
son in  charge  as  the  outcrop  at  different  points 
of  one  and  the  same  ledge,  thus  misleading  him 
as  to  the  proper  course  of  the  lode  and  the  con- 
sequent direction  in  which  to  drive  the  tunnel. 
I  believe  that  the  Golconda  or  Sia  Jose  can  be 
made  as  valuable  aa  either  the  Ophir  or  Mount- 
ain Goat,  and  that  a  few  thonaand  dollars  prop- 
erly expended  will  effect  this  result. 

West  of  and  adjoining  the  Comfort  Oon. 
Co.'s  property  is 

A  Group  of  Six  Quartz  Locations, 
Owned  by  Cochrane,  Fitzgerald  &  Co.  A  con- 
tinuous body  of  ore  oan  be  readily  traced  upon 
the  surface  direot  from  the  Ophir  workinga  to 
the  extreme  western  boundaries  of  these  claims; 
it  is,  in  fact,  upon  the  Yankee,  Jim  Blaine  and 
Josie  locations  that  the  celebrated  Ophir  lode 
appears  to  have  reached  its  grandest  propor- 
tions, for  a  mountain  of  quartz  is  here  exposed 
to  view  for  a  distance  of  3000  feet,  any  of  which 
will  mill  from  $10  to  $15  in  free  gold,  while 
samples  selected  from  certain  portions  of  the 
ledge  have  aaaayed  over  §300  per  ton;  without 
exaggeration,  we  freely  atate  that  thia  property 
offers,  in  our  opinion,  a  more  safe  and  profitable 
investment  for  capital  than  any  mining  pro* 
jeot  that  the  writer  has  examined  for  many 
years. 

West  of  Rocky  Bar 

And  adjnining  the  eastern  end-lines  of  the  old 
reliable  Elmore,  Confederate  Star  and  Objactive 
claims  are  locations  worthy  the  consideration  of 
any  syndicate  seeking  investment  in  mines. 
The  Eameralda  is  the  eastern  extenaion  of  one 
of  the  ledges  in  the  Confederate  Star  claim,  as 
has  been  thoroughly  demonstrated  by  the 
Elmore  Company  in  sinking  their  new  shaft, 
which  is  located  at  the  common  end-line  of  the 
two  claims.  The  vein  is  from  three  to  nine 
feet  in  width,  and  the  last  run  of  ore  milled  §45 
per  ton,  some  of  the  rock  assaying  over  §400 
per  ton.  The  owners,  Messrs.  Geo,  Winder  &, 
Co.,   are    expecting    daily  to  make  a  sale  to 


parties  well  able  to  work  the  mine  to  the  best 
possible  advantage. 

Running  parallel  with  the  Esmeralda  and 
east  of  the  Ida  Elmore  is  the  Surpriae  lode 
claim.  The  general  course  of  the  Elmore  vein 
as  indicated  by  the  underground  workings  will 
necessarily  lead  this  lode  through  the  Surprise 
gronrd,  near  the  eastern  boundary  of  which 
very  heavy  croppings  exist,  similiar  in  charac- 
ter to  those  of  the  Elmore,  At  this  end  of  the 
claim  a  tunnel  is  being  driven  that  will  tap  the 
lode  at  a  depth  of  400  ip-et.  This  claim  belongs 
to  Thompson,  Tonkins  &  Qiitzow. 

S^nth  of  the  above  described  claim  and  east 
of  the  Objective  is  located  the  Great  Republic, 
which,  together  with  the  Wedge  location  lying 
south  and  west,  contain  within  their  boundaries 
the  apex  of  the  Alturas  lode.  That  this  aaeer' 
tion  is  well  founded  will  not  be  questioned  by 
any  mining  expert  apon  an  examination  of  the 
ground. 

There  is  no  doubt  but  that  this  group  of 
mines,  extending  from  the  Tiptop  on  the  south 
to  the  Vishnu  on  the  north,  completely  cut  off 
the  Alturaa,  Elmore  and  South  Confederate 
Star  lodes  at  their  common  end  lines,  running 
thence  easterly  from  the  Elmore  Oo.'s  works. 
It  would  be  of  great  benefit  to  the  camp  were 
this  property  secured  by  some  company  having 
the  energy  and  capital  to  properly  develop  the 
same,  the  ground  being  in  all  respects  similar  to 
the  Elmore,  and  possesses  the  additional  advan- 
tage of  having  its  rich  bodies  of  ore  near  the 
surface  still  in  all  their  virgin  purity,  ready  to 
repeat  the  history  of  the  Elmore  aa  a  gold-oro- 
duoer.  Ado,  Quitzow,  M   E. 

Rocky  Bar^  Idaho. 

River-Bank  Outline:— Its  Causes  and 
Prevention. 

Editors  Press  : — A  correspondent  of  your 
paper,  writing  from  Ventura,  calls  attention  to 
the  increase  in  damage  to  valley  and  bottom- 
lands by  the  streams  of  Ventura  county,  and 
eapecially  by  the  Santa  Clara  river.  Thia  is 
true  not  only  of  all  our  streams  recognized  as 
such,  but  of  new  torrent-temporary  channels 
forming  through  the  southern  oountry.  It  is 
also  increasingly  true  with  each  year.  This 
change  of  stream  action  may  be  said,  in  a  gen- 
eral way,  to  have  commenced  within  20  years. 
It  has  been  rapid  during  the  past  ten. 

Many  years  ago  I  called  the  attention  of  the 
Department  of  the  Interior  at  Washington  and 
the  president  of  the  Southern  Pacific  Railroad 
Company  at  San  Francisco  to  the  commence- 
ment of  this  torrential  action.  It  was  pointed 
out  that  fires  were  being  set  on  the  mountain 
watersheds  of  our  streams,  destroying  large 
amounts  of  brush  and  timber;  that  extensive 
hill  districts  were  overpastured,  especially  by 
sheep,  and  that  the  axman  was  not  idle  in  the 
mountains.  All  these  things,  it  was  said, 
could  only  have  one  resolt,  judging  from  the 
recorded  experience  of  Eorope,  viz.,  increased 
torrential  action  and  eventually  decreased  per- 
manent water.  To  prevent  further  injury  to 
laud,  and  consequently  to  the  tax-paying  and 
freight-producing  capacity  of  the  country,  and 
to  the  railroad  road-bed,  especially  in  the  Sole- 
dad  canyon  {Smta  Clara  river),  it  was  urged 
that  a  forest  policy  should  be  adopted  loooking 
to  the  proper  management  of  the  mountain 
watersheds  of  the  country. 

I  do  not  cite  these  letters  as  a  case  of  "  I  told 
you  so,"  but  to  show  that  long  ago  the  condi- 
tions were  perceived  that  would,  if  continued, 
do  the  damage  now  complained  of.  In  the  first 
report  of  the  State  Biard  of  Forestry  I  went 
over  this  groond  again  and  brought  up  a  nam- 
ber  of  cases  of  the  recent  crealion  of  new  and 
dangeroas  torrents  in  California,  Among  other 
instances  from  Europe,  I  called  attention  to 
the  complete  ruin  of  200,000  acres  of  good 
farming  land  in  the  valley  of  the  Durance,  in 
France,  following  the  cutting  and  destruction 
of  the  forests  on  its  mountain  watershed,  ac- 
companied by  overpaaturage  by  sheep. 

Nothing  serious  has  been  done  in  all  these 
years  to  prevent  their  destruction — in  fact  the 
Federal  Government  owning  the  lands  is  the 
only  source  of  remedy,  unless,  indeed,  the  State 
should  apply  to  buy  all  these  forest  lands  for 
the  purpose  of  preserving  not  only  them  but  a 
large  portion  of  its  tax-paying  lands  also. 

The  question  from  Ventura  ia,  "  What  is  the 
remedy  now?'^  For  the  lands  cut  away,  for 
the  gullies  and  barrancas  formed,  for  the  swales 
cut  out,  for  the  lands  covered  with  sand  and 
stones,  there  is  none.  These  are  ruined  for- 
ever, but  for  the  lands  still  safe  ? 

First  of  all  ia  the  old  one,  an  intelligent  for- 
estry system  with  intelligent  men  at  its  head, 
and  all  the  mountain,  forest  and  brush  land 
under  their  control,  whether  public  or  private. 

Bat  now  that  our  Southern  watersheds,  with 
an  equal  rainfall,  deliver  so  much  greater  vol- 
umes of  water  for  short  periods  than  formerly, 
we  may  well  look  into  some  suggestions  to 
limit  as  far  as  possible  the  damaging  effects  of 
this  action. 

In  the  first  place  we  must  recognize  several 
facts  before  we  can  go  into  the  subject  intelli- 
gently. One  is  that  the  same  volume  of  water 
in  our  streams  now  has  more  erosive  or  cutting 
force  than  formerly.  The  reason  of  this  is  that 
our  streams  are  now  more  heavily  charged  with 
sand  and  other  detritus  than  formerly,  and 
they  consequently  act  upon  everything  with 
which  they  come  in  contact  like  a  sand  blast 
dees  on  glass.  Take  the  sand  out  of  the  air 
and  the  glaas  is  not  cut;  take  the  sand  out  of 


your  river  water,  and  while  it  will  still  cnt  it 
will  not  do  so  to  anything  like  the  same  ex- 
tent as  with  the  sand,  I  have  made  a  personal 
and  experimental  study  of  the  erosive  power  of 
water  with  and  without  sand,  and  know  that 
the  above  statement  is  true.  The  reasons  why 
the  streams  carry  more  sand  and  detritus  than 
formerly  are  threefold. 

1st.  The  forest  and  brnah  destruction  in  the 
mountains.  This  covering  removed  from  a 
Bteep  watershed,  every  rain  will  carry  down 
more  of  the  mountain  soil,  sand  and  stones  into 
the  water  channels  than  before.  We  have 
here  two  plain  effects  ;  more  water  is  delivered 
with  a  given  rainfall  from  a  given  watershed 
within  a  given  time  than  before  the  forest  de- 
struction, and  the  volume  of  the  water  so  de- 
livered must  be  increased  by  the  volume  of  the 
detritus  it  carries.  This  addition  of  flood  hight 
by  what  the  water  contains  is  considerable. 
Any  one  oan  obtain  some  idea  of  it  by  taking  a 
bottle  of  tnrbid  flood  water  and  noting  the  aed- 
iment  formed  after  standing. 

The  more  detritus  a  stream  carries,  so  pro* 
portionately  greater  is  its  tendency  to  change 
its  channel.  Thus  a  muddy  stream  is  oontina- 
ally  throwing  itself  now  against  one  bank  and 
now  against  the  other.  This  is  not  the  case 
with  clear  streams, 

2i.  0ver*8heep -pasturing  whereby  the  herb- 
age which  detains  the  water  and  holds  by  its 
roots  the  soil,  is  too  cloeely  removed.  I  have 
never  observed  a  gully  commence  to  cut  ou 
well-grassed  land  no  matter  how  steep.  On 
the  other  hand,  one  often  aees  out  sand  washes 
entirely  arrested  when  coming  from  bare  to 
grass  lands. 

3d.  Cultivation.  Aa  this  ia  always  oo 
more  or  leas  level  land,  it  plays  a  smaller  part 
than  it  otherwise  would. 

The  first  two  oauses  oan  be  entirely  elimi- 
nated, the  third  cannot.  But  while  we  are  at- 
tending to  these  cauaea,  or  rather  not  attending 
to  them,  the  rivers  cut  and  the  outlook  is  for 
the  entire  destruction  of  the  bottom-lands. 
Your  Ventura  correspondent  suggests  wing- 
dams  made  by  driving  piles  throughout  the  culti- 
vated course  of  the  Santa  Clara.  Such  a  system 
would  be  very  costly  both  for  construction  and 
maintenance,  and  besides  would  be  of  very 
little  service  unless  made  by  engineers  spe- 
cially skilled  in  river  work.  My  own  expe- 
rience of  preventing  the  erosion  by  rivers  of 
their  banks  is  limited.  As  far  as  it  goes,  how- 
ever, it  has  been  a  success.  In  my  case,  a 
ditch  about  three  feet  deep  was  dug  in  the 
stream-bed  along  the  whole  length  of  the  ex- 
posed bank;  into  this  was  placed  brush,  the 
whole  line  thickly  set  with  willow  cuttings  and 
the  brush  wired  together  and  to  posts  or  fixed 
objects  at  various  points.  This  has  stood  the 
brunt  of  all  the  waters  since  October,  while  the 
same  stream  has  cnt  away  its  banks  >nd 
carried  away  bottom-lands  in  my  nefgh- 
borhood.  The  idea^or  the  future  is  that 
when  the  brush  decays  and  the  wire  rnsts,  the 
willows  will  have  grown  and  formed  a  perma- 
nent protection.  Certainly  a  thick  mana  of 
willows  will  resist  a  great  deal  of  water.  When 
the  water  in  a  stream  is  constant  at  or  near  the 
snrface,  the  willow  will  be  the  cheapest  to 
nlant,  the  aureet  to  grow  and  the  best  protec- 
tion. 

Where,  however,  the  water  is  not  constant, 
I  would  Buggeat  the  brnab-wired  hedge  with 
poplars,  oottonwooda  or  Eucalypim  viminalis 
planted  closely  in  or  by  the  bide  of  the  hedge. 
The  E.  viminalia  would  probably  be  best  in  the 
end,  though  not  so  cheap  to  set  out.  Take  pre- 
caution not  to  let  the  stream  get  behind  the 
head  of  the  hedge. 

So  much  damage  has  been  done  lately  by 
water  erosion  to  lands,  and  so  much  more  is  to 
be  anticipated  nnlesa  measures  are  taken  to  pre- 
vent it,  that  the  subject  is  one  of  very  great 
imnortance.  Abbot  Kinney. 

Lamanda  Park    L^^/i  Avtj'^lc^iCo. 


Balls  of  Fire. 

Editors  Press: — Your  article  in  the  Press 
of  February  Sch,  page  96,  headed  **  Strange 
Phenomenon,"  aa  observed  in  Texas  on  a  rail- 
road train,  also  in  New  England  in  1834,  re- 
minds me  of  an  occurrence  of  the  same  natnre 
in  Belfast,  Maine,  about  the  year  1S44. 

I  was  walking  across  the  long  bridge  over  an 
arm  of  the  bay,  and  my  attention  was  attracted 
by  an  immense  ball  of  fire  of  about  the  color  of 
an  electric  light  shooting  through  the  air  in  a 
horizontal  line,  with  great  velocity,  and  leaving 
a  trail  behind  of  the  same  color  described  in  the 
articles  referred  to  above.  This  trail  floated  in 
the  air  until  the  two  ends  met  and  formed  a 
complete  circle  fully  as  large  as  the  half-circle 
spoken  of,  and  lasted  while  I  was  walking  over 
a  mile.  It  was  plainly  visible,  though  some* 
what  faded,  when  I  went  into  the  house. 
This  was  near  midnight,  clear  and  starlight. 

Might  not  such  a  shooting  ball  of  fire  have 
caused  the  phenomena  referred  to,  the  fire  hav- 
ing exhausted  itself  before  discovered  ? 

Oakland,  Col.  A  Subscriber. 


Locomotive  Firing. — By  a  new  device  in- 
veuCtid  by  James  Reagan,  the  inventor  recently 
ran  a  Pennsylvania  railroad  locomotive  between 
Harrisburg  and  Philadelphia  continuously  for 
one  week  without  changing  the  fire  in  the 
furnace,  and  nothing  of  the  kind  has  ever  been 
attempted  or  accomplished  before.  The  in- 
vention will  revolutionize  the  old-time  methods 
used  in  firing  locomotives  if  the  railroad  com- 
panies adopt  it. 


Feb.  22,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


129 


Galifornlans  on  the  Atlantic. 

Editors  Prkss  : — Oa  Sept.  4th,  at  aboat  5 
p.  M  ,  four  itei^merB — City  of  New  York,  City 
of  K3ine,  Teatonio  and  Ohio — loft  the  Mereey 
river  in  froot  of  Liverpool  for  the  Uoited 
States,  carrying  not  leu  probably  than  4000 
paasengera. 

The  ateamura  anchor  in  the  stream  and 
steam  launches  transport  paseengers  and  freight 
to  them.  To  remain  on  the  Qoating  dock  and 
see  the  passengers  as  they  come  down  with 
their  baggage  to  go  on  board  the  lannoh  is  an  in- 
t^reating  and  instructive  sight.  The  steerage 
and  aecond  olaaa  are  taken  on  board  in  the  fore- 
OOOD  and  oabio  passengers  last.  The  steeraga 
passeDf^era  furnish  thoir  oups,  dishes,  wasu- 
baslns  (tin),  and  mattress  and  blankets,  I  pre- 
same,  if  they  have  any.  Here  you  have  all 
kinds  of  models  of  trunks  from  the  latest 
style  to  the  rudest  in  construction  and  most 
»god. 

Printed  tickets  are  furnished  the  passengers 
of  two  kinds,  and  are  pasted  on  the  end  of  the 
trunk,  stating  whether  wanted  in  stateroom  or  to 
be  put  down  in  the  ship's  hold.  The  trunks  are 
houted  on  board  by  steam-power  by  putting  a 
sling  around  eight  or  ten,  according  to  size, 
and  are  handled  pretty  roughly.  I  saw  several 
of  them  that  will  never  be  able  to  make  another 
tour  without  a  good  deal  of  nurainp'. 

It  was  toggy  all  the  way  over  to  Qaeenstown, 
and  we  had  not  got  out  of  the  harbor  before  the 
fog*whiatle  was  sounding,  and  kept  up  nearly 
the  whole  time.  We  arrived  at  Qiieenstowa 
abont  9  o'clock  a,  m.,  two  hours  benind  time. 
We  did  not  go  into  th.e  harbor,  but  two  steam 
launches  came  out  with  passengers  and  their 
luggage,  which  took  about  one  hour  to  transfer 
to  our  steamer.  Some  passengers  and  trading 
people  came  out  in  three  row-boats. 

The  deck  of  our  steamer  must  be  nearly  25 
feet  from  the  water,  and  these  passengers  were 
pulled  up  by  sitting  in  a  bowline  at  the  end  of 
a  rope.  They  held  on  to  the  rope  with  their 
hands  above  their  heads,  and  as  they  were  be- 
ing pulled  up,  they  walked  up  the  side  of  the 
ship,  which  worked  verv  nicely  with  those 
that  were  used  to  it.  The  women  came  on 
board  and  sold  apples,  pears  and  nectarines. 
The  men  sold  oanes,  bracelets,  pipes  and  images 
out  and  carved  from  the  black  oak  of  Ireland. 
I  cannot  say  we  have  bad  particularly  rough 
weather,  but  it  has  been  windy,  cold  and  rainy, 
and  about  half  of  the  passengers  have  been 
more  or  leas  sick. 

We  pass  a  large  steamer  nearly  every  day, 
and  sailing  vessels  are  in  sight  most  of  the 
time. 

The  roost  satisfactory  thing  we  have  seen  on 
this  *trip  was  two  icebergs  to-day  about  11 
o'clock.  When  we  first  sighted  them,  I  did  not 
dare  to  look  over  the  vessel  for  awhile,  for  I 
thought  it  was  a  hoax,  aa  the  officers  said  it 
was  too  late  in  the  season  to  expecc  any.  At  a 
long  distance  they  looked  like  the  white  sails 
of  a  vessel.  The  captain  ran  the  steamer  be- 
tween the  two,  which  were  perhaps  three  miles 
apart.  The  one  on  the  starboard  or  north  side 
was  as  white  as  snow,  and  in  fact  appeared  to 
be  covered  with  snow,  except  one  steep  sidf*, 
which  showed  the  solid  crystallized  ice.  It 
was  something  like  a  hundred  feet  high  and 
covered  perhaps  nearly  an  acre  of  space.  The 
ton  was  shaped  like  a  peaked  mountain. 

The  one  on  the  larboard  or  south  side  was 
much  the  larger  and  higher  and  darker,  and 
looked  aa  though  composed  of  ctrata  of  alter- 
nate snow,  ice  and  earth.  I  should  think  this 
one  covered  something  more  than  an  acre  and 
was  more  .smooth  on  its  top.  I  think  this 
was  over  100  feet  high.  The  wind  and  the 
gulf  stream  were  drifting  them  to  the  south- 
ward. Smaller  pieces  oould  be  seen  drifting 
away  from  the  larger.  It  was  an  interesting 
sight  to  see  these  frozen  monarchs  drifting  so 
majestically  and  silently  to  their  southern 
doom. 

The  air  seemed  to  be  ancommonly  cold  this 
morning  and  all  the  passengers  could  imagine 
they  could  feel  the  wind  from  these  floating  ice- 
bergs, I  took  my  field  glasses  and  peered  at 
them  on  every  side  that  presented  itself  to  me, 
and  there  was  only  one  thing  that  I  could  not 
see  to  make  them  natural  and  perfect,  and 
that  was  that  the  painter  had  not  got  there 
yet  with  his  paint-pot,  and  there  is  one  fair 
spot  on  the  face  of  the  earth  that  is  not  marred 
by  the  ever  present  "Pears'  soap"  or  '*Sb. 
Jacob's  oil." 

On  shipboard  one  has  one  of  the  grandest  op- 
portunities to  study  and  portray  human  nature. 
If  I  had  a  facile  pen  I  think  I  could  easily  get 
up  something  that  would  be  befitting  a  "  yaller 
kiver"  book  or  be  handy  to  kindle  a  fire.  We 
have  something  like  a  thousand  souls  on  board, 
and  it  seems  like  a  village;  still  there  is  plenty 
of  room  on  this  large,  fine  ship.  We  have  the 
lights  and  shadows,  beauty  and  comeliness,  age 
and  youth,  position  and  ambition,  modesty  and 
affectation,  piping  and  squealing  of  the  preten- 
tious that  have  been  abroad.  We  have  the 
doting  mother  who  has  been  abroad  with  her 
darling  daughters  looking  out  for  a  future  mar- 
ket for  our  surplus,  I  heard  her  say  some- 
thing about  selling  American  girls  to  foreigners. 
I  hope  and  expect  she  will  make  her  report  on 
the  condition  and  price  in  the  market. 

A  good  many  have  the  folding  extension 
chair,  which  they  stretch  acrngg  the  deck  and 
lounge  in  them,  utterly  regardless  of  the  con- 
venience or  opportunity  of  others  to  prom- 
enade. 

It  is  amusing  to  hear  some  of  the  ladies  who 
have  been  in  Paris  criticise  the  artists  in  Paris 


and  the  pictures  on  exhibition.  In  one  case, 
one  edified  the  passengers  at  the  table  by  stat- 
ing some  celebrated  artist  could  not  paint  a 
hand  so  that  it  oould  be  told  from  a  dairy- 
maid or  an  angel,  I  will  not  take  up  time  by 
repeating  any  more  of  her  learned  disquisition 
on  the  arts.  When  the  rolliug  of  the  vessel 
did  not  nauseate  me,  she  did  by  compelling  me 
to  listen  to  her  superficial  attempt  at  showing 
her  ignorance. 

In  the  ev^f  ning  a  discussion  took  place  on  the 
protective  tariff.  No  particular  new  points 
were  dtvdloped  except  the  practical  experience 
obtained  while  the  debaters  were  in  Earope 
this  time.  I  think  the  affirmative  side  got  the 
hef>t  of  the  argument,  as  it  usually  does. 

On  the  evening  of  the  lOtb  there  was  a  con- 
cert in  the  cabin  for  the  benefit  of  the  seamen's 
orphans  of  Liverpool. 

There  are  on  board  48  representativn  Amer- 
ican workmen  called  the  "  Scripps  League," 
that  are  on  their  retnrn  from  Europe,  where 
they  have  been  to  investigate  all  branches  of 
Industry,  agricultural,  educational  and  pro- 
fessional. They  embrace  skilled  persons  in  the 
several  departments. 

Soripps  publishes  four  afternoon  dailies,  in 
Cincinnati,  Cleveland,   St.  Louis  and   Detroit. 


Henry  M,  Stanley. 

The  name  of  Stanley  is  a  proud  one  in 
Enj^lish  history.  And  when  his  name  is 
mentioned  to  day,  all  minds  turn  to  him  to 
whom  God  has,  through  strange  leadings, 
assigned  so  prominent  a  part  in  the  deliver- 
ance of  Africa  from  its  ihralldom. 

It  is  now  wel!  known  that  his  original 
name  was  John  Rowlands,  and  that  his  par- 
ents had  so  little  means  that  he  was  sent 
when  three  years  old  to  the  poor-house  at 
St.  Asaph  to  be  brought  up,  whence  at  the 
age  of  13  he  was  turned  loose  on  the  world 
to  shilt  for  himself.  He  was  born  near 
Denbigh,  Wales,  in  1840,  the  very  year  that 
Livingstone,  aged  23,  first  entered  Africa  as 
a  missionary.  When  about  14,  he  found 
his  way  to  New  Orleans  from  Liverpool  as 
cabin  boy  of  a  sailing  vessel,  and  there  a 
kind  merchant  named  Stanley,  little  know- 
ing what  he  did,  adooted  him.  But  Mr. 
Stanley   died  before  Henry    came    of    age, 


Scripps  pays  nearly  all  expenses,  which  will  cost 
about  $20,000,  and  each  department  is  to  give 
a  full  and  intelligent  report  of  their  ob- 
servations, to  be  published  in  his  papers. 
Among  the  party  are  four  editors  and  four 
ladies.  One  of  the  ladies,  Widow  B^rry,  rep- 
resents the  cotton  department.  She  holds 
an  official  and  salaried  office  ander  Mr. 
Powderly  in  the  Knights  of  Labor.  She  is 
called  a  public  agitator  speaker.  She  is 
a  good  deal  on  the  Kearney  order — more  noise 
than  education.  I  was  introduced  to  her  as 
from  Sacramento,  and  a  person  who  employs  a 
good  many  Chinese.  Before  the  echoes  of  the 
introduction  had  fairly  died  away,  she  sent  a 
wave  of  indignation  after  the  poor  Chinese  that 
would  have  swept  them  back  to  the  flowery 
kingdom  with  one  blast  of  her  trumpet  if  I  had 
not  implored  her  to  let  them  stay  until  they 
had  picked  one  more  crop  of  hops  for  me.  I 
would  like  to  see  the  reports  of  some  of  these 
commissioners  in  the  rough;  I  think  they  would 
show  a  more  intimate  relation  with  tools  than 
letters. 

The  12th  was  rainy  and  foggy  all  day,  and 
with  a  good  deal  of  rough  sea.  We  only  expe- 
rienced one  day  of  tho  terrible  storm  they  had 
aboub  New  York,  We  came  to  anchor  about 
six  o'clock  in  the  stream,  Thursday,  the  12th, 
eight  days  from  Liverpool.  I).  Flint. 

[This  letter  closes  the  series  to  the  prepara- 
tion of  which  Mr.  Flint  must  have  given  much 
of  his  leisure  time.  Few  men  oould  find  oppor- 
tunity to  write  so  much  during  a  hurried  tour, 
and  few  could  make  such  a  delightful  combina- 
tion of  fact  and  fancy  as  he  has  done.  He  has 
shared  with  his  California  friends  the  advan- 
tages of  bis  opportunities  and  they  will  thank 
him  heartily  for  his  instruction  and  entertain- 
ment.— Eds.  Press.] 


AFRICAN    EXPLORER. 


leaving  no  will,  and  the  lad  was  again  thrown 
on  his  own  resources. 

On  the  breaking  out  of  the  rebellion  in 
the  United  States  in  1861,  young  Stanley 
went  into  the  Confederate  army.  He  was 
taken  prisoner  by  the  Federal  forces,  and, 
being  allowed  his  liberty,  he  volunteered  in 
the  Federal  navy,  being  already  fond  of  sea- 
faring and  adventure.  In  course  of  time  he 
was  promoted  to  be  acting  ensign  on  the 
ironclad  Ticonderoga.  When  the  war  was 
over,  his  love  of  adventure  led  him  to  travel, 
and  he  went  to  Asia  ]Vlmor,saw  many  strange 
countries,  wrote  letters  to  the  American 
newspapers,  and  even  then  was  making  for 
himselt  a  name  and  fame.  Returning  to  the 
United  States,  he  was  sent  by  Mr.  Bennett, 
of  the  New  York  Herald^  to  Abyssinia  in 
1868,  a  war  having  broken  out  between  the 
British  and  the  king  of  that  country.  There, 
Stanley  got  his  first  taste  of  African  advent- 
ure. 

In  the  autumn  o(  1869,  the  world  was  be- 
ginning to  wonder  whether  Dr.  Livingstone, 
the  devoted  Christian  missionary  and  African 
explorer,  was  alive  or  dead.  More  than  20 
months  had  passed  since  his  last  letter  was 
written,  and  the  world  began  to  believe  he 
had  died  in  the  heart  of  the  Dark  Continent. 
James  Gordon  Bennett,  the  editor  of  the 
New  York  Her  aid,  VI  as  at  this  time  in  Paris, 
and  telegraphed  Stanley  to  meet  him  there, 
which,  with  his  customary  promptitude,  he 
immediately  did.  On  his  arrival,  he  was 
confronted  with  the  startling  and  wholly  un- 
expected question,  "Will  you  go  to  Africa 
and  find  Livingstone?"  After  a  moment's 
reflection  he  answered  "  I  will,"  and  the 
agreement  was  at  once  concluded.  | 


The  2ist  of  March,  1871,  found  Stanley 
at  Zanzibar,  with  a  caravan  of  192  followers, 
ready  for  the  great  expedition.  On  the  24th 
of  October,  at  Ujiji,  on  the  shores  of  Lake 
Tanganyika,  he  first  met  the  famous  mission- 
ary who  was  so  powerful  to  influence  all  of 
his  a'ter  life.  They  remained  together  till 
March  14,  1872,  the  younger  m^n  drinking 
in  the  spirit  of  the  elder,  and  becoming,  as 
he  often  declares,  converted  by  him. 

Two  years  later,  in  the  spring  of  1874, 
when  the  remains  o\  Livingstone  were  carried 
back  to  England  in  one  of  the  Queen's 
ships,  for  burial  in  Westminster  Abbey, 
Stanley  was  one  of  those  who  bore  him  to 
his  grave.  It  was  then,  he  tells  us,  that  he 
vowed  he  would  clear  up  the  mystery  of  the 
Dark  Continent,  find  the  real  course  of  the 
great  river,  or,  if  God  should  so  will,  be 
the  next  martyr  to  the  cause  of  geographical 
science. 

The  outlet  of  Lake  Tanganyika  was  as 
yet  undiscovered;  the  secret  sources  of  the 
Nile  were  unknown,  and  even  the  then 
famous  Victoria  Nyanza  was  only  imper- 
fectly sketched  on  the  maps. 

The  proprietor  of  the  London  Tclt\^aph 
cabled  Bennett,  asking  if  he  would  join  the 
new  expedition.  "Yes,  Bennett,''  was  the 
answer  speedily  flashed  back  under  the  sea, 
and  the  thing  was  determined.  Stanley  left 
England  in  August,  1874,  attended  by  only 
three  white  men,  and  at  Zanzibar  the  party 
was  increased  by  porters  and  others,  mostly 
Arabs  and  blacks,  to  the  number  of  224 
persons,  some  of  the  men  taking  their  wives 
with  them;  and  on  the  13th  of  November 
the  column  boldly  advanced  into  theheart  of 
the  Dark  Continent,  having  for  its  twofold 
object  to  explore  the  great  Nile  lakes,  and, 
striking  the  great  Lualaba  where  Living- 
stone left  it,  to  follow  wherever  it  might  lead. 
It  has  been  rightly  called  "an  undertaking 
which,  for  grandeur  of  conception,  and  for 
sagacity,  vigor,  and  completeness  of  execu- 
tion, must  ever  rank  among  the  marches  of 
the  greatest  generals  and  the  triumphs  of 
the  greatest  discoverers  of  history."  August 
9,  1877,  Stanley  emerged  at  the  Congo's 
mouth,  and  "  a  new  world  had  been  dis- 
covered by  a  new  Columbus  in  a  canoe." 

On  his  return  to  England  he  found  an 
embassy  from  the  King  of  the  Belgians,  who 
had  been  planning  an  expedition  to  open  up 
the  Congo  country  to  trade,  and  who  wanted 
Stanley  to  take  command.  With  great  re- 
luctance he  undertook  the  management  of 
the  International  Association,  as  the  new 
organization  was  called,  and  returned  to 
Africa  in  1879,  where  he  remained  nearly 
six  years,  hard  at  work,  doing  more  than  any 
other  man  to  found  the  Congo  Free  State 
south  of  the  great  bend  of  the  Congo  river, 
having  an  area  of  i,5t>S,ooo  square  mi  es, 
and  a  population  of  probably  fitty  millions. 
In  obtaining  the  concessions  of  over  400 
native  chiefs,  not  one  shot  was  fired.  It  was 
a  grand  victory  over  barbarism  without  the 
guilt  of  bloodshed  that  too  often  has  stained 
such  triumphs. 

While  Stanley  was  in  this  country,  during 
the  winter  of  1886-7,  he  was  called  back  to 
Europe  once  more  to  take  command  of  an 
African  expedition,  the  one  for  the  rescue  of 
Emin  Pasha.     June  2Sth,  with  a  total  force 
of  389,  Stanley  started  eastward  from  a  point 
not   far    from  the  mouth  of  the  Aruwhimi. 
Progress  was  slow,  owing   to  opposition  of 
the  natives   and   suflferings  of  the  party  as 
they   marched    through   thick  and   gloomy 
forests.     When    they    reached    Ibwiri,    126 
miles  from  the  Albert  Nyanza,  Nov.  12th,  the 
party  had  become  reduced  to  174,  and  most 
of  those  that  survived  were  mere  skeletons. 
After    resting    12   days    they    resumed    the 
march  and  in  another  week  emerged  from 
the  deadly  forest.     Dec.  13th  they  sighted 
the  Nyanza  and  encamped  on  its  banks,  but 
Emin  was  not  there.      They  were  too  weak 
to  march  northward  to  Wadelai,the  capital; 
the  natives  would  not  let  them  have  a  boat 
and  Stanley  would   not  take  one  by  force; 
there  were  no  trees  large  enough  to  make 
one,  and  his  own  boat  was  190  miles  in  the 
rear  because  the  men  were  too  weak  to  bring 
it.    There  was  nothing  to  do  but  to  go  back 
for  the  boat.       In  spite  of  Stanley's  severe 
illness,   which    required  a   month's   careful 
nursing,  what  was  left  of  the  force  was  back 
in   the   vicinity  of  the   lake   by  the   last  of 
April.     They  found  a  note  from  Emin,  who 
had  heard  rumors  of  their  arrival  and  begged 
them  to  stay  till  he  could  communicate  with 
them.     Emin    arrived    in  his  steamer  April 
29th  amid  great  rejoicing.     The  two  parties 
remained    together    until    May    23d,    when 
Stanley,  rested  and  reinforced,  started  back 
to  Fort   Bodo,  where  he  had   left  men  and 
supplies.       He    pushed    still  farther   back, 
hoping  to   meet  the  other  half  of  the  expe- 
dition.    But  Major  Bartelott  had  been  shot 
and  the  demoralized  rear  column  had  gone 
to  pieces,  believing  the  report  that  Stanley 
was  dead.     Though  disappointed  and  crip- 
pled, Stanley  went  back  by  a  shorter  route 
to  the  Nyanza  and  again   united  with  Emin. 


130 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Feb.  22,  1890 


n^lNIJ^JG   SUMMAF^Y, 

The  following  Is  mostly  coudensed  from  joumalB  published 
iu  the  interior,  in  prou'mfty  to  the  mines  mentioned. 


CALIFORNIA. 

Amador. 

FiNfSHED.— Amador  Dispatch,  Feb.  15:  The 
LraQU\'ay  at  the  Amador  mine  has  been  finished  and 
the  mill  will  be  slatted  as  soon  as  their  concentra- 
tors can  be  got  up  from  lone.  The  roads  have  been 
so  bad  for  the  last  two  or  three  months  that  no 
heavy  machinery  could  be  hauled  up,  but  they  are 
improving"  rapidly  now. 

Middle  Bar. — Middle  Bar,  which  has  for  a  lon^ 
lime  been  very  dull,  is  having  some  sort  of  awaken- 
ing, due  to  the  work  being  done  on  the  Harden- 
buref.  The  hoisting  works  are  being  erected.  Mr. 
Matson  is  directing:  the  work,  and  it  will  be  finished 
in  about  two  weeks.  D.  Donnelly  of  Sutter  fur- 
nishes  the  machinery  and  C.  O.  Mitchell  the  pipe. 
The  work  bein^  done  gives  employment  to  quite  a 
number  of  men. 

Keystone.  —  Ledger,  Feb.  15;  A  new  strike, 
which  is  believed  to  be  pregnant  with  future  pros 
perity  for  this,  the  oldest  bullion-producer  of  the 
county,  was  made  last  week.  Men  have  been  era 
ployed  in  prospecting  operations  at  the  i4oo-foat 
level.  For  400  feet  above  that  level  the  ore  body 
was  lost,  and  extensive  prospecting  failed-to  reveal 
its  existence.  The  unwelcome  conviction  began  to 
force  itself  upon  the  minds  of  many  that  the  mine 
was  worked  out,  that  the  pay  chute  of  this  famous 
mine  did  not  reach  down  into  the  earth  beyond 
1000  feet.  This  idea  has  been  exploded.  In  cross- 
cutting  west,  a  distinct  ledge,  said  to  be  16  feet 
wide,  has  been  encountered.  We  are  informed 
there  is  no  doubt  of  its  paying  nature.  The  length 
of  the  vein  is  not  known,  but  drifts  will  be  run 
north  and  south  as  speedily  as  possible  to  deter- 
mine this  point.  The  discovery,  it  is  generally  be- 
lieved, will  give  another  long  period  of  prosperity  to 
this  grand  gold-producer. 

Amador  Gold  Mine. — The  concentrators  and 
other  machinery  necessary  to  the  completion  of  the 
mill  are  now  arriving,  and  the  work  of  putting 
them  in  position  is  to  be  pushed  ahead  as  rapidly 
as  possible.  Ex-Senator  Wallace  of  Pennsylvania, 
and  Mr.  Harrison  from  London,  who  is  largely 
interested  in  the  property,  arrived  here  last  Satur- 
day, and  it  is  understood  they  intend  to  remain 
here  until  the  mill  is  completed.  This  will  take  at 
least  a  month,  providing  we  have  favorable  weather 
to  admit  of  the  hauling  of  the  50  tons  of  freight 
from  lone.  The  number  of  working  hours  wiih 
some  of  the  miners  was  increased  from  eight  to  ten. 
This  action  is  not  unusual.  In  those  places  where 
the  ventilation  is  not  good,  eight-hour  shifts  are  in 
vogue;  where  the  air  is  better,  ten  hours  are  re- 
quired. Some  dissatisfaction  was  felt  on  account 
of  pay-day  (the  12th  instant)  passing,  and  the  work- 
men failing  to  get  their  money.  They  are  now 
two  months  behind.  This,  however,  while  it  is 
bard  on  those  who  depend  entirely  upon  their 
monthly  wages  for  the  payment  of  their  bills,  should 
cause  no  serious  anxiety.  The  vast  improvements 
at  the  mine  and  mill— undoubtedly  not  surpassed 
if  equaled  in  the  Slate— are  a  sufficient  guarantee 
for  the  payment  of  a  few  thousand  dollars  arrear- 
age for  wages. 

New  London.— Thirty  stamps  of  the  New  Lon^ 
don  mill  were  started  on  Tuesday,  and  will  be  kept 
running  steadily. 

Miscellaneous.  —  At  the  Casco  or  Harden- 
burgh  mine  at  Middle  Bar,  they  are  engaged  in  pul- 
ing up  a  water-power  hoist.  They  have  400  feet 
of  water  to  take  out  of  the  shaft,  and  it  is  the  in- 
tention as  soon  as  this  is  accomplished  to  sink  the 
shaft  several  hundred  feet  deeper.  At  the  North 
Gover  they  have  secured  a  lot  of  pipe  from  the 
Treasure  Box  mine,  and  a  water-wheel  used  at  the 
Poiosi,  and  will  put  up  water-power  hoisting  works 
as  speedily  as  possible.  The  Grass  Valley  hydraulic 
is  running  steadily  with  an  abundance  of  water. 

Oalaveras. 

West  Point.  —  Calaveras  Chronicle,  Feb.  15: 
Mr.  Moore  has  a  large  force  of  hands  engaged  in 
moving  the  machinery  from  the  Water  Lily  mine  to 
the  Blazing  Star.  It  is  expected  that  everything  will 
be  ready  to  start  up  in  about  two  weeks.  The  Lone 
Star  mill  is  doing  good  work.  Mr,  G.  L.  Brown, 
the  superintendent,  has  just  returned  from  San 
Francisco  and  will,  it  is  expected,  make  qmteanum- 
ber  of  hearts  glad.  The  Lone  Star  is  not  the  only 
mine  in  the  district.  I  know  of  several  good  mines 
owned  by  prospectors  who  have  not  the  means  to 
handle  their-properiies  when  they  reach  water-level, 
which  they  do  at  a  depth  of  from  75  to  100  feet.  It 
is  safe  to  assert  that  there  are  hundreds  of  California 
and  Eastern  capitalists  who,  if  they  only  knew  the 
chances  this  district  affords  them  to  get  hold  of 
a  good  mining  property,  there  would  not  be  many 
left  in  a  year's  lime.  The  mines  in  this  district  have 
just  been  prospected  enough  to  prove  conclusively 
that  this  is  no  pocket  raining,  but  legitimate  and 
well-defined  ledges  with  rock  bearing  gold  and  silver 
and  assaying  up  in  the  hundreds.  With  such  mines 
as  the  Lockwood,  that  has  produced  thousands  of 
dollars,  the  Lone  Star  and  Blazing  Star,  which  have 
as  fine-looking  ledges  as  can  be  found  anywhere  in 
this  State,  ought  to  be  proof  enough  for  men  looking 
for  mines  to  see  for  themse'ves.  We  also  have  some 
rich  gravel  deposits  in  this  district  which  have 
scarcely  been  prospected  as  yet,  although  the  water 
facilities  are  abundant.  All  that  is  needed  is  capital 
to  develop  some  rich  placer  mines.  Operations  will 
be  resumed  at  the  Tom  Payne  and  Scorpion  mines 
in  a  few  days.  Messrs.  Gilgore  &  Kizer  have  been 
taking  out  some  very  rich  rock  frora  their  mine  which 
lies  southwest  of  the  Blazing  Star. 

Drv  Crushing.— Angels  Echo.  Feb.  13:  Otto 
Dolling  will  have  eight  tons  of  quartz  crushed  in 
C.  D.  Smyth's  dry  crusher,  situated  near  Angels, 
next  week.  In  connection  with  the  crusher,  Mr. 
Smyth  has  a  process  of  his  own  for  the  treatment 
of  refractory  ores. 

Cloud.— Work  is  progressing  on  the  Cloud'mine 
near  Albany  Flat,  owned  by  Mr.  Otto  Dolling. 
A  perpendicular  shaft  is  being  sunk  alongside  of 
the  ledge,  and  it  is  the  intention  of  Mr.  Dolling  to 
run  a  crosscut  and  tap  the  vein  as  soon  as  the  shaft 
reaches  a  satisfactory  depth. 

Bl  Dorado. 

To  BE  Developed.— Cor.  Placerville  Observer. 
Feb.  18;   W.  E.  McKinney  came  up  from  the  Capi- 


tal City  on  Tuesday,  and  from  what  can  be  learned, 
be  and  his  partner  have  sold  or  bonded  their  por- 
tion of  the  old  Stuckslager  quartz  mine,  south  of 
Lotus.  It  is  now  in  the  bands  of  a  Sacramento 
company,  who  intend,  as  soon  as  the  weather  will 
permit,  to  erect  machinery  for  developing  the  claim. 
This  mine  has  heretofore  been  worked  on  rather  a 
poor  plan,  and  we  are  certain  that  if  the  new  com- 
pany are  in  earnest,  put  up  machinery  and  work  the 
mine  as  it  should  be  worked,  they  are  sure  to  real- 
ize handsomely  from  the  property,  besides  helping 
to  build  up  the  town  and  make  things  more  lively. 
We  hear  that  a  claim  has  been  bought  by  the  Chi- 
namen, in  Coloma,  the  price^jaid  being  $1200.  It 
is  a  placer  raine,  and  will  be  worked  in  that  style.  ■ 
iDyo. 

Trail  TO  Saline.— /??(f£:*:,  Feb.  12:  Following 
the  Ifidex  suggestion  of  last  week  regarding  a  short 
and  practical  route  from  Independence  station  to 
the  Saline  Valley  borax-fields,  it  is  claimed  that 
an  easy  route  for  a  pack-trail  can  be  found  between 
the  points  named,  and  that  the  distance  will  be 
but  little,  if  any.  in  excess  of  20  miles.  The  route 
is  now  being  gone  over  by  a  practical  man,  with  a 
view  to  contracting  for  the  transportation  of  borax 
by  pack-train  at  a  much  less  figure  than  the  present 
cost  of  hauling, 

Q^ARiz.—lnyo  Indepe/ident.  Feb.  14:  A  couple 
of  young  men  who  came  to  Big  Pine  recently  from 
Kern  county  went  prospecting  in  the  foothills  west 
from  Big  Pine.  They  struck  a  ledge  of  quartz,  and 
from  300  pounds  of  the  ore  took  out  $150.  No  re- 
port is  given  as  to  how  big  the  ledge  is. 

Cerro  Gordo.— The  work  of  relimbering  the 
Union  shaft  at  Cerro  Gordo  is  nearly  completed. 
When  this  job  shall  be  finished  it  is  very  likely  that 
the  force  of  miners  will  be  largely  increased  and  the 
work  of  developing  the  raine  be  pushed  vigorously. 
In  the  meantime  good  ore  is  being  taken  out  of  the 
mine  right  along,  and  a  T2-horse  team  is  kept  stead- 
ily on  the  road  hauling  the  ore  to  Keeler. 

Borax.— Mr.  J.  H.  Roberts  says  the  activity  in 
borax  continues  as  lively  as  ever  in  Saline  valley, 
and  he  is  confident  a  great  deal  will  be  done  there 
during  the  coming  summer. 

Kern. 

Agua  Caliente.— Cor.  Kern  County  Calijor- 
man,  Feb.  15:  Agua  Caliente  is  situated  about 
six  miles  in  a  southeasterly  direction  (latitude  and 
longitude  unknown  to  me'  at  least)  from  Walker's 
Rasin,  with  Mrs.  Scobie's  ranch  as  the  central  point. 
It  is  generally  supposed  to  be  a  stock-raising  coun- 
try, which  it  certainly  is,  and  stock  of  all  kinds  is 
looking  well.  But  as  a  mining  country  it  is  slowly 
but  surely  coming  to  the  front.  .Messrs.  McKay 
atid  Stuter  are  working  four  men  on  the  Juan  Doisa 
mine,  and  are  down  150  feet  with  the  ledge  improv- 
ing every  foot  in  depth,  the  lode  being  from  two  to 
four  feet  in  width  at  present.  Hugh  Mann  has  re- 
tired to  his  ranch  to  recruit  after  a  hard  and  profit- 
able summer's  work  on  the  Mace  and  Janett  mines- 
on  the  south  side  of  Piute  Mounlain.  Mr.  Sower 
and  Mr.  Blank  are  running  a  tunnel  on  the  Brogan 
mine  aboitt  two  miles  from  Scobie's  ranch.  They 
are  in  a  distance  of  100  feet,  with  very  encouraging 
prospects.  Mr.  Berry  has  located  the  Little  Joker 
near  E.  R.  Peek's  ranch,  and  has  started  a  tunnel. 
He  has  found  i;ome  good  prospects.  Mr.  Ahem 
has  returned  to  Kern  with  three  partners,  all  expert 
miners  frora  Arizona.  They  have  located  what  is 
known  as  the  Herbert  mine,  about  three  railes 
northeast  from  the  Indian  Rancheria,  and  have  run 
a  tunnel  into  the  lode  which  is  looking  well.  They 
have  also  found  a  new  lode  with  a  continuous  pay 
chute  on  the  surface  for  a  distance  of  400  (eet. 
rhey  have  sunk  a  shaft  15x20  feet.  Messrs.  Mi  ler 
&  Canty  have  relocated  the  old  Helmes'  mines  frora 
which  a  considerable  amount  of  good  ore  has  been 
taken  in  the  past,  and  in  which  there  is  good  reason 
to  believe  plenty  more  exists. 
Napa. 
Quicksilver  Shipments.— Crt//i%/c«,  Feb.  12: 
During  the  month  of  January,  fiisks  of  quicksilver 
produced  at  the  mines  were  shipped  from  Calistoga 
as  follows:  Napa  Consolidated,  215;  Bradford 
rame,  125;  Great  Western,  55;  Sulphur  Bank,  qo' 
total  flasks  for  month,  485. 


tation,  whether  by  sea  or  have  it  sent  across  the 
continent  by  rail,  which  looks  as  if  the  company  is 
ready  for  business  as  soon  as  it  is  satisfied  that  the 
ores  of  this  district  can  be  advantageously  worked 
by  that  process.  The  district  needs  reduction 
works,  as  at  the  present  time  a  large  amount  of  con- 
centrates are  shipped  off  to  different  points  to  be 
manipulated,  and  this  has  to  be  done  at  consider- 
able expense  in  the  matter  of  freight  and  other 
charges,  that  could  be  saved  if  they  could  be  worked 
at  home.  The  establishment  of  reduction  works 
here  will  be  money  saved  to  raine-owners  and  will 
have  the  effect  to  stimulate  vein  mining. 

The  Menlo  Mining  Propertv.— Grass  Valley 
U/iio/i,  Feb.  18:  St.  Louis  and  London  parties  have 
had  a  working  bond  on  the  Menlo  mining  properly 
of  this  district  for  sorae  time,  and  the  date  for  the 
comraenceraent  of  work  was  to  expire  on  the  ist  of 
March.  The  owners  of  the  properly  are  James  M. 
Lakenan,  M.  C.  Taylor,  Henry  Silvester  and  Peter 
Johnson,  and  within  a  few  days  they  have  been  ad- 
vised that  the  bonders  will  comply  with  the  terras, 
and  will  have  a  representative  here  before  that  date 
ready  to  commence  operations.  The  bonders  will 
then  have  about  15  months  in  which  to  satisfy  them- 
selves as  to  making  a  final  purchase  of  the  property 
at  the  price  agreed  upon.  They  are  held  to  expend 
a  certain  amount  of  money  monthly  during  the  lite 
of  the  bond.  The  Menlo  property  consists  of  the 
Homeward  Bound  and  Illinois  and  Wisconsin  loca- 
tions, being  on  parallel  veins.  The  Homeward 
Bound  is  on  the  same  vein  as  the  Lone  Jack  and 
Hartery  and  lies  between  them.  A  good  hoisting 
and  pumping  plant  is  on  the  mine  and  the  incline 
shaft  is  down  about  250  feet.  The  mine  has  been 
standing  idle  for  sorae  years,  but  the  raachinery  is 
in  good  condition  and  the  shaft  is  also,  except  that 
the  dirt  that  has  accumulated  will  have  to  be  cleaned 
out.  As  the  mine  is  filled  with  water,  the  condition 
of  the  drifts  is  not  known,  but  as  the  ground  is  firm 
there  is  no  reason  to  suppose  that  any  serious  cav- 
ing has  taken  place.  It  is  presumed  that  the  work 
done  at  present  will  be  principally  upon  the  Home- 
ward Bound.  The  Wii^consin  vein  was  worked 
many  years  (up  to  1866),  the  incline  shaft  being  put 
down  225  leet,  and  yielded  first  and  last  a  large 
amount  of  high-grade  rock,  varying  from  $18.50  to 
$76,25  per  ton.  The  sulphurets  were  also  of  high 
grade.  The  Wisconsin  is  considered  valuable,  but 
it  needs  a  considerable  outlay  of  money  to  put  it  in 
working  shape. 

San  Bernardino. 


NEVADA. 


Nevada. 
The  Homeward  Bound  Mhh-e..  — Tidings,  Feb 
15:  We  are  informed  by  Mr.  J.  M.  Lakeman  that 
he  has  received  a  cablegram  from  a  syndicate  hav- 
ing a  bond  on  the  Homeward  Bound  mine,  Allison 
Ranch,  to  the  effect  that  the  purchase  will  be  made. 
The  bond  expires  March  ist.  The  Homeward 
Bound  is  situated  this  side  of  the  Hartery,  and  is 
separated  from  the  Omaha  by  the  Illinois  ground. 
It  is  a  propertv  that  will  pay  to  develop. 

Water.— T-zVfz^^i,  Feb.  17:  "Small  wonder 
that  the  North  Star  has  a  large  quantity  of  water  to 
contend  with,"  said  a  miner  to  the  reporter.  In  the 
New  Rocky  Bar  shaft  the  water  is  from  60  to  80  feet 
perpendicular  above  the  New  York  Hill  drain  tun- 
nel, which,  as  reported  by  the  Tidings,  has  been 
blocked  by  a  cave  or  caves.  The  water  is  now  forced 
over  a  "  hog's  back"  and  through  a  crossing  into 
the  North  Star.  Why,  enough  water  can  go  through 
that  seam  or  crossing  to  keep  a  12-inch  pump  busy 
North  Star.— Grass  Valley  Union,  Feb.  15:  It 
has  been  a  hard  fight  against  the  water  in  the  North 
Star,  which  is  supposed  to  have  been  receiving  a 
large  amount  of  water  from  the  New  York  HUl 
mine,  by  means  of  a  "  crossing"  through  the  coun- 
try rock.  The  drain  tunnel  of  the  New  York  Hill 
mine  is  caved,  which  prevents  the  surface  water 
from  being  drained  off.  The  water  in  the  North 
Star  mine  is  being  held,  but  not  much  progress  has 
yet  been  made  in  lowering  it. 

Keduction  Works  AT  Grass  Valley.— C/www, 
Feb.  15:  There  is  a  strong  probability  that  in  the 
near  future  reduction  works  will  be  established  at 
Grass  Valley  for  working  the  mineral  ores  of  the  dis- 
trict which  are  not  free  milling,  by  what  is  known  as 
the  "  Pollak  Process,"  which  is  claimed  to  be  an  im- 
provement on  the  "  Newberry- Vautin  Process,"  of 
which  mention  has  heretofore  been  made,  and  the 
proprietors  of  which  have  for  the  past  year  been  con- 
sidering as  to  the  erection  of  a  plant  here.  The 
•' Pollak  Process"  is  held  in  Scotland,  and  a  re- 
quest has  come  from,  there  that  ores  and  concentrates 
from  the  North  Banner  mine,  which  carry  both  sil- 
ver and  gold,  be  sent  for  a  practical  test,  which  will 
be  complied  with  at  once,  as  the  offer  is  made  to 
bear  the  cost  of  transportation.  The  raachinery 
that  will  be  used  for  a  permanent  plant  will  be 
heavy  and  manufactured  in  Scotland,  and  inquiries 
have  already  been  made  as  to  the  mode  of  transpor- ' 


Victor.- Los  Angeles  Herald,  Feb.  15:  From 
reliable  information  just  received  we  are  able  to  re- 
port the  construction  of  a  lo-stamp  gold-mill  at  the 
town  of  Victor,  on  the  Santa  Fe  railroad,  by  Messrs. 
Urban  l^  Girbutt,  citizens  of  Los  Angeles  and  gen- 
tlemen of  experience  in  mining  and  milling  business. 
It  is  expected  the  mill  will  be  corapleted  and  in  full 
operation  within  the  next  40  days  for  crushing  the 
ores  of  the  Side- Winder  raine,  distant  nine  miles 
from  Victor  in  the  Silver  Mounlain  raining  district. 
The  site  for  the  mill  was  donated  by  Judge  Widney, 
who  laid  off  the  town.  From  all  reports  this  camp 
has  a  very  promising  outlook.  It  is  also  reported 
that  an  English  company  is  to  put  up  a  mill  about 
25  railes  from  Victor,  in  the  Holcomb  raining  dis- 
trict, to  work  the  ores  of  the  Black  Hawk  mines. 
Machinery  will  also  soon  be  built  on  the  Morcngo 
raining  pKoperty,  28  miles  from  Victor,  in  the  Mor- 
ongo  district. 

San  Die^o. 

Julian.— ^fifl/zV/f/,  Feb.  14:  Mi-.  King  of  the 
Owens  is  busy  getting  in  timber  preparatory  to  start- 
ing up  the  mine  again.  We  were  informed  a 
couple  of  weeks  ago  that  work  was  to  be  resumed 
on  the  Kentuck  mine  on  the  7th  of  this  month,  but 
the  owners  have  not  arrived  as  yet.  Messrs.  Line 
&  Smith  of  Pomona  returned  on  Wednesday  and 
work  on  the  Cincinnati  Belle  raine  will  be  resumed. 

Banner.  — Bryan  Obear,  of  the  Kentuck  mine  of 
Banner,  writes  from  St.  Louis,  Mo  ,  for  more  sam- 
ples, which  were  forwarded  yesterday.  He  says 
they  will  commence  operations  on  a  large  scale  by 
the  15th  of  March. 

Shasta. 


Squaw  Creek.— Cor.  Redding  Free  Press.  Feb. 
10:  Owing  to  the  recent  severe  storms,  the  Uncle 
Sam  M.  Co.  was  compe  l-'d  to  suspend  operations 
for  a  time.  The  power  drill  in  the  James  tunnel  is 
in  successful  operation,  and  much  better  progress  is 
being  made.  During  the  last  month  several  snow- 
slides  occurred,  one  of  thera  taking  the  Clipper  mill 
down  the  canyon.  The  Riley  and  Snyder  mines  had 
to  shut  down  on  account  of  not  having  provisions  to 
last  during  the  snowstorm.  S,  J.  Johns,  superin- 
tendent of  the  Uncle  Sara  mine,  has  returned  from 
the  Eureka  mills. 

Lower  Springs.— Cor.  Shasta  Democrat,  Feb. 
16:  The  party  who  purchased  the  B.  Swasey  mine 
is  here  awaiting  good  weather  to  commence  the 
erection  of  a  mill  on  the  properly.  It  is  understood 
here  that  the  Hartman  M.  Co.  have  let  a  contract 
to  parties  who  will  drift  for  the  ledge  which  is  sup- 
posed to  be  somewhere  near  the  present  tunnel  level. 
The  latest  report  is  to  the  effect  that  a  rich  seam  of 
gold  quartz  has  been  found  near  the  raain  tunnel. 
The  funnel  that  is  in  progress  on  the  old  Gage  place 
south  of  the  Swasey  mine  is  in  160  feet.  The  com- 
pany expects  soon  to  encounter  the  ledge.  Mr. 
Halley  appears  to  have  a  good  raany  claimants  to 
his  little  raine  to  contend  with.  The  strike  has 
panned  out  nicely  in  the  last  two  raonths.  Sorae  of 
these  claimants  demand  half  of  the  stuff  Halley  has 
taken  out  and  others  have  ordered  him  off  the 
ground.  Such  bluff  games  are  often  practiced  on 
honest  miners  who  are  fortunate  enough  to  find  a 
rich  deposit. 

Sierra. 
Crushed  by  Snow. — Mountain  Mes-en^er,  Feb. 
15:  The  hoisting  works  and  other  buildings  at  the 
Alaska  quartz  mine.  Pike  City,  were  crushed  by  the 
recent  heavy  snowfall.  The  middle  building  at  the 
Primrose  raine  is  crushed  in  on  the  east  side  by  the 
snow,  but  no  very  great  amount  of  damage  has  been 
done  to  the  property, 

Trinity; 

New  River. — Trinity /(??//-/^<27,  Feb.  15:  Frank 
Ladd  came  in  from  New  River  to-day.  He  informs 
us  that  John  Lewis,  who  kept  a  boarding-house  at 
that  place,  was  killed  by  a  snowslide  on  Jan.  10. 
Everyihing  is  quiet  in  the  camp  at  present,  although 
Ladd  &  Clements  and  the  Ridgeway  Co.  are  work- 
ing their  raines,  and  two  men  are  at  work  on  the 
Uncle  Sam. 


Washoe  District. 
SierraNevada.— Virginia  Chronicle.  Feb.  15: 
Underground  operations  resumed  Feb.  10.  Have 
repaired  the  main  shaft  120  feet  below  the  520  level, 
and  at  a  point  630  feet  below  the  shaft  collar  are 
excavating  a  station  on  the  west  side.  Operations 
on  the  520  level  are  suspended. 

Union  Con.— On  the  1465  level  in  the  north  lat- 
eral drift  100  feet  south  of  west  crosscut  No.  3, 
wset  crosscut  No.  4  is  advanced  195  leet,  and  has 
reached  the  foolwail.  Opposite  we^t  crosscut  No.  4 
an  east  croiscut  is  advanced  13  feet  in  porphyry. 
Mexican. —On  the  1465  levfi  west  crosi^cui  No. 
3,  100  ftet  south  of  No.  2,  frora  the  north  drilt  from' 
west  crosscut  No.  i,  from  the  mam  north  lateral 
drift,  is  extended  63  feet  in  a  porphyry  formation. 

Ophir.— On  the  1300  level  from  the  end  of  the 
east  crosscut  from  the  shaft  station  a  south  drift  is 
advanced  361  feet,  from  the  end  of  the  east  crosscut, 
316  feet  from  the  shaft  station,  cuniinumg  in  por- 
pnyry  and  quartz. 

Con.  California  &  Virginia.— The  1300, 1435, 
1500  and  1600  levels  continue  to  yield  the  usual 
quantity  of  ore.  On  the  1650  level  the  raise  above 
the  end  of  the  east  crosscut  (rom  the  end  of  the 
north  drift  from  the  winze,  sunk  60  leet  below  tl  s 
end  of  the  south  drift,  is  carried  up  37  feet,  and  is 
in  quartz  showing  sorae  ore.  The  raise  above  the 
end  of  the  northwest  drift,  from  the  main  west  drift 
from  the  C.  &  C.  shaft,  is  up  95  feet  and  hfs  con- 
nected with  the  winze  sunk  below  the  1500  level 
nonh  drift,  Ironi  the  Con,  Viigioia  shaft,  Shipped 
to  the  Morgan  mill  1108  tons  and  12S&  pounds  of 
ore,  and  to  the  Eureka  1705  tons  and  320  pounds; 
battery  sample  assays  showing  an  average  value  of 
$27.65  per  ion.  Bullion  valued  at  $53,300  in  local 
assay  office. 

Gould  &  Curry.— Go  the  200  level  from  the 
southwest  drift,  at  a  point  335  f.  et  frora  west  cro>s- 
cut  No.  I,  west  crosscut  No.  2  is  advancea  12  leet. 
Forraation  porphyry  and  quartz  showing  some 
Value. 

Best  &  BELCHEE.—On  the  1200  level  the  north 
drilt  is'cteaned  out  and  repaired  50  feet.  Total  dis- 
tance 245  feet. 

Utah  —On  the  600  level  the  southeast  drift  from 
the  shaft  station  is  extended  894  feet.  Formation 
soft  porphyry,  clay  and  quartz. 

Occidental  Cun.— Continue  to  ex'ract  ore  of 
good  quality  from  the  slopes  on  the  400  and  450 
levels.  The  raise  ico  feet  south  of  No.  3  raise  is  up 
25 'eet  and  is  showing  fair  quality  ore.  The  550 
line  east  crosscut  is  advanced  eighi  feel  in  porphyry 
and  clay.  A  south  drift  from  the  end  of  the  line 
west  crosscut  is  extended  six  leet  in  porphyry  and 
quartz  showing  value. 

North  Occidental.— The  550  level  joint  east 
crosscut  is  extended  eight  feet  in  porph>ry  and  c'ay. 
The  north  drift  from  the  line  west  cro-scut  is  extend- 
ed three  ftet  in  porphyry  and  quartz  showing  valu''. 
Savage.— Shipped  670  tons  of  ore,  showing  an 
average  value  of  $23,80  by  battery  sample  assays. 
Raise  No.  i  above  the  400  level  continues  in  lair 
grade  ore. 

Hale  &  Norchoss.— Shipped  during  the  week 
860  tons  of  ore,  showing  a  value  of  $19.90  per  ton 
by  pulp  assay. 

Chollar.— During  the  week  crushed  439  tons  of 
ore.  pulp  assays  showing  an  average  value  of  $21.75 
per  ion. 

Potosi. — The  930  level  east  crosscut  continues  in 
low-grade  quartz.  Repairs  to  the  timbering  of  the 
openings  on  the  630  level  still  in  progress. 

Andes.— Reopening  shaft  compartments  on  the 
420  level,  and  timbering  station  preparatory  to  drift- 
ing northwest  for.  downward  continuation  of  350 
level  ore. 

Imperial.— The  300  level  west  crosscut,  No.  2, 
is  in  porphyry.  The  500  level  we3t  crosscut  con- 
tinues in  quartz.  The  500  \evs\  north  drift  is  out 
1393  feet  from  the  Yellow  Jacket  shaft. 

Alpha. — The  600  north  drift  is  showing  some 
pay  ore.  The-  500  level  west  crosscut  is  in  low- 
grade  quartz. 

Exchequer.— The  50c  level  east  crosscut  at  the 
Alpha  line  continues  in  quartz  and  porphyry. 

Ward  Comuination  Shaft.  — The  1800  level 
east  drift  is  advanced  205  feet. 

Overman.— Shipped  200  tons  of  ore  of  fair  qual- 
ity. The  I20O  level  northeast  drift  is  showing  good 
ore. 

New  York  Con.— Opening  a  station  on  the  600 
level  at  the  top  of  the  raise  above  the  800  level. 

CALEDONFA.-West  crosscut  No.  3  continues  in 
low-grade  quartz  and  porphyry. 

Yellow  Jacket.— Shipping  80  tons  of  ore  daily 
of  the  usual  grade. 

Crown  Point.— Shipped  during  the  week  850 
tons  of  ore,  showing  an  average  value  of  $19  50  per 
ton  by  pulp  assays. 

Belcher, — The  850  level  east  crosscut  continues 
in  porphyiy.  The  200  level  south  drift  is  in  quartz 
and  porphyry.     The  600  south  drift  is  out  70  leet. 

Seg.  Belcher.— Ore  bunches  still  showing  in 
the  1200  level  drilt  from  the  winze. 

Silver  Hill, — Usual  progress  made  in  160  and 
260  level  explorations. 

justice.— The  mill  is  crushing  45  tons  of  ore 
daily  of  the  usual  grade. 

Alta.— Mill  crushing  a  daily  average  of  45  tons 
of  ore  extracted  from  the  825  and  925  level  slopes. 

Lewis  D  strict. 
Miners,- Reese  R'wer  JHeveiUe.  Feb.  12:  W.  H. 
Williams,  who  has  charge  of  the  Eagle  mine  at  Lew- 
is, wrote  to  Sam  King  here  for  six  men  to  t^.ke  a 
contract  to  run  a  drift  at  the  mine  on  fair  terms. 
Sam  sends  the  following  miners:  Wm.  Luke,  Rich- 
ard Burroughs,  Andy  Erickson,  Maurice  O'Brien, 
John  Btnnetisand  W.  H.  Bennetts. 

Tuacarora  District. 

North  Commonwealth'.— Timcs-J?eview.  Feb. 
14:  ist  level:  North  drift  from  No.  i  crosscut  has 
been  advanced  lo  feel  and  is  still  showing  high- 
grade  ore.  2d  level:  Joint  crosscut  has  been  ex- 
tended eight  feet;  face  in  vein  matter  giving  low  as- 
says. Have  had  to  timber,  which  has  retarded  the 
work. 

Young  America  South.— H^ve  done  more  re- 
pairing during  the  past  week  than  mining,  owing  to 
the  increase  of  water  from  melting,  snow.  West 
drift  from  west  shaft  has  been  driven  53  feet  on 
hanging-wall  of  ledge,  ist  level.  West  drift  from 
west  shaft  extended   5  feet  on  ledge;  ore  low  grade 

Grand  Prize.  —  North  400-foot  level  crosscut 
from  west  drift  extended   10  feet,     soo-foot  level: 


1 


Feb.  2i,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


lai 


Wesi  drift  on  north  lateral  extended  eight  fe«l  with- 
out change,  iiast  drift  on  north  lateral  No.  a  ex- 
■  tended  13  feet;  lace  showing  14  inches  of  ore.  A 
crosscut  has  been  started  from  the  north  lateral  and 
is  in  seven  feet.  ,    ■ 

Hkl  Monte.— ist  level:  A  drift  has  been  started 
from  No.  2  crosscut  to  op«n  up  ore  cut  by  the  cross- 
cut. The  ore  is  high  grade.  North  drift  Irom  No. 
I  crosscut  has  been  advanced  seven  feet.  Tht  .Irill 
continues  all  in  ore;  average  of  liisi-class.  $103.}  per 
ton.  3d  level:  Joint  crosscut  has  been  adv. meed 
eight  feet  in  vein  formation,  and  looks  favorable  for 
ore.  3d  level:  North  driit  from  joint  crosscut  has 
been  extended  18  feet,  showing  quite  an  iniprove- 
■iient  in  the  Rrade  of  the  ore  since  last  report. 

CoMMONWKAt-Tii.  —  isl  level:  liist  d'ift  from 
No.  I  north  drift  advanced  nine  feet;  total,  61  feet, 
developing  tine  ore.  No.  10  north  drilt  extended  14 
feet.  North  drift  from  No.  5  chute  has  reached  the 
North  Commonwealth  line  and  still  shows  good  ore 
in  the  face.  Upraise  from  No.  5  chute  extended 
upward  16  feet,  total  44  feet;  ore  m  the  top  is  low 
grade.  Dolan  drift  txiended  ts  feet;  continues  to 
show  good  ore.  ad  level:  No.  2  east  crosscut  has 
been  extended  11  feel  in  favornble-looking  formation. 
No.  3  east  crosscut  advanced  16  feet,  cutting  small 
seams  of  ore.  4lh  level:  North  gangway  h^*:  been 
advanced  nine  feet;  150  feel  has  hvid  to  be  timbered, 
all  of  which  has  been  completed,  and  drifting  can 
be  pushtd.  All  the  slopes  continue  to  look  well. 
Hoisted  during  the  week  640  tons  of  ore.  Average 
battery  pulp  at  the  mill  for  the  week,  5263  pur  ton 
average  batlt;ry  at  concentrating  plant,  $19.98  per 
ton.  Bullion  bhippid,  $35,83924.  The  mill  was 
shut  down  48  hours  10  m  ike  soms  alterations  in  the 
flues,  but  is  now  running  nicely  and  doing  good 
work. 

ALASKA. 

Ukar'S  Nkst  MiNE.^Juneiu  Free  Press,  Jan. 
35:  A  line  body  ol  quutz  h;is  been  cut  in  the  long 
tunnel  ol  the  Bear's  Nest  mine,  and  good  quartz 
had  bfen  encountered  in  the  upper  tunnels.  The 
long  tunnel  is  now  driven  nearly  20  leet  in  solid 
quartz,  which  thus  far  has  given  very  satisfactory 
average  returns,  the  quartz  in  the  upper  tunnels 
also  assaying  well.  A  survey  made  by  Mr.  Bern- 
hardt's  engineer  along  the  line  of  the  long  tunnel 
revealed  the  fact  that  the  tunnel  had  been  stopped 
under  the  old  management  nearly  ico  feet  short  of 
the  vein,  and  in  about  that  distance  a  vein  of  quartz 
has  been  encountered.  The  old  management  must 
certainly  have  been  aware  of  ilie  number  of  feet  of 
tunnel  that  would  have  to  be  run  10  reach  the  vein, 
as  several  surveys  had  been  made  on  the  ground, 
and  why  the  tunnel  was  stopped  nearly  100  feet 
short  is  a  mystery  to  many. 

ARIZONA. 

CHLf)RiDE. — Mohave  Miner,  Feb.  15:  James 
Cadden  has  struck  a  fine  streak  of  rich  chloride  ore 
on  the  Kanawha  Belle  near  Chloride.  Thos.  Mac- 
Mahon  is  about  to  make  a  shipment  of  good  ore 
from  his  lease  on  the  Prince  George.  A  large  shrp- 
ment  ot  rich  chlorid*'  ore  will  soon  be  made  from 
the  Jennie  mine  in  Weaver  district.  Stephen  Smith 
is  getting  some  very  high-grade  ore  from  his  tunnel 
under  Serrum's  Peak,  Supt.  Bowers  resumed  oper- 
ations on  the  Night  Hawk  this  week,  and  men  will 
continue  to  be  added  to  the  force  a^  fast  a>  room 
can  be  made  for  them.  The  Esmera'da  mine,  own- 
ed by  Otto  F.  Kuencer  and  Ch^s.  Gro^s  at  Cerbet, 
upon  which  Joseph  Prisk  and  Reese  (ones  have  a 
coninct.  shoA's  four  f'-et  of  gold  and  silver  ore  in 
the  bottom  of  the  shaft.  It  is  rumored  that  Heim- 
rod  McDufTe  and  McKinnon  have  bonded  the  Sun- 
set mine  to  outside  parties  for  a  suug  sum.  The 
bond  extends  for  30  days,  and  the  owners  have 
contr.^ct  to  sink  the  shaft,  which  is  being  done  as 
rapidly  as  possible.  The  bottom  of  the  shaft  shows 
a  six-inch  streak  of  ore  carrying  rhuch  gray  copper 
and  assaying  from  250  to  9000  02s.  in  silver  and 
from  2  to  40ZS.  in  gold. 

Outlook  for  Tucson.  —  Citizen,  Feb,  12: 
Tucson  merch-ints  are  by  no  means  discouraged 
on  account  of  the  outlook  for  business  during  the 
year  1890;  nor  should  they  be.  Certainly  all  things 
are  as  lavorable  now  for  a  good  business  year  in 
l"ucson  as  they  have  been  at  any  time  during  the 
last  half  decade.  The  mining  camps  from  which 
a  large  ihare  of  our  trade  comes  are  in  good  condi- 
tion, some  of  them  far  ahead  of  what  they  were  a 
year  ago.  But  one  camp  is  called  to  nimd  now  that 
might  be  said  to  be  in  an  inactive  state;  even  at  the 
Quijotoas  work  is  continued  in  the  mines,  and  in  all 
probibility  the  mill  will  again  start  up  soon.  On 
the  other  hand,  good  camps  that  have  for  several 
years  been  dtad,  have  recently  sprung  into  activity, 
and  miners  have  been  put  to  work  and  mills  to  re- 
ducing ore  to  bullion.  Business  comes  to  this  city 
from  all  over  Southern  Arizona  and  the  outlook  for 
trade  is  good.  The  Mammoth  bids  fair  to  become 
the  largest  camp  in  the  Territory  during  the  next 
six  month?,  and  the  Mammoth  draws  its  supplies 
Irom  Tucron.  Whatever  is  necessary  to  be  done  to 
improve  the  road  to  Mammoth  should  be  done  by 
co-operative  action  among  our  business  men.  Good 
roads  are  a  great  help  to  any  city. 

The  Olive  Mtnes,— 5/flr,  Feb.  12:  News  from 
the  camp  continues  good.  Compared  with  this  tin;)e 
last  year,  a  much  better  showing  is  made  by  the  vari- 
ous mines.  The  Olive  went  ahead  of  its  record  last 
month  and  shipped  25  tons.  The  ore  is  now  in  the 
sampler.  The  owners  of  this  mine  sell  the  ore  lo 
Mr.  Wores,  who  ships  it  to  Socorro,  N.  M.  Mr. 
M-ssersmith  hauled  in  some  ore  yesterday.  He 
'  stores  it  in  bis  pi  ice  here  in  town  till  he  has  a  ship- 
ment. Work  on  the  Annie  mine  has  been  resumed. 
J.  Campbell  has  a  working  bond  on  two  mines  be- 
longing to  Y.  Johnson,  the  teamster  hauling  ore 
from  the  mines,  and  will  buy  the  mines  if  work  he  is 
now  doing  develops  good  ore.  Other  working 
claims  in  the  district  are  taking  out  paying  ore, 
Some  that  never  took  out  any  before  are  now  bring- 
ing to  light  good  ore. 

OOLORADO. 


Centennial, — Georgetown  Courier,  Feb.  14: 
The  Cente  nial  is  once  more  a  big  producer.  A 
shipnient  of  25  tons  of  ore  was  made  a  few  days 
ago.  It  is  the  intent'on  of  the  management  to  con- 
tinue sinking.  H.  H.  Atkins  and  L.  C.  Snyder  have 
leased  their  Carr  mine  in  Lake  district  to  a  pool  of 
practical  miners.  The  Carr  at  one  time  was  one  of 
Gilpin's  most  profitable  mines,     The  main  shaft"  on 


the  Colorado  Central  is  down  430  feet  below  the 
Marshall  tunnel,  or  800  feet  from  the  surface.  A 
new  Set  of  levels  will  be  started  when  the  shaft  ts  30 
Icet  deeper.  The  Seven-Thiity  is  turning  out  im- 
mense quantities  of  ore  at  present.  Tissot  i!v:  Co., 
Pulsifcr  il:  Co.,  Gchrna  &  Co.  and  J.  Grilhn  have 
each  made  cirlaid  shipments  within  the  last  week. 
Reneroni  i;  Co.  will  soon  have  a  millrun  of  several 
hundred  sacks. 

DAKOTA. 

The  Calu.mkt.— Ueadwood  Pioneer,  Feb.  15: 
Our  reporter  yesterday  availed  himsell  of  an  oppor* 
tunily  to  visit  the  iron  Hill  Mining  Company's  re- 
cent purchase,  the  North  Star  and  Black  Sulphate 
claims.  Ruby  Basin.  The  mines,  as  hus  before  been 
stated,  were  formerly  owned  by  the  Calumet  Com- 
pany, and  are  perhaps  best  known  by  that  name. 
Of  the  two  claims,  by  reason  of  the  greater  amount 
of  development  it  has  received,  the  North  Star  is  to- 
day the  more  valuable — indeed  there  are  expert  mine 
engineers  who  do  not  hesitate  to  declare  it  in  their 
opinion  because  of  the  strength  and  continuity  of 
the  ore  body,  the  most  valuable  mine  in  Kuby  Bisin, 
where  are  situated  some  of  the  best  properties  in  the 
hills.  The  mine  is  worked  through  a  tunnel  400  feet 
long.  From  mouth  to  lace  this  is  all  in  ore,  which 
found  first  near  the  surface,  dips  at  a  very  small 
angle  until  when  end  of  the  tunnel  is  reached  one  is 
possibly  30  feet  under  ground.  The  ore  body  for 
the  first  (oo  feet  is  about  four  feet  thick  on  each 
side;  alter  this  it  begins  to  gradually  increase  in  size 
until  in  the  face  of  the  tunnel  it  becomes  rather  more 
than  less  than  six  (eel  thick.  Two  crosscuts  have 
been  made,  one  66  feet,  the  other  48  feet  long.  In 
neither  of  these  has  either  wall  been  found.  The 
ore  is  everywhere.  On  the  Black  Sulphate,  adjoin- 
ing, a  tunnel  is  now  being  driven;  the  ore  body  was 
only  struck  night  before  last;  assays  had  not  been 
made  yesterday,  consequently  the  value  of  the  ore 
could  not  be  learned.  The  North  Star  ore  carries 
both  gold  and  silver,  contains  some  iron  and  sul- 
phur and  is  peculiarly  well  adapted  to  treatment 
by  pyritic  smelting,  ina<;much  as  in  it  is  found  at 
least  some  quantity  of  each  of  the  elements  required 
for  Hux  in  that  process.  It  is  to-day  among  the  best 
mining  properties  in  the  country  and  will  doubtless 
soon  rank  with  the  great  producers  of  the  precious 
metals. 

IDAHO. 

Big  Load  of  Bullion.— Challis  Messenger,  Feb. 
8:  Lawrence  Green  and  Geo.  Phillips  wt^re  m  Chal- 
lis Friday  night,  from  Willow  creek  divide.  From 
Mr.  Green,  one  of  the  owners  of  the  Clayton  Mining 
&  Smelting  Co.,  we  learn  that  the  company  ha: 
the  road  to  Ketchum  and  under  his  charge  over 
1 100  bars  of  bullion— about  60  tons— and  that  he 
expected  to  be  able  to  deliver  it  at  Ketchum  in  about 
a  month.  He  has  nine  men  and  eight  four-horse 
teams  engaged  in  moving  it  and  had  nearly  all  of  the 
bullion  on  the  Willow  creek  divide  at  the  time  he 
was  in  Challis.  From  there  he  will  move  it  all  to 
Dickey's,  going  over  the  road  as  often  as  necessary 
to  do  so,  where  it  will  be  unloaded.  From  there  to 
Riverside  in  like  manner,  then  to  North  Fork,  then 
to  Summit,  then  to  the  foot  of  the  big  grade,  then  to 
Ketchum.  He  expects  and  intends,  with  this  large 
force  of  men  and  teams  and  by  making  short  hauls 
and  doubling  the  road  so  frequently,  to  deliver  that 
bullion,  no  matter  with  what  quantity  of  snow  and 
blockades  he  has  to  contend. 

Wood  Kivkr.— Times.  Feb.  12:  There  never 
was  a  time  in  the  history  of  Wood  River  when  the 
outlook  for  a  pro5;perous  season  was  as  good  as  it  is 
at  present.  The  Minnie  Moore  is  as  good  a  mine 
as  ever;  the  Queen  of  the  Hills  has  just  struck  an- 
other extensive  bonanza;  the  Idahoan  shows  a  2j^- 
foot  vein  of  high-grade  ore  which  has  already  been 
cut  and  defined  on  the  600,  703  and  Soo-foot  levels; 
the  Jay  Gould  has  a  large  quantity  of  ore  in  sight; 
the  Red  Elephant  group  shows  vast  bodies  of  ore; 
the  Red  Cloud  has  from  $300,000  to  $500,000 
worth  of  ore  in  sight,  with  every  indication  of  an 
enormous  bonanza  in  depth;  the  Nay  Aug  mine  has 
a  good-sized  ore  body  in  sight;  the  same  can  be 
truthfully  said  of  the  Emery  and  War  Dance;  Mc- 
Farlane  &  Mahoney's  Abbey  is  evidently  a  mountain 
of  ore;  the  Triumph  Co.  are  anxiously  awaiting  the 
reopening  of  the  shipping  season  to  start  up  their 
concentrating  works;  the  news  from  the  Carrie 
Leonard,  King  of  the  West,  and  other  Smoky  prop- 
erties is  highly  encouraging;  and  the  Eikhorn, 
Vienna,  and  several  other  propert'es  are  evidently 
being  put  in  shape  to  make  a  good  record  next  sea- 
son. This  for  the  galena  belt  mines.  But  the  most 
encouraging  features  of  the  situation  are  found  on 
the  Gold  Belt.  This  important  region,  which  has 
heretofore  only  been  run  over  by  prospectors,  seems 
to  have  been  at  last  put  in  the  way  of  making  a 
showing.  The  Camas  No.  2  mill,  when  it  runs  at 
all,  yields  between  $200  and  $300  per  day,  of  which 
fully  $100  would  be  profit  if  a  sufficient  supply  of 
water  could  be  had.  The  Tip  Top  mill,  though 
started  up  at  the  wrong  time  in  the  year,  is  making 
a  creditable  showing;  and  the  Champlain  mill,  now 
that  the  stockholders  have  stopped  quarreling 
among  themselves,  will  be  started  up  as  soon  as  the 
weather  permits.  The  Gold  Belt  has  always,  and 
justly,  been  considered  the  backbone  of  this  region; 
and  if  it  can  once  be  started,  it  will  insure  a  pros- 
perous future  not  only  to  Hailey,  but  to  Ketchum, 
Bellevue,  and  this  whole  region. 

LOWER    CALIFORNIA. 

Gold  Dust  and  Bullion  —Lower  Calif omian, 
Feb.  12:  Alamo  has  at  last  begun  to  pick  up  in  a 
business  way,  judging  from  late  advices.  The 
weather  is  much  better  than  for  some  time.  It  will 
surprise  a  great  many  people  to  le'arn  that  in  the 
two  weeks  ending  on  the  loth  inst.,  there  were  $3000 
in  gold  dust  and  bullion  received  by  merchants  in 
Alamo  in  the  usual  course  of  business.  This  is  a 
fact  that  attests  the  richness  of  the  camp,  when  it  is 
remembered  that  rain  and  cold  weather  have  greatly 
hindered  work  in  every  direction.  Now  that  spring 
is  near,  it  is  confidently  expected  that  the  placer 
discoveries  of  last  year  will  be  duplicated,  not  only 
in  the  Alamo  district,  but  in  all  directions,  for  every 
prospector  knows  that  Alamo  is  but  one  of  many 
sections  which  are  rich  in  placers  and  ledges,  the 
discovery  of  which  is  liable  at  any  time  to  create  a 
great  excitement.  George  and  Charles  Miner  run 
1670  pounds  of  ore  from  their  Waldine  mine 
through    Lane's    mill,   on    the  3d,   which  yielded 


$205.04,  or  at  the  rate  of  nearly  $250  per  ton.  It  is 
the  best  millrun  ever  made  at  .-Mamo,  and  will  di- 
rect attention  to  the  Waldine.  I'he  mine  is  located 
between  the  EUinore  and  the  Iron  Mask,  and  orig- 
inally belonged  to  Capt.  Frazicr,  who  called  it  the 
Annie.  The  International  Co.'s  Grandota  mine  has 
turned  out  well — that  is,  it  h-is  turned  out  as  an  ar< 
tesian  well,  from  all  appearances.  The  shaft  is  full 
of  water,  and  although  attc;mpts  are  being  made  to 
pump  it  out,  the  shaft  remains  full,  and  consequent- 
ly no  development  is  being  made  on  the  mine.  The 
International  Co.'s  mill  resumed  work  on  the  1st. 
on  ore  from  the  Cccinero,  St.  David,  Telemaco  and 
Spider.  During  the  recent  slack  period  the  com- 
pany has  kept  a  force  of  swampers  at  work  getting 
out  ore.  Quite  a  number  of  Chinamen  are  now  at 
work  in  the  placer  diggings  between  Lane's  mill 
and  the  Princesa  mine.  Rich  silver  ore  has  been 
discovered  on  the  division  line  between  the  Aurora 
and  Princesa  mines,  at  a  depth  of  30  feel.  At  the 
upper  works  on  the  Aurora  the  men  are  down  45 
leet.  The  vein  is  i  J^  feet  wide  and  runs  permanent, 
the  grade  of  the  ore  being  from  $35  to  $40.  I'he 
lower  works  have  resumed  on  the  old  possession 
shaft,  and  are  under  contract  to  Tirso  Martinez, 
who.is  working  along  the  8-inch  vein  of  ore,  which 
is  full  of  galena  and  tree  gold.  Thirty  tons  of  this 
ore  is  now  ready  lo  run  through  Lane's  mill.  The 
Aurora  has  up  to  date  produced  178  ounces  of  gold. 
Malhewson  &  Vaughn,  the  contractors  at  work  on 
the  Americana,  are  down  40  feet  on  the  new  works. 
The  ore  on  the  dump  at  the  Americana  at  present  is 
from  the  40-foot  drift  and  will  average  $30  per  ton. 
Thirty-one  tons  of  ore  from  the  Encantada  contract 
are  at  Moore's  mill  ready  to  be  run  through.  Ten 
tons  of    ore    from    La    Flor  mine,   located  in  the 

French  camp  ten  miles  southeast  of  Alamo,  yielded 
$29  per  ton  in  one  of  the    mills  here    the  other  day. 

The  owners  had  to  pay  $ro  per  ton  for  hauling  the 
ore  to  mill.  The  shift  on  the  La  Flor  is  down  25 
feet. 

MONTANA. 

The  Mountain  Con.  —  Butte  Inter- Mountain, 
Feb.  11:  At  the  Mountain  Con.  the  company  are 
taking  precautions  for  the  future  safety  of  the  un- 
derground workings.  About  half  a  dozen  men  are 
loading  waste  into  cars  and  sending  it  down  into 
the  mine  to  fill  in  the  many  slopes  now  worked  out. 
About  175  men  are  employed  on  a  shift,  and  the 
company  daily  hoists  about  600  cars  of  ore.  This 
mine  is  under  the  personal  management  of  Joseph 
Laird. 

The  Wake  Up  Jim.- The  Green  Mountain  and 
Wake  Up  Jim,  under  the  foremanship  of  Harry 
Hurley,  former  foreman  of  the  Anaconda,  is  giving 
employment  to  about  75  miners  on  a  shift  at  each 
mine,  and  sending  lo  the  smelter  at  Anaconda  its 
Quota  of  ores. 

'  The  High  Ore  is  under  the  personal  supervision 
of  Patrick  Kane,  who  formerly  had  the  direction  of 
affairs  at  the  Anaconda,  and  he  is  bringing  this 
property  up  to  the  standing  and  capabilities  almost 
of  the  mammoth  St.  Lawrence,  over  which  he  so 
long  presided.  There  are  about  80  miners  on  a 
shift  and  they  hoist  on  the  day  shift  from  300  to  400 
and  on  the  night  shift  from  500  to  600  cars. 

At  the  Anaconda  everything  seems  lonesome 
and  deserted  in  comparison  with  its  former  life  of  ac- 
tivity, and  no  one  pursues  his  calling  there  except 
the  watchman.  The  engines  are  covered  with  a  coat 
of  white  lead  to  insure  them  from  rusting.  One 
thing  very  noticeable  about  the  works  is  the  strong 
smell  of  smoke  and  gas  emanating  from  the  shaft. 
A  hole  is  cut  in  the  bulkhead  of  the  Anaconda  shaft 
so  as  to  determine  the  amount  of  water  by  a  rope 
connected  with  a  weight  attached  lo  it.  But  the 
exact  amount  in  the  mine  could  not  be  learned,  as 
that  is  kept  profoundly  secret  by  the  company  and 
its  employes. 

At  the  St.  Lawrence.— Back  of  the  hoisting 
works  are  perceived  some  large  cracks  about  where 
the  old  cave  occurred  some  time  since.  They  are 
open  from  two  to  three  inches  and  one  could  easily 
drop  a  wedge  into  them  running  for  from  100  to  200 
feet,  and  the  cracks  are  many  in  number.  Some 
claim  that  it  is  the  effects  of  the  extreme  cold  weath- 
er cracking  the  ground,  but  as  they  are  directly  over 
that  great  bulk  of  limber  where  the  fire  was  raging, 
it  seems  to  lead  one  to  infer  that  it  is  effected  by  that 
cause.  The  engine  is  much  out  of  place  and  before 
the  fire  it  was  the  intention  of  the  company  to  replace 
it,  but  from  the  present  state  of  affairs  it  will  be  al 
most  a  necessity  to  reset  the  bed  before  any  more 
hoisting  of  importance  can  be  performed. 

Notes.— The  Mountain  Con.,  as  well  as  the  oth- 
er mines  of  the  Chambers  syndicate,  gave  the  boys  a 
breathing  spell  yesterday  and  last  evening.  It  is 
stated  it  is  owing  to  the  smelter  being  out  of  order 
at  Anaconda.  The  mines,  when  in  operation,  seem 
to  be  more  than  a  inatch  for  the  smelter.  The  ore- 
bins  are  all  full  to  overflowing.  The  Major  Budd, 
which  has  for  a  few  days  past  been  in  a  state  of  sus- 
pension, is  about  to  resume  operations. 

NEW  MEXICO. 

PiNOS  Altos,— Silver  City  Rnlerprisc,  Feb.  14: 
It  is  said  that  every  mine  at  Pinos  Altos,  now  work- 
ing, which  includes  all  the  prominent  ones  except 
the  Pacific,  is  paying  expenses  and  something  be- 
sides. There  are  not  so  many  men  working  in  the 
camp  now  as  there  have  been  during  the  boom, 
but  more  real  mining  is  being  done  and  in  a  manner 
much  more  satisfactory  to  those  interested.  There 
cm  no  longer  be  a  question  as  to  the  future  of  the 
camp.     It  has  passed  through  its  experimental  st^ige. 

Black  Hawk.— Malcolm  McGregor  &  Co.  have 
got  the  water  out  of  the  shaft  on  the  Good  Hope 
mine  and  found  a  three-inch  streak  of  very  rich  ore 
in  the  bottom.  They  are  much  encouraged  and  will 
sink  the  shaft  as  rapidly  as  possible,  preparatory  to 
driving  a  level  for  the  development  of  the  ore  body. 
On  the  Red  Cloud  mine  across  the  gulch  on  the 
same  vein  the  lessees  are  taking  out  ore  of  the  same 
high  grade,  Uncle  Ben  Hobson  has  a  fine  showing 
for  a  big  mine  on  the  northeast  extension  of  the  Red 
Cloud.  At  a  depth  of  40  feet,  below  the  tunnel 
level,  there  is  a  pay  streak  of  20  inches  of  ore  rang- 
ing in  value  from  100  to  700  ounces  in  silver, 
while  he  is  cording  up  large  quantities  of  20  to  60- 
ounce,  third-class.  Charley  Caldwell  has  a  lease  at 
the  face  of  the  tunnel  and  is  sinking  a  winze  on  the 
vein  with  encouraging  prospects  of  striking  pay  ore. 
Miller  and  Dodd,  because  of  sickness  in  their  fam- 
ilies, have  not  been  rushing  work  on  their  Alhambra 
mine  for  the  past  month,  but  John   Dodd,  who  is 


leasing  on  a  portion  of  the  mine,  is  extracting  a  large 
quantity  of  the  rich  ore  which  has  made  the  .\lham- 
bra  f.imous.  D.  P.  Carr  has  secured  from  Miller 
and  Dodd  a  lease  for  one  year  on  the  first  sco  feet 
south  of  the  main  shaft  on  the  .Alhambra  mine.  A 
tnr>nel  has  been  driven  in  70  feet,  and  Mr.  Carr  will 
drive  it  to  connect  with  the  second  level  which  ex- 
tends 60  feet  south  of  the  main  shaft.  Those  famil- 
iar with  ll>e  mine  are  of  the  opmion  ihat  Mr.  Carr 
has  secured  a  valuable  lease.  He  will  go  loworkoD 
it  at  once.  The  leasing  system  cannot  fail  10  prove 
a  success  in  Black  Hawk  and  a  revival  of  the  mining 
industry  in  that  camp  may  be  expected  at  ah  early 
date. 

A  Silver  MtLL  for  Kin'gston.— .yZ/^r//,  Feb. 
8:  Chandler  &  Daily  will  remove  their  mill 
from  Cold  Springs,  near  Hlllsboro.  To  the  present 
machinery  will  be  added  settlers,  pans,  and  all  the 
improved  machinery  used  in  the  successful  treat- 
ment of  silvrr  ores.  If  the  plant  now  being  erected 
treats  the  Kingston  ores  with  any  degree  of  success 
it  will  determine  most  favorably  the  luture  of  King- 
ston. 

Silver  Mining  Comi'ANY.— This  mine  remains 
as  in  the  past  the  greatest  silver  mine  in  New 
Mexico.  It  is  the  best  equipped  mine  in  the  South- 
west, and  under  the  management  of  Waller  C. 
Hadley  is  paying  all  the  time.  Up  to  date  the  mine 
has  produced  $9,000,000  of  silver  bullion.  At  the 
present  time  it  is  producing  2000  ounces  of  silver 
per  day  without  crowding.  It  has  abundant  ore  re- 
serves, and  the  production  will  probably  not  .vary 
during  -the  year.  All  the  machinery  on  the  mine  is 
now  run  by  compressed  air.  At  the  present  time 
115  men  are  at  work  on  the  mines  and  in  the  mills. 
Peter  Kinney,  of  the  Log  Cabin  mine,  visited 
Kingston  during  the  week,  and  reports  prospects 
bright.  He  and  his  partners  shipped  another 
car  of  high-grade  ore  last  Wednesday.  The  mines 
on  Trujillo  creek  are  again  looking  up.  We  under- 
stand that  an  important  sale  will  be  made  in  that 
section  soon.  The  Bonanza-Good  Hope  Mining 
Company  has  completed  arrangements,  and  will 
build  a  substantial  gold  mill  near  Hillsboro,  for  the 
treatment  of  their  ores. 

A  Sale. — Southwest  Sentinel,  Feb.  4:  John  M. 
Wright,  representing  R.  F.  McComas  and  others  of 
Nebraska  City,  has  purchased  the  Last  Chance 
mine,  on  Silver  creek,  and  paid  therefor  $25,000 
in  cash.  This  mine  is  an  extension  of  the  Confi- 
dence, recently  purchased  by  Denver  parties,  and  is 
considered  a  valuable  property.  Last  Saturday  Mr. 
Wright  let  a  contract  for  the  running  of  a  loo-foot 
working  tunnel  on  the  property.  He  says  the  ore 
body  is  an  extensive  one,  and  lies  very  advantage- 
ously for  rapid  and  cheap  mining,  thousands  of  tons 
being  in  sight.  ''  We'll  have  a  large  stamp-mill  on 
the  property  as  soon  as  possible,"  said  Mr.  Wright. 
Referring  to  the  Silver  Creek  district  in  general,  he 
said  it  was  a  very  promising  section,  but  was  sorely 
in  need  of  a  good  wagon-road 

OREGON. 

The  Mining  Outlook.— Bedrock  Democrat, 
Feb.  10:  The  raining  outlook  for  Baker  county  was 
never  brighter.  With  the  opening  of  spring,  great 
activity  will  be  manifest  in  every  district  of  this  sec- 
tion. The  snow  in  the  mountains  which  is  piled 
up  many  feet  deep,  will  afford  an  abundance  of  wa- 
ter for  the  working  of  the  hundreds  of  rich  placers, 
which  for  the  past  two  seasons  have  remained  idle, 
owing  to  the  scarcity  of  that  all-important  factor — 
water.  It  is  true  that  a  large  number  of  our  placer 
mines  are  supplied  with  water  by  ditches  and  that 
the  output  of  gold  from  them  last  year  was  "great, 
but  with  the  assurance  of  an  abundance  of  water, 
supplied  by  the  deep  snows  in  the  mountains,  the 
season  will  be  prolonged  and  the  output  from  these 
places  will  doubtless  be  manifold.  From  the  differ- 
ent mining  camps  which  are  tributary  to  Baker  City 
come  reports  that  the  outlook  is  most  promising. 
Besides  the  output  from  the  placers  there  is  every  as- 
surance that  rich  quartz  mines  in  Baker  county  will 
continue  to  prove  that  the  undoubted  faith  of  the 
owners  was  not  misplaced  when  they  expended  thou- 
sands of  dollars  in  development  and  placing  exten- 
sive plants  thereon  for  the  reduction  of  the  ore.  Ear- 
ly in  the  spring  the  stamps  of  the  numerous  mills 
erected  la'^t  year  will  commence  falling  and  will  en- 
liven the  whole  county.  A  large  number  of  new 
plants  will  be  erected  in  the  different  sections  the 
coming  summer,  and  the  prospect  for  a  prosperous 
year  is  encouraging  to  the  most  sanguine.  When 
the  mineral  wealth  of  Baker  county  is  made  known 
to  the  worW,  Baker  City  will  become  one  of  the 
greatest  mining  centers  of  the  country.  It  is  plainly 
evident,  and  it  will  only  take  time  to  prove  the  as- 
sertion, that  the  day  is  not  far  distant  vvhen^capital- 
ists  will  see  one  of  the  greatest  fields  ever  presented 
for  the  establishment  of  large  reduction  and  smelt- 
ing works.  That  it  would  prove  a  profitable  in- 
vestment from  the  start,  cannot  be  doubted.  It 
would  afford  the  mine-owners,  who  for  lack  of 
means  are  unable  to  put  machinery  on  their  proper- 
ties, an  opportunity  for  working  their  ores  and 
thereby  greatly  increase  the  output  of  the  mines  of 
this  section. 

UTAH. 

Eureka.— Cor.  Salt  Lake  Advertiser,  Feb.  14; 
The  Eagle  mine  is  looking  well  and  promises  to 
rival  any  of  the  big  mines  in  time.  Chief  Gardner 
has  the  pipe  laid  from  the  Beecher  millsite  and  every- 
thing is  in  readiness  that  could  be  done  during  the 
bad  weather.  The  hoisting  engine  will  be  placed 
as  soon  as  practicable,  and  when  started  will  keep  a 
steady  stream  of  ore  pouring  from  the  reserves  that 
have  been  uncovered  this  past  winter.  Captain  De 
Prizen  is  at  work  on  the  Solid  Muldoon,  and  like 
everything  he  touches,  is  making  a  mine  of  it.  It 
is  very  strange  that  more  work  is  not  being  done 
here  where  energy  and  pluck  have  invariably  been  re- 
warded. Burns  &  Nelson  are  at  work  on  the 
Equator,  and  expect  to  strike  a  bonanza  before  they 
reach  the  lOo-foot  level.  The  shaft  is  showing  up 
some  good  quartz  and  metal.  Dick  Tone  is  un- 
covering a  strong  vein  in  the  Retribution.*  John  R. 
Davis  has  quit  the  S.^cramento  and  is  going  to  work 
on  the  Mammoth  side  for  a  grub  stake.  This  is  a 
very  promising  prospect  and  needs  but  depth  to 
show  up  lots  of  pay  ore.  Tintic  during  the  week 
ending  February  3d,  shipped  1850  tons  of  high-grade 
ore.  How  is  that  for  high?  And  yet  there  is  but 
little  mining  being  done.  The  companies  are  crying 
aloud  for  more  cars,  and  when  spring  opens  will  in- 
crease the  output. 


132 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Feb.  22,  1890 


IQeghajmigal  Progress. 


Electric  Welding. 

Electrio  welding  appears  to  be  making  rapid 
Btrides  everywhere.  The  procees  is  the  inven- 
tion of  Elihn  ThomeoD  and  was  first  pnblicly 
exhibited  by  him  in  New  York  only  three  years 
ago.  Since  that  time  its  progress  has  been 
really  wonderful,  and  it  has  become  very  prom- 
inent among  the  rapidly-growing  applications 
of  electricity.  It  was  one  of  the  moat  impor- 
tant featares  in  the  electrical  department  at 
the  late  Paris  Exhibition.  It  is  now  being  in- 
trodnced  in  England.  A  late  number  of  Lon- 
don Iron  says: 

**  Now,  at  length  we  have  it  in  onr  midst,  a 
practical  installation  having  been  laid  down  in 
Fanahaw  street,  Hoxton,  London,  where  we  re- 
cently inspected  the  satiafactory  working  of 
the  system.  The  principle  involved  in  Prof. 
Thomaon'a  invention  la  that  of  cansing  currents 
of  electricity  to  pass  through  the  abntting  ends 
of  the  pieces  of  metal  which  are  to  be  welded, 
thereby  generating  heat  at  the  point  of  con- 
tact, which  also  becomes  the  point  of  greatest 
resistance.  At  the  moment  of  heating,  me- 
chanical pressare  is  applied  to  force  the  parts 
together.  As  the  electric  current  heats  the 
two  pieces  of  metal  to  the  welding  temperature, 
the  pressure  follows  up  the  softening  surface 
until  a  complete  union  or  weld  is  effected, 
and,  aa  the  heat  ta  Brst  developed  in  the  in- 
terior of  the  parts  to  be  welded,  the  interior  of 
the  joint  is  as  etHciently  united  aa  the  viaible 
exterior.  With  auch  a  method  and  apparatus, 
it  ia  found  possible  to  accomplish  the  welding 
not  only  of  the  common  kinda  of  iron  and  ateel, 
but  of  metals  which  have  hitherto  resisted  at- 
tempts at  welding,  and  have  had  to  be  brazed 
or  soldered. 

'*  The  weld  commences  at  the  center  of  the 
abutting  plecea,  and  approaches  radially  toward 
the  exterior.  The  apparatus  is  simple,  and  ia 
in  complete  control  of  the  operator,  ,who  brings 
the  current  on  and  releases  it  at  will,  and  regu- 
lates the  pressure  brought  on  the  impinging 
parts  of  the  article  to  be  welded.  The  time  oc- 
cupied in  making  a  weld  varies  from  a  few  sec- 
onds to  a  few  minutes,  according  to  the  sec- 
tional area  of  the  parts  to  be  united.  The  cost 
is  said  to  be  but  small  in  the  case  of  plant  laid 
down  for  constant  use.  Of  course,  if  used  only 
occasionally,  the  cost  will  rapidly  rise,  but  this 
is  not  the  intended  application  of  the  process. 
It  is  specially  fitted  for  use  where  the  operation 
of  welding  is  being  conatantly  performed,  and 
in  this  respect  it  is  adapted  practically  for 
every  class  of  welding  or  heating.  Pieces  of 
auch  metals  and  alloys  as  steel,  wrought  iron, 
silver,  copper,  brass,  lead,  tin,  zinc,  brODze, 
German  stiver,  platinum,  gold  and  even  catt 
17*071,  are  not  only  welded  to  each  other,  but 
different  metals  can  be  welded  one  to  another 
in  many  combinations,  extending  the  applica- 
tions of  the  process  to  the  attainment  of  results 
hitherto  impossible  in  metal  working.  The 
tensile  strength  of  the  welds,  as  shown  by  me- 
chanical tests,  is  equal  to  the  very  best  welding 
by  the  ordinary  system;  in  fact,  it  ia  superior 
to  it,  inasmuch  as  the  risk  of  dirt  and  burning 
is  avoided." 

We  may  add  that  in  small  and  delicate  work 
the  current  la  cut  o£f,  automatically,  the  in- 
stant the  weld  is  completed.  The  welding  cur- 
rent is  of  extremely  low  pressure,  so  much  so 
that  it  is  claimed  there  is  absolutely  no  danger 
from  it,  and  the  michinery  may  be  freely 
handled  with  impunity.  The  process  will  soon 
be  very  generally  introduced  throughout  En- 
gland and  Scotland,  and  on  the  continent  as 
well. 

The  United  States  Navy  Department  will  no 
doubt  eoon  introduce  it  into  the  various  navy 
yards.  The  department  has  just  issued  an 
order  directing  a  board  of  officers  to  visit  Bos- 
ton to  examine  into  the  working  of  the  system, 
and  to  report  upon  the  adaptability  of  the  proc- 
ess for  welding  boiler  flues,  etc.,  for  use  on  the 
men-of-war.  Chains  used  on  naval  vessels  are 
all  made  at  the  Boston  navy  yard,  and  it  ia 
thought  that  the  new  machine  will  find  employ- 
ment at  that  station,  as  the  welding  can  be 
done  much  stronger  by  that  means  than  by 
methods  heretofore  in  use.  The  wire  used  for 
wrapping  the  experimental"  wire-wound  guns" 
can  be  much  more  effectually  joined  by  elec- 
trical welding  than  by  any  system  of  soldering 
so  far  tried. 


Wear  of  Tires, — Experiments  which  have 
been  made  recently  on  the  Austrian  State  rail- 
roads with  wheel-tires  of  Krupp's  crucible  cast 
steel  and  Martin  steel,  have  yielded  interest- 
ing results.  For  the  purpose  of  the  trials, 
three  wheels  on  one  aide  of  a  locomotive  were 
furnished  with  tires  of  one  kind  of  steel, 
and  those  on  the  other  side  with  tires 
of  the  second  kind.  The  profiles,  to 
start  with,  were,  of  course,  exactly  alike. 
After  two  years'  running,  mfasurements 
of  the  profiles  showed  that  the  Krupp  steel 
tires  had  worn  down,  on  an  average,  ten  milli- 
meters (about  0.4  inch),  while  the  Martin  steel 
tires  had  worn  down  14  millimeters  (about 
0  56  inch),  Including  the  weight  of  metal  re- 
moved in  again  turning  down  the  tires  to  the 
normal  profile,  the  weight  lost,  due  to  wear, 
was  40.4  kilograms  (3S  SS  pounds)  in  the  casA 
of  Krupp  tires,  and  56  4  kilograms  (124,08 
ponnda]  in  the  case  of  those  of  Martin  steel. 

A  Marine  Engine  with  Eight  Cylinders, 
It  18  Bftid  that  the  well-known  firm  of  Anaaldo- 


Bombioi,  in  Sampterdarena,  have  recently  com- 
pleted the  colossal  engines  and  boilers  intended 
for  the  Italian  ironclad  Sicilia.  The  engine  is 
constrncted  to  work  up  to  19.500-horse  power, 
and  it  is  the  mo^  powerful  engine  constructed 
in  Italy.  It  is  constructed  on  the  compound 
principle,  with  eight  cylinders  and  four  surface 
condensers.  It  drives  two  four-armed  screws, 
which  have  a  diameter  of  eix  meters.  The 
weight  of  the  bolters  ia  500  tons,  ^^y'^  the  total 
weight  of  the  engine  and  boilers  is  1740  tons. 

Flexible  Pitman. 

A  decided  novelty  has  been  brought  out  and 
developed  in  successful  operation,  and  is  now 
being  manufactured  by  the  Van  Allen  Auto- 
matic Pitman  Mfg.  Co.  of  Rochester,  N.  Y., 
by  whom  the  patent  is  owned  and  controlled. 
The  purpose  of  the  invention  is  to  supply  a 
pitman  which  shall  overcome  the  well-known 
trouble  of  dead  centers,  which  has  long  been  a 
perplexing  problem.  The  trouble  ordinarily 
encountered  with  the  dead  center  is  in  starting 
up,  requiring  the  operator  to  turn  the  balance 
wheel  as  an  initial  movement.  The  new  pit- 
man prevents  not  only  stopping  on  a  center, 
but  it  is  also  arranged  so  that  a  backward  or 
contrary  revolution  is  impossible,  hence  avoid- 
ing the  disastrous  results  liable  from  such 
event.  The  device  ia  exceedingly  simple  and 
ia  designed  to  supplant  the  old  treadle  without 
necessity  of  alteration  of  the  machine,  and  thia 
adaptability  is  a  very  valuable  feature.  The 
new  pitman  is  something  like  the  old,  with 
about  half  of  the  central  portion. cut  out,  leav- 
ing the  crank  end  and  the  treadle  end  project- 
ing toward  each  other.  The  space  between  is 
occupied  by  a  flat  recurved  spring,  whose  ends 
are  respectively  clamped  to  the  crank  end  of 
the  pitman  and  the  treadle  end.  This  forms  a 
spring  treadle  elastic  in  the  direction  of  revolu- 
tion. The  pitman  stub  attached  to  the  treadle 
is  arranged  to  be  Inclined  back  and  stayed 
rigidly,  which  brings  the  spring  portion  to  a 
stress  that  will  prevent  the  crank  from  settling 
on  a  dead  center  when  stopping.  Thia  stress 
or  tension  can  be  adjusted  to  any  desired  de- 
gree. On  the  wrist  or  crank  pin  is  an  attach- 
ment embodying  a  small  ratchet  wheel  and 
pawl,  so  arranged  that  the  pawl  engages  the 
ratchet  should  the  operator  start  the  motion  the 
wrong  direction,  and  this  wiU  prevent  breakage 
of  the  thread  or  needles.  An  immense  field  is 
open  for  the  introduction  of  these  improve- 
ments and  large  profit  is  assured. 


Edison  as  a  Thinker. — We  are  so  accas- 
tomed  to  look  upon  Mr.  Edison  as  one  whose 
mind  is  constantly  engrossed  in  some  specific 
work  that  it  is  refreshing  to  be  allowed  a 
glimpse  of  his  more  spiritual  nature,  as  brought 
out  by  Geo.  P.  Lithrop's  "  Talks  wifh  E Jieon  " 
in  the  February  Harpers  Magazine.  Aa  a 
thinker,  Mr.  Edison  is  no  doubt  truthfully 
pictured  as  one  who  can  instantly  transfer  the 
full  power  of  his  creative  mind  from  one  sub- 
ject to  another  without  losing  anything  by  the 
sudden  change;  and  can,  indeed,  almost  follow 
out  simultaneously  the  threads  of  thought  on 
a  number  of  subjects,  Mr.  Edison  makes  a 
sharp  distinction  between  discovery  and  inven- 
tion, we  are  told,  and  it  is  aa  an  inventor  that 
he  prefers  to  be  known;  that  is,  as  one  who  sets 
abont  deliberately  to  accomplish  a  certain  ob- 
ject, as  distinguished  from  one  who  discovers, 
perhaps  by  accident,  what  has  long  been  sooght 
for.  Very  few  of  his  inventions,  says  Mr.  Edi- 
son, and  those  of  the  least  importance,  were 
the  result  of  accident,  and  most  of  them  were 
hammered  out  after  long  and  patient  labor,  and 
no  doubt  often  stimulated  by  the  encroach- 
ment of  rivals.  The  perfected  incandescent 
lamp,  which  Mr.  Edison  considers  his  moat  im- 
portant invention,  has  been  the  result  entirely 
of  deductive  reasoning,  in  connection  with 
which  he  has  set  up  no  less  than  3000  theories 
to  explain  the  phenomena  observed.  But  in 
only  two  cases  have  experiments  proved  the 
truth  of  the  theories  assumed.  Our  readers 
may  also  be  Interested  to  know  that  Mr.  Edi- 
son is  a  believer  in  an  intelligent  Creator, — 
Electrical  World, 


A  Steel  Polish  on  Iron. — Pulverize  and 
dissolve  the  following  articles  in  1  quart  hot 
water  :  Blue  vitriol,  1  ounce;  borax,  1  ounce; 
prussiate  of  potash,  1  ounce;  charcoal,  1  ounce; 
salt,  I  pint;  then  add  1  gallon  linseed  oil,  mix 
well,  oring  your  iron  and  steel  to  the  proper 
heat,  and  cool  in  the  solution.  It  is  said  the 
manufacturers  of  the  Judson  governor  paid  $100 
for  this  recipe,  the  object  being  to  caae- 
harden  iron  so  that  it  would  take  a  bright 
polish  like  steel, 

A  Machine  Chisel.  —  While  strolling 
through  the  Paris  Exhibition,  Mr.  Edison  acci- 
dentally bit  upon  a  tool  that  he  calculates  will 
save  him  something  like  S6000  a  year.  It  Is  a 
chisel  worked  by  hydraulic  pressure,  and  will 
enable  him  to  reduce  his  labor  by  18  hands,  j 

German  makers  assert  that  their  steel  en- 
graving tools  possess  the  hardness  of  a  diamond. 
The  method  employed  is  said  to  be  to  heat  the 
tools  to  a  white  heat,  plunge  repeatedly  into 
sealing-wax  until  cold,  and  then  just  touch 
with  oil  of  turpentine. 


Don't  use  emery  to  grind  in  brass  cocks;  it 
imbeds  itself  into  the  soft  brass,  and  keeps  on 
grinding  itself  out  of  true  after  the  cock  is  put 
in  use.  Use  grindstone  grit;  thia  cuts  brass 
well,  and  will  wash  off  by  using  water. 


2eiENTiFie  Ffiocbress. 


Researches  in  Magnetism. 

A  paper  was  recently  read  at  the  Royal 
Society,  London,  being  Part  III  of  an  extensive 
research  which  ia  in  progress  by  Mr.  Thomas 
Andrews,  F.  R  S.,  Sheffield,  on  "Electro- 
chemical Effects  on  Magnetizing  Iron."     Parts 

I  and  II  of  this  work,  published  in  the  Pro 
ceedings  of  the  Royal  Society,  contain  the  re< 
suits  of  a  study  of  the  electro-chemical  effacts 
observed  between  a  magnetized  and  an  unmag 
nettzed  bar  of  iron  or  steel  when  in  circuit 
in  certain  electrolytes,  and  the  effact  was  found 
to  vary  with  the  nature  of  the  metal  and  solu- 
tion employed,  and  also  with  the  extent  of  the 
magnetization  of  the  metal.  The  average  re- 
sult of  many  repeated  experiments  showed  that 
a  magnetized  bar  became  electro-positive  to  an 
nnmagnetized  one. 

Experiments  were  also  made  showing  that 
local  currents  were  developed  in  a  magnetized 
bar  between  the  more  highly  and  less  mag- 
netized parts  thereof,  when  the  iron  or  steel 
rod  was  immersed  in  suitable  solutions  acting 
chemically  upon  it.  Interesting  experiments 
have  also  been  made  in  connection  with  the  in- 
fiuence  of  magnetization  on  the  action  of  nitric 
acid  on  iron  and  steel.  The  general  conclusion 
arrived  at  from  the  experiments  in  Parts  I  and 

II  was -that,  under  the  conditions  recorded,  a 
magnetizBd  bar  was  electro-positive  to  an  nn- 
magnetized one  when  the  two  were  immersed  in 
certain  solutions,  and  that  the  extent  of  the  re- 
sult was  in  some  degree  dependent  both  on  the 
nature  and  strength  of  the  solution,  and  alao 
on  the  extent  of  the  magnetization  of  the 
metal. 

Part  III  contains  the  reanlts  of  a  further 
series  of  original  and  interesting  experiments 
on  obscure  magnetic  phenomena.  Indications 
were  afforded  of  the  extent  of  the  current  flow- 
ing between  the  polar  terminals  of  ateel  mag- 
nets under  certain  conditions.  Mr,  Andrews 
investigated  the  influence  of  the  earth's  mag- 
netism on  these  reactions,  and  above  a  year  has 
been  devoted  to  tne  study  of  this  part  of  the 
subject.  In  connection  with  the  research,  the 
influence  of  magnetization  on  the  chemical 
action  of  certain  solutions  on  iron  and  steel  has 
b°en  carefully  studied  in  ita  variona  aspecta. 
Mr,  Andrews'  previous  researches  on  the  cor- 
rosion of  metals  during  long  exposure  in  sea- 
water  have  shown  that  steel  corrodes  more 
rapidly  in  sea-water  than  wrought  iron,  a  con- 
clusion whioh  practical  experience  confirms.  It 
was  also  made  evident  that  magnetization  ex- 
erts an  influence  tending  to  increase  the  cor- 
rosibility  of  steel,  which  metal,  aa  is  well 
known,  after  once  having  been  magnetized,  re- 
tains more  or  less  permanent  magnetism. 

The  use  of  wrought  iron  many  years  ago  for 
shipbuilding  introduced  appreciable  causes  of 
deviation  in  the  ship's  compass,  and  observa- 
tions have  been  undertaken  by  naval  authori- 
ties with  a  view  to  obtaining  **a  clear  noder- 
standing  of  the  cause  of  magnetism  of  iron 
ships,  and  the  changes  to  which  such  magnet- 
ism is  liable  when  the  veasel's  position  is 
altered  geographically  or  in  respect  to  the 
magnetic  meridian."  Inasmuch  as  the  power  of 
magnetic  retention  in  steel  far  surpaeaes  that 
of  iron,  it  folUws  that  steel  vessels  may  grad- 
ually become  permanently  magnetic  from  the 
influence  of  the  earth's  magnetism  when  pur- 
suing their  voyages  in  certain  directions.  Mag- 
netic influence  tends  to  increase  the  corrosion 
of  steel,  and  we  may  possibly  herein  find  an 
additional  cause  of  the  greater  corrosibility  of 
eteel  vessels,  compared  with  iron  ones,  when 
long  exposed  to  the  action  of  sea-water. 


Iron  Ships  and  Lightning. — The  Electrical 
Revieto  points  out  that,  although  the  modern 
man-of-war  is  not  the  thing  of  beauty  which 
was  presented  by  its  prototype,  it  has  one  ad- 
vantage at  least  not  possessed  by  '*  the  wooden 

alls  of  old  England."  This  advantage  is 
found  in  the  very  few  oecaeions  which  are  re- 
corded upon  which  the  iron-clad  ships  have 
been  struck  by  lightning.  It  cannot  be  said 
that  the  modern  vessels  are  actually  exempt 
from  injury  by  lightning,  but  they  are  so  far 
protected  by  their  construction,  and  the  ma- 
terials used  in  that  construction,  that  when 
struck  the  results  are  trivial,  and  have  often,  in 
fact,  been  ascribed  to  the  mischievous  action  of 
some  one  on  board  the  vessel.  Iq  the  old  days 
it  was  very  different;  daring  a  period  of  50 
years  200  ships  of  our  navy  were  struck  by 
lightning,  and  in  one  case  five  veaaela  were 
struck  during  a  aiogle  night,  the  number  of 
fatalities  resulting  therefrom  being  consid- 
erable. 

Philosophy  or  the  Effect  of  Oil  on 
Waves. — In  an  article  on  this  subject  which 
appears  in  Nature^  the  writer  states  that  the 
true  part  played  by  this  oleaginous  film  in  di- 
minishing the  disturbance  of  the  i^ea  seems  to 
be  that  of  a  lubricant.  Waves  are  formed  by 
the  friction  of  wind  and  water.  Any  force, 
therefore,  that  tends  to  lessen  the  friction  re- 
duces the  violence  of  the  waves.  This  anti- 
frictional  force  of  oil  can  hardly  be  overesti- 
mated. The  Atlantic  waves  have  been  calcu- 
lated to  exert  an  average  pressure  during  the 
winter  months  of  20S6  lbs,  per  equare  foot, 
Durine  a  heavy  gale  this  pressure  ia  increased 
to  6983  lbs.;  yet  the  thin  oil  blanket  is  suffi- 
cient, when  applied  under  certain  conditions, 
to  enable  a  vessel  to  navigate  through  them  in 
perfect    safety,    their    oiled    summits   raising 


themselves  in  sullen  grandeur,  but  never  break- 
ing aboard.  What  the  exact  coefficient  of 
friction  between  air  in  motion  and  water  is, 
and  the  proportion  of  its  reduction  by  oil  or 
other  lubricants,  are  Questions  that  open  up  a 
moat  interesting  eabjeot  of  inquiry,  the  aolu- 
tion  of  which  will  prove  beneficial  to  the  whole 
nautical  and  mercantile  world.  The  use  of  oil 
for  the  safety  of  vessels  in  stormy  weather, 
which  was  for  years  ignored  by  scientista  and 
very  generally  by  sea  caotains,  is  now  becom- 
ing quite  general.  A  Norwegian  engineer  di- 
rects attention  to  the  important  point  of  select- 
ing the  most  suitable  oil.  **A  fat,  heavy 
animal  oil,  such  as  train  oil,  whale  oil,  etc.," 
he  says,  "  is  decidedly  the  best;  but  aa  these 
oils  in  cold  weather  become  thick  and  partly 
lose  their  ability  to  spread,  it  is  advisable  to 
add  a  thinner  mineral  oil.  Vegetable  oils  have 
also  proved  serviceable.  Mineral  oiU,  espe- 
cially refined  ones,  are  the  least  effective. 
Crude  petroleum  can  be  used  in  case  of  need, 
but  refined  petroleum  is  hardly  any  good  at  all." 

Some  Experiences  with  Zinc.  —  Zinc  is 
often  used  in  boilers  and  hot-water  tanks  to 
prevent  the  corrosive  action  of  the  water  on  the 
metal  of  which  the  tank  or  boiler  is  composed. 
The  action  appears  to  be  an  electrical  one,  the 
iron  being  one  pole  of  the  battery  and  the  zinc 
being  the  other.  Under  the  action  of  the  cur- 
rent of  electricity  so  produced,  the  water  in 
the  tank  is  slowly  decomposed  into  its  ele- 
ments, oxygen  and  hydrogen.  The  hydrogen 
is  deposited  on  the  iron  shell,  where  it  re- 
mains. It  will  not  unite  with  iron  to  form  a 
new  compound,  but  if  any  iron  mat  (known  to 
the  chemists  as  oxide  of  iron)  is  present,  it  will 
remove  the  oxygen  from  this  and  deposit  the 
metallic  iron  on  the  plates.  The  oxygen  of  the 
water  that  is  decomposed,  instead  of  going  to 
the  iron,  goes  to  the  zinc  and  forms  oxide  of 
zinc,  and  in  the  course  of  time  the  zinc  will  be 
found  to  be  almost  entirely  converted  into 
oxide,  only  a  small  fraction  of  the  original 
metal  being  left. 


Insects  in  Drugs. — At  a  recent  meeting  of 
the  Coemists'  Assistants'  Aasociation,  Mr.  C,  J, 
Strother  showed  a  number  of  drugs  infected 
with  animal  life,  and  remarked  that  the  first, 
a  fair-looking'  sample  of  crushed  linseed,  sup- 
plied about  three  weeks  before  by  a  large 
wholesale  firm  and  kept  in  a  wooden  cask  with 
a  cover  of  wood,  was  seen  under  a  lens  to  be 
literally  alive.  The  next  was  aconite  root,  of 
which  the  paraaite  was  quite  different,  Nux 
vomica  and  c<intharides  were  the  remaining 
specimens.  With  the  last  named  it  Ip  usual  to 
put  camphor,  though  with  doubtful  effjot;  but 
it  is  possible  that  washing  hard  substances  in  a 
solution  of  salicylic  acid,  and  quickly  drying 
them,  might  protect  them.  Thd  question  nat- 
urally arises.  What  would  be  the  effect  of  a 
poultice  containing  thousands  of  insects  ap- 
plied to  an  open  wound,  especially  if  the  pcThl- 
tice  be  made  with  hot  instead  of  boiling  wa- 
ter t—Pharm.  Journal. 


Psychical  Research. — The  American  Soci- 
ety for  Psychical  Research,  after  existing  for 
five  yeara,  with  ita  headquarters  at  Boston, 
and  publishing  some  600  pages  of  "Proceed- 
ings," at  last,  for  pecuniary  reasons,  terminated 
its  corporate  existence  on  Jan.  14.  The  En- 
glish society  of  the  same  name  is  heir  to  its 
documentary  possessions,  and  is  to  keep  Dr. 
Richard  Hodgson,  late  secretary  of  the  Ameri* 
can  society,  as  its  own  secretary  in  America. 
A  majority  of  the  associates  of  the  American 
society  have  joined  the  Eogliah  society,  form- 
ing the  nucleus  of  an  American  branch.  Profs. 
S.  P.  Langley  of  Washington  and  W,  James  of 
Cambridge,  vice-presidents  of  the  English  so- 
ciety, form  an  advisory  board  in  America,  but 
apart  from  their  advisory  functions  there  is  no 
"organization"  here,  a  circumstance  which 
will  doubtless  contribute  to  economy  and  effi- 
ciency of  work. 

A  New  Cement.  —  Prof.  Alex.  Winchell 
claims  to  have  a  cement  that  will  stick  on  any- 
thing. The  recipe  is  as  follows:  Take  2  ounces 
of  clear  gum  arable,  \h  ounces  of  fine  starch, 
and  half  an  ounce  of  white  sugar.  Pulverize 
the  gum  arable  and  dissolve  it  in  as  much  water 
as  the  laundress  would  use  for  the  quantity  of 
starch  indicated.  Dissolve  the  search  and 
sugar  in  the  gum  solution.  Then  cook  the 
mixture  in  a  vessel  suspended  in  boiling  water, 
until  the  starch  becomes  clear.  The  cement 
should  be  aa  thick  aa  tar,  and  kept  so.  It  can 
be  kept  from  spoiling  by  dropping  in  a  lump  of 
gum  camphor  or  a  little  oil  of  cloves  or  sassa- 
fras. This  cement  is  very  strong  indeed,  and 
will  stick  perfectly  to  glazed  surfaces,  and  is 
good  to  repair  broken  rocks,  minerals  or  fossils. 

The  Ivoey  Stjpply — One  of  the  results  of 
the  development  of  Africa  will  be  the  increase 
in  the  supply  of  ivory.  The  annual  slaughter 
of  the  elephant  on  that  continent  at  present 
reaches  65,000.  The  ivory  product  is  worth 
$850,000.  With  the  influx  of  European  capital 
and  enterprise,  it  ia  to  be  supposed  that  the 
elephant  will  be  exterminated,  as  has  been  our 
American  buffalo  here. 


The  Human  Body  an  Electric  Battery. — 
The  Freuch  Academy  of  Science  has  discovered 
by  experiment  that  each  human  body  is  in 
itself  an  electric  battery,  one  electrode  being 
represented  by  the  head  and  the  other  by  the 
feet.  Therefore  it  is  the  thing  to  sleep 
with  one's  head  to  the  north  and  feet  to  the 
Boatfa. 


Feb.  22,  1890.J 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


183 


(SOOD   i-fEi\LTH. 


State  Health  Report. 

The  manthly  report  of  the  State  Board  of 
Health  is  before  ai.  Itfl  chief  feature  ia  Dr. 
Tyrrell's  report  od  the  prevailiot;  epidemic. 
The  report  says  that  loflueDitk,  epidemio  oatarrh 
or  la  j^rlppe  has  prevailed  exteoBively  through- 
out the  State  from  San  Diego  to  SiBkiyoa. 

Keporta  of  a  large  oamber  of  physioians 
from  the  iDterior  are  given.  Dr.  TuUy,  in  a 
letter  from  Sierra  City,  says  that  it  is  there 
characterized  by  Its  tendenoy  to  attack  the 
bronohial  tubes  aod  the  sabstaDoe  of  the  lungs, 
bat  BO  far  do  deaths  have  occurred  from  it. 

The  majority  of  localities  report  the  diseaeo 
In  a  mild  lorm  and  without  fatality.  Its  mode 
of  attack  differs  in  many  particulars.  It  may 
manifest  itself  by  Bneeziog,  headache,  chilliness, 
oongbt  aore  throat,  earaobe,  Tomiting  or 
diarrhea  or  constipation,  fever,  dizxiness,  pain 
in  the  limbs  or  nervous  twitching;  hut  none  of 
these  symptODS  are  constant.  Heaviaeas  over 
the  eyes,  redness  of  the  eye-balls,  inteofle  pain 
in  the  back,  In  the  limba  and  through  the  mas* 
olea,  with  a  feeling  of  oonstriotion  around  the 
throat  or  ohest,  are  the  commonest  symptoms 
observed  in  la  grippe. 

Its  chief  characteristic  la,  however,  the  ex- 
treme debility  and  prostration  which  aoaom* 
panies  its  advent.  This,  with  Intense  mental 
depression  and  profuse  sweating,  protracts  the 
convalescence  much  longer  than  it  might  be 
supposed  ;  and  although  the  fever,  bead 
ache  and  masoalar  pains  last  but  a  few  days 
ttnder  proper  medical  treatment,  the  heart  de- 
pression, muscular  weakness  and  nervous  debll* 
Ity  take  some  time  to  overcome. 

As  the  cause  of  the  disease  is  at  present  an* 
known,  we  can  advise  no  means  of  prevention, 
but  wonld  recommend  that  medical  advice  be 
sought  in  all  cases,  as  those  suffering  from  pre- 
vious disoases  or  debilitated  from  any  oaase  are 
very  apt  to  snccamb  to  a  severe  attack  of  la 
grippe,  owing  to  the  intense  nervous  prostra- 
tion that  ensues,  and  the  tendency  to  heart 
failure  that  always  aooompanies  the  disease. 
Under  proper  stimulation  this  may  be  over- 
come, but  to  administer  stimulants  judiciously 
requires  an  educated  judgment  and  a  perfect 
comprehension  of  the  object  to  be  attained. 

The  average  mortality  is  larger  than  usual, 
being  at  the  annual  rate  of  20.64  per  1000 — the 
largest  for  many  years. 

This  increased  mortality  is  not  so  much  dae 
to  the  prevailing  epidemic  as  to  a  mysterious 
pandemic  iaflueDce  which  renders  the  human 
system  particularly  liable  to  pulmonary  disor- 
ders, and  particularly  fatal  to  those  whose 
lungs  are  already  diseased  or  which  take  on 
acute  icfiammatton.  We  find,  for  instance, 
that  during  the  month  of  <7 annary  consumption 
was  fatal  in  270  instances.  This  is  double  the 
usaal  monthly  mortality  from  this  disease,  and 
exemplifies  the  depreesing  influence  of  the  epi- 
demic catarrh  which  is  now  passiog  over  the 
State. 

Poenmonia  caused  no  less  than  228  deaths, 
which  is  more  than  double  the  monthly  mor- 
tality. 

Bronchitis  Is  credited  with  57  deaths,  which 
18  also  a   large  increase  over  former  reports. 

Congestion  of  the  Innga  caused  27  deaths, 
which  is  likewise  in  marked  excess  of  the  usual 
fatality. 

Diphtheria  and  ordnp  caused  40  deaths — a 
slight  Increase  over  the  renort  for  December. 

Reports  received  from  93  different  localities 
in  the  State  indicate  an  extremely  limited 
prevalence  of  zymotic  diaeasee,  such  as  diph- 
theria, scarlet  fever,  measles,  typhoid  and 
kindred  specific  affections,  those  mentioned  be- 
iQg  few  in  number  and  sporadic  in  character, 
whereas  diseases  of  the  respiratory  organs,  de- 
pendent In  some  measure  npon  meteorological 
conditions,  exhibit  a  frequency  and  fatality 
which  is  phenomenal  in  this  State.  That  this 
is  owing  to  the  great  pandemic  wave  of  epi- 
demic catarrh  wbich  is  now  spreading  all  over 
the  State,  rendering  the  populace  more  sus- 
ceptible to  inflammatory  affections  of  the  lungs, 
may  be  accepted  as  the  probable  explanation 
of  the  unusual  frequency  of  the  respiratory  dis- 
eases which  have  prevailed  during  the  past 
month.  Those  suffering  from  consumption 
were  affected  in  a  remarkable  degree,  prostra- 
tion being  the  most  noticeable  symptom,  and 
this  often  bo  severe  that  death  ensued  in  a  few 
days. 


Useful  Inforj^atio,\. 


A  Nkw  Rkd  Glass  has  b«en  recently  invent' 
ed  in  (Germany,  and  appears  to  he  attracting  a 
good  deal  of  attention.  Besides  its  use  for  the 
manufacture  of  bottles,  goblets  and  vases  of 
various  kinds,  it  will  be  found  applicable  in 
photography  and  in  chemists'  and  opticians' 
laboratories.  This  glass  is  produced  by  melt- 
ing in  an  open  crucible  the  following  iugredi- 
ente:  Fine  sand,  2000  parts:  red  oxide  of  lead 
(minium),  400;  oarbonatn  of  potash,  GOO;  lime, 
100;  phosphate  of  lime,  20;  cream  of  tartar,  20; 
borax.  20;  red  oxidn  of  copper  (protoxide),  9; 
and  btoxide  of  tin,  K>  parts.  By  a  single  melt> 
ing  a  transparent  red  glass  ia  thus  obtained  of 
a  very  fine  quality,  of  which  various  objects 
can  be  manufactured  directly,  without  it  being 
neoeeaary  to  submit  the  glass  to  a  aeoond  heat- 
ing with  the  view  of  Intensifying  the  color. 


Unureakajile  Glass. — We  find  in  an  Eiat- 
ern  excUange  tue  following  account  of  the  man- 
ufacture of  a  substitute  for  glass  that  should 
meet  with  a  wide  popularity  for  many  pur- 
poses where  obscured  ground  or  cathedral 
glass  ia  non^  used.  An  unbreakable  aubatitute 
for  glass  is  made  by  Mona.  L.  C.  A  M»rguerie 
of  pArio,  by  immersing  gauze  in  a  heated  state 
in  a  thin  paste  formed  of  soluble  glass,  gela- 
tine and  glycerine,  or  glucose,  in  proportions 
varyinj;  according  to  the  uae  for  which  the 
material  was  deaigued.  When  nearly  dry,  the 
aheets  are  dipped  in  a  concentrated  solution  of 
chrome  alum  or  bichromate  of  potash.  Any 
desired  coloring  matter  may  be  incorporated 
with  the  gelatine,  and  copal  or  other  protective 
varnish  may  be  applied  to  the  **  vitreo- 
metallic  "  panes. 

Papkr  for  Pillows  — All  England  is  just 
now  crazy  on  the  subject  of  paper  pillows. 
You  tear  the  paper  into  very  small  pieces,  not 
bigger  than  your  finger-nail,  and  then  put 
them  into  a  pillow-sack  of  drilling  or  light 
ticking.  They  are  very  cool  for  hot  climates, 
and  much  superior  to  feather  pillowa.  The 
newspapers  are  printing  appeals  for  them  for 
hospitals.  Newspaper  is  not  nice  for  use,  as 
there  is  a  disagreeable  odor  from  printer's  ink; 
but  brown  or  white  paper  and  old  envelopes 
are  the  beat.  As  you  tear  them,  stuff  them 
into  an  old  pillow-case,  and  you  can  aee  when 
you  get  enough.  The  easiest  way  is  to  tear 
or  cut  the  paper  in  strips  about  half  an  inch 
wide,  and  then  tear  or  cut  aoroas.  The  finer  it 
is  the  lighter  it  makes  the  pillows. 


Tea-Deinkino  AND  La  Grippe  — The  French 
soldiers  hLvve  been  an  army  of  tea-drinkera 
during  the  prevalence  of  la  grippe.  Whenever 
la  grippe  made  its  appearance  in  a  regiment,  all 
the  soldiers  who  remained  free  from  the  epi- 
demic were  given  between  meals  hot  tea  with 
sugar. 


OtD  Mine  Timbers. — Much  timber  from  the 
old  workings  of  the  minea  is  now  used  for  fuel 
for  the  boilers,  and  recently  an  asnay  waa  made 
of  some  of  the  sahes  by  Charley  Harper,  fore- 
man of  the  Oon.  Virginia.  He  found  that  they 
went  $40  a  ton,  and  immediately  dumped  a 
pile  containing  about  20  tone  into  the  ore-bins. 
The  old  timber,  very  much  of  which  ia  com- 
preased  by  the  immenae  weight  it  has  Eua- 
tained,- has  during  its  years  of  silent  strain 
absorbed  from  its  surroundings  the  precious 
metal  in  quantities  suffioient  to  make  it  about 
t>>p  hierbf^st  grade  fuel  ever  used. —  Virginia 
Enterprise. 


Musical  Gas  Machine  — A  musical  gas  ma- 
chine, called  the  pyrophone,  has  been  brought 
out  in  Eogland.  Its  compass  is  three  octavfs, 
and  it  has  a  keyboard  and  is  played  in  the 
same  manner  as  an  organ.  It  has  37  glass 
tubes,  in  wbich  a  like  number  of  gas-jets  burn. 
These  jets  placed  in  a  circle,  contract)  and  ex- 
pand. When  the  small  burners  separate,  the 
sound  is  produced;  when  they  close  together, 
the  sound  ceases.  The  tone  depends  on  the 
number  of  burners  and  the  aize  of  the  tubes  in 
which  they  burn,  ao  that  by  a  careful  arrange- 
ment and  selection,  all  the  notes  of  the  musical 
scale  may  be  produced  in  several  ootaves. 
Some  of  the  glass  tubes  in  which  the  jets  burn 
are  nearly  11  feet  long. 

Wood  Pulp  in  Mortar, — Wood  pulp  is  now 
being  used  as  the  basis  of  a  plastic  compound 
to  serve  aa  a  eubatitute  for  lime  mortar  in  cov- 
ering and  finishing  walla.  It  is  deaigned  to 
possees  in  addition  to  all  the  desirable  qual- 
ities of  ordinary  mortar,  the  characteristics  of 
being  harder,  and,  when  applied  to  woodwork 
in  a  thin  coat,  rendering  it  bath  fire  and  water- 
proof.—  Timberman. 

Patents. — Last  year  20,420  patent's  were  is* 
anea  in  the  United  States,  againat  9779  in  Eog- 
land and  3921  in  Germany. 


jar.  Solder  a  stout  copper  wire  or  a  screw 
poBt  to  eaoh  Itad  plate  at  the  top.  Place  the 
lead  plates  in  the  cups  and  fill  the  cups  nearly 
full  with  a  paste  made  of  red  lead  mixed  with  a 
solution  of  sulphate  of  soda  tblo  enough  to  ran 
like  a  cement.  The  glass  jar  containing  the 
two  cups  should  be  filled  to  within  half  an  inoh 
of  top  of  oupa  with  sulphuric  acid  and  water, 
about  one  part  of  acid  to  eight  p^rts  of  water. 
Oae  plate  should  be  marked  X,  ao  that  in 
charging,  the  current  will  be  correctly  con- 
nected. This  may  be  charged  by  attaching  to 
a  series  of  a  dozen  sulphate  of  copper  cells  for 
24  hours  or  from  a  dyuamo.  It  should  always 
be  charged  in  same  direction,  and  it  will  im* 
prove  by  repeated  ohargings,  A  wooden  cover 
may  be  fitted  to  the  glass  jar,  and  evaporation 
of  the  fluid  should  be  replenished  by  adding 
water.  Two  or  more  cells  of  this  battery  will 
work  small  motors,  lamps  and  induction  coils, 
and  if  thoroughly  charged,  will  retain  a  large 
volume  of  electricity  for  considerable  time. 
After  once  being  well  charged,  four  to  six  cells 
of  sulphate  battery  will  recharge  it. 

Electric  Cars  and  Swow. — The  last  snow- 
storm in  Boston  afforded  an  opportunity  for 
the  practical  demonstration  of  the  utility  of 
the  new  electrical  sweeper  for  street-oar  tracks. 
It  did  its  work  rapidly  and  well,  the  only  ap- 
parent drawback  being  the  fright  with  which 
it  inspired  horses.  This  was  common  with 
car-horses  aa  well  as  those  attached  to  private 
vehicles,  and  will  doubtless  wear  away  as  did 
the  equine  surprise  at  the  sight  of  the  electric 
cars.  The  new  aweeper  leaves  the  snow  just 
outside  the  rails,  and  gathers  no  accumulation 
to  form  into  slush  for  the  discomfiture  of  pe- 
destrians. Toe  eleotrlo  cars  all  made  good 
time,  being  delayed  only  by  horae-cars. 

Soldering  by  Electricity. — A  late  inven- 
tion ot  Ghas.  E.  Carpenter,  a  Minneapolia  elec- 
trician, is  an  electrical  soldering  rod,  which, 
he  claims,  entirely  does  away  with  the  many 
annoyances  attending  that  tool  at  the  present 
day.  One  advantage  is  that  it  can  be  made 
much  shorter  without  the  heat  being  felt  by 
those  who  handle  it.  Another  advantage  is 
that  it  never  cools  off  unless  the  connection  is 
broken.  It  is  intended  for  use  in  large  tin- 
smith shops,  where  many  are  constantly  em- 
ployed.          

An  Electric  Stamp  to  control  the  payments 
in  banks,  hotels  and  other  busineas  places  has 
been  invented.  It  works  automatically  and  ia 
eaid  to  be  a  good  detective  and  preventive  of 
mistakes. 

The  Electric  Lights  have  reduced  the  av- 
erage time  of  veaaels  passing  through  the  Suez 
Canal  from  37  hours  57  minutes  to  22  hours  32 
minutes,  * 

Drilling  by  Electricity  is  said  to  be  a 
great  economy  over  the  ordinary  use  of  com* 
pressed  air  for  such  a  purpose. 


Electpjoity. 


DoNT  Touch  an  Electric  Wire  When  it 
IS  ON  THE  Ground. — Ouo  ot  ihe  cnief  causes  ot 
accidents  from  electric  wlrea  arises  from  the 
ignorance  of  moat  people  with  regard  to  the 
clrcumetancea  under  which  the  wires  are  dan- 
gerous. The  nature  of  such  wires  and  the  cir- 
cumatanoea  under  which  danger  may  be  feared 
should  be  taught  in  every  school  in  the  Union, 
and  one  of  the  thinga  which  should  be  first  and 
peraiatently  taught  ia  never  to  lift  a  wire  off 
the  ground,  or  ever  touch  a  wire  anywhere.  As 
long  aa  it  ia  on  the  ground  it  ia  harmleaa,  no 
matter  what  pressure  may  be  on  it.  The  mo- 
ment it  leaves  the  ground  it  may  be  dangeroua. 
If  it  ia  in  the  way  of  traffic  yon  can  safely  pull 
it  across  the  street  with  your  foot,  then  put 
your  foot  on  it  and  hold  it  on  the  ground  »nd  it 
cannot  hurt  yon;  but  do  not  lift  it.  Never 
touch  a  wire  tied  on  a  pole.  It  may  not  be 
dangerous,  but  it  ia  like  the  unloaded  gun — it 
may  kill  you. 

How  TO  Make  a  Storage  Battery. — A  sim- 
ple and  effective  storage  battery  may  be  made 
as  follows:  Get  two  half-round  porous  cups 
and  a  round  glass  jar  large  enough  for  the  two 
porous  cups  to  stand  in  upright.  Get  two 
plates  of  sheet  lead  one-sixteenth  of  an  inch 
thick,  wideenonghto  fit  the  half-round  aide  of 
the  poroua  cups  and  deep  enough  to  come  an 
inoh  or  ao  above  the  top  edge  of  the  oupa  aud 


The  Buildef(. 


ChaLges  in  Building. 

Even  the  most  cau&al  observer  must  have 
notioed  the  changes  which  have  been  going  on 
for  several  yeara  in  the  choice  of  building  mate- 
rials and  in  the  methoda  of  construction 
adopted,  especially  in  metropolitan  edificea, 
both  for  busineas  and  residence  purposes. 
Wooden  timber,  and  brick  and  stone  veneering 
have  largely  fallen  into  desuetude,  and  iron, 
ateel,  granite,  marble  and  terra  cotta  have 
usurped  their  places.  The  modeat  five  and  aix- 
atory  business  block  has  given  place  to  that  of 
12  or  14  stories  high,  and  men  and  women  now 
do  business,  as  Shakespeare  said,  **  between 
heaven  and  eartb,"  suspended  in  elevators,  or 
making  fortunee,  in  departments  the  windows 
of  which  overlook  the  entire  city.  This  may 
be  called  having  "a  splendid  outlook." 

But  the  transformation  in  building  haa  by  no 
means  been  confined  to  office  structurea.  The 
modern  dwelling  no  more  resembles  the  old- 
fashioned  home  than  the  **  Tacoma"  does  the 
country  store  at  the  *' corners."  The  interior 
as  well  aa  the  exterior  characteristics  have  been 
changed.  The  new  has  *' rung  out  "  the  old, 
and  the  difference  is  immenae,  as  to  comfort, 
convenience  and  elegance — not  forgetting  the 
increased  expense,  which  ia  an  important  ele- 
ment in  the  erection  of  palatial  homea. 

It  is  not  of  these,  however,  that  we  would 
write.  There  are  houses  needed  for  the  work- 
ingmen  and  for  salaried  residents.  For  these 
there  ia  the  choice  (in  suburban  towne)  of 
wooden  materials,  sheathed  with  wood  and 
plastered  inside  and  out,  or  covered  with  cor- 
rugated iron,  sheet  iron,  or  metallic  shingles, 
and  brick  and  mortar.  Cunningly  devised 
shapes  of  houses  are  popular,  and  too  often  too 
expensive  for  the  man  of  moderate  means;  but 
almost  any  house-holder  can  afford  to  erect  a 
*'  balloon  frame,"  sheath  it  with  boards,  and 
cover  them,  roof  and  all,  with  the  cheaper 
grades  of  sheet  iron,  which,  when  nicely  paint- 
ed, will  resist  the  weather  and  secure  dryneaa 
and  comfort,  especially  if  properly  boarded  and 
plastered  inside. 

For  external  ornamentation  the  outer  cover- 
ing of  aheet  iron  may  be  diveraified  with  a  taste- 
ful arrangement  of  metallic  shingles  in  fancy 
forms  and  painted  in  various  colors. 

The  Sliding  Boor  not  Known  in  Europe. — 
It  will  be  news  to  most  American  readers  that 
the  aliding  door,  whioh  ia  now  ao  oommon  and 


so  convenient  a  feature  of  dwoUing-houde  in- 
teriors in  this  country,  is  aa  yet  a  novelty  in 
the  Old  World,  We  have  it  on  the  authority 
of  an  English  paper,  however,  that  snch  is  the 
case.  But  the  journal  referred  to  (Invention^ 
London)  has  at  least  a  correct  understanding  of 
the  manner  in  which  the  modern  aliding  door  is 
constructed  and  placed.  It  is  enabled  thereby 
to  point  out  the  singular  and  rather  amusing 
error  into  which  a  French  writer  on  dwelling- 
house  architecture  haa  fallen,  who  says  of  the 
American  sliding  door  that  "  if  it  could  be  ar- 
ranged to  slide  in  the  thickness  of  the  wall,  in- 
stead of  outeide,  it  would  be  perfect,  but  per- 
haps this  may  come  indue  time."  This  French 
commentator  must  have  derived  his  impressions 
from  some  American  bonk  of  house  plana  of  ex- 
tremely ancient  date.  We  have  examined  the 
oldeat  one  in  our  possession,  and  it  gives  no 
hint  to  so  crude  a  device  aa  a  sliding  door 
which  slides  "outside  the  wall."  If  they 
would  always  slide  with  the  unotuous  smooth- 
ness rightfully  to  be  expected  of  them,  they 
might  indeed  be  said  to  defy  criticism. — Mc" 
chanical  News. 


HiGHT  AND  Proportion  ok  Factory  Chim- 
neys.— A  foreign  contemporary  calta  attention 
to  the  fact  that  the  rearing  of  high  chimney 
shafts  in  connection  with  factories,  chemical 
worka,  etc.,  oonatltutes  a  specialty  in  building 
construction,  and  may  fairly  be  conaidered  aa  a 
matter  of  very  considerable  economic  import- 
ance. It  is  considered  a  question  whether  de- 
crease in  hight  of  such  chimney  may  not  effect 
a  saving  in  fuel  without  impairing  general  ef- 
ficiency. Herr  F.  Huth  records  a  case  in 
which  the  erection  of  a  new  boiler  necessitated 
(liter  an  unsuccessful  attempt  to  use  it)  the 
demolition  of  the  old  chimney,  the  dimensions 
of  which  were:  Hight,  65.61  feet;  lower  di- 
ameter, 19  6S  inchea;  diameter  of  interior  of 
chimney,  13  7S  inchea.  The  entire  length  of 
the  draugbt,  including  the  fine,  was  about 
98  42  feet.  For  experimental  purposes,  a  trial 
waa  made  of  heating  the  boiler  when  the  chim- 
ney was  39  37  feet  in  hight.  Although  the  re- 
sults were  afi^ected  by  the  damp  masonry,  there 
was  a  distinct  improvement  perceptible  as  com- 
pared with  the  old  chimney.  At  a  hight  of 
45.93  feet  the  trials  were  atill  more  satisfac- 
tory, and  at  52  49  feet,  all  requirements  were 
completely  fulfilled,  the  smoke  being  absolutely 
white  and  sometimes  scarcely  noticeable,  with- 
out any  soot  or  fiying  ash.  The  heating  of  the 
boiler  was  exoellent,  and  the  consumption  of 
coal  15  to  20  per  cent  less  than  waa  the  caae 
with  the  old  chimney.  The  chimney  waa  then 
finished  in  the  usual  way,  without  any  further 
improvement  or  addition  to  the  hight.  From 
these  facts  Herr  Huth  deduces  the  fact  that 
not  only  the  hight,  but  also  the  diameter  of  a 
chimney  in  proportion  to  Ita  bight,  demand  at- 
tention for  economic  and  administrative  rea- 
aone.  High  chimneys  are,  he  considera,  aa  a 
rule,  too  narrow  in  proportion  to  their  hight, 
and  hence  do  not  draw  well,  or  else  waste  fuel 
and  cover  the  neighborhood  with  aoot  and  fiy- 
ing ash.  The  effort  to  remedy  theae  evils  by 
still  further  increasing  the  hight  of  chimneys 
leads  to  their  aseravation. 


Postal  Telegraphy. 

The  Postmaater-Gsneral  appeared  before  the 
House  Committee  on  Fostofficee  and  Post 
Roads  on  the  11th  and  diaonsaed  the  proposi- 
tion for  the  establishment  by  the  Government 
of  a  limited  postal  telegraph.  He  submitted  a 
plan  providing  for  a  lease  of  the  wires  by  the 
Government  for  ten  yeara  for  carrying  on  the 
bneineBs.  and  for  the  delivery  of  telegrams  by 
carriers  in  the  first  delivery  following  the  re- 
ceipt of  telegram. 

The  scheme,  he  insisted,  waa  practical  and 
free  from  objectiona.  He  proppsed  the  union 
of  the  post  and  telegraph  on  a  baaia  that  would 
not  interfere  to  any  appreciable  extent  with 
existing  rights,  but  would  offer  an  incalculable 
service  to  classes  not  now  enjoying  the  use  of 
the  telegraph  to  any  large  degree.  He  asked 
that  he  be  directed  to  negotiate  for  and  secure 
a  set  of  leased  wires  auch  as  the  great  news- 
papers have  from  city  to  city,  or  the  brokers 
and  bankera  have  connecting  their  offices  and 
different  cities,  that  the  public  might  communi- 
cate through  their  buaineas  offioea  (postofficea) 
from  city  to  city,  or  by  mesaagea  dropped  in 
th  jir  mail-boxes.  The  people  had  now,  he  con- 
tinued, business  officers  and  clerks  who  could 
soon  learn  the  tick  of  machines,  carriera  who 
traveled  over  the  aame  atreets  traversed  by 
telegraph  boya,  and  stamps  for  payment,  that 
dispense  with  bookkeeping,  and  all  that  waa 
needed  to  build  up  the  service  was  the  author- 
ity and  the  wire.  He  declared  emphatically 
that  auch  a  service  was  the  legitimate  work  of 
the  postoffioe,  and  the  people  were  right  in 
stoutly  demanding  telegraph  facilities  at  postal 
stations.  Nothing  in  the  proposed  bill  is  to  be 
so  construed  aa  to  prohibit  any  telegraph  com- 
pany from  performing  general  busineas  for  the 
public  aa  the  aame  is  now  done. 

Postal  telegraph  charges  in  any  one  State 
shall  not  exceed  10  cents  for  messages  of  20 
words  or  leas,  counting  addreea  and  signatures, 
nor  over  25  cents  for  any  distance  under  1500 
miles,  nor  over  50  centa  for  any  greater  dis- 
tance; rates  and  rules  and  regulations  to  be 
prescribed  by  the  Poatmaster-General.  The 
bill  also  provides  for  the  eetabliahment  of  a 
system  of  postal  telegraph  money  orders,  at  a 
rate  not  to  exceed  double  the  rate  now  charged, 
in  addition  to  the  double  postal  telegraph 
charge. 


134 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Feb,  22,  1890 


1^/^ 


A.  T,  DEWEY.  W,  B.  EW^EB, 

DEWEY  &  CO.,  Publishers. 


Ofce,  220  Market  St.,  N.  E.  cor.  Front  Si. ,  S.  F. 
tSSr  Take  the  Mevator,  Xo.  IS  Front  St."^ 


W.  B.  EWER Sbhior  Editor 


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SAN    FRANCISCO: 

Saturday,   February  22,    1890. 


TABLE  OF  CONTENTS. 


EDITORIALS.— Mining  Ditches;  Granite  Quarries, 
Passing  Events;  Banks  and  Mining  Stocks;  Chinese 
'Gold  Mines;  True  Lead  Ores;  The  Late  Thomas  Varney, 
134;  Reopening  a  Caved  Mioe;  Hydraulicking  Slides; 
The  Debris  Commissiou,  135- 

ILLtUSTRATlONS.— Mining  Ditches;  View  in  Gran- 
ite Quarry,  127;  Henry  M.  Stan  ey,  the  African  Ex- 
plorer, 129;  Plan  and  Sections  of  the  Tilly  Foster 
Mine,  135. 

OOBRhiSFONDBNCB.— The  Mines  of  Rocky  Bar, 
I'laho;  River-Bcmk  Cutting — Tte  Causes  and  Preven- 
tion; Balls  of  Fire,  128;  Californiana  on  the  Atlantic, 
129 

MISCELLANEOUS.— Henry  M.  Stanley,  129;  Old 
Mine  Timbers;  Postal  Telegraphy,  133. 

MININO  SDMMABY— From  the  various  counties 
of  California,  Nevada,  Arizona,  Colorado,  Idaho,  Mon- 
tana, New  Mexico,  Oretron,  Utah,  Wyoming,  130-131. 

MECHANICAL  PROGRESS.-Electric  Welding; 
Wear  of  Tires;  A  Marine  Engine  with  Eight  Cylinders; 
Flexible  Pitman;  Edisou  as  a  Thinker;  A  Steel  Polish 
on  Iron;  A  Machine  Chisel;  Miscellantous,  132. 

SCIENTIFIC  PKOGRBSS.— Researches  in  Mag- 
netism; Iron  thips  and  Lightning;  Philosophy  of  the 
Effect  of  UU  on  Waves;  Some  Experiences  with  Zinc; 
Insects  in  Drugs;  Psychical  besearch;  A  New  Cement; 
The  Ivory  Supply;  The  Human  Body  an  Electric  Bat- 
tery, 132. 

GOOD  HEALTH.— State  Health  Report;  Tea-Drink- 
ing and  La  Grippe,  133. 

USEFUL  INFORMATION. -Unbreakable  Glass; 
faper  for  Pillows;  Musical  Gas  Machine;  Wood  Pulp  m 
Mortar;  Patents;  Miscellaneous,  133. 

ELECTRICITY.- Don't    Touch    an    Electric    Wire 
Wlien  it  is  on  the  Ground;    How  to  Make  a  Storage 
Battery;  Electric  Cars  and  Snow;   Soldering  by  Eh" 
tricitv;  Miscellaneous,  133. 

THtii  BUlLDBR.—Ohauges  in  Building:  The  Sliding 
Door  not  Known  in  Europe;  Hight  and  Proportion  of 
Factory  Chimneys,  133. 

MINING  STOCK  MARKET.— Sales  at  the  San 
Francisco  Stock  Board,  Notices  of  Meetings,  Assess- 
ments, Dividends,  and  Bullion  Shipments,  141. 

Business  Annoimoeiuents. 

[NBW  THIS  ISSUE.] 

Mininjj  Machinery— Vulcan  Iron  Works. 
Books — Henry  Carey  Baird  &  Co.,  Philadelphia. 
Chain  Pulley— Patke  &  Lacy  Company. 
Horse-Power  Hoist-E.  W.  Krogh  &  Co. 
"  The  Tidings,"  Grass  Vadey. 

tST  See  Advertising  Columns. 


Passiug  Events. 

We  have  had  another  stormy  week  in  Call- 
fomia,  and  again  have  the  trams  over  the  Sierras 
been  blockaded  by  the  snow.  Plows  and  men 
are  working  night  and  day  to  keep  the  railroads 
open,  but  as  one  storm  succeeds  auothert  the 
difficulties  are  gradually  increasing. 

At  Grass  Valley  the  ditches  are  choked  by 
anow,  stopping  work  at  many  of  the  mines. 
As  the  mines  have  now  great  quantities  of 
water  to  contend  with,  the  failure  of  power  is 
very  bad. 

Already  this  season  the  bodies  of  several 
miners  have  been  found  iu  their  cabins,  where 
they  perished  from  cold  or  lack  of  supplies.  It 
is  feared  that  many  other  prospectors  and 
miners,  scattered  through  lonely  places  in  the 
mountains,  are  now  aufiferlng. 

The  strike  in  the  Keystone,  reported  this 
week,  briogs  renewed  faith  in  that  famous  old 
mine.  It  was  thought  to  be  pretty  well  worked 
out,  but  present  prospects  indicate  to  the  con- 
trary.  ^* 

A  VERY  rich  strike  in  quartz  has  been  made 
in  the  Texas  and  Georgia  mine,  Old  Diggings 
district,  by  Hart  &  Fleming  at  a  depth  of  500 
feet.  This  Is  the  deepest  find  in  Shasta 
county.  The  rock  is  said  to  be  rich  beyond 
belief. 


Banks  and  Mining  Stocks. 

The  Nevada  bank  of  this  city  is  to  be  re- 
organized, with  I.  W.  Hellman  of  Los  Aogelea 
as  president,  and  that  gentleman  ie  reported 
as  saying  that  he  has  never  in  his  life  speculat- 
ed in  mining  stock,  and  he  proposes  to  keep  an 
argns  eye  on  the  Nevada's  fande,  and  that  not 
one  oent  is  to  be  loaned  on  this  class  of  se- 
curity. 

This  bank  was  established  with  money  ob' 
tained  from  mining  operations — both  mining 
stocks  and  mines.  Its  entire  capital  oame  out 
of  the  Oomstock  bonanzas,  Two  of  the  found' 
era  are  dead,  and  the  other  two  are  engaged  in 
other  operations  which  occupy  all  their  time. 
Therefore  they  retire  and  giv.e  place  to  new  di- 
rectors and  .officers  who  have  no  sympathy 
with  mining  matters. 

It  seems  to  ns  that  the  members  of  the  Stock 
Board  are  themselves  m&inly  to  blame  for  the 
resolution  of  the  new  officers  of  this  bank  to 
refuse  loaning  on  mining  stocks.  The  bank  it' 
self  in  its  palmy  days  must  have  made  money 
out  of  its  stock  operations;  it  was  when  it 
started  in  on  wheat  that  financial  loss  and  loss 
of  prestige  came.  This  simply  shows  that  min' 
iog  stocks  are  not  the  only  outlets  for  specula- 
tion where  there  is  chance  for  loss. 

But  the  fact  is  that  loans  on  mining  stocks 
have  for  a  loog  time  been  made  by  the  banks 
more  on  the  commercial  standing  of  the  firms 
or  men  aeking  for  such  loans  than  on  the  mar- 
ket value  of  the  "securities."  The  stocks 
themselves  are  not  looked  on  with  the  former 
favor.  Bat  it  is  pretty  certain  that  had  the 
Stock  Exchange  exercised  more  judgment  in  its 
listing  of  mines  this  state  of  affjiirs  would  have 
in  a  measure  been  prevented.  AD  sorts  of 
"wildcat *'  stocks  have  been  put  before  the 
public  on  the  same  basis  as  meritorious  ones,  as 
far  as  the  Exchange  was  concerned.  That  is, 
the  public  could  see  no  difference  as  these 
stocks  were  called,  bid  upon,  bought  and  sold. 
Being  always  in  the  company  of  thieves,  the 
honest  ones  were  naturally  suspected,  until  all 
are  now  looked  upon  with  doubt,  and  the  min- 
ing-stock business  has  gone  to  a  low  ebb.  Of 
course,  we  nnderatand  very  well  that  the 
brokers  themselves,  or  the  Board  itself,  proba- 
bly bad  no  direct  interest  in  the  **  wildcats  " 
and  paper  mines,  but  their  official  recognition 
of  them  has  resulted  in  deception  of  the  public. 
The  very  natural  result  has  been  that  the 
whole  business  has  become  one  of  speculation. 
As  originally  devised,  the  plan  was  to  obtain 
capital  to  open,  develop  and  work  mines,  but 
it  turned  into  a  means  of  opening,  developiug 
and  working  pockets — not  mines'  pockets,  but 
men's  pockets.  True,  there  were  times  when 
the  simple  mining  itself  paid  well,  and  in  a  few 
instances  it  does  still,  but  the  greater  number 
of  the  mines  dealt  in  have  never  been  profit- 
able as  mining  operations  purely. 

By  some  prudent  care  and  forethought,  the 
Board  lists  would  have  been  weeded  of  the 
worthless  securities  which  have  injured  all. 
Could  people  know  that  the  Board  put  its 
stamp  of  approval  only  on  properties  that  had 
some  merit — present  or  prospective  —  there 
would  be  no  difficulty  iu  obtaining  money  on 
the  stock  itself,  without  the  "personal  equa- 
tion" being  considered.  But  the  reverse  is  the 
case;  and  now  the  new  president  of  a  great 
bank  that  was  founded  on  mines,  comes  out 
plainly  and  says  the  institution  will  have  noth- 
ing whatever  to  do  with  mining  stocks. 

Chinese  Gold  Mines. 

We  have  before  mentioned  the  gold  mines  in 
the  Gold  Ox  mountain,  province  of  Shantun, 
China.  A  ten-stamp  mill  was  sent  there  from 
this  city  a  few  years  ago,  but  now  the  mines 
are  to  be  opened  on  a  larger  scale  than  so  small 
a  mill  warrants.  Two  Ohinamen  came  over 
here  a  short  time  since  and  are  reported  to 
have  sold  more  or  less  stock  in  the  company  to 
Chinese  merchants  in  San  Francisco.  lb  is 
also  reported  that  they  have  ordered  a  300- 
stamp  mill  of  Fraser  &  Chalmers  of  Chicago, 
giving  out  that  they  could  not  get  aa  large 
a  mill  as  they  wanted  in  this  city.  This  of 
course  is  absurd,  for  the  Alaska  mill  of  240 
stamps  was  built  here,  and  they  could  have 
240O  stamps  if  they  wanted  to  pay  for  it. 
Stamp-mills  are  built  in  groups  of  five  stamps 
each.  However,  Frazer  &  Chalmers  can  build 
them  a  good  mill  and  as  big  a  one  as  they  want. 

Mr.  J.  R.  Sears  of  O.ikland  was  one  of  the  ex- 
perts  employed   by   the  Chinese  to  report  on 


their  mines.  He  was  there  in  ISSS,  and  says 
that  the  mines  are  in  a  granite  formation,  with 
quartz  croppings  from  25  to  50  feet  in  hight, 
30  to  110  feet  thick,  and  12  miles  long.  The 
average  assay  of  the  ore  in  sight  over  the  entire 
length  of  the  formation  was  from  $15  to  $20 
per  ton  free  gold.  There  is  an  abundance  of 
water  at  the  mines,  and  fuel  can  be  brought 
very  cheaply  by  boat  from  the  coal  mines  of 
Kai  Ping,  about  350  miles  distant. 

The  same  company  that  is  going  to  develop 
these  mines  has  for  several  years  been  working 
mines  at  Fingtu,  in  the  same  province,  about 
150  miles  southwest  of  Chefoo.  They  had  a 
20-stamp  mill  and  a  complete  Cilifornia  plant, 
the  timber  and  materials  for  which  were  ob- 
tained chiefly  from  the  United  States.  At  one 
time  there  were  ten  California  miners  employed 
at  the  Pingtu  mine. 

No  foreigners  are  permitted  to  work  mines  in 
China  or  to  have  any  interest  in  the  develop- 
ment of  mines,  but  experts  are  given  good 
salaries,  and  the  pay  is  sure.  The  mandarin  in 
charge  of  the  great  project  at  Gold  Ox  Mount- 
ain is  Li  Chung  Tai,  a  relative  of  the  Viceroy. 
The  superintendent  of  the  mines  is  C  E.  Tay- 
lor, formerly  of  Fresno  county,  California,  who 
has  been  in.  the  employ  of  the  company  about 
three  years.  The  placer  mines  so  far  discov- 
ered are  not  rich,  and  the  Chinese  who  work  in 
the  gulches  and  along  the  streams  near  the 
great  ledge  of  Gold  Ox  Mountain  are  content 
to  pan  from  two  bits   to  half  a  dollar  per  day. 

Free  Lead   Ores. 

A  dispatch  from  Kansas  City  says  :  The 
city  is  becoming  agitated  over  the  effort  of 
Colorado  and  Utah  miners  and  smelters  who 
are  trying  to  defeat  the  free  silver-lead  ore  pro- 
vision in  the  reciprocity  treaty  now  pending 
between  the  United  States  and  Mexico,  It 
would  be  a  great  blow  at  thq  smelting  industry 
in  Kansas  and  Kansas  trade  with  Mexico.  The 
largest  smelter  in  the  United  States  is  at 
Argentine  and  another  is  building  at  Lovelace. 
The  defeat  of  the  free-ore  provision  would 
shut  out  the  importations  of  Mexican  fiux  ore 
and  badly  cripple,  if  not  destroy,  the  smelting 
industry  at  this  point.  The  Argentine  smelter 
treats  two-thirds  of  the  importation  of  Me^tican 
silver-lead  ore,  some  §4,000,000  annually.  The 
Board  of  Trade  of  this  city  adopted  resolutions 
asking  that  the  treaty  provide  for  free  lead  ores. 
The  press  will  speak  in  favor  of  free  ore.  It  is 
believed  that  with  free  Mexican  ore  this  will  be- 
come the  largest  smelting  center  in  the  world. 

All  this  sounds  very  well  for  Kansas,  but 
how  about  Colorado,  Utah,  Idaho,  Montana 
and  Nevada?  What  is  to  become  of  their 
mines  and  miners  if  this  ore  continues  to  come 
in  free  t  Are  these  hundreds  of  mines  and 
thousands  of  miners  to  be  sacrificed  for  the 
sake  of  building  up  two  or  three  smelting  com 
paniea  in  Kansas?  These  companies  in  Kansas 
and  elsewhere  are  beginning  now  to  show  their 
hands.  It  has  been  due  to  their  efforts  that 
the  free  ore  fraud  has  gone  on  so  long.  The 
smelting  enterprises  have  been  wonderfully 
profitable  to  the  few  who  own  them,  but  it  is 
time  they  should  give  some  one  else  a  chance. 
The  thousands  of  lead  miners  should  be  con- 
sidered before  the  few  hundred  smelting  capi- 
talists. But  the  lead  miners  are  organized  to 
fight  for  their  rights,  and  the  smelting  men  no 
longer  have  it  all  their  own  way. 

If  this  free  ore  shipment  keeps  on,  all  the 
lead  mines  in  this  country  will  have  to  close 
down,  for  they  cannot  compete  with  the  cheap 
labor  of  Mexican  peons.  But  the  owners  of  the 
big  smelters,  as  long  as  they  can  make  money, 
care  nothing  at  all  about  our  miners,  and  would 
prefer  to  see  the  Msxican  mines  worked  rather 
than  our  own.  Such  selfiah  feelings,  however, 
should  be  promptly  rebuked  by  Congress  im- 
mediately preventing  the  further  importation 
of  lead  ores  without  payment  of  duty. 


Kindly  Remit. 

For  two  months  past  our  agents  have  been 
able  to  do  but  little  service  for  this  paper. 
Many  of  our  old  subscribers  seem  to  have  been 
so  completely  housed  up  as  not  to  remit  their 
renewal  of  subscriptions  promptly.  With  the 
large  expenses  we  are  constantly  under  for 
furnishing  so  valuable  and  straightforward  a 
j  ournal,  we  need  early  payment  from  all  who  are 
in  arrears  on  our  list,  and  will  much  appreciate 
all  remittances  at  this  time  from  old  and  new 
subscribers. 


Tlie  Late  Thomas  Varney. 

The  death  of  Thomas  Varney  of  Oakland  last 
week  removes  from  the  scenes  of  his  labors  a 
man  well  known  to  the  mining  community  of 
this  coast  since  the  days  of  1849.  Aa  the  in- 
ventor of  the  Varney  amalgamating  pan  in 
early  Comstock  days,  he  achieved  a  repntation 
as  an  inventor  and  mechanic;  but  long  before 
this  his  friends  knew  of  his  ingenuity  and  skill. 
At  one  time  he  made  a  complete  piano  with 
his  own  hands.  For  some  time  he  had  a  place 
at  the  old  Pacific  Iron  Works,  where  he  used  to 
amalgamate  and  treat  batches  of  ore  for  miners, 
and  in  this  way  became  well  known  to  the  min- 
ing community.  The  constant  handling  of 
quicksilver  at  that  time  affected  the  nerves  of 
his  hands  in  a  peculiar  manner.  Some  of  the 
features  of  the  amalgamating  pan  which  he  in- 
vented are  incorporated  in  the  present  *'  com- 
bination  pan  "  in  universal  use  in  silver-mills 
in  this  country. 

Mr.  Varney  was  one  of  the  first  in  this  coun- 
try to  recognize  the  merits  of  nitro-glycerine 
compounds  as  blasting  agents.  He  made  many 
experiments  with  various  substances  as  ab- 
sorbent of  nitro-glycerine,  but  Nobel's  discov- 
ery set  aside  the  results  of  that  work.  It  was, 
however,  due  to  Mr.  Varney  that  the  Giant 
Powder  Co.  was  formed.  He  had  little  means 
at  that  time,  but  his  zeal  and  influence  inter- 
ested Mr.  Judson  and  others  who  put  money 
into  the  manufacture  of  this  substance.  Mr. 
Varney  afterward  went  East  in  connection 
with  the  business  of  making  giant  powder.  He 
was  a  director  of  the  company  at  the  time  of 
his  death,  and  also  president  of  the  Kennedy 
Mining  Co. 

Mr.  Varney  was  always  a  very  active  man, 
and  accumulated  a  handsome  fortune,  leaving 
property  valued  at  almost  $1,000,000.  He  was 
of  sterling  character,  upright  and  honest  in  all 
his  dealings,  and  popular  with  all  who  knew 
him.  Mr.  Varney  was  connected  with  many 
mining  enterprises  in  this  State  and  Nevada, 
at  various  times,  but  was  always  more  interest- 
ed in  metallurgical  than  mining  operations. 
He  had  a  thorough  knowledge  of  the  amalga- 
mation of  ores,  both  in  theory  and  practice. 
Mr.  Varney  was  71  years  of  age.  He  was  of 
fine  physique  and  appearance,  and  an  able  and 
good  man  in  every  way. 

The  Mechanics'  Institute. 

There  is  opposition  to  the  regular  nominees 
of  the  Mechanics'  Institute  this  year,  and  quite 
an  active  little  fight  is  being  made.  The  oppo- 
sition on  Members'  ticket  is  as  follows:  Chas. 
L.  Taylor,  president  Sun  Insurance  Company; 
Henry  Root,  civil  engineer;  Dr.  Benjamin 
Marshall,  physician;  A.  P.  Flaglor,  photogra- 
pher; W.  A.  Baatty,  lawyer;  Jas,  H.  Barry, 
publisher  and  printer;  Chas.  Elliot,  civil  engi- 
neer. 

The  original  cause  of  the  opposition  is  the 
plan  proposed  by  the  present  Board  of  Trus- 
tees of  putting  up  a  pavilion  on  the  Folsom- 
street  property,  and,  in  place  of  the  present 
structure  on  Larkin  street,  to  erect  a  costly 
building  for  a  library  and  renting  purposes.  To 
carry  out  this  plan,  they  must  sell  the  Post- 
atreet  property  and  meet  the  balance  required 
by  creating  a  bonded  debt  of  between  one  and 
two  millions. 

To  this  plan  many  object,  and  the  "  Mem- 
bers' Ticket "  nominees  are  pledged  to  the  fol- 
lowing: 

To  continue  the  holding  of  fairs  in  the  Pavilion 
on  Larkin  street  until  it  becomes  necessary  to  re- 
place the  same  by  a  more  permanent  structure  for 
fairs  and  library  purposes. 

To  sell  the  Folsom-street  property  at  the  earliest 
favorable  moment  compatible  with  the  interests  of 
the  institute. 

To  oppose  the  creation  of  a  large  bonded  indebt- 
edness for  buildings  or  for  speculation  in  real  estate. 

To  relieve  the  institute  of  its  present  indebtedness 
as  soon  as  possible,  and  carry  out  the  objects  for 
which  it  was  organized. 

To  make  such  ch^inges  in  the  constitution  and 
by-laws  as  will  prevent  quarterly  meetings  being 
made  packed  conventions  at  times  of  election. 

To  abolish  the  present  practice  of  trustees  making 
awards  of  prizes  in  violation  of  committee  reports, 
which  practice  is  productive  of  injustice  and*un- 
friendiy  feeling. 

To  prohibit  trustees  from  making  exhibits  at  fairs 
for  competition. 

To  increase  the  supply  of  books  in  the  library, 
and  furnish  greater  accommodations  for  the  chess 
and  reading  rooms  and  instruction  classes. 


Montana  has  more  than  12,000  bona  fide 
mining  claims  recorded,  Bivelopment  work 
on  these  claims  ranges  from  SlOO  up  to  a  million. 
Extraordinary  activity  prevails  in  the  mining 
industry  of  the  State. 


Feb.  22,  1890. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


135 


Reopening  a  Caved  Mine. 

Id  UbI  week's  Press,  brief  refereoce  was 
made  to  the  general  method  adopted  for  re- 
openiog  the  Tilly  FoBter  irOD  mioe,  Putnam 
Co.,  N.  Y.  The  plan  was  very  bold  Id  deeigD, 
■od  waa  txcuated  promptly.  The  mine  was 
worked  in  a  deenltory  way  antil  the  old  Byatem 
of  mining  ooold  no  longer  be  poraued.  The 
old  ayatem  oonaiated  in  sinking  on  the  ore  body 
from  thQ  aorface  to  the  1G5  foot  level,  and  leav- 
ing ore-piilara  to  support  the  hanging  wall,  the 
vein  being  over  100  feet  wide  at  this  level*  and 
the  overhaDg,  in  places,  nearly  50  foet.  When 
these  pillars  proved  inadequate,  and  oaves  oc- 
curred, both  ore  and  rock  were  removed  from 
the  pit  and  the  ore  assorted  on  the  binks,  pre* 
cautions  being  taken  to  prevent,  by 
the  ereotioD  of  dry  masonry  and  cement 
walls,  the  spread  of  these  caves  at  the 
enda  of  the  pit. 

Mr.  F.  H.  McDowell  of  Now  York 
described  before  the  American  loetitate 
of  Mining  Engineers  the  method  by 
which  the  mine  was  reopened,  stating 
that  the  oredit  for  bringing  the  opera- 
tion to  Boooess  was  doe  to  E  B.  Moffat, 
general  manager,  and  Ctinton  Stephens, 
contractor. 

After  the  pit  was  exhaoeted,  new  workings 
were  opened  below  the  lt)5-foot  level  by  means 
of  inclines  sunk  on  the  footwall,  which  baa  a 
slope  of  about  60".  Stations  were  cut  and 
drifts  were  mn  right  and  left  along  the  foot- 
wall  at  every  100  feet  in  depth,  and  crosaouta 
were  made  to  the  haogiog<wall,  with  upraises 
into  chambers,  20  feet  wide,  leaving  pillars  20 
feet  thick  and  floors  from  15  to  25  Feet  thick. 
Then  an  effort  was  made  to  rob  the  mine  of  its 
pillars,  firat,  byspiinging  brick  arches  at  the 
south  end  from  foot  to  hangiog-wall,  to  take 
the  place  of  the  pillars,  and  later,  by  drawing 
the  ore  from  the  chambers  after  caves  had  been 
developed   in  both   floors  and   pillars.      These 


from  a  verticil  petition  to  an  irolioatton  of  one 
foot  horizontal  in  six  feet  vertical. 

No  d:t£oLilty  has  been  experit  need  in  secur. 
iog  good  strong  natural  na'ls.  To  remove  the 
ore  frtim  the  pit,  at  the  auifioe,  *team  dertiokn 
are  u»ed,  and  ncroas  the  cut  oiblea  are  stretch 
ed.  Oo  eauh  cable  Is  a  tro  lev  in'ivcd  back  and 
forth  by  a  traveliag  np-.  Tnu  car  bodies  are 
li''i'd  from  the  trucke  aud  towered  to  the  pit, 
exchanged  for  leaded  ones,  which  ure  hoisted  to 


charged  to    cover  the  stripping   and    incidental 
expecBPs. 

Hydraulicking  Slides. 

A*  Tjnnol  N:"  9,  near  DjHa,  Shasta  Co.,  on 
the  O.'egon  Itne  ot  railroad,  tbey  have  bad  a 
srcat  dual  of  trouble  this  winter.  The  land- 
nlidea  have  been  of  large  extent,  and  hundreds 
of  men  have  been  for  weeks   trying  to  olesr  the 


that  ordinary  hydraolio  mines  use,  but  there  is 
little  doubt  that  they  oan  wash  away  the  loose 
earth  faster  than  tbey  oould  shovel  it. 

The  hydraulic  process  was  used  In  railroading 
feveral  years  ago  on  the  C.  P.  at  Towles.  A 
big  slide  of  wet,  heavy  olay  which  coald  not  be 
handled  by  ebovela  came  across  the  track.  The 
Towles  Bros,  ran  some  pipes  to  the  spot  and  the 
elide  was  quickly  hydranlicked  off. 

The  Debris  Commission. 

Toe  U,  S.  Debris  Commisaioners  have  been 
misquoted  in  the  statemente  that  they  are  aboat 
ready  to  file  their  report.  One  of  the  Commis- 
aioners told  the  editor  of  the  Mininc;  and  Sci- 
entific Pkess  recently  that  the  report  would 
not  be  ready  before  the  end  of  the  year.  Wbat 
this  report  will  he  of  course  no  one  knows, 
probably  not  even  the  Commiesioaers  them- 
selves as  yet.  Sbill,  as  these  gentlemen  are  en- 
glneera  with  no  prfjadioes  for  Or  against  the 
conflicting  indnstries,  tbey  will  look  upon  the 
subject  from  an  engineering  point  of  view.  This 
being  the  oase^  they  can  scarcely  report  that 
debris  cannot  be  held  by  dams  when  tbey  have 
personally  seen  great  beds  of  debris  behind 
such  dams  as  have  been  already  built  by  the 
miners.  The  contrary  statements  of  interested 
and  inexperienced  peraons  will  hardly  be  con- 
sidered of  much  importance  In  view  of  these  facts. 

Should  these  CommlsBlonere  report  that  the 
heavier  debris  can  be  impounded  and  thus  be 
prevented  from  injuring  the  rivers,  the  question 
of  the  **  riling"  of  the  waters  by  the  lighter 
material  will  then  be  considered.  As  cultivat- 
ing  the  soil,  the  outtieg  away  of  wood  and 
bruah,  and  the  tramping  of  stock  all  confessedly 
have  their  inflaenoea  also  in  the  muddying  of 
the  waters  of  the  rivers,  one  party  to  the  con- 
test may  be  held  responsible  with  the  other  in 
this  regard. 

If  these  engineers  are  fully  convinced,  and  so 
report,  that  the  hydraulic   mines  oan  be  oper- 


Fig.4. 


SECTION   B.(FIG.  I.J 


efforts  failed,  as  did,  in  turn,  every  other 
Bcheme  devised  for  the  extraction  of  the  re- 
serves. The  situation  called  for  heroic  meae- 
urep;  and  the  plan  finally  adopted  necesaitated 
the  handling  of  over  500,000  tons  of  rock, 
with  the  expenditure  of  more  than  $250,000. 

Fig.  1  is  a  plan,  and  Figs.  2,  3  and  4  are  sec- 
tions selected  from  fifty  taken  100  feet  apart 
throughout  the  length  of  the  deposit.  It  will 
be  seen  that  the  scheme  adopted  necessarily  in- 
volved stripping  to  the  165-foot  level  at  all 
points.  In  some  parte  of  the  mine  the  etripping 
was  even  deeper.     The  new  hanging- wall  varies 


SECTION    C.(FIG.1J 

PLAN    AND    SECTIONS    OF    THE    TILLY    F08TEK    MINE. 


the  surface,  lowered  on  the  trucks  and  run  out 
to  the  dumps.  They  handle  1000  tons  in  10 
hours.  An  engraving  showing  this  method  of 
working  waa  given  in  the  Press  Nov.  23,  1889, 
page  391.  The  shipping  ore  is  now  mined  by 
the  contractors  for  from  85  cents 'to  ^$1  p°r  ton, 
the  lean  ore  being  delivered  to  the  dump  at 
rock  prices,  which  are  from  $1,15  to  $145  per 
cubic  yard,  according  to  the  level  hoisted 
from. 

The  undertaking  has  been  hatred  upon  the  ex. 
pected  recovery  of  600.000  tons  of  shipping 
ore,  against  which  a  royalty  of   $1    per   ton    is 


track.  Just  about  the  time  they  had  removed 
the  great  mass  of  earth,  the  rains  brought  down 
another  slide  about  as  big  as  the  first  one.  It 
was  then  determined  to  try  aluicing  the  small 
mountain  of  earth  away  by  the  hydraulic  min- 
ing process.  A  complete  hydraulic  outfit  was 
secured  here,  and  aseisbant  general  manager 
Gurtis  went  up  with  it.  There  is  no  conven- 
ient elevated  water  supply  to  which  pipes 
can  be  laid  to  uae  the  force  of  gravity,  and  so  a 
powerful  pump  will  be  set  np  by  the  river  close 
by  to  force  the  stream  from  the  giant  nozzle. 
Of  course  they  cannot  get  the   force   this   way 


SECTION    E.(FIG.  1.} 


ated,  with  suitable  restrictions,  and  by  provid- 
ing suitable  settling  reservoirs,  they  will, 
doubtless,  point  out  the  proper  methods  of 
constructing  such  reservoirs,  and  possibly  the 
respective  places  where  they  should  be  built, 
in  the  caee  of  large  mines.  Should  this  be  the 
result,  the  farmers  in  the  regions  affeoted  can 
scarcely  have  further  cause  of  complaint,  since 
It  is  certain  that  the  suggested  restrictions 
would  be  enforced.  In  fact,  the  miners  themi- 
selves  would  be  glad  to  take  any  steps  which 
would  permit  them  to  work  in  such  a  way 
as  not  to  interfere  with  the  business  of  others, 


136 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Feb.  22,  1890 


Academy  of  Sciences. 

At  the  regular  meeting  of    the    California 
Academy  of  Sciences  on  Monday  evening,  Dr. 
'  Harknese  presided. 

T.  H,  Vaiilit  and  J.  S.  Bunnell  were  .elected 
members  of  the  society,  and  C.  H.  Engenmann 
and  Gbarlee  Fiichs  were  proposed  for  member- 
ship. The  accessions  to  the  moseum  were:  A 
ooliectinii  of  fungi  from  Carl  Precht;'  specimen 
of  Amllyttoma  macrodaclylum,  donated  by  Dr. 
Toland;  four  shells  from  Lower  California,  by 
T.  S.  ISindfgee;  iaseote  from  Durango,  Mex., 
by  C.  A.  Hamilton,  through  H.  S.  Darden; 
three  specimen  of  Salmonicie  and  one  abnormal 
head  of  a  salmon,  by  Cbarles  H.  Ohm;  one  fos 
sil  molar  o!  Elephas  primigeniua  from  Ala- 
meda, by  J.  L,  O.  Hamilton. 

A  paper  was  read  by  Dr.  H.  H.  Behr  on  the 
genus  Amhlystoma  and  its  allies  (salamander, 
menopoma,  water-dog,  axoloti),  and  was  illus- 
trated by  a  rare  specimen  from  the  alkaline 
waters  of  Medicine  lake.  Wash.,  presented  by 
Dr.  Toland.  The  marked  dliCtepanoy  in  the 
external  appearance  of  the  young  of  animals  of 
this  class  from  the  adult  ones  started  a  disonssion 
on  an  analogofts  discrepancy  between  the  young 
and  adult  salmon.  In  the  discussion  which 
followed.  Dr.  Behr  stated  that  the  difference 
between  salmon  and  trout  consisted,  in  one 
particular,  in  that  the  salmon  leads  a  marine 
life  and  spawns  in  fresh-water  streams  during 
the  months  after  Christmas,  while  the  trout, 
living  and  spawning  in  fresh  water  and  only  ex- 
ceptionally entering  the  sea,  has  its  spawning 
season  before  Christmas.  This  statement  was 
indorsed  by  Prof.  Townsend  of  the  Fiah  Com- 
mission steamer  Albatross,  who  added  an  ioter- 
estiog  observation  in  regard  to  the  tenacity  of 
life  in  Menopoma,  an  animal  related  to  Am- 
hlystoma. 

Cipt.  I.  N.  Thayer  read  a  paper  on  modarn 
shipbuilding  and  the  increase  of  oil-tank  steam- 


RUBBER  FACTORY. 


yiicational. 


Monarch  Belting. 

The  Piles  of  thlB  Belt  are 

UNITED  by  COTTON  RIVETS 

Which  hold  them  firmly  together. 

Each  Eivet  is  Independent 

And  Follows  the  Stretoh, 

THERE  ARE  NO  STITCHES 

TO  BREAK,  and 

The   Belt    has   a   Smooth 
Surface. 


PRACTICAL 

Books  on  Mining 

AND  IRRIGATION. 

Descriptive  Catalogue  aod  Circulara  of  Boobs  relatiop; 
to  Assaying,  Mining,  Electricity  and  Mechanical  Engineer- 
ing, sent  free  on  application. 

=   «.  ■^-M-SPQN.  Publishers, 

12  Cortlanat  St.,  i-.«T«--»r-o-™...-_ 


HORACE  D.  RAJiLETT, 

Ores,  MiQing,  and  CommissioD, 

420  Montgomery  St.,  S.  P. 

Ships  under  advances  to  smelting  works  in  Boston, 
New  York,  Baltimore  and  Liverpool. 

Twenty-one  years'  experience  in  Shipping  Ores  and 
Managing  Uiues. 

Solicits  Consignments  of  Copper  Produce  and  Manage- 
■  ment  of  Min'ng  Matters. 

All  business  conducted  on  Cash  Basis. 

Purchase  and  shipment  of  Mininu  Supplies  a  Spkcialtt. 

Sales  of  Developed  Copper  Mines  undertaken. 

Business  Manager  of  UwION  COPPER  MINE,  Copper- 
opolis,  Cal.;  NEWTON  COPPER  MINE,  Amador  Co.,  Cal. 


Hose,  Belting,  Packing,  Etc. 

ALL  KINDS  OF  RUBBER  GOODS  MADE  TO  ORDER  IN  A  FEW  HOURS. 

W  F.  BOWERS  &  CO  .  409  MarketSt..  San  Francisco. 


L.  C.  MARSHUTZ 


T.  O.  CANTRELL. 


NATIONAL  IRON  WORKS 

N.  W.  Corner  Main  and  Howard  Sts.,  San  Francisco, 

MANUFACTURERS     OF 

Stationary  and  Compound  Engines,  Flour,  Sugar,  Saw 
and  Quartz  Mill  Machinery. 

AMALGAMATING  MACHINES.     CASTINGS  AND  FORGINGS  Z,c?,lft1^. 

ALL    WORK    TESTED    AND    GUARANTEED. 

IMPROVED    PORTABLE    HOISTING    ENGINES. 


OF 

ASSAYING    AND    GHBMISTBY, 
Rooms  46  8!  47,  )  628  MoDtoomery  St., 

2d  Floor  Montgomery  Bl'k.  f       dan  Francisco, 
AIpo,  Evening  OlaBBsB,  7  to  10  n'olock. 

JOHN  T.  EVANS,  M.  A.,  PrlnoipaL 


School  of  Practical,  Civil,  Mechanical  and 
MINING  ENGINEERING, 

Snrveyiiig,  ArcMtectnre,  Drawing  and  Assaying 

723    MARKET    STREET, 

The  History  Building,  San  Frai^cisco,  Cal. 

A,  VAN  DER  NAILLEN,  President. 

Assaying  of  Ores,  326;  Bullion  and  Chlorination  Assay, 
?26;  Blowijipe  Assay,  SIO.     Full  course  of  assaying,  (60, 

i^Send  for  circular. 


HEALDS 


BUSINESS     OOLLEGE, 

24  POST  ST..  S.  P. 

FOB  SBVBNTY-FITS  DOI.I.ABS  THIS 
College  iDBtructs  Id  Shorthand,  Type  Writing,  Book- 
leepfng,  Telegraphy,  PemuuiBhlp,  Drawing,  all  the  £d- 
^lisb  btaDohes,  and  everything  pertaining  to  busineBS, 
tor  etx  fall  montha.  We  have  eixteen  teacherB,  and  give 
individual  iDstruotloD  to  all  our  pupilB.  Our  school  has 
its  graduateB  In  every  part  of  the  Swte. 
jarSnin)  FOR  CiRonLAB. 

E.  P.  HBALD.  Freflldeat. 
O.  S,   HALKY.  SeorofaMT 


Great  Variety  of  SHOT  GTTNS,  RIFLES, 

etc.    Breech-Loaders  from  S4  to  SIOO. 
SEND   STAMPS    FOR    PRICE    LISTS. 

GEO.  W.  SHREVE, 

525  Kearny  Street,        San  Francisco,  CaL 


FOR  SALE  CHEAP. 


One  new  double  circular  Sawmill  to  carry  60-inch  bot- 
tom saw,  with  wrought-iron  hangers  for  top  saw.  Fric- 
tion feed-works,  patent  steel  screw  double-throw  head- 
blocks,  with  track  iron,  eaw  carriage  and  frame  complete. 

BISDON  IRON  &  LOCOMOTIVE  WORKS, 

San  Francisco,  Cal. 


Tioga  District   Mining  Company, 

Incorporated  June  11, 1889.    Capital  Stock,  $10,000,000 
BUY  AND  SELL 

California  Gold,  Sliver, Quicksilver,  Copper 
and  Lead  Mines 

OP    ASCERTAINED    VALUE. 

Office,  No.  IS  PARROTT'S  BUILDING,  N.  W. 

Corner  of  California  and  Montgomery  Streets, 

SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 

WM.  B.  WIGHTMAN.  Pres.      WM.  H.  V.  CRONISE,  See. 


One  Ohmen's    12sl2   Automatic   Engine; 
best  style  in  ubr    Also,  1  Boiler  4S  in.xlflft.  Both  nearly 
now.    Apply  to     J.  W.  QDICK,  221  First  St., 
(Top  Floor)  San  Francisco,  Oal. 


NATIONAL  ROCKER  aUARTZ  MILL. 

KENDALL'S  PATENT,  AUGUST  24,  loqa. 
C-a.I'-A.CJinr-Sr,    12     ■I'ou.s     ±xx     2-3,     XZo-u.:,^^.      3    ^.    I». 

MARSHUTZ  &  CANTRELL,  Sole  Manufaeturors. 

The  Patentee  and  M-nufacturers 
cordially  invite  miners  to  cniioaiiy 
examine  and  pass  judgment  upon 
thia  improved  system  of  milling 
and  amalgamating  ores  in  the  fol- 
lowing particulars: 

1.  The  cost  is  less  than  one-half  of 
stampH  of  same  capacity. 

2.  The  freight  to  mine  ia  less  than 
one-half  of  stamps. 

3.  The  cost  of  erecting  is  less  than 
one-fourth  of  stamps. 

4.  The  power  to  drive  itis  less  than 
one-half  of  atamps. 

5.  The  wear  is  less  than  one-quar- 
ter of  atamps. 

6.  There  is  no  wear  except  on 
shoes  and  dies. 

7.  In  point  of  amalgamation  it  is 
superior  to  any  other  machine 
in  use. 

8.  In  its  simplicity  of  construction. 

We  challenge  competition  with 
Stamps,  Ball  Pulverizers  or  and 
other  ore  cruahing  machines  now 
before  the  publia 

J^Send  for  Circulars  and  Price  List.  MARSHUTZ    &    OANTRELL. 


THE    PI0XX:ER    COMMERCIAI.    iSCHOOI. 


L.IFS:  SCHOI.ABSHIPS,  $75. 

No  YAOATIONB.  Day  and  BVBNlNe  SBSBIOffB. 

Ladies  admitted  into  all  Departments. 
Address:    T.  A.  BOBINSON.  M.  A..  Preatdenti. 


FRANCIS  SMITH  &  CO. 


Manufacturers  of 


Sheetlron  and  Steel 


ALL    SIZES. 

130  Beale  Street,         San  Francisco,  Cal 

I'on  cut,  punched  and  formed,  for  making  pipe  on 
ground.  AH  kinds  of  Tools  supplied  for  making  Pipe. 
Estimates  glv^n  Are  prepared  for  coating  all  sizes  of 
Pipe  with  a  compooition  of  Coal  Tar  and  Asphaltum. 


The  Best  Mining  District 

On  the  Pacific  Coast  • 

GRASS    VALLEY,  OAL. 


BY    USING 

WATER  POWER  TRANSMITTED  BY  ELECTRICITY 

To  Run  your   Mills,   Hoists   and   Trams. 

For  Circalar  giving  particulars  send  to 

KEITH     ELECTRIC    CO., 

—  MANIIFAOTURBBS  OF  — 

Apparatus  for  Electric  Light  and  Electric  Power, 

OFFICE,  40  NEVADA  BLOCK, 

Factory,  Stevenson  St.,  bet.  First  and  Ecker,  SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 


THE  BEST  NEWSPAPER  published  in  the  district  is 

Daily  and  Weekly  edition.  Gives  all  the  Mining  News. 
Dealers  in  Mining  Machinery  and  Mining  Supplies  will 
find  THE  TIDINGS  the  beat  medium  for  directly  reach- 
ing the  owners  or  managtrs  of  mines.  Investors  in 
mines  will  flod  it  to  their  advantage  to  subscribe. 

Many  mines  are  in  successful  operation,  and  new 
enterprises  are  being  instituted  and  many  others  are  in 
contemplation. 

DAILY,  $6  00  a  year;  WEEKLY,  82.50,  in  advance. 


The  Celebrated  H.  H.  H  Liniment. 


The  H.  H.  H.  Iilnlment  Is  for  the  treatment  of 
he  Aches  and  Faina  of  Humanity,  as  well  as  for  the  ail- 
ments of  the  beasts  of  the  fields.  Testimonials  from 
Importers  and  breeders  of  blooded  stock  prove  its  won- 
derful curative  properties.  No  man  has  ever  used  It  for 
an  ache  or  pain  ana  been  dissatisfied. 

H.  H.  HOORE  &  SONS,  Stockton,  Cal..  Proprietors. 
Fob  Salb  bt  all  DaireaiSTS. 


Smelter  For  Sale  or  Exchange. 

One  60-ton,  wrought  iron,  water-jacket  Smelting  Fur- 
nace (36"xe0"  at  the  tuyeres)  of  the  latest  design,  wih 
Crusher,  Blower,  Boiler,  Pumps,  Engines,  Tools,  and 
everything  complete  for  immediate  delivery,  and  only 
used  about  six  months.  Cheap  for  cash,  or  will  exchange 
for  interest  in  a  Lead-Silver  Mine,  or  erect  in  any  mining 
camp  that  will  guarantee  a  certain  output.  For  further 
particulars  address  Box  28,  Etkhom,  Montana, 


Feb.  22,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press, 


137 


Washington's  Birthday. 

It  IB  interestiDg  to  notice  how  much  assO' 
oiatioD  baa  to  do  in  giving  fragranoe  to  mem- 
ory and  Imagination.  When  the  old  man  goes 
baok  to  the  place  of  his  childhood,  he  feeli 
yoong  again.  No  true  American  can  visit  the 
■pot  on  the  Lexington  common  "  where  the  em- 
battled farmers  stood,  and  fired  the  shot  heard 
ronnd  the  world,"  or  walk  OTer  the  fields  of 
Camden,  Monmouth  or  Vorktown,  and  not 
feel  afresh  the  spirit  of  patriotism  stir  and 
thrill  blm.  It  is  a  breath  of  fresh  air  from 
the  great  moaotaina.  The  fact  is,  there  le 
nothing  in  history  that  inspires  like  a  noble 
personal  example.  Ideas  must  be  embodied  in 
order  to  live.  This  is  why  we  are  always  look- 
ing aboat  for  someone  ahead  taller  than  the 
rest  that  we  may  nominate  as  oar  leader  in  pol- 
itics or  religion.  When  we  find  him,  we  throw 
np  oar  caps,  beat  the  dram  and  kindle  bon- 
fires. We  shall  never  get  over  our  love  of 
heroes,  and  hero-worship  la  a  sort  of  religion. 
So  from  the  north  to  the  soath,  from  the  east 
to  the  west,  in  all  towns,  and  villages,  and 
cities,  in  schools  and  ooUeges,  cornea  the  spon- 
taneous homage  to  that  most  perfect  embodi- 
ment of  onr  national  ideal,  the  name  of  George 
Washington. 

History,  which  chronicles  the  long  struggle  of 
the  Colonies  for  liberty,  records  the  eloquent 
words  and  noble  deeds  of  many  a  statesman, 
patriot  and  warrior,  bat  they  all  group  them- 
selves around  this  central  figure.  The  history 
of  Washington  is  familiar  reading  to  every 
schoolboy,  bat  aa  we  go  to  press  upon  the  eve 
of  a  national  holiday,  the  anniversary  of  the 
birth  of  Waahiogton,  we  cannot  forbear  to  no- 
tice one  or  two  salient  points  in  hia  character, 
that  should  be  held  in  lasting  remembranoe. 

When  the  flash  of  feverish  excitement,  caused 
by  the  heroism  of  Banker  Hill  and  the  Declara- 
tion of  Independence  had  subsided,  and  the 
haggard  face  of  war  became  more  visible,  Wash- 
ington saw  what  no  one  elee  aeems  bo  clearly  to 
have  seen  at  that  time,  that  the  euccess  of  the 
Colonies  did  not  depend  upon  grand  strategy, 
brilliant  movements,  winning  a  battle  now  and 
then,  but  on  the  ability  of  the  people  to  wear 
oat  the  patience  and  exhaust  the  military  re- 
Bources  of  Great  Britain  by  delay.  This  slow, 
conservative,  Fabian  policy,  aa  it  la  called,  re- 
quired a  master  mind  carefully  to  carry  it 
through.  The  hope  and  oonfidence  of  the  peo- 
ple is  inoUned  to  be  fickle  and  can  only  be  kept 
alive  by  dramatic  movements  and  dazzling  aac- 
oesa.  Hence  the  dashing  Gates  at  Saratoga  for 
awhile  was  the  idol  of  the  people.  Eren  many 
in  Congress  clamored  for  his  elevation  to  su- 
preme command.  Washington  was  too  slow  for 
them.  How  hia  faith  and  patience  mast  have 
been  taxed  during  that  terrible  winter  at  Val- 
ley Forge,  or  while  retreating  with  his  ragged, 
barefoot  army  across  Jersey  before  the  well-fed 
and  warmly-clad  soldiers,  of  Lord  Howe.  The 
people  were  in  despair  and  the  soldiers  were 
deserting.  The  army  cheat  was  empty  ;  there 
was  no  commisaary  department.  Many  In 
Congress  were  plotting  Washington's  supersed- 
ure.  But  throagh  all  this  gloomy  period, 
Waahiogton  waa  calm,  serene,  and  never  lost 
faith  in  the  ultimate  triumph  of  liberty.  He 
paid  no  attention  to  the  intrigaea  and  slander 
of  hia  enemies.  He  had  no  time  nor  disposi- 
tion to  counterplot.  He  trusted  the  oaaae. 
He  trusted  in  the  instincts  of  the  people.  He 
was  the  soul  of  the  Revolution.  His  peraonal 
presence  and  magnetism  was  felt  from  the  cen- 
ter to  the  circamferenoe  of  the  land,  oaat  a 
ray  of  hope  orer  all  days  of  darknesa,  holding 
the  army  and  people  intact  by  the  majeety  of 
bis  faith  and  example,  till  victory  crowned  the 
new-made  flag  at  Yorktown. 

We  have  always  thought  that  the  greatnesa 
of  Washington  most  fully  appeared  after  the 
war  was  over,  when  the  oonntry  hung  on  the 
ragged  and  perilouB  edge  of  chaos  and  anarchy. 
Called  to  preside  over  a  new  Government,  fill 
the  offices  for  the  first  time  and  put  into  motion 
a  new  piece  of  political  machinery,  and  that  at 
a  time  of  general  doubt  and  distrust,  was  a 
formidable  task  that  may  well  have  awed  the 
stoutest  heart.  Washington  satisfaotorily  ac- 
complished the  taak  for  the  reason  that  he  had 
no  sinister  aims  to  secure,  no  pledgee  to  re- 
deem, no  hungry  partiaans  to  feed,  no  enemiea 
to  punish.  In  the  formation  of  hie  Cabinet, 
his  nominations  for  the  judiciary  and  all  places 
of  trust  and  profit,  he  looked  over  the  whole 
field,  sought  for  the  best  man  irrespective  of 
political  opinions. 

All  we  need  to  complete  the  glory  and  pros- 
perity of  thlB  land  is  a  reviral  of  that  sort  of 
patriotism  as  characterized  Washington,  the 
man '*  first  in  war,  first  in  peace,  and  first  in 
the  hearts  of  his  ooantrymen." 


Shop  I]otes. 


Something  Worth  Careful  Thought. 

There  is  something  worthy  of  Interest  and 
oarefnl  thought  by  every  workman  in  every 
part  of  the  country.  It  is  a  question  which  is 
just  now  greatly  agitating  the  country  in  po- 
litical oirclea;  but  it  is  one  which  is  fast  being, 
taken  out  of  politics  and  considered  on  its  real 
merlte.  It  is  to  the  interest  of  every  work- 
man, and  especially  to  tvery  mechanic,  that 
there  should  be  a  steady  and  the  fullest  pos- 
sible demand  for  labor  in  every  branclv  of  in- 
dostry.  Suoh  a  condition  can  be  brought  about 
only  by  government  protection  to  labor— a 
prevention  of  the  importation  of  every  article 
that  can  as  well  be  made  here,  even  at  the  coat 
of  a  small  advance  of  price. 

There  is  labor  in  every  pound  of  iron,  every 
yard  of  cloth,  every  bale  of  hemp,  flax  and  wool 
imported  from  abroad,  and  to  the  extent  of 
such  importation  is  the  demand  for  home  labor 
reduced.  Without  a  tariff  the  inevitable  re- 
sult will  be  that  the  standard  of  wages  paid  in 
this  country  mast  be  lowered  to  somewhere 
near  the  level  of  wages  paid  abroad.  Thia  it 
must  be,  or  no  work  at  all  upon  such  articles 
aB  foreigners  are  willing  to  make  cheaper  than 
we  are  now  making  them.  Owners  of  fac- 
tories, whose  products  are  underaold  by  cheap- 
er-made foreign  products,  will  go  out  of  busi- 
nesa  anlcBS  wages  come  down  so  aa  to  enable 
them  to  suooessfully  compete.  In  the  event 
that  they  are  forced  to  cloae,  workmen  now  in 
their  employ  will  have  to  look  elsewhere  for 
work,  and,  in  getting  it,  will  crowd  all  the 
harder  the  lists  of  those  indastries  that  may 
survive.  This  view  hae  both  experience  and 
common  sense  for  ita  snpport.  No  matter  what 
free-trade  theorists  may  say,  there  never  has 
been,  and  never  can  be,  found  any  other  way 
of  keeping  out  foreign  goode  to  take  the  place 
of  those  produced  by  our  own  workmen  except 
by  that  kind  of  protection  which  actually  pro- 
teota. 


the  weight  of  rim  for  a  fly  wheel  a  certain  con- 
stant Is  used,  some  use  6,000,000,  and  othei% 
give  greater  weight  and  some  leaa.  The  oon- 
stant  used  is  multiplied  by  tho  indicated  horse- 
power and  the  product  divided  by  the  diameter 
of  the  wheel  in  feet  times  the  equare  of  number 
of  revolutions  per  minpte.  The  general  prac- 
tice is  to  use  a  lower  constant  than  above,  be- 
tween 4,500,000  and  5.000,000. 


Shafting, — Some  are  fend  of  turning  down 
the  end  of  a  shaft  whenever  they  wish  to  couple 
on  to  one  that  is  of  a  smaller  size,  but  this  ia 
not  considered  good  practice,  as  it  weakens  the 
shaft  too  much;  all  the  spring  and  bend  comes 
in  the  weakest  place,  and  this  is  found  close  up 
to  the  shoulder  where  the  shaft  generally 
breaks.  Better  turn  a  long,  tapering  neck,  or 
use  what  is  better,  a  reducing  coupling  bored 
out  on  purpose  without  the  atd  of  a  buahiog. 
Unless  every  bearing  ie  in  line  and  on  the  same 
level,  the  shafting  is  being  driven  as  if  there 
was  a  break  on  one  of  the  shaft  pulleye;  the 
more  the  bearings  are  out  of  true  the  more  the 
break  ie  at  work  resisting  every  effort  to  turn 
it,  and  constant  care  should  be  exercised  in 
keeping  the  shafting  straight  while  any  portion 
of  a  mill  is  settling. — Boston  Jounial  of  Com- 
merce, 

An  Inventor's  Reward. — By  his  rare  in- 
ventive genius,  a  Oollegeville  machiniat  baa 
suddenly  come  into  pOBsession  of  a  snug 
fortune.  His  name  is  Clans  H.  Van  Hagen, 
and  he  haa  devised  a  machine  to  forge  twist 
drills,  for  which  the  Chester  Twist  Drill  &  Tool 
Company  has  paid  him  $25,000  in  cash  and 
$05,000  in  stock.  In  addition  to  this  he  has 
been  appointed  to  the  position  of  superintend- 
ent of  the  Chester  works,  for  which  he  will 
receive  a  weekly  salary  of  $50.  He  has  all  his 
life  been  a  poor  man,  and  during  the  13  years 
that  he  haa  been  at  work  on  his  inveution,  he 
haa  gone  ioto  debt  to  the  amount  of  $10,000  or 
more.  He  is  a  German  by  birth,  havmg  come 
to  this  country  30  years  ago. 


The  Weight  of  Machine  Tools. 

A  few  years  ago  there  was  oonaiderable  argu- 
ment in  favor  of  largely  increaaing  the  weight 
of  machine  tools,  but  little  seems  to  have  come 
of  this  argument.  It  is  safe  to  say  that  nine 
out  of  ten  machine  tools  on  the  market  to-day 
are  lighter  than  they  should  be  for  the  best 
economy,  but  builders  will  go  on  building  Jight, 
weak  tools,  because  they  will  sell.  When  it 
comes  to  putting  $50  more  stock  in  a  lathe,  for 
example,  the  question  of  getting  paid  for  the 
extra  stock  ia,  m  these  times  of  close  competi- 
tion, a  very  important  one.  When  purchaeers 
are  willing  to  pay  for  heavy  tools,  they  will 
find  builders  willing  to  make  them.  Bat  the 
demand  mast  precede  the  supply.  When  it 
comes  to  getting  hard  work  out  of  a  machine 
tool.  10  per  cent  extra  cost  does  not  amount  to 
much,  but  when  it  ia  a  question  of  selling  a  tool 
that  coats  ten  per  cent  more  than  another, 
it  ia  uphill  business.  The  manufacturera  of 
machine  tools  must  look  at  the  commercial  side 
of  the  matter,  to  the  exclusion  of  other  con- 
siderations. 

A  bright  manufacturer  of  machine  tools,  in 
England,  aaid,  not  long  eince,  to  the  writer  : 
'*  You  in  America  are  neither  better  nor  worse 
than  we  are  in  regard  to  strength  of  machine 
tools,  except  that  I  believe  that  just  now  we 
are  moving  faster  in  the  direction  of  greater 
strength  than  you  are."  We  cannot  quote  him 
literally,  further,  but  his  argument  was  to  the 
effect  that  metal  ie  removed  slowly,  in  machine 
processes,  mainly  from  the  fact  that  machine 
tools  lack  *' backbone."  And  looking  at  the 
matter  fairly,  he  waa  right.  His  idea — and  it 
is  good — was  that  such  tools  should  be  made 
two  or  three  times  aa  heavy  aa  at  present,  and 
that  by  snch  construction  it  wo.  Vd  often  be 
possible  to  doable  the  speed  with  which  work 
could  be  machined. — American  Machinist. 


A  Good  Idea. — In  the  shops  of  Geo.  H. 
Richards  &  Co.,  Broadheath,  Eag.^  the  holes 
(or  centers  in  the  apindlea  of  lathes  of  a  certain 
claas  are  all  made  standard  size,  so  that  centers 
are  intei  changeable,  all  the  lathes  being  grouped 
in  aa  few  classes  as  is  practicable.  When  a 
center  in  use  is  eofficiently  worn,  or  is  broke, 
instead  of  repairing  it,  the  latheBman  takes  it  to 
the  tool-room  and  gets  another.  The  dilapi- 
dated centers  are  put  in  shape  in  the  tool-room, 
being  held  in  a  standard  hole  in  a  piece  that 
can  oe  attached  absolutely  true  to  the  face 
plate  of  a  grinding  machine.  It  is  the  work  of 
a  boy  to  grind  the  centers,  and  a  stock  of  each 
size  is  kept  on  hand. 

Selecting  Belts. — In  regard  to  the  selection 
of  belts  for  various  kinds  of  machinery,  an  en- 
gineer has  prepared,  in  general,  the  following 
advice  as  a  resnlt  of  conaiderable  expetleuoe  : 
Belts  of  a  light  color  should  bs  selected  in 
preference  to  darker  ones.  Superior  belting 
having  an  nnmistakable  light  buff  color  indi* 
catea  that  it  is  oak  tanned,  and  that  the  leather 
haa  been  thoroughly  washed.  This  removes  all 
matter  except  the  fiber.  This  light  color  is  an 
indication  that  only  the  beet  qaalities  of  greaae 
have  been  used.  An  inferior  quality  of  greaae 
not  only  impairs  the  quality  ot  che  leather,  but 
darkens  the  color. 


Gold  in  Suspension. 

Editobs  Prhss  : — Your  article  with  the  above 
caption  in  last  week's  Press,  conveying  the 
idea  that  gold  does  get  into  suBpeosion,  Is 
well  timed,  and  every  article  on  the  subject 
has  its  value  to  the  miners  for  the  simple  rea* 
son  that  it  creates  investigation.  It  must  ever 
be  kept  in  miud  that  each  year  brings  into  tho 
industrial  mining  field  a  new  body  of  opera- 
tors who,  if  they  seek  to  find  and  realize  the 
loss  of  metal  by  our  present  modes  of  working, 
will  be  commencing  in  the  right  direotion.  I 
note  that  you  quote  Mr.  Florence  O'DriecoU'a 
mode  of  ascertaioing  that  gold  ts-held  in  sus- 
pension. In  reading  Mr,  O'DrlBcoU's  book 
(Notes  on  the  Treatment  ot  Gold  Ores,  published 
10  London,  1S80),  I  waa  impressed  with  the 
following  remarks': 

"  One  of  the  most  remarkable  features  notice- 
able when  dealing  with  this  subject  (i^old)  is 
that  although  decades  of  centuries  have  passed 
since  hiatory  tells  ua  of  the  methode  employed 
in  saving  gold,  the  aame  principles  are  still 
perpetuated,  and  the  fact  remaiuB  that  every 
piece  of  gold  saved  must  possese  the  inherent 
quality  of  withstandiog  a  rush  of  ^water  sink- 
log  through  it,  and  almalgamating  with  mer- 
cury, otherwise  it  will  be  washed  away  and 
practically  lost."  After  quoting  largely  of 
many,  many  tests,  as  made  m  various  localities 
of  Australia  and  other  oountries,  as  to  the  loss 
of  gold,  by  our  wet  aystem,  Mr.  O'DriscoU 
winds  up  as  follows  :  "  From  every  pait  of  the 
world  where  gold-mining  is  carried  out  the  tale 
is  the  same,"  Is  it  not  remarkable  that  such 
ia  thecaae  when  great  progress  is  made  and  ac- 
cepted in  all  things  but  saving  a  high  per  cent 
of  gold  ?  And  here  I  wish  to  make  an  unquali- 
fied declaration  that  there  never  will  be  a 
proper  percentage  of  gold  saved  In  our  general 
system  of  workiug  until  thia  present  mode  of 
toet  working  is  abandoned  and  all  handling  of 
gold  rock  is  by  a  dry  way. 

For  over  20  years  I  have  been  experimenting 
as  between  wet  and  dry,  and  presume  to  know 
whereof  I  speak.  Almarin  B.  Paul. 

San  Francisro,  F<b  ,  1S90 


A  MachineShop  ■  Elixir. — Wonderful  ac- 
counts are  related  of  the  effect  of  the  BO-called 
"Elixir  of  Life"  alleged  to  have  been  diBCOv- 
ered  by  Dr.  Brown-Sequard.  There  is  prob- 
ably a  good  deal  of  humbug  connected  with  It, 
if,  indeed,  it  is  not  all  humbug.  But  what  a 
great  thing  for  some  machine  shops  would  be 
an  elixir  which  could  be  injected  into  the  oil- 
holes  of  decrepit  drill-presses,  consumptive 
lathes  and  rheumatic  planera,  and  which  would 
renew  and  revivify  them,  fill  out  their  skeleton 
frames  into  eome  reaemblance  to  modern  pro- 
portions, and  make  them  a  little  better  able  to 
compete  with  their  younger  rivals  !  And  what 
a  boon  such  an  elixir  would  be  to  him  who  has 
been  employed  and  placed  in  a  responsible  posi- 
tion, in  the  expectation,  on  both  sides,  that 
methods  and  processes  were  to  be  greatly  im- 
proved and  produotion  cheapened,  yet  who 
finds  it  impossible  to  convince  hie  employer 
that,  in  order  to  do  thlB,  Bome  machines  must 
go  to  the  junk-shop  or  cupola  and  be  replaced 
by  others  of  more  modern  design  and  better 
fitted  for  competition. 


About  Fly  Wheels,— The  mistake  is  often 
made  of  having  a  fly  wheel  too  light  for  its 
work,  says  an  exchange,  and  good  regulation 
is  almost  imposaible  under,  such  conditions, 
since  when  the  speed  of  the  fly  wheel  is  reduced, 
the  momentum  is  not  proportionately  less  vary- 
ing aa  the  sj^uare  of  its  revolutions.    In  finding 


An  Observing  Man  once  noticed  a  wheel- 
wright at  work  with  a  measuring-wheel  who 
rolled  this  little  InBtrumenb  around  on  the  out- 
side of  a  tirelesB  wheel  and  determined  the 
proper  length  of  the  tire  iron.  From  thia  a 
wheel  bound  with  leather  was  devised,  so  as  to 
be  held  in  a  frame  and  geared  up  in  a  manner 
BO  as  to  show  t  he  number  of  feet  it  had  traveled 
per  minute.  By  holding  this  on  to  a  belt,  its 
speed  was  soon  determined  and  a  rough  esti- 
mate of  the  power  transmitted  could  be  de- 
cided upon  by  considering  each  inch  in  width 
good  for  a  driving  force  of  50  pounds. 

In  Flour-Mills,  it  will  be  found  a  good 
plan  to  set  each  set  of  rolls  a  few  feet  apart,  ao 
as  to  give  a  better  opportunity  to  distribute 
the  product  among  the  machineB  on  the  upper 
floors  of  the  building.  When  the  rolls  are  set 
too  close  together,  it  obliges  the  machinery 
above  to  be  huddled  together  in  the  same  way, 
which  makea  it  both  awkward  and  inconven- 
ient. For  all  mills  up  to  100  barrels'  capacity, 
three  double  sets  of  rolls  are  all  that  will  be 
used,  and  there  will  be  plenty  of  room  to 
spread  them  apart. 

Engineer's  Soap. — It  is  said  that  soft  soap, 
with  hall  ita  weight  in  pearl-ash,  one  ounce  of 
mixture  in  about  one  gallon  of  boiling  water,  is 
found  of  great  practical  value  in  engineers' 
shops,  in  the  drip-pans  used  for  turning  long 
articles  bright  in  iron  and  steel.  The  effect 
of  this  mode  of  treatment  is  that  the  work, 
though  constantly  moist,  does  not  rust.  Bright 
metals,  when  kept  immersed  in  it  till  wanted, 
retain  their  polish. 

Cooling  a  Journal.— An  ingenious  way  of 
cooling  a  journal  that  cannot  be  stopped  is  to 
hang  a  short,  endless  belt  on  the  shaft  next  to 
the  box,  and  let  the  lower  part  of  it  run  in  cold 
water.  The  turning  of  the  shaft  carries  the 
belt  slowly  round,  bringing  freah  cold  water 
continually  In  contact  with  the  heated  shaft 
without  spilling  or  spattering  a  drop  of  the 
water. 


List  of  D.  S.  Patents  for  Pacific  Coast 
Inventors. 

Beported  by  Dewey  Ss  Oo.,  Pioneer  Patent 
Solicitors  for  Pact&c  States. 

for  week  ending  feu.  ii,  1890. 

421,071.— Safetv  Bolt  for  Whii-i-letrees— 
p.  H.  Flynn,  Los  Angeles.  Cai. 

421.131.— Check  Hook  for  Harness— Geo.  E, 
Foster,  McPherson,  Cal. 

421,211.  -Elevated  Carrier— W.  P.  Walling, 
Santa  Monica,  Cal, 

The  following  brief  Hat  by  telegraph,  for  Feb.  IS,  will 
appear  more  complete  on  receipt  of  mail  advices: 

California— Daniel  Beet,  San  Leandro,  eteerlug- wheel 
carriage;  W.  F.  Bowers,  S.  F  ,  rotary  point;  E,  A.  .Coch- 
rane, ftseignor  of  half  to  E.  J.  Beach,  Pusadena,  pendu- 
lum bar  treadle;  F.  W.  Cook,  S.  F.,  sawdust  burner;  W. 
L.  Crooks,  Sonoma,  and  J.  Robin,  S.  F,,  hair  restorer; 
Oliver  J.  Fisk,  Conlterville,  wbifflatree  conneclion;  Tay- 
lor W.  Hcintzelman,  Sacramento,  drawftead;  Oyrua 
Packard,  Fresno,  guiding  attaGhment  for  agricultural 
implements;  James  Porteiis,  Fresno,  raiein-gfader; 
Samuel  H.  Pratt,  Brownsville,  shifter  for  yfaoK-eduerB; 
Henry  S.  Pugsley,  Oakland,  jjurnal-box  protector; 
Paul  Seller,  S,  h\,  visual  annunciator  for  hall  boxes; 
George  W.  Swan,  assignor  of  a  fourth  to  W.  B.  Kwer,  S. 
F. ,  mixing  apparatus;  Sidney  B,  Whiteside,  Loi  Angeles, 
duplex  lodger  ruler;  Ruel  W.  Whitney  and  B.  K.  Cow  lea, 
S.  F.,  mouthpiece  for  telephones. 

NOTB,—Copiea  of  U.  3.  and  Foreign  patents  furnished 
by  Dewey  &  Co.,  in  the  shortest  time  possible  (by  mail 
or  telegraphic  order).  American  and  Foreign  patents 
obtained,  and  general  patent  buainesa  for  Pacific  Coast 
inventors  transacted  with  perfect  security,  at  reasonable 
rates,  and  in  the  ahorteat  possible  time. 


The  Technical  Society. 

At  the  X&'-t  meeting  of  the  Technical  Society 
of  the  Paoifi^Cjaat,  Kibb  B.  Browne  and  Hans 
0.  B^hr  read  a  paper  desoriptive  of  experimenta 
made  with  Dr.  Pohle'a  air-lift  pump.  The 
naaohine  consists  of  an  engine,  a  receiver,  an 
air  pipe  and  a  water  column  into  which  the 
compressed  air  is  delivered.  The  compressed 
air  is  delivered  into  the  column  in  layers  lifting 
sections  of  water  and  air  alternately. 

The  paper  read  was  the  resatt  of  a  series  of 
praotical  experiments  made  by  the  authors, 
and  was  illustrated  by  tables  and  a  miniature 
pump  in  f^lass  and  rubber,  showius;  the  results 
to  bs  obtained  with  compressed  air  as  a  water 
lift.  A  large  volume  of  water  can  by  this 
means  be  raised  to  almost  any  hi^ht,  the  prac- 
tical limits  being  100  feet  at  a  single  lift.  But 
successive  lifts  may  be  made.  There  are  no 
pump  rods,  or  bobs,  or  valves  of  any  kind  in 
this  apparatus. 

The  effioiency  of  the  pump  is  demonstrated 
by  a  table  showiog  that  with  the  piston  regia< 
tering  270  strokes  and  tho  compreesor  working 
against  a  temperature  of  19.4  degrees,  the  com.* 
pressor  was  delivering  to  eaph  stroke  the  great 
amount  of  .084  pounds  of  air,  and  the  efficiency 
becomes  greater  with  the  reduction  of  the 
stroke.  The  authors  of  the  paper  weregivan  a 
vote  of  thanks. 


Belt  Movement. — There  isquiteadiflFerence 
ia  the  speed  of  a  belt  when  measured  on  the 
tight  and  on  the  slack  sides;  the  tight  side 
moves  faster.  The  difference  can  be  atttribated 
only  to  the  stretch  of  the  belt  on  the  tight  side. 

The  EUenaburg,  Wash.,  Board  of  Trade  has 
been  reorgantzed,  and  will  endeavor  to  start  up 
iron  manufaotures, 


138 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Feb.  22,  1890 


PARKE    &    LACY  COMPANY 


-IMPORTERS  AND  MANUFACTURBES  OF- 


MINING,    MILL    and    GENERAL     MACHINERY. 


ENGINES,  BOILERS,  STEAM  PUMPS, 

AIR  COMPRESSORS,  ROOK  DRILLS, 
WALL'S  CRUSHING  ROLLS, 

CONCENTRATORS,  PULVERIZERS, 
TURBINE  WATER  WHEELS, 

ROCK  BREAKERS,  DRY  JIGS. 

Bullock's  Diamond  Drills 


GOLDEN  GATE  CONCENTRATORS, 

GREATEST  CAPACITY  OF  ANY  CONCENTRATOR  MA3E, 
One  Machine  Taking  Pulp  Arom  10  Stamps. 


SAW    MILLS,    MACHINE    TOOLS, 
PLANING  MILLS,  INJECTORS  and  EJECTORS 
BELTING,  PACKING,  OILS,  LUBRICATORS, 
FIRE    EXTINGUISHERS, 
CENTRIFUGAL  PUMPS 
ROTARY  PUMPS,  GANG  EDGERS, 
CAMPBELL'S    STEAM    FEEDS, 
MILL    and    MINE    SUPPLIES. 


CarJBKriEJEl.  A  T  ■     jBl-CStUTO'I'S  ,  X<OXl. 


WESTINGHOUSE    AUTOMATIC     ENGINES. 


SALES  DURING  LAST  POUR  MONTHS: 

COMPOUND,  5.x5*i5Ss«i^P^^w^R.  STANDARD,  ..oo'Io^S^^S^w^b.  JUNIOR,  ^.ei^io^ZV^Sli^^. 

OxTAXica.   "rota,!,    309    ZSxislxies,    .A.gex-egA'tlxxg    X3.975    ZXoxrse    I'ox'o-er. 

21  and  23  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.  189  Clarence  St.,  Sydney,  N.  S.  W. 


NOTICE  TO  GOLD  MINERS! 


JUSTINIAN  CAIRE.  Agent, 

521  &  523  Market  St.,  San  Francisco, 


— DBALBR    IH- 


Assayers'  and  Mining  Material. 


— MANnPACTURBR    OP— 


IN   QUARTZ,  GRAVEL,  OR  PLACER  MINES.  MADE  OF  BEST  SOFT  LAKE      UPERIOB  COPPER 

Our  plates  are  guaranteed,  and  by  actual  experience  are  proved,  the   besj  In  weight  of  Sil-    BATTERY  SCREENS  AND  WIRE  CLOTH 
ver  and  dnrability.     Old  Mining  Plates  Replated,  Bought,  or  Gold  Separated.    THOXJSAMDS 
OF    ORDERS    FILLED.  

SAN    FRANCISCO    NOVELTY,  GOLD,  SILVER    AND    NICKEL    PLATING  WORKS,  Agent  for  HOSKIKS' 

1 08  and  1 1 2  First  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.  HYDRO-CARBON    ASSAY   FURNACES 

Its-  SEND  FOR  CIRCPLARS. 

IMPORTANT  TO  GOLD  MINERS! 

SILVER-PLATED  AMALGAM  PLATES  for  SAVING  GOLD 

IN    QUARTZ,    GRAVEL    AND    PLACER    MINING. 
PRICES  GREATLY  REDUCED. 

Only  Refined  Silver  and  Best  Copper  used.    Over  3000  Orders  filled.    Fifteen  Medals  Awarded.    Old  Mining  Plates  can   be 

Replated,    Old  Plates  Bonght,  or  Gold  Separated, 

These  Plates  can  also  be  purchased  of  JOHN  TAYI.OB  &  CO.,  Corner  First  and  Mission  Sta 

San  Francisco  Gold,  Silver  and  Nickel  Plating  Works,  653  &  655  Mission  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  E.  G.  Denniston,  Prop'r. 

Our  Plates  have  been  used  for  20  years.    They  have  proved  the  best.    We  adhere  etrlctly  to  contract  In  weleht  of  Sliver  and 
OODDer.      SHiND  F  JB  OIBCULAR. 


. MANUFACTURER    OF  

CENTRIFUGAL  ROLLER  QUARTZ  MILLS, 

Concentrators  and  Ore  Crushers, 
Mining  Macliinery  of  Every  Description.        Steam  Engines  and  Shingle  Machines. 


SEND    FOR    CIRCUIjAR. 


Centrifugal  Boiler  Quartz  Mill.  313      lE'Ht.lS'F      <ct'T»1=»  -tmiTTi , 


s.A.ia'    I'n.j^xQ^cusco,    C.A.IJ. 


PERFECT  PULLEYS 

First  Premium  Awarded  at  Mechanics'   Fair,    1884. 

Sole  Licensed  Manufacturers  of  the 

MEDART    PATENT    WROUGHT    BIM    PUILEY 

For  the  States  of  California,  Oregon  and  Nevada,  and  the  Territories  of  Idaho,  WashlngtOD 

UoQtana,  Wyoming,  Utah  and  Arizona.     Lightest,  Strongest,  Cheapest  and 

Best  Balanced  Pulley  in  the  World.     Also  Manufacturers  of 

PAT.  ooT.  26, 1881.         SHAPTINa,    HANGERS    AND    APPURTENANCES. 

1^  Smn>  K»  CiKomiABs  add  Priob  Lisi.'^ 

NoA  lag  aoa  lai  fbbmont  btbbbit  ban  fbanoisoo,  oal. 


H.  D.  MORRIS, 
220  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco, 

MANUFACTURERS'  aM  PURCHASINU  AGENT. 

Special  attentir"  given  to  purchase  of 

MINE  and  MILL  SUPPLIES. 


ADAMANTINE  SHOSS  AND  DIES.— Guar- 
anteed  to  prove  better  and  cheaper  than  any  others. 
Orders  solicited,  subiect  to  above  conditions. 

H.  B.  U0RRI3. 


SOLB  AOKNT  FOR 

Aflamantlie  Sloes,  Dins  and 
LRUSHER  PLATES, 

— AND — 

Cliroine   Cast   Steel  for 
Book  Drills,  Etc. 


■lililiiKS 


adahaktihe. 


Fkb.  22,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


]39 


AMALGAMATING  MACHINERY. 

sump  Mills  lor  Wei  or  Dry  Crushing. 
Hunlinglon  Cenlrilugal  Quart!  Mill.  Drjlng 
Cylinders.  Amalgamating  Pans,  Selllers. 
Agitators  and  Concentrators.  Retorts.  Bul- 
lion and  Ingot  Moulds.  Conveyors.  Elevators, 
Bruckners  and  Howell's  Improved  White's 
Roasting  Furnaces,  Etc. 


IMPROVED  CORLISS  VAL~v6  IVilw 


FRASER  &  CHALMERS, 

MINING  MACHINERY 


ENGINES. 


CGNCENTRATINC  MACHINERY. 

Blake,  Dodge  and  Comet  Crushers,  Cornish 
Crushing  and  Finishing  Rolls,  Hartz  Plunger 
and  Collom  Jigs.  Frue  Vanner  &  Embrey 
Concentrators,  Evans',  Calumet,  Collom's 
and  Rittenger's  Slime  Tables.  Trommels, 
Wire  Cloth  and  Punched  Plates.  Ore  Sam- 
ple Grinders  and  Heberle  Mills. 

in/\||    P^O    HORIZONTAL,    VERTICAL 

eSUILCiKo  . . .  and  sectionai . 


:XIIE^StOTr:SD     SSXEIAIVC     s 


Hoisting  Engines, 
Safety  Cages, 
Safety  Hooks, 

Ore  CARS,  Water  &  Ore 
BUCKETS, 

Air  Compressors, 

Rocli  Drills,  Etc. 

GENERAL  MILL  AND 
MINING  SUPPLIES,  ETC. 
Sectional  Machinery 

FOR 

MULE-BACK 

TRANSPORTATION. 


I$S]PS 


Pumping  Engines 

and  Cornish 

Pumping  Machinery, 

IMPROVED 
WATER    JACKET 

Blast  Furnaces  for 
CalenaiSi.  Copper  Ores, 

SLAG  CARS  AND  POTS, 

Roots  &  Baker 
Pressure  Blowers, 

SUSPENDED 

TRAMWAYS. 


General  Offices  and  Works:     FULTON  AND  UNION  STS.,  CHICAGO,   ILL. 


BRANCH  OFFICES; 


NEW  YORK,  Room  43,  No.  2  Wall  St.        DENVER,  COLO.,   1316  Eighteenth  St.       SALT  LAKE   CITY,  UTAH, 
7  W.  Second  South   St.       LONDON,  ENC,  23   Bucltlersbury,  E.  C.       CHIHUAHUA  CITY,   MEXICO,  No.  I  I 
Oalle  de  Juarez.        LIMA,  PERU,  South  America.       JOHANNESBURG,  TRANSVAAL,  South  Africa. 

SOIjB    western    agents    for    TYLER    W7IBB    WORKS    DOUBLE    OBIMPED    MINING    OLOTRS. 


TSE     FELTOIT     "WATER     VTHEEL 

GIVES    THE    HIGHEST    EFFICIENCY    OF    ANY    WHEEL    IN     THE    WORLD. 


.¥ 


OVER  800  ALREADY  IN  USB. 

Affords  the  Most  Simple  and  Reliable  Power  for  all 
Miaing   and   Manufaotaring   Machinery. 

Adapted  to  heada  running  from  20  up  to  2,000  feet. 

From  12  to  20  per  cent  better  reenlte  guaranteed  than 
can  be  produced  from  any  other  Wheel  in  the  Country. 

ELECTRIC  TRANSMISSION. 

Power  rom  these  Wheels  can  be  transmitted  long 
distances  with  small  Iobb,  and  is  now  extensively  used  in 
all  parts  of  the  country  for  generating  both  power  and 
light. 

APPLICATIONS 

Should  state  amount,  and  head  of  water,  power  required, 
and  for  what  purpose  ;  with  approximate  length  of  pipe ; 
also,  whether  the  application  is  with  reference  to  Wheels 
or  Motors  described  below.     SEND  FOR  CIRCULARS. 

The  Pelton  Water  Wheel  Co. 

121  MAIN  ST.,  SAK  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 

i^ESXjTOivr    'W^a.TEsn.     nvtoa^orts. 

Varying  from  the  fraction  of  1  up  to  15  and  20-hor8e  power,     Unequaled   for   all   light-runninsr   ma'ihinery.     Warranted  to  develop  a  given 
amount  of  power  with  one-half  the  water  required  by  any  other.     aST  SEND  FOR  MOTOR  CIRCULAR.     ADDRESS  AS  ABOVE. -^ 


fAetalllirgy  apd  Ore3. 


SELBY 

SMELTING  and  LEAD  CO.. 

416  Kontgomery  St.,  San  Francisco. 

GOLD    AND    SILVER    REFINERY 
And  Assay  Office. 

Highest  Prices  Paid  for  Gold,  Silver  and 
Lead  Ores  and  Snlphoreti. 

BLUESTONE, 

LEAD  PIPE, 

SHEET  LEAD, 

SHOT,  Etc.,  Etc. 

ALSO  UANnPAOTtJKBIU    OP 

Standard    Shot-Gun    Cartridges, 

Under  Chamberlia  Patent 


JAMBS    LBFFBL'S 

Mining  Turbine  Water  Wheel. 

These  Wheels  ftre  designed  for  all  purpoees  where  llialted  quantities  ol  water  and 
high  beads  are  utilized,  and  are  guaranteed  to  give  more  power  with  less  water  than 
any  other  wheel  made.  Being  placed  on  horizontal  shaft,  the  power  is  transmitted 
direct  to  shafting*  by  belts,  dispensing  with  gearing. 

Estimates  furnished  on  application  for  wheels  specially  built  and  adapted  in 
capacity  to  suit  any  particular  case. 

Further  information  can  be  obtained  of  this  form  of  construction,  as  well  as  the 
ordinary  Vertical  Turbines  for  Wooden  Penstocks  and  In  Iron  Globe  Cases,  free  of  cost, 
by  applying  to  the  manufacturers. 


JAMES    LEPPBL    &    CO., 


Springfield,  Ohio, 


or  110  Liberty  St.,  New  York. 


FBASEB    Ss    OHALMEBS,  General  AcreDtB, 

Chicago,  111.,  and  Denver.  Col. 

PARKE    St   LACY,  General  Agents,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


CALIFORNIA    IRON  YARD. 

HENRY  J.  ROGERS  &  CO. 

Successors  to  CHAS.  CALLAHAN 

IMPORTBRS   AND  DEALBES   IN 

CAST  and  WROUGHT  IRON  SCRAP 

SECOND-HAND     BOII/ERS 

AND  OLD  MACHINERY 

or  every  deaorlption. 

Tie  Higliest  Price  tall  for  all  MMs  ol  Metals, 

Offiob  and  Yard:     128  and  130  FoIboui  St.,  S.  F 

Telephone  No.  67. 


FOR  SALE 

Hydraulic  Mining  Property  In  Soutnem  Oregon.   Good. 
ISxtensiTe,    For  particulars  (Principals  only)  address, 

"A.M.,"   Box  77, 

Qrants  Pass,  Oregron, 


THOMAS  PRICE  &  SON, 

Assay  Office,  Chemical  Laboratory, 

BULLION  ROOMS  and  ORE  FLOORS, 

524  Sadramento  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

COIN  RETURNS  ON  ALL  BULLION  DEPOSITS  IN  24  HOURS. 

WORKING    TESTS    OF    ORES    BY    ALL    PROCESSES. 

SPECIAL  ATTENTION  PAID  TO  CONCENTRATION  OF  ORES. 
Ores  Received  on  Oonsignment,  Sampled,  Assayed,  and  Disposed 
of  in  the  Open  Market  to  the  Higheet  Bidder, 


JOHN  TAYLOR  &  CO.. 

IMFOKTBRa   AND  DBALBRS  IN 

ASSAYERS'    MATERIALS,    MINE 
AND  MILL  SUPPLIES, 

ALSO  CHEMICALS,   AND    PHYSICAL.  SCHOOL    AND 

CHEMICAL  APPARATUS. 
63  &  65  First  St.,  cor.  Mission,  San  Francisco. 


<r?^ 


We  would  call  the  attention  of 


Assayers,  Chemists,  Mining  Com- ' 
panics,  Milling  Companies,  Pros- 
pectors, etc.,  to  our  full  stock  of 
Balances,  Furnaces,  Muffles,  Crucibles,  Soori- 
fiers,  etc.,  iDcluding,  also,  a  full  stock  of 
Chemicals. 

Having  been  engaged  in  furnishing  these  sup- 
plies sine*  the  first  discovery  of  mines  on  the 
Pacific  Coast,  we  feel  confident  from  our  experi- 
ence we  can  well  suit  the  demand  for  these 
goods,  both  as  to  quality  and  price. 
Agents  for  the  Morgan  Crucible  Co.. 
^^^*  Battersea,  England.  Also  for  15.  Q.  SeuniB- 
tou'B  Silver  Plated  Amalgam  Plates.  The  plates 
of  thi.s  well-kno\vn  manufacturer  are  thoroughly  relia- 
ble, and  full  weight  of  Silver  guaranteed.  Ordeis  taken 
at  bis  lowest  prices.  Our  Illustrated  Catalogue  and  As 
say  Tables  sent  free  on  application. 

JOHN  TAYLOR  A  OO. 


Nevada  Metallurgical  Works, 

NO.  28  STEVENSON  STREET, 

Near  First  and  Market  Streets,  S.  F. 

C.  A.  LooREARDT,  Manager.  Establishbd  1809 

Orea  worked  by  any  Frooesa, 
Ores  Sampled, 

Asaaying  in  all  ita  Branchea. 
Analysea  of  Orea,  Minerals,  Waters,  eto. 
Working  Tests  (practical)  Made. 
Plans   and   Specifications   furnished   for  the 
most  suitable  Process  for  Working  Orea, 

Special  attention  paid   to  Examinations  of 
Minea;  Plana  and  Reports  furnished. 

O.  A.  LUOKHARDT  &  OO^ 
(Formerly  Hubu  ft  Luokhardt, 
Mlnlnir  EuRlDeera  and  Metallurfirlsts . 


GREAT     REDUCTION! 

BATTERY~~SGREENS. 

Best  and  Cheapest  In  America. 

No  imitation,  no  deception,  no  planished  or  rotten 
Iron  used.  Only  genuine  Russia  iron  In  Quartz  Screens. 
Planished  iron  screens  at  nearly  half  my  former  rates. 

I  ha\e  a  large  suoply  of  Battery  Screens  oo  hand 
suitable  for  the  Huntiugtoo  and  all  Stamp  Mills,  which  I 
will  sell  at  20  per  rent  discount. 


PERFORATED  SHEET  METAL 

For  Flour  and  Rice  Mills,  Grain  Separators,  Revolving 
and  Shot  Screens,  Stamp  Batteries  and  all  kinds  of  Mln 
log  and  Milling  Machinery.  Iron,  Steel,  Copper,  Brass. 
Zinc  and  other  metala  punched  for  all  uses. 

Inventor  and  Manufacturer  of  the  celebrated  Slot  Cut 
or  burred  and  Slot  Punched  Screens. 

Mining  Screens  a  specialty,  from  Ko.  X  to  15  (fine). 
Orders  promptly  attended  to. 

San  Francisco  Pioneer  Screen  Works, 

2  31  &  S23  First  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

JOHN  W.  QUICK,  Proprietor. 


WINCHESTER  HOUSE, 


44  Third  Street, 


San  Francisco,  Cal, 


This  Fire  proof  Bri  k  Building  is  centrally  located,  in 
tlio  liealthiest  lart  of  the  city,  only  a  balf  block  from  the 
Grand  and  Palace  Hotels,  and  close  to  all  titeamboat  and 
i;ailroad  Offices. 

Laundry  Free  for  the  use  of  Families. 


HOT  AND  COI.D  BATHS  FKEE. 


Terms,  Board  and  Room,  $1.00  per  Day 

And  Upward. 

Kooms  with  or  without  Board, 

free  Coach  to  the  House. 

fT.    3R003j3a-5r. 


140 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press, 


[Feb.  22,  1890 


IQaF^KET   l^EPORTS. 


Local  Markets. 

San  Francisco,  Feb.  20,  1890. 
General  trade  the  past  week  has  been  quiet,  owing 
to  Old  Winter,  after  a  short  retirement,  returning  with 
renewed  strength  and  compassing  within  five  days 
all  the  changes  possible.  He  drenched  us  with 
downpours,  pelted  us  with  hail,  soaked  us  through 
with  a  steady  rainfall,  gave  us  a  few  short  hours,  and 
at  times  only  a  few  minutes,  of  sunshine,  all  of 
which  was  interspersed  with  high  winds,  low  winds, 
no  winds,  gusts  of  winds,  and  every  variety  of 
winds,  probably  for  a  change.  While  the  winter 
was  enough  to  convince  the  most  skeptical  that  this 
glorious  climate  of  Caiiiornia  is  unsurpassed  for  va- 
riety, yet  it  gave  tobusiness  a  dullness  that  caused 
many  dealers  who  were  hoping  for  the  best  to  feel 
slightly  discouraged.  Although  somewhat  discour- 
aged, all  buiiness  men  look  f-jrward  to  a  year  of  un- 
usual prosperity  in  (arming,  mining  and  all  other  in- 
dustries. Money  is  easier,  with  the  outlook  favor- 
able to  still  more  general  ease,  as  the  disbursements 
now  being  made  find  their  way  into  general  circula- 
tion. There  were  not  so  many  idle  men  noticeable 
the  past  week  as  there  were  during  the  early  part  of 
the  winter,  owing  to  the  demand  for  day  laborers  by 
the  various  railroads,  etc.,  in  the  interior. 

According  to  official  information,  the  imports  and 
exports  of  gold  and  silver   statistics   of   the    United 
Kingdom  in  pounds  sterling  compare  as  follows  : 
Gold  Gold  Silver 

Inifiorta.        Exports.      Imports,  Exports, 

1884  ....£10,720,358  £12,012,839  £9.001,495  £  9,980,383 

1885  .  13,374,119  11,930,SIS  9,377,601  9,852,'2S7 
1S81)  13,39'J266  13,733,706  7,4r  1,639  7,1!23,609 
iaS7  S»,y39,93i  9  323, 6U  7,82S3Sl  •  7.807,404 
1888  .  15,790, ^58  14,944.143  0,213,940  7,015.428 
ia89. 17,6S(i,174  14,45o.Si8  9^184,980  10,UGti,312 

Considerable  silver  is  imported  in  lead;  fully  385 
tons  of  silver  lead  was  imported  from  Mexico 
alone  in  1889. 

MEXICAN  DOLLARS— Trading  the  past  week 
was  very  dull,  more  so  than  usually  obtains  even 
during  this  the  dull  season.  Imports  are  lighter, 
and  being  well  concentrated,  the  price  is  maintained 
at  75'A@76  cts.  The  last  steamer  sailing. for  China 
took  out  $72,094. 

SILVER— The  market  at  the  East  and  also 
abroad  has  fluctuated  considerably,  confirming  the 
statement  of  the  Mining  and  Scientific  Press 
that  for  some  time  the  metal  would  bs  a  good  gam- 
ble. In  this  market  the  price  has  been  fairly  firm 
under  continued  light  supplies.  Mifxico  sends  us  a 
fair  quantity  each  week,  which  is  taken  by  the 
Mint.  The  receipt  of  domestic  silver  promises  again 
to  be  very  small,  owing  to  snow  blockades.  Con- 
firmed advices  report  that  the  committee  in  Congress 
that  has  silver  in  charge  will  report  in  favor  ot  the 
purchase  of  $4,000,000  worth  of  bullion  monthly. 
It  is  said  that  Congress  will  go  further  than  this 
in  legislating  in  favor  of  the  metal.  Late  advices 
from  China  confirm  previously  received  information 
that  the  Government  has  completed  at  Canton  the 
largest  and  best-equipped  mint  for  the  coining  of 
silver  in  the  civilized  world.  "  It  is  also  settled  that 
China  will  mint  silver  coin  and  redeem  the  bulky 
and  cumbersome  copper  coins. 

London  cibles  and  New  York  telegrams  report 
silver  unchanged.  The  Mint  in  this  city  was  bidding 
q5^  cts:  yesterday.  A  bank  bought  some  Mexican 
^jlyer  yesterday  at  gS^A  cts.  The  highest  piice  paid 
by  ihe  Mint  the  pasi  week  was  gGJ^  cts.  and  the 
jJ^ygSt  95  K  t:i-s-     The  offerings  are  very  light. 

QUICKSILVER  — Receipts  the  past  week  aggre- 
gate 234  fiasks.  There  was  shipped  by  the  over- 
land railroad  in  last  month  58,500  tt)5.  The  exports 
by  sea  last  week  aggregate  20  flasks  to  Central 
America  and  60  flasks  to  Mexico.  The  market, 
which  began  to  show  life  under  an  improvmg  de- 
mand, is  again  dull  owing  to  snow  blockades. 

BORAX -Receipts  the  past  week  aggregate  877 
ctls.,  and  exports  by  sea  20,284  lbs.  to  New  York, 
and  2O0  tbi.  to  Mexico.  In  January  there  was  sent 
overland  300,430  lbs.  The  market  is  reported 
steady  but  firm. 

LIME— Receipts  last  week  aggregate  4842  bbls., 
and  exports  too  bbls.  to  Honolulu.  The  market 
showed  more  local  activity  iip  to  a  few  days  ^go, 
but  with  rains  the  demand  fell  off. 

LEAD— The  market  is  fairly  steady.  The  local 
consumption  is  not  so  large  as  it  was  at  this  lime  in 
1889. 

COKE— Imports  the  past  week  aggregate  1142 
tons.  The  local  market  is  fairly  steady,  but  for 
shipment  it  appears  to  be  unchanged. 

TIN— Imports  the  past  week  aggregate  1896  in- 
gots. The  market  for  both  plate  and  pig  is  barely 
steady.  The  demand  is  light,  as  canners'  wants 
appear  to  have  been  met  for  some  time  ahead.  The 
market  at  the  Eist  and  abroad  is  hardening. 

IROM— Imports  ihe  past  week  aggregate  as  fol- 
lows: New  York,  50  tons;  Irondaie,  180;  Cardiff, 
303;  total,  533  tons.  The  local  market  is  reported 
quiet  but  firm.  Late  European  advices  indicate  a 
continued  strong  market,  owing  to  miners  in  the 
protected  countries  on  the  continent  striking  for 
higher  wages;  they  ask  for  an  advance  about  equal 
to  the  wages  paid  English  miners. 

COPPER--The  market  is  without  any  special 
features 'to  report.  The  London  Minin^^  Journal, 
Feb.  1,  reports  as  follows:  "Taking  an  average 
estimate  of  the  Chili  charters,  the  improvement  in 
statistics  for  second  half  of  January  would  be  1600 
tons,  or  3400  tons  for  all  January.  The  depressed 
condition  of  the  market  is  still  ascribed  to  the  flat- 
ness of  pig  iron  and  to  light  moupy.  The  con- 
sumptive market  participates  in  the  stagna'iou  of 
the  speculative  market.  Producers  in  most  cases 
are  ready  sellers,  while  consumers  hold  back  in  dis- 
trust ot  the  positions." 

CO.^L— Imports  the  past  week  aggregate  as  fol- 
lows: Overland,  89  tons;  Baltimore,  2250;  Seattle, 
6394;  Nanaimo,  4019;  Departure  Bay,  1427;  Taco- 
ma,  7720;  Newcastle,  N.  S.  W. ,  2090;  Egg  coal 
from  New  York,  100;  Coos  Bay,  760;  total,  24,740 
tons.  The  market  shows  considerable  activity,  with 
holders  of  Australian  to  arrive  very  firm  at  an  ad- 
vance. Late  m  lit  advices  from  Australia  report  a 
scarcity  of  tonnage,    It  is  reported  but  not  con- 


firmed, owing  to  the  telegraph  wires  being  down, 
that  there  is  a  strike  in  the  British  Columbia  mines. 
The  heavy  storm  has  washed  out  some  of  the  rail- 
roads up  north,  and  to  repair  them  will  take  some 
time,  so  that  the  deliveries  of  coast  coal  will  prob- 
ably be  light  until  the  roads  are  again  in  running 
order. 


Eastern  Metal  Markets. 

By  Telegraph. 
New  York,  Feb.    19,    1890.— The  following  are 
the  closing  prices  the  past  week: 
Silver  in    Silver  in 


Loudon.  New  York. 

Copper. 

Lead. 

Tin. 

rhursday  —  43^             95J 

Sl4  20 

S3  80 

820  40 

Friday 43§              95 

14  20 

3  77* 

20  65 

Saturday.... 43  11-16     9Si 

14  20 

3  774 

20  76 

Uonday 43J              964 

14  60 

3  77» 

20  70 

Tuesday 44                95  J 

14  60 

3  77i 

20  SO 

VS'edne6dav..43}            96i 

New  York,  Feb,  19.— Quicksilver  is  steady.  Tin 
continues  to  strengthen,  bome  recovery  in  activity 
is  noted  in  copper.  Bids— Ordinary,  i4J^c;  lake, 
14'Ac;  sp2cial  brands,  13c.  Lowest  casimg  sorts, 
London,  firmer.  Pig  lead  was  offered  freely  at 
$3. 77M@3. 80.     Sales — 500  tons. 

San  Francisco  Metal  Market. 

WHOLESALE. 

THUK3DAT,  February  20  1890. 

A.NTIMONT— 25  @     — 

Borax— Refined,  in  carload  lota 7i@      — 

Powdered  "         "        "    7^@      — 

Concentrated       "  "        "     6J@      — 

All  grades  jobbing  at  an  advaoce. 

Copper— 

Bolt 23  @      25 

Sheathing 23  @      25 

lugot,  jobbing 17  @      18 

do,  wholesale 16  @      16 

Fire  Box  Sheeta 23  (o)      25 

Lkad  —Pig 4i@      — 

Bar 5  @      — 

Sheet. 7@     — 

Pipe 6  @      — 

Shot,  discount  10%  ou  500  baga     Drop,  ^  bag.  1  45  ((^      — 

Buck.  ^  bag 1  65  @     — 

Chilled,  do 1  85  @     - 

TiNPLATE— B.  v.,  Bteel  grade.  Iii20,to  arrive.  4  80  ftr  4  85 

B.  v.,  steel  grade,  ]4s2u,  spot 4  70  @  4  75 

Charcoal,  14x20 6  75  t(C  7  00 

do  roofing,  14x20 6  00  @      — 

do.  do,  20s28 12  00  @      - 

Pig  tin,  spot,  ^  lb 22  @      — 

COKE-Eng.,  ton,  epot,  in  blk 13  50  («I5  00 

Do,  do,  to  load 14  50  @15  50 

QnicKsiLVEB— Jiy  the  fiask 50  00  (g      — 

Flasks,  new „ @      — 

FlaatB,  old    35® 

CnRoME  Iron  Ore,  %■}  ton 10  CO(ft 

If.on— Bar,  base 3  @       3i 

Norway,  base 43@       5J 

dTEEL— EngUah.  lb 16  (f^     20 


Canton  tool . 

Black  Diamond  tool , 

Pick  and  Hammer 

Machinery 

Toe  Calk 

Spot. 

Fron- Glengarnook  ton 35  DO  @ 

Eglinton.ton ....35  00^ 

American  Soft,  No,  1,  ton.. (335  00 

Oregon  Pig.  ton @35  00 

Pugot  Sound 35  00  @ 

Cby  Lane  White ^2    00 

ShottB,  No.  1 ...35  00  (tf35  00 

Bar  Iron  (base  price)  ^  tt)...      —  @      — 

Langloan  35  00  @ 

Thornclitfe 35  OU  @ 

Gartsherrie- 35  00  @ 


41®  - 
To  Load- 
34  @  - 
32m  — 
32i@  - 

-  (a  - 

-  @  - 
27'(a)  - 
32  i@  - 

-  @  - 
34  @  - 
34  (a)  — 
34  @  - 


Lumber. 


Pine,  Fir  and.  Spruce. 

KRTAIIj. 

Rough  Pine,  merchantable,  40  ft S-'O  00 

41  to  50  ft 21  00 

51  to  HO  ft 23  00 

til  to  70  ft 27  00 

1x3,  fencing 22  00 

1x4,       *'       21  00 

1x3,  1x4  and  1x6,  odd  lengths 10  00 

Second  quality 17  OO 

Selected 24  00 

Clear,  except  for  flooring 31  00 

tlear  for  flooring 2  00 

Clear  V.  G.  No.  1  flooring 6  00 

Firewood 14  00 

Dressed  Pine,  flooorin^,  No.  1,  1x6. . .  32  00 

No.  1,1x4 • 34  00 

No.  1,  Iix4,  ljx6,  and  odd  size9. ...  37  00 

All  sizes.  No.  2 .■..-. 27  00 

Stepping,  No.  1 44  00 

Stepping,  No.  2 34  00 

hip  timber  and  plank,  routrh 27  00 

Selected, planed  1  side,  av'ge  40  ft. .  29  00 

"       2  *'  **       '■'*..  31  00 

"  "       3  "  "      "■  '*  ..  33  00 

i<  a       4    «(  .<       •«•'..   35  00 

Deck  plank,  rough,  average  35  ft 36  00 

Dressed,  average  35  feet 40  00 

Pickets,  rouKh,  B.  M 20  00 

ixli,  4  ft  long,  ^  M 6  50 


lOBBlKG. 

S17  00 

IS  00 

20  00 

21  00 

10  00 

IS  00 

16  00 

16  00 

22  00 

28  Oo 

'io'oo 

29  Oil 

30  00 

33  00 

2i  00 

35  00 

25  00 

18  00 

24  00 

26  00 

28  00 

30  00 

32  00 

36  60 

16  00 

6  00 

Coal. 


Australian  . . . 
LiverpoolSt'm 

Scotch  Splint. 


Cardiff 9  50@10  UOi 


TO  LOAJI. 

Per  Ton. I  Per  Ton. 

7  50  @  7  75|LehighLump.,  IG  50@17  00 

S  50  @ Cumberland  bk  16  00(5) 

9  00  @  9  00  Egg,  hard 15  50@ 


SPOT    FROM   YARD. 


Wellin-Tton.... S 

Scotch  Splint 9  uO 

Greta     S  i>0 

Westminster  Brymbo.  9  oO 

Nanaimo 9  ijO 

Sydney 8  uO 

Qilniau 7     0 


Seattle 7  00 

Coos  Bay 6  00 

Cannel 12  00 

Egg,  hard 18  00 

Cumberland,  in  sacks  15  00 
do.  bulk 14  00 


Bullion  Shipments. 

We  quote  shipments  since  our  last,  and  shall  be 
pleased  to  receive  further  reports: 

Crown  Point.  Feb.  15,  $16,070;  Commonwealth, 
15,  $15,000;  Germania,  12,  S2699;  Hanaaer,  12, 
$3500;  Cons,  California  and  Virginia,  15,  $43,300; 
Germania,  15,  $1414. 


Captain  Gakdneb  T.  Lawton,  Preeident  of 
the  (jAliiornia  Powder  Works,  died  suddenly 
this  week,  while  sitting  in  hia  chair  in  his  office. 
He  has  been  here  since  1850,  When  the  North- 
ern Belle  mine  was  at  its  best  he  was  president 
of  the  company,  as  he  was  also  of  the  Kareka 
Consolidated.  Since  then  he  has  filled  other 
important  posts,  and  for  some  years  past  has 
been  president  of  the  powder  works. 


MININa    SHAREHOLDERS'    DIRECTORY. 


COMPILBD  BVERT  TnURSfiAY    FROM   AdVERTISBMENTS  IN  THE  MlHlNG  AND  SCIENTIFIC  PRESS  AND  OTHER  S.  F.    JODRNALS 

ASSESSMENTS. 
Am't.  Lbvibd. 
L.Dec  31. 
23.. Jan  .17, 
10.. Feb  10. 
30.. Feb  13. 
Dec  30. 


CoMPiNT.  Location.  No. 

Adelaide  Copper  M  Co Nevada..  1.. 

Baltimore  M  Co Nevada..  6., 

Bechtel  Cons  M  Co CaHforijia..n. . 

Butte  King  M  Co ....California..  1.. 

Camp  Creek  M  &;  M  Co California..  1.. 

Con  StGnthard  M  Co California..  1.. 

Crocker  M  Co Atiicoua..  S., 

East  Btbt&  Belcher  M  Co... .Nevada 1.. 

Exchequer  M  Co Nevada.. 28, , 

Granc^  Prize  M  Co Nevada. .24.. 

Gray  Eagle  M  Co California.. Iti.. 

Happy  Valley  El.  Gravsl  Co.  .Caliform'a...6.. 

Martin  White  M  Co Nevada.. 23.. 

Mayflower  Gravel  M  Co California. ^45. , 

Mexican  M  Co ■rNevada..39.. 

Miueral  King  M  &  M  Co Arizona..  4.. 

Natonia  Water  &  M  Co Cahfornia..  2.. 

Occidental  Coos  M  Co Nevada..  5., 

Overman  SM  Co Nevada,. 61.. 

Ru6senR&  MCo California,.  G.. 

yeg  Belcher  &.  Midea  MCo Nevada..  5.. 

Silver  King  M  Co Arizona..  2.. 

Tnie  OonsM  Co California..  8.. 


Dblikq  t.     Sale.     Seorbtart,  Place  of  Bubinesb. 

.  Feb  ]7....]Vlar  17..WHGrave3 42(J9aDRome  St 

,..Feb  21.... Mar  12.. A  K  Grim 402  Montgomery  St 

■  •?J*'^  l"^ ■  •  •  ■■^P'"  13.  -C  C  Harvey 303  California  St 

.  .Mar  20. . . .  Apr  12, .W  C  Lewis 723  Market  St 

..Feb  12....Marl0..ASFoIeer 213  Fremont  8b 

5.. Jan    14.... Feb  17.. .  .Mar  10.. T  Wetzel 522  M.  ntgomery  St 

10.  .Jan    20. . .  .Mar    5. . . .  Mar  28.  .N  T  Messer 309  Montgomery  St 

25. .Feb  11.. ..Mar  14..  ..Mar  31.. C  H  Mason 331  Montgomery  St 

25.  .Dec   16.... Feb  10.... Mar  3.. C  E  Elliott 309  Moutiiomery  St 

30..Jau    27..,. Mar   5 Mar  25.. R  R  Grajsoo a27  Piue  St 

4..Jau    21.,.. Feb  25....Mar  17.  .J  M  Butlington 303  California  St 

5.. Feb  12  ..  Mar  24.. .  .Apr  14.. D  M  Kent 330  Pine  St 

25.. Feb    12.... Mar  31....  Apr  3U..  A  B  Cooper 325  Mouteomery  St 

50.. Dec  27.... Feb    3....  Feb  25.  .J  Morizio 328  Montgomery  St 

25.. Dec   21.... Feb    6.... Feb  27..0BElUott 309  Montgomery  St 

10.  Jan    10. ...Feb  10. ...Mar   3..PHLeonatd 419  California  St 

5. .Dec  21.... Jan  28.... Feb  25..P  W  Ames 516  California  St 

25..  Jan    20....  Feb  25...  .Mar  24..  A  K  Dunbar 309  Montgomery  St 

25,  .Dec  31. . .  .Feb    5, . . .Feb  26.  .G  D  Edwards 414 California  St 

5  .Jan   13.... Feb  17 Mar  12..  J  Marizio 323  Montgomery  8t 

25'..Jan     4.... Feb    6 Feb  26.. E  B  Holmes 309  Montgomerv  St 

30. .Jan    15.. ..Feb  26...  .Mar  27. .A  Waterman 309  Munt;,omery  St 

Feb  15.... Mar  10..  J  0  Bates 434  California  St 


8..      25..  Jan    18, 

MEETINGS  TO  BE  HELD. 

Name  of  OoMPAiry.  Location.    Seoretajiy  Office  ik  fl.  F  Meettno  Date 

Belle  Isle  M  Co.". Nevada..  J  W  Pew 310  Pine  St Special Feb  25 

Commonwealth  Cons  M  Co Nevada.. H  Deas 3L9  Montgomery  St Spetial Feb  26 

Indian  Creek  L  &  M  Co California.. S  C  Mills 217  Sauaome  Kt Annual Mar  5 

North  Peer  0&  S  M  Co  Arizona.. H  Deas 309  Montgomery  St Annual ..Feb  28 

LATEST  DIVIDENDS— WITHIN  THREE  MONTHS. 

Name  op  Company.  Location.      Seobetaby.  Offioe  in  S.  F-  Amount.  Payable 

Champion  M  Co T  Wetzel 522  Montgomery  St 10 Jan  20 

Caledonia  M  C Nevada..  AS  Cheminant 328  Montgomery  St 08 Aug  5 

Con  Cahfornia  &  Va  M  Oo Nevada. -A  W  Havens 309  Montgomery  St 25 Feb  10 

Derbec  Slue  Gravel  M  Co Caiiform'a.  .T  Wetzel 522  Montgomery  St 10 Dec  SB 

Idaho  M  Co California Grass  Valley S  00 Nov  7 

Mt  Diablo  MCo  Nevada.  .R  Heath 319  Pine  St 30 00121 

Pacific  Borax  Baltic  Soda  Co.  ..California..  A  H  Clough 230  Montgomery  St 1  00 Feb  10 


Mining  Share  Market. 

The  mining  share  market  has  the  past  week 
shown  more  activity  in  both  the  Comstocks  and 
Tuscaroras.  The  leaders  in  the  former  were  Ophir 
and  Mexican,  and  in  the  Tuscaroras,  Del  Monte. 
The  movement  in  the  Comstocks  is  nothing 
more  or  less  than  unadulterated  manipulation, 
whether  to  sell  stocks  or  buy  them  remains  to  be 
seen.  There  is  no  reason  why  Ophir  should  sell 
as  high  as  Con.  Virginia,  which  latter  is  a  five- 
per-cent  monthly  dividend  proposition,  while  the 
tormer  has  its  ore  to  be  found,'  and  after  finding, 
no  mill  for  its  crushing.  That  extensive  work  is 
laid  out  not  only  in  Ophir  but  all  the  North  End 
mines  does  not  admit  of  a  doubt,  and  that  many 
practical,  experienced  miners  look  for  good  results 
is  equally  as  certain,  but  after  finding  ore,  whether 
the  stock  is  worth  what  it  now  sells  for  remains  to 
be  seen.  The  above  is  from  an  investment  point 
of  consideration,  but  from  a  speculative  basis  of 
operation,  the  price  is  not  any  too  high,  if  high 
enough;  for  the  higher  it  is,  the  wider  the  fluctu- 
ations and  tlie  more  desirable  as  a  gamble.  It  is 
the  uncertainly  that  makes  stock  a  gamble  and  at- 
tracts attention  as  exploration  work  progresses. 
The  stocks  of  the  Middle  and  Gold  Hill  group  of 
mines  have  not  done  much,  probably  owing,  to 
their  not  being  so  well  concentrated  as  the  North 
Ends.  So  far  as  the  writer  can  learn,  the  general 
public  has  taken  very  little  interest  in  the  present 
movement.  Outside  of  a  limited  few  led  by  bull 
points  from  the  inside  to  believe  in  higher  prices, 
they  fear  that  the  up  market  has  no  solid  founda- 
tion on  which  to  work.  It  is  needless  to  say  that 
the  bear  reports  are  also  put  out  by  the  inside, 
for  the  purpose  of  mixing  up  the  public,  by  which 
a  more  interesting  juggling  game  can  be  played. 
The  Quijotoas  and  Bodies  have  been  lifeless  and 
unattractive.  The  public  appears  to  be  waiting  lor 
more  activity  in  these  stocks  and  also  for  assessments 
before  dealing  in  them. 

FinUy  of  the  Pos/  is  bulling  the  market,  and 
Spring  of  the  Rcpori  is  bearing  stocks.  Their  ap- 
peals to  the  unternfied  public  are  only  equaled  by  the 
agonizing  appt^als  of  an  old  hen  that  has  mothered 
a  brood  of  ducks,  for  the  latter  to  get  out  of  a  pond 
of  water  in  which  they  are  enjoying  themselves  as 
required  by  nature. 

From  the  mines  our  advices  report  an  improve- 
ment in  Potosi.  The  work  in  Alpha  ought  to  be  in 
interesting  ground  on  the  600-foot  level.  The  work 
in  Ophir  and  the  other  North  End  mines  indi- 
cates that  the  managers  do  not  wish  to  make  much 
of  a  find ,  for  like  a  setting  quail  which  runs  from  its 
nest,  they  appear  to  go  Irora  where  they  reasonably 
expect  to  find  ore.  In  reply  to  an  inquiry  we  will 
state  that  the  superintendent  of  the  Belcher  mine  in 
his  annual  report  stated  on  1000-foot  level  in  south 
end  of  the  mine  they  struck  a  ledge  three  or  four 
feet  wide,  assaying  from  $5  to  $20  per  ton.  This 
ledge  increases  to  40  feet  wide  on  the  1200-foot 
level.  Assays  from  this  low-grade  ore  show  from  $5 
to  $50  per  ton.  *  *  *  On  the  300-foot  level  443 
west  of  the  old  workings,  a  new  ledge  of  clean,  white 
quartz.  40  feet  in  width,  was  passed  through.  The 
flow  of  water — 20  miner's  inches — has  prevented  fur- 
ther prospecting  for  a  time:  This  is  a  very  important 
find  and  doubtless  will  prove  of  great  value,  but  to 
do  so  it  will  take  time  and  considerable  work.  Our 
latest  mail  advices  report  that  the  West  Ledge  in  the 
Gold  Hill  mines  which  this  paper  has  so  frequently 
mentioned  in  the  past  six  months  is  now  open  for 
practical  inspection  in  the  south  end  of  Belcher  and 
in  Exchequer.  In  the  latter  the  west  drift  on  the 
5oo-foot  level  is  60  feet  wide.  In  Belcher's  west  or 
200'foot  level  the  drift  is  45  feet  wide.  Con.  Imperial, 
Challenge  and  Confidence  are  reported  to  have  cut 
ore  in  drifting  west  on  the  300  and  500(001  levels. 
In  the  Yellow  Jacket  soo-foot  level,  west  drift,  they 
should  soon  be  in  interesting  ground,  for  at^  distance 
of  between  1000  and  i2C0  feet  frpm  the  starting- 
point  it  was  expected  to  reach  the  rich  gold  ledge  for 
which  they  are  running.  From  the  Tuscaroras 
private  advices  continue  very  favorable.  Were  it  not 
for  the  activity  in  the  Comstocks  the  news  would  at- 
tract a  good  class  of  operators.  Our  correspondent 
is  very  hopeful  of  the  future  for  the  district.  Our 
advices  from  the  Bodies  are  of  a  still  more  encourag- 
ing character.  It  now  looks  as  if  the  work  being 
done  will  soon  be  of  a  more  interesting  character 
and  may  possibly  lead  into  something  of  value  ;  at 
any  rate,  experienced  Bodie  miners  are  giving  the 
work  very  close  attention,  which  they  would  hardly 
do  if  it  were  not  of  a  promising  nature.  From  the 
Quijotoas  our  advices  are  favorable,  yet  they  point  to 
several  weeks  of  more  deadwork. 


Table  of  Lowest  and  Highest  Sales  in 
S.  P.  Stock  Exchange. 


Name  ojt 

GOMPANT. 


The  repreBentatiye  of  a  London  mining  syn- 
dicate ie  examining  the  mineral  resources  of 
British  Colambia. 


Alpha 

dlta 

Andes 

Belcher 

Be8t&  Belcher 

Bullion 

Bodie  Con 

Bulwer 

Coinmanwealtb  , . . 
Con.  Va.  SOal.... 

Cballeuge 

CboUar 

Conbdence 

Con.  Imperial 

Caledonia 

Crown  Point 

Crocker 

EurenaCon 

Exchequer 

Grand  Prize 

Gould  &  Curry.... 
Hale  &  NorcroBB. . 

Julia 

Justice 

Kentuck 

Lady  Waah 

Mono 

Mexican 

Navajo 

North  Belle  Isle... 

Nev.  Queen 

Occidental 

Opbir 

Overman 

Potosi 

Peerless 

Peer 

Savage 

S.B.&M 

Sierra  Nevada 

SUverHill 

Scorpion 

dnion  Oon 

Utal 

Vellow  Jacket 


Week 
Ending 
Jan.  30. 


1.26 
.SO 
1.75 
■IM 
.fO 
.45 
.20 
3  65 
4.60 


.25 

iijo 


1.40 

2.80 


55 
3.00 

.60 
1.70 

,20 


.35 
2.70 


1.05 
.90 


1  60 
l.CO 
1.90 
.30 

2!25 

55 

1.90 


Week 
Entung 
Feb,  6, 


1.75 
2.40 

.e5 

.42 
.20 
35 
4.60 
90 
2.40 


4.00 
50 
35 

1.40 

2.80 
.2S 

1.30 
60 


55 

65 
1.70 
25 
20 
1.60 
1,110 
1.95 


2.25  2.35 
.55  .60 
2  00    2.05 


Ending 
Feb.  13. 


,95    1.00 
1.26 


1,70    1  31 
2.70    2.80 


3.40 
4.65 
1.30 
2  40 

25 

20 

I  55 

15 


1  40 

2,75 
30 

1.25 
.70 
.25 
.35 

2  65 
.30 
.70 
.85 
.60 

3.60 
1  UO 
l.fO 
20 
20 
1.55 
1.45 
1.90 


Week 
Ending 
Feb.  20 


95  1  00 

1.10  1.25 

.50  .... 

1.80  1,85 

2,70  3,211 

56  .65 

45  .... 


3.55  4.00 

4.70  4.90 

1.40  1,50 

2.40  2,60 

iso  '.'.'.'. 


50 

30 

1.40 

2.75 


.36 
1.65 
2.80 


.26  .30 

3105  s'.ro 

,»5  ,,.. 

.90  1.10 

,75  85 

.60  .65 

3.60  4.60 

1.00  1,10 

60  175 

20  ,26 

20  .... 

1.55  1.75 

1  35  1.5D 


2,001,90    2.45 


2.25  2.36 
65 
1.95    2.05 


25 

2.25  2,80 

,60  ,70 

1  95  2.2J 


Sales  at  San  Francisco  Stock  Exchange. 


TnuRSDAV.  Feb.  20,  9:30  A.  M.i 

150  AuaeH 6  cl 

200  Alpha 1,051 

225  Be.^tS:  B 3.3= 

2J0  Belcher 1.95 

100  Bulliou 6icl 

100  Crocker 30c- 

200  Caledonia 20c| 

100  ChaUeuee l.iOi 

400  Con.  Imperial 30ci 

130  Crown  Point 1.801 

100  CboUar 2.60 

100  Del'mnt 1.40 

5D0  illxcbequer 5nc 

ICO  Grand  Prize 35c 

100  HaleSNor 2.S5I 


200  KentucK 80c 

100  Lady  Wash 30c 

100  Mexicaa 3.90 

200  New  York 4Fc 

100  Nev.  gueeu 85c 

7C0  N.  Commonwealth.  .1.20 

300  Occident 05o 

350  Overman. 1,10 

350  Ophir  4 

1200  Peer 20c 

100  Scorpion 25c 

150  aierra  Nevada. 2,55 

300  S.  B.  SM 1.55 

100  Union  2 

100  Utah 75c 

100  YeUow  Jacket 2,26 


New  Incorporations. 

The  following  companies  have  been  incorporated, 
and  papers  filed  in  the  office  of  the  Superior  Court, 
department  lo,  San  Francisco  : 

Williams-Marvin  Co.,  Feb.  14.  Capital  stock, 
$1,000,000.  Directors — Chester  Williams,  F,  W, 
Marvin,  J,  F,  Peters,  S,  A.  Marvin  and  S.  Otis, 

California  Pomace  Co,,  Feb,  17,  Object,  to 
purchase  grapes,  pomace,  and  other  vine  residues, 
and  manufacmre  wines,  brandies,  etc.  Capital 
stock,  $100,000.  Directors — Louis  Fa^anelli,  Geo. 
Renner,  Samuel  E,  Murch,  Charles  P,  Landresse 
and  C.  C,   Kinsey, 

Underground  Construction  Co,,  Feb,  17. 
Object,  laying  conduits,  pipes,  etc.  Capital  stock, 
$1,000,000,  Directors — F,  C.  Carlson,  E,  F 
Badgeley,  W.  B,  Reynolds,  P.  Humphrey  and  C, 
M.  Oakley. 


CompUmentaTy  Samples. 

PersonB  receiving  this  paper  marked  are  re- 
quested to  examine  its  contents^  term  of  snh- 
soription,  and  give  it  their  own  patronage,  and 
as  far  as  practicahle  aid  in  circulating  the 
journal,  and  making  i^s  value  more  widely 
known  to  others,  and  extending  its  iofluenoe  in 
the  cause  it  faithfully  serves.  Subscription 
rate,  $3  a  year.  Extra  copies  mailed  for  10 
cents,  if  ordered  soon  enough.  If  already  a 
subscriber,  please  Rhow  the  paper  to  others. 


Montana  has  a  population  of  about  250,000 
souls,  in  ronnd  numbers.  Of  this  number, 
more  than  25,000  are  actively  engaged  in  the 
production  of  the  precious  metals,  while  the 
balance  of  the  population  are  either  directly  or 
indirectly  interested  in  the  mining  industry, 


Feb.  22,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


141 


Inspection  of  Mines. 

Editors  Press  : — In  your  iaiue  of  Feb- 
raary  Stb,  Mr.  Gao.  Kialiogbury,  A^aist- 
aot  lDBp«otor  of  Miaee  of  SilvertOD,  Colo- 
rado, ,evideDtly  wiBhes  it  to  be  known  that 
be  U  actiog  io  that  oapaoity,  and  Btatea  that 
the  "writer  of  the  article  on  'Prevention  of 
Mine  Accidents'  is  certainly  not  well  posted 
when  making  the  usertion  that  we  have  no 
Gov**rnraeDtal  or  State  officials  to  inspect  minee, 
eto."  If  he  reads  my  remarks  again  of  Jin. 
IS,  IS'JO,  he  will  see  I  refer  directly  to  the 
St*to  of  Oalifornia  and  to  no  other.  My 
philanthropy  is  possibly  so  dulled  by  the  anso 
phisticated  waya  of  oar  Golden  State  that  I 
omitted  to  mention  and  quote  Colorado,  etc., 
ai  an  exception.  However,  X  apologize  for 
the  omission  and  oongratnlate  those  more  ad- 
VADoed  Kastern  States  that  they  do  possess 
such  otBoial  inspection,  thereby  seeing  to  the 
safety  and  welfare  of  their  miners.  They  have 
thus  set  a  thoroughly  good  example  for  us  to 
follow,  and  I  trust  onr  legislators  will  imitate 
this  much-needed  reform  in  the  near  fntcre. 
"Aroos." 

The  Cortkz  Mine. — A  few  years  ago  the 
C^rtez  mine,  near  Beowawe,  then  owned  by 
S.  Wenban,  was  considered  valueless  except  by 
its  owner,  and  it  bad  ran  him  in  debt  all  that 
he  could  get  trusted.  He  suooeeded,  however, 
in  getting  bis  son-in  law,  who  was  a  wealthy 
cattleman,  to  advance  money  enough  to  boy 
provisions  and  mining  tools  until  be  tinally 
strnck  ore  which  paid  more  than  expenses. 
After  ho  bad  paid  all  indebtedness  and  ran  hie 
bank  account  up  to  six  6gares,  he  went  to 
London,  where  he  incorporated  the  mine  and 
disposed  of  a  part  of  the  stock,  he  retaining  a 
controlling  interest  and  the  management  of  the 
mine.  Lint  year  the  net  profils  cf  the  mine 
wRre  $247,000,  and  dividends  amounting  to 
$150,000  were  paid  the  stockholders.  The  ore 
D  reserve  is  said  to  be  larger  than  at  any  pre 
vions  time,  and  the  Cortez,  which  some  years 
ago  would  not  sell  for  a  tboasand  dollars,  oould 
not  be  bonght  to-day  for  a  million,  and  It  is 
doubtful  if  the  KagUah  stockholders  would  sell 
even  at  that  price,  MtntDg  is  in  many  respects 
risky  business,  but  there  are  not  many  things, 
since  the  breaking  up  of  the  Star  Rinte  and 
Navikl  rings,  that  pay  so  well. — Silver  State, 


Practical    Hydraulics. 

A  Book  for  Civil  Engineers,  Uiners.  Mill- 
men,  Hydraulicians,  Mining  Engi- 
neers, and  Irrigators. 

Ity  P.  M.  R.\Mi.\LL. 

ThiM  riuw  wnrk  U  by  one  of  the  most  expcrlencc<l  liy- 
Jrauliciantt  o(  titu  country.  Il  tkbouoUs  with  utwful 
talilvH  for  tf&ily  ruferunco,  ill  which  tho  results  of  ab- 
HtriiMv  uik-titatiuiiH  an- all  placcii  ill  a  fomi  no  that  one 
t-aii  ritid  what  lio  wanttt  in  a  inomcut  For  the  engineer 
thu  prtncipluit,  (uriimhu,  covlh 'icntit,  etc.,  arc  Bivtsn;  and 
(or  tliuw  iiol  (umiliar  with  hij,'h«r  rnnthuni-itics,  ex- 
iini|>U-rt,  riik-s,  liiid  tahlci^  are  |ircparo<l.  'V\\uh  the  nouiis 
ot  thu  HciuntlAt  and  the  practical  miner  or  inilliimn  are 
each  met.  It  is  the  moat  complete  work  on  the  subject 
yet  puhUshed,  and  is  specially  applicable  to  the  Pacitlc 
ijoa^t. 

Table  of  Contents. 

The  foIIowinK  brief  abstract  of  the  contents  will  give 
an  idea  of  the  hranehes  of  the  subject  treated: 

General  I'lan;  UiBcusaion  of  the  I'rinciploa  of  Hydraul- 
ics; Rules  iVdiK'ed  from  Formula  Obtained;  Kxauiplen 
iwid  t'akriiliitiiins;  Extensive  Tables  for  Heady  Refer 
ienL-e;  Fundnniental  Lawtj  of  Hyocaulicu  Deinontttrated 
and  KxpreBSed  in  Formula)  and  Rules;  Flow  of  Water 
thron^'h  openinnfs;  Weir  Ooelttcionts;  Trlantruhir 
Wuirs;  Flow  of  Water  Over  Quadrant  Weir  (tabulated); 
Application  of  Tables;  Submerged  Orifices;  Flow 
Through  Orirtces  in  Thin  Partitions;  Tables  and  Anpli- 
cation!^;  .Miners'  Inchea;  Tables  and  Caleulatione;  Flow 
of  Water  Throu^,'h  Short  Tubus  and  Compound  Tubes; 
Flow  of  Water  Tbruupb  Pipes;  Tables  o(  Velocities  and 
Cubic  Feet  Flows  for  Given  Fall  per  Mile  and  Diameter 
of  I'ii)e;  (.'oerticient  for  Bend— Cieular  and  An(,'ular; 
Flow  Through  Nozzles;  Inverted  Siphons;  Flow  of 
Woter  in  Open  Cbanncls;  Extensive  Tables;  Rough  and 
Ready  Notes;  Uinta  (or  Speedy  and  Approximate  Esti- 
mates, etc. 

Price,  §2.00,  post-paid.  Sold  by  Dkwbv  Sl  Co.,  Pub- 
lishers, 220  Market  St,  San  Francisco. 


Iimm\i\  |iotice3. 


Oar  Agents. 

Our  Frihndb  can  do  much  in  aid  of  our  paper  and  the 
caoso  of  practical  knowled^'e  and  science,  by  assisting 
ARcnts  in  their  labors  of  canvasaioe,  by  lending  their  in- 
fluence and  encourasring  favors.  We  intend  to  scud  nooe 
but  worthy  men. 

J.  C.  HOAQ — Sao  Francisco. 

R.  O.  Bailbt— San  Francisco. 

W.  W.  Throbalds— Lofl  Angeles  Co. 

E.  PiHCURR—Cootral  California. 

Oio.  Wilson— Sacramento  Co. 

E.  H.  SciiAKFFLK — Calaveras  Co, 

PRAKE  S.    CUA PIN-— Colusa  Co. 

Isaac  Aybfi  — Fresno,  Cal. 

Sajiuel  Clifi'— San  Luis  Obigpo  Co. 

Wm.  H.  IIillraky— Oregon. 

E-  F..    Dbmino — Orecon. 

fllAs   M    MnODT- Orecon. 

H.  G.  Pahsonh— Washington. 

R,  G.  HuaroN— Montana. 


A  Sensible  Calendar.— As  usual  at  this  time 
of  the  year  the  new  crop  of  calendars  is  coming  in; 
they  are  of  all  sorts,  sizes,  shapes  and  kmds,  and 
many  of  them  can  be  had  for  the  asking^,  but  the 
BEST  calendar  that  comes  to  our  office  is  that  pub- 
lished by  N.  W.  Ayer  &  Son,  Newspaper  Advertis- 
ing Agents,  Philadelphia,  and  which  they  send 
postpaid  to  any  address  on  receipt  of  25  cents.  This 
calendar  is  14x22  inches,  the  upper  portion  being 
beautifully  printed  in  colors,  while  the  monthly 
sheets  are  printed  with  figures  so  plain  that  they  can 
be  easily  seen  at  a  distance.  Although  the  calen- 
dar is  an  advertisement  of  their  ever-growing  busi- 
ness, it  is  at  the  same  time  so  valuable  to  those  hav- 
ing use  for  a  calendar  that  year  by  year  the  sale 
steadily  increase*:. 

DoD't  Fail  to  Write. 

Should  this  paper  be  received  by  any  aubscrtber  who 
does  not  want  it,  or  beyond  the  time  he  intends  to  pay 
^or  t£,  let  him  not  fail  to- write  us  direct  to  stop  it.  A 
poetal  card  (costing  one  cent  only)  will  suffice.  We  will 
not  knowingly  send  the  paper  to  any  one  who  does  not 
wish  it,  but  it  It  Is  continued,  through  ths  failure  of  the 
BnbBorlber  to  notify  us  to  discontinue  It,  or  some  Irre- 
pponBlhlo  partv  reqneiteiJ  to  stor  Id,  wfl  uhall  pnqIMvelv 
demand  pavment  for  the  time  it  is  sent.     Look  carei'ollt 

AT  TIIK  LAllKT,  ON  YOUR  PAPER. 


An  Immense  Landslide  at  Dixon'e  Bar  on 
the  Trinity  river,  last  week,  dammed  ap  the 
river  for  acme  14  miles.  At  Waeb  Heuetis' 
mine,  where  the  house  is  150  feet  above  the 
river,  the  water  came  np  to  within  10  feet  of 
the  door.  Job  Hedges'  house,  six  miles  above 
the  slide  and  70  feet  above  the  river,  was 
washed  away.  This  slide  was  the  heaviest 
ever  known  on  the  Trinity  river.  Two  China- 
men were  killed  who   were  mininfi;  on  the  bar. 


"Stociv." — About  the  only  stock  that  is  not 
affected  by  the  inclemency  of  the  season  is 
Tascarora  miniDg  stock.  There  is  no  loss  of 
bullion  from  cold,  starvation,  or  exposure,  and 
there  is  plenty  of  sagebrush  and  pine-wood  fod- 
der to  feed  the  furnaces  until  the  new  crop 
comes  in  with  the  melting  of  the  snow. — Tus- 
carora  Times  Review, 


Snow  Near  Downieville. — From  a  private 
letter  from  the  superintendent  of  the  Ksd  Oak 
mine,  near  DownieviUe,  Sierra  county,  we 
learn  that  the  amount  of  snow  in  that  section 
is  remarkable.  It  is  16  feet  above  the  very  top 
of  the  dump-shed  and  35  feet  on  top  of  the 
wood-ahed.     It  is  40  feet  deep  on  a  level. 


Practical  Treatise  on   Hydraulic  Mining, 

Bv  AUG.  J.  BOWIE,  Jr. 

This  new  and  important  book  is  on  the  use  ao''  con- 
struction of  Ditches,  Flumea,  Dams,  Pipes,  Flow  of  Water 
on  Heavy  Grades,  methods  of  mining  shallow  and  deep 
placers,  history  and  development  of  mines,  records  of 
gold  washing,  mechanical  appliances,  such  as  nozzles, 
hurdy-gurdys,  rockerB,  'inderuurrenta,  etc.;  also  describL'S 
methods  of  blasting;  tunnels  and  sluices;  tailings  and 
dump;  dut>'  of  miners'  inch,  etc.  A  very  practical  work 
for  gold  miners  and  users  of  water.  Price,  $5,  post-paid 
For  sale  by  Dbwbt  &  Co.,  E^iblishera.  2^0  Market  St.,  San 
Ftaneifloo. 


Gray  Eagle   Mining  Company.    Location 

of  prlncip.-tl  plac«  of  business, San  Francisco,  California, 

Location  of  Works,  Placer  Co.,  Cal. 

NOTICE  ia  hor«hv  given  that,  at  a  meetiute  of  the 
Board  of  Directors,  held  on  the  2l8t  day  of  January,  1890, 
an  Awesttmont,  No.  lU.of  Four(4)Ceot8  per  share  wa»  levied 
upon  thi  Capital  Stock  of  the  Corporation,  payable  ini- 
utcdtatelv  in  United  Statct  Gold  Coin,  to  the  Socretury, 
at  thu  olllce  of  the  Company,  Koom  11,  No.  «J03  California 
Street,  San  Francisco,  California. 

Any  stock  upon  which  thix  aswsKniunt  shall  remain 
unpiid  on  the  T*ealyfl(th  ('>5th)  day  of  Kebrnary,  1890. 
will  be  delln<iuont,  and  advurtliied  for  Bale  at"  pnrjllc 
anctif^n  ;  and  unlv^^ti  laymeot  is  made  before,  will  bo 
sold  on  Mfiiiday,  the  17tii  day  of  March,  ISOO,  to  pay  the 
delinquent  asseasment,  together  with  the  coBta  ot  adver- 
tising and  expenses  ot  Hale. 

By  order  ot  the  Board  o'  Direr-tora. 

J.  M.BUFMNGTON,  Secretary, 

OniCR,  Room  II,  No.  ZO'i  California  St.,  San  Francisco, 
Calif  orniv 


EnRravingi^ 


Superior  Wood  and  Metal  Eogzai  - 
'~      SleotrotyplDV  and  BtereotypiDR 


The  Explorers'  and  Assayers' 
Companion. 

A  Xliinl  Edition  of  selected  portions  of  the 
"  KxplorerH*.  Miners',  and  Metal- 
lurgists* Compauion." 

A  practical  exposition  of  the  various  departments  of 
Geolouy,  Exploration,  Mining,  Engineeriug,  Assaying, 
and  Metallurgy. 

Price,  £6.00  post-paid.  Sold  by  Dewrv  &  Co.,  Pub.ish- 
era,  220  Market  St.,  ban  Francisco. 

Bv  J.  S.  PHILLIPS.  M.  E. 
The  work  is  divided  into  four  parts— Rocks,  Veins 
Tcstin-^and  Assaying.  The  teological  chapters  are  in 
tended  tn  give  miners  a  practical  idea  of  tho  various 
formations.  The  chapters  on  mineral  veins  aio  derived 
from  long  observation,  and  the  section  on  exploration 
has  been  carefully  considered.  All  that  relates  to  dis- 
crimioation  and  assay  of  minerals  has  been  kept  as  free 
from  formuhe  as  possible.  The  work  is  written  for 
practical  men,  and  all  the  explanations  and  deF^criptions 
are  clear  and  to  the  point.  It  is  so  prepared  that  it  ' 
useful  to  uneducated  men  as  well  as  scientists. 


rNVBNTORS,      TAKE       NOTICE  1 
L.  PETERSON.  MODEL  MAKER, 

253  Market  St.,  N.  E.  cor.  Front  (up  stairs),  San    Francsi'^o 
Experimental  machinery  and  all  kinds  of  models    Tin 
and  brasswork.    All   communications  strictly   confiden- 
>ial. 


A ,  T.  DEWEY. 


W.  E.  EWER. 


G.  H.  STRONG. 


IDE1-W"B"Z"     &B     OO.'S 


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experienced,  first-class  Agency.  We  have  able  and  trustworthy  Associates  and  Agents  in  Wash' 
ington  and  the  capital  cities  of  the  principal  nations  of  the  world.  In  connection  with  oar  edi- 
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other  advantages  far  beyond  those  which  can  be  offered  home  inventors  by  other  agencies,  Thi 
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examination  of  Patents  already  granted,  for  the  purpose  of  determining  the  patentability  of 
inventions  brought  before  us,  enables  us  oftep  to  give  advice  which  will  ■  save  inventors  the 
expense  of  applying  for  Patents  upon  inventions  which  are  not  new.  Circulars  of  advice  sent 
free  on'  receipt  of  postage.     Address  DEWEY  &  CO.,  Patent  Agents,  220  Market  St.    S.  F. 


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km  Pf^ei&eo. 


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owns.    Address,  for  further  information,  Dewky  EIkgravinq  Co.,  220  Market  St,  San  Francisco. 


CHEAP  AND  CONVENIENT 

CHAIN  PULLEY 


The  euKravUit;  hurowftli  ilhutratts  a  new  llftJns  apparatus 
t  that  klu<l  tu  whl<'h  ^rcat  p  «wur  is  aoceAsary,  anu  which 

M-III  Hlau'l  aiKUhfld  ill-;  titiwl  at  any  point  where  it  i*  left. 
A"  tin- i-ni.'r.viui; .  liitM:!,  tiicr*  is  a  puUoy  uvi:r  vrhicb  thu 
Jittlti;;  cli.iiri  ijMi-a.  timl  iipuu  tbe  fliiiie  oliuft  two  tear 
MlK-elft.  Br»  liiod  tliut  tlicir  t^-eth  aUemat- -that  1-,  the  tiitith 
of  oue  wlicul  ^•(.^r'-■^p  md  with  thy  -;iace»  of  tbo  other.  The 
pulley  on  thu  ritflu.  .iv,.r  «bii;ti  Mju  eodle-i-i  aotnatlni;  chain 
lur^weM,  U  lixi'd  to  a  Hlmft.  whlcb  has  short  cranjf  arms 
Inniu'd  iii>ini  it.  corrcsiuml  w'i%\\  tli"  KCiir  wlipeln  and  wHh 
till-  rtl/.f  uf  tlitlr  tvctli,  ."o  lluit  wm  u  the  shaft  Is  rotated  the 
crtint!  urniH-r  pinnetcngt)  the  terth  of  tbi- gear  wheels,  one 
iifttT  the  otlitT,  find  lhu><  udvunce  t  c  clmin  pulley.  Tills 
devioL-  iiN  -  form'*  n  jHTfuct  lock  when  left  at  nu  point. 
TIk' hi>i«'liivclMitn  i>iiiley,  nlacftsl  between  the  btrye  gear 
irinjj^  tho  wviKht  right   uudur  the  anpportir  g-liook 


«na  bAJu 


»  llio  louclilue.    The 


p  Tutor  may  >  timl  un  one 
MiXv  and  hiiulou  ihe  chain, 
uudured  not  be  rUht  under 
'h(-  ai'iiuriitiiH.  The  <b  vleu 
H  Hiouilc,  cnni|iuct,  KlTOUit 
mill  ffCi  ctlve,  und  Is  (luite 
inKeatuui*  in  dc3-;in,  These 
iii.iohhH8  have  lately  bi.'*'u 
put  on  the  niarkvit  imd  tiro 
niiide  here  The  jnvintion 
evidently  inipruvuM,  in  a 
large  deyrec,  the  construc- 
tion  uf  dillerrntial  chain 
pulleyp,  Qi;»keH  them  lusti  lu. 
co-it,  ivfinht,  wear,  and  ru- 
IjaiTH,  sud  cuxy  of  handling 
unci  ope  ating,  Thu  now 
device  13  wer'hy  cf  the  at- 
tention of  luaunfaHuvcrs 
and  all  Uscra  of  such   arti- 

cUa.  Thv  size  for  a 

liulf-tonliftw.lKlirt 
j>uly  about  thirty 

pounds. 
S4r  A  G  E  N  TS 

W  ANTED. 


AMERICAN   MINING   AND  STOCK  CODE 


M 


"KELLOGRAPH. 


Indispensable  to  the  Mining  Professton  and 
Useful  in  all  Business  Transactions. 

A  Complete  Syutem  of  Transmitting  Telegraphic  Mes- 
sages by  Code  Cipher  Words  in  a  Legible,  Secret  and 
Economic  Manner. 

OVER   35,000   WORDS  AND  SENTENCES 

Subject  to  transmission   under  infinite  complication  by 
the  use  of  over  70,003  code  words. 

No  danger  of  publicity  in  telegraphing  matters  con- 
cerning operation  or  sale  of  mining  property.  The  work 
strictly  alphabetical  and  claBsiQed.  The  handiest  work 
ever  published  for  mining  operators. 

PKICE,  S5.     Forwarded  postpaid  on  receipt  of  price  by 

DEWEY  &:  CO.. 

220  MARKET  STREET,  SAN  FRANCISCO. 


KROGH'S  MINING  HORSE-POWER  HOIST 


la  known  to  be  the 
Best  Horae-Power 
Hoist  now  made. 
It  is  strong  and 
diu-able. 

The  drum  will 
carry  1000  feet  of 
five-eightbg  steel 
rope.  It  can  be 
U8pd  to  run  a 
pump-or  blower 
in  conjunction 
w  i  t  li  b  0  i  .=1 1  i  D  g 
Manufactured  by 


F.f.Kroglivl 


&  Co. 

51   BEALE    ST 
San  FiaDcisco. 


142 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Feb.  22,  1890 


VALUABLE    BOOKS 

FOR 

SHEET  METAL  WORKERS. 

Tbc    Sheet    nietnl   'tVorker^M    Tnntructor  for 

Zinc,  Sheet  Ir  n.  Copper  and  Tin  Vla'e  W.  rkers,  and  others; 
Geometrical  Prolileras;  Practical  aud  Simple  Rules  for  de 
Brribirg  the  varjouB  Patterns.  By  Keiibeu  H.  Warn,  Tm 
Plate  Wnrker.  V'ith  Boiler  Making,  MeusuratioQ  of  Sur- 
faces and  S  lids,  Rules  for  Ca'eulatiue  the  Weights  of  DiE- 
fprent  Fiijures  of  Iron  and  Steel,  etc.  Elaborately  Illus- 
trated   8vo S3.00 

A.  Praetieal  'Workshop  Companion  for  Tin, 
Sheet  Iron  and  C' pper  Plate  Workers.  Gootaining  Rules 
for  Descri  ing  various  kinds  of  Patterns  'ised  by  T'n,  Sheet 
Iron  and  Copper  Plate  Workers;  Practical  Geonif-try;  Men- 
buration  of  Suifaces  and  Solids;  Tables  of  Areas  and 
Circumfereocej  of  'Ircle';  Jaoans,  Var  ishe,^,  Lacquers. 
Cements,  OompositionB,  etc.  By  Leroy  J.  Biiun.  100  Illua- 
trations.    l2rao S2-50 

OalvanizedlronrornieeWorlcvrM'  ITfannnl. 
Contain!  g  Instruct-ions  in  laying  ont  the  different  Miters, 
audniAkinv;  PnttTDs  for  all  kinds  of  Plain  and  Circular 
Work.  Also  Tables  of  Weitrhs,  Area  i  «ud  Circumferouces 
of  Circles  By  Chas.  A.  Va  le.  lUuatrated  by  21  pl>tps, 
4to S5.00 

tSK'The  above  or  any  of  our  Books  sent,  by  mail,  free  of 
pos'aqe,  at  the  publication  prices,  to  any  address  in  tiie 
world. 

tsr  Ow  large  ealalooue  of  Practical  and  Scientific 
Books,  S6 panes,  Soo,  and  oxtr  other  cataloi/ues  anid  cir- 
culars, the  whole  coverinfT  ever;/  branch  of  Scivnc^.  ax 
apf/lied  to  the  Arts,  sent  free,  and  free  af  postaoe.  to  any 
one  in  any  part  of  the  World  who  vull  furnish  ud  with 
his  address. 

HENRY  CAREY  BAIRD  &  CO., 

iNDUSTRIALPUBLIsnKns.  BOOKSELLERS  AND  ISIPORTRBS, 

alu  walnut  E»l.,  i'biladuJphia,  Jfa.,!/.  S.  A. 

THE  ROLLER  ORE  FEEDER 

[Patented  May  28, 1882.] 


THia  is  the  best  and  cheapest  Ore  Feeder  now  in  use. 

It  has  fewer  parts,  requires  less  power,  is  simpler  in 
adjustment  than  any  other.  Feeds  coarse  ore  or  soft  clay 
alike  uniformly,  under  one  or  all  the  stamps  in  a  battern 
as  required. 

In  the  Bunker  Hill  Mill  it  has  run  continuously  for  two 
years,  never  having  been  out  of  order  or  costing  a  dollar 
for  repairs. 

Golden  State  and   Miners'  Iron  Works, 

Sole  Manufacturers,  ^_ 

E27  First  Street.  San  Francisco,  Gal. 

~  STEARNS  M'F'GCO., 

29  &  31  Spear  St.,       San  Francisco,  Cal. 


il  llllfi  « 


-MANUPACTURBRfi  OP- 


HIGH-GRADE  SAW  MILL    MACHINERY, 

ENGINES,  STEEL  BOILEKS,  Etc. 

—IMPORTERS   OF— 

Munaon's  Leather  Belting,  Goodell  &  Waters'  Woodwork- 
ing Tools,  Hill's  Clutch  Pulleys  and  CouplinKs,  Emerson's 
Saws,  Emery  Wheels,  Tool  and  Knife  Grinders,  Ewart's 
Link  Belting,  L.  &  D.  Wood  Pulleys,  Hoisting  and  Pile 
Driving  Engines,  Etc. 


J.C.  WILSON.  C.  A.  O'BRIEN.. 

J.  MACDONOUGH  &  CO. 

IMPORTRRS  AND   DEALERS   IN 

COAL  ANOJIG  IRON. 

Principal  Office: 

41    MARKET  STBEET.  CORNER  SPBAH. 
Yards: 


S.  W.  Cor.  Spear  & 

Folscm, 

[Telephone  No.  1SG4,] 


S.  W.  Oor.  Main  & 
Folsom, 

SAN  FRANCISCO. 


VAN   DUZEN'S 

STEAMjetPUMP 

For  MILLS,  FACTORIES,  SHOPS,  ETC. 

For  Eleva.liiis  siiiil  t'onvt^yiKier  JLiqiiids. 
Vov  Empiyiiit;  I'its.  SiukH,  (JeHMpooLs.  etc., 

andaM  u  Viw  l*uini>. 
10  Sizes.  8"  lo  Sl75.  Every  I*uiu|»  warranted. 

Write  ior  descriptive  Pump  Circular,  v 

VAN    DUZEN   &  TIFT,  CINCINNATI.   O. 


PACIFIC    ROLLING   MILL    CO., 

NUFACTDRBBS  OP 

B  »M  steel  Firiis 


UP   TO   20,000   LBS.    WEIGHT. 

True  to  pattern  and  superior  In  etrenffth,  tougbnesB  and  durability  to  Oast  or  Wrouffbt 
Iron  In  any  position  or  for  any  service. 

GEARINGS,  SHOES,  DIES,  CAMS,  TAPPETS,  PISTON-HEADS,  RAILROAD  and  MA- 
CHINERY CASTINGS  of  Every  Description. 


HOMOGENEOUS  STEEL. 


SOFT  and  DUCTILE, 


SUPERIOR  TO  IRON  FOR 


LOCOMOTIVE  AND  MARINE  FORGINGS. 

ALSO  Steel  Rods,  from  ^  to  8  inch  diameter  and  Flats  trom  1  to  8  inch.  Angles,  Tees,  Channels  and  other  shape 
Steel  Wagon,  Buggy,  and  Truck  Tires,  Plow  Steel;  Machinery  and  Special  Shape  Steel  to  size  and  lengths 
STE£Ii  RAIIiS  from  12  to  45  pounds  per  yard.  ALSO,  Railroad  and  Merchant  Iron,  Rolled 
Beams,  Angle,  Channel,  and  T  iron,  Bridge  and  Machine  Bofta,  Lag  Screws,  Nuts,  Washers,  Ship  and  Boat 
Spikes;  Steamboat  Shafts,  Cranks,  Pistons,  Connecting  Rods,  etc.  Car  and  Locomotive  Axles  and  Frames, 
and  Iron  Forgings  of  all  kinds,  Iron  and  Steel  Bridge  and  Roof  Work  a  Specialty. 

HIOHBST  PRICE  PAID  FOB  SCRAP  IRON  AND  STBXX. 

t^  Orders  will  have  prompt  attention.    Send  for  Catalogues.    Address 

PACIFIC  ROLLINO  MILL  CO..  202  Market  St..  San  Francisco. 


FULTON     IRON    WORKS, 

HINCKLEY.  SPIERS    &    HAYES.  Proprietors. 


[ESTABLISHED    IN    1865.] 


J9£k,3tx    X*x'^«<axolfiioo. 


— MANTJFACTURBR8    OF- 


TUSTIN'S    PULVERIZER. 


MARINE     ENGINES     AND     BOILERS.- 

Propetler  Engines,  either  High  Pressure  or  Compound, 
Stern  or  Side-wheel  Engines. 

MINING  MACHINERY.— Hoisting  Engines  and 
Works,  Cages,  Ore  Buckets,  Ore  Cars,  Pumping  Engines 
and  Pumps,  Water  Buckets,  Pump  Columos,  Air  Com- 
pressors, Air  Receivers,  Air  Pipes. 

MILL.  MACHINERY.— Batteries  for  Dry  or  Wet 
Crushing,  Amalgamathig  Pans,  Settlers,  Furnaces,  Re- 
torts, Concentrators,  Ore  Feeders,  Rock  Breakers,  Fur- 
naces for  Reducing  Ores,  Water  Jackets,  etc.   , 

MISCELLANEOUS  MACHINERY.-Flour 
Mill  Machinery,  Saw  Blill  Engines  and  Boilers,  Dredging 
Machinery,  Powder  Mill  Machinerj-,  Water  Wheels. 

Tustin's  Pulverizer 

WORKS  ORE  WET  OR  DRY. 


ENGINESiBOILERS 

OP    ALL    KINDS, 
Either  for  use  on  Steamboats  or  for  ase  on  Land. 

Water  Pipe,  Pnmp  or  Air  Colnnms,  Ksh 
Tanks  for  Salmon  Canneries 

OF  BVKRY  DBaORIPTION. 

Boiler  Repairs  Promptly  attended  to  and  at  v9ry  moaerace  rates. 

AQBNT8  FOR  THB  PACIFIC  COAST  FOR  THB 

I>eetix^  Ste^iaci.  I*txixi.-k>. 

SPECIALTrES : 

Corliss  Engines  and  Tustin  Ore  Pulverizers.  DBANE    STEAM    PUMP. 

Agents  and  Manufacturers  of  the  Llewellyn  Peed  Water  Purifier  and  Heater. 


THE  GIANT  POWDER  COMPANY 

Manuiaoture  Three  Kinds  of  Powder,  which  are  acknowledged  by  all  the  Great  Chemista  of  the  World  as 

The  Safest  and  Strongest  High  Explosives  in  the  Market. 
GH-A-KTrr     I»0"WI>mi    or    I>'3rKr.A.]Vin?3E3, 

Of  Different  Strengths  as  Required. 

NOBEL'S    EXPLOSIVB     GELATINE,"    which  contains    94  per  cent  of  Nltro-Glycerlne,  and 

OELATINIE-DTNAMITE,  Stronger  than  Dynamite  and  even  Safer  in  Handling. 

JUDSON  POWDER  IMPROVED. 

FOR  RAILROADS  AND  LAND  CLEARING.  Is  fromthree  to  four  times  stronger  than  ordinary  Blast- 
ing Powder,  and  is  used  by  all  the  Railroads  and  Gravel  Claims,  as  it  breaks  more  ground,  pulverizes  better  and 
saves  time  and  money.    It  is  as  dry  as  the  ordinary  Blasting  Powder  and  runs  as  freely. 

BANDMANN,  NIELSEN  &  CO.« 

OAFS  and  FUSE  for  Sale  QENERAL  AGENTS,  SAN  FRANCISCO    CAL. 


QUARTZ  SCREENS 


A  specialty.  Round,  __^ 
or  burred  slot  holes,  Qen^ 
uine  Russia  Iron,  Homo- 
geneous Steel,  Cast  Steel  or ' 
American  planished  Iron. 
Zinc,  Copper  or  BrasB  Screens  for  all  purposes.  Cali- 
fornia Perforatinsr  Screen  Co.,  145  &  147  Beale  St ,  S.  F. 


COAL  MINES  OF  THE  WESTERN  COAST. 

A  few  copies  of  this  work,  the  only  one  ever  published 
treating  of  Pacific  Coast  Coal  Mining,  have  been  ob- 
tained, and  are  for  sale  at  this  office  for  $2.50  per  copy. 
It  was  written  by  W.  A.  Goodyear,  Mining  and  Civil 
Engineer,  formerly  of  the  California  State  Geological 
Survey. 


N.  W.  SPAULDING 

Manufacturers  of 
SPAULDING'S 

Inserted  Tootb 

AND 

CHISEL    BIT 

CIRCULAR 

Saws. 

SAW  MILLS   AND   MACHINERY 

Of  all  kinds  made  to  order.    Send  for  Descriptive  Cata 
logue.    17  and  19  Fremont  St.,  San  Franolsoe. 


Irop  apd  ^achipe  Itforl^. 


CALIFORNIA    MACHINE   WORKS, 

WM.  H.  BIRCH  &  CO.,     ' 

ENGINEERS    AND     MACHINISTS, 

No.  119  Beale  St.,       -      -      San  Francisco. 

BDILDBaS  OP 

Steam  EnEJnes,  Saw  Mills,  Mining  Machinery,  Dredging 
Machines,  Rock  Crushers,  Cable  Railway  Machinery, 
Ellithorp  Air  Brake  Co.'s  Patent  Steam  and  Hydraulio 
Elevators,  Air  Cushions  and  Air  Brakes,  POSITIVE 
SAFKTIE3.  Improved  Ram  Elevators,  Sidewalk  and 
Hand  Hoists.  B.  E.  Henrickson's  Patent  Automatic 
Safety  Catches. 

Machines  of  all  kinds  Made  and  Repaired. 
Orders  Solicited. 


Golden  State  &  Miners  Iron  Works. 

ftlannfactore  Iron  Oastinse  and  .Machinery 
of  all  Kinds  at  Oreatly  Reduced  Bates. 

STEVENSON'S  PATENT 

Mold-Board  AMALGAMATORS, 
Golden  State  Pressure  Blowers. 

Ctrst  St.,  between  Howard  Si  Folsom,  S.  F, 


rHOHAS  THOMPSON 


rHOENTOH  THOUFSON 


THOMPSON    BROTHERS. 

EUREKA    FOUNDRY, 

129  and  181  Beale  St..  between  Mission  and  Howard,  a.F 

MANnPAOTURSRS  OP  OABTINOB  OP  BVKIT  DBSORIPTION. 


M 


INING 


Engineers. 


W,  A.  GOODYEAR, 

Oivil    and    Mining    Engineer, 

MNING  EXPERT  iXB  GEOLOOIST. 
Address  "  Buslneea  Box  A,"  office  of  this  paper,  Sao 
Francisco. 


ROSS    B.  BROWNE, 

Mining  and  Hydraulic  Engineer, 

No.  807  Sansomb  St.,  San  Frahoisoo. 


ISRAEL  W.  KNOX, 
Mining  and  Mechanical  Engineer 

AND  PUnCUABINQ  AGBNT  FOR 

Mines,  Mining  Macliinery  &  Supplies. 

Mines  Examined,   Reports  and     Estimates    Furnished, 

Contracts  made,  etc 
Offlne,  387  First  St.,        San  Francisco,  Oal. 


ATTENTION,    MILLWEIGHTSl 
A  BOOK  YOU  ALL  WANT. 

LeSel's    Construction  of  Mill  Dams  and 

Bookwalter's    Millwright    and 

Mechanic. 

A    STANDARD    WORK. 

This  practical  work  of  288  pages  gives  with  full  illus- 
trations and  complete  detail  huw  to  build  or  repair  all 
kinds  of  mill  dams.  Paine  have  been  taken  to  thor- 
oughly illufltrate  dam  construction  and  rudimentary  hy- 
draulics. It  contains  Bue  cuts  of  all  the  well-known 
dams  now  in  uye,  with  a  complete  description  as  to  their 
mode  of  construction.  Mill  owners  will  find  this  a  valu- 
able work  of  reference.  Besides  complete  directions  for 
buildinfi  and  repairing  all  kinds  of  dams,  it  contains  much 
other  valuable  information  regarding'  hydraulics,  in  all 
its  branches.  No  engineer  can  afford  to  be  without  this 
handy  pocket  assistant. 

Price  50  cents,  post-paid.  For  sale  by  DEWEY  &  CO. 
220  Market  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


THE  RUSSELL  PROCESS  COMP'Y. 

TALCOTT  H.  RUSSELL,  Secretary, 
NEW  HAVEN  CONN. 

p.  O.  Box  496. 


TUBBS  CORDAGE  CO. 

(A  Corporation.) 

Constantly  on  hand  a  full  assortment  of  Manila  Rope, 
Duplex  Rope,  Tarred  Manila  Rope, Hay  Rope,  Whale  Line, 
etc ,  etc. 

Extra  sizes  and  lengths  made  to  order  on  short  notice. 

611  &  613  :Froiit  St..  San  Francisco.  Cal. 


BUTTE,    MONTANA, 

The  railroad,  mining  and  commercial  center  of  the  new 
State,  oflfera  some  of  the  best  inducements  for  invest- 
ments in 

Real  Estate,  Mines  &  Mining  Stock 

of  any  lociality  in  the  Nortowest.  For  particulars  addreaa 
The  Bvans-Terry-CiausBen  Brokerage  Oo., 
41  B.  Broadway,  Butte.  Montana. 


This  pacer  la  printed  with  Ink  Manufac- 
tured by  Oliarles  Bneu  Johnson  &  Co.,  50O" 
South  10th  St.,  Philadelphia.  Branch  Ofil- 
ces— 47  Rose  St.,  New  York,  and  40  La  Salle 
St.,  OhlcaKo.  Airent  for  the  Paclflo  Ooast— 
Joseph  H.  Dorety.  eao  Oommerclal  St,  S.  F. 


Fra   22,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


143 


IMPROVED    BELT    FRUE   ORE  CONCENTRATOR. 


The  Best  Oro  CoDoentrator  in  the  market,  having  doubln 
the  Capacity  and  doing  ita  work  aa  olo«e  as  the  plain  Bait 
niAcbine,  while  Ite  ooncentrationB  are  olean.  It  ia  used  in 
a  number  of  Mills,  the  most  notable  of  which  ia  the 
Alaaka  M.  i  M.  Co'a  Mill,  where  24  Improved  Belt  Fruea 
are  taking  the  Palp  from  120  Stampa,  cruahing  350  tone 
per  day,  and  ia  giving  entire  aatiafaction  aa  againat  48 
plain  Belt  Machinea,  taking  the  Pulp  from  the  other  120 
Btampa. 


Price  of  Improved  Belt  Frue  Vanner,  $900,  f.  o.  b. 
Price  of  Plain  Belt  Frue  Vanner,  $575,  f.  o.  b. 


Protected  by  Pateuta  December  2'2,  1874;  September  2, 
1879;  April  27,  1880;  March  22,  1881;  February  20,  1883; 
September  IS,  1883;  Jaly  24,  1888.     Patents  applied  (or. 


For  Pamphlets,  Teatimonlals  and  farther  informatio 
apply  at  othce. 

ADAMS  &  CARTER,  Agents  FRUE  VANNING  MACHINE  CO.,  Room  15, 


There  are  Over  2200  Plain  Belt  Machines  now 
in  Use. 

Thb  Uoktana  CourAKT  (Limited),  London,  October  8, 1885. 
Dbar  SiiUJ :— Havia^'  tested  three  of  your  Fruo  Vaoners  in  a  com* 
petltivo  trial  with  other  similar  mactuiies  (Triumph),  we  have  satisfied 
QuraelvoB  of  the  superiority  of  your  Vaimeri.  as  Is  evidenced  by  the 
tact  of  our  havliti;  ordered  20  more  of  your  machioeR  for  Immediate 
delivery.     Yours  truly,         THE  MONTANA  COMPANY  (Limited). 

N.  6. — Since  the  above  was  written  the  20  Tanners,  having  beea 
started,  gave  such  satisfaction  that  44  additional  Frues  and  more 
stamps  have  been  purchased.  ADAMS    &i    CARTEEl. 

No.  132  Market  Street,  San  Francisco.  Cal. 


"TRIUMPH"  ORE  CONCENTRATOR  wi™  IMPROVED  RIFFLED  BELT. 


The  competitive  trials  which  have  been  held  between  the 
"Triomph"  Ore  Concentratore,  the  "  Frne"  Vannere  and 
other  forma  of  concentrating  devicea,  do  not  warrant  the  aa- 
sertion  that  the  "l''nie  '  Vanner  is  the  best  ore  concentrator  in 
the  market.  The  tact  that  the  "Fruea"  have  improved  (cor- 
mKated)  belta  does  not  militate  againat  the  aaperiority  of  tho 
"Triumpha;"  for,  when  deaired,  they  (tho  "Triumphs")  can 
he  mounted  with  a  eoperior  belt  known  aa  the  '*  Blasdel  " 
Riffled.  

Price  "  Triumph"  Concentrators,  with  Im- 
proved (Patented)  Belt       -       -       -        $650f.  0.  b. 

Price  "  Triumph "  Concentrators,  with 
Plain  Belt 


$550  f.  0.  b.     ^S^S 


We  are  prepared  to  giiaranteo  the  euptriority  o(  the  "  Tiiumph  " 
the  "  Frue  "  or  any  other  form  of  Concentrator,  for  coin  if  need  be. 
Circulars  and  teatimouial  letters  fuinished  on  application. 


JOSHUA  HENDY  MACHINE  WORKS, 

39  to  51  Fremont  Street,     San  Francisco,  Cal, 


Both  the  **Trmmph"  Concentrator  and  *'Bla8der'  (riflied) 
Belt  are  protected  by  inonnteatable  letters  patent,  granted 
by  the  Government  of  the  United  States. 

Original  Empire  Mill  and  Mininf;  Company, 
Principal  Office,  401  California  St..  cor.  SanBome,  S.  F. 
Location  of  Works,  Orate  Valley,  Nevada  Co.,  Cal. 
Grasb  Valley,  Nsvada  Co.,  Cal.,  Nov.  10, 1885. 
Joskica  Bendy  Machine  Works,  39  to  61  Fremont  St.,  S.  F.,  Cal.: 

Gentlkmbn— I  am  pleased  to  state,  in  reference  to  the  *'  Triumph" 
Ore  Concentrator  a.  Ithat  four  (4)  of  them  were  placed  in  the  mUl  of  the 
Orielnal  Emipre  Mill  and  Mining  Company  in  April,  18S4,  and  a  thorough 
test  made  of  their  practical  oper.  tion;  and  their  elliciency  having;  been 
demonstrated,  four  (4)  more  wore  subaetiuently  introduced  as  the  comple- 
mont  of  the  Twenty  {20)  Stamp  Mill,  and  tho  eight  (8)  have  been  and  are 
now  running  with  entirely  satisfactory  results. 

At  the  Ten  (10)  Stamp  Mill  of  the  North  Star  Mining  Company,  un^ler 
my  Bupervii-ion,  four  (4)  are  also  in  suroessful  operation,  and  from  my 
observation  of  their  practical  workings,  I  am  eonvmced  that  this  form  of 
Concentrators  is  the  equal,  it  not  superior  to  any  other  style  of  VaunerB 
or  coDcentrating  devices.  DAVID  McKAY,  Jr., 

[Signed]  Sup't  North  Star  and  Original  Empire  Mining  Co. 

N.  B.  WbcQ  the  stamping  capacity  of  the  two  above  named  mills  was  in- 
creased, more  '*  Triumph  "  Concentrators  were  purchased,  and  twenty- 
eight  (28)  are  now  in  constant  successful  operation. 


CALIFORNIA    WIRE    WORKS 


MANUFACTURERS  OF 

Steel  "Wire  Rope, 

OF  ALL  KINDS  FOR 

CABLE  RAILWAYS, 

ROPEWAYS  and  TRAMWAYS. 

Mining,  Shipping  &  General  Purposes. 


ESTABLISHED  1852. 


INCORPORATED  1882. 


WIRE, 

BARBED   WIRE. 
WIRE   NAILS, 

WIRE    CLOTH   I  \i  ^  J)^j,] 

Full  Aesortment  Always  in  Stock. 


Jm^V 


OFFICE  : 

9  Fremont  Street,  San  Francisco. 

Send  for  Ulustrated  Catalogue. 


hallidie's 
Patent  VV'RE  Ropeway, 

For  the  Economical  and  Bapid 

Transportation    of   Ore 

and  other  material. 


Erected  by  Ua  Durmg  the  Paet  Fourteen  Years  in  Spans 

200  TO  2.000  FEET. 


Simple,  Economical  and  Durable. 


TKANSPOBTATION  OP  ORE  BY  HAI,I,IDII}'S  PATENT  WIKB  KOPBWAT. 


HAVE   BEEN  THOROUGHLY  TESTED 
In  all  Paris  of  the  Country. 


HOISTING  ENGINES  FOR  MINES 


1,  2,  or  4  Drums,  with  Reversible  Link 
Motion  or  Pat.  Improved  Friction. 


MADE   ONLY   BY   TUB 


LIDGERWOOD  M'F'G  CO., 

98  Liberty  St.,  New  York. 

34  and  sa  West  Monroe  St.,  Chicago. 

197  to  203  Congrese  St,  Boston. 

PAOIPIO    COAST    AGENTS, 

PARKE  &  LACY  CO.,  San  Francisco. 

Send  for  Catalogae. 


ESTABLISHED    1866. 


Pacific   Chemical  Works. 

HENRY    G.    HANKS, 

Practical  and  Industrial  Gbemist,  Assayer 
and  Geologist, 


718  MONTGOMERY  ST., 


SAN  FRANCISCO. 


lywill  report  on  the  condition  and  value  of  any  mining  property  on 
tbe  Pacific  Coast.  Bare  Chemicals  made  to  order.  InatruotionB  given  in 
AaBAylDg  and  Piaotloal  Chemistry , 


1880.  X880. 

CATALOGUE    OF   200    PAGES. 


The  matter  Is  readily 
available .  — Tradesman. 

A  Complete  Work. — 
Colliery  Enyineer, 

Handy  for  reference. — 
iiin.  and  Sci.  Press. 

Should  be  in  the  hands 
of  every  Engineer  and 
Contractor.—  Eng.  and 
Min.  Journal. 

A  valuable  addition  to 
the  literature  on  tho 
bubject. — Eng.  and  B'l'g 
Record. 


n.£LnNr: 


A  TBE&TISE  AND  HANDBOOK  ON 

ROCK  DRILLING 


-.A-KTia- 


AIR  COMPRESSING 

Mailed  Free. 


In  reality  a  hand- 
book.—-47n.  Man'fact'r. 

Supplier  a  long  felt 
warit. — Man'frs'  Becord, 

This  Catalogue  Is  one 
of  unusuil  interest  and 
value.— A  B.  Gazette. 

This  is  a  thoroughly 
good  publication. — En- 
gineeriiig  Neios. 

The  useful  information 
will  be  found  specially 
valuable.  —  Eng.  and 
B'l'g  Record. 


O 


23  Park  Place,  New  York. 


Importers  and  Dealers  In 

IRON,  STEEL,  HEAVY  HARDWARE,  CUMBERLAND  COAL,  PERKINS  AND  BURDENS 

Horse  and  Mule  Shoes,  Putnam,  Globe  and  Northwestern  Horseshoe  NaUs,  HARDWOOD  LUMBER  AND  WAGON 
MATERIALS,  Blacksmith  and  Carriage  Makers'  Supplies. 

SOL,E.   AGENTS    FOR    THB    WBL.LS    BUSTLBSS    PIPE    AND    FITTINGS, 
SnecioUv  manulaotured  tor  use  in  Artesian  Wells,  and  for  conveying  water  charged  with  Salts  and  Minerals,  Acids, 
Gases  or  other  substances  ot  a  corrosive  nature.    In  building  it  takes  the  place  o(  either  black  or  galvanized  piping 
or  gas,  water-waste,  etc.    Catalogues  and  testimonials,  from  large  users  in  the  United  States,  sent  on  application, 

413-415  MAKKET 'STREET.  SAH  FRANCISCO. 


DEWEY  &  CO.  {"^g.S'vig.f.Yal^oft'^}  PATENT  AGENTS. 


144 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Feb.  22,  1890 


JOSHUA 

Nos.  39 


HENDY  MACHINE  WORKS, 

to  51  FREMONT  STREET,  SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL 


"HENDY"  IMPROVED  "CHALLENGE"  ORB  FEEDER. 

The  "best  form  of  Feeder  ever  devised^  and  pronounced  by  reputable  mining  men  to  be  fai 
superior  to  any  form  of  **K:Oller"  Feeder  manufactured.     We  refer  to  the  follow- 
ing gentlemen  who  have  furnished  ue  with  testimonial  letters  to  the 
above  effect,  which  can  be  seen  at  our  office,   viz.: 


S.  W,  Crocker,  Supt.  Bunker  Hill  Gold  Min- 
ing Co.,  Amador  City,  Cal. 
W.  G.  Roberts,  Greenwood, Bl Dorado  Co.,  Cal. 


D.  0.  WiCKHAM,  Taylor  Mine,  Greenwood,  Cal. 
J.  R.  Tregloan,  Supt.  South  Spring  Hill  Gold 
Mining  Co.,  Amador  City,  Cal. 


WE  ARE   manufacturers  OF  THE 


"CHALLENGE,"    STANFORD,"  '  TULLOCK,"  &  '  ROLLER"  FEEDERS, 

And  will  furnish  descriptive  Catalogues  and  quote  prices  upon  applioation. 


PERFECTED 

DOUBLE 


111. 


Attached  to  each  Mill 
is  an  effective 

Automatic  Ore 
Feeder. 

THE  CRUSHING  is  done  by  the  rapid  rocking  movement  in  opposite  dibections  of 
two  heavy  castings,  the  bottoms  of  which  are  slightly  circular  in  form,  and  each  provided  with 
our  shoed. 

The  Mill  is  a  closer  Gold-Saver  and  catches  a  larger  percentage  of 
the  Clean-up  in  the  Battery  than  any  other  Mill. 

It  costs  less,  in  proportion  to  what  it  will  do,  than  any  other  mill.  There  are  no  working 
parts  to  buy  for  it,  no  matter  how  Ibng  it  is  used,  except  shoes  and  dies.  Oapaoity  of  Mill,  9 
to  10  tons  per  day.    Weight  of  Mill,  complete,  6400  pounds. 

We  manufacture,  to  go  with  the  Mill,  an 

IMPROVED    ROOK    BREAKER. 

Power  required  for  Mill  and  Rook  Breaker,  6  H.  P,     Send  foe  Cikcdlae.     Address 

TATUM  &  BOWEN, 

34  and  36  FREMONT  ST.,  ,    SAN    FRANCISCO,    CAL., 

AND    PORTLAND,   OREGON. 

MANUFACTURERS   OF   MINING  AND  SAW  MILL  MACHINERY. 


FRISBEE  WET  MILL. 

This  Mill,  with  a  weight  of  less  than  9000  pounds, 
has  a  capacity  of  three  tons  per  hour  of*  hard 
quartz  to  40  mesh ;  has  been  thoroughly- 
tested;  we  guarantee  its  work  as 
represented,  and  we  will  give 
long  time    trial. 


IT    HAS  NO  MORE  WEARING  PARTS  THAN  CORNISH  ROLLS 

And  renewals  will  not  coat  over  one-half  as  much  as  for  stamps.  Will  run  empty,  or  with  small 
amount  of  ore  without  injury.  The  attention  of  parties  having  Cement  Gravel  is  called  to  this 
Mill,  as  it  will  run  100  tons  per  day  to  No.  8  mesh;  30  to  35  H.  P. 

OUR  DRY  MILLS  are   the  most   economical  ever   built,  and  are   extensively  used  with 
record  of  several  years.     No-grinding  in  nana.     Mill  finishes  to  any  fineness  desired. 

FRISBEE-LUCOP  MILL  COMPANY. 

GIDEON  FRISBEE,  Manager,        -        -       59  &  61  First  Street,  San  Francisco 
HOOKER  &  LAWRENCE.  Gen'i  Ag'ts.  145  Broadway,  New  Yorl(. 


Vulcan  Iron  "Woi^^s, 

135-145  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco,  Oal. 

Mining  Machinery.  Steam  Engines. 


STAMP  BATTERIES, 

PANS  AND  SETTLERS, 

ROCK  BREAKERS,  ETC.,  ETC. 


SAW-MILL  ] 

CABLE-ROAD         MACHINERY. 
REFRIGERATING,! 


Special  Machinery  to  Order. 

AERIAL    WIRE    ROPEWAYS. 

(Vulcan  Patent  System) 

SINGLE,   ENDLESS   TRAVELING   ROPE, 

Elevated  on  Wooden  Posts,  frona  150  to  200O  feet  apart, 
conveyiD!;  Buckets  of  Ore,  Coai,  Wood,  etc. 

No  Possibility  of  XiOad  Slipping:, 

Cheapest  Form  of  Transportation. 

No  road  needed;    can  be  run  vertically.    No  power 
needed  if  angle  of  descent  be  more  than  8  degrees. 


CAX  SPAN   GUI-CHES   3000   FEET  WIDE. 


IMPROVED  FORM  OF  HYDRAULIC  GIANTS. 


THE  ABOVE  CUT  ILLUSTRATES  THE  IMPROVED  FORM  •  OF  DOUBLE-JOINTED  HY- 
DKAUIilC  GIANTS  whiela  we  manufacture.  We  eruarantee  purchasers  of  this  form  of  Giants  against  all 
costa,  expenses  or  damages  which  may  arise  from  any  adverse  suits  or  actions  at  law.  We  are  further  prepared  to 
furnish  Single- Jointed  Giants  when  required.  Prices,  discounts  and  Catalogues  of  our  specialties  of  Hy- 
draulic Mining  Machinery  sent  on  application, 

JOSHUA  HENDY  MACHINE  WORKS,  39  to  51  Fremont  Sf.,|San  Francisco. 


V    1.    L.X.— Number    B. 
DEWEY  &  CO.,  PuBUSHERS. 


SAN    FRANCISCO,    SATURDAY.  MARCH   1.    1890. 


Tliree  Dollars  per  Annum. 

Single  Copies,  10  Cts. 


Corliss  Engines  for  Cable  Roads. 

Oa  tbiB  page  is  an  ecgraviog  ehowiDf; 
•D  applioatioD  of  CorlUs  eDgines  of  400- 
horee  power  for  drivlog  the  cable  Rear- 
ing of  tbe  BayesBtreet  cable  railway. 
The  Union  Iron  Worka  of  this  city  have 
constructed  the  Mirket  street,  Valencia, 
Haight,  Hayes  street,  McAllister  street, 
Qaary  street,  Satter  street  and  Howard 
street  cable  railway  plants  in  Sin  Fran- 
cisco, and  have  the  most  extensive  ooU 
lection  of  patterns,  drawings  and  plans 
for  this  kind  of  work  that  exists  in  any 
BinRle  works  in  tbe  world.  The  steam- 
power  and  method  of  Rearing  varies  in 
each  oase,  bat  the  reenlts  are  quite  uni- 
form. All  the  engines  employed  are  of 
high  class,  with  variable  expansion  gear- 
ing, and  in  most  cases  coon  pounded. 
Those  of  tbe  Market-street  ayettm  have 
an  aggregate  of  350  horse  power,  divided 
into  three  sections. 

The  Union  Iron  Works  are  prepared 
to  contract  for  and  erect  complete  works 
for  cable  railways  in  any  part  of  the 
United  States,  or  in  foreign  coaotriee, 
and  to  gaaraotee  auooessfnl  working  of 
Booh  plants.  This  system  for  modern 
railways  is  steadily  gaining  gronnd,  and 
is  more  complete  and  economical  than 
the  horse-car  method.  The  system  orig- 
inated  in  San  Franoieco,  where  there  are 
now  12  lines;  and  in  no  case  have  there 


ENGINES    AND    CABLE    GEARING    OF    THE   -HAYES    STREET    GABLE    RAILWAY. 


WORKING    A    SERPENTINE    QUARRY- 


been  failares  and  losses  such  as  bare   occurred 
in  the  Eastern  S  bates. 


Serpentine  Rock. 

Inexhaustible  quantities  of  serpentine  of  a 
deep  green  or  yellowish  color  occur  in  the  re- 
gion around  San  Francisco,  and  often  in  snch 
sitaations  as  to  be  easily  available,  as  at  tbe 
head  of  Market  street.  So  far  as  opened,  none 
of  tbe  material  is  of  suoh  a  quality  as  to  render 
it  of  value  for  ornamental  work,  while  its 
gloomy  oolor  renders  It  equally  objectionable 
for  purposes  of  general  oonstruotion.  The  rock 
is  also  abundant  in  other  parts  of  the  State. 


In  Pennsylvania  this  rock  is  used  for  bnildinga. 
Qaarries  have  been  worked  at  Chester  for  100 
yeara.  The  accompanying  engraving,  from 
Merrill's  "Bailding  and  Ornamental  Stones" 
(Smithsonian  Institute),  shows  a  serpentine 
quarry.  Tbe  rook  ooours  only  in  a  jointed  con- 
dition, and  blocks  of  large  size  cannot  be  ob- 
tained. The  largest  yet  quarried  was  3  feet 
square  by  16  feet  long.  It  ia  need  in  Phila- 
delphia to  the  greatest  extent,  but  is  also  ship- 
ped to  New  York,  Baltimore,  Washington  and 
Chicago. 

The   little  town  of    Bjnlder    Creek,  Santa 
Cruz  county,  has  bad  107  inches  of  rain  so  far. 


Fig.  1.— Rock  Face. 


FiQ.  2.— Pointed  Face. 


Fig.  3.— Pointed  Face. 


^li  ifilF 

Wi 

1 

ll|l*||| 

i 

^  .  IlllJJillllll  h 

uHlj 

Pio.  #.-Tooth-Cliiselea.  Fl".  5. -Square  Drove.  Flo.  6.-Patent  Hammered. 

KINDS    OF    FINISH    FOE    STONB.-See  Page  1B3. 


146 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Mar.  1,  1890 


C[o(^f^ESfONDENCE. 


OorreBpondenta  are  alone  responHible  for  their  opiniona. 


Placer  County. 

Editors  Peess: — Placer  county  lies  in  the 
north-central  portion  of  the  State,  with  a 
length  of  95  miles  and  a  width  of  .S  to  25 
mllee,  the  western  or  Sacramento  basin 
part  containing  675,000  acres,  while  the  mount- 
ain or  Tahoe  basin  contains  170,000  acres.  The 
adjoining  counties  on  the  north  are  Yuba  and 
Nevada;  south,  EL  Dorado  and  Sacramento;  west, 
Sutter,  while  the  eastern  boundary  forms  the 
State  line. 

The  topography  is  varied,  not  only  in  the 
county  as  a  whole,  but  on  single  holdings  as 
well.  The  level  alluvial  plains  of  the  Sacra- 
mento  valley  and  the  rugged  mountains  are  re- 
peated, though  on  a  smaller  scale,  in  almost 
every  mountain  ranch,  thus  making  the  county 
not  alone  pictnresgae  but  affording  beautiful 
and  healthful  sites  for  homes,  while  the  eleva- 
tion secures  exemption  from  damaging  frosts 
and  by  reason  of  the  greater  degree  of 
warmth,  produces  not  alone  earlier  but  much 
finer  fruit. 

Products. 

By  reason  of  the  large  fruit  shipments  the 
impression  is  given  that  fruit  alone  is  grown  in 
the  county,  and  that  fruit  is  the  only  product. 
Xn  the  old  river  channels,  now  sealed  up  and 
almost  aa  effectually  closed  as  though  buried 
thousands  of  feet,  are  looked  up  millions  of  dol- 
lars in  gold.  These  are  slowly  being  reopened 
and  worked  by  drift-mining,  and  promise  in  the 
coming  century  to  produce  many  millions. 
The  quartz  mines  are  being  developed  and 
proving  very  profitable.  In  the  valleys  the 
cereals  are  grown  extensively.  The  lower 
foothills  produce  the  small  fruits,  cherries,  apri- 
cots, peaohea  and  the  citrus  fruits  ;  the  middle 
foothills,  the  grape,  olive  and  fig,  while  in  the 
higher  elevations, the  apple  and  the  pear  do  best. 
The  fruits  are  not  confined  to  any  one  locality 
or  altitnde.  The  peach  is  a  success  from  Rose- 
ville  in  the  plains,  to  Auburn,  while  the  Aloha, 
the  largest  northern  citrus  nursery  in  the  State, 
is  located  at  Auburn  and  with  its  120,000  of 
most  thrifty,  acclimated  orange  trees  shows 
how  well  the  elevated  portions  of  each  frnit 
ranch  can  be  made  to  produce  exceptionally 
fine  oranges. 

Towns. 

The  stranger  entering  the  county  from  Sac- 
ramento finds  the  beauty  and  thrift  of  the 
county  growing  as  he  advances.  At  Koseville 
the  principal  product  is  grain,  though  there 
are  some  fine  fruit  ranches  on  the  byroads.  The 
town  is  similar  to  those  of  the  plains  and  is  not 
apt  to  ImprtiBB  the  stranger  favorably. 

Kocklin  shows  more  thrift  and  business;  her 
large  granite  quarries  employ  a  large  force  of 
men,  while  the  fruit  interests  begin  to  show  in 
occasional  citrus  and  fruit  orchards. 

Loomia  ia  fast  crowding  ahead;  the  thick 
underbrush  ia  fast  being  cleared  away  and  in- 
numerable orchards  taking  the  place. 

Penryn,  though  quiet,  is  home-like.  Her 
granite  interests  are  quiet,  owing  to  the  death 
of  Mr.  Griffith,  the  owner;  but  not  so  her  frnit 
interests.  Hia  shipments  have  gone  on  increas- 
ing, while  Strong  &;  Co.  have  put  in  a  fruit- 
shipping  house  where  carload  after  carload  of 
fine  fruit  is  shipped  throughout  the  season. 
Mr.  Batler*s  famous  peach  orchard  is  half-way 
between  Penryn  and  Loomis,  while  there  is 
acre  after  acre  of  all  varietiea  of  fruits  in  every 
direction. 

Newcastle  claims  the  distinction  of  being  the 
fruit  center,  and  from  this  point  the  greater 
portion  of  the  county's  fruits  is  shipped.  It 
would  be  less  difficult  to  state  what  will  not 
grow,  and  is  not  grown,  in  this  section  than  to 
give  a  correct  list  of  all  the  fruits  and  vege* 
tables  grown. 

Auburn  is  the  county  seat  and  business 
center  of  the  countv.  While  the  fruit  ship- 
ments do  not  equal  Newcastle,  the  volume  of 
business  in  other  channels  will  exceed.  Fruit, 
however,  is  not  negleoted.  On  every  side  can 
be  seen  row  after  row  of  trees  standing  like 
plumes  against  the  hillside.  It  is  the  town  it- 
self that  impresses  the  stranger  most  favorably. 
The  succession  ot  fine  homes  with  beautiful 
yards  surrounding  them,  elegant  hotels  filled 
with  seekers  after  health  and  pleasure  and  the 
general  courtesy  of  the  citizens  toward  the 
visitor  make  Auburn  the  most  desirable  place 
of  residence  in  the  oounty.  Within  the  past 
two  years  the  improvements  have  been  moat 
marked,  as  isevlncsd  in  the  large  number  of 
fine  homes  and  business  buildings  erected  and 
in  the  course  of  erection.  The  fact  is,  the  peo- 
ple are  prospering  and  that  as  never  before. 

Applegate,  Weimer  and  Colfax  are  but  rail- 
road stations,  Colfax  being  the  larger  town  and 
having  a  few  stores.  While  the  oounty  claims 
the  belt  as  a  peach  center,  other  fruits  do 
equally  well  and  none  more  so  than  the  fig, 
lu  fig  culture  and  curing,  Placer  has  made  a 
a  anooesB. 

SoUe  and  Health, 

In  the  matter  of  soils,  the  county  is  as  varied 

:i8  are  the  opinions  of  the  citizens  in  regard   to 

heir  merita.     From  Koseville  up  to  Newcastle 

he  soil  may  be  aaid  to  be  granitio.     This  soil 

-oduoes  fine  fruit,    but  should   be   irrigated 

berally   to  yield  the  greatest  profit.    From 

iuburn  to  Colfax  the  aoil  io  slate   and  clay. 

With  tborongh  cultivation,  trees  and  vinea  can 


be  grown  succeaafuUy  without  irrigation,  though 
it  ia  generally  admitted  that  "  it  pays  to  irri- 
gate." 

'  As  in  soils,  so  in  health;  each  location  claims 
exemption  from  all  malarial  infiuences.  By 
carefully  selecting  the  site  for  the  house,  and 
olacing  it  on  the  highest  knoll,  comparative  ex- 
emption from  malaria  can  be  secured.  Low 
situations  in  irrigated  districts  are  to  be  avoided, 
not  only  in  Placer  but  in  all  parts  of  the  State. 
The  people  living  on  the  slate  soils  claim  ex- 
emption from  malaria,  and  charge  it  to  the 
granite  soil.  This  matter  can  best  be  tested  by 
a  personal  visit  in  midsummer's  irrigating  aea< 
son.  I  believe  that  the  low  lands  and  gulches 
arenot  desirable,  in  point  of  health,  but  I  am 
confident  that  owing  to  the  variety  of  the  tO' 
pography,  a  home  site,  free  from  malaria,  can 
be  secured  on  every  160  acres  of  land. 

E.  H.  SCHAEFFLE. 


An  Object-Lesson. 

Storing  Water  at  Small  Cjbt. 

The  people  at  and  about  Honey  Lake  valley 
are  fully  awake  to  the  utility  of  water  storage. 
They  had  experienced  the  benefits  of  having  a 
supply  of  water  upon  which  to  draw  in  the  dry 
season  through  a  few  small  pioneer  reservoirs 
constructed  a  year  or  two  ago,  and  the  lesson 
was  not  lost.  Last  fall  about  a  dozen  reser- 
voirs were  commenced.  A  few  were  completed 
and  work  has  been  pushed  on  others  nearly  all 
winter.  Some  of  the  dams  are  of  large  size. 
All  are  earth  embankments  faced  with  stone  or 
plank.  The  only  regret  of  the  people  now  is 
that  they  did  not  begin  work  on  their  dams 
earlier  in  the  season,  several  large  ones  not  yet 
being  completed. 

The  Lassen  Advocate,  published  at  Susan- 
ville,  says  that  all  the  reservoirs  might  have 
been  filled  ere  thia  had  the  dama  been  properly 
supplied  with  waste  sluices.  These  not  having 
been  provided,  it  has  been  necessary  to  watch 
some  of  the  dams  day  and  night. 

An  account  of  one  reservoir  and  the  situation 
at  it  will  serve  for  all  others  that  are  not  yet 
finished.  The  Bill's  Canyon  reseivoir  is  being 
built  by  Susanville  men  at  a  point  about  14 
miles  east  of  that  town.  Work  on  the  dam 
was  begun  last  September.  The  main  dam  is 
250  feet  long,  with  a  wing  extending  out  upon 
a  low  bench  a  distance  of  about  250  feet  far- 
ther. The  main  fill  will  be  40  feet  high,  with 
200  feet  base.  It  will  be  paved  with  rook  on 
the  inside  from  bottom  to  top,  and  near  the  top 
will  have  a  waste-weir  of  plank  30  feet  wide 
and  5  feet  deep.  The  water  ia  to  be  drawn  off 
for  use  through  two  iron  pipes— one  of  15  inch- 
es diameter  on  the  bedrock  and  one  of  22  inches 
diameter  11  feet  higher.  The  dam  will  fiood 
110  acres  to  an  average  depth  of  30  feet. 

It  was  expected  that  the  dam  would  be  fin- 
ished by  Peb.  1,  but  the  bad  weather  prevent- 
ed. When  the  thaw  came,  the  waste-weir  had 
not  yet  been  put  in.  To  save  the  dam  required 
the  coat  and  work  of  15  men  day  and  night  for 
4S  hours. 

The  Advocate  of  Feb.  6  says:  "  The  waters 
rose  to  the  very  top,  and  were  conducted 
through  a  out  on  the  east  end,  whioh  was  pre- 
vented from  widening  by  the  efforts  of  the 
men,  who  had  to  watch  it  every  moment  until 
the  angry  fiood  subsided.  The  two  pipes — one 
15  inches  and  the  other  22  inohes— -were  throw- 
ing out  a  stream  of  water  25  feet  from  their 
mouths,  and  the  entire  space  within  the  dam 
away  up  the  canyon  waa  one  sea  of  water." 

This  reservoir  is  built  on  no  stream,  but  has 
above  it  a  very  large  watershed.  Several  oth^r 
reservoirs  that  have  been  built  or  are  building 
depend  on  similar  watersheds.  The  Bill's 
Canyon  reservoir  will  irrigate  a  large  tract  of 
land  lying  east  of  Honey  lake.  The  embank- 
ment of  the  dam  ia  composed  of  sand  and  loam. 

The  coat  ia  not  stated,  but  for  the  benefib  of 
our  readers  who  may  think  of  undertaking  aim- 
ilar  worka,  we  will  mention  a  dam  or  two,  the 
coat  of  whioh  is  given. 

The  dam  built  for  J.  H.  Williams  has  a 
length  of  150  feet;  baae  60;  width  on  top,  20 
feet;  hight,  20  feet;  covers  200  acres  of  land  and 
irrigates  two  sections  of  land;  built  18S7,  and 
cost  §600. 

Another  reservoir  built  in  1SS7  is  500  feet 
long,  9|  high,  S  feet  wide  on  top,  and  has  a 
base  of  33  feet.  It  forms  a  lake  of  500  acres 
and  cost  only  S600.     No  living  water. 

One  more  example  which  we  shall  give,  con- 
densed from  the  J.^voca^e,  should  make  scores 
of  converts,  as  it  shows  that  it  does  not  cost 
very  "  big  money"  to  build  a  first-class  reser- 
voir. The  reservoir  of  the  Lisaen  County 
Live-stock  Co,,  completed  and  now  full  of  wa- 
ter, is  225  feet  long,  45  high,  with  a  width  of 
125  feet  at  the  base  and  12  feet  at  the  top.  It 
is  built  of  rook  and  earth,  well  packed,  and  is 
faced  on  the  inside  with  3  inch  plank.  It 
fioods  Round  valley,  a  basin  of  310  acres,  to  a 
depth  of  40  feet,  and  it  cost  but  $2000.  The 
company  ba^  a  tract  of  several  thousand  acres 
of  rich  dark  loam  which  will  be  irrigated.  The 
dam  is  fed  by  no  living  stream,  but  has  a  great 
area  of  watershed.  The  company  has  irrigated 
several  hundred  acres  of  its  land  with  the  wa- 
ter that  flowe  naturally  down  the  canyon  in 
the  spring  of  the  year. 


The  Cassel   Gold-Extracting   Process. 

Mr.  H.  A.  Jones,  general  manager  and  sec- 
retary of  the  Cassel  Cold  Extracting  Co.,  has 
arrived  in  Denver,  Colo.,  to  introduce  the 
process  there.     He  says: 

*'  Our  prooeSB,  whioh  has  been  in  practical 
use  but  little  over  a  year,  is  one  which 
will  reduce  the  most  refractory  ores  and 
decrease  the  cost  from  the  present  cost  of 
^15  to  $20  per  ton  to  $5  per  ton.  In  our  works 
in  Glasgow,  where  we  have  used  ores  from  New 
Zaaland  and  other  parts  of  the  world,  the  ab- 
solute cost  of  the  chemicals  required  in  extract- 
ing gold  and  silver  from  aiiy  kind  of  ores  was 
$1  per  ton.  This  was  the  essential  cost.  The 
rest  of  the  expense  will  be  not  to  exceed  $5 
per  ton,  and  we  make  the  reduction  in  one 
operation,  taking  the  raw  ores  from  the  mines 
without  roasting  or  concentration.  No  roast- 
ing is  necessary,  although  concentration  can  be 
applied  if  neoessary  or  thought  practicable  by 
mine-owners  or  ore-shippers." 

The  process  of  which  Mr.  Jones  is  the  man- 
ager was  invented  and  patented  by  John  Stew- 
art MaoArthur  of  Pollokshields  and  Robert 
and  William  Forrest  of  Glasgow,  Scotland, 
May  14,  1S89,  They  have  letters  p&tent  in 
South  Africa,  South  Australia,  Canada,  New 
South  Wales,  New  Zealand,  France,  Belgium, 
Brazil,  Portugal,  Italy,  Spain  and  the  United 
States. 

The  first  plant  was  erected  in  Glasgow,  and 
last  July  made  a  run  of  22  tons  of  New  Zaa- 
land  ore.  The  result  was  such  a  success  that 
another  plant  was  erected  there  and  one  in 
South  Africa.  The  fourth  one  is  being  built  at 
the  Crestone  mines  in  Saguache  county,  Colo., 
under  the  supervision  of  Dr.  M.  Werner,  who 
has  been  experimenting  with  the  new  process 
on  Colorado  ores,  besides  having  sent  60 
samples  to  Glasgow  for  treatment.  The  works 
in  Saguaohe  will  have  a  capacity  of  15  tons  per 
day  and  will  be  in  operation  about  March   Ist. 

"  The  prooesB,"  said  Mr.  Jones,  *'  will  revo- 
lutionize the  present  system  of  reducing  ores, 
and  is  no  longer  an  experiment.  When  we  can 
take  raw  orea  from  the  mines,  containing  all 
the  metals,  and  obtain  the  gold  and  eilver  by  a 
single  operation  at  a  cost  of  not  to  exceed  $5 
per  ton,  you  can  readily  perceive  the  result." 

There  is  no  secret  about  the  process.  In 
faot,  it  is  described  in  the  letters  patent.  It 
depends  upon  the  great  chemical  affinity  of 
cyanogen  for  gold  and  ailver,  and  the  ease  with 
whioh  these  metals  form  soluble  double  c^n 
ides  with  the  alkali  metals.  The  process  on  a 
Urge  scale  is  carried  out,  according  to  Mr. 
Wm.  Jones  in  the  December  number  of  the 
Engineering  and  Mining  Journal,  ai  follows: 

"The  ores,  without  any  previous  roasting  If 
sulphur  should  be  present,  ground  to  40  meah, 
are  placed  in  pans  or  wooden  vats  provided 
with  a  stirrer,  and  to  every  ton  of  the  ore  there 
ia  added  about  100  gallona  of  water  containing 
one  quarter,  one-half  or  three-quarters  of  one 
per  cent  of  cyanide  of  potassium  or  sodium  or 
other  percentage  whioh  experiment  in  the 
laboratory  shows  to  be  the  best  approximate 
strength  to  use.  The  whole  is  then  stirred  for 
four  to  eight  hours,  the  length  of  time  depend- 
ing upon  the  nature  of  the  ore.  The  liquor  is 
then  run  off,  carrying  with  it  on  an  average  85 
per  cent  of  the  gold  contents  of  the  ore  and  SO 
per  cent  of  the  ailver.  It  is  filtered,  and  the 
gold  and  silver  in  it  are  precipitated  by  paseing 
slowly  through  zlno  turnings,  when  complete 
precipitation  of  the  gold  and  silver  takes  place. 
They  attach  themselves  aa  a  loo^e  powder  to 
the  zinc,  and  are  eaaily  removed  by  ahaking  or 
stirring,  the  gold  and  silver  precipitate  on 
sludge  falling  to  the  bottom  of  the  vessel,  and 
is  removed,  dried  and  melted  In  the  usual  way." 


Old  Miners  believe  that  this  will  be  the 
greatest  mining  year  ever  experienced  in 
Southern  Oregon. 


A  TWO  FOOT  vein  of  aoHd  galena   is  reported 
in  the   bottom  of  the  Qaeen  of   the  Hilla  "mine, 

Idaho. 


The  Kara  Mines, — Mr.  Kennau  describes 
the  Kara  mines,  where  the  recent  Russian 
atrocities  occurred,  as  follows:  The  mines  of 
Kara,  whioh  are  the  private  property  of  his 
Imperial  Majesty  the  Czar,  and  are  worked  for 
his  benefit,  consist  of  a  aeries  of  open  gold 
placers,  situated  at  irregular  intervals  along  a 
small  rapid  stream  called  the  Kara  river,  which 
rises  on  the  water-ehed  of  the  Yablonoi  mount- 
ains, runs  in  a  southeasterly  direction  for  a  dis- 
tance of  40  or  50  miles,  and  finally  empties  into 
the  Shilka,  between  Stretinsk  and  tiie  month 
of  the  Argun  (Argoon).  The  name  "Kara" — 
derived  from  a  Tartar  adjective  meaning 
"  black" — was  originally  used  merely  to  desig- 
nate this  stream;  but  it  is  now  applied  more  com- 
prehensively to  the  whole  chain  of  prisons, 
mines,  and  convict  settlements  that  lie  scat- 
tered through  the  Kara  valley.  These  prisons, 
mines  and  convict  settlements,  taking  them  in 
aerial  order  from  south  to  north,  are  known 
separately  and  distinctly  as  Ust  Kara  or  Kara 
mouth,  the  Lower  Pnson,  the  Political  Prison, 
the  Lower  Diggings,  Middle  Kara,  Upper  Kara, 
and  the  Upper  or  Amurski  (Am-moor-skee) 
Prison.  Tne  administration  of  the  whole  penal 
establishment  centers  in  the  Lower  Diggings, 
where  the  Governor  of  the  common  criminal 
prisons  resides,  and  where  there  is  a  convict  set- 
tlement of  200  or  300  inhabitants  and  a  company 
or  two  of  soldiers  in  barracks. 


might  have  it  in  case  they  had  to  go  up  to  the 
mine  during  the  winter.  When  they  arrived 
at  the  spot  Monday,  they  could  only  see  a  little 
of  the  pine  tree.  The  anow  had  covered  the 
cabin,  ahovel,  and  nearly  all  of  the  tree.  It  ia 
believed  to  be  about  60  feet  deep.  The  boys, 
of  course,  came  back  to  town  without  finding 
out  whether  their  cabin  was  there  under  the 
snow  or  not,  but  they  think  that  it  will  turn 
up  all  right  in  the  spring,  with  the  ahovel  hang- 
ing to  the  tree  above. 


Didn't  Find  Out. — The  Sierra  Tribune  is 
responsible  for  the  following:  A  couple  of  the 
owners  of  the  Butte  Saddle  mine  went  up  there 
this  week  to  see  if  everything  was  all  right. 
They  did  not  take  a  shovel  with  them  to  dig  in 
the  snow  for  the  cabin  because  they  had,  before 
any  snow  fell,  tied  a  ahovel  30  feet  higher  than 
the  oabin,  to  a  pine  tree,   In   order  that  they 


New  Coal  Mines, 

Few  people  are  aware  of  the  efforts  whioh  are 
being  made  to  emanoipate  San  Francisco  from 
its  dependence  on  British  Columbia  and  Aus- 
tralia for  its  coal  supply.  Several  years  ago 
seams  of  coal  were  discovered  in  the  north* 
ern  part  of  what  was  then  known  as  Washing- 
ton Territory.  One  of  these  waa  in  the  ex- 
treme northern  part  of  the  Territory,  cloae  to 
the  Britiah  Oolnmbian  line  and  on  the  westerly 
range  of  an  extended  coal-field.  The  coal  was 
a  lignite  of  fair  quality.  Another  was  on 
Oarbon  river,  some  30  miles  northeast  of 
Tacoma.  Thia  waa  a  bituminous  coal,  hard 
and  clean,  but  not  as  rich  in  oarbon  as  the  East- 
ern ooal.  Neither  of  these  ooals  was  equal  in 
quality,  either  for  heating  purposes  or  for  cook- 
ing or  steam,  to  the  Wellington  ooal,  and  the 
railroad  has  been  obliged  to  rely  on  importa- 
tions for  the  bulk  of  its  supply. 

A  year  or  two  since  other  extensive  coal-beds 
were  diacovered,  also  in  Northern  Washington. 
An  option  waa  scoured  on  them  by  0.  P, 
Huntington,  wno  was  satisfied  from  samples 
which  he  received  from  trustworthy  sonrces 
that  the  ooal  was  as  good  as  the  Wellington. 
An  arrangement  was  then  made  with  Villard 
of  the  Northern  Pacific  to  build  a  railroad  from 
the  new  mines  to  the  seaboard  and  to  erect 
sheds  at  the  landing  capable  of  containing 
many  thousand  tons  of  ooal.  The  mines  and 
the  road  are  to  be  the  joint  property  of  the 
Southern  and  Northern  Pacific  Companies,  or 
of  a  company  to  be  formed  out  ot  their  stock- 
holders, and  to  carry  the  coal  to  San  Fran- 
cisco. Three  steam  oolliers  of  300O  tons 
each  have  been  built  or  are  in  course  of  con- 
struction. 

If  the  reports  of  the  mining  experts  are  con- 
firmed by  the  practical  working  of  the  mines, 
this  diaoovery  will  break  down  the  control  of 
our  ooal  market,  which  has  been  held  by  the 
Dansmuira  and  the  ooUieries  in  New  South 
Wales.  To  compete  with  our  own  coal  these 
foreigners  will  have  to  reduce  prices,  and  in- 
stead of  paying  $10.50  per  ton  for  ooal  in  this 
city,  householders  should  be  able  to  supply 
themselves  at  a  trifie  over  half  that  figure. 
Not  the  least  charm  in  the  prospect  is  the  im- 
possibility, after  the  new  mines  are  opened, 
of  cornering  the  market  in  San  Franoiaco  under 
the  pretense  of  a  strike  or  a  fire  in  the  mines, 

Electricitt  and  Mining. — One  of  the  great- 
est fields  that  electric  power  has  of  late  been 
called  upon  to  enter  is  that  of  mining,  remarks 
the  Electrical  World.  The  use  of  the  electric 
light  in  mines  is  not  new,  and  posaibly  its 
success  has  helped  create  the  demand  that  has 
sprung  up  for  power  appliances.  Ba  that  as  it 
may,  there  can  be  no  doubt  as  to  the  reality 
and  extent  of  the  demand,  and  vast  as  are  the 
fields  already  opened  up  for  the  electric  motor, 
it  may  be  seriously  questioned  whether  the  op- 
portunities In  mining,  the  latest  sphere  of  ita 
occupation,  do  not  surpass  all  others.  We  be- 
lieve that  1S90  is  destined  to  ba  the  conspicu- 
ona  year  aa  the  starting  point  of  eleotric  mining 
on  a  grand  scale,  as  1SS9  was  for  electrlo  rail- 
roading. One  cheering  feature  in  connection 
with  the  new  departure  we  have  thus  distin- 
guished ia  the^  hearty  welcome  accorded  the 
new  power  by  mining  journala,  mining  experts 
and  the  mining  world  in  general.  There  has 
been  at  once  an  absence  of  prejudice  and  a 
keen  appreciation  of  the  advantages  that  elec- 
tricity can  give,  and  it  now  depends  upon  elec- 
trical iuventora  and  electrical  engineers  to  riae 
to  the  occasion  and  reap  the  rewards  that  await 
ready  ingenuity  and  honest  work.  They  may 
form  some  idea  of  the  immensity  of  the  field 
from  the  fact  that  the  value  of  American  min- 
ing products  in  ISSS  exceeded  $590,000,000, 
and  during  the  past  year  the  industry  has  been 
no  less  prosperous.  It  is  the  province  of  elec- 
tricity not  only  to  aid  in  the  economical  and 
safe  production  of  this  great  wealth,  but  to 
bring  up  to  the  point  of  remunerative  pro- 
ductiveness hundreds  of  mines  that  are  worth- 
less under  other  conditions. 


Ore  and  Bullion  Yield. — Following  ia  the 
official  report  of  the  ore  and  bullion  yield  of  the 
Comstock  mines  named  below,  during  the 
quarter  ended  Dec.  31,  1889:  Justice  pro- 
duced 2846  tons  of  ore,  yielding  bullion  valued 
at  $58,779  89;  total  cost  of  extraction  and  re- 
duction, $56,610.05;  yield  of  ore  in  bullion, 
$20  05  per  ton;  total  yield  above  cost  of  pro- 
duction, $1969  84.  Bullion  tax  on  net  pro- 
ceeds, $98  49,  Occidental  Con.  produced  3140 
tons  of  ore,  yielding  bullion  valued  at  $47,760; 
total  coat  of  ore  extraction,  $18,600;  cost  of  re- 
duction and  sale,  $29,470;  yield  of  ore  in  bull- 
ion, $15,25  per  ton;  cost  of  production  above 
yield,  $400.  Orowta  Point  produced  5675  tons 
of  ore,  yielding  bullion  valued  at  $69,381.94; 
total  cost  of  extraction,  transportation  and  re- 
duction, $74,394,55;  average  yield  of  ore  in 
bullion,  $12.25  per  ton;  cost  of  production 
above  yield,  $5012  51. 


Mab.  1,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


147 


Irrigation  on  Public  Lands. 

Seoator  Stewart  haa  prepared  an  irrigation 
bill  to  be  iotrodaced  at  the  firftt  oppbrtanity, 
open  which  be  invited  the  criticism  of  the 
Western  press  and  people.  The  bill  provides  : 
Skction  1. — That  the  United  Stites  shall  con- 
fer  apon  ornanizitions,  to  be  koowQ  as  irriga- 
tion diatriots,  certain  specitied  powers,  the  tiret 
beind  those  possessed  by  all  corporations^  to 
sue,  be  sued,  have  a  seal,  acquire  the  property 
neoeasary  to  establish  a  complete  irrigation 
system  for  eaoh  district,  toeleot  otfioers  of  each 
district  by  a  popular  vote,  to  conbtrnct  reser* 
Toirs,  oanaU  and  other  hydraulic  works  neces- 
sary to  a  oomplote  system  of  irrigation,  to  make 
laws  for  the  equitable  distribution  of  water 
within  the  districts,  to  levy  and  oolleot  taxes 
upon  all  arable  lands  within  the  districts,  pub- 
lic and  private,  and  to  raise  money  for  the 
oonstraotion  and  maintenance  of  irrigating 
works. 

Sec.  2. — Whenever  the  Governor  of  a.  State 
or  Territory  in  which  an  Irrigation  district  ex- 
ists shall  notify  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior 
of  the  existence  of  sauh  organization,  and  shall 
certify  that  the  organizition  ia  in  good  faith, 
made  with  the  oonaent  of  a  majority  of  the 
people  residing  interested  tn  snch  district,  it 
shall  be  the  duty  of  the  Secretary  to  canse  a 
survey  to  be  made.  Such  district  shall  include 
in  its  boundaries  all  arable  lands  which  can  be 
irrigated  by  a  general  system  of  irrigation, 
which  can  be  regulated  by  the  same  general 
rnlee.  They  shall  also  include  in  such  district 
snob  pasture,  timber  lands,  reservoir  eites, 
lines  of  ditches  and  places  for  other  hydraulic 
works  as  may  properly  belong  to  such  district, 
and  shall  fix  a  time  within  which  irrigation 
work  shall  be  completed. 

They  shall  then  divide  the  district  into  the 
following  areas:  First,  reservoir  sites,  ditch 
lines  and  other  places  for  hydraulic  works; 
second,  lands  susceptible  of  irrigation;  third, 
pasture  lands;  fourth,  timber  lands. 

The  arable  lands  shall  be  subdivided  without 
delay  into  40,  80,  120  acre  tracts,  and  shall  be 
subject  to  entry  under  the  homestead  laws 
only.  The  arable  lands  of  the  United  States 
in  such  district  shall  be  subject  to  the  same 
charges,  taxes  and  aeGessments  as  are  imposed 
npon  private  lands  receiving  like  benefits. 

All  charges,  assessments,  and  taxes  levied 
by  the  irrigation  organiziition  upon  arable 
lands  of  the  district,  together  with  the  legal  in- 
terest on  such  charges,  shall  be  a  lien  upon  all 
arable  lands  within  the  district  to  he  irrigated, 
and  persons  who  shall  thereafter  acquire  title 
to  any  such  arable  pablio  lands  shall  take  the 
same,  subject  to  the  charges  and  interest.  All 
lands  in  the  district  ehall  be  withdrawn  from 
entry  and  sale  except  mineral  entries,  also  ex- 
cept as  provided  by  this  Act. 

Sec,  3, — Whenever  irrigation  works  necessary 
to  furnish  arable  lands  with  water  ehall  have 
been  constructed  in  a  substantial  and  durable 
manner,  according  to  plans  approved  by  the 
Secretary  of  the  Interior  within  the  time  fixed 
by  him,  and  there  shall  be  an  actual  resident 
who  is  the  owner  on  each  legal  subdivision  of 
arable  public  lands  in  such  district  entered  un* 
der  the  provisions  of  this  Act,  the  Secretary 
shall  issue  a  certificate  that  the  irrigation  of 
said  district  is  complete  and  that  the  public 
lands  therein  contained  are  in  bona  fide  posses- 
sion of  citizens  of  the  United  States  or  those 
who  have  declared  their  intention  to  become 
such,  and  that  such  citizens  are  residing  on  the 
lands. 

The  timber  pasture  lands  in  such  district 
shall  thereupon  become  the  property  of  the 
district,  and  the  district  organization  may  sell 
such  timber  pasture  lands  in  such  manner  a^ 
Congress  shall  approve.  Patents  shall  there- 
npon  be  issued  for  homestead  entries  made  in 
pursuance  with  the  provisions  of  this  Act  ;  also 
for  all  other  bona  fide  entries  of  arable  lands  in 
the  district  which  were  made  before  the  estab- 
lishment of  the  district,  provided  that  appli- 
cants for  such  lands  shall  have  performed  the 
acts  required  by  the  law  under  which  the 
entries  were  made,  but  as  to  desert  entries  no 
further  proof  shall  be  required  as  to  the  desert 
character  of  the  land  or  tbe  fact  of  reclamation. 
Sec.  4. — Whenever  an  irrigation  district  shall 
be  situated  in  two  or  more  States,  it  will  be 
necessary  for  eaoh  State  in  which  any  portion 
of  such  district  is  situated  to  confer  upon  such 
district  the  powers  and  privileges  hereinbefore 
set  forth. 

[There  seems  now  a  most  wide  and  gratifying 
interest  in  the  development  of  the  waste  re- 
gions of  the  great  West.  It  is  true  that  there 
ia  opposition  on  the  part  of  some  Eastern 
producers  who  think  that  further  extension  of 
the  food-producing  power  of  the  West  will  be 
fatal  to  Eastern  farming  specialties.  It  seems 
to  us  that  such  opposition  is  not  well  taken. 
The  Eastern  farms,  by  reason  of  their  prox- 
imity to  almost  limitless  markets,  have  an  ad- 
vantage which  can  never  be  taken  from  them, 
providing  the  producers  use  their  opportunities 
wisely.  It  is  true  that  there  may  be  needed 
some  changes  in  their  choice  of  crops  and  meth- 
ods of  farming,  but  it  seems  altogether  unlike- 
ly that  wise  productive  efforts  expended  in  the 
vicinity  of  such  vast  millions  of  capable  pur- 
chasers will  ever  be  unprofitable.  The  East 
ahoald  also  look  upon  the  West  as  but  the  field 
for  the  enlistment  of  their  surplus   population. 


In  giving  the  West  a  chance  to  grow  and  to 
offer  opportunities  for  enterprise,  the  Eastern 
people  of  the  present  generation  are  only  wise- 
ly preparing  places  for  the  prosperity  and  com- 
fort of  their  own  sons  and  daughters.  The 
West  now  gratefully  acknowledges  paternity  in 
the  East,  and  the  recognition  of  such  relations 
will  grow  wider  as  the  years  advance.  The 
enterptise  which  incites  an  individual  farmer 
to  reclaim  and  make  productive  the  swamps 
and  back  lots  of  his  own  farm  to  provide  for  a 
growing  family  is  only  on  a  small  scale  the 
work  which  Uncle  Bam  should  do  with  his  vast 
waetd  regions  to  give  homes  and  comfort  to  his 
multiplying  millions.  It  seems  to  us  that  any 
narrow  view  or  direful  apprehension  at  the 
Eist  of  the  influences  of  the  growth  and  de- 
velopment of  the  West  is  unnecessary  and  ill- 
placed.  We  trust  a  full  discussion  of  the  sub- 
ject will  rescue  the  people  of  the  East  from  the 
maintenance  of  such  views.— Eds   Press] 


A  Railroad  on  Tree  Tops. — A  well-known 
hut  curious  fact  is  thus  stated  by  the  St,  Louis 
Republic:  It  may  not  be  known  outside  of  the 
neighborhood  in  which  it  is  situated,  but  it  is 
nevertheless  a  fact  that  in  Sonoma  county,  Cal., 
there  exists  an  original  and  successful  piece  of 
modern  engineering  and  building  that  is  not  to 
be  found  in  the  books.  In  the  upper  part  of 
the  ocunty  named,  near  the  coast,  may  be  seen 
an  aotual  roadbed  in  the  tree-tops.  Between 
the  Olipper  Mills  and  Stuart's  Point,  where  the 
road  crosses  a  deep  ravine,  the  trees  are  sawed 
off  on  a  level  with  the  surrounding  hills  and  the 
timbers  and  ties  laid  on  the  stumps.  In  tbe 
center  of  the  ravine  mentioned  two  huge  red- 
wood trees,  standing  side  by  side,  form  a  sub- 
stantial   snppoit.      These    giants    have    been 


Economical  Bridges. 

(Wrltteo  for  the  Psbbs  by  Spsca] 
I  live  in  the  Coast  Range  and  have  many 
years'  experience  battling  with  the  streams 
which  often  overflow  and  sweep  fences  and 
bridges  away.  Not  one  man  of  a  thousand  can 
afford  to  hire  a  pile-driver,  nor  if  convenient  to 
make  abutments  of  stone  would  It  be  practi- 
cable when  the  floods  are  out.  For  the  light 
trafiio  of  farm-work  and  hauling  on  county 
roads,  much  the  best  way  to  replace  the  span 
of  a  bridge,  up  to  20  feet,  is  to  lay  a  mud- 
sill a  few  feet  from  the  bank,  bedded  well,  and 
place  the  sills  on  it  for  the  floor.  If  the  water 
is  likely  to  overflow  the  bridge,  then  bolt  tbe 
floor-sills  down  and  spike  the  plank.  This 
makes  a  bridge,  my  word  for  it,  that  will 
stand  "  from  tbe  first  of  June  till  the  falls  of 
the  Ohio,"  if  well  located.  One  of  the  cuts 
shows  the  ground  plan  ready  for  planking;  the 
other  figure  is  a  side  view  of  stream  and  bridge 
completed,  and  no  further  deecripkion  is  needed. 
It  will  cost  Sonoma  county  a  quarter  of  a 
million,  out  of  the  treasury,  with  private  labor 
to  make  good  tbe  damagesto  roads  and  bridges. 
There  will  be  running  and  fetching,  and  taxing 
and  spending,  all  over  California  for  the  next 
six  months  to  put  the  highways  in  shape.  A 
great  part  of  this  under-intelligent  managem . 
ent  can  be  saved.  Somebody  will  ask  how  ? 
For  answer,  let  me  inquire  of  the  reader  if  he 
ever  noticed  the  water  at  work  undermining 
a  stone  abutment?  The  first  job  the  element 
undertakes  is  to  get  behind  it,  to  bore  the  bank 
and  gnaw  at  the  revetment  of  timbers  that 
eooietimes  are  placed  for  protection.  When 
It  comes  with  the  speed  of  wild  horses  in  flight, 
from  5  to  50  feet  dtep,  the  power  is  irreaisti- 
ble.  It  is  apt  to  **get  there"  every  time; 
piles,  maaonry  and  oast-iron  piers  notwith- 
standing. Oace  let  the  hand  of  man  pat  a 
structure  in  reach,  and  it  seems  to  set  to  work 


Beady  for  the  plank. 


Covered 
SUGGESTIONS    FOR    BOONOMIOAL    BRIDGES. 


lopped  off  75  feet  above  the  bed  of  tbe  creek. 
This  natural-tree  bridge  is  considered  one  of 
the  wonders  of  tbe  Golden  State,  and  for  safety 
and  security  far  exceeds  a  bridge  framed  in  the 
most  scientific  manner. 


Will  Resome  Work  Soon. —  Capt.  Rich- 
ards, who  returned  Friday  from  the  Centennial 
mine,  had  an  interesting  trip.  At  the  month  of 
the  tunnel  he  found  the  enow  ten  feet  deep  on 
the  level.  The  current  of  warm  air  ascending 
from  the  tunnel  had  kept  open  an  Incline  as 
round  as  a  barrel,  three  feet  in  diameter  and 
ascending  to  the  snow's  surface  at  an  angle  of 
45  degrees.  Down  through  this  the  captain 
descended  into  the  tunnel,  where  he  found 
everything  in  good  condition.  The  cabin  and 
blacksmith  shop  at  tbe  mine  have  both  been 
flattened  by  the  snow.  He  will  go  up  there  in 
a  few  days  with  some  men  and  recommence 
driving  the  tunnel  ahead. — Nevada  Transcript. 

At  Victor— a  ten-stamp  mill  has  been 
erected  at  Victor,  Los  Angeles  county,  on  the 
line  of  the  Santa  Fe  railroad.  It  ia  expected 
the  mill  will  be  completed  and  in  full  operation 
within  the  next  40  days  for  crushing  the  ores  of 
the  Side-winder  mine,  distant  nine  miles  from 
Victor,  in  the  Silver  Mountain  mining  district. 
It  is  also  reported  that  an  Eaglish  company  is 
to  put  up  a  mill  about  25  miles  from  Victor,  in 
the  Holcomb  mining  district,  to  work  the  ores 
of  the  Black  Hawk  mines.  Machinery  will 
also  soon  be  built  on  the  Morongo  mining  prop- 
erty, 28  miles  from  Victor,  in  the  Morongo  dis- 
trict. 

GrUARDING   AGAINST   POSSIBLE  DANGER. — For 

guarding  against  the  perils  of  broken  electric 
wires,  when  their  ends  fall  on  neighboring  wires 
or  metallic  roofs,  either  of  which  may  become 
mischievous  conductors  of  the  fluid,  the  Elec- 
trical World  notices  a  simple  snparatus,  in- 
vented by  Mr.  E.  P.  Clark  of  New  York,  by 
which,  *'  on  the  instant  of  a  break  occurring  in 
the  circuit,  the  dyjiamo  ceases  to  generate  cur' 
rent  and  remains  inoperative  until  the  break  is 
repaired."  If  this  device  is  all  that  is  claimed 
for  it,  it  will  go  far  toward  removing  '*  the 
deadly  wire "  from  the  newspaper  reporter's 
vocabulary. 

A  GENERAL  Strike  is  threatened  throughout 
the  State  of  Alabama  involving  thousands  of 
coal  miners  and  causing  15  or  20  blast  furnaces 
to  close  down. 


The  Young  America  Gold  Mining  Co,,  Sierra 
oounty,  cleaned  up  $16,000  for  the  month  of 
January. 


with  cunning  to  destroy  it.  Now  my  mudsill 
bridge  don't  "show  its  hand"  at  all.  The 
natural  banks  are  undisturbed,  and  the  water 
flows  along  without  a  suspicion  until  it  is  too 
late,  when  it  sees  a  reflection  of  the  bridge  in 
its  bosom.  It  can't  turn  back  then.  I  have 
never  lost  a  bridge  made  in  this  way. 

The  writer  is  a  bloated  capitalist — no  matter 
as  to  the  amount.  He  owns  a  railroad,  alec — 
no  matter  how  long  a  line.  He  is  an  old  rail- 
road engineer  by  profession,  and  thinks  that 
experience  has  taught  him  a  few  things — a  lit- 
tle common  sense  for  one  thing.  He  haa  fre- 
quently adopted  the  mudsill  plans  for  railroads, 
as  well,  and  found  them  admirable  substitutes 
for  more  enduring  strnotures. 


Precaution  Against  Mine  Fires, — Since 
the  great  tire  at  the  Anaconda  and  St.  Law- 
rence mines,  Montana,  there  have  been  watch- 
men placed  at  the  other  mines  after  the  differ- 
ent shifts  go  off,  who  take  their  regular  trips 
through  the  stopes  and  other  parts  to  see  if  any 
candles  are  left  burniug,  endangering  tbe  prop- 
erty thereby.  On  going  through  the  600-foot 
levels  the  other  morning,  they  discovered  in 
the  High  Ore  a  number  of  snuffs  left  burning, 
strictly  against  the  rules  of  the  company  for- 
bidding miners  to  leave  any  lights.  The  oc- 
currence was  reported  to  the  foreman,  who  laid 
off  14  of  the  miners  working  on  that  level  for 
their  neglect. 


What  Is  to  be  Used  for  Floor  Beams  ? — 
Fire-proof  buildings,  with  every  floor  loaded 
down  with  merchandise  that  burns  equal  to 
the  best  hind  of  kindling-wood,  must  make  a 
raging  furnace  when  once  a  fire  gets  well  under 
way,  especially  when  the  bight  for  draught  and 
open  doors  beneath  Is  all  that  could  be  asked 
for  to  keep  up  a  blaze.  The  question  now 
arises,  what  ia  to  be  used  for  floor  beams  ?  Iron 
girders,  loaded  down  with  brick  arches,  and 
having  all  the  load  that  they  can  support  when 
cold,  need  not  be  heated  much  to  let  the  floor 
break  through. 

About  Yuma. — Claims  are  being  taken  up 
about  Yuma,  and  many  of  them  are  claimed  to 
be  very  rich.  Much  work  has  been  done  on 
different  claims  and  rich  ore  taken  out,  but  as 
yet  no  mill  is  in  operation  in  that  vicinity,  and 
work  is  at  disadvantage.  Parties  interested 
are  preparing  to  put  a  mill  in  as  soon  as  possi- 
ble, and  when  this  is  done,  no  doubt  there  will 
be  a  large  and  permanent  camp  established. 
The  recent  silver  discoveriea  at  San  Felipe  have 
also  aroused  interest,  and  many  prospectors 
have  gone  there. 


A  Test  of  steel  Ties. 

Some  time  ago  acme  of  the  railroad  com- 
panies in  the  East  determined  to  test  eteel  ties 
as  a  substitute  for  wooden  ones.  John  W. 
Clarke,  roadmaster  of  tbe  Chicago  &  Western 
Indiana  Rillroad  Company  and  the  Belt  Rail- 
way Co.  of  Chicago,  in  the  latter  part  of  January 
made  the  following  report  in  relation  to  the 
ties  of  steel  that  were  laid  on  a  part  of  the  sys- 
tem over  which  he  has  control  : 

I  beg  to  say  that  steel  ties  were  laid  on  the 
Ist  of  October,  1SS9;  and,  as  you  are  aware, 
they  were  put  in  at  the  above  location  on  the 
south-bound  track  for  the  reason  that  at  this 
point  tbe  ballast  is  very  light  gravel,  which 
would  make  the  test  much  more  severe  than 
if  they  had  been  put  in  at  another  location  of 
the  road.  The  traffio  on  this  section  is  eighty 
regular  trains  In  one  direction  every  24  hours, 
the  heaviest  engine  being  96,000.  pounds,  with 
15,000  pounds  on  each  pair  of  drivers.  So  far 
the  ties  have  given  perfect  satisfaction,  requir- 
ing but  slight  attention,  and  that  only  .when 
first  laid.  There  are  no  loose  bolts,  clips  or 
nuts,  and  so  far  have  been  none.  It  would  be 
impossible  for  me  to  estimate  correctly  at  the 
present  time  the  saving  in  maintenance,  as  the 
ties  have  not  been  in  service  long  enough.  I 
believe,  however,  that  there  will  be  a  great 
saving  in  maintenance,  as  the  only  thing  to 
need  attention  Is  the  bolts  and  clips,  and  so  far 
they  have  shown  no  indication  of  weakness  in 
any  particular.  There  has  been  no  upheaval 
of  the  ties  where  the  ground  is  frozen,  and 
from  present  indications  I  hardly  believe  that 
such  will  occur.  The  ties  are  in  good  line  and 
surface,  and  hold  the  rails  in  an  upright  rigid 
position,  so  that  the  wear  on  the  rail-head  seems 
to  be  more  uniform  and  even  than  where  wood 
ties  are  used.  I  am  free  to  say  that  the  ties 
have  so  far  surpassed  all  my  expectations. 
There  seems  to  be  no  possibility  of  spreading  of 
the  rails.  Should  a  rail  break,  there  would  be 
less  liability  to  accident,  for  the  reason  that  the 
fastenings  hold  the  rails  absolutely  Arm  and 
rigid.  I  believe  that  the  saving  in  mainte- 
nance that  will  eventually  be  shown,  and  the 
absolutely  safe  permanent  way  which  these  ties 
make,  to  say  nothing  of  their  greater  life,  will 
show  greatly  in  their  favor. 

California  Historical  Society.  —  At  a 
meeting  of  the  California  Historical  Society, 
held  Saturday  afternoon,  the  following  named 
were  elected  as  cffioers  for  the  ensuing  year: 
J.  K.  Jarboe,  president;  George  Davidson, 
William  Norris  and  A.  Varsi,  vice-presidents; 
James  A.  Bonahoe,  treasurer;  A.  S.  Hubbard, 
secretary;  Committee  on  Publication — John  T. 
Doyle,  William  Gary  Jones  and  William  Nor- 
ris. These  three  .last-named  gentlemen  will, 
with  Horace  Davis,  J.  V.  Coffee,  E,  R.  Taylor, 
R,  C.  Harrison  and  Bernard  Moses,  also  consti- 
tute the  Board  of  Directors. 


A  Legal  Day's  Labor  — T.  H.  Cox,  who 
worked  for  the  Central  Street  Riilway  Com- 
pany of  Sacramento  for  90  days  as  a  driver  and 
conductdr,  has  sued  the  company  to  recover 
$45  alleged  to  be  due  him  for  overtime.  He 
worked  14  hours  a  day,  and  bases  his  action 
upon  an  Act  of  the  Legislature,  adopted  March 
U,  1887,  providing  that  12  hours  a  day  shall 
constitute  a  statutory  limit.  This  will  be  tbe 
first  test  of  the  law,  and  if  Cox  succeeds  in 
winning  hia  suit  it  will  in  all  likelihood  involve 
a  majority  of  railroad  companies  in  the  State. 

To  Mend  Rueiiek  Boots. — The  following  is 
said  to  be  a  good  way  to  repair  rubber  boots  : 
Dissolve  small  pieces  of  rubber,  not  vulcanized, 
in  warm  spirits  of  turpentine  to  the  consistency 
of  thin  molasses.  Rub  the  patch  and  boot 
thoroughly  with  sharp  sandpaper.  Smear  both 
with  liquid  rubber  five  times,  letting  them  dry 
each  time.  At  the  sixth  application,  apply  the 
patch  with  strong  pressure  to  the  boot  and  it  ia 
mended. 

South  Africa. — *' A  stampede  is  being  made 
to  Witwatesrand,  South  Africa,  rivaling,  it  is 
said,  the  old  days  of  '49,  when  the  gold  fever 
raged  in  California.  During  the  past  year  no 
fewer  than  1500  stamps  have  been  laid  down  at 
Witwatesrand,  thus  bringing  the  total  number 
up  to  2000.'*  The  above  statement  was  made 
by  "  promoters  "  for  the  sale  of  mining  prop- 
erty in  that  district.  The  total  number  of 
stamps  there  does  not  exceed  750. 

A  Crematory. — The  Board  of  Directors  of 
the  San  Francisco  Cremation  Company  will 
soon  commence  the  erection  of  a  crematory  on 
their  lot,  situated  on  the  northeast  corner  of 
California  street  and  Laurel  avenue.  They 
have  issued  a  circular  to  the  public  announcing 
their  determination  to  commence  business  in 
the  near  future,  setting  forth  their  aim  and  ob- 
ject, and  soliciting  aid  to  carry  out  their  nnder- 
taking. 

The  property  of  the  Baltimore  M,  Co,  on 
American  Flat  has  been  attached  by  the  Sheriff 
as  security  for  payment  of  $3028  due  on  a 
promissory  note  drawn  in  favor  of  Jaoob  Bartz  ■ 
of  San  Francisco. 


The  Red  Cloud  group  of  mines,  Wood  River, 
Idaho,  was  sold  for  $250,000,  last  week,  to 
Standard  Oil  Co.  men. 


The  supply  of  skilled  miners  at  Butte,  Mon- 
tana, is  reported  as  being  in  excess  of  the 
demand. 


148 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Mar.  1,  1890 


n]lNl]\JG   gUMMAl^Y, 

The  folloxFinB  In  motrtly  coudenaed  from  joumalB  published 
in  the  interior,  in  proximity  to  the  mines  mentioned. 


CALIFORNIA. 

.  Amador. 

Amador  Gold  Mit^F..— Ledger,  Feb.  23:  The 
afternoon  shift  on  repairing  to  the  mine  last  Satur- 
day, on  learning  that  they  could  not  get  their  pay 
that  day  as  they  had  been  led  to  expect,  refused 
to  go  to  work,  and  returned  to  their  homes.  The 
other  shifts  followed  suit.  No  work  has  been  done 
around  the  mine  since,  except  keeping  the  water 
out.  Work  on  the  car-track  to  the  mill  has  aUo 
come  to  a  standstill.  Some  So  hands  are  thus 
brought  to  temporary  idleness.  This  hitch  is  gen- 
erally attribuied  to  some  misunderstanding  among 
the  stockholders.  Since  the  above  was  written,  the 
difficulties  among  the  stockholders  have  been  set- 
tled. The  men  were  promised  one  month's  wages 
to-day,  Saturday;  those  who  wanted  to  quit  to  be 
paid  in  full.  It  is  also  understood  that  a  change 
of  superintendent  will  take  place  the  first  of  next 
month.  John  I.  Minear  will  retire,  and  a  gentle- 
man now  in  Oklohoma,  whose  name  we  have  not 
been  able  to  get,  will  succeed  him.  The  miners 
will  go  to  work  again  in  a  few  days,  by  the  first  of 
the  month  at  the  farthest.  iVIr.  Sutherland,  a  min- 
ing expert  who  was  sent  out  to  report  upon  the 
property,  made  a  thorough  examination  of  the  un- 
derground works  last  week,  and  was  highly  pleased 
with  everything.  In  fact,  the  mine  far  exceeded 
his  expectations,  and  his  opinion  is  that  there  is  a 
great  future  before  it.  He  left  with  the  other  par- 
ties for  San  Francisco  on  Tuesday  morning. 

Keystone.— Although  but  little  is  said  about 
thn  improved  prospects  oF  the  Keystone,  the  idea 
being  to  keep  the  matter  as  quiet  as  possible,  there 
is  no  doubt  about  the  fact  of  a  valuable  strike  be- 
ing made  on  the  r4ao-foot  level  of  this  mine.  The 
new  ore  body  is  said  to  be  from  14  to  16  feet  wide, 
a  large  portion  of  it  being  of  excellent  grade.  The 
strike  has  been  made  at  the  south  end  of  Ibe  claim, 
toward  the  boundary  line  of  the  South  Spring  Hill 
mine.  They  are  still  crosscutting  west  in  the  be- 
lief that  still  another  ledge  exists  in  that  direction. 
Report  says  that  the  mill  is  to  be  started  to  its  full 
capacity  next  moHth.  The  flow  of  water  in  the 
mine  has  moderated  since  the  heavy  storms  of  last 
month,  and  is  now  within  easy  control. 

New  London.— The  new  mill  had  bfen  running 
but  a  few  hours  when  an  examination  of  the  plates 
revealed  the  gratifying  fact  thit  the  rock  was  yield- 
ing handsomely.  Everything  points  to  this  prop- 
erty at  once  taking  its  place  among  the  steady  gold 
producers  of  the  county.  It  will  do  a  good  deal  to 
relieve  the  dullness  of  Plymouth,  incident  to  the  shut- 
ting down  of  the  town's  mainstay  of  support— the 
Plymouth  Consolidated  mines. 

McKenzie.  —  The  prospects  of  this  property 
have  vastly  improved.  After  a  run  of  two  weeks 
the  cleanup  this  week  yielded  more  than  the  out- 
put  of  any  two  months  since  the  mine  has  been 
started.  The  ore  now  in  sight  is  very  rich.  Some 
samples  show  free  gold  in  considerable  quantity. 
The  mill  was  brought  to  a  standstill  early  in  the 
week,  owing  to  the  ditch  having  been  choked  up 
with  snow.  It  will  be  started  again  as  soon  as  the 
weather  moderates. 

oalaveraa. 
Rich  Gravel,— Projr/fr/.  Feb.  22:  It  is  report- 
ed that  there  is  eight  teet  of  gravel  in  the  Union 
Shaft  mine,  and  free  gold  can  be  seen  all  through  it. 
Inyo. 
Argus  Range  MmES.—Indepe/idetil,  Feb.  21; 
Frank  Bennett,  an  old-time  prospector,  has  located 
S3  mining  claims  in  the  Argus  Range  in  the  neigh- 
borhood of  the  Higgin  mine  and  the  Riley  mill. 
Last  Sunday  he  went  into  Mojave  with  a  wagon- 
load  ot  samples  of  ore  from  15  of  the  claims.  The 
ore  was  sent  to  San  Francisco  to  be  worked  for  a 
test.  Recently  several  parties  from  Los  Angeles 
went  to  the  district  with  Bennett  and  examined  the 
claims.  He  bonded  several  of  the  mines  to  these 
parties.  He  says  these  men  will  put  up  a  mill  at  a 
point  convenient  to  the  mines  and  will  give  miners 
a  privilege  to  work  any  of  the  claims  for  a  term  of 
two  or  three  years,  and  the  miners  have  the  entire 
proceeds  for  developing  the  mines.  Bennett  says 
men  who  will  work  can  make  good  wages  from  the 
start.  The  business  men  of  Los  Angeles  appear 
very  willing  and  anxious  to  help  develop  the  mining 
resources  of  Inyo  county. 

Borax.— There  are  five  teams  engaged  in  haul- 
ing borax  from  the  works  in  SUine  valley  to  the  rail- 
road; two  belonging  to  Schober  and  one  each  to 
Marshall,  Hall  and  Smith.  They  have  been  hung 
up  during  the  past  week  because  of  snow. 
Placer. 
Eclipse. — Placer  Herald,  Feb.  22:  The  Eclipse 
mill  will  be  running  next  week.  The  battery  and 
the  ore-bio-are  in  place  and  all  that  remains  to  be 
done  is  to  put  in  the  grizzlies.  A  large  quantity  of 
ore  has  been  taken  out.  This  ore  prospects  very 
well. 

SUNNY  South. — Placer  Ar^us,  Feb.  22:  H.  T. 
Power  came  down  from  Sunny  South.  Monday,  to 
look  after  the  Burnham  estate,  of  which  he  was  ap 
pointed  executor.  He  says  they  have  been  working 
only  about  half  the  usual  force  for  some  time,  in  the 
Hidden  Treasure  mine,  but  will  put  on  the  full  force 
as  soon  as  the  weather  clears  up,  and  he  hopes  for 
good  returns. 

Mayflower.- F.  Chappellet's  resignation  of  his 
position  as  superintendent  of  the  Mayflower   mine 
has  finally  been  accepted.     Mr.  Chappellet's   health 
is  not  the  best,  and  he  will  have   a   needed   respite. 
■  Mr.  Beach,  who  has  acted  as  assistant,  will  take  Mr. 
Chappellet's  place  for  the  present. 
Stiasca. 
Rich  Rock. — Redding  Free  Press,  Feb.  22:  This 
week    a  rich   strike   is   reported  in  the  Hart  &  Day 
mine,  at  Old  Diggings,  at  a  depth  of  500  feet.     The 
rock  is  said  to  be  very  rich,  and  this  depth  indicates 
that    the  mine  is  a  valuable   one.     A   good  deal   of 
work  has  been  done  on  this  mine,  but  until  lately  it 
has  been  of  a  superficial  character. 

San  Dlef^o. 

The  Colorado  Placers.  —Yuma  7'imes,  Feb. 
20:  From  Mr.  Thomas  E.  Fraser  of  the  Colorado 
River  Placer  Co.,  we  learn  that  the  reported  perma- 
nent suspension  of  work  at  the  Pot-holes  is  false  in 
every  particular.   The  cessation  of  work  will  not  ex- 


ceed ten  days  at  the  longest.  The  present  manager, 
Mr.  Jackson,  has  disposed  of  the  major  portion  of 
his  interest  to  California  parties  who  will  energetic- 
ally prosecute  developments.  A  stockholders'  meet- 
ing was  held  several  days  since,  and  another  meet- 
ing will  take  place  on  Friday  next,  when  plans  for 
more  extensive  operations  than  have  been  accom- 
plished heretofore  will  be  discussed  and  adopted. 
A  bright  future  is  in  store  for  the  company. 

Siskiyou. 

Salmon  River,- Cor.  Yreka  Journal,  Feb.  15; 
Six  miles  above  the  town  of  Sawyer's  Bar,  the  Har- 
ris brothers  have  been  industriously  engaged  in  hy- 
draulic mining  for  a  number  of  years.  They  were 
not  possessed  of  means  to  purchase  improved  ma- 
chinery or  dig  long  ditches  to  bring  a  big  supply  of 
water  to  their  ground.  Last  fall  an  agent  for  the 
Tioga  company  of  San  Francisco  cam  >  viewed 
and  prospected  thp  gravel,  and  made  "ih^-n  a  offer 
to  bond  the  claim  for  one  year,  for  $30,000.  This 
proposal  they  accepted.  The  company  intend  to 
commence  work  in  the  spring,  by  digging  a  ditch 
four  miles  in  length,  and  shipping  giants  and  every- 
thing necessary  to  work  the  claim,  in  a  rapid  man- 
ner. The  agent  gave  it  as  his  opinion  that  the 
gravel  would  yield  $ro,ooo  to  the  acre.  The  Gold 
Hill  hydraulic  mine,  owned  by  Wm.  E.  Kline,  is 
one  of  the  best  paying  properties  on  Salmon  river. 
It  is  close  to  town  on  the  opposite  side  of  the  river, 
and  has  been  worked  in  a  limited  manner  for  8  or 
10  years.  The  former  owners  for  some  reason  were 
unable  to  make  it  pay.  The  supply  of  water  to 
►work  this  claim  is  obtained  from  Jessup's  gulch. 
Kline  became  the  owner,  and  went  to  work  with  a 
vim.  Last  season  was  a  very  dry  one,  and  he  had 
water  only  two  months,  yet  he  took  out  over  $1200. 
He  has  built  two  large  reservoirs  in  which  to  store 
the  water,  run  a  long  bedrock  cut  to  open  his 
ground  from  the  lower  end,  aad  has  everything  in 
good  shape  for  the  coming  season.  Three  miles 
down  the  river,  on  Steamboat  fiat,  is  a  hydraulic 
mine  owned  by  the  Hickey  brothers.  Their  claim 
is  rigged  with  all  the  modern  improvements,  and 
when  worked  pays  well.  They  obtain  water  from 
Shelatoe's  gulch,  which  affords  a  head  for  3  or  4 
months,  on  an  average.  Last  fall  they  rigged  up  a 
river  claim,  opened  a  cut  and  performed  consider- 
able work,  but  did  not  reach  bedrock  before  the 
storms  set  in,  so  they  postponed  work  until  next 
summer.  The  richest  and  most  extensive  hydraulic 
mines  of  the  North  Fork  of  Salmon  river  are  sit- 
uated five  miles  below  Sawyer's  Bar,  and  owned  by 
Abraham  Ahlgreen,  a  Russian  citizen  of  the  United 
States.  One  of  the  claims  is  known  as  the  Red  Hill 
and  the  amount  of  dust  it  has  produced  would  load 
a  pack  mule.  It  still  pays  well,  but  will  ere  long  be 
worked  out.  Below  the  Red  Hill  is  his  lower  claim, 
and  at  the  present,  and  for  some  years  past,  the 
most  remunerative  in  this  section.  From  $600  to 
$1000  per  week  has  been  cleaned  up  for  a  week's 
run.  He  employs  from  8  to  10  men  when  both 
claims  are  in  operation.  He  has  the  best  water 
right  on  Salmon  river,  which  affords  water  for  lo 
months  in  a  year  on  an  average,  and  is  taken  from 
the  Little  North  Fork. 

Tuolumne. 
San  Giuseppe  Mine.— Sonora  Democrat,  Feb. 
22:  This  mine,  located  within  the  limits  of  the 
town  of  Sonora,  has  been  sold  to  San  Francisco 
parties,  represented  by  W.  G,  Whorf,  who  is  now 
here  and  who  will  have  charge  of  the  mine.  The 
mine  is  regarded  by  those  who  have  followed  its  de- 
velopment as  a  valuable  property,  and  the  results  of 
all  the  ore  worked  in  the  mill  prove  this  opinion  to 
be  well  founded.  It  is  a  peculiar  mine  in  some  re- 
spects, for  it  is  essentially  a  sulphuret  mine,  con- 
taining very  little  free  gold.  The  bullion  is  of  un- 
usually high  fineness,  reaching  $20.48  per  ounce, 
$20.67  being  chemically  pure  gold,  and  those  who 
know  whereof  they  speak  say  there  are  only  two 
other  known  mines  that  produce  bullion  of  such 
great  fineness.  The  sulphurets  are  of  extremely 
high  grade,  having  average  value  of  $580  per  ton. 
The  mine  will  be  vigorously  worked  by  the  new 
ownership. 

NEVADA. 

Wasboe  DiBtricc. 

Sierra  Nevada.— Virginia  ChronUU,  Feb.  23: 
On  the  630  level  are  cutting  out  a  shaft  station. 

Union  Con.— On  the  1465  level  from  the  north 
lateral  drift,  opposite  west  crosscut  No.  4,  an  east 
crosscut  is  advanced  46  feet  in  porphyry. 

Mexican.— On  the  1465  level,  west  crosscut  No. 
3,  100  feet  south  of  No.  2,  the  north  drift  from  west 
crosscut  No.  i,  from  the  main  north  lateral  drift,  is 
extended  84  feet,  continuing  in  a  porphyry  forma- 
tion. 

Ophir.— On  ^he  1300  level  from  the  end  of  the 
east  crosf-ti  "'  3.-n  the  shaft  station,  a  south  drift  is 
advanced  395  feet,  from  the  end  of  the  east  crosscut, 
316  feet  from  the  shaft  station,  continuing  in  por- 
phyry and  quartz. 

Con.  Cal.  &  Va. — The  1300,  1435.  1500  and 
1600  levels  continue  to  yield  the  usual  quantity  of 
ore.  Shipped  to  the  Morgan  mill  1075  tons  and  390 
pounds  of  ore.  and  to  the  Eureka  1672  tons  and 
1970  pounds;  baitery  sample  assays  showing  an  av- 
erage value  of  $27.46  per  ton.  Bullion  valued  at 
$77,025.86  shipped  to  the  Carson  mint. 

Gould  &  Curry.— On  the  200  level  from  the 
southwest  drift,  at  a  point  335  feel  from  west  cross- 
cut No.  I,  west  crosscut  No.  2  is  advanced  30  feel. 
Formation,  porphyry  and  quartz  showing  some 
value. 

Best  &  Belcher.— On  the  looo  level  east  cross- 
cut No.  I  is  extended  175  feet.  Formation,  porphy- 
ry and  clay. 

'  North  Gould  &  Curry  and  East  Best  & 
Belcher.— Drifting  west  from  both  shafts  in  a  fa- 
vorable formation. 

Savage. — Shipped  340  tons  of  ore  showing  an 
average  value  of  $22.05  by  battery  sample  assays. 
The  falling  off  in  ore  shipments  was  due  to  a  snow 
blockade  of  ore  side-tracks.  Raise  No.  i  above  the 
400  level  continues  in  fair-grade  ore. 

Hale  &  Norcroes.  —  Shipped  during  the  week 
200  tons  of  ore,  showing  a  value  of  $20.75  per  'on  by 
pulp  assays.  Ore  shipments  were  suspended  during 
past  five  days  on  account  of  snow  on  the  ore  side- 
track leading  to  the  Nevada  mill, 

Chollar.— During  the  past  week  crushed  400 
tons  of  ore,  pulp  assays  showing  an  average  value 
of  $20.87  per  ton. 

PoTosi.— The  930  level  east  crosscut  continues  in 
quartz  and  porphyry. 


Andes. — Finished  cleaning  middle  compartment 
of  main  shaft.  Now  sinking  sump  preparatory  to 
drifting  on  420  level. 

Imperial. — The  300  level  west  crosscut.  No.  2, 
is  still  in  porphyry.  The  500  level  west  crosscut  con- 
tinues in  quartz.  The  500  level  north  drift  is  out 
1390  feet  from  the  Yellow  Jacket  shaft.  But  little 
progress  was  made  in  explorations  the  past  week  on 
account  of  break  in  Yellow  Jacket  air  compressor. 

Alpha. — The  600  north  drift  is  in  quartz.  The 
500  level  west  crosscut  has  entered  a  favorable  vein 
formation. 

Exchequer. — The  500  level  line  east  crosscut  is 
in  quartz  !>howing  value. 

Overman.  —  Ore  shipments,  suspended  during 
the  week  on  account  of  blockade  of  ore  side-tracks, 
will  be  resumed  next  week. 

Caledonia.— West  crosscut  No.  3  has  entered 
low-^rade  ore. 

Yellow  Jacket.  —  Ore  shipments  and  under- 
ground work  suspended  two  days  during  the  week 
on  account  of  break  in  air  compressor.  Explorations 
and  shipments  resumed  to  day. 

Crown  Point.— Shipped  during  the  week  150 
tons  of  ore  showing  an  average  value  of  $18.50  per 
ton  by  pulp  assays.  Falling  off  below  usual  average 
was  due  to  snow  blockade. 

Belcher. — The  850  level  east  crosscut  is  in  low- 
grade  quartz  and  porphyry.  The  200  level  south 
drift  is  in  porphyry.  The  600  south  drift  is  show- 
ing some  quartz  and  clay. 

Seg.  Belcher.— The  1200  north  drift  from  the 
winze  is  stripping  ore  of  fair  grade. 

Justice.— During  the  week  crushed  215  tons  of 
ore  of  the  usual  average  assay  value. 

Alta.— Crushed  310  tons  of  ore  during  the  week, 
battery  samples  showing  an  average  assay  value  of 
$24.75  per  ton. 

Utah.  — On  the  6ao  level  the  southeast  drift  from 
the  shaft  station  is  extended  937  feel.  Formation, 
soft  porphyry,  clay  and  quartz. 

Occidental  Con.— Continue  to  extract  ore  of 
good  quality  from  the  slopes  on  the  400  and  450 
levels.  The  raise  100  feet  south  of  No.  3  raise  is  up 
25  feet  and  continues  in  fair  quality  ore.  The  550 
line  east  cioascut  is  advanced  10  feet  in  porphyry 
and  clay.  A  south  drift  from  the  end  of  the  line  west 
crosscut  is  extended  seven  feet  in  porphyry  and 
quartz  showing  value. 

North  Occidental.  —  The  550  level  joint  east 
crosscut  is  extended  10  feet  in  porphyry  and  clay. 
The  north  drift  from  the  line  west  crosscut  is  extend- 
ed nine  feel  in  porphyry  and  quartz  showing  value. 
Aurum  District. 
Bullion  Producing. — White  Pine  News,  Feb. 
15  :  The  Davis  &  Sanford  property  has  been  a  bull- 
ion-producing and  paying  property  for  several  years. 
The  owners— Simon  Divis  and  Ben  Sanford — have 
been  shipping  their  rich  ore  to  Salt  Lake  and  storing 
their  lower  grade  at  the  mine.  If  the  property,  which 
has  shown  itself  to  be  valuable,  is  not  sold,  the 
owners  will  put  up  a  mill  themselves. 

Cherry  Creek  District. 
Brighter  Prospects. —White  Pine  Neivs.  Feb, 
15:     Cherry  Creek,  which  in  the   past   seven  years, 
through  the  malpractice  of  her  mining  doctors,  has^ 
received  more  black  eyes  and   foul  "  under  the  belt" 
blows  than  a  fighter  in  a  prize-ring,  is  manfully  bat- 
tling the  odds  against  her,  and  though  recently  sent 
to  "grass"   by  a  legal  knockout,  her  people  wri'e 
us  she  will    come  to  the  "scratch'*   again  in   the 
spring  and  renew  the  struggle  with  brighter  pros- 
pects of  success.    Cherry  has  by  far  the  best  defined 
mineral  ledges  of  any  camp  in  the  county. 
Bureka  District. 
Furnaces.— Eureka  Sentinel,  Feb.    15:     Eureka 
Con,    furnace   No,    i    is  being  fitted  up.     Both  fur- 
naces will  be  ready  for  use  by  the  time  that  the  com- 
pany will  be  ready  to  resume  smelting,  which,  prob- 
ably, will  not  be  before  the  ist  of  April. 
Granite  District, 
Gold.— While   Pine  News,    Feb.   15:     A  report 
reaches  us  from  down  the  valley  that  a  rich  strike  of 
gold  ore  has  been  made  in  the  south  end  of  Granite, 
Wm.  Dodd,  J.  L.  Miles,  Geo.  P.  Holmes   and   W. 
D.  Campbell  are  said  to  be  the  lucky  owners. 

Osceola  District. 

Placers.— White  Pine  News.  Feb.  15;  As  soon 
as  spring  opens  the  Osceola  Gravel  M.  Co.,  with  a 
full  head  of  water,  will  tear  up  the  ground  at  a  live- 
ly rate  and  produce  the  coming  season  a  rich  golden 
harvest.  Its  operations  will  materially  aid  every 
industry  in  the  eastern  portion  of  the  county. 

Patterson  District. 

Rubies.  — Pioche  Record,  Feb.  23:  But  little 
prospecting  has  been  done  in  the  northern  part  of 
Lincoln  county,  yet  there  is  no  doubt  that  the  min- 
eral resources  of  this  section  are  both  varied  and 
extensive;  ores  of  gold,  silver,  lead,  copper  and  cobalt 
have  been  found,  and  the  thorough  prospecting  that 
will  follow  the  coming  mining  revival  will  bring  this 
part  of  the  county  into  prominence  as  an  ore-pro- 
ducer. A  curiosity  in  its  way  and  showing  the  lav- 
ish hand  with  which  Nature  has  bestowed  her  treas- 
ures on  this  region  is  a  veritable  mountain  of  rubies. 
The  formation,  which  is  much  worn  and  seamed  by 
melting  snows,  is  a  bluish-gray  porphyry  thickly 
studded  with  Iragments  of  jet  and  small  rubies.  The 
gulches  radiating  from  and  around  this  mountain 
hold  millions  of  these  beautiful  little  jewels  too 
small  probably  to  be  of  commercial  value,  but  of 
first  quality.  Further  prospecting  may  develop 
them  of  larger  size,  as  only  a  passmg  examination 
has  been  made. 

RoblDSon  District. 

Prospecting. — White  Pine  Nezos,  Feb.  15  :  The 
impetus  given  to  prospecting  in  this  district  by  the 
discovery  last  fa'l  of  the  now  famous  Joanna  Bonan- 
za is  already  proving  beyond  a  doubt  that  great  min- 
eral wealth  lies  hidden  in  theNast  mineral  zone  of 
Robinson  District,  waiting  only  for  capital  and  eu- 
terprise  to  yield  up  the  treasure.  From  several  pros- 
pecting mines  outside  of  the  Joanna,  come  very 
flattering  reports  of  rich  strikes,  on  which  the  hardy 
prospectors  are  pushing  ahead,  and,  in  all  probabil- 
ity, before  raid-summer  some  of  these  are  likely  to 
develop  into  just  as  valuable  properties  as  the  Joan- 
na. The  great  extent  and  varied  mineral  deposits 
of  this  district,  which  have  so  long  lain  latent,  have 
aroused  so  confident  a:  feeling  of  intrinsic  worth  both 
at  home  and  abroad  that  the  operations  of  the  pres- 
ent year  are  certain  to  show  up  and  bring  to  the 
front  two  or  three— may  be  half-a-dozen — twin  sis- 
ters of  the  mine  whose  fame  has  brought  the  district 
into  prominence.     The  gold  is  here,  and  the  men 


who  are  delving  for  it  will  find  it,  and*when  found 
capital  will  seek  investment  if  the  mine-owners  meet 
them  on  a  farr  business  plane.  It  cannot  be  denied 
that  the  present  need  of  the  district  is  a  company 
with  capital  to  build  reduction  works  and  push  the 
work  of  mining  development  on  a  larger  scale  than 
can  be  done  with  the  limited  means  at  the  command 
of  the  present  owners.  One  good  company  operat- 
ing in  the  district  would  in  one  year  do  more  to  de- 
velop its  resources  than  can  be  done  in  half  a  century 
under  the  present  methods. 

Taylor  District. 
Prospecting. — White  Pine  Ne7vs,  Feb.  15: 
While  the  Eberhardt-Monitor  Company  has  been 
forced  to  suspend  milling  operations  for  the  winter, 
quite  a  force  has  been  kept  in  the  mines  taking  out 
ore  and  prospecting,  and  in  the  latter,  we  learn, 
they  are  meeting  with  good  success.  As  they  will 
have  plenty  of  water  the  coming  season  to  keep  the 
mill  running  to  its  full  capacity,  ihe  season  will  be  a 
prosperous  one  with  them. 

Tuscarora  District. 
Navajo.  —  Times- Revieio,  Feb   21:   Upraise  from 
south   drift,  i50-foot 'level,  extended  11    feet;    vein 
continues  strong.     No.   2  west    crosscut,   35o-foot 
level,  e.^tended  at  feet,  cutting  seams  of  spir. 

Young  America  South.— Timbering  was  the 
only  work  done  during  the  pa'?!  week.  The  mine  is 
filling  rapidly  from  the  melting  snow.  No  more 
work  will  be  done  in  the  mine  until  machinery  has 
been  erected. 

Belle  Isle. — Crosscut  from  north  drift,  250-foot 
level,  near  the  Navajo  line,  extended  22  feet; ground 
seamed  with  spar  and  some  iron.  The  crosscut 
from  the  north  gangway,  3so-foot  level,  extended  18 
feet  with  quite  a  flow  of  water  near  the  face. 

NevadaQueen.— The  north  gangway  from  600- 
foot  level  station  has  been  advanced  21  feet,  cutting 
the  vein.  A  large  flow  of  water  is  coming  in  through 
the  face.     Face  shows  high-grade  ore. 

Grand  Prize. — 400-fool  level:  North  crosscut 
extended  12  feet.  500-foot  Irvel:  East  drift  from 
north  crosscut  extended  18  teet,  face  showing  2  feet 
of  concentrating  ore.  A  norih  crosscut  has  been 
started  from  the  west  north  lateral  drift,  A  cross- 
cut has  also  been  started  north  from  the  east  drift 
on  the  front  vein. 

North  Commonwealth, — ist  level:  North  drift 
from  No.  i  east  crosscut  has  been  advanced  10  feet, 
Have  cut  into  the  ore  from  No.  i  upraise  60  feet 
from  the  raise,  assays  from  $70  to  $287  per  ton. 
Drift  running  south  from  near  the  Del  Monte  line  is 
exposing  fine  ore  full  size  of  drift,  average  $309  per 
ton. 

Del  Monte.— ist  level:  North  drift  from  joint 
crosscut  has  been  extended  5  feet;  face  shows  all 
high  grade.  This  is  the  same  ore  body  as  North 
Commonwealth  drift.  Average,  $250  p^r  ton.  North 
drift  from  No.  2  crosscut  advanced  8  feet.  The  ore 
is  improving  as  it  is  drifted  on;  average  of  first-class, 
$420  per  ton.  3d  level:  North  drift  from  joint  cross- 
cut has  been  extended  13  feet;  face  is  in  low-grade 
ore. 

North  Belle  Isle. — South  intermediate  drift 
from  No,  3  chute,  300-foot  level,  extended  6  feet; 
face  still  in  good  ore.  North  gangway  from  shaft, 
600-foot  level,  extended  21  feet,  cutting  into  ledge 
some  20  feet,  and  showing  a  large  amount  of  quartz 
and  spar,  from  which  assays  may  be  obtained  as 
high  as  $450.     Water  increasmg. 

Commonwealth.— ist  level:  East  drift  from  No. 
I  north  drill  has  been  extended  ii  feet;  total.  72 
feet.  The  ore  body  continues  to  develop  well.  The 
Dolan  drift  advanced  14  feet  in  concentrating  ore. 
North  gangway  has  advanced  20  feet  in  vein  por- 
phyry. North  drift  from  south  gangway  advanced 
6  feet,  cutting  some  high-grade  ore,  improving  in 
quantity  as  we  drift  on  it.  The  mine  is  looking  well 
throughout.  Hoisted  during  the  week  813  cars  of 
ore,  all  of  which  has  been  sent  to  the  mill  and  con- 
centrator. Average  battery  of  151  tons  crushed, 
$266  per  ton;  average  of  500  tons  worked  at  concen- 
trating plant,  $21  per  ton.  Bullion  shipped,  $16,- 
042.25.  Crude  bullion  on  hand,  $17,000. 
Ward  District. 
Martin  White.— White  Pine  News,  Feb.  15: 
The  Martin  White  Co.  have  a  few  men  prospect- 
ing their  mines.  If  they  find  anything  good,  the 
force  will  be  increased  in  the  spring. 

White  Pine  District. 
•  Ontario.— White  Pine  News,  Feb.  15:  In  the 
Ontario  mine,  one  of  the  Watson  series  in  this  dis- 
trict, which  is  under  lease  to  Mr.  Norton,  a 
rich  strike  has  been  mad:.  Ore  that  goes  between 
$60  and  $70  in  gold  and  :;irries  some  silver  is  now 
being  taken  out.  Mr.  Norton  has  put  three  or  four 
men  to  work.  As  soon  as  the  roads  get  in  good 
condition,  considerable  ore.  which  has  accumulated 
here  during  the  winter,  will  be  shipped  by  our  pros- 
pectors to  Salt  Like  and  other  points  for  reduction. 
Around  Hamilton.- White  Pine  News,  Feb. 
15:  No  corporate  work  is  now  going  on,  nor  do  we 
hear  of  any  likely  to  resume  operations  there  the 
coming  season,  but  the  old  stand-by  prospectors  of 
the  district,  who  have  never  faltered  in  their  faith  in 
the  camp,  are  doing  a  good  deal  of  chloriding  and 
shipping  rich  ore  for  reduction.  These  are  the 
men  who  are  keeping  the  embers  of  hope  burning  in 
the  old  camp  still,  , 

ARIZONA. 

A  Strike  in  the  Olive.— Virginia  Chronicle, 
Feb.  23:  Washington  camp,  in  Arizona,  18  miles 
south  of  Crittenden  and  five  miles  north  of  the  So- 
nora line,  in  the  Patagonia  mountains,  is  now  a 
scene  of  some  excitement,  owing  to  a  rich  strike  of 
ore  in  the  Olive  mine,  near  the  old  Mowry  smelter. 
When  the  Mowry  works  were  closed  down  in  1863, 
an  old  Mexican  miner  reported  that  ore  was  left  in 
one  of  the  shafts  that  would  run  1500  or  2000  ounces 
in  .'silver.  On  the  strength  of  this  report  numbers  of 
different  parlies  have  sought  in  vain  to  strike  it,  but 
(lave  successively  railed.  Within  the  last  two  years 
one  party  spent  over  $2000  in  search  of  the  rich  ore 
referred  to  by  the  old  Mexican  miner.  It  is  believed 
the  vein  has  at  last  been  found  in  this  new  strike. 
The  ore  runs  from  300  to  2000  ounces  in  lead  and 
silver,  native  silver  abounding  in  large  quantities. 
Some  of  the  samples  are  so  strung  together  with 
wires  of  native  silver  that  it  is  impossible  to 
break  them.  The  vein  is  reported  to  be  from  2 
to  8  inches  wide.  The  parties  who  made  the  strike 
are  Nicholas  Can-  and  Frank  Olsen. 

Cupel.— Mohave  Miner,  Feb.  22:  The  Cupel 
mine,  Stockton,  is  producing  the  usual  quantity  of 
good  ore.     The  last  ore  body  has  produced  over 


Mab.  1,  1890 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


149 


aooo  sacks  to  date,  with  a  considerable  stope  to 
.  hear  from. 

Lead  Ore.— M.  P.  Ddhaoty  sent  in  the  first 
half  ol  a  20-ton  lot  of  Itrad  ori:  from  the  Schavllcill 
taiar.  Chloride,  on  Thursday.  It  was  unloaded  at 
Ihe  Kingman  Sampling  Co.'s  works. 

Heavy  Load. — Thtr  heaviest  load  of  ore  hauled 
from  Chloride  by  i2  mules  and  a  wagons  without 
"dropping,''  came  in  on  Thursday,  19,882  pounds. 
Del  Ikebe  says  he  "pulled"  the  long  hill  with 
ease,  and  with  three  wagons  he  can   haul  a  carload. 

Pl/kCHASE.  —  It  is  stal-'d  on  reliable  authority 
that  the  O.  K..  Mining  Co.  have  purchased  the 
Monarch  Mining  Co.'s  mill  at  Gold  Basin,  and  will 
move  11  to  the  O.  K.  mine,  where  they  have  suc- 
ceeded in  finding  an  abundance  of  water. 

C.  O.  D.— E.  F.  Thompson  and  W.  A.  Watkins 
have  leased  the  C.  O.  D.  dump.  This  dump  is 
quite  vast  and  contains  much  good  ore,  and  the 
problcra  of  bow  to  cheapest  assort  and  s^ve  it  will 
soon  be  solved  by  Messrs.  Thompson  &  Watkins, 
who  immediitely  put  a  force  to  work. 

Galena.— Messis.  Lynch  ii:  Larkin,  proprietors 
of  the  Arizona  Sampling  Works,  have  a  force  of 
men  at  work  on  the  Little  Man  mine,  a  property 
they  recently  purchased  from  John  Granfield  and 
John  Mulligan.  There  is  plenty  of  galena  in  sight 
and  Messrs.  Lynch  &  Larkin  expect  to  extract  a 
good  many  tons  of  ore  per  month  after  this  (Feb- 
rurary),  which  will  be  consumed  in  putting  things 
in  shape  for  active  operations. 

A  Mill.— W.  B.  Campbell  came  in  from  his 
mine  near  Cerbat,  on  Wednesday,  and  reports  the 
ore  as  growing  richer  and  the  vein  wider  as  develop- 
ment goes  on.  No  more  ore  will  be  worked  by  aras- 
tra  for  the  present,  but  Mr.  Campbell  intends  to  soon 
make  a  shipment  or  lease  a  mill  and  work  it  him- 
self, as  the  gold  is  very  free  and  easily  amalgamated. 
The  vein  is  seven  feet  wide  and  shows  free  gold  the 
entire  width,  while  there  are  five  streaks  from  one 
to  three  inches  wide  which  are  very  rich.  No  drift- 
ing has  as  yet  been  done  and  the  extent  of  the  ore 
body  is  unknown. 

Music  Mountain. — W.  F.  Grounds  showed  us 
the  returns  of  a  batch  of  ore  from  Music  Mountain 
which  worked  over  $1000  gold  per  ton  at  the  King- 
man Sampling  Co.  Mr.  Grounds  has  a  carload, 
which  is  now  being  sampled  at  the  above  works, 
_but,  of  course,  will  not  prove  so  high  grade  as  the 
first-class.  Mr.  Grounds  thinks  it  will  be  but  a  few 
months,  at  least,  before  there  will  be  a  mill  there 
for  the  reduction  of  ore,  as  the  development  work 
has  proven  there  are  large  quantities  of  $50  to  $60 
free  gold  ore,  which  must  be  milled  in  that  district, 
as  shipping  charges  consume  the  miners'  profit. 
There  are  at  present  some  15  men  working  and  all 
doing  well,  in  fact  the  camp  never  before  had  one- 
half  the  flattering  prospects  that  now  present  them- 
selves. 

At  Quijotoa. — Supt's  Report,  Feb.  22  :  Dur- 
ing the  week  good  progress  has  been  made  in  shaft 
No.  I  of  the  Peer,  making  total  depth  53  feet,  with 
the  ore  continuing  very  strong  for  more  than  width 
of  bottom  and  of  good  grade.  In  the  south  drift 
from  100-foot  level  the  ore  continues  strong  and  of 
good  quality.  Fair  progress  has  been  made  dur- 
ing the  week,  making  total  lenpih  of  drift  42  feet. 

Peerless.—  On  the  450-foot  level  an  east  crosscut 
was  commenced  and  extended  19  feet  during  the 
week,  showing  some  strata  of  quartz,  when  work 
was  suspended  and  again  resumed  in  the  north 
drilt.  which  was  advanced  ro  feet,  making  445  feet, 
without  any  change  of  importance. 

Crocker.— On  the  370-foot  level  good  progress 
has  been  made  in  winze  No.  2,  making  its  total 
depth  6i  leet,  with  th^  bottom  in  ore  of  some  value 
for  width;  will  soon  commence  drifting  north  and 
south. 

Weldon. — In  shaft  No.  i,  below  the  loo-foot 
level,  fair  progress  ha^  been  made  in  sinking,  the 
formation  being  very  hard,  the  vein  continuing  reg- 
uhr  and  showing  some  ore.  At  a  depth  of  about 
40  feet  below  the  loo-foot  level  the  junction  with  the 
west  vein  ought  to  be  reached. 

OOLQJRADO. 

Improving.— Silverton  Standard,  Feb.  23:  The 
Alethea  is  steadily  improvmg.  Wm.  Corlett,  the 
lessee,  shipped  a  car  of  high-grade  ore  this  week  and 
has  another  all  ready  to  get  down.  The  mineral  is 
taken  down  to  the  road  in  raw  hides.  Ben  Harwood 
has  a  contract  to  take  provisions  up  to  the  Lookout 
mine  and  bring  down  a  carload  of  ore.  The  ore- 
house  is  full  of  mineral.  The  contractors  on  the  cross- 
cut on  the  Mineral  Key,  in  Whiteheacf gulch,  owned 
by  Geo.  Giton,  have  just  encountered  a  large  body  of 
water, and  expect  to  cut  the  main  ore  streak  this  week. 
The  Little  Dora,  owned  by  the  Victoria  M.  &  M.  Co. , 
is  looking  better  than  ever,  and  a  nice  grade  of  gray 
copper  is  now  bemg  taken  out.  A  carload  was 
shipped  yesterday  to  Pueblq.  Wiley  &  Harper  will 
commence  work  upon  the  Pearl  mine  about  the  mid- 
dle of  next  month.  The  drift  upon  the  vein,  from 
thq  end  of  the  crosscut,  on  the  Iowa,  is  now  jn  60 
fept.  The  gold  streak  still  holds  about  the  same, 
averaging  18  inches  wide.  Last  week  a  new  streak 
of  solid  steel  galena  was  uncovered,  which  looksvery 
well.  This  property  is  being  worked  under  lease 
by  James  H.  Robin  and  B.  W.  Thayer.  The  tobog- 
gan slide  on  the  North  Star  is  working  to  perf-^ction 
and  the  boys  are  getting  down  about  12  tons  a  day. 
The  ore  is  being  taken  about  600  feet  down  the  bluff 
and  being  dumped  on  the  fiat  above  the  mill.  By 
moving  this  ore  plenty  of  room  will  be  made  in  th^ 
ore-houses,  and  the  mineral  moved  will  be  in  a  posi- 
tion where  the  packers  can  remove  it  with  one-third 
the  trouble  in  the  spring.  Wm.  Feigel,  the  contract- 
or on  the  new  mill  being  erected  by  the  John  H. 
Reid  M.  &  M.  Co.,  went  to  Durango  Monday  to 
get  10  000  feet  of  lumber  to  complete  the  building 
and  an  engine  stone.  As  soon  as  these  arrive  the 
mill  can  be  completed  in  about  two  weeks. 

IDAHO. 

The  Croisus  Mine.— Wood  River  Times,  Feb. 
19:  The  strike  reported  in  the  Cro5:,us  mine,  a  few 
days. ago.  promises  to  prove  so  important  that  our 
miners  are  even  beginning  to  speak  of  the  property 
as  likely  to  prove  "  a  second  Granite  mountain." 
The  original  strike  was  of  two  feet  of  ore  on  the 
"  near  "  wall  ol  the  vein.  Since  then  the  workings 
have  been  pushed  25  feet,  and  without  finding  any 
indication  of  the  opposite  wall.  These  25  feet  are 
wholly  composed  of  l-dge-mattfr  carrying  streaks 
and  veins  of  ore  that  are  quite  rich.  The  bulk  of 
the  new  find  is  probably  $20  to  $80  ore,  and  there- 
fore comes  near  the  usual  value  of  Cicesus  ore. 


The  Croesus  mine,  as  is  well  known,  is  situated  in 
Croy  gulch,  opposite  the  Hot  Spnngs,  and  only 
about  two  miles  from  Haitey. 

Incorporation.  —  Idaho  Avalanche^  Feb.  22: 
Supt.  L.  H.  Dewey  informs  us  that  the  Black  fack 
and  Empire  State  mines  have  been  incorporated  un- 
der the  laws  o(  the  State  of  Kentucky,  the  corpora- 
tion's name  being  the  Idaho  ^:  Pittsburg  M.  &  .\l. 
Co.  The  houses  at  the  mouth  of  the  tunnel  are  now 
completed,  and  occupied  by  men  working  in  the 
tunnel.  The  tunnel  is  now  being  driven  ahead  rap- 
idly with  three  eight-hour  shifts  of  men.  The  ground 
is  yet  soft,  and  good  headway  is  -being  made.  ,A,s 
soon  as  hard  ground  is  reached  an  air  compressor 
will  be  used  in  working  Burleigh  drills.  The  ground 
of  the  Black  Jack  and  Empire  Stale  mines  will  soon 
be  patented. 

LOWBR    CALIFORNIA. 

Alamo  District.— /,(77fc-/- Ca/i/yrnf<i«,  Feb.  21: 
Superintendent  Ayers,  of  the  International  Com- 
pany's mines,  arrived  from  Alamo  last  Monday  with 
$6000  in  gold  bullion,  which  was  the  result  of  two 
weeks'  milling  on  ore  from  the  Princesa,  Uli=es, 
Telemaco  and  Indian.  Mr.  Ayers  will  leave  by  to- 
morrow's boat  for  Sao  Diego  to  deposit  the  bullion. 
Since  the  beginning  of  1890  the  Co.'s  mill  has  turn- 
ed out  $7500  in  gold,  and  it  speaks  well  for  Mr. 
Ayers,  the  superintendent,  who  is  the  first  man  to 
make  a  success  of  the  Co.'s  mill.  He  reports  the 
camp  to  be  in  better  condition  than  at  any  time 
since  its  discovery,  and  he  is  confident  that  many  of 
its  mines  will  prove  to  be  veritable  bonanzas.  He  is 
of  the  opinion  that  by  the  addition  of  concentrators 
the  mill  would  be  in  splendid  shape.  On  the  Grande 
and  Grandota  line  the  International  Co.  is  sinking, 
and  also  drifting  in  the  tunnel  between  the  Telema- 
co and  Penelope,  where  a  rich  ledge  has  been 
struck.  Drifting  is  also  going  on  in  the  Princesa. 
A  rich  ledge  has  been  struck  on  the  Grande,  one  of 
the  Co.'s  mines.  Major  Zimpleman,  of  the  EI  Paso 
Co,,  is  erecting  hoisting  works  on  the  Texas,  and 
that  mine  will  soon  be  in  operation  again.  It  is  one 
of  the  richest  in  camp.  The  Grandota,  which  was 
reported  last  week  to  be  full  of  water,  is  again  in 
operation  and  ore  is  being  constantly  taken  out. 
The  Elsinore  is  once  more  working  and  ore  is  being 
hauled  to  Lane's  mill.  Ore  from  the  Aurora  is  also 
being  taken  to  Lane's  mill.  The  placers  all  over 
the  camp,  and  in  Mexican  Gulch,  which  were  con- 
temptuously abandoned  by  tenderfeet  many  moons 
ago,  as  being  played  out,  are  still  being  profitably 
worked,  and  considerable  dust  is  found.  We  slate 
this  particularly  for  the  benefit  of  J.  P.  Redmond, 
who  declares  in  the  Los  Angeles  Express  that  the 
placers  of  Lower  California  will  not  make  a  man's 
salt;  that  he  knows,  for  he  has  worked  in  the  plac- 
ers. W.  E.  Howard  came  down  from  San  Diego 
Tuesday,  but  returned  the  same  evening  to  purchase 
a  pump  and  boiler  to  be  used  at  his  Montezuma 
mine  at  Alamo. 

MONTANA. 

The  Mountain  Lion,  after  some  unpleasantness 
with  the  St.  Louis  syndicate,  has  weathered  through 
on  the  middle  or  main  vein,  which  was  cut  Thurs- 
day of  last  week.  The  vein  is  3?^  feet  wide,  and  the 
assays  are  of  unusual  richness. 

The  Minneapolis  has  been  managed  most  con- 
sistently and  has  probably  as  fine  showing  as  any 
property  in  Oro  Fino  with  the  same  amount  of  de- 
velopment. The  property  now  being  worked  is  de- 
veloped by  a  shaft  4x8  and  is  now  about  70  feet 
deep.  They  have  a  fine  ledge  on  which  seven  feet 
of  quartz  has  been  exposed. 

Unusual  Activity.— Butte  Miner,  Feb.  20: 
The  coming  spring  will  undoubtedly  be  the  com- 
mencement of  a  year  of  unusual  activity  in  Montana 
mining  cii"cles.  Already  preparations  are  being 
made  to  resume  operations  at  a  number  of  promis- 
ing properties  in  this  city  and  vicinity  in  a  short 
time.  Not  only  is  this  the  case  with  individual 
owners,  but  companies  as  well.  Nearly  all  the 
claims  within  a  radius  of  two  miles  of  the  city  have 
in  the  past  had  more  or  less  work  done  on  them. 
The  majority  of  these  claims,  however,  are  now  ly- 
ing idle  because  of  the  financial  mability  of  the  own- 
ers to  prosecute  work  on  them  as  it  should  be  done. 
Within  the  past  few  years  men  who  are  familiar 
with  the  formation  hereabout  have  learned  that  a 
depth  of  at  least  500  or  600  feet  must  be  attained 
before  a  property  will  present  a  paying  proposition, 
and  in  order  to  accomplish  this  end  some  money 
must  necessarily  be  expended  to  start  in.  Many  of 
the  mine-owners  here  are  poor  men  so  to  speak,  not 
having  more  than  $50,000  or  $100,000  at  their  com- 
mand, and  do  not  care  to  take  chances,  while  the 
properties  owned  by  the  large  companies  are  being 
developed  as  they  are  needed.  At  the  present  stage 
of  the  game  it  is  safe  to  remark  that  not  one  mine 
hereabout  on  which  a  depth  of  6qo  feet  has  been 
reached  has  proved  a  failure,  thus  demonstrating 
that  if  the  proper  depth  is  attained  on  a  piece  of 
ground  in  this  district  a  mine  is  bound  to  reward 
the  efforts  of  the  prospectors.  The  anticipated  ac- 
tivity for  the  coming  year  is  due  to  three  causes — the 
rise  in  copper,  the  high  price  of  silver  and  the  knowl- 
edge mining  men  in  general  now  have  of  the  neces- 
sity of  going  deep  enough  for  the  ore. 

Placers. — Madisonian,  Feb.  22:  The  outlook 
for  a  good  season  of  placer  mining  has  not  been  bet- 
ter for  several  years  than  it  is  now.  The  deep  snow 
in  the  mountains  has  drifted  into  the  ravines  by 
heavy  winds,  and  is  stored  there  to  stay  until  the 
time  arrives  when  it  will  do  the  most  good  in  ground- 
sluicing,  etc. 

OREGON. 

Grant's  Pass. — Cor.  Rogue  River  Courier,  Feb. 
20:  There  are  several  discoveries  of  croppings  of 
galena  and  galena  sulphurets  that  are  very  promis- 
ing; and  I  have  examined  several  specimens  of  sil- 
ver ores,  carrying  chlorides  and  copper-stain  that 
were  very  rich.  From  reliable  reports  there  are 
some  large  lodes  of  these  ores,  prospected  and  part- 
ly developed.  I  have  also  noticed. that  nearly  all  of 
the  gold-bearing  quartz  carries  a  large  percentage  of 
sulphurets  carrying  gold.  Now  all  these  facts,  if 
generally  known  to  the  mining  world,  should  inter- 
est capital  in  erecting  a  plant  for  sampling,  milling 
and  smelting  works,  more  profitable  than  at  any 
other  point  in  Oregon.  It  is  well  known  that  in 
many  parts  of  California  there  are  many  mines  rich 
in  chlorides  that  would  be  of  immerse  value  if  the 
galena  mines  or  the  fluxes  were  at  hand  necessary 


to  work  them.  Many  roHes  of  the  mountain  ranges 
in  Shasta  county,  Cal..  are  of  iron  formation,  carry- 
ing a  low  grade  of  silver  ores,  especially  those  of 
Iron  Mountain  mine,  thai  would  be  very  valuable  if 
there  were  galena  mines  near  by  so  that  ores  could 
be  mixed  and  smelted.  Now  you  have  here,  around 
and  near  Grant's  Pass,  the  mines,  the  smelting  ores 
and  all  the  tUixes  necessary  to  work  them,  and  a 
company  should  be  formed  to  start  milling  and 
sampling  works  to  develop  these  vast  d-  posits  of 
wealth. 

WASHINGTON. 

The  Silver  Dump.— EUensburgh  Capital,  Feb. 
20:  During  the  past  week,  E.  E.  Gooding  of  Ros- 
lyn,  president  of  the  Silver  Dump  Mining  Co..  was 
in  the  city  in  the  interest  of  his  company.  He  car- 
ried some  samples  of  ore  from  the  niine  that  assay 
very  high  in  silver,  and  which  indicate  that  the  vein 
is  very  rich.  A  tunnel  is  in  18  feet,  in  first-class 
ore.  A  shaft  will  be  sunk  soon  on  the  vein,  which 
crops  out  on  the  surface.  At  the  depth  of  100  feet 
a  drift  will  be  run  each  way  on  the  vein.  A  wagon- 
road  passes  near  by.  and  the  mine  is  very  accessible. 
The  company  intends  to  push  work  on  the  mine 
as  soon  as  spring  opens,  as  they  think  they  have  a 
valuable  property  and  are  anxious  to  realize  on  it. 

NEW  MEXICO. 

RUBV.— Silver  City  Enterprise,  Feb.  21:  W.  C. 
Tonkin  is  in  with  a  car  ol  ore  from  the  Ruby,  which 
will  be  shipped  to  Socorro.  It  will  average  about 
$700  per  ton.  Hand  and  Casey  are  prospecting  at 
Cow  Springs,  and  are  taking  out  some  very  rich  ore. 
Kerr  and  Mitchell,  in  the  same  district,  are  doing 
well  with  their  leise.  The  Surprise  mine,  Cook's 
Peak  district,  has  been  sold  by  Col.  Carpenter  to 
the  El  Paso  Smelting  Co.  The  mine  was  owned  by 
Frank  Graham  and  the  Crawford  estate.  Three 
silver  bricks,  worth  $1000  each,  were  shipped  from 
the  Little  Fanny  last  week.  Fred  Risque,  the  new 
manager  of  the  Pacific  Mining  Co.,  arrived  from 
St.  Louis  last  week,  and  has  been  busy  investigating 
the  affairs  of  the  company  since  his  arrival.  John 
A,  Miller  is  making  a  pronounced  success  of  the 
Nugget,  as  the  frequent  shipments  of  bullion 
through  this  city  will  attest.  The  mine  is  certainly 
paying  a  handsome  profit  above  expenses,  and  the 
property  is  opening  up  in  such  shape  as  to  at  once 
place  it  in  the  front  rank.  What  Grant  county 
needs  is  more  mines  like  the  Nugget,  and  more  men 
with  nerve  enough  to  open  them  up  and  put  them 
on  a  paying  basis. 


Notices  of  Recent  Patents. 

Among  the  patents  recently  obtained  through 
Dewey  &  Co.'s  Soientifio  Press  U.  S.  and 
Foreign  Patent  Agency,  the  following  are 
worthy  of  special  mention: 

JouRNAL-Box  Protector. — Henry  S.  Pug- 
ley,  Oakland.  No.  421,610.  Dated  Feb.  18, 
1890.  This  invention  relates  to  a:sle  or  journal- 
boxes,  especially  those  which  are  nsea  in  rail- 
road construotion.  The  object  of  this  inven- 
tion is  to  prote;:t  the  inner  end  of  the  box  so 
as  to  prevent  the  oil  or  grease  from  escaping 
and  the  dust  from  entering. 

Hair  Restorer. — W.  L.  Crooks,  Sonoma, 
and  Thimotba  Robin,  S.  F.  No.  421.675. 
Dated  Feb.  IS,  1890.  This  is  a  oompoaition  to 
be  used  as  a  hair  restorer,  composed  of  beef 
gall  oombined  with  coal  tar,  soft  soap,  washing 
soda,  beef  grease  and  water  in  certain  propor- 
tions. 

Steering -Wheel  Carriage. — Daniel  Beat, 
San  Leandro.  No.  421,884.  Dated  Feb.  18, 
1890.  The  invention  relates  to  the  class  of 
steering  apparatus  speoially  applicable  for  road 
locomotives,  traction  engines  and  similar  heavy 
vehicles.  The  object  is  to  provide  a  simple  and 
e£fective  steering-wheel  carriage,  which  can  be 
operated  easily  and  with  the  least  amount  of 
friction,  at  the  same  time  being  steady  in  its 
action  and  durable. 

Rotary  Joint.  —  Wm.  F.  Bowers,  S.  F. 
No.  421,657.  Dited  Feb.  18,  1890.  The  object 
of  this  invention  is  to  make  a  tight  rotary  joint 
which  may  be  applied  to  any  mechanism  where 
BQch  joint  is  required.  It  is  especially  applica- 
ble to  forming  ttie  necessary  steam-tight  joint 
between  the  steam  eapply-pipe  and  the  rolls  of 
a  calendaring  machine.  It  is  also  applicable 
to  those  hoae-reela  wherein  water  is  admitted  to 
the  rotary  shaft  of  the  reel  on  which  the  hose  is 
wound  and  with  which  it  oommnnicatea,  this 
joint  forming  the  necessary  water-tight  connec- 
tion between  the  supply-pipe  and  the  reel-shaft. 

Raisin-Grader.  — James  Porteous,  Fresno. 
No.  421.881.  Dated  Feb.  18,  1890.  This  is 
one  of  that  class  of  graders  for  raiains,  grapes 
and  other  similar  materials  in  which  the  fruit 
is  fed  down  from  a  suitable  chute  upon  an  in- 
olined  directing  board,  adjustable  to  various 
inclinations,  and  thence  upon  a  aeries  of  shaking 
screens  or  sieves,  a  blast  of  air  being  directed 
on  to  the  board  whereby  the  stems  are  blown 
out  and  the  fruit  falls  back  down  the  board 
upon  the  sieves.  The  object  of  the  improve- 
ment in  the  directing  board  is  to  render  the 
cleaning  portion  of  the  machine  more  sensitive 
and  accurate  in  its  operation,  adapting  it  to  be 
adjusted  ao  as  to  be  easily  regulated  to  the  pe- 
culiar condition  of  the  material  passing  through. 

Axle  Lubricator, — Robt,  H.  Parker,  Car- 
son City.  Nov.  No.  421,886.  Dated  Feb.  18, 
1890.  This  relates  to  a  device  for  lubricating 
the  axles  of  wagons,  and  It  is  especially  adapt- 
ed for  use  upon  heavy  freight-wagons  where  it 
is  difl5cult  to  remove  the  wheels  for  this  pur- 
pose. It  consists  of  a  V-shaped  tank  fitted  into 
the  space  between  two  of  the  spokes  and 
against  the  periphery  of  the  hub,  and  in  con- 


nection therewith  of  a  pipe  and  stop-cook  and 
a  connection  between  the  same  and  the  interior 
of  the  axle-box.  A  sufficient  quantity  of  lubri- 
cant can  be  placed  in  the  chamber,  or  tank,  to 
last  a  long  time,  and  whenever  it  is  desired  to 
Inbricate  the  axle  the  stop-cock  may  be  turned 
at  a  time  when  the  containing  chamber  is  U[:on 
the  top  of  the  hub  of  the  wagon;  then  the  stop- 
cock may  be  closed  and  the  wagon  allowed  ,to 
go  on. 

Shifter  for  Gang-Edoers.  —  Samoel  H. 
Pratt.  Brownsville,  Yuba  Co,  No.  421.609. 
Dited  Feb.  18,  1890.  The  essential  object  of 
this  invention  is  to  provide  simple  and  effective 
means  for  shifting  any  one  or  more  of  the  saws 
at  the  same  time  and  independently  of  each 
other. 

Whifkletree  Connection.— OUrtr  J.  Fiak 
Coulterville,  Mariposa  Co.  No.  421,880. 
Dated  Feb,  IS,  1890.  This  Is  a  novel  bracket 
for  connecting  the  single  with  the  doubletree; 
and  there  are  novel  hooks  in  the  end  of  the 
singletree  for  receiving  the  tugs  or  braces. 
The  obJ€ot  of  the  invention  is  to  provide  a 
simple  and  durable  oonneotion  between  the 
singletree  and  the  doubletree,  which  will  en- 
able the  former  to  have  a  movement  entirely 
free  and  independent  of  the  latter  without  in- 
terfeience  with  it,  so  as  to  avoid  chafing  and 
being  held  seoorely  in  place. 

Visual  Annunciator  for  Call  Boxes.— 
Paul  Seller,  S.  F.  No.  421,882.  Dited  Feb. 
IS.  1890.  This  invention  relates  to  an  annun- 
ciator for  fire,  police  and  meesenger  call-boxes; 
and  its  object  is  to  announce  that  the  call  has 
been  received  at  the  central  station  in  a  man- 
ner that  can  be  readily  understood  and  not 
mistaken.  The  improvement  consists  in  the 
employment  of  a  visible  annunciator  or  indi- 
cator 80  that  the  return  call  or  answer  from 
the  central  office  is  visible  to  the  eye  and  the 
operator  does  not  depend  upon  the  bell  or  the 
clicking  of  an  armature.  It  consists  of  the 
setting  and  tripping  device,  the  latter  being  op- 
erated only  after  the  clockwork  has  ceased  its 
operation. 

Guiding  Attachment  for  Agricultural 
Implements. — Cyrus  Packard,  Fresno.  No. 
421.885,  Dated  Feb.  IS,  1890,  This  is  an  at- 
tachment to  plows,  harrows,  .and  similar  im- 
plements, the  object  of  which  is  to  properly 
guide,  direct  or  steer  them.  It  consists  of 
peouHarly  formed  guide-arms,  which  in  opera- 
tion enter  the  ground  to  the  proper  depth,  ac- 
cording to  adjustment,  and  guide  the  cultivator 
or  other  implement  to  the  line  of  travel,  pre- 
venting it  from  jumping  about  and  injuring  the 
trees  or  vines  of  an  orchard  or  vineyard. 

Mixing  Apparatus. — Geo.  W.  Swan,  S,  F., 
assignor  of  one-fonrtb  to  Wsrren  B,  Ewer, 
No.  421,883.  Dated  Feb.  18,  1890.  This  is  an 
apparatus  for  mixing  substances  having  a  wide 
range  of  volatility.  It  is  especially  intended  to 
mix  the  materials  which  are  employed  to  form 
a  paint  or  covering  compound,  which  consists 
of  a  mixture  of  benzine  with  a  paraffiue  or  with 
the  residue  which  ia  left  after  the  distillation  of 
the  lighter  hydrocarbons  from  crude  petroleum. 
It  is  necessary  in  mixing  these  ingredients  to 
mix  at  a  temperatnre  which  is  sufficient  to 
melt  the  paraffiae  or  residue,  and  it  will  be 
manifest  that  under  ordinary  conditions  it  will 
be  impoaaible  to  mix  the  volatile  benzine  with 
the  heavy  and  highly-heated  solid  material,  be- 
cause the  benzine  will  be  evaporated  and  driven 
o£f  before  it  la  possible  to  make  the  mixture. 
This  invention  is  designed  to  overcome  this 
difficulty  by  providing  a  cloeed  tank  or  cham- 
ber with  means  for  melting  the  solid  material 
and  maintaining  it  in  a  melted  condition,  a 
means  for  introducing  the  benzine  and  incor- 
porating it  with  this  material,  a  means  for  con- 
veying away  and  oondenBing  that  portion  of 
the  benzine  whioh  is  volatilized  during  the  proc- 
ess, and  also  a  means  for  cooling  the  upper 
portion  of  the  chamber,  to  prevent  a  too  rapid 
volatilization  of  the  beczlne  after  the  mixing 
is  completed. 

Sawdust  Burner.  —  Frederick  W.  Oook. 
S.  F.  No.  421,555.  Dated  Feb,  18,  1890. 
This  is  a  burner  for  disposing  of  sawdust  and 
other  refuse.  It  consists  in  u  fire  wall,  prefer- 
ably in  the  form-of  a  semi-circle  and  partially 
inclosing  a  space  within  which  the  sawdust  is 
fed,  and  in  connection  with  aald  wall  a  blast- 
pipe  with  connected  fiue  under  the  charge  of 
sawdust  and  provided  with  backwardly  directed 
exit  apertures,  whereby  the  flue  is  prevented 
from  becoming  clogged  and  the  wall  is  not  aub- 
j  acted  to  intense  heat.  The  invention  further 
consists  in  connection  with  the  said  wall  and 
blast  apparatus,  of  a  carrier  for  conveying  the 
sawdust  to  the  top  of  the  wall  and  a  chute  for 
depositing  it  within  the  space  partially  inclosed 
by  the  wall. 

List  of  U.  S.  Patents  for  Pacific  Coast 
Inventors. 


The  following  brief  list  by  telegraph,  (or  Feb.  ^5,  will 
appear  more  complete  on  receipt  of  mail  advices: 

California— John  E.  Yount,  Dixon,  device  for  laying 
out  orcharde;  Thoma-i  L.  Williaras,  Big  Bend,  carriage- 
jack;  Abner  C  JameH,  Pomona,  shoelacer;  Chauncey  W, 
Gibson,  S.  F.,  bavera^e  (arbooizer;  Matthias  S.  Dickin- 
son, Los  Aneeles,  driving-rein;  Harry  R.  Ekstrom,  Sar 
ta  Roaa,  assignor  of  half  to  A.  f.  Gniol  of  Lob  Aneelee. 
rannon-wheel  remover';  John  T,  Chare=t,  Red  Bluff,  as- 
siiDOr  of  a  third  to  J.  Marcott  of  San  Jose,  water-front 
attachment  for  boilers;  John  A.  beals,  aasigoor  to  E.  3. 
Delamatyr,  LosAngelea,  oil-burner. 


150 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Mar.  1,  1890 


rQECHAjsIieAL  PR0(3RESS> 
A  New  and  Perfected  Axe. 

American  mechanica  have  always  excelled  in 
the  manufsctare  of  axea.  Even  Mr,  Gladstone, 
with  all  hia  attachment  for  almost  everything 
Boglieh,  prefers  the  American  to  the  English 
axe  for  both  exercise  and  execation.  Until 
now  it  hae  been  generally  supposed  that  no  im- 
provement could  be  made  on  this  most  uaefal 
and  universal  tool;  but  within  the  last  three  or 
four  years  Mr.  W.  C.  Kelly,  son  of  the  Amer- 
ican inventor  of  the  Bessemer  process,  has  de- 
vised a  change  in  its  shape,  which  will  at  onoe 
be  recognized  aa  a  most  important  modification. 
He  has  been  at  work  upon  his  invention  and 
the  machinery  for  ita  production  for  some  four 
years  and  has  just  reached  what  he  considers 
its  fiual  perfection. 

The  blade  of  the  axe  as  now  generally  made 
preBents  a  generally  smooth  face  upon  either 
aide,  which  hngs  close  to  the  wood  as  it  enters, 
and  when  driven  well  into  soft  wood  is  extrant- 
ed  only  with  great  difficulty. 

The  perfected  axe  baa  both  sides  of  the  blade 
scooped  out  or  cut  away  from  near  the  edge  to 
where  the  handle  entera,  so  that  the  only  part 
of  the  surface  which  comes  in  contact  with  the 
wood  so  aa  ta  afford  friction  or  resistance  either 
in  entering  or  in  being  withdrawn  is  a  trian- 
gular-shaped  surface  on  both  aides,  the  lower 
part  of  which  forms  the  edge  and  running 
np  to,  or  nearly  to,  a  point  in  the  center  of  the 
pole  under  the  opening  for  the  handle.  This 
raised  and  trianguiar-ehaped  face  is  referred  to 
by  the  inventor  aa  '*  bursting  the  chip,"  and  it 
is  atated  that,  no  matter  if  the  axe  is  driven 
to  the  eye  in  the  wood,  it  cannot  stick  or  bind 
in  the  timber,  but  can  readily  be  loosened 
without  breaking  or  bending  the  handle.  An- 
other advantage  reEulting  from  the  sides  of  the 
blade  being  thin  is  that  the  axe  does  not  be- 
come stubbed  aa  it  wears  away,  but  can  be 
kept  in  order  and  nearly  the  original  shape  by 
merely  grinding  the  cutting  edge.  The  axe  is 
described  aa  made  entirely  of  steel,  the  pole  be- 
ing of  soft  ateel  and  the  blade  of  the  fiaest 
grade  extra  double-refined  cast  steel.  It  is 
forged  and  tempered  with  natural  gas,  and  the 
company  allude  to  this  heat  aa  giving  a  better 
temper  than  oan  be  obtained  from  charcoal  or 
any  other  fuel.  The  axe  is  thus  pat  on  the 
market  with  high  claims  as  to  the  excellence  of 
its  shape,  which  ia  regarded  as  giving  import- 
ant  advantages  over  others,  and  also  with 
claims  as  to  ita  excellence  of  material  and  work- 
manship. It  is  said  that  the  company  are  re- 
ceiving many  letters  from  practical  wood- 
choppers  which  express  their  satisfaction  with 
it,  and  indicating  that  its  use  is  attended  with 
much  less  fatigue  than  the  ordinary  axe,  the 
reason  being,  as  they  express  it,  that  the  axe 
cuts  deeper  into  the  wood  with  less  lab^r,  and 
ia  easily  extracted.  This  tool  will  be  known  as 
'*  the  Kelly  perfected  axe." 

American  Ability  to  Build  War  Slips. 

The  Chicago  Journal  of  Commerce  says: 
Irving  M.  Scott,  general  manager  of  the 
Union  Iron  Works  of  San  Francisco,  the  lead- 
ing ahipbuilding  firm  on  the  Pacific  Ooast,  waa 
before  the  Kaval  Affaire  Committee  of  Congress 
quite  recently,  and  made  some  interesting 
statements  with  regard  to  the  ability  of  this 
country  to  produce  all  kinds  of  war  ships.  He 
aaid  that  when  the  Charleston  was  built  the 
steel  works  in  this  country  were  unable  to  sup- 
ply the  hollow  shafts  needed,  and  these  had  to 
be  procured  abroad.  The  policy  insisted  upon 
by  Congress  of  compelling  the  pnrchaae  of 
American  materials  aa  far  as  possible  had,  how- 
ever, encouraged  capital  to  invest  money  in 
the  expansion  of  works  in  this  country,  with 
the  result  that  the  shafts  forthd  San  Francisco, 
begnn  not  long  after  the  Charleston,  were 
procured  at  the  Bsthlehem  Iron  Works  in 
Pennsylvania,  and  not  at  the  Krupp  Works  in 
Gsrmany.  The  American  shafts  were  anperior 
to  the  foreign  make,  the  ohafta  in  the  San 
Franciico  showing  73.000  pounds'  tensile 
strength  and  35  per  cent  elongation  aaainst  6S,* 
000  pounds'  tensile  strength  and  2S  per  cent 
elongation  for  the  shafts  in  the  Charleston. 
The  Union  Iron  Works  can  now  furnish  all  the 
ateel  castings  needed  in  the  construction  of  a 
firat-olass  war  vessel,  with  the  exception  of  the 
plates  and  shafts,  which  have  to  be  secured 
from  the  BBthlebem  Works.  These  latter 
works  are  in  many  respects  the  most  complete 
in  the  world  and  capable  of  the  heaviest  work. 
At  Bsthlebem  there  are  larger  hammers  and 
more  powerful  compressing  machines  than  at 
Whitworth's  or  Crook's  in  EopUnd,  or  Oruzit's 
in  France.  Bethlehem  has  a  125 -ton  hammer, 
while  Whitworth's  largest  is  98  tone. 

A  Peoqressive  Half-Centdry. — Those  of 
us  not  yet  50  years  of  age  have  probably  lived 
in  the  most  important  and  intelleotually  pro- 
gressive period  of  human  history,  remarks  Iron 
of  London.  Within  this  half-centnry  the  fol- 
lowing inventions  and  discoveries  have  either 
been  placed  before  the  world  or  elaborated: 
Ocean  steamships,  railways,  street  tramways, 
telegraph  lines,  ocean  cables,  telephone,  phono- 
graph; photography  and  a  score  of  new  meth- 
ods of  picture-making;  aniline  colors,  kerosene 
oil,  electric  lights,  pteam  fire  engines,  chemical 
fire-extinguishers;  Ebc aesthetics  and  painless  sur- 
gery; gun-cotton,  nitro-glyoerine,  dynamite  and 
A  host  of  other  explosives;  aluminum,  mag- 
pesiam  and  other  new  metals;  electro -plating, 


spectrum  analyaia  and  the  apectrosoope;  audi- 
phone,  poeumatio  tubes,  electric  motora,  elec- 
tric railways,  electric  bells,  typewriters,  cheap 
postal  system,  steam  heating,  steam  and  hy- 
draulic elevators,  vestibule  oars,  cantilever 
bridges.  These  are  only  a  few  ont  of  a  multi- 
tude. All  positive  knowledge  of  the  physical 
constitution  of  planetary  and  stellar  worlds 
has  also  been  attained  within  this  period. 

Some  Changes  in  Hardware. — The  changes 
in  hardware  daring  the  past  nine  months,  says 
the  Age  of  Steel,  ha.ve  been  cumulative  in  ef- 
fect, and  are  fast  bringing  a  new  order  of  things 
into  existence.  In  bnilders'  hardware,  many 
of  the  new  designs  are  remarkable  for  their 
beauty  of  finish  and  artistic  conception.  The 
trimming  of  a  house  with  the  proper  hardware 
— a  subj  ecfc  so  long  neglected — has  now  assumed 
its  true  importance,  and  is  as  much  the  subject 
of  personal  choice  on  the  part  of  the  owner  as 
anything  else  connected  with  the  building. 
In  bronzs  goods  especially  there  is  an  increas- 
ing demand  for  the  beat  and  handsomest  that 
can  be  made,  the  question  of  price  being  no 
consideration  whatever.  The  new  steel  lock 
has  made  a  favorable  impression,  and  seems 
destined  to  hold  a  permanent  place.  The  sub- 
stitution of  mild  steel  for  wrought  iron  has 
gone  on  at  a  very  rapid  rate.  In  butts  and 
hinges  it  is  nnivaraal — it  has  partly  made  its 
way  into  bolts  and  tacks,  and  in  numerous 
small  articles  it  has  proved  its  superiority.  In 
tensile  strength  and  toughness  it  compares 
with  the  best  imported  Norway  and  Swedish 
brands,  and  the  days  of  wrought-iron  goods  are 
clearly  numbered.  The  wire  nail  grows 
steadily  in  favor.  In  oonsrquence  of  its  ca 
pacity  for  being  barbed,  and  being  furnished 
with  almost  any  head  or  point  desired,  ita  use- 
fulness ia  increased  a  hundredfold.  Its  latest 
form  ia  the  wire  acrew  nail— i  very  practical 
combination  of  the  wire  nail  and  the  regular 
screw.  Owing  to  the  advance  In  prices,  the 
prospects  of  the  steel  nail  are  brighter,  but  the 
question  of  gauge  still  remains  unsettled.  The 
new  gauge  has  been  adopted  by  only  a  few 
mills,  and  it  must  receive  the  verdict  of  the 
consumer  before  it  can  be  said  to  be  a  success. 
The  chances  are  for  a  compromise  between  the 
old  and  new  gauges. 


SeiENTIFie  PR.OGRESS, 


Improvements  in  Bace  Steel. — "  Bick 
ateel,"  so>called,  is  a  fiit  bar  steel,  having  one 
side  highly  carbonized,  and  the  opposite  aide 
comparatively  free  from  carbon.  Such  steel  ia 
said  to  be  tenacious  when  in  use  where  great 
rotary  force  or  heavy  blows  or  strains  are  re- 
quired, and  less  liable  to  break  or  crack  while 
hardening.  Plates  or  fiit  bars  of  soft  steel  or 
fine  iron  in  pairs  of  equal  size  are  placed  back 
to  back  with  a  film  of  clay  or  other  refractory 
material  interlaid  between  them.  They  are 
then  clamped  or  wired  together,  and  the  several 
pairs  are  placed  *'  in  a  receptacle  or  fiisk  strat- 
ified between  layers  of  granulated  charcoal." 
The  flask,  furnished  at  one  end  with  an  inlet 
tube  sock,  is  placed  horizontally  in  a  snufiia.  It 
is  aaid  that  Mr.  M.  A.  Howell,  Jr.,  of  London, 
has  taken  ont  a  patent  for  improvements  in  the 
manufacture  of  soft  faaok  steel. 


Kerosene  to  Remove  Scale  and  Bust. — 
It  is  a  common  thing  for  engineers  to  use  kero- 
sene to  remove  the  scales  which  form  on  the 
inside  of  boilers.  The  oil  is  poured  into  an 
empty  boiler,  and  then  the  water  is  turned  on. 
The  oil,  fioating  on  the  water,  comes  in  contact 
with  the  scales  before  the  water  does.  The 
use  of  kerosene  for  this  purpose  in  one  of  Mil- 
waukee's slaughtering  establishments,  where 
the  steam  is  used  in  cooking  ham,  beef  and 
sausage,  produced  unexpected  results.  The 
kerosene  mingled  with  the  steam,  and  the 
cooked  meats  amelled  aa  though  they  had  been 
dipped  in  a  petroleum  well.  It  waa  some  time 
before  the  cause  of  the  seeming  phenomenon 
was  discovered. 


A  New  Composite  Metal  —  From  Cincin- 
nati comes  the  story  that  Mr.  Hatgfeldt  of  New- 
port, Ky.,  has  invented  a  new  composite  metal 
for  which  almost  marvelous  properties  are 
claimed.  It  is  composed  of  pig  iron,  wrought 
iron,  copper  and  aluminum,  bronze  alloy  and  a 
fiux.  It  is  produced  direct  from  the  cupola, 
without  annealing,  and  yet  it  can  be  welded 
and  hammered  like  iron  or  steel,  and  can  be 
manufactured,  it  is  claimed,  at  a  less  cost 
than  malleable  iron  or  ateel  castings.  At  a 
test  made  January  20th  in  Louisville  it  is  said 
to  have  endured  a  tensile  strain  of  168,000 
pounds  per  square  inch,  that  being  the  limit 
of   the   machine. 


An  English  Shipyard  for  America  —  A 
London  cable  states  that  the  firm  of  Armstronga, 
gunmakers,  intend  to  establish  an  immense 
shipyard  in  the  United  Statea  and  bid,  through 
Americana  interested  in  the  enterprise,  for  the 
construction  of  the  ironclad  vessels  which  it  is 
proposed  to  build  for  the  United  States  Navy. 
The  claim  is  made  by  the  Armstrongs  that  they 
can  profitably  compete  with  the  American  ship- 
builders on  theirown  ground  and  easily  command 
the  American  infiaence  necessary  to  secure 
contracts. 

The  Coming  Demand  eor  Structural  Iron 
is  said  to  be  very  promising.  Lirge  amounts 
will  be  called  for  in  the  elevated  railroad  work, 
which  is  now  being  projected  in  near  a  score  of 
cities.  A  single  scheme  of  this  kind  in  Balti- 
more will  call  for  the  expenditure  of  SSO.OOO,- 
000.  Kiilway  terminal  facilities  are  also  being 
largely  proposed,  which  will  also  absorb  large 
amoants  of  eaob  iron. 


New  Processes    for  Producing  White 
Lead. 

An  English  Invention. 

A  new  process  for  the  production  of  white 
lead  from  lead  ore  has  been  brought  out  in 
Esgland,  which  promises  to  be  very  snccessfal, 
and  to  give  ua  cheaper  paint  aa  well  aa  cheaper 
lead.  The  process  follows,  in  the  main,  the 
Bessemer  method  of  making  steel,  the  oxidation 
being  produced  by  air'  instead  of  acids.  The 
method,  it  is  claimed,  is  not  poisonous  to  work- 
men, aa  the  old  acid  process  ia,  and  the  product 
is  declared  to  be  better  as  well  aa  cheaper. 
"Anothep  New  Process  —  An  American  In- 
vention." 

Simultaneously  with  the  announcement  of  the 
above  Eaglish  invention,  the  Electrical  World 
of  New  York  describes  a  process  for  producing 
white  lead  by  means  of  electricity,  which  has 
JQSt  been  patented  by  Mr.  T.  D.  BDttome  of 
Hooaick,  New  York. 

The  process  devised  by  Mr.  B^ttome  consists 
in  eleotrolytioally  dissolving  a  lead  electrode  in 
an  electrolyte  containing  nascent  or  free  carbon 
dioxide,  whereby  the  lead  compound  formed  by 
electrolytic  action  is  precipitated  to  form  hy- 
drated  carbonate  of  lead,  or  pure  white  lead, 
which  ia  then  removed,  washed  and  dried. 

The  manner  in  which  this  ia  accomplished  is 
as  follows  :  The  electrol;  tic  solution  is  prepared 
by  dissolving  in  the  proportion  one-half  pound 
each  of  sodium  nitrate  and  ammonium  nitrate 
to  one  gallon  of  water,  and  then  saturating  the 
solution  thus  formed  with  carbon  dioxide, 
which  can  be  done  in  various  ways.  Sodium 
carbonate  and  ammonium  carbonate  may  be 
used  in  the  plaoe  of  the  nitrates  ;  but  in  that 
case  nitric  acid  mnat  be  added  until  the  bath  is 
about  neutral,  which  results  in  the  larger  por- 
tion of  the  carbon  dioxide  being  driven  off  dur- 
ing effervescence.  The  electrolytic  solution  is 
then  placed  in  a  tank  and  electrodes  of  metallic 
lead  are  immersed  in  the  same.  The  electrodes 
are  then  connected  to  the  generating  dynamo, 
and  a  current  density  of  about  15  amperes  per 
square  foot  of  anode  surface  is  maintained, 
Upon  the  passage  of  such  a  ourrent  between 
the  electrodes  through  the  bath,  the  white 
lead  begins  to  fall  very  rapidly,  Aa  the  carbon 
dioxide  ia  taken  up  from  the  bath  to  form  the 
hydrated  carbonate  of  lead,  it  ia,  of  course, 
necessary  to  have  the  bath  replenished  with 
additional  carbon  dioxide  as  the  process  oon- 
tinuea.  This  oan  be  done  in  several  ways.  A 
convenient  way  in  doing  this  consists  in  burn- 
ing limestone,  washing  the  gas  produced  by  the 
d  is  as  BO  elation  of  the  constituents  of  the  lime- 
stone, and  supplying  the  gas  directly  to  the 
bath. 

The  white  lead  is  from  time  to  time  removed 
from  the  tank,  wetted  and  dried,  and  on  being 
mixed  with  a  suitable  oil  into  a  paint  it  is  found 
to  have  much  greater  oovering  properties  than 
ordinary  commeroial  white  lead  formed  by  dis- 
solving lead  in  acetic  acid  in  the  presence 
of  carbonic  acid,  since  the  latter  ia  slightly 
crystalline  and  less  opaque  than  the  hydrated, 
carbonate  produced  by  the  action  of  carbonic 
acid  on  the  lead.  By  this  process  the  lead  is 
dissolved  at  the  rate  of  59  52  grains  per  ampere 
per  hour. 

Electrification  of  a  Steam  Jet. 

The  following  is  a  brief  abstract  of  a  paper 
recently  read  before  the  Physical  Society  of 
London,  by  Shelford  Bidwell: 

The  author  showed  that  the  capacity  of 
steam  issuing  from  a  nozzle  is  greatly  iucreaaed 
by  bringing  electrified  polnta  near  it,  and  that 
its  color  ia  changed  to  orange  brown.  Electri- 
fied balls  and  dishs  when  placed  in  the  steam 
produce  similar  effects,  and  when  these  are  con- 
nected with  an  infiuence  machine  at  work,  the 
decoloration  of  the  jet  rapidly  responds  to  each 
spark.  On  examining  the  absorption  spectrum 
of  the  unelectrified  jet,  little  or  no  selective 
absorption  waa  detected,  but  on  electrification 
the  violet  disappeared,  the  blue  and  green  were 
diminished,  and  the  orange  and  red  remained 
unchanged. 

From  these  results  the  author  concludes  that 
electrification  causes  an  increase  in  the  sizd  of 
the  water  particles  in  the  steam,  from  some- 
thing small,  compared  to  the  wave  length  of 
light,  to  about  1-50,000"  in  diameter.  Allied 
phenomena  with  water  jets  have  been  observed 
by  Lord  Rayleigh,  who  found  that  a  straggling 
water  jet  is  rendered  much  more  coherent  by 
bringing  a  rubbed  stick  of  sealing-wax  near  it. 
These  observations  are  of  considerable  meteoro- 
logical interest,  for  the  steam  jet  phenomena 
go  far  toward  explaining  the  cause  of  the  in- 
tense darkness  of  thunder  clouds,  and  of  the 
lurid  yellow  light  with  which  that  darkness  ia 
frequently  tempered. 

After  making  hia  experimenta,  the  author 
learned  that  aimilar  observations  bad  recently 
been  made  by  the  late  Robert  HelmhoMz,  who 
viewed  the  steam  jets  by  reflected  light  against 
a  dark  background.  On  electrification  the  jets 
became  much  better  defined,  and  presented  dif- 
fraction colors.  Luminous  flames  also  pro- 
duced similar  effects,  and  Mr.  Bidwell  haa 
found  that  glowing  touch-paper  is  equally  ef- 
ficient. 

Helmholtz  con jaotures  that  the  sudden  con- 
densation may  be  due  to  molecular  tremors  or 
shookB  Imparted  by  the  eleotrifioation  apsettiog 


the  unstable  equilibrium  of  the  supersaturated 
vapor,  just  as  a  supersaturated  saline  solution 
is  suddenly  cry stalliz  ad  when,  disturbed.  An- 
other hypothesis  suggests  that  condensation  is 
caused  by  the  introduction  of  solid  matter  into 
thejatby  the  exciting  cause,  thus  providing 
nuclei  upon  which  the  vapor  may  condense. 

On  reading  Helmboltz'a  paper,  the  author 
tried  the  effect  of  gas  flames  on  water  jets,  and 
found  that  when  luminous  tbey  influenced  the 
J9t  considerably,  whereas  non-luminous  flames 
bad  no  appreciable  effect.  He  also  found  that 
luminous  flimes  are  positively  electrified,  and 
demonstrated  this  before  the  meeting. 

Prcf.  Rtioker,  in  discussing  the  paper,  aaid 
that  he  thought  the  surface  tension  of  the  films 
surrounding  the  water  jets  would  be  modified 
by  the  presence  of  an  electrified  body,  and  that 
the  smoke  from  the  touch  paper  need  in  some 
of  the  experiments  on  steam  jats  would  intro- 
duce solid  particles  and  facilitate  condensation. 
Prof.  S.  P.  Thompson  commented  on  the  con- 
trast between  Mr.  Btdwell's  experiments  and 
those  of  Dr.  Lodge  on  the  dissipation  of  fogs  by 
electricity,  and  also  asked  whether  the  color  of 
the  J9t  depended  on  the  length  of  apark  pro- 
duced by  the  machine.  Prof.  Forbea  thought 
a  crucial  test  between  the  two  hypotheses  of 
HelmhoUz  could  bs  obtained  by  trying  the  ex- 
periment in  a  germlcES  globe.  The  president. 
Prof.  Reinold,  said  he  had  recently  noticed  that 
gas  fiimes  were  electrified, 

Mr.  Bidwell,  in  reply,  said  he  ought  to  have 
mentioned  that  the  effect  of  flames  on  jets  may 
be  due  to  dirt,  for  if  soap  or  milk  be  added  to 
the  water  in  the  steam  generator  no  effect  is 
produced  by  electrification  or  flame.  As  to 
change  of  color  with  spark  length,  little,  if  any, 
variation  is  ciused  thereby.  He  had  not  tried 
whether  a  red-hot  iron  produced  any  effect  on  a 
steam  jet, 

Powdered  Milk. — A  Swiss  aavanthas  made 
a  discovery  which  seems  almost  to  reverse 
known  natural  laws.  He  reduces  milk  to  a 
dry  powder  in  such  a  manner  that  by  the  ad- 
dition of  water  it  at  onceaaaumea  all  its  natural 
propertiea.  It  ia  claimed  that  milk  in  this 
form  ia  much  better  than  canned  or  condensed 
milk  for  one  reason — it  has  no  sugar  in  it.  It 
is  well  known  that  condensed  milk  cannot  be 
used  in  many  departments  of  cooking  on  ac- 
count of  this  sugar,  and  this  also  makes  it  ob- 
jectionable for  use  with  very  young  ohildren, 
not  that  sugar  itself  is  injurious  to  babies,  for 
it  is  always  put  into  their  milk,  we  believe, 
but  it  ia  better  that  this  sugar  be  put  in  fresh 
at  the  time  of  preparing  milk  for  the  child. 
How  far  this  powdered  milk  will  answer  these 
objscta  remains  to  be  seen.  One  thing  ia  cer- 
tain,gtbe  powder  would  be  much  better  for 
transportation  and  more  handy  to  have  in  the 
house  than  either  plain  or  condensed  milk,  pro- 
vided it  is  a  success.  It  looks  somewhat  dubi- 
ous as  a  complete  substitute  for  plain  milk,  not 
only  on  account  of  necessary  expense,  but  we 
do  not  find  any  kind  of  food  capable  of  being 
thoroughly  dried  and  afterward  made  over 
with  water  so  aa  to  closely  resemble  the  origi- 
nal article,  and  we  never  expect  to  see  it  done 
with  cow's  milk.  Nature  has  a  way  of  min- 
gling these  thinga  that  thus  far  man  has  not 
been  able  to  closely  imitate.  This  invention  is 
due  to  Dr.  Krueger,  a  Swiss  savant,  and  nuder 
hia  management  a  company  has  been  organized 
to  make  milk  powder  in  Switzerland. 

Natural  Gas  and  Cold  Weateeh. — The 
natural  gas  supply  for  heating  one  of  the  pub- 
lic schools  at  Pittsburg,  one  cold  morning  last 
week,  gave  out,  and  the  flow  waa  not  resumed 
for  several  hours.  In  explanation,  an  official 
said:  "  There  ia  alwaya  a  acarcity  of  gas  when 
the  weather  suddenly  becomes  cold,  but  the 
number  of  complaints  we  have  received  is  com- 
paratively small.  Very  often  the  acaroity  of 
gas  is  due  Co  some  local  trouble  like  the  freez- 
ing up  or  breaking  of  a  pipe.  We  have  plenty 
of  gaa,  but  it  always  contracts  in  very  cold 
weather.  A^  to  the  possibility  of  gaa  giving 
out  at  its  source,  attention  is  called  to  a  well 
in  the  TitusviUe  region,  the  first,  in  fact,  from 
which  gas  was  piped, *and  which,  after  a  service 
of  IS  years,  is  flowing  as  freely  as  ever.  The 
people  in  Western  Pennsylvania  who  have 
used  gas  for  so  many  years,  have  ceased  to  feel 
alarm  at  the  possibility  of  the  fuel  giving  ont. 
though  occasionally  the  subj  'ct  ia  discussed  for 
speculative  and  other  purposes." — Pitteburg 
Pottery. 

Device  for  Registering  the  Speed  of 
Vessels. — Tne  principle  of  the  anemometer, 
the  instrument  which  is  generally  used  for 
measuring  the  velocity  of  the  wind,  and  which 
is,  essentially,  a  email,  delicately  poised,  self- 
registering  windmill,  with  flat  or  cup-shaped 
arms,  has  been  applied  to  a  device  for  regis- 
tering the  speed  of  vessels.  The  little  mill, 
made  very  strong  and  protected  as  far  as  pos- 
sible, without  interfering  with  its  accuracy, 
from  accidental  blows,  is  placed  under  the 
keel  of  the  veasel  amidships.  Its  velocity 
varies,  of  course,  with  the  varying  speed  of  the 
vessel,  and  its  motion  ia  communicated  to  a 
small  vertical  shaft  which  passes  np  through 
the  ship  to  a  point  on  deck,  where  the  number 
of  revolutions  is  registered  upon  a  properly 
constructed  dial. 


LiQQEFriNG  Ozone, — O'zswski,  the  Russian 
physicist,  haa  aucceeded  in  liquefying  sufficient 
ozone  to  determine  the  boiling  point,  which  is 
— 159  Fahr.  The  liquid  ozone  is  dark  blue  in 
oolor,  and  is  nearly  opaque  in  a  layer  of  a  tenth 
of  an  Inoh  thick, 


Mar.  1,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


151 


SOOD   tlEj^LTH, 


Dosimetry. 

Editors  Prk.-«.s:— Permit  me  to  make  a 
few  oommenta  on  an  article  eDtitled  '*  Druga 
aad  Dootora,"  which  appeared  in  your  ieaue  of 
January  25,  tS90.  It  ia  true  that  there  are 
to-day  many  phyaiciaos.  who,  like  Dra.  Hotmea 
and  Welch,  are  skeptical  as  to  the  power  of 
drugs  in  the  treatment  of  diaeaaea.  I  believe 
that  this  feeling  haaftriaen  from  the  dieappolnt* 
meats  oaaaed  by  the  ancertain  activity  of  med- 
loamenta  in  general  aee.  The  ordinary  prep- 
arations of  pbarmicy,  aaoh  as  tinotarea,  ex* 
tracts,  deoootioDS  and  infusione,  do  not  give  ns 
the  exact  strength  and  activity  of  druga.  Many 
times  poiaououa,  they  have  also  often  proved 
inert.  The  variability  of  the  therapeutic 
power  of  medicinal  agenta  depends  on  oondi* 
tiona  affecting  the  growth  and  cultivation  of 
plants,  their  degree  of  fresbnesa  and  maturity. 
Such  variability  must  make  the  doaage  uncer- 
tain, and  therein  lies  one  great  cauee  of  the 
skepticism  displayed  to-day  in  the  ranks  oE 
the  profession.  Another  cause  is  that  while 
great  attention  has  been  paid  to  pathology, 
physiology  and  ohemistry,  the  science  of  ther- 
apeutics, which  is  the  corner-stone  of  medicine, 
has  been  neglected  and  misunderstood.  It  is 
the  atone  on  which  the  profession  has  split, 
and  whioh  has  led  to  the  formation  of  echools 
differing  widely  in  practice. 

Bat  however  slow  the  advance  In  this  branob, 
howevdr  aorimonions  the  disputes  over  the  va- 
rious systems  in  use  to-day,  we  need  not 
despair.  A  ray  of  light  has  at  last  appeared 
which  will  do  much  toward  clearing  up  uncer- 
tainties and  aoothing  the  rulllad  feelings  of  the 
Tarlous  disputanta.  If  allopathy  has  been  de* 
Qounoed  for  its  enormous  doses,  homeopathy 
has  erred  alao  by  pluuging  into  the  ethereal 
deptba  of  mythiciem,  thus  practically  acknowl- 
edging medical  nihilism, 

Ohemistry,  and  physiology  are  making  won- 
derful progress  in  clearing  away  the  cobwebs 
of  doubt  and  obscurity  in  the  treatment  of  dis- 
ease. Chemietry,  by  Isolating  the  active  prin- 
ciples of  druga,  ia  giving  us  agenta  of  definite 
power  and  activity,  and  physiological  experi- 
ments are  teaching  ns  the  mode  of  action  of 
theae  agents. 

The  discovery  of  quinine  has  given  an  im- 
petus to  chemloal  reBearohea,.and  to-day  we 
possess  quite  a  number  of  snbatanoes  repre- 
senting tue  active  principles  of  plants. 

Up  to  the  present,  the  science  of  therapeu* 
tics  has  been  running  in  the  deep  ruts  of  em- 
piricism and  routinism,  owing  to  the  uncertain 
and  dangerous  preparations  of  pharmacy,  but 
the  use  of  the  active  principles  of  plants,  or 
alkaloids  aa  they  are  called,  has  operated  a 
most  beneficial  change  in  the  practice  of  medi- 
cine. Medical  nihilism  or  fatatiam,  which  had  so 
argely  invaded  the  ranks  of  the  profeseion,  ia 
giving  way  to  renewed  faith  in  the  powers  of 
medicinal  agents,  tbanka  to  the  more  extended 
introduction  of  those  active  medicaments  iu  the 
treatment  of  diaease. 

Prof.  Burggiceve  of  the  Univeraity  of  Ghent, 
in  boldly  proclaiming  the  errors  of  poly- 
pharmacy and  the  blunderbuss  method  of  pre- 
scriptions, has  rendered  a  great  seivice  to  med- 
icine and  humanity.  The  dosimetric  method 
of  therapeutics  introduced  by  this  energetic 
worker  in  the  fields  of  medicine  about  20  years 
ago  is  now  coming  to  the  front,  after  much  op- 
position and  alight.  In  advocating  the  use  of 
the  alkaloids  and  teaching  the  proper  way  of 
uaing  them,  thia  method  has  lifted  medicine 
oat  of  the  mire  of  uncertainty  and  skepticism. 
It  replaces  routine  practice  by  one  character- 
ized by  activity  and  precision.  It  ia  the  con- 
demnation of  expectancy  and  nihiliam  in  the 
treatment  of  diEoaae, 

The  greit  principle  enunciated  by  the  pro- 
fessor of  Ghent  is  clear:  ' '  To  acute  diseases,  op- 
pose an  acute  treatment;  to  chronic  diseases, 
one  adapted  to  the  march  of  the  disease."  The 
j  agulation  of  acute  diseases  ia  the  cardinal 
principle  of  dosimetry.  There  are  two  periods 
in  diaease — a  first  or  dynamic,  and  a  second  or 
organic.  In  the  primitive  stage,  all  diseases 
resemble  each  otherj  the  prominent  symptom  ia 
fever,  aa  shown  by  accelerated  pulse  and  in 
creased  temperature,  and  it  ia  against  this 
primitive  phase  that  the  jugulatory  treatment 
is  directed.  If  we  at  once' restore  the  die* 
tarbed  equilibrium  by  the  use  of  sure  and  act- 
ive medicaments,  such  aa  the  alkaloida,  the  pa- 
tient is  saved  from  the  organic  changes  which 
are  aure  to  follow  the  first  stage  if  not  treated 
energetically.  The  secondary  or  organic  phase 
of  disease  constitutea  the  grave  side  of  the  af- 
fection against  whioh  medicine  has  at  best  but 
uncertain  means. 

Another  cardinal  principle  of  the  dosimetric 
method  is  the  mode  of  using  the  alkaloids.  ^  In 
attempting  the  jugulation  of  disease,  there  ia  a 
onlminating  point  to  be  reached  in  the  admin- 
istration of  theae  powerful  medioaments  in  or- 
der to  obtain  the  desired  effect.  The  rule  ie 
to  give  them  in  minute  doses,  at  short  inter- 
vals,' stroke  after  stroke,  until  the  morbid 
symptoms  are  controlled.  This  rule  givea  the 
practitioner  a  precise  and  active  mode  of  treat- 
ment which  enables  him  to  vanquish  diaease  in 
its  first  stage  and  prevent  those  pathological 
changes  which  so  often  endanger  life. 

In  a  Limited  communication  like  this  one,  it 
ia  impossible  to  enter  into  a  fuller  explanation 


of  thia  moat  valuable  method,  nod  I  will  refer 
any  one  desirous  of  farther  information  to  a 
paper  whioh  I  re%d  before  the  San  Kranoiaoo 
County  Medioal  Society,  and  whioh  waa  pub- 
lished in  the  January  number  of  the  Pacific 
Mtdical  Journal.  The  dosimetric  method*  is 
now  followed  by  thousands  of  phyatcians  In  the 
Old  and  New  World,  and  its  adherents  are  In- 
oreaaine  rapidly  in  numbers.  At  a  late  seance 
of  the  Paris  Academy  of  Medicine,  the  value  of 
atkaloidal  therapeutics  was  diaoussed  and  reo- 
ognJzad,  thus  paying  homage  to  the  labors  of 
the  great  professor  of  Ghent,  Dr.  Burggiceve. 
F.  A.  A.  Bblinok,  M.  D. 
J6r6  Sacramento  8t. 


QSEFUL    InFORJ\^ATIO,\. 


A  Curious  Relic— E.  S.  Wilson,  a  black- 
smith of  Oeark,  Mo.,  has  a  relic  of  the  Marsh- 
field  cyclone,  whioh  occurred  on  April  IS,  ISSO, 
that  is  a  very  remarkable  curiosity.  Thia  wit* 
neaa  of  one  of  the  freaks  of  the  great  storm  is 
a  black  quart  bottle,  bent  by  aome  mysterious 
force  into  an  elliptic  oirole  without  a  crack  or 
break  in  the  glass  that  the  closest  scrutiny  can 
discover.  Tbe  neck  of  the  bottle  actually 
touches  the  edge  of  the  bottom,  and  the  fact 
that  the  glass  was  not  broken  in  any  way  by 
the  force  of  the  storm  is  shown  by  its  holding 
water  or  any  other  fluid.  By  gradually  turn- 
ing the  bottle  as  the  water  is  poured  in,  it  can 
be  nearly  filled  to  its  full  capaoity,  ao  aa  to 
Bhow  the  perfect  aoundneas  of  the  material. 
The  bottle  was  found  by  Mr.  Wilson  the  day 
after  the  Marahfield  disaster,  and  examined  by 
Prof.  Tice.  The  meteorologist  attributed  the 
bending  of  the  bottle  to  the  force  of  electricity, 
and  considered  this  one  of  the  moat  wonderful 
reaulta  of  the  agency  at  work  in  the  atorm- 
cloud.  The  bottle  was  found  in  the  wreck  of 
one  of  the  Marshfield  drug  storea. — Ex. 


To  Stop  a  Horse  or  Cow  from  Jumping  — 
You  can  easily  stop  a  horse  or  cow  from  jump- 
ing fences  when  out  at  pasture  in  thia  way  : 
Put  a  strap,  with  a  ring  on  it,  around  the  near 
foreleg,  above  the  knee,,  and  a  surcingle  or  belt 
with  a  ring  around  the  body.  Then,  by  a  short 
strap  or  piece  of  rope,  attach  the  two  rings  so 
as  to  make  a  harmless  yet  perfectly  effective 
bobble.  Halter-pulling  in  the  stall  may  be 
effectually  and  easily  broken.  Put  a  slip- 
nooeed  rope  around  the  body,  lead  the  end  of 
it  between  the  animal's  forelegs  np  through  the 
halter,  and  make  it  faat  to  the  manger.  Then 
go  up  in  the  loft  and  throw  down  a  lot  of  clat- 
tering tin  pans  into  the  manger.  When  the 
horse  jampa  back  the  rope  will  catch  him  and 
bring  him  forward.  It  will  not  be  long  before 
you  cannot  make  him  jump  back. — £Jx, 

Tests  for  Underwear. — A  new  method  of 
testing  woolen  garments  is  by  putting  caustic 
soda  into  a  cup  of  water  and  dipping  the  article 
whose  genuineness  is  doubted  into  the  mixture, 
of  course  being  careful  not  to  touch  the  I'quid. 
The  caustic  soda  will  quickly  eat  animal  fibers, 
but  has  no  effect  upon  those  of  vegetable  ori- 
gin. If  the  article  is  all  wool,  it  will  be  dis- 
solved in  the  liquid,  leaving  nothing  but  a 
trace- of  coloring  matter.  If  the  material  is 
cotton,  it  comes  out  unscathed.  When  the 
material  is  wool  supported  by  a  framework  of 
cotton,  the  latter  being  distinguiahable  to  the 
eye  or  by  ordinary  test,  the  cauatic  soda  quick- 
ly divorces  the  two.  diasolvea  the  wool  and 
leavfB  the  cotton  as  clean  as  if  it  had  been 
woven  by  itself. 

To  Wash  Pocket  Handkerchiefs, — Wash 
all  good  pocket  handkerchiefs  by  themeelvea, 
quite  apart  from  the  other  things.  Soak  them 
over  night  in  cold  water,  then  waah  them  In 
good  hot  water,  using  the  beat  white  soap; 
rinse  them  in  clear  cold  water,  equ'eeze  the  cold 
water  out  of  them,  rub  well  with  white  soap, 
and  boil  them  for  20  minutes,  with  some  lump 
borax  in  the  water.  Then  rinse  them  again, 
and  if  any  epots  remain,  wash  them.  Blue  in 
the  ueual  manner,  and  iron  before  they  are 
quite  dry  with  a  well-polished  hot  iron.  Hand- 
kerchiefs treated  in  this  way  will  wear  better, 
and  will  keep  their  color  even  when  they  are  in 
rags. 

The  Latest  and  moat  unique  invention  is  a 
machine  for  buttering  bread.  It  ia  used  in 
connection  with  a  great  patent  bread-outter, 
and  ia  intended  for  use  in  priaons,  workhousea 
and  other  reformatory.inatitutions.  There  is  a 
cylindrioal-shapEd  brush  whioh  is  fed  with  but- 
ter and  lays  a  thin  layer  on  the  bread  aa  it 
comes  from  the  cutter.  The  machine  can  be 
worked  by  hand,  steam,  or  electricity,  and  has 
a  capacity  of  cutting  and  buttering  750  loaves 
of  bread  an  hour.  The  saving  of  butter  and  of 
bread,  and  the  decreaae  in  the  quantity  of 
crumbs,  ia  aaid  to  be  very  large. 

A  New  and  Artistic  Idea  haa  been  intro- 
duced at  dinner  parties  lately.  The  knives 
and  forks  are  all  different,  and  each  one  made 
after  some  special  design.  Diminutive  copies 
of  antique  Garman  and  Turkish  sworda  serve 
the  guests  masculine  for  knives,  matched  with 
tiny  daggers  of  Italian  patterns  given  to  those 
of  the  sex  feminine. 


-'LECTPjeiTY, 


The   Delerioration   of  Electrical  Con- 
•  ductors, 

A  oorrespondent  of  La  Lum'vre  EUctrique 
gives  an  account  of  aome  of  his  ob- 
aervationa  on  the  deterioration  of  copper  con- 
doctors  by  the  long-continued  piaaageof  strong 
currents  of  electricity  through  them.  Hia 
attention  waa  lirst  called  to  the  question 
in  1884,  when  he  examined  the  electrical 
and  meohanioal  properties  of  aome  pieces 
of  electric-lighting  cables  that  had  been  iu 
use  for  some  years.  Ooe  specimen  which 
had  been  in  uae  for  20  years  gave  very 
striking  reaulta.  It  was  extremely  brittle,  and 
broke  iu  fragments  under  the  hammer,  while 
its  fractured  surface  reaembled  in  all  partiou- 
lare  that  of  electrolytic  copper.  The  current 
through  this  cable  bad  not  been  in  any  way 
excessive,  nor  had  it  been  subjected  to  any 
heavy  meohanioal  atraioing.  Similar  though 
less  marked  results  were  obtained  with  other 
cables,  which  had  been  in  use  for  shorter  epaoea 
of  time.  The  currents  in  all  these  cases  were 
direct;  but  he  afterward  bad  an  opportunity 
of  examining  the  effects  produced  by  an  alter- 
nating current.  This  wire  had  become  very 
brittle;  its  electrical  reaistance,  moreover,  had 
increased  about  31  per  cent.  It  was  then  de- 
termined to  make  aome  syatematio  experiments 
on  this  subject.  He  endeavored  in  the  first 
place  to  determine  whether  the  long-continued 
passage  of  a  powerful  current  of  electricity 
caused  any  expansion  of  the  wire,  and  second- 
ly, whether  and  in  what  degree  it  altered  the 
elastic  properties  of  the  material. 

These  experiments  are  very  elaborate  and 
very  carefully  made,  and  have  not  yet  been 
completed.  Daring  the  first  nine  months  of 
the  four  years  of  their  continuance  the  obser- 
vations showed  a  want  of  uniformity,  but 
since  then  have  been  very  regular,  and  the  re- 
sults now  publiahed  show  that  the  elastic  prop- 
erties of  the  wires  have  been  very  considerably 
changed.  This  variation  takes  place  the  more 
rapidly  with  strong  than  with  weak  currents, 
and  with  alternating  than  with  direct. 


Increasing  Uses  of  Electricity. — The  in- 
crease in  the  use  of  electric  lights  and  electric 
motors  is  shown  by  the  Electrical  World  to  be 
greater  during  the  past  few  years  than  most 
people  probibly  imagine.  The  number  of  elec- 
tric-lighting companies  in  the  United  States 
and  Canada  operating  central  atations  at  the 
beginning  of  18S6  was  450,  This  number  had 
increased  at  the  .beginniog  of  1887  to  750,  at  the 
beginning  of  1SS9  to  nearly  1200,  and  at  the 
beginning  of  1890  to  1277,  including  25  in 
Mexico  and  Central  America.  Meantime  266 
gas  companies  had  engaged  in  eleotric  lighting, 
so  that  the  total  number  of  companies  engaged 
in  electric  lighting  at  present  is  1543.  The 
number  of  isolated  or  private  incandescent  and 
arc  light  plants  at  the  beginning  of  1887  was 
about  1000  each.  Now  there  are  3925  private 
plants  in  the  United  States,  175  in  Canada  and 
200  in  Mexico  and  Cdntral  America,  making 
4300  in  all.  The  number  of  arc  lamps  in  use  in 
1882  was  6000.  This  number  doubled  each 
year  for  four  years  and  has  since  grown  rapidly 
until  there  are  now  235,000  arc  lamps  iu  uae. 
The  number  of  incandescent  lights  has  increased 
from  525,000  in  November,  1886,  to  3,000.000 
at  present.  The  number  of  electric  motors  now 
iu  operation  in  the  country  ia  estimated  at 
15,000.  There  are  nearly  200  electric  railways 
in  over  125  towns  and  cities,  and  these  have  in 
operation  or  under  contract  18S4  cars  on  1260 
miles  of  track.  These  motors  find  their  great- 
est application  in  connection  with  electric- 
light  plants.  Electricians,  however,  look  for  a 
great  development  of  eleotric  motors  for  rail- 
roads of  all  kinds  during  the  next  two  years. 
Electric  light  and  electric  power  for  mining  is 
a  new  development  of  considerable  promise. 
The  electric  tramway  and  electric  power  for 
pumping,  drilling,  cutting,  etc.,  have  already 
been  adopted  to  some  extent  with  good  results. 


The  manufacture  of  luminous  paint  has  been 
begun  in  Austria  on'  a  large  scale,  at  about  a 
sixth  of  the  cost  hitherto,  A  special  paper  ia 
supplied  for  use  when  the  paint  is  applied  to 

walls, 


Electrified  Steam, — At  the  last  meeting  of 
the  Physical  Society  of  London,  the  members 
were  much  interested  in  some  very  beautiful 
experiments  of  Mr.  Shelford  Bidwell,  F.  R.  S. 
In  one  of  these  experiments  a  powerful  electrio 
light  cast  a  shadow  of  a  steam  jet  upon  a 
screen,  but  the  shadow  was  barely  visible,  nor 
did  the  ]  it  appear  very  brilliant  under  the  illu- 
mination. A  needle-point  was  then  held  near 
the  j  it  and  electrified  by  being  connected  with 
a  Wimsburst  machine.  Instantly  the  shadow 
became  conapicuoua  and  of  a  dark  brown  color, 
while  the  jet  itself  became  far  more  luminous 
and  occasionally  colored.  The  effect  of  the 
electrification  is  apparently  instantaneous.  It 
is  probable  that  the  explanation  may  bs  closely 
connected  with  Lord  Raleigh's  well-known  ex- 
periment of  electrifying  a  jet  of  water,  which 
then  oeaaea  to  aoatter  and  fall  in  small  drops, 
but  instead  draws  itself  together  and  falls  in 
large  faltering  drops.  Aa  Lord  Raleigh's  ex- 
periments explain  the  large  drops  associated 
with  a  thunderstorm,  so  Mr.  Bidwell's  eeem  to 
throw  some  light  upon  the  cause  of  the  extra- 
ordinary blackness  of  the  thunder  clouds  and 
of  the  lurid  light  so  often  seen  in  the  aky  be- 
fore a  storm. 

Mining  Haulage,  etc.,  by  Electric  Mo- 
tors is  a  matter  whioh  is  just  now  exciting  con- 
siderable interest  among  mining  men,  partioa* 


larly  in  coal  mines.  The  maohlnery  employed 
is  very  oompaot  and  occupies  much  less  space 
than  that  required  for  either  ateam  or  animal 
haulage.  Now  that  electric  motors  have  be- 
come a  con^meroial  article  and  have  been  orov- 
en  to  be  perfectly  praotioal,  we  may  soon  look 
for  a  very  general  use  for  them  everywhere. 
The  number  of  electric  motors,  large  and  small*, 
now  in  uae  in  this  country,  is  estimated  at 
15,000,  many  of  whioh  are  from  15  to  50  horse- 
power. 

The  National  Electric  Light  Association 
held  its  annual  meeting  during  the  second 
week  in  February,  at  which  a  large  number  of 
valuable  papers  were  read  on  various  tubjaota 
connected  with  eleotric  matters  in  general. 
The  public  proceedings  have  not  yet  reached 
this  coast. 

Electric  Light  Without  Dynamos. — A  dis- 
patch from  Berlin,  dated  Feb.  19:h,  says  that 
Henry  Weigert,  a  Berlin  banker,  has  just  tak- 
en out  a  patent  in  Germany  for  the  production 
of  an  electrio  light  without  the  use  of  either 
dynamos  or  aooumalators. 


The  Buildef(., 


-  New  Style  of  Flooring— Bedding  in  As- 
phalt.— A  curious  method  of  laying  floors  has 
been  adopted  in  France  and  obtained  a  wide 
application.  It  consists  in  embodying  the 
flooring  in  asphalt.  The  new  floors  are  used 
mostly  for  the  ground  atoriea  of  barracks,  hos- 
pitals, and  for  churches  and  oourts  of  law.  For 
the  floors  in  question,  pieces  of  oak,  usually  2h 
by  4  inches  broad,  12  to  30  inches  long  and  1 
inch  thick,  are  pressed  down  into  a  layer  of  hot 
asphalt,  not  quite  half  an  inch  thick,  in  the 
well-known  herring-bone  pattern.  To  Insure  a 
complete  adhesion  of  the  wood  to  the  asphalt 
and  obtain  the  smallest  possible  joints,  the 
edges  of  the  pieces  of  wood  are  planed  down, 
beveling  toward  the  bottom,  ao  that  their  oross 
section  becomes  wedge-like.  Nails,  of  .  course, 
are  not  necessary,  and  a  perfectly  level  surface 
may  be  given  to  the  flooring  by  planing  after 
the  laying  down.  The  advantages  of  this  floor- 
ing, which  only  requires  an  even  bed  on  which 
to  rest,  are  said  to  be  the  following:  1.  D.tmp- 
neas  from  below  and  the  rotting  of  boards  is 
prevented.  2.  Floors  may  be  cleaned  quickly 
and  with  the  least  amount  of  water,  insuring 
rapid  drying.  3.  Vermin  cannot  accumulate 
in  the  joints.  4,  Unhealthy  exhalations  from 
the  soli  cannot  penetrate  into  the  rooms.  As- 
phalt being  impermeable  to  damp,  rooms  be- 
come perfectly  healthy,  even  if  they  are  not 
vaulted  underneath.  In  buildings  with  several 
stories,  as  in  hospitals,  the  vitiated  air  of  the 
lower  rooms  oannot  ascend,  an  objact  which  it 
has  hitherto  not  been  possible  to  attain  by  any 
other  means  known.  5.  The  layer  of  asphalt 
will  also  prevent  the  spreading  of  £re  from  one 
floor  to  another  in  case  of  conflagration.  The 
fl:)oring  described  has  been  laid  in  the  numer- 
ous casemates  of  the  forts  around  Metz,  to  the 
satisfaction  of  the  authorities.  The  cost  is 
about  25  cents  per  Equare  foot.  This  estimate, 
somewhat  high,  would  be  much  lower  in  dis- 
tricts where  oak  and  labor  are  cheaper,  and  the 
distance  from  places  of  construction  less. — 
Builder  and  Woodworker, 


Building  IN  San  Francisco  in  1889. — Al- 
though during  the  year  18S9  there  were  not 
quite  as  many  buildings  erected  in  this  city  as 
in  the  preceding  year,  the  builders  and  carpen- 
ters enjoyed  a  12-month8'  season  of  prosperity. 
Building  material  was  cheap  and  wages  were 
about  the  average.  The  real  estate  market 
was  in  a  quite  active  condition,  and  purchasers 
of  land  were  not  slow  to  improve  the  property  . 
which  they  had  purchased.  According  to  a 
summary  whioh  the  editor  of  the  California, 
Architect  and  Building  News  has  prepared,  the 
number  and  value  of  buildings  erected  in  San 
Francisco  during  18S9  were  as  follows:  Frame 
buildings,  841,  valued  at  $4,194  641;  brick 
buildings,  36,  valued  at  $2,073  329;  additions 
and  repairs,  204,  valued  at  $755  S55;  total  num- 
ber, 1081,  valued  at  $6,963,825.  Besides  the 
buildings  and  repairs  above  noted,  the  other 
improvements  in  the  city  have  aggregated 
$500,000,  making  a  grand  total  for  the  year  of 
say  $7,500,000  in  the  city,  being  far  in  excess  in 
value  of  any  preceding  year,  although  not  in 
the  number  of  buildiogs.  The  value  of  build- 
ings erected  for  each  year  from  ISSO  to  1SS8, 
inoluaive,  will  be  found  interesting,  for  com- 
parison, aa  showing  the  regular  and  rapid  in- 
crease of  values  in  this  direction.  We  oopy  aa 
follows:  $1.754  435;  $3  790,732;  $3,896,212; 
$5,261  689;  $6,202  807;  $7,043,999;  $6  401,669; 
$6  605.054;  $6,244,220. 


A  Magnificent  Structure, — Plans  have 
been  perfected  in  Chicago  for  the  building  of  a 
Masonic  temple  at  the  corner  of  State  and 
Randolph  streets.  The  building  will  be  the 
Hneat  of  the  kind  in  the  world,  and  will  cost 
$2,500,000,  and  cover  a  quarter  of  a  block. 
The  movement  for  a  new  Masonic  temple  in 
San  Francisco  is  taking  a  definite  shape. 

Marvels  of  Modern  Building,— The  mar- 
vels of  modern  building  seem  to  be  without  end. 
The  contractors  take  hold  of  a  five  or  six  story 
structure  of  brick,  stone  and  mortar,  push  it 
up,  lower  it,  change  its  entire  character,  and 
remodel  it  without  apparently  disturbing  the 
lin^a  of  aafety  or  utility.  Apparently  nothing 
bafflss  the  mcfdern  bnilder, 


153 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Mae.  1,  1890 


A.  T.  DEWBY.  W.  B.  KWEB, 

DEWEY  &  CO.,  Publishers. 


Ofccy  220  Market  St.,  N.  E.cor.  Front  St.,  S.  F, 
gr  Take  the  Elevator,  No.  IS  Front  Si.-e» 


W.  B.  EWER Sbkior  Editor 


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SAN    FRANCISCO: 

Saturday,   March   i,    1890. 


TABLE  OF  CONTENTS. 


ILLUSTRATIONS.— Engines  and  Cable- Gearing' of 
the  Hayes  Street  Cable  Kailway;  Working  a  Serpea- 
tine  Quarry;  Kinds  ol  Finish  for  Stone,  14a.  Walnut 
Grove  Dam,  153. 

BUlTUttiAijO.— Corliss  Engines  for  Cable  Boada; 
Serpe:itine  Bock,  145.  Passing  Events;  The  Me- 
chaoica'  Institute,  Dividends  and  Stock  Fluctuations; 
Finishing  Stone;  The  Walnut  Grove  Dam,  152.  More 
Favorable  Legislation  for  Silver,  153 

OORRBafONDENCE.— Placer  County,  146. 

MISCELLANEOUS.— An  Object-Leason;  The  Gas- 
sel  Gold-txtractiog  Process;  The  Kara  Miaes;  Didn't 
Find  Oat;  New  Coal  Mines;  Electricity  and  Mining; 
Ore  and  Bullion  Yie'd,  146;  IrriKatioo  on  Public 
Lands;  A  Railroad  on  Tree  I  opa;  Will  Resume  Work 
Soon;  At  Victor;  Guarding  Aiainat  PoFsible  Danger; 
•Economical  Bridges;  Precaution  Against  Mine  Fires; 
What  Is  to  he  Used  for  Floor  Beams;  About  Yuma; 
A  Test  of  Steel  Ties;  California  Historical  Society; 
A  Legal  Day's  Labor;  To  Mend  Rubber  Boots;  Soutb 
Africa;  A  Crematory,  147. 

MECHANICAL  PROGRESS.— A  New  and  Per- 
fected Axe;  American  Ability  to  Build  War  Ships; 
A  Progressive  Half-Century;  Some  Chanees  in  Hard- 
ware; [mprovemf-nts  in  Back  Steel;  Ke'osene  to  Re- 
move Scale  and  Rust;  A  New  Composite  Metal;  An 
English  Shipjard  lor  America,  150. 

SOIBNTIFIG  PROGRESb.  —  New  Processes  for 
Producing  White  Lead;  Electrification  of  a  Steam  Jet; 
Powdered  Milk;  Natural  Gas  and  Cold  Weather.  De- 
vice for  Resristerxng  the  Spted  of  Vessels;  Liquefying 
Oz-ne,  150. 

GOOD  HEALTH-— Dosimetry,  151- 

USEFUL  INFORMATION.— A  Curious  Relic;  To 
Stop  a  Horse  or  Cow  from  Jum  ing;  Tests  for  Under- 
wear; To  Wash  Banrikercbicfa;  Miscellaneous,  151. 

BLBCTBICITY.— The  Deterioration  of  Electr  cal 
Conductors;  Increasing  Uses  ol  Electricity;  Elect  ified 
Steam;  Electric  Light  Dynamos;  Miscellaneoun,  151 

THm!  builder —New  Styles  of  Flooring;  Buili-ing 
in  San  Francisco  in  HsS9;  A  Magnificent  Structure; 
Marvels  in  Modern  Building,  151- 


Business  Announoements, 


[NBW  THIS  lBBnS.1 

Machinery  for  Sale— J.  C.  Rued. 

Delinquent  Sale  Notice — Gray  Eagle  Mining  Co. 

Kiax  Packing— W.  T.  Y.  fechenck. 

Stamp  Mills  and  Ore  Separators — A.  P.  Granger,  Denver. 

tS"  See  Advertising  Columiu. 


Passing  Events. 

The  bursting  of  the  Walnut  Grrove  dam.  Ari- 
zona, by  which  many  lives  were  lost  and  much 
property  destroyed,  while  a  most  deplorable 
event,  will  serve  also  as  a  warning  for  the 
future.  Competent  men  informed  the  company 
of  its  improper  constrnotion  and  oonaeqnent  nn- 
Bafety,  but  the  advice  was  disregarded.  It  was 
built  in  a  cheap  way  and  not  fit  for  its  purpose, 
as  the  result  shows.  As  there  are  intentions  of 
bailding  dams  io  many  places,  the  companies 
which  undertake  them  ought  to  be  compelled  by 
law  to  carry  on  the  work  so  as  to  afford  protec- 
tion to  those  who  might  be  endangered  by 
failure. 

The  miners  along  the  Klamath  have  had  hard 
look  this  winter,  having  lost  their  wheels,  der- 
ricks and  other  portions  of  their  mining  outfits 
by  unprecedented  fioods. 

Underground  work  at  the  Grass  Valley 
mines,  the  center  of  the  quartz  industry  of  the 
State,  is  stopped,  Water-power  ia  wanting, 
the  ditches  being  broken.  Some  of  the  mines 
are  pumping  by  steam.  They  have  great  quan- 
tities of  water  to  contend  with  this  winter. 

At  Tunnel  9  on  the  Oregon  line,  where  great 
landslides  have  occurred,  in  order  to  remove 
the  earth,  they  have  put  in  hydraulic  apparatus 
o!  13  eteam  foroe-pnmpa,  whioh  ia  now  doing 


the  work  of  600  men  daily.  The  apparatus' 
has  a  capacity  of  3500  gallons  a  minute,  and 
the  giant  nozzle  is  now  discharging  about  2500 
gallons  a  minute,  sluicing  the  earth  into  a  level 
space  along  the  river. 


Dividends  and  Stock  Fluctuations. 

They  are  just  beginning  to  find  out  a  few 
things  about  mining  stock  exchanges  in  Colo- 
rado. They  have  not  been  able  to  understand 
why  a  mine  that  pays  regular  dividends  has  no 
especial  attractions  on  the  Denver  Exchange, 
and  that  speculative  stocks  are  preferred,  ThiB 
has  been  the  case  for  20  years  in  our  local  stock 
exchange.  The  prices  of  the  dividend-payers 
are  more  steady  than  those  stocks  which  never 
paid  dividends  and  never  expect  to.  The 
brokers  and  dealers  don't  care  a  button  about 
dividends  in  stocks.  They  make  their  money 
from  fiuotuations  in  the  market  value  of  the 
stock,  not  the  actual  value  of  the  mine  itself. 
The  latter  interests  them  not  at  all.  In  fact, 
if  there  were  a  fixed  value  on  a  mine,  the  stock 
would  also  have  a  fixed  value,  and  the  brokers 
would  have  no  use  for  it. 

While  the  original  intention  of  stock  ex- 
changes was  to  sell  stock  so  the  respective 
mines  could  be  developed,  they  have  long 
since  lost  sight  of  that  feature.  The  stock  is 
bought  and  sold  as  a  gamble  or  speculation, 
with  very  little  reference  to  the  mine  itself. 
The  companies  onoe  having  sold  the  stock  have 
no  interest  whatever  in  it,  unless  the  individ- 
ual owners  fail  to  pay  assessments,  and  it 
comes  back  into  the  company's  possession. 
They  would  much  rather  have  the  assessments 
paid  than  to  have  the  stock  back. 

We  have  realized  this  matter  so  many  years 
here  in  Oalifornia,  that  since  we  settled  down 
to  legitimate  mining  the  California  gold  mines 
do  not  appear  on  the  stock  boards.  In  fact  it  is 
rather  to  the  detriment  of  a  gold  mine  to  have 
it  listed.  The  stocks  dealt  in  here  are  mainly 
those  of  Nevada  silver  mines.  Many  of  those 
called  on  the  boards  never  paid  any  dividends, 
and  it  would  be  a  matter  of  surprise  if  they 
should.  It  is  not  expected  of  them.  Of  course 
this  is  not  always  the  case,  bat  it  is  as  a  general 
thing.  Ore  developments,  or  promise  of  devel- 
opments, infiuence  the  stock,  but  as  soon  as 
a  mine  settles  down  to  a  regular  dividend 
basis  its  value  becomes  too  fixed  to  admit  of 
such  speculation  as  the  brokers  and  dealers  de 


The  Mechanics'  Institute. 

The  annual  election  of  the  Mechanics'  Insti- 
tute on  Tuesday  was  a  warmly  contested  one, 
there  having  been  two  tickets  in  the  field.  The 
total  vote  cast  was  1295,  of  which  the  nomi- 
nees on  the  Regular  ticket  received  the  follow- 
ing: David  Kerr,  709  voles;  A.  W.  Starbird, 
735;  Geo.  H.  Hopps,  693;  A,  W.  Scott,  698; 
Robert  Ewing,  696;  J.  K.  Firth,  730;  W.  T.  Y. 
Sobenok,  701.  The  vote  oast  for  the  opposi- 
tion or  Members*  ticket  was  as  follows:  Chas. 
L.  Taylor,  602;  Henry  Root,  608;  Banjamin 
Marshall,  595;  A.  P.  Plaglor.  554;  W.  A. 
Beatty,  567;  James  H.  Barry,  550;  Charles 
Elliott,  614. 

As  stating  the  position  of  the  elected  officers 
with  relation  to  the  officers  of  the  Institute,  we 
reprint  the  following  circular  issued  before  the 
election: 

There  having  appeared  in  the  daily  papers 
statements  rtfiecting  on  the  directory  of  the  In- 
stitute, a  plain  statement  of  facts  becomes  nec- 
essary, in  order  that  no  member  may  be  misled. 

The  majority  of  the  present  directors  and 
nominees  have  been  in  the  board  for  a  number 
of  terms — in  faot,  since  the  erection  of  the  pres- 
ent pavilion  on  L'^rkin  street. 

In  the  year  1S79,  the  assets  of  the  Institute 
were  fairly  estimated  at  $204  969;  the  number 
of  books  in  the  library,  27,026  volumes;  number 
of  members,  1767. 

At  the  close  of  1SS9,  the  assets  of  the  Insti- 
tute were  valued  ac  §1,222,558,  clear  of  all  in- 
debtedness; number  of  volumes  in  the  library, 
48,153;  number  of  members,  3557 — showing 
during  the  past  ten  years  a  gain  in  property  of 
81,017.589;  in  books,  of  21,187  volumes;  and  in 
membership,  1790.  So  much  for  the  manage- 
ment of  the  present  board. 

It  is  beyond  a  question  that  the  present  li< 
brary  quarters  are  wholly  inadequate,  and  the 
board  has  under  consideration  the  feasibility  of 
erecting  a  library  bailding  on  a  portion  of  the 
pavilion  block,  anticipating  the  remaining  land 
will  produce  a  revenue  sufficient  to  pay  the 
principal,  interest,  taxes  and  insurance,  and 
have  the  library  uninoumbered  at  the  expira- 
tion of  say  17  years. 

Fairs  will  be  held  in  the  present  pavilion  as 
long  as  the  trustees  find  the  premises  adequate 


and  suitable  for  the  purpose,  and  no  action  has 
been  taken,  nor  is  there  any  intention  of  mov- 
ing the  pavilion  from  its  present  site. 

The  chess  and  reading  rooms  oooupy,  with 
the  exception  of  the  email  rooms  filled  with 
books,  the  entire  upper  floor  of  the  Institute, 
There  can  be  no  enlarged  accommodations  un- 
til new  quarters  are  secured;  hence  the  neces- 
sity of  a  new  library. 

On  account  of  the  large  number  of  applica- 
tions to  the  evening  classes,  more  room  was  re- 
quired than  the  library  building  could  afford, 
and  they  were  therefore  removed  to  the  art 
gallery  of  the  pavilion,  where  all  needed  accom- 
modation was  secured. 

The  above  is  a  statement  and  facts  and  the 
official  action  of  the  trustees  as  recorded. 

The  trustees-elect  will  be  installed  at  the  an- 
nual meeting  on  Saturday  evening  of  next 
week.  The  contested  election  has  had  the  ef- 
fect of  interesting  most  of  the  members  in  the 
business  affairs  of  the  Institute,  whioh  should 
result  in  the  general  welfare  of  the  institution. 

Their  victory  in  so  sharply  a  contested  elec- 
tion is  a  strong  endorsement  of  the  old  manage- 
ment, under  whioh  the  Institute  has  enjoyed  a 
large  amount  of  prosperity  and  financial  suo- 
cess. 

Finishing  Stone. 

The  more  common  kinds  of  finish  applied  to 
stone  are  shown  in  the  accompanying  engrav- 
ing, which  are  drawn  from  samples  in  the 
Smithsonian  Institute.     (See  page  145.) 

Hock  Face  Finish. — This  is  the  natural  face 
of  the  rock  as  broken  from  the  quarry,  or  but 
slightly  trimmed  down  by  the  pitching-tool. 
As  in  this  and  all  the  figures  given,  it  is  fre- 
quently surrounded  by  a  margin  of  drove 
work. 

Pointed  Face. — In  this  finish  the  natural  face 
of  the  rock  has  been  trimmed  down  by  means 
of  the  sharp-pointed  tool  called  a  point.  It  is 
used  principally  for  exterior  work,  as  in  the 
walls  of  a  building.  Two  common  styles  of 
pointing  are  shown. 

Ax-Hammered  i^ace.— This  finish  is  pro- 
duced by  striking  upon  the  surface  repeated 
blows  with  a  sharp-faced  hammer,  called  an 
ax  or  pean  hammer.  It  closely  resembles  the 
next,  but  is  coarser.  Uaed  in  steps,  house 
trimmings  and  other  exterior  work. 

Patent  Hammered. — This  finish  is  produced 
by  striking  repeated  blows  upon  the  smooth 
surface  of  the  rock  with  the  rough-faced  implc' 
ment  called  a  patent  hammer.  Five  grades  of 
fineness  are  commonly  recognized,  the  4-ont, 
6-out,  8-cut,  lO-cut  and  12-cut  surfaces,  made 
by  hammers  composed  of  four,  six,  eight,  ten 
and  12  plates,  respectively.  A  very  common 
finish  for  the  finer  kinds  of  exterior  work. 

Bmh  Hammered.  —  This  finish  resembles 
closely  the  tooth  chiseled  or  very  fine  pointing. 
It  is  used  mostly  on  soft  stone. 

Square  Drove. — The  square  drove  surface  is 
made  with  a  wide  steel  chisel  with  a  smooth 
edge,  called  a  drove.  It  is  quite  common  to 
use  this  style  of  finish  as  a  border  to  the  rook- 
face  or  pointed  surfaces  in  many  kinds  of  ex- 
terior work. 

Tooth  Chiseled. — This  finish  is  produced  by 
means  of  a  wide  steel  chisel  with  an  edge 
toothed  like  that  of  a  saw.  This  and  the 
square  drove  are  used  principally  upon  lime- 
stones, marbles  and  sandstones,  the  granites 
being  too  hard  to  be  cut  in  this  manner. 

Sawed  Face, — This  is  the  surface  of  the  rock 
as  left  by  the  saw;  the  saw  used  for  the  pur- 
pose being  a  thin,  smooth  blade  of  soft  iron, 
fed  with  sharp  sand  or  chilled  iron.  This  and 
the  foUowiug  styles,  although  possessing  dis- 
tinctive characteristics  easily  recognizable  by 
the  eye,  are  of  such  a  nature  that  their  like- 
nesses cannot  be  well  reproduced  on  paper, 
Hence>  no  attempt  at  illustration  has  been 
made. 

Fine  Sand  Finish. — To  produce  this  finish, 
the  chiseled  or  eawn  surface  of  the  marble  is 
rubbed  smooth  by  means  of  a  block  of  atone 
and  fine  wet  sand  or  on  the  machines  yet  to  be 
described. 

Pumice  Finish.— ThiB  is  a  very  smooth  but 
unpolished  surface  produced  by  smooth  rubbing 
with  pumice  or  Scotch  hone. 

Polished  Sur/ace.~~Two  kinds  of  polished 
surfaces  are  made — the  acid  gloss  dnd  the  putty 
gloss.  For  either,  the  surface  of  the  stone  is 
made  as  smooth  as  possible  by  means  of  sand,- 
or  emery,  and  pumice,  or  hone,  after  which  it 
is  rubbed  with  moist  woolen  cloth  and  oxalic 
acid,  or  polishing  putty.  Frequently  the  two 
methods  are  combined,  especially  in  tombstone 
work. 


The  Walnut  Grove  Dam, 

Its    Breakage   Besults  In  Great    Loss    of 
Life. 

On  Saturday  morning  last  the  large  storage 
dam  built  across  the  Hassayampa  creek,  Ari- 
zona, by  the  Walnut  Grove  Water  Storage  Co,, 
gave  way  under  the  pressure  of  a  flood,  and  the 
water  swept  everything  before  it  for  miles, 
drowning  about  100  persons.  The  serv- 
ice dam  of  the  company,  located  15  miles  below 
the  reservoirs,  and  15  miles  of  flame  just  ap- 
proaohicg  completion,  were  also  swept  away. 
Altogether  the  company  has  spent  over  $800,- 
000  on  the  enterprise  of  storing  water  for 
hydraulic  mining,  and  the  machinery  had  ar- 
rived, and  they  expected  to  commence  opera- 
tions next  week.  The  dam  which  held  the 
waters  back  was  110  feet  long  at  the  base  and 
400  feet  at  the  top.  It  was  110  feet  thiok  at 
the  base  and  10  feet  at  the  top,  forming  a  lake 
three  miles  in  length  by  three-fourths  of  a  mile 
wide  and  110  feet  deep. 

The  main  dam  was  about  35  miles  south  of 
Freecott,  at  an  elevation  of  3500  feet  above  sea 
level.  The  drainage  area  of  the  dam  is  390  miles, 
with  a  supposed  annual  rainfall  of  16  inches. 
The  dam  was  built  to  store  water  principally 
for  some  alleged  rich  placers  on  the  mesa,  18 
miles  below  the  dam.  Cattle  raising  and  irri- 
gation were  also  secondary  considerations. 

Of  the  42  workmen  at  the  dam,  39  lost  their 
lives.  It  was  2  a.  m.  when  the  dam  broke  and 
the  water  passed  on  down  with  wonderful 
rapidity,  overwhelming  ranchers  and  miners  on 
its  course.  Some  of  the  bodies  were  found  30 
miles  below  the  point  where  the  flood  overtook 
them.  Among  those  lost  are  a  namber  of 
women  and  children  who  were  living  in  -  the 
cabius. 

It  seems  now,  from  the  testimony  of  engi- 
neers, that  this  dreadful  accident  was*  due  to 
criminal  carelessness  in  the  constrnotion  of  the 
dam,  and  that  the  company  had  been  informed 
more  than  a  year  ago  that  the  structure  was 
unsafe  through  faulty  oonetructiou.  Loose 
rock  was  put  in  below  tBe  dam  to  strengthen  it 
after  it  was  built,  Mr.  Luther  Wagoner,  C.  E., 
of  this  city  found  on  examination  that  with  70 
feet  of  water  above  bedrock  the  dam  leaked  141 
inches  of  water.  This  was  more  than  a  year 
ago.  This  alone  was  enough  to  condemn  the 
work.  Mr,  Wagoner  says  :  **  Labor  was  quite 
unreliable,  perhaps  owing  to  the  presence  of 
saloons  and  gambling-places  and  the  totally  in. 
adequate  provieions  made  for  the  comfort  of  the 
men  by  either  the  company  or  the  contractors. 
This,  coupled  with  the  intense  heat  and  poor 
water  and  food,  did  not  offer  sufficient  Induce- 
ments to  attract  a  sober  and  reliable  olass  of 
workmen,  a  point  too  often  overlooked  in  the 
construction  of  a  large  work," 

Mr.  Wagoner,  who  is  a  member  ef  the  Tech- 
nical Society  of  the  Pacific  Coast,  read  before 
that  society  in  October,  1888,  a  paper  descrip- 
tive of  this  dam.  Before  that  he  had  been 
called  in  by  the  company  to  devise  some  means 
to  improve  the  dam,  whioh  was  leaking  badly. 
He  discovered  many  traces  of  slovenly  work. 
He  found  that  the  filling  with  loose  rock  had 
been  carelessly  done,  while  the  worst  blnnder 
was  the  failure  to  carefully  protect  with  Fort- 
land  cement  the  place  of  joining  the  inside 
sheath  of  wood  to  the  bedrock.  He  warned 
the  company  at  the  time  that  disaster  would  be 
apt  to  follow  unless  there  was  a  radical  change 
of  method,  but  nothing  was  done.  Fart  of  the 
responsibility  of  this  slovenly  work  lies  with 
the  corporation,  which  wished  to  economize 
on  materials,  as  the  freight  rates  were  double 
the  original  price  of  cement  and  other  supplies. 
The  contract  for  the  dam  proper  was  for  46,000 
cubic  yards  lamped  at  $2,40  a  cubic  yard.  The 
skin  and  cementing  was  extra.  Lumber  cost 
about  $15  delivered  at  the  dam,  and  was  out 
at  an  elevation  of  from  6000  to  8000  feet,  on 
the  Bradshaw  mountains,  and  was  of  a  very 
poor  and  knotty  quality.  On  $1000  worth  of 
cement  $2000  freightage  was  paid. 

In  the  paper  before  the  Technical  Society 
above  alluded  to,  Mr.  Wagoner  said  : 

**  The  country  rook  at  the  dam-site  is  a  coarse- 
grained granite  easily  quarried.  The  high  price 
of  good  lumber,  cemenc  and  supplies  determined 
the  cfaoica  of  methods  of  construction. 

"  The  history  of  the  construction  of  this  dam 
is  one  fall  of  blandera,  mainly  caused  bv  the 
officers  of  the  company  in  New  York.  Work 
was  commenced  on  company  account  by  Prof. 
W,  P.  Blake,  who  carried  a  wall  acrcss  the 
canyon  to  bedrock  tbrongh  about  20  feet  of 
sand  and  gravel.  What  his  intentions  were  to 
do  next  is  not  known,  as  no  records  were  made 


Mab.  1,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


154 


TUNNEL 


Fig  I 
PROFILE    OF    THE    WALNUT    GROVE    DAM,    ARIZONA    TER. 


or  kept  by  the  company's  offioera  at  the  dam, 
He  was  encceeded  by  Ool.  E.  N.  Robiaaon  as 
chief  en({iDeer,  and  the  work  was  oootraoted 
for  by  Nafjie  &;  Leonard  of  San  Franolsco.  I 
preaame  the  oross-BeotionB  and  general  mpthode 
of  conBtraotion  were  Bxed  by  Mr,  R.  Uader 
him  the  dam  was  oommenoed  in  the  rear  of  the 
Biake  wall,  and  waa  described  in  the  speoitica- 
tiona  as  being  oompoBed  of  front  aod  back  walls 
14  feet  at  the  base  and  i  feet  at  the  too,  with 
looBe  rock  611ing  between  (aee  Fig.  2).  The 
dam  to  be  made  water-tight  by  a  wooden  akin 
or  sheathing, 

*'Q]arriea  were  opened  by  thecontraotore  apon 
both  baoke  of  the  atream  above  the  top  of  dam. 
'•Coyote  "  holea  from  S  to  15  feet  de'^p  were 
charged  with  low-grade  powder  (4"  nitro- 
glycerine), and  the  atone  dislodged  in  large 
amount.  Tbeae  holea  aaaally  followed  the  in- 
teraectioQ  of  two  fisanrea  at  an  aoate  angle; 
sometimes  a  third  tiaaare  would  oroaa  the 
others,  thna  formini;  a  triaognlar  hole  and 
making  it  eaay  to  remove  by  splitting  the  email 
triangle  of  rook,  Tne  atone  was  loaded  upon 
oars,  having  the  bed  inclined  at  about  15°,  and 
were  lowered  on  the  dam  by  a  balUwheel  and 
brake,  a  three-rall  road  being  laid  on  treatle 
aaroaa  the  dam,  bight  from  10  to  15  feet.  On 
the  slope  midway  was  a  tarnoat  so  aa  to  allow 
the  loaded  cir  to  pass  the  empty  car.  The 
loaded  oar  was  nnbooked  on  the  level  aod  ran 
oat  and  damped  and  returned  above  by  the 
next  loaded  oar.  The  legs  of  the  trestle  were 
left  in  the  wall,  only  the  caps  and  atringers 
were  raised.  Daring  the  first  stages  of  oon- 
atruotioo  derricks  were  naed  to  distribute  the 
larger  stones;  later,  the  center  wag  kept  high 
and  the  stones  for  the  wall  were  moved  by  bare. 
The  effect  of  this  upon  the  atability  of  the  dam 
ia  bad  because  it  tends  to  form  carved  beda 
whoae  slope  makes  an  acnte  angle  with  the  di- 
reotioQ  of  the  resaltant  pressure. 

"The  company  purohased  a  sawmill  and  cat 
the  lumber  for  the  dam,  build- 
ings, etc.,    and   the  akin   was 
pat  on   by    contract.      Cedar 
logs  S  to  10  inches  in  diameter,  jJp 

by  6  feet  long,  were  built  into  ytjAj^ 

the  wall  on  the  upper  face,  ^^^""^^^ 
and  prrj  acted  out  one  foot. 
Vertical  stringera  6"xl0",  of 
native  pine,  were  bolted  to 
the  loge  ;  the  stringers  were  aboat  4  feet  apart; 
at  the  joints  of  the  6x10  stringers  a  cedar  log 
was  built  in  the  wall  about  two  inches  above  the 
top  of  the  stringers,  and  two  4x!k0  splice  pieces 
bolted  throQgh  the  log  and  spiked  to  the  6sl0 
pieces  with  galvauio  bolt  spikes  completed  the 
Joint.  Upon  the  main  wall  of  the  dam  a  doable 
planking  of  three-inch  boards  was  laid,  having 
a  tarred  paper  put  on  with  tacks  between  the 
planka.  The  outer  row  of  planka  was  calked 
with  oakam  and  painted  with  a  heavy  coat  of 
paraffine  paint.  The  junction  of  the  plank 
skin  and  bedrock  waa  aeoured  by  Portland 
oement.     Through  the  dam  is  a  oalvert,  3x4 


feet  inside,  about  the  level  of  the  old  creek 
channel.  This  ia  boarded  with  three>inoh  plank 
inaide,  and  has  a  gate  to  draw  off  the  water  and 
waate  it.  (See  Fig.  1  )  The  water  for  use  is 
taken  into  an  inlet  tower.  (See  valve  tower,  * 
Fig.  2  )  Thia  tower  is  built  of  SxSinch  tim- 
ber, eight  feet  long,  notched  one-half  on  each 
end,  aeoured  by  a  fi?e-eighth8  rod  through  each 
corner,  the  joints  calked  with  oakum  and  the 
outside  painted  with  paraffioe  paint, 

**  There  are  two  inlet  valves,  one  at  the  base  of 
the  tower  aud  one  20  feet  higher.  The  valves 
are  of  wocd,  sliding  upon  wood  ;  area  prosaed 
upon,  about  15  tquare  feet;  a  aix-incb  square 
wooden  stem  runs  up  on  the  onteide  of  the 
tower  and   above   the   platform   on   the  tower 


were  designed  by  an  engineer  and  mnat  work.' 
From  tbe  valve  tower  the  water  ie  conveyed  in 
two  20-inch  iron  pipea  to  the  gate- boose  below 
the  dam,  where  each  pipe  is  provided  with  a 
gate.  The  pipes  go  through  a  tunnel,  part  of 
the  way  through  a  spur,  and  of  rubble,  arched 
the  remainder  of  the  way.  With  70  feet  o' 
water  above  bedrock,  the  d»m  leaked  141 
inchea.  (1.6  cu.  ft.  =  l  inch,)  Various  theories 
were  advanced  for  the  oanse^of  the  leak.  One 
waa,  that  settlement  of  the  dam  had  forced  an 
opening  of  the  junction  of  the  inclined  and 
horizontal  ekins  ;  and  another  was,  that  it 
leaked  all  over  the  whole  Eurface.  The  ex- 
treme riEiht-hand  skin  below  the  bed  of  the 
stream  (Fig.  2)  is  made  of  bat  one  plank.     The 


PIG.    2-CROSS-SEOTION    THROUGH    THE    DAM. 


where  the  mechanism  is  placed  to  open  and 
close  the  valves.  All  thia  gear  is  mounted 
apon  a  massive  iron  bed-plate,  resting  upon  a 
wooden  frame  npon  the  platform.  Oa  both 
ends  of  the  abaft  is  a  crank.  Two  men  coulH 
give  a  pull  on  the  valve.stem  of  about  700 
rounds  with  the  above  described  gear.  With 
30  feet  of  water  presauie  they  could  not  move 
the  valve,  perhaps  for  the  reason  that  the  load 
to  overcome  was  about  11,232  pounda.  The 
machines  (three  of  them)  were  designed  by  one 
of  my  predeceaaors,  and  were  erected  despite  of 
my  advice  that  they  would  not  work.  Tbe 
reason  assigned  for  erecting  them  waa,  "  they 


machinery  for  draining  the  water  waa  inade- 
quate, and  the  men  who  did  the  cementing  to 
bedrock  aaaured  me  that  they  worked  in  four 
feet  of  water,  and  that  they  did  not  go  to  bed* 
rook,  while  per  centra  ^  tbe  sub-contractor 
(Whoop  'em  np,  Jack)  for  tha  work  assured 
me  it  was  well  done.  The  probable  cauae  of 
leakage,  I  believe,  ia  all  three  of  tbe  reaaona 
named, 

**  Ragardiog  the  atability  of  the  tower,  I  think 
the  preasnre  too  groat  upon  the  timbers 
S"  X  S"  X  S'  to  be  safe,  and  of  the  dam  as 
originally  built  during  a  month's  interval,  when 
there   was  no  chief  eogioeer,   some   very  bad 


Via W    OP    THE    WALNUX    GROVE    DAM    AND    LAKE. 


work  waa  done  (see  Fig,  2)  left  side  of  wall, 
nt^ar  middle.  I  ddvieei  the  o>mpaoy  to  out  a 
large  wasteway  and  pot  the  tooie  rock  below 
the  dam  to  strengthen  this  weak  place." 

It  must  be  remembered  that  these  statements 
were  presented  by  an  enplneer  to  an  engineering 
aooiety  in  October,  1SS8.  Another  oivil  en- 
gineer, Mr.  John  M.  Currier,  says  : 

"  Colonel  Robineon  was  always  careful  and 
painstaking,  inaiating  upon  good  work  being 
done.  In  cementing  the  front  or  Blake  wall  a 
amall  dam  nai  built,  then  pumped  dry,  ao  that 
the  men  did  not  work  in  four  feet  of  water. 
The  work  waa  done  by  the  company  ander 
Colonel  Robinson'a  direction  and  peraonal 
supervision.  It  was  a  good  piece  of  work  when 
Soished.  He  then  oidered  a  coffer-dam  sunk 
in  the  rear  of  the  Blake  well  to  bedrock.  Thus 
a  solid  wall  18  feet  wide  was  built  aa  a 
foundation  for  hie  front  wall,  completely 
ignoring  the  Blake  wall,  which  causes  the  off- 
set about  25  feet  from  bedrock  and  near  the 
original  bed  of  the  river. 

"The  great  trouble  waa  that  skilled  diplomats 
were  required  on  that  work  instead  of  skilled 
workmen.  Shortly  after  Colonel  Robineon  left, 
I  severed  mv  connection  with  the  work,  it 
being  impossible  to  exact  good  work,  and  it 
was  of  more  importance  to  fl  >at  bonds  and  sell 
stock  on  Wall  street.  New  York,  than  to  con- 
struct a  substantial  d^m,  aa  I  was  quietly 
uiven  to  underatand  by  Major  Dike,  a  friend  of 
Will  H.  Bites,  the  recident  director,  with 
large  blocks  of  atrck 

"About  May,  1887,  the  work  became  so  die- 
graceful  I  qaietly  determined  to  leave.  At  this 
time  I  waa  eupeiintendeot  of  oonstruotion,  ap- 
pointed by  tbe  contractor  and  approved  by  the 
Board  of  Directors  in  New  York.  I  had  reason 
to  believe  the  lower  wall  was  bulging,  and  a 
line  was  p'aced  in  such  a  manner  as  to  deter- 
mine the  (act,  and  it  did  eetabtiah  that  fact. 

"I  will  state  that  the  dam,  as  completed,  was 
not  according  to  Colonel  Rjblnson'a  plana,  bay* 
ing  been  changed  after. he  left  the  work.  His 
plans  for  waatewaya  were  not  carried  out  by 
any  meane,  and  had  he  been  properly  austained 
by  the  company  and  allowed  to  oonatruct  the 
dam  according  to  hie  plana,  it  would  have  been 
a  standing  monument  to  hia  memory  for  ages  to 
come.  The  base  waa  about  130  feet  at  bed- 
rock, while  the  Bowman  dam  in  California  has 
about  the  aame  baae  for  100  feet  in  bight,  con- 
struoted  upon  almost  the  same  plan,  but  little 
proper  waste  facilities.  It  has  stood  for  more 
than  20  years — of  course  care  being  taken  to 
prevent  an  oveifliw  by  providing  waateways 
away  from  the  atruoture,  and  ooustaut  watch- 
ing by  competent  and  reliable  men." 

From  the  testimony  thus  far  available,  it 
seems  that  there  waa  more  specnlation  in  etock 
than  honest  work  in  building  a  good  dam.  The 
rich  placers  were  by  no  means  as  rich  aa  repre- 
sented. The  company  was  told  by  competent 
men  that  the  dam  was  not  substantial.  Thoae 
engineers  who  honestly  tried  to  have  good 
work  performed  were  only  kept  a  short  time 
and  left  in  disgust.  Both  Col.  E:>binBOo  and 
Mr.  Wagoner  auooeasively  tried  to  have  defects 
remedied,  and  when  tbe  comnany  ignored  their 
advice,  they  quit  the  work.  Tcia  was  also  prob- 
ably the  case  with  Prof.  Blakp;  and  Mr.  Currier 
saya  it  waa  his  position.  Tbe  company  waa 
stocked  way  up  into  the  millions,  but  they  did 
not  spend  money  enough  on  tbe  engineering  feat- 
ures. We  have  dozens  of  these  big  storage- 
dams  in  Oalifornia,  built  by  competent  men, 
and  they  have  stood  for  yeais.  Bat  they  were 
built  of  suitable  material  in  a  proper  .manner, 
and  are  cared  for.  If  storage  reservoirs  are  to 
be  built  all  over  tbe  country  in  the  improve- 
ment of  arid  lands,  it  behooves  people  who 
live  and  have  property  below  enohdams  to  have 
an  eye  on  the  men  who  inaugurate  and  have 
charge  of  the  work  of  construction. 

No  investigation  has  yet  been  made,  though 
latest  reports  would  indioate  that  the  water 
oveiflowed  the  dam,  cut  out  its  foot,  and  de- 
stroyed it,  the  wasteway  not  being  sufficiently 


More  Favorable  Legislation  for  Silver. 

The  Senate  Finance  Committee's  Silver  bill 
is  short  but  to  tbe  point.  While  admit- 
ting the  latter,  yet  we  must  say  that  it 
does  not  go  far  enough,  for  there  should  be  em- 
braced a  section  calling  for  free  coinage  at 
some  time  in  tbe  future,  or,  failing  in  this,  then 
silver  and  gold  should  be  placed  on  the  same 
footing.  If  there  is  not  to  be  free  coinage  for 
silver,  then  there  should  not  be  for  gold.  If 
there  ia  to  be  a  certain  sum  expended  monthly 
in  the  purchase  of  eilver,  the  aame  limitation 
should  also  be  applied  to  the  parchasing  of 
gold.  What  is  sauce  for  the  goo^e  is  sauce  for 
the  gander.  This  has  been  the  position  of  the 
Mining  and  Scientific  Press  from  the  dis- 
cuaeion  of  the  silver  queation,  and  thia  paper 
waa  among  the  first  to  take  atrong  grounds  in 
favor  of  remonetiziog  eilver.  In  aupport  of 
our  position  we  published  a  strong  array  of 
facts  and  figures,  the  moet  of  which  have  been 
used  with  good  effect  by  othera  at  the  Kaat, 
One  of  the  most  telling  speeches  upon  the  eub- 
ject,  and  which  we  enlarged  on  in  one  of  onr  bi- 
metal articles,  ia  that  of  Senator  Mitchell  of  Ore- 
goo,  delivered  lately  in  the  United  States  Senate, 
He  takes  strong  grounds  that  other  intereata 
beeidea  that  of  mining  are  endang>:red  by  fur- 
ther Ifgislation  agaiobt  silver,  one  of  whioh 
is  that  of  farming;  and  aa  this  industry  is  the 
fountain  of  prosperity,  he  demanded  for  tb« 
farmera  the  remonetizing  of  silver, 


154 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Mar    1,  1890 


AMALCAMATIWC  MACHINERY. 

stamp  Mills  for  Wet  or  Dry  Crushing. 
Huntington  Centrifugal  Quartz  Mill.  Drying 
Cylinders.  Amalgamating  Pans,  Settlers, 
Agitators  and  Concentrators.  Retorts,  Bul- 
lion and  Ingot  Moulds,  Conveyors,  Elevators, 
Bruckners  and  Howell's  Improved  Wliite's 
Roasting  Furnaces,  Etc. 


FRASER  &  CHALMERS, 

MINING  MACHINERY 


CONCENTRATING  MACHINERY. 

Blake,  Dodge  and  Comet  Crushers,  Cornish 
Crushing  and  Finishing  Rolls,  Hartz  Plunger 
and  Collom  Jigs.  Frue  Vanner  &  Embrey 
Concentrators,  Evans',  Calumet,  Collom's 
and  Rittenger's  Slime  Tables.  Trommels, 
Wire  Cloth  and  Punched  Plates.  Ore  Sam- 
ple  Grinders  and  Heberle  Mills. 


iiyiPRoyED  CORLISS  v^L''v°E%S!^fM  ENGINES.     ^     BOILERS 

Hoisting  Engines, 
Safety  Cages, 

Safety  Hool(S, 

Ore  CARS,  Water&Ore 
BDCKETS, 

Air  Compressors, 

Rock  Drills,  Etc. 

GENERAL  MILL  AND 
MINING  SUPPLIES,  ETC. 
Sectional  Machinery 

FOR 

\IULE-BACK 

TRANSPORTATION. 


HORIZONTAL,    VERTICAL 
.  .  .  AND  SECTIONAI 


Pumping  Engines 

and  Cornish 

Pumping  Machinery, 

IMPROVED 
WATER    JACKET 


Blast  Furnaces  for 
Calena&  Copper  Ores, 

SLAG  CARS  AND  POTS, 

Roots  &  Baker 
Pressure  Blowers, 

SUSPENDED 

TRAMWAYS. 


General  Offices  and  Works:     FULTON  AND   UNION   STS.,  CHICAGO,   iLL. 


nPftlinil    (lEEIOFC'    NEW  YORK,  Room  43,  No.  2  Wall  St.        DENVER,  COLO.,   13  16  Elghteentti  St.       SALT  LAKE   CITY,  UTAH, 
Pnwnun    UrrmCO.        7  w,  second  South   St.       LONOON,  ENC,  23  BucUlersbury,  E.   C.       CHIHUAHUA   CITY,    MEXICO,  No.  I  I 
Calie  de  Juarez.        LIMA,  PERU,  South  America.        JOHANNESBURG,  TRANSVAAL,  South  Africa. 

SOLB    WESTERN    AQBNTS    FOR    TYLER    WIBB    ■WORKS    DOUBLE    ORIMPBD    MINING    CLOTHS. 


TSE     FELTON     WATER     WHEEL 

GIVES    THE    HIGHEST    EFFICIENCY    OF    ANY    WHEEL    IN     THE    WORLD. 


OVER  800  ALREADY  IN  USE. 

Affords  the  Most  Simple  and  Reliable  Power  for  all 

Mining  and  Manufaotaring   Machinery. 
Adapted  to  heads  running  from  20  up  to  2,000  feet. 
From  12  to  20  per  cent  better  results  guaranteed  than 

can  be  produced  from  any  other  Wheel  in  the  Country. 

ELECTRIC  TRANSMISSION. 

Power  rom  these  Wheels  can  be  transmitted  long 
distances  with  small  Iobs,  and  is  now  extensively  used  in 
all  parts  of  the  country  for  generating  both  power  and 
light. 

APPLICATIONS 

Should  state  amount,  and  head  of  water,  power  required, 
and  for  what  purpose  ;  with  approximate  length  of  pipe ; 
also,  whether  the  application  is  with  reference  to  Wheeh 
or  Motors  described  below.     SEND  FOR  CIRCULARS. 

The  Pelton  Water  Wheel  Co. 

121  UAIN  ST.,  SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 


E5ILiT?On>J      "VlT-A^TESn.      IXX. 


Varying  from  the  fraction  of  1  up  to  15  and  20-horse  power,     Uneqnaled  for   all   light-running  machinery.     Warranted  to  develop  a  given 
amount  of  power  with  one-half  the  water  required  by  any  other.     flS"  SEND  FOR  MOTOR  CIRCULAR.    ADDRESS  AS  ABOVE. -SJi 


JAMBS    LBFFBL'S 

Mining  Turbine  Water  Wheel. 

These  Wheels  »re  designed  for  all  purposes  where  limited  quantities  of  water  and 
high  heads  are  utilized,  and  are  guaranteed  to  give  more  power  with  less  water  than 
any  other  wheel  made.  Being  placed  on  horizontal  shaft,  the  power  is  transmitted 
direct  to  shafting  by  belts,  dispensing  with  gearing. 

Estimates  furnished  on  application  for  wheels  specially  built  and  adapted  in 
capacity  to  suit  uiy  particular  case. 

farther  information  can  be  obtained  of  this  form  of  construction,  as  well  as  the 
ordinary  Vertical  Turbines  for  Wooden  Penstocks  and  in  Iron  Globe  Cases,  free  of  cost, 
by  applying  to  the  manufacturers. 


JAMES 
Springfield,  Oliio, 


LEFFEL    &    OO., 

or  110  Liberty  St.,  New  York. 


FBASBR    as    CHALMERS,  General  Agents, 

Chlcaso,  111.,  and  Denver,  CoL 

PABKE    St   LACT,  General  Agents,  San  Francisco,  CaL 


CALIFORNIA   IRON  YARD. 

HENRY  J.  ROGERS  &  OO. 

Successors  to  CHA3.  CALLAHAN 

UIPORTBRS  AND  DEALBBB  IK 

CAST  and  WROUGHT  IRON  SCRAP 

SECOND-HAND     BOIL.ERS 

AND  OLD  UACHINERX 

0(  every  desorlptlon. 

Tie  ffiglest  Price  jail  for  all  idMs  ol  Metals, 

Offiob  akd  Takd:    128  and  130  Folabm  St,,  S.  F 
Telephone  No.  67. 


FOR  SALE 

Hydraulic  Mining  Property  In  Souxbem  Oregon.   Good, 
Extensive.    For  particulars  (Principals  only)  address, 

"A,  M,,"   Box  77, 

Qrants  Pass,  Oregon. 


THOMAS  PRICE  &  SON, 

Assay  OflBce,  Chemical  Laboratory, 

BULLION  ROOMS  and  ORE  FLOORS, 

524  Sacramento  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

COIN  RETURNS  ON  ALL  BULLION  DEPOSITS  IN  24  HOURS. 

WORKING    TESTS    OF    ORES    BY    ALL    PROCESSES. 

SPECIAL  ATTENTION  PAID  TO  CONCENTRATION  OF  ORES. 
Ores  Received  on  Oonsignment,  Sampled,  Assayed,  and  Disposed 
of  In  tbe  Open  Market  to  the  Higbest  Bidder. 


ffletalllifgy  apd  Oreg. 

SELBY 

SMELTING  and  LEAD  CO., 

416  Uontgomery  St.,  San  Francisco. 

GOLD    AND    SILVER    REFINERY 
And  Assay  Office. 

Highest  Prices  Paid  for  Gold,  Silver  and 
Lead  Ores  and  Snlphorets. 

«- .MANnFAOr0HBBJB  0F.».. 

BLUESTONE, 

LEAD  PIPE, 

SHEET  LEAD, 

SHOT,  Etc.,  Etc. 

aijBO  mamofaoturkrs  of 

Standard    Shot-Gun    Cartridges, 

.Under  Chamberlin  Patent 


JOHN  TAYLOR  &  CO.. 

IHPORTSRS  AND  DBALBR6  IN 

ASSAYERS'    MATERIALS,     MINE 
AND  MILL  SUPPLIES, 

ALSO  CHEMICALS,   AND    PHYSICAL,  SCHOOL    AND 

CHEMICAL  APPARATUS. 
63  &  65  First  St.,  cor.  IVlisaion^Saii  Francisco. 
Ay.-^      We  would  call  the  attention  of 


A^sayers,  Chemists,  Mining:  Com- 
panies, Milling  Companies,  Pros- 
peotora,  eto. ,  to  our  full  stock  of  _ 

Balances,  Furnaces,  Muffles,  Crucibles,  Soori- 
flers,  etc,  inoluding,  also,  a  full  Btock  of 
Chemicals. 

Having  been  engaged  In  furnishing  these  sup- 
plies sinot  the  first  discovery  of  mines  on  the 
Paclflo  Coast,  we  feel  confident  from  our  experi- 
ence we  can  well  suit  tbe  demand  for  Uiese 
goods,  both  as  to  quality  and  price. 

Agents  for  tbe  Morgan  Craclble  Co., 
Battersea,  England.  Also  for  E.  O.  Dennis- 
ton's  Silver  Plated  Amalgam  Plates.  Tbe  plates 
of  this  well-known  manufacturer  are  thoroughly  relia- 
ble, and  full  weight  of  Silver  guaranteed.  Ordcis  taken 
at  bis  lowest  prices.  Our  Illustrated  Catalogue  and  As 
say  Tables  sent  free  on  application. 

JOHN  TAYLOR  A  OO. 


Nevada  Metallurgical  Works. 

NO.  23  STEVENSON  STREET, 

Kear  First  and  Market  Streets,  S.  F. 

0.  A.  LnoKHARST,  Manager.  EIstablisbbd  1800 

Ores  worked  by  any  FrooesB, 
Ores  Sampled. 

Assaying  in  all  its  Branches. 
Analyses  of  Ores,  Minerals,  Waters,  eto. 
Working  Tests  (practical)  Made. 
Flans  and   Specifications  furnished   for  the 
most  suitable  Process  for  Working  Ores. 

Special  attention  paid    to  Examinations   of 
Mines;  Plans  and  Reports  furnished. 

O.   A.  LUOKHARDT  A  CO., 
(Formerly  Hubn  &  Luckbardt, 
Mlnlmc  Enslneers  and  Metallurfflsts. 


GREAT    REDUCTION! 
BATTER  Y~SOREENS. 

Best  and  Cheapest  In  America. 

No  imitation,  no  deception,  no  planished  or  rotten 
Iron  used.  Only  genuine  Russia  iron  in  Quartz  Screens. 
Planished  iron  screens  at  nearly  half  my  former  rates. 

I  ha\e  a  large  supply  of  Battery  Screens  on  hand 
suitable  tor  the  Huntington  and  all  Stamp  Mills,  which  I 
will  sell  at  20  per  cent  discount. 


PERFORATED  SHEET  METAL 

For  Flour  and  Rice  Mills,  Grain  Separators,  Revolving  I 
and  Shot  Screens,  Stamp  Batteries  and  all  kinds  of  Mlo  1 
Ing  and  Milling  Machinery,  Iron,  Steel,  Copper,  Brass,  i 
Zinc  and  other  metals  punched  for  all  uses.  I 

Inventor  and  Manufacturer  of  tbe  celebrated  Slot  Cul^ 
or  burred  and  Slot  Punched  Screens. 

Mining  Screens  a  specialty,  from  So.  1  to  15  (finej. 
Orders  promptly  attended  to. 

San  Francisco  Pioneer  Screen  Works, 

291  &  SS3  First  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.  | 

JOHN  TT.  QUICK,  Proprietor. 


WINCHESTER  HOUSE. 


44  Third  Street, 


San  Francisco,  CaL ; 


This  Fireproof  Brick  Building  is  centrally  located,  in 
tbe  healthicBt  part  of  the  city,  only  a  half  block  from  the 
Grand  and  Palace  Hotels,  and  close  to  all  Steamboat  and  j 
Railroad  Offices. 

Laundry  Frea  for  the  use  of  Families. 


HOT  AND  COI/D  BATHS  FREE. 


Terms,  Board  and  Room,  $1.00  per  Day^ 

And  Upward. 

Rooms  with  or  without  Board. 

Free  Coach  to  the  HooM, 
«r.  x>c3oxix:'S'. 


Mar.  1,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


155 


BfiPiluliBJfScalfillesolffiiil 

^ThisR^iolventlS  NOT  AN  EXPERIMENT  but  »  FACT,  mod  it  will  do  the  work 
oldimedforit  at  a  LESS  EXPENSE  ttun  any  other  boiler  porge,  AND  IN  NO  MANNER 
INJURE    THE    IRON. 

CAR}m>iB  Brotiirkb  &  Co.,  pROi'RnrrOKa  or  Edoar  Tuohson  8tbbl  Worrb,  ) 
PiTTMBURun,  Pa.     Woskb  at  Brai'UOlk,  Oct.  *,  lSb7.      ) 

We  uga  tbe  Pittaburf;)!  "  Boiler  Scklu  Keaolvent,"  aod  RFC  well  mitixliud  with  tlie  reaulta  obtained.  We  have 
tested  iiMul>  idl  Compouadfl  prcHeoted  to  UH,  and  thifl  one  Is  the  ouly  good  thins  *«  have  ever  Qtied. 
Our  feed-water  Is  heated  in  Bvrrymati  lloateis,  but  owing  to  dUtanoo  of  heatent  from  boUen,  we  larely  exceed  150 
degiece  of  heat  to  feed-water. 

Our  water  Is  of  the  worst  character,  containing  such  bad  Impurltlea  lu  aulphate  of  lliu«,  oarbonate  of 
lime,  mud,  and  everything  that  Is  bad.  Very  truly  yours,  WU.  B.  JONES,  Qeu.  Supt. 

No  water  in  the  United  States  prodnoes  aoale  in  greater  quantity  or  of  a  harder  natare  than 
the  Moaongahela  River,  contoininK  SULPHATE  and  CARBONATE  of  lime,  iron,  MAGNESIA, 
SILICATE,  SULPflUH,  ALUMINUM,  eto.  The  foUowing  well-known  manu  factor  era,  who 
are  large  steam  nsers  IN  PITTSBURGH,  and  using  the  water  from  said  river  as  boiler-feed  for 
all  their  boilers,  USE  THIS  RESOLVENT  in  their  steam  plant,  and  to  whom  reference  is  hereby 
made:  Carnegie  Brothers  &  Co.,  Proprietors  of  the  Edgar  Thomson  Steel  Works;  Dilwortb, 
Porter  &  Co. 's  Spike  Works;  and  Oliver  and  Robert's  Wire  Co. ;  and  many  other  Srms  in  the 
great  manafactnring  center  WHERE  THE  RESOLVENT  IS  MADE.  Reference  is  also  given 
to  Robert  MoMahon,  Boiler  Inspector  for  Alleghany  Oo.,  Penn.,  and  to  the  following  Railway 
Companies  who  use  it  on  their  locomotives:  Kansas  City,  Fort  Scott  &  Gulf  Railroad;  Central 
Iowa;  Mexican  Central;  Delaware,  Liokawanna&  Western;  Burlington,  Cedar  KipidB&  Northern, 
Terre  Haute  &  Indianapolis;  Mexican   National;  and  Denver  &  Rio  Grande  Western. 

Upon  receipt  of  order,  WITH  THE  PROMISE  OF  FAITHFULLY  CARRYING  OUT 
THE  PRINTED  DIRECTIONS,  we  will  furnish,  FOR  FIRST  INTRODUCTION,  a  Barrel, 
or  Half  Barrel,  of  the  Resolvent,  and  the  invoice  will  bear  the  following  stamp: 


1 


TO  BE  PAID  FOR  WHEN  RESOLVENT  \ 
PROVES  ENTIRELY  SATISFACTORY,  j 


FOR  SALE  ONLY  BY 


TATUM    &    BOWEN, 

Sole  Agents  for  the  Pacific  Coast, 

Dealers    in    Improved    Wood-Working    Machinery, 

Saw  Mill  MacUDery,  Engines,  Boilers,  Iroi-WorMiig  MacllnerF,  Supplies,  Etc,, 

Sole  Agents  for  Hoe  Ohisel-Tooth  Saw,  Gardner  Governor, 
Schultz  Leather  Belting,  Etc. ,  Etc. 

34  &  36  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco.        85  Front  St.,  Portland,  Or. 

S3rlt  in  want  of  Maohinery  of  any  deBoription,  write  ns  for  Deaoriptiva  Ciroolara  and  Prices, 


1880.  X888. 

CATALOGUE    OF    200    PAGES. 


The  matter  Is  readily 
a,\ai\a,)ile. —Tradesman. 

A  Complete  Work. — 
Culliery  Engineer. 

Handyfor  reference. — 
hin.  and  Sci.  Press. 

Should  be  ID  the  hands 
of  every  Engineer  and 
Contrttct'T.—  Eng.  and 
if  in.  Journal. 

A  valuable  addition  to 
the  literature  on  the 
hubject.— JSn^;.  and  B'l'g 
Record. 


A  TKE&TISE  AND  HANDBOOK  ON 

ROCK  DRILLING 

AIR  COMPRESSING 

Mailed  Free. 


3Xri3      33RI 

23  Park  Place,  New  York, 


In  reality  a  hand- 
book.— Am.  Man'facfr. 

SuppHefl  a  long  felt 
wdnt.—Man'fTs'  Becord. 

This  Catalogue  is  one 
of  unusual  interest  and 
value,— ii.  B.  Gazette. 

This  is  a  thoroughly 
^ood  publication. — En- 
gineering  News. 

The  ufleful  information 
will  be  found  specially 
valuable.  —  Eng.  and 
B'l'g  Record 

00-, 


LIDGERWOOD  M'F'G  CO, 


MANUFACTURERS     OP 


HOISTING  ENGINES 

300  StF'.es  aiiJ  Sizes.  Over  6000  in  Use. 


96  Liberty  St,  New 
York. 


84  &  86  West  Monroe 
St.,  Chicago. 


107  to  203  Congress  St, 
Boston. 


PARKE  &  UCT  CO,, 

Agents, 
San  Francisco,  Cal. 
Send  for  Catalogae. 


ESTABIilSHBD    1866. 


Pacific  Chemical  Works. 

HENRY    G.    HANKS, 

Practical  and  Industrial  Chemist,  Assayer 
and  Geologist, 


718  MONTGOMERY  ST., 


SAN  FRANCISCO 


IVWill  report  on  the  condition  and  veJuo  of  any  mining;  property  on 
the  Paoiflc  Coast.    Bare  Chemioala  made  to  order,    InstrutitloDB  given  ' 
A0MylDg  and  ProQtloal  Cbemlstry. 


FRISBEE  WET  MILL. 

This  Mill,  with  a  weight  of  less  than  9000  pounds, 

has  a  capacity  of  three  tons  per  hour  of  hard 

quartz  to  40  mesh ;  has  been  thoroughly 

tested ;  we  guarantee  its  work  as 

represented,  and  we  will  give 

long  time    trial. 


IT    HAS  NO  MORE  WEARING  PARTS  THAN  CORNISH  ROLLS 

And  renewals  will  not  cost  over  one-half  as  much  as  for  stamps.  Will  run  empty,  ax  with  small 
amoant  of  ore  without  injury.  The  attention  of  parties  having  Cement  Gravel  is  called  to  this 
Mill,  as  it  will  run  100  tons  per  day  to  No.  8  meah;  30  to  35  H.  P. 

OUR  DRY  MILLS  are  the  most  economioal  ever  built,  and   are  extensively  used  with 
record  of  several  years.     No  grinding  in  Dans,     Mill  finishes  to  any  fineness  desired. 

FRISBEE-LUCOP  MILL  COMPANY. 

GIDEON  FRISBEE,  Manager,        -        -       59  &  6 1  First  Street,  San  Francisco 
HOOKER  &  LAWRENCE.  Gen'l  Ao'it.  145  Broadway.  New  York. 


BY     USING  

WATER  POWER  TRANSMITTED  BY  ELECTRICITY 

To  Run  your    Mills,   Hoists   and   Trams. 

For  Circular  giving  particulars  send  to 

KEITH     ELECTRIC    CO., 

—  MANUFAC3TUKEBS   OF  — 

Apparatus  for  Electric  Light  and  Electric  Power, 

OFFICE,  40  NEVADA  BLOCK, 

Factory,  Stevenson  St.,  bet.  First  and  Ecker,  SAN  FEANCISGO,  CAL 


SAN  FRANCISCO  TOOL  CO, 

mANOFAOTUBEBS    OF 

IRRIGATING  PUMPS 

AND 

Machinery  of  all   Kinds. 

PAOIPIC  COAST  AGENTS 

BABOOOK    &    WILOOX 

Patent  Water  Tube  Steam  Boilers. 

£!atlmates  Fnrnlsb.ed  on  AppllcatioD. 


''Send  for  Oataloguea. 


OBXTBIFUOAI.    FUiUF. 


FIRST  and  STEVENSON  STS..  S,  F, 


156 


Mining  and  Scibntific  Press, 


[Mar.  1,  1890 


EQaf^ket  ^epof^ts. 


Local  Markets. 

San  Francisco,  Feb.  27,  1890. 
General  tratie  is  again  on  the  increase,  called  into 
life  by  clear  skies  and  early  prospects,  without  rains 
in  the  interim,  of  good  roads.  Machine-shops,  iron 
foundries  and  other  manufactories  begin  to  show- 
more  activity.  Several  report  more  orders  on  hand, 
with  a  larger  number  in  abeyance  than  at  this  tinae 
in  18S9.  The  large  supply  of  water  in  the  mount- 
ain ranges  will  give  renewed  life  to  mining  industry, 
-  while  the  bridge:^  and  other  improvements  in  various 
parts  of  the  State  destroyed  by  high  water  will  call 
for  more  ironwork  in  their  reconstruction.  The 
present  outlook  was  never  before  so  promising  for 
a  year  of  general  prosperity. 

In  the  money  market  our  advices  from  all  leading 
centers  in  this  State  are  of  the  same  tenor  as  pre- 
vail in  this  city,  viz, :  growing  ease  and  less  fear  en- 
tertained by  capitalists  of  losses,  if  they  put  uut 
their  funds.  With  confidence,  money  always  be- 
comes easy. 

MEXICAN  DOLLARS— The  market  has  con- 
tinued dull  but  fairly  steady  at  from  75%®-}^  cis. 
SILVER — The  market  continues  strong  through- 
out the  week  at  the  decline  reported  in  our  last 
issue,  with,  at  the  close,  a  hardening  tendency.  The 
action  of  the  Congressional  Committee,  having  the 
silver  bill  in  charge,  in  reportmg  a  compromise 
bill  placing  silver  and  gold  on  the  same  footmg,  has 
no  doubt  done  much  in  promoting  a  more  healthy 
market  for  silver.  It  now  looks  as  if  silver  legisla- 
tion will  be  among  the  first.  When  the  Committee 
bill  comes  up  for  debate,  then  a  far  better  idea  can 
be  formed  ol  what  to  expect  from  the  present  Con- 
gress. Exporters  are  stll  out  of  the  market,  but 
notwithstanding  this,  the  Mint  has  considerable 
difficulty  in  getting  silver,  even  by  paying  an  ad- 
vance on  the  Eastern  and  European  parity. 

Silver  in  this  market  has  been  kept  steady  at 
95^  cents  under  mint  purchases,  although  at  the 
cluse  other  buyers  are  more  bullish,  owing  to  Lon- 
don cables  coming  through  to-day  at  44d,  and  New 
York  at  9=;^  cents.  The  local  mint  bought  since 
last  Thursday  166  000  ounces  at  gs%  cents. 

QUICKSILVER— Receipts  the  past  week  aggre- 
gate 227  flisks,  and  exports  by  sea  137  flasks. 
Those  in  position  to  know  are  confident  of  a  very 
large  home  consumption,  mucb  larger  than  for  sev- 
eral years  past. 

ANTIMONY- The  supply  continues  light.  Re- 
liable advice*  report  that  the  old  sources  of  supply, 
particularly  Japan  and  Borneo,  are  being  exhausted. 
This  naturally  will  cause  high  prices  until  new  dis- 
tricts are  developed. 

BORAX — Receipts  the  past  week  were  nil.  The 
exports  by  sea  were  as  follows:  To  Victoria,  B.  C, 
100  lbs. ;  New  York,  559,426  lbs.;  and  Guaymas, 
1092  lbs.  The  market  isvery  firm  under  acontmued 
strong  market  at  the  East. 

LIME— Receipts  the  past  week  aggregate  2833 
bbls.,  and  exports  by  sea,  450  bbls.  to  Honolulu. 
The  home  consumptive  demand  is  steadily  increas- 
ing, notwithstandmg  interferences  by  storms. 

LEAD — The  market  is  lairly  firm.  The  inquiry 
is  reported  to  be  mcreasing.  At  the  East,  our  mail 
advices  indicate  the  market  favorable  to  a  large  in- 
creased con-.umption. 

COPPER— The  market  is  essentially  unchanged. 
Owing  to  interruptions  to  the  mails  by  snowstorms, 
we  are  not  in  receipt  of  our  usually  late  advices  re- 
garding the  Eastern  and  European  markets,  but  the 
latest  received  indicated  a  strong  tone,  and  the  out- 
look favorable  to  a  higher  range  of  values  under  a 
good  demand. 

IRON — We  Lave  added  another  brand  to  our 
list.  The  market  is  unchanged.  Importers,  as  far 
as  we  can  learn,  are  more  hopeful  of  a  free  con- 
sumptive demand,  which,  if  realized,  would  soon  ab- 
sorb outside  supplies  and  force  foundrymen  and 
others  in  the  market  as  buyers,  that  is,  instead  of 
holders  looking  up  buyers,  the  latter  would  have  to 
look  up  sellers. 

TIN — Both  spot  and  to  arrive  are  dull  and  in 
buyers'  favor.  Consumers  are  well  supplied,  and 
until  they  see  further  ahead  they  are  only  tempted 
by  concessions  to  anticipate  any  probable  wants. 

COAL— Imports  the  past  week  aggregate  as  fol- 
ows:  From  Departure  bay,  5750  tons;  Tacoma, 
6432;  Newcastle,  N.  S.  W.,  4886;  Seattle,  7410; 
Coos  Bay,  i960;  New  York,  76;  Overland,  20.  To- 
tal, 26  534  tons.  The  large  receipts  of  Coast  are 
against  any  advance,  while  an  easier  tone  to  the 
Australian  freight  is  favorable  to  later  on  shipments 
from  there.  A  new  brand  of  Wellington  coal  has 
been  put  on  the  market,  and  so  far  as  we  can  learn, 
gives  good  satisfaction.  Cold  weather  and  clear 
skies  have  stimulated  the  consumption  of  all  kinds, 
but  this  has  no  effect  on  prices,  and  is  not  likely  to 
unless  there  is  a  strike  or  else  a  serious  accident  in 
one  or  more  of  the  leading  coast  mines.  With 
longer  days,  the  gas  companies  consume  less  coal, 
but  then  this  is  more  than  offset  by  a  large  in- 
crease in  the  consumption  of  steam  coal. 

Eastern  Metal  Markets. 

By  TelegraDb. 

New  York,  Feb.   26,    1890. — The  following  are 
the  closing  prices  the  past  week: 
Silver  in    Silver  in 

London.  New  York.  Copper.      Lead.        Tin. 
Thursday.... 43J  35i  S14  50       S3  80       S20  40 

Friday 433  95  14  45         3  82j       20  55 

Saturday ...  

MomSay 43  13-16     95i  14  45         3  85  SO  65 

Tuesday 44  13-16      95^  14  50         3  85         20  70 

Wedneaday..43J  9o|  14  50         3  87i       20  65 

Borax— Light  supply;  very  firm  at  9@9Hc  for 
California  rtfined.  Copper  is  quiet;  i4Jic  bid  for 
Lake  here,  and  Philadelphia,  which  is  below  mining 
companies'  views  (sales  are  made  higher).  Wire 
bars,  i45-8@i4-%c;  casting  brands,  I25^c.  Pig  lead, 
nominally,  at  $3. 82 K  ©3-87  J^- 

Dropped  From  tkk  List  — The  foUowiniE; 
mioiDg  oumoaniffi  haTd  beea  dropped  from  the 
list  of  the  San  Francisco  S  book  Biard  for  the 
noQ-paymeat  of  the  aaoual  dues:  Phil  Sheri 
dan,  Tfi'iio,  North  BoniQZi,  Mt.  Cory,  E.ko 
Con.,  Paradise  Valley,  Lapauta,  Navajo 
Queen,  Goodahaw  and  Booker, 


San  Francisco  Metal  Market. 


WHOLEBAI.S. 

Thubsdat,  February  27, 1890. 
LUTIMONY — 25  C 


7(@ 


}  @      25 


23  ( 
17  @ 


25 


BoEAX— Eefinod,  in  carload  lota 
Powdered  "         "        "    ... 

Concenbrated       "  "        "... 

All  grades  jobbing  at  an  advance. 
Copper— 

Bolt 

Sbe&thing 

Ingot,  jobbing 

do,  wholesale .  „ 15  @ 

Fire  Box  Sheeta 
Lead— Pig 41®      — 

Bar 5@      — 

Sheet 7  @     — 

Pipe 6  @      ~ 

Shot,  diacoimt  10%  on  500  bags     Drop,  ^  bag.  1  45  W      — 

Buck.^bag 1  65  @     — 

Obilled.  do 1  85  @     — 

TiNPLATE— B.  v.,  steel  grade,  14x20,  to  arrive.  4  8Q  Ca  4  85 

E.  Y.,  steel  grade,  ]4j2a,  spot 4  70  @  4  75 

Charcoal,  14x20 6  75  f.ob  7  00 

do  roofing,  14x20 6  00  @     — 

do,  do,  20x28 12  00  @      — 

Pig  tin,  apot,  ^  & 22  @      — 

Coke    Eng.,  ton,  spot,  m  blk 13  50  WI5  00 

Do,  do,  to  load 14  5Q  @15  50 

Q  criOKSiLvaR— By  the  flaak 5000coo 

Flasks,  new " 

Flaaka,  old    

Chrome  Iron  Ore,  ^  ton , 

If.on— Ear,  base 

Norway,  base 

Spot. 
Iron— Glengarnock  ton 35  00  @ 

EgUnton,  ton 35  00  @ 

American  Soft,  No,  1,  ton.. @35  00 

Oregon  Pig.  ton @35  00 

Puget  Sound 35  00  @ 

Clay  Lane  White <a2    00 

ShottB,  No.  1 ,35  00  (o35  00 

Bar  Iron  (base  price)  ^  ft). . .      —  @      — 

Langloan  35  00  @ 

Tbornoliffe 35  00  @ 

Gartsherrie 35  00  @ 

Barrow 35  00  @ 


Coal. 


Australian  . . . 
Liverpool  St'nj 
Scotch  Splint. 


TO  LOAl'^. 

Per  Ton. I  Per  Ton. 

7  50  @  7  75lLehighLump..  16  50@17  00 

8  BO  @ Cumberland  bk  16  00@ 

9  00  @  9  00  Egg,  hard 16  50@ 


Cardiff 9  50@10  00| 

SPOT  from  yard. 

Seattle 7  00 

Cooa  Bay 6  00 


Wellington g  9  00 

Greta     S  00 

Westminster  Brymbo.     9  00 

Nanaimo 9  00 

Sydney 8  00 

GLlman 7  00 


Cannel 12  08 

Egg,  hard 18  00 

Cumberland,  In  sacks  15  OO 
do.  bulk 14  00 


Mining  Share  Market. 

The  mining  share  market  the  past  week  exhibited 
a  fair  degree  of  activity  in  the  Comstocks  and  Tus- 
caroras,  with  an  attempt  made  to  galvanize  the 
Bodies  into  life.  The  Comstocks  declined  on  last 
Friday  and  Saturday,  but  on  Monday,  under  a  sud- 
den jump  in  Crown  Point,  there  was  morp  strength, 
which  was  soon  exhausted  only  to  be  revived  by  an 
upheaval  in  Con.  Imperial,  with  more  activity  in 
Yellow  Jacket.  This  was  also  short-lived.  After 
each  shading  off,  Ophir,  Mexican  and  other  North 
End  stocks  went  to  still  lower  figures.  The  presid- 
ing genius  of  the  stock  department  of  an  evening 
paper  claims  the  credit  of  Spring-iog  on  the  unter- 
rified  public  enough  bear  information  to  cause  even 
a  confirmed  "bull"  to  attempt  the  feat  of  diving 
down  so  as  to  get  to  the  bottom  and  keep  it  from 
dropping  out.  The  condition  of  most  of  the  Corn- 
stock  mines,  even  on  present  showing,  warrants 
higher  prices  for  the  stock  than  some  command, 
while  others,  again,  selHoo  high.  This  is  probably 
due  to  the  latter  being  better  concentrated  and  not 
producing  bullion,  causing  them  to  be  a  better 
gamble  as  exploring  work  goes  on.  On  merit,  upon 
present  showing,  Crown  Point,  Hale  and  Norcross, 
Overman,  Chollar  and  Savage  ought  to  do  better; 
while  the  improvement  in  Con,  Imperial,  Yellow 
Jacket,  Seg.  Belcher,  Alpha  and  Exchequer  and  one 
or  two  others  deserves  greater  attention  if  not  higher 
prices. 

During  the  past  week  the  outside  public  sold  more 
stocks  than  they  bought.  This  they  did  under  well- 
circulated  bear  points  by  those  who  have  proven  cor- 
rect for  some  time  past.  The  selling  has  also  been 
assisted  by  authentic  reports  of  assessments  to  be 
levied  soon,  and  also  by  reports  that  the  financial 
standing  of  the  mines,  to  be  made  public  on  next 
Monday,  will  be  very  bad.  It  is  asserted  that 
Belcher,  Potosi,  Challenge,  Confidence,  Alpha, 
Ophir,  Union,  and  two  other  mining  companies  on 
the  Comstock,  will  levy  assessments  next  month; 
while  of  the  outside  companies  the  following  will 
levy  assessments  :  Bodie,  Mono»  Peer,  Del  Monte 
and  two  others  of  the  Tuscaroras.  After  the  assess- 
ments on  the  shares  of  the  Comstock  and  outside 
mines  are  levied,  it  is  claimed  that  the  stock  market 
will  do  better,  although  when  first  levied  there  might 
be  a  sharp  decline.  These  reports  are  given  for 
what  they  are  worth,  but  it  is  only  proper  to  say 
that  they  are  more  often  right  than  wrong,  yet  how 
they  will  prove  now,  time  can  only  tell.  The  ma- 
nipulators give  their  tools  correct  information  on  a 
market  so  aS  to  handle  or  fleece  the  public  to  a 
belter  advantage  when  the  time  arrives. 

From  the  mines,  private  advices  continue  hard  to 
get,  which  is  construed  by  the  better  informed  to 
warrant  the  assertion  that  the  work  going  on  in  the 
leading  mines  is  of  a  far  more  important  character 
than  the  managers  wish  the  public  to  know.  A  re- 
port is  current  of  an  improvement  in  Con.  Imperial, 
This  strike,  about  10  feet  of  ore,  was  made  three  or 
four  weeks  ago.  In  the  same  mine  a  5-foot  body  of 
ore  is  reported  to  have  been  run  into  near  the  Con- 
fidence line. 

Official  advices  report  that  last  week  in  Crown 
Point  in  the  west  crosscut  on  the  160-foot  level,  they 
ran  into  a  narrow  streak  of  ore  assaying  from  $40  fo 
$60  a  ton,  This  may  lead  to  something  still  belter. 
In  Alpha  an  improvement  is  reported  in  the  west 
crosscut  on  both  the  300  and  600-foot  levels.  In 
Hale  &  Norcross  the  improvement  noted  by  this 
paper  is  confirmed.  Yellow  Jacket,  Confidence, 
Challenge,  Belcher  and  Overman  deserve  close 
watching. 

The  work  going  on  in  and  around  the  Ward 
Shaft  is  of  the  most  important  character,  and  may, 
sooner  than  expected,  surprise  the  many.  From  the 
North  end  mines  our  advices  are  very  meager,  yet 
well-informed,  practical  miners  are  very  hopeful  of 
the  best  results  in  one  or  more  of  them.  The  poor, 
unsatisfactory  advices  from  the  mines  confirm  the 
opinion  of  the  better  informed  that  the  pool  is 


MINING    SHAREHOLDERS'    DIRECTORY. 

CoUFiL^  BVERT  Thursday  from  Abvertibbmbnt&  in  the  Mining  and  Soikntific  Freeb  and  otubr  S.  F.  Journam 

ASSESSMENTS. 

Salb.     Sborbtart.  Place  of  BoeiNiifiB. 


20. .Jan  17.... Feb  21., 
10.. Feb  10. ...Mar  17.. 
30. .Feb  13....Mar20... 


Company.  Location.  No.  Am't.  Levied.    Dblinq't. 

Adelaide  Copper  M  Oo Nevada.  .1..        l..Dec    31...  Feb  17 

Baltimore  M  Co Nevada..  6.. 

Becbtel  Cons  M  Co Califoruia..ll.. 

Butte  King  M  Co California..  1.. 

Camp  Creelc  JM  £  M  Co California.,   ' 

Con  St  Gnthard  M  Co California. . 

Crocker  M  Oo. .......  ^ Arizona, 

EaBtBtSt&  Belcher  ]M  Co. ...Nevada... 

Eurelia  Cons  Drift  M  Co California. 

Exchequer  M  Co Nevada 

Granc  i-rize  M  Oo .Nevada, 

Gray  Eagle  MGo California , 

Happy  Viiiley  Bl.  Graval  Co.. California 

Martin  White  M  Co Nevada., 

Mioeral  King  M  &  M  Co Arizona., 

Occidental  Coi,3M  Oo :. Nevada. 

Russell  R&  M  Co California. 

Silver  King  M  Co Arizona, 

True  Cons  M  Co California,. 


1,. 


,.16.. 


3.  .Feb  24., 
25,. Dec  16.. 
30,,Jau    27,, 

4..Jai]    21.. 

5.. Feb  12 


.Apr  5,. 
.Feb  10.. 
.Mar  5.. 
.Feb  26,. 
Mar  24, . 


,,Feb    12.,.. Mar  31,,, 
,■  Jan   10,.,,Feb  10,, 


Mar  17,  ,W  H  Graves 426  Sansome  St 

.Mar  12,.  A  K  Grim 402  Mdntgomery  St 

Apr  13., C  0  Harvey 303  California  8t 

Apr  12.. "W  CLt.wjs 723  IMarket  St 

a. .Dec  30,...Feb  12..,,Marl0,.ASFolger 213Fremcnt8t 

5,, Jan    14,..,Feb  17,,.. Mar  10.. T  Wetzel 522  M  ntgomery  St 

10..  Jan    20 Mar   5..,,Mar  28,.N  T  Mesaer 309  Montgomery  8t 

Feb  11 Mar  14.,.  .Mar  31., C  H  Mason 331  Montgomery  8t 

,Apr  21..WHRabe 224  Montgomery  St 

.Mar  3.  .0  E  Elliott 309  MontRomery  St 

.Mar  25.,RRGraj80n 327  Fine  St 

.Mar  17..  J  MButbngton 303  Cslifornia  St 

,Apr  14..DMKent 330  Pine  St 

Apr  30.. A B  Cooper , 325  Montgomery  St 

,Mar  3..PHLeonard 419  California  St 

Jan  20 — Feb  25 Mar  24.. A  K  Dunbar 309  Mootgomery  St 

6,,        5  ,Jan    13 Feb  17 Mar  12.  .J  Morizio 32s  Mont. ornery  8t 

2..      30. .Jan    15 Feb  26 Mar27..A  Waterman 309  Mi.utj,omery  St 

8.,      2ii,,Jan    18,.., Feb  15,,,  .Mar  10,  .J  C  Bates 434  California  St 

MEETINGS  TO  BS  HELD. 
Name  of  Oompaw  I.noAnoN.    Sboretaby  Office  in  S.  F  Meettito  T>atb 

Alabamaf  Barley  and  Humbo'dy  M  Go's W  A  Wilson 302  Montgomery  St Annual Mar  10 

Bullion-Beck  and  Cal  M  Co Nevada,. A  Badlam 322  Montgomery  St Annual Mar  19 

California  Irou  &  Steel  Co California,, F  Bonacina 438  California  St Annual Apr  21 

Hale&  Norcross  M  Co Nevada,.  A  B  Thompson 309  Montaomery  St Annual.,; Mai  l(i 

Indian  (ireekLfc  M  Co California.,  S  0  Mills 217  Sansome  St Annual .,.  Mar  5 

Potosi  M  Co Nevada.. CE  Elliott 309  Montgomery  St .,,.  Annual Mar  12 

LATEST  DIVIDBND3-WITHIN  THREE  MONTHS. 
Name  of  Company,  Location,     Secretary,  Office  in  s.  F  Amount,  Payable 

Champion  M  Co T  Wetzel 522  Montgomery  St 10 ; Jan  20 

Caledonia  M  C Nevada, ,  A  S  Chemioant 328  Montgomery  St 08 Aug  5 

Con  California  &  Va  M  Ho Nevada,, A  W  Havens 309  Montgomery  St 25 Feb  10 

Derbec  Blue  Gravel  M  Co Calif ornla..T  Wetzel 522  Montfromery  St 10 Dec  23 

Idaho  M  Co California Grass  Valley 6  00 Nov  7 

MtDiabloMCo  Nevada, .R  Heath 319  Pine  .St 30 Oct2T 

Pacific  Boras  Salt  &  Soda  Oo, ,. California., A  H  Clough 230  Montgomery  St 1  00 Feb  10 


gathering  in  stock,  and  to  do  so  they  will  sink  prices 
by  degrees  as  long  as  they  can  gather  them  in. 

From  the  Quijotoas,  official  news  continues  good— 
too  good  (or  the  stock,  il  we  are  to  judge  by  the 
prices  ruling  for  Crocker.  Peer  and  Peerless,  From 
the  Tuscaroras  our  advices  are  confirmatory  of  an- 
other decided  improvement  in  Del  Monte,  Com- 
monwealth is  turning  out  large  quantities  of  bullion, 
which  means  so-cent  dividends.  North  Belle  Isle 
has  about  i.ooo  tons  of  concentrates  that  assay 
very  high,  which  will  soon  be  turned  into  bullion. 
The  work  going  on  in  Grand  Prize  and  Belle  Isle 
is  of  a  very  interesting  and  important  character. 

From  the  Bodies  we  are  without  our  usual  infor- 
mation. This  is  probably  due  to  ihere  being  no 
particular  change  in  the  mines.  Official  letters  re- 
port more  miners  at  work  in  Bodie,  and  that  ex- 
plorine  and  other  work  on  the  700,  800  and  900- 
foot  levels  is  being  vigorously  pushed. 

Our  last  private  information,  part  of  which  was 
given  in  last  week's  Press,  was  of  a  very  encourag- 
ing nature,  yet  usually  well  informed  parties  here 
are  afraid  that  the  stringers,  etc,  report  may  run 
into  an  assessment  rather  than  into  ore  of  value. 

The  mining  share  market  opened  steady  this 
morning  under  light  business.  After  the  9:30  call 
there  was  more  activity  and  higher  prices  in  the 
Tuscaroras  under  the  leadership  of  Del  Monte, 
which  was  soon  followed  by  a  better  demand  for  the 
Comstocks,  causing  higher  prices  to  rule.  The 
Bodies  sold  low.  The  advance  in  the  Tuscaroras 
and  Comstocks  was  according  to  street  points. 
After  to-morrow  the  points  are  for  lower  prices  on 
the  latter.  The  points  out  on  the  Tuscaroras  are 
for  quite  a  setback  before  there  can  be  much  of  an 
npward  move^^ 

New  Incorporations. 

The  following  companies  have  been  incorporated, 
and  papers  filed  in  the  office  of  the  Superior  Court, 
deoartment  10.  San  Francisco  : 

Northern  Development  Co  ,  Feb.  25.  Object, 
huntine.  trading  and  fishing.  Capital  slock,  $250,- 
000,  Directors— W,  H,  Furguson,  John  Ross,  L. 
W.  Johnson,  John  Shean  and  H.  M.  Scrivener, 

West  Shore  Land  Corporation,  Feb,  25, 
Capital  stock,  $230,000,  Directors— R,  J.  Martm, 
C,  McCreary,  Robert  Mack.  D,  Hirschfield,  Jules 
Levy,  S.  Eppsiein  and  D,  P,  Belknap, 

California  Water  Co,,  Feb.  25  (Oakland), 
Object,  the  furnishing  of  water  to  San  Francisco, 
San  Mateo,  Alameda,  Santa  Clara  and  other  coun- 
ties, the  water  to  be  derived  from  whatsoever  sources 
may  be  avail.ible  to  purchase  or  otherwise;  also  to 
secure  water  rights,  by  condemnation,  to  build  sites, 
dams,  dap-sites,  canals,  flumes,  etc.  Capital  stork, 
$50,000,000.  divided  into  500,000  shares,  Direct- 
ors—Ansel M,  Easton.  James  Cunningham,  Albert 
U.  Mills,  Montague  T,  Moses  and  Nathaniel  J. 
Briltan, 

Bullion  Sliipments. 

We  quote  shipments  since  our  last,  and  shall  be 
pleased  to  receive  further  reports: 

Justice,  Feb,  24,  $4495;  Con,  CaUfornia  and  Vir- 
ginia. 24,  $77,025:  Commonwealth,  24  $31,000;  Ger- 
mania.  18,  $2589;  Hanauer,  18.  $3100;  Germania, 
19.  $2319;  Hanauer,  22,  $2374:  Germania,  22,  $2200. 

Onr  Agents, 

Dim  Friends  can  do  much  in  aid  of  our  paper  and  the 
cause  of  practical  knowledge  and  aoience,  by  aesiating 
Agents  in  their  lalHrrs  of  canvassing,  by  lending  their  in- 
fluenoe  and  encouraging  favors.  We  intend  to  send  none 
but  worthy  men, 

J,  C,  HOAG — San  Francisco, 

R,  G,  BAH.BT — San  Francisco, 

W,  W,  Thkobaldb— Los  Angeles  Oo, 

E.  Fischer — Central  California, 

Geo,  Wilson — Sacramento  Co.        -  _ 

E.  H,  ScHAEFFLE^Calaveras  Co, 

Frane  S.  CHApm— Coluea  Co, 

Isaac  Atbr— Fresno,  Cal, 

Samuel  Cliff— San  Luis  Obispo  Co, 

Wu.  H,  HiLLEART— Oregon- 

E-  E.   Dbming — Oregon, 

Chas,  M.  Moody- Oregon. 

H.  G,  Parsons— Washington, 

R.  Q,  Huston — Montana. 

The  Union  Ibon  Woeks"  Fokfeit.— The  re- 
quest of  the  Union  Iron  Works  of  San  Francisco 
to  be  relieved  of  the  penalties  acornia^  by  rea- 
son of  the  horse-power  developed  by  the  cruiser 
Cbarleston  falling  below  the  contract  require- 
ment, was  favorably  acted  upon  by  the  Senate 
Nival  A6Faira  Committee.  A  bill  will  be  re- 
ported r.  li.ving  the  company  of  the  payment 
of  the  833,000  penalty,  to  which  it  wonld  other- 
wise be  sabjeoted. 


Table  of  Lowest  and  Highest  Sales  in 
S,  F.  Stock  Exchange, 


Name  of 
oompaijv, 


Alpha 

Alta 

Andes 

Belcher 

Best  &  Belcher.,, 

BulUon 

Bodie  Con 

Bulwer 

Commonwealth  , . 
Con,  Va.  4  Cal,., 

Challenge , 

Chollar 

Confidence 

Con,  Imperial,... 

Caledonia 

Crown  Point 

Crocker 

Del  Monte 

EureEa  Con 

Bzcjbeouer 

Grand  Prize 

Gould  &  Curry,,., 
Hale  &  Norcross., 

Julia 

Juatice 

Kentuck 

Lady  Wash 

Mono 

Mexican 

Navajo 

NortbBeUelsle... 

Nev,  Queen 

Occidental 

Ophir 

Overman 

Potosi 

Peerless 

Peer 


8,  B,  4M 

Sierra  Nevada, . 

SUverHIU 

Scorpion 

CTnion  Con 

Utab 

fellow  Jacket.,, 


Week 
Ending 
Feb, 


1  85 
2.511 
.65 
,60 

3'65 
4.8 
1.10 
2.80 
3.40 
.30 


4.00 
60 


1.40 
2.80 


2.«5 
35 


3.65 

.65 

1.70 


.15 
2.26 

.56 
2  00 


Weee 
Rnding 
Feb,  13, 


.115 
1.25 

1.70 
2.70 


.95 
1. 10 

.so 

1.80 
2.70 


3.40 
4.65 
1.30 
2  40 


3.56 

70 

1.40 

2.40 


.66 
.36 
I  40 
2.76 
-31) 
1.25 
70 


.65 
3. 

1.10 
2.00 

.26 

i!70 


Week 
Ending 
Feb.  20 


2.80 

69 

30 

1.40 

2,75 

i!25 
65 
26 


3.06 
.'5 
.90 
.76 
.60 
1.60 
1. 00 
1.60 
.20 
.20 
1,66 
1  35 
2,001,90 


2.35  2  25 

.60     60 

2,05ll.95 


25 
2.25 
.60 
1  95 


Week 
Ending 
Feb.  27. 


1.10 
1.30 


2  85  3  35 
,65  ,B5 
,45  .66 
.26  ,,,. 

3  76  3.95 
4.60  5.U0 
1.50  1.75 
2.46  2,60 
3,60  4,00 

,30  ,40 

.20  ,25 

1,75  1.95 
,36 


1.40 
3,26 
,65 


1,56 
4.00 


1.46 


.40 

1.75 

2.90 

26  .30 

1.4U  1.50 

,70  .80 

...  .30 

,30  ,40 

3.35  3,90 

.30  .,,, 

1.00  1,10 

.80  .85 

,95  3,1s, 

4,10  4  85 

,05  1,26 

l,f5  1.75 

25  ,,,, 

20  ,,,, 

60  1.80 

1  66  1,60 

2.20  2,80 


2,45  3.16 
.65  SO 
.15    2.45 


Sales  at  San  Francisco  Stock  Exchange. 

TsnESDAT,  Feb.  27.  9:30  A,  M,  lOOO  Navaio 35c 

200  Alpha 1,00  3fi0  N.  Commonwealth.  .1.35 

100  Be3t&  E 2.85,  100  Occident 1.15 

100  BulUon 60c!  100  Overman. 1,06 

100  Crocker 40c  220  Opbir  4  05 

300  Commonwealth 3.9.^1000  Peer 20c 

700  Del'mnt 1.60,    60  Potosi 1,65 

100  Iowa 25c  2'10  Savage 1.60 

lOT  Julia 26c  100  Scorpion 20c 

170  Mexican 3,30   100  Union  2.40 


Complimentary  Samples. 

Persons  receiving  this  paper  marked  are  re- 
quested to  examine  its  contents,  terms  of  sub- 
scription, and  give  it  their  own  patronage,  and, 
as  far  as  practicable,  aid  in  circulating  the 
journal,  and  making  its  value  more  widely 
known  to  others,  and  extending  its  influence  in 
the  cause  it  faithfully  serves.  Subscription 
rate,  {3,00  a  year.  Extra  copies  mailed  for  10 
oents,  if  ordered  soon  enough.  If  already  a 
aubsoriber,  please  show  the  paper  to  otbera. 

Don't  Fail  to  Write. 

Should  this  paper  be  reoeived  bj  any  Bnbacrlber  who 
doea  not  want  ft,  or  beyond  the  tinie  he  intends  to  pay 
for  it,  let  him  not  (all  to  write  ua  direct  to  stop  it.  A 
poatal  card  (ooeting  one  cent  only)  will  BuflSce.  We  will 
not  knowingly  aend  the  paper  to  any  one  who  does  not 
wish  it,  but  if  It  1b  continued,  through  the  failure  of  the 
rabsmrlber  to  notify  as  to  discontinue  It,  or  some  Irre- 
sponsible party  requented  to  HtoT>  It,  we  nhall  pnfllMvely 
demand  payment  for  the  time  it  is  sent.     Look  carefolly 

AT  THE  ISABEL  ON  TOUR  PAPEE. 


The  Best  Mining  District 

On  the  Pacific  Coaet  ! 

GRASS    VALLEY,  CAL. 

THE  BEST  NEWSPAPER   published  in  the  district  Is 

■x-xxx:  a:"xx>xl^w^o^s. 

Daily  and  Weekly  edition.  Gives  all  the  Minirpr  News. 
Dealers  in  Mining  Machinery  and  Mining  Supplies  will 
find  THE  TIDINGS  the  beat  medium  for  directly  rt-ach- 
intr  the  owners  or  managers  of  mines.  loveators  in 
mines  will  find  It  to  their  advantage  to  subscribe. 

Many  mines  are  in  successful  operaiion,  and  new 
enterprises' are  being  instituted  and  many  others  are  in 
contemplation. . 

DAILY,  Sfi  00  a  year;  WEEKLY,  $2  50,  in  advance. 


7*0X1.    i 

OnH  Ohmeu's    12-712  .Automate  BnRlne; 

best  style  in  use.  Also,  1  Boiler  48  in. x  16  ft.  Both  nearly 
new.    Apply  to    J.  W.  QDICK,  321  First  St., 
(Top  Floor)  San  FranclecOt  Oal, 


Mab.  1,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


157 


DELINQUENT    SALE    NOTICE. 
Gray  Eagle   Mining   Compiny.     LfCitlon 

of  principal  place  of  bnainoiw.SaD  Knoclsco.CiJiforou. 

Locktion  of  Wotks,  PUcor  Co  ,  Cal. 

NOTICE. --Tlioro  »ro  doliii.juont  upon  the  MloiiiDi: 
titscrib  li  Stock,  oo  a<^c"Uiil  ut  Awemmeat  (No.  Id) 
levied  OD  the  *21>t  dk>-  of  Jkouftrv,  1^0,  the  Mveril 
•lu  lunts  B«t  opposite  ttio  DAmes  ut  the  respective  Shkrc- 
lioldera,  as  followi: 

NAMeS.  Ceriirt'mte.     eh»ro».      ^"" 

DEAUIaou 604  aft  91  Ou 

DBowera S7»  MO  80 

DB  wen «M  60U  20  00 

K  W  BUioy 284  20  80 

J  M  Butllitifton,  Tniitoe 60S  447fi  17f)  UO 

O  H  Rotf»rt.  Triuteo 405  4i  1  00 

0  H  Btnfire,  Tru^tue 447  MWO  200  m 

O  U  BoK&rt.  TruBtve 470  1000  40  mi 

O  R  BoflTftrt,  Trustee 471  .MtO  W  fiu 

O  H  BoK»rt.  Truitee ..     472  500  2'1  H" 

Jftmeo  Clkrk 401  in)  i  w 

H  w  OFav.Trmtee ISl  600  20  uo 

B  W  Utiiies 40ti  600  £0  (M 

B  W  Halnee 409  600  20  UO 

W  C  Il<int«n.  TMiHtOfl fiOO  100  4  00 

W  O  Huoten,  Tru«tu« .'>07  100  4  00 

w  c  Hiinteo.  Tni  t«e 6  8  100  4  CO 

WC  Hnn(«ii,Tru8teo .M«»  100  4  00 

WC  Huiitcii.Trunt«e ,  ..'.lO  100  4  (K) 

WC  Huntttn.Truateo ."ill  100  4  00 

Cyrus  \V  Jooch,  Truatee 45!t  lOfW  40  00 

John  Uodon 84  100  4  00 

H  M  RoMkrana 30  600  24  00 

0  60  Row 14fi  100  4  00 

Geo  Roes 140  100  4  00 

Geo  H  88 147  100  4  00 

Geo  Ross        ,    .148  100  4  no 

Geo  KofB 149  100  4  00 

Geo  R089 240  SO'  80 

C  S  Stout,  lYuKtee 47«  2000  80  00 

CS  Stout.  Trustee 477  953  38  12 

MrsM  E  Stout 170  60o  20  00 

MrsU  K  Stout lex  5  0  20  on 

W  A  Sesrles,  Tru8te« '. 618  1000  40  00 

J  NTayl-r 102  1000  40  00 

J  N  Tavlor 330  40  100 

Theo  VVfizel,  Trustee... 178  300  8  00 

Theo  Wetz  I.TrustM 285  8  32 

Theo  Welzei,  T.ustee 265  312  12  43 

A  H  Winn.  T-iiatee 4fl6  lOOO       •  40  01 

A  H  Winn,  TniBttJO 467  60(1  20  00 

A  H  Winn,  Truhtuo 468  500  20  00 

And  in  accordance  with  law,  and  an  order  of  tho 
Board  of  Direi:tors,  made  on  the  21st  day  of  January, 
1890,  BO  many  ihares  of  each  parcel  of  sucli  Stock  as  may 
be  necessary,  will  be  BOld  at  public  Auction,  at  the  of- 
See  of  the  Cumpanv.  Room  11,  No  303  I'alirornla  street, 
Sao  Francisco.  California,  on  MO-J't-VY,  TH'.  SKVEN- 
TEENTH  (17th)  DAY  OF  MARUH,  1S90.    at  the  hour   of 

1  o'clock  p.  it.  of  said  day,  to  pay  said  Delini|ueDt  As- 
sesHmODt  tliereoo,  together  with  foi-ts  of  '•dvertisinc  and 
expensesof  9-lo-  J.  M.  BT'FFINGTON,  Secretary. 

Oth^e,  Ho>  m  II,  No.  303  California  street,  Sao  Fran- 
cisco, California 

PBACTIOAL 

Books  on  Mining" 

AND  IRRIGATION. 

Descriptive  Catalo^e  and  Circulars  of  Books  relating: 
to  Assaying,  Mining,  Electricity  and  MechaDical  Engineer- 
ing, sent  free  on  application. 

E.  &  F.  N.  SPON,  Publishers, 

12  Cortlandt  St.,  New  Torb. 


HORACE  D.  RANLETT, 

Ores,  Mining,  and  Commission, 

420  MoDtffOmery  St.,  S.  F. 

Ships  under  advances  to  Bmeltlng  works  in  Boston, 
New  York,  Brtltimore  and  Liverpool. 

Twenty-one  years'  experience  in  Shipping  Ores  and 
Ibnaginf;  Mines. 

Solicits  CouBignmonts  of  Copper  Produce  and  Manage- 
ment of  Min'ng  Matters. 

All  business  cr<nducted  on  Cash  Baaie. 

Purchase  and  shipment  of  Mining  Supplies  A  Spbcialtt. 

Sales  of  Developed  Copper  Mines  undertaken. 

Buainesa  Manager  of  U.nION  COPPER  MINE,  Copper- 
opolis,  Cal.;  NEWTON  COPPER  MINE,  Amador  Co. ,  Cal. 


FOR  SALE  CHEAP. 


One  new  double  circular  Sawmill  to  carry  60-inch  bot- 
tom saw,  with  wrought-iron  hangers  (or  top  saw.  Fric- 
tion feed-works,  patent  steel  screw  double-throw  head- 
blocks,  with  track  iron,  saw  carriage  and  frame  complete. 

RISDON  IRON  &  LOCOMOTIVE  "WORKS, 

San  Francisco,  Gal. 


Tioga  District  Mining  Company, 

Incorporated   June  11,1889.     Capital  Stock,  910,000,000 
BUY  AND  SELL 

California  Gold,  Silver, Quicksilver,  Copper 
and  Lead  Mines 

OF    ASCERTAINED    VALUE. 

Office,  No.  13  PARROTT'S  BUILDING,  N.  W. 

Corner  of  California  and  Montgomery  Streets, 

SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 

WM.  B.  WIQHTMAN,  Pres.      WM.  H.  V.  CRONISE.  Sec. 


Practical  Treatise  on  Hydraulic  Mining. 

By  AUG.  J.  BOWIE,  Jr. 

This  new  and  Important  book  is  on  the  use  anr*  con- 
struction of  Ditches,  Flumes,  Dams,  Pipes,  Flow  of  Water 
on  Heavy  Grades,  methods  of  mining  shallow  and  deep 
placers,  history  and  development  of  mines,  records  of 
gold  washing,  mechanical  appliances,  such  as  nozzles, 
hurdy-gurdys,  rockers, undercurrents,  etc;  also  describes 
methods  of  blasting;  tunnels  and  sluices;  tailings  and 
dump;  duty  of  miners'  inch,  etc,  A  very  practical  work 
for  gold  miners  and  users  of  water.  Price,  $5,  post-paid 
For  sale  by  Dbwbt  &  Co.,  Publishers,  2?0  Market  St.,  San 
Franoisco. 


RUBBER  FACTORY. 


'fwm 


^351 


BBEK  BEirms 


AGENTS 


iVIonarch   Belting. 

The  PUea  ot  thig  Bolt  are 

UNITED  by  COTTON  RIVETS 

Which  hold  thom  firmly  together. 

Each  Bivet  is  Independent 

Aod  Follows  the  Stratoh. 

THERE  ARE   NO   STITCHES 

TO  BREAK,  aod 

The    Belt    has    a    Smooth 
Surface. 

Hose,  Belting,  Packing,  Etc. 

ALL  KINDS  OF  RUBBER  GOODS  MADE  TO  ORDER  IN  A  FEW  HOURS. 

W.  F.  BOWERS  S  CO..  409  Market  St..  San  Francisco. 


Vulcan  Iron  Woi^ks, 

135-145  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

Mining  Machinery.  Steam  Engines. 


STAMP  BATTERIES, 

PANS  AND  SETTLERS, 

ROCK  BREAKERS,  ETC.,  ETC. 


SAW-MILL 

CABLE-ROAD       I  MACHINERY. 

REfRIGERATINGJ 


1, 


Special  Macliinery  to  Order. 

AERIAL    wTrE    ropeways. 


OBWI »««!«", 


(Vulcaa  Patent  System) 

SINGLE,   ENDLESS   TRAVELING   ROPE 

Elevated  on  Wooden  Posts,  from  ]50  to  2000  feet,  apart, 
conveyinsr  Buckets  of  Ore,  coal,  Wood,  etc. 

No  Possibility  of  IiOBd  Slipping:. 

Ctieapest  Form,  of  Transportation. 

No  road  needed;    can  be  run  vertically    No  power 
needed  if  angle  of  descent  be  more  than  S  uegrees. 

CAN   SPAN    GULCHES   2000  FEET  TVIDE. 


To  Miners,  Mlllmen.  Dealers  In  Machinery.  Etc. 

The  undersigned  offers  for  sale  at  greatly  reduced  prices,  machinery  belonging  to  the 

AUTO -PNEUMATIC    CAR    MOTOR    COMPANY, 

Situate  in  the  City  of  San  Francisco,  on  the  block  bounded  by  Foleom,  Harrison,  Sixteenth  and  Seventeenth  Streets. 
Said  machinery  la  new  and  has  only  been  used  loDg:  enough  to  teat  every  part  of  it. 

One  Compound  Steam  Air  Compressor,  low  pressure  cylinder   12x20,  bish  pressure 

cylinder  5x20,  'wltb  Inter-cooIer  and  all  connections  comp  ete. 
One  Air  Tank,  48  Inches  In  diameter    by    16   feet  length,  tested  to  300  pounds  to  tbe 

Inch- 
One  Auto-Poeumatlc  Passenger  and  Motor  Oar,  30  feet  long:,  standard  gauge,  with  air 

tanks  and  engines  complete.    Engines,  Compound,  6*lnch  and  11-inch  cylinders  by 

12'lncli  stroke. 
2000  feet  or  more  of  20  lbs  rails  with  ties,  bolts  and  flsh  plates,  complete. 
For  further  information  apply  to 

J.  C.  RUED,  Director  A.  P.  C.  M.  Co., 

No.  119  Clay  Street,  San  Pfancisco. 


tdljcalional. 


OF 

ASSAYING    AND    CHBklSTRY. 
Roomfl48447,  ^628  Montuomerv  St., 

Sd  Flour  Montgomery  Bl'k.  \         dan  Franclsco, 
Also,  Evening  Classea,  7  to  10  o'clock. 

JOHN  T.  KVANS,  M.  A.,  Principal. 


"RED 


SQXTj^fl.:E:     f^Xj.A.3C     X^.i^OZS.XXia'G^, 


Manufac'ureii  l\-  m  strlctlj  first'-class  ^li\  and  pure  lubricants  Sup  nor  to  all  others  for  water  and  ateam.  Packa 
with  leas  frioiion  and  n  akea  a  tighter  joint  than  any  other  packinu  made,  g^  Imitations  of  inf  rior  quality  hav- 
ing been  put  upon  the  market,  we  have  been  comnelled  to  adopt  the  above  trade-ma'k,  and  all  of  our  packing  will 
now  have  a  BED  CORD  running  through  the  center  Its  entire  Jenerth  See  that  you  get  it  and  take  no  other  Sold 
by  all  Hardware  dealers.  Price,  50  cents  per  pound.  W,  T.  Y.  SCJUENCK,  Sole  Manufacturer,  333  and 
304  Market  Streft,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


A  PARTY  TYOULD  LIKE  TO    BEAR  OF  A 
FAVORABLE    LOCALITY 

Outside  of  San  Prancieco, 

To  engage  in  the 

UACHIKE  &  BLACESMIXa  6XTSIIT£SS. 

Address  "  MECHiNIO,"  419  Poleom  Street, 
San  Franciaco. 


GRANGER'S  ROLLER  STAMP  MILl 

Bnat9  them  all.   'Workg  dry  ores,    jrakes  even  gran- 
nlalioii.    No  duad  work,  hence  niinimam  wear, 

A.  P.  GRANGER,  Denver,  Colo. 


GRANGER'S  DRT  ORE  SEPARATOR 

Tlic  verv  best.  Uses  no  water.  No  freezing  up. 
Saves  hatilfnt;  waste.  Saves  liiyU  percentage.  Scud 
[or  circulars. 

A.  P.  G^.A^^GE^.  Denver,  Colo. 


School  of  Practical.  Civil,  Mechanical  and 
MINING  ENGINEERING, 

SnnenEg,  Arcliitecttire,  DrawiDg  aod  AssaTlBg 

723    MARKKT    STHKhJT. 

The  History  Building,  Sas  Khascibco,  Cal. 

A.  VAN  DKR  NAILLEN,  Prcaiuunt. 

Aenaying  of  OreH,  $28;  Bullion  and  Chlorinatl^n  Assay, 

$25;  Blowi-lpe  Assay,  $10.     ^^lll  courno  of  aaeaytng,  |50. 

tySend  tor  circular. 


BUSINESS      COLLEGE, 

24  POST  ST..  8.  F 

FOR  SEVENTY-FIVE  DOLLARS  THIS 
ColIeKc  ioetructa  In  Shorthand,  Type  Writing,  Book- 
ceeplng.  Telegraphy.  Penmanship,  Drawing,  all  the  En- 
glish branches,  and  everything  pertaining  to  bualoeae, 
for  elz  full  months.  We  have  elztuen  teachers,  and  give 
Individual  tnstruotlon  to  all  our  pupils.  Our  Bchoo)  hfts 
itiH  graduates  In  every  part  of  th«  Sute. 
iWSsND  FOR  ClEOULAfi. 

B.  p.  BBALD.  Prealdeot. 


(Successor  to  Heinn  &  William,) 

Minufacturer  of  Leather  and  Fulled  Rawhide    BELT- 
ING,  Rope    Lace  and  Puiup  Leather,  Etc. 

134    MAIN    ST,    SAN    PftANCISCO,    CAL. 


The  Celebrateo  H.  H.  H  Liniment. 


The  H.  H.  H.  Liniment  la  for  the  treatment  o( 
be  Aches  and  Pains  of  Humanity,  as  well  as  for  the  ali- 
ments of  the  beasts  of  the  fields.  Testlmonlala  from 
importcra  and  breeders  of  blooded  stock  prove  Its  won- 
derful curative  properties.  No  man  has  ever  used  it  for 
in  ache  or  pain  and  been  dissatisQed. 
H.  H.  MOORE  &  SONS,  Stockton,  Cal.,  Proprietors. 
For  Salb  bt  all  Druqoirts. 


O.    H.  EVANS    &  CO. 

(Successors  to  THOMSON  &  EVANS), 
110  and    lie   Beale    Street, 

MACHINE  WORKS, 
Steam  Pumpi,  Steam  Engines 


"^ 


Great  Variety  of  SHOT  GUNS,  RIFLES, 

etc.     Ereech-Loaders  from  $4  to  SIOO. 
SEND   STAMPS    FOR    PRICE    LISTS 

GEO.  W.  SHREVE, 

525  Kearny  Street,        San  Francisco,  Oal. 


158 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Mar.  1,  1890 


First  claat  Books  on  Mechanical  Drawing. 

- —  THE  

Practical  Draughtsman's 

Book  of  Industrial  Design. 

Armengand,   Amoroux,   and  Johnson.— The 

Practical  Draugh'Bmati's  Boob  of  Industrial  Desiffo.  and 
Machinist's  and  Engioeer's  Drawing-  Compaaion.  Form- 
ing a  Complete  Course  of  Mechanical  Enj^nneermp;  and 
Architectural  Drawin?.  Fromihe  French  of  M.  Armen- 
i?aud,  the  elder,  Prof,  of  DegiEn  in  the  Conservatory  of 
Arts  and  Industry,  Paris,  a-d  MM.  Armengaud,  the 
vounger,  and  Amoroux,  Civil  Eogineers  Rewritten  and 
arranged  with  additi^nji  matter  and  plates,  eelections 
from  and  examples  of  the  most  useful  and  generally  em^ 
ployed  mechanism  of  the  day.  By  William  Johnson, 
Asaoc.  Inst  C.  E.  Illustrated  by  50  folio  steel  plates  and 
50  wood-cats.    A  new  edition.    4to,  half-morocco,  $10. 

—  ALSO  — 

Kose— Mechanical  D. awing  felE-Taugbt;  Comprising 
InstructiODS  in  the  Selection  and  Prepa-ation  of  Drawing 
Instruments,  Flementar.v  Instruction  .in  Practical  Me- 
chanical Drawing,  together  with  Examples  in  Simple 
Geometry  and  Elementary  Mechanism,  includiDg  Screw 
Threads,  Gear  Wneels,  Mechanicil  Motiors,  Engines  and 
Boilers.  By  Joshua  Rose,  M.  E,  Author  of  "The  C  m- 
plete  Practical  Marhinist."  "  The  Pattern-makT's  Assist- 
ant." ''The  Slide-valve,"  "Modern  Steam  Engines," 
"Steam  Boilers,"  etc  Illustrated  by  330  enerav,ngs. 
Fourth  Edition^  thorjughly  reviaed  and  corrected.  Svo, 
303  piges **•*'  0 

8^  The  ahom  or  any  of  our  Boolcs  xeni  hy  mQil,/rec 
of  postage,  at  the  publication  prices,  to  any  address  in 
the  world.  -  .     ,       , 

g^  Our  iieio  mid.  enlarged  Catalogue  of  Practical  and 
Scientific  Boolcs,  S6  pages,  Svo,  and  02ir  other  Cata- 
logues, the  whole  covering  the  literature  of  every  branch 
of  Science  applied  to  the  Arts,  sent  free  and  free  of  post- 
age to  any  one  in  any  part  of  the  world  loho  wiilfxirmsh 
us  with  his  address. 

HENRY  CAREY  BAIRD  &  CO., 

Ihddstriai.   Boohsbllers,  Publishers   and    lMP0RT*Ra, 
SIO  Walnut  Street,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

RIX  k  FIRTH, 

225  and  227  Rrst  St.,  San  Francisco,  CaL 

Compressed  Air  and  Water  Power 
Machinery. 


KNIGHT'S  WATER  WHEEL, 

For  Mills,  Pumping  and  Hoisting. 

OVBB    300  IN    USE. 
All  estimates  guaranteed.    SeBd  for  Circular. 


WATER  TANKS  I    WINE  TANKS  1 

CALIFORNIA    WINE    COOPERAGE     CO. 

FUZiDA  BROS.,  Proprietors, 
30  to  40  Spear  St.,  San  Francisco. 

ALL  KINDS  OF  CASKS,  TANKS,  Etc. 
jO-Smp,  Mining,  and  Water  Tanks  a  Specialty. "^t 


J.  O.  WILSON.  C.  A.  O'BRIEN. 

J.  MAODONOUGH  &  CO. 

IMPORTERS  AND  DKALERS  IN 

COAL  AND_PIG  IRON. 

Principal  Office: 

41    MABKET  STKBET,  COENBR  SPEAR. 
Yards: 

S.  W.  Oor.  Spear  &     g     S.W.  Oor.  Main  & 

Folsoin,  <  Folsoni, 

[Telephone  No.  1864.]  SAN  FRANCISCO. 

CLAYTON 

AIR  COMPRESSORS 

For  Working 
Rock    Drills,   Coal   Cutters, 
Hoisting   Engines    and  "Water 
Pumps  in  Mines  and  Tunnels, 
Sinking  Caissons,  Etc.,  Etc. 

SEND  FOR  CATALOGUE  No.  6. 

Clayton  Air  Compressor  Works, 
43  DEY  ST.,  NEW  YORK. 


PACIFIC    ROLLING   MILL    CO., 

MANITFA0TDBBB8  OF 

tW  Caste  ^^Sti 


UP   TO   20,000  LBS.   WEIGHT. 

True  to  pattern  and  superior  In  strength,  tonglmeBB  and  durablUtir  to  OBBt  or  Wrought 
Iron  in  any  position  or  for  any  service. 

GEARINGS,  SHOES,  DIES,  CAMS,  TAPPETS,  PISTON-HEADS,  RAILROAD  and  MA- 
CHINERY CASTINGS  of  Every  Description. 


HOMOGENEOUS  STEEL 


SOFT  and  DUCTILE, 

J         SUPERIOR  TO  IRON  FOR 
LOCOMOTIVE  AND  MARINE  FORGINGS. 

ALSO  Steel  Rods,  from  J  to  3  inch  diameter  and  Flata  trom  1  to  8  inch.  Angles,  Toes,  Channels  and  other  shape 
Steel  Wagon,  Buggy,  and  Truck  Tires,  Plow  Steel;  Machinery  and  Special  Shape-  Steel  to  size  and  lengths 
STEEI.  RAILS  from  12  to  45  pounds  per  yard.  ALSO,  Railroad  and  Merchant  Iron,  Rolled 
Beams,  Aogle,  Channel,  and  T  iron,  Bridge  and  Machine  Bolts,  Lag  Screws,  Nuta,  Washers,  Ship  and  Boat 
Spikes;  Steamboat  Shafts,  Cranks,  Pistons,  Connecting  Rods,  etc  Car  and  Locomotive  Axles  and  Frames, 
and  Iron  Forgings  of  all  kinds.  Iron  and  Steel  Bridge  and  Roof  Work  a  Specialty. 

HIGHEST  PRICE  PAID  FOR  SCRAP  IRON  AND  STEEIi. 

ly  Orders  will  have  prompt  attention.    Send  for  Catalogues.    Address 

PACIFIC  ROLUKG  HILL  CO.,  202  Market  St.,  San  Franeisco. 


FULTON     IRON    WORKS, 

HINOKLEY,  SPIERS   &    HAYES.  Proprietore. 


^eQ.oe,   8X3    X*xre: 


[ESTABLISHED    IN    1855.] 
oxxt    St.  w 


— MANITFACTDRBBfl    OP— 


TUSTIN'S    PULVERIZER. 


MARINE     ENGINES    AND    BOILEBS.- 

Propeller  Engines,  either  High  Pressure  or  Compound, 
Stern  or  Side-wheel  Engines, 

MINING  MACHINERY.— Hoisting  Engines  and 
Works,  Cages,  Ore  Buckets,  Ore  Care,  Pumping  Engines 
and  Pumps,  Water  Buckets,  Pump  Columns,  Air  Com- 
pressors, Air  Receivers,  Alt  Pipes. 

MILL  MACHINERY— Batteries  for  Dry  or  Wet 
Crushing,  Amalgamating  Pans,  Settlers,  Furnaces,  Re- 
torts, Concentrators,  Ore  Feeders,  Rock  Breakers,  Fur- 
naces for  Reducing  Ores,  Water  Jackets,  etc 

MISCELLANEOUS  MACHINERY. -Flour 
Mill  Machinery,  Saw  Blill  Engines  and  Boilers,  Dredging 
Machinery,  Powder  Mill  Machinery,  Water  Wheels. 

Tustin's  Pulverizer 

WORKS  ORE  WET  OR  DRY. 


ENGINESsBOILERS 

OF    ALL    KINBS, 
Either  for  use  on  Steamboats  or  for  use  on  Land. 

Water  Pipe,  Pump  or  Air  Colnmiu,  Pish 
Tanks  for  Salmon  Canneries 

OF  BVHRY  DBSCRIPnON. 

Boiler  Repairs  Promptly  attended  to  and  at  very  moaerate  rates. 

AGBNTS  FOR  THE  PACIFIC  COAST  FOR  THB 

I3ea.xie   S-tea.zx].  T^ii-ryixT*- 

SPECIALTIES  : 

Corliss  Engines  and  Tastln  Ore  FnlverlKers.  DBANK    STBAM^PUMP. 

Agents  and  Manufacturers  of  the  Llewellyn  Feed  Water  Purifier  and  Heater. 


THE  GIANT  POWDER  COMPANY 

Manufacture  Three  Kinds  of  Powder,  which  are  acknowledged  by  all  the  Great  Chemists  of  the  World  as 

The  Safest  and  Strongest  High  Explosives  in  the  Market. 

Of  Different  Strengths  as  Required. 

NOBi:i,'S    EXPIiOSIVB     6X:i.ATINX;,"    which  contains    94   per  cent  of  Nitro-OIyoerine,  and 

GMLATINE-DYNAMITG,  Stronger  than  Dynamite  and  even  Safer  in  Bandiing. 

JUDSON  POWDER  IMPROVED. 

FOR  RAH-ROADS  AND  IiAND  CliEARING.  Is  from  three  to  four  times  stronger  than  ordinary  Blast- 
ing Powder,  and  Is  used  by  all  the  BaUroads  and  Qravel  Claims,  as  it  breaks  more  ground,  pulverizes  better  and 
saves  time  and  money.    It  is  as  dry  as  the  ordinary  Blasting  Powder  and  runs  as  freely. 

BANDMANN,  NIELSEN  &  CO., 


OAFS  and  njSE  for  Sale. 


GENERAL  AGBNTS,  SAN  FRANCISCO  CAL. 


QUARTZ  SCREENS 


A  Specialty.  Round,  slot 
or  burred  slot  holes.  Gen- 
uine Russia  Iron,  Homo- 
geneous Steol,  Cast  Steel  or  ' 
American  planished  Iron. 
Zinc,  Copper  or  Brass  Screens  for  all  purposes.  Cali- 
fornia Perforating:  Screen  Co.,  145  &  147  Beale  St ,  3.  F. 


COAL  MINES  OF  THE  WESTERN  COAST. 

A  few  copies  of  this  work,  the  only  one  ever  published 
treating  of  PaciSc  Coast  Coal  Mining,  have  been  ob- 
tained, and  are  for  sale  at  tliis  office  for  $2.60  per  copy. 
It  was  written  by  W.  A.  Goodyear,  Mining  and  Civil 
Engineer,  formerly  of  the  C^lfomia  State  Geological 
•Survey. 


N.  W.  SPAULDINQ 

Manufaoturers  of 
SPAULDING'S 


Inserted  Tootli 

AKD 

CHISEL    BIT 

CIBC1XLAB 

Saws. 


SAW  MILLS   AND   MACHINERY 

Of  all  kinds  made  to  order.    Send  lor  Descriptive  Cata 
lo^e.    11  and  19  Fremont  St..  San  Franciaoa, 


Irop  apd  lAachipe  llforl(3. 


UNION   IRON  WORKS, 

BAOBAMENTO,  CAI.. 

BOOT.    NEILSON     &    CO., 

MAinJFAOTmUUUI  OF 

steam     Engines,   Boilers, 

AKS  ALL  EnmB  OF 

MACHINERY  FOR  MINING  PURPOSES. 

Flouring  Mills,  Saw  Mills  and  Quartz  Mills-  Hachlneijr    j 
oonstnioted,  fitted  up  and  repaired. 

Front  St.,  bet.  N  &  o  sts.,         Sacramento.  Cftii   i 


CALIFORNIA    MACHINE    WORKS, 
WM.  H.  BIRCH  &  CO., 

ENGINEEBS    AND    MACHINISTS, 


No.  119  Beale  St., 


rflOUAB  THOHPSON 


Mining    Engineers. 


W.  A.  GOODYEAR, 

Civil   and    Mining   Engineer, 

HININO  EXPB21T  tXB  OEOLOOIST. 


Address 
Francisco. 


BOSS   B.  BBOWNE, 

Mining  and  Hydraulic  Engineer, 


No.  S07  Sansojib  St.,  San  Frajioisoo. 


VAN   DUZEN'S 

STEAMjetPUMP 

For  Wator  Sopply  Tanfcs. 

For  Fire  Pnnip  on  Var<l  or  Svritob  Fngrines- 

For  Bound  ]l€»uHe  tienemi  Work. 

For  Urainine  I'ondM.  t*its,  Coifer  l>ainfi,  etc. 

10  Sizes.     $t~  to  8~5.     TliouftandH  iu   oim:. 

Write  for  Descriptive  Pump  Circular,  V. 

■VAN   DUZEN  «,  TIFT,  CINCINNATI,  O. 


San  Francisco. 


BUILDBRS  OP 

Steam  Enelnes,  Saw  Mills,  Mining  Machinery,  Dredging 
Machines,  Rock  Crushers,  Cable  Railway  Machinery, 
Ellithorp  Air  Bralte  Co.'s  Patent  Steam  and  HydrauUo 
Elevators,  Air  Cushions  and  Air  Brakes.  FOSITIVB 
SAFETIES.  Improved  Bam  Elevators,  Sidewalk  and 
Hand  Hoists.  B.  E.  Henrickson's  Patent  Automatic 
Safety  Catches. 

Machines  of  all  kinds  Blade  and  Repaired. 
Orders  Solicited. 


Golden  State  &  Miners  Iron  Works. 

Uanufitoture  Iron  Castings  and  Machinery 
of  all  Kinds  at  Greatly  Bed'nced  Bates. 

*  STEVENSON'S  PATENT 

Mold-Board  AMALGAMATORS, 
Golden  State  Pressure  Blowers. 

Birst  St.,  between  Howard  &  Foleom.  8.  F, 


THORNTON  THOMFSOH 


THOMPSON    BROTHERS. 

EUREKA    FOUNDRY, 

129  and  181  Beale  St.,  between  Mission  and  Howard,  0.1 

HABnTFACTUBSRS  OF  OASTUTOS  OF  BVHBT  DBSORIPliOR. 


*  Business  Box  A,"  office  of  this  paper,  San 


ISRAEL  W.  KNOX, 
Mining  and  Mechanical  Engineer 

ANB  porohasihg  aqbkt  for 

Uines,  Mining  Machinery  &  Snpplies. 

Mines  Examined,  Reports  and     Estimates    Furnished, 

Contracts  made,  etc. 
Office.  287  First  St.,       San  Francisco,  Oal. 


THE  RUSSELL  PROCESS  COMP'Y. 

TALCOTT  H.  RUSSELL,  Secretary, 
ITEW  HAVEN  CONZT. 

p.  O.  Box  498. 

TUBBS  CORDAGE  CO. 

(A  Corporation.) 

Constantly  on  hand  a  full  assortment  of  Manila  Rope, 
Duplex  Rope,  Tarred  ManilaBope.Hay  Rope,  Whale  Line, 
etc,  etc 

Extra  sizes  and  lengths  mide  to  order  on  short  notice, 

611  &  613  Front  St..  San  YranciBCO.  Csl. 

BUTTE,    MONTANA, 

The  railroad,  mining  and  commercial  center  of  the  new 
State,  offers  some  of  the  best  inducements,  for  invest- 
ments in 

Real  Estate,  Mines  &  Mining  Stock 

of  any  locality  jn  the  Nortnwest.  For  particulars  address 
THe  Kvans-Terry-ClauBsen  Brokerase  Oo., 
41  B.  Broadway,  Bucte.  Montana. 


ifAR.  1,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


159 


PARKE    &    LACY   COMPANY 

IMPORTERS    AND    MANUPACTUKBRS    OP 

MINING,    MILL    and    GENERAL     MACHINERY. 


ENGINES.  BOILERS,  STEAM  PUMPS, 

AIR  COMPRESSORS,  ROOK  DRILLS, 
WALL'S  CRUSHING  ROLLS, 

CONCENTRATORS,  PULVERIZERS, 
TURBINE  WATER  WHEELS, 

ROOK  BREAKERS,  DRY  JIGS. 

Bullock's  Diamond  Drills 

GOLDEN  GATE  CONCENTRATORS, 

GREftTEST  CAPACITY  OF  ANY   CONCENTRATOR  MADE, 
One  Machine  Taking  Pulp  from  10  Stamps. 


SAW    MILLS,    MACHINE    TOOLS, 
PLANING  MILLS,  INJECTORS  and  EJECTORS 
BELTING,  PACKING,  OILS,  LUBRICATORS, 
FIRE    EXTINGUISHERS, 
CENTRIFUGAL   PUMPS 
ROTARY  PUMPS,  GANG  EDGERS, 
CAMPBELL'S    STEAM    FEEDS, 
MILL    and    MINE    SUPPLIES. 


Crx:]Nrx;fi...3>.Xji    .A.GrijTV'na    x*ox«. 


WESTINGHOUSE    AUTOMATIC     ENGINES. 


SALES    DUBINQ    LAST    FOUR    MONTHS: 


UOMPOUJML),     B215  HORSE  POWER. 


STANDARD, 


99  ENGINES, 
4500  HORSE  POWER. 


UUJ.1I  X\J±\l,     4360  HORSE  POWER. 


G-rAXLcX    "Total,    309    Xlaxslueis.    .A.sS'rGsa,*±^*^B   Xa.S-yS    ZXorse    I». 


21  and  23  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


189  Clarence  St.,  Sydney,  N.  S.  W. 


NOTICE  TO  GOLD  MINERS!         justinian  caire, Agem 


IF'or   tS^J!Lr\niSrC3r   CSrOI-iID! 


521  &  523  Market  St.,  San  Francisco, 


Assayers'  and  MiDing  Material. 


-UANUFACTURKa    OP — 


IN   QUARTZ,  GRAVEL,  OR  PLACER  MINES.  MADE  OF  BEST  SOFT  LAKE      UPBRIOR  COPPER 

J^rr     H.3E3I>XTOE3I>     X>fLXO£3S. 

Our  plates  are  guaranteed,  and  by  actual  experience  are  proved,  the  be&u  hi  weight  of  Sil-    BATTERY  SCREENS  AND  WIRE  CLOftt 
ver  and  durability.     Old  Mining  Plates  Replated,  Bought,  or  Gold  Separated.     THOUSANDS 
OF    ORDERS    FILLED.  

SAN    FRANCISCO    NOVELTY,  GOLD,  SILVER    AND    NICKEL    PLATING  WORKS, 
1 08  and  112  First  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


^  SEND  FOR  CIRCDLAR3. 


Agent  for  EOSEINS' 
HTSBO-GARBON    ASSAY   FURNACES 


IMPORTANT  TO  GOLD  MINERS! 

SILVER-PLATED  AMALGAM  PLATES  for  SAVING  GOLD 

IN    QUARTZ,    GRAVEL    AND    PLACER    MINING. 
PRICES  GREATLY  REDUCED. 

Only  Kefined  Silver  and  Best  Copper  nsed,    Over  3000  Orders  filled.    Fifteen  Medals  Awarded.    Old  Mining  Plates  can   be 

Beplated.    Old  Plates  Boaght,  or  Qold  Separated, 

These  Plates  can  also  be  purchased  of  JOHN  TAYLOR  &  CO.,  Corner  First  and  Mission  Sts 

San  Francisco  Gold,  Silver  and  Nickel  Plating  Works,  653  &  655  Mission  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  E.  G.  Denniston,  Prop'r. 

Our  Plates  have  been  used  for  20  years.    They  have  proved  the  best.    We  adhere  strictly  to  contract  in  welsht  of  Silver  and 
OopDer.      SEND  FJB  CIRCnLAR. 


1E3L  TJ  iy^m:isrC3rT  o  jxr. 


MANUFACTURER    OP  - 


LL8, 


CENTRIFUGAL  ROLLER  QUARTZ 

Concentrators  and  Ore  Crushers, 
Mining  Maciiinery  of  Every  Description.        Steam  Engines  and  Shingle  IViactiines. 

SEND    FOR    CIRCULAR. 


Centrifagal  Boiler  Qnartz  Allll. 


2X3     X^XXt.S'X'      S'THJSS'JSS'r, 


S-i^lNT      JE'It..A.lSrdSC!<:>,      CA-Ij. 


PERFECT  PULLEYS 

First  Premium  Awarded  at  Mechanics'   Pair,    1884. 

Sole  LicenBed  Manufacturers  of  the 

MEDART    PATENT    WROUGHT    BIM    PITLIEY 

For  the  States  of  Califoroia,  Oreg^on  and  Nevada,  and  the  Territories  of  Idaho,  WaBbio^OD 

Uoutana,  Wyoming,  Utah  and  Arizona.      Lightest,  StrongOBt,  Cheapest  and 

Beat  Balanced  Pulley  in  the  World.     Alao  Manufacturers  of 

piT.  OCT.  26, 1881.         SHAFTING-,    HANGERS    AND    APPURTENANCES. 

tS'SvND  FOR  CiRoniiARa  AXD  Priob  List.*S1 
Nos.;i2g  and  ISI  FRBMONT  STBBET  SAN    PRANCISOO,  GAL 


H.  D.  MORRIS, 
220  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco, 

MAHnFACTDMS'  aM  PURCHASfflS  AGENT. 

Special  attentlc  given  to  purchase  of 

MINE  and  IVIILL  SUPPLIES. 


ADAMANTINE  SHOES  AND  DIES.— Quar- 
ftnteed  to  prove  better  and  cheaper  than  any  others. 
OrderB  solicited,  subject  to  above  conditions. 

H.  D.  MORRIS. 


80LB  AGENT  FOR 


AJtABKAHTSVOE. 


160 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Mar.  1,  1890 


PROVED    BELT    FRUE   ORE  CONCENTRATOR. 


The  Bast  Ore  Concentrator  in  the  market,  having  double 
the  Capacity  and  doing  its  work  as  close  as  the  plain  B^lt 
machine,  while  its  concentrations  are  clean.  It  is  need  in 
a  number  of  Mills,  the  most  notable  of  which  is  the 
Alaska  M.  &  M.  Go's  Mill,  where  24  Improved  Belt  Frues 
are  taking  the  Pnlp  from  120  Stamps,  crushing  350  tons 
per  day,  and  is  giving  entire  satisfaction  as  against  48 
plain  Belt  Machines,  taking  the  Pulp  from  the  other  120 
Stamps. 

♦ 

Price  of  Improved  Belt  Frue  Vanner,  $900,  f.  o.  b. 
Price  of  Plain  Beit   Frue  Vanner,  $575,  f.  o.  b. 


Protected  by  Patents  December  22, 1874;  September  2, 
1879;  April  27,  1880;  March  22,  1881;  February  20, 1883; 
September  18,  1883;  July  24,  1888.    Patents  applied  for. 


For  Pamphlets,  Testimonials  and   further  informati  o 
apply  at  ofUce, 


There  afe  Over  2200  Plain  Belt  Machines  now 
in  Use. 

Thb  Uontana  Cohpant  (Limited),  London,  October  8, 18S6. 
Dear  Sirs: — Having  tested  three  of  your  Frue  Vanners  in  a  com- 
petitive trial  with  other  similar  machint>a  (Triumph),  v/e  have  satisfied 
ourselves  of  the  superiority  of  your  Vanners,  as  is  evideocffd  by  the 
fact  of  our  havinir  ordered  20  more  of  your  mai^hinert  for  immediate 
delivery.     Yours  truly,         THE  MONTANA  COMPANY  (Limited). 

N.  B. — Sl'<ce  the  above  was  written  the  20  YannerB,  havinK  been 
started,  gave  such  satisfaction  that  44  additional  Frues  and  more 
stamps  have  been  purchased.  ADAMS    &    CARTER. 


ADAMS  &  CARTER,  Agents  FRUE  VANNING  MACHINE  i^v..,  Room  15.  No.  132  Market  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


CALIFORNIA    WIRE    WORKS 


:Eisrr.A.:^x^xszxx:x9  isss.     xpcrcoxiFozi.A.'rxixs  isss. 


MANUFACTURERS  OF 

Steel  Wire  Rope, 

OP  ALL  KINDS  FOR 

CABLE  RAILWAYS, 
ROPEWAYS  and  TRAMWAYS, 


<  f 


O.I — V:£^^^ 


Mining,  Shipping  &  General  Purposes.       f- 


WIRE. 

BARBED    WIRE, 
WIRE   NAILS, 

WIRE    CLOTH. 

Full  Aesortment  Always  In  Stock. 


OFFICE; 


9  Fremont  Street,  San  Francisco. 

Send  for  Illustrated  Cataloguer. 


hallidie's 
Patent  ^ire  Ropeway, 

For  the  Economical  and  Rapid 

Transportation    of   Ore 

and  other  material. 


Erected  by  Ua  During  the  Past  Fourteen  Years  In  Span3 

200  TO  2,000  FEET. 


Simple,  Ecoaomical  and  Durable. 


TKANSPORTATION  OP  ORE  BY  HAI.I.1SI£'S  PATENT  WIR£  ROPEWAY. 


HAVE   BEEN  THOROUGHLY  TESTED 
In  all  Parts  of  the  Country. 


DAVIDSON    STEAM    PUMPS. 

Risdon  Iron  and  Locomotive  Works, 


Boiler-Feed  Pumps, 
Tank  Pumps, 
Marine  Pumps, 
Wrecking  Pumps. 
Fire  Pumps, 
Brewery  Pumps, 
Mining  Pumps, 
Low    Pressure 

Pumps, 
Vertical  Pumps, 
Balanced    Hydraulic 

ANO 

Heavy  PressureValve. 


S.  E.  COR.  HOWARD  AND  BEALE  STS. 
San  Francisco. 


ISDON  IRON  WORKS  S.F.    CAL. 


'  j^'^P'^  -^^yy-a 


Sugar  House  Pumps, 
Railroad  Pumps. 
Vacuum  Pumps, 
Air  Pumps, 
Circulating  Pumps. 
Tannery  Pumps. 
Hydraulic  Pumps. 
Elevator  Pumps, 
Independent  Air 

Pump  and  Jet 

Condenser. 
Artesian  or  Deep 

Well  Pumps. 


The  Only  Steam  Pump  Made  that  can  be  run  at  High  Piston  Speed  without  Shock  and  wich  Safety  to  the   Machine.    Piston  Rods, 

StufQng-Boxes,  Valve  Seats,  Stems  and  Linings  of  Water  Cylinders  are  of  Best  Composition  Metal,  U.  S.  Standard. 
EVERY    PTJMP    THOBOTJGHLY    TESIED   BEFORE    LEAVING    FACTORY.  Sexxca.    for    Oa^t^losVLOS. 


Smelter  For  Sale  or  Exchange. 

One  50-fcon.  wrought  iron,  water-jacket  Smelting:  Fur- 
nace (36"x60"  at  the  tuyeres)  ot  the  latest  design,  wi  h 
CruBher,  Bl-^wer,  Boiler,  Pomps,  Eogines,  Tools,  and 
evervtbing  complete  for  immediate  deliverj',  and  only 
UE-ed  about  six  months.  Cheap  for  cawh,  or  will  exchange 
lor  interest  in  a  Lead-Silver  Uine,  or  erect  ia  any  mining 
camp  that  will  guarantee  a  certain  output.  For  furtber 
partunilaro  addieBS  Box  28,  Elkhom,  Montana, 


A.  T  JUewey 

W.  B.  E-VVER. 
Geo,  H.  Stkokg. 


iDewey  &  Co.'s  Scientific  Press  Patent  Agencyi'^^lser" 

Intbntors  on  che  Pacific  Coast  will  find  it  greatly  to  their  advantage  to  consult  this  old,  experienced.  first-clasB 
Agency.  We  have  able  and  trustworthy  Associates  and  Ageuts  in  Washinirton  and  the  capital  cities  of  the  principal 
nations  of  the  world.  In  connection  with  our  editorial,  scientific  and  Patent  Law  Library,  and  record  of  original 
cases  in  our  office,  we  have  other  advantages  far  beyond  those  which  can  be  ofEered  home  inventors  by  other  agencies 
thfi  information  accumulated  through  long  and  careful  practice  before  the  Office,  and  the  frequent  examination  of 
p  atents  already  cranted,  for  the  purpose  of  determining  the  patentability  of  inventions  brought  before  ua,  enables 
uS  often  to  give  advice  which  will  save  inventors  the  expense  of  applying  for  Patents  upon  Inventions  which  are  not 
n  ow.  Circulars  ot  advice  sent  free  on  receipt  of  postage.  Address  DEWET  ft  CO.,  Patent  Agents,  220  Market  St. ,  S.F. 


INVENTORS.      TAKE       NOTICE  I 

L.  petersonTmodel  maker, 

258  Market  St.,  N.  R  cor.  Front  (up  stairs).  San    Franoalco 
Ex  peri  mental  machinery  and  all  kinds  of  models    Tin 
and  braeswork.     AJl  communications  strictly  confiden- 
tio.l. 


FOR  ENGRAVINGS  ^.'e^S^ivS^^'^oo^ 

pany,  No.  320  Uuket  «txeeti  San  Frudsco. 


».'•••'•'•'.•  .1 


VOL.    LX.~  Number  10. 

DEWEY    &    CO..    PUBU8MERS. 


SAN    FRANCISCO,    SATURDAY,  MARCH  8,   1890. 


Tbree  Dollars  per  Annum. 
Singli!  Copies,  10  Cts. 


THE  ROTARY  STEAM  SNOW  SHOVEL— See  page  171. 


Eye  End  of  the  Lick  Telescope. 

Oae  of  the  great  objects  of  curiosity  to  those 
who  visit  California  is  the  Lick  telescope  on 
Mount  Hamilton,  which,  from  its  large  size,  hae 
become  famoas  tbrooghout  the  world.  The 
Bteel  tnbe  of  the  teleaoope  is  56  feet  long,  and 


Fz^l 


ENGINE     COMPRESSOR  RECEIVER 


maibp 


i 

.Itrpipc  f' 


the  entire  weight  of  the  mounting  is  65,000 
pounds.  The  eye  end  of  this  great  telescope, 
which  is  shown  in  the  engraving,  is  a  wondrous 
oombinatioD  of  intricate  and  delicate  mechan- 
ism. One  of  the  observers,  notwithstanding 
hia  familiarity,  says  that  when  observing  he 
can  never  get  rid  of  the  idea  that  he  is  seated 


H 


vh 


J      ir,    fh 


¥\  ^-  t 


/'/' 


Fig.Z 


nff.4: 


Firj.3 


pump 


POHLB'S   AIR-UFT   PyMP, 


THE    EYE-END    OP    THE    GREAT    LIOK    TBLESOOPB. 


in  the  cab  of  a  locomotive.  The  eye  end  is 
fitted  for  use  with  mlarometers,  speotroscopes, 
photometers,  gears  for  operating  the  mecban> 
ism,  etc.,  which  make  it  look  entirely  di£rerent 
from  an  ordinary  telescope.  In  faot,  the  large 
*'  6nder  "  mounted  on  top  is  as  big  as  some  ob- 
serving telescopes.  As  may  be  imagined,  no 
one  is  allowed  to  handle  this  instrument  ex- 
cept those  directly  In  charge. 


Pohle's  Air-Lift  Pump. 

Dr.  J.  G.  Pohle  of  this  city,  sometime  since, 
devised  a  peculiar  air-lift  pump  for  mines, 
water-works,  etc.,  and  a  aeries  of  teats  have 
been  made  with  it  by  Roas  E.  Browne  and 
Hana  C.  Behr,  jointly  with  P.  M.  Randall,  so 
as  to  determine  its  efGcienoy,  Messrs.  Browne 
and  Behr  read  a  paper  on  the  subject  at  the 
last  meeting  of  the  Technical  Society  of  the 
Pacifio  Coast,  from  which  we  make  extracts. 

The  sketch  (Fig.  1)  will  show  the  aimplicity 
of  the  pamp.  A  good  efBciency  having  been 
found,  and  the  apparatus  having  for  many  pur- 
poses very  apparent  advantages  over  the  forms 
of  pamp  in  common  nse,  it  is  thought  that  a 
record  of  the  tests  may  be  of  interest. 

The  pump  column  is  an  open  pipe  partly 
submerged  in  the  water  to  be  pumped.  A 
small  pipe  leading  from  an  air-receiver  to  the 
foot  of  and  a  abort  distance  into  the  pump  col- 
pipDi  delivers  oompresBed  [Mr,  wbiph  forme  in 


platon-like  layers,  and  rising  rapidly  in  the 
column,  does  the  work  of  pumping.  The 
water  la  discharged  in  alternate  layers  with  the 
air. 

The  apparatus  tested,  was  erected  without 
due  regard  to  best  dimeuaions,  and  it  ia  deemed 
proper  to  state  that  the  efficiencies  found 
oould  have  been  increased  by  a  few  simple  al- 
terations. Pipes  of  different  diameters  were 
not  provided,  and  the  experimenters  were  able 
to  change  only  the  length  of  the  pump  column, 
the  amounts  of  submersion  and  lift,  and  the 
preaaure  in  the  receiver,  hence  the  quantity  of 
air  supplied. 

The  diameter  of  the  pump  column  was  3 
inches,  of  the  air  pipe  0.9  inch,  and  of  the  air 
discharge  nozzle  g  inch.  The  air  pipe  had  four 
sharp  bends,  and  a  length  of  35  feet  plus  the 
extent  of  the  submersion.  The  water  was 
pumped  from  a  closed-pipe  well  {55  feet  deep 
and  10  inches  in  diameter)  and  was  discharged 
into  a  tank  and  delivered — over  a  quadrantal 
weir — back  to  the  well.  A  long  mercurial 
column  waa  connected  with  the  receiver  for 
the  purpose  of  obtaining  aoourate  measurement 
of  pressure. 

Two  methods  of  ascertaining  the  quantity  of 
air  delivered  to  the  pump  were  adopted.  By 
the  first  method,  the  cubic  contents  of  the  re- 
ceiver was  measured.  The  escape  cooks  from 
th^  receiver  were  closed  and  the  compressoi; 
(Conc?wrferf  on  page  168.) 


162 


Mining 'AND  Scientific  Press. 


[Mar.  8,  1890 


Superintendents. 


A  Mining  Trip  From  Yi-eka, 
land,  Oregon. 


Cal.,  to  Port- 


A  pBrUcue  trip  from  Yreka,  Oal,.  to  Portland, 
Oregon,  waa  undertaken  and  accompliehed  by 
A.  E.  Schwatka,  an  ancle  of  Lieutenant  Fred 
Schwatka  of  Arctic  exploration  fame,  during 
the  Btorme  which  have  recently  prevailed  in 
Northern  California.  The  Morning  Oregonian, 
Portland,  Oregon.  I'eb.  13bh,  Bays:  "A  good 
story  entitled  'Traveling  Under  I):ffioultiea  ' 
might  be  written  from  the  experiences  of  A.  E. 
Schwatka  (ancle  of  Lieutenant  Fred  Schwatka 
of  Arctic  exploration  fame),  who  left  Yreka, 
Cal.,  Jinuary  30  ;h,  for  Portland  to  meet  Col- 
onel John  W.  Drew,  manager  and  treasurer  of 
the  Rye  Valley  Mining  Co.  Mr.  Schwatka,  al- 
though well  along  in  years,  is  endowed  with 
the  characteristic  mountaineer  hardihood  and 
pluck,  and  he  traveled  over  one-third  of  the 
way  on  foot.  He  left  with  Colonel  Drew  last 
evening  for  the  mines,  where  he  goes  to  aasume 
the  duties  of  superintendent. 

*'  A  brief  account  of  his  trip  and  the  experi- 
ences of  himself  and  a  party  with  whom  he  fell 
in  at  Central  Point,  may  not  be  uninteresting 
to  the  public, 

•'  Mr.  Schwatka  left  Yreka  Thuraday,  Janu- 
ary 30th,  going  by  rail  as  far  as  Montague, where 
he  arrived  at  1  p.  m.  He  then  walked  to  Lairds, 
a  distance  of  11  miles,  remaining  there  over 
night.  Friday  morning  he  set  out  on  foot  for 
Hornbrook,  at  which  place  he  got  a  horse.  ^  He 
rode  to  the  Lower  Coles,  a  distance  of  12  miles, 
then  walked  three  miles  to  the  Upper  Coles, 
and  again  put  up  for  the  night.  The  snow  was 
from  two  to  three  feet  deep  and  walking  was 
rather  a  slow  mode  of  locomotion,  but  the  only 
one  available. 

'*  Saturday,  Feb.  Ist,  he  left  the  Upper  Coles 
with  a  guide  for  the  mouth  of  the  Siskiyou 
tunnel.  Having  gone  through  the  tunnel,  he 
took  another)  guide,  who  piloted  him  to  Del- 
larhides,  three  miles  this  way.  From  there 
he  walked  to  Major  Binnon'e  place,  four  miles 
farther,  wbsre  he  arrived  at  5  o'clock  in  the 
evening.  Ha  then  got  a  horse  and  buokboard 
and  made  Ashland,  a  distance  of  17  miles,  at  8 
o'clock. 

*'  In  crossing  the  Slskiyous,  he  had  to  hire  a 
man  to  break  paths  and  trails,  so  that  he  could 
walk.  It  was  snowing  very  hard  at  times,  and 
he  could  not  use  anowshoes. 

**  Sunday  noon,  Feb.  2ii,  he  left  Ashland  in  a 
buggy  and  reached  Central  Point  at  6  o'clock 
in  the  evening.  Here  the  water  was  so  high 
that  he  could  make  no  further  progress  and  he 
waa  obliged  to  remain  until  Tuesday  evening, 
Feb.  4th. 

"At  Central  Point,  Mr.  Schwatka  was  joined 
by  J.  W.  Winn,  Daniel  Sternberg  and  J.  E. 
Fenton. 

"  Tuesday  evening  the  part;  took  a  hand- 
car. They  had  gone  only  about  four  miles 
when  they  came  to  a  washout  nearly  300  feet 
in  length,  near  Yolo.  The  track  was  standing 
on  edge  and  they  bad  to  abandon  it.  They 
managed  to  get  their  car  over  the  washout,  and 
then  ran  three  miles  farther,  when  their  path 
was  again  blocked  by  a  landslide.  It  became 
necessary  to  abandon  the  car,  and  the  party 
walked  four  miles  farther  to  Gold  Hill,  where 
all  approaches  to  the  wagon  bridge  were  waehed 
away.  They  croEsed  on  the  railway  bridge, 
which  waa  in  good  condition,  and  from  there 
walked  to  Woodville,  a  diatance  of  nine  miles, 
where  they  arrived  at  2  o'clock  in  the 
morning. 

"Having  taken  a  little  rest  at  Dr.  Stanley's 
hostelry,  the  K^gue  River  House,  the  party  re- 
sumed the  journey  by  foot  about  7  o'clock  on 
the  morning  of  the  5th.  The  14  miles  between 
Woodville  and  Grant's  Pass,  where  they  ar- 
rived at  noon,  were  trudged  in  a  pelting  rain. 
Being  weary  and  footsore,  a  rest  of  six  hours 
was  taken,  and  then  the  party  proceeded  by 
handcar  to  Tunnel  No.  9,  a  distance  of  18 
miles.  They  then  walked  to  Lsland,  four 
miles,  arriving  there  at  1  o'clock  Thursday 
morning,  February  6bh.  Here  they  could  not 
obtain  any  kind  of  lodgings.  Even  the  section 
boss  refased  them  admittance  into  hia  bouse, 
and  they  were  obliged  to  pass  the  remainder  of 
the  night  in  an  old  dilapidated  oar  side-tracked 
there. 

*'  A  little  after  2  o'clock  in  the  morning  a 
feeling  of  emptiness  in  the  region  of  the 
Btomaoh  caused  them  to  continue  the  weary 
march.  After  walking  four  miles,  they  reached 
a  farm-house,  where  they  were  enabled  to  get 
something  to  eat. 

"At  this  point,  Sternberg  was  taken  sick 
from  over-exertion  and  exposure,  bat  would  not 
give  up,  and  he  Insisted  upon  oontinuing  the 
tramp  after  a  short  rest.  By  the  assistance  of 
bis  companions,  he  was  enabled  to  get  to  Glen* 
daio,  which  was  reached  at  12  o'clock  noon. 

"  The  party  remained  at  Glendale  overnight, 
and  the  next  morning,  having  been  increased 
by  the  arrival  of  G.  S.  Miller  of  Oawego,  who 
joined  them,  they  procured  saddle-horses  and 
made  Myrtle  creek,  30  miles,  by  7  o'clock  in 
the  evening.  They  remained  there  over  night, 
and  Saturday  morning,  February  8th,  all 
started  oat  on  foot.  They  reached  Roberta' 
hill,  a  diatance  of  16  miles,  at  3  o'clock  in  the 
afternoon,  and  here  found  a  construction  train, 
on  which  they  rode  as  far  as  Roseburg.  Re- 
maining there  over  night,  they  took  another 
construction  train  Sunday  morning,  and  rode 
as  far  as  Harrisburg  bridge.  Here  a  large 
washout  was  enoountered,  and  they  walked  to 
Harrisburg,  four  miles   away,  arriving  there  at 


5  o'clock  in  the  evening.  Three  hours  later 
they  took  a  handoar,  and  by  11  o'clock  they 
reached  Albany,  a  distance  of  28  miles.  Al- 
bany was  left  by  handcar  by  9  o'clock  Monday 
morning,  and  Salem  waa  reaohed  at  3  o'clock  in 
the  afternoon. 

"They  remained  at  Salem  over  night,  arid 
the  next  morning  crossed  the  Willamette  in 
skiffa.  Dsrry  waa  reached  by  wagon,  and  at 
this  point  the  weary  travelers  were  taken  on 
board  of.  a  train.  They  all  arrived  at  6  o'clock 
Tuesday  evening,  and  yesterday  spent  the  day 
in  sweet  rest.  Mr.  Schwatka  was  on  the  road 
13  days. 

"Mr.  Schwatka  made  the  entire  trip  with  no 
load  beyond  the  clothes  on  his  back.  Stern- 
berg carried  about  50  pounds  of  sample  cases 
from  Medford,  and  Winn  and  Fenton  each 
started  out  with  about  20  pounds,  Sternberg 
discarded  half  of  his  load  at  Woodville. 

"  The  wagon-road  between  Canyonville  and 
Glendale  was  blockaded  -  with  several  large 
alidea  and  trees  which  had  been  washed  down, 
and  the  party  was  obliged  to  go  around  the 
mountains.  For  a  diatance  of  three  miles  the 
snow  was  knee-deep. 

"The  waters  of  Canyon  creek  were  running 
like  a  mountain  torrent,  and  the  party  fonnd  it 
a  little  hazardous  crossing.  The  horaea  ridden 
by  Miller  and  Sternberg  stumbled  onoe  or 
twice  and  nearly  precipitated  their  ridera  into 
the  muddy  water. 

"Near  Myrtle oreek  the  party  had  to  croas 
a  trestle  bridge,  nearly  half  a  mile  in  length,  in 
the  night.  It  was  ao  dark  that  Schwatka 
miased  bis  footing  and  he  only  saved  himself 
by  holding  out  his  arms.  After  he  extricated 
himself  he  concluded  that  crawling  along  on 
hands  and  knees  was  the  safer  method  of  loco- 
motion. He  did  crawl,  and  he  crawled  nearly 
50  feet  on  terra  firma,  his  hard-hearted  travel-, 
ing  companions  having  failed  to  notify  him 
that  the  bridge  was  passed.  The  next  day 
Winn  fell  on  a  trestle  bridge  and  sucoeeded  in 
taking  off  three  or  four  tqaare  inches  of  skin 
from  the  left  leg. 

"  On  the  night  of  the  7th,  Miller  fell  into  a 
hole,  which  was  covered  over  with  water,  and 
ran  a  nail  through  the  palm  of  hia  hand.  He 
pulled  the  nail  out,  wrapped  the  hand  up  and 
pluckily  continued  the  journey. 

"  The  railway  men  all  along  the  line  were 
very  oourteoua  and  obliging,  asaiating  the  trav- 
elera  whenever  it  lay  in  their  power  to  do  so. 
There  was  one  exception,  however.  The  sec- 
tion boaa  at  Lsland  even  refased  to  open  his 
door  to  the  strangers." 

The  facta  initiatory  of  the  undertaking  of 
this  trip  by  Mr.  Schwatka  are  briefly  and 
simply  these  :  Col.  John  W.  Drew,  manager  of 
the  Rye  Valley  Hydraulic  Mining  Go.  of  Rye 
Valley,  Oregon,  visited  San  Francisco  daring 
January  last  past  with  the  purpose  of  securing 
the  services  of  some  competent  hydranlio  miner 
to  aupeivlse  the  operations  of  the  placer  mines 
under  his  management.  From  teatimonials 
which  were  furnished  to  him  by  the  Joahua 
Hendy  Machine  Worka  of  this  city,  who  make 
a  specialty  of  furnishing  hydraulic  mining  ma- 
chinery, communication  by  wire  was  had  with 
Mr.  Schwatka,  who  waa  at  Yreka  (railway  com- 
munication being  entirely  suapeuded  between 
San  Francisco  and  that  place),  and  arrange- 
ments were  perfected  by  which  Col.  Drew  left 
here  by  ateamer  for  Portland,  aodMr.  Schwatka 
undertook  the  trip,  as  beat  he  might,  from 
Yreka  overland  to  meet  that  gentleman  at 
Portland.  The  incidenta  of  the  trip  are  given 
above,  and  they  bring  back  reminiscencea  of  the 
daya  gone  by  in  the  years  of  '49,  when  the 
hardy  men  of  California  dared,  without  a  care, 
to  brave  the  sweltering  heats  of  mountain  fast- 
nesses in  snmmer  or  their  avalanches  of  snow  in 
winter. 

Mr.  Schwatka  has  been  for  many  years  a 
resident  of  Siskiyou  county,  well  and  favorably 
known,  and  his  heroic  accomplishment  of  this 
journey  proves  that  blood  is  blood;  that  the 
nerve  and  vigor  displayed  by  Lieut.  Fred 
Schwatka  in  his  Arctic  explorations  came  from 
his  lineage;  that  he  was  born  of  a  race  of  hardy, 
adventurous  men. 


Gold  Nuggets. 

Advices  from  Charlotte,  N.  0..  state  that  a 
gold  jnugget,  weighing  50  pounds,  has  been 
found  in  ^e  Tete  Saunders  mine  in  the  Uwarle 
valley,  Montgomery  county.  The  mine  ia  prac- 
tically the  property  of  Senator  John  C. 
Spooner  of  Wisoonain  and  Senator  George 
Hearst  of  California,  who  have  an  option  on 
the  property.  The  two  senators  visited  the 
mine  with  mining  experts,  and  made  a  thorough 
examination  of  the  property.  They  left  Dr. 
Riotte  of  New  York  in  charge,  and  he  immedi- 
ately began  operations.  After  working  nearly 
two  weeks  in  prospecting,  he  struck  the  nugget 
at  a  depth  of  about  16  feet  from  the  surface. 
The  nugget  is  14  inches  in  length.  6  inches  in 
width  and  3  inches  in  thickness. 

The  following  account  of  nuggets  found  in 
California  has  appeared  in  print,  but  we  do  not 
know  its  original  source  : 

A  nugget  weighing  266  ounces  and  valued  at 
S5000  was  found  at  Minnesota,  Sierra  county. 

A  gold  nugget  waa  found,  date  not  given, 
near  Kelaey,  El  Dorado  county,  which  sold  for 


the  year,  and  there  are  now  140  namea  on  the 
pay-rolls.  The  intention  ia  to  keep  two  fur- 
naces running  steadily.  A  new  water-jacket 
has  just  been  received  from  Frazer  &  Chalmers, 
giving  the  company  a  plant  of  three  good  fur- 
naces. 

A  large  amount  of  work  is  projected  for  the 
current  seaaon.  the  moat  important  of  which  ia 
the  further  sinking  of  the  main.  Interloper 
shaft,  begun  laat  Thuraday,  and.the  opening  of 
a  7th  level,  which  will  be  dene  aa  rapidly  as 
possible.  Two  new  cages  have  been  placed  in 
the  abaft  and  two  sinking  pumps. 

The  sucoess  attained  by  the  Old  Dominion 
Copper  Oo.  during  the  past  seaaon  waa  due  in  a 
great  measare  to  the  intelligent  mansgementof 
Supt.  A.  L.  Walker  and  hia  assistants,  N.  S. 
Berray,  foreman  of  the  mine,  and  J.  H.  Cana* 
van.  in  charge  of  the  smelter.  Their  long 
service  with  the  company  baa  given  them  that 
practical  knowledge  of  the  busineaa  in  its  every 
detail,  ao  neoeasary  to  auoce^a. 


Utah  Ozocerite. 


A  Railroad  Across  Siberia  ia  to  be  con- 
structed by  the  Raasian  Government,  and  Gen, 
Annenkoff  caloulatea  that  within  five  yeara 
through  traina  can  be  run  between  the  Baltic 
and  the  PaciSc.  The  eastern  terminua  of  the 
line  will  be  Vjadivoatok.  The  development 
of  the  valley  of  the  Amoor,  and  the  diveraion 
to  RuBsia  of  trafiS^o  which  now  crosses  the 
Pacific  or  paasea  through  the  Suez  canal,  are 
among  the  chief  gains  expected  from  the  Trans* 
Siberian  railway. 


Placers. — The  northern  portion  of  Montana 
ia  excited  over  the  unexpected  discoveries  of 
placer  gold  quartz  and  silver  and  lead  in  the 
mountain  apurs  and  hills  of  the  great  reaerva- 
tion,  as  well  as  in  the  belt  of  mountains.  Oje 
mine  near  Maiden  is  crushing  enough  rook 
with  a  2D-8tamp  mill  to  turn  out  every  month 
$100,000  in  bullion. 

A  NEW  borax  deposit  was  found  recently  20 
miles  from  Independence,  Inyo  Co.  The  lucky 
finders  took  260  tons  from  leas  than  three  acres 
of  the  marah. 


The  Lompoc  Hecord  aaya  one  company  of 
beach  minora  took  out  $1500  worth  of  fine 
gold  in  two  weeka  recently. 


Postage. — There  are  only  nine  Sta-tes  in 
the  Union  where  the  postal  receipts  exceed  the 
expenditures. 


in  1854,  a  mass  of  gold  weighing  360  ounces, 
and  valued  at  $6625,  was  found  at  Oolumbua, 
Tuolumne  county. 

In  the  year  1867,  at  Pilot  Hill,  El  Dorado 
county,  a  bowlder  of  gold  qaartz  waa  found, 
which  yielded  in  gold  $8000. 

Iq  1849,  a  nragget  was  found  at  Sullivan's 
Creek.  Tuolumne  county,  that  weighed  28 
pounds  avoirdupois. 

In  1850,  a  piece  of  gold  quartz  was  found  in 
French  ravine.  Sierra  county,  which  contained 
263  ounces  of  gold,  worth  $4893. 

A  Mr,  Virgin  and  others  found  a  nugget  on 
Gold  Hill,  Tuolumne  county,  which  weighed 
380  ounces,  and  was  valued  at  aboat  $6500. 

In  1876,  J.  D.  Colgrove  of  Dotch  Fiat,  Placer 
county,  found  a  white  quartz  bowlder  in  the 
Polar  Star  hydraulic  mine  which  contained 
S5760  worth  of  gold. 

In  November,  1S54,  a  maaa  of  gold  was  found 
at  Carson  Hill,  Calaveras  county,  which 
weighed  195  pounds  troy.  Thia  ia  the  largest 
piece  of  gold  ever  found  in  the  State. 

On  the  4th  day  of  Aaguat,  1858,  Ira  A.  Wil- 
lard  found  on  the  weat  coast  of  Feather  river  a 
nugget  weighing  54  pounds  avoirdupois  before 
and  49^  pounds  after  melting. 

In  1856,  at  French  Ravine,  Sierra  county,  a 
nugget  was  fonnd  which  contained  consider- 
able quartz,  but  yielded  $10,000,  while  another 
waa  found  at  an  earlier  date  in  1851,  the  gold 
from  which  was  valued  at  $8000- 

A  Mr.  Strain  found  a  large  slab-ahaped  gold 
quartz  nugget  near  Knapp  ranch,  half  a  mile 
east  of  Columbia,  Tuolumne  county,  which 
weighed  50  pounds  avoirdupois.  After  crush- 
ing and  melting,  the  gold  was  valued  at  $8500. 

A  nugget  of  pure  gold  was  found  in  the  mid- 
dle fork  of  the  American  river,  two  miles  from 
Michigan  Bluff,  in  the  year  1864.  which  weighed 
226  ounces,  and  was  sold  for  $4204.  Another 
account- of  this  nugget  atatea  that  the  weight 
was  187  ounces. 

The  firat  nugget  of  any  great  importance, 
and  which  played  a  prominent  part  in  the  early 
history  of  California,  waa  found  by  a  young 
soldier  of  Stevenson's  regiment,  in  the  Mokel- 
umne  river,  while  drinking  from  that  stream. 
It  weighed  between  20  and  25  pounds. 

A  Frenchman  fonnd  a  nugget  of  gold  in 
Spring  gulch,  C3lumbia,  Tuolumne  county, 
which  was  nearly  pure  gold,  being  worth  more 
than  $5000.  The  finder  became  insane  the 
next  day  and  waa  aent  to  Stockton.  The 
French  consul  recovered  the  nugget,  realized 
ita  value,  and  aent  the  money  to  the  finder's 
family  in  France. 

Tiie    Old   Dominion  .  Copper  Company. 

The  Globe  Silver  Belt  (Arizona)  says:  There 
ia  a  vague  idea  abroad  that  we  have  a  big  cop- 
per mine  up  here  in  thia  dimple  of  the  mount- 
ain, but  ita  real  magnitude  and  value  ia  not 
fully  realized,  owing  to  the  remoteneas  of  Globe 
from  the  beaten  paths  of  travel,  and  also  for 
the  reason  that  the  owners  of  the  property,  the 
Old  Dominion  Copper  Co.,  and  their  local  rep- 
resentative, have  been  conservative  in  the  mat- 
ter of  giving  information  in  regard  to  their  op- 
erationa.  Knowing  that  the  year  1889  waa 
among  the  most  prosperoua  in  the  history  of 
the  Globe  mine,  we  were  prompted  to  apply  to 
Supt.  A.  L.  Walker  for  exact  data,  which  he 
has  kindly  furnished.  From  him  we  learn  that 
during  the  year  there  waa  smelted  in  the  com- 
pany's furnaces  18,574  tons  of  ore,  and  4159 
tons  of  limestone  flux  was  used.  The  amount 
of  coke  (domestic)  consumed  waa  6  091,410 
pounds,  and  of  bullion  produced,  5,915,510 
pounde,  .985  fine  in  copper.  Thuaitwillbe 
seen  that  the  consumption  of  coke  (no  English 
coke  being  uaed)  and  output  of  metal  was  al- 
most equal,  pound  for  pound.  The  copper  pro- 
duced, too,  waa  of  an  excellent  quality,  second 
only  to  Lake,  and  the  superiority  of  the  latter 
ia  so  alight  aa  not  to  justify  the  difference  ex- 
isting in  price  between  the  two  branda.  We 
did  not  aacertain  the  exact  cost  of  bullion,  but 
underatand  that  last  year  it  was  lower  than 
ever  before  and  ao  small  as  to  demonatrate  the 
ability  of  the  Old  Dominion  Copper  Co.  to  com- 
nete  with  any  other  producer  of  copper  in  the 
United  States.  . 

The  force  of  employes  was  increased  oaring 


Daring  the  year  1889  the  product  of  ozo' 
cerite,  or  *' mineral  wax,"  from  the  Utah  mineB> 
waa  approximately  130,000  pounds,  as  compared, 
with  65,000  pounds  in  1888.  The  deposit,, 
which  covers  5000  acres,  has  been  bought  by  a 
New  York  company.  The  attention  of  pros- 
pecting miners  was  firat  attracted  to  thigi 
curioua  mineral  in  Ubfth  by  aeeiog  the  Ute  In- 
diana making  use  of  it  in  the  construction  of 
torches.  For  this  nee  they  wound  the  wax 
round  a  central  core  oonsiating  of  aeveral  long 
reeds  or  stalks  of  cane  grass,  which  served  aa  a 
wick.  With  a  candle  of  thia  kind,  two  feet  in 
length,  the  Indiana  were  able  to  travel  aeveral 
mileain  the  night-time.  The  miners,  from  this 
hint,  manufaotared  candles  for  use  !□ 
their  cabins,  improving  upon  the  Indian 
article  by  using  strips  of  cotton  cloth  for 
wioking. 

The  Utah  deposit  promises  to  become  of  great 
value,  as  Eagliah  capitalists  have  absorbed  the 
Galaoian  ozocerite*field  and  raised  the  price  of 
the  article.  It  is  useful  in  the  <induatriea  and 
arts.  Recently  it  has  been  diacovered  that 
ozocerite  ia  the  best  insulating  material  known 
for  the  uae  of  electricians. 

Thomas  Parker  of  this  city,  aaya  the  Virginia 
Enterprise,  who  proapected  extensively  in  Utah 
in  the  early  days,  says  he  might  to'day  be 
owner  of  the  whole  ozocerite-Seldhad  he  known 
its  value.  He  says  that  he  then.  In  common 
with  the  other  miners  in  that  region,  thought 
the  "stuff'"  to  be  merely  dried  and  waxy 
petroleum  ooze,  and  that  probably  at  depth 
there  were  below  it  large  fountains  of   coal  oil. 

Mr.  Parker  relates  that  on  one  occasion  some 
miners  one  night  set  fire  to  the  ozocerite  at  a 
place  where  great  quantities  of  the  substance 
cropped  out  from  the  seams  in  the  alaty  rock  on 
the  side  of  a  hill.  The  fiimes  spread  rapidly, 
and  soon  there  was  seen  pouring  down  from  the 
hillside  a  torrent  of  melted  wax.  forming  a 
grand  cascade  of  fire. 

The  men  were  for  a  time  afraid  they  had  set 
the  world  on  fire,  and  made  a  rapid  retreat  tp  a 
safe  place  on  an  opposite  hill,  whence  they 
viewed  in  awe  the  grand  speotacle — a  veritable 
Niagara  of  fire. 

The  next  morning  the  fire  waa  out,  it  having 
burned  down  into  the  interatices  of  the  rock 
only  a  short  distance.  Mr.  Parker  is  of  the 
opinion  that  in  thia  "miners'  freak"  there  was 
destroyed  not  less  than  $50,000  worth  of 
ozocerite,  aa  in  placea  on  the  steep  side  of  the 
hill  it  had  accumulated  in  large  corrugated 
beds,  some  of  which  were  a  yard  in  thickness. 
He  says  that  there  waa  at  that  point  more  of 
the  wax  in  aight  than  anywhere  else  in  the 
country  previous  to  the  experiment  of  firing  it. 
but  the  next  day  little  was  to  be  Been  except 
scorched  and  blackened  rooks. 


Mineral  Substance  Found  in  Drain- 
EoxES. — A  piece  of  sediment  was  recently 
taken  from  a  drain-box  in  a  tunnel  in  the  Over- 
man mine  that  is  the  exact  shape  of  the  box  in 
which  It  was  found,  with  all  aides  of  eqaal 
thickness  and  aa  hard  as  stone.  The  specimen 
reaemblea  porphyry  in  color,  and  is  as  hard  aa 
the  hardeat  variety  of  that  material.  The  sedi- 
ment hardened  after  the  flow  of  water  in  the 
drain-boxes  ceased,  and  ia  the  product  of  the 
mineral  aubstances  contained  in  the  water.  An 
aaeay  of  the  specimen  showed  that  it  carried 
both  gold  and  silver,  the  latter  metal  predom- 
inating. In  all  underground  drain-boxes  in  old 
tunnels  In  Comatock  mines  the  above-deacribed 
sediment  ia  found,  but  thia  is  the  most  perfect 
specimen  yet  exhibited, — Virginia  Chronicle. 

Swallow* Tails  fob  Miners. — The  wealthy 
Japanese  owner  of  the  Wakeko  copper  mine, 
Japan,  is  about  to  celebrate  in  a  rather  peculiar 
manner  the  200th  anniversary  of  the  mine  com- 
ing into  the  possession  of  hia  family,  says  the 
Japan  Oazette.  The  celebration  takea  place 
about  the  beginning  of  March,  and  on  that  oc- 
casion each  of  his  300  or  more  employee  will 
receive  as  a  memento  of  the  occasion  a  swallow- 
tail coat.  The  fortunes  of  Mr.  Sumitomo's 
family  were  retrieved  some  years  ago  by 
the  mine  in  question,  when  they  were  on  the 
decline. 

Mine  Timbering, — A  recent  experiment  to 
aacertain  the  difference  in  cost  of  timbering  a 
shaft  with  cribbing  or  square  sots  demonstrated 
that  the  latter  ayatem  consumed  115  feet  less 
of  lumber  than  by  cribbing  for  each  square  aet. 
—  Virginia  Chronicle, 


Mar.  8,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


lt)3 


The  Supreme    Court    of    the    United 
States. 

AmODgtbe  many  oecteoDial  SDoiversAriea  in 
thU  oouDtry,  cooe  were  more  impreaaive  than 
the  oae  reoeotly  oo  mm  erne  rati  ve  of  the  oenten- 
nial  birth  of  the  Supreme  Ooart  of  the  Uoited 
Stakes.  Kx  Prestdeat  Clevelaud  presided, 
opoolDg  the  meeting  with  a  very  felioitoai 
specoh.  The  Important  part  thii  tribonal  haB 
taken  in  the  hiBtory  of  our  onuntry  was  duly 
■et  forth  and  landed  by  several  diatingnifihed 
speakers. 

Id  the  onrrent  oomber  of  the  Forum  is  a 
notable  article  on  the  power  of  thla  tribunal 
tbat  is  well  worthy  of  serious  study.  There 
are  few  outside  of  the  legal  profession  that  are 
aware  of  its  unique  and  tremendous  power. 
There  is  nothing  like  it  in  the  judicial  system 
of  the  world.  In  the  most  deBpotio  lands 
there  is  no  court  that  has  the  power  to  make 
or  unmake  oonstitutional  law,  limit  the  pre- 
rogatives of  the  sovereign  and  oootrol  legiela- 
tion.  The  form  of  the  government  in  this 
oonrt  is  as  olay  in  the  hands  of  the  potter.  Id 
the  language  of  this  writer,  **It  has  power 
above  that  of  the  chief  magistrate  of  '  the 
nation,  superior  to  that  of  OongresB,  higher 
than  that  of  any  State  and  equaled  only  by 
that  which  made  or  can  amend  the  CoDstito- 
tioD.  It  can  enlarge  or  limit  the  prerogatiTes 
of  the  President  or  the  power  of  Congress.  It 
can  change  the  relations  between  the  States 
and  the  nation.  It  can  extend  or  reatrsin  the 
central  power  or  State  sovereignty.  In  mat- 
ters of  federal  concern,  it  can  fix  the  bounds  of 
the  executive  or  the  legislative  authority  of 
any  Statt;,  Federal  courts,  and  on  national 
issues.  State  conrte  are  ruled  by  its  decrees, 
In  short,  it  can  make  or  unmake  the  constitu- 
tional law  of  the  conntry.  It  can  introduce 
radical  ohanges  in  oar  form  of  government. 
Not  only  can  the  Supreme  Court  wield  these 
vast  powers;  it  baa  long  done  so,  ahd  may  con- 
tinue to  do  BO." 

This  is  a  fearful  Investiture  of  power,  and 
there  seems  to  be  no  help  for  it.  The  Constitu- 
tion is  the  supreme  law  of  the  land?  It  is  a 
scheme  of  government.  It  enumerates  certain 
powers  with  their  limits.  Thia  is  not  done  in 
language  so  exact  that  there  is  no  chance  for 
mistakes,  no  room  for  difference  of  opinione. 
The  production  of  snch  an  instrument  would 
have  been  beyond  human  foresight  and  wisdom. 
The  Constitution  has  never  been  free  from 
doabt,  nor  ever  will  be.  Grave  queatloDs  are 
ever  coming  up  that  must  be  decided.  When 
there  are  antagonistic  views,  who  will  decide  ? 
Are  the  prerogatives  of  the  President  to  be 
fixed  by  the  President  ?  Has  Congress  the 
right  to  oonBtrue  the  Constitation  for  itself  ? 
No  doubt  of  it,  unless  the  power  is  lodged  else- 
where ;  but  it  is  lodged  elsewhere.  Under  our 
system  the  Supreme  Court  is  made  the  inter- 
preter of  the  Constitution.  Its  deliverances  are 
binding  on  the  executive,  the  legislative  de- 
partment and  01^  every  State  government.  Its 
decrees  are  part  of  the  supreme  law,  a  part  of 
the  Constitution.  What  Is  the  Constitation? 
Just  what  the  Supreme  Court  declares  It  to  be. 

Then  whatever  judgment  this  tribunal  ren- 
ders is  final.  There  is  no  appeal  only  to  the 
court  itself  or  the  power  that  can  amend  the 
Constitution.  It  may  overrule  its  own  decisions. 
It  may  change  to-morrow  the  opinion  of  to-day. 
It  has  often  done  so,  but  the  President,  Con- 
gress, no  State  can  reverse  or  modify  its  de- 
crees. 

And  this  vast  power  may  be  wielded  by  five 
moD,  and  sometimes  even  a  smaller  number. 
Four  hundred  representatives  of  the  people  in 
the  House  and  Senate  may  enact  a  law,  the 
President  may  approve  of  it,  the  people  de- 
mand it,  but  five  men  in  black  robes,  sitting  in 
a  small  room  of  the  Capitol  at  Washington, 
may  quietly  set  it  aside.  Three-fourths  of  the 
States  and  two-thirds  of  Congress  may  graft 
upon  the  Constitution  a  measure  they  deem  of 
importance,  and  five  judges  may  declare  it 
void. 

It  is  true  these  men  are  under  solemn  oath 
to  expound  the  Constitution.  But  they  are 
men  with  like  passions  and  partisan  ideas  as 
other  men.  They  are  human  and  often  swayed 
by  popular  prtjudices  and  convictions.  They 
have  no  sounaer  judgment  when  they  put  on 
the  ermine  than  oefore.  The  Dred  Soott  de- 
cision was  the  embodiment  of  the  slavenolders* 
views  of  the  Constitution,  but  ten  years  later 
the  court  with  a  new  personnel  changed  the 
whole  aspect  of  public  aflFairs.  The  Constitu- 
tion was  the  same  in  1867  that  it  was  in  1857, 
but  the  difference  was  in  the  views  of  the 
oonrt.  The  hundred  and  thirty  odd  volumes 
of  the  reports  of  the  decision  of  this  court 
abound  with  coufiicting  opinions.  It  is  a 
ohaoa  that  even  the  genius  of  Judge  Story 
failed  to  reduce  to  order.  In  bnndreds  of 
cases,  as  in  the  construction  of  the  Fourteenth 
Amendment  or  the  legal  tender  Act,  this  court 
has  rendered  decisions  on  both  sides  of  the 
case,  and  in  one  instance,  at  least,  must  have 
been  wrong. 

And  this  body,  with  these  surprising  powers, 
is  appointed  by  the  President  with  the  approval 
of  the  Senate,  and  onpe  in  office  these  men  are 
beyond  the  control  of  the  President  or  Con- 
gress, beyond  even  the  control  of  the  people, 
for  they  are  appointed  for  life  or  good  behavior, 
and  can  only  be  removed  by  impeachment  or 
the  power  that  made  the  Constitution.  They 
may  retire  at  70  years  of  age,  with  a  oontinn- 


ance  of  salary,  but  are  not  required  to  do  so. 
Congress  may  make  a  law  increasing  the  num- 
ber of  these  judges,  bat  cannot  redaoa  their 
number. 

flow  it  Works. 

All  legislation  ib  experimental.  We  have  a 
great  many  fine  theories  that  look  well  on 
paper,  whloh  when  taken  out  Into  the  field  fall 
to  work.  They  are  not  adapted  to  the  soil  or 
climate,  and  have  to  be  thrown  into  a  fence- 
corner.  We  have  been  told,  by  oertain  politi- 
cians, that  the  Australian  ballot  might  work 
very  well  in  Australia  and  other  countries,  but 
it  is  not  adapted  to  a  democratic  form  of  gov- 
ernment. Well,  it  is  a  rough  old  saying  that 
the  proof  of  the  pudding  is  in  the  eating,  and 
we  may  settle  this  question  in  the  light  of  ex- 
perience. 

The  Massachusetts  Legislature  in  ISSS  passed 
the  Australian  ballot  reform  without  any  es- 
sential modifications,  and  the  law  went  into 
operation  at  the  last  November  election.  No 
expense  was  spared  to  give  the  system  a  fair 
trial,  and  the  result  has  been  eminently  satis- 
factory. The  chief  ditficnity  was  apprehended 
in  large  cities,  but  in  Boston,  where  many  pre- 
dicted a  failure,  the  result  was  a  general  sur- 
prise. The  oity  was  divided  into  2S6  voting 
precincts,  with  an  average  of  176  votes  cast  at 
each  on  election  day.  The  average  time  re- 
quired by  each  voter  was  about  two  minutes, 
und  with  the  ample  accommodation  afiforded, 
the  polls  ooold  have  been  olosed  within  two 
hcure,  if  all  the  voters  had  promptly  been  at 
their  respective  precincts  at  7  o'clock  in  the 
morning.  It  is  the  uniform  testimony  that  at 
no  time  of  the  day  bad  any  voter  to  wait.  The 
expense  was  less  than  under  the  old  system. 

One  of  the  advantages,  it  was  noticed,  of  the 
State's  assuming  the  expense  of  printing  and 
distributing  the  ballot,  was  the  increase  in  the 
number  of  independent  candidates,  many  of 
whom  were  victorious  over  the  regular 
partisan  nominees.  This  tendency  to  inde- 
pendent action  will  more  and  more  assert 
itself  as  time  goes  on  and  people  break 
from  the  thralldom  of  the  political  yoke,  and 
surely  this  is  some  good.  That  this  method  of 
voting  will  check  bribery  and  tend  greatly  to 
the  reduction  of  the  depravity  and  corruption 
incidental  to  voting,  seems  to  be  the  opinion 
of  the  best  statesmanship  of  the  country,  irre- 
spective of  party. 

Governor  Campbell  of  Ohio,  in  his  message 
on  the  subject,  apprehends  an  evil  of  as  great 
a  magnituae  as  direct  bribery,  namely,  the  re- 
fusal of  voters  to  vote  for  their  own  party  unless 
hired  to  go  to  the  polls.  He  suggests  this  diffi  . 
oulty  may  be  reached  by  a  compulsory  election 
law  with  severe  penalties.  But  public  opinion 
would  hardly  tolerate  the  enforcement  of  such 
a  law.  It  strikes  us  this  evil  is  largely  imagi- 
nary. The  real  crime  against  free  government 
is  not  in  refusing  to  vote,  but  in  trying  to  be 
paid  for  doing  one's  duty  as  a  citizen.  Ib  may 
not  be  found  impossible  to  provide  permanent 
disfranchisement  as  a  penalty  for  taking  a 
bribe  or  seeking  to  be  hired,  and  that  particular 
penalty  the  workers  of  either  party  could  so 
effectively  enforce  that  not  many  voters  would 
consent  to  put  themselves  in  the  power  of  the 
workers. 

At  any  rate,  let  us  see  to  it  that  '*  the  politi- 
cal bosses  must  go  "  by  this  or  some  other  law, 
and  that  soon. 


Cleaning  Oil  Barbels. — The  question  is 
asked  if  coal-oil  barrels  can  be  cleaned  for  meat. 
A  friendly  farmer  writes  :  "I  have  used  them 
for  15  years  with  perfect  success.  Knock  out 
the  head,  set  fire  to  a  piece  of  paper,  and  put  it 
in  the  barrel.  The  fire  will  burn  with  a  loud 
roar.  Roll  the  barrel  around  so  it  will  burn 
out  even,  and  when  it  Is  burned  one-eighth  of 
an  inch  deep,  end  the  barrel  up  on  the  open 
end;  the  fire  is  instantly  quenched.  If  it  is  not 
charcoaled  one-eighth  of  an  inch  deep,  turn  in 
about  a  pint  of  coal  oil,  roll  around  until  it  is 
spread  all  over  the  inside,  then  fire  again. 
Scrape  off  most  of  the  charcoal  and  wash  it  out. 
It  is  not  necessary  to  burn  over  one-eighth 
inch  deep.  I  will  guarantee  there  will  never 
be  the  slightest  taste  of  coal  oil  in  the  meat. 
I  have  used  these  barrels  for  ham,  pork,  beef, 
lard  and  honey.  Old  musty  or  tainted  barrels 
I  treat  in  the  same  way  by  using  a  pint  or  so 
of  oil.  Have  treated  linseed  oil  barrels  the 
same  way." 

The  Under  Worll. — Under  the  most  in- 
tense chemical  rays  of  the  spectrum  ants  are 
thrown  into  most  violent  perturbation,  while 
they  go  quietly  about  their  business  under  the 
color-rays.  A  pistol-shot  over  their  heads 
causes  them  not  the  least  disturbance  except 
that  which  is  occasioned  by  the  mechanical 
jirring  of  the  earth  and  air;  sound,  plainly,  is 
not  to  them  what  it  is  to  ua.  It  is  not  their 
minuteness  that  gives  ants  another  world  than 
ours,  but  the  construction  of  their  sense  organs. 

Fuel  Gas  Plants  have  become  quite  numer- 
ous during  the  past  year,  and  when  the  statia- 
tlcs  of  the  present  year  have  been  gathered 
in,  It  will  be  a  surprise  to  most  people.  Fuel 
gas  is  no  more  a  problem,  save  as  to  the  rela- 
tive merits  of  the  various  processes. 


The  U.  S.  Senate  has  passed  the  following 
bills  :  Increasing  the  limit  of  cost  for  public 
buildings  as  follows  :  San  Francisco,  to  $800,- 
000;  Ssicramento,  $300,000;  and  making  an  ap- 
propriation for  public  buildings  at  Los  Angeles 
of  an  additional  $370,000. 


Silver  Coinage. 

The  Silver  Coinage  bill  reported  from  the 
Committee  on  Finaooe  provides  as  follows: 

Section  1,  That  the  Secretary  of  the  Treas- 
ary  Is  hereby  directed  to  purchase,  from  month 
to  month,  silver  bullion  to  the  aggregate 
amount  of  $4, .^00, 000  worth  in  each  luBtanoe, 
at  market  prices,  not  exceeding  $1  for  ^71.25 
graiuB  of  pure  silver,  and  also  to  purchase  gold 
bullion  as  may  be  offered  at  the  Treasury  or 
any  BubTreasury  of  the  U.  S.ata  price  not  ex- 
ceeding SI  for  23.22  grains  of  pure  gold;  aud  to 
issue  in  payment  for  socb  purchaBOs  of  silver 
and  gold  bullion  Treasury  notes,  to  be  prepared 
by  the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury  in  suoh  form 
and  in  such  denominations,  not  less  than  $  I 
nor  more  than  $1000,  as  he  may  prescribe.  A 
sum  sufficient  to  carry  into  effect  the  provisions 
of  this  Act  is  hereby  appropriated  out  of  any 
money  in  the  Treasury  not  otherwise  appropri- 
ated. 

Sec.  2.  That  the  Treasury  notes  issued  in 
accordance  with  the  provisions  of  this  Act 
shall  be  redeemable  on  demand  in  lawful  money 
of  the  U.  S.  at  the  Treasury  of  the  (J.  8.,  or  at 
the  office  of  any  Assistant  Treasurer  of  the  U. 
S.,  and  when  so  redeemed  shall  be  canceled. 
Such  Treasury  notes  shall  be  receivable  for  cus- 
toms, taxes  and  all  public  dues,  and  when  so  re- 
ceived may  be  reissued;  and  such  notes,  when 
held  by  any  national  banking  assooiation,  may 
be  counted  as  part  of  its  lawful  reserve. 

Sec,  3.  That  the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury 
shall  coin  such  portion  of  the  gold  and  silver 
bullion  purchased  under  the  provisions  of  this 
Act  as  may  be  neoeesary  to  provide  for  the  re- 
demption of  the  Treasury  notes  herein  provided 
for,  and  any  gain  or  seigniorage  arising  from 
such  coinage  shall  be  accounted  for  and  paid 
into  the  Treasury. 

Sec.  4.  That  the  gold  and  silver  bullion 
purchased  under  the  provisions  of  this  Act 
shall  be  subject  to  the  requirements  of  the  ex- 
isting laws  and  regulations  of  the  Mint  service 
governing  the  methods  of  determining  the 
amount  of  pure  gold  and  pure  silver  contained, 
and  the  amount  of  charges  or  deductions,  if 
any,  to  be  made. 

The  next  section  repeals  the  Coinage  Act  of 
February  28,  1S7S,  and  the  final  section  puts 
the  Act  in  force  30  days  after  its  passage. 

Long  and  Short  Hauls. 

Senator  Paddook  yesterday  introduced  a  bill 
to  amend  the  long  and  short  haul  clause  of  the 
Interstate  Commerce  Act.  This  bill  repeats, 
verbatim,  the  original  Section  4,  forbidding  a 
less  obarge  for  a  longer  haul,  except  by  special 
permission  from  the  Interstate  Commerce  Com- 
mission. It  then  provides,  further,  that  in 
case  a  complaint  shall  be  made  against  any 
transportation  company  for  a  violation  of  that 
section  the  Commission  shall  take  into  consider- 
ation all  evidence  regarding  the  character  of  the 
products  so  carried,  the  cost  of  transportation, 
nature  of  markets  and  all  facts  and  circum- 
stances bearing  apon  the  question.  If  it  shall 
find  that  the  merchandise  so  carried  consists  of 
products  which  are  considered  among  the  neces- 
saries of  life,  such  as  grain  or  food,  and  that 
the  conditions  of  transportation  and  markets 
are  such  that  a  lower  rate  for  a  longer  haul 
may  become  a  necessity  to  Its  carriage  and  a 
matter  of  public  utility,  then  it  shall  consider 
the  case  an  exception  to  the  general  rule  pro- 
vided by  the  long  and  short  haul  clause,  and 
shall  make  an  order  accordingly.  The  long 
haul,  within  the  meaning  of  th|s  amendment, 
shall  be  500  miles  or  more. 

The  effect  of  this  amendment,  if  adopted, 
will  be  in  a  great  measure  to  free  the  hands  of 
the  transportation  companies.  Just  to  what 
goods  it  may  prove  applicable  will  be  a  matter 
for  interpretation.  "Necessaries  of  life"  is  a 
term  capable  of  wide  extension.  It  will  not 
limit  the  application  of  the  rule  thereby  to 
*' grain  or  food,"  but,  under  the  requirements 
of  modern  civilization,  may  be  made  to  include 
almost  anything  that  does  not  come  clearly 
under  the  head  of  a  luxury  or  superfluity. 
There  is  also  this  radical  difference  :  Under 
the  original  law,  the  companies  could  not  out 
rates  on  long  hauls  without  first  obtaining  per- 
mission from  the  Commission,  and  that  permis- 
sion rested  with  the  judgment  or  caprice  of  the 
members.  Under  tne  amendment,  the  com- 
panies, without  consulting  the  Commission,  can 
proceed  to  adjust  their  long-haul  rates  to  the 
exigencies  of  business,  and  if  any  complaint  is 
made,  and  they  can  show  the  Commission  that 
the  case  comes  within  the  provisions  of  the 
amendment,  then  the  Commission  Is  legally 
bound  to  reppect  their  position. — S.  F,  Built- 
tin,  Feb.  snth. 

Harry  Hartley,  the  discoverer  of  the 
Meadow  Like  mines,  is  passing  the  winter 
there.  He  lives  there  alone  in  the  best  house 
in  town.  The  snow  is  40  feet  deep  and  he 
passes  in  and  out  of  the  honse,  which  is  two 
stories  high,  by  means  of  a  trap-door  and  a 
ladder, 

The  Mount  Cory  stamp-mill,  at  Mount 
Cory,  near  Hawthorne,  Esmeralda  county, 
Nev.,  is  being  dismantled.  The  mill  cost 
$750,000  and  was  probably  sold  for  little  above 
what  the  iron  cost  used  in  the  construction  of 
the  expensive  plant, 

A  Plush-Covered  Piano  has  been  sent  from 
Paris  as  a  forerunner  of  a  fad  that  may  be  ex- 
pected later. 


"Only  a  Poor  Miner's  Wife." 

In  all  communities  are  fonnd  those  who  will 
disagree,  and  unfortunately  Park  City  is  not 
different  from  other  places  In  that  respect.  Two 
women  in  the  Park  reoently  quarreled  over 
some  difficulty  that  arose  between  them.  One 
was  the  wife  of  a  miner,  the  other  of  a  man 
who  makes  his  living  without  coming  in  actual 
contact  with  the  pick  and  shekel,  hammer  and 
drill.  In  their  excited  debate,  the  last-men- 
tioned, feeling,  no  doubt,  that  the  former  bad 
overstepped  the  bounds  of  oaste  by  being  in  her 
presence,  let  alone  presuming  to  question  with 
her,  cried  ont:  **Aod  what  are  you,  pray?" 
and  tauntingly  added,  "only  a  poor  miner's 
wife."  "Only  a  poor  miner's  wife,"  yet  within 
her  breast  existed  courage  which  she  who 
taunted  her  could  only  dream  of,  for  it  requires 
the  highest  moral  courage  to  be  a  "miner's 
wife."  Added  to  her  household  and  family 
cares,  she  has,  daily,  the  horrible  probability 
of  the  support  of  herself  and  children  being 
thrown  upon  her  shoulders.  Every  farewell 
kiss  of  the  miner  husband  but  reminds  his  wife 
that  he  may  return  a  corpse,  torn  and  bleeding 
from  some  horrible  accident,  mangled  by  a 
blast,  crushed  by  a  cave,  or  mutilated  beyond 
recognition  by  a  fall  to  the  bottcm  of  some 
raise  or  shaft.  If  not  so  serious,  he  may  re- 
turn a  cripple,  with  a  leg  broken,  or  foot 
ornsbed  by  a  falling  rock;  the  blow  of  a  ham- 
mer has  miscarried,  and  a  crushed  hand  is  the 
result;  a  flying  piece  of  steel  from  the  point  of 
a  pick  or  the  head  of  a  drill  has  put  out  an  eye, 
or  some  other  of  the  many  dangers  to  which  he 
is  exposed  has  befallen  him.  Kvery  time  the 
door  closes  and  the  husband  is  off  to  work,  she 
cannot  but  think  that  before  the  shift  is  over 
she  may  be  a  widow  and  her  little  ones  father- 
less, left  alone  to  fight  the  world  and  its  bat- 
tles. Such  thoughts,  snch  contemplations,  are 
not  calculated  to  make  the  life  of  the  "  miner's 
wife  "  a  happy  one,  and  "  her  every  moment  a 
joy."  Yet  she  is  cheerful  and  exerts  every  ef- 
fort to  make  home  pleasant  and  comfortable, 
and  to  banish  from  her  mind  the  terrible  dread 
of  what  is  almost  oertain  to  happen.  Coold 
she,  who  taunted  the  **  miner's  wife,"  be  made 
to  live  her  life  for  one  week,  nothing  but  words 
of  praise  woold  ever  again  pass  her  lips.  She 
would  realize  that  among  those  to  be  honored 
for  their  love,  devotion  and  courage,  the  "min- 
er's wife "  deserves  a  high  place.  To  all 
womankind  to  whom  "only  a  poor  miner's 
wife"  applies,  we  say,  "All  honor." — Park 
City  Letter  in  S.  L.  Herald. 


Snow  Buried. 


Eureka  hill  isbnrled  in  snow.  The  chimneys 
are  spliced  to  get  above  the  snow  and  the  attic 
windows  are  the  only  means  of  access  to  the 
houses,  which  are  lighted  with  artificial  light 
day  and  night.  A  few  have  run  tunnels  in  the 
enow,  but  they,  too,  have  to  be  lighted,  and 
most  of  the  people  prefer  climbing  to  the  natural 
light,  as  fuel  for  lights  is  scarce.  The  20  feet 
of  snow  makes  no  difference  to  the  miners,  who 
work  underground,  and  go  to  and  from  the 
mines  on  enowshoes.  The  quartz-mills  are 
built  strong  and  the  chute  from  the  upper  tun- 
nels to  the  mill,  down  in  Johneville,  one-quarter 
mile  below,  is  covered  so  that  the  business  of 
the  miners  moves  along  with  the  same  regu- 
larity as  though  there  was  only  a  foot  or  two 
of  snow  on  the  hill.  The  greatest  difficulty 
for  the  few  miners  with  families  is  to  find  their 
houses  and  families  after  a  heavy  fall  of  fresh 
enow  on  their  return  from  the  mine.  The  pole 
they  tie  the  fines  to  usually  has  the  name  of 
the  owner  tied  to  it,  but  the  terrible  storms  of 
that  high  altitude  sometimes  throw  the  tag 
off,  or  cover  both  pole  and  tag  deep  in  the 
snow.  The  people  of  Johneville,  who  live  im- 
mediately under  Eureka  Hill,  are  somewhat 
better  off  (unless  they  get  an  avalanche  from 
the  hill),  as  thev  only  have  about  16  feet  of  the 
"beautiful."  They  have  hotels  and  saloons 
where  they  can  swap  "  stories  "  to  pass  the 
long,  dreary  days  and  evenings  during  the  roar- 
ing of  the  storms.  ,The  people  of  Eureka  Hill 
have  neither  a  hotel  nor  saloon  In  which  to 
while  away  the  long  evenings,  but  instead,  they 
go  two  or  three  times  a  week  to  the  public 
schoolhouse  for  prayer;  so  wicked  are  they  that 
not  less  than  twice  a  week  will  give  them  in- 
surance agaipst  the  tortures  of  an  imaginary 
future  bell  for  their  imaginary  wicked  souls. — 
Sierra  Valley  Leader. 


A  Snow  Blockade  of  ore-house  sidetracks 
the  greater  part  of  the  last  week  will  reduce 
the  February  bullion  yield  of  the  Gomstook 
mines  $1.50,000  below  the  usual  monthly 
average.  The  tracks  are  now  open  and  the 
Carson  river  mills  again  in  full  operation. 
The  only  sidetracks  kept  clear  during  the  re- 
cent continued  snowfall  were  those  leading  to 
the  Con,  Cal,  &  Va.  ore-houses,  the  report  of 
the  shipments  showing  that  they  reached  nearly 
3000  tons  the  past  week — 'Which  is  above  the 
usual  average. 

The  new  cantilever  bridge  across  the  Colo- 
rado river  13  miles  below  Needles,  Cal.,  will 
require  3,200,000  pounds  of  iron  to  complete 
It.  It  rests  upon  two  massive  stone  piers  that 
are  65  feet  below  the  bed  of  the  river,  and  the 
center  span  Is  the  longest  unsupported  one  in 
the  world — 660  feet  between  the  cantilevers. 
The  contractors  expect  to  have  the  bridge 
finished  by  May  1st, 


164 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Mar.  8,  1890 


IQlNIJMG   SUMMAF^Y, 

The  (ollowing  la  mostly  coudensed  from  joumalfl  publiahed 
Id  the  interior,  in  proximity  to  the  mines  mentioned. 


CALIFORNIA. 

Atuador. 

Amador  Gold  Mine.— Ledger,  March  i:  The 
affairs  of  this  mine  have  undergone  no  change  dur- 
ing the  past  week.  The  miners  have  not  been  paid 
yet,  and  consequently  have  not  returned  to  work. 
It  is  not  Ukely  that  either  the  company  or  the  em- 
ployes desire  to  resume  operations  until  all  the  ar- 
rears of  wages  are  settled.  A  few  men  are  employed 
in  getting  the  mill  machinery  in  place  as  fast  as  it  ar- 
rives. It  is  coming  in  very  slowly  on  account  of  the 
bad  roads.  Only  two  or  three  loads  of  concentrator 
machinery  have  come  up  this  week.  At  the  mine 
only  the  pump  is  kept  going.  We  are  able  to  say, 
however,  that  the  stockholders  are  fixing  up  their 
difficulties,  and  no  doubt  everything  will  be  running 
again  in  a  few  days.  The  men  will  bs  paid  all  that 
is  owing  them;  there  is  no  question  about  that.  The 
new  superintendent  is  expected  up  this  week,  and 
will  take  charge  at  once. 

Kennedy. — The  mill  is  now  running  to  its  full 
capacity  of  40  stamps.  The  rock  is  of  good  quality, 
and  in  the  deepest  levels  is  met  with  in  larger  quan- 
tities than  above.  At  a  meeting  of  the  directors 
held  recently,  John  Barton  was  elected  president,  in 
place  of  T.  Varney.  deceased;  Mr.  Belshaw,  vice- 
president;  and  E.  Judson  was  elected  a  director  to 
fill  the  vacancy  on  the  board  caused  by  the  death,  of 
the  late  president, 

£11  Dorado. 
Lotus  News. — Mountain  Democrat,  March  i: 
A.  J.  Hare,  superintendent  Pine  HiU  G.  &  S.  M. 
Co.,  says:  In  your  issue  of  Saturday,  21st  instant, 
under  the  head  of  "Lotus  News"  the  following 
item  appears,  viz.:  "  The  Arthur  brothers,  Mitchell 
and  James,  have  relocated  a  quartz  claim,  which  for 
the  past  20  years  has  been  claimed  by  Tom,  Dick 
and  Harry,and  no  assessment  work  done  on  the 
same.  The  above  gentlemen  while  prospecting  for 
the  past  years  for  quartz  and  silver  mines,  came 
upon  what  is  known  as  the  Wild  Cat  mine  in  Wild 
Cat  ravine,  southeast  of  Gaylord's  bridge  on  Webber 
creek  and  relocated  it,  and  are  now  busy  working 
the  same."  Permit  me  to  correct  a  few  errors  into 
which  your  correspondent  has  fallen.  First,  the 
above-named  mine  is  the  property  of  the  "Pine 
Hill  Gold  &  Silver  Mining  Co."  [Incorporated]  and 
is  of  record  as  such  on  the  books  of  the  "  Gold  Hill 
mining  district"  and  has  been  owned  by  said  com- 
pany Since  the  year  1885,  Secondly,  your  corre- 
spondent says  that  "  no  assessment  work  has  been 
done  on  the  mine  for  the  past  20  years."  Now  if 
your  correspondent  would  have  taken  pains  to  in- 
form himself,  he  would  have  found  that  the  com- 
pany have  a  double  compartment  shaft  4x8  feet 
and  about  25  feet  deep,  limbered  in  the  most  sub- 
stantial manner — the  result  of  assessmc?it  labor,  and 
that  during  the  year  1889  other  improvements  have 
been  projected,  the  principal  of  which  has  been  the 
opening  of  a  wagon-road  leading  from  said  shaft 
to  the  Coloraa  road  near  Gaylord's  bridge,  which 
will  enable  the  company  to  haul  material  to  and 
from  the  mine,  which  has  heretofore  been  almost 
inaccessible.  The  only  means  of  reaching  the  mine 
with  teams  or  wagons  was  by  a  circuitous  route  of 
some  six  miles  of  rough  and  rugged  road,  while 
the  present  road  will  not  exceed  one  mile  in  length. 
The  company  contemplate  the  erection  of  hoisting 
works  on  the  mine  at  an  early  day,  and  arrange- 
ments have  already  been  made  with  the  Pyramid 
Mill  and  Mining  Company  for  the  crushing  of  a 
large  quantity  of  ore  as  soon  as  the  road  can  be 
completed  whereby  it  can  be  delivered  at  the  mill 
at  a  reasonable  cost.  In  short,  the  assessriieiii  work 
has  been  done  and  the  mine  was  not  subject  to  re- 
location. 

A  Seam.— Georgetown  Gazette,  Feb.  27:  J.  C. 
Chesrown  and  George  Spencer  have  been  engaged 
for  the  past  few  weeks  running  on  a  seam  in  the 
long  tunnel  on  the  LeBoeuf  mine.  They  have  some 
very  good  prospects. 

Monterey. 
Los  Burros  Mines. — Cor.  Salinas  Democrat, 
Feb,  27:  Los  Burros  is  alive  yet,  and  the  fiery,  un- 
tamed burro  is  alive  and  prancing  up  and  down 
Gold  Ridge,  The  cause  of  the  hilarity  is  the  rich 
strike  made  on  the  Melville  mine  by  Charlie  Hud- 
son and  Fred.  Melville.  The  boys  have  one  of  the 
best  mines  in  the  camp.  Their  vein  is  in  rotten 
slate  and  porphyry,  and  the  dirt  at  the  cropping!^  of 
the  vein  will  average  25  cents  to  the  pan.  The 
Cruikshank's  M.  Co.'s  mill '  started  up  again  a  lew 
days  ago.  In  the  mine  they  have  commenced  sink- 
ing their  double  compartment  shaft  from  their  tun- 
nel level  down.  It  is  hoped  that  the  water  will  not 
be  too  much  for  their  present  pumping  machinery 
to  handle;  then  we  can  look  lor  something  perma- 
nent when  their  shaft  is  sunk  ^o  or  300  feet  deep- 
er. The  Grand  Pacific  Co.  are  pushing  ahead  their 
tunnel.  They  have  lately  cut  a  small  vein  of  low- 
grade  ore  and  are  laboring  under  great  difftculties  to 
push  their  tunnel  ahead  to  the  mam  shaft  on  ac- 
count of  immense  quantities  of  water  coming  in.  The 
Gr.zzly  Co.  is  erecting  a  30-foot  overshot  water-wheel 
to  run  an  arastraon  Alder  creek.  They  are  also  taking 
out  some  very  rich  ore  from  their  incline  shaft.  The 
Manchester  tunnel  is  being  pushed  with  great  vigor. 
Cbas.  Arrivey  is  getting  some  very  good  prospects  on 
his  Atlas  mine. 

ASPHALTUM  AND  BiTUMEN  Beds.  —  Salinas 
Democrat,  Feb.  23:  We  were  shown  yesterday 
several  specimens  of  asphaltum  and  bitumi- 
■  nous  rock,  by  Dr,  H.  D.  Livingstone  of  Kings 
City.  The  specimens  were  all  in  their  crude  state, 
except  one,  and  were  taken  from  the  claims  recently 
located  by  the  doctor,  Isaac  Mylar  and  Thomas 
Mylar,  about  nine  miles  from  Kings  City.  The 
deposits  are  on  the  side  of  a  hill  and  are  practically 
inexhaustible.  Removing  the  earth,  the  deposit 
is  found  at  a  depth  of  about  three  inches  beneath 
the  surface.  At  places  the  effects  of  the  sun's  heat 
are  seen  in  quantities  of  the  asphaltum  exuding 
through  the  crust  and  from  the  crevices.  Dr. 
Livingstone  showed  a  beautiful  specimen  of  pressed 
asphaltum  ready  for  use  in  paving  streets  and  mak- 
ing roadways.  The  nearness  of  the  deposits  to 
market  and  their  accessibility  over  a  smooth  road, 
making  it  possible  to  draw  heavy  loads  to  the  rail- 
road, coupled  with  their  volume,  makes  this  a  valu- 
able find.  The  rock  can  be  laid  down  at  the 
railroad  at  about  $5  a  ton,   while  Santa  Cruz  rock 

fiellSi  in  tb@  San  Francisct?  market,  ^\  |[q  to  ${2 


a  ton.  Dr.  Livingstone  leaves  to-day  for  San  Fran- 
cisco to  make  arrangements  to  put  the  product  of 
his  mines  on  the  market  and  endeavor  to  interest 
contractors  in  giving  it  a  practical  test. 

Nevada. 

Will  Start  Up. — Grass  Valley  Union,  Feb.  27: 
Operations  on  the  Homeward  Bound  mme,  a  por- 
tion of  the  Menlo  property,  are  to  be  commenced 
fjrthwith.  Some  repairs  will  first  be  necessary 
about  the  pumping  and  hoisting  works,  and  the 
shaft  will  have  to  be  cleared  of  debris  that  has  ac- 
cumulated during  the  time  the  mine  has  been  idle, 
but  this  can  be  done  in  a'few  weeks,  when  regular 
underground  work  will  be  started.  John  Rawling 
will  be  the  foreman 'of  the  mine. 

Promising  OuTLOOK.-^Grass  Valley  Tidings, 
Feb.  25:  Operations  at  the  Crown  Point  mine 
have  been  vigorously  pushed  right  along  through 
this  last  storm,  water  for  power  being  derived  from 
Wolf  creek.  The  shaft  has  been  put  down  80  feet 
by  the  bondees,  giving  a  total  depth  of  about  380 
feet.  The  ledge  is  in  the  footwall,  but  as  numerous 
good-looking  stringers  are  cut  weekly  in  the  shaft,  it 
is  thought  the  vein  may  be  found  in  the  hanging- 
wall  before  the  contractors  complete  the  next  20 
feet  of  shaft.  It  such  should  not  prove  the  case,  a 
crosscut  will  be  run  to  the  hanging-wall  and  the 
edge  uncovered.  The  outlook  is  regarded  as  prom- 
ising. 

Menlo. — Mr.  John  Rawling,  who  has  been  ap- 
pointed superintendent  of  the  Menlo  mining  prop- 
erty at  Allison  Ranch,  under  the  bondees,  is  already 
arranging  for  the  prompt  performance  of  the  pre- 
liminary work.  The  pumps  will  be  in  operation  in 
two  months  or  less  and  at  least  $3000  per  month  is 
to  be  expended  under  the  bond. 

CROVi'N  Point.— Grass  Valley  Union,  March  2: 
The  crown  wheel  of  the  pumping  machinery  of  the 
Crown  Point  mine  broke  on  Wednesday  and  repairs 
upon  it  were  not  completed  until  Friday  night.  In 
the  meanwhile  the  water  raised  in  the  mine  to  an  ex- 
tent that  will  require  four  or  five  d^ys  to  reduce  it. 
Some  good-looking  quartz  is  found  in  the  ledge  in 
sinking  the  shaft,  which  prospects  in  gold,  and  gives 
encouragement  for  the  next  level  that  is  to  be 
opened. 

Hartery.— Mr.  A.  W.  Stoddard  has  resigned 
the  superintendency  of  the  Hartery  mine  and  Ste- 
phen Fowler,  who  has  heretofore  been  acting  as  un- 
derground foreman,  has  been  selected  to  succeed 
him.  Mr.  Stoddard  yet  remains  as  president  of  the 
company  and  retains  his  interest  as  a  stockholder. 
The  mine  is  in  good  condition,  the  ore  being  of  high 
grade,  as  was  shown  by  a  recent  crushing,  and  the 
company  is  virtually  out  of  debt.  As  an  undevel- 
oped property  the  Hartery  is  giving  most  excellent 
promise  of  becoming  a  valuable  mine. 

New  Mines.— Grass  Valley  Tidings.  Feb.  26: 
Six  months  hence  the  storm  and  its  effi:cts  on  busi- 
ness will  have  been  all  but  forgotten.  The  list  of 
our  mines  of  last  year  will  by  that  time  be  swelled  by 
six  and  perhaps  seven,  for  the  increased  number  of 
men  that  will  be  employed  ^t  the  Coe,  Peabody, 
Hartery  and  Crown  Point  will  justify  us  in  claiming 
those  properties  as  new  mines.  Then  there  are  the 
Menlo  and  Gold  Hill  properties,  with  per4iaps  the 
New  York  Hill.  In  any  event  the  Gold  Point  will 
make  the  seventh  and  add  a  new  mill.  Street  talk 
has  it  that  Mr.  Fillmore,  formerly  foreman  at  the 
Omaha  and  now  in  Monterey  county,  will  return 
soon  to  take  charge  of  the  Gold  HiU.  The  Idaho, 
North  Star.  Omaha  and  Empire  mines  may  be  set 
down  as  dividend-payers  this  year,  and  we  would 
not  be  surprised  if  the  North  Banner  was  added  to 
the  list. 

Hartery  Cleanup.— The  last  of  the  ore  at  the 
Hartery  (Larimer)  mill  was  run  through  the  stamps, 
and  the  cleanup  made  Tuesday.  With  the  partial 
cleanup  of  last  week  included,  an  average  of  between 
$35  and  $40  per  load  for  the  entire  crushing  was  re- 
alized. The  pump  is  holding  the  water  in  the  shaft 
without  difficulty,  and  could  wood  be  had  the  miners 
could  goto  work  and  hoisting  be  resumed.  Under 
the  circumstancps,  however,  development  work  can- 
not be  prosecuted  for  a  week  or  more. 

Quartz.— Grass  Valley  Tidings,  Feb.  28:  We 
were  shown  to-day  some  handsome  specimens  of 
gold  quartz  taken  from  a  winze  in  the  Knights  ol 
Malta  (St.  John';)  mine,  at  a  point  eoo  feet  from 
surface,  a  number  of  years  since.  The  ore  is  sprin- 
kled with  gold  in  sulphurets  and  galena.  In  conver- 
sation with  Mr.  Dewar  we  learned  that  the  new 
company  formed  to  operate  this  mine  have  disposed 
of  all  the  stock  desired  to  be  sold  at  present,  the  in- 
vestors including  residents  of  Grass  Valley,  Marys- 
ville,  Sacramento,  Visalia  and  San  Francisco.  A 
boiler  and  engine  have  been  secured  and  paid  for, 
negotiations  for  a  pump  are  under  way  and  building 
material  has  been  contracted  for.  As  soon  as  the 
snow  disappears,  work  will  be  commenced,  with  L. 
M.  Carr  as  the  builder,  in  all  probability.  One  of 
the  old  shafts  may  be  utilized,  bat  it  is  more  likely 
that  a  new  one  will  be  put  down. 

Placer. 

EuREiiA. — Placer  Ar^us,  March  i:  We  men- 
tioned last  week  that  F.  Chappellet  had  resigned  his 
position  as  superintendent  of  the  Mayflower  mine. 
He  still  retains  charge  of  the  Live  Oak  and  has  been 
chosen  superintendent  of  the  Eureka  mine.  The 
Eureka  Mining  Co.  has  been  organized  with  the  fol- 
lowing directors:  F.  Chappellet,  H.  Barroilhet,  J. 
Morizio,  Anthony  Clark,  J.  C.  Plunkett.  W,  H. 
Rabe  is  secretary,  Belloc  &  Co,,  treasurer,  and  F. 
Chappellet,  superintendent. 

lowA  Hill.  —  Cor.  Placer  Herald,  March  i: 
The  Waterhouse  and  Dorn  mine  has  been  shut 
down  for  a  few  days  past,  on  account  of  an  insuffi- 
cient supply  of  water  to  run  their  machin-^ry,  the 
ditch  having  been  broken  near  the  head  during  the 
storm.  The  M-orning  Star  mine  force  has  been 
laid  off,  most  of  them  also  lately,  but  I  hear  they 
will  soon  resume  work.  At  the  Pioneer  a  force  of 
men  has  been  driving  the  main  tunnel  ahead  to 
connect  with  the  Lynn  ledge;  whether  they  have 
succeeded  or  not  I  do  not  know.  A  sad  accident 
occurred  at  the  Red  Point  on  Saturday  night.  A 
large  slab  of  the  roof,  some  50  feet  in  length,  fell  and 
caught  several  of  the  men,  killing  George  Patrick 
and  four  Chinamen.  Mr.  W.  James,  Fred  Snyder 
and  G.  W.  Snyder's  nephew  were  also  caught,  but 
I  beheve  none  of  them  were  seriously  injured,  Fred 
Snyder  being  badly  bruised.  It  is  believed  that 
death  was  instantaneous  in  the  case  of  George 
Patrick. 

Santa  Barbara. 

Coal,  —  Saiita  Barbara  Press,     March  i:    P. 

Montan^re  h^s  d(§gQYere^  a  vein  of  goal  of  the  best 


quality  in  the  San  Rafael  mountains,  a  short  dis- 
tance from  Santa  Ynez,  and  has  already  been  offered 
a  large  sum  by  rich  parties  for  the  mine  if  it  proves 
to  be  a  paying  institution.  These  mountains  surely 
contain  coal,  and  if  Mr.  Montanaro  has  discovered 
the  right  place  it  will  not  be  long  before  Southern 
Calfornia  will  come  to  the  front  as  a  coal-producer. 
Beach  Mining.  —  Lompoc  Record,  March  i: 
The  Woods  Brothers,  of  Santa  Cruz,  have  at 
the  Lompoc  Landing  all  the  machinery  necessary 
to  work  the  beach  mines  successfully.  The  process 
is  said  to  save  all  the  gold  wherever  this  apparatus 
is  in  use.  We  will  probably  have  a  practical  dem- 
onstration of  what  this  new  invention  will  do,  as 
there  are  several  claims  that  can  be  had  on  fair 
terms.  Mr.  Wood?  informs  us  that  he  can  put 
through  from  40  to  50  tons  per  day.  It  is  estimated 
that  $3  can,  with  washing  that  will  save  all  the 
gold  and  platinum,  be  extracted  Irom  every  ton  of 
band.  The  total  expense  of  securing  and  putting 
through  this  machine  50  tons  is  about  Si  per  ton. 
It  will  be  seen  that  at  a  yield  of  $3  per  ton,  there  is 
a  fine  margin  of  profit  when  worked  on  the  scale 
of  50  tons  per  day. 

Shasta. 

Newt  Mining  Enterprise.— Redding  i^e/wtjfrr.z/, 
Feb.  26:  Mr.  O.  J,  Johnson,  president  of  the  Eu- 
reka Tellurium  G,  M.  Co.,  states  that  he  is  expect- 
ing a  party  from  the  East  who  is  connected  with 
the  Elgin,  111.,  Reduction  Works,  to  look  over  the 
Eureka  property.  The  Elgin  Reduction  Works  Co. 
has  made  an  offer  to  put  a  plant  on  this  property  if, 
upon  investigation,  it  is  found  as  represented,  and 
we  shall  in  the  near  future  see  a  plant  erected  at  Salt 
creek  for  the  reduction  of  the  tellurium  ore  and  oth- 
er refractory  ores  that  may  be  brought  to  the  works 
froru  any  part  of  the  county.  Bsds  will  be  received 
by  the  Eureka  company  for  the  construction  of  a 
tunnel  about  600  fe^^t  long.  The  Anavena  company 
proposes  to  run  a  tunnel  three-quarters  of  a  mile  in 
length  on  thf-ir  property  at  or  near  Clear  creek,  in 
the  Muletown  mining  district,  and  we  judge  from 
the  interest  taken  in  these  mining  enterprises  that 
thousands  of  dollars  will  be  spent  the  coming  sum- 
mer by  the  Anavena,  Clear  Creek  and  Eureka  Tellu- 
rium G.-M.  companies  in  erecting  reduction  works 
and  developing  their  mining  properly. 

Lower  Springs.  —  Cor.  Redding  Democrat. 
Feb.  26:  Mr.  Comins  of  Red  Bluff  came  up  to 
Rempton's  mill,  on  Salt  creek,  on  the  16th,  and 
took  his  portable  engine  from  the  wrecked  building 
and  will  move  th-^  same  back  to  the  Bluffs.  Some 
time  last  fall  McCort  of  San  Francisco  leased  the 
engine  from  Comins  to  supply  power  for  the  mill. 
McCort  had  no  capital  to  go  on,  consequently  the 
mill  was  shut  down.  The  Russel  furnace  still  re- 
mains in  place  with  no^  perceptible  damage  from 
the  falleh  building.  The  long-delayed  six-foot  Pel- 
ton  water-wheel  arrived  at  the  Gf-m,  and  will  be 
running  by  March  ist.  Mr.  C  Olmstead  has  gone 
to  Illinois  to  raise  capital  for  the  necessary  im- 
provements in  and  about  the  works,  so  as  to  begin 
with  firmness  and  establish  a  reputation  that  will 
make  it  a  creditable  mill,  suitable  for  Both  rebellious 
and  free-milling  ores.  j 

"Old  Diggins.'' — Mr.  Scharard,  a  mining  man 
of  the  southern  part  of  the  State,  has  taken  hold  of 
the  old  Reid  mine  on  Star  gulch.  Old  Diggins  dis- 
trict, and  intends  to  sort  and  ship  ore,  There  is 
a  good  body  of  rich  refractory  ore  in  sight  in  this 
mine  that  will  pay  well  to  transport. 

From  Ono.— Cor,  Anderson  Enterprise,  Feb. 
27:  A  mine  at  Sunny  Hill,  known  as  the  Big  Char- 
ley mine,  was  bonded  from  Valentine  Doll  and 
Manual  Ltffier  one  year  ago  this  month  by  the  Bell 
Bios,  for  $io,ooo,  since  which  the  money  has  been 
paid  according  to  agreement,  Doll  &  Loffier  receiv- 
ing $3333  33'  ^"^  one-third  each  of  the  money.  Who 
got  the  other  third  is  not  known.  They  have  a  tun- 
nel 400  feel  in  length  through  rock  to  strike  the 
ledge;  have  on  the  dump  about  30  tons  of  ore  for 
shipment  which  will  be  hauled  to  Anderson  as  soon 
as  weather  will  permit.  A  team  went  to  Sunny  Hill 
yesterday  with  a  complete  outfit  of  blacksmith  tools 
for  Bell  Brothers. 

Siskiyou. 

Big  Ditch.— Yreka /o?/r«<//,  Feb.  26:  Some  four 
or  five  Portuguese  companies  at  Hawkiuoville  hav- 
ing leased  the  Big  Ditch,  commenced  work  on  the 
same  last  Wednesdiy,  to  put  it  in  good  order  and 
build  new  flames,  etc.  They  received  assistance 
from  business  men  in  Vreka  to  the  extent  of  $200, 
and  other  assistance  from  parties  in  the  vicinity  who 
are  interested  in  the  development  of  the  rich  mining 
ground  at  Hawkinsville  and  on  Yreka  flats,  not 
worked  for  some  years  past  on  account  of  scarcity  of 
water.  A  force  of  a  dozen  men  started  out  to  the 
Forest  House  creek,  five  miles  south  of  town,  last 
Wednesday,  well  supplied  with  provisions,  to  camp 
out  on  the  ditch  in  the  work  of  repairing  it  in  first- 
class  order  from  that  point  to  Shasta  river,  as  there 
Will  probably  be  water  enough  from  that  and  other 
streams  and  gulches  in  Yreka  basin  to  keep  up  a 
supply  nearly  all  summer  for  mining.  When  the 
supply  gets  short  toward  fall,  the  ditch  will  be  put 
in  order  above  the  Forest  House  creek  so  as  to  gain 
a  supply  from  Shasta  river.  The  miners  on  Canal, 
t^ng.  Humbug,  Spring,  Portuguese,  Greenhorn  and 
other  gulches  in  the  Humbug  range  along  the  west 
side  of  town,  are  all  busy  now  while  the  snow  lasts 
in  furnishing  water  to  rake  in  all  the  gold-dust  possi- 
ble, this  being  the  first  season  tor  many  years  that  a 
good  supply  of  water  has  been  afforded  above  the 
level  of  Yreka  flats  and  the  Big  Ditch.  There  is 
some  very  rich  paying  ground  in  all  the  above- 
named  gulches  clear  to  the  summit  of  the  mountains 
not  accessible  with  wagons  for  hauling  the  pay  grav- 
el to  water.  On  Humbug  creek  the  miners  are  mak- 
ing preparations  to  rebuild  the  badly  demoralized 
wagon-roads  leading  from  their  quartz  ledges  to 
mills,  as  soon  as  the  deep  snow  melts  off  sufficiently 
to  permit.  At  present  they  have  only  a  pack  trail 
dug  out  ior  temporary  use  in  getting  supplies.  The 
hydraulic  miners  have  commenced  fixing  up  their 
ditches  and  will  have  sufficient  water  this  season  to 
continue  work  with  their  giants  nearly  all  summer. 
The  sluicing  out  of  the  streams  and  opening  of  deep 
cuts  in  the  mountains  will  give  prospectors  a  splen- 
did opportunity  during  the  coming  spring  and  sum- 
mer to  hunt  for  good  mines,  especially  in  the  dis- 
tricts all  along  the  Humbug  range  and  Klamath  riv- 
er, where  the  forest  fires  of  last  summer  laid  the 
country  bare.  The  quartz  ledges  lately  discovered 
on  Humbug  creek,  now  turning  out  so  rich  and 
permanent,  will  cause  many  old  miners  to  start  out 
on  prospecting  tours  just  as  soon  as  the  snow  is  off 
the  mountain-sides  to  permit  of  prospecting  with 
5^cQess.    A  porrespondept  of  the  3cou  VaUey  ^S^wJ 


says  the  laboring  population  of  Happy  Camp  has 
been  very  profitably  employed  for  about  three  months 
working  on  bedrock  belonging  to  Camp  &  Co.,  and 
which  has  never  been  thoroughly  cleaned.  In  some 
instances  a  single  workman  has  taken  out  as  high  as 
$20  a  day,  and  nearly  all  have  averaged  a  large  per- 
centage on  the  amount  of  labor  expended. 

Mining  and  Farming.— -Hugo  Miller,  who  owns 
the  old  Koester  place  or  orchard  at  Hawkinsville, 
on  Yreka  creek,  is  having  it  seeded  with  alfalfa,  and 
also  intends  planting  a  portion  with  a  large  number 
of  fruit  trees.  Next  year  Miller  expects  to  work  the 
creek  portion  of  the  land  for  gold  mining,  and  has  a 
mammoth  pump  with  a  6-inch  discharge  pipe  capa- 
ble of  keeping  the  bedrock  clear  of  water,  and  at 
the  same  time  supply  sluice-boxes  with  sufficient 
water  for  washing  the  pay  gravel  raised  by  derrick. 
The  pump  and  derrick  and  other  apparatus  neces- 
sary can  all  be  worked  successfully  by  a  stout  little 
steam  engine. 

Scott  Bar.— Yreka  Union,  Feb.  27:  The  Quartz 
Hill  Co.,  at  Scott  Bar,  have  resumed  work  in  their 
mine  at  that  place.  They  are  at  present  repairing 
damages  to  their  ditches  and  flumes,  which  were 
considerably  demoralized  by  the  late  storm.  The 
San  Jose  Co,,  at  the  same  place,  are  also  engaged 
in  cleaning  ditches  and  getting  everything  in  readi- 
ness for  this  season's  run. 

Sonoma. 
Quicksilver. — Sonoma  Democrat,  Feb.  27:  R. 
E,  Lewis,  superintendent  and  one  of  the  principal 
owners  in  the  Great  Eastern  Quicksilver  mine,  near 
Guerneville,  called  in  to  see  us  on  Thursday.  We 
learn  from  him  that  the  Co.  is  now  working  about 
50  men  and  shipping  an  average  of  about  120  flasks 
of  76  ;4  pounds  each  of  metal  per  month.  There 
has  been  a  gradual  advance  in  the  price  of  quicksil- 
ver for  three  years  past  and  the  metal  is  now  selling 
at  $48,50  per  flask.  The  Great  Eastern  is  the  only 
mine  in  this  county  that  has  been  run  continuously 
since  its  opening.  It  was  located  by  Mr!  Lewis  in 
1872  and  patented  in  1876.  The  original  owners, 
all  of  Healdsburg,  leased  it  to  Tiburcio  Pjrrott  for 
12  years.  For  the  last  five  years  the  owners  have 
conducted  the  mine,  with  Mr.  Lewis  as  superintend-  ■' 
ent,  on  their  own  responsibility.  At  $£  per  shiuy 
the  mine  paid  last  year  a  dividend  of  26  per  cent  oa 
ihe  capital  stock.  The  Co.  is  burning  about  16  tons 
of  ore  every  24  hours,  which  yields  four  flisks  per 
day,  equal  to  about  x%  per  cent.  Few  people  are 
aware  that  we  have  such  an  important  raining  in- 
dustry permanently  operated  in  this  county.  The 
officers  of  the  company  are  Richard  Abbey,  Presi- 
dent, R.  E.  Lewis,  Vice-President  and  Superintend- 
dent,  and  Alfred  Abbey,    Secretary   and   Treasurer. 

Trinity. 

Junction  City, — Trinity /<'«/-««/,  March  i:  J. 
C.  Wallace  was  in  town  Wednesday  and  gave  us 
the  following  itemn:  Geo.  Chapman  started  up  his 
hydraulic  claim  last  Monday.  The  Sheridan  broth- 
ers are  also  running  their  claim.  With  this  excep- 
tion no  mining  is  being  carried  on  there  at  present. 
Most  of  the  mines  in  that  vicinity  have  considerable 
work  to  do  before  they  can  run.  Mr.  Wallace  thinks 
that  when  the  mines  start  the  season  will  be 
favorable  for  them;  that  a  large  amount  of  dirt  will 
be  moved  and  a  good  deal  of  money  will  be  taken 
out.  W.  C.  Given  is  at  Cox  bar,  putting  in  a  dam 
for  B'gelow  &  Jordan  to  replace  the  one  that  broke  ■ 
last  winter.  D.  B.  Gray,  the  mail-carrier  between 
Junction  City  and  New  River,  says  that  the  dam 
across  the  Trinity  river,  formed  by  the  slide  at  Dix- 
on's bar,  will  be  permanent.  The  water  is  now 
backed  up  several  miles  and  near  the  dam  30  feet 
above  high-water  mark  and  almost  as  still  as  a  mill- 
pond. 

Quartz.  —  Eight  quartz  location  notices  were 
filed  in  the  Clerk's  office  this  week  for  recording. 
The  ledges  are  at  the  head  of  Rock  creek  on  the 
divide  between  Eel  and  Mad  rivers.  This  is  a  new 
region  for  quartz  and  we  hope  the  locations  will  turn 
out  well. 

Tulare. 

Quartz. — Visalia  Delta,  Feb.  20:  J.  F.  Mc- 
Kemie,  one  of  the  owners  in  the  Coronado  quartz 
mme,  situated  on  the  south  fork  of  the  Kaweah 
river,  has  just  returned  from  the  mine  bringing  with 
him  some  fine  specimens  of  quartz.  He  showed 
us  one  piece  of  ore  weighing  nearly  40  pounds  that 
was  nearly  pure  sulphurets,  bearing  both  gold  and 
silver.  The  owners  have  a  blacksmith  shop  and 
plenty  of  tools  on  the  ground  ready  to  commence 
work.  J.  C.  Swickard,  the  superintendent,  will 
start  to  the  mine  from  Visalia  with  a  supply  of  pro- 
visions, men,  etc.,  as  soon  as  the  weather  will  per- 
mit.. Mr.  Swickard  says  they  have  thousands  of 
tons  of  as  good  rock  as  McKemie  brought  down. 

NEVADA. 

Wastioe  District. 

Ophir. — Supcrijitendent's  Reports,  March  i:  On 
the  1300-foot  level  from  the  end  of  the  east  crosscut 
from  the  shaft  station  a  south  drift  is  advanced  420 
feet  from  the  end  of  the  east  crosscut,  continuing  in 
porphyry  and  quarrz  showing  some  value. 

Con.  California  and  Virginia. — The  1300, 
1435,  1500  and  1600-foot  levels  continue  to  yield 
the  usual  quantity  of  ore.  On  the  1200-foot  level 
the  south  drift  is  extended  70  feet.  On  the  1650- 
foot  level  the  raise  above  the  end  of  the  east  cross- 
cut from  the  end  of  the  north  drift  from  the  winze 
sunk  60  feet  below  the  end  of  the  south  drift  is  car- 
ried up  60  feet  and  has  been  connected  with  the 
east  crosscut  on  this  level.  We  are  sloping  ore 
from  this  raise  20  feet  below  the  point  of  connec- 
tion. Owing  to  the  snow  blockade  on  the  Virginia 
and  Truckee  railroad,  ore  shipments  to  the  Eureka 
and  Morgan  mills  were  suspended  and  the  mine 
closed  down  for  two  days,  as  the  ore-house  bins 
were  full.  We  have  resumed  operations  in  the 
mine  and  ore  trains  are  running  regularly.  We 
shipped  to  the  Morgan  mill  707  tons  and  440 
pounds  of  ore,  and  to  the  Eureka  992  tons  and  1000 
pounds,  battery  sample  assays  showing  an  average 
value  of  $26.10  per  ton. 

Imperial. — On  the  300-foot  level  west  crosscut. 
No.  2  con'tinues  in  porphyry  and  quartz.  The  500- 
foot  level  west  crosscut  is  still  in  quartz.  The  .c;oo- 
foot  level  north  drift  is  out  1420  feet  from  the  Yel- 
low Jacket  shaft. 

Overman. — We  shipped  8r  tbns  of  ore  during 
the  week,  battery  sample  assays  showing  a  value 
of  $15,54  per  ton. 

Savage. — We  shipped  445  tons  of  ore,  showing 
an  average  value  of  $24  by  batlery  sample  assays. 

bullion  is  on  band  to  the  estimated  v^ipe  of  $22,- 


Mae.  8,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


165 


684.80.  A  300-foot  level  south  drift  is  being  ad- 
vanced from  the  top  of  the  raise  above  the  400- 
foot  level.  * 

Hai.k  and  Norckoss.— We  shipped  during  the 
week  735  tons  ol  ore.  The  300-foot  level  east  cro^s- 
cut  has  reached  the  hanging-wall.  A  raise  above 
the  6oo-foot  level  at  the  lavage  linu  is  showing  fair- 
grade  ore. 

CiiOLLAk. — The  Nevada  mill  stamps  were  hung 
up  Thursday,  on  account  of  an  accident  to  the  sup- 
ply flume.  The  mill  will  resume  crushing  ore  to- 
night. 

POTOSi.— The  raise  above  the  930-foot  level  is 
showing  ore  in  the  top  assaying  from  $25  10  $30  per 
Con. 

OrcroENTAi.  Con.  —  We  continue  to  extract  ore 
of  good  quality  from  the  slopes  on  the  400  and  450- 
foot  levels.  I'he  raise  too  feet  south  ot  No.  3  raise 
is  up  43  feet,  and  continues  in  fair-quallty  ore.  The 
550-foot  line,  east  crosscut,  is  advanced  11  feet  in 
porphyry  and  clay.  A  south  drift  Irom  the  end  of 
the  line,  west  crosscut,  is  extended  7  feet  In  por- 
phyry and  pay  ore. 

Sf.g.  Bklcher. — The  1200-foot  level  north  drift 
from  the  winze  is  cutting  ore  of  fair  grade. 

Justice. —During  the  week  we  crushed  200 
tons  of  ore,  battery  sample  assays  averaging  $30.82 
peV  ton. 

Alta. — We  crushed  325  tons  of  ore  during  the 
week,  battery  samples  showing  an  average  assay 
value  of  $25.50  per  ton. 

BureiEa  District. 

Transi'ORTation  Of-  Pkouucts.— Eureka  S'c*///- 
net.  March  i:  During  the  month  of  January  the  K. 
iS:  P.  K.  R.  Co.  shipped  over  their  road  194,820 
pounds  of  ore  from  the  mines  of  this  district,  and 
210,000  pounds  of  lead  (rom  the  Kureka  Con.  re- 
duction works.  During  February  they  shipped  512,- 
708  pounds  of  ore.  There  are  15  carloads  at  the  de- 
pot rtfady  for  shipment,  and  there  would  be  consid- 
erable more  but  for  the  want  of  sacks,  which  are 
very  slow  coining  in.  The  canyon  roads  are  still 
filled  with  snow,  and  hauling  over  most  of  them  is 
retarded.  The  roads  to  the  Hamburg  and  Dunder- 
berg  mines  have  not  been  opened  for  the  season. 
For  these  reasons  the  ore  shipments  have  been  very 
light  for  the  past  two  months.  During  the  present 
month  (March)  the  ore  shipments  will  doubtless  be 
greatly  increased,  and  we  expect  that  there  will  be 
more  ore  shipped  over  the  railroad  alone  this  year 
than  the  entire  production  of  i88g  amounted  to. 

Diamond  Oke. — Thie  Diamond  mine  on  Prospect 
mountain  has  yielded  well,  even  with  the  small  force 
"of  men  employed  there  during  the  winter.  Charley 
Broy  has  been  hauling  as  steadily  as  the  bad  slate  of 
the  roads  permitted,  and  last  Wednesday  night  he 
put  on  an  extra  team  to  sled  the  ore  from  the  mouth 
of  Goodwin  canyon  to  the  railroad  depot.  He  will 
conimue  running  both  day  and  nighi  as  long  as 
sledding  remains  good.  From  8000  to  10,000  sacks 
of  Diamond  ore  have  accumulated  at  the  depot  and 
mnuth  of  the  canyon,  which  will  be  shipped  to  Salt 
Lake  as  rapidly  as  possible. 

Ploche  District. 

Started  Ui'.— Pioche  Record,  Feb.  22:  The 
concentrators  at  the  reduction  works  started  up 
Tuesday  afternoon  and  are  running  along  smooth- 
ly. They  a.re  running  on  Half  Moon  ore  and  the 
concentrates  are  of  a  high  grade.  There  is  enough 
ore  on  hand  to  keep  the  concentrators  running  stead- 
ily until  the  company  commences  hauling  ore 
from  the  Half  Moon. 

Robinson  District. 

Minks  Bonded. —White  Pine  News,  Feb.  22: 
J.  N.  Hodges  and  E.  K.  Walbridge  of  Pittsbury, 
Kansas,  have  this  week  taken  the  initial  steps  to- 
ward securing  some  valuable  mining  property  in 
Robinson  District.  The  following  pipers  have 
been  filed  by  them  in  the  Recorder's  oftice:  Wat- 
son &  P>rown  bond  to  Hodges  &  Walbridge  the 
Rob  Roy  and  Little  Bonanza  mines  for  $50,000. 
Conditions:  First  payment,  March  1st,  $1000; 
April  ist,  $1000;  May  isl,  $5000:  June  isl,  $to,ooo; 
and  August  ist,  $33,000.  Watson  &  Brown  bond 
to  Hodges  ifc  Walbridge  the  Nieta,  Carl,  Comsiock 
and  Exchange  mines.  Agreement  bond— $6000  to 
be  paid  June  ist  for  6-10  interest  in  said  mines,  the 
bonding  parlies  to  have  a  ten-stamp  mill  completed 
on  one  of  the  said  mines  on  July  ist  and  to  own  a 
6-10  interest  in  the  same,  the  other  4-ro  to  belong 
to  Watson  &  Brown.  W.  R.  Thomas  bonds  to 
Hodges  &  Walbridge  the  Mohawk  and  Robust 
mines  for  $24  000.  Conditions:  May  ist,  $tooo; 
June  ist,  $3000;  July  isl  and  August  ist,  $10,000 
each.  The  same  parties  have  bonded  the  Golden 
Revenue  and  Red  Hill  mines  from  R.  M.  Peters  and 
J.  B.  Stmpson  for  $5000,  to  run  until  June  ist.  The 
Ely  Gold  Mining  and  Milling  Co.  have  also  bonded 
several  mines  and  their  leased  mill  and  water  rights 
to  Messrs.  Hodges  &  Walbridge  for  $65,000.  The 
other  conditions  of  the  bond  we  did  not  learn. 
While  the  Kansas  party  has  got  hold  of  some  very 
valuable  mining  property,  it  is  by  no  means  the 
pick  of  the  camp,  and  others  who  wish  to  look  over 
the  district  can  find  equally  as  promising  ground 
outside  of  the  Big  Joanna  Bonanza. 

Taylor  District. 
FAVORABt^E. — White  Pine  News.  Feb.  22:  Wm. 
Read,  superintendent  of  the  Eberhardi- Monitor 
mines,  was  in  Ely  Thursday.  He  informs  us  that 
the  prospects  of  ihe  company  the  coming  season  are 
very  favorable. 

Tuscarora  District. 
Nevada  Queen.  —  Times-Review,  Feb.  28: 
North  gangway  from  the  600-foot  level  station  has 
advanced  22  feel.  The  flow  of  water  continues,  and 
has  stopped  the  overflow  from  the  winze  on  the  400- 
foot  level. 

North  Belle  Isle. — South  drift  from  station 
crosscut,  300-foot  level,  extended  16  feet.  South  in- 
termediate, above  same  level,  extended  seven  feet 
and  connected  with  No.  4  chute.  Have  started  to 
follow  the  main  portion  ol  the  vein,  which  is  found 
to  be  in  the  hanging-wall  in  front  of  the  slopes  at 
No.  4  chute.  North  gangway  from  the  600-fool 
level  extended  22  feet.  The  quality  of  the  ore  in 
the  face  is  improving  very  fast. 

Belle  Isle. — The  crosscut  from  the  350-fooi 
level  extended  12  feet;  rock  very  hard  in  the  face 
with  strong  flow  of  water. 

Navajo. — Air  connection  has  been  made  with 
the  raise  Irom  the  150-foot  level  and  good  ventila- 
tion will  now  facilitate  prospecting  at  this  point. 
No.  2  crosscut,  350-foot  level,  extended  nine  feet, 
showing  spar  seams  giving  low  assays. 

North  Commonwealth.  —  ist    level:    North 


drift  from  No.  i  crosscut  is  in  13  feet,  exposing 
high-grade  ore  three  feel  thick.  South  drilt  from 
joint  crosscut  has  iwen  run  14  feet,  and  is  develop- 
ing a  fine  body  of  rich  ore;  average   assay   from   car 

samples  $383.07  per  ton.  2d  level:  Joint  crosscut 
advanced  19  fetrt  through  the  same  formation  as  on 
the  100-foot  level  before  reaching  the  ore. 

Grand  Prize.— 4oofoot  level:  Face  of  north 
crosscut  advanced  10  feet,  culling  stringers  of  ore. 

Del  Montr.— ist  level:  Norih  drill  from  No.  2 
crosscut  extended  eight  feet  showing  good  ore  very 
near  full  size  of  drift  North  drill  from  joint  cross- 
cut cxiendL'd  nine  feet;  face  continues  ail  in  good 
ore;  average  assay  car  sample,  $287.  Drift  does  not 
lake  all  the  ore,  as  it  shows  on  txjth  sides.  2d  level: 
Joint  crosscut  extended  19  feet,  cutting  small  seams 
of  spar  and  pyrites.  3d  level:  Nori"h  drift  from 
joint  crosscut  advanced  ir  feet  through  low-grade 
ore,  with  slight  ttow  of  water. 

Commonweai-TH.— 1st  level:  East  drift  from  No. 
I  north  drilt  has  been  extended  8  feci;  ore  2  feet 
thick;  getting  wider  as  the  drift  is  adv.inced.  .;ih 
level:  North  gangway  extended  15  feet  without 
change;  north  drill  from  south  gangway  has 
been  run  in  10  feel,  face  being  all  in  ore,  some  of 
which  is  high  grade,  average  of  first-class  $326.89 
per  Ion,  The  slopes  throuehout  the  mine  continue 
to  look  well.  Hoisted  during  ihe  week  950  tons  of 
ore.  all  of  which  has  been  sent  to  mill  and  concen- 
trating plant.  Average  battery  assay  at  the  mill 
$250.63  per  ton;  average  at  concentrators  $17.85  per 
ton.  Billion  shipment  for  the  week,  $48,78d.ii. 
Everything  working  well. 

ARIZONA. 

Nearly  Finished.— Mohave  Miner,  March  i; 
The  Atlantic  Mining  Company's  mill,  Wallapai 
mouniains,  is  neariog  completion.  John  Sandoval 
is  taking  out  some  good  ore  from  his  claim  near  the 
C.  O.  D.  mine.  Jack  Thomas  and  M.  W.  Harvey 
are  taking  good  ore  from  the  Prince  George  north, 
Stockton  Hill.  Tom  McMahon  will  soon  make  a 
shipment  of  high-grade  ore  (rom  the  Prince  George 
south,  Siockton  Hill.  Work  i^  progressing  steadily 
at  the  Green  Linnet  mine.  Union  Ba'^in.  It  will 
not  be  a  great  while  before  a  mill  will  be  erected. 
J.  M.  Owen  has  made  a  discovery-  at  the  head  of 
Crow  canyon,  in  Cedar  district,  which  promises  to 
prove  valuable.  The  croppings  are  very  rich  in 
horn  silver.  W.  W.  CUck  and  S.  A.  Tyler,  leasees 
at  the  C.  O.  D.,  have  ready  for  shipment  180  sacks 
of  ore,  which  is  of  good  g'ade,  besides  a  carload  to 
assort.  They  have  a  nice  bunch  of  ore  in  sight  in 
the  mine,  which  ihey  will  lose  no  lime  in  extracting. 
The  Kmgman  Sampling  Co.  intend  to  build  new 
works  west  of  the  water  tank,  opposite  the  Arizona 
Sampling  Works.  The  present  ore  floors  are  en- 
tirely too  small  to  handle  the  large  quantities  of  ore 
coming  to  them.  The  new  works  will  possess  a  lar- 
ger crusher  and  be  driven  by  steam.  E.  F.  Thomp*- 
son  has  a  force  of  eight  men  employed  in  the  Em- 
pire No.  2,  Chloride.  There  is  opened  a  block  of 
ground  100x60  which  will  be  immediately  sloped, 
and  as  the  ore  body  is  ij^  to  4  feet  in  width,  large 
and  regular  shipments  are  expected  from  this  prop- 
erty. Steve  Hinkle  made  a  shipment  last  week  from 
his  Retort  mine,  Mineral  Park,  which  worked  near- 
ly 400  ounces  silver  per  ton.  The  last  two  years 
Mr.  Hinkle  has  spent  in  the  southern  part  of  the 
Territory,  but  about  two  months  ago  he  returned  to 
Mohave  county,  and  considers  it  the  best  mineral 
belt  in  the  Territory. 

COLORADO. 

Red  Elephant.— Georgetown  Courier,  Feb.  27: 
The  Red  Elephant  mine  is  reported  to  be  again  in 
bonanza.  A  foot  of  $500  ore  has  been  struck  in  the 
lower  level  on  the  Swartz  shaft.  Mr.  Daily,  the  su- 
perintendent, whom  fortune  has  favored  in  all  his 
mining  undertakings,  is,  we  understand,  the  princi- 
lessee  in  developing  the  ground  in  which  the 
strike  was  made. 

Le-ssees. — Three  sets  of  lessees  are  op-^rating  on 
the  Burrell.  and  each  making  about  $5  a  day  to  the 
man.  The  last  millrun  by  Simmons  &  Stanton  re- 
turned 3  4-10  ozs.  gold,  45  ozs.  silver  per  ton  and  7 
per  cent  copper.  D  m  Forrest's  lease  opened  out 
into  an  8-inch  streak  of  solid  mineral  last  week. 
The  company  continues  sinking  the  shaft,  which 
is  now  about  150  feet  deep. 

Oil. — A  Pittsburg  syndicate  is  leasing  the  land 
about  Morrison,  Jefferson  county,  for  a  long  term  of 
years,  for  the  purpose  of  sinking  oil  wells.  It  has 
long  been  supposed  that  oil  can  be  found  in  paying 
quantities,  as  frequently  the  sandstone  is  thoroughly 
saturated  with  petroleum.  It  is  the  intention  of  the 
syndicate  to  commence  sinking  several  wells  as  soon 
as  the  land  is  secured,  and  if  necessary,  go  to  the 
depth  of  3000  feet. 

Democrat  Mountain,  which  has  long  been  in 
the  slough  of  the  dumps,  is  beginning  lo  cheer  up 
the  hearts  of  the  miners  who  have  staid  by  its  mines 
through  the  years  of  depression.  Sheets  &  Co.,  who 
have  been  pegging  away  for  three  years  with  but  one 
small  pocket  of  ore  during  that  lime  which  paid  (or 
their  salt,  are  making  large  shipments  of  an  excel- 
lent grade  of  ore.  L,  E.  Davis  on  the  Silver  Glance, 
is  also  in  good  ore,  and  has  had  several  excellent 
runs.  The  tide  which  has  been  against  P,  McNuIiy 
for  these  many  years  is  beginning  to  turn,  and  the 
Fred  Rogers  bids  fair  to  come  to  the  front  again. 

DAKOTA. 

Chlorination.  —  Deadwood  Pioneer,  Feb.  26: 
It  has  been  practically  demonstrated  that  the  Black 
Hills  refractory  gold  ores  can  be  successfully  and 
economically  treated  by  a  process  ot  chlorination. 
This  was  proven  to  the  satisf.iction  of  every  one  in- 
terested by  operations  last  fall  at  Keith's  Garden 
City  plant.  Col.  Carpenter's  works  are  just  com- 
pleted in  this  city,  and  not  later  than  March  ist  will 
be  in  fnU  operation  on  ore  from  the  Golden  Reward 
mine,  Bald  mountain.  Col.  Carpenter  does  not 
claim,  nor  does  he  expect  to  be  able,  to  save  what 
silver  the  ores  may  contain.  He  does  calculate, 
however,  on  saving  from  85  to  90  per  cent  of  the 
gold  assay  value  of  the  rock  treated.  The  process 
to  be  applied  is  that  covered  by  the  Newberry- Vau- 
tin  patents. 

IDAHO. 

Two  Big  Discoveries.— Elmore  Bulletin,  Feb. 
22;    The  crowning  event  of  the  week  has  been   the 


rich  discoveries  made  in  the  Republic  and  the  I-ost 
Lode  mines.  Eugene  Lison,  the  owner  of  the  Re- 
public lode  claim,  the  eastern  extension  ol  the 
Ophir,  has  encountered  in  the  crosscut  recently 
driven,  alwut  six  feel  of  $100  rock.  The  vein  is 
well  defined  and  gives  every  evidence  of  perma- 
nency. This,  together  wiih  the  developments  on  the 
western  extension  of  the  Ophir,  prove  beyond  a 
doubt  the  absolute  continuity  of  the  vein  for  at  least 
4000  feet.  The  owners  of  thr  Lost  Lode,  the  west- 
ern extension  of  the  Queen  Bess  mine,  have  also 
abundant  cause  for  rejoicing.  Ten  feet  of  $30  ore 
he  voluntarily  swears  to,  and  with  slight  urging  very 
readily  increases  the  width  of  the  lode  to  15  feel, 
and  the  v.ilue  of  ihe  quariz  in  proportion.  The 
owners  of  the  Queen  Bess  naturally  (eel  much  elated 
over  Patterson's  success,  and  it  is  in  truth  a  ciuse 
foi"  mutual  congratulations.  The  reward  for  pluck 
and  hard  work  in  the  above  instance':  js  well  merit- 
ed, and  these  new  discoveries  will  help  to  swell  the 
mining  boom  that  is  sure  lo  strike  Rocky  Bar  early 
in  the  coming  summer. 

Strike  in  the  Gold  Hill.— D.  R.  Dealy,  fore- 
man of  the  Gold  Hill  mine,  owned  by  the  Pine 
Grove  Mining  Co.  of  St.  Louis,  writes  a  lew  lines  to 
the  Bulletin  saying  that  they  had  cut  a  big  and  rich 
ledge  in  the  lower  tunnel  of  the  Gold  Hill,  at  a 
depth  of  500  feet.  It  is  four  feet  wide  and  all  high- 
grade  ore,  running  (rom  $[oo  upward  to  the  ton. 
Mr.  Dealy  thinks  the  point  where  they  made  this 
strike  is  nearly  underneath  the  shaft  sunk  last  win- 
ter. The  Pine  Grove  Co.  allowed  its  mill  and  mines 
to  be  s  Id  for  taxej  (^ubjfct  to  redemption  of  course) 
and  since  then  attachments  to  the  extent  of  $2581.- 
25,  for  labor,  have  been  placed  upon  the  property. 
This  recent  development  will  doubtless  cause  the 
owners  of  the  mine  and  mill  lo  redeem  the  property 
sold  for  taxes,  pay  off  its  laborers  and  make  a  new 
start  for  the  hidden  wealth  in  their  claims. 

C<i:uR  d'Alene. — Wardner  Ncios,  Feb.  22:  It 
is  pleasing  to  note  the  many  marks  of  preparation 
visible  on  every  side  for  the  active  campaign  of  the 
coming  season.  Cceur  d'.Mene  will  be  a  little 
world  of  itself,  eagerly  sought  tor  by  ambitious  trav- 
elers. Aside  from  the  continued  and  increased 
development  of  our  present  producing  mines,  others 
will  come  to  sight  in  rapid  succession  instituting  a 
pleasing  rivalry  with  their  older  neighbors.  Pon- 
derous machinery  will  be  brought  from  all  direc- 
tions over  our  lines  of  travel  and  all  the  necessary 
and  modern  appliances  will  be  introduced  in  all 
our  working  mines,  electric  lights  will  constitute 
one  of  the  many  improvements,  and  the  new 
drill,  operated  by  electricity,  will  be  added  to 
the  prospector's  outfit,  as  the  power  to  operate  it 
can  be  carried  easily  and  inexpensively  to  all  points 
where  its  service  is  required.  Numbers  of  hoisting 
plants  are  already  ordered  and  the  building  of  con- 
cenirators  will  commence  with  the  opening  of  spring. 
The  dam  of  the  Bunker  Hill  &SuUivan  Mining  Co., 
at  the  mouth  of  Elk  creek,  was  finished  on  Thurs- 
day. A  small  force  of  men  is  still  working  on 
the  flume. 

LOWER    CALIFORNIA. 

Alamo. — Lower  Cali/ornian,  Feb.  28:  A  com- 
plete Wiswell  quartz  mill  arrived  on  the  Newbern 
yesterday  from  San  Francisco  for  W.  S.  Kerr  and 
son,  of  Alamo.  Col.  Lucas  is  about  to  start  up  his 
mill  in  Mexican  Gulch  on  200  tons  of  ore  from  the 
Centipede,  Visnagre,  Bennett's  G'-anite  Mountain 
mine,  and  Nuestra  S^nora  de  Guadalupe  mine. 
They  are  all  located  in  the  Gulch  and  are  said  to  be 
good  properties.  Most  of  the  mines  at  Mexican 
and  American  Gulches  have  been  neglected  in  con- 
sequence of  the  rich  inducements  offered  at  Alamo. 
But  Mexican  Gulch  is  all  right  and  some  good  re- 
ports can  be  expected  from  there.  The  big  pump 
for  the  El  Paso  Company  has  arrived  and  will  be 
put  to  work  on  the  El  Paso  mine.  This  company's 
mill  is  running  steadily  and  must  be  turning  out 
considerable  gold.  Thirteen  tons  of  ore  from  the 
Aurora  mine,  run  through  Lane's  mill  the  other  day. 
yielded  $500.  L^ne*s  mill  has  been  grinding  on  rock 
Irom  the  Aurora  mine,  of  which  Postmaster 
Gonzalez  is  superintendent  and  part  owner. 
Many  of  the  boys  are  sailing  close  to  the 
wind  these  days,  with  bacon,  beans  and  flour. 
Potatoes  are  away  up  to  lo  cents  a  pound.  It 
costs  you  50  cents  to  handle  a  pound  of  salt 
junk  or  bacon.  Hay  is  $  100  a  ton,  and 
lard,  three  pounds  for  a  dollar.  Crackers,  three 
pounds  for  a  dollar.  Eggs,  75  cents  a  dozen. 
Flour  and  fresh  beef  are  the  cheapest  things  in 
the  camp.  Competition  has  reduced  the  price  of 
flour  to  $8  per  100  pounds  for  best  Ensenada,  and 
37  for  No.   I   Ryerson. 

MONTANA. 

The  Moody  and  SA>iK.KY,—/'t/€r-Afountain, 
Feb.  27:  The  extension  of  the  bond  on  the  Moody, 
Sankey,  Kossuih  and  Iowa  claims,  in  the  Independ- 
ence district,  is  an  extension  of  six  months  on  the 
original  bond.  These  properties  are  being  devel- 
oped under  bond  by  a  St.  Louis  syndicate,  under 
charge  of  Major  B  J.  Fine.  There  are  three  veins 
on  the  properties,  the  Sankey  vein  on  the  south,  the 
Moody  vein  in  the  middle  and  the  Kossuth  vein  on 
the  norlh.  An  excellent  surlace  equipment  wa'^  pur- 
chased and  put  up  and  the  machinery  is  capable  of 
sinking  the  shaft  to  the  depth  of  600  feet.  Sinking 
was  begun  on  the  Moody  vein  and  this  shaft  is  now 
225  feet  deep.  The  ledge  varied  all  the  way  from  6 
to  12  feet  of  excellent  ore.  At  the  deplh  mentioned, 
a  crosscut  was  start*  d  north  to  develop  the  Kossuth 
vein.  This  crosscut  has  now  progressed  155  feet 
and  it  will  be  necessary  for  it  to  go  200  feet  further 
before  striking  the  vein.  This  makes  a  long  cross- 
cut, but  it  is  cheaper  than  to  sink  on  the  Kossuth 
vein.  When  this  development  is  finished  a  second 
crosscut  will  be  run  south  to  catch  the  Sankey  vein. 
This  crosscut  will  be  about  80  feet  in  length  when 
finished.  This  development  of  the  Moody  &  San- 
key group  of  mines  has  proceeded  in  a  very  perma- 
nent and  conservative  manner.  The  shaft  is  a  two 
compartment,  4%  by  8  feet  in  the  clear,  and  the 
parties  have  expended  $18,000  on  the  property  since 
the  first  of  last  August. 

TiiE  Camp  of  Champion.  —  Anaconda  Review, 
Feb.  20:  Champion  is  the  camp  of  Oro  Fino  dis- 
trict, and  is  assuming  proportions  that  would  satisfy 
any  one  of  its  permanency.  The  buildings  planned 
for  the  future  are  to  be  modern  structures  of  the 
most  substantial  and  imposing  styles.  There  are 
hundreds  of  good  prospects,  many  of  which  are  be- 
ing  vigorously    developed.     In   nearly    every    case 


where  any  depth  is  reached,  ore  in  large  or  small 
quantities  is  lound.  The  mines  that  have  a  depth 
o(  250  feet  are  paying,  which  is  evidence  sufVicient 
that  deep  mining  is  the  character  of  Ihe  camp. 
Eleven  steam  hoists  arc  in  operation  near  Cham- 
pion, and  the  forces  at  work  are  being  enlarged. 

NEW  MEXICO. 

A/.TEc- SL'/a/r.oest  Sen/ine/.  Feb.  25:  Recently 
a  big  sirike  was  made  in  the  Kleptomania  vein  on 
the  Aztec  property  at  Pmos  Altos.  The  ore  is  very 
rich  and  will  yield  between  $13,000  and  $15,000 
per  ton.  About  one  ton  has  been  taken  out  and 
there  is  considerable  more  in  sight.  Yesterday 
there  was  a  cleanup  at  the  Aztec  mill  after  41  hours 
run.  Twenty  tons  of  concentrate  worth  $63  net 
per  ton,  and  about  two  ounces  of  gold  for  each  ton 
of  ore  was  saved.  Sam  Green,  a  miilman  of  much  ex- 
perience, says  it  is  the  best  cleanup  he  ever  saw  in 
New  Mexico.  Another  gold  brick  was  brought  in 
this  week  (rom  the  Little  Fannie  mine  in  the  Mo- 
gollons  and   shipped   to   the   San    Francisco   mint. 

Grevback,  GuLCi!.  — Kingston  S/ur/t,  Feb.  22: 
Accompanied  by  Mr.  Wm.  Harris  and  A.  W.  Far- 
ringion,  last  Monday,  a  representative  of  the  Shajt 
visiied  the  Animas  Peak  mining  district,  in  search 
of  "strikes"  and  the  rumors  thereof.  After  passing 
through  Hillsborough  we  wended  our  way  across 
the  hill  to  Greyback  gulch,  about  six  miles  north- 
east of  our  county  capital,  and  up  said  gulch  to  the 
foot  of  Black  Peak,  where  we  were  agreeably  sur- 
prised to  find  a  lively  little  camp;  prospectors  and 
miners  all  in  good  spirits.  W.  H.  McDonald  is 
interested  with  Mr.  J,  H.  Crane  and  others  in  sev- 
eral good  properties.  By  invitation  of  Mr.  J.  T. 
Clark  we  visited  the  Chance  mine,  owned  by  Mr. 
Crark,  J.  W.  Brooks  and  others,  from  which  they 
are  taking  out  and  sacking  ore  assaying  from  $250 
to  $800  in  gold  per  ton;  the  lead  being  exposed  m 
several  places  for  a  distance  of  1500  feet,  and  show- 
ing pay  ore  wherever  exposed.  We  were  shown 
some  very  fine  ore  by  Mr.  N.  R.  Watkins,  taken 
from  bis  Monarch  and  Blind  Tiger  claims.  These 
properties  lie  in  the  vicinity  of  the  well-known 
O'Kelly  mine.  Plenty  of  water  is  found  in  Grey- 
back  gulch  at  a  depth  of  10  or  15  feet  (rom  the  sur- 
face. Messrs.  Woolsey  and  Farrington  own  the 
west  extension  of  the  Chance  lode,  and  have  done 
considerable  work,  which  shows  up  well.  They 
have  several  tons  of  ore  on  the  dump,  which  will 
give  returns  of  $20  and  upward  per  ton  in  gold. 

UTAH. 

A  Boom.— Salt  Lake  Tribune.  March  i:  "Yes, 
we're  going  to  have  a  boom  in  the  mining  business 
this  spring,"  said  a  leading  broker  yesterday.  *'  and 
if  it  wasn't  that  the  snow  is  fighting  for  existence 
so  sturdily  and  so  unusually,  it  would  have  started 
before  this.  For  example,  1  have  a  number  of  prop- 
erties on  the  market,  and  although  I  say  it,  they  are 
good  ones.  At  the  same  time  I  have  a  number  of 
intending  purchasers  (rom  the  East,  and  one  of 
them  has  been  patiently  waiting  here  for  nearly  six 
weeks  to  get  a  chance  to  see  the  claims  he  is  willing 
to  buy  if  they  are  as  good  as  represented.  Once 
the  snow  flies— flies  away— business  will  boom." 
"  You  might  say  for  one  thing,'' said  another  gen- 
tleman, well  versed  in  the  mining  industry  of  Utah, 
"  that  in  the  search  for  wealth,  the  hills  in  the  im- 
mediate vicinity  of  this  city  have  never  received  a 
fair  show.  A  little  prospecting  has  been  done,  and 
a  little  ore  occasionally  finds  its  way  to  market,  but 
it  has  been  done  in  a  half-hearted  sort  of  way.  I 
have  no  doubt  that  a  systematic  examination  would 
be  a  paying  investment  for  any  one  that  would  go 
into  the  business."  *'  The  snow  blockades  we  have 
had  tend  to  keep  back  ore  shipments,  and  of  course 
trade  is  a  little  dull,"  observed  a  gentleman  con- 
nected with  one  of  the  assay  ofiices  of  this  city; 
"  but  there  is  one  good  thing  you  may  report  to- 
day—lead  is  advancing.  It  is  quoted  at  $3.85,  as 
against  $3.75.  Heavy  shippers  can  do  well  at  either 
of  those  quotations,  but  the  smaller  operators  have 
to  hustle  when  it  drops  below  $4."  ''Talking 
about  new  properties,"  said  another  broker,  "  there 
are  half  a  dozen  going  on  the  market  this  spring. 
They  will  all  be  worked  by  stock  companies,  and 
include  coal,  iron,  gypsum,  lead,  Hme,  the  latter  to 
be  taken  from  a  marble  that  will  give  95.2  per  cent 
of  a  pure  carbonate  of  lime.  Oh,  yes,  business  will 
boom,  and  there  are  more  millions  of  money  in  the 
rocks  of  Utah  than  its  best  friends  ever  dreamed  of, 
or  could  even  count.'' 

Closed  Down. — Park  Record,  March  i:  Yes- 
terday work  was  suspended  on  the  Comstock  prop- 
erty, situated  up  Thayne's  canyon.  However,  the 
suspension  of  work  will  be  only  temporary,  or  until 
the  winter  breaks  up  and  permits  the  proposed 
hoisting  works  to  be  erected.  The  character  and 
permanency  of  the  vein  have  been  definitely  estab- 
lished, and  when  the  company  gets  to  operating 
at  depth,  great  results  are  confidently  looked  for. 

Camp  Crosscuts.— Comparatively  few  mining 
claim  locations  have  been  made  since  the  middle  of 
January.  Leaser  Thackwell  will  resume  develop- 
ment on  the  Park  City  Mining  Go's  group  as  soon 
as  the  weather  permits.  White  &  Thackwell  have 
secured  a  lease  and  bond  on  a  desirable  piece  of 
ground  situated  on  the  course  of  the  Woodside 
lead.  A  whim  is  being  put  up  over  the  Silver  King 
shaft,  up  Woodside  gulch,  and  developments  will 
now  go  ahead  with  greater  vigor.  J.  H.  Steele  is 
working  a  few  men  on  his  property  below  town  and 
expects  to  increase  the  force  considerably  as  soon  as 
the  weather  moderates.  A  small  force  of  men  is 
kept  at  work  by  the  leasers  on  the  Nevada-North- 
land, and  a  big  lot  of  high-grade  ore  is  on  the 
dump  for  shipment.  Smith  Ehenger  is  pushing 
work  on  the  Rosebud  property,  in  the  near  vicinity 
of  the  Anchor.  Developments  in  the  face  of  the 
tunnel  and  also  in  the  main  crosscut  are  of  a  very 
favorable  nature. 

Ore  and  Bullion  Shipments, — The  Ontario 
made  a  big  shipment  of  ore  this  week  to  the  sam- 
pler. No  bullion  or  sulphides  were  shipped  from 
the  Marsac  mill  this  week.  The  Ontario  bullion 
product  for  the  week  was  46  bars,  containing  30,- 
955,67  fine  ounces  of  silver.  Gitsch  &  Campbell's 
shipment  of  ore  from  the  Crescent's  upper  or  leased 
workings  (or  the  month  of  February  amounted  to 
about  Ko  tons,  being  lot  No.  2. 

For  the  week  just  ended  the  Mackintosh  s:;mpler 
received  and  forwarded  948,430  pounds  of  On- 
tario ore:  280,260  of  Daly;  144,350  of  May 
Flower,  No.  7,  leasers,  and  80,750  pounds  of 
Woodside  ore;  total,  i.453>790  pounds. 


166 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press, 


[Mar.  8,  1890 


n^ECHAJMIGAL  PROGRESS. 


The  Manufacture  of  Steel  Direct  from 
tlie  Ore, 

An  iuvention  for  the  prodaction  of  steel 
direct  from  the  ore  by  one  ooDtiououa  heat,  for 
which  a  nnmber  of  United  Sbates  patents  have 
recently  been  granted,  promises  to  revolationtzs 
the  manufacture  of  iron  and  steel  and  attract 
wide  attention;  also  to  prore  an  important 
factor  in  the  development  of  the  resources  of 
the  South.  The  claims,  made  for  this  new  proc- 
ess are  that  by  one  and  the  same  heat,  and  by 
a  oontinuous  proceas,  steel  for  mechanical  and 
structural  purposes  can  be  made  at  a  very 
material  reduction  from  present  cost  of  manu- 
facture, and  that  by  this  method  phosphorus 
iron  ores  can  be  utilized  for  the  manufacture  of 
every  grade  of  steel  as  readily  as  high-grade 
Bsssemer  ores.  The  inventor,  Ool,  William  i. 
Mason  McOarty,  a  well-known  engineer  chem- 
ist, has  spent  many  years  in  perfecting  this 
process,  and  it  is  claimed  has,  by  practical 
tests,  proven  and  demonstrated  its  entire 
Buocess. 

The  process  is  one  founded  on  well-known 
chemical  and  physical  principles  for  reducing 
ores  to  metal  at  a  minimum  cost.  The  special 
mode  of  treatment  of  the  ores  Is  such  that  by 
it  the  phosphorus  and  sulphur,  the  silica  and 
titanum,  are,  it  is  said,  entirely  eliminated. 
By  the  form  of  furnace  used  in  this  prooeaSf  the 
metal  undergoes  not  only  a  reduction  but  a 
mechanical  puddling  and  compression  equivalent 
to  a  hammer  and  compression  of  the  metal, 
while  the  product,  it  is  claimed,  will  be  a 
superior  metal  for  industrial,  mechanical  and 
structural  purposes.  By  this  method,  the  re- 
duction of  ores  to  metal  requires  that  the  ores 
6rst  be  finely  pulverizad;  they  are  then  placed 
in  the  roaster  over  the  top  of  the  furnace 
proper,  tlirough  which  passes  all  the  wasted 
heat  of  the  furnace,  roasting  out  all  the  excess 
of  sulphur  contained  in  the  ores,  and  this  be- 
fore they  reach  the  furnace  fire  proper.  The 
ores  and  flux,  thus  intimately  mixed,  pass  into 
the  body  of  the  furnace;  there  they  are  again 
mixed  with  the  finely  pulverized  coal  or  coke, 
or  the  carbonaceous  matter  to  be  used  (when  it 
has  been  decided  to  use  the  solid  fuel),  and  ex- 
posed to  the  detrisive  action  of  the  ascending 
fiames  from  below,  and  from  the  moment  they 
enter  the  furnace  every  particle  of  the  finely 
divided  orea  and  flux  is  exposed  to  the  calorific 
action  of  the  fuel  in  falling  from  shelf  to 
shelf  of  the  furnace. 

The  impurities,  such  as  phosphorus  and 
sulphur,  leave  the  metal  at  the  moment  of 
fusion.  The  chemical  afficity  of  these  impuri- 
ties having  had  their  molecular  balance  dis- 
turbed by  the  excessive  heat,  immediately  com- 
bine with  the  basic  flux,  leaving  the  metal  in  a 
state  of  purity  not  heretofore  obtained  by  any 
other  process. 

At  the  moment  of  fusion,  the  metal  by  its 
gravity  falls  from  shelf  to  ehelf,  exposed  to  the 
action  of  the  fiame,  turning  each  and  every 
time  a  new  surface  to  the  reducing  energy  of 
the  flame,  receiving  a  mechanical  puddling  and 
burning  out  the  excess  of  the  silica  or  any  trace 
of  phosphorus  or  sulphur  yet  remaining,  after 
which  they  are  withdrawn  into  the  lower  bosh 
of  the  furnace. 

Here,  the  air-blowlng  and  burning  out  of  sil- 
icates and  carbon -are  completed,  when  the 
metal  undergoes  the  carbonizing  process  and  is 
given  the  required  amount  of  carbon  for  the 
purpose  to  which  it  is  to  be  applied.  The 
molten  metal  is  now  conveyed  into  a  heated 
vacuum  chamber,  where  all  the  occluded  gases 
are  withdrawn  by  the  vacuum  maintained  in  a 
large  receiver,  connected  by  hydraulic  piping 
immersed  in  water  for  condensation  of  the  heat 
of  the  gases,  thus  rendering  the  metal  a  solid, 
homogeneous  mass  of  the  same  quality  through- 
oat,  **  a  hammered  steel  in  molecular  struct- 
ure." The  ingots  and  castings  are  one  mass 
a\ike  in  structure — solid,  free  from  blow-holes, 
and  of  a  fine,  fibrous  structure,  particularly 
fitting  it  for  indastrial  and  mechanical  use,  for 
ordnance,  armor  plates,  etc. 

The  value  of  gas  as  a  reducing  agent  is  ac- 
knowledged by  all,  but  heretofore  no  one  has 
devised  a  practical  form  of  furnace  to  utilize 
the  whole  calorific  energy  of  the  fuel.  By  this 
system  all  the  heat  units  of  the  fuel  render  a 
quid  pro  quo  for  cost,  And  a,\\  the  heat  is  util- 
ized In  some  portion  of  the  process. 

The  purification  of  the  matal  begins  with  the 
roasting,  and  once  an  atom  of  sulphur  or  phos> 
phorus  leaves  the  metal,  it  is  taken  up  and 
firmly  bound  by  the  basic  flax.  The  simple 
fact  of  reducing  the  ores  to  a  finely  divided 
state  allows  a  more  equal  distribution  of  heat, 
hence  an  economy  ot  fuel,  and  while  in  this 
state  mixed  intimately  with  the  flux  at  the 
moment  of  fusion,  when  the  molecular  balance 
of  the  ore  is  disturbed  and  the  Impurities  of 
phosphorus  and  sulphur  set  free,  the  highly 
heated  flux  having  a  reactive  affinity  for  them, 
takes  up  and  holds  them  in  a  slag. — Manu' 
faciurerei'  Record.' 

The  Substitution  of  Iron  or  Steel  for. 
Machinery  is  rapidly  gaining  ground.  It  is 
poor  economy  to  use  wood  in  any  piece  of  ma- 
chinery— mill  machinery  especially — when  it  is 
possible  to  substitute  metal.  The  American 
Miller,  in  speaking  of  this  matter,  says:  "  Sup- 
pose you  erect  a  building  as  nearly  fire-proof  as 
your  means  and  expedience  will  permit,  and 
then  apply  to  an  iosurance  company  to  give 
yoa  a  rate  on  it.  You  v^ill  not  have  much  to  com* 


plain  of;  the  insurance  folks  will  charge  you  a 
premium  that  is  almost  nominal  compared  with 
that  charged  for  ordinary  manufacturing  risks. 
Then  fill  the  building  up  with  roller-mills, 
smutters,  purifiers,  reels  and  elevator  legs,  and 
start  them  all  in  motion.  Make  another  appli- 
cation for  insurance,  and  you  will  be  astonished 
a  second  time;  not,  however,  at  the  cheapness 
of  the  insurance,  but  at  the  steepness  of  it. 
There  are  a  good  many  fire-proof  buildings  that 
are  not  fire  proof  after  they  are  occupied,  so 
combustible  are  the  ordinary  implements  and 
belongings  of  life.  The  risk  in  the  case  just 
cited  is  twofold — the  risk  of  machinery  in  mo- 
tion and  the  oombastible  character  of  the  ma- 
chines used.  Against  the  risk  of  running  ma- 
chinery there  is  little  to  provide,  except  to 
cause  a  dearth  of  material  on  which  an  incip- 
ient blaze  may  feed.  But  the  machines  thr^m- 
selves  could  be  greatly  improved  from  a  fire- 
hazard  standpoint  by  the  substitution  of  metal 
for  wood.  There  are  fashions  in  machinery, 
and,  unfortunately,  from  time  immemorial, 
wood  has  been  the  fashion  in  fl)nr-miUs.  Bat 
now  metal,  and  especially  steel,  is  becoming  so 
oheap  that  wood  should  be  supplanted.  Let 
the  next  man  who  brings  out  a  milting  machine 
get  figures  on  the  relative  cost  and  weight  of  a 
steel  and  hard-wood  frame.  We  doubt  if  some 
machinery-builders  know  how  greatly  cheap 
ened  steel  has  become  in  the  past  two  or  three 
years.  It  is  the  cheapest  thing  in  the  world  of 
manufactured  goods  to-day,  and  ought  soon  to 
take  its  rightful  place  as  the  common  imple- 
ment of  industry.  We  are  living  in  a  veritable 
age  of  steel,  though  but  few  have  realized  the 
full  import  of  the  fact. " 

Iron  Buildings  Made  Earthquake  Proof. 
A  cathedral  is  in  process  of  construction  at 
Manilla  the  materials  of  which  will  be  almost 
wholly  boiler  and  cast  iron.  The  design  is 
original,  with  two  tall  steeples  at  the  front  end 
and  a  number  of  short  spires  ever  each  abut- 
ment, "When  finished,  it  will  be  painted  in  imi- 
tation of  stone.  Inside,  the  church  is  162  feet 
long  by  70  wide;  the  hight  to  the  tops  of  the 
arches  is  52  feet.  There  are  two  towers,  19 
feet  sqnaro  and  170  feet  high  from  the  ground 
to  the  top  of  the  mid-vane.  The  walls  are  of 
double  plate  iron,  with  a  space  of  30  Inches  be- 
tween the  plates.  The  decorative  work  is  of 
cast  iron.  The  total  weight  of  iron  in  the 
building  is  1600  tons.  The  whole  is  so  com- 
pletely tied  and  bound  together  that  it  Is  con- 
sidered absolutely  earthquake-proof.  It  is 
probable  that  similar  structures  will  be  erected 
not  only  in  Manilla,  but  in  the  various  cities 
and  towns  of  the  Phlllipine  Archipelago,  and 
there  is  no  apparent  reason  why  the  architect- 
ural iron  manufacturers  of  the  United  States 
should  not  supply  the  material  for  them,  or 
why  such  buildings  might  not  be  put  up  on  this 
coast.  The  expense  is  said  to  be  but  little  if 
any  more  than  is  involved  in  stone  or  brick. 


American  Mining  Machinery  to  Be  Made 
IN  England  — Frazar  &  Chalmers  of  Ohicago, 
probably  the  largest  manufacturers  of  mining 
machinery  in  the  world,  are  about  to  erect  a 
large  establishment  In  England  for  the  purpose 
of  manufacturing  their  machinery  in  that 
.country.  It  is  said  that  the  business  of  this 
firm  now  reaches  about  33,000,000  a  year,  mak- 
ing it  almost  impossible  to  handle  it  from  one 
distributing  point,  They  make  shipments  to 
Europe,  Australia,  Asia  and  Africa,  and  have 
heretofore  been  compelled  to  ship  to  London, 
and  from  there  to  the  various  destinations  of 
the  consignments.  Hence  they  have  decided 
to  establish  a  branch  in  Eagland,  near  London, 
where  they  will  manufacture  and  ship  direct, 
without  tbe  additional  trouble  and  expense  of 
reshipment  of  American  machinery,  which  they 
are  at  present  compelled  to  undergo.  Divid  S. 
Frazer  will  go  to  Eagland  to  superintend  the 
erection  of  the  works.  This  movement  has 
given  rise  to  a  report  that  an  Eaglish  syndicate 
has  bought  oat  their  Chicago  plant. 

Steel  for  Shipbuilding. — Steel  may  now 
be  considered  as  the  material  of  which  ships 
are  built,  and  the  steady  progress  made  in  the 
adoption  of  this  metal,  on  the  Clyde  at  least, 
is  shown  by  the  fact  that,  whereas  in  1S79  the 
percentage  of  steel  to  the  total  tonnage  was 
only  about  10;^,  last  year  it  was  no  less  than 
97.2  of  the  whole.  In  a  year  witnessing  such  a 
rise  in  price  of  steel  and  iron  as  1889,  this  has 
had  a  decided  effect  on  the  cost  of  shipbuilding, 
and  compared  with  18SS,  prices  of  vessels  have 
shown  an  advance  of  45  per  cent  in  some  in- 
stances, with  a  smaller  but  considerable  ad- 
vance in  others.  Kren  then  the  profits  of  ship- 
bnilders  are  considered  to  have  ruled  compara- 
tively  small,  the  workmen,  on  the  contrary^ 
having  by  reason  of  the  great  demand  for  their 
services  secured  a  handsome  rise  in  their  rate  of 
wages,  and  felt  the  full  influence  of  the  im 
provement  in  their  trade. 

Takes  the  Belt. — A  mammoth  belt,  proba 
bly  the  largest  in  the  world,  has  recently  been 
manufactured  by  the  Munson  Belting  Co.  of 
Chicago  for  the  Brush  Electric  Co.  of  Min 
neapolis,  Minnesota.  The  belt  is  68  inches 
wide,  126  feet  in  length,  and  weighs  1600 
pounds.  It  is  a  perfectly  rivetless  belt,  that 
company  holding  to  the  opinion  that  the  mate 
rial  of  ri'veted  belts  is  greatly  weakened  by  the 
rivets.  Their  belts  are  cemented,  and  in  fin- 
iehing  are  made  to  pass  between  rollers  having 
250  tons'  pressure. 

Kid  Gloves  just  being  shown  as  the  newest 
are  said  to  be  made  of  oolt-skio, 


SeiENTiFie  Ffiogress. 


The  Eye. 

The  eye,  whether  of  man,  animal  or  insect, 
is  one  of  the  most  wonderful  things  in  nature. 
Batween  man  and  the  insect  its  forms  and  mod- 
ifications are  great  and  varied.  Of  course  in 
man  this  member  is  the  most  perfectly  devel- 
oped; yet  there  is  good  reason  to  believe  that 
its  present  degree  of  perfection  has  been 
reached  only  by  successive  developments  or 
evolutions.  There  is  a  good  degree  of  evidence 
for  the  belief  that  the  eye  of  man,  even  at  a 
comparatively  reoent  period, 
Gould  DistlDgulsb  Only  Two  Colors— Black 
and  Red. 

Science  gives  us  interesting  details  about 
what  the  human  eye  has  been  and  what 
it  may  become.  Tbe  Vedas  of  India,  which 
are  the  most  anoient  written  documents,  says  a 
late  writer,  attest  that  at  times  most  remote, 
but  still  recorded  in  history,  only  two  colors 
were  known — black  and  red.  A  vary  long 
time  elapsed  before  the  eye  could  peroeive  the 
oolor  yellow,  and  a  still  longer  time  before 
green  could  be  distinguished;  and  it  is  remark- 
able that  in  the  most  anoient  language  the  term 
designated  yellowinsensiblypassedtoLhe  signifi- 
cation of  green.  The  Greeks  had,  according  to 
the  generally  received  opinion,  tbe  perception 
of  colors  very  highly  developed,  and  yet 
authors  of  a  more  recent  date  assure  us  that  as 
late  as  the  time  of  Alexander  the  Great  the 
Greek  painters  knew  but  four  colors,  viz., 
white,  black,  red  and  yellow. 

The  very  words  to  designate  blue  and  violet 
were  wanting  to  the  Greeks  in  the  most  ancient 
times  of  their  history,  they  calling  these  colors 
gray  and  black.  It  is  thus  that  the  colors  in 
the  rainbow  were  only  distinguished  gradually 
and  the  great  Aristotle  only  knew  four  of 
them.  It  is  a  well-known  fact  that  when  the 
colors  of  the  prism  arephotogra)>hed  there  re- 
mains outside  the  limit  of  the  blue  and  violet  in 
the  spectrum  a  distinct  impression  which  our 
eyes  do  not  recognize  as  a  color.  FhysioloKists 
tell  us  that  it  is  reasonable  to  suppose  that  as  the 
color  organ  beoomes  more  highly  developed, 
and  even  before  the  human  eye  beoomes  per- 
fect, this  outside  band  will  evolve  into  a  color 
perfectly  discernible. 

A  late  writer  in  Popular  Science  News  says: 
*'  It  is  a  generally  accepted  theory  that  what 
are  called  the  *rods  and  cones  '  in  the  human 
eye  are  the  true  organs  with  which  we  distin- 
guish colors.  These  organs  are  wanting  in 
many  animals,  as,  for  instance,  they  are  want- 
ing in  the  eyes  of  sharks  and  roaches  among 
the  fiabes,  and  in  hedgehogs,  moles  and  bats 
among  mammals,  so  that  if  the  analogy  holds 
good,  these  animals  can  have  no  sense  of  color. 
Among  birds,  the  owl  is  but  scantily  supplied 
with  rods  and  cones,  while  birds  of  prey  which 
fly  by  daylight,  as  gulls  do,  are  more  plentifully 
endowed  with  them.  Through  CKamination  of 
the  human  eye  and  the  way  in  which  it  per- 
ceives color,  it  has  been  concluded  that  to  frogs 
the  whole  world  they  see  is  yellow,  while  to 
certain  birds  tbe  entire  visible  creation  must 
seem  red — the  sky,  the  sun,  the  flowers,  all,  in 
short,  that  comes  within  the  range  of  their 
vision  ia  red,  because  the  construction  of  their 
eyes  permits  of  the  perception  of  no  other  oolor. 
To  them  the  world  must  appear  as  it  does  to  us 
when  we  look  through  a  piece  of  red  glass. 
This  train  of  thought  could  be  carried  much 
further." 

Electro -Magnetic  Disturbances. 

It  is  well  known  that  electro-magnetic  dis- 
turbances on  the  Pacific  Coast  have  occurred 
simultaneously  with  certain  sun  disturbances 
observed  through  the  telescope.  Evidently  the 
electro-magnetic  force  must  have  traveled  from 
the  sun  to  the  earth  with  the  velocity  of  light. 
Twenty  years  ago  Clerk  Maxwell  asserted  that 
light  was  an  electro-magnetic  wave  movement. 
Following  out  his  suggestion,  an  interesting 
series  of  experiments  has  recently  been  made 
by  Prof.  Hertz  of  Brown  University  at  Provi- 
dence, Rhode  Island,  which  show  that  electro- 
dynamic  force  is, like  light,  a  wave  motion,  prop- 
agated through  ether,  and  like  light  subject 
to  reflection,  refraction,  and  concentration  by 
means  of  lenses.  Prof.  Hertz's  experiments 
were  based  on  the  variations  of  an  induction 
current  at  various  distances  from  a  metal  wall, 
r^eflecting  the  primary  current ;  baaed,  in  fact, 
on  the  well-known  phenomena  of  wave  inter- 
ference, and  they  show  the  length  of  an  electro- 
dynamic  ether  wave  to  be  1,72  m.,  its  velocity 
through  space  to  be  300,000  m.  per  second,  or 
identical  with  that  of  light.  By  means  of  a 
metal  reflector,  electro-dynamic  waves  were 
focused,  some  substances,  such  as  wood,  being 
transparent ;  others,  such  as  metal,  being 
opaque,  and  casting  electro-dynamic  shadows. 
A  huge  prism  of  tar,  weighing  1200  pounds, 
showed  that  the  laws  of  refraction  are  analo- 
gous to  those  of  light.  Almost  inflnitesimally 
short  vibrations  of  ether  manifest  themselves 
to  us  as  ohemical  action,  longer  ones  as  light, 
still  longer  waves  as  heat,  and  these  very  long 
waves  as  electro  dynamic  force.  Electro- 
dynamic  force  is  the  low  and  fundamental  base 
of  which  light  and  beat  and  chemical  action 
are  the  high  treble. 


A  New  Composite  Metal. — Schmiedbaren- 
gass  is  the  inconveniently  long  name  given  to  a 
new  composite  metal  for  which  almost  marvel* 
oua  properties  are  olaimed.    It  ia  oompoeed  of 


pig  iron,  wrought  iron,  oopper,  an  aluminum 
bronza  alloy  and  a  flux.  It  is  produced  direct 
from  the  cupola  without  annealing,  yet  it  can 
be  welded  and  hammered  like  iron  or  steel,  and 
can  be  manufactured,  it  is  claimed,  at  a  less 
cost  than  malleable  iron  or  steel  oastings.  At  a 
test  made  Jan.  20tb  in  Louisville,  Kentucky,  it 
is  said  to  have  endured  a  tensile  strain  of  168,- 
000  pounds  per  square  inoh,  that  being  the 
limit  of  that  machine.  The  new  composition  is 
the  discovery  of  Mr,  Hatzfeldt  of  Newport, 
Ky,,  who  has  made  many  experiments  in  pro- 
ducing aluminum. 

Magnetism  or  Adhesion. — At  frequently 
recurring  intervals  the  daily  press  make  an- 
nouncements of  the  alleged  wonderful  "mag- 
netio"  qualities  exhibited  by  certain  indi- 
viduals, who  are  able  to  make  various  sub- 
stances adhere  to  their  hands  without  exerting 
any  muscular  pressure  upon  them.  Tbe  mis- 
cellaneous nature  of  the  bodies  which  are  em- 
braced in  the  list  of  suoh  adherents,  embracing 
wood,  glass,  etc.,  would  at  once  dispel  the 
theory  that  magnetism,  either  "  personal  "  or 
otherwise,  had  anything  to  do  with  the  phe- 
nomena, but  they  are  so  rarely  investigated 
with  the  object  of  reaching  their  true  cause 
that  an  instance  of  the  latter  deserves  atten- 
tion. Such  investigation,  says  the  Germantown 
Telegraph,  has  been  recently  made  by  Br.  W. 
Simon  of  Baltimore,  which  proves  pretty  con- 
clusively that  causes  other  than  magnetism 
must  be  assigned  to  the  observed  facts.  The 
subject  examined  was  able  to  maintain,  by 
mere  contact  with  the  fingers,  a  weight  of  2500 
grammes;  bat  it  was  shown  that  this  power 
was  exercised  only  to  very  smooth  or  highly- 
polished  substances,  glass  being  the  most  favor- 
able in  this  respect.  The  cause  assigned  by 
Br,  Simon  to  account  for  tbe  observed  facts, 
and  which  is  probably  the  correct  one,  is  the 
well-known  adhesion  between  two  bodies 
brought  into  such  close  contact  as  to  exolud« 
the  air  between  them,  the  pressure  of  the  at* 
mosphere  acting  to  maintain  the  bodies  in  con- 
tact. It  is,  therefore,  only  a  question  of  the 
smoothness  of  tbe  skin  which  would  appear  to 
be  the  qualification  necessary  to  enable  any  one 
to  manifest  "magnetic  "  properties. 

War  in  a  Brop  of  Blood.  —  Observations 
recently  made  in  Italy  in  regard  to  the  microbe 
of  malaria  show  that  at  a  certain  period  of  its 
development  this  microscopic  creature  has 
enemiea  to  fight  in  a  globule  of  blood,  and  that 
in  order  to  escape  from  them,  it  makes  use  of 
its  flagella  or  whips  with  which  it  tries  to  beat 
off  tbe  inimical  microbe  that  is  bent  on  ab- 
sorbing it,  and  generally  ends  by  doing  so. 
Here  certainly  is  intelligent  adaptation  of 
means  to  ends;  yet  bow  different  from  ours 
must  be  the  world  that  the  malaria  microbe 
finds  within  a  drop  of  blood  that  runs  within 
us.  The  universe  appears  to  be  as  vast  down- 
ward as  it  is  upward. 

Renderino  Wood  Fire  Proof — If  we  can 
depend  upon  tbe  claims  ol  a  New  England 
chemist,  he  has  made  a  most  wonderful  and 
valuable  discovery.  This  discovery  consists  of 
a  cheap  method  of  dissolving  zinc  by  combin- 
ing it  with  hydrogen,  forming  a  solution  called 
zino  water,  which  has  the  property  of  render- 
ing wood,  to  which  it  has  been  applied,  abso- 
lutely fire-proof.  The  cost  of  the  material  and 
the  application  is  said  to  be  very  light,  and  the 
discovery  will  be  of  the  greatest  value  to  hotel 
and  theater  proprietors  and  the  owners  of  all 
large  buildings. 

A  Curious  Circumstance. — A  curious  cir- 
cumstance is  noted  by  tbe  Tampa  (Fla.)  News: 
An  orange  grove  near  that  place  was  aban- 
doned a  long  time  ago.  The  cars  pass  the 
grove,  and  it  is  said  that  the  row  of  trees  next 
the  car  track  has  a  healthy,  vigorous  appear- 
ance, while  all  the  trees  beyond,  with  one  ex- 
ception, have  a  deathly  pallor,  which  betokens 
early  demise.  Whether  the  thriftiness  of  the 
trees  next  the  track  is  due  to  tbe  trembling  of 
the  ground,  caused  by  passing  trains,  or  to  tbe 
smoke  from  the  engines,  both  or  either,  ia  a 
question. 

Rapid  Flying  of  Bctcks. — A  canvas-back 
duck  flies  at  an  habitual  rate  of  80  miles  per 
hour,  which  is  increased  in  emergency  to  120. 
The  mallard  has  a  flight  of  48  miles  an  hour; 
tbe  black  duck,  pin  tail,  widgeon  and  wood 
duck  cannot  do  much  better.  The  blue-wing 
and  green-wing  teals  can  do  100  miles  an  hour 
and  take  it  easy.  The  red-head  can  fly  all  day 
at  90  miles  per  hour.  The  gadwall  oan  do  90 
miles.  Tbe  flight  of  the  wild  goose  is  100 
miles  per  hour. 

Prizes  for  Biological  Students.  —  Prof. 
C.  A.  Stephens  of  Norway  Lake,  Me.,  having 
come  to  the  conclusion  that  the  time  has  oome 
to  concentrate  upon  the  one  proper  subject  of 
biology,  namely,  the  renovation  and  prolonga- 
tion nf  human  life,  has  offered  three  prizes,  one 
of  $175,  another  of  $125,  and  a  third  of  $100 
for  the  best  three  comparative  demonstrations, 
by  means  of  microscopical  slides,  of  the  blood 
capillaries  in  young  and  aged  tissues,  canine  or 
human. 

Advertising  on  the  Clouds. — According  to 
the  Electric  JVos'ld,  a  Western  inventor  is  en- 
deavoring to  interest  capital  in  his  electrical 
magic  lantern  for  casting  or  reflecting  adver- 
tisements on  the  dark  clouds  that  often  hang 
low  over  a  city.  He  claims  to  have  secured 
contracts  from  several  well-known  firms  for  dis- 
playing their  notioea  in  this  manner. 


Mar.  8,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


167 


Good  He^alth. 

The  Germ  Theory  of  Disease. 

*  [By  Amwj  Ai>AM8.] 

The  wonderfal  and  important  revelatioDB 
that  have  been  made  and  are  oonetantly  being 
made  with  the  microscope  transcend,  in  their 
Importance  to  the  well-baing  of  man,  the  die* 
coveriea  of  all  the  teleeoopes  in  Chriateodom, 
the  monster  Liok  inuluded. 

Soientista  and  microscopiats  tell   us  the  at- 
mosphere we  breathe  is  tilled  with 
LlvlDs:  Omanlsms, 

And  that  there  are  epeoies  of  them  that  are 
very  dangeroaa  to  persons  who  inhale  them, 
more  eapeoially  If  affected  with  catarrh,  throat 
or  lang  diilioaltieB. 

We  desire  at  thia  time  to  call  yoar  attention 
to  the  0BU80  of  BO  many  oasea  of  eioknesa  among 
those  who  attended  the  laat  meeting  of  the 
S:ate  Grange.  For  two  weeks  we  have  been  a 
victim  of  the  poieonoua  inhaUtiona  while  there, 
and  propose  in  this  paper  to  havd  aometbing  to 
Bay  about  these  unseen  (to  the  naked  eye) 
denizons  of  the  air,  that  are  bo  detrimental  to 
the  health  of  mankind. 

Atmospheric  Micrography 

Is  one  of  the  lateat  sciences  whose  amall  begin- 
niogs  do  not  date  back  more  than  three  de- 
cades; but  at  present  many  Bcientista  aoattered 
over  the  civilized  world  are  giving  the  best 
years  of  their  lives  in  studying  the  character 
and  habits  of  the  bacilli  in  their  manifold  forma. 
It  la  well  known  to  all  readers  of  the  litera- 
ture of  the  day  that  Dr.  Pasteur,  one  of  the 
greatest  savants  in  all  Europe,  has  spent  many 
years  in  searching  for  the  cauBe  that  prodncea 
hydrophobia.  Dr.  Gamellia  of  Odessa,  with 
several  confreres,  is  endeavoring  to  discover  the 
germs  that  produce  cholera.  There  are  also  a 
great  namber  of  physicians  in  nearly  all  parts 
of  the  world  who  are  endeavoring  to  find  the 
c&nae  of  consumption  and  other  forms  of  tuber- 
oalosis,  and  with  wonderful  accord  they  have  di- 
rected their  investigations  to  the 

Unseen  Ltlvlng  OrgsnlsmB  of  the  Air, 

And  to  these  tfaey  ascribe  the  cause  of  most  of 
the  diseases  that  flesh  is  heir  to. 

At  a  meeting  of  the  Academy  of  Sciences  held 
in  Paris  In  1660,  Dr.  Paateur  read  a  paper  ex- 
plaining the  comprehensive  and  intelligent  ays- 
tern  he  had  adopted  in  ioveatigating,  analyz- 
ing and  classifying  atmospheric  germs.  Hia 
investigation  revealed  many  ourioua  objects 
among  the  minute  articles  held  in  suspension 
in  the  air,  among  which  are  found  grains  of 
duBt  raised  from  the  eoil,  carbonates  and  aul- 
pbates  of  lime,  little  gtobulea  of  magnetic  Iron 
that  have  come  into  our  atmosphere  perhapa 
from  inSuite  epace,  with  other  forms  of  inor- 
ganic matter.  With  these  are  found  butter- 
flies' Bcales,  the  debris  of  dried  inaecta,  vege- 
table pollen,  61amenta  of  seaweed  and  other 
lifeless  organic  subatancea.  Associated  with 
this  Infinite  variety  of  small  pattiolea  are 

Microbes  of  Different  Species 

Which  have  the  ability  to  live  by  means  of  or- 
ganic matter  auapended  in  the  air.  The  state- 
ment would  be  incredible,  without  the  aid  of  a 
microscope,  that  living  organisms,  1500  of 
-which  if  collected  would  not  be  ae  large  as  the 
head  of  a  pin,  are  living,  thriving  and  fattening 
on  other  organiama,  animate  and  inanimate,  de- 
fying, or  rather  riaing  superior  to,  the  laws  of 
gravitation,  and  remaining  at  will  suspended 
in  the  atmoaphere  we  breathe. 

Farmers  living  comparatively  isolated  from 
each  other  are  blessed  with  an  atmoBphere  com- 
ing direct  from  Nature's  great  laboratory,  purer 
and  healthier  than  is  found  in  citiea;  yet  mi- 
orobeB,  bacteria  and  other  dangerous  living 
organisms  exist  only  in.  leaser  quantities.  Put 
vegetable  mold  undnr  a  powerful  magnifying- 
glaas,  and  you  will  find  it 

A  Mass  of  Living:  Ore:anlsma. 

This  mold  or  apparent  duet  ib  frequently  found 
In  furniture,  also  in  wall-paper  in  rooms  that 
have  been  closed  up  for  acme  time.  When  the 
doors  and  windows  to  each  room  are  firat 
thrown  open,  permitting  the  vitiated  air  of  the 
room  to  mingle  with  the  pure  atmosphere  from 
without,  an  atmospheric  condition  is  formed  for 
microbes  to  propagate,  at  which  times  they  are 
more  dangerous  to  man.  Therefore  rooms 
should  be  well  aired  and  kept  clean  by  fre- 
quent duBtlnga  before  being  uaed.  These  re- 
marks will  apply  with  pqual  force  to  churches, 
to  aBBembly>roome,  to  Grange  halls,  or  to  rooma 
in  dwelling-hoases. 

We  remember,  during  our  attendance  at 
Grange  meetings  in  thia  hall,  that  we  were  the 
firat  one  to  enter  it  after  the  door  was  un- 
locked, and  we  found  the  atmoephere  in  it 
dense  and  heavy — exactly  the  place  for  myriads 
of  miorobea  to  congregate,  and  it  only  required 
the  vitalizing  atmosphere  that  soon  oame  in  at 
the  door  to  arouse  them  from  their  dormant 
conditions  and  eend  them  out  on  their  deadly 
errands.  These  conditions  are  often  brought 
about  at  our  State  Grange  meetings,  where 
three  or  four  hundred  human  beings  are  densely 
packed.  With  the  animal  heat  and  the  natural 
emanations  thrown  off  from  the  human  body, 
with  doors,  windows  and  window  blinds  tightly 
closed  by  some  timid  member  who  is  in  con- 
stant terror  lest  some  person  on  the  balcony  on 
the  opposite  side  of  the  street  should  look  in 
and  find  that  at  Bome  stage  of  our  work  the 
oaudidatea  were  or  were  not  blindfolded — with 


these  conditions  the  atmosphere  in  the  hall  soon 
becomes 

Too  Vile  for  Deecrlptlon, 

And  of  course  dangerous  to  health.  It  is  at 
such  times,  with  the  little  pure  air  working  its 
way  through  the  door  that  is  occasionally 
opened,  that  the  deadly  microbes  begin  their 
work.  This  they  do  by  atttching  themselves 
to  the  weaker  parts  of  the  human  body;  for  in- 
ttanoe,  if  one  iB  troubled  with  nasal  catarrh, 
they  will  gather  in  targe  numbers  in  the  nose 
and  head.  If  the  throat,  bronchial  tubes  or 
lun(i;s  are  sore  or  weak,  they  will  soon  betake 
themselves  to  those  parte,  and  persons  thus 
BtUiotedwill  find  themselves  trying  to  expel 
theBe  uncanny  tenants  by  clearing  the  nose,  oy 
coughing  or  by  expectoration,  wondering  at  the 
same  time  how  in  the  world  they  caught  such  a 
cold,  when  in  fact 

It  Is  no  Cold  at  All, 
But  the  presence  of  the  bacteria  in  some  of  its 
manifold  forms.  It  la  said  that  microbes  differ 
from  most  expreafiions  of  life  in  this,  that  in 
the  procesa  of  propagation  they  do  not  have  to 
come  in  contact  with  the  opposite  sex  ;  some 
varieties  seem  to  crumble  to  pieces  at  will ; 
each  piece  or  fragment  is  endowed  with  life. 
Other  varieties  seem  to  be  jointed  or  more  like 
buttons  placed  on  a  string,  and  when  desirable 
the  string  is  broken  and  each  section  goes  im- 
mediately to  work  forming  other  sections  or 
joints,  and  thuB  the  process  goes  on.  At  every 
lospiration  of  breath  we  take  in  more  or  leas  of 
these  enemies  of  man,  bat  oonstitations  not 
weakened  by  worriment,  mental  or  physical 
exhaustion,  as  a  rule  repel  their  aaaaulta  aa 
readily  as  a  well-fortified  fortress  would  the 
attack  of  an  enemy.  Yes,  we  drink  in  nnseen 
living  organisms  in  the  water  we  use,  and 

Eat  Them  From  Our  Tables. 

Oiily  a  few  weeks  ago  we  were  amusing  our- 
self  with  oar  microscope,  when  we  placed  a 
drop  of  water  on  the  glass  plate,  and  to  our  aB- 
ton^bment  on  applying  our  eye  to  the  micro- 
scope we  saw  the  moat  vicions  and  repulsive 
forma  of  life  imaginable  disporting  themBelves 
as  though  they  were  attending  a  high  jinks 
party.  The  very  idea  of  taking  these  lizards, 
reptiles  and  sea-serpents  wiggling  and  wriggling 
into  our  stomach  was  most  repulsive,  and  we 
almoat  wished  ourself  an  angel  to  avoid  such  a 
catastrophe.  But  as  we  refiected  that  we 
could  cook  their  goose  by  boiliog  the  water,  we 
concluded  we  had  better  remain  on  this  mun- 
dane sphere  awhile  longer. 

Our  next  experiment  waa  to  place  under  the 
micrOBOope  Bome  of  the  mealy  substance  that 
accumulates  around  the  stems  of  figs  that  have 
been  packed  two  or  three  years.  In  thie  we 
diBcovered  a  large  number  of 

Big  Bugs  and  Little  Bugs, 
Resembling  in  form  and  appearance  the  tamble- 
bug  we  sometimes  see  in  the  road  on  a  summer 
day.  At  first  they  seemed  a  little  confuaed  at 
the  new  condition  of  things,  but  soon  became 
reconciled  to  their  new  lot  and  meandered 
around  as  lordly  as  heirB  to  some  throne,  little 
thinking  had  we  left  them  on  the  figs  some 
hungry  person  (not  ourself)  would  have  made 
a  meal  of  them,  Thua  we  see  life  is  a  conatant 
warfare  with  the  seen  and  unseen  forces  of 
Nature. 


Useful  Information. 


A  Pneumatic  Tire  for  Bicycles  — A  pneu- 
matic tire  for  bicycles  hM  been  invented  in 
Belfast,  Ireland,  whichj^if  all  that  is  claimed  for 
it  be  true,  mast  make  a  new  era  in  this  method 
of  recreation.  The  tire  is  about  2^  inches  in 
diameter,  and  is  composed  of  an  outer  covering 
of  rubber,  graduated  in  thickness  from  about 
one-quarter  of  an  inch,  where  it  touches  the 
ground,  and  is  protected  by  canvas,  where  it  Ib 
attached  to  the  rim,  which  is  very  broad  and 
nearly  fiat.  Inside  this  outer  covering  Is  an 
inner  tube  which  contains  the  air.  The  air  is 
pumped  in  with  a  foot-hall  blower,  and  a 
patent  air  valve  prevents  its  return.  Vibra- 
tion is  practically  annihilated.  A  frame  so  pro- 
tected should  wear  oat  two  frames  with  solid 
tired  wheels;  and  not  only  so,  bat  riders  will  be 
able  to  use  very  much  lighter  frames  without 
any  danger  of  their  oollapsing.  In  a  recent  50- 
mile  road  championship  In  Phceoix  Park, 
Dublin,  one  of  the  competitors  rode  a  racing 
safety,  fitted  with  **  pneumatic "  tires,  and 
scaling  only  23  pounds,  and  yet  it  passed 
through  the  ordeal — an  ordeal  trying  to  even 
the  heaviest  makes  —  without  the  slightest 
damage. 

Oil  from  Ocen  is  one  of  the  htast  products 
which  modern  science  every  now  and  then 
throws  upon  the  world.  The  maize,  which  is 
now  grown  In  the  United  States  at  the  rate  of 
some  2,000,000,000  bushels  per  year,  baa  been 
experimented  with  and  found  capable  of  yield- 
ing 3^  per  cent  of  ita  weight  in  oil,  the  germ  of 
the  kernel  being  the  part  from  which  the  oil  la 
extracted.  The  new  material  is  of  a  pale  yellow 
color,  somewhat  thicker  than  either  the  olive 
or  cotton-seed  oil,  and  does  not  seem  to  be 
readily  available  as  a  substitute  for  them,  but 
it  is  well  adapted  for  lubricating  purposes,  and 
may  be  used  as  a  salad  dressing,  while  it  seems 
to  be  desirable  for  liniments. 


Pulp  to  be  Made  by  Electricity. — The 
Portland  (Me.)  Ezpresa  says  :  Some  of  our 
Kennebec  pulp-men  are  becoming  so  deeply  in- 
terested in  a  new  departure  in  the  manufactnre 
of  fiber  from  wood  that  they  are  willing  to  In- 


vest their  money.  The  agent  employed  in  re- 
ducing the  wood  Is  electricity,  and  it  is  claimed 
that  the  fiber  is  manufactured  so  cheaply  that 
the  entire  pulp  business  will  bo  revolutionued, 
and  the  ditteaters  now  In  use  be  driven  out. 
Kelner  of  Garmaoy  has  bsen  experimenting  (or 
several  years  with  electricity  in  this  direction, 
and  has  now  succeeded  in  perfecting  the  proc- 
ess. A  patent  on  the  process  has  been  applied 
for  in  the  C'aited  States,  and  our  Ksnnebec 
men  have  an  interest  in  it,  and  are  making 
plans  to  erect  a  plant  for  the  maonfaotnre  of 
fiber  by  electricity, 

Shop  I}otes. 


Suggestions  for  the  Shop. 

We  clip  the  following  shop  suggestions  from 
the  Boston  Journal  of  Commerce  : 

Aa  long  as  there  are  two  sides  to  everything 
we  must  expect  to  find  everything  with  two 
wayB  to  work  with.  A  bolt  not  can  be 
screwed  on  with  the  ooroers  up  or  left  with  the 
corners  down,  and  still  be  in  accordance  with 
some  of  the  best  engineers  and  draughtsmen. 
Both  ways  have  their  advocates,  though  it  ia 
the  simplest  thing  in  the  world  to  see  that 
they  should  be  lefc  down  where  they  bslong. 

BaltB,  too,  have  two  sides  to  look  out  for, 
unless  they  are  made  double  with  the  grain 
side  out  on  both  of  them;  bat  where  they  are 
not  they  can  be  put  on  either  Bide  out  first  and 
the  reason  studied  up  afterward. 

The  strength  of  iron  can  be  inoreaaed  by 
heating  and  cooling  suddenly  in  water,  but 
it  is  more  likely  to  snap  off  suddenly  by 
the  operation,  bo  forgers  allow  time  for 
it  to  cool  gradually,  as  it  ia  the  strain  that  it 
will  hold  on  the  snap  that  they  are  looking 
out  for. 

Steel  has  been  found  to  stand  a  greater  strain 
by  being  hardened  in  oil  than  in  water. 

How  much  stronger  will  it  make  a  palley 
if  you  have  the  rim  Increased  to  twice  its 
thickness  ?  Not  any  that  we  know  of,  aa  the 
centrifugal  force  Increases  directly  with  the 
weight. 

How  is  it  figured  out  that  a  wheel  built  of 
soft  pine  will  stand  twice  the  namber  of  revo- 
lutions per  minute  that  cast  iron  will  ?  It  is 
done  in  this  way  :  Cast  iron  ia  12  times  as 
heavy  as  soft  pine  when  compared  in  regard  to 
their  volume,  and  only  twice  as  strong  when 
taken  on  a  direot  pull.  In  this  way  soft  pine 
has  six  to  one  in  Its  favor  when  working 
under  the  same  conditiona  as  that  of  cast  iron, 
but  as  the  centrifugal  force  increasea  aa  the 
square  of  the  speed,  it  can  only  be  made  to  run 
twica  as  fast  as  an  iron  pulley  and  have  enough 
left  to  make  up  for  the  loss  in  strength 
where  the  felloea  overlap  each  other  in  their 
make-up. 

It  is  a  good  trait  in  a  lathe  man  to  think  over 
everything  carefully,  and  be  careful  of  what  is 
required,  long  before  attempting  a  difficult  un- 
dertaking, but  it  is  thought  better  in  these 
times  to  grasp  the  idea  at  once  and  start  in  on 
a  job  Immediately,  trusting  that  the  thouErhta 
may  flow  freely  enough  to  keep  ahead  of  any- 
thing that  may  turn  up  to  interfere  with  the 
work  till  it  is  finished. 

It  would  be  well  for  some  of  the  machine- 
builders  nowadays  if  they  could  be  made  to 
work  awhile  with  their  own  machinery,  and 
let  them  see  how  they  would  like  to  operate 
a  lever  that  shuts  by  where  there  is  not  room 
for  the  fingers,  or  a  band-wheel  that  gives  the 
knuckles  a  chance  to  get  knocked  off  at  every 
tarn. 

A  new  way  to  get  a  leather  covering  for  a 
palley  on  tight  is  to  make  it  wide  enough  to 
stand  off  on  the  edge  a  little,  then  round  it  over 
on  to  the  inside  and  draw  the  edges  together 
sfter  the  fashion  of  lacing  ap  a  drumhead.  It 
must  make  a  hard-looking  sight,  yet  it  is  rec- 
ommended, even  though  we  must  use  iron  tie 
rods  instead  of  drum  strings.  A  belt  that  la 
loaded  too  heavily  for  a  good,  smooth  iron  pul- 
ley is  loaded  too  heavy  for  a  covered  wheel, 
and  will  show  signs  of  ita  being  overloaded 
whenever  a  paper  covering  is  used  by  throwing 
the  cbafings  on  the  fioor. 

I  |To  keep  a  lot  of  thin  back  boards  from  split- 
ting, which  have  to  be  made  new  every  day, 
just  ran  aome  wire  rods  through  them  cross- 
ways  and  rivet  a  washer  on  each  side.  The 
rods,  one  at  each  end,  will  do  the  business,  and 
if  the  boards  split  they  are  still  as  good  as  ever. 
But  how  about  boring  for  a  rod  that  is  nearly 
as  large  as  the  stock  ia  thick  ?  Cut  the  wires 
and  point  them  fiat  drill  fashion,  and  bore 
these  through  themselves  and  leave  them  in 
their  places.  Yon  can  tell  from  the  heat 
which  side  the  board  the  stock  is  growing  the 
thinnest,  and  by  bending  the  board  as  if  it 
were  warped  a  trifia,  the  rods  can  be  made  to 
keep  in  the  center  until  they  reach  the  opposite 
side. 

We  still  find  about  as  many  aa  ever  fusaing 
over  a  belt  hook.  When  a  belt  gives  out,  it 
generally  breaks  across  where  the  ends  of  the 
hooks  come,  and  if  there  were  enough  beltingt 
to  spare  it  would  be  a  good  idea  to  take  a  knife 
and  clip  the  piece  off  close  to  the  other  end  of 
the  belt  hook  and  throw  the  piece  away.  But 
no  1  the  screwdriver  mast  be  brought  into  use, 
and  the  end  of  the  hooks  lifted  to  an  angle,  by 
means  of  which  no  one  has  been  able  to  tell, 
and  knocked  with  a  tack  hammer.  B.tter  turn 
the  Bplice  backward  till  one  or  both  splices  are 
brought  into  the  center  of  the  books;  then 
open  out  the  ends  on  one  side  and  slip  both 
pieces  off  over  them. 


ELECTPjeiTY, 


A  New  Electric  Block  System, 

Both  history  and  experience  teaoh  ob  that 
whatever  may  be  the  demands  of  advancing 
civilization  for  the  protection  of  the  people — 
their  property  or  their  lives  —  the  thinking 
brains,  the  cunning  hands,  and  the  right  men 
always  present  themselves  to  meet  the  rtqaire- 
mentsof  progresB.  With  this  fact  in  view,  we 
need  have  no  fear  that  bo  great  a  boon  as  the 
use  of  electricity  in  furniBhing  a  perfect  illumin- 
ating medium,  or  In  conveying  our  commands 
through  the  avenues  of  our  great  cities,  or  in  reg- 
ulating the  movement  of  railroad  trains  Bafely 
along  the  iron  track,  will  be  made  not 
only  eminently  practicable,  but  practically 
safe  from  danger  to  life  and  limb.  We  have 
already  made  allualon  to  a  safety  appliance  for 
removing  danger  from  electric-light  wires,  by 
the  uBe  of  which  a  powerful  electric  current 
may  be  instantly  rendered  free  from  dangf'r 
the  inetant  a  dangerouB  break  ocoors.  We 
have  now  before  us  the  details  of  a  new  and 
automatic  electric  block  signal  system  by  which 
the  danger  of  ooUieion  ib  rendered  almost  if 
not  quite  an  impossibility.  The  system  maybe 
extended  along  the  whole  line  of  road  and  is  as 
equally  applicable  to  a  single  as  to  a  doable 
track.  It  is  automatic  in  action  and  thus  much 
cheaper  than  the  system  at  present  in  use. 
The  indications  are  that  a  most  important  ad- 
vance has  been  made  in  securing  safety  from 
railroad  collisions.  So  important  is  the  invention 
considered  at  the  Patent  office  that  a  special 
hearing  was  granted  to  speed  the  same  through 
the  office.  The  papers  are  said  to  cover  every- 
thing that  could  possibly  apply  to  the  inven- 
tion. When  enginea  run  backward,  the  batteries 
are  reversed  accordingly.  Switches  are  protect- 
ed at  each  end,  and  automatic  signals  can  be  put 
up  at  country  roadways  or  dangerous  crossings 
showing  that  a  train  is  approaching  from  a  mile 
or  one-half  mile,  or  any  distance  away  desired. 
Foreign  patents  have  also  been  applied  for. 

The  inventor  is  a  Pittsburg  man,  who  claims 
that  it  will  do  away  with  the  present  block 
system,  and  render  useless  the  large  army  of 
telegraph  and  blook  signal  operators  that  are 
now  employed,  A  model  has  been  shown,  says 
the  Pittsburg  Dispatch,  operating  on  a  double 
track  40  feet  long,  with  sections  or  blocks 
every  four  feet.  At  each  block  two  little  sig- 
nals of  red  and  white,  to  show  either  danger  or 
safety,  were  placed  on  either  aide  of  the  track, 
with  the  safety  signals  all  up.  A  tiny  engine 
then  started  down  one  of  the  tracks,  and  as  the 
first  block  was  passed  the  safety  signal  dropped 
and  "danger"  was  displayed,  showing  to  any 
train  coming  behind  that  the  block  was  occu- 
pied. At  the  next  block  the  second  danger 
signal  was  displayed,  showing  that  the  second 
block  was  occupied,  while  simultaneously  the 
first  block  displayed  a  white  sigaal,  indiciiting 
that  it  was  clear,  and  so  on  down  the  line  until 
the  end,  showing  that  every  block  could  hold  a 
train  in  safety  and  not  allow  it  to  pass  on  until 
the  blook  ahead  was  clear. 

This  exhibition  Is  aafd  to  have  been  per- 
fectly convincing  to  the  railroad  men  present, 
as  waa  also  a  demonstration  on  a  single  track, 
where  danger  lies  not  only  behind  but  from 
ahead,  showing  beyond  doubt  its  praotioabillty 
and  its  assured  success. 

This  last  proof  of  its  perfection  called  hearty 
congratulations  and  assurances  of  suooese  from 
the  practical  men  present,  while  all  admired 
the  simplicity  of  the  affair. 

The  a  daptability  of  the  Electri 
Motor. — Perhaps  there  is  nothing  that  has 
occurred  recently  that  better  illustrates  the 
quick  and  ready  adaptability  of  the  eleotrio 
motor  for  all  kinds  of  service  where  power  is 
required  than  the  misfortune  which  befell  the 
large  printing  and  publishing  establishment  of 
the  John  Morris  Co.  at  Chicago,  which  com- 
pletely deprived  the  company  of  any  power  to 
run  itB  numerous  presses,  paper-cutters,  rollers 
and  other  forms  of  machinery  used  in  connec- 
tion with  its  business.  As  is  known,  one  of 
the  boilera  exploded,  ruining  the  steam  plant, 
the  repairs  to  which  cannot  be  made  short  of  a 
month  or  six  weeks.  The  power  required  for 
running  the  presses  ia  about  40  horse-power, 
and  notwithstanding  that  this  accident  hap- 
pened late  Friday  afternoon,  by  Saturday  night 
a  40  horse-power  Thomson-Houston  motor  waa 
in  position  and  everything  in  readinees  to  start 
up  the  great  presses  and  the  work  of  the 
establishment  upon  the  arrival  of  the  help 
early  Monday  morning. 

An  Electrical  Railroad  Brake, —  Prof. 
Forbes  and  I,  A.  Timmer  of  London  have  in- 
vented an  electric  railroad  brake  which  appears 
to  possess  wonderful  efficiency,  A  oar  fitted 
with  this  brake  was  suddenly  slipped  while 
moving  at  the  rate  of  42  miles  an  hour,  and 
was  brought  to  a  standstill  in  450  feet.  An- 
other car  was  brought  to  a  stop  in  180  feet 
from  a  spaed  of  30  miles  an  hour.  Of  course  by 
this  device  the  adhesion  dae  to  friction  is 
added  to  the  resistance  due  to  electrical  attrac- 
tion, the  latter  being  nearly  or  quite  equal  to 
the  former.  To  all  appearances,  Mr.  Westing- 
house  may  soon  have  to  look  out  for  his  laurels. 

Cutting  Down  Wires. — It  is  said  that  338 
poles  have  been  cut  down,  and  472.692  feet  of 
wire  have  been  removed  from  the  streets  of 
New  York  daring  the  recent  raid  upon  the 
eleotrio  wires  of  that  city. 


168 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press, 


[Mar.  8,  1890 


A.  T.  DEWEY.  W.  B.  EWEE. 

DEWEY  &  CO.,  Publishers. 


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SAN    FRANCISCO: 

Saturday,   March  8,    1890. 


TABLE  OF  CONTENTS. 


ILLUSTBATIONS.— Pohle's  Air-Lift  Pump;  The 
Rotary  Steam  Snow  Shovel;  The  Hye-End  of  the  Great 
Lick  Tele8;ope,  161.  Mortar  ana  Stamp  for  Home- 
Stake  Miue,  169. 

EDlTOBIALia.— The  Eye- End  of  the  Lick  Telescope, 
161.  Passing  Events;  Pohle's  Air-Lift  Pump;  An  In- 
ventor Rewarded;  The  Uolders'  Strike,  168.  The  Ko- 
ttrv  Snow  Plow,  171. 

MISCELLANEOOS.— Superintendents;  Gold  Nug- 
gets; The  Old  Dominion  Copper  Company;  Utah  Ozo- 
cerite, 162;  The  Supreme  Court  of  the  United  States; 
How  it  vtorka;  Silver  Coinage;  Long  and  Short  Hauls; 
"Only  a  Poor  Miner's  Wife";  Snow  Burled,  163. 

MF.GHaNICAL,  PROGRBSS.-Tlie  Manufacture 
of  Steel  Direct  from  tlie  Ore;  Iron  Buildings  Made 
Earthquakti  Proof;  American  Mining  Machinery  to  be 
Made  in  England;  Steel  for  Shipbuilding;  Takes  the 
Belt;  Miscellaneous,  166- 

SOIENTIPIG  PROGkESS.  —  The  Eye;  Electro- 
Magnetio  Disturbaiicea;  A  New  Composite  "etal;  Mag- 
netism Of  Adhesion;  War  in  a  Drop  of  Blood;  Render- 
iog  Wood  Fire-Proof;  A  Curious  Circumstance;  Rapid 
Flyins  of  Ducks;  Prizes  for  Biological  Students;  Ad- 
vertising 00  the  Clouds,  166. 

GOOD  HEALiTH-— The  Germ  Theory  of  Disease, 
167. 

0SEFUIj  information.— a  Pneumatic  Tire 
for  Bicvcle^i;  Pulp  to  be  Made  by  Electricity,  187. 

SHOP  NOTES  — Sugirestious  for  the  shop,  167. 

lii'.ECTRIClTf.— A  New  Electric  Block  System; 
The  Adaptability  of  the  Electric  Motor:  An  Electrical 
Kailroad  Brake;"  Cutting  Down  Wires,  167. 

MINING  SDMMAKX— from  the  various  counties 
of  California,  Nevada,  Arizona,  Colorado,  Id.aho,  Mon- 
tana, New  Mexico.  Oreeon,  Utah,  Wyoming,  164-165. 

MINING  STOCK  MARKET..— Sales  at  die  San 
Francisco  Stock  Board,  Notices  of  Meetings,  Assess- 
Tie"*"  DividfnHH.  and  Bullion  Shipments.  174. 

MARKET  REPORTS.— Local  Markets,  Eastern 
Metal  Markets,  174. 


Business  Annoimcements. 

[new  this  issue.] 
Machine  Tools,  Etc.— I.  A.  Heald. 
Amalgamating  Machinery — A.  B.  Paul.  Middle  Creek. 
Dividend  Notice— PaciSc  Borax,  Sa't  and  Soda  Co. 
Information  Wanted  of  Joseph  McLeam. 
Situation  Wanted— A.  H.,  San  Francisco. 
Works  for  Sale— Gillispy  &  Childs. 

KWSee  Advertising  Columns. 


Passing  Events. 


The  strike  of  the  molders,  coremakers  and 
apprentices  in  the  local  foandries  is  very  great- 
ly to  be  deplored,  in  view  of  the  general  depres- 
sion in  the  iron  indastry.  The  foandry  com- 
panies, however,  protest  that  it  is  impossible 
for  them  to  compete  with  Eastern  manufact- 
urers under  the  present  condition  of  afifairs. 
This  struggle  has  been  anticipated  for  a  long 
time. 

The  large  smelting  organizations  of  the 
United  States  have  combined  against  the 
Lead  Trast,  with  a  view,  as  they  say,  of 
*'  placing  their  interests  beyond  the  control  of 
the  Lead  Trust." 

The  project  of  extending  the  Satro  tunnel 
westward  for  a  mile  is  again  being  discussed. 
Many  believe  that  there  is  rich  ground  in  that 
direction  that  the  tunnel  will  open. 

The  waicn  rains  of  this  week  have  bad  the 
effect  of  melting  off  much  snow  and  raising  the 
rivers  somewhat,  but  no  harm  has  been  done 
from  overflows. 

A  very  considerable  falling  off  of  bullion  pro- 
duction is  shown  in  last  month's  work  in  the 
mines  of  this  State  and  Nevada,  owing  to  the 
unprecedented  storms  which  have  prevailed. 


Anotheb  "old  Calif ornian  miner"  reports 
favorably  on  the  gold  region  in  Maine,  extend- 
ing from  Sandy  river  to  Androscoggin. 


An  Inventor  Rewarded. 

We  were  reading  the  other  day  in  a  Philadel- 
phia paper  the  account  of  how  an  inventor,  G. 
H.  Van  Hagen,  was  rewarded  by  the  Chester 
Twist  Brill  Co.  for  devising  a  machine  to  forge 
twist  drill.  He  was  paid  $25,000  in  cash,  $65- 
000  in  stock  and  given  the  position  of  superin- 
tendent at  $50  per  week.  This  simply  shows 
that  there  are  prizes  as  well  as  blanks  for  in- 
ventors. An  instance  of  a  quick  reward  for 
invention  occurred  In  this  city  within  a  few 
weeks  and  with  larger  figures  than  those  cited 
above. 

Dr.  Ber  jamin  Marshall  of  San  Francisco  ob- 
tained through  the  Mining  and  Scientific 
Pkess  Patent  Agency  on  Jan.  28th,  a  patent 
for  a  sash  balance  and  lock,  and  a  company  has 
been  organized  to  make  and  introduce  the  de- 
vice. Dr.  Marshall  receives  §200,000  in  cash 
and  stock  valued  at  $50,000  in  the  company. 
This  gentleman  has  invented  several  other  de- 
vices of  importance,  among  them  a  nut  lock 
which  is  in  nse  on  the  Southern  Pacific  Rail- 
road and  has  just  been  applied  on  the  Pennsyl- 
vania Central. 

Hie  invention  is  one  of  that  class  of  devices 
for  raising  wlndoW'Sashes  in  which  a  spring  ie 
employed,  and  the  invention  consists  in  the 
novel  arrangement  and  combination  of  the 
spring,  the  pinion  which  it  actuates  and  the 
rack> wheels  the  pinion  engages.  It  further 
coDsista  in  combination  with  these  parts  of  a 
suitable  catch  for  engaging  the  pinion  or  the 
raok  and  looking  the  sash  in  any  desired  posi' 
tion.  The  object  Is  to  dispense  with  the 
weights  by  the  substitution  therefor  of  a  simply 
arranged  spring-actuated  device  which  can  be 
readily  applied  to  any  sash,  and  the  use  of 
which  will  simplify  the  construction  of  win- 
dow-frames or  casings. 

In  the  bottom  rail  of  the  sash  and  from  one 
end  thereof  is  made  a  deep  bore  in  which  is 
seated  the  spiral  spring,  and  mounted  on  the 
stile  of  the  sash  is  a  pinion  which  is  so  connect- 
ed with  the  spring  that  as  it  rotates  in  one  di- 
rection, it  winds  up  the  spring  and  is  itself  ro- 
tated in  the  other  direction  by  the  unwinding 
of  the  spring.  This  connection  is  preferably 
effected  through  the  turn-rod  which  carries  the 
pinion  on  its  outer  end,  said  rod  being  let  into 
the  bore  of  the  sashstile,  the  spring  enciroling 
it.  The  outer  end  of  the  spring  is  attached  to 
the  rod,  and  its  inner  end  fastened  in  the  base 
of  the  bore.  Secured  properly  to  the  inner 
surface  of  the  bead  of  the  window-casing  is  a 
rack  with  which  the  pinion  engages. 

A  spring-controlled  bolt  is  seated  in  the 
window-stile  and  adapted  to  project  its  end  be- 
tween the  pinton-teeth  whereby  the  parts  are 
locked  and  the  sash  held  in  any  desired  posi- 
tion. 

The  operation  is  as  follows:  Suppose  the 
sash  to  be  in  a  raised  position.  Now,  upon 
pulling  it  down,  the  pinion,  traveling  in  the 
rack,  turns  the  rod  whereby  the  spring  is 
wound  up.  Then  when  the  sash  is  down  and  is 
released,  the  spring  in  unwinding  returns  the 
rod  and  rotates  the  pinion,  which,  traveling  in 
the  rack,  raises  the  sash.  The  bolt  when  oper- 
ated engages  the  pinion-teeth  and  thereby  pre- 
vents it  from  turning,  or  it  engages  the  rack- 
teeth,  as  may  be  desired,  and  in  this  manner 
the  sash  may  be  locked  in  any  position 
desired. 

Thus  no  weights  are  needed  and  the  present 
complex  construction  of  the  window-casing  is 
avoided.  The  catch  may  be  a  spring  catch  or 
other  form,  if  desired,  its  function  being  to 
lock  the  sash  by  preventing  the  movement  of 
the  pinion  in  the  rack. 


SuTRO  Tunnel.  —  It  is  stated  by  well- 
informed  persons  that  work  on  the  long- 
proposed  project  of  extending  the  Sutro  tunnel, 
Virginia  City,  Nevada,  farther  west  will  be 
commenced  within  the  next  60  days.  It  is  the 
intention  to  drive  the  tunnel  ahead  through  the 
Savage  Mining  Company's  ground  on  west  fully 
1000  feet  before  stopping  for  ventilation  or  for 
other  purposes.  As  the  work  progresses  it  will 
be  watched  with  unusual  interest  by  practical 
mining  men,  who  assert,  without  qualification, 
that  there  are  at  least  two,  and  perhaps  more, 
well-defined  lodes  on  the  Comstock,  one  of 
which  is  nearly  all  silver-bearing  and  the  other 
nearly  all  gold-bearing  quartz.  The  first  baa 
been  worked  for  years,  but  work  to  develop  the 
latter  has  only  recently  been  thoroughly  ooin- 
menced. 


The  Molders'  Strike. 

On  Monday  morning  last  a  strike  was  in- 
augurated in  this  city  by  the  Iron-Molders^ 
Union  against  the  local  foundries,  and  200  of 
the  molders  quit  work.  Sinoe  then  the  core- 
makers  and  some  apprentices  have  also  left 
their  work.  The  Molders'  Union  gives  the  fol- 
lowing as  the  number  in  the  shops  affected: 
Vulcan  Iron  Works  1,  7  men,  2  apprentices; 
Union  Iron  Works,  40  men,  7  apprentices;  Ria- 
don  Iron  Works,  14  men,  5  apprentices;  Pacific 
Iron  Works,  16  men,  2  apprentioes;  Steel 
Works,  15  men,  2  apprentices;  Oooidental 
Foandry,  14  men,  3  apprentices;  Fulton  Iron 
Works,  20  men,  5  apprentices;  National  Iron 
Works,  U  men,  3  apprentioes;  Vulcan  Iron 
Works  2,  9  men,  2  apprentices;  City  Iron 
Works,  10  men,  3  apprentices;  Lswis  &  O'Con- 
nell's,  12  men,  2  apprentioes. 

There  are  only  275  molders  involved  in  the 
strike,  but  the  laborers,  core-makers,  pattern- 
makers and  assistants  have  nothing  to  do  when 
the  molders  quit,  so  they,  too,  will  be  com- 
polled  to  quit  work. 

The  discharge  of  Joseph  F.  Valentine  and 
two  other  Union  men  by  Steiger  &  Kerr  was 
the  cause  of  the  strike  in  the  Occidental  Foun 
dry,  while  the  cause  of  the  strike  in  the  other 
13  establishments  was  the  action  of  the  £agi- 
neers  and  Foundrymen's  Association  in  giving 
notice  that  on  and  after  March  10th  the 
Union's  regulations  regarding  time  of  work  and 
pay  would  be  ignored,  and  the  agreement  be- 
tween employers  and  employes  declared  void. 
The  members  of  the  Engineers  and  Foun> 
drymen's  Association  domplain  that  while 
they  are  paying  the  men  higher  wages  than  are 
paid  in  the  East,  they  do  not  get  a  full  day's 
work  for  the  wages  paid,  the  men  doing  only  a 
specified  amount  by  agreement  among  them- 
selves. It  is  not  desired  to  out  down  wages, 
but  matters  have  come  to  such  a  pass  that  the 
men  must  work  on  such  terms  as  will  allow  the 
foundries  to  compete  with  the  East.  As  it  ie, 
even  such  common  castings  as  house-fronts  are 
shipped  here  from  Chicago,  and  large  con- 
tracts which  should  be  carried  out  here  are 
finished  elsewhere. 

Trouble  with  the  molders  has  been  antici- 
pated for  the  last  year  or  two,  for  the  foundry- 
men  have  been  restive  under  their  actions. 
Some  of  the  men  are  not  worth  half  what  oth- 
ers are,  but  all  must  receive  the  same.  The 
apprentice  system,  too,  is  bad,  there  being 
little  chance  under  existing  circumstances  for 
the  rising  generation  to  learn  a  trade. 

Eistern  manufacturers  pay  $2  50  per  day  for 
molders,  while  here  they  are  paid  $3  50,  and 
the  local  foundrymen  must  compete  with  those 
who  pay  the  former  rate.  The  foundrymen 
claim  that  they  cannot  pay  higher  wages  and 
have  a  day's  work  limited  to  suit  the  ideas  of 
the  members  of  Molders'  Union,  and  then 
compete  with  Eastern  manufacturers. 

The  proprietors  of  the  foundries  say  no  bet- 
ter time  for  the  strike  could  have  been  chosen, 
sinoe  business  in  the  shops  is  very  dull.  Sev- 
eral of  them  aver  that  they  wilt  send  patterns 
East  and  have  the  castings  made  there  and 
shipped  here,  and  can  do  this  as  cheaply  as  it 
could  be  done  in  San  Francisco  under  present 
circumstances.  Both  sides  in  the  contest  seem 
confident  of  success.  The  Foundrymen's  Asso- 
ciation assert  that  it  is  impossible  to  continue 
as  they  have  been  doing.  The  strike  involves 
our  most  important  manufacturing  industry, 
and  if  continued  will  cause  great  loss  to  the 
State. 

The  Union  declares  that  it  will  make  no  set- 
tlement with  the  manufacturers  unless  they 
agree  to  pay  the  minimum  rate  of  wages  and 
employ  but  one  apprentice  for  every  eight 
journeymen.  The  CJnion  further  declares  that 
it  has  never  restricted  and  never  will  restrict 
the  amount  of  work  to  be  done  by  any  mem- 
ber. This  latter  statement  the  fonndrymen 
deny.  It  is  certain  that  the  foundry  bnsiness 
has  not  been  profitable  of  late  in  Sin  Francisco, 
and  that  less  work  is  being  done  than  should  be 
the  case. 


PoMe's  Air-Lift  Pump. 

[Continued  from  page  161  ) 
was  started.  Beginning  with  atmospheric 
pressure,  the  increase  of  pressure  was  noted  for 
each  30  strokes  of  the  compressor  piston,  until 
a  pressure  was  reached  beyond  that  required  in 
the  pump  tests.  The  contents  of  the  receiver 
was  117  cubic  feet.  The  compressor  made  uni- 
formly one  stroke  per  second.  The  atmos- 
pheric pressure  was  2.51  feet  of  mercury.  The 
air  was  unusually  dry. 

The  data  obtained  formed  the  basis  for  cal- 
culating the  number  of  pounds  of  air  delivered, 
per  piston-stroke  of  the  compressor,  to  the  re- 
ceiver at  any  required  pressure.  An  average  of 
the  results  of  the  two  tests  was  adopted.  The 
following  table  gives  the  values  obtained: 


Preaeure  re-  j 
ceiver,  lbs.  .'■' 
per  sq.    in.  ) 

Lbs.  of  air) 
pgr    stroke  f 


104     .OOS     .OSS     .PSI     .070     .077     .076 


A  NuMBEK  of  merchants  and  manufacturers 
of  this  city  have  petitioned  the  Pacific  Coast 
delegation  in  Congress  to  lend  their  aid  in  re- 
pealing the  section  of  the  Interstate  Com- 
merce law  known  as  "  the  long-and-short-haul 
section." 

On  the  Comstook  they  crushed  4840  tons  of 
ore  last  week,  the  yield  being  $109,073. 


The  second  method  adoptr^d  was  as  follows: 
A  small  auxiliary  ohambor  B  was  attached  to 
the  receiver.  {See  Fig  3  )  Compressed  air  en- 
tering this  chamber  escaped  into  the  atmos- 
phere through  a  carefully-measured  circular 
orifice  In  thin  plate.  After  a  pump  test  had 
been  completed,  the  compressor  was  kept  run- 
ning, cock  C  was  closed,  and  cock  A  opened 
and  adjusted  until  the  conditions  in  the  pump 
test,  regarding  number  of  strokes  of  com- 
pressor per  minnte  and  the  pressure  in  the  re- 
ceiver,  were  repeated  and  maintained. 

The  pressures  and  temperatures  of  the  com- 
pressed air  in  chamber  B  and  of  the  atmos- 
phere furnished  the  data  upon  which  to  base  a 
calculation  of  the  quantity  of  air  escaping 
through  the  circular  orifice.  This  qbantlt^ 
was  evidently  the  same  as  that  supplied  in  the 
pump  test.  Such  tests  were  made  from  time  to 
time,  and  served  to  check  the  values  taken 
from  the  table  given  above. 

The  engine  used  to  drive  the  compressor  was 
built  for  ten  times  the  power  actually  applied 
to  the  oompresBor;  hence  a  test  of  the  efficiency 
of  the  entire  plant  was  not  made. 

In  the  paper  referred  an  extended  table  is 
given  of  the  pump  tests,  for  whloh  wa  have  not 
space.  The  writers  say  :  The  "  efficiency  of 
the  pump  "  Is  based  upon  the  least  work  (L) 
theoretically  required  to  compress  the  air  and 
deliver  it  to  the  receiver.     See  Fig.  4. 

Atmospheric  conditionfl p^   ^,,. 

Receiver .y,   (j_ 

The  values  given  in  the  table  take  no  cog- 
nizance of  the  losses  of  power  in  the  engine  and 
compressor. 

If  we  assume  the  efficiency  of  a  suitable  com- 
pressor to  be  70  per  cent,  the  efficiency  of  the 
pump  and  compressor  together  woold  be  70  per 
cent  of  that  given  in  the  table  for  the  pump 
alone. 

An  inspection  of  the  above  table  shown  : 

let — That,  for  a  given  submersion  "A  "  and 
lift  "H,"  the  best  efficiency  was  obtained  when 
the  pressure  in  the  receiver  did  not  greatly  ex- 
ceed the  pressure  due  to  the  submersion.  [This 
was  only  true  when  the  ratio  y  ^^^  keipt 
within  reasonable  limits — i.  e.,  wnere  H  was 
not  much  greater  than  h.] 

2d— That  the  smaller  the  ratio  y  *he  better 
was  the  efficiency. 

We  may  say  in  a  general  way  that  under  the 
better  adapted  pressures  in  the  receiver,  the 
pump,  as  erected,  showed  the  following  efficien- 
cies : 


"         "     IS 30 

"         "     2.0 25 

It  is  apparent  that  the  air  pipe  should  not 
have  been  reduced  at  the  discharge  end,  as 
such  reduction  necessitated  a  greater  pressure 
in  the  receiver  for  the  delivery  of  the  air  to  the 
puTTip. 

Unfortunately,  the  data  is  wanting  for  a  re- 
liable estimate  of  the  loss  due  to  the  frictlonal 
resistance  in  the  small  air-pipe.  A  rough  esti- 
mate shows  that  such  loss  must  have  been  large. 
The  substitution  of  a  li^-inch  air-pipe  in  place 
of  the  1-inch  would  bave  appreciably  aug- 
mented the  efficiencies  given  in  the  table.  In 
justice  to  the  pump,  a  considerable  allowance 
should  be  made  for  this  easily  avoidable  loss. 

The  last  test  shows  a  limit  of  lift  for  a  given 
submersion,  beyond  which  a  large  excess  of 
pressure  is  required  to  pomp  even  an  insignifi- 
cant quantity  of  water.  For  good  efficiency, 
it  becomes  necessary  that  the  lift  should  not  be 
very  great  as  compared  with  the  submersion. 

Where  a  shallow  sump  only  is  available  to 
pump  from,  and  a  considerable  lift  is  to  be 
made,  Dr.  Pohle  introduces  an  auxiliary  pipe 
to  receive  the  water,  after  being  pumped  to  a 
email  higbt.  and  act  as  pump-well  for  a  higher 
lift.     See  Fig.  5. 

No  attempt  has  been  made  toward  an  analytic 
treatment  of  the  action  of  this  pump,  but  its 
simplicity  commends  it  for  many  purposes. 

Among -the  numerous  applications  which  Dr. 
Pohle  proposes  for  this  air-lift  may  be  men- 
tioned: The  ilrainage  of  mines,  the  supply  of 
water  from  deep  wells,  the  lifting  of  liquids 
which  damage  the  working  parts  of  pumps  or- 
dinarily used,  the  Increase  of  lift  and  capacity 
of  other  pnmps  by  introducing  an  air-jet  into 
j  the  pump  oolumn. 


liAB.  8.    1890 


Mining  and  Scientific  Ppess. 


169 


Gold-Milling  Mortars. 

lo  gold-milllDg  in  the  BUok  Hllli  two  typei 
of  mortari  are  uied.  The  poiota  of  difference 
lie  io  the  ioaide  dimeimioDa  of  the  lower  part  ol 
the  mortar,  and  in  the  ariaogement  and  number 
of  ioaide  amalgamated  platea.  Theae  differ- 
enoea  are  deioribed  in  a  piper  by  H.  0.  Hoff- 
man of  Rapid  City,  Diliota,  read  before  the 
American  Inatitute  of  Mining  Engineer!. 

The  HcmeiUlie  mill  mortar  (Figa,  1,  2  and 
3),  weighing  5400  ponnda,  ia  54^  ioobea  high 
and  54  i' inohee  lor  g.  The  feed  opening,  begin- 
ning ^64  inchea  below  the  top,  ia  24  inohea 
long,  4)  inohea  wide  and  7  inohea  deep.  On 
entering  the  mortar  it  remaine  24  inohea  long 
and  7  icchca  deep.  At  the  bottom  of  the  feed, 
forming  the  oontinoatioo  of  the  incline  over 
which  the  ore  pasaei  into  the  mortar,  ia  a  lip 
4^  inohea  above  the  ineide  bottom  of  the 
mortar.  Aa  the  lip  wears  out  faat,  it  might  be 
well  to  caat  it  thicker,  ae  haa  been  done  on  the 
Caledonia  mortar.  Taking  the  front  view  of 
the  mortar,  we  find  164  inchea  from  the 
Iwttom  the  discharge  opening  4Si  inohea  long 
and  2V  inches  high.  The  frame  ie  inclined  out- 
ward abont  10  degrees  from  the  vertical. 

On  the  short  sides  cf  the  discharge  opening 
are  grooves  to  receive  the  chock-block,  soreen- 
frame  and  curtain,  which  are  held  in  place  by 
keya  and  sockets.  The  ohuckblock  is  also 
fastened  at  the  bottom  by  two  horizontal  keya, 
supported  by  logs  on  the  outside  lip  of  the 
mortar  below  the  discharge.  Viewing  the  mor- 
tar in  cross  section,  we  first  have  the  two  bot- 
tom flanges,  .3  inches  high  and  5  inches  broad. 
The  bottom  of  the  mortar  (the  mortarbed)  is 
7J  inchea  thick,  the  sides,  at  the  foot  of  the 
dies,  34  inches.  The  infiide  dimensions  are: 
Width  at  the  bottom,  lOA  inches;  length,  50 
inches;  bight  to  issue  of  mortar  (aot  of  pulp), 
8^  inohes;  width  at  this  point,  13^  inchee;  at 
the  top  of  discharge-opening,  20  inchee;  at  the 
top  of  mortar,  16  inchee;  total  inside  bight,  47 
inches.  The  casting  is  three-fourths  inches 
thick  from  the  top  down  to  the  feed-opening, 
on  three  sides,  the  back  baing  a  little  thicker. 
A  mortar  lasts  four  years,  wearing  pretty  uni- 
formly at  the  sides  and  back. 

The  Ciledonia  mortar  weighs  5700  pounds, 
is  574  inches  high  and  54  inches  long.  The 
feed-opening,  bfgioning  15^  inchea  from  tte 
top,  is  3  inches  wide,  11  inches  deep,  and  ex- 
tends the  entire  length  of  the  mortar,  having  a 
strengthening  rib  in  the  center.  At  entering 
the  mortar  it  ie  504  inches  long  and  7i  inches 
deep.  Here  the  top,  2*  inohes  thick  and  8 
inches  wide,  measured  on  the  incline,  begins. 
The  bottom  of  the  lip  is  15  inches  from  the 
foot  of  the  dies.  Aa  in  the  Homestake  mortar, 
the  ore  is  discharged  toward  the  head  of  the 
stamp.  The  lip  serves  also  as  a  proteotor  to 
the  amalgamated  copper  plates  bslow  it. 

The  diecbarge-openiDg  in  front,  50  inches 
long  by  17  inohes  high,  begina  20  iDcbes  above 
the  bottom  of  the  flange.  Its  frame  ia  also  in- 
clined outward  about  10  degrees  from  the  ver- 
tical. The  grooves  on  the  fides,  receiving 
only  the  soreen-frames  and  the  curtain,  are 
simpler  in  constrnction  than  those  of  the 
Homestake  mortar.  The  lugs  for  the  horizontal 
keya  are  the  same.  Taking  the  crosa-seotion, 
we  find  the  flanges  3  inches  thick  and  4^  inohes 
wide.  The  mortar-bed  is  7  inches  thick,  the 
sides,  at  the  foot  of  the  dies,  4J  inohea.  The 
inside  dimensions  are;  Width  at  the  bottom, 
10  inches;  length,  504  inches;  bight,  14  inohes 
to  the  issue  of  mortar  and  pulp,  where  the 
width  IB  16  inches.  This  increases  to  19  inchea 
at  the  top  of  the  discharge.  The  top  of  the 
mortar  is  134  inches  wide,  and  the  total  inside 
hight  50i  inches.  The  casting,  from  the  top 
down  to  the  feed-opening,  ia  £  of  an  inch 
thick. 

A  mortar  lasts  six  years,  and  wears  out  more 
on  the  abort  aides  than  at  the  back. 

In  comparing  the  two  typea,  we  see  that 
they  differ  in  the  feed-opening,  as  already  dis- 
cussed. The  feeding-lip  also  differs,  that  of  the 
Caledonia  mortar  being  thicker  and  wider  than 
the  other.  The  increase  of  width  is  necessitat- 
ed by  the  presence  of  the  amalgamated  copper- 
plate below  the  lip;  the  mortar  itself  is  also 
wider  at  the  issue  for  the  same  reason.  The 
depth  of  the  Homestake  mortar  is  8J  inchee, 
and  that  of  the  California  mortar  14  inchea. 
The  latter  corresponda  with  the  bight  at  which 
the  iasne  of  the  pulp  occurs.  In  the  Home- 
stake  mortar,  the  isaue  is  raised  by  the  inser- 
tion of  the  ohuok-blook   16J  inches  above  the 


inchea  thick.  The  oylindrioal  part,  or  "  boss," 
is  9  inches  in  diameter  and  5  inohes  high. 
The  level  of  the  die  is  10  inches  below  the  dis- 
charge, wbioh  takes  place  over  the  ohnok- 
blook.  The  die  weigha  121  pounds  (one- 
seventh  of  the  weight  of  the  stamp),  and  lasts 
about  six  weeks,  crushing  189  tons.  By  that 
time  the  cylindrical  part  haa  become  slightly 
convex,  and  is  worn  down  to  two  inohes  from  the 
foot-plate.  Its  weight  has  then  been  reduced  to 
about  30  pounde;  thus  48  pounds  of  iron  are 
oonsumed  for  every  100  tons  of  rook  that  are 
crashed. 

The  Caledonia  mill  buys  its  dies  outside. 
They  are  of  ohiled  white  iron.  The  foot-plate 
has  also  beveled  corners,  ia  10  inohes  wide  by 
94  inches  long  and  IJ  Inohes  wide.  The  cylin- 
drical part  ia  8  inches  in  diameter  and  54  inches 
high.  While  the  dies  in  the  Homestake  mortar 
fill  ils  bottom  completely,  those  of  the  Cale- 
donia fit  perfectly  in  the  width  only,  there  be- 
ing a  three  inch  space  in  the  length  that  has  to 
be  divided  up  between  the  five  dies.  The  dis- 
tance from  bottom  of  soreen  to  top  of  die  is  6 
inches.  The  dio  weighs  160  pounds  (abont 
one-fifth  of  the  weight  of  the  stamp)  and  lasts 
three  months,  crushing  300  tons  of  liard  rook. 
The  oylindrioal  part  is  then  worn  down  within 
one  inch  of  the  foot-plate.  The  worn-out  die 
weigha  38  pounds,  making  the  oonaumption  of 
iron  40  pounda  for  every  100  tons  of  rock. 

Amalgamated  copper  plates  are  placed  along 
the  entire  length  of  the  mortar.  In  the  Home- 
stake  mortar  one  plate  is  set  to  the  discharge 
opening;  in  the  Caledonia  mortar  there  are  two 
plates — one  under  the  discharge,  the  other  be- 
neath the  lip  of  the  feed-opening. 

The  Homestake  milla  use  the  ao-oalled  ohuok- 
blook  (half  elevation,  Figs.  2  and  3),  placed 
against  the  lower  flange  and  the  two  side  flanges 
of  the  discharge.  The  chuck-block  consists  of 
a  2-inch  plank,  bolted  to  the  back  of  a  If-iuoh 
board,  and  extending  from  2  to  24  inchea  above 
it.  Its  inside  upper  edge  is  rounded  off,  and 
over  this,  and  along  the  inside  face,  a  3  16  inch 
copper  plate  is  fastened  with  iron  screws.  The 
recess  formed  on  top  of  the  front  board,  I'i 
inohes  wide  and  from  2  to  24  inches  deep,  is 
taken  up  by  the  lower  part  of  the  screen  frame. 
Between  this  and  the  front  board  is  placed  a 
strip  of  carpet  to  form  a  tight  joint.  The 
frame  is  held  in  place  by  a  vertical  piece  of 
flat  iron  bolted  to  the  center  of  the  front  board, 
a  horizontal  wedge  being  driven  between  the 
two.  The  front  board  has  an  iron  facinf^  along 
its  lower  half  and  two  vertical  strips  toward 
the  ends,  to  protect  the  wood  against  the  two 
horizontal  and  the  two  vertical  wedges  with 
which  it  is  fastened  to  the  mortar.  To  the 
baok  (beneath  the  2-inah  plank  having  the 
sheet  copper)  is  tacked  a  strip  of  rubber  cloth 
which  helps  to  make  a  tight  joint  between  the 
wood  and  the  flange  of  mortar. 

Wooden  cbuok-blocka  last  six  montha.  At 
this  time  the  ooppers  have  to  be  removed  and 
put  upon  new  blocka,  or  they  are  scraped  care- 
fully, pot  aside,  melted  and  sold.  Mr.  B. 
Graham  of  the  Homestake  has  replaced  the 
plank  to  which  the  copper-plate  is  screwed  by 
iron.  Of  the  free  gold,  55  per  oent  ie  caught  on 
the  inside  plate.  At  the  Caledonia  mill,  of  the 
free  gold,  60  per  cent  is  caught  on  the  inside 
plates.  This  mill  haa  copper-plates  at  both 
front  and  baok,  the  aim  being  to  keep  the  pulp 
longer  in  the  battery,  and  thus  counteract  the 
refractory  character  of  the  ore. 


Academy  of  Sciences. — The  Academy  of 
Scienoea  held  their  regular  meeting  Monday 
night,  with  the  president,  Dr.  Harkness,  in  the 
obair.  Dr.  Behr  exhibited  a  specimen  of  the 
larvae  of  a  caterpillar  with  a  growth  of  fungus 
attached,  found  in  New  Zaaland.  No  regular 
paper  was  read,  and  in  its  place  J.  W,  Ray- 
mond made  a  few  remarka  on  "Sub-Alpine 
Mollnsca  of  the  Sierra  Nevada,"  specimens  of 
which  were  shown. 


MOBTAB    AND    STAMP 

foot  of  the  dies,  thus  giving,  with  a  shallower 
mortar,  a  deeper  issue  of  pulp'  than  the  Cs\6- 
donia  mortar. 
The  Homestake  management  oaats  its  own 


FOB    HOMBSTAKB    MILL, 
dies.    The  quality  of  iron  used  ia  between  gray 
and  mottled,   the  top   of  the   oylindrioal  part 
being    chilled.      The    foot-plate    has    beveled 
corners  and  is  10  inohea  long,  lOJ  wide  and  IJ 


Robert  Prout,  with  Jack  and  Sandy  Rioh- 
arda,  Tom  Davis,  John  Cocking,  John  Rodda 
and  John  Bryant,  all  Comatook  miners,  have 
gone  to  a  mine  near  Prescott,  Arizona.  They  get 
$3. 50  a  day  from  the  time  they  leave,  traveling 
expenaea  paid,  lodgings  furoiahed,  and  they  to 
pay  SI  per  day  board — equal  to  $2  50  per  day 
clear,  with  regular  work  right  straight  along, 

Theke  is  again  talk  of  eatabliahing  amelting 
works  in  Loa  Angelea,  The  Preaton  system  of 
working  ores  by  the  heat  from  crude  petroleum 
is  that  which  ia  being  oonaidered. 


170 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Mar   8.  1890 


25,524 

5,140 
12,051 


7,110 
2,939 


The  Mining  Companies'    Financial 
Standing. 

The  following  is  the  financial  standing  on  the  first 
Monday  of  the  present  month  of  the  mining  com- 
panies listed  on  the  two  exchanges  in  Ihi?  city: 

Cash.  Debt . 

Alta *«31,652  8 

Alpha 3.261  

Andes «,I34  

Eodie  Con 20,098  

Benton  (Jon 89,073 

Belchor 

Belle  Me 

Best  iSc  Belcher 

Buhvor 12,S26 

Bullion 12,711 

Challenge  Coo 

Caledonia 7,859 

ChoUfir t25,131 

Con.Cal.  &  Virginia :77,026 

Confidence 

Con.  Imperial 

CoD.  New  York 8,877 

Coinmo  11  wealth 18,667 

Crocker **  634 

Crown  Point 

Del  Monte 

East  Sierra  Nevada f-.SSi 

Eureka 6,007 

Exchequer 17,418 

Gould  &  Curry 5,172 

Grand  Prize 

Hale  &  Norctoss 

Holmea - 

ludependence 263 

Julia 7,903 

Justice 

Kentuck 4,286 

Lady  Washington 18,315 

Locomotive **829 

North  Belle  lale 

North  Commonwealth 

Mexican 13,899 

Mono 13,493 

Navojo 

Nevada  Queen 

Occidental 

Ophir 

Overman 21,220 

Peer ^58 


118,131 
12.877 


*44,694 

II  10,341 

9,716 


20,630 
19,243 


16,233 
10,537 
""5.200 

454 


8,152 


**4,6C0 
19,615 


Potoai 

Savage 111^,698 

Scorpion 6,527 

Seg.  Belcher  &  Midea 3,932 

Silver  Hill 8.642 

Sierra  Nevada 19,724 

Silver  King 

Standard 

St,  Louie 360  

Syndicate 7,884  

Union  Con 267  

Utah 8,839  

Weldon 2,412  

*Sal68  or  concentrates  to  be  received. 

tWith  more  bullion  to  be  received. 

iA,gain9t  which  there  is  an  overdraft  at  the  Nevada 
bink  of  354,59/  (further  ahipments  of  bullion  and  the 
partial  expenses  of  the  mine  for  the  month  of  February 
are  to  be  accounted  for). 

§Overdraft  of  §10,000,  with  §35,000  in  bullion  on 
band. 

II  February  bullion  and  mine  expenses  not  included. 

^'^Colleuting  aaaessment. 


Complimentary  Samples. 

Persons  reoeiving  this  paper  marked  are  re- 
quested to  examine  its  contents,  term  of  sub- 
soription,  and  give  it  their  own  patronage,  and 
as  far  as  practicable  aid  in  oiroalating  the 
journal,  and  making  its  value  more  widely 
known  to  others,  and  extending  its  influence  in 
the  cause  it  faithfully  serves.  Subsoriptlon 
rate,  $3  a  year.  Extra  copies  mailed  for  10 
oents,  if  ordered  soon  enough.  If  abeady  a 
Bub^iorlber,  please  ohow  the  paper  to  others. 


PRACTICAL 

Books  on  Mining 

AND  IRRIGATION. 

Descriptive  Catalogue  and  Circulars  of  Booka  relating 
to  Assaying,  Mining,  Electricity  and  Mechanical  Engineer- 
ing, sent  free  on  application. 

E.  &  F.  N.  SPON,  Publishers, 

12  Cortlandt  St.,  New  Torfa. 


HORACE  D.  RANLETT, 

Ores,  Mining,  and  Commission, 

420  Montgomery  St.,  S.  F. 

Ship3  under  advances  to  smelting  works  in  Beaton, 
New  York,  Baltimore  and  Liverpool. 

Twenty-one  years'  experience  in  Shipping  Orea  and 
Managing  Minea. 

Solicits  Cousignmonts  of  Copper  Produce  and  Manage- 
ment of  Min'ng  Matters. 

All  business  conducted  on  Cash  Basis. 

Purchase  andshipment  of  Mining  Supplies  A  Spbcialty. 

Sales  of  Developed  Copper  Minea  undertaken. 

Business  Manager  of  UNION  COPPER  MINE,  Copper- 
opolis,  Cal. ;  NEWTON  COPPER  MINE,  Amador  Co. ,  Cal. 


RUBBER  FACTORY. 


Monarch   Belting. 

The  P.ies  of  this  Belt  are 

UMITEO  by  COTTON  RIVETS 

Which  hold  them  Brmly  together. 

Each  Rivet  is  Independent 

And  Follows  the  Stretch. 

THERE  ARE    NO   STITCHES 

TO  BREAK,  aod 

The    Belt    has    a    Smooth 
Surface. 


Hose,  Belting,  Packing,  Etc. 

ALL  KINDS  OF  RUBBER  GOODS  MADE  TO  ORDER  IN  A  FEW  HOURS. 

W  F.  BOWERS  &  CO  .  409  Market  St.,  San  Francisco. 


To  Miners,  Millmen,  Dealers  in  Machinery,  Etc. 

Tlie  undersigned  offdrs  for  Bsle  at  greilly  reduced  pr'ces,  mach'nery  belonging  to  the 

AUTO -PNEUMATIC    OAR    MOTOR    COMPANY, 

Situate  in  the  City  of  San  Francisco,  on  the  block  toundod  by  Polgom,  Hairison,  Sixteenth  and  Seventeenth  Streits. 
Said  machinery  U  new  and  baa  only  been  used  lorg  en-  ugh  to  test  every  part  of  it. 

One  Conapou-id  Stesm  Air  Compreasor,  low  pressure  cylinder   12s20,  high   pressure 

cylinder  6ti20,  with  inter-coo'er  and  all  conoections  comp  ete. 
One  Air  Tank,  48  Inches  la  diameter   by    10  feet  length,  tested  to  300  pounds  to  the 

Inch. 
One  Auto-Poeumattc  Passenger  and  Motor  Car,  30  feet  Ioqk,  standard  gause.  with  air 

tanks  and  engines  con^plete.    Engines.  Compound,  6-lnch  and  1 1-  nch  cylinders  by 

12-lDcli  stroke. 
2000  feet  or  more  of  20  lbs  rails  with  ties,  bolts  and  fleh  plates,  comple'e. 
For  further  information  apply  to 

J.  C.  RUED,  Director  A.  P.  C.  M.  Co., 

No.  119  Clay  Street,  San  F. ancisco. 


IMPROVED  FORM  OF  HYDRAULIC  GIANTS. 


THE  ABOVE  CDT  ILLUSTRATES  THE  IMPROTED  FOBU  OF  DOUBLE-JOINTED  HY- 
DRAUIiTC  GIANTS  Mrhich  we  manufacture.  We  guarantee  purchaaers  of  this  form  of  Oianta  agalnat  all 
costs,  expenses  or  damage s  which  may  arise  from  any  arlverae  suits  or  actiona  at  law.  We  are  further  prepared  to 
furnish  Sin^le-Jotnted  Olants  when  required.  Prices,  discounta  and  Catalogues  of  our  apecialtiea  of  Hy- 
draulic Alining  Machinery  aent  on  application. 

JOSHUA  HENDY  MACHINE  WORKS.  39  to  51  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco. 


HOISTING  ENGINES  FOR  MINES 


1,2,  or  4  Drums,  with  Reversible  Link 
Motion  or  Pat.  Improved  Friction. 


MADE  ONLY  BY  THB 


LIDGERWOOD  M'F'G  CO.. 

96  I  Iberty  St.,  New  York. 

34  and  S6  West  Monroe  St.,  Chicago. 

197  to  203  Congress  St.,  Boston. 

PACIFIC    COAST    AOBNTS. 

PARKE  &  LACY  CO.,  San  Francisco. 

Send  for  Catalogrue. 


KROGH'S  MINING  HORSE-POWER  HOIST 


la  known  to  be  the 
Best  Horae-Fower 
HoiBt  now  made. 
It  ia  strong  and 
durable. 

The  drum   wiU 

catry  1000  feet  of 

tive-tighths  steel 

rope.    It   can  be 

iis-d    to    run    a 

inuiip-or  blower, 

on  junction 

]i  hoistiug. 

iifiictui-ed  by  ^- 


..f, 


&  Co., 

51    BEAliE   ST., 
San  Francisco. 


DELINQUENT  SALE  NOTICE. 
Gray  Eagle   Mining  Compsny.    Location 

of  principal  place  of  buaineaa.San  Pranuisco,  California, 

Location  of  Worka,  Placer  Co.,  Cal. 

NOTIGK.— There  are  delimjuent  upon  Ihe  following 
dtBcrib  d  Stock,  on  acmnt  of  Asaeaament  (No.  16) 
levied  on  the  2l5t  day  of  January,  1S90,  the  several 
nm  'unta  Bet  opposite  the  names  of  t'iio  reapective  Share- 
holders, as  fo'.lowt; 

No 
MAMKS,  Cenifi-ate. 

DEAMIson ii04 

D  Bowers 379 

D  B  wers 404 

K  WBlairy 'JS4 

J  M  Buflington,  Trustee am 

0  H  Rocart,  Trustee 40h 

O  H  Bogirt,  Trmtee '.Ail 

O  H  Boga^^,  Trustee 470 

0  H  Boffart,  Trustee 471 

<>H  Brgart.  Ttu  tee 47',> 

.lames  Clark 461 

M  WG  ay,Tru-»tee tSl 

B  W  Hiinca 49sj 

B  W  riainea 499 

W  C  Himten,  T.ustee 50(3 

W  C  IJuiiten,  Trustee 507 

WCHunten.Tru  tee 5  8 

WC  Huntcn.  Trustee 509 

W  C  Hunten ,  Trustee 610 

WC  Hunten,  Truatee 511 

Cyrus  W  Jones,  Truatee 421 

John  Linden 84 

H  M  Roaakrans 39 

Geo  Roaa 14B 

Ge)  Ross 146 

Geo  R-^ss 147 

Geo  Rosa 14S 

Geo  Hogs 149 

Geo  Rosa 240 

U  S  Stout,  'Iruetee 47fl 

C  S  Stout,  T.uatee 477 

Rlra  M  E  Stout 170 

Mrs  M  E  Stout la's 

W  A  Soarl*=8,  Truatte 518 

JNTajI.  r 102 

J  N  Tavlor 3ao 

Theo  Woizcl,  Trustee 176 

Theo  Wetz  1.  Trustee 225 

Theo  Weizel.  Trustee 265 

A  H  Winn.  T.usteo 460 

A  H  Winn,  Trustee 467 

A  H  Winn,  Trustee 4GS 

Acd  in  accordance  with  law,  and  an  order  of  the 
Board  of  Directors,  made  on  the  21&t  day  of  Janu'»ry, 
1390,  so  manysharcsi  of  each  parcel  of  such  Stock  as  may 
ba  neccsaQry,  will  bj  sold  at  public  Auction,  at  the  of- 
fice of  the  Cumpanv,  Room  11,  No  303  I  aliforuia  street, 
Sao  Francisco,  Oa  irornift.  nn  MO  J  "AY,  TH"^  SEVEN- 
TEENTH (17th)  DAY  <»F  MARUH,  1300.   at  the  hour   of 

1  o'clock  p.  M.  of  said  day,  to  pay  said  Delinquent  As- 
sessment (hereon,  togtther  with  'utts  of  dvatisiiis  end 
expenses  cfsile  J.  M.  BUFFINGTON,  Secretiry. 

Ortiic,  hor  ni  U,  No.  303  California  street,  San  Fran* 
Cisco,  California 


No. 
Sharea. 

Amt. 

26 

;i  00 

SO 

80 

600 

20  00 

20 

80 

J476 

179  00 

41 

1  60 

f.OOO 

200  (0 

1000 

iO  00 

ROO 

20  00 

600 

20  00 

1(11 

4  00 

600 

20  00 

000 

20  00 

.'.OO 

20  00 

lOl) 

4  00 

:oo 

4  00 

100 

4  CO 

100 

4  00 

100 

4  00 

100 

i  00 

1000 

40  00 

100 

4  00 

600 

24  00 

100 

4  00 

100 

4  00 

100 

4  00 

100 

4  00 

lOO 

4  00 

20 

80 

2000 

80  00 

053 

38  12 

TOO 

20  00 

6  0 

20  00 

1000 

40  00 

1000 

40  00 

40 

1  00 

200 

S  00 

s 

Si 

312 

12  48 

1000 

40  00 

600 

20  00 

500 

20  00 

XDI"S7"XIDElSriD     JSTOTICE. 

OiBco  of  tlia   Pacific   Borax,   Salt  and  Soda  Company, 
San  Fmncisfio,  February  28,  1890. 

At  a  meotinu  of  the  Board  of  Directors  of  flie  al'ove- 
naa  ed  Company,  h^id  th  a  day,  a  Dividend  (No.  29)  of 
One  Dollar  (Sl.OU)  per  share  was  declared,  payable 
MONDAY,  IVfARCH  10, 1890,  at  the  oIlUe  of  the  Company, 
No.  230  Montgomery  Street,  Rooms  II  and  12.  Transfer 
Books  close  March  5,  1890,  at  3  o'clock  i'.  M. 

ALTON  H.  CLOUQH,  Fecretary. 


yiicatiopal. 


OF 

ASSAYING    AND    CHEMISTRY, 

Rooms  46  &  47.  >628  MontHomerv  St. 

2d  Floor  Montgomery  Bl'k.  f        San  Francisco, 
Aleo,  Eveuing  Claeaea,  7  to  10  o'clock. 

JOHN  T.  EVANS,  M.  A.,  Principal. 


School  of  Practical.  Civil,  Mechanical  and 
MINING  ENGINEERING, 

Snrveyig,  Arcmtectire,  Drawing  M  Assaying 

723    MARKET    STREET, 

Tho  History  Building,  San  Franoibco,  Cal 

A.  VAN  DEK  NAILLEN,  President. 

Assaying  of  OreR,  $26;  Builion  and  Chlorination  Assay, 

$25;  Blowpipe  Assay,  SIO.     F^all  course  of  assaying,  150. 

i^^end  for  circular. 


THE 


PIONEER    COMMERCIAL    SCHOOI, 

o 


LIFE  SCHOLABSHIPS,  $75. 
No  Vacations.  Dat  and  Etbninq  Sksbioms. 

Ladies  admitted  into  ail  Departments. 
Address:    T.  A.  ROBINSON.  M.  A..  President. 


HEALDS 


BUSINESS     OOLLBGE. 

24  POST  ST..  8.  F, 

FOB  SEVENTY-FIVE  DOIiEiABS  XHIfi 
Colle(!:e  Inatructa  In  Shorthand,  T3rpe  Writing,  Booh- 
ieeplnp,  Telegraphy,  Penmsmabip,  Drawing,  all  the  En- 
E^llsn  brancbea,  and  Dverything  pertaining:  to  bualneas. 
(or  six  fall  montha.  We  have  sixteen  teachora,  and  give 
Individual  inatruotion  to  all  our  pnplla.  Our  achool  hae 
ita  graduatea  In  every  p^rt  of  th«  Sute. 

i^SlND  FOR  ClBCDIuLR. 

E.  p.  HEALD,  Prealdeal. 
D.  $1.  HALET.  Secrelsrr 


GRANGER'S  POLLER  STAMP  MILL 

■Ri\irs  them  all.  "Works  drv  ores.  Makes  even  gran- 
ulation.   No  dead  work,  hi-hcc  nilnimnm  wear. 

A.  P.  GRAN'GKR.  Denver,  Colo. 

GRANGER'S  dFoRE  SEPARATOR 

Tlic  very  best.  Uses  no  Trater,  No  freezing-  up. 
Raves  huulins  -waste.  Snves  hi^li  percentage.  Send 
lor  circuinrs. 

A.  P.  GRAXGER,  Denver,  Colo. 


Mar.  8,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


171 


The  Rotary  Snow-plow. 

Darine  this  very  severe  winter  the  Central 
Paoifio  Railroad  Co.,  In  order  to  keep  its  road 
ever  the  mountains  In  operation,  has  bad  to 
place  almost  entire  dependenoe  on  the  rotary 
steam  snow  shovel.  Without  this  appliance  It 
woold  have  been  impossible  to  olear  the  road  of 
snow.  Darinft  the  heaviest  of  the  storms,  they 
had  only  one  of  these  plows,  and  it  was  kept 
constantly  at  work,  performinf;  its  office  satis* 
factorily  and  to  the  admiration  of  all  who  had 
anything  to  do  with  it. 

The  rotary  steam  snow  shovel,  an  engraving 
of  which  is  shown  on  page  Itil;  consists  of  a 
heavy  wrought-iron  frame  made  of  12-inoh  I 
beams,  strongly  braced,  carrying  upon  its  for* 
ward  end  a  steel  drum  9  feet  in  diameter,  with 
a  fquare  front  10  feet  wide,  in  which  are  con* 
tained  12  rotating  shovels  made  of  the  best 
steel  and  arranged  like  an  immense  fan>wheel. 
Oa  the  front  of  the  shovels  are  placed  IS  two* 
edged  knives  of  bast  steel,  which  reverse  anto- 
matioally.  Oa  the  frame  in  the  rear  of  the  drum 
are  located  the  engines  and  boiler  which  supply 
the  power  to  rotate  the  shovel-wheel,  the 
whole  supported  by  two  extra  heavy  fottr*wheel 
trucks. 

The  cylinders  are  17  inohea  in  diameter 
and  22  inches  stroke,  of  the  best  iron  made  for 
that  purpose.  The  boiler  is  of  the  beat  steel, 
716  inch  thick;  cylindrioal  part  52  inches 
diameter;  there  is  a  wagon>top  over  the  furnace 
12  inches  higher  than  the  cylinder  part,  and 
one  dome  over  the  furnace,  2S  in,  x  28  in. 

The  6re*box  is  69  inches  long  and  47^  inches 
wide,  inside,  of  homogeneous  cast  steel.  There 
are  1S4  iron  flues,  2  inches  diameter,  11  feet  2 
inohea  long.  The  machine  is  equipped  with 
two  iojectora;  R'chardson's  balanced  slide 
valves  and  double  eight  feed  Inbricators,  and  is 
famished  with  gauge  lamps,  whistle,  two  safety 
valves,  steam  and  water  gauges,  heater  and 
gauge  cocks,  etc. 

The  material  and  workmanship  are  the  same 
is  as  usual  in  the  highest  standard  of  locomo- 
tive construction. 

The  boiler  and  machinery  are  entirely  covered 
with  a  aubBtantial  ash  cab.  The  front  truck  is 
equipped  with  an  extra  wrought-iron  frame, 
made  fast  on  the  truck  frame,  for  the  purpose 
of  carrying  the  ice-cutter  and  flanger. 

The  ice*cutter  is  hung  from  the  forward  end 
of  the  extra  frame,  and  can  be  lowered  to  out 
the  ice  and  snow  from  the  inside  and  off  the 
top  of  the  rails  in  front  of  the  forward  truck 
wheels,  so  as  to  make  it  impossible  to  derail 
the  rotary  shovel  by  ioe  or  snow. 

The  dinger  is  hung  on  the  rear  end  of  said 
extra  frame,  and  is  so  oonstrnoted  as  to  cut 
within  one-half  inch  of  the  rails  on  the  sharpest 
curve,  and  works  perfectly,  no  matter  how 
slow  or  how  fast  it  is  rnn  over  the  line.  It  will 
clean  the  flinge  and  rail  thoroughly  in  a  deep 
bank  or  cutting.  Both  ice*catter  and  flinger 
are  raised  by  a  6x9  steam  cylinder. 

A  number  of  these  powerful  machines  have 
been  sold  and  are  in  operation  this  winter  on 
the  followiog  railroads  :  Union  Pacific,  Col- 
orado Midland,  Southern  Pacific,  Oregon  B. 
R.  &  Navigation  Co.,  Northern  Pacific,  Denver 
&  Rio  Grande,  C.  &  N.  W.  Ry.,  0..  Sb.  P  ,  M. 
&  0.,St.P.,M.&  M.,8t.P.&Ste.  Marie,D.,S 
S.  &  A.,  N.  Y.  C.  &  H.  R.  R.  R.,  0.,  M.  & 
St.  P.,  and  other  lines.  They  are  built  by  the 
Leslie  Bros.  Manufacturing  Co.,  Piteraon,  N. 
J.,  a  new  company  which  has  taken  the  place 
of  the  Rotary  Steam  Shovel  Mannfacturing 
Co.,  and  will  manufacture  various  other  railway 
appliances. 

All  through  the  "Far  West"  this  year 
heavy  snowstorms  have  been  the  rnle;  way 
down  in  New  Mexico  in  November  last  the 
roads  became  blocked  and  a  rotary  snow*plow 
had  to  be  sent  from  Colorado  to  get  the  passeu' 
gere  out.  This  was  the  case  on  the  Denver, 
Texas  &  Fort  Worth  R.  R.  The  same  storm 
struck  the  western  part  of  Kansas  abont  the 
same  time,  completely  blocking  the  western 
divisions  of  the  Chicago,  Rock  Island  &  Pacific 
with  snow,  sand  and  ice,  but  the  Rock  Island  Co. 
bad  the  good  fortune  to  own  two  rotariea  with 
which  they  opened  their  line  in  as  many  hours 
as  it  would  have  taken  days  to  have  done  in 
any  other  way,  as  the  plow  throws  the  snow 
clear  away  from  the  track  by  its  operation. 

Then  the  storm  seemed  to  make  for  the 
mountains,  where  it  made  itself  felt  from  New 
Mexico  to  Washington  Territory,  and  clean  to 
the  weat  side  of  the  Sierra  Nevadas  and  the 


Cascades,  not  forgetting  the  Siskiyous  and  the 
Shastas.  The  first  mountain  road  to  fall  a  vic- 
tim to  its  fury  was  the  Denver,  South  Park  & 
Pacific,  a  part  of  the  Union  Pacific  system. 

For  several  months  back  heavy  snowslides 
have  been  frequent  along  this  line,  many  of 
which  have  exceeded  20  feet  deep  on  the  track, 
and  only  those  who  have  seen  a  aoowslide  in  the 
mountains  can  realize  the  hardness  of  the  com- 
pact mass  the  snow  is  driven  into  by  theee  ter- 
rible slides.  Yet  the  rotary  has  never  failed  to 
ont  Its  way  throngh  those  slides,  only  where 
Tochs  and  trees  have  been  carried  down  and 
buried  in  the  solid  mass.  Notwithstanding  the 
fact  that  every  care  has  been  taken  to  prevent 
the  rotary  from  running  abunk  of  the  rooks,  it 
has  been  badly  damaged  on  several  occasions  by 
coming  in  contact  with  such  obstructions,  bur* 
led  in  the  hard-packed  anow,  making  it  a  very 
diffi^cult  task  to  keep  this  line  open  with  but 
one  rotary. 

Reports  from  the  Colorado  Midland  indicate 
heavy  snows  on  that  line  also,  and*  notwith- 
standing the  fact  that  the  snow  is  1^  feet  on 
the  level,  with  drifts  much  deeper,  the  ofiBoials 
report  that  owing  to  the  successful  workings 
of  their  rotary  plow  they  have  not  had  a  train 
seriously  delayed  up  to  the  present  time. 

The  Denver  &  Rio  Grande,  with  two  rotaries* 
kept  their  line  open  more  successfully  than  ever 
before. 

While  the  rotarles  were  fighting  hard  in  Col- 
orado, the  terrible  storms  in  the  Sierra  Nevadas 
pat  in  an  appearance,  and  for  days  and  weeks 
the  Central  Pacific  Co.  was  enabled  to  keep 
their  line  open  for  traffic  with  but  one  rotary 
plow,  which  they  purchased  two  years  ago  and 
had  never  had  an  opportunity  of  thoroughly 
testing  until  the  recent  storm  set  in,  in  the 
latter  part  of  November  last,  in  the  Sierrap, 
where  for  weeks  in  succession  it  scarcely  let  up 
for  a  day,  spreading  its  wings  over  so  much 
territory  and  increasing  in  ita  fury  until  it  was 
simply  impoasible  to  cover  the  length  of  snow- 
bound track  with  one  rotary,  yet  for  days  and 
weeks  the  rotary  succeeded  in  convoying  the 
trains  backward  and  forward  nntil  snowslides 
d  increased  storms  completely  bsfiiad  the 
efforts  of  the  company  to  keep  the  line  open 
with  one  rotary  plow. 

This  winter  has  demonstrated  to  the  South- 
ern Pacific  Company  that  had  they  had  a  suffi- 
cient number  of  rotary  plows,  they  need  not 
have  delayed  a  train.  General  Superintendent 
Fillmore  was  free  to  admit  in  bis  dispatch  of 
January  24bh  that  if  he  had  had  three  or  four 
rotaries,  instead  of  only  one,  little  delay  wonld 
have  been  caused,  and  the  terrible  blockade  on 
their  line,  during  the  winter  of  1889  and  1890, 
would  have  been  averted,  which  is  clearly 
established  in  his  dispatch  of  January  29tih,  in 
which  he  states  that  the  rotary  plow  which 
they  borrowed  from  the  Union  Pacific,  to  open 
the  west  end  of  their  Salt  Lake  division,  did 
more  work  in  six  hours  than  it  would  have 
taken  500  men  to  do  in  one  week. 

During  those  terrible  storms,  the  ro^^ary  was 
in  continuous  service  for  14  days  and  14  nights, 
and  it  will  be  remembered  that  when  within 
300  feet  of  the  end  of  the  great  blockade  in  the 
Sierra  Nevadas,  the  rotary  was  disabled.  This 
was  mainly  the  reault  of  overjoy  and  enthusi- 
asm, which  was  augmented  by  the  cheers  of  the 
imprisoned  passengers  and  crews  of  the  snow- 
bound trains,  who  had  concluded  that  it  was 
simply  impossible  to  disable  the  powerful  ma- 
chine. Words  can  hardly  express  the  excite- 
ment and  delight  of  the  prisoners,  which  in- 
creased as  the  wonderful  plow  advanced,  until 
the  engineers  on  the  powerful  locomotives  be* 
hind  It  gave  way  to  their  feelings  by  blowing 
their  whistles  and  pulling  the  throttles  wide 
open,  with  a  view  to  passing  through  the  last 
great  mountain  of  snow  and  raising  the  terri- 
ble blockade  with  fiying  colore;  but  the  extra 
power  proved  too  much,  and  the  rotary,  after 
ita  gallant  fight,  was  obliged  to  give  way  to  the 
enormous  strain  before  the  last  200  feet  had 
been  cleared. 

However,  the  difficulty  was  finally  overcome, 
the  plow  repaired,  and  another  one  purchased. 
Mr.  Fillmore's  high  opinion  of  the  performance 
of  the  rotary  ia  fully  aubstantiated  by  the  re- 
ports of  the  officials  of  the  Northern  Pacific, 
who  claim  that  it  was  owing  to  the  fact  that 
they  had  a  sufficient  number  of  rotaries  that 
they  were  enabled  to  run  their  overland  trains 
through  to  the  coast  almost  invariably  on  time, 
never  having  had  a  train  more  than  a  few  hours 
late,  and  very  few  more  than  a  few  minntee. 

Equally  aatiafactory  reporta  of  the  work 
done  by  the  rotary  are  madn  bv  the  officials 
of  the  St.  Paul,  MinneapoUa  &  Manitoba  road 
on  their  line, 

Thia  ia  the  third  winter  the  rotary  has  been 
in  uae  on  the  Oregon  Railway  &  Navigation 
Co. 'a  line.  The  winter  before  last  they  got 
their  first  rotary,  which  proved  such  a  succesa 
in  the  storms  that  season  that  they  secured  a 
second  one  a  year  ago  last  fall,  and  they  claim 
that  the  rotaries  never  failed  to  do  their  work 
successfully  and  satisfactorily  by  keeping  their 
line  open  for  traffic,  until  they  had  the  miefort 
une  of  disabling  one  of  them  in  the  mountains 
a  few  weeks  ago.  In  fact  it  has  been  a  succesa 
wherever  used  this  winter. 


List  of  D.  S.  Patents  for  Pacific  Coast 
Inventors. 

Reported  by  Dewey  &  Co.,  Pioneer  Patent 
SoUcltora  for  Pacific  Ooaat. 

JOK    \VF,KK    KNDING    1-RB.    l8.   1890. 

421,884.— Stkek I nc-Wheel  Carriage— Dan'l 
Best.  San  L''andro,  Cal.  • 

421,657.— KoTAKv  Joint— W.  F.  Biwers,  S.  F. 

421,858. —  I^enuulum-Bar  Treadle- E.  A, 
Cochran,  Pa?adena,  Cal. 

421,555-  —  Sawdust  Burner- F.  W.  Cook, 
S.  K       ■ 

421.675.— Hair-Restorer— Crooks  &  Robin, 
S.  P. 

42I,88o.^WHn-PLETREE  CONNECTION  — O.  J. 
i''isk,  Coullerville,  Cal. 

421.495. — Dkawiiead — T.  W.  Heintzelman,  Sac- 
ramento. Cal. 

421.739.— Harrow— H.  L,  Mack,  Ellensburg, 
WHsh. 

421,886,— Axle-Lubricator— R.  H.  Parker. 
Carson,   Nev. 

421,881. — Raisin-Grader— Jas.  Porteous,  Fres- 
no, Cal. 

421,609.— Shifter  for  Gang-Edgers— S,  H. 
Pratt,  Brownsville,  Cal. 

421,610.— Journal  Box  Protector  —  H.  S. 
Pugsley.  Oakland.  Cal. 

421  617.  — Puinters'  Galley— W.  S.  Rogers, 
Los  Angeles.  Cal. 

421,882.- Visual  Annunciator  for  Call- 
BoxES— Paul  S-iler.  S.  F. 

421.883. — Mixing  Apparatus -Geo.  W.  Swan, 
S.  F. 

421,453.— Cut-off  Valve. — C.  W,  Tremain, 
Portland,  Or. 

421.877.— Duplex  Ledger-Ruler— S,  B.  White- 
side.  Los  Angeles,  Cal. 

421.800.'^  Mouth-Piece  for  Telephones— 
Whitney  &  Cowles.  S.   F. 

421.885.— Guiding  Attachment  for  Agri- 
cultural Implements—C.  W.  Packard,  Fresno, 
Cal. 

17,541. — Trademark.  Callustro  Co.,  S.  F. 

for  the  week  ending  FEB.  25,    189O. 

422,329.— Oil  Burner — J.  F.  Beals,  Los  An- 
geles, Cal. 

422,047.— Burglar-Proof  Car— J.  Beermaker, 
Santa  Barbara,  Cal. 

422,283.  — Necktie  Fastener — H.  Berchling, 
Roslyn,  Wash. 

422,070.  —  Water  Front  Attachment  for 
Boilers— J.  T.  Charest.  Red  Bluff,  Cal. 

422,124.  —  Driving  Rein  —  M.  S.  Dickinson, 
Los  Angeles,  Cal. 

422,013. — Cannon-Wheel  Remover— H.  R. 
Eckstrom,  Santa  Rosa,  Cal. 

422,203.— Beverage  Carbonizer— C.  W.  Gib- 
son, S.  F. 

421,932. — Bullet  —  W.  A.  Heisler,  Prescott, 
A.  T. 

422,131.- Shoe  Lacer — A.  C.  James,  Pomona, 
Cal.  ■ 

422,086.- Variable  Crank  for  Velocipedes 
— H.  E,  Lewis.  Gild  Hill,   Nev. 

422,275.  -Carriage  Jack  —  T.  L.  Williams, 
Bip  Bend,  Cal. 

422. T04. — Device  FOR  Laying  Out  Orchards 
—J.   B.  Yount,    Dixon,  Cal. 

The  (oIiQwinir  brief  liet  by  telegraph,  for  March  4,  will 
appear  more  complete  on  receipt  of  mail  advices: 

California— Joseph  R.  Trice,  aaaignor  of  a  half  to  H. 
ri,  Owena,  San  Francisco,  photographic  sliotter;  Joseph 
Tomlinnon  Sr,,  Polsom.  wrench;  John  bhroeder,  S.  1'. , 
Baiter  boot;  Allerney  W.  Schmidt,  S.  P.,  ehell  for  high 
explosivea;  Judaon  Rice,  Sao  Jof  e,  heating  apparatus  for 
disaolving  bituminous  rotk;  William  Pierce,  Napa,  gate; 
Eugene  C.  Merrill,  West  Oakland,  car-lock;  Elmer  C. 
Jordan,  Sacramento,  circu'ator  and  feedwater  heater; 
Jason  W.  Fairfield,  Pacific  Beaoh,  QuartzDiill;  Emma  P. 
Balls.  S.  P.,  poliahin^' powder;  Walter  H.  Eager,  S,  P., 
knife-box  rubber  for  printing  preasea;  T.  C.  Churchman, 
Sacramento,  car-wheel  and  axle;  Joseph  Behm,  San 
Jose,  centrifugal  polisher;  William  A.  Beck,  S.  P.,  fruit- 
drier;  F.  W.  Beardalee,  Berkeley,  firm  gate. 

NOTB.— Copies  of  U.  S.  and  Foreign  patents  furniahed 
by  Dewey  &  Co.,  in  the  shortest  time  posaible  (by  mail 
or  telegraphic  order).  American  and  Foreign  patents 
obtained,  and  general  patent  buslneas  for  Pacifto  Coaat 
inventore  transacted  with  perfect  aecurity,  at  reaaoDBble 
ratea,  and  in  the  ahortest  posaible  time. 


This  iDTeDtion  relates  to  a  device  for  oonven- 
iently  removing  this  "  cannon-wheel"  from  its 
post  in  clocks. 

Device  for  Laying  Out  Orcuards, — John 
B.  Yoont,  Dixon.  Solano  Co.  No.  422.104. 
DUed  Feb.  25,  1S03.  This  is  a  meobanicat  de- 
vice for  laying  out  orchards  and  for  other  like 
work,  lb  ooDsiBts  of  a  Tnatbematiealty  adjustable 
frame  vith  devices  whereby  stakes  may  be  set, 
the  holes  made  and  the  trees  set  in  mathemat- 
loal  lines  and  in  a  perfectly  vertical  position. 
In  laying  out  orchards,  it  is  specially  desirable 
that  the  trees  ahoald  be  so  set  with  relation  to 
each  other  as  to  form  rows  in  several  directiona 
from  any  given  point,  with  open  roads  or 
spaces  between  them  for  the  purpose  of  cnltiva* 
tioD,  to  gather  frnlt  and  for  symmetrical  ap- 
pearance. This  appliance  lays  oat  these  spaces 
accurately. 

Water  front  Attachment  for  Boilers. — 
John  T.  Charest,  Rad  Blutf,  assignor  of  one-third 
to  Jospoh  Maroott,  S»n  Jose.  No.  422,070. 
Dited  Feb.  25,  1S90.  This  water-front  attach- 
ment for  boilers  coneiets  of  an  independent 
furnace  front,  which  may  be  bniltlnto  the  usual 
brickwork  of  a  stationary  boiler,  said  front  be- 
ing made  hollow,  so  as  to  contain  water,  aod 
having  pipes  connecting  its  upper  part  with  the 
boiler  or  boilers,  cocks  by  which  connection 
may  be  cut  off  or  regulated  at  pleasure,  tubular 
grates  oonnected  with  the  lower  part  of  eald 
tront,  and  a  water-supply  pipe  delivering  water 
throngh  the  tubular  grates,  and  also  directly 
ioto  the  lower  part  of  the  front  and  through 
the  bridge  wall.  The  water  becomes  con- 
siderably heated  by  reason  of  the  fire  upon  the 
inner  wall  of  the  furnace-front  and  upon  the 
bridge  wall,  and  the  whole  device  serves  as  a 
water-heater,  utilizing  a  considerable  amount 
of  heat  from  the  furnace  to  raise  its  tempera- 
ture to  the  proper  point  before  its  delivery  into 
the  boiler. 

The  Milling  Bureau  Museum. 

The  following  are  some  of  the  recent  additions  to 
tbp  collection  of  the  State  Mining  Bureau: 

Polished  qunrtzite,  from  Sioux  Falls,  S.  D.,  which 
is  quarried  in  large  quaniities  and  sold  under  the 
trade  name  of  "  Sioux  Kails  Jasper,"  from  J.  W. 
Fops. 

Embolite  (chloro-bromide  of  silver),  Broken  Hill, 
Australia,  from  Louis  Janin. 

Selenium,  a  very  rare  mineral,  from  Honduras — 
Charles  Thistlewaite, 

Topaz  (group  of  crystals),  Japan  — J.  Z.  Davis. 

Celestite  (sulphate  of  strontium),  or  Colemanite, 
from  Calico,  Sin  Bernardino  county,  California. 

Rich  silver  ores  from  Sinaloa  and  Durango,  Mex- 
ico, and  iron  ore  with  iron  made  from  it,  from  an 
immense  deposit  in  Durango,  on  which  extensive 
works  have  been  erected  for  the  manufacture  of 
iron— C.  A.  Hamilton. 

Native  mercury  and  rich  cinnabar  from  Pine 
Flat,  Sonoma  county,  California — C.  A.  Grimmer. 

Huantajavita  (argentiferous  halite),  Tarapaca, 
Chile— M.   Rosenstock. 

Embolite,  from  same  place — M.  Rosenstock. 

Gold  quartz,  Elkhorn  mine,  Oregon,  assaying 
$400  per  ton — J.   H.   Robbins. 

Gold  in  hematite.  Golden  Era  mine,  Sierra  City, 
Sierra  county,  California — Thomas  Murphy. 

Anthracite  coal,  Cloquato,  Washington— H,  C. 
Davis. 

Silver  ores,  from  San  Bernardino  county,  Cali- 
fornia. 

A  Fire  has  broken  out  on  the  old  atopes  of 
the  1000-foot  level  of  the  Silver  King  mine, 
A'izDua.  A  bulkhead  has  been  put  i^p  cutting 
offDhat  portion  from  the  rest  oftbe  mine. 


Notices  of  Recent  Patents, 

Among  the  patents  recently  obtained  through 
Dewey  &  Co.'s  Scientific  Press  U.  S.  and 
Foreign  Patent  Agency,  the  following  are 
worthy  of  special  mention: 

Variable  Crank  for  Velocipedes. — Hiram 
F.  Lewis,  Gold  Hill,  Nev.  No.  422,036. 
Dated  Feb.  25,  1890.  This  Is  a  mechanical 
movement  in  that  class  in  which  a  orank  hav- 
ing a  variable  or  eccentric  throw  is  employed. 
The  invention  oonsista  essentially  in  a  lazy- 
tongs  connected  at  one  end  about  the  true 
center  of  motion  and  carrying  in  the  other  end 
the  crank-pin  and  an  eccentrically  located  lever 
connected  with  said  lazy  tongs  whereby  they 
are  extended  and  contracted,  and  their  crank- 
pin  thus  made  to  move  in  an  eccentric  course. 
The  obj  ct  is  to  provide  a  orank  movement  of 
this  character  for  use  in  connection  with  any 
machine  to  which  it  may  be  found  applicable, 
but  especially  in  connection  with  foot-power 
machines,  such  as  bicycles,  tricycles  and 
velocipedes  generally.  Its  advantage  is  io 
saving  lost  motion  by  reducing  the  distance  of 
movement  at  the  same  time  that  the  length  of 
crank  may  be  increased  to  give  the  necessary 
or  desired  power. 

Gannon-Wheel  Remover.— Harry  K.  Eka- 
trom,  S*nta  Rosa,  assignor  of  one-half  to 
Adolph  F.  Gaiol.  Lis  Angeles.  No.  422,013. 
Dited  Feb.  25,  1890.  The  cannon-wheel  of  a 
clock  ia  forced  upon  ita  post  outside  of  the 
frame-work  and  so  close  to  the  plate  that  it  ia 
very  difficult  to  insert  a  tool  beneath  it  or  re- 
move It  without  damaging  the  teeth  of  the 
wheel,  bending  the  post  or  springing  the  frame. 


Our  Agents. 

OuK  Frtbitds  can  do  much  in  aid  of  our  paper  and  the 
cause  of  practical  knowledge  and  Boience,  by  assisting 
Apents  in  their  labors  of  caavasaing,  by  lending  their  in- 
flueooe  and  encourag^ing  favors.  We  intend  to  send  none 
but  worthy  men. 

J.  C.  HoAG — San  Francisco. 

R.  G.  BAit^BT— San  Francisco, 

W.  W.  TuROBALDS— Los  Angelcs  Co. 

E.  FlBCiiEa — Central  California. 

Obo.  WiLBoif — Saaffituento  Co. 

E.  H.  SouAEFFLK-J^Calaveras  Co, 

Frank  S.  Chapin— Coluaa  Co. 

Isaac  Aykr— Fresno,  Cal. 

Samckl  Cliff— San  Luis  Obispo  Co. 

Wm.  H.  Hillsary— Oregon. 

E.  E.    Drming — Oregon. 

Chas.  M.  Moody-  Oregon. 

H.  G.  Pabsons— Waahington. 

R.  G.  Huston — Montana. 


Successful  Patent  Solicitors. 

As  Dewey  &  Co.  have  been  in  the  patent  soliciting  busi- 
ness on  this  Coaat  now  for  so  many  years,  the  Hrm's  name 
is  a  well-known  one.  Another  reason  for  ita  popularity 
is  that  a  great  proportion  of  tlie  Pacific  Coast  patents 
Issued  by  the  Government  have  been  procured  through 
their  agency.  They  are,  therefore,  well  and  thoroughly 
posted  on  the  needs  of  the  progreesive  industrial  claBaea 
of  thia  Coast.  They  arc  the  beat  poated  firm  on  what 
has  been  done  in  all  branchea  of  industry,  and  are  able 
to  judge  of  what  ia  new  and  patentable.  In  this  they 
have  a  great  advantage,  which  is  of  practical  dollar  and 
cent  vaiuo  to  their  clients.  That  this  is  underatood  and 
appreciated,  is  evidenced  by  the  number  of  patents 
Issued  through  their  Soientipio  Prrss  Patent  Agency  (3. 
F.)  from  week  tn  wopk  anri  vnar  t.n  voar 


Attention,    Southern    California 
Miners. 

WORKS    FOR    SALE. 

The  Works  are  situated  at  Daggett,  Cal.,  in  the 
Calico  Mining  Disirict,  and  on  the  side-track  of  the 
Atlantic  and  Pacific  Railroad.  They  cantain  a  first- 
class  50-horfe  power  Engine  and  45-horse  power 
boiler,  with  Ore  Crusher  and  other  machinery,  Mill 
Scales,  Assaying  Outfit,  etc.,  all  nearly  new.  Also 
upon  the  premises  an  office  building  and  a  comfort- 
able dwelling-house  (poriable).  The  abovp  can  be 
had  at  a  bargain.  Apply  to  GILLISPY  &  CHILDS, 
123  California  St.,  San  Francisco, 


174 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Mae.  8,  1890 


II]af^ket  Ixepof^ts. 


Local  Markets. 

San  Francisco,  March  6,  i8go. 
Rainy  weather  the  past  week  interfered  to  some 
extent  with  distributive  trade,  but  at  the  close  the 
promise  is  held  out  of  more  settled  weather,  which 
will  bring  in  its  wake  larger  business,  for  stocks  of 
goods  carried  in  the  valleys  and  mountain  towns  are 
almost  nil.  The  iron-molders'  strike  the  past  week 
comes  very  inopportune,  and  if  not  soon  settled, 
will  send  all  work  East.  Foundrymen  and  manu- 
facturers in  general  say  that  we  must  have  cheaper 
raw  material,  or  else  cheaper  labor;  failing  to  get 
either,  they  must  "  shut  up  shop,"  the  same  as  the 
woolen-mills  are  doing. 

The  local  money  market  is  easy,  with  a  lessened 
call  for  funds.  Remittances  from  the  interior  are 
coming  in  quite  freely,  chiefly  from  up  North.  The 
easy  money  market  is  being  favorably  felt  in  the 
realty  market,  and  a  speculative  movement  in  local 
securities  and  a  deal  pending  in  some  of  the  rainin;; 
stocks. 

A  summary  of  the  dividends  for  February  com- 
pares as  follows: 

18S9. 
Gas  and  Water  cr>mpanie3  . 

Insurance  companies 

Powder  compinies 

Street  railroad  companies. . 

Sugar  companies 

Central  Pacific  Railroad  ... 

Mining:  companiea 

Miscellaneous  companieB. . . 


.  ...8147,100 
6,000 
. . . .  27  OOO 
. , . .  25,000 
40,000 

....  eso.ooo 

....   3i4,250 

ai.yso 


isyo. 

839,500 
4,500 
42,800 
7,500 
60  000 
CSO.OOO 
141,500 
40,250 


hands  be  employed,  then  prices  will  not  go  off,  but 
if  not  settled,  then  it  is  quite  certain  there  will  be 
more  or  less  realizing  sales.  European  and  Eastern 
advices  report  the  market  firmer  at  the  recent  shad- 
ing in  prices.  ■*" 

COAL — Imports  the  past  week  aggregate  as  fol- 
lows: Departure  Biy,  3156  tons;  Coos  Bay,  1150; 
Nanaimo,  2456;  Egg,  52;  Newcastle,  2697;  total, 
9511  tons.  The  market  for  Australian  spot,  to  ar- 
rive and  for  shipment,  is  very  strong.  There  are 
only  four  cargoes  on  the  way,  and  very  few  ves- 
sels to  load  for  this  port.  As  the  wheat  crop  is 
shorter  than  before  estimated,  it  is  thought  that 
freights  (or  summer  loading  will  be  lower.  Caigoes, 
sellers'  option  for  shipment  the  year,  can  be  bought 
fully  $r  below  our  quotations  but  for  prompt  ship- 
ment no  concessions  are  obtained.  Coast  coals 
are  more  strongly  held,  with  an  advance  talked  of, 
chiefly  for  Wellington.  The  consumption  of  steam 
is  increasing. 

Eastern  Metal  Markets. 

By  Telegraph. 
New  York,  March  6,  1890.— The  following  are 
the  closing  prices  the  past  week: 
Silver  in    Silver  in 


MINING    SHAREHOLDERS'    DIRECTORY. 

Compiled  bvery  TnuasDAY  from  Advertisements  in  tub  Mining^akd  Scibntifio  Press  and  otuhe  S.  F.  Journals 

ASSESSMENTS. 


COMPiNT. 


Location.  No.  Am't.  Lbvi^d. 


Adelaide  Copper  M  Co Nevada . , 

Baltimore  M  Co Nevada.,  6,. 

Bechtel  Cons  M  Co Califoruia,.!!., 

Butte  King  M  Co California..  1., 

Camp  Creek  M  &  M  Co Calif otnia..  1,. 

Con  St  Gothatd  M  Co California. .  1. . 

Crocker  M  Co AhV.oua.,  8.. 

East  Best  &  Belcher  M  Co.... Nevada 1.. 

Eureka  Cons  Drift  M  Co California..!.. 

Granc  irTize  M  Co. Nevada. .24,. 

Gray  JEaijle  M  Co California.. 16.. 

Happy  Valley  El.  Graval  Co.  .California. .  .6, . 

Martin  White  M  Co Nevada., 23. 

Occidental  Coua  M  Co Mevada.. 

Russell  R&  M  Co California., 

Silvtr  King  M  Co .A.ri?,oua.. 

Standard  Cons.  M  Co California. . 

True  Uous  M  Co CaUtornia.. 


.Dec   31 
20..  Jan   17., 

10,  .Feb   10.. 

30. .Feb  13.. 
2.. Dec  30.. 
5. .Jan    14,. 

10.. Jan    20.. 

25..  Feb  11 


Delinq't. 
.  Feb  17... 
..Feb  21... 
..Mar  17.. 

.Mar  20.. 
.  .Feb  12. . . 
..Feb  17... 
..Mar    5... 

,Mar  14.. 


..§1,300,600 


§1,066,050 


Totals 

MEXICAN  DOLLARS— The  market  has  ruled 
dull  but  fairly  steady  throughout  the  week  at  75"^® 
76  cents. 

SILVER— The  markets  abroad  and  at  the  East 
advanced  steadily  up  to  Tuesday,  when  a  shading 
off  set  in.  The  market,  as  has  heretofore  been 
stated  would  be  the  case,  is  being  manipulated,  by 
which  silver  buUion  is  made  an  attractive  gamble. 
This  promises  to  be  the  case  while  the  question  is 
under  debate  in  Congress.  It  now  looks  as  if  the 
^ouse  of  Representatives  will  act  favorably,  with 
some  amendments  on  the  Windom  bill,  but  what 
course  the  Senate  will  pursue  remains  to  be  seen, 
but  it  will  probably  contorm  to  the  House  bill;  at 
any  rate,  it  is  conceded  that  neither  branch  of  Con 
grtss  will  antagonize  the  other  to  such  an  extent 
as  to  defeat  more  favorable  legislation  than  now  en- 
joyed. It  is  now  officially  confirmed  what  this 
paper  has  stated,  that  China  is  preparing  to  issue  a 
silver  currency  of  its  own.  This  ought  to  hold 
the  market  value  of  the  metal. 

Silver  has  held  to  Mint  prices,  95^4  cents,  the 
past  week,  with  very  iittle  offering  for  sale.  Ex- 
porters are  still  said  to  be  out  of  the  market. 
Money,  a  leading  English  financial  paper,  just  to 
hand,  referring  to  the  Chinese  Govei"nment  scheme 
to  mint  silver,  says  that  "should  it  pass  mto  law, 
an  enormous  demand  for  silver  would  spring  up, 
which  would  gladden  the  hearts  of  those  mter- 
ested  in  the  depreciated  rupee." 

QUICK-.SILVER-The  market  h^s  ruled  strong 
throughout  the  week.  The  demand  for  both  export 
and  domestic  consumption  is  increasing.  Receipts 
for  the  past  week  aggregate  539  flasks,  and  exports 
by  sea  320  flasks  to  New  York. 

BORAX— Receipts  the  past  week  aggregate 
209  centals.  The  market  is  strong  in  sympathy 
with  the  East,  where  active  and  strong  markets  are 
reported. 

LIME — Receipts  the  past  week  aggregate  3618 
bbls.,  and  exports  by  sea  225  bbls.  to  Honolulu. 
The  market  is  steady,  witb  aa  increasing  call  re- 
ported. 

CHROME  ORE— There  was  shipped  the  past 
week  419,000  lbs.  to  New  York.  The  market  is  re- 
ported unchanged. 

COKE— Imports  the  past  week  aggregate  1559 
tons.  The  market  is  reported  fairly  steady  by 
some,  while  others  say  the  tone  appears  to  be 
weaker. 

LEAD— The  market  exhibits  a  stronger  tone,  in 
sympathy  with  an  improved  demand  and  better 
prices  at  the  East.  Receipts  with  us  continue 
light.  The  past  week  there  was  shipped  by  sea 
to  New  York  475  kegs  of  white  lead. 

COPPER — the  market  continues  strong.  The 
consumption  on  this  coast  is  steadily  increasing, 
A  late  London  cable  reports  as  follows ;  For 
copper  there  has  been  more  demand,  and  pur- 
chases by  consumers  show  some  increase.  A  par- 
cel of  400  tons  merchant  bars  changed  hands  as 
£4.6  I2S.  6d.,  and  several  smaller  parcels  at  ^46 
lus.  @  £47-  Speculative  demand  has  improved, 
and  appears  to  be  encouraged  by  the  easier  rates 
for  money.  The  demand  from  consumers  is  im- 
proving, and  prospects  are  considered  favorable 
lor  a  good  sprmg  trade.  It  is  understood  that  the 
principal  French  holders  have  decided  not  to  rea- 
lize at  less  than  ._^5o,  it  being  considered  very 
likely  that  prices  will  recover,  in  view  of  the  fact 
that  North  American  supplies  are  small  and  that 
a  good  part  of  the  French  holdings  will  be  wanted, 
for  consumption  by  present  owners. 

TIN— Imports  the  past  week  aggregate  56,380 
boxes  plate,  and  exports  by  sea  4981  lbs  to  Victoria 
and  60,000  lb>  to  Santa  Rosalie.  The  market  for 
both  plate  and  pig  is  quiet  and  in  buyers'  favor. 
This  condition  will  obtain  until  there  is  a  better  con- 
centration, which  promises  to  be  soon.  The  follow- 
ing is  a  late  London  cable  to  the  /ran  Age:  "  In 
tin  plate  business  has  been  small,  and  Liverpool 
'buyers  are  gradually  tapering  prices.  The  half- 
yearly  meeting  ol  the  Plate- Workers  Union  was  held 
Saturday,  and  103  delegates,  representing  72  works, 
were  present.  It  was  decided  to  cease  work  alto- 
gether durmg  the  second  week  in  March,  and  every 
effort  will  be  made  to  adhere  to  36  boxes  output  in 
8  hours  until  the  stock  at  shipping  ports  shall  have 
been  reduced  to  250,000  boxes.  During  the 
week  previous  to  the  meeting,  makers  closed  70 
mills,  including  those  of  the  Baldwin,  Williams, 
C:;onway  Bros.,  L^wis,  Thomas,  Germant.  Fairiwood, 
Treforrest,  Barry  and  Oldcastle  Companies." 

IRON— Imports  the  past  week  were  quite  heavy, 
baing  as  follows:  From  Newcastle,  500  tons;  Cum- 
berland, 450;  Liverpool,  36;  and  New  York,  90; 
total,  1077  ions.  The  market  appears  to  be  unset- 
tled, with  probably  an  easier  tone,  owing  to  the 
iabor  strike.  If  this  is  amicably  settled,  or  non-union 


London. 

rhursday 44 

Friday 44 

Saturday 44^ 

Monday 44i; 

Tuesday 44^ 

WedneBdav..44J 

:^ew  York.  Copper. 
96*          S14  56 
9.5i             14  65 
96i            14  f)5 
96|             14  65 
96               14  66 
96J             14  65 

Lead.        Tin. 

S3  87i     S20  80 
3  S7i        20  80 
S  87i        20  95 
3  87i        20  90 
3  879       20  75 
3  92i       20  65 

New  Yokk,  March  6.— Lead  is  firm  and   higher, 
with  a  good  demand  ruling.     Tin  has  fluctuated  the 

closing  week.  Quicksilver  is  higher  and  strong. 
Borax,  supply  light,  market  strong.  Copper  is 
firm,  with  moderate  demand;  i4M@i4%c;  Spot 
Lake,  I2^@i3c.  Casting  bran  ds — Liberal  sales 
reported.     West,  i4J^c,  intended  for  this  point. 


7iC« 
63® 

~ 

23  @ 
23  @ 
17  (» 
15  @ 
23  (K 

25 
25 
IS 
16 
25 

San  Francisco  Metal  Market. 

WHOLESALE. 

THUB3DAT,  March  6, 1890. 

Antimony— 25  t*     - 

Borax— Refined,  in  carload  lota 7i@      - 

Powdered  "         "        "    

CoDceatrated       "  "        "     , 

All  grades  jobbing  at  an  advance. 

Copper- 

Bolt , 

Sheathing , 

Ingot,  jobbing , 

do,  wholesale .^ _„  ^ 

Fire  Box  Sheets 23  (cO 

Lead- Pig 4J@ 

Bar Btfti     — 

Sheet 7  @     _ 

Pipe 6@      — 

Shot,  discount  10%  on  500  baga     Drop,  1^  bag.  1  45  (^      — 

Buck,  ^  bag 1  65  @     — 

Chilled,  do 1  85  @     — 

Ttnplate— B.  v..  steel  grade,  14x20,  to  arrive,  4  80  fOi  4  85 

E.  v.,  steel  grade,  ]4s2U,  Bpot 4  70  @  4  75 

Oharcoal,  14x20 6  75  W  7  00 

do  roofing,  14x20 6  00  (3      — 

do.  do,  20s28 12  00  @      — 

Pig  tin,  spot,  ^  lb 22  @      — 

COKE-Eng.,  ton,  spot,  m  blk 13  50  ((*15  00 

Do,  do,  to  load 14  50  @15  50 

QuiOKaiLVfiE.— By  the  tiask .50  00  (»     — 

Flasks,  new @      — 

FlasVs.  old    35  (S 

CHRoaiE  Iron  Ore,  ^  ton 10  JO(a 

Ikon  -Bar,  base 3  @       3i 

Norway,  base 43(g       5t 

Sti4  EL— English,  lb 16  ^     20 

Canton  tool , 9@       9 

Black  Diamond  tool 9  W       9 

Pick  and  Hammer 8  %     10 

Machinery 

Toe  Calk ;, 

Spot. 

Iron— Glengarnock  ton 35  00  @ 

Eglinton,  ton 35  00  @ 

American  Soft,  No.  1,  ton.. @35  00 

Oregon  Pig,  ton @35  00 

Paget  Sound 35  00  @ 

Ul.ty  Lane  White —  -  {o2    00 

Shotts,  No.  1 35  00  6^35  00 

Bar  Iron  {base  price)  ^  lb...      —  @      — 

Langloan  35  00  @ 

Thovnclitfe 35  00  @ 

Gartsherrie 35  00  @ 

Barrow 35  00  @ 

Thomas 35  00  @ 


Sale.     Skoretart.  Place  of  BueiNBSs. 

-Mar  17.. WH  Graves 426  Sausome  St 

..Mar  12.. A  K  Grim 402  Montgomery  St 

.Apr  13. .C  C  Harvey 303  Cabfomia  St 

.Aprl2..WCLBWis ....723  Market  St 

.MarlO..ASFoleer 213  Fremont  St 

.MarlO..T  Wet-zel 522  Mi  ntgomery  St 

.  Mar  23.  .N  T  MesEer 309  Montgomery  St 

-^  r.    «. . Mar  31.. OH  Mason 331  Montgomery  St 

.  .Feb    24  . . .  Apr    5. . . .  Apr  21 . .  W  H  Rabe 224  Montgomery  St 

30. .Jan    2?. ...Mar   5.. .  .Mar  2Fi..E.  R  Grajsou 327  Pine  St 

i-i^i!  B--  ■  -J^^  25.. .  .Mar  17.  .J  MEuffiugton 303  CaUfornia  St 

5. .Feb  12...  Mar  24.. ..Apr  14. .D  M  Kent 330  Pine  St 

25  .Feb  -IS  . . .Mar  31  . .  .Apr  30.  .A  B  Cooper 325  Montgomery  St 

5..      25..  Jan   20.... Feb  25....Mar  24..A  K  Dunbar 309  Montgomery  St 

5  ..Jan    13., ..Feb  l?....Mar  12.,J  Morizio 321  Montgomery  St 

30. .Jan   15....Feb  26....Mar27..A  Waterman 309  MontLomery  St 

25.. Mar     4....Aprl4....Mayl9..JWPew 310  Pine  St 

25..  Jan    18.... Feb  15.. .  .Mar  10..  J  C  Bates 434  California  St 

MEETINGS  TO  BE  HELD. 
Name  of  Companv  t,ooation.    Secretary  Ofptoe  ts  8   V  Meeting  Date 

Alabama  Bailey  and  Himibo'dtM  Go's W  A  Wilson 302  Montgomery  St Annual  Mar  10 

EulJion-Beck  and  (5al  M  Co Nevada.  .A  Badlam 322  Montgomery  St Annual.        Mar  19 

California  Iro  ■  &  Steel  Co Calif  oruia..  F  Bonacina 438  California  St  Annual    Apr  21 

Evening  Star  M  Co J  J  ScovtHe 3.9  Montgomery  St 'Annual" Mar  17 

Hale&  NorcrosB  M  Co Nevada.. A  B  Thompson 309  Montgomery  St Aunual       Mar  16 

Potosi  M  Co Nevada.. C  E  Elliott 309  Montgomery  St Annual Mar  12 

Virginia  Cons  M  Co B  Cheuot 147  Fifth  St Anmial.'.'.!!*.;!!".!Mar  11 

LATEST  DIVIDENDS— WITHIN  THREE  MONTHS. 
Name  op  Company.  Location.     Seoebtabt.  Ofpjoe  in  S.  F  Amount  Pavabip 

Champion  M  Co ,,,..T  Wetzel 522  Montgomery  St 10      '  Jan  20 

Caledonia  MC Nevada.  .A  S  Cheminant..., 328  Montgomery  St 08.". Auk5 

Con  California  &  Va  M  Ho Nevada.  .A  W  Havens 309  Montgomery  St  .  25 Feb  10 

Derbec  Blue  Gravel  M  Co California.. T  Wetzel 522  Montpomery  St .".         10 *  Dec  23 

Idaho  M  Co Cahfornia Grass  Valley 2  50    Mar  7 

MtDiabioMCo  Nevada.. R  Heath 319  Pine  St. 30      Oct21 

Pacific  Boras  Salt  &  Soda  Co.  ..California,  .A  H  Clough 230  Montgomery  St 1  00,! !!!!.". '.'.'. "..Feb  10 


Sales  at  San  Francisco  Stock  Exchange. 


Thursday.  Mar.  6,  9:30  A.  m. 

50  Alta 1.20 

100  Anaes 55c 

300  Belcher I.61 

lUO  Be.^t  Jt  B 2.6C 

300  Eulliou 50c 

100  Chollar 2.20 

200  Commonwealth 3.5.^ 

600  Con.  Imperial 35c 

300  Crown  Point 1.65 

50  Con  VaiCal 4.40 

IlO  Grand  Prize 65c 


130-Hale&Nor 2.40 

300  Justice, 1 .40 

300  Mexican 3.25 

100  Nev.  Queeu 80c 

300  N.  Belle  is 1.25 

600  N.  Commonwealth.  .1,45 
300  Occident 1.00 

30  Overman, 95c 

220  Ophir  3.80 

25  Potosi. ._. 1.50 

175  Sierra  Nevada 2.10 

100  UtaO 60c 

450  Union 2.20 


Table  of  Lowest  and  Highest  Sales  in 
S.  F.  Stock  Exchange. 


Name  op 
Company. 


4ifa  - 
To  Load. 
34  @  — 

32i((^  — 


27'^  - 
32  J  @  — 
-    @  - 


34  @  - 


Coal. 


Per  Ton. 


TO   LOAD. 

Per  Ton./ 
Australian  ...     7  50  @  7  75|Lehigh  Lump..  16  50@17  00 

Liverpool  St'm    8  50  @ Cumberland  bk  16 

Scotch  Splint.     9  00  @  9  00  Egg,  hard 16 

Cardiff 9  50@10  00| 

SPOT    FROM  YARD. 


Wellington §  9 

Greta     S  00 

Westminster  Brymbo .     9  00 

Nanaimo 9  00 

Sydney 8  00 

Qilman 7  00 


Seattle 7  00 

C009  Bay 6  00 

Cannel 12  00 

Egg,  hard 18  00 

Cumberland,  In  Backs  15  00 
do.  bulk 14  00 


New  Incorporations. 

The  following  companies  have  been  incorporated, 
and  papers  filed  in  the  office  of  the  Superior  Court, 
department  10,  San  Francisco  : 

Mohawk  Canal  and  Improvement  Co., March 
4»h.  Object,  to  take  possession  of  and  operate  the 
Mohawk  canal,  situated  in  the  Mohawk  valley, 
A.  T.  Capital  stock,  $r, 000,000.  Directors — R,  H. 
McDonald,  Frank  V.  McDonald,  D.  S.  Dorn,  R.  J. 
D-ivis  and  Dr.  John  C.  Spencer. 

Ocean  Power  Co..  March  5th.  Object,  to  util- 
ize wave  and  surf  power.  Capital  stock  $12,500,000. 
F.  H.  Hausman,  W.  H.  Masterman,  B,  S,  Taylor, 
H.  Wangenheiin  and  H.  E.  Thomas  are  the  Di- 
rectors. 

State  Dime  Savings  Bank  of  S.  F.,  March 
5th.  Capital  stock,  $200,000,  Directors — O.  E. 
Moore,  A.  A.  Hoyt,  E.  W.  Bushnell,  M.  S.  Moore, 
W.  B.  Benchley. 

California  Manufacturing  Co..  March  sth. 
Capital  stock,  $250,000.  Directors  —  Norman  B. 
Colt,  Thomas  A.  C.  Dorland,  John  T.  Carothers, 
Emil  Ramel  and  D.  L.  Bishop. 

Oakland  Investment  Co.  Object,  to  deal  in 
real  estAte.  Capital  stock,  $150,000.  Directors — 
W.  ].  Dins:ee,  W.  G,  Henshaw,  Henry  R.  Miller, 
C.  Finkham  and  D,  D.  Harris. 


Bullion  Shipments. 

We  quote  shipments  since   our  last,  and  shall  be 
pleased  to  receive  further  reports: 

Mount    Diablo,_  March     5,    $6515;     Justice,    5, 


Mining  Share  Market. 

The  mining  share  market  the  past  week  for  the 
Comstocks  was  quieter  at  gradually  settling  prices, 
with  on  Wednesday  a  setback  of  from  five  to  ten 
per  cent.  The  decline  was  very  generally  looked 
for,  yet  it  was  not  as  heavy  as  the  points  were 
out  for.  Those  who  had  watched  the  upward 
movement  in  the  North  End  stocks  were  prepared 
for  a  decline,  as  the  advance  was  made  chiefly  on 
shorts  and  also  for  the  purpose  of  buying  stocks, 
both  of  which  were  successful.  To  keep  the  pub- 
lic Irom  buying  and  at  the  same  time  induce  those 
who  have  stocks  to  sell  out,  assessments  are  being 
levied.  Those  of  the  outside  who  carry  stocks 
might  as  well  make  up  their  minds  to  let  go,  for 
the  pool  wants  a  part,  if  not  all  they  hold,  and 
the  sooner  the  pool  gets  them,  the  better  it  will  be 
for  all  in  interest.  If  stocks  cannot  be  secured 
through  manipulation  worked  by  points,  then  prob- 
ably the  old  deadwork  racket,  with  plenty  of  as- 
sessments, will  be  put  in  force,  which  soon  fetches 
what  is  required.  Outside  of  this,  the  situation  at 
the  mines  is  far  more  encouraging  than  for  years 
past,  and  if  desired  by  the  pool,  there  can  be  no 
doubt  but  one  or  more  rich  ore  bodies  can  be  shown 
up.  The  Tuscarora  stocks  are  very  active;  they 
show  an  unusual  degree  of  vitality,  and  by  their 
fluctuations  offer  special  inducements  to  speculators, 
yet  the  moneyed  public  are  afraid  of  them,  owing  to 
the  ore  veins  being  quite  narrow,  and  not  extending 
down  in  sufficient  width  to  any  great  depth  to 
justify  working  below  certain  levels.  Another  thing 
against  them  is  the  discount  on  silver.  Upon  the 
bullion,  a  little  over  $199,000,  sold  in  last  month 
by  the  Commonwealtn  Mining  Co.,  was  over  $51,- 
000.  This  gives  an  idea  of  one  of  the  serious  dis- 
advantages under  which  the  Tuscarora  pool  labor  in 
their  attempt  to  market  their  stocks.  The  Quijotoas 
and  the  Bodies  remained  at  blackboard  prices. 

In  reply  to  a  patron,  we  will  state  that  the  in- 
crease in  Bodie  surplus  cash  is  due  to  the  remit- 
tance by  the  company's  New  York  agent  of  money 
collected  on  the  last  asse'^sment.  The  amount  re- 
ceived indicates  that  about  30,000  shares  are  held 
in  New  York  City. 

The  superintendent  of  the  Andes  Mining  Co.  re- 
ports two  miners  at  work.  These  two  forlorn  men 
must  have  a  hard  time  in  allowing  a  sufficient  excuse 
lor  the  following  officers' salaries  to  be  paid  regularly; 
President,  secretary,  superintendent,  foreman,  en- 
gineer, carman  and  watchman;  no  wonder  the  as- 
sessments roll  around  as  regular  as  clock  work. 

Official  advices  from  the  Bodie  mine  report  that 
the  water  is  on  the  goo-foot  level,  which  level  in 
consequence  is  abandoned.  If  the  water  continues 
to  rise,  the  mines  will  be  forced  to  work  on  the 
surface. 

From  the  mines  we  are  unable  to  get  any  very  re- 
liable private  news.  The  center  of  attraction  now 
appears  to  be  the  Waid  shaft  and  adjoining  mines, 
Seg.  Brlcher.  On  the  550-foot  level  m  Ward  shaft 
they  are  reported  to  be  drifting  to  make  connection 
with  Potosi  with  every  prospect  as  the  work  pro- 
gresses, of  running  into  a  body  of  rich  ore.  In 
Potosi  an  upraise  from  the  930  level  has  for  two 
weeks  past  been  in  ore  assaying  over  $25  a  ton.  In 
Balcher  and  Seg.  Belcher  the  work  is  of  a  very  im- 
portant character.  Both  Potosi  and  Belcher  will  be 
assessed  probably  to  counteract  any  improvement 
that  may  be  reported  in  the  mines.  More  active 
prospecting  work  is  underway  in  Hale  &  Norcross. 
In  Union  to  the  East  they  ran  into  rich  ore;  proba- 
bly this  brought  out  the  assessment  All  mills  on 
Carson  river  are  running  full  time.  This  month's 
bullion  output  of  Savage,  Hale  &  Norcross,  Crown 
Point,  Overman  and  Chollar,  will  be  larger  than  for 
years.  The  managers  of  Overman  are  officially  re- 
porting the  car  samples  assays  of  ore.  This  is  as  it 
should  be.  Other  companies  might,  with  credit  to 
themselves,  do  likewise.  From  the  Quijotoa  mines 
there  is  nothing  new  to  report.  From  the  Bodies, 
our  private  advices  are  very  encouraging  regarding 
the  work  going  on  in  Bodie  on  the  700  and  800- 
foot  levels.  It  now  begins  to  look  as  if  something 
of  value  is  liable  to  be  run  into.     From  the  Tusca- 


Alpha 

Alta 

Andes 

Belcher 

Beat  &  Belcher.. 

Bullion 

Bodie  Con 

Bulwer 

CommoQwealth  , 
Con.  Va.  &Cal,. 

Challenge 

Chollar 

Confidence 

Con.  Imperial... 

Caledonia , 

Grown  Point.., ., 

Crocker 

Del  IVlonte 

KureitaCon 

Exchequer 

Grand  Prize 

Gould  &  Curry... 
Hale  &  Nororoaa... 

Julia...., 

Justice , 

Kentuck 

Lady  Wash , 

Mono 

Mexican 

Navajo 

North  BeUe  Isle., 

Nev.  Queen 

Occidental 

Ophir 

Overman 

Potoai 

Peerless 

PetT, 


Week 
Rnwing 
Feb.  13. 


,95    1.00 
1.25 
4i 

1.70    1  SO 
2.70 

.60 

...       .50 


3. ■10    3.55 

4.65     ■  " 


Week 
Rndino 
Feb.  20 


1  00 
1.10    1.25 

.SO 

l.SO    1.S5 

ii.70    3.20 

55       .Gf> 


S.B.  &M 

Sierra  Nevada. 

Silver  Hill 

Scorpion 

Union  Con.... 

Utali „ 

reUowJaobefc Il.95    2.O5I1  95 


.25 

.20 
1  55 


36      .40 

1.40  1.50 

2.75  3.00 

.30  .. 

1.25  1  ; 

.70  .. 

.25  .. 

.35  .. 

2  65  2.1 

.30  .. 

.70      ,1 

.fiS  .. 

.60       .65 

.60  3.80 

1-00  1.10 


2.80 
50 

30 
1.40 
2.75 


.20 


20 

1.55  1.70 

1.45  1.1 

1.90  2.00 


.45 

3^55  4.00 

4.70  4.9U 

1.40  1.50 

2.40  2.60 

"36 

i!55  1.65 


Wbek 
Endino 
Feb.  27. 


.90    1.10 
1.25    1 

1.95 

2,S5    3  35 
.55 
.15 


25  .30 

3.05  3!76 
,■^5 

90  1.10 

75 

60  .65 

3.60  4.60 
1. 00 

1.60  1-75 

20  .25 


25 
3  75 

4.60  5.1JU 

1.50  1.75 

2.45  2 

3.50  4.00 

30  .40 
20 

1.75  1 

30  .35 

1.40  1.55 

:.25  4.1 

.55  .. 

.35  .40 

1.45  1.75 
2.80 

25  .  .30 

1.40  1.60 

,70  .8(1 

30 


.20 


1.55  1.75 
1  35  1.5:1 
1,90    2.45 


Week 
Ending 
Mar.  6. 


.30 


.40 


2.25    2.i 


.25 
2.25    2. 

.70 

2.2J 


.35  3.90 

.30  .... 

1.00  I.IC 

.80       .85 

.95  3.15 

,10 

1,05  1.25 

1.F5  1.75 

.25  .. 

.20  .. 

1  CO  I. 

1.55  1. 

2.20  2. 

.35  .. 

...       .2R 

2.45  3.05 

65 

15  2.45 


I. CO    1.05 
1.20    1.25 

i!76   i'M 

2.70  2.90 

.55  .60 

.50  .... 

.20  .... 

3.50  4  10 

4.40  4.6n 

1.55 

2.15  2.eo 

3.70  3.75 

35  .40 

'20  .25 

1  65  1.80 

.35  ... 

l.:!5  1.75 

3  80  4.00 

.50  ,.^5 

.70  .90 

1.35  1.45 

2.40  2.70 

25  .... 

1.40  1.50 

,75  .. 

,25  .30 

35  ..,, 

3.25  3  50 

l!i5  i'.45 

.90  l.tO 

1.10  .... 

3.95  4.25 

1.05  .... 
1.55 

25 

21) 
1.55 

1.50  1.60 

2.21  2.30 

20  .... 


1.70 
';25 


2.25  2.35 
.60  .65 
1.95    2.15 


The  vleld  of  gold  miDpn  in  Kern  coanty  dur- 
ing 1889  is  eBtimatpd  at  .^75.000. 


$2863;  Hanauer,  Feb.  26,  S2700;  Ontario,  26,  $43,-    roras  our  news  is  of  the  very  best  and  accounts  for 
474;  Germania,^2e,  $5872;  Hanauer,  7,  $4650.         I  the  activity  in  the  stocks, 


:^-A-i\ri3  c:;o-m»XjX3xrc3r- 

Best  In  the  "World.    Most  Simple  In  Appli- 
cation    Most  Powerful— Cbeapest.    Ball 
and  Socket  Joint.     Right  and  Left 
Screw-    WorlEB   Freeiy.    Just 
the  thing  for  Large  1  anks 
la  a  Dry  Gliniate. 

lELLUUSSELLS  CO,,  Tat  Builders, 


IS.,  S.  F. 


,Wk       AMERICAN       ^ffi 
MACHINE  AND  MODEL  WORKS. 

«i£^£B    CUTTING,    ETC. 

]vi:.iah.o:Ex:x3Nr£s     q?ooxjjs. 

We  have  sold  Hie  moat  of  a  car-load  at  a  profit  sutficient 
to  warrant  the  sale  of  the  remainder  at  Eastern  coat 
prices.  The  balance  consists  ff  one  second-haod  4  foot 
iron  Planer,  one  Drill  fress,  large  and  email  Screw- 
Cuttiag  Lathes,  one  Blackemith'a  Bellowa,  Shattinp, 
Belting,  etc. 

I.  A.  HEALD, 

108  Main  Street.  San  Francisco. 


A  MIDDLE-AGED  MAN  BY  THE  NAME  OF  JOSEPH 
McLEARN,  Miner,  left  Nova  Scotia  17  years  atro  for 
California.  His  friends  would  be  thankful  to  any  person 
wlio  could  give  anj'  information  cODcerjiing:  hia  where- 
abouts. 


THOROUGHLY  COMPETENT  MILLMAN  AND 
Aegaycr  of  20  yearfl'  experience  ia  putting  op  and 
running  Gold  and  Silver  Mills  ard  Conoentratioa  Works 
deaitea  a  situation  in  Mill  or  to  take  charge  of  Mill  and 
Mine,    Best  Keference.    A.  H.,  Box  2617,  San  Francisco. 


Mar.  8,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


175 


Paul's  Dry  Amalgamating  Barrel  Process. 

T)m  0D(lerriii.'De']  is  prepared  fco  urvct,  or  fumUh  <Ir»ft8 
for  crt'Ctirik',  machlnerv,  :ilni  JuMtructloii)*  for  working; 
<.rc4  l>y  the  iiuw  patuDtcd  DKY  AUALGAMATINO 
H\RKKr>  FKtX'BSrt.  1  *»k!it  Iho  ability  t-*  overoonie 
KVKKY  dithculty  Lounoctvd  with  auiftiKRuiatinK  tho 
i<r<'ci'>ijH  mutal.-i,  mure  cHpudftllv  £fold,  aud  to  add  train 
J  ,  to  I'.u  \Hir  c«iit  to  the  FREE  CoLD  yield  of  any  mill 
iw.rkiii:;  WKT.  Bclou  thu  urii,'"!*!  luveutor  of  dry  aiiial- 
i,' iijiati..ri,  ItiiVtj  HjHjnt  over 'JO  years  perfectiDk'  the  bvb- 
I.M11,  11. ,w  ijrouKht  to  a  woDdertuIly  cllieieni,  (uexiwnsive 
and  |<r-ii  tiL-al  one.  llavintf  pat«Dts,  1  caution  all  paities 
^tL^Liiuit  iofriuifemiiDttt.  For  further  parti eulars,  addrciM 
ALMARIN  B.  PADL.. 
Uiddle  Creek  P.  O.,  ShutU  Couoty.  Caltforoia. 


The  Best  Mining  District 

On  tlio  PaclUc  C^ast  ! 

GRASS   VALLEY,  CAL. 

TIIK  BEST  NKWflPAPKK   puhlinhc-d    in   the  district  Is 

Tpm:  Ti3oi3\rc3rS, 

Daily  and  Weekly  e<lition.  Uivt-a  all  tho  Mliilun  Nuwa. 
Dcaluni  In  Mining  Machinery  and  Minin;.' SupnlluH  will 
And  THE  TIDINGS  the  beat  njediuiu  for  direetly  reach- 
Ine  the  owners  or  raanagors  of  mluCM.  InvL-ators  in 
muiea  will  Qod  it  to  their  advantai,'o  to  uubBcribe, 

Many  mioea  are  in  aucccH^ful  operation,  and  new 
enlerprisoB  v«  being  instituted  and  many  others  are  in 
contemplation. 

UAILV,  JC  OO  a  year;  WEEKLY,  32,50,  in  advaiici'. 
II.  S.  SPaULDING,  Publisher. 

T.  C.  HOCKING,  Editor. 


THE  ROLLER  ORE  FEEDER 

lPatuiiU:dUay2S,  li>9i.| 


Great  Variety  of  SHOT  GUNS,  EIFLES, 

etc.     Broceh-Loaders  from  $4  to  §100, 
SEND    STAMPS    FOR    PRICE    LISTS. 

GEO.  W.  SHREVE, 

626  Kearny  Street.         San  Pranclaco,  Oal. 


One  Obmen'B    12x12   Automatic   EnRlne; 
beat  style  in  UBfi.  Also,  1  Boiler  48  in. x  16  ft.  Both  nearly 
new.    Apply  to     j.  W.  QOICK.  yai  First  bt.. 
(Top  Floor)  San  Francisco,  Oal. 


TuES  Is  tho  beat  and  cheapest  Ore  Feeder  now  in  use. 

It  has  fewer  parts,  requires  less  power,  is  simpler  in 
adjustment  than  anyother.  Feeds  coarse  ore  or  soft  clay 
alike  uniformly,  under  one  or  all  the  stamps  in  a  batturn 
as  required. 

In  the  Bunker  Hill  Milt  it  has  run  continuously  for  two 
years,  never  having  been  out  of  order  or  costing  a  doUai 
for  repairs. 

Golden  State  and   Miners'  Iron  Works, 

Sole  Manufacturers, 
827  First  Street,  San  Francisco,  Oal. 


Shoidd  consult 
DEWEY&  CO. 

A  M  B  RIGA 


California  Inventors 

A_ND  Foreign  Patent  .SuLiuiroiiw,  for  obtaining  Patents 
and  Oaveata.  EBtablisbed  iu  1860,  Their  lougexperience  as 
Journaliats  and  large  practice  an  Patent  attorneya  enables 
tbem  to  offer  Pacific  Coast  laventors  far  better  service  'ban 
they  can  obtain  elsewhere.  Send  for  free  circulars  of  infor- 
mation. Office  of  the  MINING  AND  Soikntifio  Prkss  and 
PaoifioBurax,  Pbksb,  No.  220  Marke  8t..8an  FrandBro, 
TElATktor.  II  Trnnk  flt 


L.  C.  MARSHUTZ 


T .  0.  CANTRELL. 


NATIONAL  IRON   WORKS 

N.  W.  Corner  Main  and  Howard  Sts.,  San  Francisco, 

MANUFACTUREUS    OF 

Stationary  and  Compound  Engines,  Flour,  Sugar,  Saw 
and  Quartz  Mill  Machinery. 

AMALGAMATING  MACHINES.     CASTINGS  AND  FORCINGS  ^LZrZn 

ALL    WORK    TESTED    AND    GUARANTEED. 

IMPROVED    PORTABLE    HOISTING    ENGINES. 


NATIONAL  ROCKER  QUARTZ  MILL. 

KENDALL'S  PATENT,  AUGUST  24,  1886. 
CJ-A-X^-a-CITTT.    12     Tom.s     In     S4,     XXo-uzris.      3    H.    3E». 

MARSHUTZ  &  CANTRELL,  Sole  Manufacturers. 

The  Patentee  and  Manufacturers 
cordially  invite  miners  to  critically 
examine  and  pass  judgment  upon 
this  improved  system  of  milling 
and  amalgamating  ores  in  the  fol- 
lowing particulars: 

1  The  coBt  is  less  than  one-half  of 
stamps  of  same  capacity. 

2  The  freight  to  mine  is  less  than 
one-half  of  stamps. 

3  The  cost  of  erecting  ia  less  than 
one-fourth  of  stamps. 

4  The  power  to  drive  itis  less  than 
one-half  of  stamps. 

5  The  wear  is  less  than  one-quar- 
ter of  stamps. 

6  There  is  no  wear  except  on 
shoes  and  dies. 

7  In  point  of  amalgamation  it  Is 
superior  to  any  other  machine 
in  use. 

8  In  its  simplicity  of  construction. 

We  challenge  competition  with 
Stamps,  Ball  Pulverizers  qj  and 
other  ore  crushing  machines  now 
before  the  public. 

iS"Send  for  Circulars  and  Price  List.  MARSHUTZ    &    OANTRELL. 


ESTABLISHED    1866. 


Pacific  Chemical  Works. 

HENRY    G.    HANKS, 

Practical  and  Indnstrial  Chemist,  Assayer 
and  Geologist, 


718  MONTGOMERY  ST., 


SAN  FRANCISCO. 


I^WiU  report  on  the  condition  and  value  of  any  mining  property  on 
the  Pacific  Coast.  Kare  Chemicals  made  to  order.  luBtruotione  given  Id 
AflBaying  and  Praotioal  Chemistry, 


JOSHPA  HENDY  MACHINE  WORKS, 

Nos.  39  to  51  FREMONT  STREET,  SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 


"HENDY"  IMPROVED  '*  OHALLENGE "  ORE  FEEDER. 

The  best  form  of  Feeder  ever  devised,  and  pronounced  by  reputable  mining  men  to  be  fai 
superior  to  any  form  of  "Holler"  Feeder  manufactured.     We  refer  to  the  follow- 
ing gentlemen  who  have  furnished  ua  with  testimonial  letters  to  the 
above  effect,  which  can  be  seen  at  our  office,   viz.: 

D.  0.  WicivHAM,  Taylor  Mine,  Greenwood,  Cal. 


iS; .  W.  Ceocker,  Supt.  Bunker  HIU  Gold  Min- 
ing Co.,  Amador  City,  Cal. 
W.  G.  Roberts,  Greenwood,  El  Dorado  Co.,  Cal. 


J.  R.  Tregloan,  Supt.  South  Spring  Hill  Gold 
Mining  Co.,  Amador  City,  Cal. 


WE   ARE   MANDFACTURERS   OF  THE 


'CHALLENGE,"    STANFORD,"  '  TULLOCK,"  &  '  ROLLER"  FEEDERS, 

And  will  furnish  descriptive  Catalogues  and  quote  prices  upon  application. 


Lubricating  Compound  and  Gups. 


1868. 

Manafacture  commenced  a 
Albany,  New  York. 

1876. 
Introduced  by  ua  on  Pacific 


Coast. 


1889. 


Cheap  imltatione  having  had 
time  to  ahow  that  they  are  the 
moat  expensive  in  the  end,  the 

Sales  of  the  Genuine  Albany 
Compound  are  Larger  than 
ever  before. 


England,    Belgium, 
France, 

And  other  Foreign  Countries 
are  now  Large  Consumers. 


We  are  also  Sole  Agents  for 
the 

^°   Albany  Cylinder  Oils, 

Albany  Spindle  Oils,  Etc. 


FOR    SALE    ONLY    BY 


TATUM  &  BOWEN 


Sole  Agents  for  the  Pacific  Coast, 

Dealers     in     Improved    Woodworking     Machinery, 

SawmiU  Machinery,  Engines,  Boilers,  Ironworking  Machinery,  Supplies,  Etc. 

Sole  Agents  for  Hoe  Chisel-Tooth  Saw,  Gardner  Governor,  Schultz 
Leather  Belting,  Etc. 

34  AND  36  FREMONT  STREET,  SAN  FRANCISCO. 

85  FRONT  STREET,  PORTLAND,  OR. 


176 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Mar.  8,  1890 


A  NEW  AMERICAN  BOOK 


ii, 


KECENTI-Y     PUBLISHED. 


A  Pracfcicil  Manual  of  Minerals,  Mice9,  and  Mining: 
omprisintr  augiresuone  as  to  the  localities  and  associa- 
tions  of  ill  the  useful  Minerals,  full  description  of  the 
mjst  tffeiitiva  methds  for  both  the  qualitat've  and 
quantitative  analyses  of  each  of  these  minerals,  and 
hints  upun  the  vaioue  operati  tns  of  miniug,  includiug 
architecture  and  construction.  By  Prof,  B.  S.  Osborn. 
LL.D.,  author  of  "The  Metallurgy  of  Iron  and  Steel" 
Illustrat  d  by  171  engravings.  In  one  volnme,  Svo,  367 
pages  Pric<!  ^U.fiO,  by  mail,  free  of  postage,  to  any 
address  in  the  world. 

CONTENTS.  Part  I.  MINING.  Minkral'^gy,  ahd 
Economic  Treat.mrnt  and  History  of  thk  Usspuii  Min- 
erals. Mining,  Mineialogy,  P  climinary  Principles  and 
Preparations,  Economic  Treatm-^nt  and  Histoiy  of  the 
Ustful  M  nerals.  Gold,  Silver,  Copper,  Nickel,  Jron,  Tia, 
Zinc,  Lead.  Manganese,  Platinum,  Iiidium,  Me'cury, 
Antimony,  Bir-muf.h,  Chromium,  Cobalt,  Corun'  um  and 
Emery,  Pumice  Stone,  Infusorial  Earlh,  Grindstones, 
Buhrstonea,  the  Diamond. 

Part  II.  Mining  WoRii  and  ARcniTECTnRB,  including 
Various  SuaoBSTioKs,  with  Drscriptios  of  AtSOCiATED 
Apparatds  and  Machinkby.  Mining  Coni-trunion  and 
Machinery.  ^Tln's  part  comprises  90  pages,  iUustrated 
hy  165  engravings,  with.  detiiUi  too  full  to  be  comprised 
within  the  limits  of  this  advertisement.  \ 

Appbndlx.  Sinking  Artesian  Wells,  Oil  and  Gas  VVella. 
Index. 

An  iUustrated  circular, /t  pages,  Uto,  giving  .the  fall 
Table  of  Contents  of  this  vdume,  will  be  S07it  free  of 
postage  to  any  one  in  any  part  of  the  world  loko  will 
apply  by  letter. 

iM  The  abooe  or  any  of  our  Books  sent  by  mail,  free  of 
postage,  at  the  publication  price,  to  any  address  in  the. 
woi'ld, 

eF  Ortr  New  Revis''d  Descriptive  Catalogue  of  Prac- 
tical and  Scientijic  Books,  86  pages,  8vo,  and  our  oihsr 
catalogues  and  circulars,  the  whole  covering  all  of  the 
branches  of  Science  apylied  to  the  Arts,  sent  free,  and 
free  of  postage,  to  any  one  in  any  part  of  the  World 
loho  will  furnish  his  address. 

HENRY  CAREY  BAIRD  &  CO., 

lNDDSTRIALpLJI5i.I3HERS,  BoOKHELLKItS  AND  iMrURTERS, 

tflu  walnut  Kit.,  i*liiladelpliia,  l:'a.,U.  8.  a. 


FOR  SALE  CHEAP. 


One  new  double  circular  Sawmill  to  carrj'  60-inch  bot- 
tom saw,  with  wrought-iron  hangers  (or  top  saw.  Fric- 
tion feed-works,  patent  steel  screw  double-throw  head- 
blocks,  with  track  iron,  saw  carriage  and  frame  complete. 

BISDON  IRON  &  LOCOMOTIVE  WORKS, 

San  Francisco,  Oal. 


FRANCIS  SMITH  &  CO. 

Manufacturers  of 

Sheetlron  and  Steel 


ALL    SIZES. 

130  Beale  Street,         San  Francisco,  Cal 


Iron  cut,  punched  and  formed,  for  making  pipe  on 
ground-  All  kinds  of  Tools  supplied  for  making  Pipe. 
Estimates  given.  Are  prepared  (or  coating  all  sizes  of 
Pipe  with  a  composition  of  Coal  Tar  and  Asphaltum. 


Ql,  AY  To  If 


IMPROVED 


«*i«S 


AIR  COMPRESSORS 

Fob  catalogues,  ESTIMATES,  ETC.,  AoonESS,  . 

Clayton  Air  Compressor  Works ' 

OF     BROOKLYN.     N      Y. 

43  PEY  ST.,  NEW  YORK. 


The  Celebrated  H.  H.  H  Liniment. 


The  H.  H.  H.  Liniment  ts  for  the  treatment  of 
the  Aches  and  Paine  of  Humanity,  as  well  as  for  the  ail- 
ments of  the  beasts  of  the  Qolds.  Testimonials  from 
Importers  and  breeders  of  blooded  stock  prove  Its  won- 
derful curative  properties.  No  man  has  ever  used  It  for 
an  aohe  or  pain  and  been  dissatisfied. 

H.  H.  MOORE  &  SONS,  Stockton,  Cal.,  Proprietors. 
For  Salb  by  all  DRuaaisTS. 


PACIFIC    ROLLING   MILL   CO., 


. .UANTJFAcrrtrKERa  of.. 


Cast  Steel  Castiis  -?  Steel  Foriiis 


UP  TO   20,000   LBS.   WEIGHT. 

True  to  pattern  and  superior  In  strength,  tougtmeas  and  durability  to  Oast  or  Wrought 
Iron  In  any  position  or  for  any  service. 

GEARINGS,  SHOES,  DIES,  CAMS,  TAPPETS,  PISTON-HEADS,  RAILROAD  and  MA- 
CHINERY CASTINGS  of  Every  Description. 


HOMOGENEOUS  STEEL, 


SOFT  and  DUCTILE, 


SUPERIOR  TO  IRON  FOR 


LOCOMOTIVE  AND  MARINE  FORGINGS. 

ALSO  Steel  Rods,  from^  to  S  inch  diameter  and  Flats trom  1  to  8  Inch.  Angles,  Tees,  Channels  and  otherabape 
Steel  Wagon,  Buggrj',  and  Truck  Tires,  Plow  Steel;  Machinery  and  Special  Shape  Steel  to  size  and  lengths 
ST££L  BAILS  from  12  to  45  pounds  per  yard.  ALSO,  Kallroad  and  Merchant  Iron,  Rolled 
Beams,  Angle,  Channel,  and  T  iron.  Bridge  and  Machine  Bolts,  Lag  Screws,  Nuts,  Washers,  Ship  and  Boat 
Spikes;  Steamboat  Shafts,  Cranks,  Pistons,  Connecting  Kods,  etc.  Car  and  Locomotive  Axles  and  Frames, 
and  Iron  Forgings  of  all  kinds,  Iron  and  Steel  Bridge  and  Roof  Work  a  Specialty. 

HIOHSST  FBICS:  PAID  FOB  SCRAP  IRON  AND  STK!£I<. 

t^  Orders  will  have  prompt  attention.    Send  for  Catalogues.    Address 

PACIFIC  ROLLma  MILL  CO..  202  Market  St.,  San  Francisco. 


FULTON     IRON    WORKS, 

HINCKLEY.  SPIERS    &    HAYES.  Proprietors. 


[ESTABLISHED     IN    1855.] 

^fCloe,   8X3    F3rexaa.oxi-t    St.* 


Sa>xx    X*xrA,xiolisooi. 


-MAKDFACTDBBBS    OP- 


TUSTIN'S    PULVERIZER. 


MARINE     ENGINES     AND     BOILERS.- 

Propeller  Engines,  either  High  Pressure  or  Compound, 
Stern  or  Side-wheel  Engines. 

MINING  MACHINERY.— Hoisting  Engines  and 
Works,  Cf^es,  Ore  Buckets,  Ore  Care,  Pumping  EInclnes 
and  Pumps,  Water  Buckets,  Pump  Columns,  Aii  Com- 
pressors, Air  Receivers,  Air  Pipes. 

MILL  MACHINERY.— Batteries  for  Dry  or  Wet 
Crushiog,  Amalgamating  Pans,  Settlers,  Furnaces,  Re- 
torts, Concentrators,  Ore  Feeders,  Rock  Breakers,  Fur- 
naces for  Reducing  Ores,  Water  Jackets,  etc 

MISCELLANEOUS  MACHINERY.— Flour 
Mill  Machinery,  Saw  Mill  Engines  and  Boilers,  Dredging 
Machinery,  Powder  Mill  Machinery,  Water  Wheels. 

Tustin's  Pulverizer 

WORKS  ORE  WET  OR  DRY. 


ENGINESsBOILERS 

OF    ALL    KINDS, 
Either  for  use  on  Steamboats  or  for  ase  on  Land- 
Water  Pipe,  Pomp  or  Air  Golnnms,  Fish 
Tanks  for  Salmon  Canneries 

OF   BVBRT   DRSORIFTION. 

Boiler  Repairs  Promptly  attended  to  and  at  very  moaerate  ratfla 

AQBNT8  FOR  THB  PACIFIC  COAST  FOR  THB 

X>ecm.^  St^a.zx3.  X^'u.zxx'^. 

SPECIALTIES  : 

Corliss  Engines  and  Tnatln  Ore  FnlTerlzers.  DBANB    8TBAM_PUMP. 

Agents  and  IVIanufacturera  of  ttie  Llewellyn  Feed  Water  Purlfler  and  Heater. 


THE  GIANT  POWDER  COMPANY 

Manufacture  Three  Kinds  of  Powder,  whicli  are  acknowledged  by  all  the  Great  Chemists  of  the  World  as 

The  Safest  and  Strongest  High  Explosives  in  the  Market. 

Of  Different  Strenerths  as  Required. 

NOBEI,'S    EXPIiOSIVE     GELATINE,"   which  contains    94   per  cent  of  Nltro-Glyoerlne,  and 

OSXATINE-DTN AMITE,  Stronger  than  Dynamite  and  even  Safer  in  Handling. 

JUDSON  POWDER  IMPROVED. 

FOR  BABLROADS  AND  LAND  CI-EARING.  Is  fromthree  to  four  times  stronger  than  ordinary  Blast- 
ing Powder,  and  is  used  by  all  the  RaDroads  and  Gravel  Claims,  as  it  breaks  more  ground,  pulverizes  better  ftnd 
saves  time  and  money.     It  is  as  drj'  as  the  ordinary  Blasting  Powder  and  runs  as  freely. 

BANDMANN,  NIELSEN  &  CO., 

CAPS  and  FUSE  for  Sale.  GENERAL  AGENTS.  RAN  FRANCISCO    OAL. 


QUARTZ  SCREENS 


A  specialty.  Round,  slob 
Or  burred  slot  holes.  Gen- 
uine Russia  Iron,  Homo- 
geneous Steel,  Cast  Steel  or 
American  planished  Iron. 
Zinc,  Copper  or  Brass  Screens  for  all  purposes,  Cali- 
fornia Perforatius:  Screen  Co.,  145  &  147  Beale  St.,  S.  F. 


COAL  MINES  OF  THE  WESTERN  COAST. 

A  few  copies  of  this  work,  the  only  one  ever  published' 
treating  of  Pacific  Coast  Coal  Mining,  have  been  ob- 
tained, and  are  for  sale  at  this  office  for  32.50  per  copy. 
It  was  written  by  W.  A.  Goodyear,  Mining  and  Civil 
Engineer,  formerly  of  the  California  State  Geological 
Survey. 


N.  W.  SPAULDING 

Manufacturers  of 
SPADLDINQ'S 

Inserted  Tootli 

AND 

CHISEL    BIT 

CIBCULAR 

Saws. 

SAW  MILLS   AND    MAOHINEEY 

Of  all  kinds  made  to  order.    Send  tor  Descriptive  Cata 
\ogne,    17  and  19  Fremant  St.,  San  Franolsoa.  I 


\m  apd  ^achijie  ltforl(3. 


UNION    IRON  WORKS, 

SACBAMENTO,  OAL. 

ROOT.    NEILSON     &    CO., 

MASOPACTURBRB  OP 

Steam     Engines,    Boilers, 

AHB  ALL  KINDS  OP 

MACHINERY  FOR  MINING  PURPOSES. 

Flouring  Hills,  Saw  Mills  and  Quartz  Mills  Machinery 
constructed,  fitted  up  and  repaired. 


Front  St.  bet.  N  &  O  Sta., 


Sacramento,  Oal, 


CALIFORNIA    MACHINE    WORKS, 

WM.  H.  BIRCH  &  CO., 

SXGINEEBS     AND     MACHINISTS, 


No.  119  Beale  St., 


San  Francisco. 


BDILDERB  OP 

Steam  Encines,  Saw  Mills,  Mining  Machinery,  Dredging 
Machines,  Rock  Crushers,  Cable  Railway  Blacbinery, 
Ellithorp  Air  Brake  Co, 'a  Patent  Steam  and  Hydraulic 
Elevators,  Air  Cushions  and  Air  Brakes.  POSITIVE 
SAFETIES.  Improved  Ram  Elevators,  Sidewalk  and 
Hand  Hoists.  B.  E.  Henrickson'a  Patent  Automatic 
Safety  Catches. 

Machines  of  all  kinds  Made  and  Repaired. 
Orders  Solicited. 


Golden  State  &  Miners  Iron  Works. 

Uacafftctore  Iron  Oostlners  and  Macbinery 
of  all  Kinds  at  Oreatly  Reduced  Bate& 

STEVENSON'S  PATENT 

Mold-Board  AMALGAMATORS. 
Golden  State  Pressure  Blowers. 

B^rec  St.,  between  Howeu'd  A  Folsom,  S.  F. 


raOUAS  THOMPSON 


tHORNTON  THOMPSON 


THOMPSON    BROTHERS. 

EUREKA    FOUNDRY, 

129  and  181  Beale  St.,  between  Mission  and  Howard,  S.F 

UANDFACTURBBS  OP  OABTINaS  OP  BVBRT  CBSORIPTION. 


Mining    Engineers. 


W.  A.  GOODYEAR, 

Oivil    and    Mining    Engineer, 

MINING  EXPERT  and  GEOLOGIST. 
Address  "  Business  Box  A,"  office  of  this  paper,  Sao 
fraocisco. 


ROSS   E.  BROWNE, 

Mining   and  Hydraulic  Engineer, 


No.  307  SA1480HB  St.,  San  Franoisoo. 


ISRAEL  W.  KNOX, 
Mining  and  Mechanical  Engineer 

AND   FaROnASINQ   AQBNT  POR 

Mines,  Mining  Machinery  &  Supplies. 

Mines  Examined,   Reports  and     Estimates    Furnished, 
Contracts  made,  etc 

Office,  237  First  St.,        San  Francisco,  Oal. 


THE  RUSSELL  PROCESS  COMP'Y. 

TALCOTT  H.  RUSSELL,  Secretary, 
NEW  HAVEN  CONN. 

p.  O.  Box  496. 


TUBBS  CORDAGE  CO. 

(A  Corporation.) 

Constantly  on  hand  a  full  assortment  of  Manila  Rope, 
Duplex  Rope,  Tarred  Manila  Rope, Hay  Rope,  Whale  Line, 
etc,  etc. 

Extra  sizes  and  lengths  made  to  order  on  short  notice. 

611  &  613  Front  St..  San  Francisco.  Cal. 

BUTTE,    MONTANA, 

The  railroad,  mining  and  commercial  center  of  the  new 
State,  offers  some  of  the  best  inducements  for  invest- 
ments in 

Real  Estate,  Mines  &  Mining  Stock 

of  any  localitv  in  the  Nortnwest.  For  particulars  address 
The  Bvane-Terry-Glausaen  Brokerage  Co., 
41  E.  BroadTway,  Butte.  Montana. 


VAN    DUZEN'S 

STEAMjetPUMP 

For  MILLS,  FACTORIES,  SHOPS,  ETC. 

For  Elev:itlii;;  niiil  <'4>nv<>yin{;  I.iiqui<lM. 
l-'or  £iUE»tyiiiL;  Pit.**.  Ninks,  CeMiii>oulH,  etc, 

aiitl  UM  a  Kli-o  PiiiiiiK 
10Si7«.>i.   »7toS"5.  Kvcr^' Pump  warranted. 

Write  for  JUescriptive  Pump  Circular,  v 

VAN    DUZEN  &.TIFT,  CINCINNATI.  O. 


Mak.  8,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


177 


MPROVED    BELT    FRUE   ORE  CONCENTRATOR. 

Protected  by  Patents  December  22,  1874;  September  2. 
1879;  April  27.  1880;  March  22,  18SI;  February  20, 1883; 
September  18,  1883;  Jaly  24,  1888.    Patents  applied  for. 


The  Beet  Ore  Concentrator  in  the  market,  having  doublt^ 
the  Capacity  and  doing  ita  work  as  close  as  the  plain  Bslt 
machine,  while  Its  concentrations  are  clean.  It  ia  used  in 
a  number  of  Mills,  the  most  notable  of  which  is  the 
Alaska  M.  i.^  M.  Co's  Mill,  where  24  Improved  Belt  Fraes 
are  taking  the  Palp  from  120  Stamps,  oraahing  350  tons 
per  day,  and  U  giving  entire  satisfaction  as  against  48 
plain  Belt  Machinea,  taking  the  Palp  from  the  other  120 
Stamps. 

Price  of  Improved  Belt  Frue  Vanner,  $900,  f.  o.  b. 
Price   of  Plain  Belt   Frue   Vanner,  $575,  f.  o.  b. 


For  Pamphlets,  Testimonials  and   farther  informatio 
Apply  at  office. 

ADAIVIS  L  CARTER,  Agents  FRUE  VANNING  MACHINE  CO.,  Room  15, 


There  are  Over  2200  Plain  Belt  Machines  now 
in  Use. 

Thb  Montaka  COMfANY  (Lliiiltcil),  LONWiN,  Octobor  H,  1885. 
Dkar  Sirs  :— Havlun  tcntod  three  of  your  Kriic  Vnniiers  in  a  com- 
petitive trial  with  other  similar  machiiiea  (Triumpli).  we  have  eatisfied 
'lurselvea  o(  tlio  aupc riority  of  your  Vaiuiurfl.  oa  in  ovidenccj  by  the 
fact  of  our  havluK  ordered  20  more  of  your  macbinon  for  immediate 
delivery.     Yours  truly,         TUK  MONTANA  COMPANY  (Limited), 

N.  B.— Since  the  above  was  written  the  20  VaiinerB,  having  been 
started,  ^'ave  8ut.-h  aatlMfactiuti  that  44  adilitional  Fruus  and  more 
Btampa  have  byeii  purchuaed.  ADAMS    JS    CAltTEEC 

No.  132  Market  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


"TRIUMPH"  ORE  CONCENTRATOR  with  IMPROVED  RIFFLED  BELT. 


The  competitive  trials  whioh  have  beon  held  between  the 
"Triomph"  Ore  Concentrators,  the  '*  Frue"  Vannera  and 
other  forms  of  concentrating  devices,  do  not  warrant  the  as- 
sertion that  the  "Krue  '  Vanniir  is  the  beet  ore  concentrator  in 
the  market.  The  fact  that  the  "Frues"  have  improved  (cor- 
roK&ted)  belts  does  not  militate  against  the  superiority  of  tho 
'•Triumphs;"  for,  when  desired,  they  (the  *'TriumpbB")  can 
be  mounted  with  a  superior  belt  known  as  the  '*  Blasdel  " 

Riffled. 

o 

Price  "  Triumph  "  Concentrators,  with  Im- 
proved (Patented)  Belt       -       -       -        $650f.  0.  b. 

Price  "  Triumph "  Concentrators,  with 
Plain  Belt $550f.  o.  b. 


We  are  prepared  to  guarantee  the  8Up:riorltv  of  the  "  Tiiumph  " 
tho  *'  Frue"  or  any  other  form  of  Concentrator,  lor  coin  if  need  be. 
Circulars  and  testimonial  letters  furnished  on  application. 


JOSHUA  HENDY  MACHINE  WORKS. 

39  to  51  Fremont  Street,     San  Francisco,  Cal. 


Both  the  "Triumph"  Concentrator  and  "Blasdel"  {riffled) 
Belt  are  protected  by  incontestable  letters  patent,  granted 
by  the  Government  of  the  United  States. 

Onifinal  Empire  Mill  and  Mininp  Compftoy, 
Principal  Office,  401  Coliforiiiti  St..  cor.  Sansorao,  S.  F. 
Location  of  Works,  Orass  Valley,  Nevada  Co.,  Cal. 
Grass  Vallkt,  Nrvada  Co.,  Cal..  Nov.  10,  iSStf. 
Joshua  Bendy  Machine  Wor/cs,  SO  to  hi  Fremont  St.,  S.  F.,  Cal.: 

Okntlrmbn— I  am  pleased  to  state,  in  reference  to  the  "  Triumph" 
Ore  Concentrators,  ithat  four  (4)  of  them  were  placeH  in  the  m*ll  of  the 
Orieinal  Emipre  Mill  and  Mining,'  Company  in  April,  1884,  and  a  thorouj,'h 
test  made  of  their  practical  oper.;tion;  and  their  efficiency  having  been 
demonstrated,  four  (4)  more  w  ore  subae(|ueDtly  introduced  as  the  comple- 
ment of  the  Twenty  (-20)  Stamp  Mill,  and  the  eight  (8)  have  been  and  are 
now  run n in y  with  entirely  satisfactorv  resuUe. 

At  the  Ten  (10)  Stamp  Mill  of  the  North  Star  Mininp  Company.  unHer 
my  superviBion.  four  (4)  are  also  in  eurcessful  operation,  and  from  my 
observation  of  their  practical  workings,  I  am  convinced  that  this  form  of 
Concentrators  ia  the  equal,  if  not  superior  to  anv  other  etvle  of  Vannera 
or  concentrating  devices.  DAVID  McKAY,  Jr., 

[Sicned]  Sup't  North  Star  and  Ori^'inal  Empire  Mining  Co. 

N.  B.  When  the  stamping  capacity  of  the  two  above  named  mills  was  in- 
creased, more  *'  Triumph  "  Concentrators  were  purchased,  and  twenty- 
eight  (2S)  are  now  in  constant  succeistul  operation. 


NOTICE  TO  GOLD  MINERS! 


JUSTINIAN  CAIRE,  Agent, 

521  &  523  Market  St.,  San  Francisco, 

— DBALBR    QJ— 

Assayers'  and  Mining  Material. 


UPBRIOB  COPPER 


— MANDPACTURBR    OP— 


IN   QUARTZ,  GRAVEL,  OR  PLACER  MINES.  MADE  OP  BEST  SOFT  LAKE 

Oar  plates  are  guaranteed,  and  by  actual  eKperience  are  proved,  the   bee;  in  weight  of  SII-    BATTERY  SCREENS  AND  WIRE  CLOTtt 

ver  and  durability.     Old  Mining  Plates  Replated,  Bought,  or  Gold  Separated.    THOUSAMDS 

OF    ORDERS    FILLED.  

SAN    FRANCISCO    NOVELTY,  GOLD,  SILVER    AND    NICKEL    PLATING  WORKS, 
1 08  and  112  First  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


■  SEND  FOR  CIRCDLAR3. 


Agent  for  HOSEINS' 
HYDEO-CARBOIT    ASSAY   FTJKNACES 


IMPORTANTTO  GOLD  MINERS! 

SILVER-PLATED  AMALGAM  PLATES  for  SAVING  GOLD 


MINING. 


Old  mining  Plates  can  be 


IN    QUARTZ,    GRAVEL    AND    PLACER 
PRICES  GREATLY  REDUCED. 

Only  Befined  Silver  and  Best  Copper  nsed,   Over  3000  Orders  filled.    Fifteen  Medals  Awarded, 

Replated.    Old  Plates  Bought,  or  Gold  Separated. 

These  Plates  can  also  bo  purchased  of  JOHN  TAVIiOK  &  CO.,  Corner  First  and  Mission  Sta 

San  Francisco  Gold,  Silver  and  Nicl<el  Plating  Works,  653  &  655  Mission  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  E.  G.  Oenniston,  Prop'r. 

Our  Plates  have  been  used  for  20  years.    They  have  proved  the  beet.    We  adhere  etrtctly  to  contract  In  welirht  of  Silver  and 
CoDoer.      SBND  P  JR  OIBOULAR. 


I3CXJI^T?inxrC3rTO  !«■, 


MANUFACTURER    OP ■ 


CENTRIFUGAL  ROLLER  QUARTZ  MILLS, 

Concentrators  and  Ore  Crushers, 
Mining  Machinery  of  Every  Description.        Steam  Engines  and  Sliingle  Machines. 


SEND    FOR    CIRCULAR. 


Centrlfagal  Boiler  Quartz  ACtU. 


213     X'XXl.S'X'      jEfFZlXJXIT, 


tS.A.lSI     I»H..A.3XrC3ISiCJO,      f.AT. 


PAT.  OCT.  25,  1881. 


PERFECT  PULLEYS 

First  Premium  Awarded  at  Mechanics'   Pair,    1884. 

Sole  Licenaed  Manufacturers  of  the 

MEDART    PATENT    WROUGHT    RIM    PULIEY 

For  the  States  of  California,  Oregon  and  Nevada,  and  the  Territoriea  ol  Idaho,  Washington 

Uontana,  Wyoming,  Utah  and  Arizona.      Lightest,  Strongest)  Ch,eapest  and 

Best  Balanced  Pulley  in  the  World.     Also  Manufacturers  of 

SHAFTING,    HANGERS    AND    APPURTENANCES. 


r  Sbnd  for  Ciroulabs  akd  Priob  List."^ 


Nob.  129  and  181  FREMONT  STREET 


SAN    FRANOISOO,  OAL. 


H.  D.  MORRIS, 
220  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco, 

MAMACTURERS'  aM  PDRCHASfflG  AGENT. 

Special  attentir"  given  to  purchase  of 

MINE  and  MILL  SUPPLIES. 


ADAMANTINE  SHOES  AND  DIES.— Guar- 
anteed to  prove  better  and  cheaper  than  any  others. 
Orders  solicited,  subject  to  above  couditlona, 

H.  D.  MORRIS. 


aOLB   AQBMT  FOR 


CRUSHER  PLATES, 

— AND— 

Chrome   Cast   Steel  for 
II"!  »     l>rilia.  Etc. 


AHA  VSA ITTYITE. 


178 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


(Mab  8,  1890 


JOSHUA  HENDY  MACHINE  WORKS, 


aNCOEPOEATBD   SEPTEMBER    29,    1882.) 


Nos.  39  to  51  Fremont  Street, 


San  Francisco,  OaL 


Mannfactiirers  of  HEW  and  Dealers  in  SECOND-HAND  BOILERS,  ENGINES,  PUMPS  and  MACHINERY 

LUBRICATING  COMPOUNDS  and  OILS  of  the  Best  Makes. 
PIPE  and  PIPE  FITTINGS. 

Brass    Goods    and    Fittinscs. 


Steam  Pumps  of  all  Makes, 

CENTRIFUGAL    PUMPS, 

MINING    PUMPS. 


BLOWERS  AND   EXBAOST  FANS. 

LEATHER  and  RUBBER 

L.rpxnNrc3r- 


Hydraulic  Mining,  Quartz,  and  Saw-Mill  Machinery,   Hydraulic  Gravel 

Elevators,  Hydraulic  Giants,  "Triumph"  Ore  Concentrators. 

Automatic  Ore   Feeders. 


A  ■",  £ 


Stationary,  Portable,  and   Hoisting 
ENGINES  and  BOILERS. 

Shafting, 

Pulleys, 

Boxes, 

Hangers. 


1 


WOODWORKING 
MACHINERY 

— ^!OMPRISINQ 

Band    Saws,    Stickers, 

Planers,  Shapers, 
SHINGLE  MILLS.  Etc. 


COMPOUND    DUPLEX    PUMP. 


IMPROVED     SINGLE     AND     DOUBLE     CIRCULAR     SAW-MILLS. 

AGENTS    FOB    THE    SALE    OF 

"  Eclipse"  Corliss  Engines,  Porter  Manufacturing  Go's  Engines  and  Boilers,  "Baker"  Rotary  Pressure  Blowers,  "Wilbraham"  Rotary  Piston 
Punars,"  Hazleton"  Tripod  Bilers,  "Jewell"  Water  Purifiers,  Buffalo  D\iplex  Steam  Pumps,  P.  Blaisdell  &  Co. 'a  Machinists' Tools. 


PARKE    &    LACY  COMPANY 


-IMPORTERS  AND  MANUFACTDBBRS  OP- 


MINING,    MILL    and    GENERAL     MACHINERY. 


ENGINES,  BOILERS,  STEAM  PUMPS, 

AIR  COMPRESSORS,  ROOK  DRILLS, 
WALL'S  CRUSHING  ROLLS, 

CONCENTRATORS,  PULVERIZERS, 
TURBINE  WATER  WHEELS, 

ROCK  BREAKERS.  DRY  JIGS. 

Bullock's  Diamond  Drills 


GOLDEN  GATE  CONCENTRATORS, 

GREATEST  CAPACITY  OF  ANY  CONCENTRATOR  MADE, 

One  Machine  Taking  Pulp  from  10  Stamps. 


SAW    MILLS,    MACHINE    TOOLS, 
PLANING  MILLS,  INJECTORS  and  EJECTORS 
BELTING,  PACKING,  OILS,  LUBRICATORS, 
FIRE    EXTINGUISHERS, 
CENTRIFUGAL  PUMPS 
ROTARY  PUMPS,  GANG  EDGERS, 
CAMPBELL'S    STEAM    FEEDS, 
MILL    and    MINE    SUPPLIES. 


t^-f^-rcr-w^-i=*  AT.     .A.GrXSKT'X^S     X*OZ«. 


WESTINGHOUSE    AUTOMATIC     ENGINES. 


COMPOUND,     5315  HORSE  POWER. 


SALES    DURING    LAST    FOUR    MONTHS: 

ST  A  "NTD  A  T?  D  »»  engines, 

t~>±-tX.±^  UX^..L\i±J,    4500  HORSE  POWER. 


JUNIOR, 


1G6  ENGINES, 
4260  HORSE  POWER. 


Ox-a,xica.   Tota,!,    309    XSxislzxesi,    .A.ssx-egAtlzi.s   13.9*73    ^lorso    I»o-c«7-er. 


21  and  23  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco,  Oal. 


189  Clarence  St.,  Sydney,  N.  S.  W, 


INVENTORS,     TAKE      NOTICE ! 

L.  petersonTmodel  maker, 

253  Market  St ,  N.  E.  cor.  Front  (up  stairs),  San    Francaico 
Experimebtal  machineiT  and  all  kinds  of  models    Tin 
and  brasawork.    All   communications  strictly   confiden- 
tial. 


FOR  ENuKAVINbb  Uewey  Engrftvlimr  Com- 
pany, No.  320  Mftiket  street,  San  FtuidscQ. 


} Dewey  &  Co.'s  Scientific  Press  Patent  Agency  { 


ESTA3LISHED 

1860 


A.  T   Dewet 
W.  B.  ElVER. 

Geo.  H.  Strong. 

Invk>t:ors  on  the  Pacific  Coast  «-ill  find  it  greatly  to  their  advantagje  to  consult  this  old,  esperienced,  first-class 
Agency.  We  have  able  and  trustworthy  Associates  and  Agents  in  Washington  and  the  capital-cities  of  the  principal 
nations  of  the  world.  In  connection  with  our  editorial,  scientific  and  Patent  Law  Library,  and  record  of  original 
cases  in  our  office,  we  have  other  advantages  far  beyond  those  which  can  be  offered  home  inventors  by  other  agencies 
the  information  accumulated  through  long  and  careful  practice  before  the  Office,  and  the  frequent  examination  of 
patents  already  eranted,  for  the  purpose  of  detenmning  the  patentability  of  inventions  brought  before  us,  enables 
U8  often  to  give  advice  which  will  save  inventors  the  expense  of  appljing  for  Patents  upon  Inventions  which  are  not 
new.  Circulars  of  advice  sent  free  on  receipt  of  post^e.  Address  DBWEY  4  CO.,  Pftteni  A«;enta,  SSO  H«rketSt,8.F. 


Smelter  For  Sale  or  Exchange, 


One  60-ton;  wrought  iron,  water-jacket  Smelting  Fur- 
nace (36"xC.O"  at  the  tuyeres)  of  the  latest  design,  wi  h 
Crusher,  Blower,  BoUer,  Pumps,  Engines,  Tools,  and 
everything  complete  for  immediate  deliverj*,  and  only 
used  about  six  months.  Cheap  for  cash,  or  vnW  exchange 
for  interest  in  a  Lead-Silver  Mine,  or  erect  in  any  mining 
camp  that  will  guarantee  a  certain  output.  For  furtbei 
particulars  addreaa  Box  2&,  Elkfaom,  Uontaaa. 


VOL.    LX."  Number  11. 

DEWEY    &.    CO.,    PuBUBHEflS. 


SAN    FRANCISCO,    SATURDAY,   MARCH   15,   1890. 


Three  Dollars  per  Annum. 

Single  Copies,  10  eta. 


Marble. 

Owing  to  the  violent  K^oIoKioal  agenoies 
which  have  been  in  operation  Binoe  the  forma- 
tion  of  the  marble  deposits  in  Californiai  the 
stone  ii  found  broken  and  shattered  in  many 
oftBes,  BO'it  is  ditlicult  to  obtain  pieces  of  large 
Btza  free  from  cracks.  This  is  the  case  in  some 
of  the  deposits  in  Kero,  Los  Angeles,  Monterey, 
Nevada  and  Plnmas  oonntiea.  In  some  other 
places,  however,  good  qnarries  are  foand, 
notably  in  Inyo  coanty,  where  the  quarry  is 
taming  out  good  marble  in  blookB  of  any  re* 
qatred  size.  Some  found  near  Teheohepai, 
Kern  county,  and  some  from  near  Oolfax, 
Nevada  county,  is  also  good. 

Vermont  is  the  leading  marble  producing  re- 
gion of  the  United  States.  There  are  in  that 
State  immense  beds  of  great  thickness.  The 
stone  occars  in  beds  usually  but  a  few  feet  in 
thicknesa,  which  vary  considerably  in  oolor,  so 
that  several  grades,  from  pure  white  through 
greenish,  bluish,  and  almost  black,  may  be 
taken  from  the  same  qaarry. 

As  a  rule  the  best  marbles  in  Vermont  occur 
where  the  beds  or  strata  stand  at  high  angles,  as 
at  West  Rutland,  The  quarries  themselves  at 
this  village  He  along  the  western  base  of  a  low 
range  of  hills,  which,  to  the  ordinary  observer, 
give  no  sign  of  the  vast  wealth  of  material 
concealed  beneath  their  gray  and  unintereBting 
exterior.  In  quarrying,  the  best  beds  are  se- 
lected, and  upon  their  upturned  edges  excava- 
tion is  commenced,  first  by  blasting,  to  remove 
the  weathered  and  worthless  material,  and 
afterward  by  channeling,  drilling,  and  wedg- 
ing ;  no  powder  being  used  lest  the  fine  massive 
blocks  become  shattered  and  unfit  for  use.  The 
quarry  thus  descends  in  the  form  of  a  rectang- 
alar  pit,  with  almost  perpendicular,  often  over, 
hanging,  walla,  tu  a  depth  of  aometimes  more 
than  200  feet,  when  the  beds  are  found  to  curve 
to  the  eastward  and  pass  under  the  hill,  becom- 
ing thus  more  nearly  horisantal  ;  in  following 
these  the  quarry  assumes   the  appearance  of  a 


THE    LIDGBRWOOD    IMPROVED    QUARRY    HOISTING    ENGINE. 


vast  cavern  fronfl  whose  smoke-blackened,  gaping 
mouths  one  would  little  suppocfe  could  be  drawn 
the  huge  blocks  of  snow-white  material  lying 
In   gigantic  piles  in  the  near  vicinity. 

An  interior  view  of  a  West  Rutland  marble 
qaarry  is  shown  on  this  page.  It  was  drawn 
from  a  photograph,  and  wd  reproduce  the  view 
from  Geo,  P.  Merrill's  report  on  *'The  Build- 
ing and  Ornamental  Stones  in  the  U.  S.  Na- 
tional Mnaeum." 

Some  of  the  quarries  ha^e  been  partially 
roofed  over  to  protect  them  from  snow  and 
rain,  and  seem  like  mines  rather  than  quarries. 
The  Boant  daylight  at  the   bottom  is  scarce 


suffioient  to  guide  the  qaarryman  ia  his  work. 
As  one  peers  cautiously  over  the  -edge  into  the 
black  and  seemingly  bottomless  abyes,  naught 
but  darkness  and  asceoding  smoke  and  steam 
are  visible,  while  bis  astonished  ears  are  filled 
with  such  an  unearthly  clamor  of  quarrying 
machines,  the  puffiog  of  engines,  and  the  shouts 
of  laborers,  as  is  comparable  with  nothing  within 
the  range  of  our  limited  experience. 

The  stone  taken  from  the  quarries  is  worked 
up  in  the  companies'  shops  in  the  immediate 
vicinity  or  shipped  in  the  rough  as  occasion  de* 
manda.  The  supply  is  used  for  monumental,  de- 
corative or  statuary  work  and  general  building. 


INTERIOR    VIEW    OF    MAR3LE    QUARRY,    WEST    RUTLAND,    VERMONT. 


An  Improved  Quarry  Hoisting  Engine. 

The  Lidgerwood  Manufacturing  Company  of 
96  Liberty  street.  New  York  City,  manufact- 
urers of  hoisting  machinery,  are  making  an  en- 
gine specially  designed  and  adapted  for  heavy 
hoisting  purposes  in  quarries,  etc.,  known  as 
their  improved  double-cylinder  reversible  link 
motion  hoisting  engine.  The  engraving  on  this 
page  will  give  our  readers  a  good  idea  of  the 
general  style  and  appearance  of  this  machine. 
Its  oonstruction  embodies  all  the  latest  im- 
provements made  in  the  well<known  Lidger- 
wood type  of  hoisting  engine,  and  its  design  ia 
based  upon  the  suggestions  of  the  most  experi- 
enced quarrymen  in  the  country.  The  Lidger- 
wood Manufacturing  Oo.  olaim  it  is  the  most 
perfect  and  complete  engine  ever  built  for 
quarry'hoisting.  It  does  away  with  the  com- 
plicated system  of  blocks,  saving  time  and 
trouble,  as  the  hoisting  is  done  with  a  single 
direct  line. 

The  engines  are  of  the  improved  double- 
cylinder  reversible  link  motion  type,  with 
throttle  valve  connection,  mounted  upon  an 
extra  strong  and  solid  cast-iron  bedplate,  and 
are  handled  by  simply  moving  the  upright  lever 
to  start,  stop  aad  reverse  them.  The  drum 
shaft  ia  of  hammered  steel  and  the  drum  is  of 
cast  iron  turned  off  true  and  smooth,  of  large 
diameter  and  is  extra  heavy  and  substantial. 
It  is  connected  with  the  engines  through  a  train 
of  gearing  of  great  strength,  which  on  the  drum 
and  intermediate  shafts  is  double,  thus  equal- 
izing the  strain  and  decreasing  the  wear.  A 
powerful  foot-brake  is  supplied  which  will 
hold  any  load  the  engine  will  hoiat.  There  are 
two  changes  of  speed,  effected  by  means  of  a 
small  and  a  large  driving  pinion  on  the  crank 
shaft,  either  of  which  may  be  operated  by  a 
clutch  between  the  two,  as  by  moving  it  along 
the  shaft  it  will  engage  with  either  pinion. 

The  engines  are  particularly  simple  in  opera- 
tion, as  all  that  is  necessary  is  to  throw  the 
clatch  into  either  the  fast  or  slow  speed  gear 
and  hoist,  hold  and  lower  the  stone  by  simply 
(Concluded  on  page  ISO.) 


180 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Mar.  15,  1890 


COF^F^ESPOJ^DEJ^'CE. 


We  admit,  unindorsed,  opinioos  of  correspondents. — £ds. 


Mines  of  a  Rainless  Land. 

NUMBER    III. 

Silver  and   Saltpeter  Deposits  of  Iquique. 
[Written  for  the  Press  by  Don  Juan.] 

Iq  my  last  letter  of  Jan,  4th,  I  promised  to 
take  you  tbroagh  some  of  the  moat  important 
mines  of  Santa  Rosa  de  Terafaca,  which  I  will 
now  do.  Santa  R^sa  is  one  of  the  moat  pro- 
doctive  mining  camps  in  Chili.  It  Is  situated 
about  11  miles  from  Iquique  in  a  eoutheasterly 
direction,  and  about  seven  miles  south  of 
Huantajia.  Oar  way  to  Santa  R3aa  is,  of 
course,  again  ever  the  dreary  pampas  described 
in  my  last  letter.  Midway  between  Iquique 
aad  Santa  Rssa,  we  pass  through  El  Mineral 
de  Carmen,  and  here  we  note  the  very  impor- 
tant mines  of  L<i  Carmen,  La  Mina  Binders, 
Argentina  and  La  Mina  Margarita.  La  Car- 
men, shortly  before  my  visit,  had  baen  bought 
by  an  Eoglish  company.  It  has  been  in  its 
day  a  very  productive  mine,  at  one  time  em- 
ploying over  500  men,  and  some  very  rich  ore 
has  been  taken  out.  Bat  the  work  was  pros- 
eouted,  as  in  nearly  all  these  mines,  in  a  very 
primitive  way.  All  the  ore  and  waste  was  tak> 
en  out  on  the  backs  of  the  South  American 
mule — the  peon — in  sacks  made  of  raw-hides. 
The  Carmen  is  exclusively  worked  through  a 
sort  of  an  iooline  shaft  with  steps  cut  in  the 
footwall  of  the  lode  upon  which  the  peon  wends 
his  weary  way,  carrying  the  treasure  from  the 
bowels  of  the  earth  to  the  surface.  When  one 
looks  at  the  dumps  of  some  of  thobe  mines,  and 
sees,  as  is  the  case  with  the  Carmen,  some 
300,000  tons  of  vary  low-grade  ore,  one  will 
hardly  believe  that  all  this  weight  has  been  car- 
ried up  hundreds  of  feet  from  balow  on  the 
backs  of  human  beings.  Bat  such  is  the  case. 
Some  of  these  Cliftons  are  in  from  SOO  to  1500 
feet,  but  the  vertical  depth  attained  is  very 
moderate  compared  with  distance  run.  At  the 
time  of  my  visit  to  the  Carmen,  the  owners 
were  experimenting  in  the  wet  sorting  of  the 
ore.  The  water  for  this  prooeBs  has  to  be  car- 
ried on  mule-back  a  long  distance,  and  costs 
from  eight  to  nine  cents  per  {gallon.  It  was 
soon  found  that  this  was  too  high  a  price  to  pay 
for  water,  and  the  dry  method  was  again  re- 
sorted to.  La  Mina  Bandera  Argentina,  a  very 
good  mine,  is  owned  by  the  English  Consul  of 
Iquique.  It  employs  about  20  men.  It  is 
under  the  e£Bcient  management  of  Mr.  Cirbis 
of  Cornwall.  It  is  producing  some  very  high- 
grade  ore  of  silver,  with  strong  indications  of 
oonper  being  present. 

From  the  Argentina  we  pass  through  tbe 
Margarita,  where  we  meet  Mr.  J.  C.  Jans,  M. 
E.,  as  administrador.  This  is  a  ne^v  property 
owned  by  a  Santiago  company.  The  ore  is 
galena  and  running  as  high  as  $3000  per  ton. 
At  present  some  eight  or  nine  tons  per  day  are 
extracted  and  shipped  to  Iquique.  The  new 
shaft  which  is  now  being  sunk  id  down  200  feet, 
and  looks  more  like  mintug  than  anything  in 
the  vicinity,  A  malacata  is  now  being  built, 
and  more  men  daily  put  on. 

From  La  Margarita  we  proceed  to  Santa 
Rosa.  The  first  mine  here  of  any  note  is  Li 
Florida,  owned  by  a  German  oompany,  and 
employing  about  40  men.  Tbe  shaft  is  down 
300  feet,  with  SO  feet  of  east  and  60  feet  of 
west  croBBcut.  There  is  a  drift  in  on  the  north 
lode  over  600  feet,  and  on  tbe  south  lode  some 
400  feet  of  drifting  has  been  done.  The  ore  is 
of  very  high  grade,  running  up  to  @10,000  per 
ton.  The  average  width  of  the  vein  is  from  8 
to  10  inches.  This  company  is  now  putting  up 
a  lOhorse  power  boiler  and  engine  and  con- 
structing some  very  good  bouses  for  their  men 
and  ofGoers, 

The  next  mine  visited  was  La  Grande,  by 
far  the  richest  mine  in  the  camp.  It  is  em- 
ploying about  150  men.  The  main  shaft  is 
down  600  feet,  and  there  are  over  six  miles  of 
workings.  At  the  time  of  our  visit  we  were 
shown  over  $70,000  worth  of  ore  in  the  ore- 
bouse,  over  which  a  guard  is  kept  night  and 
day.  The  ore  is  hauled  to  Iqnfque  three  times 
a  week,  and  a  guard  is  sent  aloag  with  each 
cartload,  and  it  is  needed,  too,  in  this  country. 
The  American  Consul,  Dr.  Merriam,  owns  a 
large  part  of  this  mine,  and  it  is  very  good 
property  to  have.  Ic  has  been  worked  for  over 
200  years,  and  is  reported  to  have  produced 
over  §150.000,000.  It  has  in  120  years  paid  a 
royalty  to  the  Kings  of  Spain  of  nearly  $40,- 
000.000.  Next  to  La  Mina  Grande  is  La  Mina 
EL  Ray,  onoe  the  property  of  a  Spanish  Kmg. 
It  is  from  this  very  mine  that  one  of  the  most 
magnificent  specimens  in  the  Spanish  museum 
at  Madrid  was  taken.  Its  weight  is  ever  9 
quintals,  and  it  has  a  sutlace  of  nearly  3  by  S 
leet.  I  would  tike  to  be  able  to  present  a  speci- 
men like  this  to  your  valuable  museum  of  the 
Mining  Bareau  at  S.  P.,  but  am  afraid  they 
would  be  too  modest  to  accept  it.  El  Rey  is 
at  present  employing  only  six  men,  and  very 
little  ore  is  being  taken  out.  The  lower  work- 
ings are  in  a  very  bad  state,  and  too  dangerous 
to  be  reopened.  In  my  next  letter  I  will  take 
yon  through  La  Buena  E^peranza,  also  a  very 
rich  mine. 


CoLOBADO  is  to  send  out  a  traveling  exhibit 
on  the  sa-ne  plan  as  "California  on  Wheels." 


Butte,  Montana. 

The  Most  Extensive  Minlns  District  on  the 
Cantloent. 

[Written  for  the  Press  by  R.  G.  H.] 

The  continued  progress  and  development  of 
the  mines  in  and  around  Butte  has  never  been 
the  outgrowth  of  mining-stock  speculation,  and 
in  consequence  the  development  has,  in  many 
cases,  been  slow,  but  the  merit  of  the  mines  is 
the  only  incentive  that  the  miners  of  Butte  care 
to  crowd  their  muscle  against.  It  is  not  a  case 
of  how  many  shares  of  treasury  stock  can  be 
floated  at  perhaps  one-tenth  or  one-twentieth 
of  their  par  value  in  order  to  keep  up  a  fine 
general  ofl&ce  and  a  retiaue  of  salaried  officials; 
but  how  many  tons  of  ore  can  be  selected  and 
shipped  to  reduction  works  and  how  many 
ounces  of  silver  will  it  yield  to  produce  tbe 
coin  to  meet  a  regular  pay-day.  This  is  the 
basis  that  most  of  the  remunerative  mines  of 
Butte  have  been  operated  upon,  and  I  wilt  en- 
deavor to  show  you  in  a  measure  what  that 
progress  has  been  in  the  past  four  years. 

Four  years  ago  it  came  in  my  line  of  duty  as 
a  traveling  correspondent  for  the  Mining  and 
Scientific  Press  to  furnish  you  an  occasional 
screed  concerning  Biatte,  the  many  mining  en- 
terprises and  their  plants,  etc.  The  taking  up 
in  detail  of  each  oompany  and  individual  car- 
rying on  mines  in  Batte  now  would  no  doubt 
take  up  too  much  of  your  valuable  space,  yet 
a  brief  description  of  some  of  the  most  impor- 
tant enterprises  would  be  of  interest  to  your 
readers.  Tbe  motto  of  every  mining  oompany 
in  the  district  has  apparently  been  *' Excel- 
sior," for  in  all,  their  shafts  have  been  sunk 
deeper  and  widened  out  to  two  and  three  com- 
partments. Levels  have  been  run,  I  might 
say,  by  tbe  mite,  ore  chutes  put  in  and 
stopes  opened,  giving  room  and  place  for  more 
men  to  be  operated.  Mills  have  been  enlarged 
and  new  smelters  built  and  more  oapacity 
added  to  the  old  ones.  Agencies  for  outside 
emelting  and  reduction  works  have  been  estab- 
lished and  all  are  doing  all  their  oapacity  will 
admit. 

The  Anaconda, for  iDsfcance.four  years  ago,  was 
ehipping  1200  tons  of  ore  daily  to  the  smelter. 
Their  capacity  to-day  is  3000  tons  per  diem, 
but  on  account  of  the  fire  m  the  lower  levels  of 
the  Anaconda  and  St,  Lawrence  mines  they  are 
only  ehippiug  ISOO  tons  at  the  present  writing. 
This  all  comes  from  the  Chambers  Syndicate 
mines,  also  owned  and  operated  by  that  com* 
pany.  In  18S6,  it  was  estimated  that  3000  men 
were  working  in  and  around  the  mince  uf  Batte. 
It  is  safe  to  say  that  that  number  has  fully 
doubled  and  every  industry  in  connection  has 
prospered  aocordiogly. 

What  other  mining  or  minufacturing  town  on 
the  continent  is  there  that  could  have  two  of 
its  most  extensive  companies  closed,  as  is  now 
the  case  wiEh  the  B.ue  Bird  Con.  and  partially 
so  with  the  Anaconda  Cj.  and  yet  scarcely  feel 
the  effects  ? 

The  Blue  Bird  Mining  Co.'s  elegant  OOstamp 
mill  baa  been  closed  for  months  on  acoount  of 
litigation,  and  the  judicial  authorities  have 
been  in  such  a  turmoil  over  the  disputes  in 
regard  to  the  validity  of  the  late  election  that 
many  months  more  may  pass  before  the  matter 
can  be  properly  adjadioated. 

A  close  calculation  will  show  that  at  least 
1000  more  men  would  be  required  to  fill  these 
two  vacancies.  Many  of  the  old  employes 
of  these  companies  are  taking  this  as  a  mott  op- 
portune moment  to  pay  visits  back  heme,  Eist, 
or  in  foreign  lands.  Others  who  hava  bought 
or  located  properties  of  their  own  are  profitably 
filling  in  the  interim  in  developing  their  own 
properties,  and  as  the  whole  country  for  a  radius 
of  six  miles  is  one  continuous  network  of  leads 
and  veins  of  quartz,  they  are  likely  to  do  full  as 
well  as  if  they  continued  regularly  at  wages.  The 
Summit  Mining  District,  as  it  is  calted,  is  a 
phenomenal  one,  as  there  are  hnndreda  of 
veins  of  quartz — some  large,  some  small,  con- 
taining goid,  silver  and  copper  in  greater  or  less 
quantities,  silver  and  copper  predominating. 
Yet  almost  every  mine  in  the  camp  carries 
more  or  leas  value  in  gold. 

The  railroad  facilities  are  being  rapidly  in- 
creased to  meet  the  very  mach  increased  wants 
in  this  line,  and  instead  of  only  having  one  di- 
rect connection  east  aud  west  there  will  be 
three — the  great  Northern  (better  known  as  the 
Manitoba),  the  Union  Paciric,  and  winhin  two 
months  the  Butte  &  Gallatin  Cut-off  will  be 
completed,  placing  Butte  a  few  miles  nearer  St, 
Paul  than  Helena  via  the  Northern  Pacific. 
Several  other  roads  are  making  good  time  head- 
ing for  Butte.  The  enormous  traffic  in  mer- 
chandise and  supplies  for  the  population  and 
mines  of  Butte  and  the  tonnage  of  copper  matte 
shipped  from  here  yearly  attract  the  live  rail- 
road men,  and  they  are  reaching  for  a  share 
of  it. 

The  mills  and  smelters  at  Batte  are  without 
exception  operated  on  their  own  ore,  and  the 
leasers  for  the  most  part  are  compelled  to  ship 
their  ore  to  outside  reduction  works.  This 
compels  them  to  pay  freight  and  cost  of  treat- 
ment, and  it  appears  to  me  that  there  is  here 
an  excellent  opportunity  for  some  enterprising 
man  to  erect  reduction  works  for  custom  ores 
alone.  This  should  be  on  strictly  modern  ideas, 
with  a  view  to  save  every  expense  both  in 
handling  the  ores  and  supplies,  and  thus  reduce 
the  expense  to  a  minimam,  and  by  reducing  the 
cost  of  treatment  it  would  bring  au  enormous 
amount  of  ores  into  market  that  Batte  miners 
never  have  touched  for   the  reason  that  they 


could  not  break  it  and  transport  it,   pay  for 
treatment  and  have  a  margin  left. 

There  is  an  immense  quantity  of  this  char- 
acter of  ore  in  the  camp,  and  sooner  or  later 
some  one  will  inaugurate  an  enterprise  of  this 
kind.  I,  for  one,  believe  that  it  will  be  made 
a  profitable  investment,  under  a  level-headed 
management  and  with  sufficient  capital.  Tbe 
railroads  have  switch-backs  and  tracks  laid 
now  to  all  the  mines  that  are  producing  ore  in 
sufficient  quantities  to  make  it  an  object,  and 
the  mills  in  Walkeiville  that  three  years  ago 
were  paying  for  teams  transferring  their  coal 
and  salt  from  South  Butte,  now  have  the  care 
switched  right  in  to  their  coal  and  salt  bunkers. 
Of  course  the  railroads  do  not  switch  cars  up  a 
steep  grade  for  the  fun  of  the  thing,  yet  it  is 
much  more  economical  and  convenient  than  the 
old-fashioned  way.  Tbe  population  is,  of 
course,  iocreaaing  as  rapidly  as  the  prosperity 
of  the  district  demands.  Tbe  latest  estimates 
place  it  between  35,000  and  40.000,  and  i  am 
of  tbe  opinion  that  it  will  reach  the  latter  num- 
ber. From  the  present  outlook,  the  let  of 
January,  1892,  will  see  Batte  with  over 
50.000  people. 

The  town  itself  has  never  had  what  might  be 
termed  a  building  boom,  Dnring  tbe  past  year 
many  very  handsome  two  and  three  story  brick 
buildings  have  been  added  to  the  town,  and 
the  real  estate  men  are  apparently  taking  hold 
of  home  investments.  A  large  amount  of 
building  is  already  in  sight  for  this  season. 
Rites  of  interest  are  too  high  to  foster  much 
extravagance  of  this  kind.  This  his  been 
caused  mostly  by  an  uncertain  feeling  in  titles, 
but  since  the  Smoke  House  lode  matter  was 
settled,  there  is  more  firmness  in  the  values 
here,  and  if  a  capitalist  or  his  agent  was  to  lo* 
cate  here  with  ample  oapital,  be  would  have  no 
trouble  in  realizing  from  1  per  cent  to  1.^  per 
cent  on  his  money,  and  need  take  no  chances 
on  titles  whatever — only  loan  where  the  title 
was  as  good  as  warranty, 

A  new  water  company  has  made  an  applica- 
tion to  the  council  for  a  franchise;  a  new  elec- 
tric-light company  is  also  about  ready  for 
business,  and  many  other  new  enterprises  are 
being  inaugurated,  all  owing  to  the  continued 
increase  in  the  ore  product  and  absolute  needs 
of  the  enlarged  oommonwealth.  The  taking 
out  and  throwing  into  the  world's  wealth  coffers 
of  over  §22,000,000  in  one  year  from  a  low- 
grade  ore  camp  such  as  Butte  is  well  known  to 
be,  means  the  disbursement  on  the  spot  of  an 
immense  sum  of  money  monthly.  Most  of  this 
finds  its  nay  into  the  channeld  of  trade  and 
creates  commercial  prosperity. 

Roads  and  Roadmaking. 

Editors  Press  : — I  see  by  a  recent  number 
of  the  Press  that  the  best  system  of  roadmak- 
iog  is  open  for  discussion.  We  are  mudded  in 
again  and  the  mod-plow  is  off  the  track  aud  is 
laid  up  for  epairs  for  the  time  being,''  and  my 
mind  wanders  toward  roadmaklng.  It  is  nat- 
ural for  us  when  we  have  bad  roads  to  see  the 
necessity  of  havfng  good  roads.  Jast  ench  a 
winter  as  this  develops  all  of  the  bad  places  in 
the  roads,  and  we  can  see  where  it  Is  necessary 
to  turn  the  water  from  the  road  and  to  make 
ditches  for  the  same.  Poor  roads  may  be  a 
blessing  to  some,  but  to  those  who  live  12  or  15 
miles  from  a  railroad  it  is  quite  a  hardship  to 
travel  through  the  mud  thac  distance.  In  the 
first  place,  we  are  all  interested  in  having  good 
roads — not  only  the  country  people  but  those 
of  the  city  as  well.  The  city  man  likes  to  go 
out  in  the  country  lor  an  airing  and  try  his 
fast  horse;  so  yoif  will  observe  all  are  interested 
more  or  less. 

Now  for  the  best  system.  I  fail  to  notice 
any  general  plan  offered  as  yet,  therefore  I 
will  make  a  few  suggestions.  In  the  first 
place,  we  want  a  general  system  to  work  by. 
Perhaps  the  same  system  would  not  work  well 
in  all  sections.  In  the  first  place,  the  county 
supervisors  are  supposed  to  have  the  control  of 
the  fioances  of  tbe  county  and  to  look  out  for 
its  best  interests  and  apportion  the  funds  to 
the  best  advantage.  If  that  is  so,  then  why 
not  devise  some  general  plan  for  working  the 
roads  in  each  oounty,  and  require  the  road 
overseers  to  work  to  the  plan  adopted  by  the 
board,  and  not  do  as  we  usually  do,  go  as  you 
please?  Every  road  overseer  haa  a  plan  of  his 
own  to  work  the  roads  by;  in  comeqaenoe  we 
work  to  a  disadvantage. 

In  the  second  place,  all  new  road  work 
should  be  let  by  contraot  to  the  lowest  bidder. 
If  there  is  half  a  mile  of  road  to  be  thrown 
up  and  graveled,  or  a  new  bridge  to  be  built, 
let  it  to  the  lowest  bidder.  Plenty  of  men  can 
be  found  to  take  the  job  and  do  it  according  to 
contract,  thereby  making  a  saving  to  the 
county,  and  you  would  get  more  road  work  for 
the  amount  of  money  expended.  There  are 
no  two  roadmasters  that  work  the  roads  the 
same  way.  Some  will  argue  the  best  way  is  to 
gravel  the  roads  without  throwing  them  up  first, 
by  dropping  the  gravel  in  the  center  of  the  road, 
which  has  been  worn  out  by  travel  from  one 
foot  to  15  inches  lower  than  the  outside  of  the 
road.  When  tbe  rains  come  the  water  of 
course  will  run  to  the  center  and  soften  the 
roadbed,  and  the  consequence  is  that  your 
gravel  has  gone  out  of  eight  and  you  have 
notbiog  to  show  for  your  labor  and  money  ex- 
pended. You  can  see  that  kind  of  work  all 
over  this  county.  It  is  useless  and  money 
thrown  away.  Such  a  road  will  only  last  for  a 
year  or  two,  then  you  have  to  gravel  again. 

I  believe  it  would  be  a  great  saviog  of  labor 
and  money  to  have  some  general  system  to 
work  under.     The  question  might  be  asked: 


What  constitutes  a  good  road  for  all  seasona 
of  the  year  ?  As  far  as  my  obseivation  goes, 
and  I  have  traveled  the  roads  more  or  less  for 
the  last  60  years,  and  all  kinds  of  roads  at  that, 
the  best  valley  road  that  I  have  seen  for  all 
purposes  is  one  that  has  been  well  graded  up 
in  the  center,  with  ditches  on  each  side  to 
carry  the  water,  and  culverts  whenever 
necessary  to  carry  the  water  from  the  roads. 
Sach  a  roadbed  should  then  be  well  graveled. 
By  adopting  that  plan  you  will  have  a  dry 
roadbed  at  all  seasons  of  the  year,  and  a  road 
that  will  last  for  years,  with  a  little  care,  and 
it  will  be  a  pleasure  for  the  tax-piyer  to  travel 
over  the  road  and  see  where  he  has  got  good 
value  for  the  money  expended. 

I  would  make  another  suggestion  for  county 
and  valley  roads,  and  that  is  to  grade  up  welt 
—say  30  feet  wide  from  ditch  to  ditch.  This 
grading  should  be  done  in  tbe  spring,  after  the 
heavy  rains  are  over.  It  will  pack  and  be  in 
good  condition  to  gravel  in  the  fall  before  tbe 
rains  set  in.  I  would  drop  tbe  gravel  a  little 
to  one  side  of  the  center;  by  doing  so  yon  will 
have  left  a  good  summer  track,  which  horses 
orefer  to  travel  over  during  the  summer  months. 
This  method  wilt  be  a  great  saving  of  gravel, 
also  of  horse  fl  sh  and  shoeing. 

The  moat  expensive  part  of  roadmaking  is 
tbe  gravel.  It  costs  from  50  cents  to  2  dollars 
per  load,  owing  to  the  distance  you  have  to 
haul.  So  you  eee  it  should  be  used  to' the  best 
advantage,  and  we  cannot  have  good  roads  in 
the  valley  in  the  winter  without  gravel. 

Danville.  B. 


British  Columbia  Coal. 

The  British  Columbia  inspector  of  coal  an- 
nounces that  during  the  year  the  following 
mines  have  been  operated,  their  respective  out* 
puts  having  been:  Nanaimo  colliery,  223. &70 
tons  IS  cwts.;  Wellington,  273,383  tons;  Unioa 
colliery,  31  204  tons.  The  total  output  of  the 
year  was  579  830  tons  12  ots.,  the  coal  on  hand 
on  January  1,  1S39,  having  been  10,922|  tons. 
The  exports  of  these  collierie'i  were  443.675 
tons;  home  consumption,  124,574;^  tons,  and. on 
hand  Ist  January,  1890,  a  little  over  22.504 
tons.  The  statemert  shows  the  output  and 
export  of  coal  from  1887  to  1SS9: 

Output.  Fxport. 

Tons  Tons 

1«S7 413  300  334,8R9 

l'^^^ 48S)0U0  5*6,1,714 

jSSD 579,S30  443,076 

The  following  statement  shows  the  various 
sources,  with  q  laotitiea,  of  their  supply  of  coal 
to  the  State  ol  California  from  1887: 

1SS7.  1S88.  18Sf). 

■'oiiS.         T-.n-j.         Tons, 

British  Co'umbia 324.fl49  345  631  4I7.(t04 

Australia 155  (!40  U7I.612  403,0  2 

hi  t;land  and  Wales t)l,24S  126. 1«7         3'i.8no 

ScoMand 12,615  10,680         12,727 

Eastern  Stales  (aothracito, 

elc) 24,102  30, nS         18  950 

Pu^et  Sound 569,710  508,913  372, CU 

''o.>8  Bay  aad  Mt.  Diabln..      h0,l56         81  1!H  ■        S7,(;00 
Japan ^ 13.808  1,:}40 

Totals 1  217.428     1,418,-;0S     1,351,057 

Appended  are  the  respectiive  oolliery  returns, 
with  a  list  of  questions  bubmitted  by  the  ex- 
Aminers  in  Nanaimo  under  the  "Coal  Mines 
Regulation  Act." 


Iron  Sands. — A  process  for  amalgamating 
the  Now  Zjaland  iron  sand  has,  a  correspond- 
ent of  the  Neio  Zealand  Herald  states,  been 
discovered  by  Mfcears.  Minett  &  Jones.  The  tiux 
used  and  the  procees  are,  of  course,  kept  secret 
by  the  inventors  until  protection  is  secured. 
The  process  has  been  a  complete  success,  and 
had  bsen  carefully  proved  iq  bulk.  Mr.  Minett 
has  watched  tbe  operation,  step  by  step,  him- 
self, and  this  has  been  done  with  the  most  sat- 
isfactory result.  A  quantity  of  the  calcined 
iron  sand  and  flux  haj  been  brought  to  Him> 
ilton.  These  were  in  pieces  about  two-thirds 
the  siza  of  a  brick,  but  much  lighter,  and  com- 
paratively porous  like  coke.  When  pounded 
up,  the  debris  readily  attached  itself  to  a  mag- 
net, which  would  take  up,  if  worked  long 
enough,  the  whole  of  it.  The  fluxed  iron  sand 
is  now  ready  for  the  bla^t  furnace,  and  Messrs. 
Minett  &;  Jones  are  preparing  a  temporary 
furnace,  when  the  fluxed  material  will  be  run 
off  into  pigs.  The  correspondent  further  states 
his  belief  that  there  is  no  doubt  that  the  true 
fiax  for  the  Nbw  Zsaland  iron  sand  has  been 
discovered.  The  mechanical  difficultiep  in 
smelting  are  overcome,  and  he  says  N'ew  Z:a- 
land  has  before  it  the  great  future  of  being  che 
producer  to  an  unlimited  extent  of  the  moet 
valuable  iron  tbe  world  has  yet  seen. 

Prospecting  for  Coal  — Juhn  Djlbeer  of 
San  Francisco,  who  has  become  interested  in 
Eleinore,  San  Diego  county,  has  associated  him- 
self  with  J.  D.  Haff,  and  they  have  entered 
into  a  contract  with  the  Denver  Diamond  Drill 
Co.  to  bore  for  coal  upon  a  tract  of  land  they 
have  purchased  there,  and  which  they  are  sat- 
isfied contains  an  immense  deposit  of  fuel. 
The  drill  is  to  be  sent  2000  feet  and  more  if 
necessary.  Work  is  to  commenca  aa  soon  as 
machioery  can  be  pat  on  the  ground.  As  this 
is  the  flrst  diamond-drill  test  on  the  coast  of 
Southern  California,  the  results  wilt  be  watched 
with  interest. 


The  Anaconda  Company,  M'~<ntana,  has  made 
arraugement  with  the  S  Ivar  B  ;w  Watar  Com- 
pany to  purchase  alt  the  water  that  can  be 
spared,  and  this  will  be  turned  into  the  mine. 
Ig  is  thought  that  it  will  take  two  mouths  to 
flood  the  burning  mine. 


Mab.  15    1890 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


181 


Hioing-Camp  Blackmailers. 

How  They  Have  Kept  xjack;  CcBur  d'Aleoe. 

Tbe  Wardaer  Stict  Qaa  tbo  fultowiag  atory 
to  tell,  which  U  one  that  fitii  other  miiiiog 
cainp«  OD  thia  coast  as  well  : 

The  hooeet  miuer  ia  a  personB|{e  the  Western 
man  for  yt-ara  has  loved  to  hooor;  he  exhibits 
tbe  troeat  types  of  maobood  aod  is  held  io  tbe 
highest  esteem  by  all  who  know  what  it  is  to 
battle  with  fortune  and  plauk  the  laurel  wreath 
of  SQccesB  in  an  honorable  aod  legitimate  man 
ner.  Such  men  are  worthy  of  all  praise  for  the 
part  they  have  taken  in  the  devolopmeut  of  our 
country.  Through  their  enterprise  new  com* 
munities  have  sprung  into  existenue,  thriving 
and  populous  oarrpi  have  been  created,  and  tbe 
people  rtali/.j  how  deeply  they  are  indebted  to 
them  for  their  present  prosperity  and  the  fond 
hopes  they  entertain  for  future  ancoesv.  Bat 
in  all  communities  black  sheep  are  fuund.  and 
Ca'ur  d'Alene  is  no  exception  to  the  rule.  Since 
iu  early  nettlement  we  have  been  altloted  by 
the  presence  of  individuals  calling  themselves 
miners,  who  have  had  no  other  objtjot  in  view 
but  to  live  on  the  sucoess  of  legitimate  mining 
men,  and  when  chance  occurred  assert  their 
cUims  to  the  ownership  of  property  on  false 
pretenses  for  no  other  purpose  bat  the  levying 
of  blackmail,  and  failing  in  that,  to  involve  tbe 
property  in  litigation.  Thunderbolts  of  Inveo- 
iivea  have  been  privately  launched  upon  the 
heads  of  such  aggressors,  but  for  various 
reasons  no  one  has  been  found  willing  to  publicly 
lift  his  voice  in  reproof  of  their  conduct.  Tbe 
barefactd  persistence  in  their  reprehensible 
course,  and  their  apparent  disregard  for  tbe 
principles  of  common  justice,  suggest  inquiry, 
and  the  Netoi  knowicg  tbe  condition  of  affaira 
would  be  recreant  in  its  doty  to  its  readers  and 
the  public  if  it  did  not  cry  aloud  against  the  ex- 
iiting  evil.  To  keep  silent  any  longer  would  be 
to  pursue  a  coarse  inimical  to  the  interests  of 
our  vast  mining  regions  and  would  be  only  a 
manifestation  of  cowardice  anwortby  of  tbe 
press. 

Capitalists  and  men  willing  to  invest  are 
soared  frcm  their  good  tntentione  by  the  con- 
stant acts  of  such  blackmailers.  Such  individ 
aals  are  paralyzing  the  industry  of  North- 
ern Idaho  at  present.  Their  acts  create  sua* 
picioD  and  cause  annece&sary  delay  in  tbe  de- 
velopment of  valuable  mining  property:  they 
incommode  the  owner,  destroy  the  confidence 
of  the  stranger,  and  in  many  cases  involve  liti- 
gation that  is  costly  and  injurious,  while  it 
never  fails  to  reenlt  in  disadvantage  to  all. 

Yreka  district  can  be  cited  as  an  example  of 
the  evil  effects  produced  by  the  operations  of 
those  unecrupuloua  blackmailers,  and  the  cloa- 
ing  down  of  the  famona  Banker  Hill  and 
Sallivan  mines  furnishes  an  undeniable  illustra- 
tion. Work  was  suspended  on  the  property 
last  April  with  a  view  to  opening  up  tbe  main 
or  lowest  tunnel  iu  order  to  prepare  tbe  mine 
.  for  more  extensive  operations  in  the  extraction 
of  ore,  and  aUo  to  determine  the  continuity  of 
the  ore  developed  in  the  upper  workings,  which 
up  to  the  preaent  period  ia  uocertain.  At  the 
time  of  closing,  the  ore  bad  diminiahed  in 
grade  but  increased  in  body,  and  the  ownera 
concluded  that  the  only  system  to  insure  a 
profit  was  to  operate  on  a  large  scale  with  an 
economical  plant,  run  by  water  and  electric 
power,  with  tramwaya  and  all  other  modern 
and  approved  devices.  At  that  time  the  oom- 
pany  bad  completed  all  arrangements  for  the 
erection  of  a  mammoth  mill  on  the  South  Fork; 
a  contract  was  made  with  the  Cameron  Broth- 
ers to  fnrniah  I.OOO.OOO  feet  of  lumber,  but  all 
further  progress  oeaaed  on  account  of  an  in- 
JQDction  on  the  Salllvan  mine,  granted  without 
any  bearing  in  tbe  matter.  This  waa  obtained 
on  the  affidavit  of  a  party  who  had  been,  and 
.was  at  the  time,  an  employe  of  the  company. 

About  aix  months  prior  to  the  granting  of 
the  iojunction,  an  entrance  was  surreptitiously 
gained  to  the  mine  through  doors  that  were 
looked,  and  in  .that  way  a  survey  waa  made. 
This  iDJunction  prevented  work  in  the  Sullivan 
on  the  dip  of  its  vein,  and  in  consequence  all 
farther  operation  waa  stopped  in  the  lower 
tunnel,  paralyzing  at  tbe  san^e  time  other  de- 
velopment on  the  property.  Qaite  reoently  an 
attempt  was  made  to  jump  a  piece  of  ground 
adjoining  the  Sullivan,  the  title  of  which  has 
never  been  disputed.  Two  location  notices 
were  recorded  in  Murray  prior  to  any  notice 
being  posted  on  the  ground,  any  stakes  beiog 
driven  or  any  diacovery  made.  The  ground  on 
which  the  discovery  was  claimed  was,  at  the 
time,  covered  by  a  big  anowulide.  The  intent 
of  such  a  soheme  is  at  once  apparent,  and  with 
just  as  much  reason,  fresh  locations  of  the  en* 
vire  property  might  be  made.  The  company 
baa  determined  to  expend  no  more  money  until 
absolnte  protection  by  law  is  insured,  for  it 
they  have  no  right  to  the  ground,  what  profit 
could  accrue  from  further  investment  ?  Mr. 
Reed  came  here  in  good  faith,  paid  a  larue  fig- 
ure for  the  mines  and  expended  nearly  $1,000,- 
000  in  purchaae  and  improvementa,  taking 
every  precaution  from  the  start  to  buy  up  all 
coofi  ctiog  titles  and  paying  cash  therefor.  In 
this  connection  it  can  also  be  stated  that  he 
bought  two  pieces  of  property  for  which  he  had 
to  settle  twice,  second  claimanta  appearing 
after  tbe  first  settlements  were  made. 

Theee  incidents  are  prominent  among  many 
that  can  and  will  be  cited  in  support  of  our  as- 
aertiona.  Wardnerbaa  suffered  aorely  from  the 
effects  of  blackmailers,  who  in  the  main  are 
nothing  but  barroom  bummers  waiting  their 
opportunity  to  pounce  on  the  property  of  good 
men,  and  to  acoompliab  their  ends  are  ready 


and  willing  to  swear  to  anything.  Wardner 
to-day  should  be  the  most  prosperous  camp  in 
the  entire  Northwest;  it  is  surrounded  by  the 
richest  mines  on  earth,  and  the  present  compar- 
ative stagnation  in  mining  matters  is  alone  at- 
tributable to  the  villainous  attempts  of  un- 
aorupulooB  persona  to  exact  bUckmail,  If  we 
are  to  be  run  over  by  such  characters  and  the 
preis  refuaes  to  ventilate  their  procetdinga  and 
the  people  and  tbe  law  fall  to  support  honest 
men,  we  might  as  well  strike  our  tents  and 
be*k  new  loenes.  But  better  things  are  in 
atore  for  us;  a  day  of  retribution  is  at  baud  and 
tbe  rntblesa  invader  of  others'  rights  will  soon 
learn  his  oourse  is  run  In  Caar  d'Alene. 

The  Postal  Telegraph. 

Mr.  Norvin  Green,  President  of  tbe  Western 
Union  Telegraph  Company,  has  appeared  before 
tbe  House  Committee  on  Paste  tHaes  and  Post- 
roads,  where  the  bill  for  establishing  a  postal 
telegraph  in  oonnection  with  our  mail  service  is 
now  under  consideration.  Acoording  to  his 
statement,  the  postal  telegraph  monopoly  of 
tbe  United  States  owns  one-third  of  all  the 
telegraph  lines  of  the  world  and  bandies  one- 
third  of  its  messages.  Here  is  an  admieaion 
that  alone  mav  well  startle  the  whole  country 
with  alarm.  Like  Victor  Hugo's  graphic  de- 
Rcription  of  the  devilfish,  this  one  monstrous 
monopoly,  from  its  cffice  on  Wall  street,  has 
its  fange  and  tentacles  lasteoed  upon  tbe  social 
life  and  industrial  activity  of  more  than  sixty 
milliona  of  people. 

Tbe  dragon  then  proceeded  to  abow  its 
mouth  and  teeth,  and  as  it  ia  a  apecimen  of 
aucient.animal  life,  a  sort  of  megatherium,  that 
haa  long  managed  to  maintain  its  existence  in 
the  straggle  of  life  with  nobler  creaturea,  butia 
destined  soon  to  pass  away^  it  may  be  inter- 
esting to  watch  its  squirmibgs   and   writhioga. 

We  are  told  that  people  are  not  asking  tor 
the  postal  telegraph.  Itia  not  very  likely  that 
as  slow  a  body  as  Congress  would  move  in  this 
matter  if  the  people  were  quiet  and  content. 
Would  Mr.  Green  be  willing  to  submit  this 
question  to  a  vote  of  tbe  people  ?  , 

We  are  told  that  the  Baltimore  and  Ohio 
Telegraph  Co.  went  into  the  cheap  poatal  busi- 
neaa  and  got  smaahed,  and  if  the  Government 
attempts  to  fnrniah  cheap  ratea  it  will  he  in 
danger  of  entangling  itself  in  enormoua  financial 
burdens.  The  eioiater  amiability  of  the  attempt 
to  frighten  reminds  ua  of  a  little  French  fable, 
wherein  a  farmer  convokes  all  the  tenants  of 
tbe  barnyard,  and  with  sweet  solemnity  says  : 
"Dear  animals,  I  have  assembled  yon  here  to 
advise  me  what  sort  of  sauce  I  ahall  cook  you 
'  But,"  exclaimed   an   insurrectionary 


with." 
chicken, 
eaten  at 
replied  : 
point,'' 


we  don't  want  to  be  cooked  and 
11."  To  which  the  urbane  Chairman 
"My  child,  you  wander  from  the 
So  we  call  Mr.  Green  to  order,  as 
wandering  from  the  real  iatine,  when  he  states 
that  the  United  States  Government  cannot 
manage  the  poatal  tinea  any  more  satisfactorily 
and  economically  than  these  companiea;  that 
the  qneation  of  coat  cuts  no  figure  in  the  case. 
The  inndamental  idea  upon  which  the  postal 
system  of  the  United  States  is  based  ia  not  that 
of  revenue,  as  is  tbe  case  with  moat  European 
Gcvernments,  but  to  dissemiuata  intelligence, 
accommodate  the  people,  encourage  trade  and 
commerce,  strengthen  the  ties  of  friendship  and 
intercouree  and  give  stability  and  vitality  to 
our  social  and  political  fabric.  In  moat  of  the 
European  countries  the  postal  service  is  con- 
ducted so  as  to  raise  a  revenue,  and  therefore 
it  is  neoeseary  to  look  carefully  into  all  the 
details  of  the  service  aa  a  means  of  support* 
ing  the  Government.  But  here  the  case  is 
wholly  different.  There  is  no  reason  what- 
ever why  our  postal  system  should  be  self- 
supporting.  We  do  not  look  to  it  as  a  source 
of  revenue  to  meet  the  current  expenses  of  the 
Government.  Taxes  frOm  other  sources,  on 
the  luxuries  of  life  and  sundry  articles  of 
foreign  production  which  come  into  competi- 
tion with  home  producta,  are  more  than  suf- 
ficient to  meet  the  ordinary  expenses  of  the 
Government,  including  the  annual  deficit  of 
tbe  Poatcffioe  Department. 

Then  it  may  be  added  in  tbie  connection 
that  while  tbe  postal  aervice  of  this  country  ia 
not  run  for  revenue,  it  is  a  significant  fact  that 
the  deoreaae  of  poatal  rates  haa  ever  been  fol- 
lowed by  an  increase  in  the  revenue  of  thia  dp- 
partment.  Postmaster- Gpopral  Vilaa,  in  1887, 
reported  a  gain  of  $-1  840,000  in  this  setvice 
over  all  preceding  years,  and  predicted  the 
time  waa  near  at  hand  when  the  service  would 
be  self-aupporting.  Thia  prediction  ia  now  ao 
near  verification  that  there  la  actually  a  bill 
pending  to  reduce  letter  postage  to  one  cent. 
Now  in  the  light  of  these  facts  the  additional 
expense  of  the  postal  telegraph  to  thia  depart- 
ment will  oreate  no  alarm,  but  rather  inspire 
confidence  in  the  measure. 

This  ia  a  progressive  nation — none  more  eo. 
With  our  progrees  it  ia  right  that  our  legisla- 
tion should  gradually  tend  to  reduce  the  bur- 
dena  of  the  people  in  all  poasible  ways  consist- 
ent with  good  government,  and  cheap  postal 
aervice  that  touches  life  at  every  point  every 
hour  in  the  day  should  be  ranked  among 'the 
most  indiapenaable  necesaitiea  of  oar  busineaa 
and  social  welfare. 

Lst  the  people  on  this  coast  wbo  believe  in 
a  Government  postal  telegraph  system  make 
the  fact  emphatically  known  to  their  delegation 
in  Congreas,  and  give  them  a  solid  backing  in 
the  matter  of  progresaive  legislation. 


Municipal  Problems. 

The  questions  have  gradually  been  taking 
shape  iu  thoughtful  mindf,  can  our  large  cities 
be  honestly  and  economically  gOTerned,  and 
whether  their  moral  and  political  condition  is 
not  growing  worse  with  each  passing  year. 
New  York,  Chicago,  Philadelphia  and  Sin 
Franoiaoo  have  recently  furnished  ua  eome  con- 
spicuous examples,  and  even  smaller  cities  are 
falling  into  tbelr  wake.  Tbey  are  gradually 
reaching  a  state  of  demoralization  In  all  parts 
of  the  Government,  even  to  the  management  of 
school  boards  and  sanitation,  that  is  truly  de- 
plorable, if  not  alarming.  It  would  seem  that 
when  a  city  arrives  at  a  certain  period  of  ex- 
istence that  It  is  given  over  as  a  prey  and 
foraging  gronnd  to  politicians.  The  substan- 
tial, the  thrifty  and  industrious  appear  to  be 
so  engrossed  in  business  or  indifferent  to  local 
Government  as  almost  to  entirely  negUot  their 
public  duties.  They  pay  their  annual  taxes 
with  a  growl,  especially  if  they  are  a  little 
higher  than  usual,  bat  always  with  the  appar- 
ent sense  that  the  exaction  is  unavoidable  and 
with  no  well-defined  idea  that  they  are  to  any 
extent  responsible  for  the  continuance  of  thia 
state  of  things,  or  if  they  do  rally  for  a  general 
cleaning  np,  It  is  but  a  spasm  of  indignant  feel- 
ing that  soon  spends  its  force. 

In  most  targe  cities  the  tendency  Is  to  leave 
the  management  of  municipal  affiira  to  a  class 
who  live  on  public  patronage  or  who  are  the 
besotted  followers  of  local  bosses  and  tingn  or  so 
tar  under  the  dominion  of  partisan  prejudice 
and  traditionary  names  that  the  smart  politi- 
cians have  tverything  pretty  much  their  own 
way.  Every  municipality  employs  a  large 
number  of  men  to  fill  the  various  offices,  and 
the  parceling  out  of  these  places  ia  treated  as 
tbe  property  or  patronage  of  the  chief  bosses. 
For  each  place  or  appointment  there  ia  one  in- 
cumbent and  ti'ty  more  anxious  to  be.  Tbe 
result  is  the  mustering  of  an  utterly  servile  and 
nnscrupnloas  army  of  fotlowera  who  rule  the 
clubs  and  other  organizations.  They  control 
tbe  primariea  and  do  the  blowing  and  striking. 
They  distribute  the  bribes  and  herd  the  voters. 
Above  these,  and  in  the  back  room  of  some 
fashionable  saloon,  may  be  found  the  big  boBaea 
who  are  tbe  minions  and  janizaries  of  tbe  gas 
companiea,  water  companies  and  other  dragons 
that  combine  to  fieece  the  people  and  loot  the 
public  treasury. 

The  Tweed  exposure  some  years  ago  in  New 
York  showed  what  a  vast  and  hnugry  vampire 
would  fasten  upon  a  local  body  and  thrive  upon 
the  blood  of  the  tax-payers.  The  trial  of  the 
Chicago  bondlere  is  a  later  exposure.  Then 
Cincinnati,  St.  Louis  and  Philadelphia  had  a 
straggle  with  the  anaconda.  San  Francisco  ia 
a  young  city  full  of  luaty  life  and  energy,  but 
haa  not  been  slow  to  learn  tbe  vicious  political 
methoda  of  tbe  older  cities  of  the  Eiat.  It  ia 
a  question  we  are  called  upon  seriously  to  con- 
sider whether  the  people  rule  or  the  clubs  and 
cliques.  Are  they  allowed  to  assume  any  fair 
expression  of  their  will  and  opinions  in  city 
afifairs?  Have  they  any  voice  in  fixing  water 
rates,  gas  rates,  sanitation  and  the  like,  or  are 
they  the  victima  of  King  Boodle  and  his  oor- 
mants? 

This  is  a  question  that  has  almost  passed  out 
of  the  power  of  many  American  cities  to  remedy 
The  greedy  cupidity  of  the  ruling  classes  in- 
creases faster  than  the  growth  of  material 
wealth  or  taxable  basis,  and  consequently  de- 
ficits increase.  And  thua  it  may  be  seen  that 
the  tendency  of  municipal  governments  ia  to 
depart  further  and  farther  from  frugal  and 
strict,  honest  economy.  Now  where  this  will 
lead  to  ia  a  matter  of  the  graveat  concern.  If 
we  had  only  one  example  of  a  city  reforming 
and  ataying  reformed,  there  might  be  acme 
ground  of  hope.  Exposures  are  almost  daily 
made  by  a  vigilant  presa,  and  indignation 
meetings  are  held,  and  all  evaporates  In  talk 
and  paper  resolutions.  City  charters  are 
amended,  a  new  distribution  of  power  takes 
place,  and  the  old  atory  of  corraption  and  mis- 
management goes  on. 

Itia  just  now  a  question  that  ia  attracting 
considerable  attention  how  far  our  municipal 
scandals  may  be  abated  by  placing  certain  pub 
lie  intereats,  auch,  for  inatanoe,  as  tbe  water 
supply  and  gaa,  under  public  control.  The  ex- 
periment is  certainly  worthy  of  trial  in  tbe  in* 
tereat  of  economy,  and  that  there  would  be  a 
large  abatement  of  corruption  must  certainly 
follow.  That  the  vast  accumulation  of  wealth 
in  the  hands  of  private  corporations  haa  tended 
to  poison  and  demoralize  municipal  politics,  ia 
almost  an  every-day  fact.  It  is  very  easy  and 
profitable  to  manipulate  munioipal  councils  and 
Boards  of  Supervisora.  The  forces  of  the  dragon 
are,  or  may  be,  concentrated  into  a  mighty 
battery  at  one  point,  while  the  people  are  acat- 
tered  like  sheep  without  a  shepherd,  and  the 
niiachief  ia  often  done  and  legalized  before  they 
are  aware  of  their  danger.  With  the  munici- 
pal ownerahip  of  theae  plants,  at  least  one  in- 
centive to  bribery  and  tampering  with  the 
honor  of  public  officials  would  be  taken  away. 
The  scheme  baa  worked  well  wherever  it  haa 
been  fairly  tried,  and  if  all  the  friends  of  juat 
government,  of  economy  and  a  better  service  of 
thu  people  would  unite  and  move  in  a  solid 
phalanx,  the  measure   would  be  accompliabed. 

The  importations  of  ores  from  Sonora,  Mex- 
ico, at  Nogales,  Arizona,  during  the  month  of 
F-braary  were  751,000  pounds,  valued  at 
S87-375;  lead  ores,  147.484  pound?;  copper, 
11  980:  gold  bullion,  §24,792;  silver  bullion, 
§17.300. 


Mining  of  Asbestos. 

Some  interesting  information  regarding  the 
mining  of  asbestos  in  Canada  was  reoently  giv- 
en In  an  article  in  the  Popular  Science  Monthly 
by  Prof.  J.  T.  Donald,  Mining,  be  states,  is 
carried  on  by  cutting  down  the  hills  of  asbestos- 
bearing  aerpentlne.  much  aa  a  farmer  outs  down 
a  stack  of  hay  or  straw,  or  by  open  quarrying 
on  tbe  level.  Tne  rock  ia  blasted  oat,  and  the 
aabestos,  separated  from  the  containing  rock,  is 
"cobbed** — ».  c,  separated  by  hammering  from 
adhering  foreign  matter.  Thia  cobbing  is  a 
comparatively  easy  matter  in  the  case  of  the 
finer  quality,  as  it  usually  separates  readily  from 
the  gangue,  but  in  the  lower  grades  much  dif- 
ficulty is  experienced  in  separating  the  fibrous 
matter  from  the  non-fibroua.  At  best  there  ia 
great  waste.  Much  of  the  aabestos  is  in  thin 
or  narrow  veins,  and  is  wasted,  as  by  the  pres- 
ent moie  of  operating,  it  does  not  pay  to  sep- 
arate thia  from  tbe  serpentine.  A  machine 
that  will  enable  these  narrow  veins  to  be  atil- 
ized  is  a  desideratum. 

When  "cobbed"  the  asbeatoa  is  graded  ac- 
cording to  purity,  color,  and  length  of  fiber, 
into  three  grades,  and  bagged  for  shipment. 
The  finest  quality  or  '*  firsts  "  finds  ready  sale 
at  pricea  rauging  from  SSO  to  SUO  per  ton. 
"  Seconds  "  fetch  from  §50  to  S70  per  ton,  while 
'* thirds"  may  be  valued  at  $13  to  $15  per  ton. 
In  good  mines  the  yield  of  asbet^tos  is  from 
three  to  five  per  cent  of  the  rock  quarried,  and 
the  coat  of  mining  may  be  put  down  at  $25  to 
$30  per  ton.  Raturns  obtained  by  the  Gsolog- 
ical  Survey  of  Canada  show  that  for  the  year 
188S  Canada's  output  was  4404  tons,  valued  at 
the  mines  at  $255,000,  and  this  tbe  output  of 
nine  different  mines.  Over  three-fourths  of 
the  whole  was  shipped  to  the  United  States, 
small  quantities  going  to  Great  Britain,  Ger- 
many, France,  Belgium  and  Italy,  and  being 
uaed  in  domestic  manufacturing. 

Wide  Tires. 

We  have  seen  miles  of  road  made  useless  of 
tbe  winter  by  aome  man  who  would  put  a  big 
load  on  a  wagon  and  hitch  a  large  number  of 
animala  to  it  and  "go  through,"  The  law 
should  subject  all  sncb  persons  to  a  fine  in 
double  the  cost  of  the  road.  In  aome  of  the 
States,  the  wide-tire  law  ia  in  operation  with 
most  beneficial  results.  It  might  work  some 
hardship  for  a  time,  but  it  might  be  put  in 
gradual  operation  for  a  time  in  summer.  In 
winter,  no  man  should  be  allowed  to  spoil  a 
road.  Heavy  hauling  shonid  not  be  done  when 
the  ground  is  soft.  Some  men  would  recklesa- 
ly  tear  up  ten  miles  of  road  that  coat  $1000  a 
mile  for  the  aake  of  hauling  a  couple  of  cords  of 
wood  over  it. — Colusa  Sun. 

Here  we  have  concisely  stated  one  rf  the 
prime  reasons  why  our  roads  are  chopped  ap 
and  in  many  instances  rendered  totally  unfit 
for  use  and  we  think  It  time  for  some  atten- 
tion to  be  paid  to  a  subject  of  snch  moment, 
which  concerns  everybody.  Wide  tires  would 
be  a  partial  relief,  but  it  would  be  better  to 
prohibit  the  heavy  vehicle  from  going  over  a 
road  when  it  ia  probable  it  will  tear  it  ap, — 
Vacaville  HeporUr, 


They  Did  Not  Pay. — The  Nevada  Herald 
tells  us  of  tbe  experiment  that  some  genius  ia 
making  on  the  cemented  gravel  of  the  mines  of 
Little  York  Township  with  gas  in  order  to 
decompose  the  cement  to  make  it  more  readily 
yield  the  gold  which  it  Is  thought  to  oontain. 
The  experiment  spoken  of  is  not  likely  to  pro- 
duce any  satisfactory  results,  as  the  cemented 
gravel  waa  well  tested  years  ago  by  stamp- 
mills,  and  all  the  companiea  had  to  abandon 
their  efforta.  At  one  time  there  were  16  stamp- 
mills  In  Little  York  Township  for  the  crushing 
of  cemented  gravel,  which  they  aucceasfuUy 
accompliabed,  but  there  waa  not  aufficient  gold 
in  the  gravel  to  compenaate  the  expenae.  The 
only  profitable  gravel  mining  in  that  district 
was  by  the  hydraulic  process,  and  when  that 
was  stopped  by  the  injunctions  of  the  conrta 
the  minea  had  to  atop,  and  since  that  time  there 
has  been  little  mining  over  there  except  the 
cleaning  up  of  bedrock  and  ground  aluicing  in 
the  ravines.  Near  You  Bet  there  is  one  piece 
of  ground,  the  Brown  claim,  that  pays  for 
drifting,  and  it  is  tbe  only  one  in  that  vicinity 
that  is  being  worked  by  that  plan  that  now 
pays  its  way.  The  deeompoaing  of  the  cement 
by  gaa  ia  not  going  to  restore  mining  In  Little 
York  to  ita  former  prosperoua  condition.  Theae 
minea  to  be  made  productive  mnat  retnrn 
to  the  hydraulic  proceaa. 

A  Sulphuric  Ether  Motor. — M.  de  Susini, 
a  Corsican  doctor,  has,  it  is  asserted,  construct- 
ed a  motive  apparatue  or  propeller  of  20-hor8e 
power,  which  ia  worked  by  auiphuric  ether,  a 
result  which  the  doctor  anticipates  will  realize 
a  saving  of  65  per  cent  of  the  combustible  ma- 
terial at  present  employed  for  setting  machin- 
ery in  motion. 

Stamp  •  Collectors.  —  The  magnitude  of 
stamp  -  collectors'  operations  may  be  judged 
from  a  statement  that  a  gentleman  lives  in 
Baden  Baden  who  refused  an  offer  of  §1,250,- 
000  for  his  collection  of  postage-stamps. 

Hydraulic- Power  at  a  pressure  of  750 
pounds  to  the  square  inch  is  now  being  con- 
veyed about  bentath  the  streets  of  London  as 
steam  ia  conveyed  la  this  country. 


182 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Mah  15,  1890) 


H^INIJ^JG   SUMMAF^Y, 

The  following  is  mostly  condensed  from  joumalfi  publiBhed 
Id  the  interior,  in  proximity  to  the  mines  mentioned. 


CALIFORNIA. 

Amador. 

Zeile. — Ledger,  March  8:  Tbe  water  has  again 
increased  in  this  mine,  necessitating  the  hoisting  of 
water  for  nearly  24  hours  each  day.  This  prevents 
hoisting!rock  from  the  main  shaft,  and  consequently 
20  stamps  of  the  mill  are  hung  up  until  the  wa- 
ter diminishes.  A  large  number  of  the  employes  are 
laid  off  temporarily. 

Amador  Gold  Mine. — There  is  very  little 
change  to  report  at  this  mine.  Supt.  DarHng  has 
arrived,  but  no  resumption  of  underground  work 
has  resulted  as  yet.  The  miners  have  not  been  paid 
their  wages.  They  held  a  meeting  in  Pioneer  hall 
Tuesday,  to  determine  what  should  be  done.  Three 
weelis  have  elapsed  since  they  quit  work,  and  the 
law  provides  that  miners'  liens  must  be  filed  withii 
30  days  after  the  last  day's  labor  upon  the  property 
against  which  the  lien  attaches,  or  the  hen  is  void. 
The  miners  are  determined  not  to  lose  any  of  Ihidr 
rights.  The  agent  of  the  company  was  waited  upon 
to  ascertain  when  they  might  look  for  the  money. 
We  understand  they  were  told  that  tbe  money  would 
be  forthcoming  next  Monday.  The  men  decided  to 
wait  until  then  before  proceeding  to  secure  themselves 
by  filing  hens.  It  is  said  that  when  the  mine  starts 
again  there  will  not  be  so  many  men  employed  as 
heretofore,  at  least  not  until  the  mill  is  ready. 

Sutter  Creek. — Cor.  Ledger,  March  8:  Since 
my  last  another  important  transfer  of  mining  prop- 
erty has  taken  place  in  this  locality.  The  Summit 
mine,  adjoining  the  famous  Eureka  on  the  south, 
has  passed  under  the  control  of  Eastern  capitalists. 
This  is  gratifying  news  indeed,  as  Mr.  Steward,  who 
had  the  property  bonded,  had  so  much  other  min- 
ing business  on  hand  that  he  was  not  in  a  position 
to  operate  it.  The  property  is  regarded  as  one  of 
great  promise,  and  it  is  hoped  that  it  will  respond 
to  the  expenditure  of  a  little  capital  by  developing 
into  one  of  the  best  paying  mines  on  the  belt.  The 
promoters  of  the  South  Eureka  are  only  waiting  for 
a  settlement  of  the  weather  to  commence  operations 
in  earnest.  The  new  rope  for  North  Star  has  not 
arrived  yet.  In  the  meantime  they  are  doing  some 
prospecting  at  the  800-foot  level,  to  satisfy  them- 
selves, if  possible,  of  the  advisability  of  going  deeper. 
J.  H.  Tibbits  is  e.vpected  up  (rom  the  city,  where  he 
has  been  to  make  the  necessary  arrangements  to  do 
considerable  work  on  the  Sutter  mine  this  summer. 
The  sulphurets  works,  after  a  shut  down  of  several 
weeks  for  want  of  acids  and  other  material,  have  re- 
sumed operations,  and  evidently  for  a  long  run. 

Bl  Dorado. 

ESPERANZA. —  Georgetown  Gazette,  March  6: 
During  the  winter  the  work  of  sinking  on  the  Esper- 
anza,  near  Garden  Valley,  under  Superintendent 
George  Weist.  has  been  prosecuted  with  the  utmost 
diligence.  We  hear  that  the  large  ledge  is  improv- 
ing in  quality  with  depth.  In  conversing  with  a 
practical  miner  of  that  district,  in  no  way  connected 
with  the  mine,  he  expresses  the  opinion  that  the  Es- 
peranza  will  prove  to  be  the  most  valuable  mine  in 
the  county.  We  are  glad  to  hear  that  this  mine  is 
more  than  holding  its  own  as  work  of  development 
progresses,  for  the  building  of  a  20  or  40-stamp  mill 
will  be  insured  this  summer.  Mr.  Burlingham  has 
stayed  with  this  mine  for  many  years,  through  many 
trying  pullbacks,  confident  that  he  had  a  valuable 
mine.  He  has  great  confidence  in  the  old  St.  Law- 
rence mine.  Over  eight  years  ago  he  told  us  that 
before  ten  years  have  gone  he  felt  confident  that  200 
stamps  would  be  pounding  out  bullion  in  the  vicin- 
ity of  Garden  VaUey- 

Grizzly  Flat.— Cor.  Mountain  Democrat,  March 
8:  The  Codlin  Brothers  at  the  crossing  of  Steely 
Fork,  are  putting  up  a  5-stamp  mill,  and  as  soon  as 
the  weather  will  permit,  expect  to  commence  crush- 
ing. Francis  Delanney  is  running  on  the  Treat 
mine  and  they  have  just  struck  the  formation,  a 
large  body  of  porphyry  and  quartz.  The  tunnel  is 
now  in  200  feet.  J.  Lyons  S:  Co.  have  made  a  very 
good  cleanup  on  the  Morey,  and  are  going  ahead 
with  vigor.  The  Mt.  Pleasant,  under  the  superin- 
tendence of  Capt.  Smith,  is  still  working  to  strike 
pay  rock, 

Calaveras. 

Central  Hill  Mines  and  Others.  —  Cala- 
veras Clironicle,  March  8:  I'he  Central  Hill  mines, 
located  six  miles  below  this  place,  are  turning  out 
very  handsomely;  and  in  the  neighborhood  of 
Spring  Valley,  ground  has  been  discovered  which 
promises  to  be  remunerative.  At  Central  Hill  the  i 
showing  is  especially  flattering.  Our  special  re-  [ 
porter  gives  us  the  following  account  of  raining 
operations:  The  Union  Shaft  Gravel  mine  has 
proved  itself  to  be  one  of  the  finest  mine=;  in  the 
State,  employing  16  men  in  and  around  the  mine 
and  several  wood-choppers.  The  mine  is  run  by 
steam,  A  washing  of  the  gravel  is  made  every  8  or 
10  days.  The  last  washing  of  last  month  prpduced 
72  J^  02.  equal  to  $4500  per  month.  Tbe  expenses 
are  about  $1500,  which  is  a  very  good  showing  for 
a  mine  that  has  lain  idle  for  15  years  for  the  want  of 
a  little  capital.  There  are  some  of  the  knowing  ones 
around  that  feel  like  kicking  themselves  for  not  tak- 
ing hold  of  it  when  they  had  a  good  opportunity. 
Adjoining  the  Union  Shaft  mine  on  the  south  is 
the  old  Swenson  mine,  owned  by  James  Duryea,  a 
valuable  property  waiting  for  a  buyer.  On  the 
west  of  the  Union  is  the  Monier  mine,  a  property 
of  80  acres  containing  the  same  lead  as  the  Union 
and  one  of  the  easiest  mines  to  open  and  operate 
In  this,  section.  The  next  west  of  this  is  the  Benson 
minCj  a  splendid  property.  They  have  a  three- 
stamp  mill  that  crushes  about  30  tons  in  24  hours, 
and  the  dirt  will  yield  from  $6  to  $8  per  ton.  The 
mine  is  worked  through  a  tunnel  of  about  400  feet 
with  about  60  feet  of  an  incline  at  the  end,  Ttie  water 
is  taken  out  with  a  syphon.  They  have  a  fine  body 
of  pay  dirt  in  sight  and  employ  about  16  men  in 
and  around  the  mill  and  mine.  No  timbering  is 
required  in  the  mine.  The  expenses  are  about 
$toooamonth,  which  leaves  a  fine  large  margin 
for  pluck  and  energy.  About  half  a  mile  north  of 
of  the  Benson  mine  is  the' old  Mullen  mine,  owned 
by  Dave  Cassinelli,  a-nd  is  at  present  being  opened 
by  a  tunnel.  This  claim  is  known  to  have  some 
very  rich  ground  in  it  that  could  not  be  taken  out 
by  the  old  working  as  they  were  running  down  the 
.channel  and  could  not  handle  the  water.  Just  west 
and  adjoining  the   Benson  mine  is  a  mining  prop- 


erty of  200  acres  on  the  old  blue  lead,  and 
it  is  the  only  claim  that  can  be  worked  and  drained 
through  a  tunnel  in  this  section.  There  is  a  fine 
opportunity  for  a  little  capital  to  develop  a  valua- 
ble property  on  the  Ross  ranch,  near  the  old  Spring 
Valley  mine,  A  company  has  started  in  and  piped 
off  the  surface  and  laid  bare  a  fine  large  body  of 
gold-bearing  cement  that  prospects  rich.  It  is  too 
hard  for  the  pipe,  but  the  company  intend  to  pros- 
pect the  same  thoroughly,  and  if  it  should  prove 
to  be  extensive,  they  will  erect  machinery  to  work 
it.  The  next  in  order  is  the  Michigan  mine  situated 
on  the  old  Schockton  ranch.  It  is  a  very  peculiar 
deposit  of  gravel  on  the  tops  of  the  hills  south  of 
the  road.  It  is  from  one  to  20  feet  thick  and  pros- 
pects from  top  to  bottom.  Mr.  S.  K.  Snodgrass 
has  about  completed  a  new  machine  that  is  ex- 
pected to  work  a  hundred  tons  per  day.  They 
expect  to  have  it  running  by  the  last  of  this  week. 
The  Brunner  Mine..— Mountain.  Echo,  March 
6:  Among  the  va'uable  mines  in  this  section  that 
are  idle  for  the  want  of  capital  to  work  them,  none 
strikes  us  as  more  valuable  ihan  the  Brunner  mine 
near  Albany  Flat.  Some  two  years  ago  this  claim 
was  bonded  by  a  company  (rom  San  Francisco. 
This  company  sunk  a  shaft  over  100  feet,  but  the 
water  came  in  so  rapidly  that  they  were  compelled 
to  discontinue  work.  From  the  surface  down  to  a 
depth  of  nearly  go  feet,  the  vein  is  fully  50  feet  in 
width,  and  it  is  a  well-known  fact  that  this  immenfe 
body  of  ore,  by  the  ordinary  process  of  milling,  will 
yield  from  $3  to  $4  per  ton,  and  yet  this  mine  is  not 
made  to  yield  up  its  goldeu  treasure. 

iQyo. 

Cerro  Gordo.— Inyo /«(7'f/£'//i/(r»/,  March  7:  At 
last  report  the  Union  shaft  at  Cerro  Gordo  was 
timbered  down  to  a  depth  of  600  feet.  It  is  said 
that  no  timbering  will  be  done  below  that  point  at 
present,  but  that  miners  will  be  put  to  work  pros- 
pecting for  ore  on  the  600  foot  level.  Up  to  this 
dme  tbe  present  owners  of  the  Cerro  Gordo  mines 
have  not  done  any  prospecting,  and  all  ore  taken 
out  since  they  took  possession  of  the  mines  was  by 
tributers.  The  company  has  already  spent  a  good 
deal  of  money  getting  the  mines  in  repair,  and  may 
have  to  spend  much  more   before  any  profit   is  left. 

Borax. — The  borax  teams  are  again  on  the  road 
hauling  irom  Conn  &  Trudo's  works  in  Saline  valley 
to  Alvord.  The  first  trip  after  the  recent  storms 
two  or  three  wagons  broke  down  on  the  way,  but 
the  roads  are  now  in  good  condition  and  there  will 
be  no  more  interruption  from  that  c^iuse. 

S\L.VAm\.— Register,  March  6:  It  is  much  to  be 
hoped  the  Big  Piners  will  succeed  in  the  move  else- 
where mentioned,  to  open  up  a  practicable  and 
much  shorter  wagon  road  across  the  Inyos  to  Syl- 
vania  district.  The  big  silver-lead  mines  of  Syl- 
vania  mines  have  gone  into  new  hands,  and  are  to 
be  extensively,  worked.  These  mines  are  believed 
to  be  capable  of  producing  more  silver-lead  bullion, 
consequently  freighting  and  other  business,  than  is 
now  done  by  all  the  rest  of  our  mines  combined. 
The  cost  of  transportation  to  the  railroad  has  been 
almost  the  sole  obstacle  all  these  years  to  the  devel- 
opment of  that  very  promising  district,  ands  in 
short,  that  whole  section.  That  obstacle  still  re- 
mains. This  proposed  road,  if  found  as  good  as 
hoped  for,  will  remove  it. 

Saline  Valley. — Register,  March  6  :  A  vast 
number  of  borax  locations  have  been  made  in  Saline 
valley — in  fact  the  entire  valley  where  the  least 
trace  of  borax  can  be  found  is  under  claim,  and 
many  locations  double  claimed,  from  which  some 
litigation  is  likely  to  arise.  Conn  &  Trudo,  with 
only  one  boiler,  two  or  three  white  men  and  four  or 
five  Indians  doing  the  gathering  and  hauling  of  the 
crude  material,  are  said  to  be  making  about  a  ton 
and  a  half  of  merchantable  borax  each  day,  which 
rate,  we  take  it,  beats  the  record  a  long  ways.  The 
present  market  price  of  this  borax   is  $180   per  ton. 

Doing  Well.— The  Inyo  M,  Co.,  OitJ  Duen- 
weg  in  charge,  now  have  about  230  tons  of  good 
free-milling  gold  ore  on  the  dump  of  one  of.  their 
mines  situated  about  half  a  mile  north  of  the  old 
Casey  mine,  and  with  six  men  take  out  about  ten 
tons  a  week  on  an  average.  The  mine  looks  as  if 
this  output  may  be  kept  up  for  months  to  come. 
The  mill  will  be  started  up  in  two  or  three  weeks. 
Nevada.  • 

Progress  at  THE  1s\kki.q.  — Tidings,  March  7: 
Supt.  Rawhng  of  the  Menlo  property  expects  to 
have  the  pump  in  operation  two  weeks  hence.  The 
Shaft  (Homeward  Bound)  is  270  feet  in  depth  and 
is  filled  with  water  to  within  60  feet  of  the  surface, 
while  further  down  it  is  known  there  is  a  big  cave. 
Considerable  timbering  will  have  to  be  done.  The 
Homeward  Bound  machinery  will  be  employed. 
the  pumping  machinery  being  placed  on  a  new 
foundation,  for  which  the  excavation  has  been 
made.  Thy  bob-pit  has  been  cleaned  out  and  re- 
paired and  other  improvements  accomplished. 

Empire. — The  caving  of  tbe  Empire  drain  tun- 
nel Wednesday  night  resulted  in  forcing  a  large 
quantity  of  water  into  the  shaft.  Thursday  night 
tunnel  was  cleared,  but  another  cave  followed. 
We  understand,  however,  that  this,  too,  has  been 
disposed  of.  There  are  some  400  feet  of  water  in 
the  mine.  The  North  Banner  will  start  up  Monday 
with  a  full  crew.  It  was  necessary  to  divert  two- 
thirds  of  the  water  from  the  Cascade  ditch  Thurs- 
day night  to  save  it  from  being  washed  away.  A 
break  is  reported,  but  it  will  not  interfere  with  the 
supply  of  water. 

Peabody.— Grass  Valley  Union.  March  12;  The 
work  of  pumping  out  the  Peabody  mine  will  be 
commenced  next  Monday,  as  the  season  of  severe 
storms  is  now  considered  to  be  over,  and  water 
power  to  run  the  machinery  is  not  likely  to  be  again 
interrupted. 

A  Fortune  at  Stake.— Grass  Va'ley  Tidings, 
March  12:  The  suit  of  the  Idiho  company  against 
the  Maryland  company  has  excited  no  little  interest. 
It  is  now  assumed  by  plaintiff  that  the  true  line  of 
the  lode  is  400  feet  north  of  the  line  heretofore  es- 
tablished. This  has  for  twenty  years  been  regarded 
as  a  parallel  claim,  upon  which  the  companies  have 
parallel  locations.  Should  it  bs  proved  that  the 
croppings  are  not  those  of  a  parallel  lode,  but  the 
true  course  of  the  Eureka-Idaho  lode  and  the 
boundary  line  fixed  in  accordance,  the  Idaho  com- 
pany will  gain  and  the  Maryland  company  lose  200 
feet  of  ground,  and  it  is  said  that  from  the  appear- 
ance of  the  Idaho  lower  levels  this  ground  is  worth 
a  fortune. 

San  DieKo. 

To  Develop  Coal.— San  Diego  Union,  March 
6:     From  time  to  time  Southern   California  papers 


have  contained  more  or  less  authentic  accounts  of 
the  discovery  of  coal  deposits,  but  in  spite  of  appar- 
ently authoritative  declarations  that  this  or  that  de- 
posit is  to  be  systematically  developed,  nothing 
definite  has  been  accomplished  and  nearly  all  oper- 
ations heretofore  have  been  intermittent  and  unsatis- 
factory. It  is  the  primary  purpose  of  the  exploring 
expedition  of  Colonel  D.  K.  Allen,  now  on  the  Col- 
orado Dtfsert,  to  prospect  for  coal.  Yesterday  an 
old  miner  named  Urguaht  told  a  Unio?i  reporter 
that  he  hnd  been  commissioned  by  some  New  Mex- 
ico parties  to  make  a  careful  inspection  of  the  de- 
posit of  coal  that  is  said  to  lie  at  the  southeastern 
extremity  of  the  San  Jacinto  mountain  range.  The 
New  Mexican  parties  are  said  to  have  been  connect- 
ed with  the  mines  at  Gallup,  N.  M.,  and  to  have 
been  convinced  of  the  value  of  the  deposit  near  the 
San  Jacinto  mountains  through  a  report  that  was 
convejed  to  them  of  the  region  by  a  miner  formerly 
employed  by  them.  Mr.  Howard,  for  a  long  time 
interested  in  large  New  Mexican  and  Arizona  prop- 
erties and  later  in  San  Diego,  is  said  to  be  one  01 
the  parties  who  have  in  view  the  possible  develop- 
ment of  the  Sin  Jacinto  deposit.  The  project,  it 
carried  out,  contemplates  the  building  of  a  short  spur 
road  southward  from  the  Southern  Pacific.  Thi 
Union  does  not  positively  know  whether  the  project 
will  be  carried  out,  but  it  knows  that  the  parties  are, 
or  not  many  months  ago  were,  amply  able  to  put 
such  a  plan  into  successful  operation, 

Sisi:iyou. 

Salmon  River. — Cor.  \xqV2l  Journal:  The  dam- 
age by  high  water  has  been  considerable.  Every 
flume  taking  water  from  the  river  in  this  vicinity  has 
been  divested  of  30  to  40  joints,  and  some  lose  more, 
but  the  sawmills  will  soon  be  in  operation  to  furnish 
lumber  to  repair  dam  iges  as  soon  as  the  snow  dis- 
appears and  danger  of  more  flood  is  over.  Very  lit- 
tle work  is  now  being  performed  in  the  mines,  in 
consequence  of  unfavorable  opportunity  on  account 
of  deep  snow,  but  the  quartz  miners  will  soon  com- 
mence operations  with  good  prospects,  including 
the  Black  Bear. 

Gravel  and  Quartz.— Yreka  Journal,  .March 
7:  The  Portugese  companies,  now  engaged  in 
cleaning  out  and  repairing  the  Big  Ditch,  have  com- 
pleted the  work  from  Forest  House  as  far  as  Green- 
horn, the  cold  weather  of  past  three  or  four  days  re- 
tarding their  progress,  in  c6nsequence  of  freezing 
the  ground  to  make  tough  digging.  The  weather 
being  now  warmer,  they  will  rush  the  work  along 
rapidly,  and  may  be  able  to  start  the  water  through 
it  in  10  days  more,  so  as  to  commence  mining  on 
the  Yreka  Flats  and  at  Hawkinsville.  Tbe  Klamath 
river  miners  d&  not  expect  to  put  in  their  wingdams 
this  season  as  early  as  usual,  as  the  great  amount  of 
snow  to  be  melted  yet  will  keep  the  river  very  high 
for  a  long  time.  The  freshets,  however,  have 
cleaned  out  the  river  of  an  immense  amount  of  tail- 
ings toward  affording  a  better  opportunity  of  get- 
ting down  to  the  pay  chmnels  nmch  easier  than  be- 
fore. The  hydraulic  miners  in  different  parts  of 
the  county  are  fixing  up  their  ditches  and  mining 
apparatus  for  a  long  and  prosperous  season,  in  ad- 
dition to  which  they  will  have  an  abundance  of  wa- 
ter in  some  localities  to  carry  on  ground  sluicing  in 
working  off  the  surface  ground  above,  the  richest 
pay  gravel  lymg  closest  to  bedrock.  The  cold 
weather  of  last  vseek  caused  the  water  supply  to 
freeze  up  in  the  sluices  and  smallest  streams,  but 
these  cool  spells  occasionally  are  no  great  detri- 
ment, as  the  snow  and  ice  will  thus  remain  longer 
to  lengthen  out  the  season  for  good  working.  When 
we  have  continued  rains  and  warm  weather,  the 
snow  fields  go  oft  too  fast,  and  the  water  is  wasted 
to  a  great  extent.  Myron  Carrick  and  Archie  Nich- 
ols, who  have  been  working  a  placer  mine  at  the 
head  of  Spring  Gulch,  on  Yreka  Flats,  lately  discov- 
ered a  stringer  of  quartz  containing  gold  visible  to 
ibe  naked  eye,  and  are  now  following  it  into  the 
Humbug  mountain,  believing  it  will  show  up  a  per- 
manent ledge  or  very  rich  po.keL  The  Black  Jack 
M.  Co.,  now  working  the  upper  end  of  the  Blue 
Lead,  above  Jillson  &  Co.'s  claim,  west  of  Henley. 
are  making  preparations  to  prosecute  work  on  an 
extensive  scale  during  the  comiog  summer.  They 
have  sunk  down  about  75  feet  and  find  very 
rich  gravel,  and  on  reaching  bedrock,  wlil  run 
a  tunnel  from  outside  of  hill  for  drainage  and  work- 
ing of  claim  in  a  more  systeroat'c  manner.  They 
have  a  new  steam  engine  at  Sacramento,  to  be 
shipped  as  soon  as  trains  haul  freight,  which  can  be 
of  good  service  in  working  the  pump  and  hoisting. 
When  the  claim  is  fully  opened  for  work,  they  will 
put  up  a  quartz  mill  to  crush  the  blue  claylike 
gravel,  running  the  gravel  from  both  sides  of  the 
batteries  into  sluices,  as  the  water  has  no  effect  on 
the  gravel  to  dissolve  it. 

Miners  Busy, — Yreka  Journal.  March  12:  We 
hear  good  reports  from  the  dry  diggings  and  mount- 
ain gulches,  where  the  miners  are  all  busy  while  wa- 
ter is  plenty,  in  securing  gold  dust,  this  being  the 
only  good  season  for  them  during  the  past  9  or  10 
years.  As  there  is  considerable  snow  on  the  mount- 
ains to  last  some  time  yet,  they  will  be  able  to  con- 
tinue operations  almost  until  midsummer,  while 
those  on  the  low  flats  will  have  water  enough  to  sup- 
ply sluices  nearly  all  summer.  Ground  sluicing  and 
hydraulic  mining  is  now  being  carried  on  with  the 
greatest  energy  in  many  localities,  by  having  an 
abundance  of  water  to  work  off  the  top  dirt,  leaving 
tbe  rich  bedrock  strata  to  be  run  into  the  sluices 
when  the  water  supply  becomes  lighter.  By  having 
a  flood  of  water  for  the  deadwork  required,  a  great 
saving  of  expense  is  acquired  in  getting  at  the  good 
paying  ground,  which  is  usually  found  nearest  the 
bedrock.  The  miners  on  Little  Humbug  expect  to 
do  big  work  in  mining  during  the  coming  spring 
and  summer,  having  been  unable  to  carry  on  min- 
ing for  two  vears  past  on  account  of  scarcity  of 
water.  The  Klamath  river  miners  will  probably 
not  be  able  to  commence  putting  in  wingdams  and 
machinery  until  late,  owing  the  river  being  high, 
with  prospects  of  continuing  so  until  middle  of 
June,  in  con-equence  of  the  great  amount  of. snow 
still  remaining  in  the  mountain  regions  of  its  exten- 
sive watershed.  The  Warren  quartz-mill  on  Yreka 
Flats  will  be  started  up  again,  as  soon  as  the  weather 
becomes  settled  and  the  roads  fixed  up  for  hauling. 
The  road  to  Greenhorn  is  badly  washed  out,  and 
needs  rebuilding  to  permit  hauling  from  the  ledges 
in  that  section,  and  the  roads  leading  to  other 
ledges  also  need  considerable  repairing.  Myron 
Carrick  and  Archie  Nichols  have  struck  a  rich  quartz 
ledge  in  their  placer  claim  at  head  of  Spring  Gulch, 
on  Yreka  Flats,  a  specimen  of  the  quartz  shown  us 
by  Carrick  containing  a  great  amount  of  gold  visi- 
ble to  the  naked  eye.     They  have  only  just  tapped 


it  and  expect  it  will  widen  out  to  a  first-class  and 
permanent  ledge.  The  Humbug  range  on  west 
side  of  Yreka  undoubtedly  contains  very  rich  quartz 
ledges,  which  are  evidently  feeders  of  the  rich  pio- 
neer diggings  on  Yrtka  Flats  that  paid  so  big  in  the 
'50  period,  and  have  been  worked  over  to  paying  ad- 
vantage since. 

Trinity. 

Dams.— Trinity  Journal,  March  8:  The  high 
water  in  East  Weaver  creek  during  the  past  lew 
days  endangered  the  mining  claim  ol  Hupp  &  Mc- 
Murry  to  such  an  extent  that  they  have  been  putting 
in  dams  to  prevent  the  water  from  breaking  in  and 
filling  up  the  ditch  and  covering  up  things  generally, 
Tuolumne. 

OVi%-'^Oh^iKVL.— Independent,  March  8:  Mr.  JI. 
R,  Molfit  has  been  in  San  Francisco  since  the  first 
of  February  getting  out  the  machinery  for  his  new 
invention,  the  U.xygen  Ore-Roaster,  which  is  ex- 
pected to  revolutionize  the  process  of  working  re- 
bellious ores.  He  expects  to  return  home  by  the 
middle  of  this  month,  when  his  machine  will  be 
completed.  This  is  Mr.  Moflit's  own  invention, 
and  is  all  covered  by  patents.  During  the  past 
year  he  has  constructed  a  small  one  at  the  mine, 
which  proved  a  success,  and  the  new  one  now  be- 
ing finished,  is  of  a  larger  size,  but  will  be  porta-- 
ble.  A  rock-breaker  works  in  connection  with  it 
and  acts  as  a  feeder  also.  The  principle  is  that  06 
a  complete  roast  in  granular  form  of  all  ores  under 
a  great  air-pressure  in  a  confined  chamber  burn- 
ing oxygen.  The  machine  is  automatic  in  its  opera- 
tion, feeding  and  discharging  continuously.  Mr^ 
Moflit  will  have  his  roaster  in  operation  within  twO' 
months,  when  the  owners  of  refractory  ores  will  be 
invited  to  send  in  their  rock  for  trial,  and  at  the 
same  time  inspect  the  operation  of  this  compact 
and  economical  ore- roaster. 

Timely  Assistance.  —  Union-Democrat,  March* 
8:  Last  Monday  n'ght  James  Gerlach  and  Thomas^ 
Jones  came  near  losing  their  lives  in  the  Bonanza 
mine.  They  went  down  the  shaft  too  quickly  after 
a  shot  of  giant  powder,  and  Gerlach  was  overcome 
by  the  fumes.  Jones  had  strength  enough  to  call 
and  attract  the  attention  of  Engineer  Moody,  who 
then  discovered  that  the  lights  ol  the  shaft  were  out. 
He  at  once  descended  the  shaft  and  managed  to  get 
the  men  on  the  skip  and  to  the  surface,  Gerlach 
was  entirely  unconscious  and  Jones  not  much  better. 
It  was  a  narrow  escape  from  what  would  have  been 
certain  death  but  for  Mr.  Moody's  exertions. 

NEVADA. 

Wasboe  District. 
Alta,— Virginia  Enterprise,  March  8:    Crushing 
about  45  tons  of  ore  daily,  and  ore  reserves   looking 
about  the  same  as  last  report. 

iMPERrAL. —West  crosscut  No.  i,  from  the  750 
level  of  the  Imperial,  Is  out  245  feel,  27  feet  being 
added  during  the  week;  (ace  in  low-grade  quartz. 
West  crosscut  No.  2,  from  the  north  drift  on  the 
same  level,  is  out  70  feet,  50  feet  having  been  added 
during  the  week.  The  face  shows  quartz  and  por- 
phyry. West  crosscut  No.  2,  from  the  500  level 
north  drill,  is  being  repaired. 

Confidence  -  Challenge,  —  The  joint  Con- 
fidence-Challenge west  crosscut,  from  the  300  level 
north  drift,  is  out  -206  feet,  17  feet  havmg  been 
added  during  the  week;  face  in  a  mixture  of  quartz 
and  porphyry. 

Yellow  J  acket.— Shipping  about  65  tons  of  ore 
daily  to  the  Brunswick  mill.  Usual  prospecting 
work  reported. 

Belcher. — The  200  level  west  crosscut,  opposite 
the  shaft,  has  been  extended  a  total  length  ol  479 
feet,  and  stopped  in  the  footwall.  Will  commence 
drifting  in  the  ledge  as  soon  as  the  ground  is 
secured. 

Seg.  Belcher. — The  east  crosscut,  100  level, 
has  been  advanced  37  feet  during  the  week;  total 
englh,  305  feet;  face  in  porphyry  with  small  string- 
ers of  quartz  running  through  it. 

Crown  Point.— The  north  drift,  160  level,  \s- 
out  66  feet.  The  face  shows  a  streak  ol  ore  lo 
inches  wide  of  good  grade.  The  various  stopes  are 
looking  and  yielding  about  as  usual.  Shipped  to 
the  mill  during  the  week,  664  tons  of  ore;  average 
battery  value,  $16.63  P^""  ^oo- 

Justice. — The  622  level  north  drift  advanced  21 
feet;  total  length,  705  feet.     The   stopes  on    the  490 
level  are  looking  well  and  yielding  the  usual  amount 
of  ore.     Shipped  to  the   mill  during  the  week,  198. 
tons  of  ore;  average  battery  assays,  $28.03, 

Chollar. — The  raise  500  feet  north  of  south 
line,  650  level,  is  up  58  feet,  roof  in  quartz  giving 
low  assays.  The  east  crosscut,  80  feet  south  of 
north  line,  750  level,  is  out  25  feet;'  face  in  clay  and 
porphyry.  East  crosscut,  i8j  feet  south  of  north 
line,  750  level,  is  JUt  5  feet;  lace  in  hard  porphyry. 
East  crosscut,  80  feet  south  of  north  line,  850  level, 
is  out  25  feet;  face  in  porphyry.  The  north  lateral 
drift,  930  level,  is  out  515  fpet;  face  in  clay  and  por- 
phyry. Owing  to  the  waterpipe  break,  no  ore  was 
shipped  to  the  mill  the  past  week. 

PoTOSi. — The  east  crosscut,  400  feet  south  of 
north  line,  850  level,  is  out  20  feet;  face  in  por- 
phyry. The  raise  400  feet  south  of  the  shaft,  930 
level,  is  up  41  feet;  roof  in  quartz  assaying  $30  a 
ton. 

Silver  Hill. — The  260  level  northeast  crosscut 
in  the  southwest  drift,  430  feet  from  the  shaft,  ad- 
vanced 20  feet  through  hard  porphyry;  distance 
from  the  shaft,  610  feet.  On  the  160  level  are  re- 
pairing the  northwest  and  southwest  drifts. 

Exchequer. — The  east  crosscut  on  the  north 
line  is  out  128  feet;  face  in  hard  porphyry. 

Alpha. — West  crosscut,  100  teet  north  of=haft. 
500  level,  is  out  485  feet;  face  in  porphyry.  North 
lateral  drift,  600 level,  is  out  155  feet;  face  in  quartz 
and  porphyry. 

Savage. — On  the  300  level  the  south  lateral  drift 
was  advanced  35  feet,  making  its  total  distance  from 
the  main  west  drift  65  feet.  The  north  lateral  drilt 
is  advanced  18  feet.  On  the  400  level  they  are 
sloping  ore  of  fair  grade  ncrih  and  south  from  Ihe 
tnp  of  No.  I  upraise.  Are  extracting  ore  from  the 
400,  500,  600  and  intermediate  levels.  During  the 
week  milled  315  tons  of  ore;  average  battery  assays, 
$22  per  ton,  Bullion  on  hand  and  previously 
shipped  amounts  to  $27,445. 

Hale  &  Norckoss.— The  usual  work  was  in- 
terrupted on  account  of  an  accident  to  the  water 
company's  flume  during  the  week,  and  only  about 
half  the  usual  force  of  men  was  employed.  Have 
extracted  ore  from  the  400,  500,  600  and  1200  levels 
and  milled  569  tons;  average  battery  assay,  $18.43 


Mae.  15,  1890] 


MiNij^G  AND  Scientific  Press. 


183 


On  the  1150  level  a  prospeciinR  drift  has  been  ad- 
vanced west  30  feet.  From  the  north,  drilt,  1250 
level,  a  prospecting  drift  was  advanced  25  feet. 

SajKiiDN,— On  the  130  level  are  making  good 
ptogtc^  cuttioe  oui  a  shalt  station. 

Best  and  Beu  hkr.— On  the  looo  level,  east 
crosscut  No.  1  is  extended  215  feet.  Formation, 
hard  porphyry.  On  the  1200  level  the  north  drilt 
has  been  cle  tned  out  and  repaired  40  feut ;  total  dis- 
tance. 375  feet. 

(;oi'Li>  AND  Curry.— On  the  200  level  from  the 
southwest  diilt.  at  a  point  335  tec!  from  west  cross- 
cut No.  I,  west  crosscut  No.  2  is  advanced  53  feet. 
Formation,  hard  porphyry,  with  streaks  of  quarir. 
On  the  400  level  all  work  for  the  past  week  has  been 
confined  to  repairs. 

Ploclie  District. 

Rich  Strike.  —  Piochc  A'fiorJ.  March  i:  A 
Tich  strike  was  made  last  week  in  the  Last  Chance 
No.  I  mine  owned  by,  Henry  WelUnd  and  John 
Anderson,  situated  in  Highland  district,  and  under 
lease  now  loAlnm  Green  and  two  other  men.  The 
ore  is  very  rich  and  assays  (rom  500  oz.  to  2000 
or.  in  silver.  They  have  uncovered  the  ledge  lor 
about  10  feet  and  it  is  all  ore  and  from  10  to  14 
inches  in  width.  There  are  some  four  or  five  tons 
of  ore  uncovered,  and  from  the  formation  and  in- 
dications they  think  the  ore  will  continue  with  the 
ledge  and  depth.  Two  week^  more  work  will  tell 
whether  they  have  a  vertible  bonanza  or  not, 
TuBcarora  District. 

Nava)o.— No.  3  crosscut  from  south  drift,  150 
foot  level,  extended  22  feci.  No.  2  crosscut  from 
south  drift.  350  foot  level,  extended  22  feel;  face  is 
getting  harder. 

Beli.k  Isle.— The  crosscut  (rom  250  fool  level 
extended  22  leet,  face  looking  favorable.  Crosscut 
from  350  foot  level  extended  11  feet,  cutting  a  large 
vein  giving  low  assays. 

Nevada  Queen.— North  gangway,  from  600  foot 
level  station,  has  been  advanced  26  feet.  Gangway  is 
being  run  on  fooiwalt  side  of  the  ore,  so  as  to  make 
headway  in  getting  to  the  hnc. 

Grand  Pkize.-— 400  foot  level:  North  crosscut 
■from  west  drift  extended  8  feel.  500  lOOt  level  : 
Case  drift  from  north  crosscut  extended  11  feel,  and 
showing  a  two  fool  vein  of  concentrating  and  mill- 
ing ore. 

North  Belle  Isle.— South  drift  from  station 
erosEcut,  300  foot-  level,  extended  7  feet.  The  slopes 
above  the  300  fool  level  arewilhoui  material  change. 
■  North  gangway  from  the  shalt,  600  fool  level,  ad- 
vanced 26  teei  in  the  footwall  rock  and  parallel  to 
the  ledge,  thu5  making  better  progress  and  avoiding 
timbering.  The  ore  where  broken  is  found  to  be  of 
high  grade. 

Del  Monte.— ist  level :  North  drift  from  No.  2, 
crosscut  has  been  advanced  14  feet.  The  ore  has 
raised  up  over  the  drifL  North  drift  from  joint 
crosscut  has  been  extended  10  feet  and  continues  to 
expose  high  grade  ore. 

NoKTH  COMMONWEALTH.— ist  level :  South  drift 
from  joint  crosscut  haa  been  advanced  13  feet,  devel- 
oping 3  feel  of  rich  ore,  and  improving  as  drift  is  ad- 
vanced. Have  started  No.  2  north  drilt  to  open  up 
ore  cut  by  No.  i  crosscut,  in  seven  feet,  showing 
some  gnod  ore.  North  intermediate  drilt  from  No. 
I  upraise  extended  7  feet.  North  face  of  drift  is  all 
in  ore,  very  high  grade,  assay  from  $200  to  $800  per 
ton.  South  face  is  all  ore  but  not  so  good  average, 
but  shows  high  grade  mixed  through  the  face.  2d 
level  :  Joint  crosscut  east  extended  20  feet.  A  joint 
crosscut  with  Commonwealth  will  be  started  the  loth. 
This  crosscut  will  open  up  the  ground  adjoining  the 
Commonwealth  on  the  south  line  of  the  claim. 

Commonwealth. — ist  level:  East  drift  from 
No.  I  north  drift  extended  16  feet,  following  ihe  ore, 
which  is  developing  well.  North  drift  from  No.  5' 
chute  extended  17  feet,  and  is  within  8  feet  of  North 
Commonwealth  line.  As  soon  as  it  reaches  the  line 
a  joint  crosscut  will  be  started  to  open  up  all  this 
north  end.  The  ist,  2d  and  3d  level  slopes  are 
yielding  usual  quantity  of  ore;  979  cars  of  ore 
hoisted  and  sent  to  the  mill  and  concentrator. 
Average  battery  assay  at  mill,  $251  36  per  ton  ; 
average  assay  at  concentrator,  $18  32  per  ton.  Ship 
to-day  $18,000;  total  for  week,  $35,021  Qi.  Mill 
is  running  and  doing  good  work. 
Tybo  District. 

Good  Mines.  —  Belmont  Co//ricr,  March  6: 
There  are  olher  mines  in  Tybo  district,  Nye  county, 
besides  the  2-G  and  the  Dimick  which  are  known 
to  be  valuable. properties,  and  which,  in  the  course  of 
time,will  make  a  stir  in  mining  circles.  Judge  George 
Turin,  the  Gilmore  Brothers,  L.  B.  Fairbank  and 
others  are  owners  of  good  mines,  situated  in  that 
district.  As  soon  as  Congress  remonetizes  silver, 
these  properties  will  be  developed  in  a  thorough 
and  •systematic  manner,  and  ihey  will  undoubtedly 
yield  immense  quantities  of  rich  ore.  The  people 
of  Tybo  will  enjoy  lively  times  again. 


Beak  Gulch.  —  Spearfish  Reporter.  March  4: 
Few  even  of  the  well-informed  persons  of  the  Hills, 
on  mining  n^atters,  are  aware  of  the  wealth  of  re- 
sources in  a  mining  point  of  view,  embraced  in 
Rawhns  mining  district,  more  commonly  spoken 
of  as  Bear  Gulch  district.  One  of  the  richest  placer 
districts  in  the  early  days,  it  is  one  of  the  very  few 
in  the  lilack  Hills  where  placer  mining  has  been 
successfully  carried  on  from  1876  to  the  present 
day.  Practically  all  of  three-fifths  of  the  vast 
amount  of  work  done  on  the  hundreds  of  tin  cl.iims 
in  the  district  has  been  paid  for  with  the  precious 
dusl  taken  from  its  gulches  in  the  most  primitive 
manner,  the  supply  of  water  rarely  being  sufficient 
for  sluicing  except  with  the  aid  of  reservoirs  of 
small  capacity.  Many,  even  among  old-timers,  are 
not  aware  that  there  are  extensive  ledges  of  gold 
ore  scattered  ihroughoat  the  district,  m;iny  of  them 
free  milling,  and  assaying  from  $3  to  $7  per  ton, 
or  relatively  richer  than  Ihe  ores  worked  to  a  good 
profit  by  the  Homestakp  Co.,  but  such  is  a  fact, 
nevertheless.  The  Bear  Gulch  gold  ledges,  trace- 
able for  miles,  are  lying  neglected  for  lack  of  mill- 
ing facilities,  awaiting  the  time  when  cheaper  trans- 
portation and  the  advent  of  outside  capital  with 
large  mills  can  render  ihem  paying  properties.  Re- 
fractory gold  ores  are  also  known  to  exist  in  vast 
quantities  within  the  limits  of  the  district,  in  a  belt 
extending  from  Iron  creek  westward  some  five  or 
six  miles  to  Mallory  gulch,  on  the  Wyoming  side, 
and.  so  far  as  superficially  prospected,  running 
north  from  Beartown  some  fnur  miles,  and  south 
six  or  seven  miles  to  and  beyond  Cement  hill.     Sil- 


ver ore  in  almost  all  its  known  varieties  is  known 
to  exist  in  nearly  all  parts  of  the  district,  yet.  strange 
to  say.  little  prospecting  has  been  done  (or  it.  The 
tin  belt  covers  a  known  area  of  over  30  square 
miles,  the  rich  ore  in  many  places  being  exposed  with 
great  wide  faces,  where  it  can  be  quarried  for  years. 
The  great  abundance  and  rare  richness  of  these 
tin  deposits  has  overshadowed  the  presence  of  the 
more  precious  metals,  and  caused  the  neglect  of 
prospecting  for  them,  the  miners  deeming  that  tin 
property  would  meet  with  more  ready  sale,  and 
that,  with  the  money  realized  from  their  tin  claims 
they  could  better  develop  the  others,  and  keepmg 
to  themselves,  as  far  as  )>ossible,  their  knowledge 
of  the  latter.  IVof.  Chase,  now  located  at  Kedfield, 
South  Dakota,  while  he  was  superintendent  of  the 
Cleveland  Tin  Co.  in  i£86  and  1887,  took  a  ?reat 
interest  in  the  mineralogy  of  the  country,  unhesi- 
tatingly pronounced  Bear  Gulch  the  most  won- 
derful mineral  district  he  had  ever  been  in,  its 
metals  covering  a  larger  range  and  occurring  in 
large  bodies,  giving  it  a  wealth  of  mineral  resources 
rarely  met  with  in  the  same  area. 

ARIZONA. 

The  Buk!-alo  Mine.— Glob**  Silver  Belt,  March 
6:  Dr.  A.  Trippifl  arrived  on  Wednesday  evening, 
un  business  connected  with  the  Buffalo  copper 
mine.  From  him  we  learn  that  the  inieniion  of  the 
owners  of  that  properly  is  to  prospect  the  mine, 
and  if  developments  justify  it,  enlarge  operations 
and  begin  smelting.  Work  in  the  mine  is  to  com- 
mence at  once  with  a  force  of  10  or  12  men.  Per- 
sons best  qualified  to  express  an  opinion  believe 
that  the  Buffalo  is  one  of  the  very  best  copper  prop- 
erties in  Globe  district,  or.  for  that  matter,  in  Ari- 
zona, and  in  time,  under  wise  management,  will  be- 
come a  steady  producer.  Dr.  Trippel's  attention, 
for  the  next  few  months  at  least,  will  be  chii  (ly  oc- 
cupied in  direciing operations  ai  theArivaipa  mines, 
four  miles  north  of  Dunlap,  Graham  county,  re- 
cently purchased  by  Mr.  Goddard  of  New  York, 
and  to  be  operated  by  the  Arivaipa  M.  Co.  The 
claims,  32  in  number,  are  considered  promising 
prospects.  The  ore^  are  argentiferous  and  the  de- 
posit^ very  large.  A  great  deal  of  preliminary  work 
must  be  done,  such  as  constructing  roads,  erecting 
buildings  and  providing  ihe  necessary  equipment  of 
machinery,  tools,  etc.,  before  mining  is  actually  be- 
gun, which,  however,  will  not  be  later  than  a  month 
hence.  Dr.  Trippel,  after  personal  observation  and 
from  information  obtained  from  well-pnsted  mining 
men  encountered  in  his  travels,  expresses  the  opin- 
ion that  Globe  is  the  most  promising  copper  camp 
in  Arizona. 

COLORADO. 

St.  Kevin.— Leadville  Herald-Democrat,  March 
6:  The  new  shaft  of  the  St.  Kevin  mine  at  Lead- 
ville  is  now  down  about  230  feet,  and  it  is  estimated 
that  a  further  sinking  of  about  90  feet  will  bring 
them  into  the  chute  caught  on  the  drifting  at  the 
bottom  of-  the  winze  from  the  400-foot  level  of  the 
old  workings,  This  chute  is  already  proven  to  be  a 
good  one.  and  the  connection  once  made  between 
these  workings  and  the  new  shaft  will  greatly  facili- 
tate the  handling  of  the  ore,  and  also  tend  to  de- 
velop a  comparatively  new  territorv.  The  mill  on 
this  property,while  running  with  only  10  stun ps  drop- 
ping, is  handling  about  40  tons  of  "  mill  dirt"  per 
day,  and  is  doing  such  good  work  that  the  concen- 
trates are  running  higher  than  ever  before.  The 
other  10  stamps  are  not  run  at  present,  as  ihe  wa- 
ter supply  from  the  gulch  is  rather  precarious,  and 
as  it  might  freeze  on  them,  the  management  prefer 
to  be  able  to  count  upon  a  given  supply  than  to 
take  any  chances.  Several  small  stringers  of  ore 
have  been  met  with  in  this  shaft  in  the  sinking,  but 
as  the  purpose  has  been  to  sink  this  shaft  to  the  old 
mineral  contact,  very  little  attention  has  been  paid 
to  them.  Later,  they  maybe  followed  and  pros- 
pected, but  at  present  the  prevalent  idea  is  to  get 
down  to  the  main  vein  and  make  the  conneciions 
by  which  the  shipment  of  ore  from  that  point  may 
be  facilitated. 

Another  Potosi  Strike.— SupL  Carroll  of  the 
Potosi  mine  arrived  in  Denver  yesterday  morning. 
He  had  specimens  of  rich  ore  and  a  pleasant  smile. 
On  last  Thursday  the  men  at  work  on  the  property 
came  into  an  ore  streak  that  indicates  no  little  rich- 
ness. An  assay  was  made  which  resulted  in  the 
gratifying  report  of  $40  to  $60  per  ton  on  different 
pieces  taken  without  special  care,  he  says.  The 
average  of  the  ore  is  $490  per  ton.  This  is  the  sec- 
ond strike  in  this  property  in  a  month,  and  seems 
to  indicate  that  the  deeper  the  men  go  the  better 
ore  they  get. 

IDAHO. 

From  Smokey.— Wood  River  Times,  March  5: 
N.  E.  Heckeihorn  is  in  from  Smokey.  He  says  the 
King  of  the  West  has  yielded  more  than  expenses 
all  winter,  but  no  strike  has  been  made  in  the  mine 
recently,  and  any  announcement  of  ore  is  premature. 
The  miners  are,  however,  working  to  gel  under  an 
ore  chute — a  point  which  they  exp,e:;l  to  make  in 
about  two  weeks— when  they  will  piobably  cut  into 
ore.  The  property  has  excellent  prospects  of  becom 
ing  a  mine.  Before  leav.ng,  Mr.  Heckeihorn  heard 
a  report  to  the  effect  that  the  leasers  on  the  Carrie 
Leonard  group  had  over  200  tons  of  ore  out,  with 
more  in  sight.  He  does  not  know  on  what  claim 
this  ore  is  bu  t  believes  it  is  the  Pot  Wrestler. 

The  iGMiO  A.'H.—  Statesiiia}!,  March  5:  Mr.  A.  J. 
MacGowan  of  Hailey  reports  the  famous  Ida- 
hoan  mine  in  a  very  promising  condition,  eight  feet 
of  good  ore  having  been  found  on  the  8oo-faot  level 
which  is  evidently  continuous  with  a  simitar  ore  vein 
on  the  600-foot  level,  thus  bringing  virtually  in  sight 
a  strong  vein  of  200  feet  perpendicular  and  of  un- 
known extent  along  the  length  of  the  claim.  These 
developments  fully  warrant  the  management  in 
claiming  an  ore  body  in  sight,  the  value  of  which  at 
the  lowest  estimate  cannot  be  less  than  $200,000. ' 
The  town  of  Hailey  is  already  feeling  the  impulse  of 
this  and  other  recent  developments  and  discoveries 
in  the  increased  confidence  of  business  men  and 
miners. 

LOWER    CALIFORNIA. 

Alamo. — The  reason  Mr.  Kerr's  Wiswell  quartz 
mill  did  not  arrive  on  the  Newbern  last  month  was 
because  the  roads  from  here  to  Alamo  were  in  such 
poor  condition  that  it  could  not  then  have  been  tak- 


en to  the  mines,  and  Mr.  Kerr  purposely  delayed  its 
arrival.  The  roads  are  now  in  good  order  and  the 
mill  will  be  ready  for  work  in  Alamo  by  Aprif  ist. 
I'he  engine  is  16x^4  inches,  o\  6o-hor  c-power.  and  is 
capable  of  running  lour  Wiswetl  mills  with  a  Gales 
rock-crusher  attached.  Mr.  Kerr  stales  that  anoth- 
er Wiswell  mill  is  to  arrive  on  next  month's  Newbern 
and  both  mills  will  be  erected  on  thtj  Jeff.  Davis 
claim  in  .Alamo,  just  below  the  Company's  mill  on 
he  s.uiie  side  ol  the  cieek.  One  mil!  will  be  used 
exclusively  to  crush  ore  from  Mr.  Kerr's  three 
mines,  the  Asbestos.  Jeff.  Davis  and  Americana, 
and  the  oihcr  will  be  open  to  custom  work.  A  Hinkle 
positive  self.'ecder  will  be  attached  lo  the  rock- 
crusher.  Concentrators  will  be  attached  to  the  mill, 
and  patrons  will  get  the  lull  benefit  of  their  ore. 
Mr.  Kerr  says  he  will  make  the  price  of  milling 
within  the  reach  of  mine-owners  with  $to  ore.  J. 
M.  Gonziles  came  in  from  Alamo  on  ttie  Douglas 
stage  last  Monday.  He  has  glowing  reports  of  his 
mine,  the  Aurora.  Thirty-nine  tons  of  its  ore  yield- 
ed S13.80  per  ton,  and  it  was  not  a  picked  lot  either. 
Ex-Gov.  Geo.  Kyerson  has  bought  all  of  O.  P. 
Reed's  interest  in  the  Reed,  Wisconsin,  Dora  Mettel, 
Arabella  and  Hattie  mine?.  The  consideration 
was  $5000  in  gold.  Mr.  Neal  has  bought  a  one- 
tenth  interest  in  the  Arabella,  formerly  owned  by 
Mr.  Hughes,  for  $500.  The  Aurora  is  said  lo  be 
the  only  mine  in  the  camp  that  has  paid  expenses 
from  the  start. 

MONTANA. 

Around  Boulder. — Boulder  A_i;e,  March  5: 
Eight  bars  of  Holler  bullion  came  down  from  Elk- 
horn  the  past  week  for  shipment  East.  Two  hun- 
dred and  eighty-five  quariz  locations  were  made  in 
Jffferson  county  durmg  the  monlh  of  January  last. 
Sinking  has  been  resumed  on  the  iHoosier  Boy, 
formerly  the  Grizzly,  in  the  Bigfoot  district.  A  car 
of  ore  from  the  ItilT  mine,  in  ihe  Willow  Springs 
district,  and  a  car  of  ore  from  the  Elkhorn  Queen 
mine,  near  Elkhorn,  are  b'-ing  loaded  at  the  North- 
ern Pacific  depot  for  shipment  to  Helena.  Messrs. 
Ham  and  Burrows  have  leased  the  Dunstone  mine, 
at  Elkhorn,  for  one  year  and  have  already  begun 
shipping  ore.  The  Bigfoot  mine,  in  the  Biglool 
district,  a  dozen  miles  south  of  Boulder,  was  sold 
by  the  Sheriff  this  week  for  $1650.  the  Holier  Hard- 
ware Co.  of  Helena  being  the  purchaser.  The  Cres- 
cent mine,  in  the  Upper  Babin  country,  has  been 
sold  to  Eisiern  parties,  dnd  immediate  development 
will  envue.  The  outlook  for  the  development  of  the 
many  rich  mines  in  the  Upper  Ba%in  is  very  bright, 
and  the  prospectors  who  have  been  holding  on  to 
their  properties  in  that  section  for  12  or  15  years, 
making  such  developments  as  their  limi'ed  means 
would  allow,  feel  much  encouraged.  The  sale  of 
the  Elkhorn  Mining  Go's,  property  at  Elkhorn  was 
completed  last  week,  Messrs.  A.  M.  Holler,  M.  M. 
Holler,  C.  L.  Vawter,  John  Shober,  and  Mrs.  Janet 
Kinna  being  paid  $532,000  and  probably  some  stock 
in  the  new  company  in  addition. 

Strike  in  the  May  Flower. — It  was  reported 
in  Helena  last  wrek  by  Mr.  Davis  of  the  Little 
BUckfoot  region,  thai  a  good  strike  had  been  made 
on  the  May  Flower  lode,  situated  about  eight  miles 
south  of  Elliston.  The  shall  is  down  100  teet  and  a 
level  110  feel  in  length  has  been  run  along  the  vein, 
which  is  ten  feet  between  walls.  The  ore  encoun- 
tered is  (rom  eight  inches  lo  three  feet  in  width  and 
assays  from  100  to  700  ounces  to  the  ton. 

The  Magnolia  Con.— The  prospect  of  the  Mag- 
nolia is  now  down  152  feet,  and  as  the  company  is 
in  good  shape  it  will  push  the  shaft  to  a  depth  of 
200  feet  and  then  crosscut.  The  capital  has  been 
raiseJ  outside  of  Deer  Lodge,  and  economy  has 
been  used  in  its  e.vpendilure, 

The  Champion  Mill.— A^fw  Northwest,  March 
7:  The  Champion  Consolidated  silver  mill  has 
been  completed.  On  Wednesday  last,  at  the  hour 
of  5  o'clock,  everything  was  in  readiness  lo  start 
the  machinery.  About  60  of  our  ciiizens  had  as- 
sembled at  the  mill  to  see  it  sta'ted  on  its  mission 
of  usefulness.  At  the  proper  moment,  Gussie,  the 
nine-year  old  daughter  of  Mr,  N.  J.  Bielenberg,  the 
president,  touched  Ihe  little  wheel  which  starts  the 
mill,  and  then  all  the  vast  machinery  was  set  in 
motion.  The  mill  is  situated  about  one  mile  south- 
east of  Deer  Lodge.  In  a  few  days  it  will  begin 
work  for  the  company  and  be  run  to  its  full  ca- 
pacity. The  Champion  mill  has  a  crusher  9x15, 
Blake  pattern.  40-inch  dryer,  20  stamps  of  850 
pounds  each,  60-inch  white  Howell  roaster,  8  pans, 
4  settlers,  and  i  clean-up  pan.  The  power  of  the 
mill  is  furnished  by  a  Westinghouse  compound 
engine,  of  nominally  125-horse  power.  This  is  an 
rniirely  new  depaiture  in  furnishing  power  for 
quariz  mills,  as  the  public  has  always  considered 
that  no  complete  mill  could  properly  have  anything 
olher  than  some  make  of  Corhss  engine.  The  wis- 
dom of  the  departure  can  be  very  readily  seen, 
however,  when  the  fact  is  stated  that  among  all  the 
engines  that  are  made  to-day,  the  Westinghnuse 
compound  engine  stands  on  its  actual  guaranteed 
tests  second  to  none  in  point  of  economy. 

WiCKES  ^iNES. — Mining  Review,  March  5:  The 
advent  of  spring  weather  has  infused  more  life  into 
the  mining  industry  about  Wickes  than  has  pre- 
vailed for  the  past  six  months,  and  active  develop- 
ment work  is  now  being  prosecuted  on  many  of 
the  **  claims"  in  that  locaUty.  A  large  number  of 
men  are  at  work  on  the  Gregory  and  Banner 
mines;  the  Sirius  mine  is  undergoing  extensive  de- 
vejopment.  The  Lightning  mine,  adjoining  the 
well-known  Copper  Bell  on  the  west,  is  keeping  a 
small  force  employed  in  opening  up  a  crosscut  to 
strike  the  lead  at  a  depth  of  250  ft  et  below  the  shaft, 
and  many  other  properties  are  being  worked  or  put 
in  shape  for  next  season's  campaign. 

The  Champion.  — Phillipsburg  Mail,  March  8: 
The  engine  and  olher  machinery  for  the  Champion 
mill,  so  long  delayed,  arrived  last  Saturday,  and  is 
now  being  placed,  says  the  Nortlnoest.  Holders  of 
Champion  shares  are  elated,  as  they  have  assurance 
from  the  contractors  that  the  mill  will  be  completed 
and  rt  ady  lo  start  up  by  March  isth.  The  capacity 
of  the  mill  is  30  tons  per  day,  and  if  the  ore  averages 
as  well  as  it  has  so  far,  the  gross  output  will  be  from 
$1200  lo  $1500  per  day.  As  briefly  mentioned  m 
these  columns  last  week,  the  west  drift  has  recently 
opened  out  a  splendid  body  of  high-grade  ore  that 
promises  to  rival  anything  heretofore  discovered  in 
the  mine.  The  Champion's  future  is  no  longer  a 
matter  of  speculation— it  is  one  of  assured  prosperity. 
Anaconda.— i?<:^/'cw,  March  6;  The  mines  of 
the  rich  section  west  of  Anaconda  all  tend  to  pro- 
duce base  ore.     Even  tbe  Southern  Cross  will  be  a 


more  protiuble  mine  if  its  ore  can  be  smelted,  as 
was  shown  by  the  recent  tests  made  at  Butte  and 
East  Helena.  The  Anaconda  smelter  was  con- 
structed with  a  viiw  to  using  it  as  a  custom  plant, 
and  to  these  works  the  base  ore  from  the  Silver 
Lake,  Flint  Creek  and  Black  Pine  districts  will 
naturally  come.  Bt'aring  ihese  facts  in  mind,  it  is 
evident  what  a  tremendous  power  the  Anaconda 
Company  can  e.\crt  in  controlling  the  copper  mar- 
ket. All  estimates  on  the  copper  markets  are  made 
provisional  to  the  amount  of  the  red  metal  produced 
by  the  Anaconda.  Since  the  fire  in  the  mine,  the 
copper  market  has  been  decidedly  buoyant,  and  ac- 
cording to  the  Eastern  estimates  will  remain  so  as 
long  as  the  mine  is  not  operated.  From  this  it  will 
be  seen  that  ihe  .-\naconda  practically  controls  the 
price  of  copper.  Now,  with  large  silver  and  lead 
producing  country  tributary  to  us  and  connected 
with  the  works  by  rail,  the  smelter  could,  in  event 
of  a  iluggish  copper  market,  be  operated  for  silver 
and  lead,  and  change  the  tendency  of  the  market. 
With  a  capacity  of  100,000,000  pounds  of  copper 
per  year,  the  Anaconda  works  possess  a  great  ad- 
vantage over  olher  copper-producing  works,  which, 
as  soon  as  the  Great  Northern  has  rendered  acces- 
sible the  ores  referred  to,  will  result  in  untold  benefit 
lo  the  company  and  lo  our  city. 

NEW  MEXICO. 

The  Rush  to  the  Mogollons.— Southwest 
Sentinel,  March  4:  The  rush  in  the  Mogollon  coun- 
t'y  has  fairly  set  in,  and  the  stages  running  between 
Silver  City  and  Cooney  are  taxed  to  their  utmost  ca- 
pacity to  accommodate  the  number  of  speculators, 
prospectors  and  home-seekers  desiring  lo  reach  the 
new  mining  camps  on  the  Mogollon  range..  Freight- 
ers, too,  are  doing  a  lively  business  transporting 
stores  and  househoid  goods  to  the  new  field  of  min- 
"ng  operations.  Town-sites  are  being  laid  out  and 
several  fine  business  houses  erected,  while  lour  or 
five  new  saloons  already  mark  the  sites  of  the  pros- 
pective cities.  A  newspaper  plant  is  about  to  fol- 
low, to  pubHsh  lo  the  world  the  wonderful  mineral, 
ranch  and  agricultural  possibilities  of  the  little  Cali- 
fornia. The  bulk  of  the  immigration  to  the  new 
field  is,  so  far,  composed  of  the  surplus  population 
of  the  difFtrent  localities  in  this  and  adjoining  coun- 
ties; yet  that  a  steady  immigration  from  the  East 
will  set  in  when  the  diligent  advance  guard  settle 
down  to  business  and  their  newspaper  begins  lo  tell 
of  their  great  accomplishments,  is  easy  enough  to 
believe.  The  rapid  growth  and  development  of  the 
new  El  Dorado  means  great  things  for  this  city,  its 
chief  outlet  and  supply  depot,  and  the  Sentii/el  can 
only  hope  thai  the  fondest  anticipations  of  the  col- 
onists will  be  fully  realized  and  that  the  different 
camps  of  the  Cooney  and  Silver  Creek  district  will 
prove  all  that  is  claimed  for  them.  The  ore  deposits 
are  continuous,  expansive  and  easily  wrought,  and 
the  waste  piles  will  not  out-tower  the  shipping 
dumps  as  is  the  case  in  some  of  the  mining  districts. 

Cave  Creek.— Kingston  Sfuift,  Mar.  8  :  Mr. 
Root  came  to  town  last  Sunday  feeling  elated 
over  his  strike  of  high-grade  ore  on  some  mining 
properties  in  which  he  is  interested  on  Cave  Creek, 
lames  Stuck,  foreman  of  the  Eureka  mine  at  Hills- 
borough, showed  his  pleasant  countenance  on  our 
streets  this  week.  He  reports  the  mining  outlook 
prosperous  in  that  vicinity.  Charley  Fogarty  was  in 
town  from  the  Carpenter  district  this  week  for  sup- 
plies. We  understand  that  Charley  has  a  good 
thing  across  ihe  range.  He  now  has  a  large  body 
of  galena  and  lead  carbonate  ore  exposed  on  a  con- 
tinuous lead  for  600  feet ;  and  one  shaft,  35  feet 
deep,  shows  ore  from  top  to  bottom,  and  improving 
as  it  goes  down. 

Hermosa. — The  Hermosa  district  never  looked 
so  encouraging  as  at  present.  Nearly  all  of  the 
leasers  are  doing  excellently.  The  new  "strike  "  on 
the  lease  of  James  Reed,  McCrellis  and  Harkney  on 
the  Pelican  Company's  ground,  bids  fair  to  eclipse 
the  St.  Charles- Criger  lease  of  three  years  ago  ;  and 
more  remarkable  for  its  depth  of  125  feet  below 
the  shale  contact.  Beebee  lS:  Burk  are  still  sacking 
the  precious  metal  on  their  lease, 

UTAH. 

Eureka.— Eureka  Chief,  March  7  :  Henry  Kohl 
and  Tim  Kelly  have  for  a  number  of  years  been  at 
work  on  the  King  William  group,  on  the  summit  of 
Eureka  hill,  and  were  rewarded  this  week  by  striking 
a  foot  of  ore  which  goes  over  100  ozs.  in  silver,  There 
is  no  doubt  that  the  vein  will  become  larger  and 
that  the  King  William  will  add  another  lo  the  long 
list  of  rich  producers  for  which  Tintic  is  becoming 
famous.  On  the  1000-foot  level  of  the  Mammoth  a 
large  body  of  ore  was  struck  last  week  which  is  worth 
$29  a  pound.  In  other  districts  such  a  strike  would 
set  the  people  wild,  but  rich  finds  are  so  frequent 
that  they  cause  no  excitement  here.  It  is  rumored 
that  a  very  rich  body  of  native  silver  has  been  struck 
in  the  Bullion-Beck. 

Review.— Salt  Lal<e  Tribune,  March  7:  The  re- 
ceipts of  bullion  in  this  city  for  the  two  completed 
months  of  the  present  year,  according  lo  current 
bullion  reports,  excluding  all  ore,  were  as  follows: 

January $243. 892  ^j 

February 95947  60 

Total $439,840  27 

THE  ONTARIO  FOR  TWO  MONTHS. 

Tanuary,  bullion  (ozs  ) 87  751. 2 

January,  ore  sales. S42  445  eg 

February,  bullion  (ozs  ) 77,869  94 

February,  ore  sales $59. 898  32 

THE  DALY  FOR  TWO  MONTHS. 

January,  ore  sales  (no  bullion) $15,610  23 

February,  ore  sales i5.7'S  45 

The  week  has  been  one  of  storms,  cold  and  thaw, 
but  the  movements  of  the  metals  have  been  fair. 
There  has  been  talk  during  the  week  of  organizing 
a  metal  exchange,  but  no  definite  action  has  been 
taken.  The  receipts  in  this  city  for  the  week  were 
to  the  value  of  $136,776.62  in  total,  of  which  570,- 
182.83  was  in  buhion  and  $65,593  79  was  in  ore. 
For  the  previous  week  the  receipts  were  $126,673.75 
in  total,  of  which  $83,834,41  was  in  bulhon  and$34,- 
223.54  was  in  ore.  The  product  of  the  Ontario  lor 
the  week  was  from  ore  sales,  $16,342.73.  The  Daly 
output  for  the  week  was  in  ore  sales,  $10,160.29. 
The  Hanauer  smelter  produced  during  the  week 
bullion  valued  at  $7650.  Ore  receipts  in  this  city 
for  the  week  were  valued  at  $30,559,68  by  Wells, 
Fargo  &  Co.,  $24,670  by  McCornick  &  Co.,  and 
$10,364.11  by  T.  R.  Jones  &  Co. 


184 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Mar.  15,  1890 


n^ECHAJMlGAL  PROGRESa 


How    Invention    Has    Revolntionized 
tlie  Condition  of  Workingmen. 

The  progreaa  of  the  age  ia  shown  as  much  In 
the  advanced  ideas  now  prevalent  among  work- 
ingmen as  in  any  of  the  other  signs  of  the  times. 
Until  quite  recently  the  great  bogbear  of  the 
unekilied  workingmen  has  always  been  the  dis- 
placement of  band  labor  by  machine  labor, which 
they  argue  throws  so  many  men  oat  of  employ- 
ment. The  fact  is  too  often  overlooked  that 
work  is  thus  made  very  much  lees  arduous,  and 
statistics  show  that  in  the  coarse  of  time  the 
number  of  workmen  employed  ia  increased 
rather  than  diminished,  and  there  is  really  no 
loss  of  employment. 

In  view  of  the  antagonism  shown  against  thn 
adoption  of  machines  in  many  branches  of  in- 
dustry even  up  to  quite  a  recent  date,  it  is  in- 
tereatiDg  to  note  the  action  of  the  coal  miners 
of  the  Centrol  States  at  their  recent  meeting  at 
Columbus,  Ohio.  A  resolution  was  passed-  at 
this  meeting  indorsing  the  Shaw  machine  and 
recommending  its  adoption  in  all  the  mines  of 
the  country.  The  use  of  coal-mining  machinery 
is  certainly  very  beneficial  to  those  who  are 
obliged  to  work  in  crathped  positions  when 
mining  by  hand.  The  coal-miners  are  very 
sensible  to  admit  this,  and  their  action  proves 
them  to  be  among  the  most  progressive  of  work- 
ingmen. 

We  append  a  general  summary  of  the  extent 
to  which  invention  has  revolutionized  the  con- 
ditions of  workingmen  : 

In  the  manufacture  of  boots  and  shoes, 
the  work  of  500  operatives  is  now  done 
by  100. 

In  making  brpad-boxea,  three  workers  can 
do  the  work  of  13  box-makers  by   old  methods. 

In  cutting  oat  clothing  and  cloth  caps  with 
dies,  one  worker  does  the  work  of  three  by  old 
methoda. 

In  leather'  manafaotare,  modern  methoda 
have  reduced  the  necessary  number  of  workers 
from  5  to  50  per  cent. 

A  carpet  measuring  and  brushing  machine 
with  one  operator  will  do  the  work  of  15  men 
by  the  old  methods. 

In  the  manufacture  of  flour,  modern  Improve- 
ments save  75  percent  of  the  manual  labor  that 
once  was  necessary. 

In  making  tin  cans,  one  man  and  a  boy  with 
modern  appliances  can  do  the  work  of  10 
workers  by  the  old  proceas. 

By  the  use  of  coal-mining  machines,  160 
miners  can  mine  as  much  coal  in  a  month  as 
500  miners  by  the  old  methods. 

One  boy,  by  machinery  in  tarning  wood- 
work and  materials  for  musical  instruments, 
performa  the  work  of  25  men  by  the  old 
methods. 

The  horse-power  of  steam  used  in  the  United 
States  on  railways,  steamers,  and  in  factories 
and  mines,  was  in  ISSS  12,100,000,  against 
1,610,000  in  1S50. 

In  the  raanutacture  of  brick,  improved  de- 
vices save  one-tenth  of  the  labor,  and  in  the 
manufacture  of  fire-brick  40  per  cent  of  the 
manual  labor  is  displaced. 


all  other  metal-workiug  processes.  The  solid 
wheel  had  its  place  on  elaborate  machines  as  a 
substitute  for  the  steel  tool  usually  employed 
there.  It  oonld  be  used  on  apeoial  machinea  to 
do  more  perfect  work  than  the  steel  tool  and  to 
work  on  harder  substances.  It  could  be  used 
on  general  machines  aa  a  competitor  of  the  file, 
grindstone  and  cold-chisel.  The  solid  emery- 
wheel  was  the  great  metal  remover. 

A  mechanical  professor  had  characterized  the 
grinding  room  as  a  cast-iron  slaughter-house. 
To  do  full  work,  wheels  should  be  put  on 
heavy  machines  and  based  on  substantial  foun 
dations.  The  work  must  be  in  continuous  con- 
tact with  the  wheel.  Being  so,  the  wheel  be- 
came a  rotary  file  which  ran  a  mile  in  a  minute 
and  whose  cutting  points  never  grew  dull.  Un- 
fortunately these  necessary  conditions  were 
often  not  complied  with,  and  only  a  fraction  of 
the  possible  work  was  done.  The  visible  re- 
Bulta  of  a  working  wheel  were  very  misleading 
The  greatest  delusion  was  to  make  durability 
the  standard  of  perfection  in  a  solid  wheel. 
While  it  was  possible  to  have  a  wheel  wear  out 
too  rapidly  for  economy,  yet  very  few  Amer- 
ican wheela  were  too  soft,  the  bulk  being  too 
hard,  and  their  durability  being  more  than 
balanced  by  the  decrease  in  metal  removal. 
These  faota  were  illustrated  by  atattstical 
tables. 

A  brief  sketch  was  given  of  the  abrading  min- 
erals generally  used  in  solid  wheels.  General 
and  special  maohinea  were  described,  a  few 
typical  uses  were  explained,  the  safety  of 
wheels  was  discussed,  some  new  uses  were  al- 
luded to,  and  suggestions  made  as  to  the  proh- 
abl'i  future  development  of  the  industry. 

Various  exhibits  were  made.  One  of  these 
demonstrated  that  in  equal  time  the  wheel  had 
cut  126  times  as  much  as  the  file.  This  was  on 
saw  steel.  In  certain  other  trials  the  wheel 
had  removed  21  times  as  much  cast  iron  as  the 
file  and  34  times  aa  much  as  brass. 

The  power  needed  to  drive  solid  wheela  was 
said  to  be  much  less  than  ia  usually  supposed. 
The  lecturer  claimed  that  this  new  industry 
opened  a  wide  and  interesting  field,  as  yet  little 
explored,  where  both  students  and  expert- 
could  do  good  work.  He  alluded  to  the  great- 
er fascinations  held  out  by  the  problems  in 
transit,  in  bridge-building,  in  electrical  work, 
in  metallurgy,  and  feared  there  might  be  some 
neglect  to  watch  and  improve  the  every-day 
practices  of  the  factory,  mill  and  shop.  Ha 
held  up  the  solid  emery-wheel  bnatnesa  as  one 
example  of  the  possibility  of  elaborating  a  great 
economy  out  of  a  small  industry. 


SeiENTIFie  PF106RESS. 


Characteristics  of  Emery-Wlieels. 

Mr.  T,  Dunkin  Paret,  president  of  the 
American  Tauite  Company,  recently  gave  a 
lecture  before  the  Fianklin  Institute  en  the 
subject  of  "  Emery- Wheels,"  from  which  we 
condense  aa  follows  : 

The  lecturer  referred  to  the  acarcity  of  liter- 
ature on  this  subjsot,  and  then  gave  from  sach 
literature  and  bib  own  knowledge  a  brief  his- 
torical sketch  of  the  industry.  It  was  claimed 
by  a  British  authority  that  the  solid  emery- 
wheel  was  invented  in  1S42  by  an  Eoglishman, 
but  this  same  authority  admits  that  the  Amer- 
icans lead  in  the  industry.  He  claims  for  both 
British  and  American  wheels  superiority  over 
chose  made  on  the  continent  of  -  Earope. 
Emery-wheela  were  broadly  classed  under  three 
heads  :  Those  made  by  some  process  of  vitri- 
faction;  those  which  are  praotioally  artificial 
stones;  and  those  whose  base  is  of  vegetable  or 
animal  origin.  In  the  first  two  classes  were 
inherent  defects,  such  as  brittleness,  hidden 
cracks  and  fiaws,  unequal  tension,  tendency  to 
glaze  or  clog  up  with  metal,  and  (in  some)  the 
tendency  to  deteriorate  on  exposure  to  the  air. 
Preference  was  given  to  the  third  class,  which 
could  be  divided  into  two  aub-classes — those 
which  were  mechanical  mixtures  and  those 
which  were  chemical  compounds  or  unique  sub* 
stances.  As  examples  of  the  latter  he  named 
the  vulcanized  oils  and  gums,  metamorphosed 
woody  fiber  and  tanite.  For  all  kinds  of  solid 
wheela  the  makers  made  strong  claims,  but  as 
yet  these  claims  had  not  been  sustained  or  re- 
fated  by  careful  scientific  investigation.  Such 
iDV6Btie;ation  was  needed  in  order  that  the  com- 
parative value  of  the  different  makes  could  be 
demonstrated,  and  alao  their  value  as  compared 
with  other  tools  and  machinea. 

The  industry  was  young,  and  it  coald  not  be 
expected  to  have  the  fall  development  which 
characteri:^ed  older  ones.  It  was  only  now  that 
the  most  experienced  wheel-makera  were  ready 
to  put  their  industry  on  a  scientific  basis,  and 
now  the  users  had  lott  all  faith  as  to  there  beirg 
any  soience  in  the  businees,  while  they  still  fett 
that  solid  wheels  were  a  nec^eoity. 

There  were  many  mistaken  demands  upon 
the  solid  wheel.  It  was  intended  to  grind  and 
not  to  polish,  and  was  not  meant  to   supersede 


Economy  in  Mannfacturhig  Bolts  and 
Nuts. 

It  is  claimed  by  Americans,  evan,  that  the 
Eoglieh  are  ahead  of  us  in  both  economy  and 
rapidity  in  the  matter  of  turning  out  track 
bolts,  ship  and  bridge  rivets.  Manchester  is 
the  headquarters  of  the  business  and  the  proc- 
ess employed  is  noteworthy  for  economy,  com- 
pleteness and  rapidity  of  production.  The 
rivets  are  made  from  the  scrap-pile  at  one  heat, 
and  tioisbed  for  the  trade  as  follows  :  The  scrap 
iron  is  piled  about  one-half  the  ufusI  size,  and 
puddled  in  the  customary  manner  ;  the  molten 
ball  of  metal  is  passed  through  the  Fqueezsrs, 
then  through  a  train  of  six  sets  of  continuous 
rolla,  each  pair  feeding  into  the  next  and  reduc- 
ing the  diameter  correspondingly,  and  in  order 
to  insure  a  certainty  of  uniformity  in  size,  it 
finally  runs  through  a  set  of  sizing  rolls  and 
then  automatically  conducted  into  a  rivet-form 
ing  machine  where  adjustable  cutters  shear  off 
the  metal  into  proper  length,  reduce  it  to  itb 
proper  shape,  form  the  head,  and  finally  drop 
the  perfect  rivet  into  an  endless  bucket-carry- 
ing chain,  by  which  the  rivets  are  carried  to 
the  packing-room. 

Oae  train  of  rolla  feeds  four  machines,  which 
turn  out  16  tons  of  rivets  in  three  shifts  of  eight 
hours  each. 

Track  and  bolt  nuts  are  forged  by  the  same 
proceca  at  the  rate  of  40  each  minute.  All  are 
made  from  the  billet  at  one  heat.  It  should  be 
remarked,  however,  that  railroad  spikes  are 
made  at  Pittsburg,  Pa.,  by  the  same  class  of 
machinery  (jphich  has  not  been  although  it 
might  be  applied  to  rivets,  etc.)  as  in  England. 
We  condense  the  above  from  a  commurication 
to  the  Western  Manv/acturer,  by  W.  R.  Wil- 
bur, a  bolt  and  nat  manufacturer,  who  attended 
the  Paris  Expoattion,  and  who  appears  to  have 
thoroughly  informed  himself  in  regard  to  his 
particular  line  of  iron  work. 

Mr.  Wilbur,  while  recognizing  tho  superior 
class  of  machinery  employed  by  the  EogUsh  in 
the  forging  of  this  line  of  goods,  eaya  that  our 
mechanics  are  far  ahead  of  our  cousins  in  finish- 
ing and  fitting  up  the  same,  whatever  that  may 
imply  in  regard  to  a  machine  that  turua  out 
the  goods  fully  finished.  He  holds  that  our 
people  are  also  ahead  in  tapping  and  thread- 
cutting,  and  are  without  certain  modern  im- 
provements in  that  direction. 

In  closing  his  communication,  Mr.  Wilbur 
says  :  In  this  line  of  mechanics  I  believe  that 
we  Americans  may  learn  much  from  olos'^  and 
intelligent  study  of  the  methods  of  our  Euro- 
pean co-workers.  In  the  main  we  excel  in 
rapidity  and  cheapness  of  production.  Our  in- 
ventive mechanical  genius  has  been  directed 
toward  these  latter  elements,  with  a  lesser  con- 
sideration for  the  matter  of  quality,  while  on 
the  other  side  quality  has  eeemed  to  be  ever 
the  primal  consideration  and  rapidity  and 
cheapness  rather  incidental.  G-reat  mutual 
good  must  result  from  every  well  improved  op- 
portunity for  oomparifion  of  methoda. 


Extermination  of  American  Game. 

Railroads  and  the  "man  with  the  gun"  are 
proving  too  much  for  game,  large  and  small;  the 
first  making  easily  accessible  what,  not  long 
ago,  was  remote,  almost  trackless,  wilderness 
and  mountain  fastness,  and  the  breech-loading 
gun,  especially  the  magazine  type,  enabling  the 
veriest  tyro  to  find  his  mark.  The  last  link  in 
that  great  chain  of  rails  that  has  been  uncover- 
ing the  haunts  of  hooffd  game  is  the  new  trans- 
continental line,  the  St.  Paul,  Minneapolis  & 
Manitoba  railway,  invading,  aa  it  does,  the 
last  stronghold  of  the  Ricky  mountain  goat, 
mountain  sheep,  elk,  and  woodland  caribou. 
The  wild  country  about  St.  Mary's  lake,  the 
Kootenay  lands,  too,  ia  now  thrown  open  to 
the  sportsman,  cattle -raiser,  miner,  lumber- 
man and  granger.  Happily  in  the  Yellow- 
stone Park  are  collected  some  herds  of  the 
noble  game  once  roaming  the  broad  continent 
in  countless  thousands.  What  remains  is  in 
sad  need  of  protection  from  the  pelt-hunter  and 
the  wanton  slayer. 

In  a  recent  paper,  W.  T.  Horuaday  of  the 
Smithsonian  Inetitution  computes  the  amount 
of  game  now  remaining  and  disousses  the  pros- 
pects of  its  survival.  He  says  the  wildest  trail 
of  the  old  days  ia  now  scarce  a  fortnight's  jour- 
ney from  Broadway,  and  the  hunter  who  was 
formerly  contented  with  a  mere  blunderbuss  of 
a  gun  must  now  have  a  repeating  rifle,  by 
which  he  stirs  up  the  game  with  his  first  shot, 
and  pumps  lead  after  it,  shot  after  shot,  in 
rapid  succeseion  till  he  brings  the  animal  down 
or  sends  it  awav  with  a  mortal  wound. 

Then  the  Western  farmer  generally  kills 
everything  he  sees,  whether  he  needs  it  or  not. 
Mr.  fl'^rnaday  was  once  offered  for  a  dollar 
each,  34  little  epotted  fawn-ekina  from  the 
young  ot  the  mule  deer,  not  one  of  which  came 
from  a  fawn  over  three  weeks  old. 

Practically  apeakiug,  the  American  bison  in 
^is  wild  etate  was  not  long  siooe  extinct. 
E  ghteen  years  ago  there  were  millions  of  them. 
The  elk  will  be  the  next  to  go,  being  easy  to 
kill.  Once  they  spread  over  the  United  States, 
bat  are  now  found  only  in  two  or  three  locali- 
ties in  the  Rocky  mountains. 

The  prong-horned  antelope,  that  picturesque 
creature,  is  "carceiy  good  for  ten  yeara  more 
outside  the  Yellowstone  Park.  He  lives  in  the 
prairies,  open  plains  or  park-like  meadows,  and 
can  be  outwitted  by  the  veriest  bungler  with  a 
good  gun. 

Moose,  since  they  range  up  to  the  arotio  re- 
gions, cannot  be  wiped  out,  but  in  the  United 
States  they  will  scarcely  last  us  20  years,  there 
remaining  not  probably  less  than  150  head. 

The  black -tail,  or  mule  deer,  will  go  long  be- 
fore his  oongener,|the  Virginia  white-tail.  The 
latcer  does  his  own  thinking,  being  keen-eyed 
and  alert,  and  skulking  in  the  thickest  timber, 
will  not,  'u  all  likf'lihood,  ever  be  driven  even 
from  the  E  istern  States.  The  Pi-ocky  mountain 
goat  is  as  good  as  gone  with  ue;  all  his  haunts 
are  known,  and  he  is  being  slaughtered  at 
wholesale.  The  mountain  sheep,  or  big  horn, 
is  sharing  the  same  fate. 

The  ancient  Hudson  Biy  Fur  Company  is 
winding  up  its  atfiirs,  there  being  no  more  fura 
to  be  had,  and  an  old  fur-buyer,  recently  re- 
turned from  the  Northwest,  says  the  business 
of  githering  furs  is  dead.  The  baaver  has  be- 
come scarce,  trappers  now  seeking  the  ouce- 
despised  muskrat  and  even  the  little  gray  rab- 
bit to  make  up  for  the  lack  nf  beaver,  otter, 
mink,  marten  and  sable.  The  Southern  fur  seal 
U  gone;  the  California  elephant  aeal  is  extinct; 
the  walrus  is  rare;  the  great  arctic  sea-cow  is 
gone,  its  congener,  the  manatee,  a  curiosity. 
Bears,  particularly  the  grizzly,  wolves  and 
foxes,  are  fast  going,  and  milliners*  taxidermists 
are  now  slaughtering  the  singing  birds  in  vast 
quantities. 

The  Wonders    of   Human    Mechanism. 

The  movements  of  the  neivcs  and  musclea  in 
playing  a  piece  of  music  are  wonderful.  A 
writer  in  Popular  Science  Monthly  says  he 
once  heard  Mile.  Janotha  olw  a  presto  by 
Mendelssohn,  She  played  5595  notes  in  four 
minutes  and  three  seconds.  Etch  one  of  these 
notes  involved  certain  movements  of  a  finger, 
at  least  two,  and  many  of  them  involved  an  ad- 
ditional movement  laterally  as  well  as  those  up 
and  down.  They  alao  involved  repeated  move- 
ments of  the  wrists,  elbows  and  arms,  alto- 
gether not  less  than  one  movement  for  each 
time.  Therefore  there  were  thpee  distinct  move- 
ments for  each  note.  Aa  there  were  24  notes 
per  second,  and  each  of  these  notes  involved 
three  distinct  muaical  movements,  that 
amounted  to  72  movements  in  each  second. 
Moreover,  each  of  those  notes  was  determined 
by  the  wilt  to  a  chosen  place,  with  a  certain 
force  at  a  certain  time  and  with  a  certain  dura- 
tion; therefore  the'-o  were  four  distinct  quali- 
ties in  each  of  the  72  movements  in  each  sec- 
ond. Such  were  the  transmissions  outward, 
and  all  those  were  conditional  on  consniousneas 
of  the  position  of  each  hand  and  each  finger  be- 
fore it  was  moved,  and  by  moving  it  of  the 
sound  and  the  force  of  each  touch;  therefore 
there  were  three  conacious  aensations  to  every 
note. 

There  were  72  transmissions  per  second,  144 
to  and  fro,  and  those  with  constant  change  uf 
quality;  and  then,  added  to  that,  all  the  time 
the  memory  was  remembering  each  note  in  ita 


dae  time  and  place,  and  was  exercised  in  the 
comparison  of  it  with  others  that  came  before; 
80  that  it  would  be  fair  to  aay  that  there  were 
not  leas  than  200  transmissiona  of  nerve  force 
to  and  from  the  brain  outward  and  inward 
every  aeoond,  and  during  the  whole  of  that 
time  judgment  was  being  exercised  aa  to 
whether  the  musio  was  being  played  better  or 
worse  than  before,  and  the  mind  was  conscioua 
of  some  of  the  motions  which  the  music  was  in- 
tended to  inspire. 


Discovery  of  the  Fossil  Hokse  —Prof.  0. 
C.  Marsh  of  Yale  is  still  on  the  sunny  side  of 
50,  and  a  vigorous,  pushing  man.  Mr.  Marsh 
is  probably  the  best  known  on  the  other  side  of 
the  water  of  all  our  geologists.  He  reoeived 
great  honors  from  foreign  societies  and  govern- 
ments, a  few  years  ago,  on  account  of  his  dis- 
covery of  the  anceatry  of  the  horae,  bringing  up 
his  evolution  from  the  lower  order  of  animals 
to  hia  present  perfect  state.  Hia  discovery 
oame  about  In  this  wise:  Daring  vacation  one 
summer  he  took  a  number  of  Yale  students  on 
a  working  frolic  to  "the  bad  lands,"  in  Ne- 
braska, which  are  regarded  as  the  best  for  ob- 
taining all  aorta  of  fossils  of  any  territory  in  the 
world.  During  this  trip  the  professor  and  his 
party  discovered  a  dried-up  swamp  that  had 
probably  been  a  lake  centuries  ago.  Working- 
men  were  building  a  railroad  through  it  and 
throwing  up  thousands  upon  thousands  of 
strange  bones.  These  the  professor  gathered  up 
in  large  qaantities,  and  before  he  had  finished 
his  examination  of  them  he  had  traced  the  ori- 
gin of  the  horse  six  states  back.  Hia  discovery 
complete,  he  sent  its  results  and  full  specimens 
of  the  bonea  to  difft^rent  scientific  schools  and 
was  greatly  honored  therefor.  Probably  no 
discovery  of  r^oent  times  attracted  so  much  at- 
tention.—iV^.  Y.  Siar. 


A  Fact  Showing  a  Resemblance  Between 
THE  Earth  AND  Mars — The  ourioua  auggea- 
tion  made  by  Mr.  S.  E  Peal  of  Assam,  India, 
in  demonstrating  that  Greenland  is  covered  by 
a  huge  ice-cap,  may  have  unconsciously  solved 
an  interesting  problem  in  aatronomy.  It  has 
long  been  noticed  that  the  polar  oapa  of 
Mars  are  not  diametrically  opposite  the  south- 
ern one,  not  being  centrally  placed  over  the 
axis  of  rotation,  and  it  now  appears  that  a  like 
anomaly  may  exist  on  the  earth.  In  Antarctic 
waters  are  seen  immense  fiat-topped  berga  of 
ice  2000  feet  high  and  several  miles  long,  which 
are  evidently  fragments  broken  from  a  per- 
manent cap  directly  over  the  south  pole;  while 
in  the  Arctic  region  thin  field-ioe  preponder- 
ates and  bears  out  the  assumption  that  the 
north  pole  is  covered  by  a  deep  sea,  quite  free 
from  islands,  in  which  the  ice  finds  no  anchor- 
age and  is  fioating  and  temporary.  Nansen's 
recent  expedition,  therefore,  may  result  in  prov- 
ing that  the  Greenland  continent  underlies  one 
of  the  two  polar  ice-capa  of  the  earth,  and  in 
giving  a  clew  to  the  condition  of  Mars  by 
showing  a  closer  resemblance  to  our  planet  than 
had  been  before  observed. — Brooklyn  Stand- 
ard. 

Unexerted  Genius  — Ganina  without  ex- 
ertion ia  practically  nil.  Emerson  says  : 
**  Genius  unexerted  is  no  more  genius  than  a 
bushel  of  acorns  ia  a  forest  of  oaks.  There 
may  be  epics  in  men's  brains,  juet  aa  there  are 
oaks  in  acorns,  but  the  tree  and  book  must 
come  out  before  we  can  measare  them.  We 
very  naturally  recall  here  that  class  of 
grumblers  and  wishers  who  spend  their  time  in 
longing  to  be  higher  than  they  are,  while  they 
should  be  employed  in  advancing  themselves. 
How  many  men  would  fain  go  to  bed  dunces 
and  wake  up  Solomona  I  You  reap  what  you 
have  sown.  Those  who  sow  dance  seed,  vice 
aeed,  lazineas  seed,  usually  get  a  crop.  They 
that  sow  wind,  reap  a  whirlwind.  A  man  of 
mere  'capacity  undeveloped'  is  only  an  organ- 
ized day  dream,  with  a  skin  on  it.  A  fiint  and 
a  genius  that  will  not  strike  fire  are  no  better 
than  wet  junkwood." 


Is  the  Earth  Growing  Colder  and  Its 
Crust  Thicker? — Tne  Scientific  American 
says  :  There  ia  nothing  positive  aa  evidence  of 
the  prehistoric  condition  of  the  earth  and  its 
cruet.  The  geological  succession  of  the  strata 
forming  the  crust  of  the  earth  suggests  the 
generally  receivpd  theory  of  the  gradual  'cool- 
ing of  a  former  fiaid  globe.  The  volcanic  and 
earthquake  evolutions  apon  its  surface  now  are 
caggestive  of  a  thin  crust  resting  upon  a  heated 
fluid  center.  Daep  borings  and  mines  alao  cor- 
roborate this  view.  Volcanoea  have  become 
active  after  many  years  of  silence,  and  many 
volcanic  cones  and  cratera  are  known  to  have 
been  silent  during  the  historic  period.  Our 
large  lakes  have  probably  become  somewhat 
shallower  from  geological  changes  as  well  as 
from  drainage  deposit  of  silt. 


Movements  of  Salmon.  —  Very  little  ia 
known  ot  the  movements  of  salmon  after  they 
leave  their  spawning-grounds;  but  it  has  recent- 
ly b-^en  noticed  that  many  salmon  of  the  rivera 
of  Finland  contain  copper  hooka  of  peculiar 
form.  It  is  now  known  that  these  hooks  are 
used  in  the  north  of  Germany,  and  that  salmon 
of  the  Finnish  rivers  must  descend  in  winter 
to  the  Baltic  coasts  of  Germany. 


Temperature  of  the  Moon. — The  most  re- 
cent reaejrohes  of  Prof.  S.  P.  Lmgley  indicate 
that  the  mean  temperature  of  thf>  sunlit  luDar 
soil  is  probably  not  greater  than  32°, 


Mar.  16,  1890.J 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


185 


GiOOD  HEj^LTH. 
Keeping  flealtby. 


It  ia  aD  old  Bftyiog  thiit  an  ounce  of  preven- 
tion is  worth  »  pound  of  oure.  Inepired  by 
tbia  idea,  a  kind  frieDd,  tbe  other  day,  sent  na 
a  cleverly  written  little  book  on  the  art  of  keep- 
ing beaUby.  Tbe  author  Beems  to  think  that 
in  tbe  aboence  of  accidents  nothing  ie  easier 
than  reaching  the  port  of  a  good  old  age,  "a 
cooaummation  devoutly  to  be  wished. "  He 
tella  us  what  to  eat,  drink,  and  avoid;  how  to 
chew  our  food,  when  to  go  to  bed,  when  to 
get  up,  what  tihould  be  the  proper  temperature 
of  our  bath,  how  often  we  ehoald  wash  oat 
feet,  how  much  exercise  we  should  take,  and 
when  to  take  it,  and  what  we  should  wear  next 
tbe  skin  in  summer  or  winter.  Id  ehort  there 
is  nothing  from  the  braehiog  of  the  teeth  in 
the  morning  to  tbe  blowing  out  of  the  light  in 
the  evening  that  may  not  be  learned  from  this 
little  manual  of  health. 

There  is  no  branch  of  literatnre  in  our  day 
in  which  the  activity  is  so  great  as  that  devot 
ed  to  the  art  of  keeping  wt\l.  The  press  teen  s 
with  buch  books  and  the  monthlies  and  period- 
icals come  laden  with  eaggeations  on  the  sub- 
j;ot.  The  abundant  supply  of  this  sort  of  lit- 
eratare  must  indicate  a  correspoadini^  demand, 
and  no  doubt  many  aro  greatly  beneBted  there- 
by. But  bow  far  this  benefit  extends  may  be 
a  question  worth  considering.  It  is  certain 
that  if  any  one  expects  that  this  attention  to 
the  art  of  prt^vention  will  become  so  general 
and  intelligently  understood  as  greatly  to  super- 
sede  tbe  need  of  the  fa  i>lty  doctor,  he  indulgca 
in  a  vain  hope.  This  sort  of  literature  is  rarely 
perused  by  the  class  it  is  iotonded  tor.  People 
ia  good  health  care  little  for  it.  Their  physi- 
cal mechanism  rans  so  easily  they  hardly  feel 
they  have  a  body.  It  ia  only  when  good  health 
ia  lost  that  it  is  appreciated,  and  then  preven- 
tion is  too  late. 

And  then  may  not  the  promiecuona  consulta- 
tion of  auch  elementary  guides  to  health, tend 
to  create  a  morbid  solicitude  that  may  often 
end  in  coctirmed  bypoohondria?  It  is  very 
easy  for  some  people  to  imagine  they  have  the 
dyspepsia  one  day,  a  tapaworm  the  next,  and 
fiaally  conclude  that  it  is  hepatized  liver  or  a 
severe  attack  of  Bright's  disease,  when  really 
nothing  serious  is  the  matter  with  them.  More 
than  half  the  success  of  mental  healing  or  the 
faith  cure  comes  of  this  hind  of  morbid  imag- 
ination. Then  the  minute  simplicity  of  the  di- 
rections for  pr(  venting  or  curing  disease  may 
load  many,  puSed  up  with  a  little  smattering  of 
knowledge,  to  think  they  can  dispense  with 
the  aid  of  a  doctor,  and  by  delay  and  tamper- 
ing with  remedies  greatly  imperil  their  chance 
of  recovery.  Have  we  not  all  known  juat'such 
oases?  Have  we  not  known  many  wno  oould 
have  been  cured  or  at  least  greatly  benefited  if 
they  had  sent  for  an  experienced  practitioner 
in  time  ?  We  have  not  the  least  doubt  that 
many  canes  of  mortality  are  directly  chargeable 
to  the  family  doctor-book. 

Tnen  akin  to  this  sort  of  literature  is  the 
very  kind  and  amiable  feeling  that  prompts  so 
many  *--n  offer  advice  to  the  aiok  or  complain- 
iog.  With  the  best  motives  in  the  world  they 
tell  us  bow  they  or  some  friend  in  a  similar 
condition  found  relief  in  a  certain  kind  of  diet, 
decoction  or  drug.  They  are  sure  it  would 
benefit  ns  if  we  gave  it  a  fair  trial.  Bat  such 
people  forget  that  what  ia  beneficial  to  one 
may  prove  hnrtfol  to  another;  that  there  are 
no  fixed  rnlee  in  mattera  of  health,  and  each 
one  must  largely  be  a  law  unto  himself.  One 
may  find  watermelons,  cucumbers  and  plcklea 
absolutely  refreshing,  while  another  finds  tbem 
deadly  poison.  One  finds  a  oup  of  tea  late  in 
the  evening  promotive  of  a  good  night's  rest, 
while  it;  would  keep  another  wakeful  and  rest- 
less. Oae  man  may  eat  a  big  piece  of  mince 
pie  with  a  glasa  of  older  and  go  to  bed  and 
sleep  soundly,  while  another  who  tries  it 
dreims  that  the  devil  came  and  sat  cross* 
If^gged  upon  his  stomach,  holding  the  Bunker 
Hilt  monument  in  his  lap.  There  are  some 
who  fiod  a  light  breakfast  the  best  preparation 
for  a  good  day's  work  and  a  sure  cure  for 
rheumatism  ;  others  find  a  hearty  breakfast  in- 
dispensable to  any  activity,  menial  or  physical, 
and  the  only  safeguard  against  dyspepsia.  Oae 
onnot  drink  ooffee  ;  another  finds  it  essential. 
E^rly  rising  clears  one  man's  brain  ;  it  makes 
aaother  stupid  and  incapable  all  day.  One 
finds  a  daily  cold  bitb  the  making  of  him;  an- 
other tries  it  and  declares  it  nearly  killed  him. 
Oae  needa  two  hours'  daily  exercise  for  any  ef- 
fective brain  work;  another  finds  the  less  he  takes 
the  better  he  thinks.  So  it  is  about  blankets, 
woolen  underclothes,  and  about  every  habit, 
article  of  diet  or  drug;  that,  in  short,  ,what  is 
one  man's  food  is  another  man's  poison;  that 
in  all  matters  of  health  there  is  no  absolute 
standard;  that,  owing  to  aome  inscrutable  pe- 
caliarity  of  individual  conatitntion,  there  are 
almost  aa  many'requirementa  ae  there  are  per- 
sons and  tastes,  and  each  one  to  a  great  extent 
must  find  out  for  himself  what  agrees  with 
him, 

T^E  Garter  no  Soorce  of  Disease.-— Con- 
trary to  the  general  idea,  the  garter  in  not,  as 
a  rule,  °  source  of  disease.  The  Medical  Record 
says  :  Varicrse  vfina  occur  oftener  in  men  than 
in  women,  and  proportionately  oftener  in  ath- 
letes and  men  trained  to  severe  pxertioo.  There 
are  many  things,  infleed,  which,  cause  them, 
,and  artificial  constriction  of  the  limbs  feema  to 
be  a  very  remote  and  rare  factor.    In  England 


wo  are  told  that  the  demand  for  "antivarioose" 
stockings  is  chiefly  made  by  fuU'fed  men  who 
lead  sedentary  lives  and  drink  more  wine  than 
is  good  for  them.  A  wearer  of  the  anti-varicose 
stockirg  feels  worse  after  a  series  of  dinner 
parties,  when  the  tempting  varieties  of  the 
menu  lead  him  to  indulge  too  freely  in  the 
ple&bures  of  the  palate.  Ohvioasly,  no 
very  bad  case  can  be  made  out  against 
tbe  garter,  provided  it  is  a  good  garter, 
combining  the  maximum  of  tupport  with 
the  minimum  of  constriction,  blending  bar 
monionsly  with  the  bos'ery  and  the  circula- 
tion. Tbe  garter  has  come  to  stay  ;  and  the 
doctor  bad  better  presorlbe  a  proper  kind  than 
pieaoh  its  abolition. 


Useful  1nforjmatio,\, 


Soap-Bubbles. 

The  making  of  soap-bubbles  is  an  interesting 
employment  of  the  philosopher  as  well  as  of  the 
ohild.  Tbe  former  fiods  much  in  the  way  of 
soienti6o  interest  attached  to  the  operation, 
while  the  latter  ia  generally  absorbed  in  tbe 
matter  aa  a  pure  piece  of  amuaement.  How  to 
make  the  largest  kind  is  told  as  follows  : 

Next  to  white  castile,  the  mottled  caatlle 
gives  the  best  results.  The  soap  being  ob- 
tainpd,  a  friendly  druggist  must  oarefuly  weigh 
out  GO  grains  (For  exactnesa  in  proportions  is 
needlul)  for  each  ounce  of  water — that  is,  one 
drachm  (according  to  the  apothecary's  weight 
of  the  old  arithmeticf),  and  when  the  weighing 
ia  done  and  the  obliging  druggist  thanked  for 
his  kindness,  the  rest  is  plain  sailing,  A  bottle 
with  a  sound  cork  is  the  next  nquirement.  It 
must  be  large  enough  to  huld  three  or  four 
times  the  quantity  of  solution  you  wish  to 
make.  Do  not  prepare  too  much  at  one  time; 
two  ounces  of  soap  solution  will  be  a  good 
quantity,  and  for  this  a  six  or  eight  ounce 
bottle  will  be  the  right  thing.  The  bottle  must 
be  well  cleaned  and  then  thoronghly  rinaed  out 
with  soft  water — which,  by  the  way,  should  be 
used  for  all  the  operations. 

All  being  ready,  the  soap  is  cnt  into  frag- 
ments email  enough  to  enter  the  bottle.  Meas- 
ure an  ounce  of  water  for  each  drachm  of  soap; 
this  can  be  done  with  a  teaapoon,  eight  spoon 
fuls  making  an  ounce.  Having  poured  the 
water  and  put  the  soap  into  the  bottle,  we 
have  now  to  await  perfect  solution,  which  will 
happen  in  the  course  of  two  or  three  hours  if 
the  bottle  be  put  in  a  moderately  warm  place- 
Then  add  glycerine  to  the  aoap  solution,  the 
quantity  varying  with  our  ambition.  I  have 
lound  that  one-half  the  volume  of  the  aolution 
gives  excellent  results;  that  is  to  say,  to  each 
ounce  of  water  add  one-half  ounce  of  glycerine, 
measuring  the  quantities  instead  of  weighing 
them  in  both  oases.  The  bottle  ia  now  to  be 
tightly  corked  and  well  shaken;  then  set  aside 
for  two  or  three  hours  more,  and  well  shaken 
again.  Theae  alternate  periods  of  rest  and  agi- 
tation should  continue  for  a  whole  -day. 
FiuBlly,  conoludea  Thomas  W.  Chittenden  in 
St.  Nicholas^  let  the  bottle  stand  undisturbed 
and  tightly  corked  for  24  houra.  Babbles  of 
great  size  and  beauty  may  be  blown  with  this 
solution. 

The  "Accident"  of  Discovery. 

Usually  important  discoveries  are  the  result 
of  the  expenditure  of  much  skill  and  labor;  but 
it  is  quitn  often  the  result  of  the  merest  "acci- 
-lent."  Nearly  every  one  ia  familiar  with 
Goodyear's  discovery  of  vulcanizing  rubber, 
also  the  late  discovery  of  saccharine;  but  the 
particular  object  of  this  paragraph  was  a  refer- 
ence to  the  accident  which  led  to  the  di°oovery 
of  gun-cotton,  which,  according  to  the  Western 
Druggist,  from  which  we  copy,  baa  nevtr  be 
fore  found  its  way  into  print.  That  paper 
says: 

In  1846,  Boettger  and  Schoenbein  had  a 
laboratory  in  Frankfurt,  Germany,  whore  they 
also  gave  instruction  in  chemistry.  They  re- 
sided with  their  families  in  the  building  where 
the  laboratory  was  located,  and  Mrs.  Schoen- 
bein, being  a  vary  economical  lady,  would 
"gather  in"  any  odd  material  found  lying 
about  the  laboratory.  It  so  happened  one 
morning  that  a  lot  of  oakum,  used  in  wiping  ofi 
dishes  similarly  to  the  present  use  of  savvdust, 
was  found  by  the  frugal  wife,  who  directed  a 
domestic  to  wash  it  and  spin  it  at  night  as 
''recreation"  after  a  hard  day's  work.  This 
young  person  by  some  accident  fell  into  the 
embrace  of  Morpheus,  and  Mrs.  Schoenbein 
awakening  late  at  night  and  hnding  the  light 
burniog,  rushed  into  the  room  with  a  candle  in 
her  hand  to  pee  what  was  the  matter.  In 
bringing  the  flame  a  little  too  close  to  the 
oabum  on  the  epinning-wheel,  a  terrific  explo- 
sion took  place,  and  persons  appearing  upon 
the  scene  found  both  mistress  and  servant  in  a 
fainting  condition.  Upon  investigating  the 
cause  next  morning,  it  occurred  to  Schoenbein 
that  the  oakum  had  been  used  to  olean  a  large 
dish  containing  sulphuric  acid  and  potaseium 
nitrate  need  in  illuBtrating  an  experiment.  The 
acids  had  converted  the  impure  cellulose  oakum 
into  pyroxylin. 

Modern  Battle-Ships.  — It  is  said  that 
nearly  all  the  first  class  battle-ships  of  the 
British  navy  are  praotieally  in  a  disabled  con- 
dition, and  the  Admiralty  dare  not  send  one  of 
them  to  carry  the  flag  of  the  Commander-in- 
Chief  to  the  Mediterranean. 


i^LECTPjeiTY. 
Electricity  and  Legifilation. 

Gov.  Campbell  of  Ohio,  in  his  recent  Inaugu- 
ral address  to  tbe  Legislature  of  that  State, 
says:  *'The  duty  of  investigating  the  gene- 
ration and  distributing  electric  currents  is  one 
which  presses  upon  you.  Tbe  invest'gation 
should  be  prompt  and  thorough,  •  •  •  ^nd 
auch  action  taken  as  may,  in  your  judgment^ 
throttle  this  evil  in  its  infancy."  Tne  evil  re- 
ferred to  is,  of  course,  the  dangers  which 
arise  from  defective  wires. 

The  Governor  seems  foclined  to  put  npon  the 
Legislature  a  somewhat  difficult  task  for  such 
a  body.  The  average  State  legUlator  would 
find  it  rather  a  dtfiionlt  task  to  "Investigate 
the  generation  nnd  diatribotlon  of  electric  cur- 
rents." The  Governor  further  says,  unless 
something  is  done  in  tbis  direction,  "  the  com- 
panies which  put  up  and  control  tbem  [the 
wire*]  will  have  grown  so  rich  and  powerful 
that  the  paasagfl  and  enforcement  of  proper 
laws  will  be  d.fliault."  The  Governor  seemH 
to  have  written  hinfself  down  as  directly  an- 
tagonizing one  of  the  grandest  steps  in  the 
progress  of  the  age — one  of  the  largeet  means 
yet  discovered  for  providing  the  comforts  and 
conveniences  for  man,  and  for  developing  the 
commerce  and  induatry  of  the  world.  He 
moreover  seems  to  think  that  the  opportunity 
for  profitable  investment  must  necessarily  lead 
to  corruption. 

Of  course  something  in  the  way  of  legislation 
in  regard  to  putting  up  and  employing  electric 
wires  carrying  heavy  currents  of  electricity 
may  be  reasonably  undertaken  by  even  the 
average  State  legislator,  but  when  such  persons 
undertake  to  fathom  and  explain  the  principles 
icivolved  in  their  operation,  the  work  will  very 
likely  be  fully  aa  disastrous  and  futile  aa  a  rear 
and  manual  investigation  into  the  business  end 
of  a  mule. 

There  ia  no  doubt  much  oarelesaneaa  in  put- 
ting up  electrio  wires,  and  oftentimes  a  woeful 
neglect  in  making  use  of  well-known  safety 
appliances.  Such  things  may  properly  form  a 
basis  for  legislative  action;  but  all  investiga- 
tions of  the  character  referred  to  by  Gov. 
Campbell  can  be  succesafully  undertaken  only 
by  the  most  experienced  and  best  educated 
electrical  engineers. 

Refining  Silver  by  Electricity. — A  for- 
eign exchange  says  the  method  of  redoing  silver 
electrically,  the  details  of  which  have  been 
worked  out  by  Mr.  Moebins,  is  now  coming 
into  a  somewhat  extensive  use.  It  is  most 
suitable  for  the  refining  of  auriferoussilver  con- 
taining about  11  per  cent  •^f  gold,  the  cost  in 
tbis  case  being  only  about  7d.  per  pound.  The 
principle  upon  which  the  method  is  based  con- 
sists in  using,  in  an  ordinary  electrolytic  bath, 
anodes  of  an  argentiferous  matte  and  a  thin 
plate  of  pure  silver  as  the  cathode.  The  bath 
consists  of  a  very  weak  solution  of  nitrio  acid 
containing  about  one  per  cent  of  tbe  acid.  The 
anodes,  which  are  about  ^-inch  thlok,  with  a 
surface  of  about  13  5  fqaare  inches,  are  placed 
in  muslin  bags,  which  retain  the  gold,  plat- 
inum, peroxide  of  lead,  and  similar  foreign 
minerals  contained  in  the  matte.  Tbe  current 
used  is  150  amperes,  and  the  potential  differ- 
enoe  between  the  plates  one  volt.  During  the 
whole  period  of  work,  brushes  are  kept  moving 
up  and  down  the  silver  plates,  which  sweep  off 
the  silver  deposited  into  troughs  put  (or  the 
purpose  at  the  bottom  of  the  bath.  Theae 
troughs  are  removed  from  time  to  time,  and 
the  silver  taken  out  and  sent  to  the  furnace. 
If  the  matte  contains  copper,  this  la  dissolved 
by  tbe  nitrio  acid,  but  is  not  deposited  on  the 
cathode.  The  electrolytic  method  of  treating 
mattea  containing  the  precioua  metals  will 
doubtless  come  into  very  general  uae  when  its 
value  ia  better  underatood. 


ELECTRIC' Power  in  Agriculture. — A  con- 
sular note  from  Mens,  Belgium,  gives  an  inter- 
esting description  of  the  part  played  by  elec- 
trical power  on  a  neighboring  farm,  A  small 
ten-horse  power  dynamo  was  used  to  work  a 
Riinsome  thrashing  machine,  the  rotatory  shaft 
of  the  dynamo  transmitting  its  high  rate  of 
speed  to  the  shaft  of  the  thrasher  by  means  of 
an  ordinary  machine  belt.  The  current  driv- 
ing the  dynamo  was  conducted  by  an  insu- 
lated  copper  wire  from  the  initial  source,  a  16 
horse  power  dynamo  driven  by  a  horizontal 
steam  engine  situated  in  the  Cbasaart  works, 
about  half  a  mile  distant.  Tbe  loaa  ocoaaioned 
by  several  tranaformations  of  power  and  the  re 
slfltance  offered  by  tbe  wire  amounted  to  only 
40  per  cent.  The  use  of  electricity  for  such 
work  avoids  all  danger  from  fire  when  the  wires 
are  properly  insulated. 

Electrical  Fingers  — The  scientists  con- 
nected with  the  Johns  Hopkins  University,  at 
Baltimore,  are  engaged  in  investigating  the 
peculiar  powers  possessed  by  the  fingera  of 
Louis  Hamburger.  When  the  hands  of  the 
young  man  are  thoroughly  dried  and  touched 
to  any  polished  object,  they  hold  it  like_  a 
magnet.  He  can  thus  raise  a  quantity  of  pine 
which  will  dangle  from  them,  his  index  fingera 
possessing  the  quality  more  than  any  other. 
He  also  raises  a  glasa  tube  weighted  with  a  six- 
pound  weight. — Bx. 

Docks  and  Electric  Lights.— Most  kinds 
of  night-flying  birds  and  inaects  appear  to  have 
a  great  curiosity  in  regard  to  eleotrio  lights. 


But  a  gentleman  in  Middleborougb,  Mass.,  has 
some  tame  ducks  which  seem  to  be  perfectly 
crazy  after  suoh  lights.  ^Vhen  the  lights  ebine, 
t^hey  go  out  into  the  street  beneath  it  in  a  big 
flook  and  there  promenade,  flap  and  waddle  in 
a  high  state  of  ecstasy.  On  rainy  nights,  when 
there  is  a  puddle  big  enough  in  which  to  wet 
their  feet,  they  are  especially  jubilant.  When 
tired  with  their  capers,  they  tquat  in  the  grass 
and  blink  at  the  brilliant  light. 


Electric  Lights  in  France. —The  first 
practical  and  permanent  tleolrio  lights  in 
France  were  introduced  into  some  workshops 
in  1S74.  In  1878  they  were  first  introdnced 
into  thp  streets,  and  in  ISSO  into  private  dwell- 
ings. The  latest  statistica  show  that  nearly 
1.000,000  horse-power  is  now  converted  into 
electric  lights  in  that  country,  corresponding 
to  a  total  intensity  of  about  200,000,000  normal 
candlen;  that  the  number  of  central  stations  ex- 
ceeds 1500,  and  that  of  private  installations 
10,000,  and  that  the  capital  sunk  in  electrio 
lightiug  amonnts  to  more  than  1,000,000 
Franca.  The  United  Statea  has  more  electrio 
lighte  In  operation  than  all  the  reat  of  the 
world.; 

The  Electric  Light  ia  being  more  and  more 
used  among  the  manufacturers  of  the  wood- 
working class.  It  is  practically  the  only  light 
in  use  at  the  preatnt  time  in  sawmills,  sash 
and  door  factories,  furniture  factories  and  all 
the  wood-working  eptablishmenta  where  a 
superabundance  of  inflammable  material  and 
more  or  less  dust  ia  unavoidable.  Manufact- 
urers recognizg  that  they  cannot  afford  to  risk 
tbe  lighting  of  their  plants  with  lamps  or  even 
gas,  with  the  danger  from  fire  which  these 
illuminators  cff^r,  and  as  a  rule  where  motive- 
power  is  abundant  and  cheap,  electricity,  be- 
sides offering  the  beat  and  eafest  light,  is  in  the 
long  run  the  chpapppf. 


ijNGIJ^EEPJNG  I^OTES. 


Ancient  Bridges  in  China. — The  Chinese 
anspension  bridaea,  dnting  from  the  Han  dynasty 
(202  B.  C.  to  220  A.  D  ),  furnish  striking  evi- 
denoe  of  the  early  acquaintance  of  the  Chinese 
with  engineering  science.  According  to  his- 
torical and  geographical  writers  of  China,  it 
was  Sbang  Lieng,  the  commander  of  the  army 
under  Kaen  Tsu,  who  undertook  the  construc- 
tion of  tbe  roads  in  the  province  of  Shense,  to 
the  west  of  the  capital,  the  high  mountains  and 
deep  gorges  of  which  made  communication  dif- 
ficult, and  which  could  he  reached  only  by  cir- 
cuitous routes.  At  the  head  of  an  army  of  10,- 
000  workmen,  Shang  L'leng  cut  through  mount- 
ains and  filled  up  tbe  valleys  with' the  soil  ob- 
tained from  the  excavations.  Where,  bow- 
ever,  tbis  was  not  sufficient  to  raise  a  road 
high  enough,  he  built  bridgea  resting  upon 
abutmenta  or  projections.  At  other  T)lacea, 
where  the  mountaina  were  separated  by  deep 
gorges,  he  carried  out  a  plan  of  throwing  sus- 
pension bridges  stretching  from  one  slope  to 
the  other.  These  bridges,  appropriately  called 
by  the  Obinese  writers  *' flying"  bridges,  are 
sometimes  so  high  as  to  Inspire  those  who 
cross  them  with  fear.  At  the  present  day 
there  is  still  a  bridge  in  existence  in  Shense 
400  feet  long,  which  stretches  across  a  gorge 
of  immense  depth.  Moat  of  the  bridges  are 
only  wide  enough  to  allow  of  the  passage  of  two 
mounted  men,  railings  on  both  sidea  serving 
for  the  protection  of  travelers.  It  is  not  im- 
probable that  the  missionaries  who  first  re- 
ported on  Chinese  bridges  two  centuries  ago, 
gave  tbe  initiative  to  the  construction  of  sus- 
pension bridgea  in  the  Weat, 


An  Interesting  Experiment  in  jumping  a 
torpedo  boat  over  a  boom  waa  made  recently  at 
Porohester  Creek  by  the  oflBcera  of  the  British 
war-ship  Vernon.  The  boom,  20  feet  in  length, 
differed  from  the  usual  spars  which  are  used 
for  the  defense  of  harbors  against  torpedo  at- 
tacks, in  that  it  waa  six  feet  broad  and  was  fit- 
ted with  spikes,  which  it  was  tunposed  would 
hold  the  boat  a  prisoner.  No.  49,  a  first-class 
torpedo  boat,  which  had  been  strengthened  for 
the  purpose,  was  selected  to  attack  the  boom. 
She  made  a  dash  at  the  boom  at  a  rate  various- 
ly estimated  from  16  to  20  knots.  As  she 
struck  the  spar,  her  stem  was  .lifted  out  of  the 
water  almost  aa  high  aa  the  boom  itself,  which 
sank  on  impact,  and  before  it  could  rise  to  the 
surface  the  momentum  of  the  craft  bad  carried 
her  over.  She  was  subsequently  berthed  in 
the  dry  dock,  and  it  was  found  that  neither  her 
cutwater  nor  her  propeller  had  suffered  in  the 
least,  nor  had  a  single  plate  been  bulged  or 
started. 

The  Longest  Bridge. — What  will  probably 
be  the  longest  bridge  in  the  world  is  about  to 
be  constructed  by  the  Koumanian  Government 
across  theDantiba  between  Dudesci  and  Tcher- 
navoda,  thus  effecting  a  junction  between  Hns-  • 
tenoga  harbor  and  the  Western  railway  of 
Ronmania,  which  already  runs  aa  far  aa  Du- 
desci. As  there  is  a  large  tract  of  marshy 
ground  on  the  left  bank  of  tbe  Danube  where 
the  bridge  will  be  built,  this  will  have  to  be  no 
leas  than  20  miles  in  length. 


The  Highest  Locomotive  Speed. — London 
Engineer  aaya  there  ia  no  properly  recorded  in- 
stance of  a  locomotive  ever  having  attained  a 
greater  speed  than  80  miles  an  hour,  and  quotes 
Charles  R.  Martin  as  saying  that  higher  speed 
ia  mythioal. 


186 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Mab.  15,  1890 


A.  T,  DEWEY.  W,  B.  KWER. 

DEWEY  &  CO.,  Publishers. 


Ofce,  220  Marhet  St.,  N.  E.cor.Front  St.,  S.  F, 
tm"  Take  the  Elevator,  No.  IS  Front  St.-^k 


W.  B.  EWEaR Sb»ior  Editor 


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Address  all  literary  and  buSineHa  correspondence 
ftnd  Drafts  fur  this  paper  in  the  name  of  the  firm. 


SCIENTIFIC   PRESS    PATENT    AGENCY. 
DEWEY  &  CO.,  Patbht  Solioitorb. 

A.  T.  DEWBY.  W,  B.  BWBR.  O.  E.  STRONa. 


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Entered  at  S.  F.  Post  Office  as  second-olass  mail  matter 


SAN    FRANCISCO: 

Saturday,    March   15,    i 


TABLE  OF  CONTENTS. 


ILLUSTRATIONS.  —  The  Lidcerwood  ImprovFd 
Quarry  Hoisting  Eopine;  View  in  Marble  Quarry,  179; 
Wafhburn's  Adjustable  Collar  for  Amalgamating  Pans; 
Transverse  Back-Stoping  with  Filling,  in  Chapin  Mine, 
187. 

BJJlTORIALS.— Marble;  An  Improved  Quarry  Hoist- 
ing Engioe,  179;  Passing  Events;  Artesian  Wells  for 
Cities;  Ass^^ssable  and  Non-Asseesable  Mines;  Silver 
Discount  and  Mines;  The  Foundry  Strike;  Miscel- 
laneous, 186;  Transverse  Back-Stoping.  with  Filling; 
Fireprocif  Buildings;  An  Oregon  Gold  Mine;  Adjust- 
able Collar  for  Pans,  187- 

OORBBSPONDBNUhl.— Mines  of  a  Rainless  Land; 
Butte,  Montana,  Roads  and  Roadmaking,  180. 

MISCELLANEOtJH.— British  Columbia  Coal;  Iron 
Sands;  Proepecting  for  Coal,  180;  Mining  Camp 
Bla  kmailers;  The  Postal  Telecraph;  Municipal  Prob- 
lems; Minine  of  Asbestos;  Wide  Tires;  They  Did  Not 
Pay;  A  Sulphuric  E  her  Motor;  Stamp-Collectors,  181. 

MECHANICAL  PROQRBfSS.  — How  Invention 
Has  Revolutionized  the  Condition  of  Workingmen; 
Ch*rccfceristic3  of  Emery- Wheels;  Economy  in  Manu- 
facturing Bolts  and  Nuts,  184. 

SCIENTIFIC  PROGBEbS.  —  Exterminstion  of 
American  Game;  The  Wonders  of  Human  Mechanism; 
Discovery  of  the  Fossil  Horse;  A  Fact  Showing  a 
Resemblance  Between  the  Earth  and  Mars;  Unexerted 
Genius;  Is  the  Earth  Growing  Colder  and  Its  Crust 
Thicker?;  Movements  of  Salmon;  Temperature  of  the 
Moon,  184. 

GOOD  HEALTH.— Keeping  Healthy;  The  Garter 
no  Source  of  Disease,  185. 

USEFUL  INFORMATION.— Soap-Bubbles;  The 
"Accident  '  of  Discovery;   Modern  Battle-Ships,  185. 

BLBCTRIGITY.— Electricity  and  Legislation;  Refin- 
ing Silver  by  Electricity;  E'ectric-Power  in  AgncuUure; 
tlectrical  Fingers;  Ducks  and  Electric  Lights;  Electric 
Lights  in  Fiance,  185. 

BNGINEBRINQ  NOTES,  -  Anrient  Bridges  in 
China;  An  Interesting  Experiment;  The  Longest 
Bridge;  The  Highest  Locomotive  Speed,  185. 

MINING  SUMMARY— From  the  various  counties 
of  California,  Nevada,  Arizona,  Colorado,  Idaho,  Mon- 
tana. New  Mexico.  Oregon,  Utah,  Wyoming,  183-183. 

MINING  STOCK  liflARKET.— Sales  at  the  San 
Francisco  Stock  Board,  Notices  of  Meetings,  Assess- 
naent.o.  Dividflnds,  and  Bullion  Shipments,  192 

MARKET  REPORTS.— Local  Markets,  Eastern 
Metal  Markets,  192. 

Business  Announcements. 

[HBW   THIS  ISSUE.] 

Iron  Moulders  Wanted— Risdon  Iron  Works. 

Paul  Dry  Amalgamating  Barrel  Process — George  Bower. 

Wr5ee  Advertising  Colwrnns. 


PassiDg  Events. 

The  pleasant,  suDoy  weather  of  the  past  few 
days  IB  reodered  doubly  pleasant  by  the  very 
dreary  winter  through  which  we  have  passed. 
There  have  been  storms  in  the  mountains  and 
the  roads  have  been  again  blockaded,  but  from 
present  appearances  we  have  seen  the  worst  of  a 
very  bad  winter. 

The  burning  of  the  Reno  reduction  works  is 
a  sad  loss  to  the  miners  of  Nevada,  but  the 
works  will  doubtless  be  rebuilt. 

The  owners  of  *'  dry  diggings  "  in  the  north- 
ern part  of  this  State  are  doing  better  than  for 
ten  years  past,  and  making  money  while  the 
water  is  running.  The  miners,  when  floods  and 
slides  cease,  will  be  able  to  work  off  lota  of  top 
dirt  with  the  surface  water.  The  river  miners 
.  will  be  late  with  their  wingdams,  for  the  waters 
will  be  high.  Ground  sluicing  and  hydraulic 
mining  in  Trinity  and  Siskiyou  are  being  carried 
on  with  great  energy  and  a  long  and  prosperous 
season  is  ensured. 

The  foundry  strike  still  continues,  and  both 
sides  of  the- contest  seem  confident.  Of  course 
there  is  great  inconvenience  and  loss  to  the  own- 
era  of  foundries,  who  maintain  that  if  they  are 
to  run  their  works  at  all  it  must  bo  on  different 
conditions  than  those  which  have  beep  ex- 
isting. 


Artesian  Wells  for  Cities. 

The  city  of  Oakland  is  having  trouble  about 
the  character  and  price  of  the  water  supplied 
to  the  citizens.  The  people  have  become  in- 
dignant at  the  neglect  of  the  water  company  to 
remedy  the  existing  state  of  affairs,  and  the 
City  Conncil  does  not  seem  disposed  to  give  any 
aid.  Mass  meetings  have  been  held  which  have 
been  largely  attended  by  the  respectable  tax- 
paying  element  of  the  community.  A  Citizens' 
Committee  of  100  has  been  appointed,  and  the 
gentlemen  composing  it  are  now  engaged  in  dis- 
cussing the  matter  of  water  supply  and  the 
best  means  of  furnishing  pure  water. 

A  prominent  idea  which  has  been  suggested 
is  that  the  people  of  certain  districts  join  hands 
in  boring  artesian  wells  for  the  common  good, 
each  well  to  supply  a  certain  section  of  the 
city.  When  this  project  was  discussed  it  was 
a  matter  of  surprise  to  find  that  a  very  large 
number  of  wells  had  alseady  been  bored  in 
various  parts  of  the  city  and  that  families  were 
being  supplied  from  them.  Not  that  it  was  not 
known  that  there  was  artesian  water  to  be  had, 
bnt  no  one  supposed  there  were  so  many  wells. 
Moreover,  arrangements  are  being  made  to  bore 
others.  As  a  result  there  is  a  great  interest  in 
this  subject  in  a  city  where  there  are  65.000 
people. 

In  some  parts  of  Oakland  good  artesian  water 
is  procured  at  a  depth  of  S5to  95  feet  and  rises 
to  within  ^a  few  feet  of  the  surface.  This 
water  is  clear,  pure  and  cold.  To  be  used  in 
dwellings  and  on  gardens  it  must  be  elevated  by 
windmill  or  engine  into  suitable  tanks.  It  is 
not  therefore  practicable  for  individuals  to  own 
the  wells  unless  they  have  large  pieces  of  land 
which  have  to  be  irrigated — that  is,  large  lots 
from  a  oity  point  of  view.  But  the  residents 
of  a  block,  by  united  action,  can  very  easily 
have  a  well  and  engine  which  will  fnrnish  them 
all  with  a  good  water  supply  for  domestic  use. 
The  ordinary  oity  water  answers  for  fire  and 
street-sprinkling  purposes. 

In  former  times  the  city  of  San  Francisco 
had  many  artesian  wells,  and  some  of  them  are 
in  use  to-day,  but  the  Spring  Valley  Water  Co. 
has  settling  reservoirs  for  its  supply,  which  is 
not  the  case  with  the  company  which  supplies 
water  to  Oakland.  Therefore,  artesian  wells 
are  more  necessary  to  Oakland  than  to  San 
Francisco. 

The  topography  of  the  country  about  the 
bay  of  Sin  Francisco  is  favorable  for  artesian 
wells,  and  there  have  been  many  more  successes 
than  failures  in  boring  for  water.  Oakland  has 
back  of  it  a  range  of  hills  with  numerous  can- 
yons and  water  can  be  obtained  nearly  every- 
where. 

We  have  from  time  to  time  in  the  Mining 
AND  Scientific  Press  given  considerable  at- 
tention to  this  subject  of  artesian  wells  iu  Cali- 
fornia. There  is  really  very  little  difficulty  in 
obtaining  a  supply  for  domestic  use  from  suoh 
sources.  Where  one  well  has  been  bored  suc- 
cessfully others  can  be  also.  It  depends  on  the 
locality  as  to  the  depth,  of  course.  We  shall 
be  glad  to  obtain  more  detailed  information 
concerning  the  wells  in  Alameda  county,  or,  in 
fact,  any  that  bears  on  thd  artesian  belt  of 
the  bay  shore.  The  following  Committee  ap- 
pointed by  the  Citizens*  Committee  of  100, 
to  collect  information  on  artesian  wells  and 
promoting  the  same  in  Oakland,  will  also  be 
pleased  to  receive  facta  and  suggestions  rele- 
vant to  the  objects  sought:  Ross  E.  Browne, 
S.  P.  Channel!,  Wm.  Collins,  J.  K.  Piersol,  J. 
L.  Lyon,  J.  0.  Kimble  and  A.  T.  Dewey. 

The  late  mass  meeting  of  5000  or  more  Oak- 
landers,  protesting  against  perpetuating  the 
exorbitantly  high  rates  prevailing  in  their  city 
for  an  exceedingly  inferior  quality  of  water, 
has  aronsed  a  determination  to  seek  some  per- 
manently better  source  of  accommodation. 

In  the  next  number  of  the  Press  we  shall 
have  more  to  say  on  this  subject. 


Assessable  and  Non-Assessable  Mines. 

The  people  who  have  been  organizing  mining 
companies  under  the  laws  of  the  State  of  New 
York  are  finding  out  that  non-asaessable  stock 
is  not  such  a  blessing  as  they  supposed.  There 
the  shares  of  all  mining  companies  must  be  un- 
assessable. The  result  is  that  the  mines  cannot 
be  properly  worked,  and  many  New  York  com- 
panies have  undeveloped  mines  on  hand.  In 
many  oamps  in  the  Pacific  States  and  Terri- 
tories are  mines  operated  from  New  York, 
which  are  in  a  bad  fix.  The  credit  of  the 
companies  is  low  and  people  to  lend  them 
money  are  Bcaroe. 

Now  the  mining  brokers  and  holders  of 
shares  favor  an  assessment  law,  or  they  want 
the  companies  organized^  under  the  laws  of 
California,  where  the  stock  is  assessable,  and 
the  mines  can  be  worked.  It  is  no  argument 
against  this  system  that  there  are  instances  of 
its  abase;  since,  were  it  not  for  the  California 
law,  many  mines  now  developed  and  worked, 
would  be  idle. 

The  California  laws  are  founded  on  common 
sense  and  experience.  Each  man  is  liable  for 
the  amount  of  stock  he  owns  as  to  assessment. 
If  he  owns  100  shares,  a  50  cent  assessment 
means  he  shall  pay  $50  or  else  his  stock  will  be- 
come delinquent  and  advertised  for  sale.  He 
mnst  bear  his  share  of  the  burdens  as  well  as 
the  profits.  It  is  said  that  the  capital  invested 
in  New  York  in  the  mining  industry  is  between 
$50,000,000  and  $75,000,000.  Many  of  the 
companies  are  listed  on  the  Eschange  Board, 
bnt  few  are  paying  dividends,  and  many  are 
not  being  worked  because  of  lack  power  to  levy 
assessments  for  the  necsssary  money.  So  New 
York  is  forced  to  acknowledge  that  California 
knows  best  about  one  thing  at  least;  that  is, 
how  to  operate  mining  companies. 


Montana  papers  assert  that  Marcus  Daly  is 
about  to  resign  the  management  of  the  Ana- 
conda mine,  and  that  Robert  Dallon  is  to  suc- 
ceed him.  Mr.  Dallon  is  a  miner  with  long  ex- 
perience and  for  some  years  has  managed  the 
affairs  of  Haggin  &  Hearst,  in  Mono  county, 
California,  and  is  at  present  in  charge  of  their 
mining  operations  in  New  Mexico. 


It  is  rumored  that  the  Germania  Smelting 
Company,  Utah,  will  shortly  start  up  its  refin- 
ing plant  and  do  its  own  refining. 


Silver   Discount  and  Mines. 

The  Alice  Mining  Oo.  of  Montana  crashed 
30,059  tons  of  ore  last  year,  worth  $23.58  per 
ton.  The  average  value  of  the  silver  was 
$22.47  per  ton  and  of  the  gold  $L11.  Daring 
the  year  the  company  shipped  797  tons  of  bull 
ion,  containing  1,097,606  60  onnoes,  the  value 
of  silver  in  the  same  being  $725,296,03,  and  the 
value  of  the  gold  $33,388.66. 

For  the  greater  part  of  the  year  the  GO'Stamp 
mill  has  been  running,  but  the  20-stamp  mill 
laid  idle  for  the  reason  that  the  discount  on 
silver  was  so  great.  The  selling  price  of  silver 
having  advanced  to  about  95^  cents  per  fine 
ounce  during  November,  and  to  96  cents  during 
December,  it  was  deemed  advisable  to  put  the 
20  stamp  mill  in  running  order. 

The  entire  silver  and  gold  product  for  the 
year  was  $758,684.69,  which  is  reckoned  at  the 
old  standard  value  of  $1.29.29  per  fine  ounce 
for  silver  and  $20.67  per  fine  ounce  for  the  gold. 
The  discount  on  silver  was  $212,153.18,  or  a 
net  yield  in  gold  dollars  of  $546,531.51.  This 
discount  is  the  greatest  for  any  year  since  the 
company  was  organized.  The  figures  will  show 
how  the  silver  mines  suffer  from  the  discount. 
There  was  a  dead  loss  of  $212,153  in  one  mine 
alone.  Notwithstanding  the  company  had  to 
work  against  this  great  depreciation  and  the 
low  grade  of  the  ores,  one  dividend  of  $25,000 
was  paid  and  the  remainder  of  the  indebted- 
ness, owing  for  the  purchase  of  the  Magna 
Charta,  Valdemere  and  other  mines,  amounting 
to  $45,000,  has  also  been  paid. 


Pennsylvania  Miners.  —  There  is  mnoh 
suffering  among  the  miners  in  the  Lackawanna 
region.  Many  families  are  on  the  verge  of 
starvation  owing  to  the  scarcity  of  work  in  the 
collieries.  They  are  being  relieved  by  the  Cit- 
izens* Rslief  Committee,  which  has  opened  a 
store  of  supplies  and  established  canvassers  to 
learn  the  condition  of  destitute  applicants.  No 
such  misery  was  ever  known  among  the  anthra> 
cite  miners  as  now  exists,  their  time  checks  in- 
variably showing  them  to  be  in  debt  to  the  op- 
erators for  rent  and  other  supplies.  The  miners 
are  not  working  enough  to  give  them  a  living. 


The  oast-iron  drnm  of  one  of  the  mangles  in 
the  Contra  Costa  laundry,  Oakland,  exploded 
last  Monday,  killing  one  girl  and  severely  in* 
jaring  another.  The  machine  was  being  used 
for  the  first  time.  It  was  made  in  Oakland, 
and  a  coroner's  jury  has  brought  in  a  verdict 
that  a  girl  was  killed  by  "  the  explosion  of  an 
imperfectly  constructed  steam  heater  of  a  man- 
gle maohine, '* 


The  Foundry  Strike. 

There  is  not  much  change  in  the  situation 
among  the  foundry  men  and  the  striking  molders. 
The  men  are  still  out  and  claim  that  the  foundries 
will  have  to  employ  them  in  the  end.  On  the 
other  hand  the  manufacturers  say  they  will 
send  Eist  for  their  castings  if  necessary,  rather 
than  take  the  men  baok  on  the  old  oonditions. 
The  Eagineers  and  Foundrymen's  Association 
has  issued  the  following  circular  : 

To  the  Foremen^  Apprentices,  and  Employes 
of  the  foundries  controlled  by  the  Iron- founder  a* 
Association:  Whereas,  It  has  come  to  our 
knowledge  that  threats  have  been  made  against 
those  now  at  work  to  the  effect  that  if  they 
refuse  to  take  sides  with  the  Molders'  Union  in 
the  struggle  now  in  progress,  they  will  be  de- 
nied the  right  to  work  in  this  city  after  the 
difficulty  is  settled,  and  have  in  other  ways 
been  intimidated. 

In  view  of  the  above,  the  Eagineers  and 
Iron-founders*  Association,  individually  and 
collectively,  do  here 

Resolve  and  Pledge  themselvea:  That  the  men 
and  boys  now  at  work,  and  those  who  may 
hereafter  come  to  work,  shall  be  protected  at 
all  hazards  and  at  any  cost. 

Farthermore,  that  no  settlement  of  the 
strike  shall  be  made  which  does  not  fully  pro- 
tect all  who  have  been  faithful  to  our  common 
interests. 

We  furthermore  pledge  ourselves  tQ  retain  in 
onr  employ,  while  our  establishments  are  in 
existence,  tbose  who  stand  with  ns  at  this  time. 

We  are  prepared  to  enter  into  contracts  with 
molders  for  a  term  of  service  extending  over 
one  or  two  vears,  if  desired,  at  wages  varying 
from  $3  to  $4  per  day  of  ten  hours,  according 
to  the  ability  of  the  workman. 

The  Eagineers'  and  Iron-founders'  Associa- 
tion, by  Ira  P.  Rankin,  President. 

The  Mission  Iron  Works,  owned  by  Wm. 
Axford,  have  closed  down  and  the  20  molders 
and  apprentices  thrown  out  of  work.  The 
Judson  Iron  Works  across  the  bay  have  also 
oloaed  down,  having  had  tronble  about  the  ap- 
prentice system. 

The  men  here  talk  of  starting  a  co-operative 
foundry,  but  as  they  have  no  capital  for  such 
an  enterprise,  it  is  not  probable  anything  will 
be  done.  If  it  were  started,  however,  the 
foundrymen  would  not  be  displaced  but  would 
be  glad  to  get  their  castings  from  suoh  a  source 
and  let  the  men  fight  out  their  own  labor  diffi- 
culties. Some  of  the  striking  molders  have 
left  the  oity  and  others  are  reported  as  having 
returned  to  work.  There  is  also  a  report  that 
75  non-union  molders^  are  on  their  way  from 
Philadelphia  to  this  city. 

The  foundry  proprietors  all  say  there  would 
have  been  no  strike  if  the  molders  had  not  lim- 
ited the  amount  of  work  to  be  done  in  a  day. 
We  are  now  in  direct  competition  with  the 
East.  Higher  wages  are  paid  here  and  higher 
prices  for  iron  and  fuel.  To  fight  competition 
and  also  to  maintain  a  contest  with  their 
workmen  is  more  than  the  foundrymen  care  to 
do.  Placing  the  minimum  rate  of  wages  at 
$3  50  per  day,  allowing  only  one  apprentice  to 
every  eight  journeymen,  thus  depriving  em- 
ployers of  a  class  of  labor  suitable  for  the 
cheaper  grades  of  work,  forbidding  working  by 
the  piece,  asking  for  a  reduction  of  working 
hours,  and  finally  restricting  each  molder's  out- 
put, form  a  condition  of  affairs  that  the  fonn- 
drymen  oonld  no  longer  tolerate. 


The  Tecbnical  Society. — At  the  last  meet- 
ing of  the  Technical  Society  of  the  Pacific 
Coast  those  present  interested  themselves  in 
the  examination  of  two  improved  transits,  a 
level,  a  new  article  of  tracing  paper,  a  survey- 
or's rod,  rules,  etc.,  brought  here  from  New 
York,  The  secretary.  Otto  von  Geldern  read  a 
paper  entitled  "Notes  on  the  Dry  Dock  and 
Ooffer-dam  at  the  Mare  Island  Navy  Yard," 
This  paper  was  filled  with  statistical  detail, 
some  of  it  requiring  illustration  on  the  black- 
board and  by  means  of  tracing  paper.  He  com- 
menced with  the  lucipiency  of  the  building  o 
the  docks  and  dam  in  1S73  ;  gave  a  description 
of  every  portion  of  the  work  and  its  cost  in  de- 
tail; showed  what  subsequent  alterations  in 
the  original  design  had  been  made  ;  compared 
the  cost  of  constrnction  with  that  of  similar 
works  in  other  countries,  and  added  that,  al- 
though $2,738,745  had  been  spent  on  the  work, 
it  was  still  unfinished. 


The  Sowden.  brothers,  two  miners  who  were 
working  a  claim  near  WeaveivIIle,  Trinity  Co., 
were  killed  by  a  landslide,  last  week.  The  two 
reservoirs  above  the  claim  were  literally  oblit- 
erated, and  the  sliding  earth  had  carried  off 
the  pipe,  giants,  etc.  The  bodies  of  the  two 
men  were  found  in  the  bed  of  the  oreek. 


Mah.  16,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


187 


I 


Transverse  Back-Stoping  with  Filling. 

Id  the  Chapio  iron  mice,  L\ke  Superior,  the 
deposit  ia  very  wide,  and  the  sarroaadiDg  rock 
ia  »oft,  80  they  had  to  give  up  what  they  called 
the  "modified  Nevada  syatem"  of  mining  aod 
adopted  the  atandard  '*  filling  byatem"  em- 
ployed in  Kiiropean  mines,  where  timber  ie 
acarce.  The  out  given  herewith  ahowa  the 
method  of  trantverae  back-atoping  with  filling. 

Where  the  ore  ia  wider  than  20  feet,  the  fill- 
ing most  be  kept  cloae  to  the  back.  The  min- 
ers then  proceed  in  the  following  manner:  On 
the  firbt  atope,  dififerent  parties  commence  to 
work  50  feet  from  each  other  in  the  ore  drift 
run  parallel  with  the  main  level,  and  make  cuta 
about  eight  feet  high  and  nine  feet  wide  clear 
Bcroaa  the  ore.  If  the  ground  ia  weak,  props  or 
aeta  of  light  timber  are  put  up  aa  the  cuta  ad- 
vanoe. 

Tbeae  openioga  are  then  filled  with  rook, 
either  before  or  at  the  aame  time  aa  other 
cuta  of  the  earae  siza  are  made,  alongside  of  the 
firat  onca.  A  third  ulice  is  then  taken  off,  and 
the  second  ia  filled  in  the  same  manner  ;  and  so 
on,  until  the  whole  firaS  etops  is  mined  out.  A? 
tho  filling  must  ba  kept  close  to  the  back  in 
order  to  prtvent  caving  of  the  ore,  it  is  necet- 
aary  to  shovel  moat  of  it.  It  should,  however, 
be  borne  in  mind,  that  aa  eolid  ore  U  mined 
and  loose  rook  takea  its  place,  and  as  the  spe- 
cific gravity  of  the  ore  is  at  leatt  IS  times 
greater  than  that  of  the  rock,  it  ia  not  necea- 
sary  to  handle  more  than  four  tons  of  rook  for 
every  trn  tons  of  ore  mined.  As  soon  as  the 
the  filling  ia  put  in,  it  is  planked  over. 

Before  work  ia  commenced  on  the  second 
Btope,  ore  chutes  and  rock-winzsa  must  be  pie- 
pared.  Kiiaes  to  be  used  for  ore-chutes  and 
ladder-ways  are  made  from  the  side  of  the  main 
level  to  the  top  of  thf  second  atope,  and  cross- 
cuts are  driven  into  the  ore.  These  chutes 
could  ba  located  in  the  ore  and  connected  with 
the  main  levels  by  croas-cuta  ;  but  as  the  tram- 
ming will  shortly  be  done  by  machinery,  it  is 
preferable  to  have  the  chutes  open  directly  into 
the  Uvels.  The  ore-chutes  are  placed  50  feet 
from  one  another,  and  tberock-winzaa  are  sunk 
100  feet  apart  from  the  nest  higher  level. 

The  first  thing  to  do  on  the  second  atope  is  to 
connect  the  rock-winz?  with  the  crosscut  lead- 
ing to  the  ore. chute,  after  which  the  ore  will 
be  taken  out  and  tilliog  brought  in  in  the 
manner  above  described. 

A  third  stope  is  then  prepared  and  mined  in 
a  similar  way,  and  so  on  until  the  whole  lift  is 
mined  out. 

On  account  of  the  soft  character  and  the 
great  width  of  the  ore,  it  sometimes  cracks  off 
and  settles  down  on  the  filling.  Thia  will  not 
cause  much  ditfiiulty,  if  the  filling  is  kept  up 
close  to  the  back  on  every  stope. 

If  a  block  of  loose  ore  ia  met  with,  it  is  nec- 
essary to  put  up  drilt-eets  and  drive  laths,  in 
order  to  keep  the  ore  from  running. 

The  ore  chutes  are  cribbed  up  for  the  first  20 
feet  large  enough  to  hold  about  50  tone  of  ore, 
and  then  narrowed  up  to  a  sizj  of  2^  feet 
square.  From  thia  point  they  are  built  circu- 
lar 2h  feet  in  diameter,  by  means  of  wedge- 
shaped  blocks  of  wood  cut  out  in  the  saw  mill. 
Care  ia  taken  on  dumping  the  ore  into  the 
chute  that  it  is  not  allowed  to  acaumulate  and 
liae  in  this  circular  part.  Ladderwaya  are 
cribbed  up  ou  the  side  of  each  ore-chute. 

The  rock  mined  in  drifts  or  shafts  ia,  ol 
course,  used  to  fill  the  excavations  in  the  ore, 
If,  however,  this  rook  is  not  aofficient,  a  verj 
suitable  filUng-material  can  ba  obtained  from  a 
aandstone  quarry  near  by.  The  sandstone  h 
trammed  to  one  of  the  shafts  and  lowered  to 
the  level  next  above  the  lift  where  the  ore  ia 
mined.  From  the  shaft  it  is  trammed  on  this 
level  to  one  of  the  reck  wiozea  and  dumped, 
lb  is  then  drawn  on  a  temporary  chute  built  at 
the  bottom  of  thia  winze,  and  trammed  to  its 
deatination. ^^^_^^ 

Fireproof  Buildings. 

The  frequent  cases  of  loss  of  life  and  property 
by  fire  in  ao-called  fireproof  bnildinga  has  sug- 
gested  to  G.  Liudenschlager,  of  Sunol,  Ala- 
meda-county,  an  improvement  in  eonstruction 
for  hotels,  school-houses,  factories,  tenements, 
etc.,  which  shall  leEsen,  if  not  obviate,  the 
danger.  In  a  building  which,  for  instance,  ia 
200  feet  front  and  five  stories  high,  he  con- 
etructa  three  partition  walls  through  the  whole 
depth,  these  being  numbered  1,  2  and  3.  The 
stories  are  also  numbered  1  to  5,  the  partitions 


in  each  story  being  couneoted  by  halla  passing 
thrcQgh  the  walla  and  these  beicg  closed  by 
aelf-actiog  iron  doors.  Kich  partition  baa  a 
separate  exit,  including  the  main  and  rear  en- 
trance.   There  ia  an  alarm  bell   in  the   hall   of 


3,  and  ao  the  occupants  of  tvery  part  of  the 
house  know  at  once  where  the  fire  ia  located 
and  can  »cC  accordingly.  The  walla  are  double 
and  hollow,  pipes  connect  from  the  outaide  with 
this  hollow   apace,  so   whattv^r  draft  there  ia 


WASHBUBN'S    ADJUSTABLE    OOLLAR    FOR    AMALGAMATING    PA^S. 


each  partition  in  each  atory,  and  eash  of  the 
bella  ia  struck  at  the  same  time  by  the  alarm 
when  Bounded.     At  the  breaking  out  of  a  fire,  a 


will  be  carried  up  between  the  walla.  The  Idea 
is  to  confine  the  fire  and  smoke  in  one  room  or 
on  one  side  of  a  partition  only.    That  is,  it  is 


general  alarm  is  sounded,  after  which  the  first    intended  to  confine  the  fire  within  the  partition 


HORIZONTAL  SECTIffNS 


An  Oregon  Gold  Mine. 

We  were  shown  recently,  by  Mr.  J,  H.  Rob- 
bios  of  Baker  City,  Oregon,  a  very  rich  sample 
of  tho  sulphuret  ore  from  the  Elkhorn  mine, 
which  is  about  15  miles  from  Baker  City,  Mr. 
Rjbbins  has  ordered  from  the  Riadon  Iron 
Works  of  this  city  a  20  ton  concentrating 
plant,  conaiating  of  rook-breaker,  ore-feeder, 
Bryan  mill,  four  Frue  concentratora  and  a 
Pelton  wheel,  and  thia  will  be  ready  for  ahip- 
raent  inabout  a  month.  The  mill  will  be  put 
up  on  Pine  creek,  some  12  miles  from  Baker 
City, 

The  ledge  of  the  Elkhorn  mine  is  alx  feet 
wide,  and  one  foot  of  it  ia  the  very  rich  ore 
shown  us.  They  have  been  shipping  thia  to 
Dsnver  without  concentration,  and  it  has  paid 
them  about  $200  per  ton  above  all  expenses. 
The  rioh  portion  ataays  $350  per  ton,  mainly 
gold,  although  there  is  from  $10  to  $15  in 
silver.  There  ia  no  free  gold  in  the  rook. 
They  have  shipped  ICO  tons  that  netted  them 
$200  per  ton — in  fact  Mr.  Robbina  has  paid  his 
etookholdere  $15  per  share  on  400  shares,  and 
the  company  still  owue  100  of  the  500  original 
shares.  The  mine  baa  no  debts  and  pays  as  it 
gOES.  It  ia  a  private  company  and  owna  four 
claims.  They  are  running  a  tunnel,  which  at 
length  of  700  feet  will  tap  the  vein  at  a  depth 
of  300  feet.  No  pumping  ia  done,  the  mine 
draining  itself.  There  ia  plenty  of  wood  at  the 
mine,  and  they  have  abundant  water-power 
with.  160  feet  head  for  the  wheel  at  the  mill- 
site.  The  mine  being  cloae  to  the  railroad, 
everything  is  oheap.  In  shipping  the  ore  to 
Denver,  Mr.  Robbins  saya  that  he  receives  six 
bids  on  every  lot  of  ore.  One  foot  of  this  ledge 
it  is  unnecessary  to  concentrate,  being  simply  a 
mass  of  sulphurete;  but  with  their  new  plant 
the  whole  ledge  can  be  utilized.  A  specimen 
of  this  ore  baa  been  plaoed  in  the  Mining- 
Bureau  museum,  where  it  can  be  seen  by  any 
one. 

Adjustable  Collar  for  Pans. 

One  great  trouble  millmen  have  with  grind- 
ing-pana  is  to  so  adjust  the  driver  that  it  will 
run  true  and  the  ahoe  and  die  wear  on  all  aides 
of  tlie  pan  alike.  Frequently  the  shoe  and  die 
will  be  worn  unevenly,  being  worn  away  on 
one  side  of  the  pan  while  on  the  other  an  inch 
thick  remains.  Thia  causes  a  loss  of  iron,  and, 
moreover,  when  the  driver  and  muller  do  not 
run  true  good  work  cannot  be  done. 

T.  A.  Washburn  of  Gold  Hill,  Nev.,  has  re- 
cently patented  through  the  Mining  and  Scien- 
tific Press  Patent  Agency  an  adjustable  collar 
for  grinding  and  amalgamating  pane,  which  la 
ahown  in  the  cut  herewith.  With  this  collar 
the  difficulties  referred  to  above  are  obviated. 
The  aet  screws  can  be  adjusted  -in  a  few  min- 
utea'  time  and  the  driver  made  to  run  true.  In 
putting  these  collars  on  the  driver,  care  should 
be  taken  to  have  the  set  screws  come  well  up 
under  the  flange  of  the  collar  so  as  to  hold  it 
olose  up  to  the  neck  of  the  driver.  In  making 
new  drivers,  allowance  should  be  made  for  a 
new  collar  about  four  inches  long.  In  old 
drivers,  aa  long  a  collar  as  possible  should  be 
used  so  as  to  wear  out  the  ahoea  and  dies.  Set 
Borews  made  of  sevea-eigbths  steel,  .with  jam- 
nuts,  should  be  used.  These  collars  have  just 
been  introduced  in  the  Justice  mill.  Gold  Hill, 
Nev,,  and  give  great' Batisfaotlon,     Mr.  Waah- 

rnoss SECTION 


^?^r^-^-^!V^I  111 


'^^1  fl 


I 


-  lUlllllilllli 


TRANSVERSE    BACK-STOPING    WITH    FILLING.    IN    OHAPIN    MINE, 


number  of  peala  designates  tho  partition,  the 
second  tlie  story.  Sappose,  for  instance,  a  fire 
breaks  out  in  partition  2,  story  3;  after  the 
general  alarm,  the  first  peal  of  two  shows  the 
partition  2,  the  second  peal  of  three  the  story 


in  which  it   originated   and  let  the  smoke  out 
through  the  top  of  the  building. 


Neaely  every  hotel  in  Southern  California  is 
crowded  with  guests,  mostly  from  the  East. 


burn  may  be  addressed  as  above  for  farther  in- 
formation. 


Oakland,  Alameda  county,  expects  to   have 
a  $300,000  public  building. 


188 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Mar.  15,  1890 


Fkench  Imitation  of  Wood.  —  French 
artisans  excel  in  imitating  mahogany,  ebony 
and  satin  wood,  says  the  Builder  and  Wood- 
Carver.  So  nearly  do  they  contrive  to  render 
any  Bpecies  of  wood  of  close  grain  like  ma- 
hogany in  texture,  density  of  hue  and  polish, 
that  many  expert  judges  will  often  mistake 
the  imitation  for  the  natural  wood.  The  fol- 
lowing is  the  mode  :  The  surface  having  been 
planed  and  rendered  perfectly  smooth,  the 
wood  is  rubbed  with  diluted  nitrous  acid,  which 
prepares  it  for  the  materials  subsequently  ap- 
plied. Afterward,  to  a  filtered  mixture  of  one 
and  one-half  ounces  of  dragon's  blood,  di6B:)lved 
in  a  pint  of  spirits  of  wine,  is  added  one-third 
that  quantity  of  carbonate  of  soda.  The  whole 
constituting  a  very  thin  liquid,  is  brushed  with 
a  soft  brush  over  the  wood.  The  process  is  re- 
peated with  very  little  alteration,  and  in  a 
short  interval  of  time  the  wood  assumes  the  ex- 
ternal appearance  of  mahogany.  If  the  com 
position  has  been  properly  made,  the  surface 
will  resemble  an  artificial  mirror,  and  should 
this  brilliancy  over  decline,  it  may  be  restored 
by  rubbing  the  surface  with  a  little  cold-drawn 
linseed  oil. 


Attention,    Southern    California 
Miners. 

WORKS   FOR  SALE. 

The  Works  are  situated  at  Daggelt,  Cal.,  in  the 
Calico  Mining  District,  and  on  the  side-track  of  the 
Atlantic  and  Pacific  Railroad.  They  contain  a  first- 
class  so-horse  power  Engine  and  45-horse  power 
boiler,  with  Ore  Crusher  and  other  machinery,  Mill 
Scales,  .'Assaying  Outfit,  etc.,  all  nearly  new.  Also 
upon  the  premises  an  office  building  and  a  comfort- 
able dwelling-house  (portable).  The  above  can  be 
bad  at  a  bargain.  Apply  to  GILLISPY  &  CHILDS, 
123  California  St.,  San  Francisco. 


Dewey  &  Co.'s  Scientific  Press 
Patent  Agency. 


OuB  U.  S.  AND  Foreign  Patent  Agency 
presents  many  and  important  advantages  as  a 
Home  Agency  over  all  others,  by  reason  of  long 
establishment,  great  experience,  thoroagh  sys- 
tem, intimate  acquaintance  with  the  subjects  of 
inventions  in  our  own  community,  and  our 
moat  extensive  law  and  reference  library,  con- 
taining official  American  and  foreign  reports, 
files  of  scientific  and  mechanical  publications, 
etc.  All  worthy  inventions  patented  through 
our  Agency  will  have  the  benefit  of  an  illustra- 
tion or  a  description  in  the  Mining  and  Scien- 
tific Press.  We  transact  every  branch  of 
Patent  business,  and  obtain  Patents  in  all  coun- 
tries which  grant  protection  to  inventors.  The 
large  majority  of  U.  S.  and  Foreign  Patents 
issued  to  inventors  on  the  Pacific  Coast  have 
been  obtained  through  our  Agency.  We  can 
give  the  best  and  most  reliable  advice  as  to  the 
patentability  'of  new  inventions.  Our  prices 
are  as  low  as  any  first-class  agencies  in  the 
Eastern  States,  while  our  advantages  for  Pacific 
Coast  inventors  are  far  superior.  Advice  and 
Circulars  free. 

DEWE7  &  GO.,  Patent  Agents, 
220  Market  St.,  Elevator,  12  Front  St.,  S.  F 

Telephoke  No.  658. 
a.  t.  dewey.       w.  b.  ewer.      geo.  h.  strong 


Paul  Dry  Amalgamating  Barrel  Process. 

I  hereby  certify  that  I  made,  at  the  Calaveras  Biine,  a 
comparative  tifst,  aa  between  stamps  and  silver  plates 
workiiii:  WhT  and  the  Paul  BVrrel  frocess  working  DRY. 
The  ([Uiiitity  of  ore  worked  w^s  72  tons,  aJl  carefully 
dividtd  and  weighed  for  eaih  tear.  The  result  from  36 
tooBworktd  by  stamps  WtT  was  S24.0n  per  ton.  The 
result  from  the  36  tons  worked  bv  the  Faul  process  DRY 
was  §92.00,  making  a  difference  of  S67.95  per  ton  Id  favor 
of  the  Paul  Process,  The  teat  was  as  exact  gs  it  was  pos- 
Eible  to  m^ke  it.  GEORGE  BOWER, 

Rocm  0,  302  Montgomery  S^.  San  Francisco. 


3xrc33xr  -  xj3>a'xc33Nr 

IRON  IVIOULDERS  WANTED 

RISDON  IRON  WORKS, 

San  Fi-ancisco. 


One  Ohmen's    12si2   Automatic   Engine; 
•^t  style  in  use    Also,  l  Boiler  48  in.  x  16  ft.  Both  nearly 
y.    Apply  to     ..  W.  QOICK,  y21  First  bt.. 
(Top  Floor)  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


iACK  FiLKB  of    the   illNIKG   AND    SCIENTIFIC    PRFBS    (UU 

Liouod)  can  be  had  for  S3  per  volume  of  six  months.  Per 
year  (two  volumes)  86.  Inserted  In  Dewey's  patent  bind- 
er, 60  cents  additloDft]  per  volume. 


RUBBER  FACTORY. 

Monarch   Belting. 

The  Plies  of  this  Belt  are 

UNITED  by  COTTON  RIVETS 

Which  hold  them  firmly  together. 

Each  Klvet  is  Inddpendest 

And  Follows  the  Stretoh. 

THERE  ARE   NO   STITCHES 

TO  BKEAK,  and 

The    Belt    has    a    Smooth 

Surface. 

Hose,  Belting,  Packing,  Etc. 

ALL  KINDS  OF  RUBBER  GOODS  MADE  TO  ORDER  IN  A  FEW  HOURS. 

W  F.  BOWERS  &  CO..  409  Market  St..  San  Francisco. 

Rock  Drilling  and  Air  Compressing 
Machinery 

For  TUNNELS,  QUARRIES,  MINES,  RAILROADS 

And  Wherever  Ore  and  Bock  are  to  lie  Drillel  and  Blasted. 

IS-  SEND    FOR    NEW    CATALOGUE    OF    1889.  Tiai 


RAND    DRILL  CO., 

23  Park  Place,  New  York.  U.  S.  A. 


To  Miners,  Millmen,  Dealers  in  Machinery.  Etc. 

The  undersigned  offers  for  sale  at  greatly  reduced  prxca,  macliinery  belonging  to  tLe 

AUTO -PNEUMATIC    CAR    MOTOR    COMPANY, 

Situate  in  the  City  of  San  Francisco,  on  the  hlock  1  ounded  by  Folsom,  Harrison,  Sixteenth  and  Seventeenth  Streets. 
Said  machinery  is  new  and  has  only  been  used  long  enough  to  test  every  part  of  it 

One  Compound  Steam  Air  Compreasor,  low  pressure  cylinder    12s20,   high   pressure 

cylinder  5520,  with,  inter-cooler  and  all  connections  comp  e'e. 
One  Air  Tank,  48  Inches  in  diameter    by    16   feet   length,   tested  to  300  pounds  to  the 

Inch. 
One  Autc-Poeumatic  Passenger  and  Motor  Car,  30  feet  long,  standard  gauge,  wUh  air 

tanks  and  engines  complete.    Engines,  Compound,  6-lnch  atd  11-lnch    cylinders  by 

12-incIi  stroke. 
2000  feet  or  more  of  20  lbs   rails  with  ties,  bolts  and  fleh  plates,  complee. 
For  further  information  apply  to 

J.  C.  RUED,  Director  A.  P.  C.  M.  Co., 

No.  119  Clay  Street,  San  Francisco. 


SAN  FRANCISCO  TOOL  CO., 

MANUFAOTURBES    OF 

IRRIGATING  PUMPS 

AND 

Machinery  of  all   Kinds. 

PACIFIC  COAST  AGENTS 

BABOOCK    &    WILOOX 

Patent  Water  Tube  Steam  Boilers. 

Estimates  Furnished  on  Application. 
HVSeod  for  Catalogues- 

FIRST  and  STEVENSON  STS..  S.  F. 


CKNTRlFTFOAr.     PUMP- 


SQT:T.A.H3EI     DF-Xr-A-^C     I».A.OIS.X3Ja"C3-, 


Manufac'ured  frcm  strict!\  firat-class  Plax  and  pure  lubricanta.  Superior  Eo  all  others  for  water  and  steam.  Packs 
with  leas  friction  and  m  akes  a  tighter  joint  than  any  other  packing  made,  i^  Imitations  of  inferior  quality  hav- 
ioy;  been  put  upon  the  market,  we  have  bfeen  compelled  to  adopt  the  above  trade-mark,  and  all  of  cur  packing  will 
now  have  a  KED  CORD  running  through  the  center  its  entire  Ieni;th.  See  that  vou  get  it  and  take  no  other.  Sold 
hy  all  Hardware  dealers.  Price,  50  cents  per  pouQd.  W.  T.  X.  SCHENCK,  Sole  Manufacturer,  333  and 
384  Market  Street,  Ban  Francisco,  Cal. 


PRACTICAL 

Books  on  Mining 

AND  IRRIGATION. 

Descriptive  Catilogue  and  Circulara  cf  Books  relating 
to  Assaying,  Mining,  E'ectricity  and  Mechanical  Engineer- 
ing, sent  free  on  application. 

E.  &  F.  N.  SPON,  Publishers, 

12  Cortlandt  St.,  New  Torb, 

HORACE  D.  RANLETT, 

Ores,  Mining,  and  Commission, 

420  Montgomery  St.,  S.  F. 

Sblpa  under  advances  to  smelting  works  in  Boston, 
New  York,  Baltimore  and  Liverpool. 

Twenty-one  years'  experience  in  Shipping  Ores  and 
Managing  Mines. 

Solicits  Consignments  of  Copper  Produce  and  Manage- 
ment of  Min'ng  Matters. 

All  business  conducted  on  Cash  Banis. 

Purchase  and  shipment  of  Mining  Supplies  a  Spbcialty. 

Sales  of  Developed  Copper  Mioee  undertaken. 

Business  Manager  of  UiNION  COPPER  MINE,  Copper- 
opolis,  Cal.;  NEWTON  COPPER  MINE,  Amador  Co.,  Cal. 


The  Best  Mining  District 

On  the  Pacific  Coast  ! 

(JBASS    VALLEY,  CAL. 


THE  BEST  NEV?^*?PAPER  published  in  the  district  is 

Daily  and  Wetkly  editiotS-  Gives  all  the  Miuiofj  News. 
Dealers  in  Mining;  Maclifjjery  and  Milling  Supplies  will 
end  THE  TIDINGS  the  beslt  medium  for  directly  rcach- 
inir  the  owners  or  mar.itt,' Vs  of  mines.  Investors  in 
mfnes  will  find  it  to  their  advlf  "tage  to  subsciibe. 

Many  mines  are  iu  success'"'  operauon,  and  new 
enterprises  are  being  institutetSwand  many  others  are  in 
contemplation,  \ 

DAILY,  SO  00  a  year;  WEEKLY ,^,82  50,  in  adoance. 
H    S    SPiU'LDING,  Publisher. 

T.  0.  HOCKING,  Editor. 


0.    H.  EVANS    c^  CO. 

(aucoesBors  to  THOMSON  &  BVANSJ^' 

110  and   112   Beale    Street*'  S.  V, 

MACHINE  WORKsi'' 
Steam  Pumps,  Steam  EnginC* 


Sreat  Variety  of  SHOT  GUNS,  EIFIES, 

etc.    Breech-Loaders  from  S4  to  SIOO. 
SEND    STAMPS    FOR    PRICE    LISTS. 

GEO    W.  8HREVE, 

525  Kearny  Street,         San  Francisco,  Cal, 


Tioga  District   Mining  Company, 

Incorporated  June  11, 1SS9.    Capital  Stock,  810,000,000. 
BUY  AND  SELL 

California  Gold,  Silver,  Quicksilver,  Copper 
and  Lead  Mines 

OF    ASCERTAINED    VALUE. 

Office,  No.  13  PARBOTT'S  BUILDING,  N.  W. 

Corner  of  California  and  Montgomery  Streets, 

SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 

WU.  B.  WIOHTMAN,  Pres.       WM.  H.  V.  CRONISE.  See, 


FOR  SALE  CHEAP. 


One  new  double  circular  Sawmill  to  carry  60-inch  bot- 
tom saw,  with  wrought-iron  Ifangers  for  top  saw.  Frio- 
tion  feed-works,  patent  Bteel  screw  double-throw  head- 
blocks,  with  track  iroo,  saw  carriage  and  frame  complete. 

RISDON  IRON  &  LOCOMOTIVE  WORKS, 

Se.n  Francisco,  Cal. 


^p220MARKE:T.ST.S.r.-, 
v_.£tEVATOR  I£  FflONT.STAF.-J^ 


Mar.  15,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


189 


K'HE  l/'/OOD  WOP^KEjR. 


Wood-Bending  as  an  Industry. 

Thero  are  oompiratively  few  perBOns  oat> 
side  the  oarrUge  and  boat  buildinf;  interest 
that  know  to  whdt  an  extent  the  wood-bending 
buiiineaa  is  carried,  and  the  minagement  that 
ia  oeoeaoary  In  carryiag  on  a  weU-irranged 
wood-bending  establiahmeDt.  Few  know  that 
the  fine  carriages  they  ride  in  are  very  largely 
made  of  bent  wood.  The  felloeB  of  all  their 
wheels  are  bent  and  made  in  two  parte.  The 
framework  of  coaches  and  heavy  carriages  is 
nearly  all  made  of  bent  stock.  They  are  not 
only  better  made,  bat  are  more  cheaply  made. 

The  frames  of  most  of  our  pleasure  boats  are 
beat,  and  so  are  many  of  the  frames  of  some  of 
oar  tioest  sailing  yachts.  Furniture  of  many 
kinds  has  bent  frames.  All  the  celebrated 
Thonet  chairs,  which  for  comfort  and  beauty 
are  not  excelled  in  the  world,  are  entirely  of 
bent  wood.  The  object  of  bending  is  twofold 
— saving  of  time  and  stock,  and  stability  and 
strength  of  the  work  when  pot  together.  We 
ought  to  add  another — beauty  of  form.  Bent 
carriage  shafts  are  almost.  If  not  entirely,  used 
now,  Instead  of  the  ^old-faahloned,  clumsy, 
sswed  ones. 

It  is  a  business  that  needs  to  be  well  under- 
stood, however,  to  make  a  suooesB  of  it.  Sim- 
ply the  forms  to  bend,  or  the  steam  box  to 
soften  the  wood  In,  do  not  mak^  a  aucoess  of 
wood-bending.  We  must  know  perfectly  the 
natnre  of  the  stock  to  be  bent,  for  stock  is  so 
variable  that  no  two  pieces  bend  alike.  The 
length  of  time  to  be  steamed,  also,  has  muoh  to 
do  with  the  saccesB  in  bending.  Heavy  work 
needd  special  care  to  make  it  come  out  in  fine 
shape.  The  selection  of  stock,  also,  mnst  be 
closely  attended  to. 

Simple  as  the  work  seems  to  be,  yet  it  is  fall 
of  little  detiils  which  must  be  strictly  attended 
to,  else  the  result  is  a  miserable  failure.  The 
small  number  of  places  where  wood  is  bent  ae 
business,  makes  it  an  industry  in  which  there 
is  little  competition,  and  If  it  is  well  under- 
stood, and  the  necessary  details  strictly  at- 
tended to,  it  will  make  crood  returns  for  the 
money  invested. —  Wood- Worker. 


to  be  aaed,  as  lead  color,  red,  greon,  etc.  \Yhen 
mixed  toogb  and  allowed  time  to  harden  prop- 
erly it  wears  very  well,  but  of  course  it  does 
not  afi'ord  as  muoh  protection  to  the  wood  as  a 
heavier  body  of  paint  properly  applied, — Paint 
rr's  Magazine, 

Ckemona  Wood  for  Ohair.s. — A  Brooklyn 
furniture  dealer  advertises  solid  cremona  chairs. 
The  oremona  tree  is  well  known  to  lumber  mer- 
chants, and  the  imm^nae  cremona  forests,  in 
the  heart  of  Maine,  afford  employment  to  hun- 
dreds of  men  every  winter.  Tlie  white  cremona 
is  preferred  to  the  pitoh  variety  for  making 
furniture,  bat  the  Georgia  cremona  makes  ex- 
cellent fioors.  The  oremona  wood  absorbs  stain 
very  readily  and  Tarnishes  very  well.  The  ore- 
mona tree  is  a  cousin  of  the  Pompadour  bird, 
which  furnishes  the  feathers  for  the  Pompadour 
fan,  and  of  the  Oaahmere  goat,  which  furnishes 
the  wool  for  cashmere  dress  goods,  and  the 
common  ancestor  of  the  three  is  the  faambug, — 
Ex. 

Shoe  Peos. — One  of  the  great  wood-working 
industries  of  this  country  and  a  rapidly  growing 
one,  is  the  manufacture  of  shoe  pegs.  The  cap- 
ital invested  in  the  ten  factories  engaged  in  this 
industry  amounts  to  §175, 000 andgives employ- 
ment to  300  hands.  Within  the  recent  past, 
large  qaantities  of  shoe  pegs  were  imported 
from  Eogland,  but  now  the  United  States  ex- 
ports to  Eogland,  as  well  as  to  almost  every 
European  country.  To  the  uninitiated  it  will 
appear  as  one  of  the  conundrums  of  the  age 
how  they  can  be  produced  at  the  prices  they 
command  in  the  markets,  viz.:  35  cents  per 
bushel  for  those  called  two-eighths  up  to  95  cents 
for  eight-eighths. 

Progress  of  Wood  working  Machinery. — 
The  march  of  progress  is  to  be  seen  in  the 
highest  degree  in  the  line  of  wood-working  ma- 
chinery. Away  op  and  ahead  of  the  front 
raoks  is  found  the  E^an  Oompany  of  Cincinnati, 
0.  Their  original  time  and  labor-saving  ma- 
chines have  a  heavy  and  steady  demand  from 
not  only  tvery  section  of  this  country  but  from 
the  oatside  world.  This  firm  are  builders  of 
wood-cutting  machinery  of  all  kinds,  and  they 
lead  in  the  production  of  novel  machines. 


Out  of  style. 

Mahogany  is  now  seldom  used  for  furnitare. 
Indeed,  it  is  quite  out  of  style.  **  A  few  years 
ago,"  said  a  New  York  furniture  dealer,  "no- 
body cared  much  to  buy  bedsteads,  sideboards, 
tables,  book-cases  or  sofas  made  of  any  other 
wood  than  mahogany.  Indeed,  large  pieces  of 
furniture  of  any  of  the  lighter  woods  were 
thought  to  make  a  rather  vulgar  display.  The 
piano  was  the  only  exception  to  this  rule.  At 
all  times  rosewood  was  the  most  popular  frame 
for  one  of  these  instruments,  bat  this  was  not 
due  to  any  notion  that  rosewood  was  handsomer, 
bat  simply  to  the  fact  that  the  great  heaviness 
and  density  of  mahogany  stified  the  music. 
Now  black  walnut,  cherry,  ash,  oak-and  every 
sort  of  light  wood  that  will  take  a  high  polish, 
are  seen  In  fashionable  houses,  bat  of  the  heavy 
old  wine-colored  mahogany  rarely  a  stick,  I 
think  it  was  the  musical  necessity  of  using  a 
lighter  wood  in  the  manufacture  of  pianos  that 
caused  the  revolution  in  general  furniture-mak- 
ing. When  people  changing  thelt  residences 
saw  the  difficulty  with  which  pianos  were  car- 
ried to  the  vans,  they  began  to  wonder  bow 
muoh  power  it  would  cost  to  lift  them  if  they 
were  made  of  mahogany,  and  this  led  to  the  re- 
Eicttoo  that  fully  two-thirds  of  the  weight  of 
the  entire  honsehold  furniture  might  be 
knocked  off  if  it  were  manafactured  in  lighter 
woods. 

*'  Then  began  the  decadence  of  mahogany — 
deoadence  of  its  atility  as  a  farniture  wood,  I 
mean,  for  in  its  integral  parts  It  is  almost  ever- 
lasting. It  is  undoubtedly  the  richest,  hand- 
somest and  most  stately  of  all  woods,  but  its 
popularity  has  been  crushed  beneath  its  own 
weight.  A  few  conservative  people  in  New 
York,  and  many  la  Eogland,  still  furnish  their 
boases  with  it,  but  such  persons  are  not  afllict- 
ed  with  the  migratory  fever  that  leads  the 
average  American  family  to  seek  a  new  home 
aboat  once  in  two  years.  Mahogany  furnitare 
onoe  placed  in  position,  seems  to  be  nearly  as 
immovable  as  when  the  dark  wood  was  in  its 
native  forests,  and  the  restless,  nomadic  hoase- 
holder  of  to-day  does  not  oare  to  be  anchored 
to  his  dwelling."— iV;  T,  Sun. 

KNiFiNa-iN  is  a  term  of  comparatively  recent 
origin.  Strictly  speaking,  it  refers  to  a  quick 
process  of  filling  the  grain  of  wood,  instead  of 
using  rough  stuff  out  down  with  block  pumice- 
atone.  The  paint  is  mixed  quite  heavy — really 
a  soft  putty — which  is  brustiel  on  heavy,  and 
after  it  sets  a  little  it  is  worked  into  the  wood 
with  the  putty  knife,  and  also  worked  down  as 
level  as  possible,  bat  left  somewhat  heavy  on 
the  wood.  It  is  allowed  two  or  three  days  to 
harden,  and  is  then  cat  down  nicely  with  sand- 
paper. If  properly  done^  it  stands  for  the 
completion  of  the  surfacing  prooess,  and  it  is 
followed  by  the  color  coats.  It  is  better  adapted 
to  express-wagon  bodies  than  to  vehicles  having 
large,  plain  panels.  Express-wagon  bodies  are 
out  up  by  the  rails  Into  a  number  of  small  pan- 
els, and  anlesa  the  panels  are  filled  and  "rubbed 
oat "  before  being  put  in  it  is  most  tedioaa  work 
to  rab  them  out  of  rough  stuff.  The  paint  will 
dry  and  out  down  sharper  if  it  is  composed  of 
one-third  fine  yellow  ocher,  and  it  may  be  col- 
ored to  agree  somewhat  ^ith  the  oolor  that  ia 


Wood-Carving  in  Switzerland. — The  in- 
dustry of  wood-carving,  according  to  a  recent 
publication,  was  introduced  into  Sivitzerland 
some  60  or  70  years  ago  by  a  native  of  Brienz 
named  Ohristian  Fischer,  who  used  to  spend 
his  spare  time  in  making  trifiing  objects  for 
sale.  He  started  a  night  school  for  the  benefit 
of  the  neighborhood,  and  thna  laid  the  founda- 
tion of  an  industry  which  now  gives  em- 
ployment to  between  5000  and  6000  persons. 

Ordinary  Whitewood  can  be  given  the  ap- 
pearance of  blaofe  walnut  by  first  thoroughly 
drying  the  wood  and  then  warming  two  or 
three  times  with  a  strong  squeons  solution  of 
extract  of  walnut  peel.  When  nearly  dried 
the  wood  thua  treated  ia  washed  over  with  a 
solution  made  of  one  part  (by  weight)  of  bi- 
chromate of  potash  in  five  parts  of  boiling 
water.  After  drying  thoroughly,  rub  and 
poliah,        


The  Colorado  Canyon.  —  The  engineers 
who  have  lately  made  the  sncoesaful  trip 
through  the  G-rand  Canyon  of  the  Colorado 
river  say  that  the  reports  about  discoveries  of 
valuable  deposits  of  rook  salt  and  coal  are  all 
nonsense.  No  prospecting  for  mineral  was 
done.  No  one  familiar  with  prospecting  for 
ores  was  with  the  party  after  the  departure  of 
MacDonald.  There  may  be  valuable  depoaits 
of  mineral  along  the  canyon  portion  of  the 
river,  but  not  to  the  knowledge  of  the  party, 
and  there  certainly  are  not  large  depoaits  of 
salt  or  coal, 

A.  S.  Ringgold  and  his  son-in-law,  Edward 
A.  Wood,  were  arrested  at  Spokane  Falls  on 
Friday  night  for  arson.  The  elder  man  con- 
fessed to  a  plot,  with  several  others,  to  burn 
the  town  because  they  were  dissatisfied  with 
the  distribution  of  property.  Seven  five-gallon 
cans  full  of  coal  oil  and  a  quantity  of  waste 
and  oiled  shavings   were  found   in   Ringgold's 


List  of  U,  S.  Patents  for  Pacific  Coast 
Inventors, 

Reported  by  Dewey  &  Co..  Pioneer  Patent 
Solicitors  for  Pacific  Coast. 

FOR  THE  WEEK  ENDING   MARCH  4,  1890. 

422,683.— Car  Bkake  Handle— C,  W.  Atden, 
Stockton,  Cal. 

422  491.— Farm  Gate— F,  W.  B^Ardslee,  Berke- 
ley, Cal. 

422.897.— Fru!T.I)riek—W.  a.  Beck,  S.  F. 

422,698.  —  Ckntrikugal  Pulverizer  —  Jos. 
Behm,  San  Jose,  Cal. 

422.727.  —  Car-Wheel  and  Axle— T.  C. 
Churchman,  Sacramento,  Cal. 

422,576.— KNn>:  Box  Kuhber  for  Printing 
Presses -W.  H.  Eaeer,  S.  K, 

422,750,- Polishing  Powder— Emma  P.  Eells, 
S.  F. 

422  58r.— Quartz-Mill- J.  W.  Fairfield,  Pa- 
cific Beach,  C:>I. 

422,793.— Feed-Water  Heater— K.  C.  Jordan, 
Sacramento,  Cal. 

422,817.— Car  Lock— E.  C.  Merrill,  Oakland, 
Cal. 

422,831. — Gate— Win.  A.  Pierce,  Napa,  Cal. 

422,630. — Heating  Api>aratus— J.  Rice,  San 
Jose,  Cal. 

422,892.— Clip  for  Rope  Tramways— R.  Row- 
land, Romlev.  Colo. 

422.636.— Shell  for  High  Explosives— A.  W. 
von  Schmidt.  S.  F. 

422,840.— Gaiter  Boot— I.  Schroeder,  S.  F. 

422.662. — Wrench— J,  Tomlinson,  Folsom,  Cal. 

422,664. — Photographic  Shutter— J.  R.  Tre- 
go, S.  F. 

The  (ollowiag  brief  list  by  telegraph,  for  March  11,  will 
appear  more  complete  on  receipt  of  mail  advices: 

California— James  A.  Anerwia,  Oakland,  machine  for 
appl}'iug  hoije  couplintfs;  Milton  A.  Clennan,  assigneo  of 
one-liaU  to  C.  51.  Prevear,  S.  P.,  pneumatic  railway; 
Darwin  0.  Livormore,  Loa  Gatoa,  sagh  fastener;  Warren 
F.  Mills,  8.  P.,  device  f  jr  loadin}:;  ships;  Viola  Moore,  S, 
F  ,  music-atand  and  portfolio;  Jo'ieph  L.  Sbillman, 
I'resno,  ant  trap;  Joseph  S.  Tamer,  San  Fernando,  sasli- 
fagtener;  George  A.  Pratt,  Brownsville,  book  index  and 
casing. 

NOTB.— Copies  of  U.  S.  and  Foreipn  patents  furnished 
by  Dewey  &  Co.,  in  the  shortest  time  possible  (hv  mail 
or  telegraphic  order).  American  and  Foreign  patents 
obtained,  and  ijrcneral  patent  business  for  Pacific  Coaet 
inventors  transacted  with  perfect  security,  at  reasonable 
rates,  and  in  the  shortest  possible  time. 


Mechanics'  Institute. — The  Board  of  Trua- 
teee  of  the  Mechanics'  Institute  met  on  S'^tar- 
day  evening,  and  elected  the  following  offioers 
for  the  eoBuing  year:  Prea.,  David  Kerr;  V. 
P.,  Irwin  C.  Stamp;  Treaa.,  A,  W.  Starbird; 
E.ec,  Sec'y.  C.  F,  Baaaett;  Cor,  Sec'y,  S.  J. 
Hendy,  The  Inatitate  now  has  3970  members 
in  good  standing. 

The  Pleea  dredger,  built  at  the  Globe 
foundry,  Stockton,  has  been  launched.  This  ie 
the  fourth  built  in  that  city  by  W.  P.  Pleaa, 
who  has  several  patents  on  his  dredging  ma- 
chinery. 

Ik  the  higher  mountain  ranges  of  Colorado 
they  are  having  a  similar  experience  this  win- 
ter to  California,  Immense  quantities  of  enow 
have  fallen,  impeding  travel  and  hindering 
work, 

A  nugget  worth  $150  was  found  in  P,  GiUle'a 
dam  at  Loa  Burros,  Monterey  county.  It  will 
surpriae  many  California  miners  to  learn  that 
there  are  nuggets  in  the  Coast  Kitnge. 

With  anow  five  feet  deep  at  Sehome,  Waah,, 
the  people  are  still  obliged  to  fight  a  forest  fire 
that  has  been  raging  near  town  for  several 
weeks. 


.  Notices  of  Recent  Patents. 

Among  the  patents  recently  obtained  through 
Dewey  &  Co.'s  Scientific  Press  U,  S.  and 
Foreign  Patent  Agency,  the  following  are 
worthy  of  special  mention: 

Photographic  Bhutter. — Joseph  R.  Trego, 
assignor  of  one-half  to  Henry  C.  0>?ene,  S, 
F,  No.  422.664,  Dited  March  4,  1890.  This 
improvement  ia  photographic  ahuttera  and  the 
means  for  operating  them  oonsista  of  an  air- 
impelled  piaton  reciprocating  in  a  cylinder,  s 
piaton-rod  and  alide  and  a  lever  connected  with 
the  shutter  and  engaged  by  said  slide,  eo  as  to 
be  opened,  and  mechanism  for  closing  the  shut 
ter  when  released,  together  with  certain  details 
of  construction. 

Centrifugal  Pulverizer. — Joseph  Bshm, 
San  Jose.  No.  422  698.  Dited  March  4, 1890, 
This  invention  relates  to  oertain  improvements 
inapparatas  for  pulverizing  ores,  and  is  eape 
oially  applicable  to  an  apparatus  for  which  let- 
ters patent  were  issued  to  the  same  inventor 
Nov.  6,  ISSS,  This  patent  covers  improvements 
in  constrnccion  on  the  other  machine. 

Quartz-Mill. — Jason  W.  Fairfield,  Pacific 
Beach,  San  Diego  Go,  No.  422,581.  Dated 
March  4,  1890.  This  is  one  of  that  class  of 
mills  for  crushiog  quartz  and  other  substances, 
in  which  the  material  is  cruahed  or  pulverized 
within  a  cylinder  or  casing  by  the  action  of  a 
crushing  muller  or  weight,  and  the  invention 
consists  in  the  novel  construction  and  arrange 
ment  of  the  parts. 

Clips  for  Hope  Tramways. — Robert  Row- 
land, of  Romley,  Chaffee  county,  Colorado,  as 
slgnor  to  A.  S.  Hallidie,  S.  F.  No.  422,892 
Dited  March  4,  1890.  This  invention  relates 
to  that  olaas  of  clips  for  nse  in  connection  with 
endless  ropeways  fur  carrying  the  load  and 
container  in  which  a  flexible  leaf  is  caused  to 
bend  over  and  tighten  upon  the  wire  rope,  said 
leaf  being  secured  to  and  carried  by  a  body 
portion,  from  one  end  of  which  the  load  or  con- 
tainer is  carried.  The  general  objact  of  the  in- 
vention is  to  provide  an  improvea  clip  of  this 
class  in  which  the  parte  are  all  independent 
and  separate  from  one  another,  whereby  when 
any  part  ia  worn  out  it  may  be  readily  re< 
placed  by  a  new  one. 

Gate  — Wra,  A,  Pierce,  Napa,  No.  422,831. 
Dated  March  4,  1890.  The  invention  relates 
to  that  class  of  gates  which  are  operated  by 
means  of  suitable  connecting  cords  or  ropes, 
whereby  the  gate  ia  moved  from  side  to  open 
and  close  the  roadway.  The  object  is  to 
provide  a  simple  and  effective  gate  adapted 
to  be  readily  and  easily  operated,  moving  with 
but  little  exercise  of  power  and  with  the 
minimum  of  friction, 

Car-Lock. — Eugene  C.  Merrill,  Weat  Oak 
land.  No.  422,S"17.  Dated  March  4,  1890. 
This  is  a  looking  device  for  car-doors  consisting 
of  a  hasp  connecting  the  door  with  the  door 
frame,  and  having  a  transverse  groove  or  chan- 
nel, a  vertically  sliding  bolt  or  bar  engaging 
said  groove  and  a  lock  with  a  bolt  which  engages 
and  retains  the  sliding*bar. 

Knife-Box  Rubber  for  Printing  Presses, 
Walter  H.  Fager,  S.  F,  No.  432,676,     Dated 


March  4,  1S90.  This  invention  relates  to  cer- 
tain improvements  in  the  apparatus  connected 
with  printing  and  folding  maobines  and  which 
la  designed  to  aever  the  paper  at  the  proper 
point.  It  consista  of  improved  elastic  supports 
which  are  placed  in  the  knife-box  upon  each  - 
aide  of  the  knife.  In  presses  which  print  from 
oontinuona  rolls  of  paper  a  knife  is  fixed  in  the 
knife-box  at  the  proper  point  so  that  the  paper 
will  be  pressed  upon  the  edge  of  the  knife  by  a 
roll  between  which  and  the  knife  the  paper  is 
pasEed,  and  this  action  severs  the  paper.  This 
invention  consiata  of  a  rubber  strip  made  con- 
tinuous and  the  unper  edge  standing  at  the 
proper  level  with  relation  to  the  edge  of  the 
knife,  and  in  this  strip  transverse  slots  or  chan- 
nels are  cut.  By  reason  of  the  cuts  or  chan- 
nels in  the  edges  of  the  rubber  through  which 
the  points  prcjaot,  the  inventor  is  enabled  to 
make  the  rubber  muoh  more  elastic  by  allowing 
spaces  into  which  it  may  be  oompressed  when 
the  pressure  is  brought  upon  the  edge,  and  by 
this  means  he  la  enibled  to  substitute  the  con* 
tlnuous  rubber  atrip  for  the  wooden  strips  here- 
tofore in  use.  It  is  easily  retained  in  place  in 
the  box. 

An  Improved  Quarry  Hoisting  Engine. 

[Oonliiiu'd/rom  page  179  ) 

moving  the  reveraiog  lever  either  way  from  a 
central  position,  enabling  a  man  of  ordinary  In- 
telligence to  handle  a  heavy  block  of  stone  of 
from  10  to  25  tons'  weight  safely  and  accn- 
rately,  aa  it  can  be  hoisted  and  lowered  ex- 
actly to  an  inch. 

For  handling  amaller  blocks  of  stone,  or  the 
ordinary  stone  boats  loaded  with  small  stone, 
the  quick  speed  can  be  used  for  hoisting, 
while,  on  attaining  the  desired  hight,  the 
clutch  may  be  thrown  out  of  gear,  and  the 
stone  or  boat  lowered  by  means  of  the  foot- 
brake.  All  parts  of  the  engine  are  made,  in 
the  manufacturers  usual  manner,  to  gauges, 
and  on  the  interchangeable  part  system,  and 
finished  parts  are  always  kept  in  stock.  The 
entire  engine  is  built  In  the  most  thorough 
manner  to  withstand  the  great  strains,  and  will 
last  for  years  without  the  constant  expense  and 
annoyance  of  repairs  which  are  entailed  upon 
the  imperfectly  conatruoted  engines  hitherto 
used. 

Steel  or  iron  wire  rope  is  generally  used  with 
this  style  of  engine,  from  one  to  two  inches 
diameter,  according  to  the  size  of  the  stone  to 
be  handled,  although  chain  or  hemp  rope  may 
be  used  if  desired. 

Every  engine  is  thoroughly  tested  by  steam 
before  being  shipped.  Unless  specially  ordered, 
smooth  drums  are  furnished  with  these  engines 
and  not  grooved  as  shown  in  the  engraving. 
Farther  information  will  be  cheerfully  furnished 
by  the  Parke  &  Lacy  Company  of  this  city, 
the  Pacific  Coast  agents  of  the  Lidgerwood 
Manufacturing  Co. 


About  DowNiEVfLLE, — One  of  our  subscrib- 
ers writing  from  Downievitle,  Sierra  oonnty, 
under  date  of  March  4  h,  says  the  only  mail 
they  have  received  for  a  long  time  was  brought 
on  men's  backs  or  snowshoes,  so  that  very  little 
except  letters  has  come  through.  The  stage 
company  are  doing  all  in  their  power  to  open 
the  road,  and  have  lost  several  valuable  horses 
from  exhaustion  in  the  attempt,  *'  This  is  the 
most  severe  winter  ever  known  here,  the  snow 
lying  very  deep  all  around.  All  business  is  at 
a  standstill,  the  principal  occupation  being 
shoveling  snow  and  bunting  around  for  wood, 
which  is  very  scarce." 


Don't  Pail  to  Write. 

Should  this  paper  be  received  by  any  subscriber  who 
does  not  want  it,  or  beyond  the  time  he  intends  to  pay 
for  it,  let  him  not  fail  to  write  us  direct  to  stop  it  A 
postal  card  (costing  one  cent  only)  will  suffice.  We  will 
not  knowingly  send  the  paper  to  any  one  who  does  not 
wish  It,  but  If  it  is  continued,  through  the  failure  of  the 
Bubsoriber  to  notify  us  to  discontinue  It,  or  some  Irre- 
sponsible p»rty  requested  to  ntop  lb,  we  shall  postHvelv 
demand  payment  for  the  time  it  ia  sent.     Look  oarefdllt 

AT  TUB  LABEL  ON  YOUR  PAPER. 


The  Mohawk  Canal  &  Improvement  Com- 
pany has  incorporated  to  operate  the  Mohawk 
canal,  situated  in  Mohawk  valley,  A.  T.,  and 
to  extend  the  same  for  irrigation  purposes.  Di- 
rectors— R  H,  McDonald,  Frank  V.  McDon- 
ald, D.  S.  Djrn,  K.  J.  Davis  and  Dr.  John  C, 
Spencer.  Capital  stock,  $1,000,000,  all  of 
which  has  been  subscribed. 


The  Sin  Franciaco  Mint  is  now  running  un- 
der full  pressure,  and  it  ia  estimated  that  during 
the  present  month  600,000  silver  dollars  will  be 
coined,  or  about  the  aame  amount  as  was  turned 
out  during  February.  The  coinage  of  gild  will 
not  be  neglected,  and  this  month  about  $2,000,- 
000  worth  of  the  precious  metal  will  be  turned 
into  American  money. 

Reduction  Works  Burned. — On  Wednes- 
day night  the  reduction  works  at  Rsno,  Nev., 
were  entirely  destroyed  by  fire.  The  loss  ia 
about  170,000,  with  $10,000  insurance. 


The  little  town  of  Ciaey  Hill,  Penn.,  which 
was  located  over  an  abandoned  coal  mine,  has 
been  wrecked  by  caves,  and  a  number  of  peo- 
ple were  icjired. 

The  failure  of  Balloc  Freres'  bank  in  this 
oity  was  brought  abnut,  it  is  said,  by  being 
mixed  up  in  the  French  copper  syndioate 
trouble, 


190 


Mining"  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Mab,  15,  1890 


PERFECTED 

DOUBLE 


111. 


Attached  to  each  Hill 
is  an  effective 

Automatic  Ore 
Feeder. 

THE  CRUSHING  la  done  by  the  rapid  rocking  movement  in  opposite  mBEOTiONS  ot 
two  heavy  castings,  the  bottoms  of  which  are  slightly  circular  in  form,  and  each  provided  with 
our  shoes. 

The  Mill  is  a  closer  Gold-Saver  and  catches  a  larger  percentaere  of 
the  Glean-up  in  the  Battery  than  any  other  Mill. 

It  costs  less,  in  proportion  to  what  it  will  do,  than  any  other  mill.  There  are  no  working 
parts  to  buy  for  it,  no  matter  how  long  it  is  used,  except  shoea  and  dies.  Capacity  of  Mill,  g 
to  10  tons  per  day.     Weight  of  Mill,  complete,  6400  pounds. 

We  manufacture,  to  go  with  the  Mill,  an 

IMPROVED    ROCK    BREAKER. 

Power  required  for  Mill  and  Rook  Breaker,  6  H.  P.     Send  for  Ciecolak.     Address 


TATUM  &  BOWEN 


34  and  36  FREMONT  ST.,  SAN    FRANOISOO,    OAL., 

AND    PORTLAND,   OREGON. 

MANUFACTURERS   OF   MINING  AND  SAW  MILL  MACHINERY. 


s-^l-ve:     itflioivrEs 


BY    USING 


WATER  POWER  TRANSMITTED  BY  ELECTRICITY 

To  Run  your   Mills,  Hoists   and   Trams. 

For  Circular  giving  particulars  send  to 

KEITH    ELECTRIC    CO., 


•  MAN0FACTURERS  OF  - 


Apparatus  for  Electric  Light  and  Electric  Power 


OFFICE,  40  NEVADA  BLOCK, 


Factory.  Stevenson  St.,  tet.  First  and  Eeker. 


SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAl. 


ESTAiSLilSHED    1866. 


Pacific  Chemical  Works. 

HENRY    Q.    HANKS, 

Practical  and  Indnstrial  Chemist,  Assayer 
and  Geologist, 


718  MONTGOMERY  ST., 


SAN  FRANCISCO. 


I^Will  report  on  the  condition  and  value  of  any  mining;  property  on 
the  Pacific  Coast.  Rare  Chemicala  made  to  order.  InetruotionB  g:iveD  in 
Assayinc  and  Practical  Chemistry 


VAN   DUZEPa'S 

STEAMjetPUMP 

For  Water  Snpply  Tniilu. 

For  Fire  P«i»i»  on  ^'urtl  or  Swtivli  Kng^ineH. 

For  Bonnil  IIoiiho  «eneral  ^Vorh. 

For  Draining  FoucIm.  Fittt.  Colter  Dams,  etc. 

10  SlxeM.    87  to  $l~5.    Ttiousands  iu  use- 
Write  for  Descriptiva  Pump  Circular,  V 

VAN  DUZEI^  «,  TIFT,  CINCINNATI,  O, 


GRANGER'S  ROLLER  STAMP  Mill 

Boats  them  all,   "Works  dry  ores.   JIakes  even  gran- 
ulalioQ.    Xo  duad  work,  hence  nilnimnm  wear. 

A.  P.  GRANGEK,  Denver,  Colo. 


GRANGER'S  DRY  ORE  SEPARATOR 

The  very  hest.  Uses  no  water.  No  freezing"  up. 
Saves  hnn'lins  waste.  Saves  high  perconlage.  Send 
i'or  circulars, 

A.  P,  GRA2TGER,  Denver,  Colo, 


FRISBEE  WET  MILL. 

This  Mill,  with  a  weight  of  less  than  9000  pounds, 

has  a  capacity  of  three  tons  per  hour  of  hard 

quartz  to  40  mesh ;  has  been  thoroughly 

tested ;  we  guarantee  its  work  as 

represented,  and  we  will  give 

long  time   trial. 


IT    HAS  NO  MORE  WEARING  PARTS  THAN  CORNISH  ROLLS 

And  reDewala  will  not  coat  over  one-half  as  much  as  for  stamps.  Will  run  empty,  or  with  amuU 
amount  of  ore  without  injury.  The  attention  of  parties  having  Cement  Gravel  is  called  to  this 
Mill,  aa  it  will  run  100  tone  per  day  to  No.  8  mesh;  30  to  35  H.  P. 

OUR  DRY  MILLS  are  the  moat  economioal  ever   built,  and   are  extensively  used  with 
record  of  several  years.    No  grinding  in  Dans.    Mill  finishes  to  any  fineneas  desired. 

FRISBEE-LUCOP  MILL  COMPANY. 

GIDEON  FRISBEE,  Manager,        -        -       59  &  61  First  Street,  San  Francisco 
HOOKER  &  LAWRENCE.  Gen'l  Ag'is,  145  Broadway,  New  York. 


Vulcan  Iron  "Woi^^s, 

135-145  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco,  Oal. 

Mining  Machinery.  Steam  Engines. 


STAMP  BATTERIES, 

PANS  AND  SETTLERS, 

ROCK  BREAKERS,  ETC.,  ETC. 


SAW-MILL  ] 

cable-road     -machinery. 
refrigeratingJ 


Special  Machinery  to  Order. 

AERIAL    WIRE    ROPEWAYS. 

(Vulcan  Patenc  System) 

SINGLE,   ENDLESS    TRAVELING   ROPE. 

Klevated  on  Wooden  Posts,  from  150  to  2000  feet  apart, 
conveying  Bucketa  of  Ore,  coal,  Wood,  etc. 

No  Posstbillty  of  Load  Slipping. 

Cheapest  Form  of  Tranaportation. 

No  road   needed;    can  be  run   vertically     No  power 
needed  if  angle  of  dcBcent  be  more  tbao  8  aegreee. 

CAN   SPAN   GUI.CHES   3000  FEET  WIDE. 


LIDGERWOOD  M'F'G  CO. 


MANUFACTDRERS     OF 


HOISTING  ENGINES. 

300  Styles  anl  Sizes.  Over  6000  in  U^e. 


96  Liberty  St,  New 
York. 

3i  &  36  West  Monroe 
St.,  Chicago. 

197  to  203  Congress  St, 
Boston. 

FAME  &LACY  CO., 

Agents, 
San  Francisco,  Cal. 


Send  for  Catalogae. 


DEWEY  &  CO.  {'''^g.S'vlig.f.Tal'SbSi"'}  PATENT  AGENTS. 


Mab.  15,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific*  Press. 


191 


AMALGAMATING  MACHINERY. 

sump  Mills  lor  Wei  or  Drjr  Crushing. 
Huntington  Contrllugal  Quartz  Mill.  Dr)lng 
Cyllndtrs.  Amalgamating  Pans,  Settlors, 
Agitators  and  Cor^centrators.  Retorts,  Bul- 
lion and  Ingot  Moulds,  Convenors,  Elevators, 
Bruckner^  and  Howell's  Improved  White's 
Roasting  Furnaces,  Etc. 


FRASER &  CHALMERS, 

MINING  MACHINERY 


IMPROVED  CORLISS  va^^v^eIV^Ii,.  ENGINES.     *X*     BOILERS 


GONCENTRATING  MACHINERY. 

Blake,  Dodgoaad  Comet  Crushers,  Cornish 
Crushing  and  Finishing  Rolls.  Hartz  Plunger 
and  Collom  Jigs.  Frue  Vartner  &  Embrey 
Concentrators,  Evans'»  Calumet,  Collom's 
and  Rlttonger's  Slime  Tables.  Trommels. 
Wire  Cloth  and  Punched  Plates.  OreSam- 
pie  Grinders  and  Heberle  Mills. 


HORIZONTAL.    VERTICAL 
.  .  .  AND  SECTIONAL.  .  .  . 


IIMCI^ROV 


Sir3E£i%.iyC     ST^a^IVCE^S 


Hoisting  Engines, 
Safety  Cages, 

Safety  Hooks, 

Ore  GARS,  Water  &  Ore 
BUCKETS, 

Air  Compressors, 

Rock  Drills,  Etc. 

GENERAL  MILL  AND 
MINING  SUPPLIES,  ETC. 
Sectional  Machinery 

FOR 

VULE-BACK 

TRANSPORTATION. 


General  Offices  and  Works: 

BRANCH  OFFICES:  "Tv^Moin^sZt^ 

Oallo  de  Juarex.        LIMA,  PERU,  South  America, 
sr>L,W,     WESTERN    AGENTS     FOR 


Pumping  Engines 

and  Cornish 

Pumping  Machinery, 

IMPROVED 
WATER    JACKET 

Blast  Furnaces  for 
Galena  &  Copper  Ores, 

SLAG  CARS  AND  POTS, 

Roots  &  Baker 
Pressure  Blowers, 

SUSPENDED 

TRAMWAYS. 


FULTON  AND   UNION   STS.,   CHICAGO,    iLL. 

,  No.  2  Wall  St.  DENVER,  COLO.,  1316  Eighteenth  St.  SALT  LAKE  CITY,  UTAH, 
St.  LONDON,  ENC,  23  Bucklersbury,  E.  C.  CHIHUAHUA  CITY,  MEXICO,  No.  II 
JOHANNESBURG,  TRANSVAAL,  South  Africa. 

TYLER    WIBE    'WORKS    DOOBLB    OBIMPKD    MINING    OLOTTS. 


THE     PELTOIT     V7A.TER     VTSEEL 

GIVES    THE    HIGHEST    EFFICIENCY    OF    ANY     WHEEL    IN     THE    WORLD. 


.^ 


C5  3Nr      "\7V.A.T7ES 


OVER  800  ALREADY  IN  USE. 

Afiforda  the  Moat  Simple  ancl  Reliable  Power  for  all 
Mining  and  Manufaotaring  Machinery. 

Adapted  to  heads  running  from  20  up  to  2,000  feet. 

From  12  to  20  per  cent  better  results  guaranteed  than 
can  be  produced  from  any  other  Wheel  in  the  Country. 

ELECTRIC  TRANSMISSION. 

Power  rem  these  Wheels  can  be  transmitted  long 
distances  with  small  loss,  and  is  now  extensively  used  in 
all  parts  of  the  country  for  generating  both  power  and 
light. 

APPLIOATIONS 

Should  state  amount,  and  head  of  water,  power  required, 
and  for  what  purpose  ;  with  approximate  length  of  pipe  ; 
also,  whether  the  application  in  with  reference  to  WheeU 
or  ifoiors  described  below.     SEND  FOR  CIRCULARS. 

The  Pelton  Water  Wheel  Co. 

121  HAIN  ST.,  SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 

lS/£ 


Varying  from  the  fraction  of  1  up  to  15  and  20-horse  power.     Uoequaled    for   all   ligbt-runnioe   maohinery.     Warranted  to  develop  a  given 
amount  nf  power  with  one-half  the  water  required  by  any  other.     0^  SEND  FOR  MOTOR  CIRCULAR.     ADDRESS  AS  ABOVE. lEt 


ffletalllirgy  apd  Ores. 


SELBY 

SMELTING  and  LEAD  CO.. 

416  Hontgromery  St.,  San  Francisco. 

GOLD    AND    SILVER    REFINERY 
And  Assay  Office. 

Highest  Prices  Paid  for  Odd,  Silver  and 
Lead  Ores  and  Solphnrets. 

MAMUPACrroniRB  or...« 

BLUESTONE, 

LEAD  PIPE, 

SHEET  LEAD, 

SHOT,  Etc.,  Etc. 

ALSO   HANUl'AOTUHKRU    OY 

Standard    Shot-Gun    Cartridges, 

UDdor  Chamborlin  Patent. 


JAMES    LEFFBL'S 

Mining  Turbine  Water  Wheel. 

These  Wheels  are  designed  (or  all  purposes  where  limited  quantities  of  water  and 
high  heads  are  utilized,  and  are  guaranteed  to  give  more  power  with  lees  water  than 
any  other  wheel  made.  Beint;  placed  on  horizontal  shaft,  the  power  is  transmitted 
direct  to  shafting  by  belts,  diBpenelng  with  gearing. 

Elstimates  furnished  on  application  for  wheels  specially  built  and  adapted  in 
capacity  to  suit  any  particular  case. 

Further  information  can  be  obtained  of  this  form  of  coDatniction,  ae  well  ae  the 
ordinary  Vertical  Turbines  for  Wooden  Penstocks  and  in  Iron  Olobe  Cases,  free  of  cost, 
by  applying  to  the  manufacturers. 


JAMES 
Springfield,  Ohio, 


LEFFBL    &    OO., 

or  110  liberty  St.,  New  York. 


FBASBR    &    CHALMERS,  General  Aeenta, 

OhlcBgo,  111.,  and  Denver,  Col. 

PARKS    St   LACY,  General  Agents,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


CALIFORNIA   IRON  YARD. 

HENRY  J.  ROGERS  &  CO, 

Succeeaors  to  CHAS.  CALLAHAN 

IMPORTSRS   AND   DEALBRS   IN 

CAST  and  WROUGHT  IRON  SCRAP 

SECOND-HAND     BOIILERS 

AND  OI,D  MACHINEKT 

Of  every  deaorlption. 

Tie  Hlgliest  Price  pall  for  all  MMs  ol  Metals, 

Opfiob  and  Takd:    128  and  130  Folaom  St.,  8.  F 

Telephone  No.  67. 


Should  coDBult 
DEWEY  &  OO. 
Am  erioab 


California  Inventors 

AND  Foreign  Patent  Hulioitorh,  for  obtaining  Patenta 
and  Caveats.  Eetabliahed  in  1860.  Their  long  experience  aa 
joumaliats  and  large  practice  as  Patent  attorneys  enables 
them  to  offer  Pacific  Ooaat  Inventors  far  bett>er  service  'ban 
they  can  obtain  elsewhere.  Send  for  free  circulara  of  Infor- 
mation. Office  of  the  Mjniho  AND  Soientifjo  Pbsbs  arirl 
rAOiFio  BuBAX  Pbess,  No.  SaO  Marks  8t„  Ban  FraadBc  o. 
Elerator,  11  Vtomi  Bl 


THOMAS  PRICE  &  SON, 

Assay  OflSce,  Chemical  Laboratory, 

BULLION  ROOMS  and  ORE  FLOORS, 

524  Sacramento  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

COIN  RETURNS  ON  ALL  BULLION  DEPOSITS  IN  24  HOURS. 

WORKING    TESTS    OF    ORES    BY    ALL    PROCESSES. 

SPECIAL  ATTENTION  PAID  TO  CONCENTRATION  OF  ORES. 
Ores  Received  on  Oonsignment.  Sampled,  Assayed,  and  Disposed 
Of  in  the  Open  Market  to  the  Highest  Bidder. 


JOHN  TAYLOR  &  CO..' 

lUPOKTKKS   AND    DKAbHHe    IN 

ASSAYERS'    MATERIALS,     MINE 
AND  MILL  SUPPLIES, 

ALSO  CHEMICALS.    AND    PHYSICAL,  SCHOOL    AND 

CHEMICAL  APPAItATUrf. 

Oft  &  65  First  St.,  cor.  Allsslon^San  Franclsoo. 

^>y--^      We  would  call  the  attention  of  ^;^;-;=x=r-;s^ 

^  ^^  AsBaycra,  ChoniistN,  Mining  Com-  '^'^^-^^-j^^/ 
panics,  Milling  Companies,  Proa-  ^ATTERSE^ 
peotors,  etc.,  to  onr  full  stock  of       T:r— — -r? 
BalanccB,   Furnacca,    Muffles,  Crucibles,    Scori- 
Qers,    etc,    inoluiiing,    also,  a    full     stock     of 
Chemicals. 

Having  been  engaged  in  furnishing  these  sup- 
plies  slnoi  the  first  discovery  of  mines  on  the 
Pacific  Coast,  we  feel  confident  from  our  experi- 
ence we  can  well  suit  the  demand  for  these 
goods,  both  as  to  quality  and  price. 

Agents  for  the  Morgan  Crucible  Co.* 
B»tterBoa,  England.  Also  for  K.  O.  Denulg- 
ton's  Silver  Plated  Amalgam  Plates.  The  plates 
of  this  well-known  manufacturer  are  thoroughly  relia- 
ble, and  full  weight  of  Silver  guaranteed,  Ordots  taken 
at  his  lowest  prices.  Our  Illustrated  Catalogue  and  As 
say  Tables  sent  free  on  application. 

JOHN  TAYLOR  A  OO. 


Nevada  Metallurgical  Works. 

NO.  23  STEVENSON  STREET, 

Near  First  and  Market  Streets,  S.  F. 

C.  A.  LaoKQAROT,  Manager.  Establibbbd  1809 

Ores  worked  by  any  Frooesa, 
Ores  Sampled. 

Assaying  in  all  its  Branches, 
Analyses  of  Ores,  Minerals,  Waters,  eto. 
Working  Tests  (practical)  Made. 
Flans   and   Specifications   furnished   for   the 
most  suitable  Process  for  Working  Ores. 

Special   attention  paid    to  Examinations   of 
Mines;  Plans  and  Reports  furnished. 

O.  A.  LUCKHARDT  A  OO^ 
(Formerly  Huhn  &  Luckhardt, 
MlnltUT  Engineers  and  MetallurirlBtB 


GREAT     REDUCTION! 

BATTERY    SCREENS. 

Best  and  Cheapest  In  America. 

No  imitation,  no  deception,  no  planished  or  rotten 
Iron  used.  Only  genuine  Russia  iron  in  Quartz  Soreons. 
Planished  iron  screens  at  aearl\'  half  my  former  rates. 

I  have  a  large  supply  of  Battery  Screens  on  hand 
suitable  for  the  Huntington  and  all  Stamp  Mills,  which  I 
will  sell  at  20  per  cent  discount. 


PERFORATED  SHEET  METAL 

For  Flour  and  Rice  Mills,  Grain  Separators,  Revolving 
and  Shot  Screens,  Stamp  Batteries  and  all  kinds  of  Min 
ing  and  Milling  Machinery.  Iron,  Steel,  Copper,  Brass. 
Zinc  and  other  motals  punched  tor  all  uses. 

Inventor  and  Manufacturer  of  the  celebrated  Slot  Cut 
or  burred  and  Slot  Punched  Screens. 

Mining  Screens  a  specialty,  from  No.  1  to  16  (QoeJ. 
Orders  promptly  attended  to. 

San  Francisco  Pioneer  Screen  Works, 


ZZl  &  323  First  St., 


Saa  Francisco,  Cal. 


JOHN  W.  QUICK,  Proprietor. 


WINCHESTER  HOUSE. 


41  Third  Street, 


San  Francisco,  Cal. 


This  Fire  proof  BrI'k  Building:  is  centrally  locflted,  in 
tlie  liealthiest  i^art  of  tlie  city,  only  a  ball  block  fr-^m  the 
Graud  and  Palace  Hotels,  and  close  to  all  bteamboat  and 
Kallroad  Otlices. 

Laundry  Free  for  the  use  of  Families. 


HOT  AND  COLD  BATHS  FJBEE. 


Terms,  Board  and  Room,  $1.00  per  Day 

And  Upward. 

Rooms  witti  or  without  Board, 

Free  Coach  to  the  House. 


192 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Mar.  15,  1890 


E^AF^KET   ;RePOF^TS. 


Local  Markets. 

San  Francisco.  March  13,  1890. 
Clear  weather  has  brought  in  more  assortment 
orders  to  jobbers,  causing  the  principal  business 
streets  to  have  a  more  active,  lively  appearance. 
The  various  iron  manuracturing  industries  continue 
to  feel  the  effects  of  the  iron-molders'  strike.  This 
js  an  unfortunate  state  of  affairs,  particularly  at  (his 
season  of  the  year,  when  orders  for  machinery  and 
other  iron  work  are  generally  placed  ;  yet  the  sur- 
roundings are  of  such  a  nature  that  machine  manu- 
facturers cannot  give  in,  (or  it  would  only  mean 
many  out  of  pocket  and  working  for  glory  and  pay- 
ing for  the  privilege  leads  to  bankruptcy. 

The  money  market  is  reported  to  be  generally 
easy,  allhough  in  some  quarters  a  stringency  is  re- 
ported. Now,  with  an  early  prospect  of  outdoor 
work  soon  becoming  general  throughout  the  State, 
and  travel  resumed  to  all  points,  it  is  claimedthat 
the  ease  will  be  still  more  pronounced  under  a 
stimulus  of  more  activity  in  all  lines  of  trade  com- 
bined with  confidence  in  the  outlook  for  the  future. 

MEXICAN  DOLLARS— There  was  a  freer  ex- 
port call  the  past  week,  with  bankers  paying  75^  to 
76  cents  to  meet  their  requivemenis.  The  steamer 
that  left  on  last  Tuesday  for  China  took  out  $487,- 
04^. 

SILVER— The  market  the  past  week  continued 
steady  at  95^  cents — the  Mint  quotation.  Export- 
ers, so  far  as  could  be  ascertained,  were  not  in  the 
market,  only  the  Mint  buying.  The  offerings  are 
still  light,  due  partly  to  poor  transportation  facili- 
ties, but  more  largely  to  the  light  output  of  the 
mines  on  this  coast.  The  Tuscarora  district,  which 
promised,  on  paper,  to  be  a  large  producer,  now  ap- 
pears to  have  "fizzled  in  the  pan,"  if  we  are  to 
judge  by  the  rapid  decline  in  the  price  of  the  mining 
stocks  of  that  district.  The  Comstock  mines'  per- 
centage of  silver  is  decreasing  and  that  of  gold  in- 
creasing. Con.  Virginia's  goes  in  gold  50  to  60  per 
cent.  Overman  from  60  to  70  per  cent,  and  Crown 
Point  (rom  42'^  to  47M  per  cent,  The  percentage 
of  the  other  bullion  producing  mines  we  are  not 
able  to  give.  If  the  managers  of  all  the  Comstock 
mines  would  do  the  same  as  the  Overman  Mining 
Co.  is  doing,  they  would  gain  more  friends  among 
stock-dealers,  besides  making  public  information, 
which  aids  dealers  in  bullion  to  form  a  better  idea 
regarding  the  situation.  The  Overman  Company 
gives  the  car-sample- assays  in  both  gold  and  silver 
and  the  pulp  assays  in  both  gold  and  silver. 
This  is  a  reform  that  speaks  volumes  in  favor  of  the 
manaE[ement  of  that  mine,  and,  as  said  above, 
should  be  followed  by  other  companies. 

The  silver  market  abroad  and  at  the  East  has 
been  decl  ining.  This  is  largely  due  to  the  close  and 
uneasy  money  market  abroad  and  al;o  to  a  belief 
that  this  Congress  will  not  come  to  the  relief  of  the 
metal.  In  this  Utter  conclusion  we  think  they  are 
mistaken.  The  House  Committee  is  acting  on  Wm- 
dom's  bill,  and  it  now  looks  as  if  the  objectionable 
sections  will  be  amended,  which  will  make  the  bill 
perfectly  satislactory  to  bimet^llists.  One  amend- 
ment was  made  to  authorize  free  coinage  when  the 
price  of  silver  bullion  reaches  par,  or  %i  for  371^^ 
ounces  of  1000  fine,  and  a  section  is  added  retaming 
\the  present  legal  tender  quality  of  silver  coin. 

London  cablegrams  received  to-day  quote  silver 
at  43Kd,  and  New  York  telegrams  quote  that 
market  at  94%  cts.  In  our  market  the  Mint  was 
paying  to-day  95^  cts.  The  offerings  still  con- 
tinue very  light  and  confined  to  very  small 
parcels. 

QUICKSILVER.— Receipts  the  past  week  aggre- 
gate 2[i  flasks,  and   the   exports  10  flasks  to  Auck- 
land.   The  home  demand  is  reported  to  he  increasing. 
,   The  market  is  strong  in  sympathy  with  an  advance 
abroad. 

LIME, — Receipts  the  past  week  aggregate  3465 
bbls.,  and  exports  150  bbls.  to  Honolulu.  The  con- 
sumption is  gaining  steadily  with  the  call  coming 
from  more  distant  points, 

BORAX. — Receipts  the  past  week  aggregate  182 
ctls.  and  exports  676ctls.  to  Dunedin.  The  market 
continues  strong  under  a  free  demand  (rom  the  East, 
where  supplies  are  reported  as  being  light. 

ANTIIVIONY. — Our  market  continues  strong. 
New  York  advices  report  supplies  still  scarce  and 
the  market  high. 

TIN, — The  market  continues  weak  for  plate, 
although  at  the  close  the  tone  appears  to  be  steadier, 
due  to  stocks  being  better  concentrated.  The  move- 
ment to  form  a  syndicate  to  buy  the  salmon  canneries 
on  the  Columbia  river  may  have  a  bearing  on  the 
tin  market.  Pig  tin  is  without  any  particular  change 
to  note.  The  market  abroad  and  at  the  East  has 
held  fairly  steady.  Imports  the  past  week  were  200 
bxs.  plate  from  New  York. 

IRON, — Imports  the  past  week  aggregate  as 
follows:  From  South  Shields  500  tons  pig.  New 
York  120  tons.  The  market  is  barely  steady  under 
lew  supplies.  Eistern  and  European  advices  report 
an  easer  market  with  towards  the  close  an  improved 
feeling  setting.  The  high  price  of  fuel  abroad  is 
against  any  material  decline  in  Europe,  With  us 
the  labor  situation  is  a  disturbing  element. 

COKE. — Imports  the  past  week  aggregate  1466 
tons.     The  market  is  fairly  steady. 

COPPER.— The  market  has  shaded  off  until  14 
cts.  is  our  latest  New  York  quotation.  The  decline 
is  largely  due  to  the  very  close  and  somewhat  uneasy 
moving  market  abroad  consequent  upon  the  re- 
newed call  for  gold  from  several  quarters.  The 
Stock,  so  far  as  we  can  learn,  in  Europe  and  in 
North  and  South  America  is  decreasing. 

LEAD. — The  market  abroad  is  reported  to  be  in 
buyers'  lavor,  while  at  the  East  it  is  in  sellers'  favor. 
The  strength  at  thy  East  is  due  to  strong  holding, 
rather  than  increase  in  the  consumption. 

COAL. — Imports  the  past  week  aggregate  as 
follows;  Departure  Bay  1517  tons,  Seattle,  3993, 
Coos  Bay  701,  Cardiff  788,  facoma  2340,  Nanaimo 
£300.  Total,  11,638  tons.  The  market  for  Spot 
Greta  and  Sydney  is  slightly  higher.  The  tone  for 
Steam  coals  is  very  strong  with  an  advance  looked 
for  at  an  early  day.    For  household  coals  the  de- 


mand is'  not  quite  so  free,  yet  it  is  of  sufficient 
moment  to  keep  stocks  well  in  hand.  There  are  on 
the  way  from  Newcastle,  N.  S.  W.,  for  this  port  5 
vessels,  with  5  reported  to  be  loading  there.  From 
Sydney  there  is  one  vessel  on  the  way  and  one  load- 
ing. For  San  Diego  there  are  four  vessels  on  the 
way  and  three  loading.  For  San  Pedro  one  vessel 
is  loading.  Of  the  vessels  to  arrive  the  cargoes 
have  all  been  placed.  For  prompt  shipment  our 
quotations  hold  good,  but  for  distant  shipments 
lower  quotations  are  obtainable. 


Eastern  Metal  Markets. 

By  Telegraph. 

New  York,  March  13,  1890.— The  following  are 
the  closing  prices  the  past  week: 

Silver  in     Silver  in 

London.  New  York, 

rturaday 44J  9t) 

Friday 4i  95^ 

Saturday 44  95| 

Monday  ..i.  .44  96| 

Tuesday 43^  9fti 

Wedneadav..43|  96i 

New  York,  March  11, — California  borax  is  firm 
at  9l^c.  Quicksilver  follows  the  advance  in  Lon- 
don. Sheet  Copper — Quiet  but  steady,  at  i4M@ 
i4^c  for  lake.  Large  sales  are  reported  at  the 
West  for  electrical  purposes.  Casting,  i2%@i3l^c. 
Lead — Firmer.  Sales,  600  tons  at  $3  9S@4.  Offer- 
ing not  large;  the  old  hypothecated  Corwith  stock 
mostly  cleaned  up. 


MINING    SHAREHOLDERS'    DIRECTORY. 

COMPILBD  BVERT  TUURSDAT    yROM  AdVBRTISBMENTS  IN  THE  MINING  AND  SCIENTIFIC  PRESS  AND  OTIJKR  S.  F.  JOURNALS 

ASSESSMENTS. 
Location.  No.  Am't.  Levied.    Dbmkq't, 


Copper, 

Lead. 

Tin. 

SH  10 

is   92i 

$20  G5 

14  10 

3  92J 

20  60 

14  05 

3  97J 

20  60 

14  10 

3  97i 

20  60 

14  05 

3  97» 

20  66 

14  25 

3  97i 

20  40 

15  @ 
23  <a 


San  Francisco  Metal  Market. . 

■ffHOLEHAI.E. 

Thursday,  March  13,  IS90. 

ANTIMONY— 25  @      - 

Borax— Refined,  in  carload  lota 7i@     - 

Powdered  "         "       "    7(  @ 

Concentrated      "         *'        "    62@      - 

All  grades  jobbing  at  an  advance. 

Copper— 

Bolt 23 

Sheathing 23 

Ingot,  jobbing 

do,  wholesale 

Fire  Box  Sheets 

Lead— Pig 41(g      — 

Bar 5  @      — 

Sheet 7@      — 

Pipe 6  @      — 

Shot,  discount  10%  on  500  baga     Drop,  W  bag.  1  45  (d      — 

Buck,  f^  bag 1  66  @     — 

Chilled,  do 1  85  @     — 

TiNPLATE— B.  v.,  Bteel  grade,  14x20,  to  arrive.      ~  (a     — 

B.  v.,  steel  grade,  14x20,  spot 4  60  @      — 

OharooaJ,  14x20 6  75  (ee  7  00 

do  roofing,  14x20 6  00  ^      — 

do.  do,  20x28 12  00  @     — 

Pig  tin,  spot,  ^  lb 21}@      21? 

CoKE-Eng.,  ton,  spot,  in  blk 13  5U  (ai5  00" 

Do,  do,  to  load 14  50  @15  50 

Quicksilver— By  the  flask 50  00  @     — 

Flaska,  new @      — 

FlaakB.  old 35(3 

CiiROiME  Ikon  Ore,  ^?  toa 10  C0& 

Iron— Bar,  base 3@       3i 

Norway,  base 4i@       Sj 

Steel— English,  lb 16  <^     20 

Canton  tool 9  @       9 

Black  Diamond  tool 9@       9 

Pick  and  Hammer.. 8  @      10 

Machinery 4@        5 

Toe  Calk 4}®       - 

Spot.  To  Load, 

[RON- Glengarnook  ton 35  00  @ 34  @  _ 

Eglinton,  ton ....35  00  @ 32iCa  — 

American  Soft,  No,  1,  ton.. @35  00  32i@  — 

Oregon  Pig.  ton , @35  00  ~  @  — 

Puget  Sound 35  00  @ _  ©  _ 

Clay  Lane  White <p2    00 

Shotts,  No.  1 35  00  Ctf35  00 

Bar  Iron  (base  price)  ^  lb...      —  @      — 

Laogloan 35  00  @ 

Thovuclitfe 35  00  @ 

Gartaherrle 35  00  0> 

Earrow 35  CO  @ 

Thomas 35  00  @ 

Cargolieet 32  50  @ 


27?^  - 


Lnmber. 

Fine,  Fir  and  Spruce. 

retail. 

Rough  Pine,  merchantable,  40  ft 820  00 

41  to  60  ft 21  00 

51  to  80  ft 23  00 

61  to  70  ft 27  00 

1x3,  fencing 32  00 

1x4,       **       21  00 

1x3,  1x4  and  1x6,  odd  lens^tha 19  00 

Second  quality 17  00 

■Selected 24  00 

Clear,  except  for  flooring 31  00 

t  lear  for  flooriofj 2  00 

Clear  V.  G.  No.  1  flooring 6  00 

FirewootJ 14  00 

Dressed  Pine,  floooring,  No.  1, 1x6. . .  32  00 

No.  1,  l.\4 34  00 

No.  1,  Ijx4,lix6,  and  odd  sizes. ...  37  00 

All  sizes,  No.  2 27  00 

Stepping,  No.  1  44  00 

Stepping,  No.  2 34  00 

hip  timber  and  plank,  rough 27  00 

Selected, planed  1  side,  av'ge  40  ft. .  29  00 

.<       2  "  "       '•  "  ..  31  00 

"  "       3  "         "      *'  "  ..  33  00 

I.  I.       4  «         «       •<»'__  35  00 

Deck  plank,  rough,  average  35  ft 35  00 

Dressed,  average  35  feet 40  00 

Pickets,  rough ,  B.  M 20  00 

ixli,  4  ft  lone,  ^  M 6  60 

Coal 


TO  LOAJ>. 

Per  Ton. I  Per  Ton. 

Australian  ...     7  60  @  7  76lLehighLump..  16  50@17  00 

Liverpool  St'm     8  50  @ Cumberland  bk  16  00@ 

Scotch  Splint.     9  00  @  9  00  E^'g,  hard 15  50@ 

CardiEE 9  50@10  00| 

SPOT    FROM   YARD. 


JOBBING. 

*17  00 

18  00 

20  00 

21  00 

19  CO 

IS  00 

16  00 

15  00 

22  00 

28  00 

'io'oo 

29  00 

30  00 

33  00 

24  00 

35  00 

25  00 

18  00 

24  00 

26  00 

28  00 

30  00 

32  00 

36  50 

16  00 

6  00 

Wellington §  9  00 

Greta     8  50 

Westminster  Brymbo.     9  Oo 

Naoaimo 9  Oo 

Sydney 8  5o 

Gilman 7  00 


Seattle 7  00 

Coos  Bay 6  00 

Cannel 12  00 

Egg,  hard IS  00 

Cumberland,  in  sacks  15  00 
do.  bulk 14  00 


Bullion  Shipments. 

We  quote  shipments  since  our  last,  and  shall  be 
pleased  to  receive  further  reports: 

Con.  California  and  Virginia,  March  7,  $96,742; 
Commonwealth,  10,  $15,000;  Hanauer,  4,  $5550; 
Ontario,  4,  $34,395;  Savage,  8,  $37,445. 

The  unemployed  people  in  San  FranoiBco  are 
being  given  work  in  the  Golden  Gite  Park. 
Citizens  have  donated  thna  far  $14,000  for  this 
extra  work  to  relieve  prevailia^  diBtreae  among 
those  who  have  been  anemployed  daring  the 
bad  weather. 


Company.  Locatioh.  No. 

Adelaide  Coprer  M  Co Nevada..  1.. 

Becbtel  Cona  M  Co Oaliforuia,.!!.. 

Butte  King  M  Co California..  1.. 

Confldence  S  M  Co Nevada.  .15. . 

Crocker  M.  Co Arizona..  S.. 

East  Best  &  Belcher  M  Co.. ..Nevada 1.. 

Eureka  L'onB  Drift  M  Co Calif oruia.,1.. 

Grant- jfrize  M  Oo Nevada. .24.. 

Gray  Eagle  M  Oo California.,  16.. 

Happy  Valley  Bl.  Graval  Co.  .California. .  .6. . 

Holmea  M  Co Nevada..  11.. 

Martin  White  M  Co Nevada,. 23.. 

Majflowev  Gravel  M  Co California. .46.. 

Occidental  Coua  M  Co Nevada..  5.. 

Silver  King  M  Co Arizona..  2.. 

Standard  Cods.  M  Co Califurnia. .  2. . 

TrueUonaMCo California..  8.. 

Uoioa  Cona  M  Co Nevada.. 40.. 

Utah  Cods  M  Co Nevada,.  9.. 


1..DBC  31...  Feb  17. 
10..Feb  10.. ..Mar  17. 
30..Eeb  13....Mar20. 
75. .Mar  12....Adr  16. 
lU..Jan  20.... Mar  5. 
25.. Feb  11.. ..Mar  14. 

3. .Feb  24....Apr  5. 
30..Jau   2f....Mar   5. 

4.:Ja'i    21. ...Feb  25. 

5. .Feb  12...  Mar  24. 
25.. Mar  16. 
25.. Feb  12. 
50.. Mar  8. 
25.. Jan  20. 
30..  Jan  15. 
35.. Mar  4....  Apr  14 
2J..Jan  18. ...Feb  15, 
25. .Mar    5. ...Apr  10 


.Apr  17. 
..MarSl. 
..Apr  10- 
. .  Feb  25. 

.Feb  26. 


Sale.     Skcretart.  Placb  of  Bobinbsb. 

,Mar  17.. W  H  Graves 426SaDBome  St 

Apr  13.. O  C  Harvey 303  CaUfomia  St 

.  .Apr  12.  ."W  C  Lbwia 723  M arkeb  St 

..May  7..A  B  Groch 414  California  St 

, , .  Mar  28. . N  T  Meaaer 309  Montgomery  St 

..Mar  31.. C  H  Mason 331  Montgomery  St 

..Apr  21..  W  HRabe 224  Montgomery  St 

..Mar25..RRGraiaon 327  Pine  St 

..Mar  17..  J  MBuffington 303  California  St 

..Apr  14.. D  M  Kent 330  Pine  St 

..May  8    C  E  Elliott 309  Mootgomery  St 

..Apr  30.. A  B  Cooper 325  Monfgoniery  St 

"May  l.,J  Morizlo 328  Montgomery  St 

..Mar  24. .A  K  Dunbar 309  Montgomery  St 

..Mar  27..  A  Waterman 309  Mont^iOmery  St 

..May  19..  J  W  Pew 310  Pine  3b 

..Mar  10..JO  Bates 434  California  St 

Apr  30.  .J  M  Buttington 3i'3  Califoroia  St 

May  5..A  H  Fiah 309  Montgomery  86 


25. .Mar  11. ...Apr  17 
MEBTINGS  TO  BE  HELD. 

Namb  01^  OoMPAKv  Location.    Seobetaet  Offiob  in  8.  F  Meetinq  Date 

Bullion-Beck  and  Cal  M  Co Nevada.. A  Badlam 322  Montgomery  St Annual Mar  19 

California  Iroa  &  Steel  Co California.. F  Bonacina 438  California  St Annual Apr  21 

CholarMCo Nevada.. C  E  Elliott 309  Montgomery  St  Annual Mar  17 

Evening  Star  M  Co J  J  Scoville 3  9  Montgomery  St Annual Mar  17 

Hale&  NorcroBH  M  Co Nevada.. A  B  Thompson 309  Montnomery  St Annual Mar  16 

Jacksou  M  Co WE  Drake 329  Pine  St Annual Mar  24 

LATEST  DIVIDENDS— WITHIN  THREE  MONTHS. 

Najhce  of  Company.  Location.      Seubetajit,  Office  in  S.  F  Amount.  Patabz.s 

Champion  M  Go T  Wetzel 522  Montgomery  Sb 10 Jan  20 

Caledonia  MO Nevada..  AS  Cheminant 328  Montgomery  St 08 Aug  5 

Con  California  &  Va  M  Co Nevada.. A  W  Havens 309  Montgomery  St 25 Feb  10 

Derbec  Blue  Gravel  M  Oo California.  .T  Wetzel 522  Montgomery  St 10 Dec  23 

Idaho  MCo California Grass  "Valley 2  60 Mar  7 

Mt  Diablo  M  Co  Nevada.. R  Heath 319  Pine  St 30 Oct  21 

Pacific  Borax  Salt  &  Soda  Oo. .. California.. A  H  Clough 230  Montgomery  St 1  00 Feb  10 


Mining  Share  Market. 

The  raining  share  market  the  past  week  was 
quite  dull  for  the  Comstocks  up  to  Satur- 
day, when  there  was  an  upward  move  with 
Ophir  leading,  which  culminated  on  Monday 
morning.  Alter  Monday  the  market  sagged, 
with  short  "ups*'  up  to  to-day  (Thursday), 
when  there  was  another  small  jump  in  the  market 
under  the  leadership  of  Ophir.  The  Tuscaroras 
sold  down  heavily  with  only  two  small  reactions. 
The  break  in  these  stocks  was  engineered  by  the 
pool,  so  as  to  get  back  at  lower  prices  the  stock  sold 
out  on  the  advance,  It  is  generally  claimed  that  they 
will  go  still  lower  before  there  is  much  in  Ihem.  The 
points  OD  the  Comstocks  are  still  bearish,  although 
some  iook  for  better  prices — not  much,  but  some 
higher— after  which  there  will  be  lower  prices  than 
at  any  time  this  year.  In  the  Bodies,  Quijotoas  and 
other  outside  stocks  there  has  not  been  any  trading 
to  speak  of. 

The  persons  having  charge  of  the  work  for  pump- 
ing out  the  Gold  Hill  mines,  met  to-day  to  perfect 
plans. 

From  the  Comstock  mines  our  advices  are  still 
meagre.  The  official  letter  from  Belcher  reports 
that  a  drift  has  been  started  in  the  ledge  on  the 
200-foot  level.  Our  advices  report  this  ledge  lyi^g 
about  500-feet  west  of  formtr  workings,  and  having 
a  breadth  of  (rom  40  to  50  feet  ot  fine  looking 
quartz.  It  is  considered  very  important.  In  this 
ledge  numerous  crosscuts  will  be  run.  The  official 
letter  from  Crown  Point  does  not  report  anything 
of  particular  interest.  The  bullion  output  of  the 
mine  in  last  month  netted  in  coin  nearly  $23,000, 
which  is  about  $5.50  a  ton  above  milling  and  trans- 
portation charges.  At  this  rate,  with  the  mill  run- 
ning to  full  capacity,  the  company  ought  soon  to 
have  a  surplus.  Official  advices  from  Con.  Iniperial 
reports  that  they  are  in  ore  on  the  750-foot' level. 
On  this  level  -they  ran  west  to  intercept  the  ore 
found  above.  From  the  Yellow  Jacket  mine  infor- 
mation is  hard  to  get,  but  it  is  hinted  that  some- 
thing of  importance  can  be  expected  within  the 
next  30  or  60  days,  (rom  the  drift  being  run  west. 

If  the  company  would  drift  west  on  or  about  the 
i2oo-foot  level,  practical  miners  say  they  will  find  a 
body  of  good  to  rich  ore.  Favorable  information 
from  Alpha  and  adjoining  mines,  it  is  said,  is  being 
kept  back.  In  Potosi  they  are  still  making  an  up- 
raise from  the  930-foot  level  to  intersect  the  large 
body  (about  35  feet  wide)  of  ore  found  on  the  750- 
foot  level.  The  np-raise  was  at  last  account  in  $30 
ore.  In  Hale  &  Norcross  extensive  prospecting  is 
being  done.  In  his  annual  report  the  Superintendent 
does  not  mention  the  $35  ore  found  on  the  1250-foot 
level  reported  in  his  January  6th  letter.  Our  ad- 
vices from  Ophir  and  Mexican  are  of  a  more  favor- 
able character,  as  they  are  from  the  Sierra  Nevada. 
In  the  latter  mine  very  important  work  is  going  on. 
which  ought  to  make  it?elf  felt  soon.  Gould  & 
Curry  is  being  more  closely  watched  by  experienced 
miners.  During  the  week  several  Eastern  capitalists 
or  their  representatives  arrived  on  the  Comstock. 
What  this  denotes  it  is  hard  to  say.  A  report  is 
current  that  Consolidated  Virginia  will  lay  off  about 
100  men  5oon.  So  far  as  we  can  learn  there  is  no 
truth  in  this  report,  for  there  is  yet  a  large  area  of 
unexplored  ground  which  the  Superintendeni.in  his 
last  annual  report  spoke  very  highly  of  as  promising 
valuable  returns  when  thoroughly  prospected. 

From  the  Tuscaroras  our  advices  are  still  favor- 
able. They  indicate  that  the  Union  mill  will  shut 
down  soon  for  a  clean-up,  and  also  that  some  im- 
provements will  be  made  in  the  concentrators.  The 
Commonwealth  Company  bought  the  North  Belle 
Isle  concentrates,  and  is  working  them  in  with 
their  selected  ore.  From  the  Quijotoas  there  is 
nothing  new  to  report.  Official  advices  from  Bodie 
report  more  crosscuts  started.  Private  advices  con- 
tinue to  speak  very  hopefully  of  the  prospects. 

New  Incorporations. 

The  following  companies  have  been  incorporated, 
and  papers  filed  in  the  office  of  the  Superior  Court, 
department  10,  San  Francisco: 

Capital  Packing  Co.,  March  8th.  Capital 
stock,  $60,000  00.  Directors — Louis  B.  Parrott, 
Edgar  A.  Cohen.  Edgar  B.  Carroll,  W.  F.  Beck 
and  Alfred  H.  Cohen. 

California  Redwood  Lumber  Co.,  March 
nth.  Capital  stock,  $250,000  00.  Directors — 
John  M.  Dennett,  Wilham  G.  Hawley,  Frank  F. 
Burton  and  Benton  Griswold,  of  San  Jose,  Herbert 
Root,  of  Valley  City.  N.  Dakota,  and  Michael  J.  C. 
Galvin,  of  Gualala,  Cal. 

Empire  Quartz  M.  Co.,  March  nth.    Location,  | 
State  of  California.     Capital  stock,  $1, ,000,000  00.  1 
Directors — George  D.   Gray,   Augustus   Judson,  J. 
Elliott  Condict,  Israel  W.  Knox  and  D,  H.Jackson.  I 


Table  of  Lowest  and  Highest  Sales  in 
S.  F.  Stock  Exchange. 


Name  ot 
Company. 


Alpha 

Alta 

Andes... % 

Belcher 

Best  &  Belcher... 

Bullion 

Bodie  Oon 

Bulwer 

GommoDwealtb  , . 
Con.  Va.  &Cal... 

Challenge 

Ohollar 

Confidence 

Oon.  Imperial.. ,, 

Caledonia 

Crown  Point 

Crocker 

Del  Moute 

Eurena  Uon 

Exchequer , 

Grand  Prize 

Gould  &  Curry..., 
Hale  &.  Nororoaa.. 

Julia ; 

Justice 

Kentuck 

Ladr  Wash 

Mono 

Mexican 

Navajo 

Korth  Belle  Isle.., 

Nev.  Queen 

Occidental 

Ophir 

Overman 

Potoai 

Peerless 

Peer 


a.B.&M 

Sierra  Nevada. . . , , 

SUverHill , 

Scorpion 

Cnion  Con 

Utah 

fellow  Jacket 


Ending 
Feb.  20 


95 
I.IO 

RO 
1.80 
a. 70 

55 


3.55 
4.70 
1.40 
2.40 


.30 
l!55 


3.25 
.55 
.35 

1.65 


90 

75 

60 

3.60 

1. 00 

1.60 

20 

21 

1.55 

1.35 

1.90 


25 
2.25 
.60 
1  95 


Week 
Endino 
Feb.  27. 


1. 10 
I 

1.9d 

3  35 

.65 


3  75 
60 
1.50 
2.45 
a.fiO 

.30 

.20 
1.75 

.30 
1.40 
3.25 

.55 

.35 
1.45 
2.80 

.25 
1.40 

70 


.40 
3.90 

V.ih 

.85 
3.15 
4  3' 
1.25 
1.75 


Wbkk 
Ending 
Mar.  6. 


i.ro 

1.20 

i!76 

2.70 

f5 

50 

20 

3.50 

4.40 

'.40 

2.15 

3.70 

.35 

.20 

1  G5 

.35 

1.35 

3  80 

50 

70 


Wbbk 
Ending 

Mar.  13. 


.90      .95  I 
1.20 

"       50  ' 

1.40  1.70 

2.55  2.75 

50      .60 

.45      .50 

2.50  3! 55 

4.25  4.50 

1.30  1.35 

2  CO  2.30 

3.25  3.45 
.3i      .40 

.20  

1.50  1.60 

85  i.20 
3.75 
45 


1.40 
.75 
.25 
.35 

3.25 

ri5 

.90 
1.10 
3.95 
1.05 
1.55 
.25 
.20 
1.55 
1.50 
2.21 


.25  ... 

2.45    3.05  2.25  2.35 

.65       80    .60  .65 

2.15    2.45I1  95  2.15 


.50 

.65 

1'.40 

2.40 


1.00 


90 
3.60 


1.30  1  40 
.70  .75 
.30     .... 

'85  3"25 
"  .30 
1  25 
.70 
l.llO 
4.15 
1.05 
1.70  1.85 
.20  .... 
.20  .... 
1.45  1.60 
1.25  1.50 
2.05    2,25 


2.10    2.35 

45      .B5 

1.90    1.95 


Sales  at  San  Francisco  Stock  Exchange. 


Thursday,  Mar.  6, 9:30  a.  w, 

100  Alta 1.20 

100  Belle  Isle 2flL 

lUO  CJhciUar 2.25 

m  Confidence 3  Oil 

50  Crown  Point 1  55 

100  Con.  Imperial 3Cc 

250  Con  Va  ff  Cal. ....'..  .4.50 

50  DelmouC 9oc 

100  Eureka 3.R0 

100  Goulds  Curry 1.3' 

150  HaJefi:  Nor 2.35 

250  Mexican  3.10 


201  Now  York 30c 

10  N.  Belle  la l.fO 

200  N.  *'ommonwealth....95c 

300  Occident  95c 

4.0  Opbir.. .4  00 

100  Peer 20c 

500  PotOBi l.So 

1(0  Savage 1.50 

1  0  S.  B.  &  M 1.35 

60U  Sierra  N  evada 2.10 

50  Silver  Hill 30c 

100  Utah 50c 

150  Union.. 2  20 

5U  Yellow  Jaciet 1.90 


Successful  Patent  Solicitors. 

As  Dewey  b,  Co.  have  been  in  the  patent  soliciting buai* 
neSB  on  thiB  Coast  now  for  so  many  ^ears,  the  firm's  name 
la  a  well-known  one.  Another  reason  for  Its  popularity 
Is  that  a  great  proportion  of  the  Pacific  Coast  patents 
Leeued  by  the  Government  have  been  procured  through 
their  agency.  They  are,  therefore,  well  and  thoroughly 
posted  on  the  needs  of  the  progressive  industrial  classes 
of  this  Coast.  They  are  the  best  posted  firm  on  what 
has  been  done  in  all  branches  of  industry,  and  are  able 
to  judge  of  what  is  new  and  patentable.  In  this  they 
have  a  great  advantage,  which  is  of  practical  dollar  and 
cent  value  to  their  clients.  That  thia  is  understood  and 
appreciated,  is  evidenced  by  the  number  of  patents 
Isaned  throueh  their  Soibntifio  Prrbs  Patent  Atifency  (S. 
F,)  from  wees  to  week  and  vear  to  vear. 


The  Wionemaooa  Mining  Oo.,  N^v.,  are 
oonaidering  a  proposition  to  lease  the  property 
to  Alexander  Wise  and  asaociatea,  who  agree 
to  take  out  2500  tons  of  ore  and  pay  a  certain 
percentage  to  tbe  company. 


AMERICAN    MINING   AND  STOCK  CODE 

"KELLOGRAPH." 

Indispensable  to  the  Mining  Profession  and. 
Useful  in  all  Business  Transactions. 

A  C-omplete  System  of  Tranemitting  Telegrai  hie  Mes- 
sages by  Code  Cipher  Words  in  a  Legible,  Secret  ai.d 
UcoQomic  Manner. 

OVER   35,000   WORDS  AND  SENTENCES 

Subject  to  transmission    under  infinite  complication  by 
the  use  of  over  70,003  code  words. 

No  danger  of  publicity  in  telegraphing  mattero  con- 
cerning operation  or  sale  of  miniag  property.  The  work 
strictly  alphabetical  and  claeflifled.  The  handiest  work 
ever  published  for  mining  operators. 

PKICE,  85.     Forwarded  postpaid  on  receipt  of  price  by 
DBWEY  &  CO., 
220  MARKE?r  STREET,  SAN  FRANCISCO. 


Mab.  16,  1890 


Mining 'AND  Scientific  Press. 


193 


Oar  Agents. 

Otra  PwiMM  cui  do  0iach  In  fttd  of  oor  paper  ftnd  tho 
jMU«  of  pnctlc&l  IcDowledKo  ^d«1  science,  by  ueUtLog 
AEvnts  lu  thoir  labon  ofcaovuslng,  by  lendinK  tholr  In- 
OueoM  ftiiii  unoounfflng  tftvon.  we  \ul*sud  to  tcuti  none 
but  wurtby  men. 

J.  C.  HoAO— 8kn  Praadsco, 

R.  O.  Bailit— Sftn  Francisco. 

W.  W.  'ru>uBALDS-L08  An);elraCo. 

Omo.  WiLttOR-'SMrruiientoOo 

E.  II.  KLtuHrrLii— CftlftverwCo. 

PKANK  8.   CUAKIH  — Colu8»Co 

19AM.-  AvKR-Kresno,  0»l. 

Samukl  ULirr— tiiiu  Luia  UbUpo  Co. 

Wm.  U.  Hilliart— OreKOD. 

K  K    DiHiNO — Oretron. 

(  HAM  U.  MnoDV-  OrefOn. 

li.  U.  PABW'jiM-WashinKlon. 

K.  O,  Hi'Hrox-MoDUnft 

Hrhbkht  <.'Ai.i'<tNTi«— FrennOi''o.,  Cal. 

(\  J.  Waur— 8ati  BerDkriiluoCu. 

T.  J.  Mav— W»»htnKton  ; 

W.  H.  (■K.aT— Humboldt  Co. 

H,  Km-LRY— VIodoc  Co. 

Complimentary  Samples. 

Persons  reoeiWag  thU  paper  marked  are  re* 
qaeated  to  examine  its  oooteDts,  terms  of  sub- 
■oriptioD.  and  give  It  their  own  patronage,  and, 
at  far  aa  practicable,  aid  in  circulating  ■  the 
joarnal,  and  making  its  value  more  widely 
knowo  to  others,  and  extending  its  influence  in 
the  cause  it  faithfully  serves.  Subscription 
rate,  $3.00  a  year.  Extra  copies  mailed  for  10 
cents,  if  ordered  soon  enonKh.  If  already  a 
lubsoriber,  please  show  the  paper  to  others. 

•*  The  Uandy  Lists  of  Technical  Liter- 
ature," by  the  National  rublishing  and  Printing 
Co.  of  Milwaukee  are  exceedingly  well  ar- 
ranged, and  give  the  eubjeot,  aatbor  and  pub- 
lisher of  technical  and  nontechnical  works  on 
all  sorts  of  subjects.  Part  11,  just  issued, 
covers  military  and  naval  science,  navigation, 
sailing,  ship-building,  etc.  With  these  lists 
there  is  no  ditfioulty,  even  for  non-profeBsiooals, 
in  becoming  informed  on  the  literature  of  any 
given  subject. 

The  Niagara  Mill  and  Mine — The  suits 


DELINQUENT    SALE    NOTICE. 
Gray  Eagle   Mining  Compiny.     Location 

uf  ^rli)t:l|>Al  pl:ico  of  bumnoM.S&n  Kranvibco, California. 
Loi-almti  of  Woikii,  PUc«r  Co-,  Cal. 
NOTICK.— Thom  aio  doliii.juenl  upon  tlio  followink' 
dtrtcrlbcJ  Stock,  on  arouuiit  of  A(i8Ci«niont  (No.  !«> 
luviuU  no  thu  'll*%  day  of  January,  18DU.  thu  Hovonil 
am  >unU  (tct  opposite  thu  names  u[  the  rcttpuctivo  ^haru- 
liuldi-nt,  Hi  followB: 

No. 
NAUB8.  Cunill  at«. 

n  K  A'lUon 604 

1)  Bottofs 3:0 

I>  B  wore     .     404 

K  W  niknty 284 

J  it  Burlhiifton,  ']>UNt«u 50^ 

O  II  Botart,  Trustee 405 

O  II  B<^>^'*ri,  Truftee 447 

O  II  Bot;art,  Triietoo    470 

O  II  Bocart,  Tnmtoo 471 

o  H  Brt-art,  Tnlflt«e 473 

JamcM  C'ltrk .401 

M  W  G  ay.  Trustee l'*! 

BW  Haines 498 

BW  Ilftinee 41tO 

W  C  Ilimten,  Tmstoe 506 

W  O  Muritoo.TlUBteo M)7 

w  i;  HiinteD.  Tni  teo 6  8 

W  C  niiriUjii.TruHtoo .'lOO 

W  i:  Himtcii.TruBtee 610 

\V  V  Ilunten,  Trustee Bll 

OyrUM  W  .loiies,  Trustee 421 

John  Linden 84 

11  M  Rosoknin8 39 

Geo  Robs Uf> 

Goo  Rosa   146 

Geo  Kbs 147 

Quo  R0B8 148 

Geo  Hoes Uti 

Geo  Ro89 240 

C  S  Stout.  Trunee 47H 

C  S  Stout.  Trustee 477 

Mrs  M  E  Stout 170 

MreM  E  Stout IS* 

W  A  SuarlPB,  TruBteo 6I8 

J  NTayl.T lOa 

J  NTavlor 380 

Theo  Wcizol.  Trustee 178 

Theo  Wet/.  I,  Trustee 22ft 

Thoo  Wet /.el,  Ttugtee 265 

A  U  Winii,  T-U9tee 4fi6 

A  H  Winn,  Trustee 467 

A  H  Winn,  Trustee 468 

And  in    accordance    with   law,  and   an   order  of  the 

Board   of   Directors,  made  on   the  2l8t  day  of  Janufiry, 

1390,  BO  many  ahareB  of  each  parcel  of  Buch  Stock  as  may 

he  neceasarv,  will  be  sold  at  public  Auction,  at  the  of- 
fice of  the  Companv.  Room  11,  No.  303  (California  street, 


No. 

25 

•  1  00 

iO 

80 

500 

•M  00 

20 

SO 

M!!i 

i;o  00 

41 

1  eo 

SOOO 

200  1 0 

1000 

40  00 

.MM) 

20  00 

500 

20  00 

)iin 

4  00 

liOO 

20  00 

50O 

20  00 

600 

20  00 

100 

4  00 

100 

4  00 

100 

4  CO 

100 

4  00 

100 

4  00 

100 

4  00 

1000 

40  00 

100 

4  00 

000 

24  00 

100 

4  00 

100 

4  00 

100 

4  00 

100 

4  (10 

100 

4  00 

20 

80 

2000 

SO  00 

053 

3S  12 

fOO 

20  00 

6  0 

20  Oi 

1000 

40  00 

1000 

40  00 

40 

1  00 

200 

8  Ofl 

8 

32 

312 

12  48 

1000 

40  on 

600 

20  OC 

600 

20  00 

brought  in  Trinitv  and  ShaBia  ooaotiea   by  W.    San  FranoiBco,  Caiifornia.  on  MONDAY,  the  sbven- 
T.  CoVan  and  wife  against    LnnisSloss^nd    l^^^i^-.^^J^^^J,^^^^^^^^ 


Books  on  AssayiDg. 

By  C.  hTaaRON. 
Pakt  I.— Gold  and  Silver  Ores— Price  $1 

SlUU.VIJ  KUITION. 

ThU  work  in  written  )iy  ati  vxiwrli'nced  ntot»lhiriiiKt 
who  ha.H  devotml  nuiiiyyt'urn  to  lifttiuyhit;  luid  wurklnt;  pre- 
clou.1  ort'.t  uu  thu  l*(u.'lt)i:  tUlu  of  thu  Auii^rlcun  Coiitin(>ut. 
U«  writua  wht-mof  ho  knowMifrom  i>L>rrii(iiiLl  |iri(ct!cu,  ttiid  f  11 
buch  pluiu  tiiid  euuifruljunnivi^  turutH  that  uuithur  thu  soiuuilst 
uur  till-  |ir.Lctlc)il  nuiior  can  inlHtitke  hlH  nuttniui;, 

Thu  Work,  litiu  Mr.  Aaron'ti  f orcui-r  I'lihllciktlniiH  ("Titstiiig 
awd  Worklnt:  SilvL-r  iirm,"  "LL-iicliiuK  Guhl  iukI  Hilvi-r 
Ori's'l  that  hiiVt*  hi-cn  "HUCetiKSfiilly  [luiiuliir"  1h  uTittun  (n  u 
oondenswl  fomi.  which  rt-ndt-rn  liir*  lnr>>nnatirin  more  reudtly 
avitiliihlu  than  that  uf  uioru  wiinly  and  1u*h  couscfuntiuii)* 
writunt.  Thu  wunt  of  mich  a  work  liii^  luni;  huuu  felt.  It 
will  bu  vury  iluiiirahlu  lu  thu  hiiuda  of  luuny. 

Table  of  Contents: 

Preface;   Introduction;   InijileiiifntH;    AisHuy  Balance;    Mn 
teritda;  Thu  Asuay  OHlce;  Pruiiiu-atiun  of  tliu  Ore;  WuighlnK 
theChurgu;  Mixing  undL'hurgiuKl  Annuy  LithiLrKc;  Hysti^i 
of  the   Cnioilile   Awsuy;  rruUiiiinary   Aasiiy;  l>n;Hning  t 
Orucible   AiiKayn;  KxainpU-n  of    I>roHHlu^;  Thu  Melting  in  1 
Crucibloa;  Scorificutlou;  Cupellutlon;  WL-t«hlnK  thu  Hwid; 
PurtiuK;  CiilculiititiH  thu  Artt^iiy;  A^Muy  of  Ore  ('outalniuc 
Coarne   Mt'tul;  Artsay   of   Iloiiatitd   Ore  for  Holuhility;  To 
Assay  a  Cui>ul;  Ahhio"  by  AnialBiiniutiou;To  Find  the  Vulue 
of  a  Specliiieu;  Teata   fur  Orea;  A  Few   Rpeciul   MfucruliA; 
Solubility  of  Mutols;  Substitutoa  and  Ksiiediouts;  Aneay 
Tables. 
The  volume  embraces  130  12mo,  pages,  with  Illustrations 

well  boimd  in  cloth:  188'J.    Price,   $1,   postpaid.    Sold  b 

Dkwkv  &  Co.,  Publishers,    No.    220    Market    street,  San 

Francisco. 

Parts  II  and  III. 
Lead,  Copper,  Tin,  Mercury,  etc. 

Price  $1.75. 

This  book  is  entitled  "ARaayiug— Parts  n  and  III,"  and  is 
separate  from  Part  I,  and  treats  of  Gold  and  Silver  Bullion, 
Lead,  Copper,  Tin,  Mercury,  Zluc,  Nickel,  Cobalt,  etc. 

Table  of  Contents: 

Gold  and  Sliver  Bullion;  Apparatus;  Melting  Bidlion; 
Assaying  Bullion;  Humid  Assay  of  Silver;  Manip- 
ulation, etc.;  Lead  Orea;  Copper  Orea;  Vohimetric 
Aesaya;  Parkes'  Procesft;  Amalgam  ati  on;  New  Pro- 
cess; Preparation  of  Potaaaium  Zantbatu;  Electrolytic 
Determination  of  Copper  in  Orea,  etc.;  AasayinE  of  Tin 
Ores;  Assayini;  of  Mercury  Orea;  Asaaying  of  Zinc  Ores; 
Assaying  of  Zinc  Ores,  New  Method;  New  Assay  of  Nickel 
and  Cobalt:  Assay  of  Ohronduni;  Assay  of  Eiamutb;  Assay 
of  Arsenic;  Assay  of  Antimony;  Assay  of  iSulphur;  Assay  of 
Salt;  Appendix  to  Part  I;  Notes  on  Crucible  Assays;  Weigh- 
ing by  Oscillations'  Appendix  to  Part  III;  The  Assay  of 
Lead;  The  Assay  of  Copper. 

There  are  160  12rao.  pages  with  illuatrations  in  the  volume 
which  is  bound  strongly  in  cloth.  Price  postpaid,  J1.75 
Sold  by  Dewey  fit  Co.  Publishprs,  No.  220  Market  St.,  S.F 


yiicational. 


OK 

ASSAYING    AND    CHEMISTRY, 

RoomH4C&47,  1628  Moi.taomerv  St. 

■id  Floor  Montgomery  Bl'k.  f         rian  FranclSCO, 
Also,  BvoLln^'  t'latisea,  7  to  10  o'clock. 

JOHN  T.  EVANS,  M.  A.,  Principal. 


School  of  Practical.  Civil.  Mechanical  and 
MINING  ENGINEERING, 

Smeyifls,  Ardntectore,  Drawiog  and  AssaTlDg 

723    MARKET   STREET. 

The  Hlutory  Building,  San  Frakcibco,  Cal. 

A.  VAN  DER  NAILLEN,  President. 

Aesayin^;  of  Ores,  $26;  Bullion  and  Chlorination  Assay, 

$26;  Blowpipe  Assay,  $10.     Full  course  of  aseaying,  |60. 

<arScnd  forelreular. 


L.  L.  Bftker,  aa  asBigDees  of  W.  T  Coleman  & 
Co.,  have  been  traneferred  to  this  county  for 
trial.  The  Colemans  aek  for  a  decree  that  they 
hold  certain  miDiDfi;  property  in  trnat  for  the 
Niagara  Mill  and  Mining  CompaDy,  and  that 
the  defendantB  have  do  interest  in  it. 


Taking  Tools  Underground  — Since  the 
aooident  ia  the  Yellow  Jacket  shaft  that  oauaed 
the  death  of  Albert  Ballard,  superintendents  of 
leading  Comstook  mines  have  resolved  to  en- 
force the  role  to  discharge  any  miner  who  is 
detected  in  taking  tools  underground  when  the 
men  are  being  lowered  at  the  time  for  changing 
shifts.  . 

TuEBE  haB  been  a  heavy  explosion  In  the 
Morsa  colliery  at  Glamorganshire,  Wales,  and 
many  miners  were  entombed. 


scBsment  thereon,  together  with  costs  of  advertising  and 
oxpenaesof  sale.  J-  M.  BUFFINGTON,  Secretary. 

Office,   Ko.  ni  11,  No.  303  California  atteet,  San  Fran- 
cisco, California. 


X5I~VXI3ElSrXD     ITOTICE- 

Offlce   of  tlie  Pacific  Borax,   Salt  and  Soda  Company 
San  Francisco,  February  28,  1890. 

At  a  mcetinc  of  the  Board  of  Directors  of  the  above- 
named  Company,  held  thiB  day,  a  Dividend  (No.  29)  of 
One  Dollar  ($1.00)  per  share  was  declared,  payable 
MONDAY,  MARCH  10,  ISOO.at  the  ollice  of  the  Company, 
No.  230  Montgomery  Street,  Rooms  11  and  12.  Transfer 
Books  close  March  5,  1890,  at  3  o'clock  p.  M. 

ALTON  H.  OLOUOH,  Secretary. 

MIDDLE-AGED  MAN  BY  THE  NAME  OF  JOSEPH 

MeLEARN,  Miner,  It  ft  Nova  Scotia  17  years  ago  for 

California      Hia  friends  would  be  thankful  to  any  person 

who  could  give  any   information  concerning  hia    where- 

bbouts.  


Practical  Treatise  on   Hydraulic  Mining. 

By  AUG.  J.  BOWIE.  Ja. 

This  new  and  important  book  is  on  the  use  anr<  con- 
struction of  Ditches,  Flumes,  Dams,  Pipes,  Flow  of  Water 
on  Heavy  Grades,  methods  of  mining  shallow  and  deep 
placers,  history  and  development  of  mines,  records  of 
gold  washing,  mechanical  appliances,  such  aa  nozzles, 
hurdy-gurdys,  rockers,  undercurrents,  etc.;  also  describes 
methods  of  blasting;  tunnels  and  sluices;  tailings  and 
dump;  duty  of  miners'  inoh,  etc.  A  very  practical  work 
for  gold  miners  and  users  of  water.  Price,  $5,  post-paid 
For  sale  by  Dbvst  b  Co.,  Publishers,  290  Market  St.,  San 
TTrannlRco 


The  Celebrated  H.  H.  H  Liniment. 


The  H.  H.  H.  Clnlznent  Is  tor  the  treatment  of 

the  Aches  and  Pains  of  Humanity,  as  well  oa  for  the  ail- 
ments of  the  beasts  of  the  Qelds.  Testlmonlala  from 
importers  and  breeders  of  blooded  stock  prove  Ita  won- 
derful curative  properties.  No  man  has  ever  ueed  It  for 
an  aobe  or  pain  and  been  dlssatisQed. 
H.  H.  M0OR£  &  SONS,  Stockton,  Cal.,  Proprietors. 
For  Salb  by  all  DRuaatara. 


COAL  MINES  OF  THE  WESTERN  COAST. 

A  few  copies  of  this  work,  the  only  one  ever  published 
treating  of  Pacific  Coast  Coal  Mining,  have  been  ob- 
tained, and  are  for  sale  at  this  office  for  S2.50  per  copy. 
It  was  written  by  W.  A.  Goodyear.  Mining  and  Civil 
Engineer,  formerly  of  the  California  State  Oeologieal 
Survev. 


HEALDS 


BUSINESS      OOLLEGB, 

24  POST  ST..  8.  P. 

FOR  skvx:nt¥-fitk  doi:.lars  this 
College  Instructs  In  Shorthand,  Typo  Writing,  Book- 
fieeplng,  Telegraphy,  Poomanahlp,  Drawing,  all  the  En- 
gllsn  branches,  and  everything  pertaining  to  buslnesa, 
tor  six  full  months.  We  liave  sixteen  teacliers,  and  give 
Individual  instruction  to  all  our  pupils.  Our  school  has 
its  graduates  In  every  part  of  the  Sute. 

JTSrITO  for  ClROnLAB. 

E.  P.  HBALD.  President. 
O,  8.   FIAT.FV.  8«o-r»»t»rv 


ii 


Sonsilolo 


n 


Horsso     X^o^wor    Hoistixxgr     T^T'liixxiS. 


These  Hoisting  Whims  are  built  en- 
tirely of  Iron  and  Steel,  monnted  on  a 
heavy  base  plate,  and,  consequentlv, 
are  very  durable  and  caunot  be  a:»eetcd 
by  extremeR  of  either  cold  or  heat  or 
climatic  inliuences. 
The  hoisting  drum  is  completely  under  the  control  of  the  person  in 
charKe  of  the  hoisting  or  lowering  tbrough  the  shaft,  of  the  mme. 

As  the  drum  is  entirely  independent  Irom  the  driving  gears,  the  npcrn- 
tions  of  hoisting,  dumping  bucket  and  lowering  can  be  performed  with  the 
horse  in  .  onstant  motion,  a  feature  not  possessed  by  any  other  horse  hoist  in 
themHrket  and  one  that  greatly  increases  their  capacity  by  avoiding  the 
loss  oftime  due  to  stopping  and  starting  the  horse. 

Thev  are  very  light  and  compact,  and  can  be  packed  for  transportation 
bymules  Their  colt  of  erection  is  very  slight;  two  men,  in  half  a  day, 
being  able  to  put  one  in  place,  ready  for  work.  .       ..,.,.. 

With  each  Whim,  working  drawings  are  furnished  showing  m  detail  the 
proper  construction  of  Gallows  Frame  and  foundation  lor  Hoisting  Whim. 

We  carry  In  stock  the  following  sizes:  

No   1  — Caoacltr  with  On«  Horse  and  single  tine,  800  ponncls,  75        <^^ 
J...U.  1.    »/   v         J  Feet  per  Minute.  =5s 

No   2 —Canaclty  with  One  Horse  and  Single  tine,   BOO  ponnda, 
*^  135  Feet  per  MlDHte. 

Weight  of  machine.  1200  pounds.  Total  shipping  weight,  including 
Sweep,  Levers  and  Sheaves,  1400  pounds. 


ROCK    AND    ORE    CARS. 


JO 


NOS.    39    TO    51    FREMONT    SlRuBT,    SAN    PRANCISOO,    CAb. 


-^T^TOFL 


DOW    STEAM    PUMP    WORKS, 

OFFICE    AND    WORKS,    114    AND    116    BE  ALE    STREET,    SAN    FRANCISCO, 

MANUPACTr""""    ""    

DOW'8  IMPROVED  STEAM  PUMPS, 


SINGLE    OR    DUPLEX 


For  Every    Possible    Duty. 


Mining  Pumps, 

IRRIGATION  PUMPS, 
Artesian  Well  Engines, 


Independent  Air  Pump  and 
Condenser, 

FOR  STATIONARY  ENGINES  OR  STEAM  PUMPS. 


POWER  PUMPING  MACHINERY, 

SPEED    GOVERNORS, 

Balance  Valves  and  Pressure 
Regulators, 

FOR  STEAM  PUMPS,  ETC.,  ETC. 


XSto.,    Xl-to. 


CORRESPONDENCE  SOLICITED. 

SEND  FOR  CATALOGUE. 


194 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Mab  15,  1890 


A  New  Book  on  Assaying. 

i4  Best  li  lie  Euglisl  hm 

IT    LEADS    ALL    OTHEBSI 


Now  Ready. 

THE  ASSAYERS'  MANUAL. 

An  Abridged  Treatise  on  the  Docitnaqtic  Examination 
of  Ores,  and  Furnace  and  other  Artificial  Products.  By 
Bruno  Kcrl,  Protes  or  in  the  Royal  School  of  Mines; 
Membar  of  tho  Royal  Technical  Commigsion  for  the  In- 
dastries.and  of  fhe  Impferi-l  Pateotoffiee,  EerHn.  Trans- 
lated from  tho  German  by  Wm.  T.  BrannE,  Editor  of  "The 
TechnoChemicai  Receipt  Bjok,"  etc.  Second  American 
Edition.  Edited  with  extensive  additions  by  F.  Lynwood 
Garrison,  Member  of  the  Am.  Inalitute  of  Mininy  Engin- 
eers, Ir'>n  and  Steel  Institute,  Vorein  Deutscher  Eii  eu- 
huttenleute,  el-c.  Jlluetrated  by  S7  Ensraving*.  Three 
hundred  iind  fifty-four  pages,  Svn.  cloth,  price  S3  00. 
J3(/  mail,  free,  of  postage,  to  anij  address  in  the  loorld. 

Abstiacb  of  Contents:  Gbner.a.l  Division.  — T.  Mechan- 
ical ManipulatiODs;  II.  Chemical  Oper  .tions;  III  Aeaaj 
Furnaces;  IV,  Aas-ty  Vessels  V,  Bilanc  s  and  VVtitchtf; 
VI,  Tools  and  Implement=i;  VII,  Assay  lleae:ent9.  Special 
Division.— I,  Lead;  II,  Coppar;  lU,  Siivor;  IV,  Gol  ;  V, 
Platinum;  VI,  Nic'-iel;  VII,  Coh^lt;  VIII,  Zme:  1X,  Ca  - 
mium;  X,  Tin;  XI,  Biamnth;  Xlf,  Mercnrj  :  XHl,  Anti- 
nionv;  XIV,  Arsenio;  XV,  Uianiuin;  XVI.  Tun  aten; 
XVII,  Chromium;  XVlil,  Manganesj;  XIX,  Sulphur; 
XX,  Fuel;  Appendix;  Index, 

r-ff"  A  circvlar  of  8  pages,  quarto,  gioing  the  full 
Table  of  Conteats  of  this  important  Book,  as  mail  a^  a 
nnio  List  of  Leading' Books  on  Metal  Alining,  AfetiiUnrfu/. 
Mineral'^gH,  Assaying,  Chemical  A  jialysis,  etc.,  sentfr^  e 
ill  any  one  in  any  part  of  the  world  who  mil  send  his 
addi'£ss- 

BSg"  The  above  or  any  of  our  Books  sent  by  mail,  free 
of  postaae,  at  the  publication  prices,  to  any  address  in 
the  world. 

eg"  Our  new  and  revii^ed  Catalogue  of  Practical  and 
Scientific  Books,  86  pages,  Sm,  and  our  other  Cata- 
logues, the  whole  covering  eofry  hrauch  of  Scu-nce 
aupU'd  to  the  Arts,  sent  free  and  free  'f  postage  to  any 
one  in  any  part  of  the  world  who  will  furnish  us  with  his 
address. 

HENRY  CAREY  BAIRD  &  CO., 

ISDU8TRIAL     EOOKSELLBRS.     PUBMSURRS     AND     IMI'ORTBRS, 

810  Walnut  St.,  riiiladelphia,  Pa.,U.  S.  A. 


WATER  TANKS,     WINE  TANKS  I 

CALIFORNIA    WINE    COOPERAGE     CO. 

FCIiDA  BROS..,  Froprletors, 

SO  to  40  Spear  St.,'  San  FranclBco. 

ALL  KINDS  OF  CASKS,  TANKS,  Etc. 
ia-SHip.  Miking,  and  Watbr  Tanrs  a  Specialty. "^ai 


RIX  &.  FIRTH, 

225  and  227  First  St,,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

Compressed  Air  and  Water  Power 
Machinery. 


i^m^. 


KNIGHT'S  WATER  WHEEL, 

For  Mills,  Pumping  and  Hoisting. 

OVEB    SCO  IN    USE. 
All  estimates  guaranteed.    Send  for  Circular. 


CLAYTON 

AIR  COMPRESSORS 

For  "Working 
Rock    Drills,   Coal   Cutters, 
Hoisting   Engines    and   Water 
Pumps  in  Mines  and  Tunnels, 
Sinking  Caissons,  Etc.,  Etc. 

SEND  FOR  CATALOGUE  No.  6, 

Clayton  Air  Compressor  Works, 

43  DBY  ST.,  NEW  YORK. 


TUBBS  CORDAGE  CO. 

(A  Corporation.) 

ConBtantly  on  hand  a  full  assortment  of  Manila  Rope, 
Duplex  Rope,  Tarred  Manila  Rope,  Hay  Rope,  Whale  Line, 
etc.,  etc. 

Extra  elzes  and  lengths  made  to  order  on  shoxt  notice, 

611  &  613  Front  St„  San  Francisco.  Cal 


PACIFIC    ROLLING   MILL    CO., 

HANUFAOTURBKa  OV.. 

1  Steel  Mm  '^ 


UP   TO   20,000   LBS.   WEIGHT. 

True  to  pattern  and  Buperlor  In  strenGrth,  tonerhness  and  durability  to  Oaet  or  Wronffht 
Iron  In  any  position  or  for  any  eervlce. 

GEARINGS,  SHOES,  DIES,  CAMS,  TAPPETS,  PISTON-HEADS,  RAILROAD  and  MA- 
CHINERY CASTINGS  of  Every  Description. 


HOMOGENEOUS  STEEL. 


SOFT  and  DUCTILE, 


SUPERIOR  TO  IRON  FOR 


LOCOMOTIVE  AND  MARINE  F0RGING8. 

ALSO  Steel  Rods,  from  J  to  8  inch  diameter  and  Flats  trom  1  to  8  inch.  Angles,  Tees,  Channels  and  other  shape 
Steel  Wagon,  Buggy,  and  Truck  Tires,  Plow  Steel;  Machinery  and  Special  Shape  Steel  to  size  and  lengths 
STEEI.  KAIL.S  from  12  to  45  pounds  per  yard.  ALSO,  Railroad  and  Merchant  Iron,  Rolled 
Beams,  Angle,  Channel,  and  T  Iron,  Bridge  and  Machine  Bolts,  Lag  Screws,  Nuts,  Washers,  Ship  and  Boat 
Spikes;  Steamboat  Shafts,  Cranks,  Pistons,  Connecting  Rods,  etc  Car  and  Locomotive  Axles  and  Frames, 
and  Iron  Forgings  of  all  kinds,  Iron  and  Steel  Bridge  and  Roof  Work  a  Specialty. 

HIGHEST  PRICE  PAID  FOR  SCRAP  IRON  AND  STEEt, 
t^  Orders  will  have  prompt  attention.    Send  for  Catalogues.    Address 

PACIFIC  ROLLDIG  MHI  CO.,  202  Market  St.,  San  Francisco. 


FULTON     IRON    WORKS, 

HINCKLEY.  SPIERS    &    HAYES,  Proprietors. 


[ESTABLISHED    IN    1855.) 


SA.X1.     3^37A.X10lfilOO. 


— MANUFACTmiBRa    OP — 


TUSTIN*S    PULVERIZER. 


MARINE  ENGINES  AND  BOILERS.- 
Propeller  Engines,  either  High  PresBure  or  Compound, 
Stern  or  Side-wheel  Engines. 

MINING  MAOHINBRY.-Hoifltlng  Engines  and 
Works,  Cages,  Ore  Buckets,  Ore  Cars,  Pumping  Engines 
and  Pumps,  Water  Buckets,  Pump  Columns,  Air  Com- 
pressors, Air  Receivers,  Air  Pipes. 

pLl'LL,  MAOHINERY.-Batteries  (or  Dry  or  Wet 
Crushing,  Amalgamating  Pans,  Settlers,  Furnaces,  Re- 
torts, Concentrators,  Ore  Feeders,  Rock  Breakers,  Fur- 
naces for  Reducing  Ores,  Water  Jackets,  eta 

MISCELLANEOUS  MACHINERY.— Flour 
Mill  Machinery,  Saw  Mill  Engines  and  Boilers,  Dredg^lng 
Machinery,  Powder  Mill  Machinery,  Water  Wheels. 

Tustin's  Pulverizer 

WORKS  ORE  WET  OR  DRY. 


ENGINESsBOILERS 

OF    ALL    KINDS, 
Either  for  use  on  Steamboats  or  for  nse  on  Land. 

Water  Pipe,  Pnmp  or  Air  Golnmna,  Fish 
Tanks  for  Salmon  Canneries 

OF   BVKRT   DBSORIPTION. 

Boiler  Repairs  Promptly  attended  to  and  at  vtry  moaerate  ratea 

AGBNT8  FOR  THE  PACIFIC  COAST  FOR  THB 

X>eci.xi^  Ste^kzxi.  I*iA.uckX>- 

SPECIALTIES : 
Corliss  Engines  and  Tnstin  Ore  Pulverizers,  DEANE^STBAM^PUMP." 

Agents  and  Manufacturers  of  the  Llewellyn  Feed  Water  Pnrlfler  and  Heater. 


JD'S'xa'.^DMCxn?^:, 


THE  GIANT  POWDER  COMPANY 

Manufacture  Three  Kinds  o(  Powder,  which  are  acknowledged  by  all  the  Great  Chemists  of  the  World  as 

The  Safest  and  Strongest  High  Explosives  in  the  Market. 

Of  Different  Strengths  as  Required. 

NOBEL'S    EXPLOSIVE     GELATINE,"    which  contains    94   per  cent  of  Nltro-Olycerlne,  and 

GELATINE-DYNAMITE,  Stronger  than  Dynamite  and  even  Safer  in  Handling. 

JUDSON  POWDER  IMPROVED. 

FOR  RAII.ROADS  AND  LAND  CLEARING.  Is  from  three  to  (our  times  stronger  than  ordinary  Blast- 
ing Powder,  and  is  used  by  all  the  Railroads  and  Gravel  Claims,  as  it  breaks  more  ground,  pulverizes  better  and 
saves  time  and  money.    It  is  as  dry  as  the  ordinary  Blasting  Powder  and  runs  %s  freely. 

BANDMANN,  NIELSEN  &  CO., 

GENERAL  AGENTS,  «AN  FRANCISCO  OAL. 


GAPS  and  TTTSE  for  Sale 


QUARTZ  SCREENS 


A  Specialty.  Round,  slot 
Or  burred  slot  holes.  Gen- 
uine Russia  Iron,  Homo- 
geneous Steel,  Cast  Steel  or  ' 
American  planished  Iron. 
Zinc,  Copper  or  Bross  Screens  for  all  purposes.  Cali- 
fornia PerforatinsT  Screen  Co.,  146  &  147  Beale  St  ,  S.  F. 


COAL  MINES  OF  THE  WESTERN  COAST. 

A  few  copies  of  this  work,  the  only  one  ever  published 
treating  of  Pacific  Coast  Coal  Mining,  have  been  ob- 
tained, and  are  for  sale  at  this  office  for  $2.50  per  copy. 
It  was  written  by  W.  A.  Goodyear,  Mining  and  Civil 
Engineer,  formerly  o(  the  California  State  Geological 
Survey. 


N.  W.  SPAULDINQ 

Manufacturers  of 
SPAULDING'S 

Inserted  Tootb 

AND 

CHISEL    BIT 

CIRCULAR 

Saws. 

SAW  MILLS   AND   MACHINERY 

Of  all  kinds  made  to  order.    Send  for  Desorlptlvo  Cata 
iogm,    17  and  19  Fremont  St.*  San  Franolioe 


Iroo  apd  lUlachiiie  Itfork^. 


UNION   IRON  WORKS, 

8AOBAMENTO,  OAL. 

ROOT,    NBILSQN    &    OO.. 

MAMDFAOTURBRa  OP 

Steam     Engines,    Boilers, 

AND  ALL  RINDS  OP 

MACHINERY  FOR  MINING  PURPOSES. 

Flouring  Mills,  Saw  Mills  and  Quartz  Mills  Hachlnery 
constructed,  fitted  up  and  repaired, 

P'ront  St.,  bet.  N  &  O  Sts.,         Sacramento.  Oal. 


CALIFORNIA    MACHINE    WORKS, 
WM.  H.  BIRCH  &  CO., 

ENGINEERS    AND    MACHINISTS. 


No.  119  Beale  St., 


San  Francleco. 


BUIIjDBRa  OF 

Steam  Engines,  Saw  Mills,  Mining  Machinery,  Dredging 
Machines,  Rock  Crushers,  Cable  Railway  Machinery, 
Ellithorp  Air  Brake  Co.'a  Patent  Steam  and  Hydraulic 
Elevators,  Air  Cushions  ond  Air  Brakes,  POSITIVE 
SAFETIES.  Improved  Ram  Elevators,  Sidewalk  and 
Hand  Hoists.  B.  £.  Henrickson's  Patent  Automatio 
Safety  Catches. 

Machines  of  all  klnda  Made  and  Repaired. 
Orders  Solicited. 


^^       AMERICAN        ^i 
MACHINE  AND  MODEL  WORKS. 

OEER    CUTTING,    ETO. 

We  have  sold  the  most  of  a  car-load  at  a  profit  sufficient 
to  warrant  the  sale  of  the  remainder  at  Eastern  cost 
prices.  The  balance  consists  ''f  one  second-hand  4  foot 
iron  Planer,  one  Drill  Frees,  large  and  small  Screw- 
Cutting  Lathes,  one  Blacksmith's  Bellows.  Shafting, 
Belting,  etc. 

I.  A.  HEALD, 

108  Main  Street.  San  Francisco. 

Golden  State  &  Miners  Iron  Works. 

Manufacture  Iron  Oastlners  and  Machinery 
of  all  Kinds  at  Qreatly  Beduced  Bates. 

STEVENSON'S  PATENT 

Mold-Board  AMALOAMATOBS, 
Golden  State  Pressure  Blowers. 

fiTBt  St..  between  Howard  &  Folsom,  S.  F. 


THOHAS  THOMPSON 


rBORNTON  THOHPaOB 


THOMPSON    BROTHERS, 

EUREKA    FOUNDRY. 

129  and  181  Beale  St.,  between  Mission  and  Howard,  S.F 

MANnPAOTURSfUl  OP  OASHNGB  op  B7BRY  DBSORIPTION. 


Mining    Engineers. 


W.  A.  GOODYEAR, 

Oivil    and    Mmmg'    Engineer, 

MINING  EXPERT  ABO  OEOLOGIST. 
Address  "  Business  Box  A,"  office  of  this  paper,  San 
Francisco. 


ROSS   E.  BROWNE,. 

Mining  and  Hydraulic  Engineer, 

No.  307  Sansomb  St.,  San  Frakoisoo. 


ISRAEL  W.  KNOX, 
Mining  and  Mechanical  Engineer 

AND   PURCUABINQ  AQEMT   FOR 

Mines,  Minings  Machiaery  &  Supplies. 

Mines  Examined,   Reports  and     Estimates    Furnished, 

Contracts  made,  etc. 
Office,  987  First  St.,        San  Francisco,  Oal. 


THE  RUSSELL  PROCESS  COMP'Y. 

TALCOTT  H.  RUSSELL,  Secretary, 
HEW  HAVEN  CONir. 

p.  O.  Box  498. 


BUTTE,    MONTANA, 

The  railroad,  mining  and  commercial  center  of  the  new 
State,  offers  some  of  the  best  inducements  for  invest- 
ments in 

Real  Estate,  Mines  &  Mining  Stock 

of  any  locality  in  the  Nortnweet.  For  particulars  address 
The  Evans-Terry-ClausBea  Brokerage  Oo., 
41   E.  Broad-wny.  Butte.  Montana. 


DAfifmonf'nnn  are  requeated  to  be  sure  and  notify  ur 
I  (iSI  lllllSliil  S  '^vhen  this  paper  is  not  taken  from 
1.  VUliUUUlUlU  tbeir  office.  If  not  stopped  promptly 
through  oTetHlght  or  other  mlahap),  do  ue  the  favor  to 
wrfte  autn. 


Mab.  15,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


195 


PARKE    &    LACY  COMPANY 


-IMPORTBRS  AND  MANUFACTaRBRS  OF- 


MINING,    MILL    and    GENERAL     MACHINERY. 


BNGINES,  BOILERS,  STEAM  PUMPS, 

AIR  COMPRESSORS,  ROOK  DRILLS, 
WALL'S  CRUSHING  ROLLS, 

CONCENTRATORS,  PULVERIZERS, 
TURBINE  WATER  WHEELS, 

ROCK  BREAKERS,  DRY  JIGS. 

Bullock's  Diamond  Drills 


►^"^^ra 


GOLDEN  GATE  CONCENTRATORS, 

GREATEST  CAPACITY  OF  ANY   CONCENTRATOR  MADE, 
One  Machine  Taking  Pulp  ftom  10  Stamps. 


SAW    MILLS,    MACHINE    TOOLS, 
PLANING  MILLS,  INJECTORS  and  EJECTORS 
BELTING,  PACKING.  OILS,  LUBRICATORS, 
FIRE    EXTINGUISHERS, 
CENTRIFUGAL   PUMPS 
ROTARY  PUMPS,  GANG  EDGERS, 
CAMPBELL'S    STEAM    FEEDS, 
MILL    and    MINE    SUPPLIES. 


C3rX:3>a-Z:Et..^.X<     .A.C3rXIII3''X'J9      X'OX*. 


WESTINGHOUSE     AUTOMATIC     ENGINES. 


COMPOUND, 


SALES    DURINO    LAST    FOUR    MONTHS: 

'^■'■■l^^^±JXi.i:\tU,    4E00  HORSE  POWER. 


44  EMGINKS, 
0215  HOKSK  POWER. 


.TTTNTOT?  ""'  KNGINES. 

ll  U  ±>l  J.V_»XV,     4260  BOKSE  POWi 


OTTStG    I*o"\:^7'^ir. 


21  and  23  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco,  Oal. 


189  Clarence  St.,  Sydney,  N.  S.  W. 


NOTICE  TO  GOLD  MINERS! 


JUSTINIAN  CAIRE.  Agent, 

521  &  523  Market  St.,  San  Francisco, 


— DBALHR    IN — 


Assayers'  and  Miniog  MateriaL 


— MANOPACTDRBR    OF— 


GRAVEL,  OR  PLACER  MINES.  MADE  OF  BEST  SOFT  LAKP      UPERIOR  COPPER 

J^'T     H.ES13TTC3UX>     X>X«.XO£3S. 

Our  plates  are  gnaranteed,  and  by  actual  experience  are  proved,  the   beei  In  weight  of  Sil-    BATTERY  SCREENS  AND  WIRE  CLOTH 
ver  and  durability.     Old  Mining  Plates  Replated,  Bought,  or  Gold  Separated.    THOUSANDS 
OF    OEDEKS  ■  FILLED.  

SAN    FRANCISCO    NOVELTY,  GOLD,  SILVER    AND    NICKEL    PLATING  WORKS, 
1 08  and  1 1 2  First  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

^SEND  FOR  CIRCULARS. 


Agent  for  HOSEINS' 
HYDRO-CARBON    ASSAY    FURNACES 


IMPORTANT  TO  GOLD  MINERS! 

SILVER-PLATED  AMALGAM  PLATES  for  SAVING  GOLD 

IN    QUARTZ,    GRAVEL    AND    PLACER    MINING. 
PRICES  GREATLY  REDUCED. 

Only  Refined  Silver  and  Best  Copper  used,    Over  3000  Orders  filled.    Fifteen  Medals  Awarded.    Old  Mining  Plates  can   be 

Beplated,    Old  Plates  Boaght,  or  Gold  Separated. 

These  Platea  can  alBo  be  purchased  of  JOHN  TAYLOR  &  CO..  Corner  First  and  Mission  Sta 

San  Francisco  Gold,  Silver  and  Nickel  Plating  Works,  653  &  655  Mission  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  E.  G.  Denniston,  Prop'r. 

Our  Plates  have  been  used  for  20  yeara    They  have  proved  the  best.    We  adhere  etrlctiy  to  contract  in  welizht  of  Silver  and 
OoDOer.      8KND  P  >B  OIBODLAH. 


Centrlfngal  Boiler  Quartz  Mill. 


H  TJ  isr  T I  isr  C3r  T  o  i\r, 

MANUFACTURER    OF  

CENTRIFUGAL  ROLLER  QUARTZ  MILLS, 

Concentrators  and  Ore  Crushers, 
Mining  Machinery  of  Every  Description.        Steam  Engines  and  Siiingle  Macliines. 

SEND    FOR    CIRCULAR. 


PERFECT  PULLEYS 

First  Premium  Awarded  at  Mechanics'   Fair,    1884. 

Sol©  Licensed  Manufacturers  of  the 

MEDART    PATENT    WROUGHT    RIM    PULLEY 

For  the  States  of  Califoniia,  Oregon  and  Nevada,  and  the  Territories  of  Idaho,  Washlngtoti 

Uontana,  Wyoming,  Utah  and  Arizona.      Lightest,  Strongest,  Cheapest  and 

Beat  Balanced  Pulley  in  the  World      Also  Maniifacturers  of 

SHAFTING,    HANGBBS    AND    APPURTENANCES. 


PAT.  OiiT.'i  ,1881. 


t^  Send  tor  Ciroulars  AMD  Prior  LiBT.*i 
Noa.   129  and  181  PBBMONT  8TBHBT 


SAN    FBANOISOO.  OAL. 


H.  D.  MORRIS, 
220  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco, 

MANUFACTnUERS'  M  PUECHASINI}  AGENT, 

Special  attentJo"  given  to  purchase  of 

MINE  and  MILL  SUPPLIES. 


ADAMANTINE  SHOES  AND  DIES.— Guar- 
fcnteed  to  prove  better  and  cheaper  than  any  others. 
Orders  solicited,  subject  to  above  coDditlons, 

EL  D.  MORRIS. 


SOLE   AQKNT  FOR 


IMHEB  PLATES, 

— AND— 

Chrome    Cast    Steel  for 
Kook  Drillst  Btc. 


A  I»A  HA  WTINS:. 


196 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Mab.  15,  1890 


PROVED    BELT  TRUE   ORE  CONCENTRATOR. 


The  Beat  Ore  Concentrator  in  the  market,  having  double 
the  Capacity  and  doing  its  work  as  cloBe  as  the  plain  Bait 
machine,  while  its  concentrations  are  clean.  It  is  need  in 
a  number  of  Mills,  the  most  notable  of  which  is  the 
Alaska  M.  &  M.  Go's  Mill,  where  24  Improved  Belt  Frues 
are  taking  the  Pnlp  from  120  Stamps,  crushing  350  tons 
per  day,  and  is  giving  entire  satisfaction  as  against  48 
plain  Belt  Machines,  taking  the  Pulp  from  the  other  120 
Stamps. 

• 

Price  of  Improved  Belt  Frue  Vanner,  $900,  f.  o.  b. 
Price  of  Plain  Belt  Frue  Vanner,  $575,  f.  o.  b. 


Protected  by  Patents  December  22, 1874;  September  2, 
1S79:  April  27,  1880;  March  22,  ISSl;  February  20,  1883; 
September  18,  1S83;  Jaly  24, 1888,     Patents  applied  for. 


For  Pamphlets,  Testimonials  and  farther  information 
apply  at  ofHce 


^^aVn"^"'^.-! 


to' 


There  are  Over  2200  Plain  Belt  Machines  now 
in  U&e. 

Thb  Mohtaka  Company  (Limited),  London,  October  8, 1885. 
Dbar  Sirs  : — Having  tested  throe  of  your  Frue  Vanners  in  a  com- 
petitive trial  with  other  simiiar  macliinea  (Triumph),  we  have  satisfied 
ourselves  of  the  superiority  of  your  Vanuers,  as  is  evidenced  by  the 
fact  of  our  havinc  ordered  20  more  of  your  machines  for  immediate 
delivery.    Yours  truly,         THE  MONTANA  COMi?ANY  (Limited). 

N.  B. — Since  the  above  was  written  the  20  Vanners,  having  been 
started,  gave  such  satisfaction  that  ii  additional  Frues  and  more 
stamps  have  been  purchased.  ADAMS    &    CARTER. 


ADAMS  &  CARTER,  Agents  FRUE  VANNING  MACHINE  CO.,  Room  15,  No.  132  Market  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal 


WM.  H.  TAYLOR,  President. 


R.  S,  MOORE,  Superintendent. 


Risdon  Iron  and  Locomotive  Works, 

S.  E.  CORNER  HOWARD  AND  BEALE  STS..  SAN  FRANCISCO. 


MANtJPACTURERS    OF    ALL    KINDS    OF 


Mining   and    Milling   Machinery,  Engines    and    Boilers, 

SHEET-IRON  WATER  PIPE  for  Mining  and  Irrigation  Purposes. 


Exclusive  Agents  for  the  Pacific  Coa.t  of  HEINE  PATENT  SAFETY  BOILER  and  MACBETH  STEEL  PULLEY. 

AGENTS    FOB    THB    PACIFIO    COAST    OF 

BRYAN'S    ROLLER  _QUA_RTZ;    JVC  ILL. 

EW    COMMON     SENSE    STEEL    WHIM. 

All  Complete  for  SI 50. 

No  cog-wheels  or  clutohes  to  break.  Ninety  per  cent  of  this  Whttn  is  wrought  iron  and  steel,  and  will  spring  or  bend  before  breaking, 'and  beeides 
repaired  at  any  blacksmith  shop,  should  breakage  occur,  thus  obviating  the  necessity  of  sending  away  hundreds  of  miles  Sometimes,  and  waiting 
for  repairs.     The  Brake  sets  itself  when  the  horse  stops  or  anything  gives  way. 

It  can  be  packed  anywhere  a  jack  can  go,  the  heaviest  piece  weighing  but  100  pounds;  total 
weight,  650  pounds.  The  sweep  can  be  thrown  out  or  in  gear  at  any  time,  and  the  bucket  hoisted 
dumped  or  lowered  while  the  horse  is  in  motion.  It  is  just  as  safe  and  reliable  as  an  engine,  and 
can  be  handled  as  readily,  and  is  just  the  thing  to  open  up  a  mine  and  make  it  pay.  Spending 
thousands  of  dollars  in  fine  machinery  and  shaft  bouses  has  '*  basted"  many  a  company.  Buy  a 
COMMON  SENSE  WHIM,  and  wben  you  have  got  more  ore  than  our  Whim  will  hoist,  then  it  is 
time  to  buy  an  engine,  not  before.  It  will  save  you  thousands  of  dollars  if  your  mine  should  not 
pay.  Being  all  iron  except  the  sweep,  it  will  not  rot,  warp,  twist,  or  get  out  of  true.  Being 
wrought  iron,  it  will  not  break  in  transportation.  We  also  make  Two,  Four  and  Eight  Horse 
Power  Whims,  Derrick  Whims,  and  Building  Hoists,  Ore  Buckets,  and  everything  pertaining  to 
Horse  Power  Hoisting.  State  for  what  purpose,  and  at  what  place  you  want  to  use  it, 
income  and  see  one  at  our  works  in  operation,  or  send  for  circular. 


CALIFORNIA    WIRE    WORKS 


x:iS'ru^:^'*'-.xsxx:x:33  loss.     xi<i'c;of(.FOxi.A.^rz:x9  xsss. 


-MANUFACTURERS  OF- 


Steel  "Wire  Rope, 


-OF  ALL  KINDS  FOR- 


CABLE  RAILWAYS, 

ROPEWAYS  and  TRAMWAYS, 

Mining,  Shipping  &  General  Purposes. 


WIRE, 

BARBED    WIRE. 
WIRE   NAILS, 

WIRE    CLOTH. 

Full  Assortment  Always  In  Stock. 


OFFICE  : 

9  Fremont  Slreet,  San  Francisco. 

Scad  for  Illuatrated  Catnlogue. 


hallidie's 
Patent  VV'^e  Ropeway, 


For  the  Economical  and  Rapid 

Transportation   of   Ore 

and  other  material. 


Erected  by  Ub  During  the  Past  Fourteen  Years  in  Spang 

200  TO  2.000  FEET. 


:,  Simple,  Economical  and  Durable. 


TRANSPORTATION     OP    QBE     BT     HAttlDIE'S     PiTENT     WIRE     ROPEWAY. 


HAVE   BEEN  THOROUGHLY  TESTED 
In  all  Paris  of  the  Country. 


INVENTORS,     TAKE       NOTICE  I 

L.  petersonTmodel  maker, 

258  Market  St. ,  N.  E.  cor.  Front  (up  staira),  San    Franceico 
Experimeiital  Dmchiuerj'  and  all  kinds  of  modcle    Tin 
and  brasawork.     All   communicationa  strictly   confiden- 
tial. 


FOR  ENGRAVINGS  C",  Ef8lkv[S"co,S: 

pioy,  No.  320  Uuket  atreet,  San  Fraodsco. 


} Dewey  &  Co.'s  Scientific  Press  Patent  Agency { 


ESTAEUSHED 

1860 


A.   T    DE^fEY 

W.  B.  Ewer. 
Geo.  H.Stronq. 

iNVEKToaa  on  che  Pacific  Coast  mil  find  it  greatly  to  their  advantafce  to  consult  this  old,  experienced,  first-class 
Agency.  We  have  able  and  trustworthy  Associates  and  Agents  in  Washintrton  and  the  capital  cities  of  the  principal 
nations  of  the  world.  In  connection  with  our  editorial,  scientific  and  Patent  Law  Library,  and  record  of  original 
caeea  in  our  office,  we  have  other  advantages  (ar  beyond  these  which  can  be  offered  home  inventors  by  other  agencies 
the  information  accumulated  through  long  and  careful  practice  before  the  Office,  and  the  frequent  examination  of 
patents  already  granted,  for  the  purpose  of  determining  the  patentability  of  inventions  brought  before  us,  enables 
us  often  to  give  advice  which  will  save  Inventora  the  expense  of  applying  for  Patents  upon  Inventlona  which  are  not 
new.  Circulars  of  advice  sent  free  on  receipt  of  poatage.  Addnsfl  DBWET  Ae  CO.,  Patent  AgentB.  220  Market  8t .  S.F. 


Smelter  For  Sale  or  Exchange. 


One  50-ton,  wrought  iron,  water-jacket  Smelting  Fur- 
nace (36"xG0"  at  the  tuyeres)  of  the  latest  design,  wi  h 
Crusher,  Blower,  Boiler,  Pumps,  Engines,  Tools,  and 
everything  complete  for  immediate  deliverj",  and  only 
used  about  six  mouths.  Cheap  for  cash,  or  will  exchange 
for  interest  in  a  Lead-Silver  Mine,  or  erect  in  any  mining 
camp  that  will  guarantee  a  certain  output.-  For  further 
pattacularB  address  Box  2S|  Elkhoni,  Montana. 


Am  lUmfrnUi 


•gg,  P®palm  &§!mm  ®s#  ^msml  MwwSm 


VOL.    LX.-  Number  12. 
DEWEY  &.  CO.,  PoBLiSHEse. 


SAN    FRANCISCO,    SATURDAY,  MARCH  22,    1890. 


Ttiree  Dollars  per  Annum. 
Single  Copies,  10  Cts. 


PANORAMA    FROM    POINT    SUBLIME    IN    THE    GRAND    CANYON    OP    THE    COLORADO. 


The  Colorado  Canyon. 


The  Grand  Canyon  of  the  Colorado  is  a  great 
innovation  on  modern  ideas  of  scenery,  and  in 
onr  oonceptions  of  the  grandeur,  beaaty  and 
poner  of  nature.  It  is  not  to  be  comprehend- 
ed in  a  few  days  or  weeks,  but  mnet  be  dwelt 
npon  and  stndied,  and  the  study  must  comprise 
the  alow  acquisition  of  the  meaning  and  spirit 
of  that  marvelous  ecenery  which  characterizes 
the  Plateaa  country,  and  of  which  the  great 
obasm  is  the  superlative  manifestatioQ. 

The  lover  of  nature,  whose  perceptions  have 
been  trained  in  the  Alps,,  in  Italy,   Germany, 
or  New  England,  in  the   Appalachians  or  Cor- 
dilleras, in  Scotland  or  Colorado,  would   enter 
this   strange    region    with  a  shock  and   dwell 
there  for  a  time  with  a  sense  of  oppression,  and 
perhaps  with  horror.     Whatever   might 
be  bold   or   striking  would  at  first  seem 
only  grotesque.     The  colors  would  be  the 
very  ones  be  had    learned  to    shun  as 
tawdry   and    bizarre.     The     tones    and 
shades,  modest  and  tender,  subdued  yet 
rich,    in  which    his   fancy    had   always 
taken  special  delight,  would  be  the  ones 
which  are  conspicuously  absent. 

Bat  in  time  he  would 

become  conscious  that 
outlines  which  at  first 
seemed  harsh,  have 
grace  and  meaning;  that 
forme  which  seemed 
grotsEqne,  are  full  of 
dignity;   that    magni- 

^C^ntinue^  on  pag^  ^05,) 


w 


THa;    BONBY    MHOHANIOAt    STOKER    APPLIED    TO    250    H.    P.    BABOOOK    ft   WILOOX    B0ILBB,-Se8  p»g8  BM. 


- 


198 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Mab.  22,  1890 


GOF^F^ESPOp^DEjMCE. 


We  admit,  unindorsed,  opinions  of  correspondents. — fiDS. 


"Gold  Hath  a  Place  Where  They 
Fine  It." 

Editors  Pbess  : — Did  it  never  strike  you 
that  there  is  a  class  of  mining  men  who  are 
constantly  endeavoring  to  get  it  down  "too 
fine  2  " — men  who  will  at  all  times  expend  ®20 
on  a  ton  of  $10  rock  that  they  may  assure  their 
employers  that  by  their  process  '*  ores  can  be 
worked  closer  than  by  actual  assay."  These 
wise  ones  are  usnally  sent  out  by  Eastern  capi- 
talists. The  new  superintendent  proceeds 
at  once  to  revolutionize  the  whole  process  em- 
ployed in  the  treatment  of  the  ores  from  the 
mine.  Huge  buildings  are  erected,  machinery 
fearfully  and  frightfully  made  is  freighted  in  by 
the  ton.  At  last  the  new  process  mill  is 
started  and  dividends  flow  in  like  a  steady 
stream?  Well,  not  exactly  !  Somehow  "there 
is  a  wheel  too  small  "  {or  too  large),  and  "  some 
minor  obanges  will  have  to  bs  made,"  Again 
the  wheels  revolve,  bat  the  promised  dividends 
fail  to  follow,  and  then  the  owners  are  duly 
notified  that  *'  owing  to  a  change  in  the  ore  at 
water  level  a  few  ohanges  will  have  to  be  made 
in  the  plan  of  the  milU"  and  to  the  nearest 
foundry  goes  the  intricate  machinery  to  he  re- 
placed by  other  equally  unpractical.  Occa- 
sionally the  superintendent  will,  in  despair, 
allow  his  millmen  and  mine  foremen  to  have 
their  nay,  and  if  they  succeed  will  coolly  patent 
their  ideas  in  his  own  name  and  prove  the  old 
adage  that  **the  wisdom  of  the  superintendent 
is  at  times  found  in  the  foreman's  hat." 

The  inexperienced  superintendent  imagines 
that  all  of  his  ideas  are  new  and  original.  If  he 
were  to  spend  a  year  In  visiting  other  mines 
and  mining  sections  he  would  soon  learn  that 
the  same  processes  have  been  tried  and  dis- 
carded years  before.  If  there  is  one  thing  more 
than  another  that  your  fresh  superintendent 
delights  in,  it  is  to  assert  that  "  by  the  present 
methods  not  one-half  of  the  gold  contents  of 
the  ores  are  saved,"  and  that  "  the  bungling, 
old-fashioned  stamps  must  go; "  but  they  don't, 
at  least  not  in  the  way  he  would  have  them. 
That  they  are  '*  going  "  into  the  mills  of  the 
largest  and  most  successful  mining  operators  is 
well  known.  While  the  Eastern  stockholder 
may  be  deluded  into  believing  that  the  mining 
operators  of  the  day  are  running  their  ores 
through  crude  mills  by  unscientific  prooesse?, 
that  they  may  be  amused  by  hearing  the  stamps 
jingle,  the  California  mine  owner  knows  that 
these  practical,  hard-headed  men,  with  their 
superintendant's  selected  from  among  their 
own  forces  are  the  ones  that  make  mining  a 
success  as  against  the  miserable  failures  of 
the  high-salaried,  high-toned,  scientific  super- 
intendent, who  in  nine  cases  out  of  ten  proves 
himself  to  be  a  *'  theoretical  encce<=8  and  a  prac- 
tical failure."  "  Bat  you  must  admit  that  there 
could  be  no  success  without  some  theory,"  says 
my  theoretical  friend.  Agreed,  but  how  large 
is  that  "  some?"  Where  shall  it  begin  or  end  ? 
I  was  discussing  (and  Sxm  cuesing)  this  theory 
principle  with  Sim  McMaster  when  he  was 
manager  of  the  Blaok  Hills  mines.  Said  Mc- 
Master, "The  Freibergers  had  charge  of  the 
Comstock  and  made  a  failure  of  it.  We  Gili- 
fornia  boys  that  worked  our  way  up  from  the 
pick  and  shovel,  took  hold  and  mada  it  pay. 
Theory  may  be  all  right,  but  it  is  a  disease. 
Once  a  theorist,  always  a  theorist.  Oar  ores 
carry  a  small  per  cent  of  low-grade  sulphurets 
that  would  cost  more  to  save  and  treat  than 
their  value.  I  let  them  go  down  the  tail  race. 
Your  theorist  would  waste  good  money  saving 
them.  What  you  can't  (>ave  in  the  pan  don't 
try  to.  Let  some  theorist  spend  other  people's 
money  doing  it."  No  one  ever  questioned  Mc* 
Master's  ability,  and  I  have  never  had  occasion 
to  question  his  jadgment.     E.  H.  Schaefple, 

Murphya,  Oal. 


Building  Statistics  — A.8  an  evidenoe  of 
the  advance  made  by  the  United  States  in  the 
direction  of  providing  its  dwellers  with  suitable 
habitations,  etc.,  it  may  be  mentioned  that  the 
valud  of  the  building  stone  produced  last  year 
was  estimated  at  §25.500,000  and  that  bricks 
and  tile  to  the  amount  of  $48,213,000  were 
made.  These  materials  were  stuck  together 
with  49,087.000  barrels  of  lime,  valued  at  §24,- 
513,000  and  6  253  000  barrels  of  American  ce- 
ment worth  $4,533  000.  When  to  these  figures 
-  1b  added  the  enormous  amount  expended  for 
lumber,  honse  hardware  and  labor  in  con- 
struction it  will  be  seen  that  the  people  of  the 
United  States  are  paying  a  tidy  sum  every 
year  for  their  homes,  places  of  business, 
churches  and  other  buildings. 


Dr.  Paery  Gone. — Word  comes  from  Daven- 
port, Iowa,  that  Dr.  C.  C.  Parry,  the  well- 
known  botanist,  died  there  of  pneumonia  on  the 
20th  ult.  He  was  a  lifelong  explorer  and  dis- 
coverer, having  come  to  California  in  1S50  on 
the  Mexican  Boundary  Survey.  He  was  among 
the  early  investigators  in  the  Booky  mount- 
ains, and  a  continuous  laborer  in  botanical 
fields  in  Mexico  and  the  United  States.  Bs- 
aidee  bis  scientific  attainments,  his  gentle, 
quiet  ways  had  endeared  him  to  a  wide  circle 
of  friends,  who  will  join  us  in  regretting  that 
we  shall  no  more  see  his  kindly  face  and  hear 
hia  pleasant  greeting. 


Need  and  Help. 

There  ie  perhaps  no  one  duty  that  requires 
so  much  wisdom  and  delicate  care  as  the  dis- 
tribution of  our  social  charities.  Human  nature 
is  kindly  disposed,  and  where  there  is  want  and 
misery  it  is  comparatively  easy  to  awaken  a 
warm  glow  of  generous  feeling.  Money,  food 
and  clothing  will  be  freely  contributed,  but 
how  to  distribute  these  things  so  as  to  alleviate 
poverty  and  yet  not  to  encourage  dependence  is 
the  question. 

TaKe  an  illustration.  There  is  no  city  so 
amply  endowed  with  charitable  organizations  as 
London,  and  there  is  no  city  in  the  world  so 
overrun  with  the  most  abject  mendicancy, 
Now  is  there  any  relation  between  these  two 
facts  ?  Oan  it  be  that  one  is  cause  and  the 
other  effect  ?  Dies  that  old  natural  law  as  old 
as  the  granite  hills  and  quite  as  immovable,  the 
law  of  supply  and  demand,  hold  good  here  as 
in  the  business  world  ?  There  can  hardly  be  a 
doubt  of  it;  double  the  charitable  supplies  and 
they  will  be  called  for;  quadruple  them  and  the 
demand  will  keep  pace.  Suoh  we  are  told  is 
the  history  of  the  social  charities  of  London. 
On  the  other  hand,  Paris  has  a  light-hearted, 
giddy  population  that  loves  to  baek  in  the  sun- 
shine and  oDJoy  the  pleasures  of  the  passing 
hour.  Here  we  would  naturally  expect  to  find 
misery  more  extensive  and  poverty  more  de- 
grading, but  there  is  actually  less  want  and  of 
a  milder  kind.  And  yet  Paris,  in  comparison 
with  London,  is  very  poorly  equipped  with 
benevolent  and  charitable  associations. 

Now,  this  does  not  show  that  charity  is  an 
evil.  St.  Paul  made  no  mistake  when  he  placed 
the  crown  upon  charity  and  declared  it  as  the 
noblest  of  virtues.  All  those  who  are  in  abso- 
lute need,  the  aged,  the  sick,  the  helpless  and 
impotent  certainly  come  within  its  sphere.  No 
one  gets  so  much  real  happiness,  sweetness  and 
fragrance  out  of  life  as  he,  who  of  his  abun- 
dance, helps  to  assuage  the  sorrows  and  lighten 
the  burdens  of  mankind.  The  benevolence 
that  takes  the  shape  of  hospitals,  asylums  and 
other  humane  institutions,  so  far  from  being  a 
burden  should  be  considered  a  debt  that  soci- 
ety owes  to  Its  unfortunate  ones.  It  is  more  of 
a  blessing  to  society  than  a  burden  that  it  is 
stimulated  to  exercise  the  fraternal  sentiment 
come  into  the  consoiousneea  of  human  brother* 
hood. 

But,  now  while  the  beauty  and  lovellnesB  of 
charity  should  not  be  dimmed,  but  rather  made 
to  shine  with  inoreasing  luster,  still  the  stub- 
born fact  remains  that  every  man  is  degraded 
and  harmed  who  has  the  possibilities  of  inde- 
pendence within  him  and  yet  is  encouraged  to 
lean  upon  some  one  else.  Mrs.  James  T  FJeld, 
who  has  had  muoh  to  do  with  the  charities  of 
Boston,  in  her  excellent  little  work  entitled, 
"  How  to  Help  the  Poor,"  says: 

"  To  teach  the  poor  how  to  use  even  the  small 
share  of  goods  and  talents  intrusted  to  them 
proves  to  be  almost  the  only  true  help  of  a 
worldly  sort  whinh  it  is  possible  to  give  them. 
Other  gifts,  through  the  long  ages  tried  and 
found  wanting,  we  must  have  done  with. 
Nearly  a  million  of  dollars,  in  public  and  pri- 
vate charities,  have  been  given  away  in  one 
year  in  Boston  alone;  and  this  large  sum  has 
brought,  by  way  of  return,  a  more  fixed  body 
of  persons  who  live  upon  the  expectation  of 
public  assistance,  and  whose  degradation  be- 
comes daily  deeper.  The  truth  has  been  made 
clear  to  us  that  expenditure  of  money  and 
goods  alone  does  not  alleviate  poverty." 

The  author  of  the  admirable  work,  "Natural 
Law  in  the  Business  World,"  says:  **  A 
sharp  line  of  demarcation  needs  to  be  drawn  be- 
tween the  poor  man  and  a  pauper.  There  is 
little  necessary  resemblance  between  poverty 
and  pauperism.  The  worst  calamity  that  can 
befall  a  poor  man  is  to  become  pauperized.  He 
who  blindly  scatters  money  in  the  name  of 
charity  is  liable  to  do  incalculable  harm.  On 
the  other  hand,  he  who  teaches  a  man  how  to 
help  himself,  and  raises  him  from  the  depend- 
ent class  into  that  which  is  thrifty,  does  soci- 
ety and  humanity  a  great  favor."  This  is  the 
noble  work  that  the  Citizen's  Relief  Oommittee 
of  this  city  Is  just  now  busily  engaged  in.  The 
long,  cold,  ramy  winter  closed  up  or  greatly 
curtailed  many  avenues  of  employment,  and 
the  consequence  is  that  a  large  number  of  very 
worthy  poor  with  dependent  families  have  been 
unable  to  find  anything  to  do.  To  tide  this 
class  over  a  hard  spell  till  business  resumes  its 
wonted  ohannels,  as  it  surely  soon  will  do,  and 
at  the  same  time  not  to  make  San  Francisco 
the  rendezvous  of  tramps  and  vagrants,  who 
have  been  pauperized  by  intemperance,  vice, 
and  crime,  is  the  special  work  of  this  com- 
mittee, and  nobly  has  it  been  sustained  by  the 
liberality  of  our  business  men. 


Sharks  in  the  Adriatic — The  construction 
of  the  Saez  canal  has  made  a  free  passage  for 
the  sharks  from  the  Indian  ocean  to  the  Med- 
iterranean sea.  Previous  to  the  construction  of 
that  work  the  only  sharks  observed  in  that  sea 
was  when  some  speoiatly  enterprising  speci- 
men of  this  fish  followed  the  wake  of  some  ves- 
sel around  the  Oape  of  Good  Hope  and  through 
the  Straits  of  Gibraltar. 


The  Wealth  of  Nations  — The  wealth  of 
the  United  Kingdom  vf  Great  Britain  is  esti- 
mated at  $50,000,000,000.  If  this  is  correct, 
the  average  wealth  of  the  English  is  largely  in 
excess  of  that  of  any  other  nation.  The  three 
most  wealthy  nations  per  head  of  nopulation, 
ptand  aa  follows:  Groat  Britain,  $270;  France, 
§190;  United  States,  S160. 


California  Woolen  Manufacturing, 

Labor  CommisBioner  J.  J.  Tobin  has  made 
an  exhaustive  investigation  of  the  decay  of  wool 
mannfaoturing  in  Oalifornia.  He  has  found 
that  the  reavons  why  the  industry  has  decayed 
are:  (1)  Competition  with  Europe  and  the 
E&st,  (2)  higher  wages  than  paid  elsewhere,  (3) 
the  cost  of  fuel,  (4)  the  cost  of  water  and  (5) 
ruinous  taxation.     The  report  declares: 

A  little  over  a  year  ago  we  had  in  California 
12  woolen-mills,  running  76  carding  machines, 
with  a  capital  of  from  three  to  four  millions  of 
dollars.  At  present  only  half  that  number  are 
running  with  a  capacity  of  only  28  carding  ma- 
chines. This  is  less  than  half  we  had  ten  years 
ago.  According  to  the  United  States  census 
for  1S80,  California  had  nine  won]en>mills,  60 
sets  of  carding.  138  knitting  and  16  sewing  ma 
ohiups  and  18  740  spindles.  Capital  invested, 
^1  676.500.     Number  of  employes,  835. 

The  Pioneer  of  San  Francisco,  by  far  the 
largest  in  the  State,  having  37  sets  of  carding 
machines,  or  half  of  the  capacity  of  all  our 
woolen-milla,  haa  closed  down,  thereby  throw- 
ing 700  employes  out  of  work.  The  California 
Hosiery  Co.  at  Oikland  has  closed  its  doors, 
and  more  than  100  hands  have  been  thus  dc' 
prived  of  their  means  of  living. 

The  Los  Angeles,  Santa  R^sa,  Stockton  and 
Woodland  mills  are  not  now  running,  and  of 
course  a  large  number  of  weavers,  spinners, 
etc.,  are  deprived  of  work.  It  becomes,  there- 
fore, a  question  of  grave  import  as  to  what  the 
causes  are  why  woolen  manufactures  cannot 
thrive  in  Oalifornia.  To  ascertain  the  facts,  an 
investigation  was  set  on  foot  by  the  bureau  with 
the  following  results: 

All  the  managers,  superintendents,  etc,  of 
woolen-mills  who  were  interviewed  concurred 
in  saying  that  ov^er  or  excessive  production  of 
woolen  goods  was  the  first  or  primary  cause. 
This  is  borne  out  by  the  statistics  published  re- 
lating to  the  woolen  manufacture  and  consump- 
tion of  last  year.  According  to  Bradstreet, 
there  were  no  less  than  61  failures  of  woolen 
manufacturing  concerns  during  the  year  1SS9, 
with  assets  amounting  to  $5  651,000  and  liabili- 
ties $8,149,000.  For  the  previous  year  (1888) 
thern  were  49  failures,  with  asnets  amounting 
to  §1.723,000  and  liabilities  to  S3  101,000.  On 
the  other  hand,  the  quantity  of  woolen  manu- 
factured goods  imported  into  the  United  States 
largely  increased  during  these  two  years.  Ac- 
cording to  a  report  issued  from  the  Treasury 
Department,  the  averaee  imports  for  ten 
months  each  year  from  1884  to  1888  inolusive 
amounted  to  S37  978  862,  while  in  1889  the 
amount  rose  to  $47,167,423. 

Capacity  Ezceeding  Demand. 

The  woolen-mills  of  California  had  a  produc- 
ing capacity  far  in  excess  of  the  local  demand. 
Oae  mill  alone — the  Pioneer — could  more  than 
supply  the  home  market.  Export  trade  to 
B  ttish  America,  Mexico,  Central  or  South 
America  is  impossible  under  existing  tarifi'  sys- 
tems. Unless,  then,  the  woolen-mills  of  Cali- 
fornia could  successfully  compete  with  East- 
ern manufacturers,  it  is  manifestly  impossible 
to  keep  them  all  running.  This  they  have 
learned  by  experience  they  cannot  do.  Our 
manufacturers  in  California  have  not  only  been 
unable  to  sell  goods  to  Eistern  buyers,  bnt 
Eastern  manufacturers  have  shipped  goods  to 
this  market  and  undersold  manufacturers  here. 

No  wonder  then  that,  laboring  under  all  the 
disadvantages  herein  enumerated,  woolen  manu- 
facture has  not  been  a  prosperous  or  even  a 
paying  industry  in  California.  Still  the  time 
may  not  be  far  distant  when  there  will  be  a 
market  for  all  the  goods  that  could  be  manu- 
factured by  every  mill  that  was  ever  started  in 
California.  If  one  of  the  results  of  the  Pan- 
American  Congress  should  be  the  negotiation  of 
reciprocity  treaties,  whereby  our  textile  fabrics 
would  be  admitted  free  of  duty  to  Mexico  and 
the  Central  and  South  American  republics, 
there  would  be  work  for  every  loom  and  spindle 
and  sewing  machine  in  all  our  factories. 

British  Columbia  Mines. 

The  Hon.  Mr.  Robaon  has  presented  the  an- 
nual report  of  the  Minister  of  Mines  for  the 
year  ending  3lBt  Deoember,  1889.  It  shows 
that  since  185S  to  the  present  time  the  esti- 
mated total  yield  of  gold  and  silver  amounted 
to  $52  236  753,  the  gold  product  of  1889  having 
been  $588  923,  of  which  $490,760  were  known 
to  have  been  exported  by  the  banks,  leaving 
some  $98,154  as  having  been  carried  away  in 
private  hands.  The  year's  estimated  yield  of 
silver  was  $47  873.  The  number  of  miners  em- 
ployed was  1929  Their  average  yearly  earn- 
ings have  reached  $330.  The  exporters  of  the 
gold  referred  to  were  the  Bank  of  British 
Columbia,  $254,816;  Garesche,  Green  &  Co., 
$188,580;  and  the  Bank  of  British  North 
America,  $47,373.  Tie  yield  in  the  Cuiboo 
district  reached  $217,892.  of  which  $78  542  are 
credited  to  the  division  of  Birkerville,  $41,150 
to  Lightning  Creek.  $37,000  to  Qaesnellemouth, 
and  $61,000  to  K  ithley  Crtek.  Cassiar  is 
down  for  $54,910;  Koot'-nay  (western  division), 
gold  $12  700,  silver  $47  873;  eastern  division 
do,  gold  $36  200;  Lillooet,  gold  $60  364;  Yale, 
Oaoyoos  division,  $10,500  gold;  Similkameen 
division,  $35  800;  total  for  Yale,  $46,300. 

The  reports  of  the  various  commissioners 
deal  at  greater  length  with  the  respective  sec- 
tions, all  of  them   intimating  how  greatly  and 


profitably  it  is  possible  to  extend  operations 
among  the  necessary  conditions  being  the  re- 
duction of  the  duty  on  mining  machinery  aod 
the  providence  of  improved  transportation  fa- 
cilities. The  Inspector  of  coal  mines  aonounceB 
that  during  the  year  the  following  mines  have 
been  onerated;  their  respective  outputs  have 
been:  Nanaimo  colliery,  223,870  tons,  18  owe  ; 
Wellington,  273,383  tonp,  14  cwts;  East  Well- 
ington,  51,372  tons;  Union  colliery,  31  204 
tons.  The  total  output  of  the  year  was  579,- 
730  tons,  12  cwts.,  the  coal  on  hand  on  Jan. 
1,  1889,  having  been  10,022|  tons.  The  ex- 
port of  these  ooUeries  was  443,675  tons;  home 
consumption,  124,574^  tons;  and  on  hand  Ist 
January,  1890,  a  little  over  22.504  tons.  The 
etatement  shows  the  output  and  export  of  coal 
from  1887  to  1889: 

Output.  Export, 

Toiiq.  Tons. 

If87 413,360  334.839 

1«S!S 489,3(10  306  714 

1SS9 579,830  4J3,675 

The  following  statement  shows  the  various 
sources  with  quantities  of  their  fnnply  of  coal 
to  the  State  of  California  from  1SS7: 

1887,        1S98,  1SS9. 

Ton  9.        Tons.  Too  a. 

British  Columbia 324  949  345,681  417,904 

Australia 155  649  271.012  407.032 

England  and  Wales .,     9t,243  126,167  32,890 

Scotland 12,615        10,080  12,727 

EasterD    States  (anthracite, 

etc.) 24,102        30,118  18,9.^0 

Puget  Snund 669  710  568,918  372,514 

Coos  Bay  and  Mt  Diabli...,     39,155        81,194  87.600 

Japan 13.S06  1,340 

Totals...    1,217,428   1,448,203   1,351,957 

Appended  are  the  respective  colliery  returns, 
together  with  the  list  of  questions  eubmitted  by 
the  examiners  in  Nanaimo  under  the  *' Goal 
Mines  Regulation  Act." 


Coast  Industrial  Notes. 

The  pay-roll  of  the  0. ay  Watch  Co.  in  San 
Diego  is  now  $3000  -^  month. 

The  El  Dorado  fljur-millB,  Placerville,  were 
burned  March  3i;  loss  $15,000. 

A  Factory  for  making  black  lead  and  indigo 
blueing  has  been  started  in  Victoria,  B  C. 

Ross'  Iron  Works,  Spokane  F^IN,  was 
burnRd  on  the  9sh  inat.  Loss,  between  §50.000 
and  S60.000. 

They  are  quite  successful  in  Stockton,  San 
Joaquin  oounty,  with  their  natural  gas  wells. 
A  flow  has  recently  been  found  in  the  well  on 
the  State  asylum  grounds. 

The  Tahoe  Ice  Oo.  gathered  about  12,000 
tons  this  year,  which  is  about  three-fourths  of 
a  crop.  They  have  had  much  trouble  with  the 
snow.  The  ice  crop  along  the  Truckee  river 
this  Reason  is  only  about  half  as  much  as  usual. 

The  Oentralia  (Wash.)  J^ewa  says  that  the 
Paget  Mill  Co.  has  such  immense  holdings  of 
timber  land  that  even  at  its  present  rate  of  cut- 
ting they  will  be  using  their  own  timber  for 
the  nfxt  90  years.  In  Mason  county  alone  they 
own  63  000  acres. 

The  Salt  Lake  Tribune  says  that  the  Union 
Pacitic  railroad  will  be  built  into  Southern  Oali- 
fornia in  less  than  two  years,  and  that  about 
2000  engineers,  bridge-builders,  graders  and 
track-layers  will  move  from  that  city  into 
Southern  Nevada  next  month  for  the  purpose 
of  building  the  road. 

Electrician  W.  W.  Slater,  at  West  Oak- 
land, is  at  work  on  an  electrical  appliance  on 
several  passenger  coaches  at  the  pier,  which,  if 
puocessful,  will  be  placed  on  the  cars  at  West 
Oikland.  The  electrical  contrivance  is  an  ar- 
rangement which  is  intended  to  take  the  place 
of  the  bell  cord  running  through  the  cars. 

At  the  Inyo  marble  quarry  the  force  is  now 
engaged  in  getting  out  tiles  for  use  in  the 
Palace  Hotel,  San  Francisco.  The  dssign  is 
attractive,  being  a  yellow  center,  10x10  inches, 
bordered  with  ten-inch  strips  of  the  beautiful 
variegated  moss-agate  marble,  and  having  white 
corners.  The  contract  calls  for  §7000  worth  of 
marble. 

King  Upton  and  F.  W.  Stanley  of  Biston, 
W.  R,  Garrett  of  MansOeld,  0.,  and  J.  A. 
Boyer  of  Chicago  are  said  to  have  been  here 
recently,  and  in  the  interest  of  Swift,  the 
Chicago  refrigerator  car  man  and  pork  and 
beef  packer.  Their  idea  was  to  interest  local 
capitalists  in  the  enterprise  and  to  eBtablisb 
a  big  industry  along  the  bay  shore. 

It  is  reported  that  a  corporation  composed  of 
Eastern  capitalists  and  backed  by  $2,500,000 
capital  has  bonded  1400  acres  of  land  at  Point 
Pinole,  Contra  Costa  Co.,  on  the  Hne  of  the 
Southern  Pacific  Railroad,  a  few  miles  above 
this  city.  An  immense  beef  and  pork-packing 
establishment  will  be  started.  J.  K.  Garret- 
son,  a  Sioux  City  banker,  is  said  to  be  on  his 
way  here  to  complete  the  preliminary  ar- 
rangements. 

A  BIG  financial  institution  which  baa  no 
counterpart  in  this  country  is  soon  to  be  or- 
ganized in  New  York.  It  will  have  for  its  prin- 
cipal object  the  capitalization  of  industrial  en- 
terpriees.  In  faot,  it  is  the  intention  to  repro- 
duce industrial  corporations  which  have  within 
10  or  15  years  opened  an  enormous  field  for  in- 
vestment in  England,  The  new  institution 
will  have  a  capital  of  85,000,000,  and  it  will  be 
a  joint  English  and  American  company,  with 
headquarters  in  New  York  and  London. 

For  the  first  time  in  the  history  of  the 
Utsalady  mill,  Waehington,  the  local  demand 
tor  lumber  is  greater  the  supply  which  the  mill 
is  capacited  to  cut,  that  is  more  than  100,000 
feet  per  day,  and  the  entire  product  is  con- 
sumed on  Fidalgo  island.  The  Utsalady  mill 
company  has  jast  opened  a  new  yard  on  the 
west  aide  of  MoNaHght*a  ooean  dock  and  Mr, 


Mar.  22,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


199 


Ofveo  hai  opened  another  lumber  yard  on  the 
eaat  aide  of  the  a«me  dock.  A  new  sttatn  saw- 
mill ia  in  operation  adjoining  tbe  O^ens  Ibmber 
yard.  Amoa  Bowman  ia  baildiog  a  ateam  saw 
mill  on  the  b^ach  in  front  of  bis  former  real* 
denoe.  Beveral  ateam  aawmllls  will  aoon  be 
rannlDg  on  Fidalgo  bay. 

In  the  repairs  to  the  Stearna'  wharf  at  Sinta 
Barbara,  the  piles  put  down  are  of  eucalyptus 
trees  grown  In  that  city.  About  a  year  ago  a 
few  pilea  of  this  wood  were  aaed,  and  altbongh 
It  ia  yet  too  aoon  for  poaitive  rebulta,  from  alt 
appearances  the  piles  have  not  bef  a  touohed  by 
the  teredo  and  seemingly  not  iojured  by  the 
water.  The  trees  grow  to  a  great  hight  and 
are  straight  and  strong,  and  if  the  teredo  does 
not  Injure  them,  they  will  aoon  come  into  gen 
eral  nae  for  wharf  work. 

TiiK  Alaska  canneries  have  paid  well  in 
former  seasons,  and  there  were  last  year  liB  of 
them  In  operation  on  the  rivers  where  salmon 
were  plentiful,  List  year,  however,  some  of 
them  did  well  and  paid  handsome  dividends, 
bat  the  majority  returned  little  profit,  and 
a  few  hardly  paid  expenses.  This  season,  so 
far  as  known,  every  cannery  in  Alaska  will  be 
operated,    but   the   increased    number  will    be 


niond  tbioke  that  though  white  pine  now  com- 
mands here  a  larger  price  than  redwood,  it  oan- 
not  remain  long  so.     There  ia   a   large   area  of 

<  pine  lands,  he  says,  bat  tbe  area  of  redwood  is 
very  email. 

I  \'Vhk  aeal  fisbermeD  who  fit  out  from  tbla  port 
for  northern  waters  are  likely  to  make  money 
thia  year  with  any  sort  of  catoh.     A   year  ago 

I  raw  sealskins  were  freely  offered  in  the  market 
for  $6  apiece.  Contracts  with  the  sealers  were 
made,  it  if*  snid,  for  even  less  during  the  early 
part  of  1SS9.  At  present,  efforts  are  being 
made  to  contraot  for  tbe  season  with  the  offer  of 
$10.50  a  pelt  for  the  prospective  catch.  Ki- 
ueutly  prices  have  advnooed,  until  it  Is  confi- 
dently believed  that  $12  per  skin  will  be 
reached  before  the  season  oloees.  This  advance 
of  100  per  cent  in  the  price  for  sealskins  in  the 
past  year,  it  is  thought,  will  stimulate  sealers 
to  uncommon  exertions,  and  for  this  reason 
that  tbe  coming  season  will  be  one  of  the  great- 
est  excitement  among  tbe  banters  of  the  far 
north. 

The  projected  extensions  and  branches  of  tbe 
California-street  cable  railroad  in  this  city  will 
pive  an  increase  of  30,000  lineal  feet  of  track. 
Tbe  double>ended  cars  designed  by  the  cffiaials 


tbe  land  $6000.  The  water  rights,  ditches  and 
reservoir  were  placed  at  $45  500.  and  a  dam 
whiob  ia  to  be  constructed  to  coat  $10  000.  The 
reservoir  will  have  a  o&pacitv  of  274  000,000 
gallons.  The  ditohes  will  be  19  miles  in  leneth 
and  250  inches  of  water  are  guaranteed.  The 
appropriation  made  by  the  last  Legislature  for 
the  purpose  of  establishing  a  State  reformatory 
at  lone  was  $ltJ0,000,  so  that  nearly  $100,000 
of  the  amount  will  remain  for  the  conscruction 
and  maintenance  of  the  school  after  the  land 
and  the  water  rights  are  paid  for. 

A  New  Use  for  Uranite. 

A  New  Hampshire  gentleman  has  brought 
out  a  new  use  for  granite,  which  is  described  in 
an  exchange  as  follows: 

"  We  have  been  shown  and  have  seen  some 
preliminary  tests  made  of  a  new  composition 
made  from  finely  oruahed  granite,  which,  when 
formed  into  any  desired  ehape  by  molding  and 
afterward  burned  and  hardened,  is  to  all  ap- 
pearances harder  and  as  strong  and  durable  aa 
the  solid  atone  Itself,  which  it  resembles  closely 
in  appearance.     The  composition   is  an   invec- 


by  passiog  between  iron  rollers.  It  Is  not  yet 
determined,  of  coarse,  how  fine  or  how  varied 
a  finish  can  be  given  to  this  material,  nor  has 
its  durability  beeo  demonatrated  beyond 
donbt." 

A  Kern  County  Garden, 

In  Kern  county,  a  region  of  our  State  which 
is  fast  coming  into  prominence,  natural  condi- 
tions favor  the  growth  of  a  great  variety  of 
ornamental  as  well  as  of  economic  plants.  It 
is  wonderful  with  what  rapidity  plantings  ad- 
vance providing  soil  and  moisture  conditions 
are  favorable.  The  attractive  engraving  on 
this  page  gives  the  reader  a  glimpse  at  a  planta- 
tion of  ornamental  trees  and  shrubs  at  Stock- 
dale  ranch,  situated  about  5^  miles  southwest 
of  Bakersfield. 

The  view  Inclades  only  a  small  part  of  the 
ornamental  plantings  on  the  property.  To  the 
left,  in  the  foreground,  are  pittosporum  and 
heliotrope  and  to  the  right  are  cypress  and 
arbor  vitse,  while  on  the  extreme  right  is  a 
beautiful  collection  of  ohrysanthemums.  Scat- 
tered through  the  middle  ground  of  the  piotare 
are  roses,  tube   roses,  dahlias,  hollyhocks,  car* 


A    COLLECTION    OF    ORNAMENTAL    GROWTHS    AT    STOCKDAE    RANCH    IN    KERN    COUNTY. 


small.  Oaly  two  new  canneries,  it  is  thought, 
will  be  established.  List  season  70  veseela 
were  employed  in  the  traffio,  and  in  all  1500 
sailors  and  fishermen  were  drawn  from  this 
port  and  transferred  for  the  summer  to  north- 
ern waters.  By  the  middle  of  April,  it  ia  said, 
this  number  will  have  disappeared  from  this 
port  for  at  least  six  months. 

Some  idea  of  the  importance  of  the  Alaska 
traffic  can  be  gathered  from  the  fact  that  fully 
1500  sailors  from  this  port  alone  are  required  in 
manning  the  fieet.  In  conseqaence,  during  the 
next  month,  there  will  be  a  considerable  less- 
ening of  the  oversnpply  of  coasting  sailors 
which  always  exists  at  this  season  of  the  year. 
No  definite  or  accurate  estimate  of  the  value  of 
the  productions  of  Alaska  has  ever  been  made.  It 
must  amount  to  several  millions  of  dollars  an- 
naally.  The  sealing  contract  alone  is  estimated 
to  bring  tbe  GDvernment  in  Sl.OOO.OOOj  to 
which  must  be  added  the  value  of  the  mining, 
cannery,  fur,  fish  and  other  interests. 

E.  S.  Hammond,  a  leading  lumberman  of 
Daluth,  Minn,,  has  all  bis  life  been  engaged  in 
lumbering  in  the  pine  forests  of  Wisconsin  and 
Minnesota.  He  ia  now  here  for  pleaaare,  but 
1b  taking  a  great  deal  of  Interest  in  the  red- 
wood, white  pine  and  fir  forests  of  tbe  Pacific 
Ooaat.  He  has  recently  visited  Alabama,  Mls- 
sissipi  and  other  heavily  timbered  States  of 
the  South.  He  says  the  timber  there  is  much 
inferior  to  that  of  the  Pacific  Coast,  particularly 
so  far   as   the   pine   is  concerned.     Mr.    Ham- 


of  this  company  will  be  pnt  on  the  new  line,  and 
cars  of  this  pattern  will  run  on  the  California- 
street  road  should  it  be  necessary  to  add  new 
rolling-stock  to  the  present  equipment.  In  ad- 
dition, to  the  orosB-town  road,  the  long-talked- 
of  and  much-needed  extension  of  the  old  line 
will  be  made  this  summer.  It  will  run  from 
tbe  present  terminal  the  five  blocks  from  Kearny 
to  Divis  street,  and  will  ba  a  great  convenience 
to  those  having  bnainess  nt  the  wholesale 
hoases  in  that  vicinity  and  will  give  much  bet- 
ter facilities  for  reaching  the  ferry.  Plans  for 
the  new  power-hoase  are  not  finished,  but  will 
be  ready  the  latter  part  of  this  or  the  early 
part  of  next  month.  It  is  known,  however, 
that  tbe  structure  will  be  of  brick,  three  stories 
high,  and  will  compare  favorably  with  any 
similar  building  in  tbe  city.  The  new  plant  of 
machinery  will  be  one  of  the  finest  in  the  coun- 
try. All  the  latest  improvements  in  cable-line 
machinery,  including  a  600  horfle-power  triple 
expansion  engine,  will  be  pnt  in.  Every  part 
of  the  big  engine  and  machinery  will  be  pur* 
chnsed  in  San  Fraucisoo. 

The  Prison  L>ireotors  have  decided  by  a 
nnanimouB  vote  to  enter  into  a  contract  with 
B.  Isaacs  providing  for  the  purchase  of  the 
lands,  water  rights,  reservoir  and  ditches  for 
the  proposed  reformatory  at  lOne,  Amedor 
county.  The  price  agreed  upon  was  $61,500, 
The  site  eovere  300  acres,  100  of  which  are 
given  to  the  State,  and  the  remaining  200  are 
parobased  at  $30  an  acre,  making  the   price  of 


tion  of  a  gentleman  who  does  not  yet  wish  to 
have  his  name  made  public.  Steps  are  now  be- 
ing taken  to  have  the  process  of  manufacture 
patented. 

"It  is  claimed  by  those  who  have  looked 
into  the  matter  that  all  kinds  of  ornaments  for 
buildings,  such  as  window  caps  or  sills,  cor- 
nices, frifzas,  and  everything  of  this  nature  oan 
be  molded  to  accurate  shapes  and  forma  and 
manufactured  by  this  process  at  one-tenth  the 
cost  of  cutting  the  same  out  of  the  solid  rock. 
These  ornaments  can  also  he  vitrified  so  that 
they  will  take  on  a  permanent  gloss  aa  fine  as 
polished  granite  and  at  a  mere  fraction  of  its 
cost.  Irregular  surfaces  may  be  glazed,  of 
course,  and  many  handsome  designs  made  and 
used  for  building  and  other  purposes  at  a  very 
small  cost,  provided  this  material  ia  found  to 
be  perfectly  impervious  and  durable,  as  it  is 
now  believed  to  be, 

*'  A  hundred  ways  can  easily  be  thought  of 
in  which  this  material  can  be  uaed.  Theaam- 
plea  we  have  seen  are  made  into  paper  weights, 
circular  disks,  medallions,  etc.  The  composi- 
tion follows  closely  the  color  and  texture  of  the 
atone  from  which  it  ia  made.  Roxbury  gran- 
ite would  make  a  light-colored  block,  Qainoy 
granite  a  darker  one,  and  so  on  through  the 
Hat.  The  material  may  be  made  from  waate 
atonea  as  well  aa  any,  and  other  kinds  of  stone 
besides  granite  could  be  used,  we  presume. 
The  stone  would  be  first  crushed  in  a  stone- 
crusher,  and   afterward  more   finely   powdered 


nations,  zinnias,  geraniams  in  great  variety, 
also  verbenas,  marigolds,  nasturtiums,  etc,  Tne 
palms  in  the  picture  are  readily  recognized. 

In  the  background,  in  front  of  the  tall  trees, 
are  hedges  of  cherokee  rose  and  pomegranate. 
In  the  center,  midway  between  the  palms,  ia 
the  summer-honae  of  honeysuckle  and  wistaria, 
and  there  are  besides  scores  of  flowers  and 
shrubs  which  our  enumeration  does  not  Include, 
New  aettlera  In  the  upper  San  Joaquin  valley 
can  learn  much  of  the  adaptation  of  various 
planta  to  their  region  by  a  stndy  of  the  gardens 
on  Stockdale  ranch. 


New  and  Smokeless  Fuel-Saving  Pkocess. 
It  is  said  that  all  the  region  round  about  Peoria, 
111.,  is  in  great  excitement  over  tbe  univeraal 
fuel  process  of  destroying  smoke  and  saving 
coal.  Out  of  90  tests  it  is  claimed  that  an  aver- 
age of  40  per  cent  of  the  coal  has  been  saved 
and  all  the  smoke  destroyed.  The  master  me* 
chanio  of  the  Rock  Island  railroad  reports  after 
a  week's  trial  that  it  is  a  net  saving  every  day 
of  between  $10  and  $12  for  each  and  every  en- 
gine on  the  road. 


Watch  Sfeings,  piano  strings  and  similar 
articles  are  being  successfully  tempered  by 
electricity.  The  steel  is  wound  on  a  spool, 
placed  in  an  oil  bath,  and  by  the  electric  cur- 
rent kept  at  the  exact  degree  of  redness  neoea* 
aary  for  the  temper  reqaired.' 


200 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Mab.  22,  18S0 


II]lNIJ\JG   SUMMAF^Y, 

The  foUowmg  Is  mortly  condensed  from  joumalfl  published 
Id  the  interior,  in  proximity  to  the  mines  mentioned. 


CALIFORNIA. 

Atnador. 

Amador  Gold  Mine. — Ledger,  March  16:  There 
is  little  change  to  report  at  this  mine.  The  miners 
are  still  on  the  strike.  Not  that  the  owners  are  de- 
sirous of  having  the  men  return  to  work  at  pres- 
ent, but  the  money  matters  between  the  employes 
and  employers  remain  in  an  unsettled  condition. 
Some  of  ihe  men  have  been  paid  one  month's  wages ; 
others  hold  out  for  the  full  amount  due.  It  is  un- 
derstood that  if  the  latter  are  not  paid  before  the  ex- 
piration of  the  30  days  alloived  by  law  in  which  to 
file  liens,  they  will  proceed  to  secure  themselves  by 
liens.  It  is  reported  that  a  small  force  of  men  will 
be  put  to  work  Monday.  Efforts  are  being  made  to 
get  the  rock-breaker  and  other  heavy  machinery 
hauled  from  lone,  and  with  a  few  days  more  fine 
weather  it  is  thought  that  the  balance  of  the  mill 
machinery  can  be  placed  on  the  ground.  We  have 
just  heard  from  undoubtedly  reliable  sources  that 
sufficient  money  will  be  here  from  London  to  pay 
the  men  in  full  to-dav  (Saturday). 

The  Plymouth  Con.— The  Plymouth  Con.  Gold 
M.  Co. 's  report  for   the  year   ended  Dec.  31,  1889, 
hiakes  the  following  fiscal  showing: 
Gold  bullion  produced  by  the  mines  of 

this  company  for  the  year  1889 $i37.335  0 

Operating  expenses 63.747  61 

Profit] $43-588  35 

Indebtedness  Jan.  1,  1889 i5'446  93 


Surplus  Jan.   1,1890..., $28,14142 

The  productive  detail  by  months  was  as  follows: 
Bullion  produced. 

February $  6.750  00 

March 20,607  44 

April 20,346  45 

May 19.12373 

June -..    15.675  07 

July 25.895  5' 

August 11.779  22 

September  {cleaning  mil'). 

October... i4.7rr  27 

November 1-039  73 

December 1,406  93 

The  sole  management  of  the  operations  at  the 
mine  is  now.  as  heretofore,  under  the  care  of  Messrs. 
Hayward  &  Hobart,  two  of  the  directors  of  the  com- 
pany, whose  large  experience  and  well-known  abili- 
ty have  produced  the  hitherto  brilliant  results.  The 
company  owns  an  extensive  system  of  water-works. 
While  this  is  not  immediately  available,  it  is  believed 
that  ultimately  it  will  possess  considerable  value  for 
irrigation  and  other  purposes.  About  35  men  are 
now  employed. 

Miscellaneous. — We  are  informed  that  the  in- 
junction suit  of  Wm.  Doyle  vs.  Amador  Gold  Mine 
will  probably  be  compromised.  The  compi^ny  say 
they  have  no  desire  to  intrude  upon  other  persons' 
rights,  and  are  desirous  of  settling  the  matters  in 
dispute  without  the  intervention  of  the  courts.  The 
Summit  mine  is  to  be  placed  with  Eastern  capitalists 
if  possible.  Mr.  Stewart  of  Sutter  Creek  bonded  it 
some  time  ago  for  56000,  paying  $2000  down.  The 
bond  was  about  to  expire  when  other  parties  stepped 
in  and  paid  the  balance  due  and  thereby  secured  a 
title.  The  McKenzie  mill  at  Irishtown  resumed  op- 
erations this  week  after  several  weeks'  idleness  on 
accoant  of  the  weather, 

Calaveras. 

Sheep  Ranch.— Cor.  Calaveras  Prospect^  March 
15:  Mining,  ranching  and  all  out-door  work  of 
every  description  has  been  retarded  to  a  great  ex- 
tent this  winter  hereabout,  but  when  spring  comes, 

"  the  balmy  day  will  see  much  activity  displayed. 
Everybody  will  be  on  the  jump  to  do  work  that  has 
been  necessarily  left  undone.  Roads  are  to  be 
built,  timber  cut,  wood  hauled  and  prospecting  done, 

.  and  it  is  certain  there  will  be  no  idle  men  in  the 
neighborhood  then. 

EI  Dorado. 
The  Taylor.— Cor.  Georgetown  Gazette,  March 
13:  This  mine  has  been  worked  more  or  less  for 
the  past  30  years,  and  has  always  been  considered 
one  of  the  best  mines  on  this  side  of  the  county. - 
Last  fall  this  mine  changed  hands,  and  has  since 
been  running  under  the  management  of  W.  S.  &  E. 
W.  Chapman  of  S.  F.  These  gentlemen  seem  to 
be  enterprising,  go-ahead  men.  or  they  would  have 
been  discouraged  months  ago.  as  the  weather  has 
been  against  them  since  they  first  began  work.  Find- 
ing it  impossible  to  get  teams  in  this  vicinity  to  haul 
lumber  through  the  mud.  they  brought  their  own 
teams  from  Marysville  to  do  the  work,  and  although 
the  ro_ads  have  been  very  bad,  they  are  hauling  lum- 
ber almost  every  day.  They  hwe  in  course  of 
erection  a  ao-stamp  mill,  with  ample  room  for  20 
more  if  they  are  needed.  The  building  of  the  mill 
is  in  charge  of  Millwright  James  White  of  S.  F.  A 
Mr.  Bath  of  Placerville  is  foreman  of  the  under- 
ground work.  In  theabse'  ce  of  the  superintendent, 
E.  W.  Chapman,  W.  E.  Dennison  has  full  charge 
of  the  works.  About  40  men  in  all  are  now  em- 
ployed on  the  works,  with  a  prospect  of  many  more 
in  the  near  future. 

Bear  Creek. — Cor.  Georgetown  Gazette,  March 
13:  Since  water  is  so  plentiful  a  number  of  fine 
placer  mines  have  been  opened  and  are  paying  their 
lucky  owners  well.  Work  is  being  pushed  forward 
as  fast  as  possible  on  the  Slate  Mountain  mines, 
showing  the  bonders  mean  business.  The  Darling 
quartz  mine  stops  for  nothing. 

Kern. 

Ore.  —  Kern  Co.  California}!,  March  \^i  R. 
Van  Geem  and  John  Doika  are  crushing  at  the 
Hayes  mill  in  Havilah  a  14-ton  lot  from  their  mine 
in  the  Flying  Dutchman  district.  Johns  5:  Digman 
are  taking  some  rich  gold  quartz  out  of  a  claim  in 
the  Rand  Hill,  and  will  soon  crush  at  \hv.  Hayes 
-mill.  Five  miners  are  working  on  the  Miller  & 
Welch  claim  in  Bald  Eagle  mountain  near  Havilah, 
and  on  Monday  the  pack-train  commenced  trans- 
porting the  quartz  to  the  Hayes  mill.  In  Kernville  the 
main  shaft  of  the  W.  B.  Walker  mine  has  been  sunk 
80  feet  within  the  last  two  months.  The  vein  in  the 
bottom  is  26  inches  wide.  It  has  been  widening 
gradually  from  the  top.  The  footwall  is  hard  and 
§0li4  and  the  hanging  is  now  be£[innlDg  tg  niali?  JR 


good  shape.     The  ledge  is  almost  entirely  picking 
ground,  though  an  occasional  shot  is  put  in. 
Mariposa. 

Coulterville.— A^tii-j,  March  15:  Several  men 
have  been  set  at  work  on  the  old  Wagoner  mine, 
which  changed  owners  a  short  time  ago.  Some  rich 
sirtkes  have  been  made  in  pocket  mines  this  season. 
Mark  Parker  is  credited  with  taking  out  64  ounces 
in  two  days.  Miner  Hilliard  of  Bull  creek  reports 
favorably  of  the  raining  prospects  on  the  north  side 
of  the  river.  People  on  the  north  side  of  the  Merced 
are  anxious  to  see  work  commenced  on  the  roads 
and  feel  as  keen  an  interest  in  the  sale  of  the  bonds 
as  we  do  on  the  Mariposa  side.  Operations  on  the 
Bondurant  mine  will  be  resumed  as  soon  as  Supt. 
Zukoski  returns.  His  arrival  is  expected  within  a 
few  days.  The  mine  was  paying  when  it  was  closed 
down  in  December  last.  The  suspension  was  tem- 
porary and  was  occasioned  by  a  failure  of  the  wood 
supply. 

Nevada. 

MrLL.  —  Tidings,  March  14:  Lord  &  Co.'s  new 
five-stamp  mill  on  the  Spanish  mine  near  Nevada 
City  is  about  completed.  Some  excellent  ore  has 
been  opened  up  in  the  mine. 

Derbec.  —  The  Derbec  mine  at  Bloomfield  is 
working  with  a  medium-sized  crew,  good  results  at- 
tending. Cold  weather  has  made  water  for  washing 
the  gravel  somewhat  scarce. 

Water.— Supt.  Abadie  tells  us  that  the  flow  of 
seepage  water  into  the  North  Star  is  diminishing  at 
the  rate  of  four  or  five  inches  daily,  and  that  the 
pumps  are  handling  the  accumulation  satisfactorily. 

Brunswick  Mine.— Grass  Valley  Unh'n,  March 
15:  Major  Fitzgerald  has  returned  from  San  Fran- 
cisco and  says  work  on  the  Brunswick  mioe  is  to  be 
resumed  immediately.  Such  repairs  as  are  necessa- 
ry will  be  made  to  the  machinery,  and  then  the  sink- 
ing of  the  new  shaft  will  be  continued.  The  mine  is 
in  good  condition,  and  not  much  will  be  required  in 
fitting  it  up  for  the  resumption  of  work.  The  inten- 
tion is  to  sink  the  shaft  in  order  to  get  into  more 
solid  ground  than  was  foundon  the  adit  level,  when 
drifts  will  be  opened.  The  reorgan'zation  of  the 
company  has  been  completed,  and  the  stockholders 
are  nearly  all  new  men,  residents  of  New  York  and 
San  Francisco.  Henry  C  Murray,  who  was  a  prom- 
inent stockholder  in  the  late  organization,  has  dis- 
posed of  bis  interest  in  the  mine.  The  new  compa- 
ny starts  under  favorable  auspices,  and  intends  to  do 
considerable  work  in  the  way  of  development. 

From  Washington.  —  Grass  Valley  Oriion, 
March  16:  Alf.  Tregidgo  and  Geo.  A.  Hare, 
superintendents  of  the  Washington  and  Yuba  quartz 
mines,  have  reached  Nevada  City  after  breaking  a 
trail  through  the  snow  from  Washington,  after  be- 
ing blockaded  for  several  months.  They  report 
fresh  meat  as  scarce  up  there. 

Ben  Franklin  Mine.— E.  P.  Huchins  and  L. 
P.  Calkins,  who  have  for  some  time  been  looking  at 
quartz  properties,  left  yesterday  for  home,  expecting 
to  return  again  during  the  spring  months.  It  is  re- 
ported that  they  have  negotiated  for  the  Ben  Frank- 
lin mine,  situated  on  the  Osborne  Hill  range  near 
the  lower  Colfax  road,  and  that  work  upon  it  will 
be  started  up  during  the  summer. 

Gold  Hill  Mine.— It  is  understood  that  thd 
work  of  reopening  the  Gold  Hill  m  ne  will  be  com- 
menced at  an  early  day.  The  power  used  will  be 
steam,  as  there  are  in  place  two  good  engines  for 
hoisting  and  pumping.  A  resort  to  the  use  o* 
water-power  will  not  be  made  until  such  time  as  the 
prospects  of  the  mine  will  justify  it. 

CoE.— Grass  Valley  Union.  March  18:  There  is 
a  probability  of  work  on  the  Coe  mine  being  started 
up  in  a  short  time,  by  parties  who  contemplate  pur- 
chasing the  property  outright. 

Allison  Ranch.— There  is  nothing  in  a  late 
published  rumor  of  work  being  started  on  the  Alli- 
son P^.anch  mine.  The  owners  are  not  inclined  to 
do  so.  and  so  far  as  is  known  there  are  no  negotia- 
tions being  made  for  the  property. 

Water. — The  troublesome  water  in  the  mines  is 
beingsteadily  disposed  of,  and  if  there  is  do  renewal 
of  heavy  rains  the  drowned-out  levels  will  be  opened 
up  again  before  a  great  while.  The  North  Banner 
mine  is  again  in  full  operation,  and  the  mill  is  crush- 
ing ore. 

Washington  Mining  District.— Everything 
points  to  a  lively  and  prosperous  season  in  the 
Washington  district.  Mills  will  be  put  up  and  new 
mines  opened,  thereby  ^ving  employment  to  a 
large  force  of  men.  Washington  bids  fair  to  become 
the  banner  mining  district  of  the  county. 

Hartery. — The  Larriraer  mill  started  yesterday 
to  crush  TOO  loads  of  tribute  rock  from  the  Hartery 
mine.  Supt.  Fowler  expects  to  be  able  to  resume 
general  underground  work  in  a  few  days,  as  the  wa- 
ter in  the  mine  is  under  control. 

Placer. 

New  Mill.— Placer  Herald,  March  15:  The 
new  lo-stamp  mill  at  the  Eclipse  mine,  it  is  expect- 
ed, will  be  ready  to  start  up  by  the  ist  of  April.  It 
will  be  the  most  complete,  substantial  and  conven- 
ient quartz  mine  in  the  county.  They  are  down  250 
feet  on  the  incline  and  the  rock  at  the  bottom  looks 
fine. 

San  DieRO. 

A  Big  Mining  Deal.  —  Julian  Sentinel,  March 
14;  The  ?ale  of  the  seven  mines  known  as  the  Gold 
King  and  Queen  group,  four  miles  from  Julian,  by 
Messrs.  Melrose,  Fielder  &  Hamilton,  to  the  Cincin- 
nati Belle  M.  and  M.  Co.  for  a  good  round  figure, 
which  was  consummated  last  week,  confirms  what  we 
have  argued  all  along,  that  the  present  year  would 
witness  greater  developments  than  the  camp  has 
ever  known  before.  The  Cincinnati  Belle  M.  &  M. 
Co.  is  not  investing  thousands  upon  thousands  of 
dollars  in  this  camp  just  for  the  fun  of  the  thing,  but 
are  men  who  know  a  good  thing  when  they  see  it. 
The  camp  is  to  be  congratulated  upon"  the  acquisi- 
tion of  such  enterprising  men.  That  the  mines  will 
now  be  properly  developed  and  worked  goes  without 
saying. 

Stiasta. 

Old  Diggings  District.  —  Cor.  Shasta  Free 
Press.  March  le:  Work  in  the  Mammoth,  under 
the  management  of  J.  M.  Haskell,  is  going  on  with 
encouraging  outbok.  R.  G.  Hart  of  the  Texas  and 
Georgia  mine  has  returned  from  Sacramento,  having 
recovered  from  his  late  illness.  Notwithstanding 
the  bad  weather,  more  mines  are  working  than  ever 
before,  A  few  weeks  ago  an  item  appeared  in  the 
Free  Press  speaking  about  a  rich  strike  in  the  Hart 
&  Fleming  mine.  Just  so.  A  month  or  two  ago  an 
account  in  the  Free  Press  predicted  a  rich  strike  in 
!bi§  miB?  after  PStepaing  |hg  Jpwp  (uqpej  fgr  enougll 


to  connect  with  pay  chute  in  upper  works.  The 
prediction  has  been  verified  and  proves  that  Mr. 
Hart's  theory  was  correct.  It  seems  the  deeper  they 
go  down  in  the  Old  Diggings  the  richer  and  strong- 
er the  ore  chimneys.  A  still  lower  tunnel  is  being 
run,  giving  it  another  100  feet  of  backs.  This  prop- 
erty is  a  valuable  one  and  has  paid  for  its  own  devel- 
opment as  well  as  improvements,  which  rffiects 
great  credit  on  the  management  and  gives  it  a  record 
few  mines  can  boast  of. 

A  Live  Camp, — The  Reid  group  of  mines,  con- 
sisting of  seven  locations,  have  been  bonded  from 
the  other  owners  by  H.  S.  Sherard  and  E.  A.  Reid. 
Mr.  Sherard  is  an  experienced  mining  man  and  was 
formerly  with  Haggin  &  Tevis.  He  is  in  charge  and 
working  a  crew  of  six  men  in  all,  and  is  getting 
ready  to  make  a  test  from  the  Old  California  mine. 
F.  P.  Satterlee  of  Shasta  is  putting  the  mill  in  run- 
ning order  and  will  have  charge  of  the  same.  W, 
L.  Sharp  of  Shasta  is  foreman  of  the  mine. 
Sierra. 

The  Butte  Saddle  Mink.— Tridune,  March  7: 
A  few  days  ago  the  miners  who  took  a  contract  to 
run  a  300-foot  tunnel  to  tap  the  ledge  at  a  greater 
depth  at  the  above  mine  struck  the  ledge,  being  in 
only  170  feet.  It  is  14  inches  wide,  and  prospects 
fully  as  good  as  on  top.  It  was  a  great  surprise  to 
the  contractors  and  to  the  company  to  reach  it  so 
soon,  as  they  did  not  expect  it  before  the  300  feet 
were  ruii  at  least  It  is  believed  that  as  they  go 
ahead  ttie  vein  will  increase  in  richness  and  will 
reach  the  width  that  it  is  on  top — about  30  feet.  It 
was  thought  by  some  that  the  vein  which  was  so 
large  and  stood  out  so  prominent  on  top  did  not  go 
down  to  any  great  depth,  and  consequently  the 
owners  were  anxious  to  determine  whether  this  was 
a  tact  or  not,  and  so  they  let  a  contract  last  fall  to 
run  a  tunnel  in  from  the  side  of  the  mountain. 
Now  that  the  ledge  has  been  encountered  at  that 
depth,  the  owners  feel  satisfied  that  they  will  have 
one  of  the  best  mines  in  the  county.  The  fact  that 
it  is  so  close  to  the  famous  Sierra  Suites  makes  al- 
most every  one  believe  that  it  is  destined  to  be  a 
good  mine. 

Good  Outlook. — Sierra  Tribune,  March  7: 
Everybody  in  Sierra  City  has  gone  at  work  new 
with  a  vim  unequaled  for  years,  and  it  will  not  be 
many  weeks  before  the  capitalists,  who  are  so  anx- 
iously waiting  for  spring  to  open  so  as  to  tome  and 
develop  mines,  will  be  here.  The  Mountain, 
Chipp's,  Marguerite,  Cleveland,  Treasure,  Salinas 
and  Mercer,  San  Luis,  Northern  Bell,  Butte  Saddle 
and  several  other  new  mines  will  soon  be  working, 
and  Sierra  City  will  be  the  liveliest  mining  town  .on 
the  Pacific  Coast  this  summer.  We  do  not  make 
this  assertion  from  mere  guesswork,  but  the  mines 
are  developed  suflficiently  for  one  to  see  that  the 
majority  of  them  are  bound  to  become  large  gold- 
producers. 

Trinity. 

QtJARTZ  IN  Southern  Trinity. — Journal. 
March  15:  We  mentioned  last  week  the  lact  that 
sf  veral  mineral  locations  had  been  made  in  the  Long 
Ridge  country.  Prospecting  for  gold  has  been 
carried  on  in  Southern  Trinity  for  many  years,  and 
at  times  the  prospectors  have  had  good  hopes.  It 
is  believed  that  good  cinnabar  ore  exists  in  the 
South  Fork  country,  but  it  has  not  been  much 
sought  for.  Mr  Henderson  Taylor  has  a  lode  near 
the  South  Fork  which  shows  free  silver  for  about 
six  feet  deep,  after  which  the  silver  disappears  and 
gold  takes  its  place.  Mr.  Taylor  sent  a  box  of  the 
ore  to  T.  E.  Jones,  in  part  of  which  the  native 
silver  can  be  seen  by  aid  of  a  glass. 

NEVADA. 

Wastioe  Dlscrict. 

Sierra  Nevada. — Virginia  Enterprise,  March 
15:  On  the  630  level  a  southwest  drift  is  advanced 
35  feet  from  the  shaft  station. 

Union  Con.— On  the  1465  level  from  the  north 
lattral  drift,  opposite  west  crosscut  No.  4,  an  east 
crosscut  is  advanced  144  feet,  the  formation  chang- 
ing from  hard  to  soft  porphyry. 

Mexican. — On  the  1465  level  west  crosscut  No. 
3,  100  feet  south  of  JN'o.  2,  from  the  north  drift 
from  west  crosscut  No.  i,  from  the  main  north 
lateral  driit.  is  extend*^d  170  feet,  continuing  in  a 
porphyry  format. on  which  is  somewhat  harder. 

Ophir.— On  the  1300  lev^l  from  the  end  of  the 
east  crosscut  from  the  shaft  siation  a  south  drill  is 
advanced  4S9  feet.  From  the  end  of  this  south  drift 
a  rai'^e  has  been'carried  up  14  feet  in  quartz  from 
which  a  few  tons  of  milling  ore  has  been  saved. 

Con.  CALIFORNIA'S  Virginia. — The  1300,  1435, 
1500  and  1600  levels  continue  to  yield  the  usual 
quantity  of  ore.  On  the  1650  level  the  northwest 
drift,  now  running  in  a  northerly  course,  is  extended 
746  leei  from  the  main  west  drift  from  the  C.  &  C. 
shaft.  From  raise  No.  8.  93  feet  south  from  the 
northwest  drift  fac**,  continue  stoping  ore,  30  feet 
below  the  connection  of  that  raise  with  the  rsoo 
level  north  drift  from  the  Con.  Va.  shaft.  P'rom 
the  raise  above  the  north  drift  from  the  south 
wigze,  60  feet  down  from  the  end  of  the  south  drift 
below  this  level,  continue  stoping  ore  20  feet  below 
the  track  floor.  Shipped  to  the  Morgan  mill  1121 
tons  and  1260  pounds  of  ore,  and  to  the  Eureka, 
1582  tons  and  1560  pounds;  battery  sample  assays 
showing  an  average  value  of  $27  88  per  ton.  Bull- 
ion valued  at  $r4  297  80  shipped  to  the  Carson 
Mint.  Bullion  valued  at  $16,700  now  on  hand  in 
assay  office. 

Best  &  Belcher. — On  the  1000  level  east  cross- 
cut No.  I  is  extended  240  feet.  Formation,  hard 
porphyry. 

Gould  &  Curry.— On  the  400  level  west  cross- 
cut No.  I  is  extended  498  feet.  Formation,  hard 
porphyry. 

Northwestern  Con. — Shaft  sunk  down  to  100 
level,  bottom  in  vein  matter.  Contract  let  for 
sinking  to  150  level. 

Andes. — The  420  level  west  crosscut  was  ex- 
tended 12  feet  the  past  week.  Face  shows  quartz 
giving  low  assays,  with  day  and  porphyry. 

North  Gould  &  Curry  and  East  Best  & 
Belcher  — Usual  progress  made  in  advancing 
the  west  drift. 

Savage. — Shipped  455  tons  of  ore,  showing  an 
average  value  of  $24  48  by  battery  sample  assays. 
Bullion  on  hand  valued  at  $9750.  The  February 
bullion  yield  of  the  mine  was  $24,073.98.  The 
300  level  south  drift  is  advanced  84  feet  Jrom  the 
lop  of  the  raise  above  the  400  level. 

Hale  &  Norcross.— Shipped  during  the  week 
540  tons  of  ore  showing  an  average  value  of  $19.50 
per  ton  t>y  battery  sample  assays,    Extracting  ore 


from  the  raise  above  the  800  level  north  drift.  The 
1250  level  east  crosscut  is  showing  fair-grade  ore. 
The  February  bullion  yield  of  the  mine  aggregated 
$31,108.56.     Bullion  on  hand  valued  at  $7333. 

Chollar.— The  750  feet  level  east  crosscut  con- 
tinues in  porphyry  and  the  850  level  crosscut  in 
clay  and  quartz.  During  the  week  extracted  and 
crushed  at  Nevada  mill  447  tons  of  ore,  battery 
sample  assays  showing  an  average  value  of  $24  per 
ton. 

Alpha. — The  500  level  west  crosscut  continue* 
in  poiphyry,  and  ihe  600  level  north  drift  in  th^ 
same  formation. 

Exchequer.  —  The  500  level  north  line  crosscut 
is  in  135  left,  porphyry  showing  in  face. 

Con.  New  York,— Top  of  raise  above  800  level  is 
in  ore  assaying  from  $20  to  $25  per  ton.  The  700  level 
north  drift  from  raise  above  800  level  is  in  fair-grade 
quart  z. 

Scorpion.- Advancing  a  southwest  drifp  from  the; 
630  level  shaft  station. 

Potosi.— The  raise  above  the  930  level  continues' 
showing  ore  in  the  top  assaying  irom  $30  to  $^per 
ton.  The  850  level  east  crosscut  is  in  porphyry  andJ 
quartz. 

Imperial. — The  300  level  west  crosscut  No.  2  is' 
in  porphyry.  The  500  level  west  crosscut  is  in  por- 
phyry.    The  lateral  drift  on  that  level  is  in  quartz. 

Yellow  Jacket.— During  the  week  shipped  508 
tons  of  ore,  battery  sample  assays  showing  an  aver- 
age value  of  $20.80  per  ton. 

Crown  Point.  —  Shipped  during  the  week  859 
tons  of  ore,  showing  an  average  value  of  $t7.23  per 
ton  by  pulp  assays.  Are  raising  above  the  160  level 
to  connect  with  the  Kentuck  workings. 

Confidence  &  Challenge.— The 300  level  joint 
west  crosscut  from  the  north  drift  has  entered  por- 
phyry. The  joint  Imperial  8co  level  north  drift  is 
being  reopened. 

Belcher. — The  850  level  east  crosscut  is  in  por- 
phyry and  clay  showing  seams  of  quartz.  The  850 
level  joint  east  cros<:cut  is  in  porphyry,  clay  and 
quaitz.     Driftingsouth  on  the  200  level  for  the  vein. 

Silver  Hill.  —  ihe  260  level  northeast  crosscut 
from  the  northwest  drift  continues  in  porphyry.  Re- 
pairs to  the  160  level  south  drift  are  in  progress.  , 

Seg.  Belcher. — The  1000  level  east  crosscut  is 
in  soft  porphyry  and  quartz.     The   south   drift  from 
crosscut  No.  2  is  in  quartz  assaying  from  $10  to  $20  1 
per  ton. 

Justice.— During  the  week  crushed  216  tons  of  j 
ore.  battery  sample  assays  averaging  $27.50  per  ton. 

Alta.— Crushed  315  tons  of  ore  during  the  week, 
battery  samples  showing  an  average  asaay  value  of 
$20  per  ton. 

Overman.  —  Shipped  156  tons  of  ore  during  the 
week,  showing  an  average  value  of  $19.76  per  ton  by  1 
battery  sample  assays,   of  which  $ro.o8  was  gold,  1 
I'he  raise  above  the  northwet  drift   is   in  good  ore,  | 

Utah.— On  the  600  level  the  southeast  drift  fron»  I 
the  shall  station  is  extended  1031  feel.  Formation,  ] 
hard  porphyry.  I 

Occidental  Con.— Continue  to  extract  ore  of  I 
good  quality  from  the  slopes  on  the  400  and  450"  ' 
levels.  The  raise  100  feet  south  of  No.  3  raise  is  up  \ 
64  feet,  and  the  top  is  in  quariz  showing  value.  j 

North  Occidental.  —  The  550  level  joint  east  J 
crosscut  is  extended  125  feet.  The  north  drift  fromJ 
Ihe  line  west  crosscut  is  extended  29  feet  and  con-¥ 
tinues  in  hard  quartz  showing  value? 

Flowery  District. 
Litigation. — Virginia  Chronicle,  March  15:  The  I 
owners  of  mining  locations  in  F;owery  district  would  I 
have   a  prosperous    year  were  it  not  for  the  suspen- 
sion of"  operations  through  the  injunction  suit  of  th6 
Lady  Bryan  company. 

Jefferson  District. 

Developing.— Belmont  Courier,  March  12:  Not* 

withstanding  the  inclement  weather,  the   miners  in 

Jt^fferson   district  are  still   developing  their  mines 

and  some  good  ore  is  being  taken  out. 

Moray  District. 
Looking  Well.  —  Belmont  Courier,  March  12: 
The  mines  at  Morey.  Nye  county,  continue  to  look 
tiptop,  and  the  indications  are  that  a  great  deal  of 
work  will  be  performed  on  thtm  this  year.  The  ore 
is  high  grade  and  pays  handsomely. 

Tuscarora  District. 

Nevada  <::iM-£.Kii.  — Times -Review,  March  14: 
North  gangway  from  6oo-]oot  level  station  has  been 
extended  30  feet. 

North  Belle  Isle. — North  gangway  from  the 
shaft,  600-fool  level,  has  been  extended  30  feel. 

Grand  Prize.— 500-foot  level:  The  following 
extensions  have  been  made:  East  dri't  from  north 
crosscut  10  feel;  north  crosscut  from  ihe  west  north 
lateral  drift,  17  feet;  north  crosscut  from  the  east 
front  vein,  15  feet  without  change. 

Navajo.— South  drift  from  the  lop  of  the  winze 
Irom  the  i5o-foot  level  extended  17  feel;  the  vein  in 
the  face  has  divided. 

Belle  Isle  — The  crosscut  from  the  250-foot 
level,  near  the  Navajo  line,  has  been  extended  23 
feel.  The  face  is  getting  harder  and  is  showing 
faces  of  ore.  The  cros';cut  from  the  35o-foot  level 
has  been  extended  19  feet,  cutting  into  a  vtin  giving 
low  assays.     Face  still  in  the  vein. 

Del  Monte.— isi  level:  In  north  driftfrom  No, 
2  crosscut  an  upraise  has  been  made  a  distance  of 
20  feel,  showing  good  ore.  Norih  drift  from  joint 
crosscut  advanced  15  feet,  face  of  drift  in  low-grade 
ore.  2d  level;  Joint  crosscut  has  been  extended 
6  feet.  3d  level:  Crosscut  from  north  drift  advanced  r 
13  feet,  looking  favorable. 

North  Commonwealth.  —  ist  level;  South 
drift  from  joint  crosscut  extended  13  feel,  exposing 
good  ore,  some  of  which  is  very  rich.  South  drift 
from  No.  1  upraise  advanced  6  feet;  face  is  show- 
ing chloride  ore.  No.  2  north  drift  from  No.  i 
east  crosscut,  advanced  19  feet;  some  little  ore  in 
the  face.  2d  joint  crosscut  advanced  6  feet,  still 
cutting  through  seams  of  low-grade  ore, 

Commonwealth. —  ist  level:  East  drift  froni 
No.  I  north  drift  extended  13  feet;  total  from  turri; 
table,  109  feet.  Face  of  dtift  has  2  feet  of  ore. 
Slopes  are  being  opened  over  this  drift,  and  ex- 
tended 350  feet,  from  which  ore  is  now  being  ex- 
tracted. 4th  level:  East  crosscut  from  north 
gangway  extended  11  feet;  no  material  change. 
North  drift  from  south  gangway  extended  24  feet, 
and  started  to  crosscut  the  vein  at  this  point. 
There  are  seams  of  high-grade  ore  mixed  through 
the  rock.  Slopes  on  different  levels  are  looking  as 
well  as  at  any  time.  Have  yielded  for  the  week 
829  cars  of  ore;  525  tons  worked  at  concentrating 
plant;  assay,  $r8  per  ton,     Bullion  shipped,  $15,* 


Mab.  22,  1890.J 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


201 


040.14;  bullion  on  hand,   $15,000. 
are  ruoaing  Dicel> . 

ARIZONA. 


Milt  and  mine 


The  Owl  Heaos.— Tucson  S/iir,  March  12:  Mr. 
Ham  LiKhi  came  in  from  ihc  Owl  Heads  district 
yesterday.  From  hini  the  S/ar  learns:  The  new 
steam  hoist  has  been  completed  and  is  now  working. 
The  new  sha/t  is  down  100  feci.  Alter  100  feel 
more  is  reached  a  level  will  be  run  10  connect  with 
the  winze  now  being  sunk  from  the  old  workings. 
At  the  depth  of  135  feet  in  the  old  workings  a  rich 
vein  of  ore  has  been  struck  which  has  been  uncov- 
ered  250  (eet  in  length.  The  ore  wilt  mill  So  ounces 
in  silver.  Three  shifts  are  working  in  the  shalt  and 
three  shifts  in  the  winze.  The  mill  is  running 
steadily,  new  pans  have  been  put  in,  and  five  more 
stamps  will  be  added  soon.  The  Owl  Heads  group 
consists  of  about  10  mining  properties,  all  with  good 
showings.  The  Owl  Heads  district  is  about  35 
miles  north  of  Tucson,  and  in  ils  successful  develop- 
ment Tucson  will  be  the  beneficiary  from  a  mercan- 
tile standpoint. 

OOLOaADO. 

The  Cowenhoven  Tunnel.  —  Aspen  Times, 
March  11:  The  great  Cowenhoven  tunnel  that  is 
being  driven  through  Smuggler  mountain  is  mak- 
ing wonderful  progress  and  last  week  the  men  came 
within  a  foot  of  breaking  the  record,  making  74 
feet  The  record  spoken  of  was  made  in  January, 
when  the  tunnel  was  driven  75  feet  in  one  week. 
The  tunnel  was  then  in  a  hard  lime  rock  and  is 
now  in  shale  that  is,  perhaps,  more  difticuU  to 
work,  as  it  is  filled  with  arsenical  pyrites  that  grind 
dowfn  the  bits  and  change  the  gauge.  While  the 
shale  is  very  hard,  it  is  so  brittle  that  the  shots 
shatter  it  and  make  close  timbering  necessary.  In 
driving  the  tunnel  it  is  necessary  to  break  a  face  of 
rock  that  averages  about  10  feet  square.  It  was 
thus  necessary  to  break  and  move  7400  cubic  feet 
of  ground,  or  more  than  500  tons,  in  making  the 
week's  run.  The  cost  of  this  work  was  just  about 
$10  per  foot.  The  company  has  the  very  best  ma- 
chinery obtainable  and  secures  the  most  expert 
workmen  that  can  be  found.  The  name  of  the 
company  that  is  prosecuting  this  great  enterprise 
is  The  Cowenhoven  M.  Transportation  and  Drain- 
age Tunnel  Co,  Mr.  H.  P.  Cowenhoven  is  the 
president,  and  the  work  is  under  the  supervision  of 
D.  W.  Brunton. 

Matchless  Development.— Leadville  Herald- 
Democrat.  March  12;  The  development  0/  the 
Matchless  goes  on  each  month  without  much 
change,  as  the  vast  bodies  of  ore  which  they  have 
disclosed  in  that  mine  enable  them  to  ship  about 
what  they  please,  and  while  the  greater  proportion 
of  the  ore  mined  and  shipped  from  the  mme  at 
present  is  an  argentiferous  iron,  there  is  a  fair  per- 
centage of  dry  silicious  ore  being  shipped,  and  the 
mine  is  being  worked  at  a  more  than  average  profit. 
The  entire  shipments  will  probably  amount  to  55 
tons  per  day,  which  could  be  made  much  greater 
did  the  management  so  desire.  A  great  deal  of 
jJevelopment  work  is  going  forward,  particularly 
in  ihe  lower  levels. 

GusTON. — Denver  Republican,  March  15:  The 
new  Gusion  mine,  of  wuich  but  little  is  said,  is  one 
■of  the  valuable  Leadville  properties  and  makes  the 
iollowjng  showing:  Owing  to  a  snow  blockade 
on  the  railway,  pari  of  December's  output  of  ore 
has  not  been  shipped  to  the  smelters,  but  the  quan- 
tity shipped  is  160  tons,  and  m  stock  288  tons, 
together  440  tons.  The  estimated  value  of  the  ore 
is  $60,000,  while  the  mine  expenses  amount  to 
about  $10,000. 

IDAHO. 

Placers. —Elraorp  DulUtin,  March  8:  A  few 
weeks  ago  George  Wise  and  O.  H.  Gergocke  sold 
to  a  Massachusetts  man  named  S.  J.  Gordon  160 
acres  ot  placer  ground  for  the  round  sum  of  $30,000 
cash  down.  1  hese  placers  are  located  in  Dead- 
wood  Basin,  about  90  miles  northwest  of  Rocky  Bar, 
There  are  numerous  parties  here  who  know  Wise 
&  Gergocke,  and  who  also  have  often  trodden  the 
same  ground  in  past  days  when  they  thought  it 
worthless  for  mining  purposes.  Just  as  good  placer 
diggings  abound  in  Rocky  Bir  district,  and  the 
coniing  spring,  with  abundance  of  water,  will  be  a 
propitious  time  for  miners  to  pay  them  attention. 
Carl  von  Summeriatt,  Wm.  Richan,  Tim  Lynch 
and  Gus  Exner  are  making  extensive  preparations 
for  working  their  placer  claims  in  Red  Warrior 
gulch.  From  present  weather  indications  they  will 
soon  have  abundance  of  water  for  ground-sluicing, 
and  these  gentlemen  propose  to  have  everything  in 
readint-ss  to  take  advantage  of  the  limited  water 
supply. 

To  Hydraulic— Boi=e  Slaiesman,  March  12: 
N- gotiations  have  at  Ust  been  completed  and  the 
contract  has  been  let  for  the  building  of  the  longest 
and  largest  sttel  flume  in  this  country.  It  will  be 
built  by  a  company  of  Spokane  capitalists  which  has 
been  incorporated  under  the  name  of  Spokane  Hy- 
draulic M.  Co.,  of  which  Mr.  John  W.  Chapman  is 
the  president.  The  flume  will  be  an  immense  steel 
pipe  4^  miles  long,  carrying  water  from  the  old 
California  ditch  at  the  head  of  Piitchard  creek,  in 
the  Coeur  d'Alene  mining  district  above  Murray,  to 
the  old  wash  gold  diggings.  The  flume  .will  be  made 
of  heavv  steel  pipe  22  inches  in  diameter,  and  will  be 
about  4  J^  miles  in  length.  This  will  give  tremendous 
pressure,  and  reopen  some  of  the  old  placer  mines 
which  are  the  richest  in  the  Cosur  d'Alenes.  The 
work  is  to  be  done  by  little  giants.  The  line  of  the 
flume  will  be  down  Pritchard  creek  from  above  Mur- 
ray, by  the  old  Dream  gulch  claims,  once  noted  as 
the  richest  gold  diggings  in  the  district,  to  the  old 
site  of  Eagle  City,  another  deserted  gold  camp.  All 
of  these  old  wash  diggings  are  on  the  line  of  the 
California  ditch,  an  open  box  flume  that  follows  all 
the  windings  of  Pritchard  creek  and  is  over  12  miles 
long,  but  there  is  not  sufficient  pressure  to  do  any 
heavy  mining.  Jesse  Coulter,  an  old  mining  man, 
has  tried  for  years  to  interest  capitalists  in  some 
scheme  to  pipe  the  water  down  so  that  these  diggings, 
which  are  known  to  be  very  rich,  might  be  worked. 
It  is  due  to  his  indefatigable  efforts  and  to  the  enter- 
prising spirit  of  some  of  Spokane's  capitalists  that 
the  scheme  has  been  carried  to  completion.  After 
getting  figures  from  all  over  the  country,  the  contract 
was  finally  let  to  HoUey,  Mason,  Marks  &  Co.  of 
this  city  to  furnish  the  steel  and  build  the  fiume.  It 
'  has  been  estimated  that  700,000  pounds  of  steel  pipe 


will  be  used,  and  it  will  take  40  cars  to  bring  it  here. 
The  Red  Elei-hant  Group.  —  Wood  River 
Ttw^j,  March  12;  What  seems  to  be  an  entirely 
separate  and  distinct  vein  was  struck  in  the  Red  Kl- 
ephaot  group  ot  mines  last  Saturday,  and  the  work 
since  done  upon  it  shows  it  to  carry  a  width  of  45 
inches  of  solid  galena  ore.  This  new  vein  appears 
to  run  about  30  feel  laterally  from  alt  other  work- 
ings. The  ore  is  of  the  usual  high  grade  found  in 
the  group.  While  in  Salt  L*ke  City  two  weeks  ago, 
Col.  Bryan,  the  superintendent,  selected  a  pumping 
and  hoisting  rig  lor  his  mines,  which  will  be  shipped 
with  the  concentrating  mill  as  soon  as  the  snow 
melts  sufliciently  to  admit  of  the  hauling  of  heavy 
loads  up  Red  Elephant  canyon.  The  hoist  is  oi 
sullicient  capacity  to  sink  to  a  depth  of  600  feet,  and 
the  mill  will  have  a  capacity  of  40  tons  per  day. 
The  capacity  of  the  hoisting,  pumping  and  concen- 
trating machinery  can,  however,  be  nearly  doubled 
at  any  time  at  comparatively  slight  expense. 

MONTANA. 

The  Thrush.— Butte  Miner,  March  12:  This 
properly  is  situated  southwest  of  the  Pollock,  and  is 
a  very  promising  prospect.  It  is  owned  by  Butte 
parties  and  is  now  under  lease  to  J.  McNabb  and 
others.  So  far  the  mine  is  only  developed  by  a  loo- 
foot  shaft,  which  was  sunk  some  time  ago.  The 
present  lessees  have  not  yet  cleared  the  shaft  of  the 
35  feet  of  water  that  it  contained  when  they  took 
the  lease,  but  it  will  be  finished  to-day. 

The  Pollock. — The  larger  portion  of  the  ground 
belonging  to  the  Pollock  company  is  being  worked 
under  lease  to  various  persons,  among  whom 
are  West  Crowell  and — Chapman,  who  are  work- 
ing in  the  tunnel.  A  short  distance  farther  west  two 
other  men  are  taking  out  free-milling  ore  that  will 
average  about  25  ounces  in  silver  per  ton.  The 
lessees  say  they  are  only  making  wages  now,  but  ex- 
pect to  do  better  in  future. 

The  Eastern. — On  the  Eastern  mine,  northwest 
of  the  Jersey  Blue,  three  shifts  of  men  are  engaged. 
The  shaft  is  200  feet  deep  and  levels  have  been  run 
from  the  100  and  150-foot  stations.  Drifting  west 
on  the  200  is  now  in  progress.  Indications  are  now 
that  a  body  of  good  ore  will  soon  be  encountered  in 
this  latter  drift.  The  work  is  being  done  by  the 
Eastern  Mining  Co,,  composed  of  six  persons. 

Pick  and  Drill,— The  Hope  mill  near  Phillips- 
burg  is  still  idle  and  no  one  knows  when  it  will  re- 
sume operations.  The  amount  of  development  work 
that  will  be  done  this  spring  and  summer  on  the 
claims  surrounding  Butte  will  startle  the  oldest  in- 
habitant. The  bullion  output  of  the  Granite 
Mountain  for  the  week  ending  Thursday  was  47 
bars  containing  70,000  ounces  ot  fine  silver  and  170 
ounces  of  fine  gold.  The  ore  in  'he.  Cable  mine  is 
changing  from  gold  to  copper.  The  ore  now  runs 
'about  40  per  cent  copper,  and  so  far  1000  tons  have 
been  shipped  for  reduction.  John  Berry  and  M. 
Gerberg  are  figuring  on  building  a  mill  for  reducing 
the  ore  of  the  Simpson  mine,  a  rich  body  which  was 
struck  by  them  a  short  time  ago.  The  Simpson  is 
located  near  Rumsey.  Rumors  of  changes  in  the 
management  of  the  Granite  Mountain  are  flying 
thick  and  fast  in  and  around  Phillipsbure,  One  of 
the  rumors  is  to  the  eff-'ct  that  Thomas  Wier,  super- 
intendent, will  soon  resign,  and  that  J.  B.  Risque  of 
the  Bi-Metallic  will  succeed  him.  The  directors  of 
the  company,  however,  have  not  as  yet  verified  this 
rumor. 

NEW  MEXIOO. 

Freight  IN  Advauck.—  Wes/ern  Liberal,  March 
14:  Several  carloads  ot  ore  which  the  Standard 
Mutual  Co.  loaded  for  shipment  this  week  were  un- 
loaded because  the  heartless  railroad  company  de- 
manded freight  payment  in  advance  or  a  responsi- 
ble guarantee  that  it  would  be  paid  at  the  destina- 
tion. Wm.  B.  Henry,  a  prominent  New  York 
journalist,  arrived  in  town  Sunday  night.  Mr.  Hen- 
ry is  interested  in  the  Johnny  Bull  mine  at  Stein's 
pass.  He  expects  to  do  a  large  amount  of  develop- 
ment work  on  the  property  and  probably  will  soon 
begin  shipping  ore  from  it.  Fred  W.  Beardslee  ar- 
rived in  town  this  week  from  San  Francisco,  and  has 
taken  lease  and  bond  on  the  Ocean  Wave,  a  lead 
property  owned  by  Bob  Williams  and  situated  be- 
tween town  and  Pyramid.  Mr.  Beardslee  will  put 
on  a  pump  and  hoisting  works  and  soon  will  be 
shipping  ore  from  here.  This  is  a  fine  property  and 
has  lain  idle  only  because  Bob  did  not  have  the  cap- 
ital to  put  on  the  necessary  machinery  to  work  it  to 
advantage. 

At  Hillsboro.— Kingston  S/ia/l,  March  15: 
The  mill  of  Thompson  &  Galles  ai  Hillsboro  runs 
steadily,  and  is  dropping  20  stamps  on  ore.  The 
force  at  the  mines  is  kept  recruited  to  the  regular 
standard.  The  value  of  the  ore  is  better  than  here- 
tofore, and  the  owners  are  well  satisfied  with  the 
production.  The  yellow  bars  of  gold  that  are  being 
turned  out  is  the  great  index  to  the  prosperity  of 
Hillsboro,  and  invigorate  the  mining  industry 
throughout  that  section.  The  recent  discovery  in 
the  Brilliant  gulch  made  by  Mr,  S.  S.  Call,  i« 
supposed  to  be  the  vein  from  which  the  rich  ore 
found  on  the  Soliiaire  came  from.  The  vein  at 
present  is  six  feet  wide  between  walls,  and  i=  well 
defined,  all  the  gangue  showing  more  or  less  min- 
eral. The  claim  is  known  as  the  Sulphide,  and 
was  located  by  Messrs.  Call  &  Marble  on  the  ist  ol 
January,  and  adjoins  the  Blackie  claim. 

OREGON. 

Big  Aleck  —Bedrock  Democrat,  March  15:  The 
Big  Aleck  mine  will  start  up  this  morning  after  a 
stop  of  10  days  for  repairs  and  the  placing  of  new 
rolls,  which  will  greatly  increase  the  crushing  capac- 
ity. The  Giroux  amalgamator  has  been  placed  on 
the  property  and  upward  of  300  tons  of  ore  will  be 
run  through  every  24  hours. 

UTAH. 

Park  '^oiy.?,.— Record,  M^rch  15:  The  indi- 
cations of  greater  activity  in  mining  circles  the  com- 
ing summer  are  growing  thick  and  fast.  Many 
mining  claim  owners,  prospectors  and  company 
concerns  are  already  planning  operations  on  large 
scale  and  as  soon  as  ihe  weather  permits,  mining 
matters  will  assume  a  livelier  air  than  ever.  Active 
development' work  will  soon  be  resumed  by  Messrs. 
Hughes  &  Rogan  on  their  promising  group  of  claims 
in  Woodside  canyon.    A  tunnel  has  been  driven 


about  2O0  feet,  and  it  is  estimated  that  another   100 
ieet  will  lap  the  vein. 

The  Drain  Tunnel-s.— The  Ontario's  big  east- 
ern drain  tunnel  is  in  about  3700  feet»  almost  a 
fourth  ot  the  distance.  The  work  is  progressing 
favorably.  The  Alliance  Co.'s  drain  tunnel  is  in 
almost  3000  feet,  two-thirds  of  the  way.  The  for- 
mation of  the  country  through  which  the  tunnel 
runs  is  very  encouraging,  and  it  is  different  in  char- 
acter to  that  through  which  the  Anchor  tunnel  ran. 
The  mine  is  in  splendid  condition. 

Cami'  Crosscuts.  —  The  Nevada-Northland 
leasers  are  ready  to  make  another  big  shipment  of 
ore  as  soon  as  they  can  get  teams  to  do  the  haul- 
ing. In  the  last  issue  of  the -^fifAi' it  was  errone- 
ously stated  that  a  lot  of  Bolivia  ore  had  been  re- 
ceived at  the  Ontario  mill  to  be  tested  by  the  Russell 
process,  eic.  The  fact  of  the  matter  is  that  the 
test  is  to  be  made  with  a  view  of  ascertaining  which 
method  of  roasting,  whether  by  the  Stetefeldt  fur- 
nace, the  Howell  or  others,  is  best  adapted  to  this 
South  American  ore,  and  the  test  has  no  connection 
with  the  Russell  leaching  process.  The  Stetefeldt 
furnace  at  the  Ontario  mill  was  selected  in  prefer- 
ence to  mills  in  other  places,  while  tests  will  be 
made  at  other  furnaces  elsewhere.  After  it  is  de- 
cided which  furnace  is  the  best,  work  will  commence 
on  a  loo-stamp  mill,  to  be  erected  by  the  Bolivia 
Minmg  Co.,  and  this  will  be  in  addition  to  the  8o- 
stamp  already  running.  In  .other  respects  the  item 
on  this  subject  published  last  week  was  substantially 
correct. 


List  of  U.  S,  Patents  for  Pacific  Coast 
Inventors. 

Reported  by  Dewey  &  Oo..  Pioneer  Patent 
Solicitors  for  Pacmc  Goaet. 

for  week  ending  march  II,  1890. 

432,106.— Machine  for  Applying  Hose  Coup- 
lings-]. A.  Angwin,  Oakland,  Cal. 

423,130.— Pneumatic  Railway— M.  A.  Clen- 
nam,  S.  F. 

423.144  —Butter  Crate — W.  H.  Ferguson. 
Seattle,  Wash. 

422.953.— Sash  Fastener— D.  O.  L'verraore, 
Los  Gdtos,  Cal. 

423.070.  — Device  for  Loading  Ships— W.  F. 
Mills.  S   F. 

Ri  1. 066.— Music  Stand  and  Portfolio— Viola 
Moore.  S    F. 

422971.- Book  Index  and  Casing— G.  A. 
Pratt.  B-ownsville,  Cal. 

423,190.- Ant  Trap— J.  L.  Stillman,  Fresno, 
Cal. 

423,001. —Sash  Fastener— J.  S,  Turner,  San 
Fernando,  Cal. 

423,197.— Tobacco  Pipe— C.  D.  Weldon.  Mica, 
Wash . 

The  following  brief  list  by  telegraph,  tor  March  18,  will 
appear  more  complete  on  receipt  of  mail  advices: 

California — Jamea  H.  Cullen,  Oakland,  device  for  tap- 
ping sheet-met^l  vessels;  Artemas  A.  Kent,  assignor  of 
one-half  to  J.  J.  Cherrie,  San  Jose,  lawn  sprinkler;  Fran- 
cis I.  Matthewfl  and  D.  J.  (^uinlean,  Oakland,  adjustable 
grooving  head;  Percy  W.  Kosa,  Loa  Angeles,  metal  rail- 
way tie;  William  C.  Stile,  deceased,  S.  F.,  ore-crusbiDi; 
mill. 

NoTB.— Coplea  of  U.  S,  and  Foreign  patenta  furnished 
b;  Dewey  &  Co.,  in  the  ahorteat  time  possible  (by  mall 
or  telegraphic  order).  American  and  Foreign  patents 
obtained,  and  general  patent  bualneas  for  Paciflo  Coast 
Inventors  transacted  with  perfect  security,  at  reasonable 
rates,  and  in  the  shortest  possible  time. 


Notices  of  Recent  Patents. 

Among  the  patents  recently  obtained  through 
Dewey  &  Co. 'a  Scientific  Peess  U,  S.  and 
Foreign  Patent  Agency,  the  following  are 
worthy  of  special  mention: 

Device  foe  Loading  Ships,  —  Warren  F. 
Mills.  S,  F.  islo.  423,070.  Dated  March  11, 
1890.  ThiB  patent  covere  a  novel  oonBtraotion 
oi  elevator  and  means  for  adjusting  and  driv- 
ing it.  The  object  of  the  Invention  ie  to  pro- 
vide a  simple  and  effaotive  elevator  for  the  par* 
poee  of  carrying  goods  up  a  ship's  side,  and  of 
such  a  character  as  to  be  readily  portable  from 
one  ship  to  another,  adapted  to  be  easily  placed 
in  position,  to  adjust  itself  to  the  rise  and  fall 
of  the  tide  and  the  constant  movement  of  Hie 
ship,  and  to  he,  as  a  whole,  well  adapted  for 
the  purpose  intended. 

Pneumatic  Railway. — Milton  A.  Clennam, 
S,  F.,  assignor  of  one  half  to  Uhas.  M.  Prevear. 
No.  423,130.  Dited  Mirch  11,  1890.  This  in- 
vention relates  to  certain  improvements  in 
pnenmatio  railways,  and  it  consists  essentially 
of  a  continuous  tube  and  a  novel  continuous 
valve  whereby  communication  may  be  oontin- 
aouely  made  and  cut  off  between  the  tube  and 
the  connecting  device  which  conveys  the  air 
from  the  tube  to  the  car  and  the  motor  thereon. 

Machine  foe  Applying  Hose  Couplings. — 
Jamea  A.  Angwin,  Oakland.  No.  423,100, 
Dited  March  11,  1890.  The  object  of  this  in- 
vention is  to  provide  a  simple  and  easily 
operatefd  power  machine  for  applying  the 
couplings  to  hose  and  securing  them  in  their 
places.  The  machine,  though  applicable  to  any 
coaplinga,  is  specially  intended  for  the  coupling 
heads  and  nipples  of  the  hose  of -railway  air- 
brakes.   


Working  Gold  Ores  Dry. 

In  later  years  there  has  been  more  or  less 
interest  manifested  in  the  idea  of  working  gold 
ores  dry,  and  this  is  now  begfaning  to  have  a 
good  many  advocates.  There  are  two  facts 
which  give  plausibility  to  the  idea  that  better 
results  can  be  obtained  by  dry  than  wet  work- 
ing; one,  that  the  larger  value  of  all  gold 
qaartz  is  in  fine  gold,  and  very  fine  at  that;  the 
other  is,  that  water,  moving  down  an  inclined 
table,  has  an  Irresistible  power  over  this  fine 
gold,  and  it  is  quite  reasonable  to  suppose  more 
or  less  is  carried  off.  Mr.  A,  B.  PanI,  who  ts  a 
close  investigator  and  has  spent  many  years  in 
practically  testing  this  point,  asserts  that  the 
loss  will  average  over  50  per  cent  of  the  free 
gold  product. 

VVe  are  not  prepared  to  dispute  or  affirm 
this  declaration;  we  can  only  say  that  Mr. 
Paul  has  had  a  great  many  years  experience  in 
gold  mining.  Tbere  is  another  fact  which  pre- 
sents itself  to  our  mind,  and  this  is,  there  is 
a  general  acknowledgment  by  our  gold 
minere — tven  those  working  Improved  mills — 
that  they  do  not  get  the  returns  they  should 
from  the  ores.  The  same  complaint  comes 
from  Australia  and  every  other  country  where 
gold  is  mined.  Dry  working  is  considered  by 
all  odds  to  be  better  for  the  majority  of  silver 
ores,  and  very  many  mills  are  in 
operation  reducing  their  ore  dry.  So  if  there 
are  any  better  results,  and  enough  extra  to  make 
dry  working  more  profitable,  why,  greater 
profit  will  likely  lead  the  work  into  that  chan- 
nel. Mr.  Paul  branches  off  and  makes  a  very 
radical  change  by  not  only  reducing  the  ore 
dry,  but  he  amalgamates  it  dry,  using  mercury 
instead  of  water.  As  to  his  full  system,  we  are 
not  familiar;  we  only  know  it  is  a  dry  way. 

In  working  gold  ores  dry,  the  question  comes. 
Is  not  dry  more  expensive  than  wet  working? 
Then  bow  much  more,  and  will  the  extra  yield 
of  gold  give  a  profit  over  the  extra  expense.? 
Then  again  comes  the  question  of  quantity  that 
can  he  worked,  cost  of  machinery,  etc.  There 
are  a  good  many  questions  to  be  considered  aa 
between  wet  and  dry  working.  As  far  as  ma- 
chinery goes  for  accomplishing  a  given  quan- 
tity of  work,  if  we  have  it  not  already,  the  me* 
chanical  skill  of  the  time  is  equal  to  it.  The 
question  all  rests  on  the  difference  in  returns 
of  the  precious  metals.  The  subject  is  an  in- 
teresting one  to  our  gold  miners,  and  we  will 
be  pleased  to  have  their  viewa,  pro  and  con, 

A  Peospectoe's  Qdartz  Mill  — James  Day 
of  Chioo,  Butte  Co.,  Cal,,  makes  a  little  mill 
with  a  patent  "vacuum  cylinder,"  a  cat  of 
which  is  shown  in  our  advertising  columns. 
The  machine  can  be  operated  by  hand  and  will 
amalgamate  both  in  the  battery  and  on  the 
plates.  In  its  mechanical  construction,  it  is 
like  an  ordinary  California  quartz  battery.  It 
is  not  a  toy,  but  a  small  machine  by  whioh  a 
miner  can  crush  his  own  selected  'rock,  and  ia 
calculated  to  crush  500  pounds  per  day  of  12 
hours.  The  mill  weighs  225  pounds  aud  costs 
$75  With  it  accurate  testa  of  rook  can  be 
made  with  less  trouble  than  in  an  ordinary  bat- 
tery. It  ia  adapted  to  be  run  by  steam-power 
or  by  hand,  and  will  be  useful  to  assayera  and 
samplers  as  well  aa  miners. 


Academy  of  Sciences. — At  the  last  meeting 
of  the  California  Academy  of  Sciences,  350 
specimens  of  fish  (100  apeoiee)  were  donated  by 
C.  H.  Obm. .  Dr.  Uarkness  read  a  paper  on  the 
nomenclature  of  organic  life.  A  branch  of 
madrona  from  Moant  Tamalpais  was  shown. 
The  leaves,  instead  of  being  a  deep  green,  were 
russet  brown,  due  to  the  presence  of  a  necuUar 
fungoid  growth  known  ^^  Rhytuma  Arhuiizola^ 
Three  years  ago  this  same  growth  made  its  ap- 
pearance. A.  Ehrlich  presented  some  cnriona 
Bpecimena  of  sclerotia  found  in  Tulare  county 
3000  or  4000  feet  above  the  sea  level.  Dr. 
Harknees  said  this  vegetable  is  a  puzzle,  and 
exhibits  nnder  the  microscope  nothing  bat 
amorphous  granules. 


Successful  Patent  Solicitors. 

As  Dewoy  &  Co.  have  been  in  the  patent  soliciting buel- 
oe&s  00  this  Coast  now  for  bo  many  years,  the  firm'8  name 
la  a  well-known  one.  Another  reason  for  its  popularity 
is  that  a  great  proportion  of  the  PaciGc  Coast  patents 
iBBued  by  the  Government  have  been  procured  through 
their  agency.  They  are,  therefore,  well  and  thoroughly 
posted  on  the  needs  of  the  progressive  industrial  classee 
of  this  Coast.  They  are  the  best  posted  firm  on  what 
has  been  done  in  all  branches  of  industry,  and  are  able 
to  judge  of  what  is  new  and  patentable.  In  this  they 
have  a  great  advantage,  which  is  of  practical  dollar  and 
cent  value  to  their  clients.  That  this  is  understood  and 
appreciated,  Is  evidenced  by  the  number  of  patents 
Issued  through  their  SoiaimFio  Prkbb  Patent  Agency  (8. 
F.)  from  week  to  week  and  year  to  year. 


Rewaeding  an  iNVfiNTOE  — By  authority  of 
an  Act  of  Congress  the  Secretary  of  the  Treas- 
ury has  had  prepared  a  gold  medal,  to  be  pre- 
sented to  Joseph  Francis,  the  celebrated  in- 
ventor of  the  life  car.  The  medal  has  been 
struck  and  is  now  in  the  keeping  of  the  Secretary 
of  the  Treasury.  It  posBesses  greater  intrinsic 
value  than  either  the  medal  voted  to  Cyrus  W. 
Field  for  laying  the  Atlantic  cable,  or  to  O-en- 
oral  tJ.  S.  Crrant  for  bis  services  dnring  the 
Civil  War. 

Don't  fail  to  Write. 

'  Should  this  paper  be  received  by  any  subscriber  who 
does  not  want  ft,  or  beyond  the  time  he  intends  to  pay 
for  it,  let  him  not  (ail  to  write  us  direct  to  stop  it.  A 
postal  card  (costing  one  cent  only)  will  suffice.  We  will 
not  knowingly  send  the  paper  to  any  one  who  does  not 
wish  It,  hut  If  it  is  continued,  through  Che  failure  of  the 
aubsoriber  to  notify  us  to  discontinue  It,  or  some  Irre- 
roonslble  p»rty  reaaested  to  ston  it,  we  nhati  poaiHveW 
demand  payment  for  the  time  it  is  sent.     Look  carbfollt 

AT  TUB  LABEL  ON  TOUR  PAPEtt, 


GovEENOE  Waterman  has  refused  to  make 
a  legal  boliday  ot  May  1  it  when  the  Eight-Hour 
League  is  to  parade.  He  advises  the  league  to 
donate  the  aihount  the  parade  would  cost  to 
the  unemployed  of  San  Feancisco. 

A  Bia  strike  of  excellent  ore  has  jast  been 
made  in  the  Little  Nellie  mine  on  Iron 
mountain,  Shasta  county. 


202 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Mar.  22,  1890 


II]ECHA>!ieAL  Progress. 


The  Rapidly  Growing   Uses  of  Wire. 

If;  is  a  oircamstance  which  cannot  have  es- 
caped notice  that  within  the  past  few  years  the 
application  of  wire  to  different  purposes  has 
been  widely  extended,  and  there  is  now  a  large 
variety  of  ases  for  which  it  is  Bucceasfully  em- 
ployed. So  general,  in  fact,  has  its  adoption 
become  that  the  present  has  been  characterized 
as  the  wire  age — a  term  expressive  enough  to 
make  comment  almost  unnecessary.  This  has, 
in  a  measure,  arisen  from  the  fact  that  makers 
of  wire  have  been  compelled  to  look  carefully 
over  wide  areas  for  new  outlets  for  the  product 
of  their  mills.  The  advance  in  the  efficiency  of 
these  mills,  including  especially  the  trains  for 
rolling  wire  rods,  within  five  or  six  years  past, 
has  been  something  surprising;  in  fact,  it  is  a 
dear  case  of  the  adaptation  of  a  high  speed 
class  of  machinery  to  a  line  of  work  which  has 
previously  been  done  at  considerably  lower 
■peed  and  at  far  greater  cost  for  repairs  of  fix- 
tures than  later  mills  have  yet  required. 

Disregarding  some  of  the  more  common  and 
well-known  uses  of  wire,  as,  for  example,  in 
the  field  of  applied  electricity  and  the  manu- 
facture of  wire  rope,  we  find  that  a  large  and 
growing  demand  for  it  has  sprung  up  in  turning 
out  barbed  wire  fencing,  the  manufacture  of 
which,  in  a  comparatively  short  space  of  time, 
has  assumed  commanding  proportions.  It  is 
not  difficult  to  realize  that  in  this  industry 
alone  enormous  quantities  of  wire  are  con- 
sumed. Wire  door  mats  also  have  become  gen- 
erally popular,  and  have  been  the  forerunners 
of  woven  wire  matting  for  covering  the  floors 
of  railroad  passenger  cars,  and  for  various 
other  purposes  which  will  readily  suggest  them- 
selves. Cleanliness,  durability  and  economy 
are  points  which  have  been  claimed  for  such 
matting  with  good  reason,  practical  test  hav- 
ing in  every  case  given  highly  satisfactory  re- 
sults. 

A  somewhat  unusual  application  of  wire  has 
been  made  in  the  construction  of  ordnance,  of 
which  the  Longridge  wire  gun,  in  England, 
and  the  Woodbridge  gun,  in  this  country,  are 
interesting  examples.  While  the  results  of 
actual  firing  tests  of  gnns  of  this  type  have  not 
been  in  every  way  encouraging,  the  principle 
of  their  design  has  some  things  to  commend  it, 
and  the  idea  may  yet  be  carried  out  in  a  thor> 
onghly  successful  manner.  In  the  Woodbridge 
gnn,  a  steel  cylinder  was  surrounded  by  ham- 
mered Bteel  bars  reaching  the  entire  length, 
and  around  these  was  wrapped  the  wire  while 
under  tension. 

Another  use  to  which  steel  wire,  in  a  braided 
or  woven  form  has  been  applied,  is  its  adapta- 
tion to  belting  for  driving  machinery.  Some 
things  may  be  said  both  for  and  against  this 
nse  of  the  material.  Metallic  plates  or  bands 
have  been  used  more  or  leas  for  belting  for 
many  years,  but  however  perfect  their  working 
may  have  proved  in  some  cases,  they  are  al- 
most beyond  hope  of  repair  when  trifiing  weak- 
ness begins  to  show  itself.  Braided  or  woven 
belts  of  wire  could  be  more  easily  repaired,  and 
if  made  of  a  comparatively  firm  wire  they 
would  in  all  probability  hug  a  pulley  over  its 
entire  width  more  perfectly  than  any  band 
could  when  made  of  plates  or  sheets.  It  seems 
almost  unneccBsary  to  remark  that  the  abso- 
lutely unyielding  nature  of  the  material  of 
which  the  wire  is  made  at  the  points  of  actual 
contact  is  wholly  different  from  that  of  the 
slightly  oompressible  leather  or  rubber  covered 
canvas  generally  used.  Hence,  it  could  hardly 
be  expected  that  equally  favorable  results 
should  attend  the  use  of  the  wire  fabric  until, 
as  has  been  proposed,  the  yielding  material  is 
supplied  in  the  shape  of  an  elastic  cover  fitted 
to  the  pulley.  This,  however,  introduces  in  an 
important  manner  the  element  of  wear,  and  the 
pulley  covering  would,  no  doubt,  be  rapidly 
destroyed.  The  question  of  joints  in  such  belts 
also  has  suggested  difficulties,  all  of  which, 
however,  would  seem  to  have  been  in  the 
main  overcome.  At  any  rate,  wire  belts,  we 
understand,  are  in  successful  use  at  Beaver 
Falls,  Fa.,  driving  machinery  of  various 
kinds. 

As  a  means  of  turning  out  fire-proof  stage 
scenery  for  theatrical  use,  wire  has  found 
another  Interesting  application.  The  fire- 
proofing  solutions  and  paints,  hitherto  em- 
ployed in  connection  with  the  scenery  in  cur- 
rent use,  have  been  found  ineufficient  from  the 
fact  that  they  are  unreliable,  and  further,  are 
frequently  objectionable  because  of  their  de- 
structive action  on  the  materials  to  which  they 
are  applied.  As  a  substitute  for  these  latter, 
therefore,  the  fabric  employed  for  the  familiar 
wire  window  screen  suggested  itself,  being  thin 
and  flexible,  almost  like  canvas,  and  admitting, 
when  closely  woven,  of  being  decorated  by 
scene  painters  in  the  ordinary  way.  The  only 
objection  which  appears  to  have  presented  it- 
seif  was  In  the  circumstance  that  the  wire 
gauze  may  be  easily  seen  through.  To  over- 
come this,  however,  a  special  paste  has  been 
prepared,  which  is  of  light  weight,  and,  when 
applied  to  the  gauze,  effectually  closes  up  all 
the  small  openings.  It,  moreover,  does  not 
detract  from  the  flexibility  of  the  fabric,  nor 
does  it  injuriously  affect  its  fireproof  character. 
Besides  all  this,  we  are  told,  the  paste,  when 
once  applied,  does  not  crack.  Wire  gauze 
scenery  prepared  in  this  way  will,  according 
to  German  report,  shortly  be  used  in  an  exper- 
imental way  in  the  court  theater  at  Manioh. — 
Railroad  Qazetie, 


The  Welding  of  Iron  and  Nickel, — Iron  is 
now  plated  with  nickel  by  pressure  between 
rolls  at  a  welding  heat.  The  nickel  is  recov* 
ered  from  the  clippings  and  shearings  of  the 
plates  by  the  action  of  dilute  sulphuric  acid  at 
a  temperature  of  55°  C.  The  iron  is  dissolved 
and  the  nickel  is  obtained  in  the  form  of  thin 
sheets  as  it  was  welded  npon  the  iron.  The  op- 
eration is  complete  when  the  evolution  of  hydro- 
gen ceases.  Even  fresh  acid,  at  the  same 
temperature,  has  practically  no  further  effect. 
The  separation  of  the  two  metals  is  apparently 
perfectly  made;  but  a  curious  fact  is  noted. 
When  the  residual  nickel  is  examined  chem- 
ically, it  is  found  to  differ  from  its  original 
composition,  the  amount  of  iron  present  being 
notably  increased.  For  example,  in  a  nickel 
containiog  originally  only  0  9  per  cent  of  iron, 
two  per  cent  more  was  found  when  it  was  re- 
covered from  the  plate  cuttings;  and  even  by  a 
long- continued  treatment  with  dilute  acid,  the 
iron  could  not  be  sensibly  reduced.  This 
peculiar  behavior  pointed  to  the  possibility  of 
actual  chemical  combination  taking  place  be- 
tween the  metals,  and  that  alloys  of  iron  and 
nickel  were  produced  in  the  welding,  as  it  is 
well  known  that  iron,  with  even  a  small  pro- 
portion of  nickel,  resists  the  action  of  acids 
better  than  the  pure  metal. 


Wear  of  Tires. — Esperiments  which  have 
been  made  recently  on  the  Austrian  state 
railroads,  with  wheel  tires  of  Krupp's  crucible 
cast  steel  and  Martin  steel,  have  yielded  in- 
teresting results.  For  the  purpose  of  the  trials, 
three  wheels  on  one  side  of  a  locomotive  were 
furnished  with  tires  of  one  kind  of  steel,  and 
those  on  the  other  side  with  tires  of  the  second 
kind.  The  profiles,  to  start  with,  were,  of 
course,  exactly  alike.  After  two  years'  run 
ning,  measurements  of  the  profiles  showed  that 
the  Krupp  steel  tires  had  worn  down  on  an 
average  10  millimetres  (about  0.4  in.)  while 
the  Martin  steel  tires  had  worn  down  14  milli 
metres  (about  0  56  in.)  Including  the  weight 
of  the  metal  removed  in  again  turning  down 
the  tires  the  normal  profile,  the  weight  lost, 
due  to  wear,  was  40.4  kilograms  (88.88  Ibi. )  in 
the  case  of  Krupp  tires,  and  5ti  4  kilograms 
(124. OS  11^^.)  in  the  case  of  those  of  Martin 
steel. —  loronto  Hardware. 


A  New  MAcaiNB  for  Cutting  Iron.— A 
machine  for  cutting  up  round  or  flit  iron  aod 
steel,  and  much  needed  in  mill  work,  has  been 
invented,  says  the  Rookville,  Conn.,  Journal, 
It  cuts  round  iron  or  steel  from  one-quarter  to 
one-half  inch  and  flat  up  to  quarter  inch,  as 
eaay  as  one  cuts  a  piece  of  card  with  pocket 
soisaors.  There  is  an  opening  for  each  aize  of 
round,  while  a  drawing  shear  cuts  the  flit. 
There  are  several  unique  movements  and  points 
in  connection  with  the  machine  which  must  be 
seen  to  be  appreciated,  especially  the  return  of 
the  blade  after  a  cut  has  been  made,  and  which 
is  made  without  any  springs  to  offer  any  resist- 
ance to  the  cutting  motion.  A  great  advantage 
and  saving  of  time  results  from  the  finished 
manner  in  which  the  work  is  left  after  the 
oatting.        

Compound  Locomotives.  —  The  Chicago, 
Burlington  &  Qainoy  mechanical  department 
have  designed  a  new  compound  locomotive 
which  they  expect  to  build  soon.  The  higb- 
preasure  cylinder  will  be  19  inches  and  the  low- 
pressure  cylinder  29  inches  diameter.  They 
intend  using  a  cast-steel  piston  in  the  low- 
pressure  cylinder  to  keep  down  the  weight. 
The  valyas  will  have  a  travel  of  six  inches. 
The  high-pressure  valve  will  have  1  1-16  out- 
side \%p  and  the  low-pressure  value  15*16  inch. 
Both  valves  will  have  ^inch  inside  lap.  In 
full  gear  the  lead  of  thd  high-pressure  valve 
will  be  -^-inch  and  that  of  the  low-pressure  3-16 
inch. — iN'ational  Car  Builder, 


Cooling  Steel  to  Soften  It. — To  heat  a 
piece  of  steel  to  a  low  red  heat,  and  lay  it  away 
to  cool  for  a  day  or  two,  may  be  all  well  enough 
when  it  is  to  be  made  soft  by  the  operation, 
provided  it  has  been  allowed  to  cool  gradually 
all  the  while,  but  the  chances  are  that  it  has 
cooled  more  in  the  first  five  minutps  than  all 
the  reat  of  the  time  combined.  Get  a  good 
non-conducting  material  for  this  purpose  and  be 
sure  and  have  it  dry  and  hot. — Ex. 


Chromium  Steel  for  Armor  Plates.  — 
G-reat  iorterest  has  been  excited  m  both  English 
and  French  naval  circles  by  a  new  invention  in 
armor  plates.  The  new  armor  is  said  to  be  an 
alloy  of  steel  with  chromium  and  an  unknown 
substance,  and  has  a  tenacity  equal  to  wrought 
iron  combined  with  the  hardness  of  best  tem- 
pered steel. 

New  Process  for  Working  Steel. — Nego- 
tiations are  in  progress  for  the  formation  of  a 
company  to  work  a  new  process  of  seamless 
pressed  steel,  invented  by  Messrs.  HesUngham 
and  Bywater,  engineers  in  the  employ  of  Mr. 
Samson  Fox  of  Leeds,  Eng. 


German  Makers  assert  that  their  steel  en- 
graving tools  possess  the  hardness  of  a  diamond. 
The  method  employed  is  said  to  be  to  heat  the 
tools  to  a  white  heat,  plunge  repeatedly  into 
sealing  wax  until  cold,  and  then  just  touch  with 
oil  of  turpentine. 


The  courts  decide  that  the  original  Lick 
trustees  muat  build  and  pat  into  operation  the 
Lick  School  of  Mechanic  Arts,  for  which  $540, 
000  was  left  l^y  James  Lick. 


geiENTIFie  FllOCBRESS. 


Extraction  of  Oxygen  from  tiie  Atmos- 
phere. 

One  of  the  industries  now  followed  in  Lon- 
don, and  certainly  a  novel  and  remarkable  one, 
even  for  this  age,  is  that  of  aeparatiog  and 
storing  oxygen  from  the  atmosphere.  This 
interesting  process  has  a  unique  application  in 
the  maturing  of  spirits  and  improving  the 
quality  of  beer,  and,  thongh  this  is  far  from 
being  the  only  application  which  is  made  of 
pure  oxygen,  it  is  one  which,  for  various  rea- 
sons, has  excited  most  attention,  especially  in 
that  department  of  trade,  on  account  of  its 
financial  bearings.  It  is  claimed  that  the 
oxygen,  in  its  contact  with  spirits,  actually 
accomplishes  in  a  few  days  what,  if  left  to  the 
natural  and  usual  proceas,  rt  quires  a  period  of 
from  three  to  five  years.  The  oxygen,  it  ia 
said,  gets  rid  of  the  fusel  oil  qnickly,  thus  re- 
lieving the  liquid  of  its  mostiojarious  property, 
and  nob  only  this,  but  a  maturer  effect  is  also 
produced  on  beer  by  admixture  with  oxygen. 

About  thirty  years  ago  Bonssingault  dis- 
covered that  the  monoxide  of  barium,  at  a 
temperature  of  1000  deg.  F.,  would  readily 
absorb  oxygen  from  the  atmosphere,  forming  a 
deoxide,  and  that  at  the  higher  temperature  of 
1700  deg.  it  would  be  given  off  again.  The  only 
obstacle  to  the  nse  of  barium  as  an  economical 
means  of  obtaining  oxygen  arose  from  the  fact 
that  the  barium  rock  soon  loat  its  power  of 
recovery.  To  the  brothers  Brin  the  world  is 
indebted  for  the  ability  to  overcome  this  diffi- 
culty, and  within  the  last  two  years  the  Bnn 
Oxygen  Co.,  of  London,  has  become  a  reliable 
and  commercial  success.  Barium  oxide  is  a 
mineral  substance  closely  resembling  lime  in  its 
properties,  and  occurs  most  commonly  in  lead 
districts,  as  a  sulphate  or  carbonate.  A  lump 
of  barium  monoxide  might  readily  be  taken  for 
pumice  stone,  bnt  inaction  it  is  very  different. 
When  placed  in  water  it  slacks  with  greater 
rapidity  than  lime,  and  gives  off  much  more 
heat. 

Extermination  of  American  Animals. 


W  e  gave  last  week  an  article  under  the 
above  head,  showing  that  a  large  number  of 
American  animals  are  rapidly  disappearing  be> 
fore  "the  man  with  the  gun,"  and  from  inhu- 
man fashions  that  now  prevail  for  dress  orna- 
mentation. A  writer  in  a  late  number  of  the 
Ckantauquan  tells  us  how  this  work  of  destruc- 
tion may  be  curtailed.  He  suggests  that  a  tax 
be  levied  upon  all  persons  found  with  fresh 
skins  in  their  possession;  which  we  suggest  be 
carried  further,  and  that  the  humane  societies 
excite  popular  Interest  in  favor  of  instituting  a 
law  prohibiting  skin  or  fur  dealing  ;  also  the 
dealing  in  and  wearing  of  millinery  birds,  to 
which  may  be  added  the  innumerable  nses  to 
which  portions  of  animals  and  birds  are  put 
for  decorative  purposes,  and  sold  so  cheaply  aa 
to  still  further  show  the  low  estimate  placed  on 
life  and  blood. 

The  infiuence  for  evil  increases  with  the 
cheapening  of  animal  wares,  as  we  readily  see, 
for  they  are  then  brought  within  the  reach  of 
all,  carrying  with  them  the  demoralizing  and 
benumbing  influence  associated  with  the  killing 
of  these — God's  creatures. 

When  we  look  through  our  wardrobes  we 
are  bewildered  as  to  what  will  take  the  place 
of  the  portions  of  animals  with  which  we  have 
bepatcbed  ourselves;  but  more  appalled  are  we 
in  solving  the  dizzy  problem  of  home  decora- 
tions, where  the  evidences  of  wholesale  slaugh- 
ter of  the  unoffending  creatures  stare  us  in  the 
face  at  every  turn.  Even  the  bible  is  clothed 
in  the  skin  of  an  animal.  Verily,  we  can  not 
judge  of  contents  by  exteriors;  and  I  donbt  not 
chat  if  the  bible  could  speak  it  would  tell  ua 
how  hateful  and  uncomfortable  it  feels  in 
other's  clothes.  Do  I  startle  you  into  discom- 
fort?   Well,  misery  likes  company. 

"There  is  no  royal  road  to  knowledge." 
While  getting  our  eyes  open  has  enabled  us  to 
see  this  mire  of  carnage  through  which  we 
wade,  it  alao  enables  ns  to  see  the  lighted  path 
beyond  and  the  upward  direction  of  our  intelli- 
gence to  devising  means  for  supplying  aubsti- 
tutes  for  the  great  variety  of  birds  and  amimals 
which  have  been  forced  to  fiad  a  final  resting 
place  piecemeal  among  the  civilized.  (?) 


About  Fish  as  Food. — Fish,  especially  salmon 
in  tms,  are  something  colored  with  annetto. 
As  the  eye  and  the  palate  have  a  very  intimate 
relation,  it  is  frequently  the  case  that  vegetable 
or  other  harmless  coloring  matter  can  be  advan- 
tageously need  in  food  preparations,  just  as  it 
is  in  the  manufacture  of  confectionery.  It  is 
better,  however,  to  eat  our  food  with  the  color 
which  nature  gives  it.  There  is  a  very  interest- 
ing fact  connected  with  the  drnm-fish,  which 
was  recently  reported  to  the  Philadelphia 
Academy  of  Sciences  by  Dr.  Leidy,  of  that 
city.  He  said  that  *'  during  a  visit  to  Charles- 
ton, S.  0.,  before  the  late  war,  there  were 
served  at  an  evening  entertainment,  among 
other  viands,  some  nicely  browned  slices  of  the 
drum  fish,  pogonias  chromis^  A  friend,  inform- 
ing him  that  some  proportions  were  more  gela- 
tinous and  delicate  than  others,  had  helped  him 
to  what  he  supposed  was  one  of  such.  On 
cutting  into  it  he  had  observed  embedded  in 
the  fieeh  a  soft  mass,  which  appeared  of  enig- 
matic oharacter,   The  following  day  he  procured 


from  the  market  a  drum-fish,  on  dissection  of 
which  he  found  embedded  in  the  tail  several 
egg-shaped  masses,  about  three  inches  long  and 
less  than  an  inch  thick,  which  proved  to  be  a 
large  coiled  worm  an  acanthorhynchus  reptana. 
This  it  was  that  gave  delicacy  to  the  dainty,  and 
in  this  instance  the  parasite  seemed  to  enhance 
the  excellence  of  the  food." 


The  Clouds  at  Night. — The  observations 
made  durmg  night  ascensions,  or  those  which 
were  continued  into  the  night,  in  temperatures 
at  different  highta,  give  results  different  from 
the  theories  previously  held  on  the  subject. 
An  increase  of  the  temperature  with  the  bight 
was  noticed  after  sunset.  The  rate  of  decline 
of  temperature  with  elevation,  when  near  the 
earth,  was  subject  to  variation  as  the  sky  was 
clear  or  cloudy.  From  an  elevation  of  three 
miles  cirrns  clouds  were  seen  apparently  as  far 
above  the  observers  as  they  seem  when  viewed 
from  the  earth,  and  that  under  such  conditions 
that  it  was  hard  to  believe  their  presence 
was  due  to  moisture.  The  audibility  of  sounds 
from  the  earth  depended  considerably  on  the 
amount  of  moisture  in  the  atmosphere.  The 
noise  of  a  railway  train  could  be  heard  in 
clouds  at  four  miles  high,  but  not  when  the  ^ 
clouds  were  far  below.  The  discharge  of  a  gun  f 
was  heard  10,000  feet;  the  barking  of  a  dog  at 
two  miles,  bnt  the  shouting  of  a  multitude  at 
not  more  than  400  feet.  Many  differences  in 
the  results  of  observations  were  supposed  to  de- 
pend upon  atmospheric  conditions,  while  these 
vary  with  the  time  of  day  and  the  seasqn  of 
the  year,  so  that  a  great  many  observations 
would  be  required  to  determine  the  true  laws. 
Having  followed  up  one  of  the  observations  re- 
corded above  with  a  captive  balloon,  and  by 
other  meana,  Mr.  Glaisber  declared  to  the 
Meteorological  Society  in  1S70  that  the  theory 
that  the  temperature  is  always  lower  at  higher 
elevations  is  not  true. 


I 


A  Substitute  eor  Oak  Bark  in  Tanning.— 
In  a  recent  United  States  consular  report,  Mr. 
Merry  describes  "a  vegetable  product  which 
will  become  a  ready  and  perfect  sabstitnte  for 
the  rapidly  vanishing  oak  of  our  own  conatry." 
This  is  the  Australian  wattle,  which  belongs  to 
the  widespread  family  of  acacias,  and  which  is 
cultivated  extensively  in  New  South  Wales 
and  Victoria,  where  it  lends  a  charm  to  the 
scenery  both  by  its  fragant  blossoms  and  its  ex- 
quisite foliage.  The  two  varieties  most  culti- 
vated are  the  black  and  the  broad-leafed 
wattle,  and  both  can  be  grown  in  an  exceed- 
ingly dry  climate  and  a  poor  soil.  The  black 
wattle  produces  a  large  amount  of  tannic  acid. 
Its  value  for  tanning  will  be  understood  when 
it  is  mentioned  that  hides  can  be  readily  tanned 
in  a  bath  of  liquor  made  from  the  black  wattle 
in  47  days,  whereas,  in  Hquor  made  from  the 
barb  of  the  Santa  Cruz  oak,  the  best  known  in 
the  Pacific  States,  the  time  required  is  75  to 
SO  days.  The  black  wattle  contains  30  to  35 
p^r  cent  of  tannic  acid,  the  broad-leaved  wattle 
26  to  2S,  Sinta  Cruz  16  to  IS,  and  other  kinds 
of  oak  less  still.  Although  the  broad-leaved 
wattle  has  less  acid,  it  has  certain  advantages 
over  the  black  variety.  It  is  a  larger  and 
handsomer  tree,  and  can  withstand  a  greater 
amount  of  frost. 


The  Cause  of  Scbway  Explosions.  —  Nu- 
merous explosions  from  underground  electric 
wires  all  over  the  world  have  generally  been 
attributed  to  gas  in  the  mains  or  the  decaying 
of  organic  or  vegetable  matter,  and  in  either 
case  explosions  being  effected  by  the  arcs  formed 
in  conduits  by  imperfect  insulation  and  the 
water  surrounding  the  electric  wires.  It  ia 
well  known  that  the  detonation  of  explosives  in 
many  instances  depends  on  the  means  used  in 
igniting  ;  an  explosion  caused  by  a  spark  pro- 
ducing a  more  violent  effect  than  could  be  pro- 
duced by  gunpowder  or  a  flime.  Prof,  George 
Forbes,  F.  R.  S.,  has  made  some  pertinent  sug- 
gestions as  to  whether  these  explosions  have 
not  been  due  to  oxygen  and  hydrogen  forined 
by  the  decomposition  of  water  which  is  gener- 
ally around  the  wires,  giving  opportunity  for 
arcs  to  be  formed.  Hydrogen  and  oxygen,  in 
the  gaseous  state,  form  one  of  the  highest  ex* 
plosives  known. 


Ingenious  Clock:. — Aside  from  being  a  regu- 
lar timepiece  and  daily  calendar,  it  is  also  pro- 
vided with  a  system  of  keys  making  a  donble 
circuit  around  the  outeide  of  the  clock,  the  first 
one  to  denote  the  hour  and  minnte,  and  the 
other  the  day  of  the  month.  The  object  is  to 
furnish  thereby  a  regulator  for  business  ap- 
pointments. For  instance,  If  a  man  had  an 
appointment  at  9: 10  o'clock  in  the  morning, 
he  would  turn  the  indicator  to  that  time  as 
well  as  another  to  Dae.  1.  At  the  minute  ex- 
actly that  morning  an  alarm  would  be  turned 
in,  and  would  continue  to  ring  until  stopped. 
The  clock  is  the  first  of  its  kind  in  America, 
and  has  been  viewed  with  considerable  interest 
by  the  jewelry  trade. 


The  Phonograph  as  a  Teacher.  —  The 
phonograph  is  expected  to  prove  a  valuable  aid 
in  the  study  of  languages.  The  pupil  can  take 
home  a  piece  of  tin-foil  on  which  is  recorded 
his  teacher's  correct  accent,  and  practice  with 
it  in  his  own  room  aa  much  as  he  pleases. 


Prof.  Orton  concludes  that  the  natural  gas 
enpply  of  Oaio  and  Indiana  is  not  only  not  in- 
exhaustible, but  that  it  will  probably  be  ex> 
hansted  in  nine  yeara. 


Mas.  22,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


203 


SooD  He^mth, 


Health  of  the  State. 

The  report  of   the  State  Board  of   Health  for 

■l)ruary  givee  encODragemeot  of   ao  improved 

.nditioD  of  the  geoeral  state  of  health  throu^h- 

out  the  Sute  eiDce  the  January    report.     He* 

turoB   have  been  received  from    lOH    localitiea 

h^viog  aa    estimated    popolation   of    822  950, 

Hhowing   a   decadence  at  the  rate  of  17*28  per 

:inaum,  while  the  return*  for   January  gkve  an 

.uDUal  death  rate  of  20.64.     Diaeasesot  the  re- 

piratory   organs,    however,    still  occupy    the 

mjat   promineDt    place  among   the    causes    of 

death. 

OoDsnmption  hradB  the  list  with  249  deaths, 
%  decrease  of  21  from  January. 

Poenmonia  also  preoeDts  the  large  mortality 
of  lliO  deaths.  Nevertheless  it  is  a  decrease  of 
68  from  last  report. 

Bronchitis  is  credited  with  38  decedents. 
This  is  also  a  reduction  of  V.)  from  last  report, 
»lthough  it  is  much  in  excebs  of  the  nsual  mor 
tality  recorded  from  this  disease.  Congestion 
of  the  tuugs  was  fatal  to  12  persons,  ahont  half 
the  mortality  of  previous  mcotb.  Whooping- 
cough  caused  six  deaths,  which  indicates  an  in- 
crease in  the  disease.  Diptheria  and  croup, 
collectively,  were  fatal  in  IS  instances,  a 
marked  decrease  from  fatality  in  January, 
when  40  deaths  were  registered  from  these  dis- 
eases. Diarrhea  and  dysentery  oansed  but  tive 
d'^ath?,  an  unusually  emill  rate.  Cancer,  as 
utoal,  has  caused  a  large  proportion  of  dtathB,22. 
Tne  reports  from  localities  generally  throogb- 
ont  the  State  indicated  very  well  marked  sub- 
sidence in  the  frequency  and  fatality  of  dis- 
eases of  respiratory  organs.  The  notes  of  a 
number  of  correspondents  convey  the  impres 
aioD  that  in  a  majority  of  the  districts  heard 
from,  the  condition  of  the  public  health  was 
much  more  satisfactory  than  was  to  be 
pected,  considering  the  extremely  inclement 
weather  that  prevailed  throughout  the  month 
The  decrease  in  the  prevalence  of  disorders  of 
the  bowels  was  quite  noticeable,  especially 
cholera  infantum,  which  is  hardly  mentioned. 
The  absence  from  our  reports  of  typhoid 
fever  as  a  prevailing  disease  la  remarkable,  and 
in  some  degree  confirmatory  of  the  observations 
of  authorities  upon  this  subject,  that  a  copious 
sod  continuous  rainfall  so  flashes  and  washes 
out  the  impurities  of  the  soil  and  the  recepta- 
cles of  6lth  that  typhoid  fever  becomes  per- 
cdptibly  lessened  in  its  frequency,  if  not  en* 
tirely  absent,  from  localities  in  which  it  before 
was  prevalent. 

Oare  is  being  taken  to  prevent  the  smallpox 
from  crossing  the  border  from  Laa  Vegas,  Mex- 
Ino,  where  it  has  been  for  some  time  prevalent, 
RjcommendatioQ  is  made  that  oare  shoald  be 
taken  in  the  way  of  general  vaccination,  espe- 
cially in  the  schools,  to  prevent  the  poesi- 
bility  of  its  again  becoming  prevalent  in  this 
State. 

Inflaeoza  is  rapidly  abating;  although  men* 
tioned  in  nearly  all  of  our  reports  as  still  present 
in  the  State,  It  is  charaoterized  by  its  mild  form 
and  general  absence  of  fatality.  Probably  the 
next  report  will  convey  the  intelligence  of  its 
total  disappearance. 

The  Adulteration  of  Confectionery. 

Much  has  been  said  of  late  in  regard  to  the 
adulteration  of  confectionery.  One  of  our  city 
dailies  recently  said:  '*The  adulteration  of 
oandy  is  a  topic  which  should  be  taken  up  by 
the  State  governments  and  by  Congress.  Stat- 
istics show  that  every  year  wttnesBes  a  spread 
of  the  practice  which  cannot  but  result  in  seri- 
ous injary  to  the  health  of  children.  Terra 
alba,  or  white  earth,  is  used  exclusively  for 
adulterating  candies,  yet  no  less  than  6000  tons 
of  this  substance  were  recently  imported 
through  Wew  York.  Lozangea  made  entirely 
of  this  earth  are  dipped  in  syrups  flavored  with 
peppermint  and  other  essences  and  then  sold  as 
genuine  sugar  lozenges.  When  it  is  known 
that  terra  alba  is  a  mineral  insoluble  by  the 
gastric  juices,  the  extent  ot  the  evil  of  this 
adulteration  may  be  understood.  It  means 
grave  danger  of  incurable  disease  to  thousands 
of  young  children." 

A  correspondent  of  the  Scientific  American, 
in  allusion  to  the  ab.ve,  which  also  appeared 
in  that  journal,  says  that  the  importation  of 
the  6000  tons  of  terra  alba  occurred  some  Ave 
nr  six  years  ago,  before  the  organization  of  the 
National  Confectionera*  Association.  It  seems 
to  be  admitted  that  terra  alba  and  perhaps 
other  adulterations  were  used  to  some  extent 
previous  to  the  organization  of  that  associa- 
tion;  but  it  is  denied  that  adulterations 
have  been  used  since.  One  of  the  leading  ob* 
j  dcts  of  the  association  la  to  prevent  such 
irauds.  As  an  evidence  of  this,  the  corre* 
spondent  above  alluded  to  says  that  the  assooi- 
atinn  "offers  a  reward  of  §100  for  evidence  that 
will  enable  it  to  convict  any  person  of  adulter' 
ating  confectionery  with  poisonous  or  injurious 
Bubstanoes,  the  association  assuming  all  the 
coat  of  prosecuting." 

In  addition  to  the  above,  the  correspondent, 
who  is  the  editor  of  the  New  York  Confec- 
tioner, cflTers  to  duplicate  the  reward  himself. 

The  above  assurance  that  such  adulterations 
have  practically  ceased,  through  the  efforts  of 
the  leading'  manufacturers  themselves,  should 
be  very  gratifying  to  all. 

Made  It  Pay. — It  is  aaid  that  Dr.  Knorr  of 
^ermanyi    the    discoverer  of   antipyrinei  the 


great  grip  remedy,  hai  made  considerably  over 
a  millioD  of  dollars  by  the  winter's  epidemic. 
The  medicine  sells  at  $1.40  an  ounoe,  and  Dr. 
Knorr  gets  a  royalty  of  about  60  centa  on  every 
ounce  sold. 


Danubcff. — The  application  of  chloral  hy- 
drate in  solution  of  five  grains  to  the  ounoe  of 
water  is  said  to  clear  the  head  of  dandruff  and 
prevent  falling  of  the  hair  from  the  latter 
cause. 


QSEFUL   InFORJVIATIOjN. 


A  New  and  Chkai'  Binding  Twine. — The 
need  always  brings  the  inventor.  The  high 
coat  of  binding  twine,  brought  about  by  the 
corner  made  by  speculators  in  twine,  has  re* 
suited  in  the  invention  of  a  practical  and  cheap 
substitute,  which  is  practically  out  of  reach  of 
speculators.  An  Iowa  Inventor  has  come  to 
the  front  with  this  much  needed  subatitute. 
The  new  twine  Is  made  of  dried  grass.  He  has 
also  invented  a  machine  for  making  it.  When 
in  Chicago  a  few  days  since  he  exhibited  a  large 
bundle  ot  such  twine,  the  thread  of  which  is 
about  onc'eighth  inch  diameter,  and  as  flexible 
and  as  easily  bandied  as  the  same  size  ot  hemp 
twine.  It  will  sustain  200  pounds  of  tension. 
This  twine  may  be  made  of  upland  prairie 
grass,  though  the  beat  is  of  coarse  marsh  grass. 
The  machine  for  making  it  is  simple,  and  can 
be  constructed  so  as  to  be  within  the  reach  of 
every  farmer.  A  boy  can  make  about  800 
yards  of  twine  an  hour.  A^  compared  with  the 
present  twines  used  for  binding  it  costs  much 
less  to  make  and  from  5  to  7  cents  an  acre 
will  be  the  cost  of  its  use.  The  twine  consists 
of  thia  dried  grass  or  hay  twisted  tightly  and 
firmly  held  together  by  cotton  thread.  It  has 
also  been  woven  into  bagging  for  shipping 
cotton.  For  this  purpose  it  baa  proved  admir* 
able,  being  strong  and  very  durable.  It  ia 
about  one-third  the  cost  of  jate,  and  ia  aaid  to 
be  much  more  serviceable. 


ELECTPjerrv. 


Failure  of  "Smokeless  Powdee." — The 
French  have  succeded  in  making  a  powder  that 
is  nearly  smokeless.  The  manufaoture  ia 
secret  owned  by  the  Government,  It  is  con- 
sidered of  great  value  in  war,  and  other  Europ- 
ean nations  have  produced  something  of  a  sim- 
ilar nature  which  ia  even  more  smokeless  than 
the  French  article.  Italy  built  a  factory  to 
manufacture  it  in  the  interest  of  the  Triple 
Alliance  of  Germany,  England  and  Italy.  On 
trial  it  has  proven  a  success  so  long  as  the  pow- 
der Is  kept  warm;  bat  recently  when  the  car- 
tridges were  tried  in  cold  weather  they  most 
unexpectedly  failed  to  explode.  Repeated 
trials  have  shown  that  the  powder  has  no  value 
except  In  summer  weather.  Hence.  It  is  claimed 
that  the  invention  is  a  failure.  Great  efforts 
have  been  made  to  aecure  a  cartridge  of  the 
French  make  for  analysis,  but  hitherto  without 
success.  ; Every  cartridge  is  more  carefully 
guarded  than  a  mint  of  gold.  Two  French  sol- 
diers are  now  serving  life  sentences  in  prison 
for  trying  to  steal  a  single  cartridge  to  sell  to 
Germany,  A  cartridge  ia  a  little  thing  and 
doesn't  cost  much,  but  the  secret  those  car- 
tridges contain  mav  mean  victory  for  France 
some  day,  and  the  French  Government  will  go 
to  almost  any  extreme  to  keep  rival  nations 
from  knowing  it. 


Japanese  Clocks.— The  Dublin  Science  and 
Art  Bjpartment  bas  recently  purchased  sev- 
eral Japanese  clocks,  which  differ  In  many 
respects,  but  all  record  time  without  the  usual 
hand  rotating  ahous  au  axis.  The  scale  of  time 
is  arranged  as  on  a  thermometer,  and  a  pointer 
attached  to  a  weight  projects  from  a  silt  in  the 
scale,  and,  travelling  down  it,  thns  points  out 
the  time.  We  understand  that  such  clocka 
were  seen  in  Japan  30  years  ago,  but  that  they 
are  now  generally  superseded  by  clocks  of 
European  pattern, 

A  Silken  Fiber  from  the  Banana  Plant. 
— Attention  is  being  again  directed  to  the  util- 
zing  of  the  banana.  From  the  stalk  and  leaf 
of  this  plant,  it  is  stated,  a  beautiful  silken 
fiber  can  be  obtained,  which,  when  manufact- 
ured into  dress  goods,  closely  resembles  Irish 
poplin.  When  suitable  machinery  for  decor- 
ticating it  is  found,  it  is  thought  this  fiber  will 
command  large  commercial  attention  for  the 
manufacture  of  textile  goods,  aa  well  as  for 
paper  and  other  purposes. 


Petroled  ai  Bricks  —The  French  professor 
of  chemistry,  Dd  MUlefleura,  recently  exhibited 
before  a  meeting  of  Pariaian  scientists  several 
bricks  of  petroleum,  which  he  has  diaoovered 
how  to  solidify  by  an  original  process.  The 
petroleum  bricks  were  hard  enough  to  be 
handled  without  inconvenience,  yet  soft  enough 
to  be  cut  with  a  stout  knife.  They  burned 
plowly  when  touched  with  a  match.  Mille- 
fleura  says  they  are  non-explosive  and  inex- 
pensive. 

The  Goose  Qqill  vs.  the  Steel  Pen. In 

the  Eagliah  Patent  Office,  where  of  all  places 
in  the  world  some  knowledge  of  inventions 
should  exist,  the  steel  pen  ia  nnkuown.  The 
old  goose  quill  is  the  most  recent  writing  im- 
plement in  exiatencA,  so  far  as  can  be  gathered 
by  a  visit  to  the  cfficlal  library,  and  as  many 
a  quill  is  as  useful  for  legible  writing  as  the 
end  of  a  burnt  match,  some  of  the  notes  taken 
there  maoh  resemble  the  track  of  a  snail, 


Progress  of  Electrical  Industry. 

The  great  advance  in  the  application  of  elec- 
tricity to  uBeful  purposes  during  the  last  decade 
ia  one  of  the  marvels  of  modern  industrial  prog- 
ress. Until  quite  recently  very  little  attention 
waa  paid  to  nieohanical  engineering  as  applied 
to  electricity.  The  construction  of  electrical 
inatmmentB  and  machines  and  their  erection 
and  use  were  in  the  hands  of  persons  who  knew 
but  little  about  electricity.  At  present,  bow* 
ever,  the  best  dynamos  and  other  electrical 
appliances  are  made  by  experienced  electrical 
and  mechanical  engineerB.  Observation  shows 
that  the  electrical  industries  of  to-day  are  more 
and  more  demanding  the  services  of  both  skill- 
ful mechanical  engineers  and  well  educated 
electricians. 

Twenty,  even  15  years  ago,  very  little  was 
known  about  exact  mechanical  calculations  con- 
cerning electrical  phenomena.  It  waa  scarcely 
thought  that  there  was  a  science  of  electricity 
apart  from  its  mere  natural  history.  Even  up  to 
ten  years  ago,  aside  from  the  electric  telegraph, 
very  little  was  known  in  regard  to  electricity 
except  what  may  be  called  the  production  of 
electric  tricks.  The  researches  of  Cavendish, 
Faraday  and  Joule  and  the  valuable  papers  of 
Sir  William  Thompson  were  aimply  buried  in 
scientifio  journals,  and  but  little  attempt  had 
been  made  to  apply  them  to  mechanical  prog* 
reas  or  the  nseful  arts  of  life. 

It  is  only  within  the  decade  just  passed  that 
the  electrician  bas  become  also  a  mechanical 
engineer  and  sought  useful  appliances  for  this 
wonderful  and  mysterious  agent.  Now  the 
hand  of  the  electrical  engineer  may  be  seen 
everywhere.  He  has  wondered  away  from 
his  telegraph  poles  and  may  be  seen 
in  the  shop,  in  the  factory,  on  the  railroad,  on 
the  farm,  in  the  mine,  in  the  dwelling  and  in 
many  of  the  nseful  arts,  where  he  is  applying 
his  genius  to  modify  the  handiwork  of  man  and 
in  devising  improved  means  to  uaeful  ends  in 
almost  every  industrial  operation. 

To-day  the  electrical  engineer  can  design  a 
thing  with  an  exact  knowledge  of  what  it  will 
do.  Hia  calculationa  are  aa  oloae  and  reliable  as 
thoae  of  the  mechanical  engineer.  The  world 
has  entered  upon  a  new  and  most  important 
engineering  science,  the  possibilities  of  which 
are  almost  inconceivable.  This  new  mechanical 
science  bas  made  greater  progress  within  the 
last  ten  or  twelve  years  than  waa  reached  by 
steam  in  any  100  yeara  of  its  advance.  It  ia 
jaat  now,  in  this  country  especially,  the  all* 
absorbing  study  of  an  increasing  number  of 
mechanics  and  electricians,  which  baa  already 
become  a  vast  multitude,  who  are  constantly 
employing  their  inventive  powers  in  contriving 
new  devices  and  studying  with  all  their  energy 
to  acquire  a  still  clearer  knowledge  of  the 
science  and  application  of  electricity.  Our 
people,  our  government,  and  even  the  proudest 
European  diplomata  and  potentates,  are  giving 
honor  and  applause  to  the  experimenters  and 
inventors  who  lead  in  thia  great  work  of  modern 
progreas.  While  we  would  not  take  a  single 
leaf  from  the  well  earned  wreaths  of  the  dis- 
tinguished scientists  whose  investigations  have 
made  this  work  posBible,  we  would  give  the 
highest  honor  to  the  eminent  mechanicians  who 
have  made  a  practical  application  to  the  use  of 
man  of  the  scientifio  fiicta  which  have  been 
placed  before  the  world  by  the  men  of 
science. 

We  would  say,  with  a  late  writpr  on  "The 
Future  of  Electricity,"  that  "We  who  are 
unfortunate  enough  to  have  less  than  half  of 
onr  probable  time  of  life  to  look  ahead  to,  are 
greatly  pleased  with  the  rapidity  of  electrical 
development,  as  it  assures  ua  the  probability  of 
seeing  many  wonderful  advances  to  be  made  in 
the  growth  of  this  science,  both  pure  and  ap- 
plied. Bat  we  realize  that  the  inventions  and 
diaooveries  of  the  near  future  are  likely  to  be 
closely  allied  to  the  accomplishments  of  the 
present. 

**  The  development  of  new  fields  is  to  be  left 
to  succeeding  generations.  We  can  hardly 
hope  within  the  present  generation  to  see  the 
successful  production  of  electricity  in  large 
quantities  for  commercial  nae  direct  from  the 
crude  material  instead  of  the  preaent  expensive 
method  of  passing  the  energy  through  the 
boiler  and  steam  engine.  The  full  under- 
standing of  the  production  of  light  by  the  fire- 
fly and  the  applications  in  that  direction  are 
certainly  too  far  ahead  to  afford  ua,  for  the 
present,  more  than  a  mere  ray  of  hope  of  any 
thing  more  than  an  imaginary  picture  of  what 
in  time  will  surely  come  to  paaa." 


mit  is  a  little  square  projection.  To  light  his 
cigar  the  smoker  takes  one  of  these  torches, 
sees  that  it  is  well  soaked  in  the  apirits,  and 
touches  it  sharply  against  the  projection,  which 
instantly  emits  a  volley  of  aparka  and  sets  the 
end  of  the  torch  ablaze.  The  current  comes 
from  electric  wires  up  above,  from  which  a 
couple  of  light  wires  run  down  to  the  quaint 
little  instrument. 


Conorkssional  Investigatiox, — Mr.  A,  J. 
De  Oamp  of  Philadelphia  baa  circulated  a  pe- 
tion  asking  Congress  to  appropriate  the  small 
eum  of  $50,000  for  the  purpose  of  investigating 
electric  lighting,  not  only  with  a  view  of  as- 
certaining the  figures  that  represent  its  growth, 
but  specially  with  the  object  of  inquiring  into 
the  casualties  that  have  resulted  from  the  use 
of  electric  currents,  and  as  compared  with  cas- 
ualties from  other  agents  employed  for  similar 
purposes.     This  is  a  timely  appeal. 


IBhE  BuiLDEf^. 


A  First  Principle  op  Bbidoe  Boildino. — 
If  one  plank  would  hold  up  100  pounds  on  the 
center,  then  the  two  planks,  placed  side  by 
side,  would  hold  up  200  pounds,  while  placing 
the  placks  one  on  top  of  the  other  and  nailing 
them  firmly  together  they  would  bold  up  400 
pounds.  In  this  way  we  see  that.  In  order  to 
inoreaae  the  strength  of  the  bridge,  or  beam, 
faster  than  we  increase  the  amount  of  material, 
the  increased  amount  of  material  should  go  into 
the  depth  of  the  beam  and  not  into  the  width  of 
it.  Thia  is  one  of  the  first  principles  in  the 
resistance  of  material,  that  the  strength  of  a 
beam  varies  directly  as  the  width — that  ia,  if 
we  make  the  beam  twice  aa  wide,  it  will  hold 
twice  as  much;  and  that  the  strength  varies  as 
the  Eqaare  of  tne  depth — that  is,  if  we  make  it 
twice  as  deep  it  will  hold  np  four  times  as 
much.  If  we  make  it  three  times  aa  deep,  it 
will  hold  np  nine  times  as  much  of  a  load.  So 
it  can  readily  be  understood  that  in  order  to  in- 
crease the  strength  of  the  bridge  or  beam  with- 
out increasing  the  material  in  the  same  propor- 
tion, the  increased  amount  of  material  should 
be  put  into  the  depth  and  not  into  the 
width.— ^r, 


French  Process  for  Hardening  Plaster. — 
The  following  procass  comes  from  France  for 
hardening  plaster,  ao  that  it  may  be  nsed  for 
flooring,  as  wood  and  tile  are  at  present: 
About  six  parts  of  good  quality  plaster  are  in- 
timately mixed  with  one  part  of  freshly-slacked 
white  lime  finely  sifted.  This  mixture  ia  then 
laid  down  aa  quickly  as  possible,  care  being 
taken  that  the  trowel  ia  not  used  on  it  for  too 
long  a  time.  The  floor  should  then  be  allowed 
to  become  very  dry,  and  afterward  be  thor- 
oughly saturated  with  sulphate  of  iron  or  zinc 
— the  iron  giving  the  strongest  surface,  the  re- 
sistance to  breaking  being  2U  times  the  strength 
of  ordinary  plaster.  With  sulphate  of  zinc  the 
floor  remains  white,  but  when  iron  is  used  it 
becomes  the  color  of  rusted  iron;  but  if  linseed 
oil,  boiled  with  litharge,  be  applied  to  the  sur- 
face, it  becomes  of  a  beautiful  mahogany  color. 
Especially  is  this  the  case  if  a  coat  of  copal 
varnish  be  added. 


Steel  Hodses  Next. — A  vary  favorable  ac- 
count is  given  in  the  French  papers  of  the 
ayetem  of  building  houses  of  steel  plates,  in- 
troduced some  time  ago  by  M.  Danly,  manager 
of  the  Societe  des  Forgea  de  Gbatelneau,  and 
who  has  set  forth  its  various  advantages  in  an 
interesting  and  plausible  manner,  attractin  g 
considerable  attention.  M.  Banlv  has  satis- 
factorily aaoertained  that  corrugated  sheets 
of  no  more  than  a  millimeter  in  thickness,  are 
sufficiently  strong  for  building  bouses  several 
stories  high,  and  the  material  nsed  allows  of 
quite  a  variety  of  architectural  ornamentation. 
The  plates  thns  employed  are  of  the  finest 
quality,  and,  as  they  are  galvanized  after 
they  have  been  cut  to  the  aizes  and  shapes  re- 
quired, no  portion  is  left  exposed  to  the  at- 
mosphere. It  is  asserted  that  houses  con- 
atructed  in  this  manner  are  very  sanitary,  and 
that  the  necessary  ventilating  and  heating  ar- 
rangements can  be  readily  carried  out. 


Electric  Shooting. — The  French  minister 
of  war  IS  miking  some  experiments  in  electric 
shooting,  and  intends  to  arrange  ao  that  he  can 
discharge  hia  guns  upon  the  enemy  from  unex- 
pected places  by  means  of  an  electric  current. 
By  placing  a  battery  on  a  hill,  in  a  fort,  or  at 
the  entrance  of  a  defile,  it  would  be  poaaible  to 
shoot  from  a  distance  or  automatically  discharge 
the  artillery  at  any  precise  point  of  the  line  of 
defense. 

A  Novel  Applicatcon  of  Electricity.— An 
enterprising  restaurant  proprietor  has  made  a 
novel  application  of  electricity,  namely,  to  the 
lighting  of  cigara.  On  the  top  of  the  caae  in 
which  the  cigars  are  kept  stands  a  little  oblong 
machine.  It  has  the  usual  sockets  containing 
methylated  epirita  and  torches,  and  on  its  sum* 


A  Spanish  Fireproof  Floor, — A  new  sys- 
tem of  fireproof  floor  construction  has  recently 
been  introduced  into  this  oonntry  from  Spain, 
where  it  has  been  in  nse  a  nnmber  of  years.  Its 
general  features  are  the  use  to  form  the  arches 
of  a  hard,  well  burned  clay  tile  laid  flat  with 
the  several  courses  breaking  joints.  The  com- 
position of  the  mortar  ia  a  secret,  but  it 
adheres  ao  closely  to  the  tile  itself,  and  is  so 
firm  and  solid  when  it  has  fnlly  hardened,  that 
its  strength  la  about  equal  to  that  of  the  tile. 
The  arches  are  either  cylindrical  or  domed,  and 
in  either  caae  weigh  but  little  more  than 
half  the  weight  of  brick  arches  aa  ordinarily 
conatructed.  The  principal  saving,  however, 
is  the  reduced  number  of  beams  used,  owing  to 
the  considerably  greater  span  which  may  be 
made  with  the  tile  arch. 


A  Good  Idea. — The  Boston  Transcript  con- 
cludea  that  it  would  be  a  good^  thing  if  the 
the  names  of  architects  were  conapicuouHly  dis- 
played on  buildings  they  had  planned,  as  "  it 
would  save  so  much  time  to  persons  who  pur- 
pose building,  in  making  up  a  list  of  architeota 
to  be  avoided."    It  isn't  a  bad  idea. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Mar.  22,  1890 


The  Mulatos  Mine. 


A.  T.  DKWEY.  W.  E.  KWEE, 

DEWEY  &  CO.,  PnbllslierB. 


Oft.e,  220  Market  St.,  N.  E.  cor.  Front  St.,S.F, 
tr  Take  the  Elevator,  No.  IS  Front  St.^V^ 


W.  B.  EWER. Sbnior  Editor 


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Address  all  literary  and  business  correspondence 
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SAN    FRANCISCO: 

Saturday,   March   22,    1890. 


TABLE  OF  CONTENTS. 


ILLUSTBATIONS-— Panorama  from  Point  Sublime 
in  the  Grand  Canyon  of  the  Colorado;  The  Roney  Me- 
chanical Stoker  Applied  to  250-H.  P  Babcock  and  Wil- 
cox Boiler,  197;  At  the  Breast  of  the  Red  Point  Driit 
Mine;  Tabular  Sections  of  Strata,  Showing  Advantage- 
ous and  Disadvantaceoua  Arrangements  of  Wei  Ig,  205. 

BiJlTOKlAJ-ia.— The  Colorado  Canyon,  197;  Phas- 
ing Events;  The  Roney  Mechanical  Stoker;  The  Mulatos 
Mine;  The  Foundry  Strike;  Iron  Abroad  and  at  the 
East,  204  Artesian  Wells;  la  a  Drift  Mine;  Work- 
ing Gold  Ores  Dry,  205. 

OOBHESPONDWNOB.— "God  Hath  a  Place  Where 
They  Fine  It,"  198. 

MISCELLANliiOCrS.— Need  and  Help;  California 
Woolen  Manufacturing;  British  Columbia" Mines;  Cowt 
Industrial  Notes;  Builiing  Statist'cs;  Dr.  Parry  Gone; 
Shflika  in  the  Adriatic;  The  Wealth  of  Nations,  198; 
A  New  Use  for  Granite;  A  Kern  County  Garden;  New 
and  Smokeless  Fuel-Saving  Process,  199 

MECHANICAL.  PROGRESS.  —  The  Rapidly 
Growing  Uses  of  Wire;  The  Welding  of  Iron  and 
Nickel;  Wear  of  Ties;  A  New  Machioe  for  Cuttinglron; 
Compound  Locomotives;  Cooling  Steel  to  Soften  It; 
Chromium  Steel  for  Aimor  Plates;  New  Process  for 
Working  Steel;  Miscellaneous,  202- 

SCIENTIFIC  PROQRESta.— Extraction  of  Oxy- 
gen from  the  Atmosphere;  lixtermi nation  of  Americin 
Animals;  About  Fish  as  Food;  Ths  Clouds  at  Night; 
A  Substitute  for  Oak  B»rk  in  Tanning;  The  Cause  of 
Subway  Explosions;  Ingenious  Clock;  The  Phonograph 
as  a  Teacher,  202. 

GOOD  HBAIjTH.— Health  of  the  State;  The  Adul- 
teration of  Confectionery;  Made  It  Pay;  Dandruff,  203- 

DSEFDL.  INFORMATION.— A"  New  and  Cheap 
Bioding  Twine;  Failure  of ''Smokeless  Powder  ;"  Jajv- 
anese  Clocks;  A  Silken  Fiber  from  the  Banana  Plant; 
Petroleum  Brickg;  The  Goose  *iuill  versus  the  Steel 
Pen,  333- 

BLiECrKlCITY.— Progress  and  Electrical  Industry; 
Electric  Shooting;  A  Novel  Appbcation  of  Electricity; 
Congressional  investigation,  203 

THbl  BU'LDER.—A  First  Principle  of  Bridge  Build- 
ing; Freoi-b  Process  for  Hardening  Plaster;  Steel 
Houses  Next;  A  Spanish  Fireproof  Floor;  A,  Good 
Idea,  203. 

MINiNU  NUMMARY— From  the  various  coxmties 
of  California,  Nevada,  Arizona,  Colorado,  Idaho,  Mon- 
tana, Ne^v Mexico,  Oretron,  Utah,  Wyoming,  200-201. 

MINING  STOCK  MARKET-— Sales  at  the  san 
Francisco  Stock  Board,  Notices  of  Meetinea,  Assess- 
»nenta   T^iWdflnda.  and  Bullion  Shipments.  208 

MARKET  REPORTS.— Local  Markets,  Eastern 
Metal  Markets,  208. 


Business  Aimouncements. 

fNKW  Tina  ISSUE.] 
Quartz  Stamp  Mill — James  Day,  Chico. 
Platinum — H.  M,  Raynor,  New  York. 
Millman  and  Aesayer — A.  H,,  Sao  Francisco. 

JWSec  Advertising  Columns. 


Passing   Events. 

The  trouble  between  the  foundrymen  and 
the  molders  in  San  Francisco  still  continnes. 
The  men  brought  from  the  Eist  joined  the 
strikers  soon  after  their  arrival,  but  others  are 
on  the  way.  The  foundrymen  are  convinced 
by  experience  that  they  cannot  continue  to 
operate  their  shops  under  the  conditions  de- 
manded by  the  moldera.  The  strike  may  last 
for  months  to  come. 

Many  of  the  mines  in  this  State  have  all  they 
can  do  at  present  to  handle  the  seepage  water 
and  are  doing  little  toward  ore  extraction.  The 
ground  is  soaked  full  of  water  which  flows  into 
the  mines,  entailing  great  expense  for  pumping. 

The  storm  of  this  week  was  felt  all  over  the 
central  and  northern  portions  of  the  State,  and 
more  snow  has  fallen  in  the  Sierras,  materially 
adding  to  an  already  great  accumulation. 

The  developments  in  the  suit  concerning  the 
Malatoa  mine,  referred  to  elsewhere,  will  be 
looked  for  with  interest  by  mining  men,  as  the 
**  operators"  are  well  known  throughout  the 
State. 


In  September  last  the  Mulatos  mine  in  So* 
nora,  Mexico,  was  sold  to  a  syndicate  of  L^n. 
don  and  San  Francisco  capitalists  by  the 
Aguayo  Bros.,  the  Mexioan  owners,  Alvinzi 
Hayward  of  this  city  aoting  for  the  purchas- 
ers, he  being  one  of  them..  The  price  paid  was 
gl, 575,000,  of  which  3875.000  was  in  cash. 
This  week  an  action  was  commenced  by  the 
Oro  Grande  Co.  (the  incorporated  name)  for  a 
reciaion  of  the  contract  of  sale,  the  plaintiffs  de- 
siring to  return  the  property  and  regain  their 
money.  The  plaintiffs  allege  in  their  complaint 
that  the  samples  of  ore  given  by  the  owners  or 
their  agents  to  the  purchasers  had  been  tam- 
pered with,  or,  in  the  familiar  phrase  of  the 
miner,  had  been  "  salted,"  and  that  they  had 
in  consequence  been  swindled.  The  complaint 
also  prays  for  an  injunction  restraining  the  de 
fendants  from  disposing  of  any  of  the  money  or 
securities  turned  over  to  them. 

It  is  stated  that  Alexia  Janin  and  D.  B.  G-il* 
lette  reported  on  the  mine,  but  the  samples 
were  "  salted"  on  them.  Mr.  Janin,  in  a  card, 
explains  that  he  examined  the  mine  for  other 
parties  two  years  ago  and  reported  the  average 
yield  as  §5  per  ton,  and  advised  sampling  by 
millran  and  not  assays.  Mr.  Janin'a  report 
was  to  Smith  and  De  Crano  and  not  to  Hay- 
ward  and  Hobart,  and  his  principals  declined 
to  purchase,  since  which  time  be  has  had  noth- 
ing to  do  with  the  matter. 

Mr.  Gillette  was  wellf  qaipped  to  sample  and 
assay,  and  it  is  hardly  probable  that  any  *'  salt- 
ing "  would  have  deceived  him,  either. 

It  seems  the  Aguayo  Bros,  left  a  good  deal  of 
their  money  here  with  their  agent,  W.  Loaiza, 
which  seems  strange  if  they  had  perpetrated  a 
swindle.  In  fact  there  have  been  several  at- 
tempts to  sell  this  Mulatos  mine,  and  there  are 
several  expert  reports  extant,  so  Its  value  ought 
to  be  as  well  known  as  any  mine  in  Mexico. 
That  Messrs.  Hayward  and  Hobart,  two  of  the 
most  experienced  mine  operators  here,  shonld 
have  been  awiodled  on  a  mining  proposition,  is 
very  remarkable.  Their  man  Montgomery, 
who  is  at  the  mine  now,  did  not  go  before  they 
purchased,  neither  did  either  of  the  gentlemen 
named  visit  the  mine  in  person,  as  ia  their 
custom  when  making  such  a  purchase. 

The  prominence  of  the  purchasers  and  the 
experts,  the  sums  paid  and  the  notoriety  of  the 
mine,  make  this  a  very  interesting  case,  and  the 
legal  developments  will  be  awaited  with  in- 
terest. Without  knowing  any  of  the  details, 
the  opinion  is  expressed  by  some  that  perhaps 
the  purchasers  expected  to  make  a  "  London 
deal,"  in  which  they  failed,  and  now  want  to 
drop  a  bad  bargain. 


natural  result,  yet  thia  will  be  offset  by  an  en- 
larged demand,  for  present  advices  indicate 
that  the  consumption  in  this  country  thia  year 
will  be  larger  than  for  any  preceding  year. 
This  is  baaed  on  the  growing  reqnirements  for 
more  railroads  in  the  Sonthern  and  Sonth- 
western  States,  the  building  of  war  vessels  and 
also  extensive  improvements  in  many  seotiona, 
which  will  require  large  quantities  of  iron. 


Iron  Abroad  and  at  the  East. 

Since  the  commenccmdnt  of  the  year  there 
has  been  quite  a  fall  in  the  price  of  iron  in 
Eagland  and  alao  at  the  East.  To  those  who 
bad  closely  watched  the  advance,  the  decline 
has  been  no  surprise;  the  only  surprise  was  that 
prices  abroad  went  as  high  as  they  did.  The 
causes  which  led  to  advance  were  largely  re> 
duced  stocks,  many  furnaces  out  of  blast,  and 
an  enlarged  demand  for  iron  ships.  This 
naturally  brought  into  the  field  speculators, 
who  ran  up  Scotch  warrants  to  unwarrantable 
figures,  which  had  a  direct  bearing  on  pig  iron, 
for  large  consumers  rushed  into  the  market  to 
anticipate  their  wants,  and  thia  buying  precip- 
itated the  advances.  The  decline  of  the  market 
is  from  natural  causes,  and  briefly  stated  are  a 
close  money  market,  consumers  holding  off  and 
shipowners  not  placing  any  further  orders,  pre- 
ferring to  await  a  lower  range  of  values  for 
iron,  which  they  thought  inevitable  owing  to 
more  furnaces  having  gone  into  blast.  With 
more  furnaces  in  blast  the  stock  of  iron  wonld 
soon  gain  on  the  conaumption. 

In  the  Eastern  States  the  market  moved  np 
in  sympathy  with  the  advance  abroad,  but 
with  better  prices  more  furnacea  went  into 
blast.  On  June  1,  1S89,  there  were  283  fur- 
naces in  blaat,  with  a  weekly  capacity  of  137,- 
119  tons,  and  on  March  1,  1890,  there  were  343 
furnaces  in  blast,  ha'ving  a  weekly  capacity  of 
180,991  tona.  The  furnaces  in  blast  have  not 
only  increased  in  numbers  but  more  are  to  fol- 
low. In  the  number  of  new  furnaces  blown  in, 
the  Southern  States  are  largely  represented, 
particularly  Weat  Virginia,  Alabama,  and 
Tennessee, 

With  an  enlarged  output,  lower  prices  are  a 


The  Roney  Mechanical  Stoker. 

The  Roney  mechanical  stoker  (shown  in  the 
cut  as  applied  to  a  Babcock  and  Wilcox 
boiler)  ia  a  simple  apparatus,  which,  when  at- 
tached to  ateam  boilers,  receives  the  fuel  in 
bulk,  and  thereafter,  without  further  handling, 
feeds  it  continuously  and  at  any  desired  rate  to 
the  furnace;  burns  the  combustible  portion  and 
deposits  the  ash  and  cinder  in  the  ash-pit  ready 
for  removal. 

The  fuel  to  be  burned  ia  dumped  into  the 
hopper  on  the  boiler-front.  In  small  planta,  it 
may  be  shoveled  in  by  hand.  In  large  plants, 
it  is  uanally  handled  direct  from  the  car  to  the 
hopper  by  elevators  and  conveyors.  Set  in  the 
lower  part  of  the  hopper  is  a  pusher  to  which 
is  attached  by  a  flexible  connection  the  feed- 
plate  forming  the  bottom  of  the  hopper.  The 
pusher,  by  a  vibratory  motion,  carrying  with 
it  the  feed-plate,  gradually  forces  the  fuel  on 
to  the  grates  over  the  dead  plate.  These 
gratea  consist  of  horizontal  flat-surfaced  bars 
running  from  aide  to  aide  of  the  furnace,  car. 
ried  on  inclined  side-bearers  extending  from  the 
throat  of  the  hopper  to  the  rear  and  bottom  of 
the  ash-pit.  The  gratea,  therefore,  in  their 
normal  condition  form  a  series  of  steps,  on  to 
the  top  step  of  which  coal  ia  fed  from  the  dead 
plate.  These  steps  at  the  inclination  given 
wonld,  however,  prevent  the  free  descent  of 
the  coal.  But  each  bar  rests  in  a  concaTe  seat 
in  the  bearer  and  ia  capable  of  a  rocking  mo- 
tion through  an  adjustable  angle.  All  the 
grate-bars  are  coupled  together  by  a  rooker- 
bar,  the  notches  of  which  engage  with  a  lug  on 
the  lower  rib  of  each  grate-bar,  pin  connec- 
tions being  made  with  two  of  the  grate-bars 
only,  for  the  purpose  of  holding  the  rocker-bar 
in  position.  A  variable  back-and-fortb  motion 
being  given  to  the  rocker-bar,  through  a  con- 
necting rod  by  a  device  to  be  hereafter  de- 
scribed, the  grate-bars  necessarily  rook  in 
anison,  now  forming  a  series  of  steps  and  now 
approximating  to  an  inclined  plane  with  the 
grates  partly  overlapping  like  the  ahlnglea  on  a 
roof. 

Assuming  the  grates  to  be  covered  by  a  bed 
of  coal,  and  fresh  fuel  bding  fed  in  at  the  top, 
it  is  obvious  that  when  the  gratea  rock  forward 
the  fire  will  tend  to  work  down  in  a  body.  Bat 
before  the  coal  can  move  too  far,  the  bars  rock 
back  to  the  stepped  position,  checking  the 
downward  motion,  breaking  up  the  cake  thor- 
oughly over  the  whole  surface  and  admitting  a 
free  volume  of  air  through  the  fire.  The  rock- 
ing motion  is  slow,  being  from  seven  to  ten 
strokes  per  minute,  according  to  the  grade  of  the 
coal.  This  alternate  starting  and  checking 
motion  being  continuous,  keeps  the  fire  con 
atantly  stirred  and  broken  up  from  underneathj 
and  finally  lands  the  cinder  and  ash  on  the 
dumping-grate  below.  By  releasing  the  dump- 
ing-rod, the  dumping-grate  tilts  forward,  throW' 
ing  the  cioder  into  the  ash-pit,  after  which  it  ia 
again  closed  ready  for  further  operation.  The 
dumping-grate  is  made  in  two  parts,  so  that 
each  half  can  be  dumped  separately.  The 
operation  of  the  atoker,  therefore,  couBists  of  a 
alow  but  continuous  feed,  a  constant  stirring  of 
the  fire,  and  an  automatic  re j  action  of  the 
cinder,  all  performed  without  opening  the  fire 
doors. 

The  actuating  mechanism  is  simple.  All 
motion  is  taken  from  one  driving  shaft.  In  a 
single  stoker  this  shaft  may  either  be  driven 
through  a  worm  gear  from  a  small  engine  at- 
tached to  the  boiler  front  and  consuming  a 
hardly  measurable  fraction  of  a  horse-power,  or 
it  may  be  driven  by  a  link  belt  from  any  con- 
venient point  of  the  nearest  shaft.  In  large 
batteries  of  boilers  the  driving  shaft  is  ex- 
tended across  all  the  boiler  fronts,  delivering 
power  to  each  stoker,  and  with  the  elevators 
and  conveyors  ia  driven  by  a  small  independent 
engine.  The  largest  stoker  can  easily  be 
turned  over  by  hand,  indicating  the  nominal 
power  consumed.  The  worm  gear  shaft  carries 
a  disc  and  wrist  pin  from  which  a  link  couples 
to  the  agitator.    Through  the  eye  of  the  agi- 


tator passes  a  stud  screwed  into  the  pusher,  on 
which  Btnd  i8[a  feed-wheel  by  which  the  stroke 
of  the  pasher  and  consequently  the  amount  of 
feed  ia  regulated.  The  agitator  having  a  fixed 
stroke,  it  is  apparent  that  if  the  feed-wheel  ia 
run  down  against  it  the  pusher  will  be  given 
its  full  traverse  and  the  greatest  feed.  If  run 
back  to  clear  the  travel  of  the  agitator,  the 
pusher  will  of  course  have  no  motion  and  the 
feed  will  stop.  Between  these  extrenoiea  any 
desired  rate  of  feed  can  be  given. 

In  like  manner  the  rock  of  the  grate-bara 
can  be  adjusted  between  any  limiting  angles, 
and  over  a  range  of  motion  from  no  movement 
to  full  throw,  by  means  of  the  sheath  nut  and 
jam  nuts  on  the  oonnectlng  rod.  By  these  two 
simple  adjustments  within  the  comprehension 
of  the  ordinary  helper,  the  whole  action  of  the 
stoker  is  controlled  and  the  fires  forced,  checked 
or  banked  at  will.  There  are  poker  doors  in 
the  front  on  each  side  of  the  hopper,  through 
which  the  whole  grate  can  be  seen  and  the 
condition  of  the  cinder  on  the  dumping-grate 
determined.  A  gate  controlled  by  a  couple  of 
hand-wheels  shuts  off  the  hopper  from  the  fur- 
nace altogether  when  desired. 

This  is  a  very  simple  device  for  so  important 
a  purpose.  The  motion  is  very  alow,  and  any 
bar  can  be  picked  and  replaced  easier  than  in 
the  ordinary  flat  grate.  Although  the  cut 
shows  the  mechanical  stoker  applied  to  a 
Babcock  and  Wilcox  boiler,  it  can  be  applied 
to  those  of  any  kind.  A  number  of  these  de- 
vices have  been  put  in  use  here  in  San  Fran- 
cisco of  late  by  the  California  Eagineering  Oo. 
of  room  103  Bhelan  building. 


The  Foundry  Strike 

The  main  feaiurea  ot  ibe  foundry  strike  this 
week  have  been  the  arrival  of  a  epecial  train 
with  molders  from  the  Eaat,  and  the  subsequent 
desertion  of  most  of  them  from  the  foundries 
where  they  were  placed.  Fifty-four  men 
started  from  Philadelphia,  but  some  deserted 
on  the  way  and  46  arrived  and  were  taken  to 
the  foundries  where  they  were  to  work. 
Arrangements  had  been  made  for  the  men  to 
eat  and  sleep  at  the  works,  so  they  should  not 
be  intimidated  by  the  striking  molders.  Police- 
men and  guards  have  been  on  duty  at  the 
foundries  to  prevent  any  disorder,  but  no  vio- 
lence has  been  attempted.  Only  six  of  the  im- 
ported men  are  now  at  work,  the  others  having 
violated  their  contracts  and  joined  the  strikers. 
A  number  more  men  are  on  the  way,  however, 
being  brought  here  by  the  Foundrymen'a  Asso- 
ciation, who  had  anticipated  that  many  wonld 
desert.  If  they  keep  on  bringing  men,  they  will 
flood  the  town  with  moldera  that  the  Molders' 
Union  muat  support,  eend  back  or  permit  to 
work.  A  number  of  molding  machines  have 
also  been  sent  for  with  which  a  certain  class  of 
work  may   be  done. 

Contracts  have  been  let  East  for  about 
$200,000  worth  of  castings,  which  will  be  fin- 
ished here  to  fill  standing  contracts.  All  this 
ia  a  direct  loss  to  San  Francisco  mechanics. 

The  manufacturers  seem  a  unit  in  inaiating 
that  they  must  win  this  contest  if  they  intend 
to  continue  business;  otherwise  Eistern  compe- 
tition will  close  them  out.  If  they  cannot  se- 
cure molders  here  or  in  the  East  who  are  will- 
ing to  work,  they  must  discharge  the  pattern- 
makers, boiler-makera,  machinists,  helpers  and 
apprentices,  and  go  out  of  business.  The  Mold- 
ers' Uuion  is  a  powerful  organ'zation  and  haa 
practically  dictated  terms  for  years.  The  man- 
ufacturers have  chafed  over  the  situation,  see- 
ing business  go  away  from  their  doors  to 
cheaper  centers  of  labor,  but  have  been  unable 
to  prevent  it.  When  it  came  to  a  limitation  of 
work  in  addition  to  high  wages,  the  foundry- 
men  could  stand  it  no  longer.  Kow  that  the 
men  have  struck,  the  long-expected  fight  has 
commenced  and  may  last  for  months.  Two  or 
three  more  of  the  smaller  foundries  have  closed 
down  and  discharged  their  men.  The  large 
shops  are  all  working  under  difBculties,  but  are 
all  united  in  their  action,  and  fully  expect  to 
win  in  the  end. 


The  Gironx  Amalgamator  Co.  ask  from 
Baker  City,  Oregon,  a  subsidy  of  S'25,000  for 
the  erection  of  sampling  works  and  machine 
shops  at  that  place.  The  sum  of  $17,000  has 
been  subscribed,  and  the  whole  amount  assured. 
Baker  City  is  a  very  lively  mining  center  in 
these  days,  and  bids  fair  to  be  a  much  livelier 
one  as  the  rich  mines  which  surround  it  are  de* 
veloped. 


A 


Mar.  22,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


20  5 


Artesian  Wells. 

At  mentioDed  Id  last  week's  Pkkss,  the 
people  ol  OikUod,  diHatiatied  with  the  water 
farnlihed  by  the  loctl  oompany,  are  considering 
the  qaeatlon  of  arteeiau  sapply  for  dotneatic 
parpoaes.  For  aa  large  ft  city  aa  Oikland,  thia 
li  an  important  engineering  problem,  and  one 
requiring  careful  investigation.  It  will  not  do 
to  bore  wells  at  baphiztrd  wherever  is  most 
oonvenient,  nor  mnat  any  apeoitisd  area  or  aec- 
tion  ba  overtaxed  for  supply.  Competent  en- 
gineers ahould  study  np  the  whole  question  in 
detail  and  report  before  any  active  steps 
toward  general  work  are  taken. 

It  ia,  however,  by  no  means  unreasonable  to 
■appose  that  a  domestio  supply  can  be  ob- 
tained. There  are  already  many  auch  wells  in 
Oakland  and  other  parts  of  Alameda  county. 
They  are  not  flowing  wells,  bat  the  water 
oomes  up  very  close  to  the  surface.  Pipe  con- 
nections under  ground  below  the  water  level 
in  the  wells  would  cause  a  steady  flow  to  any 
given  point,  whence  the  water  could  be  lifted 
to  a  suitable  elevation  tor  necessary  pressjjire 
in  the  dwellings.  In  the  city  of  Memphis  tun- 
nels connect  the  wella  with  common  aumpa  or 
oisterns,  so  that  the  water  Adwr  to  these  points 
and  is  there  pumped  to  required  bights. 

Hy  thus  tapping  the  wells  below  the  bight  of 
natural  rise,  the  well  beoomes  a  flowing  one, 
the  amouot  depending,  of  coarse,  on  the  loca- 
tion and  richness  of  the  artesian  bed. 

Riverside,  in  this  S:ate,  has  its  water  sapply 
for  domestic  purposes  entirely  from  artesian 
wells,  a  separate  anpply  being  brought  in  for 
Irrigation.  There,  the  wells  fljw  above  the 
■urface  and  the  water  la  oondacted  to  an  aerating 


the  Press  we  had  occasion  to  refer  to  this  sub- 
ject and  here  reproduce  some  eketohes  bearing 
on  thia  point. 

Where  there  must  be  several  wells,  then  dis- 
tribution ia  a  matter  of  consequence.  The 
normal  direction  of  flow,  when  oooe  it  ia  set 
vp,  by  virtue  of  the  opening  of  an  avenue  of 
discharge,  is  along  a  line  drawn  from  the  out- 
cropping edge  of  the  bed  down  its  slope  to  the 
wells.     Now  it  is  clear  that  if  several  wells  are 


tical  considerations  limit  their  diapersion. 

Figs.  I  and  2  exhibit  tabular  sectlona  of 
atrata,  abovring  disadvantageous  arrangement 
of  wella.  Figs.  'A  and  4  are  tabular  sections, 
showing  proper  and  advantageous  arrangement 
of  wells. 

In  the  MiNisa  and  Scikntikic  Fuks^  of  Jan. 
20. h  and  Feb.  9;h,  ISS9,  were  published  articles 
on  "  The  Etquisite  and  Qjalifyin2  Conditions 
of  Artesian    Wells."     Nov.  9th,  16. h  and  23d, 


FioB.  1  and  2.— Tabular  Sections  ot  Strata,  Showing  Disadvantageous  Arrangements  of  Wolla. 


Fiaa.  3  aoJ  4.— Tabular  Sections  or  Strata,  Showinj;,'  Advantageous  ArranyemeutB  of  WcHs. 


arranged  along  thia  line,  the  first  one  will  be 
better  placed  than  those  which  stand  below  it. 
These  will  .be,  indeed,  measurably  supplied  by 
lateral  flsw  under  the  law  of  equal  pressare, 
but  less  direct  and  freely.  If  the  wella  are 
disDOsed  in  a  cluster,  those  on  the  exterior 
will  partially  cut  off  the  supply  of  the  interior 
wells.  A  more  fortunate  disposition  than 
either  of  theae  would  be  an  arrangement  in  a 
line  at  right  angles  to  the  direction  of  flow. 
A  still  more  advantageous  arrangement,  sub- 


we  presented  articles  by  C.  K.  Ornnsky,  C.  E., 

on  *'  Artesian    Wells   in   California.*'     In  IS7S 

and  1870  we  also  published   a  series  of  articles 

referring  in  detail  to   artesian   wells  in  various 

parts  of  this  State.     In  all   of  theae   are  very 

many  interesting  and  practical  facta  which  will 

be  found  useful  to  those  considering  the  subject 

of  artesian  wells, 
I  . . 


The   Kansas  City  smelting  men  are  arguing 
with  the   Congressional   Committee  in  favor  of 


AT    THE    BREAST    OF    THE    RED    POINT    DRIFT    MINE. 


basin  and  thence  to  the  city.  The  pipes  deliver 
3,600,000  gallons  a  day  for  domestic  service. 
The  two  systems,  domestic  and  irrigation,  are 
entirely  separate. 

In  the  boring  of  wella  on  a  large  area  such  aa 
may  be  considered  at  Oakland,  great  care  must 
be  taken  aa  to  taxing  the  available  supply  cf 
water  in  the  artesian  strata.  All  the  way  from 
Berkeley  to  San  Jose  wells  are  foand,  so  there 
is  no  fear  of  failure.  The  only  thing  is  to  do 
the  boring  systematically  and  properly,  having 
only  a  certain  number  of  wells  in  a  given  area, 
and  boring  them  with  proper  relation  to  eaob 
other.  There  is  a  proper  and  an  Improper  way 
of  locating  the  wells.    In  a  former  number  of 


jeot  to  local  modiflcatioo,  would  be  to  dispose 
the  wells  in  a  ouivsd  line,  convex  toward  the 
collecting  tract,  for  when  the  draft  of  the  wells 
has  made  itself  felt  upon  the  sheet  of  water 
flowing  most  directly  from  the  collecting  belt 
to  them,  the  higher  pressure  which  the  flank- 
ing portions  still  sufi'dr  will  cause  a  lateral  in- 
flow, and  the  curved  disposal  of  the  wells  will 
be  more  favorable  for  receiving  the  ingathering 
currents  than  a  rectilinear  arrangement,  being 
more  nearly  normal  to  the  resultant  pressure 
and  flowage. 

In  respect  to  the  degree  of  separation  the 
farther  they  are  apart  the  better,  for  they 
will  affect  eaoh  other  lese;  bat,  of  ooarsGi  prao- 


letting  Mexican  lead  ores  in  free.  The  lead** 
miners  of  this  country  are  violently  opposed  to 
this  idea,  for  the  custom  is  ruining  the  lead 
mining  industry,  whatever  it  may  be  doing  for 
the  smelters. 


Mr  E.  K.  Stevenot  says  the  mining  busi- 
ness about  Angels  Cimp,  Cirson  Hill  and 
Chaparral  Hill,  Calaveras  Co.,  is  very  prosper- 
ous, as  they  are  mining  on  business  principles 
and  handliog  ore  which  a  few  years  ago  was 
impossible.  There  will  be  a  good  deal  of 
wealth  taken  out  of  the  mines  situated  between 
the  Stanislaus  river  and  Angels  Camp,  and  new 
properties  are  being  developed  right  along. 


The  Colorado  Canyon. 

(Continuid  from  page  1U7  ) 
tudes  which  had  added  enormity  to  ooarsenees, 
now  become  replete  with  strength  and  majesty. 
The  observer  who  visits  the  commanding 
point  with  thf  expectation  of  experiencing  forth- 
with a  rapturous  ecstasy  will  be  disappointed, 
for  he  will  be  simply  bewildered. 

But  those  who  have  long  and  oarefully 
studied  this  grand  canyon  of  the  Colorado  river 
pronounce  it  by  far  the  moat  sublime  of  all 
earthly  spectacles.  If  its  sublimity  consisted 
only  in  its  dimensions,  it  would  be  sufficiently 
set  forth  in  a  single  sentence.  It  ia  more  than 
200  miles  long,  from  5  to  12  miles  wide,  and 
from  5000  to  6000  feet  deep.  The  common 
notion  of  a  canyon  is  a  deep,  narrow  gash 
in  the  earth  with  nearly  vertical  walla.  There 
are  hundreds  of  chasms  in  the  Colorado-river 
country  which  anawer  this  description.  Many 
are  frightfully  deep  and  50  to  100  miles  long. 
Some  are  exceedingly  narrow  where  the  over- 
hanging walls  abut  out  the  sky.  Yet  the 
chasm  of  the  Colorado  and  the  trenobes  in  its 
rocks,  which  answer  to  the  ordinary  descrip- 
tion of  a  canyon,  are  in  marked  contrast. 

The  engraving  on  the  first  page,  which  is  a 
reproduction  on  a  smaller  scale,  of  one  of  the 
plates  in  Dutton's  U.  S.  Geologioal  Survey  mo- 
nograph on  the  Grand  Canyon, shows  a  panorama 
from  Point  Sublime.  From  the  end  of  this  point 
the  distance  across  the  chasm  to  the  nearest 
point  on  the  summit  on  the  opposite  wall  ia 
about  seven  miles.  This  does  not,  however, 
fairly  express  the  width  of  the  chasm,  for  both 
walls  are  recessed  by  wide  amphitheaters  set- 
ting far  back  into  the  platform  of  the  country, 
and  the  promontories  are  comparatively  nar- 
row strips  between  them,  A  more  correct 
statement  of  the  general  width  would  be  from 
11  to  12  miles.  This  must  dispose  at  onoe  of 
the  idea  that  the  chasm  is  a  narrow  gorge  of 
immense  depth  and  simple  form. 

The  length  of  the  canyon  revealed  clearly 
and  in  detail  at  Point  Sublime  ia  about  25  miles 
in  eaoh  direction.  The  apace  under  immedi- 
ate view  from  our  standpoint,  50  miles  long 
and  10  to  12  wide,  is  thronged  with  a  great 
multitude  of  objects,  vast  in  size,  majestic  in 
form,  and  infinite  In  detail.  The  out  only  con- 
veys a  faint  impression  of  the  magnitude  of  the 
surroundings. 

In  a  Drift  Mine. 

We  give  on  thia  page  a  view  in  the  Rid 
Point  drift  mine,  Placer  county.  The  photo- 
graph was  taken  by  W.  C.  Ralston,  of  the 
Hogaback  mine,  with  a  flash  light.  The  view 
is  at  the  gravel-breast,  about  3000  feet  from 
the  mouth  of  the  tunnel,  and  shows  the  higbt 
of  the  aariferoaa  gravel  at  that  point.  The 
gravel  varies  from  three  to  seven  feet  in  bight. 
It  ia  rather  difficult  to  get  photographs  of  this 
sort  underground,  but  Mr.  Rilston  succeeded 
pretty  well  in  this  instance.  It  is  the  first  time 
we  have  been  able  to  obtain  underground  pict- 
ures in  the  drift  mines,  though  many  have 
been  made  in  the  quartz  mines.  We  shall 
shortly  reproduce  other  photographs  of  the 
drift-mining  section  of  Placer  county. 

TuE  ECLIP3E  Mine. — The  Ejlipse  mine  at 
Ophir,  Placer  county,  is  an  old  location  but  has 
laid  idle  some  years  for  lack  of  capital  for  ma- 
ohinery.  Recently  J.  B.  Patterson,  a  promi- 
nent resident  of  Placer  county,  obtained  an 
option  on  the  property,  and  auoceeded  in  plac- 
ing it  with  a  strong  Eastern  company  and  se* 
curing  the  necessary  capital  for  its  develop- 
ment. We  are  told  that  the  main  ledge  is  20 
feet  wide,  the  ore  running  §1S  in  free  gold,  ex- 
clusive of  Bulphurets.  There  is  ample  water- 
power,  and  there  is  now  in  course  of  erection  a 
20-stamp  mill,  the  machinery  for  which  has 
been  oompleted  in  this  city.  It  would  now  be 
in  operation  but  for  the  obstructions  to  trans- 
portation caused  by  bad  weather.  The  prop* 
erty  is  under  the  management  of  Mr.  Pat- 
terson, 

The  Rsno  reduction  works  were  jast  over- 
coming the  many  diificultiee  and  becoming  fairly 
proBperone,  when  destruction  by  fire  entails  a 
direct  loss  of  $50,000.  and  an  indirect  loss  of 
many  more  thousands  to  Ranoand  the  State  of 
Nevada  generally. 

The  Coreans  h^ve  some  good  silver,  gold  and 
copper  mines,  but  do  not  like  foreigners  to  be- 
come interested  in  them. 


206 


Mining  AND  Scientific  Press. 


[Mar.  22,  1890 


111  Bier  Scale  BfisM 


«S-Th!B  Resolvent  IS  NOT  AN  EXPERIMENT  but  a  FACT,  and  it  will  do  the  work 
claimed  for  it  at  a  LESS  EXPENSE  than  any  other  boiler  purge,  AND  IN  NO  MANNER 
INJURE    THE    IRON. 

CTARKHOIR   KR0THER9  ffl  UO.,  f  ROPRIETORS  OF   liDQAR    IHOMBON   STBBL 

WORKa  AT  Braddoch.  Oct.  4,  1&j7, 


Carnhgib  Brothers  &  Co.,  Proprietors  op  Edgar  Thomson  Stebl  Works,  ) 

Pittsburgh,  Pa.    Works  at  Braddock.  Oct.  4,  1&j7.     j 

We  use  the  Pittaturgh  "  Boiler  Scale  Resolvent,"  and  are  well  satisfied  with  the  results  obt-vined.     We  have 


tested  nearlj  all  Compouods  presented  to-us,  and  this  one  1b  tlie  only  £fooa  thing:  we  have  ever  used. 
Oui-  feed-water  is  heated  in  Berryman  Heateis,  but  owing  to  distance  of  beaters  from  boilers,  we  rarely  exceed  160 
degrees  of  heat  in  feed.water.  .  '  ,      ,    ,     ^        .,.  ,,  ^         ^        , 

Our  water  is  of  the  worst  character,  containing  such  bad  impunties  as  snlpnate  of  lime,  caroonate  oi 
lime,  mud,  and  everything  that  Is  bad.  Very^truljijours,  WM.  B.  JONES,  Gen.  Supt. 

No  water  in  the  United  States  produces  scale  in  greater  quantity  or  of  a  harder  nature  than 
the  Monongahela  River,  containing  SULPHATE  and  CARBONATE  of  lime,  iron,  MAGNESIA, 
SILICATE,  SULPHUR,  ALUMINUM,  etc.  The  following  well-known  manufacturers,  who 
are  large  steam  users  IN  PITTSBURGH,  and  using  the  water  from  said  river  as  boiler-feed  for 
all  their  boilers,  USE  THIS  RESOLVENT  in  their  steam  plant,  and  to  whom  reference  is  hereby 
made:  Carnegie  Brothers  &  Co.,  Proprietors  of  the  Edgar  Thomson  Steel  Works;  Dilworth, 
Porter  &  Co.'s  Spike  Works;  and  Oliver  and  Robert's  Wire  Co.;  and  many  other  firms  in  the 
great  manufacturing  center  WHERE  THE  RESOLVENT  IS  MADE.  Reference  is  also  given 
to  Robert  MoMahon,  Boiler  Inspector  for  Alleghany  Co.,  Penn.,  and  to  the  following  Railway 
Companies  who  use  it  on  their  locomotives:  Kansas  City,  Fort  Scott  &  Gulf  Railroad;  Central 
Iowa;  Mexican  Central;Delaware,Liokawanna&  Western;  Burlington,  Cedar  RipidsA  Northern, 
Terre  Haute  &  Indianapolis;  Mexican  National;  and  Denver  &  Rio  Grande  Western. 

Upon  receipt  of  order,  WITH  THE  PROMISE  OF  FAITHFULLY  CARRYING  OUT 
THE  PRINTED  DIRECTIONS,  we  will  furnish,  FOR  FIRST  INTRODUCTION,  a  Barrel, 
or  Half  Barrel,  of  the  Resolvent,  and  the  invoice  will  bear  the  following  stamp: 

f  TO  BE  PAID  FOR  WHEN  RESOLVENT  \ 
I  PROVES  ENTIRELY  SATISFACTORY.  J 


FOR  SALE  ONLY  BY 


TATUM    &    BOWEN 


Sole  Agents  for  the  Pacific  Coast, 

Dealers    in    Improved    Wood-Working    Machinery, 

Saw  Mill  MacMiery,  Engines,  EoUers,  Iroi-WorMii  MacMner?,  Supplies,  Etc, 


Sole  Agents  for  Hoe  Ohisel  Tooth  Saw,  Gardner  Governor, 

Schultz  Leather  Belting,  Etc. ,  Etc. 

34  &  36  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco.        85  Front  St.,  Portland,  Or. 

4^If  in  want  of  Machinery  of  any  description,  write  us  for  Descriptive  Circulars  and  Prices. 


BY    USING  

WATER  POWER  TRANSMITTED  BY  ELECTRICITY 

To  Run  your   Mills,   Hoists   and   Trams. 

For  Circalar  giving  particulars  send  to 


KEITH    ELECTRIC    CO. 


—  MANnFACTTIREKS  OF  — 


Apparatus  for  Electric  Light  and  Electric  Power 

OFFICE,  40  NEVADA  BLOCK, 

Factory,  Stevenson  St.,  bet.  First  and  Ecker,  SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 


IMPROVED  FORM  OF  HYDRAULIC  GIANTS. 


THE  ABOVE  CUT  ILLUSTRATES  THE  IMPROVED  FORM  OF  DOUErE- JOINTED  HY- 
DRAULIC GIANTS  which  we  manufacture.  We  guarantee  purchasers  of  this  form  of  Giants  against  all 
coats,  expenses  or  damages  which  may  arise  from  any  arlverse  suits  or  actions  at  law.  We  are  further  prepared  to 
furnish  Single-Jointed  Giants  when  required.  Prices,  discounts  and  Catalogues  of  our  specialties  of  Hy- 
draulic Mining  Machinery  sent  on  application. 

JOSHUA  HENDY  MACHINE  WORKS,  39  to  51  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco. 

DEWEY  &  CO.  {''=^g,^,ig,?,Ta!?bfi.^}  PATENT  AGENTS. 


JOSHUA  HENDY  MACHINE  WORKS, 

Nos.  39  to  51  FREMONT  STREET,  SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 


HENDY"  IMPBOVBD  "  CHALLENGE "  ORB  FEEDER. 


The  best  form  of  Feeder  ever  devised,  and  pronounced  by  reputable  mining  men  to  be  tar 
superior  to  any  form  of  "Roller"  Feeder  manufactured.     We  refer  to  the  follow- 
ing gentlemen  who  have  furnished  ua  with  testimonial  letters  to  the 
above  eflfect,  which  can  be  seen  at  our  o£&ce,   viz.: 


tl.  W.  Crocker,  Supt.  Bunker  Hill  Gold  Min- 
ing Co.,  Amador  City,  Gal. 
W,  G.  Roberts,  Greenwood,  El  Dorado  Co.,  Cal. 


D.  0.  WiCKHAM,  Taylor  Mine,  Greenwood,  Cal. 
J.  R.  Trebloan,  Supt.  South  Spring  Hill  Gold 
Mining  Co.,  Amador  City,  Cal. 


%VE   ARE   MANTJFACTDRERS  OE  THE 


"CHALLENGE,"   STANFORD,"  '  TULLOCK,»  &  'ROLLER"  FEEDERS, 

And  will  fomiBh  descriptive  Catalogues  and  quote  prices  upon  appUoation. 


FRISBEE  WET  MILL. 

This  Mill,  with  a  weight  of  less  than  9000  pounds, 

has  a  capacity  of  three  tons  per  hour  of  hard 

quartz  to  40  mesh;  has  been  thoroughly 

tested ;  we  guarantee  its  work  as 

represented,  and  we  will  give 

long  time   trial. 


IT    HAS  NO  MORE  WEARING  PARTS  THAN  CORNISH  ROLLS 

And  renewals  will  not  cost  over  one-half  as  much  as  for  stamps.  Will  run  empty,  or  with  small 
amount  of  ore  without  injury.  The  attention  of  parties  having  Cement  Gravel  is  called  to  this 
Mill,  as  it  will  run  100  tons  per  day  to  No.  8  mesh;  30  to  35  H.  P. 

OUR  DRY  MILLS  are   the   most   economical  ever   built,  and   are   extensively  used  with 
record  of  several  years.    No  grinding  in  nans.    Mill  finishes  to  any  fineness  desired. 

FRISBEE-LUCOP  MILL  COMPANY. 

GIDEON  FRISBEE,  Manager,        -        -       59  &  61  First  Street,  San  Franciico 
HOOKER  &  LAWRENCE,  Gen'i  Ag'ti,  145  Broadway,  New  York. 


Mab.  22,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


207 


AMALGAMATING  MACHIHERY. 

stamp  Mills  tor  Wet  or  Dry  Crushing. 
Huntington  Cenlrllugal  Quartz  Mill.  Or)lng 
Crilndert.  Amalgamating  Pans,  Settlers, 
Agitators  and  Concentrators.  Retorts,  Bul- 
lion and  Ingot Moulils.Conve)Ors.  Elevators, 
Bruckners  and  HoMell's  Improved  White's 
Roasting  Etc.  ^i^BHlHII^H^^H^H^B^HHBBl 

IMPROVED  CORLISS  va^^v^eIVIIn.   ENGINES. 


FRASER  &  CHALMERS, 

MINING  MACHINERY 


CONCENTRATING  MACHINERY. 


BOILERS 


Blake.  Dodge  and  Comet  Crushers,  Cornish 
Crushing  and  Finishing  Rolls.  Hartz  Plunger 
and  Collom  Jigs.  Frue  Vanner  &  Embrey 
Concentrators,  Evans*.  Calumet,  Collom's 
and  Ritlonger's  Slime  Tables.  Trommels. 
Wire  Cloth  and  Punched  Plates.  Ore  Sam- 
ple  Grinders  and  Heberle  Mills.  | 


HORIZONTAL.    VERTICAL 
.  .  .  AHD   SECTIONAi 


xivci^x^oTriEO   sTESAivi:   &tm^viie:ip'& 


Hoisting  Engines, 
Safety  Cages, 

Safety  Hooks, 

Ore  CARS,  Water&Ore 
BUCKETS, 

Air  Compressors, 

Rock  Drills,  Etc. 

GENERAL  MILL  AND 
MINING  SUPPLIES,  ETC. 
Sectional  Machinery 

MULE-BACK 

TRANSPORTATION. 


Pumping  Engmes 

and  Cornish 

Pumping  Machinery, 

IMPROVED 
WATER    JACKET 

Blast  Furnaces  for    j 
Qalena&CopperOres, 

SLAG  CARS  AND  POTS, 

Roots  &  Baker 
Pressure  Blowers,    ! 

■;^,    SUSPENDED 

TRAMWAYS. 


General  Offices  and  Works:     FULTON  AND  UNION  STS.,  CHICAGO,   iLL. 


BRANCH  OFFICES; 


NEW  YORK,  Room  43,  No.  2  Wall  St.        DENVER,  COLO.,  1316  Eighteenth  St.       SALT  LAKE  CITY,  UTAH, 
7  W.  Second  South   St.       LONDON,  ENC,  23   Bucklersbury,  E.   C.       CHIHUAHUA   CITY,    MEXICO,  No,  I  I 
Calls  de  Juarez.        LIMA,  PERU,  South  America.       JOHANNESBURG,  TRANSVAAL,  South  Africa. 

SOLB     WESTERN    AGENTS     FOB    TYLER    WIRE    WORKS    DODBLE    ORIMPWD    MINING    CLOTHS. 


THE     PELTON     T^ATER     'WHEEL 

GIVES    THE    HIGHEST    EFFICIENCY    OF    ANY     WHEEL    IN     THE    WORLD. 


^^^^^^V^tERING 


OVER  800  ALREADY  IN  USE. 

AfifordB  the  Most  Simple  and  Reliable  Power  for  all 
Mining   and   Manufactntiag   Machinery. 

Adapted  to  heads  running  from  20  up  to  2,000  feet. 

From  12  to  20  per  cent  better  resulte  guaranteed  than 
can  be  produced  from  any  other  Wheel  in  the  Country. 

ELECTRIC  TRANSMISSION. 

Power  rom  these  Wheels  can  be  transmitted  long 
distances  with  small  loes,  and  ia  now  extensively  used  in 
all  parts  of  the  country  for  generating  both  power  and 
light. 

APPLICATIONS 

Should  state  amount,  and  head  of  water,  power  required, 
and  for  what  purpose  ;  with  approximate  length  of  pipe; 
also,  whether  the  application  is  with  reference  to  Wheels 
or  Motors  described  below.     SEND  FOR  CIRCULARS. 

The  Pelton  Water  Wheel  Co. 

121  MAIN  ST.,  SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 


I^      "Vir.A.TESJFl.       ]Vfl:c:>TOI=l.S- 


Varying  from  the  fraction  of  1  up  to  15  and  20-hor8e  power.     Uneqnaled   for   all   light-running   machinery.     Warranted  to  develop  a  given 
amouDt  of  power  with  one-half  the  water  required  by  any  other,     i^"  SEND  FOR  MOTOR  CIRCULAR.     ADDRESS  AS  ABOVE.  "^ 


JAMES    LBFFEL'S 

Mining  Turbine  Water  Wheel. 

These  Wheels  are  designed  for  all  purposes  where  limited  quantities  of  water  and 
hig;h  heads  are  utilized,  and  are  guaranteed  to  give  more  power  with  less  water  than 
any  other  wheel  made.  Beiner  placed  on  horizontal  shaft,  the  power  ia  traDsmitted 
direct  to  shafting  by  belts,  dispensing  with  gearing. 

Estimates  furnished  on  applicatioD  for  wheels  specially  built  and  adapted  in 
capacity  to  suit  any  particular  case. 

Further  information  can  be  obtained  of  this  form  of  construction,  as  well  as  the 
ordinary  Vertical  Turbines  for  Wooden  Penstocks  and  in  Iron  Qlobe  Cases,  free  of  cost, 
by  applying  to  the  manufacturers. 


JAMES 
Springfield,  Ohio, 


LEFFEL    &    CO.. 

or  110  Liberty  St.,  New  York. 


FRASER    &    OHALMERS,  General  Agents, 

Ohicaeo,  111.,  and  Denver,  Col. 

PARKB    St   LACY,  General  Agents,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


CALIFORNIA    IRON  YARD. 

HENRY  J.  ROGERS  &  CO. 

Successors  to  CHAS.  CALLAHAN 

IMPOitTBRS   AND  DEALBB8   IN 

CAST  and  WROUGHT  IRON  SCRAP 

SECOND-HAND     BOILERS 

AND  OLD  MACHINERY 

Of  every  deeoription. 

Tie  Higlest  Price  pall  for  all  Boils  ol  Metals. 

Offiob  and  Yard:     128  and  130  FoIboiu  St.,S.  F 
Telephone  No.  67. 


Should  consult 
DEWEY  &  00. 

Am  E  RICAM 


California  Inventors 

AND  Foreign  Patent  Solioitoks,  for  obtaining  PatentB 
and  Caveats.  Eataliliehed  in  1860.  Their  long  experience  as 
Joumaliata  and  large  practice  as  Patent  attorneys  enables 
them  to  offer  Pacific  Coast  Inventors  far  better  service  'han 
they  can  obtain  elaowhere.  Send  for  free  circulars  of  infor- 
mation. Oflioe  of  the  Mining  and  SoiENTirio  Press  aud 
rAOUia  BuRAX  FrbsSi  1^0.  220  Uarke  Bt„fiui  Tranalsoo. 
Kiev  •tor,  II  Viomi  Bt 


THOMAS  PRICE  &  SON, 

Assay  OflQce,  Chemical  Laboratory, 

BULLION  ROOMS  and  ORE  FLOORS, 

524  Sacramento  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

COIN  RETURNS  ON  ALL  BULLION  DEPOSITS  IN  24  HOURS. 

WORKING    TESTS    OF    ORES    BY    ALL    PROCESSES. 

SPECIAL  ATTENTION  PAID  TO  CONCENTRATION  OF  ORES. 
Ores  Received  on  Oonsignment,  Sampled,  Assayed,  and  Disposed 
Of  in  the  Open  Market  to  the  Highest  Bidder. 


ffletallljrgy  and  Ore3. 


SELBY 

SMELTING  and  LEAD  CO.. 

416  Kontgomer;  St.,  San  Francisco. 

GOLD    AND    SILVER    REFINERY 
And  Assay  Office. 

Highest  Prices  Paid  for  Gold,  Silver  and 
Lead  Ores  and  Sulpburets. 

MANUTACrruRWUl  OP 

BLUESTONE, 

LEAD  PIPE, 

SHEET  LEAD, 

SHOT,  Etc.,  Etc, 

ALSO   MANlIKAOTUKKKii     OP 

Standard    Shot-Gun    Cartridges, 

Under  CbamberliD  Patent 


JOHN  TAYLOR  &  CO.. 

IMP0RTKR8   AND   DBALHR8   IN 

ASSAYERS'    MATERIALS,     MINE 
AND  MILL  SUPPLIES, 

ALSO  CHEMICALS.    AND    PHYSICAL,  SCHOOL    AND 

CHEMICAL  APPARATUS. 
63  &  65  First  St.»  cor.  Mission,  San  Franolflco. 
^y-~^      We  vFOUld  call  the  attention  of  ^^;:::=:=:::^z:^ 
j      Assayers,  Chemists,  Mining  Com-  <^^^^j^?7 
panies,  Milling  Companies,  Proa-  ^WtepsE^' 
pectors,  etc.,  to  our  full  stock  of     \=r—-r^ 
Balances,  Furnaces,    Muffles,  Crucibles,    Soori- 
Qers,    etc,   iuoluding,   also,  a   full    stock    of 
Chemicals. 

Having  been  engaged  in  furnishing  these  sup- 
plies sinoi  the  first  discovery  of  mines  on  the 
Pacific  Coast,  we  feel  confident  from  our  experi- 
ence we  can  well  suit  the  demand  for  these 
goods,  both  as  to  quality  and  price. 

Agents  for  the  Morgan  Crucible  Co.» 
Battereea,  England.  Also  for  E.  O.  Dennis- 
ton's  Silver  Plated  Amalgam  Plates.  The  plates 
of  this  well-known  manufacturer  are  thoroughly  relia- 
ble, and  full  weight  of  Silver  guaranteed.  Ordeis  taken 
at  his  lowest  prices.  Our  Illustrated  Catalogue  and  As 
say  Tables  sent  free  on  application, 

JOHN  TAYLOR  A  OO. 


Nevada  Metallurgical  Works. 

NO.  23  STEVENSON  STREET, 

Near  First  and  Market  Streets,  S.  ?. 

C  A.  LnOKHARDT,  Manager.  EIstablishbd  ISN 

Ores  worked  by  any  Frooeee. 

Ores  Sampledc 

Assaying  In  all  its  Branches, 

Analyses  of  Ores,  Minerals,  Waters,  eto. 

Working  Tests  (practical)  Made. 

Plans   and   Specifications   furnlBhed   for  tiie 
most  suitable  Process  for  Working  Ores. 

Special  attention   paid    to   Examinstione   of 
Mines;  Flans  and  Reports  furnished, 

O.  A.  liUCKHARDT  &  OO., 
(Formerly  Huhn  &  Luokhardt, 

Minliur  EnerlneerB  and  Metallursrlsts 


GREAT     REDUCTION! 

BATTERY    SCREENS. 

Best  and  Cheapest  In  America. 

No  imitation,  do  deception,  no  planished  or  rotten 
Iron  used.  Only  genuine  Kuasia  iron  In  Quartz  Screens. 
Planished  iron  screens  at  nearly  half  my  former  rates. 

I  ha\e  a  large  supply  of  Battery  Screens  on  hand 
suitable  for  the  Huntiugtoo  and  all  Stamp  Mills,  which  I 
will  sell  at  20  per  cent  discount. 


PERFORATED  SHEET  METAL 

For  Flour  and  Rice  Mills,  Grain  Separators,  Revolving 
and  Shot  Screens,  Stamp  Batteries  and  all  kinds  of  Min 
ing  and  Milling  Machinery.  Iron,  Steel,  Copper,  Brass. 
Zinc  and  other  raetalR  punched  for  all  uses. 

Inventor  and  Manufacturer  of  the  celebrated  Slot  Cut 
or  burred  and  Slot  Punched  Screens. 

Mining  Screens  a  specialty,  from  No.  1  to  15  (finej. 
Orders  promptly  attended  to. 

San  Francisco  Pioneer  Screen  Works, 


221  &  233  First  St., 


San  Francisco,  Cal. 


JOHN  W.  QUICK.  Proprietor. 


WINCHESTER  HOUSE. 


41  Third  Street, 


San  Francisco,  Cal, 


ThiB  Fire  proof  Briok  Buildinf,'  is  centrally  located,  in 
the  healthiest  part  of  the  city,  only  a  half  block  from  the 
Grand  and  Palace  Hotels,  and  close  to  all  Steamboat  and 
Kailroad  Othces. 

Laundry  Free  for  the  use  of  Families. 


HOT  AND  COI.D  BATHS  FREE. 


Terms,  Board  and  Room,  $1.00  per  Day 

And  Upward. 

Booms  with  or  without  Board, 

Free  Coach  to  the  Hoas«, 


208 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Mab.  22,  1890 


II]af^ket  J^epofjts. 


Local  Markets. 

San  Francisco.  March  20,  1890. 
General  trade  the  past  week  was  active,  with  a  de- 
cided increase  in  the  volume  of  goods  going  out  on 
orders.  The  iron-molders'  strike  continues  to  be  a 
drawback  among  foundrymen  and  machine  fac- 
tories. It  now  looks  as  if  the  disagreement  will  not 
be  settled  soon.  So  far  as  we  can  learn,  the  feeling 
in  the  community  is  against  the  strikers,  for  with 
labor  and  raw  material  cheap  at  the  East,  and  over- 
land freights  to  this  coast  considerably  lower  than 
a  few  years  ago,  foundrymen  and  machine  factories 
must  either  get  cheaper  labor  or  cheaper  raw  mate- 
rial, or  "  shut  up  shop."  Cheap  raw  material  with 
the  import  duties  so  high  is  out  of  the  question. 

The  raoijey  market  continues  to  gain  in  ease 
under  free  remittances  for  the  time  of  the  year; 
while  the  demand  for  funds  is  only  fair,  not  up  to 
what  usually  obtains  in  this  month, 

QUICKSILVER — Receipts  the  past  week  aggre- 
gate 549  flasks.  The  exports  by  overland  railroad 
in  last  month  aggregated  27,000  pounds.  The  mar- 
ket continues  to  rule  very  strong.  Both  the  Euro- 
pean and  Eastern  markets  are  reported  strong. 

The  exports  hence  by  sea  the  past  week  aggregated 
as  follows:  28  flasks  to  Central  America  and  215 
fidsks  to  Mexico. 

SILVER— The  market  abroad  and  at  the  East 
strengthened  and  then  set  back  again.  The  quick 
moves  indicate  that  silver  is  under  speculative  influ- 
ences. Political  affairs  in  Germany,  with  their  in- 
fluences on  other  European  countries,  may  possibly 
have  considerable  bearing  on  the  market.  The  res- 
ignation of  Prince  Bismarck,  as  Chancellor  of  Ger- 
many, is  taken  by  some  as  favorable  to  silver.  This 
opinion  is  grounded  on  the  fact  that  through  Bis- 
marck's influence  Germany  demonetized  silver,  and 
that  the  new  Chancellor  may  hold  to  different  views 
on  the  metal.  In  Congress  no  further  action  has 
been  taken  to  remonetize  silver,  but  in  usually  well- 
informed  circles  the  opinion  is  gaining  ground  that 
at  this  session  a  free  coinage  bill  will  be  passed. 
Judging  from  the  petitions  favorable  to  free  coinage, 
sent  in  from  all  sections  of  the  country  to  Congress, 
a  large  majority  of  Americans  favor  it. 

The  Mint  paid  9554  cts.  for  silver  bullion  up  to 
Tuesday,  when  the  price  was  reduced  to  95.4  cts. 
The  offerings  were  very  small,  Exporters  are  out  of 
the  market,  not  being  able  to  compete  against  the 
Mint,  while  sterling  exchanges  are  weak  and 
no  present  prospects  of  their  going  higher  but  rather 
lower,  owing  to  the  heavy  exports  of  breadstuffs, 
provisions,  etc. 

BORAX — Exports  the  past  week  aggregate  653 
lbs.  to  Mexico,  and  in  last  month  637,740  lbs.  over- 
land. The  market  continues  to  hold  to  full  figures, 
with  a  free  call  from  the  East. 

LIME — Receipts  the  past  week  aggregate  3288 
bbls.  The  market  shows  a  freer  call,  but  prices  re- 
main steady.  The  impression  prevails  ihat  the  con- 
sumption this  year  will  be  larger  than  it  was  in 
1869. 

LEAD — The  local  market  holds  to  steady  prices. 
At  the  East  the  market  has  fluctuated,  closing  (airly 
strong.  The  holding  interests  nr^  very  confident  of 
the  luture,  and  consequently  offer  sparingly,  which 
helps  in  maintaining  the  strong  market.  English 
advices  report  an  easy  market, 

ANTIMONY — The  market  is  beginning  to  show 
sign-^  of  easing  off,  in  sympathy  with  lower  prices  at 
the  East. 

TIN — Imports  aggregate  2241  ingots  from  Aus- 
tralia. The  market  is  fiirly  steady  lor  pig,  but  for 
plate  it  is  still  flit.  It  is  difficult  to  give  correct 
quotations  on  plate.  Several  of  the  largest  c^n- 
makers  expect  still  lower  figures.  Laie  cablegrams 
to  the  fro/i  Age  report  as  follows  :  "  The  Tin 
Plate  Workers'  Union  have  held  further  meetings, 
at  which  owners  of  45  works,  in  addition  to  those 
who  previously  agreed,  signified  their  intention  to 
stop.  Thirty  others  agreed  to  the  proposal  to  stop 
during  the  last  ten  days  of  the  month.  Ten  firms 
refuse  to  join  the  movement.  The  Union  is  de- 
termined not  to  be  thwarted  and  will  exhaust  all  re- 
sources to  bring  opposing  masters  to  comply  with 
their  mandaie.  The  Morewoods  are  the  greatest 
obstacles.  The  Treforest  will  not  stop  for  any  great 
length  of  time.  Stocks  continue  to  accumulate  at 
the  shipping  ports  and  amount  now  to  537,000 
boxes  against  336,000  boxes  a  year  ago.  The  Ftb- 
ruary  exports  to  the  United  States  were  only  18,000 
tons  against  28,000  tons  during  the  corresponding 
month  last  year.  A  larger  bu>iness  has  been  done 
during  the  week  at  inside  prices," 

COPPER— There  is  absolutely  nothing  new  to  re- 
port. The  consumption  in  this  country  is  steadily 
increasing,  while  the  output  does  not  show  any  ma- 
terial increase.  From  England  late  advices  report 
as  follows:  "  Copper  bars  are  being  gradually  ab- 
sorbed in  the  place  of  furnace  mat<?nal  by  consum- 
ers, but  merchant  warrants  remain  flit,  speculation 
being  afflicted  by  the  depression  on  the  Continental 
Bourses.  A  large  business  was  done,  chiefly  (or 
consumption,  at  ,^46  105  early  in  the  week,  since 
when  price*^  have  improved  slightly." 

IRON — Imports  the  past  week  aggregate  1000 
tons.  The  market  continues  unsettled.  Although 
no  lower  quotations  are  given,  yet  it  is  reported  that 
concessions  are  obtainable.  Probably  this  is  due  to 
a  growing  impression  that  the  iron-molders'  strike 
will  Jesuit  in  fewer  contracts  entered  into  for  new 
work,  which  will  seriously  curtail  the  consumption 
of  iron.  The  stock  here  shows  a  large  iiicrease  in 
the  hands  of  both  consumers  and  importers.  From 
the  East  our  advices  indicate  that  consumers  are 
holding  off  in  the  hope  of  still  lower  prices;  when 
they  do  enter  the  market,  it  looks  as  if  the  market 
will  improve.  From  England  late  cable  advices  re- 
port as  follows:  In  pig-iron  warrants  there  has 
been  little  business,  but  slocks  in  store  are  steadily 
decreasing,  and  that  fact  steadies  the  market  some- 
what. Hematites  are  improving  in  price.  Makers 
have  blown  out  six  furnaces  and  agreed  to  further 
restrict  production  if  necessary.  Exports  of  pig 
iron  to  the  United  States  last  month  8000  tons, 
against  7000  tons  in  February,  i88g.  Makers'  quo- 
tations for  all  descriptions  of  pig  have  been  marked 
(iown,  and  are  now  nearly  on  a  level  with  warrants. 
CQICE^Jmports  the  past  week  aggregate  650 


tons.  "While  we  do  not  reduce  quotations,  yet  it  is 
generally  understood  that  concessions  can  be  ob- 
tained. 

.  COAL — Imports  the  past  week  aggregate  as  fol- 
lows: Departure  bay,  4406  tons;  Coos  bay,  1950; 
Seattle, ^849;  Nanaimo,  2005.  Total,  9210  tons. 
Australian  coals  are  strongly  held  for  spot,  to  ar- 
rive and  for  loading.  All  cargoes  to  arrive  have 
been  placed.  Ships  on  spot  and  to  arrive  in  Aus- 
tralian waters  are  showing  more  strength.  This  is 
reflected  by  a  ship  now  loading  lumber  on  Puget 
Sound  for  Australia,  refusing  a  return  cargo  of  coal 
to  this  port  at  the  rate  of  15s.  In  household  coals 
the  market  shows  no  material  change.  The  tone 
appears  to  be  strong,  due  to  the  small  stock  on 
hand  and  to  arrive  of  Australian.  The  expected  ad- 
vance in  Wellington  has  not  materialised. 


MINING    SHAREHOLDERS'    DIRECTORY. 

COMPILBD  BVERY  TnURSDAT    FROM  AdVBRTISBMBNTS  IN  THE  MiMING  AND  SciKNTlFlC  PREBB  AND  OTllBR  3.  F.  JOURNALS 


Eastern  Metal  Markets. 

By  Telegrapli. 

New  York,  March  20,  1890. — The  following  are 
the  closing  prices  the  past  week: 
Silver  in    Silver  in 


OOMPANT. 

Eechtel  Cons  M  Co California.. U 

Eooley  M  Co Nevada..  I.. 

Butte  King  M  Co California..  1.. 

Contidenctj  S  M  Co INevada..l5.. 

Crocker  M  Co Arizona. .  8. . 

East  Best  &  Belcher  M  Co.... Nevada 1., 

Eureka  Coua  Drift  M  Co Califoruia.,!.. 

Granp  irize  M  Co iiJevada..24,, 

Happy  Valley  Bl,  Gravsl  Co.  .California... 6.. 

Holmes  M  Go Nevada.. 11.. 

Indian  Creek  M  Co California..  1.. 

Martin  White  M  Co Nevada.. 23,, 

Majflowei-  Gravel  M  Co Califoruia..46 

Occidental  CoubM  Co Nevada..  5.. 

QnakerGMCo California.. 18.. 

fjilver  King  M  Co Ajizona..  2.. 

Standard  Cons.  M  Co California, .  2. . 

Uuion  Cona  M  Co Nevada.. 40 

Utah  Cons  M  Co.... Nevada..  9.. 


ASSESSMENTS. 
Location.  No.  Am't.  Levied.    Dblinq't, 
10.  .Feb    10,,..M:ar  J7.. 

8. .Mar  18. ...Apr  22.. 
30. .Feb  13....Mar20.. 
75. .Mar  12....Adr  16.. 
lU.,Jan  20. ...Mar  5. 
25, .Feb  11. ...Mar  14.. 
3. .Feb  24, ...Apr  5.. 
30..Jau   2r..,.Mar   5.. 

5. .Feb  12  ..  Mar  24.. 
25, .Mar  lt:....Apr  17.. 
10.. Mar  12.. ..Apr  14.. 
25. .Feb  12,...Mar3l.. 
50. .Mar  8.... Apr  lO" 
25. .Jan  20..,.Feb  25., 
20. .Mar  8. ...Apr  5.. 
30. .Jan   15. ...Feb  26, 


Sale.     Secrktart.  Place  of  BtrsiNsBS. 

.Apr  13.  ,C  C  Harvey 303  California  St 

..Mayl3..W  H  Watson 302  Montgomery  St 

■4P^^^'-'^'^^'=^'3 •* 723  Market  St 

..May  7.  .A  ci  Grooh 414  California  St 

..Mar  28..  NT  Messer 309  Montgomery  Bt 

..Mar  31.. CH  Mason 331  Montgomery  St 

..Apr  21. .W  HRabe 224  MoatgomerySt 

..Mar25..RK,GrajBon 327  Pine  St 

.Apr  14.. DM  Kent 330  Pine  St 

.May  8  .CEElliott 309  Montgomery  St 

.Mayl4..S0  Mills 

.  Apr  30 . .  A  E  Cooper 325  Montgomery  St 

■  May  1 . .  J  Morizio 328  Montgomery  St 

,  .Mar  24. .A  K  Dunbar 309  Montgomery  St 

May  o..ACheminaut 328  Momcomery  St 

Mar  27.  .A  Waterman 309  Montgomery  St 


Name  ov  Oompanv. 


I 

ODdon.  New  York. 

Copper. 

Lead. 

Tin. 

rhursday.. 

.43}             MJ 

$14  25 

$3  97* 

3  ml 

820  55 

Friday 

.43 18-16     96 

14  26 

20  60 

Saturday... 

.43J              96i 

14  60 

3  97i 

20  60 

Monday . . . 

.43J               96J 

14  60 

3  96 

20  35 

Tuesday. . . 

.43}               94i 

14  60 

3  92i 

20  30 

Wednesday 

.43}             95 

14  60 

8  96 

20  40 

23l»l 

25 

23  W 

26 

17  @ 

IS 

15  @ 

IB 

23  M 

25 

*m 

— 

New  York,  March  18.— Borax  steady.  Quick- 
silver is  firm  in  sympathy  with  the  European  mar- 
kets. Copper  is  in  moderate  demand  at  from  145^ 
@f4Kc;  Lake,  I2|i@i3c;  Casting  Lake  reported 
well  sold  up.     Pig  lead  is  quiet  and  firm  at  $3.97  J^. 

San  Francisco  Metal  Market. 

WHOLESAIiE. 

Thursday,  March  20, 1S9D. 

Antimony— 25  i*     — 

Borax— Refined,  in  carload  lota 7i@      

Powdered  "         "        "    7)@      _ 

Concentrated      "         "        "    6J@      — 

AJl  grades  jobbing  at  an  advance. 

COPPKK,— 

Bolt 

Sheathing 

ingot,  jobbing 

do,  wholesale 

Fire  Box  Sheets 

Leau  —pig 

Bar 5  (to      _ 

S  heet 7@     __ 

Pipe 6  @      — 

Shot,  discount  10%  on  500  bags     Drop,  ^  bag.  1  45  @      — 

Buck,  ^bag 1  65  @     — 

ChUled,  do 1  85  @     _ 

Tjnplate— B.  v.,  steel  grade,  14x20,  to  arrive.      —  (oi      — 

B.  v.,  steel  grade,  1432U,  spot 4  60  @      — 

Charcoal,  14x20 6  75  («  7  00 

do  roofing,  14x20 6  00  @      — 

do.  do,  20x28 12  00  @      — 

Pig  tin,  spot,  ^  lb 21  J@      2i:^ 

CoKE-Eng.,  ton,  spot,  in  blk 13  50  <dl5  OO' 

Do,  do,  to  load.... 14  50  @15  50 

Quicksilver— By  the  flask ,  60  OO  (ff     — 

Flasks,  new @     

Flasks,  old 3B  ^ 

Ghrosie  Iron  Ore,  ^  ton 10  COCS 

Ikon— Bar,  base 3@       sj 

Norway,  base 45(rt        Bi 

Steel— English,  tb 16  (a     20 

Canton  tool , 9@        9 

Black  Diamond  tool 9@       9 

Pick  and  Hammer 8  OT      10 

Machinery .'.'.'.".'.'       4  @       5 

Toe  Calk 4i®        — 

Spot.  To  Load. 

Iron— Glengarnook  ton 35  00  @ 34  @  _ 

EgUnton.ton 35  00  @ 321fa' — 

American  Soft,  No.  1,  ton.. @35  00  32i@  — 

Oregon  Pig.  ton @35  oO  —  @  — 

Puget  Sound 35  00  @ —  @  _ 

Cl^y  Lajae  White {o  2    00  27/  w  — 

Sbobts,  No.  1 35  00  [<*35  00  32J@  - 

Bar  Iron  (base  price)  ^  lb...       —  @      _  -   ra  — 

Langloan  35  00  @ 

ThornclifEe 35  00  @ 

Gartsherrie 35  00  ^ 

Barrow 35  00  @ 

Thomas 35  00  @ 

Cargofleet 32  50  @ 


25.  .Mar    4.. . .  Apr  14..  ..May  19.' .J  WPeW \\\\\':"ZryrMvTx^B  St 

OR--^^'^n?-"-^P''  10....Apr3p..JMBuffington 303  California  St 

25. .Mar  U... .Apr  17...  May  5..AHFjsh 309  Montgomery  St 

MEETINGS  TO  BE  HELD. 

r.    1*         ■     T  1^0.      ,r,  i'?."/^^?**'      SSORKTAKY  OFFICE  IN  S.    F.  MeBTINQ  DATE 

California  ton  &  Steel  Co California.. F  Bonacina 438  California  St AnnuS;.:...  ADr21 

Sn^r^AMPn^" S^'-^^^-^"^^^^"*^]. 522  Montgomery  St ...Annual     ...  Apr    i 

Dover  GM  Co Cahtorma..W  L  McEwen 214  Sausome  St Annual         .  Mar  27 

Jackson  M  Co W  R  Drake 329  Pine  St Annual......:.:      K  24 

LATEST  DIVIDENDS— WITHIN  THREE  MONTHS. 
Name  of  Company.  Location.     Seobetaht.  Office  in  S.  F.  Amount  Payabi.f 

Champion  M  Co T  Wetzel 522  Montgomery  St    *         -""""JJ^a-  jo^on 

CaledoniaMO  Igevada-.AS  Cheminant...;;.V.V328  CntSS^S?  OS:;;;::*-. ^TJI 

Con  Cahfprma  &  Va  M  Oo Nevada.  .A  W  Havens 309  Montgomery  St  25 Wnh  ift 

Vl^^^\f^^^  *^^^^^1  ^  *^° California.  .T  Wetzel 522  Montplmery  St. . . .  .".".V; " "    10 Dec  23 

^flioMCo.. Cahforma. Grass  VaUey.... .......... .2  50 mL  7 

MtDiabloMCo Nevada.  .R  Heath 319  Pine  St    qn n^'A 

Pacific  Borax  Salt&  Soda  Co.  ..CaUfomia..A  H  Clough 230 Montgomery  St 1  00 Feb  10 


34  @  — 
34  @  — 


34  (i 


Coal. 


TO   LOAJ». 

Per  Ton.;  Per  Ton. 

Australian  ...     7  60  @  7  75ILehigh  Lump..  16  60@17  00 

LiverpoolSt'm    8  60  @ Cumberland bk  16  00@- 

Scotch  Splint.    9  00  @  9  00  Egg,  hard 16  50@— 

Carditt 9  50@10  00| 

SPOT    FROM   TABD. 

Wellington §  9  00  Seattle 7  00 

Greta    S  50  Oooa  Bay 6  00 

WeetminsterBrymbo.    9  00  rannel 12  OO 

Nanaimo 9  00  Egg,  hard 18  00 

Sydney 8  50  Cumberland,  In  Backs  16  00 

Oilman 7  00      do.  bulk 14  00 


Mining  Share  Market. 

The  mining  share  market  the  past  week  was  gen- 
erally dull,  although  at  times  there  were  small 
short-lived  spurts,  evidently  made  to  frighten  shorts 
into  filling  so  as  to  allow  the  pool  to  better  concen- 
trate the  stocks  they  mostly  desired.  The  news 
from  the  Comstocks  is  uniformly  favorable — too 
good,  if  anything,  to  let  the  public  have  much  of 
the  stocks,  and  the  public  never  buy  on  such  a 
market  as  we  now  have.  The  outside  stocks  have 
not  done  much;  hardly  any  transactions  have 
taken  place  in  either  the  Bodies  or  Quijotoas,  while 
the  Tuscaroras  were  only  fairly  traded  in.  The 
points  are  out  for  lower  prices  in  the  Tuscaroras, 
Bodies  and  Comstocks,  although  the  latter  might 
first  go  higher  before  going  much  lower.  The 
Bodies  are,  it  is  said,  to  have  a  break  when  they  are 
a  "  big  buy." 

News  from  the  Comstocks  is  of  the  very  best, 
particularly  in  the  Gold  Hill  and  the  Middle  mines. 
Private  advices  also  report  an  improvement  in 
Ophir.  Advices  from  Con.  Virginia  still  continue 
favorable.  Official  tetters  received  to-day  (Thurs- 
day) from  Crown  Point,  Belcher,  Confidence  and 
Hale  and  Norcross  report  as  follows:  In  Crown 
Point,  the  300-ioot  stopes  are  improving  as  Ihe 
work  goes  south.  They  are  crushing,  on  an  aver- 
age, about  850  tons  of  ore  a  week,  which  assays 
higher  than  that  crushed  in  February.  In 
Belcher  a  new  south  drift  has  been  started 
which  was  in  quartz  assaying  from  $5  to  $25  a  ton. 
In  Hale  and  Norcross  the  drift  on  the  r25o  foot 
level  was  in  fine  ore  six  feet  wide  (fine  ore,  it  is  said, 
assays  from  $40  to  $60  a  ton.)  In  Confidence  a 
west  crosscut  was  started  ihe  past  week  on  the  300- 
foot  level  and  another  on  the  800-foot 
level.  The  first  mentioned  was,  at  last  advices, 
in  low-grade  ore.  The  starting  of  these^wff  cross- 
cuts will  be  followed  by  others  in  some  of  the  other 
mini  s  through  which  the  north  drifts  run  from 
the  Yellow  Jacket  shaft.  This  new  work  shows 
that  the  north  drifts  have  either  been  completed  or 
are  nesting  completion.  These  drifts  were  run  to 
afford  the  best  of  ventilation  in  the  mines,  so  that 
prospecting  work  could  be  successfully  carried  out. 
One  of  the  best  signs  of  the  times  is  the  confirmed 
reports  that  the  Comstock  mines  have  bought  more 
quicksilver  so  far  this  year  than  for  the  like  lime  for 
several  years  past. 


Table  of  Lowest  and  Highest  Sales  in 
^S.  F.  Stock  Exchange. 


NiLMS  OV 

OoMpAmr. 


New  Incorporations. 

The  following  companies  have  been  incorporated, 
and  papers  filed  in  the  office  of  the  Superior  Court, 
department  10,  San  Francisco  : 

liLECTRic  Street  and  Station  Indicator, 
JVIarch  17.  Capital  stock.  $500,000.  Directors- 
John  L.  Cahill.  L.  H.  Foote.  A.  G.  Hawes.  Joseph 
D.  Grant  and  Reuben  H,  Lloyd. 

Mercantile  Bank  of  S.  F.,  March  17.  Capital 
stock,  $500,000.  Directors — Wm.  Kreling,  J.  Boas, 
Max  Popper,  T.  G   Gruenhagen  and  L.  iMttzger. 

Asphaltum  Pipe  &  Subway  Co.,  March  17. 
Object,  to  mine,  manufacture,  distribute  water  and 
construct  subWays  for  electric  conductors.  Capital 
stock,  $400,000  all  of  which  has  been  subscribed. 
Directors— F.  M.  Speed,  Edsar  Briggs,  Adrian  R. 
Smith.  George  H.  Hops  and  W.  H.  Warswick. 

Pioneer  Dividend  Association,  March  17. 
Object,  to  unite  all  healthy  persons  of  every  profes- 
sion and  bu-iiness  and  occupation  to  make  applica- 
tion for  certificates  and  to  provide  a  fund  for  a  liv- 
ing as  well  as  benefits  for  families, of  deceased  mem- 
bers. Directors— Franklin  N,  C'lark,  T.  G.  Hanks, 
C.  H.  Clark,  W.  N.  Letcher  and  W.  Potter. 


Complimentary  Samples. 

Persona  receiving  tiiis  paper  marked  are  re* 
quested  to  examine  its  contents,  terms  of  anb- 
scription,  and  give  it  their  own  patronage,  and, 
as  far  as  practicable,  aid  in  circulating  the 
journal,  and  making  its  valne  more  widely 
known  to  others,  and  extending  its  influence  in 
the  cause  it  faithfully  serves.  Subscription 
rate,  $3.00  a  year.  Extra  copies  mailed  for  10 
cents,  If  ordered  soon  enanKh,  If  already  s 
Bnbseriber,  please  show  the  paper  to  otbeia. 


Onr  Agents, 

OuK  Fribsub  can  do  much  in  aid  of  our  paper  and  the 
cause  of  practical  knowledge  and  science,  by  assisting 
Agents  in  their  labors  of  canvassing,  by  lending  their  !□• 
Buence  and  encouraging  favors.  We  intend  to  send  none 
but  worthy  men. 

J.  C.  HOAO — San  Francisco. 

R.  G.  BAiiiBT— San  Frandeco. 

W.  W.  Throbalds— Los  Angeles  Co. 

Gbo.  Wilsou — Sacramento  Co 

E.  H.  SoHABFFLB — Calftvoras  Co. 

Frank  S.  Chapin— Colusa  Co. 

Isaac  Ater— Fresno,  Cal. 

Samuel  cliff — San  Luis  Obispo  Co. 

Wm.  H.  Hillbakt — Oregon. 

E.  E.   Dbmdjg — Oregon. 

(HAS  M   MoODT-  Oregon. 

H.  G.  Pabsons— Washington. 

R.  G.  Hdston— Montana 

Herbeut  Ca.phntrr — Fresno  ''o.,  Cal. 

*I.  J.  Wade — San  Bernardino  Co. 

T.  J.  Mat — Washington  ; 

W.  K.  fROBT— Hnmboldt  Co. 

H  Kellky — Modoc  Co. 


Bullion  Shipments. 

We  quote  shipments  since  our  last  and  shall  be 
pleased  to  receive  further  reports  : 

Cons.  California  and  Virginia,  March  15,  $14,297; 
Savage  (for  February),  $24,073;  Hale  and  Norcross 
(for  February),  $31, 198;  Commonwealth,  18,  $15,040; 
Justice,  20,  $4574:  Commonwealth,  20,  $17,000. 

A  LANDSLIDE  near  Juneau,  Alaska,  buiied 
one  ot  the  qaartz-mills  out  of  sight.  No  one 
was  injured. 


Alpha , 

Alta 

Andes 

Belcher 

Best  &  Belcher. . . , 

Bullion 

Bodie  Oon 

Bulwer 

Commonwealth . . , 
Con,  Va.  JiOal..., 

OhaUenge 

OhoUar 

Confidence 

Oon.  Imperial 

Caledonia 

Orown  Point 

Crocker ., 

Del  Monte 

EurenaUon 

Exchequer 

Grand  Prize 

Gould&  Cm-ry.... 
Hale  &  Norcross.. 

Julia 

Justice 

Keutuck 

Lady  Wash 

Mono 

Mexican 

Navajo 

North  Belle  Isle... 

Nev.  Queen 

Occidental 

OpUr 

Overman 

Potoai 

Peerless 

Peer 


Week 
Ending 
Feb.  27. 


S.B.  JiM 

Sierra  Nevada. . . , 

Silver  HIU 

Scorpion 

CnioD  Con 

Utah 

7ellow  Jacket.... 


.95 


.90 
1.25 

.f5 
1.80 
2.85 

.f5 

.15 

.2.'i 
75 
4.60    5. Ill 
1.50    1.76 

2.45  2.61 
3.50    4.00 

40 
25 
1.75    1.95 

30 

1.40    1,56 

3.25    4.00 

55 

35      .40 

1.46  1.75 
2.80    2. 90 

25 
1.40    1.60 

70       . 

..      .30 

30 
3.35    3, 


Week 
Ending 
Mar.  6. 


l.ro    1.05 
1.20    1.25 


1  05 

.35  ... 

1.35  1.7' 

3  80  4.00 

60  .,55 

70  .90 

35  1.45 

2.40  2.70 

.25 

1.40  1.50 

75 

25 

35  ... 

3,26  3.50 


1.00    1.10 
80      .85 
3.15 


10 

t.05  1. 

l.fS  1. 

.25  .. 

.20  .. 

1  GO  1. 

1.65  1. 

2.20  2. 

35  .. 
..       ,25 

2.45  3.16 
65       SO 

2.16  2.45 


1.70  1.81 

2,70  2.9 

.E5  .61 

.50  ..., 

.20  ..., 

3.50  4  10 

4.40  4.60 

.40  1.55 

2.15  2.50 

3.70  3.75 

40 


.20 


Week 
Ending 
Mar.  13, 


.95 


.90 
1.20 

.45  .50 

1.40  1.7" 

2.65  2.75 

60 

.45  .50 

2'.56  3!65 
4.25 

1.30  1.35 

2  00  : 

3.25  3.45 

33  .40 

20  .... 

1.50  1.60 


1.15  45.1 
"  l.CO 
1.10 

3,95    4.25 

1.05 

1.65    1.70 

25 


.25 


20 
1.65 
1.60 
2.21 

20 


26    2.35 

60      .65 

I  95    2.15 


l.i 

3.75  .. 

45  .1 

60  .1 

-20  1.40 

2.30  2.40 

.20  .... 

1.30  1  40 

.70  .76 
.30 


2  85  3  25 
26       .30 

1.00  1  25 
60      .70 

90  l.i* 

60  4.15 

95  1.05 

1.70  1.85 

20  .. 

20  .. 

1.45  1.1 

1.25  1.50 

2.05  2,26 
.30 
.20 

2  10  2.35 
.45 

1.90  1.95 


Week 
Ending 
Mar:  20 


.80      .85 
1. 15    1.20 


.40 


.45 


1.46  1.60 

2.60  2.60 

.60  .bfi 

.45  .60 

.15  ... 

2.65  2.85 

4.16  4.60 

1.25  .... 

2.00  2.25 

2  76  3.00 


1.26 
.76 
.30 


.35 

i.'eo 

.35 
.95 


.60 
1,36 
2.45 


2.90  3.10 

25  .., 

I. 00  1.05 

.70  76 

.90  .95 

3.76  3.95 

85  ,93 


1.29 

2.00 

30 

2:63 
.45 


2.20 
2'.0 


Sales  at  San  Francisco  Stock  Exchange. 

Thursday.  Mar.  20. 9:30  a.  m.i    50  G.  &C 1  30 

400  Alta 1.10,  100  Hale  &  Nor 2.35 

300  Andes 40c  100  Mexican 3.00 

200  Alpha 85c'  300  Occident, 80c 

115  Belcher 1.5LI  100  Ophir 3  85 

100  BeUe  lale 20ci  300  Potosi 2.00 

50  Bodie 46c  4  0  S.  B,  &  M 1.10 

100  Cballenife 1.20  100  Sierra  Nevada 2  05 

10  ChoUar 2.10     50  Utah 45c 

200  Con.  Cal  4  Va 4  30l  ICO  Union 2.10 


The  Citizans'  Relief  Committee  has  raised  by 
contributions  $24,000  for  the  unemployed  of 
this  city,  and  now  1000  men  are  working  on  a 
new  road  in  Golden  G-.te  Park. 


I)ATEWTS! 
Scientific  Press  Patent  Agency 
^sA^JIlTfiEl?^'  220  l?Ia?ketSt..S.P 


Attention, 


Southern 
Miners. 


California 


WORKS   FOR   SALE. 

The  Works  are  situated  at  Daggett,  Cal.,  in  the 
Calico  Mining  District,  and  on  the  side-tracic  of  the 
Atlantic  and  Pacific  Railroad.  They  contain  a  first- 
ciass  so-horse  power  Engine  and  45-horse  power 
boiler,  with  Ore  Crusher  and  other  machinery,  Mill 
Scales,  Assaying  Outfit,  etc.,  all  nearly  new.  Also 
upon  the  premises  an  office  building  and  a  comfort- 
able dwelling-house  (portable).  The  above  can  be 
had  at  a  bargain.  Apply  to  GILLISPY  &  CHILDS, 
*  X23  California  St. ,  San  Francisco, 


Paul's  Dry  Amalyamating  Barrel  Process. 

Tlie  undersigned  is  prepared  to  erect,  or  furnish  drafts 
for  trectins;,  ma^h  neiy,  also  inatructions  for  working 
or- 8  by  the  new  patented  DRY  AMALGAMATING 
BARRKLPROC  ^S.  I  aeaeit  Ihe  ability  to  overcome 
EVERY  difficulty  connected  with  amalgamating  the 
jirecious  meta  s,  more  eBpeciallv  gold,  and  to  add  frr'm 
25  to  100  per  cent  to  the  FREE  GOLD  yield  of  any  mill 
working  WET.  Being  the  origiual  iaventor  of  dry  amal- 
gamation. 1  h  ive  spent  over  20  years  perfecting  the  a.'vs- 
tem,  now  briiUt;ht  to  a  wonderfully  efficient,  inexpensive 
and  practical  one.  Having  patents,  I  caution  all  paities 
against  infringements.  For  further  particulars,  address 
ALMARIN  B.  PAUL, 
Middle  Creek  P.  0.,  Shasta  County,  California. 


One  Ohmen's    12x12  Automatic  Engine; 
best  style  in  use.  Also,  1  Boiler  48  in.  x  16  ft.  Both  nearly 
new.    Apply  to     j.  W.  QOICK,  M21  First  bt., 
(Top  Floor)  San  PraJiclBco,  Oal. 


AMIDDLE-AQED  MAN  BY  THE  NAME  OF  JOSEPH 
McLEARN,  Miner,  left  Nova  Scotia  17  years  ago  for 
California,  His  friends  would  be  thankful  to  any  person 
who  could  give  any  information  concerning  his  where- 
abouts. 


THOROUGHLY  COMPETENT  MILLMAN  AND 
Asaayer  of  20  j'ears'  experience  in  putting  up  and 
running  Gold  and  Silver  Mills  and  Coneentration  Works 
desires  a  situation  Id  Mill  or  to  take  charge  of  Mill  Rnd 
Mine.    Best  References.    A.  H.,  Box  2517,  San  Franoisco, 


Mab.  22,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Ppess. 


209 


DELINQUENT    SALE    NOTICE. 
Gray  Eagle   Mininc|  Company.    Location 

ol principal  pliicd  of  ttuuiness.San  Fraucisco, California. 

Location  of  Works,  Placur  Co.,  Cal. 

NOTICE.— Thoro  ftio  iluliiuiiu-Dt  upon  tlio  ft^IIo  uri- 
described  Stock,  on  account  -if  AsaL-.-^iiiL'iit  {S--.  I'O 
levied  on  the  -JUt  day  of  Jauuar\,  1^;"J,  ttiL*  r^uvoral 
ani'^untt)  Bet  oppofitu  thu  uumea  of  tiio  rcuptictivc  Shart:- 
holders,  as  followe: 

No. 
NAMES.  Cerlid-ate 

DE  Allison fiOl 

D  Bowers 379 

D  Bowers 404 

RWBlanoy 2S4 

J  U  ButtioKton ,  Trust«e 50» 

O  H  Bocart,  Trusteo 405 

O  H  Boyart.TruBtee 447 

O  H  Bogart.  Trustee , 470 

OH  Bo2»rt,  Trustee 471 

O  H  Boirart.  Trustee 472 

Jftmes  Cl»rk 461 

HW  Gray.  Trustee IHl 

B  WHalnes 4£W 

B  W  Haines 480 

WC  Huntcn,  Trustee 606 

WC  HuotcD,  Trustee SO? 

W  C  Hunteo,  Tru  tee 5i8 

WC  Hunten,  Trustee 600 

W  C  Hunteii,  Trustee 510 

WC  Hunten,  Trustee 511 

Cyrus  W  Jones,  Trustee 421 

John  Linden 84 

H  M  Rosekrans 39 

Geo  Ross 145 

G00R088 146 

Geo  Rnss 147 

Geo  Ross 14S 

Geo  K088 149 

Geo  Ross 240 

C  S  Stout,  Trustee 47fl 

CS  Stout,  Trustee 477 

MrsM  E  Stout ...170 

MraM  E  Stout 18* 

W  A  Seatles,  Trustee 618 

JNTaylor 102 

J  N  Taylor 33n 

Theo  Wetzel,  Trustee 176 

Theo  Wetz  1,  Trustee 225 

Theo  Wetzol.  Trustee 265 

AH  Winn.  Tiustee 466 

AH  Winn,  Trustee 467 

A  H  Winn,  Trustee 468 

And  in  accordance  with  law,  and  an  order  ot  the 
Board  of  Directors,  made  on  the  Slst  day  of  January, 
1890,  so  many  shares  of  each  parcel  of  such  Stock  as  may 
be  necessarv,  will  be  sold  at  public  Auction,  at  the  of- 
fice of  the  Company,  Room  11,  No.  303  rallfornia  street, 
San  Francisco,  Caiifornia.  on  MON  l>A.Y,  THH:  SEVEN- 
TEENTH (17th)  DAY  OF  MARCH,  1890,  at  the  hour  of 
1  o'clock  p.  M.  of  said  day,  to  pay  said  Delinquent  As- 
scaament  thereon,  together  with  costs  of  advertising  and 
expenses  of  sale.  J.  M.  BUFFINGTON,  Secretary. 

Oltioe,  Korm  11,  No.  303  California  street,  San  Fran- 
cisco, California. 


No. 
Sliartid. 

Auil. 

'26 

11  00 

20 

SO 

500 

20  00 

20 

80 

4475 

170  00 

i1 

I  eo 

fiUOO 

200  00 

lOUO 

40  00 

fillO 

20  00 

60O 

20  00 

100 

4  00 

1)00 

20  00 

500 

20  00 

600 

20  00 

100 

4  00 

100 

4  00 

100 

4  CO 

100 

4  00 

100 

4  00 

100 

4  00 

lOijO 

40  00 

100 

4  00 

600 

24  00 

100 

4  00 

100 

4  00 

100 

4  00 

100 

4  00 

100 

4  00 

20 

80 

2000 

80  00 

953 

SS  12 

600 

20  00 

5  0 

20  00 

1000 

40  00 

1000 

40  00 

40 

1  00 

200 

8  00 

s 

32 

31-2 

12  48 

1000 

40  00 

500 

20  00 

600 

20  00 

PRACTICAL 

Books  on  Mining 

AND  IRRIGATION. 

Descriptive  Catalogue  and  Circulars  of  Booka  relating 
to  Assaying,  Mining,  Electricity  and  iTechanical  Eogineer- 
ing,  sent  free  on  application. 

E.  &  F.  N.  SPON,  Publishers, 

13  Cortlandt  St.,  New  Torb. 


The  Best  Mining  District 

On  the  Pacific  Coast  ! 

GRASS    VALLEY,  GAL. 


THE  BEST  NEWSPAPER  published  in  the  district  is 

Daily  and  Weekly  edition.  Gives  all  the  Mining  News. 
Dealers  in  Mining  Machinery  and  Mininfr  Supplies  will 
find  THE  TIDINGS  the  best  medium  for  directly  reach- 
ing the  owners  or  managers  of  mines.  Investors  in 
mines  will  find  it  to  their  advantage  to  subscribe. 

Many  mines  are  in  successful  operation,  and  new 
enterprises  are  being  instituted  and  many  others  are  in 
contemplation. 

DAILY,  36  00  a  year;  WEEKLY,  S2  50,  in  advance. 
H.  S,  SPaULDING,  Publisher. 

T.  C.  HOCKING,  Editor. 


.FOR  SALE  CHEAP. 


One  new  double  circular  Sawmill  to  carry  60-inch  bot- 
tom saw,  with  wrought-iron  hangers  for  top  saw.  Fric- 
tion feed-works,  patent  steel  screw  double-throw  head- 
blocks,  with  track  iron,  saw  carriage  and  frame  complete, 

RISDON  IRON  &  LOCOMOTIVE  WORKS, 

San  Francisco.  Oal. 


RUBBER  FACTORY. 


1 1      /^\ 


^ik\ll^l^%14 


LUBBER.  BEirtpi 

w.f:B0WERs^  eo. 

AGENTS 


Monarch   Belting. 

The  PUea  of  thlg  Belt  are 

UNITED  by  COTTON  RIVETS 

Which  hold  (hem  firmly  together. 

Each  Kivet  is  Independent 

And  Follows  the  Stretch, 

THERE  ARE   NO   STITCHES 

TO  BREAK,  and 

The    Belt    has    a    Smootl- 

Surface. 


Hose,  Belting,  Packing,  Etc. 

ALL  KINDS  OF  RUBBER  GOODS  MADE  TO  ORDER  IN  A  FEW  HOURS. 

W  F.  BOWERS  &  CO..  409  Market  St..  San  Francisco. 


To  Miners,  Millmen.  Dealers  in  Macliinery,  Etc. 

The  undersigned  offers  for  eale  at  greatly  reduced  prices,  machinery  belonging  to  the 

AUTO -PNEUMATIC    OAR    MOTOR    COMPANY, 

Situate  in  the  City  ot  San  Francisco,  on  the  block'bounded  by  Folaom,  Harrison,  Sixteenth  and  Seventeenth  Streets. 
Said  machinery  ia  new  and  has  only  been  used  long  enough  to  test  every  part  of  it. 

One  Compound  Steam  Air  ComDreasor,  low  pressure  cylinder   12x20,  hieh  pressure 

cylinder  5x20,  wltti  inter-cooler  and  all  connectiona  comp  ete. 
One  Air  Tank,  48  inches  In  diameter   by    16  feet  length,  tested  to  300  pounds  to  the 

inch. 
One  Auto-Poeumatic  Passenger  and  Motor  Oar,  30  feet  long,  standard  gauge,  ^vlth  air 

tanks  and  engines  complete.    Engines,  Compound,  6>inch  and  11-lnch   cylinders  by 

12-lncli  stroke. 
2000  feet  or  more  of  20  lbs.  rails. with  ties,  bolts  and  flsh  plates,  complete. 

For  further  in  formation  apply  to 

J.  C.  RUED,  Director  A.  P.  C.  M.  Co., 

No.  119  Clay  Street,  San  Francisco. 


Rock  Drilling  and  Air  Compressing 
Machinery 

For  TUNNELS,  QUARRIES,  MINES,  RAILROADS 

And  Wherever  Ore  and  Bock  are  to  be  Drilled  and  Blasted. 

tSr  SEND     FOK    NEW     CATALOGUE    OF     1889.  -SJl 


Great  Variety  of  SHOT  QTJNS,  EIFLES, 

etc.    Breech-Loaders  from  S4  to  SI  00. 
SEND    STAMPS    FOR    PBIOE    LISTS. 

GEO.  W.  8HREVE, 

B25  Kearny  Street,        San  Francisco,  Oal. 


RAND    DRILL  CO., 

23  Park  Place,  New  York,  U.  S.  A. 


Day's  Improved  Quartz  Stamp  Mill. 

This  Mill  is  designed  for  the  Prospector,  the  Assayer  and 
Sampler  of  Gold  and  Silver-bearing  rock.  It  is  a  perfect  mill, 
built  entirely  ot  metals,  and  of  the  best  mechanical  construc- 
tion; will  amaJgamate  perfectly  in  the  battery  or  on  plates. 
It  strikes  a  sharp,  heavy  blow  with  a  light  stamp.  Slupping 
weight,  225  lbs.    Price  i?75.    Adoress 

p.  O.  Box  331.  Chico,  Butte  Co,  Cal. 

N.  B.— Chappakell.  Butte  Co.,  Cal.,  Nov.  10,  ISSO.—Mr.  Jas. 
Day,  Chieo:    The  little  mill  is  a  daisy:  it  comes  up  to  all  ex- 
fe'  pectations;  it  works  perfect  in  all  respects.    Yours  truly, 

Walkeb,  Rezse  &  Co.    * 


FRANCIS  SMITH  &  CO. 


Manufacturers  of 


Sheetlron  and  Steel 


IRON  MOULDERS  WANTED 

HISDON  IRON  WORKS, 

Ban  Francisco. 


ALL    SIZES. 

130  Beale  Street,         San  Francisco,  Gal 


Iron  cut,  punched  and  (ormed,  for  makinjj  pipe  oe 
ground  All  kinds  of  Tools  supplied  for  making  Pipe. 
Katimates  given.  Are  prepared  for  coating  all  sizes  of 
Kpe  with  a  composition  ot  Coal  Tar  and  Aaphaltum. 


California  Inventors 


Should  consult 
DEWET&CO 

AME  R  I  OAN 

AND  Foreign  Patent  Solicitors,  for  obtaining  Patents 
and  Caveata.  Established  in  1860.  Their  long  experience  as 
joumaliata  and  large  practice  as  Patent  attorneys  enables 
them  to  offer  Pacitic  Coast  Inventors  far  better  aurvice  than 
they  can  obtain  elsewhere.  Send  for  free  circulars  of  Infor- 
mation. Officeof  the  Mining  AND  Boientivio  PREKHard 
pAoiFic  BuEAi.  Pbesb  No.  230  Ua^j^et  Q.i  San  FranciBoc. 
Elsvator,  IS  Fvont  at. 


H.  M.  RAYNOR, 
No.  25  Bond  St., 
NEW  YORK 

1859, 


Laboratory 

AND 

Manufecturing^  Purposes. 

Wholesale  and  llctaii. 
NsEbivs  Platinmn  and  Scrap  purchased. 


Smelter  For  Sale  or  Exchange. 

One  eo-ton  wrou^^ht  iron,  water-jacket  Smelting  Fur- 
nace (36"xtJ0"  at  the"  tuyeres)  of  the  latest  design,  wi  h 
Crusher,  Bl^-wer,  Boiler,  Pumps,  Engines,  Tools,  and 
everything  complete  for  immediate  delivery,  and  only 
ueed  about  six  months.  Cheap  for  cash,  or  will  exchange 
for  interest  in  a  Lead-Silver  Mine,  or  erect  in  any  mining 
camp  that  will  guarantee  a  certain  output.  For  further 
particulars  address  Boy  98i  Etkho)n,  Monfeana. 


THE  ROLLER  ORE  FEEDER 


(Patented  May  28, 1882.] 


This  is  the  best  and  cheapest  Ore  Feeder  now  in  use. 

It  has  fewer  parts,  requires  less  power,  is  simpler  in 
adjuatment  than  any  other.  Feeds  coarse  ore  or  soft  clay 
alike  uniformly,  under  one  or  all  the  stamps  in  a  battem 
as  required. 

In  the  Bunker  Hill  Mill  It  has  run  continuously  for  tn'O 
years,  never  having  been  out  ot  order  or  costing  a  dollar 
for  repairs. 

Golden  State  and   Miners'  Iron  Works, 

Sole  Manufacturers, 
827  First  Street,  San  Francisco,  CaL 

HORACE  D.  RANLETT, 

Ores,  Mining,  and  Gommission, 

420  Montgomery  St..  S.  F. 

Ships  under  advances  to  smelting  works  in  Boston, 
New  York,  B.dtimore  and  Liverpool. 

Twenty-one  years'  experience  In  Shipping  Ores  and 
Managing  Mines. 

Solicits  Consignments  of  Copper  Produce  and  Manage- 
ment of  Min'ng  Matters. 

All  business  conducted  on  Cash  Banls. 

Purchase  and  shipment  of  Mining  Supplies  A  Sfkcialtt. 

Sales  of  Developed  Copper  Mines  undertaken. 

Business  Manager  of  UNION  COPPER  MINE,  Copper- 
opolia,  Cal.;  NEWTON  COPPER  MIKE,  Amador  Co.,  Cal. 


Tioga  District   Mining  Company, 

Incorporated  June  11, 18S9.    Capital  Stock,  $10,000,000. 
BUT  AND  SELL 

California  Gold,  Silver, Quicksilver,  Copper 
and  Lead  Mines 

OF    ASCERTAINED    VALUE. 

Office,  No.  IS  PABBOTT'S  BUILDING,  N.  W. 

Corner  of  California  and  Montgomery  Streets, 

SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 

WW.  B.  WTGHTMAN.  Pros.       WM.  H.  V.  ORONISE.  S«c. 


yiicational. 


OF 

ASSAYING    AND    CHEMISTRY, 

Rooms  46  &  47,  1628  Montgomery  St. 

2d  Floor  Montgomery  Bl'k.  )        San  Franclsco, 
Also,  Evening  Classes,  7  to  10  o'clock. 

JOHN  T.  EVANS,  M.  A,  PrincipaL 


School  of  Practical,  Civil,  Mechanical  and 
MINING  ENGINEERING, 

Surveriiig,  ArcMtectire,  Drawing  and  Assayiig  . 

723    MAEKBT   STBBBT, 

Tlie  HiBtory  Building,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

A.  VAN  DER  NAILLEN,  President. 

Assaying  of  Ores,  $26;  Bullion  and  Ohlorination  Assay, 

$26;  Blowfjipe  Assay,  $10.    Full  course  of  assaying,  J50. 

i^*Send  for  circular. 


THE    PIONEER    COMMERCIAI.    SCHOOL. 

o 


LIFE  SCHOIiABSHIPS,  tTB. 
No  VACATIONS.  DAT  AND  EVBNING  SBBSlOlTa. 

Ladles  admitted  into  all  Departmeota. 
Address:    T.  A.  ROBINSON,  M.  A..  President. 


HEALDS 


BUSINESS     OOLLEGB, 

24  POST  ST.,  S.  P. 

FOB  SEVENTY-3?TVE  DOI.I.ABS  THIS 
College  Uastmcta  In  Shorthand,  Type  Writing,  Book: 
seeping,  Telegraphy,  Penmanship,  Drawing;,  all  the  fini. 
glish  branches,  and  everything  pertaining  to  busIneBB, 
for  elx  full  montha.  We  have  sixteen  teachers,  and  give 
Individual  instruction  to  all  our  pupils.  Onr  school  haB 
Its  graduates  In  every  part  of  ths  Swte. 
iV^iKD  Foa  CiaoimAB. 

0«  8.  HALEti  Seorsttry. 


210 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Mab.  22,  1890 


VALUABLE  BOOKS 

ON  PAINTING  AND  VARNISHING. 

A  Practical  Treatise  on  the  Manufacture 
of  Colors  for  P'iinting:  Comprising  the  Origin 
Definition,  and  Ciassification  of  Colors;  ihe  Treat- 
ment of  the  Haw  Material;  the  best  Formula  and  the 
newest  Processes  for  the  Preparation  ot  every  de- 
scription of  eigment,  and  Ihe  necessary  Apparatus 
and  Directions  lor  its  Use;  Dryers;  the  Testing,  Ap- 
plications, and  Qualities  of  Paints,  etc.,  etc.  By  MM, 
Riffault,  Vergnaiid,  Tonssaiut,  and  M.  F.  Malepere. 
From  the  French  by  a.  A.  Fesquet.  80  engravings. 
Svo.    S7  50. 

a.  Practical  Mnnual  of  House  PAJnt'ner, 
GraiDing-,  IWBrblintr.  aud  Sign  ^Vritinc-  With 
niae  Colored  Illustrations  of  Woods  and  Marbles,  etc. 
By  E.  A.  Davidson.    ISnn.    Si. 

Painter,  Gilder  and  Varn1sber*s  Companion, 
Containing  rules  and  regulations  in  everything  re- 
lating to  the  Arts' of  Painting.  Gilding.  Varnishing, 
Glass  Staining,  Graining,  Marbling,  t^ign  Writing, 
Gilding  on  Glass,  and  Coach  Painting  and  Varnish- 
ing; Tests  for  the  Detection  of  Adulteration  in  Oils. 
Colors,  etc.  Sixteenth  edition,  revised,  with  an  ap- 
pendix. Containiog  Chevreul's  Principles  of  Har- 
mony and  Contrast  of  Colors,  etc.  12mo.  356  pages. 
SI. 50. 

Sis;n  AVritinpT  and  Gluss  Fmboisiner-  A  Com- 
■plete,  Pra-^tical  Illustrated  Manual  of  the  Art.  By 
James  Calliogham.    12mo.    SI. 50. 

t\.  Cotiipi^te  Gui'<«  for  'loach  Fnint*>rs. 
Translated  from  the  French  of  M.  Arlot,  Coach 
Painter.  By  A.  A.  Fesquet,  Chemist  and  Engineer. 
12mo.     $1.25. 

A  Practical  Treatise  on  the  Pabricati^n  of 
Volatile  Hnd  Fat  Varni*hes.  Larqu^rs,  <-icca 
tivfs  aud    •iealint;  Waxt-s     From  the  German  of 
Erwin  Andres,  Dr  E.  Wiuckler  and  Louis  F.  Andes. 
By  Wm.  T.  Brannt.     Illustrated.     l'2mn.     S2.5). 

The  Pai  t^r's  Encynl  pw-'i*.  By  Franklin  B. 
Gardner.    Il'ustrated     r2mo.    $2  00. 

»i'verybody's  Paint  Book.  Illuslrated.  I2mo. 
3100. 

The  C  -mpletf  Tarriatre  and  Wfffon  Painter 
By  F.  Schriber.    Illust-ated.    12[no.    SI  00. 

rm'The  above  or  anu  of  our  BooJc^  sent  b>/  mail,  free  nf 
posi age,  at  the  publication  price,  to  any  address  in  th". 
world, 

(W  Onr  New  and  enlarged  Catalomte  of  Prac- 
tical and  Scie  ntific  Books — S6  pagem,  Sm  —and  otlwr 
catalogues  aent  free  to  any  one  in  iwj  part  of  the  iVorld 
ivho  iifiilfuriiish  his  address. 

HENRY  CAREY  BAIRD  &  CO., 

iNDUSTRIALPUFSLIsniillS,  UUOKSELLERS  ANDlnil'ORTF.R.'S, 

Mlo  WalDut  Street,  Phila<le1phia. 

The  Celebrated  H.  H.  H  Liniment. 


The  H.  H.  H.  Llnlnient  Is  lor  the  treatment  of 
the  Aches  and  Pains  of  Humanity,  as  well  as  (or  the  ail- 
ments of  the  beasts  of  the  fields.  Teatimonials  from 
importers  and  breeders  of  blooded  stock  prove  Its  won- 
derful ourative  properties.  No  man  has  ever  used  it  for 
an  aohe  or  pain  and  been  dissatisfied. 

H.  H.  MOORE  &  SONS,  Stockton,  Cal.,  Proprietors. 
'  Fob  SaiiB  bt  all  DanoaiBTS. 


^^  improved:  ; 


^SMi 


.Fob  CATALOGUES,  ESTIMATES,  ETC.,  AbOBESS,; . 

Clayton  Air  Compressor  Works' 

OF    BROOKLYN;     PJ      Y.  ■ 

43  PEY  ST.,  NEW  YORK. 


TUBBS  CORDAGE  CO. 

(A  Corporation.) 

Constantly  on  hand  a  full  assortment  of  Manila  Rope, 
Duplex  Rope,  Tarred  Manila  Rope,  Hay  Rope,  Whale  Line, 
etc. ,  etc. 

Extra  sizes  and  lengths  made  to  order  on  short  notice, 

611  &  613  Front  St..  San  Francisco,  Cal, 


VAN   DUZEN'S 

STEAMjetPUMP 

For  MILLS,  FACTORIES,  SHOPS,  ETC. 

For  ElcvaliiDS  ami  Conveying;  liiqaids. 
For  Eniiptyii);;  I'ils.  .Siiib»,  CeMHpools,  etc.* 

aniS  :iM  it  B'irc  i*iaiii|>. 
lOSizcN.   S'^  flit  WIS-  Kv«*fylPui»i>  warranted. 

Write  lor  JJuscriplive  Pump  Circular,  v 

VAN    DU2EN  &  TIFT.  CINCINNATI.  O. 


INVENTORS.      TAKE       NOTICE ! 

L,  petersonTmodel  maker, 

258  Market  St.,  N.  E.  cor.  Front  (up  Btairs),  San    Francsico 
Experimental  machinery  and  ail  kiuds  of  models.  Tin 
and  brasswork.    All  uommunicatious  strictly  canfiden- 
tial. 


PACIFIC    ROLLING   MILL    CO., 


MANUFAOTURfiBS  OF., 


UP   TO    20,000   LBS.    WBiaHT. 

True  to  pattern  and  superior  In  strength,  toughness  and  durability  to  Oast  or  Wrouffht 
Iron  In  any  position  or  for  any  service. 

GEARINGS,  SHOES,  DIES,  CAMS,  TAPPETS,  PISTON-HEADS,  RAILROAD  and  MA 
CHINERY  CASTINGS  of  Every  Description. 


HOMOGENEOUS  STEEL, 


SOFT  and  DUCTILE, 

SUPERIOR  TO  IRON  FOR 


LOCOMOTIVE  AND  MARINE  FORGINGS. 

ALSO  Steel  Rods,  from  ^  to  S  inch  diameter  and  Flats  trom  1  to  8  Inch.  Angles,  Tees,  Channels  and  other  shape 
Steel  Wagon',  Buggy,  and  Truck  Tures,  Plow  Steel;  Machinery  and  Special  Shape  Steel  to  size  and  lengths 
STEEL  BAILS  from  12  to  45  pounds  per  yard.  ALSO,  Ballroad  and  Merchant  Iron,  Rolled 
Beams,  Angle,  Channel,  aud  T  Iron,  Bridge  and  Machine  Bolts,  Lag  Screws,  Nuts,  Washers,  Ship  and  Boat 
Spikes;  Steamboat  Shafts,  Cranks,  Pistons,  Connecting  Rods,  etc  Car  and  Locomotive  Axles  and  Frames, 
and  Iron  Forglngs  of  all  kinds,  Iron  and  Steel  Bridge  aud  Roof  Work  a  Specialty. 

HIGHEST  PRICE  PAID  FOB  SCRAP  IRON  AND  STEEL. 

iar  Orders  will  have  prompt  attention.     Send  for  Catalogues.     Address 

PACIFIC  ROLLING  MILI   CO..  202  Market  St.,  San  Francisco. 


FULTON     IRON    WORKS 


HINCKLEY,  SPIERS    & 

(ESTABLISHED 


HAYES.  Proprietors. 

IN     1855-1 


— MANUPACTURBRa     OP — 


TUSTIN'S    PULVERIZER. 


MARINE  ENGINES  AND  BOILBRS.- 
Propeller  Engines,  either  High  Pressure  or  Compound, 
Stern  or  Side-wheel  Engines. 

MINING  MAOHINERY.-Holstlng  Engines  and 
Works,  Cages,  Ore  Buckets,  Ore  Cars,  Pumping  Engines 
and  Pumps,  Water  Buckets,  Pump  Columns,  Air  Com- 
preasora.  Air  Receivers,  Air  Pipes. 

MILL  MACHINERY.-Battorios  (or  Dry  or  Wet 
Crushing,  Amalgamating  Pans,  Settlers,  Furnaces,  Re- 
torts, Concentrators,  Ore  Feeders,  Rock  Breakers,  Fur- 
naces for  Reducing  Ores,  Water  Jackets,  eto. 

MISCELLANEOUS  MACHINERY.— Flour 
Mill  Machinery,  Saw  Mill  Engines  and  Boilers,  Dredging 
Machinery,  Powder  Mill  Machinery,  Water  Wheels. 

Tustin's  Pulverizer 

WORKS  ORE  WET  OR  DRY. 


ENGINESsBOILERS 

OF    ALL    KINDS, 

Eltlier  for  use  on  Steamboats  or  for  nee  on  Land. 

Water  Pipe,  Pump  or  Air  Columns,  Fish 

Tanks  for  Salmon  Canneries 

OF   BVBRT   DKBORIPTION. 

Boiler  Repairs  Promptly  attended  to  and  at  v^ry  mooerate  rates. 

AQBNTS  FOR  THB  PACIFIC  COAST  FOR  THB 

^>eA;Xxo   Ste^-zxi.  lEMxiaa.-^. 

SPECIALTIES  : 

Corliss  Engines  and  Tastln  Ore  Pulverizers.  DEANS    STEAM    PUMP. 

Agents  and.  Manufacturers  of  the  Llewellyn  Feed  Water  Purifier  and  Heater. 


THE  GIANT  POWDER  COMPANY 

Manulaoture  Three  Kinds  of  Powder,  which  are  ackoowledged  by  all  the  Great  Chemiata  of  the  World  aa 

The  Safest  and  Strongest  High  Explosives  in  the  Market. 

Of  Different  Strengths  as  Required. 

NOBSI-'S    EXPLOSIVE     GELATINE,"    which  contains    94   per  cent  of  NltTO-OIyceTlne,  and 

GEIiATINE-DTNABIITE,  Stronger  than  Dynamite  and  even  Safer  in  Handling. 


x>'S'xia'.a.iia:xa?:E:, 


JUDSON  POWDER  IMPBOVED. 

FOR  BAILKpADS  AND  LAND  CLEARING.  Is  from  three  to  four  times  stronger  than  ordinary  Blast- 
ing: Powder,  and  is  used  by  all  the  Railroads  and  Gravel  Claims,  as  it  breaks  more  jtrround,  pulverhea  better  and 
saves  time  and  money.     It  is  as  dry  as  the  ordinary  Blasting  Powder  and  rmia  as  freely. 

BANDMANN,  MIELSEN  &  CO.« 

GENERAL  AGENTS.  HAN  FRANCISCO  OAL. 


OAFS  and  FUSE  for  Sale 


QUARTZ  SCREENS 


A  specialty.  Round,  slot 
or  burred  slot  holes.  Gen- 
uine Russia  Iron,  Homo- 
geneouB  Steel,  Caat  Steel  or 
American  planished  Iron. 
Zinc,  Copper  or  Brass  Screens  for  all  purposes.  Cali- 
fornia Perforating  Screen  Co..  145  &  147  Beale  St .  S.  F. 


COAL  MINES  OF  THE  WESTERN  COAST. 

A  few  copies  of  this  work,  the  only  one  ever  published 
treating  of  Pacific  Coast  Coal  Mining,  have  been  ob- 
tained, and  are  for  sale  at  this  office  for  S2.50  per  copy. 
It  was  written  by  W.  A.  Goodyear,  Mining  and  Ci^il 
Engineer,  formerly  of  the  California  State  Geological 
Survey. 


N.  W.  SPAULDING 

Manufacturers  of 
SPAULDINQ'S 

Inserted  Tootb 

AND 

CHISEL    BIT 

CmcCLAR 

Saws. 

SAW  MILLS   AND   MAOHINEEY 

or  all  kinds  made^to  order.    Send  (or  Desoriptive  Cata 
logue.     17  and  19  Frenaont  St.,  San  Francisco 


ll0V28  188 


Irop  apd  ^achipe  h\k- 


UNION    IRON   WORKS, 

8AOBAMBNTO,  OAL. 

ROOT,    NBILSON     &    OO., 

MANnFACTURBKS  OF 

Steam     Engines,    Boilers, 

AND  ALL  RINDS  OF 

MACHINERY  FOR  MINING  PURPOSES. 

Flouring  Mills,  Saw  Mills  and  Quartz  Mills  HacUoery 
constructed,  fitted  up  and  repaired. 

Front  St.,  bet.  N  &  O  Sts.,         Sacramento,  Oal. 


CALIFORNIA    MACHINE   WORKS, 

WM.  H.  BIRCH  &  CO., 

ENGINEERS     AND     MACHINISTS, 


No.  110  Beale  St., 


San  Francisco. 


BUILDBRB  OF 

Steam  EntiineB,  Saw  Mills,  Mining  Machinery,  Dredging 
Machines,  Rock  Crushers,  Cable  Railway  Machinery, 
Ellithorp  Air  Bralie  Co.'s  Patent  Steam  and  Hydraulic 
Elevators,  Air  Cushions  and  Air  Brakes.  POSITIVE 
SAFETIES.  Improved  Ram  Elevators,  Sidewalk  and 
Hand  Hoists.  B.  E.  Henrickson'a  Patent  Automatic 
Safety  Catchea 

Machines  of  all  kinds  Made  and  Repaired. 
Orders  Solicited. 


^       AMEKIOAN        '^i 
MACHINE  AND  MODEL  WORKS. 

OEER    CUTTING,    ETC. 

We  have  sold  Ihe  moat  nf  a  car-load  at  a  profit  sufficieni; 
to  warrant  the  sale  of  the  reniaincler  at  Eastern  cost 
prices.  The  balance  consistB  <"  f  one  second-band  4  foot 
iron  planer,  one  Drill  Press,  larj^e  and  small  Screw- 
Cutting  Lathes,  one  Blacksmith's  Bellows,  Shafting, 
Belting,  etc. 

I.  A.  HEALD. 


108  Main  Street 


San  Francisco. 


Golden  State  &  Miners  Iron  Works. 

Macufaoture  Iron  OastlnsH  and  MacUnery 
of  all  Kinds  at  Qreatly  Bednced  Bates. 

STEVENSON'S  PATENT 

Mold-Board  AMALGAMATORS, 
Golden  State  Pressure  Blowers. 

flret  St.,  between  Boward  Si  Folsom;  8.  P. 


PHOMAS   TB0MP80N 


THORNTON  THOUPSON 


THOMPSON    BROTHERS. 

EUREKA    FOUNDRY, 

129  and  131  Beale  St.,  between  Mission  and  Howard,  S.  F 

HANnFAOTUKRRS  OF  OASTINaS   OF   BVIRT   DBSORIPTIOR. 


Mining    Engineers. 


W.  A.  GOODYEAR, 

Civil    and    Mining    Engineer, 

MINING  EXPERT  AND  GEOLOGIST. 
Addreas  "  BusineBS  Box  A,"  office  of  this  paper,  San 
Prancisco. 


ROSS   E.  BROWNE. 

Mining   and  Hydraulic  Engii\eer, 

No.  307  Sanbohb  St.,  San  Fkanoisoo. 


THE  RUSSELL  PROCESS  COMP'Y. 

TALCOTT  H.  RUSSELL,  Secretary, 
NEW  HAVEN  CONN. 

p.  O.  Box  496. 


BUTTE,    MONTANA, 

The  railroad,  mining  and  commercial  center  of  the  new 
State,  offers  some  of  the  best  inducements  for  invest- 
ments  in 

Real  Estate,  Mines  &  Mining  Stock 

of  any  locality  in  the  Nortnwest.  For  particulars  address 
The  Bvana-Terry-CJausBen  Brokerage  Oo., 
41   B.  Broart-way,  Butte,  Montana. 


GRANGER'S  ROLLER  STAMP  Mill 

Beats  tbem  a!!,  "Works  dry  ores.  Blakes  c\en  gran- 
ulation.   Is'o  dead  work,  licnce  minimum  wear. 

A.  P.  GKAXGEE,  Denver,  Colo. 

GRANGER'S  dFoRE  SEPARATOR 

The  very  best:  Uses  no  wator.  No  IVeozing  up. 
Raves  haulinK  waste.  Suvcs  liigli  percentage.  Send 
lor  circulars. 

A.  P.  GRANGER,  Denver,  Colo.   . 


DAnfTnfinfnnn  '^''(^  r€<inested  to  be  sure  and  notify  us 
r  IISI  MlnSlliI  S  "ben  this  paoer  is  not  takeQ  from 
1.  VUtUlUUiViU  their  oOico.  If  not  stopped  promptly 
through  oversight  or  other  mishap),  do  ub  the  favor  to 
■\tv  aK»lQ. 


Mab.  22,  1890 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


211 


IMPROVED    BELT    FRUE   ORE  CONCENTRATOR. 


The  Beet  Ore  CoDceDtrator  in  the  market,  having  doubln 
the  Capacity  and  doing  its  work  aa  close  aa  the  plain  Belt 
machine,  while  its  concentrations  are  clean.  It  is  need  in 
a  number  of  Mills,  the  most  notable  of  which  is  the 
Alaska  M.  A.  M.  Go's  Mill,  where  24  Improved  Belt  Frues 
are  taking  the  Palp  from  120  Stamps,  omahing  350  tons 
per  day,  and  is  givioK  entire  satisfaction  as  against  48 
plain  Belt  Machines,  taking  the  Palp  from  the  other  120 
Stamps, 


Price  of  Improved  Belt  Frue  Vanner,  $900,  f.  o.  b. 
Price   of   Plain  Belt   Frue   Vanner,  $575,  f.  o.  b. 


For  Pamphlets,  Testimonials  and  farther  information 
apply  at  office. 

ADAMS  &  CARTER,  Agents  FRUE  VANNING  MACHINE  CO.,  Room  15. 


Protected  by  Patents  December  22,  1874;  September  2, 
1879;  April  27.  1880;  March  22,  1881;  Febraary  20,  1883; 
September  IS.  1883;  July  24,  1888.     Patents  applied  for. 

There  are  Over  2200  Plain  Belt  Machines  now 
in  Use. 

Tes  MOKTAXA  COMPA>-Y  (Limited),  LoNiWN.  October  8,  J886. 
DsAft  Sirs  :— Having  tested  three  of  your  Fruo  Vanners  in  a  com- 
petitlvo  trial  with  other  similar  machincB  (Triumph),  we  have  satisfied 
ourselves  of  the  superiority  of  your  VanDors.  as  is  uvidenced  by  the 
fact  of  our  liavinc  ordered  20  more  of  your  machines  for  immediate 
deliver)'.     Yours  truly,         THE  MONTANA  COMPANY  (Limited). 

N.  B.—Slr-ce  the  above  was  written  the  20  VaoDers,  haviDB:  been 
started,  gave  such  satisfactioD  that  44  additional  Frues  and  more 
stamps  have  been  purcbaaed.  ADAMS    &    CARTER. 

No.  132  Market  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


"TRIUMPH"  ORE  CONCENTRATOR  with  IMPROVED  RIFFLED  BELT. 


The  competitive  trials  which  have  been  held  between  the 
"Triumph"  Ore  Concentrators,  the  "  Frue"  VannerB  and 
other  forms  of  concentrating  devices,  do  not  warrant  the  as- 
sertion that  the  *'Frue  *  Vanner  is  the  best  ore  concentrator  in 
the  market.  The  fact  that  the  "Frues"  have  improved  (cor- 
rai^ated)  belts  does  not  militate  against  the  saperiority  of  the 
"Triumphs;"  for,  when  desired,  they  (the  "Triumphs")  can 
he  mounted  with  a  superior  belt  known  aa  the  *'  Blasdel  " 
Riffled.  

Price  "  Triumph"  Concentrators,  with  Im- 
proved (Patented)  Belt       ■       •       -        $650  f.  o.  h. 

Price  "  Triumph "  Concentralors,  with 
Plain  Belt $550  f.  o.  h. 


We  are  prepared  to  gTiarantee  the  sup  riority  of  the  "  Tiiumph  " 
the  "  Fruo  "  or  any  other  form  of  Concentrator,  for  coin  if  need  be. 
Circulars  and  teetimouial  letters  furnished  on  application. 


■-:--X 


JOSHUA  HENDY  MACHINE  WORKS. 

39  to  51  Fremont  Street,      San  Francisco,  Cal, 


CE^-A-TIB  INT  1713  X>-) 

Both  the  "Triumph"  Concentrator  and  "BlaBdel"  {riflled) 
Belt  are  protected  by  incnntestable  letters  patent,  granted 
by  the  Cravernment  of  the  United  States. 

Original  Empire  Mill  and  Mining:  Company,  .    \ 

Principal  Office,  401  Caliloriiia  St.,  cor.  Sansome,  S.  P.      J- 

Location  of  Worke,  Grata  Valley,  Nevada  Co.,  Cal.  j 

Grass  Vallev,  Nrvada  Co.,  Cal.,  Nov.  10,  1886. 

Joshiia  Hendy  ifachitie  Works,  J'j  to  51  Fremont  St.,  S.  F.,  Cal.: 

Gentlkmbn— I  am    pleased   to  state,  in  reference  to  the  •'  Triumph" 

Ore  Concentrators.  Ithat  four  (4)  of  them  were  placed  in  the  m'll  of  the 

Original  Emipte  Mill  and  Mining  Company  in  April,  1884,  and  a  thorougrh 

"    teet   made   of  their    prncticul  cper  tion;  and  their  etticicncy  havinp  been 

:_    demonstrated,  tour  (4)  more  were  Mubsequcntly  introduced  as  the  comple- 

'    ment  of  the  Twenty   (20)  Stamp  Mill,  and  the  eigbt  (8j  have  been  and  are 

now  running  with  entirely  satisfactory  resulta. 

At  the  Ten  (10)  Stamp  Mill  of  the  North  Star  Mming  Company,  un-'er 
my  supervivion,  four  (4)  are  also  in  surcesaful  operation,  and  from  my 
obeervation  of  their  praciical  workings,  I  am  convinced  that  this  form  of 
Concentrators  is  the  equal,  if  not  superior  to  any  othc  Btvle  of  Vaunera 
or  concentrating  devices.  DAVID  McKAY,  Jr., 

[Signed]  Sup't  North  Star  and  Original  Empire  Mining  Co. 

N.  B.  When  the  stamping  capacity  of  the  two  above  named  mills  was  in- 
creased, more  "  Triumph  "  Concentrators  were  purchased,  and  twenty- 
eight  (28)  are  now  in  constant  succoisful  operation. 


CALIFORNIA    WIRE    WORKS 

hallidie's 
Patent  VV'RE  Ropeway, 


MANUl^-ACTUKERS  OF 

Steel  Wire   Rope, 

OF  ALL  KINDS  FOR 

CABLE  RAILWAYS, 

ROPEWAYS  and  TRAMWAYS, 

Mining,  Shipping  &  General  Purposes. 


ESTABLISHED  1852. 


INCCRPORATED  1882. 


-i/'*^^' 


WIRE, 

BARBED  WIRE, 
WIRE  NAILS, 

WIRE    CLOTH 

Full  Assortment  Always  In  Stock. 


OFFICE: 

9  Fremont  Street,  SanTrancisco. 

Send  for  Illustrated  Catalogue. 


^ 


For  the  Economical  and  Eapid 

Transportation    of   Ore 

and  other  material. 


Erected  by  Us  During  the  Past  Fourteen  Years  in  Sj'ans 

200  TO  2.000  FEET. 


Simple,  Economical  and  Durable. 


^^^^^Vv 


TKANSPOBTATION   OF   OBE  BT  HAI^I-IDIB'S  PATENT  WIBE  BOPBWAY. 


HAVE   BEEN  THOROUGHLY  TESTED 
fn  all  Paris  of  the  Country. 


Vulcan  Iron  "W^orks, 

135-145  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco,  O.al. 

Mining  MacMnery.  Steam  Engines. 


STAMP  BATTERIES, 

PANS  AND  SETTLERS, 

ROCK  BREAKERS,  ETC.,  ETC. 


SAW-MILL  1 

cable-road     -machinery. 
refrigeratingJ 


Special  Machinery  to  Order. 

AERIAL    WIRE    ROPEWAYS. 

(Vulcan  Patent  System) 

SINGLE,   ENDLESS    TRAVELING   ROPE. 

Elevated  on  Wooden  Posts,  from  150  to  2000  feet  apart, 
conveyiatr  Buckets  of  Ore,  Coal,  Wood,  etc. 


HOISTING  ENGINES  FOR  MINES 


1,2,  or  4  Drums,  with  Reversible  Link 
Motion  or  Pat.  Improved  Friction. 


MADE   ONLY   BY   THB 


LIDGERWOOD  M'F'G  CO.. 

96  Liberty  St.,  New  York. 

34  and  86  West  Monroe  St.,  Chicago. 

197  to  203  Congress  St.,  Boston. 

PACIFIC    COAST    AGENTS, 

PARKE  &  LACY  CO.,  San  Francisco. 

Send  for  Catalae:ue. 


No  Possibility  of  Iioad  Slipping. 

Cheapest  Form,  of  Transportation. 

No   road   needed;    can  be  run  vertically.    No  power 
needed  if  angle  of  descent  be  more  than  S  degrees. 

CAX  SPAX  GULCHES    3000  FEET  WIDE. 


ESTABLISHED    1866. 


Pacific  Chemical  Works. 

HENRY    G.    HANKS, 

Practical  and  Indnstrial  Cheiist,  Assayer 
and  Geologist, 

718  MONTGOMERY  ST^^ -        SAN  FRANCISCO. 

1^ Will  report  on  the  condition  and  value  of  any  mining  property  on 
the  Pacific  Coast.  Kare  Chemloals  oiade  to  order,  instruotione  given  iu 
AflBBying  and  Practical  CbemlBtry. 


212 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press.> 


[Mae.  22,  1890 


PARKE    &    LACY  COMPANY 


-IMPOBTBRS    AND    MANUFACTCTRBES    OF- 


MINING,    MILL    and    GENERAL     MACHINERY. 


ENGINES,  BOILERS,  STEAM  PUMPS, 

AIR  COMPRESSORS,  ROOK  DRILLS, 
WALL'S  CRUSHING  ROLLS, 

CONCENTRATORS,  PULVERIZERS. 

TURBINE  WATER  WHEELS,   l3s>'>j^ 

ROOK  BEBAKBRS,  DRY  JIGS.^^a?!^'".^  jj  ^c 

Bullock's  Diamond  Drills 


.  GOLDEN  GATE  CONCENTRATORS, 

GREATEST  CAPACITY  OF  ANY  CONCENTRATOR  MADE, 
One  Machine  Taking  Pulp  from  10  Stamps. 


SAW    MILLS,    MACHINE    TOOLS, 
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BELTING,  PACKING,  OILS,  LUBRICATORS, 
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COMPOUND,  **  ENGINES, 


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189  Clarence  St.,  Sydney,  N.  S.  W. 


NOTICE  TO  GOLD  MINERS! 


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521  &  523  Market  St.,  San  Francisco, 


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prices  greatly  reduced. 

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Our  Plates  have  been  used  for  20  years.    They  have  proved  the  beet.    We  adhere  strictly  to  contract  in  welsht  of  Silver  and 
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Concentrators  and  Ore  Crushers, 
Mining  Mactiinery  of  Every  Description.        Steam  Engines  and  Sliingle  Machines. 


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Centrlfagal  Boiler  Quartz  Mill. 


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s.A.jsr    I'H.^A.isrGnscio,    ca-Ij. 


PERFECT  PULLEYS 

First  Premium  Awarded  at  Mechanics'   Pair,    1884. 

Sole  Licensed  Manufacfcurere  of  the 

MEDAET    PATENT    WEOUGHT    EIM    PULLET 

For  the  States  of  California,  Oregon  and  Nevada,  and  the  Territories  of  Idaho,  Washingtoo 

Montana,  Wyoming,  Utah  and  Arizona.      Lightest,  Strongest,  Cheapest  and 

Best  Balanced  Pulley  in  the  World.     Also  Manufacturers  of 

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J^SBHS  for  ClROTTLAHq  AKD  F^lOB  LlST.*^ 

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H.  D.  MORRIS, 
220  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco, 

MANUFACTURERS'  aM  PUECHASING  AGENT. 

Special  attentif^"  given  to  purchase  of 

MINE  and  MILL  SUPPLIES. 


ADAMANTINE  SHO£9  AND   DIBS.— Guar- 

ftnteed   to  prove  better  and  cheaper  than  any  others. 
Orders  solicited,  subject  to  above  coDditlonB. 

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SOLB   AGENT  FOR 


LRUSHER  PLATES, 

— AND — 

Chrome   Cast   Steel  for 
Book  DrlUs,  Etc. 


iiiiirai 


ABAMAWttmX. 


VOL.    LX.-  Number  13- 

DEW£Y  &  CO.,  PusutHEm. 


SAN    FRANCISCO,    SATURDAY,  MARCH  29,   1890. 


Three  Dollars  per  Aunum. 
Single  Copies,  10  Cts. 


Quarrying  Sandstone. 

We  give  herewith  aa  engraviiiff  ahowing  the 
method  of  qnftrrying  triaaaio  aandetone  at  Port- 
Uod,  C'ddd.,  taken  from  Geo.  P.  Merrill's 
Smlthflontan  monograph  oq  "  Boilding  Stones." 
As  now  wortced,  the  quarries  desoeod  with  ab» 
Bolately  perpendicular  walla  on  three  aides  for 
a  depth  of  150  feet,  the  fourth  aide  being  slop- 
ing to  allow  for  the  passage  of  teams  and  work- 
men, lo  quarrying,  ohanneliDg  machines  are 
aaed  to  some  extent,  though  In  many  oases 
large  blooke  are  first  loosened  by  powder  and 
these  then  split  up  by  wedges.  The  blocks  are 
then  elightly  trimmed  up  and  shipped,  soarcely 
any  of  the  material  being  dressed  at  the  quar- 
ries. Some  of  these  blocks  have  been  shipped 
to  thia  city.  Little  quarrying  is  done  in  cold 
weather,  as  oare  must  be  taken  agattiet  freezing 
while  the  stone  is  full  of  quarry  water,  a  tem- 
perature of  22°  being  enough  to  freeze  and 
burst  five  blocks  of  freshly  quarried  material. 
About  a  week  or  ten  days  of  good  drying 
weather  Is  oonaidered  sufficient  to  eo  season  a 
atooe  aa  to  place  it  beyond  danger  from  frost. 


Edisox,  the  inventor,  ie  experimenting  with 
sulphuret  ores  from  North  Carolina,  and  is  re- 
ported to  have  perfected  a  process  for  working 
them.  It  is  to  be  hoped  that  he  has  a  cheap 
-  method,  in  which  case  there  is  plenty  of  room 
for  him  to  introduce  his  process  In  CaUfornia, 


VIEW    IN    A    QUARRY    OP    TBIASSIC    SANDSTONE. 


GRAND    CANYON    OF    THE    GOLORADO-AT    THE!    FOOT    OP    THE    TOROWBAP    VALLEY,    LOOKINO    EiA8T.-Sse  page  220. 


214 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Mab.  29,  1890 


Sof^F^ESPOfJDE^CE. 


We  admit,  unindorsed,  opinioos  of  correspondents. — Eds. 


The  Stewart  Mining  Bill. 

A  Defective  Measure  Criticised. 
Editors  Phess:— In  the  Bpriogof  ISSS,  Sen- 
ator Wm.  M.  Stewart  intimated  publicly  that 
he  wiBhed  mioeTs  and  mining  writers  to  criti* 
ciae  a  mining  bill  he  had  introduced  in  Con* 
gresB.  This  naturally  led  to  the  bslief  that  he 
was  willing  to  receive  and  would  make  use  of 
sound,  practical  suggeations  in  perfecting- the 
measure.  Several  correepondents  of  the  Press 
offered  excellent  advice,  and  abated  their  objec- 
tions to  some  of  the  changes  proposed  in  the 
esiatiog  law.  Oa  March  10,  18SS,  there  ap- 
peared in  the  Press  a  copy  of  a  letter  I  had  ad- 
dressed to  the  Senator  on  that  snbjaot.  In  pri- 
vately replying  to  my  letter,  he  wrote  on 
March  16  ;h  as  follows: 

"  Yours  of  the  22d  ult.  came  duly  to  hand,  I 
have  careEuUy  considered  the  various  subjects 
sugfjeated  by  yon,  and  hope  that  when  the  bill 
is  finally  perfected,  it  will  meet  with  your  ap- 
proval. I  am  not  hurrying  the  matter  at  all, 
in  order  that  everybody  may  have  time  to  con- 
sider the  measure  and  offdr  such  snggeBtions  as 
they  see  fit." 

List  summer  Mr.  Stewart  sent  me  a  printed 
copy  of  his  *'  amended  "  bill  which,  on  January 
10,  18S9,  had  been  ordered  to  be  reported  in 
the  House  of  Representatives.  Along  with  it 
was  a  lithographed  letter,  similar,  as  I  after- 
ward learned,  to  letters  he  had  widely  ad- 
dreBBed  to  the  editors  of  mining  and  local  jaur- 
nals,  again  eoUciting  suggestiona  and  crlti- 
ciBma  in  regard  to  it-  In  reply  to  his,  circular, 
I  wrote  him  to  say  that  it  was  useleBS  to  srag. 
geat  emendations  when  it  was  plain  they  would 
ba  disregarded.  I  also  informed  him  that  un- 
less his  bill  was  improved,  I  should  endeavor  to 
defeat  it  by  calling  the  attention  of  miners  to 
its  dangerous  features. 

Up  to  that  time  I  believe  Mr.  Stawart  was 
sincere  in  his  repeated  calls  for  practical  hint?, 
but  on  discovering  the  fact  that  he  had  not 
adopted  a  single  suggestion  made  by  Press 
correspondents,  I  changed  my  mind,  and  con- 
cluded that  he  required  to  be  closely  watched. 
The  editors  of  the  Press,  however,  still  had 
confidence  in  his  sincerity,  and  besides  print- 
ing the  amended  bill,  they  gave  correspondents 
the  privilege  of  publicly  criticising  it.  For  a 
number  of  months  there  appeared  at  short  in- 
tervals in  its  pagea  sound  practical  letters  from 
distant  points,  in  which  the  defects  of  the  pro- 
posed measure  were  plainly  stated.  The  criti- 
cisms in  these  letters  were  well  fitted  either  to 
aid  its  author  in  improving  it  or  to  warn  him 
that  if  no  improvement  was  effected,  he  would 
have  to  face  a  dissatiefifld  mining  public. 

On  Dacembar  4,  18S9,  Senator  Stewart  in- 
troduced a  new  mining  bill  in  the  Senate, 
which  being  twice  read,  was  referred  to  the 
Committee  on  Mines  and  Miniflg.  Through 
the  kindness  of  Dalegata  M.  A.  Smith  of  Ari- 
zona, I  have  obtained  a  copy  of  the  "  perfected  " 
bill.  It  is  fortunate  for  the  mining  interests  of 
the  conntry  that  Mr.  Smith  is  on  the  above 
committee.  He  is  able,  alert  and  enterprising, 
and  if  convinced  that  the  proposed  legislation 
is  unneceesary,  or  deserving  of  condemnation, 
he  will  fight  against  it  to  good  purpose.  If  the 
-Press  will  on  public  grounds  grant  me  space  to 
criticise  the  new  bill,  I  shall,  in  compliance 
with  Mr.  Stewart's  repeated  requests  in  past 
years,  try  to  expose  its  true  "  inwardness  "  in 
the  sight  of  practical  mining  men. 

In  place  of  this  being  a  new  bill,  it  is  merely 
the  old  one  of  last  year,  and  not  one  of  the 
second  set  of  .suggestions  toward  improving  it 
which  appeared  in  the  Press  has  been  adopted 
any  more  than  the  published  hints  in  its  pages 
two  years  ago.  The  date  and  one  unimportant 
word  have  been  changed,  that  ie  all.  TMb  fact 
seems  to  indicate  that  Mr,  Stewart  must  either 
regard  the  manv  objections — without  any  com- 
mendatiouB — offered  to  the  product  of  his  mind 
as  unworthy  of  coneideration  or  he  has  been 
guilty  of  obtaining  newspaper  notoriety  by 
means  of  representations  that  are  very  far  from 
being  creditable  to  him  as  a  public  man. 

The  First  Change  Proposed 
In  the  Act  of  Congress  approved  May  10,  1872. 
under  the  Stewart  bill,  is  by  the  addition  to 
Section  2319  of  the  following  :  *'  But  no  per- 
son shall  acquire  by  location  more  than  fifteen 
hundred  feet  in  length  on  the  same  vein,  nor 
shall  any  person  relocate  a  claim  which  he  has 
previously  located." 

IE  there  was  a  pressing  demand  by  capital- 
ists for  mines  to  be  explored  in  deep  worke,  and 
oar  wide  mineral  domain  was  so  well  pros- 
pected and  fully  occupied  that  it  was  n.eceBsary 
to  curtail  the  apace  each  operator  should  con- 
trol, so  as  to  afford  room  for  all,  it  might  be 
wise  to  restrict  a  locator  to  a  single  claim  on  a 
given  lode;  but  as  there  are  hundreds  of  mining 
claims  CD  the  market  for  every  cash  buyer  who 
appears,  that  time  has  not  arrived. 
Lodes  in  Groups. 
The  purchasers  of  mines  in  coming  years  will 
want  lodes  in  groups,  both  tO'  econom'ze  in 
work  and  prevent  legal  contests.  They  will 
not  purchase  from  20  claim-owners,  some  of 
whom  will  be  sure  to  demand  ten  times  the 
value  of  their  property,  but  if  they  find  one  or 
two  men  contrcirmg  a  series  of  promising  claims 
which  they  can  buy  and  test  under  a  moderate 
outlay,  they  may  be  tempted  to  invest.     The 


time  is  past  when  a  single  undeveloped  lodd  in 
an  unproved  belt  can  be  sold  at  any  price.  In 
proposing  this  one-ledge  system  Mr.  Stew- 
art seems  to  think  that  the  locator  is  oh* 
taining  a  $20,000  gift  from  the  Government, 
and  to  give  him  two  or  three  times  that  sum  Is 
altogether  too  generous.  If  he  knew  or  con* 
sidered,  however,  that,  except  in  rare  In* 
stances,  the  claimant  of  mining  ground  may 
have  to  wait  six,  eight  or  even  a  dcz3n  years 
before  realizing  anything  from  it,  he  would  bs 
more  reasonable.  Mr,  Stewart  ought  to  know 
that  the  prizas  drawn  by  claim-owners  do  not 
exceed  one  to  the  hundred  of  blanks  which 
amid  great  privationB,  disappointments  and  un- 
n  qiited  toil,  are  silently  accepted  as  one  of  the 
contingencies  of  life.  It  is  to  the  exploring 
skill  and  persevering  work  of  trained  and  edu- 
cated prospectors  that  we  must  look  in  the 
future  for  additions  being  made  to  the  produc- 
ing mines  of  the  country.  It  is  no  longer  pos- 
sible for  a  *'  lucky  tenderfoot "  to  stumble  on  a 
body  of  rich  ore  spread  out  on  the  surface  for 
him  to  claim,  and  perhaps  within  a  month  to 
sell  for  a  fortune.  Since  the  days  of  specula- 
tion are  over,  prospecting  for  mineral  lodes  has 
become  a  legitimate  business,  in  which  the  dis- 
sipated adventurer  of  early  times  can  Ecaroely 
hope  to  succeed.  The  skilled  proBpeotor,  like 
the  inventor,  creates  something  out  of  nothing. 
To  hinder  a  locator  from  grouping  hia  otaimB  is 
simply  putting  a  barrier  in  the  way  of  future 
investors.  To  put  him  in  subjection  to  a  law 
which  practically  declares  that  when  by  years 
of  persevering  effort  he  has  found  a  promising 
lode,  he  must  be  careful  to  give  several  loafers, 
who  have  been  watching  his  operations,  an  op- 
portunity to  Btep  forward  at  the  right  moment 
and  claim  extensions  to  his  discovery,  is 
neither  wise  nor  just.  The  man  who  in  a 
worthless  mountain  diecovera  a  lode  that  in 
coming  years  will  yield  millions  of  dollars  in 
bullion,  is  a  benefactor  to  the  world,  and  he 
deserves  to  be  encouraged  In  making  explora- 
tions by  the  right  to  locate  all  the  claims  he 
can  work  or  utilizo,  Not  one  claim  in  a  dozsn 
proves  of  sufficient  value,  under  the  work  that 
a  prospector  is  able  to  do,  to  warrant  him  in 
holding  it,  unless  he  has  the  prospect  of  mak- 
ing a  sale.  As  he  is  well  aware  of  this  fact  at 
the  outset,  he  wants  to  locate  several  claims, 
from  which  to  select,  after  tests  are  made,  the 
ones  he  will  coutlnue  to  hold. 

The  One-Lode  Proviso. 

But  the  Stewart  one-lode  proviso  cannot  be 
enforced.  A  discoverer  will  use  the  names  of 
friends  and  locate  as  many  claims  as  be  desires. 
Is  it  wise  to  make  laws  that  can  be  easily 
evaded?  If  adopted,  it  would  in  "faulted"  or 
dislocated  mining  ground  prove  the  cause  of 
costly  litigation.  In  such  oases,  and  especially 
where  the  lodes  do  not  appear  boldly  on  the 
BurFace,  it  is  very  difficult  to  determine  their 
true  courses. 

Suppose,  then,  a  locator  finds  a  vein  seemingly 
running  north  and  south  and  stakes  it  off,  and 
later  on  finds  another  higher  on  the  mountain 
which  he  also  locates.  He  sells  the  first  loca- 
tion for  a  small  price  so  that  he  may  be  able  to 
work  on  the  other,  which  at  a  later  date  is 
bought  by  a  second  investor. 

After  years  of  outlay  by  two  companies  it  ia 
proved  that  the  former  ia  on  a  "slide,"  and 
both  locations  are  on  the  same  vein.  Then  will 
come  a  confiict  in  the  courts,  and  experts  will 
testify  as  to  the  "apex"  of  the  lode  being  with- 
in one  set  of  surface  lines,  while  its  main  body 
is  elsewhere,  but  if  a  vein  connection  can  be 
made  from  the  first  location,  the  owners  of  the 
second  may  lose  everything.  Bit  why  in  the 
namB  of  oommon  sense  should  statutea  be 
framed  that  can  by  any  poseibility  bring  about 
such  contests ?  If  Senator  Stewart  is  disposed 
to  argue  that  the  contemplated  change  in  the 
law  would  not  have  the  effect  described,  he  will 
in  that  fact  prove  that  he  does  not  possesa  suf- 
ficient practical  knowledge  on  the  eubjaotto 
enable  him  to  deal  with  it  legislatively. 

If  his  real  object  is  to  promote  litigation,  one 
can  easily  perceive  how  conaiatently  he  is  striv- 
ing to  attain  hie  end  and  understand  also  why 
he  has  disregarded  every  suggestion  and  warn- 
ing he  has  received. 

Relocating  Forbidden. 
The  quotation  already  given  from  the  Stew- 
art bill  forbids,  as  will  be  seen,  the  relocating 
of  mining  ground  by  any  person  who  formerly 
owned  it.  In  a  mining  camp  which  has  been 
dead  for  years,  it  seems  unreasonable  to  decree 
that  an  abandoned  lode  may  be  claimed  by  a 
prospector  who  never  saw  it  before,  while  its 
original  discoverer  shall  not  be  allowed  to  touch 
it.  In  such  a  case  the  lode  had  probably  years 
before  returned  to  the  mineral  domain,  and 
having  become  free  to  all,  why  should  the  man 
who  by  reason  of  adversity  or  local  depression 
was  forced  to  let  it  go  be  excluded,  when  bet- 
ter times  have  come,  from  resuming  pOBseasion? 

If  the  Stewart  law  were  in  force  it  would  be 
the  cause  of  much  mine- jumping  and  serioua 
loss  to  the  owners  of  imperfectly  located  loctea. 
It  is  often  the  case  that  uneducated  men  fail 
to  describe  their  claims  according  to  the  law. 
Usually  this  defect  ia  corrected  when  a  survey 
for  patent  is  made,  but  under  the  Stewart 
measure  such  a  correction  could  not  be  effected. 
If  it  were. enacted,  steps  would  be  taken  to  find 
6.aw8  in  the  record  notices  of  every  mining 
claim  of  promise.  Surely  no  equitable  interest 
can  be  injured  by  giving  the  owners  of  such 
ground  the  right  as  they  have  at  present  to 
amend  their  location  notices  by  re-recording. 

The  constant  relocating  of  mining  claims  at 
the  end  of  every  year  is  an  evil  which  ought  to 
be  stopped,  but   that  can   be  readily  done  by 


making  it  Imperative  that  before  a  relocation 
could  ba  recorded,  an  affidavit  must  be  pro- 
duced showing  that  a  specified  amount  of  work 
had  been  done.  By  doing  such  work  before- 
hand, a  defective  location  could  be  amended.' 
If  the  owners  of  old  locations  found  that  relo- 
cating was  nearly  as  expeuBive  as  holding  them 
by  work,  it  would  soon  be  given  up.  This  was 
one  of  the  changes  in  the  present  law  suggested 
by  a  Press  correspondent  to  Mr.  Stewart,  but 
it  did  not  suit  bis  views.  The  enactment  he 
suggests  would  leave  matters  jast  as  they  were 
before — the  new  law,  if  adopted,  would  be 
evaded  by  using  the  names  of  friends  in  reloca- 
tions, 

A  Bad  Change. 

Ssction  2324  of  the  Revised  Statutes  is 
changed  by  the  Stewart  bill  to  read  as  folio wb: 
"All  records  of  mining  claims  hereafter  made 
shall  oontaln  the  name  or  names  of  the  locat- 
ors, the  date  of  the  location,  and  such  a  de- 
Boription  of  the  claim  or  claims  located  as  will 
identify  the  claim."  In  the  mining  law  of 
1872,  the  words  "by  reference  to  some  natural 
obi  set  or  permanent  monument"  are  found 
af  cer  "  claims  located  "  in  the  above  extract. 
It  will  thus  be  seen  that  Mr.  Stewart  aeeka  to 
do  away  with  that  clause  in  our  present  law 
which  has  made  it  impoasible  to  perpetrate 
frauds  by  means  of  "  fioating"  locations.  Un- 
der the  indefiaite  requirements  of  the  law  of 
1866  as  to  locating  mining  grounds,  it  was  an 
easy  matter  for  rascals  to  assert  and  prove  that 
some  new  and  valuable  discovery  belonged  to 
them. 

Oa  turning  to  the  records,  a  claim  in  their 
names  would  be  fonnd,  but  its  position 
not  being  stated.  It  would  be  used  whenever 
its  owners  might  declare  the  location 
was  originally  made.  Prior  to  1872,  the  locat- 
or of  a  promising  lode  was  almost  certain  to 
find  his  title  disputed  by  men  who  had  never 
seen  it  before,  and  in  one  well-known  caae  in 
Eureka,  Nevada,  a  location  was  "floated  "  sev- 
eral mites,  and  in  a  costly  suit  the  legitimate 
owners  lost  their  property.  What,  then,  can 
Senator  Stewart's  object  be  In  proposing  so  to 
change  the  law  that  there  will  be  no  necessity 
for  anchoring  a  claim  down  to  some  particular 
hill,  so  many  feet  or  yards  approximately  from 
a  peak,  iron  tower,  spring  or  fork  in  a  well- 
known  ravine?  Does  he  not  here  once  more 
show  that  he  wishes  to  promote  litigation  ? 

The  vague  language  he  substltutee  for  the 
present  clear  and  entirely  satisfactory  require- 
ment in  locating  a  lode  will  not  only  admit  of 
frauds  being  commenced  again,  but  will  seem  to 
encourage  them.  Would  not  fraudulent  lo- 
cators always  be  ready  to  "identify"  their 
claims  ?  The  great  trouble  20  years  ago  was 
that  "  identification  "  was  altogether  too  easy, 
and  if  Stewart's  "amendment"  ia  adopted  it 
will  become  very  easy  once  more. 

The  requirement  in  the  Stewart  measure 
that  surface  lines  of  a  claim  should  ba  shown 
by  posts  or  monuments  would  not  remedy  the 
evil,  for  false  testlmonv  as  to  these  would  al- 
ways be  available.  Those  of  ns  who  knew 
Attorney  William  M.  Stewart  contesting  min- 
ing cases  on  theComstock  lode,  nearly  30  years 
ago,  are  aware  that  he  is  fully  alive  to  the  im- 
portance of  monuments  when  questions  of 
identity  come  before  judges  and  juries.  Haa 
not  he  heard  of  cases  in  those  early  days  when 
men  who  had  not  been  in  the  county  more  than 
three  months  could  confidently  testify  that 
three  years  before  they  had  seen  certain  dis- 
puted posts  securely  placed?  In  that  part  of 
his  bill  which  describes  how  patents  are  to  be 
obtained,  Mr.  Stewart  makes  it  imperative  that 
a  lode  should  be  described  "  with  such  refer- 
ence to  natural  olj  cts  or  permanent  monu- 
ments as  shall  idendfy  the  claim  and  farniah 
an  accurate  description  to  be  incorporated  in 
the  patent."  He  la  willing,  then,  it  appears,  to 
let  down  the  bars  for  unprinoipled  locators, 
but  knowing  that  the  bars  must  be  up  before  a 
patent  can  be  obtained,  he  laya  the  burden  of 
deacriptive  accuracy  on  the  mineral  sniveyors. 

Senator  Stewart's  English. 

It  may  seem  ungrateful  in  a  Western  miner, 
for  whose  Interest  the  Senator  assumes  he  is 
legislatively  doing  so  much,  to  take  exception 
'  to  the  language  used  in  his  "  finally  perfected  " 
mining  bill.  For  purely  philological  purposes  this 
time  I  copy  again  one  of  his^cherlBhed  utterances: 
"  All  records  of  mining  claims  hereafter  made 
ahall  contain  the  name  or  names  of  the  locators, 
the  date  of  the  location,  and  auch  a  description 
of  the  claim  or  claims  located  as  will  identify 
the  claim."  The  critical  reader  will  not  fail  to 
notice  how  strangely  these  36  words  are  flung 
together.  They  seem  to  suggest  the  idea  that 
when  they  were  launched  into  being  they  came 
in  such  a  crowding,  rampant  way  that  it  was 
impossible  to  marshal  them  in  presentable  files 
or  to  coax  them  into  the  places  where  they 
rightfully  belonged. 

A  common  writer  not  given  to  the  building 
of  wordy  structures  would  probably  have  said  : 
"Every  record  of  a  mining  claim  hereafter 
made  shall  give  its  date,  the  name  of  each 
locator,  and  such  a  description  as  ahall  identify 
it."  The  S?nator,  of  courae,  would  acorn  to  ac- 
cept these  25  worda  as  an  improvement  on  his 
own  flowing  language,  just  as  he  spurned  the 
mining  suggestiona  which  came  to  him  from 
widely  separated  regions. 

Very  Vague  Language. 

Here  is  another  proposed  change  in  Ssction 
2324  of  the  Rsvised  Statutes:  "Where  several 
adjoining  claims,  not  exceeding  five,  whether 
the  same  be  lode  or  placer  claims,  are  owned  or 
held  by  the  same  person,  asBociation,  or  corpo- 
ration, and  the  sum  of  ^1000  or  more  is  expended 


in  any  one  year  in  good  faith  for  the  develop- 
ment of  all  of  the  claims  so  owned,  or  held,  not 
exceeding  five,  there  shall  be  no  requirement 
for  separate  labor  or  improvements  to  be  per- 
formed or  made  on  the  several  claims  so  owned 
or  held  during  such  year,"  The  above  seems 
to  be  intended  for  the  benefit  of  rich  men.  By 
expending  $200 /or  each  claim  in  place  of  the 
$100  required  of  oommon  miners,  the  necessity 
for  doing  work  on  any  of  them  is  set  aside.  It 
is  not  said  that  a  thousand  dollars  must  be 
expended  on  the  claims  in  actual  work.  If  it 
is  paid  out  "for"  their  development,  that  would 
suffice.  Under  this  proviso  a  man  owning  five 
placer  claims  each  of  160  acres  might  expend 
$1000  a  year  on  a  dam  ten  miles  away,  from 
which  in  coming  years  he  intended  to  bring  water 
to  develop  them  and  would  not  be  required  to  do 
local  work,  or  if  a  person  owned  four  lode 
claims  on  a  mountain  slope  and  had  a  placer 
location  below  them,  $800  of  his  outlay  in  ex- 
tracting gold  from  the  latter  would  count  as 
the  aaaessraent  for  the  former.  At  first  it  looks 
as  if  the  measure  related  to  a  central  tunnel, 
the  opening  of  which  would  benefit  all  oi  the 
claims,  but  that  cannot  be  what  was  intended, 
as  there  is  a  separate  tunnel  requirement  in 
another  part  of  the  bill.  Perhaps  Mr.  Stewart 
knows  what  he  meant  to  say,  but  he  certainly 
has  failed  to  make  bis  meaning  plain  to  ordi- 
nary people. 

But  why  should  lode  and  placer  claims  be 
mixed  up  in  this  way  for  assessment  purposes? 
There  is  nothing  in  common  between  them 
either  as  to  the  kind  or  value  of  the  work  to  ba 
done.  And  why  should  an  outlay  of  $200  on 
lode  olaims  exempt  their  rich  owners  from  enr- 
faoe  work,  while  the  poor  miner  who  cannot 
expend  $1000  on  his  five  claims  must  dig  a 
$100  hole  on  each  of  them  7  If  this  is  not  an  at- 
tempt at  special  legislation,  under  what  other 
name  can  it  be  designated  ?  In  his  last  year's 
bill  our  great  law-giver  named  $5000  as  the 
sum  that  the  owners  of  five  claims  were  to  dis- 
burse, but  this  year  he  reduced  it  to  $1000  — 
being  the  only  change  effected  in  the  measure. 

It  is  a  great  advantage  to  the  poor  claim- 
owner  that  he  is  enabled  now  to  concentrate 
his  labor  on  several  lodes  on  one  or  upon  a  cen- 
tral tunnel.  Surface  work  done  on  lodes 
merely  to  comply  with  the  law  Is  in  a  great 
measure  thrown  away.  It  developa  nothing, 
whereaa  the  aame  labor  applied  to  one  lode 
may  produce  a  paying  property.  It  will  be 
observed  that  whether  Senator  Stewart  in- 
tended it  or  not,  hia  contemplated  ohange  in 
the  law,  if  auccess  attends  his  efforts,  will  be 
a  misfortune  to  the  poor  claim-bolder.  Is  the 
liberality  of  our  Government  in  mining  laws  to 
be  suddenly  withdrawn  ?  And  are  the  miners 
of  the  nation  supine  enough  to  allow  the  Nevada 
Senator  to  dictate  and  pass  any  kind  of  unrea- 
sonable or  unjust  law  he  may  choose  to  frame, 
without  a  protest  or  an  effort  to  frustrate  his 
schemes?  I  believe  they  are  capable  of  pro- 
tecting their  own  interests  as  soon  as  they  find 
that  these  are  in  peril. 

John  Dark  Emersley. 
(Concluded  next  week  ) 


The  Comstock  Lode. 

Editors  Press:— The  Mining  and  Scien- 
tific Press  has  been  the  onli/  23(iper  to  give  an 
intelligent  description  of  the  recent  favorable 
prospect  of  the  Comstock  mines. 

From  personal  observation  and  a  careful 
study  of  the  work  in  the  diffarent  mines,  I  am 
not  only  able  to  verify  what  you  have  pub' 
lished,  but  also  give  the  following  additional 
information  which  will  unquestionably  prove  of 
interest  at  this  time: 

The  west  wall  of  the  ledge  found  in  the  Hale 
and  NorcrOBS  mine,  and  the  continuation  of 
which  is  now  being  opened  up  in  the  Potosi, 
takes  a  sharp  bend  to  the  west  (about  200  feet 
south  of  the  first-named  mine),  in  the  ChoUar 
mine's  ground.  For  the  past  15  years,  all  the 
Gold  Hill  mines  south  of  that  band  have  been 
proapectlng  to  the  east  and  far  away  from  this 
particular  location.  The  practical  demonstra- 
tion of  a  sharp  bend  in  the  west  ledge  ia  found 
in  the  Alpha-Exchequer  west  drift,  500  foot 
level,  where  the  west  ledge,  60  feet  in  width, 
haa  been  expoaed.'  The  Alpha  Mining  Co. 'a 
shaft  is  several  hundred  feet  west  of  the  Ball- 
ion  and  Con,  Imperial  Mining  Companiee' 
shafts;  therefore  from  the  east  workings  of 
these  mines  in  Gold  Hill  to  the  west  ledge,  it 
must  be  all  of  from  1000  to  1500  feet.  In  the 
Balcher  mine,  still  farther  south  and  500  feet 
west  of  their  former  workings,  they  report  the 
finding  of  this  ledge,  wherein  40  or  more  feet 
of  fine  mineral' bearing  quartz  is  exposed. 

In  the  face  of  these  facta,  a  majority  of  the 
California  press  is  devoting  its  columns  to  at- 
tract the  attention  of  stockholders  from  the 
truth  by  holding  the  Con.  Virginia  mine  np  as 
an  object-lesson,  and  at  the  same  time  showing 
the  impossibility  of  the  mine  paying  many 
more  dividends.  There  are  other  mines  on  the 
Comstock  that  will  be  proven  rich  in  mineral 
ore  as  prospecting  work  is  prosecuted  in  the 
great  basin  lying  west  of  the  Gold  Hill  mines, 
extending  from  the  bend  in  the  OhoUar  mine  to 
the  07erman  mine  south.  The  ore  in  tb^s 
ledge  ranges  from  60  to  90  per  cent  in  gold. 
This  by  practical  mining  men  is  considered  the 
moBt  imDortant  discovery  that  haa  been  made 
aincB  1S71,  when  Senator  James  G.  Fair  ran  his 
prospecting  drift  through  the  Gould  and  Curry 
jnine  and  discovered  the  ore  body  or  bonanza  in 
the  Consolidated  Virginia. 

Mining  Enginebr. 
Virginia,  Nev  ,  Sfarch'SSd. 


Mab.  29,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


215 


Trusts  and  Futures. 

The  Hon.  U.  A.  Kaloe,  of  'IVDneiiee,  hu 
kindly  sent  us  A  copy  of  his  timnty  and  excel 
lent  speech  in  the  H  juiti  of  R^preaeotiitivei, 
00  tb«  resotation  propoviiig  an  amendment  of 
the  Coqatitotton  for  the  tnppresaion  of  trusta 
and  K*n>bl>og  contracts  in  agricultural  and 
other  prodactiona.  The  measure  has  bo  largely 
attracted  the  attention  of  the  farmers  and 
laboring  olastieB,  that  Congress  ordered  the 
printing  of  a  large  amount  of  extra  oopiee,  to 
sappty  the  demand,  A  bill  was  iutroduoed 
dariog  tht*  tirst  8bBaioo  of  the  Fiftieth  Congress, 
for  the  bappretmioa  of  option  dealing,  and  wao 
referred  to  the  Committee  on  Agriunlture.  It 
was  fonod  on  investigation  that  Coogrese  could 
not  Interfere  in  such  oases  without  disturbing 
the  stability  of  contracts.  The  only  clause  in 
the  Constitution  that  permitted  an  approach  to 
this  sort  of  legislation  was  tbo  clause  under 
which  the  loteratate  Commerce  law  was  en- 
acted, and  that  was  thought  to  be  too  vague 
and  shadowy  for  Congress  to  enter  this  domain 
of  contracts.  Hence  the  bill  was  reported  ad- 
veriely.  The  pending  resolution  proposes  to 
reach  and  cure  this  evil  by  an  amendment  to 
the  Constitution,     Mr.  Kaloe  says  : 

*'My  reason  for  embractog  trusts  and  other 
similar  combinations  in  the  eama  amendment 
will  be  found  in  the  fact  that  the  two  evils  have 
their  origin  in  oontraots  of  the  same  general 
character.  Combinations  to  limit  the  produo* 
tion  and  to  fix  the  prices  of  commodities,  com- 
binations to  arbitrarily  fix  the  supply  and  the 
prices  of  labor*  and  combinations  to  control 
markets,  all  rest  on  tho  same  footing  and  have  a 
common  origin  with  option  dealing.  They  all 
originate  from  contracts  which  are  illegal  and 
contrary  to  public  policy,  contracts  which  give 
birth  to  great  and  powerful  enemies  to  the 
public  interests," 

It  would  seem  that  the  safest,  snrest,  and 
moat  direct  channel  for  public  opinion  to  take 
in  suppressing  the  enormous  evils  of  trusts  and 
option  dealing  ia  along  the  line  of  Constitu- 
tional Amendment.  0;her  remedies  are  doubt- 
(qI  and  may  lead  to  interminable  litigation. 
This  lays  the  ax  at  the  root  of  the  tree.  The 
demtnd  for  this  kind  of  radical  remedy  ia  em- 
phasized by  the  platforms  of  both  parties.  It 
is  voiced  by  public  speakers  of  all  shades  of 
political  opinion.  The  press  is  practically  a 
unit  on  the  eubj  lot.  "  For  Congress  to  refaee 
tn  take  any  action  in  this  matter,"  says  Mr, 
Koloe,  **  would  be  to  plead  guilty  to  a  degree  of 
political  hypocrisy  and  demagogy  which  would 
go  far  to  deetroy  the  confidence  of  the  people 
in  the  good  faith  and  integrity  of  their  repre- 
sentatives," 

The  demand  for  relief  from  the  destructive 
infiaencea'  of  gambling  contracts  in  agricultural 
piodocts  is  most  emphatic.  It  comes  from  the 
farmers  and  laborers.  It  comes  from  the  pro- 
ducers  ;  from  the  bone  and  sinew  of  the  coun- 
try. It  comes  from  those  who  contribute  most 
largely  to  the  support  of  the  Crovernment. 
Organized  labor,  in  the  shape  of  the  State  and 
Nal;ional  Grange  and  in  the  great  convention 
recently  held  in  St.  LduIs  by  the  farmers  of  the 
West  and  South,  have  emphatically  demanded 
that  Congress  shall  take  immediate  steps  to 
aappresa  dealing  in  futnres. 

While  all  admit  this  evil  and  the  urgency  of 
some  sort  of  remedy,  there  may  be  a  few  who 
fear  that  a  conatitotional  amendment  may  tend 
to  the  centralization  of  power  in  the  Federal 
Government,  The  ghoat  of  Thomas  Jefferson 
rises  before  them;  but  this  country  has  grown 
immensely  since  his  day.  This  great  states- 
man  in  the  wildest  fiighta  of  his  imagioation 
never  dreamed  of  such  a  thing  as  an  Interstate 
comroiasioD  coming  in  to  regulate  the  vast  com- 
merce of  GO.OOO.OOOof  people,  over  150.000  miles 
of  railroad  traversing  every  State  in  the  Union 
and  welding  them  together  with  bands  of  steel. 
It  never  occurred  to  him  that  a  time  would  come 
when  through  the  agency  of  electricity  the  peo- 
ple in  Washington  and  New  York  would  hold  a 
conversation  in  less  time  than  he  could  ride 
from  the  White  House  to  the  Capitol.  Had  he 
caught  a  politician  talking  to  a  phonograph,  he 
would  have  thought  bim  a  fit  subject  for  the 
lunatic  asylum.  It  never  occurred  to  his  fertile 
brain  that  there  would  come  a  time  when  man  in 
New  York  and  Chicago  would  become  million- 
aires dealing  in  crops  before  they  were  planted, 
selling  property  they  never  owned,  selling 
the  property  of  other  people  without  their  con- 
sent, aelliog  millions  of  dollars  worth  of  prop- 
erty more  than  the  whole  country  annually  pro- 
duced. It  never  ooo.urred  to  him  that  a  time 
would  come  when  favoritism  would  control 
legislation  in  the  interests  of  capitalistic  claesee 
to  such  an  extent  that  transportation,  the 
manufactures,  the  sale  of  agricultural  products, 
would  be  concentrated  in  trusts,  combines  and 
other  monopolies,  and  the  prices  of  labor  and 
products  arbitrarily  fixed  by  the  caprice  of  a 
greedy,  selfish  syndicate. 

Men  who  claim  to  be  statesmen  will  attempt 
to  silence  the  complaints  of  the  people  by  word- 
pictures  of  the  unexampled  prosperity  of  the 
country.  In  the  closing  words  of  Mr,  Eoloe's 
apeecb : 

"Pictures  of  the  nation's  prosperity  painted  in 
the  moat  glowing  colors  will  not  lift  the  mort- 
gage from  the  farm  nor  feed  and  clothe  the 
wife  and  children.  There  is  no  diaguiaing  the 
fact  that  millions  of  American  laborers  stand 
like  Tantalus  surrounded  by  fruita  and  flowers 
of  a  nation's  proaperity  which  they  can  neither 
touch  nor  taste,  up  to  their  necks  in  streams  of 


national  prosperity  from  which  they  may  not 
drink. 

"Everything  they  touch  tnrns  to  gold,  and 
many  of  them,  like  Midas  of  old,  are  starving 
in  the  midst  of  the  wealth  which  their  magic 
touch  has  created.  Long  arrays  of  figures  to 
prove  the  prosperity  of  the  nation  will  not  ap- 
pease the  pangs  of  hunger  nor  abut  out  the 
cold. blasts  of  winter.  If  you  would  lighten 
the  burdens  of  labor  and  smooth  the  wrinkled 
furrows  of  care  from  the  brow  of  Ubor,  if  you 
would  nerve  the  arm  of  the  toiler  which  is  well- 
nigh  paraly/ed  by  the  oft-repeated  disappoint- 
ment of  falae  hopes  inspired  by  the  fulae  prom- 
ises of  falne  teachurs,  If  you  would  restore  the 
prosperity  of  the  masaes,  take  the  bands  of  the 
robbers,  crtated  by  ulaiiS  legislation,  out  of  the 
pockets  of  those  who  toil;  make  the  classes  who 
are  riding  the  tax-payers,  booted  and  spurred, 
get  down  aod  walk;  stop  piling  burdens  on  In- 
duatry  for  the  benefit  of  those  who  neither  toil 
norapio;  blot  out  from  the  face  of  the  earth 
the  trusts  and  monopolies  that  grind  the  faces 
of  the  poor,  and  force  the  dealers  in  '  wind  '  to 
live  on  the  wind  (3r  work  for  an  honest  living." 

Car  and  Battery  Assays. 

The  otfi:ers  of  the  Mining  Stock  Association 
have  written  the  following  letter  : 

The  Mining  Stock  Association  of  this  city 
has  been  endeavoring  for  some  time  past  to  in- 
duoe  the  various  ore-producing  mining  cor- 
porations of  the  Comstock  to  publish  a  full 
statement  of  the  value  of  the  ore  produced. 
This  can  easily  be  done  by  giving  the  car  assay 
value  aa  the  ore  cornea  from  the  mine,  and  the 
pulp  assay  at  the  battery  of  the  mill. 

As  these  assays  are  always  made  by  each  ore- 
producing  mine,  there  would  be  no  additional 
expense  incurred,  and  the  information  ao  given 
would  be  a  source  of  the  greatest  value  and 
satisfaction  to  stockholdara.  There  certainly 
can  be  no  o^j^ction  to  the  publishing  of  ^hese 
facts,  viz,  :  the  car  assay  of  the  ore  produced 
and  the  pulp  assay.  No  honorable  mine  man- 
ager would  decline  to  do  so.  That  it  is  not 
already  done  by  all  the  ore>produciog  com- 
panies is  undoubtedly  due  to  inattention,  as 
the  subject  is  of  too  much  importance  to  be 
omittea  intentionally  by  any  honest  mining  cor- 
poration. 

It  is  worthy  of  notice  in  this  connection  that 
the  Overman  Mining  Company,  in  their  re- 
port for  the  week  ending  March  S;b,  give  both 
car  and  battery  assays,  and  the  management 
deserve  commendation  forao  doing.  It  is  true 
that  it  is  a  new  departure,  but  one  that  alt 
ore-prodncing  companies  should  follow. 

The  bueineas  of  dealing  in  mining  shares  has 
shruok  to  such  a  point  that  it  has  become  un- 
profitable. Any  change  or  reform  that  would 
benefit  and  increase  the  business  should  be 
looked  upon  with  favor  by  both  mlning-atock 
boards.  We  believe  that  the  publishiog  of  the 
facta  mentioned  in  reference  to  the  ore  produced 
would  tend  toward  regaining  the  confidence  of 
the  speculative  public. 

We  would  suggest  that  both  mining-stock 
boards  make  it  imperative  for  all  mines  listed 
to  publish  the  two  aeaaya  mentioned  of  all  ore 
produced.  . 

Con  California  and  Vikuinia. — The  offi- 
cial returns  of  the  ore  crushed  and  bullion  pro- 
duced for  account  of  the  Consolidated  Califor- 
nia and  Virginia  mine  for  the  month  of  Febru- 
ary have  been  rec'=ived.  There  was  worked  at 
the  Morgan  mill  34S0  tons  of  ore.  yielding  bull- 
ion of  the  assay  value  of  $73  883  79,  of  which 
$38,528.52  was  gold  and  $35,355  27  was  silver, 
the  average  yield  in  bullion  per  ton  was 
$21.23,  and  the  asEay  value  of  the  ore  per  ton, 
per  battery  aamolea,  was  $27  04.  There  waa 
worked  at  the  Eareka  mill  5800  tons  of  ore, 
yielding  bullion  of  the  aeaay  value  of  $128.' 
149  42,  of  which  $68,380.44  was  gold  and  $59,- 
768  98  was  silver.  The  average  yield  per  ton 
in  bullion  was  $22  09.  and  the  average  aesay 
value  of  the  ore  per  ton  for  battery  aamplea 
was  $26  05.  There  waa  worked  at  both  mills 
a  total  of  9280  tons  of  ore,  vielding  bullion  of 
the  assay  value  of  $202,033.21,  of  which  $106,- 
908.06  was  gold  and  $95  124.25  was  silver. 
The  average  yield  in  bullion  per  ton  was  $21 ,77, 
and  the  average  aaaay  value  of  the  ore  per  ton 
was  $26  98, 

Gold  Qqartz  Mining  — More  proapeoting 
and  mining  is  being  done  here  this  winter  than 
for  yeare.  Spencfcville  and  the  adjoining  vi- 
cinity north  of  it  is  certainly  situated  in  a  very 
rich  mineral  belt,  but  you  will  find  aome  un- 
scrupulous persona  who  are  ready  to  swear 
mineral  off  of  any  section  of  land  the  railroad 
company  may  wish  to  acquire  a  patent  for, 
and  to-day  they  and  their  agents  are  attempt- 
ing to  get  control  of  a  piece  of  land  here  on 
which  three  diff^irent  mines  are  in  active  opera 
tion,  and  others  will  be  worked  as  soon  as  the 
weather  will  permit.  Tt  appears  that  it  is 
about  time  for  people  who  are  interested  in 
mines  and  mining  to  do  something  for  them- 
aelvea  and  prevent  mineral  lands  from  passing 
into  hands  that  will  fortver  forbid  the  develop- 
ment of  the  mining  interests  of  this  county. 
If  mining  men  have  been  aaleep,  the  Etgle 
Bird  decision  should  have  awakened  them  to 
the  fact  that  this  particular  interest  should  be 
vigilantly  watched  now  and  attf^nded  to,  and 
not  when  it  ia  too  late. — Graaa  Valley  Tidings. 

Afper  seven  years,  a  number  of'  Bodie  min- 
era  have  received  money  due  them  for  work  on 
the  Noondays.  Patrick  Reddy  and  Wm.  H. 
Virden  hare  credit  for  pushing  the  claims. 


Coa&t  Industrial  Notes. 


Work  on  the  Stanford  University  has 
stopped  for  the  present. 

The  contract  for  carrying  mails  on  Like 
Tahoe  has  been  awarded  to  K  J.  BUdwin  of 
Sin  Franciaoo.  He  has  ordered  a  fast  steamer 
built  at  Bjffalo,  N.  Y.,  for  this  purpose,  and  it 
will  also  carry  pauaengera  to  all  points  of 
interest. 

A  .'^iMtVEYiNi;  PAKTV  of  ten  men,  with  three 
oarloads  ol  material  compristug  camping  and 
erading  outfits,  has  been  sent  from  Stockton  to 
Oakdalo  to  begin  the  work  of  extending  the 
Oikdale  rtad  from  Oikdale  to  Merced,  a  dis- 
tance of  40  mile?.  It  is  expected  that  4(JU 
laborers  will  be  put  to  work  in  a  few  days. 

TuK  construction  department  of  the  South- 
ern Paoitio  Co.  will  overhaul  the  snow-abed 
system  along  the  mountain  road  this  summer. 
Much  of  the  present  aheddiog  will  be  torn 
down  and  done  away  with  altogether,  while 
that  which  remains  will  bs  strengthened  and 
strongly  braced  with  steel  and  iron  rods.  New 
sDOw-plows  to  make  the  total  in  use  ten  will  be 
placed  along  the  road. 

There  is  qaite  a  number  of  vessels  fitting 
out  for  Alaska  to  engage  in  the  salmon-fishing 
business.  The  A'a<?ka  Commercial  Company's 
steamers  Bartha,  O^ra  and  St.  Paul  have  been 
brought  to  the  city  and  will  be  overhauled  and 
loaded,  and  will  leave  for  the  north  in  about  a 
week,  Bostnees  ia  comparatively  brisk  along 
the  water-front,  and  every  vessel  which  leaves 
tikkea  away  a  number  of  men,  both  white  and 
Chinese,  far  cannery  work. 

Work  is  to  be  commenced  shortly  upon  the 
plant  for  an  extensive  sulphur  refinery,  which 
is  to  be  located  in  North  Oakland,  near  Shell 
Mound  Park,  in  the  building  formerly  occu- 
pied by  the  antimony  works.  The  building  is 
60x100,  and  a  new  addition  30x30  feet,  which 
it  is  expected  will  be  completed  within  two 
weeks.  The  maohinerv  is  being  manufactured 
at  the  Oakland  Iron  Works  in  this  city.  The 
orocess  is  a  new  one,  invented  by  Bowen  &  Co, 
The  works  will  he  operated  by  Sherwood  & 
Sherwood  of  Sin  Francisco. 

Odr  Cilifornia  trade  with  the  Pacific  Islands 
ia  quite  Urge.  In  February  our  export  trade 
witb  the  Hawaiian  group  amounted  to  $302,- 
526;  Figo.  $222;  Simoan,  $3034;  Phillipine, 
$7227;  Society,  $53,250;  Marquesas,  $3236.  To- 
tal, $369  495.  The  increase  this  year  over  last 
ia  $128  743,  For  the  two  months  of  thia  year 
nur  imports,  mainly  sugar,  were  valued  at 
$1,359  039.  The  oomblned  movement,  sail  and 
steam,  ahows  a  total  of  33  vessels  and  of  ton- 
nage  20,872  employed  during  the  past  two 
months  in  the  Hawaiian  trade. 

Colonel  Walter  S.  Moore,  chairman  of  the 
S  ate  Board  of  Forestry,  has  returned  from 
a  visit  to  the  Chico  Forestry  Station,  the  land 
for  which  waa  donated  by  General  John  Bid- 
well,  and  which  he  states  is  in  fine  condition. 
The  board  ia  apeciaily  interested  in  the  Aus- 
tralian wattle,  which  is  used  in  tanning,  and 
which,  it  is  thought,  will  in  time  take  the 
place  of  the  tan  bark  oak,  now  very  nearly  ex- 
terminated. Aa  a  ton  of  wattle  bark  equals 
six  tons  of  oak  bark,  and  the  trees  are  ready 
for  stripping  at  four  years  of  age.  Colonel 
Moore  thinks  they  will  prove  of  incalculable 
advantage  to  California  in  the  near  future. 
One  great  peculiarity  about  the  wattle  is  that 
stripping  does  not  kill  it,  becauae  in  a  short 
time  a  new  bark  is  formed. 

The  thickest  and  at  the  same  time  the  heaviest 
leather  ever  seen  in  this  market,  or  in  all  prob- 
ability in  any  market  in  the  world,  has  been  re. 
ceived  by  S.  H.  Frank  &  Co.  from  their  tan- 
nery in  Ridwood  City,  and  created  much 
comment  among  those  interested  in  that  com 
raodity.  The  hides  come  from  cattle  in  the 
northern  part  of  the  State,  and  although  not 
unusual  aa  reearda  olza,  were  remarkably  thick 
and  heavy.  It  rtq'iired  eight  months  to  tan, 
and  the  enormous  gain  of  75  percent  during  the 
process  was  noted,  the  usual  gain  being  about 
65  per  cent.  The  sides  of  tanned  leather  are 
double  the  thickness  of  ordinary  sole  leather, 
and  weigh  from  50  to  60  pounds  each.  Thfl 
rolls  in  which  they  are  done  up  weigh  from  448 
to  504  pounds.  It  was  the  opinion  of  all  who 
examined  thia  leather  that  It  waa  in  all  re- 
spects the  moat  remarkable  ever  seen  here  or 
anywhere  else  in  the  Uaited  Statute,  and  waa 
one  of  the  unique  productions  of  California. 

DuRiNO  his  visit  Eaat,  Marsden  Manson,  en- 
gineer of  the  Harbor  Commission,  will  visit 
Perth  Amboy,  N.  J.,  for  the  purpose  of  thor- 
oughly inapecting  the  creosote  worka  at  that 
place  for  the  information  of  the  Commissioners. 
The  ravages  of  the  teredo  and  limnoria  neces- 
sitate the  expenditure  of  large  sums  of  money 
annually  in  repairing  wharves,  as  the  insects 
destroy  sound  piles  within  a  very  few  veara.  A 
proceas  of  inserting  a  preparation  of  creoaote 
ioto  the  piles  ia  a  preventive  of  the  inroads  of 
the  little  pesta,  and  the  Board  of  Harbor  Com- 
miesioners  look  forward  to  a  time  when  a  wharf 
will  stand  for  a  very  long  time  without  having 
its  foundation  destroyed.  Commissioner  Alex- 
ander says  the  board  has  not  yet  decided  to 
construct  worka  here,  but  will,  in  all  proba- 
bility, do  so,  should  Manson's  report  be  favor- 
able. "We  want  him  to  learn  what  the  proc- 
ess is  and  whether  we  can  put  works  up  here 
with  reasonable  expectation  of  Bucceas.  If  we 
can,  we  will  do  it,  "  It  will  probably  cost  abont 
$100,000,  but  the  saving  in  repairing  will  be 
enormoue.  There  ia  an  Act  of  the  Legislature 
emoowering  the  board  to  proceed." 

Secretary  Windom  has  made  public  the 
exact  terms  of  the  lease  to  the  North  American 


Commercial  Go.  for  a  term  of  20  years  from 
May  1,  1890,  of  the  exclusive  right  to  engage  in 
the  bubintjBB  of  taking  far  seals  off  the  islanda 
of  St.  (iflorgeand  St.  Paul  in  the  Territory  of 
Alaska  and  to  send  a  vessel  or  vessels  to  said 
islanda  for  the  skins  of  such  seals.  The  oom- 
piny  agrees  to  pay  ao  annual  rental  of  860,000, 
a  tax  of  $9  0'2\  on  each  skin  taken  and  shipped, 
and  50  cents  lor  each  gallon  of  oil  sold.  The 
company  ia  to  deposit  United  States  bonda  of 
$50,000  face  value  aa  aecurity  for  the  rental. 
It  is  to  furnish  to  the  natives  snoh  quantity  of 
dried  salmon,  salt  and  salt  barrels  as  the  Sdore- 
tary  of  the  Treasury  shall  determine,  80  tons 
of  coal  annually,  comfortable  dwellings,  to  be 
kept  in  proper  repair,  sohoolhouses,  and  com- 
petent teachers  eight  months  in  each  year,  a 
house  for  religious  worship,  pbyaicians  and  medi- 
cal supplies,  and  all  the  necessaries  of  life  for 
widows  and  orphans  and  the  aged  and  Infirm. 
The  company  is  to  furnish  tho  natives  employ- 
ment, and  to  give  them  just  compenaation 
therefor,  and  binda  itself  to  abide  by  the  regula- 
tions of  the  Treasury  Department  and  any 
limitations  on  the  right  to  kill  seals  that  the 
Secretary  of  the  Treasury  shall  judge  neceasary 
under  the  law  for  the  preservation  of  the  teal 
fiaheries.  The  number  to  be  killed  during  the 
first  year  is  not  to  exceed  60,000.  The  agents 
of  the  company  are  not  to  keep,  aell,  give  or 
dispose  of  liquors  to  the  Indians. 

This  winter  has  been  a  severe  one  for  those 
loggers  and  wood-cutters  who  have  made  their 
homes  in  the  deep  woods  for  the  purpose  of 
cutting  sawloga  and  railroad  wood.  The 
Truckee  Republican  says  :  The  severe  storms 
have  impeded  operations  in  this  line  very 
seriously.  A  man,  who,  with  eight  others,  haa 
been  snowed  in  at  the  Truckee  Lumber  Com- 
pany's logglng-camp,  came  to  town  this  week. 
The  oamp  ia  located  in  a  pretty  gulch  about 
nine  mileafrom  town,  or  rather  the  spot  is 
pretty  in  the  summer-time  but  now  it  is  filled 
with  snow.  Their  cibio  is  completely  buried. 
During  the  storms,  every  morning  it  used  to 
t^ke  several  hours  to  dig  out.  In  starting  a 
fire  it  would  be  neceaeary  to  run  a  pole  up  the 
stovepipe  through  the  anow,  ao  that  the  amoke 
could  escape.  The  upper  extenaion  of  the  flue 
was  solid  snow,  and  was  aeveral  feet  long.  The 
show  was  so  deep  that  it  was  very  difficult  to 
cut  trees.  To  cut  them  while  standing  on  top 
of  the  snow  meana  a  loss  of  a  log  at  least  16 
feet  long,  containing  the  beat  timber  in  the 
tree,  so  that  it  was  necessary  to  shovel  out  each 
tree.  The  men  have  got  in  but  ten  days'  work 
since  the  first  of  December,  which  ia  not  enough 
to  pay  for  grub.  They  will  be  mighty  thankful 
to  have  spring  come. 

The  Old  Fortdnb-Maker.— What  a  mar- 
velous piece  of  property  the  old  Comstock  lode 
is,  saya  the  Virginia  City  Chronicle.  The 
daily  bullion  yield  of  that  lode  is  fully  $20,000, 
which  will  be  somewhat  increased  toward  sum- 
mer,  and  the  yield  for  the  current  year  will 
not  run  far  from  $8,000,000.  It  is  deep  mining 
that  has  made  the  Comstock  what  it  is,  and  it 
has  always  been  claimed  by  the  old  miners  of 
Nevada  that  deep  mining  would  make  Colo- 
rado properties  pay  where  surfaoe  gophering 
would  only  result  in  a  loss  to  those  who  con- 
ducted such  operations.  The  ** big  bonanza" 
was  found  in  the  1700  foot  level  of  the  Cali- 
fornia and  Consolidated  Virginia,  and  in  the 
space  of  a  few  weeks  made  several  Oaliforniana 
many  times  millionairea.  In  Colorado  300  or 
400  feet  ia  considered  a  great  depth,  and  the 
mines  that  have  a  greater  depth  are  compar- 
atively few.  To  successfully  work  a  mine 
1000  or  more  feet  deep,  requires  expensive 
machinery  and  heavy  capital,  bat  there  is  every 
reason  to  believe  deep  mining  would  be  at- 
tended with  quite  aa  much  success  aa  it  has 
been  in  Nevada.  It  would  be  interesting  to 
see  what  one  of  the  great  veins  of  the  San 
Juan  or  the  Aspen  district  would  yield  at  a 
depth  of  1500  feet,  and  the  time  is  coming 
when  mining  men  will  have  to  determine  this 
queation. — Denver  Tribune, 

Deep  Crosscuts  at  Bdtte,  —  The  large 
ailver  minea  and  many  other  similar  onea  at 
Butte,  Montana,  are  crosscutting  at  their 
deepest  levels,  the  Aliqe  at  the  1200  and  the 
Lexington  at  what  is  called  the  1500.  The 
Eist  Gray  Rock  has  also  oompleted  its  shaft  to 
the  500;  and  the  croasout  is  in  a  distance  of  100 
feet  toward  the  ledge.  Mining  generally 
throughout  the  oamp  ia  just  only  starting  on  a 
boom,  and  in  a  few  months  the  hills  will  be 
dotted  with  the  many  leasers  and  prospectors 
who  are  only  waiting  the  coming  of  warm 
weather  that  they  may  shake  off  the  idleness  of 
winter  and  get  out  and  rustle. 

Smelters  Wanted, — What  is  needed  in  thia 
camp  ia  larger  emeltera  and  more  of  them  to 
diapose  of  the  quantities  of  ore  abounding  in 
the  district.  Hardly  is  there  a  hole  snnk  with- 
out cutting  new  properties,  and  none  but  what 
contain  mineral  in  paying  quantities.  Of 
course  on  the  surface  some  are  found  that  are 
not  profitable,  but  give  them  depth,  and  In 
very  few  instances  have  they  failed  to  material- 
ize. Years  hence  thia  mining  district  will  not 
be  even  prospected.  Summit  Valley  mining 
diatriot  ia  indeed  the  greatest  mining  district  in 
the  world  to-day,  and  it  ia  only  in  its  in- 
fancy.— Butte  Inter- Moiintain, 


The  compromise  between  the  Daxter  and 
Eira  Companiea,  at  Tuscarora,  Nev,,  will  cauee 
continuance  of  work  in  two  claims  which  other- 
wise would  probably  have  been  auspended  for 
several  months, 


216 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Mab.  29,  1890 


II]lNlJ^G  ZUMMAF^Y,  . 

The  (oUowing  Is  mostly  condensed  from  jouraala  publiflhefl 
in  the  interior,  in  proximity  to  the  mines  mentioned. 


CALIFORNIA. 

Amador. 

Amador  Gold  Mine.— Amador  Ledger,  March 
22:  All  financial  troubles  with  the  miners  at  the 
Amador  gold  mine  have  been  satisfactorily  adjusted. 
All  the  men  who  would  accept  nothing  less  than  the 
full  amount  coming  to  them,  were  paid  off  in  full 
on  Saturday  last.  Others  who  were  paid  a  part, 
and  were  willing  to  wait  a  few  days  for  the  balance, 
were  to  be  paid  all  that  was  due  them  this  week. 
No  work  to  speak  of  is  being  done  at  the  mine;  but 
there  is  no  question  it  will  start  in  gpod  shape  be- 
fore long.  It  is  the  intention  of  the  management  to 
avoid  all  trouble  concerning  the  wages  of  employes 
in  future.  They  will  always  have  sufficient  funds  in 
reserveto  meet  a  month's  wages.  The  suit  between 
W.  Doyle  and  the  company  concerning  the  track 
from  the  mine  to  the  mill  has  been  compromised. 
The  company,  we  understand,  pays  the  plaintiff 
$2ooo  for  permission  to  allow  the  track  to  remain 
where  it  now  is,  merely  straightening  it  rear  the 
mill.     By  this  arrangement  both  sides  are  satisfied. 

Drytown. — The  CosmopoHtan  mill  is  at  present 
at  a  standstill.  Contracts  were  let  to  run  two  drifts, 
each  20O  feet  in  length  in  the  mine.  Fred  Bochers, 
Walter  Tibbits,  Nick  Vegas  and  Henry  Dickernian 
were  awarded  the  contracts.  Considerable  work  is 
being  done  at  the  North  Gover,  but  somewhat  un 
der  difficulties  on  account  of  the  weather  and  the 
bad  condition  of  the  roads, 

Sutter  Creek. — The  new  seven-eighths  wire 
rope  has  been  received  at  the  North  Star  and  is  al- 
ready on  the  sheave.  It  is  1200  feet  long  and  will 
permit  of  sinking  200  feet  deeper,  which  is  as  far  as 
the  management  will  care  to  go.  Sinking  has  not 
commenced  as  yet,  as  it  is  the  intention  to  prospect 
the  800-foot  level  before  abandoning  it,  and  this 
will  take  a  week  more  yet.  Operations  at  the  Lin- 
coln, Sutter  Creek  and  South  Eureka  mines  are  still 
retarded  on  account  of  the  weather.  The  Wildman 
is  running  along  in  its  usual  style,  and  is  said  to 
be  improving  all  the  time.  C.  O.  Mitchell  has  se- 
cured a  contract  to  make  600  feet  of  8-inch  pipe  to 
be  used  as  air-pipe  at  the  South  Spring  Hill  mine. 

Calaveras. 

TULLOCH  AND  luX^^iE..— Mountain  Echo,  March 
19;  We  were  down  to  the  Tulloch  &  Lane  mine 
this  week,  and  had  an  opportunity  of  seeing  for  our- 
selves everything  that  was  to  be  seen.  The  minie  is 
looking  remarkably  well,  and  carries  a  splendid 
quality  of  sulphurets.  The  Tulloch  Sulphurets  Con- 
centrator, invented  by  James  Tulloch  of  Angels,  is 
concentrating  the  materia!  from  -five  stamps  and  can 
yet  do  greater  work.  We  unite  with  the  opinion  of 
experts  who  have  examined  it  and  pronounce  it  the 
best  sulphurets  concentrator  extant.  Its  work  is  ef- 
fective, positive  and  final,  and  its  cost  is  much  less 
than  the  Frue. 

Sulphurets.— We  learn  that  E,  W.  Peet  of  this 
town  has  just  completed  the  erection  of  a  sulphurets 
process,  at  a  point  where  the  Gold  Cliff  sands  empty 
into  Angels  creek.  This  process  consists  of  a  large 
floor  covered  with  canvas,  through  which  flow'  the 
water  and  sands.  By  the  laws  of  specific  gravity, 
the  sulphurets  settle  in  the  interstices,  where  after 
considerable  of  a  deposit  the  water  is  turned  off  and 
the  concentrations  collected.  Mr.  Peet  will  also 
construct  a  like  process  below  the  Tulloch  mine. 

Good  Mine. — The  Whittle  mine,  situated  some 
three  or  four  miles  southwest  of  this  town,  is  giving 
an  excellent  account  of  itself.  Mr.  Peet,  the  present 
proprietor,  says  that  he  has  crushed  several  hundred 
tons  of  the  ore  with  his  little  mill  and  none  of  it 
yielded  less  than  $9  per  ton.  The  main  shaft  is 
over  200  feet  deep,  and  the  vein  at  the  bottom 
ranges  from  two  to  three  feet  in  width. 

Union  Shaft  Mm-E.,—P rasped,  March  22:  An- 
other engine  has  been  added  to  the  machinery  now 
in  operation  at  this  mine.  It  is  intended,  we  believe, 
to  use  one  engine  for  hoisting  purposes  and  the 
other  as  a  pumper. 

Looming  up. — The  Meteor  quartz  mine,  near 
Washington  ranch,  is  developing  well.  One  of'  the 
owners,  Mr,  Byron  Swank,  is  hopeful  of  an  excellent 
showing  in  the  future. 

Smelting  Wokks. — The  smelting  works  at  Cop- 
peropolis  will  be  completed  about  the  first  of  April, 
Mr.  Ferson,  the  Supt.,  expects  to  put  on  about  100 
more  hands  in  and  around  the  mine  after  that  time. 

Humboldt. 
From  Orleans  Bar.  —  Blue  Lake  Advocate, 
March  15:  From  Mr.  Ottley,  just  from  there,  are 
learned  some  interesting  facts.  He  says  the  long 
and  severe  storm  has  so  broken  up  the  mining  that 
there  will  be  but  little  done  this  season.  The  Or- 
leans Bar  M.  Co.  has  discharged  all  the  hands,  and 
will  work  no  more  this  season.  Most  of  the  other 
smaller  mines  are  all  broken  up.  A  few  small  claims 
are  not  badly  hurt.  The  floods  and  landslides  have 
changed  the  whole  face  of  the  country. 

Mariposa. 

Josephine;  —  Mariposa  Gazette,  March  22: 
There  are  rumors  of  a  big  mill  soon  to  be  built  at 
the  Josephine  mine,  at  Bear  Valley,  with  a  tramway 
to  the  river,  and  with  the  thud  of  100  stamps  filling 
the  air  with  the  music  that  is  so  sweet  to  people  liv- 
ing in  a  mining  community.  What  good  news  it 
would  be  if  that  report  should  be  verified. 

Diltz.— Capt.  Diltz  and  George  Stewart  are 
quietly  and  steadily  working  away  at  the  Diltz 
mine.  They  are  uncovering  a  fine  vein,  which 
promises  well  for  a  big  yield  of  gold.  They  also  ex- 
pect good  pay  from  their  sluices. 
Nevada. 

North  Banner.  —  Grass  Valley  Union,  March 
20:  Operations  at  the  North  Banner  mine  are  go- 
ing on  regularly  now,  both  in  the  mine  and  mill. 
The  drain  tunnel  is  running  out  a  big  head  of  water 
that  comes  from  the  surlace,  but  below  the  tunnel 
the  pump  handles  the  water  easily. 

Strike  at  the  Washington.  —  Transcript, 
March  19;  Supt.  Tregidgo,  who  is  temporarily  so- 
journing in  this  city,  has  received  a  letter  stating  that 
on  Saturday  last  a  large  and  rich  body  of  ore  had 
been  developed  in  the  30o-foot  south  drift  of  the 
Washington  mine  at  Ormonde,  and  on  Monday  the 
ledge  was  opened  up  sufticiently  to  show  it  is  eight 
feet  thick  and  carries  lots  of  gold. 

Peabody.— Grass  Valley  Union,  March  22:    The 


intention  was  to  start  up  work  on  the  Peabody  mine 
the  first  of  this  week,  but  the  stormy  weather  pre- 
vented, but  as  soon  as  it  is  evident  that  the  storms 
are  over,  operations  will  be  commenced  and  carried 
on  regularly.  It  is  the  intention  of  the  Nevada 
County  Development  and  Improvement  Co.,  which 
has  a  bond  on  the  property,  to  put  down  the  shaft 
500  feet,  and  open  up  levels  for  the  exploitation  of 
the  mine,  in  order  to  thoroughly  develop  the 
property. 

Delhi  Mine.— Nevada  Herald,  March  21:  Un 
account  of  the  snow,  work  at  the  Delhi  mine  was 
suspended,  except  in  running  the  tunnel,  some  two 
months  since.  Supt.  Chris  Mallon  visited  there 
yesterday  and  says  operations  wiM  soou  be  recom- 
menced. Men  are  now  engaged  in  putting  in  an 
air- com  pressor  at  the  lower  tunnel  for  running  the 
same.  The  mouth  of  this  tunnel  is  80  feet  above 
the  river.  It  will  be  1000  feet  before  the  ledge  will 
be  struck,  and  the  point  reached  will  be  400  feet 
vertical  depth  below  the  present  workings  of  the 
mine.  It  is  intended  to  put  the  mill  below  the 
mouth  of  this  lunnel,  down  near  the  banks  of  the 
Middle  Yuba  river.  Power  for  running  the  com- 
pressor will  cohie  from  the  water  running  out  of 
No.  3  tunnel,  which  will  give  350  feet  pressure. 
The  Delhi  has  a  great  record,  but  its  past  achieve- 
ments will  be  nothing  as  compared  with  the  future, 
if  the  ledge  is  found  of  the  same  size  and  richness 
below  that  it  has  been  above,  where  worked. 

San  Luis  Obispo. 

Bituminous  Rock.— San  Luis  -Trilmne,  March 
22:  Orders  were  received  Tuesday  at  the  bitumin- 
ous rock  mines,  of  which  Mr.  Cormack  is  superin- 
tendent, for  450  tons  for  immediate  shipment,  mak- 
ing about  1500  tons  forwarded  since  the  season 
opened.  Prospects  are  good  for  rapidly  increasing 
business  at  the  mine  this  spring,  with  every  indica- 
tion that  the  statement  that  the  Pacific  Coast  rail- 
way would  be  unequal  to  the  demands  upon  it  this 
year,  will  be  more  than  justified. 
Sierra. 

Gold  Bullion.  —  Oroville  yJ/trtv/n',  March  21: 
J.  H.  Frissell.  D.  Moore  and  W.  E.  Gillon  arrived 
in  Oroville  from  the  Union  Consolidated  drift  mine 
in  Sierra  county,  with  $23,000  in  gold  bullion,  the 
result  of  a  two-months'  run.  Last  December  this 
mine  also  made  a  heavy  shipment,  and  it  is  paying 
handsomely.  It  is  worked  constantly  and  employs 
from  70  to  100  men. 

Siskiyou. 

Gravel  and  Quartz.— Yreka/i?«?-//(z/,  March 
19:  Jillson  ik  Co.,  at  Henley,  are  busy  uncovering 
the  blue  gravel  lead,  by  piping  day  and  night,  with 
an  abundance  of  water  in  their  ditch  for  the  pur- 
pose, and  will  soon  be  able  to  realize  good  pay  in 
washing  up  the  lich  bedrock  gravel.  Thornton 
Thomas,  I.  G.  Blessing  and  Mr.  Yard  struck  an  ex- 
traordinary rich  pocket  of  quartz  in  Humbug  Gulch, 
just  above  Yreka  Flats,  which  paid  J200  to  a  half- 
day's  work  of  pounding  in  a  mortar.  They  expect 
it  will  pay  still  richer  below  the  surface  croppings 
and  may  develop  into  a  permanent  lode.  We  were 
shown  specimens  which  contained  free  gold  in  large 
quantity,  and  about  the  richest  we  have  ever  seen 
from  any  ledge.  Mr.  J.  W.  Yard,  one  of  the  find- 
ers of  the  above  ledge,  called  to  see  us  again  yester- 
day, and  showed*us  more  specimens  secured  about 
a  toot  beneath  the  surface,  being  almost  solid  gold, 
with  but  little  quartz.  From  present  indications  the 
ledge  opens  like  pocket  seams,  although  the  finders 
have  great  faith  in  its  permanency.  The  ledge  is 
located  behind  the  old  foe  Lang  cabin,  about  a 
mile  and  a  half  west  of  Yreka, 'in  Humbug  Gulch, 
and  should  it  prove  a  permanent  ledge,  we  may  an- 
ticipate the  finding  of  several  more  rich  ledges  in  the 
entire  Humbug  range  of  mountains  along  the  west 
side  of  Yreka  basin.  The  Big  Ditch  is  now  in  good 
repair  and  running  banks  full  with  water,  enabling 
the  miners  at  Hawkinsville  and  on  Yreka  Flats  to 
carry  on  mining  extensively  with  the  greatest  suc- 
cess. The  prospects  of  the  best  times  in  Yreka 
since  1855-6  is  anticipated,  as  every  paying  claim 
can  now  be  worked  to  good  advantage.  Cobb  Mc- 
Manus,  Royal  Brown  and  others  have  cleared  off 
considerable  top  ground  from  their  claim  at  Spring 
gulch,  just  above  town,  realizing  good  wages  from 
the  surface,  while  the  bedrock  gravel  remaining 
when  water  for  ground-sluicing  slacks  up,  will  pay 
very  richly  with  a  small  h^ad  for  the  sluice-boxes. 

Sawyer's  Bar.  —  Yreka  Union.  March  20: 
Down  here  in  a  remote,  mountainous  region  in  the 
southern  portion  of  Siskiyou  county,  there  exists  a 
mining  field  which  in  the  near  future  is  destined  to 
attract  considerable  attention  from  the  mining  fra- 
ternity, as  there  have  recently  been  discovered  sev- 
eral quartz  mines  that  deserve  more  than  passing 
notice,  one  of  which  promises  to  rank  among  the 
leading  gold  producers  of  the  State,  and  of  which 
little  has  been  learned  owing  to  the  reticence  of  its 
owners  and  operators,  The  Gold  Ball  Mining 
Co.,  of  Canton,  Ohio.  This  interesting  piece  of 
property  is  about  three  miles  south  of  Sawyer's  Bar, 
at  the  head  of  Eddy's  gulch,  which  is  a  tributary 
of  the  north  fork  of  Salmon  river,  and  in  the 
Klamath  basin.  The  Gold  Ball  mine  is  probably  a 
continuation  of  the  old  Klamath  vein  and  its  devel- 
opment has  shown  sufficient  to  entitle  it  to  be  classed 
among  the  bonanzas  of  the  State.  Work  is  carried 
on  under  the  able  supervision  of  Mr.  Ball  of  Canton. 
Ohio.  The  Black  Bear  mine,  famous  in  the  early 
days  of  quartz  mining  in  California,  from  the  mill- 
ions it  then  produced,  is  on  the  eve  of  returning  to 
active  operations,  and  again  entering  the  list  of  pay- 
ing gold  mines,  for  which  all  credit  is  due  Mr.  John 
Daggett,  in  proving  the  existence  of  supposed  rich 
ore  chimneys.  The  Uncle  Sam  has  been  a  paying 
property  for  many  years  under  the  management  of 
Mr.  Ed  Sheffield;  it  is  a  large  vein  of  soft  decom- 
posed quartz  of  a  good  grade,  can  be  mined  and 
milled  cheaply  and  in  large  quantities,  consequently 
it  is  a  very  profitable  mine,  and  in  the  hands  of  par- 
ties prepared  to  operate  it  more  extensively  would 
become  one  of  the  foremost  producers  in  the 
county.  The  Portuguese  mine,  as  it  is  commonly 
called,  is  owned  and  operated  by  Rollin  Fagundes 
and  his  partner;  it  is  a  Httle  bonanza  in  itself,  they 
having  purchased  it  for  a  nominal  sum  when  but  a 
small  insignificant  seam  of  quartz  was  opened  up, 
which  by  further  development  increased  into  a  foot 
or  more  of  soft  decomposed  quartz,  thoroughly 
impregnated  with  the  yellow  stuff.  These  two  en- 
ergetic prospectors  by  their  own  labor  last  season 
produced  $12,000  from  250  tons  of  rock  crushed  in 
an  arastra;  this  season  will  show  a  product  double 
that  amount  from  about  the  same  amount  of  quartz. 
The  Little  Boss  mine,  discovered  jlastl  season,   is  a 


parallel  vein  to  and  close  by  the  old  Klamath;  it  is 
small  but  very  rich  and  promises  to  yield  a  small 
fortune  to  its  owner,  Ned  Roberts.  The  Mistletoe, 
owned  by  Frank  Golden  and  Tom  Evelett,  prom- 
ises to  develop  into  a  mine  of  no  small  proportions. 
They  have  an  ore  chute  of  considerable  length  ex- 
posed, showing  a  width  of  five  feet  on  an  average, 
from  which  40  tons  of  ore  packed  to  the  Black  Bear 
mill  last  season,  for  a  test,  yielded  $22.50  per  ton. 
The  Sunday  Morning  lode,  discovered  last  season 
by  Probasco,  Welker  and  Stent,  has  been  pene- 
trated by  tunnel  and  shaft  to  a  considerable  depth, 
showing  a  fissure  vein  of  soft  decomposed  quirtz 
of  high  grade.  These  flattering  properties,  with 
many  others  that  space  will  not  at  present  permit 
of  mention,  are  located  near  the  old  placer-mining 
c^mp  of  Sawyer's  bar,  and  promise  to  open  up  an 
inviiing  field  for  both  prospector  and  capitalist,  es- 
pecially the  prospector,  who,  with  a  little  muscle 
and  energy  to  back  him,  stands  a  chance  unequaled 
anywhere  in  the  raining  regions  of  striking  a  pros- 
pect of  value  which  he  can  develop  without  the 
assistance  of  capital,  as  the  veins  are  soft  and  de- 
composed to  a  considerable  depth,  as  is  also  the 
formation  through  which  they  run,  with  the  gold 
perfectly  free  in  the  quartz,  and  the  facilities  in  the 
way  of  wood,  water,  etc.,  all  t)iat  could  be  desired, 
allowing  one  to  worl^  his  find  by  the  simplest 
methods,  the  most  essential  article  being  muscle, 
backed  by  pluck  and  energy. 

Encouraging.— Yreka  Union,  March  20;  The 
mining  industry  appears  to  be  looming  up  in  all 
parts  of  the  county,  the  bountiful  supply  of  water 
making  it  practicable  to  work  in  localities  where 
heretofore  it  had  been  impossible.  Encouraging  re- 
ports are  being  received  from  the  Hooperville,  Scott 
Bar  and  other  regions  where  mining  is  the  principal 
industry. 

NEVADA. 

Washoe  Dlscnct. 

Alta.— Virginia  Enterprise,  March  22:  Owing 
to  break  in  water  pipe,  the  mill  was  shut  down  a 
few  days,  but  work  has  since  been  resumed  and  are 
crushing  about  45  tons  daily. 

Yellow  Jacket.— Shipping  about  65  tons  of  ore 
daily  of  the  average  value  of  about  $20  a  ton  to  the 
Brunswick  mill. 

Con.  Imperial.— West  crosscut  No.  2  from  the 
300  level  north  drift  (Yellow  Jacket),  which  is  the 
500  level  of  the  Imperial,  is  now  out  155  feet,  having 
been  advanced  5  feet  during  the  week.  The  face 
shows  porphyry.  West  crosscut  No.  i  from  the  500 
level  north  drift  (Yellow  Jacket},  which  is  the  750 
level  of  the  Imperial,  is  now  out  252  feet,  7  feet  hav- 
ing been  added  during  the  week.  The  face  is  in  a 
mixture  of  quartz  and  porph>ry.  West  crosscut 
No.  2  from  the  same  north  drift  is  out  140  feet,  35 
feet  having  been  made  during  the  week.  The  face 
of  this  crosscut  is  also  in  quartz  and  porphyry,  and 
the  north  lateral  drift  No.  i  on  the  same  level  is  in 
4c;  feet,  28  feel  having  been  added  during  the  week. 
The  face  shows  quartz  and  porphyry. 

Confidence  &  Challenge  Con.  —  The  joint 
Confidence  &  Challenge  west  crosscut  from  the  300 
level  drift  has  been  stopped  for  the  present. 

Crown  Point. — The  loo  raise  is  up  20  feet  above 
the  track  floor  and  still  shows  a  streak  of  good  ore 
in  the  top.  The  300  souih  stope  on  the  ninth  floor 
has  improved  somewhat  during  the  week  in  going 
south.  Shipped  to  the  mill  during  the  week  846 
tons  of  ore,  the  average  battery  samples  of  which 
were  $17.45  P^r  ton. 

Belcher. — The  200  level  south  drift  from  the 
west  crosscut  is  out  54  feet.  The  face  is  in  low- 
grade  quartz.  The  joint  850  crosscut  is  out  255 
feel,  and  the  face  is  in  porphyry  and  clay.  Started 
a  southeast  drift  from  No.  2  crosscut  on  the  1000 
level,  which  is  out  35  feet,  or  about  up  to  the  south 
line. 

Overman.  —  From  the  1200  level  have  extracted 
and  hoisted  202  tons  of  ore.  ,  Car  sample  assays  av- 
erage $16.78  per  ton.  Of  this  amount  $10.50  is 
gold.  Shipped  to  the  Vivian  mill  319  tons.  Bat- 
tery average  $17  60  per  ton,  of  which  $8.56  is  gold. 
On  the  1200  level  the  northwest  drift  from  the  north- 
east drift  has  been  extended  9  feet  through  good  ore; 
total  length,  52  feet.  On  the  54-fooi  level  above 
the  1200  level  have  extended  incline  upraise  15  feet 
through  ore  of  a  fair  grade.  Total  length,  49  feet. 
POTOSI.— -The  east  crosscut,  300  feet  south  of 
north  line,  850  level,  is  out  50  feet;  face  in  porphyry. 
The  raise  400  feel  south  of  the  Chollar  shaft,  930 
level,  is  up  59  feet.  The  roof  is  in  quartz  giving  as- 
says of  from  $30  to  $40  a  ton. 

E.XCHEQUER. — The  east  crosscut  on  the  north 
line,  500  Itvfl.  is  out  140  feet;  face  in  porphyry. 

Alpha. — West  crosscut,  100  feet  north  of  shaft, 
500  level,  is  out  510  feet;  face  in  hard  porphyry. 
North  lateral  drill,  600  level,  is  out  180  feet;  face  in 
porphyry  streaked  with  quartz. 

Silver  Hill.  —  Northeast  crosscut,  260  level, 
from  the  northwest  drill,  430  feet  from  the  shaft, 
was  driven  20  leet  through  porphyry;  total  distance, 
595  feel.  Repairing  northeast  crosscut  on  the  160 
level. 

Scorpion. — On  the  630  level  they  have  started  a 
southwest  drift  from  the  shaft  station*  and  advanced 
the  same  35  feet. 

'Hale  &  Norcross.— On  the  300  level  the  north 
drill  was  extended  20  feet;  total  length,  45  feet.  The 
north  upraise.  800  level,  was  advanced  25  feet  and 
connected  with  the  700  level  north  drift.  This  con- 
nection improves  the  ventilation  and  facilitates  the 
working  of  this  part  of  the  mine.  Will  soon  be 
ready  to  extract  a  great  deal  of  ore  from  this  raise. 
Have  started  a  southeast  drift  on  the  1300  level  to 
explore  the  downward  continuation  of  this  ore. 
Milled  800  tons  of  ore  during  the  week,  the  average 
assay  of  the  battery  samples  of  which  was  $19  a  ton. 
Have  bullion  on  band  and  at  the  mill  amounting  .to 
$i7,9r4.So. 

Savage, — On  the  300  level  the  north  and  south 
lateral  drifts  were  advanced  8  feet  and  17  feet  re- 
spectively, the  total  length  of  the  former  being  39 
feet  and  of  the  latter  loi  feet.  Are  extracting  ore 
from  the  400,  500  and  600  levels,  and  from  the  old 
slopes  on  the  750  level.  Milled  455  tons  of  ore  dur- 
ing the  week,  the  average  assay  value  of  the  battery 
samples  of  which  was  $20.52  per  ton.  Have  bullion 
on  hand  and  at  the  mill  amounting  to  $16,203.20. 

Andes. — During  the  past  week  drifted  northeast 
from  10  feet  west  of  shafl,  420  level,  15  feel.  Forma- 
tion, clay  and  porphyry,  with  seams  of  quartz. 
Ely  District. 
No    Miners    Wanted.  —  White   Pine    News, 


district  to  warrant  an  influx  of  miners  or  laborers.  It 
is  true  our  own  people  are  busy  developing  their 
mines,  but  they  have  not  the  means  to  employ  out- 
side help.  Until  some  organized  company  starts 
operations  there  will  be  no  work  for  miners  or  labor- 
ers from  abroad, 

Oroom  District. 

Ore.— Pioche  Record.  March  15:  Groom  dis- 
trict is  situated  about  35  miles  southwest  of  Hiko, 
or  from  Pioche  about  100  miles  in  a  direction  a  little 
south  of  west.  The  one  developed  ledge  of  Groom 
runs  north  and  south,  dipping  east  at  an  angle  of 
about  80  degrees.  It  lies  between  lime  and  slate. 
A  range  of  quartzite  hills  runs  parallel  with  the 
ledge  at  a  distance  from  it  of  about  half  a  mile. 
The  ledge  croppings  are  large  and  prominent,  and 
there  were  found  in  them  occasional  pockets  of 
highly-metallic  ore.  A  chimney  containing  a  con-  ii 
siderable  body  of  similar  ore  was  found  at  a  depth  II 
of  about  100  feet.  Five  or  six  hundred  tons  were 
taken  out  and  remain  on  the  dump,  being  too  low 
grade — about  20  oz.  per  ton  silver  and  30  to  40 
per  cent  lead— to  work  without  railway  facilities 
for  transportation,  either  of  the  ore  or  of  its  prod- 
uct.  Two  shafts  have  been  sunk  on  the  ledge,  200 
feet  apart.  One  is  about  175  feet  in  depth,  and 
the  other,  perhaps,  100.  Ihese  shafts  are  con- 
nected by  drifts. 

Jackrabbit  District. 

Day  Mine  Sold.— Pioche  Record,  March  15:  It 
is  reported  on  good  authority  that  W.  S.  Godbe  has 
purchased  all  the  property  in  this  county  of  the 
Day  Silver  Mining  Co.  This  embraces  the  Day  and 
Junction  mines  in  jackrabbit  district,  the  Mendha 
and  Hamburg  mines  in  Highland  district,  the  Hill- 
side  mine  in  Bristol  district,  and  the  old  smelter  at 
Bristol.  The  purchase  price  was  not  directly  men. 
tioned,  but  it  is  said  to  be  $30,000. 

Jumbo  District. 

Pandora.— Virginia  Chronicle.  March  i8:  The 
owners  of  mining  locations  in  Jumbo  district  will  re. 
sume  the  work  of  development  as  soon  as  the  road 
is  open  for  the  delivery  of  supplies.  The  extraction 
of  ore  from  the  Pandora  was  continued  through  the 
winter  months,  and  there  is  now  a  large  amount 
ready  for  transportation  to  the  Fisher  mill  in  Six 
mile  canyon. 

RoblDson  District. 

The  Purcell  Mines.— Eureka  Sentinel,  March 
15:  In  view  of  the  proposed  sale  of  the  mill  plant 
at  Seligman,  we  presume  no  further  efforts  will  be 
made  to  develop  the  Purcell  series  of  mines  unless 
they  change  hands.  It  would  be  a  matter  of  regret  i 
should  the  property  remain  idle  after  so  much 
money  has  been  spent  upon  it.  The  vein  ol  the 
Purcell  mines  can  be  definitely  traced  for  miles, 
and  if  developed  in  a  systematic  manner,  the  richer 
chutes  of  ore  be  followed  and  the  poorer  ganguef 
be  left  in  place  to  hold  up  the  ground,  there  is  liltl^ 
doubt  but  the  mines  can  be  made  to  pay.  This  is 
the  opinion  of  the  better  class  of  miners  who  have 
worked  in  various  places  on  the  vein.  The  big  tun- 
nel  at  the  concentrator  level  is  already  in  900  feet, 
and  has  only  1300  leet  farther  to  run  to  tap  the 
vein  1750  feet  deep.  There  are  Burleighs,  com- 
pressors and  all  other  necessary  equipments  on  the 
ground,  and  should  the  capital  necessary  to  com- 
plete the  work  be  applied  for  that  purpose,  there 
are  no  visible  reasons  why  the  mines  should  not 
pay  well.  The  ground  in  the  tunnel  is  favorable 
for  driving  and  will  probably  not  cost  to  exceed  $8 
per  foot  to  run  it.  There  is  a  full  water  supply  at 
Seligman  for  all  reasonable  purposes,  and  this  can 
no  doubt  be  greatly  mcrpased  by  driving  a  tunnel 
through  the  porphyry  under  the  bed  of  the  south- 
erly branch  of  the  canyon,  which,  on  account  of 
the  easy  working  nature  of  the  ground,  can  be 
speedily  done  at  a  comparatively  trifling  cost. 

The  Milling  Plant.— We  learn  that  negotia- 
tions are  pending  between  the  Kansas  Co.  with 
J.N  Hodges  at  the  head  and  Mrs.  Robinson,  for 
the  purchase  of  the  Seligman  milling  plant,  with 
the  view  of  having  it  removed  and  put  up  in  this 
district. 

Souttieastern  District- 

Mineral.— Pioche  Record,  March  15:  South-' 
eastern  district  is  about  15  miles  southeast  of  Groom. 
In  this  district  may  be  seen  an  immense  amount 
of  mineral,  perhaps  more  on  the  surface  than  in 
any  other  portion  of  this  great  county.  The  ore  is 
low  grade,  not  over  $25  to  $30  per  ton  in  silver  and 
20  per  cent  lead.  It  is  much  stained  with  green 
copper.  There  are  two  ledges.  One  of  these  is 
clearly  traceable  for  a  long  distance.  One  may  go 
along  it  for  2000  feet  and  pick  up  metal  from  the 
croppings  every  50  feet.  It  is  from  200  to  ,300  feet 
wide.  There  are  two  places  on  the  other  ledge 
where  it  widens  to  10  feet  of  ore  body,  with  mineral 
for  20  feel  in  width.  Both  ledges  are  undevelrped, 
merely  enough  work  having  been  done  on  them  to 
hold  them.  One  of  the  surveyed  railway  routes 
would  take  a  road  within  a  few  miles  of  this  district, 
thus  opening  perhaps  one  of  the  greatest  groups  of 
mines  ever  discovered. 

Tuscarora  District. 

Nevada  Q\3iLE.\i.— Times -Rezieni',  March  20: 
North  gangway  from  6oo-loot  station  of  North  Belle 
Isle  has  been  advanced  32  feet. 

Grand  Prize. —500-foot  level:  Face  of  north 
crosscut  from  the  west  north  lateral  drift  advanced 
22  feel. 

Belle  Isle.— The  crosscut  from  the  north  gang- 
way. 350-foot  level,  extended  17  feel,  cutting  through 
vein  matter  giving  low  assays.  Face  very  wet  and 
rock  getting  harder. 

Navajo. — South  drift  from  No.  1  crosscut,  350- 
foot  level,  extended  nine  feet  in  vein  giving  low  as- 
s<ys.  No.  2  crosscut,  same  level,  extended  five  feet, 
and  work  there  suspended. 

North  Belle  Isle.— North  gangway  from  the 
shaft,  600-foot  level,  extended  32  feel,  showing  con- 
siderable fair-grade  ore  in  the  tace, 

Del  Monte.— ist  level:  Have  started  north 
drift,  which  has  been  extended  20  feet,  cutting 
seams  of  high-grade  ore.  North  drift  from  joint 
crosscut  extended  12  feet,  showing  high-grade  ore 
mixed  through  the  face.  2d  level:  Joint  east  cross- 
cut advanced  15  feel  in  very  favorable  looking  forma- 
tion. 

North  Commonwealth. — ist  level:  South  drift 
from  joint  crosscut  has  been  extended  13  feet,  ex- 
posing hig;h-grade  ore  as  the  drift  is  advanced.  No. 
2  north  drift,  from  crosscut  south  of  the  shaft,  has 
been  run  14  feet.  In  south  drift  from  No.  i  upraise, 
work  has  been  suspended,  and  the  ore  body  will  be 


III 


March  15:    There  is  yet  nothing  going  on  in  this    opened  up  on  the  level.     Ore  in  the  face'  of  drift 


Has.  29,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


2\1 


rom  upraise  is  loolcing  well,  fully  six  feet  wid*  of 
irsi  class,  ad  level:  joint  east  crosscut  exlended 
ts  feet,  through  very  favorable  looking  vein  matter 
'iviDK  low  assays. 

Commonwealth.— i5t  level:  East  drift  from 
Wo,  I  north  drift  extended  14  'eet,  following  the  ore, 
vhich  is  opening  up  well.  No.  a  east  crosscut  has  ad- 
/aoced  13  (eet,  cutting  spar  seams,  and  looking  fa- 
/orable.  No.  3  east  crosscut  has  been  driven  15  feet 
hrough  the  vein  giving  low  assays,  4th  level;  East 
.-rosscut  from  north  gangway  extended  ao  leet 
;hrough  porphyry,  showing  some  mineral.  Have 
iiarted  to  crosscut  the  vein  m  north  drift  from  south 
>:*ngway;  It  is  in  17  feet,  cutting  some  very  high- 
^radc  ore.  and  looking  better  than  at  any  time  here- 
tofore. The  stopes  m  the  different  parts  of  the 
mine  all  look  well,  having  yielded  for  the  week  750 
;:ars  of  ore.  Ihal  crushed  ai  the  mill,  battery  assay 
S^47  per  ion;  concentrator  $16.90  per  ton— 455  tons. 
Hjlhon  shipped.  $33,068.57.  Owing  to  scarcity  of 
minicg  lunbers,  will  have  to  suspend  the  extraction 
jf  ore.  temporarily,  in  certain  parts  of  the  mine  un- 
the  roads  get  so  teams  can  haul. 

ARIZONA. 

Big  Bug  DiSTRKn-.  —  Prescott  Courier,  March 
20:  The  shaft  in  the  B^ggs  mine  is  about  240  feet 
deep;  that  in  the  Hackberry  about  115.  Water  is 
troublesome.  Some  40  men  are  employed.  T.  W. 
BogRS  has  a  force  of  men  washing  gravel.  They  have 
lak-n  out  a  great  deal  of  gold. 

llASsAYAMi'A  DisTRK  T.— The  shaft  in  the  Sena- 
tor is  375  '*^*=*  t*''^P*  RaP'tl  Transit  mine  is  yi-  Iding 
rich  gold  ore.  Harlan's  mill  is  running.  W.  W. 
Vanderbilt  has  succeeded  in  organizing  the  Axtell 
iJo.  to  work  his  mines  in  Maple  gulch.  He  starts  in 
with  $250,000  for  development  work.  Company  is 
made  up  of  Iowa  and  Minnc-ota  capitalists.  Quartz 
Mountain  Co.  expects  soon  to  put  in  new  machinery. 
Supt.  Furk  is  shipping  gold  rock  that  pays  about 
$150  to  the  ton.  Concentrators  are  very  much 
needed.  W.  J.  Mulveoon  says  that  several  mine- 
owners  of  Turkey  Creek  district  cannot  get  at  the 
ore  on  account  of  water.  The  galena  ledee  Irom 
which  John  Reese  brought  in  some  ore  is  said  to  be 
3o  feet  wide. 


COLORADO. 

FiELO  FOR  Prospecting.— Georgetown  Courier, 
March  20:  H  prospectors  want  an  easy  field  and  a 
profitable  field  for  summer  prospecting,  they  can't 
find  a  belter  place  than  to  take  Alpine  mountain 
(rom  opposite  the  Colorado  Central,  thence  across 
toward  the  summit  of  Griffith  and  thence  on  along 
Columbian  and  Cooper  mountains  toward  Free- 
land.  A  few  discoveries  along  here  will  be  nearer 
market,  more  readily  accessible  and  more  easily 
brought  to  the  attention  of  investors  than  any 
amount  of  discoveries  in  some  far-off  and  almost  in- 
accessible district  From  June  to  January  this  sec- 
tion should  have  the  careful  attention  of  good  pros- 
pectors. 

The  Calcium  Smf.lter.— Aspen  Tirms,  March 
20:  Thai  a  smeller  is  to  bR  built  at  Calcium  this 
coming  summer  is  now  officially  confirmed,  and 
work  has  already  been  commenced.  There  is  no 
other  question  of  such  vital  importance  to  Aspen 
as  the  one  of  smelting  our  silver  ores.  Had  Aspen 
the  sm-Uing  advantaees  of  Leadville,  she  would 
soon  take  her  proper  place  as  the  greatest  silver 
camp  in  the  world.  However,  the  rank  of  our 
city  is  but  a  question  of  time,  for,  as  development 
goes  on,  the  amount  of  low-grade  ore,  now  unmar- 
ketable, is  constantly  increasing.  A  smelter  at 
Calcium,  though  not  the  best  location  that  might 
be  wished  for,  is  bound  to  afford  some  relief,  for 
the  freight  rate  on  Aspen  ores  will  be  reduced  from 
$8  a  ton  to  $2.  Smelter  and  mining  men  have  long 
realized  that  nothing  could  be  done  in  the  way  of 
building  a  smelter  on  this  side  of  the  range  without 
the  consent  of  the  railroads.  There  was  but  one 
way  to  go  about  it  and  that  was  to  convince  the 
railroads  that  the  establishment  of  smelters  and 
reHuction  works  in  the  valleys  of  the  Grand  and 
Roiring  Fork  would  not  diminish,  but  increase 
their  traffic.  That  the  Midland  management  has 
at  last  realized  this  is  apparent  from  the  favorable 
concessions  they  have  made  to  the  projectors  of 
this  new  enterprise.  The  controlling  spirit  of  the 
proJKCt  is  J.  L.  Thomas.  C  C.  Morgan  is  the 
manager  of  the  new  works  and  from  him  the  re- 
porter got  his  information.  He  will  soon  have  100 
men  at  work  on  the  new  plant  and  the  smelter  will 
be  ready  to  receive  ores  by  July  ist.  lu  cost  will 
be  $200,000.  and  it  will  have  a  capacity  of  loo  tons 
a  day.  There  is  an  abundance  of  good  lime  rock 
almost  at  the  very  door  of  the  new  works.  There 
are  thousands  of  tons  of  low-grade  ore  containing 
much  iron  in  the  Frying  "Pan  belt.  Only  a  few 
miles  from  Calcium,  on  Porphyry  mountain,  the 
Deine  and  Argenta  groups   are   showing   fine   lead 

An  Important  Purchase. — The  Continental 
Divide  Mining  Investment  Co.  has  just  closed  the 
purchase  of  2S^-iooths  of  the  lease  and  bond  on 
the  Bushwhacker  and  Alpine  mines  from  John  T. 
Prather.  I^aac  Jones,  L.  S.  Taylor,  John  Burdsell. 
C.  M.  Siin,  Mrs.  J.  T.  Stewart,  James  Gould  and 
Ed  Grover.  This  makes  that  company  and  the 
Aspen  Consolidated  Co.  the  holders  of  over  90 
per  cent.  On  Saturday,  the  Continental  Co.  will 
make  another  payment  on  the  bond.  Forty  men 
are  employed  on  the  property. 

DAKOTA. 

Hydraulic  Mining.— Cor.  Deadwood  Pioneer, 
March  20:  We  think  that  the  well-informed  miner 
will  corroborate  the  writer's  statement  that  in  the 
Black  Hills  there  are  acres  of  auriferous  gravel  de- 
posits, on  Rapid,  Uitle  Rapid.  Castle  and  Battle 
creeks,  in  the  southern  hills.  Beaver,  Lower  Bear 
and  the  deeper  deposits  of  Whitewood  are  prac- 
tically untouched  yei,  that  will  yield  not  less  than 
35  cents  per  yard,  and  that  is  a  very  low  estimate 
-  with  plenty  of  ground  and  water  and  dumping  facili- 
ties. Hydraulic  mining  can  be  made  profitable 
with  less  than  35  cents  per  yard;  in  very  few 
instances  has  the  bedrock  been  prospected  in  the 
water  course  or  creek  beds  proper;  and  so  far  ^s 
the  writer  can  ascertain,  every  instance  where  bed- 
rock has  been  prospected,  il  has  given  results  that 
are  highly  favorable,  I  ^t  the  reader  bear  in  mind 
that  on  these  creeks  to  which  we  refer  it  is  15,  20 
or  perhaps  30  feet  to  bedrock;  abundance  of  water 
on  the  surface,  and  on  the  bedrock  the  seepage  is 


so  great  as  to  necessitate  expensive  pumpmg  ma- 
chinery. Men  who  are  able  to  put  in  pumps  and 
machinery,  and  hire  men  to  do  the  work  of  drifting 
and  timbtring,  generally  find  it  unprofitable.  In 
the  hills  a  number  of  hydraulic  mining  companies 
have  been  formed  and  good  conveying  dutches 
built,  and  owing  to  the  (act  that  the  bars  furnish 
the  better  dumping  facilities,  hydraulic  mining  has 
been  almost  entirely  confined  to  the  bars  of  the 
creeks.  Some  of  them  have  paid  handsome  returns. 
There  are  many  places  which  could  be  made  to 
pKiy  bv  means  of  the  hydraulic  gravel  elevator  so 
commonly  in  use  in  California. 

IDABO. 

Sawtooth.— Ketchum  Keyyhme,  March  15:  We 
arc  in  receipt  of  information  that  the  Silver  King 
M.  Co.  expects  to  re5ume  work  on  the  Silver  King 
mine  as  early  as  practicable  in  the  spring.  There  is 
a  rumor  to  the  tffxt  that  the  Silver  King  M.  Co. 
has  entered  into  a  consolidation  with  other  compa- 
ni<*s  controlling  mining  interests  at  Sawtooth,  but 
whether  there  is  any  foundation  for  this  rumor  we 
are  unable  to  say.  If  such  should  be  the  case,  how- 
ever,  the  Columbia  Co.'s  quariz-mill  at  Siwtooth 
will,  no  doubt,  be  operated  during  the  season. 

The  guEEN  oi"  the  West.— Elmore  Bullflin, 
March  19:  By  pTsislent  work  under  many  disad- 
vantages Messrs.  Pearson,  Adams  and  Alexon  have 
opened  a  good  mine  in  their  ijueen  of  the  West 
location,  a  short  distance  above  the  great  Elmore 
mining  property.  They  have  run  the  main  tunnel 
along  the  ledge  for  a  distance  of  300  ftet  and  have 
struck  at  a  depth  of  no  feet  from  the  surface,  the 
same  chimney  or  o'e  body  the  surface  rock  from 
which  panned  out  so  handsomely  by  working  pro- 
cess at  Reeser's  mill  last  summer.  The  tunnel  for 
a  distance  of  200  feel  is  in  good  ore,  but  it  does  not 
compare  in  richn*?ss  to  the  big  body  of  free-milling 
gold  quirlz  they  struck  a  few  days  ago.  The  ledge 
is  five  feet  wide,  with  well-defined  casings  and  walls, 
and  it  is  now  demonstrated  beyond  a  doubt  that  it 
increases  in  size  and  richness  as  depth  is  attained. 
A  streak  of  30  inches  of  the  ledge  is  very  rich  in 
gold  and  if  assorted  would  pay  immensely,  but  the 
whole  vein  from  wall  to  wall  could  be  mined  and 
milled  at  a  big  profit. 

Elkhorn.— Idaho  World,  March  18:  Jess  Brad- 
ford, foreman  of  the  Eikhorn,  and  Ed  Clark,  at 
work  in  the  mine,  came  down  from  there  the  other 
day.  less  says  the  raise,  600  feet  from  the  mouth 
of  the  lower  tunnel,  is  now  up  256  feet,  and  is  wiih- 
in  about  75  feet  of  the  old  works  of  the  mine  where 
so  much  high-grade  ore  was  turned  out  in  the  six- 
ties. The  raise  has  gone  through  some  fine  ore,  but 
in  carrying  on  this  work  they  have  not  taken  the 
time  to  thoroughly  prospect  the  vein.  Another 
raise  is  going  up  jrom  a  side  drift  run  from  the 
main  tunnel  400  feet  from  the  mouth,  and  they  are 
also  prospecting  for  ihe  chute  from  which  Hugh 
Turner,  in  a  few  weeks,  took  out  $30,000  from  a 
level  above. 

At  the  Red  Cloud,— Wood  River  Times,  March 
20:  Ten  men  have  been  put  to  work  at  the  Red 
Cloud  mine  during  the  past  few  days,  and  as  soon 
as  the  tunnel  on  the  500-level  is  sufficiently  advanced 
to  admit  of  another  tunnel  being  commenced  at  a 
depth  of  600  feet,  ten  more  men  will  be  put  on. 
This  will  make  about  30  men  at  work  there,  and 
may  be  the  maximum  number  which  the  Co.  will 
employ  this  year,  as  this  is  about  as  many  as  can  be 
worked  to  advantage  until  more  openings  are  made 
in  the  mine.  It  is  the  intention  of  the  management 
to  drive  a  tunnel  at  every  100  feet  of  descent,  until 
such  depth  is  attained  that  it  will  be  cheaper  to  sink 
a  vertical  shaft  than  work  through  tunnels.  This 
may  not,  however,  be  for  years.  As  there  is  no  par- 
ticular hurry  about  it,  no  large  shipments  of  ore  will 
be  made  from  the  property  until  some  time  in  May. 
Then,  if  the  ore  rates  are  satisfactory,  the  production 
may  run  up  to  a  carload  a  day.  The  property  is  al- 
ready opened  sufficiently  to  admit  of  this;  but  the 
management  is  in  no  particular  hurry  about  it,  as 
all  it  wants  is  a  fair  return  on  the  investment. 
Since  the  company  took  hold,  quite  an  important  de- 
velopment has  been  made.  The  face  of  the  tunnel 
on  the  500  level  showed  22  inches  of  ore  when  the 
m'ne  changed  hands,  but  since  then  the  ore  in  the 
header  has  widened  to  three  feet.  By  one  shot  in 
the  breast,  six  tons  of  first-cla^s  ore  were  knocked 
down. 

MONTANA. 

Argenta  District.  —  Cor.  Butte  Inter-Mount- 
ain, March  18:  In  the  Argenta  district  a  very  con- 
fident feeling  prevails  among  those  best  pDstedon 
the  resources  of  the  camp  that  the  coming  season 
will  p'ace  them  in  a  prosperous  condition,  and  that 
their  production  and  shipments  of  lead-silver  bullion 
with  enough  gold  in  it  to  make  it  a  matter  of  inter- 
est, will  be  of  sufficient  magnitude  to  attract  capital 
to  properly  develop  and  show  up  their  properties. 
The  P.  J.  Kelly  Co.  has  been  merged  into  the  Ar- 
genta  Mining  Co.  and  the  new  capital  enlisted  in 
this  company  has  already  paid  off  the  indebtedness 
incurred  by  the  o'd  organization. 

The  Bald  Mountain  District.  —  On  the  Bull 
and  Dillon  lodes  Mcintosh  &  Co.  have  developed 
Eome  fine  gold  and  copper  ores  and  their  prospect  is 
really  flittering.  A  syndicate  of  Washington,  D. 
C,  capitalists  have  acquired  some  properties  here 
and  are,  in  a  quiet  way,  developing  them  with  a 
small  force  of  men,  and  appear  to  be  well  satisfied 
with  their  purchase. 

The  Magnet  Group.  — Some  Butte  capitalists 
are  interested  here  and  work  is  being  prosecuted  on 
their  tunnels  by  a  full  force  all  ihe  time,  under  the 
management  of  W.  R.  Pearson. 

The  Elkhorn  District.  —  The  Critic  M.  Co. 
completed  their  mill  last  fall,  but  owing  to  the  alti- 
tude and  consequent  severity  of  the  weather,  have 
not  bpen  operating  it.  The  work  done  before  clos- 
ing on  account  of  the  snow  was  very  satisfactory. 
They  can  treat  nine  tons  in  24  hours,  amalgamating 
by  the  barrel  process  and  saving  a  high  per  cent  of 
the  ore  value.  They  have  a  large  supply  of  ore  out 
ready  to  start  the  mill  as  soon  as  the  weather  will 
permit.  The  San  Francisco  Co.  on  the  Storm  and 
Simpson  mines  are  keeping  the  water  out  and  L.  C. 
Fyhrie  is  down  making  arrangements  to  continue 
developments  on  the  property.  The  principal  draw- 
back to  the  development' of  this  camp  is  the  extreme 
cold,  as  it  lies  over  8000  feet  above  the  sea  level. 

The  Glen  District.  —  Dr.  J.  S.  Meade  and 
Stanfield  have  been  developing  a  mine  called  the 
Yellow  Jacket  about  five  miles  across  the   Big  Hole 


river  from  1  len  station.  They  have  two  tunnels  in 
on  the  vein,  one  75  feel  and  the  other  45,  and  have 
from  B  to  12  inches  of  a  fine  chloride  ore  carrying 
from  150  to  over  500  ounces  silver.  Both  gentlemen 
are  highly  elated  over  their  new  find. 

NEW  MBXIOO. 

Great  Work,.— ^t^wMw-fj/  Sentind,  March  i8: 
M.  W.  Ntfl' shipped  40  Ions  of  Little  Fanny  ore  to 
Denver  on  Saturday.  The  Pacific  Gold  Co.  is  ship- 
ping two  carloads  of  concentrates  to  Pueblo  daily. 
Mr.  Newcomb  has  resum''d  the  shipment  of  iron  ore 
to  the  Socorro  smelter.  He  now  employs  45  men  at 
his  mill  and  mine.  K.  L.  Powell  is  taking  out  some 
very  rich  ore  at  his  property  on  Walnul  creek,  and 
will  soon  make  a  shipment.  Negotiations  for  'he 
sale  of  the  Maud  S.  mine  are  still  pending,  and  it 
is  understood  that  the  owners  have  agreed  to  sell 
provided  the  conditions  of  the  sale  are  complied 
with  on  or  before  the  ist  of  April  next.  Mr.  Kil- 
gour  of  Cooney,  one  of  the  owners  of  the  Champion 
mine  on  Silver  creek,  was  found  dead  in  his  cabin  a 
few  days  ago.  His  relatives  reside  in  Grass  Valley, 
Cal.  The  Champion  is  considered  one  of  the  best 
mines  in  the  Mogollon  country. 

The  Zinc  Mines  in  Hanover. — John  Brock- 
man  and  others  have  bonded  a  group  of  zinc  mines 
in  Hanover,  belonging  to  W.  Z.  Redding,  Mrs. 
John  Black,  A,  Marlin,  Peter  Mangal.  and  others. 
Twenty  miners  have  been  employed  and  a  number 
of  teams  have  been  engaged  to  haul  the  ore  to  this 
place,  whence  it  will  be  shipped  to  Mineral  Point, 
Wis.,  for  treatment.  M.  W.  NcfF  is  steadily  operat- 
ing his  zinc  mines  in  this  district,  and  says  he  is 
making  a  fair  profit  on  his  shipments.  He  has  pur- 
chased the  interest  of  his  partner,  John  Irwin,  and 
is  now  sole  owner  of  the  mine. 

UTAH. 

Venus  —Eureka  CIdef,  March  20:  Jas.  H.  Law- 
son  and  Johnnie  Hunt  discovered  a  large  body  of 
ore  on  their  claim,  the  Venus,  this  week,  in  the 
mountains  beyond  Homansville,  about  2%  miles 
east  of  Eureka.  An  assay  was  made  of  the  ore  and 
Mr.  Lawson  informs  us  that  it  goes  15  ozs.  silver, 
18  per  cent  lead  and  $5  in  gold.  This  iS'  pretty  rich 
for  surface  ore  and  it  will  doubtless  grow  richer  as 
depth  is  attained.  The  boys  feel  sure  that  they 
have  a  good  thing.  There  was  quite  a  rush  of  pros- 
pectors to  that  vicinity,  and  the  ground  adjacent  to 
the  Venus  was  all  taken  up  in  short  order. 


List  of  U.  S.  Patents  for  Pacific  Coast 
Inventors. 

Reported  by  Dewey  &  Co.,  Pioneer  Patent 
SoUcltorB  for  Pacific  Ooast. 

for  week  ending  march  l8,  1890. 

423  429.— Device  for  Tapping  Sheet-Metal 
Vessels— C.  H  James,  Oikland,  Cal. 

423,778. — Lawn  Sprinkler— A.  A.  Kent,  San 
Jose,  Cal. 

423,618.— Adjustable  GROOVitSc  Head— Mat- 
thews &  Quinlean,  Oakland,  Cal. 

423,631— Oil-Can  Holder — H.  Reno,  Port- 
land, Ogn. 

423  447.— Metal  Railway  Tie— P.  W.  Ross, 
Los  Angeles,  Cal. 

423(633. — Fence  Post— Saxon  &  James,  Colfax, 
Wash. 

423,832.— Ore-Crushing  Mill— W.  C.  Stiles, 
S.  F. 

423,504.— Swinging  Gate— M.  B.  Wible,  Areata, 
Cal. 

The  following  brief  list  by  telegraph,  for  March  25,  will 
appear  more  complete  on  receipt  of  mail  advices: 

CoUfornia— Samuel  Bauman,  Santa  Cruz,  ticket-holder 
for  marking  goods;  Henry  O  Beatty,  Sacramento,  steam 
motor  for  pumps;  John  R.  Brett,  Oakl-ind,  feed-rod  for 
ore-stamp  mlla;  Walter  Bulbrd.  Chlco,  baliog  press; 
Walter  M.  Cary,  S.  F.,  street-railway  car  truck;  Marcua 
Uattlebaum,  S.  P.,  um'rtlla  attachment;  Frank  A  Fox, 
S.  F..  car  coupling;  Frank  L  Hughes,  Areata,  ax  head; 
David  D.  Jonea,  Santa  Clara,  fruit-grader;  John  Keane, 
S.  F.,  wind  guard;  John  C.  Kitton,  assignor  of  haU- 
tntereat  to  W.  T.  Garratt,  S.  F.,  machine;  Albert  Mc- 
Dowtll,  assignor  of  half-Interest  to  J.  A.  Stroud,  Selma, 
cooler;  Nans  Nieeon,  Sacramento,  fender  for  feed- 
troughs;  Charles  H.  Ohm,  S.  P.,  railway  switch;  Nels 
K.  Pearson,  S.  F.,  brake  shoe;  Albert  H.  Bichardaon,  8. 
F.,  machine  for  sharpening  cutting  tools;  Frederick  A. 
Robbing,  S.  F.,  machine  for  crimpiDg  the  heada  of  metal 
cans. 

NOTB.— Copies  of  U.  S.  and  Foreign  patents  furnished 
by  Dewey  &  Co.,  in  the  shortest  time  possible  (by  mall 
or  telegraphic  order).  American  and  Foreign  patenta 
obtained,  and  general  patent  buslnesB  tor  Pacific  CoaBt 
Inventors  transacted  with  perfect  security,  at  reasonable 
rates,  and  in  the  ahorteet  possible  time. 


Mining  Slrare  Market. 

The  past  week  showed  continued  activity  in 
ChoUar  and  Potosi  shares,  with  the  latter  in  the 
lead.  The  movement  has  been  sharp  and  decisive. 
So  faras  we  can  learn,  the  general  public  have  no 
faith  in  Ihe  proposition,  neither  do  experienced  min- 
ers speak  any  too  hopelul,  yet  ibcy  qualify  their  re- 
marks by  saying  that  it  is  a  gamble,  for  present 
prospects  n)ay  prove  by  work  more  valuable  than 
now  thought.  To  an  outsider  it  looks  as  if  the 
manipulators  have  shons  on  the  slock  who  they 
are  determined  to  make  fill,  after  which  peddle  out 
the  shares.  This  has  always  been  the  case  hereto- 
fore. The  Potosi  mine  at  to-day's  (Thursday)  quo- 
tations is  seUing  at  about  $500,000,  which  is  a  very 
good  price.  Vet  the  shares  may  sell  higher  before 
there  is  a  decided  break.  In  the  other  stocks  there 
has  been  only  a  slight  upward  movement  in  sym- 
pathy with  the  advance  in  Potosi.  In  the  Tusca- 
roras  and  other  outside  mining  shares,  trading  has 
been  light,  attention  being  drawn  to  the  middle 
group  of  the  Comstock  mines. 

In  another  department  of  to-day's  paper  there  ap- 
pears a  communication  from  an  experienced  practi- 
cal miner  on  the  present  situation  on  the  Comstock 
lode. 

Several  mining  men  are  to  leave  to-morrow  or 
Saturday  for  Virginia  City  to  examine  the  Potosi 
and  Chollar  mines.  In  our  next  week's  issue,  we 
will  be  able  to  give  the  result  of  their  investigation. 
From  the  Comstock  mines,  while  reliable  private 
advices  continue  scarce,  yet  a  few  items  begin  to 
leak  out,  which  give  a  fair  idea  on  what  the  present 
movements  in  stocks  are  grounded. 

The  upraise  in  Potosi  is  up  from  the  930-foot 
level,  65  feet,  and  is  in  3  feet  of  ore  assaying  from 
$35  to  $45  a  Ion.  On  the  same  level  a  winze  is  be- 
ing sunk  on  the  same  ore,  which  at  last  advices  had 
widened  104  feet,  assaying  from  $30  to  $50  a  ton.  A 
drilt  from  the  Ward  Shaft  is  being  pushed  west  to 
get  beneath  the  ore  found  in  Potosi.  In  Chollar 
they  are  preparing  to  start  several  crosscuts  next 
week  in  the  ledge  now  being  opened  up  in  Potosi. 
Advices  from  Hale  and  Norcross  report  that  work 
was  suspended  owing  to  a  flow  of  water,  but  this  is 
about  over  now,  and  work  is  to  be  resumed.  At 
the  date  of  stopping  work  a  6-foot  vein  of  $40  to  $65 
ore  was  cut  on  the  1200-foot  level,  which  widened  to 
9  feet  on  the  1250-foot  level.  On  the  i30o-foot  level 
a  drift  is  being  run  to  tap  the  downward  continua- 
tion of  the  ore.  If  it  widens  at  the  same  rate  as  it 
did  from  the  1200  to  the  1250-foot  level,  it  ought  to 
be  quite  a  good  sized  body  of  ore  on  the  last  named 
level.  In  Overman,  on  the  1200-foot  level  a  body  of 
good  ore  is  being  developed. 

From  the  Tuscaroras,  private  information  that  is 
reliable  is  hard  to  get.  Mr.  Hyman,  who  has  just 
returned  from  the  district,  speaks  in  glowing  terms 
of  the  situation,  yet  the  shares  of  the  mines  listed  on 
the  stock  boards  act  as  if  they  were  very  "  sick." 
From  the  Quijotoas  our  advices  are  favorable,  as  are 
they  from  the  Mt.  Diablo  mice.  From  the  Bodie 
district  our  advices  are  still  more  favorable.  String- 
ers and  streaks  continue  to  come  in  in  Bodie,  and 
the  more  favorable  are  followed  with  the  hope  of 
finding  something  of  value.  Those  in  position  to 
know  are  very  hopeful  over  the  present  situation. 
Work  is  being  done  in  all  the  levels  from  the  800  up 
to  the  400  foot  level. 

Potosi  was  assessed  to-day  50  cents  per  share. 


Bullion  Shipments. 

We  quote  shipments  since  our  last  and  shall  be 
pleased  to  receive  further  reports  : 

Cons.  CaUfornia  and  Virginia,  March  26,  $64,515; 
total  to  date  for  March,  $78,813;  Hanauer.  19, 
$2650;  Ontario,  19.  $21,821;  Hanauer.'2o,  $6150;  Jus- 
tice, 22,  $4574;  Commonwealth,  24,  $t6.ooo. 

Our  Agents. 

Our  Fribnds  can  do  much  In  aid  of  our  paper  and  the 
cause  of  practical  knowledge  and  Boience,  by  assiatlng 
Agents  in  their  labors  of  canvassing,  by  lending  their  In- 
fluence and  encouraging  favors.  We  intend  to  send  none 
but  worthy  men. 

J.  C.  Hoio— San  Francisco, 

R.  O.  Bailby— Sao  Francisco. 

E.  B.  BocKMVN— Santa  Cruz  Co. 

Samdel  Cliff— San  Luis  Obisp"  Co. 

C.  J.  WADB—San  Bernardino  Co.  * 

W.  W.  Thbobaldb— Lob  Angeles  Co. 

E.  H.  ScHABPFLR— Calaveras  Co. 

Frank  S.  Chapih— Colusa  Co. 

Isaac  Atbr— Fresno,  Cal. 

Herbert  (Jabpkntbr— Fresno'.Co 

W,  e.  Frost— Humboldt  Co. 

Gbo.  WiiiBOK— Sacramento  Co. 

T  M.  Stackub— Sierra  Co. 

H.  Kbllby — Modoc  Co. 

Wm.  H.  HiLLBART— Oregon. 

E.  E.    Dbminq — Oregon. 

Chas  M.  Moodt- Oregon. 

H.  G.  Par soNH— Wash ington. 

T.  J.  Mat— Washington. 

R.  G.  HusTOK — Montana. 


,  Cal. 


New  Incorporations. 

The  following  companies  have  been  incorporated, 
and  papers  filed  in  the  office  of  the  Superior  Court, 
department  10,  San  Francisco : 

DOpale  Cosmetique  Compagnie,  March  21. 
Object,  to  manufacture  opaline  and  other  toilet 
articles.  Capital  stock,  $5000.  Directors — A.  W. 
Hinton,  L.  M.  Kand.  W.  Blaisdell,  C,  J.  Blaisdell 
and  S.  V.  Harris. 

Home  Investment  Association,  March  21. 
Object,  to  deal  in  real  estate  and  loan  money.  Cap- 
ital stock, .  $r, 000, 000.  Directors  —  Jeremiah  F, 
Sullivan,  Jas.  H.  Birry,  Frank  T.  Shay,  John  C. 
Bateman,  Wm.  H.  Gagan,  Charles  T.  Stanley, 
lohn  Gallwey,  Edward  J.  Casey  and  William  F. 
Welch. 

Star  Bowkett  Land  and  Building  Associ- 
ation. The  Directors  are  John  M.  uays,  Edward 
Oliver,  Wm.  F.  Floyd.  Wm.  Clack,  F.  D.  Branden, 
H.  V.  Hutton,  W.  H.  Fuller,  Peter  F.  HoUings 
and  Hy  G.  Jackson. 

Mendocino  County  Redwood  Association. 
Capital  stock,  $500,000.  Directors— Franklin  Hey- 
wood,  Samuel  Blair,  J.  G.  Jackson,  E.  J.  Dodge  of 
Alameda,  C.  E.  White,  E.  C.  Williams  and  L.  E. 
White  of  Oakland,  and  Henry  Wetherbee  and  Rob't 
G.  Bixbee  of  Fruitvale. 

Sumner  Fanning  Co.  Capital  stock,  $200,000. 
Directors — Frank  W.  Sumner,  Chas.  Stewart,  Jas. 
Stevenson,  M.  P.  Brown  and  Wm.  Baillie. 

Roberts  Printing  Co.,  March  22.  Capital 
stock,  $?S,ooo.  Directors— John  W.  Roberts,  E. 
K.  Roberts,  W.  L.  Seward,  Wm.  H.  Hyde  Jr.,'  H. 
L.  Gear. 

Cincinnati  M.  Co.,  March  25.  Location, 
Tombstone,  A.  T.  Capital  stock,  $10,000,000. 
Directors— A.  F.  McGrew,  W.  B.  Reynolds,  F. 
Tagliabue,  N.  B.  Lazard  and  W.  Gambs. 

Belvidere  Improvement  Co.,  March  26.  Ob- 
ject, to  deal  in  lands,  railroads,  vessels,  water 
rights,  buildings,  franchises,  etc.  Capital  stock, 
$500,000.  Directors— Fred  S,  Wilson,  H.  N.  Mc- 
Chesney,  A.  G.  Pratt,  Henry  Thompson  and  Frank 
P.  Pray. 

JtTDGE  HooE  has  Bigned  the  fiadiogs  in  the 
ease  of  Archie  Borlaud  against  the  Nevada 
Bink.  The  judgment  is  for  S71,469.o-i  In  favor 
of  Mr,  Bsrland's  estate.  The  IndebtedDeaa 
grew  ont  of  mining  and  water-right  speculation 
Id  the  Blaok  Hills  coantry  several  years  ago. 

The  franchise  to  the  Paoifio  Telephone  and 
Telegraph  Co.  to  lay  undergroand  conduits  to 
the  oity  has  been  granted  by  the  Sapervisors, 
notwithstanding  the  Mayor's  veto. 

Smaetsville,  Yuba  county,  isliaving  an  old- 
time  boom;  about  150  men  are  employed  in  the 
miqea  there. 


218 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Mar.  29,  1890 


n^ECHAJMieAL-PROGRESS. 
Notes  on  the  Working  of  Steel. 

1.  Good  soft  heat  is  safe  to  nse  if  steel  be 
immediately  and  thoroughly  worked. 

It  is  a  faot  that  good  steel  will  endure  more 
pounding  than  any  iron. 

2.  IE  steel  be  left  long  In  the  fire  it  will 
lose  its  steely  nature  and  grain  and  partake  of 
the  nature  of  cast  iron. 

Steel  should  never   be  kept  hot  any  longer 
'  than  is  necessary  for  the  work  to  be  done, 

3.  Sbeel  ia  entirely  mercurial  under  the 
action  of  heat,  and  a  careful  study  of  the  tables 
will  show  that  there  must  of  necessity  be  an 
injarioua  internal  strain  created  whenever  two 
or  more  parts  of  the  same  piece  are  subjected 
to  different  temperatures. 

4.  It  follows  that  when  steel  has  been  sub- 
jected to  heat  not  absolntely  uniform  over  the 
whole  mass,  careful  annealing  should  be  re- 
sorted to. 

5.  As  the  change  of  volume  due  to  a  degree 
of  heat  increases  directly  and  rapidly  with  the 
quantity  of  c^krbon  present,  therefore  high  steel 
IS  more  liable  to  dangerous  internal  strain  than 
low  steel,  and  great  oare  should  be  exercised  in 
the  use  of  high  steel, 

6.  Hot  steel  should  always  be  put  in  a  per- 
fectly dry  place  of  even  temperature  while  cool- 
lag.  A  wet  place  in  the  floor  might  be  eaffi- 
cieut  to  cause  serious  injury. 

7.  Never  let  any  one  fool  you  with  the 
statement  that  hla  steel  possesses  a  peculiar 
property  which  enables  it  to  be  "  restored  " 
after  being  *'  burned ;"  no  more  should  yon 
waste  any  money  on  nostrums  for  restoring 
burned  steel. 

We  have  shown  how  to  restore  **  overheated  " 
steel, 

For  "burned"  steel,  which  is  oxidized 
steel,  there  is  only  one  way  of  restoration,  and. 
that  is  through  the  knobbling  fire  or  the  blast 
fnrnace. 

"Overheating  "and  "  restoring  "  should  only 
be  allowable  for  purposes  of  experiment.  The 
process  is  one  of  disintegration  and  is  always 
injurious. 

S.  Ba  careful  not  to  overdo  the  annealing 
process;  if  carried  too  far  it  does  great  harm, 
and  it  Is  one  of  the  commonest  modes  of  de- 
struction which  the  ateel>maker  meets  in  his 
daily  troubles. 

It  is  hard  to  induce  the  average  worker  in 
Bteel  to  believe  that  very  little  annealing  is 
necessary,  ani  that  a  very  little  is  really  more 
tffiaacious  than  a  great  deal, — Exchange, 


Steel  Ties  Successfully  Tested. 

Some  of  the  *' Standard"  steel  ties  have  been 
in  service  on  a  quarter  of  a  mile  of  the  Chicago 
&  Western  Indiana  railroad  about  four 
months.  The  ties  are  of  channel  section,  with 
a  block  of  compressed,  preserved  wood  (on  end 
grain)  under  each  rail.  Ooncerning  the  results 
thus  far  reached,  Mr.  J.  W.  Clark,  roadmaster 
of  the  Chicago  &  Western  Indiana  railroad 
and  the  Bilt  railway  of  Chicago,  says  :  •*  These 
ties  were  laid  October  1,  1SS9.  They  were  put 
in  at  the  above  location  on  south-bound  track, 
for  the  reason  that  at  this  point  the  ballast  is 
very  light  gravel,  which  would  make  the  test 
much  more  severe  than  if  they  had  been  put  in 
at  another  location  of  the  road.  The  traffic  on 
this  section  is  80  regular  trains  in  one  direction 
every  24  hours.  The  heaviest  engine  weighs 
96,000  pounds,  with  15,000  pounds  on  each  pair 
of  drivers.  So  far  the  ties  have  given  perfect 
satisfaction,  requiring  but  slight  attention,  and 
that  only  when  first  laid.  There  are  no  loose 
bolts,  cfips  or  nuts.  It  would  be  impossible 
for  me  to  estimate  correctly,  at  the  present 
time,  the  saving  in  maintenance,  as  the  only 
thing  to  need  attention  is  the  bolts  and  clips, 
and  80  far  they  have  shown  no  indication  of 
weakness  in  any  particular.  There  has  been 
no  upheaval  of  the  ties  where  the  ground  is 
frozen,  and  from  present  indications  I  hardly 
believe  that  such  will  occur.  The  ties  are  in 
good  line  and  surface,  and  hold  the  rails  in  an 
upright,  rigid  position,  so  that  the  wear  on  the 
rail-bead  seems  to  be  more  uniform  and  even 
than  where  wooden  ties  are  used.  1  am  free  to 
say  that  the  ties  have  so  far  surpassed  all  my 
expectations.  There  seems  to  be  no  possibility 
of  spreading  of  the  rails.  Should  a  rail  break, 
there  would  be  less  liability  to  accident,  for  the 
reason  that  the  fastenings  bold  the  rail  abso- 
lutely firm  and  rigid,  I  believe  that  the  sav- 
ing in  maintenance  that  will  eventually  be 
shown,  and  the  absolutely  safe,  permanent  way 
which  these  ties  make,  to  say  nothing  of  their 
greater  life,  will  show  greatly  in  their  favor." 

To  BuiLB  Steel  Oars, — The  fact  that  this  is 
the  age  of  steel,  says  an  exchange,  is  empha- 
sized by  the  announcement  of  the  birth  of 
another  town,  the  purchase  of  half  a  million 
dollars  worth  of  acre  property,  and  the  perfec- 
tion of  a  practical  idea  that  will  revolutionize 
railroad  travel.  The  project  is  the  manufact- 
ure of  steel  railway  oars,  which,  although  not  a 
new  thing  by  any  means,  has  not  yet  been 
largely  entered  upon.  The  site  of  the  new 
town  is  within  the  corporate  limits  of  Chicago, 
embraces  700  acree,  and  in  point  of  manufact- 
uring importance  promises  to  become  a  second 
Pullman.  PJans  are  already  drawn  up  for 
works  covering  ten  acres,  near  the  intersection 
of  Grand  Trunk  and  lUinois  Central  railroads. 
The  main  purpose  of  the  company  is  the  con- 
atruotioo  of  an  absolutely  fire-proof  steel  oar. 


These  cars  will  not  have  any  wood  in  their 
composition,  and  will  be  wholly  of  steel  or 
other  non-combustible  material.  The  steel 
uaed,  known  as  Kalamein,  is  impervious  to  rust, 
susceptible  to  the  highest  polish,  and  not  liable 
to  contraction  or  expansion  ander  varying  de- 
grees of  temperature.  The  new  car  has  received 
the  indorsement  of  experts  in  car-building,  the 
model  now  in  use  being  a  first-class  postoffice 
car,  built  on  plans  approved  by  the  Postoffice 
Department,  and  fitted  up  with  all  the  latest 
improvements.  We  presume  that  the  works 
above  described  are  for  putting  into  practical 
use  the  invention  of  a  well-known  resident  of 
San  Francisco, 


Manufaciure  of  Red  Glass. — The  secret 
of  the  manufacture  of  red  glass  for  church 
windows — 12th  and  ISth  centuries — was,  ac- 
cording to  a  paper  by  C.  B.  Guignet  and  L, 
Magne,  only  recovered  by  Boutemps  In  1826, 
who  showed  that  the  red  color  was  due  to  the 
presence  of  cuprous  oxide.  The  modern  manu 
facture,  however,  is  not  equal  to  that  of  early 
tiofies.  The  author — Journal  of  the  Society 
of  Chemical  Industry — shows  that  the  glass  of 
the  12tfa  and  ISth  centuries  maybe  divided 
into  three  main  classes:  (1)  Glass  veined  on 
the  surface.  These  markings  are  only  on  the 
one  surface,  and  have  been  produced  during 
the  blowing  by  the  spreading  out  and  flattening 
of  the  glass,  due  to  centrtfagal  force,  at  the  end 
of  the  blowpipe.  (2)  Glass  colored  in  the 
middle.  This  was  obtained  by  fusing  a  very 
thin  layer  of  red  glass  between  two  oolorlees 
surfaces.  The  effect  is  much  finer  than  that 
obtained  by  the  present  method  of  fiishing, 
L  e.,  having  the  colored  glass  outside  and  the 
colorless  within.  (3)  Glass  marbled  in  its  snb- 
stanqe.  This  was  ot  two  kinds.  In  one  case 
the  mirkings  were  bent,  twisted  and  turned 
bjick  on  themselves  in  no  sort  of  order,  while 
in  the  other  the  colore  occurred  in  exceedingly 
thin  layers  always  parallel  to  one  another,  and 
the  whole  wavy  in  outline.  The  color  is  made 
up  of  different  shades  of  red,  and  the  vainings 
are  only  red  on  the  surface.  Th^y  have  been 
produced  by  gla^s  of  a  yellowish  tint  arising 
from  the  presence  of  protoxide  of  iron  coming 
in  contact  with  the  greenish-blue  glass,  due  to 
cupric  oxide. 

Steel  Trusses  for  Masis. — There  is  no 
problem' of  greater  interest  to  shipbuilders  and 
owners  along  the  Atlantic  Coast  just  now  than 
that  of  devising  a  safe  and  otherwise  satisfac- 
tory rig  for  the  big  four-masted  Bchooners  that 
have  become  so  fashionable  within  the  past  three 
or  four  years.  Instead  of  the  long,  thick, 
heavy  spar  rising  from  the  midship  line,  it  is 
proposed  to  substitute  two  neat,  substantial 
steel  trusses.  The  trusses  are  to  be  built  of 
three  or  foor  pieces  of  flat  steel  set  edgewise  to 
the  side  of  the  ship,  and  united  by  angle  irons 
riveted  between  them  and  by  tie  rode,  which 
would  make  the  trues  at  once  light,  stiff  and 
symmetrical.  Where  the  trusses  meet  at  the 
croBstreea,  they  !would  be  riveted  to  a  stiff  steel 
cylinder,  in  which  the  topmast  would  be 
stepped.  From  the  heel  of  this  topmast,  or 
from  the  steel  cylinder  in  which  it  was  stepped, 
would  be  stretched  a  steel  rope,  the  lower  end 
of  which  would  be  set  up  in  a  stout  eye-bolt 
set  into  a  deck  beam.  The  sail  could  be  se- 
cured to  this  perpendicular  stay  by  clips,  just 
as  the  yacht  jibs  are  secured  to  a  j  b-stay.  The 
boom  and  gaff  would  swing  on  metal  collars 
put  around  the  rope.  The  sail  would  swing  to 
and  fro  as  readily  as  it  now  does.  The  steel 
rope  on  which  it  swung,  if  of  proper  size, 
would  stand  a  much  greater  strain  than  any 
wooden  mast.  Farther,  to  strengthen  the 
trusses  that  at  once  replace  masts  and  shrouds, 
croBS-plates  and  tie-rods  could  be  run  from 
truss  to  truss,  but  if  the  truss-plates  were  made 
of  suitable  size,  and  the  Size  could  be  easily 
calculated,  these  long  tie-rode  would  not  be 
necessary. 

SoMETBiNG  New  in  Steam -Engine  Foun- 
dations.— Among  the  remarkable  examples  of 
bold  engineering  In  the  great  sugar  refinery  of 
ClauB  Spreckele,  of  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  one  of 
the  most  unique  is  the  hanging  or  aerial  steam- 
engine  foundations.  The  engines  used  in  this 
establishment  are  distributed  practically  all 
over  the  buildings,  a  large  proportion  of  them 
being  on  upper  floors.  Some  of  these  engines 
are  bolted  to  iron  beams  or  girders  on  second 
and  third  stories  of  the  building,  and  are  con- 
sequently innocent  of  all  fouoclation.  Some  of 
thuse  engines  run  noiselessly  and  eitisfactorily, 
while  others  produced  mora  or  less  vibration 
and  rattle.  To  correct  the  latter,  the  engineers 
simply  suspended  foundations  from  the  bottoms 
of  the  engines,  so  that,  in  looking  at  them  from 
the  lower  floors,  they  were  literally  hanging 
in  the  air.  A  foundation  does  service  to  an 
engine,  or  any  machinery,  it  seems,  by  its 
weight  alone;  hence  it  makes  little  difference 
whether  the  foundation  be  flrmly  imbedded  in 
mother  earth  or  in  the  air. 


Cementing  as  a  Substitute  poa  Welling. 
By  a  new  method  of  cementiog  iron,  the  parts 
cemented  are  so  effectually  joined  as  to  resist 
the  blows  even  of  a  sledge-hammer.  The 
cement  is  composed  of  equal  parts  of  sulphur 
and  white  lead,  with  a  proportion  of  about  one- 
sixth  of  borax,  When  the  composition  is  to  be 
applied,  it  is  wet  with  strong  sulphuric 
acid,  and  a  thin  layer  of  it  is  placed  between 
the  two  pieces  of  iron,  which  are  at  once 
pressed  together.  In  five  days  it  will  be  per- 
fectly dry,  all  traces  of  the  cement  having  vau' 
iehed,  and  the  work  hayiDg  every  appearance  of 
welding. 


SeiENTiFie  Pfiogress. 


The  Tongue  of  a  Snail. — The  month  of  the 
snail  is  armed  with  a  very  formidable  instru- 
ment in  the  shape  of  a  remarkable  saw-like 
tongue  which  slioes  off  leaves  like  a  knife. 
Probably  you  have,  at  some  time  or  another, 
noticed  how  cleanly  cut  are  the  edges  of  a  leaf 
upon  which  a  snail  has  been  regaling  himself. 
It  is  difficult  to  imagine  how  such  a  soft  and 
flibby-looking  animal  can  have  made  such 
clean  incisions.  But  with  an  examination  of 
the  cutting  instrument  concealed  in  his  month, 
wonder  on  this  score  vanishes.  It  resembles  a 
long,  narrow  ribbon,  coiled  in  sach  a  manner 
that  only  a  small  portion  of  it  ia  called  into  use 
at  once.  Thickly  distributed  over  the  entire 
surface  of  this  ribbon  are  an  immense  number 
of  excessively  sharp  little  teeth,  designed  in  a 
manner  which  admirably  adapts  them  to  the 
purpose  for  which  they  are  intended.  The 
number  of  these  teeth  is  incredible — one 
species,  for  instanoe,  has  been  indisputably 
proved  to  possess  as  many  aa  30,000  of  them. 
The  reason  for  their  disposition  on  a  coiled, 
ribbon-like  surface  lies  in  the  fact  that  by  use 
they  become  worn  away.  As  this  happens,  the 
ribbon  is  uncoiled,  and  the  teeth,  which  before 
were  wrapped  up  in  it  at  the  back  of  the 
snail's  mouth,  come  forward  to  take  the  place 
of  those  which  have  served  their  turn.  The 
upper  part  of  the  mouth  consists  of  a  horny 
surface  against  which  the  sharp-toothed  tongue 
works,  A  leaf  which  is  to  be  operated  upon  is 
ciught  between  the  two  and  subjected  to  a  reg- 
ular file-like  rasping  on  the  part  of  the  tongue. 
So  effective  an  instrument  does  this  form  that 
the  tough  leaves  of  the  lily  may  often  be  found 
to  be  entirely  rasped  off  by  it. — Longman's 
Magazine, 

Standard  of  Length  — In  the  Uaited  States 
and  Eogland,  the  siaodard  of  length  is  the 
yard;  and  the  question  arises.  How  long  is  a 
yard  ?  It  may  be  said  in  answer  that  a  yard  is 
simply  an  arbitrary  standard  which  tradition 
says  is  based  upon  the  length  of  the  arm  of 
Henry  VIII.  At  present  the  yard  is  the  dis- 
tance between  the  two  marks  upon  a  certain 
bar,  kept  in  the  Tower  of  London,  and  if  it 
should  be  destroyed,  the  exact  standard  could 
never  be  replaced.  To  avoid  this  uncertainty, 
and  obtain  a  fixed  and  unvarying  standard,  the 
French,  ia  the  last  century,  made  an  accurate 
measurement  of  a  quadrant  of  the  earth's  cir- 
cumference, and  taking  the  ten.millionth  part 
of  this  distance,  gave  it  the  name  of  meter,  and 
adopted  it  as  the  standard  of  length.  The 
length,  which  is  equal  to  about  39.37  inches,  is 
now  in  universal  use  on  the  continent  of  Eu- 
rope, and  is  authorized  as  a  legal  standard  in 
nearly  all  countries.  Considerable  discussion 
has  arisen  as  to  whether  the  original  measure- 
ment was  perfectly  accurate,  and  it  seems  prob- 
able that  there  was  a  small  error,  so  that  if  the 
standard  meter  now  kept  in  Paris  should  be  de- 
stroyed, a  remeasurement  of  the  quadrant  of 
the  earth  would  not  give  ne  exactly  the  same 
meter.  However,  the  error  in  any  case  is  a 
very  minute  one,  and  the  chances  are  very 
small  that  the  original  standard  will  ever  be 
destroyed,  to  say  nothing  of  the  fact  that  the 
numerous  copies  distributed  among  the  various 
nations  of  the  world  do  not  appreciably  differ 
from  it, — Popular  Science  News. 


An  Oxygen  En:plosion. — An  accident  which 
occurred  ia  LiXingEon,  III.,  gives  sad  emphasis 
to  the  necessity  for  care  in  conducting  chemical 
experiments.  Professor  J.  Jess,  of  the  high 
school,  started  to  make  oxygen  for  hia  chemical 
class.  He  used  as  a  retort  a  piece  of  gas  pipe 
eight  inches  long  and  two  inches  in  diameter. 
On  applying  heat  for  a  short  time  an  explosion 
occurred  and  the  retort  blew  up  like  a  bomb- 
shell. The  room  was  wrecked,  Professor  Jess 
and  several  others  were  terribly  injured,  while 
about  twenty  were  included  in  the  list  of 
wounded.  The  probabilities  are  that  the  chem- 
icals were  impure.  About  twenty  years  ago 
a  similar  accident  happened  at  the  School  of 
Mines,  Columbia  College.  The  experimenter 
bad  by  mistake  mixed  sulphide  of  antimony, 
instead  of  binoxide  of  manganese,  with  chlorate 
of  potash.  On  applying  heat  the  mixture  in 
the  retort  exploded  and  the  experimenter's  sight 
was  permanently  destroyed.  Oxygen  can  with 
perfect  safety  be  generated  in  a  glass  retort, 
flisk,  or  test  tube,  but  the  mixture  of  chemicals 
should  always  be  tested  by  heaticg  a  email 
quantity  in  the  bottom  of  a  test  tube.  IE  it 
evolves  oxygen  quietly,  the  oxygen  mixture 
may  be  considered  correctly  made.  Sulphide 
of  antimony  and  binoxide  of  manganese  are  eo 
similar  in  appearance  that  the  mistake  described 
above  is  one  always  liable  to  happen,  and  the 
result  is  practically  gunpowder  or  worse.  Or- 
ganic matter  or  sulphur  may  bring  about  a 
similar  result. 


Solvent  Power  of  a  Liquid. — A  very 
simpU  experiment  may  be  performed  to  show 
the  solvent  power  of  a  liquid,  namely,  by  tak- 
ing a  small  vial  of  camphor  water  or  a  quan- 
tity of  alcohol  with  as  much  camphor  dissolved 
as  it  will  hold,  and  then  adding  to  this  a  drop 
of  water;  it  is  as  clear  as  water  itself  until  the 
drop  is  added,  when  the  solution  is  weakened 
80  much  that  it  cannot  hold  the  camphor  longer 
in  solution  and  begins  to  give  it  up  in  a  white 
cloud,  allowing  it  to  rain  down  to  the  bottom 
of  a  glass.  About  the  same  process  as  this  is  ef- 
fective when  a  specimen  of  drinking  water  is  to 
be  examined  for  a  test  of  organic  matter  which  it 


may  contain  in  solution.  The  solvent  power 
for  this  impurity  ia  reduced  by  giving  the 
liquid  something  better  to  dissolve,  or  some- 
thing to  dissolve  for  which  it  has  a  greater 
liking,  sugar  being  one  of  the  beet  known  sub- 
stances in  this  respect;  thus  when  a  spoonful 
is  added  to  a  flask  and  corked  up  tight  in  the 
sunlight,  the  water  drops  the  organic  matter 
and  adopts  the  ingredient  it  has  a  greater 
afiioity  for — all  that  ia  required  being  to  watch 
for  the  minute  black  specks  which  will  be  seen 
floating  in  every  portion  of  the  liquid  when 
water  for  drinking  purposes  is  to  be  tested  for 
purity. — Ex, 

Guns  for  Fog  Signaling. —  Guns  have  for 
some  years  been  used  with  satisfactory  results 
for  fog-signaling  on  the  Swedish  coast.  Their 
signals  have  been  heard  as  far  as  12  nautical 
miles.  A  new  gun  has  just  been  manufactured 
and  Btationed  at  Hohne  Qidd  in  Sweden, 
made  of  best  wrought  Sandviken  Bessemer 
steel  by  the  Staffijo  Engineering  Company.  It 
is  ten  feet  long  and  the  caliber  is  60  millime- 
ters. The  breech-loading  mechaniem  allows  of 
firing  from  20  to  30  shots  per  minute.  It  will 
thus  be  possible  to  fire  letters  according  to  the 
Morse  alphabet,  one  shot  being  a  dot,  and  two 
shots  close  together  a  dash.  OF  this  system  of 
signaling  more  may  be  heard  by  and  by.  The 
breecb-loading  mechanism  oan  be  taken  out  and 
to  pieces  in  less  than  a  minute,  and  without 
the  use  of  any  tools,  and  also  put  together 
without  any.  The  cartridges  can  be  used  from 
100  to  300  times.  The  gun  rests  on  a  gun  car- 
riage of  wood,  and  is  placed  in  a  small  wooden 
shed,  the  barrel  projecting  through  a  hole  in 
tbe  wall.  The  shed  or  house  is  very  conven- 
iently arranged  for  the  men,  with  accommoda- 
tion for  refilling  the  cartridges,  etc.  The  gun, 
with  130  brass  cartridges,  spare  ports  and  am- 
munition for  10,000  shots,  has  only  coat  $1375, 
The  gun  can  probably  stand  some  40,000  shots; 
so  the  cost  for  a  shot,  exclusive  of  power,  will 
be  only  abont  two  cents. 


Discovery  of  Platinum  and  Nickel. — A 
discovery  that  may  be  truly  described  aa  won- 
derful in  its  probable  results,  says  the  Canadian 
correspondent  of  a  contemporary,  has  been 
made  at  Sudbury,  Ontario.  Copper  mines  have 
been  worked  there  for  a  good  while  and  plat- 
inum is  found  in  the  same  mines,  but  the  metal 
nickel  is  also  found  there  in  an  enormous 
quantity,  bo  great  that  it  is  said  one  month's 
output  would  supply  a  year's  demand  from  all 
parts  of  the  world.  But  this  is  not  all;  in 
preparation  of  the  alloys  it  is  found  that  cer- 
tain proportions  of  nickel  and  steel  produce  a 
compound  with  characteristics  that  will  in  all 
probability  revolutionize  the  steel  interest. 
Nickel  is  not  an  expeoaive  metal,  and  this  com- 
pound of  nickel  and  steel  can  be  produced  at  a 
far  less  cost  than  best  Bessemer  steel,  while  it 
is  not  only  suitable  for  every  use  to  which 
that  metal  is  applied,  but  is  very  superior 
to  it. 

The  Importance  of  Minutes, — Boston  peo- 
ple seem  to  have  a  somewhat  exaggerated  value 
of  the  importance  of  minutes  in  traveling. 
They  want  shorter  time  for  the  run  between 
that  city  and  New  York,  and  the  subject  has 
been  brought  before  a  legislative  committee. 
It  was  claimed  by  one  of  the  representatives 
that  the  railways  could  if  they  were  disposed 
shorten  the  present  time  of  six  hours  between 
the  two  cities  by  from  27  to  35  minutes,  which, 
while  it  may  be  true,  would  hardly  seem  to 
justify  legislative  action.  The  power  of  leg- 
lelatures  to  fix  the  rates  which  railway  com- 
panies may  charge  for  their  services  is  estab* 
lished,  but  their  right  to  compel  the  running  of 
trains  at  a  faster  speed  than  the  managers  con- 
sider prudent  or  advisable  may  still  be  open  to 
quest  ion. 

Important  Discoyery. — An  important  dis- 
covery baa  been  made  by  Col.  RiciimoDd  Hib- 
bard  of  Camden,  it  being  a  manganese  miheral 
pigment.  He  has  been  making  practical  tests 
for  several  months.  Inexhaustible  quantities 
of  the  mineral  are  found  in  varioua  parte  of  the 
country.  In  this  locality  it  runs  in  seams  of 
six  feet  in  thickness.  The  cap  and  base  of  the 
seam  of  manganese  block  ia  an  iaopyre,  which, 
mixed  with  the  manganese,  makes  the  finest  of 
fire-proofing. 

The  Fast  Fishes,  according  to  Prof.  G.  B. 
Goode,  are  of  pointed  build  with  close-lying 
fins,  and  are  frequently  predaceous.  Food 
fishes,  on  the  other  hand,  are  often  slow,  and 
easily  caught,  but  are  correspondingly  prolific. 
The  actual  speed  of  fishes  is  not  as  yet  well 
known;  but  as  dolphins  have  been  observed  to 
swim  round  and  round  a  steamer  going  at  full 
speed,  their  speed  is  estimated  at  20  miles  an 
hour  or  more. 


Lack  of  Symmetry  in  the  Eyes. — When 
the  average  man  or  woman  comes  to  be  fitted 
with  the  first  pair  of  glasses,  some  curious  dis- 
coveries are  made.  Seven  out  of  ten  have 
stronger  sight  in  one  eye  than  the  other.  In 
two  oases  out  of  five  one  eye  is  out  of  line. 
Nearly  one-half  the  people  are  color-blind  to 
some  extent,  and  only  one  pair  of  eyes  out  of 
every  15  are  all  right  in  all  respects. 


A  Petrified  Tree  was  found  recently  in  ^ 
coal  mine  at  Oanabruck,  Germany.  The  trunk 
ia  almoet  four  feet  through,  and  the  roots  cover 
a  saiface  about  15  feet  square.  The  tree  baa 
been  set  up  in  a  special  room  in  the  Berlin 
School  of  Mines. 


Mab.  29,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


219 


Good  HejA.lth, 


Mortality  Auonq  Railway  Eui'loyk8  — 
DarioK  the  paat  year,  by  the  report  of  the  New 
York  Rftilroad  CommissioD,  119  employes  were 
killed  aod  712  were  iojured.  The  oooimisBioD 
adviees  that  a  law  be  made  reqairiog  railtDga 
arouad  the  roofs  of  freight  care  over  which 
brakemeo  are  often  obliged  to  walk.  Id  ioy 
weather  many  allp  cCf,  and  frequent  fatal  accl' 
dentfl  thus  oocnr  which  a  little  forethoaght 
would  have  prevented.  Another  rcocmmonda- 
tion  it  that  DO  now  railroad  be  built  without 
the  oooaeot  of  the  commiBsioD.  This  is  to  pre- 
vent the  duplioatiog  of  railroads  that  would 
anDeceeearily  compete  with  each  other.  Bat 
who  shall  decide  when  such  competition  is  un- 
necessary  ?  At  present  this  decision  is  left 
with  the  State  Legislature,  which  must  char- 
ter the  new  road  before  it  can  begin  to  do 
busiooBs,  If  railroads  were  not  run  to  make 
extortionate  proBts,  there  woold  be  less  likeli- 
hood of  competing  lines.  A  law  of  New  York 
authorizes  the  State  to  take  possession  of  rail- 
roads that  earn  more  than  ten  per  cent  on  their 
capital  stock.  To  a^oidthis,  moat  of  the  roade 
are  capitalized  for  much  more  than  their  cost. 
If  they  pay  large  profits  on  this  watered  stock, 
there  is  constant  temptation  to  capital  to  in- 
vest in  new  roade  built  more  cheaply  and  capi- 
talized for  mooh  smaller  amounts.  When  men 
in  other  business  act  thus  foolishly,  tbey  are 
left  to  suffer,  and  the  publio  reaps  the  benedt 
of  their  competition.  The  State  should  retain 
soHicient  control  over  these  corporations  to 
prevent  their  consolidation,  when  their  con- 
tinued competition  wculd  prove  beneficial  to 
pablio  interest. 

ExERci.sE  FOR  Chkst  Drvelopment.— Eicer- 
ciees  ot  screuKih,  writes  Or.  Feroand  Ligrange 
in  the  Popular  Scitnce  Monthly  for  February, 
lead  rapidly  to  an  increase  to  the  size  of  the 
thorax.  It  is  the  same  with  exercises  of  speed 
when  they  need  very  energetic  movements. 
No  exercise  develops  the  chest  aa  rapidly  as 
does  running,  unless  it  be  wrestling.  Mount- 
aineers all  have  large  chests,  and  the  Indiana 
who  live  on  the  high  plateaus  of  the  Cordillera 
in  the  Andes  have  been  noted  for  the  extraor- 
dinary size  of  their  chests.  This  great  devel- 
opment in  mountaineers  is  due  to  two  causes 
which  act  in  the  same  direction — frequent  as- 
cent of  steep  inclines  and  constant  residence  at 
great  bights  at  which  the  air  is  rarefied.  The 
oHrobing  of  these  slopes  needs  a  great  quantity 
of  work,  which  oanaes  increase  of  the  respira- 
tory speed;  reepiration  in  a  rarefied  atmosphere 
obliges  a  man  to  take  deeper  breaths  in  order 
to  supplement,  by  the  quantity  of  air  breathed, 
the  insufficiency  of  ics  vivifying  properties. 
Singers,  with  no  other  exercise  but  singing,  ac- 
quire great  respiratory  power  and  a  remark- 
able Increase  in  the  dimensions  of  their  cheats. 
Numeroae  obseivations  prove  that  it  is  enough 
voluntarily  to  take  a  certain  number  of  deep 
breaths  every  day  to  produce,  in  a  short  time, 
an  increase  in  the  circumference  of  the  cheat 
wbioh  may  amount  to  two  or  three  centimeters. 


There  Is  No  Harmless  Hypnotic  — Dr. 
Hutchinson  aays:  "  I  have  teoently  met  with 
several  cases  of  inaomnia  due  to  overtaxation  of 
the  American  nervous  system,  and  have  been 
requested  to  preacribe  Bome  drug  that  would 
be  effective  to  procure  sleep  and  be  at  the 
same  time  harmless.  No  such  drug  exists. 
There  is  no  medicine  capable  of  quieting  to 
sleep  voluntary  life  that  has  been  working  ten 
hours  at  high  preeanre,  except  it  be  more  or 
less  poiaoDoua.  Consumption  of  chloral, 
bromide  in  some  form,  or  opium,  has  increased 
in  this  country  to  an  incredible  extent,  ia  still 
growing,  and  a  large  number  of  Americans  go 
to  bed  every  night  more  or  less  under  the  infia- 
ence  of  poison.  Sleep  thus  obtained  ia  not 
reE^ful  or  restorative,  and  nature  sternly  exacts 
her  penalties  for  violated  law  more  severely  in 
these  cases  than  in  most  others.  Digestion 
snffara  first;  one  ia  rarely  hungry  for  breakfast, 
and  loas  of  morning  appetite  is  a  cercain  sign  of 
ill-health.  Increasing  nervouanesa  follows  un- 
til days  become  burdens,  and  poisoned  nights 
the  only  comfortable  parts  of  life." — Amtrican 
Magazine. 

Chills  and  Fever — '*  CJocle  D^n  Perkins" 
haB  given  ine  Monache  Tidings  the  following 
reoipe,  which  he  avers  has  cured  hundreds  of 
cases  of  chills  and  fever  in  Tulare  county  and 
elsewhere,  without  failing  in  a  single  instance. 
Here  is  the  presoription :  Put  the  yolk  of  one 
fresh-laid  egg  into  four  to  five  (according  to 
age  of  patient)  Bpoonfuls  of  cider  or  wine  vine- 
gar; beat  well  together  and  take  a  dose  like 
this  three  times  a  day  for  three  consecutive 
days,  half  an  hour  before  each  mealtime,  and 
do  not  stop  short  of  the  nine  doaea^  even  if  the 
ohills  have  ceased. 


Inflhence  of  Light  on  the  Homan  SyS' 
TEM. — Italian  physiologista  have  ahown  that 
change  of  tisaue  in  animal  organism  is  promot 
ed  by  light.  It  is  further  found  that  the 
change  is  so  slow  in  darknesB  that  the  ordioary 
-reserve  of  nutriment  stored  in  the  body  is  suffi- 
cient to  preserve  from  starvation  for  a  very 
long  time. 

Cholera  in  Asia, — A  correspondent  of  the 
Bulletin  Medical,  writing  from  Teheran,  aays 
that  cholera  in  a  viru1e>nt  form  exists  through 
out  the  valley  of  the  Euphiates,  and  it  ia  feared 
that  it  will  become  epidemio  in  Persia. 


Useful  Inforj\^atio>. 


CoNTiNKNTAi.  Dkskrts. — The  moat  recent 
exploratloDB  appear  to  show  that  the  popular 
idea  that  the  great  African  continental  desert 
of  Sahara  and  our  own  great  American  desert 
are  not  as  desolate  as  they  have  been  repre- 
aented  to  be.  According  to  the  American 
Field,  cargoes  of  bones  are  being  collected  on 
the  desert  of  Sahara  and  shipped  to  New  York, 
just  as  buffalo  bones  have  been  gathered  on  our 
Western  prairies  for  many  years.  They  are 
ground  up  and  used  as  fertilizers.  The  inter- 
esting query  at  once  presents  itaelf  as  to  what 
particular  time,  more  or  less  remote,  those 
localities  on  the  great  African  desert  where 
these  bones  were  found  were  covi^red  with 
verdure  sufficiently  luxurious  to  produce  the 
food  which  gave  sustenance  to  the  animals 
whose  bones  are  now  being  gathered.  In 
Africa  the  caravans  have  followed  the  same  old 
trail  for  centuries,  and  until  the  military  cam 
paigns  of  the  last  few  years  diaolCBed  fertile 
spots  and  oases  which  were  previously  un- 
known, the  whole  vast  region  was  suppoaed  to 
be  an  arid  waste  of  shifting  land.  Explora- 
tions may  yet  discover  that  as  large  a  portion 
of  the  African  desert  is  arable  aa  of  the  ci- 
devant  Amerioan  desert.  Assuredly  it  must  at 
one  time  have  been  well  clothed  with  verdure 
to  have  harbored  the  immense  number  of 
animals  represented  by  these  nameroaa  collec- 
tions of  bones. 


Ornamental  Hose. — It  was  a  coil  of  rubber 
hose  to  hang  in  the  hall  of  an  infirmary,  to  be 
used  in  oaee  of  fire.  One  day  they  took  it 
down  in  order  to  sprinkle  the  lawn,  but  as  soon 
as  the  water  was  turned  on  it  burst  in  half  a 
dozen  places.  The  infirmary  directors  were 
rsging.  Tbey  took  the  hose  back  to  the  rubber 
store  and  demanded  an  explanation.  The  pro- 
prietor of  the  store  said  that  he  had  sold  it  in 
good  faith,  supposing  it  to  be  a  good  article. 
In  order  to  aatiafy  himself,  he  wrote  to  the 
manufaotnrer,  who  replied  that  the  hose  was 
simply  an  ornamental  article,  made  to  hang  up 
in  faototjes  **to  satisfy  insurance  reqaire- 
mente."  So  there  ia  a  hose  made  that  is  to 
be  looked  at,  not  used  1  Here  is  a  big  factory, 
and  its  owner,  supposing  that  in  case  of  fire  he 
can  turn  on  twenty  lines  of  hose  at  once,  is  put- 
ting bis  trust  in  a  rotten,  good-for-nothing 
pipe.  Batter  inspect  all  these  emergency  hoae 
lines  at  ones. — Cincinnati  Times  Sfar. 


Soot  Outside  of  Chiimneys.— Soot  is  very 
often  seen  to  gather  on  the  outside  of  chlmneyp, 
A  correspondent  of  the  Boston  Journal  of  Com- 
inerce  says  he  has  a  chimney  150  feet  high  cov- 
ered with  aoot  from  bottom  to  top,  and  aaka 
the  cause.  That  journal  answers  as  follows: 
"One  of  the  products  of  combustion  is  water 
formed  by  the  union  of  hydrogen  and  oxygen 
In  the  fuel  when  present  in  the  proper  propor- 
tion. This  water  escapes  in  the  form  of  vapor 
and  some  of  it  is  condensed  on  the  inside  of  the 
chimney.  The  brick  being  porous  absorbs  the 
water,  which  works  its  way  through  to  the  out- 
side, carrying  aoot  with  it  by  capillary  attrac- 
tion, and,  in  time,  enough  appears  to  be  ob- 
servable on  the  outside.  Where  wood  is  used 
for  fuel  this  should  show  more  plainly,  owing 
to  the  coneiderable  amount  of  water  appearing 
about  the  furnace  and  connections  when  wood 
is  burned," 

"Smokeless  Powder"  was  the  Bubjaot  of  a 
recent  lecture  by  Sir  Frederick  Abel  at  the 
British  Royal  Institution,  After  dealing  with 
the  history  of  the  manufacture  of  gunpowder 
and  the  difficulties  attending  the  production  of 
the  higher  explosives — gun-cotton,  dynamite, 
melinite  and  blasting  gelatine — Sir  Frederick 
observed  that  the  smokeless  powder  of  Europe 
which  was  now  being  manufactured  waa  a  gela- 
tinous substanoe  shaped  into  threads  and  etripa 
under  pressure.  It  was  made  by  dissolving 
gun-cotton  or  some  similar  material  with  cam- 
phor or  other  solvent,  and  forcing  the  com- 
pound, when  properly  prepared,  through  per- 
forated dies.  The  lecture,  illustrated  with  ex- 
periments, was  heard  with  deep  attention  by  a 
large  and  fashionable  audience. 


New  Roses  Introduced  the  Past  Year  — 
Of  the  108  new  roaes  produced  during  the  year 
juat  passed,  73  are  credited  by  a  Vienna  joninal 
to  France  and  but  five  to  the  United  States. 
Of  this  latter  number  San  Fraociaco  is  down 
for  one,  to  which  very  high  praise  is  given — the 
"Rainbow,"  which  has  attracted  much  atten- 
tion at  the  meetings  of  our  Floral  Society.  It 
was  produced  by  Mr,  J.  H.  Sievers  of  San 
Ffanoieco  and  is  a  sport  from  Papa  Gontier, 
Two  new  varieties — the  Roaalie  and  the 
Marshall  P.  Wilder — are  credited  to  Messrs. 
Ellwanger  &  Bjirry;  the  Diosmore  to  Peter 
Henderson,  and  the  White  Pearl  simply  to 
America. 

Stopping  Fire  on  Water, — An  arrangement 
to  prevent  the  spreading  of  oil  burning  on  the 
surface  of  the  water  in  harbors  is  described  in  a 
French  paper,  and  is  in  use  in  atveral  French 
harbora.  It  consists  of  a  floating  dam  built  up 
of  galvanized  sheet-iron  boxes  with  fiexible  con- 
nections. By  means  of  this  a  section  of  a  har- 
bor may  be  cut  off  from  the  rest,  and  burning 
material  confined  where  it  will  do  least  damage, 

Ammonine  ia  the  name  of  a  new  prepared 
chemical,  intended  as  a  substitute  for  caustic 
soda  in  the  purifying  of  rags,  old  papers,  etc. 
It  ia  of  German  origin.    The  makers  of  this 


new  ohemical  compound  claim  for  it  advantages 
as  a  "cleaner,"  entirely  saving  the  uae  of 
caustic  in  preparing  certain  "  white "  btook, 
besides  in  no  way  injuring  the  strength  of  the 
fiber. 

pRFSBRViNa  Oranges  — It  ia  eaid  that  or- 
anges are  now  preaeived  in  sUos  made  in  the 
sand,  b?lng  first  wrapped  In  tissue  paper. 


E-LECTPjeiTY. 


The  Storaok  Battiiry  for  Electric  Lights. 
The  uee  ol  the  storage  batcery  lor  ligbilog  pur- 
poses is  attracting  icoreased  attention,  espe> 
oially  among  the  manufacturing  corporations 
to  whom  the  (ffijlent  lighting  of  mill  plants  in 
winter-time  Is  of  the  first  importance.  The 
storage  battery  as  a  practicil  means  of  supply- 
ing  both  electric  light  and  power  is  now  fully 
recognized  and  tboriu^hly  appreciated  by  thoie 
who  have  given  it  a  practical  application.  Evi- 
dence has  demonstrated  that  electric  lighting 
can  be  done  with  as  much  ease,  aafety  and 
economy  from  a  storage  battery  as  gas  lighting 
can  be  done  by  a  gaa  company.  This  has  been 
done  without  antagonizing  either  the  interests 
of  the  gas  or  electric-light  companies.  The  in- 
troduction of  the  electric  light  has  increased 
the  consumption  of  gas,  haviog  brought  its 
price  low  enough  to  be  used  aa  a  fuel.  On  the 
dynamos  of  the  electric-light  companies  the 
storage  batteries  must  depend  in  a  great  meas- 
ure for  their  source  of  supply,  and  this  fact 
must  neoeasarily  benefit  the  electric  companies. 
The  Sorley  Storage  Biltery  Co,  of  Lowell, 
Mass.,  claims  that  the  problem  of  the  econom- 
ical commercial  use  of  atorage  batteries  has 
been  aolved  and  that  batteries  will  aoon  be 
made  that  will  be  capable  of  supplying  a  mill 
with  2000  incandescent  lights,  S.varal  milla 
have  water  privileges  which  can  be  used  -15 
hours  a  day  but  now  are  ased  but  10  hours,  and 
it  is  suggested  that  the  power  whloh  is  now 
unused  could  be  advantageously  uaed  to  light 
the  mills  during  the  night.  Several  owners  of 
large  blocks  in  Lowell  are  also  conaiclering  the 
feasibility  of  u^ing  their  elevator  engines  dur- 
ing the  day  to  run  a  dynamo  and  indirectly 
charge  atorage  batteries  to  light  their  mille, 
The  electric  current  uaed  from  the  batteriea 
will  be  measured  by  meters. 


gAFfiTY  OF  Electric  Light. — The  experi- 
ments made  by  the  Paris  Society  of  Electriciaoa 
as  to  the  danger  o^  fire  from  electric  lighting, 
appear  to  have  been  very  thorough.  An  ex- 
periment waa  made  with  a  bare  wire,  placed  on 
a  small  board,  and  in  part  with  a  second  board 

a  wire  which  should  normally  contact  a  cur- 
rent of  about  four  amperes — and  the  current 
was  carried  up  to  40  amperes  without  the  wood 
commencing  to  carbonize.  For  a  current  much 
more  intense  the  wood  took  fire  at  the  part 
where  the  wire  is  uncovered  before  burning  the 
other  part,  where  tbe  want  of  air  maderinflim- 
mation  slower.  It  is  known  that  these  acci- 
dents are  avoided  in  a  very  efficacious  manner 
in  practice  by  the  use  of  fusible  plugs.  In  or- 
der to  determine  to  what  extent  the  lamps 
themselves  were  capable  of  setting  fire  to 
strips  and  combustible  bodies  placed  in  their 
vicinity,  the  globe  of  an  ordinary  arc  lamp  of 
the  Oanse  system  was  enveloped  in  several 
thicknesses  of  green  tarletan;  a  32oandIe  in- 
candescent lamp  was  enveloped  in  the  same 
way,  the  folds  of  the  material  being  joined 
under  the  lamp  by  an  india-rubber  band;  a 
lamp  of  33  candles  was  covered  with  a  cotton 
cap  of  double  tbicknesa;  another  was  covered 
with  a  calotte  of  black  silk,  which  was  in  its 
turn  covered  with  another  of  black  velvet;  two 
lamps  were  ocvered  with  two  layers  of  gummed 
wadding,  white  in  one  case  and  blaok  in  the 
other;  a  lamp  of  32  candles  was  placed  in  ver- 
tical fold  formed  by  an  old  theatrical  decora- 
tion; and,  lastly,  a  lamp  of  300  candles  was  ap- 
plied against  an  old  decoration.  It  waa  found 
that  neither  carbonization  nor  exaggerated 
heating  took  place  in  20  minutes  in  the  first, 
second,  fifth  or  seventh  experiment. 

What  Electricity  Will  Do  in  the  Near 
Future  — Prof.  R  H.  Thurston,  in  a  recent 
article,  gives  a  graphic  description  of  what 
electricity  will  do  in  the  near  future.  He  says 
it  will  break  up  the  present  factory  system  and 
enable  the  home  worker  once  more  to  compete 
on  living  terma  with  great  aggregations  of 
capital  in  unaorupulous  hands.  Great  eteam 
engines  will  undoubtedly  become  generally  tbe 
aouroes  of  power  in  large  cities  and  wilt  send 
out  the  electric  wire  in  every  corner  of  the 
town,  helping  the  sewing  woman  at  her  ma- 
chine, the  weaver  at  his  pattern  loom,  the  me- 
chanic at  his  engine  lathe,  giving  every  house 
the  mechanical  aids  needed  in  the  kitchen,  the 
laundry,  the  elevator,  and  at  the  same  time 
giving  light,  and  possibly  heat,  in  liberal  quan- 
tity and  intensity. 

Another  Electric  Danger  Preventive.^ 
Inventors  are  rapidly  coming  to  the  front  with 
devices  to  avoid  danger  from  electric  currents. 
We  clip  the  following  from  an  Eaatern  ex- 
change: Anything  which  tenda  to  decreaae  the 
danger  at  present  attending  electric  wires  ia  of 
interest  in  all  cities  and  villages  where  elec- 
tric light  or  other  high  tension  currents  are 
used,  and  experts  are  hard,  at  work  to  invent 
something  practical  to  overcome  this  danger. 
One  of  these  inventions  now  being  tested  in 
New  York  appears  to  fill  the  bill  pretty  well. 
It  is  a  email  oontrivanoe  and  reaembles  an 
ordinary  telegraph  instrument.    It  coDsists  of 


a  coil  of  wire,  through  which  is  run  a  metal 
rod,  on  the  upper  end  of  wbioh  la  a  rubber  but- 
ton. The  lower  end  of  the  rod  oomes  in 
contact  with  the  braes  bar  swinging  in  tbe  cen- 
ter like  a  see-saw.  At  the  opposite  end  of  the 
little  bar  is  a  lever  like  a  switch,  which  con- 
nects with  the  dynamo  and  cuts  off  and  turns 
on  the  current.  The  little  swinging  bar  rests 
with  a  catch  on  top  of  this  lever.  The  instant 
the  charged  wire  ia  severed  at  any  paint  along 
the  circuit,  the  safety  device  is  so  constructed 
that  the  swinging  bar  drops  from  the  metal  rod 
in  the  ooil,  thus  releasing  the  switch  lever  at 
its  other  extremity,  and  the  lever  thus  released 
automatically  cuts  off  the  current  from  the 
dynamo.  Ernest  P.  Ciark,  the  inventor  of  this 
appliance,  cut  a  wire  running  overhead  which 
supplied  a  circuit  of  30  lights  in  his  laboratory. 
The  little  automatic  safety  device  clicked,  the 
lights  were  immediately  extinguished  and  the 
electrician  picked  up  the  severed  ends  of  the 
wire  and  handled  them  with  impunity. 


The  BuiLDEF^. 


Flooring. 

In  order  to  have  a  first-claas  honee,  it  is' nec- 
essary that  the  floors  should  receive  a  great 
deal  more  attention  than  is  usually  given  to 
that  part  of  the  work,  eapecially  when  the  floor 
is  to  be  laid  in  a  store,  office,  hall,  or  other 
similar  uncovered  condition. 

In  the  first  place,  the  material  should  be  of 
the  best.  Select  those  boards  haying  a  straight, 
or  "  comb"  grain,  as  it  will  wear  longer  and 
better  than  those  which  are  *' quartered" 
grain,  and  which  in  time  "splinter"  and  break 
out  in  layers,  causing  great  holes  in  the  floor, 
and  not  iofrfquently  holea  in  the  shoes  and  feet 
of  those  walking  on  them.  As  all  woods  shrink 
more  or  less,  it  ia  best  to  have  the  flooring  nar- 
row, as  the  shrinkage  is  more  evenly  distrib- 
uted than  where  wide  staff  is  used;  besidea,  it 
looks  better.  Of  the  hard  woods,  oak,  aab, 
maple  and  walnut  are  uaed  a  great  deal;  but  it 
is  safe  to  say  that  SO  per  cent  of  the  floors  laid 
are  yellow  pine,  which,  if  properly  done,  will 
give  better  satisfaction  than  if  some  of  the 
higher-priced  woods  are  uaed. 

Bafore '*  laying"  the  fljor,  it  ia  necessary  bo 
have  the  floor  beams  even  on  the  top  edge,  and 
as  it  ia  almost  impossible  to  find  a  lot  of  beams 
of  the  same  width,  they  should  be  taken  to  a 
"size"  on  the  ends  and  over  girders,  after 
which  they  should  be  "  bridged"  at  least  two. 
rows  for  every  25  feet  of  width,  the  beams  be" 
ing  placed  from  12  to  16  inches  to  centers. 

Having  got  everything  in  readineas.for  lay- 
ing, see  that  the  first  "streak'*  is  straightened 
thoroughly  its  entire  length,  then  commence 
and  lay  each  board,  milling  it  through  the 
tongue  d  edge  to  each  beam,  not  skipping  three 
or  four  beama,  as  many  do,  or,  as  ia  often  done, 
laying  several  streaks  at  once  and  packing 
them  up,  nailing  the  outside  one  only.  More- 
over, see  that  the  *'  butts"  are  cut  square  and 
not  *'  under,"  aa  is  the  common  practice, 
which,  when  it  is  worn  down,  cauaea  the  butts 
to  gap. 

I  Bruising  the  edges  or  tongues  should  be 
avoided,  which  Is  beat  accomplished  by  using  a 
piece  of  the  same  flooring  to  ram  against,  or, 
what  is  better,  using  one  of  the  many  good  pat- 
ent flooring  jacks. 

This  method,  if  faithfully  carried  out,  will 
insure  aa  perfect  a  floor  as  it  is  poesible  to 
make,  leaving  a  surface  smooth  and  free  from 
craoks  and  nail-holea. 

For  floors  wbioh  are  to  be  carpeted,  or  other- 
wise covered,  narrow  white  pine  will  give  the 
best  results,  which  can  be  laid  several  streaks 
at  a  time  and  nailed  through.  Moreover,  it 
will  be  easier  to  taok  the  coveringa  to,  and  re- 
move the  same  at  the  usual  house-cleaning  pe- 
riod, than  if  a  hardwood  floor  is  used. 


English  Dwellings.  —  The  cbaracteristio 
Englisn  dwelling  is  described  aa  a  two-story 
brick  bouse,  walled  in,  and  with  the  beat  part 
of  the  house  at  the  back ;  there  are  'the 
drawing  and  dining  rooms,  while  the  kitchen 
and  pantries  are  in  front.  In  Guburban  and 
country  houses  the  rooms  are  large,  and  are  ar- 
ranged around  a  hall ;  but  the  windows  and  doors 
are  email.  The  outside  ia  almost  uniformly  with- 
out architectural  decorationa,  and  the  dullness  of 
the  climate  is  seen  in  the  somberness  of  the 
furniture  and  the  adornmenta  of  the  house. 
The  interior  ia  dull  and  uncheery.  There  is 
little  "  Bweetneas  and  light  "  in  the  colors,  forme 
and  expressiona,  except  in  the  dwellings  of 
more  recent  building  and  furnishing.  Up  to 
within  a  few  years,  the  inside  finish  was  all  of 
dark  wood,  and  the  furniture  was  mahogany, 
of  very  heavy  and  ungainly  construction.  But 
if  you  can  dissociate  the  idea  of  comfort  from 
that  of  art,  the  EogUsh  home  has  a  very  marked 
spirit  of  comfort.  The  sofa  is  easy  and  big, 
and  the  chairs  were  made  to  use.  The  walls 
are  papered  —  never  painted  —  the  papers 
being  dark  and  of  large  pattern.  The 
diuingroom  ia  the  living-room  of  the  middle- 
class  families.  Such  of  tbe  family  as  re- 
main at  home,  ait  there  in  the  forenoon 
and  until  after  the  noon  meal.  Were  the 
color  of  tbe  Eoglish  houae  leas  aomber 
and  the  furniture  leea  cumbroua ;  were 
the  rooms  more  open  and  leea  separated  from 
each  other,  it  would  be  the  center  of  the  most 
perfect  external  comfort  known  to  the  domeatio 
life  of  this  world.  As  it  is,  the  Eogiiah  house 
is  the  home  of  sweet  love,  of  thoughtful  civility, 
and  of  unforgetting  and  undying  loyalty. 


226 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Mar.  29,  1890 


A.  7,  DEWISY. 


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SAN    FRANCISCO: 

Saturday,   March    29,    1890. 


TABLE  OP  CONTENTS. 


ILLUSTRATIONS.— View  in  a  Quarry  of  Triissio 
Sandstone;  Grand  Canyon  of  the  Colorado,  213. 
View  of  the  Valley  of  the  River  San  Juan,  221. 

EDITORIALS.— Quarryinff  Sandstone,  213-  Passing 
Events;  Maeneticlron  bands;  Qiartz  Bowlders;  The 
Colorado  Canyon;  The  Foundry  Strike,  220.  The 
Nicaragua  Canal,  221. 

OORRhiSPONDhiNCE.— The  Stewart  Mining  Bill; 
The  Cdmstock  Lode,  214. 

MISOBLLANBOOa.— Trus^s  and  Futurps;  Car  and 
Battery  Assays;  Coaet  Industrial  Notes;  Con  Califor- 
nia and  Virginia;  Gold  Quartz  Mining;  The  Old  For- 
tune-Maker; Deep  Crosscuts  at  Butte,  2  1 5. 

MECHANICAL  PROGRESS.  —  Notes  on  the 
WorkiTig  of  Steel;  Steel  Ties  Successfully  Tested;  To 
Build  Steel  Cars;  Manufacture  of  Red  Glass;  Steel 
TrussoB  for  Masts;  Somethine  New  in  Steam-Eugine 
Founiiftt.ions;  Cemeotiog  as/a  Substitute  for  |\Veld- 
ing,  218. 

SOllCWJLlFIO  PROGRESS.— The  Tongue  of  a 
Snail;  Standaid  of  Length;  An  Oxygen  Explosion; 
Solvent  Power  of  a  Liquid;  Guns  for  Fog  Signal  ng; 
Discovery  o(  Platinum  and  Nickd;  The  Importance  of 
Minutes;  In  portant  Discovery;  Lack  of  Symmetry  in 
the  Eyes;  Miscellaneous,  2  18. 

GOOD  HEALTH.— Mortality  Among  Railway  Em- 
ployes; Exercise  for  Cbett  Dsvelopmtnt;  Thpre  is  No 
Harmless  H;(pnotic;  Chills  and  F«ver;  Influence  of 
Ligh":  on  the  Human  System;  Cholera  in  Asia,  219. 

nSllJPDL  INFORMATION.— Continental  Deserts; 
Oroamental  Hose;  Soot  Outside  of  Chimneys;  Smoke- 
less Powder;  New  Roses  Introduced  the  Past  Year; 
Ammonine;  Preserving  Oranges,  219. 

BLBCTRICITy.— The  Storage    Baitery   for  Electric 

Lights;  Safety  of  Electric  Light;  What  Electricity  Will 

Do  in  the  Near  Future;  Another  Electric  Danger  Pre- 

venti\e,  219 

.   THE  BUILDBR.—FIooring;  English  Dwellings,  219. 

MINING  aCMMAKY— tirom  one  various  count.es 
of  California,  Nevada,  Arizona,  Colorado,  Idaho,  Mon- 
tana, NewMexico,  Oregon,  Utah,  Wyoming,  215-216. 

MINING  STOCK  MARKET.— Sales  at  the  San 
Francisco  Stock  Board,  Notices  of  Meetings,  Asaess- 
me"to.  Dividenda.  and  Bullion  Shipmenta.  224. 

MARKET  REPORTS.— Local  Markets,  Eastern 
Metal  Markets,  224. 


Passing  Events. 

In  another  Golumn  will  be  foand  a  Btatement 
of  the  foundrymen's  side  of  the  leBaes  iDvolved 
in  the  prevailing  strike  in  the  iron  busineaa  in 
this  city.  A  great  deal  of  money  is  being  lost 
by  both  parties  to  the  contest,  bat  at  present 
there  are  no  signs  of  any  settlement  being  made 
for  some  time  to  come. 

Advices  from  Waahingtoo  indicate  that  there 
is  probability  of  an  appropriation  In  the  River 
and  Harbor  bill  of  §?500,000  for  the  Sacramento 
and  Feather  rivers,  and  $250,000  for  the  San 
Joaquin  river.  It  looks,  however,  as  [f  there 
would  be  no  special  Commission  to  take  charge 
of  the  improvement  of  these  streams,  since  the 
Chief  of  Engineers  wishes  his  own  asaiatants  to 
do  the  work. 

The  commencement  of  work  in  hydranlio 
mining  on  the  Masac  concession,  Lower  Cali- 
fornia, by  Cbineae,  marks  an  epoch  in  Mexican 
mining  matters.  This  is  the  first  time  that 
placer  mining  on  a  large  scale  haa  been  at- 
tempted there,  and  the  first  time  a  big  com- 
pany of  Obinese  miners  baa  commenced  opera- 
tiona. 

The  rains  of  this  week  have  still  further  pnt 
bff  the  time  for  active  work  in  qaartz  develop- 
ment in  California.  There  ia  so  much  water  in 
the  gronnd  that  the  miners  have  as  much  as 
they  want  to  do  in  pumping  out  their  mines. 
Just  at  preseot  very  little  else  is  being  done  in 
moat  of  the  quartz*mining  aectiona.  The 
mountain  roads  are  still  in  very  bad  condition, 
preventing  the  hauling  of  ore  or  supplies. 


Magnetic  Iron  Sands. 

Editoss  Press:— Inclosed  you  will  find  a  sample 
of  magnetic  iron  sand.  Is  there  any  place  where  it 
is  being  utilized?  Has  it  any  value  for  being 
worked  into  iron  and  steel?  Any  information  con- 
cerning it  will  be  gratefully  appreciated, 

Sania  Cruz,  March  22.  Jesse  Cope. 

The  sample  referred  to  ia  the  ordinary  black 
sand  or  magnetite  found  on  the  aea  beaches  of 
thia  coast  and  in  the  ancient-river  beds.  Sand 
of  the  same  charaoter  haa  been  nsed  for  making 
iron  in  New  Zealand  and  in  the  South  of 
France,  bnt  not  with  any  marked  success.  A 
few  years  ago  a  large  sum  of  money  was  spent 
fruitlesaly  at  Old  Sancellto,  on  the  bay  shore, 
by  parties  who  were  trying  to  make  iron  from 
the  Gold  Bluflf  sands.  Oil  was  used  for  fuel 
and  quite  an  extensive  plant  was  built.  The 
enterprise  was  not  a  success.  The  iron  made 
from  these  aanda  ia  of  a  superior  charaoter,  but 
it  aeema  impossible  here  to  make  the  iron  to 
compete  with  that  made  from  ore. 

The  fine,  aea  sand  on  the  shores  of  Long  Isl- 
and Sound  contains  goodly  quantities  of  this 
magnetite.  A  magnetic  separator  called  the 
Baohanan  (Illustrated  in  the  Pkess  Feb,  8, 
IS90,}  is  used  for  separating  these  magnetites 
from  the  sea  sands.  A  large  plant  on  the  same 
principle  has  been  sent  to  Kew  Zaaland.  Other 
forms  of  magnetic  separators  are  utilized  for 
separating  the  magnetites  from  crushed  orea. 
At  the  Croton  magnetite  mines  near  Brewatera, 
N.  Y.,  a  magnetic  separator  ia  nsed.  The  not- 
ed inventor,  Thos.  A.  Edison,  has  devised  a 
machine  of  this  kind  whloh  can  treat  300  tons 
a  day.  The  only  attempt,  on  any  large  scale, 
made  on  this  coast  to  utilize  these  black  sands 
for  their  iron  was  at  Saucellto.  There  haa  al- 
ways been  more  or  leaa  talk  about  the  poaaibili- 
tles  of  the  Industry,  but  the  failure  in  the 
instance  alluded  to  haa  deterred  others  from 
making  any  attempt  to  utilize  the  sands.  John 
Birkinbine,  152  Sonth  Fourth  street,  Philadel> 
phia,  and  Thomas  A.  Ediaon,  Menlo  Park, 
N.  J,,  are  familiar  with  the  meana  adopted  in 
the  East  to  utilize  these  sands.  The  article  in 
the  Press  of  Feb.  Sbh  last  shows  the  various 
forms  of  magnetic  separators. 


Quartz  Bowlders. 

A  cnriona  strike  of  quartz  bowlders  has  been 
made  ten  milea  west  of  Castle  Crag  aiding, 
Shaata  county,  on  the  Oalifornia  &  Oregon 
railroad,  ^  It  conaists  of  quartz  bowlders  in 
size  from  250  pounds  up  to  large  ones  weighing 
tons.  The  bowlders  cover  an  area  of  20  to  30 
acres  altogether.  When  broken  they  show 
more  or  leaa  gold.  Cftstle  Crag  siding  ia  be- 
tween Sims  and  Lower  Soda. 

The  find  was  made  last  fall,  jaat  as  the  se- 
vere winter  set  in,  so  that  little  has  been  done 
upon  it  to  determine  the  extent  of  the  bowl- 
ders. The  region  is  monntainous,  and  it  ia 
supposed  that  these  large  pieces  of  quartz  are 
from  a  ledge  near  by,  which,  however,  haa  not 
yet  been  found.  We  are  told  by  one  who  haa 
aeen  pieces  of  the  quartz  that  some  of  it  is  quite 
rich  in  gold.  There  ia  a  great  deal  of  snow  in 
the  vicinity  still,  ao  that  very  little  work  can 
be  done,  but  the  men  who  have  made  looations 
will  begin  a  vigoroaa  aearcb  for  the  ledge  as 
BOon  as  the  weather  permita.  Many  of  the 
bowlders  are  very  large,  indicating  that  they 
oame  from  a  ledge  of  magnificent  proportions. 
The  adjacent  region  will  be  very  thoroughly 
prospected  during  the  next  few  weeks. 

Arizona  Low  Grade  Ores. — James  M.  Daw- 
ley,  formerly  of  Bodie,  ia  now  at  Kingman, 
Mohave  connty,  Arizona,  and  has  started  up 
the  mill  of  the  Atlantic  Mining  Co.,  a  Los 
Angeles  corporation.  He  is  using  a  Dodge 
crusher  and  pulverizer,  and  writes  that  the 
machinery  works  splendidly,  pulverizing  from 
12  to  16  tons  of  hard  quartz  in  12  hours.  The 
pulverizer  is  one  of  small  size.  Everything  in 
and  about  the  mill  runs  to  perfect  satisfaction. 
A  Dodge  jig  and  trommel  will  be  added  soon  to 
concentrate  the  taiUnga  from  the  leach  -  tub. 
The  ore  is  leached  without  roasting,  and  the 
natural  chlorides  leached  out;  then  the  tailings 
from  the  tub  are  concentrated,  admitting  of 
working  to  a  close  percentage.  In  thia  way 
the  leaching  process  gets  what  the  concentrat- 
ors might  lose,  and  the  concentrators  get  what 
the  leaching  might  lose.  This  is  the  second 
Dodge  mill  in  Arizona,  the  other  one  being  at 
the  Grand  Priza  mine  and  working  aucceaafully. 

The  yield  of  the  Comstock  mines  last  week 
was  §133,036.  from  6437  tons  of  ore. 


The  Colorado  Canyon. 

number  n. 

The  observer  who,  unfamiliar  with  plateau 
acenery,  stands  for  ,  the  firat  time  on  the 
brink  of  one  of  these  gorges,  is  perhaps  disap- 
pointed, for  it  does  not  seem  as  grand  as  ex- 
pected. Bat  when  we  make  comparisons,  we 
realize  its  proportions.  Looking  across  an 
abyss  to  the  opposite  orest-line,  we  get  our  first 
notion  of  the  reality.  Every  time  the  eye 
ranges  up  and  down  the  face  of  the  cliff  its 
face  appears  more  distant  and  more  vast, 

From  the  lower  end  of  the  Toroweap  valley, 
the  scenery  becomes  colossal.  Its  magnitude 
ia  by  no  means  its  most  impresaive  feature,  but 
the  precision  of  its  forms.  The  dominant  idea 
before  the  mind  is  the  architecture  displayed 
in  the  profiles.  It  Is  hard  to  realize  that  thia 
ia  the  work  of  the  blind  forces  of  nature.  At 
the  foot  of  the  valley,  the  western  wall  is  near- 
ly 1500  feet  high,  the  eastern  about  2000,  and 
the  interval  separating  them  about  three  miles. 
Suddenly  they  turn  at  right  angles  to  right 
and  left  and  become  the  upper  wall  of  the 
Grand  Canyon  of  the  Colorado.  The  Torow- 
eap valley  now  opens  the  main  passage-way  of 
the  great  chasm. 

Climbing  among  the  rocky  ledges  which  He 
at  the  base  of  the  escarpment,  we  at  length 
obtain  a  standpoint  which  enables  us  to  gain  a 
preliminary  view  of  the  mighty  avenue.  To 
the  eastward,  it  stretches  in  vanishing  per- 
spective 40  miles  or  more.  Between  symmetric 
walls  2000  feet  high  and  five  miles  apart  la  a 
plain,  which,  in  comparison  with  its  limiting 
clififs,  might  be  regarded  as  smooth,  but  which 
in  reality  is  diversified  by  rocky  hummocks  and 
basins,  and  hillocks  where  patches  of  soil  give 
life  to  acattered  cedars.  Of  the  inner  chasm, 
nothing  is  yet  to  be  seen.  Moving  outward  on 
this  platform,  we  find  its  surface  to  be  mostly 
bare  rock,  with  broad,  shallow  basins  etched 
on  it,  which  hold  water  after  the  showers. 
There  are  thoneands  of  these  pool?,  and  they 
gleam  and  glitter  in  the  aun  like  innumerable 
mirrors.  As  we  move  outward  toward  the  cen- 
ter of  the  grand  avenne,  the  immensity  and 
beautiful  proportiona  of  the  walla  develop.  The 
viata  toward  the  east  (lee  engraving)  lengthena 
out  and  vanishes  against  the  blue  range  of  the 
Kaibab,  which  lies  as  a  cloud  upon  the 
horzju. 

At  a  distance  of  two  miles  from  the  base  of 
the  northern  walls,  we  come  suddenly  upOnthe 
inner  chaem.  We  are  not  conscious  of  its 
proximity  until  within  a  few  yards  of  it.  In 
less  than  a  minute  after,  we  recognize  the  crest 
of  the  farther  wall  of  this  abyss,  and  crane  over 
its  terrible  brink  and  gsza  upon  the  water  of 
the  river  full  3000  feet  below.  The  scene  is  a 
type  of  the  Grand  Canyon  throughout  those 
portions  which  extend  through  the  Kanab, 
Uinkaret  and  Shiwita  plateaus. 


Explosives  Ignited  est  Lightning, — Dar- 
ing a  severe  electric  storm  that  swept  over  the 
mining  pueblo  of  Hauchaca,  in  Pern,  recently, 
the  lightning  strnck  a  magazine,  exploding  200 
cases  of  dynamite.  The  entire  works  were 
wrecked.  Five  persona  were  killed  outright, 
and  40  more  or  leas  aerioasly  injured. 


School  of  Mechanical  Arts. — The  Board 
of  Lick  Trustees  have  held  a  meeting  with  ref- 
erence to  that  portion  of  the  Liok  trust  con- 
nected with  the  School  of  Mechanical  Arts, 
and  will  proceed  at  once  to  take  action  with 
reference  to  carrying  out  the  decree  of  the  Su- 
perior Court. 

Water  has  been  turned  Into  the  new  fiume 
of  the  hydraulic  mining  enterprise  of  the  Lower 
Oalifornia  Mining  Co.,  working  under  the  Ma- 
sac concession.  The  fiame,  which  is  five  miles 
long,  carries  600  miners'  inches  of  water.  Chi- 
nese have  a  contract  to  work  the  ground. 


Mill  Burned, — The  ten-stamp  mill  of  the 
Standard  Mining  and  Redaction  Co.,  located 
eight  miles  south  of  Prescott,  Arizona,  was  de- 
stroyed by  fire  last  Tuesday.  The  mill  waa 
erected  about  two  years  ago  at  a  cost  of  $30,000, 
but  of  late  has  been  in  litigation. 

Black  Sulphuret  Ore. — A  strike  of  very 
rich  black  anlphnret  of  silver  haa  been  made  in 
the  Arizona  mine  at  Unionville,  Humboldt 
county.  The  new  strike  was  made  in  a  hill 
opposite  to  one  from  which  aeveral  millions  of 
dollars  were  taken  ont  in  the  early  days. 


The  Foundry  Strike. 

A  Plain  Statement  of  the  Case. 

There  is  very  little  change  in  the  situation  of 
the  moldere'  strike.  The  attempt  to  get  one 
of  the  men  from  the  E  net  out  of  the  Risdon 
Works  on  a  writ  of  habeas  corpus  was  a  fail- 
ure. The  allegation  that  he  was  restrained  of 
his  liberty  was  denied  by  the  man  himself, 
who  had  authorized  no  one  to  make-  such  a 
statement  for  him.  The  molders  have  sent 
back  E=kBt  some  of  the  men  who  oame  ont,  and 
applied  to  Senator  Stanford  for  a  reduction  of 
fare  for  others;  but  he  referred  them  to  the 
railroad  officials  here.  More  men  are  expected 
from  the  East,  and  some  of  the  local  molders 
are  going  to  leave  for  New  York  and  Chicago, 
Steps  have  been  taken  by  the  owners  of  foun- 
dries to  protect  their  men  and  property  in  case 
of  further  trouble,  though  there  have  been  no 
overt  acts.  One  of  the  shops — the  Risdon — 
has  now  more  molders  than  bsfore  the  strike, 
and  is  turning  out  work  for  some  of  the  other 
foundries.  While  the  molders  profess  confi- 
dence in  ultimate  victory  over  their  employers, 
the  foundrymen  are  organized  and  prepared  for 
a  long-continued  contest,  feeling  that  the  for- 
mer oondition  of  affairs  can  no  longer  be  tol- 
erated. 

The  Engineers  and  Iron  Founders*  Associa- 
tion makes  a  atatement  concerning  the  matter 
which  we  print  in  full  as  follows: 

The  Foundry  men's  Statement. 

To  all  genuine  friends  of  labor. — A  true  state' 
ment  of  the  real  cause  of  the  present  Iron-Molders' 
strike: 

A  statement  addressed  to  the  friends  of  organ- 
ized labor  has  been  issued  by  I.  F.  Valentine,  as 
President  of  the  Iron-Molders'  Union.  This  letter 
professes  to  be  a  true  statement  of  the  real  cause  of 
the  iron-molders'  strike.  As  it  is,  however,  incom- 
plete and  misleading  in  many  respects,  the  employ- 
ers in  question  have  considered  it  proper  to  make 
known  to  the  public,  and  also  to  the  iron-workers 
of  this  city,  what  effort  has  been  made  to  avoid  this 
struggle  on  the  part  of  their  association  and  also  on 
the  part  of  the  proprietors  of  the  Occidental 
Foundry,  where  the  Molders'  Union  struck  its  first 
blow. 

At  the  beginning,  we  would  contradict  the  asser- 
tion that  the  association  is  opposed  to  labor  organ- 
izations. On  the  contrary,  the  Molders"  Union  was 
built  up  without  any  opposition  on  our  part,  some 
of  the  employers,  in  fact,  approving  and  encourag- 
ing its  growth  and  subscribing  to  its  funds. 

We  will  not  here  state  the  change  in  the  policy  of 
the  Union  which  has  forced  us  to  take  a  stand  in 
our  own  defense  of  our  rif;hts.  That  change  will  be 
understood  by  a  careful  reading  of  the  preamble  to 
the  resolutions  which  close  this  article. 

Mr.  Valentine  opens  his  letter  with  this  statement, 
that  "  the  signal  for  trouble  was  the  receipt  of  a  let- 
ter from  the  Iron -Founders'  Association  on  the  13th 
of  December,  1889,  salting  aside  the  mutual  agree- 
ment of  August  30.  1887.'' 

Had  Mr,  Valentine  stated  the  action  of  the  Union 
which  called  forth  that  letter  from  the  Employers* 
Association,  the  public  and  many  of  the  iron-mold- 
ers themselves  would  have  been  in  a  better  position 
to  judge  of  the  real  cause  of  the  strike.  We  will 
therefore  supplement  his  statement.  On  Sept,  16, 
1889,  the  Molders'  Union  sent  notice  to  the  foremen 
of  foundries  that  "  They  would  not  be  allowed  to 
work  on  the  floor  unless  they  first  became  members 
of  the  Union." 

Now,  if  a  foreman,  working  on  the  floor,  did  any 
injury  to  the  men,  was  that  injury  removed  if  the 
foreman  joined  the  Union  ana  still  continued  to 
work  ? 

No  !  The  movement  was  simply  an  effort  on  the 
part  of  the  Union  to  get  under  its  control  the  last 
semblance  of  authority  which  had  been  left  to  the 
employers  in  the  management  of  their  affairs.  The 
notice  was  the  "  velvet  paw"  which  drew  the  fore- 
men into  the  Union.  The  "claw"  will  be  found  in 
Section  5,  Article  XVI  of  the  Union  rules,  which 
we  quote: 

"Any  member  who  shall  use  his  position  as  fore- 
man to  the  detriment  of  the  Union,  or  any  member 
thereof,  shall  be  fined  a  sum  not  less  than  $50  nor 
more  than  $200;  and  for  the  second  offense  shall  be 
expelled." 

As  no  Union  men  would  work  in  the  shop  with 
an  expelled  member,  expulsion  would  practically 
mean  banishment  from  the  State.  The  foreman  is 
supposed  to  represent  the  employer  among  the 
men.  Should  he  join  the  Union  and  become  sub- 
ject to  the  above  penalties  on  the  complaint  of 
those  under  him,  it  can  be  readily  understood  that 
the  Union  would  have  secured  absolute  control  of 
the  business. 

The  McCormack  Bros,  refused  to  recognize  this 
order  and  their  shop  was  struck.  As  the  order  was 
considered  by  the  Iron- Founders'  Association  to  be 
a  violation  of  the  standing  agreement  (that  no 
change  should  be  made  in  the  trade  regulations 
without  first  calling  a  conference),  the  right  of  the 
Union  to  issue  such  an  order  was  considered  a 
proper  subject  for  arbitration. 

On  Oct,  18,  1889.  with  the  consent  of  the  McCor- 
mack Bros.,  the  Secretary  of  the  Association  was  in- 
structed to  notify  the  Union  that  we  were  ready  to 
submit  the  question  to  the  decision  of  disinterested 
arbitrators. 

On  the  20th  of  October,  i88g,  a  reply  was  received 
from  the  Molders'  Union,  refusing  to  accept  arbi- 
tration as  a  mode  of  settlement,  on  ihe  grounds  that 
the  order  in  question  "  was  one  of  the  fundamental 
laws  of  the  National  Union." 

This  refusal  was  in  keeping  with  the  statement  of- 
the  committee  of  the  Molders'  Union  that  "  Might 
made  right  and  they  had  the  might." 

We  would  here  state  that  one  of  the  remarkable 
features  in  these  so  called  fundamental  laws  is  that 
they  are  violated  with  impunity  in  every  city  in 
America  except  San  Francisco.    In  all  cities   Union 


Mab.  29    1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


221 


men  work  with  non-U oion  men  in  shops  where  the 
miQimuiii  rales  and  limit  of  apprentices  are  never 
beard  o(.  Bui  when  ihe  S^n  Krantisco  employer 
tries  to  roll  over  in  his  uocoiu  for  table  bed  aod  ap- 
peal to  the  jastice  of  the  commuaiiy  he  is  told  to  lie 
stitl^ihat  it  is  a  fundantrnial  law  that  is  crushing 
birn  and  there  Is  no  redress. 

In  consequence  of  this  refusal  and  there  being  no 
indicaiiOQ  of  the  strike  against  McCorniack  Bros, 
being  declared  oflT,  the  letter  dated  Dec.  13,  1889, 
and  referred  10  in  the  op-ning  of  Mr.  Valentine's 
sta'ement,  was  issued.  This  tetter  declared  our 
withdrawal  from  the  old  agreement  upon  which  such 
a  one-sided  construction  was  being  placed  and 
opened  the  way  for  future  negotiations.  ' 

As  some  of  the  regulations  enforci-d  by  the  Union 
men  were  found  to  be  working  an  injury  both  to  the 
trade  and  Ihe  workmen,  a  letter  was  sent  to  the 
Union  on  /an.  14,  1890,  asking  a  conference,  with 
the  view  of  having  these  regulations  modified.  At 
the  conference  which  followed  (he  condition  of  the 
trade  was  fully  discussed  and  the  following  proposi- 
tion was  made  by  the  association  delegates: 

1.  Thai  the  Union  shall,  at  its  next  convention, 
endeavor  to  secure  for  the  shops  a  larger  percentage 
of  apprentices. 

2.  That  the  minimum  rate  be  fixed  at  $3  per 
day. 

3.  That  apprentices,  after  their  time  had  expired, 
should  work  one  year  under  instruction  before  being 
entitled  to  demand  the  minimum  rate. 

4.  That  all  liraiiation  on  work  be  withdrawn. 
While  the  association  S'mply  asked  for   a    modifi- 
cation of  the   apprentice  rule  which  allows  but   one 


pay  from  $3  75  to  S4-50  jjer  day,  and  reduce  them 
10  the  general  rate,  $3.50,  or  ask  the  restoration  of 
their  $3  men.  The  latter  seemed  ihe  only  jusi  plan, 
and  it  was  therefore  explained  and  proposed. 

In  reference  to  the  limitation  of  work  Mr.  V^alen- 
tine  states  that,  "  with  the  exception  of  one  solitary 
instance,  the  Union  has  never  limited  its  members 
in  the  amount  of  work  they  shall  perform."  We 
will  admit  that,  in  only  one  instance,  has  the  Union 
placed  itself  on  record  in  writing  in  regard  to  this 
limitation.  We  wilt  further  admit  that  it  would  l>e 
ditVicutt  to  regulate  all  work;  but  the  end  is  fully  ac- 
complished by  Article  XIII  of  the  Union  rules, 
which  reads  as  follows: 

•'Any  member  undermining,  or  attempting  to 
undermine,  a  brother  in  bis  job  or  pieces,  shall  be 
fined,  suspended  or  expelled,  at  the  option  of  the 
Union." 

Under  this  rule  there  has  been  a  falling  off  of 
work  performed.  As  no  man  was  allowed  to  do 
more  than  the  man  who  had  preceded  him,  the  lazy 
or  incompetent  man  could  set  the  standard  for  the 
entire  shop.  The  results  of  this  are  shown  in  thai, 
since  the  strike,  when  the  spies  of  ihe  Union  were 
out  of  the  shops,  apprentice  boys  have  turned  out  as 
much  work  as  was  being  done  by  experienced,  high- 
priced  men;  and  men  who  have  not  worked  at  the 
trade  for  years  are  turning  out  from  50  to  70  per 
cent  more  work  per  day  than  has  been  done  of  late 
by  regular  workmen. 

After  submitting  the  proposition  which  we  have 
just  explained,  the  association  delegates  made  the 
following  statement: 


,/{,-/<(■[./   i/.'ij,  the    following    preamble  and  resolu- 
tions were  issued  : 

Preamble. 
Whereas,  The  Molders'  Union  of  San  Fran- 
cisco have,  during  the  past  few  years,  made  and  en- 
forced the  followmg  rules  in  the  foundry  business  in 
this  cily  :  Have  forbidden  theemployment  of  mold- 
ers ool  members  of  their  Union;  have  forbidden  th6 
employment  of  apprentices,  save  in  the  proportion 
of  one  to  every  eight  men;  have  forbidden  the  pay- 
ment of  a  day's  wages  of  any  les^  sum  than  $3.50 
per  day;  have  forbidden  the  placing  of  a  shop  on 
short  liaie,  when  the  shortness  of  the  d.iylight  or 
the  dullness  of  trade  might  make  it  desirable  to  do 
so;  have  forbidden  the  foremen  of  the  various  shops 
the  right  of  working  as  mo'ders  unless  they  first  be- 
came members  of  their  Union;  have  introduced  a 
system  of  limiting  the  amount  of  work  a  man  shall 
perform;  have  questioned  the  right  of  an  employer 
to  discharge  a  molder  who  may  be  an  oilicer  of  their 
Union,  notwithstanding  good  and  sulficient  rea=ons 
can  be  shown  for  such  discharge.  And  whereas, 
after  a  fair  trial  of  these  regulations  at  much  cost  to 
themselves,  employers  find  that  said  regulations  are 
driving  trade  from  this  city  and  throwing  men  out 
of  empliyraent,  thus  doing  serious  injury  to  both 
employers  and  employed;  and  whereas,  employers 
have  called  a  conferenc*'  with  representatives  of  the 
i  Molders'  Union,  and  requested  a  modification  of 
these  innovations;  and  whereas,  the  only  response 
has  been  a  refusal  to  accept  any  modification  of  the 
objectionable  regulations;  and  whereas,  the  Mold- 
ers' Union  continues  to  enforce  each  and  all  o(  the 
aforesaid  rules  under  threats  of  strikes,  boycotts  and 


ind  no  man  approaches  them  who  niay  be  suspected 
of  bemg  inimical  to  ihe  molders  without  running 
a  gantlet  of  intimidation. 

EXECtJTIVE  COMMITTBE, 

I-ngineers  and  Iroo-Founders'  Association. 


The  Nicaragua  Canal, 

A  view  is  given  herewith  of  the  valley  of  the 
river  Sao  Jnan,  frcm  Fort  San  Carlos,  Nioa- 
ragaa.  The  town  of  Sbd  CarloB,  at  the  janction 
of  the  Rio  San  Jnan  with  L^ke  Nicaragua,  la 
rapidly  assuming  the  proportions  of  a  oity  Id 
view  of  ite  fature  importance  when  the  oanal 
is  built.  The  proposed  route  of  the  canal,  laid 
out  by  the  engineers,  ie  from  the  harbor  of 
GreytowD  on  the  Caribbean  nea  to  Brito  on  the 
Pacigo.  Ita  total  length  is  1(>9  miles,  of  which 
3S  milea  will  be  exoavated  canal,  130  miles  nav- 
igation by  Lake  Nioaragaa,  the  river  San  Juao, 
the  outlet  of  the  bke,  the  basin  of  the  river 
SiQ  Francisco  and  through  seven  locks.  A 
oanal  without  looks  is  impraoticable  aoroBs 
Nioaragua. 

The  lake  is  an  inland  sea  90  miles  long  and 
35  to  45  miles  wide.     The  Jake  will   be  oon- 


u  JB    m-mJ 


VIEW    OP    THE    VALLEY    OF    THE    RIVER    SAN    JUAN,    THE    OUTLET    OF    LAKE    NIOARAGUA. 


to  every  eight  molders,  it  is  their  conviction  that 
such  a  law  should  be  utterly  abolished;  as  it  is  en- 
tirely un-American  in  its  character,  in  that  the  for- 
eign workman  is  welcomed  by  our  trade  Unions 
with  open  arms,  while  the  American-born  boy  is 
robbed  of  his  birthright,  denied  the  right  of  learn- 
ing a  trade  which  would  enable  him  to  earn  an 
honest  living,  and  forced  to  seek  associations  which 
must,  of  a  necessity,  lead  him  to  the  Industrial 
School  or  State  Prison. 

In  ofiFering  a  minimum  rate  of  $3,  we  were  re- 
storing the  rate  which  formerly  prevailed,  and 
which  was  injudiciously  raised  by  the  Union  some 
years  ago. 

A  return  to  the  rates  mentioned  was  decided 
upon  after  receiving  information  from  forty  different 
parts  of  the  East,  which  showed  a  maximum  rate  of 
pay  at  these  points  of  $2.75  and  a  minimum  rate 
of  $2. 

The  correspondence  in  this  connection  was  sub- 
mitted to  the  delegates  from  the  Molders'  Union 
and  they  admitted  that  such  were  the  facts. 

In  Mr.  Valentine's  letter  the  statement  is  made— 
"They  required  us  to  accept  a  reduction  of  fifty 
cents  per  day."  This  would  give  the  impression 
that  a  general  reduction  of  fifty  cents  per  man  was 
desired.  It  was  fully  explained  to  the  Union  dele- 
gates that  no  action  of  that  nature  was  contem- 
plated. In  all  trades  there  are  men  who  are  con- 
sidered third-class  workmen,  who,  in  the  case  of  the 
molders  in  year.s  gone  by,  found  employment  on  the 
cheaper  grade  of  work  at  $3  a  day.  A  few  men  of 
this  class  would  find  work  in  almost  any  shop.  The 
raising  of  the  minimum  to  $3.50  per  day  so  in- 
creased the  cost  of  production  that,  as  a  result,  we 
find  trade  has  left  the  city,  and  a  larger  proportion 
of  men  are  continuously  out  of  work. 

To  correct  this  evil,  employers  had  the  choice  of 
taking  first-class  men,  whom  they  had  continued  to 


"We  have  tried  the  Union's  plan  for  several 
years,  with  the  result  that  the  trade  has  steadily  de- 
clined, and  men  have  been  thrown  out  of  employ- 
ment. Now,  try  this  plan  o^  ours  for  just  one  year, 
and  see  if  it  will  not  help  us  to  maintain  our  posi- 
tions as  manufacturers  against  the  steadily  growing 
competition  of  the  East." 

In  reference  to  this  proposal  we  will  again  quote 
from  Mr.  Valentine's  letter,  which  states:  "  They 
proposed  to  enter  into  this  agreement  with  us  for 
one  year.  It  will  be  seen  that  at  the  end  of  this 
period  we  would  be  caught  in  the  midst  of  another 
dull  winter  season,  when  the  firms  would  surely  de- 
mand another  reduction.  Consequently  we  declined 
to  accept  their  proposition.'* 

Now,  did  ever  a  man  advance  a  more  flimsy  pre- 
text for  inaugurating  an  industrial  war?  No  one 
can  doubt  that  the  .Molders'  Union  would  have  been 
in  as  good  condition  to  make  a  fight  next  year  as  it 
is  in  this.  In  face  of  this  fact,  Mr.  Valentine  makes 
up  his  mind  that  further  demands  will  be  made  by 
employers  next  winter,  also  that  next  winter  will  be 
a  dull  one,  and  so  justifies  the  Union  in  declining 
the  employers'  proposition,  and  in  declaring  a  war 
which  throws  a  small  army  out  of  employment  in 
one  of  the  worst  winters  California  has  ever  experi- 
enced. 

It  will  be  seen  from  Mr.  Valentine's  statement 
that  the  fight  is  made  by  him  not  on  account  of  the 
present  action  of  the  employers,  but  on  account  of 
what  he  thinks  they  might  do  next  year. 

The  refusal  of  the  conference  proposition  was  re- 
ceived by  the  employers  on  Jan.  18,  1890.  The  let- 
ter contained  no  counter  proposition;  and.  hopeless 
of  securing  any  relief  from  the  Union,  all  effort  to 
act  in  concert  with  that  body  was  abandoned.  It 
being  the  unanimous  opinion  of  the  association 
members  that  were  they  to  have  any  voice  in  the 
management  of  their  business,  they  must  take  a 


other  penalties  to  employers  and  such  workmen  as 
are  more  reaionable  in  their  idea;-;  therefore,  in  coU' 
sideration  of  the  conditions  stated  and  for  the  pro 
tectinn  of  its  members  in  their  rights  as  employers, 
the  Engineers  and  Iron-Founders"  Association  of 
California  has  adopted  the  following  resolutions: 

Resolved.  First — That  the  secretary  be  instructed 
to  notily  the  Molders'  Union  that,  white  we  recog- 
nize the  right  of  its  members  to  associate  themselves 
together  far  mutual  benefit,  we  do  not  recognize  it 
to  the  exclusion  of  molders  not  members  of  the 
Union. 

Second— We  therefore  do  not  recognize  the  right 
of  the  Union  to  control  us  in  the  employment  of 
non-Union  men,  nor  to  regulate  the  amount  of 
work  a  man  shall  perform,  nor  limit  the  number  of 
apprentices  employed. 

Third — That  we  will  not  be  restricted  to  a  mini- 
mum of  wages. 

Fourth — fhat  all  wages  be  paid  by  hour,  what- 
ever the  number  of  hours  worked,  and  that  ten 
hours  constitute  a  day's  work  until  a  less  number  of 
hours  be  generally  adopted  by  foundries  east  of  the 
Rocky  mountains,  when  the  same  number  of  hours 
shall  be  the  day's  labor  here. 

Fiftb^Thai  overtime  be  paid  as  time  and  half, 
Sundays  and  holidays  as  double  time. 

In  con'lusion  we  would  state  that  the  members 
of  the  Molders'  Union  having  resigned  from  our 
employ,  and  we  having  accepted  their  resignation, 
our  relations  should  end  there;  but  the  molders  now 
deny  the  right  of  any  men  to  work  in  the  places 
which  they  have  vacated.  Recognizing  our  right  to 
have  any  man  who  may  desire  to  work  for  us,  we 
propose  to  protect  them  in  that  right  to  the  full  ex- 
tent of  the  law. 

Notwithstanding  the  constant  declaration  that 
their  motives  are  peaceful,  their  actions  are  such  as 
to  be  a  menace  to  the  public  peace. 

The  iron  works  in  this  city  are  in  a  state  of  siege, 


neoted  with  the  P^ioifio  by  a  oanal  and  with  the 
Atlantic  by  slaokwater  navigation  in  the  river 
San  Juan  by  a  short  section  of  oanal  from  the 
river  San  Jnan  to  the  basin  of  the  river  Sid 
Francieoo,  and  by  a  canal  from  the  eastern  end 
of  that  basin  to  the  Ciribbean  sea. 


The  Mechanics'  Fair.— The  B^ard  of  Trus- 
tees  of  the  Hechanios'  Institute  have  an* 
nonnoed  that  the  -2d'h  Indnatrial  Espoaition 
under  its  auspioea  will  be  held  at  the  Meohan- 
ios*  pavilion,  oommencing  Aug,  19l;fa  and  olos* 
ing  on  Saturday  evening,  Sept.  27th.  The 
trustees  solicit  exhibits  from  every  department 
of  invention,  industry,  art  and  the  natural  re- 
sources  of  the  coast. 


There  is  some  excitement  at  T*coma 
(Wash.)  over  the  discovery  of  gold  in  Gi-iUa- 
gher'a  guloh,  at  the  south  end  of  the  city.  The 
State  Geologist  is  not  excited,  howevar,  and 
a&ya  be  does  not  think  there  is  gold  enough 
there  to  call  the  land  mining  property. 

It  is  stated  that  over  half  a  million  dollars 
has  been  invested  of  late  by  London  oapitaliats 
in  Lower  Cilifornia  mines. 


Foreign*  varieties  of  ooal  are  very  soaroe  in 
this  market. 


222 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Mar.  29,  1890 


L.  0.  MARSHDTZ 


■X.  O.  CANTRELL. 

NATIONAL  IRON  WORKS 

N.  W.  Corner  Main  and  Howard  Sts.,  San  Francisco, 

MANDFACTUREES    OF 

Slalionary  and  Compound  Engines,  Flour,  Sugar.  Saw 
and  Quartz  Mill  Machinery. 

AMALGAMATING  MACHINES.     CASTINGS  AND  FORGINGS  ^l^X^dn 

ALL    WORK    TESTED    AND    GUARANTEED. 

IMPROVED    PORTABLE    HOISTING    ENGINES. 


Lubricating  Compound  and  Cups. 


NATIONAL  ROCKER  UUARTZ  MILL. 

KENDALL'S  PATENT,  AUGUST  24.  1886. 

MARSHUTZ  &  CANTRELL,  Sole  Manufacturers. 

The  Patentee  and  Manufacturers 
cordially  in\ite  minera  to  critically 
examine  and  pass  judgment  upon 
this  improved  system  of  milling 
and  amalgamating  ores  in  the  fol- 
lowing particulars: 

1.  The  cost  is  less  than  one-half  of 
stamps  of  same  ca{»city. 

2.  The  freight  to  mine  is  less  than 
one-half  of  stamps. 

3.  The  cost  ot  erecting  is  less  than 
one-fourth  of  stamps. 

i.  The  power  to  drive  itis  less  than 
one-half  of  stamps. 

5.  The  wear  is  less  than  one-quar- 
ter of  stamps. 

6.  There  is  no  wear  except  on 
shoes  and  dies, 

7.  In  point  of  amalgamation  it  Is 
superior  to  any  other  machine 
in  use. 

S.  In  its  simplicity  of  construction. 

We  challenge  competition  with 
Stamps,  Ball  Pulverizers  or  and 
other  ore  crushing  machines  now 
before  the  public. 

MARSHUTZ    &    CANTRELL. 


i^'Send  for  Circulars  and  Price  List. 


Vulcan  Iron  Woi^^s, 

135-145  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco,  Oal. 

Mining  Machinery.  Steam  Engines. 


STAMP  BATTERIES, 

PANS  AND  SETTLERS, 

ROCK  BREAKERS,  ETC.,  ETC, 


SAW-MILL  1 

cable-road      machinery. 
refrigeratingJ 


Special  Machinery  to  Order. 

AERIAL^  wIrE    ropeways. 

(Vulcan  Patent  System) 

SINGLE,   ENDLESS    TRAVELING   ROPE. 

Elevated  on  Wooden  Posts,  from  150  to  2000  feet  apart, 
conveying  Buckets  ot  Ore,  Uoal,  Wood,  etc 


No  Possibility  of  X.oad  Sllppiug:, 

Cheapest  Foriu  of  Transportation. 

No  road  needed;    can  he  run  vertically.    No  power 
needed  if  angle  of  descent  be  more  than  8  degrees. 

CAJf   SPAN   GULCHE:S    3000   FEET   W^IDE. 


LIDGERWOOD  M'F'Q  CO, 


MANUFACTQRERB     OF 


HOISTING  ENGINES 


styles  anl  Sizes.  Overf 


96  Libertj'  St.,  New 
York. 

34  &  3S  West  Uonroe 
St.,  Chicago. 

i    197  to  203  Congress  St, 
Boston. 

PARKE  &TACY  CO,, 


Send  for  Catalogrne. 


San  Francisco,  Cal. 


Manufactured  from  strictly  lirat-class  Flax  and  pure  lubricants.  Sup-rior  to  all  others  for  water  and  steam.  Pack 
with  less  friction  and  makes  a  tighter  joint  than  any  other  packing:  made,  ^ff"  Imitations  of  inferior  quality  hav- 
ing been  put  upoti  the  market,  we  have  been  compelled  to  adopt  the  above  trade-mark,  and  all  of  our  packing  will 
now  have  a  RED  CORD  running  through  the  center  its  entire  lenE;th.  Sec  that  you  get  it  and  take  no  other.  Sold 
by  all  Ilirdware  dealers.  Price,  50  cents  per  pound.  W.  X.  X".  SOHENOK,  Sole  Manufactufer,  922  and 
^'24  Market  Street,  San  Francisco,  Oal. 


1868. 
Manufacture  oommenced  a 
Albany,  Mew  York. 

1876. 
Introduced  by  ub  on  Pacific 
Coast. 

1889. 

Cheap  imitationa  having  had 
time  to  show  that  they  are  the 
most  expensive  in  the  end,  the 

Sales  of  the  Genuine  Albany 
Compound  are  Larger  than 
ever  before. 


England,    Belgium, 
France. 

And   other   Foreign  Countries 
are  now  Large  Cousumere. 


We  are  also  Sole  Agents  for 
the 

'^^   Albany  Cylinder  Oils, 
Uf-S^        Albany  Spindle  Oils,  Etc. 


FOR    SALE    ONLY    BY 


TATUM  &  BOWEN 

Sole  Agents  for  the  Pacific  Coast, 


Dealers     in     Improved    Woodworking     Machinery, 

Sawmill  Machinery,  Engines,  Boilers,  Ironworking  If  achinery.  Supplies,  Etc. 

Sole  Agents  for  Hoe  Chisel-Tooth  Saw.  Gardner  Governor,  Schultz 
Leather  Belting,  Etc. 

34  AND  36  FREMONT  STREET,  SAN  FRANCISCO. 

85  FRONT  STREET,  PORTLAND,  OR. 


tsiA^^S7"Ei     ii/a:o]Nr£s 


BY    USING 


WATER  POWER  TRANSMITTED  BY  ELECTRICITY 

To  Run  your   Mills,  Hoists   and   Trams. 

For  Circular  j;iviqg  particulars  send  to 

KEITH    ELECTRIC    CO.. 


■  MANnFACTtTREKS   OF  - 


Apparatus  for  Electric  Light  and  Electric  Power 

OFFICE,  40  NEVADA  BLOCK, 

Factory,  Stevenson  St..  bet.  First  and  Ecker,  SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 


Rock  Drilling  and  Air  Compressing 
Machinery 

For  TUNNELS,  QUARRIES,  MINES,  RAILROADS 

And  Wherever  Ore  and  Eock  are  to  be  Drilled  and  Blasted. 

tS"  SEND    FOR    NEW    CATAI.O0UJE;    OF    1889.  "S^ 


RAND    DRILL  CO., 

23  Park  Place,  New  York,  U.  S.  A. 


DEWEY  &  CO.  {'"'ai^,i^?.Yal?bfi''}  PATENT  AGENTS. 


Mab.  29,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


223 


AMALGAMATING  MACHINERY. 

sump  Mills  for  Wet  or  Dry  Qtushlng. 
Huntington  Centrllugal  Quartz  Mill.  Drying 
Cylinders.  Amalgamating  Pans,  Settlers. 
Agitators  and  Concentrators.  Retorts.  Bul- 
lion and  Ingot  Moulds.  Conveyors.  Elevators, 
Brucfcners  and  Howell's  Improved  White's 
Roasting  Furnaces,  Etc. 


FRASER  &  CHALMERS, 

MINING  MACHINERY 


IMPROVED  CORLISS  VA\^°elV^lM   ENGINES.        *3& 


CONCENTRATING  MACHINERY. 

Blako,  Oodgeand  Comet  Crushers,  Cornish 
Crushing  and  Finishing  Rolls,  Hartz  Plunger 
and  Collom  Jigs.  Frue  Vannor  &  Embrey 
Concentrators.  E«ans'.  Calumet,  CoHom's 
and  Rittonger's  Slime  Tat)lcs.  Trommels, 
Wire  Cloth  and  Punched  Plates.  Ore  Sam- 
ple  Grinders  and  Heboric  Mills. 

13/%  I  I    CDC    HORIZONTAL.    VERTICAL 
CSwlL.ClK9    .  .  .  AND   SECTIONAI 


XlVCIP^RLQiVSO     ^'T^mM.TiS.     ST'iklVEF'Si 


Hoisting  Engines, 
Safety  Cages, 

Safety  Hooks, 

Ore  CARS,  Water  &  Ore 
BUCKETS, 

Air  Compressors, 

Rocl<  Drills,  Etc. 

GENERAL  MILL  ANO 
MINING  SUPPLIES,  ETC. 
Sectional  Machinery 

FOR 

MULE-BACK 

TRANSPORTATION. 


JUS 

General  Offices  and  Works: 


Pumping  Engines 

and  Cornish 

Pumping  IMachinerv, 

IMPROVED 
WATER    JACKET 

Blast  Furnaces  for 
Galena  <&,  Copper  Ores, 

SLAG  CARS  AND  POTS, 

Roots  &  Baiter 
Pressure  Blowers, 

SUSPENDED 

TRAMWAYS. 


FULTON  AND   UNION   STS.,   CHICAGO,    iLL. 


BRANCH  OFFICES: 


NEW  YORK,  Room  43,  No.  2  Wall  St.        DENVER,  COLO.,  1316  Elgliteenth  St.       SALT  LAKE  CITY,  UTAH, 
7  W.  Second  Soutti   St.       LONDON,  ENC,  23   Bucklersbury,  E.  C.       CHIHUAHUA  CITY,    MEXICO,  No.  I  I 
Oalle  de  Juarez.        LIMA,  PERU,  South  America.        JOHANNESBURG,  TRANSVAAL,  South  Africa. 

SOLE    WESTERN    AGENTS    FOB    TYLBB    WIHB    WORKS    DOOBLB    ORIMPBD    MINING    CLOTHS. 


fUetalllirgy  apd  Ore^. 


SELBY 

SMELTING  and  LEAD  CO.. 

416  Montgomery  St.,  San  Francisco. 

GOLD    AND    SILVER    REFINERY 
And  Assay  Office. 

Highest  Prices  Paid  for  Gold,  Silver  and 
Lead  Ores  and  Solpharets. 

Mi-KUPACrURBRa  OF 

BLUESTONE, 

LEAD  PIPE, 

SHEET  LEAD, 

SHOT,  Etc.,  Etc. 

Also  MANlTFAOTURKRg    OF 

Standard    Shot-Gun    Cartridges, 

Uoiler  ChamberliD  Patent 


THE     PELTON     WATER     "WHEEL 

GIVES    THE    HIGHEST    EFFICIENCY    OF    ANY    WHEEL    IN     THE    WORLD. 


.^ 


OVER  800  ALREADY  IN  USE. 

A£fords  the  Moat  Simple  and  Reliable  Power  for  all 
Mining   and   Manufaoturiag   Machinery. 

Adapted  to  heads  runoiDg  from  20  up  to  2,000  feet. 

From  12  to  20  per  cent  better  resnlts  guaranteed  than 
can  be  produced  from  any  other  Wheel  in  the  Country. 

ELECTRIC  TRANSMISSION. 

Power  rom  these  Wheels  can  be  transmitted  long 
distances  with  small  loss,  and  is  now  extensively  need  in 
all  parts  of  the  country  for  generating  both  power  and 
light. 

APPLICATIONS 

Should  state  amount,  and  head  of  water,  power  required, 
and  for  what  purpose  ;  with  approximate  length  of  pipe ; 
also,  whether  the  application  is  with  reference  to  Wheels 
or  Motors  described  below.     SEND  FOR  CIRCULARS, 

The  Pelton  Water  Wheel  Co. 

121  HAIN  ST.,  SAN  FEANCISCO,  GAL. 

Varying  from  the  fraction  of  1  up  to  15  and  20-horBe  power.     Uneqnaled   for   all   light-runnine   machinery.     Warranted  to  develop  a  given 
amount  of  power  with  one-half  the  water  required  by  any  other.     BST  SEND  FOR  MOTOR  CIRCULAR.     ADDRESS  AS  ABOVE. lEa 


OHNT    -\^STA.rc:Hi 


JAMBS    LBFFBL'S 

Mining  Turbine  Water  Wheel. 

These  Wheels  are  deaigmed  for  all  purposes  where  limited  quantttloa  of  water  and 
high  heads  are  utilized,  and  are  guaraDteed  to  give  more  power  with  less  water  than 
any  other  wheel  made.  Being  placed  on  horizontal  shaft,  the  power  is  transmitted 
direct  to  shafting  by  belts,  dispensing  with  gearing. 

Estimates  (urniahed  on  application  for  wheels  specially  built  and  adapted  in 
capacity  to  suit  auy  particular  case. 

Further  information  can  be  obtaiaed  of  this  form  of  coustruction,  as  well  as  the 
ordinary  Vertical  Turbines  for  Wooden  Penstocks  and  in  Iron  Globe  Cases,  free  of  cost, 
by  applying  to  the  monufacturera. 


JAMES    LEFPEL    &    OO., 


Springfield,  Ohio, 


or  110  Liberty  St.,  Hew  York. 


FBASER    js    OHALMBBS,  General  Agents, 

Oblcaso,  111.,  and  Denver.  Col 

PARKS    A   LACY,  General  Agents,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


CALIFORNIA   IRON  YARD. 

HENRY  J.  ROGERS  &  OO. 

Successors  to  CHAS.  CALLAHAN 

IMPORTERS  A14D  QEALBBS   IN 

CAST  and  WROUGHT  IRON  SCRAP 

SECOND-HAND    BOII.SRS 

AND  OLD  UACHINERY 

or  every  deeorlptioD. 

Tie  Elgliest  Price  paU  for  all  kiafls  ol  Metals. 

Offiob  and  Yard:    128  and  130  Folsom  St.,  S.  F. 
Telephone  No.  67. 


-IE  R  I  CAN 


California  Inventors 

AND  FOKEiGN  PATENT  SoLiciToRH,  for  obtaining  Patents 
and  Caveata.  EatabllBhed  in  1S60.  Their  long  experience  aa 
journalists  and  large  practice  as  Patent  attomeya  enables 
them  to  otfer  Pacific  Coast  Inventors  far  better  survice  than 
they  can  obtain  elsewhere.  Send  for  free  oircularB  of  infor- 
mation. Office  of  the  BIinino  and  Soientipio  Press  ard 
Paoivio  Bttral  FBEB8  No.  330  Market  8.,  Ban  Franciaoo. 
Elevator,  U  Front  at. 


JOHN  TAYLOR  &  CO.. 

lUPORTRRS   AND   DRALEEIS  IN 

ASSAYERS'    MATERIALS,     MINE 
AND  MILL  SUPPLIES, 

ALSO  CHEMICALS.   AND    PHYSICAL,  SCHOOL    AND 

CHEMICAL  APPARATUS. 
63  St  65  First  St.,  cor.  Mission,  San  FrancUoo. 

A^— ^      We  would  call  the  attention  of 


Assaycrs,  Chemists,  Mining  Com-  ^?^&^j^^y 
panics,  Milling  Companies,  Pros-  ^^WTERSjV 
pectors,  oto.,  to  our  full  stock  of  't^  — -^^ 
Balances,  Furnaces,  Muffles,  Crucibles,  Scori- 
fiers,  etc.,  including,  also,  a  full  stock  of 
Chemicals. 

Having  been  engaged  in  furnishing  these  sup- 
plies sinoi  the  Qrst  discovery  of  mines  on  the 
Pacitic  Coast,  we  feel  confident  from  our  experi- 
ence wc  can  well  suit  the  demand  for  tnese 
goods,  both  08  to  gualitj'  and  price. 

Agents  for  the  fliurgan  Crucible  Co., 
Biittcrscix,  England.  Also  for  IC.  O.  Denuts- 
ton's  Silver  Plated  Amalgam  Plates.  The  plates 
of  this  well-known  manufacturer  are  thoroughly  relia- 
ble, and  full  weight  of  Silver  guaranteed.  Ordeis  taken 
at  his  lowest  prices.  Our  Illustrated  Catalogue  and  As 
eay  Tables  sent  free  on  application. 

JOHN  TAYLOR  ft  OO. 


Nevada  Metallurgical  Works. 

NO.  28  STEVENSON  STREET, 

Near  First  and  Market  Streets,  S.  F. 

C.  A.  Ldorhahdt,  Manager.  EstabiiISHBd  1800 

Ores  worked  by  any  ProoeBB. 
Ores  Sampled, 

Assaying  In  all  its  Branches. 
Analyses  of  Ores,  Minerals,  Waters,  eto. 
Working  Teats  (practical)  Made. 
Flans  and  Specifications  furniBhed  for  the 
most  suitable  Process  for  Working  Ores. 

Special  attention  paid   to  Examinations   of 
Mines;  Plans  and  Reports  fumlshed, 

O.  A.  LUCKHARDT  &  OO^ 
(Formerly  Huhn  &  Luokhardt, 
Uinlns  Engineers  and  MetaUurfflsts. 


THOMAS  PRICE  &  SON, 

Assay  Office,  Chemical  Laboratory, 

BULLION  ROOMS  and  ORE  FLOORS, 

524  Sacramento  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

COIN  RETURNS  ON  ALL  BULLION  DEPOSITS  IN  24  HOURS. 

WORKING    TESTS    OF    ORES    BY    ALL    PROCESSES. 

SPECIAL  ATTENTION  PAID  TO  CONCENTRATION  OF  ORES. 
Ores  Received  on  Oonsignment.  Sampled,  Assayed,  and  Disposed 
of  in  the  Open  Market  to  the  Highest  Bidder. 


GREAT    REDUCTION! 
BATTERY~~SCREENS. 

Best  and  Cheapest  in  America. 

No  imitation,  no  deception,  no  planished  or  rofcteo 
Iron  used.  Only  gcnuihe  Russia  iron  in  Quartz  Screens. 
Planished  iron  screens  at  nearly  half  my  former  rates. 

I  ha\e  a  largo  supply  of  Battery  Screens  on  hand 
suitable  for  the  Huntington  and  all  Stamp  Mills,  which  I 
will  Bell  at  20  per  oent  discount. 


PERFORATED  SHEET  METAL 

For  Flour  and  Kice  Mills,  Grain  Separators,  Revolving 
and  Shot  Screens,  Stamp  Batteries  and  all  kinds  of  MIn 
ing  and  Milling  Machinery.  Iron,  Steel,  Copper,  Brass. 
Zinc  and  other  mctala  punched  for  all  uses. 

Inventor  and  Manufacturer  of  the  celebrated  Slot  Cut 
or  burred  and  Slot  Punched  Screens. 

Mining  Screens  a  specialty,  (rom  No.  1  to  15  (finej. 
Orders  promptly  attended  to. 

San  Francisco  Pioneer  Screen  Works, 

S31  &  S!33  First  St.,  San  Francisco,  Gal. 

JOHN  W.  QUICK,  Proprietor. 

"WINCHESTER  HOUSE, 

41  Tbird  Street,     -      San  Francisco,  Cal, 


This  Fire  proof  Brick  Buiiding  ifl  centrally  located,  in 
the  healthiest  part  of  the  city,  only  a  half  block  frnm  the 
Grand  and  Palace  Hotels,  and  close  to  all  Steamboat  and 
Railroad  Offices. 

Laundry  Free  for  the  use  of  Families. 

HOT  AND  COLD  BATHS  FRES. 


Terms,  Board  and  Room,  $1.00  per  Day 

And  Upward, 

Kooms  with  or  without  Board, 

Free  Coacb  to  the  House 


224 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Mab.  29,  1890 


ITiAF^KET    ^EPOF^TS. 


Local  Markets. 

San  Francisco.  March  27.  1890. 
Gmeral  trade  continues  fairly  active,  with  the 
volume  of  goods  going  out  showing  a  steady  increase 
This  will  be  still  more  marked  when  the  valley  and 
mountain  roads  beer  me  more  passable.  With 
foundrymen  and  machinists  there  is  nothing  new  to 
report.  The  iron-molders"  strike  is  siill  on,  which 
naturally  interferes  with  work.  It  is  claimed  that 
the  strikers'  places  will  be  filled  by  non-union  men. 
It  now  looks  as  if  both  sides  have  setttled  down  to 
a  recognition  of  a  final  struggle  for  supremacy — one 
fiehiing  for  principle  and  the  other  for  a  chance  to 
turn  out  work  against  Ea=:tern  competition. 

The  local  money  market  is  easy,  with  remittances 
coming  in  fairly  free,  while  the  demand  is  light 
With  settled  weather  the  unemployed  men  are  secur- 
ing work,  and  the  future  is  more  bright.  There  will 
soon  be  a  call  for  men  from  the  mining  districts, 
where  but  little  has  been  done,  owing  to  a  scarcity 
of  water.  The  large  deposits  of  snow  guarantee  an 
ample  supply  of  water  throughout  the  year  for  all 
kinds  of  mining. 

MEXICAN  DOLLARS— The  demand  is  light 
The  last  steamer  for  China  took  out  $47,781  to 
Hong  Kong. 

The  market  for  ^Mexican  dollars  closed  dull  at 
75 K  cts. 

SILVER — The  foreign  market  has  ruled  strong 
throughout  the  week,  while  at  the  East  an  advance 
has  been  established.  On  this  coast  the  supply  of 
bullion  is  quite  light,  or  at  least  the  Mint  finds  con- 
siderable difficulty  in  getting  it,  owing  to  light 
offerings.  There  is  no  denying  that  the  output  on 
this  coast,  not  considering  Montana  and  Colorado,  is 
less  than  at  this  time  last  year,  while  it  looks  as  if 
there  will  be  no  considerable  increase  in  the  near 
future.  The  Tuscarora  mines,  which  promised  so 
much  when  they  were  dealing  the  stocks,  are  turti- 
ing  out  but  little  bullion.  Of  course  plausible  ex- 
cuses are  given  for  the  poor  returns.  The  Com- 
stocks  are  gradually  going  into  gold,  with  the  per- 
centage of  the  latter  promising  to  largely  increase  in 
the  near  future  as  work  in  the  mines  is  pushed  to 
the  west.  The  Arizona  silver  mines  are  not  show- 
ing an  increased  output 

The  Windom  bill  has  been  favorably  acted  on  by 
the  House  Committee.  A  favorable  report  by  a 
House  Committee  is,  at  this  session,  equivalent  to 
passage  in  that  body.  The  objectional  sections  have 
either  been  eliminated  or  else  amended  so  as  to 
make  the  bill  acceptable.  Our  advices  from  abroad 
indicate  that  the  action  of  Congress  is  being  close- 
ly watched,  and  if  the  bi-metallists  are  successful, 
more  favorable  action  will  be  taken  by  England  and 
Germ  any. 

The  Mint  paid  f<Jr  silver  the  past  week  95  2-5  cts. 
London  cables  quote  that  market  at  43  i3-i6d. 

QUICKSILVER— Receipts  the  past  week  aggre- 
gate 137  flasks,  and  exports  by  sea  195  flasks  to 
Guayraas  and  25  flasks  to  Mexico.  The  market  is 
very  strong,  with  a  good  home  demand  ruling. 
English  advices  from  Southern  Africa  report  a  dis- 
covery of  cinnabar  mines,  but  how  extensive  is  not 
reported.  EngUsh  mining  papers  are  very  hopeful 
from  the  advised  prospects. 

ANTIMONY— The  market  is  fairly  steady.  S^.v- 
eral  mines  are  said  to  exist  in  this  State  not  hereto- 
fore worked,  owing  to  the  price  bsing  too  low.  Now 
that  the  market  is  high  and  likely  to  remain  so,  cap- 
ital looking  to  their  development  would  be  well  in- 
vested. The  Santa  Madico  mine,  40  miles  south  of 
Baker  City,  in  Kern  county,  has  all  the  machinery 
ready  for  active  work. 

BORAX— Receipts  the  past  week  aggregate  418 
centals,  and  exports  32,540  lbs.  to  St.  Paul  and 
362  lbs.  to  Guaymas.  The  market  is  reported  firm, 
with  a  good  demand  ruling. 

LIME— Receipts  the  past  week  aggregate  4T79 
bbls.,  and  exports  by  sea  850  bbls.  to  Honolulu  and 
100  bbls.  to  Mahukoma.  The  home  consumption 
is  steadily  increasing. 

LEAD— The  market  is  about  as  heretofore  re- 
ported. Lead  paint  manufacturers  report  that  their 
requirements  will  be  larger  than  in  1889.  At  the 
East,  the  situation  is  virtually  unchanged. 

TIN— The  market  for  plate  continues  demoralized. 
It  now  looks  as  if  there  will  bs  free  consumption  by 
canners  for  both  fruit  and  salmon.  For  pig  the 
market  is  fairly  steady.  English  advices  report  a 
firm  market  for  pig,  but  unsettled  for  plate,  owing  to 
the  combination  to  reduce  the  output  not  being 
formed.  If  this  is  successful,  better  prices  are  looked 
for.     At  last  advices,  62  works  were  idle, 

IRON— The  market  is  essentially  unchanged. 
Large  holders  do  not  appear  disposed  to  niake 
concessions,  believing  that  large  consumers  will  not 
be  obliged  to  restrict  their  work  much,  if  any.  Eng- 
lish advices  lead  to  the  impression  that  another 
speculative  movement  is  contemplated,  based  on 
lessened  stocks. 

COPPER — There  is  nothing  new  to  report  in  the 
market.  The  syndicate  holdings  at  the  Eisi  have 
been  placed,  which  is  calculated  to  strengthen  the 
market  A  special  cablegram  to  the  Iron  A^e  re- 
ports the  English  market  on  March  19th  as  follows: 
Copper,  alter  declining  somewhat,  advanced  to 
j^47  iss.  on  considerable  improvement  in  the  cash 
demand,  and  on  Thursday  as  high  as  ,^48  was  paid 
for  prompts.  Since  then,  however,  there  has  been  a 
reaction  of  ^47  7s.  6d.  A  large  part  of  the  war- 
rants circulating  on  the  market  latterly  has  been 
absorbed  by  consumers,  and  the  prospects  are  con- 
sidered brighter.  Stocks  decreased  2000  tons  dur- 
ing the  first  hilf  of  the  month.  Recent  sales  of 
furnace  material  include  19:1  tons  Montana  Matte  at 
los.,  100  tons  ditto  on  private  terras,  and  1675  tons 
Anaconda  Argentiferous  Matte,  private  terras;  all  at 
Liverpool. 

COAL— Receipts  the  pist  week  aggregate  as  fol- 
lows :  Coos  Biy,  T450  ton;;  Seattle,  6100;  De- 
parture Biy,  5555;  Ticomi,  2400;  and  Port  Town- 
send,  1304;  total,  16,659  tons.  The  market  rules 
Srm  for  steam  under  li^nt  supplies.  Very  little  can 
be  addad  to  our  last  week's  report.  In  house  coals 
the  market  is  kept  steady  by  the  scarcity  of  steam 
and  the  fear  that  b'ifore  Australia  begins  to  send  us 
liberal  supplies  some  accident  might  occur  to  one  or 


MINING    SHAREHOLDERS'    DIRECTORY. 

COUPILBD  BV5RT  THDRBDAT    FROM  AdVHRTISHMBNTS  IN  THB  HiNING  AND  SCISNTIFIC  PRESS  AND  QTBBR  S.  F,   JooaMALS 

ASSESSMENTS. 


Company. 


Alabama  M  Co Nevada..  1.. 

Eechtel  Cons  M  Co Califoruia . .  11 . . 

Eailey  M  Co Nevada . .  1 . 

Butte  KiogM  Co California..  1.. 

Confidence  S  M  Co Nevada.. 15. 

East  Btst&  Belcher  M  Co.... Nevada 1. 

Eureka  <'oq9  Drifi  M  Co California..!.. 

Happy  Valley  BL  Giuvsl  Co. .California. ..6. 

Holmes  M  Co Nevada.. 11, 

Hiiiuboldt  M  Co Nevada. .  1 , , 

Indian  Creek  M  Co California,  .1.. 

Murtin  White  M  Co Nevada.. 23.. 

Majflowei-  Gravel  M  Co Califoroia.  .46. , 

Quaker  GM  Co CaUforma..l8., 

Standard  Cons.  M  Co California. .  2. . 

IJuion  CoQB  M.  Co Nevada.  .40. 

Utah  CodbM  Co Nevada..  9. 


Location.  No.  Am't.  Levibd.    Dblinq't. 


8. .Mar  IS.... Apr  22, 
10. .Feb    10... .Mar  17. 

8. .Mar  18...,  Apr  22. 
30. .Feb  13....Mar2u. 
75.. Mar  l2....Adr  16. 
25. .Feb  11.. ..Mar  14. 

3. -Feb    24... .Apr    5. 

5.. Feb  12  .,  Mar  24. 
25.. Mar  \6 

8. .Mar  18 
10..  Mar  12. 
25. .Feb    12....Mar31, 
50. .Mar    8.. ..Apr  W 
20. .Mar    S....Apr    5.. 
25. .Mar    4. ...Apr  14... 
25. .Mar    5... .Apr  10.. 
"        "      "      .Apr  17.. 


Sale,     Secrbtart.  Place  of  Businbbs, 

.May  13.  .W  H  Watson 302  Montgomery  St 

.Apr  13.. CC  Harvey 303  CaUfomia  St 

.May  13..  W  H  Watson..... -...302  Montgomery  St 

.Aprl2..WCLBwi8 723  Market  St 

. May  7. . A  S  Groch 414  Cahfornia  St 

.Mar  31.. C  H  Mason 331  Montgoiuery  Bt 

Apr    o....Apr  21. .W  H  Kabe 224  Montgomery  St 

Mar  24....Aprl4..DMKent 3i0  Pine  St 

Apr  17.... May  8    C  B  Elliott 309  Montgomery  St 

Apr  22.. ..May  13.. W  H  Watson 302  Montgomery  Sa 

..Apr  14....Mayl4..SC  Mills 419  Caiiforuia  St 

Apr  30..  A  B  Cooper........  325  Montgomery  St 

May  1.  ,J  Morizio 328  Montgomery  St 

May  5.  .A  Oheminant 328  Mom g ornery  St 

May  19.. J  W  Pew 3Iti  Piue  St 

,Apr  30..  J  MBuffiagton 303  California  St 

May  5..AHFi3h 309  Montgomery  St 


25..  Mar  11 
MEETINGS  TO  BE  HELD. 

Name  of  Pompaut.  Looatjon.    Seoeexab-y  OFnoE  ts  8.  F.  BfBBnva  Date 

Bulwer  Cons  M  Co Calif omia.,L  Osborn 309  Montgomery  St Annual Apr   9 

California  Iron  &  Steel  Co California.  .F  Bonacina 438  California  St Annual Apr  21 

Uarbon  Coal  Co F  G  Knapp 407  California  St Annual  Apr  17 

Champion  M  Co Calif om*a..T  Wetzel 522  Montgomery  St Annual Apr    4 

Coo'  Bay,  Oregon,  Coal  Co WV Huntington.. Fourth  aod  TownsendSts Annual Apr   9 

Gei-mania  Lead  Works  Co Utah.. J  M  Quay 124  Sanaome  St    Annual Apr   2 

Live  Oak  Drift  Gravel  Co  Californ'a..J  Morizio 328  Montgomery  St Azinual Apr  15 

Ruasel  Reduction  &  M  Co Califoruia..J  Morizio 32S  Montgoiuery  St Azinual... Apr  21 

LATEST  DIVIDENDS— WITHIN  THBEE  MONTHS. 

Nake  of  Compaht.  Location.     Seceetart.  Office  in  8.  F.  Amount.  Patabli 

Champion  M  Co T  Wetzel 522  Montgomery  8t 10 Jan  20 

Caledonia  M  C Nevada.. A  8  Cheminant 328  Montgomery  8t 08 Aug  5 

Con  California  &  Va  M  To Nevada..  AW  Havens 309  Montgomery  St 25 Feb  10 

Derbec  Blue  Gravel  M  Co California.. T  Watzel 522  Montgomery  St 10 Dec  23 

Idaho  M  Co California Graaa  Valley 2  50 '. . . .  Mar  7 

Mt  Diablo  M  Co Nevada.. R  Heath 319  Pine  St 30 Oct2t 

Pacific  Borax  Salt  &  Soda  Co.  ..California.. A  H  Clough 230  Montgomery  St 1  00 Feb  10 


Successful  Patent  Solicitors. 

Ab  Dewey  &  Co.  have  been  in  the  patent  soliciting  busl- 
□esB  on  this  Coast  now  for  so  manyyears,  the  firm's  name 
l8  a  well-known  one.  Another  reason  for  its  popularity 
is  that  a  great  proportion  of  the  Pacific  Coast  patenta 
issued  by  the  Government  have  been  procured  through 
their  agency.  They  are,  therefore,  well  and  thoroughly 
posted  on  the  needs  of  the  progressive  industrial  oh^ea 
of  this  Coast.  They  are  the  best  posted  firm  on  what 
has  been  done  in  all  branches  of  industry,  and  are  able 
to  judge  of  what  is  new  and  patentable.  In  this  they 
have  a  great  advantage,  which  is  of  practical  dollar  and 
cent  valuft  to  their  clients.  That  this  Is  understood  and 
appreciated,  is  evidenced  by  the  number  of  patents 
i=fued  through  their  SoiHimFio  Pssas  Patent  Agency  (S. 
F.)  from  wees  to  week  and  vear  to  vn^r. 


more  of  the  leading  collieries  on  this  coast  and  our 
coast  supplies  lessened.  The  consumption  of  steam 
is  quite  free,  but  of  house  it  is  lessening.  There  are 
six  vessels  with  cargoes  on  the  way  from  Newcastle, 
N.  S,  W.,  of  which  number  three  are  about  due. 
From  Sydney  there  is  one  vessel  due.  The  number 
of  vessels  listed  for  this  port  and  not  yet  left  are 
three  at  Newcastle,  N,  S.  W.,  and  two  at  Sydney. 


Eastern  Metal  Markets. 

By  Telegraph. 
New  York,  March  27,  1890. — The  following  are 
the  closing  prices  the  past  week: 
Silver  In    Silver  in 
London.  New  York. 
Thursday. ...433  95 


Friday 43^ 

Saturday 43  J 

Monday 43J 

Tuesday 43J 

Wednesday.. 43J 


95 
95 
96 


Copper. 

814  20 
14  25 
14  30 
14  80 
14  30 
14  50 


Lead. 

S3  92J 
3  9i4 
3  92$ 
3  92i 
3  924 
3  95 


Tin. 
§20  25 
^  50 
20  35 
20  30 
20  20 
20  40 


95i 
95i 

Ne\v  York,  March  25. — Borax  was  6rm  at  g^c; 
California  refined,  ordinary  trade,  pays  6g@70c. 
Quicksilver,  crude,  whale  and  sperm  oil  continue 
neglected.  Lake  copper  is  well  controlled  and 
firm;  i4?^(fei4Kc;  casting  i2>i@i3C.  Fair  move- 
ment for  use.  T^Qcal  bankers  are  said  to  have  com- 
pleted negotiations  for  large  delivery  of  syndicate 
metal  in  the  next  three  months.  Pig  lead  quiet  and 
steady  al  $3  95@4. 


San  Francisco  Metal  Market. 

WHOLESALE. 

Thuiisdat,  March  27, 

Aktimont— None  in  market    

Borax— Ee^cd,  in  carload  lota 

Powdered  "         "        "    , 

Concentrated '    , 

All  grades  jobbing  at  an  advance. 

COPPEK— 

Bolt , 

Sheathing 23 

ingot,  jobbing 17  $*  la 

do,  wholesale —  @  16 

Fire  Box  Sheets 23  (ffl  25 

Lead  —Pig 4j@  — 

Bar 5@  — 

Sheet. 7@  — 

Pipe 6  @  — 

Shot,  discount  10%  on  500  baga     Drop,  ^  bag.  1  45  {*  — 

Buck,  ^bag 1  65  @  — 

Chilled,  do .  1  85  @  — 

TiKPLATE— B.  v.,  steel  grade,  14x20,  to  arrive.      —  m  — 

B.  v.,  steel  prade,  14i20,  spot 4  60  @'  — 

Charcoal,  14x20 6  75  -a  7  00 

do  roofing,  14x20 6  000  — 

do.do,20428 12  00  @  — 

J*ig  tin,  spot,  |3  Hj -    @  21i 

CoKE-Eng,,  ton,  spot,  in  blk 13  50  (al4  SO 

Do,  do,  to  load 14  50  @15  50 


QnicKsiLVER— By  the  daak.. 

Flasks,  new  , . ' 

Flasfce.  ntd    

CUKOME  Iron  Ore,  4=?  ton 

If.ox— Bar,  base 

Norway,  base 

Steel — English,  % 

Canton  tool 

Black  Diamond  tool 

Pick  and  Hammer 

Machinery 

Toe  Calk 

Spot. 

Iron— Glengarnock  fcOD 35  00  (g 

Eglinton,  ton ....35  00  @ 

American  Soft,  No.  1,  ton.. @35  00 

Oregon  Pig,  ton @35  OO 

Puget  Sound 35  00  @ 

Oljy  Lane  White c@2    00 

Shotts,  No.l 35  00  ^35  00 

Bar  Iron  (base  price)  ^  lb . . .      —  @     — 

Langloan  35  00  @ 

Thorncliffe 35  00  @ 

Gartsherrie 35  00  @ 

Barrow 35  00  @ 

Thomas 35  00  @ 

Cajgofleet 32  50  @ 


.5u  00  (i 


Goal. 


TO  L0AT>. 

Per  Ton.  (  Per  Ton. 

Australian  ...     7  50  @  7  75:Lehigh  Lump..  16  50@17  00 

LiverpoolSfm    S  50  @ iCumberland  bk  16  00@ 

Scotch  Splint.     9  00  @  9  00  Egg,  hard 15  50@ 

Cardiff 9  50@10  00| 

SPOT  from  yard. 

Wellington 39  00  Seattle 7  00 

Greta     S  50  Coos  Bay 6  OO 

Westminster  Brymbo.     9  00  Cannel 12  00 

Nanaimo 9  00  Egg,  hard 18  00 

Sydney 8  50  Cumberland,  In  sacks  15  00 

Oilman 7  00      do.  bulk 14  00 


DoB't  Fall  to  Write. 

Should  this  paper  be  reoeived  by  any  subscriber  who 
does  not  want  ft,  or  beyond  the  time  he  intends  to  pay 
for  it,  let  him  not  fall  to  write  us  direct  to  stop  it.  A 
postal  card  (costing  on©  cent  only)  will  suffice.  We  will 
not  knowingly  send  the  paper  to  any  one  who  does  not 
wish  it,  but  if  It  is  continued,  through  the  failure  of  the 
subscriber  to  notify  us  to  dlseontiiiue  It,  or  some  Irre- 
fponedble  party  requested  to  atop  It,  we  shall  poelHvelv 
demand  pavraent  (or  the  time  It  Is  sent    IjQOB.  carbfuIiLY 

AX  THE  IfABBL  ON  TOtIB  FAPBK. 


Table  of  Lowest  and  Highest  Sales  in 
S.  F.  Stock  Exchange. 


Alpha 

Alta 

Andes 

Belcher 

Beat&  Belcher... 

Bullion 

Bodie  Con 

Bulwer 

Conunonwealth . . 
Con.  Va.  &Oal.., 

Challenge 

Chollar 

Confidence 

Con.  Imperial.... 

Caledonia 

Crown  Point 

Crocker 

Del  Monte 

EureEaCon 

Exchequer 

Grand  Prize 

Gould  is  Cutry..., 
Hale  &  Norcross. . 

Julia 

Justice 

Kentuck 

Lady  Wash.. 

M  ono 

Mexican 

Navajo 

North  Belle  Isle.., 

Nev.  Queen 

Occidental 

Ophir 

Overman 

Potosi 

Peerless 

Peer 


S.B.&M 

Sierra  Nevada. . . 

Silver  Hill 

Scorpion 

(Tnion  Con 

trtaii 

7ellow  Jacket... 


Week 

Ending 
Mar.  6. 


l.CO 
1.20 


1.70 

2.70 

.55 

.50 

.20 

3.50 

4.40 

1.40 

2.15 

3.70 

35 


.90 
1.20 

45 
1.40 
2.55 

50 


50 
4.25 
1.30 

2  UO 

3.25 

35 

.20 

1.50 


1.35 
3  80 
.50 
.70 
1.35 
2.40 
.25 
.40 
.75 
.25 
.35 
3.25 


1.75 

.90 
1.45 

2.70 


1.10 
3.95 
1.05 
1.65 

;25 
.20 

1.55 
50 

2,31 


45.1 
l.CO 


2.25 
.60 
1  95 


Week 
Endinq 
Mu.  13. 


Week 
Ending 
Mar.  20 


3.76 
45 
60 
20 
2.30 
.20 
1.30 
.70 
.30 


1.15 

.40 

1.45 

2.50 

.50 

.45 

.15 

2,55 

4.15 

1.25 

2.00 

2,75 

.30 

.15 

1.50 

.30 

.80 

3.50 

45 

65 

1,30 

2,25 

i',25 
.75 
.30 


.85 
1.2il 


2  85 
.25 

1,00 
60 
90 

3,60 
.95 

1,70 
20 
20 

1,45 

1,25 

2.05 
.30 
20 

2  10 


1.00 
70 
90 

3.75 


1  45 

1.23 

2,00 

30 

05 

45 

1  90 


Week 

Ending 
Mot,  27, 


1,40 
2.50 
.GO 
.45 


1.15 
.50 
1.80 
2.80 
1.00 
.50 


2.60  2.85 

4.15  4.45 

1. 15  1.40 

2.10  2.90 

.75  .... 

.35  .40 

.20  .... 

1.60  1.95 

.26  .30 

.90  1.05 


1.25  l.oO 

2.30  2.80 

.35  .60 

1.30  .... 

.75  .... 

.30  .... 

.30  .... 

2.85  3.20 

,25  .... 

1.20  1.30 

65  .75 

80  .85 

3.70  4.10 

,85  1,05 

.00  3.80 

.15  .20 

.20  .,,, 

1  60  1,80 

1,00  1,60 

2.00  2.40 

30  .... 

15  .25 

2.10  2.30 

.46  .55 

1.90  2.05 


Attention,    Southern    California 
JMiners." 

WORKS   FOR   SALE. 

The  Works  are  situated  at  Daggett,  Cal.,  in  the 
Calico  Mining  District,  and  on  the  side-track  of  the 
Atlantic  and  Pacilic  Railroad.  They  contain  a  first- 
class  50-horse  power  Engine  and  45-horse  power 
boiler,  with  Ore  Crusher  and  other  machinery,  Mill 
Scales,  Assaying  Outfit,  etc.,  all  nearly  new.  Also 
upon  the  premises  an  office  building  and  a  comfort- 
able dwelling-house  (portable).  The  above  c^n  be 
had  at  a  bargain.  Apply  to  GILLISPY  &  CHILDS, 
123  California  St..  San  Francisco. 


Testing  and  Working  Silver  Ores 

An  illustrated  work  of  114  pa'^res,  for  miners  and  prog- 
peetore,  by  Chas.  H.  Aaron.  Mr.  Aaron  has  managed 
to  give  many  useful  hints  and  aug'gestions,  free  from 
all  technicalities,  and  in  such  a  style  as  to  be  easily 
comprehended.  It  is  written  for  the  miner,  with  no 
chemical  symbols  or  metallurgical  technicalities  to  con- 
fuse those  who  are  nut  chemists  or  metallurgists.  The 
followiug  summary  of  the  contents  of  the  work  will  give 
an  idea  of  Its  scope. 

Under  the  heading  of  the  first  chapter,  "Testing  Ores 
for  Silver/  we  find  paragraphs  on  ore  formation,  test  for 
silver,  with  heat  and  water,  acid  or  blow  pipe.  In  speak- 
ing of  testing  for  a  process,  the  extent  and  richness  of 
ore  is  considered,  smelting  ores,  selecting  and  working 
samples,  appliances  for  testing,  roasting,  etc.  Under 
the  head  of  "Working  Ores"  the  author  describes  Aaron's 
process,  has  something  to  say  of  superheated  eteam,  pre- 
paration of  dichloridc  of  copper  and  protochio ride  of  cop- 
per, use  of  copper  and  iron,  quantity  of  chemicals,  car- 
bonate of  lime,  chloride  ores,  amalgam,  Patchen's  pro- 
cess, etc.  He  also  describes  the  methods  of  working 
roasted  ores,  treatment  of  base  metals,  stirring,  heat  of 
furnace,  want  of  sulphur,  etc.  Under  the  head  of 
"Leaching  Processes"  are  the  titles  Smelting,  Mexican 
process,  Chilean  process,  Kroehnke's  process,  etc.  Under 
"Pulverizing  Machines"  are  describcil  the  aragtra  ami  its 
construction  and  operation,  stamp  battcriea,  screens, 
Crocker's  trip-hammer  battery,  Paul's  pulverizing  barrel, 
Kendall's  battery,  Voice's  pulverizer,  a  cheap  rock 
breaker,  etc. 

In  speaking  of 'amalgamators  the  author  describes  a 
cheap  amalgamator,  grinding  the  ore,  directions  formak- 
ing  a  barrel,  preventing  mechanica'  wear,  use  of  quick- 
silver, copper  in  bars,  Freiberg  barrel,  cheap  barrel 
trough,  barrel  on  rollers,  Aaron's  amalgamator,  separ- 
ator, etc. 

He  describes  an  improvised  retort,  roasting  furnace, 
furnace  tools  and  furnace  building.  Among  the  miscplla- 
neouB  mention  may  be  found  Aaron's  leaching  apparatus, 
with  two  or  three  different,  arrangements,  a  small  mill, 
sampling  tailings,  and  settling  tanks,  dichloride  of  cop- 
per, etc  Mr.  Aaron  is  a  practical  miner,  of  long  working 
experience  on  this  coast. 

Price,  post  free,  32.00.  Sold  by  Dewey  &  Co.,  Publish- 
ers. 220  Market  St 


Sales  at  San  Francisco  Stock  Exchange. 


Thursday.  Mar.  27,  9:30  a.  m. 

200  Alta 1.20 

300  Alpha 1  05 

685  Belcher 2.' 5 

200  E.  S  Belcher 2.95 

250  Bodie 50c 

2025  Bulhon 1.2^ 

400  Caledonia 25c 

400  ChaUeutre 1.60 

1050  ChoUar 3.25 

4'i  Confidence 3.00 

450  Crown  Point 2  15 

100  Con.  Imperial 40c 

4fi0  Cou.  Cal.  &  Va 4  50 

50  E.  S.  Nevada ICc 

1300  Exchequer 60c 

300  Grand  Prize 60c 

570  G.4C 1.60 

80O  Hale  &  Nor 2.95 

550  JuBtice 1  40 


lO^O  Julia 50c 

300  KentucK 80c 

420  Meiic-in   3.50 

200  Mt.  Diablo 2.f0 

200  Nev.  Queeu 65c 

200  Occident 1.00 

350  Ophir 4.20 

.^00  Overman 1.15 

100  Peer 20c 

50  Peerless 15c 

1810  Potoei 4.55 

50  S.F.Gas 57.50 

830  Savage 1.90 

50  Scorpion  S5c 

1050  S.B.icM 1.50 

400  Sierra  Nevada 2.50 

100  Silver  HiU 30c 

250  Utah 55c 

340  Union 2.45 

470  Yellow  Jacket 2.25 


Lnmber. 

Fine,  Plr  and  Spruce. 

RRTilL. 

Rough  Pine,  merchantable,  40  ft ?20  00 

41  to  50  ft 21  00 

61  to  60  ft 23  00 

61  to  70  ft 27  00 

1x3,  fencing 22  00 

1x4,       "       21  00 

1x3, 1x4  and  1x6,  odd  lengths 19  00 

Second  quality 17  00 

Selected 24  00  ' 

Clear,  except  for  flooring 31  00 

Clear  for  flooring 2  00 

Clear  T.G.  No.  1  flooring 6  00 

Fb-ewood 1*  00 

Dressed  Pine,  floooring,  No.  1, 1x6. . .  32  00 

No.  1,1x4 34  00 

No.  1,  lix4,  lix6,  and  odd  sizes 37  00 

All  sizes.  No.  2 27  00 

Stepping,  No.  1  4*  00 

Stepping,  No.  2 34  00 

Ship  timber  and  plank,  rough 27  00 

Selected. planed  1  side,  av'ge  40  ft. .  29  00 

<.      "^  .<       2  "  "       "  "    .  31  00 

"       3  "         "      "  "  ..  33  00 

..  <»       4   t«         "      "**  ..  35  00 


JOBBiKG. 

$17  00 

18  00 

20  00 

21  00 

19  00 

IS  00 

16  00 

16  OO 

22  00 

28  00 

'io'oo 

29  00 

30  00 

33  00 

24  00 

35  00 

26  00 

18  00 

24  00 

26  00 

28  00 

30  00 

Complimentary  Samples. 

FerBOna  receiving  thia  paper  marked  are  re- 
quested  to  ezamiDe  ita  conteDts,  terms  of  sab- 
Boription,  and  give  it  their  own  patronage,  and, 
3£  far  as  practicable,  aid  in  circulating  the 
jonmal,  and  making  its  value  more  widely 
known  to  others,  and  extending  its  influence  in 
the  cause  it  faithfully  serves.  Subscription 
rate,  $3.00  a  year.  Extra  copies  mailed  for  10 
cents,  If  ordered  soon  enough.  If  already  a 
lubaoriber,  pleue  show  the  paper  to  otben. 


Books  on  Working  Ores. 

By  Guido  Kustel,  M.  E. 

Boasting  of  Gold  and  Stl\'br  Of.es  (Second  Edition)  and 
the    Extraction    of    their    Respective    Metals    without 
Quicksilver.     By  Guido  Kubtkl,  M.  E.     1880. 
This  rare  book  on  the  treatment  of  gold  and  silver  ore 
without  quicksilver  is  lihcrally  illustrated  and  crammed 
fullcf  f.'\ct3.     It  ."ives  short  and  conci-ie  descriptions  of 
various  processes  and  apparatus  employed  in  this  country 
and  in  Europe,  and  the  why  and  wherefore.    It  contains  l&fl 
pagei,  embracing  Illustrations  of  furnaces,  supplements 
and  working  apparatus.     It  is  a  work  of  great  merit,  by 
an  author  whose  re  putation  is  nnsuri'fvased  in  his  specialty 
Pricf.,  S3,  coin,  postage  free.    Sold  by  Dbwby  iS.  Co  ,  Pub- 
lishers) 220  UarKet  St  ,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

By  C.  H,  Aaron. 

Aaron's  LRACHi.-«a  Gold  and  Silvrr  Ores,  the  most 
complete  hand-book  on  the  subject  extant;  164  pages 
octavo.  Illustrated  by  12  lithographic  engravings  and 
four  wood  cuts.  FiUly  indexed.  Plainly  vsTitten  for 
i^aeticai  men.    In  cloth,  SS.    Sold  hv  Drwkv  &  Co.,  S.  F. 


Practical  Treatise  on   Hydraulic  Mining. 

Bt  AUG.  J.  BOWIE,  Jr. 

This  new  and  important  book  is  on  the  use  anf*  con- 
struction of  Ditches,  Flumes,  Dams,  Pipes,  Flow  of  Water 
on  Heavy  Grades,  methods  of  mining  shallow  and  deep 
placers,  history  and  development  of  mines,  records  of 
gold  washing,  mechanical  appliances,  such  as  nozzles, 
burdy-gurdys,  rockers,  undercurrents,  etc.;  also  describes 
methods  of  blasting;  tunnels  and  sluices;  tailings  and 
dump;  duty  of  miners'  inch,  etc.  A  very  practical  work 
for  gold  miners  and  users  of  water.  Price,  $5,  poet-paid 
For  sale  by  Dbwet  &  Co.,  Publishers,  290  Market  St.,  San 
Franolflco. 


Paul's  Dry  Amalgamating  Process 

Will  work  grid  ores  to  a  high  per  cent,  and  gather  jlour 
gold  with  the  eame  readiness  as  the  coarser,  whether 
free  or  atsaciated  with  iron,  copper,  lead,  antimony  or 
zinc,  or  altogtther  in  one  matrix,  auU  produce  bullion 
free  of  mill  or  all  of  tlie  haxe  iiietah,  b-as  natitral  aitcyn. 

It  will  work  silver  ores,  carrying  any  of  the  base 
metals,  to  a  higher  percentage  than-  any  system  of  raie 
amalgamation,  and  produce  bidUcn  'J5O-1O00  fine. 

For  particulars  address  ALMABJN  B.  PAUL,  Middle 
Creek  P.  0.,  Shasta  Countv,  Cal. 


A  MIDDLE-AGED  MAN  BY  THE  NAME  OP  JOSEPH 
McLEARN,  Miner,  left  Nova  Scotia  17  years  ago  for 
Califoroia.  His  friends  would  be  thankful  to  any  person 
who  could  give  any  information  concerning  his  where- 
abouts. 


TH0R0U3HLY  COMPETENT  MILLMAN  AND 
Aseayer  of  iiO  3'ears' experience  in  putting  up  and 
running  Gold  and  ^silver  Mills  aod  Concentration  Works 
desires  a  situation  in  Mill  or  tn  take  charge  of  Mill  and 
Mine.     Best  References.     A.  II.,  Box  2.517,  San  Francisco. 


are  requested  to  be  sure  and  notify  us 
when  this  pager  is  not  taken  unm 
their  office.    If  not  stopped  promptly 

through  overalght  or  other  mishap})  do  ua  the  (aTor  to 

write  ftgaln. 


Postmasters; 


Mab.  39,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


225 


Dewey  &  Co.'s  Scientific  Press 
Patent  Agency. 


OCB  U.  S.  AND  Foreign  Patent  Agency 
presents  many  and  important  advantages  as  a 
Home  AKODoy  over  all  others,  by  reason  of  long 
eatablishment,  great  experience,  thorough  sys- 
tem, intimate  acquaintance  with  the  subjects  of 
inventions  in  our  own  community,  and  onr 
moat  e^teosive  law  and  reference  library,  con- 
taining oflBcial  American  and  foreign  reports, 
files  of  scientific  and  mechanical  publications, 
etc.  All  worthy  inventions  patented  through 
our  Agency  will  have  the  benefit  of  an  illnstra* 
tion  or  a  description  in  the  Mining  and  Scien- 
tific Presh.  We  transact  every  branch  of 
Patent  business,  and  obtain  Patents  in  all  coun- 
tries which  grant  protection  to  inventors.  The 
large  majority  of  U.S.  and  Foreign 'Patents 
issued  to  inventors  on  the  Pacific  Ooast  have 
been  obtained  through  onr  Agency.  We  can 
give  the  best  and  most  reliable  advice  as  to  the 
patentability 'of  new  inventions.  Our  prices 
are  as  low  as  any  first-class,  agencies  in  the 
Eastern  States,  while  onr  advantages  for  Pacific 
Coast  inventors  are  far  superior.  Advice  and 
Oironlara  free. 

DEWEY  &  CO.,  Patent  Agents, 

220  Market  St.,  Elevator.  12  Front  St. 

Telephone  No.  658. 
a.  t.  dewey,       w.  b.  ewer.      geo.  h.  s^ 


S.F 


PRACTICAL 

Books  on  Mining 

AND  IRRIGATION. 

Descriptive  Catolo^o  and  Ctroulars  of  Books  relating 
to  Aauaylnt;,  Mlniog,  Electricity  and  Mecbauical  Eo^ineer- 
iog,  seut  free  on  application. 

E.  &  F.  N.  SPON,  Publishers, 

12  Oortlandt  St.,  New  York. 


HORACE  D.  RANLETT, 

Ores,  Mining,  and  Commission, 

420  MontBomery  St..  S.  F. 

Shipa  under  advances  to  emclting  works  in  Boston, 
New  York,  Baltimore  and  Liverpool. 

Twenty-one  years'  experience  in  Shipping  Ores  and 
Managing  Mines- 
Solicits  Consignments  ot  Copper  Produce  and  Man^e- 
ment  of  Mln'ng  Matters, 

All  business  conducted  on  Cash  Basis. 

Purchase  and  shipment  of  Mining  Supplies  A  Spbcialtt. 

Sales  of  Developed  Copper  Mines  undertaken. 

Business  Manager  of  UWION  COPPER  MINE,  Copper- 
opolis,  Cal. ;  NEWTON  COPPER  MINE,  Amador  Co. ,  CftI, 


Great  Variety  of  SHOT  GUNS.  RIFLES, 

etc.    Breech-Loaders  from  $i  to  $100. 
SEND    STAMPS    FOR    PRICE    LISTS. 

GEO.  W.  SHREVE, 

625  Kearny  Street,        San  Francisco,  Oal. 


TUBBS  CORDAGE  CO. 

(A  Corporation.) 

Constantly  on  hand  a  full  aaaortment  of  Manila  Rope, 
Duplex  Rope,  Tarred  Manila  Rope,  Hay  Rope,  Wbale  Line, 
etc.,  etc. 

Extra  Blzea  and  leng:ths  made  to  order  on  short  notice. 

611  &  613  Front  St.,  San  'FrancUco,  Cal, 


THE  RUSSELL  PROCESS  COMP'Y. 

TALCOTT  H.  RUSSELL,  Secretary, 
NEW  HAVEN  CONN. 

p.  6.  Box  496. 

One  Ohmen'a    12x12   Automa'lo   Engine; 
best  style  in  usn    Also,  1  Boiler  4S  in.  x  16  (t.  Both  nearly 
new.    Apply  to     J.  W.  QOICK,  221  First  St., 
(Top  Floor)  San  Francisco,  Oal. 


RUBBER  FACTO  RY.  cnrirp—EY 


w.f:6owers>-  go. 

AGENTS 


Monarch  Belting. 

The  PUos  of  thU  Belt  arc 

UNITED  by  COTTON  RIVETS 

Which  hold  them  flrmly  togotber. 

Each  Rivet  is  Independent 

And  Follows  the  Stretoli. 

THERE  ARE   NO   STITCHES 

TO  BREAK,  and ' 

The    Belt    has    a    Smooth 

Surface. 

Hose,  Belting,  Packing,  Etc. 

ALL  KINDS  OF  RUBBER  GOODS  MADE  TO  ORDER  IN  A  FEW  HOURS. 

W  F.  BOWERS  &  CO..  409  Market  St..  San  Francisco. 


»H«"l4lii;al«4jriHMMIWli.MiuitJStai'iti|Jli 


FRISBEE-LUCOP  MILL  CO., 


-MANDPACTURBRS    OF- 


Centrifugal  Roller  Steel  Mills, 

FOR  PULVERIZING  ORES,  WET  OR  DRY, 

For  Amalgamation  or  Concentration,  and  for  Manufacture  of  Cement,  Fertilizers,  Paint, 
and  all  other  purposes  for  which  grinding  or  pulverizing  is  required. 

Send  for  Catalogue  and  Price  List  to 

FRISBBE  -  LUCOP    MILL    CO., 

145    BROADWAY,    NEW    YORK. 


ESTABLISHED    1866. 


Pacific  Chemical  Works 

HENRY    G.    HANKS, 

Practical  and  Industrial  Gbemist,  Assayer 
and  Geologist, 


718  MONTGOMERY  ST., 


SAN  FRANCISCO. 


^arWiU  report  on  the  condition  and  value  of  aoy  minlog  property  on 
the  Pacific  Coaat.  Rare  Chemicals  made  to  order.  InBtructiooB  given  in 
AsBayine  and  Practical  Chemistry 


Daj's  Improved  Quartz  Stamp  Mill. 

This  Mill  is  designed  for  the  Prospector,  the  Assayer  and 
Sampler  of  Gold  and  Silver-bearing  rock.  It  is  a  perfect  mlil. 
built  entirely  ot  metals,  and  of  the  best  mechanical  construc- 
tion; will  amalgamate  perfectly  in  the  battery  oi'  on  plates. 
It  strikes  a  sharp,  heavy  blow  with  a  light  stamp.  Shipping 
iveight,  225  lbs.    Price  i:75.    Address 

o*  .A.  ivE  x:  JS     ID  .A.  "^sr , 

p.  O.  Box  2^i,  Cfaico,  Butte  Co.,  Oal. 

N.  B.— Chapparell.  Butte  Co.,  Cal.,  Nov.  10,  J889.— Mr.  Jas. 
Day,  Chico:  The  litile  mill  is  a  daisy:  it  comes  up  to  all  ex- 
pectations; it  works  perfect  in  all  respects.    Yours  truly. 

Walker,  Reese  &  Co.    ' 


FOR  SALE  CHEAP. 


One  new  double  circular  Sawmill  to  carry  60-inch  bot- 
tom saw,  with  wrought-iron  bangers  for  top  saw.  Fric- 
tion feed-workB,  patent  steel  screw  double-throw  head- 
blocks,  with  track  iron,  saw  carriage  and  frame  complete. 

BISDON  IRON  &  LOCOMOTIVE  WORKS, 

San  Francleco,  Oal. 


Tioga  District   Mining  Company, 

Incorporated  June  11,1889.     Capitol  Stock,  810,000,000, 
BUY  AND  SELL 

California  Gold,  Sliver,  Quicksilver,  Copper 
and  Lead  Mines 

OP    ASCERTAINED    VALUE. 

Office,  Nn.  13  PARROTT'S  BUILDING,  N.  W. 

Corner  of  California  and  Montgomery  Streets, 

SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 

WM.  B.  WIGHTMAN.  Pres.      WM.  H.  V.  CRONISE,  Sec. 


Tlio  tnitrrftvluK  huronith  lUiifitra'cs  a  new  Kftlng  aiipuratuK 
of  that  Vlu'l  Iti  vvhioli  t^ruat  p  >wur  is  uec«eaury,  and  wliirji 
will  ataul  and  liijld  tli«  lo;i.l  at  any  point  whyro  It  la  lelt. 
An  tliociiKttviiiji  aliow-s.  tbcM  in  n  imlli'jr  over  wliich  tho 
liltinjj  cluitu  ! -isfltrs,  liud  tiiiuu  the  sauiv  itliuft  two  iiuar 
wlioolH.  80  filed  tliftt  their  tt-eth  »ltcmato-tlmt  in,  tbe  t<;«th 
of  uuo  Mln;elf(>rrtM5i)..nd  wltli  tiiu  ciiaccH  of  thu  otbur.  Tim 
pullvy  on  tliB  tlk'bt,  over  wlilcli  Ihu  eudlesn  actuatiuK  chalu 
l-aBsuB.  is  flxi'd  to  a  ulitift,  wJdcli  bafi  »*hort  crank  arnia 
loniiiHl  upon  it.  cwrrvsroiid  with  th«  gi-ar  w1k-u1h  uud  with 
tlieolzoof  thtlrteetli,  «u  lliat  wiun  thu  eluift  1b  rotaltd  the 
crank  aruiB  or  jiin  b  euBttKu  tho  tet-th  of  thi.i  tjear  wheels,  one 
after  t)i«  utliur.  iiud  thii8  ailvaucv  t)iu  cliaiii  puUey,  Tliia 
duTiw  uIh.i  forms  a  perfect  luck  wheu  Itft  i*t  un    jiolnt. 

Tint  lii>iiiChii.'-chiiiu  I'uUvy.  I'hiced  betwien  tl>«  large  gufti 
wIuc'Ih.  hrlutiK  tho  weight  riglit  under  the  si)ii|iortiDg-hook 
aud  baluucua  thu  mucbinu.  Tliu  optrutur  niuy  rUind  on  onu 
«tdt5  ami  tiiknl  on  the  cbain, 
aud  ncfd  nnt  hti  riuht  under 
tbi;  iiiiiioratuH.  Tbo  d«viue 
|H  BimrU'.  coniiiact.  strong 
and  tlVtctlve.  und  ia  <niito 
iiigontuUM  in  •k'^i^,  Tucftu 
machinea  hiiv«  lately  beta 
put  on  the  market  and  aro 
niad*^^  here.  Thu  iuTtution 
evidently  improves,  in  li 
large  degree,  tho  construc- 
tion of  ditlorfntia)  cliulu 
poUeys,  luakeB  them  less  in 
coBt,  wuigbt,  Mt-nr,  and  re- 
pairH,  Bud  easy  of  handling 
and  oinj'atioK.  The  new 
device  is  worthy  of  the  at- 
tention of  manufacturers 
tiod  all  users  of  eucb  arti- 
cles. The  Bizefora 
half-ton  lift  welRba 
only  about  thirty 
ponndti. 

ffa.'' AGENTS 
WANTED. 


H.  EVANS    &  CO. 

(SucceBsors  to  THOMSON  &  EVANS), 

110  and   112   Beale   Street,  S.  F. 

machine;  works, 

steam  Pumps,  Steam  Engines 

aud  all  kinds  of  MACHINERY. 


KROGH'S  MINING  HORSE-POWER  HOIST 


Ib  known  to  he  the 
Beat  Horse-Power 
Hoist  now  made. 
It  is  strong  and 
durable. 

The  drum  will 
cairy  1000  ftet  of 
fivo-eightha  stpel 
rope.  It  can  be 
used  to  run  a 
pump-  or  blower, 
in  conjunction 
with  hoisting 
Manufactured  by 

F.f.Kroirr' 

51    BEALE    ST  , 
San  Francisco 


226 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press.^ 


[Mar.  29,  1890 


Fouvdecl  by  Mathetc  Careii,  17S5. 

HENRY  CAREY  BAIRD  &  CO., 

Industrial     pQbltshers,     Bookeellers     and 

Importers, 
810  TTalDut  St.,  Philadelphia,  Va.,  TJ.  S.  A. 

ggf  Our  new  and  Ucvlsed  Catalogue  of  Practical  and 
Scientific  Books,  84  pagPB,  Svo.,and  our  other  Catalo;^ues 
and  Circulars,  tlie  whole  covering,''  every  branch  of 
Science  applied  to  the  arts,  sent  free  and  free  of  postage 
to  any  one  in  any  part  of  the  world  who  will  furnish  his 
address. 


WATER  TANKS.     WINE  TANKS  I 

CALIFORNIA    WINE    COOPERAGE     CO. 

FULDA  BROS.,  Proprietors, 

SO  to  40  Spear  St.,  San  Francieco. 

ALL  KINDS  OF  CASKS,  TANKS,  Etc. 

jySHip,  Mining,  and  Watbr  Tanes  a  Specialty.*^ 


RIX  k  FIRTH, 

225  and  227  First  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

Compressed  Air  and  Wafer  Power 
Machinery. 


KNIGHT'S  WATER  WHEEL, 

For  Mills,  Pumping  and  Hoisting. 

OVER    SOO  IN    USB. 
AU  estimates  graaranteed.    Seud  for  Circular. 


The  Celebrated  H.  H.  H  Liniment. 


The  H.  H.  H.  Liniment  Is  lor  the  treatment  ol 
the  Aches  and  Paina  ol  Humanity,  as  well  as  for  the  ail- 
ments of  the  heasts  of  the  fields.  Testlmontala  from 
importers  and  breeders  of  blooded  stock  prove  Its  won- 
derful curative  properties.  No  man  has  ever  used  it  for 
an  aohe  or  pain  ana  been  dlssatis&ed. 

H.  H.  MOORE  St  SONS,  Stockton,  Cal.,  Proprletote. 
For  Salb  bt  all  BRtraoisTB. 


The  Best  Mining  District 

On  the  Pacific  Coast  ! 

GRASS   VALLEY,  GAL. 


THE  BEST  NEWSPAPER  published   in  the   district  is 

T:h:E2    T["I33X3>a-GrS, 

Daily  and  Weekly  edition.  Gives  all  the  MinloK  News, 
Dealers  in  Mining  Machinery  and  Mininfj  Supplies  will 
find  THE  TIDINGS  the  best  medium  for  directly  reach- 
irig  the  owners  or  managers  of  miues.  Investors  iu 
mines  will  find  it  to  their  advantage  to  subscribe. 

Many  mines  are  in  successful  operation,  and  new 
enterprises  are  being  instituted  and  many  others  are  in 
contemplation. 

DAILY,  S6  00  a  year;  WEEKLY.  S2  50.  m  advmicc. 
H.  S.  SPaULDING,  Publisher. 

T.  C.  HOCKING,  Editor. 


VAN   DUZEN'S 

STEAMjetPUMP 

For  IValor  Nii|>|»lr  TanDss. 

Foi['I''iro  f*iiui|>  oil  1'atrtl  oi-S\viiv]iKug:iuo»<. 

For  S<oiiii(l  ll«»iiH(>  t'fieneriil  '%%'orn. 

Vor  l>r»iniii(;  1'oiiUh,  Fils.  l'«»a'4-i-  at:inis.  etc. 

10  SixcM.     87  lo  (*~5-     TlioUKiiinls  iu    use. 

Write  for  ItL'scriptivn  Pump  <_iil-u1;ii, 

VAN   DUZEN  A  TIFT,  CINCINNATI,  O. 


INVENTORS,      TAKE       NOTICE  1 

L.  petersonTmodel  maker, 

263  Market  St.,"N.  E.  cor.  Front  (up  stairs),  San    Francsico 
Experioieiital  machinery  and  all  kinds  of  models.  Tin 
and  brasswork.    All  commuuicationa  strictly  ca7ifiden- 
tiai. 


PACIFIC    ROLLING   MILL    CO., 


..MANOFACTDRKBfl  OF 


UP   TO   20,000   LBS,    WEIGHT. 

Tme  to  pattern  and  superior  in  etrenffth,  tougbneBS  and  durability  to  OBHt  or  Wrought 
Iron  In  a^y  position  or  for  any  service. 

GEARINGS,  SHOES,  DIES,  CAMS,  TAPPETS,  PISTON-HEADS,  RAILROAD  and  MA- 
CHINERY CASTINGS  of  Every  Description. 


HOMOGENEOUS  STEEL. 


SOFT  and  DUCTILE, 

SUPERIOR  TO  IRON  FOR 


LOCOMOTIVE  AND  IViARINE  F0RGING8. 

ALSO  Steel  Rods,  from  ^  to  3  inch  diameter  and  Flats  from  1  to  S  Inch.  Angles,  Tees,  Channels  and  other  shape 
Steel  Wagon,  Buggy,  and  Truck  Tires,  Plow  Steel;  Machinerj'  and  Special  Shape  Steel  to  size  and  lengths 
STE£L  RAILS  from  12  to  45  pounds  per  yard.  ALSO,  Railroad  and  Merchant  Iron,  Rolled 
Beams,  Angle,  Channel,  and  T  iron,  Bridge  and  Machine  Bolts,  Lag  Screws,  Nuts,  Washers,  Ship  and  Boat 
Spikes;  Steamboat  Shafts,  Cranks,  Pistons,  Connecting  Rods,  etc.  Car  and  Locomotive  Axles  and  Frames, 
and  Iron  Forgings  of  all  kinds,  Iron  and  Steel  Bridge  and  Roof  Work  a  Specialty. 

HIGHEST  PRICE  PAID  FOR  SCRAP  IKON  AND  STBBIt. 

US'  Orders  will  have  prompt  attention.     Send  for  batalogucs.     Address 

PACIFIC  ROLUNG  MILL  CO.,  202  Market  St.,  San  Francisco. 


FULTON 

HINOKLEY, 


Offioe,   8X3    X*x-e: 


IRON    WORKS, 

SPIERS   &   HAYES,  Proprietors. 


[ESTABLISHED    IN    1855.] 


)Sa,xx   X"x*A<a3.olsoo. 


— MANUFACTURBRS    OF— 


TUSTIN'S    PULVERIZER. 


MARINE  ENGINES  AND  BOILBRS.- 
Propeller  Engines,  either  High  Pressure  or  Compound, 
Stern  or  Side-wheel  Engines. 

MINING  MAGHINERY.-Holstlng  Engines  and 
Works,  Cages,  Or©  Buckets,  Ore  Cars,  Pumping  Engines 
and  Pumps,  Water  Buokets,  Pump  Colunms,  Air  Com- 
pressors, Air  Reoeivers,  Air  Pipes. 

MILL,  MACHINERY.— Batteries  for  Dry  or  Wet 
Crushing,  Amalgamating  Pans,  Settlers,  Furnaces,  Re- 
torts, Concentrators,  Ore  Feeders,  Roek  Breakers,  Fur- 
naces for  Reducing  Ores,  Water  Jackets,  etc. 

MISCELLANEOUS  MAOHINERY.-Flour 
Mill  Machinery,  Saw  Mill  Engines  and  Boilers,  Dredging 
Machinery,  Powder  Mill  Machinery,  Water  Wheels. 

Tustin's  Pulverizer 

WORKS  ORE  WET  OR  DRY. 


ENGINESiBOILERS 

OF    ALL     KINDS, 

Either  for  use  on  Steamboats  or  for  nae  on  Land. 

Water  Pipe,  Pump  or  Air  ColTunns,  Fish 
Tanks  for  Salmon  Canneries 

OF   BVERT   DESCRIPTION. 

Boiler  Repairs  Promptly  attended  to  and  at  very  moaerate  ratiea 

AQBNTS  FOR  TDK  PACIFIC  COAST  FOR  THB 

X>0CI;X3.0    Ste^.333.   Ft:l333.-c3. 

SPECIALTIES : 

CorllBS  Engines  and  Tnstin  Ore  Pulverizers.  DBANB    STEAM    PUMP. 

Agents  and  Manufacturers  of  the  Llewellyn  Peed  Water  Purifier  and  Heater. 


THE  GIANT  POWDER  COMPANY 

Manufacture  Three  Kinda  of  Powder,  which  are  acknowledged  by  all  the  Great  Chemiata  of  the  World  aa 

The  Safest  and  Strongest  High  Explosives  In  the  Market. 

Of  Different  Strengths  as  Required. 

NOBEL'S    EXPIiOSIVE;     GULATINI;,"    which  contains    94   per  cent  of  Nltro-OIyoerlne,  and 

OXHiATINIl-DYNAMITl:,  Stronger  than  Dynamite  and  even  Safer  in  Handling. 

JUDSON  POWDER  IMPROVED. 

FOR  RAILROADS  AND  LAND  CLEARING.  Is  from  three  to  four  times  stronger  than  ordinary  Blast- 
ing Powder,  and  is  used  by  all  the  Railroads  and  Gravel  Claims,  as  it  breaks  more  ground,  pulverizes  better  and 
saves  time  and  money.    It  is  as  dry  as  the  ordinary  Blasting  Powder  and  runs  as  freely. 

BANDMANN,  NIELSEN  &  CO., 

OAPH  «nd  UTISE  for  Rale  QENBRAL  AGENTS,  HAN  FKANCISCO    OAL. 


Ik^^ 


QUARTZ  SCREENS 


A  specialty.  Round,  slot 
Or  burred  slot  holes.  Gen- 
uine Russia  Iron,  Homo- 
geneous Steel,  Cast  Steel  or  ' 
American  planished  Iron. 
Zinc,  Copper  or  Brass  Screens  for  all  purposes.  Cali- 
fornia Perforating  Screen  Co.,  14B  &  147  Beale  St ,  S.  P. 


COAL  MINES  OF  THE  WESTERN  COAST. 

A  lew  copies  of  this  work,  the  only  one  over  published 
treating  of  Pacific  Coast  Coal  Mining,  have  been  ob- 
tained, and  are  for  sale  at  this  office  for  $2.b0  per  copy. 
It  was  written  by  W.  A.  Goodyear,  Mining  and  Civil 
Engineer,  formerly  of  the  California  State  Geologioal 
Survey. 


N.  W.  SPAULDING 

Manufacturers  of 
SPAULDING'S 

Inserted  Tootb 

AND 

CHISEL    BIT 

CIRCULAR 


Saws. 


SAW  MILLS   AND   MACHINERY 

Of  all  kinds  made  to  order.    Send  for  Descriptive  Cata 
logue.    17  and  10  Fremont  St.,  San  Franclaoo 


Irop  apd  ^acliipe  Itforlt^. 


CALIFORNIA    MACHINE    WORKS, 

WM.  H.  BIRCH  &  CO., 

ENGINEERS     AND    MACHINISTS, 


No.  119  Beale  St., 


San  Francisco. 


BniLDBRB  OF 

Steam  Engines,  Saw  Mills,  Mining  Machinery,  Dredging 
Machines,  Rock  Crushers,  Cable  Railway  Machinery, 
Ellithorp  Air  Brake  Co.'s  Patent  Steam  and  Hydraulic 
Elevators,  Air  Cushions  and  Air  Brakes.  POSITIVE 
SAFETIES.  Improved  Ram  Elevators,  Sidewalk  and 
Hand  Hoists.  B.  E.  Henrickson's  Patent  Automatic 
Safety  Catches. 

Machines  of  all  kinds  Made  and  Repaired. 
Orders  Solicited. 


^       AMEKIOAN       ^; 

MACHINE  AND  MODEL  WORKS. 

OEER    CUTTING,    ETC. 

3Vi:.A.ozxx3\rxs     "fooxjS. 

We  have  sold  the  most  of  a  car-load  at  a  profit  sufficient, 
to  warrant  the  sale  of  the  remainder  at  Eastern  cost 
prices.  The  balance  consists  rf  one  second-hand  4  foot 
iron  Planer,  one  Drill  Press,  large  and  small  Screw- 
Cutting  Lathes,  one  Blacksmith's  Bellows,  Shafting, 
Belting,  etc 

I.  A.  HEALD, 

108  Main  Street.  San  FranciBco. 

Golden  State  &  Miners  Iron  Works. 


Uannraotore  Iron  Osstlnss  and  Machinery 
of  all  Kinds  at  Oreatly  Bednced  Bates. 

STEVENSON'S  PATENT 

Mold-Board  AMALaAMATOBS, 
Golden  State  Pressure  Blowers. 

Birst  St.,  between  Howard  A  Folsom,  8.  F. 


FBOHAS  THOMPSON 


THORNTON  THOMPSON 


THOMPSON    BROTHERS. 

EUREKA    FOUNDRY, 

129  and  ISl  Beale  St.,  between  Uissibn  and  Howard,  S.F 

■ANnFAOTURBRB  OP  OABTINOS  OF  HVKIT  DBSORIPTION. 


tdlicational. 


"Fixe    £S'\7'£LXXSi    SoiliooX 

OF 

ASSAYING    AND    CHEMISTRY, 

Rooms  46  4  47,  )  628  Moottfomery  St. 

2il  Floor  Montgomery  El'k.  f       San  Francisco, 
Also,  Evening  Classes,  7  to  10  o'clock. 

JOHN  T.  EVANS,  M.  A.,  Principal. 


School  of  Practical,  Civil,  Mechanical  and 
MINING  ENGINEERING, 

SiirYeTiiii,  ArcMtsctnre,  Drawing  aM  Assaying 

723    MARKET    STREET, 

The  History  Building,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

A.  VAN  DEK  NAILLEN,  President. 

Assaying  o(  Ores,  $26;  Bullion  and  Chlorination  Assay, 

S25;  Blowpipe  Assay,  §10.    Full  course  of  assaying,  ,50. 

i^Send  for  circular. 


HEALDS 


BUSINESS     OOLLBQE, 

24  POST  ST.,  S.  P. 

FOR  SBVKNTT-FIVE  DOI.LABS  THIS 
College  Instructs  In  Shorthand,  Type  Writing,  Book- 
ioeplng.  Telegraphy,  Penmanship,  Drawing,  all  the  En- 
glish branches,  and  everything  pertaining  to  business, 
for  six  full  months.  We  have  sixteen  teachers,  and  give 
Individual' inetruotlon  to  all  our  pupils.  Oar  BGhool  has 
its  graduates  In  every  part  of  ths  State. 
iHTSiiin)  FOR  CiRcniiAR. 

E.  P.  HEALD,  President. 
f^.  9.  HAIiRT.  Secretary. 


Mining    Engineers. 


W.  A.  GOODYEAR, 

Oivil   and    Mining'    Engineer, 

MININO  EXPERT  akd  GEOLOQIST. 

Business  Box  A,"  office  of  this  paper,  San 


Address 
Francisco. 


ROSS   B.  BROWNE, 

Mining  and  Hydraulic  Engineer, 

No.  307  Sansomb  St.,  San  Frahoiboo. 


GRANGER'S  ROLLER  STAMP  MiLl 

Beats  them  all.  "Works  dry  ores.   Slakes  pt  en  gran- 
ulation.   H'o  dead  work,  Iieuce  minimum  wear. 

.  A.  P.  GP^NGER,  Denver,  Colo. 


GRANGER'S  DRY  ORE  SEPARATOR 

Tlic  very  bO!=t.  Uses  no  water.  No  freo?.ing  up. 
Saves  hauling  waste.  Saves  high  perccnlage.  Send 
for  circulars. 

A.  V.  GKANGEn,  Denver,  Colo. 


Mak.  29,  1890.] 


/JACIFie  I^URAb  fRESa 


227 


PARKE    &    LACY   COMPANY 

IMPORTBBS  AND  MANOPACTORBRa  OP 

MINING,    MILL    and    GENERAL     MACHINERY. 


ENGINES,  BOILERS,  STEAM  PUMPS, 

AIR  COMPRESSORS,  ROOK  DRILLS, 
WALL'S  CRUSHING  ROLLS, 

CONCENTRATORS,  PULVERIZERS, 
TURBINE  WATER  WHEELS, 

ROCK  BREAKERS,  DRY  JIGS. 


Bullock's  Diamond  Drills 


GOLDEN  GATE  CONCENTRATORS, 

GREATEST  CAPACITY  OF   ANY  CONCENTRATOR  MADE, 
One  Machine  Taking  Pulp  from  10  Stamps. 


SAW    MILLS,    MACHINE    TOOLS, 
PLANING  MILLS,  INJECTORS  and  EJECTORS 
BELTING,  PACKING,  OILS,  LUBRICATORS, 
FIRE    EXTINGUISHERS, 
CENTRIFUGAL   PUMPS 
ROTARY  PUMPS,  GANG  EDGERS, 
CAMPBELL'S    STEAM    FEEDS, 
MILL    and    MINE    SUPPLIES. 


ox:3>a'x:zi..A.Xj    .^loxskj-t's    I'on 


WESTINGHOUSE     AUTOMATIC     ENGINES. 


SALES  DURING  LAST  FOUR  MONTHS: 

COMPOUND,  ,...**^SUiiV^^.^.  STANDARD.  ,,oo''I.^^Siro%.n.  JUNIOR,  «e„*«HV/sg'?o"^KK. 

Omnd.    fTota,!,    3O0    3Sn.Blxieis,    .A-ss^egAtlue   X3,»VS    XXorise    3E»ox>D-er. 


21  and  23  Fremont  St.,  San  Prancisco,  Cal. 


NOTICE  TO  GOLD  MINERS! 


F^oir  f&jsjxriisrcsr  C3rOiLir>z 


189  Clarence  St.,  Sydney,  N.  S.  W. 

"JUSTINIAN  CAIRXAgeiTC 

521  &  523  Market  St.,  San  Franci$co, 


Assayers'  and  MiniDg  Material. 


-UANUFACTOKKR    OF— 


IN   QUARTZ,  GHAVEL,  OR  PLACER  MINES.  MADE  OP  BEST  SOFT  LAKE      UPERIOB  COPPER 

-A.T     M3I>XJ0:E3I>      3F>X1.X0£3S. 

Our  plates  are  guaranteed,  and  by  actual  experience  are  proved,  the   beso  in  weight   of  Sll-    BATTERY   SCREENS   AND   WIRE   CLOTH 

ver  apd  durability.     Old  Mining  Plates  Replated,  Bought,  or  Gold  Separated.    THOUSANDS 

OF    ORDERS    FILLED.  

SAN    FRANCISCO    NOVELTY,  GOLD,  SILVER    AND    NICKEL    PLATING  WORKS,  ^en*  *<«  HOSKINS' 

108  and  1 12  First  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.  HYDRO-CARBON    ASSAY   FURNACES 

^  SEND  FOR  CIRCULARS.  ...  v  «.«  iivxio 

IMPORTANT  TO  GOLD  MINERS! 

SILVER-PLATED  AMALGAM  PLATES  for  SAVING  GOLD 

IN    QUARTZ,    GRAVEL    AND    PLACER    MINING. 
PRICES  GREATLY  REDUCED. 

Only  Refined  Silver  and  Best  Copper  used,    Over  3000  Orders  filled,    Fifteen  Medals  Awarded,    Old  Mining  Plates  can   be 

Replated,    Old  Plates  Bonght,  or  Gold  Separated. 

These  Platea  can  also  be  purchased  of  JOHX  TAYI.OK  &  OO..  Corner  First  and  Mission  Sts 

San  Francisco  Gold,  Silver  and  Nickel  Plating  Works,  653  &  655  Mission  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  E.  G.  Denniston,  Prop'r. 

Our  Plates  bave  been  used  for  20  years.    Tbey  bave  proved  tbe  best.    We  adbere  strictly  to  contract  In  welirbt  of  Silver  and 
OODOer.      SKND  P  >H  OIBOUL.AR. 


HXJnXTTIlVrCSrT'O  iv, 

. MANUFACTURER    OP  


ILLS, 


CentrUagal  Boiler  Quartz  Mill. 


CENTRIFUGAL  ROLLER  QUARTZ 

Concentrators  and  Ore  Crushers, 
Mining  Machinery  of  Every  Description.        Steam  Engines  and  Shingle  Machines. 


SEND    FOR    CIRCULAB. 


213    I'lu.si"    sth:esde!t. 


sja.3xr    i-n-A-iij-dscJO,    O.A.X.. 


PiT.  Ol/T.3)  ,  :s8i. 


PERFECT  PULLEYS 

First  Premium  Awarded  at  Mechanios'   Fair,    1884. 

oXjOO?    Ob    no: :e3 lES s £s , 

Sole  Liceneed  Manufacturers  of  the 

MEDARX    PATENT    WEOU&HT    RIM    PULIEY 

For  the  Statee  of  California,  Oregoo  and  Nevada,  and  the  Territorios  of  Idaho,  Washington 

Montana,  Wyoming,  Utah  and  Arizona.      Lightest,  Strongeat,  Cheapest  and 

Best  Balanced  Pulley  in  the  World.      Also  Manufacturers  of 

SHAFTING.    HANGERS    AND    APPURTENANCES, 


Sig-  SbNB  for  ClRCDIiABfi  AMD  PRIOB  LlST,' 

Nos.  120  and  181  FREMONT  STBBBT 


SAN    FBANOISOO.  OAL. 


H.  D.  MORRIS, 
220  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco, 

MANUFACTURERS'  aM  PURCHASINS  AGENT, 

apocial  atteotic  given  to  purchase  of 

MINE  and  MILL  SUPPLIES. 


AI>AMANTINB  SHOES  AND  DfEH,— Guar- 
ftnteed  to  prove  better  and  cheaper  than  any  othere. 
Orders  solicited,  subject  to  above  conditloos. 

H.  D.  MORRIS. 


SOLE   AGBiJT  FOR 


LEDSHER  PLATES, 

— AND— 

Chrome   Cast   Steel  for 
Kock  Drills,  £to. 


ADAHfABTXIXE. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Mar.  29,  1890 


MPROVED    BELT    FRUE   ORE  CONCENTRATOR. 


The  Best  Ore  Concentrator  in  the  market,  having  double 
the  Capaoity  and  doing  its  work  as  close  as  the  plain  Belt 
macihine,  while  its  concentrationB  are  clean.  It  is  need  in 
a  number  of  MIUb,  the  moBt  notable  of  which  is  the 
Alaska  M.  &  M.  Go's  Mill,  where  24  Improved  Belt  Frues 
are  taking  the  Pnlp  from  120  Stamps,  crnehing  350  tone 
per  day,  and  is  giving  entire  sacisfaction  aa  against  48 
plain  Belt  Machines,  taking  the  Pulp  from   the   other  120 

Stamps. 

« 

Price  of  Improved  Belt  Frue  Vanner,  $900,  f.  o.  b.    ip^^ 
Price  of  Plain  Belt   Frue  Vanner,  $575,  f.  o.  b     ^t^ 


For  PftmphletB,  Testimonials  and  fnrtlier  information 
apply  at  office 


Protected  by  Patents  December  22, 1874;  September  2, 
1879;  April  27,  1880;  March  22,  1881;  February  20, 1883; 
September  18,  1883;  Jnly  24,  1888.    Patents  applied  for. 


There  are  Over  2200  Plain  Belt  Machines  now 
in  Use. 

Tbb  Montana  Cohpant  (Limited),  London,  October  8,  1S86. 
Dbaa  Sirs  : — Having  tested  ttiree  of  your  Frue  Vaoners  in  a  com- 
petitive trial  with  other  eimiiar  machines  (Triumph),  we  have  aatlafied 
ourselves  of  the  superiority  of  your  Vannera,  as  is  evidenced  by  the 
fact  of  our  havintr  ordered  20  more  of  your  macbtuen  for  immediate 
delivery.    Tours  truly,         THE  MONTANA  COMPANY  (Limited). 

N.  B. — Since  the  above  was  written  the  20  Vanners,  having  been 
started,  gave  such  satisfaction  that  44  additional  Frues  and  more 
stam(»B  have  been  purchased.  ADAMS    &    CARTER. 


lots.  ^ • — 

ADAMS  &  CARTER,  Agents  FRUE  VANNING  MACHINE  CO.,  Room  15,  No.  132  Market  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


CALIFORNIA    WIRE    WORKS 


-MANUFACTURERS  OF- 


aara  i 


Steel  Wire  Eope, 


-OF  ALL  KINDS  FOR- 


CABLE  RAILWAYS, 

ROPEWAYS  and  TRAMWAYS, 

Mining,  Shipping  &  General  Purposes. 


Ca]  State  Lib.„y5r8^» 


WIRE, 

BARBED   WIRE. 
WIRE   NAILS, 

WIRE    CLOTH. 

Full  ABsortment  Always  In  Stock. 


OFFICE; 

9  Fremont  Street,  San  Francisco. 

Send  for  Elustrated  Catalogue. 


hallidie's 
Patent  VV'Re  Ropeway, 


For  the  Economical  and  Rapid 

Transportation   of  lOre 

and  other  material. 


Erected  by  Ue  During  the  Past  Fourteen  Years  in  Spans 

200  TO  2.000  FEET. 


Simple,  Economical  and  Durable. 


TKANSPORTATION      OF      OKI.      BY      HALLIDIJl,  S     PATtNT     WIR*     KOPEWAY. 


HAVE   BEEN  THOROUGHLY  TESTED 
In  all  Parts  of  the  Country. 


E.  COR.  HOWARD  AND  BEALE  STS.. 

San  Francisco. 


DAVIDSON    STEAM    PUMPS. 

Risdon  Iron  and  Locomotive  Works, 

Boiler-Feed  Pumps, 
Tank  Pumps, 
Marine  Pumps, 
Wrecking  Pumps, 
Fire  Pumps, 
Brewery  Pumps, 
Mining  Pumps, 
Low    Pressure 

Pumps. 
Vertical  Pumps, 
Balanced    Hydraulic 

AND 

Heavy  PressureValve.  { 


Sugar  House  Pumps. 
Railroad  Pumps. 
Vacuum  Pumps, 
Air  Pumps, 
Circulating  Pumps, 
Tannery  Pumps, 
Hydraulic  Pumps, 
Elevator  Pumps, 
Independent  Air 
Pump  and  Jet 
Condenser. 
Artesian  or  Deep 
Well  Pumps. 

The  Only  Steam  Pump  Made  that  can  be  run  at  High  Piston  Speed  without  Shock  and  with  Safety  to  the  Machine.    Piston  Rods, 

Stufang-Boxes,  Valve  Seats,  Stems  and  Linings  of  Water  Cylinders  are  of  Best  Oomposition  Metal,  U.  S.  Standard. 
EVERY    PUMP    THOHOUGHIY    TESTED    BEFOKE    LEAVING    FACTORY.  Sezica.    dCor    Ca^t^losVLes. 


,,^_^p_™_»|p__ 


Smelter  For  Sale  or  Exchange. 

One  60-t(jo.  -..rouijht  iron,  water-jacket  Smelting  Fur- 
uace  (36"x60"  at  tlie  tuyeres)  of  the  latest  design,  wi  h 
crusher,  Bl-wer,  Boiler,  Pumps,  Engines,  Tools,  and 
everything  comph-te  for  immediate  delivery,  and  only 
used  about  six  monllw.  Cheap  for  cash,  or  will  exchange 
for  interest  in  a  Lead-Silver  Mine,  or  erect  m  any  mming 
camp  that  will  guaraiitae  a  certain  output.  -  For  further- 
partloiilarB  address  Box  88,  Elkhom,  Montana. 


iDewey  &  Co.'s  Scientific  Press  Patent  Agency{n^§r" 


A.  T  Dewtiy 
W.  B.  Ewer. 
Geo.  H.  Stkoko. 

XwVBNTORS  on  the  Pacific  Coast  will  find  it  greatly  to  their  advantag:e  co  consult  this  old,  ejcperienced.  first-clafis 
Agency.  We  have  able  and  trustworthy  Asaociates  and  Agents  in  Washington  and  the  capital  cities  of  the  principal 
nations  of  the  world.  In  connection  with  our  editorial,^  scientific  and  Patent  Law  Library,  and  record  of  original 
cases  in  our  office,  we  have  other  advantages  far  beyond  those  which  can  be  offered  home  inventors  by  other  agencies 
the  information  accumulated  through  long  and  careful  practice  before  the  Office,  and  the  frequent  examination  of 
patents  already  uranted,  for  the  purpose  of  determining  the  patentability  of  inventions  brought  before  us.  enables 
us  often  to  give  advloe  which  will  save  Inventors  the  expense  of  applying  (or  Patents  upon  Lnventlons  which  are  not 
new.   Clreulara  of  advlca  sontiree  on  reoelpt  of  postage.  Addteaa  DKWEY  tt  CO.,  Potent  Agents.  220  Market  St..  S.F 


a>a"03xr  -  xj3xrioaxr 

IRON  MOULDERS  WANTEQ. 

RISDON  IRON  WORKS, 

San  Francisco. 


An  IHmfMUd 


VOL.    LX.- Number  14. 

DEWEY  4.  CO.,  Puaii8ME«s. 


SAN    FRANCISCO,    SATURDAY,  APRIL  5,   1890. 


Tbree  Dollars  per  Annum. 

Single  Copicri,  10  Cta. 


iDBide  of  the  shell  ao  it  oan  be  bored  oat.  The 
shell  la  bored  oat  tapering  and  the  roll  turned 
to  aait.  The  roll  ia  cored  for  the  bolts  as 
shown  in  the  cat.  The  shell  is  also  cored  for 
the   bolt'heads;  and   the   shell  is  slipped  over 


THE  BCKART  ROLLS  FOR  CRUSHING  ORB. 


The  Eckart  Rolls. 

The  Eskart  ore-roUa  shown  in  the  cat  are 
bailt  for  extremely  heavy  work  by  the  Union 
Iron  Works,  and  are  strong  and  aabatantial  in 
every  way.  The  main  shafts  and  body  of  the 
rolls  are  in  one  piece,  with  a  hole  cored  through 


the  center.  The  bearings  that  carry  one  of  the 
rolls  are  bolted  to  the  bed-plate  with  oblong 
holes  and  can  be  setnp  by  the  set-screws  shown 
in  the  end  of  bed-plate;  while  the  be&rlDgs  that 
carry  the  other  roll  are  kept  ap  in  position  by 
the  doable  circle  of  steel  spiral  springs.  The 
tension  on  these  apriaga  can  be  adjaeted  by 


the  bolta  and  the  set-ecrewe  in  the  bottom  of 
the  caat-iron  head.  Large  pulleys  are  keyed 
direct  to  the  shafts,  one  on  either  aide,  by 
whluh  the  roUa  are  driven. 

The  smaller  cut  shows  the  way  in  which  the 
white  iron  shell  is  held  on  to  the  roll.  There 
are  a  namber  of  wroaght-iron  strips  caat  on  the 


SECTION    OP    ECKART    ROLL. 

the  roll  and  drawa  tightly  ap  on  the  taper  por* 
tion  by  the  bolta,  at  the  aame  time  the  heads  of 
the  bolta  form  ao  many  keys.  It  is  aecarely 
held  and  easily  removed. 


HINKLB'S    CENTRIFOGAL    QUARTZ    MILL    WITH    PLiTES    AND    "  SLUMMSR. 


A  New  Centrifugal  Quartz-Mill. 

On  this  page  is  ahown  a  view  of  the  new  oen- 
trlfagal  quartz-mill  invented  by  Philip  Hinkle 
of  this  city,  and  recently  patented  throagh  the 
Mjning  AND  Scientific  Press  Patent  Agency. 
There  la  no  oil  used  in  this  mill,  the  roller- 
shafts,  slides  and  other  Inside  working  parts 
being  lubricated  with  water.  The  engraving 
shows  a  circular  sapply-tank  which  Is  con- 
nected with  the  roller-spindles  and  supplies 
with  water,  by  means  of  rubber  hose,  all  the  in- 
side working  parts  of  the  machine. 

The  pan-bottom  ia  caat  with  low  flaring  sides, 
within  which  is  fixed  a  similarly-shaped  flaring 
riDg'die.  The  inner  portion  of  the  pan  ia 
made  concave  from  below,  and  in  the  center  is 
a  conioally  shaped  hollow  sleeve  throagh  which 
the  vertical  driving-shaft  extends.  To  the 
tower  end  of  this  shaft  is  secured  the  bevel- 
gear,  which  is  set  well  up  into  the  concavity  of 
the  pan,  admitting  of  the  pan  being  set  very 
low.  To  the  upper  end  of  the  vertical  driving- 
shaft  ia  fixed  a  carrier  which  extends  down  out- 
side the  hollow-shaft  oaeing  and  is  thence  In- 
cliaed  outwardly  so  as  to  correspond  with  the 
inclined  bottom  of  the  pan.  The  carrier  has 
radial  slots  formed  in  it  which  act  as  guides  for 
the  slides,  which  are  fitted  into  these  slots  so  as 
to  move  to  or  from  the  center  as  required. 
These  slides  aeive  to  support  the  shafts,  which 
are  fixed  in  them  and  extend  upwardly  at  right 
angles  to  the  slides  and  within  the  inclined 
bottom  of  the  pan. 

Upon  the  tops  of  these  guides  are  fixed  steel 
plates  which  steady  the  aides,  holding  them  in 
place  and  also  preventing  them  from  being 
clogged. 

Upon  these  shafts  are  fitted  the  grinding  roll* 
{Continued  on  page  236.) 


230 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Apkii,  5,  189® 


GOF^F^ESPOJMDE^'CE. 

We  admit,  unindorsed,  opiaions  of  correspondents. — £d3. 


The  Stewart  Mining  Bill. 

A  Defective  Measure  Criticised. 

(Concluded from  last  is&ue.) 

In  making  it  imperative,  under  the  penalty  of 

forfeiture,  that  an  aflfiiavit  should  be  filed  for 
aBseasment  work  done  on  every  mining  claim,  a 
'  heavy  and  needless  harden  will  be  laid  on  the 
proBpeotor  and  money leaa  miner  if  the  proposed 
legislation  is  adopted. 

Take  the  case  of  an  illiterate  man,  who  for 
years  haa  been  holding  mining  ground  20  miles 
away  from  a  notary  public,  and  70  miles  from 
the  county  seat,  and  generoualy  and  fairly  con- 
aider  how  this  requirement  would  affect  his  in- 
tereats.  He  haa  been  enabled  in  the  past,  per- 
hapa,  to  do  his  work  only  by  hiring  himself 
out  to  some  neighboring  employer  for  low 
wages,  his  hope  being  that  acme  day  he  will 
succeed  in  making  a  sale.  In  order  to  comply 
with  the  Stewart  bill,  he  would  be  compelled 
to  spend  money  and  time  in  having  affiiavits 
prepared  and  recorded,  and  nobody  would  be 
benefited  save  offiiie-holders. 

If  the  purpose  is  to  compel  claim-owners  to 
do  their  work  and  ceaae  to  relocate  them,  it  is 
in  one  sense  commendable  enough,  but  it  will 
not  have  that  effect.  On  the  contrary,  it  will 
increase  relocating  so  as  to  avoid  the  addi- 
tional expense,  and  Mr.  Stewart  and  his  re- 
striction laws  will  be  treated  with  JDOund  de- 
rision. If  a  prospector  fail  to  do  his  work,  and 
his  claims  are  known  to  be  good,  there  are  al- 
ways men  ready  to  take  advantage  ot  his  deliu 
quency,  and  if  he  is  willing  to  risk  the  loas  of 
his  property,  why  should  the  law  put  him  to 
a  useless  expense?  Is  the  pre-emptor  or 
homesteader  of  land  required  at  the  end  of 
every  year  to  file  an  aflSdavit  aa  to  his  work  ? 
No;  when  he  "  proves  up  "  in  the  Land  Office, 
that  is  enough,  and  so  when  a  lode  is  to  be  pat- 
ented, the  certificate  of  the  mineral  aurveyor 
aa  to  work  ought  to  suffice. 

If  the  owner  of  mining  claims  is  able  to  file 
the  necessary  papers,  by  all  means  let  him  do 
it,  but  to  decree  a  forfeiture  of  his  rights,  if  the 
certificate  as  to  work  is  lost  on  the  way  to  the 
recorder's  cffise,  as  would  be  the  case  under 
the  Stewart  measure,  is  unjast  and  cruel. 

Another  Unvplse  Proposal, 
The  Stewart  bill,  if  passed,  would  make  it 
legal  to  file  affidavits  relating  to  mining  titles 
with  local  district  recorders,  in  lieu  of  filing 
thera  with  county  recorders.  The  books  of  the 
former  are  usually  kept  in  cabins  where  there 
are  no  safes,  and  in  most  diatriota  the  office  is 
not  long  held  by  any  one  person.  Aa  aueh  re 
corders  are  not  under  bonds  and  are  not  always 
reliable,  the  proposed  jeopardizing  of  titlea 
through  the  contingency  of  erased  words,  torn- 
out  leaves  or  burnt  books,  is  qaite  in  keeping 
with  several  of  the  other  "amendments"  pre- 
sented in  this  inexplicably  strange  effort  at  min- 
ing legislation, 

A  Change  In  the  Tunnel  Law. 

Under  Sec.  2323  of  the  present  law  a  sort 
of  tnnnel  charter  is  granted  to  miners,  and  by 
an  amendment  approved  Feb.  11,  1875,  work 
done  in  a  tunnel  was  made  applicable  for 
assessment  purposes  to  such  lodes  as  it  would 
develop.  This  amenflment,  howtver,  was 
made  to  relate  to  Sec.  2324,  and  did  not  specify 
anythine  in  regaid  to  Sao.  2323.  Aa  Senator 
Stewart's  bill  amends  2324,  it  cancels  the 
amendment  of  lS75by  the  following  substitute  : 
*' When  any  person  or  company  has  developed 
and  expoaed  a  lode,  and  expended  a  hundred 
dollars'  worth  of  labor  thereon,  said  person  or 
company  may  run  a  tunnel  for  the  purpose  of 
■developing  such  lode  owned  by  said  person  or 
company,  and  the  money  eo  expended  in  said 
tunnel  shall  ba  coneidered  as  expended  on  said 
lode,  and  such  person  or  company  shall  not 
thereafter  be  required  to  perform  labor  or 
make  improvements  on  the  surface  of  said  lode 
in  order  to  hold  the  same,  so  long  as  work  is 
oontinued  on  suoh  tunnel." 

It  may  be  well  to  give  a  copy  here  of  the 
law  now  in  force  to  show  how  a  really  good 
measure  is  to  be  *'  amended  "  out  of  existence 
by  the  Stewart  scheme  : 

*'  Where  a  person  or  company  has  or  may 
run  a  tunnel  for  the  purpose  of  developing  a 
lode  or  lodes  owned  by  said  person  or  company, 
the  money  so  expended  in  said  tunnel  shall  be 
taken  and  considered  aa  expended  on  said  lode 
or  lodes,  whether  located  prior  to  or  since  the 
passage  of  said  Act,  and  auch  person  or  com- 
pany shall  not  be  required  to  perform  work  on 
the  surface  of  said  lode  or  lodes  in  order  to 
hold  the  same  as  required  by  aaid  Act," 

The  above  enactment,  it  will  be  observed,  is 
liberal.  It  In  effect  says  to  the  mine-owner: 
If  you  want  to  concentrate  your  work  for  a 
number  of  lodes  on  a  centrally  located  drainat^e 
tunnel,  you  shall  be.alloived  to  do  so,  and  not 
be  compelled  to  waste  your  time  and  money  in 
digging  useleas  snrface-holea  on  your  various 
claims.  Bit  contrast  the  Stewart  tnnnel  pro- 
viso with  the  foregoing.  Notice  that  it  relates 
.to  one  lode  and  no  more,  the  effect  of  whioh 
limitation  would  be  that  if  a  tnnnel  was  being 
opened  for  six  claims,  surface  work  would  have 
to  be  done  on  five  of  them  each  year,  no  matter 
how  far  the  tunnel  had  been  extended  in  the 
interval.  I  have  never  heard  of  any  complaint 
being  made  against  the  existing  tunnel  law, 
and  why  euoh  a  radical  change  should  be  pro- 


posed is  something  of  a  mystery.  Observe  also 
what  queer  language  our  would-be  law-maker 
employs.  *'  When"  a  claim-owner  has  "  de- 
veloped" a  lode — that  is,  when  he  has  opened 
it — he  will  be  specially  permitted  to  run  a  tun- 
nel for  the  purpose  of  "  developing"  or  opaning 
it.  How  liberal  he  is,  too!  "  When"  a  per- 
son has  spent  a  hundred  dollars  on  the  surface 
of  one  olaim^  he  may  then,  but  not  before,  be- 
gin a  tunnel  for  it.     When  he  has  disbursed  on 

second  lode  one  hundred  dollars  more,  he 
will  be  allowed  to  begin  a  second  tnnnel,  and 
so  on,  for  every  claim  he  owns  he  haa  the  right 
conceded  to  him  by  our  great  law-giver  of 
starting  a  tunnel  for  it. 

This  of  course  is  all  very  absurd,  but  it  is 
the  proposed  law,  and  not  the  interpretation  le- 
gitimately belonging  to  it,  whioh  desarves  to  be 
so  designated. 

Further,  let  the  reader  notice  what  pro- 
found wisdom  Mr.  Stewart  displays  In  the  last 
nine  words  of  his  "amendment."  The  man 
who  does  not  *'  continue"  every  day  and  every 
month  in  the  year  to  work  on  each  tunnel  that 
he  haa  begun  ia  liable  to  have  his  claims 
"jumped,"  for  their  title  ia  good  only  "so 
long  aa  work  is  continued  on  such  tunnel"  or 
tunnels.  Verily,  the  less  a  mine-owner  has  to 
do  with  a  Stewart  tunnel  the  better  it  will  be 
for  himself. 

Bat  can  any  sound  reason  be  given  for  re- 
stricting tunnel  privileges  and  righta  to  either 
one  lode  or  even  to  five  lodes?  In  all  great 
mineral  belts  there  are  places  where  the  veina 
fail  to  appear  on  the  surface.  Bstween  two 
ore-bearing  portions,  five  or  ten  miles  apart  on 
a  given  belt,  there  may  be  very  little  surface 
evidence  to  prove  ita  continnity  or  value,  and 
yet  "  indications  "  may  be  found  to  induce  cap 
italists  to  tunnel  some  intervening  mountain, 
in  the  hope  of  cutting  coocealed  lodes. 

Would  not  it  be  a  wise  thing  to  encourage  a 
great  prospecting  work  of  that  kind  ?  The  re- 
sult of  success  would  be  the  creation  of  a  new 
industrial  center  and  an  addition  to  the  availa- 
ble resources  of  the  country.  It  would  be  the 
means  of  making  a  worthless  mountain  the 
source  of  wealth  to  individuals,  to  the  nation, 
and  the  world  at  large.  Our  present  liberal 
tunnel  law  gives  that  encouragement,  and  the 
time  is  coming  when  advantage  will  be  taken 
of  its  liberality  to  an  extent  not  dreamed  of  at 
present.  But  here  Senator  Stewart  steps  to 
the  front,  and  with  his  one  lode  tunnel  meas- 
ure attempts  to  check  mining  enterprise.  He 
ie  incapable  of  offering  any  adequate  reason  for 
the  proposed  change,  aud  sarety  the  miners 
whose  interests  are  to  be  affected  ought  -to  be 
heard  on  the  subject.  It  ia  wholly  a  retrograde 
movement  whioh  he  has  started,  involving  a  to- 
tal reversal  of  the  heretofore  liberal  policy  of  our 
Uovernment  toward  the  mining  community. 

As  our  great  mining  interests  are  extended, 
a  time  will  come  when  tuousls  will  be  opened 
primarily  for  drainage  purposes,  as  was  the 
case  with  the  Satro  tunnel,  which,  contrary  to 
anticipation,  is  proving  of  immense  advantage 
to  the  Comstock  mining  companies. 

In  a  mountain  where  a  dozen  mining  incor- 
porations are  operating  there  will  be  a  time 
when  water  wholly  unmanageable  from  the 
surface  will  have  to  be  carried  off  by  a  union 
tunnel  if  further  progress  is  to  be  made.  Under 
the  law  as  it  stands  now,  united  action  and  a 
general  protection  of  separate  interests  would 
be  assured  in  anch  a  case,  and  an  application 
for  a  special  tunnel  charter  would  be  unnecea- 
sary.  It  is  needless  to  describe  how  effectually 
the  passage  of  the  Stewart  bill  would  cancel  all 
such  mining  advantages  and  offdr  nothing  in 
their  place.  ' 

Another  Bad  Change. 

The  first  part  of  Section  2335  of  the  propoaed 
bill  reads  aa  under: 

*'A11  affidavits  required  to  bs  made  under  this 
chapter  may  be  verified  before  any  cfficer  au- 
thorized to  adminiater  oaths  in  any  State  or  Ter- 
rilory  oftkt  United  States,  or  in  the  District  of 
Columbia^  and  all  testimony  and  proofs  may  he 
taken  before  any  auch  officer,  and  when  duly 
certified  by  the  offioer  taking  the  same  shall 
have  the  same  force  and  effect  aa  if  taken  before 
the  register  and  receiver  of  the  Lind  Office," 

The  words  in  the  above  which  I  have  put  in 
italics  are  substituted  for  the  following  in  the 
law  of  1872  :  *'  Within  the  land  district  where 
the  claim  may  be  situated," 

If  there  is  a  conffict  of  title  now  between  a 
New  York  mining  company  and  certain  miners 
in  California,  testimony  must  be  taken  in  the 
latter  State,  bat  under  the  Stewart  bill  the 
Eiietern  company  could  force  their  opponents 
to  appear  for  the  taking  of  testimony  in  any  die- 
taut  place  they  might  choose  to  select.  If  a 
certain  western  laud  district  is  considered  a 
good  plaoe  in  which  to  acquire  mining  property 
on  behalf  of  distant  capitalists,  it  ought  also  to 
be  regarded  aa  in  every  way  a  suitable  looality  to 
take  testimony  in  relative  to  it.  The  con- 
templated change  is  entirely  in  the  interest  of 
non  resident  mine-owners,  and  should  it  become 
a  law  it  would  involve  If^cal  litigants  in  endless 
trouble  and  expense.  Under  it  they  could  be 
worried  and  injured  in  a  way  which  at  present 
ia  impossible. 

Stewart's  Influence.     . 

From  the  fact  that  Sanator  Stewart  has  been 
regarded  a3  the  author  of  the  mining  bills  of 
1S56  and  1872,  he  has  acquired  an  infiaenoe  in 
Congress  when  he  deals  with  mineral  queationa 
to  which  he  is  not  justly  entitled-  This  in- 
fluence was  shown  on  April  24,  1S8S,  when  the 
Sanate  passed  the  mining  bill  introduced  by 
him  on  Feb,  7th  preceding,  without  debate  or 
protest.  It  seems  as  if  this  display  of  confi- 
dence made  the  Senator  believe  that  the   time 


had  come  when  he  could  erect  a  monument  for 
himself  in  the  form  of  a  bill  to  govern  the  lo- 
cating and  working  of  mines  about  the  author- 
ship of  which  there  could  be  no  diapute.  To 
attain  his  purpoae  he  saw  that  it  was  necessary 
to  lull  mine-owners  and  proapectora  to  alumber 
by  pretending  that  what  he  was  attempting  to 
do  was  in  their  interest,  and  necessarily,  there- 
fore, he  Would  he  glad  of  their  aid  in  enabling 
him  to  produce  a  ** perfected"  measure.  That 
he  meant  from  the  first,  and  means  now,  to 
force  a  bill  entirely  of  his  own  conoocting  on 
the  country,  before  his  plana  could  or  can  be 
exposed,  ia  ahown  in  every  step  that  he  has 
taken.  A  critical  examination  of  his  bill 
proves  conclusively  that  he  could  not  be  and 
was  not  the  author  of  the  laws  of  1S66  and 
1S72.  The  master  mind,  which  left  its  impress 
on  these  measurea,  and  particularly  on  the  lat- 
ter, was  that  of  a  thoroughly  practical  miner 
and  prospector,  who  could  foresee  how  every 
rf  qairement  lie  auggestpd  would  work  when  ap 
plied  in  the  field.  He  probably  was  some 
humble,  unknown  pioneer  in  whose  judgment 
and  proposed  enactments  the  framer  of  those 
measures  had  full  confidence,  and  hence  the 
general  working  excellence  of  the  existing  law. 
But  the  self  confident  law-maker  of  to-day  will 
take  no  advice  and  dashes  ahead  seemiogly  un- 
conscious of  the  fact  that  he  is  displaying  in 
the  sight  of  practical  minera  his  utter  incom- 
petency to  deal  with  the  subject  in  regard  to 
which  he  professes  to  be  a  master. 

The  Few  Defects 
In  the  law  of  1872  are  too  insignitioant  to  war- 
rant the  complete  overhauling  which  Mr. 
Stewart  proposes  to  give  it.  The  rulings  of 
the  Lind  Office  and  decisions  of  the  courts  are 
so  generally  understood  and  reoognizad  that  to 
unsettle  them  by  new  enactments  couched  in 
uncertain  language  would  be  a  heinous  blunder. 
If  it  canoot  be  perfected  by  a  few  bhort  amend- 
ments but  must  be  tinkered  at  all  over  by  an 
unskillful  hand,  it  will  he  better  not  to  touch 
it  at  all. 

Some  of  the  Stewart  proposals  are  good,  but 
they  are  too  unimportant  to  redeem  the  bill  as 
a  whole  from  oondemnation.  His  plan  to  make 
the  assessment  year  begin  on  October  lat  is 
commendable,  as  also  his  provision  that  ore- 
bearing  rock  in  place  should  he  held  as  afford- 
ing satisfactory  evidence  of  land  being  mineral 
in  character.  In  giving  right  of  way  to  tun- 
nels, cicals  and  ditches  through  or  over  adjoin- 
ing claims,  he  also  made  a  good  proposal,  These 
are  trivial  matters,  however,  whereas  the 
changes  attempted  in  other  parts  of  the  law  are 
so  radical  that  they  would,  if  adopted,  destroy 
its  moat  liberal  andbenefidal  features. 
Suggestions  to  Miners. 

lo  this  long  article  I  have  tried  to  deal  with 
the  Stewart  bill  so  that  readers  of  the  Press 
practically  interested  may  know  just  what  it  is 
and  act  accordingly.  If  I  have  made  it  plain 
that  the  passage  of  the  measure  would  be  in- 
jurious to  onr  great  and  growing  mining  in- 
dustry, 'steps  ought  to  be  taken  at  once  by 
miners'  meetinge,  by  appealing  to  local  journals, 
by  petitions,  and  by  bringing  pressure  to  bear 
on  members  of  Congress  to  oppose  and  de- 
feat it. 

If  the  Press  will,  as  the  miners'  organ, 
enable  me  to  bring  the  case  before  the  public,  I 
have  confidence  that  Sanator  Stewart  will  be 
made  to  understand  that  as  a  single-handed 
legislator  cipahle  of  going  down  into  the  lower 
Uvals  and  drifting  along  the  subtile  veins 
of  our  mining  polity  he  is  anything  but  a 
success. 

■General  Summary. 

The  Stewart  mining  bill  ought  to  be  rejected 
for  the  following  valid  reasons  : 

1st,  It  prevents  a  dijccverer  even  of  a  new 
mining  district  from  locating  more  than  one 
claim  on  a  lode,  and  gives  loafers  a  chance  to 
locate  extensions  and  wait  for  him  to  develop  a 
mine  for  their  benefit.  It  also  prevents  him 
from  meeticg  the  demands  of  capitalists  for 
groups  of  claims  which  can  be  opened  by  cen- 
tral worka  and  where  litigation  by  adjoining 
claimants  would  be  impossible. 

2d.  It  preventa  a  miner  from  correcting  a 
defective  location  by  making  a  re-record,  and 
invites  "jumpers"  to  hunt  up  and  relocate  all 
imperfectly  describid  lodes. 

3d.  It  does  away  with  the  requirement  now 
in  force,  that  a  location  should  be  so  described 
relatively  to  fixed  natural  objects  as  to  prove  ita 
whereabouts,  and  substitutes  an  indefiuite  de- 
scription, which,  if  adopted,  would  admit  of 
"  floating"  claims  being  taken  up  such  aa  were 
productive  under  the  law  of  1866  of  endleBS 
litigation. 

4th,  It  entirely  relievea  the  rich  man  who 
spends  §1000  in  some  undescribad  way  for  the 
benefit  of  five  placer  claims  each  of  160  acres, 
or  of  an  equal  number  of  lodes,  from  working 
on  any  of  them,  whereas  the  poor  prospector 
who  does  not  possess  that  sum  op  cannot  under- 
take so  much  work,  must  do  §100  worth  of  hole- 
digging  labor  on  each  of  his  five  ledges  or  his 
title  thereto  will  lapse. 

5th.  It  changes  the  present  law  which  most 
beneficently  gives  the  owner  of  a  series  of  veins 
the  light  to  concentrate  his  work  in  a  tunnel, 
or  on  one  of  them,  and  substitutes  a  measure 
under  which  credit  for  assessment  labor  in  a  tun- 
nel would  be  allowed  for  one  lode  and  no  more, 
and  surface  work  would  have  to  be  done  on  all 
the  others  of  the  aeries,  even  if  during  the  year 
there  had  been  a  thousand  feet  of  tunneling 
done  for  their  development. 

6Sh,  It  requires  under  the  penalty  of  for- 
feiture that  every  claim-owner,  no  matter  how 
far   he  may   be  from  a  notary  public   or  the 


county  seat,  ahould  record  an  affidavit  fer  the-' 
annual  work  done  on  each  of  hia  lodea,  and  if 
such  affidavit  is  lost  on  the  way  to  the  reoturl- 
er's  office,  the  claim  it  relates  to  will  be  snti^- 
jeot  to  ralocation. 

7th.  It  proposes  to  legalize  records  as  to ' 
forfeited  titles  find  affidavits  when  they  are 
made  with  local  mining  recorders,  thereby  ig- 
noring the  fact  that  such  records  are  liable  to  be 
burnt,  lost,  or  changed,  and  that  mining  titles 
might  in  consequence  be  imperiled. 

8th.  It  will  enable  mining  incorporations  in 
distant  S  ates  to  compel  litigants  in  the  min- 
ing districts  where  they  are  operating  to  ap- 
pear wherever  they  are  pleased  to  command 
them  for  the  taking  of  testimony,  whereas  at 
present  this  roust  be  taken  in  the  l^ind  district 
where  the  mines  are  situated;  and 

Fmally.  The  changes  proposed  in  the  min- 
ing statutes  by  Senator  Stewart  would,  ifi 
adopted,  not  only  promote  litigation,  but: 
would  compel  the  Land  Office  to  laaue  new/ 
rulinga  and  would  also  keep  the  courts  busy  foe 
years  to  come,  trying  to  discover  their  meanv- 
ing.  In  place  of  improving  the  present  law,. 
they  would  greatly  injure  it  and  check  mining: 
operations.  Should  the  measure  pass,  it  re-- 
quires  no  prophetic  power  to  foresee  a  time,. 
not  far  off,  when  the  cry  for  its  repeal  would 
prove  irresistible.        John  Dare  Emiirsley. 


(rold  in  White  Pine,  Nev. 

A  correspondent  of  the  Salt  Lake  Tribune^ 
writing  from  Ely,  Nev.,  says:  The  Johanna 
mine,  the  property  of  H.  R.  Watson,  ie  situated! 
about  two  miles  from  the  town  of  Ely,  up  Ribin" 
son  Canyon,  and  is  just  on  the  north  side  of  the< 
old  Aultman  mine,  and  it  is  just  one  mountain' 
of  gold-bearing  ore,  with  not  over  three  feet  of 
lime  and  soil  on  the  top  of  the  ore.  I  have' 
worked  in  the  Richmond  mine  in  Eureka  in 
its  best  days,  in  1873  and  1874,  and  I  assure 
yon  I  never  saw  as  large  a  body  of  ore  in  it  as 
is  this  day  in  sight  in  tjie  Johanna,  and  the 
beauty  of  it  is  the  ore  is  right  in  the  side  of 
the  mountain  and  can  be  mined  very  cheaply. 
The  price  of  extracting  the  ore  at  the  present 
time  does  not  exceed  50  cents  per  ton.  What 
ore  is  needed  at  the  present  time,  35  tons  per 
day,  is  taken  from  two  tunnels.  One  of  said 
tunnels  is  running  up  the  canyon  to  the  weat„ 
the  other  right  into  the  mountain  to  the  south,. 
Eich  of  said  tunnels  is  10  feet  high  and  about 
10  feet  wide.  The  ore  is  very  heavy  in  iron,, 
with  seams  of  qaartz  and  carbonate,  no  lead, 
and  is  working  up  to  90  per  cent  with  a  10- 
stamp  gold-mill.  The  miil  is  situated  in  the 
town  of  Ely,  and  Is  run  by  a  water-wheel.  Tha 
mill  is  rented  by  Mr.  Watson  for  $16  per  day, 
by  the  way,  a  nice  inoome  to  its  owners.  The 
battery  assay  of  the  ore  ia  $22  per  ton  in  gold, 
but  right  in  the  center  of  the  Johanna  and  dip- 
ping to  the  east  or  down  the  canyon  ia  a*  seam 
or  small  ledge  of  ore  that  is  enormous  In  rich- 
ness. I  myself  from  a  small  pan  of  dirt  have 
taken  over  S5  in  gold,  I  visited  some  other 
mines  in  this  district,  and  I  never  saw  more 
favorable  prospects  in  my  life.  But  the  most 
of  the  ore  I  saw  outside  of  the  Johanna  is  re- 
bellious, and,  in  my  opinion,  cannot  be  bandied 
by  a  milling  process.  What  is  needed  in  this 
camp  is  a  large  furnace  and  an  able  manage- 
ment that  will  purchase  ore  from  us  prospectors 
and  give  us  living  prices  for  our  ores,  and  I 
know  from  what  I  saw  of  the  mines  there  are 
thousands  of  tons  of  lead  ore  that  can  be  pur- 
chased very  cheap  here  that  will  pay  large 
prcfiba  to  a  smelter,  and  coal  can  ba  bad  for 
several  years  within  ten  miles  of  the  town  of 
Ely,  

For  the  Lick  Telescop£. — The  Lick  tele- 
scope will,  in  a  few  weeks,  be  supplemented  by 
a  remarkable  piece  of  mechaniam.  This  is  an 
eye-piece  which  haa  jaat  been  completed  at 
Rochester,  N.  Y.  No  other  eye-piece  of  any- 
thing  like  equal  dimensions  has  ever  been 
made.  The  largest  now  in  use  is  not  over  two 
inches  in  diameter,  while  the  new  piece  meas- 
ures over  three  Inohea.  The  eye-piece  is  con- 
structed on  a  perfect  theory.  There  are  two 
lenses,  six  inches  apart.  The  larger  one  is 
called  the  field  lens,  and  is  6^  inches  in  diam- 
eter. The  other  lens  is  the  eye-glass  proper. 
It  is  composed  of  three  lenses,  a  double  con- 
cave, a  double  convex  and  meniscus,  cemented 
together.  The  field  lens  is  of  brown  glass. 
The  meniscus  or  correcting  lenals  of  flint  glass. 
The  light  from  the  heavenly  bodies  seen 
through  the  Lick  telescope  with  this  new  eye- 
piece will  be  2000  times  as  bright  as  that  seen 
with  the  naked  eye. 


A  Mining  Boom. — A  mining  boom  is  re- 
ported in  Singapore.  In  the  river  Luoit,  in 
Pahang,  large  deposits  of  placer  gold  have  been 
found.  The  percentage  of  gold-dust  in  this 
spot  haa  made  an  average  of  60  to  70  ounces 
per  oubio  yard.  The  mineral  is  pretty  largely 
in  flat  formation  and  of  a  reddiah  color.  Pahang 
has  long  been  known  as  the  richest  of  the 
Malay  provinces  in  gold,  aud  it  is  predicted 
that  shares  in  this  concession,  which  are  now 
selling  at  SlO,  will  reach  SIOOO. 

On  the  authority  of  the  London  Times  the 
vein  of  uranium  recently  discovered  in  Corn- 
wall, Ragland,  the  works  for  reducing  the  ore 
are  turning  out  half  a  ton  per  week  of  that 
rare  metal,  the  market  value  of  which  is  $2000 
per  ton. 

The  plaoers  on  Lee  Vining  creek,  near 
Lundy,  are  to  be  worked  by  the  hydraulic 
process  this  summer. 


April  6,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


231 


The  Deep   Gold  Placers  of  California. 

NUMUbK    I. 

lWiltt«u  for  th«  PKitH  ■nil  CVpyitBhlwl  1800,  by  UBsav 
G.  Hanks.  K.U.  S.  A.  K.  O.  SI 

Tbu  paper  baa  been  prepared  to  adv&Doe  a 
new  theory  aa  to  the  orlRin  of  the  deep  pUoert 
of  California,  which  is  preiented  as  a  Bubati- 
tute  for  the  *Dcient-river  thecry,  fouod  to  bt 
defective.  While  it  aeema  to  me  to  account  for 
nearly  all  known  conditions,  It  wilt  doDbtlesfc 
In  time  be  modified  aa  now  facta  aredlaoovered. 
If  it  abould  renew  attention  tn  the  uoexhanated 
■torehoaaea  cf  gold  which  i-xiat  in  our  Siate. 
and  lead  to  a  more  careful  atudy  of  their  geol- 
ogy, itaotj^ct  will  be  accompliahed. 
The  Anclent-Rlver  Theory. 

From  the  date  of  their  tirat  advent,  the  gold- 
miners  of  California  began  to  theorize  as  to  the 
•on roe  of  the  Rold  they  were  seeking.  M»n> 
believed  in  a  distant  fountain-head,  difficult  of 
aooeaa,  high  np  in  the  enowy  moontalnp,  where 
virgin  metal  t&y  in  a  natural  treasury  aa  N.it- 
ure  created  it,  from  which  the  nugKota  and 
gold-dust  they  gathered  with  bo  much  toil,  had 
wandered. 

With  this  idea  always  in  view,  they  were  the 
more  ready  to  believe  atories  rife  in  thoae  pio- 
neer daya.  This  accounts  for  the  historioal 
gold  exoitem(>nt  and  mad  ruahea,  of  which  Gjtd 
Like,  Gold  Bluff  and  Frazer  river  were  types. 
Theae  and  many  more  will  be  remembered  by 
pioneer  California  miners. 

The  Aaatralian  gold>digger,  like  hia  Califor- 
nian  prototype,  belie vdd  that  a  locality  ex- 
tated  w  here  gold  could  be  cut  away  with  chiaels, 
and  be  sought  it  with  the  same  vialonary  en 
ergy  that  led  to  the  swarming  of  miners  to 
newly  diaocvdred  gold-Belds. 

Beaide  their  camp-firts,  after  the  toilsome 
labors  of  the  day,  miners  would  speonlate  also 
as  to  the  oricrin  of  the  gold,  and  plan  to  over* 
come  the  ditiiculties  which  lay  in  the  way  of 
its  poeseaaion.  So  miners  and  prospectors  con- 
tinned  to  day-dream  and  theorize;,  nor  will  they 
oease  to  do  so  as  long  aa  gold-mining  continues. 

Among  the  numerous  ones  advanced,  that 
known  as  the  "Ancient-river  theory  "  has  been 
most  generally  accepted.  But  as  the  auriferous 
deposits  beoame  better  known,  many  ot  j  lotione 
were  noted,  and  it  is  uncommon  at  the  present 
time  to  find  an  intelligent  miner  who  does  not 
wholly  reject  it  or  retains  it  with  doubt.  It 
will  not  add  to  the  interest  of  this  paper  to  re- 
peat what  has  been  so  often  pablished  ;  the 
main  features  of  the  theory,  howtvar,  may,  for 
the  benefit  of  those  not  familiar  with  the  sub 
jeot,  be  briefly  stated  as  follows  : 

The  old  river  theory  aesumes  that  during  the 
Pliocene  epoch,  or  earlier  in  the  Tertiary 
period,  the  climate  of  this  portion  of  the  eartb'e 
aarface  being  favorable,  great  rivers,  aa  large 
aa  the  Mississippi,  the  Ganges  or  possibly  the 
Amazon,  flowed  with  great  rapidity,  at  an  alti- 
tade  now  about  5000  feet,  whatever  it  might 
have  been  at  that  time,  and  brought  from  some 
far-away,  mythical  source  a  vaet  quantity  of 
gold,  associated  with  fragments  of  quartz  which 
the  waters  are  supposed  to  have  torn  by  sheer 
force  from  their  natural  beds.  Theae  quartz 
fragments,  and  the  silts  resulting  from  their 
disintegration,  were  generally  blue,  which  gave 
the  name  "  the  blue  lead  "  to  the  deposits.  The 
tamoltuons  waters  ground  the  rock  masses  to 
bowlders,  in  which  form  we  tied  them  where 
the  rivers  finally  placed  them  with  the  gold. 

While  the  rivers  were  thus  employed,  their 
waters  were  in  a  turbid  condition  from  gravel, 
coarse  and  fine,  held  in  snepenae,  whiob  was 
precipitated  on  the  bowlders.  The  streams, 
then,  for  reasons  not  fully  explained,  ceased  to 
exist  and  became  "  dead  rivers." 

A  period  of  great  volcanic  activity  followed, 
and  the  surface  of  the  country  including  the 
dry  river  beds  was  covered  by  an  innndation 
of  red-hot,  liquid  lava.  The  volcanoes  from 
which  these  eruptive  streams  flowed  are  vari- 
ously located  ;  some  theorists  naming  Mount 
Shasta,  others  Mono  lake,  while  still  others 
trace  the  lava  streams  to  distant  Alaska  and 
refer  as  evidence  to  the  basaltic  oliffs  of  the 
Columbia  river. 

It  is  my  opinion  that  evidence  does  not  war- 
rant the  retention  of  this  theory. 
The  New  Theory. 

In  the  Mining  and  Scientific  Press  of 
Jane  29, 1889,  I  pablished  the  following  prelim- 
inary notice,  which  brit  fly  states  the  new 
theory: 

GOLD  IN     DEtP    PLACKRS— A  NEW    THEORV    UF     ITS 
Dbl'OSrnON. 

Editors  Press:  — During  a  recent  visit  to  the 
driti-mining  distncis  near  Laporte  and  Gibionville 
in  Plumas  and  5ierra  counties,  I  made  certain  dis- 
coveries which  sugg-^sled  a  new  theory  as  to  the  de- 
posits of  heavy  gold  and  w  rn  quariz  bowlders 
lying  invariably  beneath  Uva  ridges  which  to  my 
mind  must  replace  the  ancient-river  theory  so  long 
held  in  California.  This  theory  was  fnreshadowed 
in  my  second  annual  report  as  State  Mineralogist, 
1882.  folio  98.   ■ 

1  have  in  preparation  a  paper  which  it  is  my  m- 
temion  to  publish  in  the  Press  with  illustrations, 
giving  my  reasons  for  so  thinking,  I  send  you 
this  preliminary   notice  to  secure  priority. 

The  substance  of   my  theory  is  brirfly  as   follows: 

The  channels  are  lake-beds  scooped  out  by 
glaciers  that  in  course  of  time  retired  to  mountains 
of  greater  altitude,  continued  their  work  during  a 
lone  period,  ^^d  finally  became  extinct. 

The  bedrock  at  this  locality  being  soft  clay  slates, 
mica  schists  and  argillaceous  shales  filled  with  small 
auartz  vbins  containing  gold,  was  reduced  to  mud  and 
washed  away,  leaving  the  harder  quartz  in  rounded 
bowlders  with   the    coarse    gold    in    the    lake-bed, 


which  was  stilt  filled  with  water.  Rivers  like  the 
khonr  in  Swiizjrland,  brought  down  from  the  still 
active  but  distant  glaciers,  ctu&hfd  (luariz,  and  for 
many  ct-nturirs  d^po-^ited  it  in  the  lake,  covering 
ihc  bottom  with  what  our  miners  call  "pipeclny." 
The  like  and  the  low  mountain-tops  were  subse- 
quently covtfred  by  an  overllow  of  eruptive  mud. 
the  so-called  lava.  Modern  rivers  which  still  11  jw 
in  their  channeh.  cut  do*ii  through  the  lava,  the 
gfiivrl  deposits  and  dt:,;p  in  itie  soft  underlyiog 
bedrock.  That  portion  between  the  rivers  proiecitd 
by  the  Uva  bfcaiue  rounded  lidg'-s,  :md  a  portion 
sdll  II  U  as  .1  Hour  remaining  on  the  summits  of  the 
moun tarns  .ire  ■•  table  mountains."  The  channels 
soc^Ikd  are  the  intact  Uke-beds  and  the  present 
drift  mines.  The  new  river  channels  arc  the  placer 
mines  of  the  forty-niners  and  hydraulic  mines  of 
p.)st  history. 

It  is  my  opinion  ihat  the  contents  of  the  channels 
came  from  a  siii.dl  area,  and  were  not  brought  Irom 
a  distance,  as  generally  supposed.  The  blue  quartz 
which  imparts  a  general  character  to  these  deposits 
I  found  in  place  near  CJibsonviHe.  as  I  did  also  all 
the  bowlder  rocks  common  to  the  deposits. 

That  there  were  numerous  lakes  of  this  character 
I  am  prepared  to  betieve,  but  on  redticing  the  lake 
of  Geneva  to  the  same  scale  as  mv  map,  I  find  it 
to  extend  from  Pilot  Peak  to  Nevadi  City,  and  to 
cov<  r  most  of  the  important  drift  and  placer 
mines  bt-iween  those  two  points. 

Assuming  that  such  a  lak*^  existed,  I  have    named 

it  Lake  Tra  k.    Irom    the  first   State   Geologist    of 

California,  who    made   this   subject  a  special   study 

and   nearly   discovered   the  facts   to  which  I  allude. 

Henkv  G.  Hanks. 

Figs.  1,  '2  and  3  are  ideal  sketohes  made  to 
lllastrate  the  new  theory.  In  these,  perspec- 
tive has  been  disregarded.  Fig.  1  is  a  view  of 
the  ancient  take,  lett  by  retiring  glaciers  still 
active  in  the  distant  moantains.  From  the 
Burfaoe  of  the  lake  downward  is  in  section. 
The  irregular,  deeply-channeled  lake- bed  as 
scooped  out  by  the  ice  is  thus  shown;  it  is  sup 
posed  to  be  strewn  with  quartz  bowlders,  among 
which  lie  soattered  the  native  gold.  Durirg 
this  period  the  pipeoUy  and  flne  gravel  were  de- 
posited. 

Fig.  2  is  the  same  lake-bed  now  ervered  by 
earthy  eruptive  matter  {A)  the  so-ciUed  lava. 
From  the  surface  of  this  formation  downward 
is  in  section  ;  under  the  lava  the  lake-bed  is 
shown  (c). 

Fig.  8  shows  the  resnlt  of  geological  changes 
which  have  produced  present  conditions  ;  mod- 
ern rivers  have  eroded  the  ohannels  B  B  B 
now  deep  in  the  bedrock,  in  whioh  pioneer 
miners  first  sought  gold;  c  c  is  the  same  lake- 
bed  now  filled  with  material  desoribed  else- 
where; dd  are  portions  of  the  lava  intact, 
forming  table-mountains  ;  e  is  a  rounded  ridge 
of  the  aamp  ',  f  f  f  ft  placer  and  hydraulic 
mines  ;  and  g  u  g  y,  drift  mines  reached  only 
by  tannels. 

It  will  now  be  my  purpose  to  give  in  detail 
the  reasons  whioh  led  me  to  draw  these  oonolu- 
sions. 

Arguments  Advanced,  by  the  Ancient- 
Blver  Ttieoriats. 

It  is  claimed  that  rivers  flowed  in  the  anoient- 
river  channels  because  pot-holes  are  found  in 
the  exposed  bedrock  of  the  hydraulic  mines 
and  in  the  tunnels  and  breasts  of  drift  basins; 
for  the  reason  that  magnetic  tiands  are  seen  to 
have  collected  under  the  lea  of  large  bowlders  ly- 
ing on  the  bedrock;  and  because  these  bowlders 
sometimes  overlap  like  shingles  on  a  houeetop, 
the  small  ends  pointing  generally  down  the 
grade.  The  washed  or  rounded  quartz  bowl- 
ders, the  gravel,  the  pipeclay,  the  silicified  and 
carbonized  trees  in  the  gravel-banks,  and  the 
gold  itself,  are  assumed  to  be  evidences  of 
fluviatile  deposition. 

It  is  also  argued  that  the  numerous  writers 
on  the  sabject  could  not  be  mistaken;  these 
authors  will  be  quoted  when  it  is  desired  to  in- 
form the  reader  upon  what  grounds  their 
opinions  were  based.  It  will  be  shown  that 
all  the  facts  stated  above  may  be  freely  admit* 
ted  without  detracting  iu  any  degree  from  the 
validity  of  the  new  theory, 

W.  A.  Goodyear,  in  an  article  to  the  Mount- 
ain Democrat  quoted  in  the  Mining  and 
Scientific  Press,  Vo).  23,  1S71,  fol.  329,  wrote 
as  follows  .»'***  There  is  bat  one  pos- 
sible agency  whioh  is  at  all  capable  of  satisfao- 
torily  accounting  for  the  complex  and  intricate 
phenomena,  and  that  this  is  to  be  found  tb<^ 
action  of  fresh  and  running  waters."  *•  *  * 
These  views  will  be  thoroughly  diacussedin  the 
forthcomine  report  of  J.  D.  Whitney. 

Prof  J.  D  Whitney  {'*  Auriferous  Gravels 
of  the  Sierra  Nevada  of  California,"  Cambridge, 
ISSO),  fol.  241,  thus  strongly  expresses  an  opin- 
ion, the  exact  reverse  of  mine:  "The  gravels 
were  then,  as  now,  the  result  of  finviatile  ac- 
tion. The  rivers  which  did  the  work  of  round- 
ing and  polishing  the  innumerable  bowlders 
and  pebbles  which  these  older  deposits  contain 
■are  doing  the  same  thing  now,  although  with 
diminished  power."  Fol.  294::  "The  main  re- 
sults which  have  been  attained  in  the  explora- 
tion of  the  high  gravel  deposits  of  the  Sierra 
Nevada  are  these:  That  these  detrital  masses 
are  the  work  of  rivers  whioh  are  of  Tertiary 
aB«.  as  will  be  more  fully  set  forth,"  etc,  Fol. 
295:  "  Agiin,  it  is  perfectly  clear  that  the 
shaping  of  the  surface  of  the  bedrock  and  all 
the  erosion  which  has  taken  place  since  the  be- 
ginning of  the  gravel  epoch  h»ve  been  exclu- 
sively the  work  of  water.  *  *  *  It  can  be 
set  down,  however,  as  established  beyond  any 
possibility  of  doubt,  that  ice  had  nothing  to  do 
with  any  part  of  the  erosion  of  the  gravel 
period." 

These  extraots  are  given  to  show  that  I  am 
not  ignorant  of  the  opinion  of  Prof.  Whitney, 
which,  however,  does  not  prevent  me  from  ad- 
hering to  my  own,  the  result  of  long   study  of 


the  subject,  the  looalitiea   and   the  auriferous 
deposits  in  detail. 

Arsunients  ABatnet  the  Anclcnt-Rlver 
Theory. 

Dr.  J.  B.  Trask,  the  first  State  Geologist  of 
California,  was  the  first  to  advance  the  ancient 
or  dead-river  theory,  although,  like  all  other 
writers  on  the  sabject  whose  works  I  have  con- 
sulted, he  ^oon  foaod  reason  to  doubt  it. 

In  bis  '*  Report  on  the  Geology  of  the  Coast 
Mountains,  Aestmbly  Dooument  No.  9,  1S54," 
on  folio  62,  may  be  fonnd  the  following: 
"  From  the  examinations  that  were  made  on 
this  range  there  are  abundant  evidenoes  that 
an  ancient  stream  flowed  through  this  section 
of  the  country  and  in  a  parallel  direction  with 
its  then  exietiog  mountain  ridgfs,  and  the  ex 
tensive  mining  operations  conducted  in  the 
southeast  part  of  Sierra  county  on  this  range 
have  been  the  means  of  demonstrating  this 
fact." 

On  folio  64  he  calls  attention  to  certain  facte 
strangely  at;  variance  with  this  theory,  as  fol- 
lows: "  The  organic  matters  deposited  are 
perfect  in  their  forms,  the  most  delioate  parts 
of  leaves  are  truthfully  preserved  to  nature,  the 
material  in  whioh  they  are  imbedded  is  that 
usually  found  suspended  in  waters  that  were 
but  slightly  disturbed,  and  when  disintegrated, 
yields  an  almost  impalpable  powder.  Not  a 
pebble  nor  even  coarse  sand  is  to  be  found  in 
any  part  of  it.  lo  fact,  every  feature  that 
would  indicate  a  quiet  state  of  waters  is  ful- 
filled in  the  seotioo  under  consideration," 

Folio  61,  he  traoes  the  placer  deposit  70 
miles  and  assumes  it  to  be  fiar  miles  wide 
This  rPDort  was  written  in  1853,  and  presented 
to  the  Legislature  early  in  1854. 

William  P  Blake,  1S54,  visited  the  mines  at 
Mokelomne  Uill  and  the  mining  region  near 
Georgetown,  and  wrote  as  follows  ("Geologi- 
cal Raport,  Explorations  and  Surveys  fmm  the 
Mississippi  River  to  the  Pacific  Ocean,  Pacific 
Riilroad  Reports,"  Vol.  5,  fol.  273):  "It 
would  appear  from  this  seotion  that  there  was 
an  alternation  of  quiet  and  running  waters.  The 
deposition  of  the  clay  and  pumioe  was  interrupt- 
ed by  a  swift  current  bringing  gravel  and  gold, 
and  this  current  was  probably  similar  to  that 
whioh  first  spread  the  gold  on  the  uneven  sur- 
face of  the  slate?.  It  is  probable,  also,  that 
the  current  was  sudden  and  powerful,  for  if  it 
had  fi>wed  for  a  long  time,  the  olay  would 
have  been  swept  away  before  the  gravel 
was  laid  down.  The  gravel  must  have  accom- 
panied the  S.3od,  and  thisaoted  as  a  barrier  to 
the  denudation  of  the  layer  of  clay  balow."  Fol. 
277:  "  The  river  drift  containing  gold  appears 
under  a  variety  of  forms.  It  may  be  either 
coarse  or  fine,  but  is  found  in  all  ages  from  the 
accumulations  now  forming  in  the  beds  of 
streams  and  on  bars  to  the  deposits  of  rivers 
which  formerly  flowed  over  the  snrfaoe  2500 
feet  higher  than  now.  The  courses  of  such  an- 
cient streams  are  disoovered  by  the  miners  and 
followed  by  them  in  their  underground  exp'ora- 
tions.  AU  the  peculiarities  whioh  the  beds  of 
rivers  present,  the  water-worn  surfaces,  pot- 
holes  and  some  scale  gold  are  found  in  them." 

Since  I  commenced  the  preparation  of  this 
paper,  I  became  aware  of  the  fact  that  Prof. 
Ndwberry,  aa  early  as  1S57,  was  of  the  opinion 
that  the  auriferous  beds  of  California  lay  in  ioe 
ohannels.  (Annual  of  Scientific  Discovery,  1857, 
fol.  327  ) 

These  authors  were  followed  by  others,  and 
the  theory  was  assumed  rather  than  proven. 
The  following  are  among  the  numerous  persons 
who  have  written  on  this  subject: 

Charles  S,  Capp,  Letters  in  thu  San  Francisco 
Bulled  ri. 

J.  D.  Whitney,  Geological  Survey  of  California, 
1861-1864. 

James  Hector,  M.  D.,  Quarlpr'y  fournal  of  the 
Geolneical  Society  of  London;  Vol.  XVII,  1861. 

P.  Lau',  Report  on  the  Production  of  the  Precious 
Metals  in  Cahlornia  to  Minister  of  Public  Works, 
Paris.  1862. 

Titus  Fey  Cronise,  Natural  Wealth  of  California, 
San  Francisco,  1858. 

J,  S.  Hittell,  Overland  Monthly,  Vol.  i,  San 
Francisco,  1868. 

J.  S.  Hittell,  Resources  of  California,  San  Fran- 
cisco, 1879.  -   ^    ,. 

Joseph  LeConte.  Ou  the  oIH  river  beds  of  i.a.h- 
imu\z\  American  Journal  0/  Science,  Third  Series, 
Vol.  XIX,  iSSo. 

I.  D  Whitney,  Auriferous  Gravels  of  the  Sierra 
Nevada  of  Calilornia.  Cambridge,  Mass..  1880. 

Andrew  Larsen,  Mining  and  Scientific  Press, 
Vol.  XLI;  reprinted  in  Production  of  Gold  and  Sil- 
ver in  the  United  Slates,  Burchard,  Washington, 
1880. 

C.  J.  Brown,  Mining  and  Scientific  Press, 
Vol.  XXXI. 

James  J.  McGiHivray,  Mining  and  Scientific 
Press,  Vol.  XLII.  ■     «     , 

R  chthoven,  Natural  System  of  Volcanic  Rocks; 
Memoir  California  Academy  of  Sciences,  San  Fran- 
cisco. 1868.  ,-,.,. 

W.  A,  Goodyear,  Paper  read  before  the  California 
Academy  0I  Sciences,  and  published  in  the  Evening 
Bullciin.  San  Francisco,  Vol.  XLVIII,  No.  140. 

C.  J.  Brown,  Mineral  Resources  of  West  of  the 
Rocky  MoiintAins;  Raymond,  Washington.  1877. 

Henry  DeGroot,  Second  Annual  Report  State 
Mineralogist  of  California,  Sicramentb,  i882,  Ap- 
pendix, fol.  134. 

An  article  on  the  origin  of  anoieot  rivers,  by 
"Old  Sierra,"  appeared  In  the  Mining  and 
SciENTiFJC  Press.  Vol.  19,  August,  1869,  fol. 
130.  After  desoribiug  the  different  varieties  of 
gravel  deposits,  the  writer  thus  oontinues: 
"These  two  kinds  of  cement  conglomerates 
cover  a  vast  portion  of  Central  Plumas  oounty 
and  parts  of  Sierra  and  Placer  counties,  and 
present  unmistakable  evidences  of  the  bed  of  a 
great  lake,  or  chain  of  lakes,  forming  the  west- 


ern border  of  a  chain  of  volcanic  basins  to  the 
east,  the  aooroe  of  the  old  river  channels  " 

Jhn  S  Hitttll  (OweWand  Afon/Afy.  Vol.  I. 
1869,)  contrtbales  an  able  article  on  the  dead 
ttVers  of  California,  in  which  he  advances,  as 
far  ae  known  at  that  day,  all  the  arguments  in 
favor  of  the  old  river  theory;  but  while  the 
reader  is  referred  to  the  paper  for  muob  valu- 
able and  interesting  information  on  the  sub* 
ject,  I  am  constrained  to  disagree  with  Mr. 
Bittell  and  oall  attention  to  certain  incongru- 
ities iu  the  paper  referred  to.  Admitting  his 
facts  to  be  indisputable  and  his  descriptions  ad- 
mirable, it  is  only  his  conclusions  to  which  I 
take  exception. 

He  states  what  is  understood  by  a  dead 
river,  shows  tha*  at  the  time  of  writing  tbey 
had  produced  $HOO.OOO,000  in  cold  and  were 
yielding  at  the  rate  of  $8,000,000  annually; 
that  the  blue  lead  conld  be  traced  65  miles  and 
must  have  flowed  many  hundreds  of  milee;  the 
elevation  of  this  channel  was  5000  feet  at  the 
highest  point,  2800  feet  at  the  lowest,  a  grade 
equal  to  'XS  feet  to  the  mile.  After  asking  the 
question,  "  Whence  oomes  all  the  quartz  of  the 
blue  lead?"  he  replies:  **It  oame  from  the  far 
North.  The  immense  size  of  the  bowlders  im- 
plies a  mighty  current;  these  in  the  lowest 
stratum  average  in  some  places  a  ton,  and  many 
are  fonnd  of  20  tone;  they  are  not  found  here 
and  there,  scattered  as  though  they  had  tum- 
bled down  from  the  banks  of  the  river  near 
where  they  were  found,  but  they  are  evenly 
distributed  in  a  stratum  of  tqual  thickness 
across  the  whole  bed  and  for  miles  in   length." 

Df.  Henry  Dj  Groot,  a  fine  writer,  close  ob- 
server and  firm  advocate  of  the  old-river  the- 
ory, contributed  an  appendix  to  the  Second 
Annual  Report  of  the  State  Mineralogist  of 
California,  1882.  After  accurately  describing 
Che  channels  whioh  he  asserts  were  old  river- 
beds, like  other  authors  on  this  subjeot,  he 
proceeds  to  call  bis  ownconclasions  in  qufstion 
in  a  numb'ir  of  instances.  On  fol.  144  he 
writes:  "Viewed  as  a  whole,  this  old  river 
system  with  its  short  main  trunk,  its  long 
branches  and  their  ramifications,  presented 
much  f'be  appearance  of  a  wide-spread  oak." 
*  *  *  **  The  most  of  these  departed  rivers 
were,  in  fact,  exceedingly  crooked — so  much 
so  that  their  numerous  and  violent  sinuosities, 
by  creating  the  appearance  of  parallel  chan- 
nels in  close  proximity  to  each  othes,  have  led 
some  observers  into  the  mistake  of  unduly 
multiplying  their  number.  At  several  points 
along  them  this  feature  becomes  strikingly  ap< 
parent.  How  devious  must  have  been  the 
course  of  the  main  south  trunk  along  that  por- 
tion of  its  route  reaching  from  Gold  Run  to 
Quaker  Hill,  is  disclosed  by  the  fact  that  it 
ran,  or  is  supposed  to  have  rnn,  through  all  the 
leading  mining  oampsbetween  those  two  places. 
As  its  passage  through  these  several  looali- 
tiea would  render  the  course  of  this  great  south 
artery  a  perfect  plication,  there  is  warrant, 
perhaps,  for  assuming  that  there  occurred  at 
this  point  a  network  of  these  ancient  channels, 
a  number  of  them  having  come  in  from  various 
directions  and  centered  here,  this  being  more 
reasonable  than  to  suppose  that  the  main  trunk 
nursued  a  course  so  exceedingly  tortuous. 
Elsewhere  this  stream,  as  laid  down  on  the 
map  referred  to,  would  have  appeared  to  have 
followed  a  course  eqoally  caprioious,  runniug 
within  a  linear  stretch  of  a  few  miles  toward 
almost  every  point  of  the  compass." 

When  the  Sicond  Annual  R'^portof  the  State 
Mineralogist  was  published,  1SS2,  I  accepted 
the  populor  theory  under  protest,  although 
certain  discordant  facts  bad  even  then  been 
discovered,  as  the  following  quotations  will 
show  : 

Fol.  95  :  "  This  interesting  subject  is  mentioned 
here  in  this  general  way  to  show  that  the  gold  in 
our  gravels  is  derived  from  the  bedrocks  and  prob- 
ably not  from  outside  sources.  The  quartz  veins  in 
metamorphic  rocks,  called  in  California  'bedrocks,' 
were  broken  and  worn  by  the  erosive  force  of  the 
ancient  rivers,  by  glaciers,  and  by  forces  lately 
noticed  and  yet  to  be  mentioned.  The  smaller 
fragments  were  crushed  to  sand,  while  the  larger  be- 
came the  quartz  bowlders  so  common  in  the  hy- 
draulic mines.  In  this  disintegration  process,  gold 
iri  quariz  veins  was  set  free,  while  other  metals,  as 
lead,  iron,  copper  and  xinc,  yielding  to  the  action  of 
the  elements,  changed  to  compounds  and  were  lost 
to  view.  Ice  very  propably  had  much  to  do  with 
the  disintegration  of  the  rocks  in  ancient  times. 
Some  phenomena  have  been  observed  which  can  in 
no  other  way  be  explained." 

Fol.  96  :  "I  have  reason  to  believe  that  we  have 
been  generally  mistaken  as  to  the  genesis  of  the 
auriferous  gravels  in  the  beds  of  ancient  rivers;  for 
river-beds  they  are,  without  a  reasonable  doubt. 
But  the  theory  that  these  immense  bodies  of  gravel 
were  deposited  by  a  great  flood,  by  a  series  of  floods, 
by  long  deposition  or  by  the  rivers  themselves, 
does  not  account  for  the  gold  in  them.  The  micro- 
scope seems  to  show  that  they  are  not  river  sand  at 
all  and  have  never  been  far  removed  from  the  place 
that  gave  them  birth.  I  have  e.xarained  samples 
from  many  localities,  including  some  of  the  most 
noted  hydraulic  mines  in  the  State,  and  the  result  is 
invariably  the  same.  The  sand  grains  are  all  sharp 
and  angular,  and  not  at  all  worn  as  are  those  from 
the  seashore,  the  great  Colorado  desert,  the  agri- 
cultural soils,  and  the  beds  of  the  present  rivers.  To 
verify  these  results,  I  pulverized  quartz  on  an  iron 
slab  to  different  degrees  of  fineness  and  examined  it 
under  the  microscope,  finding  it  identical  with  the 
sands  from  the  gravels  of  the  gold  placers.'' 

Fol.  98  :  "  No  observant  person  can  study  these 
sands  under  the  microscope  without  feeling  that  he 
is  looking  at  the  ruins  of  the  rocks.  There  can  be 
no  doubt  that  each  litlie  grain  owes  its  condition  to 
some  powerful  cause  which  has  acted  on  larger 
rock  fragments  or  formation  with  sudden  force,  and 
that  the  sands  are  not  the  result  of  slow  disinte- 
{ Continued  on  page  2jj. ) 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Apeil  5,  1890) 


n^lNIJ^G   SUMMAF^Y, 

The  followiDK  Is  mostly  coudensed  from  journals  publiflhed 
lo  the  interior,  in  proximity  to  the  mines  mentioned,  -i 


OALIFOBNIA. 

Amador. 
Sutter  Creek.  —  Cor.  Amador  Ledger,  March 
29;  Contract  work  at  the  Lincoln  mine  is  finished, 
and  the  men  now  at  work  taking  out  ore.  The  mill 
was  started  last  week  and  Mr.  Stewart  feels  confi- 
dent of  beins  able  to  keep  it  running  steadily  all  the 
summer.  W.  E.  Darrow  of  New  York  Ranch  and 
J.  Bawden  of  this  town  have  charge  of  the  mill,  and 
■whatever  gold  there  is  in  the  rock  they  will  be  apt 
to  get.  Drifting  at  the  North  Star  is  still  in  prog- 
ress, with  nothing  new  to  report.  Unless  something 
is  encountered  shortly,  sinking  will  again  be  resort- 
ed to. 

Cosmopolitan.— Amador  Ledger,  March  29: 
The  ore  crushed  from  this  mine  so  far  has  not  come 
up  to  expectations.  Indeed  it  has  fallen  consider- 
ably below  paying  expenses.  What  the  exact  yield 
per  ton  has  been  we  are  unable  to  say,  but  the  fact 
that  the  mill  has  been  brought  to  a  standstill,  after 
running  long  enough  to  test  the  quality  of  the  quartz 
at  present  in  sight,  is  sufficient  proof  that  it  fell 
short  of  the  paying  standard.  The  owners,  how- 
ever, are  determined  to  do  considerable  prospect- 
ing. They  have  a  long  stretch— two  full  claims— 
along  the  mother  lode,  and  in  this  territory  there  is 
no  reason  why  they  should  not  encounter  good  pay 
ore.  A  drift  is  now  being  run  north  to  tap  a  large 
ledge,  the  croppings  of  which  show  very  strongly  on 
the  north  side  of  Dry  creek.  The  distance  to  be 
run  is  several  hundred  feet,  and  it  will  take  some 
months  to  reach  the  desired  point. 

Loyal  Lead. — Active  work  has  been  resumed 
on  this  mine,  situated  in  the  Black  Hills  country, 
near  the  Gover.  This  week  G.  R.  Breese  sold  the 
greater  part  of  his  interest  in  the  property,  retain- 
ing half  a  share,  or  one-fortieth  interest.  The  mill 
is  to  be  put  in  running  order  and  started  up  as  soon 
as  possible. 

Reeves. — This  mine  is  owned  by  the  five  princi- 
pal stockholders  of  the  South  Cosmopolitan  Co. 
The  20-stamp  mill  is  running  steadily.  No  regular 
cleanup  has  been  made  as  yet,  but  from  the  amount 
of  gold  obtained  from  the  plates,  the  owners  are 
sanguine  tbat  they  have  struck  a  good  thing.  The 
claim  is  located  about  a  mile  north  of  the  Cosmo- 
politan. 

Miscellaneous  —Another  cleanup  has  been 
made  at  the  McKenzie  Bros.'  mine  at  Irishtown, 
which  turned  out  as  satisfactory  as  the  last.  It  is 
pleasing  to  be  able  to  report  a  paying  mine  in  opera- 
tion in  this  district.  It  is  a  region  where  Nature  has 
scattered  large  quartz  deposits,  and  the  fact  of  one 
paying  property  in  activity  will  encourage  other 
mine-owners  in  the  locality  to  start  their  claims.  It 
is  confidently  believed  that  a  fair  amount  of  pros, 
pecting  would  result  in  a  number  of  good  mines  be. 
ing  opened  in  this  vicinity.  The  McKenzie  claim 
was  closed  for  a  few  days  this  week,  waiting  the  ar. 
rival  of  some  castings  for  the  mill  from  San  Fran- 
cisco. The  Kennedy,  we  are  pleased  to  state,  is 
looking  better  than  at  any  time  since  the  present 
company  took  hold  of  it.  The  ledge  at  the  lowest 
levels  is  turning  out  some  fine  rock,  keeping  the  40- 
stamp  mill  in  steady  operation.  Altogether  the 
prospects  of  the  mine  have  greatly  improved  by  the 
last  sinking. 

Calaveras. 
MUKPHYS.— Cor.  Calaveras  Prospect,  March  29: 
Preparatory  arrangements  are  seen  at  all  points  of 
the  compass,  in  this  district,  for  an  active  season  in 
mining  matters  the  coming  summer.  Considerable 
prospecting  is  being  done  now  that  the  weather  has 
become  more  settled,  and  we  look  for  better  and 
more  prosperous  times  to  succeed  the  extraordinary 
dull  spell  just  passed  through.  At  the  Norfolk  mine 
an  increased  number  of  miners  have  been  put  to 
work  in  the  underground  works,  and  the  compressor 
is  kept  in  constant  motion.  The  Total  Wreck  Co. 
has  its  mill  ready  for  crushing,  and  it  will  soon  be 
in  motion.  Much  is  expected  from  this  mine,  as  a 
number  of  tons  worked  in  the  Oro  Plata  mill  has 
given  a  high  average.  Mr.  Campbell  of  San  Fran- 
cisco, the  owner,  is  expected  here  soon,  to  be  pres- 
ent at  the  starting  up  of  the  mill.  He  is  highly 
elated  with  his  purchase.  The  Morse  gravel  mine 
on  Central  Hill,  once  so  famous  for  its  enormous 
yield  of  gold,  is  in  full  operation,  and  a  vigorous 
prosecution  of  work  is  the  order  now  since  the  ad- 
vent of  good  weather.  At  the  adjoining  mine  of  Wm. 
Thomas  &  Co.,  where  the  recent  fatal  accident  oc- 
curred, causing  the  death  of  R.  Roberts,  they  are 
busily  engaged  with  the  surface  diggings  on  their 
immense  gravel  claim.  The  different  mines  in  the 
Stanislaus  region  are  now  inert;  one  vast  sheet  of 
snow  still  blankets  that  whole  district.  When  the 
snow  shall  have  disappeared,  a  party  is  expected  up 
from  below  to  take  hold  of  the  property. 

Invo. 

Cerro  Gordo. — Inyo  Index,  March  26;  A  cor- 
respondent sends  the  following  items  of  interest  from 
Cerro  Gordo:  Generally  dull  at  present.  A  few 
men  are  prospecting  in  the  Union  at  the  400  and 
700  levels.  John  Thomas  and  Wm.  Crapo  both 
have  good  prospects.  Thomas  has  sunk  40  feet  and 
has  taken  out  a  few  tons  of  high-grade  lead  ore. 
Crapo  is  working  on  his  prospect,  about  300  feet 
south  of  the  Union,  which  has  every  indication  of  a 
large  body  of  ore. 

Antimony. — There  is  probably  no  place  on  earth 
where  antimony  so  abounds  as  in  the  region 
bordering  Death  valley.  The  section  referred 
to  embraces  southern  Esmeralda,  eastern  and 
southeastern  Inyo  and  northern  San  Bernardino 
counties.  Near  Panamint  in  this  county,  which 
is  about  the  center  of  this  great  mineral  belt, 
antimony  predominates.  A  prospector  who  made  a 
recent  location  there,  in-  Wild  Rose  district  we  be- 
lieve, informs  us  that  the  surface  of  his  claim  is  cov- 
ered with  immense  bowlders  of  antimony  that  assay 
60  to  80  per  cent  in  that  metal,  and  that  thousands 
of  tons  of  it  he  there  exposed,  requiring  only  to  be 
broken  and  sacked  and  a  means  of  transportation. 
■  In  fact,  the  latter  necessity  has  been  the  one  draw- 
back to  the  development  of  that  great  mineral  region. 
Perhaps  the  sudden  appreciation  in  the  value  of  an- 
timony may  result  in  turning  the  attention  of  capital 
in  this  direction.  Only  a  few  weeks  ago  some  par- 
ties from  Los  Angeles  bonded  a  number  of  antimony 
locations  in  the  Death  valley  section,  said  to  be  in 
the  interest  of  an  Eastern  or  European  syndicate. 


Nearly  all  ores  found  in  this  county  carry  more  or 
less  of  antimony. 

Mining  Prospects. — Andy  FyfFe,  superintend- 
ent of  the  Kinkade  M.  Co.,  says  it  is  the  intention 
of  the  company  to  ship  in  machinery  as  soon  as  the 
new  wagon -road  is  completed.  They  will  put  up  an 
So-ton  water-jacket  furnace.  We  arp  under  obliga- 
tions to  Jas.  C.  Crocker  for  mining  news  from  tbat 
section  of  the  country.  Mr.  Crocker  was  all  through 
the  mines.  They  had  sunk  a  new  shaft  80  feet  deep, 
in  ore  all  the  way  which  averages  $45  per  ton  in  sil- 
ver and  64  per  cent  in  lead.  Tbe  red  oxide  iron  ore 
goes  $81.80  per  ton  in  gold.  The  ledge  has  been 
traced  for  15  miles,  cropping  out  most  of  that  dis- 
tance. They  have  an  abundance  of  wood  and  water 
near  the  mines.  Mr.  Fyffe  says  he  can  furnish  char- 
coal at  eight  cents  per  bushel  by  putting  up  large 
ovens.  There  are  a  great  many  prospectors  at  work 
in  that  district  already.  We  also  learn  that  there 
have  been  several  other  properties  there  bonded  to 
San  Francisco  parties  during  the  past  week.  Mr. 
Fyffe  told  Mr.  Crocker  he  thought  there  would  be 
500  men  at  work  in  that  district  before  next  fall. 
Sam  Piper  has  made  a  very  rich  discovery  in  this 
county,  about  10  miles  northeast  of  Gilbert's  ranch, 
near  his  old  arastra.  He  has  two  men  at  work  and 
has  run  a  drift  in  on  the  ledge  about  40  leet.  The 
ledge  is  30  inches  wide  and  assays  $70  per  tofi  in 
gold.  So  Inyo  county  is  coming  to  the  front  once 
more,  and  will  receive  a  benefit  also  on  completion 
of  the  road  to  Esmeralda  county,  Nevada,  which 
has  yielded  up  her  millions  and  has  billions  left  for 
honest  toil. 

Saline  Valley  Borax  Deposits.— Cor.  Indt 
pendent,  March  28:  The  borax  deposits  in  Saline 
valley  extend  over  a  portion  of  four  townships. 
The  principal  portion  ol  the  borax  deposit  is  in  the 
northwest  part  of  township  No.  14  S.  R.  38  E. 
The  marsh  portion  of  the  valley  has  an  area  of  from 
25  to  30  square  miles.  The  best  portion  of  the  de- 
posit is  at  the  southwest  border  of  the  valley  and 
has  an  area  of  two  to  three  square  miles.  This  is 
the  low.est  point  in  the  valley,  the  altitude  being 
about  iioofeet.  The  borax  belt  and  a  soda  belt 
cross  each  other  at  this  portion  of  the  valley,  form- 
ing the  combination  known  as  borate  of  soda.  The 
course  of  these  belts,  as  near  as  I  can  determine, 
soda,  north,  20'^  east;  borax,  north  20"  west. 
The  deposits  of  borate  of  soda  found  on  the  west 
side  of  the  marsh  are  heavy  and  rich,  but  not  regu- 
larly distributed  over  the  surface.  This  indicates 
that  the  deposits  have  been  formed  by  water  run- 
ning in  a  number  of  channels,  or  "washes,"  from 
the  northeast  to  the  southwest  side.  The  deposit 
on  the  east  side  of  the  marsh  extends  for  a  distance 
of  four  to  five  miles  in  a  northwesterly  and  south- 
easterly direction  and  is  rich  in  borax  and  very 
evenly  distributed.  When  the  borax  found  on  the 
surface  is  removed,  another  deposit  speedily  forms 
which  seems,  judging  from  ordinary  tests,  to  be  as 
rich  as  the  original  deposits.  At  the  northeast 
edge  of  the  marsh  there  rises  out  of  the  bedrock 
a  number  of  springs,  the  water  of  which  is  strongly 
impregnated  with  boracic  acid.  The  water  from 
all  these  springs  quickly  sinks  into  the  marsh,  the 
flow  being  strongest  from  October  till  April  of  each 
year.  The  belts  of  borax  and  soda  already  spoken 
of,  in  their  course  southerly  are  far  separated  at 
the  extreme  south  side  of  the  valley,  and  on  that 
side  of  the  marsh  is  found  a  deposit  of  borate  of 
lime,  more  commonly  called  "cotton-ball."  The 
supply  of  wood  and  water  in  the  valley  is  abun- 
dant. In  my  judgment  there  is  not  a  place  in  tbe 
United  States  where  borax  can  be  got  at  so  small 
a  cost  as  in  Saline  valley.  Messrs.  Conn  &  Trudo 
have  made  a  fairly  good  road  from  their  works  in 
Saline  valley  to  Alvord  station  on  tbe  C.  &  C.  rail- 
road. The  length  of  the  road  is  45  miles. 
Mariposa. 
The  Whitlock  Mines.  —  Mariposa,  A'ews, 
March  29;  The  season  opens  with  bright  prospects 
in  the  quartz-mining  industry  over  in  the  Whitlock 
mining  district.  Ellingham  &  Grove  have  pur- 
chased the  5-stamp  mill  formerly  owned  and  oper- 
ated by  Dr.  Robinson  on  Sherlock's  creek,  between 
White's  Flat  and  the  old  camp,  and  will  remove  it 
to  a  convenient  point  on  Whitlock's  creek,  at  the 
site  occupied  by  the  little  prospecting  mill.  They 
have  about  1000  tons  of  milling  ore  on  hand  ready 
for  crushing.  Heisser  &  Peregoy  have  a  splendid 
prospect  in  their  claim  near  Ike  Lyon's  place. 
They  sunk  a  shaft  50  feet  in  depth  and  run  a  cross- 
cut developing  a  vein  of  about  9  feet  in  thickness, 
showing  free  gold  as  well  as  rich  sulphurets,  and 
are  now  crushing  the  ore  at  the  prospecting- milt  of 
Ellingham  &  Grove.  In  the  opinion  of  men  who 
have  good  judgment,  based  on  experience  in  min- 
ing and  mining,  the  ore  now  being  crushed  will 
yield  about  $20  a  ton  in  free  gold.  If  there  has 
been  no  mistake  made  in  the  assays  of  concentrated 
sulphurets  and  in  figuring  the  estimates  of  the  per- 
centage contained  in  tbe  ore  body,  the  gross  yield 
per  ton  will  aggregate  something  over  $100.  Mr. 
Grove  thinks  this  mine  is  going  to  develop  a  bo- 
nanza. N.  J.  Farrens  is  at  work  on  the  Bull  Dog 
vein  which  showed  up  in  good  form  last  year. 
From  a  crushing  of  five  tons  of  quartz  a  little  over 
$55  was  obtained.  Since  the  above  was  in  type, 
Messrs.  Peregoy  and  Heisser  came  in  from  Whit- 
lock's and  reported  the  result  of  their  cleanup. 
They  crushed  17  tons  of  quartz  which  yielded,  in 
free  gold,  iS  ounces  and  $10,  which  is  within  a 
fraction  of  the  previous  estimate  of  520  per  ton. 
They  estimate  the  sulphurets  to  amount  to  one  per 
cent  of  the  ore  body.  Sample  assays  show  a  yield 
of  $11,000  to  the  ton  of  concentrated  sulphurets. 
They  have  from  300  to  400  pounds  as  the  result  of 
their  late  work  and  will  ship  them  below  for  a  prac- 
tical test.  In  crosscutting  the  vein  they  ran  7}^ 
feet  and  were  not  through  it  when  the  winter  storms 
drove  them  out.  The  body  of  sulphurei  ore  was 
five  feet  in  thickness.  Everything  confirms  the 
truth  of  the  statement,  based  on  estimates  made  by 
practical  miners  and  a  personal  knowledge  of  that 
district,  that  this  is  a  mine  and  Whitlock's  will 
soon  come  to  the  front  as  a  lively  mining  camp. 

Diltz  Mine. — Cor.  Mariposa  Gazc/te.  March  29: 
It  is  a  long  time  since  anything  has  been  reported 
from  the  mines  over  here,  and  there  is  not  much 
now  that  is  interesting.  I  have  had  more  water 
than  I  needed  or  wanted,  overflowing  ditches  and 
causing  huge  landslides  from  the  hanging-wall  of  the 
mine,  and  covering  over  the  two  best  timbered  and 
deepest  shafts,  where  I  made  the  most  gold  and 
have  the  best  quartz.  I  have  spent  considerable 
time  sluicing  on  the  north  side  of  the  hill  uncovering 
a  fine  vein.  The  worst  thing  to  contend  with  is  a 
heavy  bank  of  pipe  clay,  which  crosses  the  vein  and 


will  carry  away  all  the  gold  that  will  stick  to  it.  I 
have  now  uncovered  100  feet  of  a  splendid  vein,  a 
continuation  of  the  *'big  nugget"  vein,  and  if  the 
water  holds  out,  soon  will  have  200  feel  of  the  hang- 
ing-wall uncovered, 

Nevada. 
Mining  Operations  to  be  Commenced. — 
Grass  Valley  U?iion,  March  29:  The  Ben  FrankHn 
mining  property,  situated  on  the  Osborne  Hill  range 
and  near  the  lower  Colfax  road,  which  was  recently 
bonded  to  a  Chicago  company,  will  have  work  start- 
ed up  at  an  early  day,  the  only  delay  being  caused 
by  the  bad  condition  of  the  roads,  which  proves  a 
drawback  to  the  hauling  of  the  necessary  machinery; 
but  when  the  roads  are  sufficiently  dried  up  the  work 
of  putting  up  steam-hoisting  and  pumping  works 
will  be  commenced  and  pushed.  The  Ben  Franklin 
is  an  old  location,  one  among  the  first  made  in  the 
district,  and  at  the  time  that  locations  were  made  in 
square  claims.  The  claim  originally  made  on  the  Ben 
Franklin  was  worked  down  to  the  boundary  lines 
and  the  present  company  owns  the  ground  below  on 
the  dips  and  angles.  The  mine  has  yielded  fine  ore 
and  there  is  a  large  extent  of  virgin  ground  yet  to  be 
worked.  The  Chicago  company,  wtiich  is  under- 
stood to  be  a  strong  one,  has  paid  a  portion  of  the 
purchase  price  of  the  property,  which  was  one  of  the 
conditions  of  the  bond.  Besides  the  Bsn  Franklin, 
tbe  Lafayette  mine,  in  the  same  vicinity,  is  soon  to 
be  started  up  under  the  auspices  of  a  San  Francisco 
company.  This  claim  is  on  the  western  slope  of 
Osborne  hill,  and  above  and  parallel  to  the  Alaska 
mine.  New  machinery  will  be  put  up  as  5pon  as  the 
weather  conditions  are  considered  favorable.  The 
S".  Johns  or  Knights  of  Malta  mine  is  also  to  be 
started  up  with  the  least  possible  delay  by  a  local 
company,  although  some  of  the  stock  has  been  tak- 
en by  San  Francisco  parties.  Steam- hoisting  works 
will  be  put  on  the  new  shaft,  which  is  a  short  dis- 
tance from  the  old  shaft.  The  ledge  in  this  mine  is 
very  strong  and  carries  a  very  rich  pay  streak.  With 
the  above  and  the  starting  up  of  the  Gold  Hill, 
Menlo,  Brunswick,  and  the  regular  work  of  tbe  old 
and  new  mines  now  operating,  the  present  year  is 
bound  to  be  one  of  unusual  activity  in  quartz  min- 
ing in  this  district. 

Placer. 
Quartz  Near  Auburn. — Placer  Herald,  March 
29:  The  Moore  quartz  mine,  located  about  a  mile 
and  a  half  west  of  Auburn,  and  owned  by  T.  M. 
Thorpe,  J.  W.  White  and  Walter  White,  is  one  of 
the  richest  lec'ges  that  has  ever  been  uncovered  in  this 
part  of  the  State.  When  the  present  owners  com- 
menced work  on  the  lead  they  found  a  shaft  about 
40  feet  deep,  which  had  been  sunk  years  ago  by 
some  Frenchmen,  and  from  which  rumor  said  they 
had  taken  out  considerable  money.  Why  the 
Frenchmen  abandoned  it  is  a  mystery,  for  when  Mr. 
Thorpe  and  the  White  boys  cleaned  out  the  shaft 
ihey  found  rock  in  the  bottom  which  showed  liber- 
ally in  free  gold.  They  began  at  once  to  go  down 
on  the  ledge, and  are  now  at  a  depth  of  150  feet  from 
the  surface,  and  in  sinking  the  110  feet  they  have 
taken  out  of  the  shaft  alone.  $18,000.  The  three 
owners  have  thus  far  done  their  own  work.  They 
take  it  moderately,  and  yet  realize  handsome  pay 
for  their  time.  The  rock  from  as  much  of  the  shaft 
as  they  sunk  last  summer,  yielded  them  about  $10,- 
000.  How  deep  the  pay  chute  is  they  have  no 
idea,  but  they  do  know  that  in  the  very  bottom  of 
their  present  works  the  rock  is  fairly  blocked  with 
gold.  The  ledge  on  the  surface  prospects  rich  for 
150  feet  that  they  know  of,  which  is  an  indication  of 
the  amount  of  money  they  will  take  out  as  soon  as 
they  get  ready  for  drifting  and  stoping.  Heretofore 
they  have  hoisted  the  water  and  rock  with  a  bucket 
and  whim,  but  to  facilitate  their  work  they  have  just 
put  in  place  a  ten-horse  power  engine  for  pumping 
and  hoisting,  and  a  trial  of  it  proved  very  satisfac- 
tory. The  ore  is  fabulously  rich,  and  has  been  so 
from  the  surface,  the  only  variation  being  its  gradual 
improvement  as  they  go  deeper.  The  width  of  Ihe 
pay  chute  as  indicated  from  the  surface,  and  its 
yet  indefinite  depth,  point  to  the  existence  of  a  mine 
of  inestimable  value,  and  one  which  in  some  re- 
mote and  almost  inaccessible  country  would  attract 
to  its  neighborhood  thousands  of  miners  and  mill- 
ions of  capital.  Quite  a  number  of  the  quartz 
mines  in  this  part  ol  the  country  are  getting  down 
to  a  steady  and  reliable  basis,  and  altogether  the 
outlook  for  quartz  mining  in  the  Auburn  and  Ophir 
districts  was  never  more  encouraging  than  at  pres- 
ent. 

Ophir  Mines, — Argus,  March  29:  Mr.  Hartley 
has  22  men  employed  at  the  Almont  mine.  The 
Huntington  mill  is  kept  running  on  good  ore,  while 
development  work  in  the  mine  is  being  vigorously 
prosecuted.  There  is  no  extravagance  visible  in 
the  equipment  of  this  mine,  and  we  consider  that 
Mr.  Hartley  has  so  far  shown  good  judgment  and 
managed  the  mine  very  successfully.  An  upright 
boiler  and  engine  is  used  for  pumping.  The  mill 
is  equipped  with  a  rock-breaker,  a  Huntington  mill 
with  self-feeds,  and  two  Woodbury  concentrators, 
all  of  which  ai-e  run  by  water-power.  A  drift  will 
be  run  several  hundred  feet  on  the  ledge  from  the 
main  shaft,  which  will  no  doubt  open  up  a  large 
amount  of  ore.  Mr.  Hartley  is  also  working  the  St. 
Lawrence  mine,  owned  by  Chas.  Reed.  The  upper 
tunnel  is  now  in  about  500  feet,  and  is  still  being 
driven  ahead  on  very  good  ore.  An  upraise  has 
been  started  on  the  ledge,  about  300  feet  from  the 
tunnel;  in  this  upraise  the  ledge  is  over  two  feet 
thick,  and  already  there  is  a  large  amount  of  ore  in 
sight.  The  ledge  is  well  defined,  and  is  evidently  a 
true  fissure  vein.  The  ore  from  this  mine  is  being 
crushed  at  the  Pelster  mill.  A  lower  tunnel  is  being 
driven  to  tap  the  ledge  at  a  greater  depth,  and  we 
believe  the  developments  will  warrant  the  erection  of 
a  mill  on  the  mine  in  the  near  future.  The  new  mill 
at  the  Eclipse  mine  is  nearly  completed,  and  will  be 
one  of  the  best  arranged  mills  in  the  county.  We 
did  not  insppct  the  underground  workings  of  the 
mine,  but  understand  that  the  ledge  is  increasing  in 
size,  and  the  ore  now  on  the  dump  and  in  the  mill 
certainly  looks  very  flattering.  Our  time  was  too 
short  to  visit  all  the  mines  about  Ophir,  but  we  un- 
derstood that  the  Hathaway  was  running  with  a  full 
force  and  paying  well.  Preparations  are  also  being 
made  to  begin  work  on  the  Gold  Blossom,  and  it 
seems  to  be  the  general  opinion  that  the  St.  Pat- 
rick, the  Crater,  and  several  other  mines  will  be  in 
operation  before  the  summer  passes.  One  thing 
noticeable  at  the  mines  about  Ophir  is,  that  the  Pel- 
ton  wheel  is  used  exclusively,  which  is  proof  that  it 
is  giving  general  satisfaction.  With  the  renewed 
activity  in  mining  and  the  prospect  of  a  lively  cam- 
paign, Ophir  bids  fair  to  be  one  of  the  liveliest  camps 


in  the  county,  and  will  no  doubt  receive  many  visits 
from  our  politicians.  T.  M.  Tharp  and  White 
Bros,  have  just  put  up  a  new  upright  boiler  and  en- 
gine on  the  Moore  mine  for  pumping  and  hoisting. 
Their  new  steam  pump  is  in  place,  and  they  expect 
to  begin  pumping  the  water  from  the  shaft  in  about, 
two  weeks.  At  present  they  are  working  on  the 
lead  about  300  feet  east  of  the  shaft,  and  axe  getting^ 
some  very  rich  rock  at  this  point, 

San  Dleso. 
Shackles  Basin  Placers.— Cor.  San  Diego. 
Sun,  March  26:  A  close  inspection  of  the  con- 
templated course  of  the  Mount  Tecarte  flume  de- 
velops the  fact  that  the  anticipated  difficulties  are' 
not  near  so  enormous  as  was  predicted.  The 
course  has  a  very  even  grade,  and  I  say  unhesitat- 
ingly, that  the  enterprise  can  be  effected  withoutt 
encroaching  upon  one  foot  of  Mexican  territoryv. 
The  Mount  Tecarte  M.  Co.  is  a  new  organizatioa^ 
on  old-worked  ground,  which  is  situated  in  close 
proximity  to  the  Cottonwood  river,  and  was  worked! 
some  13  years  ago  by  Mexicans,  some  of  whom' 
were  very  fortunate  in  getting  quite  a  wad  of  gold;, 
the  process  of  obtaining  it  being  dry  washing. 
This  way  appeared  to  be  an  up-hill  business,  and: 
the  placers  were  abandoned  until  very  recently, 
when  a  Mr.  Hanson  of  Arizona  gave  the  old  camp 
a  new  stimulus.  The  placers  are  quite  good,  and 
all  the  gulches,  ravines  and  canyons  are  possessed 
of  more  or  less  gold,  and  not  so  much  less  either,- 
Water  is  the  cry,  but  this  will  be  supplied  from  the 
Mount  Tecarte  flume,  which  will  run  close  enough 
to  the  diggings  to  supply  all  wants.  Your  readers 
can  form  an  opinion  as  lo  the  richness  of  these  dig- 
gings. The  following  I  personally  vouch  for: 
Messrs.  Johnson  &  McLean,  in  running  a  small 
cut.  obtained,  where  they  little  supposed  any  gold 
existed,  nearly  two  ounces  of  as  fine  gold  as  I  ever 
saw.  This  statement  is  the  bedrock  iru-th,  as  I  had 
the  gold  in  my  hand.  Some  of  the  other  gulches 
are  even  richer.  Mr.  Hanson's  discovery  consti- 
tutes one  of  the  largest  gold-bearing  ledges  on  the 
coast  It  can  be  traced  for  several  miles.  The 
developments  are  of  such  a  meager  sort  thaU 
I  am  unable  to  arrive  at  any  conclusion-,  buti 
am  satisfied  that  free  gold  has  been  seen  in' 
some  of  the  pieces  of  quartz.  In  conclusion,  I  Rave 
the  authority  for  stating  that  a  force  of  men  wilU 
commence  sinking  immediately. 

No  Contract  Let.— Julian  Seniiftel,  March  21: 
The  statement  made  in  these  columns  last  week, 
concerning  the  letting  of  the  contract  for  repairing 
the  old  shaft  of  tbe  Helvetia  mine,  was  made  on  the 
authority  of  Mr.  Hubbell.  It  has  since  turned  out 
that  the  contract  was  not  signed  at  the  time,  and 
some  minor  details  could  not  be  arranged  lo  suit  all 
parties,  so  the  contract  was  not  let  to  any  one. 

Julian. — We  were  shown  a  letter  this  week  from 
the  manager  of  the  Julian  G.  M.  &  M.  Co.  of  St. 
Louis,  which  contained  very  encouraging  news. 
The  parties  who  will  start  the  ball  rolling  will  leave" 
St.  Louis  the  ist  of  April,  and  promise  tto  surprise 
the  people  of  this  district  in  the  thorough  nsaoner  iiu 
which  they  intend  to  prosecute  the  work. 

Shasta. 

Old  Diggings  District.— Redding  Free  Press, 
March  29:  The  mill  at  the  Reid  mines  was  started 
up  last  week.  Mr.  F.  P.  Satterlee,  of  Shasta,  has 
charge  of  the  mill.  Several  more  men  have  been 
put  to  work  in  the  mine.  Mr.  Sherard  says  the 
mine  is  looking  fine  and  he  is  getting  confident  in 
this  side  of  the  river.  Mr.  Rippeto,  superintendent 
of  the  Walker  brothers'  mines,  has  returned  froor 
Salt  Lake  City  and  started  up  the  mill  Thursday 
morning.  It  was  a  welcome  sound  to  hear  the' 
whistle  once  more.  This  makes  mill  number  three- 
running  thus  far.  The  usual  force  has  also  been' 
put  to  work  in  the  mine  and  a  contract  let  to  run  a' 
tunnel.  An  important  chimney  of  ore  has  been  de- 
veloped lately  in  this  mine  and  it  is  looking  better 
than  ever. 

Beecher. — Shasta  Courier,  March  29:  In  the 
Beecher  mine  at  the  Gage  place  two  and  one-half 
miles  from  town,  the  workmen  in  the  long  tunnel 
struck  the  ledge  on  which  a  shaft  was  sunk  some 
depth  last  year.  The  ledge  is  three  feet  in  width 
and  prospects  very  satisfactorily,  and  all  the  indica- 
tions are  that  Beecher  is  the  owner  of  a  good  mine. 

Igo. — H.  C.  Reno  has  disposed  of  his  interest  of 
the  Chicago  and  Crystal  mines  lease  to  H.  S.  Hillp 
of  Elkgrove,  and  T.  R.  Ryan,  of  Red  Bluff,  whO' 
will  start  up  the  mine  as  soon  as  the  weather  wilP 
permit.  They  have  a  large  body  of  ore  on  the 
dump  now  ready  for  shipment.  Robinson  &  Carr 
are  doing  considerable  work  on  the  Black  Prince 
mine,  running  tunnels  and  crosscuts.  The  arastras 
on  South  Fork  are  all  running  on  average  ore. 
Doc.  Dunham  is  putting  good  work  on  his  Muletown 
ledge  and  says  he  will  be  a  rich  man  yet. 

NEVADA. 

Washoe  District. 

Alta. — Virginia  Enterprise,  March  22:  Drifting 
southeast  on  the  loio  level  from  the  bottom  of  the 
winze;  face  in  low-grade  quartz.  Crushing  45  tons 
of  ore  daily  of  the  average  value  of  S20  a  ton. 

Crown  Point. — The  160  raise  is  up  31  feet  and 
a  north  drift  started  from  it  to  connect  with  the 
Kentuck  for  air.  Are  sinking  below  the  south  drift 
track  to  connect  with  the  350  stope.  The  bottom  is 
in  fair-grade  ore.  Shipped  to  the  mill  during  the 
week  869  tons  of  ore,  tbe  average  battery  samples  of 
which  were  $17.85  per  ton. 

Belcher.— The  200  level,  souih  drift  from  west 
crosscut  is  out  90  feet,  having  advanced  36  feet  during 
the  week.  The  face  is  in  low-grade  quartz.  Have 
started  a  west  crosscut  from  the  shaft  station  on 
the  300  level  which  is  out  35  feet. 

Confidence  and  Challenge  Con.  —  West 
crosscut  No.  i  from  the  800  level  north  drift  is  out 
46  feet,  having  been  advanced  32  feet  during  the 
week.     The  face  shows  porphyry. 

Overman. — From  the  1200  level  have  extracted 
and  hoisted  264  tons  of  ore.  Shipped  to  Vivian  mill 
238  tons  of  ore.  Battery  average  $19.68  per  ton,  of 
which  S9.68  is  gold.  On  the  1200  level  tbe  north- 
west drift  from  the  northeast  drift  has  been  extended 

13  feet  through  hard  quartz,  giving  fair  assays. 
Confidence-Challenge.— West  crosscut  N.  10 

from  the  800  level  north  drift  is  out  46  feet,  having 
advanced  32  feet  during  the  week.  The  face  is  in 
porphyry. 

Con.  Imperial.— West  crosscut  No.  I  from  the 
north  drift,  750  level,  is  in  266  feet,  having  advanced 

14  feet;  face  in  a  mixture  of  quartz  and  porphyry. 
West  crosscut  No.  2  from  the  same  drift  is  out  177 


April  5,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


233 


ftct.  37  feci  having  bceo  made  during  the  week. 
The  lavic  is  in  porphyry.  North  ^lateral  drift  on 
the  same  level  is  in  70  feet,  having  advanced  27 
f«t  during  the  week;  the  (ace  shows  quartz  giving 
low  assays. 

JusTicK.— The  623  level  north  drift  advanced  7 
feet  during  the  week;  toul  length,  758  feet.  The 
(ace  shows  three  feet  in  width  of  low-grade  ore,  The 
southwest  drift  on  the  499  level  advanced  five  feet; 
total  length  540  feel.  1  he  face  is  in  hard  rock. 
The  mine  was  shut  down  five  days  during  the  week 
on  account  of  lack  of  water.  Shipped  to  the  milt  72 
lon^  of  ore.     Average  battery  assay.  $21.48  per  ton. 

Yki.ixjw  Jackkt.— Shipping  about  65  tons  of  ore 
daily  of  the  avrrage  value  as  per  battery  samples  of 
$22  a  ton  to  the  Brunswick  mill. 

Seg.  Bei.<  her.— The  southeast  drift  from  the 
B-lcher  crosscut  is  in  61  feel;  the  hanging-wall  is  ex. 
posed  in  the  east  side  of  the  drift;  the  face  and  west 
ride  are  in  quartz,  assaying  from  $8  to  $15  per  ton. 
The  joint  850  level  east  crosscut  is  out  a  total  dis- 
tance of  272  feet  and  the  face  is  in  porphyry  and 
clay. 

PnTOSi. — T)je  east  crosscut,  300  feet  south  of 
north  line,  850  level,  is  out  90  feet;  face  in  porphyry. 
The  east  crosscut  400  feet  south  of  north  line,  850 
level,  is  out  127  feet;  face  in  porphyry,  with  seams 
of  (juarir  giving  fair  assays.  The  winze  (rom  the 
,  930  level,  400  feet  sourh  of  Chollar  shaft,  is  down  18 
Icet:  the  bottom  is  in  streaks  of  quariz  giving  good 
assays.  The  raise  from  the  930  level  is  up  69  feet; 
the  face  is  in  ore  the  car  samples  of  which  run  from 
$50  to  S70  a  ton. 

Chollak.— The  east  crosscut,  80  feet  south  of 
north  line,  750  level,  is  out  70  feet;  face  in  quarU 
giving  fair  assays. 

East  Bf.st  &  Belcher  a.n'd  North  Gould  & 
Curry.— In  the  west  drift  of  the  East  Best  and  Bel- 
cher they  struck  ore  that  looks  very  favorable.  The 
improvement  in  the  ore  the  past  week  is  very  en- 
couraging. 

Savage.— On  the  500 level  the  upraise  from  the 
intermediate  drift  is  advanced  40  feet  The  top  of 
the  raise  is  in  ore.  Are  extracting  ore  from  the  400, 
500  and  600  levels,  and  from  the  old  slopes  on  the 
750  level.  Shipped  to  the  mill  during  the  week  455 
tons  of  ore  the  average  battery  assays  of  which  were 
;$20  per  ton.     Bullion  on  hand  $22,350.25. 

Hale  &  Nokcross.— On  the  300  level  they  have 
retimbered  the  north  drift  and  connected  the  same 
with  the  Savage  upraise  from  the  400  level.  In  No. 
I  west  crosscut  they  have  laid  a  track  and  put  in  air 
pipes  preparatory  to  resuming  work  in  the  face  of 
the  drift.  On  the  1250  level  they  have  started  a 
winze  in  ore  to  connect  with  the  southeast  drift  on 
the  1300  levfl.  Owing  to  breaks  in  the  water  flume 
•which  supplies  the  Nevada  mill,  very  little  ore  was 
■milled  during  the  week,  and  only  about  one-third  ot 
ilhe  regular  force  of  miners  was  at  work. 

Cherry  Creek  District. 

On  Lease.— White  Pine  Ncu-s,  March  29:  A  lo- 
cal company  has  been  formed  in  Cherry  Creek  to 
work  the  Exchequer  mine  on  lease.  The  company 
is  made  up  of  resident  miners  and  millmen,  and  as  it 
is  said  there  is  considerable  fair  ore  in  the  mine,  it 
•ought  to  be  made  a  success. 

Columbus  District. 

Candelakia.- Walker  Lake  Bulletin,  March 
23:  Col.  W.  J.  Sutherland,  D.  H,  Jackson  and  ex- 
Governor  Kinkead  passed  through  to  Candelaria 
Jast  Saturday  night.  Mr.  Jackson  is  the  newly  ap- 
pointed superintendent  of  the  Holmes  property,  and 
we  are  informed  that  Governor  Kinkead  will  act  as 
the  resident  secretary.  On  the  arrival  of  the  .train 
at  Candelaria,  bonfires  were  built  and  a  glowing  re- 
cppiion  tendered  the  new-comers.  Active  opera- 
tions are  already  begun  at  the  mine,  and  it  is  be- 
lieved a  large  force  will  soon  be  put  on.  The  mill 
at  Belleville  is  undergoing  repairs,  preparatory  to 
being  put  to  work  on  ore.  There  is  a  bright  ray  of 
sunshine  hovering  over  our  sister  city,  and  Haw- 
thorne rejoices  thereat.  Col,  Sutherland  is  the 
general  manager  of  the  property,  and  it  is  due  to 
his  indefatigable  energy  that  Candelaria  emerges 
from  the  slough  of  despond  into  which  she  has  late- 
ly fallen. 

Silver  King  District. 

Silver  and  Lead. —  Pioche  Record,  March  29: 
:Siiver  King  district  is  about  16  miles  northerly  from 
Bristol,  or  about  40  miles  northwesterly  from  Pioche, 
and  is  reached  by  a  good  wagon-road.  The  forma- 
tion is  lime  and  porphyry,  the  principal  deposits  be- 
ing at  contacts.  The  leads  named  below  run  east- 
erly and  westerly — a  little  south  of  east  and  north  of 
west,  and  may  be  easily  traced  on  the  surface. 
They  pitch  south  at  angles  varying  from  45  to  80 
degrees.  About  $30,000  has  been  realized  from  ore 
shipments  to  Ward,  Bristol,  Dry  Valley  and  other 
points  during  past  years,  the  shipments  being  made 
at  great  disadvantage,  on  account  of  excessive 
transportation  charges,  and  (in  those  times)  excess- 
ive charges  for  working.  The  ore  is  a  free  carbon- 
ate of  lead,  with  oxide  of  iron  in  a  lime  gangue. 
Sixty-nine  assays,  being  all  the  tests  made  in  pros- 
pecting by  two  men,  from  April  to  October  of  last 
year,  averaged  38  ounces  silver  per  ton  and  25  per 
cent  lead.  Of  such  ore  about  300  tons  are  now  on 
the  dumps  and  probably  as  much  more  in  sight  in 
the  mines.  Of  the  Wheatly  Bros,  claims  to  which 
the  above  refei"5,  the  Ida  has  been  prospected  to  a 
"depth  of  but  75  feet,  the  Highbrid^e  75  feet,  the 
Schiller  something  over  100  feet,  the  Ca;5ar  100  feet, 
practically  in  mining  parlance,  mere  surface  work. 
Yet  their  record  and  present  showing  is  good,  to  say 
the  least.  Other  mines  in  the  district  which  prom- 
ise well  are  owned  by  Messrs.  Geo.  Jone-sof  Bristol, 
C.  J.  Boskowitz  of  San  Francisco.  D.  C.  McCarter 
of  Pioche  and  John  F.  Cupid  of  Ely,  White  Pine 
county. 

TuBcarora  District. 

Belle  Isle.  —  Times- Revieio,  M^rch  28:  The 
250-foot  level  crosscut  extended  20  feet;  crosscut 
from  north  gangway,  350-foot  level,  extended  14 
feet. 

Nevada  Queen. — North  gangway,  600-foot  lev- 
el of  North  Belle  Isle,  extended  26  feet.  The  flow 
of  water  continues  about  the  same. 

Navajo. — South  drift  from  the  winze,  150-foot 
level,  extended  4  feet.  East  crosscut  from  the  end 
of  south  drift  west,  same  level,  extended  6  feel,  cut- 
ting seams  of  chloride  ore.  South  drift  from  No.  i 
crosscut,  350-foot  level,  extended  11  feet. 

Grand  Prize. — Face  of  east  drift  from  the  north 
crosscut,  500  level,  advanced  6  feet  and  looking 
better. 

North  Belle  Isle. — South  drift  from  station 
crosscut,  3QO-foot  level,  extended   j6  feet  and  sus- 


pended, and  a  drift  started  north  from  same  crosscut. 

Dki,  Monte,- isi  level:  North  gangway  h;is 
been  extended  30  feet;  seams  of  good  ore  show  in 
drift.  East  crosscut  from  north  dnft  has  exposed  2 
feet  of  good  ore,  some  of  which  assays  $492.18  per 
ton.  3d  level:  I'^ast  crosscut  from  the  north  drift. 
on  the  tine  of  North  Commonwealth,  extended  15 
feet,  showing  fine  ore  m  the  face,  assays  as  high  as 
$3400  per  ton  being  obtained. 

-NuKTH  Commonwealth.  —  isi  level:  Have 
started  No.  2  east  crosscut  from  south  gangway  to 
develop  ground  south  of  No.  i  crosscut  where  ore 
is  opened  up.  Upraise  from  No.  2  north  drilt  ex- 
tended up  II  feet  in  vein,  but  nothing  of  value. 
South  drift  from  joint  crosscut  advanced  10  feel;  the 
ore  is  not  so  high  grade  as  heretofore.  East  cross- 
cut from  north  drilt  from  same  pomt  is  penetrating 
ore,  some  of  which  is  high  grade;  assay  to-day  $492.- 
18  per  too. 

Commonwealth. — ist  level;  East  drift  from 
north  drill  extended  ii  feet.  The  ore  is  belter  grade 
than  heretofore.  East  line  crosscut  from  north 
gangway  advanced  20  feet  through  vtin  matter.  2d 
level:  No.  2  east  crosscut  extended  8  feet,  cutting 
seams  of  spar,  and  is  looking  favorable  for  ore.  4th 
level:  East  crosscut  from  north  gangway  extended 
13  feet  through  porphyry.  South  crosscut  from 
south  gangway  has  been  run  11  feet,  cutting  some 
high-gradp  ore.  West  crosscut  from  same  point  ex- 
tended 6  feet,  showing  low-grade  ore.  The  extrac- 
tion of  ore  has  been  suspended  for  the  present  and 
the  mill  is  being  cleaned  up.  Ship  to-day  $[5,000; 
total  for  the  week,  $31,000.  Concentrator  is  run- 
ning right  along.  Crushed  476  tons,  assay  $17.85 
per  ton. 

ARIZONA. 

Queen  Bee.— Mohave  ^/iwc/-  March  29,  C.  H. 
Park,  superintendent  of  the  Queen  Bee  M.  Co., 
has  made  a  contract  with  Joseph  Prisk  to  sink  the 
upper  shaft  125  feet  deeper  and  to  run  a  drift  along 
the  ledge  135  teet,  the  contract  to  be  completed  in 
120  days. 

Silver  King. — N.  C.  Amer  is  awaiting  the  arrival 
of  some  new  steam-hoisting  machinery  which  he  in- 
tends putting  up  on  the  Silver  King.  There  is  too 
much  water  to  handle  for  the  whim,  and  a  steam 
hoist  is  imperative  for  the  economical  working  of  the 
mine. 

Todd  Basin.— W.  G.  ('ampbell  has  obtained  a 
bond  on  the  Oro  Plata  and  Mariposa  mines  in  Todd 
Bisin,  and  he  will  in  a  few  weeks  put  up  a  plant  to 
work  the  ore  from  these  mines.  The  work  of  level- 
ing the  ground  for  the  placing  of  the  machinery  will 
be  begun  next  week. 

Black  Hawk.— Gi^o.  M.  Bowers,  the  superin- 
tendent of  the  Black  Hawk  mine,  spent  several  days 
in  Kingman  this  week,  and  reports  the  mine  in  good 
shape,  and  looking  as  well  as  ever.  A  new  strike 
has  been  made  in  one  of  the  upper  levels,  but  the 
extent  is  unknown. 

C.  O.  D. — Manager  M.  D.  Howell  has  closed 
down  the  C.  O.  D.  mine  for  the  present.  There  is 
too  much  water  for  the  present  hoisting  machinery 
to  handle.  When  operations  are  again  resumed  the 
mine  will  be  sunk  100  feet  deeper,  and  a  good  deal 
of  prospect  work  done. 

IvANPAH.  —  Mr.  Lawrence  of  Ivanpah  was  in 
Kingman  this  week  with  alot  of  high-grade  ore  from 
that  district,  which  he  had  worked  at  the  Kingman 
Sampling  Works.  He  reports  but  little  doing  in 
that  camp,  as  but  few  of  the  mines  are  being  worked 
on  account  of  the  great  cost  of  getting  the  ore  to  the 
railroad. 

Gkand  Canyon. — Journal-Miner^  March  26: 
John  Marshall,  one  of  the  discoverers  of  mineral  in 
the  Grand  Canyon,  was  in  Prescott  on  Saturday, 
getting  assays  made  from  the  new  find.  He  says 
that  they  discovered  ten  well-defined  leads,  from 
each  of  which  they  secured  rich  specimens  of  ore. 
The  Colorado  river  at  that  point  does  not  exceed 
200  feet  in  width,  and  the  ledges  could  be  plainly 
seen  on  the  opposite  side  of  the  river.  Mr.  Ashurst 
and  himself  made  a  raft  and  attempted  to  cross 
the  river,  and  had  a  narrow  escape  from  drowning, 
when  they  were  compelled  to  abandon  it.  In  addi- 
tion to  the  discoveries  of  ore  made,  Mr.  Marshall 
says  they  found  a  deposit  of  very  pure  salt.  Several 
prospecting  parties  have  already  gone  into  the  can- 
yon from  Flagstaff,  and  he  thinks  there  is  a  good 
prospect  for  a  lively  camp  there  this  summer. 

Quartz  and  Placer.— Big  Bug  placer  miners 
are  said  to  be  washing  out  lots  of  gold.  The  How- 
ard mill,  on  the  Hassayampa,  is  running  on  half 
time.  Several  mines  in  Yavapai  county  are  listed  on 
the  Kansas  City  mining  exchange.  The  shaft  of 
ihe  Black  Horse  continues  in  good  ore.  Messrs. 
Charmikle  &  Chambers  are  running  the  Lowell  mill, 
on  Lynx  creek,  with  good  success,  Douglass  Gray 
has  deeded  to  E.  M.  Sanford  nine  mining  claims  in 
Turkey  Creek  district,  for  $500.  President  De  Kuhn 
of  the  Mockingbird  Mining  Co.  is  arranging  for  the 
construction  of  a  new  dam.  Eight  tons  of  ore  ar- 
rived a  few  days  ago  at  the  sampling  works  from 
the  Hillside  mine.  Geo.  W.  Sines  and  Charles  H. 
Keyes  have  deeded  the  Ben  Franklin  mine,  Hassa- 
yampa district,  to  Dan  O'Boyle,  for  $1500.  A  deed 
has  been  filed  for  record  from  J.  B.  Tappan  to  D. 
M.  Martin  for  the  Occidental  mine  in  Copper  basin, 
for  $2000.  President  J.  C.  Brown  and  G.  J.  Baer 
of  the  Quartz  Mountain  M.  Co.  returned  yesterday 
from  that  property.  They  report  the  mill  still  run- 
ning. The  company  is  also  shipping  a  lot  of  high- 
grade  ore.  W,  A.  Long,  formerly  foreman  of  this 
office,  has  turned  prospector,  and  has  succeeded  in 
finding  some  very  promising  ledges,  as  well  as  good 
placer  ground.  Deeds  have  been  filed  for  record, 
transferring  title  to  the  Black  Horse  and  White 
Horse,  and  two  other  mining  claims  (rom  former 
owners  to  the  Black  Horse  M.  Co.,  the  considera- 
tion named  in  the  latter  instrument   being   $ts,ooo. 

OOLORADO. 

SiLVERTON  Notes, —A////t.'r,  March  20:  The 
strike  in  the  Little  Dora  still  holds  out,  and  when 
better  hoisting  facilities  are  provided,  the  mine  can 
easily  output  a  carload  per  day.  The  Columbia 
lessees  have  about  50  tons  of  ore  out,  considerable 
sloping  ground  opened,  and  a  future  in  sight  that 
from  this  distance  looks  rosy.  John  Cotte,  the  les- 
see^ of  the  Lookout,  was  down  from  the  mine  this 
week  making  arrangements  to  open  the  trail  and  be- 
gin packing  the  winter's  output.  The  Jennie  Parker 
will  open  the  road  to  the  depot  this  week  and  resume 
shipping.  There  is  ground  enough  opened  now  to 
put  a  force  of  ten  men  working  on  ore.    A  rich 


strike  of  gray  copper  is  reported  in  the  Norih  Star 
on  Sultan.  The  mine  is  said  to  have  never  looked 
so  well  before,  and  the  output  for  the  next  three 
months  promises  to  be  very  heavy.  Work  is  being 
pushed  on  a  claim  near  the  Burro  bridge,  owned  by 
Linke,  Fletcher  5:  Mihon.  A  crosscut  has  been  run 
over  200  feet,  and  it  is  expected  the  vein  will  be  cut 
in  the  next  20  feet  at  a  depth  of  190  feet  from  the 
surface.  The  North  Star  on  Solomon  is  still  drift- 
ing on  the  ore  found  in  the  5th  level.  At  one  place 
the  streak  was  six  feel  wide,  all  solid  ore,  worth 
from  200  to  500  ounces  per  ton.  It  has  since  nar- 
rowed to  an  average  of  six  inches,  and  is  liable  to 
open  out  again  at  any  time.  There  is  200  feet  of 
sloping  ground  above  the  strike.  Two  men  are 
pushing  work  on  the  Iowa,  drifting  on  the  ore  to 
open  up  ground.  Messrs.  Robin  &  Thayer  will  em- 
ploy  20  men  on  this  property  as  soon  as  pro- 
visions can  be  taken  up.  There  is  plenty  of  ore  in 
sight,  and  five  tons  daily  is  to  be  the  output.  The 
mme  will  be  worked  from  both  ends  of  the  claim, 
and  it  is  expected  the  ore  from  the  south  end  will  be 
clear  profit, 

The  Austin.— Aspen  Times^  March  29:  Hoa'- 
ard  Russel,  the  Bourquin  brothers  and  associates 
have  struck  a  new  body  of  ore  in  the  Austin  lease, 
near  the  Climax.  It  is  thought  that  they  will  soon 
be  ready  to  ship  pay  ore. 

The  Little  Annie.— Supt.  McGee  and  George 
Besser  came  down  from  the  Little  Annie  yesterday 
with  average  samples  from  a  new  two-foot  streak  of 
ore  just  struck  in  that  mine.  The  average  assay 
was  120  ounces  silver  and  44  per  cent  lead.  This 
new  strike,  together  with  other  ore  bodies  heretofore 
opened,  places  the  Annie  in  the  list  of  pay  mines. 
The  week's  shipments  from  the  Bushwhacker  will 
amount  to  ten  carloads  of  ore,  averaging  over  100 
ounces  per  ton.  The  30-horse  power  bolster 
will  be  in  running  order  on  this  mine  by  the  2d, 
when  the  force  will  be  increased  by  adding  about  10 
miners,  A  joint  survey  is  being  made  between  the 
Park-Regent  and  Bushwhacker  to  determine  the 
underground  dividing  line.  The  Iowa  is  looking 
well,  a  large  body  of  spar  has  been  struck  which  as- 
says low,  but  it  is  thought  will  soon  lead  to  pay  ore. 
The  property  is  being  worked  by  the  Iowa  and 
Smuggler  Mountain  Mming  Co, 

DAKOTA. 

Syndicate  Smelter.  —  Deadwood  Pioneer, 
March  25:  The  httle  plant  will  probably  not  be 
blown  in  for  another  month.  While  in  Chicago, 
Dr.  Carpenter  purcha-^ed  for  it  some  $2000  worth  of 
machinery,  including  another  boiler.  This  will  not 
be  shipped  for  two  weeks,  and  as  it  must  then  be 
erected,  it  is  believed  fully  a  month  will  elapse  be- 
fore the  next  run  begins.  The  run  will  be  made  on 
Bald  Mouniain  and  Ruby  Basin  ores,  as  well  as  on 
ore  from  the  Oro  Fino.  Once  started,  the  purpose 
is  to  keep  the  plant  continuously  in  blast,  the  object 
in  securing  another  boiler  being  to  get  sufficient 
power  to  keep  the  rock-crusher  and  furnaces  in 
operation  at  the  same  time.  The  process,  the  Pio- 
neer  can  repeal,  and  at  length  with  the  sanction  of 
official  authority,  is  a  complete  metallurgical  and 
financial  success. 

IDAHO. 

Gold   Quartz.— /t/t/Zw    Statesman,    March    29: 

D.  W.  Fitzwater,  who  arrived  from  Rocky  Bar  yes- 
terday, tells  of  a  big  discovery  made  at  Pine  Grove 
of  gold  quartz.  He  says  that  it  is  the  last,  best  and 
richest  mine  yet  discovered  in  that  camp.  There 
are  hundreds  of  tons  of  ore  in  sight,  and  this  mine, 
with  those  formerly  discovered,  will  keep  the  two 
quartz-mills  located  at  that  place  with  all  the  crush- 
ing they  can  do,  and  cause  the  town  to  boom  during 
the  coming  summer.  The  mine  or  prospect  is 
owned  by  several  parties,  among  whom  are  D.  B. 
Ethel  and  John  Van  Scbaack. 

Crosscut. — Idaiio  Avalanclie.  March  29:    Supt. 

E.  H.  Dewey  informs  us  that  the  crosscut  being  run 
by  the  Idaho  &  Pittsburg  Mining  Co.  to  cut  the  Em- 
pire State  and  Black  Jack  lodes  is  being  run  five  feet 
every  24  hours,  which,  considering  that  the  crosscut 
is  seven  by  five  feet  in  the  clear,  is  excellent  work. 
He  says  he  proposes  to  push  the  crosscut  as  fast  as 
possible,  to  the  end  that  the  veins  may  be  cut  and 
a  bonanza  found. 

SoMMERCAMP. — We  Understand  that  the  Som- 
mercamp  group  of  mines  is  growing  richer  daily, 
and  that  a  large  quantity  of  shipping  ore  is  in  sight 
which  is  being  extracted  and  sacked.  The  gold- 
bearing  lode  is  producing  ore  that  will  mill  from  $30 
to  $50  per  ton,  which,  considering  the  size  of  the 
lode,  is  a  bonanza  in  itself.  From  deep  develop- 
ment work,  it  has  been  proven  that  the  mines  of 
Wagontown  are  not  only  rich,  but  large,  and  that 
the  mines  should  be  worked  by  deep  shaft,  through 
crosscuts,  or  tunnels,  which  strike  the  lodes  at 
great  depth. 

LOWER    OALIFOBNIA. 

Real  del  Castillo. — LcnvcrlCalifornian,  Mar. 
21  :  The  good  news  of  discoveries  at  Alamo  last  week 
is  well  supplemented  by  the  reports  from  the  Real  del 
Castillo.  Mr.  L.  B.  Howard  of  the  Occidental  M. 
Sc  M.  Co.  returned  Wednesday  in  a  very  happy 
mood,  which  was  explained  by  the  fact  thai  bis  550- 
foot  tunnel  into  the  Occidental  had  reached  the 
vein,  disclosing  a  23-inch  body  of  free-milling  ore  at 
a  depth  of  230  feet  below  the  surface  of  the  old 
works.  The  drills  are  now  in  solid  rock,  beyond 
which  is  the  main  vein,  about  four  feet  wide.  This 
tunnel  opens  up  an  immense  amount  of  ore,  which 
can  be  easily  sloped.  It  will  be  worked  near  by,  in 
a  ten-stamp  mill  soon  to  be  built  by  the  Occidental 
Co.  A  turbine  wheel,  operated  by  the  San  Rafael 
river,  will  furnish  the  power.  The  unsorted  ore  as 
run  through  the  old  Pueblo  mill  gave  an  average  of 
$20  per  ton,  and  the  quartz  at  230  feet  is  of  exactly 
the  same  quality  as  that  in  the  old  shaft.  It  is  not 
a  chimney  ledge,  but  a  true  fissure  vein,  with  well- 
defined  walls.  By  the  use  of  water-power  the  ore 
can  be  treated  for  considerably  less  than  $5  per  ton. 
Mr.  Howard  is  also  connected  with  the  Tepustete 
iron  mines  at  San  Isidro,  and  stated  that  a  blast  fur- 
nace would  be  built  at  San  Diego  for  the  treatment 
of  ores  as  soon  as  a  site  could  be  decided  upon.  The 
Princesa  G.  M.  Co.,  recently  formed  in  London 
with  /^i25,ooo  capital,  to  acquire  and  work  part  of 
a  gold-mining  property  now  in  possession  of  the 
Mexican  Land  and  Colonization  Co.  in  the  Alamo 
district,  has  already  been  noted.  The  mines  in- 
cluded in  the  late  purchase  are  the  Ulysses, Cocinera, 


San  David.  Princesa.  Spider.  Grandissiraa,  Moran 
and  Iron  Mask.  A  small  quart/ -crushing  mill  on 
the  property  in  40  days*  operation  crushed  375  tons 
of  ore  Irom  five  of  these  mines,  the  yield  being  763,54 
ounces  of  gold,  valued  at  $12,598.  The  mill  has 
not  yet  crushed  any  ore  from  the  Spider  mine,  but 
it  is  officially  reported  that  the  surface  ore  from  this 
mine  shows  over  $ico  per  ton. 

The  Work  at  Alamo.— The  hoisting  works  on 
the  Indian  mine  are  now  nicely  in  operation.  They 
are  the  most  complete  yet  erected  in  the  camp. 
Major  Zimpleman  has  bought  or  leased  the  Elsioore 
and  is  building  a  chute  at  that  mine.  The  Major 
is  wide  awake  and  he  will  soon  be  running  agam. 
The  blanket  ledge  of  conglomerale  rock  on  the  road 
between  here  and  Mexican  Gulch  continues  the 
subject  of  much  interest.  This  is  thought  by  many 
to  be  the  richest  thing  yet  found  in  the  district.  It 
consists  of  a  very  ordinary  blanket  porphyry  ledge 
three  feet  below  the  surface,  and  it  is  said  to  be  a 
meter  thick  and  rich  beyond  calculation. 

MONTANA. 

In  the  Vipond  'OiZTKiCT.  — /nfer-Mountaiti, 
March  26:  .Major  B.  f.  Fine  has  a  bond  on  the 
Waseogo  mine,  in  the  Vipond  district,  which  ad- 
joins the  l^ne  Pine  property,  on  which  a  20-sianip 
mill  has  recently  been  erected  by  Helena  parties. 
There  are  five  men  at  work;  and  two  carloads  of 
excellent  ore  were  shipped  to  Butte  yesterday  which 
were  sold  by  Major  Fine  to  the  Silver  Bow  Sam- 
pling Works.  The  shaft  on  the  Waseogo  is  now 
down  to  a  depth  of  80  feet,  and  the  lead  is  from 
four  to  eight  feet  in  width.  There  is  every  indica- 
tion that  it  will  develop  into  a  valuable  property. 
Shipments  of  ore  to  Butte  will  continue  regularly. 

Argenta  District.— Anaconda  J?evrt~ii\  March 
27:  In  the  Argenta  district  a  very  confident  feeling 
prevails  among  those  best  posted  on  the  resources 
of  the  camp,  that  the  coming  season  will  place  them 
in  a  prosperous  condition,  and  that  their  production 
and  shipment  of  lead-silver  bullion,  with  enough 
gold  in  it  to  make  it  a  matter  of  interest,  will  be  of 
sufficient  magnitude  to  attract  capital  to  properly 
develop  and  show  up  their  properties.  The  P.  J. 
Kelly  Co.  has  been  merged  into  the  Argenta  M. 
Co.,  and  the  new  capital  enlisted  in  this  company 
has  already  paid  off  the  indebtedness  incurred  by 
the  old  organization.  The  Tuscarora  and  Scott 
properties  are  not  doing  anything  at  present,  but  a 
rumor  is  afloat  that  W.  A.  Clark  has  authorized  the 
starting  up  of  these  at  an  early  dale. 

Hope.— Phillipsburg  Mail,  March  27:  From 
present  indications  around  the  Hope  mine,  we  feel 
safe  in  saying  that  it  will  not  be  long  until  it  will 
be  producing  as  much  ore  as  ever.  There  are  sev- 
eral men  at  work  in  the  mine  at  present.  Work  is 
being  pushed  on  the  Jubilee  tunnel,  below  the 
hoist. 

NEW  MEXICO. 

MOGOLLONS.— Silver  City  Enterprise,  March  20: 
In  the  upper  Dry  creek  region  several  parlies  are 
actively  engaged  in  prospecting  and  opening  up  a 
number  of  valuable  finds,  which  were  located  last 
year.  Of  the  Lily,  owned  by  Luke,  Hussey  and 
McCarthy,  it  is  not  saying  too  much  to  pronounce 
it  as  one  of  the  most  promising  prospects  in  the 
Mogollon  country.  The  developments  consist 
principally  of  stripping  the  vein  and  open  cuts, 
which  as  now  exposed  present  to  view  one  of  the 
finest  showings  in  ihe  Southwest.  A  tunnel  on  he 
vein  has  been  started,  which  will  gain  foot  for  foot 
from  the  horizontal  as  it  penetrates  the  mountain. 
An  average  of  a  dozen  assays  made  from  careful 
sampling  of  the  pay  streak  in  a  vein  eight  feet  wide, 
has  a  value  of  $600  per  ton.  The  owners  are  now  en- 
gaged in  active  preparations  to  open  the  mine 
thoroughly  and  develop  it  for  all  it  is  worth.  Two 
miles  and  a  half  distant  from  the  Lily.  Baxter  and 
Tennessee  they  have  several  valuable  locations,  from 
which  they  are  taking  a  fine  grade  of  ore. 

OREGON. 

Gold -Dust.— Jacksonville  Times,  March  29: 
Considerable  gold-dust  has  already  been  taken  out 
here  and  there,  and  the  amount  will  increase  as  the 
season  progresses.  Repairs  have  been  completed  at 
the  Sterling  M.  Co.'s  mines,  and  piping  was  begun 
a  few  days  ago.  A  big  run  will  no  doubt  be  made 
there.  There  is  still  plenty  of  water  and  miners  are 
making  the  most  of  it.  A  vast  amount  of  gold-dust 
will  no  doubt  be  taken  from  the  placers  this  season. 
Breeden  &  Schrimpf  struck  a  pocket  in  their  ledge 
on  Applegate  last  week,  from  which  they  took  over 
$280.  This  is  the  same  mine  which  John  Swinden 
is  now  interested  in.  J.  O.  McGee  of  Williams 
creek,  who  was  in  Jacksonville  yesterday,  informed 
us  that  J.  T.  Layton  had  nearly  completed  repair- 
ing his  ditches,  and  would  probably  commence  pip- 
ing in  a  short  time.  John  Swinden  has  bought  a 
half  interest  in  the  Adelphi  mine  on  Applegate.  for- 
merly owned  by  Breeden  &  Schrimpf,  and  will  con- 
tinue to  work  the  same  in  partnership  with  Mr.  B. 
The  consideration  was  $1000.  E.  Sanderson  Smith 
is  looking  after  Griffith  S;  Co.'s  quartz  mine  in  the 
Steamboat  district,  and  will  prospect  the  same 
thoroughly  in  the  interests  of  outside  capitalists. 

UTAH. 

Review. — Salt  Lake  Tribune,  March  28:  The 
week  has  been  devoid  of  special  feature.  Stormy 
weather  continues,  and  in  anticipation  of  the  spring 
break-up  and  its  usual  bad  roads,  the  big  ore-pro- 
ducers are  laying  in  ore  reserves  and  supplies  at  the 
mills  and  shipping  points  to  last  over  the  expected 
blockade.  The  receipts  of  the  metals  in  this  city 
for  the  week  ending  the  26th,  inclusive,  were  to  the 
value  of  $111,409.03  in  the  aggregate,  of  which  %'j'^i- 
758.97  was  in  bullion  and  $37,650.06  was  in  ore. 
For  the  week  previous  the  receipts  were  to  the  value 
of  }6i,66o.68  in  bullion  and  $51,445  94  in  ore,  a  to- 
tal of  $113,106.62.  The  product  ot  the  Ontario  for 
the  week  was  in  bullion  18.859.18  fine  ounces.  The 
Daly  output  for  the  week  showed  no  transactions. 
The  Horn  Silver  develops  nothing  new  locally  this 
week,  its  product  and  quality  of  ore  being  about  as 
hitherto  reported.  The  bullion  receipts  of  the  week 
fool  up  S42.086.80;  fine  bars.  $3963.  The  Hanauer 
smelter  produced  during  the  week  bullion  valued  at 
$7950,  Ore  receipts  in  this  city  for  the  week  were 
valued  at  $2312.16  by  Wells,  Fargo  S:  Co. ;  $24,700 
bv  McCornick  &  Co.;  $10,637.90  by  T.  R.  Jones  & 
Co. 


234 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[April  5,  1890 


IQECHAjMieAL  Progress. 


American  Tin  Plates. 

We  have  already  noted  the  fact  that  tin  plate 
had  been  produced  on  a  small  scale  in  Pitta- 
burg.  Another  and  larger  company  has  recent- 
ly been  formed  in  Chicago,  to  be  known  aa  the 
'•Glendale  Tin-Plate  Company,"  which  will 
procure  their  tin  from  the  mines  in  Dakota, 
One  of  the  offiaers  of  the  company  recently 
visited  Pittsburg,  where  he  had  gone  to  confer 
with  the  cffisera  of  the  American  Tioned  Plate 
AsBOciation  relative  to  the  necessity  of  proper 
Congressional  action  for  the  protection  of  home 
tin-plate  production.  He  aaid  :  "Tinned 
plate  will  be  one  of  the  chief  industries  of  this 
country.  All  iron  manufacturers.onght  to  give 
their  attention  to  this  industry.  It  will,  in  the 
future,  give  the  greatest  opportunity  for  large 
profits.  Just  before  I  left  Chicago  I  made  a 
contract  to  furnish  ten  tons  of  tinned  plate  to  a 
Chicago  firm.  That  is  the  first  order  taken  by 
an  American  firm.  The  prospects  for  the  buei- 
nesB  are  very  bright.  I  think  in  four  or  five 
yeara  enough  American  tin  plate  will  be  manu- 
factored  to  supply  the  home  market." 

A  box  of  tin  plate  manufactured  in  this 
country  costs  fully  one-third  more  than  in  En- 
gland— on  account  of  the  difference  in  the  cost 
of  labor  between  there  and  here.  In  the  tin- 
plate  mills  of  Wales  whole  families  work  at  the 
business  from  the  oldest  to  the  youngest,  both 
male  and  female,  and  at  starvation  prices. 
The  present  duty  is  not  a  protective  one.  It 
will  barely  admit  the  possibility  of  the  manu- 
facture without  profit.  But  it  is  hoped  that 
ere  long,  owing  to  the  superior  yield  of  the 
Dakota  mines,  the  raw  material  may  be  fur- 
nished cheaper  here  than  it  can  be  produced 
abroad,  and  so  admit  of  a  small  profit,  Hope 
is  also  expressed  that  the  duty  proposed  by  the 
Sanate  bill  will  become  a  law,  which,  while  it 
is  not  as  high  as  it  ought  to  be,  still  has  the 
merit  of  being,  to  a  certain  extent,  protective. 
If  the  tin-plate  industry  could  be  built  up  in 
this  country,  it  would  save  for  our  people  from 
thirty  to  forty  millions  of  dollars  a  year  which 
now  goes  to  support  the  cheap  labor  of  En- 
gland, It  would  give  employment,  directly  and 
indirectly,  at  the  mine  and  the  shop  to  fully 
1,000,000  people — men,  women  and  their  de- 
pendents. 

We  have  in  this  country  the  tin  and  the  iron 
ore,  the  capital,  the  intelligence  and  all  other 
facilities  except  protection  against  the  cheap 
"  family  industry  "  of  England.  It  is  the  duty 
of  Congress  to  see  that  our  capital  and  industry 
is  protected  against  such  odds. 


New  Gee  MAN  Inventions — Kuhlow's  Qev 
-man  Trade  Heview  notes  the  invention  of  pul- 
leys made  of  hydraulic-pressed  pasteboard  and 
having  an  iron  core  and  strong  casing.  It  is 
said  that  the  friction  of  such  pulleys  is  consid- 
erably greater  than  that  of  cast-iron  pulleys, 
and  with  an  equal  useful  effect  they  therefore 
take  up  less  space.  As  the  tension  of  belting 
on  paper  pulleys  need  not  be  so  great  as  on  iron 
pulleys,  the  vibration  is  less,  and  to  that  ex- 
tent the  buildings,  etc.,  are  saved.  The  manu- 
facturers affirm  that  these  pulleys  are  proof 
against  water.  They  are  mide  of  the  well- 
known  oil  paper  of  which  paper  railway  wheels 
are  made.  Some  other  interesting  achieve- 
ments with  paper,  says  the  same  journal,  have 
been  accomplished  by  a  paper  goods  manufact- 
urer at  Dresden,  who  by  means  of  compressed, 
chemically  prepared  paper  has  succeeded  in 
producing  handles  and  shafts  which  are  char- 
acterized by  great  endurance.  A  file-handle 
submitted  as  a  sample  presents  a  woodlike  ap- 
pearance, a  brown  shining  surface,  and  is  very 
hard.  It  is  light,  and  has  probably  the  ad- 
vantage of  being  a  bad  conductor  of  heat.  It 
sometimes  happens  that  in  the  use  of  wooden 
handles  splinters  get  forced  into  one's  hand,  but 
with  the  use  of  paper  handles  that  danger  is 
entirely  obviated.  The  invention  would  appear 
to  be  an  important  one. 

Mechanical  Drawing. — In  disousaing  the 
importance  of  a  knowledge  of  drawing  to  the 
mechanic  engaged  in  any  of  the  building  trades, 
one  of  our  English  exchanges  observes:  The 
interpretation  of  drawings  by  artificers  con- 
nected with  building  will  be  neoesearily  imper- 
fect till  the  art  is  made  one  of  the  acquirements 
of  the  workman.  In  England  the  subjact  has 
never  been  brought  down  to  the  level  of  the 
workman's  knowledge,  and  only  of  lata  years 
has  there  been  any  attempt  to  teach  drawing  to 
workmen  in  a  systematic  manner.  The  techni- 
cal schools  in  France  and  Germany  have  long 
made  drawing  an  essential  mode  of  training  the 
eye  and  hand.  Every  trade  has  to  pass  through 
the  stages  of  drawing.  Copying  from  paper 
examples  Is  forbidden  in  some  schools,  and  the 
system  is  to  get  the  pupil  to  draw  from  models, 
80  as  to  teach  htm  to  apprehend  the  meaning  of 
lines  in  perspective,  as  well  as  to  make  him  un- 
derstand geometrical  delineations.  In  our 
opinion,  drawing  can  only  be  properly  taught 
by  the  aid  of  models,  and  a  course  of  well- 
directed  model  drawing  will  do  more  to  in- 
struct the  eye  and  mind  than  all  the  fiit  copies 
and  diagrams  of  the  text-book. 

Spirally  Welded  Tubes,  to  which  we  have 
made  several  aliuaions,  are  made  by  automatic 
machinery  out  of  steel  strip,  which  is  of  very 
mild  quality  and  welds  perfectly.  It  is  rolled 
in  strips  of  from  12  to  18  inches  wide  and  as 
long  ae  possible,    for  long  tubes,  several  are 


welded  together.  The  steel  is  fed  by  rollers 
into  the  pipe-forming  machine,  where  it  is 
wound  into  a  spiral,  raised  to  a  welding  heat 
by  blowpipes  of  water  gas,  the  joint  being  fin- 
ished by  a  light  and  rapidly-working  hammer. 
The  longest  tube  yet  made  was  57  feet  long 
and  10  inches  in  diameter. 


Artistic  Progress  in  Flint  Glass  —The 
progress  that  the  fiint-glass  trade  Is  making  in 
an  artistic  direction  is  truly  wonderful.  A 
walk  along  the  streets  of  any  of  our  large  cities 
will  reveal  some  very  beautiful  designs,  the  re- 
sult of  processeB  heretofore  unknown  to  the 
glass  trade.  The  discovery  of  an  improvad 
method  of  staining  ware  is  very  important. 
Pressed  ware  is  now  colored  to  either  represent 
ruby,  amber,  blue,  or  in  fact  any  of  the  colors 
now  turned  out  In  glass.  It  is  so  clear  and 
brilliant  that  it  takes  a  practical  eye  to  dis- 
cover the  diffarence  between  it  and  the  real 
article.  There  is  nothing  to  indicate  that  the 
ware  is  not  of  the  real  color,  outside  of  the  fact 
that  it  is  usually  placed  on  pressed  ware,  and 
everybody  connected  with  the  trade  knows  that 
real  ruby  is  seldom  used  in  pressed  ware.  An 
outsider  could  never  discover  the  difference. 
lb  can  be  placed  on  the  pressed  imitation  of 
cut  ware  in  snoha  way  that  no  one  would  think 
the  glass  was  plated  with  the  color  and  then 
partially  out  away.  The  use  of  this  idea  on 
railroad  signal  lanterns  might  be  much  of  an 
improvement  over  those  in  uee  that  are  merely 
painted  red. — Commoner  and  Qlau  Worker. 


German  Sewing  Machines.— Germans  are 
making  50,000  sewing  machines  per  annum  and 
claim  that  they  are  competing  successfully 
with  manufacturers  in  the  Uaited  States. 
Many  machines  go  to  S^uth  America.  Oar 
Consul  at  Minnheim  says  :  An  enterprising 
firm  whose  founder  is  a  cittzsn  of  the  United 
Statea  designs  making  regular  shipments  to 
this  country,  with  names  and  ornamentations 
suited  to  the  G3rman  population.  This  firm  is 
the  second  largest  in  the  Empire;  it  produces 
about  30,000  machiuea  in  a  year  and  employs 
aboot  700  hands.  They  manufacture  the  Singer 
machine.  With  this  they  are  beating  our  man- 
ufacturers, so  they  claim,  in  every  country 
outside  of  the  United  States,  because  they  pro 
dnoe  and  sell  a  much  cheaper,  if  inferior,  art! 
cle,  because  ours  is  better  only  in  finish  and 
decoration,  and  theirs  answer  the  people's 
wants  jnat  as  well.  This  manufacturer  con- 
fessed that  his  iron  castings  are  by  no  means  as 
good  as  ours,  and  that  we  have  lots  of  better 
machines  than  those  of  German  make. 


Fine  Mechanism. — Some  wonderful  exam- 
ples of  human  ingenuity  and  skill,  which  illus- 
trate in  a  remarkable  way  the  progress  made 
in  mechanics,  have  been  put  on  exhibition  by 
the  London  Mechanical  and  Scientific  Society, 
An  instrument  loaned  by  the  great  Armstrong 
Oun  Works  accurately  measures  thickness 
down  to  the  one-thousandth  part  of  an  inch, 
while  a  rival  mechanic  exhibits  an  instrument 
built  on  similar  principles,  which  grades 
thicknesses  in  millionth  parts.  The  deft-fiogered 
Oartling,  whose  wonderful  balances  have  a 
world-wide  reputation,  shows  a  delicate  ecale 
which  will  carry  .SOOO  grains  and  yet  turn  dis- 
tinctly with  the  one-thousandth  part  of  a  sin- 
gle grain.  A  watchmaker  of  Paddington  now 
comes  in  for  his  share  of  praise  and  exhibits  an 
engine  built  of  122  pieces,  not  including  .3.3 
bolts  and  screws,  nicely  hidden  in  a  lady's  No. 
7  thimble.  If  inventors  of  great  things  de- 
serve preat  praise,  whit  shall  we  say  for  the 
skilled  fingers  and  clear  brains  which  fashioned 
the  above? 

Reducing  Friction  in  Electrical  Machin- 
ery,— Numerous  experiments  have  been  made 
recently  in  reducing  the  friction  in  the  bearing? 
of  dynamos  and  electric  trolley- wheels.  The 
Thomson- Houston  Electric  Company  is  now 
investigatrng  a  system,  by  the  use  of  which  it 
is  said  the  reduction  in  friction  would  net  a 
saving  of  ovar  10  horse  power  out  of  every 
lOOOhorse  power.  At  present  the  new  system 
is  being  applied  experimentally  to  the  trolley- 
wheel.  With  the  present  system  the  bearings 
wear  out  rapidly  and  have  to  be  replaced  about 
once  a  month.  la  an  experiment  with  the 
roller  bearing,  the  rim  of  the  wheel  wore  off 
while  the  bearing  remained  in  good  condition. 


The  Largest  Steel  Flume  in  the  country, 
and  probably  in  the  world,  is  now  being  con* 
structed  for  the  Spokane  Hydraulic  Mining 
Company.  The  flume  will  be  an  immense  steel 
pipe  4^  miles  long,  carrying  water  from  the  old 
California  ditch,  at  the  head  of  Pritchard 
Creek,  in  the  Cceir  d'Alene  mining  district, 
above  Murray,  to  the  Old  Wash  gold  diggings 
The  finme  will  be  made  of  heavy  steel  pipe,  22 
inches  in  diameter. 


Improved  Plant  , — A  large  saving  in  the 
cost  of  heavy  guns  has  been  effjcted  in  the 
Washington  foundry  by  the  use  of  the  improved 
plant.  Eight-inch  guns  now  cost  only  $14,623, 
or  S3000  less  than  was  recently  paid  for  guns 
halt  that  size.  Saffi^ient  attention  to  economy 
in  that  direction  is  not  as  general  in  our  large 
shops  as  it  should  be. 


A  Stove  Oven  Thermometer,  ■ —  An  im- 
proved oven  thermometer,  a  device  to  be  ap- 
plied to  the  oven  doors  of  cooking  stoves, 
ranges,  etc.,  to  indicate  the  exact  heat  for  bak- 
ing purposes,  has  lately  been  patented  by  a 
firm  in  Ohio, 


SeiENTiFie  Progress. 


The  Influence  of  the  Ear  h's  Rotation 
on  Moving  Bodies. 

A  late  Carman  writer,  T.  von  Barier,  says: 

It  has  often  been  observed  that  in  railway 
lines  running  north  and  aonth  there  occurs,  in 
course  of  time,  an  appreciable  displacement  of 
the  rails,  always  more  noticeable  on  the  right- 
hand  side  going  south.  This  is,  as  the  author  re- 
markSiChitfi^  dneto  the  effect  of  the  rotation  of 
the  earth  on  its  axis,  the  normal  condition  being 
that  with  a  train  traveling  in  such  a  direction 
and  equally  loaded,  there  is  a  greater  pressure 
on  the  right-hand  side  than  on  the  left. 

In  north  latitude  51°,  a  man  weighing  165 
pounds,  running  at  the  rate  of  13  feet  per  eec- 
ond  from  north  to  south,  sustains  a  horizontal 
pressure  toward  the  east  equal  to  54  grains, 
which,  acting  at  the  center  of  gravity  of  the 
body  at,  say  three  feet  three  inches  above  the 
ground,  necessitates  an  extra  pressure  on  the 
right  foot  of  0  63  ounces,  in  order  to  main- 
tain the  vertical  position  of  the  body.  In  go- 
ing from  south  to  north  the  proportion  is  the 
same;  in  the  aouthern  hemisphere  the  extra 
pressure  would  come  on  the  left  side.  With 
varying  directions  the  force  is,  of  course,  pro- 
portionately varied. 

In  the  case  of  an  express  train,  weighing, 
say,  400  tons,  traveling  northward  at  the  rate 
of  50  miles  an  hour,  the  extra  pressure  on  the 
right  hand  or  eastern  rail  amounts  to  501 
pounds,  the  same  pressure  coming  on  the  right- 
hand  or  western  rail  when  traveling  in  the  re* 
verse  direction.  In  more  northerly  parts  the 
lateral  force  increases,  reaching  its  maximum 
at  the  north  pole,  in  which  region,  in  a  case 
similar  to  the  preceding,  the  extra  pressure  on 
the  right-hand  side  would  be  660  pounds.  In 
the  large  ocean  steamers  the  force  is  consider- 
ably greater,  the  side  pressure  on  the  Inman 
liner,  City  of  Naw  York,  being  about  936 
pounds.  The  tendency  of  this  lateral  prpssure 
would  be  to  drive  the  vessel  (if  on  a  north- 
ward or  southward  course)  somewhat  to  the 
east,  so  that  to  keep  on  a  prescribed  course  re- 
quires a  slightly  increased  engine-power  to 
uveroome  the  tendency  to  deviation.  This  in- 
crease is,  however,  not  more  than  1  10,000. 
Such  as  it  is,  it  is  inappreciable  on  the  east  and 
west  run  between  Liverpool  and  New  York, 
but  would  be  distinctly  perceptible  in  a  voyage 
to  Buenos  Ayres. 


The  Ice  Period  of  North  America. 

E^er  since  the  commencement  of  the  present 
century,  the  Glacial  Period  or  Ice  Age  of  the 
North  American  Continent  has  occupied  much 
of  the  attention  of  geologists  and  other  scien- 
tists, G-sneral  attention  was  first  called  to  the 
matter  by  tbe  invpstigations  and  publications 
of  the  elder  Prof.  Hitchcock.  There  appear  to 
be  three  distinct  eras  of  progression  in  the  dis- 
cussion of  the  question,  as  foilowp: 

First.  From  ISOO  to  about  1S50,  when  the 
belief  was  quite  general  that  the  entire  north- 
ern portion  of  tbe  continent  was  submerged 
ind  covered  with  floating  icebergs,  moving  in 
a  southerly  direction,  blozing  their  course  by 
deep  groves  in  the  rocks,  scooping  out  little 
valleys,  etc. 

Second.  From  1850  to  1875,  during  which 
period  the  submersion  and  iceberg  theory 
gradually  gave  way  to  glacial  action — Immense 
rivers  of  ice  which  flowed  or  plowed  their  way 
southerly  over  the  continent,  leaving  the  same 
marks  of  progress  which  had  previously  been 
attributed  to  icebergs. 

Third,  and  lastly,  since  1875  the  idea  has 
been  gra'lually  gaining  ground  that  previous 
theories  have  been  quite  too  superScial  to  ac- 
count for  all  the  phenomena  observed  almost 
everywhere  on  the  central  and  northern  face  of 
the  continent,  and  that  our  theories  in  this 
connection  must  be  remodeled. 

Pfof.  C.  H.  Hitchcock  of  Dartmouth  College, 
N.  H,,  has  recently  written  a  review  of 
"  Wright's  Ice  Age  of  North  America,"  which 
is  replete  with  information  on  this  subjsct. 
Mr,  Wright,  in  connection  with  the  late  Prof. 
H,  C.  Lewis,  made  a  special  work  of  the  study 
of  the  phenomena  connected  with  the  Ice  Age 
of  the  continent,  and  especially  of  the  great 
terminal  moraine  which  they  traced  throagh 
New  Jersey,  Pennsylvania,  Ohio,  Kentucky 
and  lodiana.  They  also  spent  a  summer  on 
the  great  Muir  Glacier  of  Alaska.  In  their 
record  of  this  examination  they  eay  that  '*  this 
glacier  is  located  at  the  head  of  Claoier  bay,  in 
latitude  50"  50'  and  longitude  136°  60',  with 
mountains  over  15  000  feet  high  bstween  itself 
and  the  Pacific  ocean.  The  glacier  is  formed 
from  nine  branches  and  17  branchlets,  which 
discharge  into  the  inlet  from  a  point  of  300 
feet,"  Tbe  movement  of  the  ice  was  40  feet 
per  day  on  the  sides  and  70  feet  in  tbe  center. 
The  water-front  of  the  glacier  is  about  one  mile 
across,  from  which  bergs  are  almost  continu- 
ally  falling  off.  The  enure  period  of-  the  con- 
tinuance of  the  Ice  Age  is  estimated  by  Prof. 
Prestwich  to  have  been  from  15,000  to  25,000 
years.  The  stt^dy  of  this  problem  and  the 
phenomena  connected  with  it  is  one  of  the 
moat  interesting  which  has  ever  engaged  the 
attention  of  the  geologist. 

A  Carbonic  Oxide  Indicator.— An  appa- 
ratus for  indicating  the  presence  of  carbonic 
oxide  gas  in  the  atmosphere  has  been  perfected 
by  M.  Rasine,     Ite  action  depends  on  the  prop- 


erty of  spongy  platinum  to  absorb  oarbonio 
oxide  with  evolution  of  sensible  heat.  Two 
metallic  plates  are  placed  vertically  over  each 
other,  which,  when  touching,  oloae  an  electric 
circuit.  The  upper  plate  is  suspended  from  a 
hook  by  means  of  an  easily  combustible  thread. 
This  thread  ia  wrapped  in  muslin,  containing  a 
little  cotton  powder  dusted  ovsr  with  spongy 
platinum.  If  this  arrangement  is  exposed  in 
an  atmosphere  containing  oarbonio  oxide,  the 
spongy  platinum  will  absorb  it  and  set  fire  to 
the  cotton,  which  will  In  turn  burn  the  thread, 
and  BO  cause  the  electrical  contacts  to  complete 
the  circuit  and  ring  a  bell. 

The  Human  Body  Improved. — We  have  all 
heard  a  great  deal  from  time  to  time  regarding 
the  perfect  adaptability  of  the  human  body  to 
the  various  uses  for  which  it  is  intended,  and 
we  have  been  taught  to  believe  that,  considered 
simply  as  a  machine  for  accomplishing  certain 
things,  it  was  well-nigh  Ideal  perfection,  and 
left  no  room  for  improvement.  It  seems,  how- 
ever, that  a  Russian  inventor  thinks  different- 
ly, and  has  taken  out  patents,  both  at  home 
and  in  this  country,  for  what  might  be 
cillad  *'  Improvements  to  the  Human  Body, 
Dasigned  to  Facilitate  Walking,  Running  and 
Jumping."  The  drawings  show  two  large 
springs  in  the  shape  of  a  bow,  their  upper  ex- 
tremities attached  to  the  shoulders  or  at  either 
aide  of  the  waiat,  and  the  lower  extremities  to 
the  feet.  The  necessary  bands  and  buckles 
and  harness  for  securing  the  springs  are  vari- 
ously disposed  about  the  body. 

CiNcnoNA  Trees  IN  yAN  Francisco — Adolph 
Sutro  is  trying  the  experiment  of  raising  cin- 
chona trees  near  San  Francisco,  "If  he  suc- 
ceeds," says  an  exchange,  *'  he  will  not  only 
have  some  very  ornamental  trees,  but  demon- 
strate that  the  raw  material  for  quinine  can  be 
produced  in  thia  country."  By  late  acconnta 
it  appears  that  the  Cedron  bean  is  likely  to 
eventually  supplant  quinine.  The  extract  from 
this  bean  or  seed  is  said  to  possess  all  the  vir- 
tues of  tbe  cinchona  or  Paruviaa  bark,  while  it 
produces  no  unfavorable  effect  upon  the  head. 
Its  action  is  mild — not  unpleasant  aa  quinine 
is,  but  very  effdctive  in  malaria,  ohilla  and 
fever,  colds,  etc. 


Destroying  and  Renkwing  tbe  Explosive 
Power  of  Nitro  Glycerine. — Another  man 
claims  to  have  made  a  discovery  which  will 
"revolutionize  the  art  of  war."  His  name  is 
Sobwahn  and  he  Uvea  In  New  York.  His  in- 
vention is  a  nentralizsr  of  nitro-glycerine.  He 
mixes  the  two  and  the  compound  will  burn 
with  a  blue  flime  but  not  explode;  but  by 
pouring  wat^r  over  the  compound  the  two  ele- 
ments separate  and  the  deadly  properties  of  the 
nitro-glycerine  are  restored. 


A  Discovery, — It  is  said  that  a  man  in 
Woodfanll,  N.  Y.,  baa  secured  a  patent  on  mak- 
ing hemlock  trees  yield  bark  perpetually.  Or- 
dinarily, stripping  the  hark  from  a  tree  kills  it; 
but  this  WoodhuU  invsntor  applies  a  solution 
to  the  tree,  after  peeling,  that  excludes  the  air, 
and  the  result  is  a  new  crop  of  bark  the  next 
year.  If  he  has  obtained  a  patent  for  bis  al- 
leged invention,  he  must  have  satisfied  the  Pat- 
ent Office  that  be  really  can  do  what  he  claims. 


Determination  of  Silicon  in  Iron. — To 
determine  the  quantity  of  silicon  in  iron,  Clerc 
heats  one  grain  of  the  powdered  epeoimen  with 
15  to  20  cc.  of  water,  10  co.  bromine,  and  75  cc. 
of  hydrochloric  acid,  to  100°,  After  the  solu- 
tioQ  ia  completed  he  thins  it  with  from  200  to 
300  cc.  of  hot  water,  filters,  washes  tbe  remain- 
der, calcines  and  weighs  the  silicon.  The  ex- 
periment occupies  little  time  and  is  exact. 

Insect  Life. — It  ii  said  that  there  are  over 
1  000,000  species  of  insecta  upon  the  earth. 
There  is  no  region  free  from  insect  life.  What 
any  animal  can  do,  some  insect  can  do;  what 
any  animal  can  eat,  some  insect  can  eat;  there 
is  no  mode  of  progression  used  by  any  animal 
that  some  insect  doea  not  use.  Their  suscepti- 
bility of  classification  is  most  perfect. 

A  New  Range  Finder  is  spoken  of  in  Ber- 
lin which  is  said  to  be  superior  to  anything  of 
the  kind  in  existence.  Up  to  7000  yards  it  in- 
dicates distances  with  a  degree  of  accuracy 
hitherto  nnapproached.  The  instrument,  the 
readings  of  which  are  determined  by  geometri- 
cal methods,  is  the  invention  of  Capt.  Erie,  a 
staff  officer  of  the  Gsrman  artillery. 

The  Alexandrine  Blue  has  again  been  dis- 
covered, according  to  a  French  mineralogist 
who  claims  to  have  discovered  in  a  mixture  of 
copper  and  lime  the  beautiful  color  azurrino, 
the  composition  of  which  has  so  long  been  a 
puzzle  to  artists.  His  tint  is  aaid  to  be  per- 
fectly unchangeable,  and  is  identical  with  the 
famous  Alexacdrine  blue. 


Not  Injurious. — It  appears  to  be  dawning 
upon  C3ngreB8,  as  well  as  upon  the  country  gen- 
erally, saya  the  New  York  Shipping  List,  that 
the  mixing  of  pure  cotton-seed  oil  with  lard, 
although  It  may  be  an  adulterant,  ia  not  un- 
healtbful,  etc.,  but  an  absolute  improvement 
in  every  way. 


Science  Teaching  in  China. — It  is  a  curi- 
ous tact  to  noticu  tdac  in  Cbina  scientific  sub- 
jacts  are  being  taught  by  J^ipanese  instructors 
who  have  arqiiired  their  technical  education  in 
this  country,  and  that  the  teachers  are  using 
the  Eaglish  language  with  their  classes. 


Apbil  5,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


235 


(SooD  He::Alth, 

Toothache — The  president  of  ttie  Midland 
Br»nob  of  the  Briti«h  Dental  Aeeooiation,  Mr. 
H.  C.  1,'ainby,  protettj  against  the  preaent  ex- 
travigant  waate  of  human  teeth  by  country 
aardeooa  and  incompetent  dentists,  and  de- 
olares  that,  while  there  may  be  sutUoient  rea- 
•ona  for  extraoting  a  tooth,  it  ia  never  necessary 
to  do  so  merely  to  relieve  pain.  In  at  leaat  >M 
per  cent  of  the  oaaea  coming  to  an  active  den- 
tiat,  pains  from  teeth  are  due  to  what  may  be 
called  primary  and  secondary  toothache. 
Primary  toothache,  the  pain  of  which  is  oftener 
felt  in  the  neive  terminals  in  the  face  than  in 
the  tooth  Itself,  is  congestion  of  the  tooth  polp, 
and  It  may  be  relieved  very  easily  by  careful 
excavation  eutfioient  to  allow  an  escape  of 
blood  from  the  pulp,  which  may  then  be  devi- 
talized by  an  arsenical  dreasing.  To  complete 
the  operation,  which  may  bo  poatponed  for 
weeks  without  further  inconvenience,  the  pulp 
must  be  removed  from  the  root  oanala,  and 
theae  filled  to  the  apex.  Secondary  toothache, 
or  alveolar  abaoeaa,  is  caused  by  gangrene  of  the 
pulp,  and  ia  regarded  by  most  surgeons  as  so 
serious  as  to  call  for  a  removal  of  the  tooth, 
which  in  nine  oases  out  of  ten  might  be  re- 
tained and  made  useful  and  comfortable.  The 
course  of  treatment  is  an  opening  to  the  pulp 
to  relieve  the  pain,  followed  by  a  series  of  an- 
tiseptic dressings  In  the  roots  to  cleanse  them 
from  all  putrescent  matter,  and  then,  as  in  the 
other  case,  tilling  them  to  the  apex. 


E'LECTPjeiTY, 
Storage  Batteries. 


Opekatioss  on  the  Liver.— The  faUl  result 
atteudaDt  upon  an  operutioo  on  the  liver  of  a 
Udy  in  Grasa  Valley  farniahee  no  good  reaeon 
why  under  favorable  oonditione.BUcn  operationa 
may  not  be  euoceaaful.  In  the  coarae  of  long 
inveatigation.  Prof.  Ponfic  of  Brealau  has  made 
the  important  dlaoovery  that  a  large  part  of 
the  liver— even  as  muoh  as  three  fonrtha— 
may  be  removed  without  aerious  diBturbanoe 
of  the  animal  functiona.  Sargeona  had  before 
known  that  the  whole  of  the  liver  ia  not  abBO- 
lately  esaential  to  health,  bat  could  hardly 
anppoae  that  the  sudden  destraotion  of  a  con- 
siderable part  of  it  would  not  be  aerious,  and 
now  may  be  enabled  to  perform  operations 
hitherto  believed  to  be  impoaaible.  Prof.  Pon- 
fic found  that  the  liver  haa  a  wonderful  power 
of  reproduction,  in  some  oaaea  a  portion  equal 
to  two-thirds  being  replaced  by  a  new  growth 
within  a  few  week  a. 

Looking  Backward  on  La  aRiPPE  —There 
were  altogether  about  300  diatincc  epidemics  of 
influenza  or  la  grippe  in  Europe  between  1510, 
when  the  diaeaae  was  first  noted  at  Malta,  and 
1850.  In  1729  the  whole  of  Europe  suffered  se- 
verely. According  to  statietica  publiahed  by 
the  Nove  Vermya,  the  diseaae  caused  90S 
deaths  in  London  m  one  week,  and  in  Vienna 
60,000  persona  were  affected.  In  1737  and  1743 
there  were  further  outbreaka,  and  the  deaths 
in  one  week  in  London  amounted  to  1000.  In 
1775,  domeatic  animala  were  first  attacked  by 
it.  in  1785,  50.000  persona  fell  ill  of  it  in 
St.  Peteraburg  in  24  houra.  In  St.  Petera- 
burg,  quinine  ia  now  aerved  out  daily  to  the 
troopB.         _^ 

Dtfiiteeria.— The  ScknOJic  American  Tec- 
ommenda  the  lo.Ijwing:  As  the  first  indica- 
tion of  diphtheria  in  the  throat  of  a  child, 
make  the  room  cloae,  then  take  a  tin  cup  and 
pour  into  it  a  quantity  of  tar  and  turpentine, 
equal  parts;  then  hold  the  cup  over  afire,  ao 
aa  to  fill  the  room  with  fumea.  The  little 
patient,  on  inhaling  the  fames,  will  cough  up 
and  spit  out  all  the  membranoua  matter,  and 
the  diphtheria  will  pass  out.  The  fumea  of 
the  tar  and  turpentine  loosen  the  matter  »n  the 
throat  and  thus  afford  the  relief  that  haa  baf- 
fled  the  akill  of  physioiana. 

Deadly  Work  of  Nicotine.— Iq  France,  ex- 
perimeatb  were  maae  tu  buow  the  effect  of  to- 
biQco  amoke  on  meat  and  other  food,  including 
vfE3tablea.  A  piece  of  rare  meat,  after  being 
exyosed  for  acme  time  to  tobacco  smoke,  waa 
offered  to  a  dog,  which  refused  to  touch  it.     It 


A  few  months  ago,  comparatively  speaking, 
the  electrical  aoientiats  were  interested  only  in 
the  action  of  the  eeoondary  or  storage  bittery. 
Some  prophecies  were  made  as  to  what  it  might 
be  in  the  practical  world,  but  these  propheotea 
were  merely  looked  upon  aa  the  enthusiastic 
expression  of  dreamers.  To*day  the  country  ia 
full  of  storage  batteries  of  many  makes,  and  the 
Patent  OtLice  reports  new  inventions  and  im- 
provements every  week.  To-day  a  storage  bat- 
tery ia  useful  in  many  ways,  ia  almost  a  necea- 
eity  in  some  cases,  and,  as  a  prominent  elec- 
trician of  the  country  said  the  other  day,  **  the 
storage  battery,  even  aa  frail  and  uncertain  as 
it  is  now,  ia  a  neceasary  evil."  As  the  storage 
battery — or,  by  another  name,  the  accumulator 
— atanda  to-day,  ita  uaefalneaa  for  work  de- 
pends upon  partially  known  laws  of  chemistry 
and  oommon-senae  lawa  of  meohaniam.  The 
chemical  laws  taken  advantage  of  by  the 
maker  cf  any  accumulator  are  invariably  the 
same. 

Electricity,  like  water,  depends  for  its  power 
of  doing  work  on  two  conditions  :  quantity 
and  force;  ita  potentiality  increaaea  according 
to  the  place  where  it  ia  produced  aa  compared 
with  that  at  aome  other  place.  The  difference 
of  potential  oorreaponda  with  the  difference  of 
level  in  liquids,  with  the  diffarence  of  pressure 
in  gases,  with  the  difference  of  temperature  in 
heat.  As  the  aea  level  ia  the  standard  for 
measuring  the  bight  of  a  mouotain,  so  are 
electric  levels  meaanred  from  the  arbitrary  level 
of  the  potential  of  the  earth. 

A  storage  battery  does  not  store  electricity 
any  more  than  the  spring  of  a  clock  can  be  aaid 
to  atore  time  or  sound;  it  stores  energy.  The 
energy  of  an  electric  current  ia  ueed  to  produce 
a  decompoaition  of  metal  of  auch  a  nature  as 
will  independently  produce  a  current  on  the 
removal  of  the  original  current.  The  cells  or 
accumulators  are  two  plates  of  metals  immersed 
in  a  liquid  acid  whioh  is  called  the  electrolyte, 
and  woich  cannot  act  on  the  platea  until  after 
an  electric  current  haa  passed  through  it, 
which  effecta  its  decompoaition  in  depositing  ita 
positive  and  negative  oonstituents  on  the 
plates.  Oq  the  cessation  of  the  current  the 
cells  are  discharged  by  a  oonnection  outside 
the  l''quid,  in  the  opposite  direction.  Plates  of 
oompresaed  litharge  have  been  recently  uaed, 
and  many  experiments  are  bsing  made  in  the 
hopes  of  obtaining  such  reanlta  aa  wilt  avoid  tha 
neoeasity  of  using  a  dynamo.  Electric  meters 
are  those  in  which  a  portion  of  the  current 
paaaea  through  a  solution  of  a  metallic  salt,  and 
the  etrengtb  la  determined  by  the  amount  of 
electrolytic  decomposition  it  effecta.  There  is 
also  an  electro-thermal  meter  to  measure  the 
heat  caused  by  a  certain  reaietance,  or  by  the 
amount  of  a  I'quid  evaporated  by  the  beat  gen- 
erated by  the  current;  and  an  electro-magnetic 
meter,  in  which  the  current  ia  measured  by  the 
magnetic  effeota  it  produoea  upon  a  needle  by 
deflecting  it. 


laat  Wedneaday.  Rspeated  experiments  have 
shown  this  to  be  the  ideal  system  for  the 
running  of  street  cara,  provided  the  cost 
bo  not  too  great.  On  thia  subject  we  have 
the  estimate  of  President  Wharton  that  the 
coat  win  be  leaa  than  that  of  running  the 
oars  by  horae^power. — Philadelphia  Ledger, 


The  BuiLDEF^, 


TiiK  NiuKtL  IN  THE  MtTKic  SYSTEM. — Some- 
body of  an  ingenious  turn  of  mind  glvea  us  the 
metric  system,  '*not  in  a  nutahell,"  but  In  a 
nickel.  It  ia  claimed  that  our  nickel  five  cent 
piece  holda  the  key  to  the  linear  measurea  and 
weighta.  The  diameter  of  thia  coin  la  two 
centimeters,  and  ita  weight  la  five  grammes. 
Five  cf  them  placed  in  a  row  will,  of  course, 
give  the  length  of  the  decimeter,  and  two  of 
them  will  weigh  a  decagramme.  Aa  the 
kioliter  i9  a  cubic  meter,  the  key  to  the  meaa- 
urea  of  length,  it  is  also  the  key  to  the  meas- 
urea of  capacity  Any  pereon,  therefore,  who 
ia  fortunate  enough  to  own  a  five-cent  nickel, 
may  carry  in  his  pocket  the  entire  metric  aye- 
tern  of  weighta  and  meaaurea. — Cleveland  Plain' 
dealer. 

The  Dynamite  Gon  Industry  promises  to 
assume  quite  an  important  patition  among  the 
induetriea  of  the  country.  The  British  Gov- 
ernment has  an  order  already  placed  with  the 
Paeumatic  Dynamite  Company  at  the  Eist  for 
50  guns  whioh  will  involve  a  cost  not  much 
under  §1.500,000.  The  Italian  Government,  it 
ia  aaid,  ia  oonaidering  the  question  of  ordering 
a  dozen  or  more  dynamite  guns,  and  will  also 
fit  out  a  cruiser  mounted  with  theao  pieces 
after  the  manner  employed  in  the  Vesuvius. 
At  present  the  Pneumatic  Dvnamite  Company 
18  engaged  in  supplying  the  United  Statea  Gov- 
ernment with  five  15-inch  guns,  in  addition  to 
the  two  already  conatrncted. 


Electricity  and  Mechanism, 


Eurdpe'.s  Future  Industrial  Center, — 
Whatever  may  be  said  to  the  contrary,  it  will  be 
many  years  before  the  coal  aupply  of  Eogland  for 
practical  induatrial  uses  will  become  exhausted. 
It  ia  more  than  probable  that  even  within  the 
lifetime  of  aome  now  living  her  induatrial  su- 
premacy will  depart  with  the  exhaustion  of  her 
coal-fielda.  Then  Swilzarland,  Italy  and  the 
Scandinavian  peninsula,  or  aome  other  more 
abundant  coal  regions  yet  to  be  diaoovered,  will 
become  the  great  manufacturing  centers  of  Eu- 
rope. But  ere  that  time  the  great  industrial 
center  of  the  world  will  be  the  United  States  of 
America. 

Natural  Gas  Investments.  —  The  capital 
invested  in  the  aupply  of  natural  gaa  ia  enor- 
mous. At  the  date  of  the  official  report  in  ISSS, 
one  Pittsburg  company  had  a  capital  of  $12,- 
000,000,  and  the  total  capitalization  of  all 
the  companies  in  the  various  Statea  waa  esti- 
mated at  W.OOO.OOO.  The  hundreds  of  com- 
paniea  that  have  organized,  prospected,  bored, 
struck  water  and  disbanded  since  then,  will 
awell  that  amount  to  almoat  incredible  proper 

tiODS. 


Resonance  of  BnildlDgs. 

There  are  aome  buildinga  which  are  ao  utter- 
ly bad  from  the  acouatic  point  of  view  that 
even  experienced  apeakers  are  little  better  off 
than  novicea,  aaya  Sir  Morrell  Miokenzie  in 
the  Contemporary  Review,  The  House  of 
Lords  haa,  or  uaed  to  have,  an  unenviable  repu- 
tation in  thia  respect,  and  in  1S4S  it  was  ao  dif- 
ficult for  speakers  to  make  themselves  heard  in 
the  French  chambers  that  a  committee,  con- 
eietiug  of  the  leading  acientific  Inminariea  of 
the  day,  waa  appointed  to  study  the  caee  and 
suggest  a  remedy.  After  numerous  experi- 
mente  they  hit  upon  a  contrivance,  designed  on 
the  most  scientific  principles,  which  was  to 
make  the  orator's  voice  ring  like  a  clarion  to 
the  fartheet  benchea.  The  laat  state  of  the 
apeaker,  however,  waa  worse  than  the  first; 
he  felt  as  if  his  voice  waa  st  fled  under 
a  huge  nightcap,  and  the  highly  scientific 
sound  reflector  had  to  be  diaoarded  aa  a  fail- 
ure. 

Indeed,  modern  public  buildinga  are  ao  often 
defective  in  thia  reapeot  that  I  am  not  aur- 
prised  to  find  M.  Ch.  Garnier,  who  designed 
the  Grand  Opera  in  Paris,  exclaiming  dolefully : 
*'The  eoience  of  the  theatrical  acouatics  ia  still 
in  ita  infancy,  and  the  result  in  any  given  case 
ia  uncertain,"  One  of  the  moat  remarkable 
buildinga  from  the  acoustic  point  of  view  that 
I  have  ever  aeen  is  the  beebive-ahaped  temple 
in  Salt  Like  City.  It  holds  from  12,000  to 
14,000  people,  and  one  can  literally  hear  a  pin 
fall.  When  I  was  in  the  temple,  with  aome 
other  travelers,  in  1882,  the  functionary  corre- 
aponding  to  the  verger  of  ordinary  charchea, 
atood  at  the  farthest  end  and  dropped  a  pin 
into  hia  hat,  the  fall  of  whioh  was  dlatinctly 
heard  at  the  opposite  end.  The  reaonance  of 
the  building  ia  so  loud  that  branches  of  trees 
have  to  be  suspended  from  the  oeiling  in  sev- 
eral places  in  order  to  diminish  it.  It  is  likely 
enough  that  Brlgbam  Young's  inspiration  had 
not  a  very  recondite  and  purely  terrestrial 
source,  for  hia  Baehive  la  only  a  slight  modifi- 
oation  of  the  whispering  gallery  in  St.  Paul's. 
The  bad  acoustic  properties  of  buildinga  may 
be  remedied  by  what  doctors  call  *' palliative 
treatment." 

Charles  Dickens'  experience  aa  a  public 
reader  made  him  a  man  of  ready  resource  in 
ineeting  auch  difficultiea.  Oa  one  occasion, 
when  he  was  going  to  lecture  at  Leeds,  Ed- 
mund Yatea,  who  had  spoken  in  the  same  hall 
the  evening  before,  sent  him  word  that  the 
acoustic  conditiona  of  the  place  were  very  bad. 
Dickens  at  once  telegraphed  inetrnction  that 
curtains  ahould  be  hung  round  the  walla  at  the 
back  of  the  gallery;  by  thia  means  he  waa  able 
to  make  himself  more  easily  heard. 

One  of  the  halls  In  the  Pioneer  building  of 
this  city  has  ita  walls  on  three  sides  hung  with 
curtains,  without  which  it  would  be  almoat  im- 
possible to  uae  it  for  public  speaking. 


waa  then  concealed  in  aome  palatable  covering, 
and  the  dog  ate  it  and  died  in  a  short  time.  Ao 
autopsy  showed  nicotine-poiaoning  to  have 
caused  death. 

A  Cholera  Specific— A  report  comes  from 
India  that  a  apecific  bas  at  laat  been  found  for 
the  terrible  scourge  of  cholera,  and  that  out  of 
18  patients  treated  with  the  drug,  the  nanie  of 
which  is  salol,  not  one  succumbed  to  the  dis- 
ease, although  aome  of  them  were  in  a  atate  ot 
collapse  when  the  drug  was  adrainiatered. 

Professional  Athletes.— *'  Show  me  apro- 
feaaioaal  atuleto  40  years  old,"  aaya  an  eminent 
phyaician,  "and  I  will  show  you  an  old  man 
beyond  his  time,  with  bones  out  of  shape,  mus- 
cles injured,  and  iointa  stiffened,  and  no^  one 
would  promise  him  five  years  more  of  lite. 

A  New  Use  for  Electricity.— It  is  claimed 
that  wall  paper  can  be  made  in  such  a  way  that 
the  passage  of  low -tension  electric  currents 
will  heat  it  moderately  warm  to  the  touch  and 
diffuae  throughout  the  room  an  agreeable  tem- 
perature.  

Eight  Varieties  of  Leprosy  are  recognized 
in  China,  and  the  diaeaae  ia  recognized  as  con- 
tagiouB,  infeotiouB  and  hereditary,  but  la  said 
to  diaappear  in  four  generationa, 


The  moat  notable  thing  about  the  late  Con- 
vention of  the  National  Electric  Light  Aaaooi- 
ation  at  Kansas  City  was  that  tnere  was  ao  little 
aaid  and  diacuased  about  electricity,  and  ao 
much  about  engineering  and  conetructif  n.  The 
situation  aeemtd  to  have  been  very  well 
summed  up  by  one  of  thg  speakers  when  he 
aaid  :  '*  The  mechanical  part  of  electrical  cou' 
atruction  ia  practically  all  of  it."  It  does  not 
follow  from  this  that  we  know  all  about  elec- 
tricity and  that  we  are  done  with  the  atudy  of 
that  part  of  it,  but  it  is  beginning  to  be  an 
accepted  fact  that  the  question  of  the  com- 
mercial success  of  the  electric-lighting  busineae 
hlngea  upon  auch  plain  engineering  matters  aa 
the  oonstruotion  of  boilers  and  enginea,  and 
upon  the  generation  and  tranamiasion  of  power. 
Apart  f(om  the  diacussion  ot  purely  busineea 
mattera,  the  principal  papers  of  the  meeting 
were  those  upon  the  autjeota  of  the  ateam  en- 
gine, the  ateam  boiler  and  the  conatruction  of  a 
suitable  building  in  which  to  put  them. 

Electrical  engineering  ia  rapidly  working 
over  into  the  domain  of  mechanical  engineer 
ing,  and  electricity  ia  taking  a  place  among  the 
available  forcea  of  nature  aa  much  as  the  force 
of  gravitation  or  the  vibration  of  heat.  This 
does  not  necessarily  mean  that  the  mechanical 
engineer  must  become  an  electrician,  for  the 
atudy  of  electrical  phenomena  ahould  remain  in 
the  field  of  the  physicist  just  aa  the  inveatiga- 
tion  of  heat,  light  and  sound  have  done. 

Still,  whenever  any  of  the  natural  forces  are 
to  be  set  to  work,  and  the  queation  of  dollars 
and  cents  enters  into  the  problem,  then  the 
mechanical  engineer  steos  in,  and  it  ia  in  hie 
hands  that  the  most  effective  practical  work 
will  be  done.     

Electrical  Transmission. — The  current  to 
be  used  in  lighting  the  atreets  of  Portland,  Or., 
will  be  generated  12  miles  away.  Thia  ia  thought 
to  be  the  longeat  distance  over  which  the  trans- 
miaaion  of  electrical  power  haa  been  attempted 
in  thia  country.  The  current  ia  to  have  an 
electro-motive  force  of  4000  volte. 


A  Sea-Shore  Within  Doors  — The  children 
of  a  Pniladelphia  household  can  play  on  the 
beach  all  the  year  round,  to  all  intents  and 
purpoaea.  The  indulgent  and  aomewhat  in- 
epnioua  papa  had  a  faalE-dozsn  barrels  of  Cape 
Miy  aand  ahlpped  from  the  ahore,  and  now  it 
doea  aervice  on  the  play-room  floor,  where  the 
babiea  romp  with  bucket  and  shovel  just  aa  they 
did  laat  midsummer.  He  opened  a  new  barrel 
on  Christmas  Diy. 

Cheap  Money  East. — A  few  daya  skice  a 
little  village  in  Mifsacbusetta  aold  $50,000 
worth  of  3i  per  cent  bonda  at  a  premium  of 
nearly  $20U0,  and  yet  the  bonda  were  no  aafer 
than  those  being  issued  by  our  irrigation  dis- 
tricts. It  would  pay  aome  of  the  irrigation 
diatricta  to  aend  an  agent  to  Eaatern  money 
centers  and  place  the  bonds  there.  This  city  is 
paying  aa  high  as  seven  par  cent  for  aome  of  its 
indebtedness. 

Pyrotechnic  Effects  in  table  decoration 
are  rampant.  Electric  wires  are  ran  through 
the  stems  of  tulips,  white  lilies  and  jonquils;  a 
bunch  of  them  planted  in  an  epsrgne  give  the 
red,  yellow,  green  and  brown  Iruit  the  glow  of 
enchantment,  and  when  the  white  bright  light 
streams  from  a  pkque  of  nuts,  the  senaation  ia 
rather  more  weird  than  poetic. 

Ink  Stains  on  Silver.— The  topa  and  other 
portions  of  silver  inkatanda  frequently  become 
deeply  diaoolored  with  ink,  which  ia  diffiault  to 
remove  by  ordinary  meana.  It  may,  however, 
be  completely  eradicated  by  making  a  little 
chloride  of  lime  into  a  paste  with  water,  and 
rubbing  it  upon  the  stain. 

Varnishing  New  Copper  Work.— In  var- 
niahing  new  copper  work,  use  boiled  linseed 
oil ;  it  atanda  the  weather  as  well  as  the  beat 
coach  varnish,  although  it  does  not  make  ao 
amooth  a  aurface,  and  ia  much  cheaper.  Two 
coata  are  sufficient;  let  the  first  coat  dry  thor 
oughly  before  the  second  ia  applied. 


Slate  an  Unsafe  Roofing. — A  writer  In  the 
Milling  World  says:  Slate  is  not  a  safe  ma- 
terial for  mill  roofa.  Not  long  ago  I  saw  a 
slate-roofed  mill  fired  by  beat  from  an  adjoln- 
iug  building.  The  heat  cracked  the  elatea  and 
they  ran  off  the  roof  in  a  shower,  leaving  dry 
wood  exposed  to  the  fliimea.  Another  building 
covered  with  shingles  waa  equally  exposed, 
and  singularly  enough,  the  roof  of  the  alate- 
oovered  mill  took  fire  before  the  roof  of  the 
ahingle-covered  building.  The  streams  of  wa- 
ter turned  on  the  elates  after  they  became  hot, 
oauaed  their  rapid  destraotion,  while  the 
wetted  shingles  were  kept  from  burning.  The 
slated  roof  allowed  streams  of  water  to  drip 
downward  through  the  entire  building,  while 
the  shingle  roof  protected  the  building  which 
it  covered.  Slate  roofs  may  prevent  firea  from 
floating  sparks,  and  shingle  roofa  when  very 
dry  may  invite  firea  from  such  sparks,  but 
where  buildinga  are  crowded  closely  together, 
almost  any  one  of  the  roofing  materials  ia  bet- 
ter and  safer  than  elate,  because  In  the  case  of 
crowded  buildinga  the  slate  is  exposed  to  heat 
sufficient  to  break  it  and  uncover  the  wood. 


Storage  Batteries  for  Street  Cars  — 
There  is  no  doubt  about  the  mechanical  auccesa 
of  electric  motor  oars  run  by  atorage  batteriea, 
and  that  seems  to  have  been  all  that  waa  dem- 
onatrated  in  the  trial  on  the  Lehigh  avenue  road 


German  Sausages.— It  came  out  in  an  Eng- 
lish court  a  short  time  aince  that  100  worn-out 
horses  had  juat  been  shipped  from  that  country 
to  Germany  and  Balgium  to  be  uaed  in  the 
manufacture  of  aausage,  and  that  auoh  ship- 
ments were  a  regular  thing. 


A  Chimney  that  Will  Draw.— To  build  a 
chimney  that  will  draw  forever  and  not  fill  up 
with  soot,  you  must  build  it  large  enough,  16 
inchea  square;  uae  good  brick  and  clay  Instead 
of  lime  up  to  the  comb;  plaster  it  inside  with 
clay  mixed  with  salt;  for  chimney  topa  use  the 
very  best  of  brick,  wet  them  and  lay  them  in 
cement  mortar.  The  chimney  should  not  be 
built  tight  to  beams  and  rafters;  there  is  where 
the  cracks  in  your  chimneys  come,  and  where 
most  of  the  firea  originate,  aa  the  chimney 
aometimea  geta  red-hot.  A  chimney  built  from 
cellar  up  is  better  and  less  dangeroua  than  one 
hung  on  the  wall.  Don't  get  your  atoveplpe 
hole  too  cloae  to  the  oeiling — IS  inches  from 
it.— Ex. 

A  New  Building  System.— A^  Paria  archi- 
tect propoaea  a  system  of  building  houaea  en- 
tirely of  sheet  iron,  the  walla,  partitions,  roofa 
and  wainscotting  to  be  composed  of  double 
metallic  sheets  separated  by  an  air  mattress, 
surrounded  by  different  substances  non-conduc- 
tive of  heat.  The  chief  merit  claimed  for  thia 
plan  ia  the  Incombustibility  which  it  secures, 
and,  aa  the  metal  employed  allows  of  the  most 
varied  forms  of  ornamentation,  the  general 
aspect  may  be  made  as  pleasing  aa  that  pro- 
duced by  the  ordinary  materials  in  uae. 


236 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[April  5,  1890 


A.  T.  DEWEY.  W.  E.  KWER. 

DEWEY  &  CO.,  Publishers. 


Office,  220  Market  St.^  N.  E, cor.Front  St. ,  S.  F» 
KM"  Take  the  Elevator,  No.  IS  Front  S«."Wi 


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SAN    FRANCISCO: 

Saturday,   April  5,    1890. 


TABLE  OF  CONTENTS. 


ILLUSTRATIONS.  —  Hinkle'H  Centrifugal  Quartz 
Mill  with  Plates  and  "  Slummer;"  The  Eckart  Rolls  for 
Crushinji  Ore;  Section  of  Eckart  Rolls,  229.  Ideal 
View  of  an  Ancient  Lake;  The  Lake  Bed  Covered  by 
Eirtby  Eruptive  Matter;  Result  of  Geological  Changes 
Producing  Present  Changes,  237- 

BUlTOKlALa.— The  Eckart  Rolls;  A  New  Centrifu- 
gal Quarz  Mill,  229.  Passing  Events;  Revival  of  Min- 
ing iShare  Speculation;  The  Low  Tariff  on  Lead;  Stew- 
art Mining  Bill,  236.     Sampling  Ore",  2S9. 

OORRBSFONIIIUNCE.— The  Stewart  Mining  Bill, 
The  Deep  Placers  of  California,  230-231. 

MINING  SUMMARY— From  cue  various  counties 
of  Calitornia,  Nevada,  Arizona,  Colorado,  Idaho,  Mon- 
tana, New  Mexico,  Oregon,  Utah,  Wyoming,  232-238. 

MBOHANICAL  PROGRESS.  —  American  Tin 
Plates;  New  Geiman  Invention;  Mechanical  Drawing; 
Artistic  Progress  in  Flint  Glass;  German  Sewing  Ma- 
chines; Fine  Mechanism;  Reducinar  Friction  in  Elec- 
trical Machinery;  Improved  Plant;  A  Stove  Oven  Ther- 
mometer, 234. 

SOIBNTIFIC  PROGRESS.  —  The  Influence  of 
the  Earth's  Rotation  on  Moving  Bodi.s;  The  Ice  Period 
of  North  America;  The  Humm  Body  Improved;  Cio- 
chooa  Trees  in  San  Francisco;  Destroying  and  Renew, 
ing  the  Explosi  e  Power  of  &itro  Glycerine;  A  Discov- 
ery; Deteiniination  of  Silicon  in  Iron;  Insect  Life;  Not 
Injurious;  Science  Teaching  in  China,  234. 

GOOD  HE  a.LTH.— Toothache;  Operations  on  the 
Liver;  Looking  Backward  on  La  Grippe;  Diphtheria; 
Deadly  Work  of  Nicotine;  A  Cholera  SpeoiSc;  Profes- 
sional Athletes;  A  New  Use  for  meebricitv,  235. 

ELECTRICITY.— Storage  Batteries;  Electricity  and 
Mechanism;  Electrical  Trans [uiseion;  Storage  Batteries 
for  Street  Cars,  235. 

USEFUL  INFORMATION.— The  Nickel  in  the 
Metrio  System;  Europe's  Future  Industrial  Center; 
Natural  Gas  Investments;  A  Sea  Shore  VVithin  Doors: 
Cheap  Money  East;  Ink  Stains  on  Silver;  Varnishing 
New  Copper  Work;  German  -ausages,  23'^. 

THm  BUILDER.— Resonance  o(  BuilUings;  Slate  an 
Unsafe  Rooting;  A  Chiniaey  tbat  Will  Draw;  A  New 
Building  System,  235. 

MINING  STOCK  MARKET.— Sales  at  the  San 
Francisco  Stuok  Board,  Notices  of  Meetings,  Asaess- 
mentn.  Dividends,  and  Bullion  Shipmenta,  242- 

MARKET  REPORTS.- Local  Markets,  Eastern 
Metal  Market3,"242. 


Business  Announcements. 

[NBW  THIS  ISSUE.] 

Locomotive  Engines — Burnham,  Parry,  Williams  &  00., 

Philadelphia,  Pa. 
Assessment  Notice — Acme  Mill  and  Mining  Co. 
Dividend  Notice — Pacific  Borax,  S»lt  &  Soda  Co. 
Mining  Engineers — Berwick,  Moreing  &  Hooper. 

0^See  AdvertisiTig  Columns. 


Passing  Events. 

There  is  very  little  ohange  in  the  sitaation  of 
affairs  at  the  fouadriea.  The  molders  are 
Btill  out  on  atrike,  and  work  is  still  going  oat 
of  the  oity  to  be  done  elsewhere.  The  foundry- 
men  are  getting  on  the  best  way  they  oan  with 
such  hands  as  they  are  able  to  get.  Only  one 
foundry  has  its  quota  of  molderSj  and  this  one 
IB  doing  the  casting  for  those  other  shops  which 
are  running. 

The  developments  in  quartz  in  Lower 
California  are  encouraging  to  the  owners^  for 
they  find  that  these  ledges  *' go  down."  At  a 
depth  of  350  feet  the  veins  are  found  to  be  of 
good  size  and  still  rich. 

More  or  leas  coal  from  Japan  is  coming  now 
to  this  market,  and  arrangements  are  being 
made  to  put  suitable  plants  in  the  mines  of 
that  country,  so  that  coal  shipments  maybe 
largely  increased. 

The  men  at  the  granite  quarries  at  Kooklin, 
Placer  Co.,  have  gone  on  a  strike,  objecting  to 
work  more  than  nine  hours. 

The  destruction  by  fire  of  the  Cusihuirlchio 
reduction  works,  75  miles  from  Chihuahua, 
Mexico,  involves  a  serious  loss.  These  works 
have  been  using  the  leaching  prooess.  They 
were  built  by  a  New  York  company. 


Revival  of  Mining  Share  Speculation. 

After  a  depression  of  about  one  year,  when 
the  shares  of  the  Mexican  and  Union  Mining 
Companies  advanced  from  $3  and  $2  to  $S  50 
and  $7.25  respectively,  the  mining  share  market 
is  again  on  the  up  move,  with,  this  time,  Fotosi 
and  ChoUar  stocks  in  the  lead.  The  Mining 
AND  Scientific  Press,  from  time  to  time,  has 
called  attention  to  the  importance  of  the  work 
going  on,  not  only  on  those  two  mines,  but  to 
several  others  where  further  explorative  work 
to  the  west  would  be  rewarded  by  finding  what 
is  called  the  west  ledge  or  Rsd  lode.  Of  course 
it  remains  to  be  seen  how  rioh  in  mineral  and 
large  it  will  prove,  bat  one  fact,  which  is  al- 
ready witnessed  by  the  activity  of  Ohollar  and 
Potosi  shares,  is  apparent,  and  that  is  it  will 
revive  speculation  in  the  Comatock  mining  share 
market,  which  invariably  brings  into  more 
prominence  the  mining  industry  of  the  coast. 

That  the  present  movement  is  based  on 
merit,  appears  probable,  yet  outside  specu- 
lators may,  as  has  heretofore  been  the  case, 
rush  in  to  buy  the  stock  regardless  of  what  it 
costs,  under  the  impreteion  that  there  is  a 
bonanza  in  sight.  While  all  present  informa- 
tion warrants  the  assertion  that  the  Red  lode, 
which  is  mostly  gold-bearing,  is  very  rich,  yet 
the  paying  ore  is  not  very  wide;  but  it  has  a 
sufficient  width  to  admit  of  dividends  being 
paid  by  the  mines  that  are  run  honestly. 

In  referring  to  the  present  sitaation,  which 
is  confirmatory  of  former  statements  made  by 
the  Mining  and  Scientific  Press,  the  Virginia 
Entsrprise  of  March  30th  says: 

In  the  Ohollar  mine  the  chances  are  very 
favorable  that  they  will  strike  the  contiaaation 
of  the  Hale  &  Noroross  ore  body,  foand  on  the 
700  level,  in  the  Ohollar  croasouts  on  the  750 
level  toward  the  north  end  of  their  claim.  If 
it  is  foand  there,  the  fact  will  be  established 
that  there  are  millions  of  dollars  yet  to  be  ex- 
tracted  from  that  ore  body,  which  has  already 
panned  oat  $1,650,000. 

In  the  Con.  Oal,  &  Va,  a  strong  force  of  miners 
has  been  placed  at  work  on  the  1300  level  on 
the  continuation  of  the  ore  found  bv  W.  H. 
Patton  in  1886-7  on  the  1500  level.  No  work 
has  ever  been  done  on  the  SOO  level  of  the  Con, 
Cal.  &  Va.  excepting  one  crosscut  to  the  west, 
which  was  too  far  to  the  north  to  intercept  the 
continuation  of  any  ore  body  yet  found  in  the 
mine,  oonaidering  their  dip  and  inclination,  and 
it  is  in  the  power  of  no  man  to  say  that  as  much 
ore  and  aa  much  money  cannot  be  taken  out  of 
that  level  as  has  been  extracted  from  any  other 
level  in  that  mine. 

The  Segregated  Belcher  mine  has  1000  feet 
in  depth  of  virgin  ground  to  explore,  with  good 
prospects  of  fiading  aa  extenaive  bodlea  of  ore 
as  were  revealed  in  either  Orown  Point  or 
Belcher,  as  their  work  is  in  most  intereating 
ground. 

Overman  haa  a  most  promising  body  of  pay 
ore  on  the  1200  level,  well  up  to  the  north,  ad- 
joining Segregated  Belcher,  upon  which  very 
little  prospecting  has  been  don6,the  management 
confining  their  work  merely  to  the  extraction 
of  the  ore  as  it  is  needed  for  the  mill.  It  ia 
calculated  that  this  ore  extends  into  the  Segre- 
gated Belcher,  and  that  it  is  second  in  impor- 
tance to  but  few  ore  bodies  now  being  worked 
on  the  Comatock. 

No  ledge  of  quartz  looking  as  the  Potosi  vein 
from  the  930  level  upward  does,  and  carrying 
the  precious  metals  as  it  does,  has  ever  been 
found  on  the  Oomatock  from  which  millions  of 
dollars  have  not  been  taken.  The  Hardy  vein 
in  the  Ophlr,  struck  in  the  early  '80'a,  was 
probably  the  smallest  vein  found  on  the  lode,  it 
being  only  about  10  feet  in  width,  panned  out 
about  §4,000,000,  and  $1,500,000  waa  paid  in 
dividends  out  of  it.  The  Hale  &  Noroross  last 
ore  find,  made  after  experts  and  practical  min- 
ers pronounced  the  mine  worked  out,  has 
already  produced  over  a  million  and  a  half  of 
money,  and  it  ia  but  partly  developed  as  yet. 


Reporting  on  Mikes,— Messrs.  Bewick  & 
Moreing,  mining  engineers  of  Suffolk  House, 
Laurence,  Poantney  Hill,  London,  have  taken 
into  partnership  Mr.  Edward  Hooper,  C.  and 
M,  E.,  who  has  been  in  charge  of  active  mining 
operations  in  Nevada  for  a  few  years  past.  Mr. 
Hooper  is  a  former  pupil  of  one  of  the  firm 
and  has  had  several  years'  practical  experience 
in  managing  and  reporting  on  gold  and  silver 
mines  in  this  country;  he  haa  also  been  a 
student  at  Freiberg  University.  He  will  reside 
in  San  Francisco,  and  it  is  believed  this  ar- 
rangement will  be  very  advantageous  for  com- 
panies and  individuals  in  England  who  require 
reports  on  mines  on  the  Pacific  Coast  and  Mex* 
ioo,  saving  the  cost  and  loss  of  time  entailed  by 
sending  an  engineer  specially  from  England. 

The  Horn  Silver  mine,  Utah,  has  struck  a 
low  grade  of  ore  that  bothers  greatly  to  handle 
because  of  the  high  percentage  of  zinc  and  sul- 
phur* 


The  Low  Tariff  on  Lead. 

Representatives  of  the  smelting  interests 
have  appeared  before  the  Congressional  Com- 
mittee and  tried  to  make  It  appear  that  the 
lead-mining  industries  will  be  better  subserved 
by  lowering  the  proposed  rate  of  duty  of  1^ 
cents  per  pound  on  foreign  lead,  or  of  a  free 
admission  of  lead  in  ores.  .This  ia  all  very  well 
if  it  is  intended  to  enrich  a  few  people  in  a  few 
localities,  bat  if  the  mass  of  the  people  is  to 
be  considered  the  abolition  or  lowering  of  the 
daty  would  work  great  harm.  North  and 
west  of  the  Rocky  mountains  investments  in 
property  valaed  at  millions  would  be  practi- 
cally wiped  oat  by  free  lead  ores. 

The  smelting  men  asaert  that  they  must  have 
Mexican  lead  ores,  becanse  the  United  States 
cannot  produce  a  sufficient  amount  of  wet  ores 
or  fluxing  ores  wherewith  to  smelt  the  dry 
ores,  and  that  it  Is  necessary  to  enter  the  Mex- 
ican market  to  procure  the  necessary  fiuxing 
ores  to  continue  smelting  operations  in  this 
country.  This  is  all  nonsense.  The  lead  mines 
of  Utah,  Montana,  Idaho,  Colorado  and  Nevada 
oan  furnish  all  the  lead'Silver  ore  necessary  for 
fiuxing  purposes.  In  truth,  the  lead-mining  in< 
teresta  of  this  country  are  being  vigorously  as' 
sailed  by  those  corporations  which  want 
cheaper  lead  ores.  It  ia  neceasary  for  the  lead 
miners  to  atand  together  in  this  emergency  and 
combat  the  misstatements  with  the  facts.  The 
mining  men  of  Utah  and  Montana  have  aasoci- 
ations  which  are  moving  in  the  matter,  but 
they  have  a  hard  fight  to  make,  as  the  Kansas 
smelting  men  are  doing  their  best  to  win, 

Stewart's  Mining  Bill. 

In  this  number  of  the  Press  we  conclude  a 
well-written  and  comprehensive  review  of  the 
proposed  mining  law  introduced  in  Congress  by 
Senator  Stewart.  Our  correapondent  calls 
forcible  attention  to  the  defects  of  the  proposed 
measure  and  the  probable  results  of  the  en- 
actment of  such  a  law.  The  writer  is  a  bona- 
fide  prospector  and  miner  with  practical  ex- 
perience in  the  workings  of  the  present  laws, 
and  is'one  who  has  given  considerable  attention 
to  this  subject  generally. 

It  is  to  be  regretted  that,  after  Senator 
Stewart  asked  for  suggestions  from  practical 
miners,  he  adopted  none  of  them  at  all,  but  in- 
troduces his  bill  ancbanged  after  defects  have 
been  pointed  out.  As  that  gentleman  ia  sup- 
posed by  his  colleaguea  to  thoroughly  under- 
flband  the  wants  of  the  miners,  he  has  great  in- 
fiaenoe.  This  being  the  case,  he  should  have 
been  careful  to  consider  the  proposed  law  in  all 
its  bearings  and  paid  some  heed  to  the  practical 
anggeations  made  to  him. 

It  is  probable  that  the  clauses  which  affect 
the  drift  mining  interests  of  California  will  be 
modified  since  the  attention  of  other  Senators 
and  Representatives  has  been  called  to  the 
matter.  Aa  introduced,  the  bill  is  a  serious 
menace  to  these  special  interests,  as  has  been 
pointed  out  in  the  Press.  With  reference  to 
the  quartz  industry,  our  correspondent  pretty 
thoroughly  ventilates  the  bad  features  of  the 
law.  The  letters  in  the  Press  of  this  and  last 
week  should  be  oarefuUy  read  by  miners,  and 
they  should  exert  what  infiuence  they  can  to 
bring  to  Senator  Stewart's  attention  the  defects 
in  his  proposed  measure. 

The  Molders'  Strike. — There  have  been  no 
important  developments  this  week  in  connec- 
tion with  the  molders*  strike.  The  foundry 
proprietors  are  confident  of  altimate  snooeas. 
A  few  non- Union  moldera  are  added  from  time 
to  time  to  those  already  at  work  in  the  foun- 
dries. Orders  for  caatinga  have  been  sent  East, 
which  work  would  ordinarily  be  done  here, 
The  Risdon  Works  have  the  largest  number  of 
molders  at  work  and  are  supplying  other  shops, 
but  the  manufacturers  state  they  will  soon 
have  men  for  all,  without  taking  any  belonging 
to  the  local  Union. 


Mechanics'  Fair.  —  The  Mechanics'  Fair 
agent  reports  that  owing  to  the  strike  among 
the  iron-molders,  the  manufacturers  would 
make  no  definite  promises  regarding  exhibi- 
tions, but  said  that  they  would  make  as  good  a 
showing  as  possible.  Applications  for  space 
for  exhibits  in  other  departments  are  coming  in 
fast,  and  a  succesafnl  exposition  ia  assured. 

A  NUMBER  of  prospectors  have  been  forcibly 
ejected  from  the  Navajo  Reservation  by  the 
Indians  and  the  United  States  troops. 


A  New  Centrifugal  Quartz-Mill. 

[Concluded  from  page  239. ) 
era  so  aa  to  tarn  upon  their  shafts.  The  faoes  of 
these  rollers  and  their  shoes  stand  parallel  with 
the  inner  faces  of  the  ring-die,  so  that  when  they 
are  driven  around  by  the  movement  of  the  carrier 
they  will  roll  against  the  die.  The  sides  trav- 
eling in  the  radial  guides,  allow  the  rollers  to 
move  to  and  from  the  center,  and  thus  accom- 
modate themselves  to  the  oharaoter  and  quan- 
tity of  the  material  whioh  may  lie  between 
them  and  the  die,  where  the  grinding  of  the 
ore  takes  place.  The  constrnotion  of  the  ma- 
chine ia  such  that  the  bottoms  of  the  rollers 
are  kept  out  of  contact  with  the  surface  be- 
neath. The  rollers  are  also  prevented  from 
being  forced  upward  on  the  shafts  by  their 
movement  in  traveling  around  in  contact  with 
the  die. 

From  the  lower  part  of  the  central  tank  or 
reservoir  (which  is  supplied  with  water  by  a 
hose),  Inclined  tubes  extend  outwardly  toward 
the  upper  end  of  each  of  the  roller  shafts.  ^ 
These  shafts  are  made  hollow  and  the 
tubea  have  their  outer  ends  bent  so  as  to  enter 
the  hollow  shafts.  The  water  thus  passes 
below  the  slides  and  serves  to  wash  out  any 
grit  or  dirt  and  to  aot  as  a  lubricant.  Other 
passages  extend  down  from  the  tank  so  the 
water  can  get  down  aronnd  the  shaft-oasing 
and  beneath  the  bottom  of  the  carrier  between 
it  and  the  inclined,  bottom  of  the  pan,  and 
flowing  constantly  outward  prevents  any  ac- 
cumulation of  material  which  might  cause  undue 
friction. 

A  aeries  of  inclined  plates  fixed  to  the  outer 
edges  of  the  carrier  travel  along  the  bottom  of 
the  pan  between  the  rollers,  constantly  lifting 
the  pulp  or  ore  into  position  to  be  ground  be- 
tween rollers  and  die. 

By  placing  the  roller  at  an  incline,  the  cen- 
trifugal force  caused  by  the  rotation  of  the  car- 
rier throws  them  outwardly  against  the  die, 
and  by  reason  of  the  inclination  at  whioh  they 
stand,  they  are  held  more  firmly  in  oontact 
with  the  die  by  a  certain  amount  of  gravita- 
tion due  to  their  inclined  position,  and  the 
tendency  to  remain  in  oontact  with  the  die  pre- 
vents their  being  thrown  inwardly  and  forced 
away  from  the  die,  whenever  any  material 
which  is  larger  or  harder  than  usoal  comes  be- 
tween them  and  the  die.  The  crushing  ia  thus 
steadily  carried  on,  and  there  is  no  tendency  of 
the  rollers  to  bounce  away  from  the  die  aa  they 
travel  over  it.  The  machine  is  low  and  com- 
pact and  easily  separated  into  comparatively 
small  portions  for  shipment. 

Both  weight  of  rolls  and  centrifagal  force 
combine  to  crush  the  ore.  The  parts  of  the 
mill  are  easily  accessible,  and  it  ii  readily 
cleaned  up.  The  large  screen  surface  gives  a 
free  discharge. 

In  addition  to  the  plates  below  the  mill  there 
ia  a  "slammer  "  or  concentrator,  shown  in  the 
cut.  This  is  so  arranged  that  by  means  of 
gates  more  or  less  of  the  gangue  oan  be  drawn 
off,  leaving  less  work  for  the  concentrators  after- 
ward and  thus  requiring  less  concentrating  ma- 
chines. This  '*slummer"  vibrates  rapidly,  power 
being  derived  from  the  same  source  that  drives 
the  mill  proper.  At  the  head  of  the  slummer 
the  ore  drops  Into  a  receptacle,  filled  with  mer- 
cury. This  is  as  long  aa  the  tray,  eight  inches 
wide  and  half  an  inch  deep.  Any  amalgam  Is 
caught  and  held  by  this  quicksilver. 

One  of  these  mills  weighs  about  five  tons  and 
coats  $1500.  The  slammer  and  ore-feeder 
cost  $300  more,  or  $1800  in  all  ready  for  the  belt. 
Mr.  Hinkle  says  that  a  five-foot  mill  will  crush 
from  15  to  20  tons  of  hard  ore  per  day  or  25  to 
40  tons  of  soft  ore  through  a  40-meBb  screen. 
H,  P.  Grregory  &  Co.  are  the  agents  for  this 
coast.  This  mill  is  very  useful  in  testing  or 
prospecting  mines,  since,  in  case  of  necessity, 
it  is  easily  moved  to  a  new  location,  whioh  is 
not  the  case  with  a  stamp-mill. 


The  Mining  Bureau  Work.— At  the  meet- 
ing of  the  directors  of  the  State  Mining  Bureau 
on  Monday,  State  Mineralogist's  Irelan's  ap- 
pointments of  Messrs.  Miner,  McGregor,  An- 
gel, Uoldalone  and  Hobaon,  as  field  deputies  to 
farther  the  work  of  making  a  geological  survey 
of  the  State,  were  confirmed.  There  are  now 
nine  deputies  at  work  on  the  survey,  for  which 
the  laet  Legislature  appropriated  $35,000. 

It  is  stated  that  a  30  foot  vein  pf  good  ooal 
has  been  opened  16  miles  from  The  Dalles,  Or- 
egon, and  a  company  has  been  formed  to  work  it, 


ApRa  5,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


237 


The  Deep   Gold  Placers  of  California. 

{Concluded  from  page  SSI.) 

gration  of  the  cryaiallme  rocks.  This  is  a  v«rv  in- 
It-resting  dijcovery.  The  riocsi' pariicks  in  ihe 
slickens  that  tloal  to  Sacramenlo.  and  which  do  not 
settle  in  still  water  for  hours,  are  each  a  sharp 
angular  fraenienl  of  quart*:,  a  fltke  of  mii^a.  or  a  bit 
o(  slate,  and  restmble  in  every  particular,  except 
size,  the  co-irser  parts.  The  waters  of  the  Rhone 
enter  the  Lake  of  Geneva  railky  and  opalescent;  the 
sanic  water  flowing  from  the  lower  end  is  as  pure  ns 
crystal.  Here  is  an  example  ol  natural  slicki-ns 
ground  from  the  surface  of  ice-covered  recks,  which 
are  dissected  by  the  keen  tooth  of  the  sluggish  but 
ever-working  glacier.     .     .     .'' 

•'  I'rof.  loseph  LeConie,  in  a  paper  read  bofoT« 
the  National  Academy  of  Science*^,  Oct.  20,  1879. 
mentions  sub-angular  fragments  in  the  auriferous 
gravels,  and  their  resemblance  to  true  till  or  ground 
moraine.  II  he  had  examined  th**  finer  particles 
microscopically,  he  would  have  found  the  resem- 
blance still  more  markrd. 

■•  It  cannot  be  said  ihii  these  sands  result  from 
the  disintegration  of  sedimentary  rocks,  for  if  this 
were  the  case  the  grains  of  quiriz  would  not  bi^  so 
universally  angular.  Some  of  the  larger  ptbblfs  are 
secondary,  but  in  the  finer  parts  nearly  all  traces  of 
the.se  rocks  are  loii.  An  occasional  flike  of  mica 
on'y  remains  to  shew  that  crystalline  rocks  yie!dr;d 
to  the  comminution  which  produci  d  the  fine  sand  — 
if  it  is  proper  10  call  It  sand -we  see  lying  on  the 
glas4  slide  under  ihe  niicroscipp.  The  •.'>![  recks 
seem  to  have  offered  but  hiight  lesistance  lu  the  un- 
known forces,  and  being  crushed  lo  an  impilpable 
mud,  have  been  washed  away  centuries  ag  ).  The 
zircons  and  supposed  diamonds,  bring  much  harder, 
resisted  the  crushing  power  which  reduced  the 
gianites  and  other  crystalline  rocks  to  an  uneven 
powder.'' 

Fol.  105:  .  .  .  "That  the  channels  wire 
tilled  by  the  rivers  themselves  seems  lo  be  clear'y 
disproved  by  the  fact  that  gold  is  dislributtd 
throughout  the  whole  mass,  from  bedrock  to  sur- 
face, by  the  ^harp  angular  sands,  and  by  ihe  coated 
gold.  Water  must  have  flowed  in  the  ancient 
rivers  comparatively  free  from  obstruction  for  a  long 
p.-riod  before  the  deposition  of  the  gravels  to  admit 


Fig.  1    -  DEAL    VIEW    OF    AN    ANCIENT    LAKE.-See  page 'J3L 


tliologibta  generally  believe  that  there  were, 
or  may  have  been,  nnmeronB  ice  periods  in  sua* 
cesiion,  and  while  Prof.  Whitney  is  pro.bib'y 
oon  eot  ae  regards  the  most  recent  one,  I  oao 
not  sccount  for  the  known  conditions  of  the 
auriferous  gravels  of  Cilifornia  by  any  bypotbe- 
eis  other  than  a  glacial  one. 

If  bowlders  were  formed  by  river  action,  as 
believed  by  many  writers,  they  would  be  only 


aays  the  rivers  extended  many  hundred  miles 
beyond),  would  attain  an  altitude  of  21,500 
feet.  At  Port  wine,  in  Sierra  connty,  some 
channels  have  a  grade  of  200  feet  to  the  mile. 
Such  a  river  oommenciDg  at  that  point  and  ex* 
tending  500  miles  at  the  same  inclination, 
would  bead  at  an  altitude  of  105.000  feet  above 
sea  level.  It  would  be  vain  to  obJ3ct  that 
geologioal   chaogea   may  hava  made  the  grade 


Wright  (  'The  Ice  Aae  in  North  Amerioa  ')• 
have  a  grade  of  150  to  250  feet  to  the  mile. 

The  toltowing  extracts  from  Prof.  Whitney  b 
great  work  ("The  Auriferous  Gravels  of  the 
Sierra  Nevada  of  California"),  do  not  seem  to 
be  in  accordance  %tich  the  pro-river  theory. 
Other  quotationa  might  be  made. 

Fol.  102:  Kiiferring  to  the  nature  of  the 
gravels  in  the  Mnletown  hills,  he  writes:  "None 
of  the  gravel  is  thoroughly  water-worn;  it  con- 
sists chiefly  of  small,  angular  fragments  of 
quartz.  In  the  soft  bedrook  underlying  this 
gravel,  jast  such  quartz  occurs  in  little  crushed 
seams." 

Fol.  106,  at  the  New  Jersey  placer  claim. 
Placer  county:  '*If  the  slope  on  the  north- 
west side  is  as  long  and  as  gentle  aa  that  on  the 
southeast,  the  channel  must  be  not  less  than 
3000  feet  wide,  and  it  is  possible  that  it  is  oon- 
siderably  more."  *  *  *  **  From  all  that  could 
be  gathered  at  the  New  Jersey  mine,  It  ap- 
peared that  the  inner  slope  of  the  southeastern 
rim  of  the  back  channel  has  been  prospected  for 
a  distance  of  1900  feet,  ao  that  the  probable 
width  of  the  channel  is  4000  feet,  while  it  may 
be  more  than  a  mile." 

Fol.  lOS;  *'  This  channel  at  Coon  Hollow 
{near  Piaceivllle)  seema  to  be  very  wide,  ex- 
oeeditjg  2000  feet;  above  this  it  is  said  to  be 
still  wider." 

Fol.  109:  *' Mameluke  hill,  near  Georgetown, 
is  said  to  cover  a  basin  in  the  bedrook,  the  rim 
on  all  sides  beiog  higher  than  the  central  por- 
tion capped  with  volcanic  cement.  The  gold 
is  smooth-washed,  coarse  and  heavy." 


Fie.  2.-THE  LAKE  BED  COVERED  BY  EARTHY  ERUPTIVE  MATTER. 


of  the    deep    pot-holes    being    worn   in .  the  hard 
rocks."' 

The  following  is  a  summing  up  of  the  argu- 
ments advanced  to  disprove  the  ancient-river 
theory  : 

If  the  rivers  were  extensive  acd  powerfu 
enough  to  round  the  large  quartz  bowlders, 
and  convey  them  sq  far  as  claimed,  the  force  of 
the  current  would  have  ground  animal  and 
vegetable  remains  to  a  powder,  and  in  this 
manner  would  have  wholly  obliterated  them. 
The  same  river  at  the  same  time  could  not  have 
deposited  the  pipe-clay,  filled  as  it  is  with  per- 
fect leaves  as  described  by  Dr.  Trask.  No  ob- 
servant person  can  stand  in  the  uncovered 
channel  of  a  hydraulic  mine,  or  at  the  breast  of 
a  California  drift  mine,  and  .believe  that  this 
vast  labor  was  that  of  a  river. 

If  the  work  of  rivers,  all  the  bowlders  brought 
down  could  not  be  quartz,  for  no  river  could 
flow  through  a  country  all  the  rocks  of  which 
were  quartz,  or  discriminate  and  select,  from  the 
great  multitude  of  known  rocks,  quartz  frag- 
ments only  and  reject  all  others,  nor  could  any 
river  1000  feet  wide  or  more  convey  large  bowl- 
ders or  move  coarse  gold.  A  river  so  wide 
must  have  flowed  through  a  plain  level  or 
nearly  so,  and  could  not  have  had  the  extreme 
grade  claimed. 

The  condition  of  the  clay  and  fine  silt  as  re- 
vealed by  the  microscope  is  to  me,  at  least, 
positive  proof  that  the  auriferous  gravels  are 
not  fluviatile. 

If  the  work  of  rivers,  the  ferruginous  silty 
deposit  called  *'brick-bflt"  by  the  Georgia  gold 
miners  and  found  at  the  Edman  mine,  Plumas 
county,  and  elsewhere  in  the  deep  placer  region, 
would  not  cover  so  wide  an  area. 

The  same  river  that  conveyed  and  deposited 
the  bowlders  20  tons  in  weight,  could  not  have 
subsequently  filled  the  interstioea  with  the 
finest  of  silt  as  described  by  Dr.  Trask,  Prof. 
Blake,  and  other  writers,  which  did  not  ™ar 
the  perfection  of  the  most  fragile  imbedded 
leaves. 


in  the  beds  of  streams,  while  in  fact  they  are 
found  by  drift  miners  in  the  banks,  far  above 
the  bedrocks. 

According  to  Prof.  Whitney  (''Auriferous 
Gravels  of  the  Sierra  Nevada,"  fol.  235),  fossil 
leaves  found  in  the  pipeclay  differ  entirely 
from  those  now  growing  in  that  region. 

The  grade  assumed  by  Mr.  Hittell  (33  feet  to 
the  mile),  commencing  at  an  altitude  of  5000 
feet  and  continuing  for  500  miles  (Mr.  Hittell 


seem  greater  than  it  was,  for  without  a  heavy 
grade  all  river  arguments  fall  to  the  ground, 
nor  can  it  be  maintained  thai;  a  river,  dead  or 
otherwise,  four  miles  wide  as  claimed  by  Dr. 
Trask,  could  transport  the  immense  bowlders 
described  and  place  them  as  stated.  It  is  well 
known  that  modern  sub  glacial  streams  have 
generally  a  similar  grade,  yet  they  are  all  local 
and  owe  their  birth  to  the  melting  ice.  Those 
of  the   great  Muir  glacier,  described  by  Prof. 


Infringement  of  a  Patent, — Peter  H.  Jack- 
son has  brought  a  suit  in  the  United  States 
Circuit  Court  ngainst  Gaorge  D.  Nagle  for  in- 
fringing on  a  patent  for  illuminating  basements. 
Jackson  says  that  he  la  the  inventor  of  a  cer- 
tain method  of  inserting  heavy  pieces  of  glass 
in  iron  in  sidewalks  in  such  a  manner  as  to  ad- 
mit light  below  and  not  interfere  with  pedestri- 
ans, and  that  Nagle  is  infringing  on  his  patent. 
Jackson  asks  that  he  be  enjoined  and  made  to 
account  for  all  profits  on  the  sales  he  has  made. 


F.  E.  Chappelet  has  been  appointed  presi- 
dent of  the  Mayflower  Gravel  Mining  Company 
in  place  of  Henry  Birroilhet,  resigned.  The 
Bink  of  California  has  also  been  appointed 
treasurer  of  the  company  instead  of  Belloo 
Freres. 


Fig.  3.— RESULT 


GEOLOGICAL 


PRODUCING    PRESENT    CONDITIONS 


238 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[April  5    1890 


Tlie  Astronomical  Society. 

The  annual  meeting  of  the  Astronomioal 
Sooiety  of  the  Pacific  was  held  on  Saturday 
evening  last.  Prof.  E  S.  Holden  presided.  Aa 
the  retiring  president  he  submitted  a  report  on 
the  work  done  at  the  Mt.  Himilton  Obaerv. 
atory.  He  said  that  there  were  not  sufficient 
aooommodationa  at  the  observatory  for  the 
soientiatB  stationed  there,  and  compUined  that 
during  the  wintor  they  were  put  to  t xtremities 
to  keep  warm. 

Prof.  Sshaeberle  of  the  Lick  Observatory 
eave  a  moat  interesting  account  of  his  trip  to 
South  America  to  view  the  total  solar  eclipse 
on  Deo.  21,  1S89.  He  told  about  the  ouatoms 
of  the  people  of  the  island  of  Cayenne,  and  views 
of  the  people  and  country  were  thrown  upon  a 
screen.  Photographic  views  of  the  eclipse  were 
also  shown. 

The    president    appointed  W.    M.    Pieraon, 

F.  H  Hautmann  and  J.  J.  Jones  a  committee 
to  inquire  into  the  proposition  of  establishing 
an  observatory  in  the  city,  as  auggested  by  one 
of  the  niembera. 

The  annual  election  for  directors  resulted  in 
the  choice  of  the  following  gentlemen:  B  S. 
Holden,  Frank  Soule,  J.  M.  Sohaeberle,  Chaa. 
Burokhslter,  William  M.  Pierson,  C.  B  Hill, 
J.  H  Wythe  snd  F.  R.  Ziel.  PublicatioL 
Committae— E   S,  Holden,  J.  B   Keeler  and  C 

G.  Yale  (of  the  Mining  and  Scientific 
Pkess).  Toe  direotora  elected  the  fallowing 
(ffijers:  President,  E.  S.  Holden;  vioe-presi- 
derits,  W.  M,  Pierson,  Frank  Soule  and  J.  H 
Wythe;  secretaries,  J.  M.  Schaeberle  and  Chas. 
Bttrckhalter;  treasurer,  E.  J.  Molena. 

The  following  new  members  were  elected  : 
H.  C.  Lion,  H:  M.  Hickox,  Mrs.  H.  A.  Hir 
land,  H.  T.  Baatoe  and  Harry  Darbrow  of  Sin 
Francisco;  George  Gleason  of  Berkeley,  A.  W 
Craig  of  Olkland,  Miss  M  E.  Chase  of  Sinta 
E)ea,  Mrs,  Harriet  Wright  of  Danver.  Ool.; 
Andrew  Greig  of  Tayport,  Scotland;  Herbert 
Ladler.  F.  R.  A.  S.,  of  London,  Eog.;  W.  H. 
Maw,  P.  E.  A.  S.,  of  London;  JohnXebbutt, 
F.  R.  A.  S.,  of  Windsor,  New  Sooth  \yales; 
Ewell  Davidson  of  Branscombe,  QiieeDsland; 
A.  Stanley  Williams,  P.  R  A.  S.,  oi  B  ighlon, 
England;  O.  A.  H.  Pihl  of  Chriatimi!.  Noi- 
woy;  and  Miss  Dorothea  Kluwke  of  Paris, 
France, 


fimw^'^  (Jotice^. 


ACME  M  LL  AND  MENING  COMPANY; 
location  Cf  principal  place  of  biniiiess,  San  brau- 
ciflco,  Cjliforuit.  Location  of  Woike,  Amador  bounty, 
Califoraia. 

Notice  is  hereby  given,  that  at  a  meelinc  of  the  Board 
o(  Directors,  held  en  the  20th  day  or  March,  1S90,  an 
assessment,  No.  10,  of  3  cents  per  ehare,  wa-.  Icvieil  upon 
the  Capital  Stock  of  the  Corporation,  payabl;  im- 
mediatelv  in  United  States  Gold  Coin  ti  the  Se  ^p^a^y. 
at  the  ofhce  of  the  <  ompanv,  Room  11,  No.  303  CalHor- 
m\  Street,  San  Francigco,  C  lifornia 

Any  stock  dpoa  which  thia  a  seasment  shall  remain 
unpaid  on  the  15th  day  of  May.  1S90,  will  be  del  in  que -it, 
and  advertised  /or  sale  at  pabl  c  auction;  and  unless 
naymeat  ia  made  before,  will  bs  sold  on  UOND.VV,  THE 
9th  U&Y  OP  JUNK,  1S90,  to  pay  the  deliLquent  assess- 
ment, together  with  the  costs  ot  adveicisiog  and  expenses 
of  Bale. 

Bv  order  of  the  Board  of  Directora. 

J.  M  -BUFFINQTO.V,  S-.fretarv. 
Office,  Room  11,  No.  303  California  Street,  S  .n  F.  anci'sco, 

California. 


BALDWIN     LOCOMOTIVE    WO^KS. 

ANNUAL  CAPACITY  800.        ESTABLISBED  1831.  ^ 


LOCOMOTIVE    ENGINES! 

Adapted  lo  everj-  variety  of  service,  and  built  accurately  in  atandard  gauges  and  templates.    Like  parts 
ofdifferent  enginesofsameclBSsperfecUy  inteicbangeaole.  ™„„h  Air  pioTitjitinn 

Broad  and  Narrow  Gaagel.ocomolive-,  Wine  Locomotives  by  Steam  or  Compreased  Air,  riantanon 
Locomotives,  Noiseless  Mo'ois  for  Street  Railways,  Furnace  Locomotives,  etc.  ___^.|.  -rj-TTT  A      TJ  A 

BURNHAM.  PARRY.  WILLIAMS  &  CO.,  Proprietors,  PHILADELFMIA,  J^A. 


IDI-V"IOE3SriD    3SrOTIOE. 


OFFICE  OF  THil  P  '  CIPIC  BOEAX,  SALT 
and  Soda  Company,  San  Francisco,  March  31,  1800. 
At  a  meeting  of  the  Board  of  Directors  of  the  abive- 
named  Company,  held  ihis  day,  a  Divideod  (No.  30)  of 
One  Dollar  (Sl.OO)  per  share  was  declared,  payable 
THURSDAY,  April  10, 1S90,  at  the  office  of  the  Company, 
No.  230  Montgomry  Street,  Rooms  11  and  12  Transfer 
Books  close  April  5,  1S90,  at  3  o'clock  p.  m. 

ALTON  H.  CLOUGH,  Secretary. 


Practical  Treatise  on   Hydraulic  Mining. 

Br  AUa.  J.  BOWIE,  Jr. 

This  new  and  important  book  is  on  the  use  an-^  con- 
Btruction  of  Ditches,  Flumes,  Dams,  Pipes,  Flow  of  Water 
on  Heavy  Grades,  methods  of  mining  shallow  and  deep 
placers,  history  and  development  of  mines,  records  of 
gold  washing,  mechanical  appliances,  such  as  nozzles, 
hurdy-gurdys,  rockers, undercurrents,  etc.;  also  desciibaa 
methoM  of  blasting;  tunnels  and  sluices;  t-ailin^is  and 
dump;  duty  of  miners'  inch,  etc.  A  very  practical  work 
for  gold  miners  and  users  of  water.  Price,  85,  postpaid 
For  sale  by  Drwry  St  Co.,  Publishers,  290  Market  St.,  Sao 
Prttnoioco. 


Bewick,  Moretng  &  Hooper, 

MINING  ENGINEER'S, 

508  California  Street,  San  Pranclaoo,  CaL 

Suffolk  House,  Laurence,  Ponutnev  Hill, 

J  ONKON,  *■.  C. 

Leake's  Baildiiigs,  Johaiiuesburg, 

SOUTH  AtEICA. 

Report  on  mlneB  and  UDdei-take  management  of  mining 

properties. 


THE  RUSSELL  PROCESS  COMPY. 

TALCOTT  H.  RUSSELL,  Secretary, 
NEW  HAVEN  CONN. 

.      p.  O.  Box  496. 


AMIDDLE-AGFD  M4.N  BY  THE  NAME  OF  JOSEPH 
MeLEARN,  Miner,  left  Nova  Scotia  17  years  af,;o  for 
California.  His  friends  would  be  thankful  to  any  person 
who  could  give  any  information  conceruiny  his  where- 
abouts. 

THOROUaHLY  COMPETENT  MILLMAN  AND 
Aseayer  of  20  years'  experience  in  putting'  up  and 
running  Gold  and  silver  Mills  and  Concentration  Works 
iesires  a  situation  in  Mill  or  to  take  charge  of  Mill  and 
dne.     Best  References.    .A.  H.,  Box  2517,  San  Francisco. 


RUBBER  FACTORY 


Monarch   Belting. 

The  Plies  ol  thia  Belt  are 

UNITED  by  COTTON  RIVETS 

Which  hold  them  flrmly  together. 

Each  Rivet  is  Independent 

And  Follows  the  Stretch. 

THERE  ARE  ,N0    STITCHES 

TO  BREAK  .'fflP'J 

The    Belt    has '  a    SiTiootl- 
Surface.  -»^ 


Hose,  Belting,  Packing,  Etc. 

ALL  KINDS  OF  RUBBER  GOODS  MADE  TO  ORDER  IN  A  FEW  HOURS. 

W   F.  BOWERS  &  CO..  409  Market  St..  San  Francisco. 


FRISBEE-LUCOP  MILL  CO., 

MANUPACTUEERS    OF 

Centrifugal  Roller  Steel  Mills, 

FOR  PULVERIZING  ORES,  WET  OR  DRY, 

For  Amalgamation  or  Concentration,  and  f  jr  Manufacture  of  Cement,  Fertilizers,  Paint, 
and  all  other  purposes  for  whic^  grinding  or  pulverizing  is  required. 

Send  for  Catal  f,'ue  ai.d  Pfico  List  to 

FRISBEE-LUCOP    MILL    CO.. 

145    BROADWAY,    NEW    YORK. 


IMPROVED  FORM  OF  HYDRAULIC  GIANTS. 


THE  ABOVE  COT  ILLUSTRATES  THE  IMPROVED  FOROI  OF  DOUBLE- JOINTED  HY- 
DRAULIC GIANTS  which  we  maDufafture.  We  guarantee  purchasers  of  this  form  of  Giants  against  all 
costs,  expenses  or  damages  which  may  arise  from  any  ariverse  suits  or  actions  at  law.  We  are  further  iirepared  to 
furnish  SiDg;le- Jointed  Giants  when  required.  Prices,  discounts  and  Cataloj^ues  of  cur  specialties  of  hy 
draulic  Mining  Machinery  sent  on  application. 

JOSHUA  HENDY  MACHINE  WORKS.  39  to  51  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco. 


SAN  FRANCISCO  TOOL  CO,, 

MANUPAOTURERS    OF 

IRRIGATING  PUMPS 

AND 

Machinery  of  all  Kinds. 

PACIFIC  COAST  AGENTS 

BABOOOK    &    WILOOX 

Patent  Water  Tube  Steam  Boilers. 

Estimates  Furnislied  on  Application. 


'Send  for  Catalogues. 


CENTRIFUGAL     PUMP. 


FIRST  and  STEVENSON  STS.,  S.  F. 


Dewey  &  Co.'s  Scientific  Press 
Patent  Agency. 


O0K  U.  S.  AND  Foreign  Patent  Agency 
■St/jssnts  many  and  important  advantages  as  a 
Home  Agency  over  all  othera,  by  reason  of  lon^ 
„gtabli2h,iient,  great  experience,  thorough  sys- 
tem, intimatt^  acquaintance  with  the  cubjectB  of 

inventions  in  W^'  ""^  T"""'  ^h.,?,  <Z 
most  extensive  law  .""d  reference  library,  con- 
taining official  AmericlY  t^^.  *7"'S°  ."Pfl'f- 
aiea  of  scientific  and  m^:s,''»'"'=»i  ri^VTS 

etc.     All  worthy  inventionb     ^^!^  T         i      t- 
our  Agency  will  have  the  beD.'^fi*  °^  !° '^Lwv 
tioD  or  a  description  in  the  MlzJpiNG  and  bciEN- 
TiFic    Press.     We    transact  eve.  "^V.  ^^'J^^J 
Patent  busineBB,  and  obtain  Patenta';^^  ^       mu' 
tries  which  grant  protection  to  '°''^d'^,  "^patents 
large   majority   of  U,  S.  and    Foreign,         have 
iRsued  to  inventore  on    the    Paci6c   Ooa-  ^ 
been  obtained  through   our   Agency.     \A^oi.     ^^ 
give  the  best  and  moE.t  reliable  advicf.  aa  ti^^  . 
patentability    of   new    inventions.     Our   p      .. 
are  aa  low   aa  any   first-clses   agencies   in       -^ 
Eastern  States,  while  onr  advantages  for  Pac.      j 
Coast  inventors  are  far  superior.     Advice    anwe- 
Circolars  free. 

DEWB?  &  CO.,  Patent  Agents, 

220  Market  St.,  Elevator,  12  Front  St.,  S.  F 
Telephone  No.  658. 

A.  T.  DEWEY.         W.   B.  EWER.        GEO.  H.  STRONG 


HORACE  D.  RANLETT, 

Ores,  Mining,  and  Commission, 

420  Montgomery  St.,  S.  F. 

Shlpj  under  advances  to  pmclting  works  in  I3oBtoD, 
New  York,  Baltimore  and  Liverpool. 

Twenty-one  years'  experience  in  Shipping  Ores  and 
Managing  Mines. 

Solicits  Consignments  of  Copper  Produce  and  Manage- 
ment of  Min'ng  Matters. 

All  business  conducted  on  Cash  Basis. 

I'urcliase  and  shipment  of  Mining  Supplies  A  Spkcialty. 

Sales  of  Developed  Copper  Mines  undertaken. 

Business  Manager  of  U.N  ION  COPPKR  MINK,  Copper- 
opolis,  Cal.;  NEWTON  COPPER  MINE,  Amador  Co.,  Cal. 


PRACTICAL 

Books  on  Mining 

AND  IRRIGATION. 

Descriptive  Catalogue  and  Circulars  cf  Books  relatio',^ 
to  Assaying,  Mining,  E'ectricity  and  Mechanical  Engineer- 
ing, scut  free  on  application. 

E.  &  F.  N.  SPON,  Publishers, 

12  Cortlandt  St.,  New  York, 


PauFs  Dry  Amalgamating  Barrel  Proceis. 

The  undersigned  is  prepared  to  erect,  or  furnish  drafts 
for  erecting,  ma'ihinery,  al&o  instructions  fnr  working 
or-^s  by  the  new  patented  DRY  AMALGAMATING 
BARREL  PROCESS.  I  asseit  the  ability  to  overcome 
EVERY  difficulty  connected  with  amalgamating  the 
rreeious  meta's,  more  capeoiaMy  gold,  and  to  add  fmm 
25  to  lOO  per  cent  to  the  FREE  GOLD  yield  of  any  mill 
working  WET.  Being  the  original  ioventor  of  dry  amal* 
gamation,  I  have  spent  over  20  years  (lerfeclirg  tiie  sys- 
tem, now  brought  to  a  wonderfully  cllicieiit,  inexpensive 
and  practical  one.  I  ciution  all  pn.  ties  against  iufrirge- 
meots.     For  further  particulars,  adHrets 

ALmARIN  B.  PAUL, 
Middle  Crtek.  P.  0.,  Shast*  County,  California. 


Smelter  For  Sale  or  Exchange. 

One  50-ton,  wrought  iron,  water-jacket  Smelting  Fur- 
nace (36"x60"  at  the  tuyeres)  of  the  latest  design,  wi  h 
Crusher,  El  wer.  Boiler,  Pumps,  Eogines,  Tools,  and 
everything  complete  for  immediate  delivery,  and  only 
used  about  six  months.  Cheap  for  cash,  or  will  excbange 
for  interest  in  a  Lead-Silver  Mine,  or  erect  iu  any  mining 
camp  that  will  guarantee  a  certain  output.  For  further 
particulars  address  Box  28,  Elkhorn,  Montana. 


April  5,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


239 


List  of  D.  S.  Patents  for  Pacific  Coast 
Inventors. 

Reported  by  Dewey  &  Co..  Pioneer  Patent 
Solicitors  for  PaclQo  Coast- 

kok  wekk  endint^  march  35,  189o. 

433.981.  —  Ticket  Holdkr  kik  Marking 
G<xii)i>— Samuel  Bauman,  Sanu  Ctut,  Cal. 

434,045.  —  Steam-Motor  ior  Pumps  —  H.  O. 
Beatly,  Sacramento,  Cal. 

434.364 —Fkki). Rod  tor  Ore  Stamp-Mii.ls  — 
J.  K.  Brett,  Oakland.  Cal. 

434  046.  — Baling  Press— Walter  Bullard,  Chico, 
Cal. 

434.269.— Street  Railway  Car-Tkuck  —  W. 
M.  Cary.  S.  V. 

433.990.  — Umiirella  Attachment— M.  Daiile- 
baum,  S.  F. 

434,385.— Car  Coupling— F.  A.  Fox,  S.  F. 

424  287.  -Chock  Block  for  Logging  Trucks 
— W.  11.  Garlock,  Seattle,  Wash. 

424.205.— Ax-Head  —  F.  L.  Hufford,  Areata, 
Cal. 

424,002.— Fruit-Grader  ~  D.  D.  Jones,  Santa 
Clara,  Cal. 

424.213.- Wind-Guard— Tohn  Keane,  S.  F. 

424,005.  — Ice  Machink    J.  C.  Kitton,  S.  F. 

423.935.- Water-Wheel— Chas.  LeDuc,  Cres- 
cent, Wash. 

424.125.— Cooler— A   McDowell.  Selma,  Cal. 

424,020.— Fen DKK  i-oR  Feed-Troughs— Hans 
Nisson,  Sacramfnio.  Cal. 

42:^,944.— Railway  Switch  —  Chas.  H.  Ohm, 
S.  F. 

424,348.— Brake  Shoe— N.  K.  Pearson,  S   F. 

424.025  — Machine  for  Sharpening  Tools-- 
A.  H.  Richardson,  S.  F. 

424, 133. —Can-Crimping  Machine— F.  A.  Rob- 
bios,  S.  F. 

424,145.— Dour-Hanger  Truck— H.  P.  Talbot, 
Porilind,  Or. 

424,388.— Rope  Clamp— J.  Weigel,  S.  F. 

,7709.— Trade  Mark— H.  W.  Mclntyre,  Vina, 
Cal. 

The  (ollowlQKbrlef  list  by  telegraph,  for  April  1,  will 
appear  more  complete  on  receipt  of  mftil  advices: 

ralifomift— George  A.  and  C.  F.  FlemlnR  and  G.  T. 
McLaui^fhlin,  Sun  Joai,  fruit-pitting  and  flpreadinp  i»a- 
cbioe;  Edward  S.  Geron,  Lafaj-ette,  assignor  of  half  iu- 
tereat  to  J.  Eva,  S.  F.,  reversible  plow;  Elam  Barter. 
Sao  Diet'o,  step-ladder;  John  L.  Heaid,  Crockett,  ateam 
boiler;  John  Heilrath,  I'tyraouth,  two-wheeled  vehicle; 
811U0,  adjustable  vehicle  aeit;  Ernest  L.  Ransome,  S.  F  , 
mold  for  molding  concrete  continuously;  Daniel  S  Re- 
gan, S.  F.,  gas  engine;  John  C.  H.  Stut,  S.  F.,  auto- 
matic cable  lifter  Eor  calle  railway;  same,  automatic 
tenoion  device  fir  cable  railway:  liOwis  A.  Turner,  as- 
aiimor  of  half  mterest  to  W.  D.  Babcnck,  Loa  Aneeles, 
rail  climber  for  vehicle  wheels;  Louie  Zander,  Oakland, 
lamp-burner. 

NoTB.— Copies  of  D.  S.  and  Foreign  patents  furnished 
by  Dewey  &  Co.,  in  the  shortest  time  possible  (by  mall 
or  teiegraphlo  order).  American  and  Foreign  patents 
obtained,  and  general  patent  bushieBS  for  Pacific  Coast 
Inventors  transacted  with  perfect  security,  at  reasonable 
rates,  and  in  the  shortest  [lossible  time. 


Notices  of  Recent  Patents. 


Among  the  patents  recently  obtained  through 
Dewey  &  Co.'b  Scientific  Press  U.  S.  and 
Foreign  Patent  Agency,  the  following  are 
worthy  of  special  mention: 

CooLEE. — Albert  McDowell,  Selma,  Fresno 
Co.,  assignor  of  one*half  to  J.  A.  Stroud.  No, 
424  125.  Dited  March  25,  1890.  This  ia  one 
of  that  claes  of  coolers  in  which  the  evapora- 
tion of  water  Ib  made  to  rapidly  take  place  by 
exposing  a  considerable  surface  of  saturated 
fabric  whereby  the  temperature  within  the 
cooling  vessel  is  lowered.  The  invention  cod- 
sists  in  a  suitable  vessel  for  the  water,  having 
within  it  a  vessel  for  the  material  which  is  to 
be  kept  cool,  covers  of  fabrics  or  other  suitable 
absorbent  material  fitted  to  the  outside  of  the 
water  vessel  and  having  end  fl»pa  rolling  over 
the  edge  of  said  vessel  into  the  water,  rolls  of 
absorbent  material  or  fabric  passed  around  the 
exterior  of  the  vessel  and  having  extension  flaps 
projecting  into  the  water,  ao  outer  belt  or 
band  fitted  around  the  vessel  outside  the  rolls, 
whereby  an  air  space  is  formed  between  said 
belt  or  band  and  the  vessel,  a  suitable  roof  or 
top  for  the  vessel  with  absorbent  coverings, 
and  certain  minor  details  of  construction  and 
arrangement. 

Fruit  Grader.  —  David  D.  Jones,  Santa 
Clara.  No.  424,002.  Dated  March  25,  1890. 
This  is  one  of  that  class  of  machines  for  eep- 
arating  fruit ,  according  to  sizes  and  usually 
known  as  fruit-gradera.  The  fruit  is  placed  in 
a  box  at  the  head  of  the  machine  and  falling 
upon  an  inclined  grated  surface  rolls  down 
toward  the  lower  end,  and  in  passing  over  said 
surface,  fruit  below  a  certain  size  drops  through 
the  spaces  between  the  bars  of  the  grated  sur- 
face and  through  between  the  slats  of  the  rack 
below  and  upon  the  inclined  bottom  of  the  box 
and  is  discharged  into  a  suitable  receptacle.  The 
fruit  above  a  certain  aize  failing  to  pass  through 
the  grated  surface,  passes  down  over  the  end 
and  ia  received  in  a  suitable  receptacle.  When 
any  of  the  fruit  sticks  or  clogs  between  the 
bars  of  the  grated  surface,  the  rack  below  is 
raised  up  so  that  its  slats  come  up  between  the 
bars  of  the  grated  surface  and  thereby  free  the 
fruit  whenever  it  is  necessary.  The  spaces  be- 
tween the  slats  are  wider  than  those  between 
the  bars  and  the  former  therefore  present  no 
obstruction  to  the  passage  of  the  fruit. 

Umbrella  Attachment. — Marcus  Dattle- 
baum,  S.  F.  No.  423,990.  Dated  March  25, 
1890.  This  Invention  consists  essentially  in  a 
receptacle  adapted  to  be  readily  attached  to 
and  detached  from  the  pointer  end  of  the 
umbrella  stick,  whereby  when  the  umbrella  is 
qlosed  the  water  running  from  it  shall  drip 
into  the  reoeptaole.    The  drip  falling  into  this 


little  detachable  cup  or  attachment  is  prevented 
from  soiling  the  carpet  or  other  surface  upon 
which  the  umbrella  ii  placed.  Tbe  little  cup 
or  bulb  is  preferably  made  of  rubber,  and  is 
carried  about  In  tbe  pocket.  After  It  has  been 
in  use  It  is  removed  from  the  umbrella, 
Inverted,  and  tbe  collected  water  poured  out. 
Being  a  rubber  bulb,  the  water  is  easily 
squeezed  oat. 

Machine  for  Sharfenin*:  Cdttinc  Tools. — 
Albert  Riohardson,  S.  F,  No.  424,025.  Dated 
March  25, 1S90.  This  invention  relates  to  a  ma- 
chine designed  to  sharpen  files,  saws,  and  all 
that  claes  of  tools  which  have  irregular  catting 
edges,  such  as  cannot  ordinarily  be  sharpened 
except  by  the  use  of  a  file  or  similar  tool.  The 
inventor  takes  thin  disks  of  paper,  pasteboard, 
wood-pulp  fiber,  or  other  easily  cut  material, 
and  coats  one  or  both  surfaces  with  a  prepara* 
tion  of  corundum,  emery  or  other  hard  fine 
dust  or  powder,  which  is  mixed  with  a  proper 
cement  which  will  bind  it  firmly  to  the  disk. 
The  disks  are  made  of  any  suitable  aize,  de* 
pending  on  the  size  of  the  teeth  to  be  out.  For 
sharpeuiog  a  saw  the  disks  are  thicker  and 
separated  a  greater  distance  than  for  files.  The 
disks  are  mounted  on  a  spindle  and  are  re* 
volved  rapidly.  The  cutting  ia  done  by  the 
bard  powder  which  forms  the  surface  of  the 
disks,  and  which  is  sufficiently  hard  to  cut  a 
tile  or  any  tool  of  steel  without  drawing  tbe 
temper.  The  paper  or  soft  material  wears 
away  gradually  so  as  to  keep  a  perfectly  sharp 
edge  upon  the  emery  disks  until  they  are  en- 
tirely worn  away,  the  paper  serving  simply  to 
support  a  coating  of  emery  which  would  be  too 
thin  to  support  itself  and  do  tbe  work  rctjuired. 
The  disks  may  be  mounted  in  gangs  and  be 
driven  in  any  suitable  way. 

Ice  Machine. — John  0.  Kitton,  S,  F.  as- 
signor of  one-half  to  Wm.  T.  Garratt  &  Co. 
No  424.005.  Dated  March  25,  1890.  This 
improvement  in  Ice  machines  consists  of  a 
series  of  vertically-disposed  freezing  channels 
within  a  tank  having  inclosing  chambers  within 
which  tbe  freezing  medium  ia  circulated  around 
these  freezing-spaces,  and  in  combination 
therewith  of  a  series  of  vertically-arranged 
transverse  sliding  box'ea  or  hollow  removable 
partitions,  which  are  dropped  into  the  afore- 
said channels  to  provide  end-spaces,  through 
which  the  freezing  medium  ia  circulated,  so 
that  refrigeration  is  carried  on  at  points  in- 
termediate in  the  length  of  the  chambers  as 
well  aa  at  the  sides.  These  supplemental  re- 
movable transverse  freezing'Ohambera  or  parti- 
tions may  be  employed  in  connection  with 
other  forms  of  what  are  known  as  "can"  or 
"plate"  machines,  the  object  being  to  apply  the 
freezing  medium  at  the  ends  as  well  as  the 
sides  of  the  water-containing  chambers  and  al- 
so at  a  number  of  Intermediate  points  in  the 
length  of  the  obambera  to  increase  the  freezing 
capacity. 

Steam-Motor  for  Pumps  — Henry  0. 
Beatty,  Sacramento.  No.  424,045.  Dated 
March  25,  1890,  The  object  of  this  invention 
is  to  simplily  the  construction  of  that  class  of 
steam-motors  or  engines  exemplified  by  Patent 
No.  408  400  issued  to  the  same  inventor 
August  6,  1889. 

Baling  Press  . — Walter  Bullard,  Chico, 
Butte  Co.  No.  424,046.  Dated  March  25, 
1890.  The  object  of  this  invention  is  to  pro- 
vide a  compact,  effective  and  rapidly  operating 
press.  The  patent  covers  several  construc- 
tions, arrangements  and  combinations  of  parts. 
Fender  for  Feed*Troughs. — Hans  Niason, 
Sacramento.  No.  424.020.  Dited  March  25, 
1890.  The  invention  relates  to  the  class  of 
feed-trongha  which  are  provided  withadjiist< 
able  gates  or  fendera,  the  purpose  of  which  ia 
to  prevent  or  allow  access  to  the  trough  as  may 
be  desired.  A  series  of  bent  brackets  are  hinged 
to  posts  and  the  central  portions  of  these 
brackets  connected  together  by  slats  or  wires. 
When  aocesB  ia  to  be  had  to  the  trough,  the 
brackets  are  turned  simultaneously  by  a  lever 
BO  as  to  carry  the  rails  or  wires  parallel  with  the 
trough,  affording  perfect  access  to  it.  By  swing- 
ing the  brackets  back  again  the  wires  or  rails 
are  put  in  such  a  position  that  stock  cannot 
get  access  to  the  trough. 


Mineral  Discoveries.  —  Reports  of  rich 
mineral  discoveries  in  the  Carrlzo  mountains, 
on  the  Navajo  Indian  Reservation,  in  North- 
eastern Arizona,  have  resulted  in  the  or- 
ganization of  several  parties  of  prospectors  in 
Arizona  and  New  Mexico,  who  have  gone  to 
locate  claims.  The  Government,  as  well  as  the 
Indians,  are  oppoaed  to  the  prospectors  enter- 
ing the  reservation,  and  the  result  of  this  expe- 
dition ia  watched  for  with  much  anxiety.  The 
Carrizo  mountaina  are  125  miles  north  of  Gal- 
Inp,  on  the  Atlantic  &  Pacific  railroad. 

A  company  entitled  the  Patriot  Silver  Min- 
ing and  Milling  Co.  haa  been  incorporated  under 
tbe  laws  of  Nevada  to  work  the  Patriot  mine 
in  Yankee  Blade  district,  Lincoln  county, 
leased  from  the  ^Manhattan  Oo.  for  a  period  of 
two  years,  giving  that  company  a  royalty  of 
ten  per  cent  on  all  orea  extracted. 

The  Yuma  Sentinel  aays  a  large  deposit  of 
rock  salt  has  been  found  in  Silver  District,  Ari- 
zona, three  miles  from  the  Oplorado  river. 


Irving  M.  Scott  of  the  Union  Iron  Worka 
haa  returned  to  Ban  Franoieoo  from  Washington, 


Coast  Industrial  Notes. 

Thk  new  foundry  at  Astoria  started  up  on 
March  loth  aud  turned  out  240  window-sash 
weights. 

The  Yuma  Sentinrt  aays  that  county  haa  sev- 
eral deposits  of  antimony  that  could  be  worked 
with  profit. 

There  ia  a  great  demand  for  lumber  vesaels 
at  all  Paget  Sound  lumber-mills.  Coasting  ves- 
sels have  gone  on  deep  water,  and  freights  have 
advanced  from  SI  50  to  S5.50  a  thousand  feet. 
Gkoum)  waB  to  be  broken  last  week  at  the 
corner  of  Thirteenth  and  Franklin  atreeta,  Oak- 
land, for  the  electric  street-railwav  of  the  Oak- 
land and  Berkeley  Riptd  Transit  Company. 

A  F.\('TORY  for  condensing  milk  and  coffee 
has  been  built  at  Buena  Park,  five  miles  from 
Anaheim,  Los  Angeles  county.  It  was  started 
up  for  business  last  Wednesday  and  was  in- 
spected by  many  visitors.  When  in  full  opera- 
tion it  will  use  tbe  milk  of  .1500  cows  every 
day.     The  plant  copt  820,000. 

The  reason  attributed  for  the  non-arrival  of 
foreign  coal  ia  that  until  a  short  time  ago  there 
were  very  few  deep*water  vessels  leaving  port 
for  England  or  Australia.  A  great  many 
wheat-laden  vessels  have  left  here,  however, 
within  the  past  month,  and  there  is  a  great 
number  now  in  port  loading  for  Europe,  many 
of  which  will  return  here  with  coal. 

The  fruit  and  vegetable  commisaion  mer- 
chants doing  buainese  in  this  city  have  begun 
a  movement  to  ahorteu  their  business  hours. 
It  has  been  a  custom  for  many  years  to  open 
the  stores  In  that  line  of  buslnesa  at  2  and  .S 
o'clock  in  the  morning.  As  there  appears  to 
be  no  reason  why  these  unearthly  hours  should 
be  observed,  it  ia  now  proposed  to  open  at  5  a. 
M.  Many  of  the  leading  merchants  are  in  favor 
of  the  change. 

Mr.  McKenna  introduced  a  bill  In  the 
House  to  provide  a  station  for  silk  culture  in 
the  State  of  California.  It  provides  that  the 
Secretary  of  Agriculture  shall  purchase  not  less 
than  thirty  nor  more  than  forty  acres  in  the 
State,  of  which  fifteen  shall  be  planted  in  mul- 
berry trees  aud  tbe  land  shall  be  used  to  culti- 
vate young  mulberry  leaves,  and  to  provide 
silkworm  eggs  and  cocoons  for  distribution. 
There  la  to  be  one  superintendent  at  $2000 
and  an  assistant  auperinteudent  at  @1800  per 
annum,  and  the  sum  of  S30,000  is  provided  for 
the  expenses  of  the  farm  for  the  first  fiscal  year. 
T.  B.  McGovERN,  representing  large  Chicago 
and  New  York  housea  which  make  a  specialty 
of  handling  canned  salmon,  is  in  Portland,  Ore- 
gon. He  has  placed  orders  here  for  years  past 
for  from  30,000  to  50.000  cases  of  Columbia 
river  salmon,  but  will  not  try  to  do  business 
with  the  Columbia  river  cannerymen  this  season. 
GTe  says  the  tendency  all  along  the  line  is  for 
lower  prices,  and  British  Columbia  salmon  is 
now  quoted  in  the  Eagliah  market  oi 
equality  with  standard  brands  of  Columbia 
river  aalmon,  and  cannerymen  there  realized 
the  condition  of  affairs  on  the  Columbia  river, 
and  being  able  to  get  raw  fiab  almost  as  cheap 
as  in  Alaeka,  intend  forcing  the  business,  and 
a  number  of  new  plants  will  be  put  in  opera- 
tion. The  ideas  of  the  trade  generally  as  to 
prices  range  from  $1  for  Alaaka  to  $1,25  for 
Columbia  river  brands,  and  at  the  prices 
fishermen  on  the  Columbia  river  are  demand- 
ing for  raw  fish  it  is  utterly  impracticable  for 
cannerymen  to  do  buainesa. 

The  officials  of  the  North  Baaoh  &  Mission 
Railway  Company  state  that  the  road  will  soon 
be  changed  into  a  cable  line.  It  is  expected 
the  change  will  be  made  during  tbe  early  part 
of  the  coming  summer,  draughtsmen  being  al* 
ready  engaged  on  the  plans.  The  line  will  ex- 
tend ten  miles,  starting  at  Townsend  street  and 
running  along  Fourth  to  Market,  across  Mar- 
ket to  Stockton,  to  Geary,  down  Geary  to 
Kearny,  to  Broadway,  to  Powell,  to  Montgom- 
ery avenue,  along  the  latter  thoroughfare  to 
Mason,  and  on  Mason  to  the  bay.  The  other 
route  will  extend  the  entire  length  of  Folsom 
street,  from  its  commencement  to  East  street, 
and  along  Eist  street  to  the  ferries.  Then  it 
will  run  up  Market  street  to  California  street, 
on  California  to  Kparny,  on  Kearnv  to  Mar- 
ket, on  Market  to  Eghth,  and  on  Eghtb  to 
Folsom.  The  old  headquarters  at  Fourth  and 
Louiaa  streets  will  be  torn  down  and  a  great 
power-house  erected.  It  will  be  as  large  as 
any  in  the  city,  and  will  have  none  but  the  fin- 
est machinery. 

'*  Wanted — 20C0  men  to  work  on  railroad. 
Pay,  82  to  82.50  per  day."  This  aign  in  large 
letters  was  placed  in  the  window  of  the  steam- 
ship and  railroad  ticket  offiae,  corner  of  Mont- 
gomery avenue  and  Vallejo  street,  and  was 
displayed  on  the  bulletin-board  of  a  Clay- 
street  employment  office,  one  day  last  week 
It  is  a  genuine  offer  for  laborers,  and  yet 
there  was  no  great  demand  from  the  unem- 
ployed during  tbe  day,  because  it  would  cost 
each  man  about  $12  or  815  before  he  could 
reach  his  work.  The  order  is  from  the  Port- 
land contrnctora  of  the  Qnion  Pacific  railroad, 
who  want  1500  able-bodied  men  for  Oregon  and 
500  for  Utah  to  work  on  the  U.  P.  extension. 
About  100  men,  mostly  Italians,  have  already 
been  engaged  in  this  city.  The  men  will  be 
required  to  pay  82  office  fee  for  securing  the 
job,  88  on  the  steamer  and  1^  cents  per  mile  on 
the  railroad  from  Portland  to  points  of  desti- 
nation. They  must  have  blankets.  Board  will 
cost  them  $5  a  week,  and  the  jobs  will  last  all 
summer.  Common  laborers  will  get  82  a  day. 
•■rock  men,"  or  those  driving  dumpcarts,  $2.25 
a  day,  and  "headers  for  tunnel  work,"  or  those 
shoveling  and  picking  in  tunnels,  $2.50  a  day, 


Sampling  Ores. 

We  should  be  obliged  to  oar  esteemed  oo- 
temporary,  the  Virginia  Enterprise^  if  when  It 
considers  it  necessary  to  criticise  any  state- 
ments made  by  the  Mining  and  Scientiiio 
PRES.S,  it  would  first  make  sure  that  it  is 
crediting  its  "clippiog  "  to  the  right  journal. 
The  Knlerprite  reads  the  Press  a  lecture  for 
casting  reflections  on  tbe  milling  and  mining 
management  of  the  Comstock,  in  saying:  "  The 
Golden  Chariot  is  the  only  mine  on  the  Com* 
etook  that  returns  the  average  value  of  its  ores 
aa  per  car  samples," 

The  pRE^.s  never  made  any  such  statement, 
nor  did  any  of  its  correspondents.  So  the 
little  "  fling  "  of  the  Enterprise  about  having  to 
teach  writers  on  mining  papers  bow  to  write 
np  mining  information,  is  not  quite  to  tbe 
point.  Our  cotemporary  has  probably  taken 
its  item  from  some  other  paper  and  credited  it 
to  the  Mining  and  Scientific  Pre.s3. 

We  have  had  no  articles  of  late  on  the  anb- 
ject  of  sampling  ores,  except  one  on  "Car  and 
Battery  Assays,"  emanating  in  the  form  of  a 
general  letter  or  circular,  from  the  offioera  of 
the  Mining  Stock  Association  of  this  city.  That 
circular  was  reprinted  and  duly  credited  to  its 
source,  so  that  the  Enterprise  could  acarcely 
hold  the  Press  responsible  for  anything  therein 
contained.  The  argument  of  the  Mining  Stock 
Aaaociation  was  for  the  publication  of  both  car 
and  battery  assays  in  the  Interest  of  the  specu- 
lative public,  and  the  management  of  the  Over- 
man Mining  Company  was  commended  for 
making  a  new  departure  In  giving  in  its  report 
the  figures  of  both  car  and  battery  assays. 

The  Press  published  this  as  it  would  any 
other  news  connected  with  mining  matters, 
with  no  additions  or  comments,  simply  stating 
in  a  prefatory  sentence  that  the  "  following 
letter  waa  written  by  the  offioera  of  the  Mining 
Stock  Association."  On  this  slim  basis,  for  we 
can  think  of  no  other,  the  Enterprise  builds  its 
article.  No  writer  on  this  paper  had  anything 
to  do  with  originating  the  circular  or  letter; 
and  no  such  statement  as  the  Enterprise  credits 
us  with  was  ever  published  in  the  Mining  and 
Scientific  Press. 


Prom  Joliannesburg. 

William  Munro,  who  left  the  Comstock  last 
summer  for  the  South  African  gold-fields,  has 
written  a  letter  to  a  friend  in  Virginia,  de- 
scriptive of  his  trip  and  of  the  country  in  which 
he  ia  at  present  working. 

Mr.  Munro  embelliahea  his  facts  with  but 
few  adjectivea,  and  tells  a  tale  that  knocka 
more  romance  out  of  South  Africa  in  a  minute 
than  the  Engtiah  packet  lines  and  mining 
shareholders  can  plant  in  a  year. 

Fjllowing  are  sentences  reproduced  from  his 
letter  verbatim: 

"  I  have  not  seen  a  peraon  since  I  left  Vir- 
ginia that  I  ever  saw  before.  Our  vessel  called 
at  Flushing,  Canary  Islands  and  at  St.  Helena. 
I  he  latter  is  the  most  miserable  place  I  ever 
saw.  I  didn't  have  time  to  visit  Napoleon's 
grave.  I  am  very  much  disappointed  with 
Johannesburg.  Why  people  write  such  glow- 
ing falsehoods  about  this  place  I  cannot  under- 
stand. There  is  a  great  large  town  built  all 
over  the  country,  and  it  is  full  of  people  try- 
ing to  live  off  their  wits.  The  mines  are  all 
incorporated,  and  many  of  them  have  sold  for 
high  figures,  but  now  they  are  very  low,  and 
many  who  have  made  money  here  are  now  los- 
ing it.  Not  one-half  of  the  mines  pay  half  the 
expense  of  working  them.  Their  stock  ia  un- 
assessable, aud  when  a  company  is  out  of 
money  they  Issue  new  stock  for  working  capi- 
tal. Most  of  Ithe  rock  ia  very  low  grade,  and 
they  can  save  but  a  small  percentage  of  the 
gold  in  it.  Livine  is  very  high  and  very  poor. 
Wages  are  low.  Natives  do  tbe  work,  directed 
by  the  whites.  There  is  a  great  deal  of  ty- 
phoid fever.  The  water  is  not  fit  to  drink. 
It  looks  like  milk  after  a  shower,  and  remains 
muddy  two  or  three  days.  We  have  terrific 
sandstorms,  when  we  cannot  see  five  feet 
ahead.  A  great  many  people  die  here  of  in- 
flammation of  the  lungs,  brought  on  by  the 
inhalation  of  sand.  Coming  here,  I  met  at 
least  300  men  returning  to  the  railroad.  They 
could  find  nothing  to  do.  The  ground  ia 
staked  off  for  miles  in  every  direction.  I  am 
working  in  a  mine,  and  if  my  health  keeps 
good  until  I  make  enough  to  take  me  out  of 
here  I  will  be  happy.  They  have  schemes  to 
get  money  out  of  you  here  that  I  never  heard 
of  before.  You  may  think  I  have  drawn  a 
dark  picture  of  this  place,  but  I  have  not  pict- 
ured it  half  as  bad  as  it  is.  Those  who  do  not 
believe  me  had  better  come  and  see." 


During  the  past  year  there  were  hoisted  from 
the  H  tie  &  Norcross  mine  27,962  tons  of  ore 
and  43,100  tons  of  waste,  and  have  run  4637 
feet  of  drifts.  The  gross  bullion  yield  of  the 
ore  milled  was  $519,117.58, 


238 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[April  5,  1890 


NOTICE  TO  GOLD  MINERS!        JusTiNi»NCAiRE,*gem, 

&21  &  523  Market  St.,  San  Francisco, 


— DBALBR    m— 


QUARTZ,  GRAVEL,  OB  PLACER  MINES.  MADE  OF  BEST  SOFT  LAKF      UPEBIOR  COPPER 

Our  plates  are  guaranteed,  and  by  actual  experience  are  proved,  the  besj  in  weight  of  Sil- 
ver and  durability.  Old  Mining  Platea  Replated,  Bought,  or  Gold  Separated.  THOUSAIJDS 
OF    ORDERS    FILLED. 

SAN    FRANCISCO    NOVELTY,  GOLD,  SILVER    AND    NICKEL    PLATING  WORKS, 
1 08  and  1 1 2  First  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

IS"  SEND  FOR  CIRCDLAKS. 


Assayers'  and  Mining  Material. 

— MANUFAOTURBR    OF— 

BATTERY  SCREENS  AND  WIRE  CLOTH 


Agent  for  HOSKIKS' 
HTDKO-CASBON    ASSAY   FURNACES 


IMPORTANT  TO  GOLD  MINERS! 

SILVER-PLATED  AMALGAM  PLATES  for  SAVING  GOLD 

IN    QUARTZ,    GRAVEL    AND    PLACER    MINING. 
PRICES  GREATLY  REDUCED. 

Only  Refined  Silver  and  Best  Copper  nsed,    Over  3000  Orders  filled.    Fifteen  Medals  Awarded.    Old  Uining  Plates  can  be 

Replated.    Old  Plates  Bonght,  or  Gold  Separated. 

These  Plates  can  also  be  purchased  of  JOHN  TAYI-OB  &  CO.,  Corner  first  and  mission  Sts 

San  Francisco  Gold,  Silver  and  Nickel  Plating  Works,  653  &  655  Mission  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  E.  G.  Denniston,  Prop'r. 

Our  Plates  have  been  used  for  20  years.    They  have  proved  the  best.    We  adhere  strictly  to  contract  In  welsbt  of  Silver  and 
OopDsr.      SKND  FJB  CIROtJLAR. 


TJisrmisrGrTO  ivr. 

MANUFACTURER    OP  


CENTRIFUGAL  ROLLER  QUARTZ  MILLS, 

Concentrators  and  Ore  Crushers, 
Mining  Macliinery  of  Every  Description.        Steam  Engines  and  Sliingle  IVIactiines. 

SEND    FOR    CIROULAE. 

Centrlfusal  Boiler  Quartz  Mill.  SX3      I"IH.ST      STMIET,  S-A-^B"      X*Zl.A.:N'C!Xj5CO,      CAJU. 


THE  ROLLER  ORE  FEEDER 

[Patented  May  28, 1882.] 


,40  nv-,. , 


Thih  is  the  best  and  cheapest  Ore  Feeder  now  in  use. 

It  hag  fewer  parts,  requires  less  power,  is  simpler  in 
adjustment  than  any  other.  Feeds  coarse  ore  or  soft  clay 
alike  uniformly,  under  one  or  all  the  stamps  in  a  battern 
as  required. 

In  the  Bunker  Hill  Mill  it  has  run  continuously  for  two 
years,  never  having  been  out  of  order  or  coating  a  dollar 
tor  repairs. 

Qolden  Siate  and   Miners'  Iron  Works, 

Sole  Manufacturers. 
327  First  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


^^  IMPROVED  :- 


AIR  eUMPRESSORS 

Fob  catalogues,  ESTIMATES,  ETC.,  AODRess,  .    ^ 

£layton  Air- Compresstir  Works , 

*    OF     BROOKLYN.     NY... 

43  PEY  ST.,  NEW  YORK.  \ 


T\An^n%nnin-un  are  requested  to  be  sore  and  notify  ua 
rllKTUlHSTHrS  ^t»en  this  paper  ia  not  taken  from 
fl.  UUIUIUUIUIU  their  office.  If  not  stopped  promptly 
bhroogh  overvlght  or  other  mlBb«p),  do  us  the  favor  to 
write  ftg»tn. 


JOSHUA  HENDY  MACHINE  WORKS, 

Nos.  39  to  51   FREMOIVT  STREET,  SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 


•^ 


•HENDY"  IMPROVED  "CHALLENGE"  ORB  FEEDER. 


The  best  form  of  Feeder  ever  devised,  and  prononnced  by  reputable  mining  men  to  be  fa» 
superior  to  any  form  of  "Roller"  Feeder  manufactured.     We  refer  to  the  follow- 
ing gentlemen  who  have  furnished  us  with  testimonial  letters  to  the 
above  effect,  which  can  be  seen  at  our  office,    viz.: 


S.  W.  Ceockek,  Supt.  Bunker  Hill  Gold  Min- 
ing Co.,  Amador  City,  Cal. 
W,  G.  Roberts,  Greenwood,  El  Dorado  Co.,  Cal. 


D.  0.  WiCKHAM,  Taylor  Mine,  Greenwood,  Cal. 
J.  E.  Tbegloan,  Supt.  South  Spring  Hill  Gold 
Mining  Co.,  Amador  City,  Cal. 


WE   ARE   MANUFACrnKEKS  OF  THE 


CHALLENGE,"    STANFORD,"  '  TULLOCK,"  &  'ROLLER"  FEEDERS, 

And  will  farciBh  descriptive  Catalogues  and  quote  prices  upon  appUoation, 


DEWEY  &  CO.  {"'^Silfvi^f.Yaprbfi''}  PATENT  AGENTS. 


FRANCIS  SMITH  &  CO. 

Manufacturers  of 

Sheet  Iron  and  Steel 


ALL    SIZES. 

130  Beale  Street,         San  Francisco,  Cal 


Iron  cut,  punched  and  formed,  for  making  pipe  ok 
ground  All  kinds  of  Tools  supplied  for  making  Pipe. 
Estimates  given.  Are  prepared  for  coating  all  sizes  of 
Pipe  with  a  composition  of  Coal  Tar  and  Asphaltum. 


The  Best  Mining  District 

Od  tlie  Pacific  Coast  I 

GRASS   VALLEY,  CAL. 


THE  BEST  NEWSPAPER  published  in  the   district  is 

Daily  and  Weekly  edition.  Gives  all  the  Mining  News. 
Dealers  in  Miuing  Machinery  and  Mining  Supplies  will 
find  THE  TIDINGS  the  best  medium  for  directly  reach- 
ing the  owners  or  managers  of  mines.  loveators  in 
mines  will  find  it  to  their  advantage  to  subscribe. 

Many  mines  are  in  success  ul  operation,  and  new 
enterprises  are  being  instituted  and  many  others  are  in 
contemplation. 

DAILY,  S6  00  a  year;  WEEKLY,  82  50,  in  advance. 
H.  S.  SPaULDING,  Publisher. 

T.  0.  HOCKING.  Editor. 


Great  Variety  of  SHOT  GUNS,  RIFLES, 

etc.    Breech-Loaders  from  S4  to  $100. 
SEND    STAMPS    FOR   PRICE    LISTS. 

GEO.  W.  SHREVE, 

525  Kearny  Street,        San  Francisco,  Cal. 


GRANGER'S  ROLLER  STAMP  Mill 

Bfatg  them  all.  "Works  dry  ores.   Makes  e^en  grau- 
ulaLiou.    No  dtad  work,  henco  minimum  wear. 

A.  P.  GRa:S"GEK,  Denver,  Colo. 


GRANGER'S  DRY  ORE  SEPARATOR 

The  very  best.  Uses  no  ■water.  No  freezing-  up. 
Saves  hauling  waste.  Saves  high  percentage.  Send 
for  circulars. 

A.  P.  GRANGER.  Denver,  Colo. 


One  Ohmen's    12x12  Automailc   Engine; 

best  style  ia  use.  Also,  1  Boiler  48  in,  x  13  ft.  Both  nearly 

new.    Apply  to    J.  W.  QUICK,  321  First  St.,  " 

(Top  Floor)  San  Francisco,  Oal. 


ApBiL  5.  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


239 


AMALGAMATING  MACHINERY. 

stamp  Mills  lor  Wet  or  Dry  Crushing. 
Huntington  Centrifugal  Quartz  Mill.  Drying 
Cjllnders.  Amalgamating  Pans,  Settlers, 
Agitators  and  Concentrators.  Retorts,  Bul- 
lion and  Ingot  Moulds.  Conveyors.  Elevators, 
Bruckners  and  Howell's  Improved  White's 
Roasting  Furnaces,  Etc. 


FRASER  &  CHALMERS, 

MINING  MACHINERY 


iMPRoyiD  CORLISS  vA^v^e'sVilM  ENGINES.     ^*     BOILERS 


CONCENTRATING  MACHINERY. 

Blake,  Dodge  and  Comet  Crushers.  Cornish 
Crushing  and  Finishing  Roils.  HarU  Plunger 
and  Collom  Jigs.  Frue  Vanncr  &  Embrey 
Concentrators,  Evans',  Calumet,  Collom's 
and  RIttenger's  Slime  Tables.  Trommels. 
Wire  Cloth  and  Punched  Plates.  Ore  Sam- 
ple  Grinders  and  Hcbcrle  IVIills. 


HORIZONTAL.    VERTICAL 
.  .  .  AND  SECTIONAl 


-xTiSi^^tai^rmTii   s'l^mjkvui.   s^i^ss^s 


Hoisting  Engines, 
Safety  Cages, 

Safety  Hooks. 

Ore  CARS,  Waters  Ore 
BUCKETS, 

Air  Compressors, 

Rock  Drills,  Etc. 

GENERAL  MILL  AND 
MINING  SUPPLIES,  ETC, 
Sectional  Machinery 

FOR 

VIULE-BACK 

TRANSPORTATION. 


Pumping  Engines 

and  Cornish 

Pumping  Machinery, 

IMPROVED 
WATER    JACKET 

Blast  Furnaces  for 
Galena  &  Copper  Ores, 

SLAG  CARS  AND  POTS, 

Roots  &  Baker 
Pressure  Blowers, 

SUSPENDED 

TRAMWAYS. 


General  Offices  and  Works:     FULTON  AND  UNION  STS.,  CHICAGO,   iLL. 


BRANCH  OFFICES: 


NEW  YORK,  Room  43,  No.  2  Wall  St.        DENVER,  COLO.,   1316  Eighteenth  St.       SALT  LAKE   CITY,  UTAH, 
7  W.  Second  South   St.       LONDON,  ENC,  23   Bucklersbury,  E.  C.       CHIHUAHUA  CITY,    MEXICO,  No.  I  I 
Calle  de   Juarez.        LIMA,  PERU,  South  America.        JOHANNESBURG,  TRANSVAAL,  South  Africa. 

SOLE    WESTERN    AGENTS    FOB    TYLBB    WIBB    WORKS    DOUBLiB    OKIMPBD    MINING    CLOTHS. 


THE     PELTOIT     WATER     WHEEL 

GIVES    THE    HIGHEST    EFFICIENCY    OF    ANY    WHEEL    IN     THE    WORLD. 


^i^E^^\HffR/Ne 


OVER  800  ALREADY  IN  USE. 

Affords  the  Moat  Simple  and  Reliable  Power  for  all 
Mining   and   Manufaotaring   Machinery. 

Adapted  to  heads  running  from  20  up  to  2,000  feet. 

From  12  to  20  per  cent  better  results  guaranteed  than 
can  be  produced  from  any  other  Wheel  in  the  Country. 

ELECTRIC  TRANSMISSION. . 

Power  rom  these  Wheels  can  be  transmitted  long 
distances  with  small  loss,  and  is  now  extensively  used  in 
all  parts  of  the  country  for  generating  both  power  and 
light. 

APPLICATIONS 

Should  state  amount,  and  head  of  water,  power  required, 
and  for  what  purpose  ;  with  approximate  length  of  pipe ; 
also,  whether  the  application  is  with  reference  to  Wheels 
or  Motors  described  below.     SEND  FOR  CIRCULARS 

The  Pelton  Water  Wheel  Co. 

121  MAIN  ST„  SAN  FEAHCISCO,  CAL. 


OlST      "\7V^.A.T'ESR      IMCOT'On.S- 


Varying  from  the  fraction  of  1  up  to  15  and  20-hor8e  power.     Unequaled   fnr   all   light-runninc   machinery.     Warranted  to  develop  a  given 
amount  of  power  with  one-half  the  water  required  by  any  other.     i^T  SEND  FOR  MOTOR  CIRCULAR.     ADDRESS  AS  ABOVE. '^ 


JAMES    LBFFEL'S 

Mining  Turbine  Water  Wheel. 

These  Wheels  are  designed  for  all  purposes  whore  limited  quantities  of  water  and 
high  beads  are  utilized,  and  are  guaranteed  to  give  more  power  with  less  water  than 
any  other  wheel  made.  Beiog  placed  on  horizontal  shaft,  the  power  is  transmitted 
direct  to  shafting  by  belts,  dispensing  with  gearing. 

Estimates  furnished  on  application  for  wheels  specially  built  and  adapted  in 
capacity  to  suit  any  particular  case. 

Further  information  can  be  obtained  of  this  form  of  construction,  as  well  as  the 
ordinary  Vertical  Turbines  for  Wooden  Penstocks  and  in  Iron  Globe  Cases,  free  of  eost, 
by  applying  to  the  manufacturers. 

JAMES    LBPFEL    &    CO., 


fAetalllirgy  apd  Ore3. 


SELBY 

SMELTING  and  LEAD  CO.. 

416  Kontgomery  St.,  San  Francisco. 

GOLD    AND    SILVER    REFINERY 
And  Assay  Office. 

Highest  Prices  Paid  for  Gold,  Silver  and 
Lead  Ores  and  Snlphnrets. 

liANTT?AOnTRni£  07 

BLUESTONE, 

LEAD  PIPE, 

SHEET  LEAD, 

SHOT,  Etc.,  Etc. 

ALSO  UAMTPACTURRIUi    OF 

Standard    Shot-Gun    Cartridges, 

Under  Chamberlia  Patent 


Springfield,  Ohio, 


or  110  Liberty  St.,  New  York. 


FRASER    &    CHALMERS,  General  Agents, 

Ohicago,  111.,  and  Denver,  CoL 

PARKE    <Si    LACY,  General  Agents,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


CALIFORNIA   IRON  YARD. 

HENRY  J.  ROGERS  &  CO, 

Successors  to  CHAS.  CALLAHAN 

IMPORTBRS  AND  DEALBSS   IN 

CAST  and  WROUGHT  IRON  SCRAP 

SECOND-HAND     BOII^EBS 

AND  OI.D  MACHINERY 

or  every  dcBorlption. 

■me  Hiilest  Price  laMfor  all  Mi  ol  Metals, 

Officb  and  Tard:     128  and  130  Folsom  St.,8.  F. 

Telephone  No,  67. 


Should  consult 
DEWEY&OO 

AME  R  I  CAN 


California  Inventors 

AND  Foreign  Patent  Solicitors,  for  obtaining  Patents 
and  Caveats.  Eatablished  in  1860.  Their  long  experience  ob 
Journalists  and  large  practice  as  Patent  attiomeys  enables 
them  to  offer  Pacilic  Coast  Inventors  far  better  aurvice  than 
they  can  obtain  elsewhere.  Send  for  free  oiroulars  of  Infor- 
matlon.  Office  of  the  BIinin  o  an  d  Soi  entifio  Prkbb  and 
FAomoBTTRAL  Press  No.  920  Uarket  S.,  Ban  Franclsoa, 
EleratoT,  la  Front  St. 


THOMAS  PRICE  &  SON, 

Assay  OflQce,  Chemical  Laboratory, 

BULLION  ROOMS  and  ORE  FLOORS, 

524  Sacramento  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

COIN  RETURNS  ON  ALL  BULLION  DEPOSITS  IN  24  HOURS. 

WORKING    TESTS    OF    ORES    BY    ALL    PROCESSES. 

SPECIAL  ATTENTION  PAID  TO  CONCENTRATION  OF  ORES. 
Ores  Received  on  Oonsignment,  Sampled,  Assayed,  and  Disposed 
of  in  the  Open  Market  to  the  Highest  Bidder. 


JOHN  TAYLOR  &  CO.. 

IHPORTBRS   AND   DBALERa   IN 

ASSAYERS'    MATERIALS,    MINE 
AND  MILL  SUPPLIES, 

ALSO  CHEMICALS.   AND    PHYSICAL,  SCHOOL    AND 

CHEMICAL  APPARATUS. 
63  &  65  First  St.,  cor.  Mission,  San  Francisco, 
^y,-^      We  would  call  the  attentiOQ  ol 


Aesayers,  ChemiBta,  Mining  Com- ' 

paniea,  Milling  Compaoiea,  Proa- 

pectore,  etc.,  to  our  full  stock  of 

Balances,  Furnaces,    Mtiffles,  Crucibles,   Scori- 

flere,   etc.,    including,   also,  a   full    stock    of 

Chemicals. 

Having  been  engaged  in  furnishing  these  Bup> 
plies  slnct  the  fijret  discovery  of  mines  on  the 
Pacific  Coast,  we  feel  confident  from  our  experi- 
ence we  can  well  suit  the  demand  for  tneae 
goods,  both  as  to  quality  and  price. 

Agents  for  the  Morgan  Crncible  Co.. 
B^ttereea,  England.  Also  (or  JS.  O.  Dennis* 
ton's  Silver  Plated  Amalgam  Plates.  The  plates 
of  this  well-kno\^Ti  manufacturer  are  thoroughly  relia- 
ble, and  full  weight  of  Silver  guaranteed.  Ordeis  taken 
at  bis  lowest  prices.  Our  Illustrated  Catalogue  and  As 
say  Tables  sent  free  on  application, 

JOHN  TAYLOR  A  CO. 


Nevada  Metallurgical  Works. 

NO.  23  STEVENSON  STREET, 

Near  First  and  Market  Streets,  S.  F. 

C.  A.  LtJ0EHARl>T,  Manager.  Estabusbbd  1809 

Ores  worked  by  any  Prooeaa. 
Ores  Sampled. 

ABsaying  in  all  its  Branches, 
Analyses  of  Ores,  Minerals,  Waters,  eto. 
Working  Testa  (practical)  Made. 
Plans   and   Specifications   furnished   for   the 
moat  suitable  Prooeas  for  Working  Ores. 

Special   attention   paid    to   Examinationa   of 
Mines;  Plans  and  Reports  furnished, 

O.  A.  LUOKHABDT  Ac  OO^ 
(Formerly  Huhn  &  Luokhardt, 
MlnloK  Engineers  and  MetallurflriBts 


GREAT    REDUCTION! 
BATTERY    SCREENS. 

Best  and  Cheapest  in  America. 

No  imitation,  no  deception,  no  planished  or  rotten 
Iron  used.  Only  genuine  Russia  iron  In  Quartz  Screens. 
Planished  iron  screens  at  nearly  halt  my  former  rates. 

T  have  a  large  supply  of  Battery  Screens  on  hand 
suitable  for  the  Huntington  and  all  Stamp  Mills,  which  1 
will  Bcil  at  '20  per  rent  discount. 


PERFORATED  SHEET  METAL 

For  Flour  and  Rice  Mills,  Grain  Separators,  Revolving 
and  Shot  Screens,  Stamp  Batteries  and  all  kinds  of  Mln 
ing  and  Mlllinp  Machinerj'.  Iron,  Steel,  Copper,  Braes. 
Zinc  and  other  metalfl  punched  for  all  uses. 

Inventor  and  Manufacturer  of  the  celebrated  Slot  Cut 
or  burred  and  Slot  Punched  Screens. 

Mining  Screens  a  specialty,  from  No.  1  to  15  (fine). 
Orders  promptly  attended  to. 

San  Francisco  Pioneer  Screen  Works, 

231  &  »»3  First  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

JOHN  W.  QUICK,  Proprietor. 


WINCHESTER  HOUSE, 


41  TMrd  Street, 


San  Francisco,  Cal, 


This  Fire  proof  Brick  Building  ia  centrally  located,  in 
the  healthiest  part  of  the  city,  only  a  half  block  from  the 
Grand  and  Palace  Hotels,  and  close  to  all  Steamboat  and 
Kailroad  Offices, 

Laundry  Free  for  the  use  of  Families. 


HOT  AND  COI-D  BATHS  FREE. 


Terms,  Board  and  Room,  $1.00  per  Day 

And  Ufiward. 

Booms  with  or  without  Board, 

Free  Coach  to  the  House 
ir.  3e»ooij:ei-k-. 


a 


242 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[April  5,  1890 


HQaf^ket  ^epof^ts. 


Local  Markets. 

San  Fkancisco,  April  3,  1890. 

General  trade  continues  free,  with  the  volume  of 
goods  going  out  in  excess  of  that  at  this  time  last 
year.  Although  the  past  winter  was  the  most  se- 
vere the  merchants,  manufacturers  and  business 
men  in  general  have  passed  through  for  several 
years  past,  yet  the  failures  reported  were  light, 
while  the  future  betokens  a  very  promising  year. 

The  iron-raolders'  strike  is  still  on,  but  foundrymen 
are  determined  to  bold  out  to  the  end.  Each  day 
adds  one  or  more  ron-molders  to  the  force  they 
have  employed. 

The  money  market  is  quite  easy.  The  quarter- 
ly dividend  and  interest  disbursements  are  very 
heavy,  which  tends  to  ease  the  market,  as  does  the 
transfer  of  the  Nevada  Bank  into  the  control  of 
other  parties.  The  money  that  has  been  tied  up 
can  now  be  placed,  while  the  new  subscribed  capi- 
tal of  $3,000,000  can  be  put  on  interest.  The  re- 
tention of  Mr.  Davidson  as  cashier  gives  satisfac- 
tion to  all  who  have  dealings  with  the  bank.  The 
officers  and  directors  are  leading  representative  bus- 
iness men,  which  insures  to  the  institution  a  good 
business  and  a  first-class  standing. 

Remittances  from  the  interior  are  free.  The  City 
Treasurer's  disbursement  in  March  aggregated 
nearly  a  quarter  of  a  million  dollars,  and  the  money 
still  on  hand  on  April  ist  aggregated  nearly 
$1,700,000. 

MEXICAN  DOLLARS— The  market  continues 
duUat  75Ji@7SJ^  cents.     Importations  are  light. 

SILVER— Receipts  continue  light,  not  meeting 
the  Mint's  wants.  Exporters  are  still  out  of  the 
market.  This  is  partly  due  to  the  low  rate  of 
sterling  exchanges.  As  India's  cereal  crop  will  be- 
gin to  move  soon,  it  is  not  at  all  unlikely  the  export 
movement  will  start  up  within  the  next  30  or  40 
days.  The  markets  abroad  and  at  the  East  have 
gamed  in  strength  under  fairly  light  supplies  and  a 
good,  steady  demand.  Silver  is  favorably  influ- 
enced by  the  action  of  Congress  toward  the  metal. 
The  opinion  is  gaining  ground  that  at  this  session 
of  Congress  a  bill  will  be  passed  which  will  soon 
bring  silver  up  to  par.  So  far  as  we  can  ascertain, 
the  belief  obtains  that  the  Windom  bill  as  amended 
will  be  the  one. 

The  local  market  for  silver  has  held  steady  at 
95  2-5  cents  Mint  prices.  The  Mint  bought  this 
week  97,000  ounces.  A  sale  of  30,000  ounces  was 
made  direct  to-day  to  the  Department  at  Washing- 
ton at  a  slight  advance  on  Mint  prices  here.  This 
indicates  that  the  price  will  be  soon  advanced 
here. 

London  cables  received  to-day  quote  silver  un- 
changed. 

QUICKSILVER— The  market  continues  to  rule 
very  strong  under  a  good  home  deraind  and  a  fair 
export  inquiry.  The  Comstock  mines  have  bought 
very  freely.  The  mines  (deep  and  gravel)  in  this 
State  and  up  north  are  beginning  to  buy  more  as 
transportation  improves.  Receipts  the  past  week 
aggregate  94  flasks,  and  exports  by  sea  one  flask  to 
Victoria. 

BORAX— Receipts  the  past  week  aggregate  212 
ctls.,  and  exports  by  sea  115  lbs.  to  Honolulu. 
The  market  is  not  quite  so  strong. 

LIME— Receipts  the  past  week  aggregate  5674 
bbls.,  and  exports  by  sea  373  bbls.  to  Honolulu. 
There  is  a  continued  increased  consumption,  due  to 
more  buildings  and  other  improvements  under  way. 

TIN— Exports  by  sea  the  past  week  aggregate 
6088  pounds  to  Victoria.  The  local  market  for  both 
pig  and  plate  shows  no  material  change  deserving 
of  particular  mention.  Foreign  advices,  generally, 
have  an  easier  tone. 

COPPER— From  the  best  obtainable  information, 
the  markets  at  home  and  abroad  are  gradually 
working  into  better  position  for  the  selling  interest. 
The  consumption  is  steadily  increasing,  while  the 
output  of  the  mines  as  yet  shows  no  material 
increase. 

IRON— The  market  continues  sluggish,  but  so 
far  as  we  can  learn,  there  is  no  disposition  to  press 
sales.  With  more  iron-molders  given  employment, 
the  consumption  of  iron  will  steadily  increase. 
Foundrymen  are  confident  of  being  able  to  secure 
in  time  all  the  iron-molders  wanted,  and  at  their 
own  terms,  too. 

COAL— Imports  the  past  week  aggregate  as  fol- 
lows: From  Tacoma,  2750  tons;  Qoos  bay,  i860; 
Seattle,  3670;  Departure  bav,  3736;  Comox,  4300; 
Nanaimo,  4300.  Total,  19.616  tons.  The  market 
holds  strong  for  Australian  and  Wellington,  and 
fairly  firm'  for  other  brands.  The  offerings  of 
Australian  coniinue  light.  For  a  cargo  of  Greta, 
27  25  was  freely  bid  but  refused.  As  our  wheat 
crop  promises  to  be  very  large  and  the  tonnage  on 
the  way  is  light,  there  may  b*^,  later  on,  more  vessels 
listed  from  Australia  so  as  to  take  advantage  of  any 
advance  in  freight  for  next  season's  business.  Of 
course  this  will  develop  itself  later  on. 


Eastern  Metal  Markets. 

By  Telegraph. 

New  York,  April  3,  1890.— The  following  are 
the  closing  prices  the  past  week; 
Silver  In    Silver  in 

London.  New  York.  Copper.     Lead.        Tin, 
Thursday.... 43 13-16      95g  SU  30       S3  90       §20  15 

Friday 43J  95g  14  30         ;^  90         20  20 

Saturday.... 431  95S  U  30         3  90         20  J5 

Monday 43g  95g  14  30         3  87i       20  05 

Tuesday 43^  95J  14  30         3  S7S        20  10 

Wedne8dav..43J  9dJ  14  30         3  90         20  10 

New  York,  April  2. — Borax  was  more  plentiful 
Lower  California  refined,  9^0.  Quicksilver  nomi 
nil  at  69@7oc.  In  copper  there  is  a  Boston  rumor 
oflarge  sales  at  14c.,  but  here  i4J^c.  is  a  rejected 
bid;  145^0.  asked  tor  casting  brands;  quoted  steady 
at  i2j^@i3C.  Pig  lead  is  slow  and  easier,  $3,90 
bid  a  single  car. 

Flouk  18  §4  a  hundred  oonnda  at  Sierra  City, 
and  the  Sierra  Buttea  Mining  Company  has 
Quit  selling, 


San  Francisco  Metal  Market. 

WHOLBSAI-E. 

Thuesdat,  April  3, 1890. 

Antimony— None  in  market  — @      — 

Borax— Kefined,  in  carload  lota 7i@      — 

Powdered  "         "        "    7(@      — 

Concentrated      "         "        "    6J@      — 

All  grades  jobbing  at  an  advance. 

Copper— 

Bolt 23  @      25 

Sheatbiug 23  @     25 

Ingot,  jobbing 17  @      18 

do,  wholesale —  @      16 

Fire  Box  Sheets 23  (tf      25 

Lead— Pig 4i@      — 

Ear .*. 5  @      — 

Sheet 7  @      — 

Pipe 6  @      — 

Shot,  discount  10/^  on  500  bags     Drop,  ^  bag.  1  i5  m     — 

Buck,  ^bag 1  65  @     — 

Chilled,  do 1  85  @     - 

TiKPLATE— E.  v.,  steel  grade,  14i20,to  arrive.      —  (a     — 

B.  v.,  steelgrade,  I4i20,  spot 4  60  @      — 

Charcoal,  14x20 6  75  W  7  00 

■  do  roofing,  14x20 6  00  @      — 

do,  do,  20x28 12  00  @      — 

Pig  tin,  spot,  ^  tt) -   @      2U 

CoKE-Eng.,  ton,  spot,  m  blk 13  50  (rfl4  50 

Do,  do,  to  load 14  50  @15  50 

QuiOKSiLVEB- By  the  flask. 50  00  iff      — 

Flasks,  new @      — 

Plaflks.  old   35  la 

ChroiME  Iron  Ore,  %?  ton 10  ^.fi& 

Iron— Bar,  base 3  @       3i 

J^Iorway,  base 42@       5J 

Steel— EogUsh.  lb 16  @     20 

Canton  tool 9  @       9 

Black  Diamond  tool 9  @       9 

Pick  and  Hammer 8  @     10 

Machinery 4@       5 

Toe  Calk 4l@       — 

Spot.  To  Load. 

Iron— Glengarnock  ton 35  00  @ 34  @  — 

Eglinton,  ton ....35  00  @ 32ito  — 

American  Soft.  No.  1,  ton.. @35  00  321@  — 

Oregon  Pig,  ton @35  00  —  @  — 

Puget  Sound 35  00  @ 

Clay  Lane  White ^2    00  27» 

Shotts,  No.  1 35  00  Cd35  00  32ii 

Bar  Iron  (base  price)  ^B),..      —  @      — 

Langloan 35  00  @ 34 

Thorncliffe 35  00  @ 34 

Gartsherrie 35  00  (» 34  , . 

Barrow 35  00  @ 34  @ 

Thomas 35  00  @ —  @ 

Cargofleet 32  50  @ —  @ 


Lumber. 


Pine,  Fir  and  Spruce. 

RRTAIL. 

Rough  Pine,  merchantable,  40  ft $20  00 

41  to  50  ft 21  00 

51  to  60  ft 23  00 

61  to  70  ft 27  00 

1x3,  fencing 22  00 

1x4,       " 21  00 

1x3,  1x4  and  1x6,  odd  lencrths 19  00 

Second  quality 17  00 

Selected 24  00 

Clear,  except  for  flooring 31  00 

Clear  for  flooriog 2  00 

Clear  V.  Q.  No.  1  flooring 6  00 

Firewood 14  00 

Dressed  Pine,  floooring.  No.  1,  1x0. . .  32  00 

No.  1,1x4 34  00 

No.  1,  11x4,  lix6,  and  odd  sizes....  37  00 

All  sizes,  No.  2 27  00 

Stepping,  No.  1  44  00 

Stepping,  No.  2 34  00 

Ship  timber  and  plank,  rough 27  00 

Selected, planed  1  aide,  av'ge  40  ft. .  29  00 

,.         '.«       2  '*          "       "  "  ..  31  00 

«.            <•       3  <•          »      "  "  ..  33  00 

"       4  "         "       "  "  ..  35  00 

Deck  plank,  rough,  average  35  ft 35  00 

Dressed,  average  35  feet 40  00 

Pickets,  rough,  B.  M 20  00 

ixli,  4  ft  long,  ^  M 6  BO 


JOBBING. 

S17  00 

18  00 

20  00 

21  00 

19  00 

IS  00 

16  00 

16  00 

22  00 

28  Oo 

'iooo 

29  00 

30  00 

33  00 

24  00 

36  00 

25  00 

IS  00 

24  00 

26  00 

2S  00 

30  00 

32  00 

35  60 

16  00 

5  00 

Coal. 


Australian  . . . 
Liverpool  St'm 
Scotch  Splint. 


Per  Ton.  I  Per  Ton. 

7  50  @  7  75|LehighLump..  16  50@17  00 

S  50  @ jCumberland  bk  16  00@ 

9  00  @  9  OOJEgg.hard 15  50@ 


Cardiff 9  50@10  OOf 

SPOT    FROM  YARD. 


WeUington S  9  00 

Greta     S  50 

Westminster  Brymbo.    9  Oo 

Nanaimo 9  00 

Sydney 8  50 

Oilman 7  00 


Seattle 7  00 

Coos  Bay 6  00 

Cannel 12  00 

Egg,  hard 18  00 

Cumberland,  In  sacks  15  00 
do.  bulk 14  00 


New  Incorporations. 

The  following  companies  have  been  incorporated, 
and  papers  filed  in  the  office  of  the  Superior  Court, 
department  10,  San  Francisco  : 

Mother  Lode  G.  M.  Co.,  March  31.  Locatii^n, 
Calaveras  county.  Capital  stock,  $500,000.  Di- 
rectors— G.  Silberman,  J.  Silberman,   Jaraes  Grady, 

A.  Silberman  and  G.  Mahoney. 

California  Adamant  Wall  Plaster  Co., 
March  31.  Object,  to  mine  for  gypsum,  and  to 
deal  in  wall  plaster  material.  Capital  stock,  $500,- 
000.  Directors — R.  H.  Chase,  M.  Leventriti,  J. 
Y,  Miller,  Marks  Green  and  ).  R.  Jarboe, 

American  Gas  Governor  Co.,  March  31.  Cap- 
ital stock,  $100,000.  Directors — A.  Ford,  Frank- 
lin Ellis,  D,  L.  Randolph,  W.  O.  Ludovici  and  J. 
W.  Palmer. 

Oakland  Electric  Construction  Co., 
March  31.  Capital  stock,  $1,000,000.  Directors — 
Thos.  Trebell,  J.    J.  Scoville.    H.    Humphrey,    W. 

B.  Reynolds  and  J.  H.  Smith. 

Hahneman  Hospital  of  S.  F,,  March  31. 
Object,  benevolence  and  charity.  Directors — W. 
Norris,  E.  R.  Lilienthal,  W.  P.  Fuller,  Leon  Sloss, 
S.  B.  Gushing,  F.  S.  Chadbourne  and  J.  R.  Jarboe. 

Richards  Drug  Co.,  March  31.  Capital  stock, 
$250,000.  Directors— C.  F,  Richards,  M.  E.  Og- 
boom,  Paul  Lohse,  C.  Carpey  and  R.  F.  Banker. 

Gavigan  Drug  Co. — April  i.  Capital  stock, 
$10,000.  Directors — E.  Newman,  J.  W.  l^owe,  W. 
J.  Gavigan,  T.  F.  Gavigan,  J,  S.   Gavigan. 

Bush  and  Mallett  Co.  April  i,  Object,  to 
handle  apparatus  connected  with  electric  lighting 
Capital  stock,  $50,000.  Directors — H.  T.  Bush. 
J.  H.  Mallett.  Jr.,  Charles  F.  Mallett,  H.  C.  Whit- 
temore  and  A.  B.  Tennant. 


Bullion  Shipments. 

We  quote  shipments  since  our  last  and  shall  be 
pleased  to  receive  further  reports  : 

Cons.  California  and  Virginia,  March  29,  $60  038; 
Commonwealth,  April  2,  $28,000;  Justice,  2,  $5184; 
Mt.  Diablo,  2,  $9661, 


MINING    SHAREHOLDERS'    DIRECTORY. 


Compiled  bvbry  TnuasDAv  from  Advertisements  in  the  Miniko'and  Scibntific  Press  and  othbe  S.  F.  Journals 

ASSESSMENTS. 
Am't.  Levied.    Delinq't. 
■    Mar  18;.. .Apr  22..., 


Company.  Location.  No. 

Alabama  M  Co Nevada..  1,. 

Eechtel  Cons  M  Co CaJiforuia..ll.. 

Bailey  M  Co Nevada..  1., 

Butte  King  M  Co California . .  1 . . 

Confidence  8  M  Co Nevada.  .15., 

East  EeHt&  Belcher  M  Co.... Nevada 1., 

Eureka  <:oqs  Drifi  M  Co California.  .1.. 

Happy  Valley  Bl.  Graval  Co.  .Califoruia. .  .6. . 

Holmes  MCo Nevada.. 11., 

Hiinjboldt  M  Co Nevada..  ] .. 

Indian  Creek  M  Co.. California..  1.. 

Martin  White  M  Co Nevada,. 23.. 

Ma\  flower  Gravel  M  Co CaUfortjia..46.. 

±*eerle3s  M  Co Arizona..  5.. 

PotoRi  M  Co Nevada,  .34. . 

QualierGMCo California., 18.. 

titaudard  Cons.  M  Co Calif I'rnia..  2,. 

Union  Cons  M  Co Nevada.  .40.. 

Utah  Cons  MCo Nevada..  9.. 


10.. 


25,. 


..Feb  10... 
...Mar  18.. 
,.Feh  13.., 
..Mar  12.. 
.Feb  11.., 
3.. Feb  24.. 
5,. Feb  12... 
25. .Mar  16,. 
8. .Mar  18.. 
10. .Mar  12.,. 
25. .Feb  12... 
50. .Mar  8... 
10. .Mar  28... 
50  Mar  27... 
20. .Mar  8.. 
25., Mar  4.. 
25..  Mar 


Sale.     Sbcrbtart.  Place  op  Business. 

May  13,. W  H  Watson 302  Montgomery  St 

.Mar  17..., Apr  13..CC  Harvey 303  California  St 

,Apr  22..., May  13..  W  H  Watson 302  Montgomery  St 

.Mar  20, . . .  Apr  12.  .W  C  Lewis 723  Market  St 

.Adr  ie....May  7..  AS  Groch 414  California  St 

.Mar  14  —  Mar  31.. C  H  Mason 331  Montgomery  8t 

,Apr    5 Apr  28.. W  H  Kabe 224  Montgomery  St 

Mar  24 Apr  14.. DM  Kent 3d0  Pine  St 

.Apr  17 May  8    C  E  Elliott 309  Montgomery  St 

.Apr  22.... May  13.. WH  Watson 302  Montgomery  Ss 

.Apr  14. . .  .May  14. . S  C  Mills 419  California  St 

.Mar 31 Apr  30,. A  B  Cooper 325  Montgomery  St 

.Apr  10 May  l..JMorizio 328  Montgomery  St 

Apr  30....  June  9.. A  Waterman 308  Moutfeomery  St 

Apr  30. . .  ,May  21 .  .C  E  Elliott 309  Montgomery  St 

.Apr    5...  May  5..A  Cheminaut 328  Mootgomery  St 

.Apr  14.... May  19..  J  W  Pew 31U  Pine  St 

.Apr  10. ...Apr  30..J  M  Buffington 303  Cahfornia  St 

.Apr  17...  May  5..AHFiBh 309  Montgomery  St 


25.. Mai-  11., 
MEETINGS  TO  BE  HELD. 

Name  op  OoMPAsr.  Looation,    Secretary  Opfiob  in  8.  P.  MssTiNa  Date 

Bulwer  Cons  M  Co California.. L  Osborn , 3G9  Montgomery  St Annual Apr   9 

Cahfornia  Irotj  &;  Steel  Co California.. F  Eonacina 438  California  St Annual.. Apr  21 

(.'arbon  Coal  Co EG  Knapp 407  California  St Aunual Apr  17 

Coos  Bay.  Oregon,  Coal  Co WV Him tington.. Fourth  aod  TownsendSts Auoual Apr   9 

Live  Oak  Drifo  Gravel  Co California.,  J  Morizio 328  Montgomery  St Annual Apr  15 

Kussel  Reduction  i:  M  Co CaIiforiiia..J  Morizio 328  Montgomery  8t Annual Apr  21 

LATEST  DIVIDENDS— WITHIN  THREE  MONTHS. 

Name  op  Compant.  Looation.     Secbetary.  Oppioh  in  S.  F.  Amount.  Payable 

Champion  M  Co T  Wetzel 522  Montgomery  St 10 Jan  20 

Caledonia  M  C Nevada.. A  S  Chemioant 328  Montgomery  St 08 Apr  1 

Con  California  &  Va  M  Co Nevada.  .A  W  Havens 309  Montgomery  St 25 Feb  10 

Derbec  Blue  Gravel  M  Co., ,... California..!  WetzeL 522  Montgomery  St 10 Dec  23 

Idaho  M  Co California Graas  Valley 2  50 Mar  7 

Mt  Diablo  M  Co Nevada.. R  Heath 319  Pine  St 30 Ott  25 

Pacific  Borax  Salt&  Soda  Co.  ..California.. A  H  Clough 230  Montgomery  St 1  00 Feb  10 


Mining  Share  Market. 

The  past  week  has  witnessed  more  general  activ- 
ity in  the  Comstock  mining  shares  than  since  April 
of  1889.  The  activity  has  a  far  different  appearance 
from  that  of  a  year  ago,  for  seemingly  it  has  the 
elements  of  a  market  based  on  important  work  in 
the  mines  and  stocks  being  well  concentrated.  The 
leaders  the  past  week  were  ChoUar  and  Polosi, 
which  made  a  decided  advance,  causing  many  shorts 
to  fill,  after  which,  under  manipulation,  a  bear  raid 
was  made,  sending  the  prices  down  from  20  to  35  per 
cent ;  but  toward  the  close  of  the  informal  session 
this  morning  the  market  gave  signs  of  turning  for 
the  better.  In  the  outside  stocks  there  was  very 
little  done;  the  attention  of  the  public  is  drawn  to 
the  Comstocks, 

Ophir  was  asse'ised  50  cents  a  share  the  past 
week,  while  Con.  Virginia  declared  a  dividend  of  25 
cents  per  share. 

The  street  is  filled  with  rumors  of  all  kinds — made 
to  fit  any  particular  case. 

The  most  important  information  received  this 
week  from  Virginia  City  is  that  an  agreement  has 
been  arrived  at  for  reducing  the  water  charges, 
transportation  charges,  Sutro  tunnel  royalty  and 
milling.  The  general  reduction  averages  about  50 
percent, 

From  the  Comstock  mines,  reliable  private  ad- 
vices continue  hard  10  get,  but  all  to  hand  are  con- 
firmatory of  previously  received  information.  In 
the  upraise  in  Potosi  the  ledge  is  about  five  feet 
wide,  and  a'^says  from  $40  to  $70  per  ton,  although 
about  half  of  it  goes  much  higher.  The  winze  is 
being  sunk  on  ore  that  assays  well.  Mr.  Lyman 
and  W.  E.  Sharon,  after  examining  the  Potosi  and 
ChoUar  mines,  speak  very  highly  of  the  outlook. 
The  general  tenor  of  their  reports  is  that  an  impor- 
tant ore  body  is  liable  to  be  uncovered  with  further 
work  in  the  two  mines.  They  confirm  what  has  pre- 
viously appeared  in  the  columns  of  the  Mining  and 
Scientific  Press. 

While  attention  is  drawn  to  the  middle  mines,  it 
is  well  not  to  overlook  the  fact  that  very  important 
work  is  going  on  in  the  North  End  and  Gold  Hill 
mines,  which  will  undoubtedly  lead  to  more  general 
activity  in  the  stocks  of  these  mines.  Ophir,  Mexi- 
can, Union,  Sierra  Nevada  and  Ut^h  deserve 
watching  in  the  North  End,  as  do  Overman,  Seg. 
B-lcher,  Belcher,  Crown  Point,  Yellow  Jacket  and 
Confidence  at  the  South  End. 

In  Alpha  and  Con,  Imperial,  good  work  is  being 
done.  1  he  official  letter  received  yesterday  (Wednes- 
day) from  Overman,  reports  that  in  the  incline  up- 
raise from  the  54-foot  level  they  were  in  11  feet  of 
ore  that  assays  from  $22  to  $46 ^a  ton.  In  Crown 
Point  an  improvement  is  reported  in  the  upraise 
above  the  300-foot  level,  while  in  the  winzs  below 
that  level  they  are  in  one  set  of  timber  of  good  ore 
(good  ore  assays  from  $30  to  $45  a  ton).  In  Confi- 
dence the  west  crosscut  is  reported  in  low-grade  ore. 

In  rep'y  to  a  subscriber,  we  will  state  that  Crown 
Point  milled  in  last  month  (March)  3500  tons  of  ore 
which  averaged  fully  Sry.so  per  ton,  pulp  assay,  or 
a  total  of  $61,250.  This,  when  reduced  to  bullion 
and  sold,  should  give  to  the  company  a  coin  return 
for  the  month  of  not  less  than  $45,000,  and  may  go 
over  $50,000.  This  ought  to  pay  all  running  ex- 
penses, indebtedness,  and  leave  a  surplus.  The 
full  returns  will  not  come  to  hand  until  after  the 
statement  of  April  ist. 


A  New  System  fob  Hanging  Electric 
Wires  over  the  streets  ia  proposed  by  a 
Milwaukee  electriciaD.  A  wrought-iron  arch 
will  ppan  the  street  between  every  pair  of  poles 
to  keep  them  from  carving  or  breaking,  and  to 
prevent  the  wire  from  sagging.  The  cross- 
wires  will  be  supported  by  two  properly  insa- 
lated  wires  saspeaded  from  the  arch.  Gnard 
wires  nill  be  bung  from  the  arches  parallel  with 
and  above  the  traction  wires,  so  that  if  a  tele- 
graph wire  happens  to  break  it  will  not  fall  on 
the  heavily  charged  wire. 

The  Dfraeility  of  Yellow  Pine  for  floor- 
ing, eays  the  Northwe$tern  LumberTnan,  ia 
shown  by  an  inatance  in  which  a  saw-manu- 
facturing concern  five  years  ago  put  a  long-leaf 
pine  floor  in  its  factory,  which  is  as  sound  now 
as  when  put  down,  the  manager  of  the  concern 
declaring  that  if  white  pine  had  been  aaed  it 
would  not  have  lasted  more  than  a  year  on  ac- 
count of  the  wear  of  constant  rolling  saws  over 
it^  the  teeth  catting  into  the  soft  wood. 

A  Multiple    Color   Press  is    saccessfally 

used  which  will  print  a   daily  newspaper   in  a 

dozen  di£fareDt  colors   at  the  rate  of    30,000 
copies  aa  hoar. 


Table  of  Lowest  and  Highest  Sales  in 
S.  P.  Slock  Exchange. 


Najub  of 

OOMPANT. 


Alpha 

Alta 

Andes 

Beloher 

Best  &  Belcher.... 

Bullion 

Bodie  Con 

Bulwer 

Commonwealth  , . . 
Oon.  Va.  &Oal.... 

Challenge 

ChoUar 

Confidence 

Cod.  Imperial 

Caledonia 

Crown  Point 

Crocker 

Del  Moote 

EurenaUoD 

Exohequer 

Grand  Prize 

Gould  &  Curry.... 
Hale  &  NorcroaB.. 

Julia 

Justice 

Kentuck 

Lady  Wash 

M  one 

Mexican 

Navajo 

North  Belle  iBle... 

Nev.  Queen 

Occidental 

Ophir 

Overman 

PotoBl 

PeerleBB 

Peer 

Savage 

S.B.&M 

Sierra  Nevada. , . . . 

Silver  Hill 

Scorpion 

Union  Con 

Utali 

7ellow  Jacket 


1.20 

.■15 

1.40 

2.55 

50 


2.50 
4.25 
1.30 
2  110 
3.25 


Week 
Ending 
Mat.  13. 


15 
2.55 
4.15 
1.25 
2.0U 
275 
.30 
.15 
1.50 


85 

3.75 

.45 


.6S 
l.-lO 
2.40 

i'46 
.75 


2  85 
25 

1.00 
60 
30 

3.60 
95 

1.70 
20 
20 

1.45 

1.25 

2.05 
30 
20 

2.10 
.45 

1.90 


Week 
Ending 

Mar.  20 


1.2u 

.4P 

1.60 

2.60 


.85 
l.lO 

.40 

1.40 

2.50 

HO 


2.60 

4.15 

1.15 

2.10 

2.75 

35 

20 

1.50 

25 


3.50 

.45 

55 

1.30 

2.25 

i;25 
,75 
30 


2.90 

25 

1.00 

70 


1  45 
1.20 
2.00 


Endino 
Mar.  27. 


2.05  2.75 

3.00  3.75 

1.10  1.30 

.50  .60 

.20  .... 

2  60  2,80 

4.40  4.95 

"  1.90 

3.20  5.80 

3. no  4.00 

40  .45 

25  .3-. 

2.05  2  65 

25  .;-5 

95  1.10 


45 
60 

1.25 
30 
35 

1.30 
75 
30 
.30 

2.85 
25 


1.3t 

.75 

.85 

4.10 

1.05 

3.80 


20 
1  50 
1.00 
2.00 
30 
15 
2.10 
.45 
1.90 


Week 
Ending 
Apr.  3. 


l.CO    1.40 
1.20    1.45 


.55 


.65 


I  .70 

I  .65 

I  2.15 

2.80  3.55 

I  .FO 

1.35  1.70 

80  1.00 

,25  .30 

.35  .40 

3.25  3.95 

r.io  i".26 

60  .65 

1.00  1.25 

4.15  4.70 

1.10  1  45 

4.4fl  5.50 

20  .... 

20  .... 

1.80  2.60 

1.35  1.75 

\3il  2.80 

35  .50 

,25  .... 

2.30  2.75 

50  .85 

20  2.75 


'Sales  at  San  Francisco  Stock  Exchange., 


Thursday,  Apr.  3,9:30  a.m.    450 
570 

200  Alta 1.15    420 

40O  AnatB 60c  llOJ 

WOO  Alpha 1.10  .150 

200  Baltimore 35c    450 

1185  Belcher 2.25    820 

1000  B.  i  Belcher 3.15    350 

1300  BulUon l.Oi    200 

1970  ChoUar 4.25  2980 

200  Commonwealth 2.75  1500 

850  CrowD  Point 2  15    MO 

400  Con.  linperiaL 40c  1430 

3=^0  OoQ.  CaL  &  Va 4  5,t    380 

50  Del  moot l.lo    100 

700  Exchequer 65c    90O 

9=0  G.&C 1.80  1070 

800  Hale&  Nor 3.00  1250 


Julia 35c 

Justice '. 1 .25 

Mexican  .,..3.35 

New  York 35c 

N.  Belle  Is 1.10 

Occident 1.10 

Ophir 4.10' 

Overman 1.30 

Peer 20c 

Potosi 4.40' 

Savage 2.25 

Scorpion   , , ;i5c 

S.B.&M 1.40 

SierraNevada 2.40 

Silver  HiU 45c: 

Utah 65c 

Union 2.35 

Yellow  Jacket 2.20' 


Testing  and  Working  Silver  Ores 

A  VAT.UABLE  BOOK 

An  illustrated  work  of  114  pa2:es,  for  miners  and  proB- 
pectors,  bj'  Clias.  H.  Aaron.  Mr.  Aaron  has  manag;ed 
to  pive  many  useful  hinta  and  suggestions,  free  from 
all  technicalities,  and  in  such  a  style  aa  to  be  easily 
comprehended.  It  is  written  for  the  miner,  with  no 
chemical  symbols  or  metallurgical  technicalities  to  con- 
fuse those  who  are  not  chemists  or  metallurgists.  The' 
following  summary  of  the  contents  of  the  work  will  give 
an  idea  of  it3  scope. 

Under  the  heading  of  the  first  chapter,  "Testing  Ores' 
for  Silver,'  we  find  paragraphs  on  ore  formation,  test  for 
silver,  with  heat  and  water,  acid  or  blow  pipe.  In  speak- 
ing of  testing  for  a  process,  the  extent  and  richness  of 
ore  is  considered,  smelting  ores,  selecting  and  working 
samples,  appliances  for  testing,  roasting,  etc.  Under' 
the  head  of  "Working  Ores"  tb€  author  describes  Aaron's 
process,  has  something  to  say  of  superheated  steam,  pre- 
paration of  dichloridc  of  copper  and  protochloride  of  cop- 
per, use  of  copper  and  iron,  quantity  of  chemicals,  car- 
bonate of  lime,  chloride  ores,  amalgam,  Patchen's  pro- 
cess, etc.  He  also  describes  the  methods  of  working 
roasted  ores,  treatment  of  base  metals,  stirring,  heat^of 
furnace,  want  of  sulphur,  etc.  Under  the  head  of 
"Leaching  Processes"  are  the  titles  Smelting,  Mcxicani 
process,  Chilean  process,  Kroehnke's  process,  etc.  Under 
"Pu]\'^rizing  Machines"  are  described  the  arastra  and  its^ 
construction  and  operation,  stamp  batteries,  screens,, 
Crocker'strip-hammer  battery,  Paul's  pulverizing  barrel,, 
Kendall's,  battery,  Noice's  pulverizer,  a  cheap  rock 
bre.iker,  etc. 

In  speaking  of  amalgamators  the  author  describes  a- 
cheap  amalgamator,  grioding  the  ore,  directions  for  mak' 
ing  a  barrel,  preventing  mechanical  wear,  use  of  quick' 
silver,  copper  in  bars,  Freiberg  barrel,  cheap  barrel 
trough,  barrel  on  rollers,  Aaron's  amalgamator,  separ- 
ator, etc. 

He  describes  an  improvised  retort,  roasting  furnace, 
furnace  tools  and  furnace  building.  Among  the  miscella- 
neous mention  may  be  found  Aaron's  leaching  apparatus, 
with  two  or  three  different,  arrangements,  a  small  mill, 
sampling  tailings,  and  settling  tanks,  dichloride  of  cop- 
per, etc.  Mr.  Aaron  is  a  practical  miner,  of  long  working 
e.\perience  on  this  coast. 

Price,  post  free,  §2.00.  Sold  by  Dewey  &  Co.,  Publish- 
ers, 2-20  Market  St. 


Apbil  5,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


243 


Oar  Agents. 

OOR  PuiHM  oui  do  much  Id  kid  of  oar  pAper  ftod  Um 
cftOM  of  practical  IcDuwIedge  uid  science,  oy  uhIMIoc 
AKeot9  Id  their  labor*  of  auavanlD^,  by  lendlai;  their  tn- 
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but  worthy  lueD. 

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CL  J.  WAi>i-~Sat>  Uvruanlioo  Co. 

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CiiAH.  H.  Muour-UresoD. 

U.  Q.  Parhokh— WaahlDgton. 

T.  J.  May— WashliitrtOD. 

B.  Q.  HUBTOM— Mod  tana. 

Attention,    Southern    California 
Miners. 

WORKS    FOR    SALE. 

The  Works  are  situated  at  Daggeit,  Cal.,  in  the 
Calico  Mining  District,  and  on  the  side-track  of  the 
Atlantic  and  Pacific  Railroad.  They  contain  a  first- 
class  so-horse  power  Engine  and  45-horse  power 
boiler,  with  Ore  Crusher  and  other  machinery,  Mill 
Scales,  Assaying  Outfit,  etc.,  all  nearly  new.  Also 
upon  the  premises  an  ofhce  building  and  a  comfort- 
able dwelling-house  (portable).  The  abovp  c-in  be 
bad  at  a  bargain.  Apply  to  GILLISPY  &  CHILDij, 
123  Califoniia  St.,  San  Francisco. 


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AT  TUK  LABBL  ON  YODK  PAPKR. 


It  is  marvelona  that  the  cyclone  killed  only 
100  people  In  Lsuisville,  Such  storms  have 
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The  city  ia  to  be  congratalated  upon  its  escape. 


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Books  on  Working  Ores. 

By  Guido  Kustel,  M.  E. 

ROAHTiNO  or  Gold  ASDSTL\'Ka  Oi  K8  (Sucoiui  Ktlition)antt 

tho   Extraction   of   tlioir   Rcspcctivu   ML-tnls   without 

yoicksilver.     By  Gi'ido  Kcstkl,  il.  E.     1S80. 

Tliis  r;iru  book  on  the  treatment  of  Rold  and  Hilvcr  ore 

without  nuickoilvor  i»  liberally  illiuitrated  and  crammed 

fullcf  fixer*.     It  ^nven  short  and  concl-^e  descriptions  of 

vnriouH  processes  and  apparatus  i;iuployed  in  this  tjountry 

and  in  Kuropc,  and  thewhyand  wherefore.    It  contains  158 

l«i'<i.' I,  L'uibraeiii^'  lllu-itratious  of  furnacrs,  supidenients 

and  working;  apjiurattiH.     It  ie  a  work  of  jjrcat  iiierit,  by 

an  author  whose  n  putation  is  unsur|>rvHsud  in  his  »]iecialty 

Pkuk,  §3,  coin,  postatfe  free.    Sold  by  Drwkv  ii  Co.,  Pub- 

lUliers,  2iO  M&rKct  St.,  San  Fraucisco,  Cal. 

By  C.  H.  Aaron. 

Aaron'b  LRACiiiHd  Gold  and  Silvbk  Otigs,  tho  most 
complete  hand-book  on  the  subject  extant;  164  po^os 
octavo.  Illustrated  by  12  litliogn*aphic  engrovinga  and 
four  wood  cuts.  Fully  indexed.  Plaiolv  written  for 
practical  men.    In  cloth,  S3.    Sold  bv  Drwkv  Sl  Co.,  S.  F, 


AMERICAN    MINING   AND  STOCK  CODE 

"KELLOGRAPH." 

Indispensable  to  the  Mlnlner  Profeaalon  and 
Useful  in  all  Business  Tranaactlons. 

A  Complete  System  of  Tranamittioer  Telegraphic  Mes- 
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OVER   35,000   WORDS  AND  SENTENCES 

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No  danger  of  publicity  in  telej^raphing  matters  con- 
cerninc  operation  or  eale  of  miniug  property.  The  work 
strictly  alphabetical  and  classifled.  The  handiest  work 
ever  puhlishod  for  mlnint^  operators. 

PRICE,  ^.     Forwarded  postpaid  on  receipt  of  price  by 

DEWEY  &  CO., 

220  MARKET  STREET,  SAN  FRANCISCO. 


ESTABLISHED    1868. 


Pacific  Chemical  Works. 

HENRY    G.    HANKS, 

Practical  and  Indostrial  Gbemist,  Assayer 

and  Geologist,  i~^^- 

718  MONTGOMERY  ST.,        -        SAN  FRANCISCO. 

I^Will  report  on  the  conditloo  and  value  of  any  mlnlDg  property  on 
the  Pacific  Coast.  Rare  Chemicals  mode  to  order.  Instruotions  given  in 
Asaayinz  and  Practical  Chemistry 


HOISTING  ENGINES  FOR  MINES 


1,2,  or  4  Drums,  with  Reversible  Link 
Motion  or  Pat.  Improved  Friction. 


MADE  ONLY   BY  THB 


LIDGERWOOD  MT'G  CO.. 

96  Liberty  St.,  New  York. 

34  and  88  West  Monroe  St.,  Chlcaeo. 

197  to  203  Congress  St,  Boston. 

PACIFIC    COAST    AGENTS, 

PARKE  &  LACY  CO.,  San  Francisco. 

Send  for  Catalog:ue. 


H.  D.  MORRIS, 
220  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco, 

MANUFACTDRERS'  and  PnHCHASINS  AGENT. 

Special  atteotlc*  given  to  purchase  of 

MINE  and  MILL  SUPPLIES. 

ADAMANTINE  SHOES  AND  DiES.— Guar- 
anteed  to  prove  better  and  cheaper  than  any  otherF. 
Orders  solicited,  aublect  to  above  conditions. 

H.  D.  MORRT,«*- 


SOLB   AGENT  FOR 


LRnSHER  PLATES, 

— AND— 

Chrome    Cast    Steel  for 

Rook  Drills,  Etc. 


AnAIHAHTTIMK. 


Daj's  Improved  Quartz  Stamp  Mill. 

This  Mill  is  designed  for  the  Prospector,  the  Assayer  and 
Sampler  of  Gold  and  Silver-bearing  rock.  It  is  a  perfect  miil, 
built  entirely  of  metals,  and  of  the  best  mechaDical  construc- 
tion; will  amalgamate  perfectly  in  the  battery  or  on  ^jlates. 
It  strikes  a  sharp,  heavy  blow  with  a  lighistamp.  Shipping 
weight,  225  lbs.    Price  S75.    Address 

P.  O.  Box  231,  Cfaico,  Butte  Co.,  Cal. 

N.  B.— Chappakell.  Butte  Co.,  Cal.,  Nov.  10,  ISSft.— Mr.  Jas. 
Day,  Chico:  The  little  mill  is  a  daisy;  it  comes  up  to  all  ex- 
pectations: it  works  perfect  in  all  respects.    Yours  truly, 

Walkee,  Reese  &  Co.    * 


PERFECTED 

DOUBLE 


Attached  to  each  Mill 
il  an  effective 

Automatic  Ore 
Feeder. 

THE  CRUSHING  la  done  by  the  rapid  rocking  movement  in  opposite  directions  oI 
bwo  heavy  castings,  the  bottoms  of  which  are  slightly  circular  in  form,  and  each  provided  with 
our  shoes. 

The  Mill  is  a  closer  Gold-Saver  and  catches  a  larger  percentage  of 
the  Clean-up  in  the  Battery  than  any  other  Mill. 

It  costs  leas,  in  proportion  to  what  it  will  do,  than  any  other  mill.  There  are  no  working 
parts  to  buy  for  it,  no  matter  how  long  it  is  used,  except  shoes  and  dies.  Capacity  of  Mill,  g 
to  10  tone  per  day.     Weight  of  Mill,  complete,  6400  pounds. 

We  niannfacture,  to  go  with  the  Mill,  an 

IMPROVED    ROOK    BREAKER. 

Power  required  for  Mill  and  Rock  Breaker,  6  H.  P.     Send  for  Ciboolar.    Address 


TATUM  &  BOWEN 


34  and  36  FREMONT  ST.,  SAN    PRANOISOO,    OAL., 

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To  Run  your   Mills,   Hoists   and   Trams. 

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134  MAIN    ST,    SAN   FRANCISCO,    CAL. 


The  Explorers'  and  Assayers' 
Companion. 

A  Xliird  Edition  of  selected  portions  of  the 

"  JSxplorers',  Miners',  and  Metal^ 

lurgists*  Companion." 

A  practical  expoaition  of  the  various  departmenta  of 
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Price,  §6.00  post-paid.  Sold  by  Dbwky  &  Co.,  Publish- 
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By  J.  S.  PHILLIPS,  M.  E. 

The  work  is  divided  into  four  parts — Rocks,  Veins, 
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formations.  Tho  chapters  on  mineral  veins  are  derived 
from  long  observation,  and  the  section  on  exploration 
has  beeo  carefully  coosidered.  All  that  relates  to  die- 
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from  formula]  as  possible,  The  work  is  written  for 
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are  clear  and  to  the  point.  It  is  bo  prepared  that  it  la 
useful  to  uueducatcd  men  aa  well  ag  scientists. 


FOR   ENGRAVINuS  Dewey   BugxftTing   Com. 
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242 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[April  5,  18S0 


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A  Practical  Manual  of  Minerals,  Mines  and 
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By  Prof.  H.  S.  Osborn,  LL.  D.  lUusirated  by  171  en- 
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The  Assaters'  Manual.  An  Abridged  Treatise 
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LIFE  SCHOLARSHIPS,  $75. 
No  Vacations.  Day  and  Evening  Shssiobs 

Ladies  admitted  into  all  Departments. 
Address:    T.  A.  ROBINSON,  M.  A .  Fiesldent. 


HEALDS 


BUSINESS     OOLLBGE, 

24  POST  ST..  8.  F. 

FOB  SEVENTY-FIVE  DOX.I1ABS  THIS 
College  instructB  In  Shorthand,  Type  Writing,  Book- 
Keeping,  Telegraphy,  PenmRnBhlp,  Drawing,  all  the  £n- 
^Usn  branches,  and  everything  ptirtalnln^  to  buelneas, 
for  elx  lull  months.  We  have  aistaen  teachers,  and  give 
iDdividoal  ioBtruction  to  all  our  pupils.  Oar  school  hat 
Its  graduates  in  every  part  of  the  State. 

jir^BHD  FOR  ClBftniiAB. 

B.  P.  HEALD,  PresideDft. 
O,  8.  HALKT,  SficTAHrv. 


3xro3xr  -  TT3xrio3xr 

IRON  MOULDERS  WANTED 

RISDON  IRON  WORKS, 

San  Francisco. 


INVENTORS,     TAKE       NOTICE  I 

u.  petersonTmodel  maker, 

258  Market  St.,N.  K  cor.  Front  (up  fltalrs),  San    Fraucsico 
Experimeijtal  machinerj-  and  all  kiuda  of  models.  Tin 
and  brasawork.    All  communications  strictly  cojifiden- 
tial. 


PACIFIC    ROLLING   MILL 


UP   TO    20,000   LBS,    WEIGHT. 

Trne  to  pattern  and  superior  In  strenstb,  touErbness  and  durability  to  Oast  or  Wrouvbt 
Iron  In  any  position  or  for  any  service. 

GEARINGS,  SHOES,  DIES,  CAMS,  TAPPETS,  PISTON-HEADS,  RAILROAD  and  MA- 
CHINERY CASTINGS  of  Every  Description. 


HOMOGENEOUS  STEEL. 


SOFT  and  DUCTILE, 


SUPERIOR  TO  IRON  FOR 


LOCOMOTIVE  AND  MARINE  FORCINGS. 

ALSO  Steel  Rods,  from  i  to  3  inch  diameter  and  Flats  trom  1  to  8  Inch.  Angles,  Tees,  Channels  and  other  shape 
Steel  Wagon,  Buggj-,  and  Truck  Tires,  Plow  Steel;  Machinery  and  Special  Shape  Steel  to  size  and  lengths 
STEEL  KAILS  from  12  to  45  pounds  per  yard.  ALSO,  Kallroad  and  merchant  Iron,  Rolled 
Beams,  Angle,  Clianncl,  and  T  iron.  Bridge  and  Machine  Bolts,  Lag  Screws,  Nuts,  Washers,  Ship  and  Boat 
Spikes;  Steamboat  Shafts,  Cranks,  Pistons,  Connecting  Rods,  etc  Car  and  Locomotive  Axles  and  Frames, 
and  Iron  Forgings  of  all  kinds,  Iron  and  Steel  Bridge  and  Roof  Work  a  Specialty. 

HIGHEST  PRICE  PAID  FOR  SCRAP  IRON  AND  STEBI.. 

tM"  Orders  will  have  prompt  attention.     Send  for  Catalogues.     Address 

PACIFIC  ROLLINO  HILI  CO.,  202  Market  St.,  San  Fraiici«!0. 


FULTON     IRON    WORKS, 

HINCKLEY.  SPIERS    &    HAYES.  Proprietors. 


[ESTABLISHED    IN    1855.] 


S^xi    X*xr^xxolfiioo. 


-MANUFACTDRBHfl     OF^ 


TUSTIN'S    PULVERIZER. 


MARINE  ENGINES  AND  BOILERS.- 
Propeller  Engines,  either  High  Pressure  or  Compound, 
Stern  or  Side- wheel  Engines. 

MINING  MACHINERY.— Hoisting  Engines  and 
Works,  Cages,  Ore  Buckets,  Ore  Cars,  Pumping  Engines 
and  Pumps,  Water  Buckets,  Pump  Columns,  Air  Com- 
pressors, Air  Receivers,  Air  Pipes. 

MILL.  MAOHINERY.-Batterlea  (or  Dry  or  Wet 
Crushing,  Amalgamating  Pans,  Settlers,  Furnaces,  Re- 
torts, Concentrators,  Ore  Feeders,  Rock  Breakers,  Fur- 
naces for  Reducing  Ores,  Water  Jackets,  etc 

MISCELLANEOUS  MACHINERY. -Flour 
Mill  Machinery;  Saw  Mill  Engines  and  Boilers,  Dredging 
Machinery,  Powder  Mill  Machinery,  Water  Wheels. 

Tustin's  Pulverizer 

WORKS  ORE  WET  OR  DRY. 


ENGINE860ILER8 

OF    ALL    KINDS, 

Slither  for  nee  on  Steamboats  or  for  use  on  Land. 

Water  Pipe,  Pump  or  Air  Colnmm,  FiBh 
Tanks  for  Salmon  Canneries 

OF   BVBRT   DS8CR1PTI0N. 

Boiler  Repairs  Promptiy  attended  to  and  at  very  moaerale  rates. 

AQBNTS  FOR  THB  PACIFIC  COAST  FOR  THB 

X>eci.x3.e   Ste£incL  X'xi.zxx'p. 

SPECIALTtES : 

Corliss  Engrlnes  and  Tnstin  Ore  PnlTerlzers.  DEANB    STEAM    PUMP. 

Agents  and  Manufacttirers  of  tlie  Llewellyn  Peed  Water  Purifier  and  Heater. 


THE  GIANT  POWDER  COMPANY 

Manufacture  Three  Kinds  ol  Powder,  wliich  are  acknowledged  by  all  the  Great  Chemiata  of  the  World  as 

The  Safest  and  Strongest  High  Explosives  in  the  Market. 

ox.^sarar   i»o-v\7"i>e3h  or  xj-s'Kr.A.iMiTE!, 

Of  Different  Strengths  as  Bequlred. 

NOBEL'S    EXPLOSIVE     GELATINE,"    which  contains    94   per  cent  of  Nltro-OIycerlne,  and 

GELATINE-DYNAMITE,  Stronger  than  Dynamite  and  even  Safer  in  Handling. 

JUDSON  POWDER  IMPROVED. 

FOB  BAIIiBOADS  AND  LAND  CI-EARING.  la  from  three  to  four  times  stronger  than  ordinary  Blast- 
ing Powder,  aiid  is  used  by  all  the  Railroads  and  Gravel  Claims,  as  it  breaks  more  ground,  pulverizes  better  and 
saves  time  and  money.     It  ia  as  dry  as  the  ordinary  Blasting  Powder  and  runa  as  freely. 

BANDMANN,  NIELSEN  &  CO., 

GAPS  »nrt  UTISE  for  Salo  QENEKAL  AQBNTS,  «AN  FRANCISCO    OAL. 


QUARTZ  SCREENS 


A  specialty.  Round,  slot 
or  burred  slot  holes.  Gen- 
uine Russia  Iron,  Homo- 
geneous Steel,  Cast  Steel  or 
American  planished  Iron, 
Zinc,  Copper  or  Brass  Screens  for  all  purposes.  Cali- 
fornia Perforatin?  Screen  Co.,  145  &  147  Beale  St ,  S.  P. 


COAL  MINES  OF  THE  WESTERN  COAST. 

A  few  copiea  of  this  work,  the  only  one  ever  published 
treating  of  Pacific  Coast  Coal  Mining,  have  been  ob- 
tained, and  are  for  sale  at  thie  office  for  $2.50  per  copy. 
It  was  written  by  W.  A.  Goodyear.  Mining  and  Civil 
Engineer,,  formerly  of  the  California  State  Geological 
Survey. 


N.  W.  SPAULDING 

Manufaoturers  of 
SPAULDING' S 

Inserted  Tootb 

AND 

CHISEL    BIT 

CIKCULAB 

Saws. 

SAW  MILLS   AND   MACHINERY 

Of  all  kinds  made.to  order.    Send  for  Desorlptlve  Cata 
logne.    17  and  19  Fremont  St.*  San  Franolaoe 


Irop  apd  ^achipe  hh 


CALIFORNIA    MACHINE   WORKS, 

WM.  H.  BIRCH  &  CO., 

ENGINEERS     AND     MACHINISTS. 


No.  119  Beale  St., 


San  Francisco. 


BUILDSRB  OK 

Steam  Enuinea,  Saw  Mills,  Mining  Machinery,  Dredging 
Machines,  Rock  Crushers,  Cable  Railway  Machinery, 
Ellithorp  Air  Brake  Co. 's  Patent  Steam  and  Hydraulic 
Elevators,  Air  Cushions  and  Air  Brakes.  POSITIVE 
SAFtTIES.  Improved  Ram  Elevators,  Sidewalk  and 
Hand  Hoists.  B.  £.  Henrickaon'a  Patent  Automatic 
Safety  Catches. 

QXacliineB  of  all  kinds  Made  and  Repaired. 
Orders  Solicited. 


UNION    IRON   WORKS, 

SAOBAMENTO,  OAL. 

BOOT,    NBILSON     &    CO., 

HAmrFAOT0RBK8   OF 

Steam     Engines,    Boilers, 

AMD  ALL  KINDS  OP 

MACHINERY  FOR  MINING  PURPOSES. 

FlourlQK  Mills,  Saw  Mills  and  Quartz  Mills  Hachinery 

construated,  fitted  up  and  repaired. 
8'ront  St.,  bel.  N  &  O  Sta,,         SacramentOi  Oal. 


Golden  State  &  Miners  Iron  Works. 

Macnfactnre  Iron  Oastlnge  and  Uaoblner; 
of  all  Kinds  at  Greatly  Bednced  Bates. 

STEVENSON'S  PATENT 

Mold-Board  AMALGAMATORS, 
Golden  State  Pressure  Blowers. 

first  St.,  between  Howard  aFoIeom,  S.  F. 


THOMAS  THOMPSON 


THORNTON  THOMPSON 


THOMPSON    BROTHERS. 

EUREKA    FOUNDRY, 

29  and  131  Beale  St.,  between  MiSBion  and  Howard,  S.F 

HANDPAOTURBRS  0?  OASTINOB  OP  BTHRT  DlSORIPTlOIf. 


Mining    Engineers. 


W.  A.  GOODYEAR, 

Oivil    and    Mining    Engineer, 

MININQ  EXPERT  AND  OBOLOQIST. 
Address  "  Business  Box  A,"  office  of  this  paper,  San 
Francisco. 


ROSS   E.  BROWNE, 

Mining  and  Hydraulic  Engineer, 

No.  307  Sansomb  St.,  San  Francisco. 


Tioga  District  Mining  Company, 

Incorporated  June  11, 1889.    Capital  Stock,  $10,000,000. 

BUY  AND  SELL 

California  Gold,  Silver,  Quicksilver,  Copper 

and  Liead  Mines 

OF    ASCERTAINED    VALUE. 

Office,  No.  IS  PAREOTT'S  BUILDING,  N.  W. 

Corner  of  California  and  Montgomery  Streets, 

SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 

WM.  B.  WIGHTMAN,  Prea.      WM.  H.  V.  CRONISE,  Sec. 


FOR  SALE  CHEAP. 


One  new  double  circular  Sawmill  to  carry  60-inch  bot- 
tom saw,  with  wiought-iiOD  bangers  for  top  saw.  Fric- 
tion feed-works,  patent  steel  screw  double-throw  head- 
blocks,  with  track  iron,  saw  carriage  and  frame  complete. 

RISDON  IRON  &  LOCOMOTIVE  WORKS, 

San  FranclBCO,  Oal. 


VAN   DUZEN'S 

STEAMjetPUMP 

For  MILLS,  FACTORIES,  SHOPS,  ETC. 

JPoi'  ElevatiiiS'  aiiid  Conveying?  Iji<|uiclH. 
For  £:iupt.Tlii(;  I'it**.  Sinks,  CesMiMMilH,  etc*, 

mid  OH  u  I-'ire  fump. 
10  Sizes.  $7  to  $75.  Every  Pamp  warranted. 

"Write  for  Descriptive  Pump  Circular,  v 

VAN    DUZEN   &.  TIFT,  CINCINNATI,  O. 


TUBBS  CORDAGE  CO. 

(A  Corporation.) 

Constantly  on  hand  a  full  asaortment  of  Manila  Rope, 
Duplex  Rope,  Tarred  Manila  Rope,  Hay  Rope,  Whale  Line, 
etc,  etc. 

£xtra  sizes  and  lengths  made  to  order  on  short  notice. 

611  &  613  Front  St.,  San  Francisco,  CaL 


April  5,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


243 


PROVED    BELT    FRUE   ORE  CONCENTRATOR. 


The  Beat  Ore  Concentrator  in  the  market,  having  double 
the  Capacity  and  doing  its  work  aa  oloae  as  the  plain  Belt 
machine,  while  its  concentrations  are  clean.  It  is  used  in 
a  number  of  Mills,  the  most  notable  of  which  is  the 
Alaska  M.  &  M.  Go's  Mill,  where  24  Improved  Belt  Froea 
are  taking  the  Palp  from  120  Stamps,  crushing  ^0  tons 
per  day,  and  is  giving  entire  eatisfactioQ  aa  against  48 
plain  Belt  Machinea,  taking  the  Pulp  from  the  other  120 
Stamps, 

Price  of  Improved  Belt  Frue  Vanner,  $900,  f.  o.  b. 
Price  of  Plain  Belt   Frue  Vanner,  $575,  f.  o,  b. 


For  Pamphlets,  Testimonials  and  farther  iaformation 
apply  at  office. 


Protected  by  Patents  December  22,  1874;  September  2, 
1879;  April  27,  1S80;  March  22.  1881;  February  20,  1883; 
September  18,  1883;  July  24,  1888.     Patents  applied  for. 


There  are  Over  2200  Plain  Belt  Machines  now 
in  Use. 

Thb  Moktaka  COMPAJiT  (Lfmltotl),  London,  October  8. 1885. 
Drar  Sirs  :— HavinR  tcfited  three  of  your  Frue  Vaotiers  in  a  com- 
petitive trial  with  other  similar  machines  (Triumph),  we  have  safiBfiod 
oureolvcflof  tho  BUperiority  of  your  Vaiiuern,  as  is  evidenced  by  the 
foct  of  our  havinir  ordured  20  more  of  your  machines  (or  Imtuediato 
dehvery.     Youra  truly,         THE  MONTANA  COMPANY  (Limited). 

N.  B.— Since  the  above  was  written  the  20  Vanners,  havinn  been 
started,  grave  such  sBtisfaction  that  ii  additional  Fnies  and  more 
stamps  have  been  purchased.  ADAMS    &.    CARTER. 


ADAMS  &  CARTER,  Agents  FRUE  VANNING  MACHINE  CO.,  Room  15,  No.  132  Market  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


"TRIUMPH"  ORE  CONCENTRATOR  with  IMPROVED  RIFFLED  BELT. 


The  competitive  trials  which  have  been  held  between  the 
"  Triumph  "  Ore  ConceotratorB,  the  '*  Frue"  Vanners  and 
other  Eorma  of  coocentrating  devices,  do  Dot  warrant  the  as- 
sertion that  the  "Frue  '  Vanner  is  the  beat  ore  concentrator  in 
the  market.  The  fact  that  the  ''Frues"  have  improved  (cor- 
rof^ated)  belts  does  not  militate  against  the  eaperiority  of  the 
"Triumphs;"  for,  when  desired,  they  (the  "Triumphs")  can 
be  mounted  with  a  superior  belt  known  as  the  ''  Blasdel  " 

Riffled.  

Price  "  Triumph  "  Concentrators,  with  Im- 
proved (Patented)  Belt       -       -       -        $650  f.  o.  h. 

Price  "  Triumph "  Concentrators,  with 
Plain  Belt $550  f.  o.  h. 


We  are   prepared  to  guarantee  the  supiriority  of  the  "  Tiiumph  "  over 
the  "  Frue  "  or  any  other  form  of  Concentrator,  (or  coin  if  need  be. 
Circulars  and  testimonial  letters  furnished  on  application. 


JOSHUA  HENDY  MACHINE  WORKS. 

39  to  51  Fremont  Street,     San  Francisco,  Cal. 


Both  the  "Triumph"  Concentrator  and  "Blaadel"  (rimed) 
Belt  are  protected  by  incontestable  letters  patent,  granted 
by  the  Government  of  the  United  States. 

Original  Empire  Mill  and  Miningr  Company,  1 

Principal  Office,  401  California  Sp.,  cor.  Sansome,  S.  F.      [ 

Location  of  Works,  Grabs  Valley,  Nevada  Co.,  Cal.  J 

Grass  Vallet,  Nevada  Co.,  Cal.,  Nov.  10, 1886. 

JosJiuctHenxly  Machine  Works,  J9  to  51  Fremont  St.,  S.  F.,  Cal: 

Gentlrmkn— I  am  pleased  to  state,  in  reference  to  the  "Triumph" 
Ore  Concentrators.  Fthat  four  (4)  of  them  were  placed  in  the  mMI  of  the 
OriEinal  Emipre  Mill  and  Mininf,'  Company  in  April,  18S4,  and  a  thorough 
test  made  o£  their  practical  operjtion;  and  tiheir  efficiency  having  been 
demonstrated,  four  (4)  more  were  aubaequently  introduced  as  the  comple- 
ment of  the  Twenty  (20)  Stamp  Mill,  and  the  eight  (8j  have  been  and  are 
now  runninff  with  entirely  sQlisfactory  results. 

At  the  Ten  (10)  Stamp  M'ill  of  the  North  Star  Mining  Company,  un-ler 
my  8upervi*.ion.  four  (4)  are  also  in  successful  operation,  and  from  my 
observation  of  their  practical  workings,  I  am  convinced  that  this  form  of 
Concentrators  is  the  equal,  if  not  superior  to  any  othe'  style  of  Vaunera 
or  concentrating  devices.  DAVID  McKAY,  Jr., 

[Signed]  Sup't  North  Star  and  Original  Empire  Mining  Co. 

N.  B.  When  the  stamping  capacity  of  the  two  above  named  mills  was  in- 
creased, more  "  Triumph  "  Concentrators  were  purchased,  and  twenty- 
eight  (23)  are  now  in  constant  successful  operation. 


CALIFORNIA    WIRE    WORKS 


-MANUFACTURERS  OP- 


£:Sa?.A.:^X:>XSXXZ:X3    ISSa.        I3VrC303=»TF>ODF»..«k."I"UID    1882. 


steel  Wire  Rope, 


-OP  ALL  KINDS  FOR- 


CABLE  RAILWAYS. 

ROPEWAYS  and  TRAMWAYS, 

Mining,  Shipping  &  General  Purposes. 


WIRE, 

BARBED   WIRE, 
WIRE   NAILS, 

WIRE    OLOTH. 

Full  Assortment  Always  In  Stock, 


OPFICB; 

9  Fremont  Street,  San  Francisco. 

Send  for  Illustrated  Catalogue. 


hallidie's 
Patent  VV'RE  Ropeway, 

For  the  Economical  and  Rapid 

Transportation    of   Ore 

and  other  material. 


Erected  by  Ue  During  the  Past  Fourteen  Years  in  Spana 

200  TO  2.000  FEET. 


Simple,  Economical  and  Durable. 


TKANSPORTATION      OF      OKE      BY      HALLIDIES     PATENT    TVIKE    KOPJIWAI. 


HAVE   BEEN  THOROUGHLY  TESTED 
In  all  Parts  of  the  Country. 


Vulcan  Iron  "Works, 

135-145  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco,  Oal. 

Mining  Machinery.  Steam  Engines. 


STAMP  BATTERIES, 

PANS  AND  SETTLERS, 

ROCK  BREAKERS,  ETC.,  ETC. 


SAW-MILL  ] 

cable-road     -machinery. 
refrigeratingJ 


Special  Machinery  to  Order. 

AERIAL    WIRE    ROPEWAYS. 

(Vulcan  Patent  System) 

SINGLE,   ENDLESS    TRAVELING  ROPE. 

Elevated  on  Wooden  Poets,  from  150  to  200O  feet  apart, 
conveying  Buckota  of  Ore,  Coal,  Wood,  etc 


Ko  Possibility  of  lioad  Slipping^. 

Clieapest  Fotiu  of  Transportation. 


No  road  needed;    can  be  run  vertically.    No  power 
needed  if  angle  of  descent  be  more  than  8  degteea. 


CAN  SPAN  GUI^OHES   2000  FEET  WIDE. 


Rock  Drilling  and  Air  Compressing 
Machinery 

For  TUNNELS,  QUARRIES,  MINES,  RAILROADS 

And  Wherever  Ore  and  Eock  are  to  be  Drilled  and  Blasted. 

iar  SEUD    FOK    NEW    CATAI-OBnE    OF     1889.  "SS 


RAND    DRILL  CO., 

23  Park  Place,  New  York,  U.  S.  A. 


PERFECT  PULLEYS 

First  Premium  Awarded  at  Mechanics'   Pair,    1884. 

oxjOo?    c«3    IMC ie: :e3 js :e3 , 

Sole  Licensed  Manufacturers  of  the 

MEDAKT    PATENT    WROUGHT    RIM   PUIIEY 

For  the  States  of  California,  Oregon  and  Nevada,  and  the  Territories  of  Idaho,  Washington 

Montana,  Wyoming,  Utah  and  Arizona.      liighteat,  Strongest,  Cheapest  and 

Best  Balanced  Pulley  in  the  World.     Also  Manufacturers  of 

PAT. ooT.a,,  1881.         SHAFTING,    HANGERS    AND    APPURTENANCES, 
I^Sbnd  for  Cirodlarb  asd  Phiob  LisT.'^a 
Nob.  129  and  181  FREMONT  STBBBT  SAN    FRANOISOO,  OAL. 


246 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[April  5,  1890 


JOSHUA  HENDY  MACHINE  WORKS, 


(INCOEPORATBD   SEPTEMBER    29,    1882.) 


Nos.  39  to  51  Fremont  Street, 


San  Francisco,  OaL 


Manrfactnrers  v?'?«fc'  l^ealers  in  SECOND-HANI)  BOILERS,  ENGINES,  PUMPS  Md  MACHINERY 

OF    E^^^TTBR^Z-    ■V-A.IIIET^Z'. 

LUBRICATING  COMPOUNDS  and  OILS  of  the  Best  Makes. 
PIPE  and  PIPE  FITTINGS. 

Brass    Goods    and    Fittings. 


Steam  Pumps  of  all  Makes. 

CENTRIFUGAL    PUMPS, 

MINING    PUMPS. 


BLOWERS  AND   EXflADST  FANS. 

LEATHER  and  RUBBER 


Ljmi\rc3r. 

stationary,  Portable,  and  Hoisting 
ENGINES  and  BOILERS. 

Shafting, 

Pulleys, 

Boxes. 

Hangers. 


Hydraulic  Mining,  Quartz,  and  Saw-MUl  Machinery,  Hydraulic  Gravel 

Elevators,  Hydraulic  Giants,  "Triumph"  Ore  Concentrators, 

Automatic  Ore   Feeders. 

WOODWORKING 
MACHINERY 

COMPEISINO 

Band    Saws,    Stickers, 
Planers,  Shapers, 
^  SHINGLE  MILLS,  Etc, 

COMPOUSD    DUPLEX    PUMP. 


IMPROVED     SINGLE     AND     DOUBLE     CIRCULAR     SAW-MILLS. 

AGENTS    FOB    THE    SALE    OP 

"  Eclipse"  Corliss  Engines,  Porter  Manufacturing- Go's  Engines  and  Boilers,  "Baker"  Rotary  Pressure  Blo-wers,  "Wilbraham"  Rotary  Piston 
Pumps,  "  Hazleton"  Tripod  B-ilers,  "Jewell"  Water  Purifiers,  Buffalo  Duplex  Steam  Pvunps,  P.  Blaisdell  &  Co.'s  Machinists' Tools. 


PARKE    &    LACY  COMPANY 

IMPORTERS    AND    MANUFACTURERS    OF 

MINING,    MILL    and    GENERAL     MACHINERY. 


ENGINES,  BOILERS,  STEAM  PUMPS, 

AIR  COMPRESSORS,  ROCK  DRILLS, 
WALL'S  CRUSHINCJ  ROLLS, 

CONCENTRATORS,  PULVERIZERS. 
TURBINE  WATER  WHEELS, 

ROCK  BREAKERS,  DRY  JIGS. 

Bullock's  Diamond  Drills 


GOLDEN  GATE  CONCENTRATORS, 

GREATEST  CAPACITY  OF  ANY  CONCENTRATOR  MADE, 
One  Machine  Taking  Pulp  from  10  Stamps. 


SAW    MILLS,    MACHINE    TOOLS, 
PLANING  MILLS,  INJECTORS  and  EJECTORS 
BELTING.  PACKING,  OILS,  LUBRICATORS. 
FIRE    EXTINGUISHERS, 
CENTRIFUGAL  PUMPS 
ROTARY  PUMPS.  GANG  EDGERS, 
CAMPBELL'S    STEAM    FEEDS. 
MILL    and    MINE    SUPPLIES. 


CrHx^n:c*..A.-iL,    .A.ox:x^a?s    z*o3Ft 


WESTINGHOUSE     AUTOMATIC     ENGINES. 


COMPOUND,  5215^ 


«4  ENGINES, 
HORSE  POWEB. 


SALES    DUBINS    LAST    FOUR    MONTHS: 

RT A'N"nAT?D  ^^  engines, 

•>J  J-  J^.iM  UJ^ZXllJ,     4500  HORSE  POWER. 


TrfNTT/^T?  166  ENGINES, 

tJ  l-l  i.>l  XV^XIi,    4860  aOBSE  POWEB. 


Crrra.3^<SL    Tot«,X,    309    Xlaislzxes,    .A-SS^egAtlxxs   13.9'7S 


21  and  23  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


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413-415  HAKKET  STEEIT.  SAM  7BAHCISC0. 


VOL.    LX.- Number  15. 
DEWEY  &  CO.,  PuBLisHEne. 


SAN    FRANCISCO,    SATURDAY,  APRIL   12,    1890. 


Ttiree  Dollars  per  Annum- 
Single  Copies,  10  eta. 


Rolls  For  Working  Ore. 

For  ooDoeotrating  ores  for  anbaeqaent  metal- 
lurgical treatment,  the  oruahlog,  to  aroid  oom> 
minutloD,  wbiob  prodaoeH  sliines,  tbe  ores  moat 
be  dlaictegrated  only  to  the  extent  reqalalte  to 
nnlook  all  the  onioerals.  Tbe  coarse  craabing 
of  the  ore  la  effected  by  rock-breakers,  two 
aometlmea  being  need,  the  second  crashing  finer 
than  tbe  firat.  The  acreenings  from  the  rook- 
breakers  are  farther  comminuted  by  rolls, which, 
for  this  purpose,  are  preferable  to  atampa,  ioaa* 
moob  as  their  use  minimizes  the  amount  of 
alimes  incidental  to  crushing.  Tbe  degree  of 
the  finenesa  of  the  crushing  will  depend  on  the 
character  of  the  ore  and  the  system  of  treat- 
ment adopted.  There  are  two*  sets  of  roUa — 
the  ooari'e-cruahing  rolls  and  the  fine>cruBhing 
or  **  fioishing"  roUa.  The  types  furniahed  by 
the  Union  Iron  Worka  of  this  city  for  conoen- 
trating>mills  are  shown  in  the  accompanying 
engravings. 

The  roughing  rolls  are  geared  up  to  get  the 
power  for  oruehing  the  coarser  parts  of  the  rook 
after  it  baa  passed  throagh  the  rock-breaker. 
One  of  tbe  roUa  with  its  gear  and  pinion  is  car- 
ried on  a  sliding  frame  held  in  position  by  spiral 
iprioga,  which  in  tnm  press  against  the  cross- 
bead,  whioh  is  supported  by  the  four  heavy 
bolts  that  pass  over  to  the  opposite  roll.  The 
iprings  allow  for  any  irregularity  or  hard  rock 
that  may  get  into  them.  The  rolls  themselves 
are  supplied  with  white  iron  shells  held  in 
place  by  means  of  a  key  so  they  may  easily  be 
replaced — or  of  steel. 

All  ore  that  is  too  coarae  to  pass  through  the 
screen  In  trommel  No.  1  Is  put  throagh  the  fin- 
ishing roll,  which  reduces  it  in  size  snfiBciently 
to  pass  through  the  first  trommel.  Like  the 
roughing  roll,  one  roll  is  carried  on  a  eliding 
frame  supported  at  the  back  by  the  ateel  spiral 
aprings  as  shown  resting  againat  the  crosahead, 
and  all  supported  by  the  four  bolta.  The  rolls 
have  steel  shells  faced  and  fitted  to  place,  held 
by  an  ineide  key  aa  in  the  roughing  rolls.  There 


"WILD'S    PATENT    FINISHING    ROLLS    FOR    FINE    ORB. 


ia  a  cast-iron  hopper  with  a  screen  in  the  top 
whioh  only  admits  ore  at  a  certain  degree  of 
fineness. 

The  Placer  Mines  of  Montana  yielded  last 
year  $285,451,  divided  between  the  several 
coantiea  as  follows:  Baer  Lodge,  $94  930;  Jef- 
ferson, $79,421;  Madison,  $4100;  Meajgher, 
$58,000;  Silver  Bow,  $50,000.  The  average 
wages  paid  for  work  in  this  industry  are  $3.42 
per  day. 


A  Novel  Application  of  Water-Power. 

One  of  the  best  examples  of  the  utilization  of 
waste  water  that  haa  come  nnder  our  notice  ia 
that  recently  made  at  Wationville,  Santa  Cruz 
county,  in  thia  State.  The  CorrlUitos  Water 
Company  get  their  supply  from  the  Corrillitoa 
Creek  at  a  point  1\  milea  from  the  town.  Their 
distributing  reservoir  ia  located  1^  milea  distant 
at  an  elevation  of  90  feet.  The  water  ia  brought 
from  the  CorrilUtos  creek,  six  milea  above,  in  a 


WILD'S    ROUGHING    ROLLS    FOR    ORB. 


Id-inoh  pipe  and  dischargea  into  the  reservoir 
under  a  considerable  head. 

It  occurred  to  the  Water  Company  not  long 
ago  that  this  pressure  might  be  utilized  to  light 
the  town,  and  after  conference  with  the  Pelton 
Water  Wheel  Co.,  the  echeme  was  found  to  be 
perfectly  practicable,  and  a  contract  was  at 
onoe  entered  into  with  that  company  to  erect 
the  power  plant,  and  with  the  Thomaon-Houa- 
ton  Co.  for  the  electric  inatallation. 

The  plant  consists  of  a  4'foot  Pelton  wheel, 
whioh  runs  ander  a  pressure  of  60  pounds,  equal 
to  a  head  of  140  feet,  the  water  being  dis- 
oharged  on  to  the  wheel  through  a  2|  inch  noz- 
zle. Close  regulation  ia  afforded  by  a  deflect- 
ing nozzle  and  hydraulic  governor,  which  gives 
perfect  ateadiness  to  the  lights.  The  dynamo 
ia  a  T.  &  H.  alternating  current  whioh  rnna 
300  16  C.  P.  incandescent  lights,  the  current 
being  carried  to  the  town,  1^  miles  distant. 

The  power  thus  furniahed,  it  will  be  seen,  ia 
from  the  waste  water  that  haa  been  absolutely 
valnelesa,  and  ia  so  much  clear  gain  to  the 
company,  tbe  cost  of  operating  the  plant  being 
almost  nominal.  The  water  after  leaving  the 
wheels  falls  Into  the  reservoir,  having  been 
aerated  and  freshened  to  as  great  an  extent  aa 
though  it  had  been  dashed  over  a  cataract, 
thus  incidentally  aocompliehing  without  ex- 
penee  what  ia  so  much  needed  in  euch  oases. 

This  plant  has  been  in  encoessful  operation 
some  three  months,  and  It  is  now  proposed  to 
put  in  an  ice-machine  and  tbna  utilize  the 
power  wasted  during  the  day.  There  are 
probably  huiidreds  of  places  all  over  the  coun- 
try where  this  same  experiment  can  be  repeated 
with  oorreepondiog  results. 

Akeal  miniDgboom  is  reported  at  Pioohe. 
In  five  yeare  nineteen  millions  of  dollars  were 
taken  out  of  the  mines.  Recently  the  property 
has  passed  into  other  hands,  and  the  new  own- 
ers are  reopening  the  mines  with  good  pros? 
peota. 


248 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[April  12,  1890 


SOF^F^ESPOJ^DEJ^'CE. 

We  admit,  unindorsed,  opinions  of  correspondentg.— Eds. 


Angels,  Calaveras  County. 

A  Description  of  the  Caved  Mine. 

[From  Our  Own  Correspondent.] 

Aogele,  like  all  other  mining  camps  in  the 
State,  has  been  the  loser  this  winter  in  the  bat- 
tle with  the  elements.  At  the  present  time  an 
excess  of  water  in  the  workings  and  the  next 
to  impassable  condition  of  the  roads,  has  caused 
the  most  of  the  mines  to  close  down.  Once  the 
weather  becomes  settled,  operations  will  be  re- 
sumed on  a  more  esteneive  scale  than  in  the 
past  season;  large  mills  and  additional  chlorina- 
tion  works  will  be  erected,  and  Angels  con- 
tinae  to  forge  ahead. 

The  TJtlca. 
This  mine  is  the  property  of  Messrs.  Hay- 
ward,  Hobart  &  Lane,  with  Mr,  C  B.  Lane  as 
superintendent,  and  Mr.  C.  A.  Lillie  foreman, 
Messrs.  Lane  &  Lillie  are  both  old  and  practi- 
cal miners.  The  fine  60  stamp  mill  with  its  24 
Ffue  concentrators,  the  hoists,  complete  chlo- 
rination  works,  water-power,  air-compressors, 
power-drills,  sawmill,  and  everything  in  and 
about  the  property,  show  the  ability  of 
the  managers..  The  vein  is  large  (25  to  30  feet) 
and  the  mine  may  be  called  a  low-grade  propo- 
sition, worked  on  a  necessarily  large  scale. 
The  stamp-mill  is  crushing  Si  tons  per  stamp 
every  24  hours,  or  200  tons  per  day.  By  rea- 
son of  the  large  amount  of  ore  handled  and  the 
economy  in  operating,  the  mine  is  a  paying 
property.  At  the  present  time  the  north  shaft 
ifl  need.  This  has  a  perpendicular  depth  of  530 
feet.  The  ore  is  conveyed  from  the  200  and  300- 
foot  levels.  Eighty  to  100  men  are  in  tho  com- 
pany's employ,  with  wages  from  $2  50  to  $3  per 
day. 

The  Cave. 
The  cave,  by  which  17  men  lost  their  lives, 
has  been  the  subject  of  a  great  amount  of  criti- 
cism. In  consequence,  I  asked  Mr.  Lane  for  a 
correct  version  of  the  sad  affair,  and  was  re- 
ferred  to  the  Coroner's  verdict  and  requested 
to  go  through  the  mine  and  inspect  the  scene 
of  the  accident.  Stepping  on  to  the  bucket, 
my  companion,  who  was  one  of  the  miners  that 
escaped  at  the  time  of  the  accident,  signaled 
the  engineer  and  we  were  soon  at  the  330-foot 
level.  Walking  through  the  crosscut  in  the 
tunnel  driven  through  the  country  rock,  we 
came  to  the  place  of  the  accident.  The  vein  at 
this  point  is  about  30  feet  wide.  A  drift  has 
been  ran  through  on  one  wall,  leaving  the  cave 
on  the  opposite  side.  Once  this  drift  is  securely 
timbered  and  the  miners  made  perfectly  Bafe,the 
caved  matter  will  be  taken  out  and  the  bodies 
of  the  unfortunate  miners,  still  buried  in  this 
mass,  removed.  One  set  of  miners  is  cautiously 
working  in  from  the  north  face  and  occasionally 
finding  a  body,  crushed  and  grcnud  by  the  great 
weight  of  this  mass  of  rock  and  timbers.  Noth- 
ing short  of  a  personal  inspection  coald  give 
any  idea  of  the  great  force  exerted  by  the  mass 
of  matter  once  it  started.  Huge  timbers  24 
inches  in  diameter  are  snapped  asunder  as 
thongh  they  had  been  but  straws.  Timbers 
lie  In  every  position,  crushed,  broken  and  piled 
over  and  through  each  other,  like  a  log-jam  on 
the  rivers  of  a  timber  region.  Strange  as  it 
may  seem,  the  cave  is  but  60  feet  in  length. 
The  country  beyond,  at  both  sides,  remains 
solid.  Everything  shows  that  once  the  cave 
started,  no  system  of  mine-timbering  conld  have 
withstood  the  great  and  sudden  strain  of  this 
mass  of  rock,  thoroughly  saturated  with  water. 

The  Hiatory  of  the  Cave. 

The  surface  ore  of  th.e  Utica  had  been  worked 
oat  In  the  early  days  by  Senator  Fair  ;  others 
following,  worked  still  deeper,  leaving  the  vein 
open  to  the  surface.  Mr.  Lane  had  filled  this  open 
space  in  with  waste  from  the  mine,  but  as  the 
level  of  this  eurface  was  some  20  feet  below  the 
hillside,  it  caught  a  large  amount  of  water  and 
in  the  unusual  storms  of  this  season  the  whole 
country  was  filled  to  the  surface  with  water. 
From  the  330-foot  level  an  upraise  or  stope  bad 
been  carried  up  SO  feet.  The  space  excavated 
was  timbered  with  20-inGh  timbers  arranged 
in  sets,  with  five  feec  from  center  to  center 
Mr.  Hayward  had  placed  hia  old  timbermen  on 
the  Plymouth,  Mr,  Geo.  Williams  in  charge  as 
boss  timberman,  Mr.  Williams,  by  reason  of 
his  ability,  age  and  the  confidence  reposed  in 
him,  was  given  entire  charge  of  all  the  timber- 
ing in  the  mine.  While  be  discussed  the  way 
in  which  he  proposed  timbering  with  the  mine 
foreman  and  superintendent,  they  did  not  di- 
rect or  dictate  in  any  way  to  him.  The  ground 
had  become  heavy  with  its  load  of  water,  and 
the  timbers  showed  that  they  were  springing — 
not  an  unusual  occurrence,  as  every  mining 
man  knows.  The  day  before  the  cave,  Mr. 
Williams  asked  Mr.  Lane  to  go  down  into  the 
mine  and  inspect  it.  Messrs.  Lane,  Williams 
&  Lillie  stood  where  the  cave  now  is  for  over  a 
half-hour,  Mr.  Williams  speaking  of  his  work 
and  expressing  the  opinion  that  he  had  the 
mine  well  timbered.  Mr,  Lane  replied:  "Don't 
worry  about  its  caving.  If  it  caves  yon  shan't 
be  blamed  in  any  way,  Take  all  the  men  and 
timbers  you  want,  only  don't  take  any  chances, 
for  I  would  rather  see  the  whole  mine  cave 
than  any  of  the  boys  get  hurt,"  To  this  Mr, 
Williams  replied:  "There  is  no  danger.  It 
can't  come,  the  way  I  have  it  timbered,  with- 
out giving  as  all  the  time  we  want  to  get  out." 


Mr.  Lillie  suggested  to  Mr,  Williams  that 
as  the  mill  was  full  of  ore,  they  lay  their  men 
off  the  following  day — Sunday — and  not  work 
the  mine  and  reduce  expense  to  that  amoant. 
Mr.  Williams  replied  that  as  the  mine  showed 
signs  of  springing,  he  would  do  some  work  to 
make  it  secure. 

At  the  time  of  the  accident  20  men  were  em- 
ployed at  this  point.  One  of  the  men  started 
out  for  a  shovel  and  two  more  were  at  the 
outer  ledge,  when,  suddenly  and  without  the 
slightest  warning,  the  roof  dropped  like  a 
veritable  deadfall,  and  17  men,  in  an  instant, 
were  killed  as  suddenly  as  though  executed  by 
electricity.  The  excited  imagination  of  some 
of  the  towns-people  caused  them  to  aeaert 
that  the  voices  of  miners  could  be  heard  on  the 
140  foot  Itvel,  The  Supt.  went  all  through 
this  level,  which  was  then  intact  without 
finding  any  men.  Scarcely  had  be  reached  the 
surface  when  the  mine  caved  from  the  surface 
down.  Mr,  Williams  was  not  then,  nor  is  his 
memory  now,  charged  with  carelessness  or 
ignorance.  The  cave  was  like  that  of  the  old 
Dead  Horse  of  Taolamne  county,  the  Golden 
Tera  of  Dakota  and  many  others  where  the 
overhanging  matter  suddenly  breaks  loose  and 
crushes  everything  beneath  it  by  its  overwhelm- 
ing force.  The  all-wise  critics  would  make  it 
appear  that  the  mine-owners  were  benefited, 
and  even  insinuate  that  they  had  planned  this 
great  loss  of  life  and  money.  If  there  is  any 
one  more  than  another  anxious  to  prevent  such 
catastrophes,  it  is  the  superintendent  and  mine- 
owners,  as  an  accident  of  that  kind  means  not 
only  a  loss  in  life  but  one  of  money  as  well.  I 
went  out  of  my  way  to  investigate  some  of  the 
criticisms  that  have  been  pnblisbed.  I  find 
that  Mrs.  Williams  says  now  that  "Mr, 
Williams  left  that  morning  for  his  work  just  as 
he  always  did.  He  said  nothing  of  any  fear  of 
a  cave."  Rumor  has  it  that  their  parting  on 
that  fatal  morning  was  of  a  death-bed  char- 
acter, Mrs.  Williams  pleading  with  her  hus- 
band to  not  go,  and  he  with  pale  face  and  set 
teeth  declaring  with  a  parting  kiss  that  he  must 
go,  as  bis  reputation  was  at  stake.  The  state- 
ment that  Mr.  Lillie  refused  to  go  into  the 
mine  or  let  his  men  work  for  fear  of  the  cave 
was  misconstrued  from  his  request  to  WilUaras 
that  they  lay  the  men  off  over  Sunday.  The 
most  infamous  remark,  attributed  to  Mr.  Lane, 
that  "men  were  cheaper  than  timbers,"  shows 
the  desperation  of  these  jackals.  No  one  who 
knows  Mr.  Lane — an  old  miner  himself — or 
who  has  gone  through  the  works  and  seen  the 
cordial  relations  and  good-fellowship  existing 
between  Mr.  Lane  and  all  his  employes,  could 
for  a  moment  believe  a  lie  so  infamous. 

Angels,  like  all  mining  towns,  has  a  class  of 
bar-room  miners  who  would  not  work  if  it  were 
given  them  to  do,  but  becanse  they  are  not 
given  positions  of  trust,  for  which  they  are  in 
every  way  unfitted,  set  upon  every  successful 
man  and  endeavor,  by  false  charges  and  cuu' 
ningly  misconstrued  facts,  to  blacken  his  char- 
acter and  injure  the  property  in  his  charge. 

The  Lane  and  TuUock  Mine. 

"  Uncle  Jimmy"  Tullock  is  pounding  away 
with  his  five  stamps  and  making  hia  ore  cou' 
centrator  save  all  the  sulphurets  from  the  five 
stamps,  and  at  the  same  time  handled  a  large 
amoant  of  dirty  concentrates  from  another  mill, 
thus  giving  the  table  the  work  of  40  stamps. 
which  it  does  easily.  The  mining  industry 
owes  the  self-feeding  principle  of  the  present 
ore-feeders  to  "  Uacle  Jimmy,"  and  the 
Tullock  ore  concentrator  in  capacity,  efficiency 
and  cheapness  promises  to  make  the  concentra- 
tion of  all  ores  so  cheap  that  they  will  be  uni- 
versally adopted. 

The  Gold  Cliff. 
This  mine   is   still  being  worked  under  bond 
by  Messrs.  Hayward  &  Hobart.     Hamor  has  it 
that  the  property  is  satisfactiDry. 

Dry  Crushing. 

Mr.  Chas,  D.  Smith  has  bis  dry  mill  in  op 
eration,  and  at  this  time  it  is  running  on  con- 
centrates from  the  Hale  mine.  These  concen- 
trates, after  passing  through  the  usual  battery 
and  plate  milling,  give  by  assay  S60  a  ton.  Mr. 
Bacon,  of  Mr.  Smith's  company,  sampled  the 
concentrates  and  the  tailings,  after  they  had 
been  treated  in  Mr.  Smith's  mill,  and  sent  both 
to  Wiegand  &  Co.  of  Virginia  City,  Nev.,  for 
assay.  Their  certificate  shows — '*  value  of 
conoenttates,  $60;  value  of  tailings,  §2  06."  Mr, 
Smith  is  not  really  very  much  pleased  with 
this  success,  but  contemplates  the  perfecting 
of  an  entirely  new  system,  which  he  thinks  will 
excel  any  other  process.  Mr.  Smith  is  a  firm 
believer  in  the  dry  process  for  gold  ores,  and 
"don't  want  any  stamps  in  bis."  A  part  of 
Mr.  Smith's  process  has  been  illustrated  In  the 
Mixing  ani.  Scien-tific  Press.  The  mill 
simple  and  free  from  dust,  a  rare  and  desirable 
condition  where  drycrnshing  is  followed.  The 
ores  are  crashed  dry  to  a  fineness  of  lOO-meeh 
in  a  pulverizer  similar  in  construction  to  the 
Jenisch  mill,  illustrated  in  the  Press  of  Jane 
29,  1889.  From  this  the  ore  passes  to  a  revolv- 
ing amalgamating  band  from  which  it  is  dis- 
oharged  into  a  scouring  and  amalgamating  pan, 
the  discharge  flawing  over  Mr.  Smith's  shaking 
table  and  on  to  amalgamating  plates. 

For  concentrates  or  high-grade  ore,  I  think  the 
mill  will  do  all  that  Mr.  Smith  claims  for  it,  but 
I  do  not  see  how  it  is  possible  for  this 
or  any  other  dry-crushing  process  to  work  the 
average  ores  to  a  profit.  I  don't  question  the 
possibility  of  saving  ^58.94  out  of  S60  con- 
centrates that  the  battery  and  plate  has  failed 
to  save,  but  I  claim  that  these  slow  and  ex- 
pensive processes  are  best  fitted  for   the  treat- 


ment of  very  high-grade  rebellions  ores  or  the 
concentrates  from  the  old-faehioned  dividend- 
providing  stamp-mills,  I  was  told,  in  Angels, 
that  my  article  on  "Gold  Hath  a  Place  where 
They  Fine  It "  was  aimed  at  a  man  in  that  vi- 
cinity, to  which  I  replied  that  that  olass  of 
men  were  a  part  of  all  mining  history  and  were 
to  be  found  at  all  times  and  in  all  places;  that 
it  was  but  natural  that  each  one  should  think 
himself  the  party  referred  to,  like  the  colored 
preacher  who  remarked  to  his  congregation: 
'  Dere  is  a  pussen  in  dis  ohuch  wat  steals 
chickens,  and  I'm  gwine  to  frow  dis  bible  at 
his  bed."  Immediately,  every  darky's  head 
ducked.  E.  H.  Schaeffle. 

Murphyi   Cat. 


The  Mining  Outlook  in  Honduras. - 

Editors  Press  : — I  have  been  so  busy  with 
the  affairs  of  the  company  which  sent  me  down 
here  that  I  have  had  little  opportnnity  of  in- 
forming myself  of  what  was  going  on  in  other 
camps;  however,  I  can  say  that  the  mining  out- 
look in  Honduras  is  brighter  now  than  ever  be- 
fore in  recent  times,  and  a  couple  of  years  more 
will  perhaps  prove  that  the  Spaniards  did  not 
carry  off  the  biggest  end  of  her  treasures. 

The  R^sairo  Co.'s  mill  is  to  be  started  again 
very  soon,  I  believe,  with  plenty  of  ore.  It 
has  30  stamps.  The  Victorina,  in  Curaren 
with  ten  stamps,  is  doing  well  and  has  recently 
developed  a  fine  vein  of  silver  glance  in  quartz. 
This  is  one  of  the  mines  which  were  examined 
In  '87  for  Senator  Hearst,  I  being'assayer  to  the 
party.  At  that  time  it  was  a  mere  prospect, 
but  has  developed  well.  Smelting  in  Angela 
valley,  Department  of  Tegucigalpa,  has  been 
carried  on  in  the  small  furnaces  of  the  country 
with  Buch  success  that  the  company  has  de- 
cided on  sending  castings  for  a  blast  furnace  on 
the  modern  plan.  The  ore  contains  much 
blende,  which  is  partly  gotten  rid  of  by  roast- 
ing. In  the  Department  of  Olancho  a  rich 
strike  in  gold  quartz  is  reported  and  an  English 
syndicate  is  tackling  the  river-beds  agaia.  In 
Choluteca  some  apparently  good  gold  mines  are 
being  opened  by  the  Dos  Hermanos  Co.,  the 
superintendent,  Mr.  Patrick  O'Hora,  very  sen- 
sibly resieting  all  temptation  to  put  up  works 
until  he  can  be  sure  of  plenty  of  good  ore.  The 
Victoria  Co.,  1^  miles  north  of  this  place,  has 
a  large  concession  with  plenty  of  veins  carrying 
gold  or  silver,  or  both,  but  not  sufficiently 
opened  yet  to  determine  their  value,  A  mill  is 
in  coarse  of  erection  with  a  capacity  for  15  tons 
per  day,  the  machinery  being  mostly  of  new  de- 
sign and  invention.  I  can  form  but  little  opin- 
ion as  to  its  value. 

The  mines  of  the  Santa  Lucia  Co.,  nine  miles 
from  Tegucigalpa,  are  reputed  to  be  the  beat, 
or  among  the  best,  in  this  department.  The 
company  has  expended  somewhere  near  §200,- 
000,  but,  owing  to  the  circumstances  on  which 
it  is  not  necessary  here  to  dilate,  bat  which  are 
well  understood  here  and  now  at  the  company's 
headquarters,  no  profit  has  been  made  ao  far. 
The  ores  had,  up  to  about  six  months  ago,  the 
reputation  of  being  *'too  refractory  to  be 
worked,"  but  nous  avons  change  tout  cela,  and 
proved  that  when  they  can  be  extracted  in  suf- 
ficient quantity  to  keep  the  mill  occupied,  they 
can  be  worked  with  profit  even  with  the  pres- 
ent "rather  inefficient  plant," 

The  mill  has  been  stopped  ever  since  Novem- 
ber  19.h  last  year,  and  work  has  been  carried 
on  in  the  mine  (for  only  one  of  the  many  veins 
is  worked)  witn  such  success  that  I  shall  be 
surprised  il  the  mill  should  not  be  in  operation 
again  within  six  months. 

The  management  of  these  mines  is  now  emi- 
nently sensible  and  economical,  and  if  so  con- 
tinued, the  property  must  soon  be  on  a  paying 
basis.  A  great  deal  has  been  done,  and  much 
still  remiins  to  ba  done,  to  retrieve  the  errors 
of  the  former  management,  both  in  mine  and 
mill,  and  unfortunately  the  distrust  produced 
by  needless  failures  and  difficulties  which 
might  have  been  avoided  have  hampered  the 
financial  resources  of  the  company  to  some  ex- 
tent, though  its  business  honor  has  been  kept 
stainless  throughout.  I  consider  the  success 
of  this  company  as  a  foregone  conclusion,  pro- 
vided the  present  discreet  course,  with  a  little 
more  v.'gor  thrown  in,  shall  be  maintained;  but 
a  relapse  into  the  follies  of  the  past  will  insure 
ruin  unleas  something  shall  be  found  in  the 
mines  which  their  record,  though  good,  does 
not  warrant  the  hope  of.  That  is  a  really  '*  big 
bonanza,"  as  we  understand  it  in  California, 

Exchange  on  New  York  is  now  selling  at  35 
to  40  per  cent  premium  for  60  days  eight.  Ex- 
change on  Siu  Francisco  is  rarelv  obtainable, 
though  occasionally  called  for.  United  States 
gold  commands  a  premium  of  40  per  cent  in 
small  lots  required  by  travelers. 

There  is  but  one  hotel  in  the  capital  city, 
Teguc'galpa;  it  is  subsidized  by  the  Govern- 
ment, notwithstanding,  or  perhaps  in  conse- 
quence of  which  It  is  a  poor  affair,  though 
charging  S2  50  H.  C.  per  day  to  transient  cus- 
tomers, 25  cents  for  a  gla^s  of  wine,  liquor, 
etc.,  and  50  cents  for  a  half  bottle  of  warm 
beer.  It  seems  to  do  a  good  busiueps.  Fleas 
are  the  most  abundant  game  in  the  country, 
but  the  experienced  traveler  who  has  a  cot  or 
hammock  to  sleep  in  need  not  dread  them.  The 
ceremony  of  going  to  bed  is  a  simpler  aff>ir 
here  than  with  ue,  and  though  I  do  not  know 
exactly  how  it  is  conducted  among  the  so- 
called  better  class,  I  am  aware  that  the  common 


people  frequently  or  usually  retire  in  a  state  of 
absolute  nudity  to  their  not  too  Inxnriona 
coaches.  There  is  a  reason  for  this;  the  fileaa, 
if  not  confined  within  a  night-dress,  may  bite, 
but  they  don't  tichle,  which  latter  is  to  most 
people  by  far  the  more  annoying.  The  worst 
practice  is  that  of  many  men,  and  especially 
of  travelers,  sleeping,  or  trying  to,  in  their  an- 
derclothes. 

It  is  a  good  plan  to  carry  a  stock  of  insect 
powder,  which  is  effective  against  not  only 
fieas  but  other  vermin  as  well.  Finally,  and 
generally  it  is  sufficient  before  retiring  to  shake 
all  sheets  and  blankets  at  a  little  distance  from 
the  bed,  and  the  same  with  whatever  night- 
clothing  is  to  be  worn,  if  any;  then  strip  com- 
pletely away  from  the  bed,  leaving  any  fisas 
that  may  be  about  the  person  in  the  clothing 
till  morning.  To  avoid  niguas^  usually  known 
^a  jiggers  in  the  feet,  never  put  the  bare  foot  to 
the  ground  or  fioor.  In  the  rainy  season  a 
poncho  is  requisite;  it  is  the  only  thing  that  is 
fit  for  a  rider  in  the  rain  ;  it  should  be  accom- 
panied by  a  rubber  hood  or  a  "  sou'wester."  A 
hammock  or  a  folding-  cot  is  very  necessary. 
Arms  are  scarcely  needed,  though  most  travelers 
carry  a  revolver.  The  common  people  may  be 
petty  thieves,  not  highwaymen  nor  burglars, 
often.  A  man  who  remains  long  in  the  coun- 
try should  own  a  good  riding  mule  and  saddle. 
Even  at  this  season  of  the  year  we  have  occa- 
sional showers,  though  the  air  seems  dry  enough 
and  the  roads  are  dasty,  C,  H,  A, 

Santa  Lur.ia,  Honduras. 


Iron  Under  Shock. — British  experts  have 
been  comparing  notes  concerning  the  change  in 
the  internal  straotare  of  iron  under  shock. 
One  said  that  vibration  made  malleable  crane 
chains  resemble  cast  iron.  Another  thoaght 
that  cold,  hammering  axles  to  give  high  polish 
changes  their  internal  structure,  and  he  recom- 
mends finishing  them  at  high  temperature  as  a 
preventive.  A  Mr,  Glynn  thinks  both  cast 
and  wrought  iron  are  altered  by  successive 
blows — the  wrought  crystallized,  and  the  crys- 
tals of  the  cast  iron  are  enlarged.  But  an- 
other, Mr.  Stephenson,  cited  the  case  of  an 
engine  connecting-rod  that  had  vibrated 
25.000,000  times  and  yet  was  perfectly  fibrous. 
Axles  that  have  been  thought  to  have  changed 
may  not  have  been  fibrous  at  first,  for,  al- 
though when  a  piece  of  iron  is  rolled  oat  from 
a  length  of  one  foot  to  one  of  twenty  feet,  it 
must  become  fibrous,  it  does  not  necessarily  do 
so  when  it  is  only  drawn  out  from  one  foot  to 
six  feet.  Another  remarked  that  the  ohange 
from  crank-axles  to  the  present  straight  form 
has  diminished  breakage.  Mr.  Bounel  doubts 
any  real  change  of  internal  strncture  and 
thinks  that  the  differing  results  in  tested  speci- 
mens are  quite  likely  to  have  resulted  from 
difference  iu  the  kind  of  blow  causing  the  fract- 
ure. For  example,  the  same  piece  of  iron  may 
be  made  to  show  a  fibrous  texture  by  a  slow, 
heavy  blow,  and  a  crystalline  when  the  blow 
is  sharp  and  quick.  So^  too,  temperature  may 
cause  a  difference,  cold  iron  showing  a  more 
crystalline  fracture  than  the  same  iron  when 
somewhat  warm, — Boston  Jour,  of  Com. 


I 


A  Dynamite  Magazine  for  Hot  Countries 
is  illustrated  in  Indian  Engineering  for  Feb. 
8bh.  It  is  designed  for  use  in  India  by  Mr. 
John  Harris,  dynamite  instructor  to  the  Nobel's 
Explosive  Co.  It  is  a  brick  structure  13x24 
feet  on  plan,  15  feet  high,  with  an  arched  roof 
15  inches  thick, -and  a  6'iDch  cement  fioor.  The 
walls  of  the  building  are  IS  inches  thick,  with 
bat  one  end  window  and  one  door  opening 
into  a  vestibale  10x16^  feet  in  plan.  The  boxes 
of  dynamite  are  piled  on  teak-wood  benches. 
On  two  sides  of  the  building  are  two  tiers,  of 
three  each,  of  ventilators  8  inches  square,  and 
covered  with  an  iron  grating.  To  prevent  any 
mischief  being  done  through  these  ventilators, 
they  are  Z-shaped  in  the  section  of  the  wall,  the 
opening  inside  being  nearly  three  feet  above  the 
outside  opening.  A  lightning-rod  at  each  iend 
of  the  building  terminates  in  a  3x3  feet  x^  inch 
copper  ground-plate.  The  doors  and  tbd  one 
shutter  are  made  of  ^-inch  wrought  iron  with 
iron  frames,  so  that  tne  building  is  absolutely 
fireproof. 

A  Good  Idea. — In  Paris,  whenever  a  local 
shopkeeper  advertises  to  sell  **  at  coat,"  a  gov- 
ernment official,  detailed  for  the  purpose^ 
swoops  down  upon  him  and  makes  a  careful  in- 
spection, in  order  to  satisfy  himself  that  the 
merchant  carries  out  what  be  advertises.  If 
the  latter  is  detected  in  fraud,  an  adequate 
punishment  is  at  once  meted  out  to  him.  They 
don't  deny  a  man's  right  to  sell  his  goods  at  less 
than  cost  if  he  chooses,  but  he  must  not  pub- 
lish any  lying  advertisement. 


Weaving  Glass. — In  the  new  process  for 
spinning  and  weaving  glass  into  cloth,  the 
warp  is  composed  of  silk  forming  the  body  and 
groundwork,  on  which  the  pattern  in  glass  ap- 
pears. Not  less  than  50  to  60  of  the  original 
glass  strands  are  required  to  form  one  thread  of 
the  web,  and  not  more  than  a  yard  of  the  cloth 
can  be  produced  in  12  hours. 


There  are  now  over  60  specially  built  or 
converted  .steamers  running  on  the  Atlantic 
and  Mediterranean  for  conveying  petroleum  in 
bulk,  known  as  **  tank "  vessels,  and  it  is 
estimated  that  they  take  four-fifths  of  the  en- 
tire trade. 

The  three-hundredth  auniversary  of  the  in- 
vention of  the  microscope  is  to  be  celebrated  in 
Antwerp  this  year. 


April  12,  1890,] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


249 


The  Deep  Gold   Placers  of  California. 

NUMBER    M. 

[WrItteD  for  the  PRua  ud  Cojiyri^hted  1S90,  by  ElBNar 
G.  HAXK8.  F.  G.  S.  A.,  P.  G.  81 

Geoerrapby  of  the  Deep  Placers  and  Other 
MlntDfE  RtiglODB  of  OaUforDla. 

Tbe  great  inoautain  chftlo  of  Oaliforoia  ex* 
teodfl  from  the  extreme  north  to  the  aoathero 
line  of  the  State.  Tbe  eaeterD  slope  ie  abrupt, 
while  the  westero  is  a  wide  iaoliDed  plain.  On 
thia  elde  most  of  the  known  g^-ld  depoaita  lie. 

The  plaoera,  deep  and  ahaltow,  primary  and 
aecondary,  oconpy  a  aeries  of  plateaua  begin* 
niog  ftt  aea  Uvel  and  attaining  an  altitude  of 
6000  feet. 

Individual  peaks  of  nnosual  bight  rise  to  an 
altitude  exceeding  14,000  feet,  many  far  above 
the  known  aariferoua  basins  or  ohanuela. 

These  elevated  plateaus  and  mountain  elopee 
are  eroded  with  deep  and  precipitous  gorges 
known  on  the  Paoi&c  Coast  as  "canyons,"  a 
word  from  the  Spanish  meaning  a  tabe  or  pipe. 

While  tbe  gold  region  extends  from  Siskiyou 
to  Sin  Diego,  the  principal  mines  lie 
Plamas,  Sierra,  Placer,  Nevada  antii  Yuba 
oounties,  a  country  drained  by  tbe  Feather, 
Yuba  and  B  jar  rivers.  At  least  300  bydraulio 
and  drift  mines  were  at  one  time  in  active 
operation  on  this  area,  not  to  mention  a  multi- 
tude of  lesser  plaoer  washings  conducted  by 
small  companies  and  individuals. 

The  true  geology  of  Oalifornia  ie  not  known. 
All  geological  ooloring  of  the  high  placers  is 
tbe  merest  guesswork;  rooks  seemingly  sedi- 
mentary are  so  metamorphic  that  they  are  sin- 
gularly devoid  of  animal  and  vegetable  remains, 
although  if  more  carefully  studied,  fossils 
might  be  found.  In  some  cases  a  few  have 
been  acoidentaliy  discovered  by  prospeotors, 
as,  for  example,  near  Cerro  Gordo  in  Inyo 
county,  and  in  Tulare  and  Sin  Diego  counties, 
which  limited  localities  are  thus  proven  to  be 
carboniferous. 

California  has  been  sadly  remiss  in  not  giving 
more  attention  to  geological  surveys  of  tbe 
State;  we  do  not  generally  recognize  the  im- 
portance of  information  gained  by  miners,  pros- 
pectors and  a  few  looal  geologists,  whose  dis- 
coveries and  investigations  are  not  published 
because  of  a  strange  apathy  on  the  part  of  those 
most  interested,  the  people  themselves.  There 
are  many  learned  men  in  other  parts  of  the  world 
who  look  eagerly  to  California  for  information 
of  whioh  they  receive  but  little.  The  high 
plaoer  mines  of  California  cover  but  a  limited 
area  compared  with  that  of  the  State.  With  a 
radius  of  40  miles  and  with  Djwnieville  as  a 
oenter,  a  circle  may  be  described  on  the  State 
map  whioh  will  include  nearly  all  the  noted 
placers  in  the  region  early  known  as  the  "north- 
ern mines,"  from  which  the  main  part  of  the 
plaoer  gold  was  gathered.  Such  a  circle  would 
cover  an  area  of  5026  square  miles,  and  would 
include  portions  of  Butte,  El  Dorado,  Nevada, 
Plaoer,  Plumas,  Sieira  and  Yuba  oounties. 

The  southern  mines,  which  could  be  included 
within  a  similar  circle,  with  Jackson,  Amador 
county,  for  a  center,  lie  at  a  lower  altitude. 
They  are  generally  of  tbe  hydraulic  or  shallow 
plaoer  character.  Portions  of  the  following 
counties  would  be  embraced  within  this  second 
golden  circle  :  Alpine,  Amador,  Calaveras,  El 
Dorado,  Sioramento,  San  JoEqaio,  Scanislaus 
and  Tuolumne.  ,- 

Both  north  and  south  of  these  mines,  extend- 
ing to  the  State  lines,  gold  and  silver  are  found, 
but  the  oountry  has  not  baen  thoroughly  ex- 
plored, and  inoonBeqnenoeisnot  BO  well  known. 
There  seems  to  be  nu  reason  why  other  quite  as 
extensive  deep  placers  miy  not  be  found  when 
proper  search  is  made  for  them.  It  is  my  opin- 
ion that  every  lava-capped  ridge  within  a  radius 
of  20  miles  around  Pilot  Peak  is  underlaid  by  a 
bed  of  gravel  more  or  less  auriferous,  which 
may  be  reached  by  driving  tunnels.  The  amount 
of  gold  already  taken  from  this  oircle  can  be 
proved  to  be  many  millions  of  dollars. 

EBLATnn  ALTITDDR8  ABOVE  88A  LBVRL  OF  TBE  DRBP  PLACBRS 
OF  CALIPOaSIA,  IMCliODlNG  A  FaW  MuUNTAIN  LAKES  AND 
SUMMITS. 

Pcfit. 

Auburn,  Placer  Co 1,176 

Cherokee  Flat,  Butte  Co 1.IS7 

Chinese  Camp,  Calaveraa  Co     1,304 

Tuttletown,  Tuolumne  Co 1.321 

Poster's  Bar,  Yub^  Co 1.371 

Kincaid  Fiat,  Tiioluiiine  Co 1,589 

Amt  rican  mine,  Nevada  Co 1.843 

Rough  aod  Ready,  Ni?vada  Co 2,000 

Volcano,  Amador  Co 2,075 

Dardanellee  mine  (bedrock)  Pla'.er  Co 2,077 

Placerville,  El  Dorado  Co 2,109 

Columbia,  Tuolumne  Co 2,157 

Spatish  Dry  Diy;ginga,  El  Dorado  Co 2,15S 

You  B  t.  Nov  da  Co 2,172 

Grass  Valley,  Nevada  Co 2,454 

Porbeatown,  Butte  Co 2  8-25 

Todd's  Mount  *in,  Placer  Co 2,750 

Nevada  nity,  Nevada  Co 2,800 

DownieviUe,  Sierra  Co 2,806 

Big  Oak  Flat.  Tuolumne  Co '2.923 

Little  York,  Nevada  Co 2.S30 

Iowa  Hill,  Placer  Co 2.S73 

WiaconaiQ  Hill.  Placer  Co 2,03« 

Blue  Tent,  Nevada  Co 3,iOS 

Malakoff,  Nevada  Co 3.1T3 

Forest  Hill,  Placar  Co 3,237 

Quaker  Hill,  Nevada  Co 3,265 

North  Bloomfield,  Nevada  Co 3.27S 

Dutch  Flat,  Nevada  Co 3  395 

yuiucy,  PlumaaCo 3,416 

Green  villa.  Plumas  Co 3  514 

Brandy  City,  Sierra  Co 3  692 

Alta,  Nevada  Co 3  607 

Spaoish  Ranch,  Pluman  Co 3,621 

Meadow  Valley,  Pluraas  Co 3,757 

Honey  Lake,  Lassen  Co 3,950 

Damaacua,  Placer  Co 4  0fi6 

Sierra  City,  Sierra  Co. ■ 4, 188 

Omega,  Nevada  Co 4,201 

Moore's  Flat,  Nevada  Co ...» 4  231 


Anc;,'h»ny,  Sltirr&  Co. 

F«>rt-()t  Cilv,  SiurrftCo 4.-ie'. 

Buld  Mouululu  Tunnel.  Sierra  Co. 4.4S.» 

Edmin  Mine,  Plumiw  Co 4.700 

Lapjrte,  PluoioaCo 4.!)0:i 

HorBo  Lake,  LoMen  Co &,o:>ii 

Eagle  Lake,  Lassen  Co fi,ll5 

Sailoirt  Canyon,  Plnmaa  Co. 6,261 

(iiliHOiivillp,  SioriaC 5,500 

Tablu  Mountain.  SJurra  Co.  (Howland  PlatV fi,6lO 

Foathor  L^kc,  Lanscn  Co fl  035 

Omou  V»lluy,  PlunnsCo 6,100 

8i|U»w  Vslioy,  Placer  Co 8,S(i4 

Mono  Lake,  Mono  Co 6,73'i 

Wcbbur  Lake.  Siwrra  Co 6,sa-i 

Sp»nl8h  t-cak.  Phimia  Co... 8.02ii 

1 1  iremont  PB»k,  I'lumaa  Co. 7,00O 

Pilot  Peak,  PlumMH  Co 7,00!) 

Alturis  Mount iin,  -Sierr*  UO 7,200 

Kettle  Bock.  PlumBMCo 7,S43 

Siininilt  Peak,  Junction  of  LlsscDt  Pluoiaa  and 

SiBrr*  countitH 8,3oo 

Mount  Iniralla,  Piunus  Co. 8,470 

Siorra  Buttea,  Siorr*  Co 8  541 

Laa«ou'8  Butte,  Plumas  Co 10,437 

Mount  Shasta,  Shasta  Co 14, 142 

Mount   Whitnt\,  Ii  vo  Co.  (highest  elevation  in 

California) 14,893 

Other  altitudee  may  be  found  in  the  Sixth 
Annual  Report  of  the  State  Mineralogiet. 

Evolution  of  Placer  MlnlDg  In  California 

Withont  referring  to  the  working  of  aurifer- 
ous depoBits  in  California  from  the  earliest  set- 
tlement of  the  Territory,  bat  beginning  with 
the  hietorioal  discorery  of  gold,  this  modern 
golden  era  will  furnish  all  data  required  to  show 
the  evolution  of  gold  mining  from  the  simple 
methods  of  1S49  to  the  present  system,  the 
most  perfeot  ever  known. 

Miners  first  sought  gold  in  the  beds  of 
streams  in  the  lower  foothills,  in  which  they 
could  without  great  difii^jaUy  lay  the  shallow 
bars  praoticatly  dry,  by  flaming,  or  by  lifting 
the  water  with  Chinese  pumps.  Their  first  tools 
were  the  pick,  pan  and  shovel,  by  the  use  of 
which  from  $5  to  $50  per  day  to  the  man  was 
collected. 

Aa  miners  flooked  into  the  ooantry,  tbe 
known  bars  were  soon  claimed,  and  new  oomers 
discovered  and  located  others  until  it  was  diffi- 
cult to  find  nooocupied  ground  without  greatly 
extending  the  area. 

With  the  spread  of  the  gold  excitement, 
miners  continued  to  come  to  California  from  all 
parts  of  the  world,  and  soon  extended  their  ex- 
plorations to  the  higher  mountains  beyond, 
gathering  gold  in  sncb  quantities  that  the 
price  of  common  labor  increased  to  $16  per 
day  and  other  ralnea  tbe  world  over  were  dis- 
turbed. 

This  condition  of  things  did  not  oontinne 
long;  the  river  gold  was  soon  collected,  and 
after  a  time  all  that  poor  men  could  gain  by 
labor  alone  was  gathered;  mining  became  more 
costly,  larger  operations  were  undertaken  and 
small  claims  consolidated  to  increase  capital, 
gigantic  engineering  works  supplied  water  to 
dry  diggings,  attention  was  drawn  from  ex- 
hausted river-beds  to  river-banks,  and  it  was 
discovered  that  although  of  lower  grade,  these 
seoondary  deposits  could  be  profitably  worked 
by  improving  methods  and  apparatus.  This 
led  in  succession  to  the  invention  or  re-inven- 
tion  of  tbe  rocker,  long-torn  and  connected 
sluice;  followed  by  ground-slnioing  reeultiog 
by  evolution  In  hydraulic  mining,  which  at- 
tained a  magnitude  never  before  reached  in  the 
history  of  the  world.  It  was  the  perfection  of 
placer  mining  and  was  copied  and  used  by 
other  nations  because  of  Its  admitted  superior 
ity.  Tt  ceased  in  California  not  from  any  in- 
herent  defect,  or  because  the  gold-fields  were 
exhausted,  but  owiog  to  a  conflict  bettveen  tbe 
agricnltui  iats  and  miners,  whose  personal  in- 
terests were  antagonistic. 

But  new  fields  are  being  opened  in  other 
parts  of  the  world;  the  perfected  California 
processes  will  be  introduced  elsewhere,  and  it 
is  a  satisfaction  to  feel  that  if  we  are  not  al- 
lowed to  operate  our  own  prolific  minea  by  this 
economic  method,  we  may,  at  least,  have  the 
credit  of  teaching  others  how  to  work  theirs. 

While  these  events  were  transpiring,  much 
experience  was  gained,  the  deep  channels  were 
discovered  and  the  country  underlaid  by  them 
was  carefnlly  studied  by  thousands  of  men 
eager  to  obtain  the  gold.  Miles  of  costly  tun- 
nels were  driven  into  the  hills,  some  of  whioh 
were  very  sncceaaful,  others  less  so,  while 
many  were  failures. 

To  show  what  vast  proportiona  hydraulic 
mining  attained,  it  may  be  stated  here  that  in 
1867  there  were  5328  miles  of  water  ditchea  in 
the  State,  which  cost  $15  575,400.  (Pdcific 
Coast  Directory,  1867,  fol.  79  )  This  oid  not 
inclade  email  working  ditches  ot  the  gold  mines. 

Gold  mining  may  properly  ba  divided  into 
two  general  classes,  vein  mining  and  placer 
mining;  each  of  these  again  into  numeroua  va- 
rieties. It  is  the  province  of  this  paper  to  deal 
specially  with  placer  mining,  admitting,  how- 
ever, that  all  the  gold  in  the  placers  c^me  di- 
rectly or  indirectly  from  vein  matter.  There 
are  again  two  principal  divisions  In  California 
plaoer  mining,  one  known  aa  drift  mining  and 
the  other  as  slnice^washing  or  bydranlioking. 
Placer  Mining. 

The  simpleat  form  of  placer  mining  is  pan- 
washing,  in  which  the  miner  digs  with  a  shovel 
a  portion  of  earth  which  he  supposes  and  hopea 
to  contain  gold.  The  charge  ta  not  more  than 
ten  ponnda  for  a  single  operation,  often  leas, 
Thia  is  put  into  an  nntinned,  nnsoldered,  Rus- 
sia sheet-iron  pan.  The  operator  ainka  the  pan 
in  a  convenient  pool  or  vessel  of  water,  the 
charge  aettles  down,  and,  aided  by  a  stirring, 
equefzing  motion  of  one  hand,  beocmea  soft 
mud;  a  few  shakes  and  a  rotary  agitation  of 
the  pan  held  under  water  cause  the  lighter 
particles   to  flow  away  or    sink  outside;   the 


Pe*'t.  gold,  if  any  is  present,  sinks  to  the  bottom  and 
remains  in  the  pan:  the  pebbles  and  rock  frag- 
ments are  then  washed  one  by  one,  examined 
carefully  and  thrown  aside  if  worthless;  the 
shaking,  rotary  motion  is  oontiuued,  the  coarse 
particles  removed  as  before,  until  only  a  small 
qnantity  of  tine  matter  remains.  Then,  with  a 
eklllfnl  motion  and  manipulation  only  learned 
by  practice,  the  miner  cansea  the  finer  parti- 
cles to  oveifiow  with  the  water  over  the  edge  of 
the  pan,  until  at  last  only  a  little  black  sand 
and  gold  remain.  In  cleaning  up  the  bedrock 
in  early  times,  it  was  not  uncommon  to  find 
from  $50  upward  in  a  single  pan-washing, 
While  the  pan  ie  no  longer  thus  used,  it  is  in- 
dispensable to  the  prospector,  miner  and  as- 
sayer,  in  many  auxiliary  operations  connected 
with  the  more  improved  methods  to  be  de- 
scribed. 

The  Oradle. 
The  miner's  oradle  does  not  differ  much  from 
an  old-fashioned  wooden  domestic  cradle.  It 
ie  mounted  on  rockers  and  motion  is  imparted 
to  it  in  a  similar  manner.  One  end  is  somewhat 
lower  than  the  other,  and  the  depressed  end  is 
open  to  allow  the  surplua  water  and  tailings  to 
escape.  Over  the  upper  part  a  movable  box 
or  hopper  Is  placed,  the  bottom  of  which  la  of 
sheet  iron  punched  with  holes  half  an  inch  in 
diameter.  Under  the  hopper,  an  apron  of 
canvas  inclines  toward  the  head  or  higher  part 
of  the  cradle;  on  the  floor  are  nailed  at  right 
angles  two  ri31d  strips,  each  abont  an  inch 
high.  The  miner  aita  or  kneels  by  the  cradle, 
rocking  with  one  hand  and  dipping  and  pour- 
ing water  with  tbe  other  on  the  earth  thrown 
into  the  hopper  generally  by  another  person. 
The  coarse  pebbles  remain  on  the  aoreen  and 
are  thrown  aaide  as  often  as  required;  the 
lighter  particles  flow  with  the  water  through 
the  apparatus,  and  the  gold,  if  any,  ia  found 
lying  against  the  rifilds;  the  cleanup  is  made  in 
the  miner's  pan. 

Lonar-Tom. 
The  next  improvement  was  a  rough  wooden 
box  trough  from  12  to  14  feet  long,  the  bottom 
covered  with  sheec  iron,  the  aheeta  lapping  like 
shingles  The  lower  end  terminated  in  a  sheet- 
iron  screen  with  punched  holes;  below  the  screen 
was  a  alnice-box  with  six  or  more  riffle  cleata  to 
intercept  the  gold.  Unlike  the  cradle,  water 
waa  brought  to  the  head  of  the  apparatus  and 
flowed  through  it  in  a  continuous  stream;  the 
rich  dirt  was  shoveled  in  from  the  sides,  and 
the  bowlders  thrown  ont  with  a  forknnade  like 
a  oommon  manure-fork,  but  with  stronger 
tines. 

Slutce-Box. 
The  long-torn  was  soon  replaced  by  the 
slnice-box.  This  waa  a  series  of  square  troagha 
with  aides  and  bottom  alike,  but  open  on  the 
top;  one  end  lapped  Into  another  and  the  line 
could  be  extended  for  any  diatance.  With 
plenty  of  water  any  number  of  men  could  be 
employed  to  feed  in  the  anriferoua  earth  and 
throw  ont  the  bowlders,  as  from  the  long-torn. 
The  sluices  were  aet  at  the  proper  angle  on 
trestles  or  piles  of  bowlders;  riffles  for  collect- 
ing the  gold  were  numerous  along  the  line. 
Gro  un  d-S  lul  c  In  g. 
Thia  waa  introdnoed  to  increase  the  richness 
of  the  sluice  material.  Water  was  brought  in 
a  large  flume  or  ditch  to  a  point  above  some 
creek  bottom  or  bedrock,  and  on  the  bank.  The 
water  waa  allowed  to  e"cape  and  soon  ont  a 
channel  in  ita  downward  flow;  this  was  assisted 
by  men  who  picked  down  the  banks  of  the  new 
cut  and  aided  the  stream  to  disintegrate  the 
earth  by  their  labor.  The  oonoentrated  mat- 
ter left  when  the  stream  was  turned  off  was 
partly  run  through  slaloea,  and  partly  cleaned 
on  the  bedrook. 

Booming. 
Booming  waa  an  improvement  on  ground- 
sluicing.  Water  from  a  reservoir  at  a  high  ele- 
vation was  set  free  by  opening  wide  flood- 
gates;  the  effect  waa  like  that  of  a  cloudburst. 
The  banks  were  cut  away  and  large  trees  up 
rooted.  The  gates  were  closed  until  more  water 
collected,  when  the  operation  was  repeated 
again  and  again.  Sluice-waahing  followed  this 
operation  as  in  the  case  of  ground  aluiclng. 

Hydraulic  Mining. 

Tbe  bydraulio  miner  creates  artificial  placera; 
his  operations  as  compared  with  the  work  of 
Nature  may  be  likened  to  his  picking  up  a 
handful  of  sand  and  letting  it  run  through  his 
fiogera.  Before  he  could  conduct  thia  mode  of 
placer  mining.  Nature  by  the  patient  work  of 
centuries  had  arranged  the  conditions  and  pre- 
pared the  materials. 

Hydraulic  mining  commenced  in  a  small  way 
and  increased  by  evolution  until  the  apparatus 
employed  was  of  great  magnitude.  The  canvas 
hose  of  six  inches  in  diameter,  the  tin  nozzle 
with  an  inch  aperture,  the  box  reservoir  at  an 
elevation  of  30  feet,  grew  gradually,  until  2000 
inches  of  water  were  caused  to  flow  from  a 
pressure-box  at  an  elevation  of  400  feet,  through 
iron  pipes  30  inches  in  diameter,  to  a  nozzle 
aptly  named  a  "  giant,"  with  from  6  to  9  inch 
apertnre. 

With  incredible  force  the  stream  cut  into  the 
gravel  banks,  whioh  aeemed  to  melt  before  it 
like  anow.  The  lighter  particles,  including 
bowlders  a  foot  in  diameter,  were  washed 
away.  Larger  onea  were  either  raised  by  der- 
ricks or  blasted  and  the  fragments  piped  away, 
To  assist  the  force  of  water,  tunnels  were 
driven  into  the  gravel  banks,  and  sometimes  as 
many  aa  2000  kegs  of  gunpowder  were  exploded 
by  eleotrioity  in  a  single  blast.  To  those  who 
have  not  aeen  thia  operation.  It  may  be  said 
that  if  a  hydraulic  giant  of  the  magnitude  and 
pressure  mentioned  above  were  set  up  in  front 


of  the  Parliament  buildings  in  London,  and  tbe 
water  turned  on,  the  edifice  could  be  wrecked 
in  a  few  minutes,  and  in  a  few  hours  every 
wall  within  reach  of  the  stream  could  be  thrown 
down  in  ruin.  By  this  process,  earthy  matter 
containing  only  a  few  cents'  worth  of  gold  to 
the  cubic  yard  £an  be  made  to  pay,  altbongh 
the  original  cost  of  the  plant  Is  very  great. 

While  we  are  educated  to  regard  with  wonder 
the  work  of  the  hydraulic  giant  nozzle,  and 
sensational  writers  exaggerate  the  destructive 
character  of  that  mode  of  gold  mining,  claiming 
that  unless  it  at  once  ceased,  **the  mountains 
would  be  washed  into  the  eea,"  yet  all  the  ex- 
cavations made  by  the  gold  miners  in  Califor- 
nia during  the  42  years  since  the  historical  dis- 
covery of  the  precious  metal  at  Sutter's  Mill, 
have  produced  no  geological  efi'ect  worthy  of 
the  name,  A  single  cloudburst  will  in  a  few 
honrs  cut  ont  a  deeper  basin  than  that  of  the 
most  extensive  hydraulic  mine  in  the  State. 
These  artificial  cuttings,  although  of  looal  im- 
portance, are  not  to  bo  compared  with  the 
eroded  canyons  and  glacial  channels  of  the 
Sierra  Nevada. 

Aa  It  will  be  shown  that  all  drift  deposits » 
are  corered  by  a  stratum  of  so-called  lava,  it 
will  be  clear  that  they  cannot  be  piped  out  aa 
from  hydraulic  mines.  It  will  also  he  shown 
that  the  drift  gold  deposits  are  older  than  the 
hydraulic  placers. 

Hydraulic  miners  recover  the  gold  contained 
in  looae  sedimentary  matter,  while  the  drift 
miner  seeks  the  precious  metal  in  the  deep- 
lying  channels.  Even  if  hydraulic  mining 
were  not  interdicted,  that  system  would  be 
powerless  to  reach  the  deeply  buried  gold. 
Drift  Mining. 
While  plaoer  mining  was  most  active  in  Cali- 
fornia, it  waa  found  that  the  drift  mines 
were  invariably  on  the  margin  of  channels 
covered  by  eruptive  matter;  finding  it  impossi- 
ble to  pipe  out  or  otherwise  work  the  gravels  . 
BO  protected,  the  miners  drove  in  exploring 
tunnels  and  met  with  elongated  channels  bear- 
ing generally  with  the  trend  of  the  lava 
ridges.  These  channels  were  uniformly  of  the 
same  general  character;  on  the  bottom  was 
found  a  bedrook  of  a  soft  schistose  nature,  on 
which  lay  rounded  bowlders  of  large  size,  al- 
most invariably  of  quartz,  intermixed  with 
which,  but  on  or  near  the  bedrock,  coarse  gold, 
worn  or  battered,  was  discovered. 

Bowlders  of  the  overlying  lava,  altbongh 
not  uncommon  in  the  hydraulic  washings,  and 
abundant  in  modern  river  channels,  were  con- 
spicuously absent  from  the  beds  of  the  drift 
mines.  Overlying  the  gravels,  but  under  the 
lava,  was  found  a  peonliar  sedimentary  deposit 
consisting  of  gravel,  coarse  and  fine,  aand,  and 
a  peonliar  clay,  bearing  in  miners'  parlance  the 
general  name  *'pipeclay;"  on  this,  with  a  dia- 
tinot  line  of  demarcation,  lay  the  superimposed 
lava. 

As  experiences  multiplied,  miners  learned  to 
expect  a  "rimrock"  (so  called)  along  the  edge 
of  the  lava  ridges,  dipping  ohannel-Uke,  and 
terminating  in  a  depression  or  a  number  of  de- 
pressions in  whioh  much  water  was  always  met 
with. 

Drift  mining  is  another  form  of  placer  min- 
ing, in  some  features  resembling  vein  mining. 
It  is  peculiar  In  being  conducted  through  long 
tunnels  called  "  drifts"  by  the  California  min- 
ers, whence  ita  name.  The  term  is  not  to  be 
understood  in  a  geological  aenae. 

Believing,  with  reason,  that  gold  wonld  al- 
ways be  found  under  theae  conditions,  the 
more  enterpriaing  miners  drove  long  and  ex- 
pensive tunnels  in  the  bedrock  below  tbe  grav- 
els, calculating  to  connect  with  the  lowest  de- 
pressions in  the  channels. 

In  some  cases,  after  months  and  even  years 
of  labor  and  expenae,  finding  their  tunnel  too 
high,  and  knowing  the  diffionlty  of  controlling 
the  water  in  a  shaft  or  incline,  they  have  too 
frequently  been  compelled  to  abandon  the  old 
ana  commence  a  new  tunnel  at  a  lower  level. 

When  successful,  the  drift  miners  obtained 
gold  in  suoh  quantities  that  they  were  amply 
repaid  for  the  toil,  difficulties  and  disappoint- 
ments at  first  experienced;  and  their  success 
waa  an  incentive  for  others  to  do  likewise. 

The  usual  and  most  economical  mode  of 
opening  a  drift  mine  is  to  select  a  tunnel-aite 
with  much  care  and  judgment  in  or  near  a  ra- 
vine or  other  depreaaion  sufficiently  low  to 
drain  the  gravel  channel  by  a  tunnel  driven 
through  one  of  the  bedrock  shores  of  the  chan* 
nel.  Ample  dump  and  facilities  for  bringing 
water  for  washing  are,  at  thia  stage,  matters 
for  serioua  consideration.  The  object  of  tbe 
tunnel  is  to  reach  tbe  gravel  depoaita  lying  In 
the  channel  and  take  ont  the  lowest  and  richest 
atratum  of  gravel,  generally  four  or  five  feet  in 
thickness.  This  ia  run  ont  by  gravitation,  in 
oars,  on  a  tramway  laid  in  the  tunnel,  the 
seepage-water  flows  ont  also  without  incon- 
venience under  the  tramway,  saving  the  ex- 
pense of  pumping  machinery  indispenaable  in  a 
shaft. 

These  tunnels,  averaging  a  mile  in  length, 
are  not  eaaily  ventilated,  Varioua  appliances, 
which  partly  serve  the  purooae,  are  in  use  to 
overcome  thia  difficulty.  When  conditions  are 
favorable,  air  shafts  are  annk  or  upraised,  but 
being  expensive,  they  are  not  nniveraal,  aa 
they  should  be.  In  aome  drift  mines,  locomo- 
tive engines  of  special  construction  are  need  to 
hanl  oars  loaded  with  gravel  and  to  convey 
timbers  to  points  where  they  are  required. 

On  reaching  the  channel,  a  turn  is  made  in 
the  direction  of  the  tunnel,  and  the  miners 
drive  up  the  slight  grade,  aiming  to  follow  the 
deepest  depression. 

[Continued  on  page  265.) 


250 


Mining^  and  ''  Scientific  Press. 


[April  12,  1890 


llQiNIJMG   gUMMAF^Y, 

The  following  is  mostly  coudenaed  from  joumala  publiflhed 
ID  the  interior,  In  proximity  to  the  mines  mentioned. 


CALIFORNIA. 

Amador. 

Cover.— Amador  Ledger,  April  4:  The  Cover 
mill  has  been  idle  for  a  few  days  in  order  to  put  in 
some  new  concentrators,  which  are  said  to  give  bet- 
ter results  than  any  heretofore  in  use.  The  hoisting 
works  at  the  Hardenburg  mine  at  Middle  Bar  are 
completed  and  pipe  connections  made,  and  every- 
thing in  running  order.  The  work  of  draining  the 
shaft  is  progressing  satisfactorily.  The  work  of  get- 
ting the  mill  in  order  is  being  pressed  at  the  Ama- 
dor gold  mine  as  fast  as  the  arrival  of  the  machinery 
on  the  ground  will  allow.  The  car  track  near  the 
mill  is  being  straightened,  showing  that  all  differ- 
ences with  the  Doyle  claim  have  been  mutually  ar- 
ranged. Negotiations  are  in  progress  to  bond  the 
North  California  and  Joe  Davis  claims,  which  belong 
to  the  North  California  Mining  Co.,  to  San  Fran- 
cisco capitalists  for  $40,000.  The  Italian  mine,  be- 
longing to  Ginocchio  Bros,  of  Jackson,  is  being 
worked  on  a  small  scale,  with  very  encouraging 
prospects.  We  are  informed  that  a  couple  ot 
pounds  of  gold  was  obtained  recently  from  a  pocket. 
The  20-stamp  mill  of  the  Seaton  has  been  secured 
to  crush  the  rock  from  this  mine.  The  test  crush- 
ing of  rock  from  Bellwether  claim  of  S.  W.  Bright 
has  been  completed  at  the  one-stamp  mill  of  the 
Amador  mine.  It  is  rumored  that  the  yield  amount- 
ed to  about  $3  per  ton,  which  is  considered  quite 
satisfactory  when  it  is  remembered  that  the  quartz 
came  from  close  to  the  surface. 

Sutter  Creek.  —  Considerable  improvements 
have  been  made  in  the  pumping  machinery  at  the 
Wildman  m'ne.  Knight  &  Co.  have  changed  the 
valves  in  the  hydraulic  engine,  so  as  to  about  double 
the  stroke,  and  therefore  nearly  double  its  capacity. 
The  water  is  very  strong,  and  it  was  with  much 
difficulty  that  the  mine  could  be  kept  dry.  Now  the 
mine  will  be  much  more  pleasant  to  work  in.  At 
Howard's  foundry  they  are  turning  out  several  iron 
pars  for  different  mines  in  the  county. 
Calaveras. 
Jesus  Lopez  M\^yl.— Prospect,  April  5:  Work 
has  been  temporarily  suspended  on  this  mine  for  the 
present,  pending  the  arrival  of  Mr.  Gifford,  a 
wealthy  mining  man  of  Chicago.  Mr.  G  fford  bond- 
ed the  Lopez  mine  some  time  ago,  and  it  is  proposed 
to  either  run  a  tunnel,  which  will  tap  the  vein  at 
a  depth  of  200  feet,  or  utilize  the  water  from  San 
Antone  creek.  This  mine  has  a  shaft  on  the  vein 
100  feet  deep,  with  a  lead  from  three  to  four  feet 
wide;  with  good  walls  and  gouge,  and  we  are  credi- 
bly informed  that  ihe  quartz  prospects  well.  Thus 
far  the  mine  has  been  prospected  without  the  aid  of 
any  machinery— a  windlass  being  used  to  sink  the 
shaft. 

Mining  Improvement. — Rumor  has  it  that  sev- 
eral gravel  mines  will  be  opened  on  Central  Hill  the 
coming  summer. 

El  Dorado. 
New  M\L.\..—Mouniahi  Democrat,  April  5:  Ben 
Parlow  has  about  completed  a  5-stamp  mill  on  the 
Gentle  Annie  mine,  Poverty  Point,  with  accommo- 
dations in  the  mill  for  5  stamps  more.  The  mill 
will  be  ready  for  operation  about  the  latter  part  of 
next  week.  The  ledge  as  far  as  opened  shows  up 
well,  and  the  prospect  is  good  for  a  paying  mine. 

Bear  Creek, — Cor.  Georgetown  Gazette,  April 
3:  J.  P.  Mathews  contemplates  extensive  opera- 
tions on  his  placer  claim,  near  Peg-leg  gulch,  soon 
as  weather  permits.  L.  Bingham  is  pushing  things 
right  along  on  his  seam  diggings  at  the  head  of 
Polecat  ravine.  J.  C.  Day  has  several  men  em- 
ployed in  his  gravel  claim  on  Kanaka  ravine,  and 
from  all  accounts  it  is  yielding  him  handsome  re- 
turns. The  Darling  brothers  are  preparing  to  com- 
mence sinking  on  their  mine.  They  continue  to 
crush  ore  day  and  night  at  present. 

Inyo. 

Inyo  yi\'^'SUE..— Independent,  April  5:  Mr.  W. 
A.  Goodyear,  geologist  tor  the  State  Mining  Bureau, 
made  a  visit  to  Keeler  and  the  marble  quarry  last 
week.  Mr.  Goodyear  visited  the  quarry  two  years 
ago  and  made  a  report  upon  it  as  it  then  appeared. 
He  now  asks  the  Independent  to  publish  the  fact 
that  since  his  last  visit  large  ledges  of  very  beautiful 
marble  have  been  uncovered  and  that  blocks  of  auy 
size  that  may  be  wanted  can  be  taken  out,  entirely 
free  from  crack  or  blemish  of  any  kind.  He  thinks 
the  marble  is  of  the  finest  quality  and  the  quarry 
practically  inexhaustible. 

TheSylvania  Mines.— Mr.  S.  G.  Gregg  made 
a  visit  to  the  Sylvania  mines  recently.  He  reports 
having  gone  down  a  shaft  to  a  depth  of  80  feet. 
This  shaft  is  in  solid  ore  all  the  way  and  the  vein 
varies  from  6  to  10  feet  and  even  more  in  thickness. 
The  ore  carries  three  ounces  in  gold  per  ton,  60 
ounces  silver,  and  about  60  per  cent  lead.  This 
makes  the  ore  worth  about  $i6o  per  ton.  Mr. 
Gregg  says  the  vein  has  not  been  explored  beyond 
the  shaft  on  either  side  along  the  ledge.  On  the 
surface  the  ledge  is  easily  traced  at  least  600  feet. 
In  the  bottom  of  the  shaft  the  vein  appeared  to  con- 
tinue without  change,  Mr.  Gregg  thinks  the  prop- 
erly is  very  valuable.  This  is  one  of  the  claims  re- 
cently bought  by  Andy  Fyfe  and  others  from  a  pros- 
pector named  Kincaid.  An  adjoining  claim  be- 
longing to  Bourchier  &  Son  is  more  extensively 
prospected  than  the  above.  Mr.  Gregg  did  not  ex- 
amine the  mine,  but  he  says  Mr.  Fyfe  has  it  bonded 
and  told  him  it  was  the  better  mine  of  the  two.  Mr. 
Fyfe  will  put  up  a  30-ton  smelting  furnace  some 
time  this  spring.  Mr.  Gregg  visited  Sylvania  as  one 
of  a  committee  appointed  from  Big  Pine  to  lay  out 
a  new  road  from  the  railroad  to  the  mines.  The 
road  will  be  45  miles  long  and  will  be  put  through 
without  loss  of  time. 

In  the  Southern  Camps.  —  Register,  April  3 
Most  all  the  names  mentioned  in  this  item  are  more 
or  less  old-timers,  and  m3ny  Register  readers  will  be 
glad  to  learn  of  the  boys'  present  whereabouts:  Rich 
ard  Decker,  John  Lemoigne  are  chloriding  in  the 
Hemlock  mine  at  Panamint;  Jack  Curran  and  John 
Lee  are  at  work  on  their  own  properties  in  the  same 
camp.  Arthur  Smith,  Wni.  Hannagen,  Oscar 
Stickney,  Crittenden  Hampton  and  F.  P.  Meysan 
are  with  Fitzgerald  at  Medlock.  With  Mr.  and 
Mrs.  J.  J.  Gann  at  the  old  Minniatta  properties  are 
Paul  Myrteneireen,  Hugh  McNeal,  John  Donnelly 
and  Frank  Elder.    James   McDonald  continues  at 


the  Defiance,  and  has  Frank  Barthoi  Barna  Mc- 
Donald. Adolph  Elias  and  J.  Donahoe.  "The 
Lucky  Jim  "  boys  are  J.  G.  McLean,  Lake  Reagan 
and  Wm,  Avery,  who  are  enjoying  the  hospitalities 
of  the  property  owner,  J.  A.  McKenzie.  At  Reeler 
Dave  Holland,  Paul  Houard,  Louis  Schalten. 
j.  N.  Yandeli  (the  latter  with  the  Union  Mining 
Co.).  Supt.  Wrinkle  and  Foreman  Gray  are  run- 
ning the  Soda  Works  with  J.  A.  Reagan  and  A.  M. 
Fleming  and  a  few  Chinamem.  The  old  Swansea 
furnace  slag-pile  affords  lucrative  work  to  Mark 
Hand  and  Jim  Stansbury.  The  Marble  Works» 
in  charge  of  Captain  J.  V.  B.  Bowman,  employs 
ten  good  new-comers.  The  Union  at  Cerro  Gordo, 
with  our  old  Esmeralda  friend,  Clem  Ogg,  as  fore- 
man and  Henry  Stansfield  as  clerk,  employs  some 
17  men,  all  of  whom  are  strangers.  There  are 
8  contractors  in  the  mine  besides,  most  of  whom 
are  regular  residents  of  the  old  lead  camp. 

Mart'POBa. 

The  Francis, — News.  April  5:  Andrew  O'cese, 
who  now  owns  and  operates  the  Francis  mine  and 
mill,  was  in  Mariposa  last  week.  Without  giving 
the  figures  as  to  the  yield  per  ton,  Mr.  Olcese  ex- 
presses himself  satisfied  with  the  general  results. 
Thei-e  are  about  16  men  at  work^.  under  the  direc- 
tion of  Richard  Ham,  who  bears  the  reputation  of 
being  a  competent  mining  superintendent.  The 
mill  is  run  by  water-power  from  Mariposa  creek, 
and  the  supply  this  year  will  hold  out  much  later 
than  in  ordinary  seasons 

Nevada. 
Rich  Ore.  —Grass  Valley  Tidings,  April  4: 
The  Champion  mine,  Nevada  district,  continues  to 
send  out  very  rich  ore,  and  with  the  Mountaineer 
pays  dividends  regularly.  There  should  be  more 
such  mines  in  the  locality. 

Proposed  Mining  Consolidation.  —  Grass 
Valley  Union,  April  6:  There  is  a  proposition  to 
consolidate  the  Morning  Star  and  other  great  min- 
ing properties  near  Iowa  Kill,  by  which  drainage 
would  be  secured-by  the  tunnel  that  is  now  being 
driven  into  the  Morning  Star  ground,  as  it  is  now  in 
over  3100  feet. 

San  DieKO. 
Along  the  Gila  and  Colorado.— Los  Angeles 
Herald,  April  5:  Colonel  Tommy  Gates  brings 
pleasant  news  of  what  is  going  on  at  Yuma.  The 
old  town  is  improving  slowly  but  in  a  healthy  man^ 
ner,  with  an  excellent  prospject  for  the  future, 
There  is  no  end  of  development  in  mining  in  the 
district  along  the  Colorado  and  Gila  rivers.  E.  H, 
Harazlhy  is  spending  from  $3000  to  $4000  on  the 
Gila,  15  miles  up  from  Yuma,  to  make  a  thorough 
test  of  the  gravel  at  that  point.  Then  Mr.  Gratz, 
of  St.  Louis,  who  represents  a  large  syndicate  of 
that  city,  is  putting  in  a  plant,  at  a  cost  of  $4000, 
develop  the  "dirt"  30  miles  above  Yuma,  on  the 
California  side  of  the  Colorado.  He  pumps  the 
water  up  300  feet  from  the  river  to  work  his  mill. 
He  is  doing  well.  Jim  Cushingbury,  the  old  super- 
intendent of  the  Vulture  mine,  is  putting  in  a  plant, 
at  a  cost  of  $10,000,  twelve  miles  above  Yuma  on 
the  Arizona  side  of  the  Colorado.  This  is  at  La- 
guna.  Next  comes  a  Mr.  Kelly  from  one  of  the 
towns  in  Missouri,  a  newspaper  man,  who  has  secur- 
ed several  claims  on  the  Gila,  where  he  is  making 
preparations  to  spend  $25,000  in  a  plant  to  work  his 
mines.  Mr.  Blaisdell,  of  the  Cargo  Muchacho 
mine,  18  miles  up  the  Colorado,  is  working  "dirt" 
that  pays  $16  a  ton  right  along.  He  gets  water 
from  the  river,  too.  He  is  making  a  ditch  from  the 
Gila  to  Gila  City,  where  he  has  15  acres  of  fine  vines 
and  10  acres  of  excellent  orchard.  He  will  carry 
this  ditch  on  to  Yuma.  There  is  a  party  of  English 
people  who  have  been  about  Yuma  for  some  time. 
They  have  returned  to  London  with  samples  of  ore 
from  all  along  the  Colorado  and  Gila,  and  some 
from  Sonora  which  they  will  carefully  assay  with  a 
view  of  investing  capital  to  take  hold  of  the  mines. 
Col.  Gates  thinks  there  is  a  great  deal  of  fine  dirt 
along  that  part  of  the  country,  and  that  there  is  a 
fine  future  in  store  for  it.  Many  people  of  this  city 
will  be  glad  to  know  that  Tommy  has  secured  some 
of  this  rich  mining  property  for  himself,  and  they 
will  all  hope  that  it  may  turn  out  even  richer  than 
he  thinks. 

Shasta. 
Prospectors.  —  Shasta  Courier,  April  6:  The 
country  for  miles  around  town  is  being  investigated 
by  prospectors  and  a  number  of  very  promising 
ledges  are  being  worked.  Many  prospectors  com- 
plam  to  us  of  professional  locators  or  persons  who 
plaster  the  country  over  with  claim  notices,  but  do 
little  or  no  work  except  to  prowl  around  and  renew 
notices  when  dates  expire. 

Chlorination  Works.— Redding  Free  Press, 
April  6;  Charley  Butter's  chlorination  works  at 
Kennet  are  a  big  success.  He  is  working  ore  from  a 
wide  range  of  mining-fields,  having  received  ship- 
ments from  South  and  Central  America,  from  the 
Rocky  mountain  regions,  and  large  lots  from  Grass 
Valley.  Once  having  established  the  reputation  of 
being  able  to  extract  a  greater  per  cent  of  precious 
metals  from  rebellious  ores— it  is  a  fact  that  he  can — 
than  all  the  chlorination  works  of  the  country,  it 
means  that  he  will  have  to  double  and  treble  the 
capacity  of  his  works.  He  now  employs  a  force  of 
from  10  to  20  men. 

At  Work.— a.  McKay,  tunnel  contractor  on  the 
Scherer  tellurium  mine,  has  a  force  of  about  ten  men 
at  work.  As  soon  as  they  get  into  the  mouth  of  the 
tunnel,  three  shifts  will  be  put  on,  running  night  and 
day,  and  the  force  will  be  increased  accordingly. 

Squaw  Creek.— J.  M.  Vannoy  came  down  Mon- 
day from  the  Squaw  Creek  mines,  where  he  has  a 
very  promising  piece  of  property  himself.  He  says 
that  the  Uncle  Sam,  the  Snyder  and  Brown  and 
Black  Bear  mines,  after  a  winter  of  idleness,  have 
resumed  operations.  The  Uncle  Sam  is  running 
full  blast,  operating  20  stamps  and  feeding  over  50 
men.  These  mines  started  up  about  the  first  of  last 
month.  The  summer  of  'go  will  be  a  very  active 
one  in  mining  circles. 

Sierra. 
Pike  City.— ^/^.  Messenger,  Aprils:  The  Sun- 
flower mine  is  working  two  men.  It  does  not  sound 
bad  to  hear  the  whistle  blow  every  day.  Chatfield 
Bros,  are  mining  on  Grisley  creek  and  seem  to  be 
doing  quite  well.  Nels  Hansen  and  Frank  Misley 
are  mining  near  Alaska  mine,  Louis  Barnes  has 
charge  of  the  Alaska  mine  now. 

The  Wide  Awake.— Cor.  Mt.  Messenger,  April 
5:  Allow  me  to  correct  your  statement  concerning 
the  Wide  Awake  mine  in  your  issue  of  March  22d. 
It  looks  odd  when  you  state  that  the  Wide  Awake 
new  tunnel  seems  to  be  just  in  the  right  place.     The 


old  workings  toward  the  new  tunnel  were  longer 
than  we  anticipated,  and  the  course  we  run  direct 
to  the  old  works  shortened  the  distance  so  that  when 
we  raised  a  chute  we  had  to  run  80  feet  thence  to 
connect  with  the  old  works.  This  was  all  pure  ac- 
cident and  our  good  luck.  If  the  new  tunnel  was  in 
the  right  place  and  direction  we  would  have  struck 
the  old  workings  in  November  last,  when  the  con- 
tract was  finished,  instead  of  running  175  feet  to  get 
there. 

Trinity. 

Quartz  Boulders.  —  Redding  Free  Press, 
April  6:  A  man  by  the  name  of  Bragdon  and  other 
parties  recently  struck  a  20-acre  lot  of  boulders  on 
East  Fork,  Trinity  county.  The  oreHs  rich  in  free 
gold  and  sulphurets.  a  quantity  of  which  is  displayed 
in  the  bank  of  Shasta  county,  and  judging  from 
what  the  discoverers  say  themselves,  it  is  one  of  the 
most  remarkable  finds  ever  made  in  these  northern 
fields.  There  must  be  a  tremendous  ledge  some- 
where on  the  mountain-side  from  whence  these 
boulders  rolled,  and  if  ever  found  may  be  a  bonanza 
surpassing  the  Treadwell  lode  on  Douglas  island, 
Alaska. 

Doing  Well.— 7(7Hr/;(7<!,  Aprils:  John  A.  Hub- 
bard of  Douglas  City  was  in  town  this  week  and 
informed  us  that  his  claim  is  turning  out  satisfac- 
torily. Up  to  the  present  time  he  has  had  plenty 
of  water  and  the  production  was  all  that  could  be 
expected.  This  is  one  of  the  richest  mines  in  the 
county,  but  the  lack  of  the  required  amount  of  water 
has  prevented  it  from  being  one  of  the  first  in  point 
of  gold  yielded  annually. 

Progressing. — The  Trinity  Gold  M.  Co.  has  a 
small  head  of  water  in  its  lower  ditch  and  in  a 
few  days  the  ditch  will  be  cleared  and  repaired  to 
the  head  and  running  full  of  water.  This  amount 
will  give  them  about  six  hours  run  each  day.  It 
will  take  about  a  month  to  get  water  through  the 
upper  ditch,  as  it  is  badly  demoralized.  On  the 
completion  of  the  upper  ditch  it  is  estimated  that 
a  full  pipe  head  will  be  had  until  July,  and  a  partial 
head  much  longer.  With  ordinary  good  luck  this 
company  will  make  a  good  cleanup  for  the  season. 

Work  to  Begin.- Last  week  George  Bailey 
went  to  the  mine  in  which  he  is  interested  above 
Canyon  City  and  returned  the  first  of  this  week.  He 
reports  between  four  and  five  feet  of  snow  there  and 
it  was  so  soft  that  he  was  unable  to  get  around 
sufficiently  to  inspect  the  tunnels.  He  informs  us 
that  work  on  a  trail  to  the  mine  wilt  begin  in  about 
two  weeks.  The  trail  will  be  built  on  a  good  grade, 
so  that  by  a  little  extra  work  in  the  way  of  widen- 
ing it  can  put  it  in  a  condition  to  admit  machinery 
over  it  should  future  development  justify  the  erec- 
tion of  a  mill.  As  soon  as  the  trail  is  completed  it 
is  expected  that  the  snow  will  be  off  sufficiently  to 
admit  of  opening  up  the  tunnels  and  starting  new 
ones  to  tap  the  lode  at  a  good  depth.  A  good 
deal  of  development  work  will  be  done  on  this 
mine  this  summer  and  much  confidence  is  placed  in 
the  future  of  the  property. 

NEVADA. 


Washoe  District. 

Utah. — Virginia  Enterprise,  April  5:  On  the 725 
level  cutting  out  a  station  on  the  northwest  side  of 
the  shaft. 

Sierra  Nevada. — On  the  630  level  a  southwest 
drift  is  advanced  233  feet  from  the  shaft  station,  con- 
tinuing in  a  porphyry  formation. 

Union  Con, — On  the  1465  level  from  the  north 
lateral  drift,  opposite  west  crosscut  No.  4,  east  cross- 
cut No.  I  is  advanced  234  feet,  continuing  in  hard 
porphyry. 

Mexican. — On  the  1465  level  west  crosscut  No. 
4,  100  feet  south  of  No.  3,  from  the  north  drift  from 
west  crosscut  No.  i,  from  the  main  north  lateral 
drift,  is  extended  77  feet,  continuing  in  porphyry 
carrying  lines  of  quartz. 

Ophir. — On  the  1300  have  been  working  north- 
easterly, following  the  ore  streak  developed  in  the 
raise  above  the  south  drift,  which  having  nar- 
rowed the  drift  was  stopped.  Are  now  working 
southwesterly  from  the  top  of  the  raise  and  extracted 
from  those  points  45  tons  of  milling  ore  during  the 
week. 

Con.  Cal.  &  Va. — The  1300,  1435,  1500  and 
1600  levels  continue  to  yield  the  usual  quantity  of 
ore.  Shipped  to  the  Morgan  mill  1048  tons  and 
1840  pounds  of  ore  and  to  the  Eureka  1752  tons  and 
1360  pounds;  battery  sample  assays  showing  an  av- 
erage value  of  $21.95  Psr"  ton-  Bullion  valued  at 
$50,549.30  shipped  to  San  Francisco.  Bullion  val- 
ued at  about  $55,000  now  on  hand  in  the  local  assay 
office. 

Occidental  Con. — Continue  to  extract  ore  of 
good  quality  from  the  slopes  on  the  400  and  500 
levels.  The  650  level  north  drift  is  advanced  43  feet 
and  continues  in  low-grade  quartz.  The  450  level 
south  lateral  drift  from  the  north  line  is  advanced  11 
feet  and  continues  showing  high-grade  ore. 

North  Occidental. — The  55°  '^vel  joint  east 
crosscut  is  extended  158  feet  and  continues  in  por- 
phyry and  clay.  The  north  drift  from  the  line  west 
crosscut  is  extended  59  feet  and  continues  in  low- 
grade  quartz  and  porphyry. 

Best  &  Belcher.— On  the  1000  level  east  cross- 
cut No.  I  is  extended  305  feet.  Formation,  solt 
porphyry. 

Gould  &  Curry.- On  the  400  level  wpst  cross- 
cut No  I  is  extended  543  feet.  Formation,  hard 
porphyry. 

Northwestern  Con. — Shaft  down  lofeet  below 
100  level  in  hard  porphyry. 

North  Gould  &  Curry  and  East  Best  & 
Pelcher. — West  drift  from  main  lateral  showing 
vein  matter. 

Andes. — The  420  Ipvel  west  drift  from  the  shaft 
station  is  advanced  50  feet  and  continues  in  porphy- 
ry, clay  and  quartz. 

Savage— Shipped  455  ions  of  ore,  showing  an 
average  value  of  $20  by  battery  sample  assays. 
Bullion  on  hand  valued  at  $28,091.70.  The  300 
level  south  drift  is  advanced  143  feet.  The  raise 
above  the  500  level  has  connected  with  the  400  level 
workings. 

Hale  &  Norcross. — Ore  shipments,  suspended 
during  the  week  on  account  of  Nevada  mill  stamps 
being  hung  up,  wiH  be  resumed  to-day.  The  winze 
below  the  1250  level  has  connected  with  the  1300 
level  and  good  ore  is  showing  in  the  bottom. 

Chollar. — The  750  level  east  crosscut,  80  feet 
south  of  the  north  line,  passed  through  11  feet  of 
fair-grade  ore  and  the  face  is  now  in  clay. 

POTOSi. — The  raise  above  the  930  level  is  up  90 
feet  and  shpws  ore  in  the  top,  car  ss^raples  assaying 


$59  per  ton.  The  winze  below  this  level  is  down  30 
ieet,  the  bottom  showing  streaks  of  fair-grade  quartz. 
The  850  level  east  crosscut  is  in  130  feet.  The  face 
is  in  porphyry,  showing  streaks  ot  quartz  giving  fair 
assays.  The  east  crosscut  on  the  same  level,  400 
feet  south  of  the  north  line,  is  out  151  feet,  the  face 
in  porphyry. 

Ward  Combination  Shaft. — The  1800  level 
east  drift  is  out  300  feet.  The  Julia  northwest  drift 
is  out  260  feet. 

Alpha. — The  500  level  west  crosscut  is  smt  535 
feet  and  continues  in  porphyry.  Repairs  to  tfw  600 
level  station  timbering  in  progress. 

Exchequer.— The  500  level  north  line  east  cross- 
cut is  in  150  feet,  and  continues  in  porphyry.  The: 
600  level  north  drift  is  out  215  feet,  the  face  in  por- 
phyry. 

Con.  New  York.— Top  of  raise  above  800  leveli 
continues  in  fair-grade  quartz.  The  650  level  west: 
drift  is  out  235  feet,  face  in  porphyry. 

Scorpion.— The  southwest  drift  from  the  630 
level  shaft  station  is  advanced  173  feet  and  continues 
in  porphyry. 

Imperial. — The  300  level  west  crosscut.  No.  2, 
continues  in  quartz  and  porphyry.  The  500  level 
west  crosscut  continues  in  quartz  and  porphyry, 
and  west  crosscut  No.  i  from  the  north  lateral  drift 
continues  in  the  same  material. 

Kentuck.— Sinking  a  winze  in  ore  below  the  950 
level. 

Yellow  Jacket. — During  the  week  shipped  600 
tons  of  ore,  battery  sample  assays  showing  an  aver- 
age value  of  $21.75  psi"  to^' 

Crown  Point.— Shipped  during  the  week  859 
tons  of  ore,  showing  an  average  value  of  $18.76  per 
ton  by  pulp  assays.  Bottom  of  winze  below  ^00 
level  south  drill  continues  in  fair-grade  ore.  Slop- 
ing from  the  raise  above  the  160  level. 

Confidence  &  Challenge.— Work  during  the 
week  confined  to  repairing  drift  timbering. 

Belcher.— The  joint  850  level  east  crosscut  is  ini 
295  feet,  the  face  in  hard  porphyry.  The  200  level 
south  drift  continues  in  quartz  showing  spots  of  low- 
grade  ore. 

Silver  Hill. — The  260  level  northeast  crosscut 
from  the  northwest  drift  continues  in  quartz  and 
porphyry. 

Seg.  Belcher.— The  1000  level  southeast  drift  is 
out  102  feet  in  quartz  assaving  from  $5  to  $15  per 
ton.  The  850  level  Belcher  joint  crosscut  is  in  por- 
phyry. 

Justice.— During  the  week  crushed  207  tons  of 
ore  showing  a  value  of  $27.56  per  ton  by  battery 
sample  assays.  The  490  level  south  drift  is  out  553; 
feet. 

Alta. — The  ore  output  this  week  was  320  tons, 
showing  an  average  assay  value  of  $24.25  per  ton  by 
pulp  assays. 

Overman. — Shipped  242  tons  of  ore  during  the 
week,  showing  an  average  value  of  $18  47  per  ton 
by  battery  sample  assays,  of  which  $10  85  was  gold. 
The  raise  above  the  1200  north\\est  drilt  is  extended 
II  feet  through  ore  assaying  from  $22  to  $46  per  ton. 

Bure^a  District. 

The  Lord  Byron  Mine.  ~  Sentinel,  Aprils: 
We  learn  from  reliable  sources  that  the  Lord  Byron 
mine  of  the  Ruby  M.  Co.  (Limited),  of  London^ 
Eng..  situated  in  this  district,  is  looking  splendid. 
The  o'd  slopes  are  showing  a  great  deal  of  ore  in 
sight,  and  a  new  discovery  ot  ore  has  been  made  be-i 
low  ihe  tunnel  level  which  looks  promising.  The 
prospects  of  this  mine  are  very  bright. 

RoblDBon  District. 

Examining  Mines.  —Eureka  Sentinel,  April  5: 
S.  H.  Lanyon  and  O.  T.  Boaz  arriv^ed  here  last  Sat- 
urday and. departed  on  Sunday  for  Robinson  district 
to  examine  some  mining  properly  under  bond  to 
them.  Mr.  Lanyon  is  of  the  firm  of  S.  H.  Lanyon 
&  Bro.,  zinc  smeUers  at  Pittsburg,  Kas.  The  firm 
supply  the  Eureka  Con.  M.  Co.  with  the  zinc 
the  latter  use  in  their  refining  process.  They 
supply  some  of  the  greatest  concerns  of  the  kind 
west  of  the  Rockies.  Mr.  Boaz  is  a  gas  engineer 
and  the  owner  of  the  gas,  electric  light  and  water- 
works at  Pittsburg.  We  trust  the  gentlemen  will  be 
pleased  with  the  mines  they  are  thinking  of  invest- 
ing in. 

Wild  Rose  District. 

Rich  Ore  Chimnkys.— Silver  State,  April  4: 
The  Paradise  M.  Co.  has  been  prospecting  its 
mines  to  a  considerable  extent  during  the  winter. 
In  the  Wild  Goose  they  sank  shafts  and  run  drills 
in  new  ground  and  discovered  three  fine  chimneys 
of  ore  in  different  levels,  one  as  deep  as  the  300- 
foot  level.  One  of  tlfese  ore  bodies  has  been  opened 
to  a  considerable  extent  and  shows  a  vein  of  very 
good  ore  from  7  to  8  feet  wide. 

ARIZONA. 

Notes.  —  Prescott  Courier.  April  5:  Johnson's 
pack  train,  with  rich  gold  ore  from  the  Crowned 
King  mine,  Bradshaw  district,  unloaded  at  the  Pres- 
cott ore  works  yesterday.  Crowned  King  and  Oro 
Bella  mills  are  doing  profitable  work.  The  Mock- 
ingbird mill.  Cherry  district,  commenced  work 
Wednesday  last.  Richard  DeKuhn  is  manager; 
Frank  Raymond  and  T.  J.  Flannery  are  the  engi- 
neers. Mill  lay  idle  for  eight  weeks.  Chances  are 
favorable  for  the  speedy  starting  of  the  Tiger  mill. 
Men  are  being  sent  out  to  work  in  the  Tiger  lode. 
John  McDonald  and  Fred  Sattes  are  in  great  need 
of  a  pack  train  to  bring  in  ore  from  the  Blue  Dick 
mine.  Eight  thousand  dollars  in  placer  gold  was 
the  sum  sent  into  Prescott  last  week.  Teams  to  haul 
in  coke,  etc,  and  bring  out  bullion  from  United 
Verde  are  badly  needed.  B.  T.  Riggs,  one  of  the 
owners  of  the  Hillside  mine,  has  come  back  to  Pres- 
cott. He  brought  with  him  a  great  many  pounds 
of  very  rich  silver  ore.  Joe  Howell  is  here  from  the 
Hillside  and  says  it  is  the  best  silver  properly  he  has 
ever  seen.  S.  G.  Turner  of  B*g  Bug  was  in  Pres- 
cotl  yesterday.  He  came  via  Lynx  creek  and  says 
the  Dixie  and  Farnham  mills  are  running.  Joe 
Chambers  has  charge  of  the  last-named  mill  and  is 
making  ii  do  excellent  work.  He  saves  almost  ev- 
ery bit  of  gold.  Sinking  is  all  the  time  going  on  in 
the  Boggs  and  Hackberry  mines,  Big  Bug  district, 
likewise  in  the  Senator,  Hassayampa  district.  Wa- 
ter is  too  plentiful  in  the  Senator.  Miners  are 
rustling  for  pack  animals  to  bring  in  ore. 

IDAHO. 

Pine  Grove.— Elmore  Bulletin,  April  2:  But 
little  has  been  done  here  this  winter  in  mining  mat- 
ters,  aside    from    the    Franklin    mine.     The    only 


Apbil  12,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


261 


mioes  worked  are  the  Mountain  \'iew  and  Mawk- 
eye,  and  they  are  both  producing,  targe  quantities 
o(  ore.  We  have  plenty  ol  good  mines  here,  but 
need  capital  to  work  thcni.  It  is  uphill  business 
for  a  poor  prospector  to  do  much  in  the  way  of  de- 
velopment. If  capitalists  would  come  to  this  camp 
1  am  sure  they  would  find  a  good  place  to  invest 
their  money  in  mines. 

The  Vishnu  in  New  Ha.nos.— Elmore  lUdUtin, 
April  3:  The  celebrated  Vishnu  mine  at  this  place 
has  at  last  got  into  the  hands  of  men  capable  of 
making  it  productive.  Messrs.  Woodrow  &  Mc- 
Cornick  on  Monday  paid  over  the  purchase-money, 
$30,000,  to  Jacob  Reeser  and  the  administrator  of 
the  Settle  estate,  and  were  placed  in  possession  of 
the  property.  This  transfer  is  no  small  item  for  the 
prosperity  of  this  camp.  The  Vishnu  is  not- 
ed for  its  great  wealth  of  gold,  but  the  property  has 
for  years  been  lied  up  in  such  a  manner  that  it  was 
of  httic  benefit  to  its  owners  or  the  community. 
Henceforth  it  will  be  worked  upon  a  large  scale  and 
in  an  advaniaReous  manner.  The  mine  is  to  be 
worked  by  a  tunnel  leading  from  the  Elmore  new 
shaft  and  the  ore  will  be  reduced  at  the  Elmore  mill. 
Daylight  is  certainly  dawning  for  the  Rocky  Bar 
once  more.  With  the  Elmore,  the  Vishnu,  the 
I^ittsburg.  the  Ophir,  the  Wide  West,  the  Goat,  all 
being  worked  under  the  control  of  energetic  men, 
what  is  to  prevent  the  most  prosperous  mining  sea- 
son ever  experienced  in  Rocky  Bar? 

The  Hasin  Mines. — IJoise  Statesman,  April  3: 
Mr.  J.  B.  Emory,  a  merchant  at  Idaho  City,  says 
there  is  not  a  more  hopeful  class  of  men  in  the 
world  at  the  present  time  than  the  miners  of  Boise 
county,  and  particularly  those  in  and  about  Idaho 
City.  There  is  a  great  deal  of  sluicing  going  on 
already  and  piles  ol  rich  dirt  that  have  been  taken 
out.  which  it  has  been  impossible  to  wash  for  the 
past  three  years,  on  account  of  the  scarcity  of  water, 
have  been  treated  this  spring  with  good  results. 
Money  is  already  becoming  easier  though  the 
season  has  but  just  begun.  Mr.  Emory  thinks  this 
will  be  the  best  year  Boise  county  will  have  experi- 
enced since  the  flush  times  of  the  first  few  years 
after  the  discovery  of  the  camp.  There  is  plenty  of 
snpw  in  the  Basin.  It  is  from  one  to  ten  feet  deep. 
Fipmg  has  already  commenced  and  men  are  sluic- 
ing on  the  small  creeks  and  othT  streams.  In 
speaking  of  the  Bed  Rock  flume,  Mr.  Emory  said 
that  not  one-half  of  the  placer  gold  in  Boise  Basin 
has  been  taken  out  and  he  believed  the  work  per- 
formed in  the  foregoing  connection  would  pay 
largely.  The  company  has  over  six  miles  of  terri- 
tory on  More  Creek  to  sluice,  but  it  15  not  contigu- 
ous, A  claim  belonging  to  Frank  Headen's  estate 
cuts  their  territory  in  two  sections,  Headen  had 
expended  $10,000  in  preparing  his  ground  for  work 
when  be  was  taken  ill  and  died  on  Sunday  last. 
A  week  more  of  labor  and  he  would  have  been  ready 
for  sluicing.  He  thinks  the  Bed  Rock  Flume  Co. 
will  purchase  the  properly  of  the  heirs  and  thus  con- 
nect ail  of  their  own.  Mr.  Emory  further  says 
there  is  a  great  amount  of  gold  in  the  company's 
ground  and  that  they  will  be  successful  in  getting  it 
out.  Mr.  Emory  has  a  great  deal  of  faith  in  the 
quartz  mines  of  Boise  county.  He  says  they  are 
being  discovered  and  opened  faster  than  any  ac- 
counts are  received  and  that  by  the  time  the  placer- 
mining  industry  of  the  Basin  shall  have  become 
'ess  remunerative  the  lodes  will  be  so  developed  as 
to  insure  great  returns  and  the  pTmanency  of  the 
mining  business  of  the  county.  The  products  of  the 
mills  of  Boise,  large  though  they  may  be  considered 
now,  are  as  a  drop  in  the  bucket  to  what  they  will 
be  by  thetime  the  placers  have  been    worked    out, 

A  Strike  in  the  Red  Cloud.— Wood  River 
Times,  April  2:  Last  Saturday  the  news  was  received 
of  a  new  strike  recently  made  in  the  face  of  tun- 
nel No.  3  in  the  Red  Cloud  group  of  mines. 
The  strike  is  of  two  feet  of  solid  galena,  besides  the 
usual  flanking  of  concentrating  ore.  As  it  was  made 
in  the  face  of  the  tunnel  or  drift,  work  in  which 
had  been  discontinued  by  the  former  owners  of  the 
property  because  of  an  evident  lack  of  confidence  in 
the  continuity  of  the  ore  body,  this  last  strike  is  very 
encouraging. 

Lost  River. — Cor.  Wood  River  Times,  April  2: 
The  people  of  Houston  are  now  feeling  somewhat 
encouraged  over  the  prospiects  of  a  mining  boom. 
Several  experts,  representing  a  New  York  company, 
are  novv  there  and  have  secured  working  bonds  on 
many  of  the  best-known  properties  of  the  district, 
and  it  is  said  to  be  their  intention  to  commence 
work  as  soon  as  practicable. 

MONTANA. 

Granite  Mountain.— Anaconda  Review,  April 
3:  The  output  for  the  week  ending  March  27th  of 
the  Granite  Mountain  was  49  bars  of  bullion,  con- 
taining 73,440  ounces  fine  silver  and  164  ounces  fine 
gold.  A  contract  was  let  last  Saturday  to  W.  M. 
Price  and  Geo.  Krier  to  run  a  tunnel  level  125  feet 
on  the  Diamond  mine  in  Red  Lion  district.  This 
tunnel  is  to  connect  with  a  shaft  now  down  100  feet. 
From  A.  S.  McDooald.  who  was  in  town  from  the 
Cable  district  last  week,  we  learn  that  the  Golden 
Gate  property  is  looking  very  fine.  The  tunnel  is 
now  in  135  feet,  and  a  good  body  of  ore  is  en- 
countered there  about  two  feet  thick.  From  A.  C, 
MacCallum,  who  has  just  returned  from  a  trip  to 
Champion,  we  learn  that  that  camp  is  on  the  high 
road  to  prosperity.  The  American  Ruby  have  a 
crosscut  at  the  200-foot  level,  and  have  struck  an 
elegant  lead  of  silver  ore.  There  is  a  great  deal  of 
building  going  on  in  the  camp  just  now,  and  by  the 
ist  of  June  everything  will  be  booming. 

Bi-Metallic. — This  company  seems  determined 
to  outrival  the  great  Granite  mine  in  every  particu- 
lar. During  the  past  week  excavations  have  been 
going  on  at  the  hoist,  and  lumber  is  being  conveyed 
to  the  site  for  the  building  of  an  addition  to  the 
present  shaft-house,  which,  when  completed,  will 
make  the  largest  shaft-house  in  Montana,  The 
company  has  paid  off  its  indebtedness  of  $600,000. 
Since  the  50-stamp  mill  started  up,  a  year  ago  last 
February,  the  company  has  been  earning  on  an 
average  of  over  $50,000  per  month  over  and  above 
expenses,  and  has  been  steadily  reducing  the  debt 
contracted  in  placing  upon  the  property  the  nec- 
essary machinery.  Previous  to  the  completion  of 
the  plant,  the  mine  had  been  producing  at  the  rate 
of  $40,000  to  $50,000  monthly,  which  was  shipped 
to  Omaha.  The  mine  has  been  systematically  de- 
veloped. Besides  the  50-stamp  mill,  which  has  a 
capacity  of  75  tons  per  day,  the  company  has 
erected  a  tramway  from  the  mine  to  the  mill,  about 
two  miles  in  length,  and  hoisting  works.  It  is  the 
intention  of  the  company  to  create  a  fund  of  from 


$100,000  to  5150,000  before  paying  dividends.  .A 
new  engine  has  been  ordered  that  will  likewise  be 
equal  to  any  other  in  the  State.  When  all  these  im- 
provemcQis  arc  completed  the  Bi-Mclallic  will  have 
one  of  the  very  best  mining  plants  in  Montana,  and, 
in  short,  it  may  soon  become  the  greatest  producer 
— or  at  least  equal  the  Granite.  W.  Thomas  Hart, 
acting  superintendent  at  the  Bi-Metallic  in  the 
absence  of  J.  B.  Risque,  is  experimenting  on  a  new 
process  for  roasting  the  Bi-Metallic  ores,  and  th« 
first  test  was  made  last  Tuesday.  Should  this  new 
undertaking  prove  a  success,  the  company  intend 
treating  their  base  ores  by  the  roasting  process  in- 
stead of  building  a  smelter. 

Fkanklin,— Deer  Lodge  AVu»  AVrMr^'cj/,  April 
4:  The  company  has  expended  in  development 
something  Hke  $13,500,  which  is  really  much  less 
than  it  would  have  cost  to  have  sunk  a  shaft  to  the 
depth  of  the  tunnel  of  391  feet.  One  man  can 
handle  all  the  waste  material  for  two  shifts  01  min- 
ers, while  the  water  takes  care  of  itself,  thereby  sav- 
ing the  expense  of  a  hoist.  The  company  has  930 
feet  more  of  the  ledge  yet  unexplored,  the  cropping 
of  a  portion  of  which  shows  good  rock. 

The  Zosel  District.— Two  fairly  promising  lo- 
cations m  this  district  are  the  Carbonate  Extension 
and  Bonanza,  the  properties  of  Wm,  Zosel  and 
Julius  Richter.  They  are  now  practically  only  pros- 
pects. The  Carbonate  Extension  shaft  is  now  down 
over  30  feet.  One  carload  shipped  from  the  Emery 
lead  last  summer  netted  $583,  and  the  extension  of 
Mr.  Zosel  is  a  lead  containing  similar  ore.  The 
Bonanza,  the  shaft  of  which  is  now  down  15  feet, 
has  ore  similar  to  that  of  the  Hidden  Hand,  in  the 
same  neighborhood.  One  assay  made  from  a  choice 
piece  of  rock  went  46  per  cent  of  lead  and  76  ounces 
silver.  The  poorest  assay  went  2M  ounces  silver 
only.  The  Carbonate  Hill  or  Emery  lead  has  more 
than  paid  expenses  from  the  beginning. 

The  American-Ruby.— The  strike  the  latter 
part  of  last  week  in  this  mine  is  calculated  to  make 
the  stockholders  happy.  At  the  200-fool  level  the 
crosscut  struck  the  tootwall  of  the  vein,  which  at  this 
point  measures  12  feet  in  width.  Next  to  the  fooiwall 
the  pay  streak  averages  2  feet  in  width.  Two  samples 
from  the  whole  of  the  pay  streak  went  respectively 
46,60  and  87. 10  ounces  silver,  with  about  $4  of  gold. 
This  is  exclusive  of  the  pay  streak  on  the  hanging- 
wall  and  avoiding  the  high-grade  ore,  none  oi  the 
richest  specimens  of  high-grade  ore  having  yet  been 
assayed.  The  drifting  is  being  prosecuted  east  and 
west  00  the  vein. 

The  Incline.— The  IncUne  lead,  in  Zosel  dis- 
trict, is  the  property  of  Moise  Menard,  John  Renaud 
and  Charles  Cummings,  Two  men  have  been  kept 
at  work  on  the  lead  for  the  last  three  months.  An 
incline  tunnel  following  the  lead  has  been  run  to  a 
length  of  90  feet,  with  a  vertical  depth  of  from  35  to 
45  feet.  Two  assays  made  last  week  run  respect- 
ively T02  and  53.95  ounces  silver.  There  was  3  per 
cent  lead  and  24  per  cent  of  iron  in  the  first  assay. 
This  does  not.  however,  give  the  proper  proportion 
of  lead  in  the  vein,  as  it  must,  the  owners  think, 
contain  about  35  per  cent  lead. 

NEW  MEXICO. 

Development  Work.— .Silver  City  Enterprise. 
April  5:  Milt  Miller,  one  of  the  fortunate  owners 
of  the  Alhambra,  at  Black  Hawk,  informs  the  Enter- 
prise that  the  new  strike  in  the  mine  appears  to  be 
more  extensive  and  richer  than  any  before  made. 
Uncle  Ben  Hopson  of  Black  Hawk  is  still  taking 
out  rich  ore,  and  will  soon  have  another  shipment 
ready.  John  Soiller  has  been  employed  ^s  superin- 
tendent of  the  Pacific  mine  and  mill.  The  lessees  in 
the  lower  level  of  the  south  end  of  the  Atlantic  mine, 
where  the  ore  had  been  somewhat  pinched,  have 
struck  a  good-sized  body  of  pay  ore.  Iron  ore  is 
again  moving_from  Silver  City  in  large  quantities. 
Hardly  a  day  passes  but  what  from  three  to  six 
cars  pass  down  the  road.  One  day  last  week  eight 
cars  of  ore,  one  from  Georgetown,  two  of  concen- 
trates from  the  Aztec,  one  of  zinc  and  four  of  iron 
from  Silver  City  and  Hanover,  were  shipped  to  vari- 
ous points.  Zinc  shipments  are  becoming  quite  a 
feature  in  our  output,  and  the  prospects  are  that  the 
output  of  this  particular  class  of  ore  will  be  many 
time^  doubled  before  the  year  expires.  On  Monday 
last  ground  was  broken  for  the  erection  of  a  lo-stamp 
mill  and  concentrator.  The  site  is  an  eligible  one 
at  the  foot  of  the  spur  dipping  in  the  valley  just  be- 
low town.  It  is  put  up  principally  for  concentrating 
the  constantly  increasing  amount  of  second-class  ore 
on  the  Ruby,  which  assays  from  $40  to  $50  per  ton, 
and  of  which  there  are  now  700  or  800  tons  on  the 
dump;  the  first-class,  running  from  $500  to  $700  per 
ton,  is  shipped  to  Socorro.  This  will  be  a  great  ac- 
commodation to  miners  and  a  necessary  adjunct. 
The  Grand  Tower  is  being  quietly  worked  with 
continued  assurances  of  being  a  mine,  and  several 
hundred  tons  of  second-class  ore  for  the  present  will 
likely  be  concentrated  at  the  new  mill.  Clark  & 
Sullivan  have  a  mine  three  miles  southeast  of  Gold 
Hill  that  bids  fair  to  be  of  some  importance.  They 
will  sooD  ship  a  carload  which  will  net  $150  gold  and 
$15  silver  per  ton. 

OREGON. 

Piping. — Jacksonville  Times,  April  6:  Piping  is 
progressing  at  the  Sterling  mines  at  a  lively  rate,  A 
big  cleanup  will  no  doubt  be  made  there.  Lansing 
&  Drake  of  Brush  creek  have  been  cleaning  up  some 
ground  stripped  by  the  February  flood  and  did  well, 
picking  up  some  nice  pieces  of  gold.  E  Sanderson 
Smith  is  in  Steamboat  district,  engaged  in  prospect- 
ing Griffith  &  Co.'s  quariz  ledge  for  capitalists 
abroad.  He  has  two  shifts  of  men  at  work.  John 
T.  Layton  of  Applegate  precinct  has  finished  re- 
pairing his  ditch  and  will  commence  piping  at  once. 
John  Milter's  extensive  mines  on  Farmer's  flat  were 
so  badly  damaged  by  the  February  flood  that  he 
found  it  impossible  to  operate  them  this  year.  He 
may  abandon  them  altogether  if  the  cost  of  putting 
them  into  good  shape  again  will  cost  as  much  as  he 
thinks  it  will.  Mr.  Miller  has  expended  several 
thousand  dollars  there  and  we  are  sorry  to  learn  that 
his  loss  has  been  so  great.  A  choice  specimen  of  ore 
from  the  ledge  of  G.  A.  Tyler,  near  Grant's  Pass, 
was  laid  on  our  table  this  week.  It  is  said  to  assay 
almost  70  per  cent  of  tin,  and  as  the  ledge  is  12  feet 
wide  and  has  been  traced  for  a  .distance  of  three 
miles  or  over,  the  discovery  of  its  value  naturally 
caused  considerable  excitement  in  the  vicinity  of 
Grant's  Pass.  Dr.  E.  B.  Stone  of  this  place  is  now 
engaged  in  analyzing  the  ore  to  verify  the  assay 
made  at  San  Francisco, 


List  of  U.  S.  Patents  for  Pacific  Coast 
Inventors. 

Reported  by  Dewey  &  Oo.,  Pioneer  Patent 
SoUcltora  for  Paclflc  Coaet. 

FOR  WEEK  ENDING  APRIL  I,  l8gO. 

424599.— Incubator  — B.  W.  .S,  Clark,  Los 
Angpies,  Cal. 

424,771.— Fruit-P.tter,  etc.— Fleming  &  Mc- 
Laughlin,  Snn  Jos'",  Cal, 

424.926.— Reversible  Plow  —  E.  S.  Gerow, 
Lalayetie,  Cal. 

424,782.— STErLADOER—E.  Harter,  San  Di^go. 
Cal. 

424,646.— Steam  Boiler— J.  L.  ileald.  Crock- 
ets, C.^1. 

424,648.— Two- Wheeled  Vehicle— J.  Heil- 
rath,   Plymouth.   Cal. 

424.649.— VEurcLE  Seat— J.  Heilrath,  Plymouth, 
Cal. 

424,656.— Concrete  Mold— E.  L,  Ransome, 
S.  F. 

Rt 1. 068.— Gas  Engine— D.  S.  Regan,  S.  F. 

424,832.— Cahle  LiiTER— J.  C.  H.    Slut,   S,  F. 

424,833. — Tension  Device— J.  C.  H.  Siut,  S.  F. 

424.584.— Rail-Climuer  lOR  Vehicle  Wheels 
— L,  A.  Turner,  Los  Angeles,  Cal. 

424,842.- Wagon  Spring -W.  H.  Williscraft, 
Juniper,  A.  T. 

424  666. — Lamp  Bitrner— L.  Zinder,  Oakland, 
Cal. 

17.725.— Trade-Mark— Leavitt  &  Van  Alstine, 
S.  F. 

The  (ollowiDBT  brief  list  by  telegraph,  for  April  8,  will 
appear  more  complete  on  receipt  of  mftll  advices: 

Califoroitt— John  C.  Stutt,  3.  F.,  turntable;  Erneet  L. 
R-gmln,  Sacranuiito,  and  T.  J.  Kiiigat  n,  S..  F.,  rever- 
sible window-Bash;  Eli/.i  K.  Smith,  S.  F.,  marker,  cutter, 
etc, ,  for  plaatcr  Btone-work;  Josepli  Oswalil,  assigcce  of 
BarriB,  Oswald  &  Noble,  S.  F.,  sprinkler;  Kokott  E. 
Newin,  assignor  to  the  Vulcan  Iron  Works,  S,  F.,  saw- 
mill set  works;  William  Gehring,  San  Diego,  valve  for 
Btf>am  engines;  Jaiues  T.  Dysirt,  Lakeport,  carriage-tip 
lifter;  John  Cook,  S.  F.,  sail;  Hiram  Butts  and  J.  Kd- 
uionda,  San  DJe^o,  brake- blocks. 

NoTB.— Copies  of  U.  S.  and  Foreign  patents  furnished 
by  Dewey  &  Co.,  in  the  shortest  time  possible  (by  mall 
or  tele^'raphio  order).  American  and  ForeigTi  patents 
obtained,  and  general  patent  business  tor  Pacific  Coast 
iDventors  transacted  with  perfect  security,  at  reasonable 
rates,  and  in  the  sbortest  possible  time. 


Notices  of  Recent  Patents. 

Among  the  patents  recently  obtained  through 
Dewey  &  Co.'s  Scientifio  Press  U.  S.  and 
Foreign  Patent  Agency,  the  following  are 
worthy  of  special  mention: 

AoTOMATic  Tension  Device  for  Cable 
Railways  —John C.  H.  Stut.S.F.  No.424  833. 
D  *ted  April  1, 1390,  This  automatic  tension  ap- 
paratus for  the  cables  of  cable  railways  consists 
of  sheaves  or  pulleys  jourualed  in  frames  and 
traveling  or  sliding  upon  vertical  guides  so  as 
to  rest  upon  the  cable,  the  weight  of  the 
sheaves  causing  it  to  press  upon  the  cables 
where  they  leave  the  driver,  and  thus  take  op 
any  sudden  temporary  or  unusual  slack  which 
may  occur.  The  invention  is  designed  to  anto* 
matically  regulate  changes  in  the  length  of  the 
cable  such  as  often  occur  in  long  lines  of  cable, 
where  the  addition  or  removal  of  a  number  of 
cars  tends  to  change  the  tension  suddenly  and 
temporarily.  This  device  is  independent  of  any 
mechanism  for  permanently  taking  up  the 
stretch  of  the  cable,  but  may  be  used  in  con- 
junction therewith. 

Two  Wheeled  Vehicle. ~J)hn  Heilrath, 
Plymouth,  Amador  Co.  No.  424,648.  Dated 
April  1,  1890.  The  objact  of  this  invention  ia  to 
do  away  with  that  objectionable  feature  of  this 
class  of  vehicles  known  as  the  "horse-motion" 
by  providing  for  a  sufficient  independence  be- 
tween body  and  shafts  which  will  enable  the 
latter  to  have  their  np-and-down  and  lateral 
movement  freely  but  without  imparting  any 
such  movement  to  the  body.  The  invention 
consists  in  a  novel  spring-connection  for  the 
divided  shaft. 

Adjustable  Vehicle-Seat. — John  Heilrath, 
Plymouth.  Amador  Co.  No.  424,649.  Dated 
April  1,  1890.  The  objaot  of  this  invention  Is 
to  provide  for  properly  balancing  a  two-wheeled 
cart.  This  effect  is  produced  by  the  adjust- 
ment forward  or  back  of  the  seat  so  as  to  regu- 
late its  position  to  properly  distribute  the 
weight,  this  being  an  essential  object  in  two- 
wheeled  vehicles,  where  the  whole  weight  is 
borne  by  the  horse,  instead  of  being  wholly 
carried,  as  in  the  case  of  four-wheeled  vehicles, 
by  the  wheels. 

Fruit-Pitting  and  Spreading  Machine. — 
Geo,  A.  Fleming,  Ohas.  F.  Fleming  and  Geo. 
T.  McLaughlin.  Sin  Jose.  No.  424.771. 
Dited  April  1,  1S90.  The  invention  relates  to 
the  class  of  frait-handling  machines  and  espe- 
cially to  that  class  adapted  for  the  pitting  or 
stoning  of  the  fruit  and  delivering  and  spread- 
ing it  out  in  suitable  trays.  The  object  is  to 
provide  a  machine  of  this  class  of  great  capac- 
ity, effective  and  rapid  in  its  operation,  adapt- 
ed to  aocnrately  out  the  fruit  into  halves,  re- 
move and  discharge  the  stones,  and  deliver  the 
fruit  perfectly  and  distribute  it  evenly  over  re- 
ceiving-trays. 

Steam  Boiler.— John  L.  Heald,  Crockett, 
Contra  Costa  county,  assignor  to  the  Heald 
Manufacturing  Oo.  of  California.  No.  424,646. 
Dated  April  1,  1890.  This  patent  covers  a 
new  method  of  dealing  with  the  gases  of  conn. 
bustion  and  also  the  disposition  of  the  water  in 
steam  generating  apparatus  and  the  methods  of 
supplying  and  conveying  the  same.  It  con- 
sists in  the  arrangement  of  steam-generating 
apparatus  in  seotions,  so  as  to  more  effectually 


utilise  and  apply  the  heat  of  fnel,  io  avoiding 
the  danger  of  destructive  exploeion,  and  in 
eeouriDg  ao  incresacd  area  of  heating  surface 
within  a  given  amonnt  of  enveloping  shell. 
The  object  of  the  improvement  in  steam  boilers 
ia  to  provide  for  a  gradual  reduction  and  ab- 
sorption of  the  hot  gases  of  oombuetion  by  op> 
posing  to  them  surfaces  of  varying  temperature 
60  that  the  transmission  of  heat  will  continue 
as  long  as  the  temperature  of  the  gases  is  high 
enough  to  produce  useful  effect.  In  steam 
boilers,  aa  oommonly  arranged,  there  is  nearly 
uniform  temperature  throughout  all  portions 
exposed  to  the  heat,  and  as  soon  as  the  tem- 
perature of  the  boiler  and  that  of  the  gases  ap- 
proximate each  other,  or  when  the  gases  of 
oombastion  have  fallen  to  the  maximum  tem- 
perature of  the  boiler,  the  transfer  of  heat 
ceases  and  it  is  lost,  the  gases  escaping  at  a 
high  temperature,  and  without  having  com- 
pleted the  nsefol  effect  of  which  they  are  still 
capable.  The  power  of  heat  absorption  being 
as  the  difference  of  temperature  in  the  two 
oases,  the  transmisBion  of  heat  is  directly  as 
this  difference,  and  by  allowing  the  tempera- 
ture of  the  boiler  to  diminish  with  that  of  the 
gases  (which  is  possible  only  by  arranging  a 
boiler  in  separate  sections)  the  difference  of 
temperature  is  maintained  until  the  gases  es- 
cape and  all  useful  heat  is  absorbed. 

Reversible  Plow.  —  Edward  S.  Gerow, 
Lafayette,  Contra  Costa  Co.,  assignor  of  one- 
half  to  James  Eva,  S.  F.  No.  424.926.  Dited 
April  1,  1890.  Ao  important  feature  in  the 
constrnction  of  this  plow  is  the  turning  it  above 
the  axis  of  rotation  and  beneath  the  beam;  and 
also  the  rectangular  landside,  each  of  the 
sides  forming  a  shoe  upon  which  it  travels 
while  plowing  upon  either  one  elde  or  the 
other.  From  its  peculiar  construction,  when 
the  plow  is  turned  so  that  either  of  these  sides  is 
downward,  it  will  soon  be  scoured  bright  and 
any  adhering  soil  will  be  rubbed  off  and  the 
landside  can  never  become  clogged  in  this 
manner.  With  this  plow  it  is  unnecessary  to  do 
any  heavy  lifting  or  any  difficult  work  in 
chunging  the  plows  from  one  side  to  the  other, 
as  is  experienced  in  the  under*turn  in  use. 

Lamp  Burner.  —  Louis  Zander,  Oakland. 
No.  424.666.  Dated  April  1,  1890.  The  object 
of  this  Invention  is  to  provide  a  wick  tube  into 
which  the  wick  may  be  readily  and  easily  in- 
serted. A  slide  pHte  in  the  wick  tube  is  re- 
moved, and  the  wick  Is  then  inserted  in  the 
tube  through  the  open  side.  Then  the  slide 
plate  is  put  back,  thus  fully  inclosing  and  con- 
fining the  wick. 

The  Mining  Companies'   Financial 
Standing. 

The  following  is  the  financial  standing  on  the  first 
Monday  of  the  present  month  of  the  mining  com- 
panies listed  on  the  two  exchanges  in  this  city: 

Cash.  Debt. 

Alta $31,081  S 

Alpha M(il  

Andes 6  3l4  

Bodie  Con 17.361  

Benton  Con 89,073  

Belcher 31,541 

Belle  lale 4,93S  

Beat  &  Belcher 6,932  

Buhver 11  864  

Bullion 21,231  

Challenge  Con 5,321 

Caledonia , 7,781  

CholUr ly.lOl  

Con.  Cal.  &  Virginia 13»,SI0  

CoDtidence "9,558 

Cod.  Imperial 9,197 

Con.  New  York 6,072  

Commonwealth 46,061  

Crocker 4,3S4  

Crown  Point +11,250 

Del  Monte 14.850 

Eaat  Sierra  Nevada 6,492  

Eureka SIG  

Exchequer 15,214  

Gould  &  Currj 1,715  

Grand  Prize 19.852 

Hale  &  Norcrosa 16,917 

Holmee *!),850 

Independence 263  

Julia 7.659  

Justice 7,  :26  

Kentuck 2.635  

Lady  Wagliington 17.4f<S  

Locomotive 1,477  

North  Belle  Isle 12,014 

North  CommoQwealth 21,060 

Mexican 8,901  

Mono 12.341  

Navajo 16,756 

Nevada  Queen ". 12,740 

Occidental 1,035  ,    ,    .. 

Ophir -6,927 

Overman 24,n43  

Peer 4.305  

Peerless "1,749 

Potoei '13,602 

Savage 2.917  

Scorpion 6,065  

Seg.  Belcher  &  Midee 6,187 

Silver  HiU 5,271  

Sierra  Nevada 13,646  

Silver  King 5.552  

Standard 11,637 

St,  Louia 359  

Syndicate 4,707  

Union  Con *3.524 

Utah "-489 

WeldoD 2,236  

'Collecting  aasesament. 

fMine  expenses  and  March  bullion  output  not  included. 


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252 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[April  12,  1890 


n^ECHAJMiGAL  PROGRESS, 

Wliy  the  American  Iron  Trade  Must 
Continue  to  Prosper 

The  phrase  '*  phenomenal,"  as  applied  to  the 
increased  demand  and  produotion  of  iron  and 
steel  prodacta  In  the  United  States,  and  the 
advance  in  prices  which  these  staples  have  ex* 
perienoed  within  the  past  seven  months,  while 
many  other  branches  of  trade  and  riiannfacture 
have  snffered  from  a  depression  in  the  market, 
is  due  undoubtedly  to  varions  causes.  We  all 
know  what  changes  were  wrought  in  the  last 
half  of  1889,  and  how  bright  is  the  present  pros- 
pect for  the  continuance  of  activity  and  profit* 
able  commerce  in  these  metals;  and  if  the  estl* 
mates  and  predictions  of  the  editor  of  the  Pitts- 
burg Dispatch  are  correct,  the  United  States 
will  be  able  to  maintain  her  present,  or  a  bet- 
ter, position  In  the  iron  and  steel  markets  of 
the  world  for  a  long  time  to  come. 

The  "  phenomenal  "  part  of  last  year's  trade 
in  these  commodities  became  still  more  mani- 
fest when  Eaglish  dealers  ordered  supplies — 
limited,  it  is  true,  and  certainly  In  marked 
exception  to  their  general  rule — to  be  shipped 
to  them  from  this  country;  but  in  view  of  con- 
tingencies now  apparently  about  to  arise,  it 
would  not  be  surprising  to  find  this  phenomenon 
becoming  a  steady  feature  of  our  commercial 
system  in  the  near  future. 

Ooe  contingency  npon  which  this  changed 
oondition  is  based  by  onr  contemporary  is  the 
increased  price  of  coal  in  Great  Britain.  The 
statement  is  made  that  **  the  London  &  North- 
western railway,  whioh  has  heretofore  been 
making  contracts  for  coal  at  the  rate  of  63.  per 
ton,  has  been  forced  to  renew  them  at  IDs.  as 
the  lowest  price  obtainable.  Such  an  advance 
in  the  price  of  the  fuel  that  has  created  Eaglish 
mannfactures,  just  as  the  same  fuel  has 
created  ^fennsytvanla's  Industries,  may  have 
the  most  far-reaching  effeo^is.  The  difference 
between  $1,44  peir  ton  and  $2.40  may  involve 
the  difference  between  the  command  of  the 
world's  market  for  iron  manufactures  and  the 
necessity  of  yielding  the  market  to  better  situ- 
ated rivals." 

The  Dispatch  may  be  too  sanguine  in  this 
view  of  the  situation,  when  it  continues  to 
argue  that  we  have  such  a  superabundance  of 
ooal  in  this  country  that  we  can  sell  coke  to 
England  cheaper  than  Eaglishmen  can  import 
it  from  other  European  sources.  The  sale  of 
30,000  tons  of  Pennsylvania  coke  to  parties  in 
Belgium,  not  long  since,  is  referred  to  as  an  in- 
dication of  the  trend  of  coke  exportation,  and 
the  cause  of  exultation  that  "  the  oondition,  if 
permanent,  Implies  that  Pittsburg  " — with  coke 
and  iron  too  high  in  England  to  longer  compete 
with  the  American  products — "can  take  the 
plr"o  of  Birmingham  in  the  world*s  commerce." 
— Exchange, 

Files  and  Their  Use. 

To  choose  a  fiat  file,  turn  its  edge  up  and  look 
along  it,  selecting  one  which  has  an  even  sweep 
from  end  to  end,  and  having  no  flat  places  or 
hollows.  To  choose  a  half  round  file,  turn  the 
edge  upward,  look  along  it  aud  select  that 
which  has  an  even  sweep  and  no  fiikt  or  hollow 
places  on  the  half  round  side,  even  though  it  be 
hollow  in  the  length  of  the  fiat  side. 

In  draw  filing,  take  short,  quick  strokes, 
which  will  prevent  the  file  from  pinning  and 
scratching.  Long  strokes,  no  matter  how  long 
the  work  may  be,  are  useless  save  to  make 
scratches.  Kamember,  it  is  less  the  number  of 
atrokes  given  the  file  than  the  weight  placed 
apon  it  that  is  effective;  therefore,  when  using 
a  rough  file,  stand  Bu£Qoiently  away  from  the 
work  to  bring  the  weight  of  the  body  npon  the 
forward  stroke.  New  files  should  be  used  at 
first  upon  broad  surfaces,  since  narrow  edges 
are  apt  to  break  the  teeth  if  they  have  the 
fibrous  edges  unworn. 

For  brasework,  use  the  file  on  a  broad  sur- 
face until  its  teeth  are  dulled,  then  make  two 
or  three  strokes  of  the  file  under  a  heavy  pres- 
sure upon  the  edge  of  a  piece  of  sheet  iron, 
whioh  will  break  off  the  dulled  edges  of  the 
teetb  and  leave  a  new  fibrous  edge  for  brass- 
work. 

Use  bastard  cut  files  to  take  off  a  quantity  of 
metal  of  ordinary  hardness;  second  cut  in  fit- 
ting, and  also  to  file  unusually  hard  metal; 
smoothing  to  fioieh  in  final  adjustment  or  pre- 
paratory to  applying  emery  cloth;  dead  smooth, 
to  finish  very  fine  work,  fioat  file  on  lathe 
work. 

To  prevent  files  from  pinning,  and  hence 
from  scratching,  properly  clean  them,  and  then 
chalk  them  well. 


ing  its  regular  fall  as  the  metal  cools.  This 
was  observed  with  steel  containing  0  57  per 
cent  of  carbon,  while  with  only  0.19  per  cent  of 
carbon  a  much  slighter  effect  of  the  kind  was 
noticed  at  about  749  degrees;  with  1  25  per 
cent  of  carbon,  the  two  effects  appear  to  con- 
found themselves.  When  the  proportion  of 
carbon  is  increased,  the  temperature  of  the 
transformation  of  the  iron  seems  to  be  lowered, 
and  that  of  recalesoence  raised,  so  that  both 
oome  to  coincide  in  the  hard  steel. — Engineer- 
ing and  Mining  Journal. 


Economical  Pttmping. — At  the  meeting  of 
the  South  Scaffordshire  and  East  Worcester- 
shire Institute  of  Mining  Eagineers  held  on 
March  3,  Mr.  H.  Lea,  the  president,  referred 
to  the  engineering  operations  of  the  miues' 
Drainage  Commissioners.  After  pointing  out 
that  the  extent  of  district  dealt  with  by  the 
commissioners  might  be  viewed  as  an  oblong 
figure  of  irregular  oatline,  having  a  length  of 
about  twelve  miles  from  north  to  south,  and  an 
average  width  of  about  six  miles  from  east  to 
west,  its  area  being  about  seventy-two  square 
miles,  the  president  spoke  of  the  sucoessive  im- 
provamenta  which  had  been  made  in  unwater 
ing  the  coal  measures  of  this  portion  of  South 
St'^ffordshire.  Matters  were  in  such  a  state  in 
1872  that  there  were  no  fewer  than  139  pump- 
ing engines  at  work,  raising  48.000,000  gallons 
of  water  in  24  hours;  but  to-day  instead  of 
having  to  pump  up  48,000,000  gallons,  onlv 
17.500,000  have  to  be  dealt  with.  The  139 
eugmes  had  been  reduced  by  the  year  1885  to 
62,  and  to-day  the  whole  "come"  of  the  district 
is  lifted -by  17  engines.  Moreover,  whereas  by 
means  of  the  old  engines  the  coat  of  raising 
25,000  gallons  of  water  100  feet  used  to  vary 
from  lid,  upward,  the  cost  of  doing  the  same 
work  by  means  of  the  new  enE;ines  is  now  in 
some  oases  as  low  as  3:^1.  Notwith-standing 
the  increased  coat  of  coal,  there  has  been  a 
steady  improvement  in  economy  of  pumping 
daring  the  past  eighteen  months,  ao  that  at 
preaent  the  expenses  have  been  reduced,  in 
some  oases,  to  as  low  a  figure  as  that  which  Mr, 
Lea  has  given.  Daring  the  half-year  the  cnm- 
miasionera*  engines  have  raised  about  1,870,- 
525,000  gallons  of  water,  23^  tons  of  water 
having  to  be  pi^mped  for  each  con  of  mineral 
raised. 


SeiENTlFie  Pr,06RESS, 


Some  Peculiabities  of  Iron. — Raoent  ex- 
periments show  that,  if  a  bar  of  hard  iron  be 
allowed  to  cool  from  a  white  heat  to  a  dull  red- 
ness, there  is  a  spontaneous  disengagement  of 
heat,  and  its  magnetic  properties  suddenly 
change.  In  order  to  ascertain  whether  this  re- 
sult might  be  due  to  the  heat  set  free  by  the 
modification  of  the  iron,  or  if  it  required  the 
presence  of  carbon,  iron  was  experimented  with 
containing  from  0.6  to  0.25  per  cent  of  carbon, 
by  which  means  the  first  phenomenon  above 
mentioned  was  found  to  be  due  to  the  molecular 
transformation  of  the  iron,  and  the  second 
corresponded  to  a  change  in  the  relation  of  the 
iron  with  its  carbon.  It  takes  place  at  675  de- 
grees C.,when  the  thermometer  suddenly  stops 
and  rises  some  six  degrees,  afterward  reeum- 


OONSUMPTION    OF    IrON  IN  ARCHITECTURE. — 

One  large  cause  of  the  enormous  consumption 
of  iron  which  is  now  taking  place  is  the  great 
number  of  huge  cffioe  and  other  large  buildings 
which  are  now  being  erected  in  all  our  large 
cities,  in  the  constructioo  of  which  iron  is  large- 
ly used.  This  fact  may  be  especially  noted  in 
San  Francisco  as  well  as  elsewhere.  Atten- 
tion is  called  to  this  fact  in  a  late  number  of 
Architecture  and  Building,  wherein  it  is  stated 
that  '*  many  of  these  buildings  are  not  what  they 
seem.  To  the  ordinary  beholder  they  are  built 
of  stone,  brick,  terra-cotta  and  glass,  but,  in 
fact,  the  entire  skeleton  Is  of  iron  or  steel,  and 
all  other  materials  are  merely  masks  with 
which  to  clothe  the  monster.  The  building  is 
constructed  on  the  principle  of  a  latticed 
girder  or  braced  tower.  The  brick  or  atone 
work  shown  is  a  mere  shell  or  architectural 
veneer,  to  give  the  building  a  resemblance  to 
its  neighbors.  As  we  are  apparently  only  at 
the  beginning  of  this  new  era  in  architecture, 
it  is  probable  that  the  demand  for  iron  and 
steel  for  these  monstrous  buildings  will  con- 
tinue at  an  increasing  rate." 


The  Importation  of  Iron  Into  Japan  is  in- 
creasing yearly.  Last  year  the  total  was  near- 
ly double  that  of  1887-  The  increase  was  most 
marked  in  rails,  but  ironwork  and  sundry  iron, 
under  which  heads  maohinery  is  probably  in- 
cluded, also  showed  a  very  marked  expansion. 
As  the  figures  relate  to  last  year,  they  obvious- 
ly represent  a  large  increase  in  quantity  and 
not  merely  in  value.  The  value  ot  the  iron  pro- 
duced in  Japan  is  only  about  $250,000  per  an- 
num, or  about  three  per  cent  of  the  value  im- 
ported. In  this  expansion  of  consumption  in 
Japan — which  has  doubtless  been  paralleled  by 
similar  expansion  in  many  other  comparatively 
little-considered  markets — we  have  one  expla- 
nation of  the  recent  upward  movement  of  iron 
prices.  Iron  is  now  so  extensively  employed 
all  over  the  world  that  even  a  slight  general 
demand  for  renewals,  irrespective  of  the  con- 
stant demand  for  extensions,  must  mean  a  very 
large  demand  in  the  aggregate. 


Steel  Pipes. — Steel  pipes  as  a  substitute  for 
cast  iron  now  form  an  important  item  for  the 
engineer's  consideration  in  the  oonveyanoe  of 
water.  Such  pipes  are  being  adopted  for  sev 
eral  reasons.  As  their  weight  is  only  about 
one-quarter  the  weight  of  oast-iron  pipes  for 
the  same  seivice,  the  matter  of  transportation 
forma  an  important  consideration.  They  are 
also  mnoh  leas  liable  to  fracture  than  oast  iron. 


Rope  Transmission  of  Power  — At  New 
ark-on-Trent,  England,  a  steel  cable  of  less 
than  one-half  inch  diameter  transmits  30  to  35 
horse  power,  without  slip,  at  a  speed  of  2592 
feet  per  minnte,  or  29.45  miles  per  hour.  It  is 
driven  by  eight-foot  pulleys. 


Scientific  Experiments 

An  interesting  home-made  method  of  natural 
deoorations  consists  simply  in  taking  a  glasa  or 
goblet  and  placing  in  the  interior  a  little  com- 
mon salt  and  water.  In  a  day  or  two  a  slight 
mist  will  be  seen  upon  the  glass,  which  hourly 
will  inorease  nntil  in  a  very  short  time  the  glass 
will  present  a  very  beautiful  appearance,  being 
enlarged  to  twice  its  thickness  and  covered 
with  beautiful  salt  crystals,  paoked  one  upon 
another  like  some  peculiar  fungus  or  animal 
growth.  A  dish  ahoald  be  placed  beneath  the 
glass,  as  the  crystal  will  run  over.  The  color 
of  the  crystals  may  be  changed  by  placing  in 
the  salt  and  water  some  oommon  red  ink  or  a 
spoonful  of  bluing;  this  will  be  absorbed  and 
the  white  surface  covered  with  exquisite  tints. 
No  more  simple  method  of  producmg  inexpen- 
sive or  beautiful  ornaments  can  be  imagined, 
and  by  using  different  shapes  and  vases  and 
shades,  an  endless  variety  of  beautiful  forms 
can  be  produced.  The  glass  should  be  placed 
where  there  is  plenty  of  warmth   and  sunlight. 

Another  aoientlfic  experiment  which  may  in- 
terest aome  of  the  older  as  well  as  the  younger 
members  of  the  family  may  be  made  by  8us< 
pending  from  the  ceiling  a  thread  which  has 
previously  been  soaked  in  very  salt  water  and 
then  dried.  To  this  fasten  a  light  ring  and 
annoanoe  that  you  are  about  to  burn  the  thread 
without  letting  the  ring  fall.  The  thread  will 
burn,  it  is  true,  but  the  ashea  it  leaves  are 
composed  of  crystals  of  salt,  and  their  coheeioo 
is  strong  enough  to  sustain  the  weight  of  the 
ring  attached  to  the  thread. 

Another  curious  experiment  is  that  of  put- 
ting an  egg  into  a  bottle  without  breaking  the 
shell.  Soak  the  egg,  which  mast  be  fresh,  for 
several  days  in  strong  vinegar.  The  acid  of 
the  vinegar  will  eat  the  lime  off  the  shell,  ao 
that  while  the  egg  looka  the  same  it  is  really 
very  soft.  Only  a  little  care  is  required  to 
press  the  egg  into  the  bottle.  When  this  is 
done,  fill  it  half  full  of  water  and  let  it  stand. 
The  shell  will  absorb  the  lime  and  become  hard 
again,  and  yon  have  the  curious  spectacle  of  an 
egg  the  usual  sizs  in  a  small-necked  bottle, 
whioh  will  be  a  great  puzzle  to  those  who  do 
not  understand  how  it  is  done. — Exchange. 

Sound  Shadows. — In  an  interesting  article 
on  "  Sensitive  Flames  and  Sound  Shadows,"  in 
the  November  issue  of  the  Popular  Science 
Monthly,  Mr,  W.  Lb  Conte  Stevens  gives  an 
aoconnc  of  the  experiments  made  in  the  Biy  of 
San  Francisco  in  1874  by  Prof.  John  Le  Oonte 
and  his  son,  Mr.  Julian  L?  Conte,  The  source 
of  sound  was  not  such  as  would  give  a  definite 
pitch,  like  a  bell,  but  the  quick,  violent,  single 
impulse  due  to  the  explosion  of  dynamite  em- 
ployed in  the  blasting  of  rocks  which  obstructed 
the  channels.  The  intensity  of  the  shock  thus 
propagated  was  such  as  to  be  felb  as  a  blow  on 
the  feet  of  a  person  aeated  in  a  boat  300  feet 
or  more  £rom  the  detonating  cartridge,  and  to 
kill  hundreda  of  fish.  Several  vertical  posta  or 
piles,  each  about  a  foot  in  diameter,  projected 
trom  the  ground  out  of  the  wat&r  in  the  neigh- 
borhood, A  atout  glass  bottle  was  suspended 
in  the  water  about  a  foot  in  the  rear  of  one  of 
these  piles,  within  the  geometric  shadow  deter- 
mined by  lines  supposed  to  be  drawn  from  the 
cartridge  40  feet  horizontally  away.  The  bot- 
tle was  perfectly  protected  from  the  shock  of 
the  explosion.  It  was  then  put  in  front  of  the 
pile.  The  first  fhock  shivered  it  into  hundreds 
of  fragments.  Other  bottles,  some  filled  with 
air  and  some  with  water,  were  similarly  ex- 
posed in  varioaa  directiona  around  the  pile, 
and  with  the  same  result — destruction,  except 
when  within  the  protecting  shadow.  The  ex- 
periments were  varied  by  immersing  stout  glasa 
tubes,  incased  in  thick  paper,  horizontally 
across  the  direction  of  the  sound  rays  in  water, 
between  two  piles  which  were  aligned  with  the 
dynamite  cartridge.  These  piles  were  12  feet 
apart,  the  nearer  one  being  40  feet  from  the 
cartridge,  Ita  shadow,  therefore,  just , covered 
the  second  pile,  and  included  the  Intermediate 
water,  with  the  middle  part  of  each  tube. 
After  an  explosion  these  protected  parts  were 
found  to  be  unbroken,  while  the  ends  which 
projected  on  the  two  aides  beyond  the  shadow 
were  completely  shattered.  The  boundary  be- 
tween the  regions  of  shadow  and  noise  was 
sharply  defined  on  the  tubes,  even  at  a  distance 
of  12  feet  behind  the  protecting  pile. 


doubtedly  in  the  same  proportion,  so  that  if 
the  earth  should  come  as  near  to  Vega  as  it  Is 
to  the  BUD.  we  should  wither  into  cinders  be- 
fore the  fierce  blue  gush  of  ita  overpowering 

t&ya.—New  York  Sun. 


Without  Friction. —After  showing  that 
friction  makes  perpetual  motion  impossible. 
Prof,  fiele  Shaw  reflaots  upon  the  state  of 
affiira  that  would  follow  if  friction  were  to 
oeaae  to  act.  The  whole  force  of  nature  would 
be  at  once  changed,  and  much  of  the  dry  land 
and  moat  of  our  bnildinga  would  disappear  be- 
neath the  sea.  Such  inhabitants  as  remained 
a  abort  time  alive  would  not  only  be  unable  to 
provide  themselves  with  fire  or  warmth,  but 
would  find  their  very  clothes  falling  back  to 
the  original  fiber  from  which  they  were  made; 
and  if  not  destroyed  in  one  of  the  many  possi- 
ble ways— no  longer  dissipated  by  friction 
through  the  air,  or  by  falling  masses  of  water, 
no  longer  retarded  by  the  atmosphere  and 
descending  as  rain — would  be  unable  to  obtain 
food,  from  inability  to  move  themselves  by 
any  ordinary  method  of  locomotion,  or,  what 
would  be  equally  serious,  having  once  started 
into  motion,  from  being  unable  to  stop  except 
when  they  came  into  collision  with  other  un- 
happy beings  or  moving  bodies.  Before  long 
they,  with  all  heavier  substances,  would  disap- 
pear forever  beneath  the  waters  whioh  would 
now  cover  the  face  of  a  lifeless  world. 

Iceberg  Dust.— One  of  the  most  interesting 
contributions  of  Prof.  Nordenekjold  to  popular 
pcience  is  his  examination — when  about  80° 
N.  latitude,  before  reaching  Parry's  Island,  to 
the  northwest  of  Spitzbergen — of  the  snow 
which  covered  the  icebergs,  and  which  had 
oome  from  still  higher  latitudes.  He  found  it 
strewn  with  a  multitude  of  minute  black  parti- 
cles, spread  over  the  surface  or  situated  at  the 
bottom  of  little  pits,  a  great  number  of  whioh 
were  to  be  seen  on  the  outer  layer  of  snow; 
many  of  such  particles  were  also  lodged  In  the' 
lower  strata.  The  dust,  which  became  gray  on 
drying,  the  professor  found  to  contain  a  large 
proportion  of  metallic  particles  attracted  by 
the  magnet,  and  capable  of  decomposing  anl- 
phate  of  copper.  An  observation  made  a  little 
later  upon  other  icebergs  proved  the  presence 
of  similar  dnst  in  a  layer  of  granular  crystal- 
line snow  situated  beneath  a  stratum  of  light 
fresh  snow,  and  another  of  hardened  snow. 
Upon  analysis.  Prof,  Nordenskjold  found  this 
matter  to  be  composed  in  varying  proportions 
of  metallic  iron,  phoaphorua,  cobalt  and  frag- 
ments of  Dlatomacfse 


A  Heavy  Castin&.— A  bed-plate  for  an  en- 
gine waa  recently  oast  at  Newcastle-on-Tyne 
which  weighed  no  less  than  17  tons.  It  was 
taken  to  Sunderland  on  a  "roUey"  by  22 
horses,  and  attracted  great  attention  on  the 
route. 


The  Star  Vega. — One  of  the  moat  beautiful 
stars  in  the  sky,  and  one  that  has  been  ad- 
mired in  every  age  of  the  world,  is  the  star 
called  Vega,  in  the  constellation  of  the  Lyre. 
It  is  remarkable  for  the  exceedingly  delicate 
tint  of  blue  in  ita  light.  Thia  star  may  be  seen 
almost  directly  overhead  at  midnight  in  the 
middle  of  the  summer,  and  with  its  soft  radi- 
ance it  forms  one  of  the  most  charming  features 
of  the  celestial  landscapes  at  tbat  season.  In 
the  early  winter  evenings  it  fiashes  low  in  the 
northwest.  But,  when  we  look  at  Vega 
through  the  megascopic  eyes  of  the  parallax 
banter,  it  changes  from  a  delicately  beautiful 
star  to  a  most  portentous  Cyclops  of  space. 
The  distance  of  Vega,  according  to  Dr.  Elkio's 
measuremeot,  is  about  97  light-years,  or  more 
than  6,000,000  times  the  distauce  of  the  sun; 
and  since  we  know  that  light  varies  inversely 
as  thp  square  of  the  distance,  it  is  easily  seen 
that  Vega  really  pours  forth  more  light  than 
900  suns  like  oars  oombined  I  ' 


A  Substitute  for  Arsenic— The  British 
Consul  at  Nish,  in  Servia,  in  his  last  report 
mentions  that  at  Avala,  near  Belgrade,  qnick- 
ailver  is  abundant  in  conjunction  with  a  green- 
colored  mineral  which  has  been  named  avalite, 
the  properties  of  which  are  still  nnbnov^.  It 
is  hoped  that,  among  other  uses,  it  may  be 
found  possible  to  apply  it  as  a  substitute  for 
arsenic  aa  a  coloring  body.  In  which  event  the 
discovery  will  prove  a  very  valuable  one,  as 
avalite  is  said  to  be  free  from  the  poisonoua 
qualities  which  make  the  employment  of  arsenic 
no  dangerous.  The  discovery  of  the  position  of 
the  mine  la  due  to  Prof.  Clerics  of  Belgrade, 
who  came  upon  the  ancient  Roman  works  after 
a  search  of  five  years.  Negotiations  for  its 
purchase  and  working  by  an  English  company 
are  in  progress.  The  Chemical  Review  remarks 
that  the  new  mineral,  it  presumes,  is  to  be  sub- 
stituted for  arsenical  green  pigments. 

Magnetic  Fingers.  —  The  scientists  con- 
nected with  the  Johns  Hopkins  University  are 
engaged  in  investigating  the  peculiar  power 
posaesaed  by  the  fingers  of  Louis  Hamberger, 
son  of  a  well-known  merchant.  If  the  hands 
of  the  young  man  are  touched  by  any  pollahed 
object,  they  hold  it  like  a  magnet.  He  can 
thus  raise  up  a  large  number  of  pins.  His  In- 
dex fingers  poBsess  the  quality  more  than  the 
others.  He  also  raiaeaup  a  glass  tube  freighted 
with  a  six-pound  weight. 

Life  in  the  Water  of  Salt  Lake. — Recent 
observations  .of  the  waters  of  Great  Salt  Lake 
prove  conclusively  that  the  statements  made 
that  no  form  of  animal  or  plant  life  exists  in 
the  lake  are  erroneous.  No  fieh  or  other  large 
form  of  animal  life  haa  been  discovered,  but 
the  presence  of  vegetable  organisms  in  the  lake 
may  be  considered  a  fact  from  the  abundance 
of  animal  existence. 


The  Oldest  Observatory  in  the  world  is  lo- 
cated at  Pekin,  in  China.  It  waa  founded  in 
1279  by  Kubla  Khan,  the  firat  Emperor  of  the 
Mogul  dynaety.  There  are  still  in  it  three  of 
the  first  instruments  of  obseivation.  These 
were  used  for  the  observation  of  Halley's  comet, 
in  173S,  and  may  also  housed  when,  22  years 
hence,  this  oomet  again  appears. 

The  Yard  Stick  Measure  for  the  Stars.— 
The  distance  that  light  can  travel  in  a  year, 
whioh  is  63,000  times  the  space  separating  the 
sun  from  the  earth,  or,  in  round  numbera, 
5,859,000,000,000  milea,  is  taken  as  the  unit  of 
measurement  for  star  distances;  and  this  yard- 
stick for  the  atara  is  called  a  light  year. 

Lack  of  Symmetry  in  the  Human  Face.— 
The  two  eidas  of  the  face  are  by  no  means, 
alike.  As  a  rule,  says  a  German  professor,  the^ 
want  of  symmetry  is  confined  to  the  upper  part 
of  the  face.  Among  other  singular  eooentrioi- 
ties  ia  the  fact  that  the  right  ear  Is  almoat  in- 
Its  heat  ia  an- 1  variably  higher  than  the  left. 


April  12.  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Prkss. 


263 


EOOD  HEALTH. 
Cure  for  the  Blues. 

No  m«D  u  so  mlaerable  bafe  who  m%y  fiod 
■ome  one  poorer  and  more oomfortlesa.  "Some- 
tlmea  wbeo  I  am  blae  and  feel  denerted,  I  am 
pleased  to  call  to  mind,"  said  a  Liebon-atreet 
wholeaaler,  **  the  day  that  I  learned  a  practi- 
cal leason,  and  it  was  not  very  long  a((0,  either. 
I  was  feeling  awfully  bine  and  lonesome.  X 
saw  oo  joy  in  life,  I  didn't  know  whether  I 
was  worth  a  dollar  or  not.  All  ventarea  aeemed 
to  mo  to  fail.  My  wife  noticed  it  and  aaid, 
'What's  the  matter?*  I  told  her.  She  looked 
Bad  and  went  away. 

*'  Pretty  soon  ahe  came  back  to  me  aod  said, 
patting  her  hand  on  my  beadaa  I  sat  in  my 
chair:  *  My  dear,  onr  neighbors  down  under 
the  hill  in  the  little  boose  are  poor.  I  wish 
you  woold  go  down  and  see  them.  Vou  had 
better  take  down  some  apples  and  potatoes, 
and  I  will  Hud  aomething  to  send  to  them  by 
the  time  yon  are  ready.'  Then  she  looked  in 
my  faoe,  and  I  saw  aomething  that  made  me 
feel  like  minding  her.  Well,  I  did  as  she  said. 
I  pat  a  bushel  of  apples,  a  baahel  of  potatoeR, 
some  pork  and  other  things  In  the  wagon.  But 
my  wife  added  a  lot  of  clothes  from  the  ward- 
robea  of  our  girl  and  boy,  who  had  outgrown 
them.  Then  I  started,  and  in  due  time  got  to 
the  houae.  I  aaw  there  some  one  more  miser- 
able than  I  was.  Aa  I  poured  our  homely  gifts 
out  into  a  washtub  set  to  receive  them,  I  got 
my  firat  lesson  in  the  relationa  of  wealth.  To 
see  the  woman  weep  teara  of  joy  at  the  eight  of 
applea  and  potatoes  and  children's  o^et  ofif 
clothes;  the  little  ones,  half  naked,  view  them 
with  wonder  and  almost  wil^h  aUrm,  set  me  to 
thinking,  and  I  «aid  to  myself,  *  Man,  you  have 
done  wrong.  Vou  have  neglected  to  appre- 
ciate what  has  been  done  for  you.  Why,  you 
are  rich,  fabnlously  rich,  for  you  have  a  home, 
a  businesB,  a  loving  wife,  and  all  the  comforts 
of  life.' 

'*A  great  change  came  over  me.  I  grew 
calm  and  still  but  content,  and  I  have  ntver 
been  dowooast  since  then  that  I  didn't  seek 
some  poor  fellow  more  wretched  than  I  in  the 
hope  that  we  both  might  be  made  less  so  to- 
gether by  mutual  ministration," — Ex. 

Sleep. — How  many  hours'  sleep  do  yon  re- 
quire ?  Ab  many  asyou  oan  get.  That  is  the 
general  answer  to  such  a  question.  No  rule 
oan  be  laid  down.  Jeremy  Taylor  thrived  on 
three  honra,  and  ao  does  Cardinal  Newman. 
Many  centenarians  are  contented  with  tive 
hours,  but  some  ^f  them  require  eight  or  nine. 
Caless  you  are  attUoted  with  a  pronounced  in- 
aomnia — a  thing  widely  different  from  oooa- 
aional  and  even  troublesome  wakefuloesB — yon 
are  foolinh  to  employ  any  kind  of  narcotic 
drug.  Bat  there  are  two  rules  of  sleeping 
that  "everybody  may  adopt  without  hesitation. 
( 1 )  Never  let  yourself  be  awakened  by  any- 
body else,  but  wait  until  you  have  slept  out 
your  sleep.  (2)  Get  up  as  soon  as  you  wake. 
If  you  follow  theae  two  rules,  the  hours  of 
sleep  will  very  soon  regulate  themselves.  If 
you  read  yourself  to  sleep  you  should  read  a 
heavy  book,  not  a  light  one — a  book  that  taxes 
and  tirea  your  brain,  not  one  that  stirs  and 
stimulates  it,  A  dull  book  is  good,  a  stupid 
one  is  better. — St.  James  Oazette. 


plication  of  oarbolio  acid,  which  skillfal  sur- 
geons are  usin^  mnoh  less  than  formerly.  It 
may  cause  not  only  inflammation,  but  even 
fatal  blood-polaoning.  This,  therefore,  ahoald 
be  remembered  by  all  mechanica.  Salyoilate 
of  soda,  in  a  moderately  weak  aolution,  is  in> 
finitely  batter  than  carbolic  acid  for  every  pur* 
pose  to  which  the  latter  ia  applied  in  medtoal  or 
surgical  practice. 

OlivkUilkor  Snakk  Bitks. — It  is  stated 
that  Dr.  C.  R.  Eirly  of  K  dgeway.  Pa.,  uses 
olive  oil  as  a  cure  for  rattlesnake  poison.  It  is 
given  in  dosea  of  a  teaspoonful.  H  ilf  a  dozen 
doses  at  frequent  intervals  are  eutticient.  The 
doctor  has  treated  many  oases,  always  saccesa* 
fully.  Oare  should  be  taken  to  secure  the  pure 
artlolp. 


QsEFUL  Inforjviatio.n. 


A  Skriods  REKtKCTioN.— It  Is  a  signifioant 
fact  that  out  of  the  1060  prisoners  in  the  East- 
ern Penitentiary  of  Pennsylvania,  only  19  are 
mechanica.  This  is  a  strong  argument  in  favor 
of  mechanics  as  an  elevator  of  publio  morals. 
The  percentage  of  men  engaged  in  mechanical 
pursuits  to  the  entire  male  population  is  large, 
yet  there  are  less  than  two  per  cent  of  the  per- 
sons in  this  institution,  and  the  proportion  is 
said  to  be  about  the  same  in  others,  who  are 
mechanics  by  training.  Instead  of  trying  to  im* 
press  upon  them  the  repeated  saying  of  Horace 
Greeley,  "Go  West,  young  man,"  it  might  be 
well  to  advise  more  of  them  to  learn  trades  as  a 
prevention  of  crime  and  immorality.  For  the 
above  reason,  and  from  the  further  fact  of  the 
organized  efforts  to  limit  the  employment  of 
apprentices,  the  Scitmijlc  A  mtrican  suggests 
the  establishment  of  private  and  public  indus- 
trial schools  where  boys  may  be  taught  trades 
— such  as  carpeoteriDg,  brick  and  stone  ma- 
sonry, molding  and  alt  branches  of  ironwork, 
etc.  There  can  be  no  question  but  that  not 
only  meohanical  employment,  but  all  kinds  of 
labor,  both  manual  and  mental,  lessen  both 
crime  and  sickness.  Let  us,  then,  give  the 
b:>ys  a  ohance  to  earn  an  honeat  living,  even 
though  it  be  largely  at  public  expense. 

Playgrounds  on  Housetops. — A  plan  for 
school  playgrounds,  which  has  obtained  in 
London  for  some  years,  has  been  mooted  in 
New  York  in  connection  with  new  sohool 
buildings  in  the  crowded  tenement  district  of 
the  East  Side.  In  these  regions,  apace  ie  lim- 
ited and  dear,  and  the  playrooms  are  usually  in 
dark  and  damp  basements.  Now  it  is  proposed 
to  try  the  experiment  of  having  playgrounds  on 
the  roof.  Ttie  plan  Is  to  carry  the  walls  up  an- 
other story,  but  to  have  no  roof.  In  wet  wea- 
ther a  canvas  top  would  be  spread  over  the 
room,  but  at  all  other  times  the  children  would 
have  the  full  benefit  of  the  air  and  the  ann. 
This  experiment  has  been  tried  in  London  and 
has  been  found  to  work  aatisfactorily,  and  in 
one  case  a  glass  roof — forming  a  "  crystal 
room" — was  set  up,  to  the  great  delight  and 
comfort  of  the  little  ones.  The  Sanitary  News 
assures  us  that  the  aerial  experiment  in  play- 
grounds will  certainly  be  tried  in  oonnection 
with  one  of  the  New  York  sohools. 


Scratching  the  Back  Instead  of  Quinine. 
Dr.  Alois  Fenykovy  communicates  to  a  Vi- 
enna medical  journal  an  account  of  some  obser- 
vations made  on  the  treatment  of  intermittent 
fever  by  means  of  friction  of  the  back  along 
the  spine.  Many  years  ago,  as  stated  in  the 
Lancet,  while  at  Nisch  with  his  regiment,  there 
occurred  ao  many  cases  of  intermittent  fever 
that  the  stock  of  quinine  was  becoming  ex- 
haneted,  and,  in  order  that  the  patients  might 
not  be  entirely  without  some  sort  of  treatment, 
it  was  ordered  that  they  should  be  rubbed 
twice  a  day  along  the  epine  with  simple  oint* 
ment.  The  day  after  this  order  bad  been 
given,  it  appeared  that  the  usual  attack  had 
not  come  on.  Accordingly,  since  that  time 
Dr.  Fenykovy  has  very  frequently  employed 
this  treatment,  and  usually  with  marked  suo- 
oess.  Indeed,  he  says  that  three-fourths  of  bis 
oases  have  done  very  well  without  any  quinine 
at  all. 

Defective  Heabino, — Over  9000  children 
have  been  examined  in  the  sohools  of  the  fol- 
lowing cities — New  York,  Stuttgart,  Bordeaux, 
Munich  and  Glasgow — and  the  average  of  de- 
fectively hearing  pupila  is  26  per  cent  plus.  As 
a  comparison  test  between  children  who  were 
regarded  as  bright  and  those  considered  back- 
ward and  dull  scholars,  teachers  were  requested 
to  make  a  selection  of  70  of  each  group.  The 
results  of  the  two  aets,  says  the  British  Medi- 
cal Journal,  show  twice  as  many  with  defect- 
ive hearing  among  backward  children  as 
among  the  forward  children. 


^LECTPjeiTY, 
Danger  from   Electricity. 

The  oontinnoua  ourreut  is  like  a  snake  which 
strikes  once  and  loses  its  fangs.  The  alternat- 
ing current  is  a  snake  which  oan  strike  again 
and  again.  The  latter  current  ia  oomiug  mto 
use  in  electric  lighting,  and  it  may  yet  be  em- 
ployed in  the  transmission  of  power.  Theory 
indicates  oertain  advantages  in  Its  use  over 
that  of  the  continuous  current.  The  dangers 
from  its  employment  are  very  great,  and  will 
need  careful  safeguards. 

It  is  not,  however,  the  possible  risk  to  life  in 
the  contact  with  the  ground  and  a  dangling 
dead  wire  which  has  come  in  contact  with  the 
overhead  system  of  electric  propulsion  that 
constitutes  the  moat  serious  danger  from  elec- 
tricity. What  is  most  to  be  feared  is  the 
ease  with  which  extensive  Ores  oan  be  started  in 
oitiea  by  means  of  bare  or  poorly  Insulated 
electric  circuits,  of  which  the  earth  forms  a  por- 
tion. The  electric  current  seeks  to  return  to 
the  generator  which  produoea  it  by  the  path  of 
leaat  reaistanoe. 

If,  therefore,  a  telegraph  or  telephone  wire, 
or  any  metallic  conductor,  should  come  in  oon- 
taot  with  a  bare  wire  conveyiog  a  powerful  cur- 
rent, this  current  would  seek  the  ground  by 
every  possible  way;  and  if  the  telegraph  or  tele- 
phone wire  ahould  be  connected  with  the 
ground,  the  powerful  current  would  be  directed 
through  telegraph  or  telephone  instruments  in 
offices  and  houses  to  ground  oonnections.  It  is 
aaid,  in  reply  to  this  view,  that  lightning  fre- 
quently has  entered  houses  by  telephone  and 
telegraph  wires,  and  has  merely  burnt  out  a 
coil,  or  fused  a  wire,  and  has  not  caused  any 
serious  conflagration.  A  sudden  discharge 
through  a  circuit,  however,  ia  not  so  dangerous 
as  a  slow,  insidious  heating,  which  might  go  on 
for  several  hours  before  it  ia  discovered.  This 
beating  oould  easily  be  produced  by  a  portion 
of  a  powerful  current  leaking  into  honsea  and 
offices  from  a  wire  which  has  fallen  upon  a  bare 
oircuit  through  which  a  current  ia  flowing. 
What  is  to  prevent,  it  may  be  asked,  a 
great  city  being  set  on  flre  by  electricity, 
in  a  hundred  places  at  once,  on  the 
night  of  a  blizzard  ?  The  inquiry  is  certainly 
not  a  frivolous  one.  The  elements  of  danger 
are  with  us,  and  the  questions  of  aafeguards 
demand  the  moat  careful  consideration  by  our 
municipal  authorities. — Prof,  Trowbridge,  in 
March  Atlantic, 


that  generated  by  friction,  magnets  and  other- 
wise ?  The  answer  given  is  that  the  difference 
consists  in  tension  or  potential;  frictional  elec- 
tricity has  very  high  tension  compared  with 
that  generated  by  a  battery. 


The  longest  distance  over  which  conver- 
sation by  telephone  is  dally  made  ia  between 
Portland,  Me.,  and  Baffalo,  N.  Y.,  about  750 
milea. 


iiNGI^lEEF^ING  I^OTES. 


Otjre  for  Pneumonia, — Chop  some  onions 
fijie,  and  heat  in  a  large  spider,  add  rye  meal 
and  vinegar  to  make  a  thick  paste,  and  simmer 
for  five  or  ten  minutes.  Stir  it  thoroughly, 
put  It  in  a  cotton  bag  large  enough  to  cover 
the  luDga,  and  apply  to  the  cheat  as  hot  as  the 
patient  oan  bear;  when  this  gets  cool,  apply 
another;  thus  continue,  and  in  a  few  hours  the 
patient  will  be  out  of  danger. 

Don't  Use  Carbolio  Acid.— Dr.  T.  Billroth 
of  Vienna  states  that  insignificant   injuriee  are 


Twine  from.Wood  Fiber. — It  is  said  that 
two  Wisconsin  men  have  secured  a  method  of 
making  harvester  twine  out  of  ordinary  pine 
wood.  The  discoverera  have  applied  for  a 
patent,  and  pending  its  issne  are  guarding  their 
secret,  in  regard  to  which  a  cotemporary  aays: 
"It  is  well  to  give  publicity  to  new  Ideas, 
whatever  *  crankiness'  they  indioata,  for 
sometimes  the  'crank,'  like  Galileo,  becomes 
the  honored  Inventor  of  something — a  theory,  a 
practical  method  of  performing  useful  labor,  a 
machine  or  a  new  article  of  commerce.  Bat  of 
the  two  discoveries  here  recorded,  the  twine- 
makera'  seems  to  have  the  best  foundation  and 
the  most  money  before  it." 

A  New  Rope  for  Power  Transmission. — A 
Scotch  inventor  makes  a  solid  round  baud  or 
rope  for  power  transmission  by  impregnating 
flit  webs  of  canvas  or  other  fabrics  with  a  solu- 
tion of  gutta-percha,  rolling  it  upon  itself  and 
wrapping  with  cloth.  A  flit  web  ia  made  in  a 
similar  manner  by  folding  the  fabric  into  layers 
of  the  desired  width  and  passing  it  through 
preasure  rolls. 

Paper-Box  M  anufactore  . — The  millions 
and  billions  of  boxes  manufactured  for  con- 
fectionery and  general  light  commodities  cre- 
ates an  immense  industry.  Aa  an  article  of 
manufacture,  it  is  important  that  the  boxes 
must  be  in  the  most  compact  form,  as  their 
cheapness  will  not  justify  much  factory  or 
storage  room. 

Cheap  Clothing. — John  F.  Piummerof  New 
York  aaid  the  country  is  suffering  under  a  pop- 
ular prejudice  that  better  clothea  oan  be  got 
abroad  than  here  at  the  same  price.  He  de- 
clared there  was  no  country  where  a  man  could 
get  as  good  a  suit  of  clothes  for  aa  little  money 
aa  In  the  United  States. 


Dream  of  Electricity. — *'The  great  devel- 
opment in  electricity  will  ba,  I  am  flrmly  oon- 
vinced,"  aaid  Mr.  Edison  to  an  interviewer  in 
Paris,  "  in  disoovering  a  more  economical  proc- 
ess of  producing  it.  At  present  we  only  get 
from  coal  oonenmed  about  four  or  five  per  cent 
of  ita  latent  electricity.  Thereat  is  wasted*  in 
heating  water,  expanding  ateam,  pushing 
pistons,  turning  wheels,  and  Anally  causing  a 
dynamo  machine  to  operate.  A  proceas  will 
ultimately  be  found  for  extracting  90  to  95  per 
cent  of  the  latent  electricity  directly  from  the 
coal.  Then  steam  engines  will  be  abolished, 
and  that  day  ia  not  far  off  now.  Already  we 
oan  get  electricity  direct  from  coal  to  the 
amount  of  90  per  cent,  but  only  for  experi- 
mental purposes.  When  I  waa  on  shipboard 
coming  over,  I  uaed  to  sit  on  deck  by  the  hour 
and  watch  the  waves.  It  made  me  positively 
savage  to  think  of  all  that  power  going  to 
waste.  But  we'll  chain  it  up  one  of  theae  days, 
along  with  Niagara  Falls  and  the  winds.  That 
will  be  the  electrical  millennium." 


A  Novel  Flower  has  been  found  at  the 
Isthmus  of  Tehuantepeo.  This  floral  chameleon 
has  a  faculty  of  changing  ita  colors  during  the 
day.  In  the  morning  it  is  white,  when  the  sun 
is  at  its  zenith  it  ia  red,  and  at  night  it  ia  blue. 

It  is  said  that  seven-eighths  of  the  subaorip- 
tions  to  the  magazines  are  from  women,     Thia 


freqt^iently  made  seriouB  by  the  unoalled-for  ap- 1  shows  good  taste  on  their  part, 


An  Aesued  Theory — One  of  the  latest  the- 
ories advanced  is,  that  the  generation  of  ao 
much  artificial  electricity  as  is  now  going  on  is 
changing  the  constitution  of  our  atmosphere, 
and  causing  the  heavy  and  numerous  storms 
and  epidemics  which  we  are  experiencing.  It 
has  been  said  that  many  worthy  people  oan 
never  be  thoroughly  happy  unless  they  are 
miserable,  and  this  new  theory  will  probably 
give  them  something  to  worry  about  for  awhile. 
It  evidently  owea  ita  origin  to  the  erroneous 
auppOBition  that  all  the  electricity  generated 
by  our  dynamos  ia  thrown  off  into  the  atmos- 
phere, or  into  the  ground,  in  the  form  of  elec- 
tricity, which,  of  course,  is  absurd. 

A  Novel  Electric  Shock. — A  painter  re- 
ceived an  electric  shock  the  other  day  under 
somewhat  novel  couditiona.  A  leaky  gas  pipe 
caught  fire  and  aoon  ignited  some  electric-light 
wires  which  passed  near  it,  melting  oflf  the  in- 
sulation, which  in  turn  was  communicating  the 
blaze  to  the  surrounding  woodwork.  At  this 
point  a  painter  dashed  a  bucket  of  water  on  the 
burning  matter,  but  received,  aa  a  reminder 
that  he  was  dealing  with  the  clectrio  fluid,  a 
sharp  shock  from  the  current  running  back 
along  the  water  to  hia  hand. 

Movable  Telephones  — There  are  some 
people  who  make  queer  diapoaals  of  their  tele- 
phones. A  well-known  undertaker  of  New 
York  has  hia  telephone  on  a  dumb-waiter.  He 
runs  it  up  to  his  room  at  night,  and  can  answer 
it  without  getting  up.  In  the  daytime  he  runs 
it  up  out  of  sight  after  he  haa  used  it,  and  when 
the  people  who  are  always  wanting  to  '*  use 
your  telephone  for  a  moment "  drop  in  for  that 
purpose,  he  tells  them  they  can  uae  it  if  they 
oan  find  it. — Electrical  Review. 

Chemical  and  Frictional  Electricity. — 
Some  one  asks,  what  ia  the  difference  between 
electricity  generated  by  ohemioal  prooesa  and 


A  Pneumatic  Street  Railroad. — A  street 
railroad  about  one  and  a  half  mllea  long,  on  an 
entirely  new  principle,  is  being  constructed  in 
Washington  by  the  Judson  Pneumatic  Kailway 
Co.  of  New  York.  In  this  ayatem,  power  is  to 
be  transmitted  by  compressed  air  from  acentral 
station  to  a  series  of  motors  placed  beneath  the 
track  at  intervals  of  about  1500  feet.  In  a  con- 
duit between  the  rails,  similar  in  construction 
to  a  cable-railway  conduit,  revolves  a  smooth 
cylinder,  or  aeries  of  cytindera  coupled  together 
at  the  ends,  about  six  inches  in  diameter. 
These  cylinders  are  to  be  kept  in  continuous 
rotation  by  the  compressed-air  motors.  An 
adjostabla  blade  or  arm,  projecting  from  the 
boctom  of  the  car,  and  passing  through  the 
narrow  slot  into  the  conduit,  carries  at  ita  end 
a  group  of  friction-wheels,  which  may  be  pressed 
down  forcibly  upon  the  upper  quarter  of  the 
revolving  cylinder.  The  plane  oi  revolution  of 
these  friction-wheels  may  be  changed  by  an  in- 
genious device  controlled  by  a  lever,  to  be 
operated  by  the  driver  of  the  car.  While  the 
friction-wheele  revolve  in  the  same  plane  as  the 
cylinder,  the  frame  supporting  them  ie  at  rest, 
but  the  moment  the  axles  of  the  wheels  are 
thrown  out  of  line  with  that  of  the  nylinder, 
by  a  movement  of  the  lever,  the  frame  Is 
driven  along  the  oylinder  by  the  diagonal  travel 
of  the  wheels,  which  is  similar  to  that  of  the 
traveling  ink-distributor  on  some  of  the  old- 
fashioned  printing  presses.  The  speed  of  the 
car  is  regulated  by  the  angle  of  inclination  of 
the  friction-wheel  axles,  the  cylinder  revolving 
continuously  in  one  direction  at  a  uniform 
speed. 

Peculiarities  of  the  Forth  Bridoe. — The 
54,000  tons  of  steel  employed  in  the  Forth 
bridge  is  that  known  as  mild  steel,  and  was 
made  on  the  open-hearth  or  Siemens-Martin 
process.  Two  qualities  were  employed,  one  to 
resiat  tensile  and  the  other  compressive  strains, 
having  strengtha  respectively  30  to  33  and  34 
to  37  tons  per  square  inch  in  tension.  Uoder 
the  combined  oircamstanoes  of  the  most  ad- 
verse oonditiona  for  the  stability  of  the  struct- 
ure, the  maximum  rolling  load,  and  the  fiercsst 
hurricane,  the  strain  will  never  exceed  7^  tone 
per  Eqaare  inch  and  in  aome  parts  oonsiderably 
lesB.  It  will  readily  be  perceived  how  ample  ia 
the  margin  of  safety  allowed.  The  ohangea  re- 
aultiug  from  variations  of  temperature  have  of 
neoeaaity  to  be  allowed  for,  and  in  so  large  a 
structure  they  are  considerable — an  inch  for 
every  100  feet  being  arranged  for  in  expansion 
and  contraction,  the  apace  over  the  whole  length 
of  the  strootnre  givea  for  thia  purpose  no  less 
than  aeven  feet.  For  each  pier  and  cantilever, 
with  part  of  the  connecting  girder  which  it  has 
to  carry,  IS  inches  of  play  have  been  designed. 
The  surface  of  the  bridge  requiring  to  be  kept 
painted  ia  no  less  than  20  acres,  while  the  rivets 
employed,  if  laid  end  to  end,  would  cover  about 
3S0  miles  in  length,  and  the  plates  used  in  the 
construction  would  extend  a  distance  of  over 
45  miles. 

Progress  of  the  Manchester  Ship  Oanal. 
At  the  half-yearly  meeting  of  the  shareholders 
of  the  Manchester  ship  canal,  held  lately,  a  re- 
port on  the  progress  of  the  work  was  presented. 
From  this  it  appears  that  during  the  laat  two 
years  the  contractors  had  carried  out  a  propor- 
tionate part  of  the  excavations  required  to  be 
done,  though  during  the  first  two  months  of 
ISSS  they  were  neoessarily  employed  in  mak- 
ing preparations  which  had  enabled  the  work 
to  be  carried  on  continuously  without  a  hitch. 
Daring  the  last  fire  months  of  the  past  year, 
weather  and  floods  hindered  the  work,  but  bad 
not  done  any  permanent  damage.  It  was  the 
intention  of  the  contractora  to  work  day  and 
night  during  the  present  year,  in  order  to  get 
well  forward  with  the  excavation.  The  ma- 
sonry and  concrete  work  waa  proceeding  ateadi- 
ly.  Besides  the  actual  excavation  of  the  oanal, 
the  railway  embankments  were  now  in  a  for- 
ward state,  and  the  viaducts  required  were  in 
course  of  construction. 


The  SiBERiAJ?r  Railroad, — Racent  foreign 
correspondence  states  that  the  Russian  Gov- 
ernment has  decided  to  push  vigorously  the 
construction  of  the  proposed  railroad  across 
Siberia.  Gen.  Annenkoff,  the  builder  of  the 
Trans-Caspian  road,  reckons  that  the  entire 
line  to  Vladivostook  will  cost  leas  than  §200,- 
000,000,  and  that  through  trains  can  be  run 
from  the  Baltic  to  the  Pacific  within  Ave  yeara 
from  the  beginning  of  construction.  The  de- 
velopment of  Siberia  by  a  traneoontlnental 
railroad  would  be  of  vast  importance  to  the 
oivilizition  of  the  world.  This  is  a  great  un- 
dertaking indeed;  but  the  magnitude  of  any 
great  enterprise  ia  no  bar  whatever  to  eetab- 
lishing  it  if  it  presents  a  reasonable  indication 
for  profit.  The  length  of  this  new  line  of  rail- 
way and  the  obstacles  that  must  be  encoun- 
tered in  ita  building  would  have  been  insur- 
mountable a  decade  ago,  but  in  this  age  obstaolea 
only  apur  projectora  to  greater  effort, 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[April  12,  1890 


A.  T.  DEWEY,  W.  B,  BWEE. 

DEWEY  &  CO.,  Publishers. 

O^e,  220  Market  Si„  N.  E.cor.Front St. ,  S.  F, 

$Sr  Take  the  Elevator,  No.  1$  Front  St.'^i 

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SCIENTIFIC   PRESS    PATENT    AGENCY. 

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A.  T.  DBWBT.  W.  B.  BWRR.  fl.  H.  STRONe. 

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SAN    FRANCISCO: 

Saturday,  April   1-2,    1890. 
TABLE  OF  CONTENTS. 

ILLUSTRATIONS.— Wild's  Roughing  Rolls  for 
Ore,  247.  View  of  Laporte,  Looking  Toward  Mt. 
Fillmore;  Figures  Illustrating  Mechanical  Theory  of 
the  Corona,  256. 

BI>ITOKlAija.— Rolls  for  Working  Ore;  A  Novel  Ap- 
plication of  Water-Power,  247.  Passing  Events; 
"SimpHnE  Ores;"  Elasticity  of  Masonry;  The'Tech- 
nical  Saciety,  254.     The  Solar  Corona,  255. 

COBBBSfONDENOB.— Angels,  Calaveras  County; 
The  Mir.ing  Outlook  in  Honuras,  248.  The  Deep 
Gold  Placers  in  California,  249-255. 

MINING  SUMMARY— From  the  various  counties 
of  California,  Nevada,  Arizona,  Colorado,  Idaho,  Mon- 
tana, New  Mexico,  Oreeon,  Utah,  Wyoming,  260-251. 

MECHANICAL  PROGRESS.-Why  the  Amer- 
icao  Iron  Trade  Must  Contmue  to  Prosper;  Files  and 
Their  Use;  Some  Peculiarities  of  Iron;  Economical 
Pumpiog;  Consumption  of  Iron  in  Architecture;  Steel 
Pipes;  Rope  TrfinBmission  of  Power;  A  Heavy  Casting; 
Miscellaneous,  262. 

80IBNTIFIC  PROGRESS.  —  SoientiBc  Experi- 
ments; Sound  Shadows;  The  St-ar  Vega;  Without 
Friction;  Iceberg  Dast;  A  Substitute  (or  Arsenic; 
Magnetic  Fingers;  Life  in  the  Water  of  Salt  Lake;  The 
Yard-Stick  Measure  for  the  Stars;  Lack  of  Symmetry 
iu  tbe  Human  Face;  Miscellaneous,  252. 

GOOD  HEALTH.— Cure  for  the  Blues;  Sleep;  Cure 
for  Pneumonia;  Scratching  the  Back  Instead  of 
Quinine;  Defective  Hearing;  Don't  Use  Carbolic  Acid; 
Olive  Oil  for  Suake  Bites,  253. 

USEFUL  INFORMATION.— A  Serious  Reflec- 
tion; Playgrounds  on  Housetops;  Tivioe  from  W  'od 
Fiber;  A  New  Rope  for  Power  Transmi  sion;  Paper- 
Box  Manufacture;  Cheap  Clothing:;  Mis  e  laneous,  253. 

ELECTRICITY.- Danger  from  Electricity;  Dream  of 
Electricity;  An  Absurd  Theory;  A  Novel  Electric 
Shock;  Movable  Telephones;  Chemical  and  Frictional 
Electricity;  Miscellaneous,  253- 

ENGINEBRINQ  NOTES. -A  Pnenmatlc  Street 
Eailroad;  Peculiarities  of  the  Forth  Bridge;  Progress 
of  the  Manchester  Ship  Canal;  Siberian  Railroad,  253- 

MINING  STOCK  MARKET.— Sales  at  the  San 
Francisco  Stock  Board,  Notices  of  Meetings,  Assess- 
rnenta.  Dividends,  and  Bullion  Shipments,  258 

MARKE3T  EB  PORTS.— Local  Markets.  Eastern 
Metal  Markets.  258. 

Business  AnnoTmcements. 

[mew  this  issue.] 
Artificial  Stone- George  Goodmin. 
Mercantile  Register —Register  Publishing  Co. 

tWSee  Advertising  Columns. 

Passing:  Events. 

There  la  do  change  in  the  looal  indnstrlal  Bit- 
nation  aa  regards  the  strike  of  the  moldere. 
A  Dumber  of  men  have  been  broaght  from  the 
East  by  the  Fonndrymen'a  Association,  and 
while  some  of  these  have  beea  oaptared  by  the 
strikers,  others  have  goaeto  work  in  the  ehopa. 
Daring  all  this  trouble  more  or  less  work  has 
been  sent  away  from  the  city  to  be  done  else- 
where. 

The  utilization  of  power  furnished  by  oity 
water  works  for  generating  eleotrioity  to  light 
the  town,  as  suooessfuUy  put  in  praotioe  at 
WataoDville,  mentioned  in  another  oolumn  of 
the  Press,  furnishes  an  example  that  may  well 
be  followed  in  other  plaoes  on  this  coast  where 
similar  conditions  exist. 

The  sunny,  pleaaant  weather  of  the  past  week 
will  have  the  effect  of  starting  Industrial  oper- 
ations of  all  kinds  in  all  parts  of  the  State,  for 
it  is  an  earnest  that  the  long  and  severe 
winter  is  at  last  over.  Building  operations  in 
this  city,  which  have  been  at  a  atandatill  for 
months,  have  again  commenced.  The  oeasa- 
tion  of  rain  will  also  benefit  mining,  since  the 
miners  can  now  do  eomething  more  than  pump, 
which  is  about  all  that  has  been  done  for  some 
'.■L      months. 

*'■  The  prospeot  now  is  that  we  will  have  a 
very  prosperous  season  in  almost  all  branohes 
of  business,  and  that  labor  will  be  in  demand. 
A  great  deal  of  work  must  be  done  to  make  up 
for  the  time  lost  the  past  winter.  Altogether, 
the  outlook  is  very  favorable  for  California. 


"Sampling  Ores." 

The  Territorial  Enterprise  of  April  1st  at- 
tempts  to  instruct  the  public  in  the  relative 
value  of  ore  assays,  classed  as  *' oar  samples" 
and  ''battery  assays." 

While  always  willing  to  learn,  it  is  just  as 
well  for  the  public  to  have  as  many  points  con- 
nected with  the  subject  as  possible,  and  there- 
fore the  Press  takes  pleasure  in  calling  atten- 
tion to  a  very  few  legally  developed  facta.  We 
do  this  In  behalf  of  our  numerous  readers, 
many  of  whom  have  been  and  still  are  assesa- 
ment-payers  and  owners  in  Comstook  mines. 

Governor  Stevenson  of  Nevada,  in  January, 
18S2,  contracted  with  the  Kentnck  Mining 
Company,  wherein  he  agreed  in  writing  to  re- 
turn to  the  aforesaid  company  65  per  cent  of 
the  car  sample  or  mine  assay  value  of  its  ore 
milled  by  him. 

Surely,  the  Governor,  with  his  35  years'  ex- 
perience in  milling  and  mining  Comstock  ores, 
would  not  have  signed  such  a  contract  if  the 
car  sample  or  mine  assays  were  so  totally  unre* 
liable  as  the  Enterprise  would  have  its  readera 
believe;  and  withal  so  worthless  as  a  check 
against  the  millmen  returning  less  than  they 
should  to  the  mine  for  whom  they  were  work 
ing  ore.  Mining  stockholders  contend  that  it 
is  the  only  check  against  the  mill  retaining 
more  than  the  actual  loss  incurred  in  reducing 
a  mining  company's  ore  to  bullion.  [Copy  of 
the  contract  can  be  seen  at  Kentuck  Mining 
Co.'s  office.  Pine  St.,  S.  F.] 

Senator  John  P.  Jones,  as  a  witness  in  the 
trial  of  the  Kentnck  case  in  Department  6  of 
tbe  Superior  Court  of  S.  F.,  Cal.,  in  December, 
ISSS,  testified  that  he  always,  in  case  of  mill* 
ing  ores,  kept  the  oar  samples  or  mine  asaays  for 
self-protection,  and  also  to  show,  by  compar- 
ison with  the  battery  assays,  that  he  was  work- 
ing the  ores  up  to  a  satisfactory  percentage  of 
their  mine  valne. 

As  a  verification  of  this  testimony,  we  ap- 
pend a  copy  of  his  weekly  report  to  the  Con. 
Cal.  and  Virginia  mine  when  he  was  working 
their  ores  by  contract  in  1SS5. 

AVERAGE  ASSAY  VALUB  OF  2009  TONS  OF  ORE. 

Gold.  Silver.  Total. 

Per  car  samples $8,402  $20,443  $2S  845 

Per  R.  R.  car  samples 9,106  20,287  29,393 

Per  battery  samples 8,169  15,536  23,705 

TlBIiD   IN   BULLION   PES   TON, 

Gold.        Silver.        Total. 
39,674       Sl'2,336      §22.010 
W.  H.  Lowell, 
Clerk  Coo.  Cal.  and  Virginia  M.  Co. 
Virginia,,  Nevada,  May  30, 1SS5. 

Here  it  will  be  seen  that  Senator  Jones 
worked  these  2009  tons  of  ore  and  returned  to 
the  company  more  than  76  per  cent  of  the  oar 
sample  or  mine  assay. 

[A  copy  of  the  above  report  can  be  seen  at 
the  Con.  Cal.  and  Virginia  M.  Co.,  Kevada 
Block,  S.  F.,  Cal.] 

Why,  then,  did  Senator  Jones  deem  it  neces- 
sary to  make  a  report  embracing  all  the  ore 
aasays  !  Aside  from  the  fact  that  it  was  merely 
an  act  of  justice  to  all  stockholders,  he  was 
probably  aware  that  the  lawa  of  the  State, 
under  which  thia  mine  waa  incorporated,  com- 
pelled himself  and  all  other  contractors  and 
superintendents  to  make  just  such  retnrna, 
under  oath,  as  he  made.  He  was  simply  obey- 
ing the  legislative  Act  of  April  23,  1880. 

We  respectfully  call  the  attention  of  all 
Virginia  newspapers  and  superintendents  of 
mines  on  the  Comstock  to  the  Act  of  April  23, 
1880,  and  aek  them  why  the  law  is  not  obeyed, 
aa  it  was  by  Senator  Jones  in  making  his  bnll- 
ion  returns  to  the  Con,  Cal,  and  Virginia  Min- 
ing Company. 

If  the  would-be  teacher  of  the  Enterprise 
should  conclude  to  continue  'his  system  of  in- 
strncting  asseaament-payers,  let  us  anggeat  that 
the  next  lesson  may  give  in  detail  the  secrets 
of  that  wonderful  Chollar  mill.  Numerous  tone 
of  ore  from  Hile  and  Norcross  reported  by  the 
superintendent  to  average  at  the  mine  above 
$40  per  ton  fail  to  give  more  than  50  per  cent 
of  that  value  at  the  mill. 

Oar  attention  has  been  called  to  some  of  the 
pan  slimes  or  tailings,  which  look  as  though 
they  had  paaaed  through  a  very  coarse  battery- 
screen,  and  they  asaay  about  30  per  cent  of 
the  assay  value  of  the  ore  from  which  they  are 
reported  to  have  oome. 

When  25  per  cent  of  the  gold  and  30  per  cent 
of  the  silver  assay  value  of  ore  is  to  be  found  In 
tailing  slimes,  something  is  radically  wrong. 
Therefore  it  is  suggested  that  superintendents 
of  those  mines  obey  the  law,  and  that  our  en- 
terprising teacher  devote  a  few  hours   of  each 


day  studying  the  manipulating  of  mill-screens 
and  amalgamating-pana ;  more  particularly 
those  pans  which  are  constantly  at  work  on 
pan-slimes  for  the  benefit  of  the  mill-owners. 
By  careful  atndy  these  pans  may,  perhaps,  give 
away  the  secret  of  why  mine  assays  and  rail- 
road oar  samples  have  been  withheld  from  the 
stockholders  of  the  Comstock  mlnea  for  the 
paat  four  years. 

To  supplement  these  remarks,  the  following 
paragraph  is  taken  from  the  Virginia  Chronicle 
of  April  2d:  "From  1875  to  1878,  when  near- 
ly all  of  the  available  stamps  on  the  Comstook 
and  vicinity  were  dropping  on  Con,  Virginia 
and  California  ore,  a  contract  was  made  with 
mill  superintendents  that  a  certain  percentage 
of  the  assay  value  of  car  and  wagon  ore  samples 
must  be  returned  in  bullion,  the  superintend- 
ents agreeing  to  pay  reclamation  on  shortage  in 
the  bullion  returns  if  they  fell  below  the  per- 
centage agreed  upon,  taking  the  assays  made 
at  the  mines  as  a  basis,  and  receiving  a  pre- 
mium if  the  returns  exceeded  that  percentage." 


The  Technical  Society. 

The  regular  meeting  of  the  Technical  Society 
of  the  Pacific  Coast  was  held  on  Friday 
evening  last,  President  John  Richards  in  the 
chair.  Randall  Hunt,  superintendent  for  the 
contractors  at  the  building  of  the  seawall,  read 
an  inatruotive  paper,  "Construction  of  Coffer- 
dams." He  said  there  was  probably  no  other 
subject  in  engineering  so  little  understood.  He 
described  coffer-dams  as  being  temporary 
structures  for  the  purpose  of  pumping  out  the 
water,  in  order  that  the  permanent  structure 
might  be  built,  and  said  the  moat  difficult  of 
the  kind  to  be  built  was  in  sand.  He  showed 
a  drawing  of  the  Chippewa  river  dam  on  the 
Chicago,  Burlington  &  Northern  railroad,  in 
which  the  coffer-dam  was  a  partial  failure.  In 
the  course  of  his  remarks  he  expressed  himself 
as  favorable  to  caiasons  instead  of  coffer-dams 
and  cribs.  He  described  the  caisson  now  being 
used  in  the  construction  of  the  seawall  at  the 
foot  of  Market  street,  in  whioh  the  caisson 
method  has  superseded  the  coffer-dam  method. 
At  the  close  a  vote  of  thanks  was  tendered  the 
speaker,  and  a  motion  was  carried  to  discuss 
the  paper  at  some  future  meeting. 

Luther  Wagoner  described  some  experiments 
in  stretching  stee   bars. 

By  reason  of  the  early  departure  of  Hubert 
Visoher  to  Honolulu,  a  resolution  thanking 
that  gentleman  for  his  past  services  to  the 
society  was  adopted. 

A  communication  from  the  American  Society 
of  Engineers  was  read  rt  questing  the  society  to 
use  its  influence  to  test  the  Bear  valley  arch 
dam  on  the  construction  of  the  newer  and 
higher  dam,  observing  if  any  deflection  occurs, 
aa  such  experiments  may  throw  considerable 
light  on  the  elasticity  of  masonry.  On  motion 
it  was  decided  to  appoint  a  committee  to  con- 
sider ways  and  means  for  such  experiments. 
The  committee  consists  of  £.  J.  Molera,  Ross  E. 
Browne,  Prof.  Frank  Soule,  Luther  Wagoner, 
and  L.  N.  Clement. 

The  Marshall  Monument. — The  State 
Commissioners  appointed  to  erect  a  monument 
in  memory  of  James  W.  Marshall,  the  discov- 
erer of  gold  in  California,  decided  to  unvail  the 
statue  in  Columa,  El  Dorado  county,  im- 
mediately after  the  adjournment  of  the  Con- 
vention of  the  Grand  Parlor  of  the  Native  Sons 
of  the  Golden  West,  which  will  convene  in 
Chico  on  the  2Sth  of  this  month.  The  monu- 
ment has  cost  $5000,  will  be  41  feet  high,  con- 
sisting of  a  bronze  statue  of  Mr.  Marshall  11 
feet  high,  surmounting  a  granite  base  30  feet 
high,  and  will  be  placed  on  the  lot  in  which  the 
discoverer  of  gold  is  buried. 

The  Bear's  Nest. — Mesara.  Venator  and 
Bernhardt,  the  two  German  mining  experta  who 
have  been  examining  the  Bear's  Nest  mine, 
Douglas  island,  Alaska,  have  returned.  It  is 
underatood  that  the  mine  is  almost  a  complete 
failure.  It  la  not  likely  to  be  abandoned,  how- 
ever, nntil  a  more  thorough  examination  is 
made.  English  and  German  inventors  are  thus 
far  heavy  losers  in  the  venture. 

At  Shamokin,  Pa.,  the  Cameron  colliery  fire 
got  beyond  control,  and  they  had  to  fiood  the 
entire  mine,  with  its  25  miles  of  galleries. 

A  Hole  accidentally  burned  through  thereof 
of  the  caisson  of  the  huge  North  River  tunnel 
has  caused  the  fisoding  of  the  tunnel. 


Elasticity  of  Masonry. 

The  Bear  Valley  Dam. 

The  residents  of  Mill  District,  San  Bernar- 
dino county,  recently  held  a  mass  meeting  and 
appointed  a  committee  to  investigate  the  con- 
dition of  the  Bear  Valley  dam.  This  commit- 
tee this  week  reported  that  in  its  present  con- 
dition, owing  to  the  immense  volume  of  water 
that  would  probably  pour  into  the  reservoir 
from  the  melting  of  the  winter's  snow  In  the 
monntaina,  they  deemed  the  dam  insecure, 
and  that  in  order  to  make  it  safe  the  lake 
should  be  lowered  to  a  depth  of  40  feet. 

The  owners  of  the  reservoir,  after  hearing 
the  report  of  the  committee,  acted  immediate- 
ly upon  their  suggestions,  and  the  water  in  the 
lake  is  being  released  as  rapidly  aa  is  thought 
safe. 

The  Bear  valley  reservoir  is  situated  in  the 
San  Bernardino  mountains,  at  a  great  altitude 
above  the  valley.  It  is  one  of  the  largest  arti- 
ficial lakes  in  the  Qnlted  States,  and  is  used  to 
irrigate  thousands  of  acres  In  the  foothills  and 
along  the  Santa  Ana  hills.  The  water  of  the 
lake  empties  into  Bear  creek  and  thence  into 
the  Santa  Ana  river.  The  valley  of  Santa  Ana 
is  quite  densely  populated,  particularly  Mill 
diatrict,  and  the  bursting  of  the  dam  would 
cause  great  loss  of  life  and  property  for  miles 
along  the  river. 

A  new  and  higher  dam  is  about  to  be  con- 
structed below  the  Bear  valley  arch  dam 
(which  is  the  boldest  arch  dam  in  the  world)  in 
such  a  manner  that  the  arch  dam  will  be  grad- 
ually relieved  of  strain  by  letting  in  water  be- 
low it,  whioh  process  may  he  repeated  several 
times.  These  conditions  afford  a  unique  op- 
portunity, never  likely  to  recur,  for  determin- 
ing the  elastic  yielding  of  said  dam  nnder 
strain,  and  the  ooeffioient  of  elasticity  of 
masonry  aa  to  which  there  is  at  present  very 
imperfect  information. 

In  response  to  a  request  made  by  the  Amer- 
ican Society  of  Civil  Engineers,  a  committee 
has  been  appointed  by  the  Technical  Society  of 
the  Pacific  Coast  (as  mentioned  elsewhere  in  the 
Press)  to  make  arrangements  to  oause  minute 
observations  to  be  made  of  the  movements  of 
the  dam  aa  pressure  may  be  gradually  relieved 
or  applied. 

The  American  Society  of  Civil  Eugineers  has 
requested  the  company  owning  the  dam  to 
afford  facilities  to  enable  this  unique  oppor- 
tunity to  be  properly  availed  of,  asking  them, 
in  default  of  other  engineers  offering  to  do  so, 
to  themselves  cause  observations  to  be  made 
by  some  competent  observers.  The  practical 
data  obtained  by  this  proposed  investigation 
will  be  of  the  greatest  use  to  engineers  all  over 
the  world. 


Southern  Pacific  Co  —Senator  Leland  Stan- 
ford has  retired  from  the  presidency  of  the 
Southern  Pacific  Co.,  and  G.  P.  Huntington 
has  been  elected  in  hia  stead.  The  other  offi- 
cers are:  Charlea  F.  Crocker,  first  vice-presi- 
dent; A.N.  Towne,  second  vice-president;  J.  C. 
Stubbs,  third  vice-president;  G.  L.  Lansing, 
secretary  and  controller;  Timothy  Hopklos, 
treasurer;  N.  T.  Smith,  aaaiatant  treasurer;  C. 
F,  Krebs,  aasistant  secretary.  Directors — 0. 
P.  Huntington,  Leland  Stanford,  Ohas.  F. 
Crocker,  Thos.  E.  Stillman,  Thos.  H.Hubbard, 
A.  N.  Towne,  J.  C.  Stubbs,  E.  H.  Miller,  Jr., 
S.  T.  Gage,  W.  V.  Huntington,  W.  E.  Brown. 
Executive  Committee — Leland  Stanford,  chair- 
man; C.  P.  Huntington,  Chas.  F.  Crocker, 
Tfaos,  H.  Hubbard. 


The  Strike. — The  Foundrymen*s  Asaocla- 
tion  brought  more  moldera  from  the  East  this 
week,  and  though  some  deserted  on  arrival, 
others  are  at  work  in  the  shops.  The  strikers 
still  hold  out,  but  the  gradual  filling  up  of  the 
shops  by  imported  men  is  weakening  those  who 
are  "  out."  More  men  are  expected  from  Phil- 
adelphia, Glasgow  and  Belgium.  The  shops  are 
slowly  but  surely  getting  their  complement  of 


The  Quartz  Mills  of  Montana  number  48, 
5  of  whioh  are  In  Beaverhead  county,  15  in 
Daer  Lodge,  7  in  Jefferson,  5  in  Lewis  and 
Clarke,  4  in  Madison  and  12  in  Silver  Bow. 
Their  grosa  output  was,  last  year,  $24,012,000, 
divided  as  follows:  Daer  Lodge,  $3,604,000; 
Lewis  and  Clarke,  $1,383,000;  Silver  Bow, 
$19,025,000.  The  average  wages  paid  in  theae 
mills  are  $3.45  per  day. 


Apbil  12,  1890J 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


255 


VIEW    FROM    LAPOHTB,    LOOKINQ    TOWARD    MT.    FILL  MORB.-See  page  249. 

The  Solar  Corona.  i  2 

Prof.  Schaeberle'B  "Mechanical  Theory.*' 
The  abstract  printed  below  and  the  outs  ao- 
oompanyiog  (a  reproduotion  of  the  lantern 
slide  used  to  illustrate  his  leotart)  set  forth  the 
leading  featares  of  a  new  **  mechanical"  theory 
of  the  solar  oorona,  whloh  was  explained  to  the 
members  of  the  Pjcifio  Coast  Astronomical  So- 
ciety at  its  last  meeting  by  Prof.  J.  M.  Sohae- 
berle  of  the  Lick  Obaervatory, 

It  was  not  in  the  least  diffioult  for  the  mem- 
bers of  the  association  to  realize  that  the  paper 
presented  by  Prof.  Sohaeberle  was  of  extreme 
importance,  and  that  It  apparently  solved  all 
the  mysteries  attending  the  coronal  appear- 
ances tn  a  simple  yet  perfectly  satisfactory 
manner. 

Prof.  J.  M.  Schaeberle'a  paper  was  entitled 
"A  Mechanical  Theory  of  the  Solar  Corona."  It 
stated  that  his  investigations  seemed  to  prove 
oonolusively  that  the  solar  corona  is  caused  by 
light  emitted  and  reflected  from  streams  of 
matter  ejected  from  the  snn  by  forces  which, 
in  general,  act  along  lines  normal  to  the  sar- 
faoe  of  the  ann;  these  forces  are  most  active 
near  the  center  of  each  snn-spot  zone. 

Ofving  to  the  rotation  of  the  sun,  the 
streams  of  matter  will  not  lie  along  normals, 
since  the  angular  velocity  of  different  portions 
of  the  stream  grows  leas  as  the  distance  from 
the  san  increases;  in  other  words,  the  streams 
are  doable  curvature.  Eich  individual  peti- 
ole of  the  stream,  however,  describes  a  portion 
of  a  conic  section  which  is  a  very  elongated 
ellipse  so  long  as  the  initiative  velocity  is  less 
than  383  miles  per  second  (lesnming  that  the 
son's  atmosphere,  as  shown  by  varioas  observa- 
tions, is  exceedingly  rare). 

The  variations  in  the  type  of  the  oorona 
admit  of  aji  exceedingly   simple   explanation, 

being  due  to  nothing  more  than  the  change  in 
the  position  of  the  observer  with  reference  to 

the  plane  of  the  sun's  equator.    According  as 

the  observer  Is  above,  below,  or  in   the  plane 

of  the  snn's  equator,  the  perspective  overlap* 

ping  and  interlacing  of  the  two  acts  of  stream- 

ers  cause  the  observed  apparent  variations  in 

the  type  of  the  corona. 

Prof.  Schaeberle    then    exhibited  a  mode), 

in  wbioh  the  sun  is  represented  by  a  ball  about 

an  inch  in  diameter  from  which  radiate  a  num- 
ber of  needles,  to  represent  the  streams  of  mat- 
ter.    All  these  needles  are  contained  between 

two  zonea  correaponding  to    30°    of    latitude. 

The  longer  ones  are   most  numerous  near  the 

middle  of  each  zone,  and  slightly  more  inclined 

to    the  normal    than    shown   in    the    shorter 

ones,  in  order  that  the  more  distant  portions  of 

the  needles  (representing  the  outgoing  streams) 

shall  have  directions  roughly  the  same  as  re- 
quired by  physical  laws.    Eight  photographs  of 

the  model,  representing  the  various   types  of 

the  corona,  were  also  shown,  and  these  are  re> 

produced  In  the  accompanying  cuts. 

When  the  model    is    placed  in  a  beam  of 

parallel  rays  and  its  shadow  allowed  to  fall 

npon  a  loreeni  the  slightest  ohange  in  the  post- 


/<^>P^ 


FIGURES    ILLUSTRATING    MKOHAI^lOAL    THEORY    OF    THE    OORONA, 


tion  of  the  model  prcdaces  an  entirely  new 
image. 

Mr.  Sohaeberle  stated  that  he  had  thus  far 
been  unable  to  find  a  single  observed  phe- 
nomenon which  could  not  be  accounted  for 
by  this  mechanical  theory. 

A  diacQsston  of  the  theory  and  a  comparison 
showing  the  remarliable  agreement  with  obaer' 
vaticn  will  appear  in  the  report  of  the  eolipee 
of  D^c.  21,  1889. 

Concisely  stated,  the  changes  In  the  oorona 
studied  by  the  Lick  astronomer  have  been  from 
month  to  month,  and  not — according  to  the 
former  custom — according  to  some  cycle  of 
years.  Professor  Schaeberle  has  pointed  out 
that  the  Dacember-January  eolipaea  will  show 
similar  oorocfe  ;  and  that  the  April-May  and 
the  August-September  eclipses  will  be  radi- 
cally different  in  appearances.  Then,  construct- 
ing his  model  according  to  the  principle  that  the 
"  streamers  "  will  be  longest  and  most  numer- 
ous near  the  centers  of  each  sun-spot  zone,  he 
goes  on  to  study  the  appearances  presented  by 
the  different  cross-sections  of  this  model  as  ob- 
served at  various  angles  above  and  below  the 
plane  of  the  snn's  equator.  These  changes  will 
all  recur  within  the  space  of  one  year. 

In  the  diagrams, one  and  two  represent  the  ap- 
pearance when  the  earth  is  nearly  m  the  plane 
of  the  sun's  equator;  three  and  four,  one  month 
from  that  "node;"  five  and  six,  two  months, 
and  seven  and  eight,  three  months  from  the 
node;  nine  and  ten  are  explanatory  of  the 
varying  perspective  shown  by  the  individual 
streamers. 

Prof.  Sohaeberle  is  a  well-known  American 
astronomer,  who  came  to  the  Lick  Observatory 
from  Ann  Arbor,  Mich.  His  principal  work 
has  been  in  connection  with  the  Meridian  Circle 
but  he  is  also  known  in  the  annals  of  astron- 
omy as  the  difcoverer  of  two  comets  (by  means 
of  telescopes  constructed  with  his  own  hande), 
and  also  as  the  author  of  many  mathematical 
papers  in  the  *' Astronomische  Nachriohten," 
eto.  His  work  at  the  Lick  Observatory  has 
shown  him  to  be  a  keen  observer  and  an  inves- 
tigator of  the  highest  rank.  It  is  highly  prob 
able  that  his  new  theory  is  the  first  step  toward 
an  entire  solution  of  this  much-vexed  question 
regarding  the  solar  surroundings. 


The  Deep   Gold  Placers  of  California. 

{Continued  from  pag"  S49.) 

As  soon  as  the  drift  reaches  gravel,  it  is 
heavily  timbered,  even  if  this  was  not  neces- 
sary before.  As  the  work  progresses,  the  bed- 
rock exposed  in  the  tunnel  iff  cleaned  up  from 
time  to  time  and  prospected.  When  the 
work  has  been  continued  for  a  time  up- 
stream in  the  channel,  cross-drifts  are  out  at 
right  angles,  and  a  series  of  squares  Is  thus 
blocked  out.  Breasting  then  begins,  the  gravel 
is  stoped  out,  the  large  bowlders  piled  up,  and 
only  the  earth  known  to  ba  auriferous  taken 
out  to  be  washed.  Aa  the  stoping  progresses, 
the  roof  is  supported  by  heavy  timbers  and  the 
space  is  filled  by  refuse  bowlders.  After  the 
tunnel  is  finished,  the  gravel  is  taken  out  as 
coal  is  mined  in  a  fiit  or  nearly  horizontal 
vein.  The  bottom  of  the  working  tunnel  is 
kept  in  bedrock  for  two  reasons:  first,  to  serve 
as  a  drain,  and  second,  that  the  top  of  the  car 
may  be  near  the  surface  of  the  bedrock  for  con- 
venience in  filling. 

This  is  the  method  in  most  drift  mines.  In 
exceptional  cases  the  gravel  is  cemented  and 
changed  to  a  hard  conglomerate;  this  must  be 
blasted  out;  few  if  any  timbers  are  then  re- 
quired. Instead  of  washing  aa  in  the  former 
instance,  the  auriferous  gravel  ia  disintegrated 
in  cement-mills  or  crushed  like  quartz  in  an  or- 
dinary stamp-mill. 

When  the  gravel  ia  loose,  it  is  damped  from 
the  cars  into  a  "V  "-shaped  chamber  and  a 
powerful  stream  of  water  turned  on.  The 
lighter  particles  fi^w  with  the  water  through 
riffled  sluioe-boxes,  from  which  the  gold  ia  col- 
lected at  periodical  cleanups.  One  man  can 
wash  the  gravel  taken  out  by  75  men. 

The  hydraulic  stream  is  thrown  In  such  a 
manner  as  not  only  to  disintegrate  the  gravel 
but  also  to  fores  it  against  the  strong  bulkheads, 
from  which  it  returns  with  the  rebound  of  the 
water  and  passes  the  nozzle  in  its  way  down 
the  aluioea.  This  operation  causes  great  agita- 
tion, during  which  the  gold  falls  below  the 
earthy  matter  and  is  arrested  by  the  riffles; 
bowlders  too  large  to  be  waahed  down  the 
sluices  are  taken  out  by  hand  and  thrown 
aside.  

Stewart  Mining  Bill  —A  letter  written  by 
John  O^re  Eaaereley  to  the  San  Francisco 
Mining  AND  Scientific  Press  of  March  29 th 
and  April  5th,  on  the  "Stewart  Mining  bill," 
headed  *'A  Bafeotive  Meaeure  Critioised," 
should  be  carefully  read  and  digested  by  every 
mine-owner  in  the  land. — Eureka  Sentinel. 


The  grippe  proved  fatal  to  many  IndianBOD 
the  north  coast  of  Yaaooaver  island. 


256 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[April  12,  1890 


£i 


Sonsilolo 


99 


Horsse     I^o'wor    XXois'tingr     T^T'lxiixis. 


J^OfS 


These  Hoisting  Whims  are  built  en- 

^^^^^^^^^^i^HM^i^B^^BlaSw  tirely  of  Iron  and  Steel,  mounted  on  a 

heavy    base  plate,   and,  consequently. 

are  very  durable  and  cannot  be  artiected 

by  extremes  of  either  cold  or  heat  or 

climatic  influences. 

The  hoisting  drum  is  completely  under  the  control  of  the  person  in 

charge  of  the  hoisting  or  lowering  ttirough  the  shaft  of  the  mine. 

As  the  drum  is  entirely  independent  from  the  driving  gears,  the  opera- 
tions of  hoisting,  dumping  bucket  and  lowering  can  be  performed  with  the 
horse  in  constant  motion,  a  feature  not  possessed  by  any  other  horse  hoist  in 
the  market,  and  one  that  greatly  increases  Lheir  capacity  by  avoiding  the 
loss  of  time  due  to  stopping  and  starting  the  horse. 

They  are  very  light  and  compact,  and  can  be  packed  for  transportation 
by  mules.  Their  cost  of  erection  is  ver^'  slight;  two  men,  in  half  a  day, 
beinff  able  to  put  one  In  place,  ready  for  work. 

With  each  Whim,  working  drawings  are  furnished,  showing  in  detail  the 
proper  construction  of  Gallows  Frame  and  foundation  for  Hoisting  Whim. 
We  carry  in  stock  the  following  sizes: 

No.  1.— Capacity  with.  One  Horse  and  Single  liiue,  800  poQnds,  75 

Feet  per  MlDute. 

No*  S. — Capacity  witli  One  Horse  and  Single  Line,  600  pounde, 

135  Feet  per  Minnte. 

Weight  of  machine,  1200  pounds.  Total  shipping  weight,  including 
Sweep,  Levers  and  Sheaves,  1400  pounds. 


is/L A^GTmjsriE;    -wo 


irlfrlFimw* 


NOS.    39    TO    51    FREMONT    STREET,    SAN    FRANCISOO,    GAL. 


NOTICE  TO  GOLD  MINERS!         Justinian  caire. Agent. 

521  &  523  Market  St.,  San  Francisco, 


Assayers'  and  Mining  Material, 


— MANDPACTURBR    OP— 


IN  QUARTZ,  GRAVEL,  OR  PLACBB  MINES.  MADE  OF  BEST  SOFT  LAKP      UPERIOB  COPPER 

Oar  plates  are  guaranteed,  and  by  actual  experience  are  proved,  the   beaj  [n  weight  of  Sil-    BATTERY  SCREENS  AND  WIRE  CLOTH 

ver  and  durability.     Old  Mining  Plates  Replated,  Bought,  or  Gold  Separated.    THOUSAl^DS  

OF    ORDERS    FILLED. 

SAN    FRANCISCO    NOVELTY,  GOLD,  SILVER    AND    NICKEL    PLATING  WORKS,  ^^^^  *«  HOSKIUS' 

1 08  and  1 1 2  First  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.  HTSBO-CABBON    ASSAT   FITKNACES 

^  SEND  FOR  CIRCULARS. ^^ 

IMPORTANT  TO  GOLD  MINERS! 

SILVER-PLATED  AMALGAM  PLATES  for  SAVING  GOLD 

IN    QUARTZ,    GRAVEL    AND    PLACER    MINING. 
PRICES  GREATLY  REDUCED. 

Only  Kefined  Silver  and  Best  Copper  used,    Over  3000  Orders  fiUed.    Pifteen  Hedals  Awarded.    Old  Mining  Plates  can  be 

Beplated,    Old  Plates  Bought,  or  Gold  Separated, 

These  Plates  can  also  be  purchased  of  JOHN  TATI.OR  &  CO.,  Corner  First  and  Allasion  Sts 

San  Francisco  Gold,  Silver  and  Nickel  Plating  Works,  653  &  655  Mission  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  E.  G.  Denniston,  Prop'r. 

Our  Plates  have  been  used  for  20  years.    They  have  proved  the  best.    We  adhere  strictly  to  contract  In  weight  of  Silver  and 
CoDoer.      SKND  F  >H  OIBOULAR. 

F"'    ^L^     ia:xjn>a-T7i3NrOrTC"o  3xr, 

MANUFACTURER    OF  ■ 

CENTRIFUGAL  ROLLER  QUARTZ  MILLS, 

Concentrators  and  Ore  Crushers, 
Mining  Macliinery  of  Every  Description.        Steam  Engines  and  Shingle  Macliines. 


SEND    FOE    CIRCULAR. 


Centrifugal  Boiler  Quartz  Mill, 


2X3     X^XfLSI?     STU-^IET, 


s.A.3\r    x«zi..A.]Nroxsc!o,    c; at.. 


Rock  Drilling  and  Air  Compressing 
Machinery 

For  TUNNELS,  QUARRIES,  MINES,  RAILROADS 

And  Wherever  Ore  and  Bock  are  to  be  Drilled  and  Blasted, 

tS"  SEND    FOR    NEW    CATAI,OGUE    OF    1889.  "SS 


RAND    DRILL  CO., 

23  Park  Place,  New  York,  U.  S.  A. 


H.  D.  MORRIS, 
220  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco, 

MANDFACTURERS'  aM  PMHASIN&  AGENT, 

Special  attentio"  given  to  purchase  of 

MINE  and  IVIILL  SUPPLIES. 


ADAMANTINE  SHOES  AND  DIES.— Guar- 

imteed   to  prove  better  and  cheaper  than  any  otbere. 
Orders  Boliclted,  subject  to  above  coaditlons, 

H.  D.  MOBBIS. 


SOLE  AGENT  FOR 


ADAKKAKTUrK. 


FRISBEE-LUCOP  MILL  CO., 

MANUFACTUEBBS    OP 

Centrifugal  Roller  Steel  Mills, 

FOR  PULVERIZING  ORES,  WET  OR  DRY, 

For  Amalgamation  or  Concentration,  and  for  Manufacture  of  Cement,  Fertilizers,  Faint, 
■     and  all  other  purposes  for  which  grinding^  or  pulverizing  is  required. 

Send  for  Catal  igrue  and  Price  List  to 

FRISBEB  -  LUCOP    MILL    CO., 

145    BROADWAY,    NEW    YORE. 


Daj's  Improved  Quartz  Stamp  Mill. 

This  Mill  is  designed  for  the  Prospector,  the  Assayer  and 
Sampler  of  Gold  and  Silver-bearing  rock.  It  is  a  perfect  mill, 
built  entirely  of  metals,  and  of  the  best  mechanical  construc- 
tion; vFill  amalgamate  perfectly  in  the  battery  or  on  plates. 
It  strikes  a  sharp,  heavy  blow  with  a  light  stamp.  Shipping 
weight,  225  lbs.    Price  S75.    Address 

p.  O.  Box  23  I ,  Cliico»  Butte  Co.,  Cal. 

N.  B.— Chappakell.  Butte  Co.,  Cal.,  Nov.  10, 1SS9.— Mr.  Ja?. 
Day,  Chieo:  The  little  mill  is  a  daisy:  it  comes  up  to  all  ex- 
pectations; it  works  perfect  in  all  respects.    Yours  truly, 

yfAhKER,  Reese  &  Co.    ■ 


Apbil  12,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


267 


AMALCAMATINC  MACHINERY. 

sump  Mills  for  Wet  or  Dry  Ctushing. 
Huntington  Centrifugal  Quartz  Mill.  Drying 
Cylinders.  Amalgamating  Pans,  Settlers, 
Agitators  and  Concentrators.  Retorts.  Bul- 
lion and  ingot  Moulds.  Conveyors,  Elevators, 
Bruckners  and  Howell's  improved  Wtilte's 
Roasting  Furnaces,  Etc. 


FRASER  &  CHALMERS, 

MINING  MACHINERY 


CONCENTRATING  MACHINERY. 


IMPROVED  CORLISS  va^'v^e'sV^Im  ENGINES.     'A     BOILERS 


Blake,  Dodge  and  Comet  Crushers.  Cornish 
Crushing  and  Finishing  Rolls,  Hartz  Plunger 
and  Collom  Jigs.  Frue  Vanner  &  Embrey 
Concentrators,  Evans',  Calumet,  Collom's 
and  RiHenger's  Slime  Tables.  Trommels, 
Wire  Cloth  and  Punched  Ptatcs.  Ore  Sam* 
pie   Grinders  and  Heberle  Mills. 


HORIZONTAL.    VERTICAL 
.  .  .  AND  SECTIONAL.  .  .  . 


:xss]pmciirso   si"E^ivi;   s^^M^mmwrn- 


Hoisting  Engines, 
Safety  Cages, 

Safety  Hooks, 

Ore  CARS,  Water&Ore 
BUCKETS, 

Air  Compressors, 

Rock  Drills,  Etc. 

GENERAL  MILL  AND 
MINING  SUPPLIES,  ETC. 
Sectional  Machinery 

FOR 

MULE-BACK 

TRANSPORTATION. 


Pumping  Engines 

and  Cornish 

Pumping  Machinery, 

IMPROVED 
WATER    JACKET 

Blast  Furnaces  for 
Calena&  Copper  Ores, 

SLAC  CARS  AND  POTS, 

Roots  &  Baker 
Pressure  Blowers, 

SUSPENDED 

TRAMWAYS. 


General  Offices  and  Works:     FULTON  AND  UNION  STS.,  CHICAGO,   iLL. 


BRANCH  OFFICES: 


NEW  YORK,  Room  43,  No.  2  Wail  St.        DENVER,  COLO.,   1316  Eighteenth  St.       SALT  LAKE   CITY,  UTAH, 
7  W.  Second  South   St.       LONDON,  ENC,  23   Buckiersbury,  E.  C.       CHIHUAHUA  CITY,   MEXICO,  No.  I  I 
Calls  de  Juarez.        LIMA,  PERU,  South  America.        JOHANNESBURG,  TRANSVAAL,  South  Africa. 

SOLE    WESTERN    AGENTS    FOB    TYL.BH    WIBB    WORKS    DOUBLE    OBIMPWD    MINING    OLOTIiS. 


THE     PBLTOIT     WATER     "WHEEL 

GIVES    THE    HIGHEST    EFFICIENCY    OF    ANY    WHEEL    IN     THE    WORLD. 


OVEE  800  ALREADY  IN  USE. 

AffordB  the  Moat  Simple  and  Reliable  Power  for  all 
Mining  and  Manufaotaring   Machinery. 

Adapted  to  heade  running  from  20  up  to  2,000  feet. 

From  12  to  20  per  cent  better  results  guaranteed  than 
can  be  produced  from  any  other  Wheel  in  the  Country, 

ELECTRIC  TRANSMISSION. 

Power  rom  these  Wheels  can  be  transmitted  long 
distances  with  small  loss,  and  is  now  extensively  nsed  in 
fill  parts  of  the  country  for  generating  both  power  and 
light. 

APPLIOATIONS 

Should  state  amount,  and  head  of  water,  power  required, 
and  for  what  purpose  ;  with  approximate  length  of  pipe ; 
also,  whether  the  application  is  with  reference  to  Wheels 
or  Motors  described  below.     SEND  FOR  CIRCULARS. 

The  Pelton  Water  Wheel  Co. 

121  MAIN  ST„  SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 


r«j-    TTU'.A.T'Esii    nvxoT^oms. 


Varying  from  the  fraction  of  1  up  to  15  and  20-hor8e  power, 
amount  of  power  with  one-half  the  water  required  by  any  other. 


Unequaled  for  all  light-ruoniog  maohinery.     Warranted  to  develop  a  given 
W  SEND  FOR  MOTOR  CIRCULAR.    ADDRESS  AS  ABOVE. -^ 


(fletalllirgy  apd  0r63. 


SELBY 

SMELTING  and  LEAD  CO.. 

416  Montgomery  St.,  San  Francisco. 

GOLD    AND    SILVER    REFINERY 
And  Assay  Office. 

Highest  Prices  Paid  for  Gold,  Silver  and 
Lead  Ores  and  Snlphorets, 

HAJfUFAOTtrRERB  "V 

BLUESTONE, 

LEAD  PIPE, 

SHEET  LEAD, 

SHOT,  Etc.,  Etc. 

ALSO   MANUPACTURKal    OK 

Standard    Shot-Gun    Cartridges, 

Under  Cbamberlin  Patent 


JAMBS    LBFFBL'S 

Mining  Turbine  Water  Wheel. 

These  Wheels  are  designed  Tor  all  purposes  where  limited  quantities  of  water  and 
high  heads  are  utilized,  and  are  guaranteed  to  give  more  power  with  less  water  than 
any  other  wheel  made.  Being  placed  on  horizontal  shaft,  the  power  is  transmitted 
direct  to  shafting  by  belts,  dispensing  with  gearing. 

Estimates  furnished  on  application  for  wheels  specially  built  and  adapted  in 
capacity  to  suit  any  particular  case. 

Further  information  can  be  obtained  of  this  form  of  constructiOQ,  as  well  as  the 
ordinary  Vertical  Turbines  for  Wooden  Penstocks  and  in  Iron  Olobe  Caaea,  free  of  cost, 
by  applying  to  the  manufacturers. 


JAMES 
Springfield,  Ohio, 


LEFFBL    &    CO., 

or  110  Liberty  St,,  New  Tork. 


FBASEB    Jt   CHALMERS,  Qeneral  Agents, 

Chicago,  111.,  and  Denver,  CoL 

PARKE    St   LACY,  General  Asenta,  San  Francisco,  CaL 


CALIFORNIA    IRON  YARD. 

HENRY  J.  ROGERS  &  CO. 

Successors  to  CHAS.  CALLAHAN 


IMPORTBKS  AND  DEALBK8  IH 

CAST  and  WROUGHT  IRON  SCRAP 

SKCOND-HAND    BOII,EBS 

AND  OLD  MACHINEKY 

Of  every  desorlptioa. 

Tie  Higlest  Price  pail  for  all  BMs  ol  Metals, 

OppiOB  AND  Yard:    128  and  130  Folsoiu  St.,  S.  F. 

Telephone  No.  67. 


California  Inventors 


Should  coneult 
DEWET&CO 

AHEB  I  OA.il 

AUD  Foreign  Patent  Soli oitohb,  for  obtaining  Patents 
and  Caveats.  BatabUahed  In  1860.  Their  long  experience  as 
louroaliBliB  and  large  practice  as  Patent  attorneys  enables 
them  to  offer  Pacific  Ooaat  Inventors  far  better  aurvice  than 
they  can  obtain  elaewhere.  Send  for  free  oiroulars  of  Infor- 
mation. Office  of  the  Mining  and  Soikntitio  Press  and 
Paoii-io  Sural  Prbsb  No,  330  Market  S.,  San  FzandBOO. 
BlBTAtor,  la  Vront  Bk. 


THOMAS  PRICE  &  SON, 

Assay  Office,  Chemical  Laboratory, 

BULLION  ROOMS  and  ORE  FLOORS, 

524  Sacramento  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

COIN  RETURNS  ON  ALL  BULLION  DEPOSITS  IN  24  HOURS. 

WORKING    TESTS    OF    ORES    BY    ALL    PROCESSES. 

SPECIAL  ATTENTION  PAID  TO  CONCENTRATION  OF  ORES. 
Ores  Received  on  Oonsignment,  Sampled,  Assayed,  and  Disposed 
of  in  the  Open  Market  to  the  Highest  Bidder. 


JOHN  TAYLOR  &  CO.. 

IHPORTBaS  AND  DKALRRa  IN 

ASSAYERS'    MATERIALS,    MINE 
AND  MILL  SUPPLIES, 

ALSO  CHEBUCALS.    AND    PHYSICAL.  SCHOOL    AND 

CHEMICAL  APPARATUS. 
63  &  65  First  St.,  cor.  Mission,  San  Franoisoo. 

^y,-^      We  would  call  the  attention  of  ^ =^^^=?--\ 

I  (  Aesayers,  ChemistB,  Mining  Com-  ^^^^£;£t^/ 
paniee,  Milling  Companies,  Pros-  ^SWTERSE^'^ 
pectors,  etc.,  to  our  lull  stock  of  ^^—z::::^ 
Balances,  Furnaces,  MufHes,  Crucibles,  Soori- 
fiers,  etc.,  including,  also,  a  fuU  stock  of 
Chemicals. 

Raving  been  engaged  In  furnishing  these  sup- 
plies sinoi  the  first  discovery  of  mines  on  the 
Pacific  Coast,  we  feel  confident  from  our  experi- 
ence we  can  well  suit  the  demand  for  tnese 
goods,  both  as  to  quality  and  price. 

Agents  for  the  Morgan  Crnolble  Co., 
Bftttersea,  England.  Also  tor  E.  G.  Dennis- 
ton's  Silver  Plated  Amalgam  Plates.  The  plates 
of  this  well-known  manufacturer  are  thoroughly  relia- 
ble, and  full  weight  of  Silver  guaranteed.  Orders  taken 
at  bis  lowest  prices.  Our  Illustrated  Catalogue  and  As 
say  Tables  sent  free  on  application. 

JOHN  TAYLOB  ft  OO. 


Nevada  Metallurgical  Works, 

NO.  28  STEVENSON  STREET, 

Near  First  and  Market  Streets,  S.  F. 

O.  A.  Ldckhaki>t,  Manager.  Ebtabusbbd  1800 

Ores  worked  by  any  Prooeaa, 

Ores  Sampled, 

Assaying  in  all  its  Branches. 

Analyses  of  Ores,  Minerals,  Waters,  eta. 

Working  Teats  (practical)  Made. 

Flans  and  Specificiitions  furnished  for  the 
most  suitable  Proceas  for  Working  Ores. 

Special  attention  paid   to  Examinations  of 
Mines;  Plana  and  Reports  furnished. 

O.  A.  liUOKHABDT  St  CO., 
(Formerly  Huhn  St  Luokhardt, 

MlnlzuT  Engineers  and  Metallursrlsts 


GREAT    REDUCTION! 
BATTERY    SCREENS. 

Best  and  Cheapest  in  America. 

JSo  imitation,  no  deception,  no  planished  or  rotten 
Iron  used.  Only  genuine  Russia  iron  In  Quartz  Screens. 
Planished  Iron  screens  at  nearly  half  my  former  rates, 

I  have  a  large  supply  of  Battery  Screens  on  liand 
suitable  for  the  Huntiugtoo  and  all  Stamp  Mills,  which  I 
will  sell  at  20  per  cent  discount. 


PERFORATED  SHEET  METAL 

For  Flour  and  Rice  Mills,  Grain  Separators,  Revolving 
and  Shot  Screens,  Stamp  Batteries  and  all  kinds  of  Min 
log  and  Milling  Machinery.  Iron,  Steel,  Copper,  Brass. 
Zinc  and  other  metals  punched  for  all  uses. 

Inventor  and  Manufacturer  of  the  celebrated  Slot  Cut 
or  burred  and  Slot  Punched  Screens. 

Mining  Screens  a  specialty,  from  No.  1  to  15  (fiuej. 
Orders  promptly  attended  to. 

San  Francisco  Pioneer  Screen  Works, 

S31  &  »S3  First  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

JOHN  W.  QUICK,  Proprietor. 


WINCHESTER  HOUSE, 


41  Third  Street, 


San  Francisco,  Cal, 


ThiB  Fire  proof  Brick  Buildinf^  is  centrally  located,  in 
the  healthiest  part  of  the  city,  ouly  a  half  block  from  the 
Grand  and  Palace  Hotels,  and  close  to  all  Steamhoat  and 
Railroad  Othces.  - 

Laundry  Free  for  the  use  of  Families. 


HOT  AND  COLD  BATHS  FBflE. 


Terms,  Board  and  Room,  $1.00  per  Day 

And  Upward. 

Booms  with  or  without  Board. 

Free  Coach  to  the  Honae 


258 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[April  12,  1890 


rQAf^KET   ;RePOF^TS. 


Local  Markets. 

San  Francisco,  April  lo,  xSgo. 

The  past  week  has  been  fairly  active  in  al 
branches  of  trade.  It  was  generally  expected  that 
as  interior  roads  improved,  an  increase  in  the  vol- 
ume of  goods  going  out  on  distributive  orders 
would  be  looked  for. 

The  iron-raolders'  strike  continues  to  interfere 
to  some  extent  with  foundry  work,  but,  judging 
from  present  advices,  the  strikers  will  soon  have  to 
acknowledge  themselves  defeated,  when  business  in 
that  branch  of  trade  will  resume  its  normal  condi- 
tion, and  upon  a  much  more  satisfactory  basis. 

The  money  market  continues  to  show  ease  under 
freer  remittances  from  all  points  on  this  coast,  and 
also  by  more  money  placed  in  circulation  in  this 
city.  Building  and  all  other  outdoor  work  is  being 
vigorously  pushed,  giving  employment  to  idle  men, 
necessitating  large  disbursements  of  money.  This, 
together  with  the  promise  of  good  crops  and  an 
active  mining  season,  inspires  confidence  in  the 
future,  which  is  well  calculated  to  promote  specula- 
tion and  an  active  money  market  later  on. 

MEXICAN  DOLLARS— The  market  begins  to 
show  more  strength,  i  he  demand  from  China  ought 
to  set  in  soon.  The  market  is  quoted  at  7$% 
@75^  cts.  Exports  last  month  were  $494,065  to 
Hong  Kong  and  $40,000  to  Japan. 

SILVER— The  market  at  the  East  and  abroad 
has  gained  in  strength.  This  usually  obtains  with 
the  India  wheat  crop  coming  in  on  the  market. 
The  quantity  of  Indian  Council  bills  will  be  less 
than  were  placed  last  year,  which  should  have  its  in- 
fluence on  silver.  The  conviction  gains  ground  that 
the  present  Congress  will  pass  a  silver  bill  which 
will  give  free  coinage  in  the  near  future.  With  the 
buUion  piled  up  in  the  treasury  vaults,  it  will  always 
be  a  menace  to  European  countries,  and  consequent- 
ly they  will  not  remonetize  silver;  but  with  free  coin- 
age in  this  country  the  remonetizing  of  silver  by  Eu- 
ropean countries  will  soon  follow,  for  the  minds  of 
leading  financiers  at  home  and  abroad  are  being  dis- 
abused of  the  old  threadbare  mining-stock  specu- 
lative cry  when  the  manipulators  have  stock  to  sell, 
of  "  We  are  going  to  uncover  a  hidden  bonanza  on 
the  Comstock."  It  is  a  well-established  fact  that 
the  Comstock  ore  is  running  largely  to  gold,  and  no 
big  bonanza  like  those  of  (ormer  days  is  likely  to  be 
uncovered,  all  stock  speculators'  reports  to  the  con- 
trary. With  gold  on  the  Comstock,  silver  ought  to 
be  favorably  influenced,  even  without  legislation. 
The  Silver  bill  will  come  up  in  Congress  next  Tues- 
day. The  action  of  the  committee  having  in  charge 
the  recoinage  of  worn  or  mutilated  subsidiary  silver 
coin,  in  reporting  in  favor  of  the  National  banks 
counting  the  silver  a  part  of  the  reserve,  is  a  step  in 
the  right  direction. 

The  local  silver  market  has  been  strong  at  g6cts., 
with  the  Mint  and  exporters  buying.  The  latter  paid, 
in  two  instances,  an  advance  on  g6  cts.  Yesterday 
(Wednesday),  while  the  Mint's  counter  price  was 
96  cts.,  a  sale  was  made  direct  to  the  Department  at 
96  Ji  cts.  To-day  the  market  is  very  strong,  with 
an  advance  obtainable.  London  cables  came 
through  at  44^d,  and  New  York  at  96^  cts. 

QUICKSILVER— Receipts  the  past  week  aggre- 
gate 216  flasks.  The  receipts  in  last  month  aggre- 
gate 3493  flasks,  and  exports  792  flasks.  The  mar- 
ket continues  strong,  with  a  good  home  demand  re- 
ported. 

BORAX— The  market  is  reported  steady,  with  the 
Eistern  demand  not  quite  so  urgent.  Receipts  the 
past  week  aggregate  445  ctls. 

ANTIMONY  —  The  market  continues  bare  of 
stock,  causing  nominal  quotations.  The  East  re- 
ports a  firm  market. 

LIME— The  home  consumption  is  quite  large, 
absorbing  supplies  upon  receipt  here.  Receipts  the 
past  week  aggregate  4947  bbls.,  and  exports  by  sea 
600  bbls.  to  Honolulu  and  150  bbls.  to  Hilo. 

LEAD— The  home  demand  is  reported  to  be 
quite  free.  Receipts  have  been  light.  The  market 
is  steady.  At  the  East,  the  market,  alter  holding 
steady  at  the  lower  prices,  is  again  gaining  in 
strength.  The  European  markets  are  reported 
weak. 

COPPER — The  market  shows  an  unusually  strong 
tone.  At  the  East,  supplies  go  into  consumption  at 
a  gooi  rate.  The  same  remarks  apply  to  Europe. 
The  French  stocks  are  reported  to  be  reduced,  ow- 
ing to  smaller  quantities  received  from  Chili  and  the 
United  States. 

TIN — The  market  for  pig  is  barely  steady.  For 
plate  the  market  is  unchanged.  Canners  are  re- 
ported to  be  well  supplied  and  not  in  want  of  im- 
mediate requirements.  It  is  a  disputed  point  as  to 
the  probable  quantity  that  will  be  worked  up  this 
season  on  this  coast.  From  present  advices  we  in- 
cline to  the  opinion  that  it  will  prove  larger  than 
that  of  last  year. 

IRON— Imports  the  past  week  aggregate  100  tons 
from  New  York.  The  market  is  still  lifeless,  but 
holders,  as  far  as  we  can  learn,  are  not  pressing 
sales,  preferring  to  wait  the  outcome  of  the  iron- 
molders'  strike.  The  slock  here  is  large.  Eastern 
advices  report  an  improved  demand.  They  also  re- 
port more  furnaces  being  erected  in  the  Southern 
Slates,  with  the  output  there  steadily  increasing. 
English  advices  report  more  furnaces  damped, 
which  will  restrict  the  output  of  hematites  fully  20 
per  cent.  Puget  sound  and  Oregon  are  drawing 
quite  freely  from  us. 

COKE— The  local  demand  is  slow.  There  is  a 
fair  inquiry  from  up  North. 

COAL— Imports  the  past  week  aggregate  as  fol- 
lows: Departure  Bay,  6860  tons;  Seattle,  10.285; 
Tacoraa,  2200;  Coos  Bay,  750;  Sydney,  2350;  New- 
castle, N.  S.  W.,  5318;  total,  27,763  tons.  Warm 
weather  and  free  receipts  of  soft  coals  cause  an 
easier  tone  for  that  grade,  but  holders  look  for  little 
or  no  concession  unless  the  weather  continues  warm 
for  two  or  more  weeks.  Hard  coals  are  firm  for 
spot,  on  passage,  and  to  arrive.  The  tonnage  at 
Australia  to  load  for  this  port  is  still  light.  The 
consumption  of  steam  coals  shows  an  increase. 


The  Hawthorne  Bulletin  says  that  Wm.  T. 
Colemao  has  Bold  hia  borax  df^poaits  at  Death 
Valley,  loyo  ooanty,  to  San  Franoieoo  parties 
{or  $400,000. 


MINING    SHAREHOLDERS'    DIRECTORY. 

Compiled  bvert  TnuaeDAY  from  Advertiskments  in  the  SIinino  and  Scientific  Press  and  other  S.  F.  Jodrnals 

ASSESSMENTS. 
Company.  Location.  No.  Au't.  Levied. 

Alabama  M  Co Nevada,.  1. 

Alpha  Cons  M  Co Nevada..  4, 

Bechtel  Cons  M  Co Califoruia..ll. 

Bailey  M  Co Nevada..  1 

Butte  King  M  Co California..  1. 

Confidence  S  M  Co Nevada.  .15 

Eaat  Best  &  Belcher  M  Co. ...Nevada 1 

Eureka  Uona  Drift  M  Co California,.!. 

Hale  t  Norcross  M  Co Nevada.. 95. 

Hartford  M  Co Nevada..  7. 

Happy  Valley  Bl.  Graval  Co.. California, 

Holmes  M  Co Nevada. 

Humboldt  M  Co Nevadu, 

Indian  Creek  IVI  Co California 

Martin  White  M  Co Nevada. 

Mayflower  Gravel  M  Co Califori.ia 

Ophir  M  Co Nevada, 

I'eerlesa  M  Co Arizona. 

Potosi  MCo Nevada, 

Quaker  G  M  Co California 

Standard  Coub.  M  Co Califuroia.,  S. 

Union  Cons  M  Co Nevada 

Utah  Cons  M  Co Nevada 


11.. 


,  1., 
,.23.. 


34.. 
18.. 


Dhlinq't.     Sale.     Secretary.  Place  of  Bdbinbss*. 

8. .Mar  IS....Apr  22.,.  .May  13, .W  H  Watson 302  Montgomery  St 

25..  Apr     5..,. May  16.,..  June  5..C  S  Elliott 309  Moutgompry  St 

10. -Feb   10....Mar  i7....Apr  13. .C  C  Harvey 303  California  St 

8.. Mar  IS.,.. Apr  22....May  13.. W  H  Watson 302  Montgomery  St 

30.. Feb  13....Mar2U....Aprl2..W  0  Lewis 723  Market  St 

75,. Mar  i2.,,.Adr  16.... May  7.. AS  Groch 414  California  St 

.Feb  11.... Mar  14,... Mar  31.  .C  H  Mason 331  Montgomery  St 

.Apr  28.. W  HRaba 224  Montgomery  St 

May  14 June  5, .A  E  Tnompson 309  Montgomery  St 

May  15...,  June  6..  J  Herrmann 303  California  St 

Mar  24 . . .  .Apr  14 . . D  M  Kent 330  Pine  St 

.Apr  17. ...May  8  .CEEUiott 309  Montgomery  Sb 

.Apr  22,... May  13,. WH  Watson 302  Montgomery  Ss 

, .Apr  14. . .  .May  14, . S  C  Mills 419  California  St 

"      ""     ..Apr  30.. A  B  Cooper 326  Montgomery  St 

,,,May  1..J  Morizio 328  Montgomery  St 

...May    S..CS  Elliott 309  Montgomery  St 

..June  9.,  A  Waterman 308  Monbyomery  Bt 

.  .May  21.  ,C  E  Elliott 309  Montgomery  Sb 

,.  ,May  5., A  Oheminant 328  Montgomery  St 

..Mayl9..J  WPeiv 310  Pine  St 

Apr  30.  .J  M  Buffiagbon 303  California  St 

May  5.,AHFish 309  Montgomery  Sc 


3. .Feb  24, ...Apr    5. 
50. .Apr     9.       "      " 

2..  Apr  S, 

5.,  Feb  12. 
25.. Mar  16. 

8..  Mar  18. 

10.. Mar  12, 


,Feb  12....Mar31 
50, .Mar  8. ...Apr  10, 
25.. Mar  12....  Apr  17. 
10. .Mar  28,. ..Apr  30, 
50.  Mar  27.. ..Apr  30. 
20,. Mar  S....Apr  5, 
25. .Mar  4. ...Apr  14. 
25. .Mar  5. ...Apr  10. 
y.,      25.. Mar  11.. ..Apr  17. 

MEETINQS  TO  BE  HELD. 

Name  of  Compaity.  Looa.tion.    Seobetaet  Ofbtgb  in  S.  V.  Mbbting  Date 

Baltimore  8  M  Co Nevada.  .A  K  Grim 402  Montgomery  St Annual Apr  18 

California  Iron  &  Steel  Co California.,  F  Bonacina 438  California  St Annual Apr  21 

Carbon  Coal  Co E  G  Knapp 407  California  St Annual Apr  17 

Gardiner  Mill  Co Nevada.. C  0  Stevenaon,  Jr 22  California  St Annual Apr  14 

Guascaran  and  California  M  Co E  OHver 26  Montgomery  Ave Annual Apr  ]7 

Live  Oak  Drift  Gravel  Co California,. J  Morizio 328  Montgomery  Sb Annual Apr  15 

Peabody  G  M  Co California.  .E  Naborp 109  CaUfornia  St Annual Apr  17 

RuBsel  Reduction  &  M  Co CaliforiJia..J  Morizio 328  Montgomery  St Annual Apr  21 

LATEST  DIVIDENDS— WITHIN  THREE  MONTHS. 

Name  of  Oomtant.  Location.     Seobetakt.  Office  in  S.  P-  Amount.  Patabl" 

Champion  M  Co California. .T  Wetzel 522  Montgomery  St 10 Jan  20 

Candelaria  Cons  M  Co Mexico., G  Gabo 309  Montgomery  St 25 Apr  5 

Caledonia  M  C Nevada.  .A  S  Cheminant 328  Montgomery  Sb 08 Apr  1 

Con  Calif ornia &  Va  M  Co Nevada,. A  W  Havens 309  Montgomery  Bt 25 Feb  10 

Derbec  Blue  Gravel  M  Co California.  .T  Wetzel 522  Montpomery  St 10 Dec  23 

Idaho  M  Co California .Grass  Valley 2  60 Mar  7 

Mt  Diablo  M  Co Nevada.  .R  Heath 319  Pine  St 30 Oct  2 1 

Pacific  Borax  Salt  t  Soda  Co.  ..California. .A  H  Clougb 230  Montgomery  St 1  00 Feb  10 


Mining  Share  Market. 

The  past  week  has  witnessed  renewed  activity  in 
the  mining  share  market,  with  Potosi  and  Cbollar 
still  in  the  lead.  The  actions  of  these  two  stocks 
are  such  as  to  give  to  close  observers  ^ealer  confi- 
dence in  the  market.  Those  in  position  to  know 
affirm  that  this  is  a  growing  market  with  setbacks, 
and  perhaps  at  times,  decided  breaks,  particularly 
in  the  leaders.  The  general  public  are  doubting 
Thomases,  still  adhering  to  the  opinion  that  prices 
must  go  quite  low  before  there  is  much  in  them. 
There  is  one  thing  that  cannot  be  denied,  viz.,  that 
every  share  of  stock  thrown  at  the  pool  is  not  only 
taken,  but  bids  are  made  for  more.  In  1886  the  North 
End  stocks  had  a  deal,  the  next  year  the  Confi- 
dence-Challenge group,  and  now  it  looks  as  if  the 
Chollar-Potosi  group  is  to  have  a  deal.  In  the  out- 
side stocks  there  is  nothing  doing,  but  toward  the 
close,  higher  prices  are  bid  for  Bodie — as  it  the 
Bodie  sharps  are  after  some  of  the  ' '  chicken  pie '"  so 
as  to  continue  assessments. 

The  return  of  Col.  Mackay  to  Virginia  City,  it  is 
claimed,  is  due  to  an  improvement  in  Union,  and 
also  to  observe  closely  the  work  going  on  in  Best 
and  Bslcher  and  Ophir.  Others,  again,  think  his 
object  is  to  get  up  a  move  in  the  stocks  so  as  to  sell 
out  and  then  go  to  New  York  City  to  live. 

Hon.  Francis  G.  Newlands,  who  is  supposed  to 
control  the  Gold  Hill  mines,  will  be  on  the  Com- 
stock the  last  of  this  month— just  about  the  time 
they  are  ready  to  put  the  pumps  in  Crown  Point  so 
as  to  pump  out  the  mines 

From  the  Comstock  mines  our  advices  report 
them  in  rich  ore  on  the  1300-foot  level  of  Con.  Vir- 
ginia, which  they  are  sloping  out.  In  Union  they 
have  run  into  ore,  but  the  particulars  are  withheld. 
In  Ophir  and  Best  and  Belcher  important  work  is 
being  done.  The  a'sessing  of  Hale  and  Norcross 
is  considered  by  many  to  be  an  outrage  on  share- 
holders. The  assessment  is  levied  in  the  face  of  a 
reported  rich  ore  development  from  the  1200-foot 
level  down.  In  Andes,  more  work  has  been  and  is 
being  done  under  the  present  management  than  for 
many  years  previous.  The  winze  in  Potosi  con- 
tinues to  show  well.  A  drift  is  being  run  through 
Bullion  to  tap  the  downward  continuation  of  the  ore 
found  in  the  winze  and  upraise.  In  Julia,  more 
work  is  being  done.  In  Alpha,  they  ought  soon  to 
begin  to  make  favorable  reports  of  the  600-foot 
wfst  crosscut.  In  Con.  Imperial  they  are  running  a 
drift  or  crosscut  so  as  to  cut  th-  downward  continu- 
ation of  the  ten  feet  of  ore  found  near  the  Challenge 
line.  After  the  crosscut  is  advanced  a  little  further, 
an  upraise  will  be  started.  The  joint  Confidence- 
Challenge  upraises  on  the  300  and  500  foot  levels 
are  in  ore.  In  Yellow  Jacket  they  have  stopped 
work  on  the  500-foot  west  crosscut  so  as  to  allow 
the  water  to  run  off.  Work  will  be  resumed  as  soon 
as  they  can  handle  the  water.  Crown  Point's 
official  letter  received  this  week  reports  still  higher 
battery  assays,  and  states  that  in  the  winze  being 
sunk  below  the  300-foot  level  they  are  in  good  ore. 
The  old  23o-foot  level  west  crosscut  is  being  opened 
so  as  to  advance  the  crosscut  to  a  point  above  the 
300-foot  level  west  stopes. 

From  the  outside  mines  there  is  nothing  of  par- 
ticular interest  to  report. 

The  suit  of  some  of  the  shareholders  of  the  Ren- 
tuck  Mining  Co.  against  Gjv.  Stevenson  for  an  ac- 
counting has  been  compromised.  The  amount  of 
money  that  the  Governor  will  pay  to  the  stockhold- 
ers, we  are  not  able  to  learn  at  this  writing,  but  it  is 
intimated  that  it  will  give  a  handsome  dividend  to 
them. 

Eastern  Metal  Markets. 

By  Telegraph. 

New  York,  April  10,  i8go.— The  following  are 
the  closing  prices  the  past  week; 

Silver  in    Silver  in 

London.  New  York.  Copper.     Lead.        Tin. 
Thursday.... 433  95|  $14  30       g3  87}     §20  10 


Friday . 

Saturday 

Monday 

Tuesday 44 

Wednesday..  i4 


953 
963 


14  30 
14  SO 
H  50 
14  50 


3  87^ 
3S7i 
S  90 
3  90 


20  10 
20  10 
20  00 
20  00 


Nzw  York,  April  8.— Borax  is  slower,  but  the 
tone  appears  to  be  steady.  Quicksilver  is  steady. 
Lead  is  a  shade  stronger  under  a  fair  demand.  Tin 
is  lower,  but  closed  with  a  steadier  tone.  Copper  is 
quite  strong  under  lessening  supplies  and  a  good 
demand. 


Table  of  Lowest  and  Highest  Sales  in 
S.  F.  Stock  Exchange. 


Alpha 

Alta 

Andes 

Belcher 

BeBt&  Belcher... 

Bullion 

Bodie  Con 

Bulwer 

Commonwealth . . 
Con.  Va.  ftOal... 

Challenge 

Ohollar 

ConHdence 

Con.  Imperial.... 

Caledonia 

Crown  Point 

Crocker 

Del  Monte 

Euresa  Uon 

Exchequer 

Grand  Prize 

Gould  &  Curry.., 
Hale  &  NorcroBB. 

Julia 

Justice 

Kentuck 

Lady  Wash 

Mono 

Mexican 

Navajo 

North  Belle  Iflle... 

Nev.  Queen 

Occidental 

Ophir 

Overman 

Potosi 

Peerless 

Peer 


8.  E.  <[M 

Sierra  Nevada. . , 

Silver  Hill 

Scorpion 

(Joion  Con 

Utah 

7ellow  Jacket.. . 


Week 
Ending 
Mar.  20 


1.45 

2.50 

.50 

.45 

.16 

2.55 

4.15 

1.25 

2.00 

2  75 


1.25 
.75 


2.90 
25 

1.00 
70 
90 

3.75 


1.45 

1.20 

2.00 

,30 


2.05 
.45 
1  90 


Week 
Ending 
Mar.  27. 


.85 

1. 10 

.40 

1.40 

2.60 

.CO 

.45 

.20 

2.60 

4.15 

1.15 

2.10 

2.75 

.35 

.20 

1.50 

25 


45 
60 
1.25 
'  30 
35 
1.30 
.75 
.30 


.80 

3.70 

.85 

2.00 

15 

20 

1  50 

1.00 

2.00 

30 

15 

10 

45 

1.90 


1.30 
.76 
.85 

4.10 

1.05 

3. 
.20 


Week 
Ending 
Apr.  3. 


l.CO 

1.20 

..55 

2.05 

3.00 

l.IO 

.50 

.20 


1.40 
1.45 

.65 
2.75 
3.7 
1.3( 

.60 

2'si 

4.95 

1.90 

6, 

4.00 

.45 

.3 
2  65 


l.BO 
.80 
.40 

1.35 
.80 
.25 
.35 

3.25 


.70 
.65 
2.16 
3.65 
.fO 
1.70 
1.00 


1.10 

60 

1.00 

4.15 

1.10 

4.40 

20 

20 

1.80 

1.35 

2.30 

35 

25 

2.30 

50 

2.20 


Ending 
Apr.  10. 


I  05    1.15 
1.15    1.26 


95  3.60 

1.00  1.26 

..  .55 

20  .... 

2.60  2.86 

4.45  5.37 

1.65  1.85 

3  55  5.00 

3.60  4.C0 

.3i  .40 

.25  .35 

2.05  2.65 

.30  .... 

1  00  1.10 

3.00  .... 

60  .65 

30  .35 

1  65  2.05 

3.10 

.40 

1.25  1  40 

85 


1.90 
1.35 
2.25 
35 
20 
2.35 


l.B 
5.12 
1.45 
6.00 

".ih 

2.40 
1.60 
2.90 

'125 

2.90 

.75 

2.75 


Sales  at  San  Francisco  Stock  Exchange. 


Thursday,  Apr.  10,9:30  a.  M.  770 
100 

300  Alta 1.25  300 

300  Alpha 1.10  600 

200  Baltimore 25c  2  0 

530  Belcher 2.40  305 

260  B.  S  Belcher. S.70  900 

100  BeUe  Isle 26l  400 

300  Bonanza 25c  260 

2300  BulUon 1.30  100 

600  Caledonia 30c  750 

550  ChaUeuffe 1.95  100 

1260  ChoUar 5.00  850 

100  Commonwealth 2.65  100 

116  Confidence 4.00  4C0 

620  Crown  Point 2,65  5O0 

135  Con.  Imperial 40c  2500 

700  COD.  Cal.  &  Va 6.60  850 

300  Delmont .1.00  360 

100  E.  a.  Nevada ICc  580 

400  Exchequer 75c  150 

30O  Grand  Prize 40c  900 

SOOG.aC 2.00  600 


Haleft  Nor 3.05 

Holmes 1.25 

Iowa 40c 

Juha 35c 

Justice 1 .50 

KentucK 1.00 

Lady  Wash .30c 

Mexican 3.95 

Mono 40c 

Nev.  Oueeu 60c 

New  York 25c 

N.  Belle  Is 1.00 

N.  r!ommonwealth.."1.25 

Occident 1.10 

Ophir 5.1.0 

Overman 1.45 

Potosi 6.37J 

Savage 2.95 

S.  B.SM 1.40 

Sierra  Nevada 2.40 

Silver  King 65c 

Utah 75c 

Union 3.45 


The  Mercantile  Register  for  Business 
Reference 

Has  taken  its  place  as  the  only  flrat-claaa  book  of  refer- 
ence published  in  San  Francisco.  It  is  a  local  productioD, 
devoted  to  the  interests  of  the  Pacific  Coast,  i-sued  in 
two  volumes  alftrnatiog  annually  —  California  being 
especibliy  fa.ored  by  representation  In  both  volumes— in 
the  Northern  in  connection  with  OreKOn,  Washington, 
Montana,  Idaho  and  Wyoming,  and  in  ttie  Southern  with 
Colorado  and  Nevada  and  the  Territories  of  Arizona, 
New  Mtxico  and  Utah.  It  ia  a  buyers'  guide  of  a  high 
standa'd,  and  the  largest  one  In  the  world,  while  the 
eatimatioo  in  which  it  is  held  by  representative  business 
men  of  the  Coast  is  attested  by  the  thousands  of  sig- 
natures  kept  on  tile  by  the  Register  Publishing  Com- 
pany, the  originators  of  the  work. 

Its  tbject  Is  more  to  bring  the  buyer  oi  consumer  into 
direct  conimuDication  with  tke  jobber  or  producer  tlian 
to  ^ive  lists  from  whicli  to  mail  circulars.  Its  extensive 
circulation  over  such  an  enormous  terrritory  necessarily 
brings  it  before  many  possible  customers  who  are  seldom 
favored  with  a  visit  from  the  traveling  salesman  or  even 
glance  at  the  many  circulars  that  reach  them,  only  to 
find  their  way  into  the  waate-paper  basket. 

It  has  only  to  be  seen  to  be  admired,  conaulted  once  to 
secure  a  patron  who  remains  a  regular  aubscriber  Great 
care  is  taken  to  confine  the  namea  given  in  the  1  sta  to 
deairable  firma,  only  the  most  substantial  buaineas 
houses  being  inserted  in  conapicuous  capital  letters  that 
are  the  only  distinguishing  mark  of  "paid  matter,"  there 
being  no  display  advertisements,  side-lines  or  corner- 
cards  to  intjrrupt  the  classified  lista,  attract  the  atten- 
tion of  the  uper  or  mar  the  typographical  beauty  oi  the 
page. — S.  F.  Examiner,  Marcli  28, 1S90. 

Santa  Barbara  has  two  miles  of  bituminouB 
rook  pavement,  which  oost  $160,000. 


Our  Agents, 

Our  Friends  can  do  much  In  aid  of  onr  paper  and  the 
cauae  of  practical  knowledge  and  aolence,  by  assisting 
Agents  in  their  labors  of  canvassing,  by  lending  their  In- 
fluence and  encotiraging  favors.  We  intend  to  send  none 
but  worthy  men. 

J.  C.  HOAG — San  Frandsco. 

R.  G.  Bailey — San  Francisco. 

E.  B.  BucKMAK— Santa  Cruz  Co. 

Samuel  Cldpp— San  Luis  Obispo  Co. 

C.  J.  Wade — San  Bernardino  Co. 

W.  W.  Theobalds— Los  Angeles  Co. 

E.  H.  Sohabfflb — Amador  and  Tuolumne  Cos. 

Frane  S.  Chapih— Colusa  and  Tehama  Cos 

Isaac  Ayer— Fresno,  Cal. 

W.  B.  Frost- Humboldt  Co. 

Geo.  Wilson — Sacramento  Co. 

T,  M.  STA0KU8— Sierra  Co. 

H.  Kbllby — Modoc  Co. 

Wm.  H.  Hillbary— Oregon. 

E.  E.   Dbminq — Oregon. 

Chas.  M.  Moody— Oregon. 

H.  G.  Parsons- Washington. 

T.  J.  May— Washington. 

R  Q.  Huston — Montana. 

K,  B.  Tafx— San  Joaquin -Co 


Bnllion  Shipments. 

We  quote  shipments  since  our  last  and  shall  be 
pleased  lo  receive  further  reports  : 

Consolidated  California  and  Virginia,  April  s, 
$50,549;  Savage,  5.  $28,091;  Justice,  5,  $5298;  Cons. 
California  and  Virginia,  9,  $56,147.  Total  for 
March  account,  $246,148;  Ml.  Diablo,  9,  $9056. 


Attention,    Southern    Oalifornia 
Adiners. 

WORKS  FOR  SALE. 

The  Works  are  situated  at  Daggett,  Cal.,  in  the 
Calico  Mining  District,  and  on  the  side-track  of  the 
Atlantic  and  Pacific  Railroad.  They  contaio  a  first- 
class  50-horse  power  Engine  and  45-horse  power 
boiler,  with  Ore  Crusher  and  other  machinery,  Mill 
Scales,  Assaying  Outfit,  etc.,  all  nearly  new.  Also 
upon  the  premises  an  office  building  and  a  comfort- 
able dwelling-house  (portable).  The  above  can  be 
had  at  a  bargain.  Apply  10  GILLISPY  &  CHILDS, 
123  California  St. ,  San  Francisco. 


f^mm^^  |<otiGe3. 


AOMB  MILL  AND  MINING  COMPANY; 
louatioD  of  piiucipal  place  of  busineBS,  San  hran- 
ciBco.  C  lifornia.  Location  of  Works,  Amador  County, 
California. 

Notice  is  hereby  given,  that  at  a  meeting:  of  the  Board 
of  Dlrectore,  held  on  tlie  20th  day  of  March,  1890,  on 
asBesament,  No.  10,  of  3  cents  per  share,  was  levied  upon 
the  Capital  Stock  of  the  Corporation,  payable  im- 
mediately in  United  States  Gold  Coin  to  the  Secret-ary, 
at  the  office  of  the  t'ompanv,  Room  IX,  No.  303  CaUfor- 
nia Street,  San  Francisco,  Cilifornia. 

Anj' stock  dpon  which  this  a«seB5ment  ehall  remain 
unpaid  on  the  15th  day  of  May,  IS90,  will  be  delinquent, 
and  advertised  for  sale  at  pubic  auction;  and  unl'^BS 
pajment  ia  made  before,  will  be  sold  on  MONDAY,  THE 
9  h  DAY  OP  JUNP,  1S90,  to  pay  the  delinquent  aasess- 
ment,  together  with  the  costs  of  advertising  and  expenses 
of  sale. 

By  order  of  the  Board  of  Directors. 

J.  M   BUFFINGTON,  Secretary. 
Office,  Room  11,  No.  303  California  Street,  San  Francisco, 

California. 


lATENTS! 

I  Scientific  Press  Patent  Agency 

"sA^I^Tf  Ikli:-  220  U[aJketSt..S.F 


MERCANTILE    REGISTER 

POK    BUSINESS    BaiFBRENCB. 


All  Authorized  Receip's  bear  this  Trade  Mark. 

Pacific   Coast  Edition  in   Two  Volumes, 

KEGISTUR    PUBLISHING     COMPANY, 
lot    MAKKtT    STREET,  S.  F. 

tW  From  our  Eastern  Offices  we  are  publishing  similar 
fortes  for  the  whole  United  States. 


Smelter  For  Sale  or  Exchange. 

One  50-ton,  wrought  iron,  water-jacket  Smelting  Fur- 
nace (36"x60"  at  the  tuyeres)  of  the  latest  design,  wih 
Crusher,  Blower,  Boiler,  Pumps,  Engines,  Tools,  and 
everything  complete  for  immediate  deliverj',  and  only 
used  about  six  months.  Cheap  for  cash,  or  will  exchange 
for  interest  in  a  LeAd-Silver  Mine,  or  erect  in  any  mining 
camp  that  will  guarantee  a  certain  output.  For  further 
particulars  address  Box  38.  Elkhom,  Montana. 


A  MIDDLE-AGED  MAN  B-Y  THE  NAME  OF  JOSEPH 
McLEARN,  Miner,  left  Nova  Scotia  17  years  ago  for 
California.  His  friends  would  be  thankful  to  any  person 
who  could  give  any  information  concerning  hia  where- 
abouts. 


April  12,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


269 


RUBBER  FACTORY. 


ly.F. BOWERS^  CO. 
AGENTS 


umm 


Monarch   Belting. 

The  nice  ot  this  Bult  >ro 

UNITED  by  COTTON  RIVETS 

Wblcta  bold  them  flnnly  together. 

Each  Kivet  is  Independent 

Ad(1  Follows  the  Sbretoli. 

THERE  ARE   NO   STITCHES 

TO  BREAK,  and 

The    Belt    has    a    Smooth 

Surface. 

Hose,  Belting,  Packing,  Etc. 

ALL  KINDS  OF  RUBBER  GOODS  MADE  TO  ORDER  IN  A  FEW  HOURS. 

W  F.  BOWERS  &  CO..  409  Market  St..  San  Francisco. 


rilAClzMlUJIi 


yiicatiopal. 


07 

ASSAYING    AND    CHEMISTRY, 
Rooms  16  &  47,  )  628  UontBomery  St. 

2d  Floor  Uontgomerj  Bl'k.  t        San  Franclsco, 
Also,  EvoDiD^'  classes,  7  to  10  o'clock. 

JOHN  T.  EVANS,  M.  A.,  Principal. 

School  of  Practical,  Civil,  Mechanical  and 
MINING  ENGINEERING, 

SiryeyiDg,  ArcMtectire,  Drawing  and  kmmg 

723    MARKET    STKBET, 

The  History  Buildiog,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

A.  VAN  DER  NAILLEN,  Preaidenl. 

Assaying'  of  Ores,  $26;  Bullion  and  Chlorination  Assay, 

920;  Blowpipe  Assay,  $10.    Fall  course  of  assaying,  |60, 

I3*8end  for  circular. 


HEALDS 


BUSINESS     COLLEGE, 

34  POST  ST.,  S.  P. 

F>K  SETBNTY-FIVE  DOIiLABS  THIS 
College  Inatructa  In  SborthaDd,  Type  Writing.  Book- 
keeplog,  Telo^apby,  Peomuieblp,  Drawing,  all  the  £n- 
gliaix  bnwchee,  and  everything  pertaining  to  business, 
tor  six  (oil  months.  We  have  alxteen  teachers,  and  give 
iDdlvtdaal  instniotlon  to  all  our  pupils.  Onr  school  has 
llB  graduateB  In  every  part  of  the  Slate. 

JOTSlND  FOB  dBOTTLAB. 

E.  p.  HBALD,  Freeldenl. 
O.  8,  HALffT.  Hecretmrv- 


PRACTICAL 

Books  on  Mining 

AND  IRRIGATION. 

Descriptive  Catalogue  and  Circulars  of  Books  relatinc; 
to  Assaying,  Mining,  Electricity  and  Mechanical  Eoginecr- 
log,  sent  free  on  application. 

E.  &  F.  N.  SPON,  Publishers, 

12  Cortlandt  St.,  New  York. 


CLAYTON 

AIR  COMPRESSORS 

For  "Working 
Rock    Drills,  Coal   Cutters, 
Hoisting   Engines    and  "Water 
Pumps  in  Mines  and  Tunnels, 
Sinking  Caissons,  Etc.,  Etc. 

SEND  FOR  CATALOGUE  No.  6, 

Clayton  Air  Compressor  Works, 
43  DEY  ST.,  NEW  YORK. 


THE  RUSSELL  PROCESS  GOMP'Y. 

TALCOTT  H.  RUSSELL,  Secretary, 
NEW  KATES  CONN. 

p.  O,  Box  406. 


One  Obmen's   12x12  Automatic  Engine; 

beat  Bbyie  in  use    Also, 1  Boiler  48  in. xl6ft.  Both  nearly 
new.    Apply  to     J.  W.  QOICK,  221  First  St., 
(Top  Floor)  San  FranclBco,  Oal. 


HORACE  D.  RANLETT, 

Ores,  Mining,  and  Commission, 

420  Mont8om«ry  St.*  S.  F. 

Ships  under  advances  to  smelting  works  In  Boston, 
New  York,  Baltimore  and  Liverpool. 

Twenty-one  years'  experience  in  Shipping  Ores  and 
Managing  Mines. 

Solicits  Consignments  of  Copper  Produce  and  Manage 
ment  of  Mining  Matters. 

All  business  conducted  on  Cash  Banls. 

Purchase  and  shipment  of  Mining  Supplies  a  Spkcialty, 

Sales  of  Developed  Copper  Mines  undertaken. 

Business  Manager  ot  UNION  COPPER  MINE,  Copper 
opolis,  Cal.;  NEWTON  COPPER  MINE,  Amador  Co.,  Cal, 


GRANGER'S  ROLLER  STAMP  MILl 

Boats  thfm  all.   "Works  dry  ores.   Slakes  even  gran- 
ulaiioQ.    No  dead  work,  Iiihcc  minimum  wear. 

A.  P.  GEANGER,  Dcnyei",  Colo. 


GRANGER'S  DRY  ORE  SEPARATOR 

Ttie  very  best.  TJacs  no  water.  No  freezing  np. 
Saves  hauling  waste.  Saves  high  percentage.  Send 
for  circulars. 

A.  P.  GRANGER,  Denver,  Colo. 


Bewick,  Moreing  &  Hooper, 

MINING  ENGINEERS, 

508  California  Street,  San   FranclBCO,  Oal 

Suffolk  House,  Laurence,  Pountney  Hill, 

LONDON,  K.  O. 

Leake's  Buildings,  Johannesburg, 

SOUTB  Af  KICA. 

Report  on  mines  and  undertake  management  of  mining 

properties. 


O.    H.  EVANS    &  CO. 

(Successors  to  THOMSON  &  EVANS), 

110  and  112   Beale   Street,  8.  F, 

MACHINE  WOEKS, 
Steam  Pumps,  Steam  Engines 

and  all  kinds  ot  UACHINERY, 


WATBB  TANKS)     WINE  TANKS  I 

CALIFORNIA    WINE    COOPERAGE     CO. 

FUI.DA  BROS.,  Proprietors, 
so  to  40  Spear  St.,  San  Franoiaeo. 

ALL  KINDS  OF  CASKS,  TANKS,  Etc. 
i^SHip,  MiNDjo,  and  WATVft  Tanks  a  Specialty.  *^]| 


RUPTURE    AND     PILES. 

We  Positively  Cure  all  kinds  of  Rupture 
and  Rectal  Diseases,  no  matter  of  how  long 
standing,  in  from  30  to  60  days,  without  the 

use  of  KNIFE,  DRAWING  BI.OOD,  OF  DETEN- 
TION FROBI  lilisiNE.ss.  Terms:  No  Core, 
no  Pay;  aintl  no  Pny^nnCil  Cured. 

If  afflicted,  come  aad  ste  us  or  aend  a  amp  for 
namphlet.     A  ddress : 

DR3.  POBTERFIELD  Ss  LOSBY, 
888  Market  Street,     •       -     San  Francisco. 


ftePiltsMriliBjil  Scale  BbsoM. 

t»-Thia  Resolvent  IS  NOT  AN  K.XPERIMENT  but  a  FACT,  and  it  will  do  the  work 
claimed  for  it  at  a  LESS  EXPENSE  than  any  other  boiler  pnrge,  AND  IN  NO  MANNER 
INJURE    THE    IRON. 

CAiuisoiB  BRornKKS&Co.,  PKorniKTons  OF  Edgak  Thomson  Strbl  Worrb,  ) 
PiTTBhi'Huu,  Pa.    Works  at  Eraoiiock.  Oct.  4,  18s7.      J 

Wo  use  tbo  PittsburKh  "  Boiler  .Sialo  Resolvent,"  and  aro  well  satiafleil  with  Uie  results  obtxined.  We  have 
tested  nearly  all  Compounds  prcsooted  to  us,  and  this  one  Is  the  only  |;ood  thine  we  have  ever  ns^d. 
Our  feed-water  is  licated  irt  Burryiuau  ileateis.  but  owin^  to  distance  of  heaters  from  hollers,  wo  rarely  exceed  160 
denrece  of  heat  in  (eed-water. 

Our  water  Is  of  the  worst  character,  containing  such  had  impurities  as  sulphate  of  lime.  carboDnte  of 
lime,  mud,  and  everythlne  that  la  bad.  Very  truly  yours,  WU.  R.  JONES,  Gen.  Supt. 

No  water  in  the  United  States  produces  scale  in  greater  quantity  or  of  a  harder  nature  than 
the  Monongahela  River,  containing  SULPHATE  and  CARBONATE  of  lime,  iron,  MAGNESIA, 
SILICATE,  SULPHUR,  ALUMINUM,  etc.  The  following  well-known  manufactnrers,  who 
are  large  steam  users  IN  PITTSBURGH,  and  using  the  water  from  said  river  as  boiler-feed  for 
all  their  boilers,  USE  TH  IS  RESOLVENT  in  their  steam  plant,  and  to  whom  reference  is  hereby 
made:  Carnegie  Brothers  &  Co.,  Proprietors  of  the  Edgar  Thomson  Steel  Works;  Dil worth, 
Porter  &  Co, '8  Spike  Works;  and  Oliver  and  Robert's  Wire  Co. ;  and  many  other  firms  In  the 
great  manufacturing  center  WHERE  THE  RESOLVENT  IS  MADE.  Reference  is  also  given 
to  Robert  MoMahon,  Boiler  Inspector  for  Alleghany  Co.,  Peon.,  and  to  the  following  Railway 
Companies  who  use  it  on  their  locomotives:  Kansas  City,  Fort  Soott  &  Gulf  Railroad;  Central 
Iowa;  Mexican  Central;  Delaware,  Lackawanna  &  Western;  Burlington,  Cedar  Rapids  &  Northern, 
Terre  Haute  Sc  Indianapolis;  Mexican   National;  and  Denver  &  Rio  Grande  Western. 

Upon  receipt  of  order,  WITH  THE  PROMISE  OF  FAITHFULLY  CARRYING  OUT 
THE  PRINTED  DIRECTIONS,  we  will  furnish,  FOR  FIRST  INTRODUCTION,  a  Barrel, 
or  Half  Barrel,  of  the  Resolvent,  and  the  invoice  will  bear  the  following  stamp: 

(  TO  BE  PAID  FOR  WHEN  RESOLVENT  1 
I  PROVES  ENTIRELY  SATISFACTORY.  / 


FOR  SALE  ONLY  BY 


TATUM    &    BOWEN 


Sole  Agents  for  the  Pacific  Coast, 
Dealers    in    Improved    Wood-Working    Machinery, 

Saw  Mill  MacMDery,  Engines,  Boilers,  Iron-WorMng  MacMnery,  Supplies,  Etc, 

Sole  Agents  for  Hoe  Ohisel  Tooth  Saw,  Gardner  Governor, 
Schultz  Leather  Belting,  Etc. ,  Etc. 

34  &  36  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco.        85  Front  St.,  Portland,  Or. 

^lE  in  want  of  Maohinery  of  any  deBcription,  write  ue  for  Deacriptive  Circulars  and  Pricea, 


.tte;      »^<3]XrES 


BY     USING 


WATER  POWER  TRANSMITTED  BY  ELECTRICITY 

To  Run  your   Mills,   Hoists   and   Trams. 

For  Circalar  giving  particulars  aend  to 

KEITH    ELECTRIC    CO., 


-  MANDFAOTDREKS  OF  - 


Apparatus  for  Electric  Light  and  Electric  Power 

OFFICE,  40  NEVADA  BLOCK, 

Factory,  Stevenson  St.,  bet.  First  and  Ecker,  SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 


-^ 


"RED 


SQXT-A.itE:    -e^Tj-aj^    i»ja.ois:.i3\rc3i-. 


Manutac'ured  frrm  efcrlctly  flret-cIaBB  Flax  and  pure  lubricants.  Superior  to  all  others  for  water  and  Bteam.  Pack- 
with  lesa  frictioD  and  makea  a  tighter  joint  than  any  othoi-  packing  made.  ^T  Imitations  of  inferior  quality  hav- 
ing been  put  upon  th»  market,  we  have  been  compotled  to  adopt  the  above  trade-mark,  and  all  of  our  packing  will 
now  have  a  BED  CORD  running  through  the  center  its  entire  length.  See  that  you  get  it  and  take  no  other.  Sold 
by  all  Hardware  dealers.  Price,  50  cents  per  pound.  W.  T.  Y.  SCHSNCK,  Sole  Manufacturer,  333  and 
334  Market  Street,  San  Franclaco,  Cal. 


GEORGE    GOODMAN, 

PATENTEK  AND  MANUFACTORER  OP 


IN     ALL     ITS     BRANOHEg. 

Schillinger's  Patent  Side-Walk  and  Garden-Walk  a  Specialty. 

OFPIOB,  8C7  MONTGOMBBY  STREET,    NEVADA    BLOCK,    SAN    FRANCISCO,  OAL, 


260  

Pose's  IJecliinicaJ  prawijg  JelWaBglit. 

FOURTH     EDI  r  ION, 

Th  aroughly  Revised  and  Corrected. 

Mechanical  Drawing  Self-Tanglit :  Compris- 
inK  Instructions  in  the  Selection  and  Preparation  of 
Drawing  Instruments,  Elementary  Instruction  in 
Practical  Mechanical  Drawini;;  together  ivith  exam- 
ples in  Simple  Geoaietrv  and  Elementary  Mechanism, 
including  Screw  Threads,  Gear  Wheels,  Mechanical 
Motions,  Engines  and  Boilers.  By  Joshua  Rose,  M.  E. 
Illustrated  hy  220  engravings.  jTourth  edition  thor- 
oughly revised  and  corrected.    8vo.    Price *4.00 

BY  THE  SAME  AUTHOR: 

modern  Steam  Engines.  Au  Elemen'ai-y  treatise 
upoQ  the  Steam  Engine,  written  in  plain  language  for  use 
in  the  workshop  as  well  as  in  the  drawing  office;  gmog  full 
eKplanations  of  the  construction  of  Modern  Steam  Enginti, 
including  diagrams  shoTiing  their  actual  opeijation;  together 
with  complete  but  simple  explanations  of  the  operations  of 
various  kinds  of  valves,  valve  motions,  link  motions,  etc., 
thereby  enabling  the  ordinaryengineer  to  clearly  understand 
the  principles  involved  in  their  construction  aud  use.  and  to 
plot  out  their  movements  upon  the  drawii  g  board.  By 
Joshua  Rose,  M.  E.  Illustrated  by  422  engravings.  In  one 
volume,  quarto,  321  pages.     Price S6.00 

Xlie  Complete  Practical  Machinist.  Embrac- 
iDE  Lathe  Work,  Vi^e  Work.  Dril  s  and  Drilliog,  Taps  and 
Dies,  Hardening  and  Tempering,  the  Making  and  Use  of 
Tools,  Tool  Grinding,  Marking  out  Woric,  etc.  By  Joshua 
Rose,  M.  E.  Illustrated  by  356  engravings.  Fifteenth  edi- 
tion thoroughly  revised  and  in  great  part  rewritten,  l^mo. 
439  pages.     Price 8—50 

The  Slide  Valve  Practically  Explainetl. 
Embracing  Simple  and  Complete  Practical  Demonstrations 
of  the  Operation  of  each  element  in  a  Slide  Valve  Move- 
ment By  Joshua  Roae,  M.  E.  Illustrated  by  35  engrav- 
ings.   12mo.    Price Sl.OO 

Steam  Boilers.  A  Practica\  Treatise  on  Boiler  Con- 
struction and  Examination.  For  the  use  of  Practical  Hoiler 
Makers,  Boiler  Users  and  Inspectore;  and  embracing  m 
plain  figiures  all  the  calculations  necessary  in  Desigoing  and 
Olaaai  yini?  Steam  Boilers.  By  Joshua  Rose,  M.  E.  IUur- 
trated  by  73  engravings.    8vo.    250  pages.    Price S3.oO 

g^  Illustrated  Circulars,  giving  tke  full  table  of  con- 
tents of  all  the  above  works,  sent  free  to  any  one  who  will 
apply. 

WW  The  above  or  any  of  our  BooJcs  sent  by  mml,  free 
of  postage,  at  the  •publication  prices,  to  any  address  in 
the  world. 

^-  Our  new  revised  Descriptive  Catalogue  of  Practical 
and  Scientific  Books,  SO  pages,  Svo,  and  our  Catalogue  of 
Books  on  Steam  and  the  Steam  Engine,  Mechanics, 
Machinery,  and  Dynamical  Ungineerinrj,  and  other 
Catalogues,  the  whole  covering  every  branch  of  Science 
applied  to  the  Arts,  sent  free  and  free  of  postage  to  ana 
one  in  any  part  of  the  loorld  who  will  furnish  his  address. 

HENRY  CAREY  BAIRD  &  CO., 

INDDBTRIAL     PUBLISHERS,     BOOKSELLERS     AND     IMPORT.- RS, 

810  WalnutSt.,Philadelphia,  Pa.,U.S.  A. 

RIX  86  FIRTH, 

225  and  227  First  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

Compressed  Air  and  Water  Power 
Machinery. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press.> 


[April  12,  1890 


KNIGHT'S  WATER  WHEEL, 

For  Mills,  Pumping  and  Hoisting. 

OVBB    300  IN    USB. 
All  estimates  guaranteed.    Send  for  Circnlar. 


The  Best  Mining  District 

On  the  Pacific  Coast  ! 

GRASS   VALLEY,  CAL. 


THE  BEST  NEWSPAPER  published  in  the  district  is 

Daily  and  Weekly  edition.  Givea  all  the  Miningr  News. 
Dealers  in  Mining  Machinery  and  Miniogr  Supplies  will 
find  THE  TIDINGS  the  best  medium  for  directly  reach- 
ing: the  owners  or  managers  of  mines.  Investors  in 
mines  will  find  it  to  their  advantage  to  subscribe. 

Many  mines  are  in  successful  operation,  and  new 
enterprises  are  being  instituted  and  many  othere  are  in 
contemplation. 

DAILY,  S6  00  a  year;  WEEKLY,  S2.50,  in  advance. 
H.  S.  SPaULDING,  Publisher. 

T.  C.  HOCKING.  Editor. 


PACIFIC    ROLLING   MILL   CO., 

MAmrFAOTDRBKS  OF 

It  Stefil  Castiis  ^^  Steel  Form 


UP  TO   20,000  LBS.   WEIGHT. 

True  to  pattern  and  superior  In  strentrth,  toughness  and  durability  to  Oast  or  WrouBht 
Iron  in  any  position  or  for  any  service. 

GEARINGS,  SHOES,  DIES,  CAMS,  TAPPETS,  PISTON-HEADS,  RAILROAD  and  MA- 
CHINERY CASTINGS  of  Every  Description. 


HOMOGENEOUS  STEEL. 


SOFT  and  DUCTILE, 

SUPERIOR  TO  IRON  FOR 
LOCOMOTIVE  AND  MARINE  FORCINGS. 

ALSO  Steel  Rode,  Irom  J  to  3  inch  diameter  and  Flats  trom  1  to  8  Inch.  Anglea,  Tees,  Channels  and  other  ehape 
Steel  Wagon,  Buggy,  and  Truck  Tires,  Plow  Steel;  Machinery  and  Special  Shape  Steel  to  size  and  lengths 
STEEL  BAILS  from  12  to  45  pounds  per  yard.  ALSO,  Railroad  and  Merchant  Iron,  Rolled 
Beams,  Angle,  Channel,  and  T  iron,  Bridge  and  Machine  BoltB,  Lag  Screws,  Nuts,  Washers,  Ship  and  Boat 
Spikes;  Steamboat  Shafts,  Cranks,  Pistons,  Connecting  Rods,  etc  Car  and  Locomotive  Axlea  and  Framea, 
and  Iron  Forgings  of  all  kinds,  Iron  and  Steel  Bridge  and  Roof  Work  a  Specialty. 

HIGHEST  PRICE  PAID  FOR  SCRAP  IRON  AND  STKEL, 
Xy  Orders  will  have  prompt  attention.    Send  for  Catalogues,    Address 

PACIFIC  KOLLIKO  MILL  CO.,  202  Market  St.,  San  Francisco. 


FULTON     IRON    WORKS, 

HINCKLEY,  SPIERS   &    HAYES,  Proprietors. 


[ESTABLISHED    IN    1855.] 


TUSTIN'S    PULVERIZER. 


— MANUPAOTDKBRB    OF— 

MARINE      ENGINES     AND     BOILBRS.- 

Propeller  Engines,  either  High  Pressure  or  Compound, 
Stern  or  Side-wheel  Engines. 

MINING  MACHINERY.— Hoisting  Engines  and 
Works,  Cf^es,  Ore  Buckets,  Ore  Gars,  Pumping  Engines 
and  Pumps,  Water  Buckets,  Pump  Columns,  Air  Com- 
pressors. Air  Receivers,  Air  Pipes. 

MILL.  MACHINERY.— Batteries  for  Dry  or  Wet 
Crushing,  Amalgamating  Pans,  Settlers,  Furnaces,  Re- 
torts, Concentrators,  Ore  Feeders,  Rock  Breakers,  Fur- 
naces for  Reducing  Ores,  Water  Jackets,  etc 

MISCELLANEOUS  MACHINERY.— Flour 
Mill  Machinery,  Saw  Mill  Engines  and  Boilers,  Dredging 
Machinery,  Powder  Mill  Machinery,  Water  Wheels. 

Tustin's  Pulverizer 

WORKS  ORE  WET  OR  DRY. 


ENGINESiBOILERS 

OF    ALL    KINDS, 
Either  for  ubo  on  Steamboats  or  for  nse  on  Land. 

Water  Pipe,  Pump  or  Air  Colnnms,  Fish 
Tanks  for  Salmon  Canneries 

OF   BV^RT   DBSORIPnON. 

Boiler  Repairs  Promptly  attended  to  and  at  V9ry  moaerate  rates. 

AQBHT8  FOR  THB  PACIFIC  COAST  FOR  THR 

X>ec(,xi.e  Stefiiaa.  I»u.TYTg>. 

SPECIALTIES : 

Corliss  £ng:ineB  and  Tnstln  Ore  Pulverizers,  DEANS    STEAM    PUMP. 

Agents  and  Manufacturers  of  the  Llewellyn  Feed  Water  Purifier  and  Heater. 


THE  GIANT  POWDER  COMPANY 

Manulaoture  Three  Kinds  of  Powder,  which  are  acknowledged  by  all  the  Great  Chemists  of  the  World  as 

The  Safest  and  Strongest  High  Explosives  in  the  Marlcef. 
OX.^KT'Xr     X>0'\7^33£3X1.    oxr    X>-S'Xi3-.^AXXa7X3, 

Of  Different  Strengths  as  Bequlred. 

NOBEL'S    EXPLOSIVE     GELATINE,"   which  contains    94  per  cent  of  Nltro-GIycerlne,  and 

GELATINE-DYNAMITE,  Stronger  than  Dynamite  and  even  Safer  in  Handling. 

JUDSON  POWDER  IMPROVED. 

FOB  RAItBOADS  AND  LAND  CliEARING.  la  (rom  three  to  four  times  etronger  than  ordinary  Blast- 
ing: Powder,  and  is  used  by  all  the  Railroads  and  Gravel  Claims,  as  it  breaks  more  ground,  pulverizes  better  and 
aaveB  time  and  money.    It  is  as  dry  as  the  ordinary  Blasting  Powder  and  runs  as  freely. 

BANDMANN,  NIELSEN  &  CO., 


OAPS  and  irir,SE  for  Sale 


SBNKRAL  AGENTS,  «AN  PRANCISCt)  OAL. 


Great  Variety  of  SHOT  GUNS,  RIFLES, 

etc.    Breech-Loaders  trom  S4  to  SIOO. 
SEND    STAMPS    FOR    PRICE    LISTS. 

GEO.  W.  SHREVE, 

625  Kearny  Street,        San  Francisco,  Cal. 

INVENTORS^     TAKE       NOTICE  1 

L.  PETERSOIS,  MODEL  MAKER, 

258  Market  St.,  N.  E.  cor.  Front  (up  stairs),  San   Francsico 
Expetimeutal  Diachinetj-  and  all  kioda  of  models.  Tin 
and  brasBwork,    All  communlcationa  strictly  confiden- 
tial. 


Ik^^ 


QUARTZ  SCREENS 


A  specialty.  Round,  slot 
or  burred  slot  holes.  Gen- 
uine Riisaia  Iron,  Homo- 
geneous Steel,  Cast  Steel  or 
American  planished  Iron, 
Zinc,  Copper  or  Brass  Soreens  for  all  purposes.  Cali- 
fornia Perforating  Screen  Co.,  145  &  147  Beale  St.,  S.  F. 


COAL  MINES  OF  THE  WESTERN  COAST. 

A  few  copies  of  this  work,  the  only  one  ever  published 
treating  of  Pacifie  Coast  Coal  Mining,  have  been  ob- 
tained, and  are  for  sale  at  this  office  for  S2.50  per  copy. 
It  was  written  by  W.  A.  Goodyear.  Mining  and  CinI 
Engineer,,  formerly  of  the  California  State  Geological 
Survey. 


N.  W.  SPAULDINQ 

Sj^X'^T    CC>]V«:I».A.3>J"S- 

Manufacturers  of 
SPAULDING'S 

Inserted  Tootli 

AND 

CHISEL    BIT 

cmcmiAB 

Saws. 

SAW  MILLS   AND   MAOHINBEY 

Of  all  kinds  made.to  order.    Send  lor  DeBorlptive  Cata 
losme,     17  and  19  Fremont  St.,  San  FranoUoa 


Iron  apd  jlllacliipe  1tforl(3. 


CALIFORNIA    MACHINE    WORKS, 

WM.  H.  BIRCH  &  CO., 

ENGINEERS    AND     MACHINISTS, 


No.  119  Beale  St., 


Ban  Francisco. 


BUILDBRB  OF 

Steam  EnRines,  Saw  Mills,  Mining  Machinery,  Dredging 
Machines,  Rock  Crushers,  Cable  Railway  Machinery, 
Ellithorp  Air  Brake  Co. 'a  Patent  Steam  and  Hydraulic 
Elevators,  Air  Cushions  and  Air  Brakes.  POSITIVE 
SAFETIES.  Improved  Ram  Elevators,  Sidewalk  and 
Hand  Hoists.  B.  E,  Heniickson'a  Patent  Automatic 
Safety  Catchea 

Machines  of  all  kinds  Made  and  Repaired. 
Orders  Solicited. 


UNION   IRON  WORKS, 

BAOBAMEMTO,  OAL. 

ROOT,    NBILSON     &    CO., 

HAMirpAOTtmKKB   OP 

Steam     Engines,    Boilers, 

AXT>  ALL  KINDS  OP 

MACHINERY  FOR  MINING  PURPOSES. 

FlourLof;  Mills,  Saw  Mills  and  Quartz  Mills  Machinery 
oODStruoted,  fitted  up  aod  repaired, 

Cront  St.,  bet.  N  &  O  Sis.,         Sacramento,  Oal. 


Golden  State  &  Miners  Iron  Works. 

Macnfiictnre  Iron  Oastlnss  ana  Machinery 
of  &11  Kinds  at  SreatlF  Bednced  Bates. 

STEVENSON'S  PATEajT 

Mold-Board  AMALGAMATORS, 
Golden  State  Pressure  Blowers. 

B'lrsi:  St.,  between  Howard  &  Folsom,  S.  F. 


THOHAB  THOMPSON 


THORNTON  THOUPSON 


THOMPSON    BROTHERS. 

EUREKA    FOUNDRY, 

129  and  131  Beale  St.,  between  Mission  and  Howard,  S.F 

HANTTPAOTITRBRB  OF  OASTINaB  OF  HVSBT  DBSO&IPTlOll. 


Mining    Engineers. 


W.  A.  GOODYEAE, 

Oivil   and    Mining   Engineer, 

MmiNO  EXPERT  ino  GEOLOGIST. 
Address  '*  Business  Box  A,"  office  of  this  paper,  Sao 
Prancisco. 


ROSS   E.  BROWNE, 

Mining  and  Hydraulic  Bngineer, 

No.  807  SjUfSoMB  St.,  Sait  Franoiboo. 


Tioga  District  Mining  Company, 

Incorporated  June  11, 1889.    Capital  Stock,  $10,000,000. 
BUT  AND  SELL 

California  Gold,  Silver,  Quicksilver,  Copper 

and  Liead  Mines 

OP    ASCERTAINED    VALUE. 

Office,  No.  IS  PARROTT'S  BUILDING.  N.  W. 

Corner  of  California  and  Montgomery  Streets, 

SAN  FEANCISCO,  CAL. 

WU.  B.  WIOHTMAN.  Pres.      WM.  H.  V.  CRONISE,  Sec. 


FOR  SALE  CHEAP. 


One  new  double  circular  Sawmill  to  carry  00-inch  bot- 
tom saw,  with  wrought-iron  hangers  for  top  saw.  Fric- 
tion feed-works,  patent  steel  screw  double-throw  head- 
blocks,  with  track  iron,  saw  carriage  and  frame  complete. 

RISDON  IRON  &  LOCOMOTIVE  WORKS, 

San  Francisco,  Cal. 


VAN   DUZEN'S 

STEAIMjetPUMP 

For  Water  Supply  Tanh.s. 

ForFii'fl'ujup  on  V:»r<S  orSn-BK'liFnfffiiiCH. 
For  Roaiiil  IIounc  4«ener:il  n'ork. 
For  Urniui  ng  i'on<ls.  I'it .h.  Cutler  l>ania,  etc. 
10  Sii.cH.    8~  to  $!t75.     Xlioii»utncls  iu   Mine. 
Write  for  Descriptive  Pump  Circular,  v 

VAN   DUZEN  &.  TIFT,  CINCINNATI,  O. 


TUBBS  CORDAGE  CO. 

(A  Corporation.) 

Constantly  on  hand  a  full  assortment  of  Manila  Rope, 
Duplex  Rope,  Tarred  ManilaBope,  Hay  Kope,  Wbale  IJne, 
etc,  etc 

Extra  sizes  and  leogths  mitde  to  order  on  short  notice, 

611  &  613  Front  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


April  13,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


261 


PARKE    &    LACY   COMPANY 

IMPORTERS    AND    UANUFACTURBRS    OP 

MINING,    MILL    and    GENERAL     MACHINERY. 


ENGINES,  BOILERS,  STEAM  PUMPS, 

AIR  COMPRESSORS,  ROOK  DRILLS, 
WALL'S  CRUSHING  ROLLS. 

CONCENTRATORS,  PULVERIZERS, 
TURBINE  WATER  WHEELS, 

ROCK  BREAKERS,  DRY  JIGS. 

Bullock's  Diamond  Drills 


GOLDEN  GATE  CONCENTRATORS, 

GREATEST  CAPACITY  OF  ANY   CONCENTRATOR  MADE, 
One  Machine  Takingr  Pulp  from  10  Stamps. 


SAW    MILLS,    MACHINE    TOOLS, 
PLANING  MILLS,  INJECTORS  and  BJEOTOBS 
BELTING.  PACKING,  OILS,  LUBRICATORS, 
FIRE    EXTINGUISHERS, 
CENTRIFUGAL   PUMPS 
ROTARY  PUMPS,  GANG  EDGERS, 
CAMPBELL'S    STEAM    FEEDS, 
MILL    and    MINE    SUPPLIES. 


c5-:Ei3Nr:E3F«. AT.    ..A.CrxajNr'rs    x'ozi 


WESTINGHOUSE    AUTOMATIC     ENGINES. 


COMPOUND,     6215  HORSE  POWER. 


SALES    DUBINQ    LAST    POUR    MONTHS: 

ox.ta.i^  uj^jnu,  4600  horse  power. 


JUNIOR,       ""'  '='•«"»•=«• 


4260  HORSE  POWER. 


CrTm,xt.cL   1?cfta,X,    309    XSaxsl^CLes,    .A.SS'*^^S^>'*^^^S    X3.975    XXc^x^se    I'o-vtr&Tr. 


21  and  23  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


189  Clarence  St.,  Sydney,  N.  S.  W. 


L.  C.  MARSHUTZ 


X.  G.  OANTRBLL. 


NATIONAL  IRON   WORKS 

N.  W.  Oorner  Main  and  Howard  Sts.,  San  Francisco, 

MANOFACTURERS    OF 

Stationary  and  Compound  Engines,  Flour,  Sugar,  Saw 
and  Quartz  Mill  Machinery. 

AMALGAMATING  MACHINES.     CASTINGS  AND  FORCINGS  ^Lf^^'^l^ 

ALL    WORK    TESTED    AND    GUARANTEED: 

IMPROVED    PORTABLE    HOISTING    ENGINES. 


NATIONAL  EOCKER  aUARTZ  MILL. 


KENDALL'S  PATENT,  AUGUST  24,  1886. 

MARSHUTZ  &  CANTRELL,  Sole  Manufacturers. 


C-    I»- 


^'Send  for  ClrcularB  and  Price  List. 


The  Patentee  and  Manufacturers 
cordially  invite  miners  to  criticatly 
examine  and  pas9  judgment  upon 
this  improved  system  of  milling 
and  amalgamating  ores  in  the  fol- 
lowing particulars: 

1.  The  cost  is  less  than  one-half  of 

stamps  of  same  capacity. 

2.  The  freight  to  mine  is  less  than 

one-half  of  stamps. 

3.  The  cost  of  erecting  is  less  than 

one-fourth  of  stamps. 

4.  The  power  to  drive  itia  less  than 

one-half  of  stamps. 

5.  The  wear  is  less  than  one-quar- 

ter of  stamps. 

6.  There    is    no  wear    except    on 

shoes  and  dies. 

7.  In  point  of  amalgamation   it  is 

superior  to  any  other  machine 
in  use. 

8.  In  its  simplicity  ol  construction. 

We  challenge  competition  with 
Stamps,  Ball  Pulverizers  or  and 
other  ore  crushing  machines  now 
hefore  the  public. 


MARSHUTZ    &    CANTBELL. 


LIDGERWOOD  M'F'G  CO 


MANUFACTCaSRS     OF 


HOISTING  ENGINES. 

300  Sty'.es  and  Sizes.  Over  6000  la  niE. 


96  Liberty  St,  New 
York. 

jt"^         34  &  36  West  Monroe 
m        \  St.,  Chicago. 

""-    -   ^  

1    197  to  203  Congress  St, 
BoBtoo. 

PARKE  &LACY  CO,, 

Agents, 
San  Francisco,  CaL 
Send  for  Catalogr^e. 


Vulcan  Iron  "W^orks, 

135-145  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco,  Oal. 

Mining  Machinery.  Steam  Engines. 


STAMP  BATTERIES, 

PANS  AND  SETTLERS, 

ROCK  BREAKERS,  ETC.,  ETC. 


SAW-MILL 

CABLE-ROAD       IMACHINERY. 

REfRIGERATINOj 


1, 


Special  Machinery  to  Order. 

AERIAL    WIRE    ROPEWAYS. 

(Vuloan  Patent  System) 

SINGLE,   ENDLESS    TRAVELING   ROPE. 


Elevated  on  Wooden  Posts,  from  150  to  2000  feet  apart, 
conveying  Buckets  of  Ore,  Coal,  Wood,  etc. 

No  Possibility  of  X.oad  Slipping:. 

Cheapest  Form  of  Transportation. 

No   road  needed;    can  he  run   vertically.    No  power 
needed  if  angle  of  descent  ha  more  than  8  uegrees. 

CAN  SPAN  GULOHSS   3000  FEET   WIDE. 


ESTABLISHED    1866. 


Pacific  Chemical  Works. 

HENRY    G.    HANKS, 

Practical  and  iQdnstrial  Gbemist,  Assayer 
and  Geologist, 

718  MONTGOMERY  ST., 


SAN  FRANCISCO. 


jpyWlll  report  on  the  condition  and  value  of  any  mining  property  on 
the  Paoiflc  Coast.  Rare  Chemicals  made  to  order.  Instructions  given  in 
A.Rsayini;  and  Practical  Chemistry 


PERFECT  PULLEYS 

First  Premium  Awarded  at  Mechanics'   Pair,    1884. 

Sole  Licensed  Manufacturers  of  the 

MEDART    PATENT    WROXTGHT    RIM   PULLEY 

^/    For  the  States  of  California,  Oregon  and  Nevada,  and  the  Territories  of  Idaho,  Washington 
Montana,  Wyoming,  Utah  and  Arizona.      Lightest,  Strongest,  Cheapest  and 
Best  Balanced  Pulley  in  the  World.     Also  Manufacturers  of 

PAT.ooT.    ,1881.  SHAFTING,    HANGERS    AND    APPURTENANCES, 

iS'SBNO  FOR  CiRGDLABS  AND  PKIOB  LlST.*^ 

Nob.  139  and  181  PHBMONT  STREET  SAN    FRANOISOO.  OAI,. 


262 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[April  12,  1890 


IMPROVED    BELT    FRUE   ORE  CONCENTRATOR. 


The  Best  Ore  Concentrator  in  the  market,  having  double 
the  Capacity  and  doing  its  work  as  olose  as  the  plain  Belt 
machine,  while  its  concentrations  are  clean.  It  is  used  in 
a  number  of  Mills,  the  most  notable  of  which  is  the 
Alaska  M.  &  M.  Go's  Mill,  where  24  Improved  Belt  Frues 
are  taking  the  Pnlp  from  120  Stamps,  crushing  350  tons 
per  day,  and  is  giving  entire  satisfaction  as  against  48 
plain  Belt  Machines,  taking  the  Pulp  from  the  other  120 
Stamps. 

^ 

Price  of  Improved  Belt  Frue  Vanner,  $900,  f.  o.b. 
Price  of  Plain  Belt  Frue  Vanner,  $575,  f.  o.  b. 


For  Famphlets,  Testimonials  and  fnrther  information 
apply  at  office. 

ADAMS  &  CARTER,  Agents  FRUE  VANNING  MA 


Protected  by  Patents  December  22,  1874;  September  2,  ' 
1879;  April  27,  1880;  March  22,  1881;  February  20, 1883; 
September  18,  1883;  July  24,  1888.    Patents  applied  for. 


Cai 


There  are  Over  2200  Plain  Belt  Machines  now 
in  Use. 

Thk  Uontana  Compamt  (Limited).  London,  October  8, 1885. 
DBAa  Sirs:— Having  tested  three  of  your  Frue  Vaoners  in  a  com- 
petitive trial  with  other  similar  machines  (Triumph),  we  have  satisfied 
ourselves  of  the  superiority  of  your  Vanoers,  as  is  evidenced  by  the 
(act  of  our  having  ordered  20  more  of  your  machines  for  immediate 
delivery.     Yours  truly,         THE  MONTANA  COMPANY  (Limited). 

N.  B. — Since  the  above  was  written  the  20  Vanners,  having  been 
started,  gave  such  satisfaction  that  44  additional  Fruea  and  more 
stamps  have  been  purchased.  ADAMS    &    CARTER. 


15,  No.  132  Market  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


CALIFORNIA 

MANOFACTUBERS  OF 

Steel  Wire  Rope, 


■in«'¥'  A  T=tT.T-«aTT-Fi1-»     18SS. 


WrRE    WORKS 


xi>a'co:t(.f>Oft..^f  x:x3  1882. 


-OF  ALL  KINDS  FOR- 


CABLE  RAILWAYS, 

ROPEWAYS  and  TRAMWAYS, 

Mining,  Shipping  &  General  Purposes. 


WIRE, 

BARBED   WIRE, 
WIRE   NAILS, 


WIRE    CLOTH.     ^ 


Pull  Assortment  Always  In  Stock 


OFFICE: 

9  Fremont  Street,  San  Francisco. 

Send  for  Illustrated  Catalogue. 


HALLIDIE'S 


Patent  VV'RE  Ropeway, 


For  the  Economical  and  Rapid 

Transportation   of  lOre 

and  other  material. 


Erected  by  Ua  Duriog  the  Paat  Fourteen  Years  in  Spans  of 

200  TO  2.000  FEET. 


Simple,  Economical  and  Durable. 


TBANSPOBTATION       OF      ORE      BY      HAI^LIDIE'S    PATENT     WIRE    ROPEWAY. 


HAVE   BEEN  THOROUGHLY  TESTED 
In  all  Parts  of  the  Country. 


WM.  H.  TAYLOR,  President. 


R.  S.  MOORE,  Superintendent. 


Risdon  Iron  and  Locomotive  Works, 

S.  E.  CORNER  HOWARD  AND  BEjkLE  STS.,  SAN  FRANCISCO. 


MANUFACTURERS    OF    ALL    KINDS    OF 


Mining   and    Milling   Machinery,  Engines   and    Boilers, 

SHEET-IRON  WATER  PIPE  for  Mining  and  Irrigation  Purposes. 


ExciuBive  Agents  for  the  Pacific  Coaet  of  HEINE  PATENT  SAFETY  BOILER  and  MACBETH  STEEL  PULLEY. 

AGENTS    FOR    THE    PACIPIO    COAST    OF 

BRYA^N'S    ROLLER   QUARTZ;    M:ILL. 

NEW    COMMON     SENSE    STEEL    WHIM. 

All  Complete  for  SI 50. 

No  cog-wheels  or  clntches  to  break.  Ninety  per  cent  of  this  Whim  is  wrought  iron  and  ateel,  and  wiLl  spring  or  bend  before  breaking,  and  besidea 
can  be  repaired  at  any  blacksmith  shop,  should  breakage  occur,  thus  obviating  the  necessity  of  aanding  away  hundreds  of  miles  BOmetimes,  and  waiting 
a  week  for  repairs.     The  Brake  sets  itself  when  the  horae  stops  or  anything  gives  way. 

It  can  be  packed  anywhere  a  jack  can  go,  the  heaviest  piece  weighing  but  100  ponnda;  total 
weight,  650  pounds.  The  sweep  can  be  thrown  out  or  in  gear  at  any  time,  and  the  backet  hoisted, 
damped  or  lowered  while  the  horse  is  in  motion.  It  is  just  as  safe  and  reliable  as  an  engine,  and 
can  be  handled  as  readily,  and  is  just  the  thing  to  open  ap  a  mine  and  make  it  pay.  Spending 
thousands  of  dollars  in  fine  machinery  and  shaft  houses  has  *' busted"  many  a  company.  Buy  a 
COMMON  SENSE  WHIM,  and  when  you  have  got  more  ore  than  our  Whim  will  hoiat,  then  it  is 
time  to  buy  an  engine,  not  before.  It  will  save  yoa  thousands  of  dollars  if  your  mine  should  not 
pay.  Being  all  iron  except  the  sweep,  it  will  not  rot,  warp,  twist,  or  get  out  of  true.  Being 
wrought  iron,  it  will  not  break  in  transportation.  We  also  m  ke  Two,  Four  and  EroHX  Horse 
Power  Whims,  Derrick  Whims,  and  Building  Hoists,  Ore  Buckets,  and  everything  pertaining  to 
Horse  Power  Hoisting.     State  for  what  purpose,  and  at  what  place  you  want  to  use  it. 

i^Oome  and  see  one  at  our  works  in  operation',  or  send  for  circular. 


}  Dewey  &  Co.'s  Scientific  Press  Patent  Agency  {^Tser" 


A.  T  Dewby 
W.  B.  EWEE. 
Geo.  H.  Strong. 

Inventors  on  the  Pacific  Coast  will  find  it  ^eatly  to  their  advantage  co  consult  this  old,  experienced,  firBt-cIass 
Agency.  We  have  able  and  trustworthy  Associates  and  Agents  in  WashlnErton  and  the  capital  cities  of  the  principal 
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cases  in  our  ofifice,  we  have  other  advantages  far  beyond  those  which  can  be  offered  home  inventors  by  other  agencie 
the  information  accumulated  through  long  and  careful  practice  before  the  Office,  and  the  frequent  examination  o 
patents  already  ffranted,  for  the  purpose  of  determining  the  patentability  of  inventions  brought  before  us,  enables 
OB  often  lo  give  advice  which  will  save  inventors  the  expense  of  applying  for  Patents  upon  Inventions  which  are  not 
oaw.  Circulars  of  ftdvlce  sent  free  on  receipt  o(  postage.  Address  J>£WET  k  CO.,  Patent  Agents,  2S0  Market  Si,  ^  F 


X.  s. 


^m-. 


<*>  oo. 


Importers  and  Dealers  In 

IRON,  STEEL,  HEAVY  HARDWARE,  CUMBERLAND  COAL,  PERKINS  AND  BURDENS 

Horse  and  Mule  Shoes,  Putnam,  Globe  and  Northwestern  Horseshoe  Nails,  HARDWOOD  LUMBER  AND  WAGON 
MATERIALS,  Blacksmith  and  Carriase  Makers'  Supplies. 

SOLE    AGENTS     FOR    THE    WELLS    RUSTLESS    PIPE    AND    FITTINGS. 
Specially  manufactured  for  use  in  Artesian  Wells,  and  for  conveying  water  charged  with  Salts  and   Minerals,  Acids, 
Gases  or  other  substances  of  a  corrosive  nature.    In  building  it  takes  the  plaoe  of  either  black  or  galvanized  piping 
or  gaSi  water-waste,  etc.    Catalogues  and  testimonials,  from  large  users  in  the  United  States,  sent  on  application. 

413-415  MABKET  STR££T,  SAJT  rBAKCISGO. 


VOL.    LiX.-  Number  la. 

DEWEY  &  CO.,  PuBLiSHCKS. 


SAN    FRANCISCO,    SATURDAY,  APRIL   19.    1890. 


Tliree  Dollars  per  Annum. 

Single  Copies,  10  Cta. 


THE    TEMPLES    AND    TOWERS    OF    THE    VIRQBN,    GRAND    CANYON    Off    THE    COLORADO.-See  pago  270. 


Mechanical   Feed  for  Boiler  Furnaces. 

Oa  thie  page  is  an  engraviog  of  a  IdO  horee 
power  Heine  boiler,  equipped  with  the  Koney 
meobanioal  atoker.  Thie  boiler  has  a  great  rep- 
at;atioaaBa  cheap  and  efficient  generator  of 
ateain,  and  when  6tted  with  a  tneohanical  stok- 
er, will  aucoeBBfally  burn  low-grade  fuel,  aotbat 
the  cost  of  evaporating  a  poand  of  water  into 
ateamia  materially  reduced.  The  California 
EnglneeriDg  Co.  of  thia  city  ia  rapidly  intro- 
ducing this  meobanioal  atoker  into  use  on  this 
coaat.  By  means  of  thia  device,  alack  screen- 
ing9,  etc.,  may  be  burned  withoat  trouble, 
greatly  rednoing  the  cost  of  making  ateam. 
The  machine  feeds  the  Hre  with  great  regnlar- 
Ity  and  the  rocking  motion  of  the  grates  pre- 
V  nta  any  caking.  The  application  of  the 
atoker  to  the  remodeling  of  existing  boiler 
plants  ia  quite  easy,  as  the  atoker  itself  is  in- 
dependent  of  the  masonry  of  the  boiler  setting. 


The  prospeotora  into  the  Oarriso  moantains 
on  the  Navajo  Reservation  have  returned  to 
Albuquerque,  N.  M.,  with  stories  of  the  won- 
derful richness  in  gold  and  silver  of  that  sec- 
tion, and  the  ease  with  which  the  mineral  can 
be  secured,  Nature  providing  plenty  of  water 
and  timber.  An  effort  will  be  made  to  have 
the  district  detached  from  the  ceservatlon. 


BETTING    OF    150-HO38E    POWER    SEINE    BOJL^R    WITH    MECHANICAL    STOICBIl. 


The  New  Eogland  Society  of  California  Pio- 
neers left  Boston  on  the  lOch  for  a  visit  to  Cali- 
fornia. It  is  the  intention  of  the  party  to  make 
trips  to  many  of  the  old  piining  camps  »Q(f 
tp^n?  Qt  the  8tftte, 


26t 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press, 


[April  19,  1890 


The  Deep  Gold  Placers  of  California. 

NUMBER    III, 

[Written  for  the  Press  and  Copy rit,'h ted  1S90,  by  Henry 
G.  Hanks,  F.  G.  S.  A.,  F.  G.  S.] 

The  Deep  CiiaDnela. 

The  ideal  deep-lying  auriferouB  channel  is 
i^iite  different  from  the  real  one.  The  ideal  is 
a  rocky  troagh  with  smooth  sides  and  a  uni- 
form rimrock,  the  real  one  is  an  elongated  ba- 
sin scooped  out  of  the  bedrock,  of  varying 
width  and  depth,  with  an  uneven  and  extreme- 
ly rough  bottom. 

Such  channels  are  uncovered  in  hydraulic 
mining  but  never  in  drifting.  In  the  latter  case 
they  are  only  seen  by  the  dim  light  of  candles; 
in  the  former,  exposed  to  the  broad  sunlight, 
they  may  be  minutely  examined.  They  are  not 
synclinal  tronghs  or  folds,  but  cub  channels  too 
wide  to  be  the  work  of  rivers  and  frequently 
too  flit  to  have  been  the  beds  of  rapid  streams. 
The  late  Mr.  W.  A.  Skidmore  thus  described 
them  as  seen  by  him: 

"  These  ancient  channels  are  sinnoas  in  their 
oourse,  and  have  many  branches  and  triba- 
taries.  Their  grades  vary  from  20  to  300  feet 
per  mile,  sometimes  confined  within  narrow 
banks,  and  again  assuming  lacustrine  propor- 
tions.   *     *     * 

"  The  San  Juan  Eidge  at  North  Bloomfield  has 
a  ohannel  about  200  feet  wide  on  the  bottom 
and  SOD  feet  wide  at  the  sarface.  The  com- 
pany own  about  19,000  linear  feet  of  the  chan- 
nel, which  has  been  continuously  worked  since 
1S53. 

*****  The  channel  on  which  the  Bloom- 
field  and  Milton  Companies  are  operating  has 
been  opened  in  so  many  places  that  its  position 
has  been  accurately  determined  and  its  contents 
approximately  ascertained.  Within  the  limits 
of  the  San  Juan  Ridge  alone,  in  the  county  of 
Nevada,  it  is  known  that  there  remains  to  be 
extracted  about  g;90,000,000.  In  other  por- 
tions of  the  county  the  position  of  the  gravel 
channels  is  not  at  present  so  well  known.  It 
is,  however,  known  that  they  exist  for  many 
miles  in  length." 

While  gravel  channels  have  the  same  general 
character,  they  differ  in  detail.  An  accidental 
depression  in  the  rimrock,  explored  by  a  bore- 
hole, may  be  mistaken  for  the  bottom,  in  which 
oase  driving  for  it  would  result  in  disappoint- 
ment  and  financial  loss.  The  most  skillfnl  en- 
gineering will  not  insure  connecting  with  the 
bottom  of  the  channel  by  a  drift,  because  there 
are  unseen  irregularities  which  cannot  be  al- 
lowed for.  This  may  be  understood  by  exam- 
ining the  channels  of  mines  exposed  by  hydraul- 
ioking. 

Channel  Filling. 

The  deep  placer  channels  of  California  are 
filled  with  gravels  having  a  varying  thickness 
of  from  20  to  400  feet.  Large  bowlders  gener- 
ally lie  on  the  bedrock.  They  are  not  of  uni- 
form size,  but  range  from  the  well  known  cob 
bles  used  in  paving  city  streets  to  masses  of 
many  tons  weight.  Stones  of  lesser  size  than 
those  first  mentioned  are  designated  as  gravel, 
coarse,  medium,  and  fine — the  latter  down  to  a 
quarter  of  an  inch  in  diameter.  Lsss  than  this 
is  called  sand,  also  of  many  grades  of  fineness. 
When  it  passes  through  a  60  mesh  sieve,  it  be- 
comes silt,  the  finest  of  which  remains  in 
auBpense  for  many  days.  As  an  illustration  of 
this,  I  give  the  result  of  my  experiments. 

A  sample  of  muddy  San  Francisco  surface 
water  was  taken  from  a  small  pool  on  the  bill, 
near  my  residence  on  Greenwich  street,  Jan.  1, 
1SS6,  after  a  heavy  rain.  It  was  set  aside  and 
closely  watched.  Not  until  March  20  (S5  days 
after)  did  it  settle  perfectly  clear.  Feb.  9, 
ISSS,  a  second  experiment  was  made,  the  con- 
tents of  the  bottle  were  well  shaken  up;  the 
next  day  a  stratum  of  the  heaviest  particles 
had  settled,  but  the  liquid  was  otherwise  nn- 
changed.  On  the  15th,  more  had  settled,  but 
it  was  still  opalescent  and  semi-opaque.  March 
IS,  it  was  still  milky,  but  the  extreme  upper 
surface  to  a  depth  of  two  or  three  millimeters 
was  clear;  all  below  was  translucent,  April 
17  (67  days),  it  was  still  slightly  opalescent, 
but  the  sediment  had  practically  settled.  It  is 
silt  of  this  character  that  is  referred  to  by  Dc, 
Trask  and  Prof,  Blake  as  quoted  elsewhere. 
It  bears  the  general  name  **pipeclay"  among 
the  California  gold  miners. 

As  a  rule  in  these  deposits,  bowlders  dimin- 
ish in  size  and  gravel  becomes  smaller,  while 
the  proportion  of  sand  and  silt  increases  from 
the  bedrock  upward. 

The  following  measurements,  selected  from 
many,  show  the  thickness  of  gravels  at 
different  localities: 

Fe-t. 

Clinton  Mine,  Giizzly  Canyon 20 

Todd's  Valley    35 

Smith's  Point ....    50 

Vaughn's  Claim,  Wisconsin  Hili 55 

Gopher  Hill 24u 

Magai-a,  Slate  Creek 300 

(Of  which  ICO  is  gravel.) 

Indiana  Hill  400 

Cherokee  F  lat i30 

Gold  Run,  BKb  gravel IfO 

Overlaid  by  red  gravel 300—450 

Blue  Tent 650 

There  is  a  marked  difference  between  the 
matter  filling  a  hydraulic  channel  and  that  of  a 
drift  mine.  As  a  rule,  the  latter  is  almost 
wholly  quartz,  blue  in  the  channels  at  a  high 
altitude,  notably  near  Laporte,  and  white  low- 
er down  as  at  or  near  Dutch  Flat  in  Placer 
county;  while  bowlders  of  diorite,  granite  and 
other  rocks  are  not  uncommon  in  the  hydraulic 
mines. 

The  large  bowlders  are  rounded  and  smooth; 


coarse  gravel,  too,  is  rounded;  the  finer  gravels, 
ou  the  contrary,  are  all  angular.  The  condi- 
tion of  the  sands  and  silts  has  been  stated  else- 
where. The  pipeclay,  which  is  a  fine  glacial 
mud,  deposited  in  still  water,  ia  tough  and 
plastic  when  wet;  when  dry  it  takes  the  form 
of  lithomarge,  and  breaks  with  a  conchoidal 
fracture.  It  often  contains  leaves  unbroken 
and  as  perfect  in  form  as  when  they  fell  on  the 
placid  surface  of  a  lake. 

While  a  general  uniformity  in  these  deposits 
has  been  shown,  it  is  not  to  be  understood  that 
there  is  no  sand  or  fine  grits  near  the  bedrock, 
or  bowlders  far  above,  for  the  interstices  of  the 
bedrock  bowlders  are  so  filled,  and  large  bowl- 
ders sometimes  lie  many  feet  above.  An  ob- 
server who  stands  in  a  deep  out  made  by  hy- 
draulic mining  on  a  large  scale,  may  notice  on 
the  high  banks  so  formed,  indications  of  strat- 
ification, but  not  such  as  may  be  seen  else- 
where in  the  SSate,  indurated  to  sandstonee; 
be  may  see  that  this  stratification  is  irregular 
and  has  the  appearance  of  having  been  depos- 
ited by  installments,  in  lenticular  bodies  rather 
than  in  parallel  strata  as  might  be  expected. 
As  the  surface  is  reached,  the  stratification  be- 
comes more  regular.  There  is  no  disputing 
the  fact  that  a  long  period  of  quiet  mast  have 
followed  the  glacial  era  in  wnich  the  great 
bowlders  were  deposited  on  the  deeply  chan- 
neled bedrocks. 

Similar  conditions  existed  in  the  deeper  drift 
mines,  but  as  they  all  lie  under  lava  deposits, 
they  cannot  be  examined  except  by  bore- holes, 
and  in  the  few  vertioal  shafts  sunk  from  the 
surface.  The  faces  of  t'ne  banks  at  the  Polar 
Star  Hydraulic  mine  in  Placer  county,  as  ex- 
posed by  the  hydraulic  jets,  are  thus  irregular- 
ly stratified  from  bedrock  to  surface;  some  por- 
tions are  stained  by  oxide  of  iron;  but  the 
bowlders,  be  they  large  or  small,  are  all  white 
quartz.  At  Gold  Kan,  in  the  same  county, 
the  bowlders  are  diversified  in  character,  horn- 
blende, porphyry  and  diorite  being  mingled 
with  quartz. 

The  gravel  in  hydraulic  mines  is  always  loose 
and  easily  disintegrated,  otherwise  this  mode 
of  mining  would  be  impossible.  In  drift  mines, 
as  a  rule,  it  is  also  loose,  but  in  some  oases  the 
bowlders  are  cemented  and  thus  changed  to 
the  hardest  conglomerates,  whioh  must  be 
blasted  out  and  disintegrated  in  cement-mills, 
or  even  wholly  crushed  under  heavy  stamps, 
to  recover  the  gold  that  exists  under  the 
same  conditions  as  in  the  loose  gravels. 

It  is  in  accordance  with  my  theory  to  assume 
that  the  channel  filling  in  the  deep  placers  is 
wholly  local;  that  all  the  constituents  originally 
in  the  soft  bedrocks  were  set  free  during  the 
ioe  period  and  simply  sank  downward  as  the 
soft  bedrock  was  cut  away  by  the  ice  and 
glacial  rivers.  I  have  found  in  place  within  a 
radius  of  ten  miles  around  Gibsonville,  all  the 
constituents  of  the  channel  filling,  including 
the  blue  quartz  which  gives  character  and 
name  to  the  deposits.  The  similarity  between 
the  Ohio  bowlder  clays  admitted  to  be  glacial, 
as  shown  bslow,  is  too  striking  to  be  a  coin- 
cidence. 

The  following  is  a  tabulated  view  of  the 
principal  mineral  ooaiposlng  rocks,  and  their 
associates,  likely  to  be  fonnd  in  shallow  placer 
mines,  with  relative  hardness  and  specific 
gravity: 

Specific 
Name.  Hardness.    Gravity. 

Graphite 1.0  2.10 

Talc  3.0  2.t^0 

Gypsum  2.0  2.30 

Chlnrite 2.0  2.60 

Gold ; 2.5  19.2.T 

Serpentine 2.6  to  4.0  2.60 

Mica 2.5  S.i'O 

Calcite 3.0  2.70 

Lime-tone 3.0  2.70 

Birite  35  4.4S 

Dolomite 3.5  2.90 

Fluor  spar 4.0  3 .  10 

Platinum 4.5  17 .  75 

Pyroxene 5,5  3  20 

Magnetite 5.5  5,10 

Hornblende    fi.5  3.00 

Nephelite 5.5  2.50 

Scapolite 5  5  2.(50 

Menaccanite    5.5  4,60 

Leueite 6.0  2.50 

Hematite 6.0  4.50 

Cyauite 6  0  3.40 

FeHspar,  Orthiclase  6  5  2..'i0 

01i\ine a. 5  8.30 

Epidote    11. ji  3.00 

Staurolite    7.0  3..''0 

Tourmaline ".n  2.94 

Feldspar,  Albite  7.0  2.6v) 

l^uartz 7.0  2.00 

Zircon 7  5  4.75 

Diamond 10, 0  3.50 

The  clacial  till  in  Ohio  (Geological  Survey  of 
Obio,  Vol.  I)  much  resembles  that  of  Califor- 
nia. There  was  a  period  of  glaoiation  in  Clarke 
county,  an  intercalation  of  vegetable  growth, 
and  subsequent  deposit  of  clay  and  gravel,  and 
channels  were  eroded  resembling  ours.  **  The 
floor.of  the  county  is  covered  with  tough,  com- 
pact, blue  clay  filled  with  scratched  pebbles 
and  bowlders,  and  containing  tree  trunks  and 
vegetable  remains  20  to  30  feet  below  the  pres- 
ent surface."  There  is  also  a  heavy  accumula- 
tion of  oohrous  gravel. 

Prof.  Wright  has  figured  ("  Ice  Age  in  North 
America,"  page  114)  a  stratified  glacial  deposit 
on  Seven-mile  creek  near  Hamilton,  Ohio, 
which  much  resembles  a  hydraulic  mine  in 
California;  and  another  on  folio  284  so  striking- 
ly like  our  hydraulic  banks  that,  by  permis' 
sion,  I  have  introduced  it  here.  (Fig.  5.)  As 
it  ia  taken  by  the  photogravure  process,  it  is 
exact  to  nature,  and  not  as  an  artist  wonld 
sketch  it.  It  has  the  advantage,  too,  of  show- 
ing the  details  more  perfectly  when  somewhat 
magnified.  Another  on  folio  340  could  be 
duplicated  by  a  camera  in  any  of  the  hydraulic 
mines  of  this  State. 


A  view  of  a  similar  glacial  bank  as  exposed 
in  the  Blue  Tent  hydraulic  mine  in  Nevada 
county,  from  a  photograph  by  Watkins  of  San 
Francisco,  is  reproduced  for  comparison.  (Fig.' 
6.)  It  was  taken  from  a  greater  distance  than 
in  the  case  of  the  Ohio  photograph,  otherwise 
the  similarity  would  be  more  marked. 

At  Wahoo  near  Portwine,  Plumas  county, 
the  Laporte  channel,  the  channel  east  of  Can- 
yon creek,  and  the  Morristown  ohannel  run 
within  a  spaoe  of  IS  miles  and  are  nearly  par* 
allel;  they  are  oOO  feet  wide.  The  gravel  is 
from  50  to  300  feet  deep.  The  grade  is  from  60 
to  200  feet  to  the  mile.  The  ohannel  filling  ie 
composed  of  earthy  matter  from  the  finest  silt 
to  bowlders  having  an  estimated  weight  of  25 
tons,  some  of  them  so  large  that  it  is  cheaper  to 
drive  a  tannel  through  than  to  attempt  to  re- 
move them. 

Bowlder  clay  (the  pipeclay  of  the  California 
miner)  extends  over  the  low  grounds  of  North 
Germany,  Denmark,  Holland,  Scandinavia, 
Scotland,  and  a  part  of  England  and  Ireland. 

According  to  Geikie,  the  silty  suspended 
matter  in  the  waters  of  the  Rhine  in  July  and 
August  is  angular. 

At  the  Manzanita  mine,  near  Nevada  City, 
Nevada  county,  there  are  found  on  the  bed' 
rook  some  dark-colored  bowlders,  muoh  quartz 
sand,  and  some  magnetic  sand.  The  slickens 
from  this  mine  contains  mica  scales  resulting 
from  the  decomposition  of  the  granite  bed 
rock. 

Channel-Filling— Bowlders. 

There  are  two  ways  in  which  bowlders  may 
be  formed,  the  commencement  in  both  cases 
b^ing  the  same.  Fragments  are  sundered  from 
rock  masses  by  the  crushing  weight  of  saperin 
cumbent  earth  ;  by  the  action  of  frost,  by  local 
preaeure,  landslides,  earthquakes,  volcanic 
eruptions,  by  the  force  of  sea  waves,  by  under 
mining  cataracts,  by  lightning,  by  change  of 
temperature,  by  glaciers  or   still  other  causes. 

The  surface  of  a  glacier  is  generally  if  not 
invariably  covered  with  rock  fragments  torn 
from  the  earth  by  the  power  of  the  moving  ioe 
these  vary  greatly  in  dimensions,  ranging  from 
huge  masses  to  coarse  sand. 

These  rocks  frequently  slip  into  crevasses  and 
go  to  the  bottom  of  the  ioe  sheet;  pans  to  the 
edges,  forming  lateral  moraines,  or  move  with 
the  current  and  eventually  drop  on  the  terminal 
moraine.  All  the  moraines  of  the  Muir  Glacier. 
Alaska,  contain  many  large  blocks  of  stone,  one 
of  whioh  20  feet  Eqnare  and  about  the  same 
bight  was  seen  by  Prof.  Wright,  as  it  stood  on 
a  pedestal  of  ioe  three  or  four  feet  high. 

Those  rock  fragments  which  fall  into  the  crev' 
asses  are  rolled  into  bowlders  or  ground  to  sand 
When  two  glaciers  meet,  a  medial  moraine  is 
formed  by  the  blending  of  the  two  central  lat- 
erals; much  of  the  matter  in  this  case  goes  to 
the  bottom  and  is  crushed  on  the  bedrock  whioh 
is  itself  deeply  channeled  thereby. 

John  OoUett  (Indiana  Gaol.  Rep.  1S76,  Fol. 
364),  writing  of  Montgomery  county  and  the 
glacial  epoch  in  Indiana,  thus  accounts  for  the 
bowlders  in  the  drift:  "The  glacial  surface 
was  covered  with  angular  fragments  of  rooks 
from  overhanging  cliffs  at  the  north,  and  with 
eand  and  gravel.  Such  materials,  absorbing 
the  warmth  of  the  short  arctic  summer,  would 
gradually  sink  in  their  matrix,  or  falling  throngh 
the  numerous  crevasses  and  water-ways  would 
reach  the  bedrock,  over  which  the  glaoier  was 
advancing.  The  softer  material  would  be 
ground  in  this  giant  mill  to  powdered  clay  and 
sand,  while  the  more  obdurate  rocks  wonld  be 
rounded,  polished  and  striated  as  gravel  and 
bowlders  which  we  find  so  plentiful  in  this 
region." 

The  ground  material  under  the  glacier  is 
called  by  the  Swiss  geologists  "moraine  pro- 
funde "  or  *'  grundmorane;"  by  the  Eoglish 
"  bowlder  clay,"  "  till,"  or  *'  bottom  moraine." 

The  erosion  which  cuts  the  channel  is  caused 
by  the  grinding  of  the  rooks  which  fall  through 
the  crevasses.  These,  if  of  hard  material,  do 
much  work  when  held  in  the  frczan  grasp  of 
the  glacier,  while  soft  matter  soon  becomes 
mud  and  is  quickly  washed  away. 

The  sand  and  small  pebbles  so  formed  are  in- 
variably angular,  while  the  sands  of  rivers  and 
tbcee  on  the  seashore  are  rounded  and  smooth. 
The  most  indurated  bedrocks  are  ground  and 
polished  as  well  as  channeled.  The  elongated 
glacial  channels  frequently  cross,  the  new 
partly  obliterating  the  older  ones,  indicating 
the  shifting  of  the  ice  streams. 

Another  way  that  bowlders  are  formed  is  by 
weathering,  which  includes  accidental  contact 
with  other  bodies  by  which  fragments  are 
sometimes  broken  off  along  lines  of  least  re- 
sistance. 

If  a  cube  of  considerable  size  could  be 
formed  of  the  hardest  known  substauoe,  it 
would  only  be  a  question  of  time  and 
endurance  when  it  would  be  reduced  to  a 
spherical  form  in  compliance  with  the  laws 
which  govern  all  matter.  A  small  cube  of 
dense  and  resistant  matter  would  be  longer  in 
assuming  a  globular  shape,  but  would  with 
equal  certainty  arrive  at  that  condition. 

Voluminous  works  have  been  published  in 
ancient,  medieval  and  modern  times,  and 
elaborate  experiments  made  to  prove  that 
bowlders  were  wholly  the  work  of  rivers.  In 
1697,  Gogliemini  published  ^'Phvsico-Mathe- 
matieal  Treatise  on  the  Nature  of  Rivers,"  and 
Paul  Frisi  in  1762,  a  **  Treaties  on  Rivers  and 
Torrents."  Modern  works  of  the  same  char- 
acter are  elaborate  and  exhaustive.  Experi- 
ments have  been  made  ,at  different  times  and 
places  by  grinding  river  stones  of  all  colors  and 
textures  on  grindstones  and  shaking  them  to- 
gether in  boxes  to  determine  the  time  and  force 


required  to  reduce  them  to  their  present  con-' 
dition. 

Frisi  and  Gugliemini  have  recorded  various 
experiments  made  with  a  view  to  prove  or  dis- 
prove theories  prevalent  in  their  time,  as  to  the: 
cause  of  rounded  bowlders,  pebbles  and  sand 
found  in  rivers. 

Both  assumed  that  the  rivers  in  which  the- 
pebbles  were  found  had  imparted  to  them  their 
spherical  form,  and  found  by  experiment  that,, 
even  if  swept  down  the  whole  length  of  the 
stream,  they  could  not  possibly  have  become 
rounded  to  the  extent  shown  in  those  fonnd 
high  np  in  the  rivers.  Failing  to  account  by 
experiment  for  the  gravel  and  for  the  sands  of 
the  vast  deserts  of  Tartary,  Frisi  came  to  the. 
conolusion  that  they  were  created  as  suoh^ 
which  he  expressed  in  the  following  words: 

"  As  for  myself,  I  am  of  the  opinion  that  the 
rounded  stones,  gravel  and  sands  are  substances 
originally  prepared  by  Nature  and  spread  all 
over  the  globe;  that  stones  rolling  on  the  bed 
of  a  river  may  there  receive  a  greater  degree  of 
polish,  and  sands  may  possibly  become  smaller,, 
but  that  stones  and  gravels  rubbing  against 
each  other,  however  great  may  be  the  foroe^ 
can  never  be  converted  into  sand." 

A  river  cannot  make  a  bowlder,  which  can 
only  move  down  the  stream  once,  and  in  that 
part  only  that  flows  in  the  mountains  and  hiUe; 
although  it  may  polish  and  somewhat  reduce 
the  size  of  those  already  formed.  The  Missis- 
sippi river  in  flowing  4200  miles  conveys  only 
floe  silt;  there  are  no  bowlders  or  even  pebbles 
in  its  delta. 

Biiubree,  one  of  the  most  indefatigable  of 
modern  investigators,  put  three  kilograms  of 
rock  fragments  into  an  iron  cylinder  with  five 
liters  of  distilled  water.  After  revolving  192 
hours,  a  movement  equal  to  287  miles,  he  found 
2.72  kilos  of  mud,  while  the  water  filtered  off 
contained  12  6  grams  of  potash. 

Fragments  of  quartz  in  a  oylinder  revolving 
with  a  velocity  of' one  meter  per  second,  were 
rounded  after  a  journey  of  25  kilometers,  and 
could  not  be  distinguished  from  pebbles  fonnd 
in  a  river-bed. 

These  results  may  account  for  the  condition 
of  sands  and  silts  in  rivers,and  the  soluble  salts 
in  their  waters,  but  not  for  the  gigantic 
bowlders  and  the  position  of  the  channel  filling 
and  the  auriferous  gravels  in  the  California 
drift  mines.  The  following  quotations  from 
one  of  my  State  reports  record  conclusions  I 
have  drawn  from  actual  observation.  I  have 
since  observed  and  collected  numerous  samples 
of  this  bowlder  weathering. 

"Broken  masses  of  granite,  which  consist 
largely  of  quartz,  naturally  weather  into 
spherical  bodies  and  the  forces  of  gravitation 
tend  to  produce  globular  forms.  I  have  noticed, 
in  several  localities  in  California,  large  bowl- 
ders of  granite  in  place  which  were  rounded  by 
the  slow  scaling  of  the  surface  caused  by  frost 
and  rain,  and  have  observed  concavo-convex 
and  large  sized  slabs  still  adhering  loosely  to 
the  mass.  When  detached,  a  convex  surface 
was  left  on  the  remaining  part.  All  mineralo- 
gists know  the  property  of  quartz  minerals  to 
break  with  a  conchoidal  fracture.  On  the 
other  hand,  rocks  which  break  Into  angular 
fragments  are  generally  soft,  and  easily  worn 
down  by  attrition  with  each  other.  On  the 
eastern  slope  of  the  Sierra  Nevada  mountains, 
where  there  are  no  great  rivers  or  torrents,  a 
talus  of  vast  extent  may  be  seen  lying  against 
the  foot  of  the  mountain,  composed  wholly  of 
angular  fragments  of  metamorphic  rooks. 
These  deposits  extend  for  hundreds  of  miles. 
Still  in  the  beds  of  small  mountain  streams  in 
the  near  vicinity,  the  ubiquitous  bowlder  may 
be  found.  In  truth,  we  must  search  beyond 
the  present  period  of  natural  hydraulic  forces 
for  the  solution  of  this  enigma;  but  it  may  be 
assumed  that  bowlders  have  been  ground  under 
glaciers,  and  subjected  again  and  again  to  the 
action  of  torrents  and  streams  during  countless 
ages.  The  zircon  sands  described  may  be  re- 
garded as  a  strong  argument  in  favor  of  this 
conclusion.  They  were  formed  originally  in 
the  crystalline  rooks,  having  been  set  free  by 
disintegration.  The  same  may  be  said  of  the 
magnetic  sands  seen  in  place  in  microscopic 
sections  of  crystalline  rocks.  The  zircons  have 
been  subjected  to  the  attrition  whioh  has 
rounded  the  bowlders  and  pebbles,  and  ground 
the  granites  to  sand,  but,  being  harder  than 
their  associates,  have  resisted  the  forces,  and 
retain  their  sharp  angles  of  crystallization  most 
perfectly.  Their  great  specific  gravity  has 
caused  them  to  become  concentrated." 

"  On  the  route  from  Orcville  to  Magalia  in 
Butte  county,  the  road  lies  generally  in  valleys 
which  have  been  cut  through  the  formation 
known  in  California  as  '  table  mountains'  which 
are  invariably  capped  by  lava." 

"In  crossing  these  valleys  it  may  be  noticed 
that  the  plains  are  covered  with  small  bowlders, 
varying  from  small  pebbles  to  masses  of  con- 
siderable size;  these  have,  without  doubt,  fallen 
from  higher  elevations,  and  caimot  have  moved 
more  than  a  few  miles  at  most,  for  they  are  all 
of  the  basalt  of  the  table  mountain,  which,  geo- 
logically speaking,  is  very  young  as  compared 
with  the  formation  underlying  it,  A  close  study 
of  these  bowlders  will  develop  some  striking 
features,  bearing  directly  on  the  formation  of 
the  grav«l  deposits  of  California,  which  came 
to  me  like  a  revelation,  and  whioh  cannot  fail 
to  interest  any  observer.  All  the  fragments,  be 
they  large  or  small,  have  taken,  to  a  greater  or 
less  extent,  a  rounded  form,  not  by  attrition 
but  by  natural  weathering;  not  only  are  the 
angles  all  removed  or  rounded,  bnt  the  frag- 
ments falliog  from  them  in  many  instances 
(Continued  on  page  S71  ) 


April  19,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


265 


How  to  Tell  the  Age  of  Trees. 

The  practical  hortiouUaritt  bu  many  meth- 
ods of  gettiDK  *t  the  «ge  of  a  tree  withcut 
coaotioK  the  riogo,  jait  aaa  mathctnfttloiaD  oaa 
tell  its  hight  without  aaoeDdinf^  to  the  top  with 
ft  foot'fale;  and  some  of  these  mathode  I  adopt* 
ed  wheo  io  Ctlifomia,  to  teat  the  assumed  age 
of  the  big  trees  by  their  rtogs,  and  iu  every 
oas«  the  ecormous  age  wm  ooD6rmed. 

One  of  these  methods  was  to  take  a  blaze 
mark,  the  age  of  whiob  was  koown,  aod  oooot 
the  number  of  riuga  that  had  been  made  od  the 
outer  edge  aioce  the  mark  was  out.  I  found 
these  averaged  about  Ki  to  the  iuuh.  Counting 
thoie  la  the  center  of  a  cut  across  stump, 
whioh  must  have  been  Its  early  growth,  I  found 
them  wider.  The  two  togbtbur,  and  then 
averaged,  would  give  a  fair  ratio  of  age  per 
looh.  If  it  tcok  24  of  these  to  make  an  inch, 
which  the  out  on  the  outside  proved  it  did,  a 
tree  'JO  feet  in  diameter  would  be  1G80  years 
old.  We  get  at  this  much  easier  than  by  puz- 
zling over  obsonre  annual  rings  for  half  a  day 
or  more. 

Another  way  to  prove  age  is  by  noting  the 
namber  of  main  side  branohes  growing  from 
the  trunk  in  many  coniferous  trees,  of  which  the 
White  Pine  and  Norway  Spruce  are  familiar 
examples.  Looking  at  fine  specimens  of  these 
trees,  the  branches  qeem  stratified.  This  oomes 
from  the  formation  of  the  terminal  buds  at  the 
apex  of  the  growth  of  the  leader.  There  is  one 
vary  strong  bad  for  the  point,  and  three,  four 
or  five  strong  ones  beside  it.  All  below  are 
very  weak  buds.  It  is  these  strong  buds  that 
make  the  very  strong  horizontal  shoots  that 
afterward  give  the  atra'-ified  appearance  to  the 
whole  tree.  These  in  the  White  Pme  of  ordi- 
nary growth  are  about  a  foot  or  1 5  inches  apart, 
and  even  though  the  lower  lateral  branches  die, 
they  leave  the  "knots"  by  which  their  former 
existence  can  readily  be  seen,  I  saw  Sugar 
Pines  cut  in  Oalifornia  where  a  hundred  or 
more  of  these  branches  or  their  knots  would  be 
readily  traced,  and  the  age  fixed,  and  the  riogs 
of  wood  would  exactly  correspond. 

But  there  Is  a  method  I  have  used  that  I 
have  never  seen  referred  to  in  print,  and  a 
method  that  has  served  me  many  a  good  turn 
when  desiring  to  know  the  exact  age  of  some 
fine  specimen  on  the  lawn  of  some  place,  when 
even  the  owner  would  declare  he  had  forgotten 
when  the  tree  was  planted.  It  may  be  an  ever- 
green with  the  branches  growing  close  to  the 
ground.  The  same  principle  I  have  referred 
to,  of  a  strong  branch  pushing  just  below  the 
terminal  bud,  and  making  a  strong  branch  the 
next  year,  applies  also  to  the  lateral  branches — 
indeed  even  more  so,  as  very  often  the  Btrong 
buds  are  the  only  ones  that  make  a  lateral  dur- 
ing one  reason's  growth.  By  coaotiug  the  sec- 
tions backward,  I  found  the  tree  25  years  old, 
which  I  happened  to  know  was  its  exact  age. 
The  hight  also  is  25  feet,  as  I  know  by  my 
shadow.  I  select  a  time  when  my  shadow  is 
exactly  my  bight,  and  the  tree's  shadow  will, 
of  course,  be  the  tree's  exact  hight  also, 

Ddc'daous  trees,  equally  with  evergreens, 
have  the  strongeet  bude  juat  beneath  the  apex 
of  the  annual  growth,  making  stronger  branch- 
lets  next  year,  by  which  the  annaal  series  may 
be  determioed;  but  as  these  leave  no  scars 
when  they  die  away,  it  requires  a  practiced 
eye  to  determine  where  branchlets  have  been. 
But  if  a  horizontal  branch  be  in  vigoroas 
growth,  the  length  of  the  last  annual  growth 
may  be  compared  with  the  whole  growth 
by  a  mean  figure  obtained  between  what 
we  ascertain  to  be  a  good  growth 
in  youth  and  the  yonng  growth  be- 
fore us.  This,  of  course,  ia  not  an  exact  re- 
sult, bat  one  will  be  surprised  to  find,  by  the 
annual  rings,  how  near  it  approximates. 

Again,  the  age  of  many  trees  may  be  approxi- 
mated by  the  rough  bark.  Old  botanical  text- 
books taught  that  the  rifts  in  trees  were  me- 
ohanioal.  The  bark  split  because  the  trees 
were  pushing  out.  I  believe  it  was  left  to 
me  originally  to  show  that  this  is  an  error. 
Every  tree  has  its  own  distinct  method  of  dis- 
rupting its  bark,  which  could  not  be  the  case 
if  the  splitting  were  merely  mechanical.  The 
trnth  is  the  splitting  of  bark  arises  from  the 
growth  of  oork  cells,  and  in  each  species  these 
cells  have  a  separate  specific  development,  and 
usually  at  a  specific  age.  In  the  sweet  chest- 
nut  the  bark  commences  to  rfft  when  25  years 
of  age,  so  that  all  above  the  junction  of  smooth 
and  rough  bark  will  be  25  years.  I  believe  the 
ohestnat  retains  Us  emioth  bark  longer  than 
any  of  those  whioh  eventually  become  rough. 
Some  trees,  like  tbe  beech,  never  get  rough, 
beoaase  the  development  of  the  cork  cells  be- 
gins and  ends  in  a  single  year,  and  the  bark 
exfoliates  in  the  form  of  a  thin  film.  These 
kinds  always  have  thin  bark. 

In  these  aod  other  ways  the  practical  man 
confirms  the  concentric  ring  theory,  and  is  able 
to  assert,  with  considerable  aesarance,  that  the 
annnal  rings  do  mark  the  age  of  tbe  tree. 

I  have  found,  when  beaten  out  by  these  posi- 
tive facts,  that  those  who  dispute  them  gener- 
ally fly  to  other  climes.  They  do  not,  they 
say,  behave  so  in  eqaatorial  regions.  They 
may  or  may  not.  I  find  people  know  so  little 
of  what  happens  In  unfamiliar  oountries,  that 
their  failare  to  know  about  what  is  actually 
before  them  makes  the  assertion  not  worth  an 
argument. —  Tkomax  Meekan,  Germantown  Nur- 
ieriee,  Pa.,  in  Country  Gentleman, 


Hugh  J.  Park,  formerly  a  well-known  min- 
ing engineer  and  at  one  time  a  very  wealthy 
man  In  San   E'rancisoo,  died  at   Pomona  last 


The  Late  Dr.  Parry. 

[Written  for  th«  Puf -a  by  Prok.  J.  G.  Lkmmos.] 
L>r.  C.  C.  Parry  was  most  intimately  con* 
nected  with  the  flora  and  the  botanists  of  Cali- 
fornia. Since  his  early  explorations  on  the 
ooaat  near  San  Diego,  in  IS49,  tbe  Dr.  has  made 
several  brinf  visits  to  different  regions  of  tbe 
western  slope  intent  upou  tome  special  discov- 
ery or  study.  During  one  visit  it  was  the 
curious  little  eand  plants,  the  Chorzanthe,  that 
caught  his  keen  eye  aod  secured  his  careful 
discrimination.  Another  visit  was  devoted  to 
the  Alderc;  another  to  the  Cadi,  etc. 

In  IS82  Dr.  Parry  traveled  well  over  the 
Pacific  Slope,  studying  the  interesting  family  of 
ArctoilaphyfoB  or  '*  Maozanits,"  publishing  the 
foUowiog  year,  in  the  Proceedings  of  the  Diven- 
port  Aoadtmy  of  Sciences,  a  monograph  which 
cleared  away  much  of  the  misconception  and 
ambiguity  that  has  all  along  encumbered  oar 
botanical  literature,  by  ahowiDg  that  there 
were  sevtral  distinct  forms  mingled  in  previous 
descriptions. 

A  second  monograph,  read  before  the  Cali- 
fornia Academy  of  Soiences  June  20,  1SS7,  still 


I  as  tbe  winter  of  1575-0.  when  I  joined  him  at 
j  Grafton  for  the  explor»tion  of  Sin  Bdruardino 
valley  and  vicinity.  From  that  date  a  warm 
mutual  attachment  has  ever  existed,  and  it 
happens  that  his  last  days  in  Cilifornia  were 
spent  in  the  qu  etude  of  the  L^mmon  B'lr- 
barium,  where,  overlooking  the  roofs  of  Oak- 
\  laud  and  amid  study  and  social  converse,  the 
bonds  of  friendship  were  more  strongly  welded, 
if  that  were  possible,  and  the  intimate  oom- 
panlonship  of  long  years  culminating  in  these 
brief  weeks,  confirmed  our  judgment  of  the 
social,  genial  character  and  noble  qualities  of 
this  busiest  as  well  as  most  modest  of  men. 

The  botanists  of  California  and  of  the  whole 
Pacific  Slope  learn  with  profound  sorrow  that 
our  tireless  fellow-worker  has  ceased  laboring 
with  us  and  taken  his  first  rest;  and  we  turn 
in  deep  and  tender  sympathy  to  tbe  loved  oom- 
panion  who  hai  walked  proudly  by  his  side 
those  many  years  In  full  accord  with  his  life- 
chosen  work,  now  left  to  tread  the  rest  of  her 
journey  oompanionlesp,  and  we  would  bear  to 
tier  anfiually,  as  we  study  them,  the  sweet 
fragrance  and  tender  bloom  of  the  almost  num- 
berless  flowers  that  have  received  their  baptis- 
mal names  from  the  lips  of  "Good  Dr.  Parry," 

To  Prof.  Lemmon's  appreciative  tribute  to 
the  memory  of   bis  friend   and    botanical   corn- 


farther  eluoidated   the   eubj^ot,   and   the   two    panion,  we  need  bnt  add  a  few  leading  facts  in 


'-h 

X-'. 


kiS^^ii^i^^_ 


THE    LATE    DR.    C.    C.    PARRY. 


papers  cited  complete  our  knowledge  of  the 
California  maozanitas.  Dr.  P^rry  having  de- 
tected and  described  therein  six  new  species, 
besides  determining  the  proper  limits  of  the 
other  nice. 

Later,  in  1887  and  1888,  Dr.  Parry  performed 
like  excellent  services  in  the  examination  of 
our  Ceanothus  family,  many  species  of  which 
form  our  coast  chaparral,  while  others  oonsti- 
tute  tbe  valuable  forage  plants  called  '*  tea- 
bushes  "  or  **  deer  brash,"  on  the  interior 
mountainous  regioes.  In  two  able  monographs 
published  February  and  August  of  1SS9,  be  has 
cleared  up  the  mass  of  coufueion  in  this  genus 
while  detecting  a  half-dozen  new  species  and 
defining  tbe  26  remaining  ones. 

Dr.  Parry  has  contributed  several  valuable 
articles  to  the  press  of  this  coaet,  chief  of  which 
was  a  series  of  (ketches  of  early  explorers,  be- 
ginning with  D^vid  Djoglas.  It  is  greatly  to 
be  regretted  that  he  was  not  spared  to  continue 
those  articles,  as  he  contemplated,  by  giving 
bis  personal  recollections  of  tbe  pioneer  botan- 
ists— Torrey,  Thurber,  Nuttall,  Hartweg,  Bige- 
low,  Sohott',  Wright,  SLlllman.Lobbandothers. 

Not  leas  successful  was  good  Dr.  Parry  in 
making  friendships  among  leople  of  all  classes, 
wherever  he  journeyed.  Genial,  y?itty,  cheer- 
ful, apt  at  repartee  and  badinage,  as  he  was 
generous  and  noble-minded  in  all  discussions, 
he  was  alwayn  welcomed  to  every  fireside  on 
bis  busy  rounds  of  dipcovery. 

It  was  the  good  fortane  of  the  writer  to 
meet  Dr.  Parry  and  his  esteemed  wife  as   early 


the  life  of  the  esteemed  scientist.  Dr.  Charles 
C.  P>irry  was  born  in  Admington,  Eogiand, 
Aug,  28,  1823,  and  came  to  this  country  with 
his  parents  In  1S32,  settling  in  New  York 
State.  He  graduated  with  full  honors  from 
Union  College  and  afterward  studied  medicine, 
was  admitted  to  practice,  but  chose  rather  tbe 
pursuit  of  the  sciences,  especially  that  of  bot- 
any. In  1846  the  family  mcved  to  Iowa,  and 
Dr.  Parry  praoticed  medicine  a  few  months, 
but  the  following  year  began  his  work  as  a 
botanical  explorer  in  tbe  new  regions  of  the 
great  West.  This  work  was  continued  year 
after  year,  muoh  of  the  time  being  devoted  to 
rflfiQial  botanical  work  in  connection  with  the 
Government  surveys,  aod  his  territory  being 
the  Eocky-monntain  region.  This  work  was 
pursued  up  to  the  commencement  of  his  work 
on  this  coast,  as  mentioned  by  Prof.  Lemmon, 
Dr.  Parry  left  a  comfortable  property  in  Iowa, 
thus  providing  for  bis  faithful  wife  who  sur- 
vives him.  Dc,  Parry's  portrait,  whioh  ap- 
pears upon  this  page,  is  a  photoplate  from  a 
photograph  kindly  furnished  by  Prof.  Lemmon, 

The  Blind  Seldom  Smoke. — A  peculiarity 
about  the  blind  is  that  there  ia  seldom  one  of 
them  who  smokes.  Soldiers  and  sailors  aocus- 
tomed  to  smoking,  and  who  have  lost  their 
sight  in  action,  continue  to  smoke  for  a  short 
while,  but  soon  give  up  the  habit.  They  say 
that  it  gives  them  no  pleasure  when  they  can- 
not see  the  smoke,  and  some  have  said  that 
they  cannot  taste  the  smoke  nnleas  they  see  it. 


The  ComiDg  Census-Taking. 

InteresilDK  InformatlOD  about  Methods. 

The  interesting  anoouaoement  is  made  at  the 
Census  Bjreao  that  the  work  of  prepariog  for 
the  coming  enumeration  of  the  population  next 
June  is  practically  over,  so  far  as  the  central 
management  In  Washington  is  concerned.  The 
Superintendent  of  the  Cansus,  Robert  P.  Por- 
ter, his,  in  fact,  got  the  machinery  of  the 
Bureau  in  such  good  runniug  order  already 
that  he  has  been  able  to  take  advantage  of  the 
present  period  of  rontine  inactivity  to  go  on  a 
ten-days'  vacation — getting  a  breathing  spell 
now  that  he  would  probably  have  been  obliged 
to  forego  during  the  busy  period  of  tabulation 
and  computation  which  will  follow  the  actual 
gathering  of  tbe  statistics. 

The  manner  of  getting  at  the  number  of  in- 
habitants in  each  State  or  Territory  is  simple 
and  effective.  The  supervisor's  district  is  the 
unit  of  tbe  system.  The  supervisor  appoints 
the  enumerators,  among  whom  the  work  in  the 
district  is  to  be  subdivided,  and  is  responsible 
for  their  zeal  and  accuraoy.  By  a  prevision  of 
the  law  no  enumerator  is  to  be  required  to  look 
after  a  subdivision  of  more  than  4000  people, 
and  be  is  also  expected  to  be  a  resident  of  the 
subdivision  and  personally  familiar  with  a 
ereat  number  of  tbe  families  which  he  is  to  visit. 
The  average  size  of  a  supervisor's  district  may 
be  guessed  from  the  fact  that  New  York  and 
Pennsylvania  have  each  11;  Ohio  and, Illinois, 
81;  New  Jersey  and  Conneoticut,  2.  Many  in- 
I  qualities  occur,  however,  in  the  division,  ac- 
cording to  population,  New  York  City,  Kings, 
Qaeens,  Richmond  and  Saffolk  counties  making 
up  together  only  two  of  all  the  11  in  New  York 
S  ate.  Massachusetts,  similarly,  forms  but  a 
single  district,  while  Maryland  has  three  dis- 
tricts. 

The  enumerator  is  to  start  oat  on  hie  inquiry 
on  June  2i.  If  he  is  to  work  in  a  city  of  more 
than  10  000  inhabitants,  he  must  ficish  his  can- 
vass in  two  weekp.  If  he  has  a  country  subdi- 
vision, he  will  not  be  called  upon  for  a  return 
until  the  end  of  the  month.  The  list  of  ques- 
tions drawn  op  for  him  is  given  below.  With 
this  he  must  go  to  each  family,  and,  if  possible, 
get  answers  from  each  member  of  it  to  all  the 
questions  which  fit  tbe  case. 

1.  Give  Christian  name  in  full,  and  initial  of 
middle  name,  surname. 

2.  Whether  a  soldier,  sai'or  or  marine  during 
the  Civil  War  (United  States  or  Conttderate)  or 
widow  of  such  person. 

3.  R'-lationship  to  head  of  family, 

4.  Whether  white  or  black,  mulatto,  quadroon, 
octoroon,  Chinese,  Japanese,  or  Indian. 

5.  Sex. 

6.  Age  at  nearest  birthday.  If  under  one  year, 
give  age  in  months. 

7.  Whether  single,  married,  widowed  or  di- 
vorced. 

8.  Whether  married  during  the  census  year 
(June  I.  1889,  to  May  31,  1890). 

9.  Mother  of  how  many  children,  and  number 
of  these  children  living. 

ID.     Place  of  birth, 

11.  Place  of  birih  of  father. 

12.  Place  of  birth  of  mother. 

13.  Number  of  years  in  the  United  States. 

14.  Whether  naturalized. 

15.  Whether  naturalization  papers  have  been 
taken  out. 

16.  Profession,  trade  or  occupation. 

17.  Months  unemployed  during  the  census  year 
(June  I,  1889,  to  May  31.  1890). 

18.  Attendance  at  school  (in  months)  duiing  the 
census  year  (June  i,  1889,  to  May  31,  1890). 

19.  Able  to  read. 

20.  Able  to  write. 

21.  Able  to  speak  English.  If  not,  the  Ian* 
guage  or  dialect  spoken. 

22.  Whether  sufFering  from  acute  or  chronic 
disease,  with  name  of  disease  and  length  of  time 
afflicted. 

23.  Whether  defective  in  mind,  sight,  hearing 
or  speech,  or  whether  crippled,  maimed  or  deformed, 
with  name  of  defect. 

24.  Whether  a  prisoner,  convict,  homeless  child, 
or  pauper. 

25  and  26,  Is  the  home  you  live  in  hired,  or  is  it 
owned  by  the  head  or  by  a  member  of  the  family? 

27.  If  owned  by  head  or  member  of  family,  is 
the  home  free  from  mortgage  incumbrance? 

28.  If  the  bead  of  the  family  is  a  farmer,  is  the 
farm  which  he  cultivates  hired,  or  is  it  owned  by 
him  or  by  a  member  of  his  family? 

29.  If  owned  by  head  or  member  of  family,  is 
the  farm  free  from  mortgage  incumbrance? 

30.  If  the  home  or  farm  is  owned  by  head  or 
member  of  family,  and  mortgaged,  give  the  post- 
ofiice  address  of  owner. 

Many  of  the  questions,  It  will  be  seen,  are 
not  intended  to  be  put  to  all  the  members  of 
the  family  visited.  From  their  general  scope 
they  are  likely  to  furnish  the  Bureau  with  all 
the  information  that  is  needed  in  the  treatment 
of  population  and  social  statistics. 


An  Eiffel  Tower  of  Ice.— The  Eiffel  ice 
tower  completed  at  St.  Petersburg  is  over  150 
feet  high,  and  is  composed  of  10,000  blocks  of 
ice.  The  first  platform  is  oooupied  by  a  splen- 
did restaurant,  and  the  whole  structure  is  radi- 
ant at  night  with  thousands  of  electric  lights, 
forming  a  dazzling  spectacle. 


DuRiNO  the  month  of  March  there  were 
worked  12,330  tons  of  Con.  Cal.  and  Virginia 
ore.  The  average  yield  in  bullion  per  ton  was 
S19  96,  of  whioh  $10,74  was  gold  and  $9  22  sil- 
ver.  T?he  average  assay  of  the  battery  samples 
was  $24  47  per  ton. 


In  STAVE-DaESSiNft  twelve  co-laborers  with 
a  machine  can  dress  12,000  ataves  in  the  same 
time  that  twelve  workers  by  hand  could  dress 
2500. 


266 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press.^ 


[Afbil  19,  1890 


II]lNIJ\lG   SUMMAF^Y, 

The  following  Ib  mostly  coudeneed  from  journals  publiBted 
in  the  Interior,  in  proximity  to  the  minee  mentioned. 

CALIFORNIA. 

Alameda. 

CuROyiE.— l^iver more  Herald,  April  ii:  N.  R. 
Knight  is  in  town  this  week,  and  is  paying  daily 
visits  to  the  chrome  mines.  He  predicts  consider- 
able activity  in  our  mines  this  season,  as  there  is  a 
good  demand  for  chrome.  Mr.  Knight  and  asso- 
ciates are  fitting  up  an  old  smeltif  g-works  building 
near  Melrose  with  appliances  for  crushing  chrome, 
it  being  more  acceptable  in  the  Eastern  market  in 
that  shape. 

AmBdor. 

Mihu— Ledger,  April  12:  The  mill  at  the  Ama- 
dor gold  mine  is  about  completed.  The  hitch  in  re- 
gard to  the  right  of  way  for  the  car  track  has  not 
been  finally  settled,  although  the  terms  of  settlement 
have  been  agreed  upon.  At  the  Hardenburg,  taking 
out  the  water  from  the  shaft  is  progressing  rapidly. 
For  several  days  it  was  noticed  that  while  they  were 
taking  out  large  quantities  of  water  the  water  level 
in  the  mine  remained  stationary.  An  examination 
disclosed  the  fact  that  the  water,  as  fast  as  taken 
out,  drained  back  into  the  shaft  by  another  opening; 
as  soon  as  that  was  fixed  the  water  was  lowered  fast. 
A  ledge  said  to  be  ten  feet  wide  has  been  struck  in 
the  Gardner  claim  near  Irisbtown.  The  ore  carries 
large  quantities  of  sulphurets,  and  shows  some  tree 
gold.  Samples  of  rock  may  be  seen  at  Newman's 
store.  Petrie  and  Tripp  are  running  a  tunnel  at  the 
Culver  mine,  near  Big  Bar  bridge.  This  claim  was 
recently  purchased  by  Mr.  Petrie  from  E.  A.  Culver. 
Calaveras. 

West  Point.— Cor.  Calaveras  Ckro/dcle,  April 
12:  The  mining  interest  is  looming  up,  and,  from 
the  present  outlook,  it  bids  fair  to  make  this  section 
of  Calaveras  lively  this  summer.  The  Lone  Star  is 
showing  an  immense  body  of  very  rich  ore.  The 
Blazing  Star  hoisting  works  are  nearing  comple- 
tion, and  work  will  be  resumed  in  the  mine  at  an 
early  day.  Work  is  also  being  vigorously  pushed 
ahead  on  the  Scorpion  works  and  its  whistle,  too, 
will  soon  be  calling  the  miner  to  his  daily  toil. 
El  Dorado. 

Active.— Georgetown  Gazetfe,  April  iz:  The 
general  activity  prevailing  everywhere  over  the  Di- 
vide, below  the  snow  line,  shows  that  we  have  en- 
tered upon  the  most  prosperous  season  that  has 
been  experienced  for  many  years.  Industry  is 
booming  all  along  the  lode  from  Kelsey  up  through 
Garden  Valley  into  Georgetown  and  into  Volcano- 
ville  mining  district.  Slate  mountain  and  Bear 
Creek  are  chock  full  of  stir  in  quartz  and  placer 
mining,  while  the  Greenwood  seam  belt  is  alive 
with  energy.  The  Georgia  slide  seam  mines  were 
never  more  active,  and  numerous  surface  diggings 
are  being  worked  from  Georgetown  to  the  snow 
line.  The  Onion  Valley  placers  will  be  worked  as 
soon  as  the  snow  permits.  Other  interests  are  also 
taking  on  new  life. 

Mariposa. 

Bear  Valley  Mwhe-s.—Ncws,  April  12:  Reports 
from  Pine  Tree  and  Josephine  mines  at  Bear  Val- 
ley represent  the  development  of  a  large  body  of 
low-grade  ore  as  one  of  the  results  of  the  pros- 
pecting which  has  been  going  on  for  the  last  two 
years  in  that  locality.  Mr.  Stanley,  the  raining 
expert,  is  making  a  very  thorough  practical  investi- 
gation of  the  mines  upon  the  grant,  and  will  be 
able  to  make  an  elaborate  and  intelligent  report. 
There  is  a  strong  probability  that  something  more 
than  prospecting  will  be  done  during  the  coming 
season.  This  property  is  in  the  heart  of  the  rain- 
ing district.  The  mother  lode  runs  through  it, 
and  outside  of  that  there  is  a  network  of  smaller 
gold-bearing  veins.  Practically,  the  raining  hereto- 
fore done  has  been  prospecting,  or,  as  the  old  Com- 
stock  miners  would  say,  "among  the  grass  roots." 
This  will  aoply  to  mines  at  Princeton  and  Mariposa 
^as  well  as  Bear  Valley. 

Pocket.— Several  very  pretty  specimens  of  rich 
quartz  have  been  brought  in  from  Sebastopol  dur- 
ing the  past  week.  They  were  from  the  old  Hart 
mine,  which  some  years  ago  yielded  excellent  re- 
turns. The  ore  is  in  bunches,  or  in  other  words, 
it  is  a  pocket  mine. 

Nevada. 

'  Mining  Briefs.— T/rf/V/^j,  April  12:  A  small 
vein  of  high-grade  ore  has  been  cut  in  the  bottom  of 
the  shaft  at  the  North  Banner.  The  ledge  gives 
every  indication  of  widening  and  permanency. 
Early  next  week  the  Omaha  Co.  will  commence 
hoisting  out  of  the  Lone  Jack  shaft,  using  water  for 
power.  Waste  rock  exclusively  is  to  be  hoisted 
through  this  shaft,  the  quartz  to  be  sent  up  through 
the  Omaha  shaft.  Forty-five  miners'  inches  of  water 
are  running  out  of  the  Peabody  drain  tunnel.  In 
view  of  this  fact,  the  pump  was  not  started  this  week 
as  contemplated.  Next  week  will  see  the  pump  in 
operation,  however,  and  in  a  few  days  thereafter  the 
water  will  again  be  pumped  out,  for  the  third  or 
fourth  time  this  winter.  However,  there  will  be  no 
more  delays  from  this  source,  and  sinking  will  be 
pushed  with  all  expedition.  Nobody  would  be  sur- 
prised to  hear  of  a  bonanza  being  uncovered  in  the 
Peabody. 

Drift  Gravel. —^cri7^£^,  April  12:  Capitalists 
are  negotiating  for  a  gravel  claim  on  the  Washing, 
ton  ridge  which  has  been  developed  enough  to  just 
prove  that  a  channel  has  been  struck,  and  the  gravel 
prospects  well  enough  to  show  that  it  would  pay  if 
properly  worked.  That  ridge  has  gravel  a  good 
portion  of  the  distailce  between  here  and  Phelps' 
Hill.  There  is  ground  yet  unclaimed  which  offers  a 
good  field  for  prospective  work.  It  is  within  the 
range  of  possibilities  that  much  of  it  will  be  located 
and  worked  this  season,  If  the  San  Jose  turns  out 
as  well  as  it  promised  last  fall,  gravel  property  up 
that  way  will  soon  command  a  good  price. 

YosEMiTE. — Telegraph,  April  12:  The  owners  of 
the  Yosemite  gravel  mine  feel  very  much  encouraged 
now  at  the  prospects.  The  drift  is  In  about  700  feet, 
and  a  few  days  ago  an  upraise  of  about  30  feet  was 
made  and  pipeclay  was  struck  which  pitched  down- 
ward. The  lower  drift  will  now  be  run  and  it  is  ex- 
pected that  a  short  distance  will  develop  a  rich  grav- 
el lead.  The  Yosemite  is  located  at  Selby  Flat,  a 
short  distance  above  Nevada  City,  and  in  a  region 
abounding  with  gold.  In  the  early  days  an  im- 
mense amount  of  wealth  was  taken  from  the  surface 
ground  on  Selby  Flat,  and  there  is  plenty  left,     John 


M,  Thomas  of  the  Citizens'  Bank  in  Grass  Valley, 
and  W.  D.  Harris  are  the  principal  owners  of  the 
mine. 

The  Gold  Hill.— Grass  Valley  Tidings,  April 
11;  The  Messrs.  Hopkins,  George  Mainhart  and 
Surveyor  Uren  went  out  to  the  Gold  Hill  mine 
this  alternoon  and  took  notes  and  measurements  to 
promote  the  preliminary  work  for  reopening  the 
mine.  A  steara  plant  is  to  be  put  on,  active  opera- 
tions to  commence  in  a  month  or  less,  Later  on 
water-power  will  no  doubt  be  introduced,  and  the 
steam  plant  retained  only  for  use  in  cases  of  emer- 
gency. If  the  Gold  Hill  does  not  prove  to  be  the 
equal  of  any  mine  in  the  district,  everybody  who 
knows  the  history  of  the  property  will  "lose  their 
guess,*'  as  the  miners  say. 

Orange. 

Big  Coal  Enterprise. — Los  Angeles  Express, 
April  10:  On  Monday  last  a  party  of  well-known 
citizens  of  Los  Angeles  returned  from  an  inspection 
of  a  very  valuable  coal  bed  in  Orange  county.  There 
were  in  the  party  Col.  J.  C.  Robinson,  vice-president 
of  the  Los  Angeles  Cable  Co. ;  ex-Mayor  John  Bry- 
son,  Dr.  J.  H.  Bryant,  Supt.  E.  E.  Hewitt  of  the 
Southern  Pacific  Co. ;  Capt.  A.  W.  Bmett,  H.  J 
WooUacott,  John  McCrea  and  Charles  Seyler.  The 
location  of  the  coal  bed  is  in  Santiago  canyon,  about 
10  miles  east  of  Santa  Ana.  The  gentlemen  made 
a  very  thorough  examination  of  the  prospect.  A 
tunnel  had  been  run  into  the  hill,  and  at  a  depth 
from  the  surface  of  about  16  feet  were  found  four  or 
five  blanket  veins  of  very  good-looking  coal.  The 
intention  is  to  form  a  joint-stock  corporation  to 
open  and  develop  the  property.  A  shaft  is  to  be 
sunk  and  all  these  veins  very  thoroughly  explored, 
Ten  thousand  dollars  is  to  be  laid  out  at  once  in  this 
preliminary  work.  The  corporation  will  be  known 
as  the  Carbondale  Coal  M.  Co.  A  year  or  more 
ago  D.  M.  Tomblin,  an  enterprising  resident  of 
Tus'in,  exhibited  specimens  of  this  coal  in  this  city 
and  exerted  himself  to  interest  capital  in  the  de- 
velopment of  the  property.  It  is  averred  that  should 
the  enterprise  be  carried  out  as  now  projected 
the  new  enterprise  will  be  able  to  lay  down  coal  in 
Los  Angeles  at  $6  a  ton. 

Placer. 

The  Drummond  Quartz  Mine.— Nera/d,  April 
12:  The  old-time  mmer  and  mining  superintend- 
ent, Wm.  Werry,  after  the  hard  winter,  has  again 
taken  charge  of  the  Drummond  quartz  mine,  near 
Iowa  Hill,  and  reports  everything  as  looking  well. 
A  contract  has  been  let  to  run  tunnel  No.  2,  in 
which  the  ledge  is  likely  to  be  struck  soon,  Mr, 
Werry  thinks  this  lower  tunnel  will  demonstrate  the 
mine's  increased  value.  But  even  the  openings  in 
tunnel  No.  i  show  the  Drummond  to  be  a  rich  mine 
and  good  for  years.  If  they  strike  good  ore  at  a 
lower  level,  so  much  the  better.  The  intention  is  to 
soon  have  another  mill  in  operation,  probably  by 
the  ist  of  May.  There  are  now  about  20  men  em- 
ployed, and  when  the  new  mill  is  started  they  will 
increase  the  force.  When  in  full  operation  they  ex- 
pect to  crush  from  30  to  35  tons  of  rock  per  day. 
San  Dlef^o. 

Banner. — Julian  Sentinel,  April  11:  As  De- 
maids  has  departed,  I  will  give  you  a  few  items  from 
Banner.  The  Cincinnati  Belle  Co.  have  their  new 
shaft  down  80  feet,  with  a  good  ledge  of  ore.  They 
have  built  a  road  from  the  raine  to  the  Cuyamaca 
mountain,  via  Bob  Gardner's,  for  timbers,  etc.  The 
Ready  Relief  are  running  their  ten  stamps  on  good 
ore.  The  Warlock  boys  are  about  to  make  a  deal 
with  Pomona  parties  for  their  mine.  The  Point 
Loma  Co.,  of  the  North  Golden  Chariot,  are  in  80 
feet  with  their  tunnel  and  expect  to  strike  the  ledge 
at  150  feet;  then  look  out  for  big  reports.  Bryan 
Obear  and  Expert  Werlitz,  of  St.  Louis,  will  soon 
arrive  at  Banner  and  will  commence  operations  on 
the  Kentuck, 

Pine  Valley.— 5iz«  Z>zVf(7?^  April  10:  Coroner 
Eadon,  who  has  just  returned  from  a  trip  to  La- 
guna,  reports  raining  matters  lively  in  Pine  Valley. 
"I  stopped  over  at  Goodbody's  camp  at  the  Eu- 
reka mine.  They  have  ten  men  at  work  and  are 
taking  out  a  good  deal  of  ore.  They  have  a  five- 
stamp  mill,  but  it  is  at  present  idle  for  the  reason 
that  the  bed  of  the  crusher  is  broken,  and  they  are 
awaiting  a  new  one  from  San  ?Yancisco.  Another 
mine  is  being  worked  near  by." 
Sierra. 

Wide  Awake. — Mountain  Messenger,  April  12: 
At  the  annual  meeting  of  the  Wide  Awake  Mining 
Co.,  held  in  Downieville,  April  7th,  the  following 
named  were  elected  d'rectors  for  the  ensuing  year: 
F,  Bosch,  J.  A.  Blohra,  C.  F.  Eckard,  P.  R.  Gard- 
ner and  J.  M.  B.  Meroux.  At  a  subsequent  meet- 
ing of  the  Board  of  Directors,  P.  R.  Gardner  was 
chosen  President,  H.  T.  Briggs,  Treasurer,  and 
A.  J.  Meroux,  Secretary.  The  mine  is  opened  for 
work  and  18  ounces  of  gold,  the  first  cleanup  this 
season,  was  washed  out  this  week.  Mr.  P.  R. 
Gardner  will  have  charge  of  the  property  until  a 
superintendent  is  appointed.  Nine  men  are  em- 
ployed and  more  will  soon  be  engaged. 

The  Cleanup  for  March  at  the  Young  Ameri- 
ca quartz  mine  was  about  $  t5,ooo. 
Sutter. 

Gold  Dust, — Sutter  County  Farmer.  April  11: 
T.  S.  Kersey  of  West  Butte,  a  pioneer  rainer,  was 
in  town  last  Saturday,  and  brought  with  him  a 
quantity  of  gold  that  he  had  washed  out  during  the 
past  winter.  On  his  range  in  the  Butles  there  are 
many  places  containing  free  gold,  and  during  the 
rains  while  water  can  be  procured, -good  wages  can 
be  made  with  the  pick  and  pan.  Mr.  Kersey  had 
only  worked  at  odd  times,  and  had  secured  about 
$30  worth  of  the  precious  stuff.  Some  fair-sized 
lumps  of  gold  were  shown  in  the  box  containing  the 
dust. 

Tuolumne. 

Rich  Rock. — Tuolumne  Independent,  April  12: 
We  are  informed  that  some  very  rich  rock  has  been 
discovered  in  the  extension  between  the  Black  Oak 
and  Live  Oak  mines,  said  to  be  the  richest  rock 
Soulsbyvllle  has  yet  produced.  The  Dead  Horse 
mine  is  at  present  showing  some  very  rich  ore. 
Trinity. 

Work  Progressing.— Trinity /(j^^z-^^d/,  April  12: 
Last  Tuesday  the  Trinity  Gold  Mining  Co,  had  160 
inches  of  water  through  the  lower  ditch,  and  by  Sat- 
urday evening  they  expect  to  have  the  ditch  running 
full.  It  will  take  about  four  weeks  to  get  the  upper 
ditch  ready  to  carry  water,  but  with  what  water  the 
lower  one  will  furnish  good  work  can  be  done. 

East  Fork. — The  Enterprise  mill  is  running  in 
good  shape.    Yesterday  the  Yellowstone  started  up, 


and  is  running  day  and  night.  Mr.  Paxton  has 
qui'ie  a  force  of  men  at  work,  having  three  shifts  on 
the  lower  tunnel.  Smith  and  Watrous  are  having  a 
good  run  this  season,  and  judging  from  the  muddy 
water  in  East  Fork  they  must  be  moving  consider- 
able dirt.  Prospectors  are  commencing  to  move 
around  through  the  mountains,  and  some  assess- 
ment work  is  being  done. 

NEVADA. 


Washoe  District. 

Potosi, — Virginia  Enterprise,  April  12:  The 
east  crosscut,  300  feet  south  of  north  line,  850  level, 
is  out  196  feet;  face  in  porphyry  with  streaks  of 
quartz  which  give  good  assays.  East  crosscut  400 
feet  south  of  north  line,  850  level,  is  out  158  feet; 
face  in  porphyry.  The  winze  below  the  930  level  is 
down  43  feet;  the  bottom  is  showing  stringers  of 
ore  of  good  grade.  The  raise  above  the  930  level  is 
up  85  feet;  the  roof  is  in  quartz  giving  assays  of 
from  $25  to  $40  a  ton. 

Alta. — Are  working  in  the  stopes  between  the 
925  and  825  levels  and  drifting  southeast  on  the 
1040  level;  face  of  drift  in  low-grade  ore.  Milling 
about  45  tons  of  ore  daily,  of  the  average  value  of 
$20  per  ton. 

Yellow  Jacket. — Shipping  about  65  tons  of 
ore  daily  of  the  average  value  of  $22  per  ton,  and 
doing  extensive  prospecting  work. 

Con,  Imperial.— West  crosscut  No.  2  from  the 
500  level  north  drift  (Yellow  Jacket),  which  is  the 
750  level  of  the  Imperial,  is  out  238  feet,  having 
been  advanced  30  feet  during  the  week.  The  north 
lateral  drift  in  No.  i  crosscut  on  the  same  level  is  in 
115  feet,  20  having  been  added  during  the  week, 
The  face  shows  quartz  and  porphyry. 

Crown  Point.— Have  started  to  open  the  old 
west  crosscut  on  the  230  level  and  to  advance  it  over 
the  300  level  west  stope.  Shipped  to  the  mill  dur- 
ing the  week  787  tons  of  ore,  the  average  battery 
samp'es  of  which  assayed  $24.52  per  ton. 

Belcher. — The  200  south  drift  from  the  west 
crosscut  is  out  175  feet,  having  been  extended  40 
feet  during  the  week.  The  face  is  in  low-grade 
quartz.  The  300  west  crosscut  is  out  65  feet.  The 
face  is  all  in  quartz  showing  spots  of  pay  ore.  The 
600  south  lateral  drift  is  out  217  feet,  having  been 
advanced  15  feet  since  last  report.  The  800  joint 
crosscut  is  out  323  feet,  and  the  face  is  in  hard  por- 
phyry. 

Confidence  and  Challenge  Con. — The  joint 
Confidence  and  Challenge  raise  is  up  18  feet,  having 
been  commenced  during  the  week.  The  top  shows 
low-grade  quartz. 

Overman, — Have  extracted  and  hoisted  from  the 
1200  level  213  tons  of  ore.  Shipped  to  the  Vivian 
mill  283  tons  of  ore.  Battery  average,  $18.02  per 
ton;  ol  this  amount  $10.04  is  gold.  Stopes  are  look- 
ing well  and  yielding  the  usual  quantity  and  quality 
of  ore.  Shipped  one  bar  of  bu'Iion  valued  at 
$7372.97;  previous  shipment,  $6336.49.  Total  for 
the  month  of  March,  $13  709.46. 

Justice. — The  north  drilt,  622 level,  advanced  18 
feel;  total  length,  770  feet.  The  face  is  in  low- 
grade  quartz.  The  southwest  drift,  490  level,  ad- 
vanced 10  feet;  total  length,  563  feet.  The  face  is 
in  hard  rock.  Shipped  to  the  mill  during  the  week 
196  tons  of  ore,  the  average  battery  assay  of  which 
was  $26.10. 

Segregated  Belcher. — The  1000  level  south- 
east drift  is  out  103  feet  south  of  north  line,  and  they 
have  connected  with  the  end  of  the  east  crosscut. 
The  850  level  joint  crosscut  is  out  323  feet,  having 
advanced  28  feet  since  last  report.  The  face  is  in 
hard  porphyry. 

Chollar. — The  east  crosscut,  80  feet  south  of 
north  line,  750  level,  is  out  no  feet;  face  in  por- 
phyry. The  east  crosscut,  80  feet  south  of  north 
line,  850  level,  is  out  115  feet;  face  in  porphyry. 

Exchequer. — The  east  crosscut  on  the  north 
line,  500  level,  is  out  167  feet;  face  in  porphyry.  The 
north  lateral  drift,  600  level,  is  out  north  of  Alpha 
shaft  227  feet;  face  in  quartz  and  porphyry. 

Alpha. — The  west  crosscut,  500  level,  100  feet 
north  of  shaft,  is  out  541  feet;  face  in  hard  porphyry. 
The  south  lateral  drift,  600  level,  is  out  19  feel;  face 
in  soft  porphyry  and  stringers  of  quartz, 

Savage. — On  the  300  level  the  south  and  north 
lateral  drifts  are  advanced  respectively  159  and  84 
feet.  Are  extracting  ore  from  the  400,  500,  600  and 
750  levels,  and  are  running  prospecting  drifts  on 
each  of  these  levels.  During  the  week  they  milled 
459  tons  of  ore  of  the  average  value,  as  per  battery 
samples,  of  $22  per  ton.  Have  bullion  on  hand 
amounting  to  $6304.  The  total  bullion  yield  of  March 
was  $28,855.65. 

Scorpion.— On  the  630  level  the  southwest  drift 
from  the  shaft  has  been  advanced  60  feet  in  a  por- 
phyry forraation. 

Hale  &  Norcross. — No  work  has  been  done  in 
the  mine  since  last  report  up  to  Wednesday,  when 
work  was  resumed,  except  timbering  the  shaft  and 
repairing  the  south  lateral  drift  on  the  500  level, 
both  of  which  repairs  are  completed.  Have  started 
No.  I  east  crosscut  from  the  south  drift  on  the  500 
level,  and  advanced  it  20  feet.  It  is  hoped  to  en- 
counter in  this  crosscut  the  northern  continuation  of 
the  ore  recently  disclosed  in  the  Chollar  drift  near 
the  Hale  &  Norcross  south  line.  Milled  during  the 
week  280  tons  of  ore  of  theaverage  value,  as  per  bat- 
tery samples,  $20  per  ton. 

Silver  Hill.  —  The  south  drift  from  the  shaft, 
160  level,  is  out  545  feet;  face  in  clay  and  porphyry. 
The  northeast  drift,  260  level,  is  out  from  the  shaft 
650  feet;  face  in  clay  and  porphyry.  During  the 
week  have  been  repairing  the  400  level  station. 

Ward  Combination  Shaft  —  The  east  drift 
from  the  1800  level  station  is  out  314  feet;  face  in 
porphyry. 

Julia. — No  work  has  been  done  in  the  northwest 
drift  the  past  week  except  repairs. 

Con.  New  York, — The  west  drift  from  the  shaft, 
650  level,  is  out  250  feet;  face  in  porphyry.  The  north 
lateral  drift,  800  level,  is  out  from  the  west  crosscut 
203  feet;  face  in  clay  and  porphyry.  The  raise  from 
the  Soo  level  is  up  214  feet;  the  roof  is  in  quartz  giv- 
ing fair  assays.  The  south  lateral  drift,  960  level,  is 
out  from  the  shaft  133  feet;  the  face  is  in  quartz  giv- 
ing low  assays. 

Best  &  Belcher.— On  the  1000  level,  east  cross- 
cut No.  I  has  been  extended  22  feet;  total  length  327 
feet.  Formation,  hard  porphyry.  On  the  1200 
level  the  north  drift  has  been  cleaned  out  and  re- 
paired 40  feet;  total  distance,  570  feet. 

Gould  ^  Curry. — On  the  200  level  west  cross- 
cut No.  I  has  been  extended  18  feel;  total  length, 
13*^  feet.     Formation,  soft  porphyry.      On  the  400 


level  west  crosscut  No.  i  has  been  extended  18  feet;, 
total  length,  560  feet.     Formation,  soft  porphyry; 

Andes. — Drift  on  420  level  advanced  70  teet.. 
Formation,  clay  and  porphyry,  with  stringers  ofi 
quartz.     On  350  level  still  advancing  repairs. 

Central  District, 

Good  Prospects.— Cor,  Silver  Slate,  April  11- 
Central  district,  which,  like  most  of  the  mining 
camps  in  the  State,  has  been  dormant  ever  sinca 
silver  was  demonetized,  is  now  coming  to  the  front 
again.  Lately  some  very  rich  mines  have  been  de- 
veloped and  large  bodies  of  ore  have  been  found  at 
a  considerable  depth,  which  are  very  rich  in  gold 
and  silver,  and  will  soon  be  sending  forth  a  large 
output  of  bullion  to  the  markets  of  the  world  andl 
adding  to  the  many  industries  of  Humboldt  county. 
The  following  are  a  few  of  the  leading  mines  in  the: 
camp:  The  Locomotive,  owned  by  Fiank  Clark, 
and  perhaps  the  oldest  and  most  developed  mine  in. 
the  camp,  has  been  running  steadily  for  a  number 
of  years.  Considerable  work  has  been  done  andl 
the  mine  has  paid  its  owner  from  the  grass  roots, 
down.  The  Aurum,  owned  by  Clark  &  Stoddinger.. 
is  one  of  the  richest  mines  in  the  camp.  At  a  depthi 
of  about  150  feet  a  body  of  ore  was  discovered 
which  is  from  18  to  20  inches  wide,  and  averages, 
about  $100  in  gold  to  the  ton.  The  ore  also  carries, 
very  rich  galena,  which  ranges  from  $[25  to  $200  in 
silver  to  the  ton.  The  mine  is  rapidly  being  de- 
veloped and  is  one  of  the  best  prospects  in  Hum- 
boldt county.  The  Millionaire,  owned  by  A.  H., 
Ruse  iS:  Son,  is  also  a  rich  property,  and  is  being 
worked  at  a  depth  of  200  feet  with  a  large  body  of 
ore  in  sight,  which  is  very  rich-,  and  ranges  about  18 
to  30  inches  in  width  and  assays  very  high  in  gold 
and  silver.  At  present  they  have  no  way  of  hoisting 
the  ore  and  have  to  stow  it  away  in  drifts  in  the 
mine,  but  the  owners  expect  soon  to  have  a  whim  in 
operation.  The  Railroader,  owned  by  Norman  Gil- 
bert, is  another  good  mine,  and  is  developed  to  a 
large  extent  and  has  an  immense  body  of  ore  in 
sight.  The  Keystone,  owned  by  Alex  Wise,  is  an- 
other on  the  list  of  good  mines  in  the  district  and 
has  rich  ore  in  sight.  It  is  expected  this  mine  will 
be  worked  this  summer.  Frank  Reynolds  is  running 
a  tunnel  to  tap  a  ledge,  which  prospects  good  on 
the  surface,  and  he  expects  to  strike  ore  shortly,  as 
indications  show  that  it  is  not  far  off.  He  has  al- 
ready cut  several  small  seams  of  ore  in  the  tunnel, 
which  is  now  in  about  125  feet  from  the  surface. 
Quite  a  number  of  prospectors  are  in  the  hills,  and 
it  is  probable  that  other  good  leads  will  be  found 
before  very  long.  The  camp  has  quite  a  lively  ap- 
pearance, and  it  is  the  hope  of  everybody  thai  it  is 
on  the  verge  of  a  boom. 

Eureka  District- 

Survey  and  Examination.— 5(;«/;>/c/,  April  12: 
Gen.  Robt.  M.  Clark  arrived  here  from  Carson  Iaj.t 
Tuesday  and  has  been  examining  the  Prospect 
mountain  tunnel  and  Colorado  mine,  with  a  view  of 
ascertaining  if  the  ore  that  has  been  extracted  from 
the  tunnel  and  workings  has  come  from  the  Color- 
ado  ground  or  not.  Surveyor  Read  has  been  sur- 
veying the  Colorado  mine  and  the  tunnel  for  the 
same  purpose,  as  well  as  to  ascertain  what  amount 
of  ore  has  been  extracted  from  the  Colorado  ground. 
What  the  result  will  be  we  cannot  foretell,  but  steps 
will  probably  be  taken  to  prevent  the  Tunnel  Co. 
from  taking  ore  from  any  of  the  mines  the  tunnel 
penetrates  that  they  do  not  own.  It  would  be  a 
good  thing  if  the  owners  of  those  mines,  and  the 
Prospect  Mountain  Tunnel  Co.,  would  agree  to  a 
compromise,  and  better  still  if  all  of  them  were  con- 
solidated.  There  are  several  good  mines  that  could 
be  worked  through  the  Prospect  mountain  tunnel, 
principally  the  Silver  Connor  series,  Williams  series, 
Colorado,  Avon,  Manhattan  Rentier,  and  Cosmos. 
If  all  of  these  mines  were  consolidated  with  the  tun- 
nel, which  has  penetrated  the  mountain  for  a  dis- 
tance of  2350  feet,  it  would  make  a  very  productive 
and  a  great  and  valuable  property,  particularly  if  it 
were  to  fall  into  the  hands  of  a  big  incorporated 
company.  The  mines  mentioned  havfi  yielded  a 
large  amount  of  ore,  and  there  are  all  the  evidences 
of  great  value  and  permanency  in  them.  General 
Clark  returned  to  Carson  yesterday. 

Shipping  Ore.— We  learn  that  ore  in  consider- 
able quantities  is  being  mined  by  the  lessees  of  the 
Bullwhacker  mine,  owned  by  the  Ruby  Mining  Co. 
(Limited),  and  shipped  to  Salt  Lake  for  treatment. 
It  is  quite  remunerative  on  account  of  the  high  per- 
centage of  lead  it  carries.  The  entire  amount  of  ore 
shipped  over  the  railroad  during  the  week  from  the 
following  mines  was  43  carloads.  Twenty-two  cars 
loaded  with  ore  from  the  Jackson,  Phcenix  and 
Bullwhacker  mines,  pulled  out  of  the  railroad  d^ot 
last  Wednesday,  destined  for  Salt  Lake  City. 

Tuscarora  DlBtrlct. 

Nevada  Queen.  —  Times-Review,  April  12: 
North  gangway  from  6oo-foot  station  of  North 
Belle  Isle  has  been  advanced  24  feet.  A  strong 
flow  of  water  is  coraing  in. 

Navajo. — Crosscut  from  the  end  of  south  drift, 
150-foot  level,  extended  16  feet.  The  crosscut  from 
the  north  gangway,  350-foot  level,  extended  23  feet; 
total,  44  feet.  No  material  change  since  last 
report. 

North  Belle  Isle. — The  stopes  above  the  300- 
foot  level  are  without  material  change.  North 
gangway  from  the  shaft,  600-foot  level,  has  been 
extended  24  feet.  The  water  is  coming  in  pretty 
strong. 

-  Belle  Isle. — The  crosscut  near  the  Navajo 
line,  250-foot  level,  has  been  extended  8  feet,  cut- 
ting some  low-grade  ore.  A  drift  has  been  started 
north  from  the  crosscut  and  extended  6  feet.  South 
drift  from  crosscut  on  the  350-foot  level  extended 
13  feet. 

Grand  Prize.  —500-foot  level;  East  drift  from 
north  crosscut  extended  9  feet  without  change. 
North  crosscut  from  front  vein  extended  21  feet. 
Have  passed  through  the  north  vein,  A  drift  is 
started  east  upon  the  vein;  the  face  is  in  concen- 
trating ore  of  fair  grade. 

Del  Monte, — First  level — North  gangway  has 
been  a:dvanced  27  feet,  total  98  feet,  spar  and  iron 
pyrites  showing  in  the  face.  North  drift  from 
joint  crosscut  extended  10  feet,  seams  of  high-grade 
ore  all  through  the  face  of  drift. 

Commonwealth.— We  have  sent  520  tons  of  ore 
to  the  concentrator,  which  is  running  all  right; 
110,200  pounds  concentrates  on  hand,  weighed  as 
taken  from  the  vanners. 

North  Commonwealth.— First  level— No.  a 
east  crosscut  has  been  extended  15  feet  through  the 
vein,  showing  some  good  ore.     North  drift  from 


Apbil  19,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press, 


267 


No.  I  east  crosscut  a<lvanced  xo  feet  and  connected 
with  south  drift  from  joint  crosscut.  Have  started 
to  drift  east  from  this  point. 

ARIZONA. 

Notes.— Prescott  Courier.  April  ii:  Word  from 
Bradsh  tw  district  is  to  the  effect  that  the  Gray 
Gigle  mine  is  being  opened  in  a  workmaohke  man- 
ner and  is  looking  well.  Both  mills  are  running. 
Mr.  Williama.  superintendent  of  the  Boggs,  Hack- 
berry  and  S-rnator  mines,  is  opening  all  three  mines 
in  the  right  way.  Water  is  still  a  iroublesonie  ete* 
ment  in  the  Senator.  The  Congress  mill,  which 
has  run  night  and  day  for  ever  so  many  months,  is 
now  getting  a  thorough  cleaning.  Supt.  Giroux 
thinks  of  starting  United  Verde  smelters  early  next 
week.  Several  s-ilesof  undeveloped  lodes  have  been 
nude  this  week.  Ssveral  wagon-loads  of  gold  sul- 
phiirets  cime  here  yesterday  from  the  Congress 
mine.  T.  W.  Boggs  of  Big  Hug  district  said  re- 
cently that  there  are  some  6o  men  working  in  and 
ab  >ui  the  Hdckb/rry  and  Boggs  mine.  The  vein  in 
the  last  named  mine  is  very  large.  N.  C.  Sheckles 
of  the  Crowned  King  mine  arrived  here  recently 
from  the  mill,  which  is  running  and  paying.  The 
company's  most  refractory  ores  are  shipped  Eist. 
Wm.  Murphy  has  taken  men  to  Bradshaw  to  work 
in  Win,  A.  I-inn's  fine  claim  on  the  Tiger.  The 
Black  Horse  mine  coniinues  to  improve  us  depth  is 
attained.  The  old  Karnham  mill.  Walker  district, 
is  running  day  and  night,  mostly  on  custom  ore. 
Kosler  &  Robeson  have  started  work  in  the  Middle- 
ton  mire.  Walker  district,  and  will  commence  ship- 
ping ore.  Miners  ate  talking  a  great  deal  about 
the  rich  strike  in  the  Hackberry  mine,  Big  Bug  dis- 
trict. Krank  McCabe's  mines,  near  ( j  ilena  Gulch, 
a^e  producing  high-gr^de  ore.  N.  L.  Griftin,  J.  W. 
M.  Moore  and  a  goo-l  many  more  Walker  district 
miners  are  sending  ore  to  Joe  Chambers'  mill. 
Placer  miners  of  Black  Canyon  creek  are  sending 
in  considerable  dust  to  Cordes  and  Bumblebee  sta- 
tions. Mr,  Williams,  manager  of  several  mines  in 
this  section,  has  gone  to  Yucca,  Mohave  county,  to 
start  work  in  his  copper  mines,  which  means  that 
he  will,  ere  long,  be  smelting  in  Copper  Bisin,  13 
miles  from  Prescott.  Harlan's  mill,  on  Hassa- 
yampa  creek,  is  crushing  out  the  gold.  The  Con- 
gress mill  has  b2en  overhauled  and  is  working 
away  with  usual  good  results.  Miners  of  Tip  Top 
district  are  shipping  a  great  deal  of  high-grade  sil- 
ver ore  to  the  smelter  at  El  Paso,  Texas.  Jake 
Henkle  is  commencing  to  ship  rich  ore  from  his 
Rapid  Transit  mine,  Bradshaw  district.  Santa 
Miria  mines  are  attracting  attention.  Charles 
Bennett  is  opening  a  promising  ledge  in  Groom 
Creek  district.  Turkey,  creek  miners  are  praying  for 
the  water  to  recede.  It  is  too  much  for  them.  J. 
W.  O' Bryan  will  instill  new  life  into  Placeritas  dis- 
trict in  a  short  time.  It  is  well  enough  to  remark 
every  once  in  awhile  that  failures  here  are  not 
chargeable  to  Arizona  or  Arizonians.  They  can 
honestly  be  charged  up  to  detailed  "  superintend- 
ents" who  had  more  money  than  mining  brains. 

COLORADO. 

The  Bushwhacker.  —  Aspen  Times,  April  10: 
The  Bushwhacker  management  has  met  with  much 
difficulty  during  the  past  few  days  in  getting  the  ore 
from  the  mine  down  the  mountain.  It  might  be 
supposed  that  the  Smuggler  mountain  road  would 
be  in  a  passable  condition  by  this  time,  but  such  is 
not  the  case,  the  road  on  top  of  the  mountain  being 
extremely  boggy  and  at  other  points  rough  and  un- 
safe. Seven  wagon-loads  of  ore  that  were  loaded 
Monday  did  not  get  into  the  samplers  until  yester- 
day afiernnon.  In  the  meantime  the  product  of  the 
mine  has  been  piling  up  on  the  dump  and  it  has 
been  determined  to  transport  the  ore  by  jack  train 
until  such  time  as  wagons  can  again  make  the  trip. 
One  hundred  and  sixty  jacks  were  sent  to  the  mine 
yesterday  and  brought  down  25  tons  of  ore.  This 
ore  is  of  the  usual  high  grade,  ranging  from  $roo  to 
$200  per  ton.  The  mine  is  continually  improving 
in  appearance  and  it  looks  now  as  if  shipments  of 
35  or  40  tons  a  day  would  soon  be  possible.  When 
it  was  found  recently  where  the  main  ore  body  lay, 
the  second  level  north  was  started  to  reach  it  on  its 
downward  trend.  This  level  is  just  coming  into 
mineral  and  it  is  believed  that  the  rich  ore  chute  will 
soon  be  showing  up  at  that  point.  If  this  expecta- 
tion is  realized  the  management  will  be  assured  of 
several  hundred  thousand  dollars'  worth  of  mineral 
between  the  two  levels. 

IDAHO. 

Smoky — Ketchum  Keystone,  April  7:  We  are 
informed  that  the  outlook  of  the  Smoky  mining  dis- 
trict is  very  encouraging.  Our  informant  says 
that  the  Carrie  Leonard  and  Pot  Wrestler  mines, 
which  are  being  worked  under  a  lease,  have  not 
looked  as  well  (or  the  past  three  years  as  they  do 
at  present.  The  prospects  of  the  Fraser  mine, 
owned  by  the  Phi"adelphia  and  Idaho  Co.,  are 
looking  very  tUltering,  and  the  number  of  miners 
will  no  doubt  be  considerably  increased  as  soon  as 
the  roads  will  admit  of  getting  in  supplies  to  the 
mines.  A  few  men  have  been  working  at  the  King 
of  the  West  mine  during  the  winter,  and  it  is  re- 
ported that  this  mine  never  looked  better  or  more 
promising  than  at  present.  Arrangements  are  be- 
ing made  by  which  the  miners  of  Smoky  expect  to 
make  shipments  of  ore  in  the  course  of  a  couple  of 
weeks.  They  will  use  pack-trains  until  the  roads 
become  passable  for  wagons.  The  prospects  of 
the  entire  Smoky  district  for  a  prosperous  season 
are  exceptionally  bright.  An  important  develop- 
ment is  reportid  in  the  lower  works  of  the  Red  Ele- 
phant mine  at  Bullion.  .The  ore  body  is  said  to  be 
six  feet  wide. 

Seafoam  Mines  Bonded —Chillis  Messenger, 
April  8:  The  Eureka,  Midway  and  Ella  and  a  two- 
tbirds  interest  in  the  Big  Sulphur  mines,  Seafoam 
district,  have  been  bonded  by  Messrs.  Mat  Wo- 
rn icks,  Lee  Womacks,  Carl  Lane,  DiveClum  and 
Henry  Duffy  to  C.  E.  Keller  of  St.  Paul,  Mmn., 
through  his  agent,  Wm.  J.  Scott  of  Challis.  The 
bond  is  for  five  months.  These  properties  are  all 
developed,  the  Eureka  the  most  extensively,  and  ore 
has  been  shipped  from  them  to  Ketchum  which  av- 
eraged about  135  ounces  per  ton,  the  lowest  being 
no  ounces  and  the  highest  150  ounces  per  ton. 
These  properties  are  considered  by  all  miners  of  Sea- 
foam to  be  among  the  best  locations  of  that  rich  dis- 
trict, and  conservative  mining  men  who  have  exam- 
ined them  thoroughly  think  that  with  full  develop 


nient  they  will  rank  with  the  rirst  mines  of  the  other 
permanent  districts  of  Custer  county. 

MONTANA. 

Chas.  Clark's  Purchase.— Phillipsburg  Afail. 
April  13:  Charles  Clark,  of  Granite  Mountain,  took 
up  the  deed  in  escrow  in  St.  Louis,  Saturday,  of  the 
Harris  &  Hazelion  group  of  mines  in  the  Beaver 
creek  district  and  piid  the  purchase  price  in  cash, 
$75,000.  These  mines,  it  is  said,  have  paid  the 
owners  $10,000  per  month  net,  for  several  months 
pist. 

Granite  Mountain.— The  output  for  the  week 
ending  April  10  was  51  bars  of  bullion,  containing 
79,585  ounces  fine  silver  and  155  ounces  fine  gold. 

N£QW  MEX^UO. 

Development  Work.— Silver  City  Enterprise, 
April  11:  James  Smith  and  John  Stone  have  been 
working  out  some  excellent  ore  at  Bild  mountain. 
Wm,  Brahm  contemplates  the  erection  of  a  silver 
mill  at  Lone  mountain  in  the  near  future.  He  will 
treat  custom  ores.  Wm.  Beall  and  Col.  Dan  Casey 
are  drifting  from  bottom  of  shaft  on  the  Only  Show 
mine  in  Cow  Springs  di-trict.  The  boys  are  taking 
out  some  very  line  chloride  ore  with  considerable  in 
sight.  Iron  ore  is  now  being  shipped  from  Legal 
Tender  hill  at  the  rate  of  two  cars  per  day.  George 
W,  Wearing,  of  D^-ming.  states  that  the  building  of 
the  new  road  from  Demmg  means  the  early  comple- 
tion of  the  new  smelting  plant  upon  which  he  has 
been  working  for  the  past  year.  The  completion  of 
the  smelter  at  Deming  will  be  of  great  advantage  to 
many  mines  in  this  section  of  the  county,  and  espe- 
cially to  those  of  Pinos  Altos,  which  produce  low- 
grade  concentrates.  And  still  they  come  to  the 
Iront.  The  new  strike  on  the  Oic^ola  mine,  the 
north  extension  of  the  Deep  Down  in  Atlantic  gulch, 
is  something  over  which  mining  men  in  other  min- 
ing States  would  rave  and  newspaper  correspondents 
warm  the  wires.  In  a  drift  run  from  the  60-foot 
level,  there  has  been  discovered  a  body  of  ore  over 
12  inches  in  thickness,  which  is  sprinkled,  pepper 
and  salt  fashion,  with  free  gold  throughout  the  entire 
mass;  an  average  of  over  12  inches  assaying  33 
ounces  of  gold  per  ton.  The  lalcose  vein  matter 
adjacent  thereto  for  a  width  of  18  inches,  running 
from  three  to  five  ounces  in  gold  per  ton.  The 
owners,  Messrs,  Martin  Cox  and  Jake  Long,  are 
very  much  elated.  The  recent  strike  in  the  Alham- 
bra  at  Black  Hawk  is  probably  the  finest  body  of 
ore  ever  developed  in  this  district.  It  is  without 
doubt  the  most  extensive  chute  of  native  silver  ever 
uncovered  in  the  Territory.  The  drift  has  now  been 
driven  over  20  feet  along  on  the  ore  body  and  only 
the  apex  of  the  ore  chute  has  been  uncovered,  yet 
the  ore  is  so  exceedingly  rich  that  over  $20,000  is 
now  exposed  in  sight,  with  an  underhand  stope  of 
virgin  ground  to  be  explored. 

OREGON. 

Hydraulic  Companies.— Grant's  Pass  Courier, 
April  10:  The  four  hydraulic  mining  companies  on 
Williams  creek,  viz:  Elick  Watts,  Bigham  &  Co., 
Sparlin  &  Co.  and  J.  T.  I>ayton  &  Co.,  are  all  run- 
ning with  plenty  of  water  in  pay  dirt.  The  Pa- 
cific Hydraulic  &  Gold  Mining  Co.,  on  Grave 
creek,  are  working  two  pipes  night  and  day.  The 
high  water  damaged  their  mine  considerably 
by  washing  out  two  bridges,  otherwise  they 
would  have  had  six  pipes  playing  on  pay  dirt. 
The  Grant's  Pass  Mining  &  Lime  Co.  are  operating 
on  their  lime  claim,  three  miles  east  of  Woodville 
on  Ward's  creek.  They  have  burnt  one  kiln  of  850 
bushels,  and  from  this  time  on  will  burn  six  kilns 
every  four  weeks.  They  expect  in  the  near  future 
to  construct  a  Put  kiln  with  which  they  will  burn 
100  barrels  of  lime  per  day;  this  will  require  an  ex- 
penditure of  over  $3000,  This  is  one  of  the  best 
lime  quarries  on  the  coast.  Long  years  ago  a 
couple  of  miners  struck  quartz  on  Horseheaven 
creek,  a  tributary  of  Williams  creek.  Patiently 
they  toiled  in  developing  their  ledge;  and  after 
working  down  on  the  ledge,  to  further  demonstrate 
the  richness  of  their  find,  they  started  a  tunnel  from 
the  face  of  the  bill  many  feet  below.  With  com- 
mon black  powder  and  drill  they  penetrated  the 
hill  some  60  feet,  but  failed  to  find  their  ledge 
which  gave  such  rich  promise  higher  up.  Vainly 
they  run  side  drifts,  no  ledge  could  be  (ound,  and 
after  years  of  toil  and  the  utter  depletion  of  their 
money  they  abandoned  the  mine,  A  third  of  a 
century  rolled  away.  Rubbish  and  a  tangled 
growth  of  wild  weeds  and  underbrush  had  oblit- 
erated all  signs  of  the  work  these  men  had  done. 
The  mine  was  forgotten,  and  even  tradition  failed 
to  note  its  locality.  The  flood  of  1890  came;  the 
saturated  hillside  lost  its  hold  on  the  long-hidden 
bedrock,  and  with  a  roar  and  a  crash  it  came  down. 
Bui  there  was  no  one  near  to  hear  the  uproar  made 
by  the  falling  mountain-side,  for  it  was  far  out  in 
the  ppopleless  mountains.  Recently  Mr.  S.  Mes- 
senger happened  in  the  vicinity  of  the  old  forgotten 
mine,  and  going  to  it,  found  that  the  landslide  had 
completely  denuded  the  face  of  the  hill,  revealing  a 
well-defined  ledge,  and  also  how  near,  how  "very 
near,  the  disheartened  miners  had  come  of  striking 
the  sought-for  ledge.  By  a  strange  freak  the  ledge 
had  veered  from  its  indicated  course,  and  by  a  very 
few  feet  the  miners  of  long  ago  missed  it.  Mr. 
Messenger  is  an  experienced  quartz  miner,  and 
after  fully  testing  the  rock  is  satisfied  it  is  good. 
He  is  now  preparing  to  work  it.  It  is  free  gold, 
and  one  or  more  arastras  will  be  put  to  work  on  it 
right  away,  the  machinery  for  which  is  now  ordered. 


UTAH. 

Graphite.— Eureka  Chief,  April  n:  A  large 
body  of  graphite  has  been  discovered  near  Santa- 
quin.  The  Victoria  Mining  Co.  have  a  force  of 
men  at  work  on  their  claims  near  Silver  City,  Quite 
a  number  of  new  dwellings  are  being  put  up  at  Sil- 
ver City  and  Mammoth,  and  the  people  of  these 
rich  camps  look  forward  to  a  season  of  growth  and 
prosperity.  The  fine  weather  of  the  past  few  days 
has  caused  the  feet  of  the  prospectors  to  itch,  and 
many  are  striking  off  into  the  mountains  and  can- 
yons in  search  of  pay  dirt.  Since  the  strike  of  ore 
in  the  mountains  beyond  Homansville,  the  houses 
there  so  long  vacant  are  again  being  occupied,  and 
where  bats  and  the  festive  coyote  have  so  long 
held  sway  is  now  the  scene  of  hopeful  activity.  Ed 
Brim  accidentally  discovered  a  body  of  mica  near 
Silver,  Thursday, 


List  of  Q.  S.  Patents  for  Pacitic  Coast 
Inventors. 

Reported  by  Dewey  &  Oo-,  Pioneer  Patent 
BoUcltors  for  PaclQc  Ooaet. 

FOR  WEEK  ENDING  APRILS,   1890. 

42536s-— Snow  Excavator— D.  B,  Bier,  Wood- 
invihe,  Wash. 

42s. ao6.  — Brake  Block-BuHs  &  Edmonds, 
San  \y\i  g>,  Cal. 

435  207.— Railway  Rail  Joint— E.  J.  Bryne, 
Ft.  Bowie,  A.  T. 

425,122.  — Sail— John  Cook,  S.  F. 

425.126.  — Carriage  Top  Lifter— Jas.  T.  Dy- 
sard,  L.kepori,  Cal, 

425,166.  — Car  Coupling— C,  F.  Francisco,  San 
Dego,  Cal. 

425,169.— Steam  Engine  Valve— Wm.  Gehr- 
ing,  San  Diego.  Cal. 

425  174.— Operating  Elevator  Gates-F.  N. 
Hallett.  Portland,  Or. 

425,386.— Saw  Mill  Set  Works— R.  E.  Nevin. 
S.  F. 

425.106.- Electric  Rotary  PUMP^E.  I.  Nich- 
ols, s  F. 

425,340.- Sprinkler— Jos.  Oswald,  S.  F. 

425. 146.  — RbVERsiBLE  Window  SASH-Reguin 
&  Kingston.  S.  F. 

425.085 —Saw  Guide— T.  Roberts,  Eadonia, 
Washington. 

425,110.  — Marker,  etc.,  for  Stone  Work— 
Eliza  K.  Smith,  S    F 

425,151.— Turntable— J.  C.  H.  Stut,  S.  F. 

425,196.— Saw  Swage— Wheeler  &  Newhouse, 
Corvallis,  Oregon. 

The  following  brief  liafc  by  telegraph,  for  April  15,  will 
appear  more  complete  on  receipt  of  mkil  Eulvlces: 

California— CulIoD  B.  Bingham,  Volcano,  orefeeder; 
William  H.  Blich,  asstt^oor  of  ooe-half  to  C.  J.  Kaiiihin, 
S.  P.,  slieave;  Thomas  A.  Evaaa,  S.  F.,  electiic  railway; 
Robert  Franklin,  Pomona,  hoae  coupling;  Windfield  S. 
Getcbell,  San  Jose,  and  R.  E.  French,  Oakland,  packing' 
for  atutiinfj-boxes;  Qeorpe  Harvey,  Forestville,  atuiup- 
puller;  John  D  Hooker,  Los  Angeles,  means  for  coatiog 
metal  pipes;  George  0.  Kohler.  S.  F.,  baae-ball  gloves; 
Stillmao  A.  Moulton,  Campbell,  tray  for  drying  fruit; 
Louis  Shaffer,  Oakland,  ventilating  outlet  for  refrigera- 
tor chambers, 

Notb.— Copies  of  U.  3.  and  Foreign  patents  furnished 
by  Dewey  &  Co.,  in  the  ahorteat  time  possible  (by  mall 
or  telegraphic  order).  American  and  Foreign  patenta 
obtained,  and  general  patent  business  for  Pacifio  Coast 
inventors  transacted  with  perfect  security,  at  reasonable 
rates,  and  In  the  shortest  possible  time. 


Notices  of  Recent  Patents. 

Among  the  patents  recently  obtained  through 
Dewey  &  Co. 'a  Soientifio  Press  U.  S.  and 
Foreign  Patent  Agency,  the  following  are 
worthy  of  special  mention: 

Mold  for  Making  Concrete  Continu- 
ously.— Ernest  L,  Ransome,  S.  F.  No.  424,- 
656.  Dated  April  1,  1890.  This  invention  re- 
lates to  an  improvement  in  the  manafaoture  of 
oonorete  molds  for  sub-ways;  and  it  consists 
sBsentially  of  a  oontinuoasly^moring  mold  about 
which  the  concrete  is  constantly  tamped  while 
it  ia  in  motion.  In  a  former  patent,  too,  the 
same  inventor  is  shown  a  mold  adapted  to  be 
moved  forward  to  a  certain  point  and  to  remain 
stationary  while  the  material  is  being  tamped 
and  compacted  about  it,  after  which  the  mold 
la  loosened  and  again  moved  forward  and  again 
expanded  after  it  has  reached  the  point  where 
the  next  section  is  to  be  completed.  Mr.  Rin- 
some  has  found  by  experience  that  if  the  mold 
is  moved  continuously  at  a  alow  rate  of  apeed 
while  the  work  is  being  carried  on,  and  with- 
out any  contraction  of  its  aide  for  this  purpose 
during  the  progress  of  the  work,  a  great  im- 
provement in  the  work  ia  produced.  By  the 
improved  method,  as  the  concrete  is  filled  in 
and  compacted,  the  friction  oauaed  by  drawing 
the  mold  over  and  through  the  concrete  serves 
to  smooth  it  down,  producing  altogether  a  very 
superior  and  more  finished  reault ;  and  as  no 
delays  are  necessary  to  move  the  mold  and  set 
it  again  for  its  work,  it  will  be  manifest  that 
the  work  will  be  greatly  accelerated  and  cheap- 
ened. 

Automatic  Gable  Lifter  for  Cable  Rail- 
wArs.— John  C.  H.  Stut,  S.'F.  No.  424,832. 
Dated  April  1,  1890.  The  invention  relates 
specially  to  those  devioea  which  are  uaed  for 
raising  the  cable  into  the  jaws  of  the  grip  of 
cable  oara.  Ordinarily,  when  the  car  ia  run- 
ning, its  atop  is  made  by  releasing  the  cable 
from  the  clamping  effect  of  the  grip  but  with- 
out dropping  the  cable  from  the  j%wp;  but  at 
certain  localities — at  turn-tables,  the  termini  of 
the  road,  and  at  orossinge — it  is  neoeaeary  to 
oast  out  the  cable  from  the  j  aws,  ao  ae  to  wholly 
diaconnect  the  grip,  and  it  then  becomes  neces- 
sary when  the  oar  is  to  start  again  to  lift  the 
cable  up  into  the  jiwa  of  the  grip.  It  is  the 
obj  3ct  of  this  invention  to  provide  a  simple  and 
eflfactive  automE^tioally  operating  device  for 
raising  the  cable,,.and  to  this  end  the  invention 
consists  In  a  lifting  roller  mounted  in  the  tube 
or  tunnel  under  thp  cable,  a  lever  In  the  tube 
and  traversing  the  Hne-of  the  grip-slot,  so  that 
as  the  grip  passes  the  lever  is  thrown  to  one 
aide,  and  suitable  connection  between  the  lever 
and  the  roller  whereby  the  roller  is  raised  to 
lift  the  cable  in^  the  jaws  of  the  grip. 

TuRNTAB^^Johq^vOh.  H.  Stut,  S.  F.  No. 
425.151,  ^ated  April.8,'lS90.  Thia  invention 
relatea  to  Ah-'improved  oonstruction  for  turn- 
tables which-  are  specially  applicable  for  use 
upon  cable  railways  where  It  ia  necessary  to 
transfer  a  oar  from  one  track  upon  which  it  ar- 
rives at  the  table  to  another  track  upon  which 
it  is  moved  in  another  direction  after  leaving 
the  table.  The  object  of  the  invention  is  to 
provide  a  turning-table  ao  shallow  in  depth  that 
it  will  allow  the  endless  traveling  cable  to  pass 
beneath  it  without  ohange  of  direction  while 


a  slotted  tube  or  tubes  are  built  into  the  top  of 
the  table,  so  that  the  grip  may  pass  through 
after  letting  go  the  cable.  By  building  the 
table  of  angle-iron  or  steel  girders  and  top  and 
bottom  plates,  and  uniting  the  girder  with  the 
tubular  channel  which  extends  across  the  table, 
and  forming  the  bottom  of  the  channel  in  a 
peculiar  way,  the  inventor  is  enabled  to  make 
the  table  very  thin  and  strong  and  to  build  into 
the  table  the  tubular  channel  or  ohannels 
through  which  the  grips  and  grip  shanks  may 
pass  when  disengaged  from  the  cable,  while  the 
latter  is  allowed  to  pass  below  the  table  with- 
out any  ohange  of  direction  from  its  ordinary 
line  of  travel. 

Sail.— John  Cook,  S.  F.  No.  425,122. 
Dited  Aprils,  1890.  The  essential  object  of 
this  invention  is  to  provide  a  sail  of  increased 
capacity  and  at  the  same  time  so  oonstrnoted 
and  arranged  as  to  place  the  center  of  the  wind 
force  at  as  low  a  point  as  possible,  whereby  the 
greatest  stability  ia  given  to  the  boat  and  the 
danger  due  to  a  aail  of  great  dimeoBions  avoided. 
This  sail  has  the  general  confignration  of  an 
elongated  parallelogram,  differing  therefrom 
only  in  a  slight  convergence  of  the  sides  of  the 
Bail  forward,  so  that  it  is  a  little  narrower  at 
its  forward  end.  There  Is  a  boom  or  spar  at 
both  top  and  bottom,  and  braces  or  atretcber- 
bars  separate  these  spars.  These  atretoher- 
bars  converge  near  the  mast  and  the  ends  are 
secured  upon  an  eyebolt  from  which  a  line 
leads  down  to  the  foot  of  the  maat.  &y  pulling 
upon  this  line,  the  stretcher-bars  are  pulled  in 
toward  the  maet,  thereby  straightening  them 
and  raising  the  upper  boom  or  spar,  keeping  the 
sail  tightly  stretched.  The  pivotal  connection 
of  this  sail  with  the  maat  enables  it  to  be  turned 
at  right  angles  in  front  of  the  mast,  when  the 
boat  is  aaihng  before  the  wind  or  at  any  angle 
when  the  boat  is  beating  or  tacking.  The 
stretcher-bars  or  braces  keep  thia  sail  very 
flat, 

Saw-Mill  Set  Works.— Robert  E.  Nevin, 
S.  F.,  assignor  to  the  Vulcan  Iron  Works.  No. 
425,386.  Dated  April  8,  1890.  Thia  oonaiets 
in  the  combination,  with  the  carriage,  of  oppo- 
sitely rotating  ratchet-wheels  connected,  re- 
spectively, with  pinions  whereby  the  setting- 
gear  is  moved  constantly  in  one  direction,  a 
lever  and  pawls  whereby  the  ratchet-wheels  are 
moved,  stops  by  which  the  movement  of  the 
lever  and  the  amount  of  set  is  regulated,  and 
foot-levera  and  mechanism  (or  operating  the 
stops,  and  a  meana  whereby  the  pawls  may  be 
thrown  out  of  engagement  with  the  ratchets. 


Mining  Share  Market. 

The  mining  share  market  has  been  active  throufih- 
out  the  past  week,  with  Chollar  and  Potosi  the 
leaders  on  a  break-neck  down  move.  The  whole 
market,  like  a  kite's  tail,  moves  in  sympathy.  Those 
of  ^our  patrons  who  took  warning  from  our  last 
week's  remarks  that  although  "this  is  a  growing 
market  yet  there  would  be  setbacks  and,  at  limes, 
in  the  leaders  decided  breaks,"  and  sold  out,  did 
well.  This  opinion  we  still  adhere  to.  It  is  based 
on  important  work  now  going  on  in  the  mines. 
The  decline  the  past  week  was  engineered  by  the 
pool  through  well-distributed  cross-orders.  While 
crossing  orders  to  put  prices  down,  they  had  brok- 
ers quietly  taking  in  every  share  of  actual  stock  of-  ' 
fared  for  sale,  paying  higher  than  was  bid.  The 
pointers,  as  usual,  worked  the  street  to  sell.  Yes- 
terday (Wednesday)  the  market  closed  very  weak, 
but  this  morning  it  opened  strong  at  an  advance. 
Alter  the  regular  Call,  prices  were  still  higher,  with 
some  stock,  marking  an  advance  of  $i  a  share  over 
yesterday's  closing  prices.  Chollar  and  Potosi  are 
still  in  the  lead.  The  outside  stocks  are  dull,  with 
no  trading  of  consequence  reported  in  them. 

It  is  now  claimed  that  a  gentleman  who  has  dis- 
posed of  his  interests  in  the  late  Alaska  Fur  Com-  ■ 
pany  has  joined  the  Comstock  pool,  throwing,  so  it 
1-;  said,  his  interest  with  the  north-end  manipulators. 
From  the  mines  our  advices  report  that  in  the  Potosi 
winze  they  are  in  high-grade  ore  on  one  side,  with 
porphyry  on  the  other  side.  The  assay  goes  higher 
than  was  reported  by  Mr.  W.  E.  Sharon  and  Coi. 
Boyle  when  they  inspected  the  mines  last  week. 
They  reported  two  feet  of  ore  assaying  $ioo  a  foot. 
They  also  said  that  from  appearance,  with  more 
work,  the  find  might  lead  into  a  large  body  of  rich 
ore.  In  Chollar  there  is  an  improvement.  In  Con. 
Imperial  important  work  has  been  commenced, 
which  this  week's  letter  does  not  mention.  This 
probably  accounts  for  the  five-cent  assessment  on  the 
stock.  A  few  months  ago  the  company  took  out  ore 
which  they  milled  to  test  its  quality,  confirming  our 
statement  that  on  the  upper  level  they  had  run  into 
a  ten-foot  ledge  of  good  to  rich  ore.  Private  ad- 
vices state  that  in  the  Challenge-Confidence  joint 
work  now  going  on  they  ran  into  ore  going  over  $50 
a  ton.  Official  letters  received  from  the  two  mines 
report  that  in  the  raise  from  the  300-foot  level  and 
the  raise  from  the  500-foot  level  they  are  in  good  ore. 

Our  advices  report  a  general  improvement  in  the 
Gold  Hill  mines,  although  Crown  Point's  official 
letter  reports  the  pulp  assay  the  past  week  over  $4  a 
ton  less  than  for  the  preceding  week.  Belcher  re- 
ports being  in  ore  on  two  levels.  Our  advices  from 
the  North  End  mines  are  of  the  most  encouraging 
character.  A  Virginia  City  cotemporary  says: 
Already  sufficient  has  been  revealed  in  Ophir,  Chol- 
lar, Potosi  and  Overman  to  revive  such  interest  in 
the  Comstock  lode  as  will  enable  the  energetic  pros- 
ecution of  work  for  another  two  years  in  the  mines, 
during  which  time  we  may  reasonably  hope  to  strike 
other  ore  bodies.  The  work  of  draining  the  Gold 
Hill  mines  is  another  important  factor  in  interesting 
speculators  in  mining.  By  draining  those  mines  to 
the  2200  level  a  block  of  rich  mineral  ground,  where- 
in very  little  prospecting  has  been  done,  Soo  feet 
deep,  700  feet  wide,  and  nearly  a  mile  in  length, 
will  be  added  to  our  resources. 


A  Tint  Hour  Glass  containing  gold-dust 
instead  of  sand  ia  the  latest  pendant  for  a 
chain. 


268 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


April  19,  1890 


LQechaj^igal  Progress 


The  Future  of  Nickel  Steel. 

Soma  moBt  remarkable  statementa,  of  great 
interest  to  the  steel  trade,  were  reoently  made 
by  Mr.  S.  J.  Kitchie,  the  welUknown  head  of 
large  American  copper  and  iron  intereeta  in 
Ci&nada.  We  cannot  do  batter  than  reproduce 
them  aubstantially  aa  given: 

*' Within  the  laat  year  nickel  baa  come  to 
asaame  a  very  important  place  in  metallurgy  as 
an  alloy  with  eteel.  Theae  reaulta  have  been 
obtained  in  Great  Britain,  in  France  and  in 
Germany.  In  France  the  cartridge  sheila  are 
made  of  an  alloy  of  equal  parte  of  nickel  and 
copper.  In  Great  Britain  large  guna  for  the 
navy  are  being  made  of  an  alloy  of  nickel  and 
steel.  This  haa  alao  been  done  in  an  experi- 
mental way  in  Germany,  but  heretofore  and 
before  the  discovery  of  nickel  depoaits  in  Ciu- 
ada,  the  supply  of  nickel  was  ao  small  and  the 
price  so  high  it  woald  have  been  impossible  to 
supply  any  considerable  want,  even  had  its 
utility  been  known.  The  Iron  and  Steel  Inati* 
tnte  of  Great  Britain  is  composed  of  the  most 
prominent  manufacturera  of  steel,  both  in 
Great  Britain  and  upon  the  Continent,  and  it 
has  at  its  meetinga  many  American  manufact- 
urers. The  discuesiona  at  ita  annual  meetings 
represent  the  beat  talent  and  skill  in  everything 
pertaining  to  iron  and  steel  that  is  to  be  had 
in  the  world,  and  its  conclnelons  are  the  high- 
est authority  to  which  we  can  appeal, 

'*  About  one  year  ago  this  institute  appointed 
one  of  its  most  competent  members,  a  manager 
of  the  Sbeel  Co.  of  Scotland,  to  make  an  exten- 
sive seriea  of  experimenta  with  thia  alloy.  This 
he  did,  and  reported  the  reaults  of  his  efforts 
to  the  meeting  of  the  institute  held  in  London 
May  S,  1SS9,  The  report  has  attracted  the 
attention  of  steel  manufacturers  all  over  the 
world.  No  result  approaching  the  high  elaatic 
limits  and  breaking  strain  of  those  reported 
from  this  alloy  had  ever  before  been  seen.  I 
myself  saw  a  piece  of  thia  steel,  made  bv  the 
house  of  Willi&m  Jeasup  &  Sons  of  Sbtffiald, 
which  contained  about  six  per  cent  of  nickel, 
and  which  was  one  inch  square,  that  sustained 
a  weight  of  lOS  tons,  and  also  showed  a  high 
elastic  limit.  Theae  reaulta  were  so  wonderful 
that  parties  in  Europe,  who  manufacture  euna 
and  armor  platea  for  the'tbree  principal  Gov 
erumenta,  have  offered  to  contract  for  our  com- 
panies' entire  production  for  a  period  of  ten 
years.  The  proportioos  of  copper  and  nickel  in 
the  orea  belonging  to  our  comnanies  are  just 
about  thoae  used  by  the  French  Government  in 
the  manufacture  of  cartridge  shells.  The  pro- 
portions of  iron  and  nickel  are  about  what  are 
used  in  nickel-steel,  which  it  is  proposed  to  use 
in  the  manufacture  of  guna  and  armor  plate." 

It  is  nnderatood  that  Mr,  Ritchie  laat  sum- 
mer  visited  the  principal  iron  and  steel  worka 
of  Great  Britain  and  the  Continent,  and  that 
the  above  atatementa  are  baaed  upon  actual  in- 
vestigations. Certainly  his  statements  indicate 
earlv  and  most  important  developments  in  the 
steel  industry. 

Amount  of  Friction  Between  Different 
Bodies. 

One  of  the  plainest  statements  in  regard  to 
this  matter  is  given  in  one  of  G  rimsha w'e 
*'  Handy  Little  Books  for  Practical  Men,"  about 
in  the  following  terms:  The  ratio  obtained  by 
dividing  the  entire  force  of  friction  by  the 
normal  pressure  is  called  the  co-efficient  fric- 
tion. Hence  we  may  define  the  unit,  or  co- 
cffiQient,  of  friction  to  be  the  friction  due  to  a 
normal  pressure  of  one  pound.  In  accordance 
with  the  above  definition,  then,  the  following 
values  of  the  co-efficient  of  friction  for  different 
surfaces  in  contact  have  been  established  (the 
higher  the  numerical  value  of  this  co-efficient, 
the  greater  is  the  friction): 

CO-EFFICIKNTS  OF  FRICTION. 

Iron  on  oak  62 

Cast  iron  on  oak 49 

Oak  on  oak  (fibers  parallal) 48 

Oak  on  oak  (e;rtased).    10 

Cast  iron  on  cast  iron 15 

Wrought  iron  on  wrought  iron 14 

Brass  on  iron 16 

Braaa  on  brags 20 

Wrought  iron  on  cast  iron 19 

Cast  iron  od  elm 19 

Solt  limestone  on  aime 64 

Hard  litneBtone  on  sama 33 

Laather  belts  on  woiden  pulleys : 47 

Leather  bslta  on  cast  iron  puUej-s 28 

Caet  iron  on  cast  iron  (greased) 10 

Ptvota  or  axles  of  wrought  or  cast  iron  on 
brass  or  cast>iron  pillows: 

1.     When  constantly  supplied  wjth  oil ,.  .05 

2     When  greased  from  time  to  time OS 

3,    Without  any  application 15 

To  Test  Enameled  Ironware  for  Lead, 
take  ordinary  vinegar,  which  dilute  with  four 
timea  ita  weight  of  water,  and  to  which  add 
five  per  cent  of  table  salt.  The  solution  ie 
poured  into  the  veaael  and  left  in  it  for  12 
hours  at  ordinary  temperature.  At  this  time 
the  liquid  is  examined  for  lead  by  means  of 
snlphiae  of  ammonium.  If  the  liquid  acquires 
a  black  or  dark-brown  color,  the  enamel  ia  dan- 
gerous; if  the  color  is  only  light-yellow  or 
light-brown,  the  vessels  may  be  uaed. 

Bronzing  Iron  or  Steel  — Some  German 
artiains  have  introduced  a  method  of  bronzing 
iron  or  steel  surfaces  in  such  a  way  aa  to  pre- 
vent the  poaaibility  of  rust.  The  object  to  be 
acted  upon  muat  be  free  of  all  oxidation  or 
other  imparity,  and  ia  exposed  for  two  or  three 


minutes  to  the  vapors  of  a  heated  mixture  of 
hydrochloric  acid  and  nitric  acid,  in  equal  pro- 
portions, at  a  temperature  of  from  550"  to  650° 
F.  After  cooling,  the  objecta  are  rubbed  over 
with  vaseline  and  again  heated  until  the  vase- 
line begins  to  decompose;  this  treatment  with 
the  vaseline  ia  repeated  once.  Should  a  lighter 
coloting  be  deaired,  it  ia  produced  by  mixing 
acetic  acid  with  the  other  acids. 


A  New  Kind  of  Water  Pipe,  which  has  re- 
cently been  put  upon  the  European  'market,  ia 
described  in  a  German  journal.  The  pipes  are 
made  of  glass,  about  0.2  inch  thick,  and  have 
an  asphalt  coating  about  0  4  inch  thick,  with 
fine  gravel  on  the  outside.  The  purpose  of  the 
asphalt  coating  ia  to  prevent  fracture  of  the 
pipes.  The  latter  are  designed  to  supplant 
wooden,  earthenware  or  cement  pipes,  and  also 
lead  and  iron  service  pipes,  the  advantages 
claimed  for  them  being  thorough  resistance 
against  the  moisture  in  the  ground,  and  against 
the  action  of  acids  and  alkalies.  They  are, 
moreover,  impervions  to  gaaes,  and  are  claimed 
to  afford  little  opportunity  to  the  formation  of 
incrnatations.  What  results  the  pipes  will 
give  in  practice  remains  to  be  determined, 
Glass  pipes  have  been  made  in  thia  country; 
but  the  asphalt  covering  ia  something  new,  and 
no  doubt  a  very  great  improvement, 

Steam  Tramways  on  City  Streets  — Steam 
tramways  are  vary  common  in  Eagliah  cities, 
but  do  not  meet  with  much  favor  in  this  conn- 
try.  They  are  speedy,  emit  neither  smoke  nor 
steam,  run  noiaeleaaly,  and  altogether  give  gen- 
eral satiafaction.  The  engine  and  boiler  ia  of 
an  ordinary  type  and  is  boxed  in.  The  ex- 
haust steam  ia  condensed  by  being  passed 
through  about  300  copper  tubes  on  the  roof  of 
the  engine,  the  water  of  condenaation  flawing 
to  a  feed-tank  and  is  pumped,  still  hot,  into 
the  boiler.  Coke  is  burned,  the  average  con 
sumption  being  10  to  15  pounds  per  mile,  and 
the  total  working  expenses,  including  wagea. 
depreciation  of  engines  and  other  items,  are  S^ 
cents  per  mile. 

Ten-Wheeled  Locomotives, — The  Bildwin 
Locomotive  Works  are  to  build  for  the  Erie 
Railway  Company  three  more  of  the  large  ten- 
wheel  passenger  locomotives  of  the  same  type 
aa  those  recently  built  for  that  road.  The 
Railroad  Gazette  says  these  engines  represent 
the  heaviest  class  of  passenger  motors  in  serv- 
ice, and  their  use  increases  the  belief  that  the 
six-wheeled  coupled  locomotive  will  ba  the  en- 
gine adopted  for  heavy  express  service  in  the 
near  future.  These  locomotii'ea  have  20  by 
24  inch  cylinder,  6S-iooh  drivers,  weight 
127.000  lbs.  exclusive  of  tender,  and  have  9T.000 
lbs.  available  for  adhesion.  They  are  adapted 
for  burning  anthracite  fuel. 

Brick-Maeing  Devices. — In  the  manu- 
facture of  brick,  improved  devices  save  one- 
tenth  of  the  labor,  and  in  the  manufacturing  of 
fire-brick  40  per  cent  of  the  manual  labor  is 
displaced.  Some  idea  of  what  this  means  may 
be  gained  when  it  is  shown  that  aomething  like 
three  thonaand  millions  of  brick  is  the  annual 
output  of  the  United  States,  employing  a  capi- 
tal of  about  §300,000.000.  There  is  no  other 
country  in  the  world  where  brick-making  is 
oariied  on  so  extensively,  or  with  so  much 
skill  and  profit,  as  in  the  United  States. 


Locomotives  for  India. — Fifty  locomotives 
are  being  erected  on  the  Clyde  for  the  South 
Indian  Railway  Co.,  Limited;  the  whole  are  to 
be  shipped  within  the  next  six  months.  It  ia 
further  stated  in  regard  to  India  railways  that 
a  proposal  is  under  consideration,  by  the  Eist 
Indian  Council,  to  convert  all  the  narrow- 
gauge  lines  of  railway  in  India  to  broad  gauge 
lines,  at  a  cost  of  about  $100,000,000. 


Welding  Steel  to  Brass. — It  is  said  that 
successful  experiments  have  been  made  in  weld- 
ing steel  to  brass  by  the  electric-welding  proc- 
ess, and  in  such  a  manner  that  the  steel  will  split 
longitudinally  without  afi'ecting  the  welding. 
The  aim  iato  weld  brass  boiler-fines  to  steel  safe 
ends,  which  is  of  much  importance,  aa  steel 
will  stand  a  higher  degree  of  heat  than  braes. 

New  Uses  for  Rawhide. — The  new-process 
rawhide,  which  is  being  introduced  for  gears  so 
satisfactorily,  is  also  being  made  into  cbiael* 
handles  and  mallets.  In  this  shape  it  finds  ad- 
mirable adaptation,  being  handsome,  receiving 
a  fine  polish,  light,  elastic,  and  may  be  turned 
or  molded  into  any  shape. 

BLisr  Furnaces. — The  prodnctive  capacity 
of  blast  furnaces  in  the  United  Stiates  continues 
at  about  175.000  tons  a  week,  haviog  hovered 
about  that  figure  for  the  past  60  days.  The 
number  of  rolling-mills  and  steel  works  ia  445, 
and  11  are  now  in  process  of  construction. 

Iron  Bolts  exposed  to  the  action  of  rain- 
water in  bridges  over  the  Thames  have  in  25 
years  been  eaten  away  from  an  original  diam- 
eter of  rtths  to  one  of  5  IGths  of  an  inch,  which 
is  a  reduction  in  area  of  cross-section  of  75 
per  cent. 

English  Stoves. — Euglieh  stove  manufact- 
urers construct  the  bottom  grates  for  their 
fires  BO  aa  to  be  adjustable,  and  thus  they  can 
make  a  fire  shallow  or  deep,  or  may  spread  a 
thin  vertical  fire  against  a  front  grate. 

Probably  the  first  compound  locomotive  was 
built  by  William  Baxter,  in  Newark.  N.  J.  It 
was  in  practical  use  as  long  ago  as  1S70. 


SeiENTiFie  Pf^ocbress. 


steady    Exliaustion    of    the    Earth's 
Mineral  Supplies. 

The  enormous  demands  of  modern  industry 
are  making  most  rapid  inroads  into  almost  all 
the  varioua  minerals  of  the  earth — demands  far 
greater  than  have  been  made  in  any  past  cent- 
nry.  The  Journal  of  Man,  in  alluding  to  this 
matter,  say  a: 

It  is  not  merely  that  the  absolute  quantity  of 
the  earth's  mineral  wealth  used  up  yearly  by 
civilized  races  is  large,  but  that  the  proportion 
of  this  annual  consumption  to  the  entire  store 
ia  extravagant,  in  view  of  the  length  of  time 
over  which  the  store  ought  to  last,  unless  the 
future  of  our  race  is  to  b3  much  briefer  than 
we  have  any  reason  to  expect.  Let  us  take 
man's  use  of  the  earth's  buried  stores  of  coal 
and  oil  as  illustrations  of  the  processes  of  ex- 
haustion. It  has  been  estimated  that  beneath 
the  earth's  crust  there  lie  about  S. 000,000,000,- 
000  cubic  yards  of  coal  at  depths  rendering 
them  available  for  the  use  of  man;  in  round 
numbers  this  would  be  a  little  over  7.000,000,- 
000.000  tons  of  coal.  Of  this  store  Great  Brit- 
ain has  available  for  use  about  a  fiftieth  part, 
or,  more  exactly,  according  to  the  best  esti* 
mates,  145,000,000.000  tons.  This  is  an  exoep- 
tionaliy  large  supply  for  an  area  so  small.  Yet 
Great  Britain,  which  his  not  yet  reached  either 
the  fullness  of  its  growth  or  the  full  develop- 
ment of  its  civilization,  consumes  already  each 
year  more  than  150,000.000  tous  of  coal,  a  rate 
of  consumption  which  would  fully  exhaust  her 
supply  in  a  little  over  90O  years — a  mere  moiety 
of  time  compared  with  the  duration  of  man  on 
the  earth  in  the  past. 

Thus  a  people  who  may  be  regarded  as  typi- 
cal of  modern  civilizition,  supplied  by  nature 
with  a  hundred  times  more  wealth  in  coal  than 
the  area  of  their  country  would  entitle  them  to 
expect,  are  spending  their  share  of  this  form 
of  burled  wealth  (really  buried  life)  at  such  a 
rate  that  the  exhaustion  of  the  region  they  oc- 
cupy will  be  completed  in  less  than  a  thou- 
sandth part  of  even  that  period  (i  million 
year()  which  science  regards  as  the  time  unit 
by  which  the  earth's  future  is  to  be  measured. 
It  is  not  likely  any  other  region  of  the  earth 
will  remain  much  longer  stored  with  coal  than 
Great  Britain.  Elsewhere  there  are  immense 
supplies,  and  as  yet,  where  these  large  aupplles 
exist,  the  human  race  is  not  so  closely  crowded 
as  it  is  in  Great  Britain;  but  wherevar  the  earth 
is  thus  well  stored,  the  population  is  growing 
in  density,  and  at  rates  showing  that  in  less 
than  two  centuries  the  population  per  equare 
mile  will  be  greater  than  in  Eagland, 

So  far  as  coal  ia  concerned,  the  outlook  is 
that  the  earth's  buried  stores  will  be  entirely 
exhausted  in  less  than  2000  years.  If  wa  re- 
member that  the  consumption  of  coal  is  an  in- 
dex of  the  rate  at  which  the  other  mineral 
stores  are  being  exhausted,  that  coal  is  not 
merely  being  used  in  the  direct  work  of  civil- 
ization, but  in  procuring  the  materials  by 
which  that  work  is  continued,  we  cannot  fail  to 
aee  that  other  portions  of  the  earth's  stored 
wealth  must  also  be  undergoing  a  similar  proc- 
ess of  rapid  exhaustion.  As  a  matter  of  fact, 
all  other  forms  of  stored  wealth  are  also  being 
exhausted  at  spendthrift  rates;  many  are  being 
exhausted  far  more  rapidly  even  than  coal,  and 
some  are  being  exhausted  so  rapidly  that  their 
future  duration  may  be  counted  by  years 
rather  than  by  canturiea. 

The  Hight  of  Sea  Waves. — The  theory  of 
the  late  Capt.  Scoresby  as  to  the  hight  of  sea 
waves  appears  to  be  nntenable,  judging  by  the 
reports  of  the  fearful  weather  which  has  re- 
oently prevailed  on  the  Atlantic.  We  now 
know,  says  Iron,  London,  that  powerful  pas- 
senger steamera  have  had  their  bulwarks  shat- 
tered, their  deck  ladders  torn  away,  their 
boats  wrenched  from  their  davits  and  the 
iron  davits  themselves  twisted  like  pin 
wire.  Now,  the  boats  of  such  vessels  are 
swung  high  aloft  above  the  deck.  There 
fore  the  seas,  which  smashed  them  into  match- 
wood and  twisted  the  davits  from  which  they 
were  torn,  muat  have  baen  of  greater  elevation 
than  26  feet  (the  max  mum  hight  according  to 
Scoresby).  Not  very  long  ago  the  Ssrvia 
was  the  largest  and  most  powerful  passenger 
steamer  afloat.  Seen  on  smooth  water  in  her 
ordinary  trim,  her  towering  hight  appears  to 
render  her  secure  against  being  boarded  by  any 
wave,  yet  on  one  occasion  a  leaning  sea  struck 
her  with  such  violence  that  it  fiittened  one  of 
her  huge  funnels.  The  hight  of  the  wave  muat 
have  been  nearer  50  than  26  feet.  The  other 
week  the  Dundee  screw-liner  Croma  arrived  at 
New  York  in  a  sea-battered  condition,  and  re- 
ported fearful  weather.  She  bad  actually 
shipped  a  sea  down  her  funnel — an  elevation  of 
56  feet  above  the  ordinary  water  level.  If 
steamers  having  a  fair  degree  of  buoyancy  meet 
with  such  experience,  what  wonder  is  it  that 
heavy  cargo  ettamers  like  the  National  line 
steamship  Erin,  their  decks  loaded  with  cattle, 
occasionally  go  to  the  bottom  ? 

Trained  Sensitiveness. — It  is  very  remark- 
able to  observe  the  keenness  to  which  the  various 
aeneea  can  be  edacated.  Some  blind  persons 
can  by  the  sense  of  touch  in  their  tongue  guide 
a  thread  into  the  eye  of  a  needle.  Same  watch- 
makers can  ascertain  if  a  watch  is  running  ac- 
curately within  reasonable  limit  by  holdiog  the 
watch  to  their  ear  and  at  the  same  time  watch- 
ing the  vibration  of  the  pendulum  of  a  standard 


clock.  The  carefully-trained  pilot  in  a  fog  or 
dark  night  will  depend  upon  his  hearing  to  tell 
him  when  he  is  approaching  an  inviaible  object 
of  any  considerable  size  which  projects  above  the 
water,  aa  he  will  inetantly  notice  a  change  of  echo 
of  the  noise  made  by  his  veaael.  Some  engineers, 
trained  to  the  sound  of  their  engine,  will  notice 
a  very  slight  difference  in  the  working  of  any 
part  by  the  change  of  sound,  even .  when  they 
are  engaged  in  other  work  and  apparently  not 
listening  to  any  noise. 


A  Problem  IN  Astronomy  Possibly  Solved. 
The  curious  suggestion  made  by  S.  E.  Peal 
of  Assam,  India,  in  demonstrating  that  Green, 
land  is  covered  by  a  huge  ice  cap,  may  have 
unconsciously  solved  an  interesting  problem  in 
astronomy.  It  has  long  been  noticed  that  the 
polar  caps  of  Mars  are  not  diametrically  oppo- 
site, the  southern  one  not  being  centrally 
placed  over  the  axis  of  rotation,  and  it  now 
appears  that  a  like  anomaly  may  exist  on  the 
earth.  In  Antarctic  waters  are  seen  immense 
fiat'topped  bergs  of  ice  2000  feet  high  and  sev- 
eral miles  long,  which  are  evidently  fragments 
broken  from  a  permanent  cap  directly  over 
the  south  pole;  while  in  the  Arctic  regions  thin 
field  ice  preponderates  and  bears  out  the  as- 
sertion that  the  north  pole  is  covered  by  a  deep 
aea,  quite  free  from  islands,  in  which  the  ice 
finds  no  anchorage,  and  is  floating  and  tempo- 
rary. Nansen's  recent  expedition,  therefore, 
may  result  in  proving  that  the  Greenland  con- 
tinent underlies  one  of  the  two  polar  ice  caps 
of  the  earth,  and  in  giving  a  clew  to  the  condi- 
tion of  Mars  by  showing  a  closer  resemblance 
to  onr  planet  than  had  been  before  observed. 


Compressibility  OF  Water. — The  latest  vol- 
ume of  the  reports  of  the  Challenger  expedition 
contains  a  determination,  by  Prof.  Tait,  of  the 
compressibility  of  fresh  and  salt  water  at  dif- 
ferent temperatures  and  pressures.  It  is 
shown  that  the  depth  of  a  sea  about  six  miles 
deep  is  reduced  620  feet  by  oompression.  If 
the  ocean  were  incompressible,  the  level  of  the 
surface  would  be  116  feet  higher  than  it  is  at 
present,  and  about  2,000,000  square  miles  of 
land  would  be  submerged.  The  average  oom- 
pressibility  of  salt  water  is  about  0  92  of  that 
of  fresh  water.  At  atmospherio  preesure,  the 
temperature  of  minimum  compressibility  of 
freah  water  ia  140  degrees  P.,  and  of  salt 
water  133  degrees.  Tue  temperature  of  the 
greatest  density  of  water  ia  reduced  to  freezinc; 
point  under  a  pressure  of  2  14  tone  per  square 
inch,  the  freezing  point  then  being  27, 7S  degrees. 

Ice  as  a  Conductor  of  Heat. — That  ice  is 
a  conductor  of  heat  ia  proved  by  the  fact  that 
if  a  mass  of  transparent  ice  be  fashioned  in 
the  shape  of  a  lens,  it  will  act  just  as  a  burn- 
ing-glass; and  with  such  a  lens,  combustible 
aubatances  like  cotton,  gunpowder,  etc.,  may 
readily  be  set  on  fire  if  they  are  held  at  the 
focus  of  the  ice  leneand  the  solar  rays  are  di- 
rected upon  them  by  properly  holding  the  lens 
to  receive  and  transmit  them.  Of  course  ice, 
in  its  normal  condition,  is  a  very  poor  conduc- 
tor. Bat  there  is  no  substance  that  oan  be 
said  to  be  absolutely  a  non-conductor.  They 
all  conduct  more  or  leas  of  it,  differing  only  in 
the  degree  of  oonductivity.  Ice,  however, 
will  transmit  heat  quite  freely. 


Another  Saccharine  Sugar  from  Cotton- 
seed Meal. — The  latest  reported  discovery  in 
connection  with  the  cotton-seed  comes  from 
Garmany,  where  it  is  said  a  process  has  been 
discovered  for  extracting  sugar  from  cotton- 
seed meal.  The  sugar  is  of  a  very  superior 
grade,  but  cannot  be  sold  in  competition  with 
the  ordinary  article.  It  is  said  to  be  inclined 
to  ferment  or  sour,  and  hence  better  for  use  in 
preserving  fruits.  It  is  said  to  be  15  times 
sweeter  than  oane  sugar. 


The  Elements,  —  There  appears  to  be  a 
growing  tendency  among  chemists  to  regard 
the  different  '* elements"  as  simply  varying  ar- 
rangements of  one  original  atom,  produced  at 
successive  stages  and  under  different  conditions 
in  the  process  of  cooling.  Evidence  in  favor  of 
the  hypothesis  is  claimed  by  the  fact  that  some 
earth  elements  seem  not  to  have  yet  been  formed 
in  the  sun,  while  others  are  absent  from  still 
hotter  stars. 

Artificial  Malachite,  —  Some  beaatlfnl 
apecimens  of  artificial  malachite  were  recently 
presented  to  the  French  Academic  des  Sciences. 
They  are  apparently  well  adapted  for  orna- 
mental work,  and  have  been  produced  by  a  proo- 
688  discovered  by  Prof,  de  Sohulten  of  the 
University  of  Helsingfors.  It  consists  in  evap- 
orating a  solution  of  carbonate  of  copper  in 
carbonate  of  ammonia. 


The  Dog, —At  a  late  meeting  of  the  London 
Zoological  Society,  Mr.  A.  D.  Birtlett  read  a 
paper  going  to  show  that  the  varieties  of  the  do- 
meetic  dogowe  their  origin  to  wolves  and  jack- 
als, the  habit  of  barking  having  been  acquired 
under  the  infiaence  of  domestication. 


Saccharine  Detrimental  to  Health. — 
The  use  of  saccharine  in  France  has  been  re- 
stricted, as  its  antiseptic  nature,  when  used  in 
large  quantities,  retards  digestion,  neutralizing 
the  gaatric  juice. 

The  Reindeer. — R  mewed  efforta  have  lately 
been  made  to  acclimatiza  the  reindeer  in  Ger- 
many for  various  purpoaea  ;  but  the  heat  of  the 
bummer  was  too  great  for  the  animals. 


A   "Blood"  Rose. — It  is  said  that  a  new 
loae  has  been  produced  in  soil  made  from  blood. 


Apbil  19,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


269 


SooD  Health, 


Danger  in  Dust. 

UK.s.iB».  EiiiToKs  :  —  As  there  are  «  great 
maoy  people  who  do  oot  believe  in  the  exist* 
ence  of  germs  io  the  air,  I  will  give  yoa  an  io- 
■tanoe  that  came  under  my  obeervatioD  whioh 
ODght  to  oODvinoe  the  moet  skeptioal. 

Sly  brother-in-law,  a  carpenter,  took  a  ood* 
tract  to  poll  down  and  rebaild  the  old  Arcade 
building  situated  on  Second  and  J  streets,  Sac- 
ramento. Iq  doing  this  work  he  inhaled  a 
great  deal  of  daat,  and  very  soon  afterward  be* 
gan  to  oomplain  of  shortaess  of  breath,  then 
■mothering  spells,  in  which  he  was  anable  to 
breathe  unless  he  was  fanned  constantly  and 
the  windows  kept  open. 

The  doctors  pronounced  It  "heart  disease" 
and  advised  bis  family  not  to  leave  him  alooe, 
aa  he  was  liable  to  die  at  any  time. 

He  liof^ered  along  for  two  years,  and  about  a 
month  before  be  died,  began  to  cough  up  blood 
and  mnana.  His  left  lung  was  very  sore  and 
painful;  bis  physicians  said  he  had  taken  cold 
and  had  pneumonia.  After  poulticing  hie  lungs 
three  days,  in  a  violent  fit  of  coughing  he  ejeot- 
ed  a  white  inseot  an  Inch  long;  it  bad  four  legs, 
a  probosoia,  and  eyes  that  resembled  two  tiny 
black  beads. 

The  medical  fraternity  gave  it  as  their  opin- 
ion that  he  inhaled  the  germ  or  egg  in  the  doet 
of  that  baildlng.  Rkadkr, 

S  cret  of  the  Skin. 

Did  it  ever  occur  to  you,  says  a  contempo- 
rary, that  the  skin  wants  exercise  and  gets 
Very  little  ?  Nothing  is  a  better  tonic  for  the 
oomplezioo  than  a  brisk  cold  sponge  bath  on 
rising,  followed  by  vigorous  rubbing  with  a  dry 
towel,  not  too  coarac — the  face  and  neck  re- 
oeiving  their  full  share  of  the  friction  unless  the 
ekin  is  very  sensitive,  in  whioh  case  the  bare 
hands  may  be  the  instrument  instead  of  the 
linen.  This  sets  the  blood  to  moving  briskly 
and  electrifies  the  system.  At  bedtime  a  warm 
bath  may  be  taken,  and  the  face  ehould  be 
washed  slowly,  carefully  and  thoroughly  with 
warm  water  and  castite  soap.  The  oily  matter 
exuding  from  the  akin  catches  minute  particles 
of  dust  which  cannot  be  removed  in  any  other 
way,  and  many  ernptions  on  the  face  are 
caused  by  nothing  else  than  neglect  of  this  ein- 
gle  precaution.  After  this  wholesome  oleans- 
ing,  dip  the  face  into  a  basin  of  clear,  cold 
water,  opening  and  shutting  the  eyes  under  the 
surface,  and  the  fiash  will  be  left  firm  and 
healthy.  The  entire  process  will  take  barely 
ten  minutes  in  the  morning  and  twenty  at 
night,  and  can,  if  needful,  be  taken  from  the 
regular  eleep,  the  bath  being  quite  ae  restful 
and  refreshing. 

Friction  of  the  Skin. 

As  of  further  value  for  friction  of  the  skin. 
Dr.  A.  Fenykovy  of  Berlin,  through  a  medical 
joarnal,  advises  treating  intermittent  fever 
with  friction  along  the  spine.  Many  years  ago 
80  many  cases  of  intermittent  fever  oocarred  in 
his  regiment,  stationed  in  Servia,  that  the  qui* 
nine  supply  was  failing,  when  rubbing  the  back 
twice  daily  with  simple  ointment  was  ordered 
for  certain  patients.  The  day  after,  the  UBual 
attack  did  not  appear.  The  treatment  has 
been  frequently  employed  since,  and  three- 
fourths  ot  this  physician's  cases  have  done  very 
well  without  any  qninine  at  all. 


sons  who  die  every  year  or  become  permanent- 
ly diseased  from  sleeping  in  damp  or  cold  beds, 
they  would  probably  be  astonishing  and  appall 
ing.  It  is  a  peril  that  constantly  busets  trav- 
eling men,  and  if  they  are  wise  they  will  in- 
variably insist  on  having  their  beds  aired  and 
dried,  even  at  the  risk  of  causing  much  trouble 
to  their  landlords.  But  the  peril  resides  in 
the  house,  and  the  oold  "spare  room"  has 
slain  its  thousands  of  hapless  guests,  and  will 
go  on  with  its  slaughter  till  people  learn  wis- 
dom. Not  only  the  guest  but  the  family  often 
suffer  the  penalty  of  sleeping  in  oold  rooms 
and  chilling  their  bodies  at  a  time  when  they 
need  all  of  their  bodily  heat  by  getting  between 
cold  sheets.  Even  in  warm  summer  weather  a 
cold,  damp  bed  wilt  get  in  its  deadly  work.  It 
is  a  needless  peril,  and  the  neglect  to  provide 
dry  rooms  and  beds  has  in  it  the  elements  of 
murder  and  aaioide. — Ex. 


Hypnotism.— A  nnmber  of  London  medioal 
men  have  united  to  form  a  hypnotic  society, 
the  purpose  of  which  will  be  to  prevent  by  law 
public  exhibition  of  mesmerism  and  hypnotism. 
Another  object  will  be  to  study  privately  and 
in  a  Boieutifio  manner  the  phenomena  of  those 
morbid  states. 


Useful  Inforjviation<. 


Milk  from  a  Diseased  Cow.— The  Fresno 
Bepublican  recently  gave  a  brief  report  of  a 
case  in  that  neighborhood  where  a  child  was 
taken  seriously  ill.  The  physician  whom  the 
mother  called  in  decided  that  the  illness  had 
been  caused  by  drinking  the  milk  of  a  diseased 
cow,  and  a  ringworm  on  her  arm  was  ascribed 
to  the  same  source.  The  family  had  been  using 
milk  from  a  neighbor's  cow  which  was  atllicted 
with  an  ulcer  in  her  hintfciuarters,  and  it  is  be- 
lieved that  the  poisonous  matter  in  her  blood 
had  tainted  her  milk.  A  complaiut  was  made 
to  the  City  B^ard  of  Health,  but  inasmuch  as 
the  cow  and  the  owner  lived  outside  the  city 
-  limits,  the  board  had  no  jurisdiotlon.  The  man 
bad  stated  to  several  people  that  his  income 
from  the  milk  of  the  diseased  animal  was  $15  a 
month.  Section  3S3  of  the  Penal  Code  of  Cali- 
fornia reads  as  follows:  "Every  person  who 
knowingly  sella  or  keeps  or  olfera  for  sale,  or 
otherwise  disposes  of,  any  article  of  food,  drink, 
drug  or  medicine,  knowing  that  the  same  has 
become  tainted,  decayed,  spoiled  or  otherwise 
unwholesome  or  unfit  to  be  eaten  or  drank, 
with  intent  to  permit  the  same  to  be  eaten  or 
drank,  is  guilty  of  a  misdemeanor." 

Deaths  from  Lightning. — The  majority  of 
the  deaths  from  lightning  occur  in  the  level, 
open  oountry.  Trees,  villages  and  thickly 
built  ap  towns  and  cities,  by  their  projections 
into  the  air,  which  serve  as  conductors,  pro- 
tect the  inhabitants  from  direct  strokes.  The 
loss  of  life  annually  by  the  lightning  stroke 
throughcnb  the  world  is  great.  In  European 
Raasia,  in  the  seven  years  between  1870  and 
1877,  2270  persons  were  killed.  In  Austria, 
1700  persons  were  killed  during  the  same  period. 
Prussia  averages  70  persons  annually.  In 
France.  10,000  persons  were  struck  in  29  years, 
with  2252  deaths.  In  1S70,  there  were  re- 
oorded  in  the  United  States  202  deaths  from 
lightning.    

The  Deadly  Cold  Bed. — If  trustworthy 
atatistios  conld  be  bad  of  the  number  of  per- 


The  Value  of  Eartu-VVokms. — Darwin  es- 
timated tnat  worms,  by  swallowing  earth  for 
the  sake  of  the  vegetable  matter  it  contains  and 
forming  castings,  bring  to  the  surface  as  much 
as  ten  tons  of  earth  per  annum  on  an  acre. 
Worms  are  great  promoters  of  vegetation  by 
boring,  perforating,  and  loosening  the  soil,  and 
rendering  it  pervious  to  rains  and  the  fibers  of 
plants  by  drawing  straws  and  stalks  of  leaves 
and  twigs  into  it,  and,  most  of  all,  by  throwing 
up  such  infinite  numbers  of  lumps  of  earth 
called  worm  casts,  which  form  a  fine  manure 
for  grain  and  grass.  The  earth  without  worms 
would  soon  beoome  cold,  hardbound,  void  of 
fermentation,  and  consequently  sterile;  this  has 
occurred  in  many  cases  where  the  worms  have 
been  either  accidentally  or  iotentionally 
destroyed,  and  the  fertility  of  the  soil  thus  lost 
has  only  been  restored  when  the  worma  had 
again  collected  and  resumed  their  fertilizing 
work, 

A  Rope  that  wfLL  Float. — A  cork  core 
fioating  rope  has  been  invented.  The  inventor 
claims  that  his  floating  rope  of  one-inoh  thick- 
ness will  stand  a  strain  of  more  than  1000 
pounds.  The  rope  consists  of  a  core  of  small 
round  corks,  about  three  quarters  of  an  inch 
long,  placed  end  to  end,  around  whioh  is 
braided  a  network  of  cotton  twine.  This  is 
surrounded  by  another  layer  of  strong  cotton 
twine,  braided  in  heavy  strands,  which  is  about 
a  quarter  of  an  inch  thick.  The  rope  is  very 
soft  and  pliable,  and  even  after  being  tied  into 
a  small  knot  will  return  to  its  original  shape.  It 
CAD  be  used  in  life  lines  on  life  rafts,  and  as  a 
heaving  line  to  tie  heavy  hawsers  to.  At  a 
life-saving  station  suoh  a  rope  would  be  very 
valuable. 

Another  cheap  and  simple  fuel  discovery  is 
announced  in  Germany,  which  poseeBses  ad- 
vantages that  wilt  tend  to  bring  it  into  uni- 
versal use.  The  process,  whioh  has  been  pat- 
ented at  Munich,  Bivaria,  converts  turf  into  a 
firm  and  highly  valuable  combustible  material 
resembling  anthracite  coal  and  burning  without 
smoke  or  odor.  Through  a  successful  combina- 
tion of  several  oft-tried  processes,  the  cost  of 
production  has  been  brought  down  to  a  point 
that  will  admit  of  a  patent  turf  entering  into 
competition  with  coal. 

Writing  Ink. — C.  H,  Vieldt  of  Brunswick, 
Eng.,  who  has  written  very  exhaustively  on  all 
kinds  of  ink,  divides  the  black  writing  ink  into 
three  varieties,  viz.,  "galls  ink,"  ditto  with 
logwood,  and  ditto  with  indigo.  The  best 
quality  of  these  is,  chemically,  a  ferroso-ferric 
gallate,  or  tadno  gallate  of  iron.  It  is  made  by 
mixing,  according  to  one  maker,  for  12  gallon^ 
of  ink:  12  pounds  of  bruised  blue  Aleppo  galls; 
5  pounds  of  sulphate  of  iron  (green  copperae);  5 
pounds  of  gum  Senegal,  dissolved  in  12  gallono 
of  water. 

A  New  Patent  Umbrella  will  soon  be  on 
the  market.  Its  distiuctiva  feature  will  be  a 
htick  grooved  to  form  a  bed  for  each  one  of  the 
frame  ribs.  The  result  of  this  structural  ar- 
rangement is  said  to  be  a  clear  gain  in  point  of 
weight  and  bulk  upon  the  regulation  article. 
Supporters  of  this  new  patent  claim  that  an 
umbrella  so  made  is,  when  tightly  rolled,  a^ 
light,  as  firm,  and  aa  trim  as  a  medium-sized 
walking-stick,  while  it  lo&es  nothing  in  point  of 
strength  and  durability. 

The  Latest  Nickel  in  the-Slot  has  won- 
derful possibilities.  Ic  is  connected  with  the 
telephone,  and  by  dropping  the  required  coin 
in  the  toll-box  attached  to  the  *phone,  the  con- 
nection is  made  with  central  without  the  pro- 
longed ringing  that  usually  precedes  a  conver- 
sation with  that  dignitary.  At  least,  such 
miraculous  powers  are  claimed  for  this  new  in- 
vention. 

To  Soften  Ivory, — Dr.  Lankester  recom- 
mends phosphoric  acid,  of  the  usual  specific 
gravity,  which  renders  ivory  soft  and  nearly 
plastic.  When  washed  with  water,  pressed, 
and  dried,  the  ivory  regains  its  former  consist- 
ency, and  even  its  microscopic  structure  ie  not 
affected  by  the  prooesB. 


Engijmeef^ing  I^otes. 

The  Cantilever  Principle, 

The  cantilever  principle  in  bridge-building, 
whioh  is  now  so  universally  employed  in  suoh 
structures,  is  not  as  new  as  many  suppose,  A 
Ndw  Yorker  named  Thomas  Pope,  as  early  as 
1811,  published  a  short  treatise  on  bridge- 
building  which  was  primarily  designed  to  set 
forth  the  advantages  of  a  "Flying  Pendant 
Lever  Bridge"  which  he  had  designed  for  a 
connection  between  Brooklyn  and  New  York, 
This  book  is  only  found  in  a  few  private 
libraries  of  to-day,  and  has  recently  been  fiahed 
out  of  the  da^t  of  80  years  by  our  contem- 
porary of  the  Manufacturer  and  Buiidtr^  from 
whioh  journal  we  collate  these  faots.  The 
bridge  was  to  consist  of  a  single  span  1800  feet 
long,  the  center  of  which  would  be  233  feet 
above  high  water.  The  span  of  the  Brooklyn 
bridge  is  only  1500  feet.  The  plan  described  is 
identical  in  principle  with  what  is  now  desig- 
nated as  the  *'  cantilever  "  —  an  expression 
equivalent  to  "  pendant  lever,"  as  employed  by 
Mr,  Pope. 

This  fact  is  all  the  more  interesting  at  this 
time,  since  this  particular  type  of  bridge 
structure  is  generally  believed  to  be  of  oompar- 
atively  recent  origin  and  to  have  originated 
with  the  American  bridge-builders  of  the  pres- 
ent day.  Notable  examples  of  this  form  of 
bridge  struoture  exist  in  various  parts  of  the 
world,  notably  among  which  are  the  rFcently 
constructed  steel  railway  bridge  at  Niagara 
Falls  and  the  great  steel  bridge  just  opened  for 
traffic  over  the  Frith  of  Forth  In  Scotland. 

To  illustrate  the  practicability  of  his  ideas, 
Blr.  Pops  constructed  a  model  of  half  the  pro- 
posed bridge,  which  was  nearly  ,50  feet  in 
length,  on  a  scale  of  three  eighths  of  an  inch  to 
a  foot.  The  weight  borne  at  one  time  by  the 
unsupported  arm  of  this  diminutive  model  was 
ten  tons,  which  astonished  the  mind  of  every 
beholder.  The  model  was  afterward  com- 
pleted by  adding  |the  other  arm,  making  the 
model  100  feet  in  length.  From  this  work  the 
reader  will  be  able  to  appreciate  the  complete- 
nees  with  which  this  engineer  had  grasped  the 
fundamental  principles  ot  the  cantilever  system 
in  bridge-building. 

Mr.  Pope's  plan  consisted  of  a  bridge  in  which 
the  superstrnct'ire  consisted  of  projsoting 
bsama  or  levers  fixed  at  one  end  to  the  abut- 
ments or  piers  and  free  at  the  other  end.  The 
best  that  can  be  said  in  behalf  of  builders  of 
the  present  generation  is  that  they  have  revived 
an  old  idea  and  that  the  revival  is  to  be  cred- 
ited principally  to  American  engineers,  who 
have  been  the  first  to  appreciate  the  merits  and 
adopt  the  system  so  perfectly  set  forth  by  their 
countryman  of  1811,  who  lived  at  a  time  when 
his  t^enius  was  not  properly  appreciated. 

A  very  good  idea  of  the  sustaining  power  of 
bridges  built  on  the  cantilever  system  may  be 
formed  from  the  apparently  authorized  state* 
ment  that  eaoh  cantilever  of  the  Forth  bridge 
will  sustain  six  of  the  largest  iron-olads  in  our 
navy. 

A  Railway  Tunnel  is  now  proposed  for  con- 
necting Brooklyn  with  New  York  City.  It  is 
proposed  to  oonstrudt  it  under  E  ist  river,  be- 
tween South  Sixth  street.  Brooklyn,  and 
Broome  street,  New  York,  The  work  is  already 
taking  defioite  form,  the  contract  for  building 
it  having,  it  is  stated,  been  awarded  to  the 
American  Tunnel  Construotion  Company.  The 
total  length  of  the  tunnel  is  to  be  2890  feet, 
and  it  is  promised  that  it  will  be  completed 
within  two  years  after  securing  the  consent  of 
the  authorities  of  the  two  cities,  which  con- 
dition, however,  gives  an  element  of  indefinite- 
ness  to  the  enterprise. 

Large  Dam  in  India. — The  Tansa  reservoir, 
situated  about  sevou  miles  from  the  Atgaum 
station,  will  consist  ot  one  great  dam  spanning 
the  bads  of  two  rivers  with  a  length  of  nearly 
two  miles.  It  is  composed  entirely  of  rubble 
masonry  ;  the  bight  of  the  center  will  be  about 
65  feet.  The  work  is  progressing  with  consid- 
erable rapidity,  and  the  huge  wall,  at  last  ac- 
counts, r(  quired  only  to  be  raised  from  15  to  20 
feet  to  be  tiaished.  The  progress  of  the  work 
is  so  far  satisfactory  that,  if  the  duct  works 
are  ready  by  March  1,  1891,  the  reservoir  will 
be  ready  to  give  the  water. 

Immense  Bridge  Spans. — The  span  of  the 
Brooklyn  bridge  is  1500  feet.  The  two  spaRi 
of  the  Frith  of  Forth  bridge  are  1710  feet  each. 
M.  Stoffdl,  the  well-known  French  engineer,  pro- 
poses a  bridge  of  remarkable  construction  for 
the  mouth  of  the  Tagus,  at  L'sbon,  Portugal. 
It  would  be  nearly  twice  the  length  of  the 
Brooklyn  bridge,  while  its  spans  would  be  to 
those  across  the  E»st  river  as  nine  to  five,  or 
almost  twice  as  great. 

A  New  Style  of  Elevated  Road  for  rapid 
transit  has  recently  been  proposed  to  a  party 
of  Chicago  capitalists  by  a  gentleman  named 
Goudie.  His  invention,  he  claims,  will  greatly 
improve  the  speed  and  decrease  the  cost  of 
transportation.  Runners  much  like  those  of 
sleighs  are  to  be  used  in  place  of  wheels,  the 
latter  being  part  of  the  track,  and  their  revolu- 
tion, aided  by  oil  from  the  moving  train,  is  one 
of  the  leading  aids  in  increasing  the  velocity. 

The  Nicaragua  Canal.— The  work  upon 
this  enterprise,  notwithstanding  reports  to  the 
contrary,  is  being  pushed  in  a  most  active  man- 
ner.   A  very  large  contract  has  just  been  let 


to  0.  P.  Treat  &  Co,  of  this  city.  This  con- 
tract calls  for  the  bnildiog  of  ten  miles  of  rail- 
road from  the  mouth  of  the  San 'Juan  to  the 
oanal  looks  of  the  Atlantic  divide.  The  work 
will  cost  from  §150,000  to  §200,000.  and  will 
be  completed  in  about  four  months.  This  road 
is  merely  a  temporary  work  for  use  in  oon- 
etruoting  the  oanal.  When  the  railroad  is 
completed  there  will  be  transported  over  it  the 
machioeryto  be  used  in  exoLivating  the  great 
ship  locks  and  in  cutting  through  the  Atlantio 
divide. 


E'LECTPjeiPi'. 


A  NovKL  and  simple  form  of  eleotric  bat- 
tery has  recently  baen  invented  in  Italy.  As 
described  in  the  Jieviata  Technka  Science  it 
consists  of  conical  vessels  of  cast  iron  and 
porous  earthenware,  with  nitric  and  sulphuric 
acid.  An  iron  oone  is  placed  point  downward 
in  a  stand,  and  is  partly  filled  with  strong 
nitric  aold.  Into  this  there  is  plaoed  a  cone  of 
porous  earthenware  oontaining  dilute  sulphuric 
aoid,  Then  follows  an  iron  oone  surmounted 
by  an  earthenware  one,  and  eo  on  in  a  series, 
each  vessel  containing  its  respective  acid.  It 
follows  that  the  iuner  surface  of  each  iron  vessel 
is  bathed  In  nitric  aold,  and  becomes  passive, 
acting  the  part  of  the  platinum  or  carbon  in  an 
ordinary  cell.  The  outer  surface  is  attacked 
by  the  dilute  sulphuric  acid,  and  takes  the 
place  of  the  zinc.  There  are  no  connections  to 
make,  the  simple  building  of  the  pile  putting 
all  the  parta  into  union.  The  earthenware 
cones  are  S  inches  in  diameter  and  4  inches  in 
hight,  and  contain  550  cubic  centimeters  of  10 
per  centsulphurio  acid  solution.  The  Iron  ves- 
sel contains  110  cubic  centimeters  of  nitric  and 
sulphuric  acids,  the  latter  being  three  times 
the  volume  of  the  former.  Sixty  elements  ar- 
ranged in  two  piles  have  a  resistance  of  lOA 
ohms,  an  electro-motive  force  on  open  circuit 
of  81  volts,  and  on  closed  circuit  of  45  volts, 
with  a  current  of  4  4-10  amperes.  After  five 
hours  the  dififerenoe  of  potential  falls  to  28  volts 
and  the  current  to  2  7-10  amperes. 

Electricity  as  a  Motive  Power  fob  Street 
Cars. — It  was  stated  in  a  recent  address  at  the 
Jefferson  Physical  Laboratory  at  Cambridge, 
Mass.,  that  "  as  a  motor-power  for  street  cars, 
electricity  has  many  advantages.  Eleotric  cars 
can  be  run  at  any  speed  up  to  18  miles  an  hour 
or  even  higher.  Cars  running  at  high  rates  of 
speed  are  less  dangerous  than  those  running  at 
low  rates.  People  are  more  cautious.  It  all 
the  cars  of  the  West  End  Company  had  been 
run  by  electrioity  during  the  past  year,  there 
would  have  been  a  saving  of  over  §1,000,000  in 
money  and  100  years  of  time  to  the  persona 
using  them.  The  adoption  of  electrioity  means 
cleaner  streets  and  consequently  a  lower  death 
rate.  The  system  in  this  city  and  Boston  is 
not  perfect  as  yet.  One  improvement  soon  to 
be  introduced  is  to  divide  the  overhead  wire 
into  sections  insulated  from  each  other.  In 
case  of  an  accident  to  one  section,  travel  Avill 
not  be  delayed  on  the  others.  In  18S8<' there 
were  ten  electric  roads  in  this  country  in  oper- 
ation. To-day  30  per  cent  of  the  street-car 
roads  use  electricity  or  are  preparing  to  do  so. 
Among  the  proposed  improvements  by  the 
West  Eod  Company  are  larger  cars.  Some  50 
cars  are  now  building,  some  on  the  Robinson 
radial  system,  others  with  a  swivel  truck  at 
each  end.  The  final  means  of  propulsion  in  all 
street  cars  wilt  be  electric  motors,  and  these 
motors  will  probably  be  run  by  storage  bat- 
teries." 

Another  Electric  Safety  Device. — Mr.  A. 
P,  Hafner  of  New  York  has  invented,  a  very 
simple  little  contrivance  called  a  protector, 
whioh  is  made  of  Carman  silver  or  fusible  wire, 
and  the  coil  of  an  electrio  magnet.  By  thisde* 
v:oe  the  danger  of  fire  or  electrical  shocks  In 
telephones  or  messenger  calls  is  said  to  be  en- 
tirely removed.  Whenever  an  abnormal  cur- 
rent is  introduced  into  the  building  by  reason 
of  telegraph,  telephone  or  other  wires  coming 
in  contact  with  electric-light  lines,  the  coil  of 
the  magnet  becomes  magnetized,  attracting  the 
armature,  the  Instruments  protected  are  out 
from  the  oircuit,  and  the  abnormal  current  is 
carried  direct  to  the  ground.  It  is  concen- 
trated in  the  German  silver  wire,  which  causes 
it  to  fuse  if  the  current  is  dangerous,  and  com- 
pletely opens  the  line. 


Deaths  from  Electricity. — Cipt.  Eugene 
Griffia,  manager  of  the  Thomson -Houston  Co., 
In  a  recent  lecture  before  the  Jefferson  Physi- 
cal Laboratory  of  Cambridge,  in  speakiog  of 
the  dangers  attending  the  use  of  electricity, 
cited  statistics  to  show  that  in  New  England 
there  have  been  only  five  deaths  by  electricity 
in  ten  years,  and  of  these  five,  four  were  em- 
ployes. In  the  same  time  there  have  been  5241 
deaths  from  railroads,  and  of  these,  2902  were 
not  employes.  Why  not  tear  up  the  railroads 
as  well  as  pull  down  the  telegraph  wires? 

Improvement  in  Incandescent  Lights, — 
A  new  improvement  in  incandescent  lights,  it 
is  stated,  is  being  introduced  by  the  New  Bed- 
ford Gas-Light  Company,  whereby  the  burners 
qan  be  turned  down  without  patting  them  out 
entirely.  They  are  on  exhibition  in  the  com- 
pany's office  with  a  meter  attached  in  a  glass 
c)se,  and  it  is  seen  that  the  meter  revolves 
more  slowly  when  the  lights  are  dimmed.  Cus- 
tomers therefore  pay  for  the  amount  of  light 
they  use. 


270 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[April  19,  1890 


i,  T,  DEWBY,  W.  B.  EWER. 

DEWEY  &  CO.,  Publishers. 


fee,  220  Market  Si. ,  JV.  E.  cor.  Front  St.,S.  F, 

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SAN    FRANCISCO: 

Saturday,  April   19,    1890. 


TABLE  OF  CONTENTS. 


EDITORIALS.— Mechanical  Feed  for  Boiler  Fur- 
naces, 263.  Pasping  Events;  The  Silver  Question; 
Work  for  the  Engineers;  A  40-Inch  Telescope;  Grand 
Canyon  of  the  Colorado,  No.  3;  Point  in  Favor  of 
Mining  Shareholders,  270.  The  Bear  Valley  Arch 
Dam;  An  Improved  Lamp-Burner;  An  Electric  Rotary 
Pump,  271. 

ILLiDS'i'ttATIONS.— The  Temples  and  Towers  of 
the  Virgen,  Grand  Canyon  of  the  Colorado;  Setting  a 
150-Hor(e  Power  Heine  Boiler  with  Mechanical 
Stoker,  263.  Glacial  Bank  at  Blue  Tent  Mine,  Ne- 
vada Co.,  Cal,;  Stratified  Glacial  Deposit  near  Hamil- 
ton, Ohio;  Zander's  Improved  Lamp  Burner,  271. 

OOaftBSPONDBNCBj.— The  Deep  Gold  i-lacers  of 
California,  264. 

MISCELLANEOUS.— How  to  Tell  the  Age  of  Trees; 
The  Late  Dr.  Parry;  The  Blind  Seldom  Smoke; 
The  Coming  Census-Taking;  An  Eiffel  Tower  of  Ice, 
265. 

MiiiUHANIGAL  PROGRESS.- The  Future  of 
Nickel  Steel;  Amount  of  Friction  Between  Different 
Bodies;  Bronzing  Iron  or  St-el;  A  New  Kind  of  Water 
Pipe;  Steam  Tramways  on  City  Streets;  Ten-Wheeled 
Locomotives;  Brick-Making  Devices;  LocDinotives  for 
India;  Welding  Steel  to  Brasa;  New  Uses  for  Rawhide; 
Blast  Furnaces;  Engliah  Stoves,  268. 

SOIENTIFIC  PKOQRBSa.-Steady  Exhaustion 
of  tlie  Earth's  Mineral  Supplies;  The  Hight  of  Sea 
Waves;  Trained  Sensitiveness;  A  Problem  in  Astrono- 
my Possibly  Solved;  Compressibility  of  Water;  Ice  as 
a  Conductor  for  Heat;  Another  Saccharine  Sugar  from 
Cottonseed  Meal;  The  Elemants;  Artificial  Malachite; 
The  Djg;  Saccharine  Datrimental  to  Health;  The  Rein- 
deer*A  "  Blood  Rose,"  268. 

GOOD  HEALTH.—Daneerin  Dust;  Secret  of  the 
Skin;  MUk  from  a  Diseased  Cow;  Deaths  from  Light- 
ning; The  Deadly  Cold  Bei;  Hypnotism,  269. 

USEFUL  INFORMATION.— The  Value  of  Earth- 
Worms;  A  Rope  that  will  Float;  Writing  Ink;  To  Soften 
Ivory,  269. 

ENGINEERING  NOTES. -The  Cantilever  Prin- 
ciple; Large  Dam  in  India;  Immense  Bridge  Spans; 
The  Nicaragua  Canal,  269 

ELECTRICITY. —Electricity  as  a  Motive  Power  for 
Street  Cars;  Another  Electric  Safety  Device;  Deaths 
from  Electricitv;  Improvement  in  incandescent  Lights, 
269. 

MINING  SUMMARY— From  the  various  coimtles 
of  California,  Nevada,  Arizona,  Colorado,  Idaho,  Mon- 
tana, NewMexico,  Oreeon,  Utah,  Wyoming,  263-367. 

MINING  STOCK  MARKET.— Sales  at  the    San 
Francisco  St^ck  Board,  Notices  of  Meeting,  Assess- 
menfiB.  Dividends,  and  Bullion  Shipments.  274- 
MARKET    REPORTS.— Local    Markets,    Eastern 
Metal  Markets,  274. 


PassiDg  Events. 

With  the  cessation  of  rains,  active  work  has 
been  reBumed  In  the  varioas  mining  camps  of 
the  State,  wbere  little  else  than  pumping  has 
been  done  for  months.  In  the  mountains  there 
is  still  considerable  snow  and  a  great  deal  of 
water  In  the  ground.  Still  money  is  becoming 
more  plentiful  and  busineas  begins  to  show  the 
effect  of  it. 

The  moldera'  strike  in  our  local  foundries  still 
continues,  though  the  men  seem  now  willing 
to  arbitrate  on  certain  points,  notably  the  Urn- 
itation  of  work  and  the  apprentice  question. 
However,  there  is  as  yet  no  special  change  in 
the  situation. 

There  are  rnmors  of  the  finding  of  placer 
gold  and  quartz  discoveries  in  the  Grand  canyon 
of  the  Colorado,  Coarse  gold  is  reported  on 
the  bars.  Men  are  going  down  from  Denver, 
bat  it  will  be  found  a  pretty  hard  region  to 
prospect  and  jpaine  in,  although  there  is  plenty 
of  water. 

The  arrival  at  the  Clarka  of  the  casting  of 
the  glass  for  the  4:0'inch  crown  glass  of  the  pro- 
posed telescope  for  Southern  California  shows 
that  the  work  is  going  on  in  the  preparation  of 
the  greatest  of  lenses,  although  at  one  time 
it  was  eupposed  the  project  had  been  aban- 
doned. 


The  Silver  Question. 

The  mining  industry  of  the  United  Siates, 
and  also  the  farming  industry,  which  is  largely 
dependent  upon  the  market  value  of  silvdr,  are 
to  be  congratulated  upon  the  advance 
in  the  price  of  the  metal.  In  onr  long 
statistical  review  of  the  silver  problem,  we  gave 
interesting  data  showing  that  the  world's  silver 
requirements  were  in  excess  of  the  output,  and 
that  with  proper  legislation  the  price  of  silver 
could  be  readily  advanced  to  par.  The  present 
advance  in  the  market  is  confirmatory  of  our 
then  expressed  views,  and  if  the  present  Con- 
gress shonld  pass  an  Act  baaed  apon  Senator 
Jones*  bill,  it  is  only  a  question  of  a  short  time 
when  the  metal  will  be  remonetized,  not  only 
in  this  country  bat  by  the  European  Govern- 
ments, and  particularly  so  now  that  that  great 
opponent,  Bismarck,  has  been  retired  in  Ger- 
many. There  does  not  appear  to*  be  the  least 
doubt  expressed  but  what  a  silver  bill  will  be 
passed  by  Congress.  At  this  writing,  it  is  said 
that  the  Senate  and  House  committees  arbitrat- 
ing on  the  respective  bills  have  agreed  on  the 
Senate  bill  to  purchase  $4,5CO,000  worth  of  sil- 
ver monthly,  looking  to  free  coinage  in  the 
fntnre.  The  only  difference  between  the  com- 
mittees is  how  the  certificates  to  be  issued  in 
payment  for  the  bullion  are  to  be  redeemed. 
The  Senate  committee  wants  them  redeemed  in 
lawful  money  of  the  United  States,  while  the 
House  oommittee  stands  out  for  their  redemp- 
tion in  silver  bullion.  If  the  former  coarse  is 
pursued,  then  the  metal  is  at  once  raised  as  a 
cnrrenoy  medium  on  a  par  with  gold;  bat  if  the 
certificates  are  redeemed  in  bullion,  then  it  and 
the  certificates  become  a  speculative  gamble 
with  fiuctuating  value.  With  nncoined  bullion 
piled  up  in  the  Treasury  vaults,  the  situation 
becomes  a  menace  to  European  and  other  coun- 
tries, which  will  put  off,  indefinitely,  the  re- 
monetizing  of  silver  abroad. , 

At  this  time,  with  an  international  bi- 
metallic conference  growing  in  favor  abroad,  it 
behooves  bimetallists  in  this  country  not  to  ac- 
cept any  proposition  that  is  likely  to  throw 
discredit  on  the  present  movement  looking  to 
the  remonetizing  of  silver.  That  there  is  abroad 
a  strong  growing  feeling  in  favor  of  bimetallism 
cannot  be  doubted,  for  onr  leading  exchanges 
reflect  this  change  of  heart.  Even  Samuel 
Smith  is  reported  by  cable  to  favor  an  inter- 
national monetary  conference  looking  to  bi- 
metallism. Bat  probably  the  strongest  move 
in  this  direction  ia  that  of  the  Eaglish  mill 
hands,  who  have  signed  by  thouaanda  and 
forwarded  to  the  House  of  Camtnona  the  fol- 
lowing petition  : 

That  the  well-being  of  the  industry  in  which 
we  are  engaged  depends  largely  upon  trade  be- 
tween Great  Britain  and  silver-ufing  countries; 
that  the  loss  and  disturbance  to  the  free  flow 
of  trade  resulting  from  there  being  no  fixed 
oonnection  between  our  money  and  the  silver 
moneys  of  our  customers  in  India,  China,  Japan 
and  elsewhere,  operate  injariously  upon  the  cot- 
ton trade;  that  it  is  most  important  there  should 
be  no  hindrance  to  the  profitable  development 
of  the  great  industry  with  which  we  are  con- 
nected, BO  that  full  and  regular  employment 
may  be  provided  for  our  constantly  increasing 
population.  Your  petitioners  therefore  pray 
that  your  honorable  House  may  be  pleased  to 
approve  of  a  oonference  of  the  chief  com- 
mercial nations  of  the  world  being  oalled  to 
oonsider  whether  a  bimetallic  system  can  be 
re-established  by  international  agreement. 


opinion  that  the  selection  of  the  site  was  very 
promising.  He  said  also,  by  the  way,  that  if 
he  ground  and  finished  the  big  lens  he  should 
do  it  in  California.  The  University  of  South- 
ern California  ie  a  Methodist  institution,  which 
already  has  a  good  deal  of  money.  Mr.  Spence, 
a  wealthy  resident  of  Los  Angeles,  ia  credited 
with  being  the  man  who  will  furnish  most  of 
the  money  for  the  proposed  observatory. 


Point  in  Favor  of  Mining  Sh  re- 
holders. 

The  case  of  Fox  vs.  Levy  is  an  action 
brought  to  compel  the  directors  of  the  Sivage 
Mining  Company  to  conform  to  that  section  of 
the  Act  passed  by  the  Legislature  in  ISSO, 
which  reads  as  follows:  *'It  shall  also  be  the 
duty  of  the  superintendent  to  file  with  the  sec- 
retary a  weekly  statement,  under  oath,  show- 
ing the  number  of  men  employed  under  him 
and  for  what  parpose,  and  the  rate  of  wages 
paid  to  eaoh  one.  He  shall  attach  to  such  ac- 
count a  full  and  complete  report,  under  oath,  of 
the  work  done  in  said  mine,  the  amount  of  ore 
extracted,  from  what  part  of  the  mine  taken, 
the  amount  sent  to  mill  for  reduction,  Its 
assay  value^  etc."  "While  the  superintendent 
complied  in  part  with  the  above  section  of  the 
law,  he  neglected  to  give  the  value  of  ores  at 
the  mine,  that  ia,  the  assay  value  of  the  ore 
when  first  diacovered  in  the  drift,  and  next  the 
assay  value  of  samples  taken  from  thdoar  when 
sent  to  the  mill.  Levy  entered  a  demurrer 
to  the  complaint,  which  was  suatained  by 
Judge  Shafter,  before  whom  the  case  was 
brought;  but  in  the  second  action  brought  by 
the 'plaintiff  Fox  to  enforce  the  law,  Judge 
Shafter  overruled  the  demurrer  of  the  de- 
fendant, and  now  the  case  will  go  before  him 
on  its  merits.  In  the  second  presentation  of  the 
case  the  facta  were  brought  oat  more  fully,  and 
to  the  judge's  credit,  be  it  said,  he  overruled 
hla  former  decision.  There  can  be  no  doubt 
that  with  a  decision  in  favor  of  the  plaintiff, 
mining  on  the  Oomstock  will  have  to  be  car- 
ried on  more  openly,  which  will  disarm  criti' 
cism  and  create  with  the  public  greater  con- 
fidence in  the  shares  of  the  mines. 


A  40-inch  Telescope. 

The  oaatlng  for  the  objcct-glaes  of  the  pro- 
posed 40-inch  telescope  for  the  University  of 
Southern  Oalifornia  has  been  completed  by 
Mantols  of  Paris,  and  has  arrived  at  the  estab- 
lishment of  the  Clark  Bros.,  Cambridge,  where 
it  will  be  ground  during  the  next  two  years. 
This  crown  glass  la  40  inches  in  diameter,  the 
largest  ever  made,  exceeding  the  glass  of  the 
Lick  telescope  by  four  inches.  The  maximum 
thickness  when  completed  will  be  about  two 
inches.  Since  the  completion  of  the  Lick  tele- 
scope, it  has  been  found  possible  to  cast  larger 
glasses  at  less  cost.  The  fiint  glass  for  the  pro- 
posed teleaoope  has  not  yet  been  made,  but 
that  is  comparatively  easy  to  do.  It  is  the  in- 
tention of  the  University  of  Southern  Califor- 
nia to  place  this  telescope,  when  completed,  on 
the  summit  of  Wilson's  Peak,  back  of  the  Sierra 
Madre  villa,  Los  Angeles  coanty.  This  peak  is 
nearly  6000  feet  high. 

When  Mr.  Alvan  G,  Clark  was  here  last  year, 
he  viaited  the  peak  with  a  good  telescope  and 
looked  at  many  test  objeotSi  and  it  was  hie 


Work  for  the  Engineers, 

California  will  get  this  year  in  the  river  and 
harbor  appropriations  about  §650,000,  a  larger 
sum  than  ever  before  allowed  the  State.  For 
Oikland  harbor  not  less  than  $250,000  has  been 
allowed.  Napa  creek  gets  SHO, 000;  lledwood 
creek,  $8000;  Hutnbaldt  bay,  §80,000;  Wil 
mington  harbor,  S40,000;  the  San  Joaquin  riv- 
er, $75,000.  The  sum  of  §50,000  has  been  set 
aside  to  make  surveys  for  a  breakwater  at  Santa 
Cruz  and  at  Kedondo  beach.  For  surveys  of 
Suiaun  bay  and  the  mouth  of  the  Sacramento, 
.^14,000  has  been  allowed. 

As  far  as  the  improvement  of  the  Saoramento 
and  Feather  rivers  ia  concerned,  it  ia  found  to 
be  impossible  to  make  an  appropriation  until 
the  engineers  make  examinations,  surveys, 
maps  and  estimates,  and  aubmit  them  to  Con- 
gress.  This  has  been  ordered  done,  and  the 
money  for  the  work  will  be  taken  from  the  con- 
tingent fand.  Moat  of  the  money  for  the  Sm 
Joaquin  river  will  be  expended  in  the  repair  of 
the  Paradise  cut-off  and  Lord's  slough.  The 
State  ranks  third  as  far  as  securing  appropria- 
tions are  concerned.  For  Oregon,  for  improv 
ing  the  Columbia,  about  81,000,000  has 
been  appropriated.  This  amount  includes  the 
Bum  of  $500,000,  allowed  for  the  continuance  of 
the  jetty  work  at  the  mouth  of  the  river.  For 
Coos  bay,  it  ia  understood  that  §120,000  has 
been  allowed,  which  la  to  include  the  continua- 
tion of  the  work  on  the  J5tkies.  A  sarvey  look- 
ing to  the  removal  of  shoals  in  the  upper  har- 
bor is  also  authorized. 

Y^quina  bay  gets  $120,000,  and  §500,000  is 
allowed  to  commence  work  on  the  jetty  at 
Siuslaw  bay.  For  continuing  work  at  the 
mouth  of  tbeCoquille  river,  $30,000  is  allowed, 
and  §10,000  to  commence  work  on  the  jetty  at 
the  month  of  Nehalem  bay.  To  improve  the 
Upper  Willamette  above  Portland,  §12  000  is 
appropriated.  Ten  thousand  dollars  is  allowed 
for  dredging  at  Tillamook  bay. 


Grand  Canyon  of  the  Colorado. 

NUMBER    III. 

In  continuing  the  description  of  the  Grand 
Canyon  of  the  Colorado  an  engraving  is  given 
this  week  of  "The  Temples  and  Towers  of  the 
Virgen."  In  the  center  of  the  picture  is  the 
Western  temple;  to  the  right  of  it  is  the 
Mukuntuweap  Fork  or  Little  Zion  Valley,  and 
across  it  is  the  eastern  temple.  On  the  extreme 
right  is  the  opening  of  the  Parunuweap,  In 
the  middle  distance  ia  the  inner  canyon  of  the 
Virgen.  In  Datton'a  United  States  Geological 
Survey  Monograph  he  says,  in  speaking  of  the 
temples  and  towers  of  the  Virgen  :  At  our  feet 
the  surface  drops  down  by  cliff  and  talus  1200 
feet  upon  a  broad  and  ragged  plain.  Out  by  nar- 
row canyons.  The  slopes,  winding  ledges  and 
scanty  soil  display  colors  which  are  truly  amaz- 
ing. From  right  to  left  across  the  farther  fore- 
ground stretches  the  inner  oanyon  of  the  Vir- 
gen, about  700  feet  deep  and  here  of  consider- 
able width.  Across  the  canyon,  a  mile  and  a  half 
beyond,  stands  the  central  and  couimandiog 
objsct  of  the  picture,  the  Western  temple,  ris- 
ing 4000  feet  above  the  river.  Yet  it  is  only  the 
central  object  of  a  mighty  throng  of  structures, 
wrought  up  in  the  same  exalted  atyle  and  filling 
up  the  entire  panorama. 

The  Parunuweap  is  seen  emerging  on  the  ex- 
treme right  through  a  stupendoas  gateway  and 
chasm  on  the  terrace  nearly  3000  feet  in  depth. 

Directly  in  front  of  us  la  a  oomplex  group  of 
white  towera,  which,  springing  from  a  oentral 
pile,  mounts  upward  to  the  oloads.  Oat  of 
their  midst  and  high  over  all  rises  a  dome-like 
mass  which  dominates  the  entire  landscape. 
The  towers  which  surround  it  are  of  inferior 
mass,  but  eaoh  is  a  study  of  fine  form  and  aroh- 
iteotural  effect. 

Nothing  can  exceed  the  beauty  of  the  Little 
Zion  valley,  which  separates  the  two  temples 
and  their  respective  groups  of  towers.  Nor  are 
these  the  only  snblime  structures  which  look 
down  into  ita  deptha,  for  similar  ones  are  seen 
on  either  hand  until  a  turn  in  ita  course  carries 
the  valley  out  of  sight. 


The  men  in  a  Seattle  founi"'ry  are  out  oi  a 
strike,  and  the  foundry's  products  have  been 
boycotted  because  the  proprietors  were  learn- 
ing the  trade,  and  constituted  more  than  the 
number  of  apprentices  allowed  by  Uaion  rales. 


The  Strike  — There  ia  no  special  change  in 
the  situation  in  the  matter  of  the  moldera* 
strike  in  thia  city.  The  Foundrymen'a  Aasooia- 
tion  continues  to  bring  in  more  men  to  take  the 
places  of  the  stikera,  notwithstanding  the  pa- 
trols intended  to  prevent  this,  A  number 
went  into  one  of  the  foundries  thia  week  dresaed 
in  tourist's  costume,  passing  by  the  patrol  of 
strikers  without  being  reoognized  as  moldera. 
It  ia  stated  that  the  men  who  are  out  are  now 
willing  to  arbitrate  on  some  of  the  points  in- 
volved, but  insist  on  the  former  rate  of  wages. 
As  the  strike  continues,  there  ia  great  loss  on 
both  sides,  oonaiderable  work  going  elsewhere 
to  be  done. 

The  purchasers  of  the  Lucky  Bog  mine  near 
Unionville,  Nev,,  are  erecting  works  to  reduce 
the  ore.  The  works  will  be  erected  in  the 
north  fork  of  Cottonwood  canyon,  known  to 
old-timera  in  Unionville  aa  Anderaon  Creek, 
ust  below  the  mine. 


The  Mechanics*  Institute  Fair  will  be 
postponed  so  that  the  Native  Sons  of  the  Gold- 
en Weet  and  the  California  Pioneers  can  use  the 
Pavilion  on  the  8.h,  9.h  and  10th of  September, 
in  celebrating  Admiasion  Day. 

The  building  erected  in  Eist  Oakland  by  F,  . 
M.  Smith  for  a  borax  refinery  will   not  be  used 
for  that  purpose,  inasmuch    as   Mr.  Smith   has 
bought  the  Alameda  borax  refinery,  formerly 
owned  by  W.  T.  Coleman. 


The  Calaveras  Chronicle  says  three  of  the 
d^ad  miners  in  the  Utioa  mine  can  be  seen,  but 
it  will  take  a  good  deal  of  work  before  their 
bodies  can  be  recovered.  There  are  still  13 
bodies  in  the  mine. 


The  balance-sheet  of  the  South  Yuba  Water 
&  Mining  Compaoy  of  Nevada  county  for  36 
years  shows  total  receipts  of  §3  S53,4S1  87,  and 
dividends  paid  of  §1,239  358  79. 


Fifty  Tons  of  rail  of  the  Birgion  patent 
have  been  rolled  and  shipped  to  A.  D.  Wilder, 
who  will'  lay  a  mile  of  experimental  track  on 
the  Oakland  mcle.  ^ 


Work  is  progressing  on  the  construction  of 
the  Oakland  electric  street railroai,  Thetraok- 
ways  are  being  built  on  Thirteenth  street,  west 
of  Franklin. 


April  19,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


271 


The  Bear  Valley  Arch  Dam. 

The  Amerioui  Society  of  Civil  Eagineera 
hM  taken  an  iotereat  in  this  remarkable 
etraotareiD  the  San  Barnardino  mountains,  and 
recently  aaked  the  company  to  have  expert' 
meota  made  upon  it  to  determine  the  elasticity 
of  each  worki.  This  proposition  arose  from 
the  fact  that  a  larger  dam  is  to  be  constrncted 
below  the  preaent  one,  and  it  was  believed  that 
aocb  an  occasion  should  be  utilized  to  make 
the  antqae  ezperlmeDta  for  which  there  has 
ntver  been  a  similar  opportunity.  Otroalar 
letters  were  sent  to  all  the  members  of  the 
Booiety,  to  technical  and  engineering  societies, 
and  to  distinguished  scientific  eogincers.  In 
reply  to  tbLs  circular  letter,  Mr.  John  G. 
North,  the  general  manager  of  the  Bear  Valley 
Land  and  Water  Cj.,  has  written  to  Secre- 
tary John  Bogart  that  "the  company  fully  ap* 
preoiatea  the  value  to  eDglnem  io^  science  of  the 
observations  and  measurtmeots  suggested,  and 
will  see  that  they  are  made.  Prof.  George 
Davidson,  who  has  recently  acted  as  conaultirg 
eegioeer  for  the  compaoy,  will  undoubtedly 
consent  to  make  the  obseivitions  with  th 
chief  engineer  of  the  oompaoy,  Mr.  FrAuk  E 
Brown,  who  desigiied  and  built  the  presci^t 
structure." 

Mr.  North  has  written  to  Prof.  Davidson 
and  expressed  his  wish  that  he  would  make  the 
necessary  obaervations  and  experiments;  and 
the  professor  has  agreed  to  do  so.  There  can 
be  no  doubt  but  when  the  proper  time  comes, 
an  ezhauBtive  series  of  observations  will  be 
made.  Prof.  Dividaon  says  that  Mr.  Brown'e 
oonoeptioD  of  the  present  dam  and  his  sncceas 
in  building  it  have  placed  him  In  the  front  rank 
of  original  engineers.  There  ia  no  danger  in 
the  atrnoture,  which  has  stood  for  years,  with 
water  at  times  reaching  crest,  pressed  upon  by 
ice,  and  throogh  sharp  local  earthquakes.  The 
more  It  is  studied  the  more  satisfactory  the 
impression  it  creates. 


An  Improved  Larap-Barner. 

Lonia  /^mder  of  1223  Twenty-firat  avenue, 
Eist  Oakland,  has  jaat  obtained  through  the 
Mining  and  Scientific  Press  Patent  Agency 
a  patent  on  an  improved  lamp-barner  into 
whiob  the  wick  is  easily  inserted.  Fig.  1  of 
the  engravings  ia  a  view  of  the  burner,  a  por- 
tion of  the  side  being  broken  away  to  show  the 
wlck-tube  and  the  upper  portion  of  the  side- 
plate,  b,  being  broken  away  to  show  the  wick. 
Fig.  2  ia  a  horizontal  orosa-seotion  of  the  wiok- 
tabe. 

A  ia  an  ordinary  lamp-bnroer  composed  of 
the  nsnal  parts,  namely,  the  threaded  shank  a, 
the  ratchet  apindle  a^  ,  the  chimney  gallery, 
a^  ,  the  apring  arms  a^  ,  and  the  hinged  cap  a'^ . 

B  is  the  wick'tube  located  aa  usnal,  Thia 
tube,  instead  of  being  a  complete  hollow  casing 
or  shell,  is  formed  with  an  open  side  completed 
by  a  slide-plate  b.  The  main  portion  of  the 
tube  forms  one  aide,  the  two  ends  being 
bent  at  its  edges  to  form  said  ends.  The  mov- 
able portion  of  the  alide-plate,  /,  alips  in  be- 
tween these  bent  edges  and  completes  the  tube. 

The  joint  between  the  slide-plate  and  the 
main  portion  of  the  tuba  may  be  of   any   suit' 


Fig.  6.-GLa.OIAL  BANK  AT  BLDB  TENT  MINE,  NEVADA  OODNTY,  GAL. 


able  character,  bat  the  inventor  here  shows  a 
practical  connection  consisting  of  groved 
flanges  b'  on  the  side  edges  of  the  slide-plate, 
which  fit  over  the  bent  edges  of  the  main  por- 
tion, thas  forming  a  complete  and  sufiQciently 
tight  joint,  which  insures  the  stability  of  the 
slide-plate,  at  the  same  time  permitting  its 
ready  removal  and  insertion. 

C  ia  the  wiok.     When  the  wick  ia  to  be  in- 


FicfJ. 


Zander's   Improved    Lamp-Burner. 

sorted,  the  slide-plate  is  removed  from  the 
tube  B,  thereby  exposing  the  open  side  of  said 
tube.  The  wick  is  then  inserted  in  the  tabe 
through  its  open  side,  the  edges  of  the  wiok  be- 
ing readily  proBsed  in  past  and  nnder  the  bent 
edges  of  said  tnbe.  Then  the  alide-plate  ia  put 
back,  thus  fully  inoloaing  and  confining  the 
wiok.  This  operation  is  easier  than  the  usual 
procesB  of  forcing  the  wiok  through  a  complete 
tube  and  past  its  ratchet  wheels. 

The  reduction  works  at  Redding,  Shasta 
county,  which  were  about  to  be  started  np 
again,  were  destroyed  by  fire  on  Wednesday. 
The  loss  ia  about  S6000. 


An  Electric  Rotary  Pump. 

Emory  I.  Nichols  of  thia  city  has  procured 
throogh  the  Mining  and  Scientific  Press 
Patent  Agency,  a  patent  (No.  425,106)  on  a 
simple  electrically  driven  pump,  the  inventor 
wrapping  the  revoluble  shell  of  a  rotary  pnmp 
with  wire  in  such  a  manner  aa  to  form  an  arma- 
ture of  an  electric  motor. 

There  is  a  fixed  hollow  shaft,  one  end  of 
which  forma  the  inlet  port  and  the  other  the 
outlet.  This  shaft  is  formed  with  an  eccentric 
center  having  an  encircling  port  communicat- 
ing with  the  inlet  and  discharge  ports.  Upon 
the  shaft  is  mounted,  and  adapted  to  revolve, 
a  shell,  which,  inclosing  the  eccentric  center, 
forma  at  one  part  or  line,  an  abutment,  and  at 
the  remaining  portion  a  water-space.  Suitable 
packing  and  stuffing  boxes  are  used  between 
the  parts. 

In  the  shell  are  swingipg  pistons  controlled 
by  springs  and  operating  against  the  circum- 
ference of  the  eccentric  center.  This  forms  a 
rotary  pump,  the  operation  of  which,  upon  re- 
volving the  shell,  is  obvious.  To  revolve  this 
shell,  Mr  Nichols  makes  the  pump,  or  a  rim 
connected  therewith,  from  the  core  of  an  elec- 
tric motor.  This  is  done  by  properly  wrap- 
ping the  shell  with  wire  so  aa  to  form  an  elec- 
tric armature.  This  wrapping  may  be  done  in 
any  suitable  manner,  and  it  may  be  directly  on 
the  shell  or  upon  a  rim  carried  by  the  ahell. 

The  operation  of  the  device  is  as  follows: 
The  electric  current,  paasiDg  through  the 
bruahes  and  energizing  the  armature,  the  latter 
is  revolved  by  the  field  magneta.  The  ahell  ia 
therefore  rotated,  and,  though  Its  pistons,  sucks 
in  and  forces  out  the  water.  An  advantage  of 
this  form  of  armature  liea  in  the  fact  that  by 
reason  of  the  hollow  journals  through  which 
the  water  U  paaaing  there  ia  no  liability  to  the 
drawback  of  hot  j  ^nrnals  to  which  high-speed 
electric  motors  are  subject.  Mr.  Nichols  has 
assigned  this  patent  to  Irvine  Stewart  and 
Frank  F.  Tremper  of  this  city. 


PIE.  5.-STRATIFIKD    GLACIAL    DEPOSIT    NEAR    HAMiLTON,    OHIO. 


The  Deep  Gold  Placers  of  California. 


{'^oncli fled  from  pag'  2G.'f.  ) 
lying  by  their  Bides,  are  concave  on  the  inner 
surface,  leaving  the  remaining  portion  more  or 
lees  globular,  as  In  the  case  of  the  granite 
bowlders  before  mentioned.  The  basalt  ia  uni- 
form in  structure,  has  no  particular  cleavage, 
and  breaks  with  a  tendency  to  form  sharp 
angular  fragments;  yet  the  same  rook,  when  ex- 
posed to  the  action  of  the  elements  for  a  long 
period,  invariably  weathers  into  rounded  forma 
while  lying  on  the  surface  of  the  ground,  and 
not  subjected  to  any  special  action  of  water 
above  that  of  small  winter  streams  and  over- 
flowB.  This  discovery  led  to  more  careful 
examinations,  and  I  am  convinced  that  this  is  a 
general  law  which  bears  equally  on  all  rocka, 
including  the  quartz,  which,  being  harder,  re- 
sists longer,  but  eventually  yields  to  the  in- 
evitable law,  and  its  fragments  become  rounded, 
far  from  rivtra  or  rushing  waters.  When  by  acci- 
dental fioode  or  changes  in  the  course  of  streama, 
bowlders  fall  into  their  beds,  they  become 
more  rounded  and  smoothed.  At  Red  Hill  I 
actually  aaw  quartz  bowlders  being  thus  formed, 
which,  without  doubt,  came  from  a  prominent 
qnartz  vein  within  a  few  hundred  feet  of  where 
they  lay.  Closely  observing  bowlders  of  every 
variety  of  rook  which  lie  exposed  in  the  placer 
and  hydraulic  minea,  I  found  them  all  showing 
evidences  of  this  law,  and  I  collected  ooncave 
soales  which  have  been  placed  in  the  State 
Museum,  where  they  will  be  preserved  and  may 
be  studied  by  those  who  take  an  Interest  In  this 
moat  interesting  subject." 

I  have  in  my  collection  a  small  bowlder  of 
diabase  from  near  Boston,  Missachusetta, 
which  showB  thia  weathering  in  a  striking 
manner. 

No  soft  rook  can  become  a  bowlder,  or  if  so 
its  life  as  such  must  be  very  short,  for  if  not 
ground  to  silt  by  the  forces  referred  to,  it 
would  quickly  disintegrate  if  exposed  to  the 
atmosphere  and  the  rays  of  the  sun.  For  thia 
reason  I  assume  that  the  soft  bedrocks  of  the 
auriferous  channels  so  deeply  excavated  were 
disintegrated  and  washed  away  by  the  glacial 
rivers,  while  the  more  resistant  quartz  and 
the  malleable  gold  sank  to  the  bedrock  and 
have  so  remained. 

The  fact  that  bowldera  are  generally  elon- 
gated, lenticular  and  egg.sbaped  instead 
of  being  more  perfectlv  spherical,  has 
much  puzzled  geologists.  Von  Citta  ("R^cks 
Claselfi-d  and  Described,"  Eoglish  Ejicion, 
London,  ISG6]  thui  refers  to  this  peculiar- 
ity : 

'*Thi8  very  universal  law  is  evidently  the  re- 
sult of  an  unequal  degree  of  resistance  to  waste, 
presented  by  Che  stone  in  the  direction  of  one 
or  more  normal  axes,  lo  the  case  of  rooks  of 
slaty  textnre  or  the  like,  this  phenomenon  may 
be  readily  conceived;  but  la  the  case  of  com- 
pact and  granular  rooks  without  a  trace  of  fia- 
aile  or  laminated  textnre,  it  is  more  remarkable, 
and  points  to  some  parallelism  of  texture  or 
structure  which  has  hitherto  escaped  obser- 
vation." 

My  study  of  this  eubjsct  leads  me  to  the  con- 
viction that  thia  form  is  due  to  the  ecoidental 
Bhape  of  the  original  fragments,  the  ronnded 
bowlder  retaining  in  some  degree  its  cuneiform, 
tabular  or  intermediate  ohaiacter. 

Bowlders  are  found  in  the  beds  of  modern 
rivers  certainly,  but  it  does  not  follow  for 
that  reason  that  they  are  wholly  the  result  cf 
the  aotion  of  water  fiiwiog  in  a  channel,  for 
they  lie  scattered  over  the  whole  country  and 
in  the  glacial  drift  they  are  pUced  ae  doEcribed 
elsewhere.  If  any  stream  fijwine  in  such  a 
formation  could  be  diverted  and  forced  to  cut  a 
new  channel,  bowlders  would  be  as  numerous 
aa  in  the  old. 


272 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[April  19,  1890 


AMALCAMATINC  MACHINERY. 

stamp  Mills  for  Wei  or  Dry  Crushing. 
Huntington  Centrifugal  Quartz  Mill.  Drying 
Cylinders.  Amalgamating  Pans,  Settlers, 
Agitators  and  Concentrators.  Retorts,  Bul- 
lion and  Ingot  Moulds,  Conveyors.  Elevators, 
Bruckners  and  Howell's  Improved  White's 
Roasting  Furnaces,  Etc. 


FRASER  &  CHALMERS, 

MINING  MACHINERY 


IMPROVED  CORLISS  v^l^v^eIV^Im    ENGINES.        4& 


CONCENTRATING  MACHINERY. 

Blake,  Dodge  and  Comet  Crushers,  Cornish 
Crushing  and  Finishing  Rolls.  Hartz  Plunger 
and  Collom  Jigs.  Frue  Vanner  &  Embrey 
Concentrators,  Evans',  Calumet,  Collom's 
and  Rittenger's  Slime  Tables.  Trommels, 
Wire  Cloth  and  Punched  Plates.  Ore  Sam- 
^^^B^BBMBk   Pl^  Grinders  and  Heberle  Mills. 

E3/>ll    e^C    HORIZONTAL.    VERTICAL 
DVllLtlKO    .  .  .  AND  SECTIONAI 


Hoisting  Engines, 
Safety  Cages, 

Safety  Hooks, 

Ore  CARS,  Water  &  Ore 
BUCKETS, 

Air  Compressors, 

Rock  Drills,  Etc. 

GENERAL  MILL  AND 
MINING  SUPPLIES,  ETC. 
Sectional  Machinery 

FOR 

\IULE-BACK 

TRANSPORTATION. 


Pumping  Engines 

and  Cornish 

Pumping  Machinery, 

IMPROVED 
WATER    JACKET 

Blast  Furnaces  for 
Ca1ena&  Copper  Ores, 

SLAG  GARS  AND  POTS, 

Roots  &  Baker 
Pressure  Blowers, 

1  LLT^^'  SUSPENDED 
•S**       ~     '  TRAMWAYS. 


General  Offices  and  Works:     FULTON  AND  UNION  STS.,  CHICAGO,   iLL. 


BRANCH  OFFICES: 


NEW  YORK,  Room  43 
7  W.  Second  South 
CallB  de  Juarez.        LIMA,  PERU,  South  America. 
SOLE    WESTERN    AGENTS    FOB 


,  No.  2  Wall  St.  DENVER,  COLO.,  1316  Eighteenth  St.  SALT  LAKE  CITY,  UTAH, 
St.  LONDON,  ENC,  23  Bucklersbury,  E.  C.  CHIHUAHUA  CITY,  MEXICO,  No.  I  I 
JOHANNESBURG,  TRANSVAAL;  South  Africa. 

TYLEB    WIBB    WOBKa    DOUBLE    ORIMPBD    MINING    CLOTHS. 


TSE     PELTON     WATER     WHEEL 

GIVES    THE    HIGHEST    EFFICIENCY    OF    ANY    WHEEL    IN     THE    WORLD. 


^#-^^'5s^\^ttRING 


>^^ 
%/^^ 


OVER  800  ALREADY  IN  USE. 

Affords  the  Most  Simple  and  Reliable   Power  for  all 
Mining   and   Manufaotaring   Machinery. 
Adapted  to  heads  running  from  20  up  to  2,000  feet. 
From  12  to  20  per  cent  better  resnlts  guaranteed  than 
can  be  produced  from  any  other  Wheel  in  the  Goantry. 

ELECTRIC  TRANSMISSION. 

Power  rem  theae  Wheels  oan  be  transmitted  long 
distances  with  small  loss,  and  is  now  extensively  used  in 
all  parts  of  the  country  for  generating  both  power  and 
light. 

APPLICATIONS 

Should  Btate  amount,  and  head  of  water,  power  required, 
and  for  what  purpose  ;  with  approximate  length  of  pipe  ; 
also,  whether  the  application  is  with  reference  to  WhiseU 
or  Motors  described  below.     SEND  FOR  CIRCULARS. 

The  Pelton  Water  Wheel  Co. 

121  MAIIT  ST.,  SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 

Varying  from  the  fraction  of  1  up  to  15  and  20-horse  power.     Unequaled  for   all   light-runnine  machinery.     Warranted  to  develop  a  given 
amount  of  power  with  one-half  the  water  required  by  any  other.    US'  SEND  FOR  MOTOR  CIRCULAR.    ADDRESS  AS  ABOVE. "S* 


ESXjTOIST      "W-A-T7E3 


JAMBS    LBFPBL'S 

Mining  Turbine  Water  Wheel. 

These  Wheels  are  designed  for  all  pxirpoBes  where  limited  quantltlea  of  water  and 
high  heads  are  utilized,  aod  are  gruaranteed  to  give  more  power  with  less  water  than 
any  other  wheel  made.  Being  placed  on  horizontal  shaft,  the  power  Is  transmitted 
direct  to  shafting  by  belts,  dispensing  with  gearing. 

Estimates  furnished  on  application  for  wheels  specially  built  and  adapted  in 
capacity  to  suit  any  particular  case. 

Further  information  can  be  obtained  of  this  form  of  construction,  as  well  as  the 
ordinary  Vertical  Turbines  for  Wooden  Penstocks  and  in  Iron  Qlobe  Cases,  tree  of  cost, 
by  applying  to  the  manufacturers. 

JAMES    LEFFEL    &    CO.. 
Springfield,  Ohio,  or  110  Liberty  St.,  New  York. 

FBASER    ts   CHALMERS,  General  Asents, 

Chicago,  III.,  and  Denver,  CoL 

PARKE    St   LACY,  General  Agents,  San  Francisco,  CaL 


CALIFORNIA    IRON  YARD. 

HBNRY  J.  ROGERS  &  CO. 

Successors  to  CHAS.  CALLAHAN 
IMPORTERS  AND  DEALBRB  IN 

CAST  and  WROUGHT  IRON  SCRAP 

SECOND-HANS     BOII,£)RS 

AND  OLD  MACHINEKT 

Of  every  deeorlption. 

Tie  Higlest  Price  paMfor  all  MMs  ol  Metals. 

Offioe  and  Yard:    138  and  130  Folsom  St.,S.  F. 

Telephone  No.  67. 


Should  conault 
DEWEY&CO 

AME  R  I  OAN 


California  Inventors 

AND  Foreign  Patent  Solicitors,  for  obtaining  Patents 
and  Caveats,  Established  in  I860.  Their  long  experience  aa 
journalists  and  large  practice  as  Patent  attorneys  enables 
them  to  o£Eer  Paoinc  Coast  Inventors  far  better  Burvice  than 
they  can  obtain  elsewhere.  Sendfor  free  circulars  of  Infor- 
mation. Officeof  the  Mining  andSoientifio  Press  and 
FAOlFloBtTKALFSESB  No.  330  Market  S.,  San  Frauciaoo. 
KlBvator,  13  Front  St. 


THOMAS  PRICE  &  SON, 

Assay  Oflace,  Chemical  Laboratory, 

BULLION  ROOMS  and  ORE  FLOORS, 

524  Sacramento  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

COIN  RETURNS  ON  ALL  BULLION  DEPOSITS  IN  24  HOURS. 

WORKING    TESTS    OF    ORES    BY    ALL    PROCESSES. 

SPECIAL  ATTENTION  PAID  TO  CONCENTRATION  OF  ORES. 
Ores  Received  on  Oonsignment,  Sampled,  Assayed,  and  Disposed 
of  in  the  Open  Market  to  the  Highest  Bidder. 


(lletalllirgy  apd  Ore^. 


SELBY 

SMELTING  and  LEAD  CO.. 

416  Hontgomeiy  St.,  San  Francisco. 

GOLD    AND    SILVER    REFINERY 
And  Assay  Office. 

Highest  Prices  Paid  for  Gold,  Silver  and 
Lead  Ores  and  Snlphorets. 

UAinJFAOTDKBRB  0F«.*. 

BLUESTONE, 

LEAD  PIPE, 

SHEET  LEAD, 

SHOT,  Etc.,  Etc. 

ALSO  UANnFAOTURBES    OP 

Standard    Sliot-Gun    Cartridges, 

Under  Chamberlin  Patent 


JOHN  TAYLOR  &  CO.. 

IHFORTBRa  AND  DHALBRS  IN 

ASSAYERS'    IVIATERIALS,    MINE 
AND  IVIILL  SUPPLIES, 

ALSO  CHEMICALS,   AND    PHYSICAL.  SCHOOL    AND 

CHEMICAL  APPARATUS. 
68  &  65  First  St.»  cor.  Misalon.San  Franoisoo. 

^y.-^      We  would  call  the  attention  of 


AssayerB,  Chemieta,  Mining  Com- 
panies, Milling  Companies,  Proa- 
pectors,  eto.,  to  our  full  stock  of 
Balances,  Fumacea,  Muffles,  Craoibles,  Soori- 
flera,  etc,  inotuding,  alao,  a  toll  stock  of 
Chemioals. 

Having  been  engaged  In  furnishing  theae  sup- 
plies 'sioot  the  first  discovery  of  mines  on  the 
Faciflo  Coast,  we  feel  confident  from  our  experi- 
ence we  can  well  auit  the  demand  for  these 
goods,  both  aa  to  quality  and  price. 

Agents  for  the  Morgan  Crnolble  Co.» 
Battereea,  England.  Also  for  F.  G.  Deunlo- 
ton's  Silver  Plated  Amalgam  Plates.  The  plates 
of  this  well-known  manufacturer  are  thoroughly  relia- 
ble, and  full  weight  of  Silver  guaranteed.  Ordeia  taken 
at  bia  lowest  prices.  Our  Illustrated  Catalogue  and  Aa 
Bay  Tables  sent  free  on  application. 

JOHN  TAYLOB  A  OO. 


Nevada  Metallurgical  Works. 

NO.  28  STEVENSON  STREET, 

Near  First  and  Market  Streets,  S.  F. 

0.  A.  Ldoehardt.  Manager.  Estabushxd  1800 

Ores  worked  by  any  Prooess. 
Ores  Sampled, 

Assaying  in  all  its  Branches. 
Analyses  of  Ores,  Minerals,  Waters,  eto. 
Working  Teats  (practical)  Made. 
Flans  and  Specifications  furnished  for   the 
most  suitable  Process  for  Working  Ores, 

Special  attention  paid   to  Examinations  of 
Mines;  Plans  and  Reports  furnished. 

O.  A.  LUOKHARDT  As  OO^ 
(Formerly  Huhn  &  Luckhardt, 
AClnlns  Enerlneers  and  Metallorcrlsts 


GREAT    REDUCTION! 
BATTERY~~SOREENS. 

Beat  and  Cheapest  in  America, 

No  imitation,  no  deception,  no  planished  or  rotten 
Iron  used.  Only  genuine  Russia  iron  in  Quartz  Soreena. 
Planished  iron  screens  at  nearly  half  my  former  rates.- 

I  ba\e  a  large  supply  of  Battery  Screens  oo  hand 
suitable  for  the  Huntington  and  all  Stamp  Mills,  which  I 
will  sell  at  20  per  cent  ddscouot. 


PERFORATED  SHEET  METAL 

For  Flour  and  Rice  Mills,  Grain  Separators,  Revolving 
and  Shot  Screena,  Stamp  Batteries  and  all  kinds  of  Min 
Ing  and  Milling  Machinery.  Iron,  Steel,  Copper,  Brass. 
Zinc  and  other  metals  punched  for  all  uses. 

Inventor  and  Manufacturer  of  the  celebrated  Slot  Cut 
or  burred  and  Slot  Punched  Screena. 

Mining  Screens  a  specialty,  from  No.  1  to  16  (flnej. 
Orders  promptly  attended  to. 

San  Francisco  Pioneer  Screen  Works, 

aai  &  228  First  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

JOHN  W.  QUICK,  Proprietor. 


WINCHESTER  HOUSE. 

41  Third  Street,     ■      San  Francisco,  Cal. 

This  Fire  proof  Brick  Building  iB  centrally  located,  in 
the  liealtfaiest  part  of  the  city,  only  a  half  block  from  tlie 
Grand  and  Palace  Hotels,  and  close  to  all  Steamboat  and 
Kailroad  Offices. 

Laundry  Free  for  the  use  of  Families. 


HOT  ANDCOI-D  BATHS  FBEE. 


Terms,  Board  and  Room,  $1.09  per  Day 

And  Upward. 

Eooms  with  or  without  Board, 

Free  Coach  to  the  Eonae 


Apbil  i9.  1890.1 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


27S 


BALDWIN     LOCOMOTIVE    WORKS. 


ANNUAL  CAPACITY  800. 


ESTABLISHED  1831. 


LOCOMOTIVE    ENGINES! 

Adapted  to  even'  variety  oftiervlce,  and  built  Acciirntely  in  Rtamlard  gauges  and  tcmpIatCM.     Like  purl- 
ordliVerent  cn^ibes  of  humc  class  perfeclly  IntercbaiiRentjK*. 

Broad  and  Narrow  (iaage  I-ocomoiive-,  Mlno   Locomutlves  by  Steam  or  Conipressed  Air,  I'luniAilou 
I.DCoiiiolives,  Nui'-ele.'-a  Mniois  for  Strt'et  Railways,  Furnat-e  Locomotive^,  etc.  —      t-  _  '- ,^  r-^-     _■         --  ^__f^-— 

BURNHAM.  PARRY,  WILLIAMS  &  CO.,  Proprietors.  PHILADELPHIA,  PA. 

KROGH'S  MINING  HORSE-POWER  HOIST 


;i  toLctho 


■V' 


ler 


K.-t  Hi. 

l[iji>tt   II. .v%   iimile. 

It    io    ntruuK    uod 

durable. 

Ttie  drum  ulU 
Cftiry  1000  fwt  of 
llvo-«It'litli3  steel 
ropi^  it  cuQ  be 
lUHil  tu  ruu  a 
liuiiiii  -or  blower. 
In   ooiijuncttoo 

with   llulAtlDg. 

Mauufactiirod  by 

F,  W.  Krogli 


51    BKALK    ST., 
Hau  Wauclsico. 


'...  --S\"tofeX;^g;-_  - 


PRACTICAL 

Books  on  Mining 

AND  IRRIGATION. 

Descriptive  Cat&Ioifuo  and  Circulitrs  of  Books  relating 
to  Assaying,  Mlolog,  Electricity  aod  Mechanical  EoRlncer- 
iD^,  9eiit  frflo  CO  application. 

E.  &  F.  N.  8PON,  Publishers, 

12  Cortlnndt  St..  New  York. 


FRANCIS  SMITE  &  CO. 

Uanutacturors  of 

Sheetlron  and  Steel 


ALL    SIZES. 

130  Beale  Street,         San  Francisco,  Cal 


Iron  cut,  punched  and  (ormcd,  for  matfln^  pipe  oc 
ground  All  klDdB  of  TooIb  Bupplied  for  making  Pipe. 
Estimates  given.  Are  propared  for  coating  all  sizes  of 
Pipe  with  a  composition  of  Coal  Tar  and  Asphaltum. 


Onfl  Ohmen's    12t12  Automatic   Engine; 
beat  style  in  U8fi    Also.  1  Boiler  4S  in.  x  16  ft.  Both  nearly 
new.    Apply  to     j.  W.  QDICK,  a21  First  St., 
(Top  Floor)  San  Prancleco,  Oal, 


JOSHUA  HENDY  MACHINE  WORKS, 

Not.  39  to  51   FREMONT  STREET,  SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 

I 


"HENDY"    IMPROVED    '*  CHALLENGE "    ORB    FEEDER. 
The  teat  form  of  Feeder  ever  devised,  and  pronounced  by  reputable  mining  men  to  be  fai 
Buperior  to  any  form  of  **  Roller"  Feeder  manufactured.     We  refer  to  the  follow- 
ing gentlemen  who  have  furnished  ua  with  testimonial  letters  to  the 
above  effect,  which  can  be  seen  at  our  office,   viz.: 


N.  V7.  Ceockeb,  Supt.  Bunker  Hill  Gold  Min- 
ing Co.,  Amador  City,  Oal. 
W.  G.  Roberts,  Greenwood,  El  Dorado  Co.,  Cal. 


D.  O.WiCKHAM,  Taylor  Mine,  Greenwood,  Cal. 
J.  R.  Tregloan,  Supt.  South  Spring  Hill  Gold 
Mining  Co.,  Amador  City,  Cal. 


WE   ARE   MANUFACTURERS   OF  THE 


"CHALLENGE,"   STANFORD,"  '  TULLOCK,"  &    ROLLER"  FEEDERS, 

And  will  furniah  descriptive  Catalogues  and  quote  prices  upon  application. 

SAN  FRANCISCO  TOOL  CO,, 

MANUFAOTUBBRS    OF 

IRRIGATING  PUMPS 

AND 

Machinery  of  all   Kinds. 

PACIFIC  COAST  AGENTS 

BABOOOK    &    WILOOX 

Patent  Water  Tube  Steam  Boilers. 

Sstlmates  FnruiBlied  on  Application. 


^SeDd  for  OatalogueB. 


OKNTBIFVGAL    FUMP. 


FIRST  and  STEVENSON  STS..  S.  F. 


IMPROVED  FORM  OF  HYDRAULIC  GIANTS. 


THE  ABOVE  CUT  ILLUSTRATES  THE  IMPROVED  FORM  OF  DOUBLE-JOINTED  HY- 
DRAULIC GIANTS  which  we  manufacture.  We  guarantee  purchasers  of  thia  form  of  Gianta  against  all 
costs,  expenses  or  damages  which  may  ariae  from  any  arlverse  suits  or  actions  at  law.  We  are  further  prepared  to 
furnish  Singile-Joliited  Giants  when  required.  Prices,  discounts  and  Catalogues  of  our  specialties  of  hy- 
draulic Mining  Machinery  sent  on  application. 

JOSHUA  HENDY  MACHINE  WORKS.  39  to  51  Fremont  <'t..  San  Francisco. 


FRISBEE-LUCOP  MILL  CO., 


-MANUPACTUEBRS    OF- 


Centrifugal  Roller  Steel  Mills, 

FOR  PULVERIZING  ORES,  WET  OR  DRY, 

For  Amalgamation  or  Concentration,  and  for  Manufacture  of  Cement,  Fertilizers,  Paint, 
and  all  other  purposes  for  which  grinding  or  pulverizing  is  required. 

Send  for  Catabgue  and  Price  List  to 

FRISBEB  -  LUCOP    MILL    CO., 

145    BROADWAY,    NEW    YORK. 


THE  ROLLER  ORE  FEEDER 


[Patented  May  28,  1382.] 


This  is  tho  best  and  cheapest  Ore  Feeder  now  in  use. 

It  hag  fewer  parts,  requires  less  power,  is  simpler  in 
ftdjustment  than  any  other.  Feeds  coarse  ore  or  soft  clay 
alike  uniformly,  under  one  or  all  the  stamps  in  a  battern 
as  required.  ^.  ,    .     ^ 

In  the  Bunker  Hill  Mill  it  has  run  contmuously  for  two 
yeara,  never  having  been  out  of  order  or  costing  a  dollai 
for  repairs. 

Golden  State  and   Miners'  Iron  Works, 

Sole  Manufacturers. 
S27  First  Street,  San  FranclBOO,  Cal. 


AIR  COMPRESSORS 

For  CATALOGl/ES,  ESTIMATES,  ETC.,  ADOBESS,  .      . 

Clayton  AirCompressor  Works  1 


OF     BROOKLYN,     N    .  Y. 


43  PEY  ST.,  NEW  YORK. 


THE  RUSSELL  PROCESS  COMP'Y. 

TALCOTT  H.  RUSSELL,  Secretary, 
NEW  HAVEN  CONN. 

p.  O.  Box  496. 


VAN    DUZEN'S 

STEAMjetPUMP 

For  MILLS,  FACTORIES,  SHOPS,  ETC. 

For  Elovalins  aiirf  Coiiveyingr  r.iqiii<l»t. 
For  Emptying:  PitM,  .Sinl£s,  Cei^spoolii,  etc., 

aiifl  as  a  Fire  Pump. 
10  Sizes.  87toS75.  Every  Pump  warraateU. 

Write  for  Descriptive  Pump  Circular,  v. 

Vf  ly   DUZEN  4,  TIFT,  CINCINNATI,  O. 


274 


MmiNG  AND  Scientific  Press. 


[April  19,  1890 


IIQaf^ket  ^epof^ts. 


Local  Markets. 

San  Francisco,  April  17, 1890. 
Continued    dear   weather   and   improved   inland 
transportation  facilities  bring  in    more   trade.     The 
volume  of  goods    going    out    on    orders   is   large, 
larger  than  at  this  time  in  1889. 

The  iron-molders'  strike  is  still  on.  Founders 
appi'ar  more  cheerful  and  express  confidence  in 
their  ultimate  success.  This  opinion  is  grounded 
on  their  securing  more  molders  as  each  week  rolls 
around. 

The  money  market  show3  continued  ease.  Re- 
mittances trom  the  interior  are  fairly  free,  while  the 
ca  1  lor  accommodations  is  not  very  marked. 
Wools  are  moving  freely,  consequently  the  demand 
for  funds  on  warehouse  receipts  from  that  source 
is  not  as  large  as  it  was  at  this  time  in  1889.  The 
moviug  of  the  clip  gives  exchange  on  New  York, 
which  is  very  opportune  considering  that  very  tew 
of  our  other  products  are  being  shipped  to  the  East 
owing  to  being  out  of  season. 

MEXICAN  DOLLARS  —  The  demand  con- 
tinues light.  The  market  has  advanced  in  sympa- 
thy Vk'ith  an  advance  in  silver.  The  market  closed 
to  day  at  78c@78J^c.  The  last  steamer  for  China 
took  out  $141,985. 

SILVER — The  Congressional  Committees,  having 
the  silver  bills  in  charge,  have  virtually  agreed  upon 
the  Senate  bill.  This  is  equivalent  to  passing  both 
branches  of  Congress;  no  doubt  to  this  is  due  the 
strength  of  silver  in  the  markets  of  the  world,  and 
which  now  promises,  with  the  passage  of  the  bill  and 
its  approval  by  the  President,  still  higher  prices, 
with,  eventually,  its  gradually  working  up  to  par. 
The  advance  in  silver  abroad  and  sterling  bills  going 
up,  are  bringing  exporters  into  the  market  who 
naturally  look  forward  to  an  improved  demand  later 
on  for  exchange  purposes. 

The  local  market  has  advanced  until  99  cents  is 
paid  by  the  Mint.  An  exporter  quoted  us  this 
morning  over  $1  as  his  price  to-day,  yet  he  stated 
the  market  was  feverish  and  excited  abroad,  which 
might  make  the  price  fluctuate.  To-day's  telegrams 
quote  the  London  market  at  465^d,  and  the  New 
York  market  at  $i.%. 

QUICKSILVER— Receipts  the  past  week  aggre- 
gate 94,  flasks.  The  overland  shipments  in  last 
month  aggregate  27,000  lbs.  The  home  demand 
continues  free,  said  to  be  larger  than  for  several  years 
past.  The  market  is  reported  firm  at  unchanged 
quotations.  There  was  shipped  by  sea  the  past 
week  200  flasks  in  transit  to  Mexico. 

BORAX — The  overland  shipments  last  month  ag- 
gregate 1062  ctls.  The  market  continues  firm  at  full 
quotations.  The  Eist  reports  a  steady  market. 
Last  week  there  was  shipped  by  sea  1994  lbs.  to 
Mexico. 

LIME— Receipts  the  past  week  asrgregate  5295 
bbls.,  and  exports  by  sea  250  bbls.  to  Kahului.  The 
market  shows  continued  activity  under  a  large  in- 
creasing home  consumption. 

LEAD— The  exports  by  sea  the  past  week  aggre- 
gated 90,653  lbs.  to  New  York.  Receipts  here  show 
a  slight  increase.  The  consumption  is  reported  to 
be  larger.  At  the  East  the  market  has  receded  un- 
der a  lighter  demand  and  fair  receipts, 

TIN— Imports  the  past  week  aggregate  2268  in- 
gots  from  Australia,  and  the  exports  4061  lbs.  to 
Victoria.  Canners  are  busy.  It  now  looks  as  if 
more  cans  will  be  made  this  year  than  there  were  in 
1889.  Both  salmon  and  fruit  canners  look  for  a 
more  active  season.  In  roofing  and  other  tin  it  is 
claimed  that  the  consumption  is  enlarging.  London 
cable  advices  report  the  stock  at  shipping  points 
538,000  boxes  against  351,000  boxes  at  the  corre- 
sponding time  last  year. 

IRON— In  the  local  market  there  are  no  new 
features  to  note.  The  founders  are  gradually  in- 
creasing the  number  of  molders  at  work,  and  as  a 
result  more  iron  is  going  into  consumption.  While 
there  is  an  easier  tone  to  the  market,  yet  quotations 
remain  unchanged.  Eastern  advices  are  confirm- 
atory of  large  quantities  being  delivered;  the  low 
prices,  about  the  same  that  were  current  the  forepart 
of  last  summer,  induce  buying.  Bessemer  pig  sold 
as  low  as  $17.65,  but  closed  at  $18  cash  bid.  South- 
ern furnace-men  continue  their  close  competition  in 
the  northern  markets,  underselling  the  home  fur- 
nace-men. 

COPPER — The  markets,  the  world  over,  are  re- 
ported strong,  with  stocks  being  steadily  reduced. 
The  enlarged  demand  for  copper  is  due  to  the  in- 
creasing uses  it  is  being  converted  to.  This  naturally 
encourages  mine-owners,  who  see  in  the  future  not 
only  a  stable  but  a  strong  market.  The  consump- 
tion in  this  country  has  increased  to  such  an  extent 
that  the  export  shipments  from  the  Atlantic  sea- 
ports are  greatly  reduced, 

COAL— Imports  the  past  week  aggregate  as  fol- 
lows :  Ndwiaitle,  N.  S.  W.,  2213  tons;  Tacoma, 
52X);  Spittle,  4i6i;  Nanaimo,  2300;  Departure 
B  ly,  3500;  Co  )S  Bay,.  400;  overland,  20;  total, 
18.194  ions.  The  market  lor  ste^m  and  gas  coals 
is  very  strong,  with  light  stocks  here  and  to  arrive. 
Coa--t  coals  are  steady.  The;  output  of  the  col- 
lieries is  sn  regulated  as  not  to  produce  too  much 
of  a  su-'piu^.  The  railroads  are  using  quite  large- 
ly co-ist  coals,  wh  ch  aids  materially  in  keiping  the 
market  well  in  hand. 


MINING    SHAREHOLDERS'     DIRECTORY. 

COUPILBD  BVERY  THURSDAY    FROM  ADVERTISBMBHTS  IN  THB  MINING  AND  SCIBNXIFIC  PRBSS  AND  OTHBft  S.  F.  JOURNALS 

ASSESSMENTS. 

CojiPANY.  Location.  No.  Am't.  Lbvibd.    Dhlinq't. 


Eastern  Metal  Markets. 

By  Telegraph 
New  York,  April  17,  1890. — The  following  are 
the  closing  prices  the  past  week: 
Silver  in     Silver  in 
London.   New  York, 
■fhur9<iay....44i  96^ 

Friday 4-1^ 

Saturday  —  i4J 
Monday  ...  Ail 
Tuesday  ... .45 
WedueBdftv..46| 


('opper. 

Lead. 

S14  V6 

Si  S7i 

14  25 

3  HU 

1-1  25 

3  S'l 

14  26 

3  S7i 

14  25 

3  S7i 

14  26 

3  STi 

Tin. 
S19  85 
19  65 
19  65 
19  65 
19  65 
19  80 


908 

97J 

9SJ 

99J 

New  York.  April  15.  — Qaick&ilvr  and  borax  are 
unchanged.  The  metal  markets  were  generally 
dull,  copper  b^in^  the  only  item  shewing  firmness; 
Lake,  held  I4>^@i4!<c.  refn.'ied carting  i2)i@i3'/ic. 
Pig  lead,  about  300  tons,  $3.85. 

The  manager  reports  that  495,000  people 
have  visited   "California  on   Wheels"  up    to 


AlabamaM  Co Nevada..  1. 

Alpha  ConsM  Co Nevada..  4.. 

Andes  S  M  Co Nevada.. 36.. 

Bailey  ]M  Co Nevada.,  i.. 

Confidence  S  M  Co Nevada.. 15.. 

Eaat  Best  &  Belcher  M  Co...  .Nevada 1. . 

Eureka  Cona  Drift  M  Co California..  1.. 

Hale  &  NorcrossM  Co Nevada.  .95.. 

Hartford  M  Co Nevada. .  7. . 

Holmes  M  Co Nevada..  11.. 

Humboldt  MCo Nevada. .  1 . . 

Indian  Creek  M  Co California..  1.. 

Martin  White  M  Co Nevada.  .23. . 

Ma',  dower  Gravel  M  Co Califor  ia..46.. 

Navajo  M  Co Nevada.. 20. . 

North  Belle  Isle  M  Co Nevada.  .17.. 

North  Occidental  M  Co Nevada..  2.. 

Ophir  M  Co Nevada.. 11.. 

I'eerlessM  Co Arizoaa..  5.. 

Potnsi  M  Co N  evada.  .34. . 

Quaker  G  M  Co California.  .18. . 

Silver  HiU  M  Co Nevada.  .26. . 

Standard  Cons.  M  Co Calif  mia. .  2. . 

Union  Cons  M  Co Nevada,. 40.. 

Utah  ConsM  Co Nevada..  9.. 


,..Apr  22 
..Miy  16. 
..May  14. 

,..Apr  22. 
..Adr  16. 
.Mar  14. 


.Mar  IS, 
25. .Apr  5. 
25. .Apr   10. 

8.. Mar  18 
75.. Mar  12, 
25.. Feb  U. 

3. .Feb    24... .Apr    5 
50. .Apr     9...  May  14. 

2. .Apr     8,, ..May  15 
25. .Mar  16. ...Apr  17. 

8..  Mar  18. 
10.. Mar  12.. 
25.. Feb  12., 
50,, Mar  8., 
60,,  Apr  8,, 
20,,  Apr     S,, 

6., Mar  31, 
25,,  Mar  12,, 
10, Mar  28.. 
60  Mar  27,, 
20, .Mar  8., 
VO,,Apr  14. 
25,, Mat  4,, 
25, , Mar    ^ 


Apr  22., 

.Apr  14.. 
..Mar  31.. 

.Apr  10.. 

.May  15.. 

.May  14.. 
.  May   5. . 
.Apr  17. 
.Apr  30.. 

Apr  30.. 

.Apr    5. 
..May  20. 

.Apr  14.. 

.Apt  10. 

.Apt  17. 


.Sale.     Seoretart.  Place  of  Business. 

,Mayl3..WH  Watson 302  Montgomery  St 

June  6.  .C  S  Elliott 309  MoutgoniTy  St 

.June  3..J  J  Hawkins 309  Montgomety  St 

,Mayl3,.WH  Watson 302  Montgomery  St 

May  7. .  A  S  Grooh 414  CaUfornia  St 

Mar  31.. 0  H  Mason 331  Montgomery  8t 

Apt  28..WHRabe 224  Montgomery  St 

■  June  5, .A  B  Toompsou 309  Montgomety  St 

June  6. .J  Hettraann 303  Califoinia  St 

.May  8    C  E  Elliott 309  Montgomety  St 

.May  13.. W  H  Watson 302  Montgomety  Ss 

Mayl4..SC  Mills 419  California  St 

Apt  30..  A  B  Cooper 325  Mi.  ntgomeiy  St 

..May  1..J  Motizio 328  Montgomery  St 

..June  6..J  WPew 3lO  Pine  St 

..Juue  5.  JWPew 310  Pine  St 

..  May  26  -WHWatson 31  2  Montgomety  St 

..May    S..0  S  Elliott 309  Montgomery  St 

.  June  9..  A  Waterman 308  Montgomery  Kt 

.May  21 .  .C  E  Elliott 309  Montgomery  St 

.May  5..  A  Chetninant 32S  Moo'eomety  St 

...June  U,,D  C  Bates 309  Montgomery  St 

..May  19..  J  WPew 31iPi,ioSt 

..Apr  30..JMBuffingtou 303  California  St 

.  May  5..A.H  Pish 3C9  Montgomery  St 


Mar  11 
MBETINQS  TO  BE  HELD. 

w^ME  or  PoMPANT.  LooATioN.    Seoretajiy  Offtce  IN  8,  F  Meettno  D*tk 

Baltimore  8  M  Co Nevada..  A  K  Grim  402  Montgomery  St  Annual Apr  18 

Calif  otnia  Ito  ,  &  Steel  Co Calif  otuia..P  Bouacina 43S  California  St Annual Apr  21 

Clnir  h  G  M  Co  California.  .J  M  Buthugton     303  California  St Annual May  5 

Morgan  M  Co     LCEresse 23    Montgomery  St  Annual May  3 

Natoma  M  &  M  Co California.. D  H  Ward ,  .5i8  California  St Special May  I 

Russel  deduction  &  M  Co Califoraia. . J  Morizio 32S  Montgomery  St Annual Apt  21 

Teresa  M  Co A  Cheminant 328  Montgomery  St Annual Apr  30 

LATEST  DIVIDENDS- WITHIN  THBEii  MONTHS. 

Name  of  Company.  Location.      Secebtabt.  Office  in  S.  f  Amount.  Payable 

Chami'ion  M  Co California..!' Wetzel 5?2  Montgomery  St 10  Jan  20 

Candelaria  Cons  M  Co Mexico.. G  Gato 309  Montgomery  St 25 Apr  5 

Caledouia  M  C Nevada.  .A  S  Chemiuaut 328  MontgomeiT  St OS Apr  I 

Con  California  &  Va  M  f^o Nevada..  A  W  Havena 309  Montgomery  St 25  Feb  10 

Derbec  Blue  Gravtl  M  Co California.  .T  WetzeL 522  Montgomery  St 10 Dec  23 

Idaho  M  Co California Grass  Valley 2  50 Mar  7 

Mt  Diablo  MCo Nevada.  .R  Heath 319  Pine  , St 30 Oct  2 1 

Pacific  Borax  Salt  &  Soda  Co.  ..California.. A  H  Clough 230  Montgomety  St 1  00  Feb  10 


Table  of  Lowest  and  Highest  Sales  in 
S.  F.  Stock  Exchange. 


Name  of 
Company. 


Alpha 

Alta 

Andes 

Belchet 

Best  &  Belcher.,.. 

Bullion 

Bodie  Con 

Bulwet 

Commonwealth  . . . 
Con.  Va.  &Cal,... 

Challenge 

ChoUat 

Confidence 

Con.  Ijnpeiial 

Caledonia 

Crown  Point 

Crocker 

Del  Monte 

EuteEa  Con 

Exchequer 

Grand  Prize 

Gould  &  Curry.... 
Hale  &  Norcioss. . 

Julia 

Justice 

Kentuck 

Lady  Wash 

Mono 

Mexican 

Navajo 

North  Belle  Isle... 

Nev.  Queen 

Occidental 

Ophir 

Ovetman 

Potosi 

Peerless 

Peet 


.85  1.10 

1.10  1.16 

.40      .50 

1.40  1 

2.60  2 

.60  1.00 

.46       .60 

.20  ... 

2,60  2.8- 

4.16  4.45 

1,15  1.40 

2.10  2.9J 

2.75 

.35  .40 

.20 

1.60  1.95 

.25  .30 

.90  1.05 


S.B.SM 

Sierra  Nevada. . . , , 

Silver  Hill 

Scotpion 

Union  Con 

Utali 

ITellow  Jacket 


Week 
Ending 
Mat.  27, 


l.CO  1.40 

1.20  1.45 

.65 

2.05  2.75 

3.00  3.7 

1.10  1.30 

.50  .60 

.20 

2  60  2  80 

4.40  4.95 

1.60  1.911 

3.20  5.00 

3.00  4.00 

.40  .45 

.25  .3 

2.05  2  65 

.25  .35 

.95  1,10 


.45  .65 
.60      .65 

1.26  1.50 

2.30  2. Si) 
.35      .50 

1.30  .. 

.75  ,, 

.30  .. 

.30  .. 

2.85  3.20 
,25 

1.20  1.30 
.65  .75 
.-80      .85 

.70  4.10 

.85  1.05 

2.00  3.80 
16 

.20  . 

1  50  1 

1.00  1.60 

2.00  2.40 
30 
15      .25 

2.10  2.30 
,55 

1,90  2,05 


Week 

Ending 
Apt.  3. 


4.46    5.37:4  85 

1.65    1.85  1.90  3.70 

3  65    5.U0i3.25  5.00 

3.60    4. CO  4.00  8.00 

40  .55 


60      .70 

60 

60    2.15 

2,80    3,56 

,40       ,fO 

1,36    1,70 

1,00 

,30 

.40 

3.25    3.95 


1.10  1.20 
.65 

1.00  1.25 

4.15  4.711 

1.10  1  45 

4.40  6.50 

.20 

.20 
1.S1 

1.35  1.75 

2.3'l  2 

35  .50 
26 

2.30  2.75 

."  ,85 

2.20  2.75 


Week 
Ending 
Apt.  10. 


1  05 
1.15 


Ending 
Apt.  17. 


1.15 
1,25 
.65 
2.00  2.40 
2.95  3.60 
1,00  1.25 
..  .55 
,20  .... 
2.60    2.S5 


1.10  1,45 

il.25  1.40 

,60  .70 

2.16  2,65 

3.25  3.95 

1.15  1.60 

.60  .70 

.25  ... 

2.50  2.55 


25  ,35 

2,05  2,65 

,30  ,,,, 

1  00  1,10 

00  .... 

60  .65 

30  .35 


.35 

2.50    3.10 

25      .30 

85    1.00 


.65 


.90 


1  65    2.05  1.75    2.25 


2  60 

3  in 

2  .50 

3  (6 

311 

4( 

.•»! 

4(1 

1  26 

1  11 

1  35 

1  50 

811 

K5 

1,06 

1,26 

3(1 

16 

,35 

45 

3  25 

A  0(1 

3  61) 

4  J5 

15 

2.6 

1  10 

1  nil 

,6(1 

60 

1  m 

I  16 

1  115 

1,65 

i  110 

6  12 

4,30 

5,00 

1  311 

I  45 

1   l,-! 

1   /5 

3,46 

6  IKI 

3  6,6 

6  37 

211 

211 

26 

15 

2(1 

SO 

3:i 

1.90 

2.40 

2,00 

2  40 

1,35    1,5011,35    1,75 


,25  2,90 

,35 

,20 

2.35  2,90 

60  ,75 

2.20  2.75 


2.60  2.95 

35  , 

25  ,31 

2,80  3,45 

75  1,20 

2  65  3,10 


Sales  at  San  Francisco  Stock  Exchange. 


Thursday,  Apt,  17, 9:30  a.  m 


300  Alpha 

...1.15 

150  Belchet 

....2.35 

150  B,  K  Belchet. .... 

...3.35 

1850  BnlUon 

...1.25 

150  ChaUence 

...2.86 

400  ChoUar 

...3.50 

...2  65 

150  Con,  Imperial 

....40c 

240  Con,  CaL  &  Va.. 

...4  80 

150  Exchequer 

.,,.75e 

130  G.&C 

...l.SO 

415  Hale  4  Not 

...2.75 

50  Holmes 

...i.e.'^ 

200  Julia 30c 

250  JuBtice 1.35 

100  Mexican 3.60 

ISO  Navajo 2nc 

500  N.  r!ommonwealth..'1.15 

lOo  Occident 1.45 

510  Ophir 4.35 

460  Overman 1.50 

1000  Potosi 3.95 

350  Savage 2.05 

600  Scorpion 25c 

200  S.  B.  &M 1.40 

300  Sierra  Nevada 2.70 

100  Silver  King 70c 

700  Utah. 1.10 

760  Union 2.9") 

430  Yellow  Jacitet 2.70 


BuUion  Shipments. 


We  quote  shipments  since  our  last  and  shall  be 
pleased  to  receive  further  reports  : 

Mt.  Diablo,  April  i6.  $9084;  Cons.  California  and 
Virginia,  12,  $56,147;  Overman  (for  March),  $13,- 
709;  Savage  (for  March),  $28,855;  Hanauer, 
$1975. 


Attention, 


Southern 
Miners. 


Oalifornia 


WORKS   FOR   SALE. 

The  Works  are  situated  at  Daggett,  Cal.,  in  the 
Cahco  Mining  District,  and  on  the  side-track  of  the 
Atlantic  and  Pacific  Railroad.  They  contain  a  first- 
class  50-horse  power  Engine  and  45-horse  power 
boiler,  with  Ore  Crusher  and  other  machinery,  Mill 
Scales,  Assaying  Outfit,  etc,  all  nearly  new.  Also 
upon  the  premises  an  office  building  and  a  comfort- 
able dwelling-house  (portable).  The  above  c^in  be 
had  at  a  bargain.  Apply  to  GILLISPY  &  CHILDS, 
123  California  St.,  San  Francisco. 


Csr^220MARKE:T.ST.S.r., 
V_f LEVATOR  12   FRONT.  ST.S.F -^ 


Oar  Agents. 

OnR  Pribnds  can  do  much  In  aid  of  our  paper  and  tht 
cauBe  of  practical  knowledge  and  science,  by  assisting 
Agents  in  their  labors  of  canvassing,  by  lending-  their  lu 
fluenoe  and  eDCouraging;  favors.  We  intend  to  send  nont 
but  worthy  men. 

J.  C.  HoAQ — San  Francisco. 

R.  Q.  Bailey— San  Francisco. 

E,  B.  Blickman— ''anta  Cruz  Co. 

Samoel  Cliff— San  Luis  Obiapn  Co. 

0,  J.  Wade — San  Bernardiuo  Co. 

W.  W.  Thbobalds  -Los  Angel'-s  Cn 

E.  H,  ScuAKFFLK — Amadof  and  Tuolumne  Cos. 

Frank  S.  Chapdj— Colusa  and  Teham*  Cts 

W.  B.  Frost— Humboldt  Co. 

Oho.  Wilson — Sacramento  Co. 

T   M.  Stacrus— Sierra  Co. 

H.  Kbllry — viodocCo. 

Wu.  H.  HiLLBAHT— Oregon. 

E.  E     Dbmino — Oregon. 

Chas  U    Moody- Oregon. 

R.  G.  Huston— Montana. 

E.  B.  TAFr— San  Joiquin  Co 

John  B.  Hill- Sin  Diego  Co. 

Complimentary  Samples. 

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as  far  as  practicable,  aid  in  oirculating  thf 
journal,  and  making  its  value  more  widely 
known  to  others,  and  extending  its  infiuence  in 
the  oause  it  faithfully  serves.  Subscription 
rate,  $3.00  a  year.  Extra  copies  mailed  for  10 
cents,  if  ordered  soon  enough.  If  already  a 
Bnbsoriber,  pleaae  show  the  pftper  to  otben, 


HORACE  D.  RANLETT, 

Ores,  Mining,  and  Commission, 

420  Montgomery  St..  S.  F. 

Ships  under  advances  to  emelting  works  In  Boston, 
New  York,  Baltimore  and  Liverpool. 

Twenty-one  years'  experience  in  Shipping  Ores  and 
Managing  Minea 

Solicits  Coueignments  of  Copper  Produce  and  Manage- 
ment of  Min'ng  Matters. 

All  business  conducted  on  Cash  Basis. 

Purchase  and  shipment  of  Mining  Supplies  A  Spbcialtt. 

Sales  of  Developed  Copper  Mines  undertaken. 

Business  Manager  of  UwION  COPPER  MINK,  Copper- 
opolis,  Cal.;  NEWTON  COPPER  MINE,  Amador  Co.,  Cal. 


H.  M.  RA.YNOR, 

^fo.  25  Bond  St., 
NEW  YORK, 


ESTABLISHED 
1859 


Laboratory 


Manufecturing  Purposes. 

Wholesale  and  llctaii. 
Hilfcivj  Platinum  and  Scrap  purchased. 


Paul's  Dry  Amalgamating  Barrel  Process. 

The  undersigned  is  prepared  to  erect,  or  furnish  drafts 
for  trecting,  ma'ihlnery,  aleo  iostructlons  for  working 
or.s  by  the  new  patented  DRY  AMALGAMATING 
B\RRKL  PROC-S:i.  I  assert  the  ability  to  overcome 
EVERY  difficulty  connected  with  amalgamating  the 
precious  meta's,  more  especially  gold,  and  to  add  from 
25  to  100  per  cent  to  the  FREE  GOLD  yield  of  any  mill 
working  WET.  Bein^'  the  original  inventor  of  dry  amal- 
gamation, I  have  spent  over  '20  years  perfecting  the  8\b- 
tem,  now  brought  to  a  wonderfully  etficient,  inexpensive 
and  practical  one.  I  caution  all  parties  against  infringe- 
ments.    For  further  particulars,  adfiress 

ALMARIN  B.  PAOL, 
Middle  Creek  P.  O.,  Shasti  County,  California. 


Smelter  For  Sale  or  Exchange. 

One  60-ton,  wrought  iron,  water-jacket  Smelting  Fur- 
nace (38"x60"  at  the  tuj'eres)  of  the  latest  design,  with 
Crusher,  Bl,^wer,  Boiler,  Pumps,  Engines,  Tools,  and 
everything  complete  for  immediate  delivery,  and  only 
used  about  six  months.  Cheap  for  cash,  or  will  exchange 
for  interest  in  a  Lead-Silver  Mine,  or  erect  in  any  mining 
camp  that  will  guarantee  a  certain  output.  For  further 
particulars  address  Box  23,  Elkhom,  MoDtana. 


/I3^e33inept  flotice^. 


AOMB  MiLL  AND  MINING  COMPANY; 
location  of  principal  place  of  business,  San  Fran- 
cisco. California.  Location  of  Works,  Amador  County, 
California. 

Notice  is  hereby  given,  that  at  a  meeting  of  the  Board 
of  Directors,  held  on  the  20th  day  of  March,  1890,  an 
assessment.  No.  10,  of  3  cents  per  share,  waa  levied  upon 
the  Capital  Stock  of  the  Corporation,  payable  im- 
mediately in  United  States  Gold  Coin  to  the  Secretary, 
at  the  office  of  the  Company,  Room  11,  No.  303  Califor- 
nia Street,  San  Francisco,  California. 

Any  stock  dpon  which  this  aosessment  shall  remain 
unpaid  on  the  15th  day  of  May,  1S90,  will  be  delinquent, 
and  advertised  for  sale  at  public  auction;  and  unless 
payment  is  made  before,  will  be  sold  on  MONDAY,  THE 
9  h  DAY  OF  JUNF,  1S90,  to  pay  the  delinquent  assess- 
ment, together  with  the  costs  of  advertising  and  expenses 
of  sale. 

By  order  of  the  Board  of  Directors. 

J.  M.  BUFFINGTON,  Secretary.' 
Office,  Room  11,  No.  303  California  Street,  San  Francisco, 

California. 

GOLD  HILL  MINING  C  OMP/»  NY-Location 
of  principal  place  of  business,  San  Francisco,  Cali- 
fornia; location  of  works,  Grass  Valley,  Nevada  County, 
California. 

Notice  is  herfby  given,  that  at  a  meeting  of  the  Board 
of  Directors,  held  on  the  17th  day  of  April,  1890,  an 
assessment  (No.  9)  of  Twenty-five  Cents  per  share  was 
levied  upon  ihe  capital  stock  of  the  Corporation,  payable 
immediately,  in  United  States  Gold  Coin,  to  the  Secre- 
tary, at  the  office  of  the  Compiny,  Room  20,  Phelan 
Bull,  ing,  San  Francisco,  California. 

Any  stock  upon  which  this  assessment  shall  remain 
unpaid  on  (he  24th  day  of  May,  1S90,  will  be  delinquent 
and  advertised  for  sale  at  public  auction;  and  unless 
pa\ment  in  made  before,  will  be  sold  on  TUESDAY,  the 
10th  day  of  June,  1890,  to  pay  the  delinquent  assessment, 
together  with  costs  of  advertising  and  expenses  of  sale. 
By  order  of  the  Board  of  Directors 

C.  A.  GROW,  Secretary, 
Office,   Room    20,    Phelin   Building,  San  Francifico,  Cali- 
fornia. 


tdlicatiopal. 


OF 

ASSAYING    AND    CHEMISTRY. 
Rooms  46  &  47,  )628  MoDtaomery  St. 

2d  Floor  Montgomery  Bl'k.  y       San  Franclsco, 
Also,  Evening  Classes,  7  to  10  o'clock. 

JOHN  T.  EVANS,  M.  A.,  Principal. 


School  of  Practical,  Civil,  Mechanical  and 
MINING  ENGINEERING, 

SnrveyUig,  ArclilteGtnre,  Drawing  and  Assaying 

723    MARKET    STREET, 

The  History  Building,  San  Franoibco,  Cal. 

A.  VAN  DER  NAILLEN,  President. 

Assaying  of  Ores,  $26;  Bullion  and  Chlorination  Assay, 
§25;  Blowpipe  Assay,  $10.     Full  course  of  assaying,  |50. 

I^Send  for  circular. 


HEALDS 


BUSINESS     OOLLEGE, 

24  POST  ST..  S.  P. 

FOR  SEVENTY- FIVE  DOi:.I.ABS  THIS 
College  Instructs  In  Shorthand,  Type  Writing,  Book- 
keeping, Telegraphy,  Penmanship,  Drawing,  all  the  En- 
glish branches,  and  everything  pertaining  to  buslQess, 
for  six  full  months.  We  have  sixteen  teachers,  and  give 
Individual  instruotion  to  all  our  pupils.  Oar  school  has 
Its  graduates  In  every  part  of  the  State. 

JV^BND  FOE  ClBOniiAB. 

E.  P.  HEALD,  FresldeDl. 
0    g.  HALET.  Secretary. 


THE     PIONEER 


COMMERCIAI.    SCHOOI. 

o 


LIFE  SCHOIiARSHIPS,  $75. 
No  Vaoatiohs.  Day  and  Evening  SsssiDiia. 

Ladles  admitted  Into  all  Departments. 
Address:    T.  A.  ROBINSON.  M.  A-.  President 


T=t /\3>JX>    OOXTI»XjinXrC3r- 

Best  In  the  'World.     Most  Simple  In  Appli- 
cation    Most  Powerful— Coeapeet.    Ball 
and  Socket  Joint.     Rlnht  and  Left 
S  jrew.    WorlcR   Freely.    Just 
the  thing  for  Large  T  anka 
In  a  Dry  Climate. 

WELLS,  RUSSELL  &  CO,  TaDynlMers 

Meclianics'  Mills.  Cor.  Mission  &  Fremont  Sts.,  S.  r. 


A  MIDDLE-AGED  MAN  BY  THE  NAME  OF  JOSEPH 
McLEARN,  Miner,  left  Nova  Scotia  17  years  ago  for 
California.  His  friends  would  be  thankful  to  anyj)erBon 
who  could  give  any  information  concerning  his  where* 
ahouta, 


April  19,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


275 


RUBBER  FACTORY. 


yy.flBOWERS^  GO. 
AGENTS 


Monarch   Belting. 

The  Piles  ol  thU  Bolt  uo 

UNITED  by  COTTON  RIVETS 

Which  bold  them  Omily  tt^other. 

Each  Rivet  is  Independent 

Aod  PollowB  tho  Stretch. 

THERE  ARE   NO   STITCHES 

TO  BREAK,  BDd 

Tho    Belt    has    a    Smooth 
Surface. 


Hose,  Belting,  Packing,  Etc. 

ALL  KINDS  OF  RUBBER  GOODS  MADE  TO  ORDER  IN  A  FEW  HOURS. 

W,  F.  BOWERS  &  CO..  409  Market  St..  San  Francisco. 


•ve:     3Vfl:o3xrE3 


BY     USING 


WATER  POWER  TRAIMSMITTED  BY  ELECTRICITY 

To  Run  your   Mills,  Hoists   and   Trams. 


For  Circular  giving  particulars  send  to 


KEITH    ELECTRIC    CO. 


■  MANIJFAOTnRER.S  OF  — 


Apparatus  for  Electric  Light  and  Electric  Power 

OFFICE,  40  NEVADA  BLOCK, 

Factory,  Stevenson  St.,  bet.  First  and  Ecker,  SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 


ESTABLISHED    1866. 


Pacific  Chemical  Works. 

HENRY    G.    HANKS, 

Practical  and  Industrial  Cheiist,  Assayer 
and  Geologist, 

718  MONTGOMERY  ST., 


SAN  FRANCISCO. 


ly  Win  report  on  the  coodition  and  value  of  any  mining  property  on 
the  Pacific  Coast.  Hare  Chemicals  made  to  order.  loBtructionB  given  in 
ABsaylnjE  and  Practical  Cbemfetry 


Lubricating  Compound  and  Cups. 


1868. 
Manufacture  commenced  a 
Albany,  Mew  York. 

1876. 

Introduced  by  na  on  Pacific 
Coast. 

1889. 

Cheap  imltationB  having  had 
time  to  show  that  they  are  the 
most  expensive  in  the  end,  the 

Sales  of  the  Genuine  Albany 
Gompotmd  are  Larger  than 
ever  before. 


England,   Belgium, 
France. 

And  other   Foreign  Countries 
are  now  Large  ConenmerB, 


We  are  also  Sole  Agents  for 
the 

Albany  Cylinder  Oils, 
Albany  Spindle  Oils,  Etc. 


FOR    SALE    ONLY    BY 


TATUM  &  BOWEN, 

Sole  Agents  for  the  Pacific  Coast, 

Dealers     in     Improved    Woodworking    Machinery, 

Sawmill  Machinery,  Engines,  Boilers,  Ironworking  Machinery,  Supplies,  Etc. 

Sole  Agents  for  Hoe  Chisel-Tooth  Saw,  Gardner  Governor,  Schultz 
Leather  Belting,  Etc. 

34  AND  36  FREMONT  STREET,  SAN  FRANCISCO. 

85  FRONT  STREET,  PORTLAND,  OR. 


HOISTING  ENGINES  FOR  MINES 


..»S£r€^'i 


1,2,  or  4  Drums,  with  Reversible  Link 
Motion  or  Pat.  Improved  Friction. 

MADE  ONLY   BT  TUB 

LIDGERWOOO  M'F'G  CO.. 

96  Liberty  St.,  New  york. 

34  and  86  West  Monroe  St.,  Chicago. 

197  to  203  Congress  St,  Boston. 

PACIFIC    COAST    AGENTS, 

PARKE  &  LACY  CO.,  San  Francisco. 

Send  for  Catalogrue. 


Import-ers  and  Dealers  In 

IRON,  STEEL,  HEAVY  HARDWARE,  CUMBERLAND  COAL.  PERKINS  AND  BURDENS 

Horse  and  Mule  Shoes,  Putnam,  Globe  and  Northwestern  Horseshoe  Naile,  HARDWOOD  LUMBER  AND  WAGON 
MATERIALS,  Blacksmith  and  Carriage  Makers'  Supplies. 

SOL.B    AGENTS     FOB    THE    WELLS    RUSTLESS    PIPE    AND    FITTINGS, 
Specially  manufactured  for  use  in  Artesian  Wells,  and  for  conveying  water  charged  with  Salts  and   Minerals,  Acids, 
Gosee  or  other  substances  of  a  corrosive  nature.    In  building  it  takes  the  place  of  either  black  or  galvanized  piping 
or  eras,  water-waste,  etc.     Catalogues  and  testimonials,  from  large  users  in  the  United  States,  sent  on  application. 

4l3.41.'i  MARKET  STUBET.  SAB  FRAHCISCO. 


DOW    STEAM    PUMP    WORKS, 

OFFICE    AND    WORKS,    114    AND    116    BE  ALE    STREET,    SAN    FRANCISCO, 

MANUFACrORBBS    OP    

DOW'8  IMPROVED  STEAM  PUMPS,  ^  '"''''"'ZLt' "' 

SINGLE    OR    DUPLEX,  HuJl  »  FOR  STATIONARY  ENGINES  OR  STEAM  PUMPS. 

Fop  Every    Possible    Duty. 


Mining  Pumps, 

IRRIGATION  PUMPS, 
Artesian  Well  Engines, 


POWER  PUMPING  MACHINERY, 

•       SPEED    GOVERNORS, 

Balance  Valves  and  Pressure 
Regulators, 

FOR  STEAM  PUMFS.  ETC.,  ETC. 


lESto.,   X3to. 


CORRESPONDENCE  SOLICITED. 

SEND  FOR  CATALOGUE. 


276 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[April  IS,  1890 


The  new  Metal  nf  the  Present,   no   longer  "  The 
Metal  of  the  Fltture." 


Aluminium! 


iTTJjST      liLU-A-DOTT* 


AX-trMI'«ItrM.— Its  History,  Occurrence,  Proper- 
ties, aretallurgy  and  ApplicalioLs,  including  its 
AUovs  B/  Joseph  W.  Bichards,  M.  A.,  A.  C.  In- 
structor in  Uetallurgj^  at  the  Lehigh  Imiver^i'v.  See- 
on'i  edition,  revised  and  greatly  enlarged.  Illustrated 
by  2S  engravings  and  two  diagrams.    550  pages.    Svo 

Price  SO.OO,  by  mail,  free  of  postage  tu  avi/  addrc:is  m 
the  icoyld.  „.  ^  „  , , 

CONTEN'TS.— Chapter  I.  History  of  Alnmioium. 
II  OccurrencenfAluniiuium  in  Nature.  III.  Physi- 
cal Properties  of  Aluminium.  IV.  Chemical  Proper- 
ties of  Aluminium.  V.  Properties  and  Preparation 
of  Aluminium  Compounds.  VI.  Preparation  of  Alum- 
inium Lompounds  for  Reduction.  VII.  The  Manii- 
fact.ure  ol  Sodium.  VIII.  The  Reduction  ot  Alumin- 
ium Compounds  from  the  8mndpoint  of  Thermal 
ehfmisiry.  IX.  Reduction  of  Aluminium  Com- 
pounds by  means  of  Potassium  or  Sodium.  X.  Re- 
duction of  Aluminium  Compounds  by  means  of 
Potassium  or  Sodium  (Continued).  XI.  Reduction 
of  Aluminium  Compounds  by  the  Use  ot  Electricity. 
XII  Reduction  of  Aluminium  Compounds  by  other 
means  than  Sodium  or  Electricity.  XIII.  Working 
in  Aluminium.  XIV.  Alloys  of  Aluminium.  XV. 
Aluminium-Copper  AJloys.  XVI.  Alumiuium-Iron 
Alloys.  XVII.  Analysis  of  Aluminium  and  Alumin- 
ium Alloys.    Index. 

e4r  A  circular  0/ i  pages,  4to,  showinff  the  full  Tahh' 
of  Content';  of  this  'thorowjhbj  revised  and  recast  treal.i>!e, 
shoioing  the  state  of  the  indttstry  up  to  1390,  and  i>-hich 
has  played  an  ivitportant  part  111  the  rapid  dtpflopiuent 
of  this  New  Metal,  will  be  sent  free,  andjrce  of  postage. 
to  any  one  in  any  part  of  the  world  who  will  furnish  us 
with  his  address. 

SS"  Our  new  and'reviscd  Catalorjue  of  Practical  and 
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HENRY  CAREY  BAIRD  &  CO.. 

InDDSTIUAL     PPBL  SlIERS.      e001i.SRLT,ERS     AND     IMPORTERS, 

»  lO  Walnut  St.,  f  hiladeJphia,  Ha.   I'.S.  A. 


A  Great  Repository  of  Practical  and 
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One  of  the  Fillies',  Freshe.^t  imd  JWosf.  Valuahlc  Handbooks  of 
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uate of  the  Royal  Agricultural  College  of  Eldeuu,  Prussia, 
and  Wm  H.  WaJil,  Ph.  D.  (Heid.).  Secretary  of  the  Frank- 
lin Institute,  Philadelphia,  author  of  "  Galvanopla.'itic 
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S^  A  cicrnlar  of  j2  pages,  showing  the  full  Table 
of  Contents  of  this  important  Book,  sent  by  mail  free 
of  postage  to  any  one  in  any  part  of  the  world  who 
will  furnish  his  address. 

EIENRY  CAREY  BAIRO  »  CO. 

Industrial  PciELisuF-R.s.  liooKSELLERs  &  Importkrs. 
8tO  W^Klnuc  Mt.,FUIl-iflelpliia,  Fa.,  ll.si.  d* 

The  Best  Mining  District 

On  tlie  Pacific  Cuast  ! 

GRASS   VALLEY,  CAL. 


THE  BEST  NEWvSPAPER   published   in  the   district  is 

Daily  and  Weekly  edition.  Gives  all  the  MiniDg  News. 
Dealers  in  Mining  Machinery  and  Mining  Supplies  will 
find  THE  TIDINGS  the  best  medium  for  directly  reach- 
ine:  the  owners  or  managers  of  mines.  Investors  in 
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Many  mines  are  in  successful  operation,  and  new 
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contemplation. 

DAILY,  §6  00  a  year;  WEEKLY,  S2  50,  in  advance. 
H.  S.  SPaULDING,  Publisher. 

T.  C.  HOCKING,  Editor. 


Great  Variety  of  SHOT  GUNS.  RIFLES. 

etc.    Breech-Loaders  from  S4  to  §100. 
SEND    STAMPS    FOR    PRICE    LISTS. 

GEO.  W.  SHREVE, 

525  Kearny  Street,         San  Francisco,  Cal. 


GRANGER'S  ROLLER  STAMP  MILl 

Beats  them  all.  Works  dry  ores.   Makes  even  graa- 
nlatioQ.    Mo  dead  work,  hence  minimum  wear. 

A.  P.  GRANGER,  Denver.  Colo. 


GRANGER'S  DRY  ORE  SEPARATOR 

The  very  best.  Uses  no  water.  No  ireezing  up. 
Snves  hauling  waste.  Saves  higli  percentage.  Send 
lor  cLrcnlnrs. 

A.  P.  GEAJfl^GER.  Denver,  Colo. 


INVENTORS.      TAKE       NOTICE  I 

L.  petersonTmodel  maker, 

2B8  Market  St.,  N.  E.  cor.  Front  (up  stairs),  San    Francsico 
Experimental  machinery-  and  all  kinds  of  models.  Tin 
and  brasawork.    All  comoiunicationa  strictly  confiden- 
tial. 


PACIFIC    ROLLING   MILL    CO., 

UAHUFACTnaBaB  OF 

Cast  Steel  CaslB  «m  Steel  Firpp 


UP   TO   20,000   LBS.    WEIGHT. 

Trne  to  pattern  and  superior  In  atrengrth,  tonghnees  and  durability  to  Oaet  or  Wrousht 
Iron  In  any  position  or  for  any  service. 

GEARINGS,  SHOES,  DIES,  CAMS,  TAPPETS,  PISTON-HEADS,  RAILROAD  and  MA- 
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HOMOGENEOUS  STEEL. 


SOFT  and  DUCTILE, 


SUPERIOR  TO  IRON  FOR 


LOCOMOTIVE  AND  MARINE  FORGINGS. 

ALSO  Steel  Roda,  from  J  to  S  inch  diameter  and  Flats  trom  1  to  8  inch.  Angles,  Tees,  Channelfl  and  other  shape 
Steel  Wagon,  Buggj',  and  Truck  Tires,  Plow  Steel;  Machinery  and  Special  Shape  Steel  to  eize  and  lengths 
ST££1.  BAII.S  from  12  to  46  pounds  per  yard.  ALSO,  Kailroad  and  Merchant  Iron,  Rolled 
Beams,  Angle,  Channel,  and  T  iron,  Bridge  and  Machine  Bolts,  Lag  Screws,  Nuta,  Waflhors,  Ship  and  Boat 
Spikes;  Steamboat  Shafts,  Cranks,  Pistons,  Connecting  Bods,  etc  Car  and  Locomotive  Axles  and  Fnunes, 
and  Iron  Porgtngs  of  all  kinds,  Iron  and  Steel  Bridge  and  Roof  Work  a  Specialty. 

HIGHEST  PRICE  PAID  FOR  SCRAP  IROJf  AND  STBEI.. 

^V  Orders  will  have  prompt  attention.    Send  for  Catalogues.    Address 

PACIFIC  ROLimG  MILI  CO..  202  Market  St..  San  Francisco. 


FULTON     IRON    WORKS, 

HINCKLEY.  SPIERS    &    HAYES.  Proprietors. 


[ESTABLISHED    IN     1865.] 


TUSTIN'S    PULVERIZER. 


— MANUFACTtTREHa     OF — 

MARINE      ENGINES     AND     BOILERS.- 

Propeller  Engines,  either  High  Pressure  or  Compound, 
Stern  or  Side-wheel  Engines. 

MINING  MACHINERY.— Hoisting  Engines  and 
Works,  Cages,  Ore  Buckets,  Ore  Cars,  Pumping  Enclnes 
and  Pumps,  Water  Buckets,  Pump  Columns,  Air  Com- 
pressors, Air  Receivers,  Air  Pipes. 

MILL  MACHINERY.-Batterles  (or  Dry  or  Wet 
Crushing,  Amalgamating  Pans,  Settlers,  Furnaces,  Re- 
torts, Concentrators,  Ore  Feeders,  Rock  Breakers,  Fur- 
naces for  Reducing  Ores,  Water  Jackets,  eto. 

MISCELLANEOUS  MACHINERY.— Flour 
Mill  Machinery,  Saw  Mill  Engines  and  Boilers,  Dredging 
Machinery,  Powder  Mill  Machinery,  Water  Wheels. 

Tustin's  Pulverizer 

WORKS  ORE  WET  OR  DRY. 


ENGINESsBOILERS 

OF    ALL    KINDS, 
Either  for  use  on  Steamboats  or  for  UBe  on  Land. 

Water  Pipe,  Pomp  or  Air  Colnnuu,  Fish 
Tanks  for  Salmon  Canneries 

OP   BVBRT   DSSCRIPTION. 

Boiler  Repairs  Promptly  attended  to  and  at  very  moderate  rates. 

AQBNT8  FOR  THE  PACIFIC  COAST  FOR  THB 

SPECIALTIES : 

Corliss  Engines  and  Tnstln  Ore  Fnlverlzers.  DEANB    STBAM^^PUMP. 

Agents  and  Manufacturers  of  the  Llewellyn  Feed  Water  Purifier  and  Heater. 


THE  GIANT  POWDER  COMPANY 

Manulaoture  Three  Kinds  of  Powder,  which  are  acknowledged  by  all  the  Great  Chemists  of  the  World  as 

The  Safest  and  Strongest  High  Explosives  in  the  Market. 

Of  Different  Strengths  aa  Required. 

NOBEL'S    EXPLOSIVE     GELATINE,"    which  contains    94   per  cent  of  Nltro-Olycerine,  »nd 

GELATINE-DYNAMITE,  Stronger  than  Dynamite  and  even  Saler  in  Handling. 

JUDSON  POWDER  IMPROVED. 

POB  RAILROADS  AND  LAND  CLEARING.  Is  trom  three  to  tour  times  stronger  than  ordinary  Blast- 
ing Powder,  and  is  used  by  all  the  Railroads  and  Gravel  Clauns,  as  it  brealtB  more  ground,  pulverizes  better  and 
eaves  time  and  money.    It  is  as  dry  as  the  ordinary  Blasting  Powder  and  runs  as  freely. 

BANDMANN,  NIELSEN  &  CO., 

OAP8  and  FUSE  for  Sale  OENBRAL  AGENTS,  SAN  FRANCISCO    OAL. 


QUARTZ  SCREENS 

A  specialty.  Round,  alot 
Or  burred  alot  holes.  Gen- 
uine Russia  Iron,  Homo- 
geneous Steel,  Cast  Steel  or ' 
American  planished  Iron, 
Zinc,  Copper  or  Brass  Screens  for  all  purposes.  Cali- 
fornia Perforating  Screen  Co.,  145  &  147  Beale  St.,  S.  F. 


COAL  MINES  OF  THE  WESTERN  COAST. 

A  few  copies  of  this  work,  the  onlj'  one  ever  published 
treating  of  Pacific  Coast  Coal  Mining,  have  been  ob- 
tained, and  are  for  sale  at  this  office  for  $2.50  per  copy 
It  was  written  by  W.  A.  Goodyear.  Mining  and  Civil 
Engineer,,  formerly  of  the  California  State  Qeologioal 
Survey. 


N.  W.  SPAULDING 

Manufacturers  of 
SPAULDING' S 


Inserted  Tootb 

"  AND 

CHISEL    BIT 

OIRCDLAR 

Saws. 


SAW  MILLS   AND   MACHINERY 

Of  all  kinds  made,to  order.    Send  for  Descriptive  Oata 
lOB^ie,     17  and  19  Fremont  St.,  San  Vranolio* 


Irop  apd  iMachipe  hh 


CALIFORNIA    MACHINE   WORKS, 

WM.  H.  BIRCH  &  CO., 

£XGIN£E:BS     and     QfACaiNISTS, 


No.  119  Beale  St., 


San  Francisco. 


• BUlLDBilB  OF 

Steam  Eneinea,  Saw  Mills,  Mining  Machinery,  Dredging 
Machines,  Rock  Crushers,  Cable  Railway  Machinery, 
EUlithorp  Air  Brake  Co. 'a  Patent  Steam  and  Hydraulic 
Elevators,  Air  Cushions  and  Air  Brakes.  POSITIVE 
SAFETIES.  Improved  Ram  Elevators,  Sidewalk  and 
Hand  Hoists.  B.  E.  Hentickson's  Patent  Automatic 
Safety  Catches. 

Machines  of  all  kinds  Made  and  Repaired. 
Orders  Solicited. 


UNION    IRON  WORKS, 

8AOBAMBMTO.  OAL. 

BOOT,    NEILSON     &    OO.. 

MANUFACTURBRS  OF 

Steam     Engines,    Boilers, 

AND  ALL  KINDS  OF 

MACHINERY  FOR  MINING  PURPOSES. 

Plourlng  Mills,  Saw  Mills  and  Quartz  Mills  Machinery 

oonstruoted,  fitted  upland  repaired. 
P'ront  St.,  bet.  K  &  O  Sta..         Sacramento.  Oal. 


Golden  State  &  Miners  Iron  Works. 

MacofiEictiire  Iron  Oastlngrs  and  Machinery 
of  all  Kinds  at  Greatly  Bednced  Bates. 

STEVENSON'S  PATENT 

Mold-Board  AMALOAMATOBS, 
Golden  State  Pressure  Blowers. 

0irst  St.,  between  Howard  A  Folsom.  S.  F. 


raOMAB  THOMPSON 


THORNTON  THOMPSON 


THOMPSON    BROTHERS, 

EUREKA    FOUNDRY, 

129  and  131  Beale  St.,  between  Mission  and  Howard,  S.F 

HANUPAOTURKBa  OF  OABTIKaS  OF  EVHRT  DIBORIFTIOH. 


Mining    Engineers. 


Bewick,  Moreing  &  Hooper, 

MINING  ENGINEERS, 

508  Oallfornla  Street,  San  Franolsoo,  Cal. 

Suffolk  House.  Laurence,  Pouotney  Hill, 

LONDON,  K.  C. 

Leake's  Buildings,  Johannesburg, 

SOCTH  AIEICA. 

Report  rn  mines  and  undertake  management  of  mining 
properliieB. 


W.  A.  GOODYEAR, 

Civil    and    Mining    Engineer, 

MINING  EXPERT  and  QEOLOOIST. 
Address  "  Business  Box  A,"  office  of  this  paper,  San 
Franoisco. 


ROSS    E.  BROWNE, 

Mining  and  Hydraulic  Engineer, 

No.  307  Sansomb  St.,  San  Franoibco. 


Tioga  District   Mining  Company, 

Incorporated  June  H,  1889.    Capital  Stock,  810,000,000. 

BUT  AND  SELL 

California  Gold,  Silver, Quicksilver,  Copper 

and  Lead  Mines 

OF    ASCERTAINED    VALUE. 

Office,  No.  13  PARROTT'S  BUILDING,  N.  W. 

Corner  of  California  and  Montgomery  Streets, 

SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 

WM.  B.  WIQHTMAN,  Pres.      WM.  H.  V.  CRONISE,  Sec. 


FOR  SALE  CHEAP. 


One  new  double  circular  Sawmill  to  carry  SO-inch  bot- 
tom saw,  with  wrougbt-iron  bangers  for  top  saw.  Fric- 
tion feed-works,  patent  eteel  screw  double-throw  head- 
blocks,  with  track  iron,  saw  carriage  and  frame  complete, 

RI3DON  IRON  &  LOCOMOTIVE  WORKS, 

San  Francisco,  Oal. 


TUBBS  CORDAGE  CO. 

(A  Corporation.) 

Constantly  on  hand  a  full  assortment  of  Manila  Rope, 
Duplex  Rope,  Tarred  Manila  Rope, Hay  Rope,  Whale  Line, 
etc,  etc. 

Extra  sizes  and  lengths  made  to  order  on  short  ootice, 

611  &  613  Front  St„  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


April  19,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


277 


MPROVED    BELT    FRUE   ORE  CONCENTRATOR. 


The  Best  Ore  CoDcentrator  io  the  market,  haviog  double 
the  Capaoity  and  doing  its  work  as  oloee  as  the  plaia  Belt 
maobine,  while  Its  oonoentratioDS  are  cleao.  It  is  need  in 
a  number  of  Mills,  the  most  notable  of  wbiob  is  the 
Alaska  M.  &,  M.  Go's  Mill,  where  24  Improved  Belt  Frues 
are  taking  the  Palp  from  120  Stamps,  craehing  350  tons 
per  day,  and  is  fnving  entire  aatisfaotion  as  against  48 
plain  Belt  Machines,  taking  the  Palp  from  the  other  120 
Stamps. 


Price  of  Improved  Belt  Frue  Vanner,  $900,  f.  o.  b. 
Price  of  Plain  Beit  Frue  Vanner,  $575,  f.  o.  b. 


Protected  by  Patents  December  22,  1874;  September  2, 
1879;  April  27.  1880;  March  22,  1881;  February  20.  1883; 
September  18.  1S83;  July  24.  1888.     Patents  applied  for. 


For  Pamphlets,  Testimonials  and  farther  information 
apply  at  ofiioe. 

ADAMS  &  CARTER,  Agents  FRUE  VANNING  IVIACHINE  CO.,  Room  15, 


There  are  Over  2200  Plain  Belt  Machines  now 
in  Use. 

TBI  MONTAKA  CourANT  (Limited),  LOMKtN,  OctoboF  S,  1SS5. 
Dkar  Sik8  :— Havintr  tested  three  of  your  Kruu  Vannera  in  a  com- 
petJtlv'o  trlnl  with  other  Hlmilar  oiachiiicti  (Triumph),  wo  have  aatlsfled 
ourselves  of  the  euporionty  of  your  Vaii[it.'re,  as  is  ev{dunc«d  by  the 
tact  ot  our  h&vlnic  ordered  20  more  of  your  inachiDei*  for  iDimediato 
delivery.     Yours  truly.         TIIK  MONTANA  COMPANY  (Limited). 

N.  B. — Slf'co  the  above  wftM  written  the  20  Vannera,  havitit;  heon 
started,  ^ave  such  eat it^t action  that  44  additional  Frues  and  more 
etampu  have  boon  purebred.  ADAMS    &    CARTEEL 

No.  132  Market  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


"TRIUMPH"  ORE  CONCENTRATOR  wth  IMPROVED  RIFFLED  BELT. 


The  competitive  trials  which  have  beoa  held  between  the 
"Triumph"  Ore  Conoentratora,  the  **  Frue"  Vannera  and 
other  forms  of  concentrating  devicea,  do  not  warrant  the  as- 
sertion that  the  "Frue  *  Vanner  la  the  best  ore  concentrator  in 
the  market.  The  fact  that  the  "Frues"  have  improved  (cor- 
mf;ated)  belts  doea  not  militate  against  the  auperiority  of  the 
"Triamphs;"  for,  when  desired,  they  (the  "Triompha'*)  can 
be  mounted  with  a  superior  belt  known  as  the  '*  Blasdel  " 
Riffled.  

Price  '*  Triumph  "  Concentrators,  with  Im- 
proved (Patented)  Belt       ■       -       -        $650  f.  o.  b. 

Price  "  Triumph "  Concentrators,  with 
Plain  Belt $550  f.  o.  b. 


Wo  are  prepared  to  guarantee  the  gupirlority  of  the  "  Tiiumph  " 
tho  "  Frue"  or  any  other  form  of  Concentrator,  for  coin  if  need  be. 
Circulars  and  testimonial  letters  fufniehed  on  application. 


JOSHUA  HENDY  MACHINE  WORKS, 

39  to  51  Fremont  Street,     San  Francisco,  Cal, 


(r»-A-TDE33Xri'3E3X>-) 

Both  the  "Triumph"  Concentrator  and  "Blasdel"  (rifHed) 
Belt  are  protected  by  iucnateatable  letters  patent,  granted 
by  the  Clovernmeat  of  the  United  states. 

Original  Empire  Mill  and  Mining  Company,  "J 

Principal  OHico,  401  Coli(ornia  S-.,  cor.  Sansome,  S   F. 

Location  of  Works,  Orate  Valley,  Nevada  Co.,  Cal.  J 
GilASB  Vallby,  Nrvada  Co.,  Cai..,  Nov.  10,  1885. 
Johkua  Hendy  Machi-ne  Works,  SO  to  51  FrnnotU  St.,  S.  P.,  Cal.: 

Gentlkmen— I  am  pleased  to  state,  in  reference  to  tho  •'  Triumph" 
Ore  Concentrators,  ithat  four  (4)  of  them  were  placed  Id  the  mUI  of  tho 
Oricinal  Emipro  Mill  and  Miniiii,'  Company  in  April,  1SS4,  and  a  thorough 
test  mtide  of  their  practicul  cpcr  tion;  end  their  etticiency  having  been 
demonstrated,  four  (4)  more  were  siili3e<|uently  introduced  ae  the  comple- 
ment ot  the  Twenty  (20)  Staaip  Mill,  and  the  eight  (8)  have  been  and  are 
DOW  runninj,' with  entirely  sitiafactory  results. 

At  the  Ten  (10)  Stamp  Mill  of  the  North  Star  Mining  Company,  under 
my  supervit-ion,  four  (4)  are  also  io  successful  operation,  and  from  my 
ohservation  of  their  pradicnl  workings,  I  am  convinced  that  this  form  of 
Concentrators  is  the  equal,  if  not  superior  to  any  other  Btyle  of  Vanners 
or  concentrating  devices.  DAVID  McKAY,  Jr., 

[Siened]  Sup't  North  Star  and  Original  Empire  Mining  Co. 

N.  B.  When  tho  stamping  capacity  of  tlie  two  above  named  mills  was  in- 
creased, more  "Triumph  "  Concentratora  were  purchased,  and  twenty- 
.eight  (2S)  are  now  in  conetant  aucceistul  operation. 


CALIFORNIA    WIRE    WORKS 

hallidie's 
Patent  VV'R^  Ropeway, 


MANUFACTURERS  OF 

Steel  Wire  Rope, 

OF  ALL  KINDS  FOR 

CABLE  RAILWAYS, 

EOPEWAYS  and  TRAMWAYS, 

Mining,  Sliipping  &  General  Purposes. 


ESTABLISHED  1852. 


INCORPORATED  1882. 


WIRE5. 

BARBED    WIRE. 
WIRE   NAILS, 

WIRE    OLOTH.  ' 

Full  ABBOrtment  Always  In  Stock. 


OFFICE: 

9  Fremont  Street,  San  Francisco. 

Send  for  Illustrated  Catalogue. 


ill 


For  the  Economical  and  Rapid 

Transportation    of  lOre 

and  other  material. 


Erected  by  Ub  Durin{f  the  Past  Fourteen  Years  in  Spans  of 

200  TO  2.000  FEET. 


Simple,  Economical  and  Durable. 


TKANSPORTATION     OF      ORE      BY     HAI^LIDIE'S     PATENT    WIKE    ROPEWAY. 


HAVE   BEEN  THOROUGHLY  TESTED 
In  all  Parts  of  the  Country. 


Rock  Drilling  and  Air  Compressing 
Machinery 

For  TUNNELS,  QUARRIES,  MINES,  RAILROADS 

And  Wherever  Ore  and  Bock  are  to  be  Drilled  and  Blasted. 

«■  SEND     FOR    NEW    CATALOGUE    OF     1889.  -^ 


RAND    DRILL  CO., 

23  Park  Place,  New  York,  U.  S.  A. 


PERFECT  PULLEYS 

First  Premium  Awarded  at  Mechanics'   Pair,    1884. 

Sole  Licensed  Manufacturers  of  the 

MEDAUT    PATENT    WEOTJGHT    EIM    PULLET 

For  the  states  of  California,  Oregon  and  Nevada,  and  the  Territories  of  I(?aho,  Washington 

Montana,  Wyoming,  Utah  and  Arizona.      Lightest,  Strongest,  Cheapest  and 

Best  Balanced  Pulley  in  the  World.     Also  Manufacturers  of 

PAT.  OUT.  25, 1881.  SHAFTING,    HANGERS    AND    APPURTENANCES. 

i^SBND  FOR  ClROULARa  AKD  PRIOS  LlST."^ 

Noa.  129  and  181  FREMONT  STBBBT  SAN    PBANOISOO.  OAL. 


Vulcan  Iron  Wo^^^s, 

135-145  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco,  Oal. 

Mining  Machinery.  Steam  Engines. 


STAMP  BATTERIES, 

PANS  AND  SETTLERS, 

ROCK  BREAKERS,  ETC.,  ETC. 


SAW-MILL  1 

cable-road      machinery. 
refrigeratingJ 


Special  Machinery  to  Order. 

AERIAL    WIRE    ROPEWAYS. 

(Vucaa   Pat'-n'^  (-ystemi 

SINGLE,   ENDLESS    TRAVELING   ROPE. 

Elevated  on  Wooden  Popts,  from  J50  to  2000  feet  ai>art, 
conveyini;  Buckets  cf  Ore,  Coal,  Wood,  etc. 

No  Possibility  of  Load  SUpping. 

Cheapest  Form  of  Transportation. 


No  road   needed;    can  be  run  vertically,    No  power 
needed  if  angle  of  descent  be  more  than  8  uegreea. 


CAN  SPAN  GUI-CHB9    3000  FEET-  WIDE, 


278 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Apmt  19,  1890 


PARKE    &    LACY  COMPANY 


■IMPORTERS    AND    MANUFACTURBRa    OF- 


MINING,    MILL    and    GENERAL     MACHINERY. 


ENGINES,  BOILERS,  STEAM  PUMPS, 

AIR  COMPRESSORS,  ROOK  DRILLS, 
WALL'S  CRUSHING  ROLLS, 

CONCENTRATORS,  PULVERIZERS, 
TURBINE  WATER  WHEELS, 

ROOK  BREAKERS,  DRY  JIGS. 

Bullock's  Diamond  Drills 


GOLDEN  GATE  CONCENTRATORS, 

GREATEST  CAPACITY  OF  ANY  CONCENTRATOR  MADE, 
One  Machine  Taking  Pulp  from  10  Stamps. 


SAW    MILLS,    MACHINE    TOOLS, 
PLANING  MILLS,  INJECTORS  and  EJECTORS 
BELTING,  PACKING,  OILS,  LUBRICATORS, 
FIRE    EXTINGUISHERS, 
CBNTBIPUGAL  PUMPS 
ROTARY  PUMPS,  GANG  EDGBRS. 
CAMPBELL'S    STEAM    FEEDS, 
MILL    and    MINE    SUPPLIES. 


GrX:sa'x:i=t.uf\.Xj    .^csrHXiT'Fst    x<of<. 


WESTINGHOUSE    AUTOMATIC     ENGINES. 


SALES  DURING  LAST  POUR  MONTHS: 

nmVTPnTT'Nm  **  engines,  STAIVrrJATJr)  99  engines,  TTIMTOT?  1 66  engines, 

KjKJiylSryJUViiJ,    5215  horse  power.  0±JX.riU.a.I\U,    4500  horse  power.  JUiNHJXt,    4260  HORSE  POWER. 

C^xra,aic3.    Tota,l,    309    Z:xi.slX3.os,    .^ssrGS^*±^*^S   X3,©VB    XZozrste    I»o-cicro3r. 

21  and  23  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco,  Gal.  189  Clarence  St.,  Sydney,  N.  S,  W. 


NOTICE  TO  GOLD  MINERS! 


JUSTINIAN  CAIRE,  Agent, 

521  &  523  Market  St.,  San  Francisco, 


-DHALBR    IN— 


t&j%:\riisrc3r  OtOXjID! 


Assayers'  and  Mining  Material. 


— MANUYACTURRR    OP— 


IN   QUARTZ,  GRAVEL,  OR  PLACER  MINES.  MADE  OF  BEST  SOFT  LAKP      UPBRIOB  COPPER 

.A.T     XV:E3r>XJOX3X>     f>Xt.XO£3S. 

Oar  plates  are  guaraDteed,  aod  by  actual  experience  are  proved,  the  beaj  in  weight  of  Sil-    BATTERY  SCREENS  AND  WIRE  CLOTH 

ver  and  durability.     Old  Mining  Plates  Replated,  Bought,  or  Gold  Separated.     THOUSAMDS 

OF    ORDERS    FILLED.  

SAN    FRANCISCO    NOVELTY,  GOLD,  SILVER    AND    NICKEL    PLATING  WORKS,  ^e"*  *<"  HOSKINS' 

108  and  1 12  First  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.  HYBRO-CARBON    ASSAT   FCTRNACHS 

^SEND  FOR  CIRCOLAKS. 

IMPORTANT  TO  GOLD  MINERS! 

SILVER-PLATED  AMALGAM  PLATES  for  SAVING  GOLD 

IN    QUARTZ,    GRAVEL    AND    PLACER    MINING. 
PRICES  GREATLY  REDUCED. 

Only  Refined  Silver  and  Best  Copper  osed.    Over  3000  Orders  filled.    Fifteen  Medals  Awarded,    Old  Uining  Plates  can   be 

Replated.    Old  Plates  Bonght,  or  Gold  Separated, 

These  Plates  can  also  be  purchased  of  JOHN  TA¥I,OR  &  CO.,  Corner  First  and  Mission  Sts 

San  Francisco  Gold,  Silver  and  Nickel  Plating  Works,  653  &  655  Mission  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal ,  E.  G.  Denniston,  Prop'r. 

Our  Plates  have  been  used  for  20  yeara    They  have  proved  the  best.    We  adhere  etrlctiv  to  contract  in  welsht  of  Silver  and 
OoDoer.      SKND  F  IK  CIKOULAR. 


J^n 


xjnxrTi]Nrc3rT<3  jxr, 

MANUFACTURER    OP  


CENTRIFUGAL  ROLLER  QUARTZ  MILLS, 

Concentrators  and  Ore  Crushers, 
Mining  Mactiinery  of  Every  Description.        Steam  Engines  and  Sliingle  iViactiines. 


SEND    FOR    CIRCULAR. 


Centrifngal  Boiler  Quartz  Mill. 


S13    i"in.sT    s'x*xix::e:'I7, 


s.A.]\r    jpn-A-^scusco,    o^^Xji. 


H.  D.  MORRIS, 
220  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco, 

MANUFACTnRERS'  and  PURCHASmU  AGENT, 

Special  attention*  given  to  purohaae  of 

MINE  and  MILL  SUPPLIES. 


ADAMANTINE  SHOES  AND   DIES.— Guar- 

•ntced   to  prove  better  and  cheaper  than  any  others. 
Ordere  Boliclted,  subject  to  above  conditions. 

H.  D.  MORRIS, 


SOLE  AOBNT  FOR 


GBDSHEE  PLATES, 

— AND— 

Chrome   Cast   Steel  foi 

Bock  Drillg,  Etc. 


HiilllilEl  ■ 


ADAKANTINE. 


Daj's  Improved  Qoartz  Stamp  Mill 

This  Mill  is  designed  tor  the  Prospector,  the  Assayer  and 
Sampler  of  Gold  and  Silver-bearing  rock.  It  is  a  perfect  mill, 
built  entirely  of  metals,  and  of  the  best  mechaiical  construc- 
tion; will  amalgamate  perfectly  in  the  battery  or  on  plates. 
It  strikes  a  sharp,  heavy  blow  with  a  lighistamp.  Shipping 
weight,  225  lbs.    Price  iJ7o.    Address 

p.  O.  Box  32  I ,  Ohico,  Butte  Co  ,  Cal. 

N.  B.— Chapparell.  Butte  Co.,  Cal.,  Nov.  10, 1SS9.— Mr.  Jas. 
Day,  Chico:  The  little  mill  is  a  daisy;  it  comes  up  to  all  ex- 
pectations; it  works  perfect  in  all  respects.    Yours  truly, 

Walker,  Rbese  &  Co.    ■ 


,>.'.'.     T     "^_»    *     o     V     .,      I     ,      ^     ,     J    ,      I     .     I     ,     .     ,     '*'■«'«    '    »     '    >     '     »     ' 


•4»*»i»i».       •*' 


4ii  lUmUMted  Smfm^ 


mwim  &§lmm  mmi  ^§m§mi 


VOL.    L,X.-  Number  17. 

DEWEY  i  CO..  PuBtiSMEM. 


SAN    FRANCISCO,    SATURDAY,  APRIL  26.    1890. 


Three  Dollars  per  Annum. 

Single  Copies,  10  Cta. 


The  Thompson  Engine. 

An  Indepeodent  Cul-Olf  Engine  of  Califor- 
nia Design. 

Oa  this  page  to-day  we  poblish  a  ont  of 
the  I.  F.  TbODipeOD  aatomatio  independent 
cat-off  slide-valve  engine.  For  many  years  en- 
giaeers  have  felt  the  want  of  a  more  simple  and 
less  compUcated  form  of  independent  cut-oS 
engine  than  has  heretofore  been  in  use.  For 
inatanoe,  an  engine  that  will  give  the  same  or 
better  reeolts  by  a  more  simple  and  direct 
method  of  operating  than  the  CorliBB.  The 
Thompson  engine  BDopliea  that  want,  and  it 
combines  great  simplicity  of  oonstruction  with 
close  economy  in  the  ase  of  steam.  The  eole* 
plate  or  frame  of  the  engine  is  a  combination 
of  the  box-form  and  the  Corlies.  The  cylinder 
ia  attached  to  the  frame  with  a  heavy  strong 
hood,  and  has  in  its  center  a  enbatantial  foot 
that  bolts  to  the  foundation.  Siid  cylinder 
and  also  the  steam  cheat  are  nicely  lagged  with 
black  walnut. 

Between  the  lagging  and  oast  iron  there  are 
two  inches  of  aBbeatOB  and  feltiogf  to  prevent 
radiation  of  heat. 

The  best  of  steel  and  phosphor-bronze  enters 
largely  into  the  conetrnction  of  the  working 
parts.  The  entire  engine  is  well  finished  through- 
oat,  being  built  heavy  and  strong. 

There  are  foar  plain,  simple  slide-valves,  two 
steam  and  two  exhaust,  all  working  and  capa- 
ble of  being  set  entirely  independent  of  each 
other.  They  lie  fiat  upon  their  seats  with 
their  faces  down.  The  exhanst  valves  are  oper- 
ated by  a  plain  straight-line  connection, 
and  when  they  are  once  properly  set,  remain 
constant,  and  do  not  alter  their  relative  posi- 
tions to  each  other.  The  steam  valves  work 
entirely  independent  of  the  exhaast  valves, 
and  also  of  each  other;  they  are  operated  by  an 
arm  that  is  attached  to  the  main  valve-rod. 
There  is  a  piece  of  hardened  tool-steel  bolted 
to  the  inside  end  of  said  arm,  that  engages 
with  a  corresponding  piece  of  steel  that  is  at- 
tached to  a  hinged  trigger,  which  moves  with 
and  is  part  of  the  valve-stem  whioh  operates 
this  partloalar  valve.  On  the  outward  end  of 
said  valvo'Stem  there  is  a  dash-pot  or  air-oush- 


AT    THE    MOUTH    OF    THE    TUNNEL    OF    THE    HOGSBAGK    DRIFT    MINE.-See  page  S 


ion  of  peculiar  construction,  having  piston  and 
snap-ring  to  keep  it  tight.  On  the  opposite  end 
of  the  same  stem  is  a  email  solid  steam-piston, 
that  extends  through  its  staffing-box  into  the 
steam-chamber,  and  Is  there  attached  by  means 


of  a  large  brass  nat  to   the   main   steam-valve, 
thereby  making   the   line   complete   and  solid 
from   the   air-cuahion   on   the   outside   to    the 
steam-valve  on  the  inside  of  the  Bteam-chest. 
Then,  when  the  main   valve   rod   is   carried 


THE    THOMPSON    AUTOMATIC    INDEPENDENT    CUT-OFF    SLIDE-VALVE    ENGINE. 


forward  by  the  action  of  the  eccentric,  the 
steels  on  the  above  described  arm  and  trigger 
engage  with  each  other,  and  carry  forward  the 
attached  steam  valve  to  any  point  that 
may  be  required  to  cnt  off  at  the  moment. 
Then  the  two  steels  that 
are  attached  to  the  arm 
and  trigger  are  released 
from  each  other  by  the 
action  of  the  governor. 
At  that  moment  the  steam 
in  the  steam  chest,  acting 
on  the  small  piston  to 
which  the  valve  is  attach- 
ed, throws  it  outward, 
nntil  its  motion  is  arrested 
by  the  air  cushion  on  the 
opposite  end  of  stem, 
thereby  accomplishing  an 
instantaneous  cat-off. 

Attached  to  the  top  of 
the  trigger  are  two  small 
tappets,  which,  when  the 
stem  is  carried  forward, 
travel  up  an  Incline  plane 
or  wedge,  gradually  rais- 
ing the  trigger  until  it  is 
released  from  the  moving 
arm.  Said  wedge  is  at- 
tached by  means  of  a  beU> 
crank  and  rod  to  the  gov- 
ernor, and  advances  or 
recedes  as  the  governor- 
balls  raise  or  lower,  thus 
{Continued  on  page  387.) 


280 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press.- 


[April  26,  1890 


The   Deep  Gold  Placers  of  California. 

NUMBER    IV, 

[Written  for  the  Press  and  Copyrislited  1890,  by  Hbsry 
G.  HiNKS,  F.  G.  S.  A.,  P.  G.  S.] 

Channel  Filling— GrBvel,  Sands,  Silts  and 
Slickens. 
It  has  baen  shown  that  a  large  proportion  of 
the  channel  filling  is  finely  divided.  The  fol- 
lowing mechanical  analyses,  including  one  from 
Ohio,  show  the  general  character  of  these  sedi- 
ments. OF  course  large  bowlders  could  not  be 
included.  A  calculation  of  the  percentage  of 
bowlders  could  only  be  made  in  a  rough  way 
while  piping  was  in  progress  in  some  hydraulic 
mine.  I  am  not  aware  that  such  an  estimation 
has  ever  been  made.  A  large  proportion  of  the 
bowlders  weigh  many  tons  each  and  the  miners 
are  compelled  to  blast  or  remove  them  with 
large  derricks  operated  by  water-power. 

Mechanical  Analyses. 

A— Dutch  hydraulic  mine,  near  Laporte, 
Plumas  county, 

B— Edmin  mine,  Plumas  county,  Cali- 
fornia. 

C— Concentrates,  Cherokee  Flat,  Spring 
Valley  hydraulic  mine,  Butte  county,  Cili- 
fornia, 

D— Gravel,  Nevada  hydraulic  mine,  Chalk 
Bluffs,  Nevada  county,  California. 

E— Ohio  Glacial  D.ift,  from  Butler  county, 
sent  by  D.  A.  McGord  of  Oxford,  Ohio, 

F— Polar  Star  mine,  Dutch  Flat,  Placer 
countv,  California. 


o 

s 

1 

1 

§ 

§ 

3 

^ 

■*' 

Water        

". 

CI 

PiBsed  100-mesh  sieve 

» 

» 

Remained  on  100-meah  sieve 

s 

s 

° 

1- 

aemained  on  SO-mesh  sieve. 

Oi 

5 

d 

co 

Remained  on  60-m9Sh  sieve. 

in 

CO 

° 

^ 

tX 

«= 

-    , 
Romained  on  40-mesh  sieve , 

(-. 

Id 

M 

S 

■^ 

Remained  on  20-mesh  s'eve. 

1 

" 

d 

o 

S 

o 

CO 

" 

Remained  on  10-mesli  sieve . 

o 

tH 

w 

Remained  on  6-mesh  sieve. . 

-*> 

2 

a 

m 

2 

- 

Remained  on  3-me3h  sieve.. 

2 

s 

to 

< 

a 

o 

Q 

» 

E^ 

A  1 — Pdbbles  from  ^  inch  to  1  inch  in  di- 
ameter, 3  per  cent  were  quartz,  40  per  cent 
were  rounded  and  60  per  cent  angular  and  Bub* 
angular. 

A  2 — 80  per  cent  quartz,  20  per  cent  rounded, 
16  per  cent  sub-aognlar,  64  per  cent  angular. 

A  3  to  A  5 — Naarly  all  qaartz,  all  angular. 

A  6  to  A  9 — All  qaartz,  all  angular. 

B— AU  portions  coatained  gold. 

G — Contained  magnetic  sand  with  zircon, 
platinum  acd  gold. 

A  second  portion  treated  in  Schaltz'a  appa- 
ratus gave  the  following  results  : 

Per  cent. 

N -First  light  portion 23. 9S 

O— Second  light  portion 40.99 

P— Coarse,  heavy  portion 7 .  14 

Q— Remained  in  apparatus 27 .  .^ie 

K-Amilgam— gold  0,10,  mer<:ury  0  23 0.33 

Total 100.00 

Portion  *'N"  was  quartz  in  angular  frag- 
ments, black  sand  in  obscure  crystals  or  rounded 
forms,  small  masses  of  globular  pyrites  in  mi- 
nute crystals,  with  crystals  of  pyrite  attached. 
But  few  of  the  black   granules   were  magnetic. 

"0"  much  the  same,  but  with  more  black 
grains,  some  of  which  seem  to  be  obsidian,  a 
few  doubly  terminated  quartz  crystals  aud 
claaters  of  pyrite  crystals, 

"P"  nearly  the  same  in  appearance  but 
larger  grains;  all  angles  of  pyrite  unworn. 

**  Q."  This  was  the  most  interesting  por- 
tion, consiating  largely  of  perfect  crystals  of 
ziroon  and  black  grains,  a  few  green  and  red 
in  the  following  proportion,  picked  out  by 
hand:  Black  grains,  62;  red  grains,  1;  zircon, 
37.  The  black  grains  were  heated  to  redness, 
upon  which  a  few  became  magnetic.  When 
ground  in  an  agate  mortar,  a  brown  powder  was 
formed,  which  resisted  the  action  of  acids.  In 
a  bead  of  borax  before  the  blowpipe,  a  strong 
chromium  reaction  was  obtained. 

^'  K"  was  gold  amalgam  left  in  the  sample, 
but  which  could  easily  have  been  removed  by 
simple  conoentratlon.  The  gold  was  equal  to 
2  133  pounds  avoirdupois  to  the  ton  of  2000 
pounds,  having  a  value  of  $643.01  to  the  ton. 

D.  This  sample  was  taken  from  a  pillar  near 
the  surface,  aud  is  considered  a  fair  sample  of 
the  gravel  worked  in  the  mine  for  15  years. 
A  proper  reduction  for  tho  large  bowlders 
which  are  plentiful  in  the  mine,  if  it  could  be 


calculated,  would  reduce  the  peroentages  of  all 
the  parts  obtained  in  this  analysis. 

After  separation  of  the  larger  pebbles  and 
the  coarser  gravel,  the  finer  portion  was  care- 
fully washed;  no  gold  was  found,  but  a  very 
heavy  grayish  sand  remained  on  the  batea.  This 
was  examined  mioroscopically  and  found  to  be 
composed  of  some  black  uon-magoetic  particles,a 
white  mineral  resembling  quartz,  a  few  red 
crystals,  and  others  resembling  rough  diamonds,' 
a  small  portion  oE  magnetic  sand,  and  an  abun- 
dance of  beautiful  crystal  of  zircon.  The  red 
crystals  were  obscure,  beiog  somewhat  worn  on 
the  edges.  Those  thought  to  be  diamonds  had 
that  peouliar  stearins  luster  and  appearance 
common  to  rough  diamonds,  and  were  extreme- 
ly brilliant  to  reflected  light.  A  whitish  sub- 
stance floated  on  the  water  in  which  the  dirt 
was  washed;  this,  under  the  microscope,  was 
found  to  be  pine  sawdust,  and  being  foreign, 
was  not  weighed  or  estimated. 

D  1  was  large  pebbles,  SO  per  cent  of  which 
were  qaarts;  they  were  all  rounded  as  if  water- 
worn. 

D  2  was  coarse  gravel,  between  half  an  inch 
and  one  inch  in  diameter.  It  contained  63  per 
cent  of  quartz;  nearly  all  the  gravel  was 
rounded, 

D  3  contained  57  per  cent  of  quartz. 

The  other  portions  consisted  largely  of  quartz; 
nearly  all  the  grains  were  angular  and  not  in 
the  slightest  degree  worn. 

D  0  was  fine  slickens,  which,  being  allowed 
to  dry  in  a  mass,  became  hard  and  broke  with 
a  flae-graioed  oonohoidal  fracture  like  litho* 
marge.  Examined  microscopically,  it  had  the 
general  appearance  of  the  others.  There  should 
be  a  distinction  made  between  '*  mining  debris  " 
and  "  slickens."  The  former  consista  of  bowl- 
ders and  heavy  particles  which  remain  near  the 
mines;  the  latter  is  finely  divided  silt,  so  light 
that  it  floats  to  a  long  distance,  and  only  settles 
in  stagnant  water  or  in  streams  that  move  very 
slowly. 

E  2,  fragments  from  5  to  20  mm.,  all  some- 
what rounded,  none  of  them  quartz,  62  per 
cent  limestone,  not  by  weight  but  by  counting 
particles. 

E  3  fragments  nearly  all  angular,  a  few  white 
quartz  which  are  rounded.  The  angular 
tragments  seem  to  be  limestone.  There  were 
several  fossil  bivalve  shells  and  a  few  granules 
of  sandy  quartz  bad  numerous  metallic  parti- 
cles imbedded;  67  per  oent  effervesced  with 
hydrochloric  acid. 

E  4  all  angular;  fragments  of  fossil  corals, 
limestone  and  quartzite  and  fine-grained  crys- 
talline rocks;  bat  little  quartz,  and  this  an- 
gular. 

E  5  same  general  character  as  E  4  but  small- 
er grained;  schists,  sedimentary  rooks,  aud  fos- 
sil corals;  one  of  the  chalcedonic  spheres  seen 
so  abundantly  in  E  9  was  observed. 

E  6  nearly  all  angular;  largely  quartz  moat 
of  which  is  crushed  and  shows  conoboidal  fract- 
ure, a  few  worn  ones,  some  of  the  red  mineral 
seen  in  E  9. 

E  7  nearly  all  quartz,  most  of  which  is  angu- 
lar, many  spermicetti-like  globules  (chalce- 
dony?). 

E  8  does  not  differ  materially  from  E  7  ex- 
cept in  size  of  particles. 

E  9  was  very  finely  divided  quartz  fragments 
in  a  nearly  amorphous  powder;  no  organic 
forms  could  be  discovered  except  limestone  in 
small  quantity  shown  by  effervescence  in  acida. 

Concentrates  from  E  9,  one  gram;  consists 
largely  of  nearly  transparent  quartz  all  in  an- 
gular fragments,  some  black  and  shining  parti- 
cles, others  coke-like,  others  red-garnet  like, 
broken  fragments  such  as  are  found  in  Califor- 
nia hydraulic  sands,  many  globular  like  drops 
of  water  but  chaloedonic  in  character;  do  not 
seem  to  be  rolled;  they  are  rough  on  the  outside 
some,  transparent  or  waxy,  generally  about  the 
same  size,  none  broken;  there  are  no  crystals 
and  no  metallic  particles, 

F — A  sample  of  50  pounds  taken  from  near 
the  surface  which  had  never  been  disturbed  by 
the  hand  of  man.  The  gravel  was  colored 
ocher  yellow  by  oxide  of  iron,  a  great  portion 
of  which  washed  off  with  water.  The  large 
pebbles  were,  with  one  exception,  quartz,  with 
peculiar  striations  not  due  to  mere  water- 
washing,  but  deeply  grooved  as  if  held  in  a  nat- 
ural viae  while  another  body  moved  against 
them,  which  seems  to  be  a  clear  indication  of 
glacial  action;  the  exceptional  pebble  was  ser- 
pentine. No  noteworthy  feature  was  observed 
ia  the  microscopic  examination  of  the  fine 
gravels  and  sand,  except  the  sharp  and  un- 
worn angles  and  edges. 

An  examination  o(  the  portion  left  on  the 
batea  was  unusually  interesting.  There  were 
some  dark-colored  and  very  heavy  particles 
which  proved  to  be  battered  bird-shot;  a  few 
colors  of  gold  were  seen,  with  a  conaiderable 
quantity  of  black  particles,  constituting  about 
50  per  cent  of  the  whole,  but  few  of  which 
were  magnetic.  There  were  also  a  few  parti 
clea  of  hyalline  quartz  and  much  sharp-angled 
quartz  sand,  but  no  zircon.  As  compared  with 
dune  sand,  it  was  much  less  worn,  the  parti- 
cles being  nearly  all  angular  and  sharp;  the 
black  particles  were  lees  angular  than  those  of 
the  quartz.  The  gold  was  somewhat  coated, 
the  coating  being  white  like  silica,  but  not  to 
the  extent  comtnon  to  much  of  the  gold  in  the 
placers  of  the  State. 

Portion  F  7  aa  seen  under  the  microscope 
was  composed  of  particles  made  up  of  exceed- 
ingly fine  atoms,  all  of  which  were  quartz, 
sharp  and  angular,  and  colored  yellow  by  oxide 
of  iron.  Boiled  in  nitro-muriatic  acid  and  well 
washed,  the  quartz  became  pure  white  and  the 
acid  solution  gave  a  strong  reaction  for  iron.    It 


is  easy  to  understand  how  such  a  deposit  could 
form  beds  of  yellow  ocher  when  concentrated 
from  sand  and  gravel  by  long-continued  action 
of  water  in  motion. 

The  following  is  the  result  of  examination  of 
samples  of  sands,  silts  and  sliokens,  collected 
from  various  parts  of  the  State,  selected  from 
several  hundred  in  my  cabinet.  All  were 
gathered  by  myself  at  the  localities  named: 

AA— Stratified  sand,  Indiana  hill.  Gold  Run, 
60  feet  above  bedrock,  rather  a  coarse  sand; 
nearly  all  passes  through  a  20-mesh  sieve;  shows 
no  special  characteristics, 

BB— Medium  sand  used  for  building  pur- 
poses, American  river,  at  Twelfth-street  bridge, 
Sacramento.  Nearly  all  passes  a  40-mesh  sieve. 
It  contained  a  few  magnetic  particles,  consid- 
erable fiike  mica,  mostly  angular  quartz  with 
some  rounded  grains. 

CO — Kiver  silt,  American  river,  Sacramento. 
Used  to  fill  lands  to  grade.  Composed  princi- 
pally of  angular  quartz;  contained  a  large  qnan- 
titv  of  mica  and  woody  fiber, 

DD— Silt  from  Alviao,  Santa  Clara  county. 
Blackens  after  heating  to  redness;  after  long- 
continued  ignition  becomes  red;  mostly  rounded 
quartz  granulea  resembling  dune  sanda  of  San 
Francisco,  but  contains  conaiderable  mica  in 
scales. 

EE— Sand  from  Alameda,  Alameda  county. 
Resembles  Sin  Francisco  dune  sand,  all  the 
particles  rounded  and  water  or  wind-worn; 
nearly  all  quartz, 

FF — Fine  sand  from  bank  of  river  opposite 
MaryEviUe,  Yuba  county.  Sharp,  angular  fine 
particles,  containing  a  few  scattered  scales  of 
mica. 

GG— Sand  overlying  (JJ)  American  river, 
Sioramento.  Coarse,  mostly  angular  quartz 
some  well-rounded  grains  and  a  few  flitkes  of 
mica. 

HH — Sand  North  Bloomfield  hydraulic  mine, 
Nevada  county.  Qaartz  sand  coated  with  a 
yellow,  finely  divided  ferruginous  slickens,  not 
plastic  but  easily  washed  away,  leaving  sharp 
angular  quartz  sand,  and  revealing  the  presence 
of  considerable  aandy  magnetite.  This  ma- 
terial resembles  the  auriferous  matter  found  in 
the  Edman  mine,  Plumas  county, 

II — Samples  of  auriferous  qaartz,  orushed  by 
myself  and  passed  through  a  50>me8b  sieve. 
Identical  in  appearance  with  hydraulic  sands. 

JJ — Slickens,  American  river,  Sacramento. 
Very  finely  divided,  all  particles  angular,  in- 
cluding some  flakes  of  mica.  Color,  buff; 
blackens  when  heated  to  redness,  partly  re- 
gains color  on  cooling;  this  experiment  was 
several  times  repeated. 

KK— Sliokens,  American  river,  Twelfth- 
street  bridge,  Sioramento,  Very  fine,  yellow- 
ish colored^  the  particles  were  partly  cubical; 
edges  somewhat  rounded;  different  from  JJ, 
which  is  from  nearly  the  same  locality;  evi- 
dently river  mud. 

LL— Slickens,  North  B'.oomfield  hydraulic 
mine,  Nevada  county,  taken  from  the  bedrock; 
somewhat  plastic;  when  treated  with  water, 
softens;  a  yellowish,  very  fine  silt  fliats,  leav- 
ing a  coarse,  nearly  pure  qaartz  sand;  perfectly 
angular, 

MM — Slickens,  North  Bloomfield,  Nevada 
county,  yellowish  colored;  wifch  water  not  at 
all  plastic,  a  golden-yellow  fine  powder  washed 
away  as  in  HH,  leaving  coarse  and  fine  angnlar 
quartz  sand;  no  magnetite. 

NN — Sliokens  from  a  lake  in  Steep  Hollow, 
near  Chalk  Bluffs,  Nevada  county,  not  plastic; 
colored  yellow  by  oxide  of  iron;  principally 
quartz  sand;  granules  all  sharp  angnlar. 

00— Pipeclay,  North  Bloomfield,  Nevada 
county,  snow-white  and  very  homogeneous. 
Bafore  blowpipe  with  cobalt  solution  becomes 
deep  blue;  when  wet  is  very  plastic;  under  the 
microscope  with  a  high  power  Is  seen  to  be 
largely  very  finely  divided  angular  quartz; 
when  washed,  leaves  no  tine  sand. 

Chemical  analyses  of  silts  and  slickens  from 
California  hydraulic  mines  show  them  to  con- 
tain: 

Per  cent. 

Silica 67  to  90 

Oxiiie  of  iron 4  to  II 

Alumina    ,      3  to  12 

Lime  ....  - "^ 

Oxide  manganese     I  ^^f^^  t^j^^e 

Magnesia  ,-jq  g  per  c. 

Potash  ^ 

Soda / 

Specific  gravity 2.3  to  2.66 

The  following  extracts,  which  have  a  special 
hearing  on  this  subjact,  are  from  one  of  my  re- 
ports (Second  Annual  Report  of  the  State 
Mineralogist  of   California,  Sacramento,  1882): 

*'  From  the  examination  of  the  hydraulic 
sands  it  ia  fair  to  infer  that  the  same  force 
that  crushed  the  rooks,  set  the  gold  free,  flat- 
tened the  grains,  and  coated  those  which 
passed  between  the  rocks  and  the  grinding  ice. 

'*  When  I  made  the  discovery  by  the  use  of 
the  raicroBcope  that  all  the  aands  in  the  hy- 
draulic mines  were  angular  and  not  rounded  by 
the  action  of  water,  as  I  expected  to  find  them, 
I  came  to  the  conclusion  that  the  river-beds 
had  not  been  filled  by  force  of  water  alone  as 
generally  supposed,  but  that  we  must  formu- 
late a  new  theory  based  on  the  new  discovery. 
I  naturally  looked  to  ice  as  the  agent  and  at- 
tributed the  filling  of  the  beds  and  the  diain- 
tegration  of  the  rocks  to  the  action  of  glaciers 
moving  over  the  land.  This  view,  while  it 
would  account  for  most  of  the  phenomena,  did 
not  account  for  all.  The  rounded  bowlders 
were  a  stumbling-block  which  could  not  be 
overcome,  and  their  formation,  by  long-con- 
tinued action  of  water,  could  not  be  made  to 
harmonize  with  the  angular  condition  of  the 
sands. 

*' Observations  made  in   studying   this  very 


interesting  subject  seem  to  strengthen  the 
opinions  of  the  advocates  of  the  theory  of  ex- 
tensive intermittent  and  almost  universal 
glacial  action  on  the  earth's  surface;  no  theory 
I  am"  familiar  with  so  perfectly  accounts  for  the 
present  condition  of  this  sand,  I  find  the  re- 
semblanoe  between  the  finer  sands  and  the 
diatomaceona  earth  of  the  State  so  marked 
that  I  am  inolined  to  trace  a  coDnection  be- 
tween them.  After  making  a  comparison  un- 
der the  microscope,  I  returned  to  the  former 
and  made  a  critical  and  long-continued  search 
for  organic  forms,  feeling  to  a  certain  extent 
disappointed  when  I  found  none;  yet  the  re- 
semblance is  so  striking  that  it  would  seem  al- 
most proved  that  the  hydraulic  gravels  and  the 
diatomaceous  earths  have  a  common  origin;  the 
latter  being  brought  down  by  streams  and  de- 
posited in  some  quiet  ancient  lake,  in  which 
diatoms  living  and  dying  left  their  tiny  skele- 
tons in  the  slowly  deposited  silt. 

"  It  is  well  known  that  certain  strata  in  the 
diatomaceous  earths  contain  these  intereatiog 
forms  in  greater  quantities  and  in  more  specific 
varieties  than  they  are  found  in  others,  which 
would  seem  to  indicate  that  they  were  deposit- 
ed in  different  geological  eras,  or  at  least  at 
different  intervals  of  time, 

*^It  is  probable  that  the  diatoms  derived  the 
silica  required  for  their  shells  from  quartz  held 
in  suspense  or  solution  in  water.  Thinking  this 
over,  another  experiment  was  made  which 
established  still  stronger  evidence  aa  to  the 
similarity  between  the  finer  silts  and  the 
diatomaceous  earths.  A  portion  of  the  former 
was  boiled  in  a  silver  dish  with  a  strong  solu- 
tion of  caustic  potash,  A  large  quantity  of 
silica  was  dissolved,  which  proves  that  at  least 
a  portion  of  the  silica  had  changed  from  its 
condition  of  quartz,  and  had  assumed  the  nas- 
cent or  soluble  state.  It  is  well  known  that 
diatomaceous  earth  is  largely  soluble  in  oaustio 
alkalies,  advantage  bsing  taken  of  it  in  the  pro- 
duction of  silicate  of  soda  and  potash  on  a  large 
scale;  and  it  is  equally  well  known  that  quartz 
is  only  slightly  acted  on,  except  after  being  cal- 
cined, and  under  pressure.  I  am  aware  that 
finely  powdered  quartz,  long  heated  in  boiling 
potash  lye,  slowly  changea  to  the  soluble  state 
and  entera  into  solution.  In  this  experiment 
the  solation  was  immediate  and  copious," 


Coast  Industrial  Notes.   . 

Nearly  1000  man  are  employed  in  the  coal 
mines  at  Roslyn,  and  the  daily  output  is  from 
750  to  90O  tone. 

Enough  of  the  steel  rails  for  the  Oakland  and 
Berkeley  electric  railroad  have  arrived  to  start 
the  work  of  track-laying  ahead  again. 

The  quarrymen  at  Penryn,  Placer  county, now 
work  nine  hours  for  a  day's  work,  without 
change  of  wages  from  the  ten-hour  day. 

On  the  14tb  inst.  the  machine  shops  of  the 
Northern  Pacific  R.  R.  Co.  at  Ellensbarg, 
Washington,  were  destroyed  by  fire.  Loss, 
SIOQ.OOO. 

About  250  men  are  now  engaged  in  the  work 
of  construction  of  the  suburban  section  of  the 
Piedmont  cable  road.  It  is  said  that  the  cost 
of  the  entire  system,  including  the  Fourteenth- 
street  line,  will  approximate  81,000,000. 

In  the  last  few  weeks  ten  ships  and  barks 
have  left  this  port  for  various  points  in  Alaska. 
On  these  vessels  over  1000  Ohinese  have 
taken  passage.  They  have  gone  to  Alaska  un- 
der contracts  to  work  in  the  salmon  canneries 
and  fisheries. 

The  steamer  Qaeen  is  fitting  out  at  the 
Union  Iron  Works  for  the  Alaskan  route,  Her 
deck-house  is  being  extended  and  will  contain 
38  more  staterooms,  making  96  in  all.  She 
will  run  as  an  excursion  boat  from  the  Sound  to 
Alaska. 

The  contract  for  the  erection  of  the  ten*Btory 
Crocker  building  on  the  Post  and  Market  street 
g;ore  has  been  let  to  Mahoney  Bros.,  who  will 
begin  work  at  once.  The  cost  of  the  building 
when  completed,  it  is  estimated,  will  be  con- 
siderably over  Sl.OOO.OOO. 

Another  industry  is  to  be  located  In  Oak- 
land, The  creosote  works  of  the  Southern  Pa- 
cific Co, ,  until  some  weeks  since  estaliahed  at 
San  Pedro,  Los  Angeles  county,  and  visited 
by  fire  there,  will  be  situated  in  the  Peralta- 
atreet  yards,  by  the  shore  of  the  estuary. 

Natural  Gas  has  been  found  on  Piries* 
ranch  near  Nordhoff,  Ventura  Co.  There  is  no 
question  of  the  existence  of  natural  gas  in 
mmy  places  in  Ventura  county  in  quantities 
sufficient  to  be  worth  looking  after,  but  it  goes 
to  waste,  except  in  Santa  Paula  canyon,  where 
it  is  used  by  the  Oil  Oompany  to  run  engines  at 
their  pumping  station. 

Close  on  to  a  million  of  dollars  will  be  spent 
at  Mare  island  on  the  completion  of  the  monitor 
Monadnock.  The  Iroquois,  Thetis,  Alert  and 
Ranger  are  all  undergoing  extensive  repairs  at 
the  Navyyard.  It  is  expected  that  the  Adams 
will  arrive  shortly.  The  Marion  is  also  on  the 
way.  Both  of  these  vessels  will  also  need  con- 
siderable repairing. 

The  lathers  went  on  a  strike  last  week  for 
higher  pay.  Thoae  who  work  by  the  day 
want  an  advance  from  $2,50  and  S3  50  per  day 
to  $3  50  and  $4,  while  those  working  by  the 
piece  want  an'  advance  from  $1  50  per  thou- 
sand to  SI. 75.  The  contractors,  with  very  few 
exceptions,  have  decided  to  pay  the  advance 
in  wages  asked  by  the  employes.  The  con- 
tractors say  that  the  lathers  strike  about  this 
time  every^year.     Baring  the  dull  seaaon  the 


Apbil  26    lb90.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


281 


Utbers  work  for  very  low  waftea,  and  when 
baiiaeas  picks  up  tbey  strike  for  more.  They 
will,  aoeordiog  to  tbo  utatemontB  of  the  oon- 
tractors,  be  back  to  tbeir  old  tigores  in  a  few 
montbe,  after  the  present  baildiog  boom  hai 
sabaided. 

Thk  Watsooville  Pajaronian  n^yi  :  The  ijeet 
factory's  lime  and  potash  vata  wilt  be  cleaned 
ont  before  the  oext  aeaaon's  run  bfgins,  and  it 
Lb  eatimated  that  there  will  be  at  least  700  tons 
of  the  time  fertiji/er  for  shipment  to  the  S^nd* 
wlob  lalinda.  Potaeh  will  also  go  to  the  islands. 
There  ia  a  scarcity  of  lime  there,  and  tbia  fer- 
tiliser will  aell  for  a  good  price. 

pALAniNi  v\:  C<». ,  owners  of  the  tishing 
ateamer  U.  S.  <  iraot,  have  contracted  with 
Wm.  Stone,  the  ship-bnilder,  to  build  for  them 
another  steamer  to  be  used  for  lisbing  par- 
poaea.  The  dimensions  of  the  new  craft  will 
be:  Length,  t>')  feet;  beam, 'J2  feet;  depth,  9 
feet.  Her  hull  will  cost  $5000  and  her  machin- 
ery about  $7,500,  and  ahe  will  b3  completed  in 
absut  two  months.  When  Hnished  ehe  will 
sail  in  consort  with  tbo  Grant,  fishing  off  the 
port.  The  two  will  ateam  along  about  .500  feet 
apart  and  drag  between  them  an  enormous  net. 
The  machinery  from  the  Nilea  Tool  Works, 
Hamilton,  Ohio,  baa  arrived  at  Mare  Island 
Navy. yard.  The  machinery  oonaistB  of  three 
armor-plate  bending'roUs  to  be  used  in  the 
Mare  Island  Navy-yard.  They  can  bend  plates 
cold  1  Inches  thick  and  27  feet  wide  of  wrought 
ateei.  The  largest  of  the  three  is  X^  incbee  in 
diameter,  with  a  27  foot  face,  and  IS-inoh 
journals  '.i  feet  long.  The  two  smaller  are  20 
inches  in  diameter,  with  the  same  face  and 
same  length  journals,  13  inches  in  diameter. 
The  largest  in  itself  weighs  86,700  pounds. 
The  freight  bill  alone  amonnted  to  $10,000. 

CiiARLE.s  White  has  established  hia  shipyard, 
formerly  at  North  Baach,  on  Oikland  Creek. 
A  two-story  frame  building  has  just  been 
completed,  containing  15  large  aleeping-rooms, 
with  dining-room,  kitchen  and  reading-room, 
besides  quarters  to  be  used  as  offices,  model- 
rooma,  drafting-rooms,  etc.  Oa  the  banks  of 
the  estuary  is  a  sawmill,  which  is  nearly  com 
pleted.  In  it  is  all  the  latest  and  most  approv- 
ed machinery  for  Bbip-butlding.  The  black- 
smith-shop ia  located  in  the  same  building,  and 
a  large  engine  and  tiO-horae  power  boiler  will 
furnish  all  the  necessary  power  for  hauling 
lumber  and  drawing  veaselB  up  on  the  ways. 
The  marine  ways  have  been  completed,  and  at 
present  25  men  are  employed  at  the  yards,  and 
thla  force  will  be  increased  to  100  as  soon  as 
Mr.  White  can  put  them  to  work.  One  vessel 
is  being  coDstruoted  now.  The  vessel  ia  one  of 
45  tone,  and  is  being  built  by  the  Arctic  Pack- 
ing Company  for  salmon  fishing  in  Alaskan 
waters.  Mr.  White  has  contracted  for  four 
veasele  in  all  so  far.  One  will  be  a  four-masted 
barkentine,  to  be  laanohed  in  August.  Another 
will  be  a  schooner,  and  a  third  a  steamer.  The 
timber  for  all  these  vessels  now  lies  in  the  harbor 
ready  to  be  used. 

TiiEUB  are  10  broom  factories  in  this  oity, 
the  bueinees  being  principally  in  the  hands  of 
two  or  three  firms.  Then,  scattered  through* 
oat  the  country,  there  are.  for  example,  two  in 
Sacramento,  two  in  San  Jose,  three  in  Stock- 
ton, two  in  Loa  Angeles  and  one  in  Bed  B!uff, 
with  some  others.  The  manufacture  of  broomp 
is  also  carried  on  to  a  considerable  extent  at 
the  Industrial  Home  for  the  Blind  at  Oakland. 
Taken  together,  the  private  factories  in  the  city 
and  the  blind  asylum  may  be  set  down  as  hav* 
ing  an  ontpnt  of  about  200  dozen  brooms  a 
day,  or  62,400  dozen — say  in  round  numbers 
750,000  brooms — per  year.  The  brooms,  which 
vary  in  weight  all  the  way  from  one  and  a 
third  to  two  poanda  each,  take  about  one  ton 
of  corn  to  every  100  dozen  brooms.  The  num- 
ber of  hands  employed  in  this  oity  ia  about 
150,  50  of  whom^  mostly  white  men,  are  in  the 
pay  of  one  firm,  the  balance  being  divided  up 
among  the  smaller  establishments  and  consist- 
ing principally  of  Chinamen.  At  present  from 
§75  up  to  S120  per  ton  ia  being  paid  for  broom- 
corn  by  the  factories,  with  prices  promiBiog  to 
advance  owing  to  the  acarcity  of  the  California 
article  as  a  result  of  the  leaser  area  planted  last 
year.  The  eatimated  production  by  the  State 
ia  set  down  at  about  500  tons  for  the  last  year, 
where  in  other  years  it  baa  reached  up  to  1000 
tons. 

A  Movement  is  on  foot  among  the  aalmon 
oanners  and  agents  to  come  to  some  under- 
Btanding  whereby  the  production  of  the  coming 
season  will  not  be  aa  large  as  it  was  laat  year. 
The  moat  careful  estimates  show  that  there  is 
Btill  a  stock  ranging  from  200,000  to  250,000 
casea  of  1889  salmon  in  the  bands  of  the  pro- 
daoera.  Advices  from  Portland,  dated  April 
15th,  say:  Owing  to  a  dispute  between  the 
cannery  men  and  the  Fishermen's  Union  no 
salmon  are  being  canned  on  the  Colnmbia,  and- 
the  headquarters  of  the  salmon  business  is  at 
present  in  this  city.  There  are  a  good  many 
fish  running  in  the  Willamette,  and  parties  are 
fishing  despite  the  union  and  selling  tons  of 
fish  here  for  three  oents  a  pound.  The  fish  are 
being  salted  in  barrels  and  shipped  by  the  car- 
load for  Germany  and  Kuaaia,  where  the  salt 
will  be  extracted  by  aome  peculiar  prooeas  and 
the  fieh  canned,  thua  avoiding  the  duty  on 
canned  gooda.  Ualeea  the  trouble  batween  the 
tiaherijien  and  the  canners  ia  settled,  a  very 
large  amount  of  salmon  will  be  diapo-'ed  of  in 
this  way.  The  fiahecmen  on  the  Calumbia 
years  ago  got  50  cents  a  fiah.  They  organizd 
as  fish  became  acarcer  and  fishermen  more  nu- 
merona  and  got  50  centa,  then  75  cents  and 
finally  $1  a  fish.  This  year  they  are  atriking 
Jfor  $1.25. 


Legal  Points  in  Levee  Building. 

There  waa  filed  by  the  Supreme  Court,  recent- 
ly, an  interesting  decialon  in  the  oaee  of  R.  Mc- 
Daniel,  appellant,  va.  M.  Cummioga,  respond* 
ent.  The  defendant  owns  the  west  half  of  a 
certain  section,  No.  26,  la  Colusa  county. 
Plaintiff  owna  land  adjuining  on  the  west.  Still 
farther  to  the  weat,  at  a  diatance  of  about  two 
miles  from  plain tiS*  'a  land,  the  Sacramento 
river  S^ws  from  north  to  aooth.  The  land  next 
the  river  is  the  highest,  there  being  a  gradual 
descent  from  the  river  bank  to  and  beyond  the 
land  of  defendant.  W^hen  the  rivar  risoe  above 
the  Uvel  of  its  banks,  aa  it  generally  does  eev- 
eral  timea  during  every  rainy  season,  the  water 
Bows  cfiF  to  the  oast  or  eoutheast,  across  the 
land  of  the  plaintitf,  and  other  lands  aimilarly 
situated,  to  and  acrosa  the  land  of  defendant 
and  other  lands  in  the  same  relative  situation. 
It  does  not  Sow  in  any  nnrrow  or  dtfioed  chan- 
nel or  cbannela,  but  in  a  broad  sheet  covering 
a  wide  surface. 

When  the  river  falls  below  the  level  of  the 
banks  the  overflow  cannot,  of  course,  find  its 
way  directly  baok  into  the  stream,  and  conse- 
quently the  landa  near  the  river  are  drained  by 
the  apread  and  fiow  of  water  toward  the  east 
and  southeast,  across  the  lower  lands,  auoh  ae 
those  of  defendant.  Left  unobetruoted  in  their 
natural  and  accnetomed  flow,  these  waters  aoon 
pass  beyond  the  plaintiff's  lands,  leaving  them 
fit  for  cultivation.  But  recently  the  defend- 
ant, without  intending  to  injure  the  plaintiff, 
and  acting  upon  the  bona  fide  belief  that  be 
had  the  right  ao  to  do,  commenced  and  waa 
proceeding  to  complete  a  levee  or  embankment 
along  hie  west  line,  the  neceasary  effect  of 
which  will  be  to  prevent  the  flood-water  from 
paeaing  over  hia  land,  and  to  set  it  back  upon 
the  plaintiff's  land,  causing  it  to  cover  a  larger 
area  thereof,  and  to  remain  thereon  for  a  longer 
period  than  it  otherwise  would. 

The  plaintiff  thereupon  commenced  an  action 
to  enjoin  the  defendant  from  erecting  or  main- 
taining said  levee.  A  temporary  injunction 
was  iesued  upon  the'  filing  of  the  complaint. 
Afterward,  ou  motion  of  the  defendant,  and 
upon  affidavits  ahowing  the  state  of  facta  above 
aet  forth,  the  Superior  Oourt  dieaolved  the  in- 
junction on  the  ground  that  the  defendant  in 
erecting  and  maintaining  his  levee  waa  acting 
within  and  according  to  his  rights.  From  this 
order  disaolving  the  io junction  plaintiff  ap- 
pealed, and  on  September  12,  1889,  an  opinion 
was  filed  by  the  Supreme  Oourt  reversing  the 
order  upon  the  authority  of  Ogburn  va.  Connor, 
46  Cal.,  346.  A  rehearing  waa  subsequently 
granted  upon  petition  filed  on  the  part  of  the 
defendant,  in  which  the  correctnese  of  the  de- 
cision in  Ogburn  vs.  Connor  ia  aseailed.  as  ia 
alto  the  conatruction  given  to  Section  801  of 
the  Cvil  Code. 

Chief  Justice  Beatty,  who  writes  the  opin- 
ion, says:  "I  think  there  can  be  no  doubt 
that  we  were  in  error  In  holding  that  Section 
801  of  the  Civil  Code  givea  to  the  owner  of 
higher  land  an  easement  for  the  discharge  of 
aurface  water  upon  lower  adjoining  land.  That 
section  merely  enumerates  the  different  kinda 
of  burdens  or  aeivitudea  upon  lands  that  may 
be  attached  as  incident  or  appurtenant  to  the 
other  lands,  or,  in  other  words,  it  ia  a  mere 
definition  of  easements  appurtenant,  and  makes 
no  pretense  of  prescribing  or  regulating  the 
manner  of  acquiring  them, 

*'  If  the  owner  of  the  land  next  to  the  river 
will  not,  either  by  himself  or  in  combination 
with  those  behind  him,  ereot  a  levee  on  the 
bank,  he  ought  not  to  be  allowed  to  prevent 
them  from  protecting  themfe'ves,  merely  be- 
cause by  BO  doing  they  prevent  hia  higher  land 
from  being  drained  of  the  flood  waters  as 
rapidly  as  it  otherwise  would  be.  Because  hia 
land  may  ba  cultivated  without  artificial  pro- 
tection, he  ought  not  to  be  allowed  to  prevent 
others  from  using  proper  meana  to  make  their 
lands  productive;  and  what  ia  true  of  the  own- 
er of  the  river-bank  ia  true  in  the  same  sense  of 
each  fiucceaaive  owner  back  of  him.  It  ia  the 
interest  of  all  to  combine  and  share  tbeexpenae 
of  placing  a  levee  on  the  bank,  by  which  all 
will  be  protected;  but  if  thoae  in  front  wUI  do 
nothing  for  themaelvea,  they  must  not  be  al- 
lowed to  atand  in  the  way  of  those  wboae  ne- 
ceeaities  compelled  them  to  act.  Order  af- 
firmed."— Record'  Union, 


Mining  Encjines  — The  Chicago  branch  of 
the  Lidgerwood  Manufacturing  Company,  New 
York,  reports  the  general  atate  of  trade  as  be- 
ing very  good.  They  have  recently  closed 
many  large  orders,  among  which  we  note  the 
following:  A  large  double  friction  drum  min- 
ing engine  and  boilers  to  the  Shafer  mine  of 
Crystal  Falls,  Mich.,  a  duplicate  of  same  to  the 
Mansfield  Iron  Mining  Company  of  the  same 
place,  and  to  the  Nanaino  Mining  Company  of 
Iron  River,  Mich.,  a  large  single  drum,  double 
cylinder  reversible  mining  engine,  besides  a 
]argo  double  friction  drum  mining  engine  with 
boilers.  They  have  also  sold  a  large  double 
cylinder  reveraible  hoisting  engine  to  the  Val- 
ley Mining  Company  of  Beasemer,  Mich.,  four 
large  reveraible  hoisting  enginea  to  the  Sohlea- 
ioger  (iron  mining)  ayodlcate,  and  many  amall 
exploring  enginea  intended  for  the  Like  Supe- 
rior mining  regiona.  The  recent  boom  in  the 
iron  world  haa  cauaed  a  great  ^deal  of  activity 
among  manufacturers  of  mining  machinery,  and 
especially  bo  in  the  caae  of  the  Lidgerwood 
Manufacturing  Company. 


Sampling  Auriferous  Quartz. 

A  simple  WorklDK  Test  for  AmouDt  of 

Gold. 
In  the  Fifth  Annual  Report  of  the  State 
Mineralogist  of  California,  there  appeared  an 
article  written  by  Melville  Attwood,  K  q.,  of 
thia  city  on  "  A  Simple  Working  Teat  for  Oe- 
terminiog  the  i^iuntity  of  Gold  Mechanically 
Combined  with  Auriferoua  Vein-Matter."  Mr. 
Attwood  has  been  for  the  past  50  years  more  or 
leaa  practically  engaged  in  gold  mining,  and 
the  great  importance  of  aome  simple  and  reli- 
able teat  has  oonetautiy  presented  itself  to  hia 
notice.  We  have  long  felt  and  experienced  the 
want  of  aome  practical  and  correct  way  of  esti- 
mating the  value  of  auriferous  vein-matter,  or 
gold  qaartz,  which  would  demonatrate  what 
could  be  obtained  by  careful  milling — a  test 
that  could  be  applied  at  the  mine,  of  so  simple 
a  character,  that  thoae  witnessing  the  trial, 
though  not  conversant  with  mining  or  milling, 
would  be  able  to  judge  of  the  result,  and,  if 
neceasary,  aatiafy  themselves  of  the  safety  of 
their  money,  in  case  tbey  wished  to  invest  for 
the  further  development,  or  even  the  purchase 
of  the  mine.  Mr.  Attwood  at  last  determined 
to  devise  aome  plan  to  meet  the  requirements, 
and  after  exhaustive  experiments  be  has  in  a 
great  measure  auooeeded.  From  bis  article, 
above  referred  to,  we  condenee  the  essential 
featurep,  omitting  that  which  relates  to  the  oc- 
currence of  gold,  etc. 

The  gold  quartz  from  which  the  working  teat 
ia  to  be  made  should  be  taken  from  the  lode  at 
the  ende  or  face  of  the  drifta,  backa  or  crop- 
pinge,  by  an  experienced,  practical  miner  in 
a  quantity  of  not  less  than  13  cubic  feet,  and 
should  be  of  aa  true  an  average  of  the  rock  in 
sight  as  can  poaaibly  be  obtained.  The  broken 
13  cubic  feet  abould  then  be  conveyed  to  the 
place  aelected  for  making  the  test,  and  with 
spalliog  hammers  broken  to  the  siz9  of  macadam 
stuff,  of  which,  after  a  thorough  mixing,  two 
hundred  weight,  representing  as  nearly  aa  poa- 
aible  an  average  of  the  whole,  should  be  taken 
and  placed  on  a  piece  of  canvas  about  two 
yards  square,  in  the  center  of  whioh  is  a  stamp 
die,  and  then,  with  cobbing  hammers,  the  two 
hundred  weight  should  be  reduced  amall  enough 
to  pass  through  a  two-inch  riddle;  the  die  is 
then  removed  and  the  oanvas  raieed  from  each 
side,  so  that  the  broken  quartz  be  well  mixed, 
from  which  two  samples  of  four  pounds  each 
can  then  be  taken.  A  "heavy  bucking  ham- 
mer," with  a  large-sized  **  bucking  iron,"  ou  a 
piece  of  canvas  ao  apread  or  placed  that  it  will 
collect  what  fliea  or  is  thrown  from  under  the 
bucking  hammer,  will  reduce  the  macadam 
stuff  much  more  rapidly,  and  is  perhaps  better 
than  cobbing.  (A  bucking  hammer  is  formed 
of  a  piece  of  iron  six  inchea  square  and  one  inch 
thick,  adapted  to  a  wooden  handle.)  The 
cobbed  four  pounda  aamples  abould  then  be 
pasaed  through  Taylor's  hand  rock-oruaber  till 
it  ia  fine  enough  to  go  through  a  aieve  with  80 
holea  to  the  linear  inch,  or  even  finer,  if  con- 
sidered advisable.  The  following  is  a  deacrip- 
tion  of  Taylor's  crusher  : 

The  design  of  this  amall  machine  ia  to  enable 
a  peraon  quickly  and  easily  to  bring  to  fine 
powder  ttie  hardeat  ores  to  be  assayed  or 
sampled  or  worked.  Both  jaws  are  faced  with 
hard  white  iron,  the  lower  parts  of  which  are 
plain  surfaces,  between  whioh  the  ore  is  crush- 
ed fine.  The  stationary  jaw  B  haa  its  lower 
plain  surface  at  an  angle  to  the  upper  or  cor- 
rugated aurface.  Lower  part  of  thia  jaw  is 
adjusted  by  ecrews  to  oruah  fine  or  coarae.  The 
movable  jaw  O  is  operated  by  the  hand-lever 
A,  Jaws,  linka  and  toggles  as  shown  in  Fig. 
2.  The  jaw  C  haa  its  corrugations  horizontal 
to  facilitate  forcing  the  ore  down  at  each 
stroke  of  the  lever.  This  jaw  haa  a  vertical 
and  horizontal  motion,  the  link  ^forcing  plain 
part  of  jiw  C  forward  with  great  force  at  each 
downward  stroke. 

The  whole  oan  be  quickly  taken  apart  for 
cleaning,  after  each  lot  is  worked,  by  simply 
lifting  up  the  lever  and  throwing  it  out  as  in 
Fig.  2  of  the  drawing.  This  crusher  is  much 
improved  by  putting  a  hard  iron  plate  B  each 
aide  of  the  jaws  to  prevent  the  escape  of  fine 
ore,  and  by  making  the  side  straps,  i>,  of  mal- 
leable iron,  80  they  will  not  break  or  pull  apart 
as  the  great  leverage  has  done  to  oaat  iron. 

The  lever  has  a  rubber  covering  where 
graaped  by  the  hand,  and  a  rubber  cushion 
where  it  strikes  the  bed-piece,  to  prevent  jar 
and  noise. 

Eich  machine  haa  a  cover  {not  ahown)  to 
prevent  pieoea  of  ore  from  flying  out,  and  is 
furniehed  with  a  wrench  and  dnat-bruah.  Ex- 
tra jawa  and  other  parts  oan  be  had.  Weight 
complete,  S5  pounda. 

Taylor'a  hand  crnaber  haa  many  advantagea 
over  the  common  mortar  and  peatle;  first  the 
rapidity  with  which  it  will  cruah  the  quartz  to 
the  deaired  fineneaa  without  the  stamping  and 
grinding  action  of  the  mortar  and  peatle,  by 
which  action  so  large  a  proportion  of  the  gold 
ia  laminated  and  floats  away  when  attempts  are 
made  to  obtain  the  gold  by  mechanical  aaeay- 
waehing. 

Thoae  converaant  with  mining  and  milling 
know  that  there  are  three  modea  of  reducing 
gold  quartz,  copper,  ailver,  lead  and  other  orea, 
namely  "crushing,"  " atamping "  and  "grind- 
ing." The  first  ia  effected  by  horizontal  roller 
rocb-breakers,  the  second  by  stamps,  and  the 
third  by  edge  mills,  pans,  araatraa  and  mill- 
stonea. 

The  great  objections  to  the  two  latter  modes 
of  reduction  in  the   treatment  of  gold  quartz 


are  the  lamination  of  the  gold,  and  the  prodno- 

tion,  when  ailver,  copper,  lead   and   other  ores 

are  so  reduced,  of  so  large  a  quantity  of  slimes. 
The  ore  In  the  condition  of  slimes,  like  thoae 

from  the  Comatock  mills,  is  generally  In  auch  a 
state  that,  ao  far  as  1  know,  all  attempta  up  to 
thia  time  to  profitably  recover  the  metal  have 
failed. 

The  varioua  simple  appHanoea  employed  for 
panning  ont  gold,  and  the  aeparation  of  it  from 
pyritio  matter  and  earthy  materials,  are  aa  fol- 
lows: 

First — "The  flat  shovel," the  uae  of  whioh  ia 
by  Cornish  ore-droaaers  termed  "vanning.* 
The  foremen  of  the  different  dressing-floors 
where  copper,  lead  and  tin  orea  are  assorted 
and  concentrated  for  market,  neceaaarily  "  van  " 
with  conaiderable  ekill.  Vanning  ia  oooaaion- 
ally  brought  into  use  in  teating  for  gold.  Some 
of  the  Cornish  and  Swanaea  assayera  years  ago 
were  perhapa  wrongfully  aoouaed  of  "shovel 
trying,"  as  it  waa  called,  instead  of  making  a 
Are  assay  of  the  samples  of  oopper  ore  sent  to 
them. 

Second — The  "pan,"  aa  used  by  placer  min- 
ers and  prospectors.  It  ia  made  out  of  one 
piece  of  sheet  iron,  and  for  washing  gravel  and 
cleaning  up  in  milling  it  is  vastly  superior  to 
any  other  utensil.  A  small  riddle  (piking  rid- 
dle), similar  to  those  uaed  in  assorting  lead  and 
other  ores,  would  greatly  assist  the  operation  in 
washing  small  quantities  of  gravel.  The  earthy 
matter  would  be  more  easily  removed  or 
cleansed  than  by  rubbing  the  gravel  between 
the  handa.  The  piking  riddle,  with  about 
eight  holea  to  the  linear  inch,  has  two  long 
bandies  fixed  to  it  to  work  It.  A  large  tub, 
partly  filled  with  water,  ia  required.  The  rid- 
dle, with  the  gravel  in  it  to  be  washed,  is  then 
immersed  In  the  water,  and  by  a  sharp,  quick, 
half-rotary  motion  the  clay  or  soil  is  aoon  re- 
moved from  the  pebblea  or  gravel.  What  will 
not  paas  through  the  riddle  la  then  emptied  on 
a  table  or  board  ao  that  it  can  be  examined  to 
see  if  there  are  any  nuggets  or  cement  that  re- 
quire crushing. 

In  eatimating  the  value  of  "drifting  gravel," 
it  ia  beat  to  do  ao  by  the  oubic  foot,  and  in  the 
absence  of  aluicea,  to  use  the  piking  riddle  and 
then  to  wash  out  the  gold  with  a  pan.  "  In 
place,"  the  average  small  gravel  will  weigh  IS 
oubic  feet  to  the  ton;  on  the  dump,  27  cubic 
feet. 

Third — The  "horn  spoon,"  used  prinofpallyf 
I  believe,  by  Mexican  miners  and  millmen  to 
test  the  mercury  in  the  different  stages  of  the 
"Patio"  and  other  amalgamation  proceHses. 
Many  of  our  California  experts  use  it  in  pros- 
pecting for  gold.  It  is  made  of  varioua  shapes 
and  tizea,  but  all  of  them  too  small  to  treat  » 
quantity  of  pulp  sufficient  for  a  washing  test 
for  gold,  besidea  whioh  the  grease  from  the  fin- 
ger-enda  in  atirring  up  the  pulp  in  the  spoon 
causes  a  large  proportion  of  the  scale  gold  to 
float  away  on  the  water,  particularly  that  form 
of  gold  generally  met  with  in  the  cellular  por- 
tions of  the  quartz  and  mostly  associated  with 
ferruginous  matter.  To  prove  how  easily  the 
gold  attaches  itself  to  the  greaae,  take  some  sea- 
beach  gold,  put  into  the  horn  spoon  and  rub  it 
with  the  ends  of  your  fingers,  then  add  water 
to  it,  and  you  will  find  the  greater  part  of  it 
will  float  away.  Nevertheless,  with  the  horn 
spoon  the  presence  of  gold  may  be  detected, 
but  I  cannot  recommend  it  for  a  mechanical  or 
waehing  aesay,  the  reaults  not  being  reliable — 
in  fact,  mere  guesswork. 

Fourth — The  "  batea,"  a  wooden  bowl  or  ves- 
sel used  for  washing  gold  by  the  Mexican  and 
Brazilian  miners,  and  though  these  two  imple- 
ments differ  very  much  in  size  and  shape,  in 
skillful  hands  very  good  results  are  obtained 
from  both.  My  improved  form  of  Brazilian 
batea,  a  description  of  which  will  he  found  in 
your  report  for  1884,  is  the  result  for  many  years 
of  study.  My  first  attempta  were  made  of 
zinc,  one  of  which  I  presented  to  the  Jermyn 
Street  School  of  Mines,  London,  in  1851,  a  cut 
of  which  will  be  found  in  "  Philips'  Metal- 
lurgy," 1859. 

The  pattern  of  my  latest  improved  form  I 
have  given  to  John  Taylor  &  Co.  and  Mr. 
Juatinian  Caire  of  this  city,  who  are  making 
them  in  good  form  and  of  auitable  wood.  The 
Improved  batea,  if  skillfully  handled,  will  give 
very  accurate  results,  showing  nearly  every 
particle  of  the  mechanically  combined  gold  in 
the  veinstone.  It  ia  also  very  useful  aa  a 
concentrator  to  find  the  percentage  of  pyrltic 
matter  in  the  ore. 

When  the  miner  ia  desirous  of  making  a  very 
accurate  working  test,  two  bateas  abould  be 
uaed,  so  that  the  tailings  from  the  first  opera- 
tion oan  be  waahed  over  again.  The  right-hand 
fingers  should  also  be  covered  with  rubber  cots, 
ao  that  the  grease  from  them  may  not  float  the 
gold;  a  little  washing  ammonia  should  also  be 
added,  from  time  to  time  during  the  washing  or 
panning  out. 

In  caae  there  ia  any  talcose  or  greasy  matter 
in  the  aamplea  of  veinstone,  it  should  be  soaked 
in  boiling  water  with  a  little  caustic  soda  for 
10  or  15  minutes  before  panning  out,  which  can 
be  done  in  a  large  glue-pot. 

When  the  gold  and  pyritic  matter  are 
brought  together  in  the  center  of  the  batea, 
and  well  freed  from  the  gangne,  allow  them  to 
be  covered  with  one  or  two  inchea  of  water. 
and  then  with  a  "bar  magnet"  remove  all 
magnetic  iron,  which  can  be  easily  effected,  but 
care  must  be  taken  at  the  same  time  that  none 
of  the  gold  ia  picked  up  with  the  iron;  by 
atriking  the  magnet  alightly  against  the  aide  of 
the  waahing-tub,  the  iron  wiil  fall  from  the 
magnet. 

{Continued  on  page  3S7. ) 


282 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Apeil  26,  1890 


IQlNIJMG   gUMMAF^Y, 

The  following  la  mostly  couaensed  from  journals  published 
in  the  interior,  in  proximity  to  the  mines  mentioned. 


CALIFORNIA. 

Alaineda. 

Chrome. — Livermore  Herald^  April  17:  There  is 
to  be  a  marked  activity  in  tbe  chrome  industry  in 
this  district  this  summer.  Work  has  been  resumed 
at  both  of  tbe  Cedar  Mountain  mines,  and  the  min- 
eral will  soon  be  coming  into  town  again  as  rapidly 
as  ever.  Messrs.  Pitcher  &  Knight  are  prepared 
to  buy  ore  in  any  quantities,  at  good  prices.  Con- 
siderable ore  is  out  at  the  Douglas  mine,  and  work  is 
in  progress  at  the  Ab  Mendenhall  mine.  This  in- 
dustry, when  actively  prosecuted,  puts  considerable 
ready  money  in  circulation  in  our  town. 

The  Eureka  Coal  Mine.— L-ivermore  Herald, 
April  17:  The  history  of  the  present  work  of  devel- 
opment on  the  Livermore  and  Corral  Hollow  coal 
mining  districts  begins  with  the  failure  of  Wm.  T, 
Coleman,  which  threw  his  coal  lands  on  the  market. 
These  lands,  extending  as  they  do  over  the  Liver- 
more, Eureka  and  Summit  veins — the  three  great 
coal  veins  of  this  district— with  a  frontage  on  Corral 
Hollow  creek,  400  feet  below  the  workings  of  the 
Livermore  mine,  held  the  key  to  the  situation. 
Coal  could  be  taken  out  without  hoisting,  while  at 
points  a  level  tunnel  would  have  above  it  nearly  700 
feet  of  coal.  Gutmann  and  others  of  the  Livermore 
Co.  saw  this  and  secured  a  bond  on  the  land.  They 
then  cleared  out  the  old  O'Brien  tunnels,  so  as  to 
show  the  coal  veins,  and  entered  into  negotiations 
with  Eastern  capitalists  to  sell  the  property.  A  coal 
expert  was  sent  on  by  these  parties,  and  his  report 
was  the  most  intelligent  statement  regarding  tbe  dis- 
trict ever  made.  On  the  strength  of  this  report, 
John  Treadwell,  of  Alaska  mining  fame,  bonded  the 
properly  and  agreed  to  thoroughly  develop  it.  He 
is  now  running  a  tunnel  in  a  northerly  direction 
from  the  O'Brien  place  in  Corral  Hollow  creek,  to 
tap  all  the  known  coal  veins  and  whatever  else  it 
may  encounter.  This  tunnel,  to  reach  the  Summit 
vein,  must  be  3000  feet  in  length.  It  is  9x10  in  size, 
and  has  been  driven  into  the  mountain  1400  feet. 
In  places  it  is  timbered,  12x14  timbers  being  used, 
and  put  together  in  such  a  way  as  to  secure  great 
strength.  There  are  long  stretches,  however,  where 
the  rock  is  firm  sandstone,  which  stands  without 
timbering.  At  450  feet  about  a  foot  of  coal  was  en- 
countered. At  500  feet  the  Livermore  vein  was 
passed  through— five  feet  of  good  coal.  Then  fol- 
lowed numerous  small  veins  of  from  two  inches  to  two 
feet,  and  at  iioo  feet  the  mammoth  Eureka  vein 
was  struck.  This  is  fuUy  16  feet  wide,  with  12  feet 
of  solid  coal.  From  this  point  the  tunnel  is  but 
6x7  in  size,  and  needs  no  timbering.  It  is  being 
pushed  forward  by  two  shifts  at  the  rate  of  10  feet 
every  24  hours.  The  rock  is  not  hard,  and  it  con- 
tains very  little  water.  Preparations  are  now  in  prog- 
ress to  run  lateral  tunnels  along  both  the  Liver- 
more and  Eureka  veins.  These  three  tunnels  will 
be  pushed  with  energy,  and  an  additional  force  of 
men  will  be  put  on  in  a  few  days.  They  will  be  run 
alongside  the  veins  to  a  distance  of  about  1500  feet 
on  each.  This  will  thoroughly  test  the  value  of  the 
mine.  It  seems  to  be  the  intention  of  Mr.  Tread- 
well  to  thoroughly  ascertain  the  value  of  his  mining 
property  before  taking  out  any  coal  or  building  a 
railroad  to  it.  He  has,  however,  become  sufficiently 
convinced  of  its  worth  to  warrant  him  in  securing 
the  title  to  it,  which  he  did  this  week.  There  were 
three  groups  of  interests— those  of  the  assignees  of 
Coleman,  those  of  the  secured  English  creditors, 
and  those  of  the  Eureka  Coal  Mining  Co.  The 
total  sum  paid  was  $80,000.  Mr.  Treadwell  had 
previously  purchased  the  property  of  the  Livermore 
Coal  M.  Co.,  and  has  secured  title.  This  gives  him 
more  than  two  miles  in  length  on  all  three  of  these 
veins.  All  have  been  thoroughly  prospected  at  the 
west  end,  and  the  great  tunnel  has  opened  up  two 
of  them  at  the  east.  These  veins  extend  in  very 
nearly  an  easterly  and  westerly  direction,  a  trifle 
south  of  east  and  north  of  west. 

The  Eureka  Camp  is  now  quite  a  lively  place. 
About  25  men  are  employed  at  the  mine  on  both 
shifts  at  present,  and  this  number  will  be  largely  in- 
creased when  work  is  begun  on  the  lateral  drifts. 
Only  the  best  miners  are  employed,  and  every  por- 
tion of  the  work  shows  that  fact.  A  new  superin- 
tendent, J.  J.  Kermine,  took  charge  of  the  mine 
this  week. 

Amador. 

Plymouth  Con.  Mine.— it'o'^^r,  April  14:  In 
the  tunnel  on  No.  2  (Indiana)  they  are  running  two 
crosscuts.     One  is  in  39  feet  and  one  18  feet. 

Amador  Gold  Mine. — Mr.  Harrison,  the  man- 
ager of  this  property,  returned  from  San  Francisco 
on  Monday  evening.  In  relation  to  the  attachment 
suits,  he  informs  us  that  they  were  instituted  by 
Rankin,  Brayton  &  Co.,  foundrymen  of  San  Fran- 
cisco, and  that  the  company  disputes  the  claim. 
There  is  no  doubt,  however,  that  the  matter  will  be 
satisfactorily  adjusted  before  long,  without  involving 
tedious  litigation.  At  any  rate,  it  is  not  likely  to  in- 
terfere with  the  starting  of  the  mill.  The  sum  of 
$to,ooo  was  received  Mondayand  the  wages  of  em- 
ployes were  all  liquidated  up  to  April  i.  It  is  ex- 
pected that  the  mill  will  be  ready  to  commence  op- 
erations about  the  ist  of  May.  J.  Irving,  formerly 
of  the  Kennedy  mill,  has  been  engaged  as 
mill-man.  About  30  men  have  been  engaged 
for  underground  work,  and  they  will  commence  op, 
erations  next  week.  The  controversy  concerning  the 
right  of  way  for  the  tramway  was  finally  adjusted 
Thursday.  The  necessary  papers  giving  the  compa- 
ny the  right  of  way  on  the  present  line  have  been 
signed  and  the  same  placed  in  escrow  pending  the  ar- 
rival of  the  purchase-money  from  London.  We  un- 
derstand the  Morley  M.  Co.,  that  operated  the 
Wetzlar  mine  in  Hunt's  gulch  for  a  few  months,  is 
about  to  close  out  its  interests  and  retire  from  the 
mining  field  in  this  country. 

Calaveras. 

Important  Strikes.— Calaveras  Prospect,  April 
19:  It  is  reported  that  Frank  Cuneo,  of  San  An- 
tone  Camp,  has  made  a  valuable  find  in  his  mine 
on  Indian  Creek  Ridge.  The  vein  is  from  three  to 
four  feet  wide,  and  is  very  rich.  It  is  claimed  by 
Mr.  Cuneo  that  this  vein  is  a  continuation  of  the 
famous  Esmeralda  Lead,  owned  by  E.  A.  Davis 
and  F.  J.  Martin.  Farther  up  the  same  ridge,  an- 
other valuble  discovery  has  iieen  made  by  L.  R.  , 
Kline.  He  has  uncovered  a  vein  which  has  been 
prospected  for  years  on  account  of  tbe  ri-ih  "  float  "  | 


continually  found  in  the  neighborhood,  but  in  vain, 
until  recently  discovered  by  Mr,  Kline.  The  vein 
can  be  traced  for  a  long  distance,  and  for  over  1000 
feet  shows  a  good  strong  vein  of  first-class  ore,  con- 
taining visible  gold  in  many  places.  The  walls 
and  gouge  show  a  true  fissure  formation,  and  the 
quartz  is  dark  blue  in  color.  This  is  undoubtedly 
one  of  the  most  important  discoveries  made  for 
some  time  in  this  region,  and  we  should  like  to  see 
the  property  opened  up  in  the  proper  way.  Still 
farther  up  the  Cunliffe  and  Driver  mines  are  lo- 
cated. These  mines  were  visited  recently  by  repre- 
sentatives of  Eastern  capital  with  a  view  to  pur- 
chasing, and  it  is  not  unlikely  that  a  transfer  may 
be  made  in  the  near  future.  All  these  properties 
are  situated  on  the  Indian  Creek  Ridge— which 
comprises  the  Indian  Creek  mining  district,  and  it 
has  sometimes  been  called  the  Bonanza  Ridge- 
commencing  with  the  old  Calaveras  mine  on  the 
extreme  eastern  limit,  and  ending  with  the  Esmer- 
alda group  of  mines  on  the  west.  Work  has  been 
resumed  on  the  Jesus  Lopez  mine.  A  tunnel  is 
to  be  run  directly  on  the  vein,  and  connection  made 
with  the  shaft  at  a  depth  of  about  200  feet. 

Rich  Prospect. — It  is  reported  that  at  the  Union 
Shaft  gravel  mine  on  Central  Hill,  one  day  last 
week,  from  4  pans  of  dirt  4  ounces  of  gold  was  ob- 
tained. This  is  a  splendid  showing,  and  if  correct 
would  warrant  the  idea  that   the  mine  is  a  bonanza. 

The  Utica  Mine. — There  are  no  new  develop- 
ments in  the  Utica  mine  relative  to  the   recovery   of 
the  bodies  buried  there.     Two  have  been  in  sight 
for  some  time,  but  cannot  yet  be  extricated. 
Inyo. 

The  Whale.  —  Inyo  Independent,  April  18: 
Such  is  the  appropriate  name  for  a  raining  claim  in 
Saline  valley,  located  by  J.  White  Smith,  Ambrose 
Smith,  J.  Welsh,  and  Arlie  Mairs.  The  claim  is 
located  near  the  base  of  Ubaheba  peaks,  about  11 
miles  east  of  the  works  of  Conn  &  Trudo.  The 
ledge  is  40  feet  wide  on  the  surface  and  this  large 
mass  of  ore  lies  exposed  for  a  comparatively  long 
distance.  The  vein  has  three  separate  streaks,  dif- 
fering from  each  other  in  color  and  general  char- 
acter. A  ton  of  ore  was  gathered,  one-third  of  it 
taken  from  each  of  the  streaks,  and  all  of  it  as  near- 
ly as  possible  of  average  quality  with  the  whole 
ledge.  The  ore  was  shipped  to  San  Francisco, 
worked,  and  yielded  as  follows:  Gold,  $34  per  ton; 
silver,  $6;  copper,  13^^  per  cent.  The  presumption 
is  that  all  the  gold  was  obtained  in  the  ore  from  one 
of  tbe  streaks;  and  if  this  be  true,  the  ore  of  that 
streak  contains  gold  to  the  amount  of  $t02  per  ton. 
It  is  certain  that  nearly  all  the  silver  was  contained 
in  another  of  tbe  streaks,  while  copper  is  more  or 
less  diffused  throuph  the  whole  mass,  but  chiefly  in 
the  third  streak.  From  this  third  streak  tons  of  ore 
can  be  taken  out  that  will  carry  40  per  cent  copper 
and  even  more.  The  locators  of  this  immense  ledge 
are  making  arrangements  for  its  development.  Tbe 
work  done  by  Conn  &  Trudo  in  developing  the 
borax  deposits  of  Saline  Valiey,  making  a  good  road 
and  otherwise  drawing  attention  to  that  region,  has 
led  to  a  closer  examination  of  the  country  for  other 
minerals, 

Maripoea. 

Whitlock's.— A^£tcj,  April  19:  Heisser  &  Pere- 
goy  made  another  cleanup  at  tbe  little  prospecting 
mill  on  Whitlock's  last  Saturday,  after  crushing  six 
tons  of  quariz  which  they  had  set  aside  as  refuse  ore, 
intending  to  work  it  when  they  might  have  better 
milling  facilities.  The  result  was  much  better  than 
they  had  anticipated,  the  ore  yielding  5  ounces  and 
S4,  or  $89  at  $17  an  ounce,  or  a  fraction  less  than 
S15  a  ton.  Some  piratical  thieves  made  a  descent 
on  the  ground-sluices  of  Jake  Teats  and  old  John 
Geary  about  two  weeks  ago,  and  rakf*d  in  nearly  all 
the  amalgam.  No  clue  has  yet  been  obtained  to 
the  identity  of  the  scoundrels.  It  is  pretty  rough, 
after  working  all  winter  in  all  sorts  of  weather,  to 
have  the  proceeds  of  their  labor  jayhawked  in  that 
style.  Both  men  are  old  pioneer  miners,  well  ad- 
vanced in  years.  Geary  is  nearly  70  years  of  age, 
has  a  family  and  is  a  cripple.  EUingham  &  Grove 
have  the  foundation  for  their  new  mill  ready  for  tbe 
mortar  beds.  The  machinery  is  being  hauled  to  the 
millsite. 

Nevada. 

Omaha.  —  Tidings,  April  19:  The  Omaha  is 
employing  over  100  men  on  day's  nay,  and  this  week 
the  hoisting  plant  on  the  Lone  Star  shaft  will  be 
started.  Notwithstanding  the  heavy  drafts  on  the 
company's  treasury  for  dead-work  and  improve- 
ments, a  very  respectable  surplus  is  on  hand.  The 
cave  in  the  Homeward  Bound  shaft  is  a  mean  one 
to  handle,  and  there  is  much  water  to  contend  with. 
The  Hartery  has  a  full  force  of  men  at  work  and 
the  mill  is  running  on  company  ore.  The  air  tun- 
nel has  not  yet  been  completed,  "blowers  "  supply- 
ing air  in  the  meantime.  The  Pittsburg  is  practi- 
cally clear  of  water  and  the  new  ore  cut  recently  is 
holding  out  most  encouragingly. 

Menlo  Mine.— 60?/i)«,  April  iS:  The  shaft  of 
the  Menlo  mine  is  being  retimbered  near  the  surface, 
as  the  old  timbers  have  been  found  decayed.  There 
has  been  a  cave  in  the  shaft  60  feet  from  the  surface 
which  will  take  a  short  time  to  get  through,  and 
then  there  will  be  no  further  impediment  to  clearing 
tbe  shaft  to  its  full  depth,  250  feet. 

A  Big  Pump.— A  i6-inch  plunger  pump  for  the 
North  Star  M.  Co.  has  just  been  cast  at  Nevada  Ciiy. 
The  castings  are  of  superior  quality.  In  all,  the 
pump  and  connections  will  weigh  about  seven  tons. 
It  will  be  several  months  before  the  pump  and  con- 
nections will  be  ready  for  delivery. 

Contracts.— Grass  Valley  Union.  April  17: 
Contracts  have  been  made  for  the  machinery  and 
lumber  for  the  pumping  and  hoisting  works  of  the 
Ben  Franklin  mine,  and  the  lumber  is  to  be  hauled 
to  the  mine  immediately.  The  machinery  purchased 
is  the  same  that  was  formerly  used  in  the  El  Capitan 
mine,  at  Town  Talk.  Contracts  have  also  been 
made  for  the  lumber  for  the  new  works  to  be  erected 
at  the  St.  John  mine,  and  the  hauling  of  the  same  is 
about  to  be  commenced. 

Ore  Shipments.— Eureka  Sentijiel,  April  19: 
Thirty  E.  &  P.  carloads  of  ore  left  the  raihroad 
depot  in  transit  to  Salt  Lake  during  the  week.  We 
learn  that  as  soon  as  the  New  York  Canyon  road  is 
opened,  hauling  from  the  Diamond,  Lord  Byron 
and  other  mines  in  that  locality  will  be  resumed. 
Placer. 

Shady  Run.— Cor,  Placer  Republican,  April  16: 
The  Blue  BIufF  mine  has  been  worked  for  several 
years  by  tbe  Wedgewood  Bros.  It  has  been  both 
a  hydraulic  and  drift  mine,  A  few  years  ago  it 
yielded  a  vast  amount  of  gold  in    large  nuggets, 


but  it  has  always  been  very  spotted.  Adjoining 
this  is  the  North  America.  This  also  paid  well  in 
years  gone  by.  H.  K.  Develey,  one  of  the  share- 
holders of  the  famous  Hidden  Treasure  at  Sunny 
South,  was  the  last  to  work  this  mine,  which  has 
always  been  drifted;  but  Mr.  Develey  is  confident 
that  it  would  pay  well  to  hydraulic.  The  Haub 
joins  the  North  America.  Conrad  Haub  is  the 
owner  of  this  mine.  Several  tunnels  have  been 
run  to  work  it,  but  all  too  high.  A  fey/  years  ago 
Mr.  Haub  started  a  tunnel,  lower  than  the  rest, 
which  he  has  been  driving  ahead  from  time  to  time 
as  bis  means  would  permit.  He  expects  the  tunnel 
will  be  about  1000  feet  in  length  when  completed. 
The  next  mine  is  the  Elite  Con.  Here  a  tunnel 
has  been  run  through  a  cement  formation  1100  feet, 
where  a  shaft  was  sunk  to  the  depth  of  158  feet, 
through  a  number  of  different  strata,  some  of  which 
were  cement,  sand,  pipe-clay,  lignite  and  gravel  to 
the  bedrock;  but  it  was  not  far  enough  in,  as  the 
bedrock  was  pitching  into  the  ridge.  This  work 
was  all  done  by  hand-power,  and  as  the  water  came 
in  so  fast  the  shaft  was  abandoned,  and  now  the 
company  propose  to  sink  an  incline  and  use  the 
same  kind  of  power  as  is  used  at  Towle  Bros.' 
pulp-mill  to  hoist  the  pulp  to  the  level  of  the  rail- 
road-track; that  is,  they  will  construct  a  tramway  in 
the  canyon  at  tbe  mouth  of  the  tunnel  where  a  car 
filled  with  water  will  bring  up  the  carload  of  dirt 
from  the  bottom  of  the  incline  at  the  back  of  the 
tunnel.  This  is  the  only  attempt  that  has  been 
made  to  develop  the  channel  which  is  supposed  to 
lie  under  the  lava  ridge  between  Canyon  creek  and 
Blue  Canyon.  Mr.  Ilarvey's  mine  has  been  worked 
with  the  hydraulic  process.  When  that  was 
stopped.  Mr.  Harvey  began  to  get  it  in  shape  to 
drift  and  was  getting  very  favorable  prospects,  but 
was  compelled  to  give  up  work  on  account  of  ill 
health.  Unless  all  indications  fafl,  this  mine  will 
be  worked  with  good  results.  About  the  latter 
part  of  October  last,  Mr.  Hoover  of  Alta  began  tbe 
construction  of  a  large  flume,  to  carry  water  from 
Blue  Canyon  to  what  is  known  as  the  Fannon 
mine,  situated  on  the  hillside  several  hundred  feet 
above  the  bed  of  the  canyon.  Mr.  Hoover  expects 
to  be  taking  out  pay  soon.  S.  Jordan  of  Dutch 
Flat  has  purchased  the  Hovey  quartz  mine  in  Blue 
Canyon,  and  will  commence  operations  soon. 
San  Diego. 
Stonewall. — Julian  Sentinel^  April  t8:  Waldo 
Waterman  was  in  town  yesterday.  He  says  the 
new  machinery  of  the  Stonewall  is  working  nicely, 
crushing  about  75  tons  of  ore  per  day.  He  inform- 
ed us  it  is  their  intention  to  prospect  several  new 
ledges  on  the  grant  this  sumtner.  The  contract  for 
sinking  a  shaft  on  one  has  already  been  let,  and  the 
work  commenced  to-day. 

Shasta. 
Reduction  Works  Destroyed.  —  Redding 
Free  Press,  April  16:  The  Redding  Reduction 
Works  were  totally  destroyed  by  fire  Wednesday 
nigbt.  Tbe  works  were  owned  by  Billy  Conant. 
W.  H.  Fowler,  the  mining  expert,  estimates  the  loss 
of  machinery  at  about  $13,000.  Mr.  Fowler  took 
charge  of  the  plant  several  weeks  ago,  and  since  has 
expended  not  less  than  $1000  in  repairs  and  addi- 
tions. Everything  was  complete  to  the  smallest  de 
tail,  and  it  was  the  intention  to  start  up  full  blast 
next  Monday.  The  works  were  insured  for  $3500. 
Tbe  most  possible  theory  is  that  the  building  was 
deliberately  set  fire  by  an  incendiary. 

Nugget. — There  is  on  exhibition  at  the  Bank  of 
Shasta  county  a  $500  quartz  gold  nugget.  It  was 
brought  to  town  last  Monday  by  parties  who  are  not 
prepared  to  have  their  names  published  at  present. 
It  is  said  that  the  same  parties  have  another  nugget 
in  their  possession  that  weighs  17  ounces.  If  they 
have  a  ledge  of  the  same  sort  of  stuff  it  is  the  rich- 
est mine  on  earth.  There  will  be  a  rush  of  pros- 
pectors to  the  spot  when  the  location  of  the  find  is 
made  known. 

New  Companies. — Four  new  companies  are 
operating  in  the  mines  of  Shasta  county  this  year — 
the  Chicago  Co.  at  Muletown,  one  at  Whiskytown, 
one  on  Grizzly  gulch  and  another  in  the  Old  Dig- 
gings district. 

Calumet. — Dr.  Garllch  of  the  Calumet  mine 
has  returned  from  Ohio.  Also  A.  B.  Paul  from  S. 
F.  Work  on  tbe  mill  and  mine  will  be  resumed. 
The  Spring  creek  ditch  will  be  repaired,  new  flume 
erected,  and  general  repairs  made  from  the  ravages 
of  winter. 

Dry  Process  —Four  gentlemen  from  Chicago 
are  putting  in  a  patent  dry  process  sulohurets-work- 
ing  plant  at  Middle  Creek  station.  It  is  said  they 
have  made  a  success  of  their  patent  process  in  the 
Rocky  mountain  mining  fields,  and  concluded, 
after  a  survey  of  the  field,  that  Shasta  county  was 
the  most  promising  district  on  the  coast  in  which 
for  them  to  operate.  Their  machinery  has  been 
shipped  from  the  East. 

Whiskytown. — Cor.  Shasta  Courier,  April  19: 
The  new  camp  being  opened  up  here  is  located  on 
the  divide  between  Spring  and  Whisky  creeks, 
south  of  Iron  Mountain.  There  has  been  a  num- 
ber of  locations  made,  and  for  the  amount  of  work 
done,  shows  as  well  as  anything  in  the  county. 
The  Iber  Bros,  are  sinking  a  shaft  on  an  8-foot 
ledge.  They  are  down  50  feet,  and  it  prospects 
well  from  top  to  bottom,  and  carries  heavy  clay 
gouge.  It  shows  for  a  great  mine.  Meed  &  Will- 
iams are  sinking  on  another  large  ledge  and  are 
down  40  feet  in  good  ore  all  the  way.  and  it  shows 
fine.  Small  &  Lyman  have  two  locations.  They 
are  prospecting,  and  have  on  one  ledge  a  pay  chute 
they  have  crosscut  on  the  surface  in  several  places 
a  distance  of  goo  feet.  In  no  place  does  it  carry 
less  than  $5  per  ton  in  free  gold,  and  from  that  into 
the  hundred?,  and  has  an  average  width  of  three 
feet.  This  is  the  best  showing  for  the  amount  of 
work  done  I  have  ever  seen  in  the  county.  This  is 
a  good  field  and  will  no  doubt  prove  one  of  the 
noted  mining  camps  of  the  county. 

Ikon  Mountain.  — Col.  Magee  and  Charles 
Camden  went  up  to  Iron  Mountain  this  week  on  a 
visit  of  inspection  to  the  mine  and  works  there.  A 
force  of  laborers  has  been  at  work  for  some  time 
putting  everything  in  order  that  was  demoralized 
by  the  winter  storms,  and  the  mill  will  be  put  in 
operation  next  week. 

Sonozua. 
Coal  Indications.- Santa  Rosa  Republican, 
April  16:  T.  J.  Brown  of  Bennett  Valley  brought  to 
town  this  morning  some  fine  specimens  of  lignite 
found  in  Bennett  Valley  creek  on  the  place  of  A. 
Benjamin.  The  specimen  found  in  the  creek  is  a 
pine  log  12  feet  long  and  4  f'^et  in  thickness,  almost 


a  pure  lignite  and  strongly  impregnated  with  gas. 
The  supposition  is  that  it  is  afloat  from  tbe  Sonoma 
mountains  on  the  north  side,  where  a  large  body  of 
pine  timber  is  located,  and  is  a  continuation  of  the 
coal  vein  that  has  cropped  out  on  the  west  side  of 
the  mountain  on  the  lands  of  Thos.  Hopper  and  F. 
Lacque. 

NEVADA. 

^^ashoe  District. 

Overman.— Virginia  Enterprise^  April  19:  The 
stopes  on  the  1200  level  are  yielding  about  200  tons 
of  ore  a  week.  This  averages  about  $18  a  ton.  A 
fair  proportion  of  prospecting  is  being  done. 

Justice.- The  north  drift,  622  level,  is  passing 
into  quartz  that  carries  some  metal.  The  mine  is 
yielding  about  200  tons  of  ore  a  week,  the  average 
assay  of  which  is  over  $26. 

Seg.  Belcher. — All  prospecting  work  going  on 
as  usual. 

Chollar. — The  east  crosscut,  80  feet  south  of 
north  line,  750  level,  is  out  216  feet;  face  in  por- 
phyry. The  east  crosscut,  80  feet  south  of  north 
line,^85o  level,  is  out  125  feet;  face  in  porphyry. 

PoTOSi.— The  east  crosscut,  300  feet  south  of 
north  hne,  850  level,  is  out  196  feet;  face  in  porphyry 
with  streaks  of  quartz  which  give  good  assays.  East 
crosscut  400  feet  south  of  north  line  850  level  is  out 
178  feet;  face  in  porphyry.  The  winze  below  the 
930  level  is  down  52  feet;  the  bottom  is  showing 
stringers  of  ore  of  good  grade.  The  raise  above  the 
930  level  is  up  99  feet;  the  roof  is  in  quartz  giving 
assays  of  from  $20  to  $45  a  ton. 

Con.  Imperial.— No.  i  crosscut  on  the  500 
level  is  advancing  in  a  promising  formation,  which 
consists  mainly  of  porphyry  and  quartz. 

Crown  Point.— Work  on  the  old  west  crosscut 
on  the  500  level  is  making  good  progress.  Tbe  300 
winze  is  down  22  feet.  The  bottom  is  in  good  ore. 
The  north  drift  from  the  350  level  stope  to  connect 
with  it  is  completed.  Shipped  to  the  mill  during 
the  week  over  750  tons  of  ore,  the  average  battery 
samples  of  which  will  be  about  the  same  as  last 
week. 

Savage.— On  the  300  level  the  south  and  north 
lateral  drifts  are  advanced  respectively  169  and  94 
feet.  Are  extracting  ore  from  tbe  400,  500,  600  and 
750  levels,  and  are  running  prospecting  drifts  on 
each  of  these  levels.  During  the  wecK  have  milled 
over  450  tons  of  ore  of  the  average  value,  as  per  bat- 
tery samples,  of  about  $22  per  ton. 

Belcher. — The  200  south  drift  from  the  west 
crosscut  is  out  190  feet,  having  been  extended  15 
feet  during  the  week.  The  face  is  in  low-grade 
quartz.  The  300  west  crosscut.is  out  72  feet.  The 
face  is  all  in  quartz  showing  spots  of  pay  ore.  The 
600  south  lateral  drift  is  out  232  feet,  having  been 
advanced  15  feet  since  last  report.  The  800  joint 
crosscut  is  out  333  feet,  and  the  face  is  in  hard  por- 
phyry. 

Alpha. — On  the  500  level  the  west  crosscut  con- 
tinues in  hard  porphyry.  On  the  600  level  the  south 
lateral  drift  is  still  in  soft  porphyry  that  carries  many 
stringers  of  quartz. 

Exchequer.— On  the  500  level  the  east  crosscut 
is  still  advancing  in  porphyry.  On  the  600  level  the 
north  lateral  drift  is  in  a  favorable  mixture  of  quartz 
and  porphyry.  I 

Hale  &  Norcross.— About  the  usual  amount 
of  ore  is  being  extracted  from  the  ore-producing 
sections,  the  average  assay  of  which  is  about  $20 
a  ton.  A  good  deal  of  prospecting  work  is  being 
done  on  tbe  500  level.  The  repair  work  and  re- 
timbering  of  old  drifts  required  to  be  reopened  will 
soon  be  completed. 

New  York  Con. — The  exploration  work  in  this 
mine  is  being  prosecuted  on  the  650.  800  and  950 
levels.  On  the  last-mentioned  level  the  south  drift 
is  passing  into  quartz  that  yields  promising  assays. 
Tbe  formation  on  the  levels  above  is  soft  and  fa- 
vorable. 

Ward  Combination  Shaft.— On  the  1800 
level  the  east  drift  is  being  steadily  advanced  in  a 
porphyry  formation. 

Scorpion.— The  southwest  drift  on  the  630  level 
continues  in  porphyry. 

Utah.— Good  headway  is  making,  in  the  work 
of  cutting  out  a  station  on  the  northwest  side  of 
the  shaft  station  at  the  725  level. 

Best  &  Belcher.— On  the  1000  level,  east  cross- 
cut No.  I  has  been  extended  15  feet;  total  length, 
342  feet.  Formation,  hard  porphyry.  On  the 
1200  level  the  north  drift  has  been  cleaned  out  and 
repaired  28  feet;  total  distance,  378  feet. 

Gould  &  Curry. — On  the  200  level  west  cross- 
cut No.  2  has  been  extended  16  feet;  total  length, 
150  feet.  Formation,  hard  porphyry.  On  the  400 
level  west  crosscut  No.  2  has  been  extended  25 
feet;  total  length,  583  feet.  Formation,  soft  por- 
phyry. 

Con.  Cal.  &  Virginia.— About  the  usual  quan- 
tity of  ore  is  being  taken  from  the  1300,  1433,  1500 
and  1600  levels.  No.  3  crosscut  on  the  1433  level 
is  in  a  mixture  of  quartz  and  porphyry  giving  low 
assays.  On  the  1650  the  south  drift  from  the  main 
west  drift  from  the  C.  &  C.  shaft  is  in  good  ore. 
Good  ore  is  also  being  sloped  from  No.  8  raise  on 
the  1630  level.  Tbe  usual  shipments  are  being 
made  to  the  river  mills,  and  the  average  of  the  bat- 
tery assays  will  be  about  the  same  as  last  week. 

Andes. — During  the  p^st  week  drift  on  the  420 
level  advanced  80  feet.  Formation,  porphyry  and 
clay  with  stringers  of  quartz.  Repairs  on  350  level 
will  soon  be  completed. 

Occidental  Con.— The  mine  is  looking  very 
well,  and  ore  is  regularly  extracted  from  all  the 
stopes  on  the  400  and  450  levels.  The  crosscut  on 
the  350  level  continues  in  soft  porphyry  and  clay. 
A  south  drift  on  this  level  is  developing  a  consider- 
able amount  of  low-grade  ore.  The  south  drift 
from  the  north  line  on  tbe  450  level  is  still  yielding 
high-grade  ore. 

Sierra  Nevada. — The  southwest  drift  on  tbe 
630  level  is  still  in  a  porphyry  formation. 

Union  Con.— No.  i  east  crosscut  on  the  1465 
level  continues  in  bard  porphyry, 

Mexican. — The  crosscuts  on  the  1463  level  are 
in  a  porphyry  formation  that  shows  some  small 
stringers  of  quartz. 

Ophir. — In  following  the  ore  streaks  found  on 
the  1300  level  some  good  milling  ore  has  been  en- 
countered. The  mine  is  now  yielding  nearly  200 
tons  a  week. 

Confidence  and  Challenge  Con.— All  pros- 
pecting  work    making   favorable  progress,    and  in 
places  some  low-grade  ore  has  been  met  with. 
Alta. — Work  is  progressing  on   the  823,  923  and 


April  26,  1890.J 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


283 


1040  levels.  The  prospecting  drifts  are  nearly  all 
being  advanced  in  favorabit;  material,  and  in  one  or 
two  Tow-grade  ore  is  being  developed.  The  mill  is 
kept  running  steadily  to  its  full  capacity  of  45  tons 
a  day.  The  average  value  of  the  ore  worked  re- 
mains about  $20. 

Yellow  Jacket, — The  ore-producing  sections 
coDtioue  to  look  well,  and  prospecting  work  is  .kept 
up.  The  ore  shipments  average  about  65  tons  a 
day. 

Silver  Hill, — Exploring  work  is  in  progress  on 
the  160,  260  and  400  levels.  The  prospecting  drifts 
are  in  a  favorable  formation  of  clay  and  porphyry. 
In  this  soft  material  ore  is  liable  to  form. 

Columbus  Dlatrlct. 

Mt.  Diablo. — Inyo  J^fgiiUr.  April  19:  The 
Mt.  Diablo  at  Candelaria  is  working  30  tons  and 
upward  of  ore  per  pay  in  the  lo-sianip  mill  at 
i»oda.  For  a  time  it  is  claimed  itie  mill  has  worked 
36  tons  daily.  About  60  or  70  men  are  at  work  in 
ihe  mine.  The  Belleville  mills  are  not  being  re- 
futed; on  the  contrary  the  upper  mill  is  being  dis- 
mantled, ;ind  many  of  its  timbers  will  be  put  into  the 
Holmes.  The  lower  mill  may  in  future  be  called  ioio 
service  again,  but  certainty  will  not  be  very  soon. 
Flowery  District. 

Lead  Ore  for  Smelters.— Virginia  Enterprise, 
April  18:  There  are  thousands  on  thousands  of 
tons  of  lead  ore  in  the  old  North  Bonanza  mine  in 
Flowery  district.  In  that  mine  may  be  found  veins 
of  soUd  metal  20  to  30  feel  thick.  The  galena  con- 
tains a  small  amount  of  the  precious  metals,  almost 
enough  to  pay  for  working,  li  would  seem  that  it 
would  be  just  what  is  wanted  for  mi.xing  with  dry 
ores,  but  we  here  do  not  pretend  to  know  much 
about  smelting.  The  mine  has  for  years  lain  idle. 
We  are  of  the  opinion  that  it  would  pay  some  of  the 
furnace  men  of  Salt  Lake  to  take  a  look  at  this  bo- 
nanza of  galena. 

Tuscarora  District. 

Nevada  Queen.  —  Timts-Rciiciv,  April  18: 
North  gangway  from  600-faoi  level  of  North  Belle 
Isle  has  been  advanced  21  feet. 

North  Belle  Isle. — The  concentrator  will  be 
started  as  soon  as  feed  can  be  got  in  to  run  the 
teams.  The  slopes  above  the  300  continue  to  look 
about  the  same. 

Navajo. — The  east  crosscut  from  the  end  of  the 
south,  150-foot  level,  extended  eight  feet  and  sus- 
pended, and  work  resumed  in  the  opposite  crosscut. 

Belle  Isle. — North  drift  from  the  crosscut  near 
the  Navajo  line,  25o-foot  level,  extended  five  feet; 
face  is  all  in  vein  showing  some  low-grade  ore. 
South  drift  from  the  crosscut  from  the  350-foot  level, 
extended  eight  feet;  the  vein  is  strong  and  shows 
some  good  ore. 

Grand  Prize. — 500-foot  level — West  drift  from 
north  crosscut  extended  seven  feet;  east  drift  on 
north  vein  extended  21  feet,  and  west  drift  20  feet. 
Faces  of  both  drifts  show  a  strong  vein,  with  streaks 
of  ore  through  it.  On  the  400-foot  level  have  start- 
ed an  east  drift  on  north  vein  to  explore  the  upward 
continuation  of  this  ore  from  the  500-loot  level. 

Del  Monte. — First  level — North  gangway  has 
been  extendtd  15  feet  and  No.  3  crosscut  started 
east  in  the  vein.  North  drift  from  joint  crosscut 
advanced  12  feet,  seams  of  ore  in  the  face. 

North  Commonwealth. — First  level — No.  2 
east  crosscut  extended  16  feet,  in  vein  formation. 
East  drift  from  top  of  raise  is  in  16  feet;  2  feet  of 
ore. 

Commonwealth. — Fourth  level— East  crosscut 
from  north  gangway  extended  14  feet,  cutting  into 
a  vein  of  quartz  four  feet,  assaying  from  $2  to  $8  per 
ton.  Upraise  from  south  gangway  up  19  feet;  does 
not  show  so  well  as  last  reported.  Concentrator 
running  regularly;  crushed  during  the  week  530 
tons,  $16.45  per  ton, 

ARIZONA. 

Bradshaw  Mountains. — Journal-Miner,  April 
14:  S.  J.  Hodgdon  left  to-day  for  the  Bradshaw 
mountains,  to  work  on  the  Roanoke,  Alice  and 
Pearl  claims.  F.  G.  Goodwin  brought  in  a  bottle 
of  gold-dust  to-day  which  he  bought  from  placer 
miners  along  the  Hassayampa.  A.  J.  Rubert  came 
in  from  Skull  valley  last  evening,  where  he  is  engaged 
in  putting  up  his  Huntington  mill.  He  expects  to 
be  able  to  start  up  soon.  Frank  Fenton  has  recent- 
ly discovered  a  ledge  near  Goodwin's  station  at 
Willow  creek,  from  which  he  has  had  assays  in  sil- 
ver of  from  $500  to  $600  per  ton.  W.  H.  Harlan, 
of  the  Howard  mine,  brought  in  a  52-ounce  bar  of 
ffold  yesterday,  which  he  shipped  to  the  mint  at  S. 
F.  The  mill  is  running  successfully.  The  Trinidad 
&  Castle  Creek  Co.  has  executed  a  deed  of  trust  to 
H.  J.  Alexander  for  all  the  mines  owned  by  the 
company  in  Yavapai  county,  for  $11,612.10.  The 
Del  Pasco  mill  has  been  thoroughly  overhauled  and 
repaired,  and  will  start  up  in  a  few  days  for  the 
summer,  there  being  plenty  of  ore  and  water  to  keep 
it  in  operation  without  stopping.  The  Mocking- 
bird mill  has  been  closed  temporarily,  on  account  of 
not  being  able  to  get  the  ore  packed  in  rapidly 
enough  to  keep  the  mill  in  operation.  A  wagon 
road  will  be  built  and  freight  teams  employed  to 
transport  the  ore.  Sheriff  O'Neill  yesterday  receiv- 
ed a  letter  from  his  deputy,  J.  L.  Black,  of  Flagstaff, 
saying  that  another  party  had  just  returned  from  the 
Grand  Canyon  with  specimens  of  mineral  that  were 
richer  than  anything  previously  discovered.  The 
excitement  continues  greater  than  ever. 

Stockton  Hill.— Cor.  Mohave  Times,  April 
19:  In  this,  and  the  camps  immediately  surround- 
ing, mining  matters  are  in  an  active  state  and  a 
great  many  miners  are  employed,  while  a  good 
many  chloriders  report  prosperity.  At  the  Night 
Hawk  is  employed  a  larger  force  than  ever  before, 
and  this  famous  producer  of  rich  ore  is  holding  its 
reputation  at  the  front. 

The  Big  Bethel.— The  Mulligans,  Tom  and 
Jim,  have  a  veritable  bonanza  in  this  claim,  situ- 
ated on  the  divide  between  Todd  and  Union  Ba- 
sins. The  ledge  is  more  than  40  feet  in  width,  and 
will  average  $20  per  ton  across  the  face,  while  the  tun- 
nel is  driven  to  the  hanging-wall  and  is  carrying 
an  18  to  24  inch  streak  of  sulphurets  which,  on 
assorting,  will  average  about  200  ounces  silver  per 
ton.  . 

DAKOTA. 

Rich  Ore. — Deadwood  Pioneer,  April  18:  A 
strike  of  exceptionally  good  free  milling  ore  was 
made  in  the  Big  Missouri  just  before  shifts  changed 
Saturday  night.    The  day  shift  broke  through  the 


wall  and  uncovered  rock  that  fairly  glistens  with 
free  gold. 

Float.  —  The  Golden  Reward  Mining  Co.  is 
working  three  shifts  in  its  Bald  Mountain  mines. 
The  property  looks  exceedingly  well. 

OOLOaADO. 

Leadville.  — //i-r-j/y-Dcvncrr.j/,  April  17:  Oper- 
ations on  the  southwest  side  of  Carbonate  Hill  are 
beginning  to  extend  themselves  to  a  much  greater 
extent  than  has  been  the  case  for  a  long  time. 
Practically  these  mines  have  been  shut  down  for  a 
number  ot  years,  but  on  many  of  them  a  consider- 
able amount  of  work  has  been  projected  for  the 
spring  opening,  and  in  several  instances  work  has 
already  commenced,  notably  on  ihe  .Ktna,  Carbon- 
ate, and  Yankee  Doodle.  The  new  strike  on  the 
former  made  by  Mr.  Thompson,  at  a  comparatively 
shallow  depth,  is  looking  much  better  to-day  than 
when  first  struck.  At  the  time  of  our  visit  some 
very  excellent  chloride  ore  was  being  hoisted,  and  a 
small  lot  of  much  better  looking  dry  siiicious  ore 
carrying  sulphurets  was  in  the  bins.  At  present  the 
pay  streak  is  in  the  neighborhood  of  two  feet  in 
thickness,  though  in  the  northeast  drift  it  seems  to 
be  widening.  On  the  Carbonate,  just  across  the 
line,  the  Thrall  partners  will,  in  all  probability,  have 
to  sink  their  shait  deeper  in  order  to  fully  develop 
that  ground,  as  the  dip  is  considerable  in  that  direc- 
tion. On  the  Yankee  Doodle  incline  some  of  the 
men  who  formerly  worked  (here  are  doing  fairly  well, 
working  under  tribute  to  the  company,  and  are  now 
engaged  in  culling  out  the  road  in  order  to  resume 
shipments  from  that  point.  Some  little  prospecting 
is  also  going  on  in  the  old  Shamrock  incline,  though 
with  but  httle  encouragement  so  far. 

LOWER    CALIFORNIA. 

Nuggets  and  Dust. — San  Diegan,  April  16: 
More  nuggets  and  gold-dust  from  the  Alamo  mining 
district  came  in  this  morning  by  the  st^am-^r  from 
Ensenada.  Some  of  the  precious  metal  as  usual 
found  its  way  to  the  banks.  The  First  National 
bought  ba:s  worth  $500  and  about  $300  worth  of 
loose  gold.  The  CaUfornia  National  Bank  bought 
some  15  ounces. 

MONTANA. 

The  Southern  Cross.  —  Anaconda  Reinew, 
April  17:  This  mine,  as  at  present  developed,  shows 
an  immense  body  of  ore  of  lair  grade.  The  opera- 
tion of  the  Cameron  mill,  however,  has  not  proved 
quite  satisfactory,  and  the  company  proposes  to 
erect  a  large  mill  near  the  mine. 

Champion. — As  the  result  of  its  first  nine-days' 
run,  the  Champion  mill  has  exhibited  in  Deer  Lodge 
two  silver  bricks  estimated  at  $26,000  in  value. 
The  ore  worked  was  of  low  grade  and  better  results 
are  now  looked  for  from  the  higher  grade  ore. 

The  Silver  Crown. — In  this  mine  a  strike  of 
rich  ore  is  reported.  Assays  give  134  ounces  of  sil- 
ver and  $5  in  gold  per  ton.  This  mine,  with  its 
neighbors,  the  Champion  and  the  Ruby,  promises  to 
give  the  new  town  01  Champion  an  enviable  reputa- 
tion. 

Willow  SPRiNGS.—Several  tons  of  ore  from  the 
Lula  mine  in  Willow  Springs  district,  Jefferson 
county,  have  been  received  at  the  samp- 
hng  works  in  this  city  for  trial.  The  Ida 
mine,  in  the  same  district,  has  made  a  ship- 
ment of  ore  to  the  Helena  smelter  for  treatment, 
and  other  shipments  will  follow  from  this  property. 
In  the  latter  mine  there  is  reported  to  be  at  the  pres- 
ent time  not  less  than  $10,000  worth  of  ore  in  sight, 
and  the  Ida  gives  every  indication  of  proving  a  large 
and  regular  ore-producer.  Located  high  up  in  the 
Little  Belt  mountains,  near  the  base  of  Yogo  Baldy, 
is  a  large  copper-gold  bearing  lode  which  is  liable  to 
astonish  the  natives  when  it  is  opened  up,  the  work- 
ing of  which  will  be  commenced  shortly  by  the  Nei- 
hart  company,  which  owns  this  and  several  oth- 
er mines  located  in  Yogo,  Neihart  and  Barker 
districts.  The  ledge  in  question  is  said  to  be  per- 
fectly defined  and  shows  about  60  feet  of  ore  on  the 
surface,  assays  from  which  show  as  high  as  65  per 
cent  copper  and  $12  in  gold.  A  tunnel  will  be  run 
to  tap  the  vein  at  a  depth  of  250  feet. 

IDAHO. 

Sale. — Cballis  Messenger,  April  19:  The  Silver 
Creek  mine,  Bayhorse  mining  district,  has  been  sold 
by  E.  E.  Dunphy,  Bayhorse,  to  Geo,  Newbauer  and 
Erhart  Gramp,  of  the  same  place,  for  the  sum  of 
$100,000; 

NEW  MEXICO. 

Zinc  Mines  Sold  and  Bonded.— Silver  City 
Sentinel,  April  17:  On  Friday  last  M.  W.  Neff  sold 
to  John  Brockman  of  the  Silver  City  National 
Bank,  the  valuable  property  known  as  the  Neff  zinc 
mine,  located  in  the  Hanover  district  in  this  county. 
The  consideration  is  private,  but  it  is  believed  to  be 
quite  large.  On  the  same  day  Peter  Mangall  bond- 
ed the  Mangall  &  Black  zinc  mine,  also  located  in 
the  Hanover  district,  to  the  same  gentleman.  This 
places  Mr.  Brockman  in  the  possession  of  all  the 
developed  zinc  mines  in  this  county.  It  is  under- 
stood that  in  bonding  and  purchasing  these  prop- 
erties he  is  acting  as  the  agent  of  a  company  of  Il- 
linois capitalists,  who  intend  to  commence  active 
mining  and  shipping  operations  at  once. 

UTAH. 

Another  Mining  Deal.— Eureka  Chief,  April 
18;  T,  P.  Murray,  the  Salt  Lake  mining  broker, 
secured  a  lease  and  bond  Friday  on  Capt.  Hugo 
Depreziu  and  Pat  Donnelly's  group  of  claims  ad- 
joining the  big  Bullion-Beck,  Eureka  Hill  and  Blue 
Rock  mines.  The  claims  consist  of  the  Solid  Mul- 
doon.  Silver  Glance,  Ontario,  Mary  L.,  Belcher, 
Deprezin  Lode,  Comstock,  Golden  Eagle  and  the 
Mary  L.  Millsite,  The  lease  is  for  six  months.  Mr. 
Murray  stated  to  a  Chief  reporter  that  he  will  com- 
mence work  on  these  claims  at  once,  with  two  shifts 
of  men,  night  and  day.  Capt.  Deprezin  is  retained 
as  manager. 

Prospecting  has  begun  in  earnest  and  the 
mountains  and  gulches  are  full  of  men  with  burro 
and  pick  in  search  of  good-looking  croppings.  The 
number  is  being  augmented  every  day  by  new-com- 
ers who  have  but  recently  heard  of  the  wonderful 
richness  of  Tintic  mining  district. 


List  of  U.  S.  Patents  for  Pacific  Coast 
Inventors. 

Reported  by  Dewey  &  Co.,  Pioneer  Patent 
Solicitors  for  Pacific  Ooaet. 

FOR  WEEK  ENDING  APRIL  15,    1890. 

425  734.— Sheave— W.  H.  Birch,  S.  F. 

425.733.— Ore  Feeder— C.  B.  Bmgham,  Vol- 
cano, Cal. 

425,740.  —  Automatic  Fire-Lighter — H.  W. 
Borcht-rs,  Portland,  Or. 

425.767.~Electric  Railway — T.  A,  Evans, 
S.  F. 

425,773' —  Hose  Coupling— Robt.  Franken, 
Pomona.  CaL 

42^,776  —  Packing  for  Stoffing-Boxes  — 
Getche-1  ^^  French,  Oakland,  Cal. 

425.423  — Buggy-Seat  Protector — J.  O.  Ha- 
maker,  Bonanza,  Or. 

425  671.— Stump- Puller —  Geo.  Harvey,  For- 
resiville.  Cal. 

425.675.  —  Coating  Metal  Pipes  —  J.  D. 
Hooker.  Los  Angeles,  CaK 

425,887. —  Baseball  Glove  —  G.  C.  Kohler, 
S.  F. 

425.816. -- Tray  for  Drying  Fruit— S.  A. 
Moulton,  Campbell,  Cal. 

425,907.— Railkoad-Tracic  Laying  Machine 
—  Gfo.  f^obeiis,  Eilensburg,  Wash. 

425,829.  — Railroad-Track  Laving  Machine 
—Geo.  Roberts,  Tacoma,  Wash. 

425.831. — Ventilating  Outlet  for  Refrig- 
erators— L.  Schaffer,  Oakland,  Cal. 

The  following  brief  list  by  telegraph,  for  April  23,  will 
appear  more  complete  on  receipt  of  mail  advices: 

Calif  irnia — Rogalie  V.  Baraco,  FreBiio,  cloaet  attach- 
meut;  Elswood  Chaffey,  Sanla  Monica,  wave  motor;  Lee 
D.  Craig,  8.  F.,  ore-feeder;  Jessie  C.  Greenlijw,  Ptpper- 
wood,  fruit-picking  staud;  William  \V.  Hittlicock,  Los 
Anticeies,  key-faateoer;  alao  hytiodermic  syringe;  William 
P.  King,  Los  Angeles,  Hoor-tightener;  A.  Mayer,  Pasa- 
dena, two  for  automatio  flu  h  tanks;  Alexander  McDon- 
ald, Franklin,  sack  fastener;  John  A.  Pat'cn,  San  Dieyo, 
retaining  device  for  overshoes;  Silas  F.  Woodworlh, 
Clipper  Gap,  sheet-metal  (oldiog  machine. 

NOTB.— Copies  of  U.  S.  and  Foreign  patents  furnished 
by  Dewey  &.  Co.,  in  the  shortest  time  possible  (by  mall 
or  telegraphic  order).  American  and  Foreign  patents 
obtained,  and  general  patent  business  for  Pacifio  Coast 
Inventors  transacted  with  perfect  security,  at  reasonable 
rates,  and  in  the  acortest  i^ossible  time. 


Notices  of  Recent  Patents. 

Among  the  patents  recently  obtained  through 
Dewey  &  Co.'s  Scientific  Press  U.  S.  and 
Foreign  Patent  Apfency,  the  following  are 
wortky  of  special  mention: 

Marker,  Cutter  and  Polisher  for  Plastic 
Stone-Work.— Eliza  K.  Smith,  S.  F.  No. 
425,110.  Dated  April  8,  1890.  This  invention 
relates  to  a  device  for  marking,  cutting  and 
polishing  the  surface  of  artificial  stone  or  oon- 
Crete,  and  is  especially  adapted  to  laying  arti-- 
fioial'Stone  pavements  or  etdewalka  where  the 
central  portion  of  the  stone  block  is  required  to  be 
roughened,  while  a  smooth  and  polished  surface 
surrounds  this  roughened  portion,  and  grooves 
or  channels  are  marked  in  this  polished  portion, 
which  form  the  separating  lines  between  the 
blocks  of  stone,  or  in  some  cases  simply  for 
ornamentation.  It  consists  of  a  metal  plate 
having  a  surface  or  surfaces  corresponding  in 
width  to  the  portion  to  be  polished,  and  inter- 
mediate projecting  ridges  which  serve  to  form 
the  marks  or  divisions  on  the  surface  of  the 
stone.  So  great  is  the  advantage  of  having 
the  implement  with  two  or  more  projecting 
ridges  and  the  polishing  surfaces  hetween  them 
combined  together,  thao  it  is  claimed  a  workman 
will  lay  fully  one-third  more  pavement  (every- 
thing else  being  fqual)  with  such  an  implement 
than  he  can  lay  wich  an  equal  amount  of  time 
and  labor  if  he  uses  implements  which  contain 
but  one  of  the  projecting  ridges  for  making  the 
depressions  and  emootb  spaces  mentioned. 

Sprinkler — Joseph  Oswald,  S.  F,,  assignor 
to  Harris,  Oawald  &  Noble.  No.  425,340. 
Dated  April  S,  1890.  la  the  manufacture  of 
lawn-sprinklers  of  that  class  having  a  vertical 
standard  and  a  rotary  head  with  arms,  upon 
one  side  of  whioh  jet-holes  are  made  for  the 
escape  of  the  water,  so  as  to  give  the  sleeve  a 
centrifugal  rotary  motion,  various  methods  have 
been  employed  to  provide  an  easily  running 
head,  and  at  the  same  time  to  prevent  or  com- 
pensate for  wear  which  may  take  place.  This 
improvement  in  lawn  sprinklers  consists  essen- 
tially of  a  hollow  standard  through  which 
water  is  conveyed,  a  slightly  tapering  or  in- 
verted conical  head  fitted  to  the  upper  end  of 
said  standard,  the  upper  and  larger  end  termi- 
nating in  a  shoulder  against  which  a  corre- 
spondingly shaped  sleeve  abuts,  said  sleeve 
carrying  the  arms  by  which centrifngal  rotation 
is  produced,  and  being  held  In  place  by  a  nut 
which  screws  upon  the  lower  part  of  the  head 
and  by  which  adjustment  may  be  made.  By 
means  of  this  nut  the  sleeve  may  be  raised  or 
depressed  so  aa  to  change  its  fit  npon  the  head. 
A  close  joint  may  always  be  kept. 

Packing  for  Stuffing  Boxes. — W.  S.  Get- 
chell,  San  Jose,  and  Robert  B.  French,  Oakland. 
No.  425.776.  Dated  April  15,  1S90.  This  in- 
vention relates  to  that  class  of  packing  for 
stuffing-boxes  of  all  kinds  in  which  oontractible 
metal  rings  are  employed  and  from  which 
the  usual  term  of  "  metal  packing  "  is  derived. 
In  this  invention  the  rings  and  parts  are  com- 
pressed between  a  gland  on  one  side  and  a 
spring  on  the  other  so  that  the  tighter  the 
gland  is  set  up  the  greater  the  compression  of 
the  several  parts.  The  oontractible  rings  are 
compressed  between  the  conical  seats  in  which 
they  fit,  and  this  compression  upon  their 
periphery  oaases  them  to  contract  and  thereby 


bind  perfectly  upon  the  working  rod.  There  ia 
no  need  of  any  encircling  elastic  or  compressi- 
ble material  or  band  to  cause  the  metallio  riuga 
to  contract  on  the  rod,  as  their  conical  seats  ef- 
fect this  purpose  with  absolute  accuracy. 

Reversible  Window  Sash.— Ernest  L.  Rs- 
guin,  Sacramento,  and  Thos.  J.  Kingston,  S.  F. 
No.  425.146.  Dited  April  8,  1890.  This  in. 
vention  relates  to  that  class  of  window-sashes 
which  are  pivoted  by  their  stiles  to  the  casing, 
whereby  they  are  adapted  to  be  reversed  in  or- 
der to  allow  the  outside  of  the  glass  to  be 
reached  and  cleaned  with  convenience.  The 
invention  consists  in  the  novel  construction  and 
arrangement  of  the  sash-frame,  the  means  for 
turning  the  sash  and  locking  it  in  position  when 
turned,  the  means  for  tightening  it,  and  other 
details  of  constraotion. 

Tray  for  Drying  Fruit.— S.  A.  Monlton, 
Campbell,  Santa  Clara  Oo.  Dated  April  15,  1890. 
The  points  of  novelty  lie  in  the  bearing  pieces  and 
the  end  pieces  which  are  so  arranged  that  when 
the  trays  are  piled,  free  ventilation  is  pro- 
vided for  the  entire  tray-pile  in  all  directions. 
The  bearing  pieces  raise  the  tray  bottoms  off 
the  ground  so  that  when  the  trays  are  severally 
taken  up  to  pile  them,  no  dirt  or  gravel  clinga 
to  them  or  falla  in  the  other  trays. 

Sheave.— Wm.  H.  Birch,  S.  F.,  assignor  of 
one-half  to  Charles  J.  Ksighin.  No.  425.734. 
Dated  April  15,  1890.  The  object  of  this  in- 
vention is  to  provide  a  sheave  having  a  separ- 
able or  detachable  easily  renewable  wearing- 
snrface,  whereby  the  body  of  the  sheave  may 
be  preset  ved  indefinitely.  Though  this  im- 
proved sheave  may  be  used  in  any  place  or  con- 
nection, it  is  especially  of  value  in  the  construc- 
tion and  maintenance  of  cable  roads,  being 
adapted  for  use  in  the  tension'Carriage,  at  all 
places  where  a  change  in  the  direction  of  the 
rope  is  had,  at  the  terminus  of  the  road  where 
the  rope  returns,  and  wherever  there  is  partio- 
ular  wear  and  strain  on  the  cable.  In  these 
and  similar  places  the  sheaves  always  wear  out 
on  their  rims,  and  they  then  have  to  be  entirely 
renewed — a  difficult  and  expensive  proceeding — 
and  in  the  operation  of  cable  roads  a  delay  is 
caused,  the  effect  of  which  is  to  tie  up  the  en- 
tire road.  This  invention  avoids  this  necessity, 
and  also  gives  other  advantages. 

Ore  Feeder.  —  Cullen  B.  Bingham,  Vol- 
cano, Amador  county.  D^ted  April  15,  1890. 
This  is  a  device  for  feeding  ore  to  quartz- 
mills  or  other  crushing  machinery.  The 
ore  flows  from  a  hopper  into  a  horizontally 
inclined  rotating  cylinder,  and  the  angle  of  the 
cylinder  may  be  changed  so  as  to  make  it  feed 
fast  or  slow  as  desired.  At  the  front  of 
the  cylinder  is  fixed  a  scraper  which  extends 
along  in  contact  with  the  upper  interior  end  of 
the  scraper  so  that  wet  or  sticky  ore  will  not 
clog  the  machine. 

New  Incorporations. 

The  following  companies  have  been  incorporated, 
and  papers  filed  in  the  office  of  the  Superior  Court, 
department  10,  San  Francisco: 

DiRiGO  M.  Co.,  April  5.  Location,  Nevada. 
Capital  stock,  $r, 000,000.  Directors — A,  V.  Oliver, 
Carl  Davis,  W.  H.  Cone,  Ed  Dexter  and  S.  A. 
Fisher. 

Antelope  Ranch  Co.,  April  s-  Object,  to  deal 
in  lands  and  construct  irrigation  ditches.  Direct- 
ors—J.  F.  Turner,  H.  Oterson,  A.  J.  Robinson, 
C.  P.  Rix(ord,  A.  J.  Sanborn,  j.  W.  Wesson  and 
A.  E.  Bolion. 

Pacific  Roll  Paper  Co.,  April  5.  Capital 
stock,  $100,000.  Directors — Smith  Birtlett,  F.  W. 
Ainsworih,  T.  J,  Corwin,  Birtholomew  Noyes. 

California  Camera  Club,  April  6.  Object, 
social  and  educational.  Directors^ — George  W.  Reed, 
Clarence  J.  Wetmore,  Sanford  Robinson,  A.  P. 
Flaglor,  Thomas  P.  Andrews,  William  N. 
McCauthy.  E.  J.  Molera,  E.  P.  Gray,  Thomas  C. 
Norcean,  Howard  C.  Tibbitts  and  I.  E,  Thayer. 

California  Fuel  Co.,  April  7.  Object,  to  buy, 
sell  and  manufacture  all  kinds  of  luel.  Directors — 
C.  C.  Cashberg,  G.  H.  Swasey,  E.  K.  Taylor,  T.  J. 
Janes  and  C.  S.  Swasey. 

Calaveras  Big  Trees  Co.  Object,  to  operate 
and  sell  lands  and  water  rights;  also  to  erect  and 
carry  on  hotels,  stores,  livery  stables  and  all  other 
business  perraining  to  hotel-keeping.  Directors — 
J  ames  L.  Sperry.  William  Crocker,  James  W. 
Sperry,  Evans  F.  Pillsbury  and  Frederick  J.  Huse. 

Hercules  G.  M.  Co.,  April  8,  Location, 
Meadow  Lake,  Nevada  Co.  Capital  stock,  $t,50o,- 
000.  Directors — John  P.  Clark,  Frank  J.  Cook,  J, 
C.  Spellingberg,  J.  H.  Knuthson  and  John  Hayes, 
all  o(  Sierra  City. 

Citrus  Fruit  Co.,  April  9.  Location,  Placer 
Co.  Capital  slock,  $150,000.  Directors — Charles 
S.  Wheeler,  D.  H.  Porter,  A  G.  Freeman,  E.  R. 
Baxter  and  W.  C.  Stoud. 

Blue  Lakes  Water  Co..  April  g  (Oakland). 
Capital  stock,  $to,ooo,ooo.  Object,  to  bring  water 
from  the  Blue  Lakes,  Alpine  Co.,  Cal.,  to  the  city  of 
Oakland.  Directors— H.  D.  Bacon.  Daniel  E. 
Hayes,  V.  D.  Moody,  R.  M.  Kirkham,  F.  K.  Shat- 
tuck,  A.  T.  Hatch,  T.  G.  Phelps  of  Bslmont, 
Thomas  Bell,  S.  A.  Marshall,  J.  W.  Smith  and  J. 
S.  Emery. 

The  Colorado  River  Placer  M.  Co.  has  filed  a  no- 
lice  of  the  removal  of  its  principal  place  of  business 
from  the  city  of  Colton,  San  Bernardino  county,  to 
this  city. 

Klamath  Packing  and  Trading  Co.,  April 
II.  Capital  stock,  $roo,ooo.  Directors  —  C.  C. 
RohlfCs  F.  Gee,  Jay  Deming,  A.  F.  Johns  and  John 
Bamhoff. 

Bedeury  Balance  Slide  Valve  Co.,  April  10. 
Object,  to  manufacture  and  sell  a  balance  slide  valve. 
Capital  stock,  $i.ooo,oco,  Directors — George  W. 
Bedbury,  H.  D.  Wallace.  Henry  H,  Clement,  E.  F. 
Badgley,  Robert  Brand,  J.  C,  Brown  and  W,  M, 
Cannon. 


284 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Apeil  26,  1890 


EQechajmigal  Progress, 


Blacksmltlis  and  Their  Calling. 

Backsmitbs  and  other  iron-workera  should 
be  very  proud  of  their  calling.  Gold  has  been 
called  the  most  precious  of  metals,  and  so  ad- 
mitted; but  as  between  gold  and  iron,  the 
world  could  better  diepense  with  the  yellow 
metal  than  with  iron.  Of  course  we  could  ex- 
ist without  either;  but  to  be  without  iron 
would  carry  ua  back  centuries  and  paralyzs 
thousands  upon  thousands  of  industries,  and 
take  away  nearly  all  the  great  inventions  of 
modern  civilizition.  This  can  readily  be  com- 
prehended when  once  attention  is  called  to  the 
fact. 

The  antiquity  of  iron  is  an  unsettled  ques- 
tion, bat  we  have  mention  of  it  in  the  earliest 
records,  and  from  all  times  the  workers  in  iron 
have  been  held  in  high  esteem,  and  ofttimes 
considered  chief  among  the  many.  The  Greeks 
had  their  Vulcan  and  the  Hebrews  their  Tubal 
Cain.  Even  in  the  wilda  of  Africa,  Dr.  Liv- 
iogstone  discovered  workers  in  iron,  and  the 
novel  method  they  had  of  working  it  was  sur- 
prising. The  modern  forge  is  an  improvement 
over  the  bellows,  but  the  latter,  of  course, 
should  not  bs  mentioned  in  the  same  breath 
with  the  rude  contrivance  of  the  Africans — an 
earthen  forge,  covered  with  two  blow-pipes, 
acting  without  any  tuyeres,  but  attached  to 
two  upright  boxes  or  valves.  In  these  valves 
the  operator  places  pistons,  which  he  works  up 
and  down  alternately  with  either  hand,  and 
thus  forces  a  continuous  blast.  It  ia  rude  bat 
ingenioaSf  and  works  reasonably  well.  A  stone 
near  by  answers  the  purpose  of  an  anvil.  In 
early  times  the  glory  of  the  iron-worker  lay  in 
the  fact  that  he  was  the  maker  of  swords, 
spears  and  other  implements  of  war.  War  was 
the  principal  occupation  of  people  then;  might 
was  right,  and  woe  to  the  captives. 

Now  the  scene  is  changed.  The  world  is 
peaceful,  Agricalture,  commerce  and  the  me- 
chanical arts  furnish  the  chief  sources  of  liveli- 
hood, and  in  all  these  the  iron-worker  lends  a 
helping  hand.  The  farmer's  implements  are 
made  by  the  iron-worker,  his  horses  are  shod 
(Dccaeionally)  by  the  iron-worker;  the  wheels 
of  commerce  are  accelerated  by  his  efforts. 
Without  him,  it  would  be  the  alow  ox  team  of 
yore,  while  he  almost,  if  not  actually,  personi- 
fies machinery.  Verily,  the  legend  attributing 
to  the  iron-worker  the  seat  at  the  right  of  King 
Solomon,  at  the  dedication  of  the  great  temple, 
is  but  further  proof  of  that  wise  monarch's 
wonderful  wisdom, — Blacksmith  tt  Milhorigkt. 


Tempered  Copper  Boxes  and  Bearings  — 
Cjppbr  ia  well  known  to  be  the  basis  of  nearly 
all  anti-friction  metals.  It,  however,  lacks  the 
strength  in  its  natural  state  for  bearings,  and 
must  be  hardened  by  amalgamating  with  tin 
and  other  metals,  to  give  it  the  required 
strength  and  hardnesp.  Such  mixtures  cnange 
the  whole  nature  of  the  copper,  leaving  it  a 
granular  and  brittle  metal  with  a  hard  grinding 
surface,  instead  of  a  tough,  fibrous  metal.  That 
copper  was  hardened  or  tempered  by  the  an- 
cients no  one  oan  doubt,  as  samples  of  edged 
tools  and  relics  of  all  kinds  have  been  found, 
composed  of  pure  copper,  and  are  on  exhibi- 
tion in  all  collections.  It  is  said  that  the  Eu- 
reka Tempered  Copper  Oo.  of  Northeast,  Pa,, 
has  discovered  this  process,  and  is  able  to 
supply  the  trade  with  any  and  all  kinds  of 
copper  cast  solid,  tempered  to  any  gauge  that 
the  work  expected  of  them  demands.  Among 
the  uses  to  which  tempered  copper  can  be  put 
are:  Locomotive  and  railroad  bearings,  engine- 
boxes  (high  or  low  speed),  gears,  pinions,  gibs, 
roliing-mttl  boxes,  mill  steps,  springs  of  all 
kinds,  roll  plate  for  boiler  plates,  all  kinds  of 
journal  bearings,  loose  pulleys,  friction  clutches, 
carriage  axles  and  boxes,  street-car  boxes, 
steam  pumps  and  valves,  pump  linings,  rider 
brasses,  commutator  strips  or  bars,  electric 
brushes,  dynamo  shells,  bearing-boxes  for  elec- 
tric motors  and  dynamos,  trolley-wheels,  elec- 
tric switches  or  cutouts. 


Testing  Car  Axles. — The  most  efficient  test 
of  o^r  aslea  ever  made  at  the  United  States 
Rolling  Stock  Works  has  recently  been  com- 
pleted. Of  the  axles  tested,  only  one  broke, 
and  that  was  put  under  a  drop  of  five  feet  and 
given  25  blows.  The  first  one  tested  was  given 
five  strokes  from  the  ponderous  hammer.  Three 
of  thase  strokes  were  a  dcfiection  of  ten  feet, 
and  the  other  two  15  feet.  There  was  no  fract- 
ure. The  second  was  subjected  to  seven 
blows,  three  of  which  were  10  feet  and  four  15 
in  deflection.  There  was  no  deflection.  The 
third  stood  three  blows  at  10  feet  and  22  blows 
at  15  feet.  It  broke  under  the  25th  blow. 
The  fourth  atood  three  lOfoot  strokes  and  five 
blows  at  15  feet  without  a  fracture.  The 
fifth  was  given  three  strokes  at  10  feet  and  two 
at  15  feet  without  a  fracture.  The  test  waa 
made  by  the  iuBpector  of  the  Savannah,  Florida 
&  Western  railroad,  and  the  axle  waa  pro 
nounced  by  him  to  be  the  best  and  strongest  he 
ever  passed  npon. 

Coke  and  Whitewash  in  Steel-Making. — 
The  Cirbon  Iron  Works,  according  to  the  MJn- 
gineetring  and  Mining  Journal,  are  revolution- 
izing the  trade,  in  one  direction  at  least.  For 
a  year  past  the  company  has  been  making  steel 
by  the  direct  process.  Rhode  Island  graphite 
was  formerly  used  to  absorb  the  impurities  of 
the  iron  ore.  The  graphite  waa  a  success,  but 
the  freight  on  it  amounted  to  a  considerable 


figure,  and  the  company  looked  around  for 
something  with  which  to  replace  it.  They  ex- 
perimented with  coke,  and  soon  found  that  it 
would  answer  all  purposes  when  treated  with 
whitewash.  When  coke  was  broken  into  small 
pieces  and  soaked  in  whitewash,  all  the  im- 
purities of  the  ore  were  fused,  the  oxygen  of 
the  iron  joined  with  the  carbon  of  the  coke 
passing  off  as  carbonic  acid  gas,  leaving  the  im- 
purities in  such  a  shape  that  they  oould  be 
easily  eliminated.  By  this  means  the  blast 
farnaces  are  doing  away  with  the  graphite  and 
a  great  deal  of  expense  avoided.  The  coke  has 
now  been  in  use  for  over  a  year,  and  as  a  re- 
sult the  carbon  works  are  turning  oat  some  of 
the  finest  bridge  plates  made  in  the  United 
States,  and  steel  is  produced  which  is  very  low 
in  phosphorus. 


The  Plate  Glass  Business  appears  to  have 
been  a  rapidly  growing  industry  in  this  country 
ever  since  its  first  inception  but  a  few  years 
ago,  and  as  is  the  case  with  nearly  every  other 
branch  of  mechanical  or  manufacturing  busi- 
ness newly  established  here  and  having  to  com- 
pete with  the  cheap  labor  of  other  countries, 
with  little  or  no  proteotion,  its  permanent  suc- 
cess is  only  made  possible  by  improved  ma- 
chinery or  procasses  by  which  the  cost  here  ia 
made  leaa  than  by  the  old-time  methods  em- 
ployed abroad.  As  an  instance,  a  dispatch 
from  Zinesville,  Ohio,  relates  that  parties  in 
an  Eistern  State  propose  to  set  up  a  plate- 
glass  plant  in  that  city.  "They  are  glass- 
workers,  and  claim  to  have  invented  a  method 
which  they  assert  will  cheapen  the  process  by 
one-half.  Instead  of  having  the  glass  full  of 
waves  when  first  rolled  out,  as  wich  the  iron 
rollers  under  the  old  process,  the  glass  is  cast 
perfectly  smooth,  and  almost  as  polished  as  the 
old  plate  glass  after  the  latter  has  been  pol- 
ished by  special  maohinery  for  1-4  hoars.  The 
12  hours'  grinding  and  the  wasting  of  from  one- 
half  to  two-thirds  of  the  material  in  order  to 
get  a  plane,  level  surface  is  also  avoided.  It  is 
said  that  the  new  plate-glass  company  at  Wash 
ington,  Pa.,  is  trying  to  secure  the  method  for 
use  for  the  plant  which  is  to  be  erected  there. 
The  parties  owning  the  plant  say  that  a  plant 
covering  two  acres  will  have  a  capacity  twice 
as  great  as  the  plant  in  which  the  men  are  now 
employed,  which  covers  six  acres." 

Compressed  Pousbed  Shafts. — An  article 
has  bien  made  in  Germany  for  about  two  years 
which  has  attracted  great  attention  in  indus- 
trial circles;  we  refer  to  the  compressed  pol- 
ished shafts.  The  valuable  qualities  of  these 
shafts,  it  is  thought,  will  assure  their  speedy 
introduction  and  general  adoption.  These  shafts, 
which  can  be  welded  and  tempered,  possess  a 
torsion  strength  more  than  double  that  of 
turned  or  rolled  shafts.  They  are  made  of  pure, 
soft  Siemens-Martin  steel  containing  from  20  to 
25  per  cent  of  carbon.  It  is  the  carbon  that 
causes  the  shafts  to  have  a  tenacity  of  50  per 
cent  greater  than  ordinary  shafts,  and  while 
possessing  seven-tenths  the  diameter  and  half 
the  weight  of  the  latter,  they  afford  equal  se- 
curity; They  are  perfectly  round  and  straight, 
are  exact  in  caliber,  and  do  not  need  turning. 
From  a  number  of  experiments  made  by  Messrs, 
David  Kirkaldy  &  Son  of  Lindon,  it  was 
shown  that  their  limit  of  elasticity  was  79,200 
pounds  (English),  that  of  ordinary  iron  being 
23,800  pounds,  and  of  patent  rolled  shafts  60,- 
600  pounds.  The  relative  strength  is,  iron, 
1000  pounds;  patent  rolled  shafts,  1505  pounds; 
compressed  polished  shafts,  1601  pounds.  This 
compressed  material  can  be  used  for  a  variety 
of  purposes,  as  pulleys,  gnida-rods,  piston-rods, 
pamp-rods,  slide  bars,  etc.,  axles,  spindles,  bolts, 
in  agricultural  implements,  printing,  weaving, 
spinning,  sewing,  washing  machines,  etc.;  in 
short,  wherever  drawn  or  turned  material  is 
now  used. 


Screws. — It  is  not  known  when  screws  were 
first  made  and  brought  into  use.  The  first  in- 
stance known  of  machinery  being  applied  to 
the  making  of  aorews  was  in  France  in  1569, 
by  a  man  named  Bssson,  who  contrived  a 
asrew-cutting  gauge  to  be  used  in  a  lathe.  The 
early  method  bad  been  to  make  the  heada  by 
pressing  the  blanks  while  red-hot  between  dies, 
and  then  to  form  the  threads  by  the  process  of 
filing.  In  1741,  Bssson's  device  was  improved 
by  Hindley,  a  watchmaker  of  York;  and  for  a 
long  time  the  watchmakers  of  England  em- 
ployed the  latter's  method  in  making  the  small 
screws  used  in  their  work.  Toe  first  English 
patent  appears  to  have  been  issued  to  Job  and 
William  Wyatt.  in  1760,  for  three  machines, 
one  for  making  blanks,  another  for  making  the 
heads,  and  a  third  for  cutting  the  threads.  Be- 
tween that  date  and  1840  about  ten  patents 
were  issued,  only  one  of  which  is  worthy  of  no- 
tice, namely,  that  of  Miles  Barry,  dated  Jan. 
28,  1837,  which  was  for  a  gimlet-pointed  screw, 
— Builder  and  Woodworker, 


Petroleum  Motoks  are  being  sioiplified  and 
improved  to  such  an  extent,  says  an  English 
journal,  that  they  may  now  be  ranked  among 
the  useful  small  motors.  Id  one  manufactured 
at  Berlin,  ordinary  lamp  petroleum  is  used 
with  success,  and  a  number  of  these  little  en- 
gines, varying  from  one  to  four-horse  power, 
have  been  running  for  over  a  year  in  different 
parts  of  Germany  and  Russia;  while  in  Bel- 
gium, a  company  for  their  construction  has 
been  formed,  and  the  works  (situated  in  Brus- 
seU)  are  in  full  swing. 

The  Demand  for  Locomotive  Engines  at 
present  exceeds  the  supply,  and  this  has  been 
the  condition  for  some  time, 


SeiENTiFie  Ffiocbress. 


The  Sound  of  Light. 

Experiments  have  long  since  proved  that 
light  exerts  a  projactile  or  pushing  force;  and 
more  recently  it  has  been  shown  that  a  beam  of 
light  may  also,  under  certain  oondltions,  pro- 
duce sound,  A  beam  of  sunlight  is  thrown 
through  a  lens  on  a  glass  vessel  that  contains 
lampblack,  colored  silk  or  worsted,  or  other 
substances,  A  disk  having  slits  or  openings 
cut  In  it  is  made  to  revolve  swiftly  in  this  beam 
of  light,  so  as  to  cut  it  up,  thus  making  alter- 
nate fiashes  of  light  and  shadow.  On  putting 
the  ear  to  the  glass  vessel,  strange  soands  are 
heard  so  long  as  the  fiashing  beam  is  falling  on 
the  vessel. 

Recently  a  more  wonderful  discovery  has 
been  made.  A  beam  of  sunlight  is  made  to 
pass  through  a  prism,  so  as  to  produce  what 
is  called  the  solar  spectrum  or  rainbow.  This 
disk  is  turned,  and  the  colored  light  of  the 
rainbow  is  made  to  break  through  it.  Now 
plaoe  the  ear  to  the  vessel  containing  the  silk, 
wool,  or  other  material.  As  the  colored  lights 
of  the  spectrum  fall  upon  it,  sounds  will  be 
given  by  different  parts  of  the  spectrum  and 
there  will  be  silence  in  other  parts. 

For  instanca,  if  the  vessel  contains  red 
worsted,  and  the  green  light  flishes  upon  it, 
loud  sounds  will  be  given.  Only  feeble  sounds 
will  be  heard  when  the  red  and  blue  parts  of 
the  rainbow  fall  upon  the  vessel,  and  other 
colors  make  no  sound  at  all.  Green  silk  gives 
sound  best  in  red  light.  Every  bind  of  mate- 
rial gives  more  or  less  sound  in  different  colore, 
and  utters  no  sound  in  others.  The  discovery 
is  a  strange  one,  and  it  is  thought  more  won- 
derful things  will  come  of  it. 

The  New  Material  for  Cloth. — A  de- 
tailed description  has  appeared  of  Mitscher- 
lich's  roost  interesting  process  for  producing 
cloth  from  wood.  Thin  boards  or  laths,  free 
from  knots,  are  cut  into  strips  in  the  direction 
parallel  with  the  grain,  and  are  boiled  in  a 
solution  of  sulphurous  acid  or  bisulphite,  this 
boiling  effecting  disintegration  without  the 
strips  being  reduced  to  very  small  pieces.  The 
wood,  after  boiling,  is  dried  in  the  open  air, 
and  when  dried  the  fiber  becomes  comparatively 
strong.  The  damp  masses  on  the  frame  are 
transferred  to  a  traveling  endless  cloth,  which 
leads  them  to  a  pair  of  rollers,  which  may  be 
plain  or  provided  with  corrugations  in  the  di- 
rection of  their  length,  the  ribs  of  the  one 
roller  being  made  to  gear  into  the  recesses  of 
the  other  one,  whereby  they  effect  a  simul- 
taneous strong  bending  and  squeezing  of  the 
masses.  The  cutting  of  the  material  in  pass- 
ing through  the  rollers  ie  avoided  by  causing 
the  endless  cloth  to  pass  over  the  lower  roller, 
and  by  placing  a  canvas  covering  around  the 
upper  roller.  The  pressed  masses  fall  from 
these  rollers  on  to  a  second  endless  cloth  which 
conveys  them  to  a  second  pair  of  rollers,  from 
which  they  are  conveyed  to  a  third  pair — and 
so  on,  for  six  times.  By  oontinued  treat- 
ment of  the  wood  the  fibers  become  at  length 
so  pliable  and  isolated  from  each  other  that 
they  can  be  employed  directly  for  coarse 
filaments;  but  to  obtain  a  long  fiber,  the 
boiled  and  pressed  masses  are  completely 
dried,  then  combed  in  the  direction 
parallel  with  the  fibers,  similarly  to  the 
operations  for  combing  fiix,  cotton,  etc.  The 
separation  of  the  extractable  matter  from  the 
fiber  produced  by  boiling  the  gums  and  aolnble 
organic  matter  can  be  effected  at  any  time, 
though  it  is  preferable  that  this  be  effected 
after  the  fiber  has  been  spun  into  threads,  etc. 


The  Nature  of  Gravitation. — Some  one 
asks  the  Manufacturer  and  Builder  what  the 
opinion  of  the  scientists  of  the  present  day  is 
in  regard  to  the  "real  nature  of  gravitation." 
That  paner  in  reply  says:  The  **real  nature  of 
gravitation"  is  as  much  of  a  mystery  to-day  as 
it  was  to  the  philosophers  of  Newton's  time. 
This  philosopher  succeeded  in  establishing,  by 
mathematical  reasoning  (proceeding  upon  the 
observed  motions  of  the  heavenly  bodies),  the 
fact  that  they  mutually  attracted  one  another 
according  to  a  definite  law  which  he  formulat- 
ed, and  which  has  since  been  known  and  ac- 
cepted as  the  law  of  universal  gravitation.  To 
explain  the  matual  action  of  bodies  at  a  dis- 
tance as  great  as  that  which  separates  the  ce- 
lestial bodies,  without  the  intervention  of  some 
medium  by  which  the  force  may  be  conveyed 
from  one  to  the  other,  seemed  to  Newton  in- 
conceivable; and  the  impossibility  of  conceiv- 
ing the  transmission  of  actions  in  an  absolute 
vacuum  has  caused  the  universal  acceptance  by 
philosophers  of  an  ethereal  medium  distributed 
throughout  all  space,  and  existing  within  ma- 
terial bodies;  and  all  the  phenomena,  by  means 
of  which  we  are  made  conscious  of  the  external 
world,  are  supposed  to  be  produced  by  various 
affections  of  the  ether.  We  know  not  if  gravi- 
tation is  a  pushing  or  a  pulling  foroe,  as  our 
icquirer  crudely  puts  it.  On  one  hypothesis  it 
is  assumed  to  be  due  "to  the  impact  of  ultra- 
mundane corpuscles,"  which  would  make  it  a 
"pushing"  force.  We  commend  to  this  in- 
quirer the  reading  of  the  article  on  "Attrac- 
tion" in  the  Eao^clopedia  Britannica,  which  is 
a  very  good  resume  of  the  subieot. 

Magnetic  Phenomena. — In  a  recent  lecture 
by  Mr,  Shelford  Bidwell  before  the  R^yal  In- 
stitution of  London  on  Magnetic  Phenomena, 
that  gentleman,  after  some  introductory  re- 


marks on  the  nature  of  magnetic  phenomenft 
and  on  Faraday's  conception  of  "lines  of  mag- 
netic force,"  called  attention  to  a  very  delicate 
reflecting  magnetometer,  consisting  of  a  small 
magnet  attached  to  a  snspended  mirror,  the  de- 
fieotions  of  whioh  were  made  visible  to  the  au- 
dlenpe  by  means  of  a  lamp  and  scale,  in  the 
usual  manner.  He  then  proceeded  to  show 
that  various  email  iron  objects,  suoh  as  a  pocket 
knife,  a  nail  and  a  door  key,  none  of  whioh  had 
been  intentionally  magnetized,  nevertheless  ex- 
hibited traces  of  magnetism.  The  well-known 
experiment,  illustrating  the  earth's  power  of 
magnetic  induction,  consisting  in  holding  a  bar 
of  soft  iron  in  a  vertical  position  and  obsetTlng 
its  polarity,  then  inverting  it  and  tapping  it» 
on  which  its  polarity  is  reversed,  was  very  well 
shown  by  the  magnetometer,  a  very  light  tap 
being  sufficient  for  the  purpose,  A  soft-iron 
bar,  which  had  previously  been  deprived  of  its 
magnetism  by  raising  it  to  a  yellow  heat  and 
allowing  it  to  oool  in  an  east  and  west  direc- 
tion, and  therefore  with  its  length  perpendicu- 
lar to  the  earth's  line  of  force,  was  then  moved 
parallel  to  itself  into  the  neighborhood  of  the 
magnetometer  without  producing  any  sensible 
effect;  but  a  defleotion  was  immediately  visible 
when  the  bar  was  tamed  into  a  vertical  posi- 
tion, the  direction  of  the  defiection  showing 
that  the  lower  end  had  become  a  north  pole. 

Primitive  Methods  of  Making  Fire. — It 
has  been  discovered  b;  Br,  Adler  of  JohnsHop- 
kins  CJoiversity  that  the  Acadian  fire-god  waa 
represented  by  crossed  stioks  in  the  position  in 
which  they  are  held  when  fire  is  being  made. 
A?  the  records  of  these  people  are  among  the 
very  oldest  known,  the  method  of  making  fire 
by  twirling  one  stick  on  another  may  be  re- 
garded as  the  moat  primitive.  The  spark  struck 
from  two  pieces  of  flint  will  not  ignite  tinder. 
In  order  to  get  fire  by  the  use  of  a  fiint  it  ia 
necessary  that  a  piece  of  pyrites,  iron  or  steel 
be  used.  As  no  one  has  ever  found  a  piece  of 
fiint  together  with  a  piece  of  pyrites,  it  is  safe 
to  e&y  that  the  Indians  knew  nothing  of  this 
method  of  making  a  fire. 


Camphor  and  Naphthaline, — The  advanced 
and  advancing  price  of  camphor,  druggists 
state,  will  result  in  greatly  increasing  the  de- 
mand for  naphthaline.  This  ia  a  comparatively 
new  product  of  petroleum,  and  is  a  powerful 
disinfectant  and  effective  protection  against 
moths  and  kindred  insects,  and  with  camphor 
likely  to  reaoh  60  cents  a  pound  and  perhaps 
$1,  as  many  venture  to  predict,  an  active  de- 
mand for  it  is  antioipated.  It  is  so  new  that  it 
has  not  come  into  general  use  as  yet,  though  a 
steadily  growing  demand  for  it  Is  noted;  bat 
for  camphor  in  many  of  its  uses  there  is  no  sat- 
isfactory substitute,  and  no  weakening  in  the 
market  is  regarded  as  likely  for  an  indefinite 
time. 

Smokeless  Powder  Rendered  Useless.— 
Wben  the  announcement  was  made  that  amoke- 
less  powder  was  a  success,  there  was  great  ex- 
ultation among  military  men,  as  it  was  thought 
that  it  would  be  possible  to  watch  the  ma- 
neuvers of  an  army  and  command  them  to  muoh 
better  advantage.  A  French  genius  now  comes 
forward  with  an  invention  whioh  knocks  the 
smokeless  powder  into  the  shade.  It  is  a 
smoke  bomb  which  is  capable  of  creating  vast 
clouds  of  smoke  and  can  be  fired  into  the  ranks 
of  an  enemy  who  uses  the  smokeless  powder^ 
obscuring  bis  view  and  placing  him  at  the 
same  disadvantage  as  if  he  need  the  old- 
fashioned  powder. 

The  Moon  and  the  Magnetic  Needle, — An 
Australian  meteorologist  claims  to  have  ascer- 
tained by  careful  investigation  that  the  moon 
haa  an  infiuenoe  on  a  magnetic  needle,  varying 
with  its  phases  and  its  declination.  The  phe- 
nomenon is  said  to  be  more  prominently  notice- 
able when  the  moon  is  near  the  earth,  and  to  be 
very  marked  at  those  periods  when  she  is  pass- 
ing from  the  full  to  her  first  and  second  quar- 
ter. It  also  appears  that  the  distarbanoea  in 
question  are  at  their  maximum  at  the  time  when 
the  moon  is  in  the  plane  of  the  equator. 


Earth-shine  or  Ash  Limb, — The  pale,  del- 
icate light,  which  renders  visible  the  unillumin- 
ated  portion  of  the  moon's  disk  is  oalled  the 
"  earth-shine  '*  or  "  ash  limb. "  It  is  caused  by 
the  refisction  of  the  sunlight  upon  earth  to  the 
moon,  from  which  body  it  is  reflected  back  to 
the  earth,  and  is  most  conspicuous  when  the 
anilluminated  portion  of  the  moon  ia  smallest, 
as  about  the  time  of  the  full  moon. 


Waste  and  Damage  in  the  Use  of  Coal. — 
Tests  made  in  Ljndon  have  shown  that  the 
value  of  coal  wasted  in  amoke  from  the  do- 
mestic fireplaces  in  that  city  amounts  to  $11,- 
282,500  annnally,  while  the  aggregate  waste  of 
uuconsumed  carbon  is  $13,000,000  a  year,  and 
the  damage  to  property  caused  by  smoky 
atmosphere  is  put  down  at  ^10,000,000. 


A  Novel  Telephone,  invented  by  an  Amer- 
ican, has  for  its  primary  feature  the  transmis- 
sion of  sound  by  the  vibration  of  glass.  From 
a  glass  diaphragm  extend  a  number  of  glass 
tubes  of  various  sizes  communioating  with  an 
ordinary  wire.  Very  clear  and  diatinot  ntter- 
anoe  has  been  found  to  result  on  trials  over  a 
line  three  miles  long. 

Unventilated  Oars  — W,  R,  Nichols,  a 
well-known  chemist  of  Boston,  aaya  he  haa 
found  twice  as  muoh  deadly  carbonic  aoid  gas 
in  the  air  of  an  unventilated  passenger  oar  as 
in  one  of  the  main  sewers  of  the  city  of  Boston. 


LPBiL  26,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Peess. 


285 


SOOD   HEj^LTH. 


Healtli  of  the  State. 

The  Maroh  isaue  of  the  ciioQlar  of  the  SUte 
xd  of  Hetlth  gives  reports  from    101    locali* 
^  repreeeotlog   a  popaUtioa    of     85.3. 'jUO, 
^ which  IISO   deaths   have   occurred,    an 
L  rate  of  mortality  of    lU  oti  per  thouiaod 
Kmportaot  decreaae    from   the    February 
;.     bisoases  from  the    respiratory   organs 
oDtinue  to  add  to  their  quota  to  the   bills 
of  mortality. 

The  reports  do  not  lodicate  maoh  subsideaoe 
of  the  diseases  of  the  respiratory  orgsns  so 
prevalent  Id  Janaary  and  Febraary.  Pneu- 
mooia,  bronohitis,  congestion  of  the  lungs 
and  intluenza  were  reported  tn  almost  every 
loasHty  heard  from.  Intluenzt  Is,  however, 
sobiidioft,  and  do  longer  partakes  of  the  opU 
demic  form.  The  health  ctliaer  in  Trinity 
county  reports  the  death  of  11  Chinamen  from 
**  L%  Grippe,"  which  is  a  remarkable  oircom* 
■taDoe,  as  the  Chtneae,  as  a  rnle,  do  not  seem 
to  be  as  susceptible  to  the  disease  as  the  white 
people.  It  must,  howerer,  be  recollected  that 
the  accuracy  of  Chinese  statements  as  to  the 
nature  of  diseuo  is  very  liable  to  error. 

The  precautions  now  quite  generally  taken 
to  Isolate  patients  alllicted  with  diphtheria  and 
croup  appear  to  be  effective  in  preventing  the 
spread  of  the  Infection,  as  no  reports  are  re* 
ceivedof  these  diseases  being  epidemic. 

Important  Health  ConalderatloDS. 
Typhoid  fever  is  noted  In  some   localities; 
but  it  is  not  as  prevalent  as  It  will  be  when  the 
ground  begins  to  dry  after  the   exoeeaive  rains 
of  the  past  season.     This  is  accounted  for  from 
the   fact   that:     **The   occurrence  of   unusual 
amounte  of  rain  supersaturating  the  earth   dis- 
tarba  the  oontenta  of    prlvtea   and    oeBspools, 
causing  the  carriage  from  these  receptaolea   to 
be  deposited  in  new   localities  and  perhaps   at 
far  distant   points.     Now,    aoppoaing    any    of 
the  contonta  of  these  privies  and  cesspools  con- 
tained the  germs   of    typhoid  fevdr,   their   de- 
position on  the  ground  and  subsequent  deaioca- 
tion  or  carriage  into   our   water  aopply   might 
be  the  cauee  of  a  serious  epidemic.     We  know, 
at  all  events,  that  the  putrefaction  of   organic 
matter  is  inimical   to   health,    and   the    debris 
left  after  the  subaidenoe  of  large  accumulations 
of  water  should  be  removed  from   around   our 
dwellings,  our  outhonseB,   our   alleys  and   our 
streets,    carried    away    and    buried    deep    or 
burned.     The  cleansing  of  our  premises  is  now 
a  wise  precaution  against  future   eickness,   and 
as   typhoid   fever   is  peculiarly  a  filth  disease, 
its  mode  of  prevention  is  essentially  cluanliness. 
"The  typhoid  germ  can  be  swallowed  in  food 
as  well  as  drank  in  water.     Prof.   Vaughan   of 
the    Michigan  Uoiverslty  diaoovered   the   bac- 
illus  in  sewer  air,  and  Dr.   biker,  the   eminent 
Secretary    of    the   State   Board   of   Health   of 
Michigan,  contracted  the  diaeaae,  Itis supposed, 
from  the  air  of  this    very    same     sewer.     Our 
health  otEcers. are  therefore  requested  to  urge 
upon  theirsoveral  districts  the  extreme  neceaaity 
that  exists  at  this  time  to  remove   all   accumu- 
lations of  debris   and   filth   from    about   their 
habitations,   as   what   are   now   comparatively 
harmleas  deposits  will,  in   the  preaenoe   of   in* 
creaaing  temperature,    become   masaea   of   pu- 
trescent and   dangerous   organic   matter,    that 
is  certain  to  deteriorate  the  health  and  infalli- 
bly expose  the  aystem  to  a  condition   favorable 
to  the  receptivity  of   diaeaee   germa    and   their 
aucceasful  cultivation  in  the  eoll  thus  prepared 
for  their  accommodation  and  development.     It 
ia  only  by  the  education  of  the  public  to  these 
daugere  that  we  can  hope  to  avoid  them,    and 
to  the  health  offioera  the  public  look   for   sooh 
information,   and   for  auoh  safegnarda  to    its 
health  whioh  their  education  in  sanitation  par- 
ticularly enables  them  to  aupply  and  direct. " 
Oancer. 
The  terrible  malady  of  cancer  ia   credited 
with     41      deaths     during      the     month.      If 
some  one  or  more  of   the  more  progreaaive  and 
humane  members  of  the  faculty  would  lay  aside 
their   cherished  ethics   for  a  time,   and   make 
some  honest  ioquiry  into  what  ia  being  done  in 
this  city  in  the  private    treatment  of  this  dia- 
eaae,  they  would  not  only    be  aatoniahed    at 
what  they  can    be  ahown,    but  would   atart  a 
movement  which  would  eventually  save  thou- 
sands  monthly   in  this    country,  alone,    from 
death  by  one  of  the  moat  terrible  maladies  with 
which  humanity  is  aUlioted.     A   few   hours  of 
preliminary  observation  would  be  sufficient  to 
so     interest    any   really   sincere     investigator 
that  he  would  be  willing  to  take  whatever  fur- 
tber  time  would    be  necessary    for    the   most 
thorough  investigation  of  the  whole  matter. 

Antiseptic  Value  of  Eucalyptus. 

Writing  to  the  Selma  Irrigator  about 
eucalfjptua  globulus^  W.  A.  Sandera  aays: 

Id  soaking  up  old  wine  or  vinegar  casks,  we 
throw  a  few  blue-gum  boughs  with  their  leaves 
into  the  water,  and  it  never  becomea  putrid, 
while  without  the  blu6*gum  we  would  have  to 
change  the  water  daily  to  prevent  putridity 
and  spoiling  of  the  fiavorof  anything  afterward 
kept  in  the  oaak, 

■We  have  kept  fresh  beer  eight  days  in  the 
hotteat  weather  by  keeping  around  it  a  plenti- 
ful aupply  of  green  blue-gum  leaves  and  chang- 
ing them  daily, 

A  decoction  of  green  leaves  ia  a  stronger  and 
more  lasting  atimnlant  than  tea  or  ooffee,  and 
more  aalatary  in  its  effeota,  as  it  does  not  oauaa 


wakefulneia.  It  seems  to  have  the  stimulating 
effeot  of  quinine  without  any  of  its  iDJurious 
qualities.     

Canisk  Citrb  for  Rhecmatism.  —  The 
Wheatland /'our  Comers  avers  that  a  certain 
Grass  Valley  man  has  slept  with  a  dog  in  his 
bed  every  night  for  the  last  20  years.  He 
claims  that  a  dog  in  bed  with  a  person  will 
draw  the  rheumatism  out  of  the  person  into  its 
own  body.  He  says  he  has  used  up  three  doge 
in  that  period,  they  having  become  prostrated 
with  the  dlMaae  oontraoted  from  hla  ohronic 
alllictioD. 


Useful  Inforjviatio>. 


Oscillations  oK  Hioii  Ciiimni£Y8. — A  French 
journal  gives  some  particulars  of  the  oscillation 
of  a  chimney-stack  near  Marseilles,  115  feet 
high,  with  an  exterior  diameter  at  the  top  of 
four  feet.  During  a  severe  storm  it  waa  de- 
termined, by  observing  the  shadow  of  the  chim- 
ney, that  its  greatest  oaclllatlon  was  nearly  one 
foot  eight  inches.  It  was  further  observed 
that  a  chimney  aet  in  motion  by  a  gust  of  wind 
oscillates  from  four  to  tive  times  backward  and 
forward  until  it  is  at  rest  agaiu.  M.  E.  Btirg 
asserts  that  should  this  momentum  during  the 
oooillations  of  a  chimney  repeat  itself  in  such 
a  manner  that  its  direotioD  coincides  with  that 
of  oscillation,  the  overthrow  of  the  chlm* 
ney  may  be  expected.  This  is  the  explanation 
given  for  the  destruction  of  many  a  chimnev 
constructed  in  accordance  with  sound  principles 
of  stability.  In  the  case  of  a  chimney  near 
Vienna,  164  feet  high,  and  oonstruoted  of  con- 
centric hollow  ringa,  with  an  inner  diameter  to 
the  top  of  6^  feet,  which  is  exposed  to  consider* 
able  gusts  ot  wind,  the  oacillationa  were  moat 
carefully  and  repeatedly  measured  with  a  the- 
odolite, when  the  observations  showed  an  ex- 
treme oscillation  of  only  16  centimeters  (16^ 
iaobea)  daring  severe  etorma, 

A  Notable  Fact  in  connection  with  a  public 
manual  training  school  in  Philadelphia,  as  re- 
ported in  a  local  paper,  is  that  of  the  boys  now 
in  the  training  school  and  learning  the  use 
of  chisels  and  hammers  and  lathes,  fully 
tbree-fourtha  are  the  aons  of  professional 
and  business  men—many  sons  of  doctors  and 
ministers  and  lawyers.  Of  the  77  occupations 
recorded  of  parents  of  boya  now  in  the  middle 
class,  54  are  thoseof  professional  or  buslneas  men 
and  '23  those  of  men  engaged  In  other  pursuits, 
of  whom  only  14  are  artisane.  On  the  other 
hand,  it  ia  stated  that  children  of  mechanics  in 
that  city  are  "atriving  to  get  into  the  ranks  of 
the  etruggling  and  poorly  paid  professions." 
Well,  it  wouldn't  do  for  all  to  be  mechanics; 
and  nine  times  out  of  ten  the  workingman'a  son 
becomea  the  moat  succesa'nl  lawyer,  doctor  or 
oiergyman.  His  self-reliance  and  ambition 
generally  overcome  all  obstaclea. 


Enqijmeef^ing  I^otes. 

Russian  Entebprise— It  aeema  probable 
that  the  Kusstan  Government  will  shortly  be- 
gin the  ooDstruction  of  the  great  canal  between 
the  Onega  lake  and  the  White  soa,  connecting 
that  sea  with  the  Bkltio,  plans  for  whioh  have 
been  for  some  time  under  consideration.  It  is 
estimated  that  the  length  will  be  235  kilome- 
ters, of  which  K)8  kilometers  are  natural  oanal, 
while  the  depth  is  to  bo  three  meters.  The 
cost  of  the  oaoal  alone  is  estimated  at  seven 
and  a  half  million  roublei;  but  with  a  harbor 
constrnoted  at  Wyg,  on  the  White  sea,  and 
dredging  of  the  river  Svir,  the  cost  will  be  ten 
million  roubles.  In  regard  to  the  Siberian  rail* 
road,  the  statement  has  been  made  that  the 
U'lthschilds  have  iquelched  that  enterprise  by 
rofueing  the  loan  ot  two  hundred  and  twenty 
millions  aeked  from  them.  The  Rothschilds  are 
not  now  the  only  money  kings  in  the  world. 
If  I'lussia  finds  it  for  her  interest  either  pecu- 
niarily or  as  a  war  measure  to  build  that  road, 
the  Rothechilds  will  not  be  able  to  prevent  its 
construction  by  simply  refuaing  to  turnish  the 
means.  There  ia  scarcely  a  doubt  but  that  the 
road  will  be  ocmpleted  at  an  early  day.  It 
will  open  up  to  commerce  one  of  the  finest  sec- 
tions of  country  in  the  world,  and  with  its  act- 
ive operation  the  present  disturbing  question 
of  exceeaivo  cruelty  in  connection  with  Siber- 
ian exile  would  soon  come  to  an  end. 


A  New  Mineral  Oil  which  will  be  known  as 
*'  dynamine,"  having  the  conBistency  of  butter, 
baa  recently  been  introduced  to  the  manufact- 
uring public  by  La  Compagnie  Francaiae  des 
GraisBOB  Miueralea  Gonsietantes.  The  new  sub- 
stanoe  is  not  acid,  and  ia  free  from  reainoua 
matter  and  drying  oils.  It  ia  very  atable  in 
character,  and  does  not  undergo  any  change 
when  exposed  to  the  air.  Its  buttery  consiBt- 
ency  does  not  appear  to  be  due  to  the  addition 
of  paraffine,  vaaeline  or  wax  to  a  liqaid  oil,  as  it 
baa  a  definite  melting  point  at  S4°  C.,  and  does 
not  infiame  at  a  temperature  lower  than  220^ 
In  color  it  reaemblea  butter,  and  it  has  no  ap- 
preciable odor.  These  properties  give  it  an 
especial  value  as  a  lubricator,  and  as  it  has  no 
chemical  action  on  metals,  dynamine  ia  likely 
to  be  extensively  used  for  this  purpose. 

Leather  from  Wood. — It  is  said  that  one 
Dr.  George  Tenius  of  Vienna  has  a  process  for 
the  manufacture  of  artificial  leather  from  red 
beeohwood.  The  best  wood  for  the  purpose  is 
taken  from  50  to  GO-year-old  treeb,  cut  in  the 
spring,  which  must  be  worked  up  immediately, 
bark  peeled  off,  steamed,  treated  with  obemi- 
oale  in  a  kettle  under  pressure,  and  exposed  to 
several  more  operations  whioh  the  inventor 
doea  not  mention,  as  he  wants  to  have  them 
patented.  From  the  prepared  wood,  strong  and 
thin  pieces  are  made  by  means  of  pressure.  The 
inventor  states  that  solid  sole-leather  oan  be 
obtained,  which  he  claims  is  auperior  to  the 
animal  leather  in  firmnees  and  durability,  and 
can  be  worked  up  in  the  same  way  as  animal 
leather,  nailed  and  sewed. — Tke  Tradesman. 

Varnish  for  Copper  Work. — In  varnishing 
new  copper  work,  nae  boiled  linaeed  oil;  it 
stands  the  weather  as  well  as  the  beat  coach 
varnish,  although  it  does  not  make  so  smooth  a 
surface,  and  is  much  cheaper.  Two  coats  are 
soffisient;  let  the  first  coat  dry  thoroughly  be- 
fore the  second  Is  applied. 


The  Bridge  Across  the  Bosphorus. — It  ia 
reported  that  a  French  syndicate  proposes  to 
build  a  bridge  across  the  Bjaphorus.  It  ia 
thought  that  the  bridge,  by  linking  the  Aaiatic 
and  Karopean  railway  systems,  would  be  sufli 
ciently  useful  to  justify  the  enormous  expense 
whioh  it  would  entail,  and  would  eventually 
pay  for  itself.  The  French  engineers  who  are 
ready  to  undertake  the  constrnution  have  fixed 
upon  Roumeli  Hiasar  as  the  point  from  which 
the  bridge  would  atart,  the  distance  thenoe  to 
Auotoli  Hiaaar  being  2624  feet.  It  ia  under- 
stood that  it  ia  proposed  to  make  the  bridge 
with  one  apan  only.  The  longest  bridge  span 
at  present  ia  1710feet.  If  the  Bjsphorue  should 
be  crossed  by  a  single  span  ot  2624  feet  that 
would  be  considerably  leas  than  the  present  pro- 
posed span  aorosa  the  Tagua  at  Liabon,  which 
exceeds  3000  feet  in  length.  There  appears  to 
be  no  limit  to  modern  engineering. 

Wave-Power. — The  force  exerted  by  waves 
beating  on  the  seashore  can  be  averaged.  It 
baa  been  ascertained  that  a  rolling  wave,  20 
feet  high,  will  exert  a  force  of  about  one  ton 
per  square  foot.  The  action  of  waves  is  moat 
deatructive  at  low-water  line,  while  the  ex- 
treme hight  of  mid-ocean  wavea  is  estimated  to 
be  from  20  to  22  feet.  The  average  force  of 
ocean  waves  has  been  estimated  to  bo  611 
pounds  per  ( quare  foot  during  summer  and  2086 
pounds  during  the  winter  months.  Baring  a 
heavy  gale  a  force  of  6983  pounds  waa  ascer- 
tained. Such  a  wave-power  machine  was  in 
partial  operation  some  yeara  ago  on  the  ocean 
beach,  beyond  the  Oiiff  House,  but  the  inventor 
neglected  to  provide  for  the  extra  energy  de- 
veloped in  the  wavea  by  rough  weather,  and 
the  motor  was  wrecked. 


The  Great  Colorado  Tunnel,  whioh  baa 
been  for  10  or  15  years  in  slow  process  of  oon- 
etruction  under  the  auspices  of  "  Brick"  Pom- 
eroy,  through  the  Rocky  mountains,  baa  a 
prospect  of  being  at  length  completed  and  em- 
ployed for  railroad  purposes.  This  tunnel  ia 
located  60  miles  due  west  from  D.nver.  It  will 
shorten  railway  distance  250  milea  between 
Danver  and  Silt  Lake  Oity.  More  than  4600 
peraons  are  now  financially  interested  in  the 
enterprise.  The  tunnel  will  be  five  miles  long 
and  4400  feet  bejow  the  top  of  Gray's  peak 
The  company  enters  the  year  1890  entirely  free 
from  floating  debt,  all  its  bills  paid  and  work 
going  ahead  day  and  night  In  both  ends  of  the 
tunnel.  By  the  uae  of  modern  machinery  from 
six  to  ten  feet   headway   is  gained   every  day 


Huatenoga  harbor  and  the  Western  railway  of 
Roumaoia,  whioh  already  runs  as  far  as  On- 
deaci.  As  there  is  a  largo  tract  of  marshy 
ground  on  the  left  bank  of  the  Danube  where 
the  bridge  wilt  be  built,  this  will  have  to  be  no 
less  than  20  miles  in  length. 


E'LECTPjeiTY. 


A  Use  for  the  Phonograph, — For  political, 
religious  and  reform  purposes,  it  is  propoaed 
that,  instead  of  Bonding  speakers  to  all  parts 
of  a  State,  to  provide  phonographs  loaded  with 
appropriate  addresses,  aend  them  from  one 
point  to  another,  and  turn  them  loose  at  every 
pnblic  gathering. 

Brick  from  Slate. — Northern  manufactur- 
ers are  interested  in  the  atatement  that  the  fin- 
est brick  made  in  the  South  are  from  the  refuae 
of  slate  quarries.  They  have  a  double  resisting 
power  and  absorb  only  one-thfrd  as  much  water 
aa  ordinary  briok. 


Steam  and  Electricity- Partners. 

Steam  and  electricity  instead  of  being  rivals 
are  partners.  The  statistics  of  steam  engines 
show  a  greater  demand  than  ever  before,  while, 
at  the  same  time,  the  electrical  field  has  known 
an  extraordinary  development. 

Eirly  in  the  electrical  era  the  enthusiast 
declared  that  his  favorite  foroe  would  usurp 
the  place  of  steam,  to  which  the  steam  men 
replied  that  they'd  wait  and  see. 

They  have  waited,  and  what  they  have  seen 
is  something  quite  different  from  what  they 
had  been  led  to  expect  by  the  prophecies  of 
overaanguine  electricians.  The  more  eUctrio 
light  and  power  developed,  the  greater  has 
been  the  demand  for  steam.  For  though,  in 
isolated  and  widely  separated  instances,  elec- 
trical generators  are  turned  by  water-power, 
steam  is  almost  universally  employed;  at  least, 
as  yet,  is  indeed  the  only  certain  and  expedi- 
tioua  mode  of  performing  the  service. 

And  80  it  ie;  you  may  follow  the  wire  from 
the  light,  trace  the  main  to  the  source  where 
it  gets  its  energy,  and  there  you  will  find — the 
Bteam  engine. 

The  effect  of  the  coming  of  electricity  as  a 
motive  force  into  the  field  occupied  by  steam 
finds  a  striking  parallel  in  the  effeot  of  eleotrio* 
ity,  as  an  illumtnant,  upon  gas. 

When  Edison  announced  his  discovery  of  a 
means  of  sub-dividing  the  electrical  current, 
the  gas  men  trembled,  for  it  was  known  he 
was  no  idle  boaster.  The  answer  came  next 
morning  from  London  that  gas  stock  had  de- 
clined CI. 200.000  (§6,000,000)  at  the  news. 

Everybody  would,  of  course,  prefer  electric 
lighting  to  gas,  there  would  be  no  demand  for 
this  product  of  coal,  and  the  gas  companies 
would  collapse  or  go  into  the  hands  of  re- 
oeivers. 

So  it  waa  thought. 

What  really  happened  was  a  surprise  to 
every  one. 

Wherever  the  eleotric  light  came  into  use 
the  demand  for  gas  increased. 

People  beoame  used  to  an  intense  light. 
Shops  with  two  gas  jets  aglow  in  their  win- 
dows appeared  dingy  in  the  neighborhood  of 
a  big  voltaic  arc  light,  so  the  keepers  turned 
onfourjete.  Those  with  five  turned  on  ten, 
and  so  on. 

And  ao  it  waa  that  the  gas  people  who  once 
looked  forward  to  electric  illumination  with 
fear  and  trembling  oame  to  regard  it  with 
equanimity  if  not  with  positive  friendliness. 

In  the  matter  of  power  diatribution  the  case 
ia  not  esaentially  different.  What  were  for- 
merly amall  steam-uaers,  are  more  and  ^ore  in- 
clining to  the  uae  of  electricity;  getting  their 
power  from  a  motor  energizsd  by  wire  from 
electrical-power  venders.  But,  as  a  set-off  to 
this,  there  is  an  enormous  demand  from  one 
end  of  the  land  to  the  other  for  powerful  steam 
enginea  to  drive  electric-lighting  dynamos. 

Before  the  advent  of  electric  lighting  there 
waa,  of  course,  no  suoh  demand;  the  gas  oom- 
paniea  attending  to  all  the  lighting  without 
the  interposition  of  steam  engines  at  all. 

Engine-makers  are,  therefore,  indebted  to 
electricity.  It  is  a  benefactor  rather  than  an 
enemy,  a  pattner  rather  than  a  lival. —  The 
Safety  Valve, 

Growing  Demand  for  Electric  Motors. — 
The  uaea  of  the  electric  motor  are  multiplying 
daily,  and  one  of  the  indications  that  ite  adapt- 
ability ia  recognized  by  the  public  is  that  ma- 
chinea  for  both  constant  potential  and  constant 
current  systems  have  been  manufactured  dur- 
ing the  paat  year  at  the  rate  of  upward  of  250 
j  per  week,  and  their  rating  will  exceed  700- 
Ti  T?        .«,.^TXT.«,r       T?«rta«fiTT  ^  horae  power.     In  spite  of  thia  great  output  of 

Engineering    Extraordinary  -  Recently,    ^^^^^J^^^  apparatus,   every   portion   of  which 

gads  an  immediate  sale,  nearly  all  the  facto- 
riea  are  behind  in  their  orders  to  Bucb  anexttnt 
that  it  18  nearly  impossible  to  fill  orders  under 
60  days.  Motors  have  been  introduced  for 
every  conceivable  purpose  to  whioh  power  can 
be  applied,  and  small  industries  run  by  elec' 
trio-power  have  started  up  in  many  places 
where  steam  power  could  not  have  been  util- 
ized. The  use  of  the  storage  battery  is  also 
rapidly  increasing. 

Electricity  on  the  Soez  Canal, — The  use 
of  electrical  lights,  by  which  business  may  be 
pushed  as  rapidly  by  night  as  by  day  on  the 
Suez  Canal,  has  doubled  the  capacity  of  that 
great  international  thoroughfare.  Were  it  not 
(or  the  electric  lights,  immediate  preparations 
wonld  have  to  be  made  lor  increassd  facilities 
by  enlarging  the  width  of  the  canal.  It  is 
claimed  by  the  managers  that  the  cfTeot  of  the 
eleotric  light  has  been  the  Rame  as  if  the  canal 
had  been  increased  from  22  meters,  its  present 
width  at  the  bottom,  to  '62  meters,  an  operation 
which  would  have  cost  the  company 
$20,000.000. 

Florida  Fibers, — A  company  in  Florida  has 
for  several  years  paet  been  manufacturing  cord- 
age, matre'^ses,  etc.,  from  bear  grass,  sisal  hemp, 
palmetto,  jute  and  other  Florida  fibers  with 
much  success.  It  is  now  manufacturing  a  sab- 
Btitute  for  hair  in  mortar  ased  in  plaateiing. 


by  accident,  the  New  York  end  of  the  Hudson 
River  tunnel  was  seriously  flooded,  and  all  or- 
dinary methods  of  stopping  the  leaks  proved 
unavailing.  At  last  Engineer  Moy  contrived 
a  novel  means  of  finding  the  holes.  On  Thurs- 
day he  secured  a  number  of  water  rats,  tied 
long  pieces  of  oakum  to  their  tails,  caught  in 
the  middle  by  a  piece  of  wire.  The  rats  were 
then  forced  into  the  caisson  through  the  air- 
pumps.  Tne  rats,  following  the  current  of  air, 
found  the  leaks,  and,  passing  through  the 
crevices,  left  the  oaknm  behind.  This  stopped 
the  ingress  of  air  sufficiently  to  enable  the 
pumping  to  proceed  with  success. 

A  Needed  Work. — The  Government  ap- 
pears to  have  under  serious  consideration  a 
proposition  to  construct -a  canal  aronnd  Niagara 
Falls  to  accommodate  American  lake  shipping 
and  war  vessels  in  case  of  an  emergency.  Ac- 
cording to  the  plans  under  consideration,  it  will 
cost  $23,000,000  and  will  have  a  depth  of  20i 
feet.  The  necessity  of  such  a  canal,  it  is  argued, 
is  made  apparent  by  Canadian  discrimination 
against  vessels  of  the  United  States  passing 
through  the  Welland  canal. 

The  Lonoest  Bridge  in  the  World,  if 
built  according  to  present  estimates,  will  be 
oonatrncted  by  the  Roumanian  Government 
across  the  Danube  between  Dodesci  and 
Tohernavoda,  thus  effecting  a  j  auction  between 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[April  26,  189^ 


A.  T.  DEWEY.  W.  B.  EWEE. 

DEWEY  &  CO.,  Publishers. 

Ofce,  220  MarUl St.,  N.  E. cor.Front St.,S.F. 
tr  Take  the  Elevator,  So.  IS  Front  St.-e» 

W.  B.  EWER Sbhior  Editor 

Terms  of  Subscription. 
Annual  Subscription,  ?3.    New  subscriptions  will  be 
declined  witliout  cash  in  advance.    All  arrearages  must 
be  paid  for  at  the  rate  of  S3. 50  per  annum. 
AdvertlslDB  Kates. 

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Large  advertisements  at  favorable  rates.  Special  or 
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at  special  rates.    Four  insertions  are  rated  in  a  month. 

Address  all  literary  and  business  correspondence 
and  Drafts  fur  this  paper  in  the  name  of  the  firm. 

SCIENTIFIC   PRESS    PATENT    AGENCY. 

DEWEY  &  CO.,  PATBNT  SOLIOITORS. 
A.  T.  DBWEY.  W.  B.  BWBR.  Q.  H.  8TR0NQ. 

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SAN    FRANCISCO: 

Saturday,  April  26,    1890. 
TABLE  OF  CONTENTS. 

EDITORIALS.— The  Thomoeon  Engine,  279-  Pass- 
ing Events;  Drifb  Mining  in  Placer  County;  The  Earth- 
quake;  More  Felton  Wheels  for  Japan;  The  State 
Mioeralogist'8  Report;  The  Molders'  Strike,  286. 

IIjIjUSTRATIONS-— At  the  Mnuth  of  the  Tunnel  of 
the  Hogaback  Mine;  The  Thompson  Automatic  En- 
gine, 279. 

OURKBSPONDBNCB.— The  Deep  Gold  Placers  of 
California,  280. 

MISCELLANEOUS.— Coast  Industrial  Notes,  280. 
Legal  Points  in  Levee  Building;  Sampling  Auriferous 
Quartii;  Mining  Engines,  281. 

MiSCHANICAL  PROGRESS.— Blacksmiths  and 
Their  Calling;  Tempered  Copper  Boxes  and  Btaringa; 
Testing  Car  Axlea;  Coke  and  Whitewash  in  Steel- 
Making;  The  Plate  Glass  Business;  Compressed  Pol- 
ished Shafts;  Screws;  Miscellaneous,  284. 

SOIBNTIFIC  PROGBBSa.-The  Sound  of  Light; 
The  New  JIaterial  for  Cloth;  The  Nature  of  Gravita- 
tion; Magnetic  Phenomena;  Primitive  Methods  of  Mak- 
ing Fire;  Camphor  and  Naphthaliue;  Smokeless  Pow- 
der Rendered  Useless;  The  Moon  and  the  Magnetic 
Needle;  Eitth-shioe  or  Ash  Limb;  Waste  and  Damage 
in  the  Use  of  Goal;  Miacellaaeous,  284. 

GOOD  HEALTH.— Health  of  the  State;  Antiseptic 
Valueof  Eucalyptus;  Canine  Cure  for  Kheumitism,  285. 

USEFUL  INFORMATION. -Oscillations  of  High 
Cbimnejs;  Leather  from  Wood;  Va.rnish  for  Copper 
Work;  A  Use  for  the  Phonograph;  Briok  from  Slate; 
Miacellaneous,  285. 

ENGINEERING  NOTES.- Russian  Enterprises; 
The  Bridge  Across  the  Bosphorus;  Wave-Power;  The 
Great  Colorado  Timnel;  Engineerine  Extracrdinary; 
A  Needed  Work;  Longest  Bridge  in  the  World,  285. 

ELECTRICITY.- Steam  and  Electricitv— Partners; 
Growing  Demand  for  Electric  Motors;  Electricity  on 
tbe  Suez  Canal;  Florida  Fibers,  285. 

MINING  SUMMARY— From  cne  various  counties 
of  California,  Nevada,  Arizona,  Colorado,  Idaho,  Mon- 
tana, NewMexico,  Oreeon,  Utah,  Wyoming,  282-283. 

MINING  STOCK  MARKET.— Sales  at  the  San 
Francisco  St^ck  Board,  Notices  of  Meetings,  Assess- 
mentfi.  Dividends,  and  Bullion  Shipments,  288- 

MA.RKET  REPORTS.- Local  Markets,  Eastern 
Metal  Markets,  288. 


Passing   Events. 

The  fact  that  the  E-isdon  Iron  Works  of  this 
city  will  put  in  bids  for  Crnisera  Noa.  2  and  6 
showB  that  our  ahipbnilding  industry  in  Califor- 
nia is  likely  to  increase  largely,  eince  this  firm 
is  prepared  to  establish  the  necessary  plant 
to  do  this  GovernmeDt  work.  The  Risdon  has 
done  a  great  deal  of  succesBful  marine  work, 
but  this  will  be  its  first  attempt  on  large  Gov- 
ernment TesBels.  It  has  already  farniahed  ma- 
chinery for  some  of  the  smaller  Government 
craft. 

The  merchants  of  the  city  have  subscribed 
^10,000  to  the  foundrymen  to  aid  them  in  their 
present  emergency,  in  order  to  assist  in  putting 
a  speedy  end  to  the  molders'  strike,  which  is 
doing  so  much  harm  to  the  local  iron  industry. 
This  substantial  money  aid  and  the  increasing 
numbers  of  molders  in  the  shops,  are  very  satis- 
factory signs  to  the  foundrymen  that  they  will 
eventually  win. 

The  earthquake  of  Thursday  morning  was 
the  most  vigorous,  with  one  exception,  since 
the  memorable  one  of  1S6S, 

There  is  a  great  quantity  of  snow  on  the 
mountains  and  water  will  be  abundant  for  min- 
ing operations  for  a  long  season.  At  present 
there  is  still  rather  too  much,  as  pumps  are 
everywhere  kept  busy.  The  mining  industry 
will  make  a  good  showing  this  year. 

The  House  Committee  on  Naval  Affairs  has 
reported  back  favorably  the  bill  for  the  relief 
of  the  Union  Iron  Works  of  San  Francisco  and 
to  allow  them  the  amount  of  the  penalty  of 
§33,384  exacted  by  the  Government  and  re- 
tained from  the  contract  price  for  the  oonstruo- 


tion  of  the  cruiser  Charleston  because  of  the 
failure  to  secure  the  required  horse-power.  The 
report  seta  forth  that  the  trouble  was  not  with 
the  contractors,  but  with  the  plans  and  specifi- 
cations furnished  by  the  Government,  which 
were  strictly  followed  in  the  construction  of  the 
vessel.  While  the  horae-power  developed  is 
less  than  was  expected,  the  speed  is  greater 
than  was  designed,  and  as  speed  was  the  great 
object  sought  to  be  obtained  by  the  horse- 
power, the  Government  has  in  the  result  a 
better  vessel  than  waa  contemplated  by  the  con- 
tract. 

Drift  Mining  in  Placer  County. 

The    Hoesback:    Mine  on  the   Forest  Hill 
Divide. 

The  Hogaback  drift  mine,  on  the  Forest  Hill 
divide,  Placer  county,  consists  of  several  loca- 
tions oomprisidg  682  acres  in  all.  The  atock  is 
all  held  in  Paris,  France,  the  name  of  the  com' 
pany  being  the  *'Compagnie  des  Mines  d'Or  du 
Forest  Hill  Divide,"  with  Eugene  Reveney  as 
president.  The  original  company  whioh  owned 
this  ground  prospected  it  by  a  short  tunnel 
and  broke  through  into  cement,  fiading  their 
tunnel  too  high.  They  bonded  the  property  to 
the  present  company  for  $25,000,  and  a  pur' 
chase  was  concluded.  The  new  company  com 
menced  work  April  28,  18S8.  They  ran  a  7x8 
tunnel  SO  feet  lower  than  the  old  one,  and 
broke  through  into  cement.  At  1100  feet  they 
made  an  upraise  of  15  feet  in  bedrock  without 
striking  cement,  and  at  1320  feet  they  sanb: 
four  shafts  and  two  stopea  a  total  depth  of 
226  feet  below  the  bottom  of  the  end  of  the 
tunnel,  struck  20  miners'  inchea  of  water  and 
were  "  drowned  out."  The  pitch  of  the  bed 
rock  to  where  they  broke  through  waa  an  aver 
age  of  38°,  and  waahed  very  smooth.  This 
tunnel  had  to  be  abandoned  as  not  low  enough 
to  bottom  the  channel.  Work  on  the  tunnel 
was  commenced  by  hand  on  May  IS,  ISSS.  A 
distance  of  24S  feet  was  run  by  hand,  three 
shifts,  of  five  men  each,  laying  their  own  track 
and  removing  their  own  dirt.  The  average 
distance  made  per  week  by  hand  was  35  4  feet 
The  following  statement  ahowa  the  greatest 
week's  work  by  hand: 

PltOClREfS    FOR    A    WFEIv    48.7   FKRT. 

12  men,  7  days  (S4  days),  at  S3 S2n2  ''O 

3  meo,  7  days  (21  daj  s).  at  S3.25 6S  25 

1  man,  7  days  (7  da\3),  at  S3  50 24  iiO 

114  lbs.  safety  niter  p  «der  No.  2^,  at  ISc.  per  lb.     20  52 
350  feet  triple  taped  fuse,  at  723.  per  100  feet ...       2  52 

50  lbs.   chemical  wax  candles,  14  oz  ,  at  13{c. 

per  lb 6  62 

2  boxes  XXX  blasting  caps,  at  SOc.  per  box 1  60 

224  feet  lumber,  at  S22.50  uer  M 5  04 

1040  lbs.  stoel  rails  (16  lb)  (195  ft.)  at  4c.  per  lb..  41  tiO 

Bolts  and  fish-plates,  at  50e,  per  pair 4  oo 

f!ar  oil 

40  bushels  charcoal,  at  20e.  per  bushel 8 

Wear  and  tear,  etc 1  00 

Total  cost S435  SO 

Cost  per  foot S  94 

Not  a  timber  was  used  in  this  ground,  and  it 
is  still  atanding  without  any. 

On  the  S-.h  of  July,  1888,  the  IngersoU 
straight-line  air*compresBor,  class  A,  was  start- 
ed, and  by  December  27th  the  tnnnel  had 
reached  a  length  of  1559.6  feet. 

At  a  distance  of  1320  feet,  they  broke 
through  into  a  hard  mountain.cement,  and  antic- 
ipated making  greater  headway,  but  found  it 
was  very  nearly  as  costly  as  the  rock.  Daring 
the  time  they  were  in  bedrock  the  average 
progress  per  week  with  machine  drills  was 
5S.94  feet  for  1320.7  feet  of  tunnel,  requiring 
but  21  aets  of  timbers,  showing  that  the  ground 
is  not  soft.  Average  numbers  of  holes  per 
shift  10,  blasting  the  cut  and  top  bolea  first, 
bottom  holes  afterward.  The  two  largest  runs 
made  for  two  oonaecutive  weeka  were  73  6  feet 
for  the  week  ending  August  4th,  and  66.9  feet 
for  the  week  ending  11th,  or  respectively, 
10,51  and  9.55  feet  per  diem. 

The  tnnnel  runs  diagonally  acroaa  the  strike 
of  the  rock  (the  strike,  however,  varying  very 
much,  sometimes  being  at  right  angles  with 
the  tunnel),  which  ia  composed  of  alternate 
strata  of  alate,  diorite,  and  some  white  barren 
quartz. 

The  regular  force  of.  men  employed  consists 
of  15  miners  working  8  hours  per  day;  2  engi- 
neers, working  12  hours  per  day;  2  drivers, 
working  12  hours  per  day;  two  blacksmiths, 
working  10  hours  per  day;  one  timberman, 
working  10  hours  per  day,  divided  into  three 
shifts,  and  working  two  3^-inoh  IngersoU 
Eclipse  drills  on  columns. 

They  have  three  S^-inch  IngersoU  Eclipse 
drills,  and  the  total  cost  for  all  extras  for 
1559.6  feet  of  tunnel  was  ^132,75.  A  stringent 
rule  was  enforced,  requiring  eaoh  drill  to  be 


taken  out  and  thoroughly  cleaned  once  a  week. 

The  actual  coat  of  the  1559  6  feet  of  tunnel, 

7sS  feet,  exclusive  of  management,  up  to  Dec. 

27,  1888,  waa  as  followe: 

Cost  per 

running  foot. 

To*-al  labor  (including  timb?rhig)    §12,131  49  S7  77 

Powd-^r.  10,021  ItiB.,  at   14i)c.  (delivered)    1,478  10  90 

Fuse,  23,045  It.,  at  54^0.    per  100,  and 

caps,  §40 165  59  10 

Wood,  522  cords  of  wood,  at  S2  75  (de- 
livered)        1,435  .^0  92 

Charcoal,  ]  580  bushel",  at  20c 3 1 6  ilO  20 

Candles,  1755  lbs.,  at  13;lc.  net 232  53  14 

Qane  p'anks  and  ties,  7624  ft.  at  S22  60 

per  M 171  54  10 

Timbers,  21  seta,  at  SI. SO  per  set 37  80  02 

Steel  rails,  etc  (16  lbs.)  20,048  lbs.  at 

4c.  net 801  92  51 

Ai,.„«,i      f  lSO0ft3in@294c..S531  00) 

w,fJ5  t^i^oJl^OOft.lin.c^ejc.  106  25  y    76143  4S 

water   Pipeaj  Freight  on sam.. .  124  IS  J. 

Horse  feed,  hay,  21.;  barley.  3c.  par  lb.        .3«  60  22 

Materials,  steel  drill  parts,  oil,  tools,  etc.        9l6  33  58 

Tottls S1V97  83  811  04 

Actual  cost  per  runniEg  foot 11  94 

These  tables  of  progress  and  cost  of  tnnnel- 
ing  are  of  great  interest  to  drift  miners  in  this 
State. 

As  stated,  however,  this  tunnel  was  found  to 
be  too  high,  and  was  abandoned,  and  another 
one  was  started  437  feet  lower,  at  an  elevation 
of  4340  feet  above  aea  level.  This  new  tunnel 
was  started  Oct.  18,  1889,  and  is  now  in  1230 
feet.  It  will  be  2520  feet  long  when  completed 
to  the  point  where  the  upraise  will  be  made  to 
cap  the  channel  of  auriferous  gravel.  Thia  up- 
raise will  be  190  feet.  The  course  is  diagon- 
ally acroes  the  strike  of  the  rock  which  is  hard- 
er than  in  the  upper  tunnel.  The  new  tunnel 
ia  7x8  in  the  clear  with  a  three-inch  grade  to 
100  feet.  For  the  tracks,  16-pound  ateel  rails 
are  used,  and  the  iron  oars  hold  2200  pounds  of 
slate  bedrock.  Horses  are  uaed  to  hanl  the 
cars. 

The  air  compressor  is  GOO  feet  above  the 
present  tnnnel,  where  the  works  are.  Air  is 
carried  in  a  three-inch  pipe.  An  18-inch  Pel- 
ton  wheel  at  the  tnnnel  mouth  runs  a  Sturte- 
vant  blower,  by  water  that  ia  brought  in  an 
inch  and  a  half  pipe  from  the  upper  tunnel. 

The  energetic  young  superintendent,  Mr.  W. 
0.  RUstoD,  kept  the  work  going  during  the 
whole  of  this  exceptionally  rough  winter. 
John  C.  McFauU,  the  foreman,  is  the  yonng 
man  who  had  charge  of  the  Horseshoe  Bar 
tannel,  below  Forest  Hill,  For  nine  weeka  one 
shift  of  men  had  to  be  kept  shoveling  away 
SDOW  so  that  the  earn  could  be  dumped,  A  tun- 
nel waa  made  through  the  snow  to  the  black- 
smith shop.  They  had  18  feet  of  anow  at  the 
tunnel  mouth  in  the  ravine,  and  21  feet  at  the 
office.  On  the  first  page  of  this  week's  Press 
l9  a  photo-faceimile  of  the  mouth  of  the  tunnel 
of  this  mine,  made  from  a  photograph  taken  by 
Mr.  R  listen  before  the  snows  set  in.  Laet 
month  they  made  217  feet  of  progress  and  ex- 
pect to  get  in  and  begin  the  upraise  by  the  last 
of  October.  

The  Earthquake. 

At  3:37.44  A.  M.  on  Thursday  a  sharp  and 
vigorous  earthquake  was  experienced  here, 
which  was  the  heaviest  shock  since  the  famous 
one  of  1868,  with  the  exception  of  that  of  July 
Slst  last.  The  general  direction  of  the  move- 
ment was  from  southwest  to  northeaat,  and  the 
duration  about  six  seconds.  The  seismograph 
at  the  Cbabot  Observatory,  Oakland,  shows 
that  the  actual  movement  of  the  earth  waa  only 
about  one-seventh  of  an  inch,  but  it  was  very 
rapid.  The  earth  movements  at  auch  times  are 
very  much  smaller  than  popularly  supposed. 
The  heavy  shock  of  last  Jaly  showed  an  actual 
movement  of  only  three-sixteenths  of  an  inch. 
Yet  in  that  case  and  in  thia  one  many  persons 
supposed  that  the  movement  was  several  inches. 
The  earthquake  of  Thursday  waa  fortunately 
very  limited  in  duration,  for  if  It  had  lasted 
very  long  with  the  same  vigor,  much  damage  to 
buildings  and  chimneys  might  have  resulted. 
The  seismograph  shows  no  long  swing,  bat  a 
confused,  rapid  trembling  motion,  very  quick 
and  sharp.  Tne  mean-time  clock  at  the  Chabot 
Observatory  was  stopped,  bat  the  Siderial 
clock  was  not.  At  the  time  of  the  July  shock 
the  reverse  was  the  case,  the  Siderial  clock 
alone  being  stopped.  On  no  occasion  have  both 
been  stopped  at  the  same  time,  though  each  has 
had  its  turn  on  different  occasions. 

At  Back's  ranch,  in  Plumas  county,  the 
snow  Is  packed  20  feet  deep  on  a  level.  At 
Letter  Bax,  Judge  Clough,  who  has  just  ar- 
rived at  Oroville,  says  he  went  down-ataira  32 
steps  to  get  from  the  anow  into  Thomas  Town- 
send'a  house.  The  snow  there  is  25  feet  deep 
and  is  solidly  packed. 


The  State  Mineralogist's  Repor^ena 

,ag- 

State  Mineralogist  Wm.  Irelan,  Jr,,  has  fP, 
issued  the  Ninth  Annual  Report  from  the  M^ 
ing  Bureau,  a  volume  of   aboat  300   pagea.     jv^ 
addition  to  the  reports  of   deputies  in   the  field' 
in  various  counties  of  the  State,  there  are"*^"] 
cial  articles  as  follows:    "Riifiaing  and  C  had 
of  the  Precious  Metals,"  by  Sven  Gnmk  ex- 
**  Auriferous  Gravels  of  California,  Geologw^* 
their  Occurrence  and  Methods  of  Exploitaf^"* 
by  John  Hays  Hammond,  M.   E;   "Pottery," 
by  Linna  Irelan;   "Rver   Mining,"  by  R.   L. 
Dunn,  ME;*'  Value  of  Fossils  as  Indioationa 
of  Important  Mineral  Products,"  by  Dr.  J.  G. 
Oooper;   "Clays,"  by  W.  D.  Johnson;  *'  Manu- 
facture of  Glass  in  California,"  H.  Da  Groot. 

The  most  complete  and  practical  article  in 
the  report  is  that  on  "  Auriferous  Gravels,"  by 
Mr.  Hammond.  It  is  well  illustrated,  and  de- 
scribes fully  the  method!  of  mining  the  grav- 
els. Numerous  sections  of  drift  and  hydraulic 
mines  are  given  with  their  geological  features. 
Mr.  Hammond  describea  the  variona  gravel 
minea  and  givea  the  details  of  thejmethods  of 
saving  the  gold,  with  the  various  mechanical 
applianoes.  A  complete  list  is  given  of  the 
prominent  mining  ditches  in  the  State,  with 
their  location,  capacity,  cost,  etc.  Mr.  Ham- 
mond's paper,  like  his  other  one  on  the  '*  Mill- 
ing of  Gold  Ores"  last  year,  is  the  featnre  of 
the  report. 

Equally  useful  in  its  special  branch  is  Mr. 
RaesellDann's article  on  "River  Mining."  Thia 
branch  of  placer  mining  in  California  is  fnlly 
described,  and  there  are  numerous  illustrations. 
Mr.  Dann  gives  details  whioh  will  be  naefnl  to 
all  interested  in  this  branch  of  mining. 

The  reports  on  the  counties  are  comparative- 
ly short  thia  year,  owing  to  the  brief  time  when 
field-work  waa  possible  for  the  season.  It  ia 
announced  that  a  geologioal  map  of  the  State  ia 
in  preparation  by  the  Bureau. 


The  Molders'  Strike. 

The  striking  molders  in  this  city  still  hold 
out  in  their  fight,  and  do  the  best  they  can  to 
prevent  the  foundrymen  from  getting  men  on 
their  molding  floors.  More  Eastern  moldera 
continue  to  arrive,  however,  and  go  to  work  in 
the  shops.  Several  more  oame  thia  week  and 
were  taken  to  the  Uaion  Iron  Works  without 
the  atrikers  being  able  to  see  or  talk  to  them. 
The  molders  have  held  a  mass-meeting  to  pro- 
test against  the  importation  of  labor  from  the 
East. 

Certain  merchants  of  this  city,  who  are 
anxious  to  see  the  iron  trade  again  revived, 
have  contributed  ^10,000  in  cash  to  the  Fonn- 
drymen's  Association,  believing  that  the  strike 
can  only  be  brought  to  a  close  by  the  methods 
adopted  by  the  foundrymen.  Their  suooeaa 
aeems  to  depend  on  whether  they  can  supply 
themaelvea  with  men  to  take  the  place  of  the 
atrikers.  This  they  are  now  aaccessfuUy  doing. 
The  Risdon  has  18  competent  molders,  as 
againat  15  before  the  strike.  The  Union  Iron 
Woiks  has  abont  IS,  and  other  shops  a  propor- 
porttonal  number. 

The  contract  for  the  work  to  be  done  for  the 
California-Street  Railroad  Company,  which  baa 
caused  so  mach  controversy  of  late,  waa  award- 
ed to  the  Union  Iron  Works  Wednesday.  It 
amounts  to  about  $100,000. 

The  Riadon  Iron  Works  will  enter  bida  for 
the  construction  of  Cruisers  No.  2  and  6,  and 
an  improved  plant  will  be  obtained,  so  that  all 
the  work  of  building  the  ships  can  be  done 
here. 

More  Peiton  Wheels  for  Japan. 

Evidence  of  the  progressive  character  of  the 
Japanese  is  being  constantly  furnished  by  their 
readiness  to  adopt  American  machinery  in  the 
prosecution  of  their  various  industrial  enter- 
prises. We  gave  a  few  months  ago  a  description 
of  a  water-power  hoist  furnished  the  Japanese 
Government  for  operating  one  of  their  coal 
mines.  A  still  more  extensive  order  has  re- 
cently been  received  from  the  same  source  by 
the  Peiton  Water  Wheel  Co.,  whioh  has  been 
completed,  and  went  forward  on  the  last 
ateamer. 

This  consiats  of  three  eight-foot  Peiton 
wheels  of  capacity  of  lOShorae  power  each 
working  under  a  90-foot  head,  and  two  double 
nozzle  6-foot  wheels  of  capacity  of  115-horse 
power  each  under  same  head.  The  former  were 
fitted  with  the  Peiton  defieoting  nozzle  and 


Apbil  26,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


287 


bydraalic  govcroor,  aad  the  Utter  with  the  ad' 
jattable  slide  Dozzle  and  frictioo  govoraor. 

The«e  fire  wheola,  baTiog  aa  aggregate  ca* 
paoUy  of  554-hor8e  power,  are  to  run  dyaamos, 
the  power  of  wbioh  U  to  be  traoimitted  to  tbe 
city  of  Kioto,  two  mites  distant,  to  be  ased  for 
general  maDafaoturiog  purpoaea,  Tbo  work 
above  described  is  but  the  first  instsllDient  of  a 
plant  of  very  considerable  magnitude,  it  being 
the  intention  as  sooo  as  the  present  wheels  are 
in  place  to  order  15  more  to  bring  tbe  oapaoity 
of  the  plant  np  to  2000  horse  power. 

The  water  is  conveyed  to  the  wheols  through 
2000  feet  of  sheet-Iron  pipe,  and  the  aupply  is 
obtained  from  the  Kioto-Ku-Cho  canal,  a  re- 
cently  oonstrncted  work  involving,  a  large  out- 
lay and  a  high  order  of  engineering  skill,  all  of 
wbiub  has  been  supplied  by  native  officials. 

The  Thompson  Engine. 

{Concluded  f  ovi  p'^'j'^  ?SI  ) 
oaaaing  an  earlier  or  later  cut'off,  according  to 
the  amount  of  work  that  may  bd  on  the  engine 
at  the  moment.  Toe  governor  is  ao  arrau^^ed 
that  a  movement  of  only  tbree-elghtha  of  an 
inch  of  tbe  governor-ballti  oauaes  the  engine  to 
cat  off  at  any  point  along  the  line,  from  '/ero 
to  full  stroke,  thereby  causing  a  remarh&bly 
steady  motion,  although  the  load  may  be  con- 
stantly ohlfting. 

Tbe  governor  has  a  device  by  which,  should 
the  belt  break  or  run  off  the  paltey,  the  main 
steam-valves  would  be  immediately  cloaed  aud 
the  engine  abut  down.     . 

One  of  the  most  remarkable  features  about 
this  engine  ia  that  all  four  of  the  valvea  and 
tbe  out-off  are  operated  with  but  a  single  joint 
and  one  eccentric;  said  i^int  aerves  to  connect 
the  eccentric  rod  with  the  main  valve-rod. 

There  ia  a  OOO-horae  power  engine  of  this 
kind  running  the  Mendocino  Lumber  Co.'s  saw- 
milla  at  Mendocino  City.  Mr.  Ford,  tbe 
superintendent  at  that  place,  informa  us  that 
the  greatest  variation  he  can  detect  in  the 
speed  of  the  engine,  between  a  full  load 
and  nothing,  la  only  a  half  a  revolution. 

There  are  at  present  a  number  of  theee  enginoB 
running  at  various  places  on  the  Pacific  Coaat, 
ranging  in  eize  from  600-horae  power  down  to 
tiO,  all  of  which  are  giving  entire  aatiBfaction 
to  the  ownera  and  the  engineers  that  run  them. 
We  are  informed  that  they  atand  ready  at  any 
time  to  give  the  bigheat  testimonials  in  their 
favor  as  to  durability,  economy,  etc. 

The  Golden  State  and  Miners'  Iron  Worka 
of  San  Francisco,  231  to  251  First  street,  one  of 
tbe  oldest  and  moat  reliable  shops  in  this  city, 
are  the  sole  buildera  of  this  engine  for  tbe  Pa- 
cific Coaat  Statea  and  Territories.  They  ran 
one  of  them  at  tbe  Mechanioa'  Institute  Fair 
for  1SS9,  in  this  city,  for  which  they  were 
nnanimoualy  awarded  the  gold  medal.  The 
Committee  of  Awards  in  its  report  says  :  **This 
engine,  which  la  of  the  automatic  independent 
cut-off  claaa,  presents  many  radical  improve- 
ments upon  those  which  have  hitherto  been 
considered  the  bigheat  type  of  steam  engineer- 
ing practice,  luaBmuch  as  tbe  same  reaulta  are 
obtained  with  a  great  reduction  in  the  number 
of  working  parts  and  joints.  The  engine  is 
oompaot,  strong  audaymmetricalin  design,  and 
preseuta  a  handsome  appearance.  It  is  fitted 
with  four  plain  slide  valvea,  working  entirely 
independently  of  each  other  in  separate 
ohambera,  all  four  valves  and  cut  off  being 
operated  with  one  eccentric.  It  ia  a  remark- 
able feature  of  this  engine  that  all  four  valvea 
and  cut-off  are  operated  with  but  one  joint  or 
working  part  between  them  and  the  eccentnc. 
The  out-off,  which  is  exceedingly  rapid,  ia  op. 
erated  by  steam  pressure.  Owing  to  its  sim- 
plicity, repairs  would  be  reduced  to  a  min- 
mum." 

If  any  one  reqairing  further  particulars  in 
regard  to  the  engine  will  communicate  with 
the  above-mentioned  foundry,  the  information 
will  be  furnished.  The  cut-off  mechanism  of 
these  engines,  with  new  cylinders,  can  be  ap* 
plied  to  any  old  engine  that  haa  either  the  box- 
form  of  frame  or  the  Corliaa,  The  above-men- 
tioned company  are  driving  their  shops  in  thie 
city  with  a  Thompson  engine,  where  it  can  be 
aeen  in  operation  at  any  time. 

The  Caraon  river  ia  runclng  bank  full  of 
water,  and  all  the  capacity  of  the  mills  la  at 
work  upon  Comstock  ore.  The  snow,  which 
is  piled  high  In  the  mountains,  insures  plenty 
of  water  for  mi  ng  purposes  during  the  sum- 
mer montha. 


Mines  at  Beiitoii.  Mouu  Co. 

Mr.  W.  H.  Rassell,  superintendent  of  tbe 
Little  Emily  M.  &  M.  Oo.,  Banton,  Mono  Co.. 
waa  in  San  Franolsco  this  week,  having  come 
here  to  see  certain  lots  of  ore  from  the  mine 
worked  at  the  Sslby  Lead  Works.  The  results 
are  very  satisfactory  to  Mr.  Russell  and  the 
company.  One  of  the  lots  amounted  to  21,47~> 
pounds  net  and  yielded  per  ton  of  2000  pounds 


Sampliiijj:  Auriferous  Quartz. 

iOoncludfdfrttm  png*.  SSL) 

When  all  the  gold  is  well  collected  in  the 
center  of  the  batea,  a  little  pare  mercury  is 
added,  sutHoient  to  form  a  hard  amalgam. 
This  mercury  being  rubbed  bv  the  fioger  cov- 
ered by  a  cot,  will  rapidly  tak>)  up  tbe  gold, 
the  wooden  surface  of  the  batca  greatly  assist- 
ing the  operati:3n. 

The  pyritio  matter  left,  if  thought  to  oon- 


PROSPBCTOR'S  POCKET  SOALB. 


SG7(>.0S  in  silver,  $2.89  in  gold  and  5  per  cent 
lead.  Another  lot  of  40,732  pounda  gave  per 
ton  of  2000  pounda  $195.50  in  silver  with  a 
email  percentage  of  lead.  The  silver  waa  sold 
for  99i'   cents.     The  cost  of  working  this   ore 


tain  any  gold,  can  be  ground  up  fine  with 
water  and  mercury  in  an  agate  mortar,  or 
roasted  in  a  clay  dish  with  a  little  nitrate  of 
soda,  and  there  amalgamated. 

The  4  pound  samples  are  then  to  be  treated 
aa  directed  in  using  the  batea,  and  the  reaulting 
amalgam  put  in  a   piece   of  charcoal,    and    the 


was   $20  per   ton.     The  railroad  chargea  from    mercury    volatilized  by  the   aid  of  a  blowpipe; 


TAYLOR'S  HAND  CRUSHER. 


the  mine  to  the  Selby  works  are  SS  per  ton  for 
ores  working  $50  to  SlOO  per  ton,  and  $14  per 
ton  for  all  working  over  $200.  The  miners  at 
Banton  formerly  paid  $100  per  ton  to  get  their 
ore  brought  to  Sin  Francieco. 

From  the  Little  Emily  mine   altogether  some 
$300,000  has  been  taken    out   in    the   laat   ten 


the  resulting  gold  being  weighed,  the  value 
per  ton  of  rock  will  be  found  by  tbe  accom- 
panying tables.  In  case  the  fineness  of  the 
gold  appaars  to  differ  from  that  of  the  district, 
it  can  easily  be  determined  with  8uffi;:ient  ac 
curacy  by  the  touchstone  of  testing  needka. 

Among  the  many  difiQculties  I  had  to  en- 
counter in  making  the  working  test  was  first 
in    getting    the    rock     properly    and  rapidly 


SECTION    OP    HAND    CRUSHER. 


years.  The  mine  has  been  worked  for  20  years. 
It  is  looking  very  well  indeed  at  present,  and 
the  ore  is  rich.  They  are  running  a  crosscut 
and  extending  the  main  tunnel.  There  are  now 
no  mills  at  Banton,  ao  that  all  the  ore  haa  to  be 
shipped  away  for  reduction. 

Mr.  Kassell  says  that  mining  matters  are 
looking  up  in  that  region,  and  in  Inyo  county 
prospects  are  better  than  ever  known  before. 
The  section  referred  to  ia  a  very  encouraging 
one  for  proapectors  now  that  there  is  a  railroad 
to  take  the  ore  from  the  minea. 


The  Nevada  Oity  Transcript  aays:  In  the 
Deer  Creek  claim  at  Mooney  Flat,  Messrs,  Ayer 
&  Oo.  recently  struck  gray  and  blue  gravel  at  a 
depth  of  62  feet,  and  the  shaft  haa  since  been 
sank  into  it  a  depth  of  10  feet  without  reaching 
bedrock.  The  gravel  pays  from  $20  to  $50  a 
ton.  Some  years  ago  Geo.  McLean  and  others 
ran  a  $250,000  bedrock  tnnuel  to  open  this 
channel,  but  missed  the  mark  and  quit  in 
disgust. 

The  new  patent  combination  rails,  known  as 
the  Bargiou  rails,  which  the  Southern  Pacific 
Company  haa  decided  to  give  a  teat  with 
a  view  to  adopting  them  for  general  use 
over  the  system,  are  being  laid  on  the 
Seventh-street  local  track.  In  Oakland,  where 
it  is  thought  they  will  be  given  a  severe  test. 


About  100  men  are  at  work  on  the   electric 
street  railroad  in  Oakland. , 


crushed  and  afterward  in  having  the  gold 
waehed  out  of  the  crashed  rook  and  amal- 
gamated without  loss  of  gold. 

The  Taylor  band-crueher  I  found  answered 
very  well  for  the  cruBhing,  and  the  improved 
form  of  batea  for  wasbing  out  and  amalgamat- 
ing the  gold;  but  to  complete  the  outfit,  I  re- 
quired a  portable,  accurate  and  cheap  balance. 
After  many  attempta,  in  which  I  was  kindly  as- 


THE    BATEA. 

eisted  by  M.  G.  Rockwell  and  M.  Bohn,  and 
taking  Dr.  Black's  invention  as  a  model,  I  have 
at  laet  succeeded  in  making  a  balance  which,  I 
think,  will  answer  the  purpose  so  well  that 
Messrs.  Taylor  are  now  making  one  something 
after  the  same  pattern  but  with  improvements. 
The  balance  and  frame,  as  shown  by  the  ac- 
compaoying  drawing,  is  about  seven  inches 
loGg  and  one  and  a  half  wide  and  one  inch 
deep.  The  balance  is  a  German-silver  beam, 
six  inches  long  and  one-fourth  of  an  inch  wide; 
the  falorum  knife-edged  and  the  bearings  pieces 


of  round  glass.  Ou  the  right*hand  side  of  the 
fulcrum  ten  divisions  are  marked  at  (qual  die- 
tances  from  each  other,  and  ou  the  left-band 
side  a  small  depreseion  is  made  to  receive  the 
globules  of  metal  or  a  small  pan  for  gold-dnet. 
Above  the  fulcrum  is  a  small  vane,  which  being 
tnrned  to  the  right  or  left  adjasts  the  beam  to 
(qaitlbrinm.  Trie  two  small  wires  resting  upon 
the  beam  keep  it  in  place  while  the  globules  to 
be  weighed  are  being  placed  on  the  beam.  By 
a  very  slight  prossuru  with  the  fioger  the  wires 
are  raised  and  allow  the  beam  to  work. 

The  number  of  weights  required  are  three, 
made  of  Battened  wire,  viz. :  10  grains,  1 
grain  and  one-tenth  of  a  grain.  The  weights 
are  moved  from  one  divieton  to  another  as  re- 
quired to  balance  the  globules,  keeping  the  flat 
side  on  the  linos  of  division. 

Thia  balance  is  very  eenaitive  and  will  weigh 
to  tbe  one-thousandth  part  of  a  grain. 

Holes  are  made  in  the  wooden  block  to  hold 
the  blowpipe,  pincettes,  weights,  charcoal,  etc, 
Tbe  following  table  is  to  be  aaed  in  oonneotlon 
with  the  balance: 


I'ltosrKCTorts    .^^l     MrNRn  8    gold    tablk,    to    dkikhmixb 

KKKB  UOLU  I'Klt  TON  ul*  2000  I'uUNOS  AVniHDltpilIS.  WAM- 
I'LR  Volt  WollKlNG  TR8T,  FuUK  I'dUNllH  AVOIUDDI'OIS, 
2S,000  .JUA1N8. 


Weijfht  of  washed 
yuUt;  four  *  pound 
SBin^Oe  in  graiaa 
and  tontliH. 


5  grains 

4  grains 

3  yraina. . . , 
ligi-ftins.... 

I  trriin 

.9  grain., 
.S  ^rain. , 
.7  ffrain., 
.6  grain., 
.6  grain.. 
.4  iixa.\a.. 
.3  grain., 
,2  yrfliT).. 
.1  ^rain, , 


^^ 

2 

r..^- 

a 

•»  3 

"T- 

_Ss 

i       - 

Ng 

"S 

«>•» 

«2S 

-s 

s.° 

•    ^ 

•   E. 

** 

o 

8S3  o; 

8>1)  38 

594  20 

•  9!)  05 

07  IS 

71  49 

75  30 

79  24 

no  as 

63  11. 
36  74 

66  o'i 

60  43 

33  m 

37  C8 

39  ea 

lli  7U 

17  87 

IS  S4 

19  81 

15  11 

16  (IS 

16  96 

17  82 

13  43 

H  29 

16  07 

16  84 

11  75 

12  61 

la  18 

13  86 

10  07 

10  73 

U  3" 

11  88 

8  ill 

8  93 

9  42 

g  90 

6  71 

7  14 

7  63 

7  92 

6  13 

6  30 

5  65 

6  94 

3  30 

se; 

3  n 

3  06 

1  Hi 

1  78 

1  S8 

1  98 

Kach  grain  of  gold  obtained  after  washing 
will,  therefore,  equal  one  ounce  per  ton.  If 
the  gold  be — 

750  fine,  each  ounce  will  be  worth $15  fifl 

800  fine,  each  ounce  will  b)  wortli [  10  63 

850  fine,  each  ounce  will  be  worth '.  17  f>7 

S75  tine,  each  ounce  will  l)e  worth 18  08 

900  Hne,  each  ounce  will  be  worth 18  60 

920  fine,  each  ounce  will  be  worth 19  01 

9;>0  line,  each  ounce  will  \n  worth jg  22 

Oil)  tine,  ench  ounce  w.ll  be  worth .]  19  43 

950  fine,  each  ounce  will  bu  worth 19  63 

Hence,  multiply  the  value  per  ounce  by  the 
number  of  grains  to  gira  the  value  per  ton. 
Example:  If  the  washed  gold  weigha  2  grains, 
and  the  fineness  be  known  or  estimated  at  say 
$16  53  per  ounce,  the  sample  shows  .$16  53  x  2=i 
§3.3.06  per  ton. 


Mines  and  Mills  of  Shasta  County. 

NUMBER  r. 

[From  Our  Travelfnp  Correspondent.! 

When  one  steps  into  Shasta  county  to  inspect 
the  minea  and  mills,  he  naturally  lands  at  Red- 
ding aa  the  atarting-point  for  getting  posted. 
Although  Redding  is  located  on  the  plain  (for- 
merly known  as  Readings  Ranch)  yet  within  a 
radius  of  10  milea  there  are  many  mines,  and 
more  mines  than  mills.  The  several  mining 
districts  surrounding  are  Lower  Springs,  Shasta 
and  0:d  DIggins. 

Bedding  is  quite  a  neat  little  town  of  abont 
1500  inhabitants,  with  all  the  modern  advan- 
tages, aa  water  worka,  electric  lights,  gaa 
works,  etc,  a  well-conducted  and  neat  post- 
ofiSce.  It  has  two  banks,  a  fine  large  briok 
eohoolhonee,  and  I  don't  know  how  many 
churches,  as  your  correspondent  like  most 
miners  haa  more  use  for  the  banks  than  the 
churches. 

Redding  is  reached  in  10  hours  and  40  min- 
utes from  San  Francisco.  It  may  be  considered 
at  the  foot  of  the  great  mineral  ranges  and  at 
the  head  of  the  Sicrameuto  valley,  and  ia  on 
the  direct  line  of  the  Oregon  &  California  rail- 
road. Redding  in  time  ought  to  be  a  large  and 
good  business  locality,  taking  the  vast  mineral 
section  of  Shasta  into  consideration.  I  forgot 
to  say  that  Redding  has  two  weekly  papers,  the 
Free  Press  and  the  Shasta  Democrat.  Mining  is 
where  the  wealth  oomea  from,  in  two  ways: 
First,  mines  bring  capital  into  the  county  and 
then  the  mines  bring  out  capital;  thus  one  good 
mine  disburses  more  money  in  a  twelvemonth 
than  a  dczsn  ranches.  Shasta  county,  from 
what  I  learn  in  K'dding,  is  tbe  richest  mining 
county  in  all  the  S;ate  of  California,  but  as  to 
this  I  will  know  more  after  I  have  taken  it  all  in. 

There  is  one  advantage,  all  the  mining  sec- 
tions have  fine  facilities,  as  railroad  communi- 
cation, postofiices,  telegraphs,  etc.  This  I  get 
from  asking  queations  as  to  how  and  where  to 
go.  There  are  no  long  and  tedious  tripe  to 
worry  you  out,  and  a  good  r?eal  can  be  seen  in 
a  short  time  if  one  wants  to  fly  through,  but  as 
your  correspondent  has  a  rese  va  cash  fund  to 
draw  on,  he  is  going  to  take  it  easy  and  not 
worry  his  brains  aa  much  as  he  may  worry 
others  by  not  ecratching  off  for  the  Press  all 
he  hears.  The  past  winter  haa  been  very  se- 
vere, nearly  all  the  milla  being  compelled  to 
stop  work  from  one  cause  and  another,  but  one 
by  one  they  are  getting  their  repairs  made  and 
are  starting  in  again.  The  weather  la  now  fine 
and  spring-like, 


288 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[April  26,  1890 


PERFECTED 

DOUBLE 


Attached  to  each  Mill 
is  an  effective 

Automatic  Ore 
Feeder. 

THE  CRUSHING  is  done  by  the  rapid  rocking  movement  in  opposite  directions  of 
two  heavy  castings,  the  bottoms  of  which  are  slightly  circular  in  form,  and  each  provided  with 
our  ehoes. 

The  Mill  is  a  closer  Gold-Saver  and  catches  a  larger  percentage  of 
the  Clean-up  in  the  Battery  than  any  other  Mill. 

It  costs  leas,  in  proportion  to  what  it  will  do,  than  any  other  mill.  There  are  no  working 
parts  to  buy  for  it,  no  matter  bow  long  it  is  ased,  except  shoes  and  dies.  Capacity  of  Mill,  6 
to  10  tons  per  day.     Weight  of  MiU,  complete,  6400  pounds. 

We  manufacture,  to  go  with  the  Mill,  an 

IMPROVED    ROOK    BREAKER. 

Power  required  for  Mill  and  Rock  Breaker,  6  H.  P,    Send  fok  Cirodlar.     Address 

TATUM  &  BOWEN, 

34  and  36  FREMONT  ST.,  SAN    FRANOISOO,    GAL., 

AND    PORTLAND,   OREGON. 

MANUFACTURERS   OF   MINING  AND  SAW  MILL  MACHINERY. 


Vulcan  Iron  "Works, 

135-145  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco,  Oal. 

Mining  Machinery.  Steam  Engines. 


STAMP  BATTERIES, 

PANS  AND  SETTLERS, 

ROCK  BREAKERS,  ETC.,  ETC. 


SAW-MILL  ~| 

cable-road     -machinery. 
refrigeratingJ 


Special  Machinery  to  Order. 

AERIAL    WIRE    ROPEWAYS. 

(7u:caa  Pattnc  System) 

SINGLE,   ENDLESS    TRAVELING   ROPE. 

Elevated  on  Wooden  Po8ta,  from  150  to  200O  feet  apart, 
conveyinii  Bucbeta  of  Ore,  Coal,  Wood,  etc 


No  Possibility  of  liOad  Slipping:.' 

Cheapest  Foria  of  Transportation. 


No  road   needed;    can  be  run  vertically.    No  power 
needed  if  angle  of  descent  ba  more  than  8  aegrees. 


CAX  SPAN   GULCHSS   3000   FEET  WIDE. 


Rock  Drilling  and  Air  Compressing 
Machinery 

For  TUNNELS,  QUARRIES,  MINES,  RAILROADS 

And  Wherever  Ore  and  Bock  are  to  be  Drilled  and  Blasted, 

tS'  SEND    FOK    NEW    CATALOGUE    OF    1889.  "as 


RAND    DRILL  CO., 

23  Park  Place,  New  York,  U.  S.  A. 


L.  C.  MABSHDTZ 


X.  G.  OANTRBLL. 


NATIONAL  IRON  WORKS 

N.  W.  Corner  Main  and  Howard  Sts.,  San  Francisco, 

MANUFACTURERS    OF 

Stationary  and  Compound  Engines,  Flour.  Sugar,  Saw 
and  Quartz  M\  Machinery. 

AMALGAMATING  MACHINES.     CASTINGS  AND  FORCINGS  ^''/^Jiytl^n 

ALL    WORK    TESTED    AND    GUARANTEED. 

IMPROVED    PORTABLE    HOISTING    ENGINES. 


NATIONAL  ROCKER  QUARTZ  MILL. 

KENDALL'S  PATENT.  AUGUST  24,  1888. 

MARSHUTZ  &  CANTRELL,  Sole  Manufacturers. 

The  Patentee  and  Manufacturers 
cordially  invite  miners  to  critically 
examine  and  pass  judgment  upon 
this  improved  system  of  milling 
and  amalgamating  ores  in  the  fol- 
lowing particulars: 

1.  The  cost  is  less  than  one-half  of 
stamps  of  same  capacity- 

2.  The  freight  to  mine  is  less  than 
one-half  of  stamps. 

3.  The  cost  of  erecting  is  less  than 
one-fourth  of  stamps. 

4.  The  power  to  drive  itis  less  than 
one-half  of  stamps. 

5.  The  wear  is  less  than  one-quar- 
ter of  stamps. 

6.  There  is  no  wear  except  on 
shoes  and  dies. 

7.  In  point  of  amalgramation  it  Is 
superior  to  any  other  machine 
in  use. 

8.  In  itssimplicity  of  construction. 

We  challenge  competition  with 
^:^"  Stamps,  Ball   Pulverizers  or  and 

other  ore  crushing  maohines  now 
=  -  before  the  public. 

i^Send  for  Circulars  and  Price  List.  MARSHUTZ    &    OANTRBLL. 


LIDGERWOOD  M'P'G  CO 


MANTIFACTORBRB     OF 


HOISTING  ENGINES 


Str:es  aEi  sizes,  Over  60 

96  Libert>'  St,  New 
York. 

"^         34  &  30  West  Monroe 
\  St. ,  Chicago, 

1    197  to  203  Congress  St., 
Boston. 

'  PARKE  &TaCY  CO., 

Agents, 
San  Francisco,  Cal. 
Send  for  Catalogue. 


ESTABLISHED    1866. 


Pacific  Chemical  Works. 

HENRY    G.    HANKS, 

Practical  and  Indnstrial  Chemist,  Assayer 
and  Geologist, 

718  MONTGOMERY  ST., 


SAN  FRANCISCO. 


jCyWill  report  on  the  condition  and  value  of  any  mining  property  on 
the  Pacific  Coast.  Rare  Chemicals  made  to  order.  Instructions  given  in 
Assaying  and  Practical  Chemistry 


Manufactured  from  strictly  first-class  Flax  and  pure  lubricants.  Sup°rior  to  all  others  for  water  and  steam.  Pack- 
with  less  friction  and  makes  a  tighter  joint  than  any  other  packing  made.  ^  Imitations  of  inferior  quality  bav- 
in"- been  put  upon  the  market,  we  have  been  compelled  to  adopt  the  above  trade-mark,  and  all  of  our  packing  will 
now  have  a  KED  CORD  running  through  the  center  its  entire  length.  See  that  you  get  it  and  take  no  other.  Sold 
by  all  Hardware  dealers.  Price,  50  cents  per  pound.  W.  T.  X.  SCHENCK,  Sole  Manufacturer.  333  and 
324  Market  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


PERFECXPULLEYS 

First  Premium  Awarded  at  Mechanics'   Fair,    1884. 
O  Xi  C3  V     eft?     IVX  :E3  £3  S  £3  , 

Sole  Licensed  Manufacturers  of  the 

MEDART    PATENT    WROUGHT    EIM    PULLEY 

For  the  States  of  California,  Oregon  and  Nevada,  and  the  Territories  of  Idaho,  Washington 

Montana,  Wyoming,  Utah  and  Arizona.      Lightest,  Strongest,  Cheapest  and 

Best  Balanced  Pulley  in  the  World.      Also  Manufacturers  of 

SHAFTING,    HANGERS    AND    APPURTENANCES. 

iarSvSD  FOR  ClROUIiAHS  AMD  PrIOB  LlBI.'^l 

NOB,  129  and  J81  FBBMONT  STEBBT  BAN    FRANOISOO,  OAL. 


PAT   Out      5    1881, 


April  26,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


289 


AMALGAMATING  MACHINERY. 

sump  Mills  lor  Wei  or  Dry  Cfushlng. 
Huntington  Centrifugal  Quartz  Mill.  Drying 
Cylinders,  Amalgamating  Pans,  Settlers, 
Agitators  and  Concentrators.  Retorts.  Bul- 
lion and  Ingot  Moulds,  Conveyors.  Elevators, 
Bruckners  and  Howell's  Improved  White's 
Roasting  Furnaces,  Etc,  ^^i^^HHH^lH^^^^HHHHH 

IMPROVED  CORLISS  v^l^^e^sV^Im    ENGINES. 


FRASER  &  CHALMERS, 

MINING  MACHINERY 


CONCENTRATING  MACHINERY. 


BOILERS 


Blake,  Dodge  and  Comet  Crushers,  Cornish 
Crushing  and  Finishing  Rolls.  Hartz  Plunger 
and  Collom  Jigs.  Frue  Vanncr  &  Embrey 
Concentrators,  Evans'.  Calumet,  Collom's 
and  Rittengcr's  Slime  Tables.  Trommels. 
Wire  Cloth  and  Punched  Plates.  Ore  Sam* 
pic    Grinders  and  Hcberle  Mills. 


HORIZONTAL.    VERTICAL 
.  .  .  AND  SECTIONAL.  .  .  . 


TVis:^^.c3i'vmx^    STMikisflE    Siii^jk:DaiiF'& 


Hoisting  Engines, 
Safety  Cages, 

Safety  Hooks, 

Ore  CARS,  Water  &  Ore 
BUCKETS, 

Air  Compressors,  )l 

Rock  Drills,  Etc.         |\> 

GENERAL  MILL  AND       ''^'^ 

MINING  SUPPLIES 

Sectional  Machinery 

FOR 

\IULE-BACK 

TRANSPORTATION. 


Pumping  Engines 

and  Cornish 

Pumping  Machinery, 

IMPROVED 
WATER    JACKET 

Biast  Furnaces  for 
Galena  &  Copper  Ores, 


-    #.f7N    SLAG  CARS  AMD  POTS, 


Roots  &  Baker 
Pressure  Blowers, 

SUSPENDED 

TRAMWAYS. 


General  OfHces  and  Works:     FULTON  AND  UNION   STS.,  CHICAGO,   iLL. 


BRANCH  OFFICES; 


NEW  YORK,  Room  43,  No.  2  Wall  St.        DENVER,  COLO.,  1316  Eighteenth  St.       SALT  LAKE  CITY,  UTAH, 
7  W.  Second  South   St.      LONDON,  ENC,  23  Bucklersbury,  E.  C.      CHIHUAHUA  CITY,   MEXICO,  No.  II 
Calle  ae   Juarez.        LIMA,  PERU,  South  America.        JOHANNESBURG,  TRANSVAAL,  South  Africa. 

SOLB    WESTERN    AGENTS    FOB    TYLER    WtKB    WORKS    DOUBLE    OBIMPPD    MINING    CLOTHS. 


THE     FELTOIT     WATER     T77HEEL 

GIVES    THE    HIGHEST    EFFICIENCY    OF    ANY    WHEEL    IN    THE    WORLD. 


#"-..<. 
^ 


OVER  800  ALREADY  IN  USE. 

Affords  the  Moat  Simple  and  Reliable  Power  for  all 
Mining  and   Manufaotaring  Machinery. 

Adapted  to  heads  runniiig  from  20  up  to  2,000  feet. 

From  12  to  20  per  cent  better  results  guaranteed  than 
can  be  produced  from  any  other  Wheel  in  the  Country. 

ELECTRIC  TRANSMISSION. 

Power  rom  these  Wheels  can  be  transmitted  long 
distances  with  small  loss,  and  is  now  extensively  used  in 
all  parts  of  the  conntry  for  generatiog  both  power  and 

light. 

APPLICATIONS 

Should  state  amount,  and  head  of  water,  power  required, 
and  for  what  purpose  ;  with  approximate  length  of  pipe ; 
also,  whether  the  application  is  with  reference  to  Wheels 
or  Motors  described  below.     SEND  FOR  CIRCULARS. 

The  Pelton  Water  Wheel  Co. 

121  UAIir  SX„  SAIf  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 


03Nr      '^J%7'JSJr:ElJEL       I^/X0T0H.S- 


Varying  from  the  fraction  of  1  up  to  15  and  20-horae  power.     Unequaled   for   all   light-runnine  machinery.     Warranted  to  develop  a  given 
amoant  of  power  with  one-half  the  water  required  by  any  other,     im-  SEND  FOR  MOTOR  CIRCULAR.     ADDRESS  AS  ABOVE. '^ 


JAMBS    LBFFBL'S 

Mining  Turbine  Water  Wheel. 

These  Wheels  are  designed  for  all  purposes  where  limited  quantities  of  water  and 
hig'h  heads  are  utilized,  and  are  gruaraateed  to  give  more  power  with  less  water  than 
any  other  wheel  made.  Bein^  placed  on  horizontal  shaft,  the  power  is  transmitted 
direct  to  shafting  by  belts,  diapeDsing  with  gearing. 

Estimates  furnished  on  application  for  wheels  specially  built  and  adapted  in 
capacity  to  suit  any  particular  case. 

Further  information  can  be  obtained  of  this  form  of  construction,  as  well  as  the 
ordinary  Vertical  Turbines  for  Wooden  Penstocks  and  in  Iron  Globe  Cages,  free  of  cost, 
by  applying  to  the  manufacturers. 


JAMES 
Springfield,  Ohio, 


LEFFEL    &    OO., 

or  110  Liberty  St.,  New  York, 


FBASEB    js    CHALMERS,  General  Agents, 

Ohlcagro,  111-,  and  Denver,  CoL 

PARKB    A    LACY,  General  Agents,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


CALIFORNIA    IRON  YARD. 

HENRY  J.  ROGERS  &  OO. 

Successors  to  CHAS.  CALLAHAN 


lUPORTBRS  AND   DEALBRB   IN 

CAST  and  WROUGHT  IRON  SCRAP 

SECOND-HAND    BOII.£R8 

AND  OLD  MACHINERY 

01  every  deeorlption. 

Tie  Hlilest  Price  nail  for  all  MMs  ol  Metals, 

OpFioB  AND  Yard:    128  and  130  Folsom  St.,S.  F. 

Telephone  No.  67. 


California  inventors 


Should  commit 
DBWEY&CO 
AME  R  I  CAN 

AND  FoKKiON  Patknt  SoLU'iToRs,  fot  obtaining  Patents 
and  Caveats.  Estiiblished  in  13G0.  Their  long  experience  as 
joumahsts  and  largo  practice  aa  Patent  attomeya  enables 
them  to  offer  Pacitic  Coast  Inventors  far  better  aurvloe  than 
they  can  obtain  elsewhere.  Send  for  free  oiroularB  of  infor- 
mation. Office  of  the  Mining  and  Soientipio  Press  aod 
VLOivia  Bttbal  Prbsb  No.  330  Market  S.,  San  rranclHOc. 
Elevator,  13  Fiont  at. 


THOMAS  PRICE  &  SON, 

Assay  Ofllce,  Chemical  Laboratory, 

BULLION  ROOMS  and  ORE  FLOORS, 

524  Sacramento  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

COIN  RETURNS  ON  ALL  BULLION  DEPOSITS  IN  24  HOURS. 

WORKING    TESTS    OF    ORES    BY    ALL    PROCESSES. 

SPECIAL  ATTENTION  PAID  TO  CONCENTRATION  OF  ORES. 
Ores  Received  on  Oonsignment,  Sampled,  Assayed,  and  Disposed 
Of  in  the  Open  Market  to  the  Highest  Bidder. 


ffletalllirgy  aiid  Ore3. 


SELBY 

SiVIELTING  and  LEAD  CO.. 

416  Montgomery  St.,  San  Francuco. 

GOLD    AND    SILVER    REFINERY 
And  Assay  Office. 

Elighest  Prices  Paid  for  Gold,  Silver  and 
Lead  Ores  and  Solphorets. 

lUKUl'ACrruHKRa  or 

BLUESTONE, 

LEAD  PIPE, 

SHEET  LEAD, 

SHOT,  Etc.,  Etc. 

ALSO  UANnFAOTITRKitfl    OP 

Standard    Shot-Gun    Cartridges, 

Under  Cbamborlin  Patent 


JOHN  TAYLOR  &  CO.. 

IHPORTKRS   AND   DBALBRa   IN 

ASSAYERS'    MATERIALS,     MINE 
AND  MILL  SUPPLIES, 

ALSO  CHEMICALS,  AND    PHYSICAL.  SCHOOL    AND 

CHEMICAL  APPARATUS. 
63  &  65  First  St.,  cor.  Mission,  San  Francisco. 
Ay,.-^      We  would  call  the  attention  of 


Assayers,  ChomlBts,  Mining  Com-  '^^^^■^M^-^^^^ 
panieB,  Milling:  Companiea,  Pros-    \sk\teRSE^ 
pectors,  etc.,  to  our  full  stock   of      V_  --1^^ 
Balances,   FuroaceB,    Muffles,  Craciblee,    Scori- 
flera,    etc,    includiag,   also,  a   full    stock    of 
Chemicals. 

Having  been  engaged  in  furnishing  these  sup- 
plies alno<  the  fljst  discovery  of  minea  on  the 
Pacific  Coast,  we  feel  confident  from  our  experi- 
ence we  can  well  suit  the  demand  for  these 
goods,  both  aa  to  quality  and  price. 

Agenta  for  the  Morgan  Crucible  Co., 
Battereca,  England.  Also  for  £.  O.  Dennis- 
ton's  Silver  Plated  Amalgam  Plates.  The  plates 
of  this  well-known  manufacturer  are  thoroughly  relia- 
ble, and  full  weight  of  Silver  guaranteed.  Ordoia  taken 
at  hia  lowest  prices.  Our  Illustrated  Catalogue  and  As 
say  Tables  sent  free  on  application. 

JOHN  TAYLOR  ft  OO. 


Nevada  Metallurgical  Works, 

NO.  23  STEVENSON  STREET. 

Near  First  and  Market  Streets,  S.  P. 

C.  A.  LuoEHARDT,  Manager.  E8TAbi.ibhhd  1808 

Ores  worked  by  any  Prooess. 

Ores  Sampled, 

Assaying  in  all  its  Branches. 

Analyses  of  Ores,  Minerals,  Waters,  eto. 

Working  Tests  (practical)  Made. 

Plans   and   Specifications   furnished   for   the 
most  suitable  Process  for  Working  Ores, 

Special  attention  paid   to  Examinations  of 
Mines;  Plans  and  Reports  furnished. 

O.  A.  LUOKHARDT  &  00^ 
(Formerly  Huhn  &  Luckhardt. 

UlDlns  EnsineerB  and  Metallurff tats . 


GREAT    REDUCTION! 
BATTERY    SCREENS. 

Best  and  Clieapest  In  America. 

No  imitation,  no  deception,  no  planished  or  rotten 
Iron  used.  Only  genuine  Russia  iron  In  Quartz  Soreena. 
PlaDisbcd  Iron  screena  at  nearly  half  my  former  rates. 

I  have  a  large  supply  of  Battery  Screens  on  hand 
suitable  for  the  HuntiugtOD  and  all  Stamp  Mills,  which  I 
will  sell  at  20  per  cent  discount. 

PERFORATED  SHEET  METAL 

For  Flour  and  Rice  Mills,  Graia  Soparatora,  Revolving 
and  Shot  Screens,  Stamp  Batteries  and  all  kinds  of  Min 
Ing  and  Milling  Machinery.  Iron,  Steel,  Copper,  Brass. 
Zinc  and  other  metalp  punched  for  all  uses. 

Inventor  and  Manufacturer  of  the  celebrated  Slot  Cut 
or  burred  and  Slot  Punched  Screens. 

Mining  Screens  a  specialty,  from  No.  I  to  15  (fine). 
Orders  promptly  attended  to. 

San  Francisco  Pioneer  Screen  Works, 

Zil  &,  223  First  St.,  San   Francisco,  Cal. 

JOHN  TV.  QUICK,  Proprietor. 


WINCHESTER  HOUSE. 


41  Third  Street, 


San  Francisco,  Cal, 


This  Fire  proof  Brick  Building  ia  centrally  located,  in 
the  healthiest  part  of  the  city,  only  a  half  block  from  the 
Grand  and  Palace  Hotels,  and  close  to  all  Steamboat  and 
Kallroad  OHices, 

Laund  ry  Free  for  the  use  of  Families. 


HOT  AND  COIiD  BATHS  FREE. 


Terms,  Board  and  Room,  $1.00  per  Day 

And  Upward, 

Rooms  with  or  without  Board, 

Free  Coach  to  the  Hoaae 


290 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[April  26,  1890 


II]aRKET    l^EPOF^TS. 


Local  Markets. 

San  Francisco,  April  24, 1890. 

Trade  in  alt  branches  continues  free.  With  the 
foundrymen  there  appears  to  be  a  better  feeling,  ow- 
ing to  their  being  more  successfnl  in  securing  mold- 
ers.  It  now  looks  as  if  they  will  be  soon  in  full 
running  condition,  which  will  enable  them  to  accept 
all  orders  sent  at  far  more  sati<;factory  figures  to  all 
in  interest  than  previous  to  the  iron-molders'  strike. 
It  is  very  generally  claimed  that  more  mining  ma- 
chinery will  be  wanted  this  year  than  for  several 
years  past.  It  is  also  claimed  that  the  requirements 
for  other  machinery  and  ironwork  are  of  a  very 
promising  character. 

The  local  money  market  is  reported  easy,  with  no 
decided  call  for  funds  for  any  particular  purpose; 
while  remittances  are  quite  free.  The  more  favor- 
able consideration  of  Congress  looking  toward  re- 
monetizing  silver  is  having  a  favorable  influence. 
When  enacted  into  a  law,  it  will  revive  speculation 
and  also  many  languishing  industries. 

MEXICAN  DOLLARS— The  market  is  dull  but 
firm  at  79Ji@79J^c. 

Mexican  dollars  to-day  are  quoted  at  79X  to  80 
cents  strong. 

SILVER— The  market  abroad  made  quite  an  up- 
ward move,  due  to  the  favorable  action  01  the  Con- 
gressional Committee  having  the  Silver  bill  in  charge. 
It  set  back  again  at  the  first  signs  of  disagreement, 
only  to  recover  with  an  amicable  understanding  ar- 
rived at.  The  Republican  caucus  has  agreed  on  a 
plan  of  action,  viz.;  the  purchasing  monthly  of  4,'- 
500,000  ounces  of  silver  at  the  market  price  thereof, 
not  exceeding  $1  for  371.25  grains  of  pure  silver, 
and  issuing  in  payment  Treasury  notes  of  the 
United  States  in  denominations  of  not  less  than  ffi 
nor  more  than  $1000;  the  Treasury  notes  to  be  re- 
deemable on  demand  in  lawful  money  of  the  United 
States.  The  legal-tender  quality  of  the  notes  is  re- 
stricted to  the  payment  of  customs  dues  and  pubUc 
debts,  and  shall  be  counted  as  part  of  the  reserves 
of  the  National  banks.  A  holder  of  the  notes  can 
upon  demand  receive,  in  lieu  of  coin,  silver  bullion 
at  its  market  value  on  the  day  when  the  demand  is 
made.  Several  Republican  members  favor  free 
coinage,  and  unless  still  more  favorable  action  is 
secured  to  the  silver  interest  of  the  country,  they 
may  act  with  the  Democrats  in  passing  a  free-coin- 
age Act. 

With  the  Comstock  ore  going  largely  gold  and 
favorable  legislation  on  silver  by  Congress,  the  Eu- 
ropean nations  will  undoubtedly  be  more  favorably 
disposed  toward  the  metal. 

The  Mint  the  past  week  paid  $i.or  an  ounce, 
then  dropped  to  99  cents,  advanced  again  to  $1,  and 
to-day  pays  $1.01,  with  a  rising  tendency.  London 
was  cabled  to-day  47d,  and  New  York  came  through 
at  $1.05.  This  latter  price  is  above  the  English 
parity.  The  parity  in  our  (San  Francisco)  market 
is  from  $1.03  to  $1.03^^.  The  advance  in  New 
York  is  largely  due  to  an  active  speculation  in  silver 
warrants,  which  have  been  dead  for  at  least  four 
years.  It  is  claimed  by  those  who  are  in  position  to 
know  that  the  New  York  market  for  silver  warrants 
will  advance  to  still  higher  figures,  probably  to  $1.10, 
before  there  is  much  ol  a  set-back. 

QUICKSILVER— Receipts  the  past  week  aggre- 
gated 494  flasks.  The  market  continues  to  hold 
strong,  with  a  good  demand  ruling. 

BORAX — Receipts  the  past  week  aggregated  567 
ctls.  The  market  is  fairly  steady,  with  a  good  de- 
mand ruling  from  the  East. 

LIME— Receipts  the  past  week  aggregated  6384 
bbls.  The  home  demand  continues  quite  active, 
necessitating  free  receipts.  Quotations  are  un- 
changed. 

LEAD— The  market  is  reported  unchanged. 
Eastern  advices  are  unsatisfactory.  This  denotes 
more  or  less  uncertainty  in  the  near  future. 

COPPER — With  better  mountain  transportation 
facilities,  the  receipts  ought  to  show  some  increase 
at  the  seaboard  ports.  The  market  has  ruled  fairly 
steady.  In  this  country  the  consumption  is  still 
quite  large.  London  cables  report  the  market  has 
been  affected  by  the  depression  prevailing  in  the 
general  metal  trade,  and  the  business  in  merchant 
bars  is  slow.  Consumers  are  buying  other  sorts 
than  Chili  bars,  owing  to  slack  deliveries  of  the  lat- 
ter. The  large  quantity  held  by  outside  French 
financiers  is  being  absorbed.  Large  holders  will 
not  sell  below  ;^5o. 

IRON — With  cheapening  markets  abraad  and  at 
the  East,  and  freights  not  so  stiff,  our  market  begins 
to  show  an  easier  tone.  The  consumption  is  begin- 
ning to  show  a  steady  increase  as  more  mold- 
ers  are  secured  by  the  foundrymen.  The  London 
cable  to  the /?-(?// ^^£  of  April  17th  reports  as  fol- 
lows: There  has  been  a  further  serious  decline  in 
prices  of  warrants,  due  to  heavy  realizations  on  the 
part  of  holders.  Scotch  sold  down  Tuesday  at  45s. 
yd.  and  closed  at  455.  iid.  Middlesbrough  dropped 
to  455.  yd.  and  Hematites  to  S4S.  id.  To-day  there 
were  sales  at  46s.  for  Middlesbrough  and  54s.  6d. 
for  Hematites. 

Quotations  to  April  6th  of  Scotch  pig  are  as  fol- 
lows: 

No.  1  Coltnesa,        I.  o.  b.  Glasgow 703.  6cl. 

No.  1  Summerlee,        "  "  703. 

No.  I  Oartalierrie,        "  "  608 

No   1  Lmgloan,  "  "  709. 

No.  1  Carobroe,  "  "  49a. 

No.  1  ShOLts,  "        nt  Leitli 71b. 

No.  1  uleugarncck,      "    Ardrodsan 70a. 

No.  1  DaliiiolUogtOD,  "  "  60a. 

No.  1  Egliiiton  "  "  493.  CJ. 

Since  writing  the  above  on  iron,  a  more  thorough 
canvass  of  the  iron  market  shows  that  there  are  only 
about  1000  tons  in  first  hands,  which  is  firmly  held. 
The  feeling  with  holders  is  bullish.  The  imports 
the  past  week  were  400  tons  pig  iron  from  England. 

TIN— The  market  is  fairly  steady  at  unchanged 
quotations.  English  advices  report  an  easier  market. 

COKE— Imports  the  past  week  aggregate  750 
tons.  <i  The  market  is  steady,  with  holders  firm. 

COAL — Imports  the  past  week  aggregate  as  fol- 
lows; Coos  Bay.  1150  tons;  Puget  Sound,  1200; 
Comox,  4200;  Seattle,  3259;  Nanaimo,  2308;  De- 


MINING    SHAREHOLDERS'    DIRECTORY. 

COMPILBD  EVBRY  THURSDAY    FROM  ADVHRTlSBMBNTfi  IN  THB  MINING  AHD  SCIBNTIFIC  PEESS  AKD  OTHBR  S.  F.   JotTRNALS 

ASSESSMENTS. 


Company. 

Acme  M  &  M  Oo California.  .10,. 

Alabama  M  Co... Nevada..  1.. 

Alpha  O0L13  M  Co Nevada..  4.. 

Andes  a  M  Co Nevada.. 36.. 

Bailey  M  Co Nevada . .  1 . . 

Confidence  S  M  Co Nevada.. 15.. 

Cons  Impeiial  M  Co Nevada. . 27 . . 

Del  Monie  M  Co Nevada  .3.. 

East  Best&  Belcher  M  Co.. ..Nevada 1.. 

Eureka  Cons  Drift  M  Co California.. 1.. 

Gold  Hill  M  Co California..  9.. 

Hale  &  Norcross  M  Co Nevada.. 95.. 

Hartford  MOo Nevada..  7.. 

Holmes  M  Co Nevada.. 11.. 

Humboldt  M  Co Nevada..  1.. 

Indian  Creek  M  Co Caliform'a..  1.. 

Martin  White  M  Co Nevada.. 23.. 

Mai fiowei- Gravel  M  Co California.. 46., 

Navajo  M  Oo Nevada . . 20. . 

North  Belle  Isle  M  Co Nevada.. 17.. 

North  Commonwealth  M  Co Nevada..  Z., 

North  Occidental  M  Co Nevada. .  2. , 

Ophir  M  Co Nevada.. 11.. 

i'eerlessM  Co Arizona..  5.. 

Potosi  M  Co N evada . . 34. . 

Quaker  GM  Co California.. 18.. 

bilver  Hill  M  Co Nevada.  .26. . 

Standard  Cone.  M  Co California. .  2. . 

Union  Cons  M  Oo Nevada, 

Utah  Cons  M  Co Nevada 


Location.  No.  Am't.  Lsvied.    Dblinq't. 
.Mar  20.... May  15. 

Mar  IS... .Apr  22.. 


.Apr 
.Apr  10. 
.Mar  18. 
.Mar  12, 
.Apr  17. 
.Apr  16,, 
,  Feb  11. 


,  .May  16, 
..May  14, 
..Apr  22. 
. ,  AQr  16, 
..May  22. 
..May  2d., 
,.Mar  14. 


Sale,     Secretary.  Puacb  of  Bubinbss. 

. .  June   9,  .J  M  Buffiogton 3!)3  CaUfomia  St 

..May  IS-.'WH  Watson 302  Montgomery  8t 

..June  5. .OS  EUiott 309  Montgompry  St 

. ,  June  3 . .  J  J  Hawkins 309  Montgomery  St 

...May  13..  W  H  Watson 303  Montgomery  St 

..May  7..A  gj  Groch 414  California  St 

..June  11,. CL  McCoy 3:i9  Pine  St 

.June  13.. J  W  Pew 310  Pine  St 

Mar  31 . .  C  H  Mason 331  Montgomery  St 


Mar  16. 
Mar  18. 


.Apr  17.. 
,  .Apr  22. . 


10,  .Mar  12,...  Apr  14,. 
25., Feb    12,...Mar31.. 


..40.. 


50.. Mar    8.. 
50..  Apr     8.. 
20..  Apr    S.. 
25..  Apr  16.., 
6. .Mar  31.. 
25. .Mar  12.. 
10.. Mar  28., 
50.  Mar  27.. 
20.. Mar    8. 
20. .Apr  14...,May2 
25. .Mar     4..,,Apr  14... 
25, .Mar    5. ...Apr  10.. 


.Apr  10.. 
..May  15.. 
..May  14.. 
..May  21,, 

..May  5.. 
..Apr  17.. 
..Apr  30.., 
..Apr  30... 

..Apr 


Feb    24.... Apr    5... .  Apr  28..W  H  Eabe 224  Montgomery  St 

Apr  17 May  24... June    1U..0  A  GroBS Phelan  Block 

Apr     9 May  14..,. June  5,.A  B  Toompson 309  Montgomery  St 

Apr     8.... May  15...,  June  6.. J  Herrmann ....303  Oalifornia  St 

■ May  8    C  E  Elliott 309  Montgomery  St 

May  13.  .W  H  Watson 302  Montgomery  Sa 

..Mayl4..S0  Mills 419  California  St 

. Apr  30.. A  B  Cooper 325  Montgomery  St 

.May  1,.J  Morizio 328  Montgomery  St 

.June  6.,J  WPew 3l0  Pine  St 

.  June  5. .  J  W  Pew 310  Pine  St 

June  25..J  WPew 310  Pine  St 

, .  May  26 . .  W  H  Watson 302  Montgomery  6t 

.May    8.. OS  Elliott. 309  Montgomery  St 

,  June  9..  A  Waterman 308  Montgomery  St 

May  21 .  .0  E  Elliott 309  Montgomery  St 

.May  5.  .A  Cheminant 328  Montgomery  St 

..June  11,. D  C  Bates 309  Montgomery  St 

.May  19..  J  W  Pew 310  Pine  St 

.Apr  30.  .J  M  Euffington... 303  California  St 

25. .Mar  11, ...Apr  17...  May  5..AHFi8h 309  Montgomery  St 

MEETINGS  TO  BE  HELD. 
Name  of  OoMPAur.  Looatton.    Sboretaey  Opfioe  in  S.  F.  Meeting  Date 

Church  G  M  Co California.  .J  M  Buffington  303  California  St Annual May  5 

Diana  GM  Co California..  J  WPew 330  Pine  St Annual May  6 

Morgan  M  Co     L  O  Bresse 233  Montgomery  St  Annual May  3 

Natoma  M  &  MOo i California.  ,D  H  Ward .5r8  California  St Special May  1 

Teresa  M  Co A  Cheminant 328  Montgomery  St Annual Apr  30 

Justice  MCo Nevada.. RE  Kelly 414  California  St Annual May    5 

Volcano  Hydraulic  M  Co California.. M  Casey 508  California  St Annual May   7 

LATEST  DIVIDENDS— WITHIN  THREE  MONTHS. 
Name  of  Oompant.  Looation,     Seoeetaby.  Office  in  S.  P,  Amount.  Payablb 

Champion  M  Co California.,!' Wetzel 522  Montgomery  St 10 Jan  20 

Candeiaria  Cons  M  Co Mexico.. G  Gato 309  Montgomery  St 25 Apr  5 

Caledonia  M  C Nevada,  ,AS  Cheminant 328  Montgomery  St 08 Apr  1 

Con  California  &  Va  M  Oo Nevada,.  A  W  Havens 309  Montgomery  St 25 Feb  10 

Derbec  Blue  Gravel  M  Co California.. T  Wetzel 522  Montgomery  St 10 Apr  24 

Idaho  MCo California Grass  Valley 2  50 Mar  7 

Mt  Diablo  MCo Nevada,.  K  Heath 319  Pine  St 30 Oct  21 

Pacific  Borax  Salt  &  Soda  Co.  ..California.. A  H  Clough 230  Montgomery  St 1  00 Feb  10 


parture  Bay,  2350;  total,  14,467  tons.  For  loading 
two  brands  of  English  are  cheaper.  Australian  for 
prompt  loading  is  strong,  but  as  charters  are 
strengthening  here,  it  is  claimed  that  more  vessels 
will  be  likely  to  load  there  for  this  port,  so  as  to 
load  wheat  hence  for  Europe.  On  spot,  steam  and 
gas  coals  are  stiff,  but  household  coals  are  easy. 
The  consumption  of  the  latter  is  falling  off,  while 
that  of  the  lormer  is  increasing. 

Eastern  Metal  Markets. 

By  Telegraph. 

New  York,  April  24,  i8go. — The  following  are 
the  closing  prices  the  past  week: 
Silver  in    Silver  in 

London.  New  York.  Copper.     Lead.        Tin. 
Thursday,.  .46i  1  OOJ  $14  20       S3  85       $19  80 

Friday 48J  1  00^  14  20         3  85         19  70 

Saturday.... 46J  1  OOj  14  20         3  87^       19  80 

Monday 45^  99|  14  20         3  87*       19  95 

Tuesday 45j  984  1*20         3  37^       19  75 

Wedneadav..46  1  OOJ  14  20         3  87^        19  80 

New  York,  April  22, — Quicksilver  fairly  steady. 
Borax  is  firm.  Outside  of  the  deliveries  of  old  con- 
tracts nothing  in  copper;  Lake,  i4M@i4Mc;  bids 
rejected;  Arizona,  i3@i3Jic;  casting,  i2J^@i2^c. 
No  reaction  in  pig  lead;  $3.85,  $3.75  full. 

Mining  Sliare  Market. 

The  mining  share  market  for  the  Comstocks  set 
back,  with  slight  reactions  up  to  Monday,  when  the 
lowest  prices  were  reached.  Since  then  the  market 
has  gradually  strengthened,  with  no  particular 
stocks  in  the  lead.  The  movements  are  more  gen- 
eral than  at  any  time  since  the  first  signs  of  a  deal 
being  on  foot.  As  usual,  the  street  is  lull  of  rumors, 
with  the  bear  points  predominating.  While  we 
think  the  market  will  do  better,  yet  outsiders  will  do 
well  to  keep  in  mind  that  it  may  result  as  usual  in 
peddling  out  stocks,  and  then  letting  the  market  go 
down  again,  or  in  other  words,  an  assessment  deal. 

In  the  outside  stocks  the  Bodies  and  Quijotoas 
have  been  steady.  The  Tuscaroras  had  quite  an 
upward  move  under  a  reported  contest  for  the  con- 
trol of  Commonwealth,  Last  year  there  was  a  re- 
ported contest  for  Bodie.  The  stock  advanced,  but 
afterward  went  down  on  assessments  to  about  one- 
ninlh  what  it  sold  for  to  outsiders.  Election  con- 
tests are  dangerous  for  outsiders.  Holmes  advanced 
to  $4  a  share,  but  no  business  was  done,  owing, 
probably,  to  the  better-informed  knowing  that  a 
suit  is  still  pending  for  $2,000,000  damages,  brought 
against  the  company  by  Southern  Nevada. 

From  the  mines,  our  advices  are  favorable  from 
the  Quijotoas.  The  official  letters  from  the  Bodies 
report  a  large  amount  of  active  prospecting  going 
on.  From  the  Tuscaroras,  official  letters  are  still 
favorable.  From  the  Comstock,  reliable  advices  re- 
port quite  an  improvement  on  the  1600-foot  level  to 
the  west.  From  the  other  North  End  mines,  the 
work  going  on  is  said  to  be  of  an  important  charac- 
ter. In  Hale  &  Norcross  there  is  an  improvement 
on  the  1300-foot  level.  The  pulp  assays  are  higher. 
An  improvement  is  reported  in  Chollar.  In  Potosi 
it  is  said  that  they  will  soon  drift  for  the  ore  found 
in  sinking  the  winze.  The  official  letters  of  Confi- 
dence and  Challenge  are  of  the  same  character  as 
given  last  week.  They  will  commence  next  week 
putting  the  purap  in  place  in  Crown  Point,  to  pump 
out  the  mines  at  that  end. 

General  advices  from  the  Gold  Hill  mines  are 
favorable,  but  it  is  not  likely  that  the  manipulators 
will  let  much  leak  out  until  they  are  ready  to  sell 
stocks. 

The  official  letter  from  the  superintendent  of  the 
Kentuck  Mining  Co.,  Virginia,  Nevada,  reports 
active  prospecting,  with  fluttering  prospects  on  the 
900-foot  level,  and  that  in  the  winze  they  are  sinking 
below  the  95o-foot  level  they  are  still  in  ore.  The 
assays  range  from  $15  to  $72  a  ton. 

The  continued  advance  in  silver  gives  promise  of 
a  more  active  and  higher  stock  market. 

The  party  of  prospectors  who  invaded  the 
Navajo  reservation,  in  New  Mexioo,  in  search 
of  the  lost  Adams  mines,  have  reported  having 
found  such  rioh  mineral  indications  that  en- 
deavors are  to  be  made  to  seoure  the  passage  of 
a  bill  detaching  the  district  in  the  Carriso 
mountains  from  the  reservation. 


Table  of  Lowest  and  Highest  Sales  in 
S.  F.  Stock  Exchange. 


Name  of 

OOMPANT. 


Alpha 

Alta 

Andes 

Belcher 

Best  &  Belcher..., 

Bullion 

Bodie  Con 

Bulwer 

Commonwealth . , . 
Con.  Va.  &Oal.... 

Challenge 

Chollar 

Confidence 

Cod.  Imperial 

Caledonia 

Crown  Point 

Crocker ;., 

Del  Monte 

EureuaCoD 

Ex<jhequer 

Grand  Prize 

Gkiuldi  Curry 

Hale  &  Norcroas.. 

Julia 

JuBtice 

Kentuck 

Lady  Wash 

Mono 

Mexican 

Navajo 

North  Belle  lale... 

Nev.  Queen 

Occidental 

Ophir 

Overman 

Potosi 

Peerless 

Peer 


l.CO 

1.20 

..55 

2.05 

3.00 

1.10 

.50 

.20 

2  60 

4.40 

60 

3.20 

3.00 

40 

.25 

2.05 

25 

95 


S.B.&M 

Sierra  Nevada. . 

aUverHUl 

Scorpion , 

Union  Con 

Utab , 

Yellow  Jacket.. 


Wbkk 
Ending 
Apr.  3. 


2  80 
4.95 
1.9u 
5.00 
4.00 

.4i 

.3 
2  6! 

.35 
1.10 


,35 
3.25 


.70 

.65 

2,15 

3.65 


1.00 

4.15 

1. 10 

iAO 

.20 

.2U 

l.SQ 

1.35 

2.3'J 

.35 

.25 

2.30 


1.20 
.65 
1.25 
4.7U 
1  45 
5.50 


Week 

Week 

Ending 

Ending 

Apr.  10. 

Apr.  17. 

1  ns 

l.l.'i 

1  in 

1  4ft 

r.ih 

1  US 

1.2» 

J. 411 

.bh 

.til) 

fill 

.711 

•,i,(KI 

■/  41 

a  lb 

2  fift 

ii.as 

3  W 

3,2ft 

3. Bft 

].(lll 

1  m 

1,1ft 

1  W) 

s.=. 

fill 

70 

.ai 

aft 

« m 

•/  Hb 

a  wi 

a  .Sft 

4  4S 

5  37 

4  »s 

ft  na 

1  ra 

1  »5 

1  mi 

3.70 

:t.w 

fi  III 

3  as 

S  Ob 

:),H) 

4  a 

4,1111 

S.OO 

3-1 

■w 

411 

..bft 

■a 

3ft 

311 

,3b 

« lift 

a  Rh 

a  wi 

3  Ml 

m 

as 

31 

1  III! 

1  111 

«ft 

im 

;<.iHi 

m 

BS 

Bft 

01 

;<ii 

3S 

411 

bb 

1  Bh 

■/.  lib 

1  'lb 

B  2S 

•/.  m 

3  11 

a  ftii 

3  Ift 

.30 

41 

31) 

.41 

Lffi 

1  4[ 

1,3ft 

1  ..fti: 

.811 

«S 

1  lib 

1  2S 

311 

3ft 

3b 

4b 

3  m 

4  III 

3  Bll 

4   lb 

lb 

as 

iiii 

1  (III 

.ftll 

fil 

1  m 

MS 

1  lift 

1  fiS 

4.IKI 

ft  in 

4  ;«i 

b  III 

1  311 

1  4ft 

1  4b 

1,/.', 

3  4.'. 

B  III 

3  Bb 

fi  37 

'/Il 

ail 

,aft 

.15 

at 

ail 

3f 

l.Wl 

a  4<i 

a  (HI 

a  41 

1  3S 

1  .ftii 

1  3b 

1,7s 

«,V.i 

a,ai: 

2  fill 

a.sb 

3b 

,3.-) 

W 

aft 

Jft 

3' 

«.■« 

a  mi 

a  wi 

3,4ft 

.fill 

.7b 

,76 

1  ai 

2.20 

2.75 

2  55 

3.10 

Week 

Ending 

Apr.  21 

1  00 

1  as 

I.IS 

1  as 

4S 

BO 

a.  Ill 

a,  40 

a  «s 

3  .bb 

1  oil 

1  411 

.60 

.70 

2  SS 

3.0ft 

4  fill 

ft  ia 

2  1ft 

a  WI 

2, Kb 

4  ab 

b.ia 

b..'ill 

3b 

40 

2S 

2,:« 

2.70 

311 

Kb 

1  00 

4  00 

.fill 

.80 

4b 

fill 

1  .SO 

1.90 

a  :vi 

a  Kft 

as 

3ft 

1  ail 

1,40 

1  nil 

1  ab 

.3(1 

,40 

,4b 

3. OS 

3  BO 

.IS 

3ft 

1.00 

lib 

.«s 

.7b 

1  Ift 

1  4S 

3  70 

4,3ft 

1  30 

1  .SO 

2  SO 

4  ail 

:a 

.2ft 

as 

3b 

1  fiS 

a  311 

1  as 

1,40 

2  2ft 

a  7ft 

IS 

2ft 

.ail 

2ft 

a  4S 

a  7b 

HS 

I   10 

2.60 

a.85 

Sales  at  San  Francisco  Stock  Exchange. 


Thursday.  Apr.  24,  9:30  A.  m. 

200  Anaes 60c 

300  Alpha 1.10 

250  Belcher 2.30 

150  B.  &  Belcher 3.15 

100  BeUelsle bOc 

50  Bodie 65c 

700  BulUon 1.2u 

350  Buiwer 25c 

330  ChaUeuee 2.50 

950  Chollar 3.45 

250  Commonwealth. 3.35 

150  Crown  Point 2  65 

200  Con.  Imperial 40c 

50  Con.  Cal.  &  Va 4  7U 


250  Exchequer 65c 

100  G.&C 1.75 

100  Hale&  Nor 2.40 

100  Iowa  35c 

200  KentucK 1.05 

550  Mexican  3.40 

100  Occident 1.20 

250  Ophir 3.90 

400  Overman 1 .40 

300  Potosi 3.80 

200  Savage 1  90 

500  S.  B.  iM 1.35 

300  Sierra  Nevada 2.40 

100  Utah 95c 

200  Union 2.76 


Coal. 


TO  LOAD. 

Per  Ton.)  Per  Ton. 

Australian  ...     7  50  @  7  75|LehighLump..  16  50@17  00 

Liverpool  St'm    8  50  @ Cumberland  bk  16  00@ 

Scotch  Splint.     8  50  @  9  00  E^g,  hard 15  50@ 

Cardifi 9  00@  9  50| 

SPOT    FROM  YARD. 


Wellington §  9  00 

Qreta     8  50 

WeBtminsterBrymbo.    9  Oo 

Nanaimo 9  00 

Sydney 8  50 

Qilman 7  00 


Seattle 7  00 

Cooa  Bay 6  00 

Cannel 12  00 

Egg,  hard 18  00 

Cumberland,  In  sacks  15  00 
do.  bulk 14  00 


Bullion  Shipments. 

We  quote  shipments  since  our  last  and  shall  be 
pleased  to  receive  further  reports  : 

Eureka  Con.,  April  21,  $4000;  Mt.  Diablo,  23, 
$5985;  Savage,  ig,  $i8,ooo;  Hale  and  Norcross,  19, 
$2400;  Cons.  California  and  Virginia,  19,  $54,072. 

Don't  Fail  to  Write. 

Should  this  paper  he  received  by  any  eabacrlber  who 
does  not  want  It,  or  heymid  the  time  he  intends  to  pay 
for  it,  let  him  not  fall  to  write  ub  direct  to  stop  it.  A 
poBtal  card  (costing  one  cent  only)  will  gufflce.  We  will 
Dot  knowingly  aend  the  paper  to  any  one  who  does  not 
wish  It,  but  It  It  is  continued,  through  the  failure  of  the 
aubsoriber  to  notify  us  to  dteeontlnue  it,  or  some  Irre- 
iponalhle  p»rty  requested  to  stop  11,  we  shall  poelMrely 
demand  payment  (or  the  time  It  is  sent.  Look  OARBFnLLT 
AI  IQB  LABBI<  ON  TOUH  PAFBB. 


Our  Agents, 

OiTR  Fribnds  can  do  much  In  aid  of  onr  paper  and  the 
cause  of  practical  knowledge  and  science,  by  assisting 
Agents  in  their  labors  of  canvassing,  by  lending  their  in* 
fluenoe  and  encouraging  favors.  We  intend  to  send  none 
but  worthy  men. 

J.  C,  HoAo — San  Francisco. 

R.  G.  Baii,by— San  Frauciaeo. 

E.  B.  BucRMAN— Santa  Cruz  Co. 

Samuel  Clifp — San  Luis  Obispo  Co. 

C.  J.  WADB~San  Bernardino  Co. 

W.  W.  Thbobalds— Los  Angeles  Co. 

E.  B.  Taft— San  Joaquin  Co 

John  B.  HiLL~San  Diego  Co. 

E.  H.  Scharfflb— Caiaveras  and  Tuolumne  Co's. 

Frank  S.  Chapin— Colusa  and  Tehama  Cos 

W.  B.  Frost— Merced  and  Stanislaus  Co's. 

6bo.  Wilson — Sacramento  Co, 

T.  M.  Stackub— Sierra  Co. 

H.  Kellky — Modoc  Co. 

H.  B.  Parker— Del  Norte  Co. 

Wm.  H.  HiLLBAav — Oregon. 

fl.  G.  Parsons- Oregon. 

R.  G.  HD8TOH— Montana. 


Complimentary  Samples, 

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Mercantile  Register  for  Business  Reference. 

Original  in  its  design,  elegant  and  attractive  in  appeir- 
ance,  containing  acuurate  -nd  exhaustive  infoimation 
GTathered  from  reliable  sources  and  carefully  compiled  in 
sirictly  alphabetical  classiGcation,  the  embodiment  of 
simplicity,  with  its  cleanly  pages  giving  the  names  of 
the  moat  substantial  and  representative  business  firms 
standing  out  in  boldly  prominent  type  of  uniform  char- 
acter, there  being  none  of  the  objectionable  "  insert" 
leaves,  margin,  space  or  corner  cards,  that  are  a  con- 
stant source  of  annoyance  to  the  users  of  reference 
works,  and  stamp  the  majority  of  local  productions  aa 
catchpenny  advertisr  g  Bcbemes,  together  with  the  ex- 
teneive  circulation  claimed  for  the  work  by  its  propri- 
etors—the Register  Publishing  Company— proclaim  it  to 
be  without  doubt  the  most  valuable  reference  work 
issued  west  of  the  Rockies.  That  it  has  secured  a  firm 
hold  on  the  patronage  of  the  business  community  is  an 
estabhshed  fact,  as  thousands  of  signatures  in  their  pos- 
session will  attest,  while  it  enjoys  the  indorsem'nt  of 
the  press  and  all  who  understand  how  to  consult  its 
pages.  The  Pacific  Coast;  edition  of  the  "Mercantile 
Register"  is  published  in  two  volumes,  alternating  an- 
nually, the  northern  embiacing  every  banking  town  in 
tlie  States  of  California,  Montana,  Oregon,  Washington, 
and  the  Territories  of  Idaho  and  Wyoming;  the  southern 
the  States  of  California,  Colorado  and  Nevada,  together 
with  Arizona,  New  Mexico  and  Utah  Territories.  There 
are  also  five  special  sections  devoted  respectively  to  the 
banking,  edurational,  In  urance,  ho^el  and  newspaper 
interests  of  the  coDSt  -S,  F.  Chronicle,  March  28,  1890. 


Attention,    Southern    California 
JIVliners. 

WORKS  FOR  SALE. 

The  Works  are  situated  at  Daggett,  Cal.,  in  the 
Calico  Mining  District,  and  on  the  side-track  of  the 
Atlantic  and  Pacific  Railroad.  They  contain  a  first- 
class  so-horse  power  Engine  and  45-horse  power 
boiler,  with  Ore  Crusher  and  other  machinery,  Mill 
Scales,  Assaying  Outfit,  etc.,  all  nearly  new.  Also 
upon  the  premises  an  office  huilding  and  a  comfort- 
able dwelling-house  (portable).  The  above  can  be 
had  at  a  bargain.  Apply  to  GILLISPY  &  CHILDS, 
123  California  St..  San  Francisco. 


})ATENTH! 
Scientific  Press  Patent  Agency 
°fF¥s\fikli:-  220  ]Bai<ketSt..S.F. 


THE    ZANDER    LAMP-BURNER. 

No  Trouble  to  Put  In  the  Wick. 


This  Patented  Burner  has  a  slide- plate  b  on  the  wick- 
tube  B,  with  grooved  tlanges  h'.  The  slide-p'ate  is  re- 
moved from  the  tube  B  and  the  wick  inserted  through 
the  OQen  side,  the  wick  edges  being  easily  pressed  Id 
past  and  under  the  edges  of  the  tube.  The  slide-plate 
19  then  put  back,  fully  inclosing  the  wick.  With  this  it 
Is  unnecessEiry  to  force  the  wick  through  a  closed  tube 
and  past  its'  ratchet  wheels.  THIS  PATENT  IS  FOR 
SALE.  It  is  one  of  those  every-day-use  practical  inven- 
tions of  merit  that  will  toke.  Addrees  LOUIS  ZANDER, 
1223  Twenty-first  Avenue,  East  Oakland,  Alameda  Co. 


INVENTORS,     TAKE      NOTICE  I 

L.  petersonTmodel  maker, 

258  Market  St. ,  N.  E.  cor.  Front  (up  stairs),  San   Francaico 
Experimental  machinerj'  and  all  kinds  of  models.  Tin 
and  brasswork.    All  communications  strictly  confiden- 
tial. 


Apeil  26,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientifio  Press. 


291 


/l33e33[neiit  flotice^. 


AOMB  MILL  AND  MINING  COMPANY: 
locatiou  of  principal  plucu  of  Ijusioesa,  Han  Kran* 
ciflco.  C«liforniiL  Locatiou  uf  Works,  Amador  County, 
CilitorDia. 

Notice  l8  hereby  (rivoo,  that  at  a  meeting'  ot  the  Board 
of  Directors,  held  od  Ihu  '20tb  day  o(  March,  1890,  an 
aaeewnient,  No.  ]0,  ot  3  ceutt)  per  ahare,  was  lovlud  ui^od 
the  Capital  Stock  of  lliu  Corporation,  i>ayal>lu  im- 
[uediaEcIv  ID  United  Stated  UulU  Coin  to  the  Sucretary, 
at  the  ott'ice  of  the  c  ompanv.  Boom  U,  No.  ^03  Calltor- 
Dla  8tr«et,  San  FranciHcu,  CiUfornia. 

Any  stock  dpon  which  thla  a»8C8sment  shail  roiuain 
aopaid  on  the  15th  day  of  Muy,  ISOO,  will  he  delinquent, 
and  advertised  for  sale  at  puhl.c  auction;  and  ui)I'>»8 
i»>ment  IB  made  before,  wHl  be  Bold  on  MoNDAY,  THE 
9.h  1>AY  OK  JUNB,  18;w,  to  pay  thedohnqucnt  aa'^eas- 
mont,  together  with  the  uosta  of  adverllbing  and  expenses 
of  nsle. 

Uy  order  of  the  Board  ot  Ulrectore. 

J.  M.  BUFFINQTON,  Secretary. 
Otlice,  Room  11,  No,  303  CalUoroia  Street,  San  FiodcUco. 

Calif  ore  la. 


GOLD  HILL  MINING  COMPANY-Locatlon 
of  principal  place  of  buaiaesfl,  San  Francisco,  Cali- 
fornia; location  ot  worka,  Grass  Valley,  Nevada  Couuty, 
California. 

Nutice  is  hereby  given,  tliat  at  a  meeting  of  the  Board 
of  Liirectors.  hold  on  the  17th  day  of  April,  1S90,  an 
aseeseitient  {No.  9)  of  Twenty-live  Cents  per  sliare  was 
levied  upon  the  c»pltal  stock  of  the  Corporation,  payable 
Immediately,  in  Tutted  States  Cold  Coin,  to  the  Secre- 
t«r>'.  at  the  otiicu  of  the  Company,  Room  20,  Phelan 
Bull'ing,  San  Francisco,  California. 

Any  Btock  upon  which  tldb  aeaossment  shall  remain 
unpalil  on  t!io  Slth  day  of  May.  1S90,  will  bo  dellmiuent 
and  advoriifltd  for  sale  at  public  auction;  and  unless 
pavmont  Is  made  before,  will  be  aold  on  TUKsDAV.  the 
lOtli  day  of  Juno,  1S90,  to  pay  the  delinquent  assessment, 
toyuthur  with  costs  of  advurtising  aad  expensBB  of  Bale. 
By  order  of  the  Board  ot  Directors 

C.  A.  GROW,  Secretary, 
Ollicc,  Room   20,    Phelan    Building,  S*n  Francisco,  Cali- 
fornia. 


PRACTICAL 

Books  on  Mining 

AND  IRRIGATION. 


Descriptive  Catalogue  and  Circulars  of  Books  relating; 
to  Assaying,  Mining,  Electricity  and  Mechanical  Engineer- 
ing, sent  free  on  application. 

E.  &  F.  N.  SPON,  Publishers, 

12  Cortlandt  St.,  New  York. 


O. 


H.  EVANS    &  CO. 

(Succeasore  to  THOMSON  &  EVANS), 

110  and  112   Beale    Street,  S.  F. 

MACHINE  WORKS, 
I  Steam  Pumps,  Sieam  Engines 

and  bU  Unda  ol  MACHIKEBY. 


VAN   DUZEN'S 

STEAMjetPUMP 

For  Water  Supply  TanhH. 

For  Fire  Fanip  uii  Van!  or  S\rit«-h  Engines. 

For  KotiiKl  llouHi*  4^eiicral  Work. 

For  Draininf?  l*on(l>«,  Fitn.  Colter  Oains, etc. 

lU  SizeM.     S~  to  iS'73.     TliouMaiiflM  Lu  use. 

Write  for  Descriptivo  Pump  Circular,  v 

VAN  DUZEN  &  TIFT,  CINCINNATI,  O. 


GRANGER'S  ROLLER  STAMP  MILl 

Beats  them  all,   "Works  dry  ores.  jMakes  ef  en  gran- 
ulation.   Xo  dead  work,  hence  rainiroum  wear, 

A.  P.  GRANGER,  Denver,  Colo. 


GRANGER'S  DRY  ORE  SEPARATOR 

The  very  best.  Uses  no  water.  No  freezing  np. 
Saves  houling  waste.  Saves  high  percentage.  Send 
ioc  circulars. 

A.  P.  GKAiTGER,  Denver,  Colo. 


THE  RUSSELL  PROCESS  COMP'Y. 

TALCOTT  H.  RUSSELL,  Secretary, 
NEW  HAVEN  CONN. 

p.  O.  Box  496. 


Smelter  For  Sale  or  Exchange. 

One  50-ton,  wrought  iron,  water-jacket  Smelting  Fur- 
nace (36"x60"  at  the  tuyeres)  of  tlie  latest  design,  wi.h 
Crusher,  Blower,  Boiler,  Pumps,  Engines,  Tools,  and 
everything  complete  for  immediate  delivery,  and  only 
used  about  six  months.  Cheap  for  cash,  or  will  exchange 
for  interest  in  a  Lead-Silver  Mine,  or  erect  in  any  mining 
camp  that  will  guarantee  a  certain  output.  For  further 
particulars  address  Box  28.  Klkhom.  Montana. 


RUPTURE    AND     PILES. 

We  Positively  Cure  all  kinds  of  Rupture 
and  Rectal  Diseases,  no  matter  of  how  loag 
standing,  in  from  30  to  60  days,  without  the 

use  of  KNIFE,  DRAWING  BLOOD.  Ot  DETEN- 
TION FROM  BUSINESS.  Terms;  BTo  Cure, 
no  Pay;  and  no  Pay  until  Cured. 

If  afflicted,  come  and  see  us  or  send  s  amp  for 
namphlet.    Address: 
DRS.  POKTEBPIBIiD  &  LOSBY, 
838  Market  Street,     -       -     San  Francisco. 


RUBBER  FACTORY. 


Monarch   Belting. 


The  Piles  ot  this  Bolt  are 

UNITED  by  COTTON  RIVETS 

Which  hold  them  Qrmly  toyother. 

Each  Bivet  is  Independent 

And  Follows  the  Stretoh. 

THERE  ARE  NO  STITCHES 

TO  BREAK,  and 

The    Belt    has    a    Smooth 
Surface. 


tdlicatiopal. 


or 
ASSAYING    AND    CHEMISTRY. 

Rooms  46  &.  47,  1628  Montaomerv  St. 

■2d  Flo^r  Montt'omory  BVk.  |        San  Franciaco, 
Also,  Evening  Classes,  7  to  10  o'clock. 

JOHN  T.  EVANS,  M.  A.,  Principal. 


School  of  Practical,  Civil,  Mechanical  and 
MINING  ENGINEERING, 

Snrvenng,  Arctntecture,  Drawing  and  Assaying 

723    MARKET    STREET. 

Tiic  History  Building,  Sas  Francisco,  Cal. 

A.  VAN  DER  NATLLEN,  PresiUent. 

Assaying  of  Ores,  $25;  Bullion  and  Chlorination  Assay, 

$26;  Blowpipe  Assay.  $10.     Pull   course  ol  assaying,  f50. 

^^Send  for  circular. 


Hose,  Belting,  Packing,  Etc. 

ALL  KINDS  OF  RUBBER  GOODS  MADE  TO  ORDER  IN  A  FEW  HOURS. 

W  F.  BOWERS  &  CO..  409  Market  St..  San  Francisco. 


A  MIDDLE-AGED  MiN  BY  THE  NAME  OP  JOSEPH 
McLEARN,  Miner,  left  Nova  Scotia  17  years  ago  for 
California.  His  friends  would  be  thankful  to  any  person 
who  could  give  any  information  concorjiing  his  where- 
abouts.. 


^%7-^Ei     nvj: 


ivte; 


BY    USING  

WATER  POWER  TRANSMITTED  BY  ELECTRICITY 

To  Run  your   Mills,   Hoists   and   Trams. 

For  CircaUr  giving  particulars  Bend  to 

KEITH    ELECTRIC    CO., 

—  MANDrACTDKEKS   OF  — 

Apparatus  for  Electric  Light  and  Electric  Power 

OFFICE,  40  NEVADA  BLOCK, 

Factory,  Stevenson  St.,  bet.  First  and  Ecker,  SAN  FRAKGISCO,  CAL. 


FRISBEE-LUCOP  MILL  CO., 


-MANUPACTURBRS    OF- 


Centrifugal  Roller  Steel  Mills, 

FOR  PULVERIZING  ORES,  WET  OR  DRY, 

For  Amalgamation  or  Concentration,  and  far  Manufacture  of  Cement,  Fertilizers,  Faint, 
and  all  other  purposes  for  which  grinding  or  pulverizing  is  required, 

Send  for  Catal  gue  and  Price  Liet  to 

FRISBEB  -  LUCOP    MILL    CO., 

145    BROADWAY,    NEW    TOEK. 


GEORGE    GOODMAN, 

PATENTEE  AND  MANUFACTUKEB  OF 


IN     ALI,     ITS     BRANCHES. 

Schlllinger's  Patent  Side-Walk  and  Garden-Walk  a  Specialty. 

OFFICE,  307  MONTGOMERY  STREET,    NEVADA    BLOCK,    SAN    FBAN0I9CO,  OAL. 


ITlfiffiH 


BUSINESS     OOLLESaE, 

34  POST  ST.,  S.  F. 

FOB  SEVENTT-FITK  DOLLARS  THIS 
College  iDBtructa  !□  Shorthand,  Type  WrltlDg,  Book- 
ieeplDg,  Telegraphy,  Penmuiahlp,  Drawing,  all  the  £n- 
^llsn  braocbes,  and  everything  ptirtalnlng  to  bualness, 
for  elz  full  months.  We  have  sixteen  teachers,  and  give 
Individual  instruotloo  to  all  our  pupils.  Out  school  baa 
Its  graduates  in  every  part  of  th«  State. 

JOrSuro  FOR  GlEOUIiAB. 

E.  P.  HEALD.  Piealdent. 
O.  g.  HALKT.  Secretarv- 


RIX  86  FIRTH, 

225  and  227  First  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

Compressed  Air  and  Water  Power 
Machinery. 


KNIGHT'S  WATER  WHEEL, 

For  Mills,  Pumping  and  Hoisting. 

OVEB   300  IN   USB. 
All  estimates  guaranteed.   Send  for  Circalar. 


WATER  TANKS.    WINE  TANKS  I 

CALIFORNIA    WINE    COOPERAGE     CO. 

FULDA  BROS.,  Proprietors, 

30  to  40  Spear  St.,  San  Francisco. 

ALL  KINDS  OF  CASKS,  TANKS,  Etc. 
i^-SHip,  MtKiNQ,  and  Water  Tan&b  a  Specialty.*^ 

HORACE  D.  RANLETT, 

Ores,  Mining,  and  Commission, 

420  Montgomery  St.,  S,  F. 

Ships  under  advances  to  smelting  works  In  Boston, 
New  York,  Baltimore  and  Liverpool. 

Twenty-one  years*  experience  in  Shipping  Ores  and 
Managing  Mines.  • 

Solicits  CouBignments  of  Copper  Produce  and  Manage- 
ment of  Min'ng  Matters. 

All  business  conducted  on  Cash  Basis. 

Purchase  and  shipment  of  Mining  Supplies  A  SPECiALTy, 

Sales  of  Developed  Copper  Mines  undertaken. 

Business  Manager  of  UNION  COPPER  MINE,  Copper- 
opolis,  Cal.;  NEWTON  COPPER  MINE,  Amador  Co.,  Cal. 


KROGH'S  MINING  HORSE-POWER  HOIST 


la  known  to  be  the 
Best  Horse-Power 
Hoist  now  made. 
It  iB  atrong  and 
durable. 

The  drum  will 
cairy  1000  feet  of 
five-eightha  steel 
rope.  It  can  be 
used  to  run  & 
pump— or  blower, 
in  conjunction 
withhoiatiot. 
Manufactured  by  --  i^jJi^sis, 

F.W.KrogH', 


51   BEAIE    ST  , 
San  IVaucisco 


292 


Mining -AND  Scientific  Press. 


[April  26,  1890 


The  new  Melal  nf  the  Present,   vo  longer  "  The 
Metal  of  the  Future^ 


Aluminium! 


arxjsT    i=i.:e3.a.i>'V- 


AliUMINiuM.— Its  History,  Occurrence,  Proper- 
ties Metallurgy  and  Applicatioos,  including  its 
Alloys  B/  Joseph  W.  liichards.  M.  A.,  A.  C,  In- 
structor in  Metallurgy  at  the  Lehigh  Umvemty.  Sec- 
on<l  edition,  revised  and  greatly  enlarged.  Illustrated 
by  28  engravings  and  two  diagrams,    550  pages     8vo 

Price  -SS.OO,  by  mail,  free  of  postage  tv  ani/  address  in 
the  iportd.  ,      „.  ^  i-  ,  1 

CO NTEMTS.— Chapter  I.  History  of  Aluminium. 
II  Occurrence  of  Aluminium  in  Nature.  III.  Physi- 
cal Properties  of  Aluminium.  IV.  Chemical  Proper- 
ties of  Aluminium.  V.  Properties  and  Preparation 
of  Aluminium  Compounds.  VI  Preparation  of  Alum- 
inium Compounds  for  Redaction.  VII.  TheManu- 
faciure  ol  Sodium.  VIII.  The  Reduction  of  Alumin- 
ium Compounds  from  the  S.andpoint  of  Thermal 
Chemistry.  IX.  Reduction  of  Aluminium  Com- 
pounds by  means  of  Potassium  or  Sodium.  X,  Re- 
duction of  Aluminium  Compounds  hy  means  oi 
Potassium  or  Sodium  (Continued).  XI.  Reduction 
of  Aluminium  Compounds  by  the  Use  of  Electricity. 
XII.  Reduction  of  Aluminium  Compounds  by  otbnr 
means  than  Sodium  or  Electricity.  XIII.  Working 
in  Aluminium.  XIV.  Alloys  nf  Aluminium.  XV. 
Aluminium-Copper  Alloys.  XVI.  Aluminium-Tron 
Alloys.  XVII.  Analysis  of  Aluminium  and  Alumin- 
ium Alloys.    Index.  .       ,.„,„,, 

CV  A  circidar  of  i  pages,  ito,  showing  the  full  Table 
of  Contents  of  this  thorough  ly  revised  and  recast  treatise, 
shoioing  the  state  of  the  indv^try  up  to  1S90,  and  which 
has  played  an  important  part  m  the  rapid  development 
of  this  New  Metal,  tvill  be  sent  free,  and  free  of  postage, 
to  any  07ie  in  any  part  of  the  world  who  will  furnish  m 
with  his  address. 

tS"  Our  new  and  revised  Catalogue  of  Practical  and 
Scientific  Books,  86  pages,  Suo,  and  our  nther  Cata'ogues, 
the.  whole  cohering  every  branch  of  Science  applied  to  the 
Arts,  sent  free  and  free  of  postage  to  any  one  m  a7iy 
part  of  the  loorld  who  loill  furnish  us  ioith  his  address. 

HENRY  CAREY  BAIRD  &  CO.. 

Industrial   FoBL'suEas,    Booksellers   and    Importers, 
»fO  Walnat  St.,  Philartelphia,  f  a.,  U.  S.A. 

SOME    CHOICE 

Jechnical  Jreatises! 

ANDBES.-A  Practical  Treatise  on  the  Fabrication  of 
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ing Waxes.  With  additions  on  the  application  of  Varnishes, 
Stains  for  Wood,  Horn,  Ivory,  Boue,  and  Leather.  Edited 
from  the  German  by  W.  T.  Bcannt.  11  illustratif  ns.  3+6 
pages,  12mo.    Price i,. S3.50 

KACKKMAN. -A  Treatise  on  the  Metallurgy  of  Iron 
and  Steel.  Sixth  edition,  revised  and  enlarged.  Illustrated, 
523  pages.  12mo.    Price Sa.OO 

JBIBI>. -The  American  Practical  Dyer's  CompaDion. 
Embraciug  in  all  over  800  receipts  for  Colors  and  Shades, 
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BRANIST.— A  Practical  Treatise  on  the  Raw  Materials 
and  the  Distillation  and  Rectification  of  Alcohol,  and  the 
Preparation  of  Alcoholic  Liiiuors,  Liqueiird,  Cordials  and 
Eitter.s.  Edited  from  the  German  by  W.  T.  Brauut.  31  en- 
gravings, 330  pages.  l'2nio.    Price S3.50 

BBANPfT.— A  Practical  Treatise  on  Animal  and  Veg- 
etable Fats  and  Oils;  compriHing  both  Fixed  and  Volatile 
Oils,  tbeir  Physical  and  Chemical  Properties  and  Uses; 
the  manner  of  Extracting  and  Refining  tnem,  and  Practical 
Rules  for  Testing  them,  as  well  as  the  JVIamifacture  of  Arti- 
ficial Butter,  Lubricants,  including  Mineral  Lubricating 
Oils,  etc.,  and  on  Ozokerite.  Edited  from  the  German  and 
other  sources  by  W.  T.  Erannt.  240  engravings.  73U  pages, 
8vo.     Price  S7.30 

BKANNT.— A  Practical  Treatise  on  the  Manufacture  of 
Soap  and  Caudles;  comprising  the  Chemistry,  the  Raw  Ma- 
terials, the  Machinery  and  Uteneils,  and  Various  Processes 
of  Mauufacture,  incUubui;  a  great  variety  of  formuUe;  Ed- 
ited chiefly  from  the  German  by  W.  T.  Braout.  IbS  engrav- 
ings, H77  paces,  8vo.    Price S7.50 

ERANNT,— A  Practical  Treatise  on  the  Manufacture 
of  Vinegar  and  Acetate',  Cidir  and  Fruit  Wines;  Preserva- 
tion of  Fruits  and  Vegetables  by  Canning  aud  Evaporation; 
preparation  of  Fruit  Butters.  Jellies,  Marmalades,  Catch- 
ups, Pickles,  Mustards,  etc.  By  W.  T.  Erannt.  79  engr-iv- 
ing9,  479  pases,  8vo.    Price 85.00 

BKANNT.— The  Metallic  Alloys:  A  Practical  Guide 
for  the  Manufacture  of  all  kinds  of  Al'oys.  Amalgams,  and 
Solders  used  by  Metal  Workers,  together  with  the  Coloring 
of  Alloys,  etc.  Translated  and  edited  chiefly  from  the 
German  by  W.  T.  Erannt.  IG  engravings,  -128  pages,  12mo. 
Price Sa.50 

CREW.— A  Practical  Treatise  on  Petroleum:  Compris- 
ing its  Origin.  Geology,  Geographical  Distribution,  History. 
Chemistry,  Mining,  Technology.  Uses  aud  Transportation; 
together  with  a  description  of  Gas  Wells,  the  Application  of 
Gas  as  Fuel,  etc.  By  Benj.  J.  Crew.  With  an  Appendix  on 
the  Oil  Regions  and  the  Geology  of  Natural  Gas  iu  Pennsyl- 
vania and  New  York.  By  Charles  A.  Ashburner.  70  en- 
gravings and  two  plates,  50S  pages,  8vo.    Price ^^-OO 

CBISXIAIVI.— A  Technical  Treatise  on  Soap  and 
Candles.  By  R.  S.  Cristiani.  176  engravings,  581  paces. 
Svo.    Price 87.50 

CBIS'jri4NI.— Perfumery  and  Kindred  Art";  A  Com- 
prehensive Treatise  on  Perfumery.    EyJR.  8.  Cri&tiani.    398 

pages.  Svo,    Price 85-00 

jS^  The  above  or  any  of  our  Booh  sent  by  mail, 
free  of  postage,  at  the  publication  prices,  to  a7iy 
address  in  the  world- 

^^^  Our  new  revised  catalogue  of  Practical  and 
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logues and  circulars,  the  whole  covering  every  branch 
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iNDUKTItl.VL    PUBLlSUEItS,   BOOK-*ELLEKS  ^  L^U'OKTRBS, 

810  Walnut  at..  Philudui  phia,  Fa..  v.H.A. 

The  Best  Mining  District 

Oa  the  Pacific  Coast  ! 

GRASS   VALLEY,  CAL. 


THE  BEST  NEWSPAPER  published  in  the  district  is 

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H.  S.  SPaULDING,  Publisher, 

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OnR  Ohmen'3    12%12  Automatic   Engine; 
best  style  in  use.  Also.  1  Boiler  4S  in. xl6 ft.  Both  nearly 
new.    Apply  to     J.  W.  QDICK,  221  First  St., 
(Top  Floor)  San  Francisco,  Oal, 


PACIFIC    ROLLING   MILL    CO., 


UANUFAGTORERS  OF.. 


UP  TO   20,000   LBS.   WEIGHT. 

True  to  pattern  and  superior  In  strenerth,  tongbness  and  durability  to  Oast  or  Wronebt 
Iron  In  any  position  or  for  any  service. 

GEARINGS,  SHOES,  DIES,  CAMS,  TAPPETS,  PISTON-HEADS,  RAILROAD  and  MA- 
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i3*  Orders  wlU  have  prompt  attention.     Send  for  Catalogues.     Address 

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FULTON     IRON    WORKS 

HINOKLET.  SPIERS   &   HAYES.  Proprietors. 


[ESTABLISHED    K    1866.1 


TUSTIN'S    PULVERiaER. 


— MANDFACTURBRS    OP- 
MARINE      ENGINES     AND     BOILERS— 
Propeller  Engines,  either  High  Pressure  or  Compound, 
Stern  or  Side- wheel  Engines. 

MINING  MACHINERY.-Hoisting  Engines  and 
Works,  Cages,  Ore  Buckets,  Ore  Cars,  Pumping  Elnglnes 
and  Pumps,  Water  Buckets,  Pump  Columns,  Air  Com- 
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MILL.  MACHINERY.-Batteries  for  Dry  or  Wet 
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MISOBLLANEODS  MAOHINERY.-Floiir 
Mill  Machinery,  Saw  Mill  Engines  and  Boilers,  Dredging 
Machinery,  Powder  Mill  Machinery,  Water  Wheels. 

Tustin's  Pulverizer 

WORKS  ORE  WET  OR  DRY. 


ENGINES^BOILERS 

OF    ALL    KINDS, 
Either  for  use  on  Steamboats  or  for  nae  on  Land. 

Water  Pipe,  Fiunp  or  Air  Colnmns,  Fish 
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OF   RVBRT   DBfiCRIPrrON. 

Boiler  Repairs  Promptly  attended  to  and  at  very  moaerate  rates. 

AQENT8  FOR  TDB  PACIFIC  COAST  FOR  THB 

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SPECIALTIES : 

Corliss  £ng:ines  and  Tastitt  Ore  Pulverizers.  DBANB    STEAM 

Agents  and  Manufacturers  of  the  Llewellyn  Feed  Water  Purifier  and 


PUMP. 
Heater. 


THE  GIANT  POWDER  COMPANY 

Manulaoture  Three  Kinds  of  Powder,  which  are  aclinowledged  by  all  the  Great  Chemists  of  the  World  as 

The  Safest  and  Strongest  High  Explosives  in  the  Marl(et. 

Of  Different  Strengths  as  Required. 

IfOBX:i.'S    EXPLOSIVE     GEtATINE,"    which  contains    94   per  cent  of  Nltro-GIyoerlne,  and 

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JUDSON  POWDER  IMPROVED. 

rOR  BAIIiBOADS  AND  I-ANI)  CI-EARING.  Is  from  three  to  four  times  stronger  than  ordinary  Blast- 
ing Powder,  and  is  used  by  all  the  Railroads  and  Gravel  Claims,  as  it  breaks  more  ground,  pulverizes  better  and 
saves  time  and  money.     It  is  aa  dry  as  the  ordinary  Blasting  Powder  and  runs  as  freely. 

BANDMANN,  NIELSEN  &  CO., 

GENERAL  AGENTS,  «AN  FRANCISCO  OAL. 


GAPS  and  FCSB  for  Sale- 


f^^' 


QUARTZ  SCREENS 


A  Specialty.  Round,  slot 
Or  burred  slot  holes.  Gen- 
uine Russia  Iron,  Homo- 
geneous Steel,  C^t  Steel  or 
American  planished  Iron. 
Zinc,  Copper  or  Brass  Screens  for  all  purposes.  Cali- 
fornia Perforating  Screen  Co.,  145  &  147  Beale  St. ,  S.  F. 


COAL  MIIVES  OF  THE  WESTERN  COAST. 

A  few  copies  of  this  work,  the  only  one  ever  published 
treating  of  Pacific  Coast  Coal  Mining,  have  been  ob- 
tained, and  are  for  sale  at  this  office  for  ?2.50  per  copy. 
It  was  written  by  W.  A.  Goodyear,  Mining  and  Civil 
Engineer,,  formerly  of  the  California  State  Geological 
Survey. 


..«spa«i„,^i 


N.  W.  SPAULDING 
Sja--v^  oo3vii»-A.3sr-y 

Manufacturers  of 
SPAULDING' S 

Inserted  Tootb 

AND 

CHISEL    BIT 

CIRCDLAK 

Saws. 

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logue.     17  and  19  Fremont  St.,  San  Franolioo 


Irop  apd  ^achipe  Itforl^* 


CALIFORNIA    MACHINE    WORKS, 

WM.  H.  BIRCH  &  CO., 

ENGINEEIBS     AND     MACHINISTS, 


No.  119  Beale  St., 


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Golden  State  &  Miners  Iron  Works. 

Macafactnre  Iron  Oastlnss  and  Macblnery 
of  all  Kinds  at  Qreatly  Bednoed  Bates. 

STEVENSON'S  PATENT 

Mold-Board  AMALOAMATOBS, 
Golden  State  Pressure  Blowers. 

ffirsi;  St..  between  Howard  J>  JTolsom,  S.  F. 


THOMAS  THOMPSON 


THORNTON  THOMPSON 


THOMPSON    BROTHERS. 

EUREKA    FOUNDRY, 

129  and  181  Beale  St.,  between  UissioD  and  Howard,  S.F 

HANXTFAOTURBRB  OF  OABTINOB  OF  BVBKT  DHBCRIPTlOEI. 


Mining    Engineers. 
Bewick,  Moreing  &  Hooper, 

MINING  ENGINEERS, 

508  California  Street,  San  Francisco,  Oal. 

Suffolk  House,  Laurence,  Pountney  Hill, 

tONDON.  K.  C. 

Leake's  Buildings,  Johannesljurg, 

SOUTH   .iktRICA. 

Report  on  mioeg  and  undertake  management  of  mining 
properties. 


W.  A.  GOODYEAR. 

Oi'Til    and    Mining'    Engineer, 

MINING  EXPERT  AND  GEOLOGIST. 
Address  "  Business  Box  A,"  office  of  this  paper,  San 
Francisco. 


ROSS   E.  BROWNE, 

Mining   and  Hydraulic  Engineer, 


No.  307  Sansohb  St.,  San  Franoiboo. 


Great  Variety  of  SHOT  GUNS,  RIFLES, 

etc.    Breech'Loaders  from  $4  to  $100. 
SEND    STAMPS    FOR    PRICE    LISTS. 

GEO.  W.  SHREVE, 

525  Kearny  Street,        San  Francisco,  Cal. 


Tioga  District  Mining  Company, 

Incorporated  June  11. 1889.    Capital  Stock,  $10,000,000. 
BUY  AND  SELL 

California  Gold,  Silver,  Quicksilver,  Copper 

and  Lead  Mines 

OF    ASCERTAINED    VALUE. 

Office,  No.  IS  PABBOTT'S  BUILDING,  N.  W. 

Corner  of  California  and  Montgomery  Streets, 

SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 

WM.  B.  WIGHTMAN,  Prea.      WM.  H.  V.  CRONISE,  Sec. 


FOR  SALE  CHEAP. 


One  new  double  circular  Sawmill  to  carry  60-ioch  bot- 
tom saw,  with  wrouffht-iron  bangers  for  top  aaw.  Fric- 
tion feed-works,  patent  eteel  screw  double-throw  head- 
blocks,  with  track  iron,  saw  carriage  and  frame  complete, 

RISDON  IRON  &  LOCOMOTIVE  WORKS. 

San  Francisco,  Cal. 


TUBBS  CORDAGE  CO. 

(A  Corporation.) 

Constantly  on  hand  a  full  aasortment  of  Manila  Rope, 
Duplex  Rope,  Tarred  Manila  Rope,  Hay  Rope,  Whale  Line, 
etc.,  etc 

Extra  sizes  and  lengths  made  to  order  on  short  notice. 

611  &  613  Front  St.,  San  Trancisco,  Csl. 


April  26,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


393 


PARKE    &    LACY   COMPANY 


■IMPORTERS  AND  MANDFACTDRER3  OF- 


MINING,    MILL    and    GENERAL     MACHINERY. 


ENGINES,  BOILERS,  STEAM  PUMPS, 

AIR  COMPRESSORS,  ROOK  DRILLS 
WALL'S  CRUSHINO  ROLLS, 

CONCENTRATORS,  PULVERIZERS, 
TURBINE  WATER  WHEELS, 

ROOK  BREAKERS.  DRY  JIGS. 

Bullock's  Diamond  Drills 

GOLDEN  GATE  CONCENTRATORS, 

GREATEST  CAPACITY  OF  ANY   CONCENTRATOR  MADE, 
One  Machine  Taking  Pulp  from  10  Stamps. 


SAW    MILLS,    MACHINE    TOOLS, 
PLANING  MILLS,  INJECTORS  and  EJECTORS 
BELTING.  PACKING,  OILS,  LUBRICATORS, 
FIRE    EXTINGUISHERS, 
CENTRIFUGAL   PUMPS 
ROTARY  PUMPS,  GANG  EDGERS, 
CAMPBELL'S    STEAM    FEEDS, 
MILL    and    MINE    SUPPLIES. 


<3riEiKr':EH*..A.ij    ja^€^r:E:Eir'j7ia    I'on 


WESTINGHOUSE     AUTOMATIC     ENGINES. 


COMPOUND,     BaiO*HORSE  POWER. 


SALES    DURING    LAST    FOUR    MONTHS  : 

4500  HORSK  FOWER.  JUNIOR,     4260  ^HORsS'pOW; 

C3rr«xa.ca    Tota,!,    309    :Elxxs±^n.em,    .^l.esx-esa'tm.s    IS.SVS    XXoi^se    I»o-cc-©i-. 


STANDARD,        **  engines, 


21  and  23  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


189  Clarence  St.,  Sydney,  N.  S.  W. 


NOTICE  TO  GOLD  MINERS! 

iiicMTED  mm 

GRAVEL,  OR  PLACER  MINES.  MADE  OP  BEST  SOFT  LAKF      UPBRIOR  COPPER 

Our  plateB  are  guaranteed,  and  by  actual  experience  are  proved,  the  hesi  in  weight  of  Sil- 
ver and  durability.  Old  Mining  Plates  Replated,  Bought,  or  Gold  Separated.  THOUSANDS 
OF    ORDERS    FILLED. 

SAN    FRANCISCO    NOVELTY,  GOLD,  SILVER    AND    NICKEL    PLATING  WORKS, 
1 08  and  1 1 2  First  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

4S-  SEND  FOK  CIR0DLAR3. 


JUSTINIAN  CAIRE,  Agent, 

521  &  523  Market  St.,  San  Francisco, 

— DKALSR    IM — 

Assayers'  and  Mining  Material. 

— MANUFACTDRBa    OF — 

BATTERY  SCREENS  AND  WIRE  CLOTH 


Agent  for  HOSEINS' 
HTDBO-CARBOlSr    ASSAY   FURNACES 


IMPORTANT  TO  GOLD  MINERS! 

SILVER-PLATED  AMALGAM  PLATES  for  SAVING  GOLD 

IN    QUARTZ,    GRAVEL    AND    PLACER    MINING. 
PRICES  GREATLY  REDUCED. 

Only  Refined  Silver  and  Best  Copper  nsed.    Over  3000  Orders  filled.    Fifteen  Uedals  Awarded.    Old  Uining-  Plates  can   be 

Eeplated.    Old  Plates  Boagfht,  or  Gold  Separated, 

TheBO  Plates  can  also  be  purchased  of  JOHN  TAXI.OR  &  CO.,  Corner  First  and  Mission  Sts 

San  Francisco  Gold,  Silver  and  Nickel  Plating  Works,  653  &  655  Mission  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  E.  G.  Denniston,  Prop'r. 

Our  Plates  have  been  used  for  20  yeara.    They  bave  proved  the  best.    We  adhere  strictly  to  contract  In  welarht  of  Sliver  and 
OoDDer.      SEND  F  >B  OIBOnLAB. 


i3:TJnNr"riisrc3r"j?o  ivr, 

MANUFACTURER    OF 


CENTRIFUGAL  ROLLER  QUARTZ 

Concentrators  and  Ore  Crushers, 


LLS, 


Mining  Machinery  of  Every  Description.        Steam  Engines  and  Shingle  Machines. 

SEND    FOR    CIROULAK. 

CentrLfagal  Boiler  Quartz  Mill.  2X3      I'lH.SI"      STH.:EjaE'r,  S-A-PiJ"      J:-Jn..A.'S^OHSC^O ,      CJ^A.!^. 


H.  D.  MORRIS, 
220  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco, 

MAHDFACTDRERS"  M  PUBCHASraG  AGENT, 

Special  atteatif"  given  to  purohase  ot 

MINE  and  MILL  SUPPLIES. 


ADAMANTINE  SHOES  AND  DIES.— Guar- 
anteed to  prove  better  and  cheaper  than  any  others. 
Orders  Boliclted,  eubiect  to  above  conditlona. 

H.  D.  MORRIS. 


SOLE  AGENT  FOR 

Aflamantiiie  Sloes,  DlPs  anfl 
IRDSHER  PLATES, 

— AND— 

Chrome   Cast    Steel  foi 
Rock  UrlUa,  Etc. 


ADA  SI  A  If  TINE. 


Daj's  Iiproved  Qaartz  Stamp  Mill. 

This  Mill  is  designed  for  the  Prospector,  the  Assayer  and 
Sampler  of  Gold  and  Silver-bearing  rock.  It  is  a  perfect  mill, 
built  entirely  ot  metals,  and  of  the  best  meebauical  construc- 
tion; will  amalgamate  perfectly  in  the  battery  or  on  plates. 
It  strikes  a  sharp,  heavy  blow  \vith  a  light  stamp.  Shipping 
weight,  226  lbs.    Price  §75.    Address 

P.  O.  Box.  331,  Cbico.  Bntte  Co  ,  Cal. 

N.  B.— Chapparell.  Butte  Co..  Cal.,  Nov.  10.  ISSO.— Mr.  Jas. 
Day,  Chico:  The  little  mill  is  a  daisy:  it  comes  up  to  all  ex- 
pectations; it  works  perfect  in  all  respects.    Yours  truly, 

WiLKEB,  Kebse  &  Co.    ' 


294 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[April  26,  1890 


IMPROVED    BELT    FRUE   ORE  CONCENTRATOR. 


The  Bsat  Ore  Concentrator  in  the  market,  having  doable 
the  Capacity  and  doing  its  work  as  close  as  the  plain  Bslt 
machine,  while  its  concentrations  are  clean.  It  is  used  in 
a  numbsr  of  Mills,  the  most  notable  of  which  is  the 
Alaska  M.  &  M.  Go's  Mill,  where  24  Improved  Belt  Frnes 
are  taking  the  Palp  from  120  Stamps,  crushing  350-ton8 
per  day,  and  ia  giving  entire  saciefactJon  as  against  48 
plain  Belt  Machines,  taking  the  Pulp  from  the  other  120 
Stamps. 

♦ 

Price  of  Improved  Belt  Frue  Vanner,  $900,  f.  o.  b. 
Price  of   Plain  Belt   Frue   Vanner,  $575,  f.  o.  b. 


For  Pamphlets,  Testimonials  and   farther  information 
apply  at  office. 


Protected  by  Patents  December  22,  1S74;  Septembers* 
1S79;  April  27,  1880;  March  22,  18S1;  February  20,  1883; 
September  IS,  1SS3;  July  24,  ISSS.     Patents  applied  for. 


There  are  Over  2200  Plain  Belt  Macfiines  now 
in  Use. 

Thb  Montana  Compant  (Limited),  London,  October  S,  1885. 
Dbar  Sirs  : — Having  tested  three  of  your  Frue  Vanners  in  a  com- 
petitive trial  with  other  similar  machinpB  (Triumph),  we  have  satisfied 
ourselves  of  the  enperiority  of  yourVanuere,  as  is  evidenced  by  the 
fact  of  our  bavin?  ordered  20  more  of  your  macbioen  for  immediate 
deliverj'.     Yours  truly,  THE  MONTANA  COMPAiJY  (Limited). 

N.  B. — Since  the  above  was  written  the  20  Vanners,  haviDR  been 
started,  gave  such  satisfaction  that  44  additional  Frues  and  more 
stamps  have  been  purchased.  ADAMS    &    CARTER, 


ADAMS  &  CARTER,  Agents  FRUE  VANNING  MACHINE  CO.,  Room  15.  No.  132  Market  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


CALI FORM l;^^^'" WIRE    WORKS 


:EST-a.:^ijis3E3:EiD  xsss.     X3xrc30x».i='on.A.T3BiD  issa. 


MANLTACTCEEBS  CF 

Steel  "Wire   Rope, 

OF  ALL  KINDS  FOR 

CABLE  RAILWAYS, 


ROPEWAYS  and  TRAMWAYS,    ^fM^^l^i^, 


Mining,  Shipping  &  General  Purposes. 


WIRE, 

BARBED   WIRE, 
WIRE   NAILS, 

WIRE    CLOTH. 

Pull  ABSortment  Always  In  Stock. 


OFFICE: 

9  Fremont  Street,  San  Francisco. 

Send  for  Illustrated  Catalo^e. 


hallidie's 
Patent  VV'^e  Ropeway, 


For  the  Economical  and  Rapid 

Transportation    of   Ore 

and  other  material. 


J     Erected  by  U3  During  the  Past  Fourteen  Years  in  Spans  ol 

200  TO  2.000  FEET. 


^  Simple,  Economical  and  Durable. 


TKANSPOKTATIOX     OF      OKE      BT    HAtLIDIE'S     PATENT     WIKE     KOPEWAT. 


HAVE   BEEN  THOROUGHLY  TESTED 
In  all  Parts  of  the  Country. 


DAVIDSON    STEAM    PUMPS. 

Risdon  Iron  and  Locomotive  Works, 


Boiler-Feed  Pumps, 
Tank  Pumps, 
Marine  Pumps, 
Wrecking  Pumps, 
Fire  Pumps, 
Brewery  Pumps, 
Mining  Pumps, 
Low    Pressure 

Pumps, 
Vertical  Pumps. 
Balanced    Hydraulic 

AXD 

Heavy  PressureValve.  | 


S.  E.  COR.  HOWARD  AND  BEALE  STS.. 

San  Francisco. 


Sugar  House  Pumps, 
Railroad  Pumps, 
Vacuum  Pumps, 
Air  Pumps, 
Circulating  Pumps, 
Tannery  Pumps, 
Hydraulic  Pumps. 
Elevator  Pumps, 
Independent  Air 
Pump  and  Jet 
Condenser. 
Artesian  or  Deep 
Well  Pumps. 

The  Only  Steam  Pump  Made  that  can  be  run  at  High  Piston  Speed  without  Shock  and  with  Safety  to  the  Machine.    Piston  Rods, 

StufB.ng-Boses,  Valve  Seats,  Stems  and  Linings  of  Water  Cylinders  are  of  Best  Composition  Metal,  U.  S.  Standard. 
EVERY    PTJMP    THOBOUGHLY    TESTED    BEFORE    lEAVDIG    FACTORY,  Sezi.ca.    for    CJAta.loS'U.es. 


A.  T   Dewey 
Geo.  H.  Steong. 


}Deiey  &  Co.'s  Scientific  Press  Patent  Agencyj^iser" 

IiiVKSTOES  on  the  Pacific  Coast  will  find  it  greatly  to  their  advantage  to  consult  this  old,  experienced,  first-class 
Aeency.  We  have  able  and  trustworthy  Associates  and  Agents  in  WasbinETtOD  and  the  capita  cities  of  the  principal 
nations  ol  the  world.  In  connection  with  our  editorial,  scientific  and  Patent  Law  Library,  and  record  of  original 
cases  in  our  oflSce,  ive  have  other  advanta^s  far  beyond  those  which  can  be  offered  home  inventors  by  other  agencies 
the  information  ao;umulated  tbroug:h  long:  and  careful  practice  before  the  Office,  and  the  frequent  examination  of 
patents  already  sn'anted,  for  the  purpose  of  determining  the  patentability  of  inventioDa  brought  before  us,  enables 
ns  often  to  give  advice  which  wHl  save  Inventors  the  expense  of  applying  for  Patents  upon  Inventions  which  are  not 
D9W     Circnlara  of  tdvice  eentfree  on  receipt  of  pwtage.  Address  DEWEY  &  CO.,  Patent  Agents,  220  Market  St.  S.F 


Importers  and  Dealers  In 

IRON,  STEEL,  HEAVY  HARDWARE,  CUMBERLAND  COAL,  PERKINS  AND  BURDENS 

Horse  and  Mule  Shoes,  Putnam,  Globe  and  Northwestern  Horseshoe  Nails,  HARDWOOD  LUMBER  AND  WAQON 
MATERIALS,  Blacksmith  and  Carriage  Makers'  Supplies. 

S01,E    AGENTS    FOE    THE    WELLS    RUSTLESS    !PIPB    AND    PITTINQS, 
Specially  loanafactured  for  use  in  Artesian  Wells,  and  for  convejing  n-ater  charged  with  Salts  and  Minerals,  Adda, 
Gases  or  other  substances  of  a  corrosive  nature.     In  building  it  takes  the  place  of  either  black  or  gah'anized  piping 
or  gaa,  water-waste,  et<.    Catalogues  and  testimonials,  from  large  uaore  in  the  United  States,  sent  on  appMcatloo. 

413-415  MAKKET  STREET,  SAH  FRAKCISCO. 


Aa   lUustrated  4ourn^I  ©f 


VOL.    L.X.-  Number  18. 

DEWEY  4  CO.,   PunuSHEBS. 


SAN    FRANCISCO,    SATURDAY,  MAY  3,    1890. 


Tbree  Dollars  per  Annum 

Single  Copies,  10  Cts. 


THE    TRANSEPT,    KAIBAB    DIVISION,    GRAND    CANYON    OF    THE    COLORADO-AN    AMPHITHEATER    Off    THE    SECOND    ORDBR.-See  page  S 


Lake  Nicaragua. 

Telegrams   tbls  week  from   Njw  York   Btate 
that   ex-Sanator   Warner   Miller,    president  of 


the  Nioaragna  Oanal  Co.,  expeote  to  see  the 
canal  finished  within  seven  years,  and  has  little 
donbt  that  the  money  will  be  forthaoming  to 
keep  ap  the  work  steadily.    He  dwelt  at  length 


on  the  advantages  of  the  canal  to  the  Paoifio 
Coaet.  He  said  that  the  opening  of  the  oanal 
wonid  create  a  large  carrying  trade  between 
the  Gulf  States  and  the  western  coast  of  South 


ii!MmM|i!M,i.j' 

il  I        It      .      .  !    i     i'       '     ^ 


America,  the  Pacific  Slope  States,  Australia 
and  many  other  points.  Undoubtedly  a  very 
large  tonnage  of  coal  from  Alabama  would  soon 
pass  throagh  to  points  on  the  Pacific.  The  en- 
tire grain  trade  of  California,  Oregon  and 
Washington  would  pass  through  the  oanal.  As 
to  new  commerce  in  the  lumber  trade  from 
Paget  sound,  it  would  increase  to  proportions 
hardly  to  be  realized  at  present. 

W,  L.  Merry  of  this  city  saya  there  need  be 
DO  apprehension  about  a  tonnage  sufficient  to 
pay  a  handflome  interest  on  the  investment, 
steadily  increasing  annually.  The  Nicaragua 
canal  will  do  more  to  increase  the  American 
merchant  marine  than  all  the  other  propositions 
now  before  the  country.  The  company 
i  i  an  Amerioan  one,  and  we  intend  to 
keep  control  of  the  great  enterprise  in  America, 
where  it  belongs. 

Oa  this  page  of  the  Press  is  given  a  sketch 
of  Like  Nicaragua  from  Fort  San  Carlos.  This 
great  lake  has  a  surface  area  of  2600  square 
miles. 

The  Bodie  Miner  says  that  while  there  is  no 
reason  to  believe  there  will  be  anything  like  an 
active  boom  in  our  mining  industry,  there  is 
every  reason  to  think  that  considerable  mining 
and  other  business  will  be  transacted  in  Mono 
jcunty  this  sammer. 


SKETCH    OF    LAKE    NIOARAQUA    FRQM    FORT    SAN    CARLOS^ 


There  are  two  Hantington  roller-mills  now 
at  work  in  the  mines  of  the  Golden  Ox  moant- 
ains,  China. 


296 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press.^ 


[Mat  3,  1890 


COF^F^ESPOJ^DEJMCE. 

We  admit,  unindorsed,  opinions  of  correspondents.— fiD3. 

Tlie  Mines  of  Old  Tuolumne. 

[From  Our  Own  CorreEpondent] 

Editors  Press  :  —  Tuolamne'a  hiUs  are 
decked  in  green»  her  orchards  white  with 
fragrant  blosaoms.  Nature  la  clothed  In  her 
spring  Huit  and  looking  her  beet.  In'the  towDS 
there  Is  an  air  of  deBoIation.  The  long- 
continued  storms  of  the  season  have  caused  the 
closing  down  of  the  mills  and  mines  of  almost 
the  entire  county.  Some  are  just  starting  up, 
and  with  favorable  wedther  the  next  60 
days  will  see  everything  moving  with  its  old- 
time  speed  and  the  air  resounding  with  the  in- 
spiring clatter  of  the  stamps. 

Quartz  Mountain. 

The  Heslep  mill  is  running  on  custom  rock. 
The  owners  of  the  Datch  mine  have  purchased 
ten  stamps  of  the  old  Patterson  mill  and  will 
put  in  the  Morris  canvas  tables  for  concen- 
trating. 

Whisky  Hill, 
Now  called  Jimtowo,  is  still  enjoying  its  winter 
nap.  In  this  vicinity  are  large  bodies  of  low- 
grade  ore,  which  rumor  has  it  Messrs.  Hay  ward 
&  Hobart  are  gradually  securing,  all  on  the 
mother  lode. 

Tuttletown. 

The  machinery  of  the  Patterson  mine  and 
hoist  has  all  been  taken  out  and  is  offered  for 
sale.  The  mill  is  running  on  small  lots  of 
custom  rook  from  the  veins  worked  by  the 
pocket  miners  of  Jackass  Mountain.  The 
Atlas  is  down  100  feet  by  shaft  and  drift  of 
200  feet  on  a  vein  running  from  1  to  20  feet  ol 
ore  averaging  $4  a  ton  in  free  gold. 

Sumnerville. 

The  Eureka  Consolidated,  batter  known  as 
"  The  Old  Daad  Horse."  is  pounding  away  on 
their  four-foot  vein  of  $Q  ore.  The  Morris  canvas 
tables  have  been  put  in  to  save  the  concen- 
trates. The  Albany  is  at  rest.  Dr.  Walker, 
the  owner,  states  that  *'some  parties  are  try- 
ing very  hard  to  make  me  believe  that  I  ought 
to  give  it  to  them  for  $50,000." 
The  Buchanan. 

The  mill  has  just  begun  dropping  the  stamps. 
Mr.  Bavis  has  in  oontemplation  the  remodeling 
of  the  power  system  this  season  and  the  im- 
provement of  the  entire  plant. 
Cherokee. 

This  camp,  with  its  high-grade  ore,  is  await- 
ing the  coming  of  settled  weather.  While  the 
veins  are  notlarse,  the  ore  is  high  in  grade  and 
the  shoots  of  sufficient  length  to  make  the  veins 
profi  liable, 

SoulsbyvlUe. 

The  Old  Soulsby  is  still  resting  on  her  lau- 
rels. Mr,  W.  Sharwood,  who  is  now  the 
owner  of  the  Soulsby,  is  confident  that  the  vast 
extent  of  unexplored  territory,  still  virgin,  in 
the  Soulsby,  with  the  necessary  capital,  could 
easily  be  developed  from  the  old  shaft,  and 
without  doubt  ore  equal  in  quantity  and  qual- 
ity with  that  which  made  the  Soulsby  famous 
in  the  past,  be  discovered. 

At  the  Oatrie  the  shaft  is  going  down. 

The  Black  Oak  was  sold  by  the  sheriff,  and 
the  purchasers  are  taking  out  the  water.  The 
owners  have  their  time  to  recover  the  prop- 
erty. Why  this  mine  with  a  long  shoot 
on  a  large  vein  of  $24  rock,  with  a  complete 
steam  and  water  power  mill,  should  fall  into 
the  hands  of  the  sheriff,  is  one  of  those  things 
"that  no  fellow  can  find  out,"  but  certainly 
points  to  some  gross  fault  in  the  management. 

Columbia. 

A  few  Chinamen  are  ground-sluiciog,  and 
the  usual  number  of  pocket  miners  are  making 
average  wages  in  their  mines.  To  the  north, 
the  Keltz,  the  property  of  W.  Sharwood,  is  be- 
ing vigorously  prospeoted.  The  tunnel  is  now 
in  300  feet  on  a  veiu  running  from  two  to  five 
feet  of  ore  millicg  $12. 

At  the  Mary  Ellen  the  tunnel  is  now  in  200 
feet  on  a  vein  running  from  one  to  four  feet, 
the  last  ore  milled  going  $24.50  a  ton.  The 
five-stamp  mill  is  now  hung  up.  It  is  reported 
that  an  Eaglish  compaoy  will  ehortly  take  hold 
of  this  mine  and  equip  it  in  first-class  shape. 

Sonora. 

The  superintendent,  Mr.  E.  Loftns,  is  getting 
the  ores  of  tbe  Golden  Gate  under  control.  In 
fact  it  may  be  said  to  have  passed  through  the 
experimental  stage  and  settled  down  to  an  as- 
sured success.  The  Boss  process  was  employed, 
but  while  it  worked  the  ores  up  to  a  high  per- 
centage, the  plant  could  not  handle  tbe  mill's 
output.  At  present  the  ores  are  crushed  wet, 
the  snlphurets  caught  on  corduroy  Frue  belt, 
and  the  slimes  concentrated  by  Morris  canvas 
tables  placed  below  the  Prues.  The  concen- 
trates are  sold  to  the  Maltman  Chlorination 
Works  of  Sonora, 

The  mill  is  of  10  stamps  of  950  pounds  each, 
crushing  2-^-  tons  to  the  stamp  through  a  40. 
mesh  screen.  The  ores  are  almost  entirely  sul- 
phuret,  the  average  being  high  in  grade,  while 
the  gold  is  as  high  as  990  fine. 

Mr.  Loftns  has  Just  completed  a  60-lighfc 
electrio  plant  for  the  mine  and  mill.  The  shaft 
on  the  mine  is  down  300  feet  on  a  vein  that  in 
places  is  12  feet  In  width.  Both  mine  and  mill 
are  run  by  water-power.  The  mill-power 
proves  what  can   be  done  with  a  low  head  of 


water  by  use  of  the  Pelton  wheels.  Mr.  Loftus 
has  brought  in  the  free  water  of  a  neighboring 
stream,  and  with  but  30  feet  of  pressure,  by 
means  of  three  nozzles  playing  on  a  6-foot  Pel- 
ton  wheel,  secured  power  to  drive  all  the  ma- 
chinery of  the  mill.  The  wheel  is  600  feet 
distant  from  the  mill,  power  being  conveyed 
by  wire  cable.  Mr.  W.  J.  Sharwood  is  em- 
ployed as  assayer,  and  promises  to,  in  time, 
equal  his  father  in  ability  as  a  miuing-man. 
The  mine  has  now  every  appearance  of  being 
on  the  road  to  success,  and  the  owners  can 
congratulate  themselves  that  Mr.  Loftus  has 
brought  them  safely  through  their  experimental 
stage  to  the  present  one  of  assured  success. 
San  Guiseppa. 

This  mine  is  now  the  property  of  ex-Gov. 
Perkins,  R.  A.  McDonald.  A.  Haleey  and 
Captain  Griffith,  who  also  have  the  bond  on 
the  New  Albany.  At  the  Sin  Guiseppa  the 
shaft  is  down  136  feet  on  a  vein  running  from 
ten  inches  to  two  feet.  The  ore  is  almost  en- 
tirely sulphuret,  the  gold  exceptionally  high, 
running  over  990  tioe.  At  present  the  work  is 
altogether  of  a  developing  character,  the  ore  ex- 
tracted being  very  high  in  grade. 
The  Bonanza. 

The  superintendent  and  fortunate  part 
owner,  Mr.  Oliver,  has  put  down  a  shaft  170 
feet  to  crosscut  the  vein.  His  usual  luck  (abil- 
ity) has  been  rewarded,  and  the  bottom  of  the 
shaft  is  in  the  black  metallic  slate  which  ac- 
companies the  gold-bearing  portion  of  the  vein. 
By  the  time  this  reaches  the  readers  of  the 
Press,  the  vein  will  have  been  crosscut,  and 
without  a  doubt  tbe  owners  will  again  be  in 
bonanza.  Of  this  they  are  contident,  one  of  the 
owners,  Mr.  Rogers,  assuring  me  that  he  was 
just  as  confident  that  they  would  find  it  as  rich 
as  in  the  past,  as  he  was  in  the  second  ooming 
of  Christ. 

The  Press  illustrated  this  bonanza  about  a 
year  ago.  To  those  who  were  not  then  readers 
of  the  Press  I  would  repeat  that  the  vein  is 
what  miners  would  term  a  porphyry  dyke  in- 
closed in  slate  walls.  The  slate  is  of  the  brown- 
black  variety,  except  where  the  pockets  occnr. 
Hare  it  is  of  tbe  black  metallio.  The  dyke  or 
vein  has  small  seams  of  quartz  running  through 
and  with  the  course  of  the  vein,  these  quartz 
seams  occurring  near  both  walls  and  in  the  cen- 
ter. Crossing  the  vein  at  different  angles 
are  iron  seams  called  by  the  miners  **gold 
seams."  Oa  the  vein,  where  the  walls  are  of 
metallic  slate,  near  the  footwall,  at  the  cross- 
ings of  the  "gold  seams"  with  the  quartz 
stringers,  tbe  gold  occurs.  This  black  slate  fs 
followed  and  the  gold  seams  do  not  fail  to  lead 
to  the  gold.  Now  that  the  lessees  are  down 
and  all  of  the  former  difficulties  overcome,  the 
Press  will  be  called  upon  each  week  to  chron- 
icle the  unheard-of  yields  of  this  ''the  old 
Bonanza," 

Maltman  Chlorination  Works. 

The  mine-owners  of  Tuolumne  have  long 
labored  under  the  expense  of  shipping  Itheir 
concentrates  by  wagon  and  rail  to  distant 
points  for  treatment.  Mr.  Maltman,  with  his 
chlorinating  plant,  has  been  a  much-needed  and 
now  duly  appreciated  convenience.  These 
works  have  at  present  a  oapacity  of  2tV  tons  a 
day.  A  rock-breaker  and  Tustin  pulverizsr, 
run  by  Pelton  wheel,  are  used  for  sampling 
ores.  This  season  a  complete  ten-stamp  custom 
mill  will  be  put  in.  The  plant  is  just  at  the 
edge  of  the  town  of  Sonora  and  is  assured  of  a 
steady  supply  of  concentrates  from  the  sulphuret 
mines  of  the  vicinity.  "Old  Tuolumne,"  like 
* 'Old  Virginia,"  "  never  tires,"  and  each  sea- 
son marks  a  steady  advancR  in  h*>r  mining  pros- 
perity. B    11.    SCBAEFFLE. 

Kern  County  Mines. 

Editors  Press: — After  a  decade  of  decline, 
quartz  mining  may  be  said  to  be  a  growing  in- 
dustry in  this  section.  The  amount  of  gold  ex- 
tracted from  the  rock  daring  the  last  year,  in 
this  vicinity,  was  double  that  of  the  year  be- 
fore. 

The  Robison  mine,  discovered  about  two 
years  ago,  and  owned  and  worked  by  three 
brothers,  has  yielded  during  the  last  year  over 
$7000.  Nearly  all  of  this  was  clear  gain,  as 
only  about  100  days'  work  was  hired,  and  the 
rock  was  crushed  in  a  water-power  arastra  be 
longing  to  the  mine.  Still  another  fact  is  that 
no  stoping  was  done,  and  all  the  quartz  was  ob 
tained  from  development  work.  A  level  tun 
nel  was  run  along  the  lode  130  feet,  and  a  shaft 
sunk  on  the  dip  of  the  lode  a  like  distance — all 
in  good  rock  with  a  vein  averaging  16  inches, 
The  best  rock  uncovered  is  In  the  bottom  of  the 
shaft. 

The  Glenn  Olive  is  also  a  new  mine  which 
has  yielded  $13,000  the  last  year,  but  a  number 
of  men  have  been  employed  at  wages  on  this 
mine. 

These  two  mines,  with  their  machinery  ex- 
empt, would  sell  tO'day  for  enough  to  pay 
wages  for  every  day's  work  done  incident  to 
mining,  in  this  section,  for  the  last  two  years. 

The  old  pioneer  miner,  J.  W.  Sumner,  still 
hammers  away  with  a  little  tive-stamn  water- 
power  battery.  He  has  taken  out  $9100  dur- 
ing the  last  year. 

Some  eight  or  ten  other  quartz  enterprises 
have  been  worked  in  the  viciaity  with  varying 
BucoesB,  and  it  may  be  concluded  that  the  yield 
of  gold  bullion  for  Kern  county  for  the  paat 
year  will  not  fall  below  $100,000. 

There  has  also  been  some  prospecting  for  sil- 
ver, and   two  mines  were  struck  on   Cook's 


Peak,  in  Silverado  district,  six  miles  south  of 
Kernville,  which  promised  good  for  wages  in 
argentiferous  galena;  bat  as  the  parties  were 
prospecting  only  to  sell,  Buch  a  mine  was 
deemed  of  no  value. 

Another  mine  has  been  struck  on  Erakine 
creek,  12  miles  south  of  Kernville,  which  pre^ 
sents  some  peculiar  features.  The  ore  is  in 
round  or  kidney-shaped  masses,  ranging  from 
the  size  of  an  egg  to  100  pounds  in  weight,  of 
a  lead-gray  color,  inclining  to  silver-white,  of 
conchoidal  fracture;  specific  gravity  perhaps 
nine,  and  hardness  about  that  of  galena.  About 
two  tons  of  this  ore  have  been  taken  away  for 
samples.  Stephen  Barton. 

Kernville,  Kern  Co. 


Comslock  Ore  and  Bullion. 

The  following  are  the  statements  of  tbe  ore 
and  bullion  produced  by  the  several  Comstock 
mines  mentioned  below  for  the  quarter  ended 
March  31,  1890.  Statements  of  the  Alta,  Choi- 
lar  and  Justice  product  have  not  yet  been  filed 
with  the  Assessor  of  Storey  county,  Nevada: 

Con.  Gal.  and  Virginia. — Produced  25,680 
tons  of  ore,  yielding  bullion  valued  at  $469,- 
574.66;  total  cost  of  extraction,  $198.656  40; 
oo8t  nf  redaction,  including  transportation, 
$179,760;  total  cost  of  production,  $373  416  40; 
yield  in  bullion  per  ton,  SIS,  10;  yield  above 
onst  of  production,  $91,158.60.  Bullion  tax, 
$4557.93. 

ChalUnge. — Produced  330  tons  of  ore,  yield- 
ing bullion  valued  at  $5024  10;  total  cost  of  ex- 
traction, transportation  and  reduction,  $11,- 
195  15;  cost  of  production  above  yield,  $6171.' 
15;  yield  in  bullion  per  ton,  $15  50. 

Confidence. — Produced  191  tons  cf  ore,  yield- 
ing bullion  valued  at  $289189;  total  cost  of 
extraction,  transportation  and  reduction,  $11,- 
126  23  ;  cost  of  production  above  yield, 
$8234  34. 

Con.  Imperial. — Producpd  212  tons  of  ore, 
yielding  bullion  valued  at  $3217.60;  total  cost 
of  extraction,  transportation  and  redaction, 
S21  881.45;  coat  of  production  above  yield, 
$18  663  85. 

Hale  and  Nor  cross.- — Produced  5859  tons  of 
ore,  yielding  bullion  valued  at  $67  668.98;  to- 
tal cost  of  extraction,  transportation  and  re- 
duction, $104  359.77;  cost  of  production  above 
vield,  $36,690.79;  yield  in  bullion  per  ton, 
$11  90, 

OfcrmaK,— Produced  1670  tons  of  ore,  yield- 
ing bullion  valued  at  $22,597.10;  cost  of  ex- 
traction, $15  224.22;  transportation,  $1670;  re- 
duction,  $10,020;  total  coat,  $17  914  22;  yield 
above  cost  of  production,  $4682.97;  bullion  tax, 
$234  14. 

Sauaje,— Produced  4570  tons  of  ore,  yielding 
bullion  valued  at  $65,79576;  total  coat  of  ex- 
tTaction,  transportation  and  reduction,  $80,- 
718  68;  cost  of  production  above  yield,  $14,- 
922.92;  yield  in  bullion  per  ton.  $18.16. 

Yelloio  Jacket. — Produced  3608  tons  of  ore, 
yielding  bullion  valued  at  $53,999  62;  onst  of 
extraction,  $29,877  57;  transportation,  $3608; 
coat  of  reductiop,  $18  000  80;  total  cost  of  pro- 
duction. $51  526  37;  yield  above  cnet  of  produc- 
tion, $2466.25;  bullion  tax,  $123  31. 


The  Comstock  Lode. — The  general  outlook 
on  the  lode  is  favorable  without  being  exciting. 
It  promises  good  returns  for  regular  working, 
but  just  at  present  nothing  is  in  sight  on  which 
to  found  a  boom.  In  several  leading  mines, 
prospecting  drifts  are  advancing  in  a  fertile 
formation  with  some  metal  showing,  .and  in 
these  there  is  a  ohance  for  the  *' unexpected" 
to  happen.  The  reopening  of  the  deep  levels 
of  the  Gold  Hill  mines  will  add  to  the  average 
solidity  of  the  Oorastook  situation,  whether  or 
not  any  new  development  shall  be  made  that 
will  result  in  speculative  movements.  This, 
however,  will  be  a  matter  that  will  not  in  any 
way  materially  influence  the  price  of  mining 
shares  until  some  time  next  fall.  lo  the  mean- 
time the  Comstock  will  undoubtedly  enjoy  a 
season  of  solid  prosperity,  as  the  indioations  at 
present  are  that  the  mills  will  be  able  to  run 
nearly  all  summer;  therefore  the  miners  will  be 
able  to  get  in  about  two  months'  extra  work, 
which  means  about  half  a  million  more  than 
usual  distributed  among  our  people. 


The  Iron  and  Steel  Company, — A  meeting 
of  the  stockholders  of  the  California  Iron  and 
Steel  Company  wag  held  last  week  for  the  pur- 
pose of  getting  the  stockholders  to  authorize 
the  Board  of  Directors  to  issue  bonds  to  the 
amount  ol  $100,000,  to  be  secured  by  a  mort 
gago  upon  the  real  estate  of  the  company,  to 
run  five  years  at  six  per  cent  interest,  the 
money  to  be  used  to  pay  off  the  liabilities  of  the 
company.  The  authority  asked  for  was  givpn, 
and  the  old  bondholders  will  be  paid  $72,000, 
and  the  balance  of  $18,000  will  be  used  to  pay 
off  all  other  outstanding  indebtedness  and  leave 
the  property,  which  is  valued  at  $350,000,  free. 
This  will  put  an  end  to  litigation,  which  has 
hampered  the  company  for  some  time,  and  give 
it  a  fresh  start. 

Cedros  Island  Mining.— Advices  from  San 
Diego  say :  The  Cedros  Island  Mining  Co.  has 
chartered  the  Carlos  Paoheco  to  make  regular 
trips  between  this  point  and  the  island,  taking 
down  supplies  and  returning  with  ore.  The 
company  already  has  four  sailing  vessels,  mostly 
schooners,  plying  between  the  above  points, 
but  ore  is  not  coming  up  as  fast  as  it  is  taken 
out,  and  larger  carrying  facilities  had  to  be  se- 
cured.    The  ore  is  of  high  grade. 


The    Deep  (jold  Placers  of  California. 

NUMBER    V. 

Writteu  for  the  Press  and  Ciiiiyiiglited  1890,  bj'  Henry 
G.  Hakks,  F.  G.  S.  a.,  F.  G.  S-l 

Channel  Filling— Minerals. 

Other  minerals  besides  quartz  are  found  in 
the  deep  channels  and  in  the  hydraulic  and 
shallow  placers — some  on  the  bedrock,  some 
disseminated  throughout  the  mass;  but  the 
quantity  is  extremely  small  as  compared  with 
the  quartz  and  clay. 

As  far  as  my  observation  goes,  the  following 
comprise  all  the  channel  minerals: 

Albite,  augite,  barite,  ohromite,  cinnabar, 
corundum,  diamond,  galena,  garnet,  gold, 
graphite,  gypsum,  Umenite,  iridium,  lead,  lig- 
nite, limonite,  magnetite,  orthoclase,  platinum, 
platiniridium,  pyrite,  pyrolusite,  serpentine, 
stream  tin,  water,  zircon. 

None  have  sufficient  economic  value  to  be 
worth  extracting  except  gold,  for  the  sake  of 
which  the  most  stupendous  operations  have 
been  undertaken  and  successfully  prosecutedv< 

Albite  (^oda  feldspar)  is  of  rare  occurrence  in 
shallow  placer  mines,  and  is  almost  universally 
associated  with  other  minerals  in  the  form  of 
pebbles.     It  is  unknown  in  the  deep  placers, 

Augite  ('ilicate  of  lime,  magnesia,  iron,  etc.). 
This  mineral  occurs  as  one  of  the  oonstitneuts 
of  certain  lavas  found  in  the  form  of  bowlders 
and  pebbles  in  some  shallow  placers  in  Cilifor* 
nia,  notably  in  Black.  Hawk  Canyon,  San  Bar- 
nardino  county,  with  gold,  copper  and  lead 
ores. 

Barite  (sulphate  of  baryta)  has  been  observed 
at  the  Malakoff  hydraulic  mine,  North  B  oom- 
field,  Nevada  county.  It  appears  only  in  the 
cleanup  in  email  rounded  pebbles;  it  is  not  com- 
mon. Other  localities  no  doubt  exist,  for  the 
mineral  in  veins  is  quite  abundant  in  this  State 
and  others  on  the  PaciGo  Coast, 

Ckromiic  (chromia  iron)  generally  in  a  finely 
divided  state  constitutes  a  portion  of  the  con- 
centrates which  accumulate  in  the  sluices  and 
unddrourrents  in  numerous  hydraulic  mines. 
It  is  a  common  mineral  in  California  in  serpen- 
tine, which  rock  is  often  deeply  cut  by  the 
aurifercuB  channels. 

Ciymaftar  (sulphide  of  mercury), — This  min- 
eral is  touod,  but  rarely,  as  a  scarlet  powder  in 
the  cleanup  washings  made  in  shallow  placer 
mines.  Cinnabar  is  a  common  mineral  id  the 
Coast  Eange  of  mountains,  but  is  unknown  in 
place  on  the  western  slope  of  the  higher  Sierra 
Nevada. 

Corundum  (impure  alumina)  is  known  to  oc- 
cur in  the  drift  in  the  San  Franciequito  Pass 
(Richthoven),  and  is  said  to  be  found  in  clean- 
ing up  placer  mines  in  the  southern  part  of  the 
State.  Fine  specimens  resembling  the  rolled 
masses  brought  from  India  are  found  in  the 
placer  mines  in  Stanley  Bisin,  Custer  county, 
Idaho. 

Diamond  (crystallized  oarbon).  Diamonds 
have  been  found  in  at  least  five  counties  in 
California,  and  always  in  mining  for  gold. 
There  has  never  been  any  systematic  search  for 
them,  but  it  is  the  opinion  of  some  miners  that 
more  could  be  obtained  if  sought.  The  noted 
localities  are  near  Volcano  in  Amador  county; 
Spring  Valley  hydraulic  mine  near  Cherokee, 
Butte  county;  near  Placerville,  El  Dorado 
county;  and  in  the  platinum  sands  of  the  Trin* 
ity  river,  Trinity  county. 

Galena  (sulphide  of  lead).  Pebbles  and  bowl- 
ders of  vein  matter  containing  galena  are  some- 
times found  even  in  the  deep  placers,  but  they 
are  of  rare  occurrence.  Some  of  the  quartz 
mines  now  being  worked  at  a  lower  aUitude 
contain  this  mineral  in  considerable  abundance, 
which  was  probably  the  case  in  the  veins  that 
once  existed  in  the  eroded  bedrocks,  bat  being  of 
a  fragile  nature,  the  galena  must  have  been 
lost  to  view  or  changed  toother  minerals. 

Garnet  (anhydrous  silicate  of  sundry  bases). 
Garnets  are  often  found  in  tbe  channel  filling; 
in  fact  it  is  hardly  possible  to  find  close  con- 
centrates without  them.  The  species  have 
never  been  determined;  they  are  generally  very 
small.  They  were  detected  by  me  in  the  Ohio 
glacial  drift,  as  shown  elsewhere. 

Gold  — Although  this  is  the  most  valuable 
mineral  found  in  the  channel  filling,  the  quan- 
tity is  much  smaller,  bulk  for  bulk,  than  most 
of  the  others.  It  is  not  generally  known  how 
very  small  the  quantity  of  gold  is,  as  com- 
pared with  the  amount  of  earthy  matter  in 
the  channels. 

The  early  miner  gathered  the  gold  which  had 
been  concentrated  by  long-continued  geologi- 
c  A  forces.  The  drift  miner  does  the  same 
thing  but  in  a  different  manner,  and  not  with- 
out the  investment  of  a  large  capital  in  money 
and  labor.  He  takes  the  coarse  gold  only, 
found  on  or  near  the  bedrock,  but  rejects,  as 
worthless,  channel  matter  quite  as  rich  in  tbe 
precious  metal  as  the  average  worked  by  the 
hydraulic  miner. 

The  following  figures  will  convey  to  the  mind 
of  the  reader  some  idea  of  the  vast  amount  of 
labor  and  capital  invested  in  gold  mining  in 
California,  and  how  small  the  per  cent  of 
yield.  Taking  the  North  Bloomfield  hydraulic 
mine  as  a  type,  and  assuming  that  the  drift 
mines  are  no  richer,  if  the  entire  ohannel  filling 
is  included  in  the  estimate,  it  may  be  shown 
from  the  ofl&cial  reports  of  the  company  that 
the  total  cubic  yards  washed  from  the  top  and 
bottom  gravel  from  Nov.  29,  1S76,  to  Oot.  13, 


Mat  3,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


297 


1877,    WM  2  '2'J.i  !aO.     The   yi^-ld    of  gold  waa 
12.7  c«iita  per  uabio  yard,  or  $-291,3.29.11. 

Ktoh  cab'u  yard  of  thia  gravel  averaged  1  8 
tons  in  weight  (-i.iOli.iKtO  ■  1  8  ■  ,2000 -S  258, ■ 
148  000  poooda  avolrdupola  )  Ooe  poaod  of 
pare  sold  bnine  worth  $.'101  46,  therefore 
($291,329.11  :  $'.m  4G^9*iG  3    poonda  of   pure 

gold),  then  the  pouoda  of  gravel  being  divided 
ythepoaadaof  gold,  we  tiod  that  S.5-l().t53 
parte  of  gravel  moat  be  worked  to  obtaio  one 
part  of  gold. 

Geoes's  and  Placement. 

There  haa  been  much  oootroveray  amoDg 
geologiata  aa  to  the  geneBla  of  gold,  or  rather 
Ika  plaoemeot  in  the  qaart;i^  veio  matter,  whioh 
la  regarded  by  mioera  aa  **  the  mother  of  gold." 
The  moat  rational  hypothceia  to  my  mind  ia 
that  gold  which  daring  the  gaaeous  state  of 
the  earth  gravitated  to  or  near  ita  center,  has 
been  brouKht  to  the  auifaoe  mecbanioally  by 
Qpheaval  and  eruption  of  plutonio  rccke;  tbeee 
being  diaiut*  grated  and  comminuted,  it  waa 
wafted  to  ancitint  aeaa  and  became  one  of  the 
oonatitaenta  of  aodimeotary  rocke,  now  the  eo- 
called  bedrocks.  Solfataric  action  sabaeqnently 
filled  accidental  Sesurea  and  at  the  same  time 
deposited  the  gold  gathered  from  the  generally 
sedimentary  wall  rocks. 

.N'otwithstanding  the  opinion  of  others,  my 
own  belief  ia,  that  nupgots  aa  snob,  freed 
from  the  veio  matter  in  which  tbey  once  lay, 
do  not  grow,  bat  on  the  contrary  diminish  in 
size  until  wholly  changed  to  float  gold,  whioh  ia 
borne  again  to  the  aea. 

I  waa  once  aaked  by  a  person  holding  a  dif- 
ferent opinion  why  it  was  that  we  tind  in 
placera  larger  maaaes  (auggete)  of  gold  than 
we  ever  do  in  quartz  mines.  My  reply  was 
that  the  denudation  which  freed  the  p'acer 
gold  from  the  quartz  was  so  far  greater  than 
that  by  any  mioing  operation,  that  the  chances 
of  the  occurrence  of  such  maeeea  ia  in  the 
former  case  greatly  multiplied. 

John  Hatohioaon  ("  State  of  Nature  or  In- 
stioots,  with  a  Treatise  on  Mining  and  Obser- 
vations in  1706,  London,  1749")  expressed  the 
opinion  that  mineral  veins  were  filled  from  the 
wall  rocka  in  the  following  worda  :  Fol.  ISM. 
"Aa  Spar  and  Lime  Stone  ocroos  Powder  in 
Grit,  Talk  called  by  several  names  Cockle, 
Blackjack  ko  in  several  Sorts  of  Stone  and 
always  in  one  or  both  of  the  Sides  or  Strata 
which  include  the  Vein  at  the  same  Level  or  at 
diflfarent  Dapths  such  are  found  in  the  vein  and 
are  D^jmonstrations  that  as  that  Matter  came 
with  the  Ore  that  Matter  and  the  Ore  came  out 
of  the  next  adjoining  Strata."  " 

A  farther  perusal  of  this  remarkable  work 
would  be  of  interest  to  those  who  think  theee 
ideas  modern. 

William  Wallace  ("The  Liwa  which  Regu- 
late the  Daposition  of  Lead  Ores  In  Veins,  Lou- 
don. 1861,")  wrote  an  able  work  on  this  aubjaot, 
and  I  believe  that  most  geologists  now  admit 
the  conveyance  of  metallic  minerals  in  solution, 
and  their  placement  in  veins. 

When  we  have  expressed  the  opinion  that 
the  gold  in  the  placers  came  mostly  from  quartz 
veins,  it  may  be  asked^  How  came  the  gold  in 
the  quartz  ?  In  reply  to  this  supposititious  ques- 
tion, the  field  will  broaden  and  we  sbail  be 
compelled  to  admit  that  farther  statement  must 
be  coDJactaral. 

If  we  express  an  opinion  that  gold  was  de* 
posited  in  veins,  by  intiltration  from  sediments 
changing  to  rocks,  the  question  will  follow. 
Whence  the  gold  in  the  sediment  ?  and  the  only 
reply  that  can  be  made  will  be  that  it  was 
probably  in  the  eruptive  rocba  from  which  the 
sediments  were  formed,  and  that  it  was  brought 
up  bv  them  from  the  interior  of  the  earth.  It 
ia  sufficient  for  our  present  purpose  to  assume 
that  the  direct  source  of  the  gold  in  the  deep 
placers  was  the  quartz  veins  and  the  pyrites  iu 
the  slate  bedrock. 

Geologists  seventy-five  years  ago  generally 
believed  that  thermal  springs  owed  their  heat 
to  volcanic  agencies,  and  supported  their  opin* 
Ion  by  calling  attention  to  the  numerous  earth- 
quakes. 

Solfatara  were  called  lumavols  by  Pinkerton 
{Petrology,  London,  ISOO),  or  pseudo-volcanoes 
and  volcanello.  He  describes  spontaneous  com- 
bustion of  peat  and  lignite.  The  mountain  of 
Cransao  was  burning  in  tho  year  1400,  the  hill 
of  Fontaynea  took  fire  in  1763,  the  miners  hav- 
ing been  in  the  habit  of  taking  out  the  targe 
coal  and  leaving  the  slack,  which  fermented 
and  ignited.  The  same  thing  happened  near 
Reno  in  Nevada  a  few  years  ago. 

The  solfataric  theory  of  the  filling  of  fissures 
in  the  surface  rocks  of  the  earth  may  be  stated, 
in  general  terms,  as  follows: 

An  accidental  crack  or  fissure  is  caused  by 
upheaval,  earthquake,  plication,  or  other  mani- 
festation of  contraction,  resulting  from  the 
gradual  cooling  of  the  planet.  When  a  fissure 
was  made,  the  hot  water,  now  become  a  stronger 
mineral  solvent,  would  not  only  take  up  matter 
in  solution,  but  would  bring  together  chemical 
Bubstances-,  some  having  an  affinity  while  others 
were  antagonistic.  A  sort  of  natural  chemical 
laboratory  would  thus  be  established,  causing 
endle°8  changes  and  resulting  in  the  gradual 
filling  of  the  vein  with  such  elements  and  com- 
pounds as  were  within  the  reach  of  the  collect- 
ing forces. 

It  must  be  clear- that  no  gold  could  by  any 
possibility  be  deposited  in  a  mineral  vein  unless 
the  metal  existed  somewhere  in  the  rocks  with- 
in the  iofiuence  of  the  local  chemical  action. 
This  would  be  true  of  all  the  other  minerals 
and  metals.  In  all  parts  of  the  earth's  eurface, 
veins  have  been  filled,  are  being  filled,  and  will 
be  filled   in  the  future;  but  if  the  minerals  de- 


;  posited  are  valueteas,  they  pass  without  notice. 
j  In  countries  where  gold,  ailver   and   other   de- 
I  alrable   aietala   are    found,  nature   baa   aimply 
;  collected      those      accidentally      dleaemlnated 
through  the  rooka,  and  condensed  them  in  the 
mineral  veins,  where  we  disoover  and  extract 
them.     In  conaideriog  this  aubject,  no  account 
oiuat   be  taken  of  time,  for  theae   changes  are 
alow.     A  vein    may  be   filled,  the   surface   de- 
nuded, and  the  metals  aoattered,  oxidized,  and 
combined    with   otbera,    ecorea   of    timer;  new 
fiiaures  formed  and  the  metala,  to  a  certain  ex- 
tent, collected   again  and  again,  and  deposited 
in  new  forma. 

Thia  may  at  the  preaent  time  be  observed  in 
aotiva  progress  at  Steamboat  Sorioga,  Nevada; 
at  the  Geyaera;  at  the  Mod  Volcanoes  in  Saa 
DJego  oouDty ;  In  C^ao  District,  Inyo  county  ;  at 
the  Redington  quicksilver  mine,  Like  coun- 
ty; at  Sulphur  Creek,  Ootusa  county;  at  Sul- 
phur Bank,  Like  county;  and  other  looalitiea. 
Dr.  Oiland,  Prof.  Joseph  Ls  Uonte,  Prof.  J.  D, 
Whitney,  and  other  writers  in  our  State  and 
elsewhere  have  oalled  attention  to  these  phe* 
nomena. 

There  is  a  continuous  mineral-bearing  for- 
mation in  California,  which  extends  through 
the  entire  State.  It  ia  aomewhat  hypothetical, 
and  while  known  as  "the  great  mother  lode," 
and  credited  with  producing  all  or  nearly  all 
the  gold  In  the  placers,  it  is  now  certain  that 
this  is  a  mistake,  and  that  the  true  source  of 
the  preolouB  metal  in  the  deep  placers  waa  the 
namerous  quarlz  veins  and  pyrite  crystals  in 
the  uplying  bedrocks  of  the  high  Sierra.  I  was 
an  advocate  of  the  mother-lode  theory  until  ob- 
servation caused  me  to  change  my  opinion.  It 
is  now  a  woll-establisbed  fact  that  gold  occurs 
in  the  ohlorite  and  talcoee  schists  of  the  bed- 
rocks themselves  as  well  as  in  the  quartz  veins, 
rarely  free,  but  generally  in  cubes  of  limonite, 
pseudomorpha  after  pyrite,  sometimes  half 
changed  only.  G^ld  relea^ied  from  such  a  me- 
chanical combination  is  so  finely  divided,  as  a 
rule,  that  it  woald  eatily  be  washed  away  as 
soon  as  freed,  and  in  my  opinion  it  could  not 
form  nuggets  or  aggrfgatlooe  without  being 
placed  in  veins  by  the  natural  process  described. 

If  such  crystals  were  crushed  and  in  part 
roasted,  the  gold  could  be  easily  collected  by 
the  chlorination  process;  but  they  are  so  scat- 
tered through  the  rocks  that  they  could  not  be 
separated  without  crushing  the  whole  mass, 
which  would  neceisitate  substquent  ooncentra* 
tion — an  operation  too  expensive  to  be  profit- 
able. 

It  Is  my  opinion  that  it  may  eventually  be 
found  worth  while  to  crush  the  quartz 
bowlders  in  the  gravels.  It  is  certainly  cheaper 
to  collect  these  than  to  sink  deep  and  extensive 
shafts  and  mine  this  quartz  in  place.  That 
they  contain  gold,  may  be  safely  assumed,  and 
with  cheaper  labor,  water-power,  and  the  in- 
creased value  of  the  bullion  product,  it  may  be 
found  worth  while  to  make  the  experiment  on 
a  large  scale,  much  as  the  Alaskan  gold  mines 
are  now  being  worked. 

Distribution  of  Gold. 

While  most  of  the  coarse  gold  in  the  drift 
mines  lies  on  the  bedrock,  that  in  a  finer  con 
dition  is  disseminated  throagh  the  entire 
channel  filling  to  the  lava  roof.  As  the  upper 
gravels  are  too  poor  to  be  worked  by  any  known 
process  other  than  the  hydraulic,  millions  of 
dollars  worth  of  gold  will  for  the  present  re- 
main beyond  the  reach  of  man.  The  gold- 
miners  make  a  distinction  between  the  rich 
stratum  and  the  poor  gravels  above.  Tbey 
have  in  nse  the  term  **  pay  dirt"  or  "pay 
gravel,"  which  refers  to  earthy  matter  met 
wi'h  in  their  mining  operations  which  oontains 
gold  enough  to  return  the  expenses  incurred  in 
its  extraction  and  leave  a  margin  of  prnfit,  be  it 
great  or  email.  When  the  yield  is  sufficient  to 
allow  all  those  engaged  what  they  could  earn  If 
employed  elsewhere  by  the  day,  they  say  that 
the  claim  "  pays  wages."  They  estimate 
values  in  prospecting  by  the  amount  of  gold 
contained  in  a  common  miner's  pan  in  a  single 
operation  of  washing  the  pan  full  of  earthy 
matter,  and  calculate  with  singular  accuracy, 
"five  cents  to  the  pan,"  or  any  number  of 
cents,  as  the  case  may  be.  Any  particle  of 
gold  remaining  in  the  pan,  regardless  of  size, 
ia  called  a  color.  By  long  practice,  Ihpv  judge 
the  value  of  each  color  by  the  eye,  sufficiently 
near  the  truth  to  know  if  the  prospect  will  pay 
to  wash  on  a  large  scale  or  not.  Tbey  are  too 
wise  to  trust  to  a  few  such  tests,  but  before  en- 
gaging in  any  extensive  operation,  spend  some 
times  months  In  such  a  system  of  prospecting 
and  average  up  the  results  with  the  greatest  care. 
Physical  Condition  of  the  Gold. 

There  is  a  marked  difference  between  the 
condition  of  the  ^o^^^  ^<^  ^be  deep  placers  and 
that  found  far  from  its  source.  This  fact  is  a 
strong  argument  in  favor  of  the  glacial  theory. 

Gold  ia  always  found  in  the  deep  placers  in  a 
metallic  state ;  in  fact  there  is  no  mineral  in 
which  gold  has  been  proved  to  exist  in  any 
other  condition.  In  the  so-called  tellurides  it 
is  my  opinion  that  the  gold  ia  with  the  tellu- 
rium a  mechanical  mixture.  We  believe  that 
gold  ia  conveyed  in  solution  and  deposited  in 
vein  matter,  yet  it  is  not  impossible  that  in 
some,  if  not  in  all  the  cases,  the  gold  may  re* 
main  metallic,  but  so  finely  divided  that  it  has 
some  of  the  properties  of  a  fluid.  Gold  in  some 
of  the  pyrites  crystals  mentioned  is  in  such  a 
condition. 

If  gold  is  precipitated  from  a  very  weak  solu- 
tion by  protosulphate  of  iron,  some  of  the 
metallic  precipitate  will  remain  in  suppensR  for 
hours,  if  not  for  days,  and  a  portion  will  float 
on  the  surface  of  the  solution  in  a  golden  skim. 


After  a  majority  of  the  gold  has  aettled,  the 
liquor  will  still  retain  for  aometimea  purple  tinge 
from  the  gold  in  auspense.  Some  gold  exiata 
in  all  the  placera  ao  fine  that  It  will  visibly 
flaat  and  will  leave  the  pan  in  apitc  of  the  best 
endeavors  of  the  moat  akitlful  panner.  This 
fact  is  well  known  among  miners  and  ia  the 
friquent  theme  of  conversation.  To  save  thia 
float  gold,  many  prooeeaea  and  varieties  of  ap- 
paratus have  been  inveated,  but  the  float  gold 
eludes  them  all. 

It  is  not  usual  to  see  gold  in  quartz  bowl- 
dera,  although  It  is  almost  certain  that  it  all 
came  from  juet  such  quartz  veina  as  those  now 
being  worked  in  various  parts  of  the  State.  A 
few  Inatanoea  of  bowldera  rloh  in  gold  have 
oome  to  my  notice.  A  ppeolmen  was  shown  to 
me  some  years  ago  by  Dr.  Robert  Bowie,  found 
in  the  Homeward  Bound  placer  mine,  near 
Iowa  Hill,  Placer  county,  on  the  bedrock;  it 
was  auriferous  quartz  showing  the  vein  origin 
of  placer  gold.  A  large  and  very  rioh  milk- 
white  bowlder  was  found  at  the  Polar  Star 
hydraulic  mine  near  Dutch  Flat  in  Placer 
county,  which  I  examined.  The  gold  was 
bright  and  imbedded  in  the  quartz.  The  bowl- 
der waa  rounded  like  others  in  the  claim,  and 
it  is  fair  to  assume  that  if  this  was  from  a 
veio.  the  others  were  so  also.  A  bowlder  from 
the  Darbeo  drift  mine,  rich  in  gold,  was  of  the 
characteristic  blue  quartz  peculiar  to  the  deep 
placers. 

There  is  a  distinctive  character  to  the  gold 
from  different  mines,  its  fineness  also  differing. 
The  word  fineness  as  applied  to  gold  has  a 
double  meaning — mechanical  division  and  the 
quantity  of  foreign  matter  alloyed  in  it.  The 
tatter  sense  is  intended  here.  Gold  in  the 
deep  placers  has  no  luster,  many  of  the  grains 
have  no  appearance  of  gold,  but  more  reaemble 
magnetic  sands.  On  examination,  this  is  found 
to  be  due  to  a  coating  which  sometimes  partly 
and  sometimes  wholly  envelopes  the  metal.  Ao 
inexperienced  person  would  never  suspect  the 
real  character  of  this  coated  or  **  rusty " 
gold,  as  it  is  called   by  the  California   miner. 

It  Is  fortunate  that  all  the  gold  is  not  in  thia 
condition,  for  when  so  coated  it  cannot  be 
amalgamated  and  is  wholly  or  in  part  lost. 
Certain  writers  on  metallurgy  in  the  Eistern 
States  and  Europe  have  denied  the  existence  of 
rnsty  or  coated  gold,  and  have  implied  that  we 
are  mistaken,  because  they  have  not  seen  it  in 
this  condition.  If  they  or  others  interested  in 
this  subject  should  visit  Sau  Francieco,  I  shall 
be  pleased  to  show  them  specimens  from  various 
localities,  the  examination  of  which  cannot  fail 
to  convince  them 

Several  gentlemen  in  San  Franoisoo  have 
made  a  study  of  this  rusty  gold  for  years, 
among  whom  I  may  mention  Melville  Attwood, 
F.  G.  S.,  and  Mr.  A.  B.  Paal.  Both  have  pub- 
lished papers  on  this  subject  which  are  of  great 
interest. 

Miners  in  California  at  an  early  date  discov- 
ered that  some  placer  gold  was  clean  and  of  a 
yellow  color,  with  highly  metallic  luster,  while 
in  others  it  was  dark-colored,  sometimes  quite 
black  and  wholly  nnlike  gold,  except  that  it 
"stayed  in  the  pan,"  flittened  under  the  ham- 
mer, and  was  not  attracted  by  the  magnet. 
When  cut  with  a  knife,  or  melted  before  the 
blowpipe,  it  was  found  to  be  gold,  and  displayed 
the  characteristic  color. 

While  the  former  amalgamated  perfeotly, 
the  latter  was  wholly  indifferent  to  mercury 
and  coald  be  washed  from  a  pan  of  quicksilver 
by  a  moderate  force  of  water  in  motion.  While 
these  facts  were  well  known,  the  reasons  were 
not,  and  although  the  miners  were  well  aware 
that  a  large  porcion  of  gold  in  the  first  opera- 
tion passed  through  the  slnices,  undercurrents, 
grizzlies  and  other  appliances,  they  were  help- 
less to  prevent  it;  but  after  being  exposed  to 
atmospheric  influences  for  a  time,  it  became 
cleaner,  and  a  second  portion  oould  be  obtained 
by  another  washing.  At  Red  Gulch  in  El 
Dorado  county,  near  where  the  first  placer 
mines  were  discovered  in  1S4S,  it  has  been 
found  profi  able  to  work  the  placers  at  least 
seven  times  over.  It  is  from  this  circumstance 
that  the  idea  obtains  among  certain  miners  that 
the  gold  is  renewed,  or  that  it  "  grows  again," 
as  expressed  by  them.  Thia  ia  said  to  be  a 
common  opinion  among  Mexican  miners.  It 
was  noticed  that  the  gold  obtained  from  the 
quartz  mines  was  never  rusty,  and  that  river  gold 
was  much  less  so  than  that  in  the  deep  placers. 
These  considerations  led  me  aa  early  as  ISSO 
to  commence  a  series  of  experiments  and  physi- 
cal and  chemical  examinations  of  placer  gold, 
and  to  collect  specimens  from  as  many  locali- 
ties aa  possible,  which  I  have  continued  to  the 
present  time. 

In  that  year  I  called  attention  to  this  very 
interesting  and  important  subject  in  a  paper 
read  before  the  Sau  Francisco  Microscopical 
Society,  which  was  published  in  the  First  An- 
nual Report  of  the  State  Mineralogist,  18S1; 
and  a  second  paper  which  I  reproduoe  here 
becauee  it  oontains  certain  facts  that  have  a 
bearing  on  the  present  discussion  : 

"Some  years  ago  I  read  a  paper,  before  this 
society  on  '  Rusty  Gold,'  giving  the  result  of 
my  experiments  and  observations  up  to  that 
time.  I  have  since  continued  the  study  of 
placer  gold  in  this  abnormal  condition,  which 
has  led  to  the  diecovery  of  important  facts 
bearing  on  the  production  of  gold  in  California; 
and  as  these  discoveries  must  to  a  great  extent 
have  remained  unknown  were  it  not  for  the  mi- 
croscope, I  consider  this  society  the  proper  me- 
dium through  which  to  make  them  public. 

"  For  many  months  I  have  conducted  a  se- 
ries of  experiments  in  my  private  laboratory  on 
placer   gold  from   numerous   localities   in    the 


State.  I  have  also  studied  the  behavior  of 
gold  in  the  preaenoe  of  mercury  under  all  oon- 
ditlona  I  ooald  think  of,  the  reanlta  of  which 
have  been  carefully  recorded  and  preaerved  for 
publication,  the  most  important  of  which  may 
be  aummed  up  aa  follows: 

"  When  perfectly  clean  gold  ia  exposed  to 
the  action  of  pure  (luicksilver,  it  is  tnatantty 
aeized  by  the  latter  and  coated  with  amalgam. 
The  accident  of  gold  being  alloyed  with  other 
metals  in  nature  doea  not  impair  its  atliuity  for 
mercury,  if  the  surface  is  made  bright  meohan- 
ioallv  by  filing  or  scraping. 

"  Much  of  the  native  gold  found  in  plaoer 
mines,  apparently  clean.  Is  slightly  tarnished 
by  the  oxidizing  or  mineralizing  of  ita  alloy,  in 
whioh  case  it  amalgamates  with  ditliculty.  «I 
have  failed  in  every  Instance  to  find  gold  in 
quartz  in  thia  condition,  altbongh  intelligent 
miners  have  informed  me  that  they  have  eome- 
times  observed  it  in  their  experience.  A  large 
proportion  of  the  plaoer  gold  found  In  Califor- 
nia is  wholly  or  partly  coated  with  silica,  ce- 
mented by  seEqnioxIde  of  iron,  as  stated  in  my 
former  paper. 

"When  wholly  coated,  it  ia  perfectly  inert 
to  the  action  of  mercury.  One  might  as  well 
put  gold  into  a  glass  bottle  and  attempt  to 
amalgamate  it  from  the  outside.  When  partly 
coated,  the  exposed  parts  become  amalgamated; 
to  that  extent  only  is  the  gold  held  by  the  mer- 
cury. If  rusty  gold  is  digested  in  hydrochloric 
acid,  the  iron  is  dissolved  and  a  alight  mechan- 
ical force  then  serves  to  detach  the  silica,  when 
amalgamation  takes  place  without  difficulty. 
There  is  no  hope  of  being  able  to  free  gold  from 
this  coating  during  the  lew  hours  it  la  exposed 
to  the  forces  employed  in  the  well-known  hy- 
draulic process.  When  clean  gold  amalga- 
mates, it  does  not  become  homogeneous,  but 
the  amalgam  forms  only  on  the  surfaoe.  I 
have  had  a  piece  of  placer  gold  in  mercury 
standing  In  my  laboratory  for  eeveral  months, 
during  which  time  I  have  frequently  triturated 
it,  sometimes  eeveral  times  a  day,  and  it  is  not 
yet  dissolved;  still  In  pouring  it  from  one  ves- 
sel  to  another  the  mercury  fl:)ws  freely  without 
showing  the  gold,  but  I  can  at  any  time  fish  it 
up  with  my  finger.  Gold  so  amalgamated 
could  not,  in  the  proceea  of  placer  washing,  es- 
cape from  the  mercury;  but  coated  gold  under 
the  same  cironmstancea  will  float  on  the  surface 
of  the  quicksilver,  and  any  alight  force  will  de- 
tach it. 

"  The  coating  of  gold  may  be  imitated,  as 
found  by  experiment.  A  piece  of  pure  gold, 
after  annealing,  was  placed  in  pure  mercury, 
and  it  instantly  became  amalgamated.  An- 
other portion,  exactly  similar,  was  hammered 
on  a  perfectly  clean  and  polished  anvil,  and 
placed  in  mercury  like  the  first.  It  became  as 
quickly  amalgamated.  Pure  quartz  was  then 
ground  to  a  powder  and  sifted  on  the  anvil  in  a 
thin  stratum.  A  third  pieoe  of  the  same  gold 
was  then  laid  on  the  powdered  quartz,  struck 
several  times  with  the  hammer,  turned  over, 
placed  on  a  different  spot,  and  again  hammered. 
The  gold  was  then  examined  under  the  mioro- 
scope  and  seen  to  resemble  the  coated  gold 
found  in  the  placers,  the  quartz  particles  being 
imbedded  in  its  surface.  When  placed  in  mer- 
cury and  allowed  to  remain  for  some  time  with 
frequent  agitation,  it  floated  on  the  aurface  and 
seemed  to  be  wholly  unacted  upon;  but  when 
placed  under  the  microscope  it  was  found  that 
the  mercury  had  attacked  the  gold  through  the 
small  interstices,  but  only  to  a  very  limited  ex- 
tent. The  gold  was  then  placed  on  an  iron 
slab  and  gently  rubbed  with  an  iron  muUer,  by 
which  treatment  it  became  more  perfectly  coat- 
ed, and  was  now  an  exaot  imitation  of  the  nat- 
ural coated  gold,  minus  the  iron  cement.  In 
the  natural  coating  of  placer  gold,  I  consider 
the  cementing  to  be  a  secondary  process,  and 
the  serquioxide  of  iron  to  result  from  the  de- 
composing pyrite,  whioh  waa  abundant  in  the 
quartz  veins  that  yielded  the  gold." 

The  only  way  that  rusty  gold  can  be  collect- 
ed ia  by  taking  advantage  of  its  great  speclfio 
gravity  independent  of  mercury.  In  hydraulic 
mining  it  becomes  concentrated  like  the  zircons 
and  other  heavy  minerals,  but  it  has  often 
bsen  thrown  away  because  it  was  not  recog- 
nized as  gold.  There  is  no  evading  the  fact 
that  a  much  larger  quantity  of  gold  is  lost  in 
California  than  is  generally  admitted.  It  is 
my  opinion  that  fully  one-half  escapes  the 
miner.  This  condition  of  gold  is  not  confined 
to  California.  I  have  In  my  coUeotion  rusty 
gold  from  many  localities,  both  in  America  and 
elsewhere. 

I  am  of  the  opinion  that  the  gold  became 
coated  under  the  glacial  Ice  while  the  erosion 
of  the  rocks  was  in  progress.  The  Iron  cement, 
so  common  in  the  deep  placers,  results  from  the 
decomposition  of  pyrites  without  a  reasonable 
donbt;  and  the  "brickbat,"  both  here  and  in 
Georgia,  has  in  my  opinion  the  same  origin. 
That  the  gold  is  battered  and  rolled,  cannot 
be  doubted  by  a  careful  observer.  A  specimen 
given  to  me  by  Mr.  D.  Brabban  of  Laporte  is 
rolled  up  like  a  miniature  cigar,  exactly  like 
the  rolls  which  result  from  crushing  rich  gold 
quartz  on  an  iron  slab  under  an  iron  muUer. 


The  new  reservoir  of  the  Contra  Costa 
Water  Company  is  distant  2:}  miles  in  an  air 
line  from  the  City  Hall.  It  will  be  completed 
before  the  next  rainy  season.  About  130  men 
are  now  engaged  on  the  work  of  excavation. 
Many  more  will  be  employed  shortly.  The 
reservoir  and  pipe  connections  will  cost 
$350,000.     

The  soda  famine  in  England  is  likely  to  start 
up  operations  on  the  shores  of  Great  Salt  Lake. 


298 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[May  3,  1890 


IQlNlj^G   SUMMAF^Y, 

The  following  Is  mostly  condensed  from  journals  published 
in  the  interior,  in  proximity  bo  the  mines  mentioned. 


CALIFORNIA. 

Amador. 

Amador  Gold  Mine. — Ledger,  April  26:  About 
20  miners  were  started  to  work  last  Monday,  oper- 
ating three  machine  drills,  preparing  to  open  stopes. 
It  is  understood  thai  the  force  will  be  considerably 
increased  about  the  first  of  next  month.  The  work 
now  being  done  is  with  the  view  of  getting  the 
mill  started  at  the  earliest  possible  moment.  The 
rock-breaker  is  not  up  yet;  but  the  roads  are  rapidly 
getting  in  shape  to  admit  of  an  effort  being  made 
in  that  direction  at  an  early  date. 

Gardiner. — This  property  continues  to  develop 
very  satisfactorily.  The  ore  that  has  lately  been 
taken  from  the  tunnel  shows  abundance  of  sul- 
phurets  and  some  free  gold.  Robert  Stevenson 
and  two  other  interested  parties  from  San  Fran- 
cisco paid  a  visit  to  the  claim  a  few  days  ago,  and 
were  much  pleased  with  the  outlook.  The  rock  in 
sight  is  said  to  be  sufficient  to  keep  a  large  mill 
running  for  years.  There  is  little  doubt  that  the 
parties  will  redeem  the  bond  when  it  becomes  due, 
if  not  before,  There  is  renewed  talk  of  building  a 
mill  this  summer. 

Notes.— The  Plymouth  Consolidated  is  run- 
ning 20  stamps  steadily.  At  the  New  London, 
things  are  moving  along  very  steadily  and  quietly. 
Several  cleanups  have  been  made,  but  the  yield  is 
not  generally  known.  There  is  little  reason  to 
doubt,  however,  that  the  property  is  paying  very 
well.  Reeves  mill,  between  the  Cosmopolitan  and 
New  London,  is  also  kept  moving  to  its  full  ca- 
pacity, but  the  surrender  of  the  ore  is  likewise  kept 
locked  up  in  the  breasts  of  the  few  who  are  in  the 
secret.  At  the  Cosmopolitan  two  tunnels  are  be- 
ing driven  in  a  northerly  direction. 

Calaveras. 

Gold  by  the  PovsD.—Prospecf,  May  23:  Judge 
Ira  H.  Reed  was  the  recipient  from  his  mine  at 
Central  Hill  on  Monday  last  of  a  pan  of  coarse  gold 
weighing  123  ounces.  One  nugget  was  valued  at 
$t8  and  dozens  ran  from  $1.50  to  $2.50  each.  The 
total  value  was  $2149.40. 

West  Point. — Cor.  Calaveras  Chronicle,  April 
26:  In  order  to  show  outside  capitalists  and  mining 
men  the  resources  of  the  West  Point  mining  district, 
I  will  mention  some  of  the  properties.  Starting 
from  the  Keltz  mine,  owned  by  Peasley  &  Co.,  who 
have  a  ledge  of  high-grade  ore  about  four  feet  in 
width,  rianning  from  $15  to  $75  per  ton,  we  go  south 
about  one  mile,  when  we  come  to  the  Hall  mine, 
from  which  there  has  been  taken  thousands  of  dollars. 
Next  come  the  John  Henry,  Modoc,  Wide  West, 
Tucker,  Bartolia,  and  the  Blazing  Star,  which  is  now 
in  operation  again.  Then  there  is  the  Tom  Payne, 
which  is  taking  out  some  very  rich  ore,  as  also  the 
old  Lockwood,  which  has  turned  out  fabulous 
wealth  and  is  still  good,  with  a  lo-starap  mill  and  a 
full  force  of  hands.  Then  comes  the  Scorpion,  a 
valuable  piece  of  mining  property,  which  is  bonded 
to  San  Francisco  parties.  There  is  a  five-foot  ledge 
of  good  ore  and  a  five-stamp  mill.  I  may  as  well 
embrace  one  or  two  of  our  poorest  mines,  such  as 
the  Champion,  which  has  turned  out  a  small  mint  of 
money,  and  to-day  would  be  one  of  the  best  claims 
in  the  State  if  properly  worked.  Then  going  from 
the  Champion  in  a  northwesterly  direction  about  two 
miles,  we  come  to  what  I  predict  to  be  one  of  the 
richest  mines  in  the  State,  known  as  the  Lone  Star, 
owned  by  Eastern  capitalists  and  superintended  by 
G.  L.  Brown.  The  mine  is  worked  through  tunnels. 
I  heard  from  good  authority  that  in  the  lower  tun- 
nel, the  ledge  was  over  nine  feet  in  width  from  the 
foot-wall  to  as  far  as  they  had  worked  toward  the 
hanging-wall,  the  latter  having  not  yet  been  reached. 
The  ore  is  of  a  high  grade  and  the  lead  is  pro- 
nounced by  good  judges  to  be  one  of  the  richest  and 
best  in  the  county.  The  company  has  a  20-stamp 
mill  which  is  kept  running  night  and  day.  We  are 
expecting  to  see  the  Riverside  start  up  shortly.  San 
Francisco  parties  are  at  present  negotiating  for  the 
property.  It  is  only  a  short  distance  from  the  Lone 
Star  and  is  a  good  mine.  The  smelting  works  are 
in  operation  and  are  doing  good  work.  They  talk 
of  enlarging  the  works  right  away.  This  is  a  good 
thing  for  the  mines  here,  as  it  does  away  with  ship- 
ping the  ore  to  San  Francisco,  which  takes  nearly 
$50  a  ton  off  from  the  rock.  They  have  a  fine  meth- 
od of  working  sulphurels. 

Bl  Dorado. 

Grizzly  Flat. — Cor.  Mountain  Democrat,  April 
25:  The  gravel  miners  are  jubilant  over  the  bounti- 
ful supply  of  water  and  are  ground-sluicing  and  hy- 
draulicking.  The  quartz  business  is  at^'a  standstill 
and  unless  a  move  is  soon  made  in  this  direction 
there  will  be  a  dull  summer  for  Grizzly.  There  was 
some  hope  of  the  Melton  starting  up,  and  Mr.  Stan- 
ley has  been  expected  up  for  that  purpose,  but  he 
does  not  put  in  an  appearance.  Unless  he  does,  the 
mine  is  apt  to  lay  idle.  Capt.  Smith,  the  veteran 
miner,  is  doing  his  best  to  develop  something  in  the 
Ml.  Pleasant.  He  is  working  the  drifts  day  and 
night,  and,  as  industry  deserves  success,  I  think  he 
will  have  it.  Companies  cannot  expect  to  make  a 
success  of  a  mine  unless  they  work  for  it,  and  can- 
not sell  unless  something  is  in  sight. 

Nevada. 

The  Washington  Mine. — Transcfipt,  Aprilsy: 
Gratifying  reports  continue  to  come  from  the  Wash- 
ington mine  at  Ormonde.  The  300-level  south  has 
goae  into  the  pay  chute  a  distance  of  200  feet  al- 
ready and  the  face  of  it  is  in  ore.  The  ledge  fills 
the  entire  drift,  showing  it  to  be  more  than  seven 
feet  thick,  and  the  quartz  is  the  best  yet  found  in 
the  mine.  Shaft  No.  2  is  being  sunk  and  will  be 
continued  downward  300  feet  more  before  stopping. 
The  capacity  of  the  20-stamp  mill  is  to  be  increased 
10  stamps  more,  and  new  and  heavy  hoisting  works 
are  to  be  erected  over  the  main  shaft  soon.  A  saw- 
mill will  also  be  put  up  this  season  by  the  company. 

Banner.  —  Tidings,  April  25:  The  new  shoot  of 
rich  ore  in  the  Banner  is  200  feet  in  length,  extend- 
ing from  a  point  in  the  tunnel  to  beyond  the  lowest 
workings  in  the  shaft.  The  outlook  for  a  profitable, 
permanent  mine  is  brighter  now  than  ever  before. 

North  Star. — Supt.  Abadie  informs  us  that  the 
water  will  be  out  of  the  1600  level  by  Monday  even- 
ing and  the  mine  cleared  within  three  weeks.  A  full 
force  of  men  is  at  work,  that  is,  a  force  sufficiently 
large  to  keep  the  40-stamp  mill  running  steadily. 


9  A  Tenderfoot's  Mine. — Tidings,  April  26:  A 
year  or  more  ago  a  San  Francisco  printer  named 
John  Tilton,  a  young  man,  prospected  for  cinnabar 
at  a  point  on  the  North  Bloomfield  road  near  Ed- 
wards' crossing.  He  was  bamboozled  into  prospect- 
ing for  cinnabar,  but  he  struck  a  90-foot  ledge  of 
quartz.  Mr.  Tilton  was  in  town  to-day  looking  for 
a  mill  of  from  two  to  five  stamps,  to  place  on  his 
mine.  He  brought  down  300  pounds  of  unassorted 
ore,  which  was  crushed  at  Frank  Johns'  mill  and 
yielded  (according  to  Mr.  Tilton)  $1  in  gold  and  150 
pounds  in  sulphurets.  From  ten  pounds  of  sutphur- 
ets  obtained  from  25  pounds  of  ore  some  months 
ago,  Mr.  Tilton  says  he  received  $17.50,  and  the 
sulphurets  now  on  hand  is  richer  in  appearance. 
The  mine  is  known  as  the  Cleveland  and  the 
workings  on  the  ledge  are  in  about  four  and  one- 
half  feet.  The  Souih  Yuba  river  runs  near  by,  thus 
providing  water  for  power.  If  Tilton  is  not  mis- 
leading himself  (he  declares  that  he  has  not  tested 
his  best  ore  and  that  the  cleanup  to-day  was  not 
complete),  he  evidently  has  a  bonanza. 

Crown  Point  Mine.— Grass  Valley  Union, 
April  26;  Appearances  are  favorable  for  a  strike  of 
rich  ore  in  the  Crown  Point  mine,  as  within  the  last 
few  days  the  slate  cap  that  is  found  on  the  hanging-  I 
wall  of  the  4ao-foot  level  has  been  showing  small 
stringers  of  quartz  that  are  rich  in  free  gold.  No 
well-defined  vein  of  quartz  has  yet  been  found,  but 
it  is  likely  to  come  in  at  any  time  from  these  indica- 
tions. The  ledge  may  come  in  on  the  hanging- 
wall,  where  it  was  found  in  the  levels  above,  or  it 
may  be  in  the  foot-wall  that  has  not  been  opened 
upon  yet.  The  stockholders  in  the  new  company 
are  feeling  much  encouraged  at  the  prospects. 

Eureka  District. — Cor.  Nevada  Transcript, 
April  26:  In  your  paper  of  April  12th  I  saw  a  com- 
munication from  J.  T.  Wickes,  on  mining  in  Wash- 
ington district.  In  that  letter  he  makes  a  statement 
that  should  be  corrected.  One  would  think  by  read- 
ing his  letter  that  all  the  mines  that  he  mentioned 
were  in  Washington  district,  when  five  of  the  quartz 
mines  referred  to  are  in  Eureka  district.  Other  cor- 
respondents from  Ormonde  and  Washington  to 
Nevada  City  papers  have  done  the  same  thing.  For 
the  benefit  of  the  Washington  correspondent  I  will 
give  the  locality  where  those  mines  are  situated,  so 
all  can  refer  to  the  map  of  Nevada  county  and  see 
if  they  are  writing  about  mines  in  Washington  dis- 
trict. In  section  35  are  the  Lucy,  Rising  Sun  and 
Star  mines.  In  section  34  are  the  Moore,  Rainbow 
and  Boston  mines.  The  latter  is  owned  by  a  com- 
pany in  San  Francisco,  and  is  in  charge  of  Victor 
Fernbach,  who  contemplates  building  a  mill  on  it  as 
soon  as  he  can  get  the  machinery  hauled  in.  They 
have  good  prospects  in  the  mine.  They  worked  a 
small  force  this  winter.  In  sections  34  and  35  is  the 
Baltic  property.  This  mine  has  been  idle  the  last 
year,  owing  to  bad  management,  but  there  are  pros- 
pects of  its  starting  again  this  spring.  In  section 
28  is  the  California.  In  section  21  are  the  Anchor, 
Erie,  Dublin  Biy  and  the  IXL  mines.  The  latter  is 
owned  by  P.  A.  Campbell  and  a  company  of  S.  F., 
and  is  under  the  able  management  of  Mr.  Camp- 
bell. They  work  through  a  tunnel  that  runs  in 
from  the  mill  and  that  tunnel  will  give  them  1000 
feet  depth  on  the  ledge.  They  have  had  pay  rock 
from  the  first  blast.  They  will  build  an  additional 
20  stamps  this  summer.  Mr.  Campbell  is  now  run- 
ning the  mill  that  he  erected  last  fall.  The  ledge  is 
14  feet  wide  as  far  as  they  have  run  their  tunnel, 
with  prospects  of  being  larger.  In  section  30  is  situ- 
ated the  Spanish  mine.  There  is  also  a  belt  of  min- 
ing country  north  from  the  Baltic  property.  In  sec- 
tion 22  is  the  Golden  Age,  owned  by  parties  in  So- 
noma county  and  under  patent.  This  mine  has 
good  prospects.  In  section  15  are  the  Birchville, 
Iowa,  Sweet  and  Blue  Cloud.  The  three  former 
were  worked  some  years  ago  to  water  level  and  were 
good  gold -producers.  The  Blue  Cloud  is  a  new 
mine  that  is  opening  up  with  good  prospects.  In 
section  i6  are  the  Shepp  and  the  Rocky  Glen  mines. 
The  former  is  a  small  ledge  but  very  rich,  the  last 
rock  from  it  working  $54  per  ton.  The  Rocky  Glen 
is  owned  by  the  Hayward  Co.  There  has  been 
some  hundreds  of  thousands  of  dollars  taken  out  of 
this  mine.  It  is  the  only  mine  in  the  district  that 
has  been  sunk  on  below  what  could  be  tapped  by 
tunnel.  All  of  the  mines  mentioned  are  in  town- 
ship iS  N.,  Range  11  E  ,  M.  D.  B.  M.  All  of  said 
township  is  in  Eureka  mining  district,  There  are 
good  roads  connecting  all  the  mines  in  the  district 
with  Graniteville.  We  have  the  bfest  timbered  and 
watered  district  in  the  State  for  mining'purposes. 
We  have  two  sawmills  to  supply  all  lumber  that  is 
required  in  the  district. 

Inyo. 

Defiance. — Inyo  Register,  April  26:  Foreman 
Jas.  McDonald  has  received  instructions  from  P. 
Roddy,  owner  of  the  noted  Defiance  mine  at  Dar- 
win, to  push  certain  new  exploitations  in  the  mine 
to  determine  the  extent  of  the  known  bodies  of  low- 
grade  ore.  This  being  determined,  future  operations 
involve  the  continuation  of  the  Darwin  water- works 
to  the  mine  and  probable  placing  of  a  rock-breaker, 
roller  crushers  and  concentrators,  the  pt-irciple  of 
which  is  being  evolved  out  of  the  jigger  process. 

Fish  Springs. — McCarty's  two  arastras,  near  the 
old  Bond  place  at  Fish  Springs,  are  running  night 
and  day.  The  ore  assays  in  gold  about  $20.  and 
comes  from  the  McCarty  &  Melone  mine.  Fuller  &. 
Irving  are  also  with  them.  The  mines  are  south  of 
Fish  Springs,  across  the  spur  of  the  Sierras  which 
there  crosses  the  valley. 

Union. — Work  at  the  Union  mine,  Cerro  Gordo, 
is  being  systematically  shoved  along.  A  Burleigh 
air-compressor  and  three  Ingersoll  drills  are  on  the 
way  to  the  mine,  to  drive  on  the  700  level  of  the  new 
shaft  for  the  Union  ledge  and  for  the  continuation 
of  the  Santa  Maria  southward  on  the  387  level,  un- 
der the  Enterprise  ground. 

Placer. 

The  Moore  MiNh.—fferald.  April  26:  At  the 
Moore  mine,  they  have  started  the  steam  pump, 
and  expect  to  have  the  water  out  and  he  ready  to 
commence  extracting  ore  in  a  short  time.  This  is 
one  of  the  richest  leads  in  the  district.  Hereto- 
fore the  owners  have  done  all  the  work  that  has 
been  done.  This  year  they  expect  to  put  on  some 
extra  men  and  work  the  mine  on  a  more  extensive 
scale. 

The  Hathaway.— The  Hathaway  mine,  south 
of  Auburn  ravine,  a  short  distance  below  Ophir,  G. 
F.  Taylor,  superintendent,  is  proving  a  substantial 
and  profitable  enterprise.  They  are  working  now 
about  40  men  all  told,  and  the  20-stamp  mill  is 
kept  running  constantly  day  and  night.  They  are 
working  now  on  the  25o.foot  level.     The  vein  ^is 


from  two  to  three  feet  thick,  all  mill  ore,  and  pays 
from  $8  to  $10  a  ton.  The  mill  crushes  on  an  aver- 
age about  40  tons  a  day.  In  addition  to  the  free 
gold,  they  save  about  1500  pounds  of  sulphurets  a 
day,  which  assays  from  $150  to  S210  a  ton,  and 
works  from  90  to  95  per  cent  of  its  assay  value. 

The  Van  Vactor  Quartz  Mine.— Work  is  be- 
ing vigorously  prosecuted  at  the  Van  Vactor  quartz 
mine,  at  Canada  Hill.  The  great  depth  of  snow 
materially  delayed  the  erection  of  buildings,  but  the 
late  fair  weather  overhead  has  enabled  them  to 
make  excellent  progress  lately,  and  by  the  isth  of 
May  all  will  be  in  readiness  to  start  crushing  ore. 
The  almost  insurmountable  difficulties  overcome 
by  Mr.  Van  Vactor,  the  energetic  young  superin- 
tendent of  the  above  mine,  in  the  erection  of  the 
mill  during  the  past  severe  winter  amid  snow  from 
25  to  30  feet  deep,  and  in  having  everything  in 
readiness  to  begin  active  operations  so  early  in  the 
season,  reflects  great  credit  on  his  administrative 
ability  and  demonstrates  the  possibility  of  mining 
to  advantage  during  the  severest  winter  in  the  high 
altitudes,  when  proper  arrangements  are  made. 

The  Eclipse.— Last  summer  a  N.  Y.  Co.  got 
possession  of  the  old  Eclipse  quartz  mine,  located 
I  about  two  miles  west  of  Auburn,  and  under  the  su- 
I  perintendency  of  J.  B.  Patterson,  the  former  owner, 
has  been  busy  at  work  ever  since  erecting  hoist- 
ing works,  a  new  mill  and  developing  the  mine. 
They  have  been  delayed  by  the  excessive  rains  of 
the  past  winter,  but  at  this  writing  have  everything 
running  in  good  shape.  The  hoisting  works  and 
pump,  100  teet  from  the  mill,  are  run  by  a  4-foot 
Pelton  water-wheel,  and  are  so  complete  in  auto- 
matic appliances  that  one  man  receives  the  cars 
and  attends  to  everything.  The  mill  is  one  of  the 
finest  in  the  county.  Between  the  hoisting  works 
and  the  mill  is  an  elevated  railway,  along  which 
the  cars  are  run  and  from  which  the  ore  is  dumped 
into  the  large  ore  bin.  The  automatic  appliances 
are  here  again  so  complete  that  the  entire  works 
of  the  mill  are  operated  by  one  man.  The  ma- 
chinery is  all  very  perfect  and  works  like  a  charm. 
The  power  for  the  mill  is  supplied  by  a  5-foot  Pel- 
ton  water-wheel.  The  company  has  expended  for 
buildings  and  machinery  about  $30,000.  The  vein 
varies  in  thickness  from  20  inches  to  4  feet,  and  is 
all  mill  rock.  At  the  bottom  of  the  main  incline 
the  ore  is  as  good  as  any  they  have  had,  and  a  60- 
foot  drift  extending  on  either  side  of  the  incline,  at 
a  depth  of  260  feet,  shows  a  strong  vein  and  uni- 
formly rich  ore.  When  they  started  the  mill  they 
had  nearly  300  tons  of  rock  on  hand,  and  expect 
with  this  start  to  keep  the  10  stamps  running  con- 
stantly day  and  night.  Seven  hundred  feet  east  of 
the  present  works  a  shaft  has  been  sunk  to  a 
depth  of  200  feet.  A  steam-hoisting  plant  is  being 
put  on  this,  and  it  will  be  connected  to  the  mill  by  a 
track  so  arranged  that  the  ore  can  be  delivered  at 
the  mill  by  machinery.  Connected  with  the  works 
is  an  assay  office  which  is  conducted  by  Mr.  J.  W. 
Peck,  who  for  several  years  was  first  assistant  as- 
sayer  at  the  U.  S.  Mint  in  San  Francisco. 

Eclipse. — Placer  Argus,  April  26:  The  new 
mill  at  the  Eclipse  mine  is  in  operation,  and  flat- 
tering developments  are  being  made  in  the  mine. 

San  Blef^o. 

Gold  King  and  Queen. — Julian  Sentinel,  April 
26:  T.  W.  Brooks,  tbe  mining  expert,  who  visited 
Julian  some  time  since  to  report  on  the  Gold  King 
and  Queen  and  Cincinnati  Belle  mines,  is  again  in 
the  camp  this  week  in  company  with  Geo.  Rhorer. 
president  of  the  company,  and  Mr.  Cushman  and 
son,  two  of  the  directors.  Their  visit  is  for  the  pur- 
pose of  perfecting  plans  for  the  extensive  develop- 
ment of  their  fine  properties. 
Shasta. 

Reduction  Works. — Redding  Free  Press,  April 
26:  Messrs.  Parmlee.  Good  &  Nort,  mining  men 
from  Chicago,  without  saying  much  to  any  one,  but 
upon  a  favorable  report  being  made  by  Mr.  Parmlee, 
who  was  here  and  investigated  our  mineral  resources 
last  winter,  came  to  our  city  a  week  or  so  ago,  and 
after  negotiating  for  several  pieces  of  property  upon 
which  to  erect  reduction  works,  finally  purchased  16 
lots  in  the  Walden  addition,  below  the  works  of 
Wm.  Conant,  which  burned  down  last  week,  and 
commenced  excavating  for  the  purpose  of  erecting  a 
building.  Thursday  the  freight  train  from  the  north 
brought  an  engine  and  boiler  and  a  pulverizer, 
which,  as  soon  as  the  building  is  ready,  will  be 
placed  in  position.  These  men  are  making  no  great 
commotion,  preferring  to  await  the  legitimate  results 
of  their  enterprise;  but  sufficient  is  known  to  enable 
us  to  state  that  the  plant  is  being  erected  for  the 
purpose  of  dry-crushing  and  concentrating  the  prec- 
ious metals  of  all  the  ores  found  in  this  neighbor- 
hood, saving  the  free  gold  and  freeing  from  the 
quartz  the  gold-bearing  sulphurets.  They  do  not 
propose  to-  work  these  concentrates.  The  process 
is  what  is  known  as  dry  concentration.  Their  proc- 
ess has  been  tried  successfully  in  Chicago,  where 
they  have  a  large  plant,  and  they  will  be  prepared 
to  work  the  ores  for  so  much  a  ton,  or  will  purchase 
the  ores  outright. 

Old  Diggings  District. —  Redding  Free  Press, 
April  26:  The  mining  industry  is  progressing 
about  as  usual  and  the  outlook  is  hopeful  and  en- 
couraging. We  do  not  join  in  the  nonsensical 
"booming"  of  our  mines  as  some  districts  do. 
There  is  a  big  future  for  quartz  ^  mining  in  Shasta 
county,  and  there  will  be  more  prospecting  this 
year  than  ever  before,  but  any  exaggeration  or  de- 
liberate falsehood  will  hurt  the  county  ten  times 
more  than  it  will  do  it  good.  The  Hart  &  Flem- 
ing and  Walker  mills  have  been  running  very  regu- 
lar. Mr.  Paul  of  the  Calumet  has  returned  and 
is  getting  ready  to  start  up  the  mill.  Pete  Chris- 
tenson  is  putting  up  a  horse-power  attachment  to 
the  cable  transfer  system  of  the  Central  mine  con- 
necting with  Whitehouse  switch  across  the  river. 
Mr.  A.  B.  Paul  of  the  Calumet  mine  circulated  a 
petition  this  week  protesting  against  the  abandon- 
ment of  the  Old  Diggings  and  Redding  wagon-road 
by  the  Board  of-  Supervisors.  Five  or  six  years 
ago  when  this  was  declared  a  county  road  there 
was  not  a  quartz-mfll  in  the  Old  Diggings;  now 
there  are  five  and  the  road  is  an  absolute  necessity. 
It  is  in  a  deplorable  condition  and  needs  attention 
at  once. 

Trinity. 

River  Mining.  —  Trinity  Journal,  April  26:  R. 
M.  Dodge  of  San  Francisco  arrived  Tuesday  and 
left  Wednesday  for  French  creek,  where  he  will  take 
charge  of  the  financial  side  of  the  Lower  Trinity 
company's  operations  in  that  neighborhood.  The 
company  intends  to  work  the  river-bed  on  a  large 


scale  this  summer.     Times  will  be  good  in  that  vi- 
cinity. 

Trinity  Center.— The  weather  has  been  very 
favorable  for  work  in  the  mines  for  the  past  few 
weeks.  B'oss  &  McClary  have  been  working  a  full 
crew  of  men  on  their  ditch  preparatory  to  opening 
up  their  mines  for  the  season's  run.  A.  P.  Hajkins 
has  been  running  his  claim  for  some  t;me,  and  the 
China  company  has  been  running  steadily  almost  all 
winter.  Mining  interests  in  this  neighborhood  have 
assumed  a  most  encouraging  prospect  for  the  future, 
and  a  lively  boom  is  anticipated  in  the  neighborhood 
of  the  Cinnabar  mines  on  East  Fork,  just  as  soon  as 
the  snow  will  permit  of  prospecting.  The  ledge  dis- 
covered by  E.  Shumacher  in  the  vicinity  of  the  Cin- 
nabar mines,  and  the  third  interest  in  which  was  re- 
cently purchased  by  Messrs.  Grotefend  and  Reid, 
promises  to  be  one  of  the  best  propeities  of  the  kind 
in  this  northern  country. 

Siskiyou. 
Cleanup.— yreka/(5«7-7za/,  April  26:  Jos.  Will, 
iaras,  who  has  been  working  a  placer  claim  in  Hi 
Vou  gulch,  a  tributary  of  McAdams  creek,  cleaned 
up  $900  last  week,  after  a  short  run,  and  has  a  very 
rich  paying  mine,  A  man  named  Smiih,  a  Yankee 
genius  in  the  matter  of  mining  or  any  other  skillful 
work,  has  been  realizing  good  pay  from  the  old 
Walker  &  Squiers  ledge  on  Indian  creek,  which  he 
purchased  recently,  and  hauls  the  auartz'  to  the 
mill  near  Hooperville.  C.  Schroeder,  of  the  Schroe- 
der  &  Werner  quartz  ledges  on  head  of  Deadwood 
creek,  is  now  busily  working  a  force  of  men,  in  get- 
ting ready  for  operations  in  mine  and  mill,  just  as 
soon  as  the  snow  melts  off  sufficiently  to  start  up. 
Being  high  up  in  the  mountain,  the  snow  is  quite 
deep,  though  melting  rapidly  from  the  mild 
weather  and  warm  sun  lately.  Nort  Hawkins  and 
S.  Billips,  who  have  been  working  some  old  tail- 
ings on  Greenhorn  creek,  below  the  old  Lige  Clark 
claim,  took  out  a  large  amount  of  coarse  gold  dust 
last  week,  the  adobe  in  the  tailings,  which  had 
never  been  washed,  being  rich  with  gold-dust. 

Tuolumne. 

Tuttletown.  —  Tuolumne  Independent,  April 
26:  Messrs.  R.  Coughlin  and  J.  Holmes  are  hav- 
ing a  fine  prospect  in  their  mine,  on  Jackass  Hill, 
Tuttletown,  with  flattering  indications  of  a  large 
pocket  soon.  Quite  a  mining  boom  seems  to  have 
struck  Tuttletown  lately,  as  there  are  more  men 
to  be  seen  prospecting  in  that  vicinity,  at  present, 
than  there  has  been  for  over  30  years.  Messrs. 
Henry  Eckel  and  James  Kerr  of  Springfield  took  out 
a  fine  pocket  from  their  m  ne,  near  Tuttletown.  on 
Friday  of  last  week.  The  exact  amount  we  are 
unable  to  state.  This  mine  is  leased  from  Antone 
Vincent,  and  we  hope  Messrs.  Eckel  &  Kerr  will 
now  receive  a  merited  reward  for  their  energy  and 
perseverance  in  developing  the  mine. 

NEVADA. 

Waehoe  District. 

Sierra  Nevada.— Virginia  Chronide.  April  21S: 
On  the  630  level  a  southwest  drift  is  advanced  382 
teet  from  the  shaft  station,  continuing  in  a  porphyry 
formation  carrying  water. 

Union  Con.— On  the  1465  level  from  the  north 
lateral  drift,  opposite  west  cro.-scul  No.  4.  east  cross- 
cut No.  I  is  advanced  315  feet,  passing  through  one 
foot  of  clay  into  porphyry. 

Mexican.— On  the  1465  level  west  crosscut  No. 
4.  100  feet  souih  of  No.  3.  from  the  north  drift  from 
west  crosscut  No.  i,  from  the  main  north  lateral 
drift,  is  extended  172  feet,  continuing  in  porphyry 
carrying  lines  of  quartz. 

Ophir.  -On  the  1300  level  in  working  southwest- 
erly from  the  top  of  the  raise  carried  up  28  feet 
above  the  south  drift  from  the  end  of  the  east  cross- 
cut from  the  shaft  station,  following  the  ore  streak 
found  in  the  raise,  37  tons  of  fair-grade  milling  ore 
were  extracted  and  raised  to  the  surface,  the  average 
as5ay  value  of  which  is  $25  per  ton. 

Con.  California  &  Virginia.— No  discovery 
of  new  bodies  of  ore  has  been  made.  During  the 
week  extracted  2896  tons  and  1820  pounds  from  the 
above-mentioned  points.  Shipped  to  the  Morgan 
mill  1134  tons  and  1850  pounds  of  ore,  and  to  the 
Eureka  1761  tons  and  1970  pounds;  battPry  sample 
assays  showing  an  average  value  of  $21.68  per  ton. 
Bullion  valued  at  $C3. 387.13  shipped  to  the  Carson 
mint.  Bullion  valued  at  about  $12,000  on  hand  in 
local  assay  office. 

Best  &  Belcher.— On  the  1200  level  the  north 
drift  is  cleaned  out  and  repaired  623  feet. 

Gould  &  Curry,— On  the  400-IeveI  west  cross- 
cut No.  1  is  extended  605  feel.  Formation,  hard 
porphyry. 

Northwestern  Con.— Shaft  down  20  feet  below 
the  100  level. 

Andes. — The  420  level  west  drift  from  the  shaft 
station  is  advanced  92  feel,  and  continues  in  por- 
phyry, clay  and  seams  of  quartz. 

Savage. — Shipped  445  tons  of  ore  showing  an 
average  value  of  $23  per  ton  by  battery  sample  as- 
says.    Bullion  on  hand  valued  at  $21,334  56. 

Ward  Combination  Shafi-.— Resumed  exten- 
sion of  drift  into  Julia  Con.  ground. 

Chollar.  —  Extracted  451  tons  of  ore,  battery 
sample  assays  showing  a  value  of  $22.45  P^""  *ori. 

PoTOSi.— On  the  930  level  the  winze  is  down  75 
feel.  In  the  bottom  are  streaks  and  bunches  of  ore 
giving  good  assays.  The  raise  above  that  level  is  up 
108  feet  and  has  passed  through  the  quartz  and  is 
now  in  porphyry. 

Alpha. — The  600  level  east  crosscut  is  in  32  feet 
and  continues  in  porphyry.  The  600  level  south 
drift  is  out  38  feet,  face  in  porphyry. 

Exchequer. — The  600  level  north  drift  is  out245 
feet,  and  continues  in  quartz  and  porphyry. 

Con,  New  York. — The  650  level  west  drift  is  in 
low-grade  quartz.  The  960  level  south  drift  contin- 
ues in  low-grade  quartz. 

Imperial. — The  500  level  north  drift  from  the 
west  crosscut  is  out  165  feet  and  continues  in  por- 
phyry. 

Yellow  Jacket. — Shipped  500  tons  of  ore  show- 
ing average  assay  value  ol.$2[.75  by  battery  sample 
assays. 

Crown  Point.— Sh'pped  dpring  the  week  860 
tons  of  ore,  showing  an  average  value  of  Si 9.33  per 
ton  by  pulp  assays. 

Kentuck.— The  winze  below  the  950  level  is  still 
in  ore. 

Confidence  &  Challenge.— The  850  level  west 
crosscut  No.  i  is  in  low-grade  quartz. 

Hale  &  Norcross. — Shipped  1057  tons  of  ore 
during  the  week,  showing  an  average  value  of  $21 


May  3,  1890.J 


Mining  and  Scientific  Prf.ss. 


299 


per  ton  by  batiery  sample  a&says.     BullioD  on  hand 
valued  at  $35.53690- 

Bklchek.—  The  300  level  west  crosscut  is  in  100 
feel,  the  face  in  quartz  and  porphyry. 

SrLVER  Hii.i,.— The  26olevel  northeast  crosscut 
from  the  northwest  drift  continues  in  clay  and  por- 
phyry.    The    160   level  south  drilt  is  in  vi;in  matter. 

Seg.  Belcheh.  —  The  850  levd  Belcher  joint 
crosscut  continues  in  quartz. 

Justice.  — During  the  week  crushed  317  tons  of 
ore  showing  a  value  of  $29.36  per  too  by  battery 
sample  assays.  The  raise  above  the  633  level  Is  in 
iowRrade  ore.  The  winze  below  that  level  is  in  good 
ore. 

Ai.TA.— The  ore  output  this  week  was  435  tons, 
showing  an  average  assay  value  of  $^3.75  per  ton  by 
pulp  assays. 

Overman.— Shipped  303  tons  of  ore  during  the 
week,  showing  an  average  value  of  $17.77  per  ton 
bv  baitery  sample  assays,  of  which  $10.40  was  gold. 
The  northw.'st  drift  is  in  low-grade  quartz. 

Utah. -On  the  735  level  west  dnft  is  advanced 
93  feet  from  the  shaft. 

Occidental  Con.— Continue  to  extract  ore  of 
good  quality  from  the  slopes  on  the  400  and  450 
levels. 

Sylvanla  District. 

Furnaces.- Inyo  AVj;xj/cr.  April  36:  The  Syl- 
vania  boom  has  given  a  new  impulse  to  Big  Pine. 
Crocker  Bros,  have  purchased  an  interest  in  the 
mines.  ITie  new  road  through  Ashmore's  pass  was 
finished  last  week.  Denny  Hession  has  the  Syl- 
vania  coal  contract,  and  left  a  few  days  since  with 
provisions,  tools,  etc,  to  begin  work.  George  Hall 
started  two  6-animal  teams  from  Big  Pine  Saturday, 
loaded  with  lumber  for  the  company's  buildings. 
The  machinery  for  the  furnaces  is  expected  down 
this  week.  No  one  need  expect  to  hear  of  a  full 
force  of  men  being  put  to  work  in  the  mine  for  a 
time  yet,  as  the  intention  is  to  get  all  preliminary 
work  done  before  putting  on  a  full  force.  Then 
mining  begins  in  real  earnest.  The  works,  board 
ing-house.  etc.,  will  be  in  Inyo,  while  the  mine  is 
over  the  Slate  line.  Ben  H,  Yandell  will  be  the 
company's  clerk. 

Tuacarora  District. 


Nevada  Queen.  —  Times-Review,  April  35: 
North  gangway  from  600-foot  station  of  North 
Belle  Isle  has  been  advanced  35  feet. 

Grand  Prize.  —  5oo-foot  level — Face  of  east 
drift  on  north  vein  extended  11  feet,  and  west  drift 
10  feet,  without  change. 

Navajo.— Ea-^l  crosscut  from  the  north  gangway, 
350-fooi  level,  extended  12  feet;  the  face  is  in  bard 
rock. 

Belle  Isle,— South  drift  from  the  crosscut,  350- 
foot  level,  extended  9  feet,  showing  considerable 
high-grade  ore. 

North  Belle  Isle.— The  work  above  the  300- 
fool  level  continues  about  the  same.  In  miking 
the  air  connections,  streaks  of  good  ore  are  found 
through  the  concentrating  ore.  North  gangway 
from  the  shaft  00  the  600-foot  level  has  been  ad- 
vanced 25  feet.  The  rock  in  the  face  is  getting 
harder,  and  shows  seams  heavy  with  iron.  The 
water  is  beginning  to  show  considerable  pressure. 

North  Commonwealth. — Second  levRl — Joint 
crosscut  has  been  extended  16  feet,  cutting  spar 
seams  and  water.  South  drift  has  been  extended 
27  feet,  total  57  feet, 

Del  Monte,— Second  level — Joint  crosscut  east 
has  been  extended  16  (eet,  and  is  looking  much 
more  favorable  than  when  last  reported. 

Commonwealth.— The  mine  has  been  retira- 
bered  wherever  required,  and  is  in  good  condition. 
We  have  borrowed  timbers  from  Grand  Prize  and 
North  Belle  Isle,  so  the  mine  can  be  kept  all  right 
until  more  can  be  obtained.  Concentrator  running 
all  right;  about  300.000  pounds  concentrates  on 
hand. 

ARIZONA. 

Mill.— Mohave  Miner,  April  26:  The  Rattan- 
Ruth  Mining  &  Milling  Co.  are  making  preparations 
to  erect  a  mill  00  the  Colorado  river,  near  their 
mines.  They  have  their  mines  well  developed  and  a 
good^raany  tons  of  rich  ore  on  the  dump  awaiting 
the  building  of  reduction  works.  The  Atlantic  M. 
Co.  closed  down  on  the  Dean  mine  for  the  present. 
After  a  run  of  a  few  weeks  it  has  been  satisfactorily 
demonstrated  to  the  company  that  a  sufficiently 
high  percpntage  of  the  silver  cannot  be  extracted 
from  the  ore  without  roasting.  Concentrators  will 
be  put  in  as  soon  as  possible,  and  a  roaster  at  no 
distant  day.  J.  M,  Dawley.  formerly  superintendent 
of  the  Atlantic  Mining  Co.,  has  severed  his  connec- 
tion with  that  company  in  order  to  more  fully  de- 
vote his  time  and  attention  to  the  erection  of  the 
iS-stamp  mill,  concentrators,  etc,  now  being  built 
on  the  O.  K.  mine,  in  Gald  Basin,  Baebe's  teams 
left  this  week  for  the  Basin  to  haul  the  machinery, 
etc. ,  for  the  mill. 

Placers. —Prescott  Journal-Miner,  April  23: 
About  20  Mexicans  are  camped  on  Big  Bug,  en. 
giged  in  placer  mining.  They  work  on  the  co-op. 
erative  plan,  and  wash  from  $3  to  $5  per  day  to  the 
man.  Joseph  Howell  recently  sold  five  claims  in 
Saata  Maria  district  for  $17,000.  The  purchaser  is 
Martin  Lewis,  the  Colorado  mining  man.  He  has 
also  purchased  machinery  to  put  on  the  properties, 
and  will  at  once  commence  active  development. 
BLick  Canyon  creek,  near  Gillette,  is  evidently 
gaining  in  reputation  as  a  placer-mining  center, 
judging  from  the  number  of  miners  who  have  been 
washing  gravel  there  during  the  winter.  In  most 
cases  good  wages  have  been  made.  A  party  of 
three  miners  are  successfully  working  the  Kimball 
mine  on  Lynx  creek,  and  arastraing  the  ore,  which 
pays  from  $40  to  s6d  per  ton.  This  is  the  property 
on  which  Geo.  W.  Curtis,  deceased,  erected  a  mill 
and  soon  afterward  abandoned.  la  the  vicinity  of 
Sycamore  creek,  near  the  Verde,  the  Alexander 
boys  recently  discovered  a  mine  which,  if  it  should 
hold  out  as  well  as  surface  indications  show,  will 
make  them  wealthy.  This  section  is  unprospected, 
the  ruggedness  of  the  mountains  and  its  compara- 
tive isolation  making  it  sdmewhat  uninviting  to  the 
prospecting  fraternity.  The  Boggs  and  Hackberry 
miners,  on  Big  Bug,  are  as  active  as  usual.  In  the 
former  the  main  shaft  is  down  200  feet  in  good  ore, 
while  with  the  latter  the  character  and  richness  of 
the  rock  is  such  as  to  make  it  among  the  big  mines 
of  the  county.  About  60  men  are  employed  in  both 
mines.  Both  the  north  and  south  drifts  in  the 
Black  Horse  mine  are  being  pushed  as  rapidly  as 
Bossible,    The  north  drift  is  in  good  ore  all   the 


way.  while  at  30  feet  in  the  south  one  the  best  ore 
yet  found  in  the  mine  was  encountered.  General 
Manager  Carlisle  and  bis  superintendent,  Robert 
Cartmell,  are  both  elated  at  the  rich  development 
in  this  property,  both  in  the  shaft  and  the  drifts. 

The  Revmert  Mines,  —  Florence  EnUrprise. 
April  36:  \'ery  few  people  residmg  in  Pinal  county 
possess  an  idea  of  the  magnitude  of  the  work  ac- 
complished at  the  mines  ot  the  J,  D.  Reymert  Min- 
ing Co.  during  the  past  year.  Judge  J.  D.  Rey- 
mert, president  of  the  company,  was  in  Florence 
this  week,  and  he  gracefully  acceded  to  the  request 
for  information  relative  to  the  progress  made  under 
the  new  management.  Judge  Keymert  said;  Since 
April  I,  1889,  the  sum  expended  in  improvements, 
enUrging  the  capacity  of  the  mill,  machinery, 
buildings  and  explorations  in  the  mine,  was  about 
$160,000,  of  which  $75,000  was  derived  from  a  vol- 
untary assessment  and  the  balance  from  the  prod- 
uct of  the  mines.  We  have  increased  the  roast- 
ing capacity  from  20  tons  to  65  tons  in  34  hours 
and  have  all  the  machinery  necessary  to  treat  that 
amount.  Up  to  March  ist,  the  mill  had  run  but 
196  days  of  321,  owing  to  the  deficiency  in  the  water 
supply.  The  mines  are  worked  upon  the  same 
system  as  previously,  that  is,  they  are  limbered 
wherever  the  ground  is  soft  or  unsafe.  We  are  fol- 
lowing the  fissure,  which  appears  to  be  continuous, 
the  whole  length  of  the  seven  claims — nearly  two 
miles.  Between  May  i,  1889,  and  March  i,  1890, 
there  was  milled  3348  tons  of  ore,  which  netted  at 
the  San  Francisco  mint  $60,432.  This  is  not  a 
fair  criterion  of  the  yield,  in  consequence  of  the 
difficulties  we  had  to  contend  with;  the  construc- 
tion of  new  improvements  and  stoppages.  We 
have  a  store  with  an  ample  supply  of  goods,  and 
have  built  a  pump  station  below  the  mill  to  return 
the  water  after  being  once  used.  We  save  nearly 
90  per  cent  of  the  value  of  the  ore  at  present  and 
the  tailings  assay  from  four  to  five  ounces  in  silver. 
Our  superintendent  is  a  very  capable  man  and 
displays  remarkable  energy  and  a  due  regard  for 
economy  in  the  matters  under  his  charge.  The 
hiine  is  a  great  property  and  will  eventually  be- 
come a  large  and  steady  bullion -producer. 

COLORADO. 

The  Silent  Friend. — Aspen  Timcsy  April  25: 
The  developments  in  the  Silent  Friend  mine  at  Pit- 
kin attract  much  attention  in  Aspen  on  account  of 
the  fact  that  Aspen  people  are  interested  in  that 
property,  while  many  other  claims  in  that  district 
are  owned  here.  The  ore  chute  is  opened  at  two 
points  about  40  feet  apart,  the  lower  development 
being  about  140  feet  below  the  bottom  of  the  old 
slope.  The  main  drift  has  been  driven  into  the 
ore  about  ten  feet.  The  ore  body  appears  to  be 
from  four  to  seven  feet  in  thickness;  and  there  seems 
to  be  no  reason  to  doubt  that  a  great  bonanza  has 
been  opened.  About  100  tons  of  mineral  has  been 
extracted  since  the  discovery  was  made  and  ship- 
ments will  be  immediately  begun.  Manager  Murphy, 
who  has  just  returned  from  the  property,  estimates 
he  will  soon  be  able  to  output  from  25  to  50  tons 
per  day.  The  most  interesting  feature  of  this  de- 
velopment is  the  high-grade  character  of  the  ore. 
A  large  number  of  assays  have  been  made  and  the 
lowest  return  so  far  received  has  been  80  ounces 
silver,  with  the  highest  running  up  to  400.  The 
lowest  percentage  in  lead  found  has  been  45,  while 
some  of  the  assays  have  indicated  72  per  cent  in 
this  metal.  It  is  believed  that  the  entire  ore  body 
will  average  close  to  200  ounces  in  silver  and  about 
50  per  cent  in  lead. 

The  Hunter  Park  Co.— Important  develop- 
ments are  expected  soon  in  the  shaft  of  the  Hunter 
Park  Mining  Co,  This  shaft  has  now  reached  a 
depth  of  600  feet  and  is  still  in  the  silicious  shale. 
It  is  thought  that  the  blue  lime  will  soon  be  reached, 
which  is  probably  about  30  feet  thick  at  that  point. 
The  flow  of  surface-water  has  necessitated  a  No.  6 
Cameron  pump  being  placed  on  the  property.  A 
station  has  been  cut  475  feet  down  the  shaft  "and 
all  the  water  will  be  collected  there. 

North  Star  Strike. — An  important  strike  is 
reported  in  the  North  Star,  the  new  discovery  in 
the  south  workings  of  the  mine.  H.  E.  Walker, 
the  manager,  says  they  have  two  and  one-half  feet 
of  125-ounce  ore.  The  strike  was  made  last  Sun- 
day, and  has  been  gradually  improving.  The  ore 
appears  to  be  a  chimney,  but  may  be  a  regular 
chute.  About  eight  tons  of  the  mineral  has  been 
extracted  ready  for  shipment. 

DAKOTA. 

Oro  Fino. — Deadwood  Pioneer,  April  22:  After 
a  long  and  exasperating  series  of  delays,  which  no 
amount  of  foresight  could  have  avoided,  dirt  from 
the  big  cave  is  again  being  hoisted  at  this  mine,  but 
the  most  diligent  inquiry  fails  to  elicit  anything  con- 
cerning the  intention  of  the  company  now  prospect- 
ing the  mine.  It  is  whispered  upon  the  street  that 
the  diamond  drill  core  has  been  very  disappointing, 
but  of  this  no  one  really  knows  anything  definite  save 
the  superintendent  and  his  assayer.  The  only  thing 
really  not  guessed  at  is  that  the  bump  tables  are  do- 
ing finp!  work,  saving  all  the  pyrite,  rusty  gold  and 
escaped  amalgam. 

Miller  Smelter.— A  new  coke-house  holding 
ten  carloads  of  coke  has  been  completed,  and  the 
Northwestern  Transportation  Co.  is  now  delivering 
coke  at  the  works.  Dr.  Carpenter  has  bargained 
for  400  tons  of  ore.  The  machinery  has  been  traced 
to  Chicago,  and  left  there  upon  the  nth.  It  should 
soon  be  here.  The  company  will  buy  all  ores  offer- 
ed no  matter  what  their  character,  always  provided 
they  carry  gold  and  silver  enough  to  pay  for  treat- 
ment. 

Plenty  of  Ore. — Deadwood  Pioneer,  April  28: 
When  the  baby  experimental  plant  was  built,  and 
the  announcement  made  that  it  was  to  be  replaced 
by  a  smelter  of  250  to  400  tons  capacity,  the  corpo- 
ral's guard  of  cranks  who  survived  the  war  of  exter- 
mination inaugurated  against  them  by  representa- 
tive ppople  of  the  Hills,  exclaimed,  "Oh,  what  a 
farce  !  Why,  they  can't  get  20  tons  of  ore  per  day: 
how  will  they  supply  a  400-ton  plant  ?  "  Dr.  Car. 
penter,  who  will  have  the  management  of  this  big 
plant  when  completed,  is  in  the  best  of  humor  at  the 
situation.  To  a  Pioneer  reporter  he  stated  a  few 
days  since  that  he  sees  his  way  clear  to  all  the  ore 
be  wants.  "In  fact,"  said  the  doctor,  "  what  is 
bothering  me  now  is  to  get  a  plant  big  enough  to 
treat  the  ore  offered.  Ruby  Basin,  Bald  Mount- 
ain, Galena,  Strawberry,  Spruce  Gulch,  Carbonate, 


Squaw  Creek,  or  any  of  them  can  supply  a  good 
deal  more  than  I  anticipated."  Representative  min- 
ing men,  to  whom  the  statements  were  subsequently 
made  known,  verified  them,  adding  that  six  months 
ago  it  might  have  been  difl'icult  to  supply  400  tons 
of  ore  per  day.  The  unquestionable  success  of  py- 
ritic  smelting,  however,  and  the  knowledge  that  it 
can  be  applied  at  living  rates  has  so  stimulated  in- 
dustry that  in  the  opinion  of  many,  the  mines  of  the 
districts  named  can  now  easily  supply  double  the 
quantity  to  keep  a  400-ton  plant  busy.  The  Hills 
are  not  half  prospected,  either. 

IDAHO. 

Mining  Activity.- Boise  Slaiesman,  April  33; 
Great  attention  will  be  directed  durmg  the  summer 
to  the  quartz  mines  in  the  vicinity  ol  Boise  and  in 
the  Boise  Basin.  Investors  who  have  never  visited 
these  productive  and  interesting  regions  should  do 
so  this  summer.  Their  journey  in  the  mountains 
will  be  found  of  surpassing  interest.  The  scenery 
is  grand  and  beautiful,  the  mountains  rich  in  min- 
erals and  timber.  The  failure  of  Silver  Mountain 
has  dampened  the  ardor  of  English  investors,  but 
no  resident  of  Boise  City  or  Ada  county  can  be 
blamed  for  that  failure,  as  everybody  wells  knows, 
and  every  miner  whose  judgment  was  worth  a  farth- 
ing always  asserted  that  there  was  absolutely  noth- 
ing in  Silver  Mountain.  On  the  other  hand,  the 
most  experienced  miners  in  the  country  claim  and 
have  always  claimed  that  the  richest  gold-bearing 
lodes  in  Idaho  would  be  found  in  the  Boise  Basin. 
The  history  of  the  huge  fiasco  in  Silver  Mountain 
would  be  doubtless  interesting  to  our  English  cous- 
ins, and  some  day  when  time  permits  we  may  un- 
fold to  them  a  tale  which  will  prove  how  innocent 
and  gullible  a  Briton  can  be. 

Mill  Running.— Silver  City  Avalanche,  April 
26:  The  DeLamar  mill  is  running  right  along  as 
usual,  grinding  out  the  precious  metals  from  ore 
out  of  the  Wilson  mine.  The  mine  furnishes  a  con- 
stant supply,  and  could  keep  three  or  four  mills, 
just  like  the  DeLamar  mill,  running  constantly  the 
year  round  for  an  unlimited  period.  Soon  the  tram- 
way will  be  ready  for  conveying  ore  from  the  mine 
to  the  mill,  which  will  materially  reduce  expenses, 
and  will  allow  the  energetic  owner  of  the  property 
a  clear  profit  on  $5  ore.  Capt.  DeLamar  has 
demonstrated  that  low-grade  ore  can  be  worked, 
although  the  ore  that  he  mills  from  his  mineaverages 
well.  Everything  about  DeLamar  now  presents  a 
lively  appearance,  which  indicates  that  the  mines 
are  paying. 

Black  Jack,— Supt.  E.  H.  Dewey  informs  us 
that  the  crosscut  being  run  to  cut  the  Black  Jack 
and  the  Empire  State  lodes  struck  hard  rock  which 
lasted  for  a  few  feet,  and  then  entered  ground  that 
now  needs  timbering.  The  crosscut  is  in  over  400 
feet,  and  is  progres'^ing  as  well  as  the  character  of 
the  ground  will  permit. 

LOWER    CALIFORNIA. 

The  Big  Run  of  Aurora  Ore.— /LtJwtv-  Califor- 
niaii,  April  24:  Things  are  certainly  lively  at  Al- 
amo. Col.  Lane's  mill  has  been  running  night  and 
day  for  six  weeks.  The  Princesa  Co.  and  the  El 
Paso  Co.  are  in  full  blast,  the  latter  company  having 
developed  enough  high-grade  ore  in  the  Elsinore 
alone  to  keep  the  mill  busy.  Col.  Kerr's  mill  is  get- 
ting ready  as  rapidly  as  possible.  At  Mexican  gulch 
unfortunate  litigation  has  kept  the  Lucas  mill  shut 
down,  but  Col.  Lucas,  through  the  opportune  sale 
of  a  Colorado  mine,  is  heeled,  and  says  he  will  fight 
to  the  bitter  end,  A.  H.  Butler  is  making  arrange- 
ments to  run  his  mill.  Two  runs  of  Aurora  rock 
were  put  through  Lane's  mill  recently.  The  first 
lot  of  25;^  tons  netted  $55.44  per  ton,  and  the 
second  ol  5K  tons  netted  $145  per  ton.  No  further 
proof  is  needed  to  show  that  the  owners  have  a 
bonanza  in  this  mine.  J.  M.  Gonzalez,  who  owns 
an  interest  in  the  Aurora,  has  also  leased  the  Placer 
mine  from  Crosthwaite  and  Lopez,  and  put  men  at 
work  developing  it.  Thomas  McManus  has  receiv- 
ed a  concession  from  the  Government  to  prospect 
and  work  mines  of  all  kinds  and  gold  placers  on 
Cedros  Island,  This  will  not  conflict  with  the  rights 
of  the  Cedros  Island  Mining  Co.  nor  of  the  Land 
and  Colonization  Co.  Capt.  Baines,  vice-president 
of  the  El  Paso  M.  &  M.  Co.,  is  interested  in  the 
concession  for  his  company.  A  prospecting  and 
exploring  party  will  be  down  in  a  week  or  ten  days 
to  explore  the  concession;  Ex-Gov.  Ryerson,  presi- 
dent of  the  San  Nicolas  M.  Co.,  has  made  arrange- 
ments to  re-open  the  mine  on  a  sound  financial 
basis,  A.  Morales  has  disposed  of  his  shares,  and 
several  Eastern  capitalists  have  become  interested  in 
the  property.  The  other  mining  interests  in  the 
vicinity  of  the  Real  are  going  ahead. 

MONTANA. 

Rocket  District. — Anaconda  Review,  April 
25:  Much  activity  is  manifest  among  the  mines  of 
Rocket  district,  near  Wickes,  and  many  properties 
are  being  developed  with  splendid  results.  The 
Bsnnet  and  Bender,  Uncle  Sam,  Cierivas,  and  sev- 
eral othwr  mines  in  this  district  are  making  an  ex- 
ceptionally good  showing,  and  in  some  of  them 
large  ore  bodies  are  said  to  have  been  uncovered. 
Shipments  of  ore  have  been  made  from  the  Bennet 
and  Bender,  and  in  the  125-foot  incline  shaft  sunk 
on  the  Uncle  Sam  a  large  body  of  galena  ore  carry- 
ing gold,  silver  and  copper  has  been  exposed. 

Clark's  Purchase.— Phillipsburg  Mail,  April 
26;  The  Agua  Frio  group  of  mines  in  Beaver 
Creek  district  passed  on  the  7th  inst.  to  Charles 
Clark,  one  of  the  principal  owners  of  the  Granite 
Mountain  and  Bi-Metallic,  the  consideration  being 
$75,000.  With  the  Agua  Frio's  development  and 
guaranteed  productiveness,  mining  men  are  of  the 
unanimous  opinion  that  Mr.  Clark  has  secured  a 
bargain.  Under  the  ownership  of  Hazelton  and 
Harris  of  Helena,  the  mine  produced  over  $250,000, 
and  has  netted  the  owners  quite  $10,000  per  month 
for  several  months  past, and  as  they  now  have  $75,- 
000  as  the  purchase  price,  they,  too,  are  to  be  con- 
gratulated. Under  its  new  ownership  the  mine  will 
be  subjected  to  an  elaborate  system  of  development, 
and  is  destined  to  become  one  of  the  famous  pro- 
ducers of  Montana. 

Granite  Mountain,— The  output  for  the  week 
ending  April  24th  was  55  bars  of  bullion,  contammg 
81  240  ounces  fine  silver  and  171  ounces  fine  gold. 

The  Alice  Co.  —Inter-Mountain,  April  26: 
The  Alice  is  working  a  full  force  of  men  at  both  the 


Alice  and  Magna  Cbarta.  Sinking  continues  at 
the  main  shaft  of  the  Alice,  now  witthin  10  or  15 
feel  of  the  1300-foot  level,  which  will  be  reached  by 
Tuesday.  Sinking  will  then  suspend  for  the  time 
being,  and  the  mine  will  be  developed  below  the 
10.  Two  Burleigh  drillers  are  already  at  work  on 
the  looo-fool  level,  although  no  development  of  im- 
portance has  yet  been  made.  Sinking  progresses 
at  the  Blue  Wing,  and  the  shaft  is  approaching  the 
400-foot  level.  AH  80  of  the  Alice  stamps  are  drop- 
ping steadily,  and  silver  at  $1.05  means  a  big  dif- 
ference  for  the  Alice  people,  and  a  long  vista  of 
prosperity  opens  up  before  them. 

At  the  Silver  Bow.— The  miners  at  Silver 
Bow  shaft  No.  i  laid  off  yesterday,  and  the  work  of 
removing  the  old  engine  to  shaft  No.  2,  just  west 
of  the  Silver  Bow  mill,  was  begun.  This  shaft, 
which  was  started  last  summer  by  the  company,  is 
now  300  leet  deep,  and  a  crosscut  has  been  started 
which  will  connect  with  the  400  of  shaft  No.  i. 
The  old  engine  at  Silver  Bow  shaft  No.  1.  will  be 
set  up  at  shaft  No.  2  at  once  and  sinking  will 
again  be  resumed.  The  cages  were  put  in  shaft 
No.  2  yesterday.  The  Buite  &  Boston  reduction 
facilities  are  inadequate,  as  the  mines  are  capable 
of  producing  va'^t  quantities  of  ore.  The  Silver 
Bow  mine  is  looking  as  well  as  ever,  and  is  undoubt- 
edly capable  of  becoming  one  of  the  greatest  cop- 
per properties  in  the  world. 

NEW  MBXIOO. 

Dos  C A BEz AS.— Silver  City  ,£"Wt7/y/.tt',  April  25: 
The  i5-stamp  mill  at  Dos  Cabezas  began  opera- 
tions Tuesday,  and  that  camp  will  again  be  classed 
with  the  bullion-producers.  Harry  Fowler  is  work- 
ing mining  claims  No.  i  and  No.  3  in  Camp  Vel- 
lines.  He  has  on  the  dump  ready  for  shipment 
several  tons  ot  ore  which  will  run  45  per  cent  lead 
and  20  ounces  in  silver  per  ton.  He  is  trying  to 
concentrate  his  second-class  ore  in  the  Bremen 
mill.  Jack  Fleming  and  Hank  Dorsey  shipped 
7M  tons  of  high-grade  ore  from  the  Chamberlain 
mine  last  week  to  the  Socorro  smelter.  The  Cham- 
berlain is  in  Stonewall  district  about  three  miles 
from  the  Une  of  Old  Mexico  and  but  a  short  dis- 
tance from  Carrizillo  springs.  They  have  uncov- 
ered besides  their  high-grade  ore  a  body  of  free- 
milling  ore  over  20  feet  in  width,  which  assays  $25 
per  ton. 

The  strike  on  the  Alhambra  continues  to  grow 
in  magnitude.  Since  the  last  issue  of  the  Enter- 
prise the  drift  on  the  100-foot  level,  where  the  rich 
ore  was  discovered,  has  been  driven  14  feet,  mak- 
ing in.  all  34  feet  along  the  apex  of  the  ore  body, 
and  it  still  shows  as  strong  in  the  face  of  the  drift 
as  at  any  point.  The  owners  have  sacked  and 
ready  for  shipment  2  tons  of  first-class  ore,  which 
is  estimated  to  be  worth  from  $6coo  to  $8000  per 
ton. 

OREGON. 

Robinsonville  Mines.— Biker  City  Democrat, 
April  28:  A  visitor  in  our  city  for  a  few  days  is 
Mr.  B.  L.  Duncan,  who  for  the  past  winter  has 
been  engaged  on  a  contract  of  tunnel  work  on  the 
Strausburg  mine,  owned  by  Frank  Clarnio  and 
others  of  Portland,  and  situated  between  Granite 
creek  and  Robinsonville.  The  Strausburg  has  been 
developed  the  past  winter  to  the  extent  of  a  100- 
foot  tunnel,  in  running  which  two  splendid  ore 
veins  were  cut,  and  from  which  good  free  gold 
prospects  were  obtained,  the  highest  assay  being 
$87  from  ore  sent  to  Portland.  Graham  Bros, 
have  done  good  work  this  winter  on  their  property 
and  a  good  showing  has  been  made.  Their  tun- 
nel is  II  feet  high  and  10  feet  wide,  the  width  of 
the  ledge,  A  rich  strike  was  made  a  few  days  ago 
in  the  Berry  mine,  and  gold  specimens  are  being 
taken  out  by  the  handful.  The  Hidden  Treasure, 
owned  by  Hayes  &  Co.,  has  been  extensively  de- 
veloped the  past  winter  and  makes  a  fine  showing. 
Other  properties  have  had  more  or  less  work  done 
on  them,  but  the  heavy  snows  of  the  winter  have 
greatly  interfered,  and  this  obstacle  has  not  yet 
been  overcome. 

UTAH. 

Ore  on  Godeva  Mountain.— Eureka  Chief, 
April  25:  Ore  was  struck  Saturday  on  the  Godeva 
group,  on  the  further  side  of  the  Godeva  mountain, 
about  a  mile  or  a  mile  and  a  quarter  southeast  of 
town.  The  Godeva  group  is  patented  ground,  and 
owned  by  a  company,  the  principal  members  of 
which  are  J.  Q.  Packard,  John  McChrystal  and  C. 
C.  Goodwin,  editor  of  the  Tribune,  The  strike  wilt 
be  developed  as  rapidly  as  possible  and  Godeva 
mountain  will  hereafter  do  her  share  toward  making 
this  the  best  camp  in  the  country.  There  are  other 
fine  claims  on  this  mountain,  and  this  strike  will 
doubtless  give  the  owners  confidence  and  cause 
work  to  be  pushed  with  renewed  vigor. 

A  Strike  in  the  Victoria, — Saturday  evening 
a  body  of  ore,  of  the  same  character  as  the  Eagle 
ore,  was  struck  in  the  Victoria  shaft  in  Eagle 
canyon.  The  Victoria  is  adjacent  to  the  Eagle  and 
is  owned  by  Noah  McChrystol  and  N.  D,  McLeod. 
W.  R.  Wallace  recently  sold  a  third  interest  in  this 
claim  to  Noah  for  $5000.  The  boys  expect  to  de- 
velop a  large  body  of  ore  and  feel  jubilant  over  their 
good  fortune. 

Camp  Crosscuts. — Park  Record,  April  26:  The 
Union  and  also  the  Crescent  concentrator  will  soon 
resume  work  for  the  season.  The  Ontario  bullion 
shipment  for  the  week  was  30  bars,  containing  15,- 
692.45  fine  ounces  of  silver.  It  is  expected  that 
Contractor  Dull  will  get  his  rebuilt  boring  machine 
at  the  Anchor  shaft  in  operation  the  coming  week. 
Only  one  man  is  working  at  the  Creole  No.  2,  pend- 
ing the  settlement  of  certain  important  negotia- 
tions between  the  owners  and  leasers.  The  Ontario 
gulch  road  is  now  in  condition  for  ore-hauling  and 
during  the  week  about  320,000  pounds  of  Ontario 
ore  was  sent  to  the  Mackintosh  sampler  for  ship- 
ment to  the  smelters.  Qre-hauHng  from  the  May- 
flower No.  7  leasers'  mine  has  been  resumed,  and 
the  Woodside,  Daly,  Alliance,  Nevada-Northland 
and  others  will  follow  suit  with  big  ore  ship- 
ments just  as  soon  as  the  wagon-roads  get  in  better 
condition.  Several  jigging  outfits  are  being  put 
in  working  order  from  below  the  Union  concen- 
trator to  a  point  near  the  lower  depot,  and  they 
will  be  the  means  of  converting  lots  of  waste  into  a 
marketable  article  that  will  be  shipped  to  the 
smelters. 


800 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Mat  3,  1890 


IQechajmisal  Progress. 


Recent  and  !Jeeded  Patent   Improve- 
ments. 

The  Bteam  hammer  has  given  such  perfect  re- 
anlts  in  the  cuBhioning  effects  of  eteara  that  a 
Bubetitate  in  the  form  of  compreeaed  air  mast 
be  employed  where  other  motive-power  than 
Bteam  ib  used. 

There  is  quite  a  tendency  among  inventors 
and  mechanics  to  bring  into  use  the  driving 
effects  of  hydraulic  power  whenever  a  steam 
plant  is  to  be  called  upon  to  operate  the  ma- 
chinery, and  the  mill  privilege,  with  its  never- 
failing  steam,  muBt  be  utilized  in  compressing 
air  that  the  machinery  may  have  some  of  the 
expansive  benefits  that  are  to  be  found  in  the 
steam  engine. 

The  exhaust  from  a  steam  boiler  should  step 
right  back  into  the  boiler  as  readily  as  if  the 
engine  was  simply  an  exhaust  injector,  anl  the 
units  of  beat  that  pass  up  the  smoke-stack 
should  be  dispensed  with  at  once  by  firing  np 
the  plant  on  the  principle  of  the  soda  engine. 
It  would  seem  quite  easy  to  construct  a  boiler 
with  the  fire-box  in  the  same  compartment  with 
the  steam-room,  and  the  fuel  as  well  as  the 
draught  supply  pumped  in  with  the  feed-water, 
and  allow  the  engines  to  make  nse  of  all  the 
gases,  as  well  as  the  mechanical  unison  of  heat 
and  water,  known  as  steam.  If  fears  are  enter- 
tained for  the  air-pump  when  the  condenser  is 
in  use,  a  highly  hydrogenous  fuel  should  be 
used,  which  will  leave  the  greater  part  of  its 
own  product  of  combustion  the  same  as  that  ob- 
tained by  evaporating  the  feed-water. 

Where  a  battery  of  boilers  are  kept  under 
fire,  the  engine  must  keep  a  set  of  pumps  at 
work  that  the  freight  as  well  as  the  passenger 
elevator  may  be  driven  by  hydraulic  power. 
Speaking  of  boilers,  how  an  inventor  must  shake 
his  head  when  he  examines  the  amount  of 
waste  found  in  a  modern  steam  plant,  and  what 
a  wonderful  chance  there  is  for  an  improve- 
ment.    Will  some  inventor  take  notice  ? 

We  shall  expect  before  long  to  find  in  the 
list  of  patent  improvements  a  substance  or  a 
compound  ground  up  and  sold  in  the  form  of 
corn  cakes  that  will  disintegrate  spontaneously, 
similar  to  sky-rocket  powder,  which  will  only 
need  to  be  thrown  into  a  soda-tank  to  supply 
an  engine  with  driving-power  for  ten  hours. 

A  novelty  in  the  manufacture  of  steam  pipes 
consists  in  the  fact  that  a  core  of  some  kind  has 
been  invented  which  may  be  thrust  through 
a  mass  of  melted  steel  after  it  has  been  poured 
into  the  mold.  The  utility  of  such  a  device 
goes  without  saying. 

A  machine  has  been  devised  that  separates 
quartz  sand  into  different  grades  from  4  to  60 
by  simply  allowiug  the  sand  to  drop  or  rain 
down  on  to  a  revolving  cylinder.  Erery  grain 
receives  the  same  velocity  when  it  leaves  the 
cylinder,  and  the  simple  resistance  of  the  air 
effects  the  separation — so  it  is  claimed. 


The  Hammer's  Many  Crimes. 

The  hammer  is  an  ever-present  tool.  It  is 
found  on  every  work-bench.  No  kit  of  tools, 
however  small,  is  of  any  value  without  a  ham- 
mer. It  is  found  in  every  household,  In  every 
shop,  in  every  place  where  work  is  to  be  per- 
formed. We  cannot  do  without  the  hammer; 
but  it  is  guilty  of  many  crimes,  especially  when 
used  by  an  unskillful  or  careless  hand.  A  cor- 
respondent of  the  Blacksmith  and  Wheelwright 
recounts  many  of  its  false  moves,  and  suggests 
remedies  therefor.     We  copy  as  follows: 

The  ever-present  hammer.  How  many  its 
crimes  I  The  body-maker  carelessly  lets  it 
strike  the  panel  when  driving  in  a  nail,  or  per- 
chance he  usea  it  to  set  a  closely-fitted  panel  or 
piece  of  framework.  The  wheelmaker  thinks 
nothing  of  topping  the  felloe  with  its  hard  face, 
and  should  he  forget  or  neglect  to  do  so,  the 
blacksmith  makes  good  hiB  oversight.  It's 
only  a  little  bruiee,  the  paint  will  cover  it. 
Bat  will  the  paint  cover  it?  There's  the  rub. 
Tae  paint  may  cover  it;  but  it  is  bound  not 
to  remain  covered,  and  soon  the  would-be- 
hidden  iDJary  appears  in  a  condition  more  de- 
cided than  when  first  infiicted.  A  knot,  a 
plug,  or  even  a  panel  check  may  be  hid,  but 
not  a  hammer  mark;  and  yet  the  latter  is  a 
fanlt  common  in  almost  every  carriage  factory. 
A  hammer  mark  differs  from  other  injuries, 
owiog  to  the  fact  that  the  fiber  of  the  wood  is 
broken  and  disintegrated,  and  those  nearest 
the  suiface  are  either  severed  at  the  edge  of 
the  bruise  or  they  are  stretched  and  forced 
down;  if  broken  short  off,  the  injury  is  more 
easily  overcome  tban  when  elongated. 

The  first  act  toward  repairing  the  evil  is  to 
moisten  the  wood.  Hot  water  is  the  best,  as  it 
penetrates  more  quickly  than  cold.  Enough 
should  be  applied  to  penetrate  to  the  bottom  of 
the  bruise,  then  allow  the  wood  to  remain  un- 
disturbed until  thoroughly  dried  oat,  after 
which  cat  cff  the  raised  wood  with  a  sharp 
ohisel  and  fill  in  with  chalk  or  silex  mixed  to 
the  consistency  of  putty  with  linseed  oil,  being 
careful  to  level  off  before  the  mixture  has  hard- 
ened. 

When  the  edges  are  not  broken,  cut  across 
the  grain  with  a  sharp  chisel,  removing  a  little 
of  the  wood,  then  wet  as  before  and  treat  it  in 
like  manner  with  the  composition.  It  is  use- 
less to  try  to  fitl  up  the  broken  wood  with  com- 
mon putty,  as  it  will  be  sure  to  shrink  and 
leave  an  uneven  surface.  The  silex,  however, 
makes  a  filling  that  effectually  resists  moisturei 


or  the  action  of  oil  or  turpentine.  When  wood 
has  an  open  grain,  and  for  bruises  of  a  minor 
character,  the  body-maker,  or  rather  the  car- 
riage-builder, will  find  it  profitable  to  moiaten 
the  surface  with  warm  water,  and  after  the 
moisture  has  thoroughly  dried  out,  clean  off  the 
raised  grain  with  a  sharp  scraper;  then  fill  the 
grain  with  a  mixture  of  silex  ground  in  oil,  and 
thinned  with  turpentine,  apply  it  with  a  coarse 
brush  and  rub  off  with  curled  hair  within  15 
minutes  after  the  material  is  applied;  if  allowed 
to  stand  too  long  it  will  harden  and  much  labor 
will  be  required  to  level  it.  If  silex  cannot  be 
procnred  tae  next  best  material  is  cornstarch 
passed  through  the  paint-mill  with  enough  lin- 
seed oil  to  make  a  pasty  compound;  thin  down 
with  turpentine  before  applying. 

Bruises  on  the  hard  wood  of  rims  and  axle 
beds  are  more  troublesome  than  those  of  soft 
wood,  but  they  can  be  treated  to  an  advantage 
by  following  the  course  we  have  recCommend- 
ed;  but  it  is  best  to  fill  the  grain  with  the  silex 
mixture  reduced  as  thin  a^  varnish,  as  a  thick- 
er mixture  would  not  penetrate  far  enough  to 
be  of  any  service. 

The  Colors  in  Tempering  Iron. — A  writer 
in  a  technical  cotemporary  says:  **The  caase 
of  the  production  of  these  colors  is  now  univer- 
sally acknowledged  to  be  the  formation  of  thin 
films  of  oxide  on  the  surface  of  the  metal  when 
it  is  heated  in  presence  of  air.  Eren  this  ques- 
tion was  at  one  time  In  dispute,  such  men  as 
Divy  and  Thomson  taking  the  opposite  view. 
Bat  D  ivy  afterward  showed  that  steel  might 
be  heated  in  a  neutral  gas,  such  as  hydrogen  or 
nitrogen,  without  being  colored  on  its  surface, 
and  that  steel  remained  colorless  when  heated 
under  the  surface  of  oil  or  of  mercury.  I  have 
frrquently  heated  bright  strips  of  polished  steel 
for  boars  under  the  surface  of  mercury  or  oil, 
without  discoloration,  while  they  would  have 
been  instantly  colored  at  the  temperature  used 
if  heated  in  contact  with  air.  I  think,  further, 
that  there  oan  be  little  doubt  that  the  oxide  bo 
produced  is  practically  transparent,  first,  be- 
cause the  sequence  of  colors  is  what  would  be 
expected  in  films  of  a  transparent  sabstaoce 
when  the  thickness  of  the  films  gradually  in- 
creases; also  because  of  observations  on  the  re- 
flected light,  the  color  of  which  varies  some- 
what  at  different  angles;  but  cbitfi?  because  it 
is  found  that  on  increasing  the  temperature  a 
little  above  the  point  necessary  to  produce  a 
dark  blue,  the  color  gradually  disappears 
(though  doubtless  oxidation  proceeds  more  rap- 
idly), and  the  surface,  though  covered  with 
more  oxide,  becomes  almost  colorlesB  agaia. 
When  it  is  granted  that  the  colors  we  are  con- 
sidering are  the  result  of  oxidation,  it  would  at 
once  appear  probable  that  the  nature  of  the 
surface  to  be  heated,  its  freedom  from  dirt  and 
grease,  and  the  length  of  time  during  which  it 
is  heated,  would  all  exert  a  considerable  iiflu- 
ence  on  the  shade  produced.  It  would  also  ap- 
pear probable  that  the  amount  of  carbon  pres- 
ent in  the  metal,  and  the  condition  in  which 
the  carbon  existed,  would  hava  comparatively 
little  influence.  Hitherto,  my  experiments 
have  been  chiefly  directed  to  the  study  of  these 
simple  and,  as  they  appear,  almost  self-evident 
conclusions." 


SeiENTlFie  PR.OGRESS. 


Effect  of  Stress  in  Steel, — In  a  paper  on 
the  behavior  of  steel  under  mechanical  stress, 
by  C.  H.  Cams- Wilson,  read  before  the  Physi- 
cal Society  (British),  the  following  conclusions 
are  reached:  The  effect  of  uniform  longitudinal 
strain  on  a  steel  bar  is  threefold.  (I)  A  strain 
of  the  molecules;  (2)  a  strain  of  the  elements; 
(3)  a  production  of  flow  by  the  strain  of  the 
elements.  The  elongation  due  to  flow  is  the 
strain  usually  observed,  and  this  may  be  either 
recoverable  or  irrecoverable.  The  strain  of  an 
element  is  made  up  of  a  nniform  dilatation  and  a 
uniform  shear  about  an  axis  parallel  to  that  of 
the  bar,  and  therefore  the  flow  elongation  con 
sists  of  an  increase  of  volnma,  together  with  a 
certain  amount  of  sliding.  The  author  summed 
np  as  follows  the  general  conclusions  to  which 
his  experiments  led  him:  1.  Mechanical  strain 
produces  an  atomic  disturbance  in  a  bar,  and 
this  dlBtarbance  increases  regularly  with  the 
stress.  2.  For  small  stresses  the  disturbance  is 
only  partly  permanent,  but  as  the  yield  point 
Is  approached  it  becomes  wholly  permanent. 
The  magnetic  properties  of  a  loaded  bar  are  in 
general  different  from  those  of  the  same  bar  un- 
loaded, but  there  is  certain  stress,  or  range  of 
stresses,  over  which  the  bar  has  the  same  mag- 
netic properties  whether  it  be  loaded  or  not. 


Forced  Draught  Is  coming  to  be  looked 
upon  with  disfavor  in  the  British  navy,  owing 
to  the  many  breakdowns  which  have  attended 
its  application  on  shipboard.  It  is  said  that  a 
trial* trip  made  under  forced  draught  does  more 
injury  to  the  boilers  than  four  years  of  ordinary 
use.  More  recently,  however,  the  Admiralty 
has  authorized  a  series  of  experiments  with 
forced  draught  on  shipboard  with  locomotive 
boilers.  The  plan  proposed  is  this:  Instead  of 
forcing  the  air  through  the  furnaces  by  means 
of  fans  there  will  be  established  induced 
draught.  The  plan  is  to  operate  at  the  root  of 
the  funnel  by  a  fan  acting  upon  the  products  of 
combustion,  and  so  fitted  that  it  may  be  used 
to  accelerate  the  draught  to  any  degree  re- 
quired. The  arrangements  in  the  boiler-room 
are  not  interfered  with,  the  driving  gear  taking 
the  place  of  the  high-speed  engines  now  used 
for  forcing  air.  One  thing  that  the  steamRhip 
City  of  Paris  conclusively  proved  was  that 
forced  draught  on  the  closed  stokehole  system 
oan  be  efficiently  maintained  at  sea, 


Tlie  Refinements  of  Modern  Measure- 
ments and  Manipnlations, 

An  address  recently  delivered  before  the  En- 
gineers' Souiet]^  of  Western  Pennsylvania,  as  re- 
ported by  the  secretary  of  that  society,  contains 
much  useful  information.  We  make  brief  ref- 
erences as  follows: 

Progreaa  is  to-day  written  upon  every  page 
of  the  world's  record,  and  particularly  in  the 
realms  of  science  is  it  making  itB  unmistakable 
mark,  from  thence  extending  outward  to  the 
vast  range  of  correlated  studies  that  go  to  make 
up  the  sum  of  human  knowledge  and  eooaomies. 
In  astronomy  and  astronomical  engineering,  in 
physics  and  chemistry,  in  civil  and  mining  en- 
gineering, in  meteorology  and  in  metrology  and 
in  mechanics,  to  say  nothing  of  many  other 
branches  of  science,  do  we  flud  progress  as  the 
watchword  and  the  theme  that  excites  and 
moves  the  human  brain  to  grander  and  better 
achievements. 

The  day  has  forever  passed  when  we  are  will- 
ing to  say  or  believe  that  "three  barleycorns 
make  one'ioch."  Nor  is  the  advanced  meohanio 
of  to  day  eatisfled  with  his  box-wood  rule,  grad- 
uated to  thirty -aeconds  of  an  inch,  save  for  the 
coarsest  approximate  measurements;  bat  he 
must  have  his  standard  gradaated  to  one  one- 
hundredth  inch  for  his  coarse  meaanres,  and  his 
micrometer  gauges  reading  to  one  one-thou- 
sandth for  ordinary  work.  E^en  in  oar  iron 
and  steel  works,  the  old-time  wire  gauge,  that 
for  a  long  time  held  its  own,  has  been  dis- 
placed by  the  micrometer  gaage  of  infinitely 
greater  accuracy. 

Prof.  Wm.  A.  Rogers  ha?  shown  that  many 
of  our  modern  mechanic?  can  calliper  to  one 
thirty-thousandth  of  an  inch.  These,  however, 
are  coarse,  rough  measures  when  compared 
with  others  that  may  be  mentioned.  In  the 
domain  of  astronomical  meaBurements  great 
progress  has  been  made  of  late  years  by  the 
use  of  refined  instrumental  means,  as  well  as 
the  many  methods  devised  for  the  elimination 
of  instrumental  errors.  The  divisions  of  the 
meridian  circle  have  been  brought  to  astonish- 
ing accuracy. 

The  various  enlightened  and  civiliz3d  nations 
have  standards  of  weight  and  measure  that 
have  slowly  been  evolved  from  the  cubit,  the 
span,  the  finger-length  and  the  barleycorn,  if 
you  please. 

Nations  have  their  standards.  Oa  what  are 
they  based?  The  French  meter  is  presumed  to 
be  one  ten-millionth  of  the  earth's  quadrant, 
the  English  yard  evolved  from  the  barleycorn, 
etc.,  but  the  measurements  of  precision  in  our 
day  demand  an  indestructible,  absolute  and 
unalterable  basis  for  our  standards,  so  that  if 
,  they  all  be  destroyed  the  original  is  still  avail- 
able. Prof.  Michelson  has  chosen  a  wave  length 
of  sodium  light  as  the  basis  for  a  new  standard, 
a  something  that  will  remain  forever  of  the  same 
absolute  linear  value.  Now  a  wave  length  of 
sodium  light  is,  roughly  speaking,  about  one 
forty-two  thousandths  of  an  inch  long.  Now, 
as  this  is  an  appreciable  figure,  it  is  evident  that 
any  method  proposed  to  measure  its  abso- 
lute value  mast  be  of  the  highest  accuracy. 
The  method  devised  by  Prof.  Michelson  in  the 
refractometer  has  certainly  brought  the  work 
to  marvelous  perfection.  He  has  shown  that 
the  error  was  not  greater  than  one  part  in  two 
millions,  and  possibly  would  be  made  not 
greater  than  one  in  ten  millions.  Gentle- 
men, can  you  appreciate  such  a  quantity  ?  Yet 
here  is  a  physicist,  with  a  high  ideal  of  perfec- 
tion, taking  the  pulsations  that  are  sent  earth- 
ward by  the  sun,  and  by  methods  within  the 
reach  of  human  skill,  actually  recording  them 
upon  a  standard  bar  immersed  in  a  fre^z'ng 
mixture,  and  giving  us  a  universal  standard 
based  upon  the  absolute  value  of  a  wave  length 
of  light.  You  may  appreciate  some  of  the 
niceties  in  the  construction  of  this  interferential 
refractometer  when  I  tell  you  that  in  making 
some  of  the  optical  surfaces  for  use  with  it, 
Prof.  Michelson  demands  an  accaracy  closely 
bordering  on  one-millionth  of  an  inch, 

lu  mechanical  appliances  and  in  modern  ma- 
chine work  great  strides  are  being  constantly 
made  toward  greater  and  greater  perfection, 
and,  as  1  said  in  the  cutset,  the  mechanic  of 
to-day  is  not  satisfied  with  the  coarse  measures 
and  gauges  of  our  early  days;  but  he  muet  have 
his  steel  graduated  rules,  his  micrometer-cal- 
lipers, his  standard  reamers,  etc.  What  the 
English  nation  owes  to  their  Whitworth,  we, 
in  tarn,  owe  to  such  firms  as  Brown  &  Sharpe, 
Pratt  &  Whitney,  Sellers,  Bament,  Warner  & 
Swasey,  and  others,  for  their  valuable  contri- 
butions to  metrology,  and  their  standards  of 
various  kinds  that  have  contributed  so  much  to 
advance  the  mechanics  in  this  country.  The 
standard  measuring  devices  made  by  Brown  & 
Sharpe  have  become  a  power  for  accurate  work. 
The  standard  gauges  of  the  Pratt  &  Whitney 
Company  now  find  an  honored  place  in  all  high- 
class  machine  shope;  and  our  American  machin- 
ists are  greatly  indebted  to  the  labors  of  Prof. 
W.  A,  Rogers  and  Mr.  George  M.  Bond,  who 
designed  and  carried  into  execution  that  won- 
derful instrument  of  precision  called  the  Rogers- 
Bond  comparator,  from  which  has  emanated 
many  standard  tools,  and  which  has  assisted  so 
largely  in  the  introduction  of  interchangeable 
parts  in  American  machinery. 

It  is  trae  that  humau  hand;^  and  human 
brains  muBt  have  a  limit  to  their  capabilities; 
but  where  shall  we  place  that  limit?    Watt 


gave  us  the  horse-power  as  the  unit  of  meas- 
urement. Joule  gave  ns  the  better  one  of  the 
foot-pound  unit;  King  Henry's  arm  may  have 
served  for  the  long  measure,  and  the  barleycorn 
for  the  short  measure,  but  the  meter  and  the  mi- 
cron are  infinitely  superior:  yet  we  still  hope 
for  better  standards,  and  are  now  reaching  out 
for  waves  of  radiant  energy  from  which  to 
make  them,  and  which  shall  remain  as  constant 
as  the  universe,  "  whose  bailder  and  maker  is 
God."  

Dispersinoi  Fogs. — The  novel  proposal  for 
the  dispersion  of  fogs  brought  forward  some 
time  since  by  a  Swiss  artillery  officer,  who  has 
placed  upon  record  his  opinion  that  a  phenom- 
enon of  this  kind  recently  occurring  under  his 
observation  was  due  to  a  discharge  of  some 
pieces  of  ordnance,  has  excited  considerable 
comment,  and  in  France  the  statement  has  led 
to  several  pnbliBhed  oommanioations  upon  the 
effdcts  of  artillery  fire  upon  the  atmosphere 
leading  to  quite  a  different  conclusion.  It  ap- 
pears, for  mstanoe,  that  daring  the  siege  of 
Belfort  in  the  Franco-Prussian  war,  where  an 
average  of  1000  discharges  of  cannon  per  hour 
was  registered  for  many  days  in  succession,  fir- 
ing was  frequently  suspended  on  both  sides, 
owing  to  the  dense  fogs  which  settled  down 
upon  the  field  of  action,  an  observation  which 
it  is  thought  would  give  ground  for  the  suppo- 
sition that  oonouBsions  of  the  air  near  the  sur- 
face of  the  soil  by  interfering  with  the  circula- 
tion of  the  air,  bring  about  that  congested  con- 
dition of  the  atmosphere  which  is  a  neocBsary 
condition  for  the  production  of  fogs;  and  again 
this  conclusion,  it  is  remarked,  leads  to  the 
idea  that  not  only  the  aggregation  of  houses  in 
towns,  preventing  the  passage  of  light  breezes, 
determines  the  production  of  fogs  in  such  local- 
ities, but  also  that  the  concussion  of  air  dae  to 
the  shocks  of  town  traffic  may  operate  in  the  same 
way.  The  opinion  of  good  jadgeB  in  this  line 
of  investigation  is  that  not  only  are  further  ob- 
servations of  such  phenomena  desirable,  but, 
now  that  the  nature  and  causes  of  town  fogs 
are  so  carefully  studied  with  a  view  to  their 
prevention  and  cure,  it  is  well  that  every  con- 
tribution to  the  elucidation  of  the  subject,  how- 
ever apparently  insignificant,  should  receive  at- 
tention as  possibly  containing  a  clue  of  value. 


Effect  of  Heat  on  Metal  and   Stone. — 
Long  iron  bridges   are   built  with   overlapping 
slides  at  the  middle  of  each  span  to  allow  the 
structure  to  elongate  or  shorten    itself,   as   the 
weather  is  cold  or  hot.     In  the  Brooklyn  bridge 
at  New  York  the   movement  between  the   ex- 
tremes of  expansion  and  contraction  are  several 
feet.     An  east  and  west  bridge  expands  more 
than  one  rnuning  north  and  south.     The   same 
phenomenon   is   noticed    in    stone    structures, 
Banker-Hill  monument  leans  to  the  east  in   the    a 
morning  and  to  the  west  in  the  afternoon.     The   %  | 
same  is  the  case  with    the  WaBhiogton   monu-    ^ 
ment  at  the  National  Capital,    The  slight  hill 
on    which   the     astronomical    observatory    at 
Washington  is    built    is    found  to  follow  the 
movement  of  the  sun  with  a   kind  of  twisting 
motion  in  hie  apparent  coarse  from  east  to  west. 
This  movement  sensibly    affects    some  of    the 
more  delicate  iuatruments  In   that  institution. 
A  plumb-line  suspended  from  the  interior  of  the 
dome  at  WaBhington  was  found  to   swing  with 
a  circular  motion  over  a  space  of  four   and  a  j 
quarter  inches  in  diameter,  indicating  a   dip  of  | 
the  dome  from  a  perpendicular  of   eight  and  a 
half  incheB.     Phenomena  of  this  kind  were  first  [ 
observed  by  a   monk   under   the  dome   at  St.  | 
Peter's  in   Rome   and  by  him   was   at  first  atj 
tributed  to  a  third  and -undiecovered  movement 
of  the   earth.     Science  afterward  came  to   hie 
relief  and  showed  that  it  was  simply  the  actio^ 
of  the  sun  upon  the  metal  dome. 


AiK  AND  Btrntng  Coal  — ^A  little  mor^ 
knowledge  of  the  science  of  coal  combustion 
would  be  a  good  thing  for  most  firemen,  ano( 
would  result  in  a  large  saving  to  their  employ^ 
ers.  A  contemporary  says :  What  there  iq 
difficult  in  understanding  that  coal  requires  ; 
certain  amount  of  air  to  burn  it  we  cannot  eee4 
yet  some  engineers  shovel  In  coal  with  no  conJ 
sideration  of  where  it  goes.  Many  look  npom 
a  chimney  as  an  outlet  for  smoke  simplyJ 
whereas  its  purpose  is  also  to  supply  air  enouga 
to  properly  burn  coal.  Any  engineer  oai 
throw  coal  on  a  fire  with  a  sluggish  draught,! 
and  in  time  it  disappears,  and  with  no  great  in^ 
crease  in  the  amount  of  smoke.  That  is  whan 
the  gas  manufacturer  docB,  bat  instead  of  letl 
ting  the  gas  be  lost  by  escaping  into  the  at 
mosphere,  he  sells  it  to  this  same  fireman,  per^ 
haps,  who  supplies  it  with  air  and  uses  it,  givJ 
ing  light  and  heat.  The  fireman  would  burn  in 
under  his  boiler  if  it  were  cheap  enough,  as  hq 
does  natural  gas,  and  It  would  evaporate  a  con^ 
siderable  amount  of  water.  But  he  would  dd 
this  only  when  some  one  else  makes  it;  forj 
when  he  makes  it  himself,  under  hiB  own 
boiler,  it  is  worth  nothing  to  him  and  is  throwij 
away.  Now  why  is  not  gas  made  in  an  ordiJ 
nary  furnace  worth  as  much  as  that  mad^ 
and  stored  np  for  use  by  means  of  a  ^gas  rea 
tort  ?  

A  Mushroom  Myth.— It  ia  a  popular  erroi| 
that  mushrooms  grow  tu  their  full  sizs  during 
a  single  night.  They  are,  indeed,  rapid  id 
growth  and  rapid  in  decay,  but  the  same  mnshj 
room  may  be  watched  growing  and  expanding 
for  two.  or  three  days,  and  then  gradually  dej 
caying.  It  is  not  unusual  for  a  oultivatjp 
mushroom  to  become  attacked  by  a  paraslQ 
mold,  which  renders  it  unfit  for  food,  but  enol^ 
a  misfortane  seldom  occurs  to  the  wild  fOTDT 
nntil  it  is  in  process  of  decay. 


May  3,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


501 


Mesmerism  —Hypnotism. 


A  oorreapoadeat,  *' W.  A.  S.,"  of  Fresno, 
uki  foriaformatioD  ia  regard  to  "  UypDOtiam." 
**  WbAt  is  hypDOtism?"  *' Uow  is  it  prao* 
tlo«d  ?  "  *'  How  much  ia  it  in  advance  of  mea- 
meriim  as  practiced  '20  years  ago  ? "  "  Can  the 
bypootixer  gain  the  power  to  hypnotize  another?" 
"Can  he  bypD0ti':9  a  stranger  through  the  re* 
qaest  of  a  friend  ?  "  We  will  endeavor  to  an- 
swer these  questions  seriatim. 

Wbat  la  BypQOtlam? 
Hypnotism  is  a  kind  of  unnatural  sleep  into 
whioh  one  person  may  be  placed  by  a  peculiar 
power  or  force  possessed  by  another.  It  is 
generally  acknowledged  by  soientiate  who  have 
looked  into  the  matter  that  this  force  does  not 
depend  upon  the  Imagination  and  that  it  does 
not  act  in  an  equal  degree  upon  all.  There  ap> 
pears  to  be  but  a  small  percentage  of  people 
who  are  susceptible  to  thia  force  or  ioHuenoe, 
and  a  still  smaller  number  who  can  exercise  it. 
Some  scientists  have  supposed  it  might  be  a 
fluid — in  the  same  sense  in  whioh  we  sometimes 
speak  of  electricity  as  a  tlaid.  It  is  sometimes 
called  one  and  the  same  thing  as  animal  mag* 
nettsm — whatever  that  may  be.  The  question 
of  what  it  consists  is  quite  as  difficult  to  an* 
Bwer  as  Is  the  aame  query  in  regard  to  eleo- 
trioity.  All  we  know  of  either  ia  what  is  made 
manifest  in  their  effects. 

How  Is  Hypnotism  Produced? 
Years  ago,  when  men  first  began  to  realize 
that  such  a  force  existed,  and  to  experiment 
with  the  same,  the  hypnotizer  usually  took  a 
seat  directly  in  front  of  the  person  to  be  hypno- 
tized. The  former  with  each  hand  grasped  the 
opposite  hands  of  the  other,  the  balls  of  the 
thumbs  resting  against  each  other,  remaining 
thus  from  five  to  ten  minutes.  The  hypnotizer 
then  made  alow  passes  from  five  or  six  to  a 
dczBu  or  more  with  open  hands  over  the  patient 
from  head  to  foot,  without,  however,  touching 
the  person  or  clothing.  Daring  this  entire 
time  the  operator  exercised  the  entire  force  of 
his  will-power  in  silent  commands  thfit  the  sub- 
ject should  submit  to  his  will.  Ia  later  times, 
and  by  the  conatant  exercise  of  this  power,  op' 
erators  have  accompUshed  their  work  in  grad* 
ually  lessened  time,  until  now  the  best  hypnO' 
tizars  are  often  able  to  throw  a  person  into  a 
hypnotized  condition  by  a  look  or  the  will  of 
the  operator,  or  at  most  by  the  merest  contact 
of  the  hand  upon  the  lower  part  of  the  fore- 
head. In  general,  persons  of  strong  oonstitu- 
tion  and  vigorous  health  are  capable  of  exer- 
cising the  moat  ready  and  powerful  influence, 
and  those  of  opposite  character  are  the  most 
susceptible  to  such  infiuence.  That  rule  is, 
however,  sometimes  reversed. 

How  Much  Is  It  in  Advance  of  Mesmerism? 

Hypnotism  and  mesmerism  are   one  .and  the 
aame  thing.     It  was  at  first  called   mesmerism 
from  the  name  of   the  physician  who  first  made 
it  known  to  the   world   about   the   year    17S2. 
D:.    Mesmer   commenced   his   experiments   by 
the  endeavor  to  care  diseases  with  the  common 
magnet,  and  soon   found  that  his   magnet  ap- 
peared to  exert  a  peculiar  infiaence   on   his  pa- 
tients.   He  Bubacqaently,  however,  ascertained 
that  the    **  influence"  proceeded  from  his  per- 
son instead  of   the   magnet — that  he  could  pro- 
duce the   same  impressions  by  making  passes 
over  his  patients  with  his  hands  alone,  without 
a  magnet.     He  thus  learned  that  the   phenom- 
ena were  not  produced  by  mineral   magnetism 
bat   by  animal   magnetism.     Hence  the  treat- 
ment  took  the  name,  during   his   lifetime,  of 
**  animal    magnetism."      After   his   death    his 
memory  was   honored   by  his  friends  by  calling 
the   treatment   "Mesmerism."      In    1734    the 
French  Government  ordered  the   medical  fac- 
ulty to  investigate  and  report   upon   Meamer'a 
theory.     Dr.  Franklin,  who  was  iu  Paris  at  the 
time,  was  placed  upon  the  committee  of  inves- 
tigation.    The  commission  was  not  unanimous 
in  Its  report;   but  the  investigation  aroused  a 
deep  interest  among  the  medical  fraternity  and 
intelligent  people  generally,  and   experiments 
and  investigations  were  kept   up,  in   the  prog- 
ress of   which   one  of  the   leading   physicians 
made  the  discovery  of  what  he  called  magnetic 
aomnambuUsm.    This  was   in  the  year  1785. 
This  discovery  was  closely  followed   by  that  of 
clairvoyance.     Many  of  the  alleged  phenomena 
connected  with  this  phase  of   mesmerism  have 
excited  more  controversy   than    has   attended 
any  of   its   other  conditions,  because,  perhaps, 
of  the  easier  field  it  presents   for   the  work  of 
the  imagination,  or   for   downright  imposture, 
No  apecial  interest  in   these   discoveries  seems 
to  have  been  taken  in  England   or    >.he  United 
States  until  about  the  year  1S25,  at  whioh  time 
the  subject  was  taken  ap  by  Mr.  Braid  of  Man- 
chester, England.     He  discovered   that  a  per- 
son could  be  put  into  a  magnetic  sleep  by  being 
ordered  to  look  steadily  at  some  amall  object  a 
foot  or  BO  from  the  eye  and  a  little   above  that 
organ.      To  this  sleep   he   gave  the   name   of 
"  hypnotism,"  from  the  Greek  word  '*  hypnos" — 
sleep.     All  these  phenomena  are   now  believed 
to  come  under  the  same  law — being  substan- 
tially mesmeric   in   character.      Hypnotism  is 
really  the  proper  scientific  term  by  which  all  of 

the  olasB  of  phenomena  of  which  we  are  speak* 


ing  ahonld  be  known,  and  it  is  the   term  now 
moat  generally  employed  for  auoh  purpose. 

The  Various  Stages  of  Hypnotism. 
In  thia  connection  it  may  be  intereating  to 
the  reader  to  have  the  regular  sequences  of  the 
variona  atagea  of  bypootism  pointed  out,  which 
we  will  endeavor  to  do  aa  briefly  as  the  subjact 
will  admit.  It  ahonld  be  premised,  however, 
that  there  are  some  hypnotizirs  who  do  not  be- 
lieve tn  these  regular  stages.  We  have  already 
deaoribed  bow  hypnotism  is  produced-  The 
conditions  or  stages  of  the  mesmeric  influence 
are  generally  recorded  as  six  in  number,  and  in 
the  following  order: 

Ist.  A  alight  impnlae,  known  as  wakeful 
magneti;:ation,  in  which  the  person  feels  a 
prickling  influenoo  much  like  that  felt  in  a 
limb  ** asleep,"  aa  it  is  called;  the  patient  all 
the  while  retaining  his  normal  consciousness. 

*2J.  A  sense  of  drowsiness  comes  over  the 
patient;  the  pulse  falling;  breathing  quicker, 
hot  still  conscious. 

.'td,  A  state  of  Benseless  steep,  wherein  he  is 
insensible  to  the  loudest  noises,  with  the  nerves 
of  sensation  evidently  benumbed. 

4th,  The  fourth  stage  Is  that  of  magnetic 
somnambulism,  in  whioh  the  patient  enters 
upon  an  apparently  new  sphere  of  existence. 
He  has  consciousness  and  eensatlon,  but  only 
toward  the  operator,  whom  he  hears  and  obeys. 
His  own  senses  of  touch,  taste  and  smell  are 
dormant.  If  the  operator  gives  him  a  junk  of 
fat  to  eat  and  tells  him  it  is  cake,  he  eats  it, 
and  it  tastes  to  him  like  cake;  he  takes  water 
and  thinks  it  whisky,  etc.  If  he  is  told  a 
stick  is  a  snake,  be  regards  and  treats  it  as 
such. 

5th.  The  fifth  8t<>ge  is  that  of  clairvoyance. 
The  patient  seems  to  have  means  of  perception 
unknown  in  the  normal  condition  of  any  human 
being.  It  ia  claimed  that  he  Is  able  to  see 
through  opaque  substances — through  walls  of 
wood  or  stone,  even  into  his  own  body  or  that 
of  another,  as  though  the  internal  parts  of  the 
body  were  set  up  in  a  glass  case,  etc.  S(f  re- 
markable are  the  asserted  phenomena  connected 
with  this  oondition,  and  so  impossible  to  man 
in  his  normal  state,  that  their  asserted  ex- 
istence in  the  somnambulistic  condition  seem 
impossible  to  the  ordinary  mind.  It  is  in 
this  state  that  the  mental  faculties  seem  to  be 
unusually  acute,  qaite  supernatural — so  much 
so  that  a  person  when  so  directed  can  speak 
with  clearness  and  with  oratorical  effect  before 
an  audience,  although  in  the  normal  condition 
he  cannot  speak  in  public  at  all. 

6th.  There  is  sometimes  indeed  a  sixth  condi- 
tion whioh  is  regarded  as  an  exalted  state  of  the 
fifth,  in  which  the  subjaot  is  said  to  see  what  is 
going  on  at  a  distance  of  a  hundred  miles  or 
more.  He  also  reads  the  past  and  foretells  the 
future,  etc. 

7bh.  To  the  above  may  be  added  that  of 
mind  reading,  to  whioh  further  allusion  will  be 
made  at  the  close  of  this  article.  Moreover,  if 
there  is  any  reality  in  any  of  the  phenomena 
connected  with  "spiritualism,"  as  it  is  called, 
they  may  also,  with  good  reason,  be  relegated 
to  this  wonderful  principle  of  hypnotism,  of 
which,  like  electricity,  we  see  so  much  and 
know  so  little. 

It  should  be  added  that  no  precise  line  can 
be  drawn  between  these  various  stages  of 
hypnotism,  neither  are  they  all  apparent 
on  every  occasion;  but  when  they  do  appear 
they  take  about  the  sequence  as  above  de- 
scribed. 


gence  p»sed  from  one  to  the  other  without 
words  or  signals  and  through  a  wire.  At  an- 
other test  in  Philadelphia,  miide  a  short  time 
since,  ex  Governor  Pollock  of  Pennsylvania, 
who  died  a  few  days  ago,  held  the  wire  Id  Wil- 
mington, Delaware,  while  Mr.  Brown,  who  was 
at  the  other  end  in  Philadelphia,  2$  miles  die 
tant,  successfully  wrote  numbers  apon  which 
Pollock  fixed  hia  mind. 

In  conclusion  we  would  remark  that  the 
main  phenomena  asserted  in  hypnotic  praotioe 
may  be  set  down  as  indisputable  facts.  It  is, 
indeed,  ditbcult  to  conceive  the  reality  of  such 
things,  and  if  we  admit  them,  it  ia  equally 
diliicult  to  diacover  any  valid  reason  why  de- 
velopments should  stop  where  they  are,  or  why 
they  should  not  go  on  progressing  with  the  ages 
until  humanity  has  developed  powers  beyond 
anything  of  which,  even  in  its  present  state  of 
advancement,  the  human  mind  oan  conceive. 


SOOD   HEjA>LTH, 


Useful  Informatio.n. 


Oan  the  Hypnotizer  Give  the  Power  to 
Hypnotize  to  Another? 
He  cannot  directly  and  at  once,  but  the  pow- 
er is  one  of  devalopment.  By  continual  prac- 
tice, with  strong  efforts  to  centralize  the  will- 
force  on  his  subj  ^ot,  he  can  gradually  develop 
the  power  in  most  parsons  to  a  greater  or  less 
extent.  Bat  few,  however,  seem  to  be  so  con- 
stituted that  they  can  attain  any  remarkable 
snccess  in  this  direction. 

Oan  Any  One  Hynnotlze  a  Stranger  at  tne 
Request  of  a  Friend.? 
If  the  friend  Vi  at  a  distance  and  oat  of  sight  of 
the  operator,  no.  The  Influence  must  be  ex- 
erted directly,  either  by  personal  contact  or 
the  subject  must  come  under  the  direct  action 
of  both  the  mind  and  sight  of  the  operator, 

Mind-Reading 
Is  no  doubt  one  of  the  latest  phases  of 
hypnotism.  That  mind  impressions  are  con- 
veyed from  one  mind  to  another,  or  that  one 
person  can  read  and  articulate  the  impreBsioDs 
made  upon  the  brain  of  another,  is  now  placed 
quite  beyond  successful  controversy.  But 
hitherto  it  has  been  considered  that  personal 
presence  of  the  two  was  necessary.  Bat  as  we 
write,  intelligence  comea  over  the  wires  from 
Washington,  and  from  very  good  authority,  of 
certain  tests  recently  made  in  that  city  and 
Philadelphia,  which  tend  to  show  that  mind 
impressions  can  be  conveyed. from  one  person 
to  another  through  the  medium  of  the  tele- 
graphic wire,  without  being  voiced.  At  a  pub- 
lic exhibition  in  Washington,  a  mind-reader, 
Mr.  J.  Kandall  Brown,  blindfolded,  was  at  one 
end  of  an  insulated  copper  wire,  and  at  the 
other  end  was  a  gentleman  whom  the  audience 
knew  not  to  be  a  confederate.  Kioh  gentleman 
held  the  wire  to  his  forehead,  and  the  one  who 
had  the  use  of  his  eyes  opened  a  watch  and 
read  to  himself  the  figures  composing  its  nam- 
ber.  Blown  at  one  end  of  the  wire  wrote  the 
figures  on  a  blackboard  as  they  were  revealed 
to  the  eye  and  miu'l  of  the  gentleman  at  the 
other  end.  The  fact  that  the  reader  uncon- 
sciously made  one  mistake  in  reading  one  of  the 
figures  serves  to  add  to  the  claim  that  Intelli- 


FooD  AND  Health. — The  tendency  of  the 
age  is  toward  greater  refinement  in  food  as  in 
other  departments  of  living,  even  among  the 
middle  classes.  In  a  lecture  lately  delivered  at 
the  Smithsonian  Institute  on  "Food  and 
Health,"  Prof.  Atwater  quoted  from  Sir  Henry 
Thompson  as  follows  :  *•!  have  come  to  the 
conclusion  that  more  than  half  the  disease 
which  embitters  the  middle  and  latter  part  of 
life  is  due  to  avoidable  errors  in  diet,  and  that 
more  mischief  in  the  form  of  actual  disease,  of 
impaired  vigor  and  of  shortened  life,  aoorues  to 
civilized  man  in  Eagland  and  throughout  Cen- 
tral Earope  from  erroneous  habits  of  eating 
than  from  the  habitual  use  of  alcoholic  drinks, 
considerable  as  I  know  that  evil  to  be."  Prof. 
Atwater  holds  that  this  evil  of  overeating,  be  it 
great  or  small,  is  coniiaed  practically  to  the 
classes  to  whom  generous  .  fortune,  un- 
checked by  reasonable  restraint,  allows  it, 
"There  are,"  he  says,  "countless  sufferers 
from  dietary  habits  into  whioh  self-indulgence 
has  not  tempted,  but  relentless  fate  has  forced 
upon  them.  The  overfed  only  pay  for  pleasure 
the  penalty  of  pain."  Another  great  cause  of 
stomachic  troubles  in  this  country  has  always 
been  the  haste  with  which  food  is  literally 
"bolted  "  by  men  of  nearly  all  classes.  They 
could  not  or  would  not  take  the  time  necessary 
to  the  proper  eating  of  a  meal,  preferring 
to  rob  themselves  of  health  to  rob  their 
basinesB  of  even  a  few  minutes'  personal  atten- 
tion. But  we  are  growing  away,  slowly,  from 
thi3  bad  habit,  and  the  time  is  approaohing 
when  Americans  will  have  good  digestions  to 
wait  upon  appetite. 

Don't  Sit  on  Your  Spines  1—"  We  ought  to 
establish  in  the  United  States  a  school  of  de- 
portment for  public  men,"  says  Kate  Field. 
'*  And  the  first  motto  I  should  hang  up  over  the 
door  would  be:  *  Don't  sit  on  your  spinel'  I 
couldn't  help  thinking  of  that  as  I  sat  in  the 
gallery  of  the  House  of  Kdpreeentativea  the  day 
the  Obief  Justice  delivered  his  oration.  In 
marched  the  President  and  Mr.  Blaine,  fol- 
lowed by  the  other  secretaries,  and  sat  down 
in  the  first  row  of  the  amphitheater.  Sit? 
Yes;  sitting  is  what  it  is  called.  Within 
five  minutes  every  mother's  aon  of  them,  with 
perhaps  one  exception,  had  slid  down  so  that 
his  body  was  supported  by  his  shoulder  blades 
and  the  small  of  his  back.  The  justices  of  the 
Supreme  Cjurt  followed,  and  down  they  went 
in  the  same  way.  So  did  the  rest  of  the  dig- 
nitaries, as  btvy  after  bevy  filed  in.  In  con- 
trast with  them  there  sat  the  foreign  ministers 
and  the  delegates  to  the  two  laternational  Con- 
ferences, as  upright  as  ramrods.  What  made 
the  contrast  most  disagreeable  was  the  fact 
that  our  own  great  men  were  by  far  the  best- 
looking  persona  on  the  floor,  as  a  rule.  It 
seemed  a  pity  that  they  should  spoil  their  fine 
effect  by  such  an  attitude.  Bit  it  is  the  com- 
mon fault  of  Americans  in  public  places.  Con^ 
gresB  habitually  sits  on  its  four  hundred  and 
odd  spines  when  it  isn't  making  speeches  or 
writing  letters.  Our  magistrates  do  it  on  the 
b3nch.  Oar  legislators  do  it.  Everybody 
does  it."      ^ 

Blindness  from  Infantile  Neglect. — It  is 
distressing,  says  London  Figaro,  that  out  of 
the  7000  persons  blind  from  their  birth  in  this 
country  who  owe  their  loss  of  sight  to  inflim- 
mation  of  the  eyes,  at  least  two-thirds  of  them 
might  now  have  been  in  the  enjiyment  of  their 
sight  bat  for  the  ignorance  or  neglect  of  their 
earliest  guardians.  It  seems  that  the  remedies 
for  the  in'antile  inflimmation  which  causes 
blindness  are  both  many  and  simple.  Thus  it 
cannot  be  too  widely  made  known  that  the  eyes 
of  a  newly-born  child,  if  toflamed,  should  be 
washed  with  pure  warm  water,  and  that  then  a 
single  drop  of  a  two-per-cent  solution  of 
nitrate  of  silver  should  be  instilled  into  each 
with  a  drop-tabe.  In  Garmany  midwives  are 
enjoined  to  adopt  the  above  remedial  treat- 
ment, under  oath,  and  since  that  has  been  done 
the  decrease  in  the  number  of  blind  children 
has  been  most  appreciable. 

Ndts  as  Food. — They  are  Indigestible  things 
at  best;  but  if  we  must  eat  them,  a  little  salt  tak- 
en after,  either  in  water  or  dry  on  the  tongue, 
will  prevent  any  ill-effects.  Nothing  we  eat 
needs  more  thorough  mastication  than  nuts 
before  baing  fit  for  the  human  stomach.  If 
swallowed  in  too  coarse  a  condition,  they  are 
apt  to  make  a  short  stop  in  some  of  the  nar- 
rower passages  of  the  digestive  organs  with 
fatal  result. 


Splitting  a  Grindstone. 

A  workman  was  trying  to  split  a  grindstone. 
When  a  stone  is  new  and  four  feet  in  diameter,  10 
inches  is  none  too  thick,  but  when  that  stone 
wears  down  to  24  inches  it  should  be  spilt.  It 
is  too  clumsy,  but  will  make  two  nice  stones  If 
carefully  split. 

The  man  in  question  bad  drilled  a  row  of 
holes  around  the  stone,  about  three  inches  apart. 
Ordinary  shims  and  wedges  like  thoee  used  by 
stonecutters  were  put  in  the  holes  and  driven 
up  by  a  hammer  in  the  usual  way.  One  wedge 
was  driven  a  little  too  hard,  and  oat  oame  one 
side  of  the  stone,  spoiling  half  of  it. 

Had  that  workman  had  the  "  know  how  " 
he  would  have  tamed  a  deep  groove  in  the 
stone  before  it  was  removed  from  its  former 
hanging.  The  groove  should  be  three  inches 
deep,  and  three-fourths  of  an  inch  wide  outside, 
tapering  to  aa  narrow  as  possible  to  be  made  at 
the  bottom.  This  groove  done,  the  shaft  and 
collars  to  be  removed  and  the  groove  driven  full 
of  dry  pine  wedges.  Put  them  in  carefully,  all 
eqaally  tight.  Throw  the  stone  into  the  water, 
let  it  lie  over  night  and  it  will  be  split  nicely. 

The  Speed  of  Grindstones. 
The  speed  for  running  grindstones  is  an  im- 
portant practical  question.  The  general  im- 
pression is  that  the  surface  velocity  of  a  large 
stone  can  be  greater  tbaa  that  of  a  small  one — ■ 
which  diffdrs  from  the  rim  of  the  fly-wheel,  be- 
cause of  its  being  a  disk.  At  the  Whitney  & 
Barnes  Co.,  Syracuse,  N.  Y.,  where  a  large 
number  of  stones  are  employed,  they  run  three 
six-feet  stones  for  the  edgers,  while  they  use  a 
mechanical  holder  for  the  work  at  about  2S00 
feet  per  minute,  and  the  same  stones  for  hand- 
grinding  about  4000  feet  per  minute.  For 
Ohio  stones  a  surface  valooity  of  from  2000  to 
2500  feet  is  considered  the  limit  of  safety.  For 
Huron  stones  from  2S00  to  3500  is  recorded  as 
the  limit.  The  best  and  most  economical  speed 
of  grindstones  no  doubt  depends  largely  on  the 
quality  of  the  stone.  The  limit  of  speed  for 
any  special  variety,  diameter  and  thickness  of 
atones  should  be  thoroughly  tested  by  putting  a 
heavy  guard  over  one,  and  run  on  up  with 
graduated  speed  until  it  barsts. 


How  to  Sharpen  a  Razor. — A  oorreapond- 
ent  of  the  Scuntijic  American  writes  as  follows: 
Use  two  hones,  an  Arkansas  oil  stone  and  a 
fine  razor  hone.  The  razor  ia  at  first  applied 
to  the  Arkansas  stone,  using  fair  pressure,  and 
finishing  with  lighter  and  lighter  pressure 
strokes.  Ramove  razor  from  the  coarse  hone  to 
the  fine  razor  bone,  upon  which  oil  is  also  em- 
ployed. With  a  few  light  strokes  on  the  fine 
hone,  an  enduring,  hair'Splitting  edge  ie  formed. 
If  the  razor  be  kept  on  the  finishing  hone  too 
long,  the  fine  edge  will  be  lost.  If  this  be  the 
case,  the  pjooess  must  be  repeated,  that  is,  the 
r8z>r  is  again  applied  to  the  coarser  hone  and 
again  finished  upon  the  fine  hone,  oar^  being 
taken  to  cease  honing  after  the  razor  has  ac- 
quired the  hair-splitting  edge.  Very  little 
practice  is  r(  quired  to  ascertain  when  that  point 
is  reached,  a  few  hairs  of  medium  fineness 
supplying  the  required  test.  No  doubt  other 
instraments  requiring  very  keen  cutting  edges 
could  also  be  sharpened  in  manner  indicated. 
The  coarse  hone  employed  should  be  of  sDlii- 
ciently  fine  texture  to  put  a  smooth  edge  on  a 
pocket-knife,  but  not  fine  enough  to  give 
a  smooth  cutting  edge  to  a  razor. 

Tests  for  Underwear, — A  new  method  of 
testing  woolen  garments  is  by  putting  caustio 
soda  into  a  cup  of  water,  and  dipping  the  arti- 
cle whose  genuineness  is  doubted  into  the  mixt- 
ure, of  course  being  careful  not  to  touch  the 
liquid.  The  caustic  soda  will  quickly  burn 
animal  fibers,  but  has  no  effect  upon  those  of  a 
vegetable  origin.  If  the  article  is  all  wool  it 
will  be  dissolved  in  the  liquid,  leaving  nothing 
but  a  track  of  coloring  matter.  If  the  material 
i9  ootton  it  comes  out  unscathed.  When  the 
material  is  wool  supported  by  a  framework  of 
cotton,  the  latter  being  indistinguishable  to  the 
eye  by  ordinary  test,  the  caustic  soda  quickly 
divorces  the  two,  dissolves  the  wool  and  leaves 
the  cotton  as  clean  as  if  it  had  been  woven  by 
itself.  It  has  been  suggested  that  people 
might  buy  a  class  of  underwear  made  of  wool 
and  cotton  mixed,  that  when  the  sultry  days  of 
spring  arrive,  a  bath  of  caustic  soda  might  be 
prepared,  the  garment  dipped  therein  to  emerge 
in  the  form  of  cotton  gossamer  for  the  summer 
season. 

The  Mandfacture  of  Hair  Cloth. — There 
is  no  such  thing  as  hair  cloth — pure  and  sim- 
ple— as  the  warp  is  always  of  some  other  ma- 
terial, cotton  or  linen  as  the  case  may  require, 
dyed  black  or  such  color  aa  is  wanted,  and 
sized  in  the  usual  way.  The  looms  used  are 
ordinary  hand  looms.  The  hair  is  kept  in 
water  previous  to  its  being  woven  iu  order  to 
preserve  its  elasticity.  The  hairs  are  caught 
by  a  hook  on  the  shuttles  and  woven  one  at  a 
time.  After  leaving  the  looms,  the  goods  are 
not  calendared  in  order  to  give  them  that  ohar- 
aoteristic  luster. 

Wheel  and  Axle, — The  reason  why  car 
wheels  are  made  to  revolve  with  the  axle  and 
not  on  it  is  that  the  leverage  of  the  wheels  over 
the  bearings  is  leas  when  the  wheels  are  se- 
cured to  the  axles;  moreover,  this  construc- 
tion ia  better  calculated  to  withstand  lateral 
\  thrusts. 


Mining  AND  Scientific  Press. 


[Mat  3,  1890 


A.  T.  DEWEY,  W.  B.  EWER. 

DEWEY  &  CO.,  Publishers. 


Offke,  220  Market  St.,  N.  K cor. Front  St.,  S.  F, 

tW  Take  the  Elevator,  No.  IS  Front  S(."Hi 


W.  E.  EWER Senior  Editor 


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Address  all  literary  and  business  correspondence 
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SAN    FRANCISCO: 

Saturday,  May  3,    1890. 


TABLE  OF  CONTENTS. 


ILLUSTRATIONS.— Sketch  of  Lake  Nicarasjua 
from  Fort  San  Carlos;  The  Transept,  Kaibab  D  vision 
Grand  Canyon  of  th*' Co  orado — An  Ampbitbeater  of 
the  Second  Order,  295.  Fig.  1.— Undprground  Sec- 
tion of  New  Almaden  Mine,  Santa  Clara  County,  Cal.; 
Fig.  2.— East  und  West  Vertical  Sections,  Mew  Alma- 
den Mine,  803. 

EniTORI  A  I  .rt.  —  Lake  Nicaragua,  295.  Passing 
Events;  Urand  Canyon  of  the  Colorado;  The  Advance 
in  Silver;  Eighi  Hours  of  Labor;  Duping  Inventors, 
302.    Quic- silver  Mines,  303. 

OOrtHB^^fONDENCllJ.— Toe  Mines  of  Old  Tuol- 
umne; Kern  Countv  Mines;  The  Deep  Gold  Placers  of 
California,  296-297. 

ME0HAN1OA.1-.  PROGRESS.  —  Recent  and 
Needed  Patent  Improvements;  The  Hammer's  Many 
Crimep;  The  Colors  m  Tempering  Iron;  E^ect  of  Strees 
in  Steel,  300. 

SCIENTIFIC  PROGRBSS.—The  Refioements  of 
Modern  Measu'ements  and  Manipulations;  Diupeisine 
Fogs;  Effect  of  Heat  on  Metal  and  Stone;  Air  and 
Burning  C"al;  A  Mushroom  Myth;  Mesmerism— Hyp- 
notism, 300-301. 

GOOD  HBAl-.Tfl.  —  Food  and  Health;  Blindness 
from  Infantile  Neglect;  Nuts  as  Food,  301. 

USEFUL  INFORMATION.-Splitting  a  Grind- 
fitine;  How  to  Sharpen  a  Razor;  Tests  tor  Underwear; 
The  Manufacture  of  Hair  Cloth;  Wheel  and  Axle,  301. 

MINING  SUMIVIARY— From  Che  various  countiee 
of  CaUfornia,  Nevada,  Arizona,  Colorado,  Idaho,  Mon- 
tana, New  Mexico.  Oregon,  Utah,  Wyoming,^98-299. 

MINING  STOCK  MARKET.— Sales  at  the  San 
Francisco  Stocb  Board,  Notices  of  Meetings.  Aseess- 
tnento.  Dividends,  and  Bullion  Shipments.  306- 

MARKET  REPORTS.— Local  Markets,  Eastern 
Metal  Markets,  306. 


Business  Announcements. 

[NBW  THIS  ISaUB.] 
Steam  Pumps,  Etc.— A.  L.  Fish. 
Dividend  Notice— Pacific  Borax,  S*lt  and  Soda  Co. 
The  American  Barrel  Process— A.  B.  Paul. 

t&'See  Advertising  Columns. 


Passing   Events. 

The  news  of  the  strike  in  the  1700  foot  level 
of  the  Idaho  mine  at  Grasa  VaUey,  though 
weloome,  wiU  scarcely  Burpriae  those  famUiar 
with  this  famous  miae,  whloh  this  week  de' 
dared  its  244th  dividend.  This  is  the  most 
promising  gold  mine  in  the  State. 

Trouble  has  been  expected  in  the  Old  World 
and  in  the  East  on  May  Ist,  Labor  D.iy,  over 
the  adoption  of  the  eight-hour  rule.  We  go  to 
press  too  early  to  state  whether  these  fears 
have  been  realized  or  not.  Locally,  however, 
there  has  been  no  trouble.  The  oarpentera 
have  oarried  their  point  without  active  oppo- 
aition  and  other  tradea  are  expected  to  follow. 

The  advance  in  silver  makes  it  within  the 
poBsibiUtles  that  many  closed-down  mines  on 
this  coast  will  resume  operations  shortly.  Even 
with  a  slight  recession  in  price  many  of  them 
Qould  now  go  on  with  profit.  The  discount  is 
still  large,  but  nothing  at  all  to  what  it  has 
been. 

There  is  little  or  no  change  in  the  situation 
as  regards  the  local  molders'  strike.  It  is 
thought  that  the  foundry  strike  in  Chicago, 
however^  may  have  aome  effect  on  affairs  here. 


Mining  CoMrANY's  Books. — W.  W.  Hickies, 
president  of  the  Ithaca  Gold  and  Silver  Min- 
ing Company,  who  several  weeka  ago  was  con* 
Tioted  by  a  jary  in  Judge  Rix'a  court  of  misde- 
meanor, in  refusing  to  permit  aome  of  the 
stockholders  to  examine  the  company's  books, 
has  been  fined  $500,  with  the  usual  alternative 
cf  imptlBoament. 


Duping  Inventors. 

A  caae  is  on  trial  in  this  city  where  a  man 
calling  himself  a  "  patent  agent "  ia  accused  of 
using  the  maila  for  improper  purposes  and 
swindling  inventors. 

Two  or  three  men  went  into  a  partnership 
under  a  high-sounding  name,  with  the  ostensi- 
ble buaineas  of  aelling  patents  on  commission. 
Their  method  of  operation  was  to  take  each 
week  the  names  of  patentees  from  the  Official 
Gazette  of  the  U.  S.  Patent  Office,  aend  them 
a  circular  and  offer  to  sell  the  patent-right  for 
the  Pacific  Coast  for  them. 

Shortly  after  they  would  write  and  say  (or 
intimate)  that  a  purchaser  has  been  found, 
but  that  it  would  be  neceasary  to  have  $18  or 
$20  to  search  the  title,  etc.  If  the  money  waa 
forwarded,  as  it  often  waa,  the  inventor  could 
never  get  any  further  word  from  theae  ao-oalled 
"patent  agents." 

This  ooncem  was  started  aa  far  back  as  1SS6, 
and  although  there  have  been  many  complaints, 
the  men  have  usually  been  able  to  get  clear  and 
continue  their  nefarious  work. 

The  testimony  in  this  case  ia  to  the  effect 
that  in  the  four  years  in  which  they  were  in 
buaineas  they  had  only  sold  three  patents  and 
could  not  even  recall  what  they  were.  Oae 
of  the  employes  testified  that  not  a  single  cna- 
tomer  was  ever  seen  to  enter  the  office  to  In- 
quire about  a  patent  or  examine  a  model.  The 
whole  business  oonaisted  in  writing  letters  to 
those  who  desired  to  sell. 

No  books  or  records  were  kept  of  any  trana- 
actiouB.  Not  a  single  letter  could  be  shown 
from  the  authorities  at  Washington  in  relation 
to  patents.  It  could  not  be  shown  that  a  sin- 
gle search  had  ever  been  made  of  the  titles  of 
any  patent  whatever. 

In  the  circulars  it  waa  stated  that  each  pat- 
ent for  sale  would  be  advertised  in  100  news- 
papers, but  this  man  could  not  give  the  name 
of  a  single  paper  in  which  any  advertisement  of 
the  kind  had  appeared.  Nor  could  he  remem- 
ber the  name  of  more  than  one  person,  a  resi- 
dent of  this  city,  who  had  ever  called  at  hie  office 
on  buainesa  oonneoted  with  the  purchase  of  a 
patent. 

It  was  also  shown  that  one  of  the  employes 
had  been  asked  to  pose  as  a  capitalist  desirous 
of  buyiog  patents,  he  being  assured  that  the 
victims  were  generally  poor  and  not  liable  to 
go  to  the  expense  of  prosecution. 

It  is  outrageous  that  snch  an  institution  as 
this  could  have  continued  busineas  aa  long  as  it 
has  without  its  projectors  being  taken  by  the 
strong  arm  of  the  law.  Such  men  are  the 
worst  kind  of  swindlers,  taking  as  they  do  the 
money  from  poor  but  confiding  inventors. 
People  who  intrust  their  patent  business  to 
others  should  inquire  carefully  as  to  the  stand- 
ing of  the  firm  before  doing  so. 

The  Advance  in  Silver. 

The  steady  advance  in  the  price  of  silver  is 
of  the  greatest  importance  to  the  silver  miners, 
and  they  greatly  rejoice.  The  white  metal  has 
been  depressed  in  commercial  value  for  a  long 
time,  reaulting  in  the  closing  down  of  hun- 
dreds of  minea  on  this  coast  and  also  great  loes 
to  many  working  minea.  The  diacount  has 
been  so  heavy  that  low-grade  mines  had  no 
chance  for  any  profit  at  all.  The  big  silver 
minea,  producing  largely,  have  severely  felt 
the  effects  also.  Now,  however,  that  it  has 
gone  above  the  dollar  mark  once  more,  many 
minea  will  doubtless  resume  operations. 

To  the  State  of  Nevada,  in  particular,  this 
increase  in  the  value  of  silver  is  of  the  greatest 
possible  Interest.  Mining  matters  there  have 
been  dull  for  a  long  time.  Colonel  S.  Wenban, 
a  prominent  Nevada  silver  miner,  says  :  "  This 
audden  riae  in  silver  is  giving  a  great  impetus 
to  the  mining  business,  especially  in  Nevada. 
The  boom  has  struck  na  in  earneat,  and  there 
will  be  a  general  increase  in  the  product  of 
every  silver  mine  in  Nevada  and  California. 
To-day  silver  reached  105.  If  it  goes  up  to  110 
the  result  will  be  that  the  mining  interests  of 
this  coast  will  be  doubled  at  least.  It  will  make 
a  boom  that  will  mark  a  new  era  on  the  coast 
and  create  a  better  feeling  in  all  circles  of  busi- 
neas. There  are  lots  of  minea  in  both  Nevada 
and  California  that  are  lying  idle  simply  be- 
cause the  owners  cannot  obtain  the  necessary 
capital  to  work  them.  But  the  outlook  now 
it  excellent.  Things  are  brightening  up,  and 
I  expect  to  see  the  biggest  mining  time  ever 
seen  on  the  Pacifio  Coast," 


Eight  Hours  of  Labor. 

Thursday,  May  lat,  was  the  day  set  under  a 
general  plan  by  the  labor  unions  of  America 
and  Europe  to  inaugurate  the  eight-hour  sys- 
tem of  labor.  In  Italy,  Germany  and  Austria, 
troops  have  been  held  in  readiness  to  suppress 
disturbances.  In  the  cities  of  London,  Paris, 
Vienna  and  Glasgow,  labor  demonstration s 
have  been  kept  in  check  by  the  authorities. 
In  this  country,  although  there  are  prevailing 
strikes  of  more  or  less  magnitude  iu  Chicago, 
Boston,  Philadelphia  and  San  Franolaco,  there 
has  been  no  trouble  and  none  of  a  violent  char- 
acter ia  anticipated. 

In  the  United  States  the  building  trades  are 
to  inaugurate  the  system,  when  others  will  fol- 
low. With  us  in  San  Francisco  and  Oakland 
the  eight  hour  demands  of  the  carpenters, 
plumbers,  lathers  and  gasfitters  have  been 
conceded  by  the  contractors  without  any 
contest. 

The  iron  trades  on  this  coast,  including 
moldera,  patternmakers,  machinists  and  boiler- 
makers,  are  prepared  to  exact  an  eight-hour 
workday  when  their  Eastern  brethren  fix  a 
date.  The  National  League  Conventions  of 
the  various  branches  of  the  iron  trades  will  be 
held  within  the  next  six  weeka,  Eich  will  fix 
the  date  when  its  members  shall  exact  the  en- 
forcement of  the  eight-hour  ayetem. 

The  men  employed  in  the  planing-milla  on 
doors  and  blinds  will  make  their  demand  for 
an  eight  hour  day  on  July  Ist.  The  painters 
and  decorators  have  set  their  day  for  June  Ist, 
and  the  atair*builders  will  soon  follow. 

Th*e  United  Brotherhood  of  Carpenters  and 
Joinere  was  aelected  to  make  the  first  move  In 
obtaioing  the  short  day  in  the  United  States. 
The  memberehip  of  this  organization  is  65.000. 
Many  other  trades  have  joined  this  body  to  at- 
tain the  aame  object. 

It  is  natural  to  suppose  that  unless  these  de- 
mands are  conceded,  there  will  follow  a  great- 
er strike  than  has  been  known  before.  Already 
contractors  here,  in  order  to  protect  themselves 
against  the  emergency  of  a  general  strike,  iu- 
siat  upon  a  "  strike  clause  "  in  their  contracts, 
prcviding  for  an  extenaion  of  time. 

A  manifesto  issued  by  the  American  Federa- 
tion of  Libor  orders  all  labor  unions  outside 
the  building  tradea  to  refrain  from  sympa- 
thetic strikes  for  the  present,  letting  the  first 
test  fall  upon  the  bnilding  trades.  In  the  large 
cities  of  this  coast  the  men  carried  their  point 
without  active  protest,  and  there  has  been  no 
trouble  whatever. 


Mechanics'  Fair  Postponed, — The  Trus- 
tees of  the  Mechanics'  Institute  have  Issued  the 
following  statement :  The  Board  of  Trustees  of 
the  Mechanics'  Institute  beg  to  announce  to 
their  many  patrons  and  exhibitors  that,  in 
compliance  with  the  reqaest  of  the  Society  of 
Pioneers,  the  Native  Sons  of  the  Golden  West 
and  many  of  our  moat  prominent  citizena,  we 
have  granted  them  the  use  of  the  Exposition 
building  on  the  Sth,  9bh  and  lObb  of  September 
for  the  purpose  of  celebrating  the  fortieth  anni- 
versary of  the  admission  of  California  Into  the 
Union.  This  necessitates  a  postponement  of 
the  opening  of  our  annual  fair,  and  the  Board  of 
Trustees  have  decided  to  open  the  Twenty-fifth 
Industrial  Exposition  on  Thursday,  September 
ISCh,  and  close  Saturday,  October  25th,  The 
machinery  department  will  be  open  for  the  re- 
ception of  goods  on  and  after  Sept.  lat  and  the 
main  bnilding  on  and  after  Sept,  12th. 


The  Stewart  Mining  Bill. — Mr.  A.  C. 
L^.gbt  of  Taylorville,  Plumaa  Co.,  writes  us  aa 
follows:  "  I  am  entirely  opposed  to  having  our 
mining  law  changed  from  January  lat  to  the  lat 
of  October  or  to  any  other  day.  No  matter 
what  the  date  may  be,  the  miner  has  jaat  aa 
many  clear  days  to  work  out  hia  assessment 
during  twelve  months.  On  the  whole,  Mr. 
Stewart's  proposed  amendment  will  do  more 
harm  than  good,  not  only  to  the  miner,  but  to 
all  other  classes.  To  use  a  common  phraae,  I 
think  Mr.  Stewart  *don't  know  beans.*  " 


Up  at  Spokane  Falls  they  are  talking  of  mak* 
ing  a  magnificent  mineral  palace,  similar  to 
that  at  Paeblo,  Col.  The  structure  will  be 
used  as  an  exhibition  building  for  the  various 
mineral  and  other  products  of  the  great  North- 
west and  will  be  built  entirely  of  galena  and 
other  ores  taken  from  mining  oampa  tributary 
to  Spokame  Falls, 


Grand  Canyon  of  tlie  Colorado. 

NUMBER    IV. 

Wherever  we  reach  the  Grand  Canyon  on  the 
Kaibab  division,  it  bursts  upon  the  vision  in  a 
moment.  In  the  Kaibab  the  forest  reaches  to 
the  sharp  edge  of  the  cliff,  and  the  pine  trees 
shed  their  cones  into  the  fathomless  depths  be- 
low. The  ecenery  of  the  amphitheaters  far 
surpasses  in  grandeur  and  nobility  anything 
else  of  the  kind  in  any  other  region,  but  it  is 
mere  by-play  in  comparison  with  the  panorama 
displayed  in  the  heart  of  the  canyon.  The  su- 
preme views  are  to  be  obtained  at  the  extremities 
of  the  long  promontories  which  jut  out  batween 
these  recesses  far  into  the  gulf. 

In  these  amphitheaters,  one  cannot  fail  to  be 
much  impressed  with  the  intricate  and  yet  sys- 
tematic manner  in  which  the  ground  plan  of  the 
walls  is  laid  out.  Great  alcoves  and  cuspa  are 
formed,  and  wherever  the  wall  makes  a  turn,  it 
is  by  a  well-ronnded  inward  curve  or  by  a  sharp 
ousp'like  pro  j  action.  The  architectural  details 
are  always  striking,  and  by  their  profoeion  and 
richness  suggest  an  oriental  character. 

In  Mr,  Datton's  description  of  the  scenery  in 
the  Kaibab,  he  says:  Cfossing  the  park,  and 
ascending  the  bights  upon  the  east,  we  once 
more  descend  into  a  rather  deep  ravine  of  the 
usual  type.  Upon  its  bank  the  trail  passes  by 
a  small  trickling  fountain,  known  as  Thomp- 
son's spring.  A  basin  has  been  dag  and  made 
water-tight  to  save  the  acanty  anpply  of  water. 
The  water  is  excellent  and  this  is  an  important 
camping-place. 

From  this  point  we  may  visit  many  interest- 
ing localities.  Following  downward  the  main 
ravine  about  five  milee,  we  find  it  at  length  be- 
traying evidence  that  it  is  near  the  brink  of 
some  amphitheater.  Climbing  the  steep  bank 
to  the  main  platform,  300  feet  above,  we  move 
toward  the  southwest,  and  in  half  an  hour 
more  are  upon  the  verge  of  one  of  the  finest  and 
perhaps  the  most  picturesqtie  of  the  gorges  of 
the  whole  Kaibab  forest.  It  is  a  tributary  of 
the  Bright  Angel  amphitheater,  and  has 
been  called  by  us  *' The  Transept"  (^ee  en* 
graving).  Though  only  of  the  second  or  third 
order  of  magnitude  among  the  lateral  excava- 
tions of  the  Grand  Canyon,  it  is  far  grander 
than  the  Yosnmite.  At  the  very  head  of  this 
gorge  the  walls  plunge  downward  at  once  more 
than  .3000  feet. 

As  the  gorge  deepens  toward  its  junction 
with  the  main  amphitheater,  the  aspect  of  the 
lateral  walls,  as  they  recede  from  us,  becomes 
moat  impoeing.  The  details  of  their  sculpture 
are  very  beautiful  and  thoroughly  systematic, 
and  every  characteristic  Is  sustained  throughout 
their  whole  extent.  The  entire  length  of  the 
chamber  is  seen  in  perspective.  Bayond  its 
opening  we  see  the  grandeur  of  the  central  can- 
yon with  butte  beyond  butte,  and  the  vast 
southern  wall  of  the  main  ohasm  in  the  back- 
ground 15  miles  away.  To  many  spec- 
tators the  dominant  thought  here  might  be  that 
thia  stupendous  work  has  been  accomplished 
by  aome  intelligence  akin  to  the  human  rather 
than  by  the  blind  forces  of  Nature.  E  eery- 
thing  is  apparently  planned  and  out  with  as 
much  definiteness  as  a  rock  temple  of  Petraea 
or  EUore. 


Lead  Ores.  —  Assistant  Secretary  of  the 
Treasury  Tichenor  haa  informed  the  United 
States  Oonanl  at  Paso  del  Norte,  Mexico, 
that  in  case  of  ores  composed  of  silver,  gold 
and  lead,  where  the  silver  and  gold  together 
are  of  chief  value,  the  ore  would  not  be  duti- 
able; but  where  the  lead  Is^  more  valuable 
than  either  of  the  others  separately,  the  ore 
would  be  dutiable  under  the  provision  of  the 
law  for  lead  ores.  The  term  "chief  value" 
of  an  article  or  substance  composed  of  three 
materials  means  greater  than  either  of  the 
others  and  not  greater  than  their  aggregate. 

The  Regan  Vapor  Engine  Co.  of  this  city 
have  recently  elected  Liney  N.  Smith  presi- 
dent in  place  of  Francis  Catting.  In  this  en- 
gine the  carburetor  contains  a  small  quantity 
of  gasoline.  At  each  revolution  of  the  fly- 
wheel, a  current  of  cool  air  is  driven  through 
the  carburetor  and  into  the  cylinder.  In  passing 
through  the  carburetor  it  vaporizes  a  quantity 
of  gasoline,  and  the  vapor  is  ignited  by  an  elec- 
tric apark,  developing  the  power.  The  en- 
gines are  -  useful  for  many  things,  and  espe- 
cially BO  for  small  steam  launches. 

They  are  talking  of  building  an  iron  pier  out 
Into  the  ocean  from  Coronado  Beach. 


May  3,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


303 


Quicksilver  Mines. 

Mode  of  OccurreDoe  of  the  Oro. 
The  New  Almadeo,  Eoriqaita  and  Otitdalape 
mioee  He  nearly  Booth  of  San  Jose,  Saatii  Clara 
couDty.  io  thia  State.  The  district  bu  been 
mDch  more  prodaotive  of  qoicksilver  than  any 
other  in  North  America,  and  liDce  1850  has 
yielded  about  four-fiftba  as  much  metal   as  the 


deposita  themselves  are  o(  various  types.  The 
oommoDeat  ia  the  reticulated  masf,  ooDaiatiog  of 
irregular  bodies  of  broken  rock  into  whioh 
aolatioDs  of  oinoabir  aud  gargae  minerals  have 
tiltered,  oementing  the  fragments  together  with 
ore.  Where  the  disturbance  has  been  less  ex- 
tensive and  irregular,  olean-ont  tiisnrea  may 
sometimes  be  seen  tilled  with  ore,  and  these 
can  only  be  olasaed  as  veins   though  they  are 


been  surveyed  with  the  utmost  oare  by  the  offi- 
cers of  the  (^MioksllTer  Mining  Cj.,  and  data 
exist  for  the  coDstruotion  of  any  desired  sec- 
tions. Two  sections,  hero  reprodnced,  show 
the  strucCores. 

Fig.  1  shows  a  section  taken  along  the  course 
of  the  south  group  of  bonanzas.  The  line  on 
which  the  section  is  made  was  selected  with  a 
view  of  illastrating  the  oontinnlty  of  ore  from 


nels,  bfccanse  the  tenacity  implied  in  the  move- 
ment of  the  entire  hanging  country  without 
fracture  would  be  improbably  great  even  were 
the  rock  much  firmer  than  the  materials  of 
which  the  Ooast  Ranges  are  ohieBy  composed. 
Such  a  fissure  intersecting  the  banging  country 
really  (xistv,  and  a  trace  of  it  may  be  per- 
ceived on  this  section  from  the  ISOOfoot  level 
downward,  where  the  slopes  show  that  the  ore 


Pig.     1. -UNDERGROUND    SECTION    OF    NEW    ALMADEN    MINE,    SANTA    CLARA    COUNTY     CAL. 


Almaden  of  Spain.  The  general  geology  of  the 
district  presents  one  special  feature  of  geologic 
interest  in  the  occurrence  of  rhyolite,  a  lava 
not  yet  recognizsd  at  any  other  point  on  the 
Coast  Range,  Otherwise  the  geology  presents 
no  novelty.  The  great  opportunity  which  the 
district  offers  is  for  the  study  of  atraoture  die- 


not  persistent.  Impregnations  also  exist  where 
the  ore-bearing  solutions  hard  encountered  per- 
meable sandstones. 

From  any  one  acoesaible  atope  of  the  New 
Almaden  mine  it  is  evident  that  the  country 
has  been  intersected  by  fissures,  that  energetic 
motion   has  taken  place  along  these  fissures, 


the  surface  at  the  top  of  Mine  Hill  to  the 
lowest  workings.  The  group  of  ore  bodies 
thus  intersected  is  for  the  most  part  distinct 
from  that  to  the  east  of  the  Randol  shaft.  It 
is  manifest  from  this  section  that  a  fissure  ex- 
tends from  the  lower  workings  to  the  top  of  Mine 
Hill,  a  vertical  distance  of  about  2000  feet,  and 


closed  by  the  very  excensive  underground  work- 
ings of  the  New  Almaden  mine,  which  measure 
over  40  miles  in  length. 

Away  from  the  Pacific  Slope,  the  United 
States  poBseeses  no  known  deposits  of  cinnabar. 
In  fact,  aside  from  the  Almaden  mine  in  Spain, 
and  the  New  Idria  in  Austria,  there  are  few 
districtsin  the  world  besides  those  of  C&Iifornia 
in  which  mercurial  ores  are  met  with  in  such 
bbaudance  as  to  be  of  great  commercial  im- 
portance. JNsarly  every  mineral  association 
and  mode  of  occurrence  known  to  exist  else- 
where is  repeated  in  California  and  Nevada,  so 
that  the  mercurial  deposits  of  the  Pacific  Slope 
admirably  represent  those  of  the  world  so  far 
as  known. 

The  Naw  Almaden  is  the  most  important 
quicksilver  mine  in  the  United  States  and  has 
always  been  the  greatest  producer.  In  Mono- 
graph XII  of  the  U.  S.  Geological  Survey, 
*'  Gaology  of  the  Qaioksilver  Daposita  of  the 
Pacific  Slope,"  by  Geo.  F.  Becker,  considerable 
space  is  devoted  to  consideration  of  the  struct- 
ure of  this  mine.  Prof.  Becker's  concluBions 
with  reference  to  the  ore  bodies  in  the  mine 
are  of  great  interest.  Some  of  his  statements 
in  this  connection  are  here  given. 

While  the  evidence  of  the  existence  of  a  fis- 
sure system  is,  if  possible,  more  abundant  in 
the  New  Almaden  mine  than  in  most  other 
quiokailver   deposits  of  the   Pacific  Slope,  the 


Fig.    2.— BAST    AND    WEST    VERTICAL    SECTION,    NEW    ALMADEN    MINE. 


that  the  adjoining  rock  masses  have  been  shat- 
tered more  or  less  irregularly,  and  that  solu- 
tions entering  the  ground  have  deposited  ore 
in  such  spaces  as  were  vacant.  It  is  also  ap- 
parent from  the  relations  of  the  ore  to  the  clay 
that  the  solutions  have  entered  from  below,  and 
it  is  almost  a  necessary  inference  that  the 
fissures  served  as  channels  of  ingress  for  the  so- 
lutions. These  conclusions  may  be  drawn  in 
each  of  as  many  chambers  as  the  observer  can 
reach,  and  he  will  find  nothing  to  confiiot  with 
them  in  any  portion  of  the  mine. 
The  surface  and  workings  of  the  mine  have 


that  the  ore  has  been  deposited  almost  con- 
tinuously along  its  entire  course.  This  fissure 
is  remarkably  sinuous  in  vortical  section,  and 
a  long  tongue  of  ground  north  of  Mine  Hill  has 
manifestly  moved  northward  sufiBciently  to 
leave  space  for  the  deposition  of  the  ore. 

If  one  considers  the  character  of  the  disturb- 
ance to  which  the  fisBure  mast  owe  its  origin,  it 
appears  almost  oertjin  that  this  tongue  of 
country  rook  overlying  the  fissure  cannot  have 
remained  intact.  One  would  expect  to  find  one 
or  more  fissures  intersecting  it  in  a  direction 
more  nearly  vertical  than  the  south  ore-ohan- 


ocours  on  parallel  lines.  The  line  of  the  norther- 
ly stopes  in  this  region,  if  continued  upward, 
would  reach  the  surface  near  the  point  at 
which  the  Rindol  shaft  appears  projected. 

Another  view  of  the  two  fissures  is  shown  in 
Fig.  2,  where  they  are  intersected  by  an  east  and 
west  vertical  plane.  To  the  right  appears  the 
south  ore-channel,  including  the  O'Brien,  Don 
Frederioo  and  other  bodies  ;  to  the  left  la  the 
north  fissure. 

The  existence  and  position  of  the  two  fissures 
are  not  so  evident  and  clear  as  would  appear 
from  the  foregoing  notes.  The  ore  bodies  lie 
upon  complex  curved  surfaces.  The  result  is 
that  no  vertical  plane  intersects  both  fissures  at 
right  angles  throughout,  and  no  single  section 
affords  indubitable  evidence  of  two  fissures. 
Views  similar  to  what  is  shown  in  the  section 
might  he  given  along  a  single  doubly-curved 
surface.  Could  one  but  represent  the  fissures 
by  contours,  the  entire  structure  would  be 
shown  in  three  dimensions  and  would  not  be 
ambiguous.  The  fissures  are  marked  by  clay 
seams  or  altas. 

Between  the  two  principal  fissures  a  wedge 
of  country  rock  exists.  It  is  not  uncommon 
for  great  masses  of  this  description  to  be  in- 
closed on  both  sides  by  ore-bearing  fissures. 
Such  was  the  case  in  the  Comstock  and  also  In 
the  Ruby  Hill  mines  at  Eureka,  Nev.  Ground 
thus  inclosed  is  seldom  solid,  and  subsidiary 
fissures  leading  into  it  are  often  ore-bearing. 
In  the  New  Almaden  mine  the  ore  is  not  con- 
fined to  well-defined  fissures.  It  ia  true  that 
ore  can  he  followed  from  the  top  of  Mine  Hill 
downward  to  a  depth  of  1600  feet  practically 
without  a  break  ;  but  the  seotions  show  that  at 
many  points  the  fissures  are  systems  of  associ- 
ated openings  rather  than  simple  ruptures.  The 
wedge  of  ground  between  the  principal  fissures 
is  not  a  solid  mass,  and  subordinate  fissures 
and  ore-channels  exist  in  It. 


The  Fox  Platform  and  Coupling  Co.  has  ap- 
plied to  the  Superior  Court  for  permission  to 
dissolve  the  corporation  in  pursuance  of  a  res- 
olution adopted  by  the  stockholders. 

The  southern  mining  districts  along  the  Oar- 
son  &  Colorado  R.  R.  are  all  exhibiting  oon- 
siderable  activity.  Interest  is  principally  oen- 
tered  on  Carro  Gordo  and  Sylvania, 


The  statue  of  James  W.  Marshall,  the  dis- 
coverer of  gold  in  California,  is  to  be  unveiled 
on  Saturday,  May  3d,  at  Coloma. 

Nickel  Oge  is  to  be  placed  on  the  free  list. 


304 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[May  3,  1890 


Dewey  &  Co.,  American  and 
Foreign  Patent  Agents. 

PATENTS  ootained  promptly;  Caveat  file'J 
expeditiously;  Patent  Reissues  taken  out: 
A  ssignments  made  and  recorded  i  a  legal  form  j 
Copies  of  Patents  and  Assignments  procu;ed; 
Examinations  of  Patents  made  here  ani  at 
WasMngton;  Examinations  made  of  Assign- 
ments recorded  in  Washington;  EsaminatioDs 
ordered  and  reported  by  Telegraph;  Kojected 
cases  taken  ujT  and  Patents  obtained;  Inter- 
ferences Prosecuted;  Opinions  rendered  re- 
garding the  validity  of  Patents  and  Assign- 
ments; Every  legitimate  branch  of  Patent 
Soliciting  promptly  and  thoroughly  con- 
ducted. 

Our  intimate  knowledge  of  the  various  inven- 
tions of  this  coast,  and  long  practice  in  paten- 
business,  enable  us  to  abundantly  satisfy „our 
patrons;  and  our  success  and  business  are 
constantly  increasing. 

The  shrevrdest  and  most  experienced  Inventors 
are  found  among  our  most  steadfast  friends 
and  patrons,  who  fully  appreciate  our  advan 
tages  in  bringing  valuable  inventions  to  the 
notice  of  the  public  through  the  columns  of 
our  widely  circulated,  first-class  journals — 
thereby  facilitating  their  introduction,  sale 
and  popularity. 

Foreign  Patents. 

In  addition  to  American  Patents,  we  secure 
with  the  assistance  of  co-operative  agents, 
claims  in  all  foreign  countries  which  grant 
Patents,  including  Great  Britain,  France, 
Belgium,  Prussia,  Austria,  Baden,  Peru, 
Russia,  Spain,  British  India,  Saxony,  British 
Columbia,  Canada,  Noirway,  Sweden,  Mexico, 
Victoria,  Brazil,  Bavaria,  Holland,  Denmark, 
Italy,  Portugal,  Cuba,  Roman  States, 
Wurtemburg,  New  Zealand^  New  Soutli 
Wales,  Queensland,  Tasmania,  Brazil,  NeTv 
Granada,  Chile,  Argentine  Republic,  AND 
EVERY  COUNTRY  IN  THE  WORLD 
where  ii'atents  are  obtainable. 

No  models  are  required  in  European  countries, 
but  tne  drawings  and  specifications  should  be 
prepared  with  thoroughness,  by  able  persons 
who  are  familiar  with  the  requirements  and 
changes  of  foreign  patent  laws — agents  who 
are  reliable  and  thoroughly  established. 

Our  schedule  price  for  obtaining  foreign  patents, 
in  all  cases,  will  always  be  as  low,  and  in 
some  instances  lower,  than  those  of  any  other 
responsible  agency. 

We  can  and  do  get  foreign  patents  for  inventors 
in  the  Pacific  States  from  two  to  six  months 
(according  to  the  location  o^  the  country) 
sooiTER  than  other  agents. 

The  principal  portion  of  the  patent  business  ol 
this  coast  has  been  done,  and  is  still  being 
done,  through  our  agency.  We  are  famili.M 
with,  and  have  full  records,  of  all  lormeT 
cases,  and  can  more  correctly  judge  of  the 
value  and  patentability  of  moat  inventions  dis- 
covered here  than  any  other  agents. 

Situated  so  remote  from  the  seat  of  Government, 
delays  are  even  more  dangerous  to  the  invent- 
ors of  the  Pacific  Coast  than  to  applicants  ic 
the  Eastern  States.  Valuable  patents  may  be 
lost  by  extra  time  consumed  in  transmitting 
specifications  from  Eastern  agencies  back  to 
this  coast  for  the  signature  of  the  inventor. 

Confidential. 

We  take  great  pains  to  preserve  secrecy  in 
all  confidential  matters,  and  applicants  for 
patents  can  rest  assured  that  their  communi- 
cations and  business  transactions  will  be  held 
strictly  confidential  by  us.  Circulars  of  in- 
formation to  inventors,  free. 

Home  Counsel. 

Our  long  experience  in  obtaining  patents  for 
Inventors  on  this  Coast  has  familiarized  us 
W'  th  the  character  of  most  of  the  inventiona 
already  patented;  hence  we  are  frequently 
able  to  save  our  patrons  the  cost  of  a  fruitless 
application  by  pointing  to  them  the  same 
thing  already  covered  by  a  patent.  We  are 
always  free  to  advise  applicants  of  any 
knowledge  we  have  of  previous  applicants 
which  will  interfere  with  their  obtaining  a 
patent. 

We  invite  the  acquaintance  of  all  parties  con- 
nected with  inventions  and  patent  right  bus: ' 
ness,  believing  that  the  mutual  conference  oi 
legitimate  business  and  professional  men  is 
mutual  gain.  Parties  in  doubt  in  regard  to 
their  rights  as  assignees  of  patents  or  pur- 
chasers of  patented  articles,  can  often  receive 
advice  of  importance  to  them  from  a  short  call 
at  our  office. 

Remittances  of  money,  made  by  individual  in- 
ventors to  the  Government,  sometimes  niis- 
cariy,  and  it  has  repeatedly  happened  that 
appUcants  have  not  only  lost  their  money,  but 
their  inventions  also,  from  this  cause  and  con- 
sequent delay.  We  hold  ourselves  reaponsib'  b 
for  all  fees  intrusted  to  our  agency. 

Engravings 

We  have  superior  artists  in  our , employ,  and 
all  facilities  for  producing  fine  anS.  'sa'^factory 
]?, lustrations  of  inventions  and  machinery,  ior 
newspaper,  book, circular  and  other  printed  il- 
lustrations, and  are  always  ready  to  assist 
patrons  iu  bringing  their  valuable  discoveriefi 
into  practical  and  profitable  use. 

DEWEY  &  CO., 

United  Scates  and  Foreign  Patent  Agents,  pub- 
lishers Miuiiig  and  Scientific  Press  and  Pacific 
Rural  Press,  220  Market  Street.  Elevator, 
12  Front  St.,  S,  F. 


IWORTHINGTON  STEAM  PUMPS! 

fill  Contract  to  Pump  any  Elevation  at  One  Lift. 

We  are  pumping^through  one  continuous  line  ot  pipe  114  miles  long  against  a  pressure 

equal  to  3500  feet  elevation. 

.       WE  HAVE   MORE  PUMPING   CAPACITY 

SUPP1.TING     AVATER     WOKKS 

Than  all  other  Manufacturers  In  the  United 
States  Combined. 


WE  BUILD  PUMPS  FOR  EVERY  PURPOSE 

FOR  WHICH  PUMPS  ARE  USED, 

And  against  pressures  up  to  8000  pounds  per  square 
inch. 

Send  for  Illustra'  ed  Oacalosue. 


Pacific  Coast  Sales  A  gent, 

NOS.    59   AND   61    FIRST   STREET,    -    -    -    DONAHUE   BUILDINO, 

$s.A.jxr    !•::£*. A-iiTcxisco. 

ALSO  AGENT  FOR  THE 

NATIONAL    WATER     PURIFYING     COMPANY, 

Having  the  largest  Artificial  Plants  iu  the  United  States  in  operation  in  Philadelphia  and  Chattanooga, 
having  cuanged  the  next  best  system,  in  several  instances,  to  the  National.    Any  capacity  guaranteed. 


JOSHUA  HENDY  MACHINE  WORKS, 

Nos.  39  to  51  FREMONT  STREET,  SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 


"HENDY"    IMPBOVBD    "  UHALiIjENGE "    ORB    FEEDER. 
The  test  form  of  Feeder  ever  devised,  and  pronounced  by  reputable  mining  men  to  be  fa 
■    superior  to  any  form  of  "Roller"  Feeder  manufactured.     We  refer  to  the  follow- 
ing gentlemen  who  have  furnished  us  with  testimonial  letters  to  the 
above  effect,  which  can  be  seen  at  our  office,   viz.: 

D.  O.WiCKHAM,  Taylor  Mine,  Greenwood,  Cal. 


CsT.  W".  Crocker,  Supt.  Bunker  Hill  Gold  Min- 
ing Co.,  Amador  City,  Cal. 
W.  G.  Roberts,  Greenwood,  El  Dorado  Co. ,  Cal. 


J.  R.  Tkegloan,  Supt.  South  Spring  Hill  Gold 
Mining  Co.,  Amador  City,  Cal, 


WE   ARE   MANUFACTURERS  OF  THE 


'CHALLENGE,"    STANFORD,"  '  TULLOCK,"  &    ROLLER"  FEEDERS, 

And  will  furnish  descriptive  Catalogues  and  quote  prices  upon  application. 


ADAMANTINE  SHOES  &  DIES 

FOR    STAMP    MILLS. 

These  SHOES  and  DIES  are  in  extensive  use  in  all  the  mining  States  and 
Territories  of  North  and  South  A  merica.  Guaranteed  to  prove  better  and  cheaper 
than  any  others.  Orders  solicited,  subject  to  above 
conditions. 

— M^tNUFACTUHED    BY— 

CHROME  STEEL  WORKS,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 

H.  D.  MOREIS,  Agent, 

320  Fremont  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal 


Special  attention  given  to  the  purchase  of  Mine  and  Mill  Supplies 


VAN   DUZEN'S 

STEAMjetPUMP 

For  MILLS,  FACTORIES,  SHOPS,  ETC. 

For  Elevating  .aud  ConTeylng  Liqaidia. 
For  Emptyinf?  Pits,  Siulcs,  Cesspools,  etc, 

und  a»  a  Fire  Pump. 
3.0  Sizes.  S7toSl75.  Fvery  Pnnajp  warranted. 

.  Write  for  Descriptive  Pump  Circular,  v. 
VAN    DUZEN  &TIFT,  CINCINNATI,  O. 


School  of  Practical.  Civil,  Mechanical  and 
MINING  ENGINEERING, 

SnneTliig,  Arclltectiire,  Drawing  and  Assaying 

723    MARKET    STREET, 

The  History  Building,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

A.  VAN  DER  NAILLEN,  Preeident. 

Aseayiii^  of  Oree,  $26;  BuliioQ  and  Chlormation  Assay, 

§25;  Blowpipe  Assay,  §10.    Pull  course  of  assaying,  850. 

jf^Seud  for  circular. 


Testiiig  and  Working  Silver  Ores 

'     A  VAt-UABtiE  BOOK. 

An  illustpateJ  work  of  114  pag:es,  for  miners  and  proe- 
pectors,  by  Clias.  H.  Aaron.  Mr.  Aaron  has  managed 
to  (five  many  useful  hints  and  suggestions,  free  from 
all  technicalities,  and  in  such  a  style  as  to  be  easily 
comprehended.  It  is  written  for  the  miner,  with  no 
chemicar symbols  or  metallurgical  technicalities  to  con- 
fuse those  who  are  not  chemists  or  metallurgists.  The 
following  summary  of  the  contents  of  the  work  will  give 
an  idea  of  its  scope. 

Under  the  heading  of  the  first  chapter,  "Testing  Ores 
for  Silver,'  we  find  paragraphs  on  ore  formation,  test  for 
silver,  mth  heat  and  water,  acid  or  blow  pipe.  In  speak- 
ing of  testing  for  a  process,  the  extent  and  richness  of 
ore  is  considered,  smelting  ores,  selecting  and  working 
samples,  appliances  for  testing,  roasting,  etc.  Under 
the  head  of  "Working  Ores"  the  author  describes  Aaron's 
process,  has  something  to  say  of  superheated  steam,  pre- 
paration of  dichloridc  of  copper  and  protochloride  of  cop- 
per, use  of  copper  and  iron,  quantity  of  chemicals,  car- 
bonate of  lime,  chloride  ores,  amalgam,  Patchen's  pro- 
cess, etc.  He  also  describes  the  methods  of  working 
roasted  ores,  treatment  of  base  metals,  stirring,  heat'of 
furnace,  want  of  sulphur,  etc.  Under  the  head  ol 
"Leaching^  Processes"  are  the  titles  Smelting,  Mexican 
process,  Chilean  process,  Kroehnke's  process,  etc.  Under 
"Pulverizing  Machines"  are  described  the  arastra  and  its 
construction  and  operation,  stamp  batteries,  screens, 
Crocker's  trip-hammer  battery,  Paul's  pulverizing  barrel, 
Kendall's  battery,  Noice's  pulverizer,  a  cheap  rock 
breaker,  etc. 

In  speaking  of  amalgamators  the  author  describes  a 
cheap  amalgamator,  grinding  the  ore,  directions  formak- 
ing  a  barrel,  preventing  mechanical  wear,  use  of  quick- 
silver, copper  in  bars,  Freiberg  barrel,  cheap  barrel 
trough,  barrel  on  rollers,  Aaron's  amalgamator,  separ- 
ator, etc. 

He  describes  an  improvised  retort,  roasting  furnace, 
furnace  tools  and  furnace  building.  Among  the  miscella- 
neous mention  may  be  found  Aaron's  leachinfj  apparatus, 
with  two  or  three  differenti  arrangements,  a  small  mill, 
sampling  taihngs,  and  settling  tanks,  dichloride  of  cop- 
per, etc.  Mr.  Aaron  is  a  practical  miner,  of  long  working 
experience  on  this  coast. 

Price,  post  free,  S2.00.  Sold  by  Dbwbt  &  Co.,  Publish- 
ers, 220  Market  St. 


THE  ROLLER  ORE  FEEDER 


[Patented  May  28, 1882.] 


Tms  is  the  best  and  cheapest  Ore  Feeder  now  In  use. 

It  has  fewer  parts,  requires  less  power,  is  simpler  in 
adjustment  than  anyotber.  Feeds  coarse  ore  or  soft  clay 
alike  uniformly,  under  one  or  all  the  stamps  in  a  battern 
as  required. 

In  the  Bunker  Hill  Mill  it  has  run  continuously  for  two 
years,  never  having  been  out  of  order  or  costing  a  dollar 
for  repairs. 

Golden  State  and   Miners'  Iron  Works, 

Sole  Manufacturers, 
337  First  Street,  San  Francisco.  C**!. 


GLAnON 

AIR  COMPRESSORS 

For  Working 
Rock    Drills,   Coal   Cutters, 
Hoisting   Engines   and  Water 
Pumps  in  Mines  and  Tunnels, 
Sinking  Caissons,  Etc.,  Etc. 

SEND  FOR  CATALOGUE  No.  6, 

Clayton  Afr  Compressor  Works, 

43  DEY  ST.,  NEW  YORK. 


Practical  Treatise  on   Hydraulic  Mining. 

By  AUG.  J.  BOWIE,  Ja. 

This  new  and  important  book  is  on  the  use  anr*  con- 
struction of  Ditches,  Flumes,  Dams,  Pipes,  Flow  of  Water 
on  Heavy  Grades,  methods  of  mining  shallow  and  deep 
placers,  history  and  development  of  mines,  records  of 
gold  washing,  mechanical  appliances,  such  as  nozzles, 
hurdy-gurdys,  rockers,  undercurrents,  etc.;  also  describes 
methods  of  blasting;  tunnels  and  sluices;  tailings  and 
dump;  duty  of  miners'  inoh,  etc.  A  very  practical  work 
for  gold  miners  and  users  of  water.  Price,  $5,  post-paid 
For  sale  by  Dbwbt  &  Co.,  Publishers,  29o  Market  St.,  San 
FVanoiscn. 


INVENTORS,     TAKE       NOTICE  I 
L.  PETERSON,  MODEL  MAKER, 

258  Market  St.,  N.  K  cor.  Front  (up  stairs),  San    Francslco 
Experimental  machinery  and  all  kinds  of  models.  Tin 
and  brasswork.     All   Gommunications  strictly   confiden- 
tial. 


H/kn4-mnn4'niin  ^^^  requested  to  be  sure  and  notify  us 
rnSllllilSlrirK  ^l^en  this  paper  ifl  not  taken  from 
I.  VUiUlUMiUiU  their  office.  If  not  stopped  promptly 
througb  oTerdgbt  or  other  mlsliap)i  do  ua  the  favor  t" 


May  3,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


306 


Coast  Industrial  Notes. 

Two  oil  oompioiea  of  Ventara  ooonty  are 
pkyiDg  dividends. 

The  Merced  Erpr^u  siys  the  cryiog  want  of 
tbftt  pikoe  is  a  good  djaring-mlll. 

TiiK  wcol  clip  of  Otay  Valley,  San  Diego 
county,  to  date  weif^bed  133,500  poands. 

Local  oapitiltsta  at  Tiooma  have  aecared  a 
pieo«  of  land  for  building  a  large  dry'dook, 

AsuiNOLE  MILL  ftt    Hood  River,  Oregon,  has 

bolts  enough  on  hand  to  cut  7.000,000  shingles. 

National  City,  San    Diego  county,    has  an 

olive  oil  mill  that  will  soon  be  handling  32  tons 

a  day. 

Til  K  miners  about  CoUon  are  trying  to  in* 
duce  some  capitalists  to  erect  reduction  works 
at  that  place. 

TiiK  I'resident  has  signed  the  bill  by  which 
$200,000  la  appropriated  for  the  erection  of  a 
public  building  at  San  Jose. 

TtiK  rise  of  silver  quotations  has  caused  the 
small  mining  claims  to  operate.  Shonld  silver 
rise  to  115,  the  Coanstook  and  surrounding  de 
posits  will  probably  boom. 

Sackamentu  salmon  cancers  have  about  de 
oided  to  close  down,  owing  to  a  strike  among 
the  fishermen  at  MartiD<  z  who  have  demanded 
two  and  one*half  cents  a  p  und  for  fish. 

A  LAiiiiE  scHooNtK  Ipft  L  iB  Comas,  0  epon, 
last  week  with  300,000  ftet  of  lumber  for  8  u 
Lois  Obispo.  Tnie  was  the  firat  deep-wi>cer 
vesstl  that  loaded  at  that  plaoe. 

A  roMPANV  has  been  organized  to  make  com* 
pressed  blocks  of  San  Lais  Oblapo  bituminoua 
rook  for  street  purposes,  and  woiks  are  being 
erected.  Each  block  is  formed  under  a  pres- 
sure of  1 15  tons. 

The  Ventura  county  anpervlsora  have  passed 
an  ordinance  that  compela  owners  of  ditches 
and  fliimea  to  put  wire  screens  at  their  moutha 
to  prevent  fish  from  being  drawn  away  from 
their  native  streams. 

Three  salmon  canneries  on  the  Columbia 
river  are  ranning,  notwithstanding  the  strike. 
Non-union  men  and  ranchers  furnisb  the  fi^h, 
which  are  in  plenty.  The  fish-wheels  at  the 
Cascades  are  doing  well. 

A  VALUABLE  iron  mine  was  recently  diaoov- 
ered  in  the  Capelle  valley  in  Napa  county. 
Preparations  are  being  made  by  parties  inter* 
eated  to  work  the  mine.  The  ore  will  be 
hauled  to  Napa,  then  shipped  to  San  Francisco. 
The  bituminoQB  rock  teamstera  have  formed 
a  union  at  Santa  Giuz,  owing  to  two  companies 
reducing  the  price  per  ton  for  hauling  from  S2 
to  $1  75.  The  teamsters  say  they  will  quit 
work  if  the  original  price  promised  them  1b  not 
given. 

News  was  received  at  North  Yakima,  Wash, 
on  Saturday,  that  enough  bonds  were  sold  in 
~  New  York  to  insure  the  completion  of  the  big 
canal  and  irrigating  works.  The  bonds  were 
guaranteed  by  the  Northern  Pacific  Railroad 
Compsny. 

Two  and  three^fourths  miles  of  jetty  at  the 
mouth  of  the  Columbia  river  have  been  com- 
pleted, leaving  one  mile  and  a  quarter  to  finish 
the  work.  Since  July,  1889,  7580  feet  of  ex- 
teneion  have  been  made,  and  the  amount  of  fill- 
ing has  been  750  tons  of  rook. 

J.  V.  B.  McCnRDY  is  the  patroon  of  Qaeen 
City,  Paradise  Valley,  Nevada.  He  owns  the 
only  house  in  the  place.  It  stands  in  the  cen- 
ter of  a  5000-aore  tract,  which  is  inclosed  with 
a  seventeen-wlre  fence,  rabbit-proof.  Inside 
this  fenoe  roam  some  3000  Angora  goats  headed 
by  thirty  prize  collies. 

Captain  Joseph  Berey,  the  veteran  mill* 
wrigbt,  has  juat  completed  building  a  four- 
stamp  mill  for  Fibber  in  Sixmile  Canyon,  Ndv., 
west  of  the  site  of  the  old  mill.  The  new  mill 
is  operated  by  an  overshot  wheel  33  feet  in  di- 
ameter, with  a  belt  pulley  22  feet  in  diameter. 
The  mill  is  now  crushing  ore  from  Cedar  Hill 
croppinga.  The  mill  has  a  crushing  capacity  of 
eight  tons  in  24  hours. 

A  LARiiE  quantity  of  Amador  county  sand- 
stone is  being  shipped  to  Stockton  to  be  used  in 
a  new  church  there.  The  work  of  filling  a 
large  contract  for  the  mansion  of  young  Crocker 
will  be  commenced  shortly.  The  mansion  is 
intended  to  be  one  of  the  finest  in  San  Fran* 
Cisco.  lone  aandstone  is  now  known  all  over 
the  coast  and  is  classed  as  the  very  finest  of 
building  stone.  It  is  reported  that  a  force  of 
fifty  or  more  men  will  be  employed  at  the 
quarry  during  the  coming  summer. 

A  LARGE  deposit  of  gypBum  is  reported  in 
San  Bernardino  county,  in  the  foothills  east  of 
Graybank  mountain,  and  about  sixteen  miles 
northeast  of  Whitewater.  The  principal  uses 
of  gypsum  are  for  plaster  of  Paris  (by  calcining) 
and  fertilizar.  The  find  is  ten  miles  from  pres- 
ent railroad  oommnnication  and  the  survey  for 
the  proposed  Union  Pacific  extension  runs 
within  a  quarter  of  a  mile  of  it.  The  finders, 
W.  D.  Barslay  and  M.  L.  Wilson,  hope  to  en- 
list the  co-operation  of  capitalists  in  developing 
the  ledge,  which  is  said  to  be  very  wide. 

The  Southern  Pacific  Oo.  spends  a  great  deal 
of  money  for  coal.  The  average  coat  of  coal  to 
the  company  for  the  Pacific  system  has  been 
about  $Q  or  $7,  and  75  cents  a  ton  duty  has 
been  paid  for  years  on  the  largest  part  of  what 

thas  been  used.  The  company  haa  two  ooUiers, 
the  San  Pedro  and  the  San  Mateo,  engaged  in 
bringing  ooal  from  Puget  sound  to  S  m  Pedro 
and  San  Francisco,  and  will  soon  have  in  opera- 
tion the  largest  ooIUer  on  the    ooast.      Mr, 


Huntington  recently  purchased  the  San  Benito, 
an  iron  steamer  in  the  European  trade,  which 
is  now  being  changed  for  ooal  carrying  at  New- 
port  News  on  the  Atlantic  Coast.  Its  capacity 
is  4500  tons  dead  weight  besides  Its  bunker  coaL 
Thk  Southern  Pacific  Co.  is  about  to  bnild 
oreoeoting  works  at  Oikland  to  replace  those 
recently  burned  at  San  Pedro.  The  creosoting 
tanks  and  a  good  deal  of  the  machinery  can  be 
so  repaired  as  to  be  used  again  and  will  con- 
stitute a  part  of  the  new  works.  The  new  plant 
will  be  located  near  the  foot  of  Peralta  street 
and  near  the  present  ferry-alips  for  the  freight 
steamers.  In  the  future  all  the  piles  nsed  in 
the  onmpany's  wharves  about  the  bay  and  at 
San  Pedro  will  be  treated  to  the  creosote  proc- 
ess here.  A  great  deal  of  the  bridge  timber 
used  by  the  company  is  also  treated  to  this 
process.  The  erection  of  the  works  in  Oik- 
land  will  represent  an  investment  of  about  $25,- 
000. 

The  Salinas  natnral  gas  well  is  well  started 
and  everything  is  working  in  first-class  order. 
It  has  reached  a  depth  of  H'A  feet  through  the 
following  deposits :  Alluvium,  4  feet;  yellow 
clay,  6  feet;  yellow  sand,  8  feet;  yellow  clay,  3 
feet;  yellow  quicksand,  18  feet;  yellow  clay, 
1(3  feet;  blue  sand,  5  feet;  blue  clay,  10  feet; 
yellow  clay,  10  feet;  brown  vegetable  mold,  3 
feet.  At  the  depth  of  70  feet,  after  passing 
through  the  stratum  of  blue  clay,  which 
turned  to  yellow  near  the  bottom,  the  first  gas 
was  struck  but  not  in  very  strong  volume. 
At  the  depth  of  83  feet  a  stroog  fiow  of  gas  was 
struck,  but  the  well  soon  filled  with  water 
from  below.  From  a  depth  of  39  feet  to  the 
83  foot  point,  no  water  was  found. 

For  the  first  time  in  its  history  the  Southern 
Pacific  Company  has  suffered  damage  to  its 
property  from  an  earthquake.  When  the 
hardest  of  the  ahooks  of  last  week  occurred, 
the  iron  truss  railroad  bridge  over  the  Pajaro 
river  on  the  coast  division  was  moved  out  of 
place  about  a  foot,  preventing  the  passage  of 
trains.  During  the  morning  passengers  bad  to 
walk  across  the  bridge  and  take  trains  sent 
to  meet  them.  The  bridge  remained  on  its 
stone  piers  and  was  safe  after  the  rails  were 
moved  into  line,  which  was  done.  The  bridge 
is  near  a  fiasure  through  the  mountains  through 
which  the  Pajaro  river  runs,  and  the  earth- 
quake cauaed  the  river  to  rise  four  feet, 
and  made  long  rents  in  the  mountain-sides 
near  by. 

The  C^nBolidated  Piedmont  Cable  Co.  has 
been  formed  in  Oakland.  This  new  corpora- 
tion baa  a  Board  of  Directors  composed  of 
Daniel  Meyer  of  Sin  Francisco,  Ira  Bishop, 
representiDg  Charles  Bishop,  banker,  Honolulu, 
Mrs.  Pbcebe  A.  Blair,  relict  of  J.  Walter  Blair, 
Samuel  and  Montgomery  Howe,  E.  A.  Heron 
!  and  W.  B.  Morse.  Fifteen  and  one-half  miles 
;  of  cable  road  are  to  be  constructed.  This  new 
organization  absorbs  the  following  horse-car 
'  lines :  Washington  street  via  Fourteenth  street 
and  Broadway,  to  Piedmont  and  the  cemeteries, 
Washington  street  via  Fourteenth  street  to 
Watts*  tract;  Sixteenth-street  depot  and  Sev- 
enth street.  West  Oakland;  also  the  Market 
street  and  Adeline  street  feeders.  When  the 
system  is  blended,  as  it  soon  will  be,  transfer 
tickets  will  be  issaed.  Just  now  the  Piedmont 
section,  running  on  Washington,  Fonrteenth 
and  Broadway,  is  being  converted  into  a 
cable  road.  About  300  men  are  at  work  on 
that  job. 

The  Virginia  Chronicle  says :  John  W. 
Mackay  is  at  the  head  of  the  movement  for  the 
proposed  reduction  in  handling  Comstock  ore 
after  its  extraction  from  the  mines.  The  Com- 
stook  Tunnel  Company  officials  have  intimated 
a  willingneas  to  aesree  to  a  reduction  in  royalty, 
provided  the  V.  &  T.  railroad  and  mill  com- 
panies consent  to  reduce  the  cost  of  transporta- 
tion and  milling.  That  the  latter  will  be  forced 
to  either  consent  to  the  reductions  proposed  or 
suspend  ore  sbipmenta  and  hang  up  their 
etampa  there  can  be  no  question,  as  it  was 
demonstrated  at  the  conference  that  the  vast 
low-grade  ore  resources  of  the  Comstock  must 
remain  in  the  mines  if  the  present  rates  for 
handling  are  maintained.  On  the  other  hand, 
if  the  propoaed  reductions  are  consented  to,  the 
bullion  yield  of  the  lode  will  be  increased  to 
double  the  present  average,  thereby  furnishing 
a  larger  revenue  for  the  railroad  and  mill  com- 
panies and  giving  employment  to  double  the 
present  force  of  miners  and  mlllmen. 

In  consequence  of  the  severe  winter  season, 
dnll  market  and  the  usual  depletion  of  the 
great  streams  fiowing  Into  the  Faoifio,  the  sal- 
mon pack  this  year  is  likely  to  be  materially 
curtailed.  It  is  thought  that  it  may  require 
one  or  even  two  years  of  recuperation,  owing 
to  the  dnllfjesa  of  the  market,  before  the  busi 
ness  is  pushed  to  an  extent  equal  to  the  two 
years  last  passed.  John  T,  Cniting,  in  speak- 
log  of  the  canning  business,  said:  *'The  Sacra- 
mento canned  salmon  has  oeased  to  cut  any  fig- 
ure in  the  market  whatever,  owing  to  the  al- 
most utter  extinction  of  the  fish  in  its  waters. 
The  Columbia  river  also  has  lost  the  command- 
ing position  it  once  held  in  the  market,  owing 
to  overfishing,  and  now  that  ample  supplies  can 
be  procured  from  Alaska  and  Britleh  Columbia, 
the  product  from  the  Columbia  has  oeased  to 
exert  the  influence  upon  the  market  that  it 
did.  The  situation  on  the  Columbia  oan  best 
be  shown  by  considering  the  decreased  number 
of  the  oanneries  at  work  on  that  stream.  In 
1889  there  were  twenty  five,  this  year  the  num- 
ber will  not  exceed  fifteen,  and  of  this  number 
there  are  now  only  one  or  two  of  the  upper 
river  canneries  in  operation,'' 


List  of  D.  S.  Patents  for  Pacific  Coast 
Inventors. 

Reported  by  Dewey  &  Oo.,  Pioneer  Patent 
Solicitors  for  Pacific  Ooaat- 

KOR  WEEK  ENDING  APRIL  22,   1890. 

425.972.— Closet  Attachment— R.  V.  Baraco, 
Fresno,  Cal. 

426,167. — Wave  Motor— E.  ChafTey,  Santa 
Monica,  Cal. 

426,245.— Ore  Feeder— L.  D.  Craig,  S.  F. 

426,267.— Fruit  Picking  Stand— J.  C.  Green- 
low,  Pepperwood,  Cal. 

426.016.  — Key  Fastener— W.  W.  Hitchcock, 
Los  Angeles.  C'al. 

426,017.— Hypodermic  Syringe— W.  W.  Hitch- 
cock, l.os  AoRcIes,  Cal. 

426,033.— Automatic  Flush  Tank— A.  Mayer, 
Pasadena,  Cal. 

426.034.- Automatic  Flush  Tank— A.  Mayer, 
Pasadena,  Cal. 

426,208.  — .Sack  Holder  — Alex.  McDonald, 
Franklin.  Cal. 

426  312.— Retaining  Device  for  Overshoes— 
J.  A.  Patlon,  San  DieKo,  Cal. 

426,280.— Anvil  Attachment— C.  M.  King, 
Downieville,  Cal. 

426,025.— Floor  Tightener— W.  P.  King,  Los 
Anfteles,  Cal. 

426,353.— Sheet-metal  Folding  Machine— 
S,  F,  Woodworth,  Clipper  Gap,  Cal. 

The  following:  brief  liut  by  telegraph,  for  April  29,  will 
appear  more  complete  on  receipt  of  mftil  advices: 

California— J.  G.  EListland,  as  asBigncc  of  a  one-fourth 
Interest,  S.  F.,  lire  alarm;  Albeit  A,  Weber,  Sacramento, 
aclf-oUin^'  uar  .ixle;  William  P.  Walliog,  Santa  Monica, 
elevated  cable  road;  George  W.  Tlmrston,  S.  F.,  fruit- 
drier;  Thomas  A.  and  H,  W.  Peidan,  Sacramento,  dieh- 
washing  machine;  Samuel  H.  Pratt,  Strawberry  Valley, 
lunK-testing  toy;  William  B.  Petera,  S,  F.,  aeei^'nor  of  a 
half  interest  to  R.  C.  Sargent,  San  Joaquin,  dredgint' 
machine;  Radford  W.  Peterson  and  S.  B.  Clark,  Santa 
Rosa,  hop-picker;  Thomas  Isaac,  Sacramento,  calipers  or 
dividers;  Daniel  F.  Jones,  S.  F.,  safety  pUiy  for  wash  ba- 
sins; James  Kelly,  assignor  of  a  half  interest  to  E. 
Dougherty,  San  Dieifo,  vent-8top))Qr  for  ordnance;  same, 
device  for  layiny;  guns  at  any  an^je;  William  H.  Grisaim, 
Santa  Roea,  measuring  funnel;  Wililun  Holland,  Gilroy, 
shaft  for  vehicles;  Peter  B.  Donahoe.  Fresno,  watering- 
cart;  Charles  P.  Elliott,  S.  P.,  method  of  and  apparatus 
for  purifying  water  for  boilers;  Edward  A.  Cochran,  as- 
signor of  a  half  interest  to  C.  A.  Sawtello  and  E.  J. 
Beach,  Pasadena,  horse-clipping  machioe;  Jessie  Bundy, 
San  Rafael,  miter-box;  Prank  Bardei;,  S.  F.,  faucet-filter. 

NOTB,— Copies  of  U.  S.  and  Foreign  patents  furnished 
by  Dewey  &  Co.,  in  the  shortest  time  possible  (by  mail 
or  telegraphic  order).  American  and  Foreign  patents 
obtained,  and  general  patent  buslnesa  for  Pacifio  Coast 
Inventore  transacted  with  perfect  aeourlty,  at  reaaonable 
rates,  and  in  the  shortest  possible  time. 

Handling  Comstock  Ores. 

Editors  Press: — Your  correapondent  ia  here 
looking  around  the  minee.  Sinoe  thia  oity  haa 
fallen  under  control  of  the  low-grade  millmen, 
the  monotony  of  life  ia  only  equaled  by  the 
quietneae  of  ita  surronndinge.  An  oooaaional 
break  to  the  atillneaa  ia  had  when  one  of  the 
nameroua  auperintendenta  returna  for  a  brief 
viait  from  h's  foreign  travels. 

Mr.  Pat  Kirwin,  Sapt.  of  the  Gould  &  Curry, 
pat  the  town  in  a  flutter  tbia  week  by  hla  an>- 
expected  arrival  from  Mexico,  where  he  and 
the  president  of  the  company  have  been  luxuri- 
ating. No  wonder  the  minea  are  aaaeeaed  in 
plaoe  of  paying  dividends. 

A  mining  man  of  Gold  Hill  ia  reeponaible  for 
the  information  that  the  0  (German  haa  a  ledge 
of  good  ore  on  1200  level  whtoh  has  been  aam- 
pled  across  the  face  and  found  to  be  12  feet 
wide;  theae  aamplea  show  an  average  of  $82.50 
per  ton.  By  mixing  tbia  with  stuff  containing 
little  or  no  mineral,  the  battery  aamplea  are 
reported  to  atookholders  to  be  aroand  $17  per 
ton.  Universal  diaaatisfaction  is  to  be  heard 
nn  all  sides  against  the  complete  silence  of  the 
Virginia  City  presa  upon  theae  too*apparent  sub- 
jects of  millmen  handling  the  ores,  both  at  the 
mine  and  at  the  mill,  with  no  cheok  upon  their 
acta.  Everything  ia  shaped  to  fit  the  miUa.  I 
am  told  that  moat  of  the  Gold  Hill  mines  do 
not  conaider  it  necesaary  to  make  mine  aaaaye 
for  the  benefit  of  their  atockholdera,  but  eimply 
dump  their  orea  to  the  milla.  The  question  of 
quantity  a.nd  quality  Ib  of  little  moment  to  them, 
BO  long  as  the  mills  are  kept  running.  A  radi- 
cal change  muat  take  place,  or  dividends  will 
never  be  paid  on  theae  minea  again.  Freight 
and  milling  ahoald  be  reduced.  Bat  theae  are 
very  amall  itema  when  confronted  with  the  fact 
of  the  very  imperfect  syatem  of  cheoke,  as 
existing  between  the  mine  corporations  and  the 
mill  corporationa.  They  are  both  incorpora- 
tiona  nnder  the  laws  of  California,  and  the 
barefaced  violations  of  the  laws  made  to  govern 
auoh  corporationa  by  your  State  should  not  be 
permitted  another  day. 

The  stockholders  interested  in  the  mining 
corporation  are  aacrifioed  upon  every  aide  by 
their  agents  for  the  banetit  of  stockholders  in- 
terested in  mill  corporations.  Juat  why  this 
should  be  allowed  to  continae  when  a  half- 
million  of  our  California  and  Nevada  people 
have  greater  or  less  interest  In  these  minea  is  a 
profound  mystery.  The  violation  of  the  law  is 
to  be  met  in  every  mining  corporation  that  re- 
fueea  to  keep  a  proper  check  on  ore  shipped  to 
mill  and  its  value.  The  manipulation  of  freight 
bills  on  ore — all  in  favor  of  the  mill  corporation 
— ia  ooatiog  the  mining  corporationa  thonaanda 
of  doUara  yearly.  Thia  freight  ia  another  very 
amall  item  when  compared  with  the  nnanipula- 
tion  of  ore  assays,  all  of  which  favor  the  rnill 
corporation  to  the  loaa  of  the  mine.  Again, 
the  mill  corporationa  are  allowed  to  keep  all 
tailings  and  slimes,  which.  If  the  truth  be  told, 
are  altogether  too  valuable  to  be  surrendered 
ao  willingly  by  the   atockholdera  of   the  mines. 

Most  of  these  minea  oonld  pay  dividends  to- 
day if  they  were  honestly  and  eoooomiaally 
worked.    Until  the  same  respect  la  paid  for  tho 


mine  stockholders*  property  as  is  now   given  to 
the  mill  stookholdera  ynur  readers  oan   ezoeot 
no  dividends  from  the  Oometook  mines.       X. 
Virginia,  Nev.,  April  SGlh. 


Oar  Agents. 

OtJR  Frukm  oan  do  much  In  aid  of  oar  paper  and  tho 
cause  of  practical  knowled^'e  and  science,  oy  aaelatlDg 
AlZents  In  their  labors  of  canvassing,  by  lending  their  Id* 
fluence  and  encouraging  favors.  We.lnteod  to  send  dodo 
out  worthy  men. 

J.  C.  BOAO— San  Francisco. 

R.  O.  Bailbt— San  Francisco. 

E.  B.  Bdckman— Santa  Cruz  Co. 

Sauukl  Clifk— San  Luis  Obiapo  Co. 

C.  J.  Wadk — Sftu  Bornordino  Oo. 

W.  W.  TriKuBALDB— LoB  Angeles  Co. 

E.  B.  Takt— Sao  Joiquln  Co 

Jons  B.  IIiLi.— San  Dieuo  Co. 

E.  U,  SciiARrFLR — Ca'ttVLTat)  ami  Tuolunino  Go's. 

Franks.  Cbapin— Culusa  and  Tehama  Cob 

W.  B.  PftosT— Merced  and  StaniBlau*  Go's. 

Obo.  W I ubok— Sacramento  Co. 

T.  M.  Stackus— Sierra  Co. 

H.  Kklley— Modoc  Co. 

U.  B.  Pakkkr— Del  Norte  Co. 

Wm.  H.  Hillrary— Oregon. 

H.  U.  Paksonm— Oroiron. 

R.  0.  HuBTON— Montana. 


Attention,    Southern    California 
Xhfliners. 

WORKS  FOR  .SALE. 
The  Works  are  situated  at  Daggett,  Cal.,  in  the 
Calico  Mining  District,  and  on  the  side-track  of  the 
Atlantic  and  Pacific  Railroad.  They  contain  a  firsl- 
class  50-horse  power  Engine  and  45-horse  power 
boiler,  with  Ore  Crusher  and  other  machinery,  Mill 
Scales,  Assaying  Outfit,  etc.,  all  nearly  new.  Also 
upon  the  premises  an  office  building  and  a  comfort- 
able dwelling-house  (portable).  The  above  can  be 
had  at  a  bargain.  Apply  to  GILLISPY  &  CHILDS. 
123  California  St.,  San  Francisco, 


CHEAP  AND  CONVENIENT 

CHAIN  PULLEY 

The  engraTiDg  herewltli  illustrates  a  new  liftiDg  apparatus 
of  that  kind  iu  wlii';b  great  p  iwer  is  nece«attry,  and  which 
wilt  stand  aud  hold  the  loud  at  any  poiut  where  it  13  left. 
A8  the  enfeTa\-iug  allows,  ther»  is  a  pulley  over  which  the 
lifting  chiiJD  passes,  ami  upon  the  same  shaft  two  gear 
wheels,  so  flied  that  their  teeth  altemata—that  is,  the  ttieth 
of  cue  wheel  correspond  with  the  ttpaces  of  the  other.  The 
pulley  on  the  right,  over  which  the  endless  actuating  chain 
passes,  is  fixed  to  a  shaft,  which  has  short  cruuk  arma 
lormed  upon  it.  correspond  with  the  gear  wheels  and  with 
the  size  of  their  teeth,  so  that  when  the  shaft  is  rotated  the 
crank  arms  or  pine  engage  the  teeth  of  tbe  gear  wheels,  oue 
after  the  other,  and  thus  advaece  tbe  chain  pulley,  This 
device  alau  forms  a  perfect  lock  when  left  at  snv  point. 

The  hoistinK-chain  pulley,  placed  between  tbe  large  geai 
wheels,  brings  the  weight  right  under  the  supporting-hook 
and  balances  the  machine.    The  operator  may  stand  on  one 
side  and  haul  on  the  chain, 
and  need  not  be  riKht  under 
tbe  ai'paratua.    The  device 
is  simple,  compact,  strong 
aud  effictive,  and  ia  quite 
ingenious  m  des'gu.    These 
machmea  have  lately  been 
)  ut  on  tbe  market  and  are 
ia  K  here     The  iuTtntion 
vidcntly    improves,    in    a 
1  r^t  detTee,  the  construc- 
tion   of  differential    chain 
I  uUeys  makes  them  leas  in 
cost  \\eigbt  wear,  and  re- 
1  airs  and  easy  of  handling 
and    ope  ating.     The    uew 
device  IB  uorthy  of  the  at- 
tention   of    manufacturers 
and  all  users  of  such  arti- 
cles   The  size  for  a 
hulf-toD  lift  weighs 
only  about  thirty 
pounds. 

^AGENTS 
WANTED. 

Send  for 


FOR  SALE  BY 


304 


Mining  a.nd  Scientific  Press. 


LMat  3,  1890 


PARKE    &    LACY  COMPANY 

-mPORTBRS    AND    MANUFACTURBE3    OF 

MINING,    MILL    and    GENERAL     MACHINERY. 


ENGINES,  BOILERS,  STEAM  PUMPS, 

AIR  COMPRESSORS,  ROOK  DRILLS, 
WALL'S  CRUSHING  ROLLS, 

CONCENTRATORS,  PULVERIZERS, 
TURBINE  WATER  WHEELS, 

ROCK  BREAKERS,  DRY  JIGS. 

Bullock's  Diamond  Drills 


GOLDEN  GATE  CONCENTRATORS, 

GREATEST  CAPACITY  OF  ANY  CONCENTRATOR  MADE, 
One  Machine  Taking  Pulp  from  10  Stamps. 


SAW    MILLS,    MACHINE    TOOLS, 
PLANING  MILLS,  INJECTORS  and  EJECTORS 
BELTING,  PACKING,  OILS,  LUBRICATORS, 
FIRE    EXTINGUISHERS, 
CENTRIFUGAL  PUMPS 
ROTARY  PUMPS,  GANG  EDGERS, 
CAMPBELL'S    STEAM    FEEDS, 
MILL    and    MINE    SUPPLIES. 


c3rm^'jEm..A.ij    .A.Gr'si'Nr'na    z*oxi. 


WESTINGHOUSE    AUTOMATIC     ENGINES. 


COjVlJr  O  U  JN  L),  s-iib  horse  power. 


SALES  DURING  LAST  FOUR  MONTHS: 

RT ANDARn  '*»  engines, 

OX.a.XN  lJJ:^.I\i±J,     4500  HORSE  POWER. 


JUNIOR,  •*"'  ENGINES. 


4260  HORSE  POWER. 


OzTAXica.    To-ta.1,    309    XSxiglxies,.  ..^gsz-egAtlxig    13.975    ZXox-se    JE'cy%xrerr. 


21  and  23  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco,  Gal. 


189  Clarence  St.,  Sydney,  N.  S.  W, 


NOTICE  TO  GOLD  MINERS! 


JUSTINIAN  CAIRE,  Agent, 

521  &  523  Market  St.,  San  Francisco, 


—DBALBE    IN— 


r'or   SJ.A.-VIlsrC3r 


Assayers'  and  Mining  Material. 


GRAVEL.  OR  PLACER  MINES. 


MADE  OF  BEST  SOFT  LAKF      UPERIOR  COPPER 


— MANUPAOTHRBE    OP— 


Centrifugal  Boiler  Qnartz  Mill. 


Our  plates  are  guaranteed,  and  by  actual  experience  are  proved,  the   besj  [n  weight  of  SlI-    BATTERY  SCREENS  AND  WIRE  CLOTH 

ver  and  durability.     Old  Mining  PlateB  Replated,  Bought,  or  Gold  Separated.    THOUSAJNDS  

OF    ORDERS    FILLED.  

SAN    FRANCISCO    NOVELTY,  GOLD,  SILVER    AND    NICKEL    PLATING  WORKS,  ■^en*  *or  HOSKIRS' 

1 08  and  1 1 2  First  St.,  San  Francisco,  Gal.  HYDKO-CABBON   ASSAY  FURNACES 

a®-  SEND  FOR  CIRCOLARS. 

IMPORTANT  TO  GOLD  MINERS! 

SILVER-PLATED  AMALGAM  PLATES  for  SAVING  GOLD 

IN    QUARTZ,    GRAVEL    AND    PLACER    MINING. 
PRICES  GREATLY  REDUCED. 

Only  Kefined  Silver  and  Best  Copper  nsed,    Over  3000  Orders  filled.    Fifteen  Medals  Awarded,    Old  Mining  Plates  can   be 

Keplated,    Old  Plates  Bonght,  or  Gold  Separated, 

These  Platea  can  also  be  purchased  of  JOHN  TA  YliOR  &  CO.,  Corner  Eirat  and  Mission  Sta 

San  Francisco  Gold,  Silver  and  Nickel  Plating  Works,  653  &  655  Mission  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  E.  G.  Denniston,  Prop'r. 

Our  Plates  have  been  used  for  20  years.    They  have  proved  the  best.    We  adhere  strictly  to  contract  In  welebt  of  Silver  and 
OoDcer.      SKND  P  >H  OIHOULAB. 

^\    ^aT,     II xj  kttc" I  isr C3r t  €3  isr, 

• MANUFACTURER    OP • 

CENTRIFUGAL  ROLLER  OUARTZ  MILLS, 

Concentrators  and  Ore  Crushers, 
Mining  Machinery  of  Every  Description.        Steam  Engines  and  Siiingie  Macliines. 

SEND    FOR    CIRCULAR. 


H.  D.  MORRIS, 
220  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco, 

MANUf  ACTURERS'  aM  PMHASmG  ACENT. 

Special  attentir"  given  to  purchase  of 

MINE  and  MILL  SUPPLIES. 


ADAMANTINE  SHOES  AND  DIES.— Quar- 
uiteed  to  prove  better  and  cheaper  than  any  othere. 
Orders  BolicUed,  subject  to  above  coDdltlons. 

B.  D,  HOBRIS. 


80LB  ASBNT  FOR 


tEUSHER  PLATES, 

— AHD — 

Chrome   Cast    Steel'foi 
Kock  Drills,  Etc. 


ADAOIANTIVE. 


Daj's  Improved  Qnartz  Stamp  Mill. 

This  Mill  is  designed  for  the  Prospector,  the  Assayer  and 
Sampler  of  Gold  and  Silver-bearing  rock.  It  is  a  perfect  mid, 
built  entirely  of  metals,  and  of  the  best  mechaiical  construc- 
tion; will  amaJgamate  perfectly  in  the  battery  or  on  plates. 
It  strikes  a  sharp,  heavy  blow  wiih  a  lighistamp.  Shipping 
weight,  225  lbs.    Price  S75.    Address 

F.  O.  Box  331,  Chico,  Batfee  Co  ,  Cal. 

N.  B.— Chapparell,  Butte  Co.,  Cal.,  Nov.  10,  iSS9.— Mr.  Jas. 
Day,  Chico:    The  little  mill  is  a  daisy;  it  comes  up  to  all  ex- 
pectations; it  works  perfect  in  all  respects.    Yours  truly,  I 
Walker,  Rebse  &  Co.    - 


Mat  3,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


305 


AMALGAMATING  MACHINERY. 

stamp  Mills  tor  Wet  or  Dry  Crushing. 
Huntington  Centrilugal  Quartz  Mill.  Dr(ln9 
Cylinders.  Amalgamating  Pans,  Settlers, 
Agitators  and  Concentrators.  Retorts,  Bui* 
lion  and  Ingot  Moulds,  Conveyors.  Elevators, 
Brucknors  and  Howell's  Improved  White's 
Roasting  Furnaces,  Etc. 


FRASER  &  CHALMERS, 

MINING  MACHINERY 


IMPROVED  CORLISS  v^L~v°E %VIIm  engines.     '» 


CONCENTRATING  MACHINERY. 

Blake,  Dodge  and  Comet  Crushers.  Corn(sh 
Crushing  and  Finishing  Rolls.  Hartz  Plunger 
and  Collom  Jigs.  True  Vanner  &  Embrey 
Concentrators,  Evans'.  Calumet,  Collom's 
and  Ritlenger's  Slime  Tables.  Trommels, 
Wire  Cloth  and  Punched  Plates.  OreSam- 
ple   Grinders  and  Heberle  Mills. 

^/\||    PDO    HORIZONTAL.    VERTICAL 
DiJIUtKo    ...  AND  SECTIONAL.  ..  . 


:XIMIX>]^OVMO     S^'T^M.WE.    ^WM.m^W'm 


Hoisting  Engines, 
Safety  Cages, 

Safety  Hooks, 

Ore  CARS,  Water  &  Ore 
BUCKETS, 

Air  Compressors, 

Rock  Drills,  Etc. 

GENERAL  MILL  AND 
MINING  SUPPLIES,  ETC. 
Sectional  Machinery 

FOR 

MULE-BACK 

TRANSPORTATION. 


Pumping  Engines 

and  Cornish 

Pumping  Machinery, 

IMPROVED 
WATER    JACKET 

Blast  Furnaces  for 
Caiena&  Copper  Ores, 

SLAG  CARS  AND  POTS, 

Roots  &  Baker 
Pressure  Blowers, 

SUSPENDED 

TRAMWAYS. 


General  Offices  and  Works:     FULTON  AND  UNION  STS.,  CHICAGO,   iLL. 


(Aetalllirgy  apd  Ore^. 


SELBY 

SMELTING  and  LEAD  CO.. 

41S  Hontgomery  St.,  San  Franouco. 

GOLD    AND    SILVER    REFINERY 
And  Assay  Office. 

Highest  Prices  Paid  for  Gold,  Silver  and 
Lead  Ores  and  Sulphorets, 

^MAHUFAOTDRBIUl  OF 

BLUESTONE, 

LEAD  PIPE, 

SHEET  LEAD, 

SHOT,  Etc.,  Etc. 

ALSO  HAKUFAOTDRSIU    OP 

Standard    Shot-Gun    Cartridges, 

UoOer  Cbamberlin  Patent 


BRANCH  OFFICES; 


NEW  YORK,  Room  43 
7  W.  Second  South 
Cade  de  Juarez.        LIMA,  PERU,  South  America. 
SOLE    WESTERN    AGENTS    FOB 


,  No.  2  Wall  St.        DENVER,  COLO.,   1316  Eighteenth  St.       SALT  LAKE   CITY,  UTAH, 
St.       LONDON,  ENC,  23   BucKlerebury,  E.  C.       CHIHUAHUA   CITY,    MEXICO,  No.  I  I 
JOHANNESBURG,  TRANSVAAL,  South  Africa. 
TYLER    WIRE    WOKKS    DOOBLB    OBIMPBD    MINING    CLOTHS. 


THE     PELTOIT     "WATER     "WHEEL 

GIVES    THE    HIGHEST    EFFICIENCY    OF    ANY    WHEEL    IN     THE    WORLD. 


^^«AE^^X^tERI\ff 


% 


OVER  800  ALREADY  IN  USE. 

Afforde  the  Moat  Simple  and  Reliable  Power  for  all 
Mining   and   Manufaotaring   Machinery. 

Adapted  to  heads  running  from  20  up  to  2,000  feet. 

From  12  to  20  per  cent  better  results  guaranteed  than 
can  be  produced  from  any  other  Wheel  in  the  Country. 

ELECTRIC  TRANSMISSION. 

Power  rom  these  Wheels  can  be  transmitted  long 
distances  with  small  loss,  and  is  now  extensively  used  in 
alliparts  of  the  country  for  generating  both  power  and 
light. 

APPLIOATIONS 

Should  state  amount,  and  head  of  water,  power  required, 
and  for  what  purpose  ;  with  approximate  length  of  pipe  ; 
also,  whether  the  application  is  with  reference  to  WfieeU 
or  Motors  described  below.     SEND  FOR   CIRCULARS. 

The  Pelton  Water  Wheel  Co. 

121  MAIK  ST„  SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 

I=»E3IjiT01Xr      'S^S7'JSJrP:ElJEL      3VIOTOH.S. 

Varying  from  the  fraction  of  1  up  to  15  and  20-horse  power,     Uoequaled   for   all   light-running   maohinery.     Warranted  to  develop  a  given 
amount  of  power  with  one-half  the  water  required  by  any  other.     SS-  SEND  FOR  MOTOR  CIRCULAR.     ADDRESS  AS  ABOVE. "^l 


JAMBS    LBFPEL'S 

Mining  Turbine  Water  Wheel. 

These  WheolH  are  designed  for  all  purpoaes  where  limited  quanfcltleB  of  water  and 
high  heads  are  Dtilized,  and  are  gruaranteed  to  give  more  power  with  leae  water  than 
any  other  wheel  made.  Bein^  placed  on  horizontal  shaft,  the  power  is  transmitted 
direct  to  Bhafting  by  belts,  dispensing  with  gearing. 

Estimates  furnished  on  application  for  wheels  specially  built  and  adapted  in 
capacity  to  suit  any  particular  case. 

Further  information  can  be  obtained  of  this  form  of  construction,  as  well  as  the 
ordinary  Vertical  Turbines  for  Wooden  Penstocks  and  in  Iron  Globe  Cases,  free  of  cost, 
by  applying  to  the  manufacturers. 


JAMBS 
Springfield,  Ohio, 


LEFPEL    &    OO., 

or  110  Liberty  St.,  New  York, 


FRASER    &    OHALMEB8,  General  Aerenta, 

OhlcaerOi  111,,  and  Denver,  CoL 

PABKB    St   LACY.  General  Agents,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


CALIFORNIA    IRON  YARD. 

HBNRY  J,  ROGERS  &  OO. 

Successors  to  CHAS.  CALLAHAN 
lUFORTBRB  AND  DBAIiBSB  IN 

CAST  and  WROUGHT  IRON  SCRAP 

SECOND-HAND     BOII,3ERS 

AND  OI.D  MACHINERY 

Of  every  deaorlption. 

He  Higlest  Price  paii  for  all  MMs  ol  Metals, 

Opfiob  and  Yard:    128  and  130  Folsom  St.,  S.  F. 
Telephone  No.  67. 


California  Inventors 


Should  consult 
DEWEY&CO 
Ame  r  I  0 an 

AND. Foreign  Patent  Solioitobs,  for  obtaining  Patenta 
and  Caveats.  EatabliBhed  in  1860.  Their  long  experience  aa 
joumaliBts  and  large  practice  aa  Patent  attomeyB  enablefl 
them  to  offer  Paci^o  Ooaat  Inventora  far  better  Burvice  than 
they  can  obtain  elsewhere.  Send  for  free  oiroulara  of  infor- 
mation. OfiBceof  theBIlKINO  ANDBoiENTiFiopRBSSand 
FAOirio  Bubal  Fbebs  No.  330  Market  S.,  San  Franciaoo. 
Baevator.  IS  Fzont  fit. 


THOMAS  PRICE  &  SON, 

Assay  Office,  Chemical  Laboratory, 

BULLION  ROOMS  and  ORE  FLOORS, 

524  Sacramento  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

COIN  RETURNS  ON  ALL  BULLION  DEPOSITS  IN  24  HOURS. 

WORKING    TESTS    OF    ORES    BY    ALL    PROCESSES. 

SPECIAL  ATTENTION  PAID  TO  CONCENTRATION  OF  ORES. 

Ores  Received  on  Qonsignment,  Sampled,  Assayed,  and  Disposed 

of  in  the  Open  Market  to  the  Highest  Bidder. 


JOHN  TAYLOR  &  CO.. 

IHPORTKRB  AND   DBALBR8  IN 

ASSAYERS'    MATERIALS,    MINE 
AND  MILL  SUPPLIES, 

ALSO  CHEMICALS,    AND    PHYSICAL,  SCHOOL    AND 

CHEMICAL  APPARATUS. 
63  &  65  First  St.,  cor.  Mission,  San  Franclioo. 
Ay-~^      We  would  call  the  attention  of  ^ — ^^^^=^n 
^   I      Aeaayers,  ChemtBtB,  Mining  Com-  C<^^^£^5t3/ 
panics,  Milling  Companies,  Pros-  ^SWteRS^ 
pectors,  etc.,  to  our  full  stock  of      t=~~z^ 
Balances,  Furnaces,    Muffles,  Crucibles,    Bcorl* 
Sere,    etc,   including,    also,  a   full    stock    of 
Chemicals. 

Having  been  engaged  in  furnishing  these  sup- 
plies slnot  tho  flret  discovery  of  mines  on  the 
Pacific  Coast,  we  feel  confident  from  our  experi* 
once  we  can  well  suit  the  demand  for  these 
goods,  both  as  to  quality  and  price. 

Agents  for  the  Morg:an  Crucible  Co,, 
Battersea,  England.  Also  for  E.  G.  Dennis- 
ton's  Silver  Plated  Amalgam  Plates.  The  plates 
of  this  well-known  manufacturer  are  thoroughly  relfa- 
ble,  and  full  weight  ot  Silver  guaranteed.  Orders  takea 
at  his  lowest  prices.  Our  lUuBtrated  Catalogue  and  Aa 
say  Tables  sent  free  on  application. 

JOHN  TAYLOR  «  OO. 


Nevada  Metallurgical  Works, 

NO.  23  STEVENSON  STREET, 

Near  First  and  Market  Streets,  S.  P. 

C.  A.  Ldorhakdt,  Manager.  Establibbbd  1809 

Ores  worked  by  any  ProoeBS. 
Ores  Sampled. 

Assaying  in  all  its  Branohes, 
Analyses  of  Ores,  Minerals,  Waters,  etc. 
Working  Tests  (practical)  Made. 
Plans  and  Specifications   furnished  for  tbe 
most  suitable  Process  for  Working  Ores. 

Special  attention  paid   to  Examinations   of 
Mines;  Plans  and  Reports  furnished. 

O.  A.  LUOKHARDT  A  OO^ 
(Formerly  Huhn  &  Luokhardt, 
Mlnlmt  Enorlneers  and  Metallursrista . 


GREAT     REDUCTION! 

BATTERY~SCREENS. 

Best  and  Cheapest  In  America. 

No  imitation,  no  deception,  no  planished  or  rotten 
Iron  used.  Only  genuine  Kusaia  iron  in  Quartz  Screens. 
Planished  iron  screens  at  nearly  half  my  former  rates. 

I  ha\e  a  large  supplj'  of  Battery  Screens  on  hand 
suitable  for  the  Huntiugton  and  all  Stamp  Mills,  which  1 
will  Bell  at  20  per  cent  discount. 


PERFORATED  SHEET  METAL 

For  Flour  and  Rice  Mills,  Grain  Separators,  Revolving 
and  Shot  Screens,  Stamp  Batteries  and  all  kinds  of  MiD 
Ing  and  Milling  Machinery.  Iron,  Steel,  Copper,  Brass. 
Zinc  and  other  metals  punched  for  all  uses. 

Inventor  and  Manufacturer  ot  the  celebrated  Slot  Cut 
or  burred  and  Slot  Punched  Screens. 

Mining  Screens  a  specialty,  from  No.  1  to  16  (finej. 
Orders  promptly  attended  to. 

San  Francisco  Pioneer  Screen  Works, 

2 SI  &  SS3  First  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

JOHN  W.  QUICK,  Proprietor. 


WINCHESTER  HOUSE. 


44  Third  Street, 


San  Francisco,  Gal, 


Tiiis  Fire  proof  Brli?k  Building  is  ceDurally  located,  id 
tbe  iiealtbiest  part  of  the  city,  only  a  balf  bloclc  from  tbe 
Grand  and  Palace  Hotels,  and  close  to  oil  Steamboat  and 
Railroad  Otlicos. 

Laundry  Free  for  the  use  of  Families. 

HOT  AND  COI.D  BATHS  FREE. 


Terms,  Board  and  Roam,  $1.00  per  Day 

And  Upward. 

Rooms  with  or  without  Board, 

Free  Coach  to  the  House 


308 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[May  3,  1890 


n^Af^KET    I^EPOFJTS. 


Local  Markets. 

San  Francisco,  May  i,  1890, 

General  trade  has  held  fairly  active  throughout 
the  week,  from  the  mining  districts  all  advices  are 
confirmatory  of  more  prosperous  times  than  have 
been  enjoyed  for  several  years  past.  Advices  from 
the  agricultural  districts  are  also  of  an  encouraging 
character.  The  only  present  drawback  is  the  labor 
agitation  and  threatened  strikes  by  several  labor  or- 
ganizations. For  all  of  five  years  past  we  have  been 
singularly  exempt  from  strikes,  but  now  they  appear 
to  have  come  on  with  renewed  energy.  Iron  manu- 
facturers are  quite  confident  of  success,  which  will 
place  them  in  position  to  compete  for  work  that  has 
gone  East;  at  any  rate,  they  will  not  lose  money,  as 
they  had  been  doing. 

The  money  market  is  fairly  easy,  with  no  urgent 
demand  from  any  one  quarter,  while  remittances 
are  free.  The  wool  clip  moves  off  freely,  which  is 
putting  considerable  money  afloat;  while  free  sell- 
ing of  grain  unties  large  sums  of  money.  Sterling 
exchange  is  firm,  as  are  exchanges  on  New  York. 
The  last  steamer  leaving  for  Hong  Kong  took  out 
157,156  Mexican  dollars,  $7010  gold  coin  and  $50,- 
000  silver  bullion. 

MEXICAN  DOLLARS— The  market  continues 
strong  at  fluctuating  prices  in  sympathy  with  silver 
bullion.  The  demand  is  slow.  Quotations  the  past 
week  ranged  from  yg%@Soc,  closmg  at  about  one- 
half  cent  lower. 

SILVER— The  market  at  the  East  and  abroad 
advanced  and  held  fairly  strong  the  forepart  of  the 
week,  but  with  the  prospect  of  no  speedy  action  by 
Congress  looking  to  favorable  legislation  on  the 
metal,  the  price  set  back.  The  firm  stand  of  Sena- 
tors Teller  and  Stewart  in  favor  of  free  cointge, 
ably  seconded  by  Hon.  Francis  G.  Newlands,  en- 
courages the  belief  that  with  the  aid  of  the  Demo- 
crats far  more  favorable  silver  legislation  will  be  se- 
cured. It  is  to  be  regretted  that  the  Republicans 
are  trying  to  make  it  a  parly  measure,  for  the  re- 
monetizing  of  silver  should  rise  above  party,  owing 
to  the  many  industries  that  will  be  largely  benefited 
directly  by  it,  while  the  others  will  be  benefited  in- 
directly. Our  foreign  exchanges  point  to  an  almost 
certainty  that  with  silvt-r  remonetized  in  this  coun- 
try, the  nations  of  Europe  will  soon  fall  into  line. 
Although  silver  is  about  10  per  cent  higher  than  it 
was  a  few  months  ago,  yet  very  little  is  offering  for 
sale,  which  shows  that  the  production  is  not  increas- 
ing. 

London  cables  came  through  to-day  quoting  silver 
unchanged,  as  did  New  York  telegrams.  In  the  lat- 
ter city  $t.  03  was  bid  to-day  for  silver  certificates. 
In  our  market  the  mint  paid  $1.05,  which  was  re- 
duced to  $r.03M.  and  to-day  they  bid  $1.02. 

QUICK.SILVER— Receipts  the  past  week  ag- 
gregated 75  flasks,  and  exports  by  sea  152  flisks  to 
Guaymas.  The  market  is  very  strong  at  higher 
prices,  under  a  good  demand  and  better  prices 
abroad. 

ANTIMONY — The  market  continues  strong  un- 
der light  stocks  and  small  obtainable  supplies  at  the 
East. 

BORAX — Receipts  the  past  week  aggregated  216 
centals,  and  exports  by  sea  200  lbs.  to  Honolulu 
and  1 160  lbs.  to  Guaymas.  The  market  is  firm  at 
the  recent  advance. 

LEAD — Exports  the  past  week  aggregated  7000 
lbs.  to  Victoria.  Owing  to  the  new  ruhng  of  the 
Treasury  regarding  the  importation  of  Mexican 
ores,  the  market  at  the  East  has  been  advanced. 
The  demand  East  is  reported  to  be  more  active. 

LIME — Receipts  the  past  week  aggregated  6976 
bbls.,  and  the  exports  by  sea  1230  bbls.  to  Hono- 
lulu and  400  bbls.  to  Kahului.  The  market  is  fairly 
active  at  full  rates. 

TIN — The  market  has  a  firmer  tone,  under  a  freer 
consumption  and  stronger  prices  abroad  for  block. 
The  higher  market  for  pig  abroad  and  at  the  East  is 
due  to  a  lessened  output  by  the  mines. 

COPPER— The  market  is  very  strong.  At  the 
East  there  has  been  a  steady  advance,  due  to  favor- 
able markets  abroad.  Cable  advices  from  London 
up  to  April  23d  report  as  follows:  Copper  warrants 
are  becoming  scarcer,  as  the  French  stock  are  still 
held  firmly  for  j^so.  Other  sellers  have  offered  more 
freely  at  intervals,  but  there  is  little  outside  specula- 
tive demand.  The  India  demand,  which  has  lain 
dormant  for  a  long  while,  is  beginning  to  revive 
somewhat,  and  there  is  at  present  a  lair  business  in 
that  direction.  Recent  transactions  in  furnace  ma- 
terial include  a  total  of  2250  tons  Anaconda  argen- 
tiferous matte  on  private  terms  and  195  tons  Mon- 
tana matte  at  los.  to  arrive. 

IRON— The  market  is  reported  fairly  firm.  Man- 
ufacturers are  reported  to  be  using  more,  with  the 
prospect  of  enlarging  their  requirements  still  more 
at  an  early  day.  Eastern  advices  report  continued 
strong  competition  by  Southern  furnaces.  The 
production  of  ihe  South  increased  from  688,000  tons 
in  1887,  to  1,244.000  in  1889,  while  the  output  of 
the  North  only  increased  about  28  per  cent  within 
the  like  time.  A  London  cable  under  date  of  April 
23d  to  the  /ro/i  Age,  says:  Hematites  dropped  to 
53s.  yd.  in  the  face  of  reports  that  another  meeting 
of  West  Coast  smelters  has  been  held  at  which  it 
was  agreed  to  damp  more  furnaces,  and  despite  the 
fact  that  shipments  are  large  and  stocks  decreasing 
under  the  influence  of  the  same  and  reduced  make, 
confidence  seems  to  be  entirely  absent  as  a  matter 
of  fact,  and  little  interest  is  manifested  except  on 
the  part  of  sellers  operating  on  the  "bear"  side. 

COAL — Imports  the  past  week  aggregated  as  fol- 
lows :  Departure  Biy,  8600  tons;  Seattle,  1217; 
Coos  Bay,  1600;  New  York,  100.  Total,  11,500 
tons.  The  market  for  Australian  for  shipment  is 
gradually  easing  off,  owing  to  lower  outward  char- 
ters at  Australasian  ports,  and  advancing  outward 
charters  at  this  port.  The  list  of  ships  on  the  way 
and  loading  at  both  Newcastle,  N.  S.  W.,  and 
Sydney  is  increasing  in  numbers.  The  consumption 
here  of  steam  coals  is  steadily  increasing.  H^use 
coals  are  slower  but  no  lower.  The  consumptive 
demand  is  gradually  decreasing.     The   market  is 

folriy  Steady, 


Eastern  Metal  Markets. 

By  Telegraph. 
New   York,   May   i,  1890. — The  following  are 
the  closing  prices  the  past  week: 
Silver  in    Silver  in 
London.  New  York, 
rhursday..  .47  1  05 


Friday 4S  1  05 

Saturday 4S  1  05 

Monday 4S  1  05 

Tuesday 47  1  05 

WedneBdav..46  9-16  101^ 


Copper. 

Sl4  35 
14  50 
14  35 
14  40 
14  60 
14  60 


Lead. 
34  02i 
4  05 
4  05 
4  02J 
4  07i 
4  10 


Tin. 
§20  10 
iO  65 
20  50 
20  35 
20  35 
20  25 


New  York.,  April  29. — Borax,  moderately  active; 
9/^@95^c  for  California,  refined.  Quicksilver,  69® 
70c;  London,  firmer  in  all  hands;  a  good  spurt  and 
activity.  All  styles  of  lake  copper  firm;  i4J^cbids 
rejected.  Castmg  brands  something  stiffen  Ari- 
zona, i25i@i2j^c  for  most  any  other  than  common. 
There  is  a  revival  of  the  trade  in  lead  in  the  East 
and  West.  Prices  higher  here.  Spot,  %^.oj)4s® 
4  10, 

San  Francisco  Metal  Market. 

WHOLESALE. 

Thdesdat,  May  1, 1890. 

iNTrMOKT— None  in  market     — @      — 

Borax— Refined,  in  carload  iota S@      — 

Powdered  "        "       "    8@     — 

Concentrated      "         "        "    7i@     — 

All  grades  jobbing  at  an.  advauca. 

COPPEE— 

Bolt 23  @  25 

Sheathiug 23  @  25 

Ingot,  iobbiDg 17  @  IS 

do,  wholesale —  @  16 

Fire  Box  Sheets 23  ft»  25 

Lead— Pig 4(@  — 

Bar 5@  — 

Sheet 7  @  — 

Pipe 6  @  — 

Shot,  discount  10%  on  500  bags     Drop,  ^  bag.  1  45  C*  — 

Buck,  ^bag 1  65  @  — 

Chilled,  do 1  85  @  — 

TiNPLATE— B.  v.,  steel  grade.  14x20,  to  arrive.      —  (at  — 

E.  v.,  steel  grade,  14s20,  spot 4  60  @  — 

Charcoal,  14i20 6  75  {ab  7  00 

do  roofing,  14x20 6  001^  — 

do,  do,  20s28 12  06  (ft  — 

Pig  tia.  spot,  ^  H) -  @  21  .\ 

CoKE-Eng.,  ton,  spot,  in  blk 13  50  (ctU  50 

Do,  do,  to  load J4  50  @15  50 

QniCKSiLyEE,— By  the  flask 51  00  @  — 

Plaaks,  new ®  — 

Flftslrs,  old 3S  S 

Chrome  Inox  Ore,  ^  ton 10  C0@ 

Iron— Bar,  base 3  @  3i 

Norway,  base 43@  5J 

Steel— English,  ft. 16  @  20 

Canton  tool 9@  9 

Black  Diamond  tool 9  @  9 

Pick  and  Hammer SOT  10 

Machinery ,...."     4@  5 

Toe  Calk 4i@  — 


Iron— Glen garnock  ton 35  00  (g 

Eglinton,  ton .35  00  OT 

American  Soft,  No.  1,  ton.. @35  00 

Oregon  Pig.  ton @35  00 

Pnget  Sound 35  00  @ 

Clay  Lane  White «a2    00 

flhotts.  No.  1 35  00  @35  00 

Bar  Iron  (base  price)  ^  Q). . .      —  @      — 

Langloau  35  00  @ 

Thorncliffe 35  00  @ 

Gartsherrie 35  00  & 

Barrow 35  00  @ 

Thomas 35  00  @ 

Cargotieet 32  50  @ 


Lnmber. 


Pine.  Fir  and  Spruce. 

RRTAIL. 

Rough  Pine,  merchantable,  40  ft 520  00 

41  to  60  (t 21  00 

61  to  60  ft 23  00 

61  to  70  ft 27  00 

1x3,  fencing 22  00 

1x4,       " 21  00 

1x3, 1x4  and  1x6,  odd  lenertha 19  00 

Second  quality 17  00 

Selected 24  00 

Clear,  except  for  flooring 31  00 

Clear  for  flooring 2  00 

Clear  V.  G.  No.  1  flooring 6  00 

Firewood 14  00 

Dressed  Pine,  floooring,  No.  1, 1x6. . .  32  00 

No.  1,3x4 34  00 

No.  1,  lix4,  lix6,  and  odd  sizes 37  00 

All  sizes.  No.  2 27  00 

Stepping,  No.  1 44  00 

Stepping,  No.  2 34  00 

Ship  timber  and  plank,  rough 27  00 

Selected, planed  1  side,  av'ge  40  ft. .  29  00 

«            .<       2  *'          '*       '*  "  ..  31  00 

"            *'       3  "         "      "  "  ..  33  00 

"       4   "         "       "  "  ..  35  00 

Deck  plank,  rough,  average  35  ft 35  00 

Dressed,  average  35  feet 40  00 

Pickets,  rough,  B.  M 20  00 

Jxli,  4  ft  long:.  ¥  M 6  50 

Coal. 


TO  LOAJ"*, 

Per  Ton.  I  Per  Ton. 

Australian...     7  50- @  7  75  Lehigh  Lump. .  16  50@17  00 

Liverpool St'm     8  50  @ jCumberland  bk  16  00@ 

Scotch  Splint.     S  50  @  9  00, Egg,  hard 15  50@ 


JOBBDiQ. 

S17  00 

IS  00 

20  00 

21  00 

19  00 

IS  00 

16  00 

15  00 

22  00 

28  00 

'io'oo 

29  00 

SO  00 

33  00 

24  00 

36  00 

26  00 

IS  00 

24  00 

26  00 

2S  00 

30  00 

32  00 

35  60 

16  00 

6  00 

Cardiff 9  ( 


?  9  50| 


SPOT    FROM   YARD. 

Wellington S  9  OOiSeattle 7  00 

Greta     S  50  Coos  Bay 6  00 

Westminster  Brymbo.     9  OOiCannel 12  00 

Nanaimo 9  Ool  Egg,  hard IS  00 

Sydney S  50  jCumberland,  In  sacks  15  00 

Oilman 7  OOi     do.  bulk 14  00 

CANADIAN    AXTIIRACITE   COAL. 

Egg,  ship  side..    ..  ..$12  50  Stove,  yard §15  00 

Egg,  yard 16  OOiNut,  yard 15  00 


Complimentary  Samples. 

Persons  receiving  this  paper  marked  are  re- 
quested to  examine  its  contents,  term  of  enb- 
aoription,  and  give  it  their  own  patronage,  and 
as  far  as  practicable  aid  in  oiroalating  the 
journal}  and  making  its  value  more  widely 
known  to  others,  and  extending  its  influence  in 
the  cause  it  faithfully  serves.  Subscription 
rate,  $3  a  year.  Extra  copies  mailed  for  10 
cents,  if  ordered  soon  enough.  If  already  a 
aabsoriber,  please  ahow  the  paper  to  others. 


A  Fbosfector  named  George  Robs  was  fatal- 
ly wounded  near  Gallup,  New  Mexico,  recently 
by  a  party  of  Zunis.  Ross  managed  to  drive 
them  oS  with  his  revolver  and  got  to  Fort 
Wiogate. 

Coal  has  been  found  near  Citisa,  San  Luis 
Obispo  ooanty. 


MINING    SHAREHOLDERS'    DIRECTORY. 

COMPILBD  BVERT  THURSDAY    FROM  ADVHRTISBMENTS  IN  THE  MiKINQ  AND  SCIENTIFIC  PRBBB  AND  OTllBR  S.  F,   JOURBALS 

ASSESS  IV1£NTS. 


Com  p 'NT. 


L0C4TI0N.  No.   Am't.  LBMBD. 


..Junes 
..Adr  16.. 
.May  22.. 
,.May2o.. 
..Mar  14.. 
.May  24... 


Delinq't.     Sale.     Secretary.  Place  of  Bdsinbss. 

.  .May  15. .  .June   9.  .J  M  Buffington 3;  3  California  St 

.Apr  22.... May  13.. WH  Watson 302  Montgomery  St 

.Mjyl6....June  5..C  S  Elliott 309  Moutgomfry  St 

.May  14,... June  3..  J  J  Hankina .3P9  Moutgomery  St 

Apr  22...  May  13.  .W  H  Watson 302  Montgomery  St 

"     ..Jun24..0LPerkiua 3^9  Pine  St 

..May  7..ASGroch 414  California  St 

..Tune  11..CL  McCoy 329  Pine  St 

.June  13.. J  W  Pew 310  Pine  St 

..Mar  31.. O  H  Mason 331  Montgomery  St 

June    10.. 0  A  Gross Pbelan  Block 

..Jun26..A  K  Durbim 319  Montgomery  St 

..June  5..AEToompson 309  Montgomery  St 

.  June  6. .J  Herrmann 303  California  St 

.May  8    C  E  Elliott 309  Montgomery  St 

■  May  13.  .W  H  Watson 302  Montgomery  Ss 

May  14.. SO  Mills 419  California  St 

Apr  29 June  3 Jim  24.  .J  W  Pew 310  Pine  St 

Mar    8 Apr  10 May  1,  .J  Morizio 328  Montgomery  St 

""      .Jun21..I  W  Nowlin 230  Montgo^'ery  St 

..June  6.. J  WPew 3l0  Pine  St 

..June  5..J  W  Pew 310  Pine  St 

.June  25..  J  WPew 310  Pine  St 

.  May£6,  W  H  Watson 3C2  Montgomery  St 

.Jun  30.. A  K  DiU'bim 309  Montgomery  St 

..May    8..0  S  Elliutt 309  Montgomery  St 

June  9.. A  Waterman 308  Mout-omery  8t 

.May  21.  .C  E  Elliott 309  Montgomery  St 

20..  Mar    8 Apr    5..,,  May  5..A  Cbeminaut 328  Moutgomery  St 

20.. Apr  14.... May  20....  June  11.. D  C  Bates 309  Montgomery  St 

25.. Mar     4 Apr  14. ...May  19.  .J  W  Pew 310  Pioe  St 

25..  Mar  11....  Apr  17....  May  5..AHFisb 309  Montgomery  St 

MEETINaS  TO  BE  KSILD. 
Name  of  company.  tiOOATioN.    Skoretajit  Offioe  in  S.  F.  MsBxiNa  Dinz 

Chur.h  G  M  Co California..  J  M  Buftiugton  303  Caliform'a  St Annual May  5 

0.  ramonwealtb  Cons  M  Co Nevada.. H  Deas. 309  Montgomery  St Ann\ial May  14 

Con  Imperial  M  Co Nevada.. C  L  McCoy 329  Piue  St Annual May    7 

Diana  GM  Co Ca'ifornia..J  WPew 330  Pine  St Annual May    6 

.luatice  M  Co - ., Nevada.. R  E  Kelly 414  California  St Annual Slay    5 

Live  Oak  Drift  M  Co California.. J  Morizio 32S  Montgomery  St Annual May  15 

Mayflower  Gravel  M  Co California..  J  Morizio 328  Mi.ntgom^ry  St Annual May  13 

Morgan  M  Co     L  <i  Bresse 23 j  Montgomery  St  Annual May  3 

Scorpion  M  Co Nevada.  GR  Spinney 3lu  Piue  St Annual  May  12 

Volcano  Hydiaulic  M  Co Calif omia..M  Casey 50S  California  St Annual May    7 

LATEST  DIVIDENDS— WITHIN  THREE  MONTHS. 
ITajue  of  Company.  Location.     Seubetajiy.  Office  in  S.  F.  Amount.  Payable 

Cbampion  M  Co ..California. .T  Wetzel 522  Montgomery  St 10 Jan  20 

Candelaria  Cons  M  Co Mexico.. G  Gato 309  Montgomery  St 25 Apr  5 

Caledonia  M  C Nevada..  AS  Chemiuant 328  Montgomery  St 08 Apr  1 

Con  California  &  Va  M  Co Nevada.. A  W  Havens 309  Montgomery  St 25 Feb  10 

Derbec  Elue  Gravel  M  Co California.  .T  Wetzel 522  Montpomery  St 10 Apr  24 

Idabo  M  Co California Grass  Valley 2  50 Mar  7 

Mt  Diablo  M  Co Nevada.. R  Heath 319  Pine  St 30 Oct  2? 

Pacific  Boras  Salt  &  Soda  Co.  ..California.. A  H  Clougb 230  Montgomery  St 1  00  ....May  10 


Acme  M  &MCo California.. 10 

Alabama  M  Co Nevada..  1.. 

Alpha  Cons  M  Co Nevada..  4,. 

Andes  SM  Co Nevada.. 36.. 

Bailey  M  Co Nevada.,  1.. 

Belcher  M  Co Nevada.  .39.. 

Confidence  S  M  Co Nevada..  15.. 

Cons  Imperial  MCo Nevada.. 27.. 

DelMonteMCo Nevada  .  3.. 

East  Bests  Belcher  M  Co.... Nevada 1., 

Gold  Hill  M  Co Califoruia. .  9. . 

Gould  &  Curry  MCo Nevada.. 64.. 

Hale  ft  Norcross  M  Co Nevada.  .95.. 

Hartford  M  Co Nevada. .  7 . . 

HolmesMCo Nevada. .11.. 

Humboldt  M  Co Nevada..  1.. 

Indian  Creek  M  Co California..  1,. 

Ken  tuck  M  Co Nevada.  .91., 

Maiflowev  Gravel  M  Co Califori.ia..46.. 

Morning  Star  Cona  M  Co. Arizona..  1.. 

Navajo  M  Co Nevada.. 20. . 

North  Belle  Isle  M  Co Nevada.  .17. . 

North  Commonwealth  M  Co, ...Nevada..  3.. 

North  Occidental  M  Co Nevada..  2,. 

Occ  dental  Uons  M  Co Nevada. .  6. . 

Ophir  M  Co Nevada. ,  11 , . 

Jfeerless  M  Co Arizona..  5., 

Potnsi  M  Co .Nevada ,  .34 , . 

Quaker  G  MCo California,. IS.. 

Silver  Hill  M  Co Nevada.  .26. . 

Standard  Cons.  MCo Cahfornia..  2.. 

Utali  Cous  M  Co Nevada..  9., 


,.Mar  20... 

8.. Mar  IS.., 
25..  Apr  5... 
25. .Apr   10... 

8. .Mar  IS.., 
50. .Apr  29.. 
75.. Mar  12.. 

5.. Apr  17... 
20. .Apr  16.. 
25, .Feb  11.. 
25.. Apr  17... 
30. .Apr  28.... June  c 
50. .Apr     9...  May  14... 

2.. Apr  8,... May  15  ., 
25. .Mar  16.. ..Apr  17... 

8. .Mar  18., ..Apr  22... 
10. .Mar  12...,Apr  14... 
30.. 
50,. 

2..Arr  30.,.. May  31... 
50. .Apr  8. ...May  15... 
20. .Apr  S... .May  14... 
25.. Apr  16.... May  21,. 

6. .Mar  31...  May  5.. 
25. .Apr  28.... June  6... 
25. .Mar  12. ...Apr  17.. 
10. .Mar  23.. ..Apr  30... 
50.  Mar  27.... Apr  ;" 


Table  of  Lowest  and  Highest  Sales  In 
S.  F.  Stock  Exchange. 


Name  of 
Company. 

Week 

Ending 
Apr.  10. 

Weee 
Ending 
Apr.  17. 

Wees 

ENDINO 
Apr.  24. 

Week 

Ending 
May  1. 

Alpha 

1.05 
1.15 
.55 
2.00 
2.95 
1.00 

1.15 
1.25 

.65 
2.40 
3.60 
1.25 

.55 

2!85 
5.37 
1.S5 
B.OO 
4. CO 
.40 
.35 
2.65 

i:i6 

".ii 
.35 

2.05 

3.10 

40 

1.10 

1.25 

.60 

2.15 

3.25 

1.15 

.60 

.25 

2.50 

4.85 

1.90 

3.25 

4.00 

.40 

.30 

2.50 

.25 

.35 

'!65 
.40 
1.75 
2.50 

■m 

1.45 
1.4J 

.70 
2.65 
3.95 
1.50 

.70 

2!55 

5.62 

3.70 

5. On 

8.00 

.55 

.35 

3.10 

.30 

1.00 

'!90 

.65 

2.25 

3.16 

.40 

1.60 

1.25 

.35 

.45 

4.15 

.25 

"60 
1.65 
5.00 
1.7f 
6-37 
.25 
.30 
2  40 
1.75 
2.95 

'.35 
3.45 
1.20 
3.10 

1.00 
1.15 

.45 
2.00 
2.85 
1.00 

.60 

2:55 

4.60 

2.15 

2.35 

5.12 

.35 

.25 

2.35 

.30 

.85 

4.00 

.60 

.46 

l.SO 

2.30 

.25 

1.20 

1.00 

.30 

.40 

3.05 

.15 

1.00 

.65 

1.15 

3.70 

1.30 

2.80 

.20 

.25 

1  65 

1.25 

2.25 

.15 

.20 

2.46 

.85 

2.50 

1.25 
1.25 

.60 
2.40 
3.55 
1.40 

.70 

3:65 
5.12 
2  SO 
4.25 
5.50 
.40 

2!76 

i!o6 

'!so 

.60 
1.90 
2.85 

.35 
1.40 
1.25 

"45 

3.60 

.35 

1.15 

.76 

1.46 

4.35 

1.50 

4.20 

.25 

.35 

2.30 

1.40 

2.75 

.25 

.25 

2.75 

1  10 

2.85 

l.CO 

1.20 

.35 

2.16 

3.00 

1.05 

.65 

.25 

3  35 

4.65 

2.30 

2.90 

5.50 

.35 

.25 

2.00 

.25 

.85 

4.00 

.65 

.50 

1.60 

2.30 

.25 

1.30 

.85 

.30 

.45 

3.25 

.25 

1.05 

.60 

1.10 

3.60 

1.40 

3.01 

.20 

.3) 

1.83 

1.30 

2.30 

.25 

.20 

2.55 

.90 

2.60 

1.35 

Alta 

1.30 
50 

Belcher 

2.70 

Beat  &  Belcher 

3.4-. 

.20 
2.60 
4.45 
1.65. 
3  55- 
3.60 

.3n 

.25 
2.05 

.30 
1.00 
3.00 

.60 

.30 
1  65 
2.60 

.30 
1.25 

.80 

Commouwdalth  .... 

Con.  Va.  &Oal 

Challenge 

4  30 
4.95 
2.90 

Con.  Imperial 

.45 
.7i 

Orown  Point 

2  85 

95 

EureKaCon 

"'70 

Grand  Prize 

Gould&  Curry 

Hale  &  Norcross... 
Julia           

2!c6 

2.60 
30 

1   F5 

.85 

1.05 

.30 

.35 

3.60 

.15 

1.00 

.50 

1.05 

4.30 

1.45 

3.65 

.20 

.20 

2.00 

1.35 

2.60 

.35 

.25 

2.S0 

.75 

2  55 

1  20 

Lady  Wash 

.35 

Mexican 

Navajo 

North  BeUe Isle.... 

Nev-  Queen 

Occidental 

3.25 

i!i6 

i!66 
4.00 
1 30 
3.45 
.20 

.15 
1.90 
1.35 
2.25 

.35 

.20 
2.35 

.60 
2.20 

4.00 

i!i5 

5.12 
1.45 
6.00 

'!20 
2.40 
1.50 
2.90 

"!25 

2.90 

.75 

2.75 

3.65 
.30 

i'.45 
4  10 

3  05 

3,75 

411 

40 

Savage 

S.B.&M 

Sierra  Nevada. 

Silver  Hill 

2.2= 
2  00 
2.55 

S  «5 

1   ID 

Tellow  Jacket 

2.;io 

Sales  at  San  Francisco  Stock  Exchange. 


TaURSDAY,  May  1,  9:30  a.m.  200 

250  Alta 1.25  400 

100  Anaea 40c  200 

50  Alpha 1.05  100 

450  Belcher 2.30  100 

50  E.  &  Belcher S.15  200 

200  BulUon 1.15  lOO 

300  Caledonia 5Cc  150 

200  Challeuee 2 .35  150 

150  Chollar 3.0ii  1600 

300  Commonwealth 4.55  600 

50  Crocker 20c  4  0 

350  CrottTj  Point 2  65  50 

100  Con.  Imperial 3?c  400 

5OC0U.  CaL&Va 4  70  S90 

100  Exchequer 7Pc  3=0 

140  G.&C 1.70  200 


Hale&  Nor 2  30 

Independence 10c 

Justice 1.40 

KeutucK 85c 

Navajo 25c 

N. Belle  1b l.fo 

N.  <^ommouwealth..'l,50 

Occident 1.10 

Ophir 3.75 

Overman 2.25 

Peer.. ...45c 

Peerless ■ 45c 

Potosi 3.35 

Savage 1  90 

S.  B.&M 1.60 

Utah 95c 

Union 2.60 


month.  The  ore  milled  in  April  aggregates  more 
than  was  milled  in  March,  but  the  assays  are  smaller; 
however,  this  will  be  partly  offset  by  higher  prices  for 
silver. 

In  answer  to  inquiries  we  will  state  that  the  suit 
against  the  Holmes  Mining  Company  was  brought 
by  the  Southern  Nevada  Mining  Co,  for  $2,000,- 
000  damages.  The  latter  company  claims  that  the 
former  took  out  ore  belonging  to  it.  In  a  contest 
before  Judge  Sawyer  for  title  to  the  ground  in  dis- 
pute, the  case  was  decided  against  the  Holmes 
Mining  Company  in  favor  of  the  Southern  Nevada 
Mining  Company.  The  suit  for  damages  is  still  in 
court. 

From  the  Comsiocks  private  but  reliable  advices 
report  that  there  is  a  decided  improvement  in  Chal- 
lenge and  Confidence,  and  also  in  Savage.  In  Bel- 
cher, important  work  toward  Seg.  Belcher  has  been 
started.  In  Overman,  the  ore  assays  higher  than 
claimed.  For  further  particulars,  see  our  letter  in 
another  column  from  Virginia  City.  Those  in  posi- 
tion to  know  affirm  that  a  strike  in  Hale  and  Nor- 
cross on  the  500  and  1300-loot  levels  can  be  ex- 
pected any  day.  The  work  going  on  in  and  around 
the  Ward  shaft  bpars  close  watching,  as  does  the 
work  going  on  in  Con.  Imperial  and  Alpha.  The 
nature  of  the  work  going  on  in  Chollar  and  Potosi 
causes  the  well  informed  to  look  for  something  im- 
portant from  them  soon.  In  Ophir,  Best  and  Bel- 
cher and  Con,  Virginia  the  work  is  being  closely 
watched.  More  prospecting  work  has  bpen  com- 
menced in  Challenge  and  Confidence.  They  have 
commenced  puttmg  the  pumps  in  place  in  Crown 
Point  to  pump  out  the  Gold  Hill  mines.  From  the 
outside  mines  ther**  is  nothing  new  to  report. 


Mining  Share  Market, 

The  monotony  of  the  downward  move  in  the 
Comstocks  was  relieved  by  an  unexpected  jump  in 
Overman  Saturday,  reaching  Monday  morning 
$3,05,  against  $1.40  on  Friday.  This,  of  course, 
caused  the  remainder  of  the  list  to  move  in  sym- 
pathy. After  making  a  few  shorts  fill,  the  market 
sagged  back.  This  morning  prices  opened  higher, 
but  after  the  Board  Call  they  were  lower.  The  ma- 
nipulator of  the  present  deal  is  a  masier-hand  and 
deserves  credit  for  fooling  all  outside  of  a  few  who 
are  used  to  mold  public  opinion.  We  still  adhere  to 
the  opinion  that  this  is  a  growing  market,  with  set- 
backs and  at  times  breaks  in  prices.  This  opinion 
is  grounded  on  important  work  going  on  in  all 
parts  of  the  lode.  From  the  character  of  this  work, 
it  is  safe  to  say  that  at  any  time  an  improvement 
or  strike  may  be  looked  for  in  any  one  of  the  mines 
lying  between  Caledonia  and  Utah,  but  more  par- 
ticularly in  the  Gold  Hill  and  Middle  group  of 
mines,  and  also  in  Con.  Virgiria,  owing  to  more 
prospecting  work  being  inaugurated  in  them.  In 
the  outside  stocks  the  Quijotoas  were  higher,  the 
Bodies  strong,  and  some  of  the  Tuscaroras  were 
higher,  under  a  move  to  concentrate  stocks  through 
a  reported  election  contest. 

There  does  not  appear  to  be  any  reasonable  ex- 
cuse for  Con,    Virginia  passing  its  dividend  this 


New  Incorporations. 

The  following  compinies  have  been  incorporated, 
and  papers  filed  in  the  office  of  the  Superior  Court, 
Department  10.  San  Francisco: 

Joseph  Wagner  Manufacturing  Co.,  April 
II.  C-ipital  slock,  $[O0,oro.  D. rectors — John  Wag- 
ner, Qporge  Colirell,  A.  Hdllett,  A.  E  Lacey  and  E. 
J.  McCuichen. 

Kate  Haves  M.  Co.,  April  i6.  Capital  stock, 
$2,000  000,  Directors — J.  Downey  Harvev,  C  S. 
Benedict,  E.  W.  Lesser,  F.  S.  Rice  and  J.  H. 
Mooser, 

Ventura  Plaster  Co.,  April  i6.  Object,  min- 
ing for  gypsum  in  California.  Capital  stock,  $300.- 
000.  Directors —  R.  tMton  Chase,  William  E. 
Sharp,  George  A.  Smith,  Abe  Roseberg  and  Marion 
T.*ventiitt. 

Norton-Cook-Pratt  Co..  April  i6.  Object,  to 
deal  in  milling  machinery  and  supplies.  Capiial 
stock,  $100,000,  D  rectors — F.  W.  Cook,  Geo.  W. 
Cummings,  H,  L.  Norton,  Harrison  Barto  and  S, 
H.  Pratt. 

Union  Stockyard  Co  ofS.  F,.  April  16.  Ob- 
ject, to  operate  stockyards  and  slaughter-houses, 
pacl'ing-houses,  canneries^  fertilizers,  tanning- 
houses,  etc.  Capital  stock,  $2,500,000.  Directors 
— A.  S.  Garretson,  J.  E,  Bcoge,  D.  T.  Hedges  and 
E,  Haakinson  of  Sioux  City,  Iowa;  I.  W.  Hellmann, 
W.  S.  Wood  and  A.  t).  Sharon  of  San  Francisco; 
R.  A.  Harris  of  Los  Angeles,  and  W.  L,  Wilkins  of 
San   Bernardino. 

Consumers'  Lumber  Co.,  April  t8.  Capital 
stock,  $75,000.  Directors — A.  W.  Graham.  Thos. 
Stewart,  A.  J.  Wheeler,  Eti^ha  Stewart,  C.  W. 
Boulware,  H.  M.  Freck  and  Thoma^  Honlahan. 

Stony  Creek  Improvement  Co..  April  18. 
Capital  stock,  $150,000.  Directors — Wm.  S  Tevis, 
Will  E.  Fisher.  Henry  C.  Siilweli,  Joseph  Wagner 
and  George  H.  Roe. 

Union  Lithographic  Co.,  April  18.  Capital 
stock,  $ro,oon.  Drreclors  —  Ernest  H  Greppin, 
E.  M.  H^ll.  W.  H.  Castner.  Jr.,  J.  C.  Hall  and  A. 
C.  Kampmyer. 

Umpire  Gas  Engine  Co..  April  21.  Capital 
.stock,  $1,200,000.  Directnrs — William  H.  Yeau, 
Franklin  A.  Davi":.  Frederick  P.  Evans,  J.  B.  Trora- 
ley,  Mrs.  Nellie  Beigble,  Mrs.  Ellen  F.  Sutherland 
and  T.  J,  Owen. 

Pacific  Gas  Engine  Co..  Apri'  21.  Capital 
stock,  $ioo.coo.  Directors— Wm,  G.  and  C.  L. 
Barrett,  E.  C.  Bartlelt,  W.  A.  Cavanagh  and  John 
L,  Boone, 


Mat  3    1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


309 


/l33e33inept  |lotice3. 


GOLD  HILL.  MINING  C-M'PdN?-L.>c»tlon 
of  prli>i-i|>^i  plac«  of  buiiiuv^e,  8*d  Francitco,  Call- 
torniu;  lo<atioo  of  works,  Uraus  Vatloy,  Nuvada  Cotmtv, 
Cullforolft. 

Nuticu  is  her«  by  pi%'en.  ti)»t  at  a  luu^tlng  of  th"  Boanl 
of  Itiroctom.  heH  on  th«  I7ih  day  ot  April.  ].S90,  an 
aHMdtiiiiant  (So.  9)  of  Twcntv-IIve  Ceiita  pur  tflmfe  wns 
leviod  u)>on  (liu  cipital  tttnclt  <>t  tli^  (.'orporatlon,  pBva)<lo 
Iminedlatoty,  in  I  ulttid  Stittu^  tiulii  Coin,  to  lliv  Secre- 
tary, at  ttiv  ollict!  ot  thu  tVni)>Miy,  Kooiu  30,  I'licUn 
Bull'  in^,  San  rraDciscu,  Calitorula. 

Any  Btock  upon  which  tliU  afHownicot  hhy\\  rcmtln 
unpild  on  tha  'IHU  day  of  May,  1>90,  will  bo  dcllBnufnt 
and  advurilnt'd  fur  sale  at  public  auction;  anJ  uultnx 
pai-mont  1m  luailo  hi'fore,  will  be  hoM  on  TUK'>L)AV  the 
10th  day  of  June,  IS'JO.  to  p»y  the  di-liintuent  a8se»9meiit, 
together  with  ccMtti  ot  adi'ci'tiEiutjf  and  cxpeusen  of  aale. 
By  order  of-the  Boanl  ot  Directors 

U  A.  GUOW.  Secretary, 
OlHce.    Honm    20,    FhcUn    lluitdli.K.  Sin  I'raocUco,  Cali- 

foniiu. 


IDI"VIIDE3SrX3    ISTOTICE. 


OFFICE  OF  THE  PACIFIC  BORAX.  SALT 
and  Soda  Cuoipauy.  S»n  I'rauclHco,  April  ^u,  IsOO. 
At  a  meettntf  ot  the  Board  of  Directora  ut  the  nhove- 
named  Cowpi'ty,  h>jld  this  day,  a  Dividend  (No.  31)  ot 
One  D  itlar  I'^I.UO)  per  sbaT<.-  wati  declared,  payablo 
SATUKDAV,  M  y  I'J,  1&:I0.  at  the  oriiL-e  .if  the  CoDipaiiy, 
No.  230  MontiEomery  street,  Kooiuh  11  and  111.  Transfer 
Books  doao  May  0,  l-sSO,  at  3  oVlock  r.  m. 

ALTON  H.  OLOUGH,  Secretary. 


PRACTICAL 

Books  on  Mining 

AND  IRRIGATION. 


BALDWIU  LOCOMOTIVE 

ANNUAL  CAPACITY  800.        ESTABLISHED  1831. 


LOCOMOTIVE   ENGINES! 

A(IaPtt;d  lo  ever)'  variety  of  service,  and  bulll  arcurately  in  Rtautlanl  gauges  and  templates.    Like  parts 
of  difloreut  engines  of  »>amL-  clflt*  pfrfvclly  liiterctiaiigent>le. 

Hroml  and  ^ll^ro^v  (.iaage  I  ocamcuive  .  Mine   Loi».-nndi%-t'S  hy  Slenm  or  Compressed  Air.  Plantation 
Loo^nlollvt■^,  Noi>eler-A  Mmois  for  Slreol  liaiivvays,  Furnace  Locomotives,  etc. 

BURNHAM.    PARRY.    WILLIAMS    &    CO.,    PROPRIETORS.    PHILADELPHIA.    PA. 


Descriptive  Catalogue  and  Circulars  of  Books  relating' 
to  ABdaylng,  Mining,  Electricity  and  Mechanical  Engineer- 
ing, sent  freo  on  application. 

E.  &  F.  N.  SPON,  Publishersp 

12  Cortlandt  St.,  New  York. 


Paul's  Dry  Amatgamating  Barrel  Process. 

Tlie  undersigned  is  prepared  to  erect,  or  furnish  drafts 
for  erecting,  machinery,  also  instructions  for  working 
ores  by  the  now  patented  DllY  AMALGAMATING 
BARREL  PROCESS.  I  assert  the  ability  to  overcome 
EVERY  diJliculty  connected  with  amalgamating  the 
precious  metats,  more  especiailv  gold,  and  to  add  frcni 
2.S  to  100  per  cent  to  the  FREE  COLD  yield  of  any  mill 
working  WET.  Beitii,'  thp  original  inventor  of  dry  amal- 
gamation, I  liive  spent  over  20  years  perfecting  the  s.s8> 
tem,  now  brought  to  a  wonderfully  elRcient,  inexpensive 
and  practical  one.  I  caution  all  parties  against  infringe- 
ments.    For  further  particulars,  address 

ALMARIN  B.  PAUL. 
Middle  Creek  P.  0.,  Shasta  County,  California. 


THE  AMERICAN  BARREL  PROCESS. 

,1  hereby  certify  that  1  made,  at  the  Calaveras  mine,  a 
comparative  teet,  as  between  stamps  and  silver  pla'es 
working  WET  and  the  Paul  Barrel  Process  working  DKY. 
The  ijuantity  of  ore  worked  was  72  ions,  all  carefully 
divided  and  weighed  for  eacii  test.  The  result  from  30 
tons  worked  by  stamps  WET  was  $24. 05  per  ton.  The 
result  from  the  36  tons  worked  by  the  Paul  process  DKY 
was  $9^.00,  making  a  difference  of  :$(J7.05  per  ton  in  favor 
of  the  Paul  Process,  The  test  was  as  exact  as  it  was  pos- 
sible to  make  it.  GEORGE  BOWEIl, 

Room  6,  302  Montgomery  St.,  San  Fiancisco. 


FOR  SALE  CHEAP. 


One  new  double  circular  Sawmill  to  carry  60-inch  bot- 
tom saw,  with  WTOUght-iron  hangers  for  top  saw.  Fric- 
tion feed-works,  patent  steel  screw  double-throw  head- 
blocks,  with  track  iron,  saw  carriage  and  frame  complete, 

RISDON  IRON  &  LOCOMOTIVE  WORKS, 

San  Francisco,  Cal. 


(Successor  to  Heins  &  William,) 

Manufacturer  ot  Leather  and  Fulled  Rawhide    BELT- 
ING,  Rope.  Lace  »uil  Puuip  Leather,  Ktc. 

134  MAIN    ST,    SAN    FRANCISCO,    CAL. 


C.    H.  EVANS    &  CO 


F. 


(SucceBsors  to  THOMSON  &  EVANS), 

110  and   lis   Beale   Street,  S. 

MACHIKTE  WOEKS, 
Steam  Pumps,  Steam  Engines 

and  all  kinds  ot  MACHINERY. 


^%7':h:     ivjiopg-E! 


BY     USING 


WATER  POWER  TRANSMITTED  BY  ELECTRICITY 

To  Run  your   Mills,  Hoists   and   Trams. 

For  Circalar  K'ving  particalars  Bend  to 

KEITH    ELECTRIC    CO.. 


-  MANOFACTDKEKS  OF  - 


Apparatus  for  Electric  Light  and  Electric  Power 

OFFICE,  40  NEVADA  BLOCK, 


Factory,  Stevenson  St.,  bet.  First  and  Ecker, 


SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL 


SAN  FRANCISCO  TOOL  CO., 

MANOPACTDRBBS    OP 

IRRIGATING  PUMPS 

AND 

Machinery  of  all   Kinds. 

PACIFIC  COAST  AGENTS 

BABOOOK    &    WILOOX 

Patent  Water  Tube  Steam  Boilers, 

Kstlmates  Fnrnltihed  on  Application. 


'  Send  for  Oatalosues. 

'\7C7'0X=I.:B1S  : 


CKNTRIFTTOAI.     PUMP. 


FIRST  and  STEVENSON  STS..  S.  F. 


FRISBEE-LUCOP  MILL  CO., 

MANUPACTORERS    OP 

Centrifugal  Roller  Steel  Mills, 

FOR  PULVERIZING  ORES,  WET  OR  DRY, 

For  Amalgamation  or  Concentration,  and  for  Manufacture  of  Cement,  Fertilizers,  Paint, 
and  all  other  purposes  for  which  grinding  or  pulverizing  is  required. 

Send  for  Catal  ^e  and  Price  Liat  to 

FRISBBB-LUCOP    MILL    CO., 

145    BROADWAY,    NEW    YORK. 


HOISTING  BNGINBS  FOR  MINES 


1,2,  or  4  Drums,  with  Reversible  Link 
Motion  or  Pat.  Improved  Friction. 


MADB  ONLY   BY  THK 


LIDGERWOOD  M'F'G  CO.. 

96  Liberty  St.,  New  York. 

34  and  86  West  Monroe  St.,  Chicago. 

197  to  203  OongresB  St,  Boston. 

PACIPIC    COAST    AGENTS. 

PARKE  &  LACY  CO.,  San  Francisco. 

Send  for  Gatalogrue. 


Oda  Obmen'B    12x12  Automatic   Enelne; 
best  style  in  ubr.  Also,  1  Boiler  43  io,  x  16  ft.  Both  nearly 
new.    Apply  to     J.  W.  QUICK,  221  First  St., 
(Top  Floor)  San  Francisco.  Oal. 


AMIDDLE-AGFD  MAN  BY  THE  NAME  OP  JOSEPH 
MuLEARN,  Miner,  left  Nova  Scotia  17  years  ago  for 
California.  His  friends  would  be  thankful  to  any  person 
who  could  give  any  information  concerning  hia  where- 
abouts. 


tdlicational. 


OP 

ASSAYING    AND    CHEMISTRY, 
Rooms  46  &  47,  )  628  MontfiTomery  St. 

2d  Floor  Montgomery  Bl'lc.  f         San  FrancleCO, 
Also,  Eveniofr  Claeses,  7  to  10  o'clock. 

JOHN  T.  EVANS,  M.  A.,  Principal. 


BUSINESS     OOLLEGE, 

24  POST  ST.,  S.  F. 
CM>B      SEVENTY-FIVE      DOLI.AKS     THIS 

V  College  InstructB  Id  Shorthand,  Type  Writing,  Book- 
seepiog,  Teltigraphy,  Penmanship,  Drawing,  all  the  En- 
gUsn  branchea,  and  everything  pertaining  to  buslnese, 
for  six  full  months.  We  have  sixteen  teachers,  and  give 
individual  instiuotlon  to  all  our  pupils.  Our  school  has 
its  graduates  Id  every  part  of  th»  State. 

jrSiND  FOR  OiaoniiAB. 

&.  P.  HEAtD,  PneldeDl. 

O.  8.  HALBT,  Secretary. 


THE    PIONEER    COMMERCIAIi    SCHOOI. 

O 


LIFE  SCHOLARSHIPS.  $7S. 
No  Taoations.  Dat  and  Evunino  Sbsbiohb. 

Ladles  admitted  into  all  Departments. 
Address:    T.  A.  ROBINSON.  M.  A..  President. 


THE    ZANDER    LAMP-BURNER. 

No  Trouble  to  Put  In  the  Wick. 


ThiB  Patented  Burner  haa  a  slide-plate  h  on  the  wick- 
tube  B,  with  grooved  flanees  b'.  The  slide-plate  is  re- 
moved from  the  tube  B  and  the  wick  inserted  through 
the  ooen  side,  the  wick  edges  being  easily  pressed  In 
past  and  under  the  edges  of  the  tube.  The  elide-plate 
ig  then  put  back,  fully  iDcIoaing  the  wiok.  With  this  It 
is  unneceasary  to  force  the  wick  through  a  closed  tube 
and  paat  its  ratchet  wheels.  THIS  PATENT  IS  FOR 
SALE.  It  is  one  of  those  every-day-use  practical  inven- 
(ions  of  merit  that  will  take.  Address  LOUIS  ZANDER, 
1223  Twenty-first  Avenue,  East  Oakland,  Alameda  Co. 


HORACE  D.  RANLETT, 

Ores,  Mining,  and  Commission, 

420  Montgomery  St.,  S.  F. 

Ships  under  advances  to  smeltiDg  works  Id  Boston, 
New  York,  Baltimore  aDd  Liverpool. 

Twonty-one  years'  experieDce  in  Shipping  Ores  and 
Managing  Mines. 

Solicits  CouBignmonts  Of  Copper  Produce  and  Manage- 
ment of  Mining  Matters, 

All  business  conducted  on  Cash  Baole. 

Purchase  and  shipment  of  Mining  Supplies  a  Specialtv. 

Sales  of  Developed  Copper  Mines  undertaken. 

Business  Manager  of  UNION  COPPER  MINE,  Copper- 
opolis,  Cal.;  NEWTON  COPPER  MINE,  Amador  Co.,  Cal. 


FRANCIS  SMITH  &  CO. 

Uaoufaoturers  ot 

Sheet  Iron  and  Steel 


ALL    SIZES. 

130  Beale  Street,         San  Francisco,  Cal 


Iron  cut,  punched  aDd  formed,  for  making  pipe  ok 
ground.  All  kinds  of  Tools  supplied  for  making  Pipe. 
Estimates  given.  Are  prepared  for  coating  all  sizes  of 
Pipe  with  a  composition  of  Coal  Tar  and  Asphaltum. 


?08 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Mat  3,  1890 


The  new  Metal  of  the  Present,  no  longer  "  The 
Metal  of  the  Fttttirc." 


Aluminium! 


JITST      rtlE3-A_IDTr- 


AtUMI  •■"lUM.— Its  History,  Occurrence.  Proper- 
ties, Metallurgy  and  Applicatious,  including  its 
Alloys  B/  Josppli  W.  Bicliards.  M  A.,  A.  C,  In- 
structor in  Metallurgy  at.  the  Lebigh  Uuiver-i'v.  Sec- 
ou'i  edition.  Tevised  and  greatly  enlarged.  Illustrated 
by  28  engravings  and  two  diagrams.    550  pages     Svo 

Price  $5.00,  by  mail,  free  of  postage  to  any  address  in 
the  world. 

CONTEMTS.— Chapter  I.  History  of  Aluminium. 
II  Occurrence  of  Aluminium  in  Nature.  HI.  Physi- 
cal Properties  of  Aluminium.  IV.  Chemical  Proper- 
ties of  Aluminium.  V.  Properties  and  Preparation 
of  Aluminium  Compounds.  VI  Preparation  of  Alum- 
iuium  Compounds  for  Reduction.  VII.  The  Mhuu- 
fac'ure  ol  Sodium.  VIII.  The  Reduction  of  Alumin- 
ium Compounds  from  the  Sandpoint  of  Thermal 
Chemistry.  IX.  Reduction  of  Aluminium  Com- 
pounds by  means  of  Potassium  or  Sodium.  X.  Re- 
duction of  Aluminium  Compounds  by  means  of 
Potassium  or  Sodium  (Continued!.  XI.  Reduction 
of  Aluminium  Compounds  by  the  Use  of  Electricity. 
XH.  Reduction  of  Aluminium  romponnd.s  by  other 
means  than  Sodium  or  Electricity.  XIII.  Work'n^ 
in  Aluminium  XIV.  AlU.ys  of  Alnmioinm.  XV. 
Aluminium-f:opper  Alloys.  XVI.  Aluminium-Iron 
Alloys.  XVII.  Analysis  of  Aluminium  and  Alumin- 
ium Alloys.    Index. 

cv  A  circuhif  of'  4  pages,  ito,  showing  the  full  Table 
of  CoitU'ntx  «f  thin  ilioronghhi  reuuscd a.7id  r,cas'  treatise, 
allowing  the  state  of  the  indrntri/  up  to  1S90,  and  which 
han  played  an  important  part,  m  the  rapid  dtv.lopmeat 
of  this  New  Metal,  will  be  mmt  free,  andjree  of  postage, 
to  any  one  in  any  part  of  the  world  who  wiil  furnish  us 
with  his  iiddress. 

tS"  Our  new  and  revised  Catalogue  of  Practical  and 
Scitntijic  Books,  86  pages,  Svo,  and  our  other  Cata  o-mes, 
the  whole  covering  every  branch  of  Science  appli--d  to  the 
Arts,  sent  free  and  free  of  postage  to  any  one  in  any 
part  of  the  word  who  will  furnish  us  with,  his  address. 

HENRY  CAREY  BAIRO  &  CO.. 

Industrial    Pubu  siieks     Bookseli-ers   and    Imtorters, 
8    O  Walnut  St.,  f  hilHtiutpbia,  Ha.    I  .  «>.  a  . 


SOMl£    CHOSCE 

Jechnical  Jreatises! 


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I>  WIS -A  Practical  Treatise  on  the  Mamifacture  of 
llricks,  Tiles  ami  Turra  Cotla,  etc,  inc  uding  b'ire  E  ieks. 
By  Chas,  T  Ddvis  Sec -dcI  edition,  rhorougiily  revJKed 
Illustrated  by  HI?  eaeraTinga,  500  wages,  Svo.    Price. .  .85.00 

OAVIS.— The  Manufiictiire  of  Leather;  includiug  Tun- 
ning, Tawiog,  Currjiog,  Finishing,  and  Dyeing  of  every  kind 
of  Leather.  By  Chas,  T.  Davis.  Illustrated  by  302  engrav- 
ings,  and  12  samples  of  dyed  Leather,  824  pages,  Svo. 
Price SIO.OO 

I>AVIS.— The  Mannfactiive  of  Paper;  Containiug  the 
various  processes  for  the  fabrication,  c  ilorina  and  tiuishing 
of  every  kind  of  Paper,  as  well  as  the  different  Raw  Ma'e- 
rials.  By  Chas.  T.  Davis.  Illustrated  by  ISO  engravin^A,  filS 
pages,  Svo.     Price S6.00 

1»A.VIS.— A  Treatise  on  Steam  Boiler  Incniatatiun  and 
Methods  for  Preventing  Corrosion  and  Scale.  Ey  Chos.  T. 
Davis.  Illustrated  by  65  euBraviug.>^,  141  pag  s,  Svo. 
Price «150 

DAWIDOWSKY. -A  Practical  Treatise  on  the  Raw 
Materials  and  Fabrication  of  Glue,  Gelatin,  Gelatin  Vpneexs 
and  Foils.  Isinglass,  Cements,  Pastes,  Mucilages,  etc.  Trans- 
la*ed  and  edited  from  the  German  by  William  T.  Eraunt. 
Illustrated  by  35  eueraviugs,  297  pages.    Prica $2.50 

ntJpIjAIN.  A  Treaiiae  on  the  Manufacture  and  Dis- 
tillation of  Alcoholic  Liquors.  Prom  the  Frfuch  of  M.  M. 
Duplais  by  M.  McKenney,  M  D.  Illustrated  by  14  fold- 
ing plates  and  several  wood  engravings,  713  pages.  Svo. 
Price «10.00 

FKANRKI..-HrTTEK.- A  Practical  Treat  se  ou 
the  Manufacture  of  Starch,  Gluco.se,  Starch-Sugar  a  d  Dex- 
trine. Based  on  the  German  of  Waguer.  Illuscrated  by  ?^S 
engravings,  344  pages.  Svo.     Price 83.50 

tJREENWOon.-Steel  and  Iron:  The  Practice  and 
Theory  of  the  several  Methods  in  their  Manufacture.  £17 
di-igrams.  536  puges,  12mo.     Price 83.00 

IIASKRCCK.— The  Secrets  of  th-  Art  of  Dytiug  Wool, 
Cotton  and  Liueu.  By  E.  U.  Haserick.  Illustrated  hy  3  Z 
dyd  patt-m'^.  Svo,     Fr  ce 8 IS.50 

IIOFFEK.- A  Practiral  Treatse  on  Caoutcliouc  aud 
Gutta-Perchrt  and  the  Manner  of  Mi  liug  and  Working  them. 
Prom  the  Ge:man  by  Wm.  T.  Brannt.  Illustrated.  27S 
paces,  12mo     Price 82-50 

KINGZETT.  Tbe  Hi-to  y.  Products  and  ProcesscB  of 
the  Alkali  Trade.  With  23  illustrations,  247  pages,  Svo. 
Price 82.50 

MAKINS. -A  Manual  of  Metallurgy.  Ilhistiatf-d  by 
10  I  engravings,  £92  pa^es,  Svo.    Price 83.00 

NAt"IEK.— A  S, stem  of  Chemistry  applied  to  Dying. 
Illlustra'ed,  422  pngea.  Svo.    P.  ice 83.50 

0'HEE1jI<.    a  Dictionary  of  Dyeing  and  CaUcu  P  in*- 

ing.    491  pages,  Svo.    Price 83.50 

^^^  The  above  or  any  of  our  Books  sent  by  mail. 
free  of  postage,  at  the  publication  prices,  to  any 
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The  Best  Mining  District 

Ou  tlie  Pacific  Cua^t  ! 

GRASS    VALLEY,  GAL. 


THE  BEST  NEWSPAPER  published   in  the  distiict  is 

Daily  and  Weekly  edition.  Gives  all  the  Minii  (j  News 
Dealers  in.  Mining  Machinery  and  Mining:  Supplies  will 
find  THE  TIDINGS  the  beet  medium  for  directly  reach- 
ing the  owners  or  managers  of  mines.  Investors  in 
mines  will  find  it  to  their  advantage  to  subacribe. 

Many  mines  are  in  successful  operation,  and  new 
enterprises  are  being  instituted  and  many  others  are  in 
contemplation. 

DAILV,  S6  00  a  year;  WEEKLY,  S2  50,  in  advance. 
H.  S.  SPaULDING,  Publisher. 

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THE  RUSSELL  PROCESS  COMP'Y. 

TALCOTT  H.  RUSSELL,  Secretary, 
NEW  HAVEN  CONN. 

p.  O.  Box  496. 


PACIFIC    ROLLING    MILL    CO., 


•  UANUFAOTURSRS  OF 


Cast  Steel  Castiip  »m  steel  Forpp 


UP   TO    20,000   LBS.   WEIGHT. 

Tme  to  pattern  and  superior  In  etren^b,  toughness  and  durability  to  Oast  or  Wrought 
Iron  In  any  position  or  for  any  service. 

GEARINGS,  SHOES,  DIES,  CAMS,  TAPPETS,  PISTON-HEAOS,  RAILROAD  and  MA- 
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STEEL  KAIIiS  from  12  to  46  poxmda  per  yard.  ALSO,  Railroad  and  Merchant  Iron,  Rolled 
Beams,  Angle,  Channel,  and  T  IroQi  Bridge  and  Machine  Bolts,  Lag  Screws,  Nuts,  Washers,  Ship  and  Boat 
Spikes;  Steamboat  Shafts,  Cranks,  Pistons,  Connecting  Rods,  etc.  Car  and  Locomotlvo  Axles  and  Frames, 
and  Iron  Foldings  of  all  kinds,  Iron  and  Steel  Bridge  and  Roof  Work  a  Specialty. 

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17  Orders  will  have  prompt  attention.     Send  for  Catalogues.     Address 

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FULTON     IRON    WORKS, 

HINOKLEY,  SPIERS    &    HAYES.  Proprietors. 


[ESTABLISHED    IN    18B5.] 


eiA.jci.   X^xrA^aaolsoo. 


-MANDFACTORBRB    OF— 


TUSTIN'S    PULVERIZER. 


MARINE  ENGINES  AND  BOILERS.- 
Propeller  Engines,  either  High  Pressure  or  Compound, 
Stern  or  Side- wheel  Engines. 

MINING  MACHINERY.— Hoisting  Engines  and 
Works,  Cages,  Ore  Buckets,  Ore  Cars,  Pumping  Engines 
and  Pumps,  Water  Buckets,  Pump  Columns,  Air  Com- 
pressors, Air  Receivers,  Air  Pipes. 

MILL  MACHINERY.— Batteries  for  Dry  or  Wet 
Crushing,  Amalgamating  Pans,  Settlers,  Furnaces,  Re- 
torts, Concentrators,  Ore  Feeders,  Rock  Breakers,  Fur- 

_      na,ceB  for  Reducing  Ores,  Water  Jackets,  etc. 

^  MISCELLANEOUS  MACHINERY.— Flour 
Mill  Machinery,  Saw  Mill  Engines  and  BoUera,  Dredging 
Machinery,  Powder  Mill  Machinery,  Water  Wheels. 

Tustin's  Pulverizer 

WORKS  ORE  WET  OR  DRY. 


ENGINES^BOILERS 

OF    ALL    KINDS, 

Either  for  use  on  Steartaboats  or  for  use  on  Land. 

Water  Pipe,  Pomp  or  Air  Colnmiu,  Fish 
Tanks  for  Salmon  Canneries 

OF   BVKRY   D8S0RIPTI0N. 

Boiler  Repairs  Promptly  attended  to  and  at  very  moaerate  rates. 

AQBNTS  FOR  THB  PACIFIC  COAST  FOR  THB 

X>e^X3.e   Ste£i.xxx  I*-ui.iaa.t>. 

SPECIALTIES : 

OorllBs  EngrlneB  and  Taatin  Ore  FnlTerizers.  DEANS    STEAM    PUMP. 

Agents  and  Manufacturers  of  the  Llewellyn  Peed  Water  Purifier  and  Heater. 


THE  GIANT  POWDER  COMPANY 

Manulaoture  Three  Kinds  of  Powder,  which  are  acknowledged  by  all  the  Great  Chemists  o(  the  World  aa 

The  Safest  and  Strongest  High  Explosives  in  the  Market. 
a-I.A.3SrT     I»C5A7^333ESI1.    or    XJ-STKr^gLlMCITE;, 

Of  Different  Strengths  as  Bequlred. 

NOBEL'S    BXPIiOSIVE     GELATINE,"    which  contains    94  per  cent  of  NltTO-Olyoerine,  and 

GELATINE-DTM AMITE,  Stronger  than  Dynamite  and  even  Saler  In  Handling. 

JUDSON  POWDER  IMPBOVED. 

rOR  RAIIiROADS  AND  LAND  CI-EABING.  Is  from  three  to  four  times  stronger  than  ordinary  Blast- 
ing Powder,  and  is  used  hy  all  the  Railroads  and  Gravel  Claims,  as  it  breaks  more  ground,  pulverizes  better  and 
saves  time  and  money.  ■  It  is  as  dry  as  the  ordinary  Blasting  Powder  and  runs  as  freely. 

BANDMANN,  NIELSEN  &  CO., 

OAFS  and  UTIiSE  for  Sale  OBNBRAL  AGENTS,  SAN  FRANCISCO    OAL. 


QUARTZ  SCREENS 


A  Specialty.  Round,  slot 
or  burred  slot  holes.  Gen- 
uine Russia  Iron,  Homo- 
geneous Steel,  Cast  Steel  or ' 
American  planished  Iron. 
Zinc,  Copper  or  Brass  Screens  for  all  purposes.  Cali- 
fornia Perforating  Screen  Co.,  145  &  147  Beale  St ,  S.  F. 


COAL  MINES  OF  THE  WESTERN  COAST. 

A  few  copies  ol  this  work,  the  only  one  ever  published 
treating  of  Pacific  Coast  Coal  Mining,  have  been  ob- 
tained, and  are  for  sale  at  this  office  for  S2.50  per  copy. 
It  was  written  by  W.  A.  Goodyear.  Mining  and  Civil 
Engineer,;  formerly  of  the  California  State  Geological 
Survey, 


N.  W.  SPAULDINQ 

c30]vs:i».A.iia""S' 

Manufacturers  of 
SPAULDING'S 

Inserted  Tootli 

AKD 

CHISEL    BIT 

CIKCULAB 

Saws. 

SAW  MILLS   AND   MACHINEEY 

Of  all  binds  made  to  order.    Send  for  Descriptive  Cata 
logue.    17  and  19  Fremont  St.,  San  Franolsoo 


Iron  apd  jlHachiiie  ]florl(3. 


UNION    IRON  WORKS. 

SAOBAMENTO,  OAL. 

BOOT,    NBILSON     &    OO.. 

HANVFAOnmBas   OF 

Steam     Engines,    Boilers, 

ASD  ALL  KINDS  OF 

MACHINERY  FOR  MINING  PURPOSES. 

Flouring  Mills,  Saw  Mills  and  Quartz  Mills  Machinery 

constructed,  fitted  up  and  repaired, 
Front  St.,  bet.  N  &  o  Sts..         Sacramento.  Oal. 


CALIFORNIA    MACHINE   WORKS, 

WM.  H.  BIRCH  &  CO., 

RNGINEERS     AND    MACHINISTS, 


No.  119  Beale  St., 


San  Francisco. 


BtTILDBRS  OF 

Steam  Knfiines,  Saw  Mills,  Mining  Machinery,  Dredging 
Machines,  Rock ,  Crushers,  Cable  Railway  Machinery, 
Ellithorp  Air  Brake  Co. 'a  Patent  Steam  and  Hydraulic 
Elevators,  Air  Cushions  and  Ahr  Brakes.  POSITIVE 
SAFETIES.  Improved  Ram  Elevators,  Sidewalk  and 
Hand  Hoists.  B.  E.  Henrickson's  Patent  Automatic 
Safety  Catches. 

machines  of  all  kinds  Made  and  Repaired. 
Orders  Solicited. 


Golden  State  &  Miners  Iron  Works. 

Msnnfactore  Iron  Castlnits  and  Machinery 
of  all  ElndB  at  Greatly  Bedaced  Bates. 

STEVENSON'S  PATENT 

Mold-Board  AMAXjOAMATORS, 
Golden  State  Pressure  Blowers. 

Pirsi  St..  bet-ween  Hoxrard  A  Folsom,  S.  F. 


THOMAS  TH0MP80H 


TBORNTOH  THOMFSOR 


THOMPSON    BROTHERS. 

EUREKA    FOUNDRY. 

129  and  131  Beale  St.,  between  Mission  and  Howard,  S.F 

HANUFAOTinuUia  OP  OABTINQS  OP  ■VBRT  DBSORIFliON. 


Mining    Engineers. 


Bewick,  Moreing  &  Hooper, 

MINING  ENGINEERS, 

508  California  Street,  San  PraEclsco,  Cal. 

Suffolk  House,  Laurence,  Pouotoey  Hill, 

J  ONION,  JO.  C. 

Leake's  Buildings,  Joiianneaburg, 

SOUTH   AUtlCA. 

Report  on  mines  and  undertake  mansgement  of  mining 
proFerbies. 


W.  A.  GOODYEAR, 

Oivil    and    Mining    Engineer, 

MINING  EXPERT  AUD  QEOLOOIST. 
Address  "  Business  Box  A,"  office  of  this  paper,  San 
Francisco. 


ROSS   B.  BROWNE, 

Mining  and  Hydraulic  Engineer, 

No.  S07  Sai«somb  St.,  San  FaANOisoo. 


Great  Variety  of  SHOT  GUHS,  RIFLES, 

etc,    Breech-Loaders  from  S4  to  §100. 
SEND    STAMPS    FOR    PRICE    LISTS. 

GEO    W.  SHREVE, 

625  Kearny  Street,         San  Francisco,  Cal. 


Tioga  District   Mining  Company, 

Incorporated   June  11,  18S9.     Capital  Stock,  $10,000,000. 
.BUY  AND  SELL 

California  Gold,  Silver, Quicksilver,  Copper 
and  Lead  Mines 

OF    ASCERTAINED    VALUE. 

Office,  No.  13  PARROTT'S  BDILDING,  N.  W. 

Corner  of  California  and  Montgomery  Streets, 

SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 

WM.  B.  WIGHTMAN,  Prea.      WM.  H.  V.  CRONISE,  Sec. 


TUBBS  CORDAGE  CO. 

(A  Corporation.) 

Constantly  on  haqd  a  full  assortment  of  Manila  Rope, 
Duplex  Rope,  Tarred  Manila  Rope,  Hay  Rope,  Whale  Line, 
etc ,  etc 

fixtra  sizes  and  lengths  mide  to  order  on  short  notice. 

611  &  613  Front  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal, 


Mat  3,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


309 


IMPROyED    BELT    FRUE   ORE  CONCENTRATOR. 


The  Best  Ore  Concentrator  in  the  market,  bkving  doabln 
the  Capacity  and  doing  ita  work  ae  cloae  aa  the  plain  Bait 
machine,  while  ite  concentrations  are  clean.  It  ii  naed  in 
a  number  of  Mills,  the  moat  notable  of  which  is  the 
Alaska  M.  *  M.  Go's  Mill,  where  24  Improved  Bolt  Fruea 
are  taking  the  Pulp  from  120  Stamps,  ornshiug  350  tons 
per  day,  and  is  giving  entire  satisfaction  as  against  48 
plain  Belt  Machines,  taking  the  Pulp  from  the  other  120 
Stamps. 


Price  of  Improved  Belt  Frue  Vanner,  $900,  i.  o.  b. 
Price  of  Plain  Belt   Frue  Vanner,  $575,  f.  o.  b. 


For  Pamphlets,  Testimonials  and  farther  ioformati  0 
apply  at  office. 


Protected  by  Patents  December  22,  1S74;  September  2 
1879;  April  27,  1S80;  March  22,  ISSl;  February  20,  1SS3; 
September  18,  1883;  July  24,  1SS8.     Patents  applied  for. 


Tliere  are  Over  2200  Plain  Belt  Machinei  now 
in  Use. 

Ths  MoKTAHi  CoMPA»T  (LImlteJ),  London.  October  8, 1886. 
DuR  Sikm:— Having' tcHtod  throe  or  your  Frue  Vaonors  in  a  com- 
potttlvo  trial  wttii  otiier  similar  machines  (Triumpli).  wo  liave  satistiod 
oursoivos  of  the  superiority  ot  jour  Vanoers.  as  is  ovidcncod  bv  the 
tact  ot  our  liavinji  ordered  20  more  o(  your  machines  lor'lmmc'diate 
delivery.     Yours  truly,         TIIK  MONTANA  COMPANY  (Limited). 

N.  B.— 8i"co  the  above  was  written  the  20  Vanners,  having  been 
started,  pise  sueli  Batlstaetion  that  <4  additional  Fmes  and  moro 
itanjps  have  been  purchased.  ADAMS    ^    CARTER 


ADAMS  &  CARTER.  Agents  FRUE  VANNING  MACHINE  CO.,  Room  15,  No.  132  Market  Street,  San  Francisco.  CaX 


ii 


TRIUMPH"  ORE  CONCENTRATOR  with  IMPROVED  RIFFLETBELT. 


The  ooDipetitive  triala  which  have  been  held  between  the 
"Triumph  "  Ore  ConcentratorB,  the  '*  Frue"  VanDers  and 
other  forme  of  concentration  devices^  do  not  warrant  the  aB- 
Bertion  that  the  "Frue  *  Vanner  ib  the  beat  ore  coooentrator  m 
the  market.  The  fact  that  the  "Fruea"  have  improved  (cor- 
rugated) belts  doea  not  militate  against  the  auperiority  of  the 
"Triumphs;"  for,  when  desired,  they  (the  "Triompha")  can 
be  mounted  with  a  superior  belt  known  as  the  '*  Blasdel  " 

Riffled. 

Price  "  Triumph"  Concentrators,  with  Im- 
proved (Patented)  Belt       -       -       -        $650  f.  o.  b. 

Price  "  Triumph "  Concentrators,  with 
Plain  Belt $550  f.  o.  b. 


Wo  are  prepared  to  guarantee  the  suprioritv  of  the  "  Ttiuniph  "  over 
the  "  Pruo  "  or  any  other  form  of  Concentrator,  lor  coin  if  need  be. 
Circulars  and  tustimonial  letters  tutniehed  on  applicatioo. 


JOSHUA  HENDY  MACHINE  WORKS. 

39  to  51  Fremont  Street,     San  Francisco,  Cal, 


(:E>.A-T:B3>a'i":E5X>.) 

Both  the '*Tnuni|.h"  Concentrator  and  "Blaedel"  (ritHed) 
Belt  are  protected  by  iocnnteBtable  letters  patent,  grunted 
by  the  Ujvernment  of  the  United  Statea. 

Orieinal  Knipirc  Mill  and  Mining.'  Conii-any,  1 

Principal  Oltiue.  401  Ctilironiia  S  ..  cor.  SatiBome.  S    F,      > 

Loiation  of  Works,  Gr*h9  Vtlle;,  Nevada  Co.,  CbI  ) 

GKA38  Vallkv.  Nbvada  Co.,  Cat,.,  Nov,  10,  1886. 

Jobhua  Iletuhi  Machine  \yo,i,s.  :vj  to  M  Frimunl  St.,  S.  F.,  Cal.: 

GKNTI.K.MKN— 1  am  plcasid  to  state,  in  reference  to  the  "Triumph" 
Ore  ConcentratorB.  tthat  tour  (4)  of  thum  were  place<l  iu  the  m'll  of  the 
OriL'iiml  Emiprc  Mill  and  Mining  Company  in  April,  18S4.  and  a  thomuL'h 
test  made  of  their  practical  oper  tion;  and  Mieir  cflicirncy  havhiR  been 
demonstrated .  lour  (4)  more  «  ere  subsequently  introduced  m  the  comule- 
ment  of  the  Twenty  (20)  Stamp  Mill,  and  the  eight  (8i  have  been  and  are 
now  tunniDs,'  with  cnlirely  aatisfactorv  resuUe. 

At  the  Ten  (10)  Stamp  Mill  of  the  North  Star  Mining  Company  un-ler 
my  supervinou.  four  (4)  are  also  in  successful  operation,  and  from  my 
obaorvation  of  their  praeiical  workiuES,  I  am  convinced  that  this  form  of 
Concentrators  is  the  equal,  if  not  superior  to  any  othc  stjie  of  Vanners 
or  concentrating  devices.  DAVID  McKAY,  Jr., 

[Signed]  Sup't  North  Star  and  Ori<cinal  Empire  Mining  Co. 

N.  B.  When  the  stamping  capacity  of  the  two  above  named  mills  was  in- 
creased, more  "  Triumph  "  Concentrators  were  purchased,  and  twenty- 
eight  (2S)  are  now  in  constant  successful  operation. 


CALIFORNIA    WIRE    WORKS 


-MANUFACTURERS  OF- 


lEST^^  1=tT  .Ig  13CJES13    lesa.        I3SrC30T=11P'OH.A."I«:E!30    1882 

steel  "Wire   Rope, 


- — OF  ALL  KINDS  FOR 

CABLE  RAILWAYS, 

ROPEWAYS  and  TRAMWAYS, 

Mining,  Shipping  &  General  Purposes. 


WIRE, 

BARBED    WIRE, 
WIRE   NAILS, 

WIRE    OLOTH. 

Full  Aesortment  Alwaya  In  Stock 


OFFICE: 

9  Fremont  Street,  San  Francisco, 

Send  for  Iliustrated  Catalogue. 


hallidie's 
Patent  VV'^e  Ropeway, 


For  the  Economical  and  Rapid 

Transportation    of    Ore 

and  other  material. 


Erected  by  Ug  During  the  Past  Fourteeu  Tears  in  Spang  of 

200  TO  2.000  FEET. 


Simple,  Economical  and  Durable. 


»-'  ,''^tS3>^'!7^r/  ^'^r^^'feAfetfer^. 


TR.\NSPORTATION     OF      ORE      BT     HALLIDIES     P  iTENT     WIRE     ROPEWAX. 


HAVE   BEEN  THOROUGHLY  TESTED 
In  all  Parts  of  the  Country. 


ESTABLISHED    1866. 


Pacific  Chemical  Works. 

HENRY    Q.    HANKS, 

Practical  and  Indnstrial  Cbemist,  Assayer 
and  Geologist, 


718  MONTGOMERY  ST., 


SAN  FRANCISCO. 


i^WiU  report  on  the  condition  and  value  of  any  mining  property  on 
the  Pacific  Coast.  Rare  Chemicals  made  to  order.  Instruotiona  given  Id 
AsBaying:  and  Practical  Chemletry 


PERFECT  PULLEYS 

First  Premium  Awarded  at  Mechanics'   Pair,    1884. 

Sole  Licensed  Manufacturers  of  the 

MEDART    PATENT    WROTTGHT    ETM    PULLEY 

for  the  States  of  California,  Oregon  and  Nevada,  and  the  Terrltorice  of  Idaho,  Waghin^tor 

Montana,  Wyoming,  Utah  and  Arizona.      Lightest,  Strongest,  Cheapest  and 

Best  Balanced  PuJloy  in  the  World.      Also  Manufacturers  of 

PAT.  o«.  26, 1881.  SHAFT-INQ.    HAN  GEES    AND    APPURTENANCES. 

1^  Sbnd  for  Circulars  and  Prior  List."^! 
Noa.   199  and   ISl    FRRMONT  STBEPIT  «»AN     PRANOtROO.  OAT-. 


IMPROVED  FORM  OF  HYDRAULIC  GIANTS. 


THE  ABOVE  COT  ILLUSTRATES  THE  IMPROVED  FOKM  OF  DOUBLE-JOINTED  HT- 
DKAUI-IC  GIANTS  which  we  manufacture.  We  gruRrantee  purchasers  of  this  form  of  Giants  against  all 
costs,  expenees  or  damages  which  may  arise  from  any  aHverso  suits  or  actions  at  law.  Wo  are  further  prepared  to 
furnish  Siople-JoJnted  Giants  when  required.  Prices,  discounts  and  Catalogues  of  our  specialties  ot  Hy- 
draulic Mining  Macliinery  sent  on  application. 

JOSHUA  HENDY. MACHINE  WORKS,  39  to  51  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco. 


DEWEY  &  CO.  {"^g,S'vifo?.Ta1r'?bfi.''}  PATENT  AGENTS. 


GRANGER'S  ROLLER  STAMP  Mill 

Bi?als  them  all,   Worksdry  ores,    ]\r.ikes even  gran- 
ulation.   No  dead  work,  lii'iice  iiilninmm  wc^ar. 

A.  P.  GRANGEK,  DcDV«r,  Colo. 


GRANGER'S  DRY  ORE  SEPARATOR 

The  very  best.    Uses  no  water.    No  freezing  up. 
Saves  hauling  waste.    Saves  high  percenlage.    Scud 

for  circulars.  _  ^  „  , 

A.  P.  GKANGEK,  Denver,  Colo. 


Smelter  For  Sale  or  Exchange. 


One  GO-ton.  wrought  iron,  water-jacket  Smelting  Fur- 
nace (36".kC0"  at  the  tuyeres)  of  the  latest  design,  wi.h 
Cruehor,  Blower,  Boiler,  Pampg,  Engines,  Tools,  and 
everything  complete  for  immediate  delivery,  and  only 
used  about  six  mouths.  Cheap  for  cash,  or  will  exchange 
for  interest  in  a  Lead-Silver  Mme,  or  erect  in  any  mining 
camp  that  will  guarantee  a  certain  output.  For  further 
particutatQ  address  Box  23,  Elkhom,  Montana. 


312 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Mat  3,  1890 


JOSHUA  HENDY  MACHINE  WORKS, 


(INOOEPOEATBD   SBPTEMBEK    29,    ISSaj 


Nos.  39  to  51  Fremont  Street, 


San  Prancisco,  CaL 


lanufacturers  of  NEW  and  Dealers  in  SECOHD-HAND  BOILERS,  ENGINES,  PniPS  and  MACHINERY 


Steam  Pumps  of  all  Makes. 

CENTRIFUGAL    PUMPS, 

MINING    PUMPS. 

BLOWERS  AND   EXHAUST  FANS. 

LEATHER  and  RUBBER 


CDF   E'VEE.^Sr   ■v--A.iiiEa?"y. 

LUBRICATING  COMPOUNDS  and  OILS  of  the  Best  Makes. 
PIPE  and  PIPE  FITTINGS. 

''%rass    Goods_and    Fittings. 

Hydraulic  Mining,  Quartz,  and  Saw-Mill  Machinery,   Hydraulic  Gravel 

Elevators,  Hydraulic  Giants,  "Triumph"  Ore  Concentrators, 

Automatic  Ore   Feeders. 

WOODWORKING 
MACHINERY 

COMPRISING-: 

Band.    Saws,    Stickers, 

Planers,  Shapert, 
SHINGLE  MILLS.  Etc. 

COMPOUND    DUPLEX    PUMP. 

IMPROVED     SINGLE     AND     DOUBLE     CIRCULAR     SAW-MILLS. 

AGENTS    FOB    THE    SALE    OF 

"  Eclipse"  Corliss  Engines,  Porter  Manufacturing  Go's  Engines  and  Boilers,  "  Baker"  Rotary  Pressure  Blowers,  "Wilbraham"  Rotary  Piston 
Pumps , ' '  Hazleton  "  Tripod  B  -  ilers ,  "Jewell "  Water  Purifiers,  Buffalo  Duplex.  Steam  Pumps,  P.  Blaisdell  &  Co.  's  Machinists'  Tools. 


iL.Tinxrc3r. 

stationary,  Portable,  and  Hoisting 

ENGINES  and  BOILERS. 
Shafting, 

PuISeys, 

Boxes, 
Hangers. 


Vulcan  Iron  "^orks, 

135-145  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco,  Oal. 

Mining  Machinery.  Steam  Engines. 


STAMP  BATTERIES, 

PANS  AND  SETTLERS, 

ROCK  BREAKERS,  ETC.,  ETC. 


SAW-MILL  ■) 

CABLE-ROAD         MACHINERY. 
REfRlGERATINOJ 


Special  Machinery  to  Order. 

AERIAL    WIRE    ROPEWAYS. 


ocwsvcNac. 


(Vuicaa  Patsnc  System) 

SINGLE,   ENDLESS    TRAVELING   ROPE. 

"  Elevated  on  Wooden  Posts,  from  150  to  2000  feet  apart, 
conveyinE;  Buckets  of  Ore,  Uoai,  Wood,  etc 

No  PoBBlbillty  of  X^oad  Slipping:. 

Cheapest  Form  of  Transportation. 

No  road   needed;    can  be  run  vertically.    No  power 
□eoded  if  angle  of  descent  be  more  than  S  degrees. 

CAN   SPAN   GUX.CHE9   2000   FEET .  WIDE. 


Rock  Drilling  and  Air  Compressing 
Macliinery 

For  TUNNELS,  QUARRIES,  MINES,  RAILROADS 

And  Wherever  Ore  and  Eock  are  to  be  Drilled  and  Blasted. 

tS-  SEND     FOK     NEW     CATALOGUE    OP     1889.  "ia 


RAND    DRILL  CO., 

23  Park  Place^  New  York,  U.  S.  A. 


iiisiri 


a^This  Rsaolvent  IS  NOT  AN  EXPERIMENT  but  a  FACT,  aod  it  will  do  the  work 
claimed  for  it  at  a  LESS  EXPENSE  than  any  other  boiler  purge,   AND    IN    NO    MANNER 

INJURE    THE    IRON. 

Carnegie  Brotiiers  &  Co.,  Prgprietjrs  op  Edqah  Thomson  Steel  Woiiks,  ) 
PiTTSBDRoa,  Pa.    Works  at  Braldocr.  Oct.  4,  lSa7.     j" 

We  use  the  Pittsburgh  "Boiler  Scale  Reeolveot,"  and  are  well  satisfied  with  the  results  obtained.  We  have 
tested  nearly  all  Oompouods  presented  to  us,  and  this  one  Is  the  only  good  thlngp  we  have  ever  nsed. 
Our  feed-water  is  heated  in  Berryman  Heateis.  but  owing:  to  distance  of  heaters  from  boilers,  we  rarely  exceed  150 
degrees  of  heat  in  feed-water. 

Our  water  is  of  the  worst  character,  containiDg;  such  bad  impurities  as  sulphate  of  lime,  carbonate  of 
lime,  mud,  and  everything  that  Is  bad.  Very  truly  yours,  WM.  R.  JONES,  Gen.  Supt. 

No  water  in  the  United  States  produces  scale  in  greater  quantity  or  of  a  harder  nature  than 
the  Monongahela  River,  containiug  SULPHATE  and  CARBONATE  of  lime,  iron,  MAGNESIA, 
SILICATE,  SULPHUR,  ALUMINUM,  etc.  The  foUowing  weU-known  mannfacturers,  who 
are  large  steam  users  IN  PITTSBURGH,  and  using  the  water  from  said  river  as  boiler-feed  for 
all  their  boilers,  USE  THIS  RESOLVJENT  in  their  steam  plant,  and  to  whom  reference  is  hereby 
made:  Carnegie  Brothers  &  Co.,  Proprietors  of  the  Edgar  Thomson  Steel  Works;  Dilworth, 
Porter  &  Co. *8  Spike  Works;  and  Oliver  and  Robert's  Wire  Co. ;  and  many  other  firms  In  the 
great  manufacturing  center  WHERE  THE  RESOLVENT  IS  MADE.  Reference  is  also  given 
to  Robert  McMahon,  Boiler  Inspector  for  Alleghany  Co.,  Penn,,  and  to  the  following  Railway 
Companies  who  use  it  on  their  locomotives:  Kansas  City,  Fort  Scott  &  Gulf  Railroad;  Central 
Iowa;  Mexican  Central;  Delaware,  Lackawanna  &  Western;  Burlington,  Cedar  Rapids  &  Northern, 
Terre  Haute  &  Indianapolis;  Mexican  National;  and  Denver  &  Rio  Grande  Western. 

Upon  receipt  of  order,  WITH  THE  PROMISE  OF  FAITHFULLY  CARRYING  OUT 
THE  PRINTED  DIRECTIONS,  we  will  furnish,  FOR  FIRST  INTRODUCTION,  a  Birrel, 
or  Half  Barrel,  of  the  Resolvent,  and  the  invoice  will  bear  the  foUowing  stamp: 


I 


TO  BE  PAID  FOR  WHEN  RESOLVENT  \ 
PROVES  ENTIRELY  SATISFACTORY,  j 


FOR  SALE  ONLY  BY 


TATUM    &    BOWEN, 

Sole  Agents  for  the  Pacific  Coast, 

Dealers    in    Improved    Wood-Workiog    Machinery, 

Saw  Mill  MacMiiery,  Eiigiiies,  Boilers,  Iron-f  ortleg  Maclilttery,  Snpp'ies,  Etc., 


Sole  Agents  for  Hoe  Chisel  Tooth  Saw,   Gardner  Governor, 

Schultz  Leather  Belting,  Ebc. ,  Etc. 

34  &  36  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco.        85  Front  St.,  Portland,  Or. 

^^If  in  want  of  Machinery  of  any  desciiptionj  write  us  for  Descriptive  Circulars  and  Piices. 


t^^  ^      : J.  _  "^V  INJ   IZ>  "     ^-'' 


'.'.'.'a'.'o'.   ».».'«'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'»'.    '.»»'«».' 


«.«^»l«^«.«.».»l«.»«».«.«.»^«A« 


»_-^-_l_»J_»  jL  •  A^ 


asiratedj   SoMM^ 


&€fmd§i  ®s#  ^m§mi  Iftiri. 


VOL.    L.X.—  Number  19. 

DEWEY    &.    CO.,    PUBUSHEHS. 


SAN    FRANCISCO,    SATURDAY,  MAY    10,    1890. 


Tbree  Dollars  per  Annum. 

Single  Copies,  lOCts. 


THE    "WOBTHINGTON    COMPOUND    STEAM    PUMP. 


Sutter's  Fort. 

Satter's  Fort,  in  Sioramento,  ia  one  of  the 
few  hiatorical  baildioga  in  CAlifornia.  ItisBtill 
Btandiog  and  is  to  be  restored.  Bafore  the  dis- 
covery of  f;old  it  was  a  most  important  station 
in  the  upper  part  of  California,  for  it  was  there 
that  General  Sutter  and  what  few  white  men 
were  here  had  their  headqaarters.  It  was  at 
this  place,  too,  that  Tames  W.  Marshall,  the 
discoverer  of  gold  in  California,  whose  statue 
was  nnveiled  last  week,  first  went  to  work  for 
General  Satter.  He  was  sent  by  Satter  to  the 
mill  at  Coloma,  and  fonnd  the  nugget  which 
caused  the  gold  excitemeut  of  1S48-49.  This 
nugget  he  took  to  Sutter  at  Satter's  Fort,  and 
after  a  few  tests  the  discovery  was  made  public. 


The  sketch  on  this  page  shows  the  appear* 
ance  of  the  Fort  in  1849  at  the  time  of  the  in< 
Qax  of  gold'hantera  to  this  State,  Lately, 
steps  have  been  taken  by  the  Native  Sons  of 
the  Golden  West  to  preserve  what  Is  left  of  the 
buildings  for  the  bene6t  of  the  pnbllo,  and  the 
grounds  are  to  be  set  aside  as  a  park. 


At  Oorrick's  mine,  near  Temperance  Flats, 
Fresno  Co.,  J.  M.  Corrick  was  shot  and  killed 
by  his  S0D-in>law,  Henry  Suliivan.  The  parties 
to  the  tragedy  had  been  at  law  about  the  own- 
ership of  a  mine,  and  after  the  case  had  dragged 
through  the  courts  for  several  months,  it  was 
decreed  tbat  Corrick  was  the  owner  of  the  prop- 
erty. Corrick  went  up  to  the  mine  about  two 
weeks  ago,  and  was  at  work  when  shot. 


The  Virginia  City  papers  announce  that  the 
owners  of  the  California  battery  and  stamp- 
mills  have  conoladed  to  dismantle  them  this 
year  on  the  score  of  economy,  as  it  has  been 
demonstrated  tbat  the  cost  of  operating  them, 
either  by  the  wire-rope  system  or  steam  power, 
is  greater  than  that  of  operating  the  Carson 
river  mills. 

Mazatlan,  Mexico,  is  now  supplied  with 
water  through  steel  pipes  from  a  source  20 
miles  distant.  D.  Ernest  Melliss  of  this  city 
is  the  GonBtrnoting  engineer  of  the  works. 

The  amount  paid  out  for  wages  alone  last 
month  by  the  Comstock  mining  companies  was 
$234,495.  The  biggest  bill  was  that  of  Con. 
California  and  Virginia— $53  885. 


The  WorthiDgton  Pump. 

The  WorthiDgton  compound 
steam  pump  is  made  in  various  sizes 
and  patterns  according  to  uses  to 
which  tbey  are  to  be  applied.  The 
compound  cylinder  Is  recommended 
for  any  service  where  the  saving  of 
fuel  is  an  important  consideration. 
The  compound  cylinders  are  ex- 
tensively applied  to  hydraulic  ele- 
vator pumps,  tank,  fire,  pressure 
and  mine  pumps,  and  to  engines 
designed  for  the  water  supply  of 
small  cities  and  towns.  In  the  past 
six  months,  the  agent,  Mr.  A.  L. 
Fish,  has  supplied  a  number  of  large 
plants  on  this  coast.  In  San  Fran- 
cisco, he  has  put  in  the  pumping 
plant  for  the  new  Chronicle  build- 
ing, the  Palace  hotel,  and  the  New 
California  theater.  The  Hotel  Ven-  - 
dome  at  San  Jose  and  the  Hotel 
Sao  Kifael  have  also  been  supplied 
with  these  pumps.  A  large  plant 
has  been  put  in  at  Seattle,  with  a 
capicity  of  3  000,000  gallots;  one 
at  Tacoma,  3,0(10,000  gallons;  at 
O'ympia,  2,00U,000;  at  Albina,  0.-., 
1  5C0  000;  Woodland,  Yolo  county, 
1  000,000;  Vallejo,  Solano  county, 
1000.000;  and  M  zatlan,  Mexico, 
4,000,000  gallons.  These  are  only  a 
few  of  the  contracts  made  since 
November  last.  This  pump  is  distiu- 
guished  for  great  simplicity  and 
strength  of  construction,  havtnj;^ 
few  moving  parts  with  no  harsh 
motions.  The  parts  are  easily  ac- 
cessible for  repairs. 

At  Livermore,  Alameda  Co.,  work  was  com- 
menced this  week  on  three  drifts  from  the 
main  tunnel  in  two  veins  in  John  Treadweira 
Eureka  coal  mine,  and  the  force  has  been  in- 
creased to  60  men.  The  main  tunnel  is  now  in 
1500  feet,  which  is  about  half-way  to  the  sum- 
mit vein.  

Sidney  M.  Smitk  has  been  elected  vice- 
president  of  the  Rsgan  Vapor  Engine  Co.  of 
221  First  St.,  this  city,  and  has  not  displaced 
Franois  Cutting  as  president  as  stated  in  the 
Press  last  week. 


The  Comstock  yielded  the  first  quarter  of 
this  year  $1,245,516.  Ore  shipments  were  en- 
tirely suspended  for  some  weeks  during  the 
snow  blockade. 


SKETCH    OF    SUTTEE'S    i^OET    IN    1849. 


314 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Mat  10,  1890 


COF^F^ESPOJMDEJMCE. 


We  admit,  unindorsed,  opinions  of  correspondents.— Eds. 

The  Foundry  at  Sonora. 

Editors  Press: — It  may  be  news  to  some  of 
yoar  readers  who  are  interested  in  mining, 
who  reside  in  the  city,  to  know  that  in  our 
mountain  town  we  have  a  foundry  in  full  oper- 
ation and  moatBUOceaafully  administered,  which 
is  of  paramount  advantage  to  all  persons  act- 
ively engaged  In  developing  our  quartz  lodes. 
Here,  any  kind  of  machinery,  from  a  coffee  mill 
to  a  quartz  mill,  can  be  made  at  San  Francisco 
prices,  and  the  castings  I  have  this  day  exam- 
ined show  a  smoothness  and  finish  comparably 
as  perfect  aa  any  city  work.  Further,  the 
owners  guarantee  to  give  satisfaction.  Toe 
proprietors  of  the  foundry  are  Messrs.  Romans 
&  Patterson.  The  first  gentleman  is  an  expert 
pattern-maker  and  designer,  as  well  as  business 
manager.  He  is  an  old  resident  of  Sonora,  and 
is  well  and  favorably  known  for  his  upright 
conduct  in  business.  The  other  partner,  Mr. 
Patterson,  is  a  first-class  mechanical  engineer, 
and  came  from  Virginia  City,  bujing  into  the 
foundry  quite  recently.  He  was  chief  engineer 
in  the  Combination  shaft  on  the  Comstock  and 
Alta  Company,  and  further  acted  in  the  same 
capacity  at  the  New  Almaden  mines  (quicksil- 
ver). Again,  Re  suparintended  the  laying  of 
the  water-pipes  from  Oiklaad  to  San  Francisco. 
The  foundry  is  fortunate  in  securing  the  serv- 
icaa  of  such  a  thoroughly  capable  man,  and  one 
80  skilled  at  the  lathe. 

I  will  now  briefly  describe  the  ahop  and  its 
surroundings.  There  are  three  lathea,  10,  12 
and  30  inches,  pUning  maohinea,  drills,  boring- 
mills,  two  blast  smelting  furnaces,  capacity  5 
and  1^  tons  respectively;  two  brass  furnaces, 
with  all  the  necessary  equipments  for  a  first* 
class  foundry — all  driven  by  a  30-foot  over- 
shot water-wheel.  There  is  a  capacious  mold- 
ing floor  30x60  replete  with  all  the  modern  im* 
provements,  and  a  natural  deposit  of  very  val- 
uable plumbago  sand  near  at  hand  that  is  made 
available  for  molding.  There  ia  a  pattern  room 
and  a  fireproof  pattern-bouse  literally  full  of 
patterns  of  all  kinds  and  descriptions.  This 
foundry  has  baoome  noted  for  its  very  superior 
shoes  and  dies,  being  composed  of  a  certain 
mixture  of  steel,  white  iron  and  wrought,  the 
exact  proportiona  being  a  secret  of  their  own; 
Buffioe  to  say,  they  are  thoroughly  toughened, 
wear  evenly,  are  not  brittle,  and  actually  last 
longer  than  the  Pittsburg  steel  shoes — in  fact 
they  are  pronounced  far  superior  by  those  that 
have  used  both.  It  is  only  by  long  and  con- 
tinued practice  and  experience  that  they  have 
arrived  at  suoh  perfection.  It  is  well  for  us 
here  that  our  cash  can  be  kept  in  the  county 
instead  of  sending  it  Etst  or  even  to  your  city, 
for  the  raw  material  you  must  provide  ua  with 
at  any  rate,  so  live  and  let  live.  I  noticed 
they  have  just  completed  a  seven-foot  double- 
grooved  sheave  for  the  Golden  Gate  mine  here 
and  are  finishing  a  five-atamo  mill  for  Angels 
Camp,  Calaveras  county.  This  foundry's  gold 
mortars  are  a  specialty,  being  oast  with  the 
minimum  amount  of  iron,  and  from  long  use  by 
gold-mill  men  they  prefer  them,  being  inoon- 
testably  more  convenient  and  suitable  for  gold 
rock  than  the  ordinary  huge  patterns,  which 
are  really  silver  mortars.  These  mortars  are 
constructed  to  receive  wooden  housings,  which 
have  the  advantage  over  the  latter  in  cleaning 
up  or  in  changing  and  replacing  the  worn  shoes 
and  dies,  and  for  inside  amalgamation  they  are 
perfect.  Argus. 

Sonora,  Tuolumne  Co. 


Road  Work  in  Mendocino  County, 

Editors  Press  : — In  a  coramunicition  to  the 
Press  a  few  weeks  ago  I  dwelt  somewhat  on 
methods  of  road  work  now  in  vogue,  and  on  the 
advantages  of  the  contract  system.  Since  that 
time  the  Board  of  Supervisors  of  Mendocino 
county  have  been  in  session,  and  in  passing  on 
a  number  of  petitions  from  road  districts  in 
which  the  petitioners  pray  that  the  roade  in 
their  respective  road  districts  be  let  by  con- 
tract, laid  down  the  principle  that,  in  their 
opinion,  the  wishes  of  a  majority  of  property- 
owners  in  any  road  district  should  determine 
whether  said  district  should  be  worked  by  con- 
tract or  by  the  old  system.  This  is,  I  believe, 
as  it  should  be,  and  will  pave  the  way  for  a 
fair  trial  of  road  working  by  contract,  In  Men- 
docino county.  Oonsiderable  care  will  be  need- 
ed in  drawing  up  the  form  of  contract  so  as  to 
protect  the  public  and  at  the  same  time  give 
the  contractor  a  fair  show. 

There  would  be  no  injastice  at  the  bRginning 
if  the  contract  prices  were  fully  np  to  the  aver- 
age coat  of  road  work  for  two  or  three  years 
past  in  the  road  district  let,  as  a  contractor 
would  have  unusually  difficult  work  for  the 
first  year  of  his  contract.  It  ia  to  be  hoped 
that  the  contract  system  will  be  given  a  fair 
trial  in  most  of  our  counties  this  year.  The 
present  system  seems  a  hopelesa  one. 

Passing  this  queation,  there  ia  another  which 
deserves  more  than  passing  attention,  and  that 
is  the  manner  of  survey  made  for  a  new  road. 
In  no  branch  of  county  business  is  there  more 
false  economy  shown  than  right  here.  Every- 
thing in  building  a  new  road  depends  on  its  be* 
ing  laid  out  on  the  best  and  easiest  line,  and  in 
the  survey  itself   being  an  exact  and   scientific 


operation.  Every  unnecessary  rise  or  fall  is  a 
tax  on  travelers  aa  long  aa  the  road  exists. 
Travel  where  yon  will,  through  the  hilly  or 
mountainous  aeotions  of  California,  and  you 
will  see  roads  which  show  bad  work,  paralleled 
by  abandoned  roads  on  still  worse  lines.  It 
by  no  means  follows  that  because  a  road  is  easy 
it  need  cost  one  cent  more  to  build.  To 
properly  survey  a  road  requires  two  kinds  of 
knowledge.  The  first  is  a  knowledge  of  the  lay 
of  the  country  through  which  it  is  to  be  built. 
This  the  resSdent  usually  has.  The  second  is 
the  actual  skill  of  a  surveyor  and  road  engi- 
neer, a  man  who,  possessing  tools  for  careful 
work,  has  also  the  knowledge  of  practical  en- 
gineering to  make  the  most  of  the  nature  of  the 
ground  over  which  a  road  is  to  be  built. 

Now  the  first  sort  of  knowledge  is  plentiful 
enough,  but  practical  road  engineers  are  neither 
plenty  nor  very  cheap.  Yet  when  we  compare 
the  coat  of  employing  the  beat  of  road  engi- 
neers with  that  of  building  roads  which  are  a 
perpetual  and  unnecessary  inconvenience  to  the 
public,  and  which  more  than  likely  will  at 
some  later  date  have  to  be  abandoned  for  an 
easier  grade  or  more  direct  route,  the  former 
sinks  into  insigDificance.  It  would  pay  the 
supervisors  in  any  county  to  employ  aa  sur- 
veyor for  a  new  road  the  best  civil  engineer 
that  they  could  seoure  even  at  a  cost  five  times 
aa  great  aa  for  anrveyors  who  have  no  particu- 
lar knowledge  of  the  science  of  road  engineer- 
ing. AsBociate  with  such  an  engineer  men 
who  have  a  thorough  acquaintance  with  the 
country  to  he  traversed,  and  there  would  be  a 
reasonable  probability  that  the  road  eo  sur- 
veyed would  be  permanent,  and  would  not  cost 
in  changes  more  than  the  original  cost. 

Throughout  California  the  traveler  ia  im- 
pressed by  the  vast  amount  of  money  wasted 
on  roads  now  abandoned.  In  one  instance  I 
know  of  three  grades  paralleling  one  another 
within  200  yards,  and  that,  too,  on  an  open 
hillside  on  which  a  half-mile  grade  was  to  be 
made.  Roads  could  have  been  made  and  mac- 
adamized for  a  leas  amount  than  haa  been 
iquandered  in  such  instances.  Nor  ia  this 
ancient  history.  The  mistake'  is  being  con- 
stantly repeated.  A  new  road  is  to  be  laid 
out  at  a  cost  of  $5000.  Lst  na  see  how  it  is 
done. 

The  Bsard  of  Supervisors  appoint  three  men 
as  viewers — one  a  young  man  who  has  a  smat- 
tering  of  surveying  and  who,  with  the  compass, 
which  is  his  only  tool,  can  run  a  line  or  find  a 
section  corner,  and  on  that  bases  his  title  to 
the  name  of  surveyor;  the  other  two,  farmera 
or  atockmen  to  whom  we  can  allow  even  an  un- 
usual amount  of  sense  in  the  line  of  their  busi* 
ness  without  acknowledging  any  qualifications 
as  road-builders.  These  three  men,  with 
scarcely  any  instruments,  survey  a  road,  it  is 
accepted  and  §5000  expended.  Is  this  busi- 
ness ?  Is  the  building  or  planning  of  a  good 
road  over  suoh  difficult  country  as  is  the  rule 
in  much  of  California,  such  a  simple  matter 
that  a  surveyor. possessing  the  knowledge  for  do- 
ing only  the  simplest  of  work  in  land  surveying, 
and  two  other  men  who,  however  shrewd  gen* 
erally,  are  not  even  by  courtesy  road-builders, 
can  do  it  well?  We  think  not;  and  yet  I  have, 
if  anything,  stated  the  case  too  kindly  to  be  a 
truthful  account  of  how  such  work  ia  done,  not 
particularly  in  Mendocino  county,  but  all  over 
California.  Carl  Pordy. 

Wktah. 


(rold  and  Silver  Product. 

Mint  Director  Leech  has  submitted  to  Con- 
gress a  report  on  the  production  of  precious 
metala  for  the  year  1SS9.  The  gold  product  of 
the  United  Statea  waa  1,587,000  fine  ounces,  of 
the  value  of  S32,800,000,  as  against  $33,- 
000,000  the  preceding  year.  Of  the  gold  prod- 
uct $31,959,047  waa  deposited  at  the  mints  for 
coinage  and  manufacture  into  bars.  The  silver 
product  waa  approximately  50,000.000  fine 
ounces,  of  the  commercial  value  of  S46  750, 000; 
and  the  coinage  value  of  $64  646  464,  against  an 
estimated  product  for  1888  ot  45  783  632  fine 
ounces,  of  the  commercial  value  ot  $43,020,000, 
and  the  coinage  value  of  $59  195.000.  The  in- 
crease over  1888  was  about  4,216  36S  fine 
ounoea,  of  the  commercial  value  of  $3,730,000. 

In  addition  to  the  silver  product  of  our  mines, 
about  7,000,000  ounces  of  silver  was  ex- 
tracted from  lead  ores  imported  into  the 
United  Statea  and  smelted  in  this  country, 
and  over  5,000,000  ouncea  from  bise  silver 
bars  imported,  principally  from  Mexico,  mak- 
ing the  total  product  of  our  mines,  smelters 
and  refineries  about  62.000,000  fine  ounces  of 
silver. 

Of  this  amoant  the  Government  purchased 
for  coinage  27,125  357  ouncea;  there  were 
used  in  the  arts  auout  6.000,000  ounces,  and 
there  waa  exported  to  Hongkong,  Japan  aud 
the  East  Indies  about  9.000,000  ounces.  We 
shipped  to  London  for  sale  about  20,000,000 
ouncea. 

Colorado  atill  maintains  the  first  rank  among 
the  producing  States,  with  an  aggregate  prod- 
uct of  gold  and  silver  of  over  $24  000  000. 
Montana  stands  next,  with  a  product  of  $22,- 
894  000.  California  produced  $14,034  000,  of 
wbiob  $13,000,000  was  gold,  bemg  about  two- 
fifths  or  the  total  gold  product  of  the  United 
Statea.  Utah  shows  a  largely  increased  prod- 
uct, notably  in  silver.  Idaho  and  New  Mexico 
report  an  increased  product,  and  Arizona  and 
Nevada  reduced  products  for  1889.  The  gold 
product  of  South  Dakota  increased  from 
$2,600,000    in    1888    to    $2,900,000    in    1889, 


Oregon  and  WashiDgton^both  report  increaaed 
products,  the  former  having  produced  $1,200, 
000  in  gold.  The  States  of  the  Appalachian 
range  show  a  slightly  increased  product  of  gold 
over  1888. 

The  total  value  of  the  gold  deposited  during 
the  calendar  year  waa  $48  903,072,  of  whioh 
$42,599,206  was  new  deposits  and  §6.303,866 
redepoaita.  The  total  depoaita  and  purchases 
of  silver  aggregated  36.297,564  standard  ounces, 
of  the  coinage  value  of  $42,237,165,  of  which 
36,074.212  standard  ounces,  of  the  coinage  value 
of  $41,977,265,  was  in  new  depoaita.  The 
quantity  of  silver  purchased  for  silver-dollar 
coinage  waa  27,125,357  fine  ounces,  coating 
$25,379,510,  or  an  average  cost  of  93  56  cents 
per  fine  ounce.  The  amount  of  silver  offered 
the  Treasury  D  apartment  for  sale  aggregated 
47.965,700  fine  ouncea. 

The  net  loss  of  gold  and  silver  to  the  United 
States  by  exoeea  of  exports  over  importa  was  as 
follows  :  Gold.  $38  886.753;  silver,  $14,788,- 
666;  total,  $53,675,419. 

The  amount  of  gold  and  silver  used  in  the  in- 
dustrial arts  during  the  calendar  year  1889 
in  the  United  States  waa  :  Gold,  $16,697  000; 
silver  (coining  value),  $8,766,000;  total,  $25,- 
463,000.  The  amount  of  domestic  bullion 
used  in  the  arts  was :  Gold,  $9  686  827; 
silver  {coining  value),  $7,297,933;  total,  $16,- 
984.760. 

The  total  metallic  atock  of  the  United  Statea 
is  estimated  to  have  been  on  Jan.  1.  1890,  as 
follows  :  Gold  coin  and  bullion,  $689,275,007; 
silver  coin  and  buUion,  $438,388,624;  total. 
$1  127  663  631. 


An   Important   Measnre   in    Forestry 
Rei'orm. 

Hon.  Thos.  J.  Olunie,  in  response  to  publio 
sentiment  and  the  magnitude  of  the  irrigation, 
mining  and  lumbering  interests  of  this  State, 
prepared,  and  on  March  20th  introduced, 
H.  R.  bill  8459,  providing  for  the  proper  and 
systematic  administration  of  the  public  timber 
lands  of  the  United  States  lying  west  of  the 
97  th  meridian  of  longitude.  Britfiy,  Mr. 
Clunie'a  bill  providea  first,  for  the  temporary 
withdrawal  of  all  timber  lands;  aecond,  its 
classification  into  three  groups,  to  wit: 

Section  1 — Lands  distinctively  forest  and  of 
more  value  for  the  commercial  worth  of  the 
timber  thereon  than  for  other  purposes. 

Section  2 — Linds  more  or  less  timbered,  but 
of  greater  agricultural  than  forest  value. 

Section  3 — Forest  lands  of  direct  use  in  pre- 
serving existing  bydrologio  conditions,  water- 
sheds, etc. 

Provision  ia  made  for  the  return  of  landa  of 
second  section  to  the  Department  of  the  In- 
terior as  subject  to  sale  or  occupation  under  ex- 
isting laws.  All  others  are  declared  to  be  for- 
ever the  inalienable  forest  reserves  of  the 
United  States. 

Provision  is  made  for  a  forest  oommissioner 
and  four  assistants,  who  shall  be  *'  proper  per- 
sona, versed  in  matters  pertaining  to  for- 
estry," and  who  shall  be  required  to  give  prac- 
tical oversight  to  and  direct  the  care  of  the 
forest  districts  to  which  they  may  be  aasigu'^d. 

To  encourage  and  stimulate  our  great  lumber 
industries,  provision  is  made  for  the  sale  of 
timber  (by  stumpage)  upon  lands  of  the  first 
and  third  classification,  subj  act  only  to  such 
reasonable  restrictions  against  waste  and  de- 
spoilment aa  the  commission  may  impose.  Fines 
and  puniahmenta  are  provided  for  licensed  tim 
her  or  fuel  cutters  who  violate  the  regulations 
of  the  commission;  and  likewise  against  depre 
dators  and  trespassers  upon  these  reserves. 

In  view  of  the  heavy  revenue  that  will  pass 
through  the  hands  of  the  commission,  com 
mensurate  bonds  are  properly  exacted  of  them; 
also  an  annual  report  to  Csngresa.  One  of  the 
atrongeat  features  of  the  bill  is  one  providing 
that  this  commission  shall  be  within  the  Da> 
partment  of  Agriculture,  an  assurance  itself  to 
irrigators  and  farmers  that  their  interests  will 
be  closely  watched. 

Mr.  Clunie,  while  closely  following  the  gen- 
eral recommendations  of  the  California  State 
Bjard  of  Forestry  in  its  recent  memorial  to 
Congress,  haa  elaborated  the  details  of  a  most 
comprehensive  and  admirable  forestry  bill,  not 
alone  creditable  to  himself,  but  calculated  to 
serve  all  the  interests,  involved — antagoniza 
none.  Amid  the  mass  of  legislation  now  before 
Congress  bearing  upon  the  reclamation  and  irri- 
gation of  waste  and  arid  lands,  none  is  more 
germane  to  the  matter  than  this  bill,  nor  more 
practical  and  statesmanlike  in  its  application. 

Patriotic  pride  in  California,  her  magnificent 
forests,  stupendous  irrigating  systems  and  her 
resources,  should  lead  ua  to  nnite  with  Mr. 
Clunie  in  desiring  to  place  the  State  on  record 
as  a  pioneer  in  this  direction,  and  it  is  to  be 
hoped  that  he  will  have  the  unqualified  indorse- 
ment of  both  press  and  the  public,  with  ail  the 
infiuence  they  oan  bring  to  bear  upon  the  Com- 
mictee  on  Arid  Lauds,  tending  to  the  adoption 
of  this  bill. 

This  measure  has  been  submitted  to  a  sub- 
committee  of  the  House,  composed  of  L^wis  F. 
Watson,  chairman,  Pennsylvania;  Erastus  D. 
Turner,  Kansas;  Jos.  M.  Cirey,  Wyoming; 
John  Quinu,  New  York. 

Friends  of  forestry,  and  those  coinciding  in 
thinking  that  our  State  should  receive  due  at- 
tention upon  this  matter,  are  invited  to  com- 
municate with  this  committee,  urging  up  in 
them  consideration  of  the  merits  of  Mr.  Clnnie's 
bill,  and  advocating  its  passage.  i 


The    Deep  Gold  Placers  of  California. 

NUMBER   VI. 

Written  for  the  Press  ftod  Copyrighted  1S90,  hy  Henry 
G.  Hanks,  P.  G.  S.  A.,  F.  G.  S.] 

Physical  Condition  of  the  Gold. 

I  have  in  my  collection  two  remarkable  spec- 
imens, silent  witnesses  of  forces  ao  long  em- 
ployed  in  the  production  of  the  deep  placers  of 
California.  Both  were  found  on  the  bedrocks 
under  the  gravels.  One  is  an  amber-colored 
chaloedonic  pebble  showing  indisputable  marks 
of  attrition.  It  has  been  broken  and  the  hol- 
low interior  exposed;  into  the  cavity  imall  peb- 
bles  of  dark-colored  quartz  have  been  forced  by 
an  unknown  power;  these  cannot  now  be  re- 
moved without  breaking  the  chalcedony.  The 
edges  of  the  chalcedony  have  sinoe  been 
rounded,  showing  that  the  action  waa  not 
recent. 

The  other  la  an  elongated  pebble  of  argil- 
laceous slate,  honeycombed  with  thin  seams  of 
a  fibrous  undetermined  mineral.  In  several 
small  oavittea  little  rounded  grains  of  gold  have 
been  placed,  presumably  by  the  same  force  that 
put  the  quartz  in  the  hollow  chaloedonic  peb- 
ble. Thia  gold  is  not  in  any  way  attached  to 
the  pebble  except  by  pressure;  the  grains  are  of 
usual  and  well-known  placer  gold,  and  have  to 
all  appearance  been  placed  in  the  cavities  me- 
chanically. Any  doubt  aa  to  their  being  true 
placer  gold  is  removed  by  examination  un- 
der the  microscope,  when  they  are  seen  to  be 
coated  or  rusty. 

The  quantity  of  fine  gold  in  mispickel  and 
pyrites  in  the  veins  and  the  bedrock  of  the 
deep  placer  region,  is  vastly  greater  than  in  the 
quartz  In  a  free  state,  Thia  is  mostly  lost  to 
man  after  it  is  set  free  by  natural  causes,  for 
the  reason  mentioned  before;  it  ia  so  finely 
divided  that  it  escapes  all  knofvn  processes  in- 
vented for  its  capture. 

It  is  not  uncommon  to  find  by  assay  20 
ounces  of  fine  gold  to  the  ton  of  pyrites;  while 
these  minerals  without  gold  are  almost  un- 
known in  California,  When  we  conaider  that 
practically  all  the  iron  so  abundant  in  the  deep 
placers  is  derived  from  pyrites,  we  may  realize 
what  an  enormous  qaantity  of  the  precious 
metal  has  gone  to  wabce  by  this  wide  gateway. 

When  the  gold  is  aet  free,  being  in  a  condi- 
tion to  fioat,  it  ia  lifted  by  the  turbid  waters  of 
mountain  torrents,  borne  away  and  scattered 
far  aod  wide. 

It  ia  a  fact  well  known  to  miners  that  the 
propor^on  of  gold,  bulk  for  bulk,  is  greater  in 
narrow  than  in  wide  mineral  veins.  S^me 
veins,  so  thin  that  they  are  oalled  *'  knife-blade 
veins."  are  worked  with  profit  by  a  system 
known  as  "crevlcing."  A  notable  example  of 
this  style  of  mining  may  be  studied  in  Kl  Do- 
rado county,  where  such  veins  contain  the  rare 
mineral  roacoelite,  never  more  than  an  inch  in 
thickneea  and  generally  far  less,  and  all  the 
gold  is  concentrated  in  it. 

Gold  in  the  E5man  mine;  Plumas  oounty,  is 
ragged,  and  while  generally  finely  divided,  ia 
evidently  comparatively  recently  releaaed  from 
the  matrix.  As  an  additional  evidence  of  this, 
when  examined  microscopioally,  quartz  is 
found  attached  to  the  gold.  At  Soaii  Point, 
also  in  Plumas  county,  and  near  the  EJman, 
nuggets  of  unusual  siza  are  the  rule,  and  they 
are  all  battered  and  flattened.  Gold  in  rivers 
near  the  sea,  and  in  the  ocean  beach  sands,  is 
bright  and  lustrous  and  entirely  free  from  coat- 
ing; it  all  amalgamates  without  the  least  diffi* 
culty. 

Gold  In  Glacial  Channels  Elsewhere. 

Australia. — At  Billarat,  Victoria;  gold  waa 
found  from  100  to  175  feet  deep.  In  the  shafts 
sunk,  water  was  struck  at  70  feet  that  boiled 
up  like  an  arteaian  well,  in  one  instance  giving 
the  miners  scarcely  time  to  escape.  In  the 
Back  Creek  diggings,  gold  was  found  on  a  bed- 
rock  of  pipeclay  ('*  Gold  Mining  in  Auatralia," 
John  Manning,  Overland  Monthly,  Vol.  HI, 
1869). 

The  deep  diggings  in  Bsndigo  are  thus  de- 
acribed  {"Auatralia,  Victoria.  The  Colony  and 
its  Gold  Mines,"  William  Westgarth,  Edin- 
burgh, 1853):  **The  gold  is  found  in  pipeclay, 
which  is  of  a  dazzling  whiteness.  Thia  lying  at 
a  considerable  depth,  is  made  acceasible  by 
ainkiog  vertical  shafts.  The  auriferous  matter 
ia  white  quartz  grit.  Tunnels  are  sometimes 
driven  which  require  to  be  well  timbered;  the 
auriferous  grit  is  a  diatinct  bad  from  one  to  two 
ioches  in  thicknesB;  above  this  atratum  is  a 
thick  bed  of  bowlders  and  gravel,  all  of  pure 
white  quartz,  and  all  of  them  apparently  de-. 
rived  from  the  same  original  quartz  mass. 
There  was  also  an  ocher  colored  clay." 

In  October,  1851,  at  Ballarat,  a  blue  clay  was 
discovered  from  which  the  miners  picked  out 
small  gold  nuggets  with  penknives.  At  these 
localities,  the  gold  grit  lay  on  pipeclay.  The 
true  bedrock  waa  never  reached,  and  it  was  a 
constant  theme  of  conversation  with  the  miners 
what  might  be  belofv  thia  pipeclay.  Water  was 
so  abundant  that  it  waa  impoasible  to  sink 
lower.  Ad  instance  is  related  of  a  miner  who 
sank  and  perished  in  the  quicksands  at  the  bot- 
tom of  one  of  these  ahafta. 

Channels  in  Auatralia  are  called  "gutters." 
Mr.  J.  B.  Lloyd  of  this  city,  who  mined  for 
some  time  in  that  country,  informed  me  that  at 
Ballarat  in  the  Doctor's  claim,  much  gold  waa 
taken  out  from,  a  deep  channel  ("gutter") 
which  waa  otherwiae  filled  with  gravel  and 
pipeclay. 

Switzerland. — Coxe  thua  alludes  to  the  occur- 
rence of  gold  in  the  beds  of  the  Swiss  glacial 


Mat  10,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


315 


rivers :  "  These  mounUiDa  certainly  abooad  also 
in  rich  miQes  of  gold  aod  other  metals,  a  remark- 
able quantity  of  gold-duit  being  found  in  the 
bed  01  the  Aar  and  in  the  various  torrents.  I 
can  conceive  of  nothing  more  fatal  to  the  in* 
teresti  of  S(vitzer)and  oor  more  repugnant  to 
the  liberties  of  the  people  than  to  have  theie 
gold  or  silver  mines  traced  and  opened.  A 
aadden  oveitlaw  of  riches  would  effectually 
change  and  corrupt  their  manners.  It  is  an 
inoootestabte  troth  that  the  real  power  of  a 
country  not  ambitious  of  cocquest  is  derived 
less  from  the  wealth  than  from  the  industries 
of  ita  subjects." 

British  Columhia. — It  has  recently  been  dia- 
oovered  that  the  bowlder  clays  of  the  Stikeen 
river  contain  gold  in  quantities  that  would 
make  Its  collection  by  che  hydraulic  process 
one  of  profit. 

OAi'o.— Channels  similar  to  those  of  Cali 
fornia  are  found  in  Ohio.  Gold,  too,  is  not  ab- 
sent. (Geological  Riportsof  the  State  of  Ohto, 
Vol.  I,  folio  462):  *' In  concluding  this  sub- 
jaot  it  may  be  remarked  that  the  rooky  djor  of 
the  conntry  is  exceedingly  irregular,  full  of  ab- 
rupt declivities  and  deep  gorges  that  are  either 
wholly  or  partly  concealed  in  the  drift  de- 
posits." 

(Geological  Survey  of  Ohio,  1S74,  folio  70): 
"Id  186S,  seveateen  dollars  worth  of  gold  waa 
taken  from  Bowling  Green  township,  a  mile 
north  of  Brown&ville,  from  glacial  drift;  the 
largest  pieces  were  the  size  of  grains  of  wheat. 
In  Licking  coanty,  Prof.  Andrews  reports  the 
quantity  of  gold  is  small,  bat  in  my  experi- 
ments nearly  every  panful  showed  the  color. 
There  is  a  range  of  terraces  about  50  feet  abcve 
the  bed  of  Licking  river.  These  terraces  are 
out  through  by  small  streams  from  the  south, 
and  in  the  narrow  ravines  gold  Is  obtained 
from  the  sands  and  clay.  A  jeweler  in  New- 
ark foand  gold  in  small  fragments  of  quartz." 
Prof.  Orton  writes,  folio  71:  "A  few  years 
since,  the  Olermont  gold  mines  attracted  a 
■hort-Hved  notoriety.  *  •  *  Olermont 
county  has  no  monopoly  of  the  gold-bearing 
formation  of  Ohio.  •  •  •  This  formation 
should  be  called  the  drift  gold-field  rather  than 
the  Clermont  county  gold-field.  •  *  •  With- 
out doubt  one  locality  is  as  good  as  another 
where  gravels  have  been  washed  from  the 
bowlder  clay." 

Renewed  attention  has  lately  been  drawn  to 
this  locality  and  subject.  The  following  is  cut 
from  a  recent  newspaper: 

**  Gold  in  Ohio.— A  special  from  Cincinnati 
says:  For  several  years  gold  In  tmall  quanli- 
ties  has  been  found  in  Clermont  county  in  this 
State,  not  mors  than  20  miles  from  Oinncin- 
nati.  Inexperienced  men  have  worked  over 
the  ground  at  intervals.  About  a  week  ago 
two  experienced  miners  who  had  received  soec- 
imens  of  the  ore  from  the  farm  of  John  Wood 
in  Olermont  coanty,  looked  over  the  ground 
thoroughly,  and  went  to  work.  They  say  a 
discovery  like  that  they  have  made  anywhere 
in  the  regions  of  the  West,  would  attract  2000 
miners  in  48  hours.  Until  the  arrival  of  these 
miners,  no  attempts  were  made  to  tunnel  into 
the  hill  where  the  gold  was  found.  So  confi- 
dent are  the  miners  that  they  have  struck  a 
rich  lead  that  they  have  perfected  plans  to  sink 
a  shaft  and  at  once  begin  tunneling  to  the  spot 
whence  the  surface  gold  comes." 

Indiana— QoXd  in  the  Glacial  Drift  in  Indi- 
ana (First  Annual  Report  of  the  iState  O.ol- 
ogist,  1869,  folio  190):  "  Gold  has  been  found 
in  Franklin  aonnty  in  Sein  creek.  A  common 
pailfal  of  gravel  and  sand  yielded  two  to  three 
particles  of  gold  in  thin  scales  never  larger 
than  a  grain  of  wheat.  The  yellow  clay  is 
mixed  with  quartz  and  chert  and  associated 
with  black  sand.  The  whole  of  Greene  county 
is  covered  with  glacial  drift." 

(Sixth  Annual  Report,  1S75,  E.  T.  Cox,  State 
Geologist,  folio  107):  "Gold  is  found  in  the 
beds  of  creeks  that  flow  into  Beanblosaom. 
The  gold  is  24  carats;  this  fineness  is  owing  to 
the  beating  and  fquetzing  to  which  it  was  sub- 
jected under  the  ice.  *  *  *  The  total 
yield,  according  to  one  authority,  was  $2900, 
and  by  another,  SlO.OOO.  The  largest  nugget 
found  was  worth  $1,10." 

(Seventh  Annual  Report,  1876,  E.  T.  Cox, 
State  Geologist,  folio  178):  **  Gold  is  found  in 
the  bed  ot  Muscatacuok  with  black  sand 
washed  down  from  the  glacial  drift  of  the  up- 
lands. A  small  per  cent  of  gold  is  mingled 
with  the  drift  throughout  the  State.  In  North- 
ington  county,  the  drift  covers  the  entire  area, 
from  100  to  150  feet  thick." 

(Eighth,  Ninth  and  Tenth  Annual  Reports, 
1879,  E.  T.  Cox)  refer  to  a  great  glacier  which 
terminated  at  the  Ohio  river.  In  describing  an 
experimental  washing.  Prof.  C^x  thus  wrote: 
"  Bat  if  hydraulic  mining  could  be  resorted  to, 
it  is  possible  that  considerable  gold  might  be 
washed  out." 

A  paper  on  glacial  deposits  in  Boone  county, 
Kentucky,  is  quoted  in  full:  "Several  dia- 
monds have  been  found;  one  weighed  four  car- 
ats. In  Morgan  county,  as  early  as  1837,  D. 
D.  Owens  studied  the  gold  mines  of  Baanblos- 
som  creek  and  reported  on  them.  ' 

(Thirteenth  Annual  Raport,  1883,  John  Col- 
lett,  State  Geologist,  folio  81):  "In  1850,  some 
returned  Californiana  observed  some  black  sand 
magnetite  in  ravines  in  Brown  and  Morgan 
counties,  which  they  prospected  for  gold. 
Skillful  panners  could  obtain  from  $2  to  $3  per 
day  for  several  weeks.  The  gold  was  in  thin 
scales  or  almost  invisible  grains;  it  paid  from 
50  cents  to  SI  per  day.  The  gold  was  in  gla- 
cial drift."  According  to  the  same  author,  this 
drift  covers  thonaands  of  iquare  miles  from  10 
to  500   feet  in   depth.     He  describes  a  glacial 


formation   much    like   those  in   Cilifornia,   in 
which  are  imbedded  bowlders  of  great  aize, 

Obannel  FlUlDE-Mloerals. 

Graphite  (carbon)  is  found  in  some  localities 
with  plaoer  gold.  The  only  important  locality 
known  is  Tuolumne  county  near  Sonora,  where 
it  has  been  mined  to  a  limited  extent. 

Gypsum  (sulphate  of  lime  and  water). — 
While  this  mineral  is  abundant  in  the  State,  it 
is  rare  in  the  placer  minee.  It  is  of  too  fragile 
a  nature  to  resist  the  forces  thatcrnshed  harder 
minerals. 

Ilmenite  (titaniferons  iron)  Js  frequently  a 
portion  ol  the  concentrates  both  of  the  drift 
and  hydraulic  mines,  more  so  in  louthern 
ooanties  than  in  the  north. 

Iridium,  platinum  and  platinirlJimn,  gener- 
ally asaooiaked,  occur  in  oonsiderable  quantities 
in  numerous  localities  in  California.  They 
would  probably  not  have  been  known  had 
there  been  no  gold  mining.  The  miners  often 
call  these  metals  "  white  gold  "  and  can  with 
dilH:}ulty  be  made  to  believe  them  otherwise. 
Platinum  is  more  abundant  In  the  northern 
mines  than  in  those  more  southerly,  yet  Butte 
county,  a  central  one,  is  a  noted  locality.  It 
is  quite  abundant  at  Cherokee  and  at  St.  Olair 
Plat  near  Pences,  and  is  found  with  gold  in  the 
beach  sands  at  Lompoo,  Santa  Barbara  county. 

Lead. — Metallic  lead  is  frequently  and  even 
geneialty  found  in  cleaning  up  hydraulic  mines 
in  Oalifornia,  but  it  all  comes  from  shot  and 
bullets  which  have  fallen  on  the  surface  of  the 
ground  and  been  washed  down  into  the 
claims. 

Lignite  (^emi'Coal). — Trunks  of  trees  changed 
to  lignite  are  fr(<|uently  piped  out  of  the  banks 
in  hydraulic  mining. 

Limonite  (hydrous  seEqnioxide  of  iron). — 
This  mineral  in  a  variety  of  forms  is  quite 
abundant  both  in  the  drift  and  hydraulic 
mines,  so  much  so  that  at  some  localities  the 
accumulations  of  yellow  ooher  have  been  ex 
tensively  mined,  and  the  product  sold  as  a 
pigment.  The  quality  is  very  fine,  some  va- 
rieties being  equal  to  the  best  Roman  ocher. 
Most  of  the  coior  of  the  slickens  is  due  to  the 
presence  of  this  mineral.  The  Georgia  "  brick- 
bat" is  largely  composed  of  limonite,  which  is 
true  of  a  similar  deposit  common  in  the  deep 
placers  of  Plumas  and  Sierra  counties. 

Magnetite  (magnetic  iron  ore). — This  mineral 
is  also  abundant  at  the  same  localities,  and  in 
all  plaoer  mines  in  the  State  in  the  form  of 
black  sand,  and  in  rolled  masses  and  large 
bowlders  in  the  hydranlio  mines.  It  is  almost 
impossible  to  pan  out  a  prospect  of  dirt  in  any 
of  the  placer  districts  of  the  State  without  find- 
ing some  of  the  so-called  black  sand,  even  when 
no  gold  is  found  in  the  pan. 

Orthoclase  (sodA  feldspar)  occurs  not  in  abun- 
dance and  seldom  free,  in  the  hydraulic  minee; 
it  is  generally  one  of  the  constituents  of  rocks, 
most  frequently  pegmatite.  It  is  rather  com- 
mon in  San  Diego  county,  and  has  been  ob- 
served iu  Blackhawk  canyon,  San  Bernardino 
county.  I  know  of  no  instance  of  its  occur- 
rence in  the  deep  drift  mines. 

Pyrite  (bisulphide  of  iron)  — This  mineral  is 
very  abundant  in  the  bedrocks  underlying  the 
deep  placers  and  in  quartz  veins.  It  has  con- 
tributed a  large  part  if  not  all  the  iron  in  the 
limonites  and  other  ferruginous  channel  miner- 
als. It  is  sometimes  found  free,  but  not  in 
very  large  proportion.  It  occurs  in  crystals  in 
the  carbonized  woods  and  becomes  a  part  of 
the  cementing  mineral  which  in  some  locali- 
ties chaoges  the  loose  gravels  into  conglomer- 
ates. Its  mineralogioal  character  is  such  that 
it  cannot  remain  long  without  change,  nor  conld 
it  resist  the  conditions  whioh  existed  in  the 
glacial  channels  during  the  ice  period.  Crys- 
tals of  limonite  after  pyrite  frtquently  occur  in 
the  bedrocks  near  the  surface,  which  being 
broken,  show  a  central  portion  of  the  original 
mineral.  These  crystals  are  generally  rich  in 
gold,  which  can  be  very  plainly  seen  on  the 
fractured  surfaces  when  examined  under  a  mi- 
croscope objective  of  moderate  power.  Some 
of  these  crystals  are  very  interesting.  Crys- 
tals of  pyrite  are  sometimes  found  on  which 
little  bosses  of  gold  have  been  deposited  with- 
out any  regularity.  These  are  wholly  superficial 
and  evidently  more  recent  than  the  crystals. 

Pyroluiite  (binoxide  of  manganest)  — This  is 
a  rare  mineral  in  the  gold  channels.  The  only 
instance  coming  under  my  observation  was  in 
the  hydraulic  mine  at  Sweetlaud,  Nevada  coun- 
ty. Argentine  and  Momford  Hill  in  Plumas 
county  are  reputed  localities. 

Serpentine  (hydrous  silicate  of  magnesia)  — 
While  serpentine  rocks  are  common  and  abun- 
dant in  the  gold  regions  of  the  State,  they  are 
BO  soft  that  they  soon  wear  away;  when  broken, 
masses  assume  the  form  of  temporary  bowlders 
For  this  reason  they  are  rare  in  the  uncovered 
channels  and  wholly  absent  from  the  deep 
placers. 

Stream  Tin  (cassiterite,  oxide  of  tin). — 
While  it  has  beun  aonounced  that  this  mineral 
has  been  found  in  the  gold  plaoera  of  Califor- 
nia. I  know  of  no  instance  of  its  occurrence. 

Water  is  very  abundant  in  all  the  deep 
placers  of  the  middle  counties,  so  much  so  that 
it  is  next  to  impossible  to  work  the  mines  by 
shafts.  Mr.  James  E.  Mills  read  a  paper  be- 
fore the  American  Institute  of  Mining  Engi- 
neers at  the  Chicago  meeting  of  1884,  in  which 
he  gave  an  interesting  account  of  difficulties  he 
met  with  in  sinking  a  shaft  in  American  valley, 
Plumas  county.  At  14  fent  below  the  snrface, 
the  inflow  of  water  was  67  cubic  feet  per  min- 
ute. Similar  experience  has  been  made  time 
and  again  In  drift  mining  until  it  is  now  the 
rule  to  drive  a   tunnel  often  more  than  a  mile 


in   length    rather  than    attempt   to   work  the 
claim  by  a  shallow  shaft. 

Zircon  (eilioate  of  ziroonia). — Zircon  has 
never  been  found  in  place  In  California,  but  is 
common  both  in  the  deep  and  shallow  placers. 
The  localities  are  so  numerous  that  it  is  not 
worth  while  to  enumerate  them.  Zircon  sand 
is  so  abundant  that  if  it  had  a  fixed  valne,  tons 
of  these  minnte  crystals  could  have  been  gath- 
ered duriog  the  era  of  hydraulic  mining.  The 
crystals  are  so  small  that  one  not  familiar  with 
the  mineral  would  mistake  them  for  a  rather 
peculiar  sand.  But  when  placed  nnder  the 
mlcroMOope,  their  perfection  la  revealed,  and 
they  are  seen  to  be  beautiful  doubly  terminated 
crystals.  Their  hardness  is  so  great  that  they 
have  successfully  resisted  the  forces  that  ground 
softer  minerals  to  a  powder.  I  have  recently 
found  ziioon  crystals  with  gold  in  the  Monte- 
zuma mine  at  Sulphur  Creek,  Oolusa  county; 
but  ai  the  formation  is  nndoabtedly  sediment- 
ary, the  zircons  cannot  be  said  to  be  in  place, 
but  were  presumably  deposited  with  the  sands 
and  silts  in  the  bed  of  an  ancient  ocean. 

Oreanlc  Remains  and  the  Work  of  Human 
Hands  Id  the  Deep  Placers. 

Animal  and  vegetable  remains  are  not  uncom- 
mon in  the  deep  placers  of  California,  but  I 
have  been  unable  to  obtain  positive  proof  of  the 
discovery  of  any  implements  used  by  man,  in 
gravels  covered  by  so-calkd  lava,  nor  human  re- 
mains in  auriferous  deposits  in  place,  in  any  part 
of  the  State.  I  have  for  years  kept  this  matter  in 
view  and  eagerly  sought  information  when  in- 
stances were  announced,  but  I  have  always  met 
with  an  insurmountable  doubt  when  the  evi- 
dence obtainable  was  carefully  considered  and 
Investigated.  I  am  aware  that  others  hold  a 
contrary  opinion,  but  I  can  only  state  my  own 
experience. 

Prehistoric  relics  have  been  found  in  river- 
beds very  many  times,  and  on  the  bedrock  of 
hydraulic  mines  frequently,  but  this  does  not 
by  any  means  prove  chat  they  were  placed  there 
by  man.  On  the  contrary,  it  may  be  assumed 
that  they  were  used  and  left  on  the  recent  sur- 
face and  have  fallen  to  the  bedrock  as  the 
banks  were  piped  away  in  the  course  of  mining 
by  that  well-known  process. 

Instances  have  been  recorded  and  seemingly 
substantiated  in  which  they  have  baen  taken 
out  of  the  gravel,  but  always,  as  far  as  I  can 
gather,  from  or  beneath  a  talus,  and  not  in  the 
undisturbed  lava-capped  gravels  of  the  glacial 
channels. 

Prof.  Blake  held  the  same  opinion;  for  in  a 
letter  quoted  in  the  Mining  and  Scientific 
Press,  Vol.  21,  Fol.  26,  he  thus  wrote:  "Aa 
the  reported  finding  by  Dr.  Snell  of  the  stone 
implements  under  the  lava  oannot  be  verified 
by  any  one  who  has  long  resided  near  and 
worked  in  the  tunnels,  I  am  disposed  to  con- 
clude that  Dr.  Snell'a  relics  have  been  washed 
out  of  earth  taken  from  the  outer  slopes  or 
margins  of  the  lava  capping,  and  that  they  are 
not  as  ancient  as  he  believed  them  to  be." 

The  most  common  organic  remains  found  in 
the  gravels  are  vegetable,  and  consist  of  the 
trunks  of  trees  and  leaves  which  have  been 
frequently  referred  to  in  this  paper.  Another 
instance  is  stated  by  Mr.  W.  S.  Chapman,  who 
informs  me  that  in  the  Ploueer  mine  between 
Slate  and  oanyon  creeks,  Plumas  county,  lying 
near  the  bedrock,  a  sandy  stratum  of  pipeclay 
is  found  in  which  are  interstratified  leaves  so 
perfect  that  when  exposed  to  sunlight  and  heat 
they  curl  up  as  recent  leaves  would  under 
similar  circumstances.  Whole  trees  changed  to 
lignite  are  found  on  the  same  bedrock. 

Burled  forests  exist  in  thn  glacial  drift  of 
Ohio  (Geological  report,  1870).  In  sinking 
wells,  leaves,  branches  and  trunks  are  met 
with  at  consielerable  depth-  They  are  gener- 
ally red  cedar.  A  specimen  recently  sent  me 
from  this  locality  still  retains  the  odor  of  that 
wood.  In  Highland  county  the  water  from 
some  of  the  wells  is  ncfit  for  domestic  use, 
from  saturation  with  organic  matter.  The  fol 
lowiog  memorandum  was  sent  to  me  by  Mr.  D. 
A.  McOord  with  the  specimen  mentioned  above: 
"  Found  iu  the  bottom  of  the  glacial  drift  on 
the  high  benches  of  the  Talawanda  near  Ox- 
ford. This  is  the  only  tree  found  in  its 
natural  state.  I  dug  it  up  myself  and  know 
there  is  no  deception.  The  other  piece  repre- 
sents the  trees  and  timber  found  all  through 
the  drift  which  is  in  a  chaotic  state." 

Full-grown  trees  in  the  glacial  drift  of  Cali- 
fornia, Ohio  and  elsewhere  prove  that  the 
glaciers,  extensive  as  they  no  doubt  were,  did 
not  wholly  cover  the  land,  but  that  trees 
matured  in  apite  of  them.  In  California,  all 
trees  so  found  are  either  wholly  silloified  or 
carbonized  to  lignite.  They  are  generally 
conifers,  those  silicifisd  showing  sometimes  the 
oharacteristic  markings.  A  single  tropical 
palm  of  considerable  dimensions  was  found  in 
Nevada  county  in  a  hydraulic  mine.  This 
seems  to  prove  that  during  the  Ufa  of  the  Cali- 
fornia glaciers,  such  trees  grew  in  some  part  of 
the  world,  although  this  one  may  have  drifted 
in  the  sea  and  been  cast  on  the  ice-bound  coast 
of  our  State,  as  similar  trees  are  now  cast  on 
the  shores  of  Alaska  by  the  Japanese  currents. 
Microscopic  eections  from  this  tree  are  a  very 
interesting  study. 

The  reactions  that  cause  the  silicification  of 
wood  are  not  very  well  understood.  The 
change  is  so  complete  in  the  Oalifornia  petrifac- 
tions that  no  organic  matter  remains,  but  that 
the  changes  are  gradual  is  proved  by  a  speci- 
men in  a  museum  in  Stockholm,  Sweden,  seen 
and  thus  described  by  Thomas  Thomson 
("Travels  in  Sweden  in  1812,"  fol.  105):  "One 
of  the  greatest  curiosities  in  the  cabinet  of   the 


College  of  Mines  was  a  large  specimen.  It  oon- 
sists  of  a  large  piece  of  a  tree;  in  the  center  it 
is  perfect  wood:  as  we  approach  the  circumfer- 
ence it  becomes  more  and  more  petrified,  and 
there  is  a  zone  more  than  two  inches  thick  of 
perfect  wood  stone.  This  apeoimen  has  been 
long  in  Stockholm.  Mr.  Hjelm  knew  nothing 
of  Ita  history  except  that  it  came  from  China." 

Prof.  T.  Sterry  Hunt,  at  a  meeting  of  the 
American  Institute  of  Mining  Kogineers  heldin 
New  Y'ork,  referred  to  a  paper  ou  this  subject 
by  himself,  and  expressed  the  opinion  that  the 
woody  tissues  were  "successively  filled  and  re- 
placed by  silica  which  is  set  free  in  a  soluble 
form  by  the  decay  of  the  silicates  in  the 
gravels." 

The  lignites  are  in  a  very  singular  condition. 
One  specimen,  to  whioh  my  attention  was  called 
by  Mr.  J.  A.  Edman  of  Plumas  county,  seemed 
to  be,  when  first  found,  a  maas  of  black  matter 
which  out  like  tallow  but  hardened  on  expos- 
ure. It  is  to  all  appearance  perfectly  amor* 
phous,  but  on  being  cleanly  dressed  by  plan- 
ing, the  wooden  texture  appears,  and  so  per- 
fectly that  the  specimen  thus  prepared  seems  a 
block  of  wood  blackened  to  resemble  the  bog 
oak  of  Ireland.  This  specimen  is  so  interesting 
that  it  is  a  pity  it  cannot  be  seen  by  more  of 
those  interested  in  such  matters. 


The  Irrigation  Surveys. 

Those  who  have  looked  forward  to  speedy 
results  from  the  iuoeption  of  surveying  for  ir- 
rigation of  arid  lands  by  the  Geological  Survey 
will  be  sorry  to  learn  that  the  work  must  stop, 
temporarily  at  least,  unless  the  present  Con- 
gress makes  provision  at  once  for  its  continua- 
tion. It  seems  that  there  is  considerable  differ- 
ence of  opinion  among  the  Washington  Solons 
as  to  what  stepa  the  Government  should  tske. 
Intimation  of  this  has  been  had  from  time  to 
time  by  telegraph,  but  a  better  view  is  given 
of  the  situation  by  Wm.  Hammond  Hall,  who 
is  in  charge  of  the  west  division  reaching  from 
Utah  to  the  Pacific.  In  an  interview  with  a 
Chronicle  reporter,  Mr.  Hall  is  represented  aa 
making  the  following  statements: 

"  Work  has  been  practically  suspended  and 
will  not  be  resumed  until  some  favorable  legis- 
lation by  Congress.  All  the  work  here  is  be- 
ing done  by  one  olerk  and  myself.  I  have 
plenty  to  engage  my  own  time  in  the  engineer- 
ing problems  developed  in  the  surveys  of  last 
year.  A  party  of  three  or  four  engineers  and 
hydrographers  are  doing  some  gauging  work  on 
the  Carson  and  Truckee  rivers,  and  similar  par- 
ties are  at  work  on  the  Snake,  Feton  and  Fall 
rivers  in  Idaho  and  In  Utah  and  Arizona. 
That  is  all  that  has  been  done  since  November. 
The  last  appropriation  is  practically  exhansted, 
and  the  prospects  of  the  work  are  in  a  very 
muddled  state.  There  seems  to  be  considerable 
difference  of  opinion  between  some  of  the  mem- 
bers of  the  Arid  Lands  Committee  and  Director 
Powell  of  the  survey  as  to  how  the  survey 
should  be  conducted,  and  there  are  also  differ- 
ences of  opinion  among  Senators  and  Kepre- 
sentatives  generally.  I  believe  some  of  the 
Arid  Lands  Committee  think  that  Director 
Powell  has  been  making  it  too  much  of  a  scien- 
tific survey  in  place  of  a  plain,  ordinary  irri- 
gation survey,  Mr.  Powell's  ultimate  policy 
is  set  forth  in  the  Reagan  bill,  which  is  one  of 
the  four  or  five  bills  which  have  been  intro- 
duced. The  opponents  of  that  view  generally 
support  Plumb's  bill.  Seme  are  in  favor  of 
turning  the  survey  over  to  the  Agricultural 
Department;  some  want  the  arid  lands  turned 
over  to  the  States  and  Territories,  and  among 
the  other  problems  involved  are  the  questions 
as  to  whether  the  Government  shall  direct  the 
survey  and  legislate  regarding  irrigation  and 
water  rights,  and  what  that  legislation  shall  be. 
These  differences  of  opinion  regarding  the 
Bcope,  character  and  ultimate  policy  of  the  sur- 
vey are  the  reason  for  the  backwardness  of 
the  work. 

It  is  unfortunate  for  this  work  that  this  is 
the  case,  for  twice  as  much  work  could  be  done 
in  the  next  90  days  as  in  the  90  days  following. 
The  weather  would  be  more  favorable,  and  the 
next  90  days  is  the  only  time  of  the  year  to 
study  the  flow  of  streams." 

We  trust  that  eomethiug  will  be  speedily 
done  by  Congress,  so  that  the  short  season  for 
field-work  may  not  be  permitted  to  pass  with- 
out progress. 

Advantages  of  Advertising. 

The  advantages  of  advertising  were  never, 
perhaps,  better  illustrated  than  in  a  recent  in- 
cident connected  with  the  Pelton  Water  Wheel 
Co.  of  this  city.  A  letter  of  inquiry  from  South 
Africa  was  not  long  ago  received  by  this  com- 
pany bearing  the  indefinite  inscription,  "  Mann- 
factnrere  of  the  Pelton  Water  Wheel,  United 
States  of  North  America,"  and  it  came  straight 
through  to  destination  as  promptly  as  though 
it  had  borne  every  particular  of  the  address 
down  to  street  and  number. 

The  company  referred  to,  having  a  wheel  of 
extraordinary  merit,  have  availed  themselves  of 
the  advantages  the  Mining  and  Scientific 
Press  and  other  newspapers  offer  to  advise  the 
general  public  of  this  fact,  as  well  as  of  their 
whereabouts,  with  the  result  that  even  the 
postoffice  clerks  know  just  where  to  send  a  mis- 
directed letter.  It  may  also  be  stated  in  this 
connection  that  the  inquiry  above  referred  to 
resulted  in  a  valuable  order  as  soon  as  the  de* 
sired  information  conld  be  obtained. 


316 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Mat  10,  1890 


IQlNlJ^G   gUMMAF^Y, 

The  (oUowIng  la  mostly  condensed  from  jonmala  publiahed 
in  fche  interior,  in  proximity  to  the  minea  mentioned. 


CALIFORNIA. 

Amador. 

Amador  Gold  MitiE..— Ledger,  Mays:  There 
are  12  men  working  underground.  The  rock- 
breaker  is  being  received  at  the  mill;  the  heaviest 
piece,  said  to  vt-eigh  about  four  tons,  is  still  at  lone, 
but  an  effort  will  be  made  in  a  few  days  to  haul  it. 
The  date  for  starting  the  mill,  owing  to  unforeseen 
delays  in  regard  to  the  track  and  other  matters, 
is  fixed  for  the  15th  of  the  month. 

Newton  Copper  Mine.  —  Very  little  is  said 
about  this  property,  but  work  is  being  carried  on 
all  the  time,  sufficient  to  enable  shipments  of  ore 
averaging  8  tons  per  month  to  be  made.  They 
are  still  working  on  the  large  pile  of  ore  on  the 
dumps,  and  there  is  enough  out  to  run  them  a  long 
time  yet.  Only  two  men  are  employed  in  the 
process  of  transforming  the  ore  into  copper.  Scrap 
tin  is  still  employed  in  the  sluices  instead  of  iron 
formerly  used,  not  because  it  more  readily  causes 
the  precipitation  of  the  copper^  but  because  it  is 
much  easier  handled.  It  can  be  turned  over  in  the 
boxes  by  means  of  forks,  without  necessitating  con- 
tact with  the  hands,  which  the  heavy  iron  pieces 
involved.  As  much  as  25  tons  of  refuse  tin  has 
been  received  at  a  time  from  San  Francisco  for 
these  works. 

Miscellaneous.  —  The  work  of  changing  the 
concentrators  at  the  New  London  mill  is  just  com- 
pleted. A  new  style  of  concentrator  was  tried, 
and  the  mill  was  equipped  throughout  with  the 
new-fangled  thing.  They  have  proved  unsatisfac- 
tory, and  have  been  cast  aside  to  be  replaced  with 
the  old  reliable  Frue.  A  cave  occurred  in  the  shaft 
of  the  South  Spring  Hill  mine  early  this  week,  in- 
volving two  set  of  timbers.  The  men  were  laid  off 
one  day.  The  trouble  was  not  serious,  and  every- 
thing is  now  in  running  order  again.  Taking  out 
the  water  at  the  Hardenburg  mine  at  Middle  Bar 
is  proceeding  slowly.  The  flow  of  water  is  very 
strong.  It  is  reported  that  a  crushing  of  loo  tons 
of  rock  from  the  Drytown  Consolidated  mine  will 
be  made  at  the  Cosmopolitan  mill.  The  large  cast- 
ing of  the  rock-breaker  for  the  Amador  mine  was 
brought  from  lone  on  Wednesday  by  Chichizola's 
team  of  10  animals.     It  weighed  from  6  to  7  tons. 

Sutter  Creek.— Cor.  Ledger,  May  3:  The 
mining  outlook  is  improving  steadily.  There  is 
talk  of  adding  20  more  stamps  to  the  Wildman. 
The  development  of  the  mine  would  seem  to  justify 
this  enlargement  of  the  milling  capacity.  Sinking 
at  the  North  Star  is  progressing  satisfactorily;  the 
nature  of  the  ground  is  such  that  they  are  able  to 
make  fair  headway.  The  rock  that  is  being  ex- 
tracted from  the  Lincoln  is  improving  in  quality. 
Fresno. 
Quartz  and  Placer. — Visalia  Delta,  May  4: 
Mr.  Rowland  intends  leaving  for  his  gold  mine  in 
Fresno  county  in  a  few  days.  His  partner  in  the 
mine,  James  Bridgers,  is  in  town  this  week.  The 
mine  is  located  on  Laurel  creek,  65  miles  from 
Fresno.  It  is  both  a  quartz  and  placer  mine.  At  a 
cleanup  a  few  days  ago,  $285  worth  of  free  gold  Was 
taken  out.  Mr.  Rowland  is  quite  sanguine  over  his 
prospects.  He  is  satisfied  that  they  can  wash  out 
from  $15  to  $30  worth  of  gold  a  day  now.  Snow- 
banks have  to  be  crossed  yet  in  order  to  reach  the 
mine. 

Inyo. 
Fish  Spring  Hill.  —  Inyo  Independent,  May  3: 
Henry  Melone  and  C.  L.  Fuller  have  sunk  50  feet 
on  the  ledge  recently  discovered  by  them  at  Fish 
Spring  hill.  A  crosscut  of  25  feet  has  not  reached 
the  hanging-wall  of  the  ledge.  An  old  miner  who 
visited  the  mine  lately  says  the  great  body  of  ore  in 
sight  will  average  $15  per  ton  in  gold.  The  ore  can 
be  worked  very  cheaply. 

.Gavilan. — Archie  Farrington  had  men  at  work 
some  weeks  past  prospecting  the  Gavilan  mine. 
The  men  were  stopped  from  work  last  Tuesday,  as 
nothing  is  in  sight  that  would  warrant  doing  more. 
Cerro  Gordo.— Nothing  but  prospecting  is  re- 
ported from  Cerro  Gordo.  No  ore  is  being  taken 
out  except  by  a  very  few  tributers,  who  are  working 
on  claims  belonging  to  the  company,  and  these  are 
not  taking  out  much. 

Saline  Valley. — W.  C.  Chapin  got  back  to 
town  last  Tuesday  from  Saline  valley.  He  spent 
about  two  weeks  over  there  examining  mines.  He 
is  well  satisfied  with  several  prospects  he  examined. 
Mr.  Chapin  spent  some  time  at  the  borax  works  of 
Conn  &:  Trudo,  and  is  fully  satisfied  that  they  have 
a  property  of  great  value. 

MiNNiETTA. — The  ore  body  recently  struck  in  the 
Minnietta  mine,  Modoc  district,  by  J.  J.  Gunn,  is 
reported  to  be  opening  up  better  every  day.  A 
miner  who  came  in  yesterday  was  at  the  mine  last 
Tuesday,  and  says  it  is  a  fine-looking  body  of  ore. 
Frank  Fitzgerald  is  shipping  an  average  of  a  carload 
of  ore  each  week.  The  ore  is  reported  to  net  $100 
a  ton.  In  the  mine  at  Lookout,  Mr.  Fitzgerald  is 
reported  to  have  a  fine-looking  body  of  ore  in  sight. 
At  both  these  camps  more  men  are  wanted;  12  or 
more  good  miners  would  at  once  be  employed,  and 
at  least  an  equal  number  of  men  are  wanted  to  work 
outside. 

The  Jigging  Process.— Inyo  Independent,  May 
3:  The  process  of  jigging  low-grade  lead-silver  ores, 
though  long  practiced  in  other  regions,  is  only  be- 
ginning to  be  generally  used  in  Inyo  county.  An  im- 
proved machine  was  delivered  at  Keeler  last  Wednes- 
day, for  use  in  the  Defiance  mine  at  Darwin ,  At  this 
mine  there  is  ore  enough  on  the  damp  and  in  sight 
in  the  mine  to  supply  30  tons  of  good  jigging  ore 
every  day  for  an  entire  year.  The  ore  alter  leaving 
the  machine  will  average  $120  per  ton.  After  de- 
ducting all  expenses  of  mining,  jigging,  shipping  to 
San  Francisco,  and  working,  the  ore  will  leave  a  net 
profit  of  $60  per  ton.  Hitherto  only  the  richest  of 
the  ores  have  been  taken  from  Inyo  county  mines, 
and  these  were  picked  by  hand,  thus  greatly  increas- 
ing the  expense.  In  ledges  10  or  over  20  feet  thick, 
a  vein  of  a  few  inches  of  high-grade  ore  was  all  that 
was  taken  out  for  shipment;  the  vast  mass  that  re- 
mained was  all  lost.  By  the  jigging  process  hand- 
picking  is  all  done  away  with;  all  the  ore  is  taken 
out  and  the  metal  saved.  This  will  make  a  very 
great  change  in  our  whole  system  of  mining.  Many 
more  men  will  be  employed,  making  much  greater 
demand  for  all  kinds  of  farm  produce,  and  mines 
will  be  worked  that  under  the  old  wasteful  way 


would  not  pay  expenses,  not  to  speak  of  leaving  any 
profit.  This  improvement  will  lead  to  much  greater 
development  of  mines  and  so  increase  the  probabili- 
ties of  finding  immense  bodies  of  rich  ore,  such  as 
that  found  at  Cerro  Gordo  years  ago.  Mr.  Reddy 
says  he  will  use  all  the  profits  from  the  jigging  proc- 
ess at  the  Defiance  in  further  development  of  the 
mine. 

Nevada. 
The  New  Find  in  the  Idaho.  —  Grass  Valley 
Union,  May  2:  The  new  ore  body  recently  opened 
up  on  the  lyih  level  of  the  Idaho  mine  gives  no 
signs  of  "  petering  out,"  as  the  drift  has  been  run 
into  it  a  distance  of  30  feet  and  the  ore  continues  of 
the  same  character,  being  highly  sulphureted  and 
prospecting  finely  in  gold.  This  ore  body  has  strong 
alternate  mineral  streaks  a  foot  or  more  in  width, 
and  white  quartz,  but  both  the  quartz  and  the  min- 
eralized ore  contain  gold,  although  the  quartz 
streaks  are  not  as  rich  as  the  other  in  the  precious 
metal.  In  drifting,  the  whole  of  the  vein  is  not  be- 
ing taken  out,  as  it  is  too  wide,  but  crosscuts  will  be 
made  as  the  drift  progresses  to  determine  whether 
the  vein  holds  its  present  width.  Appearances  now 
are  that  this  is  a  well-defined  ore  body  and  not 
merely  a  bunch,  as  was  at  first  supposed. 

Placer. 

On  the  Divide. — Placer  Herald,  May  2:  A. 
Breece  called  on  us  while  on  his  way  from  Bath  to 
Sin  Francisco  last  Wednesday.  He  tells  us  that  the 
Breece  &  Wheeler  mine  is  panning  out  its  usual 
handsome  returns.  The  gravel  is  running  over  $30 
to  the  cir,  and  for  the  month  of  April  they  will  de- 
clare a  dividend  of  $io,oco,  or  $5000  for  each  of  the 
owners.  The  Hidden  Treasure  mine  at  Sunny  South, 
he  tells  us,  according  to  his  information,  is  keeping 
up  its  old-time  reputation  for  richness.  At  the  May- 
flower, he  understood,  they  were  running  drifts  and 
opening  up  in  good  shape. 

Sbaeta. 
Dry  Process. — Redding  Free  Press,  May  3; 
The  working  of  ores  dry,  it  is  thought  by  some,  will 
soon  take  the  place  of  wet  working.  The  new  re- 
duction works  now  being  built  at  Redding  are  for 
dry  working  entirely.  The  Calumet  Co,  will  start 
its  new  dry-working  mill  on  Monday,  the  5th  of 
May.  This  mill  is  for  working  ores  by  the  Paul 
dry  amalgamating  process,  which  gave  such  large 
results  over  wet  battery  work  last  year. 
Sierra. 

Red  Oak.  —  Mountain  Messenger,  May  2  :  Jo 
Lavezzola.  in  accordance  with  instructions  by  tele- 
graph from  Carson,  Nevada,  has  put  on  a  new  force 
of  men  at  the  Red  Oak  drift  mine. 
Trinity. 
Junction  City.— Cor.  Trinity  Journah  May  4 
Most  of  the  mines  are  and  have  been  running 
steadily  throughout  the  winter,  except  the  Red  Hill 
gold  mine,  which  receives  its  supply  of  water  from 
Canyon  creek,  the  delay  being  caused  by  the  heavy 
fall  of  snow  at  the  head  of  the  ditch  and  numerous 
breaks  and  sUdes.  Although  the  work  of  repair- 
ing the  damage  has  been  going  on  for  the  last  two 
months,  the  water  was  not  turned  on  till  within  the 
past  week.  Good  work  can  yet  be  done  in  the 
mine,  as  the  season  will  be  much  longer  than  usual. 
All  the  mines  are  doing  well  with  the  expectations 
of  more  than  the  average  amount  of  bullion  at  the 
final  roundup. 

Large  Enterprise.— /c//r«a/,  May  3:  Supt. 
O.  P.  Powers  of  the  Lower  Trinity  Tunnel  Co.  in- 
forms us  that  everything  is  progressing  satisfac- 
torily in  his  vicinity.  He  has  30  men  getting  out 
timber,  cutting  lumber,  building  flume,  cleaning 
out  ditch,  etc,  Mr.  Powers  says  that  he  will  have 
the  water  on  the  Taylor  Flat  hydraulic  mine  by  the 
middle  of  July,  and  will  then  have  sufficient  water 
to  run  the  claim  till  the  fall  rains.  As  soon  as  the 
water  is  brought  on  the  claim  he  will  commence 
sluicing;  he  will  open  the  mine  at  the  lower  end  of 
the  flat,  and,  in  the  opinion  of  the  mining  men  ac- 
quainted with  the  ground,  will  develop  a  good  prop- 
erty. Mr.  Powers  says  that  he  thinks  the  amount 
of  water  in  the  river  will  hardly  admit  of  working 
the  river-bed  this  season,  if  it  can  be  worked  at  all 
it  will  be  late  before  the  tunnel  will  be  abIe*to  carry 
the  water  of  the  river.  Last  year,  which  was  an 
exceptionally  dry  season,  the  tunnel  did  not  carry 
the  waters  of  the  river  till  the  middle  of  July.  How- 
ever, the  company  will  not  lose  any  time,  as  it  can 
operate  extensively  on  the  Taylor  Flat  mine  this 
summer,  it  is  possible  that  work  can  be  done  on 
the  river-bed  by  September;  elevators  will  be  used 
to  work  the  bed. 

Tulare. 
Coronado.— Visalia  Delta,  May  4:  The  Coron. 
ado  mine  near  Clough's  cave  is  booming;  galena 
and  a  high  grade  of  ore  has  been  struck  at  a  depth 
of  II  feet.  The  proprietors,  J.  C.  Swickard,  M, 
P.  Lesher  and  Joe  McKimmie,  are  sinking  a  shaft 
by  the  river-side.  The  mine  is  incorporated.  M, 
P.  Lesher  of  Tulare  is  president,  E.  M.  Jefferds  of 
Visalia  secretary,  I.  T.  Bell  treasurer,  and  J.  C. 
Swickard  superintendent.  Considerable  stock  is 
being  sold  to  develop  the  mine. 

NEVADA. 

Washoe  BisCrlcc. 

Sierra  Nevada. — Virginia  Enterprise,  May  3: 
The  southwest  drift  on  the  630  level  is  still  in  a 
porphyry  formation.  This  porphyry  carries  some 
water. 

Union  Con. — East  crosscut  No.  1  on  the  1465 
level  is  being  advanced  in  porphyry,  after  having 
(last  week)  passed  through  a  seam  of  clay  about 
one  foot  in  width. 

Mexican, — West  crosscut  No.  4  on  the  1465 
level  is  in  vein  porphyry  that  carries  some  small 
seams  of  quartz. 

Utah, — The  west  drift  on  the  725  level  is  mak- 
ing fair  progress  without  change  of  material  worthy 
of  note. 

Con.  California  &  Virginia. —The  1300, 
1500  and  i6go  levels  continue  to  yield  the  usual 
quantity  of  ore.  On  the  14315  level  west  crosscut 
No.  3  from  the  main  west  drift  still  continues  in 
porphyry  and  quartz  of  a  promising  appearance. 
On  the  1600  level  some  good  ore  is  being  found  in 
the  old  stopes.  Ore  of  fair  quality  is  being  ex- 
tracted from  the  1650  level  at  several  points.  The 
usual  amount  of  ore  is  being  shipped  to  river  mill<:, 
and  the  average  assay  will  be  about  the  same  as 
last  week. 

Occidental  Con. — The  stopes  on  the  400  and 
450  levels  are  still  yielding  ore  of  a  good  quality. 


A  good  deal  of  prospecting  is  being  done  and  mill- 
ing ore  has' been  found  at  several  points, 

Ophir. — Some  ore  of  good  quality  is  still  being 
found  on  the  1300  level,  A  considerable  amount 
of  prospecting  is  being  done. 

Con.  Imperial. — West  crosscut  No.  3  from  the 
300-foot  level  north  drift  (Yellow  Jacket  level), 
which  is  the  750  level  of  the  Imperial,  is  out  48 
feet,  having  been  commenced  during  the  week. 
The  face  shows  quartz  and  porphyry.  The  joint 
Confidence,  Challenge  and  Imperial  north  lateral 
drift  on  the  800-foot  level  is  in  138  feet  from  the 
north  line  of  the  South  Challenge,  43  feet  having 
been  added  during  the  week.  The  lace  is  in  por- 
phyry. 

Challenge  Con. — The  prospecting  work  joint 
with  the  Confidence  is  progressing  well.  The  ddfts 
and  upraises  are  in  promising  ground  at  several 
points,  it  being  a  mixture  of  quartz,  clay  and  por- 
phyry. 

Crown  Point. — The  raise  from  the  400  level  is 
passing  into  quartz  that  carries  metal,  The  west 
crosscut  on  the  300  level  is  still  in  favorable  ground. 
Are  shipping  to  the  mill  nearly  900  tons  of  ore  a 
week,  the  average  of  which  is,  by  battery  samples, 
nearly  $(g  a  ton. 

Gould  &  Curry.— On  the  400  level  at  a  point 
in  west  crosscut  No.  i,  587  feet  from  main  south 
drift,  northwest  drift  was  started  and  advanced  18 
feet.     Formation,  hard  porphyry. 

Kentuck. — The  goo  level  is  looking  well,  and 
the  winze  below  the  950  level  continues  to  show 
good  milling  ore. 

Overman.— The  incline  winze  on  the  1200  level 
continues  in  ore  of  a  good  quality.  The  ore  breasts 
on  the  1200  level  are  looking  well  and  regular  ship- 
ments are  being  made  to  the  Vivian  mill.  The  ore 
runs  high  in  gold. 

Hale  &  Norcross.  —  Ore  is  being  extracted 
from  the  400  and  1300  levels  and  sent  to  the  Ne- 
vada mill.  A  good  deal  of  prospecting  is  being 
done  on  the  500,  750  and  1200  levels.  The  aver- 
age of  the  battery  assays  is  $17.54  ^  to°- 

Belcher. — The  southwest  drift  on  the  200  level 
is  being  advanced  in  quartz  of  a  low  grade  mixed 
with  seams  of  clay.  The  drilts  on  the  300  and  850 
levels  still  continue  in  porphyry  and  clay. 

Justice.— On  the  622  level,  raise  No.  i  is  up  75 
feet  and  shows  low-grade  quartz.  Shipped  to  the 
mill  during  the  week  199  tons  and  860  pounds  of 
ore,  the  average  battery  assay  of  which  was  $27.97 
per  ton. 

Seg.  Belcher,— On  the  1000  level  the  south- 
east drift  is  still  in  low-grade  quartz. 

Alta. — The  ore-producing  sections  are  looking 
well.  The  mill  works  an  average  of  45  tons  a  day 
and  the  ore  pays  about  $20  a  ton. 

Yellow  Jacket. — The  usual  shipments  are  be- 
ing made  to  the  Brunswick  mill.  The  ore  averages 
about  $20  a  ton. 

Chollar. — On  the  750  level  the  south  drift  is 
still  in  ore  that  averages  about  $30  a  ton.  The 
prospecting  drifts  on  other  levels  are  without 
change,  being  still  either  in  porphyry  or  porphyry 
and  quartz.  Are  extracting  nearly  500  tons  of  ore 
a  week. 

Potosi. — The  winze  below  the  goo  level  shows 
quartz  that  yields  good  assays.  The  raise  above 
this  level  has  passed  through  the  quartz  and  entered 
the  porphyry.  On  the  850  level  all  is  about  the 
same  as  last  week. 

Alpha. — South  lateral  drift,  600  level,  is  out 
south  of  shaft  53  leet;  face  in  porphyry.  The  east 
crosscut  opposite  the  shaft,  600  level,  is  out  36  feet; 
face  in  porphyry. 

Silver  Hill. — All  prospecting  operations  go. 
ing  on  as  usual  without  change  of  formation. 

Julia  Con. — Work  is  going  on  in  the  north- 
west drift,  800  level,  as  usual. 

Ward  Combination  Shaft. — The  east  drift 
from  the  shaft,  1800  level,  is  out  353  feet;  face  in 
porphyry. 

New  York.— On  the  650  level  the  west  drift  is 
in  material  that  carries  some  metal.  On  the  850 
level  the  north  drift  is  in  a  mixture  of  clay  and 
quartz.  On  the  965  level  the  south  lateral  drift  is 
still  showing  quartz  that  gives  low  assays. 

Scorpion.  —  On  the  630  level  the  southwest 
drift  from  the  shaft  is  now  advanced  328  feet,  con 
tinuing  in  a  porphyry  formation, 

Andes. — Past  week  extended  north  drift  on  420 
level  107  feet.  Formation,  clay  and  porphyry  with 
seams  of  quartz.  Repairing  and  cleaning  175  level. 
Main  drift  progressing  favorably. 

Savage. — Are  extracting  ore  from  the  400,  500, 
600  and  750  levels,  and  are  running  prospecting 
drifts  on  each  of  these  levels.  The  north  drift  on 
the  334  level  continues  in  porphyry.  Are  miUing 
about  450  tons  of  ore  a  week.  The  average  of  the 
ore  is  $23  a  ton. 

Best  &  Belcher.  —  On  the  1000  level,  east 
crosscut  No.  i  has  been  extended  9  feet;  total 
length,  367  feet.  Formation,  hard  porphyry.  The 
joint  west  crosscut  on  the  south  line  has  been 
cleaned  out  and  repaired  40  feet.  On  the  1200 
level  the  north  drift  has  been  cleaned  out  and  re- 
paired 22  feet;  total  distance,  645  feet. 

Cherry  Creek  District. 
Exchequer. — White  Pine  Nnvs,  May  3  :  Mose 
Scramlin  is  in  from  Cherry  Creek.  He  informs  us 
that  the  Exchequer  lessees  have  developed  a  body  of 
ore  in  that  mine  and  that  their  prospects  for  making 
some  money  are  good.  They  have  increased  the 
force  at  the  mine  and  are  now  working  12  or  13 
men.  They  expect  to  start  up  the  Ti-cup  rail!  in  a 
few  days. 

Comet  District. 

Gold. — Pioche  Record,  April  25:  A  fine  vein  of 
gold  ore  has  recently  been  discoveredin  Comet  dis- 
trict, which  assayed  $36  per  ton.  Heretofore  assays 
have  not  been  made  for  gold  either  in  this  district 
or  Irish  mountain,  though  indications  point  to  such 
deposits. 

.    Ely  District. 

Quiet.— White  Pme  News,  April  29:  Mining 
matters  in  this  district  remain  in  statu  quo.  That  is, 
we  have  nothing  new  to  report  in  the  way  of  devel- 
opment or  sales.  The  Rob  Roy,  which  was  reported 
sold  for  $40,000  in  our  last,  turns  out  to  be  true  only 
in  part.  Only  a  third  interest  in  the  property 
changed  hands,  and  it  is  said  the  proceeds  of  that 
interest  will  be  applied  to  putting  up  a  mill. 
Eureka  District. 

The  Diamond.  —  Eureka  Sentinel,  May  3; 
Me'^srs.  R.  Macintosh  and  R.  C,  Chambers,  of  Salt 
Lake,  have  spent  the  greater  part  of  the  week  here 
inspecting  the  Diamond  mine  which  they  purchased 


last  fall.  The  work  of  development  has  progressed 
favorably  during  the  winter,  under  the  direction  of 
Supt.  Chas  Read  and  Foreman  Maurice  Hartnett, 
and  the  owners  now  feel  justified  in  undertaking 
deeper  explorations.  Accordingly  a  tunnel  has  been 
started  at  the  base  of  the  mountain  which  will  ren- 
der pos«;ible  the  prospecting  of  a  vast  vertical  sec- 
tion. The  length  of  the  tunnel  at  a  point  under  the 
apex  of  the  mountain  will  be  approximately  1700 
feet.  Ground  was  broken  on  this  important  work 
during  the  week.  Machinery  is  to  "be  erected  and 
Burleigh  drills  driven  by  compressed  air  are  to  be 
used.  It  is  believed  that  the  main  tunnel  can  be 
completed  in  four  month'?  after  the  machinery  shall 
be  in  readiness.  It  is  not  to  be  a  mere  straight  hole 
into  ihe  mountiin,  but  the  ground  is  to  be  crosscut 
in  all  directions.  We  regard  this  as  the  first  thor- 
ough test  to  determine  the  real  value  of  Prospect 
mountain.  In  this  view  the  work  becomes  one  of  the 
most  important  ever  inaugurated  here.  If  great  ore 
bodies  should  be  developed  in  the  heart  of  the 
mountain,  as  we  believe  there  will  be,  a  new  lease 
of  life  will  be  given  to  Eureka  District,  and  the  old 
prosperous  days  of  the  past  may  again  revisit  us. 
The  inauguration  of  this  new  work  will  afford  em- 
ployment (or  an  increased  number  of  men  during 
the  summer. 

A  Development  in  the  Eureka  Con.— The 
Sentinel  learns  of  a  development  of  a  n^w  ore  body 
m  the  Eureka  Con.  Mine.  It  is  located  in  the 
ground  formerly  belonging  to  the  K.  K.  Company. 
The  size  of  the  new  find  is  said  to  be  about  nine  feet 
in  thickness,  so  far  as  known,  with  evidences  of  still 
further  improvement.  There  is  plenty  of  virgin 
ground  in  the  vicinity  to  contain  a  good-siaed 
bonanza.  It  would  be  a  great  thing  for  the  camp  if 
some  of  the  old-time  ore  bodies  could  be  unearthed 
in  the  Eureka  Con.  There  were  acres  of  ore  on 
some  of  the  levels  of  that  mine. 

Ore  and  Lead.— The  ore  shipments  to  Salt  L^ke 
this  week  have  amounted  to  51  E.  &  P.  carloads. 
There  was  also  considerable  ore  shipped  by  the 
Ruby  Mining  Company  from  the  Dunderberg  mine 
to  the  Eureka  Con.  furnaces.  The  E.  &  P.  Rail- 
road Co.  pulled  out  seven  carloads  of  Eureka  Con, 
lead  (old  stock}  during  the  week. 

Pahranagat  District. 

Silver.— Pioche  Record,  April  25:  Tom  Mc- 
Donald came  up  from  Pahranagat  last  Friday  with 
a  batch  of  ore  from  his  Fantasmagoria  mine,  which 
pulped  525  ounces  in  silver  per  ton.  A  few  more 
such  shipments  will  cause  a  stampede  to  Irish 
mountain. 

Pioche  District. 

The  Lost  Ledge  Found.— Pioche  Record,  April 
25:  It  is  rumored  on  the  streets  that  Supt.  Sam 
Godbe  of  the  Pioche  Consolidated  and  Yuba  Cos., 
has  discovered  the  long-lost  Raymond  &  Ely  ledge 
between  the  gth  and  lolh  levels.  The  ledge  was 
discovered  through  a  fissure  leading  into  the  foot- 
wall  and  extends  as  far  as  prospected  into  the  old 
Meadow  Valley  ground.  The  vein  is  five  feet  in 
width,  and  assays  up  in  the  hundreds.  The  ore  is 
free  milling. 

Sellgman  District. 

Sluicing.— While  Pine  News,  May  3  :  The 
Robinson  Canyon  Con.  Co.  have  been  busy  for  the 
past  four  or  five  days  and  nights  sluicing  gravel  from 
Shaft  No.  2,  with  a  good  headway  of  water.  They 
are  in  high  anticipation  over  the  outcome. 
Tybo  District. 

The  DiMiCK.— Eureka  Sentinel,  May  3:  Mr. 
Leet  of  Sau  Francisco  returned  during  the  week 
from  Tybo.  His  business  was  to  inspect  the  Dim- 
ick  mine  in  the  interest  of  parties  desiring  to  pur- 
chase a  good  mining  property.  It  is  understood 
that  he  found  the  mine  to  be  even  better  than  had 
been  claimed  for  it.  There  is  no  doubt  that  he  will 
make  a  strong  favorable  report  on  the  property 
which  will  most  probably  lead  up  to  its  early  sale. 
The  great  beauty  of  the  Dimick  mine  is  that  there  is 
no  risk  about  it.  It  is  a  true  fissure  vein  of  great 
ascertained  and  prospective  value.  It  is  on  the 
same  ledge  with  and  is  the  westerly  extension  of  the 
celebrated  Two  G  mine,  which  yielded  over  four 
millions  above  the  400-foot  level.  The  Dimick  mine 
has  a  better  future  than  its  neighbor.  The  location 
is  more  lavorable  and  the  ore  of  higher  grade.  It 
will  be  a  good  thing  for  the  southern  country  when 
this  magnificent  mine  shall  pass  into  the  hands  of  a 
strong  company,  Tybo  is  likely  to  be  a  busy  camp 
again  before  the  season  is  past, 

ARIZONA. 

Granville.  — Clifton  Clarion,  .^pril  26:  W.  F. 
Hagan  ot  Granville  camp  is  working  six  men,  driv- 
ing a  tunnel  »o  cut  the  no-foot  shalL  Granville  is 
a  silver  camp,  and  a  good  one,  too.  Mr.  G.  M. 
Forbes  has  bought  some  property  in  this  camp  and 
bonc^ed  ti  cla'ms. 

Activity  in  Mohave  Co.  —  Cor.  Kingman 
Miner,  May  3:  For  several  years  past  three  large 
teams,  one  a  14-mule  with  three  wagons,  and  two 
lo-mule  teams  of  two  wagons  each,  together  with 
several  two  and  four-horse  teams,  were  able  to  han- 
dle the  ore  and  freight  of  Mohave  county.  During 
the  past  winter  thqje  were  two  months  lost  time  on 
account  of  heavy  rains  and  bad  roads,  so  that  ore 
and  freight  accumulated,  but  miners  generally  were 
confident  that  there  would  be  an  advance  in  the 
price  of  silver.  As  the  weather  got  settled  and  the 
roads  got  good,  men  owning  teams  began  to  increase 
their  capacity.  At  present  there  are  six  instead 
of  three  large  teams  at  work  besides  several  small 
teams,  and  there  is  much  complaint  among  miners 
that  they  cannot  get  their  ore  hauled.  The  advance 
of  silver  will  soon  «ake  up  the  old  camps.  Already 
rumor  has  it  that  the  McCracken  and  Peabody  will 
again  start  up.  These  mills  (one  a  15  and  the 
other  a  20-stamp)  will  again  be  repaired.  They 
have  only  laid  off  on  account  of  the  low  price  of  sil- 
ver. These  mines  contain  mountains  of  ore  of  fair 
grade.  It  is  rumored  that  a  water-power  will  be 
improved  on  Burro  or  Sandy  creeks  and  an  electric 
plant  will  be  put  up,  thus  saving  the  high  price  of 
wood.  Aside  from  these  mines,  the  O.  K.  and  the 
Music  Mountain  M.  Co.'s  properties,  the  Flores 
and  Oro  Plata,  between  this  place  and  Mineral 
Park,  are  putting  up  large  hoisting  works  and  it  is 
expected  that  they  will  put  up  large  mills.  At  the 
present  time -all  the  miners  that  are  at  work  are  do- 
ing remarkably  well.  Owners  of  silver  mines  ar.e  in 
high  spirits  and  they  all  have  a  smile  on  their  coun- 
tenances, and  well  they  may  have,  for  the  advance 
in  silver  makes  low-grade  ore  pay  and  high-grade 
ore  in  proportion.     It  is  more  than  probable  that 


Mat  10,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


317 


.Milun  six  months  from  this  date  there  will  be  three 
times  Ihe  amount  of  labor  employed  io  Mohave  Co. 
Itmt  has  ever  been  since  the  location  of  the  mines, 
25  years  ago. 

Hydraulic. — Prescotl  Joumal'Mimr,  May  3: 
The  Lynx  cr<ek  hydraulic  works  were  closed  down 
last  Fnday  on  account  of  failure  of  water.  They  had 
a  very  good  run  during  the  season,  washing  out  sev< 
eral  thousand  dollars  in  gold.  Messrs.  Chambers  J: 
Charmikle  of  I.ynx  creek  expect  to  start  up  the  Low- 
ell mill  soon  again.  They  are  only  awaiting  now 
the  arrival  o(  parts  of  the  machinery  front  San  Fran- 
c^co.  Operations  were  commenced  in  the  R>land 
Mine  again  last  week.  The  mill  is  also  being  put  in 
ii.tpc  to  start  up  soon.  The  camp  pronii'ies  to  be- 
J  rome  even  more  lively  than  it  was  before.  Supt. 
Kiley  of  the  Ryland  mine  has  returned  from  his  trip 
East  and  has  gone  out  to  the  mine.  OlVicers  of  the 
company  are  expected  soon,  and  it  is  said  that  they 
contemplate  making  some  very  extensive  improve- 
ments to  the  mill,  probably  doubling  its  present  ca- 
pacity. 

Gold.  —  Prescott  Courier,  May  5:  Judge  Rich- 
ard DeKuhn,  superintendent  of  the  Mocking  Bird 
mill  and  mine,  deposited  some  35  ounces  of  gold 
at  the  Bank  of  Arizona  Saturday  last.  He  is  rust- 
ling animals  to  pick  ore  to  the  mill.  Mr.  Gillespie, 
of  Congress  City,  was  here  Saturday  last  and 
stated  that  the  mine  is  in  a  very  healthy  condition. 
Teams  are  almost  every  day  bringing  in  sulphurels. 
Senator  people  are  not  given  to  praise  of  Ihe  mine. 
but  it  h  ts  leaked  out  that  the  recent  strike  is  rich 
and  big.  It  was  found  300  feet  below  the  grass 
rosts.  Supt.  Kiley  has  a  large  force  on  the  Ry- 
land. Forty  stamps  will  soon  be  crushing  ore. 
Rradshaw  district's  thr^e  mills,  the  Crown  King, 
O  o  B;lla  and  Del  Pasco,  are  hard  at  work.  Clean- 
ups good.  Tip  Top  district  miners  are  taking  out 
and  shipping  about  $[5,000  worth  of  silver  ore 
each  month.  Lowell  mill.  Walker  district,  is  idle, 
lessees  awaiting  the  arrival  of  some  machinery 
from  San  Francisco.  J.  W.  O'Bryan  is  taking 
good  o'e  out  of  some  of  O'd  Grizzly's  mines,  in 
Walnut  Grove  district.  Old  Grizzly  himself  hopes 
to  return,  soon,  prepared  to  open  other  mines. 
H'llside  mine  is  yielding  more  first-class  ore  than 
can  be  hsuled  to  the  railroad.  The  rise  in  the 
price  of  silver  is  having  a  good  tffect  in  our  Terri- 
tory. 

BRITISH  COLUMBIA. 

Gold  and  Silver.— Kamloops  Scfitiriel.  M^y  3: 
Recent  investigation  shows  that  there  is  in  Kere- 
meos  and  Simalk;imeen  gold  quartz,  assaying  from 
$24  to  $174  per  ton.  Rock  Creek  also  has  gold 
quiriz,  assaymg  from  $35  to  S300  per  ton.  Mr. 
G  Douglas  has  been  working  one  of  the  principal 
mines  for  a  New  York  Co.  (or  the  last  four  years, 
ami  is  now  in  the  East  to  bring  out  milline  ma- 
chinery for  the  purpose  of  reducing  the  ore,  of 
which  there  is  a  great  amount  already  on  the  dump 
(or  milling  and  plenty  in  the  mine.  W.  A.  Jowett, 
of  Revelstoke,  has  just  returned  from  England, 
whither  he  went  in  connection  with  some  mining 
property  in  the  vicinity.  In  Winnipeg,  to  a  re- 
porter, he  said  that  as  the  richness  of  the 
E'lMsh  Columbia  mines  becomes  known,  less 
dirticulty  is  found  in  London  in  obtaining  capi- 
tal, and  already  English  syndicates  have  bonded 
a  number  of  mines.  Mr.  Jowett  has  great  confi- 
dence in  the  mining  future  of  British  Columbia. 
The  silver-ore  ledge  recently  discovered  at  Bowen 
island  is  now  found  to  be  from  five  to  seven  feet 
wide,  running  in  a  northeasterly  direction  and  stand- 
ing nearly  perpendicular.  It  crosses  the  island  in 
an  oblique  course  from  shore  to  shore.  The  fnot- 
wall  is  granite  and  the  hanging-wall  is  shale,  so  that 
it  can  be  easily  traced  on  the  line  of  contact  between 
the  two.  The  rugged  ridge  facing  Bowen  island  on 
the  mainland  will  surely  reward  the  prospector,  for 
there  is  and  must  be  copper  ore, 

OOLORADO. 

The  Justice.— Aspen  Times,  May  3:  It  ap- 
pears, that  the  Justice  is  still  under  partial  restraint. 
The  company's  attorney  agreed  not  to  work  more 
than  six  men  on  ore  until  May  isth.  It  is  altogether 
possible  that,  after  that  date,  the  company  will  be 
entirely  free. 

To  BE  Listed.— The  stock  of  the  Park  Con- 
solidated Mining  Co.,  which  owns  the  Buckhorn, 
Castle  No.  2  and  Tanner  claims,  will  probably  be 
listed  on  the  Denver  Exchange. 

The  Little  Rule. — Reports  from  the  Little 
Rule  are  very  encouraging.  The  ore  that  is  being 
taken  from  the  new  discovery  attracts  attention 
wherever  samples  of  it  are  shown.  I(  the  streak 
holds  out,  as  it  now  promises  to,  it  will  soon  bring 
the  mine  into  great  prominence. 


DAKOTA. 

Syndicate  Smelter. — Deadwood  Pioneer,  May 
3:  Nate  Wilcox  has  been  at  work  at  the  smelter 
for  some  15  days  past.  Foundations  for  the  two 
engines  and  boiler,  new  ore  bins,  new  crusher,  plat- 
form scales  for  ore- wagons,  coke-houses,  etc,,  are 
all  ready,  and  yesterday  Dr.  Carpenter  received  a 
telegram  announcing  that  the  long-delayed  ma- 
chinery had  at  last  been  found  and  started  on  from 
Chicago,  it  is  very  annoying,  as  his  agreement 
called  for  complete  works,  running  full  capacity  by 
the  loth  of  May.  The  time  will  now,  necessarily, 
be  extended. 

IDAHO. 

The  Seven  Devils  Mines.— Boise  Statesman, 
May  4:  The  prospects  for  Wfiser  and  Washing- 
ton county  are  exceedingly  bright  this  summer. 
Mr.  Kleinschmidt  and  a  party  of  Montana  gentle- 
men passed  through  Weiser  recently  en  route  for 
the  Seven  Devils  mines.  They  informed  our  cor- 
respondent that  20  teams  are  now  on  the  way  from 
Montana,  that  have  contracted  to  ha[il  20,000  tons 
of  ore  from  the  mines  to  the  new  steamboat  on 
Snake  river.  Experts  say  that  $1,200,000  will  be 
realized  from  the  Peacock  mine  Ibis  summer,  leav- 
ing 55.000  tons  of  ore  still  in  sight.  This  is  Lui 
Allen's  old  mine,  and  is  doubtless  the  richest  cop- 
per mine  in  the  world.  It  is  estimated  that  from 
10,000  to  15,000  people  will  go  to  the  mines  of  the 
Seven  Devils  district  this  year.  Prospectors  are 
daily  going  in  that  direction  from  Weiser. 

The  Banner  Mines,— Henry  Hammond,  who 


has  charge  of  a  sawmill  in  Rinner  Mining  district, 
owned  by  the  Elmira  Silver  M.  Co.  of  N.  Y.,  said 
that  the  little  mill  would  have  to  be  moved  about 
three  miles  this  spring  for  the  reason  that  the  coun- 
try around  where  it  now  stands  had  been  almost  en- 
tirely denuded  of  timber,  .^fier  its  removal  it  will 
be  one  and  a  half  miles  from  the  mines.  The  Ban- 
ner mine  is  not  being  worked.  U  was  rich  enough, 
but  the  machinery  on  the  ground  w.is  not  powerful 
enough  to  keep  the  water  out  below  the  500-foot 
level.  As  soon  as  John  Brown,  the  superintendent, 
returns  from  the  Eist,  it  is  expected  he  will  have 
100  feet  lower  sunk  on  the  lode.  The  Wolverine 
and  Crown  Point  are  adjoining  lodes,  or,  perhaps 
more  properly  described  as  claims  upon  the  same 
lode.  They  are  both  worked  from  one  shaft  and 
that  is  sunk  on  the  Wolverine;  iioo  tons  of  good, 
rich  ore  that  will  average  $100  to  the  ton  is  now  ly- 
ing on  the  dump.  About  20  men  are  now  at  work 
in  this  shaft,  and  some  ore  being  added  to  the  al- 
ready large  pile,  though  the  men  are  generally  en- 
gaged in  deadwork.  it  is  intended  to  sink  this 
shaft  another  hundred  feet  this  sea-ion. 

MONTANA. 

The  Silver  Bow  Hydraulic— Butte  Miner, 
May  3  :  Work  00  the  .Silver  Bow  Hydraulic  Com- 
pany's property,  which  consists  of  2500  acres  of 
placer  ground  located  between  Rocker  and  Silver 
Bow,  will  be  commenced  on  or  about  the  middle  of 
the  month.  This  is  one  of  the  greatest  placer-min- 
ing enterprises  ever  inaugurated  in  Montana,  and 
will  undoubtedly  yield  many  thousands  of  dollars  to 
the  projectors,  as  the  ground  will  be  worked  on  an 
extensive  scale.  The  new  ditch,  which  is  calculated 
to  carry  800  inches  of  water  from  Freeley's  station 
to  the  top  of  Rorker  Hill,  a  distance  of  20  miles,  is 
now  almost  completed  by  Mr.  Winters,  the  con- 
tractor. 

NEW  MEXICO. 

Dividend.— Silver  City  Enterprise,  Maya:  W. 
C.  Hadley,  superintendent  of  the  Like  Valley 
mines,  informs  an  Enterprise  man  that  his  company 
paid  a  dividend  of  stents  per  share,  $25,000,  in  April, 
and  had  enough  stuff  on  hand  to  declare  another  divi- 
dend. Tom  Knott  called  at  this  oflice  last  Tuesday 
and  reported  a  strike  of  rich  gold  ore  recenliy  made 
by  him  in  the  Burro  mountains.  The  money  was 
paid  yesterday  on  the  zinc  mines  mentioned  in  our 
last  week's  issue,  about  $25,000  in  all.  J.  W.  Fred- 
ericks, who  is  now  operating  at  Stein's  Pass,  stales 
that  there  is  more  activity  at  the  Pass  than  for  some 
years  past.  Mr.  Bowman  of  Colorado  has  recently 
acquired  some  valuable  zinc  properties  there,  and  is 
preparing  to  ship  the  ore  in  large  quantities.  The 
Enterprise  reporter  was  shown  a  pretty  little  gold 
retort  of  10  ounces  by  Idus  L.  Fielder,  The  gold 
was  the  mill  return  from  eight  tons  of  ore  taken  Irom 
the  Esperanza  mine  by  leasers  to  whom  the  Mam- 
moth company  has  let  the  mine  on  tribute.  The 
Pacific  company  has  started  hauling  ore  and  will 
start  five  stamps  of  their  mill  to-dny  or  to-morrow. 
The  other  15  stamps  will  be  started  as  soon  as  the 
vanners  for  the  concentration  of  the  tailings  from 
them  are  in  readiness  to  work.  Four  vanners  are 
now  in  place  and  four  more  will  be  added,  when  the 
mill  will  be  run  to  its  full  capacity.  There  is  an 
abundance  ol  ore  of  good  grade  in  sight.  James 
Sullivan  and  Jerry  Clarke  are  working  the  Never 
Fail  mining  claim  in  Gold  Hill  district  with  very  sat- 
isfactory results.  A  good  streak  of  ore  has  been  ex- 
posed in  all  the  workings.  A  carload  of  ore  taken 
from  a  slope  in  the  drift,  and  now  on  the  dump 
ready  for  shipment,  carries  35  per  cent  lead,  8 
ounces  gold  and  13  ounces  silver  per  ton, 

OREGON. 

Blue  River  Mines.— Cor.  Oregonian,  Maya: 
There  was  a  company  organized  in  Brownsville  last 
night  which  deserves  more  than  passing  notice.  For 
several  years  past  there  has  been  some  prospecting 
for  precious  metals  on  the  head-waters  of  the  Cali- 
pooia  and  Blue  rivers,  but  no  very  great  amount  of 
money  or  labor  has  ever  been  spent,  and  yet  very 
fl 'tiering  prospects  have  been  found  and  now  an 
effort  is  going  to  be  made  in  a  somewhat  different 
way.  Twenty  of  the  leading  claims  in  these  districts 
have  been  consolidated,  and  papers  have  been  made 
out  incorporating  them  all  into  one  company,  to  be 
known  as  the  Calipooia  and  Blue  River  M.  &  M, 
Co.  The  following  are  the  elected  directors  for  the 
coming  year:  N.  B.  Standish,  C.  H.  Elswick,  J.  J. 
White,  W.  B.  Blanchard,  and  W.  W.  Robe; 
George  A.  Dyson  secretary,  and  C.  H.  C^ble  trea- 
surer. As  soon  as  the  weather  and  roads  become 
settled,  a  force  of  men  will  at  once  be  sent  to  the 
coal  mines  and  work  commenced  in  earnest. 

UTAH. 

A  Revival  of  Interest.— Salt  Lake  Tribune, 
May  2:  There  is  a  revival  of  interest  in  mining 
which  bodes  good  to  this  country.  The  old  camps 
are  being  looked  over  by  both  old  citizens  and 
strangers  in  search  of  good  properties.  The  rise 
in  silver  and  lead,  and  the  belief  that  mining  is  go- 
ing to  pay  better  in  the  future  than  in  the  past,  is 
what  has  lately  stirrM  up  this  interest.  A  big  Colo- 
rado syndicate  has  a  man  in  the  field  who  has  just 
looked  over  Dry  Canyon,  Ophir  and  Stockton,  and 
believing  that  a  railway  west  is  one  of  the  early 
probabilities,  he  has  gone  to  Dugway,  Deep  Creek 
and  other  localities  which  are  destined  to  become 
big  contributors  to  this  market.  The  warm  days 
of  the  past  week  have  started  out  many  of  our  old 
prospectors  to  follow  up  the  snow  line  as  it  climbs 
up  the  hills.  Reports  from  the  mines  assert  that 
there  are  large  blocks  of  stoping  ground  exposed 
in  them,  and  there  is  good  promise  of  a  lively 
season  and  big  output  from  nearly  all  the  mines  be- 
ing operated  in  Utah.  The  four  months  of  this 
year  have  yielded  in  bullion  (excluding  all  ore  ex- 
ports), $1,018,833.08.  The  receipts  of  the  metals 
in  this  city  for  the  week  ending  the  30th,  inclusive, 
were  to  the  total  value  of  $153,480.92,  of  which 
$87,289.92  was  in  ore  and  $65,191  was  in  bullion. 
For  the  previous  week  the  receipts  were  $73,585  "in 
bullion  and  $25,998.93  in  ore,  a  total  of  $99,583.93. 
The  product  of  the  Ontario  for  the  week  was  of 
bullion,  17.436.06  fine  ounces.  Bullion  receipts  in 
this  cily  for  the  week  were  to  the  value  of  $26,305; 
base  bullion,  -$9900;  Ontario  bullion,  $17,436. 
The  Hanauer  smelter  produced  during  the  week 
bullion  valued  at  $13,225. 


List  of  D.  S.  Patents  for  Pacific  Coast 
Inventors. 

Reported  by  Dewey  &  Co..  Pioneer  Patent 
SoUcltora  for  PaclQo  Ooaat. 

FOR  WEEK  ENDING  APRIL  29,   189O, 

427,029. — Faucet  Filter— Frank  Bardt-z.   S.  F, 

426.767.— MiTEK  Bux— J.  E,  Bundy,  San  Rafael. 
Cal. 

426,920.-  Hohse-clipping  Machine  —  E.  A. 
Cochran.  pLi^adena,  Cal. 

426.664.— Watering  cart  —  P.  B.  Donahoo, 
Fresno,  Cal. 

426,718.— Purifying  Water  for  Boilers— 
Chas.  Elliot.  S.  F. 

426,667.— Measuring  Funnel— W.  H.  Grissim, 
Santa  Rosa,  Cal. 

426,726.— Shaft  for  Vehicles— W.  HoUoway, 
Gilroy,  Cal. 

426.502. — Caliper — T.  Isaac,  Sacramento,   Cal. 

426,939.— Safkty  Plug  for  Wash-basins— D. 
F.  Jones,  S.  F. 

426,592.— Vent-stopper  for  Ordnance— Jas. 
Kelly,  San  Diego,  Cal. 

426,593. — Device  for  Laying  Guns  at  any  An- 
gle—Jas,  Kelly,  San  Diego.  Cal. 

426,603.  -Hop-PICKER— Peterson  &  Clark,  Santa 
Rosa,  Cal. 

426  68r.— Dredger — W.  R.  Pless,  Sau  Joaquin, 
CaL 

426,683.  —  Lung-testing  Toy— S.  H.  Pratt, 
Strawberry  Valley,  Cal. 

426,739 —Dishwashing  Machine— T,  A.  & 
H.  W.  Pudan,  Sacramento,  Cal. 

426,478.— Fruit-drif,r—G.  W.  Thurston.  S.   F. 

426,885.— Elevated  Cahle  Road— W.  P.  Wal- 
ling, Santa  Monica,  Cal. 

426,886.— Self-gilingCar  Axle— A.  A.  Weber, 
Sacninento,  Cal. 

426,894.— Combined  Ax,  Hammer  and  Maul— 
C,  H.  Williams,  Prineviile,  Oregon. 

The  following  brief  list  by  telegraph,  lor  May  6,  will 
appear  more  complete  on  receipt  of  mail  advices: 

California— Calvin  Biown,  San  Francisco,  apparatus 
for  submarine  exploration;  Preston  G.  Oesford,  Jr., 
Napa,  adjuatable  bed  bottom  and  brace;  Jacob  Harpa, 
S.  K.,  hand  truck;  Samuel  F.  F.  MoUill,  aaeipnor  of  one- 
half  to  J.  R.  Fritz  S.  F.,  street-sweeping;  machine;  Ells- 
worth D.  Middlekufs,  Stockton,  automatic  cork-puller; 
Henry  D.  Reaves,  Montecito,  fruit-gatherer;  VVil  iam  H. 
^hinnon,  Stockton,  aeeignor  of  one-balf  to  J.  H  Crys- 
tal, Ceres,  carburetor;  Eiton  R.  Shaw,  S.  F.,  aBslgnor  to 
M'lBher,  Shaw  &;  Craig,  San  Joae,  drier;  Joho  C.  H.  Stat. 
S.  P.,  teLphone;  John  C.  H.  fttut,  S.  F.,  cable-tightener 
for  cable  railways.  Oregon— Andiew  M.  Roberts,  Mit- 
chell, tool  for  trimmiDg  horses'  hoofs;  Daniel  Stddall, 
Ttie  Ualles,  dental  elevator;  William  T.  Sterling,  Enter- 
priae,  harrow. 

NoTB.— Copies  of  U.  S.  and  Forelg:D  patents  furnished 
by  Dewey  &  Co.,  in  the  shortest  time  possible  (by  mail 
or  telegrapbio  order).  American  and  Foreign  patents 
obtained,  and  general  patent  buslnese  for  Pacific  Coast 
Inventors  transacted  with  perfect  security,  at  reasonable 
rates,  and  in  the  shortest  possible  time. 


may  be  igaorant  of  Ite  oonatractioD,  the  objeot 
being  to  oreate.  temporary  surprise  at  the  tail- 
are  and  thuB  enhance  ita  Interest.  The  inveD- 
tlon  oonsiets  in  a  box  or  oaee  having  a  wind- 
wheel  within  it  and  a  registering  dial  on  its 
exterior  with  hands  for  registering  the  revolu- 
tions of  the  wheel;  an  axially  movable  blow- 
tabe  let  into  the  box  or  case  and  normally 
oommanioatiog  with  the  wind'wheel,  a  oon- 
oealed  exbanst'port  In  said  tube,  normally 
closed,  but  adapted  to  be  opened  earreptitioasly 
when  the  toy  is  handed  to  a  person  having  no 
knowledge  of  it,  and  an  exhanat  compartment 
in  the  box  or  oaae  Into  which  the  exhaust-port 
opens,  whereby  the  air  blown  Into  the  tnbe  la 
mledireoted. 


Notices  of  Recent  Patents, 

Among  the  patents  recently  obtained  through 
Dewey  &  Co.'s  Sotentifio  Press  U.  S.  and 
Foreign  Patent  Agency,  the  following  are 
worthy  of  special  mention: 

Sack-Holder.— Alexander  McDonald, Frank- 
lin, Sacramento  Co.,  Cal.  No.  426,208.  Dated 
April  22,  1890.  This  invention  relates  to  that 
olasBof  Implements  whioh  are  designed  to  hold 
a  sack  with  its  mouth  or  opening  properly 
spread  under  a  diecharge  spout,  whereby  grain 
andothermaterialaredeliveredtoit.  The  inven- 
tion consists  in  a  frame  having  arms  by  whioh 
it  la  secured  to  the  obute  or  spout,  said  frame 
having  in  one  side  fixed  teeth  or  tinea  for  en- 
gaging one  side  of  the  sack,  and  in  its  other 
side  a  rook-shaft  provided  with  teeth  for  en- 
gaging the  other  side  of  the  sack,  said  shaft 
having  a  lever  by  whlob  it  is  rocked,  whereby 
the  teeth  are  caused  to  stretch  and  bold  the 
eauk,  and  in  a  means  connected  with  said  rock- 
shaft  for  operating  automatically  the  cat-o£f 
gate  or  valve  of  the  chute  or  spout. 

Watering.Cart. — Peter  B,  Donahoo,  Fres- 
no. No.  426.664.  Dited  April  29,  1890.  The 
invention  consists  of  one  or  more  axially  rotat- 
ing water  vessels  or  receptacles  traveling  on  the 
ground  and  provided  with  draft  connections  by 
whioh  they  are  drawn,  said  vessels  or  recepta- 
cles having  interior  diaphragms  or  partitions 
dividing  them  into  compartments.  Through 
these  vessels  or  receptacles  passes  a  pipe  hav- 
ing openings  in  its  top,  and  having  connected 
with  its  center  a  perforated  discharge  pipe  and 
an  inlet  pipe.  The  object  of  the  Invention  la  to 
provide  for  a  great  increase  in  the  capacity  of 
the  watering-cart  at  the  same  time  that  Its 
draft  is  reduced,  these  objects  being  attained 
by  avoiding  the  ordinary  wheeled  frame  upon 
which  the  water*tank  is  carried,  and  employ- 
ing in  Its  stead  one  or  more  axially  rotating 
vessels  whioh  serve  as  their  own  wheels. 

Hop- Picker.  —  Raford  W.  Peterson  and 
Samuel  B.  Clark,  Santa  Eosa.  No.  426.603, 
Dated  April  29,  1890.  This  ia  a  machine  for 
picking  and  separating  hops  from  the  vines.  It 
conatsta  essentially  of  seta  of  belts  traveling 
parallel  to  each  other,  having  transverse  slats 
between  whioh  the  vines  are  held,  and  cylinders 
or  beaters  rotating  so  as  to  pull  the  hops' from 
the  vines  and  drop  them  upon  a  carrying  belt 
below;  means  for  separating  the  hope  from  the 
leaves  and  for  transporting  them  to  a  proper 
receptacle. 

Lung-Testing  Tot.  —  Samuel  H.  Pratt, 
Strawberry  Valley.  Yuba  Co.  No,  426,683. 
Dited  April  29,  1890.  Thia  is  one  of  that  class 
of  toys  which  are  adapted  to  afford  amusement 
by  determining  the  power  of  the  lungs  of  one 
who  has  knowledge  of  its  operation,  but  wholly 
failing  of  result  when  in  the  (lande  of  one  who 


The  Mining  Companies'   Financial 
Standing. 

The  following  is  the  financial  standing  on  the  first 
Monday  of  the  present  month  of  the  mining  com- 
panies listed  on  the  two  exchanges  in  this  city: 

Cash.  Debt. 

Alta ; 126,339  % 

Alpha 1,674 

Andes •4,430  

Bodie  Con fl  Il.ftOS  

Benton  Con 83  "iOO  

Belcher ' . . .  'W.OSB 

Belle  Tele 2.612  

BeBt&  Belcher 1.332  

Bulwer 9  450  

Bullion I»,445  

Challenge  Con 9,701 

Caledonia 0,781  

CholUr I20,0fi4  

Con.  Cal.  &  Virginia I134.70.S  

Confidence "2,817  

Con.  Imperial '19,O0S 

Con.  New  York 3,573  

Commonwealth 11,926  

Crocker 2,396  

Crown  Point 1 16.698 

DelMoute... *16.870 

Eaat  Sierra  Nevada 6,000  

Eureka 16  

Exf-hequer 12,486  

Gould  &  Currj' '2.2fc'3 

Grand  Wrize ]U,634 

Hale  (fc  Norcroes.... "'41,760 

Holmes '. '6,026  

Independence 1 ,737  

Julia  7,207  

Justice 7,z26  

Kontuck •629 

Lady  Wasliington 16,763  

Locomotive •  856  

North  Belle  lale '20,«fi2 

North  Commo  .wealth "20,737 

Mexican 4,''31  

Mouo 10,379  

Navnjo 13,692 

Nevada  Queen 13.724 

Occidental '2.720 

Ophir ""8,058 

Overman 123,940  

Peer 3  055  

Peerless '649 

Putoei 23,676  

Savage -(274  

Scorpion 5,673  

Seg.  Belcher  &  Mides *9,019 

Silver  Hill "2,304  

Sierra  Nevada 8,162  

Silver  King 2,('22  

Standard 7,l29 

St  Loula 3.i9  

Syndicate 4,e50  

Union  Con *3,E24 

Utah 17,373  

WeMon 1,470  

"•Colleeting  asBessment. 

tMine  expenses  not  inclu'led. 

i  Mine  expenaes  and  full  bulion  return  not  included. 

''CjUectlng  assessment,  April  bullion  to  come  in  and 
mine  expensea  to  come  out. 


New  Incorporations. 

The  following  companies  have  been  incorporated, 
and  papers  filed  in  the  office  of  the  Superior  Court, 
Department  lo,  San  Francisco : 

La  Estrella  &  Minerva  M.  Co..  April  21. 
Location,  Rosario,  Mexico.  Capital  stock,  $10,- 
000,000.  Directors— A.  S.  Birney,  A.  H.  and  Thos. 
F.  Fish,  David  Hunter  and  H.  B.  Havens. 

California  Electric  Transit  Co.,  April  22. 
Capital  stock,  $r, 000,000.  Directors  — M.  Lev- 
ingston,  A.  Lefont,  G.  M.  Ashe,  Otlo  Belau  and 
John  M.  Patterson. 

Hathaway  G.  M.  Co.,  April  26.  Capital  stock, 
$400,000.  Directors — T.  B.  Valentine,  S,  D.  Val- 
entine, J,  S.  Finch,  C.  n.  Lindley  and  J,  B. 
Hughes. 

People's  Home  Savings  Bank,  April  26, 
(Amended  articles.)  Capital  stock,  $t, 000, 000. 
Directors — F.  A.  Waterhouse,  Isaac  Upham,  J.  K. 
Wilson,  Geo.  Tait  and  Geo.  D.  Fry. 

West  Coast  Development  Co.,  April  26, 
Objeci,  handlinfr  real  and  personal  property,  both 
as  principals  and  brokers.  Capital  stock,  $100,000. 
Directors— M.  K.  Zanden,  Arthur  Bull,  W.  W. 
Hollister,  Chas.  Montgomery  and  Chas.  G.    Clinch. 

Lincoln  M,  and  Manufacturing  Co.,  April 
29.  Object,  to  mine  for  coal,  fire  clay  and  glass- 
sand  in  Placer  county.  Capital  stock,  $t,ooo.ooo. 
Directors — A.  J.  Angell.  O.  Arnold,  A,  H.  Gales, 
A.  Barron  and  J.  R.  Kelly. 


Austin. — The  Virginia  Enterprise  eays  there 
are  now  employed  in  Aastin  bat  twelve  men  on 
day'e  pay,  and  there  are  not  many  more  em- 
ployed &B  tributera.  A  Chicago  company  baa  a 
bond  on  the  principal  mines  of  the  diBtriot, 
whioh  will  fall  dne  in  Jaly,  when  it  is  hoped 
they  will  pay  np  and  resume  operationa.  The 
reenmption  of  mining  operations  in  Aastin 
means  the  expenditure  of  a  oonslderable  ontlay 
of  money,  bat  the  conditions  would  aeem  to 
jaatify  it.  The  mines  have  been  worked  to  the 
water  level,  and  they  have  paid  their  way  and 
handaome  dividends  over  and  above  the  cost  of 
operations.  lb  is  therefore  most  reasonable  to 
presume  that  with  much  better  means  for  the 
handling,  extraction  and  reduction  of  ores,  and 
cheaper  material,  they  oan  be  made  to  pay 
below  the  water  level,  over  and  above  the  ex- 
pense of  pumping  the  water. 


318 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[May  10,  1890 


n^ECHAJMIGAL  pROCBRESS. 

The  Difference  Between  Siemens-Martin 
Steel  and  Siemens  Steel. 

It  ia  a  common  mistake,  even  amoog  those 
who  ahould  be  familiar  with  such  matters,  to 
confound  Siemene-Martin  eteel  with  Siemens 
eteel  pare  and  simple.  The  two  steels  are 
manufactured  by  essentially  different  processes, 
the  former  by  the  Martin  process  in  a  Siemens 
regenerative  furnace,  hence  the  compoand  name, 
and  the  latter  by  the  Siemens  process  proper. 

Mr.  F.  J.  K.  Canelta,  a  ateel  works  manager 
of  Wales,  makes  the  following  clear  distinction: 

"  In  the  earlier  or  Siemens-Martin  process, 
malleable  iron,  wrought  scrap,  or  scrap  steel  is 
melted  in  a  bath  of  pig  iron,  from  which  the 
impurities  are  eliminated  solely  by  the  action 
of  the  flame  and  the  addition  of  spiegel  or  ferro- 
manganese.  Wrought  metal  or  scrap  is  an 
essential  element  of  the  process,  and  no  ore  is 
used.  In  the  Siemens  process,  on  the  other 
hand,  a  much  larger  relative  quantity  of  pig 
iron  is  employed,  and  although  scrap  ie  also 
generally  worked  up,  the  process  can  very  well 
go  on  without  it.  Then,  again,  the  impurities 
are  driven  out  from  the  pig  iron  by  the  addition 
to  the  bath  of  a  properly'Seleot^d  iron  ore, 
which  becomes  reduced  while  its  oxygen  car- 
ries away  the  carbon  and  assists  in  the  forma- 
tion of  a  silicious  slag.-  B^th  processes  require 
Mashet's  addition  of  ferro  manganese  at  the 
end,  a  common  need  for  most  steeUmaklng 
processes.  It  will  require  very  little  further 
explanation  to  show  that  the  Siemens  process 
lends  itself  more  readily  than  the  Sumeus 
Martin  to  the  production  of  large  quantities  of 
a  high  class  material  of  uniform  nature,  as  pig 
iron  and  iron  ore  of  the  necessary  quality  are 
always  available  in  any  required  amounts, 
whereas  wrought  iron  scrap  and  scrap  steel  are 
very  difficult  to  procure  in  quantity  and  of  the 
requisite  quality." 

The  Fusing  Point  of  Blast  Furnace 
Slags. — Tde  Journal  of  the  Society  of  Cnemi- 
cat  Industry  says  that  the  results  of  some  ex- 
periments on  the  fasing  points  of  blast  furnace 
slags  recently  made  by  P,  Gredt,  of  Germany, 
are  of  much  importance  for  both  the  iron  and 
pottery  industries.  For  the  economical  work- 
ing of  a  blast  furnace,  the  melting  point  of  the 
slags  which  are  formed  is  of  ooneequence,  as 
these  ought  to  melt  in  the  furnace  at  the  same 
temperature  as  the  iron.  If  they  melt  at  a 
lower  temperature  they  will  combine  with  some 
of  the  iron,  and  if  at  a  higher  temperature  a 
waste  of  fuel  takes  place.  The  formation  of  a 
suitable  slag  must  therefore  be  carefully  regu- 
lated by  the  addition  of  various  gangues  and 
flaxes  in  definite  proportions.  Toe  slage  ob- 
tained from  a  blast  furnace  in  good  working 
order  consist  almost  entirely  of  silica,  alumina, 
lime  and  magnesia,  together  with  small  qtian 
titles  of  alkalis  and  iron.  The  author  obtained 
the  requeite  materials  as  pure  as  possible,  and 
made  them  up  with  pure  dextrin  into  tetrahe- 
dra  resembling  Seger's  cones.  Two  series  ol 
plage  were  prepared  in  this  manner  :  In  Series 
I  the  amount  of  silica  was  kept  constant  and 
the  proportions  of  lime  and  alumina  varied 
from  no  lime  to  no  alumina,  while  in  Series  II 
the  cone  with  the  lowest  melting  point  in  Series 
I — No.  11 — was  taken  as  the  basis,  and  the 
lime  in  it  gradually  replaced  by  magnesia.  Id 
this  manner  the  temperature  of  formation  of 
slags  containing  silica,  lime,  magnesia,  and 
alumina  in  every  proportion  was  ascertained. 
From  such  experimental  data  a  slag  can  be  com- 
pounded to  melt  at  any  desired  temperature. 

Malleable  Bronze.  —  A  patent  has  been 
taken  cut,  both  in  England  and  France,  says 
the  Boston  Journal  of  Commerce,  by  A.  San- 
tex,  C.  Mareohal  and  A,  Siunier,  establishing  a 
process  for  producing  malleable  and  ductile 
bronze  bars  or  plates,  which  are  free  from  oracke 
and  blowholes,  are  "inoxidizible,"  and  which 
may  be  "  rolled  and  drawn  with  the  greatest 
ease."  Moreover,  the  metal  has  the  appear* 
anceand  ^'sonorosity  of  gold."  Oaeand  a  half 
kilos  of  tin  are  purihed  by  melting  nnder  niter. 
Ten  kilos  of  copper  are  melted,  and  50  grammes 
of  equal  parts  of  nitrate  and  cyanide  of  potassi- 
um are  added,  for  the  double  purpose  of  reduc- 
ing the  oxide  and  ''fattening"  the  metal. 
Then  25  grammes  of  bitartrate  of  potassium, 
with  the  same  quantity  of  cyanide,  are  added, 
and  after  polling,  the  tin  is  introduced  ;  25 
grammes  each  of  sal-ammoniac  and  cyanide  are 
thrown  on,  one  gramme  of  "phosphnret  of 
copper  "  introdaced  to  "  impart  mildness,"  and 
20  grammes  of  "  Marseilles  soap  "  added,  which 
■till  further  "fattens  "  the  metal.  Finally,  one 
gramme  of  sodium  is  added  at  the  moment  of 
casting. 

Woven  Wike  Belts. — Machine  belts  made 
of  woven  steel  wire  are  now  being  manufact- 
ured. Baits  so  made  can  be  readily  lengthened 
or  shortened,  and  the  joint  cannot  be  dis- 
tinguished from  the  rest  of  the  belt.  They  are 
vary  strong,  run  very  smoothly,  and  are  claimed 
to  be  specially  adapted  for  driving  fast-running 
machinery. 

A  New  Mechanical  Instrument  has  been 
devised  by  a  French  inventor,  which  is  said  to 
indicate  with  marvelous  accuracy  the  exact 
spot  where  interior  flaws  in  iron  and  eteel  are 
concealed,  the  proof  being  obtained  by  fract- 
uring the  rails  to  see  whether  the  invention  had 
really  discovered  the  presence  of  defects  not 
outwardly  visible.    Very  satisfactory  experi- 


ments were  recently  made  with  the  instrument 
at  the  Ermont  Works  of  the  French  Northern 
Railway.  This  Instrument  will  be  of  special 
value  in  testing  the  soundness  of  rails  for  rail- 
road tracks,  for  the  reason  that  a  large  propor- 
tion of  railroad  accidents  occur  from  rails  which 
break  from  such  hidden  causes  as  it  is  claimed 
this  device  will  detect.  The  instrument  is 
both  mechanical  and  electrical  in  character. 


The  Measurement  of  Drawn  Wires. — The 
determination  of  the  thickness  of  metal  in  all 
forms  is  so  delicate  an  operation  that  it  is  no 
wonder  there  are  constant  disputes  over  the 
gauges.  Interest  must  therefore  be  attached 
to  the  new  apparatus  for  measurement  which 
Mr.  W.  H.  Johnson  exhibited  at  the  last  meet 
ing  of  the  Manchester,  Eag.,  Philosophical  So- 
ciety. The  inventor  said  it  could  measure 
thicknesses  from  1-10,000  inch  to.  three-fourths 
inch.  In  the  paper  which  Mr,  Johnson  read 
he  pointed  out  that  workers  in  metal  must 
from  a  very  early  time  have  required  mnoh 
more  accnrate  means  of  measurement  than 
other  artisans.  Wire-drawing  is  a  very  old  in- 
dustry, and  it  is  remarkable  that  in  Africa 
Livingstone  saw  wire  drawn  by  a  method  the 
same  in  principle  as  the  most  modern  methods, 
with  the  exception  that  machinery  is  used  in 
the  latter.  Mr.  Johnson  said  his  new  gauge  is 
an  adaptation  of  the  micrometer  screw,  which 
for  certain  practical  purposes  he  conBid'>red 
handier  than  Sir  Joseph  Whitworth's. — Eng- 
lish paper. 

New  Invention  in  Glass  Industry  — An 
invention  has  been  perfected  in  the  glass  indus- 
try which,  it  is  stated,  will  accomplish  a  com- 
plete revolution  in  that  branch  of  manufacture. 
Until  the  present  it  has  only  been  possible  to 
produce  sheet  glass  by  blowing  a  hollow  cylin- 
der, which  was  then  cut  ofl',  separated  and  pol- 
ished, Au  American  manufacturer  has  now 
suoceedad  in  producing  glass  plates  of  great 
breadth  and  of  any  desired  length,  by  means  of 
rolling.  Glass  thus  produced  is  said  to  possess 
a  far  greater  homogeneity,  firmness  and  trans 
parency,  and  it  has,  on  the  upper  surface,  a 
brilliancy  which  la  hardly  to  be  distinguished 
from  art  plate  glass.  The  material  part  of  the 
invention  consists  in  the  application  of  the 
peculiar,  undulated,  hollow  metal  rollers,  heat- 
ed from  the  inside  by  means  of  steam  or  gas. 
The  rollers  eeizs  the  sticky,  liqaid  glass  which 
is  conducted  to  them  from  the  bottom  of  a 
melting-tub,  without  the  intervention  of  any 
other  apparatus  whatever. 

Sewing  Machines  in  Germany. ^The  Ger- 
mans are  making  epeoial  exurtions  to  extend 
the  inarket  for  their  iron  and  machinery  prod 
ucts  in  the  trade  centers  of  the  world.  They 
are  now  sendiog  some  200,000  newing  machines 
annually  to  Sjuth  America.  Oae  of  the  larg- 
est Girman  manufacturers  of  these  machines 
which  turns  out  about  80,000  a  year,  purposes 
to  establish  a  large  warehouse  in  Chicago, 
when  he  expects  tn  undersell  American  ma- 
chines, looking  chitfl/  for  customers  among  his 
countrymen  who  have  settled  in  this  country, 
'the  tariff  men  in  Congress  should  see  to  it  that 
our  own  mechanics  are  property  protected  in 
this  direction. 


Improvements  IN  Soldering — A  soldering 
apparatus  recently  patented  ia  made  with  metal 
discs  for  holding  the  work,  and  heating  burn- 
ers attached.  A  treadle  apparatus  is  provided, 
which  actuates  vertically  moving  soldering 
irons,  raising  and  lowering  the  soldering  irons 
above  the  disc.  By  this  apparatus  it  is  claimed 
one  man  can  solder  a  large  number  of  tin  cans 
in  a  comparatively  short  time.  A  soldering 
iron  has  been  invented  by  a  Garman  which 
contains  a  chamber  into  which  and  from  which 
fluid  solder  may  be  drawn  and  forced  by  pneu- 
matic action. 


Bad  Policy. — An  English  exchange  says: 
"A  contract  for  ^400.000  worth  of  ateel  rails 
has  been  given  by  the  Government  to  a  foreign 
firm.  Of  this  sum  upward  of  $250,000  means 
wages,  which  are  to  be  earned  by  foreign  work- 
ingmen,  while  English  workingmen  are  starv- 
ing. All  the  postal  cards  used  in  Eagland  are 
made  abroad."  Eoglish  mechanics  and  others 
in  England  are  becoming  alarmed  at  the  large 
amount  of  money  which  is  going  out  of  that 
country  to  support  the  working  people  of  other 
lands. 

The  Iron  Trade.— It  ia  stated  that  the  ex- 
tent of  railroad  track  now  in  process  of  con- 
struction in  this  country  or  in  actual  c^rly  con- 
templation, will  call  for  no  less  than  2  000,000 
tons  of  rails.  This  means  an  immense  increase 
of  business,  not  only  iu  the  manufacture  of  iron, 
but  in  every  branch  of  industry  connected  with 
the  equipment  and  running  of  new  roade,  in- 
crease of  commercial  activity,  etc. 

Iron  Foundries  in  Mexico  are  said  to  be 
Rrowing  quite  numerous,  and  the  work  pro- 
duced is  described  as  satisfactory  on  the  whole. 
There  are  some  machinery  establishments, 
chiefly  worked  by  turbines,  but  these  yield 
poor  results,  and  practically  cannot  compete 
with  imported  machinery.  Other  iron  goods 
are  not  made  to  any  extent  in  the  country. 

The  Mechanical  and  Electrical  Unit  — 
A  horsepower  in  machinery  means  the  raising 
of  550  pounds  a  foot  a  second ;  but  the  prac- 
tical unit  of  power  in  electrical  science  is  the 
watt,  which  is  equal  to  one  seven  hundred  and 
forty-sixth  of  a  hors«-power.  It  is  so  called  in 
honor  of  Watt,  who  first  defined  the  measure- 
Qient  of  horse-power, 


SeiENTiFie  Pr.o(bress. 


Difference  Between  Coke  and  Charcoal. 

Dr.  W.  Thoerner,  in  an  article  published  in 
Stahl  und  Msen,  gives  the  result  of  a  series  of 
experiments  designed  to  bring  out  the  com- 
parative characters  of  coke  and  charcoal.  He 
points  out  that  charcoal  consists  of  a  large 
number  of  more  or  less  regularly  arranged  cells, 
joined  to  one  another  longitudinally.  The 
walls  of  the  cells  are  easily  permeable  by  gases, 
and  readily  oxidiziible.  Coke,  on  the  con- 
trary, contains  generally  separate  unconnected 
cells  or  groups  of  cells,  the  walls  of  which  are 
composed  of  dense  vitreous  substance  which 
is  impermeable  by  gases  and  exceeding 
difficult  to  oxidize.  Coke  acts  differently  from 
charcoal  in  the  furnace,  and  less  advantageous- 
ly because  of  these  dlA'arences.  If,  therefore, 
it  were  possible  to  c&use  the  structure  and 
character  of  ooke  to  more  nearly  resemble  char- 
coal, either  by  rendering  it  more  porous  with- 
out sacrificing  strength  or  by  making  it  more 
easily  oxidizible,  the  coke  would  be  greatly 
imoroved. 

Br.  Thoerner  gives  the  results  of  several  an- 
alyses, from  which  it  seems  that  ordinary  gas 
coke  possesses  lower  real  and  apparent  specific 
gravity  than  oven  coke,  and  shows  more  cell 
space  in  its  substance.  Wood  charcoal  poesesses 
thrice  the  purity  of  coke,  with  much  lower 
specific  g''avity  and  sometimes  double  the  cell 
space.  Pme  charcoal,  the  most  porous  of  all, 
possesses  the  densest  charcoal  substance.  In 
charcoal,  the  smallest  details  of  the  original 
structure  of  the  wood  are  preseivgd;  the  ar- 
rangement of  the  cells  being  such  that  the 
gaseous  products  of  carbonization  can  easily 
escape  without  rupturing  the  substance.  Cdu- 
seqaently,  when  the  charcoal  is  burnt,  the  en- 
trance and  circulation  of  oxygen  in  the  cells  is 
equally  easy.  The  charcoal  substance  does  not 
piss  through  a  stage  of  fusion  in  the  carboniz- 
ing process;  whereas  in  coke  the  substance  has 
baen  fused  into  a  dense,  Impenetrable,  vitreous 
mass,  through  which,  in  cons' queues  of  the 
want  of  continuity  between  the  cells,  the  oxy- 
gen can  only  slowly  penetrate. 


The  March  of  Scientific  Discovery. 

Mr,  John  Cox,  M.  A.,  on  Monday  evening 
delivered,  at  the  Gresham  College,  a  lecture,  in- 
troductory to  a  course,  on  "The  March  of 
Scientific  Discovery."  He  said  that,  although 
the  importance  of  scientific  discovery  was 
recognized,  it  was  questionable  whether  the  in- 
fluence which  it  exerted  upon  modern  life  was 
folly  appreciated.  He  referred  to  the  great 
advantages  which  had  taken  place  during  the 
present  century,  particularly  mentioning  steam 
and  electric  power,  the  latter  being,  he  thought, 
still  in  its  infancy.  By  the  aid  of  science  all 
qaarters  of  the  globe  had  been  brought  in  daily 
communication,  and  in  every  departmeot  of  in- 
dustry, where  mere  brute  force  was  required, 
the  labor  was  bsing  taken  from  the  shoulders  of 
men  and  placed  upon  machinery,  and  great 
scientific  diecoveries  necessarily  brought  about 
great  social  changes. 

In  the  course  of  the  lectures  which  he  would 
deliver,  his  endeavor  would  be  to  draw  partic- 
ular attention  to  the  intimate  connection  which 
existed  between  the  difi'erent  branches  of 
science.  The  simple  laws  of  motion  stood  at 
the  beginning  of  the  study,  and  when  they 
were  thoroughly  understood,  they  would  be 
able  to  understand  the  conservation  of  energy 
and  the  connection  which  existed  betiveen  the 
different  branches  of  science  in  relation  to  the 
methods  by  which  discoveries  had  been  made. 
From  the  time  of  the  Greek  philosophers, 
until  200  or  300  years  ago,  hardly  any  prog- 
ress was  made,  but  that  which  had  been  made 
since  was  very  great,  and  it  seemed  likely  to  go 
on,  because  people  had  learned  to  rely  upon 
facts  rather  than  upon  arguments  and  theories. 

In  conclusion,  he  said  that  his  object  was  not 
to  give  any  description  of  the  latest  modern  dis- 
coveries, but  rather  to  accept  the  march  of  sci- 
ence as  a  whole  from  the  earliest  principle  up 
to  the  present  time,  keeping  in  view  the  close 
connection  between  the  diffsrent  branches,  and 
by  means  of  illustration  to  show  tbn  mntbod  by 
which  it  had  moved  forward. — London  Iron 
and  Steel  Trades  Journal. 


The  North  Pole, — Dr.  Nansen  is  now  to 
make  an  effort  to  discover  the  north  pole. 
His  hopes  are  founded  upon  the  theory  that 
there  is  a  warm  ocean  current  from  the 
north  coast  of  Siberia  sweeping  across  the 
ocean  from  that  point  to  and  down  the  east 
coast  of  Greenland.  The  north  pole,  he 
believes,  is  in  the  direct  track  of  that  current. 
He  is  convinced  that  this  theory  is  true  from 
the  fact  that  some  portions  of  the  cargo  of  the 
ill-fated  Jeannette  were  found  some  two  years 
after  her  wreck  near  the  southern  point  of 
Greenland,  He  is  confident  that  if  he  can 
place  a  vessel  in  that  current,  which  must  be 
warm  and  in  an  open  sea,  he  can  reach  the  pole 
without  any  serious  obstruction  from  ice.  This 
was  evidently  the  theory  and  intent  of  the 
lamented  Da  Long.  The  day  before  the  Jean- 
nette left  San  Francisco  harbor  the  writer  of 
this  paragraph  had  a  long  and  confidential  in- 
terview with  one  of  the  members  of  the  soien- 
tifio  party  on  board  the  Jeannette,  who  told  us 
that  the  first  we  should  hear  of  the  ship  would 
probably  be  from  off  the  east  coast  of  Green- 
land; that  they  expected  by  sailing  in  a  north- 1 


west  direction,  after  passing  through  Behring 
straits,  to  reach  a  northeasterly  warm  current 
which  would  take  them  directly  to  the  east 
coast  of  Greenland.  That  the  Jeannette  actually 
reached  the  border  of  such  a  current  Is  evi- 
denced by  the  fact  that  the  floating  materials 
from  the  wreck  above  alluded  to  could  not 
have  reached  the  place  where  they  were  seen 
upon  any  other  hypothesis. 


Electric  Currents  in  the  Skin, — An  in- 
teresting study  baa  been  lately  made  by  Herr 
Tarchenoff  of  electric  ourrents  in  the  skin  from 
mental  excitation.  Unpolarizable  clay  elec- 
trodes, connected  with  a  delicate  galvanometer, 
were  applied  to  various  parts — hands,  fingers, 
feet,  toea,  nose,  ear  and  back,  and  after  com- 
pensation of  any  currents  which  occurred  dur- 
ing rest,  the  effects  of  mental  stimulation  were 
noted.  Light  tickling  with  a  brush  causes, 
after  a  few  seconds'  period  of  latency,  a  gradu- 
ally increasing  strong  deflection.  Hot  water 
has  a  like  effect;  cold,  or  the  pain  from  a  needle- 
prick,  a  less.  Sound,  light,  taste  and  amell 
stimuli  act  similarly.  If  the  eyes  have  been 
closed  some  time,  mere  opening  of  them  causes 
a  considerable  deflection  from  the  skin  of  the 
hand.  It  is  remarkable  that  these  skin  cur- 
rents aleo  arise  when  the  sensations  are  merely 
Imagined.  Mental  effort  produces  currents 
varying  with  its  amount.  If  a  person  is  in 
tense  expectation,  the  galvanometer  mirror 
makes  irregular  oscillations.  In  all  the  exper- 
iments it  appeared  that,  with  eqaal  nerve  ex- 
citation, the  strength  of  the  skin-ourrents 
depended  on  the  degree  to  which  the  part  of 
the  akin  bearing  the  electrodes  was  furnished 
with  sweat-glands. — Electrician. 


The  Colors  of  a  Sunbeam. We  speak 

of  the  eun's  Itght  as  colorless,  says  the  author 
of  ''The  Story  of  the  Heavens,"  just  as  we 
speak  of  water  as  tasteleea,  but  both  of  these 
expressions  relate  rather  to  our  own  feelings 
than  to  anything  really  characteristic  of  water 
or  of  sunlight.  We  regard  the  sunlight  as  col- 
orless because  it  forms,  as  it  were,  the  back- 
ground on  which  all  colors  are  depicted.  The 
fact  is,  that  white  is  so  far  from  being  color- 
less that  it  contains  every  hue  known  to  us 
blended  together  in  certain  proportions.  The 
sun's  light  is  really  extremely  composite.  Nat- 
ure herself  tells  us  this,  if  we  will  but  give 
her  the  slightest  attention.  Whence  come  the 
beautiful  hues  with  which  we  are  all  familiar  ? 
Look  at  the  lovely  tints  of  a  garden;  the  red  of 
the  roae  is  not  in  the  rose  itselF,  All  the  rose 
does  is  to  grasp  the  sunbeams  which  fall  upon 
it,  extract  from  these  beams  the  red  which  is 
in  them,  and  radiate  that  red  light  into  your 
eyes.  Were  there  not  red  rays  commingled 
with  the  other  rays  in  the  sunbeam,  there 
could  be  no  red  roae  to  be  seen  by  sunlight. 


The  Spirit  of  the  Age  — There  ia  no  such 
thing  in  this  day  and  generation,  aptly  says  the 
Medical  Visitor,  as  "making  haste  slowly."  If 
the  Coicsgo  business  man  could  be  shot  through 
a  pneumatic  tube  into  New  York  City  in  the 
space  of  a  few  minutes,  the  limited  express 
train  taking  24  hours  to  reach  th^re  would  no 
longer  be  patronized;  and  if  the  New  Yorker 
oould  land  in  Liverpool  in  less  than  two  days 
via  an  air  line,  the  ocean  greyhounds  would 
find  their  day  of  ust^fuluess  had  fled.  No  one 
has  time  to  build  Egyptian  pyramids  nowa- 
days; indeed,  with  every  facility  to  visit  the 
land  of  the  Pharaohs,  few  of  us  have  time  even 
to  stop  and  look  at  such  works  of  art.  Speed 
is  the  necessity  of  necessities  in  our  time,  and 
if  lightning  speed  can  be  obtained,  nothing  but 
lightning  speed  will  be  tolerated.  This  rule 
applies  equally  to  firing  a  gun,  making  money, 
or  the  development  of  science.  This  century 
has  already  passed  through  the  phases  of  a  cot- 
ton age  and  an  iron  age,  and  ia  rapidly  being 
transformed  into  an  electrical  age. 


A  New  Weather  Indicator, — In  experi- 
ments repeated  thousands  of  times  since  1S50, 
M,  Falmieri,  director  of  the  observatory  of 
Vesuvius,  has  shown  that  the  electricity  of  the 
earth's  surface  is  different  from  that  of  objects 
above  it.  The  electricity  of  the  earth  is  usu- 
ally positive,  that  of  the  air  being  negative  In 
fair  weather,  and  positive  only  when  rain,  hail 
or  snow  fall  within  a  certain  distance.  The 
electricity  of  the  air  is  due  to  induction,  and  is 
maintained  while  the  inductive  infiaence  is 
steady,  changing  as  it  changes.  Observations 
of  the  electrical  condition  of  the  atmosphere 
seem  to  give  a  certain  indication  of  weather 
changes,  while  the  barometer  fails  in  some  20 
per  cent  of  oaaes,  M.  Palmieri  urges  a  sys- 
tematic testing  of  a  standard  electrometer  aa  a 
weather-predicting  instrument  at  a  snf&cieut 
number  of  stations. 


A  Curious  Illustration  of  the  theory  of 
transient  ourrents  is  that  given  iu  the  Ehctrical 
World,  A  steel  bar  fell  across  the  terminals  of 
a  dynamo,  and  the  immediate  result  was  a  vio- 
lent surface  heating  that  was  dissipated  almost 
iu  a  moment  when  the  current  ceased.  It  was 
not  the  ordinary  heating  of  a  conductor,  but  a 
true  surface  phenomenon.  Such  an  accident  is 
a  beautiful  exhibition  of  electrical  theory,  and 
fortunately  its  details  fell  into  the  hands  of 
Sir  William  Thomson,  who  promptly  inveatl- 
gated  it.  It  is  sometimes  little  things  of  this 
sort  that  lead  to  the  most  important  results,  as 
in  the  historical  case  when  the  almost  invisible 
twitch  of  a  galvanometer  needle  as  the  circuit 
was  broken  led  Faraday  to  the  discovery  of  in- 
duction. 


May  10,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


Sl9 


SOOD   i-iEjA^LTH. 


A'-TIUN    OF     ElKCTRHITV    OK      THE      HlMAN 

B"DV. — Juat  what  takea  place  Id  the  bamao 
orgaolatn  to  produce  death  from  an  electric 
uarreot  seems  to  ba  ao  uDiolved  or'^blem, 
writes  Joho  C.  Henry  in  the  EUctrical  World. 
I  have  had  a  theory  in  regard  to  this  aabjeot 
m  long  that  I  have  forgotten  whether  ic  is 
original  or  not.  It  is,  that  when  a  being  euf- 
fi-rs  death  from  an  electrio  shook,  it  is  a  pare 
uiiBe  of  internal  rapture  or  explosion  from  the 
L^eneration  of  gaa  or  vapor.  In  support  of  this 
view  I  would  refer  to  the  many  oases  in  which 
tulegraph  poles  are  torn  to  pieces.  My  observa- 
tion on  the  plains,  where  it  1b  a  very  fre.- 
ijuent  oconrrenoe,  is  that  the  lightning  follows 
the  moist  portion  of  the  pole,  which  ie  the 
LOre  or  heart;  in  this  case  the  moisture  is  va- 
porized  and  an  Fxploaion  ocoura.  The  high  re- 
Hiatance  produces  beat,  the  heat  in  turn,  eteam, 
and  the  steam  qd  explosion.  It  has  been  sag- 
gested  that  death  ia  oauBed  by  a  magnetic  or 
eleotrolytic  etfect.  I  know  of  no  experiment 
that  would  demonstrate  either  of  them,  or 
heat,  to  be  of  any  more  force  from  an  alternate 
than  from  a  direct  oarront,  and  yet  our 
sages  say  tbe  alternate  current  ia  the  more 
dangerous.  If  this  is  true,  we  should  grope 
around  in  the  dark  to  find  tbe  other  effect  that 
may  be  used  in  the  service  of  man. 


Eni.akciso  the  Ciibst. — Singers  with  no 
other  extiroiBO  but  singing  acquire  great  res- 
piratory power  and  a  remarkable  increase  in 
the  dimensions  of  their  cheats.  Numerous  ob- 
aervations  prove  that  it  is  enough  to  take  vol- 
antarily  a  certain  number  of  deep  breaths 
every  day  to  produce  in  a  short  time  an  in- 
,  oreasein  tbe  ciroumferenoe  of  the  chest.  If 
we  wish  to  gain  tbe  eame  result  from  mnscular 
exercise,  we  must  choose  a  form  of  work  which 
will  increase  the  intensity  of  the  respiratory 
effort — that  is,  an  exercise  which  briogB  pow- 
erful mnscalar  masses  into  action.  We  shall 
thus  perform  a  great  quantity  of  work  in  a 
short  time  without  producing  fatigue.  Now 
the  legs,  which  possess  three  times  as  much 
muscle  as  the  arms,  can  perform  thrice  tbe 
quantity  of  work  before  being  fatigned.  The 
lower  limbs  are,  then,  more  capable  than  the 
arms  of  awakening  the  respiratory  need,  wbiob 
is  proportional  to  tbe  expenditure  of  force. 
Thus  It  is  an  error  to  demand  from  gymnastic 
exeroiaes  practiced  with  appliances,  exeroiaea 
of  suspeneion  or  support,  any  development  of 
tbe  chest.  The  trapeze,  tbe  rings,  tbe  parallel- 
bars,  quicken  reapiration  mncb  lesa  than  run- 
ning.—  Popular  Science  Monthly. 

Indoor  and  Odtdoor  Light. — Moat  persons 
would  say  that  tbe  outside  light  ia  two  or  three 
timea  as  strong  as  that  within  our  houses.  But 
the  ratio  of  difference  ia  vastly  greater.  Care- 
fully prepared  tables,  according  to  Health, 
ahow  that  for  a  view  at  the  seashore,  com- 
prising sea  and  sky  mainly  (with  a  lens  and 
plate  of  a  certain  speed),  an  exposure  of  one- 
tenth  of  a  second  la  sufficient.  An  open  land- 
scape away  from  tbe  sea  would,  with  tbe  same 
lens,  tbe  same  aperture,  and  the  same  plate, 
require  one-third  of  a  second.  A  fairly  lighted 
interior  wonld  require  2^  minutes,  while  a 
badly  lighted  interior,  such  as  rooms  which  most 
ladiea  prefer  to  occupy,  would  require  half 
an  hour  to  obtain  an  equally  good  picture.  In 
other  words,  patients  strolling  on  tbe  seashore 
in  sunny  weather  are  in  a  light  not  two  or 
three  times  but  18,000  times  stronger  than 
that  in  tbe  ordinary  shaded  aud  curtained 
rooms  of  a  town  bouse;  and  tbe  same  patients 
walking  along  tbe  sunny  side  of  a  street  are 
receiving  more  than  5000  times  as  much  of  tbe 
health  giving  iuflaenoe  of  light  as  they  would 
receive  indoors  in  the  nsually  heavily  curtained 
rooms,  

Effect  of  Coffee  on  Microbes  — According 
to  the  Lancet,  Dr.  Luderitz  has  recently  made 
a  nnmber  of  observations  on  tbe  destructive 
power  of  coffee  upon  various  microbes.  He 
found  that  the  organisms  all  died  in  a  longer 
or  shorter  period.  In  one  aeries  of  experiments, 
anthrax  baoilli  were  destroyed  in  three  hours, 
anthrax  spores  in  four  weeks,  cholera  bacilli  in 
four  hours,  and  the  streptococcus  of  erysipelas 
in  one  day.  Good  and  bad  coffee  produce  pre- 
cisely similar  pffects. 

Sleeplessness. — A  writer  in  an  exchange 
says  be  has  diaoovered  a  remedy  for  sleeplees- 
neaa,  which  he  has  never  known  to  fail,  which 
convinces  him  that  the  whole  trouble  arises 
from  overstrain  of  the  eyes.  Take  a  small 
oloth — Bay  a  piece  of  napped  towel — and  fold  it 
in  two  small  pieces  of  Ice  at  a  proper  distance 
apart  to  exactly  cover  the  eyes  when  the  cloth  ie 
laid  across  them.  Then  lie  down,  adjust  tbe  cloth 
with  tbe  ice  over  the  closed  eyes,  and  you  will 
be  asleep  in  a  very  short  while. 

Kerosene  as  a  therapeutic  agent  is  highly 
spoken  of  by  Dr.  H.  A.  Grosa  in  tbe  Medical 
World.  It  cures  almost  all  paina,  from  tooth- 
ache to  gout  and  rheumatism.  It  ia  deodorized 
in  this  manner:  Take  of  coal  oil,  1  pint;  ni- 
tric acid,  1  ounce.  Mix.  Lat  stand  for  a 
week  and  pour  off  the  supernatant  oil.  It 
does  not  in  the  least  emell  like  coal  oil. 


Useful  Information. 


To  CODNT  THE  KkVoLDTIoNS  OK  A  ShAI-T  — 

Several  rough  and  ready  methods  of  aacertain- 
iog  the  number  of  revolutions  of  a  shaft  are 
known  to  engineers,  but  the  following  one  sng* 
gested  in  the  Manufacturer  and  Builder,  by 
M.  C.  Meigs  of  Washington,  ia  so  simple,  in- 
genious, and,  when  carefully  conducted,  so  ac- 
curate, that  we  are  sure  its  reproduction  here 
will  interest  our  mechanical  readers.  A  lead 
pencil  is  tied  fast  to  tbe  end  of  the  shaft  whose 
revolutions  are  to  be  counted,  in  such  a  man- 
ner that  it  shall  describe  a  circle  of  a  conven- 
ient size  for  obaervatlon.  If,  now,  a  piece  of 
paper  be  held  lightly  against  tbe  pencil,  the 
motion  of  tbe  pencil  will  describe  a  circle  on 
It.  If,  however,  tbe  paper  be  moved  backward 
and  forward  while  the  contact  with  the  pencil 
is  maintained,  tbe  pencil  will  describe  a  series 
of  loops  intersecting  each  other.  Ky  timing  the 
period  of  contact,  and  then  counting  the  num- 
ber of  loops  recorded  on  tbe  paper,  the  number 
of  tbe  revolutions  of  tbe  shaft  will  be  given 
with  close  approximation  to  the  truth. 


Composition  of  Colors. — To  make  flash  col- 
or, mix  white,  crimaon  and  vermilion.  Brown: 
red  and  black.  Bright  brown:  carmine,  yellow 
and  black.  Rose :  crimson,  lake  and  white. 
Chestnut:  white  and  brown.  Cream:  white, 
yellow  and  Venetian  red.  Purple:  carmine 
and  blue.  Lead  color:  white  and  black.  Sil- 
ver gray:  indigo  and  lampblack.  Pearl  gray: 
white,  b^ue  and  black.  Pearl:  blue  and  lead 
color.  Pink:  white  and  carmine.  Chocolate: 
black  and  Venetian  red.  French  white:  pur- 
ple and  white.  Green:  blue  and  yellow.  Pea 
green:  green  and  white.  Bright  green:  green 
and  white.  Dark  green:  green  and  black.  Or- 
ange: red  and  yellow.  Straw  color:  white  and 
vellow.  Olive:  red,  blue,  black  and  yellow. 
Buff:  yellow,  white  and  red.  Vermilion:  car- 
mine and  yellow.  Lavender  carmine:  ultra- 
marine and  vihite.  Sky  blue:  white  and  ul- 
tramarine. Umber:  white,  yell^iw,  red  and 
black.  Drab:  umber,  white  and  Venetian  red. 
Use  white  to  produce  light  tinta,  and  black  to 
produce  dark  tints. 


Cleaning  Files  ev  Electricity. — An  im- 
proved meana  for  cleaning  files,  which  is  claimed 
to  restore  them  to  the  condition  of  new  files,  is 
described  as  follows:  After  being  cleaned  and 
wetted,  the  files  are  dipped  between  two  car- 
bons into  acidified  water,  and  the  circuit  of  an 
electric  onrrent  is  established  between  tbe  car- 
bons and  the  file  by  means  of  a  piece  of  metal, 
serving  as  a  support  to  the  file,  by  which  tbe 
latter  is  suspended.  The  water  ia  then  decom- 
posed by  the  current,  the  oxygen  acting  upon 
the  cuttings  of  the  file,  while  the  hydrogen 
bubbles  settle  in  the  teeth  and  protect  them 
against  the  action  of  the  acidified  water.  After 
immersion  for  a  few  minutea,  the  file  ia  with- 
drawn and  brushed  in  clear  water  to  remove 
the  oxide  of  iron,  and  then  replaced  In  the 
bath.  When  tbe  cuttings  are  entirely  cleared, 
tbe  file  should  be  immersed  in  an  alkaline  bath 
to  remove  all  traces  of  tbe  acid,  then  dried  and 
brushed. 

Mr.  Eiffel,  who  baa  got  his  name  up  ao 
high  with  his  Paris  tower,  baa  made  a  proposi 
tion  in  connection  with  Mr,  Edison  to  erect  a 
similar  structure  for  tbe  Chicago  Expoaition, 
and  to  remain  there  aa  a  permanent  structure, 
which  shall  be  500  feet  higher  than  the  Paria 
tower.  It  is  proposed  to  place  many  thousand 
colored  electric  lights  along  the  structure  to 
render  it  one  of  tbe  moat  beautiful  and  marvel- 
ouB  spectacles  which  tbe  world  has  ever  seen. 
If  the  plans  thev  propose  meet  with  tbe  ap- 
proval of  the  Exposition  directors,  Meaara. 
Edison  and  Eiffel  intend  to  take  upon  them- 
selves all  tbe  pecuniary  responsibility  of  the 
work  as  a  private  speculation. 


Tenn.,  found  a  mammoth  piece,  measuring 
probably  ten  feet  equare,  thongh  very  irregu 
lar,  and  by  BkUlful  manipulation  they  got  out  a 
block  six  feet  by  four  feet  by  three  feet,  weigh- 
ing 2f  ton£ — without  doubt  the  largest  solid 
piece  of  coal  ever  taken  out  of  a  Southern  mine. 
It  waa  perfect  in  proportions  and  Equared  on  all 
aides,  but  in  moving  a  piece  was  knocked  off  a 
corner  that  marred  the  symmetry  of  the  whrl'>. 


E'LECTPjeiTY, 


Poisonous  Leaves  — N^ver  touch  a  vine  that 
has  three  fingered  leaves — that  is,  leaves  di- 
vided into  three  parts.  Vinea  that  show  five- 
fingered  leavea  may  be  handled  with  safety 
Poison  ivy  baa  three  fingers, 


A  New  Cleansing  Product  has  recently 
been  devised  at  Heidelberg,  Germany,  which 
is  said  to  be  of  great  value  for  cleansing,  prior 
to  bleaching,  not  only  cotton  but  all  kinds  of 
vegetable  fibers.  The  method  of  manufacture 
ia  kept  secret.  It  is  a  gray  powder,  colorless, 
and  partially  aoluble  in  water.  An  analysis 
made  by  Dr.  Zirnite  shows  it  to  contain  27  per 
cent  of  soluble  matters,  21  per  cent  of  which 
waa  carbonate  of  aoda;  30.8  per  cent  consisted 
of  silica  and  oxidea  of  iron  and  alumina;  there 
waa  84  per  cent  of  lime,  with  small  quantities 
of  sulphide  of  lime. 

Brick  from  Slate. — Northern  manufactur- 
ers are  interested  in  tbe  statement  that  tbe  fin- 
est brick  made  in  the  South  are  from  tbe  refuse 
of  slate  quarries.  They  have  a  double  resisting 
power  and  absorb  only  one-third  aa  much  water 
as  ordinary  brick. 

Welding  Malleable  Iron. — You  can  weld 
malleable  cast-iron  plates  by  riveting  them  to- 
gether and  ualng  a  flux  of  powdered  borax  and 
Norwegian  or  crucible  steel  filings,  equal  parta. 
Let  tbe  first  blows  of  your  hammer  be  tender 
ones. 

To  Make  Waterproof  Writing  Ink,  an 
ink  which  will  not  blur  if  tbe  writing  ie  ex- 
posed to  rain:  Dissolve  two  ounces  abellao  in 
one  pint  alcohol  (95  percent),  filter  through 
chalk,  and  mix  with  best  lampblack. 


A   Huge  Mass   of  CoAL.^The  men  at  the 
Koane  Iron  Company'a  mine,  near  Kockwood, 


Storage  Batteries  and  Tlieir  Use. 

A  few  months  ago,  comparatively  speaking, 
the  electrical  scientists  were  interested  only  In 
the  action  of  the  secondary  or  storage  battery. 
Some  prophecies  were  made  as  to  what  it 
might  he  in  the  practical  world,  but  these 
prophecies  were  merely  looked  upon  as  the  en- 
thusiastic expression  of  dreamers.  To-day 
the  country  ia  full  of  storage  batteriea  of  many 
makes,  and  the  Patent  Oliice  reports  new  in- 
ventions and  improvements  every  week.  To- 
day a  storage  battery  is  useful  in  many  ways, 
and  is  almost  a  necessity  in  some  cases. 

As  the  storage  battery,  or,  aa  it  may  more 
properly  be  calleij,  the  accumulator,  atands  to- 
day,itB  uaefulnesa  for  work  dependa  upon  partial- 
ly known  laws  of  chemistry  and  common-sense 
laws  of  mechanism.  The  chemical  laws  taken 
advantage  of  by  tbe  maker  of  any  accumulator 
are  invariably  the  same, 

Tbe  method  of  building  a  battery  so  aa  to 
make  uae  of  the  chemical  action  to  the  greatest 
advantage,  varies  greatly  in  different  batteries; 
but  It  is  now  pretty  well  ascertained  that  the 
electromotive  force  to  be  gotten  out  of  a 
charged  battery  la,  for  the  moment,  about  the 
eame  in  all  varieties,  and  that  this  force,  when 
obtained,  will  do  a  certain  amount  of  work. 
Quite  an  accurate  estimate  can  ba  obtained  as 
to  what  can  be  done  in  certain  conditions. 
But  the  difiBculty  ia  that  although  batteries  are 
chemically  all  alike,  one  battery  may  be  more 
eilicient  than  another  for  a  short  time,  owing  to 
its  peculiar  mechanical  conatruction.  "The 
leas  the  internal  resiatance,"  saya  the  Electrical 
World,  '*  the  greater  percentage  of  delivered 
work,  z.  e,  low  resistance  to  a  certain  point. 
Too  low  internal  resistance  would  prevent  a 
battery  from  holding  a  charge  for  any  length 
of  time,  if  left  unused.  Make  the  battery  ao 
that  the  efficiency  of  the  work  being  known 
and  calculated  upon,  this  efficiency  can  be 
counted  upon  always  for  auch  a  length  of  time 
of  uae,  which  would  make  auch  batteries  an 
economical  purchase.  Possibly,  to  do  this 
might  neceasitate  a  form  of  manufacture  or 
building  which  might  show  a  slight  increase  of 
resistance,  but  which  would,  by  its  constant 
work,  sustain  tbe  first  estimate  made  upon  it 
under  all  aituatlons  of  rough  work  or  sodden 
change  of  temperature,  for  auch  a  length  of 
time,  in  yeara,  aa  would  make  the  plant  profit- 
able. Such  a  battery  built  for  uae  for  constant 
work,  under  any  ciroumstances,  which  will 
give  out  many  timea  more  current  at  once,  if 
called  for,  than  tbe  normal  demand  might  be, 
without  any  detriment  to  its  stability,  is  now 
upon  the  market,  and  atreet-car  traction  men 
would  do  well  to  try  it. 

**  All  of  a  year's  trial  is  neceaaary,  in  many 
ways  of  practical  work,  to  tell  what  a  storage 
battery  will  do  under  all  circumstances,  and 
bow  well  it  will  stand  the  work  without  ma- 
terial deterioration.  Laboratory  tests  deter- 
mine very^  little  in  such  oases." 

Storage  Battery  Traction 
Has  come  to  stay,  and  in  many  places,  especial 
ly  abroad,  it  is  the  only  way  of  utiliziog  elec- 
tricity for  city  traffic,  Tbe  reports  from  Lon- 
don have  been  of  a  much  more  encouraging 
character,  and  it  is  probably  only  a  question  of 
time  when  tbe  present  difficulties  will  in 
large  measure  disappear.  The  experiments  in 
New  York  have  met  with  considerable  auoceas, 
and  the  indioationa  are  that  the  storage  battery 
car  will  soon  become  an  important  part  of  the 
regular  rapid  transit  system  in  that  city.  In 
aome  way  or  other  the  borae  must  go,  and  the 
great  first  coat  of  cables  goes  far  to  offset  tbe 
lower  '  ffioiency  of  tbe  storage  system. 

In  London,  some  interesting  experimental 
trials  have  recently  i  been  made  on  the  South- 
wark  Subway  with  the  electric  locomotive,  by 
which  the  trains  on  this  new  underground  line 
are  to  be  worked,  and  highly  satisfactory  re- 
Bults  have  been  obtained.  With  a  train  of 
tbrpe  carriages,  carrying  100  persons— a  speed 
of  20  miles  an  hour  was  obtained,  and  tbe  loco- 
motive alone  ran  at  a  speed  of  30  miles  an 
hour. 

In  Chicago,  a  ayndioate  of  Chicago  capitalists 
have  bought  the  Woodward  storage  battery, 
which  had  propelled  a  street-car  aatisfactorily 
for  a  week,  for  $300,000,  Manufacturing  works 
will  be  established  near  that  city.  It  will 
probably  be  the  solution  of  the  street-motor 
question, . 

The  Fastest  Time  made  by  an  electric  rail- 
way is,  according  to  the  Age  of  Steel,  a  mile  a 
minute  by  a  small  experimental  car.  On  a 
street  railway  system  20  miles  an  hour  is  the 
fastpst.  The  prediction  is  made  by  a  writer  in 
Scribner's  Magazine  for  April,  that  within  ten 
years  there  will  not  be  a  horse  railroad  in  any 
prominent  city  in  the  country.  The  number  of 
electric  railways  now  op-rating  and  in  course 
of  construction  in  the  United  States  ia  esti- 
mated at  179,  representing  1260  milea  of 
traok. 


Enqijvieef^ing  J]otes. 


The  Utilization  OK  the  Tides. — That  the 
enormous  unuaed  tide-power  along  the  various 
city  fronts  of  the  country  will  soon  be  set  to 
actual  and  economic  work,  goes^without  saying. 
Many  inventors  are  at  work  upon  this  problem- 
'Juite  recently  several  patents  have  been 
allowed  to  Mr,  H,  B,  Rankin  of  Boston  for  a 
**  tide  motor,"  and  a  company  has  been  formed 
in  that  city  to  construct  a  plant  whioh  will 
make  it  possible,  it  ia  asserted,  for  the  public 
to  be  supplied  with  motor-power  for  all  me- 
chanical unes  at  75  per  cent  less  than  the 
cheapest  method  in  tbe  market.  This  motor, 
or  a  series  of  them,  can,  it  Is  claimed,  be  placed 
upon  oor  marginal  tide-waters  and  eaeily  for- 
niah  sufficient  power  to  light  the  city  with 
electricity,  run  tbe  surface  care,  and  turn  tbe 
machinery  of  every  mechanical  plant  In  Boston, 
The  tide  in  the  harbor,  whtoh  riaes  to  the  bight 
of  10  feet,  and  lowers  10  feet,  or  which  moves 
nearly  40  feet  during  24  hours,  ia  to  be  utilized 
by  tide-water  motors.  The  Rankin  tide  motor 
consists  of  a  float  whioh  is  anchored  by  cables. 
These  cables  are  wound  around  ahafts  whioh 
pre j  act  from  tbe  aides  of  the  fioat.  Tbe  upper 
aud  lower  ends  of  the  cable  are  made  fast,  and 
of  iqual  length.  The  fioat  ia  sunken  until  it 
draws,  say  four  feet  of  water,  that  ia,  two  feet 
more  than  if  allowed  to  fi^oat  without  anchor- 
age. Being  thus  under  restraint,  any  move- 
ment of  the  float,  up  or  down,  will  cause  a 
revolution  of  the  shaft  to  which  tbe  cable  is 
attached.  This  motion,  increased  by  a  series 
of  gears  aud  pulleys,  and  concentrated  upon  a 
central  shaft,  fitted  with  a  series  of  speed  wheels, 
will  be  the  power  used  to  drive  the  dynamos. 

COMi'.iNED  Water  and  Rail  Transporta- 
tion.— A  singular  combination  of  water  and 
rail  transportation  Is  proposed  by  the  board  of 
government  engineers  that  baa  been  inveatigat- 
ing  the  obstructions  to  navigation  in  the  Col- 
umbia river.  South  America,  between  the 
O^lles  and  Celilo.  The  board  recommends  the 
construction  of  a  double  track,  standard  gauge, 
railway  along  the  falla  and  rapids  a  distance  of 
eight  miles,  upon  which  steamboats  shall  be 
carried,  being  raised  by  means  of  hydraulic 
lifts,  the  lower  of  which  will  raise  tbe  boat  6S 
feet  at  low  water  and  the  upper  will  lift  40  feet. 
Tbe  car  on  which  the  boats  are  to  be  carried  ia 
to  be  168  feet  long  by  38  wide,  having  34  four- 
wheeled  trucks  placed  in  two  lines  of  17  each. 
The  weight  of  tbe  car  is  to  be  300  tons  and  the 
weight  of  maximnm  load  600  tons,  making  the 
total  weight  of  loaded  car  900  tons,  wbiob  is 
tqaivalent  to  tbe  weight  of  30  good-sized  looo- 
motives  or  as  many  heavily  loaded  freight 
cars  of  ordinary  size.  The  estimated  cost 
of  this  marine  railway  with  equipment  of  two 
cars  and  four  engines,  including  necessary  build- 
ings, is  $2,690,000,  and  to  increase  the  capacity 
of  road,  equipment,  eto.,  to  a  maximum  of  40 
boats  will,  it  is  estimated,  make  the  total  cost 
about  $3,576,000, 


A  Submarine  Boat.  —  Some  remarkable 
things  have  been  told  of  the  Spanish  submarine 
torpedo  boat,  the  Peral,  and  these  seem  to  be  con- 
firmed if  correct  reports  are  given  of  tests  re- 
cently made  at  Cadiz,  From  these  accounts  it 
appears  that  the  speed  of  tbe  boat  when  run- 
ning on  the  surface  waa  about  eight  knots  an 
hour,  while  under  water  she  ran  between  five 
and  six  knota  an  hour.  The  boat  was  navigated 
for  over  three  hours  with  all  connection  with 
the  outer  air  completely  shut  off,  and  for  more 
than  two  hours  in  fighting  trim,  with  only  four 
inches  of  tbe  observation  turret  above  water. 
One  continuous  trip  of  40  minutes  waa  made 
with  the  boat  entirely  under  the  water,  during 
which  time  she  traveled  about  four  jniles.  The 
machinery  is  said  to  have  worked  without  tbe 
slightest  trouble,  and  during  tbe  submarine 
trips  the  crew  did  not  experience  any  Inconven- 
ience whatever. — Engineering  Journal. 


The  Nicaragua  Canal. — The  coat  of  tbe 
oroposed  Nicaragua  canal  is  now  placed  at 
$65  000,000.  The  distance  between  the  ooeana 
ia  169  miles,  but  only  29  miles  of  canal  will 
have  to  be  dug.  Tbe  San  Juan  river  must  be 
deepened  and  some  artificial  basins  constructed 
in  the  valleya  of  other  streams.  Lake  Nicara- 
gua affords  56  miles  of  free  sailing.  Tbe  Suez 
canal,  which  was  cut  out  of  the  aoll  and  sand 
for  100  miles,  cost  $81,000,000.  In  order  to 
facilitate  work  on  the  canal,  a  railroad 
is  now  in  process  of  construction  from  tide- 
water, on  the  Atlantic,  to  the  divide — a  dis- 
tance of  about  30  miles,  over  which  supplies 
and  materials  for  construction  will  be  trans- 
ported, 80  that  work  can  progress  more  rapidly 
at  several  points  along  tbe  line. 

Another  Short  Cut  for  Shipping. — A  pro- 
ject is  on  foot  to  dig  a  ship  canal  from  a  point 
opposite  Grand  island,  in  Lake  Superior,  to  the 
northern  extremity  of  Green  bay  in  Lake  Mich- 
igan, cutting  across  the  narrowest  part  of  the 
long  peninsula  between  these  two  lakes.  The 
proposed  canal  ia  to  be  36  miles  long  and  will 
save  two  days  and  a  half  for  steamers  and  five 
days  for  sailing  vessels  that  would  otherwise 
have  to  go  round  the  peninsula. 

Around  the  Falls,  —  Tbe  proposed  ship 
canal  around  Niagara  h'a.\l9  baa  been  favorably 
reported  upon  by  the  Congressional  House 
Committee  on  railroads  and  oanals.  The  bill 
will  appropriate  one  million  to  commence  the 
work,  which,  it  is  estimated,  will  eventually 
ooat  twenty-three  millionst 


320 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Mat  10,  1890 


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SAN    FRANCISCO: 

Saturday,   May   to,    1890. 


TABLE  OF  CONTENTS. 


ILLUSTRATIONS.— A  Sketch  of  Suiiter's  Fort  in 
1849;  The  WorthiDgton  Compound  Steam  Pump,  313. 
Monument  and  Statue  Erected  in  Memory  of  James 
W.  Marsliall,  321- 

BBrrottiAL..i.- Sutter's  Fort;  The  Worthington 
Steam  Pump,  313-  Pessing  Events;  The  fill  er  Ques- 
tion in  Congrcas;  Southern  Nevada;  Hydraulic  Mining; 
Dutiable  Sodag;  The  Mtchanica'  Fair;  The  Grand  Can- 
yon Discoveries,  320.  The  Marshall  Monument;  The 
Molders'  Strike,  321. 

OORBBSPOf^JDtiiNCB.  — The  Foundry  at  Sonera; 
Road  Work  in  Mendocino  County;  The  Deep  Gold 
Placers  of  California,  314 

MIS  iJELLaNBODS.— Gold  and  Silver  Product;  An 
Important  Measure  in  Fotestry  Reform,  314  The 
Irrigatiun  Surveva;  Advantages  of  Advertising,  315- 

MECHANICAL  PROGRESS.  —  The  Difference 
Between  Siemens-MarDin  Steel  and  t-iemens  St  el;  The 
Fusing  Point  of  Blast  Frirmce  Slags;  Malle  ble  Bronze; 
Woven  Wire  Belts;  The  Measurement  ot  Drawn  Wires; 
New  Inieution  in  Glaea  InHustry;  Sewiog  Machioes  in 
Germany;  ImprovemeDts  in  Soldering;  Bad  Policy; 
The  Iron  TraiJe;  Miscellaneous,  318. 

SCIENTIFIC  PROGRESS. -Difierence  Between 
Coke  and  Charcoal;  The  March  of  Scientific  Discovery; 
The  North  Pole;  Electrical  Currents  in  the  Skin;  The 
Colors  of  a  Sunbeam;  The  Spirit  of  the  Age;  A  New 
Weather  Indicator;  Miscellaneous.  318. 

GOOD  HEALTH.  —  Action  of  Electricity  on  the 
Human  Body;  Enlargine  the  Chest;  Indoor  and  Out- 
door Light;  Effect  of  Coffee  on  Microbes;  Sleeplessness; 
Miscellaneous,  319. 

USEFUL  INFORMATION.— To  Count  the  Revo- 
lutions of  a  &haft;  Composition  of  Colors;  Cleaning 
Files  bv  Electricity;  Miacellaneous,  319. 

ELECTRICITY.— Storage  Eatteriej  and  their  Use; 
Miscellaneous.  319. 

BNGINBERINQ  NOTBS.-The  Utilization  of  the 
Tides;  Combined  Water  and  Rail  Transportation;  A 
Submarine  Boat;  The  Nicaragua  CamI;  Another  Sho  t 
Cut  for  Shipping;  Arouad  the  Falls,  319- 

MINING  SUMMARY- From  the  various  counties 
of  California,  Nevada,  Arizona,  Colorado,  Idaho,  Mon- 
tana, Ne-v Mexico,  Oreeon,  Utah,  Wyoming,  316-3  17. 

MINING  STOCK  MARKET.— Sales  at  the  San 
Francisco  St^ick  Board,  Notices  of  Meetlnors.  Assess- 
mpnta.  Dividpnds.  and  Bullion  Shipments.  324 

MARKSr  RBPOBTS.-Local  Markets,  Eastern 
Metal  Markets,  324. 


Passing  Events. 

The  molders*  strike  seema  to  be  approaching 
an  end,  as  more  moldera  have  arrived  from  the 
E  lat  to  take  the  places  of  the  atrikere,  and  all 
the  ahops  are  now  supplied  except  one.  There 
have  been  aome  acts  of  violence  during  the 
past  week,  men  having  been  beaten  and  ill-need 
when  outside  the  shops,  presumably  by  strikers 
or  sympathizers. 

The  great  cantilever  bridge  across  the  Colo- 
rado, having  the  longest  span  of  any  cantilever 
bridge  in  the  world,  was  completed  this  week. 
The  bridge  is  960  feet  long,  with  a  span  of  360 
feet. 

On  Saturday  last  the  atatae  of  Marshall,  the 
discoverer  of  gold  in  California,  was  unveiled 
at  Ooloma,  with  appropriate  oeremonies. 

The  eight>bour  system  has  gone  into  effect 
with  the  bnildlng  trades  of  this  and  other  large 
cities  without  disturbance  of  any  kind.  It  is 
aaid  now  that  the  coal  miners  throughout  the 
country  are  preparing  to  quit  work.  Steam- 
boatmen  and  firemen,  tanners  and  waiters  are 
also  considering  the  question. 

There  is  nothing  of  special  interest  in  the 
mining  situation  aside  from  what  is  mentioned 
in  oar  "  Mining  Summary"  on  another  page. 
The  advance  of  spring  haa  started  up  many 
mines,  bat  there  ia  atill  a  large  quantity  of 
snow  on  the  higher  mountains. 


The  Silver  Question  in  Congress. 

The  United  Statea  Senate  has  at  last  taken 
up  the  Jones  Silver  bill,  and  it  now  looks  as  if 
it  will  be  pushed  to  a  finish.  At  this  writing 
it  la  hardly  aafe  to  predict  hi  what  shape  the 
bill  will  be  passed,  but  judging  from  the  pub- 
lished ezpreaaed  viewa  of  leading  aenators,  it 
will  be  amended  still  further  in  favor  of  bimet> 
allists,  with  free  coinage  as  a  certainty  in  the 
near  future.  It  is  quite  certain  that  the  bull- 
ion redemption  olaaae  in  the  Jones  bill  will  be 
omitted  or  canceled,  and  that  Treasury  notea 
issued  in  payment  of  the  monthly  parchases  of 
4.500,000  ounces  of  silver,  will  be  redeemable  in 
lawful  money.  This  will  make  the  Treaeury 
notea  take  precedence  over  every  other  kind  of 
paper  currency,  and  will  give  them  a  fixed 
value  abroad. 

There  ie  no  denying  but  the  prejadice  enter 
tained  in  the  Eiatern  States  againat  ailver  is 
wearing  away  anderthe  already  favorably  felt 
influence  of  the  advance  in  the  price  of  silver. 
The  recent  advance  had  a  stimulating  effect  on 
nearly  all  kinds  of  industries  by  reviving  con 
fidence,  and  at  the  same  time  prcmotinga  more 
speculative  feeling  in  every  kind  of  leading 
secnritiea. 

That  the  action  of  Congress  on  the  ailver 
question  ia  closely .  watched  abroad,  is  veri* 
fied  by  the  following  press  telegram  from 
London: 

Mr.  Gibba,  ex-governor  of  the  Bink  of  Eog- 
land  and  presid'ntof  the  Bimetallic  League, 
cabled  Senator  Jones  in  the  name  of  the  Bi- 
metallic League,  **  deeply  regretting  the  death 
of  Senator  Beck,  whose  seivices  in  the  cause  of 
monetary  reform  are  most  warmly  appreciated," 
and  adding:  "The  Bimetallist  party  in  tlie 
United  Kingdom,  now  including  over  100  mem- 
bers of  the  House  of  Commons,  attaches  the 
greatest  value  to  the  debate  about  to  commence 
in  your  illustrious  chamber.  We  fully  recog- 
nize, not  only  that  the  support  afforded  silver 
by  your  legislation  during  the  past  12  years  has 
helped  to  protect  the  industrial  world  from 
acute  monetary  crisis,  but  also  that  the  debates 
in  Cjngreaa  have  eeiv^d  more  than  all  else  to 
educate  oor  people  to  the  rfcognition  of  the 
important  issues  involved.  We  believe,  also, 
that  the  increased  coinage  of  silver  contem- 
plated by  Congress  will  restore,  wholly  or  con- 
siderably, your  coinage  rates,  and  will  tbus 
make  an  international  settlement  of  this  com- 
plex question  comparatively  easy.  We  antici- 
pate further,  with  much  confidence,  that  the 
advance  in  the  price  of  silver,  which  must  fol- 
low your  action,  will  stimulate  the  export  trade 
of  your  country,  and,  while  tending  to  the 
prosperity  of  your  agricultaral  classes,  will  also 
ansifit  thq  manufaotaring  industries  of  the 
United  K'ngdom  and  the  whole  body  of  our 
wage-earners." 

Son  them  Nevada. 

D,  0.  MtUa  is  now  in  Sm  Francisco  and  ia 
considering  the  tx tension  of  the  Carson  k. 
Colorado  railroad  southward  from  O-vens  lake. 
Sarveya  have  been  made  for  a  50-mile  extension 
and  are  now  in  his  possession  for  perusal.  This 
road  has  benefited  Esmeralda  Co.,  Nevada,  and 
Inyo  Co.,  California,  and  its  extension  south- 
ward will  have  the  effect  of  opening  up  other 
mineral  regions  along  its  line. 

The  ooanties  of  Lincoln,  Nye  and  White 
Pine  are  isolated  from  railroad  connection,  and 
these,  with  Eureka  and  Esmeralda,  form  a 
large  extent  of  mineral  region  much  of  which 
is  yet  vacant.  Several  good  gold-veins  have 
been  discovered  lately  at  Irish  mountain,  not 
far  from  Logan  and  Hiko,  Lincoln  Co.,  but  this, 
like  the  whole  regioUf  lacks  railroad  facilities 
aa  yet.  Thia  will  be  remedied  by  the  extension 
of  the  Utah  Central  beyond  Fioche  to  a  connec- 
tion with  the  Atlantic  &  Pacific.  Nye  county 
has  a  great  number  of  promising  districts  which 
will  eventaally  come  to  the  front,  but  at  pres- 
ent it  must  be  very  rich  ore  indeed  to  pay.  All 
through  the  section  referred  to  are  numbers  of 
isolated  mines,  groups  and  districts  that  capital 
has  neglected  almost  entirely,  owing  tothelaok 
of  transportation  facilities.  There  is  much  nn- 
prospected  and  undeveloped  land  which  is  of 
little  value  until  there  are  railroads  within 
reasonable  distance. 


The  Yuba  Mining  and  Smelting  Co.  have 
purchased  most  of  the  principal  mines  in  the 
Bristol  range,  Lincoln  Oo.,  Nav. 


Smelting  Works  Closed  Down, — A  special 
to  the  Chicago  Times  [from  Selena,  Montana, 
says  :  The  Helena[^&  Livingaton  Smelting  Co., 
located  at  East  Helena,  and  the  Great  Falls 
smelter  have  closed  down.  The  cause  of  sus- 
penaion  ia  difficult  to  get  at,  but  from  what  can 
be  learned  the  chief  factor  in  closing  down  ie 
the  exorbitant  freight  ratea  on  ore  to  thia  point 
as  compared  with  the  rates  to  Onaaha  and  other 
Eistern  smelting  points. 


Hydraulic  Mining, 

The  Nevada  Transcript  is  responsible  for  the 
following  statement :  '*  The  hydraulic  mines 
at  Batch  Flat  that  empty  their  debris  into  the 
American  river  are  running  regularly,  and  they 
are  not  infringing  any  law  in  doing  so.  The 
Natoma  Water  Company's  stone  dam  at  Fol- 
Bom  is  successfully  imponndiug  all  the  eliokens 
and  nobody  ia  being  injured,  while  a  great  deal 
of  gold  is  being  added  to  the  country's  wealth 
and  many  men  are  given  employment." 

If  it  is  a  fact  that  these  mines  are  rnnning 
with  the  above  result,  it  simply  verifies  the 
prediction  made  by  the  Mining  and  Scientific 
Press  last  December,  that  the  dam  in  qaestion 
would  serve  a  purpose  from  an  engineering  point 
of  view,  having  a  decided  bearing  on  the  much- 
discussed  debris  qaestion.  Although  not  built 
for  such  a  purpose,  there  is  no  doubt  of  Its 
catching  a  large  amount  of  debris.  The  small 
dams  built  by  companies  on  side  streams  could 
give  no  such  illustration  of  the  possibility  of 
impounding  debria  aa  the  large  dam  built  by 
the  State  on  a  main  stream. 

The  Aoti  Debris  Association  has  given  out 
for  publication  an  account  of  hydraulic  mines 
in  operation,  being  the  substance  of  reports 
from  the  association's  agents  in  the  mountains. 
This  statement  aays  no  hydraulic  mining  is  going 
on  at  Datoh  Flat,  notwithstanding  reports  to 
that  effect,  but  that  there  are  two  monitors  at 
work  at  Cold  Run,  Three  milea  farther  down 
there  are  two  Chinese  hydraulic  mines  in  oper- 
ation, and  there  are  one  or  more  at  Iowa  Hill. 
All  theae  diacbarge  into  the  American  river. 

The  association  ia  informed  that  there  is  no 
hydraulicking  on  B^ar  river,  and  that  the 
atream  Is  clearer  at  Datch  Flat  and  above  than 
for  many  years.  Oa  the  Smth  Yuba,  at  Col- 
umbia Hill  and  Union  Hill,  there  ia  no  hy- 
draulic mining.  At  Union  Hill  a  small  by* 
draulio  mine  recently  ceased  operations  to  avoid 
suit.  The  North  Bloomfield  is  using  only  one 
TTionitor,  and  its  only  water  supply  is  from 
Humbug  creek,  the  main  ditch  being  out  of  re- 
pair. The  debris  ie  going  into  the  settling  res- 
ervoir from  the  upper  part  of  the  mine.  The 
North  B'oomfield  is  the  only  hydraulic  mine  at 
work  on  the  South  Yuba.  On  the  Middle 
Yuba,  one  hydraulic  mine  is  reported  in  oper- 
ation. 03  the  North  Yuba  a  small  hydraulic 
mine  ia  in  operation  at  Oak  Flat.  A  gang  of 
Chinese  is  also  working  with  a  pipe  a  mile  be- 
low Downieville.  At  Eartka  North  two  hy- 
draulic monitors  are  running.  At  Brandy 
City  one  monitor  ia  in  use  in  the  Arnett  mine 
and  two  in  the  Lawrence  mine.  Richards* 
mine,  at  Eareka  North,  is  using  one  monitor- 
On  the  Feather  river,  in  Plumaa  county, 
hydraulicking  is  reported  in  a  number  of  local- 
ities. A  mine  worked  by  the  hydraulic  proc- 
ess on  Rittlesnake  creek,  Nevada  counts^, 
ceaaed  operations  after  notification  from  the 
aasooiation. 

Dutiable  Sodas. 

Editors  Press: — Kindly  inform  me  at  your 
earliest  convenience  what  quantities  of  soda  ash  and 
other  dutiable  sodas — bicarbonate,  etc. — were  im- 
ported by  California  and  the  Pacific  Coast  in  1889; 
also  what  is  the  duty  per  ton  upon  soda  in  its  various 
forms.  C.  W.  C. 

Independence,  Inyo  Co. 

[The  following  table  shows  the  imports  In 
pounds  at  Sin  Franciaco  for  the  paat  three 
years  : 

1887.  1988.            1889. 

CauBtic  soda 2,650,743  3,924,288  2,303  S26 

Soda  ash  and  sal-eoda 3,39S,32S  6,260,159  4.105.158 

Bicarbonate  of  aoda.  , 420,309  416,063       223,061 

The  duty  on  soda  ash  is  one-fourth  cent  per 
pound  and  on  bicarbonate  of  soda  1^  cents  per 
pound.  That  on  hyposulphite  and  all  car- 
bonates is  20  per  cent.  On  hydrate  or  caustic 
aoda  the  duty  is  one  cent  per  pound;  on  sal  or 
crystal  soda,  20  per  cent;  and  on  silicate  one- 
half  cent  per  pound. — Eds  Press  ] 

Carbonates  — A  Great  Falls,  Mont.,  special 
says  :  Reports  from  Barker  confirm  the  news 
of  great  finds  of  carbonates  and  galena  in  the 
May  and  Edna  mines,  and  also  in  mines  which 
have  been  christened  the  America  and  Colum- 
bus. The  discoveries  produced  a  profound  sen- 
sation, and  workmen  on  the  Great  Falls  exten- 
sion of  the  Great  Northern  Railway  Hue,  and 
miners  from  other  sections,  are  staking  out 
claims  on  the  new  treasure  belt. 

The  Singer  Sewing-Machine  factory  at  Eliz- 
abeth, N  J  ,  was  almost  entirely  destroyed  by 
are  on  Tuesday  night.  The  loss  is  about 
S3,000,000. 


The  Mechanics'  Fair. 

At  a  meeting  of  the  Mechanics'  Inetitnte  it 
was  decided  to  open  the  Twenty-fifth  Industrial 
Exposition  on  Thursday,  S^pt.  18th,  and  to 
close  Saturday,  Ojtober  25;h,  in  oompliance 
with  the  request  of  the  Society  of  Pioneers  and 
the  Native  Sons  of  the  Golden  West,  to  whom 
the  use  of  the  exposition  building  on  the  Sth, 
9:h  and  lOch  of  September  was  granted  for  the 
purpose  of  celebrating  the  fortieth  anniversary 
of  the  admission  of  the  State  of  California. 

A  resolation  introduced  by  Trustee  George 
E,  Dow  was  unanimously  adopted,  to  the  effect 
that  at  the  forthcoming  exhibition  the  whole  of 
the  Grovs-atreet  aide  of  the  Pdvilion  or  as 
much  thereof  aa  may  be  necessary  shall  be  de- 
voted to  the  exhibition  of  electrical  apparatus 
and  appliances,  and  the  Secretary  was  in- 
structed to  notify  all  agents  and  manufacturers 
of  electrical  apparatus  to  make  early  applica- 
tion for  space.  This  ie  a  good  move.  We 
have  never  had  in  this  city  anything  like  a 
good  exhibit  of  electrical  appliances.  Of  late 
years  theae  have  increaaed  in  namber  and  de- 
sign wonderfully  and  it  will  be  a  revelation  to 
many  to  learn  what  a  variety  is  now  made. 
The  Electrical  Society  of  this  city  might  greatly 
aid  in  this  matter  by  getting  manufacturers 
and  agents  interested. 

It  is  greatly  to  be  hoped  that  the  manafaot- 
urers  and  dealers  in  California  will  interest 
themselvea  this  year  and  bring  out  a  good  ex- 
hibit of  our  industrial  resonroes.  Thia  fair  is 
not  a  local  one  by  any  means,  and  all  parts  of 
the  State  should  be  represented.  Daring  its 
continuance  it  is  visited  by  people  from  all  the 
counties  of  California.  Those  who  exhibit  have 
an  opportunity  of  showing  what  they  make  or 
sell  to  thousands  daily.  Hsre  the  products  are 
seen  in  their  moat  attractive  form  and  can  be 
examined  carefully.  Such  an  opportanity 
ahould  not  be  misled  and  those  who  make  early 
preparation  and  application  for  epaoe  will  have 
the  best  advantages. 


The  Grand  Canyon  Discoveries. 

There  have  been  all  sorts  of  more  or  less 
improbable  stories  of  late  about  mineral  dis- 
coveries in  the  Grand  Ciuyon  of  the  Colorado. 
Men  are  reported  as  having  seen  ledges  along 
the  wall  of  the  canyon,  and  others  have  bsen 
panning  out  gold  in  the  river-bed.  A  press 
report  was  recently  sent  out  from  Denver  stat- 
ing, on  the  authority  of  Col.  R.  B.  Stanton, 
chief  of  the  surveying  party  which  went  through 
the  canyon  last  winter,  that  a  great  number  of 
gold  and  silver  ledges  had  been  discovered. 
The  editor  of  the  Mohave  Miner  (Arizona)  says 
CjI.  Stanton  positively  assured  him  that,  with 
the  exception  of  the  already  known  placer 
mines,  he  kuew  of  no  other  gold  or  silver  indi- 
cations in  the  entire  canyon.  The  itfiner  quotes 
a  letter  from  a  prospector  who  has  gone  to  the 
recent  discoveries  (?)  which  aays:  "We  are 
here  all  right.  They  have  a  large  heap  of  sul- 
phurets  whloh  will  go  about  60  cents  to  the  ton. 
There  are  about  20  men  here.  The  majority  of 
us  will  go  back  in  a  few  days.  Tell  your 
friends  to  keep  away  from  here." 

So  far,  the  richest  rock  found  in  the  new 
strike  north  of  Flagstaff  assayed  but  190oanoeB 
in  gold  or  silver,  mostly  the  latter;  but  other 
samples  sent  to  the  Miner  only  assayed  from  6 
to  24  ounces  In  silver  per  ton.  The  ledges  are 
large,  but  of  low  grade.  There  seems  to  be  no 
reason  to  believe  that  the  reports  sent  out  can 
be  relied  on  to  the  effect  that  mineral  of  great 
value  can  be  found  anywhere  a  pick  is  struck. 
It  will  take  farther  developments  to  prove 
whether  the  district  is  a  good  one  or  another 
Harqua  Hala. 


DoDQE  Mills  — S  L.  Burbridge,  auperin- 
tendent  of  the  Grand  Prizj  mine,  Payson,  Gila 
county,  Arizona,  writes  to  Mr.  Dodge,  care  of 
Parke  &  Licy  Ca.,  as  follows:  '*  The  little  mill 
is  rnnning  very  smoothly  and  working  from  10 
to  12  tons  of  very  hard  ore,  through  a  No.  40 
screen,  per  24  hours,  and  I  consider  that  it  is  a 
closer  amalgamator  than  either  a  stamp-mill  or 
an  arastra.  I  believe  when  ordinary  intelli- 
gence is  used  in  running  your  mills,  that  they 
will  do  all  if  not  more  than  you  claim  for  them." 


The  Virginia  Enttrprise  says  that  as  to  the 
milling  onth)ok  it  has  never  been  better  since 
mills  were  erected  on  the  Carson  river.  The 
indications  are  that  the  water  will  hold  out 
nearly  all  summer. 


Mat  10,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


321 


The  Marshall   Monument. 

Oa  Sfttorday,  M»y.'t],  the  atatae  of  J  Ames  i 
W.  Mareball,  the  discoverer  of  gold  id  CaU>  . 
fornU,  woa  unveiled  At  Coloma,  El  Dorado' 
oouDty,  nesr  the  spot  where  the  first  gold  was 
foDod,  The  Lcgislatare  provided  the  faads 
for  this  monument,  which  was  desigoed  by  F.  | 
MaHod  Wells,  the  aooomplished  sculptor,  who  ' 
hu  executed  bis  tAsk  with  skill.  The  stAtue 
represents  Marshall  in  the  dress  of  the  period. 
He  is  fAcing  the  river.  In  his  right  hand  he 
holds  a  golden  nugget,  while  with  his  left  index 
finger  extended  he  points  to  the  exact  spot 
where  the  ever  memorable  discovery  was  made. 
The  statne  is  grand  in  proportions  and  work* 
maneblp,  and  the  design  is  quite  historical. 

The  monument  is  now  completed,  and  stands 
39  feet  U  inches  In  hight,  and  is  of  admirable 
proportions.  The  cap  of  the  pedestal  is  five 
feet  fqoare,  on  whioh  the  statne  of  Marshall  is 
placed.  The  statue  ia  heroic  in  size,  being  9^ 
feet  in  hight,  representing  Marshall  dressed 
in  miner's  garb.  On  the  north  side  of 
the  monument  is  the  inscription  of  the 
Great  Seal  of  the  State;  on  the  south  side, 
a  view  of  Sutter's  mill;  on  the  east  side, 
the  names  of  the  Commissioners,  A.  Camin- 
etti,  John  H.  Miller,  George  Uofmeister  and 
H.  C.  Gesford,  with  a  legend  reading:  *'The 
site  for  this  monument  is  a  gift  to  the  State  of 
California  from  PlacervUle  Parlor,  Native  Sons 
of  the  Gulden  West." 

Oa  the  west  side  of  the  monument  are  the 
words:  **  Erected  by  the  State  of  California, 
in  memory  of  James  W.  Marshall,  the  discov- 
erer of  gold.  Born  Oct.  10,1810.  Died  Aug. 
10,  1888,  The  first  nugget  was  found  in  the 
race  of  Sutter's  mill,  in  Coloma,  Jan,  19,  1848." 

Oq  this  page  is  a  photo-faosimile  of  the  en- 
tire monument.  We  have  before  this  given 
several  sketches  of  the  life  of  Marshall  and  an 
account  of  his  famous  discovery,  so  that  it  is 
unnecessary  to  repeat  this  at  this  time. 

On  the  occasion  of  the  unveiling  of  the  statue 
on  Saturday  last  there  were  many  distinguished 
men  present.  Senator  Caminetti,  of  the 
OommisBioners,  delivered  the  monument  to 
Governor  Waterman  as  the  representative  of 
the  State.  The  Governor  made  a  brief  speech, 
and  Mrs.  J,  I.  Ried  of  PlacervUle  read  a  poem 
in  eulogy  of  the  discoverer  of  gold.  Senator 
A.  F.  Jones  of  Oroville  was  the  orator  of  the 
day  and  delivered  an  elcqaent  oration.  P.  S. 
LawBOn,  President  of  the  Sioramento  Pioneers, 
aleo  spoke,  as  did  several  others.  The  Native 
Sons  of  the  Golden  West  and  the  Siorameato 
Society  of  California  Pioneers  were  in  charge  of 
the  ceremonies. 


The   Molders'  Strike. 

It  looks  At  present  aa  if  the  moldera'  strike  In 
this  city  would  soon  come  to  an  end.  Several 
more  men  were  brought  from  the  Eist 
this  week  and  have  gone  to  work  in  the  shops 
in  place  of  the  strikers.  The  Pacific  Iron 
Works,  one  of  the  large  foundries,  has  again 
started  up  with  a  qnota  of  men  on  the  molding- 
floor.  In  fact  there  is  now  only  one  Institution 
which  remains  closed — that  of  Uyron  Jackson — 
and  other  foundries  are  doing  his  work  for  him. 
The  manufacturers  profess  themselves  pleased 
with  the  state  of  affiirs,  and  consider  that  they 
have  overcome  the  worst  obBtacIee.  Although 
not  full-handed  in  the  moldlng*room,  they 
have  competent  hands  enough  to  get  along 
with.  There  have  been  some  disorderly  pro- 
ceedings this  week  In  which  some  of  the  work- 
ing molders  have  been  beaten  and   injured   by 


Ciiistst  MiNEK.s  IN  iDAHo.^.Judge  Willis 
Sweet,  In  the  District  Court  at  Monnt  Idaho, 
has  decided  that  Chinese  have  no  rights  what- 
ever on  mining  lands  in  the  United  States. 
The  decision  was  rendered  in  a  suit  brought  by 
Chinese  Against  Patrick  Flynn  et  al.,  who  last 
summer  jumped  claims  on  the  Moose  creek,  in 
the  Klk  City  Mining  District,  held  by  the 
Chinese  for  many  years  under  a  bill  of  sale 
given  to  the  Chinese  by  white  men.  In  another 
decision,  Involving  the  BufTalo  Hill  claims  in 
the  Klk  City  District,  white  men  having 
leased  the  said  claims  to  Chinese  and  being 
jumped  by  whites,  the  judge  held  that  a  lease 
of  mining  ground  to  Chinese  was  invalid  and 
amounted  to  the  abandonment  of  their  olaim, 
unlesB  the  plaintiff  proves  that  the  Chinese  les- 
sees were  actually  employed  to  hold  and  work 
said  ground  on  behalf  of  the  plaintiffs.  The 
suit  for  ejectment  was  therefore  denied.    Upon 


Mines  and  Prospects. — The  stocks  listed  at 
the  Colorado  Mining  Exchange  at  D  nver  are 
divided  into  two  classes,  one  being  "mines" 
and  the  other  "prospects."  Under  the  head  of 
"mines"  are  stocks  representing  productive 
properties,  which  are  paying  dividends,  and 
under  that  of  "  prospects  "  are  mining  claims  in 
whioh  good  bodies  of  ore  have  yet  to  be  found. 
When  a  reporter  suggested  to  a  local  broker 
that  thia  would  be  a  good  example  for  the  San 
Francisco  Stock  and  Exchange  Board  to  copy, 
he  replied:  *'  It  ian'b  healthy  for  onr  business 
to  let  the  public  know  too  much  about  these 
matters.  If  the  list  were  thus  to  be  classified, 
nine-tenths  of  the  stocks  would  go  under  the 
head  of  *  prospects,*  and  that  wouldn't  make  a 
good  showing." 

A  Centrifugal  Concentrator  ia  to  be  put 
in  at  the  Boston  Smelting  Works,  Butte,  Mont., 
where,  according  to  the  Helena  Independent, 
the  ayatem  of  treating  gold-bearing  pyritea  faas 
been  moat  successful.  A  small  amount  of  flux' 
ing  material  is  mixed  with  the  ore,  and  by 
means  of  a  hot  blast  the  sulphur  contained  in 
the  ore  ia  made  to  create  a  heat  8u£5cient  to 
amelt  the  whole  masa  and  make  it  run  like 
water.  By  combining  these  two  processes  to- 
gether, the  centrifugal  concentrator  and  the 
hot-blaat  treatment,  a  saving  of  at  least  one- 
fourth  can  be  made  over  the  old  manner  of 
treatment. 

The  Jackson  Creek  copper  mines,  which 
were  abandoned  a  year  ago,  have  been  relocated 
by  miners  from  Cadar  district.  These  mines 
are  situated  about  45  miles  northwest  from 
Winnemuoca,  Nev. 


■>^ 
^^'X 
«*■-:■  "..>- 

IS^j 


Silk  Culture  in  California. 

We  alluded  recently  to  the  progress  shown 
in  the  last  report  of  the  Ladies*  Silk  Culture 
Society  of  CilifornU,  and  urged  that  the  organ- 
ization was  enthusiastic  in  its  work,  and  was 
working  for  the  public  interest  alone.  We 
notice  that  Repreeeotative  Morrow  has  pre- 
sented in  Oongress  a  memorial  which  was  re- 
ferred to  the  Csmmittee  on  Agriculture  as 
follows: 

"  The  members  of  the  Board  of  Direotors  of 
the  Ladies'  Silk  Cnltnre  Society  of  California 
respectfully  represent  that  the  Lidies'  Silk 
Culture  Society  has  been  duly  incorporated  and 
has  an  organized  existence  for  more  than  five 
years,  dnricg  which  time  it  has  energfltlcally 
encouraged  silk  culture  in  California.  Fifteen 
acres  of  land  have  been  purchased  at  Piedmont, 
Alameda  county,  seven  acres  of  which  were 
planted  with  mulberry  trees,  ButGoieot  to  yield 
an  immense  quantity  of  leaves  for  feeding  the 
worms.  In  addition,  a  cocoonery  has  been 
built,  and  the  society  has  distributed  great 
quantities  of  silkworm  eggs  to  all  parts  of  the 
State." 

The  society  feels  that  any  effort  to  divert 
GoverumenC  aid  to  new  and  untried  channels 
would  involve  an  nnwise  and  useless  expendi- 
ture of  public  money.  Thetfftct  of  such  exper- 
imental work  would  be  the  placing  of  silk  cult- 
ure where  the  ladies  found  it  five  years  ago. 

There  ia  much  significance  in  this  last  olaim 
whioh  ia  urged  upon  the  attention  of  CouRrese, 
There  are  silk  projects  which  do  not  enj  )y  the 
confidence  of  the  California  people,  though  they 
may  be  zealously  advocated  at  Washington. 

The  Secret  of  Cheap  Building. — A  man 
who  is  resolved  to  be  independent  of  landlords 
can  build  a  very  comfortable  house  for  from 
$2000  to  $2500.  He  can  hive  suffi^iient  room, 
and  a  honsH  with  a  decent  exterior  and  a  plain 
interior.  He  ought,  first  and  foremost,  to  pro- 
vide a  bath-room,  even  if  he  cannot  buy  a  slate 
mantel.  It  will  be  the  wisest  in  the  long  rnn 
to  have  a  bath-room.  Ask  any  woman  who  has 
had  the  care  of  two  or  tbree  children  how  much 
a  bath-room  saves  her.  The  larger  the 
family,  the  greater  the  saving  In  work  and 
worry,  which  is  more  wearing  than  work.  If 
a  man  has  only  $2000  and  a  large  family,  he 
must  sacrifice  something  or  deny  himself  some- 
thing when  he  builds.  If  he  is  wise,  he  will 
contrive  closets  and  cupboards,  a  style  of  house 
that  renders  rnnning  up  and  down  stairs  nn- 
neceasary  (there  is  nothing  so  tiresome  as  going 
up  and  down  stairs),  make  his  (dining-room 
large  enough  for  a  living-room,  and  see  that  the 
arrangement  of  the  kitchen  is  labor-saving. 
Bay  windows  and  pretty  trimmings  can  all  be 
dispensed  with.  There  are  people  who  do  not 
seem  to  have  any  clear  idea  of  the  things  that 
are  appropriate  in  a  cheap  houae.  Substantial 
fixtnrea  rather  than  pretty  trimmings  are  what 
ia  needed  in  a  cheap  house.  Good  ventilation, 
ample  room,  plenty  of  light  and  warmth,  may 
be  obtained  if  a  man  desires  to  insure  it  in 
building  for  his  own  use,  at  a  very  moderate 
outlay.  But  then  he  must  build  to  please  him- 
self instead  of  vying  with  his  neighbor. 


THE    MARSHALL    MONUMENT    AT    OOLOMA. 


An  oil  well  was  struck  recently  in  Torry  Can- 
yon, Ventura  Co.  that  flowa  200  barrels  a  day. 


men  supposed  to  be  Btrikere,  or  in  sympathy 
with  them.  Steps  have  been  taken,  however, 
to  prevent  any  further  demonstrations  of  this 
nature. 

The  Bdlly  Choop  Suit,— The  great  Bully 
Choop  mining  suit  of  G-eorge  A,  Cornwall  of 
Napa  against  ex-Senator  G.  F.  Foster  of  Ked 
Bluflf  has  been  decided  In  favor  of  the  defendant. 
The  suit  involved  the  undivided  half  interest 
claimed  by  Cornwall  In  a  valuable  group  of 
mines  in  Shasta  county.  His  interest  waa 
based  upon  a  verbal  contract  to  purchase  one- 
half  interest  in  the  mines,  which  were  bonded 
by  Foster  in  his  own  name,  and  who  refused  to 
convey  the  half  Interest  to  Cornwall.  The 
jndge  held  that  the  plaintiff  by  his  own  acts 
had  forfeited  all  his  righta  ander  the  verbal 
contract,  and  jadgment  was  entered  in  favor  of 
defendant.     The  case  will  be  appealed. 

Tse  mineral  section  of  Irish  Mountain,  some 
220  miles  south  of  Eureka,  Nevada,  is  said  to 
be  a  very  promising  one,  but  there  is  no  means 
of  transportation  and  the  claims  are  nndevel- 
oped. 

The  company  operating  on  Cedrca  Island  off 
the  coast  of  Lower  California  is  ahippicg  aurif- 
erouB  ore  to  San  Diego  for  treatment. 


the  annonnoement  of  the  decisions,  parties  were 
immediately  organized  to  oust  Chinese  miners 
in  Pierce  City,  Elk  City  and  other  mining 
camps  in  Northern  Idaho,  which  are  Chinese 
strongholds. 

A  Movement  is  on  foot  among  the  salmon 
oannera  and  agents  to  come  to  some  under- 
standing whereby  the  production  of  the  coming 
season  will  not  be  as  large  as  it  was  last  year. 
The  most  careful  estimates  show  that  there  is 
still  a  stock  ranging  from  200,000  to  250.000 
cases  of  1889  salmon  in  the  hands  of  the  pro- 
duoera.  Advices  from  Portland,  dated  April 
15th,  say:  0(ving  to  a  dispute  between  the 
cannery  men  and  the  Fishermen's  Union  no 
salmon  are  being  canned  on  the  Columbia,  and 
the  headquarters  of  the  salmon  bneiness  Is  at 
present  in  this  city.  There  are  a  good  many 
fish  running  in  the  Willamette,  and  parties  are 
fishing  despite  the  union  and  selling  tons  of 
fish  here  for  three  cents  a  pound.  The  fish  are 
being  salted  in  barrets  and  shipped  by  the  car- 
load for  Germany  and  Kassia,  where  the  salt 
will  be  extracted  by  some  peculiar  process  and 
the  fieh  canned,  thus  avoiding  the  duty  on 
canned  goods.  Unless  the  trouble  between  the 
fishermen  and  the  canners  ia  settled,  a  very 
large  amount  of  salmon  will  be  disposed  of  in 
this  way.  The  fishermen  on  the  Columbia 
years  ago  got  50  cents  a  fi<3h.  Toey  organiz  d 
as  fish  becime  scarcer  and  fishermpu  more  nu- 
merous and  cot  50  o^ntp,  then  75  cents  and 
finally  $1  a  fijh.  This  year  they  are  striking 
for  $1.25, 


Fireproof  Shutters  and  Doors.  —  The 
Bnston  Manufacturers'  Mutual  lusurance  Com- 
pany saya  that  the  best  fire  doors  aud  sbubtera 
are  made  of  two  or  three  thicknesses  of  solid 
wood  so  adjusted  to  each  other  aa  not  to  be 
liable  to  warp,  and  covered  with  aheet  iron  or 
tin  plated  with  the  j  ilnts  carefully  looked. 
The  wood  will  become  carbonized,  but  the  sheet 
metal  will  keep  out  the  osygen  and  prevent 
burning,  so  that  the  door  or  shutter  will  re- 
main solid  and  strong  for  many  hours,  while 
iron  or  steel  shutters  would  warp  and  bend  and 
fail  to  keep  the  opening  closed. 

A  Needed  Work. — The  Government  ap 
peara  to  have  under  serious  consideration  a 
proposition  to  ooustrnct  a  canal  around  Niagara 
F^lle  to  accommodate  American  lake  shipping 
and  war  vessels  in  case  of  an  emergency.  Ao< 
oordin?  to  the  plans  under  consideration,  it  will 
cost  $23,000,000  and  will  have  a  depth  of  20^ 
feet.  The  necessity  of  f  uch  a  canal,  it  ia  argued, 
is  made  apparent  by  Canadian  discrimination 
against  vessels  of  the  United  Spates  passing 
through  the  Welland  canal. 

Fireproof  Construction. — In  the  line  of 
fireproof  construction  a  Philadelphia  archiccct 
has  the  honor  of  introducing  the  latest  novelty. 
His  specifications  for  a  large  ten  story  apart- 
ment house  now  building  in  that  city  call  for 
fioors  of  asphalt  with  a  eklrtiog  of  strips  of 
wood  adjoining  the  partitions  imbsdded  in  the 
asphalt  and  level  with  its  surface.  It  is  in- 
tended to  lay  the  carpets  on  the  asphalt  and 
tack  the  edges  to  the  wooden  strips. 


Wood  Pqlp  Instead  op  Plaster.. — Wood 
pulp  is  now  being  used  as  the  basis  of  a  plastic 
compound  to  serve  as  a  substitute  for  lime 
mortar  in  covering  and  finishing  walla.  It  ia 
designed  to  posBoss,  in  addition  to  all  the  desir- 
able qualities  of  ordinary  mortar,  the  character- 
istics of  being  harder,  and  when  applied  to 
wood^vork  in  a  thin  coat,  rendering  it  both  fire 
and  water-proof. 

The  estimated  cost  of  completing  the  Panama 
canal  is  900,000,000  franca,  and  even  with  that 
amount  it  would  take  seven  or  eight  yeara 
more  work. 


S22 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Mat  10,  1890 


. MANUFACTnBBR    OF  

CENTRIFUGAL  ROLLER  QUARTZ  MILLS, 

Concentrators  and  Ore  Crushers, 
Mining  Macliinery  of  Every  Description.        Steam  Engines  and  Sliingle  Machines. 


Centrlfugral  Koller  Quartz  Mill. 


SEND    FOB    CIRCULAR. 


S13    je'nt.s'r    s'X'zixiziT', 


fS.A.^^     X'Xl.^VPa'OXSCO.     G.A.JLM. 


Lubricating  Compound  and  Cups. 


L.  0.  MARSHUTZ 


T.  G.  CANTKELL. 


NATIONAL  IRON  WORKS 

N.  W.  Corner  Main  and  Howard  Sts.,  San  Francisco, 

MANUFACTURERS    OF 

Stationary  and  Compound  Engines,  Flour,  Sugar,  Saw 
and  Quartz  Mill  Machinery. 

AMALGAMATING  MACHINES.     CASTINGS  AND  FORGINGS  o^/^efrp't^^n 

ALL    WORK    TESTED    AND    GUARANTEED. 

IMPROVED    PORTABLE    HOISTING    ENGINES. 


1868. 

Manufacture  commenced  a 
Albany,  Kew  York. 

1876. 

Introduced  by  ua  on  Pacific 
Coast. 

1889. 

Cheap  imitations  having  had 
time  to  show  that  they  are  the 
most  expensive  in  the  end,  the 
Sales  of  the  Gennme  Albany 
Compound  are  Larger  than 
ever  before. 


England,    Belgium, 
France, 

And   other   Foreign  Countries 
are  now  Large  Coneumera. 


C^^i^.J*§ 


We  are  also  Sole  Agents  for 
the 

Albany  Cylinder  Oils, 
Albany  Spindle  Oils,  Etc. 


FOR    SALE    ONLY    BY 


} 


TATUM  &  BOWEN 

Sole  Agents  for  the  Pacific  Coast, 

Dealers    in     Improved    Woodworking     Machinery, 

Sawmill  Machinery,  Engines,  Boilers,  Ironworking  Machinery,  Supplies,  Etc. 

Sole  Agents  for  Hoe  Chisel-Tooth  Saw,  Gardner  Governor,  Schultz 

Leather  Belting,  Etc. 

34  AND  36  FREMONT  STREET,  SAN  FRANCISCO. 

85  FRONT  STREET,  PORTLAND,  OR. 


LIDGERWOOD  MFG.  CO., 


MANUPACTUEEKS  OF  - 


lll^TlNtfflGINES 


300  Sty  esaM  Sizes.  Over  6000  in  Hie, 

^  96  Liberty  St  ,  New  YorV. 

\    34  &  36  West  Monroe  St  .rbitago. 
i       1U7  to303CODgressSt., Boston. 


PARKE  &  LACY  CO., 

Acents, 
SAN  FKANClSCO.C«I,IPORNIA  ( 

Send  for  Catalog-ue. 


PERFECT  PULLEYS 

First  Premium  Awarded  at  Mechanics'   Fair,    1884. 

Sole  Licensed  Manufacturers  of  the 

MEDAKT    PATENT    WROUGHT    RIM    PULIEY 

For  the  States  of  California,  Oregon  and  Nevada,  and  the  Territories  of  Idaho,  Washingtor 

Montana,  Wyoming,  Utah  and  Arizona.      Lightest,  Strongest,  Cheapest  and 

Best  Balanced  Pulley  in  the  World.     Also  Manufacturers  of 

SHAFTING,    HANGERS    AND    APPURTENANCES. 

tSr  SmfH  FOR  ClRCDLMlS  AXD  FrIOB  LlST,*^ 

NOB.   1QP  and   THl   FRRMONT  8THBBT  84.N    FHANCI800.  OAL. 


PAT.  ocnp.  25, 1881. 


GEORGE    GOODMAN, 

. PATENTEE  AND  MANUFACTURER  OP 


IN    AI.I,     ITS     BRANCHES. 

Schlllinger's  Patent  Side-Walk  and  Garden-Walk  a  Specialty. 

pFPIOB,  307  MONTGOMERY  STREBT,    NEVADA   BLOCK,    SAN   FBANOISOO,  OAL, 


NATIONAL  ROCKER  aUARTZ  MILL. 

KENDALL'S  PATENT.  ADQDST  24,  1886. 

MARSHUTZ  &  CANTRELL,  Sole  Manufacturers. 

The  Patentee  and  Manufacturers 
cordially  invite  miners  to  critically 
examine  and  pass  judgment  upon 
this  improved  system  of  milliner 
and  amalgamating  ores  in  the  fol- 
lowing particulars: 

1.  The  cost  is  less  than  one-half  of 
stamps  of  same  capacity. 

2.  The  freight  to  mine  is  less  than 
one-half  of  stamps. 

3.  The  cost  of  erecting  is  less  than 
one-fourth  of  stamps. 

4.  The  power  to  drive  itis  less  than 
one-half  of  stamps. 

5.  The  wear  is  leaa  than  one-quar- 
ter of  stamps. 

6.  There    is    no  wear    except    on 
shoes  and  dies. 

1^     7.  In  point  of  amalgamation    it  Is 
^  superior  to  any  other  machine 

in  use. 
8.  In  its  simplicity  of  construction. 

We  challenge  competition  with 
_^£iy-  Stamps,  Ball   Pulverizers  or  and 

^^^^  other  ore  crushiDg  machines  now 

before  the  public. 

i^Send  for  Circulars  and  Price  List.  MARSHUTZ    &    CANTRELL. 


Vulcan  Iron  ^floRK&, 

135-145  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco,  Oal. 

Mining  Machinery.  Steam  Engines. 


STAMP  BATTERIES, 

PANS  AND  SETTLERS, 

ROCK  BREAKERS,  ETC.,  ETC. 


SAW-MILL  T 

CABLE-ROAD       [MACHINERY. 
REFRIGERATINGJ 


Special  Machinery  to  Order. 

AERIAL    WIRE    ROPEWAYS. 


(Vulcan  Patent  System) 

SINGLE,   ENDLESS    TRAVELING   ROPE. 

Elevated  on  Wooden  Posts,  from  150  to  2000  feet  apart, 
conveying  Buckets  of  Ore,  Coal,  Wood,  etc. 

Xo  PoBslbillty  of  Load  Slipping:. 

Cheapest  Form  of  Transportation. 

No  road   needed;    can   be  run   vertically.    No  power 
needed  if  angle  of  descent  be  more  than  S  uegrees. 

CAN   SPAN   GUI-CHES   3000   FEET   WIDE. 


ADAMANTINE  SHOES  &  DIES 

FOR    STAMP    MILLS. 

These  SHOES  and  DIES  are  in  extensive  use  in  all  the  miDing  Htates  and 
Territories  of  North  and  South  America.  Guaranteed  to  rrove  better  and  cheaper 
thai  any  othi  rs.  Orders  solicited,  subject  to  above 
conditions. 

— M.VNrFACTl'EED    I!Y— 

CHROME  STEEL  WORKS,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 
H.  D.  MORRIS,  Agent, 

S30  Fremont  .Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


Special  attention  given  to  the  purchase  of  Mine  and  Mill  Supplies. 


Mat  10    1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


323 


AHALCAMATINC  MACHINERY. 

sump  Mills  lor  Wei  or  Or)  Crushing. 
Huntington  Cenlrllugal  Quarti  Mill.  Or)lng 
Cylinders,  Amaigamating  Pans,  Settlers, 
Agitators  and  Concentrators.  Retorts.  Bul- 
lion and  Ingot  Moulds,  Conveyors.  Elevators, 
Bruckners  and  Howell's  Improved  White's 
Roasting  Furnaces,  Etc. 


FRASER  &  CHALMERS, 

MINING  MACHINERY 


CONCENTRATING  MACHINERY. 


IMPROVED  CORLISS  va7v°e  ^sVIIm    ENGINES.        % 


Blake,  Dodge  and  Comet  Crushers,  Cornish 
Crushing  and  Finishing  Rolls,  Hartz  Plunger 
and  Collom  Jigs.  Frue  Vanner  &  Embrey 
Concentrators,  Evans',  Calumet,  Coliom's 
and  Rittenger's  Slime  Tables.  Trommels, 
Wire  Clolh  and  Punched  Plates.  OreSam- 
lil^^l^^l^H^^,    pie  Grinders  and  Hcberle  Mills. 

D/\ll     CDC    HORIZONTAL.    VERTICAL 
0  i^  I  Li  t  K  O    ...  AND  SECTIONAI 


:I3WCI*I^OVBJ13B     eX^^iSkBE     SXi^IMIIPS 


Hoisting  Engines, 
Safety  Cages, 
Safety  Hooks, 

Ore  CARS,  Water  &  Ore 
BUCKETS, 

Air  Compressors, 

Rock  Drills,  Etc. 

GENERAL  MILL  AND 
MINING  SUPPLIES,  ETC. 
Sectional  Machinery 

FOR 

MULE-BACK 

TRANSPORTATION. 


Pumping  Engines 

and  Cornish 

Pumping  Machinery, 

IMPROVED 
WATER    JACKET 

Blast  Furnaces  for 
Calena&  Copper  Ores, 

SLAG  CARS  AND  POTS, 

Roots  &  Baker 
.  Pressure  Blowers, 

SUSPENDED 

TRAMWAYS. 


General  Offices  and  Works:      FULTON  AND  UNION  STS.,  CHICAGO,   iLL. 


BRANCH  OFFICES 

Oalle  de  Juarez 


NEW  YORK,  Room  43,  No.  2  Wall  St.        DENVER,  COLO.,  1318  Eighteenth  St.       SALT  LAKE   CITY,  UTAH, 
7  W.  Second  South   St.       LONDON,  ENC,  23  Bucklergbury,  E.  C.       CHIHUAHUA  CITY,    MEXICO,  No.  I  I 
LIMA,  PERU,  South  America.        JOHANNESBURG.  TRANSVAAL,  South  Africa. 

BKLENA,  MONTANA,  iCnoin  38,  Illerchantji'  National  Bank  Bnlldiog,  No.  4  North  Main  St 
SOLK    'WESTERN    AGENTS    FOR    TYLER    WIRE    WORKS    DOUBLE    OEIB4PWD    MINING    CLOTHS. 


TSE     FELTON     WATER     WHEEL 

GIVES    THE    HIGHEST    EFFICIENCY    OF    ANY    WHEEL    IN     THE    WORLD. 


OVER  800  ALREADY  IN  USE. 

Afiforde  the  Most  Simple  and  Reliable  Power  for  all 
Mining  and   Manufacturing   Machinery. 

Adapted  to  heads  running  from  20  up  to  2,000  feet. 

From  12  to  20  per  cent  better  reealta  guaranteed  than 
can  be  produced  from  any  other  Wheel  in  the  Conntry. 

ELECTRIC  TRANSMISSION. 

Power  rem  theae  Wheels  can  be  transmitted  long 
distances  with  small  loas,  and  la  now  extensively  used  in 
alljparts  of  the  country  for  generating  both  power  and 
light. 

APPLICATIONS 

Should  state  amount,  and  head  of  water,  power  required, 
and  for  what  purpose  ;  with  approximate  length  of  pipe  ; 
also,  whether  the  application  is  with  reference  to  Wheels 
or  Motors  described  below.     SEND  FOR  CIRCULARS. 

The  Pelton  Water  Wheel  Co. 

121  MAIN  ST„  SAHT  FKANCISCO,  CAL. 


<3isr    ^w^-A-TEsn.     :Di/L 


Varying  from  the  fraction  of  1  up  to  15  and  20-horBe  power.     Unequaled   for   all   light 'running   maohinery.     Warranted  to  develop  a  given 
amonnt  of  power  with  one-half  the  water  required  by  any  other.     S^  SEND  FOR  MOTOR  CIRCULAR.     ADDRESS  AS  ABOVE. "^ 


JAMBS    LBFFEL'S 

Mining  Turbine  Water  Wheel. 

These  Wheels  are  designed  for  all  purposes  where  limited  quaDtitles  of  water  and 
high  beads  are  utilized,  and  are  guaraoteed  to  give  more  power  with  less  water  than 
any  other  wheel  made.  Being  placed  on  horizontal  shafi,  the  power  Is  transmitted 
direct  to  shafting  by  belts,  dispensing  with  gearing. 

Estimates  furnished  on  application  for  wheels  specially  built  and  adapted  Id 
capacity  to  suit  any  particular  case. 

Further  information  can  be  obtained  of  this  form  of  construction,  as  well  as  the 
ordinary  Vertical  Turbines  for  Wooden  Penstocks  and  In  Iron  Globe  Cases,  free  of  cost, 
by  applying  to  the  manufacturers. 


(fletallljrgy  apil  Ore?. 

SELBY 

SMELTING  and  LEAD  CO.. 

416  Montgomery  St,,  San  Franciico. 

GOLD    AND    SILVER    REFINERY 
And  Assay  Office. 

Highest  Frlcei  Paid  for  Qold,  Silver  and 
Lead  Ores  and  Solphorets, 

MAJinPAOTnRIRJft  OP 

BLUESTONE, 

LEAD  PIPE, 

SHEET  LEAD, 

SHOT,  Etc.,  Etc. 

ALSO    UANDFAOTURRRa    OP 

Standard    Shot-Gun    Cartridges, 

Under  Cbamberlln  Patent 


JAMES 
Springfield,  Ohio, 


LEFFBL    &    OO., 

or  110  Liberty  St„  Hew  York. 


FBASEB    A    OHALMEIRS,  Qeneral  Asenta, 

Ohlcago,  111,,  and  Denver,  OoL 

PARKS    S*   LAGY,  Genera)  AgrentB,  San  Francisco,  Cal, 


CALIFORNIA    IRON  YARD. 

HENRY  J.  ROGEBS  &  CO. 

Successors  to  CHAS.  CALLAHAN 


IMFORTEBB  AND  DBALBBS  IN 

CAST  and  WROUGHT  IRON  SCRAP 

SECOND-HAND     BOILERS 

AMD  OLD  MACHINEKf 

Of  every  deaorlptioQ. 

Tie  Hifflest  Price  pail  for  all  MMs  ol  Metals. 

Opfiob  and  Yard:    128  and  130  Folsom.  St.,  S.  F. 

Telephone  No.  67. 


California  Inventors  IHH 

AND  Foreign  Patent  Solicitors,  for  obtaiuing  Patente 
and  Caveats.  Eatabliahed  in  1860.  Their  long  experience  oa 
joumalifits  and  large  practice  as  Patent  attomers  enables 
them  to  offer  Pacitio  Coast  Inventors  far  better  aurvice  than 
ther  can  obtain  elsewhere.  Send  for  free  olioulars  of  Infor- 
toatioiL  Office  of  the  BdiNiNOANDSoiBNTiFio  PRKBsaod 
PAoiFio  Sural  Pkesb  No,  330  Muket  S.,  8an  I^anclaoo, 
Blevator,  13  Front  Bt. 


THOMAS  PRICE  &  SON, 

Assay  Office,  Chemical  Laboratory, 

BULLION  ROOMS  and  ORE  FLOORS, 

524  Sacramento  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

COIN  RETURNS  ON  ALL  BULLION  DEPOSITS  IN  24  HOURS. 

WORKING    TESTS    OF    ORES    BY    ALL    PROCESSES. 

SPECIAL  ATTENTION  PAID  TO  CONCENTRATION  OF  ORES. 
Ores  Received  on  Oonsignment,  Sampled,  Assayed,  and  Disposed 
Of  in  the  Open  Market  to  the  Highest  Bidder. 


JOHN  TAYLOR  &  CO.. 

IHP0RTBR8  AND  DBALKRS  IN 

ASSAYERS'    MATERIALS,    MINE 
AND  MILL  SUPPLIES, 

ALSO  CHEMICALS,    AND    PHYSICAL,  SCHOOL    AND 

CHEMICAL  APPARATUS. 
68  &  65  First  St.,  cor.  MlBslou.San  Francisco. 
Ay-~»^      We  would  cftU  the  attention  of 
^  '      AHBayera,  Chemiste,  Mining  Com* 
panioB,  Milling  Companies,  Pros- 
pectors, eto. ,  to  our  full  stock  of 
Balaocea,   Furnaces,    Mulflee,  Crucibles,    Soorl> 
flere,    etc.,    including,    also,  a    full     stock     of 
Chemicals. 

Having  been  engaged  In  furnlshlDg  these  sup- 
plies sinoi  the  first  discovery  of  mines  on  the 
Pacific  Coast,  we  feel  confident  from  our  experi- 
ence we  can  well  suit  the  demand  tor  tnese 
goods,  both  as  to  quality  and  price. 
Agents  for  the  niorg:an  Crnclble  Co.* 
^=^^  Bftttersea,  England-  Also  for  K.  O.  Dennis- 
ton's  Silver  Plated  Amalgam  Plates.  The  plates 
of  this  well-known  manufacturer  are  thoroughly  relia- 
ble, and  full  weight  of  Silver  guaranteed.  Orders  taken 
at  his  lowest  prices.  Our  Illustrated  Catalogue  and  As 
say  Tables  sent  free  on  application. 

JOHN  TAYLOR  ft  OO. 


Nevada  Metallurgical  Works, 

NO.  28  STEVENSON  STREET. 

Near  First  and  Market  Streets,  S.  F. 

0.  A.  Ldokhakdt,  Manager.  Establibhbd  1800 

Ores  worked  by  any  FrobesB, 
Ores  Sampled, 

ABsaying  in  all  its  Branches, 
Analyses  of  Ores,  Minerals,  Waters,  eto. 
Working  Tests  (practical)  Made. 
Flans  and  Specifications  fumiahed  for  the 
most  suitable  Process  for  Working  Ores. 

Special  attention  paid   to  Examinations  of 
Mines;  Plans  and  Reports  furnished. 

O.  A.  liUCKHARDT  &  OO., 
(Formerly  Huhn  &  Luokhardt, 
Mlnlmr  Engineers  and  Metallurgrlsts 


GREAT     REDUCTION! 

BATTERY    SCREENS. 

Best  and  Cheapest  In  America. 

No  imitation,  no  deception,  no  planished  or  rotten 
iron  used.  Only  genuine  Russia  iron  In  Quartz  Screens. 
Planished  iron  screens  at  nearly  half  my  former  rates. 

I  ha\e  a  large  supply  of  Battery  Screens  on  hand 
suitable  for  the  Huntington  and  all  Stamp  Mills,  which  I 
will  sell  at  20  per  oent  discount. 


PERFORATED  SHEET  METAL 

For  Flour  and  Rice  Mills,  Grain  Separators,  Revolving 
and  Shot  Screens,  Stamp  Batteries  and  all  kinds  of  Mlo 
Ing  and  Milling  Machinery.  Iron,  Steel,  Copper,  Brass. 
Zinc  and  other  metala  punched  tor  all  uses. 

Inventor  and  Manufacturer  of  the  celebrated  Slot  Cut 
or  burred  and  Slot  Punched  Screens. 

Mining  Screens  a  specialty,  from  No.  1  to  15  (finej. 
Orders  promptly  attended  to. 

San  Francisco  Pioneer  Screen  Works, 

321  &  223  First  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

JOHN  W.  QUICK,  Proprietor. 


WINCHESTER  HOUSE, 


41  Third  Street, 


San  Francisco,  Cal, 


This  Fire  proof  Bri  k  Building  ie  centrally  located,  in 
the  healtbieat  jart  of  the  city,  only  a  half  block  from  the 
Grand  and  Palace  Hotels,  and  close  to  all  Steamboat  and 
Railroad  Offices. 

Laund  ry  Free  for  the  use  of  Families, 

HOT  AND  COLD  BATHS  PKEE. 


Terms,  Board  and  Room,  $1.00  per  Day 

And  Upward. 

Rooms  witb  or  without  Board, 

Free  Coach  to  the  Hoon 


324 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[May  10,   1890 


II]arket  :Reports. 


Local  Markets. 

San  Francisco,  May  8, 1890. 

General  trade  the  past  week  was  fairly  active  up 
to  Wednesday,  when  the  rains  interrupted  it  to 
some  extent.  The  rains  have  come  opportunely  so 
far  as  the  agricultural  interests  are  concerned,  and 
when  these  are  benefited  all  others  are,  either  di- 
rectly or  indirectly.  It  is  feared  by  some  that  the  rains 
will  carry  off  the  snow  too  fast  from  the  mountain 
ranges,  and  therefore  the  mining  industry  in  many 
localities  will  suffer  for  water  later  on.  Among 
manufacturers  there  is  a  very  hopeful  feeling  re- 
garding the  future. 

The  money  market  continues  easy  under  fair  re- 
mlttaDces  from  different  parts  of  the  coast,  with 
only  a  moderate  inquiry  for  funds.  Previous  to  the 
rain  there  were  few  unemployed  men  in  this  city, 
and  these  were  only  idle  from  choice,  for  there  is  a 
good  demand  for  laborers.  The  mines  are  giving 
employment  to  a  largely  increased  number,  as  are 
also  various  improvements  in  nearly  all  parts  of  the 
State,  while  farmers  and  horticulturists  are  making 
freer  inquiries  for  help. 

MEXICAN  DOLLARS— The  market  shows 
more  activity  at  79  Ji  to  795^  cents  in  round  parcels, 
with  Chinamen  buying. 

SILVER— The  market  has  receded  some,  both  in 
London  and  New  York.  This  was  generally  ex- 
ppcted,  but  persons  who  are  usually  well  informed 
look  for  better  prices  in  the  near  future.  This  opin- 
ion is  based  on  Congressional  legislation  and  the 
legitimate  demand  of  trade.  As  long  as  Congress 
is  acting  on  the  subject,  silver  naturally  becomes 
speculative,  moving  trom  day  to  day  according  to 
the  complexion  of  the  legislation. 

The  local  silver  market  has  held  steady  at  Mint 
price  of  $1.02.  The  offerings  continue  light.  The 
London  market  declined  up  to  yesterday,  but  to-day 
it  is  46j^d.  The  advance  is  due  to  higher  prices  in 
New  York,  and  also  to  the  silver  bill  coming  up  in  the 
U.  S.  Senate.  Friends  of  the  measure  regret  that 
Senator  Jones  found  it  necessary  to  be  absent  from 
Washington  when  the  bill  came  up,  for  each  day's 
delay  counts. 

QUICKSILVER— Receipts  the  past  week  aggre- 
gate 160  flisks,  and  exports  by  sea,  50  flasiis  to 
Mexico.  1  he  market  is  strong  at  another  advance, 
in  sympathy  with  higher  prices  abroad,  a  light  out- 
put here,  and  a  good  demand.  The  coast  demand 
is  better  than  for  years. 

LIME— Receipts  the  past  week  aggregate  5432 
bbls.,  and  exports  by  sea  190  bbls.  to  Hilo.  The 
market  continues  active  at  steady  prices. 

BORAX — Receipts  the  past  week  aggregate  708 
ctls.,  and  exports  by  sea  8542  lb=.  to  Sydney.  The 
market  .=hows  continued  firmness,  with  a  good  de- 
mand ruling  from  the  East. 

ANTIMONY— The  New  York  market  shows 
more  ease.  Our  market  is  still  poorly  supplied, 
causing  more  or  less  nominal  prices. 

LEAD— From  all  advices  obtainable,  the  con- 
sumption on  this  coast  will  be  larger  than  during  last 
year,  while  the  output  of  the  mines  will  not,  probi- 
bly.  show  any  perceptible  increase.  At  the  East  a 
strong  market  is  reported,  wilh  the  West  large  con- 
sumers. Bmkers'  s'ocks  were,  at  last  raiil  advices, 
only  Scoo  tons  and  firmly  held.  It  was  difficult  to 
buy  below  $4,10. 

TIN— The  damaged  plate  has  been  (so  it  is  said} 
a^out  all  pUced.  The  market  is  b  irely  steady.  The 
consumption  will  probibly  exceed  that  of  la-^t  year. 
Trie  E  ist  reports  a  go  d  busines-;,  which  steadied 
the  for.-ign  markets.  Hurmg  the  past  week  there 
was  shipped  by  sea  St, coo  lbs.  plate  to  Victoria, 
B.  C. 

COPPER— The  market  gained  strength  the  past 
week,  but  thi^  was  generally  looked  for  owing  to  the 
st-^ong  statistical  position  oi  the  metal.  At  last  mail 
advices,  the  bankers'  holdings  had  been  reduced  to 
5003  tons,  due  to  the  sale  of  4000  tons  of  Lake  Su- 
perior to  consumers.  This  large  sale  was  tff-cted  at 
145^  cts.  The  mining  compmies  ulso  made  some 
guod--iz^d  sales.  At  last  advices,  Lake  companies 
refused  to  entertain  any  bids  at  less  than  15  cts.  for 
ingots,  bars  or  cakes.  It  is  stated  that  the  near 
future  product  of  the  Lake  mines  is  well  sold  up. 
Other  kinds  of  copper  show  more  strength. 

IROM— Imports  the  past  week  were  175  tons 
from  New  York  and  19  tons  from  Oregon.  The 
mirket  is  fairly  steady,  due  to  present  appearances 
warranting  the  belief  that  the  iron  manufacturers 
have  virtually  broken  the  backbone  of  the  molders' 
strike  by  securing  all  the  non-union  molders  wanted. 
They  are  turning  out  increased  orders  and  are  in  a 
fair  way  to  do  more  work  than  at  any  time  last  year. 
The  lower  prices  for  iron  in  London  and  New  York, 
combined  with  cheaper  freights,  may  unfavorably 
aff 'ct  iron  later  on. 

COAL— Imports  the  past  week  aggregate  as  fol- 
lows :  Departure  Bay,  2250  tons;  New  York,  3300; 
Riltimore,  2250;  Coos  Biy.  1200;  Taconia,  4738; 
Ninaimi.  119;  total,  13  857  tons.  The  market  con- 
tmues  tairly  firm  for  all  kinds,  with  a  good  demand 
f.jr  steam.  For  cargoes  of  Australian  on  passage, 
or  for  prompt  shipment,  the  market  is  steady;  but 
for  dist  int  shipment  or  shipper  the  year,  purchases 
can  be  made  below  J7  a  ton.  Coast  coals  are  un- 
changed. The  output  appears  to  be  regulated  by 
the  demand. 

Eastern  Metal  Markets. 

By  Telegrapli. 
New   York,   May  8,  1890.— The  following  are 
the  closing  prices  the  past  week: 

Silver  In    Silver  in 

London    New  York.  Copper,     Lead.        Tin. 
Thursday..  .46  9-16    1  OH  314  50       S4  10       S20  25 

Friday 46J  1  01^  14  60         4  07^       W  15 

Saturday 46}  1  Ol|  14  35         4  06         20  26 

Monday 46|  1  Ol|  14  75         4  05         20  45 

Tuesday 46i  1  OIJ  14  S5         4  021        20  50 

WedDe8dav..46  1  01  14  80         4  024       20  50 

New  York.  May  5. — Borax  Arm  at  full  prices.  Quick- 
fiilver  higher  at  70  (o  72c,  followinji  a  etroDg  adi'ance 
abroad.  There  have  been  larere  dealings  in  copper  this 
wsek.  The  ban  ter-i  released  7,600  COO  tb '.  of  Lake  iDgo*-  to 
consu-nerj;  reported  price,  14iio  L4gc;  at  close,  14.jc, 
quotftble;  itloo  2  000.000  pounds  of  wire  for  electric  use  in 
Ariz-)ua,  quoted  at  12^<al3c;  casting:,  12^0. 

Pig  lea.a  sold  higher;  600  tons  sold  at  94.07i(a4,10; 
jfune,  4|c;  at  the  close  it  Is  easier. 


San  Francisco  Metal  Market. 

WHOI-BSAI^. 

Thursday,  May  S,  1890. 

ANTIMONY 22^      23 

EORAX— Relinca,  in  carload  '.ota 8@     — 

Powdered  "         "       "    8  @     — 

Concentrated       "  "        "     7J@      — 

All  grades  jobbing  at  an  advance. 

Copper— 

Bolt 23  &     25 

Sheathing 23  @     25 

Ingot,  jobbing 17  @      18 

do,  wholesale —  @      1^ 

Fire  Eos  Sheets 23  «»      25 

Lbajj  —Pig 4J@      — 

Bar 5  &o     — 

Sheet 7  @      - 

Pipe 6  @      — 

Shot,  discount  10%  on  500  bags     Drop,  ¥  bag.  1  45  W      — 

Buck,  ^bas 1  65  @      — 

Chilled,  do . .  1  85  @     — 

TiNPLATE— B.  v.,  steel  grade,  14x20,  to  arrive.      —  (ffi     — 

B.  v.,  steel  grade,  ]4s2U,  spot 4  60  @  4  70 

Charcoal,  14x20 6  75  (cc  7  00 

do  roofing,  14x20 6  00  @      — 

do,  do,  20x28 12  00  @      — 

Pig  tin,  spot,  ^  tt) -   <&     20;; 

CosiE-  Eng.,  ton,  spot,  in  blk 13  50  (al4  50 

Do,  do,  to  load ..J4  50  @15  50 

QUIUKSILVBR— Bythetiask. 50  OO  tt«53  00 

Flasks,  new @      — 

Flasfca.  oM 3S  <» 

Chrome  Le.on  Ore,  ^  ton 10  ^.0^ 

iKON  -Bar,  biise 3  @       3i 

Norway,  base 4j(g       5i 

Steel- EngUah,  lb 16  (^      20 

Canton  tool 9@        9 

Black  Diamond  tool 9@       9 

Pick  and  Hammer 8  M      10 

Machinery 4@       5 

Toe  Calk 4i@       - 

Spot.  To  Load. 

Tron- Glengarnock  ton 35  00  (g 34  @  — 

Eglinton,ton ....35  00^ 32i«^ — 

American  Soft,  No.  1,  ton.. @35  00  32i@  — 

Oregon  Pig.  ton @35  00  —  @  — 

Puget  Sound 35  00  @ —  @  — 

Clay  Lane  White to  2    00  27' @ — 

Bhotts,  No.  1 35  00  Co35  00  321@  - 

Bar  Iron  [base  price)  ^  lb...      —  @      —  -  @  — 

Langloan  35  00  @ 34  @  — 

Tbovncliffe 35  00  & 34  @  — 

Gartaherrie 35  00  & 34  @  — 

Barrow 35  00  @ 34  @  — 

Thomas 35  00  @ _  @  _ 

Cargofleet 32  50  @ —  @  — 

Coal. 

TO  LOAP. 
Per  Ton.i  Per  Ton. 

Australian  ...     7  50  @  7  75|Lehigh  Lump..  16  50@17  00 

Liverpool  St'm    8  50  @ Cumberland  bk  16  00@ 

Scotch  Splint.     S  50  @  9  00  Egg,  hard 16  60@ 

Cardiff 9  00@  9  50l 

SPOT    FROM   YARD, 


Wellington S  9  00 

Greta     S  50 

WeetminsterBrymbo.     9  00 

Nanaimo 9  00 

Sydney 8  50 

Oilman 7  00 


Seattle 7  00 

Coos  Bay 6  00 

Cannet 12  00 

Egg,  hard 18  00 

Cumberland,  Id  Backs  15  00 
do.  hulk 14  00 


CANADIAN    ASTHRACITE   COAL. 

Fgg.shipside 312  6' jSDove,  yard $15  00 

Egg,  yard 15  tOtNut,  yard 15  CO 


Mining  Share  Market. 

The  mining  share  market  has  shown  more  activity 
in  ihe  Comstocks  at  declining  prices  in  some  and 
slight  advances  toward  the  close  in  others.  The 
condition  of  the  mines  warrants  higher  prices, 
which,  sooner  or  later,  must  come.  The  Mining 
Stock  Association  is  doing  all  in  its  power  to  bring 
about  absolutely  necessary  reforms  in  the  manage- 
ment of  the  mines,  with  every  indication  of  success. 
The  association  in  its  efforts  disserves  the  cordial 
support  of  all  stockholders  who  believe  the  mines 
should  be  run  for  the  benefit  of  the  stockholders  and 
not  for  that  of  a  few  over-rich  mill-owners,  and  in 
some  instances,  overpaid  cffici^ls.  In  outside  slocks, 
the  Tuscaroras  have  been  fairly  dealt  in,  while  the 
others  have  been  lifeless. 

Con.  Virginia's  bullion  output  for  April  aggre- 
gated $194,658.  Savage's  is  $32,446.  This  is  not 
included  in  the  monthly  financial  statement.  Chol- 
lar's  is  estimated  at  about  $30,000.  Crown  Point's 
(rot  included  in  monthly  financial  staiemeni)  at  last 
advices  was  $51,218,  with  another  shipment  to  hear 
from.  Hale  &  Norcross  had  on  hand,  and  not  in- 
cluded in  month  y  financial  st-itement,  $67  577,  wilh 
more  to  be  heard  from.  With  such  a  showing,  the 
latter  company  should  be  enjoined  from  collecUng 
the  50-cent  assessment,  which  was  evidently  levied 
to  buy  in  stock. 

In  the  down  move  in  the  Comstocks  the  pool  was 
assisted  by  the  bugaboo  story  of  dismantling  the 
California  Pan-Mill,  more  assessments  and  rumors 
of  others  to  follow,  and  last  by  Con.  Virginia  pass- 
ing its  dividend.  The  company  will  probably  have 
a  large  surplus  to  carry  over,  which  ought  to  make 
the  stock  just  so  much  more  valuable.  The  points 
are  out  for  lower  prices — not  much  lower,  but  just 
enough  to  frighten  timid  holders. 

Our  Virginia  correspondent  writes  that  the  in- 
cline winze  in  Overman  was  down  on  last  Tuesday 
20  feet,  and  that  the  pay  ore  had  widened  to  three 
sets  {18  feet)  of  timber.  The  average  assay  value  of 
the  ore  was,  on  that  day,  from  $30  to  $45  a  ton, 
with  gold  predominating.  This  hnd  is  near  the 
Caledonia  line.  The  same  ledge  is  reported  to  be 
in  Seg.  Belcher,  and  they  are  running  for  it.  The 
ore  in  the  Overman  winze  is  being  stoped  out  for 
milling.  The  drift  from  the  850-foot  level 
Ward  Shaft  is  being  run  through  the  Julia 
ground  into  bullion  so  as  to  intercept  the  ore 
found  in  P  *to&i.  In  the  latter  mine,  it  is  reported 
they  have  commenced  drifting  from  the  winze  for 
the  ore  found  above.  In  the  Mexican  west  crosscut 
on  the  1465-foot  level  they  were,  at  last  advices,  in 
ore.  An  improvement  is  reported  on  the  1650-foot 
level  of  Con.  Virginia.  In  Best  and  Belcher  they 
are  drifting  lor  the  «;ame  rich  ore  found  on  the  1200- 
foot  level  of  Con.  Virginia.  In  Alpha  they  have  run 
into  ore  in  the  crosscut  on  the  6Qo-foot  level,  and  ex- 
pect soon  to  cut  another  ore  body  in  west  crosscut 
on  the  500-foot  level. 

The  annual  report  of  the  superintendent  of  the 
Con.  Imperial  mine  is  of  the  most  important  char- 
acter. The  report  shows  that  they  are  opening  up  a 
large  area  of  fertile  ground  for  more  active  prospect- 
ing. It  also  confirms  our  statement  made  last 
December  that  they  had  run  into  ore  on  the  500-foot 
level  near  the  Alpha  line.  This  ore  assays  Irom  $30 
to  $40,  and  the  ledge  is  said  to  be  about  ten  feet 
wide.  The  width  and  value  are  not  given  by  the 
superintendent,  but  they  are  correct.  Belcher's 
official  letter  reports)  more  favorable  prospects. 
The  Confidence  and  Challenge  letters  are  favor* 
able. 
From  the  outside  mines  we  learn   that  very  active 


MINING    SHAREHOLDERS'    DIRECTORY. 

COUPILBD  BVBRT  ThDRSDAY    VROM  AdVERTISBMENTS  IN  THB  MINING  AND  SCIHNTIFIC  PrBSS  AND  OTUBE  S.  F.  JOURNALS 

ASSESSMENTS. 


Coup*  NT. 


Location.  No.  Am't.  Levied. 


Acme  M  &  M  To Califoini  .. 

Alabama  M  Co Nevada..  1.. 

Alpha  Cons  M  Co Nevada..  4.. 

Andes  S  M  Co Nevada.. 36.. 

Eailey  M  Co Nevada..  1.. 

Belcher  M  Co Nevada.. 39,. 

Conlidence  S  M  Co Nevada.. 15.. 

Cons  Imperial  M  Co Nevada.  .27. . 

Del  Monte  M  Co Nevada  .  3.. 

East  Bat&  Belcher  M  Co Nevada 1.. 

Gold  Hill  M  Co California..  9.. 

Gould  a  Curry  M  Co Nevada.. 64,. 

Gray  Kagle  M  Co California., 17.. 

Hale  fe  ^orcross  M  Co Nevada.. 95.. 

Haitford  M  Co Nevada..  7.. 

HnmboldtMCo Nev-tdi*..  ]., 

Indian  Creek  M  Co California..  1.. 

Kentuck  M  Co Nevada.. 21,. 

Morning  Star  Coua  M  Co Arizona..  1.. 

Navajo  M  Co Nevada.. 20.. 

North  Belle  Isle  M  Co Nevada..  17.. 

North  Commonwealth  M  Co Nevada.,  j.. 

North  Occidental  M  Co Nevada..  2.. 

Occ  dental  ■  ous  M  Co Nevada..  6.. 

I'eetlesB  M  Co Arizoua..  5.. 

Potosi  MCo Nevada.. 34.. 

Seg  Felcher&MidesCona  MCo.Nevada.,  6.. 

bilver  HiU  M  Co Nevada.  .26. . 

Standard  Cons.  M  Co California.,  2.. 


Dsunq't. 

..May  15... 

,.Apr  22... 

.May  16... 

.May  14... 
Apr  22.. 


3.. Mar  20, 

8..  Mar  18. 
25..  Apr  5. 
25..  Apr  10. 

8..  Mar  18, 
50, 
75 

5..  Apr  17. 
20.  .Apr  16., 
25..  Feb  11. 
25.. Apr  17., 
30.. Apr  28,. 
....May  1 
50.. Apr     9. 

2 . .  Apr     S . 

8.. Mar  18, 
10..  Mar  12. 
30.. Apr  29.... June  3. 

2.. Air  30.       "       "■ 


.Apr  29... .June  3, 
.Mar  12.,..Adr  16, 


.  ...Junell), 

. . .  May  14 . 

,  May  15 

..Apr  22, 

.  .Apr  14 


50.. 


.Apr 
.Apr 
25. .Apr  16.. 
6.. Mar  31. 
25. .Apr  28.. 
10.. Mar  28.. 
50  Mar  27.. 
30., May  " 


Sale.     Seoretart.  Place  of  BnaiNssa. 

June   9..J  M  Bufliogtou 3^3  California  St 

,Mayl3..WH  "Watson 302  Montgomery  St 

.June  5.  .C  S  Elliott 309  Montgomery  St 

.June  3..  J  J  Hawkins 3i 9  Montgomery  St 

May]3..W  H  Watson. 302  Montgomery  St 

Jun  24., OL  Perkins 3i9  Pine  St 

,May  7..A  S  Groch 414  California  St 

.May  22... June  11..CL  McCoy 3^9  Pine  St 

.May  2(>...  June  13.. J  W  Pew 310  Pine  St 

-Mar  14...  Mar  31.. C  H  Mason 331  Montgomery  St 

May  24...  June    10.. C  A  Gross Phelan  Block 

June  3....  Jun  26..  A  K  Durbim 3tp9  Montgomery  St 

.June  30..  J  M  Buffiogton 3j3  California  St 

.June  5., A  E  Toompson 309  Alontgomery  St 

June  6, .J  Herrmann 303  California  St 

..May  13,, W  H  Watson 302  Montgomery  St 

.May  14.  .S  C  MUis 419  California  St 

.Jim  21.. J  W  Pew 310  Pine  St 

May  31.... Jun  21..I  WNowlio 230  Montgomery  St 

May  15.... June  6..J  W  Pew 3i0  Pine  St 

"      "■     ,  Juue  5..JWPew 310  Pine  St 

.June  25,.  J  W  Pew 310  Pine  St 

,  May  26,  W  H  Watson 302  Montgomery  St 

■  Jun  30, .A  K  Durbim 309  Montgomery  St 

.June  9..  A  Waterman 30S  Montitomery  St 

.May  21. , C  E  Elliott 309  Montgomery  St 

June  30.  .E  B  Holmei 309  Montgomery  St 

..June  11.. D  C  Bates 309  Montgomery  St 

.May  19. .  J  W  Pew 310  Pine  St 


..May  14 
..May  21. 

.  May   5. 

.June  6.. 

.Apr  30.. 

Apr  30,. 
.June  9., 
..May  20. 
..Apr  14.. 


Apr  14.. 
25. .Mar     4., 
MEETINGS  TO  BE  HELD. 

Name  of  Companv  Looation.     Seoretabt  Ofptoe  in  8.  F  Meettno  Date 

0  mmonwealth  Cons  M  Co Nevada.. H  Deaa 309  Montgomery  St Annual May  14 

Con  Imperial  M  Co Nevada.. CL  McCoy i29  Pine  St Annual May  15 

Live  Oak  Drift  M  Co California,. J  Morizio 328  Montgomery  St Auuual May  15 

Mayflower  Gravel  M  Co California..  J  Morizio 328  Muntgomary  St Aui.ual May  13 

P&  PCoos  MCo J  W  Pew 3luPiueSt Annual May  10 

Scorjiion  M  Co Nevada    G  R  Spinney 310  Pine  St Annual May  12 

LATEST  DIVIDENDS— WITHIN  THREE  MONTHS. 

Name  or  Company.  Location.     Seobetahy.  Office  in  S.  F  Amount.  PAYABi-t 

Champion  M  Co California., T  Wetzel 522  Montgomery  St 10 Jan  20 

Candelaria  Cons  M  Co Mexico.. G  Gato 309  MoulgoiLery  St 25 Apr  5 

Caledonia  M  C Nevada.. Ay  Cheminant 328  Montgomery  St 08 May  15 

Con  California  &  Va  M  f^o Nevada., A  W  Havens 309  Montgomery  St 25 Feb  10 

Derbec  Blue  Gravel  M  Co California.. T  WetzeL 522  Mont(?omery  St 10 Apr  24 

Idaho  M  Co California -  .Grass  Valley 2  50 Mar  7 

Mt  Diablo  M  Co Nevada.. K.  Heath 319  Pine  St 30.... Oct2t 

Pacilic  Borax  Salt&  Soda  Co.  ..California.. A  H  Clough 230  Montgomery  St 1  00 May  10 


prospecting  work  is  being  done  in  the  Bodies  and 
Tuscaroras,  Eureka  and  Mt.  Diablo.  From  the 
Qu'jotoas,  our  advices  continue  very  favorable  from 
Peer.  They  will  soon  begin  crosscutting  or  drift- 
ing to  open  up  the  ore  body  found  recently. 


Table  of  Lowest  and  Highest  Sales  in 
S.  F.  Stock  Exchange. 


Namb  of 

OOMPANT. 


Alpha 

Alta 

Andes 

Belcher 

BesLft  Belcher.... 

Bullion 

Bodie  Con 

Bulwer 

Commonwealth  . . . 
Con.  Va.  ftOal.... 

Challenge 

ChoUar 

Confidence 

Con.  Imperial 

Caledonia 

Grown  Point 

Crocker 

Del  Monte 

UureKa  Con 

Exchequer 

Grand  Prize 

Gould  &  Curry.... 
Hale  &  Norcroas.. 

Julia 

Justice 

Kentuck 

Lady  Wash 

M  ono 

Mexican 

Navajo 

North  Belle  Isle... 

Nev.  Queen 

Occidental 

Ophir 

Overman 

Potosi 

Peerless 

Peer 

Savage 

S.B.&M 

Sierra  Nevada. .... 

SUverHiU 

Scorpion 

EJnion  Cod 

Utah 

Vellow  Jacket 


1.10 
1.25 

.60 
2.15 
3.25 
1.15 

.60 


Ending 
Apr.  17. 


.70 
2.tiF' 
3.95 
1.50 

.70 

2!55 
5,62 

3.70 
5.01) 


3.10 
.30 
1.00 


.40 

1.75 
2.50 
.30 
1.35 
1.05 
.30 
.35 


.40 

1.50 

1,25 

.35 

.45 

4.15 


IS 

S5 

1  (111 

Sll 

m 

1  OS 

1  RS 

4  SI 

S  11(1 

1  ib 

1.7! 

:i  Hh 

(i  3V 

■m 

a 

•m 

w 

1.  m 

•1.  4(1 

1  :» 

1  Vh 

a  mi 

a,!l5 

■Sa 

as 

H'l 

« mi 

3  45 

7S 

1  Ml 

2  55 

3.10 

Week 

Ending 

Api 

24. 

1  on 

1  as 

1  15 

1  as 

4ft 

(ill 

a  (III 

a  411 

y.  K5 

3  ss 

1  .(111 

1,411 

.60 

.VO 

a  55 

3  Bft 

4  0(1 

ft  la 

a  15 

a  mi 

a  K5 

4  aft 

5  la 

5  5(1 

,35 

411 

as 

a  ;ts 

a.vd 

311 

»h 

1  (111 

4  nil 

SR 

m 

45 

nil 

1  6(1 

1  mi 

a  3(1 

■I.  Kh 

ai 

3ft 

1  ail 

1  411 

1  (1(1 

1  25 

.:«i 

4(1 

.45 

.1,(15 

3.liO 

.15 

35 

I.IIO 

1.1.1 

«S 

75 

1   1ft 

1.45 

3  yii 

4,3s 

1  311 

1  .5(1 

a  wi 

4  an 

ao 

as 

aft 

3ft 

1  lift 

2,:«i 

I  as 

1  4(1 

■1.  aft 

a  vs 

IS 

25 

an 

25 

•>.  45 

a  75 

,.S6 

1    (II 

2.50 

2.86 

Week 
EmjiNG 
May  1. 


i.ro 

1.20 
.35 
2.16 
3.00 
1.05 


4 

4.95 
2.% 
3.45 
6.00 
.45 
.71 
2  80 


1  00  1.30 

1. 10  1.16 

.35  .40 

2.10  2.30 

2.S5  3.16 

1.06  1.15 

.70  .75 

25 

4.00  4.55 

4.25  4.70 

2.15  2.30 

2.50  3.06 
4.90 


1.05 
.60 
1.10 


2.00 
2.60 

.30 
1.55 
1.20 

.35 

3'65 
.30 


Week 
Ending 
May  8. 


.35 

.46  .65 

2.45  2.60 

.30  .... 

.80  1.00 

4.60  5.00 

.65  .70 

.50  .55 

1.60  1.70 

1.90  2.20 

.25  .... 

1.40  1.65 

.65  .85 

.25  .35 

.40  .... 

2  95  3  25 

.25  .... 

.90  1.25 

.65  .80 

1.115  1.10 

3.50  3. SO 

2  10  2.95 

2.75  3.25 

.30  .35 


.46 
1.90 
1.60 
2.30 


2  35    2.60 

85        95 

2.60    2.65 


Sales  at  San  Francisco  Stock  Exchange. 


Thuesday.  May  S,  9:30  a.m.: 

250  Alta 1.20 

50  Alpha 1-25 

300  Belcher 2.10; 

200  E.  &  Belcher. 3.05, 

100  Bodie 60cl 

500  Bullion 1.20 

100  Caledonia 6l:c: 

100  Central l.^c 

250  ChoUar 2.80 

800  Commonwealth 4.00 

lOO  Crown  Point 2  40 

100  Con.  Imperial 40c| 

100  Con.  Cal.  &  Va 4.55| 

50  G.«C 1.65| 

300  Hale&Nor 1.95, 

100  Holmes 2.60 

200  Julia 25c' 


125  .TuBtice 1.55 

20  Mexican 3.25 

200  Navaio 25c 

100  New  York Tc 

100  N.  Belle  Is 95c 

30O  N.  Commonwealth.. '1.36 

200  Occident 1.15 

370  Ophir 4.00 

1000  Overman 2.35 

100  Peer 25c 

600  Potosi 3.10 

50  Savage 1  85 

400  S.  B.  SM 1.35 

350  Sierra  Nevada 2.25 

100  Silver  Hill 20c 

400  Utah 9'c 

100  Union 2.46 

100  Yellow  Jacket 2.60 


Successful  Patent  Solicitors. 

Afl  Dewey  &  Co.  have  been  in  (;he  patent  soliciting  busi- 
oesB  on  this  Coast  now  (or  so  many  years,  the  firm's  name 
la  a  well-known  one.  Another  reason  (or  its  popularity 
Is  that  a  great  proportion  o(  the  Pacific  Coast  patents 
issued  by  the  Government  have  been  procured  through 
their  agency.  They  are,  there(ore,  well  and  thoroughly 
posted  on  the  needs  o(  the  progressive  industrial  classes 
of  this  Coast.  They  are  the  best  posted  firm  on  what 
has  been  done  in  all  branches  o(  industry,  and  are  able 
to  judge  of  what  is  new  and  patentable.  In  this  they 
have  a  great  advantage,  which  is  of  practical  dollar  and 
cent  value  to  their  chents.  That  tliis  is  understood  and 
appreciated,  is  evidenced  by  the  number  of  patents 
Issued  through  their  Soibntipio  Prbsb  Patent  Agency  (S 
F,l  from  week  to  week  and  v«aT  to  year. 

The  Anaconda  and  St.  Liwrence  mines  at 
BuUe  will  soon  be  reopened,  it  being  the  opin- 
ion that  the  fire  is  at  last  extinguished. 


INVENTORS,     TAKE       NOTICE  1 

L.  petersonTmodel  maker, 

263  Market  St. ,  N.  E.  cor.  Front  (up  stairs),  San   Francsioo 
Experimental  machinery  and  all  kinds  of  models    Tin 
and  brasswork.    All  gommunications  strictly  oonfiden- 
tiai. 


Oar  Agents. 

Our  Fribnds  can  do  much  In  aid  of  our  paper  and  the 
cause  of  practical  knowledge  and  science,  oy  assisting 
Agents  In  their  labors  of  canvassing,  by  lending  their  in. 
Buence  and  encouraging  favors.  We  intend  to  send  none 
out  worthy  men. 

J.  C.  HOAG — San  FranciBco. 

B.  O.  Bailbt — San  Francisco. 

Edwix  Tilpen — San  Francisco 

Samdkl  Cliff— San  Luis  Obispo  Co. 

O.  J.  Wadr— San  Bernardino  Co. 

W.  W.  Throbaldb— Los  Angeles  and  Orange  Co'9. 

E.  B.  Tafv— San  Joiquin  Co 

John  B  HiLi,— San  Diego  Co. 

E.  H.  SciiAKFPLB — Ca  averas  Co 

Frank  S.  Chapto— Colusa  and  Tehama  Co's 

W.  B.  Frost— Merced  and  Stanislaus  Co's. 

Gbo.  Wilsom- Sacramento  Co. 

T.  M.  Stacrus— Sierra  Co. 

H.  Krllry— Modoc  Co. 

H.  B  Parkkr— Del  Norte  Co. 

Wm.  H.  Hillbart- Oregon. 

H.  G.  Parsonh— Oregon. 

R.  G.  Huston — Montana. 


Complimentary  Samples, 

Persons  receiving  this  paper  marked  are  re- 
quested to  examine  its  contents,  term  of  Bnb< 
Boription,  and  give  it  their  own  patronage,  and 
as  far  as  practicable  aid  in  oironlating  the 
journal,  &nd  making  its  value  more  widely 
known  to  others,  and  extending  its  influence  in 
the  cause  it  faithfully  serves.  Subscription 
rate,  $3  a  year.  Extra  copies  mailed  for  10 
oenta,  if  ordered  soon  enough.  If  already  a 
snbaoriber,  pIoaBO  nhoTv  the  pappr  tn  nthorg. 


Attention,    Southern    Oalifornia 
jyi  iners. 

WORKS  FOR  .SALE. 
The  Works  are  situated  at  Daggelt,  Cal..  in  the 
Calico  Mining  Dislrict,  and  on  the  side-trai  k  of  the 
Atlantic  and  Pacific  Railroad.  They  cmlrtin  a  first- 
r.Iass  so-hori^e  power  Engine  and  45-horse  power 
boiler,  with  Ore  Crusher  and  olher  nuchinery,  Mill 
Scales.  Assaying  Outfit,  etc. .  all  neary  new.  Also 
upon  the  premises  an  office  1  uilding  and  a  comfort- 
able dwelling-house  (portabli  )  The  abov.^  c^n  he 
had  at  a  bargain.  Applv  10  Gl  LLISPV  &  CHILDS, 
123  California  St. ,  San  Franri'co, 


lATENTS! 

Scientific  Press  Patent  Agency 

OADEST  ABLEST,  220  JIai'ketSt..S.F 


SAFEST,  BEST. 


HORACE  D.  RANLETT, 

Ores,  MiDing,  and  GomiDissioD, 

420  Montgomery  St.,  S.  F. 

Shipg  under  advances  to  pmelting  works  in  Boston, 
New  York,  Btiltim  Te  and  Liverpool. 

Twenty-one  years'  experience  in  Shipping;  Ores  and 
managing  Minea 

Solicits  Cousignments  of  Copper  Produce  and  Manage- 
ment of  Min'ne:  Matters. 

AH  business  cnnducted  on  Cash  Basis. 

Purch.tae  and  shipment  of  Mining  Supplies  a  Spbcialtt. 

Sales  of  Developed  Copper  Qlines  undertaken. 

Business  Manager  of  U^nION  COPPER  MINE,  Copper- 
opolis,  Cal.;  NEWTON  COPPER  MINE,  Amador  Co.,  Cal. 

X^OXl    «t  A  -r,-gn 

One  Ohmen's  12z12  Automatic  Enplne; 
best  style  in  use  Also,  1  Boiler  48  in.  x  16  ft.  Both  ntarly 
new.    Apply  to     j.  W.  QOICK,  '^Hl  First  at,. 

(Top  Floor)  San  Prannleco,  OrI, 

A  MIDDLE-AGED  MAN  BY  THE  NAME  OP  JOSEPH 
McLEARN,  Miner,  left  Nova  Scotia  17  years  aeo  for 
California.  H'S  friends  would  be  thankful  to  any  person 
who  could  give  any  information  concerning  his  where- 
abouts. 


Mat  10,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


325 


l(mm\i\  fiotice?. 


GRAY  KAGl-R  MINING  COMPANY,  Loc» 
tlon  of  pitriclpfti  pl*re  of   bn*inert«,   S«n    Frmnclico. 
OkJtforolft.    uocattoo  of  VVorkH,  Flac«r  coarity,  Cklirornla' 

Nntica  Is  ti-rrbv  kIvcd,  that  At  &  iiitvtini;  i^r  the  IUkikI 
Of  I>irrctor«.  lirlJ  on  tlio  Ut  day  of  Mky,  l->'.iO.  ui  iuncm- 
mciil.  No.  17,  p(  l)v«  (0)  ceiitD  uor  olikni,  was  U-vivd  uihju 
Ibe  Cipiul  Stock  of  ttid  Corporatloo.  p»j»bIo  im- 
Dxdi&tuly  In  Uult«d6tAt««UoI(l  Coin  to  tli«  8ucretar> , 
at  the  otiice  of  tbfl  Company,  Rocni  II,  Ni».  at."  CallfornU 
litre- 1,  San  Krancltco,  Oallforoia. 

Anv  ttlock  !i|>f>n  which  thia  utf^nicnt  ahall  remain 
uni«til  on  thu  lUth  day  of  June,  lS9i),  will  bo  ilelin<|Ut'iit 
»i  il  BilvurtlHctl  f 'F  ealu  at  piihlic  auction:  and  uiiIckb 
payment  i*  niiulo  betnrn,  will  he  boM  on  MOMJAV,  the 
90th  liny  of  -Tune,  ISDO.  to  pay  the  dulliiiiucnt  atf  (.-w-riirut, 
tOKuthar  wtiD  the  cottti  ut  cidvertiaint;  and  expenstit  of 
laln. 

By  order  of  the  IJjarH  of  Directors. 

.»   M.  Bl'Kl-INOTON,  Secretary. 

Olllco,  Room  11,  No.  :)0a  California  Strutit,  Sin  Kian- 
cUoo,  Cikllfurnla. 


GOLD  HILL.  MINING  CoMP*  NY-I^jvatlon 
of  iirlnelpAl  place  of  busiaetis,  Sao  Krancittco,  Call- 
(orola;  location  of  wurka,  tirass  Valloy,  Nuvada  Couutv, 
California. 

Notice  ifl  hor*  hy  clven.  tiiat  at  a  meotine  of  tho  Boani 
cf  hlruotorH,  held  on  the  17lh  day  ol  Ajtril,  l^f)o,  an 
aiwcseriioiit  (Mo.  9)  uf  Twenty-live  Cents  pur  Biiaro  wtis 
levied  upon  (he  r^tpital  stock  of  the  Corporation,  payable 
Imiuodlattily,  in  (iiltod  States  Gold  Coin,  to  the  Sucre* 
tarv,  at  the  olHce  of  the  Coropmy,  Room  20,  Phelan 
Bulling,  San  Fraocisou,  California. 

Any  stock  upon  which  thla  apsosamcnt  shall  remain 
unpild  on  H.u  'i4lli  day  of  May.  1890.  will  he  ilellnfjiiunt 
and  advertittid  fur  sale  at  "public  auctitm;  and  unlfM^ 
payment  Is  luadt-  before,  will  be  sold  uii  TLTE>UAY.  the 
10th  day  of  Jiinu,  18'JO,  to  pay  the  dclininient  asaessmeiit, 
toKothcr  with  coflta  of  advertising  aud  uxpensea  of  salt;. 
By  order  of  the  Boartl  of  Directors 

C.  A.  GROW,  Secretary, 
Otlicc,  Room    20,    Thelan   BaildlLg,  Sin  Fraociico.  Cali- 
fornia. 


3DI"Vir>BlSrJD    ISrOTICE- 


OFPECE  OP  THE  PACIFIC  BORAX,  SALT 
and  Soda  Company,  San  Frauclaco,  Aj-ril  30,  1H90. 
At  a  meeting  of  the  Boartl  of  Directors  ol  the  above- 
named  Company,  held  this  day,  a  Dividend  (No.  31)  of 
One  Itollar  (;?1.00)  per  share  was  declared,  payable 
S.\TURDAV,  My  10,  ItiOO,  at  the  office  of  the  Company, 
No.  230  Montgomery  'street,  Rooms  11  and  12.  Transfer 
Books  close  May  6, 1S90,  at  3  o'clock  p.  m. 

ALTON  H.  CLOUGH,  Secretary. 


PRACTICAL 

Books  on  Mining 

AND  IRRIGATION. 

Descriptive  Catalogue  and  Circulars  of  Books  relating 
to  Assaying,  Mining,  Electricity  and  Mechanical  Engineer- 
ing, sent  free  on  application. 

E.  &  F.  N.  SPON,  Publishers, 

12  Cortlandt  St.,  New  York. 


FOR  SALE  CHEAP. 


One  new  double  circular  Sawmill  to  carry  80-inch  bot- 
tom saw,  with  wrought-iron  hangers  for  top  saw.  Fric- 
tion feed-works,  patent  steel  screw  double-throw  head- 
blocks,  with  track  iron,  saw  carriage  and  frame  complete. 

RI8DON  IRON  &  LOCOMOTIVE  WORKS, 

San  Francisco,  Oal. 


Ol.AYTOjfr 

^■^  t  KA  rt  r>  /"^  \/  c  r\ 


IMPROVED 


AIR  COMPRESSORS 

For  catalogues,  ESTIMATES,  Etc.,  AD0R€8S,  .    , 

Clayton  Air  Compressor  Works 

OF     BROOKLYN,     M      Y.      ^  | 

43  OEY  ST.,  NEW  YORK; 


tdlicational. 


or 

ASSAYING    AND    CHEMISTRY, 
Rooaut  40  A  47,  >e28  UoDtaomerv  8t. 

ai  Floor  UonlKomorr  BIk.  f        San  Franclsoo, 
AlBO,  Eveolnft  Claases,  7  to  10  <''oloo)i. 

JOHN  T.  EVANS,  M.  A.,  Prlndp^ 


THE  RUSSELL  PROCESS. 

For  information  concerning  this  process  for  the  re- 
duction of  iires  containing  precious  metals,  and  terms 
of  license,  apply  to 


THE     EUSSBLIi     PROCESS 
Ne"w  Havec  Conn. 


CO., 


School  of  Practical,  Civil,  Mechanical  and 
IVIINING  ENGINEERING, 

Snryemg,  Archltectnre,  DrawlDg  anil  Assamg 

723    MARKET   STRBBT, 

Tho  History  BuIIiIUie,  S».s  FKiKclBCO,  Cal, 

A.  VAN  LlEli  NAILLEN.  PriMiUont. 

AaraylDg  of  Ores,  926;  Bullion  and  Chlorliiation  Aaaay. 

J25;  Blowpipe  Aauy,  ijio.    rull  courso  of  weaying,  |60. 

^rSeiid  for  circular. 


BUSINESS     OOLLEQE, 

24  POST  ST.,  8.  P. 

FOR  SEVENTY-FIVE  DOLLARS  THIB 
College  Instructs  In  Shorthand,  Type  Writing,  Booh- 
«eeplng,  telegraphy,  Pcumaaahtp,  Drawing,  all  the  En- 
glish branches,  and  everything  pbrtalnlng  to  business, 
tor  six  full  months.  We  have  sixteen  teachers,  and  give 
lodlvldual  iostructloo  to  all  our  puptlB.  Our  school  hat 
Its  graduates  lO  every  part  ot  the  State. 
AVSiMD  FOR  CiaomiAa. 

B.  P    HBALD.  PreeldCDt. 
n,  8.  BALRT.  Secrakarv 


THE    ZANDER    LAMP-BURNER. 

No  Trouble  to  Put  In  the  Wick. 


This  Patented  Burner  has  a  slide- plate  h  on  the  wick- 
tube  /!,  with  grooved  llanges  b'.  The  slide-p'ato  ia  re- 
moved from  the  tube /J  and  tha  wick  inserted  tbroush 
the  open  side,  the  witk  edges  being  easilv  prepaed  in 
past  and  under  the  edges  of  the  tube.  The  slide-plate 
is  then  put  back,  fully  inclosing  the  wick.  With  this  It 
is  unnecessary  to  force  the  wick  through  a  closed  tube 
and  past  its  ratchet  wheels.  THIS  PATENT  IS  FOR 
SALE.  It  is  one  of  those  every-fiay-use  pTacticil  inven- 
fiona  of  merit  that  will  take.  Address  LOUIS  ZANDER, 
1223  Twcnty-flrat  Avenue,  East  t>okland,  Alameda  Co 


T=t  A  3xrj3  CJOTn»Xji3xrcs-- 

Best  In  the  "World.     Most  Simple  In  Appli- 
cation    Most  Powerful— Coeapest.    Ball 
and   Socket  Joint.     Rl«tit  and  Left 
Screw.    TVorfcs   Freely.    Juat 
the  thing  for  Large  Tanks 
In  a  Dry  Climate. 

WELLS,  EUSSELL&CO.JaDtBnllilers 

Mills,  Cor.  Mission  &  Fremont  Sts.,  S.  F, 


GRANGER'S  ROLLER  STAMP  Mill 

Beats  them  all.   Works  dry  ores.    Makes  ct  en  gran- 
ulation.   No  dead  work,  iicnce  minimum  wear. 

A.  P.  GRANGER,  Denver,  Colo. 


GRANGER'S  DRY  ORE  SEPARATOR 

The  very  befit.  Uses  no  wntcr.  No  Irefzinjr  up. 
Raves  hniillnK  waste.  Suves  high  percentage.  Send 
for  circulars. 

A.  P.  GRANGER.  Denver,  Colo. 


ESTABLISHED    1866. 


Pacific  Chemical  Works 

HENRY    G.    HANKS, 

Practical  and  Indnstrial  Cbemist,  Assayer 
and  Geologist, 


718  MONTGOMERY  ST., 


SAN  FRANCISCO. 


iarWill  report  on  the  condition  and  value  ot  any  mining  property  on 
the  Pacific  Coast.  Rare  Chemicals  mode  to  order.  Instructions  given  in 
Aisaytng  and  Practical  Chemistry 


WORTHINGTON  STEAM  PUMPS! 

Will  Contract  to  Pump  any  Elevation  at  One  Lift. 

We  are  puuiplu^  tbrouRb  out  coiUinunus  line  ol  pipe  114  miles  loug  agaitut  a  pressure 

fqURl  to  ".JUd  ffcl  Ulf Viitioil. 

WE   HAVE   MORE   PUMPING    CAPACITY 

tUPPLYlNC     WATER     WOKKS 

Than  all  othfr  Manuf-iciurers  In  the  United 
Scutes  CombiDtd. 


WE  BUILD  PUMPS  FOR  EVERY  PURPOSE 

KOH  WHUH  PUMPS  ARE  UtlKD, 

And  aKaluKt  pressures  up  to  SOOO  pounds  per  t^quaro 
mch. 

Send  for  Iliustra.ed  Catalosue, 


Pacldc  Co^iat  Sales  .figent, 
NOS.    59   AND   61    FIRST    feTRBET,    -    -    -    DONAHUE   BUILDING, 

ALSO  AdENT  FOR  THE 

NATIONAL    WATER     PURIFYING     COMPANY, 

Having  the  largest  Artifl'^ial  Planln  in  Uie  United  Stales  in  operation  in  Philadelphia  and  Chattanooga, 
having  cuanged  the  next  best  system,  in  several  instances,  to  the  National,    Any  eapacity  guaranteed. 


xte;     3Vj:<3KrE3 


BY     USING 


WATER  POWER  TRANSMITTED  BY  ELECTRICITY 

To  Run  your    Mills,   Hoists    and    Trams. 

For  Ciroalar  giviDg  particulars  send  to 

KEITH     ELECTRIC    CO.. 


—  MANnFACTURERS  OF  — 


Apparatus  for  Electric  Light  and  Electric  Power 

OFFICE,  40  NEVADA  BLOCK, 

Factory,  Stevenson  St..  bet.  First  and  Ecker,  SAN  FRANCISCU,  CAL. 

FRISBEE-LUCOP  MILL  CO., 

MANOPACTDBERS    OP 

Centrifugal  Roller  Steel  Mills, 

FOR  PULVERIZING  ORES,  WET  OR  DRY, 

For  Amalgamation  or  Concentration,  and  for  Manufacture  of  Cement,  Fertilizers,  Paint, 
and  all  other  purposes  for  whicb  grinding  or  pulverizing  is  required. 

Send  for  Catal  gue  bdiI  Price  List  to 

FRISBBB  -  LUCOP    MILL    CO., 

145    BROADWAY,    NEW    YORK. 


Hock  Drilling  and  Air  Compressing 
Machinery 

For  TUNNELS,  QUARRIES.  MINES,  RAILROADS 

And  Wherever   Ore   and   Sock  are  to   be  Drilled  and  Blasted. 

lar  SEND     FOR    NEW     CATALOGUE    OF     1889.  "SS 


RAND    DRILL  CO., 

23  Park  Place,  New  York.  U.  S.  A. 


Smelter  For  Sale  or  Exchange. 

One  fiO-ton.  wrought  iron,  water-jacket  Smelting  Fur- 
nace (36"xG0"  at  the  tuyeres)  of  tho  latest  design,  wi  h 
Crusher,  Bluwer,  Boiler,  Pumps,  Enf(ines,  Tools,  and 
everything  complete  for  immediate  delivery,  and  only 
used  about  six  months.  Cheap  for  cash,  or  will  exchanee 
for  interest  in  a  Lead-Silver  Mine,  or  erect  in  any  mining 
camp  that  will  guarantee  a  certain  output.  For  further 
particulars  address  Box  28,  Elkhora,  MoutaDa. 


RUPTURE    AND     PILES. 

,^^  We  Positively  Cure  all  kiods  of  R\ipture 

/^^JITt     ^°d  Rectal  Diiieasea,  no  matter  of  how  long 

I   iJr  niM     atandiag,   in   from  30  to  60  days,  without  the 

I  iVaV      "^^    °^    KNIFE,  DRAWING  BLOOD,  Or  DETEN- 

*•        h    \ti      TioN  FROM  nusiNESs.    Terms:    NoXure. 

no  Pay;  and  no  Pay  nntil  Cured. 

If  alHicted,  come  and  see  us  or  aendalamp  for 

Damphlet,    Address: 

DRS.  PORTBRFIELD  &  LOSBY, 
888  Market  Street,     -       -     San  Frauctsoo. 


326 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[May  10,  1890 


The  nmiJ  Metal  of  the  Present,   no  longer  "  The 
Metal  of  the  Future." 


Aluminium! 


a*TjsT    m:.A-i3Tr* 


AliCr'WI'^IUIvr.— Its  History,  Occurrence,  Proper- 
ties Metallurgy  and  v^pplicatiODS,  including:  its 
AUovs.  B/  Joseph  W.  Kichards,  M.  A.,  A.  C,  In- 
structor in  Metallurgy  at  the  Lehigh  Univen-if.y.  Sec- 
on*!  edition,  revised  and  greatly  enlarged.  Illustrated 
by  28  engravings  and  two  diagrams.    550  pages     8vo. 

Price  SS.OO,  by  mml,  free  of  postage  to  any  address  in 
the  world.  _.  ^  _ , 

CONTENTS.— Chapter  I.  History  of  Aluminium. 
II  Occurrence  of  Aluminium  in  Nature.  HI.  Physi- 
cal Properties  of  Aluminium.  IV.  Chemical  Proper- 
ties of  Aluminium.  V.  Properties  and  Preparation 
of  Aluminium  Compounds.  VI  Preparation  of  Alum- 
inium Compounds  for  Reduction.  VII.  The  Manu- 
facture ot  Sodium.  VIII.  The  Reduction  of  Alumin- 
ium Compounds  from  the  S  andpoint  of  Thermal 
Chemistry.  IX.-  Reduction  of  Aluminium  Com- 
pounds by  means  of  Potassium  or  Sodium.  X.  Re- 
duction of  Aluminium  Compounds  by  means  i  f 
Potassium  or  Sodium  (Continued).  XI.  Reduction 
of  Aluminium  compounds  by  ttie  Use  of  Electricity. 
XII.  Reduction  of  Aluminium  Compounds  by  other 
means  than  Sodium  or  Electricity.  XHI.  Working 
in  Aluminium  XIV.  Alloys  of  Aluminium.  XV. 
Aluminium- Copper  Alloys.  XVI.  Aluminium-Iron 
Alloys.  XVII.  Analysis  of  Aluminium  and  Alumin- 
ium Alloys.    Index.  .    ^  „  «,  , , 

CW  A  circular  of  i  pages,  ito,  showing  the  fiill  Table 
of  Contents  of  this  thoroughly  revisedand  recast  treatise, 
shoioing  the  state  of  the  industry  up  to  1S90,  and  which 
has  played  an  important  part  tn  the  rapid  devdopment 
of  this  New  Metal,  will  be  sent  free,  and  Jree  of  postage^ 
to  any  one  in  any  part  of  the  loorld  who  loill  furnish  m- 
toith  his  address. 

^' Our  new  and  revised  Catalogue  of  Practical  and 
Scientific  Books,  86  pages,  8vo,  and  our  other  Cataopues, 
the.  whole  covering  every  Irranch  of  Science  applied  to  the 
Arts,  sent  free  and  free  of  postage  to  any  one  in  any 
part  of  the  world  who  will  furnish  us  with  his  address. 

HENRY  CAREY  BAIRO  &  CO.. 

iNDDSTRtAL     POBL'SHEaS,      BOOKSELLERS     AND     IMPORTERS, 

8  lO  Walnat  St.y  f  Iilladelpliia,  f  a.,L.  S.  A. 


RIX  k  FIRTH, 

225  and  227  First  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

Compressed  Air  and  Water  Power 
Machinery. 


KNIGHT'S  WATER  WHEEL, 

For  Mills,  Pumping  and  Hoisting. 

OVBK    SOO  IN    USB. 
All  estimates  g^uaranteed.   Send  for  Circular. 


The  Best  Mining  District 

On  the  Pacific  Coaat  ! 

GRASS    VALLEY,  OAL. 


THE  BEST  NEWSPAPER  published  in  the   district  is 

Daily  and  Weekly  edition.  Gives  all  the  Mioiuff  News. 
Dealers  in  Mining  Machinery  and  Mioing  Supplies  will 
find  THE  TIDINGS  the  best  medium  for  directly  reach- 
ing the  owners  or  managers  of  mines.  Investors  in 
mines  will  find  it  to  their  advantage  to  subscribe. 

Many  mines  are  in  successful  operation,  and  new 
enterprises  are  being  instituted  and  many  others  are  in 
contemplation. 

DAILY,  $6  00  a  year;  WEEKLY,  S2.50,  in  advance. 
H.  S.  SPAULDING,  Publisher. 

T.  a  HOCKING.  Editor. 


WATER  TANKS;     WINE  TANKS  1 

CALIFORNIA    WINE    COOPERAGE     CO. 

FUI-DA  BROS.»  Proprietors, 

30  to  40  Spear  St.,  San  Francisco. 

ALL  KINDS  OP  CASKS,  TANKS,  Etc. 
^"Ship,  Mihinq,  and  Watbr  Taneb  a  Specialty.*^! 


VAN   DUZEN'S 

STEAMjetPUMP 

For  Water  Snpply  Tanlts. 

For  Fire  Pomp  on  I'artl  or  Switeli  Famines. 

For  Rounct  Ifoase  Cleneral  Worl*. 

For  OraininE;  Ponds,  Pit*,  CoHer  Dams.  etc. 

10  Sizes.    S"  to  875.    TliouHands  in  use. 

Write  for  Descriptive  Pump  Circular,  v 

VAN   DU2EN  &  TIFT,  CINCINNATI,   O. 


Engraving 


Superior  Wood  and  Metal  Engrav 
log,  Elecfcrotrping  and  Stereotyping 
■done  at  the  omce  of  this  paper. 


PACIFIC    ROLLING   MILL   CO., 

UANUFAOTDBBRS  OF 

1  Steel  CasiB  -^  Steel  M 


UP  TO   20,000   LBS.   WEIGHT, 

Trae  to  pattern  and  superior  in  stremrth,  tongbness  and  durability  to  Oast  or  WrouBht 
Iron  In  any  position  or  for  any  service. 

GEARINGS,  SHOES,  DIES,  CAMS,  TAPPETS,  PISTON-HEADS,  RAILROAD  and  MA- 
CHINERY CASTINGS  of  Every  Description. 


HOMOGENEOUS  STEEL. 


SOFT  and  DUCTILE, 


SUPERIOR  TO  IRON  FOR 


LOCOMOTIVE  AND  MARINE  FORCINGS. 

ALSO  Steel  Rods,  from  }  to  3  inch  diameter  and  Flats  trom  1  to  8  Inch.  Angles,  Teea.  ChannelB  and  other  Bhape 
Steel  Wagon,  Buggy,  and  Truck  Tires,  Plow  Steel;  Machinery  and  Special  Shape  Steel  to  alze  and  lengths 
STB£Ii  BAIXiS  from  12  to  45  pounds  per  yard.  ALSO,  Kallroad  and  Merchant  Iron,  Rolled 
Beams,  Angle,  Channel,  and  T  Iron,  Bridge  and  Machine  Bolts,  Le^  Screws,  Nuts,  Washers,  Ship  and  Boat 
Spikea;  Steamboat  Shafts,  Cranks,  Pistons,  Connecting  Rods,  etc  Car  and  Locomotive  Axles  and  Frames, 
and  Lron  Forgings  of  all  kinds,  Iron  and  Steel  Bridge  and  Roof  Work  a  Specialty. 

HIGBEST  PBICX:  PAID  FOB  SCKAP  IKOK  AND  STBEX. 
US'  Orders  will  have  prompt  attention.    Send  for  Catalogues.    Address 

PACIFIC  ROLLING  HILL  CO..  202  Market  St..  San  Francisco. 


FULTON     IRON    WORKS, 

HINOKLEY,  SPIERS    &    HAYES.  Proprietors. 


[ESTABLISHED    IN 


1855.] 


TUSTIN'S    PULVERIZER. 


— MANUFACTORBRS    OF — 

MARINE  ENGINES  AND  BOILERS.- 
Propeller  Engines,  either  High  Pressure  or  Compound, 
Stern  or  Side- wheel  Engines. 

MINING  MAOHINERY.-Holstlng  Engines  and 
Works,  Cages,  Ore  Buckets,  Ore  Cars,  Pumping  Engines 
and  Pumps,  Water  Buckets,  Pump  Columns,  Air  Com- 
pressors, Air  Receivers,  Air  Pipes, 

MILL  MACHINERY.— Batteries  for  Dry  or  Wet 
Crushing,  Amalgamating  Pans,  Settlers,  Furnaces,  Re- 
torts, Concentrators,  Ore  Feeders,  Rock  Breakers,  Fur- 
naces for  Reducing  Ores,  Water  Jackets,  etc 

MISCELLANEOUS  MACHINERY.— Flour 
Mill  Machinery,  Saw  Mill  Engines  and  Boilers,  Dredging 
Machinery,  Powder  Mill  Machinery,  Water  Wheels. 

Tustin's  Pulverizer 

WORKS  ORE  WET  OR  DRY. 


ENGINESsBOILERS 

OF    ALL    KOTOS, 
Either  for  use  on  Steamboats  or  for  use  on  Land. 

Water  Pipe,  Frunp  or  Air  Columns,  Fish' 
Tanks  for  Salmon  Canneries 

OP   BVBKT  DBSORIPTION. 

Boiler  Repairs  Promptly  attended  to  and  at  v«ry  moaerace  rates. 

AQBHT8  FOR  THB  PAOmC  COAST  FOR  THB 

JDoAixe   Stea.zxL  Pvu3a.-c3. 

SPECIALTIES : 

CorllBB  Engines  and  Tnstin  Ore  Pnlverizers.  DBANB    STEAM    PUMP. 

Agents  and  Manufacturers  of  the  Llewellyn  Feed  Water  Purifier  and  Heater. 


THE  GIANT  POWDER  COMPANY 

Manulaoture  Three  Kinds  of  Powder,  which  are  acknowledged  by  all  the  Great  Chemists  ol  the  World  as 

The  Safest  and  Strongest  High  Explosives  in  the  Marl<et. 

Of  Different  Strengrths  aa  Required. 

IitOBEI.'S    EXPI.OSIVE     GEtATINB,"   which  contains    94  per  cent  of  Nltro-OIycerine,  and 

GBI.ATINE-DTN AMITE,  Stronger  than  Dynamite  and  even  Saler  in  Handling. 

JUDSON  POWDER  IMPROVED. 

FOR  RAIXROADS  AND  I.ANI>  CI-EARING.  Is  from  three  to  four  times  stronger  than  ordinary  Blast- 
ing Powder,  and  is  used  by  all  the  Railroads  and  Gravel  Claims,  as  it  breaks  more  ground,  pulverizes  better  and 
saves  time  and  money.    It  is  as  dry  as  the  ordinary  Blasting  Powder  and  runs  as  freely. 

BANDMANN,  NIELSEN  &  CO., 


OAFS  and  VCSE  for  Sale 


QBNBRAL  AGBNTS,  «AN  FRANCISCO  CAL. 


QUARTZ  SCREENS 


specialty.  Round,  slot 
or  burred  slot  holes.  Gen- 
uine Russia  Iron,  Homo- 
geneous Steel,  Cast  Steel  or 
American  planished  Iron, 
Zinc,  Copper  or  Brass  Screens  for  all  purposes.  Cali- 
fornia Perforating  Screen  Co.,  145  &  147  Beale  St.,  S.  F. 


COAL  MINES  OF  THE  WESTERN  COAST. 

A  few  copies  of  this  work,  the  only  one  ever  published 
treating  of  Pacific  Coast  Coal  Mining,  have  been  ob- 
tained, and  are  for  sale  at  this  office  for  $2.50  per  copy. 
It  was  written  by  W.  A.  Goodyear.  Mining  and  Civil 
Engineer,  formerly  of  the  California  State  Geologioa! 
Survey, 


N.  W.  SPAULDING 

Maniifaoturera  of 
SPAULDING' S 


Inserted  Tootli 


CHISEL    BIT 


Saws. 


SAW  MILLS   AND   MACHINERY 

Of  all  kinds  made  to  order.    Send  for  Descriptive  Cata 
lo^e.    11  and  IV  Fremont  St..  San  Franolioa 


Irop  apd  ^acliipe  hM. 


UNION    IRON   WORKS, 

SAOBAMBNTO,  OAL. 

ROOT,    NEILSON    &    OO.. 

MAMUFAOTUBBRB  OF 

Steam     Engines,    Boilers, 

AKD  ALL  EINDS  OF 

MACHINERY  FOR  MINING  PURPOSES. 

Flouring  llills,  Saw  Mills  and  Quartz  Mills  HachiDsry 

oODStructed,  fitted  up  and  repaired. 
Front  St.,  bet.  N  &  o  sts.,         Sacramento,  Oal, 


CALIFORNIA    MACHINE   WORKS, 

WM.  H.  BIRCH  &  CO., 

£NGIX£ERS    AND     MACHINISTS. 


No.  119  Beale  St.. 


San  Francisco. 


BUILDBRS  OF 

Steam  Engines,  Saw  Mills,  Mining  Machinery,  Dredging 
Machines,  Rock  Crushers,  Cable  Railway  Machinery, 
ElUthorp  Air  Brake  Co.'s  Patent  Steam  and  Hydraulic 
Elevators,  Air  Cushions  and  Air  Brakes.  POSITIVE 
SAFETIES.  Improved  Ram  Elevators,  Sidewalk  and 
Hand  Hoists.  B.  E,  Henrickson's  Patent  Automatio 
Safety  Catches. 

m aclilneB  of  all  klndg  Made  and  Repaired. 
Orders  Solicited. 


Golden  State  &  Miners  Iron  Works. 

Uacoftbcttsre  Iron  Castings  and  Machinery 
of  all  Kinds  at  Greatly  Bednced  Bates. 

STEVENSON'S  PATENT 

Mold-Board  AMAT.QAMATOBS. 
Golden  State  Pressure  Blowers. 

First  St.,  between  Howard  A  Folsom,  8.  F. 


reOHAS  THOMPSON 


TBORNTON  TH0UP80N 


THOMPSON    BROTHERS, 

EUREKA    FOUNDRY, 

29  and  181  Beale  St.,  between  Mission  and  Howard,  S.F 

MISUFAOTDRBRS  OF  CABTINaS  OF  BVSBT  DHSCBIFTIOII. 


Mining    Engineers. 


Bewick,  Moreing  &  Hooper, 

MINING  ENGINEE(«S, 

508  Oallfornla  Street,  San  Francisco,  CaL 

Suffolk  House,  Laurence,  Pountney  Hill, 

i  ONrON,  J5.  c. 

Leake's  Buildings,  Johannesburg, 

HOUTU   ikI-RICA. 

Report  on  mines  and  undertake  management  of  mining 
proi  erties. 


W.  A.  GOODYEAR, 

Oivil   and   Mining   Engineer, 

MINING  EXPERT  aud  GEOLOGIST. 
Address  **  Business  Box  A,"  office  ot  this  paper,  San  ' 
Francisco. 


ROSS   B.  BROWNE, 

Mining  and  Hydraulic  Engineer, 

No.  807.  Sanbohb  St.,  San  Frakoibco. 


Tioga  District   Mining  Company, 

Incorporated  June  11, 1889.    Capital  Stock,  $10,000,000. 
BUT  AND  SELL 

California  Gold,  Silver, Quicksilver,  Copper 
and  Lead  Mines 

OF    ASCERTAINED    VALUE. 

Office,  No.  13  PARROTT'S  BUILDING,  N.  W. 

Corner  ol  California  and  Montgomery  Streets, 

SiN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 

WM.  B.  WIGHIMAN,  Pres.      WM.  H.  V.  CRONISE,  Sec. 


TUBBS  CORDAGE  CO. 

(A  Corporation.) 

Constantly  on  hand  a  full  assortment  of  Manila  RopOt 
Duplex  Rope,  Tarred  Manila  Rope.Hay  Rope,  Whale  Line, 
etc.,  etc. 

Extra  sizes  and  lengtiis  made  to  order  on  short  notice. 

611  &  613  I^ont  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


Mat  10,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


327 


WM.  H.  TAYLOR,  President. 


R.  S.  MOORE,  Superintendent. 


Risdon  Iron  and  Locomotive  Works, 

S.  E.  CORNER  HOWARD  ANO  BEALE  STS..  SAN  FRANCISCO. 


MANOFACTURBRS    OP    ALL    KINDS    OP 


Mining   and    Milling    Machinery,  Engines    and    Boilers, 

SHEET-IRON  WATER  PIPE  for  Mining  and  Irrigation  Purposes 

Exclusive  Agents  for  the  Pacific  Coaft  of  HEINE  PATENT  SAFETY  BOILER  and  MACBETH  STEEL  PULLEY. 


AGENTS  FOR  THE  PACIPIO  COAST  OF 


BRY^N'B    ROLLER,   QUA.RTZ    MilLL. 


NEW 


COMMON    SENSE    STEEL 

All  Complete  for  SI 50. 


WHIM. 


No  cog-wheela  or  clutches  to  break.  Ninety  per  cent  of  this  Whim  is  wrought  iron  and  ateel,  and  will  spring  or  bend  before  breaking,  and  besides 
can  be  repaired  at  any  blacksmith  shop,  should  breakage  occur,  thus  obviating  the  necessity  of  sending  away  hundreds  of  miles  sometiiues,  and  waiting 
a  week  for  repairs.     The  Brake  sets  itself  when  the  horse  stops  or  anything  gives  way. 

It  can  be  packed  anywhere  a  jack  can  go,  the  heaviest  piece  weighing  but  100  pounds;  total 
weight,  650  pounds.  The  sweep  can  be  thrown  out  or  in  gear  at  any  time,  and  the  bucket  hoisted 
dumped  or  lowered  while  the  horse  is  in  motion.  It  is  just  as  safe  and  reliable  as  an  engine,  and 
can  be  handled  as  readily,  and  is  just  the  thing  to  open  up  a  mine  and  make  it  pay.  Spending 
thousands  of  dollars  in  fine  machinery  and  shaft  houses  has  "busted"  many  a  company.  Buy  a 
COMMON  SENSE  WHIM,  and  when  you  have  got  more  ore  than  our  Whim  will  boiat,  then  it  is 
time  to  buy  an  engine,  not  before.  It  will  save  you  thousands  of  dollars  if  your  mine  should  not 
pay.  Being  all  iron  except  the  sweep,  it  will  not  rot,  warp,  twist,  or  get  out  of  true.  Being 
wrought  iron,  it  will  not  break  in  transportation.  We  also  mike  Two,  Four  and  Eight  Horse 
Power  Whims,  Derrick  Whims,  and  Building  Hoists,  Ore  Buckets,  and  everything  pertaining  to 
Horse  Power  Hoisting.  State  for  what  purpose,  and  at  what  place  you  want  to  use  it. 
t^  Come  and  see  one  at  our  works  in  operation,  or  send  for  circular. 


;  ^^Ni'^'^^'''''tf''''^^^^P^ 


tf^ 


Soi:3.siiT3lo  '^     Horso     I^o^wor    Holsstixig:     T^Tliixxis. 


- — ~\rr^T\      These  Hoisting  Whims  are  built  en- 

iM,  MiiiMiiii  ''^     ilff  tirely  of  Irou  and  Steel,  mounted  on  a 

heavy  base  plate,  and,  consequently, 
are  very  duraLile  and  cannot  be  a:»ected 
by  extremeK  of  either  cold  or  heat  or 
ciimatic  influences. 
The  hoisting  drum  is  cf^mpletely  under  the  control  of  the  person  in 
charge  of  the  hoistiug  or  lowering  tbrough  the  shaft  of  the  mine. 

As  the  drum  is  entirely  independent  from  the  driving  gears,  the  opera- 
tions of  hoisting,  dumping  bucket  and  lowering  can  be  performed  with  the 
horse  in  i  onstant  motion,  a  feature  not  possessed  by  any  other  horse  hoist  in 
themnrket  and  one  that  greatly  increases  their  capacity  by  avoiding  the 
loss  of  time  due  to  stopping  and  starting  the  horse. 

They  are  very  light  and  compact,  and  can  be  packed  for  transportation 
by  mules.  Their  cost  of  erection  is  very  slight;  two  men,  in  half  a  day, 
beine  able  to  put  one  in  place,  ready  for  work. 

With  each  Whim,  working  drawings  are  furnished,  showing  in  detail  the 
proper  construction  of  Gallows  Frame  and  foundation  for  Hoisting  Whim. 
We  carry  in  stock  the  following  sizes: 

No.  1.— Capacity  with  On«  Morse  and  Single  Line,  800  pounds,  75 

Feet  per  Minute. 
No.  2.— Capacity  with  One  Horse   and   Single  I^ine*  500   pounds, 
1^5  Feet  per  Minute. 
Weieht   of   machine,    1200   pounds.    Total  shipping  weight,  including 
Sweep,  Levers  and  Sheaves,  1400  pounds. 


ROCK    AND    ORE    CARS. 


li^j:  A-03EXI]NrEi     ^WORIS.{S, 


FREMONT    STRii'ET,    SAN    PRANCISCO,    GAL. 


NOTICE  TO  GOLD  MINERS! 

I 

QUARTZ,  GRAVEL,  OR  PLACER  MINES.  MADE  OF  BEST  SOFT  LAKE      DPERIOB  COPPER 

Oar  plates  are  guaranteed,  and  by  actual  experience  are  proved,  the  beeo  in  weight  of  Sil- 
ver and  durability.  Old  Mining  Platee  Eeplated,  Bjught,  or  Gold  Separated.  THOUSANDS 
OF    ORDERS    FILLED. 

SAN    FRANCISCO    NOVELTY,  GOLD,  SILVER    AND    NICKEL    PLATING  WORKS, 
108  and  112  First  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

IC3-  SEND  FOR  CIRCULARS.  


JUSTINIAN  CAIRE.  Agent. 

521  &  523  Market  St.,  San  Francisco, 


— DBALBR    IM — 


Assayers'  and  Mining  Material. 


-MANUFACTURBR    OF— 


BATTERY  SCREENS  AND  WIRE  CLOTH 

Agent  lor  HOSKINS' 
HYDRO-CARBON    ASSAY   FURNACES 


^  IMPORTANT  TO  GOLD  MINERS! 

SILVER-PLATED  AMALGAM  PLATES  for  SAVING  GOLD 

IN    QUARTZ,    GRAVEL    AND    PLACER    MINING. 
PRICES  GREATLY  REDUCED. 

Only  Refined  SUver  and  Best  Copper  used.    Over  3000  Orders  fiUed.    Fifteen   Medals  Awarded.    Old  Mining  Plates  can   be 

Replated,    Old  Plates  Bought,  or  Gold  Separated, 

These  Plates  can  also  be  purchaaeil  o!  JOHN  TAKLOR  &,  CO.,  Corner  First  and  Mission  Sta 

San  Francisco  Gold,  Silver  and  Nicl<el  Plating  Worl<s,  653  &  655  Mission  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  E.  G.  Denniston,  Prop  r. 

Our  Platea  have  been  used  for  20  years.    They  have  proved  the  beat.    We  adhere  strictly  to  contract  In  weight  of  Sliver  and 
Copper.      SEND  FJB  OIBOULAR. 


328 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Mat  10,  1890 


PROVED    BELT    FRUE   ORE  CONCENTRATOR. 


The  Best  Ore  Concentrator  in  the  market,  having  double 
the  Capacity  and  doing  its  work  as  close  as  the  plain  Bait 
machlae,  while  its  concentrationa  are  clean.  It  is  Qsed  in 
a  number  of  Mills,  the  most  notable  of  which  ia  the 
Alaska  M.  &  M.  Go's  Mill,  where  24  Improved  Belt  Frues 
are  taking  the  Pulp  from  120  Stamps,  crushing  350  tons 
per  day.  and  is  giving  entire  satisfaction  as  against  48 
plain  Belt  Machines,  taking  the  Pulp  from  the  other  120 
Stamps. 

♦ 

Price  of  Improved  Belt  Frue  Vanner,  $900,  f.  o.  b. 
Price  of  Plain  Belt  Frue  Vanner,  $575,  f.  o.  b. 


For  Pampble  ts,  TestimonialB  and  farther  information 
apply  at  office, 

ADAMS  &  CARTER,  Agents  FRUE 


Protected  by  Patents  December  22, 1874;  September  2 
1879;  April  27,  1880;  March  22,  1881;  February  20,  1883; 
September  18,  1883;  July  24,  1888.     Patents  applied  for. 


There  are  Over  2200  Plain  Belt  Machines  now 
'•^s^  in  Use. 

Thb  Montana  Compamt  (Limited),  London,  October  8, 1S85. 
Dear  Sirs  : — Having  tested  three  of  your  Frue  Vanners  in  a  com- 
petitive trial  witii  other  similar  machines  (Triumph),  we  have  satiafled 
ourselves  of  the  superiority  of  your  Vannera,  as  is  evidenced  by  the 
fact  of  our  havinjr  ordered  20  more  of  your  macbinen  for  immediate 
delivery.    Yours  truly,         THE  MONTANA  COMPANY  (Limited). 

N.  B. — Since  the  above  was  written  the  20  Vanners,  having  been 
started,  gave  such  satisfaction  that  44  additional  Frues  and  more 
stamps  have  been  purchased.  ADAMS    &    CARTER. 


VAN^  Ca^S(„^Q>^INE  CO.,  Room  15,  No.  132  Market  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


PARKE    &    LACY  COMPANY 


■IMPOBTBRS    AND    MANUFACTURBRS    OF- 


MINING,    MILL    and    GENERAL     MACHINERY. 


ENGINES,  BOILERS,  STEAM  PUMPS, 

AIR  COMPRESSORS,  ROOK  DRILLS, 
WALL'S  CRUSHING  ROLLS, 

CONCENTRATORS,  PULVERIZERS, 
TURBINE  WATER  WHEELS, 

ROCK  BREAKERS,  DRY  JIGS. 

Bullock's  Diamond  Drills 


GOLDEN  GATE  CONCENTRATORS, 

GREATEST  CAPACITY  OF  ANY  CONCENTRATOR  MADE, 
One  Machine  Taking  Pulp  from  10  Stamps. 


SAW    MILLS,    MACHINE    TOOLS, 
PLANING  MILLS,  INJECTORS  and  EJECTORS 
BELTING,  PACKING,  OILS,  LUBRICATORS, 
FIRE    EXTINGUISHERS, 
CENTRIFUGAL  PUMPS 
ROTARY  PUMPS,  GANG  EDGERS, 
CAMPBELL'S    STEAM    FEEDS, 
MILL    and    MINE    SUPPLIES. 


Gr'xsTa"xsn..A.ij    .,A.o:Eii^a7s    x^ozi 


WESTINGHOUSE    AUTOMATIC     ENGINES. 


COiVlPOU.NlJ,    5316  HOBSE  POWER. 


SALES    DURING    LAST    FOUR    MONTHS: 

STANDARD  99  engines,  TTTMTr^T?  lee  engines, 

oxjxnuj^riiU,  4500  horse  power.  JUiNHJrt,  4260  horse  power. 

Oimxica.   'Tota,!,    309    DEIxxslaies,    .A-ss^eSAtlxxs   13.97S  ZZox-se    f>o-vcrex-. 


21  and  23  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


189  Clarence  St.,  Sydney,  N.  S.  W. 


CALIFORNIA    WIRE    WORKS 


MANUPACTUEERS  OF 

Steel  Wire  Rope, 

OP  ALL  KINDS  FOK 

CABLE  RAILWAYS, 

ROPEWAYS  and  TRAMWAYS. 
Mining,  Shipping  &  General  Purposes. 


lEJEtT-A-TtT  tXSUIBP    XOSS.       XKTCiOfLX'OXl.A.rE'XIXS    X8S2. 


WIRE, 

BARBED  WIRE, 
WIRE  NAILS, 

WIRE  OLOTH. 

Pull  Aesortment  Always  In  Stock. 


OFFICE; 

9  Fremont  Street,  San  Francisco. 

Send  for  Illustrated  Catalogue. 


hallidie's 
Patent  VV"*e  Ropeway, 


For  the  Economical  and  Rapid 

Transportation   of  lOre 

and  other  material. 


Erected  by  Us  During  the  Past  Fourteen  Tears  in  Spans  o 

200  TO  2.000  FEET. 


Simple,  Economical  and  Durable. 


transportation  of  ore  by  hai,i.ii>ie's  patent  wire  ropeway. 


HAVE   BEEN  THOROUGHLY  TESTED 
In  all  Parts  of  tlie  Country. 


Daj's  ImproYed  Quartz  Stamp  Mill. 

This  Mill  is  designed  for  tlie  Prospector,  the  Assayer  and 
Sampler  of  Gold  and  Silver-bearing  rock.  It  is  a  perfect  mill, 
built  entirely  of  metals,  and  of  the  best  mechanical  construc- 
tion; "will  amalgamate  perfectly  in  the  battery  or  on  plates. 
It  strikes  a  sharp,  heavy  blow  with  a  lightstamp.  Shipping 
weight,  225  lbs.    Price  3?75.    Address 

ATI,A8    IROIV    WORKS.  Cor.  Pi  apa   and  I.ODisiana 
Streets,  Potrero,  SAN   FKANCIlSCO,  CAL.. 

N.  B.— Chappabell.  Butte  Co.,  Cal.,  Not.  10, 1SS9.— Mr.  Jas. 
Day,  Chico:  The  little  mill  is  a  daisy:  it  comes  up  to  all  ex- 
pectations; it  works  perfect  in  all  respects.    Yours  truly, 

WA-Lkee,  Reese  &  Co.    ■ 


Manufactured  from  strictly  firat-clasa  'E'lftX  and  pure  lubricante.  Superior  to  .all  others  for  water  and  steam.  Pack 
with  less  friction  and  irakea  a  tighter  joint  than  any  other  packing  made.  |^  Imitations  of  inf-'rior  quality  hav- 
ing  been  put  upon  the  market,  we  have  been  compelled  to  adopt  the  above  trade-mark,  and  all  of  our  packing  wil( 
now  have  a  RED  CORD  running  through  the  center  its  entire  length.  Sep  that  you  get  it  and  take  no  other.  Sold 
by  all  Hardware  dealers.  Price,  50  cents  per  pound.  W,  T.  Y.  SCB£NCK  Sole  Manufacturer,  232  and 
224  Market  Street,  San  Francisco,  Gal. 


VOL.     LX.-  Number  20. 

DEWEY    &.   CO.,    PUBIISMERS. 


SAN    FRANCISCO,    SATURDAY,  MAY   17,    1890. 


Three  Dollars  per  Annum 

SlDgle  Copies,  10  Cta. 


A    Wet-Crushing    Silver    Mill. 

F  ee  mtlliDe  ores,  those  that  admit  of  dlreot  amalgamatioD 
wit  boat  preliirioftry  roastinj;,  can  be  treated  the  moet 
tcoDomtcally.  These  ores,  after  paiBing  throuf^h  grizzly, 
rock-breaker  aod  ore^feeders,  are  orasbed  in  the  battery^  the 
palp  passiog  from  these  to  BettUng^taDkB,  or  if  the  Boss  (Jon- 
tmuoae  Prooess  Is  used,  directly  to  the  pans. 

When  the  crushed  ore  and  water,  or  pulp.  Is  discharged 
from  batteries  lato  settling  tanks,  It  is  allowed  to  rernun 
Btaodiog  until  the  ore  has  settled  to  the  bottom.  The  wa- 
ter is  then  pumped  off  into  tanks  provided  for  the  purpose 
and  used  again  in  the  mortars. 

The  crashed  ore  remaining  in  the  tanks  is  shoveled  out 
and  into  the  pans  in  regular  charges  of  from  one  to  two 
tons,  according  to  their  capacity.  Water  is  then  added  nn- 
til  the  palp  is  of  the  proper  consistency,  and  which  is  then 
thoroughly  stirred  and  ground  between  the  eboea  and  dies  In 
the  pane.  Salt,  blueatone  and  other  obemtoals,  such  as  may 
be  required  for  the  proper  treatment  of  the  ore,  are  added; 
and,  after  the  pulp  Is  suffioiently  ground,  the  muUer  is  raised 
so  that  the  shoes  and  dies  no  longer  grind,  and  the  quick* 
silver  is  introduced  in  sufficient  quantity.  By  the  action  of 
the  currents  formed  in  the  pan,  the  quicksilver  Is  diesemin- 
att  d  in  small  particles  throoghoat  the  pulp,  thus  coming  in 
oontaot  with  the  precious  metals  and  forming  amalgam.  The 
ore  is  treated  in  the  pans  from  one  to  eight  hours,  according 
to  its  character.  From  the  pans  the  palp  with  the  amalgam 
and  anused  quicksilver  is  discharged  into  the  settlers  placed 
immediately  below  the  pans,  one  settler,  as  a  rule,  taking 
the  pulp  from  two  pans. 

Here  more  water  is  added  for  the  purpose  of  thinning  the 
pulp  and  allowing  the  quicksilver  and  amalgam  to  settle  to 
the  bottom,  while  the  lighter  pulp  is  kept  in  aaspension  by 
slowly  revolving  stirrers.  This  is  now  drawn  off  through  dis- 
charge spouts  in  the  sides  of  settlers  and  allowed  to  ran 
to  waste.  The  quicksilver  and  amalgam  that  have  collected 
in  the  bottom  of  settler  are  drawn  off  and  strained  so  as  to 
separate  the  supeifluous  quicksilver  from  theamaU 
gam.  The  amalgam  remaining  in  the  strainer  Is 
then  placed  in  retorts;  the  quicksilver  being  va- 
porizsd  by  the  heat,  leaves  behind  the  gold  and 
silver,  which  are  then  taken  out  in  retorts,  melted 
and  run  into  ingot  molds. 

The  engravings  show  a  standard   type  of  a  wet- 
orusbing  silver-mill  of  this  class,  as  made  by   the 
Fulton   Iron  Works  of    this  city.     A  sluice  will 
be  seen  leading  from  batteries  to  settling-tanks 
in  front  of  and  below  them.    The 
pans  immediately  below  the  tanks 
are  now  charged  by  settled  palp 
cat  of  the  tanks,  and  after  grind- 
ing and  amalgamating   are  com- 
pleted are  discharged  into  settlers. 


The  Molders'  Strike. 

Several  more  molders  from  the  E  tst  arrived 
this  week  and  were  at  once  put  at  work  in  the 
foundries  without    molestation.     Still    others 


are  expected  shortly.  The  Union 
Iron  Works  now  has  Its  full  quota  of 
molders,  though  some  of  the  other 
foundries  are  still  short-handed.  This 
is  the  eleventh  week  of  the  strike  and 


WBT-ORUSHING    SILVER    MILL. 


both  sides  continue  confident  of  winning  in  the  end.     dtill  it 
is  apparent  that  the  foundrymen  have  rather  the  best  of  it, 
since  the  shops  are  all  running  and  men  have  been  obtained 
from  the  East.    When  the  strikers  get  any  of  the  imported 
men  to  leave,  others  are  brought  to  fill  their  places. 
Some  Japanese  molders   applied  for  work  at  one  of  the 
big  foundries  this  week,  but,  al- 
though they  were  found  to  under- 
stand  their   business,    they   were 
not  given  employment.   The  foun- 
drymen  say    they  can   get  all  the 
men  they  want  from  the  East,  and 
that   they   will   be    able  to    keep 
their  shops  running    steadily  in 
the  future. 


Concentration  Works  Pdb- 
CHASED. — Allen  0.  Mason  of  Ta- 
ooma  has  purchased  for  the  Parke 
&  Lacy  Machinery  Company  of 
Portland,  Or.,  the  concentrating 
works  in  the  Salmon  River  min- 
ing district  in  Eastern  Washing- 
ton, on  whioh  over  $40,000  has 
been  spent.  He  also  purchased 
with  it  between  15  and  20  silver 
mines  in  the  Conconnully  district, 
and,  with  the  Lone  Star  mine, 
which  he  previously  owned,  now 
has  the  most  and  the  best  mining 
properties  In  Washington. 


PLAN    OP    TWENTY-STAMP    WET-CRUSHING    SILVER    MILL,    TANK    SYSTEM. 


Barker  District,  Montana. — 
Supt.  Emrick  of  the  Montana 
smelter  at  Great  Falls  has  re- 
turned to  Helena  from  his  tour  of 
inspection  of  the  Barker  district. 
He  says  there  is  an  abundance  of 
lead  ore  there  and  that  the 
smelter  will  begin  operations  on 
Jnne  Ist.  The  finding  of  the 
large  bodies  of  lead  ore  will  en- 
able the  smelters  of  Montana  to 
resume  operations.  The  discovery 
in  the  May  and  Edna  mine  is 
equal  to  first  reports. 


330 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[May  17,  1890 


COF^F^ESPOJMDEJ^JCE. 


We  admit,  unindorsed,  opinions  of  correspondenta. — fios. 


Mines  and  Mills  of  Shasta  County. 

NUMBSK  II. 

[From  our  Traveling  Correspondent.] 
Three  miles  above  Kadding  is  Middle  Greek, 
a  R.  R.  depot  for  the  apper  Trinity  county 
travel.  There  are  here,  also,  poatoffioe  and  tele- 
graph facilities,  a  hotel  and  a  fine  well  of  water 
to  refresh  man  and  beast.  Within  a  short 
walk  from  the  hotel  is  the  once,  celebrated 
tellurium  mine  of  Shearer  &  Ratler.  From  this 
mine  was  taken  some  of  the  finest  Bpecimens  of 
tellarlde  of  gold  that  have  been  found  in  the 
State;  a  large  lot  of  this  ore  was  sent  to  Colo- 
rado, where  it  is  said,  it  was  treated  sucoeaa' 
fully,  but  the  expense  attending  the  shipments 
gave  too  little  profit-  There  have  been  several 
attempts  to  work  the  ore  on  the  spot  but  with- 
out sucoess.  The  value  of  this  property  is  an 
unsettled  question,  from  the  fact  that  there  is 
not  ovdr  60  feet  of  depth  to  the  mine.  Of  late 
it  has  changed  hands,  and  is  now  owned  by  a 
oompany  who  are  running  a  tunnel  for  striking 
the  lode  at  the  depth  of  about  130  feet.  The 
vein  is  in  what  may  be  called  a  trappish  slate. 
The  rock,  as  vein  matter,  is  heavily  sulphur* 
etted,  and  you  see  at  a  glance  that  for  treat- 
ment, it  wants  to  be  in  skillful  hands. 

About  a  mile  above  Middle  Creek,  on  the 
road  to  Shasta,  is  the  Gem  mine  and  mill. 
This  mine  has  a  development  of  about  100  feet, 
and  has  prddaoed  considerable  gold,  exactly 
how  mach  I  will  not  undertake  to  state.  The 
rook,  however,  is  good  for  pay,  and  the  mine  has 
a  better  future  on  development.  The  lode  va- 
ries in  size,  from  a  small  seam  to  four  and  five 
feet;  all  the  rock  is  milled.  There  is  here  a 
fine  10  stamp  mill  now  run  by  water-power, 
but  at  the  time  of  my  visit  they  expected  to 
close  down  for  want  of  water.  They  also  have 
ateam-power.  The  amalgamating  applianoes  to 
mill  are  copper  plates  and  blankets — a  long 
string  of  blanket  sluices,  which  are  at  stated 
times  swept  down.  The  property,  I  was  in- 
formed, belongs  to  Miller,  Bevins  &  Simonl. 
Not  far  from  this  mine,  on  Salt  creek,  is  the 
Pugh  &  Co.  mill;  this  is  a  Kendall  rooker-mill. 
This  is  also  run  by  water-power,  they  naving  a 
Knight  401noh  wheel  (the  wheel  at  the  Gam  ie 
a  Pelton).  Thjm  mill  having  been  but  recently 
put  up,  they  are  hardly  in  shape  for  big  work, 
bat  what  they  will  do,  or  rather  have  done,  has 
been  very  satisfactory;  they  are  working  small 
lots  of  ore  from  anrroundiug  mines.  From  the 
arrangements,  considering  faoilitiea  at  hand, 
Mr.  Pagh  gives  evidence  of  having  had  experi- 
ence in  gold  extraction, 

Bdtween  here  and  Shasta  town,  which  is  less 
than  three  miles  distant,  there  are  any  number' 
of  what  I  will  call  prospects,  but  they  call 
them  mines  here.  The  whole  country  is  ribbed 
with  veins  of  quartz,  but  how  valuable  they 
are,  no  one  knows,  as  there  is  no  development 
to  determine.  There  are  a  few,  I  should  say, 
who  are  doing  some  development.  A  Sin 
Francisco  company  known  as  the  Mountain 
View  is  driving  a  tunnel  which  will  give  some 
200  feet  on  their  lode.  This  oompany  has  a 
good  property,  taking  a  surface  view  of  it,  and 
they  are  at  work  in  a  way  that  means  mining 
in  the  right  direction,  and  which  I  hope  will  be 
profitable  as  a  reward  fnr  labor  and  money. 


Rnby,  WasMngton. 

Editors  Press:— There  is  very  little  to  com- 
municate from  this  part  of  the  country.  The 
principal  mines  were  stopped  last  Ddoember, 
1SS9,  since  which  time  little  has  bsen  done,  ow- 
ing to  the  large  amount  of  enow  and  bad  con* 
dition  of  roads  for  teaming.  The  company  are 
in  readiness  to  operate,  and  are  anxiously  wait- 
ing for  the  snow  to  disappear.  The  Arlington 
mill  will  be  completed  this  season,  and  will  be 
a  gigantio  plant  with  a  capacity  of  SO  tons 
daily.  The  Fourth  of  July  mine,  owned  and 
operated  by  a  Montana  company,  are  working 
about  12  men.  Their  intention  is  to  put  on 
hoisting  machinery  and  sink  a  two  compart- 
ment shaft  this  summer.  They  have  a  splendid 
prospect,  and  without  a  doubt  the  making  of  a 
good  mine.  There  has  been  a  heavy  loss  of 
stock  all  over  this  portion  of  ♦■fapi  conn*:rv — at 
least  75  per  oAnf.  j    B    Tonkin. 


Freaks  of  the  Ijiuklb  GoDUi!.as  in  Min- 
ING — Recently  Messrs.  Ayer  &  Co.  have  strnok 
the  blue  gravel  channel  on  Mooney  Flat  in  N^)- 
vada  county  and  found  it  to  pay  from  $20  to  $50 
a  ton.  They  sunk  a  shaft  but  62  feet  before 
coming  upon  the  gravel,  and  have  since  sunk 
10  feet,  with  no  sign  of  bottom.  Some  years 
ago,  a  company  of  men  in  search  of  this  same 
golden  channel  ran  a  tunnel  of  great  length 
through  very  hard  rock,  at  a  coat  of  $250,000, 
bat  in  snoh  a  way  as  to  almost  strike  it  without 
touching  upon  it.  They  gave  up  in  disgust, 
and  now,  after  years  have  passed,  oome  men 
who,  after  a  few  days'  work,  pop  down  into  the 
ancient  treasure-house  amid  the  golden  nuggeta. 
Thus  is  added  another  to  the  thousand  in- 
stances of  the  fickleness  of  the  goddQ§^  of  min- 
ing fQrtaoe  in  diBpensing  her  fayora, 


The    Deep  Gold  Placers  of  California. 

NUMBER    VII, 

Written  for  the  Press  and  Copyrighted  1S90,  hy  Hbnry 
a  Hanks,  F.  G.  S.  A.,  F.  G.  S.] 

Bedrocks  and  Lavas. 

The  word  **  bedrock"  was  coined  by  the  min- 
ers of  California  and  applied  to  the  rook  on 
which  the  auriferous  gravels  lie  as  on  a  bed. 
There  is  nothing  in  the  term  that  would  indi- 
cate the  nature,  lithological  or  otherwise,  of 
the  rocks  themselves.  They  are  very  interest- 
ing and  well  worthy  of  oarefnl  stndy  by  the 
miner  and  geologist,  for  they  are  but  little 
known. 

The  bedrocks  di£fer  with  geological  position, 
but  there  is  a  remarkable  similarity  in  those  on 
which  the  deep  placers  lie.  They  are  argilla- 
ceous schists  alternating  with  slates  and  horn- 
blende schists,  and  are  sedimentary  without 
reasonable  doubt.  They  were  deposited  in  the 
bed  of  an  ocean  where  they  lay  until  elevaf^ed 
by  the  upheaval  which  produced  the  Sierra  Ne- 
vada, and  being  fissured  and  slaty,  very  many 
quartz  veins  were  subsequently  formed,  from 
which  gold  is  seldom  absent. 

The  bedrocks  in  some  hydraulic  mines  do  not 
generally  differ  from  those  of  the  drift  mines. 
At  the  Polar  Star  hydraulio  mine  in  Placer 
county,  it  is  seemingly  sedimentary  and  highly 
metamorphio,  having  evidently  been  fine  eilt, 
and  still  shows  obscure  traces  of  stratification. 
At  Chalk  Bln£f,  also  in  Placer  county,  it  is 
generally  slate  with  upturned  edges,  the  slaty 
cleavage  being  nearly  vertical. 

The  Manzanlta  mine  in  the  same  county  is  an 
exception,  the  bedrock  here  being  a  decomposing 
granite;  when  first  exposed  in  piping  it  was 
quite  hard,  but  is  now  assuming  the  character 
of  coarse  granite  sand.  At  the  Milton  hy- 
draulic mine,  slate  ia  the  prevailing  bedrock, 
which  is  the  case  also  at  Sweetland  Greek, 
where  copper  shales  occur. 

At  Chalk  Blufif  there  is  a  peculiarity  seen 
which  is  somewhat  noticeable  elsewhere.  The 
formation  nncovered  by  washing  is  crumbling, 
or  *' slacking,"  as  it  is  expressed  by  the 
miners — that  is  to  say,  the  bedrocks  and  some 
of  the  bowlders,  which  when  first  exposed  were 
strongly  coherent,  have  now  fallen  to  powder 
or  are  so  soft  that  they  can  be  easily  crushed 
by  the  hand. 

At  Gold  Ran  in  Placer  county  the  bedrock 
ia  slaty,  and  in  some  parts  shows  a  brecciated 
structure  as  If  it  had  been  plastic  at  some  time 
like  the  serpentines.  In  the  bedrock  there  are 
a  multitude  of  vary  small  quartz  veins,  and  a 
conspicuous  iocrustation  of  alum  forms  on  the 
rooky  sides  of  tunnels  and  open  cuts. 

There  is  a  great  simila*-ity  between  the  soft 
auriferous  matter  in  the  Edman  mine,  Plumas 
county,  and  the  bedrock  in  the  tunnels  at  Saw- 
pit.  The  Eiman  seems  to  be  a  tilted  glacial 
deposit  through  whioh  fine  gold  is  very  evenly 
distributed. 

There  are  a  number  of  abandoned  hydraulic 
mines  near  Liporte  and  Gibsonville,  Plumas 
county,  in  which  the  bedrock  ie  exposed  and 
may  be  vpry  conveniently  studied. 

At  the  Dutch  hydranlio  mine  near  Laporte, 
the  bedrock  ia  sedimentary  and  in  the  nature 
of  a  horse.  It  is  called  by  the  miners  a  false 
bedrock. 

Sometimes  a  portion  of  the  loose  gravel  in  a 
hydraulic  mine  at  some  distance  above  the  true 
bedrock  becomes  cemented,  a  condition  whioh 
may  for  a  time  deoeive  the  miners.  An  ex- 
ample of  this  nature  may  be  observed  at  the 
Malakoff  mine  in  Nevada  county,  which  was 
supposed  to  be  the  true  bedrock  until  by  acci* 
dent  it  was  discovered  that  gravel  lay  beneath; 
the  conglomerate  being  blasted  away,  the  lower 
gravel  was  piped  out.  On  the  false  as  well  as 
on  the  true  bedrock,  gold  was  collected. 

In  primitive  times  a  large  erratic  bowlder 
lying  imbedded  near  the  surface  sometimes  be- 
came to  the  local  prospector  a  bedrock  to 
whioh  he  sank  his  shallow  shaft,  and  having 
drifted  a  short  distance  without  finding  the 
expected  gold,  departed  without  knowing  the 
limited  area  which  to  him  was  a  bedrock  in  the 
true  miner's  sense.  In  hydraulic  mining  on  a 
large  scale  in  modern  times,  many  instances  of 
this  nature  have  been  revealed. 

The  channel  at  Laporte,  from  which  millions 
of  dollars  worth  of  gold  has  been  taken,  is 
wholly  exposed  and  is  an  interesting  study. 
It  was  at  this  locality  that  certain  features 
were  observed  that  confirmed  my  prenent  opin- 
ion. The  bedrock  here  is  probably  sedimentary 
and  metamorphio,  some  of  the  slaty  rooks  are 
blue  in  color,  being  evidently  indurated  mud 
or  silt,  a  large  portion  is  highly  ferruginous 
and  strangely  resembles  the  so-called  "brick- 
bat "  of  the  Georgia  gold  miners,  described  in 
dfitail  in  the  Fifth  Annual  Raport  of  the  State 
Mineralogist  of  California,  fol.  141.  The  low- 
est depression  of  the  channel,  which  is  too  ir- 
regular to  be  the  bed  of  a  river,  is  75  feet  be- 
low the  plateau  on  which  the  town  stands. 

Examination  of  Bedrocks. 
No.  1 — Argillaceous  shale  from  the  Edman 
mine,  Plumas  county.  Color,  gray;  when  held 
In  certain  lights  has  a  semi-metallic  luster, 
sUty  cleavage;  nearly  at  right  angles  with  strat- 
ification; specific  gravity,  1.552;  hardness,  5; 
contains  silica,  80.8;  alumina,  6.2;  oxide  of 
iron,  6.2;  in  a  closed  tube  gives  water;  in- 
fusible; does  not  change  color  with  heat;  emits 
a  strong  argillaceous  odor;  fine  grained,  some* 
what  micaceous,  aemi.vitreoua,  homogeneous, 
almost  exactly  resembling  slates  from  the  bedi 


rook  at  Laporte.  This  ia  the  typical  soft  bed' 
rock  of  the  deep  placers  of  Plumas  and  Sierra 
oonntiep. 

No.  2 — Hornblende  schist,  Laporte.  Color 
nearly  black,  micaceous,  with  glimmering 
luster;  interatratified  with  very  thin  seams  of 
quartz;  specific  gravity,  3  15.S;  streak,  light 
gray;  hardness,  5.5;  under  the  microscope  ahowe 
imbedded  glassy  crystals  seemingly  feldspar; 
t^his  gives  the  rock  the  character  of  a  diorite. 
No  sections  were  made;  contains  silica,  47  1; 
alumina,  10  4;  oxide  of  iron,  large.  This  rock 
doed  not  seem  very  abundant. 

No.  3 — Slaty  rock  breaking  with  rough 
angular  fracture,  appearing  like  a  slaty  serpen- 
tine. It  oooorrt  in  considerable  quantities  in 
thfl  banks  of  Wallis  creek,  Plumas  county. 

No.  4 — Serpentine,  flank  of  Mt.  Fillmore.  It 
does  not  differ  from  the  common  serpentine 
so  abundant  in  many  parts  of  the  State. 

The  nature  of  the  bedrocks  gives  local  char- 
acter to  the  channel  fillings  or  bowlder-clay; 
for  even  In  California,  where  they  are  similar 
and  all  prolific  in  gold,  the  channels  in  each 
locality  differ  among  themselvea. 

From  Gibsonville  to  Nelson  Point  in  Plumas 
county,  the  road  cutting  exposes  the  slaty  bed 
rook  in  many  places,  intersecting  it  at  all 
angles.  A  study  of  the  rocks  along  this  grade 
is  very  interesting,  and  a  very  signifioant  fact 
may  be  observed  which  throws  light  on  the 
origin  of  gold  in  the  placers.  It  may  be  seen 
that  the  slates  are  intersected  by  innumerable 
quartz  veins  from  fractions  of  an  inch  to  many 
feet  in  thickness,  and  they  are  all  more  or  lesR 
auriferons.  The  rooks  here  referred  to  are  all 
below  the  Gibsonville  and  Liporte  channels. 
There  is  no  doubt  in  my  mind  that  these  qnartz 
veins  are  the  source  of  most  of  the  placer  gold 
in  the  deep  placers  under  the  lava,  as  wll  as 
that  whioh  was  taken  out  of  the  bed  of  Nelson 
creek  and  at  Richmond  Hill. 

"  Both  slate  and  shale  are  no  doubt  sedi- 
mentary mud  or  silt,  which  from  great  age  have 
become  indurated  and  in  most  part  were  formed 
at  the  bottom  of  the  sea.  The  fossils  often 
contaip'^d  in  them  are  conclnsive  evidence  of 
this.  Natural  forces  have  bent  and  warped  the 
strata  until  they  have  become  plicated  like  the 
leaves  of  a  book,  or  a  pile  of  writing-paper 
pressed  laterally.  In  slate  quarries,  lines  of 
stratification  of  various  colors  may  be  seen 
marking  the  different  periods  of  deposit;  the 
lines  of  cleavage  lie  generally  in  a  certain  direc- 
tion, whioh  ia  called  the  strike;  the  inclina- 
tion is  the  dip.  These  were  all  laid  in  hori- 
zontal strata.  Slate  is  altered  shale,  which, 
instead  of  cleaving  In  the  plane  of  stratifica- 
tion, now  divides  at  an  angle  with  the  natural 
deposition,  called  cleavage  planes.  The  line  of 
strike  in  the  slate  is  almost  invariably  parallel 
to  the  trend  of  the  mountains  and  the  upheaval 
in  the  surrounding  country,  fi;om  whioh  we 
may  infer  that  some  lateral  pressure  has  bent 
the  strata  and  caused  at  the  same  time  the 
slaty  cleavage. 

**  To  prove  this,  Mr.  Sorby  of  London  made 
some  interesting  and  conclusive  experiments 
bsaring  on  this  sub j act.  He  subjected  a  por- 
tion of  clay  without  cleavage  or  stratification 
to  very  great  pressure.  The  original  mass  con- 
tained scales  of  oxide  of  iron,  which  were  dis- 
tributed throughout  the  clay  without  regular- 
ity. The  olay  was  reduced  by  pressure  to  half 
its  volume.  The  result  of  these  experiments 
was  the  development  of  certain  singular  phe- 
nomena. The  scales  of  iron  oxide  had  arranged 
themselves  in  parallel  Hues,  and  a  slaty  oleav- 
age  was  now  apparent,  the  cleavage  planes  be- 
ing at  right  angles  with  the  pressure  applied. 
Prof.  Tyndall  has  shown  that  pure  white  wax 
can  be  made  to  cleave  into  parallel  scales  under 
sufficient  pressure.  Were  these  experiments 
not  enough  to  prove  that  slate,  unlike  shale, 
has  been  under  great  pressure,  other  facts  might 
be  stated. 

*'In  the  ailurian  slates  of  Europe  the  im- 
bedded foBsila  are  frequently  distorted,  and  the 
elongation  is  always  in  the  direction  of  the 
cleavage  planes,  showing  that  the  movement  of 
particles  which  caused  the  lamination  was  in 
the  line  of  least  resistance,  or  at  right  angles 
with  the  pressure.  When  there  are  no  fossils 
present,  sooall  gravel  and  pebbles  are  found  to 
be  arranged  like  the  iron  scales  in  Mr.  Sorby's 
experiment,  with  the  longest  axle  in  the  direc- 
tion of  the  dip.  When  neither  fossils  nor  large 
particles  are  present,  a  thin  slice  placed  under 
the  microscope  will  show  the  finest  particles 
and  accidental  scales  of  mica  arranged  in  the 
same  manner.  It  may  be  assumed  that  any 
fioR-grained  sedimentary  rock  submitted  to 
Bufficiient  pressure  by  the  force  of  nature,  will 
develop  the  same  slaty  structure."  (2 1  An- 
nual Report  of  State  Mineralogist  of  Oalifornia, 
Saoramento,  1S81  ) 

Lavas. 
Geologists  make  a  distinction  between  erup- 
tive or  volcanic  igneous  lavas  and  the  fissure 
subterranean  or  plutonic  igneoua  lavas.  The 
former  is  known  to  have  been  intensely  hot, 
and  fluid  from  that  cause,  but  no  one  seemn  to 
have  been  bold  enough  to  assume  tb^t  the  Ut- 
ter may  have  been  plastic  and  eemi-flaid  from 
the  presence  of  much  Water;  in  other  words, 
that  they  are  eruptive  mud,  and  were  never 
mnoh  hotter  than  boiling  water.  While  I  am 
not  prepared  to  assert  that  this  was  the  case  in 


gin  still  more  improbable.  In  Europe  and 
Africa  also,  vast  areas  are  known.  But  to  con- 
fine ourselves  to  California,  we  find  that  our 
sheet  lavas  have  peculiarities  worthy  of  the 
careful  attention  and  study  of  gflologietB. 

It  ia  well  known  that  certain  volcanoes  some- 
times eject  great  quantities  of  liquid  mud. 
The  crater  of  *' Agua  "  in  Guatemala  has  never 
been  known  to  ponr  forth  anything  but  mud 
and  water.  In  1S17,  the  volcano  of  Idjen  in 
Java  gave  birth  to  an  eruption  of  water  and 
mud  boiling  hot  and  strongly  acid.  Geikie, 
one  of  the  highest  authorities  on  modern  geo- 
logical science,  admits  that  *■*  mud  lavas  or 
aqueous  lavas  in  many  respects  behave  like  true 
lavas.  This  volcanic  mud  eventually  oonsol- 
Idatea  into  one  of  the  numerous  forms  of  tufa." 
A  flowing  mud  lava,  being  largely  composed  of 
water,  could  in  no  sense  be  igneous.  It  ia  my 
opinion  that  many  rooks  classified  as  plutonio, 
are  of  this  character. 

<  "In  1698  the  volcano  of  Carguarszo,  contig- 
uous to  and  probably  connected  with  Ohim> 
borazo,  sank  in  and  covered  50  cqnare  miles 
with  mud.  It  ia  not  iu  fact  by  burning  lavaa 
that  the  volcanoes  of  Pern  and  Qaito  exercise 
their  ravages,  but  by  torrents  of  mud  and 
water;  the  mud  when  first  ejected  has  the  con- 
sietence  of  pap,  but  it  speedily  hardens,  and 
occasionally  contains  so  much  combustible 
matter  that  the  inhabitants  make  use  of  it  for 
fuel."  (New  System  of  Geology,  eto,,  by  An- 
drew Uie.  London,  1829  ) 

A  remarkable  circumstance  bearing  on  this 
subject  is  recorded  in  a  paper  pnbliahed  in  the 
quaiterly  journal  of  the  Geological  Society, 
February,  1890  by  F.  M,  Corpi,  entitled  "The 
Catastrophe  of  Kantzorik,  Armenia." 

The  author  states  that  on  the  aecond  of 
Augnst,  1889,  the  village  of  Kantzorik  was  in- 
undated by  a  flow  of  foft  mud,  resulting  from 
the  bursting  of  the  Eastern  Mountain.  The 
village  was  buried  and  136  villagers  perished. 
Mr.  Corpi  thus  desoribea  this  singular  deposit 
as  neen  by  him  : 

*****  From  this  point  to  the  foot  of  the 
Great  Eastern  Mountain  (which  is  situated  at 
the  extremity  of  the  valley  in  the  direction 
from  east  to  west),  and  for  a  distance  of 
seven  to  eight  kilompters  and  for  a  width  vary- 
ing between  100  and  300  meters  according  to  the 
configuration  of  the  ground, stretched  like  a  vast, 
motionless  river,  a  masa  of  solidified  marly 
mud,  the  greater  part  of  whioh  was  of  a  bluish- 
gray  color,  and  the  remainder  of  various  other 
tints.  This  material,  whioh,  taking  aoconnt  of 
the  superficies  and  the  inclination  of  the  flanks 
of  the  mountains  and  hills  forming  the  valley, 
may  be  estimated  approximatively  at  more  than 
50,000,000  cubic  meters,  has  the  appearance  of 
an  undulating  sheet." 

Similar  phenomena  may  have  been  oommon 
in  past  geological  periods. 

Aapecimen  of  diorite  was  sent  to  me  some  years 
ago  from  New  Zaaland,  in  which  was  imbedded 
a  fossil  shell.  If  this  rock  had  been  igneous 
plutonio  as  supposed,  the  presence  of  the  fossil 
would  seem  impossible.  The  specimen  is  now 
in  the  cabinet  of  F.  A,  Kimball  at  National 
Oity  in  this  State. 

That  the  columnar  structure  generally 
thought  to  be  peculiar  to  baaalt  is  the  result  of 
desiccation,  and  that  sedimentary  deposits  as- 
sume thia  form  as  far  as  conditions  will  ad- 
mit, may  be  proved  by  riding  over  the  smooth, 
treeless  plains  known  as  dry  lakes,  so  oommon 
in  the  inland  basins  of  California.  It  may  be 
seen  that  the  fissures  caused  by  drying,  nearly 
all  form  pentagons,  and  it  requires  only  the 
exeroiae  of  imagination  for  the  rider  to  believe 
himself  crosaing  a  platean  of  basaltic  oolnmnt 
extending  downward  indefinitely. 

About  a  century  ago  geologists  were  divided 
as  to  the  origin  of  the  basalts,  traps  and  other 
rocka.  The  result  of  my  study  of  theae  in 
California  convinoea  me  that  the  question  ia 
still  unsettled. 

The  controversy  was  between  the  Neptunists, 
followers  of  Werner,  and  the  Vclcanists,  with 
Hutton  as  leader.  Among  other  ^'Titers  moat 
interested,  may  be  mentioned  Playfair,  Sir 
Jtmes  Hall,  Jamenon,  Murray,  Hope,  Seymore, 
Kirwan,  Patrin,  Dnlomieu,  Saasure,  Broohant, 
FanJAS,  Walleriua,  Daubulsson,  Pmkerton,  Ure 
and  others.  Fauj^is,  an  ardent  Volcaniat,  ad- 
mitted that  common  trap  was  not  of  voloanic 
oriein, 

Dolomien  (quoted  by  Patrin)  says:  ''There 
is  such  a  vaot  number  of  Ejyptian  monuments 
in  the  Birgian  Museum  at  Veletri  that  th(>v  are 
almost  suffijient  to  constitute  the  whole  Egyp- 
tian Lithology.  Many  are  formed  of  stones 
which  have  the  qualities  attributed  to  basalt; 
not  one  ie  volcanic." 

Nearly  all  German  acientista  in  the  time  of 
Werner  believed  that  trap  rocks  were  formed 
by  water. 

"  Bisalts  often  rppoae  immediately  on  coal 
at  Meisener  near  Casael.  Now  if  this  basalt 
was  volcanic  it  must  necessarily  have  prodnceH 
the  combustion  of  these  bedsof  coal.  •  •  * 
**Tbe  remains  of  vegetables  and  animals  which 
are  fonnd  in  the  trap  rooks  could  not  in  like 
manner  have  resist<<d  the  volcanic  h^^at  without 
being  destroyed.  *  *  ♦  Cavities  filled  W'*h 
water,  such  as  enhydrio  agates  found  near  Vi- 
oenzk  in  Italy  in  secondary  trap  mountains,  en- 
tirely  deBtroy    all    supposition   of    a  voloanio 


Oalifornia,  and  that  a  depoEit  of  this  character  origin."  (Broohant,  quoted  by  Pinkerton  ) 
covered  and  protected  the  deep  placers,  I  shall  The  following  facte  are  well  known  to  chose 
lay  before  my  readers  certain  facts  for  their  .  familiar  with  the  deep  placera  of  California. 
consideration,  leaving  them  to  draw  thpir  own  Trees  are  found  in  the  lava  unburned,  leiving 
conclusions.  A  large  portion  of  the  United  the  impression  of  the  bark,  Mr.  A.  B  Wood 
States  is  covered  by  lava  sheets  rf  this  nature,  |  saw  )n  the  Mountain  Gate  drift  mine.  Damas- 
far  too  extensive  to  be  volcanic  fiows,  and  the   ous,  900  feet  below  the  surface  and  7000  feet 

fkbeenoe  of  great  voloauoee  ma^es  BQob  as  orl-  io  ^be  tunoe^r  »  pieQe  of  wood  lix  or  eight 


May  17.  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press, 


iDcbei  IQ  diameter,  imbt^dded  in  the  ho- 
c tiled  Iftvft,  and  it  was  oot  charred.  Mr. 
Goodyear  iaw  a  fniBil  trf^e  ataDdiofi  verti- 
cally ia  gray  oemoot.  Mcuiy  MDiilar  in- 
alnDcea  are  known. 

I  have  o  uv^ra^'d  with  a  ouinber  of  gen- 
tUui>4n  of  large  expeiienoe  in  mining  tbe 
dee^drift  pUcera,  who  were  aoaoimous  In 
deoyiog  any  Indication  of  metamorphiBm  at 
■  he  lioe  of  coDtaot  between  the  looae  gr? tvI^ 
and  the  euperinuQmbent  lava.  On  makiDk: 
an  upriae,  when  the  lava  was  rta"hed,  it  was 
aaay  to  pick  down  the  giavtl,  leuviog  a 
smooth  celling  or  roof  above. 

As  additioDul  evidence  that  th«>  lava  ie 
not  volcanic,  I  have  the  word  of  the  eacno 
gentlemen  that  in  drifting  they  sometimes 
oome  to  a  wall  of  lava,  bo  called,  to  which 
the  gravel  exterHs  and  a  alight  upward 
bending  of  the  bedrock  is  observed.  At 
the  line  of  contact  no  change  in  the  condi- 
tion  of  the  gravel  is  ever  seen,  which  would 
certainly  have  been  the  case  had  the  lava 
been  Igneous.  Mr.  J.  B.  Thomas  once  sunk 
a  prospecting  shaft  alongside  one  of  these 
dykes  expecting  to  find  the  mass  resting  on 
a  bedrock  or  on  gravel,  but  such  was  not 
the  oase  although  his  explorations  reached 
far  below  the  channel  bedrock. 

The  possibility  of  an  eruption  of  mud 
from  a  local  volcanic  mountain  being  ad- 
mitted, it  ts  but  a  step  to  concede  ooe  of 
far  greater  magnitade  issuing  from  fi.'Sures 
of  the  crust  of  a  contracting  earth. 

Sdveral  varieties  of  lava  ncoar  in  the  re- 
gion under  consideration  Ooe  black  scoria* 
oious  and  crystalline  (1),  rich  in  olivine 
and  without  doubt  igneous  volcanic,  but  the 
q  lantity  is  very  small  and  the  looalitira 
tew.  The  so-called  lava  aap  ('-)•  loolad- 
ing  the  GibsoQville  ridge,  is  gray,  por- 
phyritic,  non  crystalline  or  crypto-cry  stall- 
ine,  and  resembles  andesite  from  Colo- 
rado. This  lava  covers  the  country  far  and 
wide.  It  forms  table  moantains  and  is  the 
lava  under  which  the  deep  placers  lie,  so  often 
referred  to  in  this  paper.  Another  variety  (3) 
is  very  common  and  widespread  at  lower  alti- 
tudes. It  is  oalled  **  white  lava  "  by  the  min- 
ers, and  is  quite  extensively  used  as  a  building 
■tone  at  Mokelumne  Hill  in  Calaveras  county, 
at  St,  Helena  in  Napa  county  and  elsewhere. 
It  ia  generally  considered  u  volcanic  ash.  It 
ia  a  very  good  and  convenient  building  ma 
terial,  easily  cut,  resi«>tant  to  fire,  as  expe- 
rienced at  Mokelumne  Hill  daring  a  conflagra- 
tion which  occurred  some  time  since. 

Another  variety  (4)  occurs  In  quantity  near 
Messenger's  House  in  Calaveras  county,  and 
elp<^where.  After  examining  this,  It  is  not 
ditfiiult  to  believe  the  statement  that  the 
Indiana  need  to  make  mortars  of  this  formation 
and  were  not  disappointed  in  their  expectation 
that  the  vesflela  would  harden  with  time  and 
exposure.  The  following  is  my  examination  of 
thf  varteti«38  referred  to  above: 

No.  1 — Several  specimens  examined  chemi- 
cally  and  microscopically  were  from  Sawpit 
and  Spanish  Peak,  Plumas  county.  To  the  eye 
they  seemed  homogeneous,  dense,  fraotnre 
oonohoida);  if  closely  examined,  much  olivine 
was  seen  in  some  portions;  a  thin  section  under 
the  microscope  revealed  the  true  crystalline 
structure  of  basalt.  This  specimen  was  very 
similar  to  the  dense  basalt  of  the  Sandwich 
islands,  of  which  the  ancient  inhabitants  fash- 
ioned  their  rude  stone  axes,  with  samples  of 
which  t  have  compared  it. 

No.  2 — ( d )     Porphy ritic  specimens  from  near 

GlbBODvihe.    Occurs  near  road  between  Liporte 

and   GibsonviUe;  resembles   andesite;   oolor  of 

matrix,  blaiRh    gray ;   obiioare   cvoteilg   creamy 

(  "'ontinufd  on  p  'ff  S.i7  ) 


THE    VINEYARD    IN     AUTU  MN -FROM    GRAPE    TO     RAISIN     IN    THE    SUNSHINE. 


Singular  Geological  Phenomenon. 

Oo  J.  C.  Hartman's  ranch,  two  and  a  half 
miles  north  of  town,  a  singular  geological  phe- 
nomenon has  occurred.  About  three  acres  of 
land  suddenly  sank  about  50  feet,  leaving  per- 
pendicular walls  on  three  sides,  or  in  the  shape 
of  a  aemi-cirole.  The  horizontal  strata,  consist- 
ing of  indurated  clays  and  friable  sandstone,  are 
exposed  below  the  soil,  presenting  a  beautiful 
appearance.  While  there  was  a  gradual  slope 
to  the  west,  yet  the  depression  does  not  partake 
of  the  nature  of  a  slide  but  is  a  vertical  sinking 
of  the  earth.  The  elevation  is  1150  feet  abcvu 
the  sea  level  and  the  land  has  been  tilled  for 
several  years. 

In  this  range  of  bills,  which  culminates  in  the 
Sulphur  range  of  mountains,  are  many  indica- 
tions of  bituminous  matter  and  of  sulphur. 
This  region,  especially  a  little  farther  north,  is 
subject  to  solfataras,  some  of  which  are  still  in 
operation,  while  others  have  become  extinct. 
In  these  the  bituminous  matter  at  some  distance 
below  the  surface  is  finally  burned  out,  leaving 
a  cavity  of  greater  or  leaser  extent,  and  not  be- 
iug  a'ble  to  support  the  superincumbent  weight, 
it  is  liable  to  sink  from  the  top.  This  may  ac- 
count for  the  sinking  of  the  land  on  Mr.  Hart- 
man's  ranch.  In  Adams'  canyon  a  living 
Bolfatara  may  be  seen,  and  one  near  Rincoo. 
Both  emit  heat  and  steam  and  sulphurous 
fumea.  An  extinct  solfatara  may  be  seen  on 
the  mountain-side,  a  mile  southeast  of  Santa 
Paula,  The  earth  has  sunk,  leaving  walls  of 
variegated  sandetone.  which  may  b"  n^en  sev- 
eral miles  distant. —  Ventura  Frte  Preaa, 


Six-Mile    Canyon.— The     Virginia     Enter- 
prise says:     If  any  one  has  ore  to  crush  he  can 
the   canyon   and   readily   pne^Ero 


do« 


nearly  all  the  stamps  that  are  there.  They  are 
nearly  all  idle,  and  those  who  have  stamps 
have  no  use  for  them  over  four  or  five  days 
each  month.  Tom  HuUy  has  two  five-stamp 
n^illd  in  the  oanyan,  but  he  is  not  crushing. 
He  has  lately  purchnned  the  California  mill 
tailings,  paying  $30,000  for  about  5000  tons. 
He  will  first  run  thf>m  through  for  the  quick- 
silver, and  he  will  then  let  the  action  of  the 
air  oxidize  them  for  some  time,  and  then  run 
them  through  again.  Pfeifer,  who  owns  the 
lowest  mill  in  the  canyon,  ia  building  an  over- 
shot wheel,  because  he  finds  the  hurdy-gurdy 
wheel  is  too  expensive.  He  has  two  stamps, 
works  his  own  tailings  and  does  a  little  custom 
ornnhiDg.  Jennings's,  B^s^ill's  and  Lonkey's 
mills  are  run  on  tailings.  Fisher's  mill  of  four 
stamps  ro'^s  a  little  rock  and  tailings.  John- 
son's and  Bruce*B  milh  have  one  pan  each  and 
no  stamps.  Bowie's  mill  has  two  stamps  and 
two  pans.  It  can  croeh  but  1000  pounds  of 
ore  to  the  stamp  in  24  hours.  Nearly  all  the 
millmen  own  strings  of  sluices,  and  they  do 
their  own  sweeping  and  all   their   other   work. 

Grapes  for  Raisins. 

The  California  raisin  industry  is  one  of  our 
most  profit" ble,  pr-^misingand  rapidly  extend* 
ing  specialties.  Not  only  so,  but  the  raisin 
is  winning  wide  reputation  for  our  State 
in  distant  parts,  and  nur  raieia  districts, 
especially  in  the  Sau  Joaquin  valley,  are 
enjoying  a  good  share  of  the  influx  of  popula- 
tion. A  single  branch  of  production  which 
made  an  outturn  last  year  of  one  and  a  quar- 
ter mil'ion  20  pound  boxes,  or  In  round  num- 
bers, 25.000,000  pounds  of  dried  fruit,  and 
which  bids  fair  to  increase  this  amount  this 
TPnr  p'lpsihly  S.S  tier   cpnt,  is  naturally  attract- 


WiNTER    SCENE    |N    A    RIVER§IDg    VINEYARD-PRUNJNG    AND    CULTIVATINQ^ 


ing  much  attention.  This  interest  ia  alio  etimn- 
lated,  no  doubt,  by  the  fact  that  in  spite  of 
this  product  and  the  foreign  produot  as  well, 
there  is  this  year  a  great  shortage  in  the 
world's  supply  of  raisins.  The  outlook  ia  that 
those  who  have  been  planting  rainlns  so  reso- 
lutely and  confidently  during  the  last  few 
years  will  find  themselves  luxuriating  in  gener- 
ous returns  this  year  If  no  uufavoralsle  in- 
fluence prevents  the  realization  of  present  crop 
promise. 

In  view  of  the  popularity  of  the  raisin  in- 
terest, we  have  thought  that  we  could  not 
better  please  our  readers  in  distant  parts  of 
the  world  and  in  parts  of  our  own  coast  ■ 
where  raisins  are  not  now  produced,  than 
by  selecting  two  pictures  which  illustrate  two 
stages  in  the  year's  progress  in  a  California 
raisin  vineyard.  One  ia  a  winter  view 
in  which  are  seen  the  vines  in  their  reg- 
ular rows  correctly  aligned  from  any 
point  of  view.  The  foliage  has  fallen,  the 
oanes  have  been  pruned  back  to  a  few  buds 
and  nothing  appears  to  the  casual  observer  but 
gnarly  stumps  with  crests  of  pronged  spurs, 
the  old  bark  black,  ragged,  uninviting;  the 
ground  covered  with  rubbish  of  dead  leaves 
and  brush  and  clods.  Such  is  the  aspect  of  a 
vineyard  until  the  winter  rains  start  the  growth 
of  verdore  along  the  rows;  then  follow  the 
plowing  and  harrowing,  or  cultivating,  and  the 
sorry  vine  stumps  are  surrounded  by  an  even 
surface  of  well- pulverized  soil;  soon  the  vine 
feels  the  warmth  of  the  spring  sunshine,  the 
foliage  starts,  the  gnarly,  spurred  head  of  the 
vine  is  hidden  beneath  a  tuft  of  crisp,  delicate 
leaves;  then  if  frosts  forbear,  out  shoot  the 
oanes  with  twining  tendrils,  the  vine  stump  ia 
lost  to  sight,  the  field  becomes  an  expanse  of 
beautiful  green  mounds.  Baok  and  forth  go 
the  cultivators,  each  time  the 
pathway  of  brown  soil  becoming 
narrower  until  at  last  vine  links 
tendrils  with  vine,  and  the  field  is 
a  sea  of  green;  vine  stump,  brown 
soil,  everything  is  concealed  be- 
neath the  dense  mantle  of 
verdure.  Such  is  the  Califor- 
nia vineyard  at  midsummer. 
Iq  young  vineyards  there  will  be 
protruding  stakes  and  bare  patches 
of  soil,  but  in  the  old  vineyards 
there  is  neither  oign  of  stake  nor 
trelllf-;  the  vine  pruned  to  support 
its  own  weight,  except  such  as  it 
can  distribate  over  the  surrounding 
soil,  needs  no  support.  There  is 
nothing  handsomer  in  the  midenm- 
mar  landscape  than  the  green  of  the 
vineyard  contrasting  with  the 
browns  and  yellowe  of  the  grain- 
fi  Ids,  or  the  unimpx-ovpd  hillsides. 
0  chards  are  green  as  well,  but  the 
vine  has  a  density  of  foliage  sn^  a 
unifo  m  verdure  which  can  be  se- 
lected as  far  us  the  eye  can  per- 
ceive. 

As  the  summer  shades  into  au- 
tumn, the  scenes  in  the  vineyard 
partake  more  of  the  character 
shown  in  our  second  engraving. 
The  heavy  cluaters  of  ripe  grapes 
are  gathered,  ppread  upon  wooden 
trays  and  exposed  to  the  clear  sun- 
shine and  warm  dry  nipht-air  of 
the  interior  valleys  of  California. 
As  the  available  space  between  the 
vines  does  not  always  accommodate 
the  fruit,  all  surrounding  spaces  are 
employed.  In  the  engraving  thQ 
avennes  aronnd  the  vines  are  spread 
with  ^rays  and  the  banks  of  the  Ifv 
rigation  ditch  are  ajeo  covered, 


332 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Mat  17,  1890 


n^lNlJ^G   gUMMAF^Y, 

The  following  Is  mostly  cotidensed  from  joumala  pubUshed 
in  the  Interior,  in  proximity  to  the  mines  mentioned. 


CALIFORNIA. 

Oalaveras. 

GkAVEL.  —  Calaveras  Chronicle,  May  lo:  With 
the  few  days  of  lair  weather,  giving  the  roads  a 
chance  to  dry  a  little  and  become  passable,  move- 
ments bpgan  in  mining  operations,  and  while  not  yet 
fully  awakened,  promise  to  be  so  when  the  weather 
is  fairly  settled  and  the  condition  of  the  highways 
permit  ordinarily  easy  travel.  Mr.  Geo.  R.  Tuitle  has 
begun  active  operations  in  prospecting  lor  blue  lead 
gravel  in  Chili  gulch,  this  week.  Water-power 
will  be  put  on  and  a  6-foot  Donnelly  wheel  will  be 
used  on  a  30-inch  diameter  hoist.  Mr.  Tattle  is 
putting  up  a  good  rig  and  so  arranging  it  that  in 
case  pay  dirt  is  not  found  he  can  easily  and  cheaply 
remove  to  some  other  prospect.  From  all  that  can 
he  learned,  however,  he  is  more  than  likely  to  strike 
it  rich  in  his  present  location.  McSorley  &  Co.'s 
gravel  mine,  in  Chili  gulch,  recently  bonded,  is,  we 
understand,  in  full  blast. 

Gold  Cliff.— A//.  Echo,  May  8:  Mr.  Garrard, 
superintendent  of  the  Gold  Cliff  mine,  finished  the 
laying  of  the  water-pipe  this  week  and  turned  the 
water  on  the  wheel  which  runs  the  TuUoch  concen- 
trators. They  worked  splendidly  and  far  exceeded 
the  most  sanguine  expectations. 
Bl  Dorado. 
Lotus.  —  Georgetown  Gazette^  May  8:  The 
Wagner  Bros,  have  been  engaged  the  past  two 
weeks  in  moving  the  old  Pascal  mill  from  Granite 
Hill  to  their  claim  west  of  here.  It  will  be  rebuilt 
and  put  in  operation  at  once.  Their  mine  from  all 
appearances  has  turned  out  to  be  a  good  one,  and 
to  save  all  the  yellow  metal  the  young  men  have  in- 
vested in  a  mill  and  hoisting  works  complete.  This 
will  be  a  fine  thing  for  our  town,  and  we  wish  them 
success.  The  old  Stuckslager  or  Sam  Sims  mine  is 
soon  to  start  up  also.  It  is  owned  by  a  S.  F.  firm, 
and  the  intention  is  to  erect  hoisting  works  and 
a  small  mill  of  some  kind.  The  foreman,  a  Mr. 
Dennison  of  the  old  Taylor  mine,  has  the  work  in 
charge,  and  will  commence  operations  as  soon  as 
possible.  Both  of  these  are  pocket  mines,  with 
some  gold  in  the  hanging  and  foot  walls.  By  hav- 
ing mills  all  of  the  gold  is  saved  and  there  is  no  loss 
whatever. 

Oakland  Mine.  —  Mt.  Democrat,  May  10:  J. 
S.  Raw  of  the  Oakland  mine  returned  from  the  East 
this  week.  Since  the  return  of  Mr.  Raw  the  pumps 
have  been  set  at  work  on  the  mine,  and  the  shaft 
will  be  cleaned  out,  when  the  company  will  let  con- 
tracts to  sink  a  fine  shaft  300  feet  below  the  present 
lowest  point  reached. 

Machinery.— M.  J.  Ryan  of  the  Oak  Consoli- 
dated mine  near  Grizzly  Flat  has  had  teams  busy 
this  week  hauling  up  the  machinery  that  is  to  be  put 
up  at  the  mine.  The  present  owners  recently  paid 
over  the  last  of  the  purchase-money,  and  having  sat- 
isfied themselves  that  they  have  a  good  mine  will 
push  things. 

Slate. — Mr.  Bine,  superintendent  of  the  Califor- 
nia slate  quarries,  informs  us  that  the  increasing  de- 
mand for  slate  keeps  his  yard  cleaned  out,  with  or- 
ders far  ahead  of  the  supply.  To  meet  the  exigen. 
cies  of  the  occasion,  his  company  has  under  contem 
plation  the  construction  of  an  automatic  hoist  that 
will  elevate  the  slate  from  the  quarries  to  the  top  of 
the  hill  back  of  Luce's  ranch,  from  which  point  to 
town  an  easy  grade  for  hauling  can  be  secured  along 
the  county  road. 

Inyo. 
Across  the  'RxViG^.— Register,  May  8:  The  40- 
ton  furnace  destined  for  Sylvania  is  soon  to  be  put 
in  place.  It  will  be  located  within  a  few  hundred 
feet  of  the  Esmeralda  line.  About  60  men  are  now 
at  work  there,  and  more  going.  No  work  will  be 
done  in  the  mine  until  the  immense  amount  of  ore 
now  out  is  disposed  of.  At  Palmetto,  the  mill  has 
been  hung  up  on  account  of  snow,  but  started 
Tuesday.  At  Pigeon  Springs,  Murphy  is  working 
the  Buster  mine.  He  goes  below  in  a  few  days  to 
purchase  a  Huntington  roller-mill,  to  take  the  place 
of  the  two  steam  arastras  heretofore  used.  Murphy 
will  work  over  the  tailings  from  the  arastras,  and 
afterward  turn  the  mill  loose  on  the  large  quantity 
of  ore  now  on  the  |dump  of  the  mine.  AtJ  Gold 
Mountain,  Fred  Vollraer  and  Pete  Kaiser  are  do- 
ing effective  work.  Our  informant  says  that  from  a 
shipment  of  2j^  tons  of  rich  ore  recently  shipped  by 
them  they  received  a  net  cash  return  of  $3400. 

Fish  Springs.— The  mines  in  the  hills  just 
south  of  Fish  Springs  appear  to  be  on  permanent 
paying  ledges  of  low-grade  ore.  Jones  and  Elias 
are  now  working  the  Pontas  Negros  mine,  located 
about  a  half-mile  west  of  the  county  road,  and  a 
mile  and  a  half  from  the  railroad.  The  shaft  is  now 
down  18  feet;  its  owners  propose  to  sink  100  feet 
farther,  and  if  justified  by  the  prospect,  put  up  a 
mill.  The  ores  carry  silver  and  gold,  and  are  be- 
ing taken  from  a  32-inch  ore  streak  in  a  six-foot 
ledge.  The  first  assays  from  this  claim  were  made 
from  rock  found  two  feet  under  ground,  and  these 
tests  gave  a  value  of  25  ounces  silver.  At  the 
present  depth  assays  average  about  38  ounces, 
showing  a  steady  increase  with  the  depth.  Mc- 
Carthy et  als.  are  working  an  18-foot  ledge  of  low- 
grade  gold  ore.  A  run  and  cleanup  has  just  been 
made  of  40  tons  of  ore  from  their  mine.  Commati 
has  been  doing  well  with  bis  mine  and  arastra. 

MarlDOsa. 

The  Hart  Mine. — Mariposa  Gazette,  May  10: 
On  Thursday  we  were  shown  some  very  rich  samples 
of  gold  quartz  from  the  present  workings  of  the  once 
famous  Sebastopol  gold  mine,  about  five  miles  south 
of  Mariposa.  The  mine  was  bonded  last  fall  by 
Messrs.  Ridgway  &  Hay,  since  which  a  shaft  70  feet 
deep  has  been  sunk,  which  has  shown  a  well-defined 
ledge  estimated  from  18  inches  to  2  feet,  and  about 
$40  milling  rock,  with  very  rich  strata,  indicating 
that  there  are  some  rich  pockets  not  far  away,  and 
at  100  feet  the  owners  expect  to  run  levels  and  cross- 
cuts and  tap  the  pay  chute  left  by  Mr.  Streeter  at 
the  time  his  lease  expired.  It  is  a  well-known  fact 
in  Mariposa  that  Mr.  Streeter,  the  Lind  Bros,,  Lew- 
is, Anderson,  Snow  and  others  have  taken  out  large 
amounts  of  coin  from  this  mine  in  former  years,  esti- 
mated at  least  $200,000,  and,  strange  as  it  may  ap- 
pear, all  this  was  from  rock  rich  enough  to  crush 
with  a  hand  mortar  and  everything  else  went  into  the 
dump  pile.     The  deepest  work  done  in  the  past  was 


about  go  feet  and  it  is  demonstrated  that  the  deeper 
the  development  goes  the  better  it  will  be.  It  is  ex- 
pected that  a  rich  strike  will  be  made  in  the  near 
future,  and  we  hope  soon  to  see  this  mine  a  good 
producer  again.  A  company  has  just  been  organ- 
ized with  a  board  of  directors  who  are  thoroughly 
conversant  with  this  mine,  and  it  intends  to  push 
the  work  as  fast  as  possible,  and  soon  to  put  up  a 
mill  to  crush  the  ore,  which  is  not  rich  enough  to 
crush  with  a  hand  mortar. 

The  Whitlock  Mines,  —  Jack  Farrens  brought 
in  some  quartzjrom  his  claim  on  Whitlocks  the  other 
day,  which  showed  free  gold  well  distributed  through- 
out, and  loose.in  a  red  ocher  formation  which  was 
very  rich.  Mr.  Farrens  has  good  reasons  for  believ- 
ing that  his  is  one  of  the  many  good  mines  now  be- 
ing prospected  on  Whitlocks.  There  is  every  reason 
to  assure  a  lively  camp  in  the  near  future  for  that  lo- 
cality, as  the  mines  there  are  looking  up  well  without 
exception,  and  the  more  they  are  worked  the  better 
they  prove  to  be.  A  few  of  the  more  promising  ones 
are  the  Alabama,  Helm's,  Duzenberry,  Ellingham  & 
Grove's  and  Heisser  &  Peregoy's,  A  1  the  mines  on 
Whitlock's  and  Sherlock's  creeks  are  known  to  be 
rich,  deep  mines  that  only  require  development  to 
prove  their  endless  value. 

Nevada. 

The  Idaho's  New  Ore  Body.— Grass  Valley 
Union,  May  10:  The  new  ore  body  recently  struck 
on  the  17  level  of  the  Idaho  mine,  at  a  vertical  depth 
of  1900  feet,  continues  to  have  all  the  appearance 
of  a  genuine  bonanza.  This  ore  body  was  struck  at 
a  distance  of  200  feet  from  the  shaft  in  driving  the 
drift  eastwardly  to  the  regular  pay  chute,  which 
would  not  have  been  reached  in  a  less  distance  than 
1000  feet,  judging  from  the  dip  of  the  chute  as  found 
in  the  16  level.  The  new  ore  is  of  an  entirely  differ- 
ent quality  from  that  found  in  the  regular  pay-chute, 
being  highly  mineralized,  some  of  it  going  as  high 
as  15  per  cent  in  sulphurets,  and  is  much  darker  in 
color,  and  the  lode  extraordinary  in  size,  and  the 
space  between  the  walls  at  the  widest  part  yet  found 
is  20  feet.  The  quarts  and  sulphurets  are  rich  in 
gold,  and  even  the  cab  prospects  in  gold.  The 
drift  has  now  been  carried  into  the  ore  body 
a  distance  of  30  feet,  and  although  this  is  not 
far  enough  to  determine  whether  the  ore  body  is  go- 
ing to  be  continuous,  there  are  no  indications  of  it 
giving  out,  or  the  lode  narrowing  its  width.  The 
entire  face  of  the  ore  as  exposed  prospects  well  in 
gold.  Although  no  figures  are  given  out  as  to  the 
yield  per  ton  by  mill  process,  the  statement  is  made 
that  the  ore  is  as  rich  as  any  that  has  ever  been 
found  in  the  mine,  and  when  it  is  considered  that 
the  regular  pay  chute  within  the  limits  of  the  Idaho 
boundaries  has  yielded  over  $11,000,000,  and  the 
same  chute  in  the  Eureka  location  gave  a  yield  to 
the  company  of  over  $3,500,000,  it  may  be  imagined 
that  the  present  find  is  showing  signs  of  being  very 
important.  It  is  too  soon  yet  to  define  the  direction 
of  the  strike  of  the  new  ore  body,  as  it  was  first 
struck  in  the  floor  of  the  drift,  which  made  it  appear 
as  if  that  was  the  top  of  it,  but  it  has  since  filled  the 
face  of  the  drift  and  has  widened  as  the  drifting  has 
progressed.  There  were  no  indications  of  it  on  the 
16  level,  and  it  may  be  that  it  extends  downward, 
going  both  east  and  west,  but  as  to  the  latter  direc- 
tion this  cannot  well  be  demonstrated  until  the  shaft 
is  carried  down  to  another  level.  If  the  ore  holds 
as  now  to  the  eastern  boundary  of  the  location  the 
distance  will  be  1200  feet  or  more,  which  will  insure 
an  enormous  yield  of  the  precious  metal,  and  if  it 
extends  downward,  as  it  undoubtedly  will,  in  that 
case  it  would  be  difficult  to  place  an  e5timate  on  the 
value  of  such  a  magnificent  ore  body.  As  heretofore 
remarked,  this  discovery  is  of  exceeding  interest  in 
showing  the  possibilities  of  deep  raining  in  this  dis- 
trict, and  will  place  the  quartz-mining  industry  on  a 
safer  and  more  enduring  basis  than  ever  before. 

Milling  the  "Waste.— Transcript,  May  9:  At 
the  Pittsburg  mine  of  this  district  the  rock  of  the 
old  waste  dump  is  bfeing  put  through  the  mill  at  a 
cost  of  from  70  cents  to  a  dollar  a  ton,  and  from  $3 
to  $4  a  ton,  besides  the  sulphurets,  is  being  realized, 
giving  enough  gold  to  pay  for  all  the  extensive  pros- 
pecting operations  being  carried  on  in  the  lower 
workings.  The  Empire  Mining  Co.  at  Grass  Val- 
ley is  also  working  up  its  waste  with  profitable  re- 
sults. Tributers  while  working  in  these  mines  put 
aside  the  lowest  grade  ore  because  they  did  not  be- 
lieve it  would  pay  them  to  hire  it  crushed. 

Placer. 

The  Drummond  Mine.— Heraid,  May  10:  Wm. 
Werry,  superintendent  of  the  Diummond  quartz 
mine,  located  a  few  miles  south  of  Iowa  Hill,  was 
in  Auburn  last  Saturday,  and  from  him  we  learn 
that  work  on  the  mine  is  progressing  satisfactorily, 
and  that  the  developments  are  very  encouraging. 
The  lower  or  new  tunnel  only  lacked  25  feet  of  be- 
ing into  the  ledge,  and  by  the  time  that  is  in  the 
second  roller-mill  will  be  ready  to  run,  after  which 
they  will  be  able  to  crush  from  35  to  40  tons  of  ore 
a  day.  At  present  they  are  extracting  ore  from  the 
old  or  upper  tunnel  and  crushing  on  an  average  a 
little  less  than  20  tons  a  day.  The  vein  is  good  and 
strong,  averaging  four  feet,  and  is  all  milling'ore, 
and  yields  right  along  from  $6  to  $7  per  ton.  This 
mine  is  the  property  of  C.  F.  Reed  of  Auburn,  and 
from  present  indications  promises  to  prove  very 
valuable, 

San  Dieeo. 

The  Nevt  Mining  Company,— Julian  Sentinel, 
May  9:  We  are  enabled  to  give  our  anxious  read- 
ers a  partial  outline  of  the  work  that  is  contem- 
plated by  the  owners  of  the  Cincinnati  Belle  and 
Gold  King  and  Queen  group  of  mines,  who  have 
lately  visited  the  camp  for  the  purpose  of  inspect- 
ing these  properties  and  arranging  for  the  proper 
development  of  the  same.  The  true  merit  and 
magnitude  of  the  property  they  found  had  been 
underestimated,  and  that  all  previous  plans  of  oper- 
ating the  property  were  entirely  too  limited.  Hence 
a  new  and  more  expensive  mode  of  operations  has 
been  adopted.  The  entire  company,  including 
Messrs.  Cushman  and  Rhorer  of  St.  Louis,  re- 
solved to  surrender  their  present  charter,  as  it  exists 
under  the  laws  of  an  Eastern  State,  and  incor- 
porate under  the  laws  of  California,  increasing  the 
capital  stock  to  $1,500,000.  Col.  T.  W.  Brooks, 
acting  agent  of  the  company,  arrived  last  week  and 
is  now  busy  rearranging  the  former  workR,  and  we 
learn  from  him  that  estimates  of  a  20-stamp  mill 
are  before  the  builders  of  San  Diego  and  San  Fran- 
cisco, preparatory  to  erecting  the  same  on  the  com- 
pany's property  at  an  early  date.  He  also  informs 
us  that  an  entire  change  of  operating  the  property 
will  be  made.    The  present  working  or  ore  shafts 


of  the  Cincinnati  Belle,  King  and  Queen  will 
be  abandoned,  except  as  an  air  shaft,  and  in  their 
stead  will  be  sunk  large  and  permanent  shafts  at  a 
more  practical  point.  There  vrill  be  a  temporary 
suspension  of  work  on  the  Cincinnati  Belle  until 
such  time  as  the  new  hoist  arrives,  the  perfecting 
of  plans  and  the  many  changes  that  are  necessary. 
This  is  the  first  move  of  grand  proportions  that  has 
be*fen  made  in  this  camp  (barring  the  Stonewall)  for 
many  years,  and  the. benefits  to  be  derived  from  such 
extensive  operations  are  many. 

SbsBta. 

Old  Diggings  District.— Redding  Free  Press, 
May  10:  The  Central  mine,  after  being  idle  nearly 
two  years,  has  made  a  move  in  the  right  direction. 
Operations  were  resumed  May  ist.  This  will  be  a 
good  move  for  all  Shasta  county.  Mr.  W.  L.  Sharp 
of  Shasta  is  foreman  of  the  mine,  The  mines  of  the 
Old  Diggings  are  on  their  way  to  prosperity  and  the 
outlook  was  never  more  encouraging.  Notably  is 
this  the  case  with  the  Hart  ik  Fleming  mine,  which 
has  attained  a  greater  depth  than  any  other  mine  in 
the  district.  The  deeper  they  go  down  the  richer  it 
gets.  Mr.  Champion  has  bought  a  mine  at  Buck- 
eye and  christened  it  "The  Lexington."  He  has 
also  bought  an  engine  and  steam  pump  and  will 
proceed  at  once  to  develop  the  same. 

From  Dog  Creek.— Courier,  May  10;  L.  O. 
Enochs  was  down  from  Dog  creek  this  week, 
and  has  been  at  work  in  the  mines  all  winter.  His 
report  is  favorable,  although  the  miners  had  to  con- 
tend with  unusual  inclemencies  of  weather.  The 
McCourt  boys,  Randalls  and  Donahoe,  have  a 
claim  on  the  headwaters  of  Dog  creek.  They  have 
a  tunnel  in  230  feet,  and  are  getting  close  to  the 
ledge,  that  crops  out  fine  and  strong  on  the  surface, 
and  prospects  in  a  manner  to  excite  a  forty-niner. 
Situated  just  south  of  this  is  the  bonanza  claim 
known  as  the  Trinity  claim  of  Coyle  &  Carter, 
which  is  being  developed  gradually.  Near  to  and 
adjoining  the  Trinity  mine,  L.  O.  Enochs  and  Tom 
Luddy  have  a  mine  known  as  the  Central,  and 
have  been  hard  at  work  to  delevop  it  for  several 
months.  Their  tunnel  is  now  in  the  hill  over  100 
feet,  and  70  or  80  feet  more  tunnel  will  certainly 
tap  the  ledge,  and  the  surface  croppings  are  such  as 
to  indicate  that  at  a  greater  depth  the  "golden 
chest  "  will  be  found.  All  the  miners  on  Dog  creek 
are  doing  pretty  well  considering  the  hard  winter, 
and  the  placers  will  show  good  returns  this  summer 
and  fall. 

Quartz. — Ed  '  Taylor,  our  roadmaster,  has 
owned  a  quartz  ledge  at  Hogtown  near  the  Coun- 
cil House,  and  suburb  of  Shasta,  for  some  time. 
Recently  Ed  concluded  to  see  what  the  quartz  was 
worth  on  working  test.  He  took  unselected  6% 
tons  and  sent  it  unassorted,  to  Engram  &  Wright's 
arastra,  where  it  was  ground  up.  As  a  result  of  the 
cleanup  Taylor  has  a  specimen  in  the  shape  of  s% 
ounces  of  pure  gold  retort.  The  neighborhood  of 
$15  per  ton  is  pretty  good  for  rock  taken  just  as  it 
came  from  the  ledge. 

Tuolumne. 

To  BE  Reopened. —Tuolumne  Independeiit, 
May  8:  The  old  Colby  claim  is  to  be  reopened  by 
Messrs.  D.  Oliver,  J.  P.  Dart,  A.  P.  Johnson  and 
M.  Kelley,  work  having  been  commenced  last  Mon- 
day. The  old  cut  and  tunnel  which  had  caved  in 
during  the  past  winter  is  being  cleaned  out,  and 
we  are  informed  that  a  steam  engine  will  be  put  up 
soon  for  the  better  development  of  the  mine.  The 
gentlemen  interested  are  enterprising,  experienced 
mining  men, 

NEVADA. 

Wasboe  District. 

Sierra  Nevada, — Virginia  Chronicle,  May  10 
On  the  630  level  a  southwest  drift  is  advanced  535 
feet  from  the  shaft  station.  Formation,  clay  and 
porphyry  carrying  water. 

Union  Con.— On  the  1465  level  from  the  north 
lateral  drift,  opposite  west  crosscut  No.  4,  east 
crosscut  No.  i  is  advanced  370  feet,  continuing 
in  porphyry, 

Mexican.— On  the  1465  level  west  crosscut  No. 
4,  100  feet  south  of  No.  3,  from  the  north  drift  from 
west  crosscut  No.  i,  from  the  main  north  lateral 
drift,  is  extended  241  feet,  continuing  in  porphyry 
carrying  lines  of  quartz. 

Ophir. — On  the  1300  level  in  working  south- 
westerly from  the  top  of  the  raise  carried  up  28  feet 
above  the  south  drift  from  the  end  of  the  east  cross- 
cut from  the  shaft  station,  following  the  ore  streak 
found  in  the  raise  downward,  65  tons  of  ore  were 
extracted  and  raised  to  the  surface,  the  average  as- 
say value  of  which  is  $27. 50  per  ton. 

Con.  California  &  Virginia.— The  1300, 
1500  and  1600  levels  continue  to  yield  the  usual 
quantity  of  ore.  Shipped  to  the  Morgan  mill  1064 
tons  and  1300  pounds  of  ore  and  to  the  Eureka  1603 
tons  and  660  pounds;  battery  sample  assays  showing 
an  average  value  of  $22. 50  per  ton  [2735  tons  milled"). 
Bullion  valued  at  $19,596.59  shipped  to  the  Carson 
Mint,  and  to  San  Francisco,  $35,956.77. 

Best  &  Belcher.— On  the  1000  level  the  joint 
west  crosscut  is  cleaned  out  and  repaired  90  feet. 

Gould  &  Curry. — On  the  400  level  the  northwest 
drift  from  west  crosscut  No.  i  is  extended  34  feet, 
Formation,  hard  porphyry. 

Occidental  Con, — Continue  to  extract  ore  of 
good  quality  from  the  stopes  on  the  400  and  450 
levels.  In  the  550  level  north  line  west  crosscut 
are  cutting  out  a  station  preparatory  to  sinking  on 
the  ore  developed  there. 

North  Occidental. — Work  confined  to  repairs. 

Northwestern  Con.  —  Sinking  shaft  below 
the  100  level.     Bottom  in  quartz. 

Andes. — A  420  level  west  crosscut  160  feet  north 
of  the  shaft  is  in  10  feet,  showing  clay  and  quartz 
seams  in  the  face.  The  350  level  west  crosscut  is 
extended  220  feet,  the  face  in  porphyry. 

Savage. — Shipped  420  tons  of  ore,  showing  an 
average  value  of  $23.25  by  battery  sample   assays. 

Hale  &  Norcross. — A  500  level  east  crosscut  is 
advanced  144  feet,  and  continues  in  porphyry  and 
quartz,  giving  low  assays.  Shipped  1050  tons  of 
ore  during  the  week,  showing  an  average  value  of 
$19.75  per  ton  by  battery  sample  assays. 

Ward  Combination  Shaft. — The  1800  level 
east  drift  is  out  356  feet;  the  face  continues  in  por- 
phyry. 

Chollar. — The  south  drift,  following  the  ore 
cut  in  the  750  level  east  cro=!scut,  80  feet  south  of 
the  north  line,  is  out  40  feet,  the  face  in  quartz, 
car  samples  assaying  from  $30  per  ton.  East.cross- 
cut  No.  I,  280  feet  south  of  the  north  line,  is  in  280 


feet,  the  face  in  porphyry.  East  crosscut  No.  2  is 
in  12  feet  in  quartz,  car  samples  assaying  from  $20 
to  $25  per  ton.  On  the  930  level  the  north  lateral 
drift  is  out  635  feet,  the  face  in  porphyry.  Ex- 
tracted 451  tons  of  ore,  battery  sample  assays  show- 
ing a  value  of  $23  per  ton. 

POTOSi. — On  the  930  level  the  winze  is  down  98 
feet.  The  bottom  is  in  clay  with  streaks  of  quartz 
assaying  from  $4  to  $10  per  ton.  The  raise  above 
that  level  is  up  128  feet.    The  roof  is  in  porphyry. 

Alpha.- — The  600  level  east  crosscut  is  in  62  feet 
and  continues  in  porphyry.  The  600  level  south 
drift  is  out  53  feet,  the  face  in  clay  and  porphyry. 

Exchequer.— The  600  level  north  drift  is  out 
271  feet,  and  continues  in  quartz  and  porphyiy. 

Con.  New  York. — The  650  level  west  drift  con- 
tinues in  low-grade  quartz.  The  960  level  south 
drift  is  in  low-grade  quartz. 

Scorpion. — The  southwest  drift  from  the  630 
level  shaft  station  is  advanced  330  feet  and  con- 
tinues in  porphyry. 

Imperial. — The  joint  Challenge-Confidence  800 
level  north  drift  is  out  160  feet  from  the  north  line  of 
the  South  Challenge;  the  face  continues  in  por- 
pbyty. 

Yellow  Jacket. — Shipped  490  tons  of  ore 
showing  average  assay  value  of  $22.25  by  battery 
sample  assays. 

Kentuck, — The  win2e  below  the  950  level  con- 
tinues in  ore. 

Crown  Point. — Shipped  during  the  week  791 
tons  of  ore,  showing  an  average  value  of  $22.48  per 
ton  by  pulp  assays.  A  raise  above  the  400  level  has 
connected  with  the  350  level  stopes. 

Confidence  and  Challenge. — The  raise  above 
the  300  level  is  up  73  feet,  the  top  in  low-grade 
quartz.  The  joint  Imperial  800  level  north  drift  is 
out  196  feet,  the  face  in  quartz. 

Belcher. — The  200  level  south  drift  is  out  295 
feet  and  continues  in  low-grade  quartz,  The  300 
level  west  crosscut  is  in  165  feet,  the  face  in  por- 
phyry. The  850  level  joint  east  crosscut  is  out  402 
feet,  the  face  in  soft  porphyry. 

Silver  Hill, — The  260  level  northeast  crosscut 
from  the  northwest  drift  continues  in  clay  and  por- 
phyry. The  i5o  level  south  drift  continues  in  por- 
phyry. 

Seg.  Belcher.— The  850  level  Belcher  joint  east 
crosscut  is  in  402  feet,  the  face  in  soft  porphyry. 

Justice, — During  the  week  crushed  190  tons  of 
ore  showing  a  value  of  $26.97  per  ton  by  battery 
sample  assays.  The  raise  above  the  622  level  con- 
tinues in  low-grade  ore. 

Alta. — The  ore  output  this  week  was  315  tons, 
showing  an  average  assay  value  of  $23,75  per  ton  by 
pulp  assays. 

Overman.— Shipped  220  tons  of  ore  during  the 
week  showing  an  average  value  of  $18.75  P^^  ^O"  **y 
battery  sample  assays.  The  northwest  drift  con- 
tinues in  low-grade  quartz. 

Oolumbus  District. 
Candelaria. — Cor.  Reese  River  Reveille,  May 
8:  This  is  a  fine  place  for  a  mining  town.  On  the 
northeast  it  is  well  protected  by  a  high  range  of 
hills  where  the  mines  are  situated  and  all  visible 
from  the  town.  On  the  southwest  is  a  gradual 
grade  into  the  valley,  and  several  roads  come  in 
from  this  direction.  There  is  no  timber  for  many 
miles.  The  main  street  for  business  is  a  fine  wide 
street,  three  blocks  on  each  side,  and  the  buildings 
are  in  close  connection  with  each  other  and  most  of 
the  business  places  have  fine  shade  trees  in  front. 
The  population  is  about  300  or  more.  There  are 
employed  in  the  mines,  at  present,  about  60  men. 
In  the  Mount  Diablo  and  Columbus  several  men 
were  discharged  a  few  days  ago,  and  none  have 
been  put  to  work  since.  So  much  for  the  boom. 
There  are  a  few  men  working  in  the  Holmes  mine. 
They  are  not  shipping  any  ore  to  the  mill,  which  is 
undergoing  repairs.  It  will  be  months  before  it  will 
be  in  operation.  There  are  many  *  men  idle  here 
who  have  worked  in  the«e  mines  for  years,  some  of 
whom  have  been  out  of  work  for  many  months.  The 
mill  at  Sodaville  is  to  be  put  in  order  to  work  the 
ores  from  this  place.  It  is  22  miles  from  here,  and 
the  railroad  takes  the  ore  there  in  bulk. 
Bureka  District;. 
Ore  Shipments.— 5£K^WfiA  May  9:  Following 
are  the  number  of  tons  of  ore  shipped  from  the 
mines  of  this  district  to  the  Eureka  Con.  reduction 
works  during  the  week:  From  the  Duuderberg 
mine,  185^  tons;  Lord  Byron,  11  tons;  Oriental 
and  Belmont,  3  tons;  Silver  Lick,  20^  tons;  Idaho, 
6%  tons,  and  Mineral  Hill,  a  tons.  The  E.  &  P. 
R.  R.  Co.  shipped  495  tons  of  ore  tn  Salt  Lake 
during  the  week  from  the  Diamond,  Bullwhacker, 
Colorado,  Richmond  and  Jackson  mines.  The  ore 
shipments  by  railroad  are  rapidly  increasing,  over 
600  tons  having  already  been  transported  out  of,  the 
camp  this  month.  Teams  wer«  sent  out  from 
here  a  few  days  ago  after  ore  from  Morey  and 
Hamilton.  It  is  by  no  means  improbable  that  if 
the  transportation  of  ore  over  the  E.  &  P.  railroad 
continues  to  increase,  a  daily  train  will  be  neces- 
sary. 

On  Strike,— The  tributers  in  the  Richmond 
mine  are  on  a  strike.  They  demand  60  per  cent 
instead  of  what  they  have  been  receiving.  Only 
two  men  are  at  work  in  the  mine. 

Jackrabbit  District. 
Day. — Pioche  Record,  May  3:      The  Yuba  Co.  is 
sending  a  force  of  miners  to  its  Day  mine  at  Jackrab- 
bit and  several  large   teams   have  been  engaged  to 
haul  the  ore  to  the  furnace. 

TuBcarora  District. 

Nevada  QuEEYi.— Times-Review,  Mayg:  North 
gangway  from  600-foot  level  station  of  North  Belle 
Isle,  has  been  advanced  2a  feet 

Navajo. — The  crosscut  from  the  north  gangway 
350  foot  level,  extended  8  feet.     Rock  very  hard. 

Grand  Prize,— 400-foot  level:  East  drift  on  the 
north  vein  extended  11  feet,  face  being  all  in 
vein  matter.  Face  of  west  crosscut  from  south  drift 
has  been  advanced  8  feet,  cutting  seams  of  quartz. 
Work  has  been  suspended  on  the  500-foot  levei, 

Bexle  Isle.-^No.  I  north  drift  from  Navajo  line 
crosscut,  250-foot  level,  extended  14  feet.  South  ■ 
drift  at  the  north  end,  same  level,  extended  7  feet, 
showing  some  good  ore.  South  drift  from  the  No. 
2  '  crosscut,  3So-foot  level,  extended  13  feet;  total 
length  58  feel.     The  face  is  now  in  ouartz. 

North  Belle  Isle. — North  gangway,  600-foot 
level,  has  been  extended  22  feet  The  face  is  in 
large  blocky  ground  showing  faces  of  spar  and  iron. 
West  crosscut,  same  level,  is  in  58  feet,  showing 
vein  matter  most  of  the  distance. 

North  Commonwealth. — Second  level:    Joint 


May  17,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


33^ 


crosscut  has  advanced  12  feet,  cuttiDS  seams  of 
spar.  No.  I  south  drift  extended  5  feet.  Chute 
has  been  put  up  in  No.  i  upraise,  and  work  resumed 
in  the  raise.  No.  3  south  dnft  has  been  started  100 
itxi  east  of  .No.  i.  It  was  started  on  ore  and  looks 
favorable. 

CoMMONWEALTR.  — First  level:  East  drift  on 
Oolan  vein  extended  3  feet,  total  200  feet.  The  ore 
in  face  of  drift  Is  small,  and  work  has  been  sus- 
pended until  crosscuts  can  be  run  to  prospect  the 
win;  crosscuts  now  in  20  feel.  No.  2  upraise  Ironi 
joint  crosscut  extended  upward  26  feet  in  vein  for< 
matjoa.  Two  hundred  and  eighty  tons  of  ore  have 
been  sent  to  the  concentrator;  105  tons  concen- 
trates, dry  weight,  on  hand. 

IJKI.  MiiN  I  K  has  sent  250  tons  conoentniltDg  ore 
to  the  concentrator. 

Tybo  District. 

To  PUKCHASB,— Belmont  Courur,  Mays:  It  is 
said  that  capitalists  will  soon  purchase  the  2-G  and 
Uiniick  mining  prop'rrties  at  Tybo.  With  the  judi- 
cious expenditure  of  money  these  properties  can  tje 
Qiade  to  pay  handsomely,  as  there  is  plenty  of  good 
ore  in  sight  in  the  2-G  and  Ma  Aha  mines.  W'c 
hope  to  soon  see  Tybo  a  prosperous  and  lively  min- 
inj;  camp  again. 

Yellow  Pine  District. 

A  Lead  Mine.— Pioche  A't-rt;/-./,  May  3:  Dick 
Iluddleston  having;  spent  the  winter  inonthsin  pros- 
pecting through  the  southern  section  of  the  county, 
is  sanguine  of  having  made  some  valuable  locations, 
among  which  may  be  mentioned  the  old  Potosi  mine 
\u  Timber  mountain.  Dick's  copartners  in  the 
claim  are  Chas.  Lytle,  Geo.  Warren,  E.  A.  Shear, 
Oliver  Rose  and  J.  L.  Hayes,  The  mine  was  located 
a  good  many  years  ago  and  was  worked  at  various 
times  by  different  parties.  The  mine  is  a  little 
mountain  of  almost  pure  lead,  but  as  it  carries  little 
silver  it  will  not  pay  to  ship  any  distance.  The  ad- 
vent of  a  railroad  through  that  section,  however, 
will  make  it  one  of  the  greatest  bullion-producers  on 
the  coast.  The  ore  on  the  dumps  is  variously  esti- 
mated at  from  200,000  to  300,000  tons. 

ARIZONA. 

Ore, — Mohave  Mimr.  May  10:  F.  F.  Brawn 
has  sent  several  sacks  ot  ore  to  the  Kingman  Samp- 
ling Works,  for  sampling  from  a  new  strike  in  the 
Gold  Ba.(;in.  J.  H.  Farlee  has  high  hope  that  he 
has  struck  an  ore-bearing  ledge  in  the  Grand  Can- 
yon, near  Diamond  Creek,  J.  D.  Smiley  came  in 
on  Wednesday  from  his  General  Harrison  mine  in 
Todd  Basm.  The  main  tunnel  is  in  140  feet,  and 
the  ore  is  looking  well.  H.  H.  Thomas  has  twelve 
men  at  work  on  the  Brown  mine,  at  Stockton  Hill. 
This  property  is  proving  better|than  ever  anticipated. 
A  boarding-house  has  been  erected  on  the  mine. 
The  following  lots  of  ore  have  been  received  at  the 
Kingman  Sampling  Works  during  the  week:  Un- 
capher  &  Finegan,  from  the  Homestake  mine,  at 
Mineral  Park,  18  or  ao  tons;  E,  F.  Thompson, 
from  the  Empire,  15  tons;  J.  K.  Mackenzie,  from 
the  Cupel,  30  tons;  Rogers  &  Canyos,  from  the 
Tintic,  about  one  carload;  H.  S.  Thomas  and  J. 
A.  Piatt,  from  the  Brown,  Stockton  Hill,  23  tons. 
A  number  of  smaller  lots  were  run  through  the 
Sampling  Works.  The  tunnel  connection  with  the 
main  workings  of  the  Little  Boy  mine  was  made 
last  week.  A  large  body  of  water  was  in  the  mine, 
which  suddenly  pushed  the  three-foot  wall  of  rock, 
which  held  it  back,  and  which  it  was  intended  to 
drill,  and  let  the  water  out  slowly,  and  carried  every- 
thing in  the  tunnel  and  at  the  mouth  before  it. 
Two  men  were  in  the  tunnel  at  the  time,  and  they 
had  a  narrow  escape  from  drowning.  Supt.  Con- 
ard  is  (delighted  with  the  completion  of  the  tunnel 
work. 

OOLOBADO. 

The  Monte  Cristo. — Aspen  Ttmes^  May  9: 
Col.  Morgan,  manager  of  the  Monte  Cristo,  has 
made  a  contract  with  Hillery  &  Thomas  to  bring 
down  from  10  to  ao  tons  of  ore  per  day  from  the 
property.  The  mine,  he  says,  now  shows  a  solid 
breast  of  ore  seven  feet  thick.  An  average  sample 
taken  Tuesday  night  ran  36.8  ounces  silver  and 
a6  per  cent  lead.  The  colonel  believes  that  he  can 
get  it  treated  for  S3- 50  per  ton.  This  mineral  was 
opened  in  drifting  from  the  old  Lake  tunnel,  and 
the  discovery  seems  to  bear  out  the  theory  that  the 
contact  there  rapidly  increases  in  value  as  it  dips 
into  the  earth.  The  developments,  however,  are 
yet  too  young  to  base  any  estimates  on. 

The  Aspen. — There  has  been  some  talk  on  the 
streets  for  a  few  days  past  of  a  lay-off  on  the  Aspen 
mine,  and  some  folks  have  found  in  the  report  an 
omen  of  evil.  The  fears  of  such  are  entirely 
groundless;  the  mine  has  not  closed  down,  neither 
has  it  laid  off  any  considerable  number  of  men. 
It  became  necessary  to  reline  the  shaft,  and  this 
necessitated  the  temporary  suspension  of  hoisting 
operations.  The  work  will  be  finished  in  two  or 
three  days  and  regular  shipments  will  be  resumed. 

DAKOTA. 

Custer's  Peak. — Deadwood  Pioneer,  May  6 
Prospectors  hate  found  refractory  ore  similar  to 
that  of  Ruby  at  the  foot  of  Custer's  Peak.  The  east 
side  of  the  bottom  of  the  mountain  has  been  com- 
pletely taken  up  by  locators. 

Ruby. — This  mining  distiict  never  had  a  better 
outlook  than  at  the  present  time.  Prospectors  are 
hard  at  work  seeking  for  the  refractory  ore  with 
which  this  district  abounds.  At  present  there  are 
more  private  claims  being  worked  than  properties 
owned  by  stock  companies.  The  Ross-Hannibal 
has  considerable  ore  on  its  dump  taken  from  the 
tunnel  being  driven  to  strike  the  old  shaft  in  which 
rich  silver  ore  was  found,  but  abandonpd  on  ac- 
count of  water.  Two  shifts  are  working.  Ernest 
May  is  working  a  force  of  men  on  the  Mark  Twain. 
The  Troy  Co.  is  drifting  from  the  bottom  of  the 
So-foot  shaft  sunk  last  year.  David  Arnold  has  the 
contract  and  is  working  two  shilts.  The  Thanks- 
giving will  resume  development  work  some  time 
this  month,  negotiations  being  made  with  parties 
to  thoroughly  develop  the  property,  which  consists 
of  five  claims.  Three  new  ore  chutes  have  been  re- 
cently struck  in  the  well-known  Hardscrabble  mine. 
The  ore  is  high  grade, 

IDAHO. 

Yrkka  District. — Wardner iV«i;j.  Mays:  Wm. 
Merry,  George  Gardner  and  Alonzo  Shankland  are 


busily  employed  developing  the  Silver  Queen  lode, 
one  of  the  claims  of  the  Silver  King  M.  Co.  on  Gov- 
ernment gulch.  Ihey  have  been  engaged  in  putting 
the  main  tunnel  in  shape  and  are  now  opening  up  a 
slope  of  good  concentrating  ore  in  one  of  the  upper 
levels. 

Big  Crkek.— Frank  Prichard  and  others  are  en. 
gaged  in  extending  iheir  tunnel  on  the  Myru  May 
lode,  located  on  the  north  side  of  South  Fork  near 
.Miner's  Cabin.  Considerable  work  was  done  on 
this  claim  during  the  early  days  of  the  camp,  and  a 
resumption  of  operations  shows  confidence  in  the 
property. 

Evui.UTiON  District.  —  H.  N.  Freeman  and 
Fred  Shoeder  keep  steadily  developing  their  claim 
on  Two  Mile  gulch,  known  as  the  Midnight  Their 
tunnel  is  in  80  feet  with  very  good  mdicitions  show- 
ing gray  copper  and  galena. 

Rosebud  Gui^cH.  —  Fred  Franks,  Chas.  Mead 
and  A.  L.  Scofield  have  commenced  running  a  sec- 
ond  tunnel  on  the  Knickerbocker,  an  extension  of 
the  Caeur  d'Al*"ne  Nellie.  ■ 

Waki»nek  Rau-koad.  —  a  party  of  engineers 
commenced  on  Thursday  a  survey  for  the  projeded 
railroad  down  Milo  gulch.  They  started  at  a  point 
.idjoining  the  concentrator  of  the  Bunker  Hill  and 
Sullivan  mines,  and  continued  their  line  down  the 
west  side  of  the  gutch. 

MONTANA. 

The  Anaconda  Opening.  —  Inter  AfoHnfnin, 
May  9:  The  work  of  reopening  the  Anaconda  and 
St.  Lawrence  mines  was  formally  started  last  night. 
The  bulkheads  had  been  taken  out  the  Sunday  be- 
fore and  the  work  of  exploring  that  portion  of  the 
mine  above  water  was  undertaken.  The  fact  of  this 
being  done  was  kept  carefully  a  secret  for  fear  of 
disappointment,  the  manager  says,  but  there  were 
too  many  interested  and  the  news  was  soon  public 
property.  It  also  soon  became  known  that  the 
mines  had  been  but  little  injured  by  flood  or  fire,  and 
when  it  was  made  public  that  the  pumps  were  draw- 
ing off  the  water  and  a  large  force  of  men  was  work- 
ing above  the  400,  the  supposition  generally  was 
that  ore  would  soon  begin  to  issue  from  these  great 
properties.  When  these  mines  were  first  entered 
the  water  was  found  to  have  risen  within  30  feet  of 
the  600-foot  level  of  the  Anaconda  and  the  St.  Law- 
rence. Above  these  points  every  level  on  both  sides 
has  been  thoroughly  explored  with  most  gratifying 
results.  Not  only  was  no  fire  discovered,  but  it  was 
learned  that  the  damage  by  fire  and  water  has  been 
trifling  compared  with  what  had  been  expected. 
The  magnificent  Anaconda  mine  is  in  nearly  as  fine 
condition  as  it  ever  was.  There  has  never  been  any 
fire  in  that  mine  and  a  thorough  exploration  has 
shown  that  there  have  been  no  caves.  As  to  the  St. 
Lawrence,  where  the  fire  actually  was,  the  damage 
is  trifling  compared  with  what  might  be  reasonably 
expected.  The  only  cave-in  is  on  the  500-foot  level 
and  that  is  of  small  importance.  Burned  timbers 
must  of  course  be  replaced,  but  Supt.  Carroll  gave  it 
as  his  opinion  that  the  sum  of  $5000  would  repair 
the  damage  and  place  both  mines  in  good  condition. 
Of  course  the  loss  to  the  company  by  the  closing  of 
the  mines  during  the  past  53^  months  cannot  be  eas- 
ily calculated,  but  the  direct  loss,  it  is  believed,  can 
be  covered  by  the  sum  mentioned.  It  is  about  two 
months  since  the  pouring  of  water  into  the  great 
mines  began.  The  water  was  not  turned  down  the 
shafts,  but  was  directed  chiefly  to  the  200-foot  level 
of  the  St.  Lawrence  by  the  north  shaft,  spreading 
itself  from  this  point.  The  process  was  most  suc- 
cessful, extinguishing  a  fire  that  might  have  burned 
for  years.  It  is  thought  a  month  will  be  amply  suf- 
ficient to  repair  all  damages  and  place  these  in  as 
good  condition  as  they  were  before  the  fire. 

NEW  MEZIOO. 

Another  Rich  Strike.  —  Southwest  Sentinel, 
May  6:  A  rich  strike  was  made  last  week  by  Ben 
Hobson  in  one  of  the  claims  belonging  to  the  Hob- 
son  group  of  mines  at  Blackhawk.  The  strike  un- 
covered a  body  of  fine  ore -some  of  which  will  run  $5 
per  pound.  The  ore  is  free  milling  and  carries  native 
silver  in  large  flakes,  which  can  be  extracted  from 
the  rock  with  a  knife.  Nat  Scarretl,  James  Corbin, 
J.  J.  Bell  and  the  other  owners  of  the  Pennsylvania 
and  Center  mines  at  Carlisle  have  leased  the  proper- 
ties to  John  A.  Miller,  Miller  taking  a  royalty  of  25 
per  cent,  the  owners  getting  75  per  cent.  Since  our 
last  issue  Mr.  Miller  obtained  a  lease  from  the  Car- 
lisle company  to  20  stamps  of  the  mill.  The  com- 
pany puts  the  mill  in  good  running  order. 

Struck  it  Rich.  —  Jack  McNefif  and  Yance 
Nicholson  have  taken  a  lease  on  the  Jim  Crow  mine 
at  Carlisle.  They  ran  a  crosscut  from  the  bottom 
of  the  shaft  and  struck  a  breast  of  three  feet  of  solid 
ore  which  averages,  across  the  lead,  $250  in  gold 
and  $1 14  in  silver.  This  breast  of  ore  was  found  at  a 
depth  of  60  feet.  The  ore  is  being  sacked  prepara- 
tory to  shipment.  John  Eply  and  R.  T.  Bailey  are 
the  fortunate  owners.  The  Imperial  is  the  west  ex- 
tension of  the  Jim  Crow  and  in  every  respect  like 
that  mine,  except  that  so  large  and  rich  an  ore  body 
has  not  been  found.  The  owners  intend  sinking  on 
the  end  of  the  claim  which  connects  with  the  Jim 
Crow  a  shaft  25  feet  deep  and  then  drift,  where  they 
expect  to  find  the  same  class  and  as  large  a 
body  of  ore  as  exposed  in  the  Jim  Crow. 

OREGON. 

Reduction  Works.  —  Baker  City  Democrat, 
May  5:  Yesterday  evening  E.  L.  Giroux,  manager 
of  the  Giroux  amalgamating  works,  foundry  and 
machine  shop  to  be  located  in  Baker  City,  arrived 
from  Portland,  and  his  trip  here  is  to  make  all  final 
arrangements  for  the  erection  of  the  plant  at  the 
earliest  possible  day.  The  company  that  he  repre- 
sents and  the  citizens  of  Baker  City  have  come  to  a 
definite  and  positive  understanding  and  contracts 
have  been  signed.  The  $25,000  subscribed  by  the 
people  to  stock  in  the  enterprise  has  been  placed  at 
the  disposal  of  the  company  and  now  all  that  re- 
mains to  be  done  is  for  the  company  to  make  a  se- 
lection of  the  site  upon  which  to  erect  the  plant,  and 
as  the  company  has  three  different  locations  under 
consideration  this  matter  is  only  the  work  of  short 
deliberation,  Mr.  Giroux  intends,  as  early  as  pos- 
sible, to  go  East,  where  he  will  select  the  proper  ma- 
chinery for  the  foundry  and  machine  shops.  Reduc- 
tion works  in  Baker  City  at  this  time  means  a  won- 
derful impetus  to  the  development  of  the  mines  not 
only  of  this  county,  but  of  Grant  and  Union  tribu- 
tary to  this  city, 


List  of  D.  S.  Patents  for  Pacific  Coast 
Inventors. 

Reported  by  Dewey  As  Oc,  Pioneer  Patent 
SoUolCors  for  Pacific  Coast. 

FOR  WEEK  ENDING  .MAV  6,   1890. 

437,149.— Apparatus  fob  Suuharinb  Exptx}R- 
ATION— Calvin  Brown,  S.  F. 

427.306-  — Device  i-oR  Measuring  Distancf.s— 
H.  Eruken,  Fi.  Lowell,  A.  T. 

427,168.— BehBottom  and  Brace— P.  G.  Ges- 
ford,  Jr.,  Napa,  CaL 

427.232.  — Hand-Tbuck— J.  Harps.  San  Fer- 
nando, Cal. 

427,185.— Street-Sweeping  Machine— S.  F. 
McDill,  S.  F. 

427,099.—  CoKK-Pt;LLER—  E.  D.  Middlekanff, 
Stockton,  Cal. 

427.11a.—  Fruit-Gatherer  —  H,  D.  Reaves, 
Montecito,  Cal. 

427."S  —Hook-Trim.ming Tool— A.M.  Roberts, 
Mitchell,  Ogn. 

427,197.— Carburetor— \V.  H.  Shannon,  Stock- 
ton, Cal. 

427,198.— Drier— E.  R.  Shaw,  S.  F. 

427.27S'— Dental  Elevator— Daniel  Siddall, 
The  Dalles,  Ogn. 

427,276.— Harrow— W.  T.  Steriing,  Enterprise, 
Ogn. 

427,204.— Telephone— J.  C.  H.  Stut,  S.  F. 

427.205.— Cable  Tightener  for  Cable  Rail- 
ways—J.  C.  H.  Stut,  S.  F. 

427,138.— Electric  Connector  for  Brake 
Hose— Warasley  &  Mcintosh,  Walla  Walla,  Wash. 

427,286.— Vehicle  Wheel  —  W.  S.  Wilson, 
Tombstone,  A.  T. 

The  lollowing  brief  list  by  telegraph,  for  May  13,  will 
appear  more  complete  on  receipt  of  mail  advices: 

California— Jamei  E.  Beacli,  Routler,  thrashing  ma- 
chine; Henry  B  Cory  (asiignor  of  one-half  to  A  W. 
Eames)  Los  AngeleB,  monkey  wrench;  Ernest  H.  Ches- 
terton, Lob  Angeles,  watHe-iroo  handle;  Lewis  M.  C.e* 
ment,  Oakland,   and  C.  O.  Watriss  and  L.  Hcynemann, 

5.  F.,  turntable;  Thomas  J.  Daniels  (aselgnor  to  Sperry 
&  Co.)  S.  F.,  machioe  tor  sewiiif,'  up  the  mouths  ot  filled 
bags;  Simeon  J.  Ford.  Placervllle,  car-coupling;  Hugo 
Gommini,  S.  F.,  combined  yarn  winder,  darner  and 
epool-stand;  William  C.  Hamilton,  San  Joae,  fruit-grader; 
Henry  0.  Hoper,  S.  F.,  tjpe-writing  machine  attach- 
ment; Frank  A.  HuntinatoD,  8.  F.,  cruBbing-mlll;  ,Iohn 
Maneou,  North  Bloomfield,  stump  extractor;  William  H. 
Masser,  Los  Angeles,  metallurgical  apparatus;  Jamrs 
W.  Mitchell,  S.  F.,  Ircrustation  preventive;  William 
Et.  Qulnan,  Pinole,  mixer  for  explosives;  Mathurin  C. 
RoIieQau,  S.  F  ,  street-sweeping  machine;  Joaeph  L. 
Stillman,  Fresno,  non-conductor  covering;  Hadwen 
Swain,  9.  F  .  delivery  or  iiy.finyerfor  printing  machines. 

Oregon— William   M.    Chamberlain,  Sheffield,  Ala.,  H. 

B.  Smith,  Maesachuaetts,  and  R.  L.  Warner,  Portland, 
vehicle  wrench. 

Washington— Joseph  Eidby  and  G.  W.  Reed,  Seattle, 
car-couplieg. 

NoTB.— Copies  of  U.  S.  and  Foreign  patents  furnished 
by  Dewey  &  Co.,  in  the  shortest  time  possible  (by  mail 
or  t«legraphio  order).  American  and  Foreign  patents 
obtained,  and  general  patent  business  for  Pacifio  Coast 
inventors  transacted  with  perfect  security,  at  reasonable 
rates,  and  m  the  shortest  possible  time. 

Notices  of  Recent  Patents. 

Among  the  patents  recently  obtained  through 
Dewey  &  Co. 'a  Scientific  Press  U.  S.  and 
Foreign  Patent  Agency,  the  following  are 
worthy  of  special  mention: 

Drier  —Elton  R.  Shaw,  aesignor  to  Moaher, 
Shaw  and  Craig,  S.  F.  No.  427,198,  DAted 
May  6,  1890.  Thia  is  a  drier  or  evaporator 
for  fruit,  vegetablea,  etc.  A  difficalty  in  this 
olasB  of  drlera  is  a  failure  to  dry  uniformly  in 
all  parts  of  the  drier,  a  neceasary  operation  to 
enable  the  material  nnder  treatment  to  emerge 
in  as  near  a  uniform  degree  of  dealocation  aa 
will  inanre  ita  proper  keeping  qualities,  color 
and  flavor.  This  drier  ia  intended  to  overcome 
thiB  diffioulty  aa  well  as  to  enable  the  operatora 
to  handle  their  work  with  facility  and  profit. 

Adjustable  Bed-Bottom  and  Brace.— Pres- 
ton G.  Geaford,  Napa.  No.  427,168.  Dated 
May  6,  1890.  This  invention  conaists  of  a 
aeries  of  diagonally  diapoaed  bars  croaaing  each 
other,  and  slotted  ao  aa  to  be  adjustable  to  each 
other  and  to  the  aldea  of  the  bed  to  which  they 
are  to  be  applied  ao  as  to  fit  within  any  given 
size,  and  to  serve  aa  a  brace  to  stiffen  the  bed. 
Thia  will  prevent  the  bed  from  twiating  and 
getting  out  of  place  when  being  moved  about 
the  fioor. 

Cable-Tightener  for  Cable  Railways.— J. 

C.  H.  Stut,  S.  F.    No.  427,205.     Dited  May 

6,  1890.  This  invention  relates  generally  to 
the  class  of  cable  railways.  It  conaists  essen- 
tially in  a  meana  whereby  the  alack  cablea  of  a 
cable  aystem  can  be  drawn  tight  while  the 
cable  ia  in  motion.  Though  the  invention  may 
be  applicable  to  different  arrangements  of  ca- 
bles, it  is  applicable  eapeoially  to  that  known  aa 
the  "windlass  system"  In  which  the  driving- 
sheave  has  a  certain  number  of  grooves,  say 
five  or  six,  and  the  follower-sheave  one  groove 
leas  than  the  driving-sheave,  ao  that  the  incom' 
ing  cable  goea  around  the  driving-sheave  first, 
and  thence  over  the  follower-aheave,  and  from 
this  back  and  forth  between  the  two  sheaves, 
and  finally  leads  off  from  the  driving-aheave  in 
the  engine-house  to  the  tube  under  the  street, 

Telephone.  —  J.  C.  H.  Stut,  S.  F.  No. 
427,204.  Dated  May  6,  1890.  The  object  of 
this  invention  is  to  make  the  telephone  small 
and  inexpenaive,  producing  a  large  volume  of 
sound  and  greater  variationa  in  the  undulations 
of  both  primary  and  aecondary  currenta,  so  that 
conversation  may  be  carried  on  over  a  greater 
distance,  and  inductiona,  leaks  and  resistances 
better  overcome.  It  consists  in  the  employ- 
ment of  a  confined  body  of  air,  oxygen  or 
other  gas,  which  combines  with  the  carbon 
when  a  current  of  electricity  passes  between 
the  oontaotSi  thereby  inoreasing  the  temperature 


and  decreasing  the  resistance  between  the  con- 
tact points  as  the  vibrations  increase  the  press- 
ure, and  decreasing  the  temperature  and  in- 
creasing the  resistance  as  the  pressure  deoreasea. 
This  is  effected  by  the  employment  of  an  air- 
tight case,  within  which  the  operating  mechan- 
ism of  the  telephone  la  contained,  and  in  which 
the  diaphragm  forms  a  portion  of  one  side. 
Within  this  case  is  contained  air  or  oxygen 
nnder  preasnre,  so  that  a  large  number  of  atoms 
of  oxygen  per  nnit  of  area  are  interposed  be- 
tween the  contacts.  The  variation  of  re- 
sistance to  the  eleotric  current  takes  place  in 
unison  and  harmony  with  the  sound-waves 
striking  the  diaphragm,  the  sound-waves  being 
thus  transformed  into  heat-waves  of  varying 
temperature  by  the  agency  of  the  eleotric  cur- 
rent between  the  contacts.  The  invention  fur- 
ther consists  of  certain  details  of  construction. 
Street  sweeping  Machine.  —  Samuel  F, 
MoDill,  S.  F.  No.  427.185.  Dated  May  6, 
1890.  This  machine  involves  the  employment 
of  brushes  and  elevators.  Ita  novelty  Hea 
mainly  in  the  number  and  relative  location  of 
the  etevatore.  The  brushes  are  located  at  the 
rear  of  the  machine.  They  sweep  the  dirt  into 
the  first  elevator,  which  carries  it  forwardly 
and  upwardly.  It  is  then  delivered  upon  a 
cross-carrier,  which  conveys  it  to  the  side  of 
the  machine  and  discharges  It  into  a  second 
elevator,  which  carries  it  upwardly  and  baok- 
wardly  along  the  side  to  the  rear  of  the  ma- 
chine, and  delivers  it  by  a  suitable  apout  into 
the  dump-wagon  which  drives  up  alongside. 
Thus  a  Bufficilent  elevation  Is  gained  and  the 
moat  convenient  point  of  dumping  ia  had. 
Another  point  of  novelty  lies  in  a  peculiar  ad- 
jnatable  gutter  bruah  adapted  to  automatically 
conform  itself  to  the  inequalitiea  of  the  curb 
and  gutter.  The  whole  machine  La  simple,  com- 
pact and  light  running. 

New  Incorporations. 

The  following  companies  have  been  incorporated, 
and  papers  filed  in  the  office  of  the  Superior  Court, 
Department  lo,  San  Francisco  : 

Sacramento  Electrical  Construction  Co., 
May  10.  Capital  stock,  jio.ooo.ooo.  Directors — 
W.  Gambs.  N.  B.  Lazard.  G.  W.  Daywali,  W.  R. 
Lett  and  W.  B.  Reynolds, 

California  Guild,  May  lo.  Object,  to  deal  in 
real  estate.  Capital  stock,  $10,000,000.  Directors — 
Isaac  Trurabo,  Alexander  Badlam,  A.  W.  Robinson, 
Richard  K.  Allen  and  C.  D.  Allen. 

Revenge  G.  M.  Co.,  May  10.  Location,  Siski- 
you Co.  Capital  stock,  $1,000,000.  Directors — 
Jabez  Howes.  J.  W.  Pew,  E.  L.  Campbell,  R.  S. 
Wheeler  and  R.  L.  Apple. 

Silverado  M.  Co.,  May  10.  Location,  Napa 
Co.  Capital  stock,  $10,000,000,  Directors — Isaac 
Trurabo,  Alexander  Bidlara,  Andrew  J.  Young, 
Daniel  Patten  and  M.  F.  Patten. 

Clinton  Cons.  M.  Co.,  May  10.  Capital  stock, 
$3,000,000.  Directors — Robert  Stevenson,  H.  Will- 
iam Dunvan,  D.  Guttmann,  J.  F.  HoUing  and 
F,  T.  Bennett. 

San  Jose  Construction  Co.,  May  13.  Capital 
stock,  $1,000,000.  Directors  —  W.  B.  Hickok, 
George  M.  Lee,  F.  B.  Pritchard,  George  M.  Cham- 
berlain and  J,  T-  Scoville. 

Stockton  Electric  Construction  Co.,  May 
13.  Capital  stock,  $1,000,000.  Directors — F,  E. 
Birge,  T.  E.  Curran,  A.  Humphrey,  G.A.  Koch  and 
J,  J.  Scoville. 

Bacon  Land  and  Improvement  Co.,  May  10. 
Capital  stock,  $500,000.  Directors — H.  D.  Bacon, 
F.  P.  Bicon,  F.  S.  Page,  Charles  M.  Berlin  and 
F.  A.  Berlin. 

Ooi  Agents. 

Our  FRiBNDa  oan  do  much  In  aid  of  our  paper  and  the 
cause  of  practical  knowledge  and  eclence,  ny  assisting 
AKcnta  In  their  labors  of  caovaasing,  by  lending  their  lo- 
Buenoe  and  encouraging  favors.  We  intend  to  send  nooe 
out  worthy  men. 

J.  C.  HoAG — San  Francisco. 

B.  G.  Bailbt— San  Francisco. 
Edwin  Tilden— San  Francisco, 
Samoel  Cliff — San  Luis  ObiBpo  Co. 

C.  J.  WAOa— ^an  Bernardino  Co. 

W.  W.  Thbobaldb— Lob  Angeles  and  Orange  Co'a. 

E.  B.  Taft— San  Joaquin  Co 

John  B.  Hill — San  Diego  Co. 

E.  H.  SciiABFFLB — Calaveras  Co. 

Prank  S.  Chapin— Colusa  and  Tehama  Go's, 

W.  B.  Frost— Merced  and  Stanialaud  Co's. 

Obo.  Wilsok — Sacramento  Co. 

T.  M.  Stackdb— Sierra  Co. 

H.  Kellby — Modoc  Co. 

H.  B.  Parker— Del  Norte  Co. 

Wm.  H.  HtLLBART — Oregon. 

H.  G.  PAR8ONB— Oregon, 

B.  G.  Huston— &f  on  tana. 


Successful  Patent  Solicitors, 

Ae  Dewey  &  Co.  have  been  in  the  patent  soliciting  busi- 
ness on  tills  Coast  now  for  so  many  years,  the  firm's  name 
is  a  well-lcnown  one.  Another  reason  for  its  popularity 
is  that  a  great  proportion  of  the  Pacific  Coast  patenta 
issued  by  the  Government  have  been  procured  tnrougli 
their  agency.  They  are,  therefore,  well  and  thoroughly 
posted  on  the  needs  of  the  progressive  industrial  classes 
of  this  Coast.  They  are  the  best  posted  firm  on  what 
has  been  done  in  all  branches  of  industry,  and  are  able 
to  judge  of  what  is  new  and  patentable.  In  thia  they 
bave  a  great  advantage,  which  is  of  practical  dollar  and 
cent  value  to  their  clieDts.  That  thia  is  understood  and 
appreciated,  is  evidenced  by  the  number  of  patents 
Issued  through  their  Soibmtifio  Pkbss  Patent  Agency  (9. 
Fi)  from  weeK  to  week  and  rear  to  year. 


Complimentary  Samples. 

PerBona  reoeiriog  tbla  paper  marked  are  re- 
qaeated  to  examine  its  contents,  term  of  aab- 
Boription,  and  give  It  their  own  patronage,  and 
as  far  as  practicable,  aid  in  oironlating  the 
journal,  and  making  its  value  more  widely 
known  to  others,  and  extending  its  influence  in 
the  oanse  it  faithfully  servea.  Subaoriptlon 
rate,  $3  a  year.  Extra  copies  mailed  for  10 
ceute,  if  ordered  booq  enough.  If  already  a 
•abaorlber,  please  show  the  paper  to  others. 


334 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Mat  17,  1890 


IQEGHAjMieAL  Progress. 


Russian  Sheet  Iron. 

Some  improvemeuta  appear  to  have  been 
patented  lately  in  the  East  for  the  manufaoture 
of  planiehed  or  "  Baeaiaa  iron." 

The  making  of  Kasaian  sheet  Iron  was  long  a 
mystery.  It  is  pretty  fairly  well  nnderatood  in 
this  country  now,  though.  Probably  Ameri- 
can manufactarera  were  never  ao  baffled  at  any- 
thing as  they  have  been  for  yeara  paat  in  trying 
to  fiad  oat  how  planished  sheet  iron,  such  as 
looomotivea  are  covered  with,  was  mannfact> 
ared  in  certain  iron  works  in  the  realms  gov* 
erned  by  the  great  White  Tsar.  They  sent 
spies  abroad,  furnished  with  plenty  of  money 
for  carrying  on  reaearcheB.  They  went — i(  re- 
ports are  true — themaelvea.  They  tried  every 
kind  of  art  known  to  commercial  diptomacy,' 
but  all  in  vain.  No  one  could  find  oat  how 
BuBiian  iron  waa  made.  America,  for  once, 
had  to  oonfeas  herself  beaten  in  a  great  techni- 
oological  prooeea. 

Workingmen,  foremen,  and  upper  mechanics 
were  bitten  with  the  craze.  Nambers  of  auch 
— if  the  stories  current  in  iron-making  circles 
are  to  be  trusted — turned  the  whole  of  their 
little  poasessioDs  into  cash  and  went  off  for  a 
sojourn  in  the  Mascovy  to  try  and  ferret  out  the 
much'coveted  secret.  Howsoever  craftily  they 
went  about  their  busineaa,  howsoever  well  they 
tried  to  disguise  themaelvea,  they  invariably 
returned  home  very  little  wiser  than  they  went. 

At  length,  however,  by  dint  of  varioua  odd 
pieces  of  information  that  had  been  learned 
from  those  who  had  been  abroad  in  the  quest, 
and  by  dint  of  exhaustive  researches  made  on 
the  Buhject  in  acientific  laboratories,  a  clue  be- 
gan to  oe  arrived  at  in  the  matter.  There  are 
people,  well  informed,  to  be  found,  it  is  true, 
who  persist  that  the  trae  secret  is  still  confined 
to  Kisaia.  This  is  a  mistake,  though  it  is  true 
that  a  great  deal  of  Rassian  iron  ia  etill  im- 
ported.    Nevertheless,  cne  process  is  known. 

Some  interest  will  perhaps  be  felt  by  our 
readers  in  a  short  accouot  of  it. 

The  aim  of  the  process  may  be  eatd  to  be  the 
removal  ot  the  coating  of  oxide  of  iron  that  in- 
variably forms  over  the  surface  of  all  Iron 
sheets,  and  the  preservation  of  the  true  iron 
flurface  in  a  way  calculated  to  withstand  air 
and  moisture.  The  process  itself  ia  carried 
out  by  reheating  sheets,  of  Number  One  ma> 
terial,  with  a  layer  of  charcoal  that  has  been 
shaken  over  them  from  a  linen  bag.  The  action 
of  the  charcoal,  or  carbon,  Is,  of  course,  to 
combine  with  the  oxygen  in  the  oxide  and  re- 
dace  the  latter  to  metallic  iron. 

A  species  of  Kusslan  iron  can  be  made  in 
this  way.  S^ill  it  is  only  a  species — only  a 
paeudo  kind  of  thing.  Now  oomes  the  secret  as 
to  making  the  legitimate  article. 

First  of  all,  it  may  be  aaid  that  the  above  is 
only  an  account  of  the  most  salient  chtmical 
points  in  the  process.  Here  are  some  ot  the 
m'chanical  details.  They  are  mentioned  for 
those  who  may  take  some  special  interest  in 
reading  them.  According  to  one  Michael 
Necolawich — a  refugee  who  visited  some  iroo 
works  recently  at  Pittsburg  and  profeeatd  him- 
self familiar  with,  at  least,  the  mecbanicil  de- 
partment in  dressing  Russian  sheets,  refined 
iron  sheets  are  taken  in  making  Rusaian  iron. 
This  is  hammered  under  a  tilt  hammer  into  nar- 
row slabs,  calculated  to  produce  a  sheet  of  iron 
56x28  inchea,  weighing,  when  finished,  from  6 
to  12  pounds.  Theae  slabs  are  put  into  the  re- 
heating furnacee,  heated  to  a  red  beat  and 
rolled  down  in  three  operations  to  somethiog 
like  a  sheet.  This  must  again  be  hammered  to 
reduce  its  thickness,  and  to  receive  the  glance 
or  polish.  A  number  of  these  sheets,  having 
been  again  heated  to  a  red  heat,  have  charcoal, 
powdered  into  as  fine  a  powder  as  possible, 
Bhaken  between  them  from  the  bottom  of  a 
linen  bag.  The  pile  then  reoelvea  a  covering 
and  a  bottom  in  the  shape  of  a  eheet  of  thicker 
iron,  and  is  placed  under  a  heavy  hammer;  the 
bundle  is  grasped  with  tonga  by  two  men,  and 
is  pushed  backward  aod  forward  by  them,  so 
that  every  part  may  be  well  hammered.  So 
BOon  as  the  redness  goes  o£F,  the  sheets  are  fin- 
iehed,  so  far  as  that  part  of  the  operation  goes. 
Now  they  have  received  some  of  the  polish. 
They  are  heated  and  treated  differently  in  this 
respect,  but  instead  of  having  the  layer  of  pow- 
dered charcoal  placed  between  them,  each  two 
red-hot  sheets  have  a  cold-ficiahed  sheet  put 
between  them  and  again  hammered.  Alter 
this  process  they  are  fialshed,  so  far  as  the 
thickneas  and  glance  goes.  The  sheets  are 
thrown  down  separately  to  cool,  after  which 
they  are  taken  to  the  shears,  placed  on  a  frame 
of  the  proper  size  and  trimmed.  After  being 
weighed  they  are  rolled  into  firsts,  seconds  and 
thirds,  according  to  their  polish  and  freedom 
from  spots  and  fiaws,  A  first-class  sheet  must 
be  like  a  mirror,  without  a  spot  on  it,  the 
same  as  can  be  seen  on  the  jicket  of  a  locomo- 
tive boiler.  Four  heats  are  required  to  finish 
the  sheets.  -Bsaldea  the  finished  sheet,  a  quan- 
tity of  what  are  called  red  sheets  are  made, 
which  are  not  polished  and  do  not  undergo  the 
last  operation. 

The  main  chemical  secret  as  to  making  the 
true,  bona  fide  Russian  article,  has  been  pro- 
tected recently  by  American  lettera-patent. 
Therefore  there  cannot  be  anything,  as  it  were, 
out  of  Court,  in  mentioning  it.  The  true  se- 
cret lies  In  uBing  lead  In  coujunction  with  the 
oharooal.  This  tenda  to  oxidize  in  the  beating 
fnrnaoe.  To  get  oxygen  it  reduces  the  oxide  of 
iron.    Afterward  the  plambio  oxide,  combined 


with  some  metallic  lead,  enters  the  pores  of  the 
iron  and  produces  the  body  which  it  was  de- 
sired to  produce.  Of  course,  there  are  many 
details  that  have  to  be  observed  in  applying 
the  lead.  It  has  to  be  reduced  to  a  very  thin 
condition  for  one  thing.  The  details,  though, 
need  not  be  gone  into  here.  What  we  have  in 
the  main  to  insist  on  is  that  Americans  have 
found  out,  according  to  the  most  reliable  in- 
formation we  can  obtain,  how  at  length  to  ac- 
complish what  haa  baffled  American  metallar- 
gists  ao  long. 

Undoubtedly  there  w  still  a  great  deal  of 
"American-Russian  iron" — a  second-rate  arti 
ole — in  the  market.  Every  machinist  and  work- 
ing mechanic  knows  that.  He  knows  it  by 
having  to  deal  with  it  constantly.  It  is  used 
not  only  for  locomotivee,  but  for  furnaces, 
stoves  and  what  not.  Still  this  does  not  go  to 
invalidate  what  we  say.  The  real  thing  is  ex- 
pensive to  prodace.  From  that,  and  some 
other  canaes,  the  imported  article  is  enabled  to 
hold  its  own  pretty  well.  The  main  point  to 
remember,  though,  is  that  home  producers  are 
\n  &  position  to  manufacttire  first-class  plan- 
ished iron,  if  commercial  and  other  reasons 
should  cause  them  to  aee  fit  to  do  so. —  West- 
ern Machinist. 


Improvement  in  Utilizing  Iron  Sands. 

Lite  iniorm^tiLiD  fruui  NeM  Z  aland  stages 
that  an  improved  method  of  finxing  the  iron 
sand  which  abounds  on  the  west  coast  there  has 
been  diacovered.  Every  one  who  is  acquainted 
with  the  commercial  resources  of  Njw  Z  aland 
is  aware  that  it  possesses  on  the  c0:ist  immense 
stores  of  iron  sand  of  remarkable  rlcbneBs. 
Hitherto  no  economical  method  of  secur- 
ing a  fi.QX  of  thati  sand  has  been  discov- 
ered, altbough  large  quantities  of  these  sandf 
have  been  worked  evtn  at  the  great  cost  en- 
countered in  consequence  of  the  superior  qual- 
ity of  the  iron  thuu  obtained.  E^cperimeauB  ol 
this  kind  have  also  been  made  in  this  city, 
near  which,  along  the  Pacific  Ooast  line, 
large  quantities  of  iron  sand  are  known  to  exist. 

The  British  Manufacturer^  in  noticing  this 
alleged  discover) ,  says  : 

Authorities  agree  that  if  the  valuable  min- 
eral sand  there  found  could  be  brought  into 
commercial  aae.  New  Zealand  would  at  once 
become  one  of  the  most  important  iron-produc- 
ing countriee  in  the  world.  It  is  not  surpris- 
ing, therefore,  that  the  announcement  of  the 
alieged  discovery  has  oreated  a  very  great  sen- 
sation. 

The  statemeQt  is  that  MoBBrs.  Minall  &  Jones 
have  discovered  a  process  which  they  are,  of 
course,  keeping  secret  until  it  has  been  pro- 
tected by  patent.  Some  hesitation  is  evinced 
in  accepting  the  truth  of  this  report.  That  a 
flux  is  in  existence  ia  well  known.  That,  how- 
ever, ia  not  snfflclent;  it  must  be  economical, 
and  the  accounts  received  from  New  Zealand 
give  no  indications  of  the  cost  at  which  this 
sand  can  be  naed.  It  is  not  a  question  of  prac- 
ticability but  of  expense,  and  what  is  required 
to  make  New  Z  ^aland  an  important  iron 
center  is  that  an  economical  fiux  should  be  dis- 
covered . 

A  abort  time  ago  Bomething  was  heard  in 
London  of  a  company  which  was  to  test  the 
netroleum  deposits  and  the  iron  sand  of  New 
Z  aland,  but  it  waa  subarquently  stated  that  so 
tar  no  economical  available  means  of  dealing 
with  the  iron  sand  had  been  discovered.  There- 
fore, until  Ithere  is  clear  evidence  that  aome 
one  cannot  only  deal  with  the  iron  sand,  but 
deal  with  it  economically,  all  reports,  as  the 
one  now  to  hand,  will  be  received  here  with  a 
good  deal  of  akepticisra. 


An  Alarm  for  Hot  Bearings.— Christian 
A^e^skov  ot  Copenhagen,  D ^nm  .ri£,  has  devised 
an  alarm  for  hot  bearings,  which  it  is  claimed 
will  be  both  effective  aud  useful.  The  idea 
embodied  is  to  arrange  an  explosive,  in  associa 
tion  with  certain  chemicals,  so  that  a  certain 
degree  of  heat  will  cause  the  explosion  and 
warning  before  the  heat  reaches  a  destructive 
stage.  A  small  sheet  of  aheet-metal — some- 
thing like  a  cartridge-shell — is  filled  about  half- 
way to  the  open  top  of  the  explosive.  A  par 
affiae  globular  capsule,  hollow  inside,  ie  filled 
with  sulphuric  acid  and  sealed.  This  globule 
is  laid  on  top  of  the  explosive,  and  a  mixture 
of  chlorate  of  potash  and  angar  is  filled  in  all 
around  it;  then  a  stopper  or  plug  of  cork  or 
rntbdr  ia  put  in,  sealing  the  cartridge..  A  hole 
is  drilled  in  the  box  or  bearing  and  the  cartridge 
set  In.  Should  the  bearing  run  dry,  the  beat 
will  melt  the  parafflne  capsule,  letting  the  aul- 
pharic  acid  come  in  contact  with  the  chlorate 
and  sugar  mixture,  which  will  immediately  ex- 
plode the  cartridge,  causing  a  loud  detonation 
and  a  light  and  volume  of  smoke,  so  that  atten 
tion  ia  immediately  called  to  the  condition  of 
the  bearing.  This  invention,  it  is  claimed,  has 
wonderful  merit,  and  has  been  patented  in  many 
of  the  European  countries. 


Compressing  Liquid  Steel,  —  Some 'time 
sinco  a  Frencn  ph>8.ci8t  discovered  that  steel 
was  strengthened  by  being  compressed  while 
in  a  liquid  condition,  and  Messrs.  Krupp  of 
Essen  are  now  producing  sound  steel  ingots 
under  preaaare.  The  pressure  ia  applied  in  a 
very  novel  fashion.  The  steel  is  poured  into 
the  ingot  molds,  Tphich  are  then  hermetically 
sealed,  and  liquid  carbonic  acid  is  introduced 
into  the  top  of  the  mold.  The  heat  of  the 
molten  metal  evaporates  the  acid,  and  the 
oonfined  gaa  exerts  a  very  high  pressure  upon 
the  metal, 


SeiENTiFie  Frogress. 


The  Fear  of  Death. 

The  first  element  in  tne  fear  of  death  ie  an 
idea  of  physical  pain.  It  ia  nfttural  that  thia 
should  be  connected  with  the  Idea  of  death,  for 
in  many  cases  intense  pain  precedes  death.  But 
the  two  are  far  from  being  Invariable  accompa- 
niments. Intense  pain  may  be  followed  by 
life  as  well  as  by  death.  We  mast  distinguiBh 
between  the  fear  of  pain  and  the  fear  of  death, 
Daath  may  be  painless.  Fain  and  death  do  not 
stand  In  the  relation  of  cause  and  effect.  One 
IB  sometimes  the  preceding  condition  of  the 
other,  but  not  a  cause.  Besides  thiB,  the  fact 
must  be  recognized  that  death  is  but  a  point  of 
time — an  iubtant,  a  second — and  that  neither 
the  preliminary  process  nor  the  immediate  dis- 
solution is  constantly  attended  by  piin.  Even 
the  worat  death  may  be  welcomed  as  bringing 
a  release  from  suffering.  So  let  us  thrust  asida 
the  notion  of  pain  and  keep  carefully  separated 
from  it  the  fear  of  death. 

Second,  is  the  idea  of  the  mystery  of  the 
change.  Lst  as  keep  closely  in  mind  what 
death  is — tt  la  an  instantaneoas  change,  Oae 
moment  was  life,  the  next  waa  not  life.  Ooe 
instant  was  the  exercise  of  vital  energiea,  the 
next  their  total  stoppage.  One  second,  one 
was  with  this  world;  the  next,  he  is  gone  from 
it  forever.  Thia  myatery,  unlike  pain,  is  in- 
separabJe  from  death  and  the  idea  of  death. 
Ooe  cannot  think  of  death  and  not  think  of  the 
mystery  of  the  change  and  the  loneaomenesB  of 
it.  Every  one  ban  to  encounter  It  for  and  by 
himeelf. 

Third,  is  the  idea  of  that  which  Is  beyond 
death.  This  idea  also  is  inseparable  from  the 
contemplation  of  the  change.  Whether  one 
believes  in  a  life  beyond  the  grave  or  in  annihl 
lation,  makes  no  difference.  There  is  some- 
thing beyond,  and  the  dread  of  that  mystery 

"Puzzles  the  will. 
And  mak'-s  us  rather  bdar  those  ills  we  have 
Than  tlj'  to  otherd  that  we  kuow  uot  of." 

All  these  three  ideas  are  connected  with 
death;  and  yet  the  change  Ib  one  that  is  being 
encountered  every  day.  There  are  few  who 
have  not  seen  one  die.  It  is  a  matter  of  gen- 
eral knowle<ige  that  the  number  of  death  beds 
where  the  one  who  was  experiencing  the  change 
has  been  unnerved  is  very  small.  The  dying 
one  is  not  moved  by  his  loneliness.  He  does 
not  weep  at  the  aeparation.  What  grief  he 
does  manlfeat  ia  niore  for  those  who  are  left 
than  for  himself  who  ia  going.  Whether  a 
we&kened  vitality  blunta  his  sensibilitieB,  or 
whether  he  Is  prepared  for  the  last  great  change 
by  uuuaaal  strength,  matters  not.  There  is 
the  fact,  when  the  dying  man  comes  to  die,  at 
the  real  and  very  decisive  moment  he  has  no 
fear  of  death. 


Perils  of  Scientific  Ballooning— The 
Highest  Ascent — The  moat  rum^trkdble  ot 
Mr.  Gr  aiaher's  balloon  ascents  waB  that  under- 
taken on  Sept.  5,  1862,  from  Wolverhampton. 
The  intention  was  to  reach  the  greatest  bight 
possible.  The  balloon  left  the  ground  at  a  few 
minutea  past  one  o'clock,  and  at  the  end  of  45 
mioutea  a  bight  of  five  miles  wai  reached.  Mr. 
Grlaisher  began  to  grow  taint  on  account  of  the 
rarefaction  of  the  air.  When  half  a  mile  more 
had  been  mounted,  he  lost  the  use  of  hia  handa 
and  limb9,  the  temperature  being  5°  Fihr,,  and 
the  bight  of  the  barometer  onl>  9^  inches.  A 
few  moments  afterward  he  fell  baci£  insensible 
in  the  car.  His  companion,  Mr.  Coxwell,  who 
had  been  employed  as  aeronaut,  here  attempted 
to  stop  the  ascent  by  pulling  the  valve-rope;  but 
this  had  become  tnisted  on  account  of  the 
rotary  motion  of  the  balloon.  It  was  necessary 
to  climb  up  into  the  rigging  to  disentangle  it, 
Oa  attempting  to  come  down,  he  foand  hia 
handa  frozen  and  insensibility  beginning  to 
creep  over  him.  Placing  his  arms  on  the  ring, 
he  (iropped  down  into  the  car.  After  several 
ineffectual  efforts  he  succeeded  in  citchiog  the 
valve-rope  with  hia  teeth,  and  by  dipping  hia 
head  a  few  times  he  caused  the  escape  of  enough 
gas  to  make  the  balloon  take  a  decided  tarn 
downward.  Mr.  Glaisher  soon  recovered  and 
resumed  his  observations  upon  the  instruments. 
Daring  the  few  moments  before  he  became  in- 
sensible, the  balloon  had  been  rising  at  the  rate 
of  1000  feet  per  minute.  Thirteen  minutes  of 
ins&Dsibitity  followed,  and  the  rate  of  descent 
waB  found  to  be  2000  feet  per  minute.  A  mini- 
mum thermometer  Indicated  that  the  lowest 
temperature  attained  was  -11.9"  Fahr.,  and 
Mr.  Coxwell  observed  the  lowest  barometer  to 
be  7  inches.  Theee  data  warranted  the  con- 
elusion  that  the  maximum  elevation  had  been 
37,000  feet,  or  7  milea.  The  first  3  milea  of 
descent  were  accomplished  in  9  minutes.  The 
balloon  was  then  checked  by  throwing  out  bal- 
last, bat  the  ground  was  reached  in  safety, 
about  100  minutes  after  the  departure  frooi 
Wolverhampton. — London  Iron, 

Early  Globes. — Atlas  of  Libya  is  said  to 
have  discovered  the  use  of  globes,  aLd  Greek 
aad  Roman  writers  made  several  allusions  to 
them.  The  celestial  preceded  the  terrestrial 
globe  by  many  centuries.  The  oldest  globe  in 
existence,  dating  from  1070,  is  now  at  Florence, 
and  though  less  than  eight  inchea  in  diameter, 
givea  1015  stars.  Five  metallic  globes  made  by 
the  Arabian  astronomers  in  the  Tthirteenth 
century  are  still  preserved,  one  belonging  to 
the  British  Royal  Aitronomical  Society.  The 
terrestrial  globe  appears  to  date  from  1492 
The  first  map  on  which  America  appears  waa 


found  among  the  papers  of  Leonardo  da 
Vinci  at  Windsor  Caatle,  and  ae  it  ia  drawn  in 
eight  gores,  it  aeems  to  have  been  intended  as 
a  globe.  The  next  terreatrial  globe  of  interest 
was  that  completed  by  Mercator  in  1541,  hav- 
ing a  diameter  of  16  inches.  Varioua  others 
succeeded,  until  in  1592  Mollyneux  constrnoted 
several  enlarged  and  improved  globes  26  inohea 
in  diameter,  differing  but  little  from  modem 
globes  except  in  geography.  One  of  these  still 
remains  in  the  library  of  the  Middle  Temple, 
London.  About  the  time  Mollynenx'a  work 
was  done,  fines'  Treatise  on  the  Giubea  was 
published  in  L^tin,  and  qaickly  went  through 
many  editions  and  translations.  It  haa  just 
been  reprinted  In  English. 

The  Ancient  and  the  Modern  Foot — 4. 
notii;eabib  tumg  aoout  tne  staiuon  Ituna  lu  our 
museums  of  art,  supposed  to  represent  the  per- 
fect figures  of  ancient  men  and  women,  ia  the 
apparently  disproportionate  size  of  their  feet. 
We  moderns  are  apt  to  pronounce  them  too 
targe,  partionlarly  those  of  the  women.  It  will 
be  found,  however,  that  for  symmetrical  per- 
fection these  feet  could  not  be  better,  A  Greek 
sculptor  would  not  think  of  auch  a  thing  as 
patting  a  9*inch  foot  on  a  5ifoot  woman.  The 
types  for  these  clasaioal  marble  figures  were 
taken  from  the  moat  perfect  forms  of  living 
persons.  Uaquestionably  the  human  foot,  as 
repreaentea  by  these  old  aculptorB,  was  larger 
than  the  modern  one;  and  in  fact  the  primitive 
foot  of  all  people  of  whom  we  have  any  record, 
either  in  printing  or  statuary,  waa  considerably 
larger  than  the  reatricted  foot  of  modern  times. 
The  masculine  foot,  forming  an  approximate 
average  of  four  different  conntriea,  was  about 
12  inchea  long;  this  would  require  at  least  a 
No.  12  or  12^  shoe  to  cover  it  oomfortably. 
The  average  masculine  foot  to-day  is  easily 
fitted  with  a  No.  S^  shoe,  and  is  therefore  not 
above  10  7  16  of  bn  inch.  Now,  by  the  old 
sculptural  rule  of  proportion,  a  man  5  feet  9 
inches  in  bight  should  have  a  foot  11^  inches 
long,  or  one-sixth  hia  hight.  It  was  ot  no  great 
consequence  what  size  sandal  he  wore,  but  he 
would  have  required  a  modern  ahoe  of  at  least 
a  No.  IP^  for  a  minimum  fit,  or  a  No.  11  for  real 
comfort.  For  women,  allowing  for  the  difference 
in  the  relative  size  of  the  two  aexea,  which  waa 
about  the  aame  then  as  now,  a  woman  of  5  feet  3 
tnches  in  bight  would  have  had  a  foot  ten  inches 
long,  rt  quiring  a  modern  shoe — it  ought  to  be 
apoken  only  in  a  whisper — No.  6  aa  the  most 
comfortable  for  that  foot,  or  a  No.  5^  aa  the 
limit  of  torture.  The  reason  for  the  ditference 
between  the  old  classical  foot  and  the  modern 
one  is  obvious — restriction  is  what  has  done  it. 


Signing  a  Check  by  Electricity, — One  of 
the  marvels  of  '^leccrlcity,  and  one  of  the  moat 
striking  of  the  Edison  exhibits  at  the  Paris  Es- 
position,  was  the  little  instrument  which  en- 
ables the  operator  to  sign  a  check  100  miles  dis- 
tant. The  writing  to  be  tranamitted  is  im- 
nresaed  on  soft  paper  with  an  ordinary  atylus. 
This  is  mounted  on  a  cylinder,  whioh,  as  it  re- 
volves', *' makes  and  breaks  "  the  electric  cur- 
rent by  means  of  the  varying  indentations  on  the 
paper.  At  the  receiving  end  of  the*  wire  a 
similar  cylinder,  moving  in  accurate  synchron- 
lam  with  the  other,  receives  the  current  on  a 
chemically  prepared  paper,  on  whioh  it  tran- 
scribes the  signatures  in  black  letters  on  a 
white  ground. 

India  Rubber — Hanry  M.  Stanley,  in  an 
inteivicw  with  a  New  York  Herald  corre- 
apondent,  said  that  the  Aruwimi  foreat,  which 
belonga  to  the  Congo  Free  State,  waa  enor- 
mously richer  in  everything,  eapecially  in  rob- 
ber treea,  than  the  Amazon  forests.  This  sec- 
tion of  Africa,  he  declared,  would  be  the  rub- 
ber reservoir  of  the  world.  Thia  is  certainly 
encoaraging  for  American  wire  manufacturers 
who  use  rubber  in  their  inaulation.  Such  a 
atatement  from  ao  reliable  an  authority  ought 
to  have  a  Balutary  effect  on  the  market  price 
of  robber. 


Liquid  Masse*.— Herr  W.  Spring  haa  found 
that  the  free  aurlace  of  a  liquid  ia  chemically 
more  active  than  its  internal  mass.  To  show 
this,  he  puta  into  dilute  hydrochloric  aoid  a 
slab  of  marble  slightly  thickened  at  its  upper 
end  so  as  to  form  a  resting-place  for  bubblcB; 
where  the  bubbles  gather,  the  marble  is  very 
rapidly  eaten  through.  So  also  on  blowing  air 
on  any  apot;  and  ao  on  patting  a  slab  partly 
within  and  partly  outside  the  liquid. 

Humboldt  in  Fault  — The  expedition  of 
the  Pmiadelphia  Academy  of  Natural  Sciences 
to  Mexico  haa  resnlted  in  exploding  some  very 
erroneous  ideas  in  regard  to  the  hight  of  Mex- 
ican volcanoes.  They  found  Popocatepetl  to  be 
nearly  3000  feet  lower  than  the  measurements 
of  Humboldt.  The  total  hight  of  the  mount- 
ain, making  allowance  for  minor  barometric 
corrections.  Is  14,700  feet  above  the  aealerel. 


A  New  Chemical  Manure.  —  M.  ViUe,  a 
professor  of  chemiatry  in  Paris,  states  that  be 
has  discovered  a  new  chemical  manure — intense 
and  almost  miraculous  in  its  effects  on  the  vine. 
It  consists  of  a  mixture  of  phosphate  of  lime, 
catbonate  of  potash,  and  sulphate  of  lime, 
which,  if  placed  round  vine-growths,  will  enable 
them  to  defy  the  onalaoghts  of  the  phylloxera. 

Ot^one — Olzwiski,  the  Russian  phyeiciat,  haa 
succeeded  in  liqaefying  suffioient  rzone  to  de- 
termine the  boiling  point,  which  is  159  Fahren- 
heit. The  I'quid  ozone  is  dark-blae  in  color, 
and  Is  nearly  opaque  in  a  layer  of  a  tenth  of  an 
Inoh  thick. 


May  17,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press, 


335 


SOOD   HEj^LTH, 


Medicinal  Value  of  Olive  OH   for 
Snake-Bites.  Etc. 

Id  onr  issne  of  Aprtt  12. h  we  gave  some  ao 
ooant  of  the  treatment  of  enake-bite  by  the 
aaa  of  oIlTe  oil  m  practiced  by  (J.  K.  Karley, 
M.  I).,  of  Ridgeway,  Pa.  That  geDtleman 
baviug  received  that  copy  of  our  paper  cod* 
taioiDg  the  arttole,  writes  oe  as  followe: 

**  The  copy  of  your  joarnal  oontainiog  a 
■tatement  of  my  treatmenc  of  snakebite  by  the 
use  of  olive  oil  came  to  hand.  I'leaae  accept 
my  tbanka  for  your  klndneaa  in  aendiog  me  a 
copy.  In  your  statement  a  Uaipoo-»ful  is 
f(tveo  aa  the  do«e.  It  shoald  be  given  in  ta- 
bUnpoonful  doeea^  and  tio(  leu,  and  repeated 
every  few  minutes  till  the  bowels  are  freely 
moved.  A  half-drzen  doses  are  generally  all 
that  ia  rcqaired.  Toe  wound  should  also  at 
onoe  be  auarlfied  and  packed  with  the  olive  oil, 

"  Olive  oil  La  also  a  Kure  remedy  for  gall'Stones 
If  eiven  freely.  We  have  used  it  freely  in 
praotioe  and  it  has  proved  entirely  satisfactory; 
we  use  none  other  than  the  pure  virgin  oil. 
We  have  it  imported  in  original  packages  from 
the  manufacturers. 

**  In  batmorrhoids,  or  piles,  of  long  standing, 
we  use  it  with  wine  by  the  mouth  and  as  an 
lojeotion  combined  with  chloride  of  sodinm, 
boraoio  aoid  or  salpho-oarbolate  of  sodium  and 
laudanum.  We  always  use  it  in  saake-bites 
and  it  has  never  failed.  (My  practice  has  been 
very  extensive.)  I  have  never  directed  any 
other  treatment.  The  iDhabitante  of  local  ions 
where  rattlesnakes  and  copperheads  are  found 
always  keep  a  good  supply  of  olive  oil  in  their 
houses,  and  when  bitten  never  oall  a  dootor^ 
but  use  olive  oil  freely,  which  In  every  case 
gives  full  and  complete  relief. 

"Olive  oil  has  been  need  for  various  medic- 
inal purposes  In  all  ages.  It  was  m^nttoned 
by  Pomit,  chief  druggist  to  Louis  XIV,  to 
which  he  adds  bis  father's  observation,  fourth 
edition,  1748.  He  says:  '  It  is  a  natural  bal- 
aam  for  the  care  of  wounds,  being  beaten  op 
with  wine.  It  Is  of  wine  and  this  oil  that  the 
Samaritan  baUam,  with  which  the  Good  Samar- 
itan in  the  Qospel  healed  the  wounds  of  the 
traveler,  was  made,  and  it  ia  a  medicine  In  nse 
at  this  day.'  It  was  and  ia  now  freely  need 
internally  In  many  cases  with  marked  suooess." 

[The  above  letter  is  especially  interesting 
and  valuable  to  na  here  in  California,  where 
the  production  of  pure  olive  oil  is  bo  promisiDg 
and  thriving  a  young  industry. — Eds  Pbess,] 


Health  Commandments. 

1.  Toou  fihcklt  have  no  other  food  than  at 
meal-time. 

2.  Thon  shalt  not  make  nnto  thee  any  pies 
or  pat  into  pastry  the  likeness  of  anything  that 
is  in  the  heavens  above  or  in  the  waters  under 
the  earth.  Thou  shalt  not  fall  to  eating  it  or 
trying  to  digest  it.  For  the  dyspepsia  will  be 
visited  upon  the  children  to  the  third  and 
fourth  generation  of  them  that  eat  pie,  and 
long  life  and  vigornpon  those  that  live  pradent- 
ly  and  keep  the  laws  of  health. 

3.  Remember  thy  bread  to  bake  it  well;  for 
he  will  not  be  kept  eonnd  that  eateth  his  bread 
ai  dough. 

4.  Tbou  shalt  not  indalge  sorrow  or  borrow 
anxiety  in  vain. 

5.  Six  days  shalt  thou  wash  and  keep  thy- 
self olean,  and  the  seventh  thou  shalt  take  a 
great  bath,  thoa,  and  thy  son,  and  thy  maid- 
servant, and  the  stranger  that  is  within  thy 
gates.  For  in  six  days  man  sweats  and  gathers 
filth  and  bacteria  enongh  for  disease;  wherefore 
the  Lord  has  blessed  the  bath*tab  and  hal- 
lowed it. 

6.  K'^member  thy  sitting-room  and  bed- 
obamber  to  keep  them  ventilated,  that  thy  days 
may  be  long  in  the  land  which  the  Lord  thy 
God  giveth  thee. 

7.  Thou  shalt  not  eat  hot  biscuits. 

S.     Thoa  shalt  not  eat  thy  meat  fried. 

9.  Thou  ehalt  not  swallow  thy  food  un- 
ohewed  or  highly  spiced,  or  just  before  bard 
work,  or  just  after  It. 

10.  Tbou  abalt  not  keep  late  hoars  in  thy 
neighbor*s  house,  nor  with  thy  neighbor's  wife, 
nor  his  man  servant,  nor  his  maid  servant,  nor 
his  cards,  nor  his  glass,  nor  anything  that  is 
thy  neighborV. — New  England  Farmer. 


City  and  Country  — There  is  practically  no 
diaeaBe,  wiib  ihu  txceptlon  of  typhoid  and 
malarial  fevers,  which  does  not  claim  a  larger 
number  of  deaths  in  the  large  cities  than  in  the 
ooantry  (t.  e.,  smaller  towns,  villages,  and 
sparsely  settled  regionO*  Take  consumption, 
for  instance,  and  diseaees  of  the  nervous  sys- 
tem. Out  of  every  100,000  of  population  in 
cities,  285  persons  die  of  consumption.  Out  of 
tvery  100,000  of  population  in  rural  dia- 
triots,  160  persons  die  of  consumption.  In  die- 
eases  of  the  neivouB  system  the  figures  are  re- 
spectively 255  for  the  city  and  150  for  the 
country.  These  data  give  a  very  good  general 
idea  of  the  inoreased  riek  of  living  in  large 
oitiea.  In  reality,  probably  very  few  people 
are  acquainted  with  these  facts,  or,  if  they 
are,  very  few  would  be  influenced  by  them  in 
the  choice  of  a  home.  And  yet,  when  we  take  np 
oarabode  in  a  great  city  like  New  York,  how 
deliberately  we  increase  the  number  of  faotors 
which  are  constantly  conspiring  to  shorten  our 
lives.  We  nearly  doable  our  chance  of  dying 
of  ooneamptloD,  and  iaoreaflo  by  7^  P^'  oeot  the 


likelihood  of  acquiring  some  fatal  nervoui  dis- 
order. It  would  prove  interesting  reading  if 
the  intricate  web  oX  causes  which  produce  such 
results  could  be  unraveled— whether  of  poverty 
or  tenement-orowdiog,  alcoholiBm,  dissipation, 
the  excitement  of  speculation  or  buslnees  re- 
verses, its  position  of  relative  importance  could 
be  assigned. 

DicKSTiON  will  not  beccin  till  the  tempera- 
tore  of  cbe  tood  ha«  been  raised  by  the  heat 
of  the  stomach  to  OS"  ;  hence  the  more  heat 
that  can  be  imparted  to  it  by  slow  mastication, 
the  better.  The  precipitation  of  a  large  quan- 
tity of  oold  food  into  the  stomach  by  fast  eat- 
ing may,  and  often  does,  cause  discomfort  and 
indige«tion,  and  every  occasion  of  this  kind 
results  in  a  measurable  iujury  to  the  digestive 
functions.  Ice<water  drank  with  cold  food  of 
course  increases  the  mischief.  Hot  drinks, 
hot  water,  weak  tea,  o(  ffje,  chocolate,  etc., 
will,  on  the  ooutrary,  help  to  prevent  it.  Bat 
eat  slowly,  anyway. 


0}hE   BuiLDEf^. 


A  Crime. 

The  American  Architect  has  recently  un- 
earthed a  building  transaotion  in  whioh  a  con- 
traotor  built  a  block  of  houses,  whioh,  under 
the  contract,  he  was  bound  to  connect  with  a 
street  sewer.  He  found  in  excavating  the  cel- 
lar that  to  fulfill  his  contract  he  would  be 
obliged  to  blast  out  a  sewer  way  through  solid 
rook,  at  a  far  greater  expense  than  he  had  sup- 
posed would  he  necessary,  Rither  than-  do 
this  or  notify  hie  employer  and  seek  a  com- 
promise, he  ran  his  pipes  in  another  direction 
into  a  pile  of  loose  stones  where  the  sewage 
would  gradually  filter  away,  but  impart  their 
exhalations  upward  Into  the  aurroanding  air. 
Soon  after  the  houses  were  occupied,  a  mys- 
terious illness  began  to  occur  in  them.  The 
Board  of  Health  inspectors  were  called  in,  and 
soon  found  the  cauee  of  the  trouble,  but  the 
public  are  not  informed  whether  the  builder 
was  brought  to  juetice.  Of  course  he  ought  to 
be,  for  the  proieotion  of  the  publio  in  future, 
but,  in  practice,  It  ia  diffisult  to  obtain  convic- 
tions. There  is  no  condemnation  too  severe 
for  a  scoundrel  who  will  deliberately  and  se- 
cretly propagate  disease  after  this  fashion.  The 
offender  who  openly  commits  or  maintains  a 
nuisance  detrimental  to  the  publio  health  is 
harmless  in  comparison,  for  the  mischief  he 
does  is  immediately  apparent  and  can  be  reme- 
died. But  the  death-traps  set  by  such  build- 
ers as  those  above  described,  are  revealed  only 
by  their  fatal  results.  The  man  who  puts  up  a 
building  so  fiimsily  that  it  falls  to  pieces  and 
destroys  life  before  it  irf  completed,  is  easily 
brought  to  suffer  a  penalty.  Bat  the  man  who 
willfully  breeds  deadly  disease  in  a  household, 
in  a  whole  district,  surely  this  man  is  the 
worse  villain  of  the  two,  and  as  fit  for  the  gal< 
lows  as  the  meanest  type  of  felony  can  make 
him. 

A  Sermon  on  Bdildino  Material  — Briok 
ia  BCill,  and  id  iikeiy  lu  remain,  ibe  favorite 
building  material.  There  is  nothing,  except  a 
Wedgewood  crucible,  that  will  withstand  fire 
nearly  aa  well.  Iron  is  confessedly  unfit  for 
bailding  purposes,  where  It  may  be  exposed  to 
the  weather  or  fire,  and  is  going  rapidly  out  of 
use.  Stone  will  always  have  its  uses  in  combi- 
nation with  brick  and  terra-cotta,  but  stone 
will  not  weather  any  better  in  this  climate  than 
well-barned  brick.  Egypt,  the  land  of  all 
others  where  stone  was  most  available,  depend- 
ed on  the  use  of  briok  mainly.  Along  with  her 
ruins  of  stone  are  yet  to  be  seen  imposing  piles 
of  briok,  and  snn-baked  brick  at  that,  not  more 
timeworn  than  the  massive  atonesaround  them. 
— Architecture  and  Building. 


Cons  Imperial  — At  the  annual  meeting  of 
the  (Jonsoiidated  Imperial  Mining  Company, 
there  were  represented  404,357  out  of  500,000 
shares.  The  direotora  were  re-elected  aa  fol- 
lows: A.  K.  P.  Harmon,  James  Newlands, 
J.  P.  Martin,  Maarice  Schmiat  and  J.  H.  Dab- 
inson.  A.  K.  P.  Harmon  was  appointed  presi- 
dent, C  L.  McCoy  secretary,  and  W.  E.  Sharon 
superintendent.  The  financial  statement 
showed  an  overdraft  at  the  Bank  of  California 
of  $19  998,31,  and  the  aaseesment  now  being 
collected  will  aggregate  $25,000.  The  superin- 
tendent's report  embodied  an  aooonnt  of  the 
work  done  in  the  mine  daring  the  twelvemonth, 
and  concluded  with  the  following  hopeful 
sentence:  "  As  there  is  still  remaining  a  large 
scope  of  unexplored  ground,  I  hope  yet  to  de- 
velop a  large  and  valuable  body  of  ore,'^ 

German  En  cod  rag  km  ent  of  Mining. — The 
Minmg  Department  of  cue  German  (iovernment 
has  recently  taken  ateps  to  establish  in  six  dif- 
ferent towns  in  the  principal  mining  districts  a 
free  library  specially  for  the  mining  population. 
These  libraries  are  furnished  with  all  the  prin- 
cipal works  on  geology  and  mining,  a  complete 
colleotion  of  maps  and  all  the  journala  devoted 
to  mining. 

*'  Four  Million  Dollars  were  taken  out  of 
the  South  Forte  mines  during  the  year  1889," 
says  the  Mullan  Tribune^  Idaho,  "More  than 
two-thirds  of  this  amount  was  spent  in  the 
Ccear  d'Alenes  in  the  development  of  mining 
property  and  other  enterprises.  There  will  be 
at  least  $20  000  000  taken  from  our  mines  dur- 
ing the  year  1890,  and  the  wealth  will  keep  in- 
'  oreaaing  eaoh  year." 


Useful  Informatio,\. 


American  Aftkr  All  I  —  AmericAns  have 
read  witu  iiiC«r«.iiJ  toe  uiieged  Invention  of  an 
artificial  silk  by  a  Freochman,  who  displayed 
his  supposed  invention  at  the  Paris  Exposition 
last  year.  It  turns  out  that  the  invention  is  an 
old  one,  and  that  It  is  an  American  invention. 
Siya  the  Scicntijie  American  of  March  8,  1890  : 
*•  The  reoeot  dbvelopment  of  the  production  of 
artificial  silk  by  M.  Da  Chardonnet,  In  France, 
has  excited  much  Interest.  We  have  received 
commnnioations  from  Divid  Baldwin  of  Mid- 
land Park,  New  Jersey,  who.  as  far  back  as 
1871,  had  worked  la  the  same  direotion.  He 
claims  to  have  succeeded  in  producing  a  cellu- 
lose fiber  whioh  he  combined  with  tannic  aold 
and  other  substances  in  hie  attempt  to  increase 
its  tensile  strength.  Four  or  five  years  ago  Mr. 
Bildwin  made  known  his  project  to  a  silk  man- 
ufacturer, Thomas  Holt,  who  not  being  a  chem- 
ist, did  not  care  to  experiment  in  that  direc- 
tion. The  matter  therefore  lay  in  abeyance. 
Now  France  oomes  forward  as  the  fatherland  of 
ao  invention  apparently  coacelved  in  America." 

The  Usefqlness  of  Turpentine. — After  ft 
housokbbper  luliy  realizes  cue  worth  of  tarpen- 
tine  In  the  household,  she  is  never  williog 
to  be  without  a  supply  of  it.  It  gives  quick 
relief  to  burns  ;  it  la  an  excellent  application 
for  coruB;  it  is  good  for  rheumatism  and  sore 
throats.  Then  It  is  a  sure  preventive  against 
moths;  by  just  dropping  a  trifia  in  the  bottom 
of  drawers,  chests  and  cupboards,  it  will  render 
the  garments  secure  from  injury  during  the 
summer.  It  will  keep  ants  and  bugs  from 
chests  and  storerooms  by  putting  a  few  drops 
in  the  corners  and  upon  the  shelves  ;  it  is  sure 
destruction  to  bedbugs,  and  will  fcffactually 
drive  them  away  from  tbeir  haunts  if  thoroughly 
applied  to  all  the  joints  of  the  bedstead,  and  in- 
jures neither  furniture  nor  clothing.  A  spoonful 
of  it  added  to  a  pall  of  warm  water  ia  excellent 
for  cleaning  paint. 

Steel  Screw.s  are  quite  a  recent  ionovatioo, 
and  bucre  bub  never  beoo  a  desoription  published 
of  the  process  of  making  them.  The  process 
has  been  kept  a  secret,  and  much  pains  hae  been 
taken  to  guard  the  peculiar  meohaniam  by  which 
thia  work  ia  done.  Tbe  large  amount  of  capital 
requisite  to  start  In  ao  extensive  a  plant  as  is 
necessary  to  produce  this  sort  of  goods,  and  the 
supposed  narrowness  of  the  margin  of  profit, 
were  asaumed  to  be  aaffioient  protection  to 
those  already  engaged  in  the  bnsineaa.  It  has 
been  neoestary  to  Invent  and  oonatruet  almost 
the  entire  plant  of  maohinery  by  whioh  the 
work  is  done.  Theae  screws  are  manafactared 
by  the  National  Screw  and  Tack  Co.  of  Cleve- 
land, 0.  The  capacity  of  the  company's  works 
la  6000  gross  of  screws  and  two  tons  of  tacks 
and  small  nails  per  day. 

A  Remarkable  Gommy  Liquid,  formed 
upun  ana  druppkog  froui  ihe  luiiage  of  the 
pine  trees,  in  the  vicinity  of  Danville,  Va.,  haa 
been  attracting  a  great  deal  of  attention.  It 
gathers  on  and  drops  from  the  pine  tags  like  a 
heavy  dew,  and  a  great  deal  of  it  haa  been 
caught  and  preserved  in  bottlea.  It  baa  mnofa 
the  appearance  of  corn  whisky,  but  haa  a 
taste  Bomewhat  like  that  of  wild  honey.  It 
leaves  the  pine  tags  sticky,  and  gives  them  the 
appearance  of  having  been  varnished.  One 
theory  la  that  it  is  produced  by  the  remarkable 
weather  whioh  haa  prevailed  in  that  vioinity 
for  some  time  past, 

A  Paste  That  Will  Keep. — Didsolve  a  tea- 
apoonlul  ot  alum  in  a  quart  of  water.  When 
cold,  stir  in  as  muoh  fi.»ur  as  will  give  it  the 
consistency  of  thick  cream.  Carefully  beat 
up  all  the  lampB.  Stir  in  half  a  teaspoonful  of 
powdered  resin.  Poar  on  the  mixture  a  teacup 
of  boiling  water,  stirring  it  well.  When  it  ber 
comes  thick,  pour  in  an  earthen  vessel.  Cover 
and  keep  in  a  cool  place.  When  needed  for 
use,  take  a  portion  and  soften  It  with  warm 
watjr.  It  will  last  at  least  a  year.  If  you 
wiah  it  to  have  a  pleasant  odor,  stir  ia  a  few 
dropa  of  oil  of  wintergreen  or  cloves. 

The  Directors  of  the  Provmoial  Bank  of 
Ireland  biiVd  issued  a  decree  that  no  clerk  In 
their  employ  receiving  less  than  $750  a  year 
shall  be  allowed  to  marry.  A  similar  rule  ia 
in  force  in  some  of  the  principal  London  banks. 
How  would  it  do  to  advance  salaries  In  such 
cases  to  an  amount  a  little  in  excess  of  $750 
per  annum  ? 

A  Petrified  Tree  in  Place. — A  petrified 
tree  neariy  lour  feet  throngu  and  with  roots 
extending  over  about  15  equare  feet,  waa  found 
recently  in  a  coal  mine  at  Oanabrnck,  Ger- 
many, aod  haa  been  setup  in  the  Berlin  School 
of  Mines. 

To  Render  Paper  or  Pasteboard  Water- 
proof — M.1X  four  parts  of  slacfced  lime  with 
three  parts  of  skimmed  milk  and  add  a  little 
alum;  then  give  the  material  two  ancoesaive 
coatings  of  the  mixture  with  a  brnsh,  and  let  It 
dry.  

A  New  Calculating  Machine  —A  French 
mechanic  by  the  name  of  BoUie  has  invented  a 
calculating  machine  which  adds,  multiplies  and 
divides  with  astonishing  rapidity  by  the  simple 
turning  of  a  wheel. 

Artificial  Musk  is  a  new  product  of  the 
chemlBte.  It  is  an  oily  liquid  of  a  brown  color, 
and  smells  so  like  musk  that  perfumers  are 
able  to  aae    It  aa  a  aabatltate  for  that  Article, 


-ECTPjeiTY; 


Electrical  Progress. 

The  generation  of  electricity  in  the  preaent 
state  of  the  art  depends  entirely  upon  mechan- 
ical conditiona,  and  here  ia  the  path  which  in- 
ventora  should  for  the  present  tread.  The 
steam  engine  and  boiler  are  now  necessary  for 
BUpplying  the  power  to  run  the  dynamo,  but 
there  are  two  immense  sources  ol  power  in 
Nature  which  ought  to  be  and  can  be  made 
available  for  thia  purpose.  Wind  and  water 
are  abundant,  oheap,  and  almost  universal. 
Some  progress  has  already  been  made  in  util- 
izing water  power,  but  only  in  a  moderate  de- 
gree. Etrery  ruuobg  river,  every  waterfall 
and  cataract,  possesses  power  now  running  to 
waste  beyond  the  ability  of   man  to  calculate. 

With  the  constant  improvement  in  the  stor- 
age battery,  another  means  of  power  becomes 
available.  The  wind  that  blow*  free  through 
the  atmosphere  can  be  harnessed  and  brought 
into  the  service  of  man.  A  windmill  properly 
connected  with  the  dynamo  can  be  made  to 
generate  electricity,  which  could  be  stored  up 
for  future  use.  The  wind  ia  a  more  variable 
source  of  power  than  water,  and  at  present 
cannot  be  depended  upon  for  furniahing  a  oon- 
ataut  eopply,  but  the  atorage  battery  here 
comes  in  to  our  aid.  Why  should  not  vast 
reaervoira  for  the  atorage  of  electricity  be  con- 
atructed,  juat  aa  we  build  them  for  water  ator- 
age ?  Ia  not  American  inventive  genius  suffi- 
cient to  solve  this  problem  ?    We  believe  that 

It  IB. 

When  theae  two  sonrcea  of  power — the  wind 
and  the  water  —  are  thus  utilized,  who  can 
dream  even  of  the  extenaion  of  the  application, 
of  eleotrlo'power  ? 

Again,  why  should  not  small  dynamos,  far- 
nishing  sufficient  power  to  run  diminutive  mo- 
tors for  domestic  purpoaea  and  amall  industries, 
be  conatrncted,  operated  by  coiled  springs  or 
rubber  bands,  wound  np  and  stretched  by 
clockwork  ?  The  principle  ia  old,  only  the  ap- 
plication would  be  new.  There  are  numerous 
instances  where  mechanical  power  oould  thus 
be  profitably  employed. 

Thus  the  field  for  electric-power  Is  constantly 
broadening,  and  it  will  be  the  dnty  of  Invent- 
ors to  supply  the  meohanlcal  devices  by  which 
thia  field  can  be  occupied.  That  they  will  do 
this  we  feel  fully  confident,  for  American  in- 
ventive genius  haa  alwaye  risen  to  the  needs  of 
the  occasion,  and  indeed  the  greatest  inven- 
tions the  world  knows  and  usee  to-day  have 
been  supplied  by  the  brains  of  oar  own  citi- 
zens.— Bos'on  Journal  of  Commtrce. 

Electricity  as  a  Scale  Preventive. — A 
correbpunaunt  01  the  bobton  Journal  of  Com* 
meree  givea  bis  experienoe  in  the  uae  of  elec- 
tricity as  a  scale  preventive,  as  follows:  "The 
writer,  some  years  ago,  had  charge  of  a  boiler 
that  had  a  battery  oonneoted  to  the  shell  of  the 
boiler,  so  that  it  was  kept  charged  all  the  time, 
and  though  the  water  was  very  hard,  there 
waa  never  any  accamulation  of  scale,  though 
the  neighbors  were  all  troubled  with  a  heavy 
accumulation  that  aaed  the  same  kind  of  water, 
and  they  tried  all  sorts  of  solutions  to  prevent 
it.  This  boiler  was  put  in  in  1S76,  and  la  still 
running,  S3me  time  after  I  left  it  I  wrote  to 
the  concern  to  find  the  address  of  the  firm  that 
pat  it  in,  and  learned  that  they  thought  it  too 
much  trouble  to  attend  to  it  and  had  gone  to 
using  potatoes  Instead.  Of  course,  the  latter 
are  known  to  be  among  the  best  scale  pre- 
ventives." 

An  Electric  After  dinner  Speech. — At  a 
batqaet  ol  elbotricai  tngineers  in  Bjscou,  a  few 
evenmgs  Bince,  those  occult  gentlemen  assured 
the  public  that  the  dwelling-house  of  the  future 
will  be  fitted  for  electricity  aa  it  now  ia  for  gas, 
not  only  to  give  illumination,  but  also  to  fur- 
nish power  to  run  the  sewing  machine,  the 
egg-beater,  and  even  to  butter  the  bread  econ- 
omically, to  warm  the  house,  to  cook  the  food, 
etc.,  and,  if  necessary,  to  put  the  family  to 
sleep.  Why  not  go  further,  and  apply  elec- 
tricity to  faouse-oleaning,  sweeping  the  carpets, 
dusting  the  rooms,  making  the  beds,  eto.  ? 

Electrical  Tooth  -  Extractor. — An  elec- 
tricAi  insciument  bas  been  invented  whioh  is 
designed  to  remove  the  pain  incidental  to  the 
extraction  of  teeth.  It  conaiata  of  adjuatable, 
plvotally  connected  prongs  carrying  buttons 
and  connected  with  an  electrical  battery,  the 
buttona  being  placed  on  the  face  over  the 
nerves  leading  from  the  teeth  to  the  brain,  and 
a  circuit  establiahed  the  moment  the  tooth- 
extracting  instrument  touchea  the  tooth  to  be 
removed. 

Light  and  Power. — In  conducting  an  elec- 
trio  station  in  North  Carolina,  the  dynamos 
supply  enough  energy  to  run  the  street  cars, 
and  to  light  the  cara  and  general  Industries 
along  the  line.  This  is  believed  to  be  the  only 
instance  where  light  and  power  are  furnished 
ao  extensively  by  the  same  machinery.  But 
other  illustrations  of  it  are  likely  to  follow  at 
an  early  day. 

Eleven  Miles  Power  Circuit. — A  company 
whioh  has  been  formed  in  Hartford,  Oonn., 
purposes  to  build  a  dam  across  the  Farmington 
river  at  Tariffville,  put  ia  dynamos,  etc.,  and 
generate  electricity,  which  is  to  be  conveyed 
by  large  copoer  rods,  strung  above  ground,  to 
Hartford,  11  miles  away.  About  2000  H,  P, 
will  be  turned  into  eleotrlo  energy. 


336 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Mat  17.  1890 


A.  T.  DBWET.  W.  B.  EWER. 

DEWEY  &  CO.,  Publishers. 


Oficey  220  Marhet  St.,  N.  E. cor. Promt St.yS.  F. 

tr  Take  the  Elevator,  No.  J2  Front  St.-^ 

W.  B.  EWER Sbkior  Editor 


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DEWES"  &  CO.,  PATBKI  SOMOITORfl. 
A.  T.  DBWET.  W.  B.  BWBB.  a.  H.  STRONfl. 


Our  latest  forms  go  to  press  on  Thursday  evening. 


Entered  at  S.  F.  Post  Office  as  eecond-olass  mail  matter 


SAN    FRANCISCO: 

Saturday,   May   17,    1890. 


TABLE  OP  CONTENTS. 


ILLUSTRATIONS.  —  Wet  -  Crushing  Silver  Mill, 
329.  The  Vineyard  in  Autumn;  Winter  Scene  in  a 
Riverside  Vineyard,  331-  The  Holland  Woolen  Belt 
for  Concentrators;  Spanish  Peak,  337. 

BDITORlALfci.— A  Wet-Crushing  Silver  Mill;  The 
Molders'  Strike,  329.  Passing  Events;  Analysis  of  an 
Air-Tight  Pump;  Mining  Stock  Quotations;  Sinking 
Shafts  in  Watery  Ground;  Just  Puniabment,  336- 
California  at  the  World's  Fair;  Cost  of  Workhag  Gold 
Depoaits,  337. 

OORRBSPONDBNCB.— Mines  and  Mills  of  Shaata 
County;  Rubv,  Washington;  The  Deep  Gold  Placers  of 
California,  330. 

MIS  OBLLfl-NEOUS.— Singular  Geological  Phencm- 
enoa;  Grapes  lor  Raisins,  331. 

MECHANICAL  PROGRESS.  —  Russian  Sheet 
Iron;  Improvement  in  Utilizing  Iron  Sands;  An  Alarm 
for  Hot  Eearinga;  Compressing  Liquid  Steel,  334. 

SCIENTIFIC  PRGC*RES8.-The  Fear  of  Death; 
Perils  Of  Scientific  Ballooning;  Early  Globes;  The 
Ancient  and  the  Modem  Foot;  Signing  a  Check  by 
Electricity;  India  Rubber;  Liquid  Maaaea;  Humboldt 
in  Fault;  A  New  Chemical  Manure;  Ozone,  834. 

GOOD  HEALTH-— Medicinal  Value  of  Olive  Oil  for 
Snake-Rites,  Etc. ;  Health  Commandmenta;  City  and 
Country;  Digestion,  335. 

THBJ  BUILOER.— ACrime;  A  Sermon  on  Building 
Material,  335. 

USEFUL  INFORMATION.— American  After  All; 
The  Usefulness  of  Turpentine;  A  Paste  That  Will  Keep; 
Miscellaneous,  335. 

ELECTRICITY. —Electrical  Progrea?;  Electricity  aa 
a  Scale  Preventive;  An  Electric  Aiter-Dlnner  Speech; 
Electrical  Torth  Extractor;  Light  and  Power;  Eleven 
Milea  Power  Circuit.  335- 

MINING  SUMMARY- From  the  various  counties 
of  California,  Nevada,  Arizona,  Colorado,  Idaho,  Mon- 
tana, New  Mexico,  Orepon,  Utah,  Wyoming,  332-333. 

MINING  STOCK  MARKET.—SaleB  at  the  San 
Pranciaco  Stock  Board,  Noticea  of  Meetlnes.  Asaeas- 
naents.  Dividends,  and  Bullion  Shipments,  340 

M  ARK E T  R E  PO  BTS.— Local  Markets,  Eaatern 
Metal  Markets,  340. 


Business  Announcements. 

[NBW  THIS   ISSUE.] 

Mill  and  Mining  Machinery — Atlas  Iron  Works. 

Situation  Wanted— A.  B  C  ,  Oakland. 

Cement  Gravel  Mine  for  Sale— T.  G.  E.  Wolleb,  E.  Oakland. 

JWSee  Advertising  Columns. 


Passing  Events. 

The  first  general  movement  in  thia  State 
toward  the  preparation  of  a  California  exhibit 
at  the  coming  World's  Fair,  wai  made  this 
week  by  the  Governor  issning  cironlara  on  the 
Bubject  to  the  mayors  of  the  cities.  By  etart- 
ing  thns  early,  Oalifornia  should  be  able  to 
make  a  creditable  showing  of  its  varioiiB  in 
daatries. 

The  streams  all  OTer  the  country  are  rnnning 
bank-fall  owing  to  the  rapid  melting  of  the 
snow  in  the  monntains.  The  main  rivers  are 
veryhighf  but  thus  far  no  damage  has  been 
done. 

The  quartz  minea  of  Fresno  county  are  jnat 
now  attracting  some  attention.  Few  of  them 
are  at  any  advanced  stage  of  development,  but 
there  is  quite  an  area  that  promiaea  to  furnish 
many  valuable  quartz  properties. 

'  The  strike  of  the  molders  in  this  city  still 
oontinues,  to  the  great  detriment  of  the  iron 
industry  here.  However,  all  the  shops  are 
now  running,  having  brought  men  from  the 
£  ist  to  take  the  place  of  the  strikers.  Never- 
theless, there  is  still  much  inconvenienoe  in 
the  situation. 

The  Kansas  smelting  men  olaim  to  have  in- 
vested $7,000,000  in  their  smelting  plants,  but 
a  leading  Colorado  smelter  has  investigated 
this  and  says  that  the  investment  does  not 
reach  $750,000. 


Analysis  of  an  Air-Lift  Pump. 

At  the  last  meeting  of  the  Technical  Society 
of  the  Pacific  Coast.  P.  M.  Randall,  C.  E., 
read  an  elaborate  paper  giving  an  analysis  of 
the  action  of  the  Pohle  air-lift  pamp  which 
was  recently  described  in  the  Mining  and 
Scientific  Press.  Thia  invention  of  Dr. 
Pohle  for  lifting  water  consists,  in  its  simplest 
form,  of  a  water  pipe,  and  an  air  pipe  let  into 
it.  In  pumping,  compressed  air  is 
forced  through  the  air  pipe  into  the 
water  pipe;  thenoe,  by  the  expansion  of  air, 
the  water  ii  lifted  and  discharged  from  the 
upper  end  of  the  water  pipe.  As  air  is  forced 
into  the  water  pipe  it  forma  alternate  layers 
with  the  water  so  that  the  weight  or  pressure 
per  Equare  inch  of  the  column,  thns  made  np  of 
air  and  water  inside,  is  leas  than  the  pressure  of 
the  water  per  equare  inch  outside  the  water 
pipe. 

Owing  to  the  diffarenoe  of  pressure,  the  water 
flows  continuously  from  the  outside  Into  the 
water  pipe  by  the  force  of  gravity.  As  the  air 
is  forced  into  the  water  pipe  the  water  at  firat 
above  the  outlet  end  of  the  air  pipe  riaes  in  an 
anbroken  column  free  from  bubblea  and  flows 
amoothly  off,  till  the  underlying  column  of  pro- 
pelling air  eacapes.  Owing  to  the  relief  af* 
forded  by  the  diacharge  of  this  under  column — 
whose  pressure  while  the  column  is  being 
lifted,  checks  the  flow  of  water  into  the  pipe — 
the  action  of  the  pamp  is  aomewhat  Irregular. 
Thia  is,  however,  but  temporary,  and  is  suc- 
ceeded by  constant  uniformity  of  action  by 
which  the  pump  discharges  an  intermittent  or 
pulsatory  stream. 

With  respect  to  the  diameter  of  the  water 
pipe  of  the  air-lift  pump  that  may  be  employed 
with  success,  Mr.  Randall  states  that  be  has 
tested  the  working  of  pipes  reapeotively  two, 
three,  eight  and  ten  inches  in  diameter  with 
highly  favorable  results,  and  sees  no  valid  rea- 
son for  there  being  a  limit  to  the  diameter  pro- 
viding the  quantity  of  air  employed  be  propor- 
tioned to  the  water.  If  small  quantities  of  air 
be  let  into  the  water  pipe,  insufficient  to  con- 
stitute a  layer  pressing  against  its  walls,  the 
air  will  obviously  rise  In  bubbles  through  the 
water  and  escape,  with  limited  results;  but  if  a 
Bufficient  quantity  of  air  be  forced  into  the 
water  pipe  to  form  an  air-layer  pressing  the 
pipe-walls,  and  to  impart  proper  motion  to  the 
superincumbent  water,  the  water  will  be  sue- 
ceeafnlly  discharged  with  Inappreciable  loss  by 
leakage,  regardless  of  the  magnitude  of  diame- 
ter of  the  pipe. 

In  working  the  air-lift  pamp,  maximum  ef- 
ficiency ia  attained  when  the  pressure  per 
equare  inob  of  the  aggregate  layers  of  water  in- 
side the  water  pipe  is  equal  to  two-thirds  the 
preeaure  per  square  inch  outside  of  it.  In  other 
worde,  when  the  aggregate  length  of  the  water- 
layers  inside  of  the  pipe  is  equal  to  two-thirds 
the  depth  of  aubmuraion,  eatimated  between 
the  aurface  of  the  water  and  the  outlet  end  of 
the  air  pipes,  the  energy  due  the  pressure  of  the 
remaining  one-third  of  the  depth  of  the  sub- 
mersion is  expended  in  imparting  motion  to 
the  contents  of  the  pipe  and  In  overcoming  the 
resistance  of  entry  or  influx  and  the  resistance 
of  the  walla  of  the  pipe. 

Mr.  Randall  goes  at  great  length  into  details 
of  tests  and  mathematical  calculations  as  to 
efficiency  and  the  determination  of  various  feat- 
ures. He  concludes  by  referring  to  the  fact 
that  in  pumping  hot  liquids  the  effioienoy  of 
the  device  ia  increased  by  the  utilization  of  the 
force  of  their  head ;  that  it  pumps  water  carry- 
ing sand,  silt,  gravel,  sewage,  etc.,  with  facility 
and  without  appreciable  injury  to  itself;  and  that 
it  possesses  rare  merits  with  respect  to  light- 
ness, compactness,  durability,  property  of  being 
handled  and  managed  with  ease,  cheapnees  as 
to  first  coBt  and  Bubaequent  cost  of  being  kept 
in  use — in  fine,  ultimate  economy.  Its  applica- 
tion to  mining  has  already  been  referred  to  in 
the  Press.  The  system  is  being  applied  to 
mines  in  Colorado  now  by  its  inventor. 


The  Pelton  Water- Wheel  Co.  have  just  ia- 
sued  a  new  illustrated  catalogue.  It  has  been 
prepared  evidently  with  great  care,  and  pre- 
sents much  more  information  bearing  npon 
water-wheela  than  anything  of  the  kind  before 
issued.  The  data  and  tables  cover  all  points  of 
inquiry  on  this  subject.  The  typographical 
appearance  of  the  catalogue  is  excellent. 

The  slate  quarries  of  El  Dorado  county  are 
doing  very  weU  just  now. 


Sinking  Shafts  in  Watery  Ground. 

OF  all  kinda  of  work  for  which  the  skill  of 
the  engineer  is  called  into  requisition,  that  of 
making  excavation  in  earth  where  a  head  of 
water  is  to  be  resisted  ia  oonoeded  to  be  the 
most  troublesome.  The  name  quicksand  is 
given  to  any  earth  which  when  mixed  with 
water  will  in  aome  degree  run  like  a  fluid.  Al- 
most any  sand  when  mixed  with  a  small  amount 
of  clay,  will  exhibit  this  faculty.  The  most 
tro^bleBome  kind  has  but  a  small  percentage  of 
sand  and  is  very  fine,  the  material  being  prin- 
cipally disintegrated  rock.  When  rubbed  be- 
tween the  fingers  soaroely  any  grit  can  be  felt. 
This  material,  when  undisturbed,  may  have 
some  conaistency,but  when  once  broken  will  flow 
with  water  through  any  minute  opening.  In 
excavation  in  running  ground  the  great  diffi- 
culty is  not  so  much  in  keeping  the  water  out 
as  in  preventing  damage  from  quicksand  shift- 
ing in  its  bed,  which  is  likely  when  water  is 
pumped  from  the  exoavation,  as  it  destroys  the 
equilibrium  of  the  mass.  In  the  case  of  deep 
excavations  like  shaft  work,  it  will  bring  an 
unequal  or  bending  preBsure  on  the  walla  of  the 
abaft,  which  destroys  its  alignment  or  ruptures 
the  shaft  entirely. 

The  freezing  process  for  working  this  kind  of 
ground  has  now  paased  the  experimental  stage 
and  is  entitled  to  a  place  among  established 
prooesaes  of  engineering.  Edward  L.  Abbott, 
C.  E.,  read  a  paper  reoently  before  the  Boston 
Society  of  Olvil  Eogineers,  In  whfoh  he  describes 
the  application  of  the  prooeaa.  A  aeriea  of  ver- 
tical pipea  are  put  down  into  the  rook,  into 
material  impervious  to  water.  These  pipes 
are  arranged  around  the  space  in  which  the 
excavation  ia  to  be  made  and  are  oloaed  at  the 
lower  enda.  There  ia  on  each  an  inner  pipe 
open  at  its  lower  end  and  extending  nearly  to 
the  bottom  of  the  outer. 

Through  theae  pipes  a  oold  fluid  ia  circulated 
by  means  of  a  pump ;  this  admits  the  heat  from 
the  surrounding  earth  and  freezes  it  as  hard  as 
sandstone  rock,  most  effectually  cutting  off  the 
water.  Then  the  exoavation  can  be  readily 
made  withoat  any  trouble  from  water  or  flow- 
ing ground.  Quicksand,  when  deprived  of  ita 
water,  Is  an  easily  worked  material. 

By  this  method  a  shaft  15  feet  square  was 
aunk  about  100  feet  to  a  rock  ledge,  through 
water-bearing  strata  at  the  Chapin  mine.  Iron 
mountain,  Michigan.  Twenty-seven  eight-inch 
freezing  pipes  were  arranged  in  a  circle  29  feet 
in  diameter.  An  immense  ice-machine,  of  the 
compression  type,  was  used.  The  wall  was 
frozen  and  excavations  made  to  the  ledge  in 
2^  months.  On  starting  the  icemaohine,  the 
earth  commenced  to  freeze  in  the  form  of  cylin- 
ders, surrounding  each  pipe.  In  ten  days  these 
cylinders  were  in  contact,  forming  the  frozen 
wall.  From  that  time  the  freezing  advanced 
within  much  faster  than  without  the  circle. 
The  unfrozen  oenter  became  narrower  as  the  ex- 
cavation proceeded,  requiring  much  difficult 
labor  in  loosening  the  frozen  material  and  bowl- 
ders. Those  strata  of  earth  containing  much 
water  were  frozen  to  much  less  distance  than 
those  containing  little  water. 

When  approaching  the  ledge  there  was  a  great 
inflow  of  water,  the  rook  being  seamed  and 
shaly,  and  it  was  necessary  to  lay  freezing 
pipes  against  the  ledge,  and  to  flood  the  shaft 
and  freeze  a  considerable  portion  of  the  rook 
surface  itself  before  the  excavation  into  the 
Bound  rook  could  be  completed  and  the  timber- 
ing put  in.  In  ahafts  now  sunk,  the  freezing 
pipes  are  sunk  five  or  six  feet  into  the  rock 
itself.  

Ernest  Wiltsee,  formerly  assistant  superin- 
tendent of  the  North  Star  mine,  has  been  ap- 
pointed auperintendent  of  the  Menlo  mine  at 
Grass  Valley.  Mr.  Wiltaee  waa  at  one  time 
chemiat  of  the  Globe  Smelting  and  Refining 
Company  of  Denver  and  is  a  graduate  of  the 
Columbia  School  of  Mines,  He  is  highly 
spoken  of  at  Grass  Valley. 


The  Chamber  of  Commerce  of  Bordeaux, 
France,  has  offered  a  aeriea  of  prizea  for  the  best 
reports,  baaed  on  actual  experience,  of  the  use 
of  oil  at  sea.  The  oompetition  ia  open  to  the 
veasels  of  all  nations,  and  reports  must  be 
made  by  Jan,  30, 1891, 

A  NUMBER  of  German  engineers  have  been 
looking  over  tracts  of  land  near  the  City  of 
Mexico  with  a  view  to  the  location  of  exten- 
sive smelting  works, 


Cost  of  Working  Gold  Deposits. 

The  main  tendency  in  handling  gold  ores  and 
gravels  in  these  days  is  toward  economy. 
Elaboration  of  processes  and  methods  has  long 
since  been  dlsaontinned,  for  It  is  realized  that 
the  simpler  the  means  the  better.  Each  anc- 
ceeding  year  sees  at  least  a  slight  improvement 
in  carrying  out  the  methods  employed,  and 
every  reduction  in  cost  of  a  dollar  or  less  brings 
to  the  front  new  mines  to  which  that  dollar's 
difference  la  a  question  of  profit.  Gold  ores  are 
now  worked  in  this  State  cheaper  than  any- 
where else  in  the  world,  and  they  are  worked 
better,  too.  Years  of  experience  have  taught 
our  millmen  how  necessary  exaot  oare  and 
eoonomy  are. 

In  handling  auriferous  gravels,  we  have  also 
experience  in  California  not  found  elsewhere. 
The  various  forms  of  gravel  mining  have  been 
here  developed  to  their  greatest  degree.  All 
known  forms  of  gold  deposits  are  found  in  this 
State,  and  in  each  there  are  men  skilled  in 
working  them.  In  this  connection  a  statement 
by  John  Hays  Hammond  in  the  last  report  of 
the  State  Mineralogist  will  be  of  interest.  He 
gives  the  relative  oosta  of  working  the  various 
classes  of  gold  deposits  by  methods  adapted 
to  the  respective  olaases  as  follows  : 

1.  Anrl'etouB  vein,  $3  to  $10  per  ton  of  ma- 
terial treated. 

2.  Drift  mining,  75  cents  to  $4  per  ton  of 
material  treated. 

3.  Miners*  pan,  $5  to  $8  per  .ton  of  material 
treated. 

4.  Rocker,  $2  to  $3  per  ton  of  material 
treated. 

5.  Sluices,  75  cents  to  $1  per  ton  of  material 
treated. 

6.  Hydraulic  method,  1^  cents  to  S  oenta 
per  ton  of  material  treated. 

California  at  the  World's  Fair. 

Muoh  intereat  ia  being  kindled  in  the  propo- 
sition  for  a  full  California  exhibit  at  the  Chi- 
cago World's  Fair  of  1892.  The  general  senti- 
ment seems  to  be  echoed  in  the  words  used  by 
Governor  Waterman  in  a  oiroular  letter  jnat 
iaaued  to  the  chief  officers  of  the  cities  and 
counties  of  the  State,  calling  upon  them  to 
**  bring  to  the  attention  of  their  constituencies 
the  vast  importance  of  California  being  prop- 
erly represented  at  the  World's  Fair,  to  be  held 
at  Chicago,  III.,  in  October,  1892.  The  exhi- 
bition at  Chicago  will  be  California's  oppor- 
tunity, but  she  will  lose  that  opportunity  un- 
less her  representative  men  oome  to  the  front 
and  present  these  matters  for  consideration 
absolutely  necessary  to  induce  the  people  of 
their  respective  localities  to  interest  themselves 
in  the  welfare  of  the  State."  It  Is  to  be  hoped 
that  this  exhortation  will  be  heeded.  Some 
organized  effort  is  already  under  way,  but  it 
should  be  more  general.  It  is  important  that 
the  matter  should  be  liberally  treated  by  the 
coming  Legislature,  and  for  this  purpose  organ- 
ization should  be  pushed  in  all  Ssnatorial  dis- 
triots,  and  Assembly  districts  as  well,  for  it  is 
important  to  muster  all  possible  votes  In  favor 
of  the  projects  which  will  no  doubt  oome  for- 
ward at  Sacramento,  Governor  Waterman  has 
applied  for  ten  acres  of  apace,  and  it  ahoald  be 
filled  five  stories  high  with  California  displays. 


Mining  Stock  Quotations. 

Editors  Press;— Will  you  please  decide  through 
your  valuable  paper  the  following  question:  A  wag- 
ers that  mining  slock  quotations  are  so  much  per 
share.  That  is,  if  the  stock  is  quoted  50  cents,  and 
the  stock  is  issued  at  $io  per  share,  50  cents  is  the 
price  of  the  full  share  of  $10,  and  ?/o/ 50  cents  on 
the  dollar.  B  wagers  that  the  quotation  is  so  much 
on  the  dollar,  either  above  or  below  par  as  the  case 
may  be,  and  not  so  much  per  share.  A.   R. 

Virginius,  Col. 

Mining  Btooks  are  quoted  at  their  market 
value  without  reference  to  the  original  par 
value  on  the  capital  stock  of  the  company  when 
incorporated.  In  this  State  a  mining  company 
can  aaaess  the  stock  to  ita  full  capital  or  par 
value  but  not  more,  without  reorganizing.  Thia 
ia  the  only  advantage  of  organizing  with  a  large 
capital  stock,  with  original  par  value  set  at  a 
comparatively  high  valuation.  Many  oom- 
panies  are  organized  with  capital  stock  of  a 
million  or  so,  and  shares  at  $5  or  $10,  when  the 
stock  is  really  sold  for  10  cents  or  20  cents  per 
share.  The  market  quotations  mean  what  the 
stock  brings  on  the  market,  and  the  original 
par  value  is  not  considered  at  all  on  the  market. 

Last    month   the  Cons.   Gal,    and  Virginia  I 
mine  milled  11,940  tona  of  ore,  yielding  $194,- 
658— about  half  gold  and  half  silver. 


May  17,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


337 


The    Deep  Gold  Placers  of  California 

{Conciudff  from  page  -'3!  ) 
white;  streak     lighter;    hardneu,    li;    speoifio 
gravity,  2  021;  conUins  silida  50  S  pur  cent,  al 
omioa,  10  4;  ai  seen  aoder  the  microaoope  the 
large  miDeralfl  are  not  oryettlljoe. 

Another  specimeD,  No.  2  (B),  baa  been  named 
andesite.  It  is  from  the  large  bowlder  referred 
to  in  Prof.  .1  I).  Whitney's  "  Aariferoas  <  iravela 
of  the  Sierra  Nevada,"  fol.  449.  Color,  gray. 
mottled  with  lighter  and  darker  spots  and 
blotches;  streak  lighter;  hardness,  7;  speoitio 
grayity,  4  40:*;  silica,  44  :i;  alumina,  10  4; 
iron  large;  under  the  microaoope  minerals  seem 
mach  like  2-A,  bat  more  compact. 

White  lava  No.  3  (A),  Calaveras  county. 
Fusible  B.  H.  to  pearly  globulf^;  does  not  change 
color  otherwise;  tumiaoue  in  Uame  tike  lime;  do 
soda  reaction;  under  miorosoope  not  sediment* 
ary;  texture  and  appearance  like  pnmioe;  some 
parts  byalline.  Under  a  high  beat  it  fuses 
to  a  bebbly  glass.  Mottla  heat  is  not 
sutfioient  to  so  fuse  a  pieoe  half  an  inch  in  diam- 
eter. S)me  parts  turn  white  but  do  not  fuse; 
refractory  crystals  are  not  seen  until  heat  is 
applied;  when  heated  and  fused  to  a  globule,  it 
is  pearly  and  translucent;  with  cobalt  no  blue 
oolor;  not  obalcedonic;  perhaps  solfatario  but 
doubtfal;  does  not  seem  to  be  volcanic  ash. 

No.  ■*i(5),  marked  Volcanic  Ash,  Napa  county. 
Specific  gravity,  1.81;  silica.  (Jti.S;  sesquiozide 
of  iron,  9  !i;  fusible  before  blowpipe  to  black 
slag;  color  and  streak,  ash  gray;  hardness,  4; 
when  higbly  magnified  is  white,  opaque,  vitre* 
ous  paste,  with  Imbedded  angular,  transparent, 
white  and  grayish  glassy  fragments  like  byal- 
lite  or  impure  semi-opal.  A  very  interesting 
specimen. 

Another  specimen  of  No.  .3  (C)  somewhat  re- 
sembles SA  but  is  porphyritic,  filled  with  vesic- 
ular cavities,  almond-shaped  with  a  white 
opaque  shell,  rook  filled  with  cracks  showing  a 
tendency  to  diaiotegrata.  cavities  generally 
empty,  sometimes  containing  acicular  crystals; 
sometimes  botryoidal,  not  chalcedonic;  gener- 
ally, numerous  mina1|,e  vent-holes  for  water  or 
steam  indicate  a  solfataric  origlu. 

No.  4,  from  Messenger's  Corral,  Calaveras 
county,  seems  to  be  a  mud  porphyry;  hardness, 
3;  gray  matrix  with  white  spots  and  white  and 
dark  particles;  soft  when  recently  quarried, 
when  it  outs  like  tallow  or  soapetone. 

Table  MountatDS, 
What  are  known  aa    table  mountains  in  Cali- 
fornia are  the  remains  of  "  mesas,"  so  called  by 
the    Spaniards,    which    were   once   continuous 


A  New  Ore  Concentrator. 

Mr,  H.  P.  Holland,  a  praotioal  mining  engi- 
neer of  this  city,  baa  recently  invented  a  con- 
centrator which  combines  the  well-known 
blanket  process  with  new  and  original  features. 
He  olaimi  that  the  machine  does  away  with 
the  faults  of  the  old  system  while  Tery  much 
iuoreasing  Us  oapaoity,  and  saving  a  mnch 
higher  percentage  of  the  metals.  It  consists  of 
an  endless  oorrugated  looohn  belt,  backed  by 
strong  waterproof  material  which  is  stretched 
over  rollers  hung  in  a  suitable  frame.  It  is  fed 
at  the  upper  end,  and  underneath  is  a  revolving 
bristle  brueh  kept  In  constant  action  against 
the  belt,  while  the  machine  is  in  motion,  thus 
cleaning  the  belt  at  every  revolution.  With 
the  exception  of  the  belt  and  brash,  the  machine 
is  built  entirely  of  metal  and  in  a  very  substan- 
tial manner.    The  conoentrator  has  been  sab- 


OoMPHEssED  FcHL.— A  bag  of  rough,  dark 
balls,  looking  somewhat  like  unsbuoked  black 
walnuts,  was  lately  handed  us  from  the  Giant 
Fuel  Co.  of  8,  F.  They  were  composed,  we 
understand,  of  coal-dust  with  a  small  ad- 
mixture of  cornmeal,  lime  and  potaah.  which 
had  been  wet,  stirred  together,  molded  and 
dried.  The  sample  was  taken  home,  where  it 
was  used  In  the  cook-stove  with  great  approval, 
and  a  wish  was  expressed  for  more  of  the  same 
sort.  This  device  for  ntilizing  the  ooal-dust. 
which  has  so  long  been  useless,  appears  to  be  a 
valuable  one.  and  it  is  estimated  that  the  total 
cost  of  the  *'  Irving  Patent  Fuel,"  manufact- 
ured, need  not  exceed  $5  per  ton.  The  com- 
pany has  establiahed  a  plant  of  10  tons  daily 
capacity  on  Main  street,  and  will  soon  be  mak- 
ing It  in  considerable  quantity. 


Mdnx  C.  Hillver,  who  was  at  one  time  a 


THB    HOLLAND    WOOLEN    BELT    FOR    CONOBNTRATORS. 


mitted  to  severe  tests,  and  the  inventor  states 
that  it  has  amply  sustained  its  high  claims  as 
to  saving  capacity  over  others.  The  accom 
panying  cut  gives  a  very  good  idea  of  the  ma- 
chine. Fuller  particulars  can  be  had  by  writ- 
ing to  the  inventor.  Mr.  H.  P.  Holland.  2322 
Folsom  St.,  Sin  Franciaoo. 


Ranchers  and  Millmen.~-C,  M.  Taylor  of 
Genoa  suggests  a  new  plan  for  the  ranchers  and 
millmen  of  Nevada  to  settle  their  pending  liti- 
gation. The  Courier  says:  His  plan  la  for 
both   parties  to  take  the   money  that  will,    ao- 


Comstook  mining  superintendent,  bat  lately  a 
mine-manager  in  Central  America,  died  in  New 
York  this  week.  Mr.  Hillyer  has  been  cod- 
neoted  with  mining  matters  on  this  coast  from 
'*  early  days," 


The  first  printer  in  this  State  waei.  Juan  de  la 
Rosa,  who  came  to  Monterey  in  1833  with  a 
printing  and  publishing  outfit  for  the  Mexican 
Government.  He  will  be  100  years  old  on  June 
5th,'  and  his  birthday  will  be  celebrated  at 
Ventnra.  It  has  been  suggested  that  a  purse 
be  raised  for   him.  to  brighten  hia  remaining 


SPANISH    PEAK,    SEEN    FROM    ONION    VALLEY    AT    FOOT    OP    PILOT    PEAK. 


plains  and  are  supposed  to  be  lava  from  some 
source  not  yet  determined,  bat  owing  to  the 
fl.aidity  of  the  eruptive  matter,  they  were  very 
nearly  level.  Natural  erosion  subsequent  to 
their  birth,  caused  deep  depressions.  The  in- 
tact portion  remained,  capping  low  summits, 
now  elevated  table  mountains. 

The  sarface  of  these  mesas  exhibits  none  of 
the  features  of  volcanic  matter  ejected  from  a 
orater.  ao  conspicuous  at  Vesuvius,  Hecla, 
^tna,  Mauna  Loa  and  other  great  volcanoes. 

It  is  not  uncommon  on  the  Pacifio  Coast  to 
find  the  lavas  brecciated  or  conglomerated,  the 
.  matrix  being  entirely  diflferent  from  the  frag- 
mental  inclnsions,  so  much  so  that  the  observer 
naturally  infers  that  the  so-called  lava  partook 
somewhat  of  the  nature  of  plastic  earth  or  vol- 
canic mud.  and  that  in  its  flow  it  had  gathered 
bowlders  of  a  somewhat  similar  but  older  for- 
mation. At  Picket  Poet,  Pinal  county,  Arizona, 
obsidian  pebbles  were  abundant  in  the  lavas. 
At  the  Spring  Valley  hydraulic  mine,  Butte 
county,  bowlders  of  basalt  and  quartz  were 
seen  so  imbedded. 

From  a  distance  these  flat  mountains  show 
an  extended  horizontal  summit,  terminated  at 
one  or  both  ends  by  a  mural  clifi",  from  the  foot 
of  which  a  talus  of  fallen  debris  extends  at  a 
sharp  angle  to  the  plain  below.  Fig.  7  is  an 
ideal  view  of  a  California  table  mountain  and  a 
lava-oapped  ridge. 


cording  to  present  appearances,  be  spent  in  lit- 
igation, and  use  it  for  the  construction  of  a 
large  flume  to  run  almost  direct  from  Roden- 
bah's  to  the  mills.  This,  he  claims,  would 
carry  one-third  of  the  stream  at  low  water, 
which  would  be  sufficient  to  run  the  mills,  con- 
sidering that  there  would  be  but  little  water 
or  evaporation,  as  the  water  would  run  that 
distance  in  a  flume  in  about  one>sixth  of  the 
time  required  for  it  to  flow  down  the  regular 
channel.  This  would  leave  the  ranchers  two- 
thirds  of  the  stream  for  irrigating  purposes. 

The  coal  trade  between  Newcastle.  N,  S. 
W,.  and  this  port  has  fallen  o£f  greatly.  In  the 
last  quarter  there  were  shipped  29.000  tons  of 
coal,  as  againat  69,000  tons  in  the  preoeding 
quarter.  The  collieries  on  this  coast  are  now 
producing  coal  in  such  quantities  as  to  reduce 
the  price  from  $12.50  to  $6  50  per  ton. 

A  LARGE  deposit  of  antimony  is  reported  in 
the  Toaarba  monntaina  soath  of  Big  Creek. 
Lander  Co..  Nov.,  and  15  miles  from  the 
Nevada  Central  R.  R.  The  ore  is  said  to  oarry 
60  per  aent  antimony, 


days,  and  the  printers  and  publishers  of  the 
State  are  to  be  called  upon  to  contribute  to  it. 
Stephen  Bowers,  editor  of  the  Ventura  Free 
Press,  Ventura,  Cal.,  will  give  any  information 
desired. 

Arid  Land  Irrigation  — There  promises  to 
be  a  sharp  conflict  over  the  snbjeot  of  Govern- 
ment irrigation  work  for  arid  lands.  On  an- 
other page  of  this  issue  may  be  found  full  out- 
lines of  the  two  reports  presented  by  the  Sen- 
ate Committee  on  Irrigation — the  committee 
which  visited  California  last  summer.  As  will 
be  seen,  the  two  reports  are  directly  in  con- 
flict. It  will  have  to  be  fought  out  at  Waah- 
ington,  and  there  bids  to  be  much  fur  in  the 
air  before  it  ia  over. 


Just  Punishment, 

Two  of  the  so-called  *' patent  agents"  who 
have  been  carrying  on  the  buslneei  of  duping 
inventors  by  false  pretenses  of  negotiating  the 
sale  of  their  patents,  received  heavy  sentences 
thU  week  in  the  U.  S,  Court.  They  were  con- 
victed of  having  used  the  United  States  mail 
for  carrying  out  a  fraudulent  sobeme.  Bjth 
men  were  out  on  bail,  with  relatives  on  their 
bonds,  and  attempted  to  leave  the  State  and 
get  out  of  the  jurisdiction  of  the  courts.  This 
plan  was  foreatalled  by  the  officers,  however, 
and  the  men  were  arrested,  handcuffed,  brought 
back  and  Imprisoned,  On  Wednesday  they 
received  sentence.  Clarence  Sanborn  was  sen- 
tenced on  the  various  Indictments  to  a  total  of 
three  years  imprisonment  and  $750  fine. 
Samuel  Sanborn,  one  of  the  other  persons  im- 
plicated, and  whose  trial  was  to  have  come  up 
next,  was  ao  much  impressed  with  the  severity 
of  the  sentence  that  he  pleaded  guilty,  and 
threw  himself  on  the  mercy  of  the  court.  He 
was  given  eighteen  months  in  prison  and  fur- 
ther condemned  to  pay  a  fine  of  $100. 

After  the  sentencing  of  the  Sanborns,  District 
Attorney  Carey  surprised  those  in  the  court- 
room by  asking  for  a  nolle  proifqui  against  E. 
S.  Atkin,  who,  he  said,  informed  the  officers  of 
the  Sanborns'  plan  for  escaping,  and  it  was 
only  by  reason  of  this  information  that  they 
were  recaptured.  The  Judge  granted  the  re- 
quest,    Atkin  is  now  in  Eusenada.  Mei, 

These  people  have  for  several  years  beenoon- 
duoting  business  under  various  names,  the 
principal  one  being  the  "Globe  Patent 
Agency."  Their  ostensible  bnsinees  was  to 
conduct  the  sale  of  patents  and  patent  rights. 

Circulars  were  addressed  to  inventors  all  over 
the  country,  and  by  various  meana  sums  of 
from  $15  to  $20  were  obtained  from  numbers  of 
patentees,  generally  on  the  plea  of  making  a 
search  for  title  to  carry  out  an  impending  sale. 
After  securing  the  money,  nothing  was  done 
and  the  inventors  would  get  no  further  inform- 
ation. Many  complaints  have  been  made  to 
the  police  and  othera,  but  these  aoheraera 
have  heretofore  been  able  to  get  out  of  the  law's 
meshes.  This  time,  however,  they  were  nnable 
to  escape  the  United  States  authorities. 

While  there  are,  of  course,  honest  institutions 
for  the  sale  of  patents,  there  are  also  many  of 
the  kind  conducted  by  these  men.  It  behooves 
patentees,  therefore,  to  icqutre  closely  into 
the  standing  of  those  with  whom  they  have 
dealings  of  that  nature.  If  the  scoundrels 
could  be  weeded  out  of  the  big  cities  and  pun- 
ished as  these  will  be,  it  wonld  be  a  good  thing 
for  the  inventors  of  the  conutry. 


George  Goodman  of  this  city  has  been  en 
gaged  by  Governor  Stanford  to  lay  the  artifioial- 
stone  walks,  in  the  highest  style  of  the  art,  in 
the  arcade  of  the  Lsland  Stanford  Jr.  Univers- 
ity at  Palo  Alto. 

The    Humboldt    reduction    works,    Winne- 
muoca,  Nev,,  will  soon  be  itarted  np  again. 


The  MiDing  Bureau  Museum. 

The  following  are  among  the  recnt  additions 
to  the  collection  of  California  State  Mining 
Bureau  : 

Chalcodite— Santa  Barbara,  from  M.  Goldtree. 
Calamine- Daggett.  San  Bernardino  Co. 
Gold    nugget    (30  oz5.)— Blue    Wing    hydraulic 
mine,  Iowa  Hill.  Cal. 
Gold— Fine  specimen  leaf,  Kelsey,  El  Dorado  Co 
Native  copper  on  analcite— Lake  Superior.    G  o' 
H.   Reilly.  .    ^  "• 

Azurite  and  malachite— Holbrook  &  Cave  mine 
Arizona,  Lewis  Williams.  * 

Large  number  of  Indian  arrow  and  spear  heads 
stone  axes,  etc. — J.  Z    Davis.  ' 

Number  of  polished  specimens  of  Scotch  and 
Irish  granite,  J.  Z   Davis, 

Minerals  from  Eastern  Stales  and  Japan-  J,  2 
Davis. 

Auriferous  porphyry  and  quartz— Cerro  Colorado 
Mexico,  M.  A.  Delfs. 

Rich  gold  quartz— Silver  Peak,  Nevada,  John 
Chiatowitch. 

Gold  quartz  from  Beveridge,  Inyo  Co.,  Cal.,  John 
Chiatowitch. 

Native  silver— Silver  King  mine,  Arizona,  John 
Skinker. 

Gold  in  quartz— Mariposa,  J.  Z.  Davis. 
Several    specimens  of    gold    quartz- El  Dorado 
Cal.,  H.  E.  Siockwell. 
Gold  and  quartz  crystals— Jamestown,  Cal. 
Polished  serpentine — Amador   Co.,    Cat.,    R.    A, 
Weiss. 

Rich  ffold  quartz— Gambetta  and  Mountain  View 
mines,  Fresno  Co. 

Alabaster— White  Plains,  Nevada,  W.  E.  Lind- 
sey. 

Gold  quarlz— Shasta  Co,,  Cal. 
Scheelite— Julian,  San  Diego  Co.,  A.    J.  Burnett. 
Lava — Hawaiian  Islands — J.   Bryant. 
Dendrite— Petaluma,  Cal.,  E.  C.  HesseUine. 
A  number  of  specimens  of  rare  minerals  from  the 
Eastern  States- Miss  S.  P.  Monks. 

Minerals  from  Santa  Catalina  Islands,  and  various 
ores,  building  stones,  etc. 

The  rivers  of  the  State  are  at  a  very  high 
stage,  owing  to  the  rapid  melting  of  the  snow  in 
the  mountains. 


Nine  ComBtook  lode  mines  milled  last   week 
6562  tons  of  ore  valued  at  $7a.27d. 


338 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[May  17,  1890 


CALIFORNIA    WIRE 


MANUt'AUTU&ERS  CF 

Steel  Wire  Rope, 

OF  ALL  KINDS  FOK 

CABLE  RAILWAYS, 

ROPEWAYS  and  TRAMWAYS. 

Mining,  Shipping  &  General  Purposes. 


ESTABLISHED  1852, 


INCCRPORATED  1882. 


WIRE, 

BARBED    WIRE, 

WIRE   NAILS,  .a^j,^  0MI 

WIRE    OLOTH.  ^^^^Bt 

Full  AesortmeDt  Always  In  Stock-  ^  ^ 

♦ ^^       .  *i    • 

-*       ■  «^    ' 

OFFICE:  '-^        "/*•' 

9  Fremont  Street,  San  Francisco. 

SeDd  for  niustrated  Catalogue. 


WORKS 

hallidie's 
Patent  VV'RE  Ropeway, 


For  the  Economical  and  Rapid 

Transportation   of   Ore 

and  other  materiaL 


Erected  by  Ua  During  the  Past  Fourteen  Tears  in  SpanB  o 

200  TO  2.000  FEET. 


Simple,  Economical  and  Durable. 


TRANSPORTATION  OP  ORE   BY  HAI,I.IDIE'S  PATENT  WIRE  ROPEWAY. 


HAVE   BEEN  THOROUGHLY  TESTED 
In  all  Paris  of  the  Country. 


3Ea:xj3xn?i3xrc3rT70  3xr, 


■  MANUFACTURER    OF  ■ 


CENTRIFUGAL  ROLLER  QUARTZ  MILLS, 

Concentrators  and  Ore  Crushers, 
Mining  Machinery  of  Every  Description.        Steam  Engines  and  Shingle  Machines. 


SEND    FOR    CIRCULAR. 


Centrlfag:al  Roller  Quartz  Mill. 


ai3    z*xxiJST    srrxi'EixiT', 


isjsk.xa^    x'xi.A.iNrcixsoo.    c3.<^il>. 


IMPORTANT  TO  GOLD  MINERS! 

SILVER-PLATED  AMALGAM  PLATES  for  SAVING  GOLD 

IN    QUARTZ,    GRAVEL    AND    PLACER    MINING. 
PRICES  GREATLY  REDUCED. 

Only  Refined  Silver  and  Best  Copper  used.    Over  3000  Orders  filled.    Fifteen  Medals  Awarded,    Old  Mining  Plates  can  be 

Replated,    Old  Plates  Bought,  or  Gold  Separated. 

These  Plates  can  also  be  purchased  of  JOHN  TA  VI.OR  &  CO..  Corner  First  and  Mission  StB 

San  Francisco  Gold,  Silver  and  Nickel  Plating  Works,  653  &  655  Mission  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  E.  G.  Denniston,  Prop'r. 

Our  Plates  have  been  used  for  20  years.    They  have  proved  the  best.    We  adhere  strictly  to  contract  In  weleht  of  Sliver  and 
OoDOer.      SiUND  P  iS  GIROUL,AR. 

ESTABLISHED    1866. 


BY    U8ING  

WATER  POWER  TRANSMITTED  BY  ELECTRICITY 

To  Run  your   Mills,   Hoists   and   Trams. 

For  Ctrcalar  f;iviDg  particnlarB  send  to 

KEITH    ELECTRIC    CO., 

—  MANDFACTUBEBS  OF  — 

Apparatus  for  Electric  Light  and  Electric  Power 

OFFICE,  40  NEVADA  BLOCK, 

Factory,  Stevenson  St.,  bet.  First  and  Eoker,  SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL, 


HOISTING  ENGINES  FOR  MINES 


1,  2,  or  4  Drums,  with  Reversible  Link 
Motion  or  Pat.  Improved  Friction. 


MADB  ONLY   BY  THE 


LIDGERWOOD  MT'G  CO.. 

96  Liberty  St.,  New  York. 

84  and  86  West  Monroe  St.,  Chicago. 

197  to  203  Congress  St,  Boston. 

PACIPIO    COAST    AGENTS, 

PARKE  &  LACY  CO.,  San  Francisco. 

Send  for  CatBloene. 


Pacific  Chemical  Works 

HENRY    G.    HANKS, 

Practical  and  Industrial  Chemist,  Assayer 
and  Geologist, 


718  MONTGOMERY  ST., 


SAN  FRANCISCO. 


l^Will  report  on  the  condition  and  value  of  any  mlnlngr  property  on 
tbe  Paoific  Coast.  Rare  Chemloale  made  to  order.  InstruotioDB  given  in 
AiwaytDcr  and  Praotioal  ChRmlHtrv 


Daj's  Improved  Qnartz  Stamp  Mill. 

This  Mill  is  designed  for  the  Prospector,  the  Assayer  and 
Sampler  of  Gold  and  Silver-bearing  rock.  It  is  a  perfect  mill, 
bnili  eniirely  of  metals,  and  of  the  best  meehaDical  construc- 
tion; will  amalgamate  perfectly  in  the  battery  or  on  plates. 
It  strikes  a  sharp,  h  avy  blow  wiih  a  light  stamp.  Shipping 
weight,  225  lbs.     Prire  S75,     Aduress 

ATi:.AS    IBOV    WOKKS.  Cor.  ft  apa  and   Iioniaiana 
Streets,  Fotreru,  dAN    FRANCISCO,  CAL. 

N.  B.— Chapparejx.  Bntte  Co.,  Cal.,  Nov.  10, 18S9.— Mr.  Jas. 
Day,  Chico:  The  litile  mill  is  a  daisy.-  it  comes  up  to  all  ex- 
pectations; it  works  perfect  in  all  respects.    Yours  truly, 

Walker.  Reese  &  Co. 


PERFECT  PULLEYS 

First  Premium  Awarded  at  Mechanics'  Fair,    1884. 

Sole  Licensed  Manufacturers  of  the 

MESART    PATENT    WKOTTGHT    EIM    PULIET 

For  the  States  of  California,  Oregon  and  Nevada,  and  the  Territories  of  Idaho,  WashlofftOD 

Uootana,  Wyoming,  Utah  and  Arizona.      Lightest,  Strongest,  Cheapest  and 

Best  Balanced  Pulley  in  tbe  World.      Also  Manufacturera  of 

PAT.  ooT.  25.1881.         SHAFTING,    HANGERS    AND    APPURTENANCES. 

ia*  SHKS  POR  ClROIJIiARa  AKD  PRIOB  LiST.*^ 
Mon.    190«,Tif1    IHI    TTTnilMONT  STRWWT  ^AW     TPRAWniSnO.  OAT.. 


DEWEY  &  CO.  {"'^S.iS4fo?.Ya1-^,o?i'}  PATENT  AGENTS. 


Mat  17,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


339 


AMALCAMATIHC  MACHINERY. 

stamp  Mills  lor  Wet  or  Dry  Crushing. 
Huntington  Centrilugal  Quartz  Mill.  Drying 
Cylinders.  Amalgamating  Pans,  Settlers, 
Agitators  and  Concentrators.  Retorts.  Bul- 
lion and  ingot  Moulds,  Conveyors,  Elevators, 
Bruckners  and  Howell's  improved  Wtiite's 
Roasting  Furnaces,  Etc. 


FRASER  &  CHALMERS, 

MINING  MACHINERY 


IMPROVED  CORLISS  vA\'v°e'sV^I^,  ENGINES.     ^     BOILERS 


CONCENTRATINC  MACHINERY. 

Blake.  Dodge  and  Comet  Crushers,  Cornish 
Crushing  and  Finishing  Rolls.  Hartz  Plunger 
and  Collom  Jigs.  Frue  Vanner  &  Embrey 
Concentrators,  Evans*.  Calumet.  Collom's 
and  RIttenger's  Slime  Tables.  Trommels. 
Wire  Cloth  and  Punched  Plates.  Ore  Sam- 
ple  Grinders  and  Heberle  Mills. 


HORIZONTAL.    VERTICAL 
.  .  .  AND  SECTIONAL.  .  .  . 


'XSff]P^OVSD     S^^ik 


Hoisting  Engines, 
Safety  Cages, 

Safety  Hooks, 

Ore  CARS,  Water  &  Ore 
BUCKETS, 

Air  Compressors, 

Rock  Drills,  Etc. 

GENERAL  MILL  AND 
MINING  SUPPLIES,  ETC. 
Sectional  Machinery 

FOR 

MULE-BACK 

TRANSPORTATION. 


Pumping  Engines 

and  Cornish 

Pumping  Machinery, 

IMPROVED 
WATER    JACKET 

Blast  Furnaces  for 
Galena  &  Copper  Ores, 

SLAG  CARS  AND  POTS, 

Roots  &  Baker 
Pressure  Blowers, 

SUSPENDED 

TRAMWAYS. 


General  Offices  and  Works:     FULTON  AND  UNION  STS.,  CHICAGO,  iLL. 


nPAUrU    nrriPFC-    "^^  YORK,  Room  43,  no.  2  wan  St.        DENVER,  COLO.,  1316  Eighteenth  St.       SALT  LAKE   CITY,  UTAH, 
Pnnnun    UrriOCO.        7  y^,  second  South   St.       London,  ENC,  23   Bucklersbury,  E.  C.       CHIHUAHUA  CITY,    MEXICO,  No.  I  I 
Calls  de  Juarez.        LIMA,  PERU,  South  America.       JOHANNESBURG.  TRANSVAAL,  South  Africa. 

HKLGNA,  MONTANA,  Koom  28,  Merchants'  National  Bank  BolldlDg,  No.  North  Main  St. 
SOliW    WESTERN    AGENTS    FOB    TYLER    WIRE    WORKS    DODBL.B    ORIiaPmD    MINING    OLOTH8. 


THE     FELTON     WATER     "WHEEL 

GIVES    THE    HIGHEST    EFFICIENCY    OF    ANY    WHEEL    IN     THE    WORLD. 


.¥ 


-/>%. 


OVER  800  ALREADY  IN  USE. 

Affords  the  Most  Simple  and  Reliable  Power  for  all 
Mining   and   Manufaotariag   Machinery. 

Adapted  to  heads  running  from  20  up  to  2,000  feet. 

From  12  to  20  per  cent  better  results  guaranteed  than 
can  be  produced  from  any  other  Wheel  in  the  Conntry. 

ELECTRIC  TRANSMISSION. 

Power  rom  these  Wheels  can  be  transmitted  long 
distances  with  small  loss,  and  is  now  extensively  used  in 
alliparts  of  the  country  for  generating  both  power  and 
light. 

APPLICATIONS 

Should  state  amount,  and  head  of  water,  power  required, 
and  for  what  purpose  ;  with  approximate  length  of  pipe  ; 
also,  whether  the  application  is  with  reference  to  Wheels 
or  Motors  described  below.     SEND  FOR  CIRCULARS. 

The  Pelton  Water  Wheel  Co. 

121  MAIir  ST„  S&N  FBANCISCO,  CAL. 


OIST      -'UV.A.TESJFt      3VI 


Varying  from  the  fraction  of  1  up  to  15  and  20-horse  power.     Unequaled   for   all   light-runnlnsr   machinery.     Warranted  to  develop  a  given 
amount  of  power  with  one-half  the  water  required  by  any  other.     ^  SEND  FOR  MOTOR  CIRCULAR.     ADDRESS  AS  ABOVE. -^i 


JAMBS    LBFFBL'S 

Mining  Turbine  Water  Wheel. 

These  Wheels  &re  designed  (or  all  purposes  where  limited  quantities  of  water  and 
high  heads  are  utilized,  and  are  guaranteed  to  give  more  power  with  lesB  water  than 
any  other  wheel  made.  Beioi^r  placed  on  horizontal  shaft,  the  power  Is  transmitted 
direct  to  shoftlng  by  belts,  dispensing  with  gearing. 

Estimates  furnished  on  application  for  wheels  specially  built  and  adapted  in 
capacity  to  suit  any  particular  case. 

Further  information  can  be  obtained  of  this  form  of  construction,  as  well  as  the 
ordinary  Vertical  Turbines  for  Wooden  Penstocks  and  In  Iron  Globe  Cases,  free  of  cost, 
by  applying  to  the  manufacturers. 


JAMES    LEFPEL    &    OO., 


Springfield,  Ohio, 


or  110  Liberty  St„  Hew  York, 


FBASER    &    CHALMERS,  General  Asenta, 

Ohlcago,  111.,  and  Denver,  CoL 

FARKE    &    liAOY,  General  Agents,  San  Franclaco,  Cal. 


CALIFORNIA    IRON  YARD. 

HHNRY  J.  ROGERS  &  OO. 

Successors  to  CHA3.  CALLAHAN 


IMPORTBRS  AJJD   DEALHRS   IN 


CAST  and  WROUGHT  IRON  SCRAP 

SECOND-HAND     BOILBRS 

AND  OLD  MACHINERY 

0(  every  deaorlption. 

Tie  Higlest  Price  pall  for  all  MMs  ol  Metals, 


Ofpiob  ahb  Yard: 


128  and  1 30  Folaom  St., 

Telephone  No.  67. 


tihouid  consuit 
DEWEY&CO 

AME  B.  J  OAN 


California  Inventors 

AND  FoBEioN  PATENT  BoLiciTOHH,  for  obtaining  Patents 
and  Caveata.  Established  in  1860,  Their  long  experience  as 
Journalists  and  large  practice  as  Patent  attorneys  enables 
them  to  offer  Pacitic  Coast  Inventors  far  better  survice  than 
they  can  obtain  elsewhere.  Send  for  free  olroulara  of  Infor- 
mation, Office  of  the  MiNiNO  ANDaoiENTirio  Prbbb  and 
Paoipio  Btteial  PBKsa  No,  aao  Mkrket  8.,  San  Frondaoo. 
Klnator.  U  Front  Sft. 


THOMAS  PRICE  &  SON, 

Assay  Office,  Chemical  Laboratory, 

BULLION  ROOMS  and  ORE  FLOORS, 

524  Sacramento  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

COIN  RETURNS  ON  ALL  BULLION  DEPOSITS  IN  24  HOURS. 

WORKING    TESTS    OF    ORES    BY    ALL    PROCESSES. 

SPECIAL  ATTENTION  PAID  TO  CONCENTRATION  OF  ORES. 
Ores  Received  on  Qonaignment.  Sampled,  Assayed,  and  Disposed 
of  in  the  Open  Market  to  tbe  HlKbest  Bidder. 


(Aetalllirgy  apd  Ore^. 


SELBY 

SMELTING  and  LEAD  CO.. 

416  Montgomery  St.,  San  Francisco, 

GOLD    AND    SILVER    REFINERY 
And  Assay  Office. 

Highest  Prices  Paid  for  Qold,  Silver  and 
Lead  Ores  and  Solphurets. 

HANU?AOTaRBRj8  Or 

BLUESTONE, 

LEAD  PIPE, 

SHEET  LEAD, 

SHOT,  Etc.,  Etc. 

ALSO  UANDFACTURliU    OP 

Standard    Shot-Gun    Cartridges, 

Under  GhambetliQ  PatenL 


JOHN  TAYLOR  &  CO.. 

lUPORTBElB  AND  OBALBRfi  tM 

ASSAYERS'    MATERIALS,     MINE 
AND  MILL  SUPPLIES, 

ALSO  CHEMICALS,   AND    PHYSICAL,  SCHOOL    AND 

CHEMICAL  APPARATUS. 
63  &  65  First  St.,  cor.  Mission,  San  Franclsoo. 
Ay.-^      We  would  call  the  attention  of 
^  '^  Aesayers,  Chenjlsta,  Mining  Com- ' 
paniea,  Milling  Companies,  Pros- 
pectors, etc.,  to  our  full  stock  of  

Balances,  Furnacee,  Muffles,  Cruciblea,  Soon- 
flere,  etc.,  including,  also,  a  full  stock  of 
Chemicals. 

Having  been  engaged  In  furnishing  these  sup- 
plies Bioot  tbe  first  discovery  of  mines  on  the 
Faciflo  Coast,  we  (eel  confident  from  our  experi- 
ence we  can  well  suit  the  demand  for  theae 
gooda,  both  as  to  quality  and  price. 

Agents  for  tbe  Morgan  Crucible  Co.. 
Battersca,  England.  Also  for  E.  O.  Dennis- 
ton's  Silver  Plated  Amalgam  Plates.  The  plates 
of  this  well-known  manufacturer  are  thoroughly  rello* 
ble,  and  full  weight  of  Silver  guaranteed.  Ordois  taken 
at  hia  lowest  prices.  Our  Illiistrated  Catalogue  and  As 
say  Tables  sent  free  on  application. 

JOHN  TAYLOR  A  OO. 


Nevada  Metallurgical  Works, 

NO.  28  STEVENSON  STREET, 

Near  First  and  Market  Streets,  S.  F. 

C.  A.  LuoKHARDT,  Manager.  Establishhd  1809 

Ores  worked  by  any  ProoeBS, 
Ores  Sampled. 

ABsaying  in  all  its  Branches. 
Analyses  of  Ores,  Minerals,  Waters,  eto. 
Working  Tests  (practical)  Made, 
Flans   and   Specifications   furnished   for   tbe 
most  suitable  Process  for  Working  Ores. 

Special  attention  paid   to  ExaminationB  of 
Mines;  Plans  and  Reports  furnished. 

O.  A.  LUOKHARDT  &  00„ 
(Formerly  Huhn  tt  Luokbardt, 
Ulnlnff  Enfflneera  and  Metallurfrlata 


GREAT    REDUCTION! 

BATTERY~~SOREENS. 

Best  and  Cheapest  In  America. 

No  imitation,  no  deception,  no  planished  or  rotten 
Iron  used.  Only  genuine  Russia  iron  In  Quartz  Screens. 
Planished  iron  screens  at  nearly  half  my  former  rates. 

I  ha\e  a  large  supply  of  Battery  Screens  on  hand 
suitable  for  the  Huntington  and  all  Stamp  Milla,  which  I 
will  aell  at  20  per  oent  discount. 


PERFORATED  SHEET  METAL 

For  Flour  and  Rice  Mills,  Grain  Separators,  Revolving 
and  Shot  Screens,  Stamp  Batteries  and  all  kinds  of  Mln 
Ing  and  Milling  Machinery.  Iron,  Steel,  Copper,  Brass. 
Zinc  and  other  metals  punched  for  all  uses. 

Inventor  and  Manufacturer  of  the  celebrated  Slot  Cut 
or  burred  and  Slot  Punched  Screens. 

Mining  Screens  a  specialty,  from  No.  1  to  16  (fine). 
Orders  promptly  attended  to. 

San  Francisco  Pioneer  Screen  Works, 

SSI  &  S23  First  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

JOHN  TV.  QUICK,  Proprietor. 


WINCHESTER  HOUSE. 


44  Third  Street, 


San  Francisco,  Gal, 


This  Fire  proof  Brick  Building  iB  centrally  located,  in 
the  healthiest  tart  of  the  city,  only  a  ball  biocli  from  the 
Qrand  and  Palace  HotelB,  and  close  to  all  ULeamboat  and 
(Railroad  OtBces. 

Laundry  Free  for  the  use  of  Families. 

HOT  AND  COLD  BATHS  FREE. 


Terms,  Board  and  Room,  $1.00  per  Day 

And  Upward. 

Booms  with  or  without  Board, 

Free  Coach  to  the  Home, 


340 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[May  17,  1890 


II]af^kfi  -Reports. 


Local  Markets.    . 

San  Feancisco,  May  15,  1890. 
Geoeral  trade  the  past  week  has  been  fairly  active 
in  all  branches.  The  iron  molders'  strike  appears  to 
be  fast  becoming  a  thing  of  the  past,  while  strikes  in 
other  lines  of  occupation  have  not  materialized;  yet 
the  threats  held  out  hang  like  an  incubus  over  busi- 
ness in  its  special  depirtments. 

The  local  money  market  is  easy  under  continued 
fair  remittances  and  no  particular  demand.  The 
favorable  reports  received  from  the  agricultural  dis- 
tricts regarding  the  crop  prospects,  and  from  the 
mining  districts  regarding  the  mines,  are  calculated 
to  inspire  confidence,  and  with  favorable  silver  leg- 
islation, more  active  speculation  ought  to  set  in. 
SILVER— The  markets  at  the  East  and  abroad 
made  a  slight  advance  the  forepart  of  the  week,  but 
toward  the  close  prices  have  h  Id  steady.  Wi(h  us, 
exporters  are  not  operating.  The  Mint  paid  $1.03  J^ 
here,  but  at  the  Eist  more  was  paid.  A  press  dis- 
patch reports  that  the  strength  of  the  market  abroad 
is  due  to  the  small  obtainable  supplies  and  a'so  to 
New  York  buying  coming  in  competition  with  the 
India  demand.  In  this  city,  comparatively  little 
silver  is  offering  for  sale.  Congressional  legislation 
is  being  closely  watched.  BimetalUsts  are  confi- 
dent of  securing  free  coinage. 

To-day's  cables  from  London  quote  silver  at 
47}id.  New  York  telegrams  come  through  un- 
changed.    Our  market  is  unchanged. 

QUICKSILVER— Receipts  the  past  week  aggre- 
gate  325  flasks,  and  exports  by  sea  123  flasks  to 
Mexico.  The  market  is  fairly  active  at  current 
quotations, 

LIME— Receipts  the  past  week  aggregate  4635 
bbls,  and  exports  by  sea  100  bbls  to  Honolulu. 
The  market  is  fairly  active,  ■  although  threatened 
strikes  by  carpenters  are  a  disturbing  element. 

LEAD — Exports  by  sea  the  past  week  aggregate 
10.057  ^tis  to  Victoria.  Receipts  with  us  continue 
light.  The  market  is  steady.  At  the  East  the 
market  is  firm,  but  quiet. 

SPELTER — A  combination  has  been  formed  in 
European  circles  looking  to  higher  prices. 

TIN — Imports  the  past  week  aggregate  1441  lbs 
ingot.  The  exports  by  sea  aggregate  as  follows. 
To  Petrodaulofski,  i645lbs. ;  Victoria,  20,270  lbs.: 
The  market  shows  more  strength.  The  demand  is 
slightly  freer.  English  advices  report  that  the  mar- 
ket is  under  good  control,  and  in  order  to  buy,  full 
prices  are  necessary.  On  the  beginning  of  May  the 
visible  supply  abroad  showed  a  decrease  of  885  tons. 
The  foreign  market  appears  to  be  controlled  by  spec- 
ulative influences. 

COPPER— The  market  continues  to  exhibit 
strength.  A  London  cable  to  the  /rou  A^e  says: 
"  Copper  has  been  in  good  demand  and  prices  are 
stronger  throughout.  Large  sales  have  been  made  of 
Sheets  and  Yellow  Metal  for  India  account.  French 
holders  have  sold  heavily  of  their  stock,  and  a  large 
business  in  furnace  material  has  been  done  also. 
Sales  recently  of  the  latter  include  1300  tons  Ana- 
conda Argentiferous,  private  terms;  583  tons  Ana- 
conda Matte  at  QS,  9J^d. ;  200  tons  ditto  at  los. 
and  212  tons  ditto  at  xos.  i%d..,  all  to  arrive 
in  Liverpool.  The  prospects  for  the  future  in  the 
copper  market  are  considered  bright."  At  the  East, 
buyers  bid  full  prices,  but  holders  are  reluctant 
sellers.  Casting  brands  at  the  East,  as  well  as 
Lake  product,  are  higher  and  active  at  the  advance. 
Bankers  are  said  to  have  sold  2,000,000  lbs. 
Arizona,  and  now  hold  comparatively  little  of  that 
class   of  copper, 

IRON— The  market  shows  more  ease,  but  is  not 
quotable  lower.  The  consumption  is  increasing. 
Prospective  higher  outward  wheat  charters  will 
probably  cause  more  shipments.  The  matket  is 
tending  up  abroad  under  stronger  speculation. 

COAL— Imports  the  past  week  aggregate  as 
follows:  Nanaimo,  8S24  tons;  Departure  Bay, 
4867;  Seattle,  5950;  Tacoma,  4350;  Coos  Bay, 
775;  total,  24,846  tons.  The  tonnage  on  the  way 
from  Australia  is  increasing,  yet  the  prospective 
early  shipments  are  light,  causing  a  stronger  feeling. 
For  loading  toward  the  close  of  the  year,  the  market 
is  a  shade  stronger.  For  near-by  cargoes,  the  mar- 
ket is  very  strong.  Coast  coals  continue  to  come 
in  freely,  causing  an  easy  market. 


Eastern  Metal  Markets. 

By  Telegraph. 

New  York,   May  15,  1890. — The  following  are 
the  closing  prices  the  past  week: 
Silver  In    Silver  in 


London. 

New  York 

Copper. 

Lead. 

Tin. 

rhuraday..  .464 

1  02 

S15  00 

S4  07S 

S20  75 

Friday 47 

1  03i 

15  00 

4  05 

21  10 

Saturday 47 

1  04 

14  95 

4  05 

21  16 

Monday 47 

1  04} 

15  10 

4   07i 

21  40 

Tuesday 47 

1  043 

15  00 

4  05 

21  30 

Wednesday.. 47.i 

1  04} 

14  86 

4  05 

20  70 

Nkw  York,  May  13.— Sales  of  Copper  for  the  week, 
1,000,000  Ibg  Lake  held  at  15  ;  Arizona.  13Jc,  ca-tiog. 
Thet-e  prices  are  d-  emed  to  be  full,  in  view  of  the  liberal 
supplits  lately  taken.  London,  £50  7d  fid,  spot;  £50  6b 
future. 

Pig-  Lead,  quiet;  no  speculation.  Large  lots  of  40-car 
lots,  .^4.02i@34.05. 


Coal. 


TO  LOAI>. 

Per  Ton. I  Per  Ton. 

Australian...     7  50  @  7  75|Lehigh  Lump..  16  50@17  00 

LivejpoolSt'm    8  50  @ Cumberland  bk  16  00@ 

Scotch  Splint.     8  50  @  9  00  Egg,  hard 15  50@- 

Jardiff 9  00@  9  50| 

SPOT    FROM  YARD. 


MINING    SHAREHOLDERS'    DIRECTORY. 

Compiled  bvert  Thurbday  from  Advhhtisbmbnts  in  thb  Mining  asd  Scibntific  Press  akd  othbr  S.  F.  Jooesalb 

ASSESS  lUEENTS. 
COMP'NT.  Location.  No.  Am't.  Lbvibd. 


Wellington %  9  00 

Greta     8  50 

Westminster  Brymbo.    9  Oo 

Nanaimo 9  00 

Sydney 8  50 

Oilman 7  flo 


Seattle 7  00 

Coos  Bay 6  00 

Cannel 12  00 

Egg,  hard  .: 18  00 

Cumberland,  In  sacks  15  00 
do.  bulk 14  00 


CANADIAN   ANTHRACITE   COAL. 

Egg.shipside $12  5(  jStovr-,  yard 815  00 

E^g,  yard 15  CO'Nut,  yard 15  00 


b  4  70 


San  Francisco  Metal  Market. 

WHOLES  AI.B. 

THUB9DAT,  May  15, 1! 

Antimony 22@ 

Borax— Refined,  in  carload  lota 8  @ 

Powdered  "        "       "    a@ 

Concentrated      "         "       "    7i@ 

All  grades  jobbing  at  an  advance. 

OOPPER— 

Bolt 23  @ 

aheathinET 23  @ 

Ingot,  jobbing 17  @ 

do,  wholesale —  @ 

Fire  Box  Sheets 23  M 

Lead— Pig 4i@ 

Bar 5  @ 

Sheet 7  @ 

Pipe , e  @ 

Shot,  discount  10%  on  500  bags     Drop,  S  bag.  1  45  @ 

Buck.^bag 1  65  @ 

Chilled,  do 1  85  @ 

TiNPLATE— E.  v.,  steel  grade.  14i20,to  arrive.      —  ftt 

B.  v.,  steel  grade,  14x20,  spot 4 

Oharooal,  14x20 6  75  f*  7  00 

do  roofing,  14x20 600(^      — 

do,  do,  20s28 12  00  (^      — 

Pig  tin,  spot,  ^  ft. 21  @      — 

CoKE-Eng,  ton,  spot,  in  blk 13  50  C*14  50 

Do,  do,  to  load 14  50  @15  50 

QmoKSiLVEB— By  thetiask. 50  00  Ca53  00 

Plaskfl,  new @     — 

THaahe.  old    •. 35  @ 

Chrome  Iron  Ore,  ^  ton 10  C0@ 

Iron -Bar,  base 3  @        3) 

Norway,  base 45@       h\ 

Steel— English,  lb 16  @     20 

CaQton  tool 9@        9 

BUick  Diamond  tool 9  @       9 

Pick  and  Hammer 8  w     10 

Machinery 4@       5 

Toe  Calk 4i@       — 

Spot.  Tn  T,nftfl 

Iron— Olengamock  ton 35  00  " 

Eglinton,  ton .,,.35  00 

American  Soft,  No,  1,  ton.. 

Oregon  Pig,  ton 

Puget  Sound 35  00 

OLty  Lane  White —   - 

Bhotta,  No.l 35  00 

Ear  Iron  (base  price)  ^  ft). . .      — 

Langloan  35  00 

Thoi-nclifle 35  00 

Qartflherrle 35  00 

Bartow,.,,, 35  00  @— 

Thomas..,, , ,.35  00  @ 

Oargofleet, ,,,,,,,,,, 32  50  @—  r^ 


Mining  Share  Market. 

The  mining  share  market  the  past  week  showed 
continued  depression  in  the  Comstocks.  On  Call 
the  dealings  partook  largely  of  transactions  to  make 
quotations,  but  after  Call,  the  manipulation  was  to 
take  in  stock.  To  facilitate  the  buying,  more  as- 
sessments were  levied.  These  coming  on  such  a  de- 
. pressed  market,  caused  many  outsiders  to  sell — com- 
pelled in  many  cases  to  do  so  by  calls  for  money 
from  their  brokers  to  keep  their  margin  good. 
Many  brokers,  as  usual,  helped  the  down  movement 
as  far  as  lay  in  their  power.  Now  that  the  pool 
has  bought  all  the  stock  possible  through  scares 
and  assessment,  it  ought  to  hi  in  order  for  its  mem- 
bers to  put  the  market  up  so  as  to  sell  the  cheap- 
bought  stocks  at  higher  prices  and  let  the  public 
pay  assessments.  This  has  been  the  case  hereto- 
fore, and  undoubtedly  will  be  so  again,  notwith- 
standing the  points  are  out  that  the  market  will 
drag  up  to  about  July  ist,  when  it  will  revive,  as 
pumping  of  the  Gold  Hill  mines  will  be  commenced 
at  that  time.  The  points,  of  course,  are  for  a 
lively  and  high  summer  deal,  in  which  the  passing 
of  the  silver  bill  is  expected  to  cut  a  very  important 
figure. 

We  still  hold  to  the  opinion  that  the  work  going 
on  in  the  mines  warrants  higher  prices  for  the 
stock,  and  that  at  any  time  the  manipulators  of 
stocks  can  have  ore  run  into  any  of  the  mines  so 
as  to  make  the  sky-rocket  moves  similar  to  those 
made  by  Potosi,  Confidence  and  Challenge.  These 
are  made  so  quickly  on  the  up  grade  that 
to  sell  so  as  to  gel  advantage  of  the  rise,  the 
seller  must  have  the  selling  order  in  ahead  or  else 
waste  no  time  in  having  the  stock  sold  when  the 
rapid  up  move  is  being  made.  Until  a  new  order 
of  things  is  inaugurated,  it  is  useless  to  look  for  any 
big  deal,  only  little  steals,  for  those  now  reported  to 
be  in  power  are  not  given  to  anything  except  the 
latter.  It  looks  very  much  as  if  the  ring  or  pool 
not  only  wants  to  get  away  with  all  the  bullion 
taken  out  of  the  mines,  but  also  to  make  stock- 
holders pay  assessments,  and  to  get  them  to  do  so, 
make  little  stealing  false  moves  in  the  stock  market. 
Our  Virginia  City  correspondent  aptly  puts  the  situ- 
ation  as  follows: 

"  Sam  Jones  and  Lon  Hamilton,  superintendents 
respectively  of  Belcher  and  Crown  Point,  ChoUar 
and  Potosi,  are  paying  the  Comstock  a  brief  visit 
prior  to  their  return  to  some  summer  resort.  May- 
be they  have  come  up  to  see  if  their  mines  are  not 
giving  out  their  steady  output  of  ore  for  the  exclu- 
sive benefit  of  the  Nevada  Mill  Co.  Mines  under 
their  managemeat  are  worked  exclusively  in  the  in- 
terest of  the  Nevada  Mill  Co.,  and  the  sooner  all 
the  stockholders  awake  to  that  fact  and  demand 
their  rights,  the  sooner  this  mill  ring  will  take  a 
back  seat." 

Several  other  mines  are  said  to  be  run  in  the  in- 
terest of  a  ring  and  not  in  that  of  stockholders. 
Until  the  latter  work  in  concert  with  the  Mining 
Slock  Association  looking  to  the  securing  of  their 
rights,  the  rings  will  continue  the  old  game  of 
"  heads  you  lose,  tails  I  win.'' 

Our  Virginia  City  correspondent  asserts  with  con- 
fidence that  both  Overman  and  Seg.  Belcher  ought 
to  pay  dividends  with  the  present  showing  in  the 
mines.  He  also  claims  that  the  Virginia  City  share- 
holders are  banding  together  to  see  that  the  mines 
shall  be  run  more  in  the  interest  of  stockholders,  so 
that  dividends  and  not  assessments  shall  follow. 
He  says  that  at  least  25,000  shares  of  Overman  are 
held  in  that  city,  bought  by  those  who  believe  the 
property  to  be  a  mine,  and  that  under  honest  man- 
agement dividends  will  be  paid.  While  our  corre- 
spondent may  be  correct,  yet  it  is  only  right  to  give 
the  management  of  Overman  a  little  more  time,  for 
according  to  the  oflicial  letters,  the  mine  is  now  net- 
ting an  income  and  may  pay  dividends  in  the  near 
future.  While  doing  this  a  close  watch  can  be  kept 
on  the  mine  and  mill. 

A  friend  takes  us  to  task  for  saying  that  Con. 
Virginia  crushed  more  ore  ;in  April  than  in  March, 
and  cites  the  monthly  statement  of  the  company  to 
prove  that  we  are  wrong.  The  weekly  letters  sworn 
to  by  the  superintendent  of  the  mine,  show  that  the 
ore  milled  was  as  follows,  by  weeks; 
March  Tons. 

7 2,530 

14 2,730 

21 2,890 

28 2,792 

Total .■ 10,942 

April 

* 2,815 

11 2.830 

18 2,846 

25 2,929 

Total U,42g 


Acme  M  &  M  Co California..  10.. 

Alpha  Cons  M  Co Nevada..  4. 

Andes  S  M  Co Nevada.. 36. 

Belcher  M  Co Nevada.  .39. 

Beat  &  Belcher  M  Co Nevada .  .46, 

Challenge  Cnns  M  Co Nevada..  6, 

Confidence  S  M  Co Nevada,.  16. 

Cons  Imperial  M  Co Nevada.  .27. 

Del  Monte  M  Co Nevada  .  3. 

Gold  Hill  M  Co California..  9. 

Gould  k  Curry  M  Co Nevada.  .64. 

Gray  Kagle  M  Co California.. 17. 

Hale  ft  tiorcross  M  Co Nevada.. 05. 

Hartford  M  Oo Nevada..  7. 

Kentuck  M  Oo Nevada.. 21. 

Locomotive  M  Co Arizona..  7. 

Mexican  M  Co., Nevada. .40. 

Morning  Star  Cons  M  Co Arizona..  1. 

Navajo  M  Co Nevada.  .20. 

North  Belle  Isle  M  Co Nevada.  .17. 

North  Commonwealth  M  Co. ...Nevada.,   i. 

North  Occidental  M  Co Nevada..  2. 

Oec  dental  uons  M  Oo Nevada,.  6. 

ii'eerlesa  M  Co Arizona..  5,, 

Potosi  M  Co N evada. , 34 . . 

Seg  Belcher  &Mide8  0onBMCo.Nevada..  6. 

Sierra  Nevada  M  Co Nevada,. 97. 

Silver  HiU  M  Oo Nevada.  .26, 

Standard  Cons.  M  Co Oalifirnia..  2. 

Teresa  M  Co Mexico . .  1 . 


3.  .Mar  20 
25..  Apr  5. 
25,.  Apr  10. 
50.. Apr  29., 

25.  .May  17. 
50. .May  14. 
75,. May  10,. 

5.,  Apr  17., 
20.  .Apr  16.. 
25..  Apr  17.. 
30, .Apr  28.. 

....May  1., 
50..  Apr     9.. 

2,.  Apr  8,. 
30,. Apr  29., 

5..  May  1.. 
25.,  May  13. 

2.. Apr  3U.. 
50..  Apr    8., 
20..  Apr     8..,. May  14... 
25. .Apr  16., ..May  21.. 

6. .Mar  31...  May  5.. 
25,, Apr  28.,.. June  6... 
10. .Mar  28....Apr  30... 
50  Mar  27.. ..Apr  30.,, 
30,. May  5.. ..June  9... 
50. .May  10.,..Jun  12.. 
20. .Apr  14....May20,. 
25. .Mar  4.. ..Apr  14.. 
10, .May    9.,..Jun  13.. 


Delinq  t.     Salb.     Secretary.  Place  of  Bnsraiss. 

May  15. .  .June   9, .  J  M  Buffington 303  Cah'fomia  Sb 

...June  5..C  S  Elliott 309  MoutgomprySt 

..June  3..J  J  Hawkins 309  Montiomery  St 

..Jun  24.. CL  Perkins 329  Pine  St 

...July  8..L  O^bom 309  Montgomery  St 

,.  July  8..CL  McCoy 329  Pine  St 

. .  July  2. .  A  S  Groth 414  California  St 

..June  11.. C  L  McCoy 3i9  Pine  St 

-June  13.  .J  W  Pew 310  Pine  St 

.June   10,. 0  A  Gross Phelan  Block 

..Jun  26.. A  K  Durbim 3C9  Montgomery  St 

..June  30,  .J  M  Buffington 303  OaUfomia  St 

..June  5.',AB  Tnompson 309  Montgomery  St 

,  June  6..  J  Herrmann 303  California  St 

..Jun  24.. J  VV  Pew 310  Pine  St 

..Jun  23.. A  HFiah 309  Montgomery  St 

.  .July  9.  .C  E  Elliott 309  Montgomery  St 

..Jun  21.. I  W  Nowlin 230  Montgomery  St 

..Jime  6.,JWPew 310  Pine  St 

. .  June  5, .  J  W  Pew 310  Pine  8t 

June  25..J  WPew 310  Pine  St 

,  May  26. .  W  H  Watson 302  Montgomery  St 

,Jun  30., A  K  Durbim 309  Montgomery  St 

.  June  9 . .  A  Waterman 308  Mootfeomery  St 

.May21..CE  Elliott 309  Moutgomery  St 

June  SO.  .E  E  Holmes 309  Montgomery  St 

..July  2..EL  Parker. 309  Monteomery  St 

. .June  11. .D  C  Bates 309  Montgomery  St 

.May  19.,  J  W  Pew 310  Pi oe  St 

,Jun2i).,ACheminant 328  Montgomery  St 


,.,Mayl6 
, .  .May  14. 
.'.Jirne  3.. 
,..Junl7. 
...Jun  17. 
..Jun  13., 
.  .May  22. 
..May  26.. 
,  .May  24,. 
..June  3., 
..June  10.. 
.May  14., 
.  May  15., 
..June  3., 
..Jun  4., 
,.,Jun  IS. 
..May  31.. 
,  .May  15. , 


MEETINOS  TO  BB  HSILD. 
Name  or  Comfant.  Location.    Skoretart  Offioe  in  S.  P.  Meeting  Date 

OhriafcyMPo, VV^*^^  "^^^P'^"^^  310  Pine  St Annual May  19 

Humboldt  M  Co Nevada., J  0  Ruddock 303  CaUfoinia  Sh Annual May  26 

Silver  Hill  M  Co        ...Nevada,.  DC  Bates 309  Montgomery  St Annual May  26 

Suiter  Creek  G  M  Co California.  .P  E  Luty 330  Pine  St Annual .....June  3 

LATEST  DIVIDENDS— WITHIN  THREE  MONTHS. 
Name  of  Company.  Location,     Seuebtahy.  Offiob  in  S.  P.  Amount.  Payabi-e 

...    10 Jan  90 

f^  i^  ^f  ■  ^^  7^ r,       ^  A  ■^?c^«°^°aotv.v.•^••■mMont7ome^st^^^v.^^^^^^   o8.'.'.'.';!;!'v.*'.'Mayi& 

Con  CaMorma  &  Va  M  Co Nevada.  .A  W  Havene 309  Montgomery  St  SB  Feb  10 

Derbec  Blue  Gravel  M  Co California,. T  WetzeL 622  Montpomery  St  "  '       10 Apr  24 

Idaho  MOo California .Grass  Valley     2  50' Mar  7 

Mt  Diablo  M  Co Nevada.  .K  Heath 319  Pine  St 30 Oct  2? 

Pacific  Borax  Salt  &  Soda  Co... California,.  A  H  Clougb 230  Montgomery  St 1  00 May  10 


Champion  M  Oo Calif oniia..T  Wetzel 522  Montgomery  St 

Candelaria  Cons  M  Co Mexico,. G  Gato 309  Montgomery  St  ' 

Caledonia  M  0 Nevada..  *  "  '^'-  — • -«^  .-  _   ■• 


Battery  assay. 

SiJ7  72 

27  SS 

24  10 

22  16 


21  95 
21.25 
21  50 

21  68 


For  the  week  ending  May  2d,  there  was  milled 
2754  tons,  average  battery' essay,  $22.25. 

The  monthly  statement,  published  by  authority, 
gave  the  following  aggregate  for  March: 

Tons  milled,  12,330;  battery  assays,  $24.47;*coinor 
bullion  value,  J19.96  per  ton,  of  which  $10.74  was 
in  gold  and  $9.22  in  silver.  For  April  the  statement 
was  as  follows:  Tons  milled,  11,940;  battery  assay, 
$22.86;  coin  or  bullion  value,  $16.30^  a  ton,  of 
which  $8.o5K  was  in  gold  and  $8,25  in  silver.  By 
examinmg  the  above  it  will  be  seen  that  in  the 
month  of  March  the  difference  between  the  battery 
assays  and  bullion  return  was  $4,56  a  ton,  and  in 
April  the  difference  was  $6,505!^  a  ton.  Mining 
men  and  stockholders  can  draw  their  own  conclu- 
sions from  the  above,  but  the  ore  milled  shows  that 
we  were  correct. 

Crown  Point's  coin  or  bullion  output  last  month 
was  over  $49,100.  After  paying  all  expenses,  the 
mine  managers  remitted  $7303  in  cash  to  the  San 
Francisco  office. 

Reliable  private  news  from  the  Comstock  mines 
continues  very  encouraging  and  confirmatory  of 
what  we  have  previously  published.  The  official 
letters  received  yesterday  (Wednesday)  from  Crown 
Point,  Challenge,  Belcher  and  Seg.  Belcher,  are  of 
a  more  encouraging  character  than  for  all  of  three 
weeks  past.  From  the  outside  mines  the  news  con- 
tinues favorable. 

Our  letter  from  Virginia  City,  received  to-day, 
reports  that  the  Overman  mine  is  looking  as  well 
as  ever,  and  that  in  addition  to  the  Vivian  mill, 
they  have  started  up  40  stamps  of  the  Brunswick 
mill  on  the  ore. 

Table  of  Lowest  and  Highest  Sales  in 
S.  P.  Stock  Exchange. 


Name  ojt 

OOMPAKT. 

Wksk 

Ending 
Apr.  2i 

Wkbk 

Endtno 
May  1. 

Week 
Ending 
May  8. 

Week 
Ending 
May  16. 

Alpha 

1.00 
1.15 

.46 
2.00 
2.85 
1.00 

.60 

2:55 

4.60 

2.15 

2.85 

5.12 

.35 

.25 

2.35 

.30 

.85 

4.00 

.60 

.45 

1.50 

2.30 

.25 

1.20 

1.00 

.30 

.40 

3.05 

.15 

1.00 

.66 

1.15 

3.70 

1  30 

2.80 

.20 

.25 

1  65 

1.25 

2.25 

.15 

.20 

2.46 

.35 

2.60 

1.25 
1.25 

.60 
2.40 
3.55 
1.40 

.70 

3!65 
5.12 
2.80 
4.25 
5.60 
.40 

2:76 

i!66 

".ih 

.60 

1.90 
2.86 
.35 

1.40 
1.25 

"M 

3.60 

.35 

1.15 

.76 

1.46 

4.35 

1.50 

4.20 

.25 

.35 

2.30 

1.40 

2.75 

.25 

.25 

2.75 

1  10 

2.85 

l.CO 

1.20 

.35 

2.15 

3.00 

1.05 

.65 

.25 

3  35 

4.65 

2.30 

2.90 

5.50 

.36 

.25 

2.00 

.26 

.85 

4.00 

.65 

.50 

1.60 

2.30 

.25 

1.30 

.85 

.30 

.45 

3.25 

.25 

1.05 

.60 

1.10 

3.60 

1.40 

3.0J 

.20 

.31 

1.8) 

1.30 

2.30 

.25 

.20 

2.65 

.90 

2  60 

1.35 
1.30 

.50 
2.70 
3.4 
1.30 

.76 

1  00 
1.10 

.35 
2.10 
2.85 
1.05 

.70 

1.30 

1.15 

.40 

2.30 

3.15 

1.15 

.75 

.25 

4. ."5 

4.70 

2.30 

3.05 

4.90 

.40 

.65 

2.60 

1  10    1  25 

Andes 

1.10    1.20 
.30       .60 

Best  &,  Belcher 

BulHon 

BodieOon 

Bulwer 

Commonwealth  . . . . 

Con.  Va.  &Cal 

Challenge 

ChoUar  

2.55    3.06 
1.06    1.20 
.55       .60 

4  30 
4.95 
2.90 
S.45 
6.00 
.45 
.7' 

2  85 
.35 
.95 

"76 

i'xi> 

2.60 
.30 
1.55 
1.20 
.36 

■3:66 
.30 

i!45 
4.10 

3  06 
3.75 

.40 

.40 

2.25 

2  00 

2.55 

2!85 
1.00 
2.90 

4.00 

4.25 

2.16 

2.60 

4.60 

.3t 

.45 

2.45 

.30 

.80 

4.60 

.65 

.50 

1.60 

1.90 

.25 

1  40 
.65 
.25 
.40 

2  95 
.25 
.90 
.65 

1.06 
3.50 
2  10 
2.75 
.30 
.25 
1.65 
1.35 
2.15 
.26 

2'35 

85 

2.50 

3.25    4.40 
4.10    4.45 
1.25    2.05 
2  55    2  80 

Con.  Imperial 

.30      .40 
40        60 

Crown  Point 

1.75    2.45 
25 

1.00 
6.00 
.70 
.55 
1.70 
2.20 

lies 

.85 
.35 

3;25 

i!25 

.80 

1.10 

3.80 

2.95 

3.26 

.35 

.46 

1.90 

1.60 

2.30 

2!66 

.96 

2.65 

75 

....     4.50 

.60      .60 

.40      .50 

1.30    1.65 

1.85    2.40 

.25     .... 

1.40    1.50 

.65       .75 

.30     .... 

.25      .35 

2.60    3.25 

.25      .40 

.90    1.20 

.65       .70 

.85    1.15 

3.70    4.00 

2.05    2.35 

2.75    3.10 

.25     .... 

.20       .30 

1.60    1.85 

1.10    1.35 

2.25    2.55 

.20      .30 

.15      .20 

2.05    2.45 

.65      .90 

1.96    2.60 

EuresaOon 

Grand  Prize 

Gould  &  Curry 

Hale&  NororoBB... 

Kentuck 

Lady  Wash 

NorthBellelale,... 

Nev.  Queen 

Occidental 

Ophir 

pi 

Peer 

8.B.&M 

Sierra  Nevada. 

Silver  Hill 

raUow  Jacket 

Dewey  &  Co.'s  Scientific  Press 
Patent  Agency, 


Our  U.  S.  and  Foreign  Patent  Agency 
preaenta  many  and  important  advantages  as  a 
Home  Agency  over  all  others,  by  reason  of  lonf; 
eBtablishment,  great  experience,  thorough  eys- 
tem,  intimate  acquaintance  with  thesabjects  of 
inventions  in  our  own  community,  and  our 
moat  extensive  law  and  reference  library,  con- 
taining official  American  and  foreign  reports, 
files  of  Bcientifio  and  mechanical  publications, 
etc.  All  worthy  inventions  patented  through 
our  Agency  will  have  the  benefit  of  an  illustra- 
tion or  a  description  in  the  Mining  and  Scien- 
tific Press.  We  transact  every  branch  of 
Patent  business,  and  obtain  Patents  in  all  coun- 
tries which  grant  protection  to  inventors.  The 
large  majority  of  U.  S.  and  Foreign  Patents 
iasued  to  inventors  on  the  Pacific  Ooaat  have 
been  obtained  through  our  Agency.  We  can 
give  the  beat  and  moat  reliable  advice  aa  to  the 
patentability  of  new  inventions.  Our  prices 
are  as  low  as  any  first-class  agencies  in  the 
Eastern  States,  while  our  advantagea  for  Pacific 
Coast  inventors  are  far  superior.  Advice  and 
Oironlars  free. 

DEWEY  &  00..  Patent  Airents. 

220  Market  St.,  Elevator,  12  Front  St.,  S.  F 
Telephonk  No,  658. 

a.  t.  dewey.       w.  e.  eweb.      gho.  h.  strong. 


S"OX^     ^.AJJLmJSI. 


Sales  at  San  Francisco  Stock  Exchange. 


Thursday,  May  15, 9:: 
350  Alpha. 


350  Aiiaea 50c 

100  Belcher 1.65 

400  Belle  Isle 35c 

15&B.  &Belcher. 2.55 

550  EulUon 1.05 

750  Caledonia _  . 

200  ChaUenjre 1.30 

380  ChoUar 2.55 

300  CtowQ  Point 1  85 

100  Con.  Imperial 30c 

200  Con.  Cal.  &  Va 4.20 

50  Ooniidence 3.15 

100  E.  S.  Nevada 5c 

2f0  G.&C 1.35 

100  Hale&  Nor 1  "" 

200  JHlia aOc, 


3  A.M.,  250  JuBtice 1.35 

,.110!  130  Mexican 2.90 

150  Navajo 4(lc 

300  N.  BeUels 1.20 

200  Occideut 90c 

200  Ophir 3.90 

ICOO  Overman 2.25 

200  Peer 2no 

700  Peerless 25c 

100  Potosi 2.80 

150  Savage 1.60 

300  S.  B.  &M 1.15 

100  Sierra  Nevada 1.55 

100  Utah. 70c 

150  Union 2.15 

300  Weldou .,,.10c 

430  Yellow  Jacket 2,80 


A  WELL   DEVELOPED   CEMENT 
GRAVEL  MINE 

In  Placer  County,  three  miles  from  C.  P.  Railroad;  with 
steam  holstinfc  and  pumplrg  plant,  together  with  a  10- 
stamp  mil),  Pelton  wheel,  pipes,  black  mith  ehop,  tools, 
oare  and  tank,  all  in  ?ood  running  order.  Including  4S0 
acres  of  land,  of  which  80  acres  or  more  are  wdU  adapted 
to  orange  culture.  The  balance  Is  timber  land  and 
pasture,  suitable  for  grapevines  and  olives.  Improve- 
ments consist  of  stone  house  of  eight  rooms,  ditto  barn, 
office,  several  frame  houses.  Email  orchard  and  vineyard. 
Price,  including  everything  on  the  place,  wagons,  tools, 
safe,  etc.,  833.000,  of  which  half  cash,  balance  at  7%. 
Title  U.  3.  Patent.  Immediate  possession  griven.  This 
is  a  rare  oppoftunlty  for  miners  and  ho  ticulturlsts. 
For  particulars  apply  to  T.  G.  E.  WOLLEB,  Uaafe 
Oakland,  Cal. 


School  of  Praciical,  Civil,  Mechanical  and 
MINING  ENGINEERING, 

Ummi,  ArcUtectnre,  Drawing  and  Assaying 

723    MABKET   STREET, 

The  History  Building,  Sai*  Francisco,  Cal, 

A.  VAN  DER  NAILLEN,  President. 

Assaying  of  Ores,  $26;  BullioD  and  Chlorinatlon  Assay, 
926;  Blowpipe  Assay,  310.     Full  course  of  assaying,  |50. 

i^Send  for  circular. 


OP 

ASSAYING    AND    CHEMISTRY, 

Rooms  46  &  47,  )e28  MODtGromery  St. 

2d  Floor  Montgomery  Bl'fc.  )         San  Francisco. 
Alao,  Evening  Classes,  7  to  10  o'clock. 

JOHN  T.  EVANS,  M.  A.,  Principal. 


[NVENTOBS,     TAKE       NOTIOB I 

L.  petersonTmodel  maker, 

25S  Market  St.,  N.  E.  cor.  Front  (up  stairs),  San   Francslco 

Experimental  machiner)'  and  all  kinds  of  models.  Tin 

and  brassffork.    All  communications  strictly  ■ 

tial. 


TO    CHEMISTS. 

A  man  with  some  knowledge  of  chemrstry  wishes  em- 
ployment in  a  laboratory,  refinery,  assayer's  office  or 
other  place  of  that  character.  Has  a  good  microscope. 
Would  be  a  valuable  assistant  in  a  patent  medicine  maQU- 
factory.    Address  A.  B,  Cj  2138  Elm  Street,  Oaklaod. 


AT  17,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


341 


/l33e3Pe|]t  |iotice3. 


ryB.A.Y  EAGLE  MINING  COMPANY.  Loo 
VT  tlon  or  ptioojpkl  pikce  of  bnaioeDs,  Sftc  Fruictfioo, 
C&liforDla.    Location  of  Worke,  Ptac«r  county,  CkllfortiU' 

Notice  U  ber«hy  t;lveti,  that  at  a  meetinif  ot  thu  Boaid 
of  Directora,  helJ  on  the  let  day  of  Uay,  l^-M,  ao  aflsest- 
ment.  No.  17,  of  Hvo  i,t)  ceuti)  pvr  share,  was  U-viwl  upon 
the  Capital  St^itck  of  tho  Corporation,  payable  itu- 
nifdiBtc-iy  In  I'nitud  StatL-8  Gold  Coin  to  the  Secretary. 
at  klie  otik-u  of  tho  Compauy,  Room  II,  No.  HO,S  Califoroia 
Btre«t,  Sao  Francisco,  (^^illforola. 

Any  >4to<:k  upon  which  this  aMessmcnt  flhall  remain 
Qnpttld  OD  thu  10t)i  day  of  June,  1890,  will  be  dflliDi(Uuiit 
and  advcrtltiud  for  sale  at  public  auction;  and  uiilecis 
p*ym«at  ia  made  before,  will  bo  void  on  MONDAY,  thu 
SOth  day  of  June,  1800,  to  pay  the  delinquent  au'CWiueut, 
tosttther  with  the  coitti  of  udvertlttinK  and  oxpensts  ot 
Mie. 

By  order  of  tho  Rjard  of  Directors. 

.1.  U.  lU'FFlNOTON,  Secretary. 

Omcti,  Room  11,  No.  303  California  Street,  Sao  Fran- 
cisco. California. 


GOLD  HILL  MINING  COMPA  NY-Location 
of  urioclpal  place  of  business,  Sao  Francisco,  Cali- 
fornia; locatloD  of  works,  Uraaa  Valley,  Nevada  Couotv, 
California. 

Notice  ia  bori'bv  plven,  tnat  at  a  meeting  of  tho  Board 
of  UircclorM.  hel'i  on  the  17th  day  of  April,  1S90.  an 
osseBsment  (No.  9)  of  Twenty-live  Cents  per  sliare  was 
levied  upon  tho  capital  stock  of  the  Corporation,  payable 
imniediateiy,  in  I'ulted  States  Uold  Coin,  to  the  S'ecre- 
tvy.atthe  oflice  of  the  Company,  Roooi  20,  Phelan 
Bulbling,  San  Franoisoo,  California. 

Any  Mock  upon  which  tiiis  asseesmont  shall  remain 
unpaid  on  the  2<lth  day  of  May,  1890,  will  be  delinquent 
and  advertised  for  sale  at  public  auction;  and  unless 
payment  la  ma<le  before,  will  be  fwld  on  TUEitDAY.  the 
10th  day  ot  June,  191X),  to  pay  tho  delinquent  assessment, 
together  with  Coats  of  adveitisiu^;  and  expenses  of  sale. 
By  order  of  tho  Boanl  of  Uirectors 

C.  A.  GROW,  Secretary, 
Oftico,  Room  20,    Phelan  Building,  San  Fraocisco,  Cali- 

tomia. 


PRACTICAL 

Books  on  Mining 

AND  IRRIGATION. 


Descriptive  Catalo^e  and  Circulars  of  Books  relating; 
to  Assaying,  Mining,  Electricity  and  Mechanical  Engineer- 
log,  sent  free  on  application. 

E.  &  F.  N.  8P0N,  Publishers, 

12  Cortlandt  St.,  New  Tork. 


HORACE  D.  RANLETT, 

Ores,  Mining,  and  Commission, 

430  Montgomery  St.,  S.  F. 

Ships  under  advances  to  amelting  works  in  BMton, 
New  York,  Baltimore  and  Liverpool. 

Twenty-one  years'  experience  in  Shipping  Ores  and 
Managing  Mioea. 

Solicits  Coueignments  ot  Copper  Produce  and  Manage- 
ment  of  Mln'ng  Matters. 

All  business  conducted  on  Cash  Baals. 

Purchase  and  shipment  of  Mining  Supplies  A  Spbcialtt. 

Sales  of  Developed  Copper  Mines  undertaken. 

Business  Manager  of  UNION  COPPER  MINE,  Copper- 
opolis,  Cal.;  NEWTON  COPPER  MINE,  Amador  Co.,  Cal. 


FOR  SALE  CHEAP. 


One  new  double  circular  Sawmill  to  carry  60-inch  bot- 
tom saw,  with  wrought-iron  hangers  for  top  saw.  Fric- 
tion feed-works,  patent  ateel  screw  double-throw  head- 
blocks,  with  track  Iron,  saw  carriage  and  frame  complete, 

RISDON  IRON  &  LOCOMOTIVE  WORKS, 

San  Francisco,  Oal. 


VAN   DUZEN'S 

STEAMjetPUMP 

For  MILLS,  FACTORIES,  SHOPS,  ETC. 

For  EIcvalinK  and  Conveying:  Liquids. 
For  Fniptyfnu:  Pltn.  Sinks,  Cesspools,  etc, 

and  OH  a  Fire  I*unip. 
10  Size».  »7  to  S75.  Every  Pump  warranted. 

Write  for  Descriptive  Pump  Circular,  v. 

VAN    DUZEN  &  TIFT.  CINCINNATI.  O. 


BALDWIN  LOCOMOTIVE  WORKS, 


ANNUAL  CAPACITY  800.        ESTABLISHED  1831. 


LOCOMOTIVE   ENGINES! 

Adapted  to  every  variety  of  service,  and  built  accurately  la  standard  gauges  and  templates.    Like  parts 
ofditVerent  fuglues  of  same  class  perlecUy  interchangeaDle. 

Broiul  and  NnrrowGaage  Ixjcomotlve-',  Mine  Locomotives  by  Steam  or  Compressed  Air,  i'lftulation 
Ldcoiuotivcs,  Noi^e!L■^s  .Mutors  for  Street  Kailways,  Furuace  Locomotives,  etc. 

BURNHAM.    PARRY.   WILLIAMS    &    CO.,    PROPRIETORS.    PHILADELPHIA.    PA. 


Smelter  For  Sale  or  Exchange. 

One  SO-ton,  wrought  iron,  water-jacket  Smelting:  Fur- 
nace (36"x60"  at  the  tuyeres)  of  tho  latest  design,  with 
Crusher,  Blower,  Boiler,  Pumps,  Engines,  Tools,  and 
everything  complete  (or  immediate  delivery,  and  only 
used  about  six  months.  Cheap  for  cash,  or  will  exchange 
for  interest  in  a  Lead-Silver  Mine,  or  erect  in  any  mining 
camp  that  will  guarantee  a  certain  output.  For  further 
particulars  address  Box  28.  Rlkhom.  Montana. 


KROGH'S  MINING  HORSE-POWER  HOIST 


Is  known  to  he  tho 
Best  Horse- Power 
Hoist  DOW  iimde. 
It  id  ittrouK  und 
durable. 

The  drum  will 
carry  1000  fwt  of 
tlvu-alghthti  steel 
nipe.  It  can  be 
m^Hil  to  run  a 
pump— or  blower, 
io  oon junction 
witli  liolHting. 
Mauufactiu-eil  by 

F.W.Krogli 

St  Co., 

51  BE  ALE  ST., 
Sao  Frauclsco. 


THE    ZANDER    LAMP-BURNER. 

No  Trouble  to  Put  In  the  Wick. 


Fiyj. 


This  Patented  Burner  has  a  slide- plate  6  on  the  wick- 
tube  B,  with  grooved  flanges  b'.  The  slide-plate  Is  re- 
moved from  the  tube  B  and  the  wick  inserted  through 
the  open  side,  the  wick  edges  being  easily  pressed  In 
past  and  under  the  edges  of  the  tube.  The  slide-plate 
is  then  put  back,  fully  inclosing  the  wiok.  With  this  It 
Is  unnecessary  to  force  the  wick  through  a  closed  tube 
and  past  its  ratchet  wheels.  THIS  PATENT  IS  FOR 
SALE.  It  is  one  of  those  every-day-use  practical  Inven- 
Mons  of  merit  that  wUl  take.  Address  LOUIS  ZANDER, 
1223  Twenty-flrst  Avenue,  East  Oakland,  Alameda  Co, 


FRANCIS  SMITH  &  CO. 


Manufacturers  of 


Sheetlron  and  Steel 


ALL    SIZES. 

130  Beale  Street,         San  francisco,  Gal 


Iron  cut,  punched  and  formed,  for  making  pipe  oc 
ground.  All  kinds  of  Tools  supplied  for  making  Pipe. 
Estimates  given.  Are  prepared  for  coating  all  sizes  of 
Pipe  with  a  composition  of  Coal  Tar  and  Asphaltum. 


C.    H.  EVANS    &  CO. 

CSucoessore  to  THOMSON  &  EVANS), 

110  and  112  Beale   Street,  S.  F. 

UACHIIO:  WOBES, 
I  steam  Pumps,  Steam  Engines 

and  aU  Undg  ot  MACHINERY. 


Rock  Drilling  and  Air  Compressing 
Machinery 

For  TUNNELS,  QUARRIES,  MINES,  RAILROADS 

And  Wherever  Ore  and  B,ock  are  to  be  Drilled  and  Blasted. 

tS-  SEND     FOB    NEW^    CATAI-OnUE    OF     188B.  "SS 


RAND    DRILL  CO., 

23  Park  Place,  New  York,  U.  S.  A. 


THE    ATLAS    ORE    CAR. 


J.  B.  JARDINE, 

General  Manager, 

Cor.  Napa  and  Louisiana  Sts., 
POIRERO, 

Manufacturers  and  Builders  of 
all  Ifinds  of 

Mill  &  Mining  Macbinery, 

Indicators,  Steam  Engines,  Steam  Boilers, 
Water  Wheels,  Hoisting  Engines,  Hoisting 
Work<).  Hoisting  Derridci,  Boom  Derricks, 
Coal  Winches,  Hoists  and  Elevators,  Dredg- 
ers, Excavators  and  Ditching  Machines. 

This  far  is  lined  with  steel,  and  will  dump 
right  or  left.    Has  steel  axles. 

CONTRACTORS^MACHINERY 

A  Specialty. 


SAN  FRANCISCO  TOOL  CO, 


MANUFAOTURBRS    OF 


IRRIGATING  PUMPS 

AND 

Machinery  of  all   Kinds. 


PACIFIC  COAST  AGENTS 

BABOOOK    &    WILOOX 

Patent  Water  Tube  Steam  Boilers. 

£stiinatea  Furnished  on  Application. 


rSend  for  Oatalogues. 


OBNTBlFnOAI.     PUiWP. 


FIRST  and  STEVENSON  STS..  S.  F. 


ADAMANTINE  SHOES  &  DIES 

FOR    STAMP    MILLS. 

These  SHOES  and  DIES  are  in  extensive  use  in  all  the  mining  States  and 
Territories  of  North  and  South  America.  Guaranteed  to  prove  better  and  cheaper 
than  any  othtrs.  Orders  solicited,  subject  to  above 
conditions. 

— MANUFACTtlRED    BY— 

CHROME  STEEL  WORKS,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 

H.  D.  MORRIS,  Agent, 

220  Fremont  Street,  San  Frauclsco,  Cal. 


Special  attention  given  to  the  purchase  of  Mine  and  Mill  Supplies. 


GRANGER'S  ROLLER  STAMP  MILL 

Beats  them  all.  "Works  dry  ores.   Makes  even  gran- 
nlatioa.    No  dead  work,  hence  minimum  wear. 

A.  P.  GRANGER,  Denver,  Colo. 


GRANGER'S  DRY  ORE  SEPARATOR 

The  very  best.  Uses  no  water.  No  Ireezing  up. 
Raves  haiillns  waste.  Saves  high  percentage.  Send 
fur  circulars. 

A.  P.  GP.ANGER,  Denver,  Colo. 


A  MIDDLE-AGED  MAN  BY  THE  NAME  OF  JOSEPH 
McLEARN,  Miner,  left  Nova  Scotia  17  years  aeo  for 
California.  His  friends  would  be  tbaokful  to  any  person 
who  could  give  any  information  concerning  his  where- 
abouts. 


Paul's  Dry  Amalgamating  Barrel  Process. 

The  undersigned  ia  prepared  to  erect,  or  furnish  drafts 
for  erecting,  machinery,  also  iristructlons  for  working- 
ores  by  the  new  patented  DRY  AMALGAMATING 
BARREL  PROCFSd.  1  aasett  the  ability  to  overcome 
EVERY  dilHcuIty  connected  with  amalgamatiner  the 
precious  metals,  more  especiallv  ?old,  and  to  add  from 
25  to  100  per  cent  to  the  FREE  GOLD  yield  of  any  mill 
working  WET.  Being  the  original  inventor  of  dry  amal- 
gamation, I  have  spent  over  20  years  perfecting  the  sys- 
tem, now  brought  to  a  wonderfully  efficient,  inexpensive 
and  practical  one.  I  caution  all  parties  against  infringe- 
ments.   For  further  particulars,  address 

ALMARIN  B.  PAUL. 
Middle  Creek  P.  0.,  Shasta  County,  California. 


> 


342 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Mat  17,  1890 


Foiuidcd  by  Mathem  Carey,  1735. 

HENRY  C&REY  BAIRD  &  CO., 

Industrial     Pabllshers,     BookseUeru     and 

Imoorters, 

810  Walnut  St.,  FWladelphia,  Pa.»  V.  S.  A. 

t^  Our  new  and  ReviaeJ  Catalogue  of  Practical  and 
ScientiOc  Booke,  84  pagps,  8vo.,  and  our  other  Catalogues 
and  Circulars,  the  whole  covering:  every  branch  of 
Science  applied  to  the  arts,  sent  free  and  free  of  postage 
to  any  one  iu  any  part  of  the  world  who  will  furnish  hie 
address. 


THE  ROLLER  ORE  FEEDER 


[Patented  May  28,  188^.] 


This  is  the  best  and  cheapest  Ore  Feeder  now  in  use. 

It  has  fewer  parts,  requires  less  power,  is  simpler  in 
adjustment  than  any  other.  Feeds  coarse  ore  or  soft  clay 
alike  uniformly,  under  one  or  all  the  stamps  in  a  hattern 
as  required. 

In  the  Bunker  Hill  Mill  it  has  run  continuously  (or  two 
years,  never  having  been  out  of  order  or  costing  a  dollar 
for  repairs. 

Golden  State  and   Miners'  Iron  Works, 

Sole  Manufacturers. 
S27  First  Street.  San  FraDCisco.  C'*]. 


CLAYTON 

AIR  COMPRESSORS 

For  Working 
Eock    Drills,   Coal   Cutters, 
Hoisting   Engines   and  Water 
Pumps  in  Mines  and  Tunnels, 
Sinking  Caissons,  Etc.,  Etc. 

SEND  FOR  CATALOGUE  No.  6, 

Clayton  Air  Compressor  Works, 
43  DEY  ST.,  NEW  YORK. 


The  Best  Mining  District 

Oa  tbe  Pacific  Cuast  ! 

GRASS   VALLEY,  CAL. 


THE  BEST  NEWSPAPER  puhlished  in  the   district  is 

■rm:  "TiaDiaNrca-s. 

Daily  and  Weeklyvedition.  Gives  all  the  Minir  j?  News. 
Bealern  in  Mining  Machinery  and  Minio;;  Supplies  will 
find  THE  TIDINGS  the  best  medium  for  directly  r-  ach- 
ing the  owners  or  managers  of  mines.  Investors  in 
mines  will  find  it  to  their  advantage  to  subscribe. 

Many  mines  are  in  successful  operation,  and  new 
enterprises  are  being  instituted  and  many  others  are  in 
contemplation. 

DAILY,  §6  00  a  year;  WEBIKLY,  S2  50,  in  advance. 
H.  S.  SPaULDING,  Publisher. 

T.  C.  HOCKING,  Editor. 

THE    PIONEER    COMMERCIAL    SCHOOL 


LIFE  SCHOLARSHIPS,  $76. 
No  Vaoatioms.  Day  and  Evbhino  Sbbsioms. 

Ladies  ftdmltted  into  all  Departments. 
Address:    T.  A.  ROBINSON,  M.  A,  President. 


HEALDS 


BUSINESS     COLLEGE, 

24  POST  ST.,  8.  F. 

FOR  SEVENTY-FIVE  DOLLARS  THIS 
College  Instructs  ho  Shorthand,  Type  Writing,  Book- 
Kooplng,  Telegraphy,  Penmuiship,  Drawing,  all  the  En- 
gllsn  branohea,  and  everything  pertaining  to  business, 
tor  etx  full  months.  We  have  sixteen  teachers,  and  give 
IndLvldual  iostruotion  to  all  our  pupils.  Our  school  has 
ifis  gnvduates  In  every  p^rt  of  tha  Sute. 

jirSlHD  FOR  ClROnLAA. 

Ot  8.  S&LETi  Beoietftry. 


PACIFIC    ROLLING   MILL   CO., 


.uANHFAcnmsRS  of. 


Cast  Steel  Castip  'j  Steel  Fow 


UP  TO   20,000  LBS.   WEIGHT. 

True  to  pBttom  and  superior  in  Btrength,  toughness  and  durability  to  Ossc  or  WrouBlit 
Iron  In  any  position  or  for  any  service. 

GEARINGS,  SHOES,  DIES,  CAMS,  TAPPETS,  PISTON-HEADS,  RAILROAD  and  MA- 
CHINERY CASTINGS  of  Every  Description. 


HOMOGENEOUS  STEEL. 


SOFT  and  DUCTILE, 


SUPERIOR  TO  IRON  FOR 


LOCOMOTIVE  AND  MARINE  FORCINGS. 

ALSO  Steel  Rods,  from  J  to  3  inch  diameter  and  Plats  trom  I  to  8  Inch.  Angles,  Toea,  Chanoels  and  other  shape 
Steel*  Wagon,  Buggj',  and  Truck  Tires,  Plow  Steel;  Machinery  and  Special  Shape  Steel  to  size  and  lengths 
STEEL  RAILS  from  12  to  45  pounds  per  yard.  ALSO,  Railroad  and  Merchant  Iron,  Rolled 
Beams,  Angle,  Channel,  and  T  Iron,  Bridge  and  Machine  Bolts,  Lag  Screws,  Nuts,  Washers,  Ship  and  Boat 
Spikes;  Steamboat  Shafts,  Cranks,  Pistons,  Connecting  Rods,  etc  Car  and  Locomotive  Axles  and  Frames, 
and  Iron  Forgings  of  all  kinds,  Iron  and  Steel  Bridge  and  Roof  Work  a  Speoialty. 

HIGHEST  FRICB  PAID  FOR  SCRAP  IRON  AND  STEEL. 

1^  Orders  will  have  prompt  attention.    Send  for  Catalogues.    Address 

PACIFIC  ROLUNO  MILL  CO.,  202  Market  St..  San  Franolico. 


FULTON     IRON    WORKS, 

HINOKLEY,  SPIERS    &    HAYES,  Proprietors. 

{ESTABLISHED    IN    1855.1 

OCB-OGv   8X3    E^xrexxxcftxxt    St.,  SArXk.    X*xrA.xxolsoc>. 

""'  — MANUFACTUBBRS    OF— 

MARINE  ENGINES  AND  BOILBRS.- 
Propeller  Engines*  either  High  Pressure  or  Compound, 
Stern  or  Side-wheel  Engines. 

MINING  MAOHINERY.-Hoiating  Eagines  and 
Works,  Ci^es,  Or«  Buckets,  Ore  Cars,  Pumping  Engines 
and  Pumps,  Water  Buckets,  Pump  Columns,  Air  Com- 
pressors, Air  Receivers,  Air  Pipes. 

MILLi  MACHINERY.— Batteries  for  Dry  or  Wet 
Crushing,  Amalgamating  Pane,  Settlers,  Furnaces,  Re- 
torts, Concentrators,  Ore  Feeders,  Rock  Breakers,  Fur- 
naces for  Reducing  Ores,  Water  Jackets,  eta 

MISCELLANEOUS  MACHINERY.— Flour 
Uill  Machinery,  Saw  Mill  Engines  and  Boilers,  Dredging 
Machinery,  Powder  Mill  Machinery,  Water  Wheels. 


TUSTIN'S    PULVERIZER. 


Tustin's  Pulverizer 

WORKS  ORE  WET  OR  DRY. 


ENGINESiBOILERS 

OF    ALL    KINDS, 

Either  for  use  on  Steamboats  or  for  use  on  Land. 

Water  Pipe,  Pump  or  Air  Coltimiu,  Pish 
Tanks  for  Salmon  Canneries 

OF  BVBRT  DKSORIPTION. 

Boiler  Repairs  Promptly  attended  to  and  at  very  moaerate  rates. 

AGBNTS  FOR  THB  PAOIFIC  COAST  FOR  THB 

Z>e£iXLe   Stefizxx  XMjlzio.'^. 

SPECIALTIES : 

CorllBB  Engines  and  Tnstln  Ore  PnlverizerB.  DEANE    STEAM    PUMP. 

Agents  and  Manufacturers  of  the  Llewellyn  Feed  Water  Pnrlfler  and  Heater. 


THE  GIANT  POWDER  COMPANY 

Manulaoture  Three  Kinds  of  Powder,  which  are  acknowledged  hy  all  the  Great  ChemlstB  of  the  World  as 

The  Safest  and  Strongest  High  Explosives  in  the  Marl<et. 

Of  Different  Strensrths  as  Required. 

NOBEL'S    EXPLOSIVE     GELATINE,"    which  contains    94   per  cent  of  Nitro-Olycertne,  and 

GBLATINE-DTN AMITE,  Stronger  than  Dynamite  and  even  Safer  in  Handling. 

JUDSON  POWDER  IMPROVED. 

FOR  RAIIiBOADS  AND  LAND  CLEARING.  I8  from  three  to  four  times  stronger  than  ordinary  Blast- 
ing Powder,  and  is  used  by  all  the  Railroads  and  Qravel  Claims,  aa  it  breaks  more  ground,  pulverizes  better  kod 
saves  thne  and  money.     It  is  ae  dry  as  the  ordinary  Blasting  Powder  and  rune  is  freely. 

BANDMANN,  NIELSEN  &.  CO.. 


04T*S   an,!   UTTaiT  tnr  «»»«. 


fJKTJKRAT,  ArmiNTS.  «AN  FRANCISCO    OAL. 


QUARTZ  SCREENS 


A  specialty.  Round,  alot 
or  burred  slot  holes.  Gen- 
uine Russia  Iron,  Homo- 
geneous Steel,  Cast  Steel  or 
American  planished  Iron 
Zinc,  Copper  or  BrasB  Screens  for  all  purposes.  Cali- 
fornia Perforating  Screen  Co..  145  &  147  Beale  St ,  9.  F. 


COAL  MINES  OF  THE  WESTERN  COAST. 

A  few  copies  of  this  work,  the  only  one  ever  published 
treating  of  Pacific  Coast  Coal  Mining,  have  been  ob- 
tained, and  are  for  sale  at  this  office  for  $2.60  per  copy. 
It  was  written  by    W.    A.    Goodyear,  Mining  and  Civil 

Engineer,  tormerly  ol  tbe  CftUforni*  state  GeoloBloal 
Survey, 


N.  W.  SPAULDINQ 

Manufacturers  of 
8PA0LDING'S 

Inserted  Tootb 

AND 

CHISEL    BIT 

umOULAK 

Saws. 

SAW  MILLS   AND   MACHINERY 

Of  all  kinds  made  to  order.    Send  lor  Descriptive  Cala 


Iron  and  ^achipe  M. 


UNION    IRON  WORKS, 

SAOBAMBNTO.  OAL. 

ROOT,    NEILSON     &    CO.. 

HANDFAOTUnmU   OF 

Steam     Engines,    Boilers, 

AMD  ALL  KINDS  OF 

MACHINERY  FOR  MINING  PURPOSES. 

PIourlnR  Mills,  Saw  Mills  and  Quartz  Mills  Machinery 

constructed,  fitted  up  and  repaired. 
R'ront  St.   hfit   n  &  o  St».  SaorftTnftnT,o,  n«i. 


CALIFORNIA    MACHINE    WORKS, 
WM.  H.  BIRCH  &  CO.. 

BNGINKKRS     AND     UACHlNiSTS, 


No.  lig  Beale  St.. 


San  Francisco. 


BDlLDBRfl   op 

Steam  Euk-ines,  Saw  Mills,  Mining  Machinery,  Dredging 
Machines,  Rock  Crushers,  Cable  Railway  Machinery, 
Kllithorp  Air  Brake  Co.'b  Parent  Steam  and  Hydraulic 
Elevators,  Air  Cushions  and  Air  Brakes  I'OsITIVE 
SAFCTIES  Improved  Rnm  Elevators,  Sidewalk  and 
Hand  Hoists  B.  E.  Heorickson's  Patent  Automatic 
Safety  Catchea 

Machines  of  all  kinds  Made  and  Repaired. 
Ordnrn  'Solicited. 


Golden  State  &  Miners  Iron  Works. 

Uannractore  Iron  Oastlngrs  and  Machinery 
of  all  Kinds  at  Qreatly  Beduced  Bates. 

STEVENSON'S  PATENT 

Mold-Board  AMALGAMATORS, 
Golden  State  Pressure  Blowers. 

Birst  St..  bBtxreen  Hoi^ard  ft  Folaom.  S.  F. 


reouAs  THOMPSON 


THORNTON  TB0MP80N 


THOMPSON    BROTHERS, 

EUREKA    FOUNDRY, 

129  and  131  Beale  St.,  between  Mission  and  Howard,  S.F 

HAHUFAOTnRHRS  OP  OASTINQB  OF  BVBRT  DBgnRIPTlOI*. 


Mining    Engineers. 


Bewick,  Morelng  &  Hooper, 

MINING  ENGINEERS, 

508  California  Street,  San  Fraiclsco,  Cal. 

Suffolk  House,  Laurence,  Pouotoey  Hill, 

1  ONI  ON,  K.  C. 

Leake's  BuildingB,  .TnliaoDeaburg, 

HOUTU    AfBICA. 

Report  on  mioed  and  undertake  management  of  mining 
prorerliiefl. 


W.  A.  GOODYEAR. 

Oivil   and    Mining   Bngrineer, 

UENmo  EXPERT  akd  OEOLOQISI. 
Address  "  Business  Box  A,"  office  of  this  paper,  Sao 
Francisco. 


ROSS   B.  BROWNE, 

Mining  and  Hydraulic  Engineer, 

No.  807  Sansomb  St.,  San  Frahoisoo. 


Tioga  District   Mining  Company, 

Incorporated  June  11,1889.    Capital  Stock,  $10,000,000 . 
BUT  AND  SELL 

California  Gold,  Sliver, Quicksilver,  Cc  pper 
and  Lead  Mines 

OF    ASCEKTAINED    VALUE. 

Office.   N".  13  PARBOTT'S  BUILDING,  N.  W. 

Corner  of  California  and  Mout^oniery  Streits, 

SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 

WM.  B.  WIQHTMAN.  Prea.       WM   H.  V.  CRONISE.  Sec 


TUBBS  CORDAGE  CO. 

(A  Corporation.) 

Constantly  on  hand  a  full  aesrirtment  of  Manila  Rope, 
Duplex  Rope,  Tarred  Manila  Kope.Hay  Rope,  Whale  Linu, 
etc,  etc 

Ebctra  sizes  and  lengths  made  to  order  on  short  notice. 

611  &  613  Front  St..  San   Francinrai.  Cal. 


THE  RUSSELL  PROCESS. 

For  i  formation  cir  ce^nln?  this  process  fo--  the  re- 
duction of  I  res  containiDg  precious  m  tals,  and  termi 
of  license,  apply  to 

THE     EUSSELL    PROCESS    CO., 
'Ne'w  Haven,  Conn. 


:FOfl.    El  AT.IE. 

One  Obmen'a   12t12  Automa'lo  Bnolne; 

best  style  in  usft    Also,  1  Boiler  48  in.  x  16  ft.  Both  nearly 
new,    Apply  to    .i.  W.  QDICK,  aai  First  et., 
(Top  Floor)  San  FranolSQO,  O9I, 


May  17,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


343 


PROVED    BELT    FRUE   ORE  CONCENTRATOR. 


The  Beat  Ore  Conoentrator  In  the  market,  having  double 
the  Capacity  and  doing  its  work  as  oloae  aa  the  plain  Belt 
machine,  while  ita  concentrationa  are  clean.  It  la  need  in 
a  number  of  Mills,  the  most  notable  of  which  is  the 
Alaska  M.  &  M,  Go's  Mill,  where  24  Improved  Belt  Fruea 
are  taking  the  Palp  from  120  Stamps,  crashing  350  tons 
per  day,  and  is  giving  entire  eatisfaction  as  against  48 
plain  Belt  Machines,  taking  the  Palp  from  the  other  120 
Stamps, 


Price  of  Improved  Belt  Frue  Vanner,  $900,  f.  o.  b. 
Price   of   Plain  Belt   Frue   Vanner,  $575,  f.  o.  b. 


Protected  by  Patents  December  22,  1S74;  September  2 
1879;  April  27,  1880;  March  22,  1881;  February  20.  1883; 
September  18,  1883;  July  24,  1888.    Patents  applied  for. 


For  Pamphlets,  Testimonials  and  farther  informati 
apply  at  office. 

ADAMS  &  CARTER,  Agents  FRUE  VANNING  MACHINE  CO.,  Room  15. 


There  are  Over  2200  Plain  Belt  Machines  now 
in  Use. 

Thb  Montaka  Coupant  (Limited),  London,  October  8,  1886. 
Dbar  StKS : — Having  tested  three  of  your  Frue  Vanners  In  a  com- 
petitive trial  with  other  eimilar  machines  (Triumph),  we  have  satisfied 
ourselves  o(  the  euperiority  of  your  Vaniium,  as  is  evidenced  by  the 
fact  of  our  h&vintf  ordered  20  more  of  vour  ma'binc**  tor  immediate 
delivery.     Youra  truly,         THE  MONTiNA  COMPANY  (Limited). 

N.  B.— Si"ce  the  above  was  written  the  20  Vanners,  havinR  been 
started,  ^ave  such  satisfaction  that  ii  additional  Frue^  and  more 
stamps  have  been  purcbaaed,  ADAMS    &    CARTBK. 

No.  132  Market  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


"TRIUMPH"  ORE  CONCENTRATOR  with  IMPROVED  RIFFLED  BELT. 


The  competitive  trials  which  have  been  held  between  the 
"Triumph"  Ore  Coocentratore,  the  "  Frae"  Vanners  and 
other  forma  of  coocentrating  devioea,  do  not  warrant  the  as- 
sertion that  the  "FrTie  '  Vanner  is  the  best  ore  concentrator  in 
the  market.  The  fact  that  the  "Frues"  have  improved  (cor 
rngated)  belts  does  not  militate  against  the  soperiority  of  tho 
"Triumphs;"  for,  when  desired,  they  (the  "Triumphs")  can 
be  mounted  with  a  superior  belt  known  as  the  **  Blasdel  " 
Riffled.  

Price  "  Triumph  "  Concentrators,  with  Im- 
proved (Patented)  Belt       -       -       -        $650f,  0.  b 

Price  "  Triumph "  CopcentritoTB,  with 
Plain  Belt $550  f.  o.  b 


We  are  prepared  to  guarantee  the  superiority  of  the  "  Tiumph" 
the  "  Frue"  or  any  other  form  of  Concentrator,  for  coin  if  need  be. 
Circulars  and  testimonial  letters  furnished  on  application. 


JOSHUA  HENDY  MACHINE  WORKS, 

39  to  51  Fremont  Street,      San  Francisco,  Cal. 


(aE»-A-«I"IS3Kri"3ESID -) 

Both  the  "Triumph"  CoDcentrator  and  *'BlaBdel"  (rifSed) 
Belt  are  protected  by  incnnteBtable  letters  patent,  granted 
by  thb  GjverQDieDt  of  the  Uuited  States. 

Original  Empire  Mill  and  Minine:  Company,  "l 

■  Principal  Office,  401  (Jplilornia  S  .,  cor,  Sansome,  S  F.      > 

LoiatioD  of  Worka,  Grahs  Valley,  Nevada  Co.,  Cal.  ) 

Grass  Valley,  Nkvada  Co.,  Cal,,  Nov,  10,  1885. 

Joshua  Bendy  Machine  Wmks,  SO  to  51  Fremont  St.,  S.  F.,  Cal.: 

Gbntlkmen — 1  am  pleased  to  state,  in  reference  to  the  •'  Triumph" 
Ore  Concentratoru,  'that  tour  (4)  of  thtm  were  plare")  in  the  m'U  of  the 
Oricinal  Emipre  Mill  and  Mining  Company  in  April,  18S4,  and  a  thorough 
teat  made  of  their  practical  oper  tion;  and  their  efficiency  having;  been 
deraODfltrated,  four  (4)  more  were  subsequently  introduced  aa  the  comple- 
ment of  the  Twenty  (20)  Stamp  Mill,  and  the  eight  (8j  have  been  and  are 
now  runninf^  with  entirely  satisfactory  results. 

At  the  Ten  (10)  Stamp  Mill  of  the  North  Star  Mining  Company,  un-^er 
my  supervipion.  four  (4)  are  also  in  surcessful  operation,  and  from  my 
observation  of  their  pracMcal  worltings,  I  am  convinced  that  this  form  of 
Concentrators  is  the  equal,  if  not  superior  to  any  othc  style  of  Vannera 
or  concentrating  devices.  DA^^D  McKAY,  Jr., 

[Signed]  Sup't  North  Star  and  Original  Empire  Mining  Co. 

N,  B.  When  the  atampiug  capacity  of  the  two  above  named  mills  was  in- 
creased, more  **  Triumph  "  Concentrators  were  purchased,  and  twenty- 
eight  (28)  are  now  in  conatant  successful  operation. 


PARKE    &    LACY   COMPANY 


■  IMPORTERS  AND  MANDPACTUBBRS  OF- 


MINING,     MILL    and    GENERAL     MACHINERY. 


ENGINES,  BOILERS,  STEAM  PUMPS, 

AIR  COMPRESSORS,  ROOK  DRILLS, 
WALL'S  CRUSHING  ROLLS, 

CONCENTRATORS,  PULVERIZERS, 
TURBINE  WATER  WHEELS, 

ROCK  BREAKERS.  DRY  JIGS. 

Bullock's  Diamond  Drills 


GOLDEN  GATE  CONCENTRATORS, 

GREATEST  CAPACITY  OF  ANY  CONCENTRATOR  MADE, 
One  Machine  Taking  Pulp  from  10  Stamps. 


SAW    MILLS,    MACHINE    TOOLS, 
PLANING  MILLS.  INJECTORS  and  EJECTORS 
BELTING,  PACKING,  OILS,  LUBRICATORS, 
FIRE    EXTINGUISHERS, 
CENTRIFUGAL  PUMPS 
ROTARY  PUMPS.  GANG  BDGBRS, 
CAMPBELL'S    STEAM    FEEDS, 
MILL    and    MINE    SUPPLIES. 


WESTINGHOUSE     AUTOMATIC     ENGINES. 

SALES  DURING  UAST  FOUR  MONTHS: 

COMPOUND,  ,,,,"nS^lVA.^.  STANDARD,  «5oo"^oTs'i??S'w,=B.  JUNIOR, 

Crx^o-xxca.   Total,    309    Xlxislzies.    -A-ssros^tia^S   13.0'7'S    Horse    3E»o'CT7-e.r. 

21  and  23  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.  189  Clarence  St.,  Sydney,  N.  S.  W 


166  BNGINKij, 
4260  BOBSE  FOWKB. 


NOTICE  TO  GOLD  MINERS! 


JUSTINIAN  CAIRE.  Asent, 

521  &  523  Market  St.,  San  Francisco. 


—DBALBR    m — 


l&J^^%jrT:isrC3r 


Assayers'  and  MiDing  Material. 


— MANttPAOTURBH    OF— 


IN  QUARTZ,  GRAVEL,  OR  PLACER  MINES.  MADE  OF  BEST  SOFT  LAKF      DPERIOR  COPPER 

AT      ItEI33-CrOEII>      I>MOE3S.  r.tTFRY  SPRFENS  AND  WIRE  PL OTH 

O.r  ph.es  are  g,.ara„te.d,  and  by  actual  «peri.no<.  are  proved,  the    b.s.   In  ueiRht    of  Sil-  BATTERY    SCREENS   AND   WIRE   CLOTH 

vpr  aid  do'ahi.i  y.     Od  Mining  Plates  E  plated,  B  .aght,  or  Gold  Ssjiarated.     THOU&AIS  Db  -  

OP    ORDERS    FILLED.  .„„„,  .  ,  nnoirTTiro' 

SAN    FRANCISCO    NOVELTY,  GOLD,  SILVER    AND    NICKEL    PLATING  WORKS,  ^""t  *°^  HOSKIHS 

10$  SnjIIIZ  First  St.,  San  FrijnQisco,  Cal.  HYBRO-QABBOH    ASSAY   rURSACDg 

(^  SEND  FOB  ClBCP^ARS, 


344 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Mat  17,  1890 


PERFECTED 

DOUBLE 


HI. 


JOSHUA  HENDY  MACHINE  WORKS, 

Nos.  39  to  51  FREMONT  STREET,  SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 


Attached  to  each  Hill 
ii  an  effective 

Automatic  Ore 

Feeder.  _ 

Railroad  Flat,  Cal.,  May  15tb.  18S9. 

MESS5S.  TATUM  &  BOWEN,  Sail  Francisco— Gentlemen:  I  have  had  many  inquiries  ia  regard  to  the 
performance  of  your  oscillating  Stamp  Quirtz  Mill,  to  all  of  which  I  have  made  substantially  the  following 
answer: 

That  it  will  crush  and  discharge  through  a  No.  30  mesh  wire  screen,  6  tons  of  average  quartz  per  24 
hours;  that,  compared  with  the  common  stamps,  the  power  required  to  do  the  same  amount  of  work  is 
considerably  less— the  slipping  motion  of  the  stamps  reducing  ihe  ore  much  faster  than  the  drop  alone  can; 
that  the  discharge  is  good,  and  as  to  amalgamating  and  saving  gold,  my  experience  with  it  Is  that  it  is  just 
about  the  same  as  the  ordinary  battery. 

To  the  above  I  shall  add  that  the  new  Automatic  Feed  attached  is  a  perfect  success.  It  can,  in  a 
moment  and  without  stopping,  be  adjusted  to  feed  just  as  -'high"  or  "low"  as  desired,  and  can  be 
depended  upon  to  supply  the  stamps  with  ore  exactly  as  they  need  it.  This  is  important,  as  it  saves  feeding 
by  hand,  which  cannot  be  considered  at  the  present  day.  or  the  purchase  of  a  high-priced  feeder. 

Considered  as  a  convenient  Mill  for  prospecting,  or  for  a  small  mine,  it  fills  the  bill. 

Yours  truly,  [Signed]  JAS    S.  REYNOLDS, 

Supt.  New  York  Mine.  Railroad  Flat. 

The  Mills  ae  we  make  tbem  now  are  Par  Superior  to  the  one  at  the  New  York  Mine. 


TATUM  &  BOWEN 


34  and  36  FREMONT  ST.,  SAN    FRANOISOO,    OAL., 

AND   PORTLAND,   OREGON. 

MANUFACTURERS  OF   MINING  AND  SAW  MILL  MACHINERY. 


WORTHINGTON  STEAM  PUMPS! 

Will  Contract  to  Pamp  any  Eleyation  at  One  Lilt. 

We  are  pumping  through  one  continuous  line  ot  pipe  114  miles  long  against  a  pressure 
equal  to  3500  feet  elevation. 

WE  HAVE   MORE  PUMPING   CAPACITY 

SIIPPI.YING     TVATER     TVOKKS 

Tban  all  other  Manufacturers  In  the  United 
States  Combined. 


WE  BUILD  PUMPS  FOR  EVERY  PURPOSE 

FOR  WHICH  PUMPS  ARE  USED, 

And  against  pressures  up  to  SOOO  pounds  per  square 
inch. 

Send  for  Illustrated  Catalogue. 


Paclflc  Coast  Sales  .Agent, 
NOS.   59   AND   61    FIRST   STREET,    -    -    -    DONAHUE   BUILDING, 

. ABSO  AGENT  FOR  THE 

NATIONAL    WATER     PURIFYING    COMPANY, 

Having  the  largest  Artifieial  Plants  in  the  United  States  in  operation  in  Philadelphia  and  Chattanooga, 
having  coanged  the  next  best  system,  in  several  instances,  to  the  NaiionaL    Any  capacity  guaranteed. 


IMPROVED  FORM  OF  HYDRAULIC  GIANTS. 


THE  ABOVE  COT  ILLUSTRATES  TfiE  IMPROVED  FORM  OF  I)OtrBi:,E- JOINTED  HY- 
DBAUIilC  GIANTS  which  we  manufacture.  We  guarantee  purchasers  of  this  form  of  Giants  against  all 
coats,  expenses  or  damages  which  joay  arise  from  any  adverse  suits  or  actions  at  law.  We  are  further  prepared  to 
^a^niah  Single-Jointed  Giants  when  required.  Prices,  discounts  and  Catalogues  of  our  specialties  ot  hy- 
draulic Mining  Machinery  sent  on  application. 

J0SHUA:HENDY  machine  works,  39  to  51  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco. 


HENDY"    IMPROVED    "CHALLENGE"    ORB    FEEDER. 


The  best  form  of  Feeder  ever  devised,  and  prononnced  by  reputable  mining  men  to  be  fai 
superior  to  any  form  of  "KoUer"  Feeder  manufactured.     We  refer  to  the  follow- 
ing gentlemen  who  have  furnished  us  with  testimonial  letters  to  the 
above  effect,  which  can  be  seen  at  our  ofiBce,   viz.: 


CJ.  W.  Crockee,  Supt.  Bunker  Hill  Gold  Min- 
ing Co.,  Amador  City,  Cal, 
W.  G.  ROBEETS,  Greenwood,  El  Dorado  Co.,  Cal. 


D.  0.  WiOKHAM,  Taylor  Mine,  Greenwood,  Cal. 
J.  R.  Teegloan,  Supt.  South  Spring  Hill  Gold 
Mining  Co.,  Amador  City,  Cal. 


WE   ABE   MANUFACT0EEES  OF  THE 


"CHALLENGE,"   STANFORD,"  '  TULLOCK,"  &    ROLLER"  FEEDERS, 

And  will  furnish  descriptive  Catalogues  and  quote  prices  upon  application. 


Vulcan  Iron  "Works, 

135-145  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco,  Oal. 

Mining  Machinery.  Steam  Engines. 


STAMP  BATTERIES, 

PANS  AND  SETTLERS, 

ROCK  BREAKERS,  ETC,  ETC. 


SAW-MILL  ^ 

cable-road     -machinery. 
refrigeratingJ 


Special  Machinery  to  Order. 

AERIAL    WIRE    ROPEWAYS. 

(Vulcan  Patent  System) 

SINGLE,   ENDLESS    TRAVELING   ROPE. 

Klevated  on  WoodoD  PostSt  from  150  to  2000  feet  apart, 
conveying  Buckets  of  Ore,  Uoal,  Wood,  etc. 


No  Possibility  of  I<oad  Slipping:. 

Cheapest  Form  of  Transportation. 


No  road  needed;    can  be  run  vertically.    No  power 
needed  if  angle  of  descent  be  more  than  8  degrees. 


CAX   SPAN   GULCHES    3000  PEBT  WIDE. 


FRISBEE-LUCOP  MILL  CO., 


-MANUPAOTUBEKS    OF- 


Centrifugal  Roller  Steel  Mills, 

FOR  PULVERIZING  ORES,  WET  OR  DRY, 

For  Amalgamation  or  Concentration,  and  for  Kanufaeture  of  Cement,  Fertilizers,  Paint, 
and  all  other  pnrposes  for  whicTi  grinding  or  pulverizing  is  required. 


Send  for  Catal^f^ie  and  Price  List  to. 


FRISBBB  -  LUCOP    MILL    CO., 

145    BROADWAY,    NEW    YORK. 


VOL.    LX.-  Number  21. 
DEWEY  a.  CO.,  PuaiiSHcm. 


SAN    FRANCISCO,    SATURDAY,  MAY  24.   1890. 


Tliree  Oollare  per  Annum. 
Single  CopicB,  10  Cta 


eral  mercbandiee,  and  soon  found  blmaetf  in 
tbo  ecjoyment  of  a  lucrative  baBinesB, 

After  trading'  at  Mormoa  Island  for  an- 
other year,  he  lought  a  wider  field  of  mer- 
cantile enterprise  and  moved  to  Sacramento, 
where  be  opened  a  general  mercbandiee  store. 
This  he  conducted  Bnccessfnlly  until  1856. 
In  the  meantime,  induced  no  doubt  by  his 
repreeentationa,  several  of  hie  brothers  had 
arrived  in  California,  and,  forming  a  oo- 
partnership,  they  opened  an  extensive  oil 
and  lamp  depot,  which  they  conducted  until 
1869,  when  Josiab  Stanford  withdrew  from 
the  firm,  and,  purcbaeirg  a  vineyard,  has 
since  given  bis  attention  to  viticalture  and 
fruit-raising. 

Among  bis  other  posaeBBiona  is  the  fa* 
mouB  Warm  Springs  Vineyard  property,  in 
Alameda  county,  which  was  given  to  him  by 
bis  brother  Leland.  Mr.  Stanford  was  a 
member  of  the  Society  of  California  Pio- 
neers, in  the  affiirB  of  which  organization 
be  took  a  deep  interest.  It  waa  ever  a  mat- 
ter of  pride  with  him  that  he  helped  to  lay 
the  foundatioDB  of  the  great  new  State, 
whose  welfare  he  always  had  at  heart. 
though  never  given  to  the  seeking  after 
public  preferment.  He  was  one  of  the  Board 
oi  Trustees  of  the  Leland  SUnford,  Jr., 
UoiverBity,  and  it  is  quite  probable  that  bad 
it  not  been  for  bis  efforts  and   representa- 


THE    LATE    JOSIAH    STANFOBD. - 


The  Pioneers  Passing    Away. 

Those  who  were  identified  with  the  early 
mining  history  of  this  State  are  becoming 
fewer  and  fewer  as  the  years  roll  on,  and 
scarcely  a  month  passes  now  but  we  are  called 
upon  to  chronicle  the  death  of  some  of  these 
pioneers.  Within  the  past  week  four  promi- 
nent men,  who  came  here  in  early  days  and  were 
closely  identified  with  the  history  of  the  State, 
have  "  passed  over  the  river."  Josiab  Stan- 
ford, Alpbeus  Bull,  John  H.  Kedington  and 
Wm.  P.  Fuller  were  all  men  who,  in  building 
up  the  fortunes  of  the  State,  bnilt  up  fortunes 
for  tbemselvcB  as  well. 

Jpsiah  Stanford  wae  the  eldest  brother  of 
Senator  Lsland  Stanford.  He  spent  bis  child- 
hood on  his  father's  farm  in  Albany  county, 
N.  Y.,  and  at  the  age  of  18  went  to  New  York 
City  and  spent  a  year  in  the  hardware  busi- 
ness,   returning    in     1836   to  the  farm,   where 


be  remained  nntil  the  California  gold  excite- 
ment of  1S49. 

Josiab  Stanford  was  the  firet  of  the  brothers 
to  become  infected  with  the  gold  fever.  He 
took  passage  in  the  steamship  Falcon  at  New 
York  on  the  27th  day  of  Auguet,  1849,  via 
Panama,  and  entered  the  bay  of  San  Franoieco 
on  the  Slat  of  October,  1849,  making  the 
trip  in  65  days. 

Like  the  majority  of  the  argonauts,  his  first 
anxiety  was  to  reach  the  mines,  and  providing 
himself  with  the  necessary  mining  outfit,  he 
made  his  way  to  Mormon  Island,  where  he 
wielded  the  pick  and  shovel  as  a  miner  with 
varying  success  for  about  a  year.  Becoming 
weary  of  the  hardships  of  a  miner's  life,  and 
becoming  convinoed  that  more  gold  oo.uld  be 
gained  in  mercantile  pursuits,  Mr.  Stanford 
laid  down  bis  pick  and  shovel  and  engaged  in 
business  at  Mormon  Island  as  a  trader.  He 
procured  a  stock  of  miners'  supplies  and  gen* 


tions,  wbioh  brought  Leland  Stanford  to  this 
coast,  California  would  not  have  rejoiced  in 
that  great  inatitution.  Mr.  Stanford  leaves 
a  widow,  aon  and  daughter.  He  was  73 
years  old  at  the  time  of  his  death,  but 
looked  much  younger,  as  be  was  a  man  of 
powerful  frame  and  strong  constitution. 

Alpbeus  Bull  waa  accidentally  drowned  by 
falling  from  the  seawall  at  Fort  Point  while 
visiting  that  place  with  his  family.  Mr. 
Ball  was  74  years  of  age  and  a  native  of 
New  York.  Prior  to  his  arrival  in  California 
in  1840,  he  was  a  minister  of  the  Gospel. 
Shortly  after  bis  arrival  here  he  moved  to 
Red  Bluff  and  Shasta,  where  he  had  a  sue- 
oessful  experience,  and  was  soon  one  of  the 
most  prominent,  wealthy  and  respected 
merchants  of  Northern  California.  He  waa 
then  a  member  of  the  firm  of  Bull,  Baker 
&  Co.,  but  having  acquired  a  fortune, 
moved  to  San  Franoieco  and  became  con- 
nected with  the  Fireman's  Fund  Company 
as  its  vice-president.  This  was  25  years  ago, 
but  since  then  be  has  also  been  prominently 
identified  with  other  insurance  corporations 
and  mining  operations  In  this  city.  He 
was  president  of  the  Conld  &  Carry  and 
several  other  mining  companies. 

Besides  his  home  at  L?avenworth  and 
Francisco  streets,  where  be  has  lived  a  great 
{Continued  on  page  352  ) 


Scale;  1  luch— 12  miles. 

THE    YELLOWSTONE    NATIONAL    PARK-See  page  352. 


.,   BANK  NOTE  CO.  H.  T. 


316 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[May  24,  1890 


Irrigation  Surveys. 

It  ia  telegraphed  from  WaahiDgton  that  the 
irrigation  of  arid  lands  will  be  made  a  party 
question.  Maj  irity  and  minority  reports  have 
been  completta  by  the  8dnate  oommlttee,  and 
General  Vandever  says  the  same  thing  will 
likely  happen  in  the  House  committee.  Sen- 
ators Stewart,  Plumb»  Moody  and  Casey  have 
completed  the  Senate  m^j  >rity  report. 
Majority  Report. 

FjUowing  is  a  synopsis  of  the  Senate  ma- 
jority report: 

B  ifore  giving  a  detailed  account  ol  the  in 
vestigation  of  the  committee,  some  general  ob- 
seiv^tions  and  euggeationa  as  to  what  action 
should  be  taken  by  the  Governnaent  to  enable 
the  people  to  reclaim  and  settle  upon  the  arid 
lands  of  the  United  States  are  submitted. 
Over  two-fifths  of  the  area  of  the  Uoited  S^ate?, 
exclusive  of  Alaska,  require  iingation  to  in- 
sure regular  crops,  and  in  at  least  four  fifths 
of  the  arid  region,  irrigation  is  a  necessity  for 
the  production  thereof- 

This  arid  region  comprises  between  120,000 
and  130,000  equare  miles,  being  a  third  larger 
than  that  of  Biitish  India,  and  very  similar  to 
it  in  its  general  characteristics.  The  amount 
of  land  that  may  be  brought  under  cultivation 
in  the  arid  rpgion  ia  variouBly  estimated  at 
from  75  000,000  to  150,000.000  acres. 

It  is  safe  to  predict  at  least  100,000,000  acres 
will  ultimately  be  brought  under  cultivation 
by  irrigation,  and  that,  too,  by  water  in  sight, 
which,  when  properly  utilized,  will  reclaim  at 
least  10  per  cent  of  the  whole  arid  area. 

The  question  for  consideration  ie:  What  ac- 
tion should  be  taken  by  the  G>vernment  to 
enable  the  people  to  reclaim  these  desert  lands? 
Their  reclamation  must  be  initiated  and  exe- 
cuted by  the  people,  and  not  by  the  Govern- 
ment. 

In  India,  and  in  fact  In  all  countries  under 
monarchic  or  despotic  rule,  the  work  of  irriga- 
tion has  been  carried  on  under  Government 
control,  and  largely  with  Government  money. 
The  Government  of  British  India  has  already 
expended  several  hundred  millions  of  dollars  in 
constructing  irrigation  works,  and  is  oontinu* 
ing  auoh  expenditures  on  a  most  magnificent 
scale. 

Reports  show  that  the  investment  has  been 
profitable  to  the  Gjvernment  and  of  the  great- 
est possible  advantage  t^  the  people,  but  there 
is  no  neceseity  tor  the  Uaited  States  to  engtge 
in  such  expenditures.  If  an  opportunity  is 
furnished  to  the  people  of  this  country,  they 
will  reclaim  these  desert  lands,  so  far  as  re- 
clamation is  necessary.  The  most  important 
action  by  the  Government  in  aid  of  the  re- 
clamation of  these  desert  lands  was  the  passage 
of  the  Acts  of  October  2,  18SS,  and  of  March  2. 
1S89. 

By  the  first  of  these  Acts  $199,000  was  ap- 
nronriated  for  topographic  surveys  and 
$100  000  for  surveys  pertaining  to  irrigation; 
$60,000  was  diverted  by  the  Director  from  that 
purpose  and  added  to  the  appropriation  for 
topographic  surveys,  making  a  sum  of  $259,000 
for  topography  and  leaving  only  $40  000  for  ir- 
rigation. 

By  the  Act  of  March  2,  1889,  $200,000  was 
aporopriated  for  topographic  surveys,  and 
$250,000  for  irrigation  surveys.  Of  the  sum 
appropriated  for  irrigation  surveys,  $120,000 
was  diverted  from  that  purpose  by  the  Director 
and  added  to  the  $200,000  for  topographic  sur- 
veys, making  an  aggregate  of  $320  000  for  to- 
pographic, and  leaving  only  $130,000  for  irri- 
gation surveys  and  office  and  other  expenses 
incidental  thereto. 

Your  committee  regards  this  as  a  plain  viola- 
tion of  the  statute  and  a  misappropriation  of 
money.  It  has  been  represented  by  the  Di- 
rector that  a  general  topographic  map  of  the 
arid  region  is  necessary  for  an  irrigation  sur- 
vey, and  that  unless  it  is  made,  the  cost  of  that 
survey  will  be  increased  manifold.  This  state- 
ment it  is  impossible  to  comprehend. 

It  is,  of  course,  easy  to  see  that  such  a  map 
would  give  useful  information  of  a  general  kind 
and  would  be  convenient  for  many  minor  pur- 
poses, bat  the  engineers,  while  admitting  this, 
testify  with  one  voice  that  its  usefulness  goes 
no  fnrther;  that  such  map  is  not  at  all  neces- 
sary in  any  imperative  sense;  that  it  will  not 
save  them  any  important  amount  of  labor  or 
expense;  that  the  engineering  surveys  would 
be  of  the  same  character  and  cost  the  same 
whether  they  have  maps  or  not;  and  that  no 
use  has  been  made  of  any  topography  by  any 
of  the  engineers  engaged  in  the  irrigation  sur- 
vey except  as  a  general  map  of  the  country. 

A  provision  was  inserted  in  the  Act  of  Oct, 
2,  1888,  which  is  working  a  great  hardship  to 
the  people  of  all  the  arid  Suatea  and  Territories. 
It  was  necessary  to  reserve  all  the  lands  whicb 
may  hereafter  be  designated  or  selected  by  such 
United  States  surveys  for  sites  for  reser- 
voirs and  ditches  or  canals  for  irrigation  pur- 
poses. 

As  matters  now  stand,  no  entries  can  be 
made  or  titles  perfected  to  any  public  lands  of 
the  Uaited  States  requiring  irrigation.  Atten- 
tion is  called  to  this  fact  to  show  the  import 
anoe  of  action  on  Senate  Bill  2104,  as  reported 
from  this  committee. 

The  bill  reserves  the  unappropriated  waters 
of  lakes  and  rivers  on  public  la'  ds  for  such 
heneficial  purpoaes  as  shall  ba  detei  mined  by 
the  States  and  Territories  where  such  waters 
are  situated,  subj  ot  oily  to  the  paramount 
authority  of  the  United  S:ates. 

It  reserves  the  right  of  way  for  ditches,  canxis 
and    other    hydraulic    works    for    irrigation 


purposes,  and  allows  the  flowing  to  be  di- 
verted from  their  natural  beds  upon  the  arid 
areas. 

It  also  reserves  to  the  United  States  the 
adjudication  of  all  questions  that  may  arise  in 
relation  to  storage  conservation,  flowing  and 
distribution  of  all  natural  waters  located  at  the 
boundary  of  Slates  or  Territories.  It  repeals 
all  laws  for  the  sale  of  lands  where  irrigation 
is  necessary,  except  the  mineral  and  home- 
steading  laws. 

The  bill  also  confers  the  power  upon  the 
CommisBioner  of  Irrigation  to  regulate  the 
amount  of  land  which  may  be  taken  in  a  girdn 
locality  by  homestead  settlers,  not  exceeding 
160  acres.  It  further  provides  that  when  res- 
ervoirs, canals  and  other  hydraulic  works  shall 
have  been  completed  so  as  to  irrigate  all  the 
land  in  a  given  district,  patents  may  be  issued 
to  claimants  of  public  lands  in  such  district 
upon  compliance  with  the  laws  in  force  at  the 
time  the  claims  were  made,  and  also  provides 
that  when  an  irrigation  district  is  formed  in 
any  State  or  Territory,  and  the  laws  of  such 
State  or  Territory  permit,  legal  voters  resitting 
io  such  district  may  t&x  the  land  of  the  State 
and  of  private  individuals  for  the  purpose  of 
coDstrnoting  such  hydraulic  works  as  are  for 
the  common  benefit  of  all  irrigable  lands  in 
sDch  district. 

United  States  lands  th^ein  shall  bear  the 
same  burdens  as  are  imposed  on  State  lands  and 
the  lands  of  private  persons,  and  homestead 
settlers  who  take  such  lands  with  irrigation 
works  couBtrncted  for  their  reclamation  shall 
take  them  Bubjeot  to  the  payment  of  the  same 
obarges  as  have  been  paid  by  private  parties  for 
the  same  purpose;  provided  that  the  amount  of 
auoh  taxes  shall  be  approved  by  the  Commia- 
aioner  of  Irrigation,  and  that  the  United  States 
shall  not  in  any  case  be  liable  for  any  of  such 
charges. 

It  further  provides  that  the  p&ople  of  a  dis 
trict  situated  in  two  or  more  S'ates,  or  in  a 
State  and  Territory,  may  have  the  benefits  of 
this  Act  by  the  JDint  action  of  all  the  States  and 
Territories  in  wbioh  any  portion  of  such  dis 
trict  ia  situated,  or  in  case  any  of  the  States  or 
Territories  refuse  to  join,  then  the  SSate  or 
Territory  in  which  a  large  portion  of  the  ir- 
rigable land  is  situated  may  perform  all  the  acts 
necessary  to  enable  legal  voters  to  reclaim 
lands  and  secure  the  benefits  of  the  Act. 

The  committee,  believing  that  irrigation 
pertains  to  agriculture,  and  not  to  gi^ology  and 
other  snbjecta  under  charge  of  the  Director  of 
the  Geological  Survey,  and  differing  from  the 
Director  as  to  the  mode  of  conducting  snob 
matters  as  relate  to  irrigation,  has  provided  for 
the  transfer  of  the  irrigation  sutvey  to  the  Ag- 
ricultural Department,  and  the  appointment  of 
a  Commissioner  of  Irrigation  in  that  depart 
ment. 

The  paasage  of  this  bill,  it  ia  believed,  will 
enable  bona  fide  aettlers  and  land-owners  to  de- 
velop the  arid  region  by  their  united  efforts. 
It  will  give  full  play  to  the  enterprise  of  the 
pioneers  of  the  West. 

It  avoids  as  far  as  possible  Government  in 
terference,  and  freea  the  Government  from  the 
enormous  expanse  which  would  be  involved  if 
the  United  States  should  undertake  to  super- 
vise and  control  thie  vast  region,  as  suggested 
by  the  Director  of  the  Geological  Survey,  It 
also  prevents  the  delay  which  would  be  occa- 
sioned by  waiting  for  the  expenditure  of  many 
millions  of  doUara  in  geologic  and  topographio 
anrveya  and  in  paleontologic,  chemical  and 
physical  reeearchea  under  the  Director  of  the 
Geological  Survey,  and  also  avoida  the  embar- 
rassment which  would  be  imposed  upon  irriga- 
tion by  charging  to  it  the  expenditures  made 
by  the  Director  of  the  Geological  Survey  for 
other  purposes. 

Minority  Report. 

Senators  Reagan,  Gorman  and  Jones  of  Ar- 
kansas say  that,  finding  themselves  unable  to 
agree  with  the  majority  of  the  Senate  Committee 
on  Arid  Landa,  tdey  submit  a  minority  report. 
An  analysis  of  the  bill  of  the  minority  is  made  by 
sections  and  the  effect  of  each  section  pointed 
out.  The  aections  may  here  be  characterized 
summarily: 

Section  1  of  the  bill  provides  for  the  survey 
of  arid  lands  into  natural  irrigation  districts. 
Section  2  provides  for  the  segregation  of  irriga- 
ble lands.  Section  3  provides  that  lands  al- 
ready irrigated  shall  be  declared  irrigable  for 
purposes  contemplated  in  the  bill.  Section  4 
provides  that  certain  of  the  irrigation  works  shall 
be  constructed  only  on  sites  designated  and  re- 
served therefor,  in  order  to  protect  water  rights 
and  to  conserve  waters  for  beneficial  purposes. 

Section  5  provides  for  the  division  of  waters 
among  districts.  Section  6  provides  for  the  or- 
ganization of  districts  situated  in  two  or  more 
States  or  Territoriea.  Section  7  provides  that 
non-irrigable  lands  shall  remain  in  the  posses- 
sion  of  the  General  Government,  as  foreats  and 
pasturage  reservatlona,  and  catchment  areas 
for  irrigable  landa,  but  it  provides  for  the  dis- 
posal of  Irrigable  landa  to  homcBtead  settlers  in 
tracts  not  greater  than  SO  acres.  Section  8  at- 
taches water  rights  to  the  homesteada  of  irriga- 
ble lands.  Saotion  9  makes  it  unlawful  to  con- 
struct unauthorized  irrigation  works. 

SeclioD  10  providea  in  general  terms  apian 
for  the  nrganization  of  irrigation  districts. 
Section  11  gives  to  the  commissioners  of  ir- 
rigation districts  authority  to  provide  laws 
and  rules  for  the  nae  of  waters  belonging 
to  the  districts  and  for  the  protection  and  use 
of  forests,  and  the  protection  and  use  of 
pasturage.  Section  12  makes  it  lawful  for 
States  and  Territories  to  provide  general  legis- 
lation relating  to  the  use  of  waters,  forests  and 


pasturage,  and  provides  methods  by  which  cap- 
ital for  the  construction  of  irrigation  works 
may  be  obtained. 

Section  13  makes  it  lawful  for  States  to  pro- 
vide a  board  of  irrigation  commissioners  to  su- 
pervise and  approve  the  works  authorized  and 
contracts  made  by  the  district  commissioners. 
Section  14  of  the  bill  provides  that  cities  and 
towns  may  be  excluded  from  irrigation  districts, 
and  gives  the  States  and  Territories  authority 
to  designate  the  waters  which  such  cities  and 
towns  may  nae,  Sdctlon  15  provides  a  method 
for  obtaining  the  consent  of  the  States  and 
Territories  to  the  legislation  proposed  in  the 
bill,  and  refnaes  the  rights  and  benefits  other- 
wiue  granted  to  any  State  or  Territory  which 
fails  10  give  its  consent. 

The  general  effect  of  the  bill  is  to  turn  over 
the  control  of  irrigation  to  the  States  and  dis- 
tricts. General  statutes  are  to  be  made  by  the 
States  and  specific  rules  by  the  distriota. 
Therefore  it  will  accompliah  local  self-govern- 
ment in  relation  to  irrigation  and  forest  and 
pasturage  administration.  It  relieves  the  Gen- 
eral Government  of  all  subsequent  legislative 
and  administrative  dutiea,  excupt  only  to  com- 
plete the  irrigation  survey  of  the  whole  and  a 
sutvey  of  the  irrigable  lands. 

The  creation  of  a  new  bureau  of  irrigation  in 
the  Agricultural  D  3partment  is  unnecessary 
and  unwise,  therefore  ia  not  recommended. 
The  director  of  the  survey  has  expended  a  por- 
tion of  the  funds  for  necessary  topographic 
work  as  part,  of  the  irrigation  survey.  This  is 
strictly  in  compliance  with  the  statute.  The 
present  irrigation  survey  is  performing  its 
dutiea  in  oomplianoe  with  the  law  and  in  an 
efficient  and  thorough  manner,  and  the  work 
under  it  should  proceed  at  a  reasonable  rate  of 
progress  until  it  is  finished.  It  Is  estimated 
that  the  irrigation  survey  will  cost  $7000, 000. 
but  that  in  making  maps  it  will  save  $4,000,000 
to  the  geological  survey.  Thus  the  real  cost 
of  an  irrigation  survey  is  but  $3  000,000  over 
and  above  the  cost  of  a  geological  survey. 


Comstock  Mine  Management. 

The  Virginia  Enterprise  aaya  ;  The  Corn- 
stock  lode  proper  and  its  vicinity,  created  by 
the  *'  influence  "  of  the  primal  cause  that  form 
ed  the  great  ledge,  is  still  as  great  a  mining 
spot  as  there  ia  on  earth,  and  will  entertain  the 
mining  energy  of  the  world  for  the  next  hundred 
years. 

Five-sixths  of  the  incorporated  Institutions 
on  thia  lode  eince  1878  have  sold  for  far  less 
than  they  could  havd  been  made  to  produce  if 
decently  managed,  speaking  without  acruplous- 
ness  about  intelligent  management.  Capital 
ista  can  step  into  the  Qm  Francisco  Stock  and 
Exchange  Board  to-day  and  bay  up  a  dozen 
mining  properties  at  the  ruling  quotations,  and 
clear  all  the  way  from  8  to  20  per  cent  a  year 
on  their  investment  and  keep  it  up  for  a  gener 
ation.  There  are  exceedingly  few  favored  spots 
on  earth  that  can  do  better. 

Why  does  mining  not  pay?  The  mining  con 
ditlons  on  the  lode  are  barnacled  with  30  years 
of  gambling,  of  mismanagement,  of  more  or 
lesa  corruption,  of  experiments  and  non- 
aavey.  Paying  ore  is  here  in  limitlesa  qaau' 
titles — the  very  same  kind  of  ore  from  whicb 
dividends  are  paid  the  world  over,  excepting 
where  they  are  worked  under  similar  conditions 
as  they  are  here.  The  men  who  are  most  deeply 
interested  in  mining  operationa  could  make 
more  money  on  their  investments  working  their 
interests  as  a  farmer  works  his  ranch,  if  they 
could  get  out  of  the  old  path  and  its  faaclna' 
ttons.  There  ia  not  a  mining  superintendent 
on  the  lode  who  would  not  have  his  life's  dc 
sire  if  he  owned  the  properties  he  superintends 
to  the  mere  extent  of  what  he  could  make  out 
of  them  over  and  above  expenses. 

Taking  it  aside  from  the  Incorporated  prop- 
erties, this  is  a  good  section  in  which  to 
invest  money.  There  U  room  for  a  half-dozen 
big  concerns  to  operate  in  Silver  city,  with 
every  hope  of  fair  reward.  No  man  looking  for 
a  mine  should  overlook  Silver  Oity.  There  is 
hope  of  fair  reward  in  Jumbo  district,  to  the 
west  of  Mount  Dividson.  There  ia  an  inviting 
field  to  the  northeast  of  the  Sierra  Nevada 
mine,  and  also  northeast  In  the  neighborhood 
of  the  Hendricks  property.  On  the  Brunswick 
lode,  immediately  east  of  J;he  Oomstock  ledge, 
the  prospects  are  most  flattering,  and  it  is  only 
a  question  of  a  short  time  when  it  will  be  prop- 
erly proapeoted.  Very  much  now  depends 
upon  the  success  of  the  Occidental  mine  for 
this,  and  it  is  to  be  hoped  that  the  ore  will  be 
given  a  fair  chance.  The  recent  development 
of  ore  in  the  Overman  brings  the  American 
Flat  section  to  the  front  aa  a  fair  field  for  in 
vestment. 


Heavy  Mining  Sale  — Advices  from  Oro- 
ville,  Biitte  Co.,  state  that  the  largest  sale  of 
mining  property  ever  effected  in  the  county  has 
just  been  closed.  The  Bale  embraces  the  Cipe, 
Uoion  Cape  and  Greek  Mining  Co. 'a  property 
in  the  bed  of  the  Feather  river,  commencing  at 
the  eastern  boundary  of  this  town  and  extend- 
ing up  the  river  nearly  two  miles.  Tha  upper 
portion  of  the  ground  was  formerlv  known  aa 
Cape  claim,  and  was  flimed  in  1S56,  at  which 
time  $1,000,000  was  taken  out.  Duly  a  smalt 
portion  of  the  ground  was  worked,  and  that  in 
a  very  rough  manner.  Maj  tr  Frank  McLaugh- 
lin made  the  sale  and  an  Eaglish  company  is 
the  purchaser.  In  addition  to  the  mines  the 
company  will  open  vast  tracts  of  country  by  a 
great  irrigating  c^nal,  and  create  a  great  power 
adjacent  to  the  place. 


Mines  of  Lander  County,  Nev. 

In  a  dcBcription  of  the  resources  of  Lander 
county,  Nev,,  published  in  the  Jieese  River  Re* 
veiUt^  we  take  the  following  paragraphs : 

The  two  principal  resources  of  the  county 
are  silver  and  the  live-stock  industry;  the  third 
resource  being  agriculture.  The  mines  are 
principally  located  at  Austin,  Galena,  Lewis, 
Bullion,  Fittabnrgh,  Kingston,  Oortez,  Mays 
ville,  New  Pass  and  Yankee  Blade,  with  good 
prospects  lu  every  mountainous  portion  of  the 
oonnty.  The  Austin  mines  are  mostly  owned 
by  the  Manhattan  Mining  and  Rednotiou  Com- 
pany of  Chicago,  with  C.  A.  Pratt,  Esq.,  as 
Superintendent,  and  aa  a  part  of  the  work  a 
plant  of  Fiue  ooncentratora  baa  been  run  for 
two  yeara  on  the  dump  and  waste  rock  that 
had  been  coneidered  valueless  for  20  years,  at  a 
orofit  of  $80,000  per  year,  or  a  total  profit  of 
$160,000  for  the  company,  besides  half  as  much 
more  to  the  laborers  who  were  required  in  the 
work.  There  has  also  been  large  quantities  of 
that  celebrated  rnby  and  black  anlphuret  ore 
taken  from  the  Union  and  other  minea  of  thia 
company,  of  which  Lander  HUl  ia  ao  peouliarly 
celebrated,  and  with  the  unproapected  ground 
between  the  Curtis  and  Frost  ehafts,  delved 
into  In  the  future,  Auetin  will  recover  her  old 
place  among  the  large  ore>producing  oampa  of 
Nevada. 

The  Manhattan  mines  have  produced  over 
$24,000,000  since  1SG5  alone,  and  the  minea  of 
tbe  county  not  less  than  $33,000,000  in  the  last 
25  yearp. 

The  Galena  Incorporated  minea  are  now  oper- 
ated by  a  company,  with  A,  G.  Higbee  as  Su- 
perintendent, and  it  ia  intended  to  build  a  mill 
and  work  a  large  force  of  men  this  summer. 

Many  victorious  and  auccessful  prospectors 
are  engaged  at  Galena,  outside  of  the  main  com- 
pany, and  their  labors  are  being  largely  reward- 
ed by  handsome  and  paying  returns. 

Lewis,  Bullion,  Piutaburgh  and  Maysville  are 
aitnated  in  the  nortbcn  part  of  the  county,  at 
which  places  are  many  mines  of  great  promise, 
and  which  have  produced  large  bullion  returns, 
the  Bittle  Mountain  Silver  Mining  Company 
being  the  principal  one  at  Lewis,  W.  H.  Wil- 
liams, Superintendent, 

Pittsburg  is  controlled  by  an  Eaglish  com- 
pany, of  which  Captain  Secombe  is  Superin- 
tendent and  Isaac  P.  Weaver  book-keeper. 

At  Maysville,  Col.  W.  S.  Wilson,  whose 
pluck,  business  tact  and  energy  are  marvelous, 
has  just  completed  a  new  mill,  and  the  first  five 
days  run  yielded  over  $7,000  in  bullion.  The 
mines  which  Col.  Wilaon  owns  at  Maysville 
were  discovered  by  him  some  few  years  ago, 
and  the  first  10  tons  of  rook  taken  therefrom 
and  shipped  to  Reno  netted  Mr.  Wilson  over 
$20,000,  and  the  test  juet  made  of  reducing  the 
orea  on  the  gronnd,  makes  it  certain  that  these 
minea  are  to  figure  prominently  in  Lander 
county's  prosperity  in  the  future. 

The  Kingston  mines  in  the  south  end  of  the 
county,  operated  by  General  Spencer  and  John 
C.  Irvine,  promise  large  returns  soon. 

The  New  Pass  gold  mines  were  operated  on  a 
small  scale  last  summer,  after  lying  idle  fifteen 
years,  and  produced  the  management  of  Starrett 
and  Bamdohr  over  $16,000  in  gold  bullion,  and 
I  have  no  doubt  but  that  during  the  coming  sum- 
mer these  mines,  under  the  same  management, 
will  exceed  the  last  year's  results.  These  minea 
are  situated  in  the  t  xtreme  western  portion  of 
the  county,  some  25  miles  irom  Austin,  in  the 
hills  uear  New  Pass  on  tbe  old  overland  road. 

Yankee  Blace  minea,  eome  five  miles  north 
from  Austin,  have  producod  large  quantities  of 
the  richest  rock  of  any  camp  in  the  county,  not 
excepting,  we  belli ve.  Old  Lander  Hill;  but 
Che  trouble  at  Yankee  Blade  ia  too  much  water. 
When  machinery  and  mouey  have  baen  foand 
to  handle  the  water  at  Yankee  Blade,  handsome 
profits  will  be  the  result.  Much  praise  is  due 
Tim  Connolly,  Hank  Eoaign,  W.  E.  Ford,  and 
many  others  who  have  persisted  in  their  confi- 
dence in  these  minea,  and  who  h&va  ao  long  and 
patiently  contributed  their  money  and  labor  to 
their  development. 

Tbe  Patriot  Mining  Co.  has  just  organizad  to 
work  the  Patriot  mine  at  Yankee  Blade,  and  is 
compOBed  of  Jtfferson  Hull,  W.  T.  Hook,  0.  W. 
Hinchciiffe,  O,  B.  Vincent,  T.  H.  George,  An- 
drew Blight,  Jaa.  Rowe,  Steve  Buddie  and  P.  T. 
Farrel.  All  theae  areresidentBof  Austin,  being 
prominent  business  men  and  practical  miners. 
The  machinery  is  being  placed  on  the  mine  now, 
and  we  have  no  doubt  but  the  labors  of  thia 
company  will  be  largely  rewarded. 

Two  years  ago  W,  J.  Chamberlain  &  Co,  of 
Denver,  Colorado,  erected  sampling  works  on 
the  railroad,  six  milea  northwest  from  Austin, 
at  L^dlie  Junction,  under  the  management  of 
W.  E  Weet,  which  have  contributed  largely  to 
the  mining  interests  of  both  Lander  and  Nye 
counties,  and  should  Congress  be  induced  to 
enact  any  legislation  favorable  to  silver,  with 
the  mines  and  appliances  that  Lander  county 
ba9  been  given  by  nature,  science  and  pluck — 
that  pluck  which  is  characteristic  of  the  pioneer 
and  miner  all  over  the  western  coast,  soon  old 
Lander  would  be  that  oftradise  for  the  miner  so 
familiar  from  1S63  to  1878. 


The  Anthracite  Mines, — It  is  icteresting 
to  iron  workers  to  know  that  the  present  ca- 
pacity of  the  PeuDsylvAnla  anthracite  coal 
region  will  allow  of  an  output  of  about  1,000,000 
tons  of  coal  per  week  ;  but  for  some  time  past 
leas  than  half  that  amount  has  been  mined, 
and  cone  quently  terrible  destitution  exists 
among  the  miners.  There  are  more  miners 
than   there  is  work  for,  even  with  a  full  output. 


May  24    1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


347 


The  Difep  Gold  Placers  of  California. 

NUMKI^K    VIII 

[  WiitUii  (or  the  i>Rit»i»  ao<I  C<>|>y(lKht«)  1890.  h>  lIURr 
i;.  llASKH,  F.  G.  &  A..  F.  G.  S] 

BievatloDs  of  Mountains    and  Geoloslcal 
Hlatory  of  the  World  In  Brief. 

Id  explaaation  of  my  theory,  we  mast  trace 
back  the  history  of  the  esrtb  as  far  as  our  lim- 
ited ooooeption  oao  oompreheod  it ;  for  it  te 
utterly  impoasible  for  the  human  mind  to  roal- 
isd  the  period  of  time  over  which  the  earth's 
history  extends. 

We  ma&t  admit  the  oreatioa  of  matter  by  an 
intelligent  being,  or  assume  It  eternal  and  gov- 
erned by  laws  also  eternal. 

The  modern  soienoe  of  chemistry  has  taught 
us  that  matter  is  governed  by  fixed  laws,  the 
operation  of  which  oausee  the  Inoesssnt  change 
upon  whioh  our  existence  is  dependent.  The 
idea  of  matter  in  perfect  repose  is  inconceiva- 
ble. Were  there  no  elements  there  could  be  no 
compouads,  no  ohanges,  and  consequently  no 
universe,  no  solar  system,  no  life. 

If  we  accept  the  nebular  hypothesis,  we  may 
revert  in  imagination  to  a  period  when  all  mat- 
ter DOW  entering  into  the  composition  of  the 
solar  system  was  in  an  attenuated,  gaseous 
state,  whioh,  condensing  slowly,  gave  birth  to 
the  sun  and  planets  as  we  now  know  them.  Dur- 
ing the  period  of  evolution,  elements  reacted  on 
each  other  to  produce  all  mineral  subatanoes 
known  and  onknown.  Daring  the  cooling  of 
the  earth  (the  only  planet  near  enough  to  be 
examined  closely  by  ub)  it  was  condensed, 
partly  fused,  shattered  and  patched  a  multi- 
tude of  times  ;  the  surface  wrinkled  and  plica- 
tedj  [again  and  again.  The  mountains  eo 
formed,  eroded  by  creeping  ice  and  washed 
by  rivers  that  no  longer  exist,  were  carried  to 
oceans  the  beds  of  whioh  now  lie  on  the  highest 
mountains. 

Sediments  in  vast  quantities,  the  ruins  of  the 
first  formed  oryatalline  rooks,  aagmented  by 
animal  and  vegetable  remains,  were  elevated 
and  depressed  many  times,  denuded  and  again 
river-wafted  to  other  ocean-beds,  until  a  vast 
network  of  rooks  was  constructed,  so  numerous 
and  so  di£Fereut  in  composition  as  to  bewilder 
the  most  skilled  lithologist  of  the  present  time. 

The  elevation  of  mountains  assumed  to  be 
caused  by  the  contraction  of  the  earth's  crust, 
was  exemplified  at  the  International  Geological 
Congress,  held  at  Paris  in  1S7S.  A  common 
toy  balloon  was  iofitted  and  coated  with  wax; 
as  the  air  or  gas  blowly  esoaped  through  the 
pores,  oontraotion  caused  the  wax  to  break  and 
rise  in  ridges  bearing 
a  marked  resemblance  f 
to  chains  of  mountains,  j 
I  have  repeated  this  ex-  , 
perlment  in  San  Fran-  | 
Cisco  with  like  results.  I 
It  is  easy  to  realize  that  | 
similar  contraction  > 
would  cause  great  ten-  i 
sion  in  a  sphere  as  < 
large  as  the  earth.  In  j 
rocks  yielding  to  such  j 
a  pressure,  depresBlona  i 
as  well  as  elevations  . 
would  result;  the  con-  | 
traction  would  not  only  I 
cause  fissures  of  greater 
or  less  magnitude,  but  i 
the  pressure  changed  to 
heat  would  create  voU 
oanio  and  aolfataric  en- 
ergy. The  same  ero- 
sion, lake-bed  excava- 
tion ,  formation  o  f 
bowlders,  gravel  and 
pipeclay,  and  other  geo- 
logical phenomena,  have 
been,  are  now,  and  will 
continue  in  operation  in 
many  parts  of  the  earth. 

From  a  geological 
standpoint  we  may  infer 
that  these  changes  will 
eventually  result  in 
matter  returning  to  its 
nebulous  state  to  be 
created  again  as  before. 

All  this  is  of  great  in- 
terest to  the  geologist, 
but  it  is  the  gold  iu  the 

bedrook  channels  that  makes  their  origin  in- 
teresting to  the  world  at  large,  and  to  the  peo- 
ple of  California  in  particular. 

The  former  theory  that  the  deep-river  chan- 
nels on  the  sides  of  mountains  and  hills  are 
wholly  the  work  of  the  running  stream,  has 
been  greatly  modified  in  modern  times.  Snoe 
geology,  by  evolution,  became  an  important 
science,  it  has  been  conceded  that  other  forces 
acted  in  concert,  some  continuously  and  others 
at  intervals,  and  that  ice  has  been  an  active 
agent  iu  mountain  sculpture, 

Hutton  and  Playfair  maintained  that  all  val- 
ley erosion  was  the  work  of  rivers.  Bikewell 
balieved  that  elevation  by  subterranean  forces 
would  naturally  leave  an  uneven  surface  down 
whioh  rivers  would  afterward  flow.  Without 
elevation  there  could  be  no  torrents.  No  river 
can  erode  a  deep  channel  without  placing  its 
debris  at  some  lower  level,  the  position  of 
which  may  be  known. 

Mr.  Faray,  an  Eaglish  geologist,  advanced  a 
theory  that  the  surface  of  the  earth  was  broken 
and  deluged  by  the  near  approach  of  a  comet. 


There  must  be  something  fascinating  about 
this  theory,  for  it  has  been  referred  to  by 
nnmerona  writers.  Donnelly,  in  his  work 
"Rignarok,  the  Age  of  Fire  and  Oravel,"  has 
assumed  It,  and  attributes  the  gravel  to  the 
falling  to  the  earth  of  cosmical  matter  from  a 
oomet'a  tail;  but  it  would  be  dilliault  to  con- 
vince a  geologist  that  quartz  bowlders  contain- 
ing gold,  and  a  till  coniposed  wholly  of  quaitz, 
oan  be  ultra-terrestrial. 

Aaother  theory  by  Pallas  and  Sir  James 
Hall  supposes  a  succession  of  inundations  in 
the  nature  of  tidal  waves  caused  by  earth- 
quakes. Hall's  theory  assumed  that  if  a  sud- 
den upheaval  of  an  isUnd  as  large  as  Sumatra 
should  take  place,  a  resulting  tidal  wiva  might 
lift  glaciers  from  monntBin-tops  and  place  them 
in  such  a  position  that  the  melting  ice  would 
spread  the  drift  on  the  surface  as  we  find  it. 

The  words  denudation  and  erosion  are  used 
by  geologists  to  imply  the  wearing  away  by 
natural  causes  of  elevated  portions  of  the 
earth's  cruet,  and  the  placing  of  the  debris  In 
depressions.    The  ctfdot  of  this,  if  suffioiently 


Fig.  8.-SBMI-0UBI0AL    ANTARCno    ICEBERG 


long  continued,  would  be  to  reduce  the  earth  to 
a  more  perfect  sphere  and  thns  render  it  unin- 
habitable; for  the  water  would  then  cover  the 
land,  forming  a  universal  shallow  ocean.  Sub- 
terranean energy,  however,  prevails,  which 
again  breaks  the  surface.  The  operation  of 
these  opposite  forces  causes  phenomena  the 
study  of  which  is  the  soienoe  of  geology. 

The  erosion  of  mountains  is  a  favorite  theme 
not  oonfined  to  geological  writers.  The  fol- 
lowing is  qaoted  from  Coxe's  "Travels  in 
Switz^rlana  ": 

**  What  a  chaos  of  mountains  heaped  upon 
one  another,  a  dreary,  desolate,  sublime  ap 
pearance.  It  looks  like  the  rnin  and  wreck  of 
a  world." 

The  denudation  of  the  highlands  is  a  vast 
concentrating  process,  yet  similar  to  the  oper- 
ation the  go  d  miner  performs  in  his  humble 
pan.     Heavy   substances   assume  one  position, 


forme;  when,  during  a  period  of  elevation,  min- 
eral veins  fill  accidental  fissures,  thermal 
waters  gather  from  the  fertile  wall-rocks  the 
metalliferous  roioerals  thev  contain  aud  place 
them  between  the  walls,  B  fore  flowing  water 
oan  act  on  the  recks  except  snpeifioially,  they 
mniit  be  reduced  to  a  pulp  or  at  Itast  crushed 
or  coarsely  pulverized. 

There  are  numerous  agencies  engaged  in  the 
work  of  denudation,  some  continuous,  others 
intermittent,  but  the  priuoipal  ones  are  as  fol- 
lowN,  minor  ones  being  disrrgarded  : 

(I)  GUolers,  (2)  landelides,  (li)  avalanches, 
(4)  uloudburats,  (o)  rivers,  and  waters  in  mo- 
tion, (6)  ohauges  of  temperature. 

Glaciers. 

To  those  who  have  no  knowledge  of  the  pe- 
culiarities of  a  glacier  and  are  not  familiar  with 
(he  conditions  under  which  alone  one  can  exist, 
a  brief  description  of  them  will  be  necessary 
before  the  theory  advanced  In  this  paper  can 
be  fully  understood. 
The  reader  must  be  prepared  to  take  a  broad 
view  of  the  subject,  and  to 
admit  that  there  is  no  con- 
dition of  absolute  rigidity 
in  any  form  of  matter  with 
whioli  we  are  acqaainted. 
Fluidity  and  rigiditv  are 
comparative  terms.  Hard- 
ened steel  and  the  most  in- 
dncatfd  rocks  are  to  a  cer- 
tain degree  fluid.  This 
fact  is  strikingly  apparent 
during  an  eartl- quake,  or 
when  one  stands  on  the 
top  of  a  slender  stone  col- 
umn like  the  London  fire 
monument,  in  a  high  wind. 
But  pliability  and  fluidity 
pertain  to  some  forms  of  matter  in  a  greater 
aegree  than  to  others.  A  scale  of  substances 
might  bs  selected  to  illustrate  these  properties 
iuoreaoing  in  rigidity  by  successive  steps,  as 
oymogene,  rblgolene,  ether,  alcohol,  water,  oil, 
molaaSfS,  tar,  asphalt,  and  so  on  to  the  hardest 
rock,  it  is  a  singular  fact  that  some  substances 
so  hard  that  they  fly  in  fragments  under  a 
quick  blow  of  a  hammer,  may  be  plicated  with 
vase  by  slow  movement.  As  an  illustration  of 
thiu  the  leader  is  referred  to  the  oonfectioner, 
who  breaks  soft  candy  by  gentle  but  quick 
blows  of  a  small  hammer. 

A  mass  of  common  asphalt  laid  on  a  table 
in  buoh  a  manner  that  a  considerable  portion 
pre  j^ots,  will  very  gradually  bend  at  a  right 
angle  and  soon  commence  flowing  in  an  attenu- 
att  d  stream  whioh  will  continue  until  all  the  pro- 
j  cting  portion  has  piled  up  on  the  floor  in  the 
lorm  of  a  bituminous  stalagmite.     It  the  tarry 


light  ones  another.     Tnaa  magnetite,  whioh  ai  j  threads  are  taken  in  the  hand  they  will  be 


t  ^iBmsiiik^^a^w<\iti:tmimksf^-^r^'^- 


Fig.  a-THE    MUIR    GLACIER    FROM    THE    MORAINE. 


one  time  was  disseminated  in  the  crystalline 
rooks,  forms  beds  of  limnnite  and  ocher  as  we 
find  and  utilize  them.  So  the  lighter  matter, 
after  giving  up  its  alkali  to  water,  becomes 
clay  and  argillaceous  shales,  Qiartz,  liberated 
by  decomposition  of  granites,  a:«8umes  the  form 
of  sand  and  sandstone,  and  still  associated  with 
mica,  yields  mica  sohiat  and  gneiss.  The  ac- 
cumulations of  corals  and  marine  shells  in  the 
seabeds  produce  limestones  and  dolomites. 
These  are  a  few  examples  as  an  illustration  of 
the  many  known  to  the  geologist. 

Fine  sedimentary  silts,  under  great  pressure 
caused  by  contraction,  become  slate,  having 
sometimes  vertical  cleavage,  although  depos- 
ited iu  horizontal  strata. 

The  waters  of  the  sea,  into  which  nearly  all 
land  streams  flow,  gathered  soluble  salts  from 
deoomposing  earthy  minerals,  which  were  in 
part  precipitated  by  aupersaturatinn,  and  re 
turned  in  other  forms  to  the  sediments  which 
eventually  became  rocks  of  a  different  character 

These  new  composite  rocks  contain  many 
elements     and    compounds     in     ever-changing 


found  as  bard  as  the  original.  This  is  given  as 
an  illustration,  but  all  known  substances  with- 
out exception  possess  this  property  to  a 
greater  or  less  extent. 

In  the  streets  of  San  Francisco  the  hitumin- 
ona  pavements  affjrd  an  interesting  object-les- 
son for  study;  the  ever-creeping  asphalt  may 
be  seen  to  possess  properties  similar  to  those 
above  mentioned,  and  to  be  governed  by  the 
same  laws  that  set  the  glaciers  in  motion,  and 
thereby  produce  remarkable  geological  changes. 
Although  on  a  cold  day  this  material  will  break 
like  glats  if  struck  with  a  hammer,  on  a  warm 
one,  although  in  a  literal  sense  solid,  it  will 
slowly  flow  down  any  accidental  decline  and 
overflow  the  glass  dead-lights  in  the  sidewalks, 
the  surface  assuming  a  corrugated  appearance, 
resembling  in  miniature  the  fissured  surface  of 
a  glacier. 

Earth  GlacierB- 

While  this  term  is  manifestly  Incorrect,  it  is 
not  easy  to  find  a  more  suitable  one,  and  it 
must  serve  its  purpose  to  convey  the  meanine 
intended.     This  geological  phenomenon,  whioh 


is  probablv  more  common  than  known,  might 
produce  <  fl^dcts  similar  to  those  of  a  true  glacier, 
or  at  least  do  its  part  in  that  direotion. 

The  earth  glacier  is  in  no  sense  an  avalanche 
cr  landslide,  both  of  which  sweep  down  the 
mountain-side  expending  their  energy  within  a 
few  minutes  of  time,  but  is  a  slow-moving  mass 
of  loose  earth  on  an  inolintd  bedrock;  the  lower 
portion  btiug  grailually  removed  by  various 
cmses,  the  mass  with  resittless  force  seeks  a 
lower  level,  crushing  and  grinding  yielding 
rooks  in  its  path. 

The  fnllowiog  quotations  from  the  Second 
Annual  K-aport  of  the  State  Mineralogist,  1882, 
describe  an  instance  of  this  rature  I  observtd  in 
Butte  oounty,  near  Oroville  : 

**  Ou  reaching  Mortis  Rivine  I  witnesstd  a 
strange  sight.  Here  was  a  moving  mass  of 
earth  miles  in  extent,  governed  in  part  bv  the 
same  laws  which  apply  to  glacier?.  When 
Hon.  W.  C.  Hendricks  commenced  hydraulic 
mining  in  the  stream  ravine  whioh  has  been  slug* 
nlarly  rich  iu  gold,  he  met  with  suooees.  An  he 
progressed,  he  noticed  certain  eingular  phe- 
nomena for  which  he  could  not  account.  O'a 
one  portion  of  the  olaini  the  ground  was  found 
to  have  risen,  while  it  had  sunk  on  otherp. 
While  piping  to  remove  the  auriferous  earth,  he 
did  not  seem  to  progress,  or  to  uncover  the 
bedrock  to  the  extent  expected,  when  at  last 
it  ocourred  to  him  that  the  groond  was  moving 
slowly  forward,  in  proportion  as  the  earth  was 
removed  by  the  powerful  bydranUc  stream. 
When  he  fully  real  z^d  this,  be  watched  more 
closely  and  found  it  to  be  a  fact.  Strange  as 
it  may  seem,  here  we  have  many  of  the  condi- 
tions of  the  glacier,  but  the  yielding  rrass  of 
matter  is  earth  instead  of  ice.  The  gravelly 
deposit  lies  on  a  sloping  bedrook  the  inclina- 
tion of  whioh  is  not  great  enough  to  produce 
a  laodslide,  but  sufliciently  so  to  cause  the 
flow,  BO  to  speak,  in  the  direction  of  the  least 
resistance,  and  this  wonderful  earthy  glacier 
(if  such  a  term  is  admissible)  has  crawled 
forward  for  years,  and  althongh  the  motion  is 
invisible,  it  still  continues  and  will  contioue 
until  it  reaches  a  point  of  (qnilibrinm.  While 
this  is  an  interesting  geological  phenomenon, 
it  has  proved  a  great  misfortune  to*  Mr.  Hen- 
dricks, who  oan  see  no  hope  of  profit  in  wash- 
ing away  the  surface  soil,  containing  but  little 
gold,  which  le  replaced  as  fast  as  he  can  remove 
it.  Here  is  a  striking  instance  of  the  faot  that 
common  earth  and  rooks  yield  to  the  force  of 
gravitation  and  pressure  and  move  for  consider- 
able distances  without  the  assistance  of  water, 
and  without  being  fused  as  in  the  case  of  lava. 
This  locality  will  beoome  an  interesting  one  to 
the  geologist,  and  should  be  more  oarefully 
studied." 

Another  instance  was  observed  in  Cajon 
Pass,  Sin  B  rnardino  oounty,  by  Mr.  Frunk 
Kimball  of  National  City,  At  the  bottom  of  a 
railroad  cut,  the  workmen  came  to  a  thin  seam 
of  very  plastic  clay,  inolining  toward  the  open- 
ing. As  fast  as  they  removed  the  earth  at 
this  point,  the  mass  slowly  descendod  like  a 
ship  on  greased  ways  toward  the  water.  It  re- 
quired the  expenditure  of  much  labor  and 
capital  to  overcome  this  unexpected  dsfficuUy. 
The  following  is  from  a  recent  newspaper  : 
**  Ddnsmuir,  Feb.  7, 1890. — The  supply  train 
of  three  engines  and  a  box  oar  full  of  provisions 
has  just  arrived  from  below.  The  goods  were 
carried  over  Tunnel  9.  Roadmaster  H.  Cooley 
said  it  will  not  be  possible  to  clear  the  slide  at 
Tunnel  9  inside  of  two  weeks.  The  whole  face 
of  the  mountain  has  slid  down,  and  as  fast  as 
the  rock  is  removed,  more  slides  in  to  take  its 
place.  This  is  the  only  serious  obstaole  below 
here.  A  slide  from  10  to  20  feet  deep  aud  100 
feet  long,  full  of  trees,  obstructs  the  track  a 
mile  abcve  here," 

Plasticity  is  possessed  by  ice  to  an  eminent 
degree,  A  block  of  ioe  laid  across  a  tightly 
atretcbed  wire  will  be  slowly  cut  through  ;  the 
ioe  regeling  as  it  passes  the  wire,  and  instead  of 
being  divided  into  two  portions,  it  will  remain 
seemingly  a  perfect  block  as  before. 

Geography  and  History. 

What  has  been  named  by  geologists  the  "Ice 
Age  *'  was  a  glacial  period,  during  which  a  sheet 
of  ioe  extended  over  a  large  part  of  Europe  and 
America.  It  is  probable  that  this  was  owing 
to  a  gradual  change  of  the  poles  of  the  earth. 
It  is  belitvad  that  there  have  been  many  ioe 
periods,  only  the  recent  ones  having  left  tracrs. 
The  glaoiers  of  Europe  are  supposed  to  be  the 
remains  of  the  vast  ice  sheets  of  a  nearly  ex- 
tinct glacial  period.  This  vast  accumulation 
of  ooDgealed  water  was  of  varying  thictiness. 
In  Norway  it  was  600  to  70O  feet  in  depth,  and 
300  feet  in  the  Scotch  highlands.  I  have  my- 
self seen,  far  south  of  Cape  Horn,  ice  islands 
floating  in  the  sea  which  were  broken  from  the 
end  of  a  present  ice  sheet  of  the  same  oharaober 
extending  to  the  sea  level  as  in  the  arctic  re- 
gion, but  the  bergs  differ  in  fojm  and  magnitude 
from  those  of  northern  seas.  Oaeof  these  enor- 
mous semi-cubical  antarctic  ioebergs  has  be»n 
figured  by  Geike  and  is  reproduced  here  {Fig  8), 

According  to  Diweon  (Annual  Report  G-du- 
logioal  Survey  of  Canada,  1886),  the  Straits  of 
Georgia  were  once  occupied  by  a  vast  glacier, 
which  would  dwarf  thoae  of  Switzerland,  The 
glacier  had  a  width  of  50  miles.  At  its  north- 
ern end  its  thickness  was  3000  feet,  and  at  its 
southern  extremity  700  feet.  Another  glacier 
of  similar  area  occupied  Qaeen  Charlotte  Sound. 
There  are  living  glaciers  of  great  magnitude  on 
both  sides  of  the  Stickeen  river  whioh  are  of 
great  interest.  The  glaciers  of  Alaska  are  on 
the  grandest  scale,  bnt  they  have  not  been  as 
oarefully  studied  as  they  dofiprvR, 

{Continued  on  page  353.) 


318 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press, 


[May  24,   1890 


IT]lNIJ^G   SUMMAF^Y, 

The  (ollowing  ia  moHtly  condensed  from  joumala  publiflhed 
in  the  interior,  in  proiimitF  to  the  mines  mentioned. 


CALIFORNIA. 

Amador. 

KEtitiEDY.  —  Ledger,  May  17:  This  mine  is 
looming  up  as  one  of  the  strongest  and  most  pros- 
perous mines  in  the  county.  The  last  sinking 
shows  the  ore  body  to  have  widened  out  to  splendid 
proportions,  and  if  it  continues  to  expand  below 
the  present  depth  in  the  same  ratio,  the  Kennedy 
will  rank  as  one  of  the  foremost  gold-producers  of 
Amador.  The  rock  is  of  excellent  grade;  the  last 
cleanup,  so  it  is  reported,  surrendered  over  $40,- 
000. 

Saving  SULPHURETS.—-Mr,  Gates  has  secured  the 
right  from  the  Kennedy  Mining  Co.  to  erect  sul- 
phurets  and  gold-saving  apparatus  below  the  Ken- 
nedy mill,  for  the  purpose  of  working  the  tailings. 
He  pays  the  company  $50  per  month  for  the  right, 
and  also  a  small  rental  to  the  owners  of  the  Volun- 
teer, as  some  of  his  works  will  overlap  that  claim. 
He  is  now  at  work  placing  his  apparatus  in  posi- 
tion. It  is  a  simple  method,  and  will  consist  chiefly 
in  running  the  tailings  over  canvas-covered  boxes 
embracing  an  area  of  nearly  3000  square  feet  Mr. 
Gates  formerly  caught  sulphurets  on  the  same  plan 
at  the  Gover  mill.  He  also  erected  similar  works 
at  the  Hathaway  mine,  Placer  county. 

Miscellaneous.— R.  B.  Reed,  of  the  Reed  & 
Askey  mine,  returned  from  a  long  visit  to  S.  F.  a 
few  days  ago.  He  reports  having  succeeded  in 
disposing  ol  a  sufficient  interest  in  the  property  to 
enable  him  to  surmount  all  monetary  embarrass- 
ments. He  expects  the  parties  up  shortly  to  look 
at  the  property  and  close  the  bargain.  The  Ama- 
dor gold  mine  has  finally  disposed  of  the  dispute 
regarding  the  right  of  way  over  the  Doyle  ground. 
Oo  Saturday  they  paid  Doyle  $2000  for  the  privi- 
lege to  allow  the  track  to  remain  where  it  is,  simply 
straightening  it  at  the  lower  end  if  necessary.  I'he 
suit  pending  in  the  U.  S.  Circuit  Court  to  enjoin 
the  company  from  using  said  track  has  no  doubt 
been  dismissed  ere  this. 

Calaveras. 
The  Tone  Qdabtz  Mine.  —  Cor.  Calaveras 
Chronicle.  May  16:  This  mine  is  situated  one  mile 
south  of  Dive  Lampson's  ranch,  near  the  head  of 
Nelson's  gulch.  The  mine  is  owned  by  John  Tone, 
a  well-known' San  Joaquin  county  farmer,  and 
French  Miller,  a  miner  of  considerable  experi- 
ence. The  ledge  is  tapped  by  a  tunnel  at  a  depth 
of  200  feet,  which  shows  a  well-defined  lead  of  high- 
grade  ore  four  feet  in  width.  The  ledge  on  the  sur- 
face, as  far  as  prospected,  has  a  pay  chute  800  feet 
in  length.  There  is  now  a  force  of  men  building  a 
boarding-house  and  also  grading  for  an  i8-stamp 
mill,  and  soon  will  be  running  in  full  blast. 

The  Columbia  Quartz  Mine,  owned  by  Messrs. 
Jones  &  McCormick,  has  resumed  operations,  but 
no  sinking  can  be  done,  as  the  machinery  on  the 
mine  is  not  large  enough  to  handle  the  water.  It  is 
the  intention  of  the  owners  to  put  new  and  larger 
machinery  on  the  mine  and  work  it  in  a  business- 
like manner.  This  is  a  valuable  mine,  but  owing  to 
litigation  among  the  former  owners,  has  lain  idle  for 
several  years. 

Bl  Dorado 
Lively.— El  Dorado  j?t.;^/;WiV(Z«,  May  15:  The 
liveliest  mining  camp  in  this  county  is  now  in  the 
neighborhood  of  the  Taylor  mine  near  Garden  Val- 
ley. This  mine  is  now  in  the  hands  of  the  Chap- 
man Bros,  of  San  Francisco,  who  are  the  owners  of 
extensive  drift  mines  in  Sierra  county.  Under  con- 
tract with  the  owners  of  the  Taylor  mine  they  have 
been  sinking  during  the  winter  and  erecting  a  fine 
mill  on  the  property.  The  mill  will  be  completed 
some  time  in  June.  It  will  have  20  stamps  at  first, 
but  it  is  planned  to  contain  40,  and  the  additional 
20  will  be  added  if  the  mine  proves  equal  to  the  ex- 
pectations of  those  working  it.  The  shaft  is  down 
between  500  and  600  feet,  and  a  large  amount  of 
ore  has  been  taken  out  on  the  dumps.  In  places 
the  ledge  is  30  feet  wide.  The  company  has  been 
at  work  all  winter  in  Spite  of  the  inclement  weather, 
and  has  a  good  reputation  in  the  neighborhood, 
paying  all  debts  promptly,  we  understand.  The 
Esperanza,  a  mine  in  the  same  neighborhood, 
owned  by  N.  D.  Burlingham,  is  bonded  by  San 
Francisco  parlies  who  are  sinking  the  shaft.  This 
mine,  like  the  Taylor,  has  a  very  large  body  of  quartz 
which  will  employ  a  company  many  years  if  it  is 
put  on  a  paying  basis. 

Taylor. — Georgetown  Gazette,  May  15:  Work 
is  being  energetically  pushed  at  the  Taylor  mine, 
and  it  is  a  safe  bet  that  the  present  company  will  de- 
velop it  into  a  permanent  and  paying  mining  enter- 
prise. 

Gold  Mines. — Our  gold  field  will  receive  more 
attention  from  mine-hunters  this  summer  than  for 
many  years  past.  Paying  gold  mines  can  always 
find  a  purchaser  and  such  properties  can  certainly  be 
found  here. 

Inyo. 
Borax. — Inyo  Index^  May  14:  The  works  at 
Searles'  marsh  are  turning  out  the  usual  quantity  of 
that  salt.  John  W.  Searles,  superintendent  and 
principal  owner  of  the  property,  is  making  constant 
improvements  in  the  works  and  processes  of  manu- 
facture in  use,  whereby  he  has  been  able  to  econo- 
mize both  labor  and  the  raw  material  and  also  pro- 
duce an  article  of  superior  excellence  and  the  high- 
■  est  commercial  value,  the  refined  borax  from  this 
marsh  commanding  extreme  prices  on  the  London 
market.  The  outlook  for  the  borax  industry  on 
this  coast  is  now  considered  good. 

Panamint. — Inyo  Index,  May  it:  Reaching 
Panamint,  Dr.  DeGroot  reports  more  life  in  the 
business  of  raining,  and  this,  for  the  reason  that  the 
conditions  are  more  favorable.  Not  until  this  point 
is  reached  is  any  wood  met  with,  the  mining  dis- 
tricts for  a  hundred  miles  south  until  Black  Hawk  is 
reached  being  absolutely  treeless,  as  well  as  deficient 
in  water.  Striking  Panamint,  the  prnyon  begins  to 
come  in,  water  also  being  more  plentiful,  both  in- 
creasing somewhat  as  we  come  north.  The  strike 
recently  made  in  the  Minnietta  mine  at  Lookout, 
Dr.  DeGroot  considers  to  be  one  of  great  impor- 
tance, the  ore  being  of  good  grade  and  the  find  b"- 
ing  marked  by  features  of  permanence.  Although 
there  is  no  notable  activity  at  Darwin,  mining  there 
is  in  a  healthy  condition,  much  high-grade  ore  be- 
ing extracted  and  shipped  to  Keeler,  the  greater 
portion  being    coasigned  to  the  Selby  Lead    and 


Smelting  Works  at  Selby,  near  San  Francisco.  The 
character  of  the  mines  here  and  the  districts  ad- 
jacent is  sufficiently  denoted  by  the  wages  paid  min- 
ers, the  regular  rate  being  $3  50  per  day,  from  50 
cents  to  $1  per  day  more  than  is  paid  generally 
throughout  California,  or  anywhere  else  on  the 
coast  except  in  the  Comstock  mines.  With  the  im- 
proved prices  of  silver  and  lead  a  prosperous  future 
evidently  awaits  the  mining  industry  in  this  section 
of  California. 

Cerko  Gokdo. — Inyo  Index,  May  14:  John 
Anton  carae  in  from  Keeler  on  Tuesday.  Cerro 
Gordo  is  bound  to  come  to  the  front  at  an  early  day 
and  it  is  intimated  that  not  less  than  ten  carloads 
per  week  will  be  the  early  ore  shipment  from  that 
camp  alone.  The  Union  Co.  is  hiring  men  as  fast 
as  they  come  along,  and  rumor  says  that  the  Dun- 
phy  &  Keefe  mine  has  been  bonded,  if  not  pur- 
chased, by  Nevada  capitalists. 
Nevada. 
Idaho  Mine.  —  Grass  Valley  Union,  May  17: 
The  drift  in  the  new  ore  body  recently  found  on  the 
17th  level  of  the  Idaho  mine  has  been  extended  a 
distance  of  60  feet,  and  crosscuts  have  been  run  at 
several  points  to  determine  its  width.  As  the  work 
has  progressed,  seams  of  wall  rock  have  been  found 
between  the  layers  of  quartz,  and  the  indications  are 
that  the  pay  ore  may  run  out  in  no  great  distance. 
On  the  floor  of  the  drift,  however,  the  vein  holds 
strong  and  has  the  appearance  of  going  down,  and 
even  if  it  gives  out  in  the  drift  the  sinking  of  a  winze 
may  prove  it  goes  down,  and  be  as  strong  in  size 
and  prospect  as  well  as  it  has  been  doing  for  several 
weeks  past.  Appearances  are  that  the  ore  body  is  tak- 
ing a  westerly  dip,  which,  if  correct,  wou'd  bring  it 
nearer  the  shaft  in  sinking  another  level.  It  will  nec- 
essarily take  some  time  to  obtain  definite  information 
of  the  extent  or  value  of  the  discovery,  but  so  far  it 
has  prospected  remarkably  well. 

Hartery. — The  water  in  the  Hartery  shaft  has 
been  lowered  to  the  drift  below  the  present  working 
level,  and  it  is  proposed  to  open  the  level  on  which 
but  little  work  has  been  done  heretofore.  The  shaft 
is  sunk  to  another  level  below  this,  but  the  ground 
has  never  been  opened.  The  present  working  level 
is  No.  2  below  the  adit  level,  where  the  vein  is  show- 
ing about  two  feet,  and  the  ore  of  a  good  milling 
quality.  The  shaft  of  the  North  Star  mine  is  to  be 
sunk  to  the  20th  level  with  as  little  delay  as  possi- 
ble. The  work  of  putting  the  Gold  Hill  mine  in 
shape  for  regular  operations  has  been  commenced 
in  good  shape.  Good  progress  is  being  made  in  re- 
timbering  and  pumping  out  the  Homeward  Bound 
shaft.  There  is  a  good  deal  of  water  in  the  ground, 
but  the  pumps  are  making  headway  against  it  easily. 
It  is  contemplated  to  commence  the  sinking  of  a 
shaft  on  the  Wisconsin  location  forthwith.  This 
claim  parallels  the  Homeward  Bound,  and  is  a  por- 
tion of  the  Menlo  property.  It  produced  rich  ore 
iu  former  times,  but  has  not  been  worked  in  many 
years. 

RiDGE  Items.  —  Nevada  Transcript,  May  17: 
There  are  rumors  that  efforts  will  be  made  before 
long  to  reopen  the  very  extensive  gravel  claims  at 
Cherokee  (Patterson  postoffice).  There  will  be  no 
infraction  of  Judge  Sawyer's  anti-debris  decisions, 
but  the  drifting  process  will  be  pursued.  The  Cher- 
okee claims  include  about  400  acres  of  as  good-pay- 
ing ground  as  has  ever  been  opened.  Once  in  op- 
eration, they  would  give  employment  to  a  large  num- 
ber of  men  and  sustain  a  community  of  thousands. 
The  stretch  of  country  from  Badger  hill  to  Cherokee, 
two  miles  or  more  across,  is  one  vast  bed  of  aurifer- 
ous gravel,  every  rod  of  which  will  pay  for  working. 
The  matter  of  devising  ways  and  means  of  working 
these  claims  is  now  under  consideration  by  some 
well-known  mining  men,  and  will  bear  good  fruit  in 
the  near  future. 

Delhi.— Now  that  the  snow  is  all  gone,  the  Del- 
hi mine  near  Columbia  hill  is  being  worked  to  the 
full  capacity  of  the  mill.  It  is  the  only  quartz  mine 
of  consequence  on  the  ridge  that  has  yet  been  devel- 
oped to  a  regular  operating  point.  There  is  nothing 
too  difficult  in  the  way  of  mining  for  Robert  Mc- 
Murray  to  tackle.  The  resumption  of  work  at  the 
Delhi  mine,  of  which  Mr.  McMurray  is  principal 
owner,  makes  matters  lively  at  Columbia  hill,  where 
most  of  the  employes  reside. 

Boss. — The  Boss  quartz  mine  near  North  San 
Juan,  owned  by  Messrs.  (,>ane,  Gaynor,  Buhring 
and  others,  is  again  being  worked.  The  rigors  of 
the  winter  caused  a  suspension  of  labor  there,  but 
now  the  main  shaft  is  being  pushed  down  again. 
It  is  down  some  80  feet.  It  is  the  intention  to  sink 
on  the  lode  as  far  as  is  possible  with  the  facilities 
available  in  order  to  thoroughly  test  the  character 
and  value  of  the  formation.  The  owners  are  confi- 
dent the  mine  can  be  made  to  pay. 

Jersey  Slide, —Across  the  Middle  Yuba  river, 
at  a  point  known  as  the  Jersey  Slide  ground,  George 
Archer  &  Co.  are  running  a  long  tunnel  into  the 
hill  for  the  purpose  of  striking,  if  possible,  the  chan- 
nel of  an  old  river  which  must  at  one  time  have  been 
the  outlet  of  a  very  large  stream,  but  which,  through 
some  great  convulsion  of  nature  in  the  dim  and 
misty  past,  slid  off.  The  south  part  of  the  old  slide 
was  worked  30  years  ago  by  a  company  known  as 
Van  Ness,  Taylor  &  Co.,  who  in  a  short  time  took 
out  many  thousands  of  dollars,  but  soon  exhausted 
the  gravel.  Since  then  other  parties  have  worked 
farther  into  the  hill  with  varying  results.  Finally  a 
few  years  ago  George  Archer,  J.  S,  Mclntyre  and 
another  party  whose  name  cannot  be  recalled  just 
now  relocated  the  ground.  They  did  well  for  a 
while.  Recently  Archer  got  entire  control  and  is 
now  working  there.  His  prospects  are  good.  The 
claim  is  worked  by  ground-sluicing.  At  Sweetland 
the  bedrock  of  the  old  Manzanila  claim  is  being 
worked,  giving  employment  lo  quite  a  force  consist- 
ing principally  of  young  men. 

New  Shaft.  — r/i/w^j,  May  17:  Supt,  Wiltse 
to-day  instituted  work  on  a  new  shaft  on  the  Wis- 
consin ground,  embraced  in  the  Menlo  property. 
Surface  workings  on  this  ground  in  the  early  days 
yielded  richly,  but  nothing  has  been  done  since 
1859.  It  is  expected  to  find  good  ore  at  a  depth  of 
75  or  100  feet.  A  12-inch  combined  pumping  and 
hoisting  engine  will  be  placed  on  the  shaft. 

Homeward  Bound.— The  work  of  cleaning  out 
the  Homeward  Bound  shaft  on  the  same  property  is 
progressing  very  satisfactorily,  and  Mr.  Wiltse  is 
showing  himself  well  qualified  to  cope  with  all 
emergencies.  His  decision  and  prompt  action  in 
connection  with  the  work  on  the  Wisconsin  ground 
certainly  stamps  him  in  addition  as  being  a  man  of 
energy  and  determination.  The  operations  of  the 
syndicate  represented  by  Judge  Calkins  of  Chicago 
have  commenced  _in  earnest.    The  tunnel  on  the 


Lafayette  No.  2  is  being  reopened,  and  machinery 
and  lumber  for  the  Bsn  Franklin  are  being  hauled 
and  the  work  of  erection  forwarded. 

New  Mines. — Our  people  do  not  fully  realize 
that  work  is  progressing  on  nine  new  mines  in  this 
district,  viz.:  Gold  Hill,  Peabody,  Emmett,  Evening 
Star,  Menlo,  Crown  Point,  St.  Johns,  Lafayette 
and  Wisconsin.  The  Idaho  could  not  be  more 
full  of  promise;  from  50  to  100  additional  men  will 
be  put  on  at  the  Empire  before  long;  the  Omaha 
and  Lone  Jack  is  prosperous,  and  the  North  Star 
will  soon  be  paying  dividends  again;  the  W.  Y.  O. 
D.  never  looked  as  well  as  now;  the  Coe  will  not 
long  remain  idle;  the  North  Banner  gives  more 
promise  than  ever  of  proving  a  great  mine;  the 
Pittsburg,  also  tributary  to  Grass  Valley,  is  looking 
very  well;  developments  are  being  pushed  at  the 
Hartery  and  half  a  dozen  movements  to  open  old 
and  new  mines  are  on  foot.  Work  has  been  re- 
sumed on  the  Brunswick,  and  the  Gold  Point  will 
soon  start  up.-  The  outlook  in  this  richest  of  all 
quartz  districts  has  never  before  been  so  pregnant 
with  promise.  It  is  rumored  on  the  ridge  that  the 
400  acres  of  hydraulic  mining  ground  at  Cherokee  is 
to  be  opened  by  the  drifting  process,  and  it  is  stated 
that  the  work  will  certainly  pay.  The  indications 
are  that  the  new  ledge  in  the  Idaho,  which  has  been 
opened  upon  for  a  distance  of  6c  feet,  has  taken  a 
western  dip,  which  will  bring  it  nearer  to  the  shaft 
in  sinking  another  level. 

Placer. 
Mayflower.  —  Placer  Argi/s,  May  17:  Mr. 
Chappellet  says  that  the  Mayflower  M.  Co.  have  paid 
outover $1,000, 000  at  Forest  Hill,  during  the  last  13 
years.  The  bullion  yield  has  been  over  $600,000,  but 
the  work  in  developing  the  mine  is  pretty  well  com- 
pleted. The  mill  will  soon  resume  work,  as  pay 
gravel  has  been  struck  in  the  south  drift. 

The  Drummond. — Herald,  May  17:  Mr.  Wm. 
Werry,  the  well-known  quartz-miner,  in  con- 
versation with  a  representative  of  this  paper  stated 
that  he  had  resigned  his  position  as  superintendent 
of  the  Drummond  mine,  owned  and  operated  by 
Hon.  F.  Reed,  and  that  Mr.  Hanchett,  a  man  of 
large  experience  in  the  management  of  mines  in 
the  States  ol  Nevada  and  Colorado,  has  been  em- 
ployed as  his  successor.  Mr.  Werry  spoke  very 
flatteringly  of  the  comparatively  new  mine.  He 
said:  "  In  leaving  the  Drummond  mine  I  left  one 
of  the  leading  mines  in  the  State.  It  is  bound  to 
be  a  very  large  producer  of  bullion.  While  the 
ore  is  not  of  a  hiE;h  grade,  there  is  an  immense 
body  of  it,  the  vein  being  large  and  very  exten- 
sive. It  is  another  Idaho;  like  the  Idaho  of  Grass 
Valley.  When  I  first  took  charge  of  the  Drum- 
mond the  ore  paid  only  $2.70  per  ton,  and  when  I 
left  the  value  of  the  ore  would  average  about  $8 
per  ton.  The  mine  paid  under  my  administration, 
with  one  Huntington  mill,  all  expenses  of  opening 
and  a  little  surplus,  and  with  two  mills  it  ought 
to  pay  a  handsome  profit,  ore  enough  being  in 
sight  above  the  No.  i  tunnel  to  run  two  mills  for 
three  years  to  come,  crushing  40  tons  per  day. 
During  the  time  I  had  charge  I  run  another  tunnel, 
or  crosscut,  so  as  to  tap  the  vein  still  lower.  This 
lower  tunnel  is  called  tunnel  No.  2.  Enough  ore 
can  be  taken  from  No,  2  to  run  the  two  mills  three 
years.  Crosscuts  can  be  nirx  below  No.  2  to  tap 
the  vein  at  a  depth  of  1200  feet.  I  regret  that  other 
enterprises  in  which  I  am  interested  seemed  to 
make  it  necessary  for  me  to  resign,  but  I  have 
faith  in  the  ability  of  my  successor.  About  1000 
feet  from  the  Drummond  ledge  is  a  parallel  vein 
running  east  and  west — the  Drummond  ledge  run- 
ning south  of  east  and  west  of  north — and  I  am 
confident  that  the  two  ledges  will  come  together, 
thus  forming  a  very  large  body  of  ore.  Very  rich 
rock  has  been  taken  from  the  second  lode  on  which 
but  little  work  has  been  done  as  yet,  proving  con- 
clusively this  of  itself  is  a  b'g  mine.  This  parallel 
lead  is  called  the  Eclipse,  also  owned  by  Mr.  Reed. 
Specimens  of  ore  from  the  Eclipse  can  be  seen  at 
Freeman's  hotel,  which  were  taken  from»the  bot- 
tom of  the  shaft  at  a  depth  of  only  80  feet.  The 
mills  are  now  run  by  steam,  but  can  be  run  by  wa- 
ter-pdwer  if  necessary,  which  shows  that  these 
mines  can  be  handled  very  economically.  In  con- 
clusion let  me  tell  you  that  the  size  of  the  ore  body, 
its  quality,  the  surroundings  and  conveniences  for 
working  make  it  another  Sierra  Buttes  mine  in  lo- 
cation and  production.'" 

Sbasca. 
Wagon-Load  of  Bullion.  —  Shasta  Courier, 
May  17:  We  once  described  the  Lost  Confidence 
mine  on  Iron  mountain  near  town  as  a  vast  crucible 
filled  with  silver  and  gold  ore.  The  results  obtained  in 
working  and  prospecting  the  mine  so  far  carry  out  the 
correctness  ol  our  designation.  Yesterday  our  at- 
tention was  called  to  a  two-horse  wagon-load  of  sil- 
ver bullion  brought  down  from  that  mine,  en  route 
for  shipment  to  San  Francisco  for  refinement  and 
sale.  The  load  consisted  of  20  bars  o(  silver  bullion, 
pretty  well  refined,  and  aggregating  2500  pounds  in 
weight.  This  we  learned  was  the  result  of  one 
month's  run  of  the  Lost  Confidence  mill.  We  think 
one  ton  and  500  pounds  over  of  bullion  is  a  pretty 
good  month's  run,  and  a  good  showing  and  indica- 
tion of  the  mineral  wealth  of  Iron  mountain. 
Siskiyou. 
Gold. — Yreka/o?/?-;!!?/,  May  15:  The  miners  at 
Hawkinsville  are  taking  out  considerable  gold-dust 
lately,  in  having  a  good  supply  of  water  from  the 
Big  Ditch,  now  bank  full  all  the  time.  The  other 
ditches  on  Yreka  flats  are  also  furnishing  an  abun- 
dance of  water,  so  that  every  claim  on  Greenhorn 
and  Yreka  flats  to  Hawkinsville  can  be  worked  to 
the  best  advantage.  John  Boyle  of  the  Humbug 
quartz  mines  had  his  mammoth  and  ponderous 
quartz-wagon  on  our  streets  last  Saturday,  taking  it 
over  to  Humbug  for  hauling  quartz  to  his  new 
Huntington  quartz-mill,  almost  in  readiness  to 
start.  Spencer  &  Co.  of  Humbug  creek  are  now 
engaged  in  getting  out  quartz  and  hauling  it  to  the 
McCook  mill  at  Forks  of  Humbug.  1  hR  Hecka- 
thorn  quartz  from  Greenhorn,  now  being  crushed  at 
the  Warren  quariz-mill,  on  Yreka  flats,  it  is  expected 
will  pay  at  least  $17  or  $18  per  ton,  provided  some 
rich  specimen  quartz  has  not  been  overlooked,  as  a 
very  little  of  such  quartz  would  run  the  average  up 
to  $30.  The  owners  of  the  mine  always  take  out 
the  specimens  showing  gold  to  the  naked  eye,  for 
pounding  out  in  a  hand  mortar,  to  pay  running  ex- 
penses while  waiting  an  opportunity  for  milling. 
The  Quartz  Hill  Co.  at  Scott  Bar  will  ^oon  lay  a 
water  pipe  across  Scott  river,  for  running  their 
quartz  mill,  the  former  water  pipe  having  been  car- 
ried away  with  the  Scott  river  bridge,  during  the 


winter  flood  of  last  February.  It  will  be  laid  across 
the  new  bridge,  Schroeder  &  Werner  of  the  Dead- 
wood  creek  quartz  mines  have  a  force  of  men  busily 
engaged  in  .fixing  up  the  wagon-road  from  their 
mine  to  mill,  which  was  badly  washed  out  by  the 
flood  of  water  last  February.  The  snow  is  About  all 
gone  where  the  sun's  rays  could  strike,  but  there  is 
about  five  feet  still  remaining  in  the  shady  places, 
and  where  sheltered  by  groves  of  trees.  These  en- 
terprising miners  expect  to  have  their  mill  in  opera- 
tion within  ten  days,  and  believe  they  will  do  better 
this  season  than  ever  before. 

NEVADA. 

Washoe  Dlscnci. 

Sierra  Nevada. — Virginia  Chronicle,  May  17; 
On  the  630  level  a  southwest  drilt  is  advauced  591 
feet  from  the  shaft  station.  Formation,  clay  and 
porphyry  carrying  water. 

Union  Con. — On  the  1465  level  from  the  north 
Uteral  drift,  opposite  west  crosscut  No.  4,  east 
crosscut  No.  i  is  advanced  398  feet,  continumg  in 
porphyry  now  showing  some  water. 

Mexican.  — On  the  1465  level  west  crosscut  No. 
4,  100  feet  south  of  No,  3,  from  the  north  drift 
from  west  crosscut  No.  i,  from  the  main  north 
lateral  drift,  is" extended  255  feet  and  stopped. 

Ophir.— On  the  1300  level  in  working  south- 
westerly from  the  top  of  the  raise  carried  up  28  feet 
above  the  south  drift  from  the  end  of  the  east  cross- 
cut from  the  shaft  station,  following  the  ore  streak 
found  in  the  raise  downward,  27  tons  of  ore  were 
raised  to  the  surface,  the  average  assay  value  of 
which  is  $24.50  per  ton. 

Con.  California  &  Virginia,— The  1300,  1500 
and  1600  levels  continue  to  yield  the  usual  quantity 
of  ore.  During  the  week  extracted  2753  tons  and 
540  pounds  from  the  above-mentioned  points,  all 
ol  which  have  been  shipped  to  the  mills.  Shipped 
to  the  Morgan  mill  1138  tons  and  680  pounds  of 
ore  and  to  the  Eureka  1624  tons  and  i860  pounds; 
battery  sample  assays  showing  an  average  value  of 
$22.75  per  ton;  [2881  tons  milled.]  Bullion  valued 
at  $12,840  70  shipped  to  the  Carson  Mint,  and 
about  $30,000  on  hand  in  local  assay  oflice. 

Best  &  Belcher.— On  the  1000  level  the  north 
drift  is  cleaned  out  and  repaired  688  feet. 

Gould  &  Curry,— On  the  400  level  the  north- 
west  drift  from  west  crosscut  No.  i  is  extended  50 
feet.  Formation,  hard  porphyry  with  small  streaks 
of  quartz. 

Occidental  Con. — Continue  to  extract  ore  of 
good  quality  from  the  stopes  on  the  400  and  450 
levels.  The  650  level  main  north  drift  is  extended 
10  feet  through  low-grade  quartz, 

ANDE.S. — A  420  level  west  crosscut  160  feet  north 
of  the  shaft  is  in  20  feet,  continuing  in  clay  and 
quartz  seams  in  the  face.  The  350  level  wtst  cross- 
cut is  extended  227  feet,  the  face  still  in  porphyry. 

Savage. — Shipped  450  tons  of  ore,  showing  an 
average  value  of  $23.10  by  battery  sample  assays. 
The  raise  above  the  750  level  has  connected  with 
the  650  level  workings. 

Hale  &  Norcross. — A  500  level  east  crosscut  is 
advanced  166  feet,  and  continues  in  porphyry  and 
quartz.  Shipped  1070  ions  of  ore  durmg  the  wtek, 
snowing  an  average  value  of  $19.60  per  ton  by  bat- 
tery sample  assays. 

Ward  Combination  Shaft.— The  1800  level 
east  drift  is  out  360  leet;  the  face  continues  in  por- 
phyry. 

Chollar.— Extracted  462  tons  of  ore,  battery 
sample  assays  showing  a  value  of  $21.40  pi^r  ton. 

POTOSi. — On  the  930  level  the  winze  is  down  no 
feet.  The  bottom  is  in  porphyry  with  bunches  of 
quartz.  The  raise  above  that  level  is  up  145  (eet. 
The  roof  is  in  porphyry. 

Alpha. — The  600  level  east  crosscut  is  in  82  feet 
and  continues  in  porphyry.  The  600  level  south 
drift  is  out  61  feet,  the  face  in  clay  and  pjiphyry. 

Exchequer. — The  600  level  north  drilt  is  out 
2S7  feet,  and  continues  in  quartz  and  porphyry. 

Con.  New  York., — The  650  level  west  drift  con- 
tinues in  low-grade  quar'z.  The  960  level  souih 
drilt  is  in  low  grade  quanz. 

Imperial.— The  750  level  west  crosscut  No.  3  is 
in  99  feet,  the  face  in  low-grade  quartz. 

Yellow  Jacket. — Shipped  500  tons  of  ore 
showing  average  assay  value  of  $21.75  ^y  battery 
sample  assays. 

Kentuck,— Still  sinking  the  winze  below  the 
950  level. 

Crown  Point, — Shipped  during  the  week  Sc9 
tons  of  ore,  showing  an  average  value  of  $20,99  P'T 
ton  by  pulp  assays. 

Confidence  &  Challenge. — The  raise  above 
the  300  level  has  connrcted  with  the  200.  The  lop 
is  in  low-grade  quartz.  The  joint  Imperial  800 
level  west  crosscut  No.  i  is  in  218  feet,  the  face  in 
soft  porphyry.  The  joint  Imperial  raise  above  the 
500  level  is  in  low-grade  quartz. 

Belcher. — The  200  level  south  drift  is  out  318 
feet  and  is  in  porphyry  and  low-grade  quartz.  Ihe 
300  level  west  crosscut  is  in  195  leet,  the  face  in  soft 
porphyry.  The  850  level  joint  east  crosscut  is  out 
431  feet,  the  face  in  soft  porphyry. 

Seg.  Belcher. — The  850  level  Belcher  joint  east 
crosscut  is  in  431  feet,  the  face  continuing  in  soft 
porphyry. 

justice, — During  the  week  crushed  198  tons  of 
ore,  showing  a  value  of  $26.25  P^^  ^^n  by  battery 
sample  assays.  The  raise  above  the  622  level  con- 
tinues in  low-grade  ore. 

Alta. — The  ore  output  this  week  was  320  tons, 
showing  an  average  assay  value  of  $22  per  ton  by 
pulp  assays. 

Overman. — Shipped  328  tons  of  ore  during  the 
week  showing  an  average  value  of  $23.41  per  ton  by 
battery  sample  assays,  of  which  $14  13  was  gold. 
The  northwest  drift  continues  in  low-grade  quartz. 
The  incline  winze  is  down  28  feet  below  the  1200 
level.    The  ore  in  the  winze  is  mixed  with  porphyry. 

Cottonwood  Canyon  District. 

The  Camp  of  Sanborn.  — Ct7//?-a//W?2/(jfl'(7«,  May 
16:  Sanborn  is  located  in  what  is  known  as  Cotton- 
wood canyon,  but  in  early  days  was  known  as  An- 
derson creek.  The  Lucky  Dog,  or  Hope  mine,  as 
it  is  now  called,  is  1700  feet  above  the  town  of  San- 
born, at  an  angle  of  40  degrees.  The  superintend- 
ent has  ordered  a  tramway  to  carry  the  ore  from  the 
mine  to  the  mill.  The  mine  will  produce  from  40  to 
60  tons  of  ore  ranging  from  $20  (o  $60  per  ton  and 
often  ore  of  a  higher  grade.  The  mine  is  under  the 
management  of  Wm.  Woolcock,  said  to  be  one  of 
the  best  miners  in  the  State.  The  mill  is  under  con- 
struction, it  being  two  four-foot  Huntington  mills, 


Mat  24    1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


349 


our  pans,  two  5elllers.  ♦wo  concentrators  with 
plates  (or  goI<l.  the  ore  carrying  from  $6  to  $36  to 
the  ton  in  gold  ns  per  assay.  <  i^otl  judgi-s  of  ma- 
chinery cUim  that  it  is  one  of  the  tinesi  mllts  ever 
broughi  to  Nevada,  outside  of  Virginia  City.  The 
supeiioiendriu,  D.  N.  Brown,  expects  to  have  the 
mill  running  m  the  inonih  of  July.  The  camp  has 
quite  a  lively  appearance.  Friday,  May  2d,  was 
the  company's  first  pay-day.  They  commenced  op- 
erations about  April  ad.  They  distributed  $1300. 
Altogether  the  prospects  are  flattering,  and  we  be- 
lieve it  will  he  a  successful  and  a  good  purchase  for 
the  Michigan  company. 

Buena  VIeta  District. 

The  Arizona.— Cfj/r,;/  XnaJan.  May  16;  The 
ne#  mining  district  15  situated  in  the  southeastern  part 
of  Humboldt  county,  about  four  mil^s  south  of 
Unionville.  Here  in  Buena  Vista  mining  district 
are  located  some  of  the  best  mines  in  the  .State,  and 
the  once-renowned  Arizona  mine,  that  has  already 
yielded  $7,800,000,  is  again  coming  to  the  front, 
liere  also  »re  the  Huascar.  Peru,  Jackson,  Million- 
aire and  other  first-class  lodes  that  need  only  capital 
to  make  them  pa)ing  properties  in  a  very  short 
lime. 

Central  District, 

Ore.— S/Virr  StuU^  May  16:  Charley  Wright 
arrived  from  (  entral  District  last  evening  with  a  lot 
of  ore  from  the  Millionaire  mine,  which  is  being 
work'-d  hy  A.  H.  Kuse.  The  ore  is  rich  in  gold 
and  silver,  an.!  will  be  shipped  to  Argo,  Colorado, 
to  be  worked. 

Jumbo  District. 

Crushin<;  Ore. — Virginia  Chr<mick,  May  14: 
The  Dunlop  stamp  mill  in  Jumbo  dibtrict  has  been 
crushing  ore  from  the  Wild  Goose  mine  since  last 
March  and  a  cleanup  of  gold  bullion  will  be  made  in 
a  few  day;.  T  he  li:izzard  location  in  that  district  is 
being  worked  by  the  owners,  Messrs.  Woods  and 
Willis.  The  Pandora  is  also  producing  ore  and  ihe 
Josephine  and  other  locations  are  being  prospected. 

Red  Mountain  District 

Gold  Quart/.. — Virginia  Chronicle,  May  14:  A 
vein  of  gold-bearing  quartz  has  recently  been  discov- 
ered in  Red  Mountain  district,  about  12  miles  north- 
east of  Six-mile  canyon.  The  vein  li^^s  in  burned 
volcanic  rock,  on  the  mountain  from  which  the  dis- 
trict derives  its  name, 

Reese  River  District. 
The  Patriot  Mine.— A'f-jr;V/f,  May  13:  The 
P.itriot  Mining  Co.  begin  pumping  out  the  water 
Irom  the  mine  to-morrow.  Everything  in  and 
around  ihe  hoisting  works  is  in  perfect  order,  and  a 
trial  has  been  made  of  the  engine  and  pump,  which 
were  found  to  work  most  satisfactorily.  Seventy- 
five  cords  of  wood  have  been  provided  which  will  be 
more  than  enough  to  get  the  water  out,  the  esti- 
mated time  for  which  work  being  from  20  to  40  days, 
P.  T.  Fatrell.  S.  Buddel.  T.  George  and  A.  Blight 
move  out  to  the  mine  to-day.  J.  Rowe  will  reside 
in  town  for  awhile,  going  out  daily.  All  parties  in- 
terested in  this  mine  are  sanguine  of  success,  and 
we  sincerely  hope  they  will  not  meet  with  any  dis- 
appointment. The  Patriot  mine  has  yielded  some- 
thing like  $200,000  from  the  upper  levels,  and  as 
there  is  known  to  be  good  paying  ore  below,  it  is  fair 
to  presume  that  no  one  interested  will  lose  any- 
thing on  the  venture. 

ARIZONA. 

Bradshaw  Mountains. — Journal-Mi/ier,  May 
14:  The  Crowned  King  mill  is  having  a  long  and 
successful  run.  The  fine  stamp  and  concentrating 
mill  of  the  Oro  Bella  Company  is  running  almost 
constantly  on  ore  from  the  well-known  Gray  Eagle 
mine,  which  the  company  recently  purchased.  Un- 
der the  direction  of  Supt.  Helm,  the  mill  is  doing 
excellent  work,  nearly  all  the  gold  and  a  high  per- 
centage of  the  silver  being  saved.  Less  than  $[  in 
gold  is  left  in  the  tailings,  and  one  day  last  week 
assays  failed  to  show  that  even  a  trace  of  the 
precious  metal  was  lost.  Large  quantities  of  ore 
are  already  opened  up  in  the  mine,  and  a  substan- 
tial three-rail  gravity  tramway  is  being  constructed 
from  the  mine  to  the  mill.  The  20-stamp  mill  of 
the  Ryland  Gold  M.  Co.  is  running  steadily,  and 
the  company's  mine  is  yielding  vast  quantities  of 
low-grade  ore  in  the  lower  workings  of  the  mine,  it  is 
reported.  Ex-Sheriff  Henkle  is  running  a  crosscut 
in  his  Rapid  Transit  mine,  which  is  expected  to  soon 
strike  the  rich  ledge,  which  he  has  already  opened 
hi  several  hundred  feet  of  tunnel.  The  important 
development  of  pay  ore  in  the  Del  Pasco  property, 
formerly  owned  and  abandoned  by  Diamond  Jo 
Reynolds,  is  very  satisfactory  to  the  finders,  Messrs. 
Bashford  &  Burmister,  and  shows  the  possibilities  of 
mining.  It  is  understood  that  the  results  of  expen 
mental  work  on  an  extension  of  the  old  Tiger  mine 
were  not  such  as  to  encourage  further  development. 

OOLORADO. 

A  Camp  Bird  Strike.— Aspen  r/wt'j,  May  13: 
An  important  strike  has  been  made  in  the  Lever 
lease  on  the  south  end  of  the  Camp  Bird.  Ore  has 
been  found  before  in  this  lease  but  it  has  either 
been  low  grade  or  small  in  quantity.  Now,  how- 
ever, the  mine  is  showing  6  feet  of  ore  that  will 
average  close  to  75  ounces  per  ton. 

The  Flooded  Mines.— Nothing  new  has  de- 
veloped in  connection  with  the  flood  in  the  mines 
on  the  lower  part  of  Aspen  mountain  Sunday  the 
water  lowered  12  feet  in  the  lower  levels  of  the  As- 
pen Mining  &  Smelting  Co.,  having  found  a  fresh 
outlet  into  the  Enterprise.  Monday  it  rose  again 
and  was  soon  several  feet  higher  than  it  had  been 
before.  The  flow  appeared  to  be  much  heavier  on 
Monday  than  it  had  been  b^^fore.  It  was  expected 
that  th'  flood  would  soon  find  an  outlet  into,  the 
Little  Ndl  and  Juniata  and  that  those  properties 
would  be  completely  submerged. 

A  $51  000  Payment.— Manager  Dunbar  Wright 
of  the  Park- Regent  mine  will  to-day  pay  for  A.  W. 
Hawkins  to  Henry  Devereux  £51,000  to  apply  on 
the  purchase  of  Mr.  Devereux's  interest  in  that 
mine.  This  property  is  producing  about  $1000 
per  d  «y  and  has  about  four-fifths  of  its  territory  yet 
unexiilorpd,  aftT  having  produced  over   $1,000,000. 

The  Bushwhacker.- The  regular  daily  ship- 
ments of  ore.  worth  from  $500  to  $800  are  kept  up 
from  the  Bushwhacker  mine.  The  proceeds  of  ore 
sales  and  slock  sales  has  enabled  the  company  to 
pay  off  some  $30,000  of  claims  during  the  past 
month.  Manager  Yankee  returned  from  Denver 
yesterday,  and  will  immediately  assume    personal 


nnnagfrneni  of   the  development  ol    the   properties 
of  the  company. 

Notes.  —  A  lo-ton  lot  of  ore  has  been  brought 
down  from  the  Monte  Crislo  on  Maroon  creek. 
It  is  expected  to  run  about  35  ounces  silver  and 
25  per  cent  lead.  A  late  telephone  message  from 
Manager  Fore  of  the  Little  Rule,  sutes  that  the 
rrcent  discovery  is  looking  better  and  better  and 
work  progresses  on  it. 

DAKOTA. 

Oro  Fino. — Deadwood  I'wnecr,  May  14:  The 
Meisrs.  S*ift,  to  whom  the  Oro  Fino  is  bonded, 
will  accompany  J.  K.  1*.  Miller  on  his  return  to 
Deadwood  and  with  him  are  due  to  arrive  here  on 
Friday  or  Saturday  of  this  week.  The  gentlemen 
come  to  personally  examine  the  property,  and  until 
their  arrival  stamps  in  the  mill  will  continue  to  drop. 
Whether  or  not  they  determine  to  buy,  present 
operations  are  to  cease  early  next  week. 

Buckeye  Hvdkaulic,— Spearftsh  h't^isUr,  May 
13:  G.  A.  A.  Paul  of  the  Buckeye  hydraulic 
works  came  down  yesterday  alter  supplies.  The 
flume  has  all  been  put  in  good  working  order  and 
work  at  piping  commenced  Thursday.  The  boys 
have  water  enough  to  run  steady,  and  propose  to 
ulllizri  it  as  far  as  possible.  .'\t  present  they  are  run- 
ning two  12-hour  shifts,  which  will  be  changed  soon 
to  three  8  hour  shifts. 

Fi.oAr. — Late  reports  from  the  Glendale  tin  mine 
and  mill  are  that  the  mill  is  working  satisfactorily, 
and  the  yield  from  the  ore  is  reasonably  good. 
The  mill  consists  principally  of  a  Gates  crusher, 
Cornish  rolls  and  Krue  vanner. 

IDAHO. 

Bullion.  —  Ketchum  Keystone,  May  12:  Ore 
shipments  have  begun  from  the  Idahoan  and  one  or 
two  other  mines  in  the  Bullion  region. 

Sawtooth.  —  Encouraging  reports  come  from 
Sawtooth  and  Germania  Basin  and  shipments  from 
those  regions  will  pro"5ably  exceed  those  of  1889  in 
first-class  ore. 

RF.LorATORY. — A  great  many  locations  are  being 
made  on  the  northern  end  of  the  Camas  granite  belt, 
consequent  from  the  strike  in  the  Croesus.  No  soon- 
er was  the  snow  gone  from  old  boles  than  the  relo- 
cator  WEis  on  hand. 

The  Carrie  Leonard.  —  This  mine  is  under 
lease  to  parties  who  have  recently  struck  some  nice 
ore,  causing  quite  a  little  excitement  in  that  locality. 

Lake  Creek. — James  D.  Cochran  came  down 
from  Lake  creek  Wednesday,  having  been  at  work 
on  his  old  claim  there  known  as  the  Argonaut,  in 
the  group  of  mines  bearing  the  same  name.  Mr. 
Cochran  is  one  of  the  many  miners  in  this  upper 
country  who  report  their  prospects  looking  much 
better  than  usual,  and  feel  that  the  time  for  greater 
profit  in  working  them  is  at  hand. 

Good  Prospects  Ahead.  —  Boise  Statesman, 
May  16:  Never  in  the  history  of  the  country  have 
the  prospects  for  a  successful  mining  season  been 
so  bright  as  at  present.  Yesterday  there  appeared 
in  the  Statcsmafi  a  partial  account  of  the  mines  of 
Owyhee  county,  which  for  a  long  time  was  reck- 
ons rt  the  richest  in  the  country  and  stood  very  high 
among  mining  operators  in  New  York  City.  Un- 
der such  men  as  J.  C.  Kemp,  Van  Ee  and  Capt.  J.  R. 
DeLamar,  who  direct  their  efforts  not  to  booming 
and  selling  so  much  as  taking  out  the  precious 
metals,  there  is  no  doubt  but  that  the  good  old 
times  will  return.  The  only  drawback  to  the  Seven 
Devils  country  has  been  the  want  of  means  of  trans- 
portation. This  has  been  obviated  by  the  construc- 
tion of  a  steamboat  which  will  ply  upon  the  waters 
of  the  Snake.  The  same  means  will  also  avail  in 
developing  the  Mineral  district.  Washington 
county  has  many  neglected  mines,  among  which 
are  several  of  mica,  which  will  not  long  be  allowed 
to  remain  idle.  In  Elmore  the  people  are  fairly 
impatient  for  the  spring  to  open.  The  people  at 
Rocky  Bar  anticipate  a  doubling  of  population  over 
last  year.  Atlanta,  one  of  the  best  mining  districts 
on  the  Pacific  Slope,  expects  to  resume  her  old 
position  as  a  queen  among  mining  districts,  while 
the  tales  from  Neal  sound  like  the  adventures  of 
Sindbad  and  the  diamond  cavern.  Banner  district 
will  boom.  Work  will  be  pres.'ied  vigorously 
on  the  bedrock  flume,  and  the  various  placers 
in  and  about  the  Basin,  with  plenty  of  water,  will 
be  worked  for  all  they  are  worth.  Where  are  all 
he  workmen  to  come  from?  They  will  have  to 
be  imported.  For  the  first  time  in  many  years 
there  are  not  laborers  enough  in  the  country. 
Hoyt  Sherman,  from  Salt  Lake,  says  that  efforts 
have  already  been  made  to  induce  men  to  come 
from  Utah  to  Idaho  for  that  purpose.  The  season 
has  but  just  commenced  and  but  few  of  the  mines 
are  being  worked.  As  soon  as  the  bulk  of  the 
snow  shall  have  disappeared  from  the  mining 
camps,  the  demand  for  labor  will  be  increased. 
Idaho  can  support  double  the  population  it  could 
three  years  ago  because  the  mines  are  better  de- 
veloped and  the  soil  is  four-fold  better  irrigated, 

LOWER    CALIFORNIA. 

AlamoandCedros. — Lower  California?:,  Mayg: 
J.  W,  Perry  returned  Monday  from  a  short  trip  to 
Alamo,  during  which  he  inspected  most  of  Ihe  lead- 
ing mines  in  camp.  He  said;  "Compared  with 
the  deep  mines  of  California,  which  penetrate  from 
500  to  2500  feet.  Alamo  is  only  a  prospect.  Its  in- 
dications are  all  favorable  for  going  down  deep. 
Most  of  the  veins  strengthen  with  depth,  and  a  fair- 
ly rich  mine  at  100  feet  is  reasonably  certain  to  carry 
more  gold  at  200  feet.  The  very  even  formation 
and  character  of  the  country  rock  point  to  a  steady 
going  down  of  all  the  leading  veins.  Another  thing, 
much  of  the  ore  pronounced  rebellious  is  absolutely 
free  milling,  with  perhaps  the  exception  of  a  littie 
sulphurets  not  worth  saving.  One  of  the  mines  pre- 
sents rock  at  60  feel  that  is  the  exact  counterpart  of 
certain  quartz  in  Amador  county  that  is  perfectly 
free.  I  was  kindly  shown  by  Supt.  Rodda  over  the 
Princessa  Co.'s  properties,  and  so  far  as  developed 
they  are  certainly  good.  No  one  need  to  exaggerate 
about  Alamo — the  truth  is  good  enough  at  pres- 
ent, and  if  the  development  now  going  on  is  success- 
ful the  camp  will  jump  to  the  first  rank;  and  then, 
too,  the  truth  will  be  good  enough.  1  think  there 
are  undeveloped  parts  of  the  Peninsula  that  will 
equal  Alamo.''  W,  P.  Lyle^  in  charge  of  the  Lucas 
mill  in  Mexican  gulch,  crushed  44  tons  of  Viznaga 
ore,  finishing  last  week.  Col,  W.  S.  Kerr  was  here 
last  week.     His  mill  has  been  running  steadily  and 


s.itisfiictorily  on  custom  ore.  The  V.\  P.1S0  mill  is 
now  running  on  lOlsinore  rock,  which  pays  wtll. 
The  Princcsii  mine  is  Jo  pretty  hard  rock  but  man* 
ages  to  yield  its  share  of  gold.  The  Princesa  Co.'s 
mill  is  running  constantly,  turning  out  the  yellow 
bricks  week  after  week.  Hoisting  works  are  being 
erected  on  the  TeKniaco,  under  the  supervision  of 
Mr,  Argyll,  the  foreman.  The  Penelope  is  down 
about  70  feet  on  a  good  vein  and  drifting  will  soon 
begin.  Placer  mining  is  siill  carried  on  to  a  limited 
extent.  A  good  deal  of  work  has  been  done  in  the 
flit  between  the  St.  Dav-d  and  Lane's  mill,  where 
there  is  plenty  of  water. 

Cedros  Island.— The  schooner  Ethel,  with  560 
sacks  ol  ore,  cleared  Saturday  for  Sin  Diego.  On 
Tuesday  the  Nettie  Sondberg  arrived  and  cleared, 
having  on  board  77  tons  of  ore.  All  this  goes  to 
the  N.Ltional  L'lty  reduction  works,  which  is  running 
night  and  day  on  Cedros  Island  ore.  Jonas  Ander- 
son, one  of  the  discoverers  of  gold  on  the  island, 
came  up  on  the  Nettie.  He  has  been  there  six 
months,  and  is  pretty  well  posted.  He  says  the 
Cedros  Island  Co.  has  one  ledge  25  feet  wide  carry- 
ing $80  ore,  and  that  it  is  developing  into  an  old- 
time  bonanra.  Timber  is  easily  obtained,  and  he 
claims  that  for  $500  enough  water  can  be  developed 
to  run  a  20-stanip  mill.  He  speaks  favorably  of  (he 
ground  covered  by  the  Hanes  concession,  and  says 
the  Natividad  and  several  smaller  islands  are  includ- 
ed in  the  same  gold  belt,  and  will  without  doubt 
prove  interesting  to  prospectors.  Up  to  the  present 
time  nothing  has  been  done  in  that  line. 

\'EA\<i..-~ Lower  Californian,  May  14:  Frank 
Gallegos  of  the  Pearl  mine  at  the  Real,  is  in  town. 
He  has  run  a  tunnel  80  feet,  50  of  which  is  on  the 
ledge,  and  it  discloses  a  fine  vein  of  ore.  The  otlier 
mines  at  the  Real  are  temporarily  idle,  though  Gen. 
Ryerson  is  making  arrangements  to  start  the  San 
Nicolas  mine  and  mill.  Capt.  Henry  Cook  has  hit 
the  town  from  San  Isidro,  where  he  has  been  in 
charge  of  the  gang  of  men  working  on  the  Tepus- 
tete  iron  mines.  He  will  return  next  week  with 
supplies  for  a  force  of  100  men,  and  work  will  be- 
gin in  real  earnest  under  Supt.  M.  D.  King.  The 
Colonization  Co.  seems  to  have  abandoned  the 
work  of  prospecting  for  coal  in  the  canyon  of  the 
Carmen. 

MONTANA. 

A  Gold  Discovery,— Mini /ig/ourna I,  May  16: 
It  is  claimed  that  a  gold  discovery  of  considerable 
importance  has  been  made  near  Silver  Bow  Park,  at 
Butte.  Samples  of  black  sand  containing  gold  were 
recently  exhibited  in  that  city  which  were  found  a 
few  feet  below  water  level  and  which  assayed  $350 
in  gold  per  ton. 

The  Philipsburg  Smelter. — Frank  J.  Wilson 
is  corresponding  with  various  concerns  regarding 
the  cost  of  a  smelter  for  Philipsburg,  and  is  now  in 
possession  of  several  letters  on  the  subject,  giving 
instructions  and  prices  complete,  says  the  A/ail. 
Mr.  Wilson  says  there  is  already  $7500  subscribed 
by  a  few  men  in  town  for  the  construction  of  these 
works,  and  there  remains  no  doubt  whatever  that 
the  smelter  will  be  built  the  present  season. 

The  Granite's  Output.— The  output  of  the 
Granite  Mountain  for  the  week  ending  May  8th 
was  47  bars  of  bullion,  containing  72,635  ounces  fine 
silver  and  r48  ounces  fine  gold, 

Philipsburg  Shipments.  —  Philipsburg  ship- 
ments of  silver  bullion  for  the  month  of  March 
amounted  to  361  bars,  weighing  51,563  pounds, 
valued  at  $488,849.67,  not  including  gold,  which 
would  raise  these  figures  to  $500,000. 

Wegner  No.  2.— The  tunnel  on  the  Wegner 
No.  2,  at  Philipsburg,  struck  the  ore  body  a  few 
days  ago  at  a  depth  of  50  feet,  and  Thursday  struck 
the  hanging-wall,  after  running  through  20  feet  of 
quartz,  every  pound  of  which  is  pay  rock. 

The  Baltimore. — Negotiations  are  under  way 
looking  to  the  purchase  of  the  Baltimore,  near 
Butte,  by  a  company  of  Montana  capitaUsts.  The 
property  is  owned  by  Sam  Mackey  of  Argenta, 

The  Ohio,  at  Thompson  Falls.— E.  J.  Field 
of  Thompson  Falls,  superintendent  of  the  Ohio 
mine,  reports  continued  improvement  in  the  prop- 
erty. During  the  past  few  weeks  shipments  have 
been  made  to  the  Grant  and  Omaha  smelter  at 
Omaha.  The  ore  shipped  runs  from  60  to  121 
ounces  in  silver,  and  from  16  to  20  per  cent  in   lead. 

NBW  MEXICO. 

Hanover.  —  Silver  City  Enterffrise,  May  16: 
Fourteen  men  are  at  work  for  the  Illinois  Zinc  Co. 
at  Hanover.  Shipments  of  ore  are  being  made 
regularly  and  as  development  progresses  new  arid 
extensive  ore  bodies  are  being  opened  on  the  dif- 
ferent claims.  For  a  brand-new  company  they  are 
meeting  with  great  success.  The  superintendent 
in  charge  at  the  mine  is  Col  M.  Twomey.  The 
Anson  S.  copper  mine  is  fast  coming  to  the  front, 
and  although  work  was  only  started  two  weeks  ago, 
it  is  now  in  the  front  rank  among  the  producers, 
M.  W.  Neif,  who  is  working  the  mine  under  bond 
and  lease  from  Dr.  Stephens,  is  personally  super- 
intending the  work. 

Finos  Altos.— C.  G.  Bell  and  J.  I.  Brown  are 
pushing  matters  on  the  Tampico  mine  at  Pinos 
Altos.  They  have  leased  the  Bremen  mill  for  a 
test  run,  amalgamating  plates  have  been  put  in  and 
the  miU  started  crushing  ore  this  morning.  Mr. 
Brown  devotes  his  time  and  attention  to  the  super- 
intendency  of  the  mill,  while  Judge  Bell  is  in  charge 
of  the  mine. 

Gladstone.  —  The  Gladstone  mine,  situated 
about  five  miles  from  Paschal,  is  now  being  devel- 
oped by  Baily,  Woodward  &  Co.  The  mine  was 
worked  years  ago  and  considerable  high-grade  ore 
shipped  and  large  bodies  of  pay  ore  but  of  lower 
grade  left  standing  in  the  mine.  The  shaft  is  130 
feet  in  depth  and  will  be  sunk  to  250  feet,  when 
development  by  drifting  will  be  commenced. 

OREGON. 

Piping.  —  Jacksonville  Tiines,  May  10:  The 
Wadleigh  mine  near  Waldo  is  operating  four  pipes 
and  uncovering  lots  of  ground,  J.  Dysert  of  VVolf 
creek  is  employing  three  men  at  piping  in  his  mine. 
The  rain  this  week  increased  the  water  supply  and 
will  prolong  mining  operations  somewhat.  A  num- 
ber of  the  miners  are  engaged  in  cleaning  up  and 
considerable  gold-dust  is  being  taken  out.  M. 
Mansfield,  W.  R.  Mansfield  and  P.  R,  Walbs 
each  located  claims  in  the  Applegate  district  last 
^  week,    Cameron  &  Ennis  have  suspended  piping 


at  their  Galice  creek  mines  (or  the  present,  and 
will  repair  the  ditch  damaged  by  last  winter's 
storms,  expecting  to  be  able  to  pipe  several  weeks 
longer  thereby.  The  famous  old  Fowler  ledge  in 
Steamboat  district  is  liable  to  be  heard  from  in  loud 
tones  again  in  a  short  time,  as  most  favontble  re- 
ports come  from  there  of  rich  prospects.  It  has 
always  been  a  mystery  how  the  ledge  ran  out  so 
suddenly  after  turning  out  so  many  thousands  of 
dollars  in  gold,  and  expert  miners  have  long  been 
of  the  opinion  that  the  pay  streak  would  be  found 
again.  E.  S,  Smith  has  been  superintending  a 
force  of  men  there  for  the  past  few  months,  who  are 
now  well  into  the  mountain,  in  the  interest  of  the 
new  owners.  Jonathan  Bourne  and  J.  B.  Ham- 
mond,  who  have  bought  out  Griflith  &  Co.'s  inter- 
est in  the  mine.  A  big  strike  in  that  section  would 
do  much  to  revive  confidence  in  the  quartz  ledges 
o(  Southern  Oregon,  and  we  trust  their  best  hopes 
may  be  realized, 

DTAB. 

The  Anchor  Boring  Machine.— Park  Record, 
May  17:  Contractor  Dull  got  his  rebuilt  boring 
machine  in  working  order  the  middle  of  the  week 
and  made  a  favorable  start  to  put  down  the  eight- 
inch  hole  from  the  bottom  of  the  shaft  to  the  tun- 
nel level,  a  distance  of  about  600  feet.  Mr.  Dull 
has  several  Pennsylvania  oil-well  boring  men  as- 
sisting him.  If  nothing  of  an  unfavorable  nature 
occurs  they  will  be  able  to  put  down  the  bore  in 
from  30  to  40  days. 

The  Concentrators.— The  Union  concentra- 
tor will  commence  custom  work  for  the  season  on 
Monday  morning  with  its  capacity  for  treating  ore 
to  a  high  degree  of  perfection  greatly  increased. 
The  Crescent  concentrator  commenced  operations 
for  the  season  on  nearly  400  tons  of  Nevada-North- 
land leasers'  second-class  ore,  and  it  will  all  have 
been  run  through  and  a  cleanup  made  this  evening. 

Camp  Crosscuts.— The  Daly  has  commenced 
shipping  ore  to  the  Mackintosh  sampler.  Surplus 
water  is  interfering  considerably  with  the  working 
of  several  of  the  leading  mines,  but  this  trouble 
will  soon  cease.  The  No.  1  side  of  the  Ontario 
mill  has  been  put  in  working  order  again  after  hav- 
ing undergone  needed  repairs  and  overhauling. 
The  Apex  is  undergoing  developments  of  a  favor- 
able nature,  and  a  large  lot  of  first-class  ore  is  on 
the  dump  ready  (or  shipment  to  market.  Several 
more  of  the  embarrassing  lawsuits  in  which 
the  Morgan  Mining  Co.  is  concerned  have  been 
dismissed,  and  some  good  news  from  this  quarter 
may  be  looked  for  in  the  near  future.  During  the 
week  the  Mackintosh  sampler  received  and  for- 
warded 734,120  pounds  of  Ontario  ore;  428,170  of 
Mayflower  No.  7  leasers';  226,000  of  Daly,  and 
45,200  of  Nevada-Northland  leasers'  ore;  total,  i,- 
433.490  pounds.  The  foundation  is  being  laid  at 
the  No.  2  shaft  of  the  Ontario  for  a  large  new  air- 
compressor,  and  when  it  is  in  readiness  sinking  will 
probably  be  resumed  in  the  shaft  to  the  1400-foot 
level. 


New  Incorporations. 

The  following  companies  have  been  incorporated, 
and  papers  filed  in  the  office  of  the  Superior  Court, 
Department  10,  San  Francisco : 

Belvedere  Land  Co.,  May  16.  Capital  stock, 
$500,000.  Directors— Geo.  Bargate,  T.  B.  Valen- 
tine, Chas.  Forbes,  Edgar  M.  Wilson  pnd  Curtis  H. 
Lindley. 

California  Raisin  Co.,  May  17.  Capital 
stock,  $(50  000.  D. rectors— C.  Christensen,  A.  V. 
Towas,  N.  Ames,  J,  H.  N.  Turn  Suden  and  M.  C. 
Theilmann. 

California  Veneer  Works,  May  17.  Object, 
to  make  veneers  of  ornamental  California  woods. 
Capital  stock,  $200,000.  Directors— P.  and  J.  H. 
Huriburt,  N.  and  H.  N.  Hoffmann  and  J.  H.  Wilson. 
Women's  Educational  and  Industrial 
Union,  May  19.  Object,  increasing  fellowship 
among  women,  and  to  promote  their  welfare.  Di- 
rectors-Margaret Deane.  Hannah  M.  Solomon, 
Jean  Parker,  Emilie  E.  Kirketerp  and  Abbey 
Cheney. 

South  Fresno  Improvement  Co.,  May  21. 
Capital  stock,  $70,100.  Directors— D.  and  F.  E, 
Bacon  of  Oakland.  E.  E.  Bush  of  Hanford,  John 
A.  Merrill  of  San  Leandro  and  F.  A.  Beriin  of  San 
Francisco. 

Our  Agents, 

OUR  Frihniib  can  do  much  In  aid  of  our  paper  and  the 
cause  of  practical  knowledge  and  ecience,  by  asaistlng 
ARents  In  tbolr  labors  of  canvassing,  by  lending  their  In- 
fiuenoQ  and  encouraging  favors.  We  intend  to  acnd  none 
out  worthy  men. 

J,  C.  HoAQ — San  Francisco. 

R.  G.  Bailby— San  Francisco. 

Samuel  Clipf"— San  Luis  Obispo  Co. 

C.  J.  Wadb— Cucamougo,  Gal. 

W.  W.  Thbobalds— Los  Angeles  and  Orange  Co's. 

E.  B.  TAfT— San  Joaquin  Co 

John  B.  Hill— San  Diego  Co. 

E.  H.  SouAKFFLB — Calaveras  Co. 

Franb  S.  Chapin— Colusa  Co. 

J  HN  R.  BoYCK — Alameda  Co. 

W.  B.  Frobt— Merced  and  Stanislaus  Go's. 

Obo.  Wilbok — Sacramento  Co. 

T.  M.  Stackus— Sierra  Co. 

H.  Kellby — Modoc  Co. 

U.  B,  Parkkr— Del  Norte  Co. 

Wm.  H.  Hillkary— Oregon. 

H.  G.  Parsons— Oregon. 

R.  G.  Huston- Montana. 


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journal,  and  making  its  value  more  widely 
known  to  others,  and  extending  its  inflnenoe  in 
the  cause  it  faithfully  serves.  SubBcription 
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sabsoriber,  please  show  the  paper  to  others. 


A  CAB  LOAD  of  base  bullion  from  the  smelter 
at  Spokane  Falls  was  shipped  "to  Newark, 
N.  J  ,  last  week  for  refining.  The  ore  comes 
from  Colville,  Wash,,  and  there  is  enough  in 
sight  to  ship  a  oar-load  every  four  days. 


S50 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Mat  24,  1890 


rQECHAt^iGAL  Progress, 


Mechanical  Foolliardiiiess. 


CateleBSnesa  kills  more  meohanios  than  old 
age  or  diaeaae,  and  the  number  of  aooidenta  re 
Bulting  from  eomebody'a  oareleasneas  cannot  be 
eatimated.  .     ■,  .        -  i 

There  ia  not  as  much  danger  m  doing  naty 
i  3ba  and  undertakings  aa  there  is  in  the  every- 
day riaks  which  are  met  with  a  contempt 
brooght  about  by  a  long  acquaintance  there- 
with, and  which  are  hardly  regarded  aa  riaka 
by  the  men  who  take  them. 

The  architect  takes  riaka  which  are  needless 
when  he  gaeaaes  at  the  strain  to  be  overcome 
by  a  beam  or  truss,  and  doubly  so  when  he  also 
gueaaea  at  the  strength  of  that  beam  or  truss. 
The  builder  in  turn  takes  a  risk  when  he  paaaea 
defective  conatruotion  with  the  guess  and  the 
hope  that" 'twill  hold." 

In  driving  piling  for  a  block  of  houses  in 
Harlem,  the  writer  noticed  that  aome  of  the 
piles  were  driven  twelve  to  twenty  inches  by 
the  last  blow  of  the  hammer,  and  he  wondered 
at  the  ri«k  taken  for  the  sake  of  aaving  a  few 
dollars.  . 

In  building  a  railroad  bridge  m  New  Hamp- 
shire, the  contractors  put  down  piling  where 
the  last  blow  drove  some  piles  four  feet !  Some 
were  driven  too  far,  whereupon  the  rascally 
contractors  pulled  them  np  again  until  they 
were  in  the  rf  quired  position. 

In  erecting  buildings,  hundreds  of  risks  are 
taken  by  the  workmen  and  by  the  builders 
also.  In  erecting  machinery  risks  continue  to 
be  taken,  and  after  the  machinery  is  running  it 
seems  almost  aa  if  the  attendants  vied  with  each 
other  in  courting  danger, 

B3gin  with  the  fireman.  How  many  times 
will  he  riak  his  life  by  "  guessing  "  that  the 
safety-valve  ia  in  perfect  order.  All  too  often 
he  will  "  guesa  "  that  hia  boiler  is  safe,  and  run 
with  leaka,  corrosion,  and  he  knows  not  what 
else,  in  that  straining  iron  shell  under  which 
he  shovels  coal. 

Why  ia  all  this?  we  may  well  ask.  Ia  the 
man  a  lunatic,  a  fool,  or  what  ia  the  matter 
with  him?  There  are  jaat  two  other  causes 
which  may  affect  his  behavior,  or  he  may  be 
lazy  or  avaricious;  then  he  ia  a  villain  aa  well. 
The  architect  was  lazy;  he  didn't  figure  be- 
cauae  it  waa  easier  to  gueaa.  The  builder  who 
drove  the  piling  waa  a  knave.  He  did  thus  to 
make  more  money  out  of  the  j  )b;  the  work- 
man who  got  maimed  or  killed,  the  fireman 
who  lets  his  safety-valve  get  stuck,  is  some- 
times a  fool,  but  more  often  these  thinga  hap- 
pen through  pure  lazineaa. 

The  engineer  who  almost  hourly  expoaes 
himaelf  by  walking  under  the  expand  b«lt  from 
bis  engine,  is  lazy;  but  he  ia  abetted  in  his 
laziness  by  knavery,  in  the  shape  of  an  avari- 
cious owner,  who  grudges  the  few  dollars  neo 
essary  to  box  up  the  dangerous  place,  and  thus 
relieve  the  lazy  man's  temptation. 

Lizy  men  run  all  sorts  of  riaka  in  putting  on 
belts,  in  fooling  around  moving  machinery,  and 
in  monkeying  with  circular  eawa,  planera  and 
molders.  The  man  who  crawls  around  ex- 
posed machinery  tt>  oil  or  clean  the  same,  when 
he  can  joat  aa  well  stop  the  machine  before  ex- 
posing himself,  deserves  to  be  sent  np  for  ten 
days  for  every  off -nae.  Oaly  a  few  days  since, 
a  party  of  masons  were  building  a  100  foot  mill 
chimney.  They  had  got  np  18  feet  when  all  at 
once  the  whole  party  were  on  the  ground 
among  bricks,  mortar  and  splintered  lumber, 
with  two  of  their  number  seriously  hurt. 

An  examination  showed  that  in  nailing  on 
the  last  courae  of  lodgers  only  one  nail  had 
been  put  into  some  of  the  posts,  where  six 
should  have  been  driven— a  clear  case  of  lazi- 
ness and  foolishness  combined. 

Sometimes  this  carelessness  becomes  criminal, 
and  is  occasionally  brought  to  justice,  and 
lately,  where  knavery  is  the  cause  of  accident, 
it  has  been  frequently  severely  punished. 
There  is  no  excuse  for  exposure  to  such  acci- 
dents, and  every  man  can  educate  himself  out 
of  it  if  he  will. 

Familiarity  is  one  great  cause  of  a  man  get- 
ting careless  and  lazy.  He  works  around  ma- 
chinery so  long  without  accident  that  he  thinka 
he  knows  all  the  ins  and  outs,  all  the  danger- 
ous places  and  death-traps;  so  he  will  not  have 
to  be  BO  continually  on  hia  guard.  It  ia  a  good 
deal  of  work  to  keep  hia  thoughts  on  his  fingers 
all  the  time,  so  our  man  gets  a  little  lazy,  goes 
too  near  a  quick-running  belt,  and  the  first 
thing  we  know  he  ia  a  aubject  for  the  surgeon 
or  undertaker. — Condensed  from  Bosion  four 
nal  of  Commerce. 

Metal  Decoration.— The  new  process  of 
decoration  and  color  printing  on  metal  conaiata, 
Bays  an  exchange,  in  preparing  zinc  or  other 
metallic  plates  in  a  special  way,  and  then  either 
nickel-plating  or  coppering  them,  a  dull  or 
bright  surface,  or  both,  being  produced  by  me- 
chanical agency.  Specially  prepared  enamel 
colors  are  used,  and  the  printing  of  the  subject 
on  the  plate  ia  carried  out  direot  from  stonee, 
as  in  lithography.  Bmbossing  is  introduced, 
either  in  the  lettering  or  in  views  and  such  like, 
this  part  of  the  treatment  being  effected  by  an- 
other  special  detail  of  the  process,  the  usual 
steel-plate  engraving  being  dispensed  with. 
The  coat  of  production  is  said  to  be  very  small. 

Peofits  or  Lake  Supekiop.  Ikon  Oke  Min- 
ing —Moat  of  the  L\ke  Superior  iron-ore  minee 
ate  Diying  large  dividends.    In  aome  cases  the  I 
profits  in  two  years  haTe  equaled  the  capital 


stock  of  the  oompaniea.  These  profits  are  gen. 
erally  oouaidered  phenomenal— too  great  for  a 
long  continuance.  If  they  do  continue,  says 
the  Iron  Age,  the  situation  will  soon  be  changed 
by  offers  of  more  ore  than  the  market  can  take, 
forcing  prices  down  to  an  unrenumerative  level, 
and  banishing  for  a  time  the  hope  of  even  amjU 
dividends.  The  agenciea  actively  at  work  to 
cause  thia  are  the  new  mines  which  are  beina 
opened  and  the  extensive  preparations  by  old 
mines  to  greatly  inoreaae  their  output.  If  the 
decline  in  the  price  of  pig  iron  indicates  a  de- 
pression in  that  trade  of  some  duration  and  se- 
verity, the  stockholders  in  mining  companies 
have  reason  to  look  forward  with  apprehension, 
which  will  temper  their  rejoicing  over  the 
heavy  dividends  now  in  hand. 


SeiENTiFie  Progress. 


Speed    and   Work    of   Emery-Wheels. 

The  first  and  most  striking  characteristic  of 
the  solid  emery-wheel  is  its  enormoua  speed. 
By  common  conaent  the  apeed  of  about  a   mile 
a  minute  for  a  point  upon  the  ciroumferenoe  of 
the  wheel  haa  been  adopted.     The  recent  in- 
creaae  from  one  mile  to  nearly  two  miles  is 
aooompanied  by  an  increased  cut,  but  the  result 
is  extravsgant  in  cost,  as  the  wear  of  wheel  in- 
creases out  of  all  proportion  to   that  of  metal. 
Few  wheels  oan  be  safely  run  at  such  a  speed. 
Running   at   the  standard   apeed,  the   emery- 
wheel  is  equivalent  to  a  file  one  mile  in   length 
passing  over  the  metal   in  one  minute.     The 
hand-uaed  tool   of  ordinary  work  at  the  vice- 
bench  is  equivalent   to  a  file  only  60  feet  in 
length  paeaing   over  the  work   in  one  minute. 
To  make   thia   comparison  strictly  true,   the 
metal  and  the  wheel  mnat  be  in  continuoua  con- 
tact for  the  minute.    The  necessary  condition, 
apparently  of  general   occnrrence  Is  really  sel- 
dom found,  and  ia  most  diffijult  to  secure,  even 
in   lathe-turned   emery-wheels.      It   ia    by   no 
meana   an   easy  task  to   center  them  peifectly 
upon  the  grinding  machine,  and  many  workmen 
do  not  center  them  at  all.     The  hole  apparently 
fits  the  spindle,  and  they  trust  to   that.     The 
wheel  ia  started,  the  iron  melta  away  viaibly,  a 
comet-tail   of  aparka  fl  ishea   acroea   the  shop. 
The  man  who  sees  a  continuous  stream  of  sparks 
fly  from  the  emery-wheel  deludes  himself  with 
the  idea  that  he  has  a  tool  which  is  oontinu 
ously  at  work.     Such  a  man  is  surprised  when 
an  expert  stops  the  machine  and  shows  him  that 
his  wheel  is   hot  and  glazed  for  perhaps  one- 
fourth  of  its  circumference,  but  cold   and  ap- 
parently untouched  for  three  fourths — that  he 
has,  in   fact,  utilizid  bat  25   per  cent  of  the 
machine's  pcsaibilities. 

What  are  the  causes  of  this  ?  Possibly  the 
wheel  was  not  round  to  start  with;  possibly  it 
was  not  properly  centered.  But  there  are  some 
causes  not  so  evident  and  still  a  matter  of  doubt 
Poaaibly  the  wheel  material  was  not  homo, 
geneoua,  and  expanda  unequally  under  fric- 
tional  heat.  Poasibly,  owing  to  the  lack  of 
homogeneity,  the  metal  adhered  to  and  glszas 
one  part  rather  than  another.  Poasibly,  owing 
to  the  light  weight  of  the  machine  and  the  un- 
steadiness of  floors,  an  irregularly  regular 
vibration  ia  aet  up,  and  the  wheel  and  work 
part  rhythmically.  Undoubtedly  the  high  spot 
formed  by  adhering  metal  shoves  back  the 
piece  being  ground,  and  a  large  wheel-surface 
revolves  unused  before  work  and  wheel  are 
again  in  contact.  The  remedy  is  to  use  those 
makes  of  wheel  which  glaze  the  least,  for  glaz- 
ing, by  making  high  apots  on  the  wheel,  pre 
venta  all  poasibility  of  continuous  contact  and 
steady  work. 

The  solid  emery-wheel  is  a  rotary  file,  which 
runs  a  mile  in  a  minute,  and  whose  cutting 
points  never  grow  dull.  This  is  said  only  of 
the  perfect  wheel,  though  glazing  is  one  in 
which  the  points  may  be  dulled.  In  experi- 
menting with  many  makes  of  wheels,  a  curious 
difference  is  seen  in  their  tendency  to  glaze. 
In  aome,  the  metal  adheres  to  all  parts  of  the 
surface,  and  finally  becomes  a  continuous 
bronzed  ring  ;  in  othera,  the  metal  gathera  in 
patches.  Certain  makes,  however,  may  be  con- 
sidered practically  free  from  these  faults  under 
all  general  conditions,  a  slight  shinlness  of  sur- 
face being  the  only  visible  indication,  while 
deterioration  of  cut  ia  manifested  only  under 
very  light  pressure. — Franklin  Institute  Jour- 
nal. 

A  New  Method  op  Bkonzino. — Some  Ger- 
man artisana  have  introduced  a  method  of 
bronzing  iron  or  ateel  aurfacea  in  such  a  way  as 
to  prevent  the  posaibility  of  rust.  The  object 
to  be  acted  upon  must  be  free  of  all  oxidation 
or  other  impurity,  and  ia  expoaed  for  two  or 
three  minutes  to  the  vapors  of  a  heated  mixture 
of  hydrochloric  acid  and  nitric  acid,  in  equal 
proDortiona,  at  a  temperature  of  from  550°  to 
650°  F.  After  cooling,  the  objects  are  rubbed 
over  with  vaseline,  and  again  heated  until  the 
vaaeline  begins  to  decompose  ;  this  treatment 
with  the  vaseline  is  repeated  once.  Should  a 
lighter  coloring  be  desired,  it  is  produced  by 
mixing  acetic  acid  with  the  other  acids. 


The  Grand  Possibilities  of  Africa. 

Nothing  in  the  way  of  geographical  diacov- 
ery,  aince  Columbus  gave  a  new  continent  to 
the  world,  has  been  of  equal  importance  to 
Stanley's  discoveries,  in  Atrica.  Moreover,  in 
this  era  of  rapid  progress  in  industry  and  art, 
the  results  of  the  present  discoveries  will  be 
utilized  more  folly  in  a  decade  than  were  the 
disccverie"  of  Columbus  in  a  century.  Says 
the  Age  of  Steel :  It  is  but  a  question  of  a  few 
years  when  the  Congo  will  be  an  eastern  Mis- 
sissippi, with  its  contributary  factors  of  rail- 
ways, etc.  As  a  chapter  in  evolutionary  his- 
tory the  march  of  Stanley  may  be  a  modest  ap- 
proximation to  the  voyage  of  Columbus,  in  a 
future  of  African  development  and  civilization. 
The  last  continental  stronghold  of  barbarism 
will  be  carried  by  commerce  and  Christianity, 
and  old  Europe,  with  its  idle  millions  and  its 
crowded  markets,  will  find  an  outlet  for  what 
it  may  spare  of  men  and  money.  It  is  to  be 
hoped  that  tbis  latest  addition  of  real  estate  to 
the  notice  of  Eirope  will,  by  some  anch  arrange- 
ment aa  the  International  Association,  inaugur- 
ated by  the  King  of  Belgium,  be  not  a  bone  of 
oontention  between  rival  nations,  but  an  oppor- 
tunity ausoeotible  of  much  that  will  be  a  bless- 
ing to  New  Africa  and  prosperity  to  Earope. 

Stanley  regards  the  basin  of  the  Congo  as  a 
veritable  laud  of  promise,  with  a  commercial 
future  on  a  line  with  that  of  the  Misaiaaippi. 
E  ght  hundred  milea  of  railroad  would  open  np 
•22,000  milea  of  river-bank  on  four  great  rivers 
and  inaogurate  a  commercial  relationship  with 
80,000,000  people.  Immediate  use  could  be 
made  of  such  produce  aa  wood,  gums  and  ivory, 
while  the  poaibilities  of  mineral  deposits  and 
agricultural  development  are  as  yet  practically 
beyond  computation.  Aa  we  have  said,  Earo- 
pean  enterpiise  will  have  a  new  field  and  the 
more  opportune  and  providential  the  outlet  for 
its  energies  and  trade,  aa  the  western  hemi- 
sphere and  its  archipelagoes  must  eventually 
be  absorbed  in  the  commercial  dominion  of  the 
dominant  republi".  The  future  of  Eiropean 
trade  lies  in  the  E  ist,  and  what  has  become  an 
actuality  in  India  may  be  realized  in  Africa. 


Railkoad  Ties  of  Fire  Clay.- Adams  P. 
Hopkins  of  West  Bridgewator,  Fa.,  has  filed  a 
caveat  upon  an  "improvement  "  in  the  form  of 
poata  and  railroad  tiea  made  of  burned  fire-clay. 
The  posts  will  bs  burned  hard,  and  will  have 
the  railing  secured  by  means  of  nails  driven 
into  holes  made  in  the  posts,  when  soft,  at  an 
angle  that  will  bring  the  heada  together  and 
hold  the  railing  firmly  in  place.  Holes  through 
the  tiea  upon  either  side  of  the  rail  will  admit 
bolts,  the  upper  ends  of  which  will  have  washers 
and  nuts  bearing  upon  the  rail  and  holding  it 
firmly  in  position. 


The  Cause  of  Cokino  in  Coal  —It  may 
sound  scarcely  credible  to  some  student  of  py- 
rology  and  gas  technics,  but  it  is  nevertheless 
true,  that  the  phyaioal  cause  of  the  caking  or 
fusing  of  bituminous  coal  into  the  form  of  coke, 
under  a  distilliog  heat,  is  by  no  means  under- 
stood. An  attempt  haa  been  made  by  some 
German  chemists  to  connect  the  physical  phe- 
nomenon of  coking  with  the  chemical  compoai- 
tion  of  the  coal,  eapecially  with  reference  to  the 
richneas  of  the  coal  in  what  is  called  diiposable 
hydrogpu,  or  that  proportion  of  it  which  is  in 
exceas  of  the  quantity  required  to  form  water 
with  the  oxy  gen  present.  Unfortunately  for 
the  general  acceptation  of  thia  standard  for  the 
coking  quality  in  coal,  it  does  not  correspond 
with  observed  resulta.  Neither  doea  the  rich- 
neas  of  a  sample  of  coke  in  caibon  determine 
its  cokiog  capabilitiei ;  for  two  specimens  of 
coal  of  practically  identical  carbon  composition 
will  often  be  found  to  behave  very  differently 
in  the  retort  of  coke  ovens.  If  the  property 
of  coking  doea  not  reside  either  in  the  surplus 
hydrogen  or  the  fixed  carbon,  it  is  certainly  not 
to  be  found  in  the  content  of  the  coal  in  oxygen, 
which  gives  no  indication  whatever  of  the 
physical  behavior  of  the  coal  under  heat.  Sime 
coking  coals  coke  without  much  swelling;  oth- 
ers awoll  conaiderably  in  the  proceas  of  coking 
In  either  case,  the  coal  must  undergo  a  stage  of 
fusion,  in  which  it  becomes  a  thick,  semi  fiaid 
mass  through  which  the  gas  escapes.  Why  one 
kind  of  coal  should  swell  considerably  while 
another  variety,  of  similar  composition,  does 
not,  is  a  problem  not  apparently  capable  of 
solution  from  any  of  the  chemical  data  usually 
preserved  in  analyses  of  coals,— Joaraof  of  Gas 
Ligh'ing 

The  Direct  Conversion  of  Heat  into 
Electricity  is  one  pf  the  certain  things  in  the 
future.  Even  Edison  has  staked  his  reputation 
upon  such  an  assertion.  As  showing  that  actual 
progress  is  already  being  made  in  this  direction, 
attention  is  called  to  the  fact  that  Mr  E  H. 
Acheaon,  an  electrical  engineer  of  New  York,  is 
oouduotirg  experiments  having  for  their  object 
this  desideratum.  In  his  experiments  the  energy 
of  the  converted  heat  acta  directly  on  the  en- 
gine through  the  dynamoa,  thus  reducing  the 
work  done  by  theequivalentof  this  transformed 
heat  or  in  other  worda,  increaaiug  the  capacity 
of  the  plant  by  this  amount.  The  Iron  Age  of 
New  York  says  that  a  gain  of  35  per  cent  in  out- 
put, boiler  and  engine  capacity  remaining  con- 
stant, has  already  been  realized.  In  trials  which 
have  been  made  by  other  engineers  with  Mr.  Ache- 
son's  system,  1  electrical  horse-power  per  hour 
has  been  developed  with  11  cubic  feet  of  natural 
gas  per  hour,  while  a  plant  of  ordinary  ett 
oieniy  to-day  requires  not  less  than  50  cubic 
feet  of  gas  per  horae-power  per  hour  developed. 
Mr  Acheaon  will  continue  hia  experimenta  in 
the  hope  of  attaining  still  better  results  than 
the  above 


posaibility  of  recogqition.  Modern  embalmera 
are,  moreover,  constantly  adding  new  and  de- 
sirable features  to  the  art,  which  are  useful 
either  in  cases  where  delay  in  bnrial  ia  needed, 
or  for  the  permanent  keeping  of  the  body." 

Chemical    Examination   of    an    Ancient 
Scepter. — M.  Berthelot  has  recently  diacuaaed 
the  question  of  the  manufacture  of  bronze  by 
anoient  peoples.     As  copper  is  widely   distrib- 
uted in  nature,  the  use.  of  that  metal  might 
have  been  expected.     Tin,  the  other  constit- 
uent of  bronze,    is,  on  the  contrary,   found  in 
but  few  localities,  and  even  these  are  of  com- 
paratively difiScult  access.     The  positive  state- 
ments, therefore,   which     have  hitherto  been 
made  concerning  the  general  use  of  bronze  by 
prehistoric  peoples,  have  for  a  long  time  puz- 
zled those  who  have  given  the  matter  attention. 
Archaeologists  agree  that  the  use  of  unalloyed 
copper  for  arms  and  utensils  preceded  that  of 
bronze,  but  the  date  of  the  introduction  of  the 
alloy  of  copper  and  tin  has  never  been   satis- 
factorily settled.    Among  the  many   so-called 
bronze  implements  contained   in  collections  of 
Egyptian  antiquities,  one,  the  scepter  of  Pepi 
l,°a  king  of  the  sixth  dynasty,  arcbsejlogista 
have  agreed  belongs  to  an  age  batween  35  and 
40  centuries   before  the  Christian   era.     Prom 
the  interior  of  thia  scepter  some  small   frag- 
menta   of  the  metal  were   dislodged,  and  sent 
by  the  director  of  the  British  Museum  to  M. 
Berthelot.     An  analysis  of  these  particles  failed 
to  indicate  the  presenoe  of  even  a   trace  of  tin 
or  of  zino.      From  this   M.    Berthelot  argues 
that  bronze  was  unknown   at  this  epoch,   aa 
otherwise  it  would  have   been   used  in  thia  in- 
stance inatead  of  the  aofter  copper.     He  comes 
finally  to  the  conclusion,    based  upon  this  and 
other  proof,  that  the  art  of  bronze  manufact- 
ure has  not  been  known   at   any  rate  for  more 
than  from  50  to  60  centuries. — American  Chem- 
ical Journal 

A  Moving  Mountain. — A  traveling  mount- 
ain is  louud  at  the  Ciscades  of  the  Columbia. 
It  is  a  triple-peaked  mass  of  dark-brown 
basalt,  six  or  eight  miles  in  length  where  it 
fronts  the  river,  and  rises  to  a  hight  of  almost 
2000  feet  above  the  water.  That  it  is  in  motion 
ia  the  last  thought  which  would  be  likely  to 
auggeat  itaelf  to  the  mind  of  any  one  passing 
it;  yet  it  ia  a  well-established  fact  that  this  en- 
tire mountain  ia  moving  alowly  but  ateadily 
down  the  river,  aa  if  it  had  a  deliberate  purpose 
some  time  in  the  future  to  dam  the  Columbia 
and  form  a  great  lake  from  the  Oascadea  to  The 
Dillea.  The  Indian  traditiona  indicate  im- 
mense movements  of  the  monntaina  hereabout, 
long  before  white  men  came  to  Oregon,  and  the 
early  settlers,  many  of  them  immigrants  from 
New  England,  gave  the  above-deacribed  mount- 
ainous ridge  the  name  of  "  traveling  mountain," 
or  "  sliding  mountain."  In  its  forward  and 
downward  movement,  the  forests  along  the 
base  of  the  ridge  have  become  submerged  in 
the  river.  Large  tree-stubs  can  be  seen  stand- 
ing deep  in  the  water  on  this  shore.  The  rail- 
way engineers  and  trackmen  fiod  that  the  line 
of  the  railroad  which  skirts  the  foot  of  the 
mountain  is  being  continually  forced  cut  of 
place.  At  certain  points,  the  road-bed  and 
rails  have  been  puahed  eight  or  ten  feet  out  of 
line  in  the  courae  of  a  few  yeare.  Geologists 
attribute  this  strange  phenomenon  to  the  fact 
that  the  basalt,  which  constitutes  the  bulk  of 
the  mountain,  rests  on  a  snhatratum  of  con- 
glomerate, or  of  aoft  sandstone,  which  the  deep, 
swift  current  of  the  mighty  rivet  ia  conatantly 
wearing  away;  or  that  thia  softer  subrock  is  of 
itself  yielding,  at  great  depths,  to  the  enormous 
weight  of  the  harder  material  above. — Aslorian, 
May  7th. 


The  Science  of  Embalming.- Oar  present 
methods  of  embalming  are  so  superior  to  those 
of  the  anoient  Egyptians  that  a  modern  em- 
balmer  might  leave  a  human  body  so  perfect 
that,  after  3000  years,  says  the  Lancet,  "  noi  a 
lineament  need  be  wantiog  for  identification, 
while  the  embalmed  hodioa  of  the  anoienta  were 
so  soon  dried  up  aa  to  be  utterly  beyond  all 


"PoGONiP."— It  is  said  that  the  mountain 
regions  of  Nevada  have  a  climatic  phenomenon 
called  the  "Pjgonip."  It  ia  a  aort  of  frozen 
fog  that  fills  the  air  at  timea  in  winter.  It 
often  appeara  on  the  clearest  and  brightest 
days,  coming  suddenly  from  no  one  knows 
whence.  In  an  Instant  the  air  is  filled  with 
floating  needles  of  ice.  To  breathe  the  pogonip 
ia  death  to  the  lungs.  When  it  comes,  people 
rush  to  cover.  The  Indians  dread  it  as  much 
as  the  whites.  It  appears  to  be  caused  by  the 
sudden  freezing  in  the  air  of  the  moisture 
which  collects  about  the  summits  of  the  high 
peaks. 

Disintegration  of  Rocky  Strata.—  If 
sodium  sulphate  be  allowed  to  oryatalliza  be- 
tween platea  of  nnglazsd  porcelain  in  the  open 
air,  and  if  the  crystallization  be  reproduced 
two  or  three  times  by  sprinkling  with  water, 
the  plates  fall  to  powder.  Toe  same  phenom- 
enon is  observed  with  very  hard  atonea.  This 
oryetallizitioo  may  he  the  cause  of  the  commi- 
nution of  rocks  which  resist  water. 

A  Novel  Telephone,  invented  by  an  Amer- 
ican, haa  for  its  primary  feature  the  transmis- 
sion of  sound  by  the  vibration  of  glass.  From 
a  glasa  diaphragm  extend  a  number  of  glass 
tubee  of  varioua  a'zea  communicating  with  an 
ordinary  wire.  Very  clear  and  distinct  utter- 
ance has  bsen  found  to  result  on  trials  over  a 
line  three  miles  long.  _   ^. 

A  New  Mineral  haa  been  diacoverpd  in  the 
vicinity  of  the  little  town  of  H'mer,  Ky.,  and 
the  inhabitanta  of  that  place'  expect  to  realize 
milliona.  The  aubstance  discovered  haa  a  black, 
pitchy  formation,  and  is  of  a  loamy  appear- 
ance. When  placed  in  the  fire,  it  burns  with  a 
clear,  steady  flame  and  makes  a  brilliant  white 
light. 


May  24,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


361 


SOOD   HEj^LTH. 


Health  Throughout  t&e  Stdte. 

R3portB  hare  been  reof^ived  by  the  State 
Board  of  Health  trom  100  localities  in  the 
SCftte  with  an  estimated  population  of  8*25.000, 
which  indicate  a  very  farorable  condition  of 
health  for  the  month  of  April.  The  month  was 
oharaoteriaed  by  an  entire  absonoe  of  epidemic 
diseane.  The  very  favorable  weather  that  pre* 
vailed  BeemB  to  have  had  a  beneficial  effect  apon 
the  general  health  of  the  Scate.  The  deaths 
have  reached  only  15  per  thoaaand — a  very  low 
rate. 

WbooplDff  OOUKb, 

Which,  as  a  malady,  haa  not  been  prevalent, 
only  four  oasee  having  been  reported,  in,  never- 
tbeleas,  a  malady  which  ahoald  be  better  an 
deratood  and  gaarded  againat.  The  report 
apeakii  of  it  as  foUowa,  quoting  from  the  Sani' 
tary  Rtcord: 

*'  Whooping  coogh  is  too  often  regarded  in 
the  light  of  a  trifling  and  unavoidablti  malady, 
and  it  rarely  happens  that  the  alighteat  precau* 
tion  la  taken  against  its  spread  by  Infection. 
Some  amount  of  blame,  moreover,  attaches  to 
medical  men,  who,  in  many  oases,  fail  to  insist 
oDon  the  neoeeslty  of  isolation  and  disinfection. 
Yet  the  live  contagion  of  whooping  cough  la 
not  less  active,  distinct  and  subtle  tban  that  of 
scarlet  fever  or  smallpox.  *  *  *  As  in 
many  other  affections,  although  the  number  of 
deatbs  as  an  immediate  result  of  the  disfase  is 
of  itself  great,  yet  it  may  be  doabtful  if  the  re- 
mote mortality  is  not  much  greater.  The  strain 
on  the  delicate  lung  tissuea  leads  to  emphysema 
and  other  grave  complicationa  that  often  prove 
fatal  after  the  lapse  of  many  years.  Mean- 
while, let  parents  be  taught  to  regard  this 
scourge  in  a  truer  light,  by  avoiding  the  bring- 
ing of  their  children  In  contact  with  the  disease 
where  it  can  poeaibly  by  diligent  itquiry  be  as- 
certained to  be  present. 

Cerebro-SDlnal  Fever 

Was  the  cause  of  seventeen  deaths  daring  the 
month — an  increase  over  the  previous  report. 
The  report,  after  alluding  to  this  disease  as 
more  serious  in  character  than  remittent  and 
intermittent  fevers,  continues  as  follows: 

*'In  connection  with  these  zymotic  affections 
we  cannot  but  regret  that  the  example  of  Min- 
nesota is  not  followed  In  this  State,  There  the 
law  requires  that  In  the  month  of  May,  or 
oftener  in  each  year,  the  Health  Officer  shall 
make  a  thorough  sanitary  Inapeotiou  of  the 
city,  town,  or  village  under  his  jurisdiction, 
and  present  a  written  report  of  such  inEipection 
at  the  next  meeting  of  the  Board  of  Health, 
and  shall  forward  a  copy  of  such  report,  as  soon 
a9  rendered,  to  the  Scate  B:>ard  of  Health.  This 
wise  provision  of  the  law  haa  been  followed  by 
the  most  salutary  results.  It  gives  the  Health 
Officer  a  complete  knowledge  of  the  sanitary 
conditions  of  the  town,  and  in  case  of  an  out- 
break of  diaeaae  he  is  in  a  position  to  know  Its 
probable  eanse,  and  is  thus  quickly  enabled  to 
use  the  means  neceseary  for  its  suppression  or 
extinction,  to  the  saving  of  many  lives  and  the 
great  monetary  interest  of  the  oommanity." 

Oancer. 

We  notice  that  cancer  was  the  oaase  of  32 
deaths.  The  number  of  deaths  from  this  cause 
last  month  was  44  Large  and  increasing  as 
are  the  fatalities  from  this  malady,  the  Board 
of  Health  is  BtudioQaly  silent  in  regard  to  it. 
although  we  will  guarantee  that  a  few  hours 
special  observation  in  this  city  would  satisfy 
the  Board  that  quite  a  number  of  patients  are 
discharged  here  every  month  as  cured,  alter 
they  have  been  pronounced  atiitcted  with  oancer 
by  one  or  more  of  the  physioiane  and  surgeons 
in  this  city,  A  large  number  of  snch  patients 
have  been  thus  cured  after  ineffectual  attempts 
have  been  made  to  eradicate  the  disease  with 
the  knife  in  the  hands  of  our  leading  Burgeons. 
This  malady  la  rapidly  increasing,  and  has  al- 
ready reached  near  the  bead  of  the  list  of 
fatalities.  So  important  ia  this  matter  con- 
sidered, and  ao  apparently  indifferent  are 
the  health  guardians  to  ita  increase,  that 
a  number  of  oar  leading  philanthropiata 
and  several  well-to-do  people,  who  have  been 
cured,  after  failing  to  get  relief  from  the 
regular  faculty,  are  serioaaly  contemplating 
the  establishment  of  a  cancer  hospital  in  this  city, 
where  proper  care  can  be  taken  of  people  so 
afflicted.  If  such  an  institution  should  be 
established,  there  is  no  doubt  but  that  it  would 
result  in  arresting  the  rapid  increase  of  this 
terrible  malady  with  which  the  regular  faculty 
are  entirely  unable  to  cope, 

A  Test  for  Malaria.— A  loving  father,  who, 
at  a  summer  resort  last  season,  had  left  behind 
him  four  beautiful  children,  dead  of  diphtheria, 
aaid  to  me,  "That  hotel  proprietor  was  aB 
much  a  murderer  aa  if  he  had  shot  my  little 
onea."  Yea,  dear  sir,  but  you,  the  guardian, 
ought  to  hava  been  armed  and  equipped  against 
such  foea.  An  hour's  intelligent  examination 
of  water  supply  and  drainage  at  a  proposed 
country  home  would,  in  a  large  majority  of 
oaaes,  prevent  the  risk  of  such  a  catastrophe, 
and  might  be  made  before  a  landlord  could  ob- 
ject. Take  in  the  dressing-bag  an  ounce  vial 
of  saturated  solution  of  permanganate  of  pot- 
ash, which  any  druggist  will  prepare  for  a  few 
centa,  and  put  half  a  dozen  drops  into  a  tum- 
bler of  drinking-water  that  is  supplied.  If  it 
turns  brown  in  an  hour,  It  is,  broadly  speaking, 
unfit  to  drinkj  if  not,  it  is  not  eepeoially  harm- 


ful. If  a  country  hotel's  sewage  system  Is 
contined  to  cesepoola  within  a  huodred  feet  of 
the  bou^e,  and  near  the  water  supply,  take  the 
next  train  to  a  point  farther  on.  These  mat- 
ters should  force  themselves  on  one's  personal 
attention,  quite  aa  much  as  the  undertaker's 
bille  that  ocoaeionally  follow  their  oegleot. — 
AmTican  Magazine. 


Useful  Informations. 


A  Machine  ior  Hakvkstinu  Ukans  ib  the 
latest  addition  to  agriculiural  maotiiuery.  In 
raising  beans  for  the  market  on  a  Urge  acate, 
every  consideration  of  prtfit  and  economy  de 
maods  ready  facilities.  In  a  bean  held  of  20, 
50  or  100  acres,  it  would  rcqiire  a  targe  force 
to  do  the  palling  by  hand  and  collect  the  vines 
in  piles  prepiratory  to  hauliog  in  to  the  thrash 
ing  floor.  Ttie  machine,  which  Is  the  invention 
of  John  Yocom  of  Ridgetown,  Oct.,  Can.,  is 
adapted  to  be  drawn  between  two  rows  of 
bnans  by  one  horse,  and  diverging  blades  tear 
cff  the  plants  at  the  roots  and  crowd  them  out- 
wardly toward  the  outlying  rows.  The  next 
trip  being  made  between  the  next  contiguous 
rows,  the  effect  is  to  hustle  two  rows  together, 
and  the  driving  being  done  in  every  third  space, 
the  work  progresses  very  rapidly.  The  imple- 
ment ia  bandied  like  a  cultivator  and  is  just  as 
easily  operated. 


Nkw  Process  AND  Material  for  Making 
Paste. — Mepsrs.  Guatav  Turk  &  Witting  Bros. 
of  London,  E>gland,  have  a  valuable  proceas 
for  making  adhesive  paste  from  the  straw  boil- 
ings that  accumulate  in  the  manufacture  of 
paper.  This  paste  can,  by  the  prooefls,  be 
purified,  and  will  be  found  a  cheap  and  effii^ient 
substitute  for  gum  arable.  The  water  having 
served  its  purfiose  In  boiling  the  straw,  is 
drawn  cff  and  sent  through  a  coarse  filter,  then 
reduced  by  evaporation,  and  forma  a  stiff 
brown  paste  which  can  be  evenly  spread  on  any 
substance,  and  which  will  not  ferment.  This 
feature  ia  most  valuable,  as  ordinary  paste 
very  quickly  becomes  foul  and  deteriorates 
rapidly.  Considering  the  many  thousands  of 
barrels  of  paste  which  are  used  every  month 
throughout  the  country,  this  new  material, 
made  from  what  has  heretofore  been  a  waste 
product,  may  he  oonsidered  a  valuable  and  eco- 
nomio  substitute. 


Bide  Flame  Drifiwood, — A  new  fad  is  being 
introduced  at  the  Etst  in  the  shape  of  colored 
flames  for  parlor  wood  fires.  A  Boston  paper 
says  that  a  demand  for  fuel  burning  with  vari- 
ous-colored flimn  has  been  created  wherever  the 
so  called  **blue-fl:kme  driftwood"  has  been  ex- 
hibited and  used.  Thla  driftwood  comes  from 
seaport  towns,  where  old  coppered  ships  are 
broken  up.  The  timber  becomes  saturated 
with  the  copper  acted  upon  by  sea-water,  and 
when  need  in  the  fire-place,  burns  with  brilliant 
oolora  to  the  fl  ime.  This  has  led  to  an  artificial 
substitute  called  iridescent  fuel,  and  the  pro- 
ceas has  been  patented  by  a  Boston  company, 
which  propoaea  to  sell  the  right  to  manufacture 
throughout  the  country.  Either  wood  or  coke 
may  be  uaed. 

Leather  from  Beecawood.  —  Dr.  George 
Tenius  of  Vienna  has  a  proceas  for  the  manu- 
facture of  artificial  leather  from  red  beech- 
wood.  The  best  wood  for  the  purpose  is  taken 
from  50  to  60  year  old  trees,  cut  in  the  spring, 
which  must  be  worked  up  immediately,  bark 
peeled  off,  steamed,  treated  with  chemicals  in 
a  kettle  under  pressure,  and  exposed  to  several 
more  operations  which  the  inventor  doea  not 
mention,  as  he  wants  to  have  them  patented, 
From  the  prepared  wood,  strong  and  thin  pieces 
are  made  by  means  of  pressure.  The  inventor 
states  that  solid  sole  leather  can  bs  obtained, 
which  he  claims  is  superior  tothe  animal  leather 
in  firmness  and  durability,  and  can  be  worked 
up  in  the  same  way  as  animal  leather,  nailed 
and  sewed, 

A  Most  Wonderfdl  Toy  has  been  on  pri- 
vate exhibition  in  Paris.  Fancy  seven  life-sized 
kittens  covered  with  real  skin,  but  with  eyea 
of  emerald  set  in  pearly  white  enamel  and  each 
playing  on  a  musical  instrument — a  flute,  a 
zither,  a  violin,  a  drum,  a  harp,  a  cornet  and 
an  accordion,  all  oerfectly  harmonlzad  and  play- 
ing the  moat  difficult  operas — then  you  have 
the  picture  complete.  The  mechanism  is  sim- 
ilar to  that  of  a  music-box,  and  the  whole 
apparatus,  kittens  et  al,,  is  valued  at  20,000 
franca.  

Spirit  Photooeaphs  have  been  produced  by 
being  first  painted  upon  a  acreen  with  a  sola 
tion  of  sulphate  of  qiinine  or  any  fluorescent 
substance,  which  will  be  quite  invisible  by  or- 
dinary light;  buD  if  the  ultra-violet  rays  of  the 
spectrum  are  allowed  to  fall  upon  tht^m,  they 
become  visible  at  once.  Owing  to  the  great  ao- 
tlnio  power  of  these  rays,  a  photograph  of  such  a 
screen  will  show  these  invisible  characters  upon 
the  fioiahed  plate.  Certain  mysterious  *'  spirit 
photographs  "  have  been  produced  in  this  way. 


Glass  Spinning  and  glass-flower  mauufaot- 
nre  are  a  very  extensive  branch  of  Austrian 
glass  industry.  It  is  now  so  developed  that  a 
petroleum  flame  gives  some  1550  yards  of  glase 
thread  every  minute,  that  Is  woven  not  only 
for  glass  cloth,  etc.,  bub  alao  for  watoh-chains, 
brashes,  etc. 


ENQipJEEF^ING  I]OTES. 


Marine   Engineering— Four-Masted 
Schooners. 

A  point  baa  been  reached  in  the  building  of 
four-masted  acboonera  for  the  carrying  trade  on 
the  Atlantic  Cjaet,  where  it  leema  likely  that 
owners  may  yet  have  to  take  meaanres  to  insure 
them  themaelves.  A  very  large  amount  of  New 
EagUnd  and  New  York  capital  has  within 
three  yearB  been  directed  to  the  building  ot 
this  olass  of  vessels,  bfaoauae  it  was  believed 
tbat  the  Ideal  freighter  had  at  last  been  found — 
the  vessel  with  the  carrying  capacity  of  a  ship 
without  the  expense  of  maintenance  of  a  qaare 
rigger.  The  new  vessels  are  fast  with  a  beam 
wind  and  have  been  very  profitable. 

But  their  frequent  loss  is  beginning  to  shook 
the  oapitalist  who  has  been  investing  in  these 
craft,  and  in  ports  farther  to  the  eastward  than 
New  London  the  great  number  of  lossea  on  large 
four-masted  acboonera  which  have  recently  oc- 
curred have  unsettled  the  underwriters,  and 
some  of  the  insurance  companies.  It  is  reported, 
will  not  write  them  hereafter.  Others 
have  increased  their  rate  from  one  to  two  per 
cent. 

The  prinoipal  trouble  with  the  foar-maaters 
is  found  to  be  in  their  rig.  Their  lower  masts 
are  so  lofty  and  are  ranged  ao  closely  together 
that  the  standing  rigging  doea  not  have  a  fair 
chance  to  support  them.  The  shrouds  or  stays 
are  so  much  larger  than  those  on  cquare-rigged 
craft,  and  form  such  a  sharp  angle  with  the 
range  of  the  mastheads,  tbat  the  spare  have 
almoat  no  support  in  a  heavy  seaway.  In  a 
Equare  rigger  the  vessel  is  found  to  be  of  equal 
beam,  while  the  mists  are  much  ahorter — 
oonatquently  the  spars  are  supported  firmly. 

In  nearly  all  of  the  cases  where  it  has  been 
necessary  to  abandon  four-masters  at  sea,  it  is 
found  that  the  maats  of  the  vessels  have  been 
carried  away,  thus  rendering  them  unmanage- 
able in  a  seaway.  It  ia  also  oonaidered  that 
the  centerboard  is  another  objectionable  feature 
of  the  four-master,as  it  is  alleged  that  it  weakens 
the  ship's  keel.  The  centerboard  works  up 
and  down  through  a  long  slot  in  the  keel,  and 
the  larger  the  vessel  the  larger  the  slot.  Many 
builders  now  believe  tbat  a  keel  snould  he 
substituted  for  the  board  in  vessels  of  over  400 
tons.  It  ia  alao  said  that  the  light  draught  of 
these  craft  ia  a  bad  fault.  They  are  built  ao 
aa  to  run  in  the  shoalest  water  to  diacharge, 
and  this  fault  of  course  iojares  them  for  deep- 
sea  sailing.  Again,  It  ia  said  that  under- 
writers do  not  think  the  large  acboonera  carry 
sufficient  crews  and  that  they  depend  too  muoh 
upon  the  engine  to  make  or  shorten  aail,  and, 
incase  the  engine  becomes  disabled,  the  men 
are  liable,  because  of  lack  of  numbers,  to  be 
placed  in  a  position  where  they  would  be  power- 
less to  avert  disaster. 

The  tendency  of  the  Bchooner>builder8  Beems 
now  to  be  to  fall  back  to  the  construction  of 
the  three-maatera  of  500  or  600  tons  burden. 
It  ia  found  that  these  are  the  safest  and 
beat  vessels  for  investors  in  the  long  run. 

Electrical  Motors  Underorodnd. — Is  the 
grip  to  be  done  away  with  in  its  use  on  cable 
railways?  It  Is  an  open  secret,  Bays  the  St. 
Louis  Qlobe- Democrat  that  several  professional 
inventors  are  trying  to  perfect  a  new  street- 
car motor  to  combine  the  advantagea  of  cable 
and  overhead  electricity,  and  to  do  away  with 
the  objections  of  both  systems.  The  idea  ia  to 
construct  a  conduit  somewhat  similar  to  that 
ueed  for  cables,  but  large  enough  to  allow  a 
small  electric  motor  to  run  on  very  narrow- 
gauge  tracks  laid  undergroand.  Each  motor 
will  be  connected  with  a  train  of  cars  by  means 
of  a  rigid  coupling  which  will  run  in  a  slot  just 
aa  the  grip  of  a  cable  car  doea.  To  make  the 
invention  a  success,  the  engineer  must  be  able 
to  ride  on  the  surface  oar,  and  yet  have  perfect 
control  over  the  motor  running  underground. 
The  d  fficultiea  are  by  no  means  appalling  in 
the  light  of  recent  triumphs  over  apparent  im- 
possibilities, but  the  motor  will  have  to  be 
very  fmall,  or  the  oondnit  would  bs  too  large 
to  be  practicable.  Thla  is  a  revival  of  the 
scheme  of  the  firat  patentee  of  the  conduit 
street-motor  system.  His  idea  was  to  run  a 
steam  locomotive  In  a  tunnel  and  have  a  rigid 
connection  with  the  cara  above.  The  impossi- 
bility of  constructing  tunnels  under  the  streets 
large  enough  to  admit  locomotives  killed  the 
aoheme  before  it  waa  well  announced,  but  it  ia 
believed  that  eletriclty  will  remove  all  the  diffi- 
culties.   _^^_ 

Chinese  Engineers. — As  a  literary  curiosity, 
the  Chinese  translation  of  eight  chaptera  of  Mr. 
Mattbeson'e  "Aid  Book  to  Engineering  Enter- 
prise," which  haa  recently  been  published,  will 
probably  be  unrivaled  for  some  time  to  come. 
It  is  the  first  technical  woik  in  the  Chinese 
language  on  railway  and  harbor  construction. 
The  Chinese  title  of  the  work  would  read  in 
Eiglishaa  followa  :  "  Easay  on  Construction, 
Eaelishman  Mitbeaon  gave  the  idea.  Eogliah- 
man  F^er  and  Chang  Tien  translated  it."  The 
work^  printed  on  tine,  thin  rice  paper,  from 
large  type,  and  the  book  is  inclosed  in  looae 
boards  of  polished  rosewood,  held  together  by 
silk  ribbons,  each  chapter  being  separately 
stitched  into  a  silk  cover.  The  original  engrav- 
ings have  been  faithfully,  though  quaintly,  re- 
produced on  a  larger  scale. 

The  latest  novel  use  for  refrigerator  oars  is 
the  shipment  of  pianos.    It  is  proposed  to  use 


such  care  not  only  for  perishable  freight,  as 
heretofore,  but  for  all  goods  which  arekffccted 
by  changes  of  temperature. 


E'LECTPjeiTY. 


The  Path  for  the  Future. 

ThR  present  status  of  electricity,  while  foil 
of  diflioaUy  and  worriment,  Is  alao  full  of  hope, 
remarks  EUelric  Power,  Bv  the  cutting  tff 
of  the  supply  of  currents  in  Naw  York  for  the 
arc  and  incandeecent  lights  it  has  been  revealed 
to  the  people,  in  a  manner  that  no  other  course 
could  have  done,  how  absolutely  esaential  to 
their  oomfort  and  well-being  the  newly  atil- 
ized  force  has  become.  The  trmpora-y  losses 
and  annoyances  to  the  electrical  companies, 
though  very  great,  will  therefore  prove  in  the 
end  to  be  of  lasting  ben<  fit,  and  when  the  serv- 
ice is  resumed  the  demand  for  electric  light 
will  be  greater  than  ever  before,  and  the  now 
existing  disagreeable  and  annoying  circum- 
stances, due  mainly  to  tbe  injection  of  politioa 
into  bnaineBB  affairs,  will  be  remembered  as  a 
leason. 

But  the  electric  light,  though  at  present  the 
most  extensive,  is  destined  to  be  only  a  branch, 
and  a  smtll  branch  at  that,  of  tbe  application 
of  electricity  to  the  service  of  man.  It  is  no 
wild  dream  of  the  imagination  to  look  forward 
to  the  time  when  all  the  light,  power  and  heat 
necessary  for  man's  oomfort  and  happineas  will 
be  supplied  by  this  inexhaustible  natural  force, 
cheaply,  safely  and  conveniently.  When  Bul- 
wer  wrote  his  novel,  *'  The  Coming  Rice,"  it 
was  thought  that  his  description  of  the  force 
"Viril,"  which  he  put  into  the  hands  of  his 
characters,  waa  overdrawn  and  impossible.  But 
the  chief  powers  of  "  Viril "  are  already  found 
to  be  poesaased  by  eleotricity,  and  the  few  re- 
maining properties  which  Bulwer  assigned  to 
'*  Viril"  are  not  beyond  the  bounds  of  future 
discovery  and  invention.  To  the  *' coming 
race"  of  Bulwer  the  telephone  and  phonograph 
would  have  been  as  wonderful  as  their  "  Viril " 
appeared  to  ua  at  the  time  the  book  was 
written. 

The  Mysterious  Power. — A  recent  writer 
on  modern  electrical  theories  shows  that  a  few 
striking  phenomeua,  taken  together  and  re- 
duced to  one  primal  cauee,  point  quite  oonclu- 
aively  to  tbe  necesBary  existence  of  some 
medium  by  which  eleotrioal  action,  whatever 
Its  nature  may  be,  is  transmitted,  this  medium 
being  placed  In  a  state,  potentially,  which  it 
did  not  possets  before  the  electrical  icflaeucee 
were  applied  to  it.  Prof.  Rowland  points  out 
very  forcibly  tbat  not  only  are  the  actions  to 
be  considered  which  go  on  within  the  con- 
ductor, transmitting  the  so-called  manifesta- 
tion of  force — electricity — but  that  that  peculiar 
state  is  equally  existent  beyond  the  limits  of 
the  conductor  in  spaoe;  and,  indeed,  that  elec- 
trical disturbances  are  transmitted  into  spaoe 
far  beyond  what  is  generally  supposed  to  be 
the  fact,  due  entirely  to  the  transmitting 
medium,  the  ether.  Though  the  electric  cur- 
rent Is  an  unaolved  myatery,  a  very  great  ad- 
vance in  understanding  it  is  involved  in  the 
knowledge  that  to  the  outside  disturbaDoes  in 
the  medium  must  obaervation  be  directed  in 
search  of  more  light. 

The  Troth  About  Dangers  of  Electric- 
ity.— The  committee  appointed  by  the  ISenate 
of  the  New  York  Legialature  to  investigate  the 
dangers  of  electricity  held  its  sessions  in  New 
York  City,  took  testimony  and  reported.  The 
following  paragraph  from  that  report  contains 
the  reault  in  a  few  words,  but  very  suggeative 
ones:  **  It  appeara  that  16  peraons  hava  been 
killed  in  tbe  city  of  New  York  during  tbe  paat 
three  years  from  electrical  currents,  most  of 
them  being  employes  of  electric  companiea. 
Most  If  not  all  of  these  deaths  were  caused  by 
a  continuouB  current  used  for  arc  lighting.  As 
far  aa  the  committee  could  ascertain,  no  acci- 
dent haa  been  caused  by  underground  con- 
ductors. The  causes  for  most  of  tbe  deaths 
appear  to  have  been  carelessnees  on  the  part  of 
the  electric  companies  in  using  poorly  insulated 
or  badly  arranged  oondactors,  and  in  neglecting 
other  precautions  required  for  safety.  It  ap- 
pears doubtful  if  an  overhead  system  of  wires 
carrying  high-teneion  currents  coald  be,  under 
any  circumstances,  maintained  In  the  crowded 
streets  of  the  city  of  New  York  without  more 
or  less  danger  to  the  public." 

Heating  Capacity  of  Electricity. — E.  C. 
Sughes,  one  of  the  electricians  of  the  Piltbbury 
A  mill,  haa  lately  been  experimenting  with  the 
heating  capacity  of  eleotricity.  and  has  demon- 
strated that  almost  any  degree  can  be  prodnoed 
with  comparative  ease.  He  had  gotten  up  an 
oven  for  baking  and  heating  gluten,  which  is  a 
great  success.  The  gluten  la  placed  in  a 
cylindrical  glasa  case,  about  an  inch  in  diame- 
ter, whioh  in  turn  is  placed  in  the  oven,  the 
latter  also  being  In  cylindrical  form. 

Electp.ical  Launches  on  the  Thames, — 
This  season  there  will  be  24  electrically  pro- 
pelled launches  upon  the  Thames.  Electricity, 
altogether,  is  In  favor  on  the  river,  as  many 
house- boats  are  being  fitted  with  the  electric 
light, — London  Invention, 

An  Electric  Candle  ia  one  of  the  newest 
productions  of  the  Edison-Swan  Co.  It  ia  fit- 
ted upon  a  candlestick  or  candelabra,  and  ia 
twisted  into  a  flamboyant  spiral,  to  give  the 
illasion  of  a  flame. 


362 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


(Mat  24,  1890 


A.  T.  DEWEY.  W,  B,  BWKR. 

DEWEY  &  CO.,  Publishers. 

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gg"  Take  the  Elevator,  No.  IS  Front  S(."« 

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SAN    FRANCISCO: 

Saturday,   May  24,    1890. 


TABLE  OF  CONTENTS. 


ILLUSTRATIONS.  ~  The  Late  Joaiah  Stanford; 
The  Yel.owstone  National  Park,  345.  Semi-Cubical 
Antarctic  Iceberg;  The  Muir  Olacier,  347.  Mer  de 
Glace;  Glacier  of  Aletgch;  Greenland  Inland  Ice,  353. 

BU1TOB1AL.S.— The  Pioneers  Passinc  Away,  345. 
Passing  Events;  To  Illustrate  Our  Mining  Industry; 
The  Silver  Bill  Under  Debate;  Yellowstone  Park,  252 

MECHANICAL  PROGRESS. —Mechanical  P^ol- 
hardiness;  Speed  and  Work  of  Emery- Wheels;  Miscel- 
laneous, 350. 

SCIENTIFIC  PROQRESS.-The  Grand  Possibil- 
ities of  Africa;  The  Cause  of  Coking  in  Coal;  Chemical 
Examination  of  an  Ancient  Scepter;  A  Movin<;  Mount- 
ain; Miscellaneous,  350. 

GOOD  HEALTH.— Health  Throughout  the  State;  A 
Test  for  Malaria.  351. 

USEFUL  INFORMATION.— A  Machine  for  Har- 
vesting  Beans;  New  Process  and  Material  for  Making 
Paste;  Blue  Flame  Drif  wood;  Leather  from  Beeoh- 
wood;  Miscellaneous.  351. 

ENGINEERING  NOTES.-Marine  Engineering- 
Four-Masted  SOiooners.  Eleclrical  Motors  Under- 
ground; Miscellaneous.  331- 

ELECTRICITY.— The  Path  for  the  Future;  The 
Myaterious  Power;  The  Truth  About  Dangers  of  Elec- 
tricity; Miscellaneous,  351. 

MINING  SOMMARY— From  the  various  counties 
of  California,  Nevada,  Arizona,  Colorado,  Idaho,  Mon- 
tana, New  Mexico,  Oregon,  Utah,  Wyoming,  348-349. 

MINING  STOCK  MARKET.— Sales  at  the  San 
Francisco  St^ck  Board,  Notices  of  MeetlngB,  Assess- 
mentn.  Dividends,  and  Bullion  Shipments,  356- 

MARKBT  RE  PC  a  TS. —Local  Markets,  Eastern 
Metal  Markets,  356. 

MIS  JELLANBOOS.—Irrigation  Surveys;  Corns  ock 
Mine  Management;  Mines  of  Lander  County,  Nev., 
346.    The  Deep  Gold  Placers  of  CaliforDia,  347. 

Business  Announcements. 

[NBW  THIS  ISSIIB.] 

Ore  Concentrator — H.  P.  Holland. 

Assessment  Notice — Acme  Mill  and  Mining  Companj. 

iKfSee  Advertising  Columns. 


Passing  Events. 

The  lower  House  of  Cangreaa  has  finally 
passed  the  McKioley  tariff  bill  after  a  long  dis- 
oussioD.  Nothing  definite  has  yet  been  done 
about  the  silver  qaestion,  wbioh  ia  still  under 
consideration  in  the  Senate. 

The  mining  people  of  Fresno  county  are 
felicitating  themselves  on  having  found  the 
mother  lode  of  California  in  their  mountains. 
It  ia  to  be  hoped  that  the  assertion  will  prove 
true,  but  " mother  lodea,"  like  **  lost  mines" 
and  ''second  Oomatocks,"  are  in  these  days 
looked  upon  incredulously,  there  having  been 
so  many  reporta  which  proved  to  be  without 
basia. 

The  molders*  strike  still  oontinues,  More 
men  arrived  from  the  East  this  week  for  the 
shops,  and,  as  usual,  a  small  proportion  were 
"captured"  by  the  strikers.  Still  the  shops 
are  all  running,  as  they  have  been  for  the  past 
few  weeks. 

The  movement  has  commenced  toward 
properly  representing  the  iuterests  of  Califor- 
nia at  the  coming  World's  Fair  at  Chicago. 
All  persona  interested  in  mining  should  do  their 
share  toward  seeing  the  mining  industry  as 
well  repreaented  as  that  of  agriculture. 


Always  Take  a  Receipt. 

Subscrihers  to  this  paper  are  earnestly  requested  to 
take  a  receipt  for  every  payment  made  on  subscription, 
no  matter  how  small  the  amount  or  to  whom  paid.  We 
use  printed  receipts,  witli  stubs  attached,  to  prevent 
mistakes,  through  carelessness  (or  other  reason),  by 
agents  or  others.  For  our  mutual  interests  take  a 
receipt,  whether  you  preserve  it  or  not.  I 


To    Illustrate    Our   Mining    Industry. 

It  is  to  be  hoped  that  an  active  interest  will 
be  taken  by  the  miners  and  mine-ownera  of 
this  State  toward  properly  representing  the 
mining  interests  of  California  at  the  World's 
Fair  in  Chicago.  It  is  evident  that  the  State 
intends  this  time  to  make  a  good  showing,  as 
already  the  subject  is  being  agitated  in  many 
communities,  and  the  Qovernor  has  started  a 
general  interest  by  calling  attention  to  the 
matter.  The  agricultural  and  horticultural  in- 
terests are  sure  to  be  well  repreaented  owing  to 
the  numerous  societies  and  associations  con- 
nected with  Buch  matters  and  the  fact  that 
those  having  lands  to  dispose  of  will  give  aid 
and  assistance  to  anything  whioh  will  advertise 
these  industries  and  induce  immigration. 

Among  the  miners,  however,  there  are  no 
claba,  associations,  or  societies.  Those  men 
who  are  very  prominent  in  the  indnatry  and 
have  gained  wealth  in  mining,  have  little  or 
no  personal  interests  to  serve  by  an  exhibition, 
and  are  apt  to  be  apathetic.  As  far  as  selling 
mines  is  concerned,  very  little  has  been  acoom- 
plished  by  exhibitions  held  in  the  past.  It 
takes  personal  representation  and  examination 
to  do  much  in  that  direction.  It  la  no  easy 
matter,  therefore,  to  arouse  an  interest  in  a 
mineral  exhibit.  Circulars  and  letters  to  min- 
ers do  little  good.  If  accredited  representa- 
tives should  be  sent  in  person  to  the  various 
mining  centers,  good  collections  of  ores  could 
be  made,  but  not  unless  this  is  done. 

It  is  to  be  hoped,  however,  that  if  money  is 
to  be  spent  for  a  mining  industry  exhibit,  it 
will  not  all  be  spent  in  collecting  ores.  A  6ne 
representative  collection  of  minerals  could  be 
forwarded  from  the  S  bate  Museum  of  the  Min- 
ing Bureau.  These  specimens  are  already  col- 
lected, identified  and  labaled,  and  could  be  ar- 
ranged for  display  with  much  leaa  trouble  than 
trying  to  make  a  new  collection. 

Moreover,  a  mere  display  of  minerals  con* 
veys  little  idea  of  the  mining  industry  to  ordi- 
nary people.  They  do  not  understand  their 
significance,  and  to  a  large  majority  a  fine 
specimen  of  iron  pyrites  would  serve  as  gold 
ore. 

What  ia  wanted  ia  some  aort  of  graphic  rep- 
resentation of  our  mineral  reeoarcea — separate 
maps  or  casts,  for  instance,  showing  location 
in  the  various  counties  where  certain  minerals 
are  found.  Plaster  casts  of  the  whole  State 
could  be  made  in  number,  each  one  showing 
the  locations  of  a  separate  mineral  substance. 
California  is  known  for  gold,  but  it  produces 
many  other  substances.  For  instance,  within 
our  borders  are  found  gold,  silver,  borax, 
chrome,  coal,  oopper,  granita,  gypsum,  in- 
fusorial earths,  iron,  kaolin,  lead,  marble, 
ocher,  petroleum,  salt,  aandatone,  slate, 
cement,  natural  gas,  plumbago,  asphal- 
tum,  bituminous  rock,  aluminium,  asbestos, 
tin,  clay,  nickel,  lime,  quicksilver,  min- 
eral paints,  sulphur,  lithographic  atone,  mica, 
platinum,  magnesia,  and  other  mineral  prod* 
nets. 

Under  or  near  each  of  these  plaster  casts 
oould  be  placed  samples  and  specimens  of  the 
crude  material  and  the  ficished  products,  illus- 
trating the  uses  to  which  they  are  put. 

In  the  case  of  the  more  prominent  substances, 
the  machinery  and  processes  used  should  be 
shown.  As  for  gold  mining,  the  common 
miner's  pan,  cradle  and  sluice,  the  hydraulic 
giant,  elevators,  etc.,  could  be  exhibited,  illus- 
trating the  appliances  connected  with  the  placer 
and  deep  gravel  mining.  Then  the  oldatyle 
arastra  driven  by  a  mule  could  be  shown  side 
by  side  with  a  modern  stamp-mill  driven  by 
water-power.  All  these  could  be  shown  at 
work  on  gravel  and  ore,  of  whioh  there  should 
be  enough  to  show  the  working  of  the  whole 
process.  Of  course  we  could  not  wash  down  a 
gravel  bank  with  a  giant,  but  large  drawings, 
paintings  and  photographs  would  serve  to  con- 
vey the  idea. 

All  this  will  cost  money,  of  course,  but  it  will 
serve  a  purpose  which  a  mere  labeled  collection 
of  ores  in  glass  cases  will  not  do.  Every  mine 
in  the  State  could  be  represented.  Models  of 
the*work  of  large  plants  could  be  made. 

This  should  all  be  attended  to  by  competent 
peraona.  In  this  connection  the  following  let- 
ter is  of  interest: 

Honorable  George  C.  Perkins,  President  of 
the  Chamber  of  Commerce — Dear  Sik:  By 
virtue  of  the  office  with  whioh  I  have  been  hon- 
ored, it  gives  me  pleasure  to  announce  to  your 
honorable  board  that  it  ia  within  my  duties  to 


look  after  and  examine  into  the  mineral 
resources  for  the  benefit  of  our  S!:ate.  I  have 
for  some  time  personally,  and  through  my  field 
assistants,  been  canvassing  in  the  mining 
counties  in  reference  to  having  a  proper  mineral 
display  at  the  World's  Fair,  and  it  Is  my  opin- 
ion that  the  different  products  should  be  sep- 
arately exhibited  with  dne  credence  to  the 
counties,  and  not  blended  as  quartz,  grain,  etc., 
by  each  oonnty.  Where  our  products  are  so 
widely  at  variance,  we  should  give  each  indus- 
try a  separate  and  decisive  display.  I  there- 
fore offer  to  your  honorable  board  my  services 
in  behalf  of  the  State  to  work  up  our  mineral 
display,  and  believe  I  can  safely  promise  both 
atamp  and  rotary  mills,  and  appliances  for 
working  ore  and  recovering  gold,  from  the 
primitive  rocker  to  the  improved  hydraulic 
elevator.     Very  truly  yours, 

William  Irelan,  Jr., 
S  .ate  Mineralogist. 
With  a  suitable  appropriation,  the  State 
Mineralogist  could  arrange  a  very  creditable 
display.  Bat  it  is  to  be  hoped  that  the  sub- 
ject will  not  be  dismissed  by  sending  a  simple 
collection  of  minerals  alone.  More  is  needed 
than  that  to  attract  attention  to  the  mining 
industries  of  California. 


The  Silver  Bill  Under  Debate. 

Senator  Jones'  silver  bill  is  still  under  debate 
in  the  U.  S.  Senate.  The  speeches  delivered 
by  Senators  Jonep,  Teller  and  Stewart  during 
the  debate  are  master  eSorts  and  win  for  them 
ucqualified  praise.  Their  presentation  of  bi 
metallism  should  disarm  opposition  and  bring 
to  its  support  the  clear  thinkers  who  are  not 
controlled  through  money  br  other  oonidera- 
tions.  The  discussion  in  Congress  and  the  so 
far  favorable  effect  of  the  advance  in  the  price 
of  silver  carry  out  quite  fully  the  Mining  and 
Scientific  Press'  heretofore  expressed  views 
of  the  natural  result  of  remonetizing  the  metal. 
The  effect  is  far-reaching,  probably  more  so 
than  even  its  most  sanguine  friends  contend 
will  follow.  There  is  no  leading  indnatry  but 
will  either  directly  or  indirectly  be  benefited  by 
silver  being  remonetized. 

To  show  how  the  question  is  viewed  abroad 
we  take  the  following  from  the  London  Moneys 
May  3d,  in  an  editorial  under  the  caption 
*'  The  Silver  Rift  in  the  Clouds  "  : 

The  rise  in  silver  has  naturally  led  to  a  rise 
in  all  silver  secnrities,  and,  not  unreasonably,  it 
has  alao  advanced  very  sharply  the  price  of 
American  railroad  securities.  Indeed,  during 
the  past  ten  dskya  there  has  been  more  bnainese 
in  the  Amerioan  market  than  has  been  seen  for 
over  a  year  in  the  same  time.  This  is  not  sur- 
prising, for  it  is  clear  that  if  the  legislation 
takes  place,  prices  of  all  kinds  must  rise.  At 
present  the  American  revenue  so  largely  ex- 
ceeds the  expenditure  that  immense  sums  are 
locked  up  in  the  Treasury.  Every  now  and 
then  a  portion  of  the  money  is  expended  in  the 
purchase  of  bonds.  But  this  leads  to  the  call- 
ing in  of  bank  notes,  or,  what  is  the  same  thing, 
the  deposit  of  an  equivalent  amount  of  coin  or 
greenbacks,  and  ttins  there  is  constant  com- 
plaint that  the  action  of  the  Treasury  is  re- 
stricting the  circulation  and  disturbing  the 
money  market.  If  the  purchases  of  silver  are 
doubled,  or  somewhat  more,  there  must  be  a 
very  large  increase  In  the  currency,  for  the 
present  coinage  of  silver  and  gold  sufGces  to 
counterbalance  the  action  of  the  Treasury,  and 
the  increased  silver  issues  will  therefore  go  to 
augment  the  currency.  Bat  with  an  augmented 
currency  at  the  rate  that  is  now  proposed  all 
prices  must  rise.  Even  if  there  is  some  delay 
in  the  passing  of  the  measure,  it  will  become 
law  before  the  autumn,  when  there  is  always  a 
great  outflow  of  coin  and  notea  from  New  York 
to  the  interior.  A  largely-increased  issue  of 
silver  notes  will  supply  tlie  South  and  the  West 
without  drawing  as  inconveniently  as  in  past 
years  upon  New  York. 

There  ought,  therefore,  to  be  much  leas 
stringency  in  the  New  York  money  market 
next  autumn  than  there  usually  ia,  and  yet  the 
South  and  the  West  will  be  fully  supplied, 
Conarqaently  specnlatoraseem  justified  in  their 
argument  that  the  result  of  the  propoaed  legis- 
lation will  be  to  assure  so  comparatively  easy 
a  money  market  next  autumn  as  to  allow  of  an 
immense  baainess  upon  the  Stock  Exchange,  as 
well  as  throughout  the  country,  and  therefore 
to  make  certain  a  sustained  rise  in  all  prices. 
An  infiition  of  the  currenoy  must  raise  wages 
and  the  price  of  commodities,  as  well  as 
securities. 

A  Big  Contract  for  the  Ri3don  —  The 
Risdon  Iron  Works  have  been  awarded  the 
contract  for  all  the  winding  machinery  for  the 
new  plant  of  the  California-Street  Railway 
Company,  The  work  will  all  be  done  in  this 
olty. 

The  two  last  carloads  of  ore  shipped  from 
PoDJade's  Spring  mine  sold  in  Salt  Like  for 
$66  per  ton  and  $190  per  ton  respectively, 
Pioohe  appears  to  have  a  paying  mine  that  is 
not  much  talked  about. 


The  Pioneers  Passing  Away. 

{f^ot.cluded  from  page  S45  ) 
many  yearp,  Mr.  Ball  was  posaesiied  of  consider- 
able other  property  in  this  city.  He  was  alao  in- 
terested In  a  large  number  of  corporations,  and 
owned  a  majority  of  the  stook  of  the  G)ld  and 
Stock  Telegraph  Company.  He  was  also  the 
owner  of  a  one-third  interest  in  the  California 
Mirket, 

He  was  considered  a  remarkably  ahrewd  man, 
careful  and  polite  in  business  matters,  and  of  a 
retiring  diapoaition. 

William  P.  Fuller,  who  died  on  Saturday  at 
the  age  of  63.  came  to  Cilifornia  In  1849, 
aronnd  the  Horn,  and  on  reaching  thia  coast 
immediately  went  to  work  in  the  mines.  He 
did  not  remain  at  that  vocation  long,  bnt  in  a 
few  years  returned  to  Sacramento  and  opened 
a  paint  and  oil  store  with  John  Rivet,  the  firm 
name  being  Rivet  &  Co.  The  business  was  con- 
tinned  nnder  that  firm  name  until  1S57,  when 
Mr,  Rivet  was  succeeded  by  Mr.  Heather.  He 
afterward  entered  into  businesa  with  Mr.  Whit- 
tier,  and  established  what  is  now  the  third 
largest  house  of  the  kind  in  the  United  S  bates. 
The  firm  deals  in  paints,  oils,  glass,  etc.,  and 
manufactures  white  lead  and  mineral  paints. 
Mr.  Fuller  was  a  man  of  gentle  manner,  and 
had  a  reputation  for  strict  integrity.  As  a 
business  man  Mr.  Fuller  was  prominently 
known,  and  by  bia  business  ability  acquired  a 
large  fortune.  The  deceased  was  a  member  of 
Golden  Gjite  Lodge  of  Masons,  and  was  alao 
identified  with  the  San  Francisco  B^ard  of 
Trade  and  Chamber  of  Commerce. 

John  H.  Redington,  who  died  on  Saturday, 
was  one  of  the  beat-known  merchants  on  the 
Pacific  Coast,  having  been  connected  with  the 
drug  firm  of  Redington  &.  Co.  He  came  to 
California  in  IS49,  and  had  been  engaged  in  the 
drug  business  in  this  city  for  nearly  40  years. 
His  was  the  pioneer  wholesale  drug  business  of 
California. 

Mr.  Redington  was  born  at  Waterville,  Ken- 
nebec oonnty,  Maine,  in  1825,  He  waa  raised 
and  educated  in  this  little  village.  The  de- 
ceased was  classed  as  one  of  the  argonauts 
who  did  much  to  lay  the  foundation  for  the 
great  State,  and  he  continued  in  the  drug  busi- 
ness until  1875.  Daring  that  year  his  health 
failed  him  and  he  sought  the  climate  of  Santa 
Barbara.  Mr.  Redington,  whoae  name  still 
clings  to  the  firm  in  this  city,  leaves  a  widow 
and  seven  children;  the  eldest  is  a  son  24  years 
of  age.  Deceased  leaves  a  fortune  estimated  to 
be  about  $1,000,000. 


Yellowstone  Park. 


The  Yellowstone  Njcional  Park  is  in  the  ex- 
treme northwestern  portion  of  Wyoming  Terri- 
tory. Its  area  is  between  4000  and  5000  fquare 
miles.  The  Park  plateau,  with  the  adjacent 
mountains,  preaente  a  sharply-defined  region, 
in  strong  contrast  with  the  rest  of  the  northern 
Rocky  Mountains.  It  stands  out  boldly  by 
itself,  unique  In  topographical  structure  and 
complete  as  a  geological  problem.  The  central 
portion  of  the  Yellowstone  Park  is  essentially  a 
broad,  elevated,  volcanic  plateau,  between 
7000  and  8500  feet  above  aea-level,  and  with  an 
average  elevation  of  about  8000  feet.  Sur- 
rounding it  on  the  south,  east,  north  and 
northwest,  are  mountain  ranges  with  culminat- 
ing peaks  and  ridges  rising  from  200J)  to  4000 
feet  above  the  general  level  of  the  inclosed 
table-laud.  South  of  the  Park  the  Tetons 
stand  out  prominently,  the  grandest  peaks  on 
the  northern  Rooky  Mountains.  To  the  east- 
ward lies  the  well-known  Wind-river  range. 
Along  the  entire  eastern  side  of  the  Park 
stretches  the  Abaaroka  range.  At  the  north- 
eaat  corner  a  confuaed  m^as  of  mountains  con- 
nects this  range  with  the  snowy  range.  The 
Gallatin  range  incloaes  the  Park  on  the  north 
and  northwest. 

The  scenery  throughout  the  region  ia  inspir- 
ing and  wonderful.  The  canyons,  falls,  lakes, 
geysera  and  rivera  mnat  be  aeen  to  be  appreci- 
ated. A  brief  description  within  the  province 
of  a  newspaper  article  wonld  fail  to  do  the  sub- 
J30t  justice.  The  map  given  on  the  first  page 
was  made  by  Arnold  Hague  of  the  U.  S.  Geo- 
logical Survey,  who  has  contributed  a  paper  on 
the  geology  of   the   diatriot   to   the  Am.  Inst. 

.  E.  The  map  will  give  an  idea  of  the  gen- 
eral geographical  features  of  the  Bect'on. 

All  the  miners  at  the  R^slyn  coal  mines, 
Wash,,  have  signed  contracts  for  another  year. 


May  24,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


353 


The  Deep  Gold  Placers  of  California. 

(Conrlud*'d /roTtt  pa^f  ^-J?.) 

The  following  ootes  oo  the  Mutr  glaoier  of 
Alaska  Are  aeleoted  from  the  very  iatorestiag 
work  of  Prof.  Wright  of  Oberltn,  Oaio,  *•  The 
Ice  Age  ID  North  America  "  : 

'*Tbia  DOW  celebrated  glacier  liei  Id  latitade 
58  50  DOrth  aod  loDgitade 
Klti  40  west  of  Oreeawtch. 
Ttveoty-tire  or  thirty  smaU 
ialaodB,  the  Baardsloe  isl- 
ands, Dear  the  mouth  of 
GUoier  bay,  oompoaod  of 
looee  materiil  (glacial  det- 
ritnr),  ahow  a  atrikiDK  oon- 
traat  with  other  ooaat  isl- 
anda. 

"The  width  of  the  ice 
where  the  glacier  breaks 
throngh  between  the 
moaDtaina  is  10,664  feet. 
The  rmxin  body  of  the  gla* 
oier  oooapiea  a  vast  ampbl* 
theater,  with  diameters 
varying  from  liO  to  40  milci. 
The  depth  of  water  300 
yards  eoath  of  the  ice 
front  is  GIG  feet,  aDd  the 
altitude  of  the  ice  front 
itself,  t250  feet.  A  short 
diataDOe  back,  the  general 
highl  i»  403  feet.  Seven 
mllea  from  the  front,  on 
the  ice,  the  aUitnde  ia 
found  to  be  1050  feet  above 
the  bay." 

There  are  many  reaeona 
to  believe  that  great  bodies 
of  glacial  ice  once  existed 
in  the  moaDtaina  of  C^li- 
fornia,  io  iolaod  baaina 
and  aloDg  the  seacoaat. 

The  glacial  area  of 
Sffitzarlond  is   000  cqiiare 


the  mountain  valleys.  Id  high  altitudes  tbey 
reaoh  the  sea;  in  Switzerland  some  extend  for 
30  miles  more  or  leas  aod  have  a  width  of  a 
mile  or  more,  and  are  often  as  much  aa  SCO  feet 
in  thickneas.  The  aecond  order  seldom  extend 
below  the  deep  canyons  In  which  they  are 
formed.  Those  of  the  third  order  are  called 
reoemeiited  cliiclere;  they  are  built  up  of    frau- 


aod  the  flow  are  in  cquilibriam.  During  an 
nnaaaaUy  favorable  aeaaOD  they  advance  and 
push  the  moraines  of  former  years  bodily  for- 
ward with  reaiatlesa  power.  In  a  warm  aeaaon 
a  glacier  reoedea.  When  a  aeaaon  ia  wet,  and 
an  unusual  fall  of  sdow  ocoura  during  the 
winter,  it  ia  elongated. 

The    motiuu    of    the    glaciera,  like   that  of  a 


Fig.  10.— MER    DB  GLiACB. 


.\ 


FiB.  11. -GLACIER    OP    ALETSOH. 


milea.  The  Aletacb  gla- 
cier is  the  largest,  being 
fifteen   mtlea   long.      The 

grandest    gUcial  maas    is 

that  of  the  Bsrntna  chain; 

the    glacier     oovers    330 

Fqaare  miles, 

Biederker  thna  wrote: 

*'  The    Rhone   glacier    ia 

nine  miles  long  and  rises 

terraoe*like,  resembling  a 

gigantic  waterfall  sudden- 
ly  arrested   in   its  career 

by   the   ioy  hand  of  some 

Alpine   enchanter." 

The  present    glaciers  of 

the  Alps  are   believed  to 

be  the  ahrnnken  remains 

of  far  greater  ancient  gla- 

ciation. 

According   to  Prof, 
Wright,  ''The  indioationa 

that  the  Muir  glacier  ia 
receding  and  that  its  vol- 
ume is  diminiBbing,  are 
indisputable  and  numer- 
oas.  It  ia  not  incredible 
that  glaciers  filled  the 
whole  bay  100  years  ago." 
The  decay  and  retire- 
ment of  the  great  CiU- 
fornia  glaciers  moat  have 
been  extremely  gradual, 
and  daring  the  laat 
Btagea,  their  power  being 
feeble,  instead  of  pushing 
the  rocks  before  them  in 
gigantic  ridges  as  they 
did  in  their  prime,  they 
left  the  bowlder  clay  in 
the  old  channels.  After 
their  recBSsioo,  the  great 

depreaaiona  were  filled  with  water  and  the  de- 
posit of  pipeclay  began  and  continued  until  the 
overflowing  dyke  of  eruptive  mud  covered 
them  aa  we  now  find  them. 

General  Description. 
A  glacier   la   a    river   of  ioe.     Aooording  to 
Geike,  there  are  three  varietiea,  the  first  order 
extending  from  the  snow  of  the  summits   to 


Fig.  19. -GREENLAND    INLAND    lOB. 


m^nta  which  would  be  iceberge  under  other 
conditiona,  but  n  ,w  fall  from  ice  oliffa  and  be- 
come by  regelation  a  solid  mass,  in  turn  gov- 
erned by  the  same  laws,  which  move  alowly 
downward  like  the  glaciers  of  the  second  class. 
Such  a  glacier  observed  by  Geike  in  Arctic 
Norway  was  fed  by  a  eucceasion  of  avalanches 
from  those  above, 
Glaoiera  move  downward   until  liquefac.  Ion 


river,  ia  unequal,  being  greater  in  the  center 
and  near  the  surface  than  along  the  aides  and 
bottom.  The  rapidity  of  the  flow  depends  on  the 
declivity.  The  daily  flow  of  the  Mer  de  Glace  in 
summer  is  20  to  27  feet  in  the  center  and  13  to 
20  feet  at  the  sides.  The  glacier  at  JaeobahagRn 
on  the  west  coast  of  Greenland  flows  48  to  69 
feet  daily  in  August 
Bat  the  liquefaotion  below  is  aonatantly  aup- 


plied  by  the  falling  enow  above,  and  the  grinding 
and  crushing  of  rocka  goea  on  for  centuries 
without  ccBDation.  Glaciers  drain  the  anow 
accumulationa  above  the  anow-line  aa  rivers  do 
the  wateraheda  below. 

Moraines  are  accumulations  of  earthy  debrie 
oaused  by  a  glacier.  A  terminal  moraine  is  a 
ridge  exteodiog  across  a  villey  io  which  a 
glacier  Ilea.  It  ta  moatly  composed  of  btocka 
and  rock  fragmenta  which  have  been  borne 
down  on  the  ice  and  dropped  over  the  ioe  cliff 
whiob  marka  the  termination  of  the  glacier. 

It  ia  alao  paitly  earth  nnd  till,  puahed  for- 
ward by  the  moving  ice.  These  moraines  are 
sometimes  so  large  that  they  are  regarded  aa 
conaiderable  billa  or  even  low  mountaina. 
Those  of  extinct  glaciers  mark  their  former 
position.  Tbey  are  atudied  with  great  interest 
by  geologists.  A  lateral  moraine  is  a  Btmilar 
gathering  aomewhat  elevated  by  preaBure,  on 
which  la  piled  oruahed  rocka  as  in  the  oaae  of 
the  termioals.  These  aocumulatioDa  rise  high 
above  the  ioe  surface. 

Conditions    Under    Wbtch    G.aclera    May 

Exist. 

The  following  oondiiions  must  exist  before  a 
deposit  of  enow  can  become  a  true  glacier:  It 
muBt  lie  on  ao  inclinei  surface  at  a  conaiderable 
altitude,  in  a  climate  aufficiently  humid  to  in- 
aure  heavy  falls  of  anow  at  intervale,  followed 
by  periods  of  warmth  during  which  a  portion 
of  the  ice  ia  reduced  to  water. 

Heat  is  as  essential  to  this  cooditioo  as  cold; 
a  sheet  of  ice  or  anow  without  accretion,  on  a 
perfectly  level  aurfaop,  at  a  oonetant  temper- 
ature of  ziro,  could  do  no  work;  but  in  a 
mountain  canyon  of  sulH  :ieut  dimensions,  when 
the  snow  accumulations  are  great,  it  is  rne  of 
the  most  powerful  agencies  known  to  the  j;eolo- 
giat. 

Aa  the  lower  portion  ia  melted  and  paaaes 
away,  the  icy  atream  flows  down,  slowly  to  be 
sure,  but  with  resiatleas  force,  grinding  the 
hardest  rocks  to  mud,  scooping  out  deep  chan- 
nels, often  forming  basins  which  become  lake- 
beds  when  the  glaciers  retire,  which  they  gen- 
erally do  in  time  and  with  a  change  of  climate. 

Were  it  not  for  the  constant  fall  of  anow  at 
the  head  of  the  glacier,  and  the  extreme  alow- 
nesB  with  which  the  ice  river  flows^  this  action 
would  be  brief. 

There  are  two  kinds  of  ice — snow  ice  and 
water  ice.  One  is  compressed  and  partly  melted 
anow,  the  other  frozen  bodies  of  water.  Rscent 
anow  on  mountain'slopes  above  the  snow  line 
gradually  assumes  granular  structure  which 
merges  at  last  into '*nev>^."  This  ia  a  name 
given  in  Switzerland  to  aemi-ioe  in  a  atate  be- 
tween newly  fallen  anow  and  glacial  ice  ;  it 
la  gradually  consolidated  and  filled  with  air 
globules,  sand  and  mud.  When  in  large  masses 
it  is  blue  in  color,  and  sometimes  shows  a 
veined  structure,  alternating  in  bands  of  white 
ice  full  of  air  bubbles  and  transparent  blue  ice. 

Beneath  the  surface  of  the  Glacier  des  Bos- 
sons  in  the  Valley  of  ChamouDl,  which  I  visited 
in  1872,  a  tunnel  had  been  driven.  The  effect 
within  was  that  of  daylight  iltuminatioD  through 
windows  of  light  blue  glass.  This  color  la 
probably  dae  to  the  decomposition  of  light  or 
to  polarized  light,  and  not  to  any  actual  color 
of  the  ice  itself. 

Neve  contlnnes  to  the  snow  line  and  beoomee 
glacier  ice  below,  which  is  often  transparent. 

Newly  fallen  snow  is  white,  not  from  any  in- 
herent color  it  poaseaeea,  but  from  refraction  of 
light  from  the  numerous  air  bnbblea  entangled 
in  the  snow  crystals  at  their  birth,  for  the  same 
reason  that  milk  is  white,  although  the  fat 
globules  are  transparent. 

Daring  the  midday  heat  of  summer  the  anow, 
partly  melting,  yields  up  the  air  bubbles  and 
by  its  weight  becomes  semi-ice,  a  change  which 
takes  place  in  the  bands  of  the  schoolboy  when 
be  quickly  fashions  the  hard  anowball,  which 
he  could  not  do  with  all  his  akill  on  a  cold  day 
with  newly  fallen  snow. 

In  Greenland,  different  conditiona  exiet.  The 
great  ice  sheet  doea  not  wholly  follow  inclined 
planes,  but  sometimea  flowa  np  the  sides  of 
ridgee;  snow  accumulatee  inland,  the  weight  of 
which  causes  it  to  fl  jw  in  every  direction  from 
the  center  toward  the  only  point  of  lees  resiet- 
ance,  the  eeasbcre.  The  watm  peacoafit  can&ea 
the  ice  to  become  softer  and  to  offer  leea  resist- 
ance to  the  pressure  from  the  center. 

There  are  no  moraines  on  the  inland  ice  of 
Greenland  except  where  a  few  high  points  pro- 
ject above  the  ice  sheet  which  (xtends  for  an 
unknown  distance  inlacd  and  lies  on  a  plain 
sloping  to  the  ocean.  As  it  flows  into  the  sea, 
it  breaks  off  at  intervals  at  the  crevaRses,  and 
forms  icebergs  iu  cliffs  from  1000  to  2000  feet 
high,  which  float  away  and  meet  in  semi- 
tropical  seas. 

Fig.  12  represents  the  Greenland  inland  ice. 
It  ia  reproduced  from  "Science  for  All,"  Vol- 
ume 5. 

The  snow  line  ia  a  weIl-d(flDed  horfz^n  above 
which  anow  does  not  wholly  melt  during  the 
aummer.  The  anow  line  in  the  Alps  liea  at 
an  elevation  of  8500  feet  above  sea  level.  In 
the  Andes  it  is  18,000  feet,  and  on  the  northern 
slopes  of  the  Hinrialaya  19  000  feet.  It  varies 
aomewhat  with  change  of  aeaaon,  latitude  and 
elevation. 

There  ia  likely  to  be  trouble  from  atrikes  at 
the  Duosmair  collieries.  There  Is  to  be  a  meet- 
ing between  the  miners  and  colliery  ownera 
next  Monday. 


Nineteen  men  were  killed  laat  week  by  an 
explosion  in  the  Ashley  coal  mines  at  Wilkes* 
barre,  Pa. 


354 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Mat  24,  1890 


Be  FillsterilBief  Scale  BesDlM, 

fS-ThieRieoWentlS  NOT  AN  EXPERIMENT  but  a  FACT,  and  it  will  do  the  work 
flUimcd  for  it  at  a  LESS  EXPENSE  than  any  other  boiler  purge,  AND  IN  NO  MANNER 
INJURE    THE    IRON. 

CARNBGIB  BRf^THERS  &  CO.,  PROPRIETORa  OF   ECGAR   THOMSON   STEEL    WORKS,  > 
PITTSBDRGH,  PA.      WoRKS  AT  BRAUDOCR.  Oct.  4,  l&i?.        j 

We  use  the  Pittsburgh  "Boiler  Scale  Reeolvent,"  and  are  well  satisfied  with  the  results  obtained  We  have 
tested  nearlj  all  Corapouads  preseoted  to  us,  and  this  one  is  the  only  good  tlilogr  we  have  ever  Ti8«»d. 
Our  feed-water  is  heated  in  Berryman  Heateia,  but  owing  to  distance  ol  heaters  from  hollers,  we  rarely  exceed  150 
degrees  of  heat  in  feed-water. 

Our  water  is  of  the  worst  character,  containing  such  bad  impurities  as  sulphate  of  lime,  carbonate  of 
lime,  mud,  and  everything  that  is  bad.  Very  truly  yours,  WM.  K.  JONES,  Gen.  Supt. 

No  water  in  the  United  States  produces  scale  in  greater  quantity  or  of  a  harder  nature  than 
the  Monongahela  River,  oontaining  SULPHATE  and  CARBONATE  of  lime,  iron,  MAGNESIA, 
SILICATE,  SULPHUR,  ALUMINUM,  etc.  The  following  well-known  mannfaotnrera,  who 
are  large  steam  users  IN  PITTSBURGH,  and  using  the  water  from  said  river  as  boiler-feed  for 
all  their  boilers,  USE  THIS  RESOLVENT  in  their  steam  plant,  and  to  whom  reference  is  hereby 
made:  Carnegie  Brothers  &  Co.,  Proprietors  of  the  Edgar  Thomson  Steel  Works;  Dilivorth, 
Porter  &  Co, 's  Spike  Works;  and  Oliver  and  Robert's  Wire  Co. ;  and  many  other  firms  in  the 
great  manufacturing  center  WHERE  THE  RESOLVENT  IS  MADE.  Reference  is  also  given 
to  Robert  McMahon,  Boiler  Inspector  for  Alleghany  Co.,  Penn.,  and  to  the  following  Railway 
Companies  who  use  it  on  their  locomotives:  Kansas  City,  Fort  Scott  &  Gulf  Railroad;  Central 
Iowa;  Mexican  Central;  Delaware,  Lackawanna  &  Western ;  Burlington,  Cedar  Rapids  &  Northern, 
Terre  Haute  &  Indianapolis;  Mexican  National;  and  Dsuver  &  Rio  Grande  Western. 

Upon  receipt  of  order,  WITH  THE  PROMISE  OP  FAITHFULLY  CARRYING  OUT 
THE  PRINTED  DIRECTIONS,  we  will  furnish,  FOR  FIRST  INTRODUCTION,  a  Birrel, 
or  Half  Barrel,  of  the  Resolvent,  and  the  invoice  will  bear  the  following  stamp: 

(  TO  BE  PAID  FOR  ^HEN  RESOLVENT  \ 
I  PROVES  ENTIRELY  SATISFACTORY.  | 


L.  C.  MARSHUTZ 


T.  G.  CANTKELL. 


FOR  SALE  ONLY  BY 


TATUM    &    BOWEN 


Sole  Agents  for  the  Pacific  Coast, 

Dealers    in    Improved    Wood-Working    Machinery, 

Saw  Mill  MacMnery,  Eniiiies,  Boilers,  Iroi-WorMng  MacMnerF,  SiDlies,  Etc, 

Sole  Agents  for  Hoe  Chisel  Tooth  Saw,  Gardner  Governor, 

Schultz  Leather  Belting,  Etc. ,  Etc. 

34  &  36  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco.        85  Front  St.,  Portland,  Or. 

il^'If  in  want  of  Machinery  of  any  description,  write  ne  for  Descriptive  Ciroulara  and  Prices. 


Rock  Drilling  and  Air  Compressing 
Machinery 

For  TUNNELS,  QUARRIES,  MINES,  RAILROADS 

And  Wherever  Ore  and  Jiock  are  to  be  Drilled  and  Blasted, 

IS"  SEND    POK    NEW    CATAI,OGUE    OF    1880.  "SS 


RAND    DRILL  CO 

23  Park  Place,  New  York,  U.  S.  A. 


ESTABLISHED    1866. 


Pacific  Chemical  Works. 

HENRY    G.    HANKS, 

Practical  and  Industrial  Cheiist,  Assayer 
and  Geologist, 

718  MONTGOMERY  ST., 


SAN  FRANCISCO. 


1^ Will  report  on  the  condition  and  value  ot  any  mining;  property  on 
the  Pacific  Coast.  Rare  Chemloals  made  to  order.  InatructionB  given  In 
ABHayine  and  Praotloal  CbemlBtry 


ADAMANTINE  SHOES  &  DIES 

FOR    STAMP    MILLS. 

These  SHOKS  and  DIES  are  in  extensive  use  in  all  the  mining  States  and 
Titories  of  North  and  South  America.  Guaranteed  to  prove  better  and  cheaper 
,11  any  othtra,    Orders  Golicited,  subject  to  above 

iditions.  * 

— MANUFACTIIRED    BY— 

(HROME  STEEL'WORKS,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 
H.  D.  MORRIS,  Agent, 

220  Freiiiout  Street,  Sau  FranciBco,  Cal, 


iiiiiiiiai 


opecial  attention  given  to  the  purchase  of  Mine  and  Mill  Supplies 


DEWEY  &  CO.  {^='ail',i?,?.Tal?i.Si'}  PATENT  AGENTS, 


NATIONAL  IRON  WORKS 

N.  W.  Corner  Main  and  Howard  Sts.,  San  Francisco, 

- — MANUFACTURERS    OF 

Stationary  and  Compound  Engines,  Flour,  Sugar,  Saw 
and  Quartz  Mill  Machinery. 

AMALGAMATING  MACHINES.     CASTINGS  AND  FORCINGS  ^LXrZ. 

ALL    WORK    TESTED    AND    GUARANTEED. 

IMPROVED    PORTABLE    HOISTING    ENGINES. 


NATIONAL  ROCKER  aUARTZ  MILL. 

KENDALL'S  PATENT,  AUGUST  24,  1886. 
O..A.3E>.A.C:!Xnr~S'.    Xa     rroxis     in.     2-3=     ZXou.i^is.      3    XX.    :£*. 

MARSHUTZ  &  CANTRELL,  Sole  Manufacturers. 

The  Patentee  and  Manufacturers 
cordially  invite  miners  to  critically 
examine  and  pass  judgment  upon 
this  improved  system  of  millings 
and  amalgamating  ores  in  the  fol- 
lowing particulars: 

1.  The  cost  is  less  than  one-half  of 
stamps  of  same  capacity. 

2.  The  freight  to  mine  is  less  than 
one-half  of  stamps. 

3.  The  coat  of  erecting  is  less  than 
one-fourth  of  stamps. 

4.  The  power  to  drive  it  Is  less  than 
one-half  of  stamps. 

^  6.  The  wear  is  less  than  one-quar- 

~~  ter  of  stamps. 

6.  There  is  no  wear  except  on 
shoes  and  dies. 

7.  lu  point  of  amalgamation  it  Is 
superior  to  any  other  machine 
in  use. 

8.  In  its  simplichiyot  construction. 

We  challenge  competition  with 
Stamps,  Ball  Pulverizers  or  and 
other  ore  crushing  maohines  now 
before  thQ  public. 

S^SenO.  for  Circulars  and  Price  List.  MARSHUTZ    &    OANTEELL. 


Vulcan  Iron  "Works, 

135-145  Fremont  St.,  Sari  Francisco,  Oal. 

Mining  Machinery.  Steam  Engines. 


STAMP  BATTERIES, 

PANS  AND  SETTLERS, 

ROCK  BREAKERS,  ETC.,  ETC. 


SAW-MILL 

cable-road  .   i-machinery. 
rehrigeratingJ 


1, 


Special  Machinery  to  Order. 

AERIAL    WIRE    ROPEWAYS. 

(7uicaa  Patent  System) 

SINGLE,   ENDLESS    TRAVELING   ROPE. 

ElevatPd  on  Wooden  Posts,  from  150  to  2000  feet  apart, 
conveying  Buckets  of  Ore,  uoal,  Wood,  etc. 


Ko  Possibility  of  I.oad  Slipping. 

Cheapest  Form  of  Transportation. 


No  road  needed;    can  be  run  vertically.    No  power 
needed  if  angle  of  descent  be  more  than  8  degrees. 


CAN   SJPAN   GUI-OHES   3000   F££T  WIDE. 


LIDGERWOOD  MFG.  GO. 


■  MANUFACTURERS  OF  - 


ililiHWeiNES 


i»cax*.  iMX3xriawc3r   x'ttm'osejs 

300  Styles  am  Sizes,  Over  6000  m  Use, 

96  Liberty  St  .  New  YorV. 

34  &  86  West  itfonroe  St ,  Cbieago. 

X97  to  203  Congress  St.,  Boston. 


PARKE  &  UCY  CO., 

A  cents, 
SAN  FRANCISCO.  C*X,TFORNIA  \ 

Send  for  Catalogue. 


GEORGE    GOODMAN, 

PATENTEE  AND  feANUFACTUEEK  OF 

IN     All,     ITS     BRANCHES. 

Schillinger's  Patent  Side-Walk  and  Garden-Walk  a  Specialty. 

OFPICH,  807  MONTOOMBBY  STBEBT,   NEVADA   BLOCK,   SAN   FEANOI300,  OAL. 


May  24,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


356 


AMALGAMATING  MACHINERY, 

stamp  Mills  for  Wet  or  Dry  Crushing. 
Huntiagton  Centrifugal  Quartz  Mill.  Drying 
Cylinders.  Amalgamating  Pans,  Settlers, 
Agitators  and  Cor;centrators.  Retorts,  Bul- 
lion and  Ingot  Moulds,  Conveyors.  Elevators, 
Bruckners  and  Howell's  Improved  White's 
Roasting  Furnaces,  Etc. 


FRASER  &  CHALMERS, 

MINING  MACHINERY 


iMPRovio  CORLISS  vaTv^b'sV^I,.  ENGINES.     «     BOILERS 


CONCENTRATING  MACHINERY. 

Blake,  Dodgeand  Comet  Crushers.  Cornish 
Crushing  and  Finishing  Rolls.  Hartz  Plunger 
and  Collom  Jigs.  Frue  Vanner  &  Embrey 
Concentrators.  Evans',  Calumet,  Collom's 
and  Rittengcr's  Slime  Tables.  Trommels. 
Wire  Cloth  and  Punched  Plates.  Ore  Sam- 
ple  Grinders  and  Heberfe  Mills. 


HORIZONTAL.    VERTICAL 
.  .  .  AND  SECTIONAL.  .  .  . 


-xTi^w^t^^mis^   mitmM.^i!£   s^ikn^E^s 


Hoisting  Engines, 
Safety  Cages, 

Safety  Hoolts, 

Ore  CARS,  Water  &  Ore 
BUCKETS, 

Air  Compressors, 

Rock  Drills,  Etc. 

GENERAL  MILL  AND 
MINING  SUPPLIES,  ETC. 
Sectional  Machinery 

FOR 

VIULE-BACK 

TRANSPORTATION. 


Pumping  Engmes 

and  Cornish 

Pumping  Machinery, 

IMPROVED 
WATER    JACKET 

Blast  Furnaces  for 
Calena&CopperOres, 

SLAG  CARS  AND  POTS, 

Roots  &  Bal(er 
Pressure  Blowers, 

SUSPENDED 

TRAMWAYS. 


General  Offices  and  Works:     FULTON  AND  UNION   STS.,  CHICAGO,   iLL. 


BRANCH  OFFICES 

Calle  de  Juarez, 


NEW  YORK,  Room  43,  No.  2  Wall  St.        DENVER,  COLO.,  1316  Eighteenth  St.       SALT  LAKE   CITY,  UTAH, 
7  W.  Second  South   St.       LONDON,  ENC,  23  Bucklersbury,  E.  C.       CHIHUAHUA   CITY,    MEXICO,  No.  t  I 
LIMA,  PERU,  South  America.        JOHANNESBURG,  TRANSVAAL,  South  Africa. 

HKLENA,  MONTANA,  Uoom  38,  Sferchants'  National  Bank  Bajlcllog,  No.  Nortli  Main  St, 
SOL'S    WESTERN    AQBNTS    FOR    TYLER    WIRE    WORKS    DOUBIjE    ORIMPWD    MINING    CLOTHS. 


THE     PELTOIT     WATER     "WHEEL 

GIVES    THE    HIGHEST     EFFICIENCY    OF    ANY     WHEEL    IN     THE    WORLD. 


OVER  800  ALREADY  IN  USE. 

Affords  the  Most  Simple  and  Reliable  Power  for  all 
MiniDg  and   Manufaoturing   Machinery. 

Adapted  to  heads  running  from  20  up  to  2,000  feet. 

From  12  to  20  per  cent  better  results  guaranteed  than 
can  be  produced  from  any  other  Wheel  in  the  Conntry. 

ELECTRIC  TRANSMISSION. 

Power  rom  these  "Wheels  can  be  tranemitted  long 
distances  with  small  loss,  and  is  now  extensively  used  in 
alljparta  of  the  country  for  generating  both  power  and 
light. 

APPLICATIONS 

Should  state  amount,  and  head  of  water,  power  required, 
and  for  what  purpose  ;  with  approximate  length  of  pipe  ; 
also,  whether  the  application  is  with  reference  to  Wheels 
or  Motors  described  below.     SEND  FOR  CIRCULARS. 

The  Pelton  Water  Wheel  Co. 

121  MAIN  ST.,  SAU  PEANCISCO,  CAI. 

Varying  from  the  fraction  of  1  up  to  15  and  20-hor8e  power,     UueqnalRd   for   all   light-runnin&r   machinery.     Warranted  to  develop  a  given 
amount  of  power  with  one-half  the  water  required  by  any  other.     ^  SEND  FOR  MOTOR  CIRCULAR.     ADDRESS  AS  ABOVE. '^ 


OKT      "W.A.TES 


JAMES    LBFFBL'S 

Mining  Turbine  Water  Wheel. 

These  Wheels  are  designed  for  all  purposes  where  limited  quantities  of  water  and 
high  heads  are  utilized,  and  are  guaranteed  to  give  more  power  with  leas  water  than 
any  other  wheel  made.  Being  placed  on  horizontal  shaft,  the  power  is  transmitted 
direct  to  shafting  by  helta,  dispensing  with  gearing. 

Estimates  furnished  on  application  for  wheels  specially  built  and  adapted  in 
capacity  to  suit  any  particular  case. 

Further  information  can  be  obtained  of  this  form  of  construction,  as  well  as  the 
ordinary  Vertical  Turbines  for  Wooden  Penstocks  and  in  Iron  Globe  Cases,  free  of  coat, 
by  applying  to  the  manufacturere. 


JAMBS    LEPFEL    &    CO., 


Springfield,  Ohio, 


or  110  Liberty  St.,  New  York. 


FRA3ER    &    OHALMEBS,  General  Aeenta, 

Chlcaero,  111.,  and  Denver,  CoL 

PARKE    A    LACY,  General  Agents,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


The  Best  Mining  District 

On  the  Pacific  Coast  I 

GRASS   VALLEY,  OAL. 


THE  BEST  NEWSPAPER  published  in  the   district  i» 

Daily  and  Weekly  edition.  Gives  all  the  Minirg  News. 
Dealers  in  Mining  Machinery  and  Mining  Supplies  will 
find  THE  TIDINGS  the  best  medium  for  directly  reach- 
ing the  owners  or  raanagfrs  of  mines.  Investors  in 
mmes  will  Qnd  it  to  their  advantage  to  subscribe. 

Many-3iUincs  are  in  successful  opcraiioiLi^nd  new 
enterprises  are  being  instituted  and  many  others  arc  in 
cdncemplation. 

DAILY,  §6  00  a  year;  WEEKLY,  S2  50,  in  admnce. 
H.  S.  SPaULDING,  Publisher. 

T.  C.  HOCKING,  Editor. 


'  their  Patents  through  Dewey  &Co.'8 
MmiMQ  txn  SoiBHiifio  Frbsb  Fateut  Agenoy,  No.  220 
Ifuket  at,  8.  7. 


THOMAS  PRICE  &  SON, 

Assay  Office,  Chemical  Laboratory, 

BULLION  ROOMS  and  ORE  FLOORS, 

524  Sacramento  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

COIN  RETURNS  ON  ALL  BULLION  DEPOSITS  IN  24  HOURS. 

WORKING    TESTS    OF    ORES    BY    ALL    PROCESSES. 

SPECIAL  ATTENTION  PAID  TO  CONCENTRATION  OF  ORES. 
Ores  Received  on  Oonsignment,  Sampled,  Assayed,  and  Disposed 
of  in  the  Open  Market  to  the  Highest  Bidder. 


(fletalllirgy  apd  Ore?. 


SELBY 

SMELTING  and  LEAD  CO.. 

41S  Montgomery  St.,  San  Francisco. 

GOLD    AND    SILVER    REFINERY 
And  Assay  Office. 

Highest  Pricea  Paid  for  Gold,  Silver  and 
Lead  Ores  and  Solphnrets. 

—  .HANDPAOTURIRa  0F.-« 

BLUESTONE, 

LEAD  PIPE, 

SHEET  LEAD, 

SHOT,  Etc.,  Etc. 

ALSO  UANUFAOTORRKS    01^ 

Standard    Shot-Gun    Cartridges, 

Under  Chamberliu  Patent 


JOHN  TAYLOR  &  CO.. 

IHPOKTBIUJ  AND   DBALHR8   IN 

ASSAYERS'    MATERIALS,    MINE 
AND  MILL  SUPPLIES, 

ALSO  CHEMICALS,   AND    PHYSICAL.  SCHOOL    AND 

CHEMICAL  APPARATUS. 
63  &  65  First  St.,  cor.  Mission, Sau  Francisco. 
Ay--^      We  would  call  the  attention  of  ^^^^^^-l^::^;^ 

^  '      Aasayera,  Chemlete,  Mining  Com-  Cc^t^C^g£?v 
panies,  Milling  Companies,  Proa-  ^BWteRS^' 
pectora,  etc.,  to  our  full  stock  of     \::-— -r^ 
Balances,  FarDaces,    Muffles,  Crucibles,   Soori- 
flers,    etc.,    including,    also,  a   full    stock    of 
Chemicals. 

Having  been  engaged  in  furnishing  these  aup- 
plies  slnoc  the  first  discovery  of  mines  on  the 
Pacific  Coast,  we  feel  confident  from  our  experi- 
ence wo  can  well  suit  the  demand  for  these 
goods,  both  as  to  quality  and  price. 

Agents  for  the  Morg^an  Crucible  Co., 
Battorsea,  England.  Also  for  E.  O.  Dennis* 
ton's  Silver  Plated  Amalgam  Plates.  The  plates 
of  this  well-known  manufacturer  are  thoroughly  rella* 
ble,  and  full  weight  of  Silver  guaranteed.  Orders  taken 
at  his  lowest  prices.  Our  Illustrated  Catalogue  and  Ah 
say  Tables  sent  free  on  application. 

JOHN  TAYLOB  *  OO. 


Nevada  Metallurgical  Works. 

NO.  28  STEVENSON  STREET. 

Near  First  and  Market  Streets,  8.  F. 

0.  A.  LnOKHARDT,  Manager.  Establibhbd  18(U>. 

Orea  worked  by  any  Prooesa, 
Ores  Sampled. 

Assaying  in  all  its  Branches. 
Analyses  of  Ores,  Minerals,  Waters,  eto. 
Working  Teats  (practical)  Made. 
Plans  and  Specifications  furnished  (or  tfae- 
most  suitable  Process  for  Working  Ores. 

Special  attention  paid   to  Examinationa   of 
Mines;  Plans  and  Reports  furnished. 

O.  A.  LUOKHARDT  Si  CO^ 
(Formerly  Hubn  An  Luckhardt, 
Mlnlnff  Enslneers  and  Metallurstlsta. 


GREAT    REDUCTION! 

BATTERY    SCREENS. 

Best  and  Cheapest  In  America. 

No  imitation,  no  deception,  no  planished  or  rotten 
Iron  used.  Only  genuine  Kusaia  iron  In  Quartz  Screens. 
Planished  iron  screens  at  nearly  half  my  former  rates. 

I  ha\e  a  large  supply  of  Battery  Screens  on  hand 
suitable  for  the  Huntington  and  all  Stamp  Mills,  which  I 
will  sell  at  So  per  oent  discount. 


PERFORATED  SHEET  METAL 

For  Flour  and  Rice  Mills,  Grain  Separators,  Revolving 
and  Shot  Screens,  Stamp  Batteries  and  all  kinds  of  Min 
Ing  and  Milling  Machinery.  Iron,  Steel,  Copper,  Brass. 
Zinc  and  other  metal»  punched  for  all  uses. 

Inventor  and  Manufacturer  of  the  celebrated  Slot  Cut 
or  burred  and  Slot  Punched  Screens. 

Mining  Screens  a  specialty,  from  No.  1  to  16  (UneJ. 
Orders  promptly  attended  to. 

San  Francisco  Pioneer  Screen  Works, 

231  St.  233  First  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

JOHN  W.  QUICK.  Proprietor. 


WINCHESTER  HOUSE. 


a  Third  Street, 


San  Francisco,  Cal, 


This  Fire  proof  Brifk  Buildinfr  is  centrally  located,  in 
tile  liealtiiiest  (art  of  tiie  city,  only  a  ball  block  fr'>m  tile 
Grand  and  Palace  Hotels,  and  close  to  ail  steamboat  and 
Railroad  Offices. 

Laund  ry  Free  for  the  use  of  Families. 

HOT  AND  COLB  BATHS  FBEE. 


Terms,  Board  and  Room,  $1.00  per  Day 

And  Upward. 

Eooms  with  or  without  Board, 

Free  Coach  to  the  Honse, 


■■ 


356 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[May  24,  1890 


List  of  U.  S.  Patents  for  Pacific  Coast 
Inventors. 

Reported  by  Dewey  &  Co.,  Pioneer  Patent 
Solicitors  for  PaclSc  Coast. 

FOR  WEEK  ENDING  MAY  I3,   l8go. 

427,653. — Watch— H.  Albert,  Lauenstein,  Ger- 
many, 

427  660.— Thrashing  Machine— Jas.  E.  Beach, 
Rouiier,  Cal. 

427,672.— Monkey-Wrench—H.  B.  Gary,  Los 
Angeles,  Gal. 

427  835.- Wapfle-Iron  Handle— E.  H.  Ches- 
terton, Los  Angeles,  Cal. 

427,970. — Turntable  — Clement,  Watriss&  Hey- 
neniann,  S,  F. 

427,750.- Sewing  Machine  — T.  J.  Daniels, 
S.  F. 

427  758.— Car-Coupling— S.  J.  Ford,  Placer- 
ville,  Cal. 

427,853.— Yarn-Winder,  Etc.  — H.  Gimmini. 
S.  F. 

427,687. — Fruit-Grader— Wm.  C.  Hamilton, 
Sin  JoFe,  Cal, 

427,688.— Type- Writing  Machine  Attach- 
ment— H.  O.  Honper,  S  F. 

427. 690. —Crushing  Mill— F.  A.  Huntington, 
S.  F. 

427,588.  —Stump-Extractor  —  J.  Minson, 
Blooratietd,  Cal. 

427,701.— Metallurgical  Apparatus  —  W. 
H.  MasEer,  Los  Angeles,  Cal. 

428,015.— Incrustation  Preventive- J.  W. 
Mitchell.  S.  F. 

427,707— Mixer  for  Explosivls  —  W.  R, 
Quinan,  Pinole,  C»l- 

427  go8.— Car-Coupling- Rigby  &  Reed,  Seat- 
tle, Wash. 

427795.— Street-Sweeping  Machine— M.  C. 
Robichdu,  S.  F. 

427  928. — NoN  Conducting  Covering — J.  L. 
Stillman,  Fresno,  Cal, 

428  025.  —  Fly-Finger  for  Printing  Ma- 
chines—H.  Swain,  S.  F. 

The  loUowingr  brief  list  by  telegraph,  for  May  20,  will 
appear  more  complete  on  receipt  of  mail  advices: 

California -Truman  C.  Naramore,  Los  Angeles,  wave 
motor;  Caaey  Newhouse,  Modesto,  and  L.  Hiosen,  New- 
man, sof*  be  I;  Andrew  J.  Oliver  and  R.  Wren,  Oakland, 
wagon-jick;  John  C.  Ludwi^',  asa'goor  of  half  interest  to 
A.  C.  Paulsen  and  M.  Corcoran,  S.  F,,  T.  C,  Coogan  and 
H.  T,  Compton,  Oakland,  telephone;  Edward  and  P, 
Maloney,  S.  P.,  horseshoe;  Joseph  B.  iardioe,  S,  F,,  ap- 
piratUB  for  reducing  bitumiooua  rock,  etc.;  Charles  H, 
Fox  and  M.  Hegele,  Delano,  bottle-stopper;  John  H. 
Hanson,  Oakland,  harrow;  Carl  Buchmiller,  Pasidena, 
grass  receptacle  for  Uwn  mowers;  Herbert  W,  Adams 
and  P.  N.  Tyron,  S,  F.,  veil-faatener. 

NoTB.~CopIe8  of  O.  S.  and  Foreign  patents  furnished 
by  Dewey  &  Co.,  in  the  shortest  time  possible  (by  mall 
or  telegraphic  order).  American  and  Foreign  patents 
obtained,  and  general  patent  business  for  Pacific  Coast 
Inventors  transacted  with  perfect  security,  at  reasonable 
rates,  and  in  the  shortest  possible  time. 

Notices  of  Recent  Patents 

Among  the  patents  recently  obtained  throngh 
Dewey  &  Co. 'a  Scientific  Press  U.  S.  and 
Foreign  Patent  Agency,  the  following  are 
worthy  of  special  mention: 

Thrashing  Machine. —  James  E.  Baach, 
Roatier,  Sacramento  Co.  No.  427,660.  Bated 
May  13,  1890.  The  operation  of  this  attach- 
ment  is  as  follows  :  The  chaff  and  such  grain 
aa  still  cUngB  to  it  are  blown  off  of  the  shoe 
and  over  its  receiving  auger  and  on  to  the 
lower  end  of  a  carrier  belt.  By  this  it  is  car- 
ried upwardly,  the  grain  disengaging  itself  and 
passing  through  the  perforations  of  the  belt, 
being  assisted  by  the  shaking  movement  to 
which  the  belt  is  subjected,  and  said  graiu  fall* 
ing  upon  the  directing  board  beneath  the  oar> 
rier,  rans  down  and  into  the  second  conveyor, 
from  which  it  is  directed  into  the  elevator  to 
go  through  the  machine  agiin  as  usual.  The 
straw  and  chaff  are  carried  up  over  the  end  of 
the  carrier  and  discharged  in  substantially  the 
same  pile  as  the  straw  from  the  main  straw- 
carrier  above. 

Type  Writing  Machine  Attachment. — 
Hanry  0  Hooper,  S.  F.  No.  427,688.  Dited 
M»y  13,  1890.  This  attachment  for  a  type* 
writing  machine  is  for  the  purpose  of  enabling 
the  writer  or  operator  to  inspect;  the  work  as 
fast  as  the  letters  are  formed,  and  without 
stopping  and  turning  up  the  carriage  for  this 
purpose.  It  consists  of  a  refracting  prism  sup- 
ported beneath  the  impression  roller,  and  the 
sheet  which  passes  around  it,  in  such  a  manner 
that  the  refraction  of  the  light  through  the 
prism  will  present  the  letters  in  their  proper 
position  to  the  eye  of  the  writer. 

Watch. — Heinrioh  Albert,  Laanstein,  Ger- 
many. No.  427,653.  Dited  May  13,  1890. 
This  relates  to  one  of  that  class  of  watches  in 
wbiob  separate  dials  are  provided  for  indicating 
the  hours,  minutes  and  seconds.  It  is  the  in- 
tention in  this  watch  to  use  a  spring  of  a  suffi- 
cient length  to  exert  its  power  for  a  longer 
time  than  is  usual.  To  employ  such  a  spring 
neoessitatea  the  use  of  a  larger  barrel;  but  a 
barrel  larger  than  usual  can  only  be  employed 
by  throwing  the  minute-hand  arbor  out  of  the 
oenter  of  the  faae*plate.  This  is  the  reason  of 
the  peculiar  oonatruotion  adopted  by  this  in- 
ventor, and  by  moving  the  center  of  the  min- 
ute*haDd  down,  space  is  provided  for  a  more 
than  usually  large  main-apring  barrel.  A  spring 
oan  therefore  be  used  long  enough  to  provide 
for  a  continuous  operation  of  the  watch  during 
any  desirable  length  of  time — as,  for  instance, 
four  days  or  more. 

Mixbr  for  Explosives. — Wm.  R.  Quinan, 
Pinole,  Contra  Costa  Go.  No.  427,707.  Dated 
May  13,  1890.  This  invention  relates  to  the 
9ttt  of  mftking  gunpowder  and  dynamite,  and  It 


consists  of  a  steam -jacketed  tube  throngh  which 
the  composition  is  passed  and  a  stirrer,  con* 
veyor  or  mixer  operating  within  the  tube.  The 
object  is  to  produce  cheaply  and  continuously 
a  composition  which  ie  to  be  used  directly  as 
an  explosive  or  as  a  dope  to  which  a  percentage 
of  nitroglycerine  or  other  explosive  is  to  be 
added  to  give  it  the  necesaary  explosiveneas. 
The  invention  relates  only  to  compositions 
which  contain  one  or  more  ingredients  that  can 
be  melted  or  softened  by  a  moderate  heat, 
which  ingredient  seives  to  cement  or  aggregate 
the  particle  of  the  composition  into  graina. 
The  apparatus  la  designed  to  melt  or  soften 
this  ingredient  and  mix  it  with  the  others,  so 
as  to  form  by  a  oontinnons  process  a  plastic 
mass  which  can  be  readily  grained.  In  ordinary 
gunpowder  or  black  blasting-powder  the  sul- 
phur ia  such  an  ingredient.  The  apparatus  oan 
also  be  used  in  preparing  the  dope  for  certain 
classes  of  dynamites  or  those  which  contain  a 
amall  quantity  of  nitroglycerine.  In  these  sul- 
phur may  be  used  as  an  ingredient;  alao  reain, 
parafQae,  asphaltum  and  various  other  sub- 
stances. In  preparing  fire  explosives  such  as 
gunpowder,  the  ingredient  should  be  pulverized 
as  finely  as  possible  and  mixed  in  the  proper 
proportions  before  being  passed  through  the 
apparatus.  The  fiaer  the  material  the  more  in- 
timate the  incorporation  effected  by  the  ap- 
paratus and  the  better  the  power.  In  making 
the  dope  for  dynamites  or  other  detonating  ex- 
ploaives  the  ingredlentR  need  not  be  ground 
fine,  but  should  be  mixed  in  proper  propor- 
tions. 

Machine  foe  Sewing  vp  the  Mouths  of 
Filled  Bags. — Thoa.  J.  Diniela,  8.  F.,  aa- 
eignor  to  Sperry  &  Co.  No.  427,750.  Dated 
May  13.  1890.  This  sewing  machine  ia  ape- 
oially  devised  for  the  purpose  of  closing  and 
sewing  the  months  of  flour  or  other  bags  after 
they  have  been  filled,  with  the  view  of  closing 
the  bags  with  a  peculiar  stitcb,  so  that  after 
having  once  been  opened  and  the  contents  re- 
moved the  bags  cannot  be  filled  with  inferior 
goods  for  the  purposes  of  deception. 

Frfit  Grader. — Wm,  C,  Hamilton,  San 
Jose,  No.  427,687,  Dated  May  13,  1890. 
The  object  of  this  invention  Is  to  provide  a 
simple  and  effective  grader,  and  one  which  is 
not  liable  to  become  clogged.  The  separated 
fruit  drops  into  different  receptacles  below,  and 
is  by  them  discharged  throngh  the  gates  into 
suitable  receptacles. 

Street  Sweeping  Machine  — Mathurin  0, 
Robichan,  San  Francisco,  Cal.  No.  427,795. 
Dated  May  13,  1890.  This  machine  involves 
the  novel  principle  of  throwing  the  dirt  up- 
wardly and  backwardly  over  the  top  of  the 
brush,  into  the  base  of  the  elevator,  and  thence 
carrying  it  directly  back  and  discharging  it  into 
a  delivery  spout  at  a  rear.  It  is  usual  to 
locate  the  elevator  in  front  of  the  brnab,  which 
neoeaaitatea  the  forward  trend  of  the  elevator 
and  the  use  of  other  elevators  and  oarriera  to 
get  the  dirt  back  again  to  the  rear  or  aide  dis- 
charge. But  in  this  machine,  the  elevator  be* 
ing  behind  the  brush,  there  need  be  but  one 
elevator,  inclined  directly  backward.  Side 
brushes  and  a  gutter-brush,  and  power-trans- 
mitting mechanisms  to  operate  all  the  brushes 
with  the  proper  apeed,  are  also  provided,  to- 
gether with  several  adjustments  of  the  variona 
parts. 

Lnmber. 


Pine.  Plr  and  Spruce. 

KCTAIL, 

Rough  Pine,  merchantable,  40  ft §-30  00 

41  to  60  ft 21  00 

61  to  80  ft 23  00 

61  to  70  ft 27  00 

1x3,  fencing 32  00 

1x4,       "       21  00 

1x3,  1x4  and  1x6,  odd  lengths 19  00 

Sect-nd  quality 17  00 

Sel  cted 24  00 

Clear,  except  for  flooring 31  00 

( lear  for  flooring 2  00 

niear  V.  G.  No,  1  fl  loring 6  00 

Firewood 14  00 

Dressed  Pine,  floooring,  No.  1,  1x6. .  .  32  00 

No.  1,1x4 34  00 

No.  1,  lix4,  lix6,  and  odd  sizes 37  00 

All  sizes,  No.  2  27  00 

Stepping,  No.  1  44  00 

Stepi  ing,  No.  2 34  00 

Ship  timber  and  plank,  rough 27  00 

Selected, planed  1  side,  av'ge  40  ft. .  29  00 

"            "       2  "          "       *■  "  ..  31  00 

"            "       3  "         "       "  "  . .  33  00 

"          ."4   "         "      ""  ..  35  00 

Deck  plank,  rough,  average  35  ft 36  00 

Dressed,  average  35  teec 40  00 

Pickets,  rough,  B.  M 20  00 

JxlJ,  4  ft  long,  ^  1& 6  50 


317  00 

18  00 

20  00 

21  00 

19  00 

IS  00 

16  00 

16  00 

22  00 

2S  Oo 

'io'66 

29  00 

30  00 

33  00 

24  00 

35  00 

25  00 

IS  00 

24  00 

26  00 

2S  00 

30  00 

32  00 

36  60 

IG  00 

0  (.0 

Bullion  Shipments. 

We  quote  shipments  since  our  last  and  shall  be 
plf  ased  lo  receive  further  reports  : 

Cons.  California  and  Virginia,  May  22.  J43  641; 
Mt.  Diablo,  22,  $13,917;  Hanauer,  14,  $3825;  17. 
$3350- 

Don't  Fail  to  Write. 

Should  tbiB  paper  be  received  by  any  subscdber  who 
does  uot  want  it,  or  bei/oiid  ihc  liiiw  he  intends  to  pan 
/or  )■(,  let  liirn  not  fail  to  write  us  direct  to  ttop  it.  A 
postal  card  (costing  one  cent  only)  will  3  flice.  We  will 
not  knowingly  send  tlie  paper  to  aay  one  who  does  not 
wish  it,  but  if  it  is  continued,  through  the  failure  of  the 
subscriber  to  notify  us  to  discontinue  it,  or  some  irre- 
sponsible party  reiiuested  to  stop  it,  we  aball  poaitivelv 
demand  payment  for  the  time  it  ia  sent.    Look  oahefullv 

AT  THE  LABEL  ON  yODR  PAPER. 


MINING    SHAREHOLDERS'    DIRECTORY. 

COMFILKD   HVERY   THURSDAY    FROM    ADVERTISKMENTa  IH   THK   MlNINO  AND   SciKNTIFIC  PRBSS   AND   OTHER   S.  F.    JOORNALB 

ASSESSMENTS. 


Com  p 'NT. 


LocATiOM.  No.  Am't.  Levied. 


The  Salt  Lake  Tribune  says  ft  6oe  ledge  of 
lithographic  atone  has  been  discovered  near  City 
Creek  Canyon,  It  has  been  tested  in  New 
York,  and  pronounced  equal  to  the  stone  of 
Bavaria. 


Acme  M  &  M  Co California. 

Alpha  UoiisM  Co Nevada..  4.. 

Andes  S  M  Co Nevada. .36.. 

Belcher  M  Co Nevada.. 39. . 

Best  &  Belcher  M  Cj Nevinla.  .46.. 

Challenge  C^ns  M  Co Nevala..  6.. 

Confideuce  S  M  Co.. Nevada.. I'd.  . 

Cous  Imperial  M  Co Nevada., 27., 

Del  Monte  M  Co Nevada  .  3.. 

Gold  Hill  M  Co California..  9.. 

Goulds  Curry  M  Co Nevada.. 61.. 

Gray  Kagle  M  Co Ca'ifornia..l7.. 

Hale  *  Norcross  M  Co Nevada.  ,95. . 

Hartford  M  Co Nt-vada..  7.. 

Holmes  .M  Co Nevada.. Id.. 

Keutuck  M  Co Nevada.. 21.. 

Lucomoiive  M  Co Arizona.  .7.. 

Mexican  M  Co     Nevada.. 40.. 

Mornine  Star  Cons  M  Co Arizona..  1,, 

Navujo  M  Co Nevada.. 20.. 

North  Belle  Isle  M  Co ...Nevada.  .17.. 

North  Commonwealth  M  Co. ...Nevada..  :;,. 

North  Occidental  M  Co ...Nevada..  2. . 

Occ  dental     oua  M.  Co Nevada,.  6.. 

i'eerlefia  M  Co Arizona..  5,. 

Seg  I'elcher  &;ftlide3  Cons  M Co. Nevada..  6.. 

Herra  Nevada  M  Co Nevada.  .97.. 

Silver  Hill  M  Co Nevada.  .26. . 

Teresa  M  Co Mexico..  1.. 


Delinq't.     Sale.     Secretary.  Place  of  Businsbs. 

.June  2...  June  23..  J  M  Buttineton 303  California  St 

.Mdy  16....June  5..C  S  Elliott 309  Moutgompry  St 

.May  14 June  3,.JJHawkina 309  Montgomery  St 

.June  3 Jun  24. . C  L  Ptrkjns 3M  Pine  St 

..Jun  17 July  S..L  O.-born 309  Montgomery  St 

.Jun  17...  July  8..C  L  McCoy 329  Piae  St 

75.. May  ][i....Juu  13 July  2..A  S  Grath 414  California'St 

5..  Apr  17.... May  22... .June  11..CL  McCoy 3:i9  Pine  St 

20..  Apr  16.... May  2d...  June  13..J  WPew 310  Pine  St 

25..  Apr  17 May  24...  June    10.. C  A  Gross Phelan  Block 

""     Apt  28....  June  3 Jun  26..  A  K  Durbim 319  Montgomery  St 

. JuuB  30.  .J  M  Euttiugton 303  California  St 

.June  5,.AE  Toompson 309  Montgomery  St 

June  6.. J  Herrmann: 303  California  St 

.July  15.. OE  Elliott 309  Montgomery  St 

,Jun  24..  J  W  Pew 310  Pine  St 

.Jun  23..  AH  Fi-h 309  Montgomery  St 

. .  July  9 . .  C  E  Elliott 309  Montgomery  St 

.Jun21..I  WNowlin 230  Montgot  ery  St 

.June  6.. J  WPew 3io  Pine  St 

June   B.JWPew 310  Pine  St 

May  21...  June  25..  J  WPew 310  Pine  St 

May   5...  May  i!6    W  H  Watson 312  Moutpomery  St 

.June  6 Jun  30..  A  K  Durbim 309  Montgomery  St 

.Apr  30...  June  9,.  A  Waterman 308  Montj^omery  St 

June  9.  ...June  30.  ,E  B  Holmes  309  Montgomery  St 

.Jun  12....  July  2..E  L  Parker 309  Montcomery  St 

.May  20....June!l..D  C  Bates 309  Montgomery  St 

Jun  13 — Jun  20.  A  CHeminant 328  Montgomery  St 


3.. Mar  20... 
25..  Apr  5*.., 
25., Apr  20... 
50. .Apr  29... 

25..M-.y  17.. 
■  May  ]4.. 


....May  l....Jiinelii... 
50. .Apr     9..,  May  14... 

2.. Apr  8  ..  May  15  ., 
2S..Mayl9.,..Jun24... 
30. .Apr  29. ...June  3... 

5.  May    1 Jun    4,., 

25. .May  13.... Jun  IS.. 

2, .Air  3U.. 
50..  Apr 
20..  Apr 
25..  Apr  16..., 

6.. Mar  31... 
25.. Apr  28.... 
10  .Mar  28... 
30..Mi*y  5... 
50., May  10.. 
iO..Apr  14.. 
10., May    9.. 


.May  31., 
...May  15.. 
...  May  14 . . 


MEETINGS  TO  BE  HBILD. 

Name  of  Oompaht.  Trf>riTinN.     Seoretaby  Offtce  in  8,  F  MsKTrNO  Date 

Caledonia  G  M  Co California.  .A  Cheniinant 328  MootRomery  St Annual June  3 

Caliatoga  Cons  M  Co Calfurnia-.H  S  Fitch 329  Post  St Annual June  2 

Cri)wu  P>«nt  M  Co Nevada.. J  Newlands 329  Pine  St Annual June  2 

Hartford  M  Oo ■. J  Hermauu 303  California  St Annual June  3 

Humboldt  M  (..'o.     ...  Nevada..  J  C  InuldocK. 303  Califoiuia  St Annual May  26 

Seg  Belcher  &  Mides  Cous  M  Co.  .Nevada.. E  B  Holmes 3S9  Montgomery  St  Annual June  3 

Silver  Hill  M  Co Nevada.. D  C  Bates 309  Mou  gomery  St Annual May  26 

Suiter  Creek  G  M  Co  California.. F  E  Lnty 330  Pine  St Annual Juae  3 

Van  VicMr  Cons  M  Co California.  .A  L  EruuLcr 35  New  Montgomery  St Annual June  2 

LATEST  DIVIDENDS— WITHIN  THREiU  MONTHS. 

Name  of  OoinpAinr.  Location.      Seurktaby.  Office  in  S.  F  Amount.  Patabl* 

Champion  M  Co California.. T  Wetzel 522  Montgomery  St 10 Jan  20 

Candelaria  Cons  M  Co Mexico.. G  Gato 309  Moutgoitery  St 25 Apr  5 

Caledonia  M  C Nevada., A  8  Chemiuant 323  Montgomery  St 08 May  15 

Con  CaUforaia&  Va  M  '~'o Nevada.. A  W  Havens 309  Montgomery  St 25 Feb  10 

Derbec  Blue  Gravtl  M  Co California.. T  Wetzel 522  Montcomery  St 10 Apr  S4 

Idaho  M  Co California .Grase  Valley 2  SO Mar  7 

Mt  Diablo  M  Co  Nevada.. R  Heath 319  Pine  St 30 Oct  21 

Pacihc  Borax  Salt  &  Soda  Co.  ..California.. A  H  Clough 230  Montgomery  9t 1  00  May  10 


n^Af^KFl     i\EPOF?TS. 


Local  Markets. 

San  Francisco,  May  22,  1890. 

General  trade  is  fair,  but  it  would  b^  far  belter  if 
there  were  not  an  undefined  uneasy  leeling  regard- 
ing tariff  legislation,  and  wh;it  action  Congress  will 
take  looking  to  the  remonetizng  of  s  Iver.  Among 
leading  minufacturers  and  prominent  business  men 
the  belief  is  freely  expressed  that  it  is  only  cheap 
raw  material  or  else  cheap  labor  that  will  promote 
general  prosperity  in  manufactured  goods,  although 
they  say  that  by  remonetizing  silver  a  stimulating 
effect  on  all  speculative  securities  and  the  leading 
farm  and  mining  industries  will  inevitably  follow. 

Money  continues  easy  under  fair  remittances  from 
the  interior,  and  a  slow  call  for  funds.  There  would 
be  a  freer  Inquiry  for  money  were  it  not  lor  the  dis- 
turbed labor  market.  It  is  very  generally  claimed 
that  considerable  more  coin  will  be  required  this 
year  to  move  ihe  wheat  crop  (which  promises  to  be 
fully  as  large  as  that  of  last  year}  than  has  been 
wanted  for  all  of  two  years  past. 

The  steamer  for  Hong  Kong  sailed  the  past  week, 
taking  out  the  following  treasure  :  Mexican  dollars, 
601.037;  gold  coin,  $20,155;  and  gold-dust,  $600. 

MEXICAN  DOLLARS  -The  demand  for  ship- 
ment by  the  China  steamer  was  quiie  active,  send- 
ing prices  lo  a  still  higher  ran^e.  The  nurket  held 
strong  at  from  8i@8iJi  cents  for  round  parcels, 
selling  over  the  counter  at  an  advance  on  these  quo- 
tations. 

SILVER— The  market  has  shaded  off  under  pub- 
lished reports  that  President  Harrison  is  unfavorable 
to  any  action  by  Congress  looKing  to  the  remonetiz- 
ing of  the  metal  and  also  that  he  wants  a  party  silver 
bill  and  not  a  national  one.  His  course  is  no  doubt 
alienating  from  him  a  large  class  of  citizens  who 
heretofore  were  his  firmest  supporters.  With  the 
Comstock  mines  running  more  to  gold  as  the  as- 
says now  show,  it  is  singularly  strange  under  what 
influence  he  is  when  expressing  fears  of  remon- 
etizing silver.  Of  course  he  is  personally  silent,  so 
that  his  objections  cannot  be  overcome  by  argu- 
ments based  on  sound  principles,  the  chief  of  which 
is  the  revival  in  many  lines  of  trade  on  the  possibil- 
ity of  silver  advancing  to  par.  It  is  not  the  mining 
industry  alone  that  is  to  be  b  nefited,  but  all  others, 
either  directly  or  indirectly.  In  the  local  market 
silver  has  hHd  steady  at  $t.03K  mint  quota- 
tions.    New  Y  -rk  cime  through  to-day  at  $t.o3J^. 

QUICKSILVER— Receipts  the  past  week  aggre- 
gate 154  fl  -sks.  The  mirket  has  made  another  up- 
ward move,  closing  strong  at  the  adv.ince. 

BORAX— Receipts  the  past  week  aggregate  224 
ctls..  and  shipments  in  last  month,  by  overland 
railroad  1228  ctls.  The  market  is  easing  off  under 
freer  producion  and  more  offish  buying. 

LIME  — R'Ceipis  the  past  week  aggregate  4869 
bbls.,  and  exports  by  sea  200  bbls.  to  Honolulu 
The  coast  demand  is  offi  h,  owing  to  labor  troubles 
in  some  sections  and  fears  of  trouble  elsewhere. 

LEAD — The  local  market  is  strong  at  an  ad- 
vance, Eistern  advices  report  a  strong  and  higher 
market  under  a  legitimate-  demand  by  consumers 
who  are  short  in  stock.  The  past  week  there  was 
expnrted  by  sea  22,063  1^)^  to  Victoria,  and  225,- 
094  Iti?.  of  white  lead  to  New  York. 

1  IN — The  market  shows  another  appreciation  in 
pig.  Eistern  advices  report  an  active  distributive 
trade,  with  a  decided  speculative  movement  on  foot, 
due,  probably,  to  an  expected  increase  in  the  duty. 
Exports  the  past  week  aggregate  2027  lbs.  to  Vic- 
toria. 

COPPER  —  The  market  holds  strong.  Our 
Eastern  advices  report  a  strong  market  with  heavy 
sales  for  export.  The  Iron  Age  of  May  15th  has 
the  following  London  cable  :  "  Prices  for  copper 
have  continued  to  steadily  advance  under  the  in- 
fluence of  gradual  increase  in  business  and  revival 
of  speculative  interest.  Bars  have  risen  ^3  dur- 
ing the  week  and  are  to-day  at  nearly  the  highest 
point." 

IRON — The  market  is  essentially  unchanged. 
Foundrymen  are  consuming  more,  yet  the  liberal 
stocks  here  and  cheaper  outward  English  freights 
are  against  the  market.  The  English  market  is  con- 
trolled by  speculation  regardless  of  the  stock,  which 
is  said  to  be  low. 

COAL— Imports  the  past  week  aggregate  as  fol- 


lows :  Newcastle,  N.  S,  W.,  8060  tons;  Departure 
Biy,  5140;  Tacoma,  2300;  Nanaimo,  848;  Seattle, 
2700;  Coos  Bay,  7504;  total,  19,798  tons.  The 
market  is  easier  for  Australian  and  English  for 
prompt  loading.  The  dull  freight  market  abroad 
and  prospective  large  wheat  crop  on  this  side  will 
attract  ships  to  us.  In  coast  coals  there  is  nothing 
new  to  report.  The  long-threatened  labor  strike  at 
the  Wellington  collieries  has  come,  but  it  is  claimed 
that  it  will  be  short-lived:  at  any  rate,  the  trade 
does  not  appear  to  fear  any  appreciation  in  (hat 
grade  of  coal  in  consequence  of  the  strike. 

Eastern  Metal  Markets. 

By  Telegraph 

New  York,   May  22.  1890.  -The  following  are 
the  closing  prices  the  past  week:        • 
Silver  in    Silver  in 
London.  Now  y. 
rhursday..  Al^  1  04 

Friday 47i  1  04 

Saturday 47^  1  04i 

Monday 47i  1  04i 

Tuesday 47  7-18  1  04 

Wedneadav..47i  1  tSJ 

Nbw  York,  May  20.— Litule  Borax  here;  9J(o)9i  for  Cal- 
ifornia retined. 

Lake  Ineot  ■  opper,  14gG;  miniae  companies  hold   for 
15c;  largely  sold  ahe»d     Arizona,  ISJ  •;  casting,  12^(rfl3c. 

Pig  Lead,  ft'f¥t,T,  4i((U  l-l")e;  rouii  1  lots;   1  upplj  liKht. 


(lopper. 

Lead. 

Tin. 

816  (JO 

84  10 

«21  15 

14  90 

i   10 

VI  20 

16  CO 

4  12J 

21  25 

15  00 

4  16 

21  26 

16  00 

4  26 

21  10 

16  05 

4  30 

21  10 

lu 


m     6j 


San  Francisco  Metal  Market. 

WBOLEHALK. 

ThuKsuay,  May  22,  1895. 

Antimony 2i!(a5     23 

Borax— Refined,  in  carload  'ota ,,       8@      — 

Powdered  "         "        "     8  @      — 

Concentrated      "         "       "     7J@      — 

All  grades  jobbing  at  an  advance. 

Copper— 

Bolt • 23  @      25 

Sheathing 23  @      25 

Ingot,  jobbing 17  @      '8 

do,  wholesale —  @ 

Fire  Box  SheetB 23  '« 

Lead— Pig 4J@ 

Bar ; 5  (ab 

Sheet 7  0) 

Pipe 6  @      — 

Shot,  discount  10%  on  500  bags     Drop,  ^  bag.  1  45  (^      — 

Buck,  ^bag 1  65  @      — 

Chilled,  do 1  85  @      — 

TiNPLATE— B.  v.,  steel  grade,  14ji20,  to  arrive.      ~  (0/     — 

B.  v.,  ateel  grade,  ]4s20,  apot 4  65  @  4  70 

Charcoal,  14x20 6  75  m  7  00 

do  roofing,  14x20 6  00®     — 

do,do.20s2S 12  00  @      — 

Pig  tin,  Bpot,  ^  lb il  @      211 

Coke  -Eng.,  ton,  spot,  in  blk 13  50  (a\4  50 

Do,  do,  to  load 14  50  @I5  PO 

QniOKSiLVEB.- By  thetlaak 56  00  (fj57  00 

Flasks,  new @      — 

FlasVa.  oM    ,  y.  ^f 

OniiosiE  Iron  Ore,  ^  ton 10  CO® 

IKON-Bar,  base 3  (a       3! 

Norway,  baae 4J(tf:        5} 

Steei^— English,  lb 16  (*     20 

Canton  tool 9(S        ft 

Black  Diamond  tool  - , 

Pick  and  Hammer 

Machinery , 

Toe  Calk 

Spot. 

(RON— Glengarnock  ton 35  00  @ 

Eglinton,  ton 35  00  @ 

AiiBrican  Soft,  No,  1,  ton.. @35  00 

Oregon  Pig.  ton @35  00 

Paget  Sound 35  00  @ 

Ol^y  Lane  White ^2    00 

Shotts,  No.  1 35  00  Co35  00 

Bar  Iron  (base  price)  ■^  lb . . .      —  @      — 

Langloan  35  CO  @ 

Tliorucliffe 35  00  @ 

Garbsherrie  , 35  00  (S 

Barrow 35  00  @ 

Thomas 35  00  @ 

CargoHcet 32  50  @ 


9@ 


321@  - 


Coal. 


TO   LOAP, 

Per  Ton,(  Per  Ton. 

Australian  ...     7  26  @  7  SOlLelii^h  Lump..   16  50@17  00 

Liverpool  St'ra    8  00  @ Cinnberland  bk  16  00@ 

Scotch  Splint.     8  00  @  9  00  Egg-,  hard 16  00@ 

Cardiff 8  60  @ 1 

SPOT    FROM   YARD. 

Seattle 7  00 

C003  Bay G  00 

rannel 12  00 

Egg,  hard 17  00' 

Cumberland,  In  sacks  16  00 
rto.  bulk  14  00' 


Wellington., 

Greta S  00 

Weetminster  Bryinbo.  9  00 

Nanaimo , 9  00 

Sydney 8  00 

Oilman 7  00 

CANADIAN   ANTHRACITE   COAL. 

Fgg,  ship  side..    ?12  eriStovc,  yard $15  OO' 

Egg,  yard 16  0O[Nufc,  yard 16  Cft 


Mat  24,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


857 


Table  of  Lowest  and  Highest  Sales  in 
S.  F.  Stock  Exchange. 


Nams  or 

OOMPJLMT. 


Alplu 

AlU 

Audoa 

Bnlchvr 

B<4t  A  Belcher.,. 

Bulliou 

Bodie  UoD ....... 

Bulwcr 

Cumxiiouuroftltb . . 
C<iu.  Vs.  tOsl... 

Chikllauxu 

ChoUttr 

CouIldtjDcu 

OoD.  Itu^rlal..., 

Oak-douid 

Orowu  Puiiit 

Onrtker 

Dwl  .\l<.iiu.- 

kureKs  UuD 

Bl(.b«uuor 


Weis 

RKUINti 

Mar  I. 


OoulilA  Ourry 

Hklc  k  Soraoee,. 

Julls 

Juaticc 

Keutuok 

L«4j  Wa<h 

Mono 

H(}zlc«n 

Nav»)(i 

North  BtiUelslo... 

NeT.  IJuecu 

OcolduDtKl 

Orhlr 

OVurmui 

Potosf 

FvvrioBe 

Pwr 

BaTBtfU 

8.  B.  *M 

Sierra  Nevatla..... 

dllTerHIll 

8corp[oD 

UiiiuD  Cod 

DUr 

Tellow  Jacket 


1.(0 
1.30 

.35 

3.00 
1.05 
.65 
.29 
3  31 
<.65 

■i.3a 
3  au 

5.50 

u 

.85 

9.G0 
,25 
.»5 

4.0U 
65 
SO 

I. so 
2.3a 

.25 

1.30 

.85 

.30 

.45 

3.35 

.26 

1.U5 

.60 

1.10 

3.60 

I  All 

3.01 

.20 

.3) 

l.Si 

1.30 

2.30 

25 

20 

2.65 

.00 


Wl»  I  Wait  .  W>Ek 
Kniiiko  I  Kniiini.  KNDINii 
Majr  8.  I  .Mur  15.  I  Uaf  22 


1  00 

1.10 

3> 

-.-  2  10 
3.4  U  85 
1.301.05 

.76    .70 

ijiiiloo 

2.a.;j.i5 
3. 45:2. 50 

6.0O;4.60 
.45  .31 
.7      .45 

2  8.5-2.46 


1.301.10 

I  i5;i.io 

.*J  .30 
2.3ul.l)0 
3.152.!5 
1.15.1.05 
.75  .55 
.25  .... 
4  .'53.25 
4.70  1  111 
2.30  1 .25 
3.14-2. 56 
4.'.I0  3.10 
.40:  .30 
.66  .40 
2.601.75 

6.00  .... 

.70    .60 

.55I  .10 

1.701.30 

3.20  1.65 


1  26  I  05 
1.2.  1.05 

.60  .45 
2.I.1I  50 
3.15  2  35 
1.20,   .95 

.60    .50 

t'.iil'lib 

4.4?  4  iV 

2.05  1.3  J 

3.602.40 

5.003.00 

.40    .25 

.60    .35 

3.451.65 

.35    .30 

.751  .86 

4.504.15 


,  -26 
1.65!l.40 
.851  .65 
.36  .30 
....i  .25 
3.25!2.50 


3  05  2  10 
3.75"  " 

.40 

.40 
2.25 
3  01 
3.6; 


1.25[  M 
.80  .65 
1.10  .85 
3.8013.70 
2,0512.05 


46 

45 

1.15 

3.10 

.15 

1.35 

.60 

.25 

.35 

3.E0 

.40 

1.30 

65 


2.75    3.26 

2.75    3,10 

.30      .351   .25     ... 

.25      .46    .30      .30 

l.«5    1. soil  50    1.85 

1.35    1.60;1.10    1.33 

2.15    2.30 

2.25    3.65 

.25    .... 

.20      .30 

.15      .23 

2  35    2.M 

2.06    2.45 

85      .95 

.05      .110 

2.60    2.65 

1  95    2.60 

1.15,1.00 
4.00i3.60 
3I2.O5 
2.05 
20 
,20 
I  25 
1.60 

!36 
.30 

2.05 
70 

1.95 


Sales  at  San  Francisco  Stock  Exchange. 


TaURsDAY.  May23,9:30  A.  m. 

50  Alta I.;0 

600  Alpha 1  30 

1000  AjiUt-a 76(; 

100  Bulcher 1.85 

200  B,  S  Belcher. 2.85; 

650  BullioD 1.4 

2I1O  Cale-loula 4  c 

100  OhuUcuL-e 1.05 

750  (.liullar 3.3'. 

125  I'rowD  Point 2  26: 

500  C..11,  Imptuial 40o 

300  Cun.Cia*  Va 4  60, 

300  Excliufiuer 65c 

800  Halei  Nor 2.70, 

100  Julia 2ff 


f-50  Nev.  iMeou 

7O0 

4C0  Ophir 

110  OveriuaD 

600  Pcorleaa 

..  4.10 
...li.35 
35c 

300  Sierra  Ncvaclii... 
■150  S.  B.  k  M 

...1.85 
...1.30 
2c 

65'  Savago 

....1  85 

211O  UuioD 

55U  Ydlow  Jac^Bt... 

...2  55 
...2.75 

Th.\t  Coi'PKK  Syndicate.— At  the  trUI,  io 
PArij,  of  the  Copper  Syodicate  men  it  hBS  been 
proved  that  Secrctan.  as  director  of  the  Sooiete 
de  Metaox,  dUtribated  fiotitioua  protita  for 
18S7  and  used  improper  meaos  to  ball  copper, 
raising  the  price  from  under  1000  franca  per 
ton  to  over  2000  franoa,  and  clearing  within 
two  months  10.000,000  franca.  The  defeoHe  ie 
that  the  article  of  the  Penal  Cjde  on  which  the 
charge  la  based  does  not  apply,  Mentsoh,  on 
being  examiner),  admitted  that  while  he  waa 
chairman  he  knew  nothing  of  the  dealings  of 
the  institution  with  the  Sooiete  de  Metaux, 
He  alao  testified  that  the  Biard  rarely  listened 
to  the  manager's  reports  and  let  things  alide, 

AcAiiEMV  OF  SciENCK.s — At  the  meeting  of 
the  California  Academy  of  Sciences  on  Monday 
evening,  Fr.  Gulzkow  exhibited  some  speci* 
mens  ol  manganese  ore  found  at  the  junction 
of  Nineteenth  street  and  the  Corbf^tt  road. 
The  deposit  was  referred  to  in  Prof.  Whitney's 
Geological  Survey  reoort-,  but  ia  of  no  com- 
mercial value.  C.  E.  Engerman  read  a  brief 
paper  on  "  Kgg  Membranes  or  Ooverlng  of 
Eftga  in  Frshfe," 


/l3^e3^iiiept  l^otice^. 


Mining  Share  Market. 


The  mining  share  market  the  past  week  was  quite 
active,  with  lively  flucluations  ai  advancing  prices. 
The  way  in  which  some  of  the  stocks  jumped  up 
and  fell  back  caused  the  more  credulous  to  believe 
that  the  ore  body  was  bein^  moved  Irom  mine  to 
mine  at  a  lively  rate,  so  as  to  give  all  a  show.  The 
active  up  movement  was  naturally  expected  by  care- 
ful operators.  This  we  predicted  in  last  week's 
Press,  for  the  mill-ring  and  pool  bought  stocks  on 
the  down  grade,  which  they  wish  to  sell  out  so  as 
to  collect  the  ten  assessments,  aggregating  ifbout 
$250,000,  that  fall  delinquent  in  the  forepart  of 
next  month.  Of  course,  if  the  public  does  not  take 
the  slocks  at  the  figure  the  pool  would  sell  at,  still 
higher  prices  will  be  made  to  induce  buying,  after 
which — well,  what  has  always  followed:  low  prices 
and  more  assessments  later  on.  The  mines  were 
never  in  better  condition  than  at  present  for  a  ster- 
ling deal,  lor  the  pool  or  ring  can  run  into  ore  at 
any  time,  so  as  to  give  an  excuse  for  higher  prices, 
and  they  can,  with  equal  ease,  run  out  of  ore,  so  as 
to  break  prices,  and  at  the  same  time  get  awav  with 
the  boodle.  The  public  need  not  expect  a  different 
condition  of  afftirs  until  there  is  a  change  in  the 
management  of  the  mines.  Stockbrokers  should  do 
all  in  their  power  to  bring  about  a  reform,  and  no 
broker  having  any  regard  for  his  good  name,  unlf  ss 
he  is  in  the  boodle-ring,  should  give  proxies  for 
stocks  standing  in  his  name  over  which  he  has  nu 
control.  Elections  are  coming  on,  and  it  is  policy 
to  let  tho^e  who  vish  the  boodle  buy  the  sioc^'  for 
control  in  the  open  market,  and  then  we  can  look 
for  more  active  times. 

The  mill-ring  continues  to  grade  the  ore  milled 
on  the  Comstock.  so  as  to  keep  off  dividends  and 
get  more  boodle.  It  is  reported  that  the  last  quar- 
terly boodle  division  aggregated  over  $700,000. 

From  the  Comstock,  our  Virginia  City  advices  re- 
port that  the  pumps  for  pumping  out  the  Gold  Hill 
mines  will  be  in  place  about  the  ist  of  next  month, 
and  that  pumping  will  commence  soon  afterward. 
Our  correspondent  also  says  that  the  most  important 
strike  on  the  Comstock  for  years  is  the  west  ore 
body  in  the  Gold  Hill  group  of  mines,  commencing 
with  10  or  12  feet  of  ore  found,  last  December,  in 
Con.  Imperial,  near  the  Alpha  south  line,  on  the 
300-foot  level,  and  later  on  in  the  upraise  from  the 
500-foot  level  on  the  same  body  found  in  Confidence 
and  Challenge,  followed  by  the  last  find  in  Confi- 
dence, 250  feet  west  from  the  8co  lateral  drift  tliat 
IS  being  run  from  Yellow  Jacket  to  the  Con.  Im- 
perial shaft.  They  have  started  a  west  crosscut  on 
this  level  in  Challenge  near  the  north  line,  to  pros- 
pect the  ore  found  in  Confidence,  in  Crosscut  No.  i, 
menuoned  above. 

A  reliable  person  informs  us  that  in  Overman,  on 
the  Sutro  tunnel  level,  they  struck,  some  time  since, 
a  body  of  rich  ore  lying  west,  when  they  came  back 
and  sunk  a  winze  70  feet  deep  from  the  bottom  of 
which  a  northwest  drift  was  started  to  tap  the  ledge 
lower  down.  In  running  this  drift  they  encounteredthe 
ore  body,  which  was  about  40  feet  wide,  the  average 
assay  ol  which  was  about  $50  a  ton.  Our  inform- 
ant thinks  that  the  present  management,  if  they 
keep  control  of  Overman,  will  mill  f-r  themselves 
and  grind  out  assessments  for  mine  stockholders. 

Con.  Virginia  has  sent  to  the  Carson  Mint,  to 
date,  ovei^  $56,000,  and  Crown  Point  over  $10,000, 
on  May  account. 

We  learn  from  a  reliable  source  that  there  is  a  de- 
cided improvement  in  S  ivage  and  also  in  Hale  and 
Norcross.  In  Potosi,  the  improvement  in  the  winze 
mentioned  by  us,  week  before  last,  is  officially  con- 
firmed. Chollar  still  shows  well.  An  improvement 
is  also  reported  in  Overman. 


ACME  MILL  AND  MINiNG  COMPANY; 
location  of  principal  place  ot  buelncss,  Sao  Fran- 
ciBco,  California.  Location  of  Works,  Amador  County, 
California. 

Notice  18  hereby  pivon,  that  at  a  meotliiy:  of  the  Board 
of  Directoia.  held  on  the  SOth  day  of  Miirch,  ISW,  an 
assessmoot,  No.  10,  of  3  cents  per  share,  waa  levied  ut>oii 
the  Capital  Stouk  of  the  Corporation,  pajablo  immedi- 
ately in  United  States  Gold  Coin  to  the  Secretary,  at  the 
otKce  of  the  Company,  Room  11,  No.  303  California 
Street,  Sad  Francieco,  California. 

Any  stock  upon  which  tins  assessment  ehall  remain 
ujipiid  on  the  15th  day  of  Mav,  1S;10,  will  be  deliiiiiuent, 
and  advertised  for  sale  at  public  auction;  and  unleyy 
pajmeot  ia  made  before,  will  be  eold  on  MONDAY,  the 
'Jth  day  of  June,  IbOO,  to  pay  the  dellnqucDt  aaaessment, 
together  with  the  costs  of  advertiBlnj,'  and  exijenaea  of 
sale. 

By  order  of  the  Board  of  Directors. 

J.  M.  BUFFINOTON,  Secretary. 
Office,  Room  11,  No.  303  California  Street,  San  Fiancisco, 

California. 


The  delliif|UODt  day  ot  Ih^  above  asaesament  iB  hereby 
POSTPONED  to  June  2,  1890,  and  the  day  of  aa'.e  to 
MONDAY,  June  23.  1S90. 

By  order  of  the  Board  of  Directors. 

J.  M.  RUFFINGTON,  Secretary. 

San  Francisco,  May  15,  ISOO. 


GRAY  EAGLE  MINING  COMPANY.  Loca- 
tion  of  principal  place  of  bnsines9,   San    Francioco, 
California.   Location  of  Works,  Placer  county,  California* 

Notice  is  hareby  t'iven,  that  at  a  meeting  of  the  Boaid 
of  Directors,  held  on  the  let  day  of  May,  iSOO,  an  assess- 
ment. No.  17,  of  five  (5)  cents  per  share,  was  levied  upon 
the  Capital  Stock  nf  the  Corporation,  payable  im- 
mediately in  United  Statea  Gold  Coin  to  the  Secretary, 
at  the  othce  of  the  Compaoy,  Room  11,  No.  303  California 
street,  San  Francisco,  California. 

Any  atock  upon  which  this  asBessmeot  shall  remain 
unpaid  on  the  10th  day  of  June,  1S90,  will  be  delinquent 
and  advertised  for  sale  at  public  auction;  and  unless 
payment  in  made  before,  will  be  aold  on  MONDAY,  the 
30tli  day  of  June,  1890.  to  pay  the  delinquent  as  ess  men  t, 
to^cthor  with  the  cost)  of  advertieing' and  expenses  of 
eale. 

By  order  of  the  B  "-ard  of  Directors. 

J.  M.  BrFFINGTON,  Secretary. 

Office,  Room  11,  No.  303  California  Street,  San  Fran- 
cisco, California. 


WlE^^kyz^fo,^ 


^  ort'-tE  or  T^^ 

Scientifip  Press 
PaciFic  .-•■ 

Plural  Press' 


'"^^  ^',€(m:£'.s^m^,^mci 


TT'ES       3VK3]XrE3 


BY    USING 


WATER  POWER  TRANSMITTED  BY  ELECTRICITY 

To  Run  your   Mills,   Hoists    and   Trams. 

For  Circular  giving  particulars  send  to 

KEITH     ELECTRIC    CO., 

—  MANOFACTDKERS  OF  — 

Apparatus  for  Electric  Light 'and  Electric  Power 


OFFICE,  40  NEVADA  BLOCK, 


GOLD  HILL,  MINING  C  )MPi' NY-Location 
ofpriiicipdt  place  of  busioeES,  San  Francisco,  Cali- 
fornia; location  of  works.  Grass  Valley,  Nevada  Couuty, 
California 

Notice  is  her* by  given,  that  at  a  meeting  of  the  Board 
cf  Directors,  helrl  on  the  17th  day  of  April,  1S90,  an 
assessment  (No.  9)  of  Twenty-five  Cents  per  share  was 
levied  upon  the  capital  stock  of  the  Corporation,  payaljle 
mniediately,  in  United  States  Gold  Coin,  to  the  Secre- 
tary, at  the  office  of  the  Company,  Room  20,  Phtlan 
Buil<  ing,  San  Francisco,  California. 

Any  stock  upon  which  this  assessment  shall  remain 
unpaid  on  the  24th  day  of  May,  1S90,  will  be  delinquent 
and  advertised  for  sale  at  ijublic  auction;  and  unlnss 
payment  in  made  before,  will  be  sold  on  TUE-"DAV.  the 
10th  day  of  June,  1S90,  to  pay  the  delinquent  assessment, 
ijther  with  costs  of  adveitising  and  expenses  of  sale. 
By  order  of  the  Board  of  Directors 

^._A.  GROW,  Secretary: 
Office,  Room    20,    Phelin  Building,  Sin'TniP''i>"-"- 

fornia. 


Call- 


Factory,  Stevenson  St.,  bet.  First  and  Ecker. 


SAK  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 


Holla  d's  Corrugated  Woolen  Belt  Ore  Concentrator 


(PdTi!:NTED.) 
Win  save  m>^re  fine  gold  and  fliur  quick  than  any  concentrator  ever  made.  Will  also  concentrate  cinnabar  and 
gale  a  ores  peifectlv  and  with  economy.  The  invention  is  new  and  possesses  all  the  advantages  of  tbe  old  hhnket 
system,  while  .voiding  its  faults  by  the  use  of  the  Corrugated  Woolen  Belt,  which  is  thoroughly  cleaned  by  means 
of  a  rtvolvini:  brush  connected  and  operated  with  the  machine.  It  Is  simple  in  construction  and  cannot  get  out  of 
oruer.    Small  power  is  required  to  run  it. 

Price  of  Concentrator  for  Ten-Stamp  Mill,  $1000;  for  Five-Stamp  Mill,  $600. 
For  Circulars,  ddrea^  H.  P.   HOLLAND,   2322   Folsom  street,   San  Francisco,  CaL 

Concentrators  on  exhibition  at  WILLIAMS  &  ORTON'S,  Manufacture  re,  315  Mission  St.,  S.  F. 


School  of  Practical,  Civil,  Mechanical  and 
MINING  ENGINEERING, 

SnrveyiJii,  ArcMtecture,  Drawing  and  Assaying 

723    MARKET    STREET, 

The  History  Building,  San  Francisco,  Cal 

A.  VAN  DER  NAILLEN,  President. 

Assaying  of  Ores,  $26;  Bullion  and  Cblorination  Assay, 

$25;  Blowpipe  Assay,  §10.     E^ill  course  of  assaying,  850. 

i^Send  for  circular. 


Smelter  For  Sale  or  Exchange. 

One  50-ton,  wrought  iron,  water-jacket  Smelting  Fur- 
nace (36"x60"  at  the' tuyeres)  of  the  latest  design,  wi'.h 
Crusher,  Blower,  Boiler,  Pumps,  Engines,  Tools,  and 
everything  complete  for  immediate  delivery,  and  only 
used  about  six  months.  Cheap  for  cash,  or  will  exchange 
for  interest  in  a  Lead-Silver  Mine,  or  erect  in  any  mining 
camp  that  will  guarantee  a  certain  output.  For  further 
particulars  address  Box  3S.  Rlkhom.  Montana. 


Tla.e   XS-'CT'A.xi.is    SgIxooI 

OP 

ASSAYING    AND    CHEMISTRY, 

Rooms  46  i  47.  1628  MontBomery  St. 

2il  Floor  Montgomery  Bl'k.  J        San  Francisco, 
Also,  EveDing  Claseos,  7  to  10  o'clock. 

JOHN  T.  EVANS.  M.  A.,  Principal 


TO    CHEMISTS. 

A  man  with  some  knowledge  of  chemistry  wlshos  cm- 
plojment  in  a  laboratory,  refiners',  assayer'a  olHce  or 
other  place  of  that  character.  Has  a  good  microscope. 
Would  hj  a  valuable  assistant  in  a  patent  niedicine  manu- 
factory.    Address  A.  B.  C  ,  2133  Elm  Street,  Oakland. 


A  MIDDLE-AGED  MAN  BY  THE  NAME  OF  JOSEPH 
McLEARN,  Miner,  left  Nova  Scotia  17  years  ago  for 
California,  H  s  friends  would  be  thankful  to  any  person 
who  could  give  any  information  concerning  his  where- 
abouts. 


FRISBEE-LUCOP  MILLfiftr 


Centrifugal  Roller  Steel  Mills, 

FOR  PULVERIZING  ORES,  WET  OR  DRY, 

For  Amalgamation  or  Concentration,  and  for  Manufacture  of  Cement,  Fertilizers,  Paint, 
and  all  other  purposes  for  which  grinding  or  pulverizing  is  required. 

Send  for  Catalogue  and  Price  List  to 

FRISBBE-LUCOP    MILL    CO., 

145    BROADWAY,    NEW    YORK. 


HORACE  0.  RANLETT, 

Ores,  Mining,  and  Commission, 

420  Montgomery  St.,  S.  F. 

Ships  under  advances  to  smelting  works  in  Boston, 
New  York,  Baltimore  and  Liverpool. 

Twenty-one  years'  experience  in  Shipping  Ores  and 
Managing  Mines. 

Solicits  Consignments  of  Copper  Produce  and  Manage- 
ment of  Min'ng  Matters. 

All  business  conducted  on  Cash  Basis. 

Purchase  and  shipment  ot  Mining  Supplies  a  Spbculty. 

Sales  of  Developed  Copper  Mines  undertaken. 

Buainess  Manager  of  UNION  COPPER  MINE,  Copper- 
opolis,  Cal.;  NEWTON  COPPER  MINE,  AmadorCo.,  Cal. 


npon.    !&j3l.:jlmJes. 


A   WELL   DEVELOPED    CEMENT 
GRAVEL  MINE 

In  Placer  County,  three  miles  from  C.  P,  Railroad;  with 
steam  hoistirg- and  pum'i  g  plant,  toKCfher  with  a  10- 
stamp  mil',  Pelton  wheel,  pipts,  black  mich  thop,  tools, 
cars  and  fank,  all  in  srood  running  order.  Includmg  480 
acres  of  land,  of  which  30  acres  or  more  are  well  adapttd 
to  orange  culture.  The  balar  ce  is  timber  land  and 
pasture,  suitable  for  grapevines  and  olives.  Improve- 
men's  c  -r  s^sr  of  store  htjuse  of  eighf  rooms,  ditto  barn, 
offl  e,  several  frame  liouses,  tma'I  orchard  anH  vineyard. 
Price,  including  everyth'ng  on  the  pUce,  wagons,  tools, 
safe,  etc.  $33  000,  of  which  half  cash,  balance  at  7%. 
Title  V.  S.  Patent.  Immediate  possession  given.  Tha 
is  a  rare  oppoilunity  for  miners  and  ho  ticultuiista. 
For  particulars  apply  to  T.  G.  E.  WOLLEE,  East 
Oakland,  Ca 


368 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Mat  24,  1890 


Founded  by  Malhcio  Carcij,  1785. 
HENRY  CAREY  BAIRD  &  CO., 

Industrial     Publishere,     Booksellers     and 

Imoorlera, 
810  Walnut  St.,  PhiladelpHia,  Pa.,tT.  S.  A, 

jar  Our  new  and  Keviaed  Catalogue  of  Practical  and 
Scientific  Eooke,  84  pagf-s,  Svc,  and  our  other  Catalogues 
and  Circulars,  the  whole  coverintr  every  branch  of 
Science  applied  to  the  arts,  sent  free  and  free  of  postage 
to  any  one  in  aoy  part  of  the  world  who  will  furniah  bia 
address. 


PRACTICAL 

Books  on  Mining 

AND  IRRIGATION. 

Descriptive  Catalogue  and  Cii'culara  of  Book  a  relatioj;: 
to  Assaying,  Mhiing,  Electricity  and  Mechanical  Engineer- 
ing, sent  free  on  application. 

E.  &  F.  N.  SPON,  Publishers, 

la  Cortlandt  St.,  New  York. 

RIXT  FIRTH, 

225  and  227  First  St.,  San  Francisco,  Gal. 

Compressed  Air  and  Water  Power 
.    Machinery. 


KNIGHT'S  WATER  WHEEL, 

For  Mills,  Pumping  and  Hoisting. 

OVER    SOO  IN    DSB. 
All  estimates  gaaranteed.    Seud  for  Clrcalar. 


WATBB  TANKS  i    WINE  TANKS  I 

CALIFORNIA    WINE    COOPERAGE     CO. 

FULDA  BKOS.,  Proprietors, 
SO  to  40  Spear  St.,  San  Francisco. 

ALL  KINDS  OP  CASKS,  TANKS,  Etc. 
Xa"SHlp,  Mining,  and  Watbr  Takes  a  Specialty."^ 


FOR  SALE  CHEAP. 


One  new  double  circular  Sawmill  to  carry  60-inch  bot- 
tom saw,  with  wrought-iron  bangers  for  top  saw.  Fric- 
tion felJ^'-JfaL**^^'  patent  steel  screw  double-throw  head- 
blocks,  with  track  iron.  Ha^«ar5^'*^^  *"'^  ^^'''^^  complete, 
RISDON  IRON  &  LOOOMO'riyE  WORKS 
San  PranclBCO,  Cal.        "  "^  "' 


One  Ohmen's  12x12  Automatic  Engine; 
beat  style  in  use  Also,  1  Boiler  4S  in-  x  16  ft.  Both  nearly 
new.  Sold  seimrate  if  required.  J.  W.  QDICK,  221 
First  St.,  (Top  Floor)  San  Prancisco,  Oal. 

TUBBS  CORDAGE  CO. 

(A  Corporation.) 

Constantly  on  hand  a  full  assortment  of  Manila  Rope, 
Duplex  Rope,  Tarred  Manila  Rope,  Hay  Rope,  Whale  Line, 
etc,  etc 

Extra  sizes  and  lengths  made  to  order  on  short  notice. 

611  &  613  Front  St.,  San  Francisco.  Cal. 

THE  RUSSEirPROCESS^ 

For  i'-formation  corcevninE  this  process  for  the  re- 
duction of  ores  containing  precious  metals,  and  terms 
of  license,  apply  to 

THE     RUSSBLIi     PROCESS    CO: 
New  Haven,  Conn. 


PACIFIC    ROLLING   MILL   CO., 


lUNUFAOTURBRS  OF. 


UP  TO   20,000   LBS.   WEIGHT. 

Trne  to  pattern  and  superior  In  strength,  touerhness  and  durability  to  Oast  or  WrouBht 
Iron  In  any  position  or  for  any  service. 

GEARINGS,  SHOES,  DIES,  CAMS,  TAPPETS,  PISTON-HEADS,  RAILROAD  and  MA- 
CHINERY CASTINGS  of  Every  Detcripilon. 


HOMOGENEOUS  STEEL. 


SOFT  and  DUCTILE, 
SUPERIOR  TO  IRON  FOR 


LOCOMOTIVE  AND  MARINE  FORCINGS. 

ALSO  Steel  Rods,  from  i  to  3  inch  diameter  and  Flats  trom  1  to  8  Inch.  Angles,  Tees,  Channels  and  other  ahape 
Steel  Wagon,  Buggy,  and  Truck  Tires,  Plow  Steel;  Machinery  and  Special  Shape  Steel  to  size  and. lengths 
STSXII.  RAII.S  from  12  to  46  pounds  per  yard.  ALSO,  Railroad  and  Merchant  Iron,  Rolled 
Beams,  Angle,  Channel,  and  T  Iron.  Bridge  and  Machine  Bolts,  Lag  Screws,  Nuts,  Washers,  Ship  and  Boat 
Spikes;  Steamboat  Shafts,  Cranks,  Pistons,  Connecting  Rods,  etc  Car  and  Locomotive  Axles  and  Frames, 
and  Iron  Forgings  of  all  kinds,  Iron  and  Steel  Bridge  and  Roof  Work  a  Speoialty. 

aiGHSST  PRICE  PAID  FOR  SCRAP  IRON  AND  STBEIi. 

tS"  Ordera  will  have  prompt  attention.    Send  for  Catalogues.    Addreaa 

PACIFIC  ROLLmO  MILL  CO.,  202  Uarket  St..  San  Francisco. 


FULTON     IRON    WORKS, 

HINOKLEY,  SPIERS   &   HAYES.  Proprietors. 


[ESTABLISHED    IN    1855.] 


TUSTIN'S     PULVERIZER. 


— MANDFACTURBRfl    OF— 

MARINE  ENGINES  AND  BOILERS.- 
Propeller  Enginea,  either  High  Preesure  or  Compound, 
Stern  or  Side-wheel  Engines. 

MINING  MAOHINERY.-Hotetlng  Engines  and 
Works,  Cagea,  Ore  Buckets,  Ore  Cara,  Pumping  Engines 
and  Pumps,  Water  Buckets,  Pump  Colmnns,  Air  Com- 
pressora,  Air  Receivers,  Air  Pipes. 

MILL  MACHINERY.— Batteries  for  Dry  or  Wet 
Crushing,  Amalgamating  Pans,  Settlers,  Furnaces,  Re- 
torts, Concentrators,  Ore  Feeders,  Rock  Breakers,  Fur- 
naces for  Reducing  Ores,  Water  Jackets,  etc. 

MISCELLANEOUS  MACHINERY. -Flour 
Mill  Machinery,  Saw  Mill  Engines  and  Boilers,  Dredging 
Machinery,  Powder  Mill  Machinery,  Water  Wheels. 

Tustin's  Pulverizer 

WORKS  ORE  WET  OR  DRY. 


ENGINES^BOILERS 

OF    ALL    KINDS, 

Either  for  use  on  Steamboats  or  for  use  on  Land. 

Water  Pipe,  Pxunp  or  Air  Colunms,  Fiah 
Tanks  for  Salmon  Canneries 

OF   BVBRY   DR80RIPTI0N. 

Boiler  Repairs  Promptly  attended  to  and  at  V9ry  moaerate  rates. 

AGBNTS  FOR  THE  PAOIFIC  COAST  FOR  THB 

X>e£k,xi.e  Stecixxi  X=*'u.z]a.ic3. 

SPEOIALTIBS : 

Corliss  Engines  and  Tastln  Ore  Palverizera.  DBANE    STEAM    PUMP. 

Agents  and  Manufacturers  of  the  Llewellyn  Peed  Water  Purifier  and  Heater. 


THE  GIANT  POWDER  COMPANY 

Manufacture  Three  ^aas  of  Powder,  which  are  acknowledged  by  all  the  Great  Chemists  of  the  World  as 

The  Safest  and  Strongest  High  Explosives  in  the  Marltet. 

Of  Different  Strengths  as  Required. 

NOBEL'S    i;XFI,OSITE     OUI^ATINS:,"    which  contains    94   per  cent  of  Nltro-Glycerlne,  and 

GXMiATlNK-DVNAAIlXE,  Strang:er  than  Dynamite  and  even  Safer  in  Handling. 

JUDSON  POWDER  IMPROVED. 

POR  RAII.ROADS  AND  IjAND  CI.£AKIN0.  Is  from  three  to  four  times  stronger  than  ordinary  Blast- 
ing Powder,  and-ls  used  by  all  the  Railroads  and  Gravel  Claima,  aa  It  breaks  more  ground,  pulverizes  better  and 
saves  time  and  money.     It  is  aa  dry  as  the  ordinary  Blasting  Powder  and  runs  as  freely. 

BANDMAMN,  NIELSEN  &  CO., 


OAFS  and  FUSS  for  Sale. 


8ENBBAL  AGENTS,  SAN  PBANCISCO  OAL. 


VAN  DOZEN'S 

STEAMjetPUMP 

For  IVator  Shb»I»1,v  TaiiUs. 

For  Fire  Poiiip  on  Vard  or  Swiicli  £aetuc«. 

For  KouiikI  BBwum'  ««'ii<TaB  '^Vorli.. 

ForWiraiiiiioprl'oBiKEs.  B»«1n.  t'oMi'r  Dam«.etc. 

10  Sixc».     »7  io  S75.     Tlio»M3ii»<l«*   iu  use. 

Write  for  DescripUvo  Pump  Circulur,  v 

VAN  DUZEN  &.  TIFT,  CINCINNATI,  O. 


QUARTZ  SCREENS 


ipecialty.     Round,  slot 
Or  burred  slot  holes.    Gen- 
uine Riwsia    Iron,  Homo- 
geneous Steel,  Oast  Steel  or  ^ 
American  planished  Iron. 

Zinc,  Copper  or  BtbBs  Screens  for  all  purpoaea. 

fornia  Perforating  Screen  Co.,  145  &  147  Beale  St. , 


Cali- 
S.  F. 


COAL  MINES  OF  THE  WESTERN  COAST. 

A  few  copies  of  this  work,  the  only  one  ever  published 
treating  of  Pacific  Coast  Coal  Mining,  have  been  ob- 
tained, and  are  for  sale  at  this  office  for  32.50  per  copy. 
It  was  written  by  W.  A.  Goodyear.  Mining  and  Civil 
Engineer,  formerly  of  the  Ualitornia  State  Geological 
Survey, 


N.  W.  SPAULDINQ 

Manufaoturers  of 


SPAULDING'S 

Inserted  Tootb 

AND 

CHISEL    BIT 

CIRCULAR 


Saws. 


SAW  MILLS   AND   MACHINERY 

Of  all  kinds  made  to  order.     Send  for  Descriptive  Cata 
logae.    17  and  18  Fremont  St..  San  Franolaoo 


Irop  apd  jiAachiiie  toork^. 


UNION    IRON  WORKS, 

SAOBAMBNTO.  OAL. 

ROOT,    NBILSON    &    OO., 

MAMUFAOTURBBB  OP 

Steam     Engines,    Boilers, 

AND  ALL  KINDS  OF 

MACHINERY  FOR  MINING  PURPOSES. 

Flouring  Mills,  Saw  Mills  and  Quartz  MUla  Machinery 

constructed,  fitted  up  and  repaired. 
Front  St,  hot.  N  &  o  Sts.,        Sacramento,  Oal. 


CALIFORNIA    MACHINE   WORKS, 

WM.  H.  BIRCH  &  CO., 

ENGINEERS     AND     MACHINISTS, 


No.  119  Beale  St., 


San  Francisco. 


EUILDRRS  OF 

Steam  Enginea,  Saw  Mills,  Mining  Machinery,  Dredging 
Machines,  Rock  Crushers,  Cable  Railway  Machinery, 
Ellithorp  Air  Brake  Co. 'a  Patent  Steam  and  Hydraulic 
Elevators,  Air  Cushiona  and  Air  Brakes.  HOSITIVE 
SAFETIES.  Improved  Ram  Elevators,  Sidewalk  and 
Hand  Hoists.  B.  E.  Henrickson's  Patent  Automatic 
Safety  Catches. 

MachineH  of  all  kinds  Made  and  Repaired. 
Orders  Solicited. 


Golden  State  &  Miners  Iron  Works. 

Uacafacture  Iron  Castings  )i:i ..  JIachlnery 
of  all  Kinds  at  Greatly  Bednced  Bates. 

STETBNSON'S  PATENT 

Mold-Board  AHALOAMATOBS, 
Golden  State  Pressure  Blowers. 

nrez  St..  between  Howard  A  Folsom,  S.  F. 


rHOMAS  TH0HF80N 


THORITTOH  THOHPSOH 


THOMPSON    BROTHERS. 

EUREKA    FOUNDRY, 

129  and  131  Beale  St.,  between  Mission  and  Howard,  S.F 

HANDFAOTURBRS  OP  0A8TINOS  OF  ■VSR'T  DBSORIPtION. 


Mining    Engineers. 


Bewick,  Moreing  &  Hooper, 

MINING  ENGINEERS, 

508  California  Street,  San  Francisco,  Oal. 

Suilolk  House,  Laurence,  Pountney  Hill, 

1  ionhon,  jc.  c. 

Lealce's  Buildings,  Johaaneaburg:, 
SOUTH  AtBICA. 

Report  on  mines  and  undertake  management  of  mining 
properties. 


W,  A.  GOODYEAR, 

Oivil   and   Mining   Engineer, 

MININO  EXPERT  abb  GEOLOGIST. 
Address  "  Business  Box  A,"  office  of  this  paper,  San 
Francisco. 


ROSS   B.  BROWNE, 

Mining  and  Hydraulic  Engineer, 

No.  S07  SAJ480HB  St.,  San  Frahoisco. 


Tioga  District   Mining  Company, 

Incorporated  June  11,1889.    Capital  Stock,  $10,000,000. 

BX7Y  AND  SELL 

California  Gold,  Sliver,  Quicksilver,  Copper 

and  Lead  Mines 

OF    ASCERTAINED    VALUE. 

Office,  No.  IS  PARROTT'S  BUILDING,  N.  W. 

Corner  of  California  and  Montgomery  Streets, 

SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 

WM.  B.  WIQHTMAN.  Prefl.      WM.  H.  V.  CRONISE.  Sec. 


BUSINESS     COLLEGE, 

24  POST  ST.,  S.  F. 
|jM>B      SEVENTT-FIVE      DOI^I^ARS    THIS 

V  College  Inatructs  in  Shorthand,  Type  Writing.  Book- 
seeplng,  Telegraphy,  Penmanahlp,  Drawing,  all  the  En- 
glish branches,  and  everything  pertalnlDg  to  buslneaa, 
for  aiz  full  montha.  We  have  sixteen  teachers,  and  give 
Individual  instruction  to  alt  our  pupUa.  Our  school  has 
its  graduatea  In  every  part  of  the  Snte. 

ttFSWSfD  FOR  OlEOITLAB. 

B.  P,  HEALD.  FrestdeDt. 
0.  S.  HALRT,  SecreUry 


INVENTORS.      TAKE       NOTICE  I 

L.  petersonTmodel  maker, 

258  Market  St.,  N.  E.  cor.  Front  (up  stairs),  San    Francsico 
Experimental  machinery  and  all  kinds  of  modela    Tin 
and  braeawork.    All  communications  Btrictly  confiden- 
tial. 


May  24,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


359 


DAVIDSON    STEAM    PUMPS. 

Risdon  Iron  and  Locomotive  Works, 


Boiler-Feed  Pumps, 
Tank  Pumps, 
Marine  Pumps, 
Wrecking  Pumps, 
Fire  Pumps, 
Brewery  Pumps, 
Mining  Pumps, 
Low    Pressure 

Pumr,s. 
Vertical  Pumps. 
Balanced    Hydraulic 

AND 

Heavy  PressureValve. 


S.  E.  COR.  HOWARD  AND  BEALE  STS.. 

San  Francisco. 


RISPON  IRON  WORKS  S.F.    CAL. 


Sugar  House  Pumps. 
Railroad  Pumps, 
Vacuum  Pumps, 
Air  Pumps, 
Circulating  Pumps. 
Tannery  Pumps, 
Hydraulic  Pumps, 
Elevator  Pumps, 
Independent  Air 
Pump  and  Jet 
Condenser. 
Artesian  or  Deep 
j    Well  Pumps. 


The  Only  Steam  Pump  Made  that  can  be  run  at  High  Piston  Speed  without  Shocli  and  with  Safety  to  the  Machine.    Piston  Rods 

StufQng-Boxes,  Valve  Seats,  Stems  and  Linings  of  Water  Cylinders  are  of  Best  Composition  Metal,  U.  S.  Standard. 
EVERY    P\MP    THOBOUGHIY    TESTED    BEFORE    LEAVING    FACTORY.  Sexica.    for    C3ata,losvios. 


NOTICE  TO  GOLD  MINERS! 


F^ojc  js.^^viixrc3r  cstOXjId: 


JUSTINIAN  CAIRE.  Agem, 

521  &  523  Market  St.,  San  Francitco, 

— DBALSR    IK — 

Assayers'  and  Mining  Material. 


— MANUPACTURBB    OP — 


QUARTZ.  QBAVBL,  OR  PLACER  MINES.  MADE  OF  BEST  SOFT  LAKF      DPBEIOB  COPPER 

Oar  plates  are  guaranteed,  and  by  actual  experience  are  proved,  the   hesi  In  weight  of  SlU  BATTERY  SCREENS  AND  WIRE  CLOTH 

ver  and  durability.     Old  Mining  Platea  Replated,  Bought,  or  Gold  Separated.     THOUSANDS 

OF    ORDERS    FILLED.  

SAN    FRANCISCO    NOVELTY,  GOLD,  SILVER    AND    NICKEL    PLATING  WORKS,  ^e"*  ^r  HOSKINS' 

108  and  112  First  St.,  San  Francisco,  CaL  HYDRO-CARBON   ASSAY  FURNACES 

US'  SEND  FOR  CIRCDLARS. 


Centrifugal  Boiler  Qaartz  Mill. 


IMPORTANT  TO  GOLD  MINERS! 

SILVER-PLATED  AMALGAM  PLATES  for  SAVING  GOLD 

IN    QUARTZ,    GRAVEL    AND    PLACER    MINING. 
PRICES  GREATLY  REDUCED. 

Only  Refined  Silver  and  Best  Copper  used,    Over  3000  Orders  filled.    Fifteen  Medals  Awarded.    Old  Mining  Plates  can   be 

Replated.    Old  Plates  Bought,  or  Oold  Separated, 

These  Plates  can  also  be  purchased  of  JOHN  TAILOR  &  CO.,  Corner  iTirst  and  Mission  8tB 

San  Francisco  Gold,  Silver  and  Nickel  Plating  Works,  653  &  655  Mission  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  E.  G.  Denniston,  Prop'r. 

Our  Plates  have  been  used  for  20  years. "  They  have  proved  the  best.    We  adhere  strictly  to  contract  In  weleht  of  Sliver  and 
OoDDer.      SKND  F     B  OIROUL.AK. 

:f"-     j^,     h  xj  i>a"  m"  I  ]xr  C3r  ■!?  o  isr. 

MANUFAOTUREB    OF  

CENTRIFUGAL  ROLLER  QUARTZ  MILLS, 

Concentrators  and  Ore  Crushers, 
Mining  Machinery  of  Every  Description.        Steam  Engines  and  Shingle  Machines. 

SEND    FOR    CIROULAB. 


GRANGER'S  ROLLER  STAMP  IVI!Ll 

Bfats  thera  all,  'Worka  dry  ores.   Makes  gt  en  gran- 
ulation.   JSo  diiad  work,  ]]fnce  minimum  wear. 

A.  P.  Gr.ANGEE,  Denver,  Colo. 


GRANGER'S  DRY  ORE  SEPARATOR 

The  very  best.  Uses  no  water.  No  freezing  up. 
Saves  hanlinR  waste.  Saves  higli  percentage.  Send 
for  circujare. 

A.  P.  GRAilGEE,  Denver,  Colo. 


A.  T   Dewey 
W.  B.  Ewer. 

GEO.H.aTB,ONQ. 


jDewey  &  Ce.'s  Scientific  Press  Patent  Agency {^seo^^^ 

Inventors  on  rhe  Pacific  Coast  will  find  lb  greatly  to  their  advantage  to  consult  this  old,  experienced,  first-claea 
Agency.  We  have  able  and  trustworthy  Associates  and  Agents  in  Washington  and  the  capital  cities  of  the  principal 
nations  of  the  world.  In  connection  with  our  editorial,  scientific  and  Patent  Law  Library,  and  record  of  original 
cases  in  our  office,  we  have  other  advantages  far  beyond  those  which  can  be  offered  home  inventors  by  other  agGDcies 
the  information  accumulated  through  long  and  careful  practice  before  the  Office,  and  the  frequent  examination  of 
patents  already  granted,  for  the  purpose  of  determining  the  patentability  of  Inventions  brought  before  us,  enables 
us  often  to  give  advloo  which  willBavQ  inventors  the  expense  of  applying  for  Patents  upon  Inventiona  which  are  not 
09W.  Cirouiara  of  advice  sentfree  on  receipt  o(  postage.  Address  DEWEY  4  CO.,  Patent  Agenla,  220  Market  St.,  S.F 


RUPTURE    AND     PILES. 

We  PosrnvivLY  Cure  all  kinds  of  Riiptura 
and  Rectal  Difseasos,  no  matter  of  how  lone 
fltanding,  iu  from  30  to  60  days,  without  the 
use  of  KNIKK,  DHAWING  BLOOIJ,  or  DETEN- 
TION FROM  mi.siNESs.  Temis:  No  Cure 
no  Pay;  anil  no  Pay  until  Cured. 
If  afflicted,  come  and  see  us  or  send  s  amp  for 
camphlet.  Address: 
DRS.  POBTBRFIELD  &  LOSBY, 
888  Market  Street,     -      -    San  Francisco. 


360 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Mat  24,  1890 


IMPROVED    BELT    FRUE   ORE  CONCENTRATOR. 


The  Best  Ore  Concentrator  in  the  market,  having  doable 
the  Capacity  and  doing  its  work  as  close  as  the  plain  Belt 
machine,  while  its  concentrations  are  clean.  It  is  nsed  in 
a  number  of  Mills,  the  most  notable  of  which  is  the 
Alaska  M.  &  M.  Go's  Mill,  where  24  Improved. Belt  Frues 
are  taking  the  Pulp  from  120  Stamps,  crushing  350  tons 
per  day,  and  is  giving  entire  satisfaction  as  against  48 
plain  Belt  Machines,  taking  the  Pulp  from  the  other  120 
Stamps, 

♦ 

Price  of  Improved  Belt  Frue  Vanner,  $900,  f.  o.  b. 
Price  of  Plain  Bell   Frue   Vanner,  $575,  f.  0.  b. 


Protected  by  Patents  December  22,  1874;  September  2 
1879;  April  27,  1880;  March  22,  1881;  February  20, 1883; 
September  18,  1883;  July  24,  1888.    Patents  applied  for. 


For  Pamphlets,  Testimonia  Ca] 
apply  at  office 


"X^'ijther  information 

.-■''0 


There  are  Over  2200  Plain  Belt  Machines  now 
in  Use. 

Thb  Montana  Cdufany  (Limited),  London,  October  S,  1886. 
Dbah  Sirs  ; — Having  tested  three  of  your  Frue  Vaoners  in  a  com- 
petitive trial  with  other  similar  machines  (Triumph),  we  have  satistied 
ourBelves  ot  the  superiority  ol  your  Yanners,  as  is  evidenced  by  the 
(act  of  our  havinf;  ordered  20  more  of  your  machines  tor  immediate 
delivery.    Yours  truly,         THE  MONTANA  COMPANY  (Limited). 

N.  B. — Since  the  ahove  was  written  the  20  Yanners,  havine:  been 
started,  gave  such  satisfaction  that  44  additional  Frues  and  more 
stamps  have  been  purchased.  ADAMS    &    CARTER. 


ADAMS  &  CARTEf?,?o  '"J'.fi.p'^flUE  VANNING  MACHINE  CO.,  Room  15,  No.  132  Market  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


CALIFORNIA    WIRE    WORKS 


EST.A.:^xjisn:E:ia  xsss.     i^xcom'oh.a tjesid  xsss. 


-MANUFACTURERS  CF- 


Steel  Wire  Rope, 

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flft    n\ 


WIRE, 

BARBED    WIRE, 
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WIRE    CLOTH. 

Full  Assortment  Always  in  Stock. 


OFFICE; 

9  Fremont  Street,  San  Francisco. 

Scad  for  lllUBtrated  Catalo^e. 


HALLIDIE'S 


Patent  \I\/\re  Ropeway, 


For  the  Economical  and  Rapid 

Transportation    of   Ore 

and  other  material. 


Erected  by  Us  During  the  Past  Fourteen  Years  in  Spans  ol 

200  TO  2.000  FEET. 


Simple,  Economical  and  Durable. 


TKANSPOBTATION    OF    OKE      BY    HAI-HDIE'S     PATENT    WIRE    KOPEWAY. 


HAVE   BEEN  THOROUGHLY  TESTED 
In  all  Parts  of  the  Country. 


PARKE    &    LACY  COMPANY 


-IMPORTERS  AND  MANUFACTURERS  OF- 


MINING,     MILL    and    GENERAL     MACHINERY. 


ENGINES,  BOILERS,  STEAM  PUMPS, 

AIR  COMPRESSORS,  ROOK  DRILLS, 
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CONCENTRATORS,  PULVERIZERS, 
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ROCK  BREAKERS,  DRY  JIGS. 

Bullock's  Diamond  Drills 


GOLDEN  GATE  CONCENTRATORS, 

GREATEST  CAPACITY  OF  ANY  CONCENTRATOR  MADE, 
One  Machine  Taking  Pulp  from  10  Stamps. 


SAW    MILLS,    MACHINE    TOOLS, 
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CAMPBELL'S    STEAM    FEEDS, 
MILL    and    MINE    SUPPLIES. 


C3r:EjrE:3Ft  a  Ti      .i£k.CrX3X<r'FS     FOfL 


WESTINGHOUSE    AUTOMATIC     ENGINES. 


OVJJVlr^O  U  JN  U,     6215  HOKSE  POWEK. 


SALES    DURING    ILAST    FOUR    MONTHS: 

ST  A  Mr>  A  T?  D  »3  ENGINES, 

0±J^±^lJ.a.£\lU,     4500  HOBSE  POWER. 


TTT-NTT/-V1D  166  ENGINES, 

J  U  i.N  l.\J£\t,     4260  HORSE  POWER. 


GrxTAZid.    Tota,!,    309    XJnslxies.    .^.ssx-es^^tlxxg   13.875    Horse    3E=»c»-co-er. 


21  and  23  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


189  Clarence  St.,  Sydney,  N.  S.  W. 


PERFECT  PULLEYS 

First  Premium  Awarded  at  Mechanics'   Fair,    1884. 

Sole  Licensed  Manufacturers  of  the 

BIEDART    PATENT    WROUGHT    RIM    PULLEY 

For  the  States  of  California,  Oregon  and  Nevada,  and  the  Territories  of  Idaho,  Washington 

Uontaua,  Wyoming,  Utah  and  Arizona.      Lightest,  Strongest,  Clieapest  and 

Best  Balanced  Pulley  in  the  World.      Also  Manufacturers  of 

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i^SBND  FOR  CiRODIiABS  ASD  FHIOB  LlST.*^ 

NOS.   129  and  131  FBBMQNT  STBBBT  BAN    FBANOISOO,  OAIi. 


Daj's  Improved  Qaartz  Stamp  Mill. 

This  Mill  is  designed  lor  the  Prospector,  the  Assayer  and 
Sampler  of  Gold  and  Silver-bearing  rock.  It  is  a  perfect  mill, 
built  entirely  ol  metals,  and  of  the  best  mechanical  construc- 
tion; will  amaigamate  perfectly  in  the  battery  or  on  plates. 
It  strikes  a  sharp,  heavy  blow  with  a  light  stamp.  Shipping 
weigh.t,  225  lbs.    Price  S75.    Address 

ATItAS    IRON    WOKKS,  Cor.  Napa  and    LooiAiana 
Streets,  Potrero,  SAN    FRANCISCO,  CAJL. 

N.  B.— Chapparell,  Butte  Co.,  Cal.,  Nov.  10, 1S89.— Mr.  Jas. 
Day,  Chico:  The  little  mill  is  a  daisy:  itcomesup  to  all  ex- 
pectations; it  works  perfect  in  all  respects.    Yours  truly, 

Wai-kee,  Reese  &.  Co. 


SAN    FRANCISCO,    SATURDAY,  MAY  31,    1890. 


Tbree  Dollars  per  Annum. 

Single  Copies,  10  Cts. 


VOL.     LX.-  Number  22 
DEWEY  &  CO.,  Publishers. 


Fler.    13.-AN    ICE    ARCH    OR    NATDRAL    TUNNEL    UNDER    A    GLACIER. 


The  Deep   Gold  Placers  of  California. 

NUMBER    rX, 

]VVritten  for  the  PnRSS  and  C  pyrifchted  18f>0,  by  Henry 
O:  Hanks,  F.  G.  S.  A.,  F.  G.  S.] 

Glacial  Rivers. 
There  are  natural  tuonels  and  paasagewaya 
DQder  all  glaclerp,  through  which  strearaa  born 
of  the  enowB  rush  with  great  impetuosity. 
Taeee  are  known  to  Alpine  travelers  ae  "ioe 
arches."  Fig.  13  is  from  Ooxe'a  "Travels  in 
Switzsrland." 

Ranning  water  adds  to  the  working  oapaoity 
of  the  glaoiers.  The  torrents  at  times  fl  jw  on 
the  Burfaoe,  at  others  plunge  down  the  ore- 
vaases  in  oataraote,  carrying  sand  and  stony 
fragmanta  which,  imp'oging  on  the  generally 
aoft  bedrooke,  wear  away  the  earfaoe  and  form 
the  so-called  "pot-holep,"  in  which,  when  an- 
coverad  ceaturiea  afterward,  worn  bowlders 
and  gravel  are  found  at  the  bottom  of  this 
natural  hydraulic  8haf^  revealing  the  agencies 
emnloyed  by  Ni'ure  io  this  work.  The  ore- 
viaaaa  naturally  cloae  or  move  on  and  appear 
like  empty  miniDg  ahafts,  the  water  finding  a 
naw  opening.  The  pot-holea  are  buried  oiit  of 
eight  and  remain  aa  occaaionally  diacovered  by 
the  venturesome  drift  or  hydraulic  miner  of  the 
present  time. 

Oa  the  ica-worn  coast  of  Njrway,  pot-holea 
of  unusual  aiza  are  fouud  uncovered,  which  no 
doubt  were  so  formed,  and  the  aupposition  is 
that  very  miny  more  exi^t  which  are  hiidea 
from  view  ;  they  are  called  "  giant  kettles." 

Uader   favorable    condition'-,    pot-holes    are 

sometimes  formed  in  river  beds.      Thia  may  as 

likely  take  place  under  a  glacier  as  in  the  bed 

of  a  modern  river  free  from  ice. 

Small  streams  generated  by  the  melting  ice 


also  flow  over  the  eurfaoe  of  glaciers,  descend 
through  fissures  and  connect  with  the  torrent  be 
neath.  When  a  large  stream  plunges  down  a 
orevasae  oataract-Hke,  it  is  called  the  "glacier 
mill"  or  "moulin." 

Numerous  subglaoial  stream?,  four*  of  them 
of  conaiderable  aiz^',  fliw  under  the  Alaskan 
Muir  glacier.  These  are  about  three  feev  deep  and 
from  20  to  40  feet  wide.  The  grade  is  from  150 
to  250  feet  to  the  mile,  which  causes  a  very 
rapid  current.  The  deeply-running  river  be- 
neath the  ice  can  be  distinctly  heard  by  a  per- 
son on  the  surface.  (Wright's  "Ice  Age  in 
North  America.") 

In  Greenland,  great  rivers  Bow  in  summer 
over  the  ice  sheet  and  are  precipitated  down 
gigantic  crevasaes. 

This  uoivereal    preaence    of    flowing    water 


under  glacial  ice  will  account  for  all  river 
phenomena  noticed  by  miners  and  soientifio  ob- 
aervers  in  the  deep  channels  of  California,  and 
if  is  not  surprising  that  early  gold  miners 
should  attribute  them  wholly  to  flaviatlle 
action. 

The  following  are  quotations  from  Tyndall, 
Coxp,  G-aikie  and  other?,  pertinent  to  this  sub- 
ject: 

*'  Having  admired  the  Arch  of  Ice, "etc.  ,  ,  . 
*'  A  glacier  so  covered  with  earth  and  atones  aa 
to  bear  at  a  short  distance  the  appearance  of  a 
small  hill  is  seen.  From  this  glacier 
issues  a  torrent  roaring  loud,  of  trou- 
bled water  which  is  the  source  of  the 
j  river  Aar.'*    .     ,     . 

"The  Aar  rnsbea  with  more   impet- 
uous rage  than  even  the   Khone  or   the 

/ 


RheasB,  and  it  ia  frequently  so  swelled  with 
torrents  as  to  ravage  all  the  sorrounding 
country.  We  saw  many  traces  of  these  ter- 
rible devastations." 

.  .  .  "Arrived  at  the  bottom  of  the  in- 
ferior glacier  forming  a  magnificent  arch  of  ioe 
from  which  issued  a  noisy,  rapid  torrent  of 
snow-water." 

*'  The  river  Arve  is  joined  by  the  Arveiroo, 
near  Ohamouni;  the  latter  emerges  from  a  gla- 
cier (Glacier  des  Boic).  An  ice  cliff  has  an  arch 
from  whioh  this  river  seems  to  have  birth,  the 
roof  of  which  in  summer  is  continually  falling." 

*'A  torrent  the  flret  source  of  the  Rhone,  in 
summer,  is  turbid;  in  winter  is  transparent  as 
crystal.  When  the  accumulation  of  snow  pre- 
vents it  from  flowing  under  the  glacier  of  the 
Furca,  it  forms  a  lake;  overflowing,  it  flows 
over  the  Ice  and  coatinuea  on  ita  oourae;  the 
Rhone  running  beneath  the  ice  could  be  dia- 
tinotly  heard."  .  .  .  "Daring  some  sea- 
sons the  river  Rhone,  a  gray  torrent  of  snow- 
water, iasuea  from  an  ioe  cavern." 

**  The  Rhone  bursts  in  two  streams  from  the 
bottom  of  this  glacier;  although  scarcely  three 
feet  deep,  the  water  rushed  with  such  violence 
as  nearly  to  overturn  the  guide." 

"It  was  cnrioua  to  observe  the  numerous  lit- 
tle rills  produced  by  collection  of  drops  occa- 
sioned by  the  thawing  of  the  ice  on  the  upper 
part  of  this  glacier."  .  .  .  "These  little 
rills  hollow  out  fiome  channels,  and,  torrent- 
like, precipitate  themselves  into  the  chasms, 
increasing  the  body  of  water  formed  by  the 
melting  of  the  interior  surface,  which,  finding 
an  outlet  under  the  immense  arch  of  ice,  flows 
into  the  valley  of  Ohamouni,"  etc. 

Rivers,  many  of  which  have  their  sources  at 
the  feet  of  mountain  glacier?,  follow  any  acci- 
dental depression  that  may  have  been  formed 
by  the  prime  causes  already  referred  to.  Water 
can  by  no  possibility  rise  over  Intervening 
high  lands,  but  must  find  its  way  as  beat  it 
can  always  downward  to  the  sea. 

A  crevasse  ia  at  flrat  a  crack  in  the  ioe  which 
widens  with  the  plication  of  the  mass  as  it  flows 
over  the  irregular  bedrock  below.  The  yawn- 
ing crevasaes  have  their  origin  in  similar  fis- 
sures. The  first  manifestation  of  a  new  fissure, 
according  to  Tyndall,  "  is  a  sound  like  an  ex. 
p'oaioD,  followed  by  the  rising  of  air  bubblea. 


Pig.    15-OREVASSE,    GRAND    PLATEAU, 


14-CREVASSE,    MEB    DE    OLAOB. 


362 


Mining  'and  "  Scientific  Press. 


[May  31,  1890 


The  first  crack  is  ho  narrow  as  scarcely  to  be 
aeec;  it  is  in  no  place  wide  enough  to  allow  the 
insertion  of  a  knife  blade." 

The  cracks  widen  as  the  ioe  stream  fif)WB, 
uQtil  they  form  broad  and  deep  chasma  extend 
ing  to  the  very  bottom  of  the  ioe  mass,  moving 
with  the  ioe  river.  Sometimes  they  qaite  close 
again,  and  are  obliterated  long  before  their  po- 
sition reaches  the  termination  of  the  glacier. 

They  often  connect  with  the  bo'^tom  of  the 
glacier  beneath  which  the  river  fljwa  with 
greater  impetuosity  than  in  open  channels.. 
Down  these  openioga  whole  trees  are  carried  by 
the  powerfal  streams  which  by  the  same  force 
are  stripped  of  their  branches  and  left  on  the 
bedrock  by  the  retiring  crevasse,  to  become  in 
after  ages  the  lignite  and  silicified  wood  which 
the  CiUfornia  gold  miner  pipes  out  of  the  hy- 
dranlic  banks,  or  the  drift  miner  meets  with  in 
his  tunnels  far  underground.  The  same  road 
coald  be  traveled  by  the  bones  of  ancient  ani- 
mals, and  if  it  is  true  that  human  implements 
are  sometimes  found  under  conditions  not  for 
merly  well  understoor',  may  not  this  be  at  least 
a  reasoaable  supposition  as  to  their  placement  ? 

Moulina  have  been  sounded  for  100  to  300 
feet  without  finding  bottom. 

In  the  valley  of  Hasli,  the  river  Aar  plunges 
down  A  crevasse  200  feet  deep. 

lo  1820,  three  guides  were  swept  by  an  ava- 
lanche into  a  crevasse  on  the  side  of  Mont 
Blanc;  forty  years  after,  their  bodies  were 
found  near  the  terminus  of  the  "Glacier  dee 
Bossons,"  miles  bnlow  the  crevasse  into  which 
they  fell.  Fig.  14,  after  Gaikie,  represents  a 
crevasse  in  the  Mar  de  G'ace.  Fig.  15,  is  from 
TyndaU'a  "  Forms  of  Water." 

Incipient  or  Snowdrlfc  Olaciers. 

While  the  working  oapacity  of  the  true 
glaoler  is  admitted,  we  may  not  ignore  the 
effects  produced  by  small  patches  of  snow 
which  come  and  go  with  the  seasons.  Lying 
for  a  time  on  the  steep  mouutain-sldes,  too 
transient  and  too  small  to  ba  dignified  by  the 
name  '*  glacier,"  they  yearly  perform  their 
humble  labors,  and  in  the  aggregate,  by  dint  of 
constant  work  while  they  Ust,  contribute  much 
to  the  detrital  matter  found  in  the  true  glacial 
channels,  the  canyons  and  watershed  of  the 
lower  foothills  and  plains. 

■I  had  au  opportunity  to  note  these  baby 
glaciers  during  a  recent  visit  to  Plumas  and 
Sierra  counties.  I  was  surprised  to  find  them 
all  at  work,  a  fact  demonstrated  by  the  small 
muddy  stream  that  issued  from  the  foot  of  each. 
A  close  examination  showed  that  matter  was 
bsing  loosened  from  the  mountain-sides  by  the 
alow  downward  movement  of  the  snowdrift, 
and  carried  away  in  water  melted  from  the 
snow  by  the  warmth  of  the  sun.  That  the 
anow  patch  waa  actually  moving,  glaoier-like, 
wfta  proven  by  cuvved  linea  on  the  surface. 
This  discovery  led  to  the  thought  that  the  work 
of  these  snow  bodies,  continued  for  centuriea, 
might  materially  assist  in  the  great  geological 
work,  the  evidence  of  which  was  seen  on  every 
side. 

The  amount  of  mineral  matter  crushed  by 
creeping  ice,  and  washed  away  by  mountain 
ioe-born  streams,  Is  enormoua.  The  effdcts  of 
this  atupendons  work  may  he  seen  almost  every- 
where in  the  high  Sierra  Nevada  mountains  of 
California.  I  have  from  Spanish  Peak  looked 
over  to  Pilot  Pdak,  and  from  Pilot  Peak  back  to 
Spanish  Peak,  across  the  great  undoubted 
glacial  erosions  of  Plumas  county,  a  sight  well 
worth  the  jourDRv  to  the  locality.  A  sketch 
view  ia  shown  in  Fig.  16.  [Thia  cut  was  incor- 
reotly  placed  on  page  337,  in  Article  No.  Vfl 
of  this  serieP]  and  is  here  reproduced.  The  out 
which  should  have  been  given,  on  that  pase  ie 
Fig.  7.  whioh  is  shown  in  this  issue. — Eos 
Press.] 

The  following  faotp,  selected  from  works  on 
this  subjact,  are  illu^^trative  of  the  great  geo- 
logical changes  wrought  by  ice: 

"From  the  foot  of  the  Aar  glaoler,  with  a 
oomputed  area  of  60  squire  kilometers,  not  the 
largest  in  Sn^itzertand,  440,000,000  eallons  of 
water,  containing  280  tona  of  sand,  flow  away 
daily  in  the  month  of  August." 

'*  The  Justedal  glacier  in  Norway  diachargee 
one  million  kilograms  of  sediment  in  one  July 
day,  and  the  total  annual  discharge  from  the 
ice-field,  covering  830  square  milep,  ia  esti- 
mated at  ISO  million  kilograms,  besides  13 
million  kilograms  of  mineral  matter  insolation. 
Aaanming  the  specific  gravity  at  2  6,  the  basin 
of  the  glacier  is  believed  to  lose  69,000  cubic 
meters  of  ^olid  rock  annually,  or  a  cubic  mass 
meaeurinfr  41  meters  a  side," 

Prof.  Wright  eatimates  the  whole  annual 
sediment  conveyed  to  the  bay  by  the  sub- 
glaoial  streams  of  the  Muir  glacier  in  Alaska  at 
33,274,804  oubio  yards.  "  This  would  furnish 
one  inch  of  sediment  per  year  to  be  epread  by 
this  single  glacier  over  the  bottom  of  Glacier 
bay,  confirming  the  recent  recession  of  the 
glacier  from  the  lower  portion  of  the  bay,  since 
otherwise  it  would  now  be  filled  with  sediment. 
Taere  are  four  other  large  glaciers  now  enter- 
ing the  inlet." 

Glaciers  frequently  scoop  out  lake  basins  or 
increase  the  depth  of  natural  depressions. 
Miny  attestitions  of  this  fact  may  be  seen  in 
the  Alps.  Some  of  these  lakes  cover  a  large 
ares,  and  like  hike  Tahoe  in  our  own  S^atp, 
are  very  deep.  Like  Maggiore  in  Italy  ia  1233 
feet  deep,  3S  milea  in  length,  and  from  3  to  7 
miles  wtde;  the  surface  is  640  feet  above  sea 
levdl.  The  Lake  of  Como,  also  in  Italy,  ia  30 
milea  long  and  its  extreme  width  is  2^  miles,. 
Its  greatest  depth  ia  1341  fee^  but  ita  average 
depth  is  much  less.  The  Lake  of  Qeneva  in 
{Continued  on  page  36U.) 


S0f^F^ESP0J^DEJ\'CE. 


We  admit,  unindorsed,  opinioDS  of  correypoiidents. — £ds. 


Note  on  Expelling  Coarse  Sand  From 

Settlers. 

[Written  for  the  P*iB^e.l 

If  settlers  were  made  on  the  principle  of  the 
rough  one  described  in  my.  little  book  on  ' '  Test- 
ing and  Working  Sllvar  O.ea,"  there  would  be 
leas  difficulty  in  getting  the  coarae  sand  out, 
and  any  lumps  of  rock  or  iron,  keys,  eto., 
which  might  and  often  do  fiud  their  way  Into 
the  settler,  would  ba  taken  care  of  without 
trouble  to  the  attandant  or  injury  to  the  ma- 
chine. 

When  I  took  charge  of  the  mill  here,  I  found 
a  number  of  boxes  full  of  coarae  material  whioh 
included  a  large  quantity  of  quicksilver.  This 
had  been  removed  from  the  settlers  from  time 
to  time  as  it  accumulated  in  them,  and  had 
been  something  of  an  elephant  on  the  hands  of 
the  millman  whose  only  method  of  diaposing  of 
i^,  to  a  greater  or  less  extent,  was  to  regrlnd  it 
in  the  pans  and  again  wash  it  in  the  settler. 

An  experienced  panman  who  worked  here 
knew  of  no  better  way  until  I  taught  him  the 
method  which  I  discovered  miny  years  ago, 
and  have  ased  with  satisfactory  result'',  even 
with  the  unscientific  settlers  usually  supplied 
with  mills.  This  method  ia  aa  followa:  Drive 
the  settler  at  high  apeed  as  possible  without  in* 
jary  to  other  machinery  (batteries  may  be 
uung  up  for  a  time  if  necessary);  fil  it  with 
water;  remove  a  plug  at  about  half-way  be- 
tween the  surface  and  the  bottom  of  the  water, 
and  in  ita  place  put  a  half  or  three-qairter, 
etc,  plug.  The  objsot  ie  to  allow  the  water  to 
escape  as  faat  aa  it  entera  (and  that  should  be 
as  faat  as  the  supply  pipe  will  deliver  it)  while 
still  keeping  the  settler  full.  Very  coarse  and 
heavy  sand  will  riae  to  the  outlet  and  escape, 
as  it  would  never  do  if  the  outlet  were  not  con- 
siderably b)low  the  surface  of  the  water.  In 
about  an  hour  the  accumulated  coarse,  heavy 
sand  from  etvjral  days  running  in  the  ordinary 
way  will  be  expelled,  and  no  quicksilver  will 
be  lost.  If  there  remains  a  little  still  coarser 
stuff,  as  lumps  of  rock,  etc.,  it  must  be  removed 
by  band  after  stopping  the  machine. 

The  knowledge  of  auoh  little  things  as  this 
contributes  to  the  difference  between  a  good 
millman  and  a  poor  one,  but  I  think  this  will 
be  a  pointer  to  several  pretty  good  millmen, 
and  may  be  so  to  aome  manufacturers  of  set- 
tlers. 

The  principle  of  a  settler  to  which  I  allude 
above,  and  which  is  but  imperfectly  carried  out 
in  any  settler  in  the  market  that  I  know 
of,  is  : 

lat.  By  rapid  motion  and  suitable  arrange- 
ment of  the  stirrers,  all  granular  matter  in 
kept  Buapended  in  water,  circulating  upward 
at  the  periphery  and  downward  near  the  center 
until' the  diffused  globules  of  qotcksilver  have 
united  to  form  maasea  too  heavy  to  be  lifted  by 
the  current. 

2d.  A  deep  groove  surrounding  the  false  bot- 
tom affords  to  these  maasea  of  quicksilver,  as 
83on  as  they  become  heavy  enough  to  remain  in 
it,  a  refuge  from  the  disturbing  action  of  the 
stirrer. 

3i.  The  construction  of  the  arma  and  their 
arrangement  is  such  aa  to  sweep  the  bottom 
from  the  cone  to  the  circumference  slightly 
rubbing  the  quicksilver  in  the  pulp  to  mike  it 
unite,  and  pushing  it,  aa  well  aa  rooka,  pieces 
of  iron,  etc..  into  the  groove,  while  the  false 
b3ttom  proj  acting  over  a  part  of  the  groove 
forma  a  reoeas  into  whioh  the  rockp,  etc.,  are 
forced  by  the  reactionary  water  current,  there 
to  remain  until  removed  by  the  operator. 

In  case  of  granulation  of  the  quicksilver,  cer- 
tain more  or  less  known  ohemical  effects  may 
be  utilized  to  asaisb  its  agglomeration. 

With  a  aettler  of  this  kind  it  la  nevdr  necea- 
sary  to  remove  the  lowest  plug  until  the  water 
has  to  be  drained  out,  and  if  the  quicksilver  is 
in  good  condition  the  loss  ia  not  greater  (it  may 
be  leat)  than  with  the  ordinary  machine,  for  no 
settler  cin  save  granulated  quicksilver  unless  it 
retains  also  a  quantity  of  sand. 

All  this  ia  explained  in  the  little  book  men- 
tioned, and  though  that  book  is  now  to  a  great 
extent  out  of  date,  it  ia  not  ao  in  thia  matter, 
for  I  have  yet  to  see  a  really  good  settler  for 
silver  mills  on  this  market.  The  worst  settlers 
are  those  which  have  plowshares  and  cuiti* 
vators  whioh  only  plow  up  the  sand  and  qaick- 
silver  together;  the  muUer  settlers,  with 
wooden  blocks,  are  not  so  bad. 

Santa  Lucia,   Honduras       C    H.  Aaron. 


Mines  and  Mills  of  Shasta  County. 

NUMR  Ck     III. 
[  From  our  Travclintf  Correspou  'ent.] 

When  I  last  wrote  I  was  on  my  way  to 
Shasta  town,  the  once  liveliest,  wealthiest 
place  in  Northern  California.  It  ia  now  a 
silent  camp,  comparatively,  still  there  are  a 
number  of  nice,  well  kept  residence?,  good 
hotel,  several  storee,  post  and  telegraph  offices, 
and  a  live  and  very  readable  newspaper,  the 
Shasta  Courier.  Baainess  comes  more  from 
the  surrounding  camps  than  the  town,  aa  the 
population  ia  not  over  300,  I  think.  The  main 
feature  of  the  place  ia  that  it  is  the   location  of 


theU.  S.  Lind  Office  for  thia  district,  but  this 
is  now  ordered  to  be  transferred  to  R3dding. 
Shasta  ia  by  all  odds  to  be  preferred  to  Ked- 
ding  in  summer  months.  Here  the  water  ia 
fine,  the  weather  fine,  and  the  aoenery  grand. 
Shasts,  as  I  see  her,  with  a  large  though  un- 
developed quartz  interest  surrounding,  will 
never  be  any  worse  off  than  at  present. 
If  they  would  develop  the  mines  here,  as 
they  would  the  same  properties  in  any  other 
county  of  the  State,  Stiaata  would  be  to  thip, 
aa  G  ."aaa  Valley  is  to  Nevada  oonnty,  a  very 
liveLr,  beautiful  mining  town. 

1 1  is  useless  to  give  any  detailed  account  of 
the  severa),  I  will  say  many,  qaartz  lodes  I 
saw,  some  of  whioh  by  development  would  no 
doubt  make  good  mines;  there  are  plenty  of 
them  within  a  radius  of  three  miles  around 
Shasta.  The  main  drawback  ia  want  of  water 
in  summer,  but  this  should  be  no  obstacle,  as 
the  Sacramento  river  is  within  3^  miles,  and 
all  dowohill.  The  time  ia  coming  when  along 
the  borders  of  the  Sicramento  river  is  going  to 
be  the  seat  of  the  greatest  gold-producing  sec- 
tions of  the  State,  for  the  reason  that  It  plows 
through  a  long  section  of  mineral  country — all 
through  Shasta  and  well  into  Siakiyon  county. 
It;  is  a  never*f ailing  stream  and  has  an  abun- 
dance of  water  at  the  lowest  atage  in  summer, 
and  from  Redding  up  there  is  a  lively  current 
that  can  be  utilized  for  power  by  current  float 
wheels. 

The  principal  mining  plant  in  the  vicinity  of 
thia  town  ia  the  Iron  Mountain  Company*  , 
located  some  seven  miles  north.  The  lode  is 
an  immense  odp,  in  aome  places  over  100  feet 
wide,  carrying  copper,  silver,  lead,  and  gold, 
with  iron  sulphurets  in  immense  quantities. 
The  ore  ia  worked  mainly  for  its  copper  and 
silver,  or  rather  I  should  say,  for  the  silver 
with  the  copper.  It  ia  first  crushed  dry,  then 
roasted  in  revolving  furnaces,  and  worked  in 
pans  with  quicksilver,  making  of  course  poor 
bullion,  and  a  heavy  lose  of  mercury.  If  this 
mine  was  in  C:)loTado,  Hill  would  matte  it; 
they  would  do  the  same  in  Montana,  and  why 
would  it  not  be  the  best  way  for  CtUfomia? 
Then  sen  the  matte  to  refiners.  I  will  not 
undertake  to  give  an  acoonnt  of  the  under- 
ground workingp,  which  are  quite  extensive. 

The  mill  consists  of  20  atampp,  16  combina 
tion  pans,  and  any  amount  of  accompanying 
maohinery.  They  have  ateam-power,  and  fine 
engines  and  boilers.  The  buildings  and  mine 
give  evidence  of  there  having  been  a  large 
amount  of  money  expended.  This  may  be 
considered  rather  a  meager  description  for  so 
large  a  plant,  but  in  the  absence  of  Mr.  Sallee, 
who  ia  superintendent  and  one  of  the  ownerp, 
it  waa  impossible  to  get  all  that  might  have 
been   had  by  consulting  him. 

There  is  a  shynesB  among  employes  in  giving 
informatioD,  whioh  they  are  not  to  be  blamed 
for,  nevertheleas  it  sometimes  is  well  to  talk 
a  little.  It  doean't  matter  much,  as  your  cor- 
respondent can  pick  up  enough  with  his  eyea 
for  practical  aud  inatructive  purposes. 


Mount  Cory  Mill. 

The  $750,000  mill  and  reduction  works  jast 
dismantled  at  Mount  Cory,  Esmeralda  county, 
Nev.,  waa  the  largest  atructnre  of  the  kind  in 
the  State  and  covered  an  area  of  several  acres 
of  ground,  and  several  million  feet  of  lumber 
were  oonaumed  in  its  construction.  Rollers 
weighing  13  tons  were  used  in  place  of  stamps 
for  oruahing  ore.  Toe  mill  waa  a  dry  crusher, 
and  after  the  ore  wss  pulverized  it  passed 
through  a  series  of  screen  apartments  and  duet 
chambei's,  and  was  fiaally  conveyed  into  huge 
redwood  tinks  to  go  through  a  chemical 
process. 

The  failure  of  the  Mount  Cory  ore  to  pay  is 
attributed  to  ita  containing  a  large  percentage 
of  lead,  the  silver  escaping  with  that  metal, 
from  which  it  was  impossible  to  separate  it  by 
the  proceaa  adopted  a<:  the  Mt.  Oory  mill,  Ita 
complicated  construction  ia  illuatrated  in  the 
etatement  o^  a  Cindelaria  mine*owner  who  says 
he  shipped  50  tons  of  high-grade  ore  from  that 
district  to  the  M^  Cory  mill  forreduc  ion.  Af- 
ter the  ore  waa  dumped  into  the  feedsra  or 
hoppers,  nothing  waa  ever  afterward  seen  of 
either  the  ore  or  the  metil  it  contained,  and  it 
ia  Buppoaed  that  the  pulverized  ore  waa  blown 
away  in  passing  through  the  dust  chambers. 

The  site  of  the  mill  ia  located  several  miles 
from  the  mine,  where  there  is  neither  fuel  nor 
water,  whereaa  at  the  mine  there  Is  plenty  of 
both.  There  is  no  mineral  patent  on  the  Mt, 
Cory  minp,  but  it  ia  covered  by  a  timber  patent 
including  3000  acres,  and  ie  therefore  not  re- 
locatable.—  Virginia  Chronicle. 


Little  Valley. — Two  experienced  prospect- 
ors are  preparing  to  start  for  the  head  of  Lit- 
tle Valley,  weBt  of  Franktown,  aa  soon  as  the 
anow  dieappeara,  to  search  for  the  quartz  vein 
from  which  the  gold  drifted,  found  in  the 
ravine  near  the  old  Marlette  millsite,  which 
waa  worked  by  the  hydraulic  process  in  the 
early  "sixties,"  and  is  said  to  have  yielded 
§160,000.  Qaartz  surfaoe-croppings  are  viPible 
at  several  points  on  the  divida  separatine  L^ke 
Tahoe  from  Little  Valley. —  Virginia  Chronicle 

The  Virginia  Chronicle  says  :  A  measure- 
ment of  the  water  flow  of  the  Caraon  river  by 
United  States  engineer  ooros  officers  phowa 
a  volume  of  2508  cubic  feet(iqual  to  125  000 
miners*  inches)  at  R^denbah'e,  and  30,000  at 
Woodford's. 


Coast  Industrial  Notes. 

Basalt  Blocks  are  no  longer  iu  great  favor 
for  paving,  the  tendency  bjing  toward  bitu- 
mlnns  rock. 

The  oable  for  the  Piedmont  ckble  road  haa 
arrived,  and  an  experimental  oar  h%a  nearly 
been  completed. 

TfiERB  are  several  hundred  men  employed  in 
thia  city  in  working  tin  and  sheet  iron  and  in 
making  metal  oornioea  for  buildings,  etc. 

li!  surveying  the  Grand  Canyon  of  the  Col- 
orado for  a  railroad.  Engineer  Stanton  and  party 
ran  a  line  aoroas  a  natural  bench  of  white  mar- 
ble that  extends  20  miles  down  the  oanyon.  It 
ia  wide  enough  for  a  four-track  road,  and  ia  at 
the  average  hight  of  SO  feet  above  the  river. 

The  Uaited  S  bates  is  at  present  the  only 
good  market  available  for  canned  salmon, 
mainly  on  account  of  the  low  prices  prtviiliog. 
The  principal  demand  is  for  Alaska  fish,  the 
greater  part  of  this  ye^tr's  pack  of  which  will 
probably  remain  in  the  Uaited  States,  although 
a  very  considerable  portion  is  of  inferior  grade. 
Of  late  years  a  trade  in  aeoond>clasB  brands  has 
been  worked  up  in  the  Southern  States. 

Authentic  reports  from  the  oil-flelds  in  Ven- 
tura county  are  to  the  effect  that  considerable 
excitement  haa  been  cauaed  there  by  an  in- 
oreaaed  flow  in  mtoy  of  the  oil  wells.  In  three 
wella  the  flow  increased  over  200  barrels  each 
in  one  week.  A  number  of  Pennsylvania  par* 
ties  are  looking  over  the  fiald  and  speak  very 
highly  of  the  prospect.  Considerable  money  is 
being  invested  in  development. 

The  revenue  from  the  manufacture  of  whisky 
has  entirely  ccaaed,  the  locil  distilUra  having 
been  totally  frczsn  out  by  Eastern  competition. 
As  one  of  the  men  who  was  once  in  th's  buei- 
neas  put  it  :  **  The  tax  on  whisky  ia  90  cents 
per  gallon,  and  Ekitern  men  sell  whisky  here 
for  @1.05.  Now,  they  either  furnish  the 
whieky,  the  casks,  and  pay  the  freight  out  of 
that  odd  15  oentp,  and  etill  make  a  profit,  or 
elae ,"  and  he  shrugged  his  ehoutderp. 

The  merry  bnzz-aaw  is  now  mangling  the  eaw 
logs,  and  the  tuneful  hum  is  pleaeant  mneio. 
The  Truckee  Lumber  Cj.  started  their  mill 
Monday,  and  the  B^oa  mill  commenced  work 
yesterday.  GiO.  Schaffer  wa^  intending  to  com- 
mence to  day.  The  other  milla  will  start  up  in 
a  few  weeka.  Moat  of  the  mills  have  logs 
enough  on  hand  to  last  a  month  or  six  weeka, 
and  by  that  time  the  loggera  c^n  gnt  into  the 
wooda  for  a  fresh  supply. —  TrucJcee  Republican. 

The  beet-augar  induatry  at  Alvarado  is  to 
have  ita  capacity  doubled,  so  that  300  tona  of 
beets  can  be  handled  per  day.  New  maohin- 
ery will  be  put  in,  and  it  will  then  require  12 
boilers  to  run  the  mill.  The  present  company 
thia  year  pay  out  $120,000  for  baeta  alone. 
Over  1500  feet  of  beet-shede  will  be  oonstruot- 
ei  at  once.  They  have  already  let  contracts 
for  1500  acres  of  beets.  The  total  expenses 
this  year  will  run  up  between  $250,000  and 
$300,000, 

DcRiNO  the  past  week  or  ao  there  ia  notice- 
able a  very  marked  falling  off  in  building  busi- 
ness. The  number  of  contracts  let  has  dimin< 
ished  perceptibly,  and  the  cause  ia  said  to  be 
the  introduction  of  the  eight-hour  movement, 
whioh  is  cqaivilent  to  an  increase  in  the  cost 
of  labor  amounting  to  one  ninth.  Architects 
mention  the  fact  that  intending  builders  have 
declined  to  carry  out  their  intentions  on  ac- 
count of  the  change  of  hours.  What  diminu- 
tion there  may  be  on  this  account  is  added  to 
by  the  approach  of  the  holiday  season  and  the 
attention  being  devoted  to  summer  pluaenrea 
beyond  the  city. 

Somh:  fine  blccka  of  marble  are  being  taken 
out  at  the  Inyo  Co.  quarry.  One  of  these 
weigha  15f  tcn> ;  it  ia  a  beautiful  atone  without 
a  fliW.  Mnch  larger  blocks  could  be  taken  out 
if  it  were  possible  to  ship  them .  There  is  a  block 
of  mosa-agate  marble  ready  for  shipment  that 
weighs  ten  tona.  The  beauty  of  thia  atone  can- 
not be  duly  appreciated  without  being  ae^n. 
The  mill  for  working  the  marble  will  be  pro- 
vided with  the  very  beat  michinery  and  most 
improved  appliancAa  of  all  kinds.  It  ia  a  aeri* 
ouB  losa  to  Owens  Valley  that  the  mill  is  not 
located  there,  instead  of  at  Verdi,  350  milea 
away  from  the  quarry. 

JVEAR  Cordelia,  or  Bridgeport,  Solano  Co., 
for  several  years  past,  there  have  been  from  50 
to  150  men  employed  on  the  low  hills  getting 
out  pavirig  blooks  for  San  Francisco  and  other 
cities.  It  was  a  thriving  and  busy  community, 
and  the  few  bnsineaa  men  in  the  place  were 
pro?peroua,  Q  tarrymen  and  blockmakers  re- 
ceived from  $2.50  to  $4  per  day  for  their  labor, 
and  B-idgeport  reaembled  a  mining  campM  the 
early  days.  Now  tbia  ia  all  changed.  R  cent 
advices  from  there  would  seem  to  indicate  that 
the  quarry  bjsineaa  ia  dead,  and  perhaps  never 
to  he  resumed.  So  far  the  prceot  season  haa 
not  been  an  auspicioua  one  at  Bridgeport.  The 
hills  are  tenantless. 

An  exaTnination  of  the  Internal  Revenue  Col- 
lector's books  discloses  a  remarkable  falling  off 
in  the  airount  of  the  receipts  from  the  tax  on 
cigara.  From  1882,  when  a  total  of  $988  606 
waa  collected,  to  1889,  when  only  $389,352 
van  paid  into  the  office  from  thia  source,  the 
decline  ha^  been  ateady,  and  about  in  an  even 
proportion  each  year.  Of  course  this  reduction 
in  revenue  meant  a  corresponding  reduction  in 
the  manufacture  of  cigars,  A  reporter  inter- 
viewed  several  cigar  manufacturers  aa  to  the 
reaaon  for  the  falling  off,  and  all  predicted  a 
diamal  future  for  the  business.    They  ascribed 


Mat  31,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


363 


Its  deoHoe  on  the  coast  to  their  inability  to 
compete  with  Kastern  tirmo,  and  also  to  a 
prtjadjoe  against  Pacific  Coait  cigars,  beoause 
of  the  impreaaioD  abroad  that  they  are  all  man- 
afactared  by  Cbioese  labor. 

Tiiif  mill-owners  of  Oakland  are  quietly  wait- 
ing for  Jane  lat,  when  the  day  ot  proceedioge 
granted  by  the  Cirpentera  and  Joioers'  Union 
ceases.  Thia  union  has  adopted  a  resolution 
enjoining  the  members  from  working  with 
non-union  men  in  the  same  buildinp,  or 
planing*mills,  or  atair  shops,  under  penalty 
of  fine  or  expulsion.  The  mllUowners  have 
adopted,  in  view  of  this,  the  following  : 
Re»olvtd,  That  in  order  to  cuanteraot  and  nul* 
ify  the  e£feot  contemplated  by  the  reaolution 
adopted  by  the  Oarpeoters*  Uoioo,  we  ran- 
tnally  pledge  ouraelvep,  one  with  another,  that 
we  will  not  hire  any  man  (for  at  least  two  weeks) 
who  oombioes  with  others  to  bring  about  a 
strike  on  any  building.  In  any  planing-mll),  or 
statr'buildiogahop  beoaoae  of  there  being  non- 
union men  employed  In  those  places;  and  be  it 
further  ruolved,   that  every  oontraotor,  mill- 


tbe  machines  tried  had  bruised  the  fiber,  and 
the  uae  of  water  was  necessary  to  work  it  by 
that  procaas.  The  Van  Buren  gets  the  fiber  ont 
in  perfect  condition,  and  there  ia  no  water 
required.  The  company's  plants  average  about 
four  feet  la  bight,  with  leaves  reaching  IS 
ioches  in  width.  In  the  IS  montha  the  doctor 
has  given  to  tbo  atody  of  the  industry,  be  has 
come  to  the  oonolualon  that  for  oommeroial  our- 
poaea  the  maguey  should  be  gathered  early  In 
the  year.  The  oompany  have  built  a  good 
wagon-road  to  the  coast,  twelve  miles  distant, 
where,  at  Sinta  Rosalie  bay,  they  have  one  of 
the  best  hiirbors  on  the  lower  ooaat.  Living* 
ston  k  Olark's  vessel  now  cirrlea  mail  for  them. 
It  Is  undecided  yet  whether  the  fiber,  when 
dry,  will  be  shipped  direct  from  Sinta  Eisille 
to  Eagland,  or  Sin  Francisco  and  reloaded  for 
the  old  country. 

TuK  Q-erman  bark  Ventura  is  dae  here  from 
Antwerp  with  $10t)  000  worth  of  beet-eogar 
maobinery  on  board.  The  machinery  was 
ordered  by  Olane  Spreckela  about  a  year  ago, 
hoping  to  set  it  up  in  time  for  this  year's  crop 


I  A  Famous  Manzanita. 

[Writteti  for  the  PkEsh  bv  J.  J.  Rivrha,  UniverBity  ot 
C&tlforola.l 

The  manzftnitas  form  a  pleasing  and  diatinot- 
ive  feature  in  the  natural  forest  flora  of  Call* 
fornis.  There  are  nearly  20  deaoribed  speolea 
suited  to  varioua  altitudes  and  conditions. 
Tbey  flower  at  different  seaaone,  but  always 
add  beauty  to  the  looality  that  bears  them  by 
the  tone  of  their  ahining  bark  of  rich  Torkey 
red  and  cinnamon  brown  that  give  ao  much 
warmth  to  the  slopes  and  hills  in  many  dis- 
tricts. 

There  are  three  species  of  manz»ntta  that 
grow  to  the  stature  of  small  trees,  viz.  :  Arc- 
tostaphylos  viscida  that  reaches  a  bight  of  15 
feet;  A.  Manzanita  And  A.  Otauca  that  attain 
reepectlvaly  a  bight  of  25  feet  and  G  to  7  feet 
In  circumference.  The  specimen  of  A.  Manza- 
nita illustrated  in  the  pboto-plate  on  this  page 
is  of  far  greater  dimensions  in  every  particular. 
The  oircumferenoe  at  the  base  meaaures  11  feet 


that  are  diverse  In  habit,  Conaider  the  great 
Arbulua  menzksii,  a  madrona  which  grows  to  the 
bight  of  100  feet,  and  from  20  to  25  feet  in  oir- 
onmference,  and  then  consider  the  beaatlful 
scarlet  snow  plant  of  the  Sierras,  Sarcodei  san- 
guinea;  then  those  of  culinary  worth,  the 
cranberry,  the  bilberry  and  the  bear-bsrry,  and 
the  useful  wintergreen;  then  come  some  for 
bsauty  and  cultivation  —  those  grand  pot- 
plants  the  heaths  of  the  African  Cape  and  the 
Sootchman's  heather,  and  from  our  Southern 
States  the  fine  kalmis,  and  for  California  add 
the  azaleas  and  rhododendron,  and  one  can 
form  an  idea  of  the  wonderful  viriety  in  form 
and  character  which  pertain  to  the  order  which 
includes  the  grand  manziDita  shown  In  the  en- 
graving.     _____^___ 

OpKNiNd  A  LnMiiKR  Railkoad. — The  Towie 
Lumber  Oompany  is  preparing  to  resume  opera- 
tioos  for  the  season,  and  a  force  of  meo  are  now 
npeninor  and  repairing  the  railroad  froml'jwle's 
Station  to  the  top  of  the  ridge  In  the  vicinity 
of  Ojaega  in  this  ooonty.     In  oleariog  the  road 


ARCTOSTAPHYLOS    MANZANITA    (Parry):    GROWING    ON    THE    ESTATE    OF    TIBURCIO    PARROTT,    ST.    HELENA,    CAL. 


owner  or  stair-builder,  wIiOBe  men  sliall  leave 
for  tlie  above-named  reason,  shall  give  the  sec- 
retary of  this  aaBociation  the  names  of  the  men 
BO  leaving,  and  the  secretary  is  hereby  in- 
Btrnoted  to  furnieh  the  same  to  each  member  of 
this  association. 

The  directors  of  the  Lower  California  Lind 
&  Fiber  Company,  which  owns  large  tracts  of 
land  on  the  peninsula  about  San  Borja  Mission, 
■  Bome  350  miles  below  San  Diego,  have  re- 
organizid  their  company  and  elected  their  for- 
mer bookkeeper.  Dr.  C.  Webb,  of  Manchester, 
Eogland,  as  manager.  He  has  ordered  in  San 
Francisco  one  of  the  new  Van  Buren  machines 
for  separating  the  fiber,  and  will  begin  work  as 
soon  as  the  machinery  is  ready.  The  maguey 
plant  grows  wild  all  over  that  region  and  Is  of 
as  good  a  commercial  value  for  manufacturing 
brusheB,  ropes  and  sacks  as  the  fiber  which  has 
brought  wealth  to  Yucatan  for  over  sixty  years, 
and  also  to  the  Bahamas.  In  those  sections  it 
is  called  "henguen."  The  growth  of  the  indns- 
try  In  Florida,  where  thia  new  separator  is  be- 
ing Buccesafully  used,  encourages  the  Land  & 
Fiber  Company  to  begin  active  developments 
after  a  half-dozen  years  of  unimportant  experi- 
ment.   The  doctor  explained  that  heretofore  all 


of  beets.  The  factory  was  to  be  a  duplloate  of  the 
WatsonviUe  mill,  and  one  of  the  many  mills 
which  the  Oooidental  Sugar  Co.  (iu  which  the 
Spreckels  hold  a  controlling  Interest),  propose 
to  erect  in  different  parts  of  the  S  ate.  The 
strikes  in  France  and  Garmany  delayed  the 
machinery,  and  now  it  comes  too  late  for  this 
season.  Owing  to  the  unsettled  state  of  sugar 
matters  and  the  aotlon  of  Congress,  it  Is  doubt- 
ful if  it  would  have  been  set  up  had  it  reached 
here  in  time.  The  machinery  will  be  stored 
until  the  fate  of  the  Tariff  bill  is  determined 
The  Spreckels  say  that  with  free  sugar  and  the 
bounty  systems  of  Europe  they  will  have  to 
close  their  mills.  Bset-seed  has  been  in  so 
great  demaiid  in  this  State  that  there  is  now  no 
more  to  he*  distributed.  It  can  be  had  in 
small  quantities  at  .^0  oents  a  pohnd. 
There  are  2500  acres  in  beets  near  Watson- 
viUe this  year.  If  the  crop  is  as  good  as  last 
year,  there  should  be  35.000  tons  of  beets  for 
the  crusher. 


It  is  proposed  to  build  a  large  water-storage 
dam  on  Lynx  creek,  eight  miles  east  of  Pres 
cott,  A.  T.,  for  hydraulic  mining  and  for  irri 
gatlon  purposes,  at  a  cost  of  $250,000. 


6  inches;  at  2J  feet  above  the  base  it  yields  a 
measurement  of  11  feet  8  inches.  Above  this 
point  the  tree  bifurcates  each  division,  giving  a 
oircumferenoe  of  7  feet  5  inches;  at  two  feet 
higher  more  forks  occur  where  oiroumferenoes 
are  plentiful  that  record  3  feet  9  inchep,  3  feet 
10  inchep,  4  feet,  i  feet  6  inchep,  4  feet  7  inohea. 
The  general  hight  of  the  tree  is  30  to  35  feet 
and  the  spread  of  the  head  is  36  by  30  feet. 

This  remarkable  manziniti  his  a  very  pro- 
portionate growth— a  habit  not  characteristic 
of  the  genus.  It  ia  growing  on  the  estate  of 
Tiburcio  Pirrott,  St.  Helena,  Napa  county.  It 
is  in  deep,  rich  soil  and  in  the  vioinity  of  a 
spring.  These  facts  snggest  that  it  is  not 
axiomatic  to  say  that  where  manzinltas 
grow,  the  land  is  poor;  but  where  large  man- 
zjnitaa  grow  the  land  is  rich,  and  where  small 
ones  grow  the  land  is  poor;  and  this  equally 
applies  to  many  other  trees.  If,  added  to  good 
land,  the  lawB  of  forestry  were  applied  to  the 
trees,  to  induce  the  growth  of  longer  lengths  of 
timber,  a  rich  and  valuable  wood  would  be 
added  to  the  cabinet-maker's  stock. 

The  marzinitas,  belonging  as  they  do  to  the 
order  Ericacea,  have  some  very  peculiar  allies. 
'  California  yields  two  very  diverse  congeners 


last  week  the  snow  was  found  to  b3  nine  feet 
deep  on  the  ridge  between  Towle's  Station  and 
Baar  valley,  hut  in  the  valley  the  snow  is  not 
very  deep.  In  the  Steep  Hollow  region  the 
anew  ia  yet  quite  deep.  The  company  has  a 
aawmill  in  Bear  valley  and  one  at  Steep  Hol- 
low, at  which  sawing  will  be  done  the  present 
season.  This  year  the  Bjsr  valley  mil!  will 
about  use  up  the  available  timber  owned  by 
the  oompany  in  that  looality,  but  there  are 
years  of  work  for  the  mill  »t  Steep  Hollow,  to 
be  supplied  from  the  timber  in  that  vicinity 
and  on  the  Omega  ridge.  Basides  this  source  of 
supply,  the  company  owns  an  extenaive  body 
of  timber  laid  on  the  north  side  of  the  Yuba 
river,  which  will  be  made  available  In  a  few 
years.  As  soon  as  the  railroad  la  cleared  of 
snow  the  mills  will  be  started  up,  but  it  will 
be  from  two  to  three  weeks  yet  before  men 
and  teams  can  go  into  the  woods  to  commence 
the  work  of  cutting  and  hauling  logs.— Grass 
Valley  Union. 

The  hoisting-house,  blacksmith  shop,  dry- 
house  and  oiBoe  of  the  Hartery  Mining  Com- 
pany, in  Graas  Valley  district,  were  burned  to 
the  ground  Saturday  night. 


364 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Mat  31,  1890 


n^lNIJ^JG   gUMMAF^Y, 

The  following  Is  mostly  coudensed  from  Jouroala  published 
Id  the  Interior,  in  proximity  to  the  mines  mentioned. 


CALIFORNIA. 

Amador. 

The  Gardner  Uiu'E..— Dispatch,  May  24:  Mr. 
Robert  Stevens,  one  of  the  owners  of  the  Gardner 
mine,  states  that  it  is  the  intention  of  the  company 
to  baild  a  good  mill  on  the  mine  right  away.  In 
fact  lumber  is  already  being  hauled  up  for  the  pur- 
pose of  putting  up  the  necessary  buildings  to  be 
used  by  the  workmen  while  engaged  in  building  the 
mill.  We  also  understand  that  the  company  con- 
template purchasing  the  .McKenzie  mine  and  other 
properties  in  that  vicinity,  all  of  which  will  hereafter 
be  known  as  the  Chnton  Con.  mine. 

Plymouth  Con. — Ledger,  May  24:  Forty  stamps 
of  the  Pacific  mill  are  kept  running  steadily.  Some 
70  men  are  at  work,  and  more  are  being  employed 
almost  daily. 

New  London. —This  mine  continues  to  do  well 
under  the  able  management  of  Humphrey  Reese. 
It  gives  employment  to  80  men,  and  the  mill  of  40 
stamps  is  kept  movmg  to  its  full  capacity.  The 
prospects  of  Plymouth  have  materially  improved 
wiih  the  revival  of  mining  interests.  The  Reeves 
mine,  we  are  told,  is  giving  encouraging  results,  and 
good  ore  has  been  discovered  on  Alpine  ground,  and 
each  of  these  properties  will  help  to  impart  new  life 
to  Plymouth. 

Amador  Gold  Mine.— At  this  mine  they  are  get- 
ting things  in  shape  as  rapidly  as  possible  for  the 
starting  up  of  the  mill.  The  rock-breaker  is  in 
place,  the  ore-bin  is  full  of  rock,  the  track  to  the 
mill  is  getting  in  order  for  the  conveyance  of  ore, 
and  everything  betokens  that  the  long- looked- for 
and  much-deferred  dropping  of  the  stamps  is  close 
at  band, 

McKenzie.  —The  Huntington  roller-mill  has 
been  shut  down,  probably  for  keeps.  The  MuKen- 
zie  brothers  have  gone  to  San  Francisco  for  the  ex- 
press purpose  of  making  arrangements  for  building 
a  ten-stamp  mill. 

Sutter  Creek.— The  mines  are  runnine;  along 
in  the  usual  way.  Mr.  Stewart  has  let  a  contract  to 
sink  a  shaft  some  depth,  the  object  being  to  strike 
the  ledge  at  a  lower  level,  which  it  is  expected  will 
develop  the  mine  into  a  still  better-paying  property. 
The  development  of  other  mines  in  this  vicinity, 
which  has  been  in  contemplation  for  some  tim  ,  is 
expected  to  be  started  in  the  near  future, 

Calaveras. 

Big  ¥mu.— Prospect,  May  24:  It  is  told  that  a 
find  has  been  started  on  Wheats  Ranch  after  a  depth 
of  eight  feet  was  attained,  which  is  the  most  wonder- 
ful affair  of  the  kind  ever  known  in  this  county.  Mr. 
J.  D.  Cook  brought  into  Assessor  Luddy's  office 
the  other  day  a  specimen  of  the  ore  from  the  dis- 
covery, and  Mr.  Luddy  says  it  is  the  finest  speci- 
men he  ever  saw.  At  a  later  day  we  will  give  a  de- 
tailed account  of  the  mine. 

Big  Cleanup.— Calaveras  Chrofiiclc,  May  24: 
We  are  informed  that  the  Loue  Star  mine,  after  a 
two-weeks'  run,  yielded  over  114  ounces.  The 
future  prospects  of  the  mine  are  exceedingly  flatter- 
ing. It  has  a  ten-foot  ledge  which,  to  all  appear- 
ances, will  furnish  pay  ore  for  years  to  come. 
Bl  Doraao. 

Georgetown.— (7(7s«W^,  May  24:  Idle  men  are 
scarce  just  now  about  this  camp.  As  the  season 
progresses  the  demand  for  laborers  increases.  The 
building  of  the  new  school-house  and  other  build- 
ings, in  addition  to  the  contemplated  extensive  im- 
provements  on  the  property  of  the  California  Water 
Co.,  will  make  lively  times  here  this  summer.  Ex- 
tensive mining  operations  are  also  in  a  fair  way  of 
being  started  up. 

Tunnel. — Work  on  the  new  tunnel  on  the  Jose- 
phine mine  at  Volcanoville  is  progressing  under 
Supt.  L.  Evans  with  favorable  results.  The  new,  or 
No.  s  tunnel,  is  now  in  400  feet,  running  on  the 
vein  1000  feel  deeper  than  the  deepest  workings  of 
the  mine.  At  present  they  have  two  veins,  one 
three  feet  in  width  on  west  side,  and  the  other  four 
feet  thick  on  east  side  of  tunnel,  within  a  few  feet  of 
each  other.  Mr.  Evans  brought  down  samples  of 
the  quartz  on  Tuesday,  which  he  sent  to  S.  F.  The 
ore  from  the  east  vein  appears  rich  in  silver  as  well 
as  gold.  The  west  vein  shows  well  in  free  gold. 
The  Josephine  lode  will  be  tapped  at  a  depih  of 
1600  feet  by  this  tunnel,  and  the  best  chute  which 
paid  so  well  above,  has  not  yet  been  reached.  Sev- 
eral promising  quartz  prospects  in  this  vicinity  are 
receiving  the  attention  of  parties  in  search  of  milling 
propositions.  Al.  E.  Brass  and  Robt.  Moherter  of 
the  North  Star  gravel  mine  near  Volcanoville,  were 
in  town  this  week.  This  mine  adjoins  the  Flora 
mine.  The  boys  have  completed  a  400-foot  tunnel, 
the  face  of  which  is  some  500  feet  below  the  surface. 
They  are  now  raising  up  for  the  bed  of  the  ancient 
channel. 

Inyo. 

New  Borax  Discovery.— /wrfcr.  May  24: 
Messrs.  W.  T.  Grant  and  A.  W.  Nobles  came  in 
from  Salt  Wells  Valley,  last  week  bringing  with 
them  samples  of  almost  pure  borax  in  the  form  of 
'•cotton  balls."  The  new  discovery  is  over  the 
ridge  from  Searles  marsh  and  within  a  few  miles  of 
the  Carson  &  Colorado  railroad  survey  on  the  line 
of  the  proposed  extension  to  Mohave.  The  find 
promises  to  prove  valuable.  The  gentlemen  named, 
together  with  Surveyor  Seeley  and  Mr.  Young,  a 
borax  expert,  have  returned  to  the  scene  of  the  new 
discovery. 

Mariposa. 

Bear  Valley  Mines.- Mariposa  News,  May  24: 
The  raining  operations  which  have  been  carried  on 
for  the  past  two  years  under  the  management  of  the 
Mariposa  Commercial  and  Mining  Co.  have  been 
casually  designated  as  "  prospecting."  The  opera- 
tions at  the  Pine  Tree  and  Josephine  mine  near 
Bear  Valley,  show  an  amount  of  work  performed 
which  will  surprise  any  one  who  may  have  the  time 
and  opportunity  of  investigation.  Work  was  com- 
menced under  the  present  management  in  Novem- 
ber, 1887,  at  the  mouth  of  the  English  Trail  drift. 
This  was  originally  run  in  1083  feet.  The  present 
company  cleaned  out  the  tunnel  and  retimbered  it 
where  the  caves  had  occurred,  laid  a  T  rail  track, 
put  in  a  new  bulkhead  at  the  Fremont  shaft  and 
dug  new  water  drains  the  entire  length  of  the  tun- 
nel. They  used  the  Burleigh  drill  worked  by  air 
compressor   and  had    to  run   a   pipe  from  the  com- 


pressor-room to  the  English  trail  drift,  a  distance  of 
two  miles.  They  carried  65  pounds  pressure  at  the 
mill  and  had  sufficient  power  at  the  mine  to  run 
three  drills  and  the  blacksmith  forge,  besides  fur- 
nishing the  necessary  ventilation.  After  reaching 
the  terminal  point  of  the  old  drift,  1083  feet  from 
the  mouth,  the  tunnel  was  run  223  feet  to  the  turn- 
table, where  it  cuts  the  Josephine  and  Pine  Tree. 
These  two  ledges  come  together  about  60  feet  north 
of  this  point.  From  the  turntable  above  mentioned, 
this  drift  has  been  cohtinued  400  feet  south,  making 
a  total  length  of  the  main  tunnel  of  1706  feet,  of 
which  623  feet  has  been  cut  by  this  company.  At 
the  turntable  referred  to  a  drift  was  started  north  on 
the  Pine  Tree  ledge  and  continued  until  the  ledges 
separated  and  diverged,  when  it  was  further  con- 
tinued upon  the  footwall  of  the  Josephine,  a  dis- 
tance of  250  feet.  The  mine  has  been  prospected 
by  9  crosscuts.  The  first  shoot  of  ore  which  was 
developed  under  the  present  management  was  dis- 
covered at  the  turntable,  1306  feet  south  of  the 
mouth  of  the  main  tunnel.  It  has  been  drifted  on 
a  distance  of  223  feet.  This  ledge  is  very  large  and 
strong,  averaging  from  8  to  3^  feet  in  width.  The 
value  of  this  ore  on  the  footwall  is  estimated  at  $8 
ner  ton.  The  balance  of  the  ledge  will  go  about  $4. 
From  the  openings  of  these  two  shoots  ol  ore  there 
have  been  1300  tons  extracted  and  piled  on  the  dump 
and  about  500  tons  stored  in  the  mine.  Altogether 
after  a  thorough  exploration  of  the  premises  and 
from  some  little  experience  and  personal  observation 
of  quartz  mining,  the  conclusion  is  reached  that  the 
company  has  a  veritable  bonanza  uncovered,  that 
the  Pine  Tree  and  Josephine  mines  were  never  in  as 
good  shape  for  working,  and  that  the  prospecting 
has  been  done  with  good  judgment  and  shows  on 
the  part  of  Superintendent  Cross  a  practical  knowl- 
edge of  mines  and  methods  of  mining. 
Sbasta. 

Gold.  — Shasta  Courier,  Ma^y  z^:  The  striking 
of  a  new  gold  mine  a  mite  or  two  north  of  town  by 
Cunningham,  Drummond  &  Co.,  and  the  taking 
out  of  ahout  $1000  in  pure  gold  in  a  few  days  and 
at  a  depth  of  not  to  exceed  13  feet,  is  pretty  good. 
The  surface  prospect  which  resulted  in  finding  this 
lead  was  found  dirtctly  in  an  old  trail  over  which 
thousands  of  feet  have  traveled  in  years  past.  The 
fact  is  people  about  Shasta  don't  know  how  much 
gold  there  may  be  within  a  few  feet  of  them. 

Activity. — Redding /^r^e  Press,  May  24:  Activ- 
ity in  mining  is  in  order  with  the  advent  of  warm 
weather,  and  we  hear  of  several  important  deals 
about  to  be  made.  It  is  rumored  that  in  the  Old 
Diggings  district  a  sale  is  about  to  be  consummated 
that  will  bring  in  more  capital  and  fresh  vitality. 
The  mines  of  this  district  are  all  looking  up  and 
the  owners  are  sanguine  of  a  prosperous  year. 
The  Hart  &  Fleming  mine  continues  very  rich  at 
greater  depth,  and  at  present  shows  a  rich  body  of 
ore.  Only  six  miles  from  Redding,  in  this  district 
especially,  are  our  hopes  concentrated. 

On  Squaw  Creek  the  mines  are  looking  well. 
The  Sierra  Bultes  M.  Co.  is  engaged  in  running 
a  long  tunnel  several  thousand  feet,  by  which  they 
expect  to  strike  the  ledge  and  a  large  body  of  ore 
iroo  feet  from  the  surface,  which  in  Shasta  county 
is  quite  deep.  This  compiny  is  wealthy  and  all 
its  operations  are  on  an  extensive  scale  and  calcu- 
lated to  develop  its  property  in  a  systematic  man- 
ner. The  Carson  &  Snyder  mine  owners  recently 
made  a  cleanup  of  $6000  on  a  short  run  with  their 
mill,  which  is  very  encouraging.  Work  on  the 
Croesus  and  Clipper  is  being  prosecuted,  and  we 
expect  at  any  time  to  hear  of  these  small  companies 
being  gobbled  up  by  some  large  syndicate  of  capi- 
tal, which  is  only  necessary  to  develop  bonanzas. 
The  Riley  &  Bliss  mine  will  again  start  up  inside 
of  a  week. 

On  Klein  Gulch,  in  the  French  Gulch  district, 
a  big  deal  is  on  the  tapis.  The  Gladstone  has  de- 
veloped a  wonderful  wall  of  paving  ore  and  is  con- 
sidered excellent  mining  property  by  experimental 
mining  men.  There  are  also  other  locations  ad- 
joining that  promise  well,  and  as  we  said  before,  a 
deal  is  in  hand  to  secure  several  of  these  mines 
under  one  management.  The  Snyder  mine,  an 
interest  in  which  was  not  long  since  sold  for  some- 
thing like  $5000,  is  now  held  at  $15,000  and  con- 
sidered cheap  at  that  figure. 

Bowlders  — The  bowlders  of  Castle  creek,  some 
12  miles  from  Castle  crag,  the  place  where  HufFacre 
has  recently  started  a  store,  and  expects  to  build  a 
town,  have  been  turned  to  some  use.  When  the 
report  was  first  circulated  that  these  bowlders,  lying 
on  the  surface  of  the  ground,  prospected  rich  in  gold, 
people  here  thought  it  was  a  huge  joke,  but  from 
reliable  sources  we  have  found  it  to  bs  a  fact.  The 
ground  is  covered  with  huge  bowlders  containing 
gold,  and  rich  ledges  are  no  doubt  close  by.  Con- 
siderable attention  is  being  directed  to  this  camp, 
which,  it  is  thought,  will  shortly  develop  into  one 
of  importance. 

Pocket  Mines.  —  The  past  winter  has  been 
fruitful  for  pocket  hunters  and  those  searching  for 
seam  diggings.  The  district  directly  west  from 
Redding  has  been  rich  in  these  kinds  of  spots,  and 
at  the  present  time  several  parties  are  making  a 
good  thing  out  of  pockets  and  seams  recently  dis- 
covered. This  district  has  in  the  past  been  unfort- 
unate so  far  as  well-defined  ledges  are  concerned, 
and  the  numerous  reports  of  rich  strikes  that  have 
not  materialized  have  destroyed  confidence,  but  of 
late  there  seems  to  have  been  made  a  better  show- 
ing. The  Gem  and  Hartman  mines  show  large 
bodies  of  ore  with  indications  of  depth,  and  maybe 
the  district  will  become  as  popular  as  in  the  old  days 
of  placer  mining. 

Slstiyou. 

Know-Nothing  Creek.  — Cor.  Trinity  Jouy^al, 
May  24;  We  have  experienced  an  extremely  se- 
vere'wioterin  this  section,  resulting  in  much  damage 
to  improvements  necessary  for  the  operation  of  the 
mines.  On  Know-Nothing  Creek  the  damages 
are  partially  repaired.  On  our  property,  which 
sustained  considerable  damage,  everything  has 
been  restored  to  complete  running  order,  thus  en- 
abling us  to  work  our  mine  to  great  advantage, 
and  also  to  resume  operations  with  our  mill,  which 
were  suspended  all  winter  and  early  spring  from 
the  results  of  deep  snows,  snowslides  and  land- 
slides. We  commenced  running  our  mill  on  April 
30tb.  I  will  make  a  few  remarks  on  the  mining 
outlook  of  the  Salmon  river  in  general.  The  indi- 
cations for  the  ensuing  season  of  quartz  mining  are 
very  favorable,  and  a  handsome  output  of  bullion 
this  coming  season  is  quite  assured.  Among  the 
more  important  mills  in  operation  on  the  Salmon 
are    the    world-renowned    Black    Bear,    owned    by 


Hon.  John  Dagget,  and  the  Gold  Ball  Mining  Co.'s 
mill.  From  authenic  reports  the  outlook  in  the 
mines  that  furnish  the  ore  for  these  mills  is  very 
promising.  Hydraulic  mining  on  the  Salmon  is  a 
considerable  industry,  furnishing  employment  to 
quite  a  number  of  people.  The  output  of  bullion 
from  these  mines  with  an  assured  long  season  of 
water,  supplied  by  the  deep  deposits  of  snow,  is 
anticipated  to  be  very  handsome. 

Oro  Find.- Cor.  Yreka  Union^  May  24:  Among 
other  places  of  interest  we  visited  Oro  Fino,  where 
we  found  the  mining  in  full  blast.  The  Eastlick 
Bros.'  giant  was  throwing  water  against  the  bank 
of  earth.  We  also  visited  the  famous  Wright  & 
Fletcher  mine,  and  found  Mr.  Wright  and  his  as- 
sistant, Dock,  just  in  the  act  of  putting  their  pon- 
derous giant  to  work  on  a  mound  of  earth  that  is 
destined  to  pay  away  up  in  the  thousands,  judging 
from  a  prospect  that  we  were  shown  by  the  oblig- 
ing proprietor.  We  were  then  conducted  by  Mr, 
Wright  to  his  elevator,  and  it  is  wonderful  10  see 
its  workings.  Bowlders,  debris  and  other  refuse  is 
forced  by  the  pressure  of  water'through  an  inclined 
pipe  30  or  40  feet  long,  and  makes  its  confluence 
into  a  tail-race,  which  carries  all  the  deposit  away. 
Without  controversy,  these  mines  are  the  best  in 
Northern  Cahfornia. 

Trinity. 

Canyon  Creek  Quartz  — Journal,  May  24: 
W.  J.  Grigsby  gave  us  the  following  items  concern, 
ing  the  Canyon  Creek  quartz  mine:  The  Buck'; 
Ranch  mire,  owned  by  Grigsby  &  Shock,  has  a 
ledge  14  feet  wide  from  wall  to  wall,  and  with  ex- 
tensions has  been  uncovered  on  the  surface  for 
about  4000  feet.  The  ore  carries  free  gold  and 
but  little  sulphurets  and  is  good  milling  rock;  40 
tons  run  through  the  arastra  paid  satisfactorily  for 
the  method  of  crushing.  The  heavy  winter  pre- 
vented much  development  work;  a  tunnel  has  been 
run  in  about  100  feet,  and  two  men  have  been  put 
to  work  on  an  incline;  open  cuts  have  opened  up 
the  ledge  along  the  surface.  They  are  now  work 
ing  on  the  extension  and  will  b?gin  crushing  30 
tons  of  ore  from  it,  which  is  higher  grade  rock 
than  the  main  ledge.  They  crush  the  rock  by 
means  of  an  arastra  put  up  last  fall,  which  Mr. 
Grigsby  designed  and  is  a  decided  improvement  on 
the  ordinary  arastra.  It  is  self-discharging  and 
has  a  working  capacity  of  6  to  7  tons  a  day;  it  has 
crushed  •]%  tons  in  24  hours.  It  is  far  better  than 
a  mill  for  all  prospecting  purposes,  Mr.  Grigsby 
has  applied  for  a  patent  on  his  invention.  From 
the  amount  of  work  done  on  the  mine,  it  is  esti 
mated  that  at  least  1000  tons  of  free-milling  ore 
are  in  sight.  Boyce  &  Eligh  have  four  locations 
in  this  vicinity;  one  of  the  ledges  runs  parallel  to 
the  Buck's  Ranch  ledge,  A  little  work  in  the 
shape  of  open  cuts  has  been  done  and  the  ledges 
show  up  well,  Dedrick  &  Carson  have  three  loca- 
tions near  by  which  they  are  working;  they  have 
good  prospects.  The  group  of  mines  owned  by 
Smith.  Bailey  &  Flowers  is  about  i  %  miles  north 
and  higher  up  the  mountain,  A  good  deal  of  work 
will  be  done  on  these  mines  this  summer;  the  work 
already  done  has  disclosed  a  fine  property  and  it 
is  confidently  predicted  that  this  group  of  mines 
will  prove  a  veritable  bonanza.  The  Canyon  Creek 
mines  are  on  the  Elast  Fork  of  Canyon  creek,  and 
are  in  a  well-timbered  country  with  water-power 
easily  accessible,  and  can  be  worked  cheaply.  Mr. 
Grigsby  is  very  sanguine  of  the  future  of  the  camp 
and  confidently  predicts  large  operations  in  the 
near  future.  The  mines  have  made  splendid  show- 
ing for  the  brief  period  since  their  discovery,  and 
if  a  good  location  for  gold-bearing  rock  and  the 
general  formation  of  the  country  is  any  criterion, 
few  years  will  see  Canyon  Creek  one  of  the  best 
bullion-producing  camps  on  the  coast. 
Tuolumne, 

Black  Oak. — Tuolumne  Independent,  May  24: 
If  there  has  been  any  fault  in  the  management  of 
this  mine,  we  do  not  know  of  the  fact  or  as  to  its 
nature.  The  Black  Oak  mine,  under  the  present 
and  efficient  management  of  Supt.  Scott,  we  are 
informed,  is  iti  a  better  condition  to-day  than 
has  been  for  years.  When  Mr,  Scott  took  hold  of 
the  property  it  was  laboring  under  heavy  indebted- 
ness, presumed  to  have  been  incurred  in  its  devel- 
opment; and  now,  after  doing  all  that  could  pos- 
sibly be  done,  Supt.  Scott  is  beginning  to  realize 
the  benefit  of  his  time  and  trouble,  and  the  future 
of  the  Black  Oak  mine  is  golden. 

NEVADA. 

Washoe  DlBCriot. 

SiRRRA  Nevada. — Virginia  Chronicle^  May  24: 
On  the  631  level  a  southwest  drift  is  advanced  651 
feet  from  the  shaft  station.  Formation  clay  and  por- 
phyry carrying  water. 

Union  Con.  —  On  the  1465  level  from  the  north 
lateral  drift,  opposiie  west  crosscut  No.  4,  east  cross- 
cut No.  I  is  advanced  414  feet  and  is  in  soft  porphy- 
ry now  showing  some  water. 

Mexican.  ~  On  the  1465  level  at  a  point  70  feet 
south  from  west  crosscut  No.  4,  west  crosscut  No. 
5  is  advanced  45  feet  in  porphyry  carrying  quartz 
showing  value. 

Ophir.— On  the  1300  level  in  working  southwest 
erly  from  the  top  of  the  raise  carried  up  28  feet 
above  the  south  drift  from  the  end  of  the  east  cross- 
cut from  *he  shaft  station,  following  the  ore  streak 
found  in  the  raise  downward,  24  tons  of  ore  were  ex- 
tracted and  raised  to  the  surface,  the  average  assay 
value  of  which  is  $25  per  ton. 

Con.  California  &  Virginia.— The  1300  and 
1500  levels  continue  to  yield  the  usual  quantity  of 
ore.  Shipped  to  the  Morgan  mill  1104  tons  and  270 
pounds  of  ore  and  to  the  Eureka  1313  tons  and  1170 
pounds;  battery  sample  assays  showing  an  average 
value  of  $22.50  per  ton;  2549  tons  milled.  Bullion 
valued  at  $43,641.30  shipped  to  the  Carson  mint, 
and  about  $13,000  on  band  in  local  assay  office. 

Northwestern  Con.  —  Continue  sinking  shaft 
below  the  too  level. 

Andes. — A  420- level  west  crosscut,  I60  feet  north 
of  the  shift,  is  in  30  feet,  continuing  in  clay  and 
quartz  seams  in  the  face.  The  350  level  west  cross- 
cut is  extended  235  feet,  the  face   still  in  porphyry. 

Savage.  —Shipped  510  tons  of  ore,  showing  an 
average  value  of  $2t  by  battery  sample  assays. 

Hale  &  Norcross. — Shipped  1120  tons  of  ore 
during  the  week,  showing  an  average  value  of  $18.75 
per  ton  by  battery  sample  assays. 

PoTOsi.— On  the  850  level  east  crosscut  No.  4, 
400  feet  south  of  the  north  line,  is  in  130  feet,  the 
face  in  porphyry.  On  the  930  level  the  winze  is  down 
130  feet,  the  last  10  feet  showing  marked  improve- 


ment. The  bottom  is  mostly  in  quartz  giving  fair 
assays.  The  raise  above  that  level  has  connected 
with  the  850  level,  improving  the  circulation  of  air. 

Ward  Combination  Shaft.  —  The  1800  level 
east  drift  is  out  380  feel;  the  face  continues  in  por- 
phyry. 

■  Chollar. — Extracted  478  tons  of  ore,  battery 
sample  assays  showing  a  value  of  $23.83  per  ton. 

Alpha, — The  600  level  east  crosscut  is  in  140 
feet,  the  face  in  porphyry  and  quartz.  The  600 
level  west  crosscut  is  in   140  feet,  the  face  in  quartz. 

Exchequer.  —The  500  level  north  line  east 
crosscut  is  in  191  feet,  and  continues  in  quartz  and 
porphyry. 

Con.  New  York.— The  960  level  north  drift  is 
out  225  feet,  the  face  in  low-grade  quartz.  The 
north  drilt  from  the  top  of  the  raise  above  the  800 
level  is  out  22  feet,  the  face  in  low-grade  quartz. 

Silver  Hill,  — The  e^st  drift  from  the  winze 
below  the  800  level  is  out  60  feet,  the  face  showing 
bunches  of  fair-grade  quartz. 

Scorpion. — The  southwest  drift  from  th?  630 
level  shaft  station  is  advanced  591  feet  and  con- 
tinues in  porphyry. 

Imperial. — The  750  level  west  crosscut  No.  3  is 
in  124  feet,  the  face  in  low-grade  quartz. 

Yellow  Jacket.— Shipped  540  tons  of  ore 
showing  average  assay  value  of  $21.50  by  battery 
sample  assays. 

Crown  Point.— Shipped  during  the  week  855 
tons  of  ore,  showing  an  average  value  of  $20.52  per 
ton  by  pu'p  assays.  A  west  drift  from  the  400  level 
raise  is  out  41  feet. 

Confidence  and  Challenge.— The  joint  Im- 
perial 1000  level  west  crosscut  No.  i  is  in  240  feet, 
the  face  in  vein  matter  and  the  bottom  in  ore.  The 
joint  Imperial  raise  above  the  700  level  north  drift 
is  in  low-grade  quartz.  West  crosscut  No,  2,  same 
level,  is  in  103  feet,  the  face  in  low-grade  quartz. 

Belcher. — The  200  level  west  crosscut  is  in  23 
feet,  the  face  in  low-grade  quartz.  The  300  level 
west  crosscut  is  in  224  feet,  the  face  in  porphyry. 
The  850  level  joint  east  crosscut  is  out  458  feet,  the 
face  still  in  soft  porphyry.  A  290  level  west  cross- 
cut No.  3  is  being  advanced  to  cut  the  continua- 
tion of  the  Crown  Point  300  level  slope. 

Seg,  Belcher. — The  800  level  west  crosscut  is  in 
22  feet,  the  face  in  porphyry  and  quartz. 

Justice. — During  the  week  crushed  216  tons  of 
ore  showing  a  value  of  $22,50  per  ton  by  battery 
sample  assays.  The  raise  above  the  622  level  is  in 
low-grade  quartz.  The  bottom  of  the  winze  below 
this  level  is  in  good  ore. 

Alta. — The  ore  output  this  week  was  325  tons, 
showing  an  average  assay  value  of  $22.50  per  ton 
by  pulp  assays. 

Overman. — Shipped  220  tons  of  ore  during  the 
week  showing  an  average  value  of  $23  per  ton  by 
battery  sample  assays.  The  northwest  drift  con- 
tinues in  low-grade  quartz. 

Utah. — On  the  725  level,  west  drift  is  advanced 
252  feet  from  the  shaft.  At  a  point  225  feet  west  of 
the  shaft  a  south  drift  is  advanced  37  feet,  the  face 
in  vein  porphyry  with  streaks  of  quartz. 

Occidental  Con.— Continue  to  extract  ore  of 
good  quality  from  the  stopes  on  the  400  and  450 
levels.  The  650  level  main  north  drift  is  extended 
96  feet  through  low-grade  quartz. 

North  Occidental,— Work  confined  to  re- 
pairs. 

Best  &  Belcher.— On  the  1000  level  the  joint 
west  crosscut  is  cleaned  out  and  repaired  300  feet. 
On  the  t20o  level  the  north  drift  is  cleaned  out  and 
repaired  113  feet. 

Gould  &,  Curry.— On  the  400  level  the  north- 
west drift  from  west  crosscut  No.  i  is  extended  70 
feet.  Formation,  hard  porphyry  with  small  streaks 
of  quartz. 

Dun  Glen  District. 

Being  Worked.— i^/z/er  State,  May  24:  The 
Hendra  mill  at  Dun  Glen  is  being  worked  to  its  full 
capacity.  Sam  Hendra  has  several  men  at  work  in 
the  mine,  which  is  producing  high  grade  gold-bear- 
ing quartz,  and  the  prospects  of  the  camp  are  bright, 
Eureka  District- 

Ore  Shipments.— 56V//?W/,  May  24:  Sixty  cars 
of  ore  pulled  out  of  the  E.  &  P.  railroad  depot  dur- 
ing the  week.  The  Eureka  Con.  Mining  Co,  re- 
ceived during  the  same  period  from  the  mines  of  the 
district:  From  the  Dunderberg  mine,  55K  tons; 
the  Helena  Mortimer,  60  tons;  Banner,  12  tons; 
Keniuck,  ij^  tons,  and  from  the  Reveille  district 
4  tons. 

A  Development— We  learn  that  Joe  D.  jou  has 
made  a  good  development  in  his  Whippoorwill 
mine.  Assays  of  the  ore  go  satisfactorily  high.  All 
of  the  evidences  point  to  targe  bodies  of  ore  in  ihat 
section  of  Prospect  mountain.  The  Whippcorwill 
adjjins  the  Diamond  on  the  south, 

Sylvanla  District. 
Progressing.— Inyo  Index,  May  24:  Andy  Fife, 
superintendent  of  the  Sylvania  Mining  Co.  at  Syl- 
vania  City,  arrived  here  last  Siturdiy,  and  repcts 
everything  progressing  finely.  Boarding-house  and 
furnace  building  are  nearly  completed.  They  have 
500  tons  of  ore  out  and  over  3000  tons  in  sight.  All 
the  men  who  were  at  work  in  the  mine  were  taken 
out  and  put  to  work  in  building  the  works  to  get 
ready  to  start  up.  The  machinery  and  water-jacket 
furnace  are  expected  to  arrive  on  Monday,  and  will 
be  shipped  to  the  mine  immediately.  There  is  a 
great  deal  of  freight  going  out  to  Sylvania  daily;  all 
the  teams  in  this  section  are  busy  and  everything 
looks  encouraging  that  Big  Pine  and  Owens  Valley 
are  going  to  have  quite  a  boom.  The  mines  are  in 
E  meralda  county,  Nevada,  but  all  the  Co.'s  works 
will  be  put  up  in  Inyo  county,  California, 

Tuecarora  District. 
To  Resume. — Times- Review,  May  21;  G.  W. 
Grayson  and  P.  C.  Hymin  left  this  forenoon  by 
private  conveyance  for  Carlin,  en  route  for  San 
Francisco,  They  stated  before  they  left  that  active 
operations  will  be  resumed  at  all  of  the  mines  under 
the  directorship  of  which  they  are  members,  as  soon 
as  timbers  and  supplies  cm  be  obtained.  It  will 
probably  be  about  a  month  before  everything  will 
be  in  full  blast,  after  which  time  we  shall  be  greatly 
disappointed  if  Tuscarora  does  not  make  such  show- 
ing in  the  matter  of  bullion  production  as  will  rival 
that  of  any  district  of  its  size  on  the  coast. 

ARIZONA. 

Peer.— -4/i'ff,  May  26:  The  north  dri*^t  from 
the  bottom  of  shalt  No,  2  has  been  advanced  5  feet, 
making  i2j^  feet  in  all,  with  face  culminating  in 
ore  of  good  quality.     The  south  drift  from  the  bot- 


Mat  31,   IsdO.j 


Mining  and  Scientific  Prf.ss. 


366 


torn  o(  ihe  same  shaft  is  out  9  feet,   with  the    vein 
strong  and  showing  ore  of  good  grade. 

Peerless —On  the  340-foot  level,  winze  No.  i 
has  been  extended  15  feet,  making  41  feel  in  all. 
without  any  change  since  Ust  report,  the  vein  show- 
ing strong  and  offair'grade. 

Crocker.  — On  the  west  side,  lunne!  No.  2  has 
been  advanced  19  leet,  making  189  feel  in  alL  Ac- 
cording to  the  burvcy,  60  feet  more  will  connect 
with  the  440-foot  levei,  when  ^further  prospecting 
of  ore  at  this  point  will  be  resumed. 

Weluun. — In  shaft  No.  i  the  formation  is  get- 
ling  softer,  and  shows  consider.ible  iron  and  copper 
stains  on  ihe  west  side  of  the  bottom.  Better  prog- 
ress is  being  made. 

Notes.— Prescott  Courier.  May  23:  Chamber- 
lain &  Charraikle  have  repaired  the  Lowell  mill, 
Walker  dislricl,  and  are  again  running  it  as  of  yore 
in  a  profitable  way.  Robert  Dougherty  and  Aleck 
Harris  have  come  in  from  the  Bradshaws  and  state 
that  mills  and  mines  are  paying.  Thirteen  tons  of 
silver  ore,  just  shipped  from  the  Blue  Dick  mine, 
Hassayampa  district,  sampled  about  $250  a  too. 
The  big  gold  mine  between  People's  Valley  and  the 
Congress  has  just  been  bonded  to  three  gentlemen 
—two  Californians  and  a  Coloradoan.  One  of  the 
owners,  Mr.  Yarnel!,  has  contracted  to  run  a  200- 
foot  tunnel.  He  will  employ  four  miners.  The 
vein  is  large,  and  gold  to  the  amount  of  $(8  or  $20 
a  ton  is  scattered  all  through  the  rock.  More  teams, 
wilh  concentrates  from  the  Congress,  reached  Pres- 
cott yesterday.  Mr.  W.  T.  Rowe.  who  owns  a  big 
silver  mine  in  Peck  district,  is  here  and  says  he  has 
a  great  many  tons  of  milling  ore  on  the  dump.  P. 
A.  Craigue  will  shortly  ship  rich  ore  from  his  Do- 
soris.  Wro.  Van  Name  is  building  another  mill  in 
Bi^  Bug  district,  and  a  great  many  men  are  taking 
ouT  ore.  United  Verde  mines  and  smelters  are 
sending  out  over  a  carload  of  matte,  etc.,  each  day. 
Another  large  shipment  of  h'gh-grade  silver  ore  was 
sent  off  last  week  by  miners  of  Tip  Top  district. 
Quartz  Mountain  Co.  are  rearranging  their  mill  and 
shipping  some  of  thHr  richest  ore,  Mr.  O.  F, 
Place  of  the  Crowned  King  arrived  yesterday  from 
his  paying  camp.  Arizona  is  indebted  to  him  for 
the  development  of  at  least  one  good  gold  vein, 
which  is  now  producing  plenty  of  gold.  Mr.  Car- 
lisle, superintendent  of  the  Black  Horse  mine,  is 
sending  in  ore  which  contains  abundance  of  wire 
gold  and  native  silver.  More  Congress  sulphurets 
wfre  hauled  in  yesterday.  Mr.  Henderson  says 
times  are  good  in  Old  Walker  district. 

COLORADO. 

Silver  in  the  Deep  SHArT.-»-Aspen  Times, 
May  24:  The  Deep  shaft  that  is  being  sunk  by  the 
Deep  Mining  and  Drainage  Co.  upon  the  Home- 
stake  claim  has  passed  through  the  porphyry  and  is 
now  in  the  shale.  A  rather  peculiar  development 
has  taken  place,  in  that  native  silver  has  been  found 
in  this  shale,  this  being  the  first  discovery  of  the 
kind  that  is  recorded  in  this  district.  It  is  very 
common  to  meet  with  streaks  of  lead  in  this  forma- 
tion, but  heretofore,  silver,  except  in  small  quantities, 
has  not  been  found  in  it.  It  is  not  at  all  probable 
that  any  value  is  attached  to  the  discovery,  but  the 
fact  that  the  silver  appears  in  the  native  form  is 
highly  interesting  and  has  created  much  comment. 

The  Little  Rule.— Late  reports  from  the  Little 
Rule  are  to  the  effect  thai  the  recently  discovered 
ore  is  still  improving.  The  management  expects  to 
begin  shipments  from  the  property  during  the  pres- 
ent week. 

The  Schiller.— Several  months  ago  the  man- 
agement of  this  property  started  an  incline  from  a 
pnint  600  feet  down  the  shaft,  southeastwardly,  in 
order  to  cut  the  formation  squarely  and  reach  the 
contact  with  the  least  possible  amount  of  work. 
The  company  operating  the  Schiller  has  been  put- 
ting money  into  that  ground  for  six  years,  and  has 
at  last  obtained  such  great  depth  that  it  is-  not  im- 
probable that  ore  may  be  struck  at  any  time. 

The  Burro. — Since  the  lessees  ot  the  Edison 
mine  opened  up  the  rich  body  of  ore  that  lies  along 
the  line  that  separates  that  property  from  the  Good 
Thunder,  surveys  have  been  made  by  the  lessees  of 
the  Burro  which  show  that  it  will  be  necessary  to 
sink  that  shaft  fully  60  feet  deeper  before  the  ore- 
chute  can  be  reached. 

DAKOTA. 

A  Big  Twelve-Hour  Run.— Deadwood  Pioneer, 
May  24:  Six  thousand  one  hundred  and  thirty 
pounds  of  bullion,  of  silver  and  lead  mixture,  from 
the  Iron  Hill  mill,  were  stacked  up  in  front  of  the 
First  National  bank  yesterday  morning,  and  viewed 
by  the  hundreds  of  visitors  who  passed  by.  This 
represents  a  12-hour  run.  As  soon  as  a  carload  is 
turned  out  the  bullion  will  be  shipped  to  Omaha  to 
be  worked  out. 

Float.— Bald  and  Elk  mountains  are  putting  on 
a  scene  of  general  activity.  An  attache  of  the  Pio- 
neer  made  a  hasty  visit  to  their  camps  yesterday. 
Oje  was  being  piled  up  on  every  dump;  the  busy 
notes  of  preparation  were  discernible  every- 
where. The  old-timers  who  have  held  on  to  their 
properties  for  years  will  soon  realize  on  their  ores. 

IDAHO. 

Gold  Under  the  Cement.— IK<7r/fi?,  May  24: 
Kimball.  Rudge  &  Sandlin,  at  the  junction  of  Mid- 
dle and  North  Boise,  have  struck  rich  placer  ground 
underneath  the  false  bedrock.  The  dirt  yields  from 
25  to  so  cents  to  the  pan.  The  sedimentary  forma- 
tion is  only  three  or  four  feet  thick;  still  the  fact  is 
proven  that  on  those  streams  the  first  wash  carried 
down  the  most  gold.  The  theory  of  most  of  the 
miners  here  is  that  the  richest  ground  in  More  and 
Elk  creeks  is  below  the  sedimentary  formation,  hav- 
ing come  in  with  the  first  wash.  Whether  or  not 
such  is  the  fact  can  only  be  proven  by  a  shaft, 
which  would  have  to  be  sunk  to  great  depth.  In 
1870  one  was  sunk  to  the  depth  of  128  feet  at  the 
junction  of  the  two  creeks,  but  the  water  came  m  so 
rapidly  that  a  lo-horse  power  engine  was  unable  to 
keep  it  out,  and  the  work  was  necessarily  abandoned. 
To  put  down  a  shaft  with  certainty  of  provmg 
whether  the  lower  stratum  of  gravel  is  good  it  will  be 
necessary  to  put  in  pumps  capable  of  throwing  a 
large  volume  of  water.  This  will  require  considera- 
ble capital,  yet  it  would  be  better  to  spend  more 
money  and  be  certain  of  reaching  the  granite  bed- 
rock.   Some  day  this  work  will  be  done,  and  with 


good  chances   of  opening   up    rich    placer  ground.    LJgt  ol"  D,    S 
One  favorable  indication  here  is  thai  where  the  gran- ' 
ite   dips   under  the  cement,  gold  lays  on  it  as  lar  as 
has  ever  been  prospected. 

The  Goldln  Belt,  a  prospect  on  Middle  Fork 
of  Henry  creek,  owned  by  Harry  Fiiend  and  Gus 
Schlosser,  is  under  course  of  development.  Last  tall 
the  surface  was  uncovered  for  a  few  feet,  and  rich 
gold  ore  obtainrd,  but,  as  the  ledge  from  which  it 
was  taken  was  on  low  ground  and  filled  wilh  walc*r, 
it  was  impossible  to  develop  it  by  sinking,  so  a  tun- 
nel is  driving  for  the  vein  which  will  t  ip  it  at  a  depth 
of  60  feet. 


Patents  for  Pacific  Coast 
Inventors. 


Reported  by  Dewey  &  Co.,  Pioneer  Patent 
SoUcltora  for  Pacific  Coast. 


LOWBR    CALIFORNIA. 

Alamo.  —  Laioet  Californian,  May  23:  The 
Princesa  company  is  working  17  mines,  employing, 
including  iributers,  about  120  men.  Their  mill  is 
kept  busy  night  and  diy  on  fir.-t  class  ore,  and  tons 
and  tons  of  fair  ore  are  on  the  dumps  ready  to  be 
milled.  The  Telemaco  is  down  65  feet,  the  shaft 
being  on  a  75-degree  incline.  Hoisting  works  are 
just  gelling  into  place  and  a  50-horse  power  engine 
is  on  the  ground.  The  Telemaco  will  average  3^ 
feel  wide.  Mr.  Argall  is  foreman.  Supt.  Rodda 
believes  the  best  mine  of  the  Princesa  company  is 
the  Ulyses.  which  is  600  meters  long  and  200  wide. 
Three  distinct  mines  exist  within  this  ground,  be- 
sides the  main  vein.  AH  are  quite  well  developed, 
enough,  at  least,  to  prove  them  independent  veins. 
They  are  from  i  j^  to  3  feet  wide  and  very  rich.  The 
main  vein  is  3  feet  wide.  The  Indian  mine  is  now 
waiting  for  its  big  pump.  It  has  hoisting  works  de- 
signed by  Supt.  Rodda  which  are  the  best  here. 
The  Princesa,  under  Foreman  Hoskins,  is  going 
ahead  steadily  and  is  down  over  100  feet.  The  Pen- 
elope is  developing  inio  a  splendid  property.  Pros- 
pects of  yellow  ore  containing  oxide  of  lead  from 
the  bottom  of  the  shaft  went  $200  per  ton.  A  large 
amount  of  ore  containing  sulphurets  and  pro- 
nounced rebellious  was  run  through  Lane's  mill  by 
Supt.  Rodda  and  found  to  be  free-milling  $2o-ore. 
By  concentrating  the  ore  will  run  $30.  A  strike  was 
made  in  the  San  David  by  tnbuters  the  other  day 
and  their  claim  was  cheaply  bought  by  the  superin- 
tendent. Night  and  day  shifts  are  at  work  on  it. 
W.  E.  Howa'd,  three-fourths  owner  of  the  Monte- 
zuma, was  in  camp  the  past  week  arranging  to  de- 
velop his  mine,  J.  M,  Albright  is  the  other  partner. 
The  mine  is  right  across  the  road  from  the  San  Da- 
vid and  the  strike  in  the  latter  points  to  favorable 
work  on  the  Montezuma.  Several  Mexicans  who 
have  been  at  work  as  tributers  for  the  Pfincesa  com- 
pany run  their  ore  through  Lane's  mill  this  week, 
netting  93  ounces.  The  brick  was  sent  down  on 
Monday's  stage.  The  El  Paso  company  made  a 
cleanup  last  Sunday. 


FOR  WEEK  ENDING   MAY  20,  X890. 

428. 159.— Veil  Fastener— Adams  &  Tryon, 
S.   F. 

428,074.  —  Grass  Receptacle  for  Lawn 
Mowers— C.  Buchmuller,  Pasadena,  Cal. 

428,392,— Harrow— J.  H.  Hanson,  Oakland, 
Cal. 

428,251.— Apparatus  ior  Reducing  Bitumi- 
nous Rock  — J.  B.  Jardine,  S.  F. 

428,174.- Telephone— J.  C.  Ludwig.  S.  F. 

428.117.— F^oRSESHOE—E.  &  P.   Maloney,  S.   F. 

428,283.— Wave  Motor— T.  C.  Naramore,  Los 
Angeles,  Cal. 

428,177. — Sofa  Bed— Newhouse  &  Hansen, 
Modesto,  ChI. 

428.350.— Wagon  Jack— Oliver  &  Wren, -Oak- 
land,  Cal. 

428,524  —Hammer  Handle— M.  E.  Reilly, 
Montesano,  Wash. 

428,531.— Singletree  Hook— A.  Scott,  Union- 
town,  Wash. 

The  following  brief  list  by  telegraph,  for  May  27,  will 
appear  more  complete  on  receipt  of  mftil  advices: 

Ca'ifornia— Peter  Abrahamson,  S.  F.,  window  venti- 
lator; Richird  B.  Aver.y  and  K.  P.Smith,  9  in  Diego, 
hydrocarbon  burner;  HaoB  P.  ChriatianBen,  assignor  to 
himself  and  J.  Hansen,  Oaklind,  liydrauli':  mitor; 
Frank  A.  Fox,  3.  F.,  car-coupling;  Louis  Glaes  and  W. 
S.  Arnold,  aasignors  to  R.  W,  Smith,  S.  F.,  two  patents 
for  coin  actuating  attachments  for  phonographs;  George 
T.  Hill.  Monrovia,  crate;  Frank  J.  .lohoson,  Sacramento, 
gate;  Joseph  P.  Kelly,  S.  F.,  railway  rail  j-iint;  Stephen 
Wren,  Sacrameoto,  spike-making  mechanism;  Edward 
W.  Williams,  S.  F,  overliow  slop-hopper;  Sterling  P. 
and  E.  Windsor,  Madison,  spreadfr  for  draft  chains 

NoTB.— Copies  of  U.  S.  and  Foreign  patents  furnished 
by  Dewey  &  Co.,  in  the  shortest  time  posslblo  (bv  mail 
or  telegrapbio  order).  American  and  Foreign  patents 
obtained,  and  general  patent  business  (or  Pacific  Coast 
Inventors  transacted  with  perfect  security,  at  reasonable 

atea,  and  in  the  shortest  possible  time. 


MONTANA 

The  Boulder  Basin  Mine.— Anaconda  A'^t'/^rw, 
May  22:  All  the  mines  in  Boulder  Bisin  are  show- 
ing up  in  fine  shape.  H.  W.  Currin,  on  the  Pilot, 
has  a  fortune  in  sight  of  high  grade  carbonates  ore. 
At  the  Mono,  their  new  hoist  is  in  position  and  two 
full  shifis  are  pushing  development.  The  Bismark 
and  VonArnim  are  both  yielding  their  usual  amount 
of  rich  ore.  George  Spencer's  new  strike  has 
almost  two  feet  of  solid  high-grade  galena  in  the 
bottom  of  the  shaft. 

NEW  MBXIOO. 

Developments.— Silver  City  Enterprise,  May 
24:  C.  M  Jay  passed  through  the  city  this  wpek 
with  a  car  of  high-grade  ore  for  Socorro,  Martin 
Cox  and  Geo.  Dickinson  are  about  to"  start  work  on 
the  Silver  B  ir  mine,  at  Bald  mountain.  They  have 
some  very  rich  silver  ore  in  sight.  Bell  and  Brown 
have  made  a  test  run  on  ore  from  the  Tampico. 
The  returns  were  quite  satisfactory.  The  mill  is  be- 
ing put  in  readiness  for  a  long  run.  N.  Bell  has 
returned  from  Carlisle,  where  he  purchased  six  Frue 
vanners,  which  will  be  added  to  the  Bell  & 
Stephens  and  the  Smith  &  Ailman  mills.  The 
Aztec  M.  Co.  is  going  to  make  a  test  of  con- 
centration of  its  low-grade  ore  by  Frue  van- 
ners after  amalgamation.  The  test  run  will  be 
made  at  the  Atlantic  Gold  Co.'s  mill.  B -11  & 
Stephens  have  purchased  a  lot  of  machinery  from 
the  Carlisle  M,  Co,,  which  will  be  placed  in  the 
Smith  &  Ailman  mill  at  Pinos  Altos.  The  mill 
will  be  started  on  ore  from  their  claim  on  the  Pa- 
cific vein  as  soon  as  the  machinery  is  in  place. 

MoGOLLON. — The  camp  is  still  flourishing  and 
new  strikes  are  reported  every  day.  New  discov- 
eries of  rich  ore  chutes  on  the  Queen  lode  are  of 
frequent  occurrence,  Mader  and  Buhlman  are 
taking  out  fine  ore  on  the  Denver  location  on  the 
south  side  of  Mineral  creek.  John  Frye  and  C. 
Lyons  have  struck  a  little  bonanza  on  the  north 
side  of  Mineral  creek.  George  Doyle  and  W,  S. 
George  have  two  very  promising  locations  on  the 
Queen  lode  on  Copper  creek.  It  is  currently  re- 
ported that  Capt.  Frank  Vingo  and  Edward  Phoe- 
nix will  go  to  St.  Louis  within  a  few  days  to  pur- 
chase a  milling  plant  for  the  Little  Fannie.  The 
Confidence  still  holds  its  own;  the  working  force 
on  the  mine  has  been  increased,  Frank  Baxter  is 
working  the  Ann  Arbor  and  taking  out  very  fine 
ore.  Worden  &  Co.  are  working  the  California. 
They  have  sacked  a  small  lot  of  high-grade  ore  and 
more  is  being  taken  out  to  make  a  shipment  to  the 
smelter. 

UTAH. 

The  Governor. — Eureka  Chief,  May  24:  A  re- 
porter inspected  the  Governor  mine,  east  of  Dragon, 
Tuesday,  in  company  with  H.  F.  Gear  and  J-ick 
Mugan.  The  shaft  is  down  77  feet,  30  of  which  is 
sunk  in  ore.  They  are  now  running  a  drift,  and 
will  soon  commence  sloping.  The  ore  body  grows 
larger  as  depth  is  attained,  and  there  is  no  knowing 
how  big  it  is  or  how  far  down  it  extends,  but  there 
is  no  doubt  that  there  is  an  immense  body  of  ore 
and  every  indication  points  to  a  big  mine.  They 
have  over  a  car  of  ore  on  the  dump  and  will  begin 
shipping  next  week.  The  ore  is  rich,  carrying 
heavy  in  copper,  and  some  of  it  going  as  high  as  5 
ounces  in  gold.  The  Governor  is  owned  by  Judge 
Dana  and  Ben  Bochman.  and  is  leased  and  bonded 
to  H.  F.  Gear,  J.  H.  McChrystal,  Hanse  Oie  and 
George  Cline.  They  have  set  up  an  assay  office  and 
■  are  running  two  shifts.  "There  is  no  doubt  that 
they  have  a  bonanza. 


Notices  ol  Recent  Patents. 

Among  the  patents  recently  obtained  through 
Dewey  &  Co. 'a  Scientifio  Press  U.  S.  and 
Foreign  Patent  Agency,  the  following  are 
worthy  of  special  mention: 

Telephone. — John  0.  Ludwig,  S.  F,,  aaaiga- 
or  of  one-half  to  A,  C.  Paulaell  and  Martin  Cor- 
coran of  S.  K,  and  T.  C.  Oongan  and  H,  T. 
Oomption  of  Oakland.  No.  428,174.  Dited 
May  20,  1890.  This  is  one  of  that  class  of  tele- 
phones in  which  a  diaphragm  operates  against 
the  armature  of  a  magnet  to  indnce  a  current 
over  the  line-wire;  and  It  oonsiatB  essentially 
in  a  hollow  soanding-frame  or  box  to  which  a 
mouth-piece  is  attached,  the  back  of  said 
frame  or  box  forming  the  diaphragm,  which 
acts  upon  the  armature  of  the  magnet.    The  in 


vention  further  oonsiste  in  the  combination, 
with  a  suitable  diaphragm,  of  a  particular  ar- 
rangement of  armature  and  magnet;  and  it  con 
sists  also  in  the  novel  arrangement  and  combi 
nation  of  the  hollow  frame  forming  a  sounding 
box  with  a  moathpiece  in  its  front,  the  back 
wall  serving  as  a  diaphragm,  the  magnet,  the 
bobbins  thereof,  the  armature  of  the  magnet, 
and  the  arm  of  the  armature  resting  against  the 
back  wall  of  the  sounding-box.  The  object  of 
the  invention  is  to  materially  increase  the  effi- 
ciency of  the  telephone  by  increasing  the  loud- 
nese  and  distinctness  of  the  sound  transmitted. 
Apparatus  for  Redttcing  Bitdmikous 
KocK.— Joseph  B  Jardine,  S.  P.  No.  428,251. 
Dated  May  20, 1890.  This  invention  relates  to 
that  clftBB  of  devices  for  melting  or  softening 
bituminous  rock,  asphalt  and  other  substanoes 
used  for  paving,  roofing,  etc.,  in  which  the  ma- 
terial is  confined  in  a  kettle  and  is  reduced  by 
the  action  of  steam.  The  patent  covers  a  num- 
ber of  novel  details  of  arrangement  and  con- 
struction of  the  kettle,  making  it  simple  and 
eflfeotive. 

Veil  fastener  — Herbert  W.  Adams  aud 
PhiloN.  Tryon,  S.  F.  No.  428.159.  Dated 
May  20,  1890,  This  is  a  device  for  fastening 
and  holding  ladies'  veils  in  place.  It  consists  of 
two  separate  pieces  formed  of  wire,  and  com 
prising  parallel  elastic  wires  for  holding  the 
ends  of  the  veil  and  the  enlarged  openings  for 
the  introduction  of  the  ends  of  the  vail  between 
said  elastic  wirep,  one  of  the  pieces  having  a 
loop  or  eye  and  the  other  a  hook  for  engage- 
ment therewith,  this  hook  having  a  corrugated 
ahank. 

Sofa  bed. — Oaaey  Newhouse,  Modesto,  and 
Lewis  Hansen,  Newman,  Stanislaus  Co.  No. 
428,177.  Dated  May  20,  1890.  This  inven- 
tion relates  to  that  class  of  furniture  known  as 
Bofabeds;  and  it  oonsiats  in  the  novel  improve- 
ment in  the  arm-rests  of  the  sofa,  whereby  they 
are  adapted  to  be  converted  readily  into  the 
head-board  and  foot-board  of  the  bed,  and  the 
novel  improvement  in  the  means  for  supporting 
the  back  of  the  sofa  when  in  an  approximately 
upright  position  and  also  when  in  a  horiz>ntal 
position,  forming  part  of  the  bed.  The  object 
of  the  invention  ia  to  provide  a  sofa-bed  in 
which  the  entire  length  of  the  bed  may  be 
utilized  without  interference  from  the  arm-reata 
or  the  head  and  foot  boarde,  and  in  which  the 
meana  for  supporting  the  back  or  folding  por- 
tion are  simple  and  fff  motive. 

YotJ  Bet  — The  once  almoat  depopulated 
town  between  here  and  German  L'vel  ia  daily 
improving,  and  it  is  now  quite  a  lively  camp. 
New  families  have,  been  movmg  in,  and  busi- 
ness ij  good  there.  The  prosp'^rity  is  prinoi- 
pally  due  to  the  working  of  the  Brown  mine  by 
'  drift  process.— .Wemda  County  Herald, 


Mining  Shaie  Market. 

The  mining  share  market  continued  active  in  the 
Comstocks  throughout  the  past  week,  with  Potosi 
ihf  leader,  followed  toward  the  close  by  an  upward 
move  in  Bullion.  The  move  in  the  latter  is  not  in 
sympathy  with  Potosi,  but  it  is  based  on  work 
herttolore  mentioned  by  us  that  is  being  done  in 
Bullion  ground.  The  rest  ol  the  market  did  not 
do  much,  for  while  Potosi  and  Bullion  stocks 
moved  up  nearly  40  per  cent  since  last  Thursday, 
the  other  slocks  adv,inced  on  an  average  only  about 
10  per  cent.  The  manipulation  has  been  of  such 
a  character  as  to  clean  commission  brokers  out  of 
nearly  all  stocks  held  by  their  cubtomers.  The 
buyirg  of  so  iiiany  stocks  by  the  ring  or  pool  nec- 
essarily means  ore  talk  later  on  so  as  to  sell  out  at 
higher  prices,  to  collect  assessments  and  make  a 
few  hundred  thousand  dollars  for  summer  use. 
Not  but  that  there  is  merit  in  the  mines,  and  that 
under  proper  management  they  can  be  made  to 
pay  dividends,  but  to  the  ring  there  is  more  money 
in  assessments,  a  three  or  (our  dollar  stock  deal 
and  the  milling  of  ore  so  as  to  gel  the  bullion  or 
boodle,  than  there  is  in  dividends. 

In  outside  stocks  the  Tuscaroras  were  more  ac- 
tive, wilh  North  Commonwealth,  Del  Monie  and 
one  or  two  other  stocks  selling  higher,  while  Com- 
monwealth held  heavy,  In  the  Bodies  there  was 
nothing  done.  In  the  Quijotoas  business  was  light, 
with  only  few  transactions  in  Crocker,  Central, 
Peer  and  Peerless. 

In  the  Alia  group  there  has  been  and  still  is 
steady  concentrating  buying  by  a  pool.  Thd  buy- 
ing is  based  on  important  work  going  on  in  the 
mines. 

From  the  mines,  our  Virginia  City  advices  report 
continued  improvement  in  Overman  as  prospect- 
ing work  is  pushed.  A  northwest  drift  has  been 
started  on  the  300-foot  level  which  promises  well. 
It  is  being  run  toward  Seg.  Belcher.  In  Belcher, 
active  prospecting  work  is  under  way  on  several 
levels,  with  three  of  the  drifts  or  crosscuts  in  very 
interesting  ground— some  say  in  ore.  Crown  Point 
ought  to  do  better  now  that  the  mill  is  not  crush- 
ing ore,  owing  to  high  water,  for  more  prospecting 
work  can  be  done.  The  drift  heretofore  mentioned 
by  us  that  is  being  run  from  the  850-fool  level 
Ward  shaft  into  Bullion  to  tap  the  ore  found  in  Po- 
tosi, is  being  vigorously  pushed.  The  crosscuts  in 
Alpha  and  Con.  Imperial  are  being  pushed  ahead. 
The  west  crosscut  in  Confidence  is  oflficially  re- 
ported to  be  in  vein  material,  while  private  advices 
report  ore.  The  west  crosscut  in  Challenge  is  be- 
ing pushed  ahead  to  tap  the  west  ledge  found  in 
Confidence,  Alpha  and  Con.  Imperial.  Interesting 
work  is  b:-ing  done  in  Gould  and  Curry,  Best  and 
Belcher  and  two  more  of  the  North  End  mines.  In 
Kentuck  the  hoisting  winze  has  been  connected 
with  the  looo-foot  level. 

High  water  in  the  Carson  river  has  caused  the 
stoppage  of  the  mill  running  on  Crown  Point  ore 
and  one  of  the  mills  running  on  Con   Virginia. 

Over  a  year  ago  the  Mining  and  Scientific 
Press  took  strong  grounds  that  there  was  a  well- 
defined  mostly  gold-bearing  lode  lying  to  the  west 
of  the  Corastock  lode,  and  now  our  position  is  be- 
ing proven  correct,  as  has  every  assertion  we  have 
made  about  ore  developments  been  verified  later 
on  by  official  reports.  W.  E.  Sharon  and  other 
mining  men  now  affirm  that  the  west  crosscuts  run 
show  that  the  body  of  ore  run  into  on  the  750-foot 
level  in  Confidence  and  Challenge  dips  to  the  west, 
and  on  the  looo-foot  level  the  body  of  ore  run  into 
in  the  Confidence  ground  has  the  same  dip.  Ex- 
perienced practical  mining  men  unhesitatingly 
state  that  the  present  finds  in  the  Gold  Hill  mines 
warrant  the  assertion  that  under  proper  manage- 
ment no  more  assessments  need  be  levied  by  the 
Gold  Hill  mines,  but  in  lieu  thereof  dividends  be 
paid.  The  ore  goes,  so  it  is  reported,  from  65  to 
80  per  cent  gold,  and  averages  across  the  face  of 
the  lode  from  $40  to  $60  a  ton— some  claim  higher 
assays. 

In  Potosi  it  is  said  they  intend  to  commence  stop- 
ing  out  ore  soon.  Whether  this  means  an  assess- 
ment, like  Hale  and  Norcross,  later  on,  remains 
to  be  seen. 


New  Incorporations. 

The  following  companies  have  been  incorporated, 
and  papers  filed  in  the  office  of  the  Superior  Court, 
Department  10,  San  Francisco  : 

Giant  Fuel  Manufacturing  Co.,  May  23. 
Capital  stock,  $500,000.  Directors— Frank  Loflus, 
Chas.  S.  Preble,  John  H.  Durst,  James  Madison 
and  Frederick  E'dridge. 

Golden  West  Building  and  Loan  Ass'n, 
Mav  23.  Capital  stock,  $3,000,000.  Directors — 
S.  W.  L°vy,  Jacob  Eicon,  I.  W.  Goldman,  Henry 
Jacobs,  A.  Willis  Lightbourn,  H.  I.  Barron,  Gus- 
tave  Brenner,  Solomon  Getz  and  Samuel  Lewis. 

Capital  Building  and  Loan  Ass'n.  Capi- 
tal stock,  $3,000,000.  Directors— L,  R.  Ellert, 
F.  Mandelbaum,  Joseph  Figel,  Nathaniel  Hunter, 
H.  Shainwald,  S.  C.  Buckbee,  James  K.  Kennedy, 
C.  F.  Richards  and  Leon  Greenberg. 

Petaluma  Fruit-Packing  Co.,  May  23.  Capi- 
lal  stock,  $too,ooo.  Dirfctors— F.  C.  D.^  Long, 
John  Allen,  Wm.  Hill,  A.  B.  Field  and  B.  F.  Sione. 

Wellman,  Peck  &  Co.,  May  24.  Object,  to 
conduct  a  wholesale  grocery  business.  Capital 
■-.tock,  $500,000.  Directors— R.  A.  Wellman,  A. 
J<..  Wellman.  W.  B.  Wellman.  W.  J.  Tilley.  Frank 
Harrold,  William  P.  Harrold  and  George  R. 
Savage. 

Zenger  Wood  Retort  and  Manufacturing 
Co  ,  May  24.  Capital  stock,  $1,000,000.  Directors 
—A.  Zenger,  H.  E.  Frost,  J.  B.  Warren,  M.  J. 
Henley  and  John  S.  Kimball. 

Cosmo  Metal  Co.,  Miy  27.  Object,  to  make, 
manufacture  and  vend  composite  metals,  and  to 
buy  and  sell  all  kinds  of  metals.  Directors— C.  A. 
Luckhardt,  H.  E.  Trubenbach,  S.  E.  Tucker,  D. 
Cralins  and  Adolph  O  stench. 

Bullion  Siiipments. 

We  quote  shipments  since  our  last  and  shall  be 
plrased  to  receive  further  reports  : 

Eurpka  Cons.,  May  25,  $27,000;  Cons.  CaUfornia 
and  Virginia,  22.  $13,106;  total  on  May  account, 
869,588.  From  Butte,  Montana,  weekending  May 
17, '$81,520;  Hsnauer,  23,  $3925;  Salt  Lake  City, 
week  ending  May  22,  $194,250;  Comstock  mines, 
week  ending  May  24,  $116,276, 


^66 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[May  31,  1890 


IQECHAj^ieAL  Progress. 


Iron  in  the  Coming  Census. 


Meclianical  Improvements. 

Tbere  seema  to  be,  just  at  this  time,  quite  a 
multiplicity  of  valuable  iaveutioDB  about  com- 
ing into  use.  Oae  of  the  boldest  and  moat  im- 
portant ia  that  for  rednoing  iron  and  eteel  into 
practical  forma  for  use  direct  from  the  farnace 
or  converter. 

Steel  Tubes  Directly  from  Molten  Metal, 
The  bold  proposition  of  a  Boston  inventor,  is 
about  to  be  put  into  commercial  shape  in  the 
city  named.  No  details  are  given  other  than 
that  experimental  machines  built  have  demon- 
strated the  feaaibility  of  rolling  a  tube  directly 
from  molten  steel,  iron,  brass  or  other  metal. 
The  inventor  also  claims  that  he  can  make  com- 
pound tubes  in  the  same  way  by  rolling  one 
metal  on  ftnother.  There  is  a  big  fortune  in  the 
scheme  if  the  thing  can  be  done. 

Seamless  Steel  Boats. 

Metallic  articles  of  small  compass  for  house- 
hold purpose?,  etc.,  have  long  been  made  by  di- 
rect pressure  and  without  seams.  An  Eoglish 
Inventor,  however,  baa  greatly  enlarged  the 
sphere  of  this  industry  by  devising  a  method 
whereby  it  may  be  applied  to  much  larger  arti- 
clea  than  heretofore.  Mr.  William  Heslop, 
formerly  of  the  Leeds  Forge,  England,  is  ap- 
plying hydraulic  power  to  the  manufacture  of 
steel  boats.  This  has  been  attempted  before, 
bnt  ansnccaasfalty.  What  is  known  by  engi- 
neers as  the  '*  buckling  "  of  the  plate — that  is, 
the  crimping  along  the  edge  of  the  metal — pro> 
dnced  in  the  fltnging  operation,  was  the  great 
obstacle  to  be  overcome.  Mr.  Heslop  com- 
menced experimenting  in  cold  lead,  and  he 
found  that  to  get  rid  of  the  **  buckle  "  in  one 
operation  was  an  impoasibility;  but  careful  ex- 
periments proved  that  the  difficulty  was  to  be 
overcome  by  degrees — that  is  to  say,  by  doing 
a  certain  portion  of  the  flanging  at  first,  Chen 
an  additional  portion  by  a  second  operation, 
and  the  remainder  by  a  third.  The  advantages 
claimed  for  the  invention  are  various.  These 
seamless  steel  boats  will  be  proof  against  the 
destrnotive  iuflaeDce  of  sun  and  shower,  and  be 
much  more  durable  and  reliable  than  wooden 
boats.  Thongb  made  of  steel,  the  weight  will 
not  be  greater  than  that  of  a  wooden  boat  of 
the  same  sizs,  asd  the  buoyancy  will  not  con- 
sequently bs  leas.  The  corroslveness  of  steel, 
which  can  be  prevented  by  painting,  will  not  be 
a  greater  drawback  than  it  la  in  the  case  of 
torpedo  or  other  vessels  made  of  the  same  ma- 
terial. It  is  contended  that,  in  every  respect, 
the  seamless  steel  boat  will  be  superior  to  the 
wooden  one,  and  the  coat  of  the  one,  it  is 
stated,  will  not  be  materially  greater  than  the 
other. 

Copper  Articles  Directly  from  th9  Roueh 
MetaL 

It  is  now  considered  quite  certain  that  the 
method  recently  patented  by  an  Eaglishman  of 
manufacturing  copper  articles  direct  from 
rough  copper  bars,  will  achieve  results  for  that 
metal  equal  in  importance  to  what  Besiemer's 
process  has  done  for  iron  and  steel.  B.*ufly, 
copper  is  eleotrioilly  deposited  from  the  rough 
bars  upon  a  revolving  mandrel  or  mold,  over 
the  face  of  which  a  burnisher  moves  auto- 
matically, and  so  condenees  the  copper  parti- 
cles as  they  are  deposited,  the  material  being 
thaa  rendered  not  only  dense,  silky,  fibroua  and 
cohesive,  but  possessing  an  otherwise  unob- 
tainable strength,  ductility  and  uniformity  at 
a  low  cost.  Among  the  advantages  ennmer- 
ated  for  the  process  is  the  important  one  that, 
in  the  manufacture  of  tubea  and  similar  artlclaa, 
all  drawing  down  and  brazing  ia  entirely  dis 
paused  with.  There  la  practically  no  limit  to 
the  diameter  of  seamless  pipes  and  other  ar- 
ticles that  can  be  produced,  which  haa  not  been 
the  case  heretofore.  Many  copper  products, 
especially  large  tubes,  vats,  cylinders,  and  the 
like,  can  be  made  direct  from  rough  copper  far 
cheaper  than  by  any  other  proceas.  The  elec- 
trical conductivity  of  the  annealed  oopper  is 
greater  by  four  and  a  half  per  cent  than  that 
of  the  best  commercial  copper;  and  the  copper 
oan  be  varied  in  tenaile  strength  and  ductility 
according  to  the  rrqairements.  With  all  these 
points  In  ita  favor,  it  is  also  stated  that  the 
quality  is  fiirst-olass  and  the  cost  much  re- 
duced from  that  of  the  ordinary  method. 

Half  a  Century  of  Inventions. 

Those  of  ua  not  yet  fifty  years  of  age  have 
probably  lived  in  the  most  important  and  in- 
tellectually progressive  period  of  human  his* 
tory.  Within  this  half-century  the  following 
inventions  and  discoveries  have  either  been 
placed  before  the  world  or  elaborated  :  Ocean 
steamships,  railways,  street  tramways,  tele- 
graph lines,  ocean  cables,  telephone,  phono- 
graph; photography  and  a  score  of  new  meth- 
ods of  picture-making;  auiline  colors,  kerosene 
oil,  electric  lights,  steam  fire  engines,  chemical 
tire-extinguishers;  aDceithettcs  and  painless  sur- 
gery; gun-oottop,  nitro  glycerine,  dynamite  and 
'  a  host  of  other  explosives;  aluminium,  mag- 
nesium, and  other  new  metals;  electro-plating, 
spectrum  analysis  and  the  spectroscope;  audi- 
phone,  pneumatic  tubes,  electric  motors,  elec- 
tric railways,  electric  bells,  type-writerp,  cheap 
poital  system,  steam-heating,  steam  and  hy- 
draulic elevators,  vestibule  cars,  cantilever 
'^ridgea.  These  areonlyafewoutof  a  multitude. 

M  positive  knowledge  of  the  physical  coustltu* 

ju  of  planetary  and    stellar   worlds   has   also 

en  attained  within  this  period. 


Oae  of  the  most  interesting  features  of  the 
industrial  department  of  the  eleventh  ceneu  , 
says  the  Philadelphia  Record,  will  be  the  enu- 
meration of  the  iron  and  steel  making  estab 
lishments  of  the  country.  Taking  the  nation 
as  a  whole,  the  iron  and  steel  industries  will 
probably  show  the  most  important  advances 
that  have  been  made  in  any  American  industry 
during  the  last  decade. 

The  great  strides  that  the  iron  and  steel  in- 
dustries have  taken  since  the  last  census  have 
been  not  only  in  increased  production  bnt  also 
in  the  introduction  of  new  elements  of  Industry, 
improved  processes,  and  the  amazing  develop- 
ment of  new  producing  territory. 

The  statistics  of  the  iron  and  steel  industries 
of  the  entire  country  are  being  gathered,  nnder 
the  direction  of  Dr.  Wm.  M.  Sweet,  who  is 
establishing  his  headquarters  at  261  South 
Fourth  street,  Philadelphia. 

The  iron  and  steel  department  of  the  divis- 
ion of  manufactures  embraces  blast  furnaces, 
rolling-mills  and  steel  works — iron  ore  being  a 
distinct  branch  of  the  division  of  mining.  In 
laying  out  his  work,  Br.  Sweet  has  prepared 
schedules  for  each  different  branch  of  the  iron 
and  steel  industriep,  grouping  them  in  this 
manner:  Blast  furnaces,  rotling-millp,  Baaae- 
mer  and  open  -  hearth  plants,  crucible  ateel 
plants,  and  forges  and  bloomeries.  In  addition 
to  separate  schedules  for  each  of  these,  there 
are  several  forma  for  preliminary  information. 
The  points  covered  by  these  schedules  embrace 
all  the  details  of  production,  such  as  character 
and  cost  of  material  and  labor,  and  are  calcu- 
lated to  bring  out  all  the  essential  features  of 
the  business. 

When  all  these  retnrns  shall  have  been  re- 
ceived, analyzed  and  classified,  they  will  show 
some  very  interesting  inform:ition.  One  of  the 
most  significant  features  will  be  the  position  of 
the  Southern  States  among  the  pig-iron  pro- 
ducers. While  the  progress  of  the  South  has 
been  known  in  a  general  way,  the  forthcoming 
census  will  set  forth  the  facta  in  a  more  definite 
and  detailed  form.  Alabama  and  Tennessee, 
which  ranked  tenth  and  thirteenth  respectively 
among  the  pig  iron-producing  States  in  the 
tenth  censup,  will  be  sbown  in  about  the  fourth 
and  fifth  plaoee;  while  Pennsylvania  and  Ohio 
will  still  hold  their  relative  rank  as  first  and 
second.  The  total  production  of  pig  iron,  as 
given  in  the  last  census  at  3,781,021  net  tons, 
will  appear  at  more  than  double  that  amount. 
The  American  Iron  and  Steel  Association's  re- 
port for  1S89,  which  will  come  very  near  the 
census  figures,  showed  S,517,06S  net  tons.  The 
steel-rail  output  will  show  an  increase  of  simi- 
lar proportions. 

Among  other  things  that  this  branch  of  the 
census  will  show  will  be  the  remarkable  extent 
to  which  steel  has  been  substituted  for  iron 
during  the  past  decade.  This  has  resulted 
from  improvement  in  the  methods  of  steel- 
maklug  and  the  consequent  reduction  in  the 
cost  of  product.  One  point  that  will  bd 
brought  out  by  the  census  which  ia  not  gener* 
ally  known,  and  which  did  not  appear  in  the 
tenth  census,  is  the  existence  of  extensive  fa- 
ctlities  for  the  manufacture  of  heavy  armor 
plates  and  for  making  heavy  gnnforgings. 

Ten  years  ago  this  country  was  practically 
without  such  facilities,  but  now  there  are  es- 
tablishmenta  in  the  United  Spates  that  ex- 
ceed any  in  the  world  in  their  capacity  for 
steel  forgings  and  heavy  armor  plates.  Since 
the  tenth  census  two  new  processes  of  making 
Bassemer  steel  have  been  Introduced,  and  are 
now  in  use  in  this  country.  These  are  the 
Clapp-Oriffiths  and  the  R:)bert-Beasemer  proc 
eaaea,  both  of  which  are  modifications  of  the 
ordinary  Basaemer  processes.  They  are  both  of 
comparatively  recent  origin,  and  their  use  has 
not  been  extensive  as  yet.  The  basic  process 
of  making  steel,  which  is  largely  in  use  in  Ger- 
many, ia  just  securing  a  foothold  in  thia  conn- 
try,  but  ita  introduction  has  been  retarded  by 
the  extended  litigation  over  the  patent  rights. 

Cheap  Plan  for  Making  Car  Wheels. — 
The  Railroad  Qazttte^  in  an  account  of  the 
shops  of  the  Northern  Railroad  of  France,  says 
they  have  a  very  economical  plan  of  making 
wheels  for  cars  by  bending  up  seven  pieces  of 
bar  iron  in  such  a  shape  that  the  center  fits  in- 
side of  a  band  or  false  felloe,  which,  in  turn,  is 
hammered  into  a  groove  in  the  tire.  Felloe 
and  bar  are  riveted  together  and  the  bars  bent 
round  to  the  center  of  the  wheel,  and  their 
ends  then  have  a  mold  placed  below  and  above 
them;  oast  iron  is  then  run  in,  forming  the 
hub,  which  is  afterward  bored  out  and  the  oast- 
ateel  axle  forced  in  by  55,000  to  66,000  pounds 
hydraulic  pressure.  The  life  of  the  center  of 
the  wheel  ia  said  to  be  practically  intermina- 
ble nnder  ordinary  condltionp,  and  the  cheap- 
ness la  such  that  they  are  now  adopted  almost 
entirely.  However,  in  some  cases  wrought 
bands  will  be  seen  to  have  been  shrunk  on  the 
hubs  of  some  that  have  been  cracked  by  wreck 
or  other  cause;  but  the  greatest  care  is  taken 
to  reject  any  with  sand  cracks  or  other  defects. 


SsiENTlFie  PFiOeRESS, 


Substitution  op  Iron  and  Steel  foe  Wood. 
Iron  and  stael  are  conatantly  coming  more  and 
more  into  uae  as  a  substitute  for  wood.  Thia 
perhaps  is  more  noticeable  in  France  and  Bo- 
gland  than  it  is  in  this  country.  Iron  and  steel 
are  need,  wherever  praoticab'e,  in  manufactured 
articles,  such,  for  instance,  as  building  ma- 
terials, boxes  and  packing  cases,  barrels  and 
casks,  carriagea,  carts  and  other  vehicles,  fnr- 
niture,  fencing,  railway  work,  sheds,  signal- 
boxes,  telegraph  poles,  etc. 


Instinct  vs.  Skill. 

Mechanical  skill  does  not  seem  to  be  alto- 
gether confined  to  the  human  family  of  animals. 
Many  of  the  lower  order  of  animals  seem  to 
possess  quite  as  high  a  degree  of  mechanical 
skill  aa  man.  We  call  it  instinct  in  the  lower 
orders  because  it  seems  to  be  inborn  with  them; 
while  in  man  it  is  an  acquired  knowledge  and 
reached  only  by  progressive  degrees.  The  ani- 
mal and  the  insect  perform  their  first  me- 
chanical work  without  either  model  or  inetrno- 
tiun,  and  their  first  Is  aa  perfect  aa  their  last. 
They  have  no  "scabs  "in  their  communities. 
The  relation  bstween  human  reason  and  animal 
instinct  is  so  nearly  allied  that  the  line  of  de- 
markation  cannot  be  readily  pointed  out. 

Who  does  not  admire  the  skill  of  the  bee  in 
oonstruoting  her  cells  for  honey  ? — nothing  could 
be  more  mathematically  correct.  The  same 
thing  may  be  said  of  many  other  insects — espe- 
cially of  the  various  spiders,  who  provide  beau- 
tifully delicate  and  safe  homea  for  their  fami* 
lies.  The  beaver  also  builds  his  dam  and  con- 
structs his  house  with  a  wonderful  degree  of 
what  we  are  constrained  to  call  intelligence. 
Its  mechanical  principles  are  perfect,  lie  could 
not  build  aa  he  does  without  a  cutting  tool  and 
trowel.  His  teeth  provide  the  one  and  his  tail 
the  other.  The  nests  of  many  varieties  of  birds 
display  much  apparent  ingenuity  and  fore* 
thought  in  so  constructing  them  as  to  guard 
their  progeny  from  danger  of  various  kinds. 
Many  other  similar  references  might  be  made. 

We  have  in  Gilifornia  what  perhaps  may  be 
considered  the  chief  of  animal  architects  in  the 
shape  of  a  spider.  Bis  form  and  habits  are  any- 
thing but  pleasant  to  consider,  bnt  his  archi- 
tectural skill  is  wonderful  to  contemplate.  In 
the  construction  of  his  home  he  may  well  chal- 
lenge the  world,  whether  insect  or  animal.  Ba- 
ing  confined  to  tropical  and  semi-tropical  re- 
gions, he  mnst  provide  a  retreat  impervious  to 
water.  This  he  does  by  the  use  of  a  cement 
that  becomes  80  firm  and  hard  that  water  will 
not  penetrate  ita  walls.  The  cover  to  his  little 
tenement  is  one  of  the  marvels  of  instinct 
which  approaches  so  near  to  reason  that  we 
can't  appreciate  the  difference.  It  la  a  trap- 
door and  on  the  top  of  his  house.  The  opening 
muBt  first  be  made  and  the  door  must  be  made 
to  fit  it.  No  cabinetmaker  ever  constrncted  a 
more  nicely  and  closely  fitting  door,  either 
large  or  small.  It  neither  shrinks  nor  swells  ; 
it  opens  as  easily  as  though  it  simply  rested 
upon  a  plain  surface.  It  haa  a  hinge  so  con- 
structed that  it  has  no  play,  except  in  the 
proper  direction  for  opening  and  closing.  As 
we  have  remarked,  the  opening  mnat  have  been 
first  made,  and  with  a  smooth,  beveled  edge. 
The  door  must  be  made  in  a  aeparate  piece  and 
is.  usually  about  half  an  inch  In  diameter, 
perfectly  round,  beveled  in  the  opposite  way 
from  the  opening,  and  about  a  sixteenth  of  an 
inch  in  thickness.  This  door  must  ba  made 
away  from  the  opening  which  it  is  designed  to 
close.  How  does  the  little  mechanic  contrive 
to  make  so  perfect  a  fib  ?  Djes  he  rely  solely 
upon  his  eye^for  the  proper  dimensions,  or  does 
he  lift  it  up  and  put  it  in  olace,  repeating  that 
operation  and  moving  it  c£f  again  until  he  gets 
the  exact  fie?  And  then  how  does  he  fasten  to 
the  opposite  walls  that  wonderful  hinge,  which 
never  creaks,  ao  elastic  and  yet  so  true  in  its 
motions  ?  If  the  ineect  was  a  human,  he  would 
patent  the  device,  and  make  his  co-associates 
pay  him  tribute  ;  but  not  so  in  apider  common- 
wealths— everything  there  is  common,  in  re- 
ality. 

Bid  any  one  ever  see  this  insect  mechanic  at 
hi3  work  ?  We  imagine  not ;  else  we  should 
have  been  told  lone  sinoe  just  how  he  wrought. 
He  is  a  very  shy  balng.  if  not  attacked,  and 
most  likely  would  go  oflF  on  a  strike  if  he  saw 
any  one  watching  him.  The  modus  operandi 
of  thia  spider  at  his  work  would  be  a  very  in- 
teresting study.  Who  will  take  the  time  to  in- 
vestigate and  report  upon  this  unique  species  of 
architecture  'i       

Astronomical  Progress, 

Daring  the  past  two  years  there  has  been 
much  valuable  progress  made  in  astronomical 
science,  especially  in  the  line  of  photographing 
certain  nebulze  and  other  star  clusters. 
Photography  has  also  brought  to  light  many 
very  faint  (gaeeone)  nebulas  which  the  tele- 
scope fails  to  detect.  The  moon's  surface  haa 
also  been  photographed,  and  its  minutest  de- 
tails brought  out  with  a  diatinctneis  hitherto 
unknown. 

The  1474  photographs  of  the  transit  of  Venus 
for  1S82,  taken  by  the  American  astronomers 
at  Washington  and  elsewhere,  have  been  re- 
duced, and  the  solar  parallax  resulting  there- 
from is  82  in  .847,  which  correaponds  to  a  mean 
distance  of  the  earth  from  the  sun  of  92,335  000 
miles,  with  a  probable  error  of  only  125,000 
miles.  These  numbers  are  no  doubt  close  ap- 
proximationa  to  the  truth,  but  they  cannot  be 
regarded  as  final  until  all  the  observationa 
made  by  astronomers  in  other  countries  are  re- 
duced and  discussed. 

Six  new  asteroids  have  been  discovered 
within  a  year.  They  are  all  exceedingly  small 
bodies  for  primary  planet?,  and  are  situated  in 
that  immense  region  between  Mars  and  Jupiter. 

A  very  valuable  discovery  of  great  practical 
importance  in  the  manufacture  of  astronomical 
telescopes  has  been  made  by  two  dlatingaished 
German  physicists,  Prof.  Abbe  and  Br.  Sohott, 


of  Jena,  Germany.  The  great  defect  In  all 
large  telescopes  of  the  refracting  kind  ia  the 
secondary  spectrum,  due  to  the  fact  that  the 
lenses  composing  the  object-glass  do  not  focus 
all  the  refracted  rays  at  the  same  point.  By 
using  different  kinds  of  glasp,  opticians  have 
succeeded  in  bringing  together  two  widely 
differing  rays  of  light,  the  red  and  the  blue, 
but  have  not  aacceeded  in  bringing  together  all 
the  other  intermediate  rays,  so  as  to  form  a 
colorless  image,  owing  to  what  is  called  "the 
irritation  ality  of  dispersion. "  It  is  also  olaimed 
by  the  discoverers  that  the  foci  for  visual  and 
for  photographic  purposes  are  identical.  All 
the  telescopes  hitherto  made  of  the  new  glass 
have  proved  quite  satisfactory  in  these  respects. 
The  recent  observations  in  regard  to  the 
mechanical  character  of  the  corona,  if  further 
observations  should  prove  ita  correctness,  will 
solve  a  most  puzzling  question  and  form  a  most 
important  step  in  astronomical  progress- — one 
which  will  redound  greatly  to  the  reputation  of 
the  Lick  Observatory,  from  whence  the  theory 
and  preliminary  observations  were  first  an- 
nounced. 

The  Heat  Evolved  by  Animals.  —  Prof. 
Rosenthal  of  the  Berlin  Physiological  Society 
has  been  experimenting  on  the  heat  given  off 
by  animals.  According  to  NaturCf  he  placed 
the  animal  to  be  experimented  upon  in  a  copper 
vessel  that  could  be  easily  ventilated,  and  sur- 
rounded this  vessel  by  a  reservoir  containing 
air,  whoae  expansion  or  contraction  was  to  give 
the  means  of  determining  the  heat  given  off  by 
the  animal  within.  Although  the  dog  used  In 
the  experiments  was  fed  in  exactly  the  same 
way  at  each  meal,  the  quantities  of  heat  pro- 
duced varied  very  largely,  and  no  considerable 
uniformity  could  be  had  without  taking  the 
mean  of  a  long  series  of  obsetvationi.  Up  to 
about  the  third  hour  after  the  meal  the  heat- 
production  diminishes.  It  then  rises  rapidly 
and  attains  a  maximum,  after  which,  at  about 
the  eighth  hour,  it  begins  to  fall  again,  irregu- 
larly, until  the  next  meal.  When  an  excess  of 
food  was  given,  the  heat  produced  was  always 
less  than  that  calculated  from  the  oxida- 
tion of  the  food;  bnt  with  a  uniformly  constant 
diet,  the  mean  value  of  the  heat  produced  cor- 
responded to  the  amount  calculated.  When 
the  surroundinGT  air  varied  in  temperature  be- 
tween 41°  and  77°  F.,  all  other  conditions  re- 
maining the  same,  a  minimum  production  of 
heat  was  observed  at  59°  F.  From  this  point 
it  increased  uniformly  in  both  directions — not 
only  when  the  temperature  fell  to  41°,  but  also 
when  it  rose  to  77".  The  amount  of  oarbonio 
acid  gas  given  off  by  the  animal  agreed  with  the 
theoretical  amount  when  the  experiments  were 
continued  over  a  considerable  length  of  time. 


The  Chinese  Language  — The  impreaaion 
generally  prevails  that  the  characters  used  to 
express  thoughts  and  sounds  in  the  Ohlnese 
language  are  necessarily  mnltitudinona  In  form 
and  character;  but  the  fact  is  that  when  re- 
duced, as  it  might  be,  to  ita  minimum  of  char- 
acters, it  ia  more  simple  than  any  language  ex- 
tant. There  seems  to  be  a  long  and  short 
form  of  expresaine  sounds  on  paper.  We  see  it 
stated  that  Kav.  W.  H.  Murray,  a  missionary 
at  Pekin,  has  devised  a  syatem  for  teaching  the 
blind,  and  haa  rednoed  the  Chinese  language  to 
408  syllables.  By  this  system  the  blind  have 
been  enabled  to  learn  to  read  with  marvelous 
facility.  So  simple  is  the  system  thus  in- 
augurated that  the  printing  of  books  is  pro- 
duced at  an  amazingly  low  rate  compared  with 
books  embossed  for  the  blind  in  this  country. 
Among  the  Chinese  the  blind  are  regarded  with 
great  consideration.  The  writer  was  informed 
many  years  ago  by  Dr.  MoGowan,  a  well-known 
Chinese  missionary,  and  a  person  well  acquaint- 
ed with  the  Chinese  language,  that  Chinese 
characters  might  be  reduced  to  less  than  half 
the  characters  employed  in  the  English  lan- 
guage, and  that  when  so  reduced  it  would  be 
the  easiest  language,  for  use  In  telegraohing, 
of  any  in  the  world.  The  work  of  Mr.  Murray 
in  that  direction  seems  to  confirm  the  opinion 
of  Dr.  McGowan. 


Another  Alleged  Sugar  Process,  by  elec- 
tricity, is  announcei.  A  correspondent  of  the 
Lcuiaiana  State  Planter,  of  New  Orleans, 
prints  a  letter  from  Havana,  Cub?,  in  which  oc- 
curs this  notable  paragraph:  ''You  will  re- 
ceive by  mail  a  small  parcel  containing  some  of 
the  sugar  said  to  have  been  manufactured  at 
this  place  by  the  electric  process  invented  by 
Messrs.  Maigrot  and  Scbales,  and  of  which  all 
the  Havana  papers  spoke  9ome  time  ago.  Said 
sugar  is  said  to  polarize  100°,  and  the  inventors 
of  the  process  affirm  that  sugar  of  the'  same 
kind  can  be  obtained  with  their  process  from 
all  sorts  of  juicea  of  certain  saccharine  rioh- 


Plant  Dynamics. — The  great  force  exerted 
by  growing  plants  may  be  demonstrated  by 
direct  measurement.  By  an  arrangement  of 
harness  and  leverp,  President  Clark  of  Am- 
herst Agricultural  College,  made  a  growing 
Equaah  register  a  pressure  equal  to  thousands  of 
pounds,  when  finally  the  barness  broke.  A 
tree  in  a  graveyard  at  Hanover,  Germany,  has 
lifted  more  than  five  inches  a  block  of  stone 
containing  20  cubic  feet. 

Uniform  Time  — Germany  has  adoptsd  a 
uniform  standard  of  time  for  the  whole  empire. 
The  fifteenth  degree  of  longitude  east  of  Green- 
wich la  near  the  center  of  the  empire,  and  when 
the  sun  is  immediately  over  this  meridian 
it  ia  declared  to  be  noon  for  the  whole 
country. 


May  31,  1890] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


367 


SOOD   HE:ALTH. 


How  to  Live  Loog. 

It  U  the  optDion  o(  Dr.  Lewi*  A,  Siyre,  the 
tamouB  snrgeoD,  that  everybody,  ander  ordi- 
n»ry  oiroum»t»noe»,  ahonld  lite  to  be  one  hun- 
dred years  old.  We  live  now  on  an  average  of 
from  eight  to  lilteen  years  longer  than  our 
forefathers,  but  still  we  die  prematurely.  In 
bis  judgment  it  is  possible  for  most  of  us  to  be 
centenarians,  withoat  neglecting  the  ordinary 
daliea  of  life,  if  we  observe  certain  laws  of 
health.  In  an  interTiew  lately  he  makes  many 
aaefal  suggestions,  which,  if  complied  with, 
would  tend  to  lengthen  the  average  of  life 
considerably.  He  says  that  the  majority  of 
people  cat  more  than  they  ought,  and  too  fast. 
In  eating  it  is  not  a  question  of  how  much  a 
person  can  devour,  but  how  much  he  can  dl 
gest.  Water  should  be  drank  at  its  natural 
temperature.  loe  water,  which  people  gener- 
ally gulp  down  in  unlimited  quantities,  para* 
lyzea  the  nerves  of  the  stomach,  and  is  one  of 
the  greatest  causes  of  dyspepsia  in  this  coun- 
try. Boiling  water,  drunk  an  hoar  or  so  before 
mealr.  Is  a  valuable  aid  to  digestion  In  many 
oases.  Whisky  is  useful  at  times,  like  oastor- 
oil,  but  It  is  not  bentfiolal  when  oaed  as  a  bev- 
erage. 

Tobacco  is  decidedly  injurious  when  need  to 
excess.  A  mild  cigar,  smoked  after  dinner, 
however,  has  a  soothing  effeof,  and  the  smoker 
Bustains  less  Injury  from  it  than  he  would 
from  rushing  off  to  work  on  a  full  stomach. 

The  average  person  onght  to  have  eight 
hours'  sleep.  Some  people  who  work  at  night 
and  sleep  in  the  daytime  live  to  a  good  old  age, 
but  people  who  work  during  the  day  and  sleep 
during  the  night  are  better  off. 

Open  grates  are  far  preferable  to  any  other 
means  of  heating  s  house,  for  they  help  venti- 
lation, which  is  an  Important  faotor  in  the 
prolongation  of  life. 

The  American  people  have  too  much  to  dp, 
too  much  to  think  about,  and  too  much  care  to 
bear.  Many  are  very  much  dietressed,  as 
younger  men,  to  know  how  thty  are  going  to 
make  sure  of  a  living.  By  and  by,  when  their 
reputation  has  grown,  they  are  driven  to  death 
with  the  work  forced  opon  them. 


QsEFUL  Informatio.n. 


How  Bask  balls  ake  MAL>ii. — Automatic 
macbiaea  for  mskiDK  base'balle  have  been  eo 
saccoaafally  ooDtrived  that  their  iotrodactioa  U 
likely  to  oooatitute  ao  important  practical  in- 
dastry.  Kioh  niaohine  winds  two  balla  at  one 
time,  aooordiog  to  the  following  movement: 
A  little  para- rubber  ball,  weighing  three- 
qaartera  of  an  ounce,  around  which  one  tnrn 
has  been  made  with  an  end  of  a  skein  of  old- 
fashioned  gray  stocking  y.irn,  ia  slipped  into 
the  machine,  then  another,  after  which  the 
boy  in  charge  toucbea  a  lever,  the  machine 
Btarta,  and  the  windiog  begins,  the  rubber 
ball  being  thus  hidden  in  a  few  seoondi,  tn  ita 
place  appearing  a  little  gray  yarn  ball  that  rap* 
idly  growB  larger  and  larger;  when  it  appears 
to  be  about  halt  the  sizs  of  a  regulation  base- 
ball there  ia  a  click,  the  machine  stops,  the 
yarn  is  cat,  and  the  boy  picks  out  the  ball  and 
toseea  it  into  the  basket.  When  this  basket  is 
full,  it  is  passed  along  to  another  boy,  who 
runs  a  aimilar  machine,  where  a  half-ounce 
layer  of  worated  yarn  ia  put  on.  The  next 
machine  adds  a  layer  of  ationg  white  cotton 
thread,  a  coating  of  rubber  cement  ia  next  ap- 
plied, and  a  halt-oance  layer  of  the  very  best 
fine  worsted  completes  the  ball  with  the  ex* 
oeptioa  of  the  cover. 

Ax  Alumint.m  Fire  Ei^CAPE — A  new  nae 
baa  been  luuod  for  the  peonliar  qualities  of  al- 
uminum, by  a  Mr.  J,  Athey  of  Marion,  Arkan- 
eas.  The  aluminum  is  rolled  into  a  thin  tape, 
capable  of  aaatalning  a  weight  of  1000  pounds. 
This  tape  ia  wound  upon  a  small  roll  provided 
with  a  clotoh.  Mr.  Athey  recently  gave  an 
exhibition  of  hia  invention  by  letting  himaelf 
down  from  the  Marion  suspension  brir^ge  near- 
ly to  the  river  below,  a  distance  of  192  feet. 
Ooe  end  of  this  tape  waa  faetened  firmly  to  the 
bridge,  near  the  center.  The  man  grasped  the 
reel  about  whioh  the  other  end  was  bound,  and 
by  means  of  a  clotch  waa  able  to  lower  himaelf 
or  stop  at  will.  When  he  reached  a  point  a 
short  distance  from  the  water,  he  hung  until 
his  photograph  had  been  taken.  The  advan- 
tage of  the  aluminum  over  rope  ia  the  small 
compass  into  which  it  can  be  arranged,  its  light 
weight  and  great  pliability. 


Love  of  Life. 


other  same.     The  farmers  regard   the  frogs   as 
Talnable  atug  and  insect  destroyers. 

A  MH^.SAiiK  was  signaled  from  Moaot  Kino, 
near  Fort  MuDoweP,  to  Mount  Graham,  near 
Fort  Urant,  A.  T.,  by  the  heliograph,  125 
milee,  in  a  single  Qish,  and  sent  to  Fort  Uua- 
chuaca,  90  miles,  making  215  miles  with  a 
single  Intel  vening  station.  Taia  waa  done  last 
Friday.  The  longest  distance  heretofore  has 
been  70  milee. 

Bii  LHK  Kxi'LOsiONs  IN  Kngland.— Lftst  year 
5:1  boiler  explosions  ooourred  Id  the  United 
Iviogdom  of  Great  Britain,  resulting  in  the 
death  of  25  persons  and  the  ir jury  of  53 
others.  Other  aocidents  in  oonneotion  with 
boilers  caused  death  to  7  pereons  and  icjuries 
to  12  people. 


iliNGI|vIEEF^ING   IpTES, 


Phrenologists  have  assigned  to  a  protuber- 
ance under  the  ear  the  faculty  of  "vitative. 
nesB,"  or  love  of  life,  and  some  of  them  assume 
that  In  proportion  to  the  size  of  the  bump  is 
the  strength  of  the  vital  element  in  the  indi- 
vidual. 

However  this  may  be,  that  the  love  of  life  is 
intense  in  some  minds,  and  scarcely  exists  at 
all  in  otherp,  nobody,  of  course,  will  deny; 
and  it  is  no  less  true  that  persons  who  earnest- 
ly desire  to  live  can  keep  a  mortal  disease  at 
bay  much  longer  than  those  who  are  compara- 
tively indiCTerent  to  their  fate. 

The  tenacity  with  whioh  some  men  cling  to 
life  is  marvelous.  We  had  an  instance  of  this 
in  the  case  of  a  noted  pugilist,  several  years 
ago,  who  was  shot  in  the  breast  daring  a  bar- 
room sccttla,  and  his  condition  was  pronounced 
hopeless  by  the  surgeons.  But  he  scoffed  at 
their  opinions,  and  actually  lived  several  days 
with  a  ball  in  his  heart;  keeping  his  hold  upon 
life — so  it  seemed — by  sheer  force  of  will. 

A  resolute  determination  not  to  succumb  is, 
as  every  army  surgeon  knows,  the  salvation  of 
many  a  wounded  soldier,  who  without  it  would 
assuredly  die.  In  the  Crimean  war  the  mor- 
tality among  the  wounded  Turks  was  much 
greater  than  among  the  wounded  French  and 
English.  The  latter  wrestled  stoutly  with 
D.-ath  and  often  b.ffljd  him  when  their  doom 
seemed  inevitable;  but  the  predestinarlan 
Mussulman,  when  dangerously  injured,  said 
gloomily,  "It  is  my  kismet"  (fate, )  turned  his 
face  toward  Mecca,  and  gave  up  the  ghost. 

There  o^n  be  no  donbt  that  love  of  life  and 
vigor  of  will  have  been  the  means  of  restoring 
to  health  thousands  of  patients  who  but  for 
these  mental  charaoteristics  must  have  per- 
ished.—-NfM  Tork  Ledger. 


FiEE  AND  Water  feom  the  Same  Well  — 
Some  gas-well  borers  in  Mirion,  Ind,,  struck  a 
stream  of  water  at  a  depth  of  250  feet.  The 
water  was  cased  off  and  the  well  sunk  900  feet, 
when  a  powerful  flow  of  gas  was  struck,  the 
pressure  of  which  lifted  the  casing  and  let  in 
the  water,  prodncing  a  veritable  geyser.  A  day 
or  two  afterward,  a  man  named  Jackson  oame 
to  the  derrick  and  struck  a  match  to  light  his 
pipe.  An  explosion  followed;  the  workmen 
were  blown  through  the  derrick,  and  Jackson 
narrowly  escaped  being  roasted  alive.  The 
derrick  was  burned  down.  The  strange 
spectacle  is  witnessed  of  a  resistless  vol- 
ume of  fire  and  water  iseuiog  from  the  same 
pipe.  The  column  is  shot  to  a  bight  of  100 
feet  and  escapes  with  a  roar  that  Is  appalling. 
All  ffforts  to  restrain  the  well  or  even  put  out 
the  fire  have  since  proved  futile. 


Colds  Cadght  at  Fdnekals  — Savere  and 
fatal  colds  are  often  taken  at  fanerals;  hut  a 
new  and  very  proper  innovation  has  recently 
been  made  in  several  localities  to  prevent  such 
occurrences.  This  consists  of  the  use  of  silk 
skull  oapp,  to  be  worn  by  the  minister  in  charge 
and  the  bearers  at  the  grave,  also  by  the  male 
members  of  the  family  and  other  attendants. 
The  caps  are  put  on  in  the  carriage  and  the  or- 
dinary hats  left  there,  the  oaps  to  be  worn  all 
the  time  at  the  grave.  It  will  prevent  many 
colds. , 

How  TO  Treat  a  Snake  Bite  —A  young 
man  was  bitten  on  his  thumb  by  a  rattlesnake, 
a  few  days  since,  near  Stockton.  The  lad  in- 
stantly out  through  the  wound  with  his  knife 
and  vigorously  sucked  out  the  poisoned  blood. 
His  prompt  treatment  saved  hia  life,  although 
he  suffered  severe  pains  from  the  wound  for 
several  days.  It  is  qnlte  generally  known  that 
such  treatment  will  usually  save  life;  but  there 
are  few  who  have  the  courage  or  thought  to 

try  it. 

A  Doctor  who  discourages  nostrums  tells  his 
patients  to  take  plenty  of  buttermilk  and  get 
plenty  of  sleep  instead  of  a  spring  medicine. 


Liquid  Gloe  possesses  great  resitting  power. 
It  is  paittcnlarly  recommended  for  joining 
wood  to  metals;  is  prepared  according  to  HeeEz, 
as  follows:  Clear  gelatine,  100  parts;  cabinet- 
makers' glue,  100  parts;  alcohol,  25  parts; 
alum,  2  pert";  the  whole  mixed  with  200  parts 
of  20  per  c^nt  acetic  acid  and  heated  on  a 
water-bath  for  six  hours.  An  ordinary  liquid 
glue,  also  well  adapted  for  wood  and  iron,  is 
made  by  boiling  together  for  several  hours  lOd 
parts  glue,  260  parts  water  and  16  parts  of 
nitric  acid. 

Florida  Shell  Mounds  — It  is  said  that  no 
part  of  the  United  Scales  contains  so  many 
remains  of  a  former  race  as  Florida,  as  shown 
in  both  the  number  and  size  of  her  mounds, 
some  of  which  consist  cbiefiy  of  shells  and 
others  mostly  of  sand.  The  shells  in  some  of 
the  mounds  partake  largely  of  the  general 
characteristics  of  pliocene  foasilp,  indloating 
that  the  mounds  are  of  a  very  great  age.  The 
scroll-work  on  some  of  the  larger  shells  and 
upon  pottery  indicates  a  Greek  origin. 

Bow  the  German  Rubber  Pavement  is 
Made. — A  German  paper  says:  Tne  rubber 
pavement  Invented  by  Basse-Hanuoaer  con. 
sists  of  85  per  cent  of  ground  stone  and  15  per 
cent  of  a  rubber  mass,  whioh,  after  a  special 
treatment,  is  mixed  with  the  stone  powder. 
This  pavement  material  is  entirely  even,  and,' 
when  applied  to  the  street  on  top  of  a  layer  of 
concrete,  looks  like  asphalt,  although  not  as 
smooth  as  this;  it  produces  no  dust,  and  is 
noiseless. 


Employes  in  the  Coal  Industry  — The 
number  of  employes  in  this  industry  in  the 
several  States  is  337.700,  of  which  number 
Pennsylvania  employs  208,000—91.000  of  whom 
are  engaged  in  the  anthracite  mines.  The  next 
largest  employer  is  Illinois  with  30,000;  then 
comes  Ohio  with  25,000,  and  Iowa  with  12  000. 
No  State  or  Territory  on  the  Pacific  Coast  ia 
inolnded  in  the  enumeration. 


The  Niagara  Falls  Canal. 

The  ship  canal  around  Niagara  Falls  has  b3en 
favorably  repotted  upon  by  the  Congressional 
House  Committee  on  Railways  and  Canals. 
The  bill  provides  for  a  ship  canal  built  by  the 
Uoited  States  around  Niagara  Falls.  The 
definite  location  is  to  he  made  by  a  board  of 
five  men  appointed  by  the  President,  two  of 
them  to  be  army  engineere,  two  clvit  engineers, 
and  one  *'  well-known  citizen."  The  bill 
would  appropriate  §1,000,000  to  commence 
work,  though  the  estimated  coat  on  present 
plans  is  $23,000,000.  The  new  canal  would  be 
21^  feet  deep,  23  miles  long,  and  the  locks 
would  be  400  by  80  feet. 

The  importance  of  such  a  work  ia  fast  com- 
mending itself  to  the  country  at  large.  The 
Canadian  work  of  quietly  deepening  the  Wel- 
land  canal,  so  as  to  make  it  serviceable  for  the 
largest  ships  and  men-of-war  as  well,  is  a  sub- 
ject which  demands  prompt  action  on  the  part 
of  our  Government  to  be  as  well  prepared  as 
our  neighbor  for  all  possible  contingencies. 
Aside  from  the  possible  advantage  it  would 
give  them  as  belligerents,  we  have  the  more 
near  contingency  of  commerce.  The  Incisive 
action  of  the  Canadian  Pacific  railroad,  and  of 
the  Canadians  generally,  looks  to  a  sharp  oom- 
petition  in  the  near  future  on  a  commercial 
plane.  The  Canadians  have  already  entered 
upon  a  system  of  "globe-encircling  steamers," 
whioh  will  start  from  Montreal,  Halifax  and 
New  York  in  the  fall,  so  as  to  avoid  the  sum- 
mer heat  in  India  and  the  Suez  canal.  The 
route  will  run  through  London,  Gibraltar, 
Malta,  Stt(z,  Penanf,  Cnlumbo,  Cilouttp,  Hong 
Kong,  Yokohama  and  Vancouver,  and  passen- 
gers will  be  on  the  same  steamer  throughout 
the  voyage. 

The  enterprise  which  will  carry  out  such  a 
program  will  not  fall  to  take  the  fullest  ad- 
vantage of  a  complete  water-way  for  the  larg- 
est ships  from  the  head-waters  of  the  Miaais- 
sippi  to  the  ocean.  The  United  States  will 
oome  far  short  of  i'8  mission  if  it  docs  not  take 
Immediate  steps  to  secure  at  least  the  business 
of  our  own  territory  for  our  own  transporta- 
tion, along  this  great  and  rapidly  growing  line 
of  commerce. 

The  idea  of  a  line  npon  our  side  of  Niagara 
to  compete  with  the  Welland  oanal,  whioh  is 
purely  a  Canadian  water-way,  is  not  a  new 
project.  It  is  only  the  revival  of  an  old  one, 
dating  its  first  inception  more  than  a  century 
ago— in  1784,  when  the  first  survey  of  this 
route  was  made.  In  1798,  it  was  again  dis- 
cussed and  recommended  by  Mr.  GiUatin. 
At  that  time  the  "  Great  West "  waa  almost  a 
terra  incognita,  and  there  waa  no  commerce 
west  of  Buffalo.  The  Welland  oanal  was  not 
even  thought  of.  But  the  War  of  1812  showed 
the  necessity  of  snob  a  water-way,  and  it  was 
built  on  the  wrong  side.  There  should  be  no 
delay  by  Congreas  in  rectifying  the  mistake. 

The  Nicaragua  Canal,  notwithstanding 
adverse  reports  circulated  by  parties  whose  in- 
terest lies  in  another  direction,  is  in  a  good 
state  of  progress  and  the  work  will  be  com 
pleted  much  faster  than  ia  generally  thought. 
Fifteen  thousand  men  will  soon  be  employed, 
among  whom  there  will  be  4000  skilled  me- 
chanics, and  the  work  will  then  be  pushed 
through  In  very  short  order.  The  extreme  un- 
healthfnlnesB  of  Panama  does  not  exist  in  No 
aragua,  and  there  will  be  less  loss  of  life  from 
climatic  icflaenoes  than  on  the  isthmus. 

The  Three  bladed  Propeller  lately  sub- 
atituted  for  four  blades  in  the  twin  screws  of 
the  Himbnrg- American  steamship  Augusta- 
Victoria  has  so  increased  her  speed  that  she  is 
reported  as  averaging  20  knots  in  an  8  hour 
trial  near  Hamburg.  The  Columbia,  of  the 
same  line,  which  is  now  claimed  to  be  faster 
than  the  City  of  New  York  or  the  Teutonic,  is 
also  to  have  three-bladed  propellers. 


E'LECTPjeiTY, 


Belgian  Farmers  have  become  alarmed  at 
the  way  in  whioh  the  frogs  are  being  exter- 
minated by  French  pot-hunters,  and  have  peti- 
tioned the  King  to  forbid  killing  frogs  during 
certain  months  of  the  year,  as  is  done  with 


Increasing  Usea  for  Electricity. 

The  increasing  uses  foreleotrioity  are  won* 
derful  to  oonttmplate.  Ic  is  just  announced 
that  the  electric  light  will  be  largely  employed 
in  dyeing  works,  where  also  electricity  may  be 
employed  for  other  purpoaes.  At  night  the 
light  permite  the  matohing  of  colors  as  in  day- 
llghr,  and  in  the  daytime  the  current  will  be 
employed  for  eleotro*chemioal  purposes. 

It  has  also  been  intiodnced  aa  a  tooth  ex- 
tractor.  The  inetrnment  consists  of  adjustable 
prongs  carrying  buttons  and  conneoted  with  an 
electrical  battery.  The  buttons  are  placed  on 
the  faoe  over  the  nerves  leading  from  the  teeth 
to  the  brain,  and  a  circuit  is  established  the 
moment  the  extracting  ioatiument  touches  the 
tooth  to  be  removed. 

Electric  soldertog  ia  another  late  itvention, 
which  will  do  away  with  the  cumbersome  and 
inconvenient  soldering  rod  whioh  has  been  in 
use  from  time  immemorial.  The  electric  im- 
plement can  be  made  much  shorter  and  lighter 
and  used  without  the  heat  baing  felt  by  those 
who  handle  it.  Another  advantage  is  that  it 
never  cools  off  unteea  the  connection  is  broken. 
It  is  intended  for  use  in  Urge  tinsmith  shops, 
where  many  are  constantly  employed. 

An  electric  meaenring  dtvloe  ia  one  of  the 
tateat  scientiQo  applications  of  electricity,  by 
which  distances  of  visible  but  unapproach- 
able objects  can  be  readily  meaBured,  This 
method  takes  the  place  of  the  ordinary  oalon- 
latioD,  by  which  distance  is  measured  by  the 
difference  of  an  angle  from  a  known  base 
line.  By  the  new  instrument  the  difference  ie 
obtained  more  readily  and  with  a  greater  degree 
of  accuracy.  In  practice  two  telescopes  are 
used  at  a  known  diatance  apait  and  the  princi- 
ple ia  based  upon  the  fact  that  by  a  simple 
electrical  arrangement  no  current  will  pasa  un- 
lesa  the  two  teleacopea  are  exactly  parallel. 
The  observer  notes  on  one  of  the  two  telescopes 
the  angle  required  to  prevent  a  current  from 
passlog  through  the  iDBtrument,  and  thus  meas> 
ures  or  rather  electrically  weighs  the  difference 
in  the  angle.  Thus  a  single  observer,  with  an  un- 
learned assistant,  can  determine  with  great 
rapidity  the  exact  distance  of  a  vessel  or  other 
object.  The  range-finder  is  designed  for  use  in 
naval  warfare  to  allow  accurate  firing  of  great 
guDP,  but  if  it  proves  as  satisfactory  in  practi* 
cal  use  as  is  claimed,  it  ahould  prove  far  more 
useful  in  the  parsnita  of  peace,  where  the  de- 
termination of  the  exact  distance  of  inaccessi- 
ble objects  is  often  of  great  importance. 

An  electric  heater  in  the  form  of  a  floor  mat 
constitutes  one  of  the  latest  applioations  of 
electricity  to  household  purposes.  An  excellent 
device  for  warming  the  toep,  says  the  L'kclrical 
Engineer. 

Electricity  as  a  Motor. 

Very  general  attention  is  being  called  to  elec- 
tricity as  a  motor  on  street  railways.  Under 
the  latest  improvementa  it  is  said  to  have 
proven  such  an  eminent  success  and  ia  so  much 
more  economical  than  either  horse  or  cable 
power,  that  It  is  soon  destined  to  become  very 
generally  the  power  for  street-railway  service. 
It  is  estimated  that  anywhere  from  20,000  to 
50,000  horses  now  in  nae  will  soon  be  thrown 
out  of  use  by  the  coming  motor. 

The  progress  of  the  electric  railway,  espe- 
cially in  the  United  Scatep,  ia  shown  in  an 
article  in  the  April  number  of  Scribner's 
Magazine,  in  which  the  prediction  is  ventured 
that  in  ten  years  there  will  not  be  a  horse  rail- 
way in  operation  in  this  country,  while  the 
speed  will  be  greatly  increased  in  const  quenoe 
of  the  greater  control  whioh  the  engineer  will 
have  over  his  car  than  can  be  obtained  on 
either  cable  or  horse-car  roads. 

It  is  claimed  that  the  pumber  of  electric  rail- 
ways now  operating  and  in  coarse  of  constrnc- 
tion  In  the  Uoited  States  is  179,  representing 
1260  miles  of  track. 

Improvements  in  electrto  motors  are  con- 
stantly being  announced.  It  has  just  been  re- 
ported that  a  Pennsylvanian  has  invented  an 
electric  motor  that  excels  any  yet  discovered. 
Oice  started,  it  ia  claimed,  the  motor  will  run 
10,000  hours  without  requiring  attention.  A 
motor  that  will  run  for  that  length  of  time 
would  be  a  novelty  indeed. 

Another  report  says  that  a  new  electric  loco- 
motive, just  completed  in  New  England,  and 
designed  to  tow  as  many  as  four  cars,  weighs 
seven  toop,  aqd  the  size  of  the  wheels  is  3G 
inches.  It  is  ran  by  two  motors  of  20-horae 
power.  It  has  an  air-brake  run  by  a  one  h.  p. 
dynamo  with  a  wheel.  It  runs  easily  20  miles 
an  hour.  It  has  a  fender  mach  like  the  oow- 
catcher  of  a  steam  locomotive. 


Cheap  Ocean  Steaming.— It  haa  been  com- 
puted, aa  an  illustration  of  the  great  cheapen- 
inc  of  ocean  freights  which  haa  taken  place  in 
recent  year?,  that  half  a  sheet  of  note-paper 
will  develop  sufficient  power,  when  burned  in 
oonneotion  with  the  triple  expansion  engine,  to 
carry  a  ton  a  mile  in  an  Atlantic  steamer. 

The  East  River  Tunnel  Fkoject  is  un- 
doubtedly making  progress  and  is  being  pushed 
with  energy.  It  has  been  long  obstructed  in 
the  Bridge  and  Tunnel  Committee  of  the  New 
York  Board  of  Aldermen,  and  the  proj  ctors  of 
the  tunnel  propose  to  know  the  reason  why. 


Mystesies  of  Electricity. — Says  the  Bir- 
mingham, Conn.,  correspondent  of  the  Anaonia 
Sentinel :  Aa  an  llluatration  of  what  a  subtile 
bat  strong  power  electricity  ip,  one  can  aee,  at 
times  when  an  electric  car  rana  off  the  track, 
an  interesting  example.  Saturday,  a  car  was 
oS  with  all  the  wheels  away  from  the  rails,  but 
the  motor-mantookalight  copper  wire, connected 
it  with  the  springs  on  the  forward  track,  then 
fastened  the  other  end  to  a  hanimer-head  and 
placed  the  hammer  on  the  rails.  This  com- 
pleted the  circuit  and  sufficient  current  waa 
sent  through  the  little  wire  to  move  the  car  on 
the  rough  ground. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Mat  31,  1890 


A.  T.  DEWEY,  W.  B,  KWEB, 

DEWEY  &  CO.,  Publisliers. 


Ofcce,  220  Market  St.,  N.  S.cor. Front  St.,  S.  F, 
IM"  Take  the  Elevator^  No.  IS  Front  St."^ 


W.  B,  EWER Sbniob  Editor 


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SAN    FRANCISCO: 

Saturday,   May,   31,    1890. 


TABLE  OF  CONTENTS. 


IliLUSTRATIONa.  ~  An  Ice  Arch  or  Natural  Tun- 
nei  Under  a  Glacier;  Crevasse,  Grand  Plateau;  Cre- 
vasse, Mer  de  Glace,  381.  A  Famous  Manzmita, 393. 
Deprepsion  in  Gravel  Mine,  Placer  County;  Ideal  View 
of  a  Table  Mountain  In  California;  Spanish  Peak;  Posi- 
tion and  Form  of  the  Alpine  Lakes,  369. 

BJL»l'J'UKlAij».— Pasainc  Events;  Gold  Mining  in 
Califnrnia;  California  Asphaltum;  Aluminium;  Foun- 
diy  Notes;  MisctUaneoua,  368. 

OOHBESPOMDBNCIli.— The  Deep  Gold  Placers  of 
California,  30 1 .  Note  on  Expellinij  Coarse  Sand  from 
Settlers;  Mines  and  Mills  of  Shasta  County,  362- 

MIS  jBLLA-NEODS.— Mount  Cory  Mill;  Coasli  In- 
diistri'l  Notep,  362.     A  Famous  Manzanita,  363 

MECHANICAL.  PROGRESS.  —  Mechanical  Im- 
provemtints;  Iron  in  the  Coming  Census;  Miscellan- 
eous, 366. 

SOIENTIFIC  PROGRESS.  —  Instinct  vs.  Skill; 
Astronomical  Progress;  The  Heat  Evolved  by  Animals; 
Toe  Chinese  Language;  Miscellaneous,  366. 

GOOD  HEALTH.— How  to  Live  Long;  Love  of  Life; 
Miscellioeous,  367. 

USEFUL  INFORMATION,— How  Base-Balls  are 
Made;  An  A'uminium  Fire  Escape;  Fire  and  Water 
from  the  Same  Well;  Miscellaneous,  367. 

ENGINEERING  NOTES.  —  The  Niagara  Falls 
Canal;  Miscellaneous,  367. 

BLECrRICITY.  —  locreaPing  Uses  nf  Electricity; 
Electricity  as  a  Motor;  M  sceltaneoua,  367- 

MINING  SUMMARY— From  Cbe  various  coxuities 
of  Calitornia,  Nevada,  Arizona,  Colorado,  Idaho,  Mon- 
tana, New  Mexico,  Orecon,  Utah,  Wyoming, 364-3"*&. 

MINING  STOCK  MARKET.— Sales  at  the  San 
Francisco  St^ck  Board,  Notices  of  MeetintTS,  Assess- 
menha.  Dividfiids,  and  Bullion  Shipments,  372 

MARKET  RE  PC  BTS.— Local  Markets,  Eastern 
Metal  Markets,  372- 

Business  Announcements. 

[new  this  issue.] 
Patent  Blow-Pipe  and  Assay -Farnacea—Wm.  Hoskina, 

Chicago.  111. 
De  ioquent  Sale  Notice— Gold  Hill  Mining  Company. 
Dividend  JJotice— Paoific  Borax,  Salt  and  Soda  Company. 
Ag.Tit  and  Com,  any  Promoter— AVm.  B.  Conly. 
Onyx  Mine  For  Sale— Nolan  &  Smith,  Los  Angeles. 

IWiSee  Advertising  ColumTis. 


Passing  Events. 

The  Free  Coinage  Silver  Convention  of  Ne- 
vada was  oommenoed  at  Oaraon  on  Thursday 
of  this  week.  As  a  leading  silver-prodncer 
among  the  mining  Sliates,  Nevada  is  vitally  in- 
terested in  the  questions  relating  to  the  free 
coinage  of  silver. 

The  water  in  the  Carson  river  is  now  at  a 
higher  stage  than  in  any  year  since  the  mills 
were  erected  on  its  banks,  and  the  pan-rooms 
are  being  flooded^  rendering  it  impossible  to 
operate  more  than  two  of  the  mills.  While 
the  present  flood  in  the  river  will  temporarily 
curtail  the  ballion  yield  of  the  Comstook  mines, 
millmen  are  confident  that  the  vast  piles  of 
snow  still  banked  up  in  the  Sierras  will  furnish 
water-power  for  operating  the  river  mills 
throughout  the  summer,  whereas  in  dry  sea- 
sons the  stamps  are  usually  hung  up  from 
three  to  four  months. 

A  movement  is  on  foot  in  this  city  to  obtain 
money  to  offer  as  a  bonus  for  another  trans* 
continental  railroad  to  enter  this  city.  Thus 
far,  upward  of  $70,000  have  been  subscribed. 
It  is  the  intention  to  give  the  bonus  to  the  first 
road  which  enters  the  city,  aside  from  that 
which  now  baa  its  terminus  here. 


F£T£B  Hammekstein,  an  employe  of  the 
Paoific  RjillDgmiUs,  had  his  sleeve  caught  in 
the  machinery,  and  bifore  be  could  be  ex- 
tricated his  right  arm  was  frightfully  crashed. 
JDr.  Banker  amputated  the  member  at  the  re- 
oeiving  hospital. 


Gold  Mining  in  California. 

R'ghtly  pursued,  gold  mining  in  California 
ought  to  be  the  safest  and  best-paying  industry 
in  which  oar  people  oould  engage.  Oar  min- 
eral territory  is. rich  in  the  various  forms  of  de- 
posits of  gold  and  of  almost  illimitable  extent. 
For  some  700  miles  in  length  is  a  moantainonB 
belt,  in  most  parts  of  whioh  gold  is  fonnd. 
There  are  gold  mines  in  tSan  Diego  county 
close  to  the  Mexican  border,  and  gold  mines 
in  Siskiyou  and  Del  Norte  conntie^,  on  the 
Oregon  border,  while  between  these  extremes, 
on  the  gold  belt,  there  is  not  a  county  where 
there  are  not  more  or  less  mines. 

The  mines  and  the  country  are  open  to  all. 
They  have  not  been,  and  never  can  bp,  monopo- 
Itzad  to.any  injurious  extent.  The  natural  fa- 
cilities for  prosecuting  the  basiness  are  general- 
ly good.  In  most  places  there  is  water^  and 
nearly  everywhere  timber.  The  climate  is  fa- 
Torable,  Forty  years'  experience  has  evolved 
the  best  methods  of  operation  and  improved 
appliances.  It  is  known  exactly  what  can  be 
done  with  certain  grades  of  ore  and  of  gravel, 
and  whatever  uncertainty  there  may  be  lies  in 
the  character  or  permanency  of  the  deposits 
themselves. 

For  the  product  of  a  gold  mine  there  is  al- 
ways a  prompt  cash  market.  It  never  suffers 
by  competition.  There  is  no  doubt  about  its 
ready  sale.  Trusts  nor  oombinations  do  not 
affect  it,  and  freight  rates  or  distance  have  no 
distnrbing  inffaenoe.  It  is  the  basis  of  values; 
the  standard  for  all  other  products;  and  the 
one  thing  for  whioh  everything  else  is  produced 
and  bartered.  No  legislation  is  needed  for  it; 
all  countries  receive  it  on  an  equality,  and  all 
men  strive  for  it. 

The  mining  for  gold  is  a  healthful^  manly  oc- 
cupation. Incapable  of  being  overdone  or  exces- 
sively crowded.  With  a  hundred  times  as 
many  mines  as  we  have,  the  products  would  not 
lessen  in  value  nor  would  there  be  competition 
between  the  prodacete.  There  are  quartz 
minep,  hydraulic  mines,  drift  mines,  bar  mines, 
river  mines,  beach  mines,  river  bed  mines, 
guloh  mines — all  producing  gold,  all  being 
worked  in  different  ways  for  the  same  product. 
Where  rightly  undertaken  and  prudently  car- 
ried on,  this  work  is  attended  with  as  little  un- 
certainty as  most  other  callings.  There  are  of 
course  blanks  as  well  as  prizes;  but  so  there  are 
in  all  industries.  "Bit  the  era  of  speculation 
having  passed  by,  and  that  of  legitimate  busi- 
nesa in  this  indostry  having  been  established, 
it  is  now  conducted  in  this  State  on  the  same 
basis  that  exists  in  other  enterprises. 


The  Strike  at  Cjkedale,  Montana,  haa  been 
settled,  and  the  miners  have  retnrned  to  work. 
The  terms  of  the  agreement  are  that  the  miners 
shall  receive  $1.10  for  hard  ooal  and  @l  05  for 
soft  coal  per  ton  of  2240  pounds.  Laborers' 
wages  around  the  mines  will  remain  as  formerly, 
$2  50  per  day.  All  the  old  hands  who  have 
committed  no  violence  will  be  given  work,  but 
a  few  will  be  excluded  from  the  mines.  The 
men  also  agree  to  boycott  two  saloon-keepers, 
who,  the  company  claim,  have  baen  the  prin- 
cipal agitators  of  the  strike. 


A  Frozen  Man.— The  schooner  DjLshing 
Wave  has  arrived  in  port  from  Sand  point. 
Among  her  passengers  from  Alaska  was  John 
McLichlan,  a  Scotchman,  who  has  been  en- 
gaged in  mining  for  several  years.  As  a  result 
of  exposure  his  bands,  ears  and  feet  were 
frozen.  Several  ffngeri  of  bis  right  hand  have 
dropped  off,  leaving  the  flesh  exposed,  and 
some  of  his  toes  have  also  decayed. 


Eighteen  Months  Ago,  Mrs.  Theodore  Su- 
tro  resolved  to  try  the  inffaence  of  music  on 
the  average  mining-oamp  child,  and  invited  all 
the  youngsters  of  Sutro,  Nov.,  to  singing  les- 
sons at  the  Satro  mE^naion.  Instruction  in 
singing  haa  been  continued  until  the  scholars 
of  the  tunnel  town  are  all  adepts.  By  a  con- 
cert, they  raised  money  and  made  needed  im- 
provements in  the  school  building. 

The  National  Geographical  Society  has  de^ 
oided  not  to  abandon  the  expedition  to  Alaska, 
and  it  will  start  aome  time  next  week.  By 
direction  of  the  Secretary  of  the  Navy,  the 
ship  Finta  has  been  furniahed  for  the  trip. 


Two  large  lumbar-miUs  at  Aoaoortes,  Or- 
egon, are  kept  running  day  and  night  to 
fill  orders  from  the  railroads  for  bridge  timber. 


Aluminium. 

There  ia  no  other  metal  on  the  earth  so 
widely  scattered  and  occarring  in  auch 
abundance  as  aluminium,  yet  it  is  never  found 
metallic.  But  the  oombinations  of  aluminium 
with  oxygen,  the  alkalies,  ff  aorine,  silicon  and 
the  acidp,  etc.,  are  so  numeroua  and  occur  so 
abundantly  as  not  only  to  form  mountain 
masses  but  to  be  also  the  bases  of  soila  and 
clays.  Fipecially  numerous  are  the  oombi- 
nations with  silicon  and  the  other  bases,  which 
in  the  form  of  felspar  and  mica  mixed  with 
quartz  form  granite.  These  oombinationr,  by 
theicffaence  of  the  atmosphere,  air  and  water, 
are  decomposed,  the  alkali  is  replaced  or  car- 
ried away,  and  the  residues  form  olays,  the 
clays  form  soils,  and  thus  the  surface  of  the 
earth  becomes  porous  to  water  and  fruitful.  It 
is  a  curious  fact  that  aluminium  has  never  been 
found  in  animals  or  plants,  whioh  would  seem 
to  show  that  it  is  not  neoessary  to  their  growth 
and  perhaps  be  injurious.  Most  of  the  alumin- 
inm  compounds  appear  dull  and  disagreeable, 
snch  as  felspar,  mtct,  pigments,  gneiaa,  porphy- 
ry, trachyte,  etc.,  yet  there  are  others  posaeaaing 
extraordinary  luster  and  so  beautiful  as  to  be 
classed  as  precious  stones.  Among  these  are 
the  ruby,  sapphire,  garnet,  tntquoise  and  to- 
paz. 

One  would  suppose  that  since  aluminium  oc- 
curs in  such  abundance  over  the  whole  earth 
that  we  literally  tread  it  under  foot,  it  would 
be  extracted  and  applied  to  numberless  uses, 
being  made  as  abundant  and  useful  as  iron. 
Bat  such  is  not  the  case.  Biauxite  and  cryolite 
are  the  minerals  most  used  for  producing 
aluminium,  and  their  preference  lies  mainly  In 
their  purity.  Native  alums  generally  contain 
iron,  which  must  be  removed  by  expensive 
processes.  Beauxite  comes  from  Austria  and 
France  and  has  only  baen  found  in  this  coun- 
try in  Floyd  county,  Georgia.  Cryolite  oomea 
from  Greenland.  It  has  been  found  in  CjIo- 
rado  in  very  small  quantity.  Native  sulphate 
of  alumina  has  been  found  on  the  Gila  river, 
Socorro  county,  N.  M." 

Those  interested  in  the  details  concerning  the 
physical  properties  of  thia  meta),  the  processes 
for  obtaining  it  and  making  its  alloya,  are  re- 
ferred to  a  book  by  Joseph  W.  Richards,  en- 
titled **  Aluminium,  Its  History,  Oconrrence, 
Properties,  Metallurgy  and  Application."  The 
work  is  a  well-written  one  and  ia  sold  for  $5 
by  the  pubUahera,  Henry  Carey  Baird  &  Co., 
Philadelphia. 

Foundry  Notes. 

The  strike  of  the  iron-molders  of  thia  city 
haa  now  lasted  over  12  weeks  and  they  are  still 
oat.  Meantime,  while  the  foundrymen  have 
been  greatly  inconvenienced,  new  men  have 
gradually  been  brought  In  from  the  East  and 
now  the  shops  are  all  running.  Altogether  161 
,men  and  40  boys  struck  in  the  12  foundries. 
This  occurred  on  March  3^,  but  as  soon  as  pos- 
sible men  were  brought  from  the  £  ist  and  more 
are  coming.  While  the  shops  have  not  yet  their 
full  quota  of  men, they  are  all  doing  very  well  un- 
der the  circumstances,  and  the  foundrymen  are 
confident  of  eventually  winning  the  contest. 
The  molders,  are,  however,  represented  aa 
equally  confident,  and  have  made  no  advancea 
toward  a  settlement  of  the  di£6culties.  The 
foundrymen  are  indifferent  as  to  the  attitude 
of  the  molders,  being  satisfied  they  can  get  on 
without  any  of  the  men  who  voluntarily  left 
their  work.  A  number  more  men  came  this 
week,  seven  of  them  having  gone  to  the  Kiadon 
Iron  Works. 

During  the  past  three  months  the  foundry 
.business  in  this  city  has  been  dull  and  unsatis- 
factory, mainly  owing  to  the  strike,  and  con- 
siderable work  has  been  sent  away  whioh 
should  have  been  done  here. 

In  carrying  oat  the  contract  for  the  new 
California-street  cable  line,  the  Risdon  Iron 
Works  mnet  make  some  300  tons  of  castings 
among  the  rest  of  the  work,  but  they  now  have 
plenty  of  competent  men  to  do  thia.  Thia  ia 
the  largest  contract  which  has  been  let  here 
since  the  strike  commenced. 

Mr.  A.  P.  Brayton,  after  having  bfen  one  of 
the  proprietors  of  the  Pacific  Iron  Works  for 
35  years,  has  retired  from  the  firm  and  will 
hereafter  be  aaacciated  with  the  Pdlton  Water- 
Wheel  Co. 

A  vast  amount  of  work  Is  being  done  on  the 
new  cruiser  San  Francisco,  at  the  Union  Iron 


Works,  and  the  yards  now  present  a  very  busy 
eight.  There  are  two  large  vessels  undergoing 
repair  on  the  dry-dnok. 

California  Asphaltum. 

Asphaltum  ia  mined  to  a  considerable  extent 
in  this  Sbate,  but  the  annual  production  is 
quite  irregular,  being  governed  by  the  local 
demand.  When  a  great  deal  of  iron  pipe  is  be- 
ing laid,  large  quantities  of  the  substance  are 
uaed  in  coating  it.  Aaphaltum  ia  found  in  the 
counties  of  San  Luis  Obispo,  Santa  Clara,  Ven- 
tura and  Sinta  Birbara.  Between  2000  and 
3000  tons  a  year  are  shipped  from  the  de- 
posits. 

The  mines  of  the  Ventura  Aaphalt  Co.  in  the 
Canyon  Diablo,  Rincho  San  Miguelito,  have 
come  into  prominence  since  1888,  when  they 
were  discovered.  The  material  is  found  at  or 
near  the  surface.  About  1800  tons  have  been 
so  far  ahipped  from  thia  deposit.  More  or  leas 
prospecting  work  has  been  done,  but  now  large 
cuts  or  tunnels  are  being  run  into  the  depoalt. 
At  the  point  now  being  worked  the  elevation 
above  sea  level  is  1300  feet,  but  frequent  fos- 
sils of  shells,  shark's  teeth,  etc.,  are  found, 
showing  that  the  mass  came  up  from  the  ocean. 

The  vein  or  bed  crops  out  at  many  points 
in  the  shape  of  fingers  or  rounded  masses  con- 
necting with  the  main  body,  the  width  and 
length  of  which  are  unknown,  but  upon  which 
breasts  of  45x16  feet  have  been  worked. 

The  quality  of  this  aspbaltum  is  unique, 
poaeessing  aa  it  does  great  toughness  and  hard- 
ness, and  a  larger  amount  of  fixed  bitumen  than 
other  known  deposits.  The  percentage  of 
fixed  bitumen  ia  24.40.  It  fluxes  readily  in 
oils,  coal-tar,  and  by  hydrocarbons,  and  may  be 
made  permanently  of  the  hardness  of  stone  or 
the  pliability  of  india  rubber,  according  to  kind 
and  quantity  of  flax{solvent)  employed  and  the 
manner  and  time  of  melting,  etc. 

It  haa  been  ancoessfuUy  employed  in  street 
paving,  and  is  found  not  to  soften  by  heat  or 
crack  by  frost.  It  is  in  use  for  this  purpose  in 
several  cities  in  this  State,  Utah,  Washington, 
British  Columbia,  Mexico,  Guatemala,  Sand- 
wioh  Islands  and  Australia.  For  cementing 
masonry  it  has  been  put  to  use  in  Bin  Fran- 
oisoc,  Santa  Barbara  county  and  other  places. 
The  Southern  Pacific  Co.  built  a  piece  of  sea- 
wall along  the  seashore,  Ventura  county, 
which  was  built  up  of  round  cobbles,  cemented 
together  by  this  asphalt.  Two  years'  trial 
shows  no  indications  of  the  wall  being  injured. 

A  peculiarity  of  the  Ventura  county  asphalt 
is  that  it  ia  elastic.  The  Santa  Ana  Water  Co. 
used  it  for  plastering  a  reservoir,  having  first 
laid  up  a  wall  of  cobbleatones  on  puddle  and 
then  plastering  this  with  hot  asphalt.  In  thia 
open  reservoir  no  change  in  the  material  ia 
seen;  even  in  places  where  the  wall  settled 
and  cracked,  the  coating  stretched  and  bent, 
remaining  perfect  and  sustaining  the  water 
pressure.  A  pile  coated  with  this  asphalt  was 
driven  at  Goat  laland  without  destroying  the 
coating.  In  doing  this,  the  weight  of  3000 
pounds  was  dropped  22  feet  on  the  pile.  The 
material  can  be  used  for  coating  iron,  planks, 
pipes,  etc.  Inquiries  for  the  substance  from 
the  Eastern  S!;ates,  Eogland,  France,  Australia, 
and  Central  America  promise  an  important 
shipping  business,  unless  other  deposits  with 
such  exceptional  properties  are  fonnd. 


The  Revenge  Gold  Mining  Co  ,  incorpo- 
rated in  this  city  this  month,  intend  working 
125  acres  of  a  placer  bar  on  the  north  fork  of  the 
Silmon  river,  Liberty  district,  Siskiyou  Co. 
The  gravel  averages  40  feet  deep,  and  the 
estimated  value  is  $7000  per  acre.  The  water 
rights  controlled  are  5000  miner's  inqhes,  and 
300  feet  hydraulic  pressure  can  be  obtained. 
There  ia  unrestrioted  liberty  to  dump  debris  in 
the  streams,  there  being  no  agricultural  lands 
and  no  navigation.  They  can  have  a  mining 
season  of  eight  or  ten  months,  and  will  spend 
§10,000  in  improvements  on  the  claim.  Frank 
H.  Hall  Is  superintendent,  Julius  Howes  presi- 
dent, and  J.  W.  Pew  secretary. 

Mrs.  Richard  A.  Proctor,  the  widow  of 
the  famous  astronomer,  is  visiting  the  Lick  Ob- 
servatory on  Mount  Hamilton,  where  she  is 
the  guest  of  Prof.  S.  W.  Burnham,  During  her 
whole  married  life  Mrs.  Proctor  ably  assisted 
her  husband  in  his  astronomical  observations 
and  in  the  preparation  of  many  of  his  interest- 
ing books.  She  has  become  well  qualified  to 
write  and  lecture  on  astronomical  anbjeots. 


May  31    1890,] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


3t>9 


The  Deep  Gold  Placers  of  California. 

(Concluded from  pige  30-J.) 

Sivilz^rland  ie  creacoDt'Sbaped;  its  leogth  is 
about  45  milep,  greatest  width  SA  miler.  and 
extreme  depth  1095  feet.  The  preueot  surface 
is  \2'M  feet  above  sea  levfl.  Ic  has  an  area  of 
about  'JlJQ  iquare  miles.  All  of  these  lakes  are 
DOW  being  tilled  with  silt  from  somewhat  dis- 
tant gUci^rs—Maggiore  by  thfl  Ticior,  Como 
hv  the  Mera  and  Adda,  aod  Geneva  by  the 
K^one. 

It  is  a  ourioufl  fact  that  these  lakes,  like 
the  glacier%  are  ore8oeDt<i>haped  or  at  least 
•larved.  The  map  (Fig.  17)  from  Biedeker's 
'  Switzerland  "  shows  the  position  and  form  of 
the  Alpine  lakes  and  the  striking  resem- 
blance they  bear  to  the  so-oalled  ancient  river 
channels  of  Oatifornia.  And  It  ia  fair  to  assume 
that  these  beds   are   ezceediugly    irregular  and 


Fiflf.    18. -DSPBBSBION    IN    GRAVEL    MINE,    PLDMiS    COUNTY. 


Fig.    7.  -  IDEAL    VIEW    OF    A    TABLE    MOUNTAIN    IN    CALIFORNIA. 


:  Fie.    18. -SPANISH    PKAK,    SEEN    FROM    ONION    VALLEY.    BASE    OF    PILOT    PEAK 


deeply  obanoeled  by  the  glaciers  that  formed 
thero. 

Glacial  lakes  are  sometimes  formed  by 
terminal  moraines,  after  a  deep  channel  has 
been  excavated  by  the  glacier,  also  by  land- 
sUdes,  many  instances  of  whi<3h  ate  on  record. 

In  the  opinion  of  Gnkie:  "The  only  agent 
capable  of  excavating  hollows  out  of  solid  rocks 
such  as  might  form  lake  baeios.  ia  glacial  ice. 
It  is  a  rema'  kable  fact,  the  sipniBcance  of  which 
may  now  be  seer,  that  the  innumerable  lake 
basins  of  the  northern  hemiephere  lie  on  the 
surfaces  of  ioteneely  ice-worn  rocks,  the  str  lu 
can  be  seen  on  the  smooth  rook  surfaces  slip- 
ping into  the  water  on  all  sidep.  These  striie 
were  produced  by  the  ice  movino;  over  the 
rooks.  If  the  ice  could,  as  the  atr  iu-  prove,  de- 
scend into  the  rock  basin  and  mount  up  the 
farther  side,  smoothing  and  striating  the  rock 
as  it  went,  it  could,  to  a  certain  degree  at  least, 
erode  basins." 

When  a  glaoier  fljws  over  an  uneven  bedrock, 
some  portions  of  the  ice  remain  practloally 
stationary,  while  others  oontinae  to  move  on. 
In  this  manner  lake-beds  are  scooped  out  deeply 
if  the  rock  is  soft,  for  the  orusbiog-power  of 
the  superincumbent  ice  ia  very  great.  This 
peculiarity  of  a  glacier  has  an  important  bear- 
ing on  our  Bubject. 

Mr.  W.  S,  Chapman  of  San  Francisco  in- 
formed me  that  in  the  Uaion  Consolidated 
Drift  minr,  at  Portwine  in  Plumas  county,  a 
lake  like  depreBsion  was  discovered  to  whioh 
there  was  no  oatlef,  the  whole  areo,  40  feet  deep 
and  half  a  mile  wide,  being  wholly  prospected. 
There  ia  no  doubt  as  to  the  truth  of  this  state- 
ment. Toe  depreseion  is  fi  led  with  large 
bowlders  which  lie  also  on  the  bedrock.  At  A 
and  C  as  well  as  at  B  (Fig.  18}  a  river  cannot 
flow  down  such  a  depression  and  up  the  other, 
but  glacial  ice  can. 

My  theory  assumes  an  ancient  lake-bed  in 
Plumas  and  Sierra  coanties  whioh  I  have  named 
**Lake  Trask"  I  have  not  yet  traced  out  its 
boundaries,  although  I  have  seen  numerous  evi- 
dences of  its  former  existence.  I  am  of  the 
opinion  that  all  the  placers  of  the  two  coanties 
are  within  its  area.  If  I  should  not  be  able  to 
continue  my  stady  on  this  subject,  1  hope 
others  may  do  so,  and  either  prove  or  disprove 
this  theory. 

The  Gates  Ore-Crusher. 

The  Western  Agency  of  the  Gates  oruaher 
has  been  transferred  from  the  Pacific  Iron 
Works  to  the  Pelton  Water  Wheel  Co,,  121 
Main  street.  This  orusher  has  already  been 
adopted  by  many  of  our  most  prominent 
mining  companies,  as  well  as  for  road  macadam, 
and  parties  using  them  claim  great  advantages 
over  other  forma  in  the  matter  of  durability  of 
wearing  partp,  ae  well  as  fineness  of  product. 

Electrical  Execdtion,  —  The  Supreme 
Court  has  decided  that  Kemmler  ma^t  die  by 
the  electric  method.  Chief  Justice  Fuller  de- 
livered the  opinion  of  the  court,  which  says 
that  the  New  York  Legislature  and  the  New 
York  oourta  carefully  oonsidered  the  question 
as  to  whether  death  by  electricity  was  inhuman 
and  cruel,  and  decided  it  was  not  as  much  so 
as  death  by  hanging  and  other  methods  whioh 
have  long  been  employed  by  the  civilized  world. 
Such  unusual  and  cruel  punishments  as  burn- 
ing at  the  stake,  disembowelment,  or  other 
torture  would  not  be  recognized  by  the  law  of 
civilized  nations,  but  there  seems  to  be  no  evi- 
dence that  death  by  electricity  is  more  cruel 
than  the  methods  recognized  by  the  Consti- 
tution. 

The  new  steamboat  for  the  Donahue  line  has 
been  launched,  and  was  brought  over  to  the 
city  last  week  for  her  machinery,  whioh  was 
!?uilt  by  the  Fulton  Iron  Works.  The  boat  ia 
290  feet  long  ovar  all,  and  on  ita  keel  270  feet. 
Its  beam  covers  78  feet,  while  the  depth  of  the 
hold  is  15i^  feet.  The  immense  engine  of  250- 
horse  power  intended  for  this  steamer  will  be 
equipped  with  a  65inch  cylinder,  with  a  12- 
foot  stroke,  and  it  is  estimated  that  the  speed 
of  the  boat  will  be  equal  to  that  of  the  Sin 
Rikfael.  The  boat  will  be  built  principally  for 
freight  tr&ffie,  and  wilt  contain  room  enough 
for  16  freight  cars.  There  will  be  pasaenger 
saloons  on  either  side  of  the  lower  deck.  The 
vessel  will  coat,  when  finished,  $230,000. 

Loss  BY  Silver  Discoont. —  The  total  nrp- 
prodnct  of  the  Con.  Cal.  &  Va.  mine  in  1S89 
was  135,190  tons,  yielding  bullion  the  grosa 
value  of  which  was  $3,238,468.85.  The  dis- 
connt  on  silver  on  the  above  yield  resulted  in 
a  loss  of  $550,539  to  shareboldera  during  that 
year — a  aum  sufficient  to  have  disbursed  five 
monthly  dividends  of  50  cents  each.  The  aver- 
age yield  in  bullion  per  ton  was  $24,  In  the 
quarterly  official  returns  from  the  mine  the 
discount  on  silver  Is  deducted. 


Fig.   17. -POSITION    AND    FORM    OF    THE    ALPINE    LAKES 


The  minine  companies  at  Batte  City,  Mon- 
tana, are  experimenting  on  deep  mining  with 
the  moat  aattsfaotory  results.  The  Gay  nor 
shaft  has  been  sunk  to  the  900  level,  and  will 
be  put  down  to  the  1000. 

Adjusters  have  settled  the  Hartery  Mining 
Company's  loss  at  Grass  V^lUy,  by  Saturday 
night'fa  fire,  for  $3306.  The  polioiea  were  for 
$4000. 

Contracts  have  been  let  in  Inyo  oounty  for 
burning  50,000  bushels  of  charcoal  for  smelting 
purposes. 

An  exodus  of  miners  from  Tusoarora,  Nev., 
to  Butte  City,  Mont.,  ia  reported. 


370 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Mat  31,  1890 


PARKE    &    LACY   COMPANY 

IMPORTERS    AND    MANUFACTURERS    OF 

MINING,     MILL    and    GENERAL     MACHINERY. 


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nrkMPOTTMrj  44  engines,  STATiJr)AT?n  99  bngines,  TTTMTOT?  166  engines, 

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NOTICE  TO  GOLD  MINERS! 


JUSTINIAN  CAIRE,  Agent, 

521  &  523  Market  St.,  San  Francisco, 


— DBALBR    IN- 


Assayers'  and  Mining  Material. 


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KEITH    ELECTRIC    CO., 


W0RTHIN6T0N  STEAM  PUMPS! 


—  MANDFACTUBEKS   OF  - 


Apparatus  for  Electric  Light  and  Electric  Power 

OFFICE,  40  NEVADA  BLOCK, 

Factory,  Stevenson  St„  bet.  First  and  Ecker,  SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 

ESTABLISHED    1866. 

Pacific  Chemical  Works. 

HENRY    G.    HANKS, 

Practical  and  Industrial  Chemist,  Assayer    ^ 
and  Geologist,  '~^^- 

718  MONTGOMERY  ST^^ -        SAN  FRANCISCO. 

iS*W111  report  on  the  condition  and  value  of  any  mining  property  on 
tlie  Paoif  c  Coast.  Bare  Cliemleals  made  to  order.  Instruotions  given  In 
Aseayiug  and  Fraotloal  CliemfBtry. 


^S^ 

'im 


M\  Contract  to  Pamp  any  Elevation  at  One  Lift, 

}  are  pumpiug  through  one  contiuuous  line  o(  pipe  114  miles  long  agaiuEt  a  pressure 
equal  to  3500  feet  elevation, 

WE   HAVE   MORE  PUMPING    CAPACITY 

SIIPPI.TING     WATER    AVORKS 

Than  all  other  Manufacturers  In  the  United 
States  Combined. 


WE  BUILD  PUMPS  FOR  EVERY  PURPOSE 

FOR  WHICH  PUMPS  AKE  USED, 

And  against  pressures  up  to  SOOO  pounds  per  square 
inch. 

Send  for  Illustrated  Catalogue. 


FaclBc  Coast  Sales  ^gent, 
NOS.    59   AND   61    FIRST   STREET,    -    -    -    DONAHUE   BUILDING, 

ALSO  AGENT  FOE  THE 

NATIONAL    WATER     PURIFYING    COMPANY, 

Haying  the  largest  Artifif  jal  Plants  in  the  United  States  in  operation  in  Philadelphia  and  Chattanooga, 
having  cnanged  the  next  best  system,  in  several  instances,  to  the  National.    Any  capacity  guaranteed. 


PERFECT  PULLEYS 

First  Premium  Awarded  at  Mechanics'  Fair,    1884. 

Sole  Licensed  Manufacturers  of  the 

MEDART    PATENT    WROUGHT    RIM    PXTLLET 

For  the  States  of  California,  Oregon  and  Nevada,  and  the  Territories  of  Idaho,  Waahlogton 

Uontana,  Wyomhig,  Utah  and  Arizona.     Lightest,  Strongest,  Cheapest  and 

Best  Balanced  Pulley  in  the  World.      Also  Manufacturers  of 

PAT.  (M.  25, 1881.         SHAFTING,    HANGERS    AND    APPURTENANCES. 

tS"  SbND  for  ClROULABfi  AND  PBIOS  LIST.*^ 

Nob.  lag  and  181  FBBMOMT  STBBBT  BAN    FBANOZSOO,  OAL. 


Mat  31,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


371 


AMALGAMATING  MACHINERY. 

stamp  Mills  lor  Wet  or  Or)  Crushing. 
Huntington  Ctntrilugal  Quartz  Mill.  Drying 
Cjllnders.  Amalgamating  Pans,  Settlers, 
Agitators  and  Concentrators.  Retorts,  Bul- 
lion and  Ingot  Moulds,  Conveyors.  Elevators, 
Bruckners  and  Howell's  Improved  White's 
Roasting  Furnaces,  Etc. 


FRASER  &  CHALMERS, 

MINING  MACHINERY 


CONCENTRATING  MACHINERY. 


IMPROVED  CORLISS  vA^v^E IV^Im  engines.     « 


Blake,  Dodgeand  Comet  Crushers,  Cornish 
Crushing  and  Finishing  Rolls,  Hartz  Plunger 
and  Collom  Jigs.  Frue  Vanner  &  Embrey 
Concentrators.  Evans'.  Calumet,  CoMom's 
and  Rlttengor's  Slime  Tables.  Trommels, 
Wire  Cloth  and  Punched  Plates.  OreSam* 
■■■■■■■^^^^    pie   Grinders  and  Heberle  Mills. 

n/%11    PDO    HORIZONTAL.    VERTICAL 
D\/l  LCiKO    .  .  .  AND  SECTIONAI . 


:i:imc]P]blov3so   &t^^zm.viik   mwM.ii&i^m 


Hoisting  Engines, 
Safety  Cages, 

Safety  Hooks, 

Ore  CARS,  Water&Ore 
BUCKETS, 

Air  Compressors, 

Rock  Drills,  Etc. 

GENERAL  MILL  ANO 
MINING  SUPPLIES,  ETC. 
Sectional  Machinery 

FOR 

MULE-BACK 

TRANSPORTATION. 


Pumping  Engines 

and  Cornish 

Pumping  Machinery, 

IMPROVED 
WATER    JACKET 

Blast  Furnaces  for 
Calena&  Copper  Ores, 

SLAG  CARS  AND  POTS, 

Roots  &  Baker 
Pressure  Blowers, 

SUSPENDED 

TRAMWAYS. 


General  Offices  and  Works:     FULTON  AND  UNION  STS.,  CHICAGO,   iLL. 


NEW  YORK,  Room  43,  No.  2  Wall  St.        DENVER,  COLO.,  1316  Eighteenth  St.       SALT  LAKE  CITY,  UTAH, 
7  W.  Second  South   St.       LONDON,  ENC,  23   Sucklersbury,  E.   C.       CHIHUAHUA   CITY,    MEXICO,  No.  II 
LIMA,  PERU,  South  America.        JOHANNESBURG,  TRANSVAAL,  South  Africa. 

HELENA,  MONTANA,  Iloom  28,  Merchants'  National  Bank  Baildlng,  No.  NortU  Main  St. 
SOLE    WESTERN    AGBNTS    FOR    TYLEK    WIRE    WORKS    DOUBLE    ORIMPBD    MINING    CLOTHS. 


BRANCH  OFFICES 

Qalto  de  Juarez. 


THE     FSLTON     "WATER     WHEEL 

GIVES    THE    HIGHEST    EFFICIENCY    OF    ANY    WHEEL    IN     THE    WORLD. 


^^^E!5s.xHttRWs 


OVER  800  ALREADY  IN  USE. 

Affords  the  Most  Simple  and  Reliable   Power  for  all 

MiDiDg   and   ManufaotariDg   Machinery. 

Adapted  to  beads  running  from  20  up  to  2,000  feet. 

From  12  to  20  per  cent  better  reenltB  guaranteed  than 

can  be  produced  from  any  other  Wheel  in  the  Country. 

ELECTRIC  TRANSMISSION. 

Power  rom  these  Wheels  can  be  transmitted  long 
distances  with  small  loss,  and  is  now  extensively  used  in 
alljparts  of  the  country  for  generating  both  power  and 
light. 

APPLICATIONS 

Should  state  amount,  and  head  of  water,  power  required, 
and  for  what  purpose  ;  with  approximate  length  of  pipe  ; 
also,  whether  the  application  is  with  reference  to  Wkeeh 
or  Motors  described  below.     SEND  FOR  CIRCULARS. 

The  Pelton  Water  Wheel  Co. 

121  UAIN  ST.,  SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL, 

Varying  from  the  fiaotion  of  1  np  to  15  and  20-horBe  power,     Uneqnaled  for   all  light-runniue:  tnaohinery.     Warranted  to  develop  a  given 
amount  of  power  with  one.half  the  water  required  by  any  other,     tar  SEND  FOE  MOTOR  CIRCULAR.    ADDRESS  AS  ABOVE. 'SI 


JAMES    LEFFEL'S 

Mining  Turbine  Water  Wheel. 

These  Wheels  are  desigrned  for  all  purpoees  where  limited  quantities  of  water  and 
high  heads  are  utilized,  and  are  guaranteed  to  give  more  power  with  lesa  water  than 
any  other  wheel  made.  Being  placed  on  horizontal  shaft,  the  power  is  tranemitted 
direct  to  shafting  by  beltB,  diapensing  with  gearing. 

Estimates  furnished  on  application  for  wheels  specially  built  and  adapted  in 
capacity  to  suit  any  particular  case. 

Further  information  can  be  obtained  of  this  form  of  construction,  as  well  as  the 
ordinary  Vertical  Turbines  for  Wooden  Penstocks  and  In  Iron  Globe  Cases,  free  of  cost, 
by  applying  to  the  manufacturers. 

JAMES    LEFFBL    &    OO.. 
Springfield,  Ohio,  or  110  Liberty  St.,  New  York. 

FRASER    &    OHALMERS,  General  Agents, 

Ohlcago,  111.1  and  Benver,  CoL 

PARKB    &    LiAOT,  General  Agents.  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


The  Best  Mining  District 

On  the  Pacific  Coast  I 

GRASS   VALLEY,  CAL. 


» 


THE  BEST  NEWSPAPER  published   in  the  district   is 

Daily  and  Weekly  edition.  Gives  all  the  Mioiog  News. 
Dealers  in  Mining  Machinery  and  Mining  Supplies  will 
Qnd  THE  TIDINGS  the  best  medium  for  directly  reach- 
ing the  owners  or  managers  of  mines.  Investors  in 
mines  will  6nd  it  to  their  advantage  to  subscribe. 

Many  mines  are  in  successful  operation,  and  new 
enterprises  are  being  instituted  and  many  others  are  in 
concemplatioD. 

DAILY,  86  00  a  year;  WEEKLY,  S2  50,  in  advance. 
H.  S.  SPAULDINQ,  Publisher. 

T.  C.  HOCKING,  Editor. 


INlfCUTnDG  on  the  Pacific  Coast  should  secure 
I W  f  bll  1  UnO  their  Patents  through  Dewey&Co.'s 
linniio  Am  Soustifio  Prbss  Pateot  Agency,  No.  220 
Uuket  Sk,  S.  r. 


THOMAS  PRICE  &  SON, 

Assay  OflQce,  Chemical  Laboratory, 

BULLION  ROOMS  and  ORE  FLOORS, 

524  Sacramento  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

COIN  RETURNS  ON  ALL  BULLION  DEPOSITS  IN  24  HOURS. 

WORKING    TESTS    OF    ORES    BY    ALL    PROCESSES, 

SPECIAL  ATTENTION  PAID  TO  CONCENTRATION  OF  ORES. 

Ores  Received  on  OoDsignment.  Sampled,  Assayed,  and  Disposed 

of  in  the  Open  Market  to  the  Highest  Bidder. 


ffletalllirgy  apd  Qre3. 


SELBY 

SMELTING  and  LEAD  CO.. 

416  Montgomery  St.,  San  Francisco. 

GOLD    AND    SILVER    REFINERY 
And  Assay  Office. 

Highest  Prices  Paid  for  Gold,  Silver  and 
Lead  Ores  and  Solphurets. 

HAVUPAOTURULB  OF^.. 

BLUESTONE, 

LEAD  PIPE, 

SHEET  LEAD, 

SHOT,  Etc.,  Etc. 

ALSO  UAN0FA0TOR.KRS    OF 

Standard    Shot-Gun    Cartridges, 

Under  Chamberlin  PatenL 


JOHN  TAYLOR  &  CO.. 

lUFOKTBRB  AND  DRALBRS  IH 

ASSAYERS'    MATERIALS,    MINE 
AND  MILL  SUPPLIES, 

ALSO  CHEMICALS.   AND    PHYSICAL,  SCHOOL    AND 

CHEMICAL  APPARATUS. 
63  &  66  First  St.,  cor.  Allssion^San  FranoUoo. 
Cy^      We  would  call  the  attention  of  ,,--s=^^=^=:=-^ 
[      Assayers,  Chemists,  Mining  Com-  C*?^^^?:^?^-/ 
paniea,  Milling  Companies,  Pros-  ^K^TERSE^''^ 
pectors,  etc.,  to  our  (uU  stock  of       t^— —c? 
Balances,  Furnaces,    Muffles,  Crucibles,   Soorl- 
flers,    etc.,    including,   also,  a   full    stock    of 
Chemicals. 

Having  been  engaged  in  furnishing  these  sup- 
pliee  slnoi  the  first  discovery  of  mines  on  the 
Pacific  Coast,  we  feel  confident  from  our  experi- 
ence we  can  well  suit  the  demand  for  these 
goods,  both  as  to  quality  and  price. 

Agents  for  the  Morgan  Craclble  Co.« 
Batteraea,  England.  Also  for  £.  O.  Dennis- 
ton's  Silver  Plated  Amalgam  Plates.  The  plates 
of  thia  well-known  manufacturer  are  thoroughly  relia- 
ble, and  full  weight  of  Silver  guaranteed.  Ordeis  taken 
at  hl8  lowest  pricea.  Our  Illustrated  Catalogue  and  As 
say  Tables  sent  free  on  application. 

JOHN  TATLOR  A  OO. 


Nevada  Metallurgical  Works. 

NO.  23  STEVENSON  STREET, 

Near  First  and  Market  Streets,  S.  P. 

C.  A.  LnoEBARDT,  Manager.  Establishbd  1809, 

Ores  worked  by  any  FrooeBS. 
Ores  Sampled, 

Assaying  in  all  its  Branches. 
Analyses  of  Ores,  Minerals,  Waters,  eto, 
Working  Testa  (practical)  Made. 
Plans  and  Specifications  furnished  for  the 
most  suitable  Process  for  Working  Ores. 

Special  attention  paid   to  Examinations  of 
Mines;  Flans  and  Reports  furnished. 

O.  A.  LUOKHARDT  St  OO^ 
(Formerly  Hubn  &  Luokhardt, 
Mlnliur  Enslneers  and  Metallurvlsts. 


GREAT    REDUCTION! 

BATTERY    SCREENS. 

Best  and  Cheapest  In  America. 

No  imitation,  no  deception,  no  planished  or  rotten 
Iron  uaed.  Only  genuine  Russia  iron  in  Quartz  Screens. 
Planished  Iron  screens  at  nearly  half  my  former  rates. 

I  ha\e  a  large  aupply  of  Battery  Screens  on  band 
suitable  for  the  Huntington  and  all  Stamp  Mills,  which  I 
will  sell  at  20  per  cent  discount. 


^^^m^m 


PERFORATED  SHEET  METAL 

For  Flour  and  Rice  Milla,  Grain  Separators,  Revolving 
and  Shot  Screens,  Stamp  Batteries  and  all  kinds  of  Mln 
Ing  and  Milling  Machinery.  Iron,  Steel,  Copper,  Brass. 
Zinc  and  other  metals  punched  for  all  uses. 

Inventor  and  Manufacturer  of  the  celebrated  Slot  Cut 
or  burred  and  Slot  Punched  Screena. 

Mining  Screens  a  specialty,  from  No.  1  to  15  (fine). 
Orders  pronaptly  attended  to. 

San  Francisco  Pioneer  Screen  Worki, 

231  &  »S3  First  St.,  Saa  Francisco.  Cal. 

JOHN  TV.  QUICK,  Proprietor. 


WINCHESTER  HOUSE. 


41  Third  Street, 


San  Francisco,  Cal, 


This  Fire  proof  Bricii  Building  is  centrally  located,  in 
the  healtliiest  (art  of  the  city,  only  a  half  block  from  the 
Grand  and  Palace  Hotels,  and  close  to  nil  Steamboat  and 
Railroad  Offices. 

Laund  ry  Free  for  the  use  of  Families. 

HOT  AND  COLD  BATHS  FKEE. 


Terms,  Board  and  Room,  $1.00  per  Day 

And  Upward, 

Booms  with  or  without  Board, 

Free  Coach  to  the  House 
or.  si'ooxjnEi-s'. 


S72 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[May  31,  1890 


II]arkei  J^epof^ts. 


Local  Markets. 

San  Francisco.  May  29.  1890. 

Genpral  trade  is  only  fair.  High  water  in  some 
localities,  melting  snow  in  the  mountains,  harvesting 
in  some  sections,  and  harvest  work  lo  be  started 
soon  in  others  are  against  an  immediate  active  trade. 
The  tariff  and  silver  questions  are  also  against  a  free 
movement  in  goods. 

Among  the  foundries  and  machine  shops  there  is 
more  life,  with  larger  oid-^rs  received  and  being  exe- 
cuted. The  molders'  srike  is  virtually  a  thing  of 
the  past. 

The  money  market  continues  easy,  with  no  urgent 
demand  from  any  particular  quarter,  while  remit- 
tances from  the  interior  are  Iree.  Large  sums  of 
money  will  be  wanted  in  July,  August  and  Septem- 
ber with  which  to  move  the  wheat  crop. 

MEXICAN  DOLLARS  — The  market  is  quiet 
since  the  sailing  of  the  last  steamer  for  Hong  Kong, 
and  is  strong  at  8o^@8i  cents. 

SILVER— The  market  in  London  has  held  easy 
but  steady,  but  in  New  York  there  was  a  gradual 
shading  in  prices.  The  action  of  the  market  looks 
as  if  the  manipulators  of  silver  certificates  are  bid- 
ding for  shorts,  and  not  to  corner  silver  against 
the  Mint,  as  the  Director  is  reported  as  saying.  The 
manipulation  of  silver  presents  a  broad  speculative 
field  in  this  country,  and  also  abroad,  for  all  secur- 
ities and  commodities  whose  value  is  conirolled  by 
the  price  of  silver  move  in  sympathy  with  the  latter. 
The  recent  advance  and  later  decline  in  silver  showed 
this  to  a  remarkab'e  extent,  and  more  than  proves 
the  position  this  paper  has  taken  on  the  question 
and  the  utmost  importance  of  remonetizing  silver. 
Leading  English  financial  papers  are  b 'ginning  to 
advocate  the  further  introduction  of  silver  into  cir- 
culation, with  a  strong  leaning  toward  bimetallism. 
The  action  of  Congress  on  the  subject  will  have  a 
strong  bearing  on  the  question  abroad.  It  now 
looks  as  if  no  definite  action  will  be  taken  by  Con- 
gress on  the  silver  bill  until  toward  the  close  of 
June. 

The  local  market  has  held  steady  at  1035^  cts,, 
Mint  prices.  Offerings  are  still  light — said  to  be 
owing  to  the  small  output  on  the  coast. 

London  cables  quote  silvpr  to-day  at  46^^  d,  a 
decline  of  Vb  d;  while  New  York  came  through  at 
I02j^  cts.,  an  advance  of  %  ct. 

QUICKSILVER— Receipts  the  past  week  aggre- 
gate 92  flasks  and  e.xports  28  flasks  to  Guaymas. 
The  market  continues  very  strong  under  light  ob- 
tainable supplies,  good  demand  and  strong  markets 
abroad. 

BORAX — Exports  by  sea  the  past  week  aggre- 
gate  335  tbs.  to  Honolula  and  100,264  lbs.  to  New 
York.  Under  a  free  output  and  offish  buying  the 
market  is  weak  at  quotations. 

LIME— Receipts  the  past  week  aggregate  5406 
bbls.  and  exports  by  sea  200  bbls.  to  Honolulu. 
The  demand  is  only  fair.  While  quotations  are 
unchanged,  some  shading  for  round  parcels  can  be 
secured. 

LEAD~-The  market  holds  strong.  At  the  East, 
continued  activity  is  reported.  The  higher  prices 
asked  restrict  any  speculative  movement.  European 
advices  report  an  easy  market. 

TIN— Imports  the  past  week  aggregate  100  boxes 
plate  by  overland  rail,  and  expDrts  66,995  ^^-  'o 
Santa  Rosalia.  The  market  shows  more  strength, 
with  plate  fetching  an  advance,  Prospective  tariff 
legislation  has  some  influence,  as  has  the  large  run 
and  active  salmon  canning  on  the  Columbia  river. 
It  is  also  claimed  that  fruit-canner^  will  use  more 
this  year.  The  higher  price  of  silver  is  in  favor  of 
European  holders. 

COPPER— The  market  holds  strong,  with  still 
better  prices  looked  for  if  silver  should  advance  lo 
a  higher  range.  The  output  in  this  country  is 
steadily  absorbed  by  home  consumption  and  export 
demand.  The  latest  London  cables,  May  22d,  to  the 
iron  Age  are  as  follows  :  A  large  business  has  been 
done  in  ingots  at  the  advanced  prices,  and  the  de- 
mand is  still  heavy.  A  considerab'e  quantity  of 
matte  has  been  taken  for  reshipment  to  America. 
Smelters  and  consumers  are  short  of  stock  and  have 
been  anxious  buyers,  causing  a  steady  reduction  in 
spot  supplies.  Only  small  quantities  are  held  by 
the  trade,  and  a  further  rise  is  considered  probable. 
French  holders  are  conducting  operations  skillfully. 
At  the  present  rate  of  manufacture,  it  is  estimated 
that  12,500  tons  more  will  be  required  this  year  for 
sulphate  than  was  used  last  year.  The  visible  sup- 
ply decreased  3300  tons  during  the  first  half  of  the 
month. 

IRON— The  market  is  barely  steady.  The  con- 
sumption is  increasing,  but  the  stock  is  larg,e.  The 
foundrymen  are  turning  out  more  work,  owing  to 
having  very  nearly  their  full  quota  of  molders. 

COAL — Imports  of  coal  the  past  week  aggregate 
as  follows:  Seattle,  1150  tons;  Tscoma,  2734;  Coos 
Bay,  1200;  Nanaimo,  1300;  total,  6284  tons.  The 
market  for  Australian  is  quiet  but  steady.  For  dis- 
tant shipment  there  are  sellers  at  slightly  less  than 
we  quote,  but  these  cargoes  could  not  be  expected 
here  before  the  turn  of  1891.  English  coals  and 
freights  are  said  to  be  too  high  to  attract  buyers. 
In  coast  coals  the  market  is  well  supplied  at  un- 
changed quotations.  No  late  advices  are  at  hand 
regarding  the  miners'  strike  in  the  Wellington  mine. 
Unless  the  strike  continues  for  some  time,  it  is  not 
Ukely  to  have  any  effect  on  the  coal  market  here. 

Eastern  Metal  Markets. 

By  Telegraph. 

New  York,  May  23.- The  (ollowing  are  the  cloeing 
prices  the  past  week; 

Silver  in    Silver  in 

London.  New  York,  Copper.      Lead.        Tin. 
Thureday..  .47  1-16     1  OSJ  Sl6  05       $4  32^      S20  90 

Friday 47  1-16    1  03  15  10         4  20         £0  85 

Saturday.... 47  1-16    1  03  15  10         4  20         20  85 

Monday —  108  15  10         4  2B         2100 

Tuesday 47  1-16  1  02^  15  25         4  30         21  15 

Wednesday.. 47  1  02i  15  30         4  3i>i        21  25 

Nrw  York,  May  26. — California  Borax  ia  lower;  refined 
and  powdered,  S3@9c.  The  demand  is  light.  Quickeilver 
is  firm  at  the  last  advance,  73@74,  Xlio  position  of 
copper  is  strong  here  and  abroad.  Lake  producta  held 
ISJc;  Quincy  eold  at  that;  Arizona  14io;  Carting,  13ic, 
Nominally  wants  not  large.  Lead  bad  a  speculative 
advance.  Sales,  900  tons,  S4.30@4  35;  June  and  July, 
fiubeequeotly,  $4(^4.30,  down  to  $4.20;  laet  price  big  at 
close. 


MINING    SHAREHOLDERS'     DIRECTORY. 

COMPILBD  BVERT  TUURSDAT    JfROM  ADVERTISBMBNTS  IN  THE  MINING  AND  SCIKMTIFIC  PRBBS  AKD  OTUBB  S.  F.   JODKHAL8 

ASSESSMENTS. 


COMP  NT.  Location.  No.  Am't.  Levied. 

Acme  M  &  M  Co California.  .10.. 

Alpha  Coii3  M  Co Nevada, .  4. . 

Andes  S  M  Co Nevada. .36.. 

Belcher  M  Oo Nevada.. 39.. 

Beat  &  Belcher  M  Co Nevada.. 4(i.. 

Brodie  Tunnel  Co CaUfornia ..16.. 

Ohallenge  CnDs  M  Co Ne  aia. .  6.. 

Confidence  8  M  Co Nevada.. l"!,. 

Cons  Imperial  M  Co Nevada.. 27.. 

Cons  New  York  M  Oo Nevada..  3.. 

Del  Moole  M  Oo Nevada  .  3., 

Found  Treasure  M  Co Nevada..  6.. 

Gold  Hill  M  Co     California  .  9.. 

Goulds  Curry  M  Co Nevada.. 04.. 

Gray  Kagle  M  Co Ca  i(ornia..17.. 

Hale  *  ><orcro3s  M  Co Nevada.. 95. . 

Hartford  M  Co Nevada..  7.. 

Holmes  M  Co Nevada., Iti.. 

Ken  tuck  M  Co Nevada..  2i.. 

Locomotive  M  Co Arizona..  7.. 

Mexican  M  Co Nevada., 40.. 

Morntut;  Star  Cons  M  Co Arizona..  1. . 

Navajo  M  Oo Nevada.. 20.. 

North  Belle  Isle  M  Co .Nevada.  .17.. 

North  Commonwealth  M  Co... .Nevada..  3,. 

Occdental  'ions  M  Co Nevada,.  6,. 

ir'eerlesa  M  Co Arizona..  5.. 

9eg  Belcher fisMideaConaM  Co. Nevada..  6.. 

b'ierra  Nevada  M  Co Nevada,. 97.. 

Silver  Hill  M  Co Nevada.  .26. . 

Teresa  M  Co Mexico . .  I . . 


Dblinq't.     Salb.     Rkcrbtart.  Place  of  Business, 

3.. Mar  20..., June  2... June  23..J  M  Biiffington 303  California  St 

25.. Apr     5....Miy  16....  June  5..C  S  Elliott 309  Moutgom'=ry  St 

25. .Apr   10 May  14 June  3.  J  J  Hawkins 3u9  Montgomery  Ht 

50.. Apr  29...,Juue  3.... Jun  24.. CL  Perkins 329  Pine  St 

35,  .M  y  17....Junl7.....Mily  8..LO  bt.m 309  Mont.g.raiery  St 

"""    --       "■     ..Jnne  25 July  16.  .0  C  Harvey 3l3  California  St 

..Jun  17...  July  8..CL  McCoy 329  Pine  St 

.Jun  13.... July  2.. A  a  Groih 414  California  St 

..May  22     .June  II,. CL  McCoy 3^9  Pine  St 

..June  2ti. ...July  17. .OK  Elliott 309  Montjfouiery  St 

.May  2ii.,.Jnne  13.. J  W  Pew 310  Pine  St 

.June  27.,.  July  18*S  Stadfeld,  Jr 3C9  Montgomery  St 

,May  24. ,  .June    10.  .0  A  Gross Phelati  Block 

.June  3 Jun  26.  ,A  K  Purbim 3i9  Montgomery  St 

.Junel  r,..,JuuB30..J  M  Buffington 3  3  California  St 

.  May  14 June  5.,A  B  T.  ompsou.,.., 309  Montgomery  St 

,  May  15       Jnne  6..  J  Herrmann 303  California  St 

May  19....Jnn  24. ...July  15,. 0  E  Elliott 309  Montgomery  3t 

Apr  2i*...,Juoe  3.. ..Jun  24. .J  W  Pew 310  Pine  St 

'     ..Juu    4....  J  no  23..  A  H  Fib 309  Montgomery  St 

..Jun  IS,. ..July  9..CEElliott 309  Montgomery  St 

.May  31. . . .  Jun  21.  .1  W  Nowlin 230  Montgo--  ery  St 

..May  15.... June  6,.J  WPew ^ 3i0  Pine  St 

..May  14...  June  5-  J  W  Pew 310  Pine  St 

.May  21...  June  25..  J  W  Pew 310  Piue  St 

.June  6..., Jun  30.. A  K  Durbim 309  Montgomery  St 

.Apr  30...  June  9.. A  Waterman 308  Montgomery  Bt 

.June  9.,..June  30.,E  B  Hohnea  309  Montgomery  St 

..Jun  12.,.. July  2.. EL  Parker 309  Montunmery  St 

..May  20.,..JuneU..D  C  Bates 309  Montgomery  St 

..Jun  13 Jun  2).  A  Cheminant 328  Montgomery  St 


25.. May  21 
50. .May  14.. 
75. .May  10.. 

5..Aiir  17.. 
15.. May  22.. 
20,, Apr  16.. 
25. .May  22.. 
;Jo..Apr  17,.. 
30,. Apr  28.. 

....May  1,. 
50.. Apr     9  . 

2..  Apr     " 


May  1 
25. .May  13. 
2..Air  3u.. 
50..  Apr  8. 
20.. Apr  8. 
25.,  Apr  16., 
25., Apr  28.. 
10, .Mar  28.. 
30.. May  5.. 
50.. May  10. 


20..  Apr  14 
10.. May    " 
MEETINGS  TO  BE  HELD. 
Namb  op  Oompaut.  LonATToi^.    Skoretart  Offtob  in  S.  F  Mketino  Daie 

Caledonia  G  M  Co California..  A  Cheminant 328  Moutjtomery  St Annual June  3 

Calistoga  Cons  M  Co Cal.fornia.,H  S  Fitch 329  Post  St Annual June  2 

Orown  Puint  M  Oo Nevada.  .J  Newlands 329  Pine  St Annual June  2 

Hartford  M  Co J  Hermann... 303  California  St Aunual Ju  je  3 

Homestake  M  Co Dakota., J  0  Stump  309  Montgomer.  St  Annual June  10 

Seg  Belcher  &  Mides  Cons  M  Co., Nevada.. B  B  Hotmea 389  Montgomery  St  Annual June  3 

Suiter  Creek  G  M  Co California,, F  E  Luty 330  Pine  St  Annual June  3 

Benton  Coal  Oo Oregon,,!)  D  Stark 24  Sacramento  St Annual June    'i 

Van  Victor  Cons  M  Co California.. A  L  BmuLer 35  New  Montgomery  St Annual June  2 

LATEST  DIVIDENDS— WITHIN  THREE  MONTHS. 
Nahe  op  Company.  Location.     Seubetart.  Office  in  S.  F  Amount."  Patablb 


Champion  M  Co California. .  T  Wetzel 522  Montgomery  St 10 . . 

Candeiaria  Oona  M  Co Mexico,  .G  Gato 309  Montgoncery  St 25.., 

Caledonia  MO Nevada..  AS  Cheminant 328  Montgomery  St 08., 

Oon  OaJifomia  &  Va  M  Co .  .Nevada.  .A  W  Havens 309  Montgomery  St 25  . 

Derbec  Blue  Gravel  M  Co California.  .T  WetzeL 522  Montgomery  St 10.. 

Idaho  M  Co California .Grass  Valley 2  50. . 

Mt  Diablo  MOo Nevada.. R  Heath 319  Pine  St 30.. 

Pacific  Borax  Salt  &  Soda  Oo. .. CaUfornia.. A  H  Clough 230 Montgomery  St 1  00  . 


,  .Jan  20 

Apr  5 

...May  15 
. .  Feb  111 
. .  Apr  24 
....Mar  7 
,...0ct2' 
..June  10 


San  Francisco  Metal  Market. 

WHOLESAJCB. 

Thursday,  May  29,  J890. 

Antimony 2^^     23 

BoBAX— Refined,  in  carload  lota 8@      — 

Powdered  "        "       "    8  @     — 

Concentrated      "         "        '*    7i@     — 

All  grades  jobbing  at  an  adviance. 

OoppEa— 

Bolt 23  @      25 

Sheathing 23  @     25 

Ingot,  jobbing 17J@      1 8i 

do,  wholesale 16  @      16i 

Fire  Box  Sheets 23  'efl      25 

Lead— Pig 43@       5 

Bar b  &       5i 

Sheet 7  @     — 

Pipe 6  @      — 

Shot,  discount  10%  on  500  bags     Drop,  ^  bag.  1  ^5  w      — 

Buok.^bag ; 1  75  @      — 

Chilled,  do 1  95  @     — 

TiNPLATE— B.  v.,  steel  grade,  14x20,  to  arrive.      —  ca     — 

B.  v.,  steel  grade,  14x30,  spot 4  75  @      — 

Charcoal.  14x20 6  75  (ot  7  00 

do  roofing,  14x20 6  00  {»      — 

do,do,20x28 12  00  @      — 

Pig  tin,  spot,  ^  lb 21  (S      21.1 

OoKE-Eng,,  ton,  spot,  m  blk 13  50  (« 14  50 

Do,  do,  to  load 12  00  @13  50 

QuiOKSiLVEB— By  the  flask. 56  00  (a57  00 

Flasks,  new @     — 

Flasks,  old   3=i"*a 

Chrome  Iron  Ore,  ^  ton 10  ^0® 

Ikon  -Ear,  base 3  @       34 

Norway,  base 431^       5| 

Stbbl— English,  tb 16  M»     20 

Oanton  tool 9  (^       9 

Black  Diamond  tool 9  @       9 

Pick  and  Hammer 8  @      10 

Machinery 4@       5 

Toe  Calk 41®       — 

Spot,  To  Load. 

[RON— Glengarnook  ton 35  00  @ 34  @  - 

Egllnton,  ton 35  00  @ 32ira — 

American  Soft,  No,  1,  ton.. @35  00  32i@  — 

Oregon  Pig,  ton @35  00  —  @  — 

Puget  Sound 35  00  @ —  @  — 

Clay  Lane  White ^2    00  27  @  — 

Shotts,  No.  1 35  00  (335  00  32i@  - 

Bar  Iron  (base  price)  ^fi)...      —  @      _  -  @  — 

Langloan  35  00  @ 34  @  _ 

ThorneUffe 35  00  @ 34  ^  _ 

Gartsherrie 35  00  &> 34  (3  — 

Barrow 35  00  @ 34  @  — 

Thomas 35  00  @ _  @  _ 

Cargofleet 32  50  @ 32i  @  - 


Table  of  Lowest  and  Highest  Sales  In 
S.F.  Slock  Exchange. 


Coal. 


TO   LOAI> 

Per  Ton.  I 

Australian...     7  25  @  7  60|LehighLump.. ^. 

Liverpool  St'm    8  00  @ Cumberland  bk  16  6o@ 

Scotch  Splint.    8  00  @  9  00  Egg:,  hard 16  00@. 

Oardifl 8  BO  @— 

SPOT    FROM   YARD. 


Per  Ton. 
16  60@17  00 


Wellington $  9  00 

Greta    S  00 

WeetminBterBrymbo.    9  00 

Nanaimo 9  00 

Sydney 8  00 

Oilman 7  00 


Seattle 7  00 

Coos  Bay 6  00 

Cannel 12  00 

Egg,  hard 17  00 

Cumberland,  in  sacks  15  00 
do.  bulk 14  00 


CAN-\DIAN   ANTHRACITE   COAL. 

Egg,  ship  side S12  OOlStovp,  yard $15  00 

Egg,  yard 15  OOlNut,  yard 1.5  00 


Complimentary  Samples, 

PerBOQS  reoelTing  this  paper  marked  are  re 
qnested  to  examine  its  contents,  term  of  snb* 
soription,  and  give  It  tlieir  own  patronage,  and 
as  far  as  praotioabie,  aid  in  oiroulating  the 
journal,  and  making  its  valne  more  widely 
known  to  others,  and  extending  its  inflnence  in 
the  cause  it  faithfully  serves.  Subscription 
rate,  $3  a  year.  Extra  copies  mailed  for  10 
cents,  if  ordered  soon  enongh.  If  already  > 
aabsoriber,  please  show  the  paper  to  others. 


Alpha , 

Alta 

Andes 

Belcher 

Best  &  Belcher... 

Bullion 

Bodie  Con 

Bulwer 

Commonwealth  . . 
Con.  Va.  &Cal... 

Challenge 

Chollar 

Conhdeuce 

Con.  Imperial. . . , 

Caledonia.. 

Grown  Point 

Crocker 

Del  Moute 

EureRa  Cod 

Exchequer 

Grand  Prize 

Oould  &  Curry. , , 
Hale  &  NorcroBB. 

JuUa 

Juatice 

Kentuck 

Lady  Wash 

Mono 

Uexican 

Navajo 

North  Belle  Isle... 

Nev.  Queen 

Occidental 

Ophir 

Overman 

PotOBl 

PeerleBS 

Peer 


S.B.JiM 

Sierra  Nevada. . 

Silver  Hill 

Scorpion 

(Jnion  Con 

Utali 

Vellow  Jacket.. 


Week 
Ending 
May  8. 


I  00  1.30 

1.10  1.15 

.35  .40 

2.10  2.30 

2.85  3.15 

1.05  1.15 

.70  .75 

26 

4.00 

4.25  4.70 

2.15  2.30 

2.60  3.05 

4.60  4.90 
3 

45  .65 

2.45  2," 

30  . 

80  1.00 

4.50  5.00 

,65  .70 

,60 

1.60  1.70 
1.90 

.25 
1  40 

.65 


.86 
.35 
40 

2  95  3,25 

.25 

.90  1.25 

.65 

1.1J5  1.10 

3.60  3, 

2  10  2.95 

2.75  3.25 

30 

25  .45 

1.66  1.90 

1. 36  1.60 

2.15  2.30 

.25 


36    2.60 

85       .95 

2.50    2.66 


Ending 
May  16. 


1.10  1.26 

1.10  1.2u 

.30  .60 

1.60  2.10 

2. 66  3.15 

1.05  1.20 

.55  .60 


3.26  4.40 

4.10  4.45 

1.25  2.05 

2.66  2, 

3.10  5.00 

30  .40 

40  .60 

1.76  2.45 

...  .25 

...  .75 

...  4.50 

.50  .60 


.40 


.50 


1.311  1.65 

1.86  2.40 

25 

1.40  1.50 

66  .76 
30 
,25 

2.60  3.25 
.26 

.90  1.20 

.66  70 

.85  1.16 

1.70  4.00 

2.06  2.3 

2.75  3.10 

26 

20 

1.60  1.85 

1.10  1.35 

2.25  2.65 

.20  .30 

.15  .23 

2.05  2.45 

.65  .90 

1  95  2.60 


Week 
Ending 
May  22. 


1,06  1.36 

1.05  1.15 

.45  .70 

1.60  2.06 

2.35  2  81] 

.95  1.35 

.50  .70 


3  70  4.35 

4  00  4.66 
1.30  1,95 
2.40  3.20 
3.01)  5.60 

25  .41 

35  .4' 

1.66  2.35 

.20  .20 

.85  1.10 

4.15  4.26 

45 

-45 

1,15  1.50 

2.10  2.60 

15  .25 

1.35  1.45 

60  .80 

"  30 


.35 


.36 


2.E0  3.00 

40  .45 

1.20  1.30 

./  .70 

1.00  .... 

3.50  4.0ti 

2.05  2.70 

2.65  4.40 

20  .25 


2.05    2.56 

,70 
1.95    3.16 


Week 
Ending 
May  29. 


1.25  1.36 

1.10  1.20 

.76  .90 

1.90  2.00 

2.80  3.1' 

1.30  2.10 

.60  .66 


3  61  3  75 
4.36  4.66 
1.85  2.36 
3,20  3.75 
5.26 


.35 


.45 


2  20  2.60 

.26  .30 

1.15  1.50 

4.60  .... 

.66  .76 

.45  .... 

1.46 

2.65 
25 


1.5.'^ 
2.76 
.35 
1.35    1.40 
.76      .95 
.25 
.35 
3.05    3.45 


fimm^\  flotice?. 


ACME  MILL  ANB  MINING  COMPANY; 
locatioD  of  principal  place  of  business,  San  Fran- 
ciBco,  California.  Location  of  Works,  Amador  Couoty, 
California. 

Notice  is  hereby  given,  that  at  a  meeting  of  the  Board 
of  Directors,  held  on  the  20th  day  of  March,  1890,  aa 
alseB9men^,  No,  10,  of  icente  per  share,  was  levied  upon 
the  Capital  Stotk  of  the  Corporation,  pajable  immedi- 
ately in  United  States  Gold  Coiu  to  the  Secretary,  at  the 
office  of  the  Company,  Room  11,  No.  303  Calilornfa 
Street,  Sao  Francisco,  California. 

Any  stock  upon  which  this  asseosment  fhall  remaiD 
unpiid  OD  the  15th  day  of  May,  1890,  will  be  delinquent, 
and  advertised  for  pale  at  public  auction;  and  unless 
payment  is  made  bef  >re,  will  be  eold  on  MONDAY,  the 
9th  day  of  June,  ItSO,  to  pay  the  delinquent  aeseesment, 
to^i^ether  with  the  cosCb  of  advertiaint;  and  expenses  of 
sale. 

By  order  of  the  Board  of  Directors. 

J.  U.  BUFFINQTON,  Secretary. 
oai:e.  Boom  11,  No.  803  California  Street,  San  Francisco, 

California. 


The  delinquent  day  of  th-i  above  assessment  is  hereby 
"POSTPONED  to  Juno  2,  1890,  and  the  day  of  sale  to 
MONDAY,  June  23, 1890. 

By  order  of  the  Board  of  Directors. 

J.  M.  BUFFINGTON,  Secretary. 

San  Franoiseo,  May  15, 1890. 


GRAY  EAGLE  MINING  COMPANY.  Loca- 
tion  of  piincipal  pUce  of  hnsiness,  San  Franciico, 
California.  Location  of  Works,  Placer  county,  California- 
Notice  is  hereby  given,  that  at  a  meeting  of  the  Boaid 
of  Directors,  held  on  the  let  day  of  May,  1S90,  an  assess- 
ment, No.  17,  of  hve  (5)  cents  per  share,  was  levied  upon 
the  Capital  Stock  i<f  the  Corporation,  payable  im> 
mfdiately  in  United  States  Gold  Coin  to  the  Secretary, 
at  the  othce  of  the  Company,  Room  11^  No.  303  California 
strett,  San  Francisco,  California. 

Any  stock  upon  which  this  assessment  shall  remain 
unpaid  on  the  10th  day  of  June,  1890,  will  be  delinquent, 
and  advertised  for  sale  at  public  auction;  and  unless 
payment  I-*  made  before,  will  be  sold  on  MONDAY,  the 
30th  day  of  June,  1890.  to  pay  the  delinquent  as  espmeut, 
together  with  the  coat?  of  advertising  and  expenses  of 
eale. 
By  order  of  the  B^ard  of  Directors. 

J,  U.  BrFFiNGTON,  Secretary. 
Office,  Room  11,  No.  303  California  Street,  San  Fran- 
cisco, California. 


DELINQUENT    SALE    NOTICE. 


,20  1.30 

65  .... 

l.eo  1.10 

4.05  4.75 

2.25  a  45 

4.50  6.37 

25  .30 

3)  .40 

85  1.95 

1.20  1  35 

1,85  2.00 

.40  .50 

2^55  2!86 

,80  .85 

2  75  3.]„ 


Sales  at  San  Francisco  Stock  Exchange. 


Thursday,  May  29, 9;: 
1475  Alpha. 


150  Anaea 85c 

200  Baltimore 3dc 

250  Belcher 2.15 

90  B.  a  Belcher 2.95 

100  Bodie 60c 

100  Bonanza 25c 

1950  BulUon 2.35 

350  ChaUenee 2.35 

755  Chollar 3.65 

40  Confidence 5.75 

50  Commonwealth 3.75 

1000  Con.  ImperiaL 4'c 

10  Con.  Cal.  &Va 4  40 

350  Crown  Point 2  60 

700  Eschequer 90c 


B  A.  M.l  400  Gould  &Carrr 1.80 

.,1  45l  ICO  Grand  Prize 45c 

150  Hale&  Nor 2.70 

300  .Julia 3Ec 

300  Justice., 1.45 

100  Locomotive 05c 

150  KentucK 1.00 

100  Mexican 3.£0 

285  Occidental 1.35 

200  Ophir 4.60 

8."0  Overman 2.45 

575  PotOBi 6.25 

450  Savage 2  00 

630  S.  B.  &  M 1.40 

3110  Union 2  65 

150  Utah 85c 

350  Yellow  Jacket 3.05 


GOLD  HILL  MINING  COMPANY— LOCA- 
tion  ot  principal  place  of  busin'ss,  San  Francisco, 
California.  Location  of  works.  Grass  Valley,  Nevada 
County,  California. 

Notice— Thai e  are  delinquent  upon  the  following  de- 
scribed stock,  on  account  of  Atsessment  (No.  9)  levied 
on  thti  17lh  day  of  April,  1890,  the  seveial  amounts  set 
oppoi'ite  the  namej  of  the  respective  shareholders,  as 
fo.l  -wa: 

Nj. 
Names.  Cett. 

Rree,  William 141 

Br  e,  William 264 

Bailey,  Mrs  CE 198 

Bailey,  Mrs  CE 199 

Bai'ey,  Mrs  C  E 2CS 

Bailev,  Mrs  C  E 252 

Cohen,  Henry 142 

Cohen,  Henrv 288 

Green,  L  P,  Tr 377 

Hvman,  M 378 

Hill,  Geo  W,Tr 351 

HiIl.Geo  W,  Tr 379 

Jae  ba,  E,  Tr 220 

Jacobs,  E,  Tr 221 

Jacobp,  E,  Tr 222 

Jacobs,  E  Tr 273 

Kitto,  W  H 65 

Kitto,  WH 279 

Levy,  Morris 198 

Levy,  Morris 299 

Mver,  Roshen 297 

Killey,  John 202 

Riliey,  John 292 

And  in  accordance  with  law,  and  an  order  of  the  Board 
of  Directors,  made  on  thd  17th   day  of  April,  1890, 
many  shares  of  each   parcel  of  such   stock  as  mty  bo  i 
necessary  will  he  eold  at  public  auction,   at  the  ctflce  of  | 
the  Company,  Room  20,  Phelan  Building,  San  Francisco, 
California,  on  TUESDAY,  the  10th  day  of  June,  1890,  at  \ 
the  hour  of  2  o'clock  p.  m.  of  said  day,  to  pay  said  delin- 
quent asiessmect  thereon,  together  with  costs  of  adver- 
tising and  expenses  of  sale. 

C   A   CROW,  Secretary. 
Office,  Room  20,  Fhtlan  Building,  San  Frincisco,  Cali- 
fornia. 


Sh'  re3. 

A  rat. 

225 

?66  26 

81 

20  26 

260 

62  60 

260 

62  60 

200 

60  00 

262 

03  00 

60 

li  60 

18 

4  60 

336 

83  75 

24 

0  00 

2110 

60  CO 

32 

8  00 

300 

76  00 

100 

26  00 

100 

26  00 

180 

46  00 

50 

12  50 

18 

4  50 

100 

26  00 

30 

8  00 

231 

67  75 

60 

12  60 

18 

4  50 

xji-vudeistod  jstoticb. 


Don't  Fail  to  Write, 

Should  this  paper  be  received  by  any  subscriber  who 
does  not  want  it,  or  beyond  tM  time  hi  intends  to  pau 
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postal  card  (costing  one  cent  only)  will  b  ftice.  We  will 
not  knomugly  send,  the  paper  to  aoy  one  who  does  not 
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AT  THE  LABEL  ON  YuCR  PAPER. 


A  Gold  Nugget,  weighing  37  ounoee  and 
worth  $700,  has  been  found  in  the  B  g- 
Bag  minlag  diatriot,  Arizona,  and  is  on  exhibi- 
tion at  PreBoott. 


Onr  Agents. 

Our  Fribnds  can  do  much  in  aid  of  onr  paper  and  the 
cause  of  practical  knowledge  and  science,  oy  assisting 
Agents  in  their  labors  of  canvassing,  by  lending  their  in- 
fluence and  encouragrlng  favors.  We  intend  to  send  none 
out  worthy  men. 

J.  0.  HoAQ — San  Francisco. 

R.  G.  Bailbt— San  Francisco. 

Samuel  Cliff— San  Luis  Obispo  Co. 

C.  J.  Wadb— Cucamongo,  Cal. 

W.  W.  Theobalds— Los  Angeles  and  Orange  Go's, 

E.  B,  Taft— San  Joaquin  Co 

John  B.  Hill— San  Diego  Co. 

E,  H.  SoHAKFPLB — Calaveras  Co. 

Frank  S.  Chapih — Colusa  Co. 

J  HN  R.  BoTCB — Alameda  Co. 

W.  B,  Frost — Merced  and  Stanislaus  Go's. 

Gbo.  Wilbom — Sacramento  Co. 

T  M.  Stackds— Sierra  Co. 

H.  Kbllby — Uodoc  Co. 

H.  B.  Parrbr— Del  Norte  Co. 

Wm.  H.  Hillbary — Oregon. 

H.  G.  Parsons- Oregon. 

R.  G.  Huston- Montana. 


TO    CHEMISTS. 

A  man  with  some  knowledge  of  chemistry  wishes  em- 
plojment  In  a  laboratory,  refinery,  assayer'a  office  or 
other  place  of  thit  character.  Has  a  good  microecopo 
Would  bd  a  valuable  assistant  in  a  patent  medicine  manu- 
factorv.    Addrees  A.  B.  C,  2133  Elm  Street,  Oakland. 


OFFICE  OF  THE  PACIFIC  BOB  \X,  SALT 
and  Soda  Company,  San  Francisco,  May  29,  1S90. 
At  a  meeting  of  the  Board  ot  Directors  ot  the  above- 
named  Company,  held  this  day,  a  Dividend  (Wo,  32)  of 
One  Dollar  (Sl.OO)  per  share  was  declared,  payable 
TUESDAV,  June  10, 1890,  at  the  office  of  the  Company, 
No.  230  MontKomery  -treet,  Rooms  11  and  12.  Transfer 
Books  close  June  6,  1S90,  at  3  o'clock  p.  m. 

ALTON  H.  CLOUQH,  Secretary. 


WM.  H.  OONLY. 

Agent  and    Company   Piomoter, 

Land  and  Mining  Properties  a  Specialty. 

124  SANSOMB  STBEET,  Booms  21  and  22, 

Telephone  No.  5057.  SAN  FRANCISCO. 


Smelter  For  Sale  or  Exchange. 

One  60-ton.  wrought  iron,  water-jacket  Smelting  Fur- 
nace (36"x00"  at  the  tuyeres)  ot  the  latest  design,  \\'i;h 
Crusher,  Bluwer,  Boiler,  Pumps,  Engines,  Tools,  and 
everything  complete  for  immediate  delivery,  and  only 
used  about  six  months.  Cheap  for  cash,  or  will  exchange 
for  interest  in  a  Lead>Silver  Mine,  or  erect  in  any  mining 
camp  that  will  guarantee  a  certain  output.  For  further 
particulars  address  Box  2S.  Rlkhom,  Montana. 


T^OR    SALE- 


AN  ONYX   MINE    IN   SAN 
Bernardino  County,   onlj    about   three  miles  fr^m 
Railroad.     Down  grade  from  mine  to  the  road.    Price, 
J5000,  NOLAN  &  SMITH, 

34  North  Spring  Street,  Los  Angeles,  Ca!. 


A  MIDDLE-AGED  MAN  BY  THE  NAME  OF  JOSEPH 
McLEARN,  Miner,  left  Nova  Scotia  17  years  ago  for 
California.  His  friends  would  be  thankful  to  any  person 
who  could  give  any  information  concerning  his  where- 
abouts. 


May  31.  1890] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


S73 


Dewey  &  Co.'s  Scientific  Press 
Patent  Agency. 


Oru  U.  S.  AND  Foreign  Patent  Aoency 
preseDts  many  and  important  advantages  as  a 
Home  Agency  over  all  othere,  by  reason  of  long 
eatabliahment,  great  experience,  thorongh  sya- 
tem,  intimate  acquaintance  with  theeubjeots  of 
inventione  in  our  own  community,  and  our 
most  estensive  law  and  reference  library,  con- 
taininK  official  American  and  foreign  reports, 
files  of  Bcientifio  and  mechanical  publications, 
etc.  All  worthy  inventions  patented  through 
oar  Agency  will  have  the  benefit  of  an  illustra- 
tion or  a  description  in  the  Mining  and  Scien- 
tific Pbess.  We  transact  every  branch  of 
Patent  business,  and  obtain  Patents  to  all  coun- 
tries which  grant  protection  to  inventors.  The 
large  majority  of  U.  S.  and  Foreign  Patents 
issoed  to  inventors  on  the  Pacific  Ooaet  have 
been  obtained  through  our  Agency,  We  can 
give  the  best  and  most  reliable  advice  as  to  the 
patentability  of  new  inventions.  Our  prices 
are  as  low  as  any  first-class  agencies  in  the 
Eastern  States,  while  our  advantages  for  Pacific 
Coast  inventors  are  far  superior.  Advice  and 
Oiroolars  free. 

DEWEY  &  CO.,  Patent  Agents, 

220  Market  St.,  Elevator,  12  Front  St.,  S.  F 
Telephone  No.  658, 

a.  t.  dewey.       w,  b,  ewer.      geo.  h.  strong, 


BALDT^IN  LOCOMOTIVE  WORKS. 


ANNUAL  OAPAOITY  800.        ESTABLISHED  1831. 


LOCOMOTIVE   ENGINES! 

Adapted  to  every  variety  of  service,  and  built  accurately  in  standard  gauges  and  templates.    Like  parts 

ofditVc'ent  eiigineiiof  same  class  perfi-cily  iutcrchanseaole. 

Broiiil  ftutl  Narrow  GaaRe  I.ocomoiive>-.  Mine  Loc-n motives  by  Steam  or  Coiupreesed  Air,  PlantJUion 
LocumoiivfM,  Noi^ek-ss  .Motors  for  Street  Ksilways,  Furnat-e  Locomotives,  etc.  __ 

BURNHAM.    PARRY.    WILLIAMS    &    CO.,    PROPRIETORS.    PHILADELPHIaT  PA. 


Books  on  Assaying. 

By  C.  H.  AARON. 
Part  I.— Gold  and  Silver  Ores.— Price  $1 

Second  Edition. 

Thifl  work  ia  written  by  an  experienced  metallurgist 
who  ba3  devoted  many  years  to  assaying  and  working  pre- 
cious ores  on  the  Pacific  aide  of  the  American  Continent. 
He  writes  whereof  he  knows  from  personal  practice,  and  in 
Buch  plain  and  comprehensive  terms  that  neither  the  scientist 
nor  the  practical  miner  can  mistake  hie  meaning. 

The  work,  like  Mr.  Aaron's  former  publications  ("Testing 
aod  Working  Silver  Ores,"  "Leaching  Gold  and  Silver 
Oie<'\  that  have  been  "auccessfuUy  pD:.iular"  is  written  in  a 
condensed  form,  which  renders  his  information  more  readily 
available  than  that  of  more  wordy  and  Ics  coDsoientiouB 
writers.  The  want  of  such  a  work  has  long  been  felt.  It 
will  be  very  deairable  in  the  hands  of  many. 

Table  of  Contents; 

Preface;  Introduction;  ImplementB;  Assay  Balance;  Ma 
terlals;  The  Assay  Otlice;  Preparation  of  the  Ore;  Weighiog 
the  Charge;  Mi.\iug  and  Charging;  Assay  Litharge;  Systems 
of  the  Crucible  Assay;  Preliminary  Assay;  Dressing  the 
Crucible  Assays;  Examples  of  Dreasing;  The  Melting  in 
Crucibles;  Scorification;  Cupellation;  Weighing  the  Bead; 
Parting;  Calculating  the  Assay;  Assay  of  Ore  Containing 
Coarrie  Metal;  Assay  of  Roasted  Ore  for  SolubiliW;  To 
Assay  a  Cupel;  AssaybyAmalgaraation;  To  Find  the  Value 
of  a  Specimen;  Tests  for  Ores;  A  Few  Special  Minerals; 
Solubility  of  Metals;  Substitutes  and  Expedients;  Assay 

Tables.  .     ,. 

The  volume  embraces  130  12mo.  pages,  with  illustrations 

well  hound  in  cloth;  1889.    Price,   SI,    poatpaid.    Sold  b 

Dewkv  &  Co..  Publishers,    No.    220    Market    BtTtet,  San 

Francisco 

Parts  II  and  III. 

Lead,  Copper,  Tin,  Mercury,  etc. 

Price  $1.75. 

This  book  ia  entitled  "Assaying— Parts  II  and  III,"  and  is 
aeparat©  from  Part  I.  and  treats  of  Gold  and  Silver  Bullion, 
Lead,  Copper,  Tin,  Mercury,  Zinc.  Nickel,  Cobalt,  etc. 

Table  of  Contents: 

Gold  and  Silver  BulUon;  Apparatus;  Melting  Bullion; 
Assaying  Bullion;  Humid  Assay  of  Silver;  Manip- 
ulation, etc.;  Lead  Ores;  Copper  Ores;  Volumetric 
Assays;  Parkes'  Process;  Amalgamation;  New  Pro- 
cess- Preparation  of  Potassium  Zanthat:-;  Electrolytic 
Determination  of  Copper  in  Ores,  etc.;  Assaying  of  Tin 
Ores;  Assaying  of  Mercury  Ores;  Assaying  of  Zinc  Ores; 
AesayiugoEZinc  Ores,  New  Method;  New  Aaaay  of  Nickel 
and  Cobalt;  Assay  of  Chromium;  Assay  of  Bismuth;  Assay 
of  Arsenic;  Assay  of  Antimony;  Assay  of  Sulphur;  Assay  of 
Salt;  Appendix  to  Part  I;  Notes  on  Crucible  Assays;  Weigh- 
ing by  Oscillationa;  Appendix  to  Part  111;  The  Assay  of 
Lead;  The  Assay  of  Copper.  .        .    .,        , 

There  are  160  12mo.  pages  with  illustrations  in  the  volume 
which  is  bound  strongly  in  cloth.  Price  poatpaid.  *1.75 
Sold  by  Dewey  &  Co.   Publishers.  No.  220  Market  St..  S.  F 

AMERICAN   MINING   AND  STOCK  CODE 

"KELLOGRAPH." 

iDdlspeDsable  to  tlie  Mining  Profession  and 
Useful  in  all  Business  Transactions. 
A  Complete  SvBtem  o(  Transmitting  Telegrapiiic  Mes- 
sages by  Code  Cipher  Words  in  a  LeRible,  Secret  and 
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OVER   35,000   WORDS  AND  SENTENCES 

Subject  to  tranem'BsioD  undpr  infinite  complication  by 
the  use  of  over  70,000  code  words. 

No  ranger  of  publ-city  in  teleffraphing  matters  con- 
cernine  operation  or  sale  rf  mining  property.  The  work 
strictly  alphfibelical  and  claesified.  The  handiest  work 
ever  published  for  m.ning  operatorg.  .  .     ,      .      i, 

PRICE,  S6.     Forwarded  posti  aid  on  receipt  of  price  by 

DEWEY  &  CO., 

220  MARKET  STREET.  SAN  FRANCISCO. 


,  are  requested  to  be  sure  and  notify  ua 
I  when  this  paper  ia  not  taken  fiom 
'  their  office.     If  not  stopped   promptly 

through  DTersight  or  other   mishap),   do  ua   the   favor    to 

write  ajmbt. 


Postmasters 


THE    ATLAS 'OEE    CAR. 


B.  JARDINE, 

General  Manager, 

Cor.  Napa  and  Louisiana  Sts., 
POIRERO, 

Maoufacturers  and  BuildciB  o 
all  kinds  of 

Mill  &  Mining  Machinery, 

Indicators,  Steam  Engines,  Steam  B  ilers, 
Water  Wheels,  Hoisting'  Engines,  Uolstintc 
Work'.  HniatlDC  Derricit',  Boom  Derrd  ks, 
Coal  WinchsB,  Hoists  and  Elevators.  Oredg- 
ere,  Excavators  and  Ditching  Macbints. 

rr'^~^       Th's  car  is  lined  with  steel,  and  will  dump 
right  or  left.     Has  ateei  axles. 

CONTRACTORy'MACHINERY 

A  Specialty. 


SAN  FRANCISCO  TOOL  CO., 

MANUFAOTDHBRS    OF 

IRRIGATING  PUMPS 

AKD 

Machinery  of  all  Kinds. 

PACIFIC  COAST  AGENTS 

BABOOOK    &    WILOOX 

Patent  Water  Tube  Steam  Boilers. 


Estimates  Famished  on  AppUoatlon. 


r  Send  for  Gataloguea. 


OBNTRIFtTOAI.    PUiWP. 


FIRST  and  STEVENSON  STS..  S.  F 


HOSKINS'  PATENT  BLOW-PIPE  AND  ASSAY  FURNACES. 


ChemiEts,  Assay ers,  Metallurgists,  En- 
gineers, Jewelers,  Dentists,  Etc. 


NO   DUST !     NO   ASHES ! 


will  do  fir  every  th\ng  that  a  Coal  Furnace  or  Gas 
Furnace  will,  and  WIIHOUT  A  BLOWER. 


Send  for  Price  List  and  Descriptive  Circular  to 

WM.  HOSKINS  &  CO.,  ai  s^SS^R^i^aT.,  OHIOAGO,  ILL. 


HOISTING  ENGINES  FOR  MINES 


1,2,  or  4  Drums,  with  Reversible  Link 
Motion  or  Pat.  Improved  Friction. 


MADK  ONLY   BT  TIIB 


?^«sllii#*5 


LIDGERWOOD  NI'F'G  CO., 

96  Liberty  St.,  New  York. 

34  and  36  West  Monroe  St.,  Chicago. 

197  to  203  Congress  St.,  Boston. 

PAOIFIO    COAST    AGENTS, 

PARKE  &  LACY  CO.,  San  Francisco. 

Send  for  Gatnlogae. 


Daj's  Improved  Qaartz  Stamp  Mill. 

This  Mill  is  designed  for  the  Prospector,  the  As.sayer  and 
Pampler  of  Gold  and  Silver-bearing  rock.  It  is  a  petfect  mill, 
built  entirely  of  metals,  and  of  the  best  mechatiical  construc- 
tion; will  amalgamate  perfectly  in  the  battery  or  on  plates. 
It  strikes  a  sharp,  heavy  bloiv  wilh  a  light  stamp.  Shipping 
weight,  225  lbs.    Price  S75.    Address 

ATLAS    IROM    WORKS,   Cor.  >apa   and  Loni^iana 
Stret'tB,  Polrero,  .SAN    FRANCISCO,  CAL. 

N.  B.— Qhappakbi,!,.  BiittB  Co..  Cal.,  Nov  10,  18E9.— Mr.  .'a's. 
Day,  Chico:  The  little  mill  is  a  doisy:  It  comes  up  to  all  ex- 
pectations; it  works  perfect  in  all  respects.    Yours  truly, 

Wii.KER,  Reese  &  Co. 


PRACTICAL 

Books  on  Mining 

AND  IRRIGATION. 

Descriptive  Catnloifuc  and  Circulars  o(  Books  relating 
to  AssaylD),',  Mining,  Electricity  and  Mechanical  Eo(;[noer- 
ing,  t^ent  tree  on  application. 

E.  &  F.  N.  SPON,  Publishers. 

13  Cortlandt  St..  New  York. 


HORACE  D.  RANLETT, 

Ores,  Mining,  and  Commission, 

420  MoutKomery  St.,  S-  F. 

Ships  under  advances  to  ptneltlng  worka  lu  Boston, 
New  York,  Bultimf^re  and  Liverpool. 

Twenty-one  years'  experience  in  Shipping  Ores  and 
Managing  Mines. 

Solicits  Coueignments  of  Copper  Produce  and  Manage- 
ment of  Min'ng  Matters. 

All  busineea  conducted  on  Cash  Ba«i8. 

Purchase  and  shipment  of  Mining  Supplies  A  Spbcialtt. 

Sales  o(  Developed  Copper  Mines  undertaken. 

Business  Manager  of  UNION  COPPER  MINE,  Copper- 
opolis,  Cal.;  NEWTON  COPPER  MINE,  Amador  Co.,  Cal. 


x*oxi.  js-^SlILix:. 


A  WELL   DEVELOPED   CEMENT 
GRAVEL  MINE 

In  Placer  County,  three  miles  from  C.  P.  Railroad;  with 
steam  hoisting  and  pumpUg  plant,  together  with  a  10- 
stamp  mi",  Pelton  wheel,  pipes,  black  mith  thop,  tools, 
cars  acd  rank,  all  in  good  running  order.  Including  480 
acres  of  land,  of  which  80  acres  or  more  are  well  adapted 
to  oran«re  culture.  The  balance  Is  timber  land  and 
pasture,'  suitable  for  grapevines  aod  olives.  Improve- 
ments consist  of  atone  house  of  eight  rooms,  ditto  barn, 
offl  re,  several  frame  houses,  sma'l  orchard  and  vineyard. 
Price,  including  everythine  on  the  place,  wagons,  tools, 
aofo,  etc..  e33,ouo,  ot  Which  half  cash,  balance  at  7%. 
Title  U.  S.  Patent.  Immediate  possession  given.  This 
is  a  rare  oppoitunity  for  minera  and  ho  ticulturists. 
For  particulars  apply  to  T.  G.  E.  WOLLEB,  Jiasl 
Oakland,  Ca 

Paul's  Dry  Amalgamating  Barrel  Process. 

The  undersigned  is  prepared  to  erect,  or  furnish  drafts 
for  treating,  machinery,  also  instructions  for  working 
ores  by  the  new  patented  DRY  AMALGAMATING 
BARREL  PROC?S:i.  I  assett  the  ability  to  overcome 
EVERY  difficulty  connected  with  amalgamating  the 
precious  meta'a,  more  especially  gold,  and  to  add  from 
25  to  100  per  cent  to  the  FREE  GOLD  yield  of  any  mill 
working  WET.  Being  the  original  inventor  of  dry  amal- 
gamation, I  have  spent  over  20  years  perfecting  the  sys- 
tem, now  brought  to  a  wonderfully  efficient,  inexpeneivo 
and  practical  one.  I  caution  all  parties  against  infringe- 
ments.   For  further  particulars,  address 

ALMARIN  B.  PAUL. 
Middle  Creek  P.  0.,  Shasta  County,  California. 


H.  EVANS    &  CO. 

(Successors  to  THOMSON  &  EVANS), 

110  and   lia   Beale   Street,  S.  P. 

MACHINE  WORKS, 
I  Steam  Pumps,  Steam  Engines 

and  all  Muds  of  MACHINERY, 

a 


FRANCIS  SMITH  &  CO. 

Manufacturers  of 

Sheet  Iron  and  Steel 


ALL    SIZES. 

130  Beale  Street.         San  Francisco,  Cal 


Iron  cut,  punched  and  formed,  for  making  pipe  on 
ground.  All  kinds  of  Tools  supplied  for  making  Pipe. 
EstimotPB  given.  Are  prepared  for  coating  all  sizes  of 
Pipe  with  a.  composition  of  Coal  Tar  and  Asphaltum. 


INVENTORS,      TAKE       NOTICE  I 

L.  petersonTmodel  maker, 

258  Market  St.,  N.  E.  cor.  Front  (up  stairs),  San   Francslco 
Experimbbtal  machinery  and  all  kinds  of  models,  Tin 
and  brasswork.    All  communicationB  strictly  confiden- 
tial. 


374 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Mat  31,  1890 


Fo^mded  hy  ifatheiu  Carcii,  1785. 

HENRY  CAREY  BAIRD  &  CO., 

iDdustrlal     Publishers,     Booksellers     and 
ImoorLers, 

S  1  0  Walnut  St.,  PhUadelpIiia,  Va„  U,  S.  A. 

*«•  Oar  new  and  llevised  Catalogue  of  Practical  and 
Soiontillc  Books,  S4  p»g<-8,  Svo.,  and  our  other  Catalogues 
and  Circulars,  the  whole  covering  every  hranch  of 
Science  applied  to  the  arts,  sent  free  and  free  of  postage 
to  any  one  in  any  part  of  the  world  who  will  furnish  his 
address. 


PACIFIC    ROLLING    MILL    CO., 


..UANUFAOTURBBS  OF., 


THE  ROLLER  ORE  FEEDER 


[Patented  May  28, 1882.] 


This  la  the  beat  and  cheapest  Ore  Feeder  now  in  use. 

It  ha3  (ewer  parts,  requires  less  power,  is  simpler  in 
adjustment  than  any  other.  Feeds  coarse  ore  or  soft  clay 
alike  uniformly,  under  one  or  all  the  stamps  in  a  battern 
as  required. 

In  the  Bunker  Hill  Mill  it  has  run  continuously  for  two 
years,  never  having'  been  out  of  order  or  oostiug  a  doUai 
for  repairs. 

Golden  State  and   Miners'  Iron  Works, 

Sole  Manufacturers. 
S37  First  Street.  San  Francisco.  Gal. 


UP   TO   20,000   LBS.    WEIGHT. 


True  to  pattern  and  superior  in  strength,  toughness  and  durability  to  Oaat  or  WrouBht 
Iron  In  any  position  or  for  any  service. 

GEARINGS,  SHOES,  DIES,  CAMS,  TAPPETS,  PISTON-HEADS,  RAILROAD  and  MA- 
CHINERY CASTINGS  of  Every  Description. 


HOMOGENEOUS  STEEL 


SOFT  and  DUCTILE, 

J        SUPERIOR  TO  IRON  FOR 
LOCOMOTIVE  AND  MARINE  FORCINGS. 

ALSO  Steel  Rods,  from  }  to  3  inch  diameter  and  Flats  Irom  1  to  8  Inch.  Angles,  Tees,  Channels  and  oHier  shape 
Steel  Wagon,  Buggj',  and  Truck  Tires,  Plow  Steel;  Machinery  and  Special  Shape  Steel  to  size  and  lengths 
STEEI.  BAII.S  Irom  12  to  46  pounds  per  yard.  ALSO,  Bailroad  and  Merchant  Iron,  Boiled 
Beams,  Angle,  Channel,  and  T  Iron,  Bridge  and  Machine  Bolts,  Lag  Screws,  Nuts,  Washers,  Ship  and  Boat 
Spikes;  Steamboat  Shafts,  Cranks,  Pistons,  Connecting  Rods,  etc  Car  and  Locomotive  Axles  and  Frames, 
and  Iron  Forglngs  of  all  kinds,  Iron  and  Steel  Bridge  and  Boot  Work  a  SpeoUlty. 

HIGHEST  PRICE  PAID  FOB  SCRAP  IBON  AND  STEEI.. 

t^  Orders  will  have  prompt  attention.    Send  for  Cataloguea    Address 

PACIFIC  ROIUKTG  MILI.  CO.,  202  Market  St.,  San  rranclsco. 


FULTON     IRON    WORKS, 

HINOKLEY.  SPIERS   &    HAYES,  Proprietors. 

[ESTABLISHED     IN     18B5.1 

0£B.oe,    aX3    Fx-exxi-oxit    St., 
t 


FOR  SALE  CHEAP. 


One  new  double  circular  Sawmill  to  carry  60-inch  bot- 
tom saw,  with  wrought-iron  hangers  for  top  saw.  Fric- 
tion teed-works^  patent  ateel  Bcrow  doubla-throw  head* 
blocks,  with  track  iron,  saw  carriage  and  (rame  complete. 

RISDON  IRON  &  LOCOMOTIVE  WORKS, 

San  FranclBCo,  Oal. 


One  Ohmen's   12x12  Automarlc  Enelne; 

best  style  in  usft  Also,  1  Boiler  48  in.  x  16  ft.  Both  nearly 
new.  Sold  separate  if  required.  J.  W.  QDXOK,  221 
First  St.,  (Top  Floor)  San  Francisco,  Oal. 


l!l*»ilM 


BUSINESS     OOLLBGE, 

24  POST  ST.,  8.  F. 

FOB  SEVENTY-FIVE  DOI.I.ABS  THie 
College  Instructs  In  Shorthand,  Type  Writing,  Book- 
keeping, Telegraphy,  Penmanship,  Drawing,  all  the  En- 
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iodividual  inetruotlon  to  all  our  pupils.  Otur  school  hae 
16b  graduates  in  every  part  of  the  State. 
MTSbni)  for  CmoniiAB. 

B.  P.  HEALD,  FreBldent. 
G.  a.  HAXiET,  Secrekary. 


THE    PIONEER    COMMEBCIAL    SCHOOI. 


lilFE  SCHOLARSHIPS,  875. 
No  Vacations.  Day  ahd  Evbninb  Sbbsiobs. 

Ladies  admitted  Into  all  Departments. 
Address:    T.  A.  ROBINSON,  M.  A..  President. 


School  of  Practical,  Civil,  Mechanical  and 
MINING  ENGINEERING, 

Surveying,  ArcUtectnre,  Drawing  anl  kmm 

723    MARKET   STREET, 

The  History  Building,  Sam  Frasoisco,  Cal 

A.  VAN  DER  NAILLEN,  President. 

Assaying  ot  Ores,  $26;  Bullion  and  Chlorination  Assay, 
¥25;  Blowpipe  Assay,  §10.    Full  course  of  assaying,  850. 

I^Send  for  circular. 


TUSTIN'S    PULVERIZER. 


— MANUFAOtttRBRS    OF— 

MARINE     ENGINES     AND     BOILERS.- 

Propeller  Engines,  either  High  Pressure  or  Compound, 
Stern  or  Side- wheel  Engines. 

MINING  MACHINERY.— Hoisting  Engines  and 
Works,  Cages,  Ore  Buckets,  Ore  Cars,  Pumping  Enghies 
and  Pumps,  Water  Buckets,  Pump  Colunms,  Air  Com- 
pressors, Air  Receivers,  Air  Pipes. 

MILL  MACHINERY.— Batteries  for  Dry  or  Wet 
Crushing,  Amalgamating  Pans,  Settlers,  Furnaces,  Re- 
torts, Concentrators,  Ore  Feeders,  Rock  Breakers,  Fur- 
naces for  Reducing  Ores,  Water  Jackets,  eto. 

MISCELLANEOUS  MACHINERY.— Flour 
Mill  Machinery,  Saw  Mill  Engines  and  Boilers,  Dredging 
Machinery,  Powder  Mill  Machinery,  Water  Wheels. 

Tustin's  Pulverizer 

WORKS  ORE  WET  OR  DRY. 


ENGINESiBOILERS 

OF    ALL    KINDS, 
Either  for  use  on  Steamboats  or  for  nae  on  Land. 

Water  Pipe,  Pomp  or  Air  Colnmiu,  Fish 
Tanks  for  Salmon  Canneries 

OF   BVBRT   DBSOalPTION. 

Boiler  Repairs  Promptly  attended  to  aod  at  v«ry  moderate  rates. 

AQBKT8  FOR  THB  PACIFIC  COAST  FOR  THR 

I>e^j3.e   SteciiaaL  I^ia.iaa.'^. 

SPECIALTIES : 

Corliss  Kngrlnes  and  Tnstln  Ore  Falverlzers.  DEANE    ST£!AM    PUMP. 

Agents  and  Manufacturers  of  the  Llewellyn  Feed  Water  Purifier  and  Heater. 


THE  GIANT  POWDER  COMPANY 

Manufaoture  Three  Kinds  of  Powder,  which  are  acknowledged  by  all  the  Great  Chemists  of  the  World  as 

The  Safest  and  Strongest  High  Explosives  in  the  Market. 

Of  Different  Strengths  ae  Required. 

NOBBL'S    EXPIiOSIVB     GKLATINB,*'   whioh  contains    94   per  cent  of  Nltro-Olyeerlne,  and 

GXXATINXl-DYNAMITt:,  Stronger  than  Dynamite  and  even  Safer  in  Handling. 

JUDSON  POWDER  IMPROVED. 

FOB  BAIXBOADS  AND  IjAND  CIiKABINO.  Is  from  three  to  four  times  stronger  than  ordinary  Blast- 
ing Powder,  and  is  used  hy  all  the  Kailroads  and  Gravel  Claims,  as  it  breaks  more  ground,  pulverizes  better  and 
eaves  time  and  money.    It  is  as  dry  as  the  ordinary  Blasting  Powder  and  runs  as  freely. 

BANDMANN,  NIELSEN  &  CO., 


OAFS  and  FUSB  for  Sale 


GENERAL  AGENTS.  SAN  FRANCISCO  CAL. 


OF 

ASSAYING    AND    CHEMISTRY, 

Rooms  46  &  47,         )  628  Montuomery  St. 

2a  Floor  Montgomery  Bl'k.  f         San  FranClSOO, 
Also,  Evening  Classes,  7  to  10  o'clock. 

JOHH  T.  EVANS,  M.  A.,  Principal. 


QUARTZ  SCREENS 


A  specialty.  Round,  slot 
or  burred  slot  holes.  Gen- 
uine Russia  Iron,  Homo- 
geneous Steel,  Cast  Steel  or 
American  planished  Iron, 
Zinc,  Copper  or  Braes  Screens  for  all  purposes.  Cali- 
fornia Perforating.  Screen  Co.,  145  &  147  Beale  St.,  S.  F. 


COAL  MINES  OF  THE  WESTERN  COAST. 

A  few  copies  of  this  work,  the  only  one  ever  published 
treating  of  Pacific  Coast  Coal  Mining,  have  been  ob- 
tained, and  are  for  sale  at  this  office  for  82.50  per  copy. 
It  was  written  by  W.  A.  Goodyear,  Mining  and  Civil 
Engineer,  formerly  of  the  California  State  Geological 
Survey, 


N.  W.  SPAULDINQ 
&.AJ\7Kr  oo3vi:r».A.Kr"3e" 

Manufaoturers  of 
SPAULDING'S 

Inserted  Tootb 

AND 

CHISEL    BIT 

CIRCCLAB 

Saws. 

SAW  MILLS   AND   MAOHINBBY 

01  all  kinds  made  to  order.    Bond  tor  DesorlptlTe  Cota 
loguO'    17  and  IS  Fremont  St..  Sun  Franolao* 


Irop  apd  jVlachipe  hh 


CALIFORNIA    MACHINE   WORKS, 
WM.  H.  BIRCH  &  CO., 

BNGINEKRS     AND     MACHINISTS. 


No.  119  Beale  St., 


San  FranclBco. 


BUlLDBRfl  OF 

Steam  Engines,  Saw  Mills,  Mining  Machinery,  Dredging 
Machines,  Rock  Crushers,  Cable  Railway  Machinery, 
Ellithorp  Air  Brake  Co.'s  Patent  Steam  and  Hydraulic 
Elevators,  Air  Cushions  and  Air  Brakes.  POSITIVE 
SAFETIES.  Improved  Ram  Elevators,  Sidewalk  and 
Hand  Hoists.  B.  E.  Henrickson's  Patent  Automatic 
Safety  Catches. 

Maclilaea  of  all  kinds  Made  and  Kepalred. 
Orders  Solicited. 


Golden  State  &  Miners  Iron  Works. 

Uacntlactiu'e  Iron  Oastlnga  and  Machinery 
of  all  Kinds  at  ereatly  Reduced  Bates. 

STEVENSON'S  PATENT 

Mold-Board  AMALQAMATOBS, 
Golden  State  Pressure  Blowers. 

9'lret  St.,  between  Howard  A  Foleom,  S.  F. 


rHOHAB  TBOHFSON 


TBOnNTON  THOHP80N 


THOMPSON    BROTHERS. 

EUREKA    FOUNDRY. 

129  and  181  Beale  St.,  between  Mission  and  Howard,  S.F 

HANUFA0TURBR8  OF  OAamiiaS  OF  ■VHHT  DMSORIPTIoN. 


Mining    Engineers. 


Bewick,  Moreing  &  Hooper, 

MINING  ENGINEERS, 

508  Oallfornla  Street,  San  Fracclsco,  Oal. 

Suffolk  House,  Laurence,  Pountney  Hill, 

LONDON,  K.  C. 

Leake's  Baildiugs,  Johannesburg, 

SOUTH  AFKIOA. 

Report  on  mines  and  undertake  mauBgemeDt  ol  mining 
properties. 


W.  A.  GOODYEAR. 

Oivil   and   Mininsr   Engineer, 

HININQ  EXPERT  AHD  QEOLOOIST. 
Address  "  Business  Box  A,"  office  of  this  paper,  San 
Francisco. 


BOSS   B.  BROWNE. 

Mining  and  Hydraulic  Engineer, 

No.  807  Sansohb  St.,  San  Frahoisoo. 


Tioga  District  Mining  Company, 

Incorporated  June  11, 1SS9.    Capital  Stock,  910,000,000. 

BUY  AND  SELL 

California  Gold,  811ver,  Quicksilver,  Copper 

and  Liead  Mines 

OF    ASCERTAINED    VALUE. 

Office,  No.  IS  PABBOTT'S  BUILDING,  N.  W. 

Corner  of  California  and  Montgomery  Streets, 

SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 

WM.  B.  WIQHTMAN,  Pros.      WM.  H.  V.  CEONISE,  Sec. 


GRANGER'S  ROLLER  STAMP  MILI 

Roats  them  all,  "Works  dry  ores.   Makes  eT  en  gran- 
ulation.   No  dead  work,  Iicnce  minimum  wear. 

A.  P.  GRA:SfGER.  Denver,  Colo. 


GRANGER'S  DRY  ORE  SEPARATOR 

The  verv  best.  Uses  no  water.  No  freezing-  np. 
Raves  haulins  waste.  Saves  high  percentage.  Send 
for  circulars. 

A.  P.  GRANGER,  Denver,  Colo. 

TUBBS  CORDAGE  CO. 

(A  Corporation.) 

Conetantly  on  hand  a  full  aasortment  of  Manila  Rope, 
Duplex  Rope,  Tarred  Manila  Rope,  Hay  Rope,  Whale  Line, 
etc,  etc. 

E^tra  BlzeB  and  lengths  made  to  order  on  short  notice. 

611  &  613  Front  St..  San  Francisco.  Cal. 


THE  RUSSELL  PROCESS. 

For  information  concernlnK  this  process  for  the  re- 
duction of  Ures  containing  precious  mjtals,  and  termi 
of  license,  apply  to 

THE     RUSSELL    PROCESS    CO., 
New  Haven,  Oonn. 

VAN   DUZEN'S 

STEAMjetPUMP 

For  MILLS,  FACTORIES,  SHOPS,  ETC. 

For  ElevaliiisT  nn<l  Conveying  l.i<iui«lM. 
For  Eiaptyinf;  l*itM.  Sinks,  Cetutpools,  et«., 

and  UH  i\  Fire  Pump. 
10  Siecs.  »7  to  ST5.  Every  Pump  warranted. 

Write  lor  Descriptive  Pump  Circufar,  V- 

VAN    DUZEN  &  TIFT.  CINCINNATI,  O. 


May  31,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


S75 


PROVED    BELT    FRUE   ORE  CONCENTRATOR. 


The  Best  Ore  Coooentrator  io  the  market,  bavtog  doable 
tbe  Capaoity  and  doing  ita  work  as  oloee  aa  the  plain  Bjlt 
machine,  while  ita  ooncentrationa  are  clean.  It  ia  ueod  in 
a  number  of  Mills,  the  moat  notable  of  which  ia  the 
Alaska  M.  &  M.  Co'a  Mill,  where  24  Improved  Belt  Frnea 
are  taking  the  Palp  from  120  Stamps,  ornehing  350  tons 
per  day,  and  ia  giving  entire  satisfaction  as  against  48 
plain  Belt  Machinea^  taking  the  Palp  from  the  other  120 
Stamps. 


Price  of  Improved  Belt  Frue  Vanner,  $900,  f.  o.  b. 
Price  of  Plain  Belt  Frue  Vanner,  $575,  f.  o.  b. 


Protected  by  Patenta  December  22,  1874;  September  2 
1879;  April  27,  1880;  March  22,  1881;  February  20,  1883; 
September  18,  1883;  Jaly  24,  1888.     Patenta  applied  for. 


For  Pamphlets,  Testimonlala  and  farther  information 
apply  at  office. 

ADAMS  dt  CARTER,  Agents  FRUE  VANNING  MACHINE  CO.,  Room  15, 


There  are  Over  2200  Plain  Belt  Machines  now 
in  Use. 

Tmi  Montana  Coupant  (Limited),  London,  October  8, 1886. 
Drar  Sirs  :— HavlnK  tested  throe  of  your  Frue  Vtkuuen  iu  a  com- 
jwtitlvc  trial  with  other  similar  machines  (Trium|.1i),  wu  have  satistlfld 
oureelvea  of  the  superiority  o(  your  Vanners,  ae  ia  cvidunceti  by  the 
fact  of  our  having  ordorod  20  oiore  of  your  macliinoH  tor  immedlato 
delivery.     Toura  truly,         THE  MONTANA  COMPANY  (Limited). 

N.  B.— Since  the  above  wa8  written  the  20  Vannere,  havinjt  been 
started,  gave  such  aatiefaction  that  ii  additional  Fruea  and  more 
Btampa  havo  been  purchaaod.  ADAMS    &    CARTER. 

No.  132  Market  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


"TRIUMPH"  ORE  CONCENTRATOR  with  IMPROVED  RIFFLED  BELT. 


The  competitive  trials  which  have  been  held  betweeo  the 
'■Triamph"  Ore  Con  centra  tora,  the  "  Frue"  Vannera  and 
other  forme  of  coDoentratiDg  devices,  do  not  warrant  the  as- 
sertion that  the  **Frae  '  Vanner  is  the  beat  ore  concentrator  in 
the  market.  The  fact  that  the  "Fruea"  have  improved  (cor- 
rugated) belta  does  not  militate  against  the  superiority  of  tho 
•'Triumphs;"  for,  when  deaired,  they  (the  "Triumpha")  can 
be  mounted  with  a  superior  belt  known  aa  the  **  Blaedel  " 

Riffled.  

Price  "  Triumph"  Concentrators,  with  Im- 
proved (Patented)  Belt       -       -       -        $650  f.  o.  b. 

Price  "  Triumph "  Concentrators,  with 
Plain  Belt $550  f.  o.  b. 


We  are  prepared  to  tniarantoe  tlie  aup:  riority  of  tho  *'  T  iuniph  "  over 
the  "  Frue  "  or  any  other  form  of  Concentrator,  for  coin  if  need  be. 
Circulars  aod  tcatimonial  tetters  furDished  on  application. 


JOSHUA  HENDY  MACHINE  WORKS. 

39  to  51  Fremont  Street,     San  Francisco,  Cal. 


Both  the  *'Trium^h"  Concentrator  and  "Blaadel"  (riflled) 
Belt   are    protected  by  iDonotestable    letters  patent,  granted 

by  the  Government  of  the  United  Statea. 

Original  Empire  Mill  and  Mining  Company,  "i 

Principal  Olhce,  401  Cdhrornia  S  ..  c-or.  Sansome,  S   F.      } 

Lo.ation  of  Works,  Oraha  V&lle.\ ,  Nevada  Co,  Cal  j 

Grahs  Vallkt,  Nbvada  Co.,  Cal,.  Nov.  10,  1886. 

Jobhxia  Hnubj  Machine  Wmka,  3'J  to  .'tl  Frnnonl  St.,  S.  F.,  Cal.: 

Gkntlkmbn— I  am  pleased  to  state,  in  reference  to  the  "  Triumph" 
Ore  Concentrators,  'that  four  (4)  of  them  were  plarc*  in  the  mUi  of  the 
Orieinal  Emipie  Mill  and  Miniiiy;  Company  in  April,  18S4,  and  a  thorough 
tefit  made  of  their  practical  oper  tion;  and  their  cHiciency  having  hcoo 
demoiiBtrated.four  {4)more  were  subaequcritly  introduced  aa  the  uoniple- 
meot  of  the  Twenty  (20)  ytamp  Mill,  aud  the  eight  (8j  have  been  and  are 
now  running  with  entirely  eatiafactorv  reaiiUa. 

At  the  Ten  (10)  Stamp  Mill  of  the  North  Star  Mining  Company,  un-ier 
my  supervUion.  (our  (4)  are  also  in  eucceneful  operation,  and  from  my 
observation  of  their  pTaciical  workings,  I  am  convinced  that  this  form  of 
Concentrators  is  the  equal,  if  not  superior  to  anv  otbc  style  of  Vanoera 
or  concentrating  devices.  DAVID  McKAY,  Jr., 

[Signed]  Sup't  North  Star  and  Original  Empire  Mining  Co. 

N.  B.  When  the  stamping  capacity  of  the  two  above  named  mills  was  in- 
creased, more  "Triumph  "  Concentrators  were  purchased,  and  twenty- 
eight  (28)  are  now  in  constant  aucce.-sful  operation. 


CALIFORNIA    WIRE    WORKS 


XitS'X*.A.:]BXjXSZ3CX3X3    1852.       ITO OOR  r"  OI=».  A  TIBID    1882. 


MANUl'ACTUHKRS  tF 

Steel   Wire   Rope, 

OF  ALL  KINDS  FOK 

GABLE  RAILWAYS, 

ROPEWAYS  and  TRAMWAYS, 

Mining,  Shipping  &  General  Purposes. 


WIRE, 

BARBED    WIRE, 
WIRE   NAILS. 

WIRE    OLOTH. 

Full  Aesortment  Always  in  Stock 


OFFICE; 

9  Fremont  Street,  San  Francisco 

Scod  for  Illustrated  Catalogue. 


hallidie's 
Patent  VV'RE  Ropeway, 


For  the  Economical  and  Eapid 

Transportation    of   Ore 

and  other  material. 


Erected  by  U8  During  the  Past  Fourteen  Years  in  Sjana  of 

200  TO  2  000  FEET. 


Simple,  Economical  and  Durable. 


TRANSPORTATION     OF    ORE     BY     HAI.LIDIE'S     PATENT     WIRE    KOPKWAT. 


HAVE   BEEI^  THOROUGHLY  TESTED 
In  all  Parts  of  the  Country. 


Centrlfagal  Boiler  Qaartz  Mill. 


IMPORTANT  TO  GOLD  MINERS! 

SILVER-PLATED  AMALGAM  PLATES  for  SAVING  GOLD 

IN    QUARTZ,    GRAVEL    AND    PLACER    MINING. 
PRICES  GREATLY  REDUCED. 

Only  Kefined  Silver  and  Best  Copper  used,    Over  3000  Orders  filled.    Fifteen   Medals  Awarded,    Old   Mining   Plates  can    be 

Eeplated.    Old  Plates  Boaght,  or  Gold  Separated, 

These  Plates  can  also  be  purchased  of  JOHN  TA  VLOR  &  CO.,  Corner  First  and  Mission  Sts 

San  Francisco  Gold,  Silver  and  Nickel  Plating  Works,  653  &  655  Mission  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal ,  E.  G.  Denniston,  Prop'r. 

Our  Plates  have  been  used  for  20  years.    They  have  proved  the  best.    We  adhere  strictly  to  contract  in  welKht  of  Silver  and 
Oopoer.      SKND  P  >n  OIBOnLAR. 

IF".      J^,      H  XJ  INTTI  I^C3r"r  o  Tsr, 

MANUPACTUEER    OP  

CENTRIFUGAL  ROLLER  QUARTZ  MILLS, 

Concentrators  and  Ore  Crushers, 
Mining  Macliinery  of  Every  Description.        Steam  Engines  end  Siiingle  Machines. 

SEND    FOR    CIROULiAR. 


376 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Mat  31,  1890 


Lubricating  Compound  and  Cups. 


JOSHUA  HENDY  MACHINE  WORKS, 

Nos.  39  to  51  FREMONT  STREET,  SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 


aiy 


1868. 
Mannfactnre  commenced  a 
Albany,  Wew  York. 

1876. 
Introduced  by  us  on  Pacific 
Coast. 

1889. 

Cheap  imitations  having  bad 
time  to  show  that  tbey  are  the 
most  expensive  in  the  end,  the 

Sales  of  the  Genoine  Albany 
Gomponnd  are  Larger  than 
ever  hefore. 


England,    Belgium, 
France, 

And  other  Foreign  Countries 
are  now  Large  Consumers. 


We  are  also  Sole  Agents  for 
the 

f-  Albany  Cylinder  Oils, 

Albany  Spindle  Oils,  Etc. 


FOR    SALE    ONLY    BY 


TATUM  &  BOWEN, 

Sole  Agents  for  the  Pacific  Coast, 

Dealers     in     Improved    Woodworking     Machinery, 

Sawmill  Machinery,  Engines,  Boilers,  Ironworking  Machinery,  Supplies,  Etc. 

Sole  Agents  for  Hoe  Ohisel-Tooth  Saw,  Gardner  Governor,  Schiiltz 
Leather  Belting,  Etc. 

34  AND  36  FREMONT  STREET,  SAN  FRANCISCO. 

85  FRONT  STREET,  PORTLAND,  OR. 


Rock  Drilling  and  Air  Compressing 
Machinery 

For  TUNNELS,  QUARRIES,  MINES,  RAILROADS 

And  Wherever  Ore  and  Bock  are  to  he  Drilled  and  Blasted, 

i9- SBMD    FOR    NEW    CATAtOCTJE    OF    1889.  -gs 


RAND    DRILL  CO., 

23  Park  Place,  New  York,  U.  S.  A. 


IMPROVED  FORM  OF  HYDRAULIC  GIANTS. 


THE  ABOVE  CUT  ILLUSTRATES  THE  IMPROVED  FORM  OF  DOUBLE- JOIN  TED  HY- 
DRAULIC GIANTS  which  we  manufacture.  We  guarantee  purchaeera  of  this  form  of  Giants  against  all 
coats,  expenses  or  daniatres  which  may  arise  from  aoy  aHverse  suits  or  actions  at  law.  We  are  further  prepared  to 
furnish  Sinjrle-Joiuted  Giants  when  required.  Prices,  discounts  and  Catalogues  of  our  specialties  of  Iiy 
dranlic  Mining  Machinery  sent  on  application. 

JOSHUA  HENDY  MACHINE  WORKS,  39  to  51  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco. 


"HENDY"    IMPROVED    "  CHALLENGE"    ORB    FEEDER. 
The  best  form  of  Feeder  ever  devised,  and  prononnced  by  reputable  mining  men  to  be  fat 
superior  to  any  form  of  "Roller"  Feeder  manufactured.     We  refer  to  the  follow- 
ing gentlemen  who  have  furnished  ua  with  testimonial  letters  to  the 
above  efifect,  which  can  be  seen  at  our  office,   viz.: 

B.  0.  WiCKHAM,  Taylor  Mine,  Greenwood,  Cal. 


ST.  W.  Crockee,  Supt.  Bunker  Hill  Gold  Min- 
ing Co.,  Amador  City,  Cal. 
W.  G.  Roberts,  Greenwood,  El  Dorado  Co. ,  Cal. 


J.  R.  Tbegloan,  Supt.  South  Spring  Hill  Gold 
Mining  Co.,  Amador  City,  Cal. 


WE   ABE   MANTTFAOTUKERS  OF  THE 


"CHALLENGE,"   STANFORD,"  "TULLOCK,»&  "ROLLER"  FEEDERS, 

And  will  furnish  descriptive  Catalogues  and  quote  prices  upon  application. 


Vulcan  Iron  "Woi^^s, 

135-145  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco,  Oal. 

Mining  Machinery.  Steam  Engines. 


STAMP  BATTERIES,     . 

PANS  AND  SETTLERS. 

ROCK  BREAKERS,  ETC.,  ETC. 


SAW-MILL  -1 

cable-road     -machinery. 
refrigeratingJ 


Special  Machinery  to  Order. 

AERIAL    WIRE    ROPEWAYS. 

(Vulcan  Patent  System) 

SINGLE,   ENDLESS    TRAVELING  ROPE. 

EUevated  on  Wooden  Posts,  from  150  to  20OO  feet  apart, 
conveying  Buckets  of  Ore,  Coal,  Wood,  etc. 


No  Possibility  of  liOad  Slipping:. 

Cheapest  Form  of  Transportation, 


No  road   needed;    can  be  run  vertically.    No  powet 
needed  if  angle  of  descent  be  more  than  S  degrees. 


CAN   SPAN   GULCHES   SOOO  FEET   WIDE. 


FRISBEE-LUCOP  MILL  CO., 


-MANUFACTURERS    OF- 


ADAMANTINE  SHOES  &  DIES 

FOR    STAMP    MILLS. 

These  SHOKS  and  DIES  are  in  extensive  use  in  all  the  mimng  States  and 
Territories  of  North  and  South  America.  Guaranteed  to  prove  better  and  cheaper 
than  any  othtrs.  Orders  eolicited,  subject  to  above 
conditions, 

— M.VNTJFACTUREn    BY— 

CHROME  STEEL  WORKS,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 

H.  D.  MORRIS,  Agent, 

320  Fremont  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal 


Special  attention  given  to  the  purchase  of  Mine  and  MIU  Supplies. 


Centrifugal  Roller  Steel  Mills, 

FOR  PULVERIZING  ORES,  WET  OR  DRY, 

For  Amalgamation  or  Concentration,  and  for  Msnufacture  of  Cement,  Fertilizers,  Faint, 
and  all  other  purposes  for  which  grinding  or  pulverizing  is  required. 

Send  for  Catalogue  and  Price  List  to 

FRISBBB  -  LUCOP    MILL    CO., 

145    BROADWAY,    NEW    YORK. 


VOL.    LX.-  Number  23. 

DEWEY    i    CO..    PUBU8MER8. 


SAN    FRANCISCO,    SATURDAY,  JUNE   7,    1890 


Ttiree  Dollars  per  Annum. 

Single  Copies,  10  Cta. 


Hinkle's  Ore-Roasting  Furndce. 

E  igraviDgB  on  this  psge  ebow  Philip  Hinkle's 
improved  vortioal  roaatiagfurnaoe  forealpharet 
ore».  A  repreBents  the  oooveyor;  B,  elevator; 
O,  verticil  stick;  D,  seotion  of  stack;  E,  hori- 
z)Qtal  flae;  f^,  ehower  fl '^:  5,  iQcliDe  fli";  T, 
cjoUdj;  ohambera;  anci  ir,  the  fired.  The  fur- 
nace aODnista  of  a  vertical  stack  and  cooUog 
ohamber*,  with  two  fires  arranged  near  the  bot- 
tom of  the  vertio^^l  stack  and  one  near  the  top 
nf  the  horiziotal  jl  le.  There  ia  a  conveyor  to 
f^ed  the  ore  into  the  elevator  backets  which 
carry  it  to  the  top  of  the  st^ok  and  drop  it  into 
a  funoel-ahaped  hopper.  lo  this  is  a  machine 
which  drops  the  ore  on  to  a  revolving  plate 
which  throws  it  out  by  centrifugal  force  and 
distributes  it  aoiformly  in  the  top  of  the  stick, 
i>i  that  every  particle  Is  worked  opoi  by  the 
fire  to  burn  the  sulphur  as  it  drops  from  the 
t  ip  of  the  vertical  stack  to  the  bottom.  There 
it  piles  up  three  or  four  feat  deep.  Then 
the  gate  is  raised  and  it  elides  into  a  cooling 
chamber  where  it  is  raked  in  uniform  bightgand 
ramiioB  until  it  finiehes  its  work.  After  thip, 
it  U  dropped  into  cars  and  carried  away,  ready 
far  amalgamation. 

The  light  dust  or  ore  carried  by  the  draught 
through  the  upper  fire  goss  thrcugh  the  hori- 
z  intal  fl  ae  into  the  shower  flue, where  it  becomes 
dampened  and  drops  to  the  bittern  as  the 
draught  pasees  up  the  incline  flue.  Any  lo- 
cumulation  of  dust  ores  in  the  horizontal  fine 
can  be  raked  ont.  The  outside  shells  of  the 
vertioal  stack,  horizontal  flue  and   shower   tlae 


ABANDONED    HYDRAULIC    MINE,    SHOWING    GRCWTH    OV    YOUNG    TREES.-See  page  3^4. 


are  made  of  cast  iron  and  are  lined  with  fire- 
brick. Mr.  Philip  Hinkle,  110  and  112  Beale 
St.,  will  give  further  information  concerning 
details  to  thnae  who  desire  it, 


BINKLB'S    IMPROVED    ROASTIN^    FURNAgS    FQ»    SUJUPHURET    ORES- 


\  i     y  I  V 


Lick  Statuary. — The  time  having  elapsed 
in  which  to  present  models  of  the  proposed 
Lick  statuary,  commemorative  of  the  tranei- 
tion  of  this  State  from  the  Mexican  to  the 
Amarican  period,  which  is  to  ba  erected  on  the 
plat  set  apart  opposite  the  new  City  Hall,  the 
artists  who  were  making  deeigns  have  com- 
menced to  arrange  their  models  at  the  Meofaan- 
ica'  Institute  pavilion,  where  they  will  soon  b9 
po  psbibition, 


378 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[JaNE  7,  1890 


SOf^F^ESPOfJDEJMCE. 


We  admit,  unindorsed,  opinions  o!  correapondents. — £d9. 


Powell's  Arid  Argument  on  Irrigation, 

Editors  Press: — In  the  April  Century  there 
is  an  article  by  Major  PowelJ,  entitled  *'The 
Non-Irrigable  Lands  of  the  Arid  Region."  The 
title  has  only  a  slight  connection  with  the  con 
tents.  The  article  is  largely  devoted  to  the 
foreBta  of  the  arid  regions  of  the  West.  Aa  far 
aa  accepted  scientific  forestry  is  concerned 
Major  Poweira  views  are  revolutionary.  His 
only  attempt  to  sustain  views  at  variance  with 
those  now  received  with  any  data  or  proof  is 
an  indetioite  citation  of  certain  alleged  invest! 
gations  In  the  Wasatch  range  and  elsewhere. 

To  set  up  such  a  bild  and  vague  statement 
against  the  experience  and  writings  of  every 
prominent  forestry  man  of  whom  we  have 
knowledge,  is  certainly  extraordiaary.  It 
would  be  ao  for  any  one;  it  is  especially  so  for 
a  prominent  government  official  engaged  in 
scientific  pnrsuits. 

We  have  indeed  found  in  Ciilifornia  that 
trees  immediately  about  a  spring  or  directly 
upon  a  water-course,  do  not  always  inorease 
the  flow  of  water,  and  may  even  diminish  it 
either  by  such  a  detention  aa  allows  the  per 
oolation  of  the  water  into  the  soiT,  or  by  leaf 
evaporation.  With  up,  riparian  trees  are  gross 
water-users  and  usually  deoidaour,  such  aa 
Bvcamorep,  alders,  willows,  oottonwoodp,  etc, 
Even  in  this  case,  the  mass  of  testimony  is  in 
favor  of  the  trees.  The  mountain  springs  and 
streams  here  sink  in  the  valleys  before  tiading 
a  junction  with  the  sea.  Aa  the  trees  on  their 
immediate  banks  are  out,  we  find  them  sink 
lower,  as  a  rale,  and  shorten  their  conrses.  In 
a  foggy  or  cloudy  day  the  water  of  these 
streams  runs  out  farther  into  the  valleys,  so  it 
does  at  night.  We  may  compare  the  tffiot  of 
the  trees  to  the  effect  of  the  clouds  or  night  in 
preventing  or  diminishing  direct  evaporation 
by  the  sun.  The  effect  of  some  large  water* 
using  trees  immediately  about  springs  or  on 
small  streams  is  still  an  open  question. 

But  upon  the  mountains  the  trees  are  of  a 
different  class,  and  their  effect  ip,  without 
known  exception,  beneficial  to  irrigators  and 
water-users  in  the  valleys  below.  Major  Pow 
ell  says,  page  920,  that  forests  may  be  nseful 
on  river*courses  in  humid  countries  to  prevent 
the  streams  from  being  too  large  and  creating 
floods,  but  that  in  arid  countries  the  trees  take 
up  and  evaporate  about  40  per  cent  of  the  raiu' 
fall  into  the  air;  that  the  snows  melt  faster  in 
forests,  and  that  the  volume  of  water  in  a 
stream  will  be  larger  if  its  watershed  be  bare 
than  if  it  were  wooded.  *' For  all  these  rea- 
sons the  forests  of  the  upper  regions  are  not 
advantageous  to  the  people  of  the  valleys  who 
depend  on  the  streams  for  the  fertilization  of 
the  farms." 

Soch  authorities  as  J.  0.  Brown,  Becquerel, 
Marohand,  Siemoni,  Hummel,  Piper,  W.  C. 
Bryant,  Marsh,  Van  Beenan,  Surell,  Ladou- 
oette,  Cantegtil,  Wex,  Barghaup,  Maaaa,  Greb- 
enau,  Ebermayer  and  a  host  of  others  are  all 
without  an  exception  known  to  me  opposed  to 
this  view  of  Poweira.  Time,  place  and  in- 
stance have  been  cited  over  and  over  again  to 
show  that  the  denudation  of  mountain  districts 
is  followed  by  increased  torrent  or  flood  action 
and  diminished  regular  flow  in  springs  and 
streams,  often  by  the  entire  desiccation  of 
these.  In  my  reading,  as  in  my  observation  as 
a  forest  officer,  I  have  nfver  read  or  known  of 
an  instance  to  warrant  Powell's  theory.  It  is 
at  variance  with  all  the  known  facts. 

In  regard  to  Poweirs  statement  that  the 
evaporation  from  a  forest  surface  is  greater 
than  from  denuded  hillside?,  the  data  or  proof 
are  quite  absent. 

We  have,  on  the  other  hand,  a  very  consider- 
able number  of  reliable  experiments  to  show 
that  Powell's  statements  are  totally  wrong. 
According  to  Ebermayer,  for  instance,  the  fol- 
lowing percentages  of  the  rainfall  were  found 
in  the  summer  at  the  depth  of  one  meter: 


In  oDen  grountJ 

In  the  forest 

With  litter. 

19 

62 

Without  litter. 

U 11 

72 05 

Difference 

33 

5S 54 

Every  one  with  the  most  common  powers  of 
observation  and  any  experience  knows  that  the 
soil  remains  humid  longer  in  a  forest  than  on 
bare  open  lands;  ao  also  snow  remains  longer 
under  -trees  than  in  the  open.  Powell's 
article  may  please  the  forest-destroying  in- 
terests, but  its  points  are  contradicted  not  only 
by  authority,  bat  by  every  American's  experi- 
ence of  the  effects  of  forest  destruction  upon 
the  flow  of  streams.  Here  in  California,  in- 
stanceB  are  already  piled  up  for  the  inquirer. 
Some  of  these  may  be  found  in  the  firot  report 
of  the  State  Bsard  of  Forestry.  When  the 
forests  are  destroyed,  the  streams  diminish. 
We  have  in  such  case  our  streams  alternating 
between  violent  and  destructive  torrents  and 
dry  beds  of  sand  and  bowlders, 

Tne  testimony  on  this  point  is  so  large,  so 
circumstantial,  so  complete,  so  uncontradicted, 
that  it  becomes  a  waste  of  energy  to  confute 
farther  the  mere  ipae  dixit  of  a  special  pleader. 

Powell  confutes  himself,  for  he  says  a  few 
lines  further  on  in  speaking  of  the  proposed 
storage  reservoir: 

*<  Storm  waters  wash  the  sands  from  naked 
hills  and   mountains,  and   bear  them  on  to  the 


creeks  and  rivers,  by  which  they  are  carried  to 
the  storage  basins." 

Here  the  excellent  Major  describes  torrent 
action,  but  he  stops  at  the  reservoirs  and  does 
not  descend  his  detritus-laden  stream  to  the 
faims  below.  Aa  soon  as  such  a  stream  leaves 
the  steep  grades  of  the  mountain  it  drops  its 
load,  fills  its  bed  and  changes  its  course.  No 
one  IS  safe  in  the  bottom  lands.  I  can  show  a 
number  of  instances  of  this  sort  of  action  in 
Oalifornia  alone. 

But  the  most  surprising  part  of  Major  Pow- 
ell's article  is  his  narration  without  a  word  of 
apology  or  regret — in  fact  rather  proudly,  of 
how  he  deliberately  set  fire  to  a  giant  pine  tree 
in  the  forests  of  Colorado.  He  saw  the  flre  mount 
and  blaze  and  burn  the  tree;  he  saw  it  spread  into 
the  forest;  he  did  nothing  to  stop  it.  He  goes 
on  to  deicribe  how  grandly  it  burned  and  enda 
thus:  "Ou  it  swept  for  miles  and  scores  of  mileF, 
from  day  to  day,  until  more  timber  was  de- 
stroyed than  has  been  used  by  the  people  of 
Colorado  for  the  last  ten  years," 

Greneral  principles  are  sufficient  to  condemn 
such  a  willful  and  wanton  de&traction  of 
property,  still  more  so  of  a  property  of 
which  be  as  a  Government  cfficer  was 
a  trustee  for  the  people.  Bisides  thip,  hoW' 
ever,  his  act  was  a  violation  of  the  laws  of 
Colorado.  If  the  crime  had  been  committed 
here,  he  would  have  been  punishable  by  both 
fine  and  Imprisonment. 

Arid  Lands  Irrigation. 

In  the  May  number  of  the  Century  is 
another  article  by  Major  Powell  which  this 
*^ime  says  something  about  arid  lands  irrigation. 
The  recommendations  of  the  last  article  as  to 
forestry  with  which  pasturage  is  mixed  up  are 
diametrically  opposed  to  the  arguments  of  their 
futility  In  the  first  article.  It  sounds  like  the 
hedging  of  a  political  cffice-seeker  without  con- 
victions. The  whole  composition  is  a  jumble 
to  which  there  is  neither  head  nor  tail.  As 
one  instance  outside  of  forestry  be  recom 
mends  that  irrigation  work  should  be  only 
undertaken  by  actual  settlers  incorporate  com 
bination.  This  sounds  fine,  but  on  the  vast 
Mijave  desert  and  on  the  wide  and  fiiry 
stretches  of  the  Colorado,  there  is  no  water. 
Settlers  cannot  come  there  and  acquire  lands 
without  water,  consequently  corporate  com- 
bination of  settlers  is  an  incompetent,  because 
non-existan*-,  agency  in  reclaimiag  these  des- 
erts. The  settlers  can  only  come  after  recla' 
mation  and  cannot  be  a  thing  precedent  to  it. 
Hitherto  irrigation  enterprises  have  been  un- 
dertaken to  enlarge  small  uses  of  streams  by  iu 
dividuals  in  sections  already  habitable  without 
these  enterprises  and  by  corporations,  combi' 
nations  or  syndicates,  controlling  large  b  Ddies  of 
land  already  as  a  rule  productive  for  pastnr 
age,  if  for  nothing  else — the  inducement  being 
the  immense  increase  of  production  through 
irrigation.  The  conditions  of  the  great  West- 
ern deserts  of  Utah,  Nevada,  Arizona  and  Col 
orado,  with  which  I  am  acquainted  are  differ' 
ent.  Speaking  generally,  these  vast  desert 
areas  are  now  incapable  of  producing  any  agri' 
cultural  return  to  man.  They  are  uninhabit 
able.  The  works  necessary  for  their  reclama- 
tion require  grand  storage  and  squeduct  workSi 
entailing  large  expenditures  of  capital.  Wisely 
undertaken,  such  works  will  undoubtedly 
prove  as  grand  in  their  returns  as  they  are 
grand  in  their  conception.  They  must  be  un 
dertaken  by  corporations  or  by  the  Govern- 
ment. The  people  will  prefer  the  Govern- 
ment. 

Major  Powell's  plan  of  non^existing  and  non- 
existable  settlers  undertaking  such  works  ia  the 
conception  of  a  political  pander.  The  whole 
of  this  arid  lands  business  seems  to  be  in  the 
wildest  confusion.  We  now  hear  that  the  ap- 
propriation is  to  be  spent  in  boring  artesian 
wells  in  Bikota.  The  whole  of  Dikota  that  is 
capable  under  any  conditions  of  sustaining 
humanity  is  already  thus  capable,  after  some 
sort  of  fashion.  Bat  this  is  not  the  case  in  the 
enormous  areas  of  parched  lands  in  the  districts 
of  the  Sooth.  Tne  soil  here  is  exceedingly 
rich,  and  with  water  and  the  Southern  sun  gives 
immense  returns  to  labor.  Here  exist  the 
mountains  with  catchment  basins,  wattr-sheds 
and  rainfall  sufficient  for  a  great  portion  of  the 
country.  It  is  here  that  the  work  should  be 
done  on  the  arid  land  irrigation,  for  it  is  here 
that  not  only  the  opening  for  such  work  exists, 
but  the  conditions  preclude  the  possibility  of 
private  enterprise  accomplishing  results. 

Where  other  conditions  exist,  as  in  Bakota, 
etc.,  the  Government  had  beet  limit  its  activity 
to  preserving  the  mountain  water-shed  forests. 
The  forests  m  all  the  arid  and  semi-arid  region 
must  be  preserved  if  the  region  is  to  attain  its 
highest  development.  The  people  will  see  and 
recognize  this  facf,  no  matter  what  pleadings 
special  interests  may  set  up  to  bide  it. 

Abbot  Kinney. 

Lamanda  Paric,  Los  Angtles  Co. 

Railways  in  China  .—The  extensive  railway 
building  some  time  ago  contemplated  in  China 
is  still  held  back  by  governmental  opposition, 
but  a  short  extension  of  the  little  road  running 
to  the  Kaiplng  coal  mines  has  been  ordered  to 
be  made  to  the  mines  of  Linai  and  the  contract 
for  rails  has  been  let  to  a  British  firm.  When 
ObtDa  awakes  and  commences  railway  building 
in  earnest,  American  manufacturers  will  be 
pretty  sure  to  have  a  share  of  it. 


Electricity  in  England,— It  is  well  known 
that  in  the  application  of  electricity,  Eogland 
is  far  behind  America,  bat  there  are  not  want- 
ing signs  that  the  Eaglish  are  slowly  but  surely 
adopting  electric  light  and  power. 


The  Deep  Gold  Placers  of  California. 

NUMBER    X.  — CONCLUDED. 

[Written  for  the  Press  and  Copyrighted  1S90,  by  Hekry 
G.  Hanks,  P.  G.  S.  A.,  P.  G.  S  ] 

Landslides. 

The  nature  of  landslides  Is  indicated  by  the 
name,  but  it  is  not  until  they  assume  considerable 
proportions  that  they  are  so  designated.  An 
avalanche  ia  a  moving  body  of  snow  and  ice. 
While  it  generally  loosens  earth  and  uprootci 
trees  in  its  course,  it  is  not  to  be  confounded 
with  a  landslide,  which  does  not  depend  on 
snow  for  its  motion.  Lindslidea  large  and 
small,  produce  very  considerable  geological 
changes.  The  earthy  matter  after  its  transfer 
to  a  lower  level  is  more  easily  washed  away  by 
water. 

Landslides  are  very  frequent  in  the  Alps. 
The  name  "eboulement"  or  *'eboulement  de 
te;re"haB  been  applied  to  them, meaning  a  falliug 
or  einking  of  the  earth.  Many  instances  have  be* 
come  historical,  in  which  the  summits  or  large 
portions  ■  of  mountains  have  either  fallen  in 
mass  into  the  valley  below  or  have  elidden 
down  an  inclined  plane  of  resistant  rock. 

In  1618,  Mount  Conto  in  Snitzsrland  slid 
down  and  buried  Piura,  a  village  containing 
2430  inhabitants.  The  people  carried  on  the 
manufacture  of  cooking- vessels  of  oUite,  a 
variety  of  steatite  or  soapstone,  in  the  quarry- 
ing of  which  the  mountain  was  partly  under- 
mined. In  1714,  a  considerable  portion  of 
Mount  Dlableret  fell  into  the  valley,  by  which 
many  lives  were  lost.  The  beds  of  several 
mountain  torrents  .were  filled  and  lakes  thus 
formf'd;  sooie  streams  changed  their  course. 
In  175i,  a  mountain  near  Servoz,  in  S?xony, 
fell,  spreading  ruin  and  death.  The  dust  which 
rose  is  said  to  have  darkened  the  air. 

Daring  an  earthquake  in  Inyo  county  in  Sep- 
tember, 1S6S,  bowlders  of  large  size  rolled 
down  the  mountain-sides  into  the  valleys.  lo 
Kings'  River  Canyon  the  earth  shook  at  short 
intervals  for  stvtral  days.  Daring  some  of  the 
earttquakes  there  were  landslides  and  the 
downtall  of  large  rook  masses.  The  valley 
being  uninhabited,  no  damage  was  done.  A 
detailed  account  of  these  phenomena  may  be 
found  in  the  Proceedlnj;s  of  the  California 
Acaderiiy  of  Sciences,  Vol.  IV,  fol.  38, 

A  landslide  sometimes  dams  up  the  bed  of  a 
mountain  torrent  and  causes  the  water  to  accu- 
mulate until,  gaining  streneth  and  overcoming 
the  barrier,  it  fioods  the  valley  below  with  sud- 
den energy,  A  case  of  this  nature  occurred  in 
Smtzerland  in  1818.  Datached  blocks  from 
the  Glacier  de  Getroz  intercepted  the  flow  of 
the  east  branch  of  the  Dranse  in  the  Val  de 
Bigne,  when  a  great  lake  was  formed  which 
fioally  burst  its  banks,  and  the  rush  of  water 
CEVused  landslides  and  widespread  devastation. 

There  is  a  general  tendency  of  elevated  land 
to  gravitate  to  a  lower  level,  which  seldom 
terminates  in  a  landslide.  I  have  for  a  number 
of  years  resided  near  the  summit  of  one  of  the 
highest  hills  in  Sin  Francisco,  during  which 
time  I  have  been  engaged  in  a  continual  war- 
fare against  the  slow  movement  of  the  ground 
toward  the  bay,  and  have  noticed  with  dis- 
satisfaction that  the  strongest  cement  walls  I 
could  construct  would  soon  crack  and  swerve 
from  the  perpendicular.  This  beiog  repaired, 
the  same  would  occur  again,  until  becoming 
interested,  I  began  a  series  of  experiments 
which  olearly  proved  that  the  whole  bill  is 
gradually  wearing  away  and  that  It  Is  only  a 
matter  of  time  when  it  will  become  obliterated. 
Avalanches. 

An  avalanche  is  a  large  body  of  snow  in 
rapid  motion  down  a  mountain  declivity.  Snow 
is  not  an  avalanche  before  it  commences  to 
move,  and  ceases  to  be  one  when  again  at 
rest.  When  snow  lies  deeply  on  a  steep  incline, 
the  attraction  of  gravitation  maintains  a  steady 
pull  upon  it  which  for  a  time  it  resists,  bat 
with  a  greater  acoumnlation,  or  when  the  mass 
becomes  more  yielding  by  change  of  temper- 
ature or  falling  rain,  it  Is  sometimes  overcome 
and  commences  to  move,  slowly  at  first,  but 
with  accelerated  velocity  until  It  comes  to  a 
standstill  in  some  valley  far  down  the  mountain- 
side. 

When  it  starts  from  its  first  position,  It  is 
wholly  snow,  but  as  it  descends  it  gathers  rocks 
or  detaches  them;  snaps  off  trunks  of  the  larg- 
est trecE — sweeping  away  whole  forests  in  its 
course.  When  motion  finally  ceases,  it  is  a 
mass  of  snow,  ice,  earth,  rocks  and  broken 
trees  in  a  state  of  the  utmost  confusion.  It  is 
at  the  commencement  noiseless,  but  as  it  rushes 
along,  a  combination  of  sounds  is  heard  which 
it  is  difficult  to  describe.  The  entire  event 
does  not  occupy  many  minutes,  in  some  cases 
only  seconds  of  time,  but  its  effeots  are  on  a 
grand  scale. 

In  the  Yosemite  valley,  which  I  visited  in 
1S62  for  the  second  time,  I  noticed  many  places 
where  trees  had  been  broken  off  in  the  wide 
path  of  numeroas  avalanches.  These  are  as 
common  in  C:ilifornia  as  in  Switzerland,  and 
presumably  so  wherever  high  anowy  mount- 
ains exist. 

These  sweeping  snow  and  land  slides  do  a 
great  deal  of  geological  work,  and  supplement 
the  glaciers  in  mountain  erosion. 

Cloudburst  Phenomena. 

A  cloudburst,  or  "  waterspout "  as  it  is  some- 
times called,  is  a  sudden  condensation  of 
aqueous  vapor   on  a  mountain-side,   generally 


in  an  arid  district.     It  cannot  be  likened  to 
a  heavy  shower  or  thunder-storm. 

The  typical  oloudbnrst  generally  if  not  in- 
variably occurs  during  a  period  of  intense 
beat  or  drought.  The  first  indication  is  a 
distant  and  low  sound  of  thunder.  A  mass  of 
clouds,  white  if  the  sunlight  falls  on  it,  other- 
wise dark,  moves  rapidly  toward  the  mount- 
ain, and  sweeping  up  the  side,  settles  on  the 
summit.  Immediately  a  great  volume  of  water 
may  be  seen  flowing  toward  the  distant  mesa. 
Seeking  its  level,  it  rushes  with  great  im- 
petuosity down  any  accidental  natural  canyon 
or  one  formed  by  a  similar  deluge  in  the  past. 

The  flow  is  so  violent  that  new  channels  are 
frequently  cut  in  the  loose  sands  whereby 
bowlders  and  rock  masses  which  lay  hidden, 
are  uncovered  and  even  moved  to  a  considerable 
distance  down  the  grade. 

While  these  gushes  of  water  are  infrequent 
when  gauged  by  personal  experience,  in  a  geo- 
logical sense  they  have  been  very  numerous, 
for  vast  areas  in  arid  California  have  been 
eroded  by  them.  The  effeots  they  produce 
extend  far  bayond  the  point  of  condensation, 
for  the  flood  follows  channels  until  its  force  is 
expended,  or  until  the  water  reaches  a  level 
plain,  spreads  out,  and  sinks  in  the  thirsty 
sands  of  the  desert. 

When  met  in  the  canyons  by  travelera  or 
prospectors  who  have  no  warning  of  the  coming 
flood,  the  appearance  is  very  alarming.  The 
first  intimation  is  a  low  but  increasing  roar, 
which  is  so  well  understood  by  the  mountaineer 
that  he  at  once  seeks  some  elevated  point 
beyond  its  reach.  The  increasing  sound  of  its 
approach  is  followed  by  the  sight  of  the  water 
front,  sometimes  ten  feet  high  and  many  yards 
broad,  filling  the  entire  channel.  Theboiling,roll- 
iug  tide  atirs  up  the  dry  sand  in  a  strange  manner. 
Debris  of  varions  kinds  is  pushed  forward  and 
rolled  under  the  curling  water  front.  Soon  the 
channel  has  the  appearance  of  a  monntain  tor- 
rent, but  it  quickly  falls,  and  in  a  few  honrs 
the  bed  is  again  empty,  and  in  two  days  is  as 
dry  as  before,  so  that  no  evidence  of  the  recent 
fljod  remains  except  some  change  in  the  bed, 
the  placement  of  a  few  broken  tree- trunks,  or 
the  changed  position  of  isolated  bowlders. 

To  those  who  have  no  experience,  the  meet- 
ing of  these  floods  is  a  circumstance  of  great 
danger,  the  more  so  as  most  of  the  roads  and 
trails  lead  through  canyons,  the  dry  beds  of 
former  floods.  Many  instances  of  loss  of  life 
and  property  under  such  circumstances  have 
been  known  and  published. 

Numerous  mountain  canyons  in  the  desert 
part  of  the  State  have  been  cut  and  many 
times  enlarged  by  a  succession  of  oloudbursta 
extending  over  a  period  of  centuries,  and  the 
tali  which  invariably  spread,  delta  like,  from 
the  debouchere  of  each,  are  proof  of  this. 

B!ackhawk  canyon,  which  lies  on  the  eastern 
slope  of  the  San  Barnardino  foothills,  is  a  type 
of  this  class  of  eroeion.  Without  a  knowledge 
of  cloudburst  phenomena  its  origin  would  be  to 
me  inexplicable.  The  experience  of  a  pros- 
pector as  related  to  me  by  himself  cannot  fail 
to  be  interesting  in  this  connection.  The  event 
occurred  during  the  same  season  that  I  exam- 
ined Blackhawk,  and  the  locality  was  Rattle- 
snake canyon,  only  a  few  miles  distant. 

My  informant  camped  in  the  canyon  in  mid- 
summer with  his  wife,  his  object  being  to  ex- 
plore and  do  assessment  work  on  a  mining 
claim.  Doe  torrid  afternoon  the  ominous 
sound  was  heard,  and  being  an  experienced 
mountaineer,  he  qaickly  helped  his  companion 
up  the  rocky  side  of  the  canyon  to  a  higher 
eUvatior,  and  this  not  a  moment  too  soon,  for 
the  fl^od  rose  nearly  to  their  feet,  while  it 
swept  away  every  movable  object,  including 
the  entire  camp  and  fixtares,  and  fell  within  a 
few  hours,  leaving  the  canyon  dry  aa  before. 
While  it  ia  certain  that  many  similar  floods 
have  rushed  down  this  canyon,  no  calculation 
can  be  made  when  another  will  do  so  It  may 
and  probably  will  be  many  years.  The  talus  at 
the  mouth  of  Blackhawk  canyon  is  composed 
principally  of  fragments  of  metamorphic  lime- 
atone  washed  away  from  the  Immense  calcare- 
ous cliffs  which  are  exposed  at  this  wonderful 
locality. 

The  duration  of  a  oloudbnrst  being  ao  brief, 
rock  fragments  torn  from  their  position 
and  moved  by  it  are  never  waterworn,  and  the 
blocks  which  compose  the  immense  tali  which 
skirt  the  bases  of  the  mountains  in  that  por- 
tion of  the  State  where  this  phenomenon  is  of 
frequent  occurrence,  are  invariably  angular, 
anu  the  rocks,  generally  of  a  soft,  yielding 
nature,  are  wholly  unlike  the  rounded  quartz 
bowlders  which  result  from  glacial  erosion. 

Cloudburs*:8  are  not  peculiar  to  California  or 
the  Pacific  Coast,  but  are  frfquent  in  other 
countries.  One  of  unusually  destructive  char- 
acter recently  occurred  in  China,  and  is  thus 
described  in  the  Shanghai  Mercury  of  Jan,  7. 
1890: 

"On  the  7tih  of  this  moon,  in  the  Yangtse 
river  near  Nankio,  at  about  ID  a  jm.,  when 
the  weather  was  bright,  there  was  suddenly 
heard  a  rushing  noise  as  of  water,  when  two 
large  black  clouds  appeared,  and  they  soon 
enveloped  everything  like  a  thick  fog.  The 
two  black  clouds  appeared  to  be  fighting,  at 
the  sight  of  which  the  waters  were  mach  dis- 
turbed and  the  river  was  full  of  large  waves. 
The  two  huge  clouds  eventually  reached  a 
place  called  Tsit  Li-chow,  when  they  burst 
asunder,  making  a  very  loud  report.  Daring 
the  disturbance  many  boats  were  destroyed  and 
over  100  people  were  drowned,  and  more  than 
50  were  picked  up  in  an  exhausted  condition 
by  the  Chinese  Life-Preserving  Association. 
Those  who  lost  their  lives  were  buried   by  the 


ri 


JONB  7    1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


379 


aathorltiea.     A    loog   strip   of    the   rtver-biak 
hu  aho  oaved  io." 

We  need  oot  go  far  for  examples  of  both 
laodfllides  and  avalaDches,  for  tbe  present  win* 
ter  hai  farniBhed  the  onnditioDB  to  caase  them 
CD  a  grand  loale  in  the  P^oific  Coast  uionQtaini. 
Tbe  following  are  extracts  from  looal  news* 
papers  in  which  they  are  described: 

"8an  JosK,  Skntft  Clara  Oo.,C*l.,  Djo.  26. 
18S9, — The  house  of  <IoBe  Lais  Maaa  stood  In 
the  guloh  at  the  foot  of  a  long,  steep  ridgo, 
about  five  miles  east  of  Evergreer,  and  was 
occapied  by  M-jsa^  his  wife  and  a  child. 
Tbe  cootinuoua  rain  of  the  last  month  and  a 
half  bad  loosened  the  sarfaue  of  tha  whole 
moantain*Bide,  however,  and  at  about  U 
o'olock  a  large  mass  of  dirf,  mud,  rocks  and 
bawlders  was  looienod  from  a  point  on  the  hill 
fally  a  quibrter  of  a  mile  above  where  the  house 
of  Mesa  was  eitnated.  C  lining  velocity  at 
every  turn,  the  slide  sped  on  its  mission  of  de- 
strnction  and  etruok  the  huuse  wUh  great  foros. 
The  house  was  crushed  to  pieces  and  the  lit- 
tle girl  carried  some  thirty  yards  from  the 
spot,  lodging  against  a  tree  and  being  covered 
with  three  or  four  feet  of  mud  and  rocks.  B/ 
a  miracle,  apparently,  Mesa  and  his  wife  es* 
caped  with  their  lives,  bat  were  terribly 
brnised  by  tbe  mass  of   etones." 

'*  Dklta,  Shasta  Co.,  Cal.,  Jan.  24,  1890  — 
There  hi&v«  been  several  large  slides  along  the 
road.  There  is  one  at  the  north  end  of  the 
tannel,  nine  miles  north  of  here.  There  is  one 
of  about  100  tons  of  rock  and  dirt  and  another 
large  one  a  mile  north  of  here.  There  is  a  slide 
reported  south  of  here,  making  it  impoaelble 
for  trains  to  get  to  Sims  with  fuel  or  pro* 
vlsiouB." 

"Wallace  {I.  T  ).  Feb.  7,  1S90.— The  re- 
ports  sent  out  from  Cair  d'Alene  city  of  a  ter- 
rible aocident  at  the  Custer  mine,  were  not  ex> 
aggerated  in  the  least.  A  snowalide  occurred 
at  6  o'clock  io  the  evening  as  IS  men  were  eat- 
ing their  dinner  in  the  boarding- boase  con- 
nected with  the  mine.  Tbe  slide  started  at  the 
top  of  the  mountain  about  300  feet  above  the 
boarding-house,  and  leveled  every  tree  to  the 
bottom  of  the  galcb. 

*'  The  boarding-house  was  gronnd  into  splin- 
ters, six  of  the  occupants  being  killed  and  as 
many  more  seriooaly  wounded.  Many  slides 
are  reported  io  all  directions. 

"Fjur  men  were  buried  in  a  slide  in  Canyon 
Creek  gulch,  but  two  of  them  escaped  alive; 
the  other  two  perished. 

"Tbe  sUdea  at  Birke  were  more  serious  than 
we  at  first  reported.  Two  buildings  contain- 
ing families  were  strnck  and  carried  clear 
across  the  gulch,  but  no  one  was  killed.  Sev- 
eral other  unoccupied  honsea  were  wrecked, 
and  most  of  the  inhabitants  of  the  town  moved 
farther  up  the  guloh  where  there  was  no  dan* 
ger  from  slides. 

''About  a  mile  and  a  half  below  town,  a  big 
slide  occurred  and  struck  a  railroad  camp,  kill 
ing  three  men.  At  the  Gem  mine,  the  flame 
was  carried  away.  The  San  Francisco  tram- 
way and  a  great  portion  of  the  fiume  was  also 
destroyed.  This  aide  of  Wallace,  near  the  Ar- 
gentine mine,  a  slide  occurred,  which  buried 
tbe  Coear  d'Alene  narrow  gauge  and  the  Wash- 
ington and  Idaho  tracks  under  75  feet  of  snow. 
At  MuHbd,  several  alldes  occarred.  No  loss  of 
life  is  reported,  but  the  damage  to  property  ia 
great. 

**At  Wardner,  the  Emma  and  Last  Chance 
mines  tramways  were  carried  away.  The  black- 
smiths' shop  was  destroyed  and  several  other 
buildings  wrecked,  but  no  loss  of  life  occurred." 

"  Weaverville,  Trinity  Co.,  Cal.,  Feb.  13, 
1890. — Tidings  were  received  last  evening  of  a 
whole  mountain's  sliding  on  Dixon's  Bir,  50 
miles  from  Weaverville,  Feb.  3,  completely 
damming  the  Trinity  river.  Two  Chinamen 
mining  on  the  river  were  buried  beneath  the 
immense  mass  of  earth,  reck  and  trees. 

''The  river  was  running  brimfull  at  the 
time,  and  tbe  water  backed  up  with  frightfnl 
rapidity.  A  housp,  and  barn  filled  with  hay 
were  swept  away  by  the  large  volnme  of  back 
water.  The  owner  had  just  time  to  driva  his 
stock  to  a  place  of  safecy  and  escape.  Near 
San  Juan  Point  the  water  came  up  to  the  front 
door  of  a  residence  300  feet  above  the  river, 
and  a  house  two  miles  above  was  swept  away 
with  all  its  contents.  The  river  backed  up  12 
miles  and  was  dammed  for  seven  hours,  form- 
ing a  vast  lake.  Tbe  water  forced  its  way 
through,  but  as  yet  has  not  cut  a  sufficient 
ohannel.  This  is  tbe  largest  elide  recorded  io 
Trinity  county,  and  Weaverville  people  never 
heard  of  one  in  the  State  to  equal  it." 

*'  SiEBKA  City,  Sierra  Co  ,  Cal.,  Jan.  3, 
1890. — A  soowslide  came  rushing  down  the  bill- 
side  upon  thia  city  this  afternoon,  destroying 
the  Roman  Catholic  church  and  eeveral  houses, 
carrying  a  number  of  others  from  their  founda- 
tions, and  causing  the  death  of  seven  peraons 
and  possibly  nine.  The  enow,  which  lay  a 
dozen  feet  deep,  started  at  the  Sierra  Batte 
flumCt  on  the  bilblde  above  the  town,  and 
swept  down  with  resiatleas  force,  carrying 
everything  before  it.  Some  almost  miraculous 
escapes  from  death  ooonrred, 

**  As  soon  as  poasible,  tbe  survivors  began 
digging  in  the  debris,  and  up  to  this  writing 
seven  bodies  have  been  recovered.  AU  is  con- 
fusion at  tbe  scene  of  the  accidenf,  and  it  is  Im- 
possible as  yet  to  obtain  any  particulars,  so 
sodden  was  the  dipaster.  Many  bodies  may  be 
buried -in  the  mass  of  snow,  logp,  furniture  and 
general  wreck-»go.     *     '     ' 

'*More  slides  are  expecte'',  and  the  people 
are  io  constant  dread,  but  the  snow  ia  so  deep 
that  fitght  is  impoaaible.  AU  they  can  do  is  to 
wftit  and  hope  that  tbe  immense  weight  of  snow 


DOw  bringing  on  tbe  moootain-sides  may  oot  be- 
come loosened  and  complete  the  fearful  work 
of  dpstruction." 

"SiERKA  ClTV,  JiD.  4.— Toe  fatal  landslide 
occurred  about  'A  o'clock  Friday  afternoon.  A 
body  of  snow  fell  from  a  bluff  of  rocks  just,  be- 
low the  Sierra  i''iume  Oompany's  flume  at  a 
point  a  <[  larter  ot  a  mile  east  of  the  utnter  of 
Sierra  Ctcy,  aod  at  an  altitude  of  1100  leet 
from  the  county  road.  The  point  of  starting 
was  at  the  head  of  a  ravine  In  which  the  soow 
lay  to  a  depth  of  from  25  to  30  feet.  This 
started  a  slide  in  the  ravine,  which,  bursting 
down  tbe  side  of  tbe  mountain,  gained  enor- 
mous, volume  aod  epud  downward. 

"The  slide  waa  what  mountaineers  tHrm  a 
'  ligbtoiDg  slide' —  that  is,  the  snow  moves 
bodily  down  the  mountain-bide  as  distinguished 
from  a  hill-slide,  in  which  the  soow  takes  glob- 
uUr  form  and  bonnds  downward  as  a  ball 
would  do.  The  slide  followed  the  course  of  tbe 
ravine  to  a  fltt,  leaping  100  feet  at  a  hound  over 
the  county  road,  at  which  point  the  accumu- 
lated snnw  on  the  fliit  turned  it,  aod  it  then 
made  straight  for  the  upper  end  of  the  town. 

"A  small  hollow  caused  It  to  again  turn, 
nearly  at  a  right  angle,  and  It  then  took  its 
course  right  across  the  upper  end  of  Bash's 
Flat.  Several  houses  were  instantly  and  oom- 
pletely  raised.  Not  a  timber  was  left  stardiog, 
aod  the  ocoopaota  of  two  were  crushed  to 
death. 

*  '  *  "Those  Doai'quainted  with  tbe  action 
of  snow  on  mountain-aides  can  hardly  realize  the 
awful  swiftness  and  force  of  anowslides.  The 
slide  traveled  a  mile  and  a  quarter  in  less  than 
a  minute.  No  warning  waa  given  and  there 
was  no  chance  of  escape.  Apparently  all  the 
victims  were  killed  without  time  enough  to 
move  hand  or  foot. 

"The  entire  village  was  thrown  into  a  state 
of  dread,  and  all  the  residents  of  the  upper  end 
of  town  immediately  left  their  homes  and  came 
down  to  the  hotels  where  less  danger  was 
felt."    •     •     • 

"Homer,  Mono  Co.,  Cal..  Feb.  1.  1893  — 
Four  months  ago  today  the  storm  began,  and 
with  a  few  intermissions  of  an  honr  or  two 
each,  has  raged  with  unprecedented  violence 
ever  since.  Nothing  like  it  was  ever  before  ex- 
perienced in  these  mountains,  or  any  other  that 
we  know  of.  At  least  50  feet  of  snow  has  fall- 
en; in  many  places  it  is  hundreds  of  feet  in 
depth.  The  sides  of  the  mountains  are  over- 
loaded, and  there  is  extreme  danger  from  ava- 
lanohea  in  every  direction. 

**  Last  Saturday  the  camp  was  in  a  high  fever 
of  fear.  All  day  long  snowelides  were  tum- 
bling and  thundering,  bringing  down  immeose 
maasea  of  rook  and  timber  and  piling  them  up 
into  grotesque  and  fantastic  mounds,  some  of 
which  were  of  huge  dimenaiona.  Everybody 
waa  nervously  anxious,  for  disastrous  results 
seemed  imminent.  The  gloomiest  anticipations 
prevailed.  Both  walls  of  the  narrow  canyon 
were  covered  with  immense  banks  of  enow 
ready  to  fall  and  entomb  op,  and  no  one  place 
appeared  to  be  more  secure  tbao  another. 

"  In  the  morning,  a  terrific  slide  came  down 
from  a  deep  gorge  on  the  northern  flank  of 
Mount  Gilchrist.  Startiog  from  a  point  about 
3000  feet  above  the  town,  it  waa  augmented  by 
slides  from  confluent  canyons  until  its  propor- 
tions were  enormous  and  with  accelerated 
velocity  it  charged  down  the  precipitous  hill 
like  a  flood  of  molten  silver.  When  it  struck 
the  lake,  there  was  a  thuoderlng  crash  of  six- 
foot  ice,  followed  instantly  by  cannon-like  re- 
ports on  the  other  aide  of  the  lake,  as  oom* 
pressed  air  escaped  from  blowholes  in  the  ice. 
Some  of  these  vents,  however,  emitted  sounds 
like  the  hoarae   roar  of  a  steam  fog-horn.     * 

''After  a  brief  interval,  another  slide 
started  from  the  eouthern  escarpment  of  Mount 
Hector,  oo  tbe  other  side  of  the  lake.  As  it 
gathered  material  it  accumulated  speed,  rolling 
over  and  over  like  breakers  on  a  sloping  shore 
and  throwing  feathery  spray  hundreds  of  vards 
ahead,  until  it  shot  out  on  the  lake  like  a  flash, 
and  lay,  an  Inert  mass  of  elittering  white,  akin 
to  a  glacier  in  solidity.  The  sight  was  weirdly 
and  appallingly  grand,  so  startling  in  its  mag- 
nificence that  the  few  beholders  were  prompted 
to  kneel  in  adoration.  It  Is  at  once  awful  and 
sublime  to  see  a  large  slice  of  earth  in  swift 
motion;  but  the  sensation  becomes  one  of  abject 
fear  when  a  person  realizes  tbe  icfl'nite  danger 
that  hovers  in  the  track  of  one  of  these  fascinat- 
ing spectaclea." 

The  rain  that  falls  on  elevated  lands  does  its 
humble  work  without  notice,  but  in  the  aggre- 
gate it  assumes  enormous  proportions. 

CoDstint  freezing  and  thawing,  and  even 
long  saturation  by  water,  will  disintegrate 
rooks,  and  cBpecially  soft  states  and  shales. 
This  is  observable  near  Liporte,  Plumas  county. 
Little  piles  of  debris  may  be  seen  at  the  foot 
of  all  vertical  banks  thns  loonened  and  caused 
to  fall  in  miniature  tali.  Dielntegratioo  by 
frost  has  been  studied  Io  G-reeoIand  and  is  the 
admitted  cause  of  considetable  geological  change 
in  surface  rocks. 

Denudation  by  saturation  was  illustrated  in 
SiQ  Franci!co  during  the  recent  unusually  wet 
winter.  On  the  hills  in  many  places,  rocks 
crumbled  and  fell  from  blnffi  on  tbe  sides  of 
newly  graded  streets. 

While  I  claim  so  much  for  local  glacial 
erosion  in  California,  I  do  oot  mean  to  belittle 
erosion  produced  by  rivers  and  other  forms  of 
water  in  motion. 

Rivers  not  only  erode  deep  channels  but 
convey  matter  in  suspense  to  localities  far  from 
their  source.  This  is  not  only- the  case  with 
rivers  flowing  with  rapidity  io  mountain  lands, 
but    with    great    streams    movlog    slowly   on 


plains.  If  a  vessel  is  dipped  Into  tbe  Ganges  at 
fliod  aod  the  water  allowed  to  stand  ondis* 
torbdd  for  a  timr,  a  deposit  of  sediment  will 
fall  which  is  (quill  to  one-fourth  its  volume. 
The  Yellow  riv.r  in  China  conveys  2,000,000 
cubic  feet  of  sediment  each  hour. 

Airia,  once  the  seaport  which  gave  its  name 
to  the  Adriatic,  ia  now  far  inland.  The  delta 
of  the  Colorado  in  all  probability  filled  a  por- 
tion of  the  Gulf  of  California,  whlub  once  ex- 
tended over  the  now  Colorado  desert.  The 
whole  Sioramento  valley  is  oomposed  of  debrie 
from  the  mountains. 

Great  rivers  fl jw  slowly,  and  uolike  mountain 
torrentF,  the  mineral  matter  they  hold  in  sus- 
pense is  extremely  floely  divided.  The  Ganges 
at  1800  miles  from  its  mouth  is  only  800  feet 
above  tbe  sea  level,  and  from  that  point  the 
water  is  one  month  reaching  the  sea.  The  Rio 
de  la  Ptata  flows  so  gently  that  ships  can  sail 
op  aeaiost  the  current  for  1500  miles. 

Although  this  is  tbe  case,  geological  changes 
wrought  by  rivers  are  on  a  gigantic  scale;  theae 
operations  never  ceaae.  The  Miasiasippi  will 
eveotually  fill  up  the  Gulf  of  Mexico,  as  did 
many  other  rivers,  now  dead,  fill  other  gulfs 
now  great  deposits  of  sedimentary  matter  aod 
drv  land. 

Here  a  thoughtful  mind  sees  evidence  of 
design  for  the  maintenance  of  animal  and  veg- 
etable life.  Were  not  this  the  case,  vast  num- 
bers of  beloga  now  in  the  ecJDyment  of  exist- 
ence conld  never  have  lived. 

It  is  tbe  order  of  nature  that  inorganic  mat- 
ter should  precede  and  furnish  food  for  vegeta- 
ble forms,  which  in  turn  supply  animal  life 
with  subaiateoce,  and  it  is  the  ceaseleee 
changes  before  referred  to,  that  produce  the 
necessary  conditions. 

Malthus  baa  shown  that  man  can  only  live 
on  the  earth  to  the  extent  to  which  he  can  cb 
tain  food.  If  all  organic  matter  waa  in  use  by 
living  animals,  no  more  life  conld  be  possible 
until  a  portion  bad  paid  the  debt  of  nature. 

In  the  process  of  agriculture  the  fertility  of 
tbe  soil  is  being  continually  exhausted.  To 
restore  this,  mountains  and  elevated  lands  are 
eroded  by  the  forces  we  have  considered,  all  of 
which  thos  take  part  in  the  eoooomy  of  nature. 
The  example  of  tbe  Nile,  which  for  many 
ceoturies  has  maintained  the  fertility  of  Ejypt 
ictact,  is  certainly  worthy  of  conaideratioo. 
The  vallev  of  this  great  river  has  been  culti- 
vated for  30OO  years.  The  river  commences  to 
rise  in  June.  The  Nilometer  at  Er  Rodah  in- 
dicates from  18  to  27  feet  If  less  than  the 
former  number,  tbe  oveiflow  is  oonsidered 
scanty;  the  latter  ia  good,  hot  if  exceeded,  it  is 
a  destroctive  fl^od.  The  ailt  deposit  is  about 
4^  iocbes Id  a  century. 

Dlodnrus  Sioolus  thus  describes  the  oveiflow 
of  tbe  Nile  2000  years  ago,  and  relates  the  ad- 
vantage taken  of  it  by  the  ancient  Egyptians: 
Book  1,  Chap.  Ill:  "  Mountains  stand  on 
both  sides  of  the  river,  and  the  river  forcing  it- 
self with  great  violence  against  strait  and  nar- 
row precipices,  the  water  is  driven  back  and 
flows  over  the  neighboring  fields."  •  •  • 
"Tdia  island  "  {the  delta)"ha8  in  it  many 
dikes  and  sluices  cut  by  art,  and  is  the  moat 
sweet  and  pleasant  part  of  Egypt,  for  being  en* 
richFdand  watered  by  tbe  river,  it  produces 
all  kinds  of  grains  and  the  other  fruits,  and  by 
the  yearly  ovei  flowing  of  the  river  the  face  of 
the  ground  ia  continually  renewed  and  the  in- 
habitants have  an  easy  way  to  water  it  by  a 
certain  engioe  itvaoted  by  Archimedep,  the 
Svracusan,  which  from  its  form  is  called 
Choclia.  and  whereas  the  N  le  flows  gently  over 
ic  and  brings  with  it  moch  soil,  which,  restiog 
io  low  aod  hollow  grouods,  makes  very  rich 
raarehes," 

*  *  *  ''  The  iooodatioo  be(i,inB  io  the  summer 
solstice  and  increasf  a  until  the  q  linoctlal  in  au- 
tumn, during  which  time  be  biiugs  along  with 
him  new  soil  and  waters,  as  well  the  tilled  and 
new  ground  as  that  which  lies  waste  aod  oo- 
tilled,  so  loog  as  it  pleases  the  husbaodman; 
for  the  waters  flowiog  geotly  aod  by  degreop, 
they  easily  divert  its  ooorae  by  casting  up  small 
banks  of  earth,  and  then,  by  opening  a  paesage 
for  it,  as  easily  turn  it  over  their  land  again  if 
they  see  it  needful." 

"It  is  so  very  advantageous  to  tbe  inhabit- 
ants, and  done  with  so  little  paiop,  that  most 
of  the  coontry  people  tarn  their  cattle  into  the 
sowed  groond  to  eat  aod  tread  down  the  coro, 
aod  three  or  foormooths  after  they  reap  it." 

"  Some  lightly  ruo  over  the  sorface  of  the 
earth  with  a  plow  after  the  water  is  fallen,  aod 
gain  a  mighty  crop  without  any  great  coat  or 
pains."     •     *     ■ 

"  When  otherrivers  about  the  solstice  fall  and 
grow  lower  all  summer,  this  begins  to  inorease 
and  continues  to  riae  t  Vdry  day  until  it  comes  to 
that  bight  that  it  ovei  flows  all  Egypt,  and  on 
the  contrary  in  the  same  manner  in  the  winter 
it  falls  by  degrees  until  it  wholly  returns  to  its 
proper  channel,  and  in  regard  the  land  of 
Ei^ypt  lies  low  and  champaln;  the  towns  and 
country  villages,  that  are  built  on  rising  gronnd, 
(cast  up  by  art)  look  like  the  islands  of  the 
Cyc  lades." 

R:ver  silt  is  the  beat  of  all  fertilizers,  and 
here  the  idea  occurs  to  me  that  perhaps  the 
mode  of  leveeing  the  rivers  of  California  was  a 
mistake. 

To  confine  the  rivers  within  their  low-water 
channels  is  to  cause  suspended  fertility  to  flow 
into  the  bays  and  oceao,  ioatead  of  being  thinly 
spread  over  the  bottomlands  to  their  benefit. 
Levees  not  only  do  not  entirely  prevent  over- 
fl  )w,  but  when  an  unuBual  flood  occurs,  act  as 
bdirriera  to  prevent  the  recession  of  the  water 
after  irrigation  and  fertilization  have  been  ac- 
complished. 


If  there  were  oo  levees,  the  waters  would  not 
rise  so  high  as  now,  and  would  quickly  retire 
with  the  falling  of  tbe  river.  The  sites  of 
towns  could  be  raised  as  that  of  Sacramento 
has  beer,  and  areas  bi  fliciently  elevated  for 
farm  boildingp,  aa  in  Egypt,  could  be  built  and 
maintained  at  leas  cost,  perhaps,  than  the  pres- 
ent levee  system. 

The  miner  does  not  coneume  the  water  he 
uses  in  bis  mining  operationi;  if  he  did,  there 
wcold  be  no  complaint,  or  at  least  he  would  not 
send  down  the  otjeotionable  debrir.  When  he 
has  availed  himeelf  of  tbe  power  created  by 
the  fill  frrm  one  level  to  another,  he  praotioally 
returns  it  all  to  the  bed  of  the  stream,  from 
which  it  may  be  drawn  by  the  irrigator  below. 
The  agriculturist  has  no  surptos  to  return,  and 
even  while  tbe  populatioo  of  the  State  ie 
sparse,  there  is  not  ODflicient  water  to  supply 
the  wants  of  all.  With  iooreasiog  oumbers, 
conflicting  interests  will  mnltiply,  and  the  peo- 
ple of  California  fiod  that  the  water  question  is 
far  from  being  settled. 

It  has  been  shown  that  erosion  sets  gold  free 
and  places  it  within  the  reach  of  man.  We  fiod 
the  same  forces  applied  in  the  interest  of  agri- 
culture. Can  we  expect  to  reap  this  double 
advantage  without  drawback  ?  loaemnch  as 
we  cannot  prevent  the  filling  of  river  channelf, 
Inke-beds  and  inland  bays  by  the  forces  of 
Natur*',  Ipit  ns  not  overlook  the  prospective 
gain,  but  join  hands  in  utilizing  the  natnral  re- 
sources ol  the  State,  both  mineral  and  agricult- 
ural, without  discord,  or  injustice  to  either 
interest. 

If  some  plan  could  be  devised  reconciling  the 
interests  of  both  farmer  and  miner  so  that  the 
latter  could  increase  the  production  of  gold,  it 
would  greatly  beoffit  the  State. 

My  study  of  the  deep  placers  of  California 
confirms  my  opioioo  that  they  are  more  exten- 
sive than  generally  sopposed.  I  believe  they 
can  and  will  be  worked  on  a  moch  greater 
scale,  and  that  as  we  become  more  familiar 
with  their  features  and  peculiarities  we  ahall  be 
able  to  dieoover  others  at  localities  now  oo- 
koowo. 

Drift  mioes  are  expeosive  to  open  aod  costly 
to  work,  but  gold  the  world  must  and  will  have, 
aa  long  as  it  ie  po8f>ible  to  obtain  it,  and  as  it 
beoomps  scarce  and  conarquently  more  valuable, 
all  difficulties  will  be  overcome  in  the  exploita- 
tion of  the  great  natural  treasuries  I  have  at- 
tempted to  describe. 


Mineral  Exhibit  lor  the  World's  Fair 
at  Chicago. 

Editors  Press: — Having  been,  in  connection 
with  Pi  of.  Henry  G.  Hanks,  Mr.  Mel- 
ville Attwood  and  Sol  Hdydenfeld^  Jr , 
an  active  worker  in  getting  up  the  Cali- 
fornia mineral  exhibit  for  the  World's  Fair 
at  Paris  in  1878,  I  naturally,  from  this  experi- 
ence, have  some  ideas  which  may  be  turned  to 
abcount  for  the  coming  Chicago  World's  Fair. 
To  begin  with,  at  the  start  there  is  always  a 
great  hurrah — there  is  plenty  of  money  and 
plenty  of  help,  until  tbe  money  is  wanted  and 
the  help  means  work.  Then  there  is  a  general 
weakeoiog  all  arouod.  This  fact  we  experi- 
enced; and  when  I  say  we,  I  mean  the  parties 
above  named  (including  your  bumble  seivant) 
who  did  the  work  and  made  the  success  as  far 
as  the  collection  went;  and  even  then  all  would 
have  been  a  failure  but  for  the  geoerosity  of 
Joho  W.  Mackay,  who  came  forward  with  a 
check  for  $5000— yep,  $5500. 

The  poiot  I  am  oow  aimiog  at  ip,  if  the  mio- 
ing  ooooties  do  oot  take  the  matter  of  ao  ex- 
hibit io  baod  (each  mloiog  county  for  itself}) 
the  work  will  be  but  meagerly  done  and  there 
will  be  general  diasatisfaotion. 

Now  my  proposition  would  be  this:  Let  the 
representative  mining  men  of  each  couoty  or- 
ganize World's  Fair  Committees,  for  the  expo- 
sition of  the  mineral  wealth  of  its  respective 
county,  and  have  no  affiliation  with  any  other 
iodostry.  These  County  Committees  oao  then 
form  by  representation  a  State  Committee,  who 
would  see  to  the  general  businesp,  as  approprl- 
ationp,  etc.,  and  see  that  tbe  mining  interest 
had  its  due  (which  it  has  not  bad  for  some 
years).  Unless  this  is  done,  the  mining  inter- 
est will  be  left  io  the  baokgrouod.  As  to  mio- 
ing  machioery,  that  can  be  passed  over  to  the 
manofacturiog  loterest,  or  be  a  matter  for  the 
State  Committee. 

Aoother  point  I  have  to  suggest  is  that  where 
donations  of  minerals  are  made,  there  should 
be  an  nnderstanding  that  the  entire  collection, 
at  the  end  of  the  fair,  be  donated  to  tbe  city  of 
Chicago,  they  ogreeing  to  place  the  collection 
on  permanent  exhibition  in  their  public  library 
or  as  they  might  see  fit.  By  ao  doing,  every 
county  would  be  bent  flted  for  years  after 
tbe  fair  was  over. 

We  certainly  want  to  show,  in  profusion,  the 
great  value  of  the  mining  localities  for  every 
class  of  mineral — iron  as  well  as  gojd,  lead  as 
well  as  silver.  The  fact  of  it  is,  Oalifcroiaos 
as  a  body  do  not  clearly  comprehend  tbe  value  of 
oor  mineral  wealth  outside  of  gold,  and  we  want 
to  show  it  all.  There  is  enough  to  do  in  this 
especial  department  without  mixing  it  up  with 
froitB,  grains,  pumpkins  or  potatoes.  A  State 
Mining  Committee,  having  control  of  the  entire 
exhibit,  could  command  tbe  sitnation  and  make 
a  suoneps  nf  ereat  value  to  tbe  mining  indtiatry. 

May,  1S90.  Aimarin  B.  Paul. 


The  Otay  watch  factory  turned  out  its  first 
assortment  of  time-pieces  last  Saturday.  Tbe 
event  was  celebrated  by  a  free  excursion  to 
and  from  Sao  Diego  aod  a  big  banquet. 


380 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Jdne  7,  1890 


HjJlNIJ^G   gUMMAf^Y, 

The  following  is  mostly  condensed  from  joumala  published 
in  the  Interior,  in  proximity  to  the  mines  mentioned. 


CALIFORNIA. 

Bl  Dorado. 

Prospecting  for  Gravel. — Et  Dorado  Repub- 
lican, May  3i:  Steps  have  been  taken  during  the 
last  week  to  prospect  the  extensive  gravel  ridge 
east  of  PlacerviUe.  a  large  part  of  which  is  owned 
by  the  Blair  Brothers.  This  lava-capped  ridge  is 
known  to  contain  in  many  places  large  deposits  o( 
auriferous  gravel,  which  is  probably  the  continu- 
ation of  the  old  river  channel  which  passes  through 
Coon  Hollow,  Prospect  Flat  and  Smith's  Flat,  and 
which  has  been  very  rich  in  many  places.  The 
Btairs  own  a  tract  5?^  miles  long  on  this  ridge  and 
the  property  has  been  bonded  by  a  company  which 
have  made  arrangements  to  prospect  it  by  boring 
vertical  holes  through  the  cap  on  the  ridge  down 
to  the  gravel  and  bedrock  underneath,  which  will  re- 
quire borings  of  150  feet  and  upward  in  each  in- 
stance. A.  L.  Perkins  is  in  charge  of  the  boring. 
The  machinery  to  run  the  drills  was  sent  up  the 
ridge  last  Saturday,  and  it  will  soon  be  in  opera- 
tion by  water-power  from  the  El  Dorado  Canal, 
The  first  boring  will  be  on  the  Painter  Ranch. 
Considerable  work  has  been  done  on  the  ridge  by 
running  tunnels  and  inclines  without  satisfactory 
results,  as  the  gravel  deposit  is  of  unknown  depth 
and  extent,  and  not  easily  prospected  in  that  way. 
The  object  of  the  boring  is  to  ascertain  the  deepest 
parts  of  the  channel  and  where  gravel  can  be  found, 
so  that  tunnels  can  afterward  be  run  so  as  to  drain 
the  ground  and  develop  it  at  once  without  the 
costly  mistakes  that  have  so  often  been  made  in  other 
deep  gravei  mines  by  getting  the  opening  tunnels  too 
high.  The  borings  will  bp  four  inches  in  diameter 
and  will  show  the  exact  nature  and  depth  of  all 
the  material  on  the  ridge  down  to  the  bedrock. 

Mariposa. 

Whitlock  Mines.  —  Neius^  May  31:  P.  H- 
Breen's  new  find  still  shows  good  prospects  and  the 
discoverer  thinks  he  has  struck  a  valuable  mine. 
Two  young  men  by  the  name  of  Reed,  from  Coulter- 
ville,  have  opened  up  an  extension  on  the  Bull  Dog 
lode  and  have  a  vein  about  three  feet  thick,  which 
shows  good  milling  ore.  Work  is  progressing  on 
the  Grove  &  EUingham  mill.  The  battery  frame  is 
up,  and  the  engine,  rock-breaker  and  self-feeder  in 
place.  The  water-tanks  are  in  course  of  construc- 
tion and  the  probability  is  that  the  mill  will  be  com- 
pleted inside  of  six  weeks. 

Nevada. 
Gold  Hill  Mine. — Grass  Valley  Union,  May 
30;  The  quiet  that  has  so  long  reigned  about  the 
premises  of  the  old  Gold  Hill  mine  has  been  changed 
to  a  scene  of  busy  activity,  preparatory  to  a  resump- 
tion of  underground  work.  Already  a  comfortable 
two-roomed  building  has  been  put  up  to  be  used  as 
an  office  and  storeroom,  and  necessary  repairs  to 
the  hoisting  and  pumping  works  buildings  are  well 
under  way.  The  position  of  the  machinery  is  being 
changed  for  more  convenience,  and,  where  necessa- 
ry, new  bed-logs  are  being  placed  under  the  engines 
and  hoisting  g^ar.  The  carpenter  work  is  being 
done  by  I.  T.  Walker,  and  James  Burke  is  the  min- 
ing foreman,  having  general  supervision.  No  effort 
will  be  made  to  open  the  incline  shaft  until  steam 
can  be  started  up,  which  will  take  several  weeks  yet, 
as  there  is  a  good  deal  of  surface  work  to  be 
done  before  undertaking  to  open  the  shaft.  The 
Gold  Hill  mine  is  historical,  as  upon  that  hill  was 
the  first  discovery  of  gold  quartz  in  California,  and 
where  the  first  regular  quartz  mining  was  instituted. 
Several  millions  of  gold  were  taken  out  in  that  locali- 
ty first  and  last,  but  the  mine  became  apparently 
barren  when  it  was  worked  to  a  depth  of  350  feet, 
and  for  over  10  years  it  has  been  standing  idle.  Ex- 
perience has  shown  that  it  will  not  do  to  say  that  a 
quartz  mine  has  been  worked  out  in  this  dstrict  when 
no  greater  depth  than  that  has  been  reached,  as 
such  raining  as  that  is  but  superficial.  Deep  work- 
ing has  given  the  best  results,  and  the  new  company 
that  has  purchased  the  Gold  Hill  mine  will  exploit 
the  property  on  that  theory. 

Peabody. — The  water  is  nearly  out  of  the  Pea- 
body  mine,  and  a  track  is  being  constructed  for  a 
dump,  in  readiness  for  the  underground  work  which 
will  soon  commence. 

Shasta. 
IGO. — Shasta  Democrat,  May  28:  Whit  George 
and  Doc  Dunham  of  Igo  came  in  Monday  from 
their  mine  on  Muletown  mountain,  bringing  with 
them  a  large  sample  of  ore  from  the  mine.  They 
have  developed  this  mine  sufficiently  to  prove  that  it 
is  a  valuable  piece  of  property.  The  ore  is  very 
heavy  in  sulphurets  and  when  concentrated  assays 
about  $500  a  Ion.  They  have  been  working  some  of 
the  ore  in  a  small  arastra  and  amalgamate  about 
$50  a  ton. 

Lower  Springs,— Cor.  Democrat,  May  28:  The 
Beecher  property  is  fast  coming  to  the  front.  Their 
tunnel  is  advanced  in  the  mountain,  running  west 
about  240  feet,  and  have  had  good  ore  from  the 
point  of  tapping  the  ledge.  I  learn  from  good 
authority  that  the  breast  of  their  mnnel  running 
west  is  in  far  better  ore  than  yet  discovered  in  any 
part  of  their  mine.  They  have  also  commenced  an 
upraise  to  connect  with  the  shaft  so  as  to  afford 
them  abundance  of  air.  This  mine  has  good  ore  in 
every  place  of  working,  and  we  congratulate  them 
for  their  energy  and  hope  they  will  be  rewarded 
double  fold  for  labor.  The  St.  Auburn,  Ed 
Sweeny's  mine  on  Clear  creek,  is  fast  becoming  a 
valuable  piece  of  property.  I  was  informed  by  Peal 
&  Rice,  part  owners,  that  their  prospect  is  way  up, 
the  best  they  know  of.  The  Mountain  View  M. 
Co.  is  still  advancing  their  tunnel  toward  the  old 
shaft  where  there  is  still  considerable  good  ore  in  sight 
and  they  intend  to  run  a  tunnel  still  beyond  the  shaft 
toward  the  summit  of  the  hill,  where  they  expect 
crosscutting  for  other  valuable  ledges.  The  Wal- 
ton mine  on  Salt  creek  is  going  to  start  up  soon. 
Jim  Hill  is  bent  on  starting  a  tunnel  on  Salt  creek 
and  run  west  in  order  to  tap  the  Keystone  mine, 
which  is  so  well  known  for  its  ore  produced.  There 
is  some  talk  of  the  Deakin  &  Taylor  group  of  mines 
starting  up.  This  is  the  best  piece  of  mining  prop- 
erty in  this  district  and  ought  not  'o  lie  idle. 
Sierra. 
RtVER  C'LkMA.— Mountain  Messenger,  May  3r: 
0;car  Jones  his  gone  to  work  about  fivemilesjup  the 
North  Fork,  to  open  the  river  claim  of  P.  I^orerisen, 


There  is  supposed  to  be  quite  a  stretch  of  the  old 
river  channel  there  which  was  covered  by  a  slide, 
which  has  never  been  worked  owing  to  its  being  be- 
low drainage. 

Lone  Star. — Mr.  Snyder,  of  the  Lone  Star  mine, 
has  sent  up  men  to  prepare  for  operating  this  sum- 
mer after  the  snow  has  melted  around  Gold   Valley. 

The  Mountain  Mi^'E-.—  Tribime,  May  30: 
Richard  Harper  arrived  here  yesterday  from 
S.  F..  accompanied  by  Mr.  Hancock  of  London, 
Work  will  be  commenced  at  the  Mountain  mine 
just  as  soon  as  practicable  under  the  able  manage- 
ment of  Mr.  Harper.  Mr.  Hancock  will  have 
charge  of  the  accounts,  pay  department,  etc. 

Trinity. 

Trinity  Center.— Shasta  Democrat,  May  28: 
Gerald  O'Shea  of  Trinity  Center  arrived  in  town 
Sunday  evening  via  Lewiston,  bringing  with  him 
some  hauiisome  specimens  of  free  gold  croppings 
from  the  new  gold  mines  northeast  of  the  Altoona 
quicksilver  mines.  He  says  there  is  plenty  more  yet 
on  the  mountain  ranges  in  the  northern  part  of 
Trinity. 

Hydraulic  Mines.— Louis  Raab  of  Douglas 
City  reports  his  section  of  Trinity  county  prosper- 
ous—particularly the  hydraulic  miners.  They  will 
make  the  biggest  cleanup  this  season  that  they  have 
made  in  yeaj-s;  the  result  of  plenty  of  water,  which 
insures  a  long  season's  work.  The  new  mining 
camp  on  Canyon  creek  is  booming  and  is  alive  with 
hardy  prosp&ciors.  Several  new  and  valuable  mines 
were  discovered  in  the  new  camp  within  the  past  six 
months,  which  have  attracted  a  great  number  of 
miners  to  the  new  district.  The  quartz  there  is  rich 
in  free  gold  and  the  veins  average  fy^od  size. 

A  New  Strike. — VsleayeTviWe/ournal,  May  31: 
T.  J.  Blakemore  was  in  town  this  week  and  informs 
us  that  Harvey  Springsted  discovered  a  new  ledge 
last  March  on  the  Daisy  mine  location  above  Lewis- 
ton. The  ledge  averages  about  two  feet  in  width, 
carries  free  gold  and  pro?pects  well.  It  is  good 
milling  rock.  The  ledge  shows  up  well  for  the 
amount  of  work  done  upon  it  and  Mr.  Blakemore, 
who  is  interested  in  it,  thinks  it  will  prove  a  good 
thing. 

Hettenshaw  Quartz. — Thpre  is  some  prospect 
of  Hettenshaw's  becoming  a  quartz  camp.  Mr. 
Willburn  informs  us  that  eight  men  have  been  put 
to  work  in  developing  the  ledge  found  last  year  on 
Big  Rock  creek,  and  that  more  men  are  wanted. 
The  ledge  is  within  four  miles  of  Hettenshaw  valley 
and  has  been  traced  for  eight  miles.  The  parties 
who  have  charge  of  the  mine  are  moneyed  men  and 
intend  working  the  ledge  for  everything  there  is  in  it 
this  season. 

Deadwood. — The  past  two  weeks  of  warm 
weather  is  shortening  our  supply  of  water  to  pros- 
pect on  the  high  ridges.  There  have  been  no  big 
Ftrikes  in  camp  of  late,  although  we  hear  that  Kline 
&  Co.  have  a  very  flittering  propect  on  the  Bis- 
marck mine  which  we  hope  may  increase  as  the 
development  goes  on.  Manuel  Enos  &  Co.  are 
getting  a  very  good  prospect  on  the  Wm.  L^ppin 
clami.  Every  one  seems  to  be  geting  over  theeffects 
of  the  hard  winter  and  doing  better  than  ever. 

Tuolumne. 

Hyde  Mine.— Sonora /?tv«(ji-/-o/.  May  30:  Jack 
Hammond,  the  efficient  engineer  of  the  Hyde  mine, 
started  up  the  pumps  on  that  mine  Tuesday.  Work 
will  now  be  vigorously  prosecuted. 

Black  Oak  Mine. — The  pumps  on  this  mine 
are  in  active  operation,  and  other  necessary  prepara- 
tions are  being  made  for  the  future  working  of  the 
mine.  As  soon  as  the  mine  is  freed  from  water,  a 
large  force  of  men  will  be  put  on,  and  the  stamps 
will  sing  merrily,  as  before,  crushing  high-grade  ore. 

The  Carra  Mine. — This  mine,  situated  near 
Soulsbyville,  between  the  Live  Oak  and  Black  Oak 
mines,  is  looking  well.  Mr.  A.  F.  Cooper,  the 
owner,  is  making  rapid  developments  on  the  mine, 
which  is  on  the  same  lode  as  the  Black  Oak.  The 
ore  yields  $30  per  ton  in  free  gold  and  over  $900  per 
ton  in  sulphurets. 

San  GuiSEPPE. — This  mine  is  being  thoroughly 
prospected— something  never  done  before— under 
the  able  management  of  Supt.  Whorf,  and  will  be  in 
a  well- developed  state  before  long.  The  parlies 
having  the  mine  at  present  will  make  every  examin- 
ation possible  into  the  merits  and  demerits  of  the 
properly  before  completing  the  purchase  thereof. 
The  vein  is  now  10  inches  in  diameter,  and  has  been 
varying  between  10  and  14  inches  for  the  past  three 
months.  The  similarity  between  the  ore  of  this 
mine  and  that  of  the  Golden  Gate  is  so  great  that 
no  difTerence  can  be  noticed  when  placed  side  by 
side,  yet  the  ore  from  the  Guiseppe  contains  three 
times  as  much  gold  as  that  from  the  Golden  Gale. 
The  sulphurets  are  fabulously  rich,  and  are  treated 
at  the  Maltm^n  Reduction  Works.  E'ght  men  are 
employed  in  the  mine. 

NEVADA. 

Washoe  Dist;rict. 

Ore  and  Bullion  Yield.— Virginia  Chronicle, 
May  31:  This  week's  ore  yield  of  Comstock  mines 
aggregated  6485  tons,  divided  as  follows:  Con.  Cal. 
&  Va.,  2407  tons,  assay  vklue  $23.25  per  ton;  Savage, 
505  tons,  assay  value  $22  per  ton;  Hale  &  Norcross, 
1125  tons,  assay  value,  $18.50;  Yellow  Jacket,  570 
tons,  assay  value,  %i\\  Crown  Point,  619  tons,  assay 
value,  $22;  Justice,  200  tons,  assay  value,  $27.13; 
Alta,  350  tons,  assay  value,  $22.75;  Overman,  260 
tons,  aspay  value,  $23.75;  Chollar,  449  tons,  assay 
value,  $21.32.  Following  was  the  bullion  yield  of 
the  ore  product  from  each  of  the  above  mines,  es- 
timated on  the  probability  that  80  per  cent  of  the 
value  of  battery  sample  ore  pulp  assays  was  re- 
turned: Con.  Cal.  &  Va.,  $45  000;  Savage,  58888; 
Hale  &  Norcross,  $17,000;  Chollar,  $9563;  Yellow 
Jacket,  $9600;  Crown  Point,  $ir,ooo;  Overman, 
$4850:  Alta,  $6200;  Justice.  $4200;  total,  $116,301. 

Sierra  Nevada.— On  the  630  level  a  southwest 
drift  is  advanced  665  feet  from  the  shaft  station  and 
is  discontinued.  At  a  point  in  this  drift  600  feet 
from  the  shaft  station,  a  west  crosscut  is  advanced 
47  feet,  the  face  in  porphyry. 

Union  Con.— On  the  1465  level  from  the  north 
lateral  drift,  opposite  west  crosscut  No.  4,  east 
crosscut  No.  x  is  advanced  422  feet.  Repairs  to  the 
north  Ifiteral  drift  in  progress. 

Mrxican.— On  the  1465  level  ata  point  70  feet 
south  from  west  crosscut  No.  4,  west  crosscut  No. 
5  is  advanced  75  feet  in  porphyry  carrying  quartz 
showing  valu^?. 

OPHTR.  —  Oa  the  1300  level  in  drifting   southwest 


above  the  south  drift  from  the  end  of  the  east  cross- 
cut from  the  shaft  station,  the  ore  streak  followed  in 
that  direction  has  changed  into  quartz  of  low   value. 

Con.  California  &  Virginia. — The  1300  and 
1500  levels  continue  to  yield  the  usual  quantity  of 
ore.  ■  Shipped  to  the  Morgan  mill  1092  tons  of  ore 
and  to  the  Eureka  1419  tons;  battery  sample  assays 
showing  an  average  value  of  $23.25  per  ton;  2407 
tons  milled.  Bullion  valued  at  $13,106.73  shipped  to 
the  Carson  Mint,  and  about  $62,000  on  hand  in 
local  assay  office. 

Scorpion. — The  southwest  drift  from  the  630 
level  shaft  station  is  advanced  610  feet  and  contm- 
ues  in  porphyry. 

Andes.— A  420  level  west  crosscut  160  feet'north 
of  the  shaft  is  in  42  feet.  The  face  is  in  low-grade 
quartz.  The  350  level  west  crosscut  is  extended  246 
feet,  the  face  still  in  porphyry. 

Savage. — Shipped  505  tons  of  ore,  showing  an 
average  value  of  $22  by  battery  sample  assays. 
Nothing  npw  in  300  level. explorations. 

Hale  &  Norcross. — A  1300  level  north  line 
east  crosscut  is  in  45  feet,  showing  porphyry  and  low- 
grade  quartz.  Shipped  1125  tons  of  ore  during  the 
week,  showing  an  average  value  of  $18.50  per  ton 
by  battery  sample  assays. 

Ward  Combination  Shaft. — The  1800  level, 
east  dritt  is  out  395  feet;  the  face  continues  in  por- 
phyry. 

Chollar. — Extracted  449  tons  of  ore,  battery 
sample  assays  showing  a  value  of  $21.32  per  ton. 

POTOSI.— On  the  930  level  the  winze  is  down  134 
feet,  the  bottom  principally  in  quartz  giving  low  as- 
says. Sinking  the  winze  is  suspended  pending  the 
setting  up  of  a  hoist  plant  at  the  top. 

Alpha.  — The  600  level  west  crosscut  is  in  165  feet, 
the  face  in  quartz. 

FxcHEQUEK. — The  500  level  north  line  east  cross- 
cut is  in  210  feet,  and  continues  in  quartz  and  por- 
phyry. 

Con.  New  York. — The  north  drift  from  the  top 
of  the  raise  above  the  800  level  is  out  35  feet,  the 
face  in  low-grade  quartz. 

Silver  Hill. — Xhe  east  drift  from  the  winze  be- 
low the  800  level  is  out  75  feet,  the  face  showing 
bunches  of  fair-grade  quartz. 

Imperial. — The  joint  Challenge-Confidpnce  looo 
level  north  drift  is  out  222  feet  from  the  north  line  of 
the  South  Challenge,  the  face  in  porphyry.  The  750 
level  west  crosscut  No.  3  is  in  145  feet,  the  face  in 
quartz  and  porphyry. 

Yellow  Jacket. — Shipped  570  tons  of  ore  show- 
ing average  assay  value  of  $21  by  battery  sample  as- 
says. 

Crown  Point. — Shipped  during  the  week  619 
tons  of  ore,  showing  an  average  value  of  $20.52  per 
ton  by  pulp  assays.  A  west  drift  from  the  400  level 
raise  is  out  52  feet.  Ore  shipments  suspended  on 
account  of  high  water  in  the  Carson  river  flooding 
the  mills. 

Confidence  &  Challenge. — The  joint  Imperi- 
al 1000  level  west  crosscut  No.  2  is  in  266  feet,  the 
face  in  vein  matter  and  the  bottom  in  ore.  Thejoint 
Imperial  raise  above  the  700  level  north  drift  is  in 
low-grade  quartz.  West  crosscut  No.  2,  same  level, 
is  in  103  feet;  the  face  continues  in  low-grade  quartz. 

Belcher.  —  The  200  level  west  crosscut  has 
reached  the  west  wall.  Have  started  a  north  drift 
following  the  vein.  The  850  level  joint  east  cross- 
cut is  out  483  feet,  the  face  still  in  solt  porphyry  and 
clay.  A  200  level  west  crosscut  No.  3  is  being  ad- 
vanced to  cut  the  continuation  of  the  Crown  Point 
300  level  stope.  The  1300  level  east  crosscut  is  in  30 
feet  in  low-grade  quartz. 

Seg.  Belcher. — The  800  level  west  crosscut  is  in 

45  feet,  the  face  in  porphyry  and  quartz. 
Justice. — During  the  week  crushed  200  tons  of 

ore  showing  a  value  of  $27.13  per  ton  by  battery 
sample  assays.  The  raise  above  the  622  level  con- 
tinues in  low-grade  quartz.  The  bottom  of  the  winze 
below  this  level  is  still  in  good  ore. 

Alta. — The  ore  output  this  week'was  350  tons, 
showing  an  average  assay  value  of  $22,75  P^^  ton  by 
pulp  assays. 

Overman.  —  Shipped  260  tons  of  ore  during  the 
week,  showing  an  average  value  of  $23  25  per  ton  by 
battery  sample  assay*:.  The  northwest  drift  contin- 
ues in  low-grade  quartz.     The  incline  winze  is  down 

46  feet  below  the  1200  level,  ore  still  showing  in  the 
bottom. 

Utah. — On  the  725  level  west  drift  is  advanced 
252  feet  from  the  shaft.  At  a  point  225  feet  west  of 
the  shaft  a  south  drift  is  advanced  80  feet,  the  face 
in  vein  porphyry  and  quartz- 

Occidental  Con. — Continue  to  extract  ore  of 
good  quality  from  the  stopes  on  the  400  and  450 
levels.  In  the  550  level  north  line  west  cros'cut  the 
winze  is  down  27  feet,  the  bottom  showing  bunches 
of  good  oi'C.  The  550  level  north  line  crosscut  has 
been  stopped  until  better  ventilation  is  secured.  The 
650  level  main  north  drift  is  extended  106  feet,  show- 
ing low-grade  quartz. 

North  Occidental.  —  Work  confined  to  re- 
pairs. 

Best  &  Belcher.— On  the  1200  level,  a:  a  point 
in  the  north  drift  410  feet  from  the  shaft,  west  cross- 
cut No.  2  ii  cleaned  out  and  repaired  20  feet. 

Gould  &:  Curry.— On  the  200  level  the  south 
drift  from  west  crosscut  No.  i  is  extended  85  feet. 
Formation,  porphyry  with  streaks  of  quartz. 

Euretea  DI strict- 

A  New  Mining  Deal. — Sentinel,  M^y  31:  An 
arrangement  is  pending  between  Prospect  Mountain 
Tunnel  Co.,  and  the  owners  of  the  Silver  Connor 
mine  to  connect  the  mine  with  the  tunnel.  The 
tunnel  has  an,  upraise  in  the  direction  of  the  Sjlver 
Connor  several  hundred  feet  in  length.  From  the 
head  of  this  upraise  to  the  lowest  workings  of  the 
Silver  Connor  mine  is  a  distance  of  350  feet.  The 
running  of  this  350  feet  is  all  that  has  to  be  done  to 
give  the  mine  the  advantage  of  working  through  the 
tunnel.  It  is  thought  that  an  arrangement  can  be 
perfected  at  an  early  day  whTeby  the  two  properties 
will  be  mutually  advantageous  to  each  other.  If  a 
satisfactory  consolidation  of  the  two  properties  can- 
not be  brought  about,  then  an  understanding  on  the 
basis  of  a  royalty  for  the  use  of  the  tunnel  is  believed 
to  be  practicable.  In  any  event  the  parties  are 
earnestly  negotiating,  and  it  is  more  than  probable 
that  an  agreement  will  be  speedily  reached.  The 
Silver  Connor,  which  is  already  a  mine  of  establish- 
ed value,  can  be  worked  to  a  depth  of  1200  feet 
through  the  tunnel.  With  the  pending  deal  con- 
summated, another  good  and  paying  property  of 
very  considerable  magnitude  will  be  added  to  our 
list  of  bullion  producers. 

Ore  Shipments, — There  were  555  tons  of  ore 


During  this  month  the  shipments  to  Salt  Lake  have 
3-ggregated  2000  tons. 

Freibure  District. 
Prospects.— White  Pine  News,  May  31:  P.  N. 
Hansen,  who  has  been  out  at  Freiburg  for  the  past 
two  years  developing  the  mines  of  that  district,  was 
in  town  several  days  this  week.  Freiburg  is  about 
125  miles  south  of  here,  and  was  prospected  and 
worked  years  ago  by  C.  C.  Goodwin,  now  of  the 
Salt  Lake  Tribune.  The  surveys  of  the  western  ex- 
tension of  the  Union  Pacific  railroad  run  within  one 
mile  of  the  mines,  and  when  the  road  reaches  there, 
Freibu'g  is  sure  to  become  one  of  the  most  pros- 
perous mining  camps  in  the  State.  While  the  ores 
are  mostly  low  grade,  the  deposits  are  large  and 
contain  just  the  necessary  fiuxes  for  smelting.  The 
ores  are  carbonate  found  in  porphyry  between 
quarlz  and  limestone,  and  average  irom  30  to  50 
ounces  in  silver  per  ton  and  40  to  50  per  cert  in 
lead.     There  is  now  on  the  dumps  from  the  several 


erly  from  the  top  of   the  raise  carried  up  28  feet    shipped  over  the  E.  &  P.  railroad  during  the  week. 


mines  from  150010  1800  tons  of  ore  that  will  aver- 
age the  figures  slated,  besides  any  quantity  of  the 
s 'me  kind  in  sight  ready  for  extraction.  George 
Ernst  of  Belmont  has  also  some  promising  mines 
there,  the  richest  being  the  Shonti,  which  goes  from 
200  to  800  ounces  in  silver  and  40  per  cent  in  lead. 
Considerable  ore  has  been  shipped  from  this  mine. 
Though  the  couniry  is  generally  very  dry,  Mr. 
Hansen  t^lls  us  be  ran  a  tunnel  this  winter  300  fef>t 
in  porphyry  and  got  a  fine  stream  of  water,  suffi- 
cient lor  all  the  needs  of  the  camp. 

Ploche  District. 

The  Yuba.— Pioche  Record.  May  28:  Having 
been  tendered  an  invitation  by  Supt.  Sam  Godbe  to 
visit  the  underground  workings  of  the  Yuba,  we 
repaired  to  the  tunnel  level  of  the  mine,  some  300 
feet  from  the  surface,  and  accompanied  our  guide 
some  60  feet  east  of  the  shaft,  until  the  flickering 
rays  of  our  candles  brought  to  view  4  feet  2  inches, 
actual  measurement,  of  ore,  that  we  were  informed 
averaged  60  oz.  silver,  25  per  cent  lead  and  %  oz. 
gold.  From  our  knowledge  of  the  general  charac- 
teristics of  the  Yuba  ore. we  have  no  reason  to  doubt 
the  authenticity  of  the  figures.  Having  satisfied  our 
curiosity  in  regard  to  the  8th  level,  we  dropped 
down  to  the  830  where  the  ledge  is  smaller,  but 
richer,  2  feet  of  ore  being  in  sight  that  averages  300 
oz.  in  silver  and  50  per  cent  lead.  The  ore  at  this 
point  is  clean,  having  a  dark  glossy  appearance 
which  resemb'es  black  metal.  We  next  visited  the 
9th  level  where  the  ore  has  undergone  a  change, 
it  being  free- milling  quartz,  the  ledge  being 
5  feet  between  walls.  Mr.  Lloyd  places  the 
average  of  this  ore  at  50  oz.  per  ton.  From  the  gh 
to  the  loth  levels  we  noticed  another  change  in  the 
character  of  the  ore  body,  the  ledge  the  greater  part 
of  the  distance  being  fully  9  feet  in  width,  the  ore 
b  ing  z  nc  blende  and  galena  that  assays  from  30  to 
80  oz.  per  ton  and  carries  25  per  cent  lead.  From 
the  loth  to  the  nth  the  same  character  of  ore  is 
encountered,  the  ledge,  however,  being  smaller,  4 
feet  being  about  an  average.  We  examined  the 
ledge  at  our  leisure  between  the  nth  and  12th  levels, 
where  considerable  work  has  been  done, and  found  it 
to  average  4  feet,  more  than  half  of  it  being  free 
smelting,  and  the  remaind*^r  good  concentrating  ore. 
The  clean  smelting  ore  averages  130  oz.  silver  and  50 
per  cent  lead,  and  the  concentrating  25  oz.  in  silver 
and  20  per  cent  lead.  We  next  visited  the  13th 
level,  which  is  the  deepest  point  in  the  mine,  and 
from  where  a  prospecting  drift  of  iro  feet  has  been 
completed  to  cut  the  ledge;  the  vein  matter  when 
uncovered  at  this  point  did  not  show  much,  but 
after  drifting  25  feet  the  same  chimney  of  free 
smelting  ore  that  is  exposed  on  the  12th  was  en- 
countered, average  samples  from  2  feet  assaying 
100  cz.  silver  and  30  per  cent  lead.  At  this  writ- 
ing the  hanging-wall  has  not  been  reached  at  this 
point. 

ARIZONA. 

JOHflNrE  Bull.— Tombstone  Prospector,  Mav 
28;  William  Henry  of  Stein's  Pass  made  a  very 
rich  strike  last  week  in  the  Johnnie  Bull  mine,  which 
he  has  been  working.  At  a  depth  of  264  feet  a 
blind  ledge  was  encountered  running  at  right  angles 
to  the  copper  vein  on  which  he  was  sinking.  The 
ledge  is  five  feet  wide,  and  is  what  is  known  as  sand 
carbon  ites.  An  average  of  the  ore  was  taken  to 
N-w  York  by  Mr.  H  nry.  who  wrote  back  to  a 
friend  that  the  ore  would  go  82  ounces  silver  and 
carried  40  per  cent  lead.  Mr.  Henry  is  backed  by 
ample  capital,  and  will  erect  extensive  concentrat- 
ing works  between  the  mine  and  Galeyville.  The 
latter  point  is  but  12  miles  from  the  Johnnie  Bull, 
and  there  is  an  abundance  of  water  between  the  two 
points.  G.  H.  Montgomery  of  the  Chiricahua 
mountains,  whose  ranch  and  mining  interests  are 
below  Gileyville,  is  in  town  and  reports  some  ac- 
tivity in  mining  matters  in  that  locality.  A  New 
York  company  is  working  the  Texas  mine,  and  on 
the  r7th  of  the  present  month  struck  the  ledge  in 
the  face  of  a  tunnel  at  a  depth  of  250  feet.  They 
are  into  the  ledge  over  ten  feet,  and  there  is  no  sign 
of  the  hanging-wall  as  yet.  Mr.  Miller  of  the 
Rhode  Island  Co.  is  working  a  small  number  of 
men  and  is  taking  out  good  ore. 

%MM^^.— Silver  Belt,  May  26:  The  total  bull- 
ion shipments  by  the  Fame  Silver  Mining  Co., 
from  ore  recently  worked  at  the  Centennial  mill, 
were  IS  bars  weighi-g  1785  pounds  or  about  26,- 
000  ounces.  The  Fame  is  maintaining  its  reputa- 
tion as  one  of  the  best  silver  mines  in  Arizona. 

OOLOKADO. 

Strike  IN  the  O.  K.— A<;pen  Times,  May  29; 
Manager  C.  W.  Ellis  of  the  O.  K.  is  just  now  high- 
ly pleased  over  a  new  discovery  in  that  property. 
The  O.  K.  has  been  a  producer  of  small  quantities 
of  ore  for  a  long  time,  but  until  within  a  few  day=, 
nothing  has  been  found  that  looks  like  a  big  strike. 
Now,  however,  there  is  a  face  of  ore  showing  that 
promises  to  m^ke  the  property  a  payer  of  large  divi- 
dends. Mr.  Ellis  has  been  at  work  for  some  time 
and  has  just  opened  what  appears  to  be  a  continu- 
ation of  the  main  ore-chute  of  the  Dollar.  He  finds 
it  at  a  point  that  is  a  little  above  a"nd  some  40  or  50 
feet  south  of  the  drift  that  reaches  across  the  Dollar, 
connecting  the  O.  K.  with  the  Justice  incline.  He 
is  running  a  level  that  is  about  10  feet  east  of  his 
west  side  line,  and'in  this  he  struck  ore  a  few  days 
ago.  It  had  opened  out  Monday  until  it  was  shown 
to  be  six  or  seven  feet  thick.  A  portion  of  it  ran 
over  loo  ounces  per  ton  and  all  averaged  up  close 
to  60  ounces.     He  has  every  reason  to  believe  that 


JoNE  7,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


3al 


this  will  prove  to  t>e  one  of  the  big  strikes  of  the 
Park,  as  the  ore  chute  has  b«eo  followed  far  enough 
in  the  Dollar  to  show  that  it  is  continuous  and  that 
it  is  probably  us  rich  where  it  crosses  into  the  O.  K. 
as  where  it  has  been  developed. 

Coke  Ovens.— Elk  Mountain  /'//i'/,  May  38: 
Work  will  be  commenced  at  once  on  the  erection  of 
30  new  coke  ovens  by  the  C.  G.  &  I.  Co.,  in 
this  town.  General  Supt.  S  S,  Kanisey  was  here 
yesterday,  accompanied  by  his  wile.  J.  J.  Kickard 
of  Greensburg,  Pa.,  who  will  have  the  contract  to 
build  the  ovens,  was  also  here  looking  over  the 
ground.  Also  in  the  party  were  A.  C.  Weimer,  S. 
G.  kickard  and  J.  D.  Best,  all  old  friends  of  Mr. 
Ramsey  from  Grcenhburg,  I*:u 

BRITISH  COLUMBIA. 

Good  News  for  Mineks.— Kamloops  Scnlintl, 
May  31:  We  are  glad  to  learn  that  the  Frovii.eial 
Government  has  made  arrangements  by  which  the 
payment  of  $105  required  on  the  location  of  a  min- 
eral claim  within  the  railway  belt,  will  not  be  ex- 
acted until  after  the  localee  shall  have  proved  his 
ledge  and  applied  tor  his  crown  grant  This  re- 
moves a  s*Tious  obstacle  In  the  way  of  prospecting 
within  that  Territory.  The  question  was  agitating 
the  public  mind  while  the  Premier  was  visiting 
Kootenay  last  week,  and  was  the  principal  subject 
of  discussion.  The  prompt  action  of  ihe  Govern- 
ment in  having  the  grievance  complained  of  re- 
moved will  be  iuUy  appreciated  by  the  miners. 

DAKOTA. 

Ikon  Hill. — Deadwood  Ptomer,  May  31:  Two 
wagons  heavily  laden  with  silver  bullion  came  in 
from  the  Iron  Hill  smeller  yesterday,  and  un- 
loaded at  the  First  National  bank.  There  is  now 
at  the  bank  288  bars,  weighing  about  13  tons.  Sev- 
eral tons  have  already  been  hauled  to  W'hitewood 
and  several  hundred  bars  are  still  at  the  smelter, 
which  is  still  in  blast. 

IDAHO. 


Stkikb.— Idaho  [!'<'/■/</,  May  31:  A  rich  strike 
has  been  made  in  the  I'r.de  of  Idaho  mine,  about 
one-lourth  of  a  mile  above  the  Elkhorn.  Hugh  Tur- 
ner a  few  years  ago  made  a  big  cleanup  from  ore 
irom  this  mine,  and  if  the  rich  ore  continues  coming 
out  as  rapidly  as  it  is  now,  some  big  cleanups  will  be 
made  this  year.  There  are  several  very  rich  mines 
in  the  Elkhorn  district  that  should  b.ive  mills  on 
them;  but  as  most  of  them  are  in  the  hands  of  pros- 
pectors, we  cannot  expect  to  see  new  mills  go  up  un- 
til the  money  is  made  out  of  the  mines  or  they  pass 
into  the  hands  of  men  with  sufficient  means  to  go 
ahead  and  not  be  afraid  to  push  work.  Three  or 
lour  of  them  are  now  owned  by  a  Boston  company 
that  seems  to  bewailing  for  them  to  take  fresh  root 
and  grow. 

A  Tunnel  Scheme.— Silver  City  Avalanche, 
May  31:  Since  the  early  days  of  this  camp,  the 
idea  has  been  advanced  that  a  tunnel  commencing 
in  ihe  south  branch  of  Sinker  creek,  about  one 
mile  east  of  War  Eagle  mountain,  and  run  in  a 
norihwesterly  direction,  would  strike  the  mines  of 
that  mountain  at  a  depth  of  about  1500  feet.  It  is 
now  proposed  to  do  this.  The  tunnel  will  be  com- 
menced at  a  point  in  South  Sinker,  a  mile  due 
southeast  of  the  Minnesota  mine,  and  will  be  run 
that  distance  in  a  northwest  direction.  It  will  be 
seven  feet  high  and  six  feet  wide  in  the  clear,  with 
a  drain  race  in  the  boiiora  four  feet  wide  and  three 
ftet  deep.  The  tunnel  will  be  run  with  Burleigh 
drills,  with  electric  power,  which  will  be  supplied 
by  a  very  large  dynamo,  run  by  water-power  part 
of  the  year  and  by  steam-power  the  balance  of  the 
time.  It  is  also  intended  to  supply  Silver  City 
with  lights,  by  wire  run  from  the  dynamo  to  town. 
U  is  estimated  that  the  tunnel  can  be  run  to  cut 
War  Eagle  mountain  at  the  depth  mentioned  for 
about  $155,000,  but  10  make  success  doubly  sure, 
a  working  capital  of  $225,000  will  be  raised,  which 
it  is  thought  will  extend  the  tunnel  siilt  farther  into 
the  mountain  than  is  now  contemplated  to  do.  Il 
is  expected  that  the  tunnel  will  be  completed  within 
two  years  at  most.  The  object  of  prosecuting  this 
enterprise  is  to  work  the  lodes  already  discovered, 
and  to  find  new  ones.  When  the  lodes  on  the 
Oro  Fino  hne  shall  have  been  cut,  driits  will  be 
commenced  by  the  owners  of  those  mines,  ore  ex- 
tracted and  run  into  a  large  mill,  which  will  be 
erected  near  the  mouth  of  the  tunnel,  and  for  the 
erection  of  which  capital  will  be  raised,  and  the  mill 
erected  by  the  time  the  lodes  are  cut.  This  mill 
will  be  erected  below  the  tunnel  about  300  feet,  and 
will  be  run  the  vear  round  by  water  from  the  south 
fork  of  Sinker  creek,  and  the  four-loot  drain  in  the 
tunnel,  by  means  of  Pelton  wheels.  The  estimated 
amount  of  ore  expected  to  be  milled  before  the 
lode  first  cut  is  exhausted  is  about  2,000,000  tons. 
The  tunnel  company  will  charge  for  running  the 
ore  out  of  the  tunnel  to  the  mill,  a  royalty  of  $2  per 
ton,  so  that  the  ore  will  cost  the  owners  of  the 
mines  above  mentioned  that  price  for  delivery  at 
the  mill.  The  company  will  then  pay  all  wear  and 
tear  of  machinery  in  working  the  same.  Of  course 
the  mine-owners  will  have  to  mine  the  ores,  so  that 
the  tunnel  company  will  be  at  no  expense  other 
than  running  the  ore  to  the  mill.  By  this  manner 
of  mining  it  is  thought  that  the  mine-owners  will 
mine  and  mill  their  ores  at  a  cost  of  not  more  than 
$7  per  ton,  which  will  leave  them  a  very  hand- 
some profit. 

Quart/..— ^z'(7/<2«^//6',  May  30:  The  discovery 
of  a  quartz  lode  was  made  by  Mr.  J.  F.  Sullivan 
during  the  week  nearly  a  mile  beyond  the  summit  o 
Long  Gulch,  which  looks  well.  He  has  not  yet  had 
lime  to  prospect  the  lode,  but  so  far  as  developed  it 
is  about  six  feet  wide.  This  is  a  new  district  or  sec- 
tion in  which  no  lodes  have  been  heretofore  found 
and  may  lead  to  the  discovery  of  other  lodes  of  great 

value.  ,  L  .    •  1- 

Placers.— It  is  rumored  around  town  that  rich 
placer  diggings  have  been  found  in  the  immediate 
■vicinity  of  Quicksilver  mountain  in  this  county. 
That  gold  has  been  found  in  that  section  there  can  be 
little  doubt,  as  in  the  early  days  of  this  camp  some  was 
washed  out.  Whether  there  are  any  extensive  gold 
fields  so  near  home  is  a  question  yet  to  be  deter- 
mined, but  from  our  knowledge  of  the  country, 
gaiqed  from  old  prospectors,  we  are  inclined  to  say 

"°i3LACK  Jack:.  —  Supt.  E.  H.  Dewey  informs  us 
that  the  crosscut  to  cut  the  Black  Jack  and  Empire 
State  mines  is  in  very  hard  ground,  but  that  ht  hopes 
soon  to  have  the  air  compressor  in,  when  better 


headway  will  be  made.  He  has  had  a  good  wagon- 
road  constructed  on  the  hillside  up  Blue  gulch  to  the 
tunnel,  over  which  all  supplies  will  be  hauled  to  the 
crosscut  or  tunnel. 

LOWER    UALIFORNIA. 

San  David. — The  original  location  on  this  vein 
showed  a  heavy  outcrop  of  low-grade  ore.  Kecently 
a  parallel  vein  was  struck  which  has  given  the  cKiim 
great  value.  The  new  diacovery  has  been  opened  on 
the  croppings  for  200  feet,  to  a  depth  ol  lafeet, 
and  150  tons  of  ore  extracted  that  pays  not  less 
than  $20  per  ton.  Unfortunately,  like  other  good 
veins,  it  is  hindertd  from  sinking  deeper  by  water 
unless  sutlicient  pumping  capacity  is  provided. 
.About  twenty  men  are  at  work  stripping  the  ledge 
and  sinking  shalts.  'Ihe  vein  for  its  full  length 
will  average  twenty  inches  wide. 

Telemaco.— 'Ihe  shaft,  65  feet  deep,  is  on  the 
70  degree  incline  of  the  ledge,  dipping  south.  The 
mine  has  shown  a  bold  outcrop,  having  ore  in  places 
eight  feet  thick.  It  will  average  four  leel  thick 
for  roo  (eet  in  length.  The  ore  is  laminated  in 
character,  showing  a  large  amount  ol  oxide  of  iron 
and  free  gold,  and  very  rich  decomposed  quartz  in 
seams.  Supt.  Rodda  is  now  at  work  putting  up  a 
substantial  hoisting  works  and  steam  pump  to  drain 
the  mine. 

Penelope. — A  contract  for  sinking  an  almost 
vertical  shaft  of  70  feet  was  completed  last  week.  A 
crosscut  in  the  bottom  shows  a  ledge  four  feet 
thick.  By  far  the  greater  part  of  custom  ore  in 
camp  is  milled  by  Col.  Lane.  His  mill  was  repaired 
and  started  running  ou  the  9th,  and  for  the  week 
ending  the  16th  Col,  Lane  reports  the  amount  of 
custom  ore  worked  as  69  tons,  718  pounds,  yielding 
148  oz..  9  dwt,  of  retorted  gold,  valued  at  $2969. 
This  makes  an  average  of  over  $42  per  ton.  The 
ten-stamp  El  Paso  mill  is  kept  running  night  and 
day  on  Elsiuore  rock.  The  Torres  Co.  has  been 
reorganized  under  the  name  of  the  Santa  Clara 
Mining  and  Milling  Co.,  composed  of  Messrs.  H. 
M.  kussell,  Thos.  Rhodes  and  H.  Edwin  Moore. 
Their  five-stamp  mill  will  be  started  next  week.  All 
the  mines  being  worked  by  •  private  parties  and 
smaller  companies  are  doing  well  and  lots  of  gold 
is  being  taken  out. 

Alamo.— Cor.  Lower  Californian,  May  29:  Di- 
rectly and  indirectly  thi;  Princesa  and  Colonization 
Companies  have  150  men  in  their  employ,  almost 
halt  of  whom  are  tributers,  who  seem  satisfied  with 
the  conditions  of  contracts  and  leases,  and  are 
making  money.  The  company's  mill  is  Hunting- 
ton's patent  centrifugal,  working  14  tons  per  day. 
On  this  class  of  ore  the  mill  does  very  good  work 
and  is  kept  steadily  running,  although  the  ore  is  now 
charged  with  sulphurets;  and  I  should  think  it  ad- 
visable to  concentrate  the  sulphurets  now  being 
piled  in  tailings.  The  Princesa  Co.,  Limited,  in- 
corporated with  eight  mines — the  Princesa,  Cocinero, 
Ulises,  San  David,  Gragdisima,  Moran,  Iron  Mask 
and  Spider.  The  principal  ones  worked  are  the 
Princesa,  Ulises  and  San  David.  Assessment  work 
only  has  bten  done  on  the  rest.  The  Colonization 
Co.  is  working  nine  mines,  of  which  the  Telemaco 
and  Penelope  are  chief.  The  others  are  merely 
prospects. 

Ulises. — The  shaft  is  100  feet  deep,  and  a  cross- 
cut was  started  in  the  bottom,  but  had  not  struck 
the  ledge  in  December,  when  the  overflow  of  water 
overcame  the  steam  pump.  The  company  now 
proposes  to  erect  powerful  machinery  on  this  shaft, 
the  largest  steam  pump  in  camp  being  now  on  the 
ground.  The  vein  at  the  bottom  of  the  Indian 
shaft  is  one  foot  thick  in  well-defined  walls  and 
pays  $50  per  ton. 


List  of  D.  S.  Patents  for  Pacific  Coast 
Inventors. 

Reported  by  Dewey  &  Co.,  Pioneer  Patent 
doiicltora  for  Paclflc  Ooeat. 

FOR  WEEK  ENDING  .MAV  27.   189O. 

428.739.— Window  Ventilator  — P.  Abraham- 
son,  S.  F. 

428,587,— Hydrocarbon  Burneik  —  Avery  & 
Smith,  San  Diego,  C.il. 

428.588  — TiME.PiECE  Dial— W.  W.  Barra't, 
Portland,  M^. 

428,829.  -Hydraulic  Motor— H.  P.  Christian- 
sen, Oakland,  Cal. 

428,898. -Bridle— G,  T.  Duncan,  Tacomri, 
Wash. 

429.026.— Car-Coupling-F.  a.  Fox.  S  F. 

428.673.— Candlestick  —  Gavin  &  Cromer, 
Kureka,  Cal.  * 

428  750.— Coin  Actuated  Attachment  for 
PiiuNfiGKAPHS- Glass  &  Arnold.  S.  F. 

428751.- Coin  Actuated  Attachment  for 
PnoNtiGKAi'Hs- Glass  &  Arnold,  S.  F. 

428,840. —Crate— G.  T.  Hall,  Monrovia,  Cal. 

^,28.777. — Gate— F.  J.  Johnston,  Sacramento, 
Cal. 

428,757.— Railway  Rail  Joint— Jos.  P.  Kelly, 
S.  F. 

428.733 —Si'Ike-Making  Mechanism  —  S 
Urcn,  Sicramenio,  C-tl. 

428.986.— Overflow  Slop-Hopper  —  E.  W. 
Williams.  S.  F. 

428,708.— Spreader  for  Drai-t  Chains— S. 
P.  ik  E.  Windsor,  Madison,  Cal. 

Tbo  toUowin^  brief  list  by  telegraph,  for  June  3,  will 
appear  more  complete  on  receipt  of  mftU  advices: 

California- Percy  Beamiali,  S.  F.,  carpet-fastener; 
Heniy  A.  Bond,  LosAnKtlee,  tourlata'  head  reet;  Joseph 
Davy,  Oakland,  and  J.  T.  Dafaa,  S.  F.,  box-fastener; 
Georfre  E.  Day  and  E.  H.  Cole,  8.  K.,  wave-force  pump; 
Charlea  N.  Earl.  Los  ALgelea,  sand-box  for  water  cou- 
duita;  Charles  W.  Elkins.  Palermo,  and  W.  C.  and  S. 
Foreman,  Bldwell'a  Bar,  fiult-pittlng  machine;  James  I. 
Kingead,  S  P.,  portable  windlabs;  Joel  B.  Low,  S.  F., 
railway  car:  Willard  F.  Nigbtiopale,  Latrobe,  axle  eet; 
Owen  T.  Owens,  S.  F.,  aBslgnor  to  Benicla  Agricultural 
Works,  Benicia,  draft  aud  laud  gauK'i  for  plows;  Lucinda 
M.  PiersoD,  Golela,  remedy  for  ulpatheria;  Mary  E. 
Tlirall,  Riverside,  clo.hespin;  Andre^v  9.  Wadleigh,  S. 
F.,  can-head  cutter.  Washington —Nels  Nolaon,  asaiKnor 
of  one-half  to  J.  J.  Woatherway,  Aberdeen,  Bnap-hook 
Oregon- Benjamin  F.  Fuller.  McMinnviile,  clothes-drier. 

NoTB.— Copies  of  U.  S.  and  Foreign  patents  furnished 
by  Dewey  &  Co.,  in  the  shortest  time  possible  (by  mall 
or  telegraphic  order).  American  and  Foreign  patents 
obtained,  and  general  patent  business  for  Pacitio  Coast 
inventors  transacted  with  perfect  security,  at  reasonable 
rates,  and  in  the  shortest  possible  time. 


to  bo  operated  by  a  suitable  coin  deposited 
properly,  and  eapecially  to  an  attaohment  of 
this  class  iatended  to  be  operated  Id  cooDectioD 
with  a  phonograph.  The  objaot  of  the  inven- 
tioD  is  to  provide  a  suitable  devioe  by  whioh 
the  phonograph  may  be  exhibited  and  heard  by 
aay  one  upoa  the  deposit  of  a  aaitable  ooio. 

COI.N-AtTUATINO    ATTACUMENT    KOR    PHOND* 

0RAPH3.— Louis  (ilMB  and  Wm.  S.  Arnold, 
S.  F  ,  assiRDora  to  R.  W.  Smith.  Nd.  42S.751. 
Dated  M^y  '27,  1890.  Tbia  devioe  beloDgi  to 
the  aame  class  aa  the  preoediog,  and  differs 
from  it  only  Id  the  ooDstructloD  and  arrange- 
meat  of  partr,  by  wbioh  the  deposited  coin  is 
enabled  to  set  the  phonograph  in  operation  and 
open  the  oommnnioatioa  butweeo  the  apeota- 
ole  of  the  phonograph   and  the  hearing  tabes. 


MONTANA 

Boulder  Notes.— ^^t-,  May  31:  Another  rich 
strike  is  reported  in  the  Hiawaihd.  mine.  Cataract 
district.  A  carload  of  ore  from  the  Mollie  Mc- 
Gregor mine  went  to  Helena  the  past  week  by  the 
Northern  Pacific  road,  Messrs,  Hight,  Fairfield 
&  Honaker  are  taking  up  the  bond  on  the  Obelisk 
mine  of  Jo  McNally,  near  Bisin.  Eight  bars  of 
Holter  bullion  came  down  from  Elkhorn  the  past 
week  lor  shipment  East  by  the  Northern  Pacific  Ex- 
press Co.  Mining  properties  in  the  Amazon  dis- 
trict continue  to  improve  and  there  is  every  proba- 
bility that  the  district  will  shortly  become  one  of 
the  most  noted  in  the  country. 

NEW  MEXICO. 

Concentrates.  —  Western  Liberal,  May  28: 
The  Standard  Mutual  shipped  a  Ciiloid  of  ore  and 
a  carload  of  concentrates  to  the  Oford  Copper  t!!o. 
of  New  York  this  week,  J.  W.  Hughes  of  St.  Louis 
was  in  town  Monday  en  route  from  Clifton  to  Gila 
Bend.  Mr.  Hughes  was  in  Cliiton  to  expert  Ihe  In- 
gram group  of  mines  in  Gold  gulch,  on  which  he 
lias  bond  which  has  about  d,%  months  to  run.  Mr. 
Hughes  is  very  much  pleastd  with  the  looks  of  the 
property  and  thinks  he  will  have  a  rare  bargain, 

ORKGON. 

Rich  Gold  Specimens.  — Bedrock  Democrat. 
May  22:  At  the  Mrst  National  Bank  Cashier 
Parker  has  placed  on  exhibition  a  display  of  go'd 
quartz  specimens  of  rare  beauty  and  richness,  the 
product  of  the  mines  of  Baker  county.  Here  wilt  be 
seen  numerous  specimens  from  the  Virginia  mine  of 
Robinsonville,  40  miles  southeast  of  the  city,  the 
richest  discovery  of  gold  ore  ever  found  in  the 
Northwest.  From  this  mine  with  a  hand  mortar 
alone  upward  of  $io.ooo  has  been  taken  out.  Speci- 
mens from  the  famous  Connor  Creek  mines  are  also 
to  be  seen,  and  last  but  not  least  the  gold  nugget  of 
the  value  of  $420  picked  up  on  May  13th  in  the 
Boreman  placers  eight  miles  ea<:t  of  the  city,  attracts 
the  eye  of  all  lovers  of  the  beautiful. 

UTAH. 

The  Solid  Mdlddon.— Eureka  Chiefs  May  30: 
Some  nice-looking  quartz  from  the  botiom  of  the 
Solid  Muldoon  shaft  was  hoisted  Tuesday.  It  will 
probably  assay  way  up.  CoL  T.  P.  Murray  of  the 
Murray  Hill  Mining  Co..  which  has  a  bond  on  this 
and  other  claims,  the  property  of  Capi.  H.  D  prez- 
in,  came  down  Monday,  and  is  jubilant  over  the  ap- 
pearance of  the  prospect.  He  took  some  of  the 
quartz  in  to  the  city  for  assay.  The  shaft  is  being 
^unk  rapidly,  and  the  operators  fpel  confident  that 
they  are  very  close  to  a  large  body  of  ore. 


Notices  01  Recent  Patents. 

Among  the  patents  recently  obtaiaed  through 
Dewey  &  Co. 'a  Scientific  Press  U,  S,  and 
Foreign  Patent  Agency,  the  following  are 
worthy  of  special  mention: 

Spike-Making  Mechanism.— Stephen  Uren, 
Saoramento.  No.  428,733.  Dated  May  27, 
1890.  This  invention  relates  to  that  class  of 
spike-making  machinery  in  which  the  bar  is 
clamped  sidewise,  resting  upon  a  aaitable  die, 
and  its  tapering  point  is  made  by  the  action  ol 
a  email  wheel  or  roller  which  bears  down  upon 
it.  The  invention  is  properly  an  attachment 
to  a  bolt-heading  machine,  aa  it  has  been 
adapted  to  be  applied  readily  to  such  a  ma- 
chine, using  the  power-tranamitting  devices 
and  operative  parts,  such  aa  the  frame  and 
plunger  and  gage  of  aaid  machine,  to  e£fdcc 
eimllar  operations  in  connection  with  the  oper- 
ationa  of  the  spike-making  attachment.  The 
aubject  of  spike-making  has  lately  received 
more  consideration,  and  attention  haa  been 
more  particularly  directed  to  making  a  proper 
tapering  point  which  will  adapt  the  apike  to 
enter'  the  wood  and  hold  batter  without  break- 
ing the  fiber— a  point  whioh  la  of  greater  im- 
portance than  formerly  by  reason  of  the  use  of 
softer  wood  for  ties  as  material  becomes  scarcer. 
The  main  object  of  this  invention  is  to  form  a 
perfect  point  to  the  apike,  thus.insuring  its  beat 
uae  and  reaalta. 

Railway  Rail  Joint.— Joaeph  P.  Kelly,  S. 
P,  No.  428,757.  Dated  May  27,  1S90.  This 
invention  relates  to  that  clasa  of  railway  rail 
joints  in  which  the  end  of  one  rail  is  fit'fd 
directly  into  the  end  of  the  other  rail.  The 
invention  consists  in  the  novel  oonstruct'on  of 
the  adjacent  ends  or  terminals  of  the  raile. 
The  objact  of  the  invention  is  to  provide  a  sim- 
ple and  effective  joint  for  rails  which  will  avo.d 
Che  use  of  the  ordinary  fisb-platea,  and  which 
will  make  a  practically  continuoua  rail. 

Window  Ventilatou. — Peter  Abrahameon, 
S.  F.  No.  428.739.  Dated  May  27. 1S90.  This 
patent  relates  both  to  the  general  claaa  of  venti- 
latora  and  to  that  particular  claaa  wbioh  is  ex 
emplified  by  a  patent  issued  to  the  same  inventor 
Jan.  U,  1888,  and  in  which  two  separate  plates 
or  sheets  are  dO  arranged  in  a  frame  aa  to  leave 
a  paaaage  bat  ween  them  which  oommunicates 
at  the  bottom  with  one  side  and  at  the  top  with 
the  other  side.  The  objaot  of  this  invention 
is  to  provide  an  adjustable  ventilator  whioh  a 
purohaaer  can  obtain  without  special  meaanre- 
ment  of  hia  wlndow-caaing,  and  which  can  be 
made  to  adjustably  fit  any  wmdow-casing, 
adapted  to  ba  readily  inserted  and  as  readily 
removed  when  not  required.  Another  object 
is  to  provide  for  proteciing  the  opening  between 
the  meeting  rails  of  the  aaahes  when  separated. 
Coin-Actuated  Attachment  fob  Phono- 
QBAPHS.- Louis  Glass  and  Wm.  S.  Arnold, 
S  F  assignors  to  R.  W.  Smith.  No.  428,- 
750  Dited  May  27,  1890.  This  invention  re- 
lates generally  to  the  olaaa  of  devioea  dealgned 


The  Mining  Companies'   Financial 
Standing. 

The  following  is  the  financial  standing  on  the  first 
Monday  of  the  present  month  of  the  mining  com- 
panies listed  on  the  two  exchanges  in  this  city: 

•  Cash.  Debt. 

Alta $20,7S1  $ 

Alpha I&,3U3  

Andes 21.9*24  

Bodie  Cuu t'^-fiOS  

Benton  Con 88,260  

Bulcher 

Bolle  Ifllo 2,612 

Beet  &  Belcher 

Bulwer 7,185 

Bullion 17,631 

Chftllen^'e  Con 

Caledonia 6,781 

Chollar 25,(104 

Con.  Cal.  &  Virtfiiiia aS.uOl 

Confidence 

Con.  Imperial 

Con.  New  York •705 

Common  wealth 11,920 

Crocker 686 

Crown  Point 

Del  Mouto 

East  Sierra  Nevada 4,387 

Eureka "Ifi 

E\'hequor 8,770 

Oould  ci  Curr> '2,262 

Grand  I'rize 

Hiilu  a  Norcross ttl2,852 

Ilolmes 

Independence 2,24!) 

Julia 6,830 

Justice 1 3,225 

Koiituck 140 

Lady  Washington 15,957 

Locomotive 587 

North  Belle  lale 

North  Commo  a  wealth 

Mexican 

Mono 10,379 

Nav4Jo 

Nevada  Queen 

Occidtinial 

Ophir 32,3 '6 

Overman 32,032 

Peer 11,302 

Peerless 4  479 

PotoBi 22,418 

Savage tl.362 

Scorpion 6,042 

Seg.  Beloher  &  Mides 

Si.verHill '2,304 

Sierra  Nevada 2,210  

SilverKing 2,147  

Standard '7,7  [7 

St  Louia 359  

Syndicate 4,534  

Union  Cou ^lu  034  

Utali 12,441  

WeUon 774  

'Collecting  assessment. 
tMine  expenses  not  included, 

iMiD«  expenses  und  full  bullion  return  not  included. 
•'Bullion  at  Mint,  §11,080— miae  expanses  not  taken 
out 

tf 'Collecting  asseBsment— month's  mine  exponses  and 
bullion  output  not  in  luded. 

New  Incorporations. 

The  following  compdnies  have  been  incorporated, 
and  papers  filed  in  the  office  of  the  Superior  Court, 
Department  10,  San  Francisco: 

Amador  Canal  and  Improvement  Co,,  June 
2.  Capital  stock,  $[o,ouo,ooo.  Directors — W.  A. 
Keeper,  F.  P.  Bull,  John  C.  Quinn,  W.  H.  Davis 
and  C.  E.  Parks. 

Oakdale  Land  S:  Improvement  Co.,  Junes. 
Capital  stock,  $500,000.  Directors — Mendel  Esbere, 
A.  Roos,  M,  J.  Newniark,  B.  Ettinger,  J.  Ettinger, 
N.  S.  Harrold,  Louis  Kahn,  D,  S.  Rosenbaum  and 
Geo.  S.  Sperry. 

EllEL  TlCKET-REGrSTERING     PUNCH     CO.,June 

2.  Capital  stock,  $100,000.  Directors — E.  E. 
Eitel.  T.  M.  Sweet,  J.  W.  Dermody,  W.  D.  Eitel 
and  H.  R.  Judah. 

Women's  Educational  and  Industrial  Co., 
June  2.  Object,  the  increase  of  good-fellowship 
among  women,  in  order  to  promote  the  best  means 
of  securing  iheir  educational,  industrial  and  social 
advancement.  Directors— Margaret  Deane,  Han- 
nah M.  Solomons,  Mary  B.  West,  Jean  Parker, 
Emilie  E,  Kirketerp,  Harriet  M.  Skidmore,  Abbey 
Cheney,  Adflme  N.  Be'cher,  Ellen  A.  Milliken, 
Katherine  Peixotto  and  May  Lightbody. 


•44,457 


•4,067 


M4,3S1 


•1.8S2 


If)  311 
3  294 


20,525 
'L537 


fi,321 
0.071 
"2.57 

15  596 
*11,5.4 


*12  915 


Oar  Agents. 

OtJR  FarBNBS  can  do  much  In  aid  of  onr  paper  and  the 
jauae  of  practical  knowledge  and  science,  by  asaisting 
Agents  In  their  labors  of  canvassing,  by  lending  their  in- 
fluonoe  and  encouraging  favora.  We  Intend  to  send  none 
out  worthy  men. 

J.  C.  HoAQ— San  Francisco, 

R.  G.  Bailbt— San  Francisco. 

Samokl  Cliff— San  Luis  Obispo  Co. 

0.  J.  WADK—Cucamontco,  CaI. 

W.  ff.  Thkobalds— Los  Angeles  and  Orange  Go's. 

E.  B,  Takt— San  Joaquin  Co 

John  E.  Hibi.— San  Diego  Co. 

E.  H.  SciiAKFFLK— Ca.avorae  Co. 

Frank  S.  CHArm— Colusa  Co. 

J'HN  R.  BoYCK— Alameda  Co. 

\V.  B.  Frost — Meiced  and  Stanislaus  Co's. 

Gbo.  WiJiBOM— Sacramento  Co. 

T.  M.  Stackus— Sierra  Co. 

H.  Keli-ry— Modoc  Co. 

H.  B.  Parkkr— Del  Norte  Co. 

Wm.  H.  HibLB art —Oregon. 

B.  G.  Parsons- Oregon. 

R.  G.  HUBTON— Montana. 


38^ 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Mat  31,  1890 


n^ECHAJMIGAL  pROeRESS. 


A  New  Mode  of  Constkoctikg  Boilers. — 
Boilers  are  about  to  be  made  id  Eagland  to  con- 
sist of  a  aeries  of  weldlpss  riogB  joined  together 
by  rivete.  London  Engineer  eaya  that  Sir 
Joseph  Whitworth  &  Co.  have  in  contempla- 
tion the  erection  of  additional  works  in  the 
neighborhood  of  the  Manchester  Sbip  Canal, 
where  they  propose  introducing  an  important 
departure  from  the  present  practice  in  the 
erection  of  marine  and  other  boilers.  It  will 
be  remembered  that  at  the  recent  Manoheeter 
Exhibition  the  above  firm  exhibited  a  weldtess 
boiler  ring,  12  feet  diameter  by  6  feet  long, 
which  at  the  time  attracted  very  considerable 
attention;  and  at  their  new  works  it  is  their  in- 
tention to  lay  down  a  plant  for  the  constraction 
of  boilers  built  np  of  weldleaa  rings,  far  which 
it  ia  claimed  that  while  they  reduce  the  weight 
of  the  boiler  by  ^0  per  cent,  it  is  at  the  same 
time  kept  up  to  ita  full  strength.  So  far,  no 
marine  boilers  have  been  constrncted  on  thia 
principle,  but  that  there  is  no  difficulty  in 
the  manufacture  of  these  weldleaa  boiler  shells 
for  the  above  purpose  has  bf>en  evidenced  by 
what  Sir  Joseph  Whitworth  &  Oo  have  already 
accomplished.  In  some  instanoea  these  ihells 
would  go  np  to  14  feet  diameter,  and  the  prac- 
tically insurmountable  difficulty  of  oonveyiEg 
such  large  piicea  of  work  either  by  rail  or  road 
renders  it,  of  course,  necessary  that  works  for 
their  manufacture  should  be  placed  at  the 
water  side. 

Automatic  Printing  Press  Feeder  — A 
firm  in  London  haa  devised  and  put  in  oper- 
ation an  ingenious  arrangement  by  which  the 
operation  of  automatically  feeding  single  eheets 
of  paper  to  printing  machines  of  the  ordinary 
cylinder  pattern  or  two  feeder,  perfecting,  lith- 
ographic, or  ruling  machine,  is  sncoessfuUy 
carried  oat.  Tne  apparatus  is  the  invention  of 
Messrs.  Cleathero  &  Nichole,  of  23  Manchester 
avenue,  Aldersgate  street,  London.  By  ttiis 
apparatus  the  operation  of  automatically  sep- 
arating a  single  sheet  of  paper  from  the  balk 
and  laying  the  sheet  to  exact  register  iu  the 
grippers  of  the  machine  ia  perfectly  effected, 
To  carry  this  out,  two  boards  are  affixed  in  the 
uenal  position  on  the  sides  of  the  machine, 
which  sides  also  carry  two  vertical  sliding 
frames  surmounted  by  a  cross-head  which  Bup> 
porta  a  radial  beam  for  the  purpose  of  regulat- 
ing the  weight  or  pressure  upon  the  paper,  the 
apparatus  beiog  allowed  sufficient  play  on  the 
alidea  by  means  of  anti-friction  pulleys.  The 
motive-power  for  carrying  the  sheet  forward  is 
taken  by  means  of  a  chain-drive  from  the  shaft 
of  the  cylinder,  thus  insuring  that  no  sheet 
is  fed  except  in  accord  with  the  motion  of 
the  cylinder. 

Gas  and  Steam  in  the  Same  Cylinder. — 
In  a  paper  reoantly  read  before  the  French 
Academy  of  Sciences,  M.  Ch,  Tellier  spoke  of 
a  new  scheme  for  cheap  power,  by  which  he 
claims  to  be  able  to  produce  motive-power  by 
u?iog  a  combustible  gas,  employing  the  heat 
generated  by  its  explosion  to  gt-nerate  steam, 
and  the  use  of  the  vapor  of  ammonia.  When 
the  gas  has  operated  on  the  piston,  it  escapes  at 
a  temperature  of  about  400  degrees  into  a  gen- 
erator, where  steam  is  produced,  which  is  used 
to  act  upon  the  opposite  side  of  the  piston  from 
the  gaaes.  There  are  two  advantages  claimed  for 
this — the  high  temperature  due  to  combustion 
of  the  gas  prevents  cylinder  condensation,  and 
the  steam  assists  in  lubrication.  The  completed 
machine  for  which  this  claim  is  made  will  con- 
sist of  two  cylinderp,  one  making  its  forward 
stroke  under  the  action  of  the  explosive  gases, 
and  its  retnrn  stroke  by  the  action  of  steam; 
the  other  ia  operated  entirely  by  vapor  of  am- 
monia. Under  these  conditions,  says  M.  Tel- 
lier, there  can  be  no  doubt,  theoretically  or 
practically,  that  .44  pounds  of  coal  per  horse- 
power per  hour  is  an  economy  which  can  be 
secured. 

Casting  and  Forging. — The  great  distinc- 
tion which  has  heretofore  existed  between  cast* 
ing  and  forging  is  being  gradually  lessened. 
Press  forgiDg — forming  articles  by  pressing 
them  into  shape  in  a  red-hot  or  half-melted  con- 
dition— is  now  being  very  generally  introduced 
ail  over  the  world.  The  most  intricate  forma 
and  sharpest  lines  are  now  readily  produced  by 
recently  invented  machinery  capable  of  exert- 
ing thousands  of  tons  of  preeanre.  A  large 
number  of  the  smaller  articles  are  now  being 
made  on  this  principle  in  San  Francisco.  Pow- 
erful plungerf,  driven  by  hydraulic  or  other 
force,  forcing  or  *•  flawing"  the  heated  iron 
into  metallic  moldp,  simply  rcqaire  celerity  of 
action  to  prevent  cooling  by  radiation.  The 
ayetem  is  both  practical  and  economical  as  com- 
pared with  the  old  methods  of  casting  or  ham- 
mering. 

Why  the  South  Does  Not  Make  Steel. — 
According  to  a  communication  from  William 
B  Phillips  of  Birmingham,  Ala,,  inthe  Balletln 
of  the  American  Iron  and  Steel  Asanciation, 
the  chief  re.ason  why  the  South  does  not  make 
steel  is  a  matter  of  dollars  and  cents.  Fur- 
naoea  down  there  are  doing  so  well  on  foundry 
forge  and  mill  irons  tbat  the  inducement  to 
enter  into  the  production  cf  the  metal  in  its 
higher  forms  ia  as  yet  a  sentimental  appeal  to 
local  pride  and  the  spirit  cf  emulation.  So 
long  as  steel-makiog,  which  is  an  untried  ex- 
periment in  the  South,  with  an  outcome  to  be 
determined  by  a  contact  with  contingenoies, 
oan  offer  no  higher  rate  of  profit  than  ordinary 


pig  iron,  it  ia  not  to  be  expected  that  capital 
will  quit  the  beaten  track  of  manufacture,  now 
satisfactory  in  its  pecuniary  resnlta,  in  order  to 
demonstrate  a  capacity  for  a  wider  range  of  ac- 
complishment. 

Perforated  Saw  Blades  . — Perforated  blades 
for  band  and  circular  aawa  are  jaat  now  at- 
tracting attention  in  Germany,  and  are  appar- 
ently giving  general  aatiafaction.  Blades  of 
thia  character,  as  aome  of  our  readers  may 
know,  are  not  entire  novelties,  but  have  been 
known  in  modified  forma  for  some  years.  As 
a  general  thing,  however,  their  use  has  been 
much  decried.  Still  they  appear  to  have  aome 
advantages  worth  considering,  and  many  claims 
of  superiority  are  made  for  them.  Among 
them  is  tbat  of  reduced  blade  friction,  due  to 
reduced  area  of  rubbing  surface;  less  tendency 
to  heat,  because  of  the  circulation  of  air  through 
the  holcF,  and  economy  of  power.  The  hoL 
further  prevent  the  dangerous  extension  of 
cracks  in  the  saw  blades,  and,  in  general, 
Tiake  it  a  comparatively  easy  matter  to  keep 
the  saws  in  good  running  order. —  R.  R.  Qazetle. 

A  New  Rail. — Toe  Bargion  rail,  which  the 
Southern  Pacific  Company  will  experiment 
with,  ia  the  invention  of  an  Oikland  mechanic. 
It  is  in  two  sections.  The  upper  part  or  rail 
proper  has  a  wedge  flinge  which  seta  in  a 
matrice  groove  In  the  lower  part  or  bed.  Both 
are  nnited  firmly  by  bolt  catches.  In  a 
channel  at  the  foot  of  the  wedge  terminal  will 
be  inserted  a  cable  or  bundle  of  telegraph 
wirea.  A  perfect  insulation  ia  thereby  effected 
and  the  pole  aystem  of  striofiing  wires  will  be 
obviated.  Telegraphic  communication  between 
stations  and  gliding  trains  can  be  maintained 
easily.  It  ia  claimed  that  this  new-fangled  rail 
will  afford  better  traction  and  that  it  is  superior 
generally. 

Aluminum  Alloys. — According  to  Mr.  J. 
H.  G.  Digger,  says  the  Horological  Journal, 
alloys  containing  60  to  70  per  cent  of  aluminum 
are  very  brittle,  glass  hard  and  beautifully 
crystalline.  With  50  per  cent  the  alloy  is 
quite  aol*^,  but  under  30  per  cent  the  hardness 
returns.  The  20-per-cent  bronzs  has  a  whitish- 
yellow  tint-,  and  ia  so  brittle  that  it  can  be  pul- 
verized in  a  mortar.  The  brittleneaa  of  alloys 
containing  more  than  11  percent  preventi  their 
use,  but  from  11  percent  downward  to  1^  they 
are  of  very  great  value,  possessing  great  tensile 
strenetb,  high  resistance  to  compression,  low 
specific  gravify,  and  greater  resistance  to  cor- 
rosion than  any  alloy  known. 


Annealing  and  Hardening — Copper,  brass, 
German  silver  aud  similar  metala  are  hardened 
by  hammering,  rolling  or  wire  drawing,  and 
are  softened  by  being  heated  red-hot  and 
plunged  in  cold  water.  Copper,  by  being 
alloyed  with  tin,  may  be  made  so  hard  that 
cntting  instruments  may  be  made  from  it. 
This  is  the  old  prooeaa  of  hardening  copper, 
which  is  so  often  claimed  to  be  one  of  the  lost 
arts,  and  which  would  be  very  naefnl  if  we  did 
not  have  in  steel  a  material  which  is  far  leas 
oostly  and  far  better  fitted  for  the  making  of 
edge  tools. 

Propelling  Carriages  by  Gas  is  a  new 
method  now  being  introduced  into  the  cities  of 
Germany.  The  gas  is  generated  from  benzine. 
Namerons  vehicles  of  this  deacrlption  are  said 
to  be  in  ancceasful  operation  in  several  cities 
and  on  scma  of  the  country  road?,  where  they 
move  at  the  rate  of  ten  miles  an  hour.  A  new 
motor  has  been  devised  for  thia  purpose,  which 
ia  placed  in  the  rear  of  the  vehicle  and  over  the 
main  axle.  The  benzine  is  carried  in  a  recepta- 
cle under  the  seat,  which  holda  enough  of  the 
fiaid  for  a  trip  of  SO  miles.  The  gas  mixture  is 
ignited  by  an  electric  spark. 


Aluminum  Bronze  for  Propellers  — Alu- 
minnm  bronze  is  coming  into  more  general  use 
in  Garmany,  and  as  an  instance  it  may  be 
mentioned  that  aluminum  broozs  is  being  used 
for  propellers  for  all  the  naphtha  boats  that  are 
being  built  at  the  establishment  of  Esoher, 
Wyes  &  Co.  It  is  also  being  used  for  propel- 
lers elsewhere,  for  bearings,  boat-fittings,  etc 
It  consists  of  90  per  cent  copper,  10  per  cent 
aluminum,  looka  almost  like  gold,  and  haa  the 
same  weight  aa  iron. 


Importation  of  Iron  into  Japan  is  increaa- 
ing  yearly.  Last  year  the  total  was  nearly  doable 
that  of  1887.  The  increase  was  most  marked 
in  raile,  but  iron  work  and  machinery  show  a 
marked  increase.  The  value  of  the  iron  pro- 
duced in  Japan  is  only  about  ^250,000  per  an- 
num, or  about  three  per  cent  of  the  value  im- 
ported. 

The  Screw.— Screws  of  all  kinds  are  atill  a 
theme  for  study,  especially  in  the  wood  work- 
ing line.  Some  one  haa  proposed  to  make  them 
hollow,  aud  after  they  have  been  driven  into 
place,  to  expand  them  a  trifie  with  a  wire  nail 
to  get  more  of  a  bind  in  the  wood. 


Engine  Vibration — In  caaea  where  there 
has  been  excessive  vibration  noticed  with  en- 
gines bolted  to  beams  or  girders  of  the  upper 
etoriea  of  buildings,  hanging  heavy  weights 
from  the  bottom  of  the  engines  has  overcome 
the  vibration  almost  entirely. 

In  Using  Emery  Wheels  it  has  been  found 
that  at  a  high  speed  onp  ounce  of  wheel  ma- 
terial would  only  grind  off  six  ounces  of  metal, 
while  at  a  lower  speed  it  would  grind  off  11 
ouncea.  At  this  lower  speed  the  wheel  was 
making  2150  revelations. 


SeiENTine  Pf^ogress. 


ForniAtion  of  Hailstones. 

Meteorologists  are  not  a  unit  in  agreement 
upon  the  manner  of  formation  of  hailstones. 
The  theory  of  Dove  haa  been  given  most  cre- 
dence. Ha  believed  that  the  hailetones  passed 
rapidly  from  the  cold  air  to  the  warm,  moist 
air,  and  again  from  the  warm  air  into  the  cold- 
er, thus  alternately  taking  on  a  j:icket  of 
moiatare  and  freezing  it  aroand  the  nucleus  or 
heart.  The  formation  of  the  nucleus  itself,  it 
ia  conceded,  is  from  the  anonfiake  in  the  cold 
cloud,  which  being  whirled  about  formsaamall 
ball,  about  which  aubscquent  layers  congeal  as 
the  ball  is  tossed  abontinto  the  atmospheres  of 
different  temperatures.  The  hailstone,  from 
ita  varying  ahapea  and  angularitiea,  shows  that 
it  haa  had  a  wild  and  irregular  career  in  the 
sky,  sometimes  melting  into  crooked  ahaps?, 
then  being  tosaed  upward  and  congealed  rapid- 
ly, lb  takes  but  ten  minutes,  so  the  meteorol- 
ogists say,  to  form  the  largest  hailstones 
known.  Some  are  nearly  apherioal,  more 
rough  and  jigged,  while  aome  have  a  fiat  face 
on  one  side  and  are  covered  with  nodules  on 
the  other. 

The  most  remarkable  hailstorm  on  record 
was  that  of  Jaly  13,  17SS,  which  passed  from 
Touraine,  France,  to  Belgium.  It  traveled  in 
bands  or  separated  belts.  While  the  western 
band  had  a  width  of  ten  miles  and  a  length  of 
420  milep,  the  eastern  band  had  a  width  of  five 
milea  and  a  length  of  500  miles,  A  band  of 
rain  twelve  miles  wide  was  between  them.  Over 
1000  oommnnes  auffared  and  property  to  the 
value  of  S5  000  000  was  destroyed.  The  most 
fat'il  storm  of  this  kind  was  that  of  April  30, 
1SS8,  at  Moradab^f^,  India,  in  which  over  280 
lives  were  lost.  John  Eliot,  meteorological  re- 
porter  to  the  GDvernmeut  ot  India,  says  of  thia 
storm:  *'  Verandas  were  blown  away,  and  the 
massive  Pucoa  portico  was  blown  down.  It 
was  neirly  dark.  Hail  was  on  the  ground  two 
feet  deep,  Peraona  caught  in  the  open  were 
aimply  pounded  to  death.  The  area  of  thia 
storm  was  only  about  six  or  seven  miles  around 
Moradabad." 

Probably  the  worst  hailstorm  that  ever  oc- 
curred in  this  country  was  that  of  June  16, 
1SS2,  at  Diboque,  Iowa.  For  13  minutes,  be- 
gmniog  at  2:35  P.  m,  haiUtonea  felt,  some  of 
which  were  17  inches  in  circuTiference.  The 
largest  weighed  1'}  pounds.  They  exhibited 
diverae  formations,  aome  of  them  having  knobs 
and  icicles  half  an  inch  in  length.  0;her8  were 
surrounded  by  rings  of  different-colored  ice 
with  gravel  and  blades  of  erass  imbedded  with- 
in. The  foreman  of  the  Novelty  Iron  Works 
stated  that  he  melted  two  which  had  living 
frogs  within  them.  Thia  report  cornea  from  the 
Monthly  Weather  Review,  iasued  by  the  Gov- 
ernment. 

A  Dabuque  newspaper  report  acoompanyinc: 
the  picture  states  that  hailstones  aa  large  as 
cocoanuta  were  thrown  down,  and  aome  ladies 
cooled  a  pitcher  of  lemonade  with  them,  and 
wrote  to  Eastern  friends  tbfrt  they  had  made 
the  drink  palatable  with  ice  frozen  in  that  city 
on  June  16,  In  falling  the  stones  went  through 
the  roofeof  street  cars, — Baltimore  Sun. 


Aqdeous  Solutions  OF  Essential  Oils. — It 
has  been  found  by  B:irgmann  that  while  mixt- 
ures of  the  fixed  alkali  soaps  with  hydrocar- 
bons and  essential  oils  form  only  emulsions  in 
water,  under  separation  of  the  respective  oils, 
a  mixture  of  an  ammonia  soap  with  an  essen- 
tial oil  will  form  a  clear  solution  in  water, 
especially  in  presence  of  an  excess  of  ammonia. 
Terpentine  oil,  or  aome  other  essential  oil,  ia 
first  mixed  with  castor  oil,  or  a  mixture  of  it 
with  some  other  fat  oil,  the  mixture  is  then 
BuVjected  to  the  action  of  concentrated  acid, 
and  the  product,  after  being  waahed  with  solu- 
tion of  salt,  ia  aaturated  with  ammonia  in  ex* 
cess;  or  the  fat  acids  may  be  first  separated  by 
treatment  of  the  fatty  oil  with  concentrated 
acid,  then  waahed  with  salt  solution,  and  the 
essential  oil  added  either  before  or  after  satura- 
tion with  ammonia.  The  preparation  thus 
obtained  ia  said  to  form  a  clear  solution,  and 
not  only  to  possess  the  properties  of  a  soap, 
but  also  to  exercise,  in  aqueous  solution,  the 
solvent  action  of  an  essential  oil. — Pharm, 
Jour.  

A  New  Fuel — A  St,  Petersburg  journal 
states  tbat  a  Rasaian  civil  engineer,  M.  de  Nic- 
aloff,  has  succeeded  in  producing  a  fuel  from 
peat  greatly  reaembling  anthracite  coal.  The 
inventor  has  obtained  a  patent  for  hia  process, 
which  is  said  to  be  accomplished  by  the  aid  of 
certain  ohemicala,  and  lately  an  imperial  com- 
misaion  has  been  engaged  in  experimenting 
with  the  fuel,  the  result  having  been  very  fa- 
vorable. The  peat  was  fouud  to  give  a  little 
less  beat  than  ordinary  ooal,  but  more  than  fir 
or  birch  wood,  which  ia  largely  used  on  rail- 
ways and  steamers  and  in  factories  in  Russia. 
In  other  respects,  however,  the  peat  Is  superior 
to  coal,  being  cheaper,  containing  but  a  very 
small  percentage  of  sulphur,  and  being  much 
smaller  in  bulk.  The  artificial  fuel  throws  off 
no  dirt  and  emita  no  smell,  while  burning  with 
a  clear  white  flame.  It  is  believed  tbat  the  new 
fuel  has  a  great  future  before  it,  the  Rasaian 
Government  being  muoh  interested  in  the  in- 
vention.        

Gravitation  and  Distance. — Some  one  aaya 
that  the  physicist  is  bewildered  by  the  appar- 
ently simaltaQeous  action  of  gravitation  upon 


widely  separated  bodies,  il.  J.  Van  Hepper- 
ger  thinks  that  the  time  taken  by  gravitation 
to  travel  the  distance  from  the  f)nn  to  the  earth 
does  not  exceed  one  second.  Would  it  not  be 
more  reasonable  and  correct  to  say  tbat  gravi- 
tation is  a  constant  force,  always  univeraalty 
present;  that  it  never  *'  travels"  aa  do  light  and 
electricity,  and  whenever  the  greater  loses  its 
Infiuence  by  distance,  the  lesser  acts  immedi^ 
ately — that  neither  "travels"?  Distance  sim- 
ply weakena  the  force. 


Brittle  Bodies. 

Uoder  the  head,  "  What  are  brittle  bodies  ?'' 
Prof.  Frederick  Kick  recently  communicated 
the  preliminary  resnlta  of  some  very  interest- 
ing experiments  in  Polyiech.  Journal,  274,  405. 
He  starts  with  two  theses:  (1)  Thoae  bodies 
or  anbstancea  are  brittle  which,  in  order  to  be- 
come ductile  or  plastic,  must  be  subjected  to  a 
high  preasure,  acting  uniformly  from  all  direc- 
tions; (2)  the  hardness  of  a  substance  may  be 
determined  with  numerical  accuracy  by  meana 
of  its  shearing  stress  if  every  bending  and  every 
fiaxion  of  the  material  pirticles  be  exclnded. 
To  substantiate  the  first  thesis,  the  following 
experimenta  were  made  with  pieces  of  gypsum, 
ateatite,  rook  salt  and„calcite,  all  of  which  are, 
under  ordinary  conditions,  very  brittle.  The 
test  materials  were  cat  and  ground  into  pris- 
matic shape.  A  suitable  pieco  of  ordinary  iron 
gaa  pipe  waa  closed  at  one  end  with  a  well-fit- 
ting plug,  and  filled  with  molten  shellac,  avoid- 
ing carefully  any  formation  of  bubbles.  Into 
this  were  immersed  the  test  prisms,  which  had 
previously  been  coated  with  shellac  solution, and 
after  filling  up  the  remaining  space  with  shellac, 
the  top  was  closed  by  a  eecond  plug.  The  pipe 
waa  allowed  to  oool  slowly  for  several  hours, 
and  then  bent  into  U-ahape.  In  dilute  nitric 
acid  the  iron  pipe  was  diseolved,  leaving  the 
shellac  core  unaffected.  This  waa  dissolved  in 
alcohol,  leaving  the  bent  priam  of  rock  salt, 
steatite,  etc.,  in  perfectly  coherent  shape.  The 
softer  the  enveloping  material,  the  better  the 
resulta. 

The  author  constructed  then  a  aimple  but  ef- 
fective apparatus,  in  which  oil  waa  the  envel- 
oping medium  iaatead  of  shellac,  and  eacceeded 
in  altering  the  shape  of  the  most  brittle  eub- 
stancea  without  affecting  transparency  or  co- 
herence. In  regard  to  the  second  thesis, 
the  author'a  experiments  are  yet  few  in 
number.  It  seems  true  that  the  hard- 
ness and  shearing  stress  are  directly  propor- 
tional, but  more  experimenta  are  neceasary  to 
establish  the  thesis  as  a  law  of  nature.  Shellac 
and  tin  are  subatancea  of  widely  differing  nat- 
ure and  composition.  Their  hardness,  how- 
ever, ia  equal,  and  Prof.  Kick  finds  for  both 
the  same  shearing  stress,  t.  e,,  2.6  kilogrammes 
to  the  square  centimeter. 


Dust  in  the  Air, — Mr,  John  Aitken  has 
been  continoiog  his  researches  into  the  number 
of  dust  particles  in  the  air,  and  recently  read 
a  long  paper  on  the  subject  before  the  Royal 
Saciety  of  Edinburgh.  Swiss  air  he  finds  to 
be  comparatively  free  from  dust.  So  ia  High- 
land air;  for  example,  some  wild  parts  of  Ar- 
gyleshire,  Scotland,  have  little  more  than  200 
particles  in  the  cubic  centimeter  of  air.  Tbia 
U  about  the  lowest  he  has  yet  observed.  Paris 
haa  210,000  to  160,000  particlea  per  cubic  cen- 
timeter. In  all  the  foga  teated,  the  proportion 
of  duet  was  found  to  be  very  high.  Particles 
of  du^t  serve  as  so  many  nuclei  on  which  the 
moiatare  of  the  atmosphere  can  moat  readily 
oondenae  into  fog. 

Inflhence  of  High  Temperatures  on  Con- 
ductivity.— Toe  alterations  in  the  conduc- 
tivity of  pure  copper,  aluminium  and  mag- 
netism, and  of  commercial  zinc  and  German 
silver,  after  a  lengthened  .expoaure  to  a  high 
temperature,  have  recently  been  inveatigated 
by  J.  Bergmann.  Diaca.  70  millimetera  In 
diameter,  were  heated  to  300  degrees  C,  and 
maintained  at  that  temperature  for  one  hour, 
and  then  allowed  slowly  to  oool.  The  con- 
ductivity of  copper  was  increased  by  something 
like  2.4  per  cent  by  this  proceed;  that  of 
alaminmm,  magnesium  and  zinc  being  increased 
respectively,  5,  6  8  and  2  4  per  cent,  The  con- 
ductivity of  the  alloy  was,  on  the  other  hand, 
diminished  by  about  2  per  cent. 


A  Unique  Barometer. — An  old  Belfaat  sea 
captain  has  improvised  a  unique  barometer 
which  he  believes  to  be  most  accurate.  It  con- 
aista  of  a  thin  atrip  of  white  pine  with  a  num- 
ber of  cross-pieces  upon  it.  This  is  hung  on 
the  side  of  a  building,  and  when  damp  weather 
ia  approaching  the  barometer  bulges  oat  in  the 
center,  while  in  dry  weather  the  center  sinks 
ia  and  the  ends  out.  The  captain  claims  it  to 
be  correct,  and  would  not  exchange  it  for  the 
most  valuable  patent  weather  indicator. 

A  Strange  Gift,  if  Real  — M.  Pedroua,  a 
physician  at  Nantes,  France,  has  the  strange 
gift  of  being  able  to  see  the  color  of  sounds. 
He  aaya  that  hnman  voices  are  red,  blue, 
black,  tan,  slate  and  all  other  colors,  and  that 
the  color  of  some  very  handsome  women's 
voioee  is  like  buttermilk. 


In  the  Milt  of  a  Codfish,  the  microscope 
diaoovera  animalcuU  so  minate  that  100.000 
of  them  would  not  exceed  in  bulk  a  single  mus- 
tard seed;  and  the  creatures  are  supplied  with 
organs  as  complete  as  those  of  the  whale  or 
elephant. 

Pig  Iron  is  made  in  25  States  of  the  Unioo, 


JoHE  7,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Prf.ss. 


383 


SOOD  llEjA^LTH. 


TuKPKNriNB  FOR  Lrsu  Tkhatment  — A 
writ«r  to  tbe  Medical  anil  Surgical  Journul 
nya:  **  I  have  been  uaiafi  pure  oil  of  tarpen- 
kine  in  afTdotlooa  of  the  throat  aod  luogs  for 
aome  time,  aad  tiad  better  and  tnoru  satlafao 
tory  resolts  than  from  any  other  remedy  I  OTor 
tried.  I  use  the  ordinary  hand  atomizer,  and 
throw  a  spray  of  the  liquid  into  the  throat 
fevery  few  minutes,  or  at  toofier  intervals,  ao> 
oordtog  to  the  gravity  of  the  case.  The  bulb 
of  the  inatroment  shoold  be  compressed  as  the 
aot  of  inspiration  commenoei,  so  as  to  insure 
application  of  the  remedy  to  the  whole  surface, 
whioh  can  be  done  in  oases  of  children  very 
iuccessfully.  It  is  surprising  how  a  diphther- 
itlo  membrane  will  melt  away  under  ao  almost 
constant  spray  of  pure  oil  of  turpentine.  I 
DOW  use  the  turpentine  spray  wheoever  a  child 
complains  of  sore  throat  of  any  kind,  lo  oases 
of  tuberculosis  of  tbe  lungs,  bronchitis,  and  the 
latter  stagea  of  pneumonia,  I  have  found  the 
turpentine  inhalation  very  beneficial.  I  use  an 
atomizer,  or  paper  funnel,  from  whioh  the  tur* 
pontine  may  be  inhaled  al  will.  I  hang  around 
the  bed  and  In  the  room,  dinuel  cloths  satn* 
rated  with  oil  of  turpentine,  in  all  oases  of  ca- 
tarrhal bronohitis — in  fact,  in  all  affections  of 
the  airpaasagep,  and  my  patients  invariably 
express   themselves  as   bjing  much  relieved." 

Mkuhated  Liq0ii»  SoAi-s  — In  a  paper  read 
before  tbe  recent  congress  of  Hassian  Pharma- 
oentical  Societies,  Berr  Siidemann  called  at- 
tention to  the  therapeutic  value  of  liquid  soapp, 
which  he  claimed  to  present  the  advantages  of 
being  more  suitable  for  inuuction,  favoring  ad- 
mixture of  medicinal  substances,  and  being 
always  producible  from  vegetable  oils,  thus 
avoiding  the  nse  of  animal  fats.  The  formula 
recommended  by  him  for  a  liquid  soap  is  to  mix 
one  part  of  oanstic  potash  disuolved  in  an  equal 
weight  of  water  with  four  parts  of  olive  oil  and 
one-fourth  part  of  alcohol,  and  shake  it  vigor- 
ously during  ten  minutes.  The  mixture  is  re- 
peatedly stirred  during  the  next  hoar,  then 
mixed  with  an  equal  quantity  of  water,  and 
after  standing  several  days  filtered.  The  au- 
thor states  that  carbolic  acid  incorporated  with 
a  potash  soap  has  its  caustic  and  poisonous 
properties  paralyzed,  while  its  disiofeotant  ac- 
tion appears  to  be  increased.  It  is  also  stated 
that  the  Berlin  District  Sanitary  Commlasion 
hfts  found  a  solution  of  potash  soap  in  10,000  of 
water  to  completely  prevent  the  development 
of  the  splenio  fever  baolllup,  and  has  recom 
mended  a  solution  of  15  parts  in  10,000  as  one 
of  the  best  diainfeotants. 

Achievements  OF  SuBGERT. — At  the  Surgi- 
cal Congress  at  Berlin,  Prof.  Gluok  of  Berlin 
gave  (jays  Balzlel)  an  exhibition  showing  a 
most  valuable  advance  in  surgery,  namely,  the 
successfal  subatitntion  of  catgut,  ivory,  and 
bone  freed  from  chalk,  for  defects  in  bones, 
muBcles,  and  nerve  sinews.  The  juices  of  the 
body  are  sucked  up  in  the  inserted  material, 
thereby  establishing  the  junction  of  the  sepa- 
rated enda,  without  any  shortening  of  the  part. 
He  presented  the  cases  of  patients  in  whom 
there  had  been  an  insertion  of  from  six  to  ten 
oeutimeters  of  catgut  to  supply  defects  in  the 
leaders  of  the  hands,  to  which  complete  mo- 
bility bad  been  restored.  This  case  has  pre- 
vioasly  been  impossible.  In  tbe  case  of  an- 
other patient  Prof.  Gluck  removed  a  tumor 
from  the  thigh,  causing  a  considerable  defect 
in  the  bone.  He  inserted  ivory,  and  no  short- 
ening ensued.  In  another  case  he  removed  a 
large  piece  of  netve  in  the  groin  and  inserted 
oatgnt,  and  the  functions  remained  oompletely- 
satisfactory . 

Tight  Collars. — The  influence  of  wearing 
tight  collars  in  impeding  the  circulation  in  the 
head  by  presaing  on  the  jugular  veins  is  well 
known  to  military  surgeons  with  the  troops  in 
India;  but  the  bad  effects  of  such  pressure  In 
cooler  climates  have  been  demonstrated  by  the 
observations  of  Prof.  Foreter  of  Breseau,  who 
states  that  300  cases  have  come  under  his  no- 
tice in  which  the  eyesight  has  been  affected  by 
the  distntbauoe  of  tbe  circulation  caused  by 
wearing  collars  that  were  too  small. 

Consumption  from  Diseased  Meats.— The 
result  oi  several  hundred  experiments  con- 
ducted at  the  laboratory  of  the  University  of 
Pennsylvania  leaves  no  room  for  doubt  that 
consumption  can  be,  and  beyond  question  very 
often  is,  contracted  by  eating  tuberculous 
meats.  It  was  found  that  calves  and  pigs  fed 
on  milk  Infected  with  tuberculous  material 
from  a  human  source  contracted  consumption, 
and  the  converse  would  seem  probable. 


Railways  IN  Africa. — The  Frenoh  are  very 
active  in  Otintral  Africa,  but  in  a  qaiet  way.  A 
French  engineer,  Oapt.  Trivier,  htie  just  com- 
pleted a  journey  through  Afrlcv,  similar  to  that 
poiformed  by  Stauley,  but  undertaken  with  a 
view  to  strengthening  French  commercial  sta- 
tions. He  has  strengthened  old  and  established 
new  French  stations  all  the  way  from  the  West 
Coast  to  the  south  of  the  Csngo  river.  It  is 
expected  that  active  steps  will  be  taken  to 
facilitate  the  development  of  those  regions  by 
the  construotion  of  railways  which  ahall  form 
a  means  of  communication  through  Frenoh  ter- 
ritory from  tbe  coast  to  the  river  Congo.  A 
compaoy  is  being  formed  with  that  end  in  view. 
Tbe  Cjugo  State  KiUway  Company  also  intend 
to  open  up  that  region  as  rapidly  as  possible  by 
proper  railway  connections.  Considerable  at- 
tention is  bestowed  at  the  present  moment  upon 
the  colony  of  Tunip,  which  has  a  fascinating 
reputation  in  France  for  its  tAineral  wealth  and 
resources.  Kiilways  are  being  extended  in  all 
directions,  and  as  the  present  conetructive 
capacity  is  not  sufficient  for  tbe  wants  of 
speculators,  a  bank  has  just  been  formed  for 
financing  such  enterprises  in  Tunis.  This  rapid 
opening  up  of  Central  Africa  to  the  commerce 
of  the  world  will  soon  prove  one  of  the  marvels 
of  this  progressive  age. 


other,  and  riiu  at  a  speed  of  from  -10  to  72 
revolutions  per  minute.  The  engines  are  lo- 
cated 1700  feet  bulow  the  surface  of  the  grount*, 
and  they  raise  water  against  this  whole  head, 
doing  the  work  with  ease  and  smooth  running. 
Tne  pumps  are  the  invention  of  Pfof,  Rielder 
of  the  Polytechnio  Institute  at  Berllo,  and  the 
design  has  given  rematkabte  reealta  wherever 
used. 


The  Hudson  River  Tdnnel  has  been  found 
to  be  a  much  more  difficult  engineering  project 
than  was  originally  supposed.  As  the  work 
proceeds  oot  under  the  river,  the  silt  becomo 
softer  and  more  difficult  to  hold.  Engineers 
are  oomiug  to  the  conclusion  that  it  will  be  im- 
possible to  go  much  farther  with  the  work  by 
use  of  the  present  shield.  The  one  now  in 
use  was  of  the  same  construction  as  was  used 
in  the  stiff  clay  under  the  Thames  river  at 
London,  but  has  never  before  been  used  in 
soft,  wet  ground.  The  lining  on  the  New 
Jersey  side  is  already  in  bad  condition,  bulging 
in  places,  and  will  probably  have  to  be  stiffened 
with  more  lining  to  make  it  safe.  Very  little 
progress  is  now  being  made  from  either  side. 
The  difficulties  and  discouragements  are  great 
enough  to  discourage  the  most  skillful  en- 
gineers. It  Is  thought  that  some  new  methods 
will  have  to  be  employed  or  the  work  must 
shortly  stop  again.  It  is  to  be  hoped  that  the 
work  may  in  some  way  be  completed,  as  its 
abandonment  would  be  a  great  loss  to  capital 
and  a  decided  damage  to  modern  engineering, 
Riilroads  must  eventually  cross  the  river  either 
over  or  under  it,  or  both.  Ferry  boat  trans- 
portation will  have  to  be  abandoned  at  all  such 
places. 

Shortening  the  Route  to  Europe. — The 
scheme  of  greatly  shortening  the  time  between 
America  and  Europe  by  the  construotion  of  a 
railway  to  the  coast  of  Labrador,  and  putting 
on  a  line  of  fast  steamers  to  Milford  Haven, 
looks  less  reasonable  the  more  it  is  oonsidered. 
No  engineering  plans  have  yet  been  formulated. 
The  distance,  even,  is  as  yet  quite  uncertain, 
but  not  less  than  1000  miles  of  road  will  be  re- 
quired. The  coat  of  the  work  cannot  be  in- 
telligently guessed  at.  The  country  is  desola- 
tion. The  winters'  snows  are  fearful.  Even 
grain  will  uot  ripen  in  the  short  summer.  The 
traffic  along  the  greater  portion  of  the  route 
would  be  nearly  nil.  More  than  30  rivers  will 
have  to  be  bridged.  The  proposed  terminus  is 
at  a  port  on  the  Labrador  coast,  which  there 
is  good  reason  to  balieve  is  closed  by  ice  a  large 
portion  of  the  year.  But  few  travelers  would 
think  of  taking  such  a  route  outside  of,  say, 
four  summer  months.  It  is  quite  safe  to  say 
that  the  proposed  Labrador  railway  will  never 
be  built. 

The  Highest  Grade. — An  interesting  little 
railway  has  just  been  opened  for  traffic  between 
Lynton  and  Lynmontb,  which  are  separated 
from  each  other  by  a  oliff  nearly  500  feet  high 
and  are  only  connected  by  a  road  so  steep  as  to 
be  almost  impraoticable  for  vehicles.  The  new 
line  is  900  feet  long  with  a  uniform  gradient  of 
1  in  If,  which  is  tbe  steepest  incline  in  the 
worla.  The  road  is  operated  by  two  cars  con- 
nected and  moved  by  a  wire  rope,  the  one 
dragging  the  other  up  the  line  as  it  descends, 
the  neceseary  excess  of  weight  being  obtained  by 
filling  a  tank  on  the  car  at  bank  from  the 
reservoir  already  mentioned.  Safety  appliances 
have  been  fitted  to  prevent  a  breakaway  of  tbe 
cars  in  case  of  aocident. 


A  Naw  Joint  Making  Material. — A  per 
manent  and  durable  joint  can,  it  is  said,  be 
made  between  rough  cast-iron  surfaces  by  the 
use  of  mineral  asbestos  mixed  with  scflioieut 
white  lead  to  makes  very  stiff  putty.  This 
will  resist  any  amount  of  heat,  and  is  unaffected 
by  steam  or  water.  It  has  been  employed  for 
mending  or  closing  oraoks  in  cast-iron  retorts 
used  in  the  distillation  of  oil  and  gas  from  can- 
nel  coal.  The  heat  being  applied  to  the  bottom 
of  retorts  and  tbe  temperature  of  the  iron 
maintained  at  a  bright  ted  heat,  after  a  time 
the  bottom  of  tbe  retort  would  give  way,  the 
larger  portion  of  tbe  crack  being  downward 
toward  the  fire.  Tue  method  employed  was  to 
prepare  the  mixture,  and  place  it  on  top  of  a 
brick,  then  put  the  brick  on  a  bar  of  iron  or 
shovel,  and  press  the  cement  upward  to  fill  the 
crack  in  the  iron,  holding  it  for  some  time  until 
it  had  penetrated  the  cavity  and  somewhat  set. 
0>  course,  during  this  operation,  the  lid  was 
removed  from  the  retort,  so  that  no  pressure  of 
gas  or  oil  forced  the  cement  outward  until  set. 
For  several  reasons  the  use  of  asbestos  is  very 
exoellent.  It  Is  well  known  that  this  substance 
cannot  burn  aod  there  is  no  danger  of  it  being 
the  oause  of  fire  in  the  shops  where  it  is  used. 
The  idea  is  being  largely  adopted  by  foundry- 
meo  generally. 

To  Clean  a  Sponge. — When  a  sponge  has  be- 
come slippery  and  disagreeable  to  the  touch, 
the  following  simple  method  will  be  found  very 
efficacious  in  cleansing  it:  Put  a  piece  of  com- 
mon soda,  about  the  size  of  an  egg,  into  a  quart 
of  boiling  water;  allow  it  to  stand  until  jaat 
brisk  warm,  by  which  time  the  soda  will  be  en- 
tirely dissolved,  then  put  in  the  sponge;  let  it 
remain  for  half  an  hour,  then  Equeeze  it  thor' 
oughly,  extracting  as  much  of  the  slimy  sub- 
stance as  possible.  Repeat  the  process,  using 
olean  water  prepared  as  above,  until  the  sponge 
feels  soft  and  pleasant  to  the  touch.  Two 
waters  are  generally  sufficient  to  effect  the 
purpose. 

West  Pointers  Never  SMiLE.—It  Is  said 
that  smiling  is  something  totally  against  the 
rules  at  West  Point.  No  man  ever  dreams  of 
smiling  at  anything,  no  matter  how  ludicrous, 
when  he  has  been  in  the  West  Point  academy  a 
few  weeks.  The  face  is  required  to  have  a 
stony,  expressionless  starCj  the  eyes  fixed  as  if 
in  a  tranoe,  gazing  on  futurity.  The  head  is 
thrown  back,  the  arms  held  rigidly,  the  body 
straight,  and  this  is  tbe  attitude  of  "atten- 
tion," which  is  expected  to  be  the  normal  con- 
dition of  a  cadet,  except  when  speaking  with 
his  own  or  with  lower  classmen. 


tLECTPjeiTY. 


Costly  Barns.— A  contemporary  says  that 
the  costliest  horse  barn  in  tbe  world  belongs  to 
D.  E.  Grouse  and  is  located  at  Syracuse,  N.  Y. 
It  baa  now  cost  the  owner  something  like  $700,- 
000.  Incidental  expenses  will  make  the  stable 
coat  little  short  of  a  round  million.  Rockefel- 
ler, the  Standard  oil  king,  is  about  completing 
a  $3,000,000  mansion  at  Tarry  town.  Tbe  es- 
tate comprisBB  1000  acres,  and  a  $100,000 
house  was  torn  down  to  furnish  a  foundation 
for  the  new  stable. 


Tobacco  Smoke  quickly  contaminates  deli- 
cate fruit  of  all  kinds.  A  few  whiffs  blown 
upon  a  box  of  raspberries  will  entirely  destroy 
the  delicate  flivor  of  the  fruit  and  render  it 
unpalatable.  The  same  in  a  degree  may  be 
said  of  strawberries. 

Curious  Spring.— There  is  said  to  be  a 
spring  of  a  ouriona  nature  near  Stoniogton, 
Conn.  When  the  water  is  drank  the  veins  of 
the  drinker  are  said  to  swell  in  a  moat  extraor- 
dinary manner;  but  the  effects  gradually  dis- 
appear. 

Poison  in  Celery. — Dr.  Charles  M.  Cresson 
of  Philadelphia  states  that  he  has  more  than 
once  found  the  typhoid  bacilli  in  the  juice  that 
he  has  squeezed  oat  of  celery  grown  near  Phila- 
delphia.—Annals  o/Eygiene. 


Bridging  thIb  North  River. — The  Hudson 
river  bridge  bill  known  as  the  Greene  bill  has 
become  a  law  by  lapse  of  time  without  the 
signature  of  Gov.  Hill.  It  provides  for  erect- 
ing what  is  practically  Mr.  Lindentbal's  bridge 
at  New  York,  a  oentral  span  of  2850  feet,  and 
six  tracks,  with  room  for  ten,  being  provided. 
It  is  not  in  the  interest  of  the  Lindenthal  bridge 
which  is  now  before  Congresp,  but  so  far  as  ap- 
pears upon  the  surface  is  a  mere  "strike,"  to 
get  a  certain  control  of  a  valuable  franchise  and 
sell  out.  Should  the  Lindenthal  bill  pass  Con 
gress.  however,  it  will  require  no  State  action 
to  confirm  it,  while  the  New  York  bill  is  worth- 
less without  concurrent  action  by  both  New 
Jersey  and  Congress. 

Pumping  Under  Great  Pressures. — In  the 
ooal  mines  at  Kladow,  in  Bohemia,  there  are 
located  two  pairs  of  compound  pumping  engines 
which  form  a  notable  plant.  They  drive 
double-aotlng  plunger  ptimps  with  2Sinoh 
stroke  for  one  engine  and  3-foot  stroke  for  tbe 


Alloys. — Among  the  moat  valuable  sub- 
stances known,  in  the  arts  are  the  metallic  al- 
loys. It  has  been  recently  discovered  that 
strong  as  steel  If,  it  can  be  made  yet  stronger  by 
an  alloy  of  three  to  five  per  cent  of  nickel. 
This  means  that  in  the  iuture  we  can  have 
larger  bridges,  higher  towers  and  lighter  ma- 
chinery than  ever. 

To  Preserve  Lamp  Chimneys, — A  woman 
In  Americus,  Ga.,  ia  using  a  lamp  chimney  that 
she  has  used  daily  for  the  past  eight  years,  and 
she  expects  to  use  it  for  many  years  yet.  She 
says  that  she  boiled  it  in  salt  and  water  when 
it  was  bought,  in  1882,  and  no  matter  how 
large  a  ffame  runs  through  it,  it  won't  break. 

Gold  Leaf.— The  Berlin  gold-beaters  at  the 
Paris  Exposition  showed  gold  leaves  so  thin 
that  it  would  require  282,000  to  produce  the 
thickness  of  a  single  inch,  yet  each  leaf  was  so 
perfect  and  free  from  holes  as  to  be  impene- 
trable by  the  strongest  electric  light. 

Cedar  Oil  is  now  produced  at  Lyndon,  Vt., 
by  distillation.  The  small  branches  of  cedar 
trees  are  used,  and  are  much  more  convenient 
and  productive  than  shavings,  which  are  used 
to  some  extent.  The  oil  can  be  profitably  pro- 
duced wherever  the  cedar  grows. 

Quick  Photography.— A  great  progress  ia 
being  made  in  rapid  photography.  Lord  Ray 
leigh  has  photographed  a  minute  jet  of  water 
in  the  lOO.OOObh  of  a  second;  and  a  new  camera 
takes  ten  successive  viewa  a  second  on  the  turn- 
ing of  a  crank. 

A  Silk  Handkerchief,  so  often  recommend- 
ed for  wiping  spectacles  or  eyeglasses,  is  not 
good  for  this  purpose,  as  it  makes  the  glasses 
electrical  and  causes  the  dust  to  adhere  to  them. 


Tbe  Boldest  Electrical  PROJKcrr  yet  sug- 
gested is  one  whioh  is  under  coDsideration  la 
Russia  for  a  line  from  St.  Petersburg  northeast 
to  Archangel  on  the  White  Sea,  a  distance  of 
over  500  miles.  It  Is  proposed  to  furnish  the 
electric  current  from  a  series  of  generating  sta- 
tlcDs  dibtributed  along  the  line,  and  the  cost  of 
the  undertaking.  Including  roUicg-stock,  is  esti- 
mated at  only  about  $15,000  per  mile.  Arch- 
angel, the  proposed  northern  terminus,  lies  in 
the  icy  latitude  of  G4^  degrees,  almost  up  to  tbe 
Arctic  circle.  It  is  far  above  tbe  latitude  of  tbe 
northern  shore  of  Hudson's  bay,  and  almost  as 
far  north  as  the  narrowest  part  of  Bebring 
straits,  the  soggektion  of  croseing  which  by  a 
railway  has  been  assumed  by  many  to  be  im- 
practicable. Who  knows  but  that  electricity 
is  to  furnish  the  solution  of  the  difficulty  of 
operating  railways  In  extremely  cold  regions 
whioh  attends  the  nse  of  steam?  Evidently  an 
eleotrlc  railway  can  be  built  of  any  desired 
length  if  power-generating  stations  are  supplied 
at  proper  interval,  and  hence  it  becomes  only 
a  question  of  obtaining  sufficient  traffic  to  war- 
rant the  cost  of  construotion  and  operation. 
The  electric  locomotive  has  no  steam  or  water 
pipes  to  freeze  and  burst  in  the  intense  and  long- 
continued  cold  of  a  far  Northern  winter,and  elec- 
tricity, by  which  trains  can  already  be  lighted, 
will  doubtless  ere  long  be  successfully  applied  to 
the  purpose  of  heating  also.  Should  the  re- 
markable enterprise  of  an  electric  railway  to 
the  White  Sea  be  actually  carried  into  execu- 
tion, it  will  not  be  bard  to  believe  that  a  simi- 
lar line  may  be  pushed  through  Alaska  to  meet 
at  Behring  straits  an  extension  of  the  Russian 
railway  system  through  Siberia,  and  complete 
a  continuous  railway  line  uniting  America,  Asia 
and  Europe. 

Electricity  vs.  Horses. — Joseph  Wetzler, 
a  well-known  Now  York  electrical  expert,  ex- 
presses bia  opinion  on  the  comparative  econemy 
of  horses  and  electricity  on  street  railways  as 
follows :  "  The  operation  of  street  railways 
by  electricity,  although  even  now  completely 
demonstrated  to  be  more  economical  than  by 
either  horses  or  cables,  is  yet  too  recent  to 
afford  the  more  reliable  figures  which  can  only 
be  obtained  after  extended  use;  but  from  an  in- 
vestigation recently  made  on  a  number  of  roads 
by  0.  T,  Crosby,  aome  very  interesting  data 
are  developed.  The  results  of  Mr.  Crosby's  in- 
vestigation show  that  the  average  cost  of 
motive-power  for  the  roads  in  Washington, 
Richmond,  Cleveland  and  Scranton,  was  about 
5  09  cents  per  car  mile."  At  the  late  eighth 
annual  meeting  of  the  American  Street  Rail- 
way Association,  the  committee  to  whom  the 
matter  was  referred,  reported  that  "if  it 
is  desired  to  make  a  change  from  horse- 
power, electricity  will  fill  the  bill  to  perfection, 
no  matter  how  long  or  short  the  road,  or  how 
many  passengers  are  carried.  In  the  investi- 
gation of  the  subject  the  most  satisfactory  re- 
sults have  been  shown;  It  not  only  increases 
the  traffio  over  the  road,  but  reduces  expense, 
and  actually  enables  ua  to  operate  a  line,  which 
heretofore  entailed  a  loss  at  a  profit." 

An  Electric  8ea  Going  Vessel,— While  it 
is  beyond  a  doubt  that  Americans  lead  in  many 
of  the  classes  of  electrical  development,  there 
is  also  no  doubt  that  in  the  application  to 
marine  engines  the  English  lead  us.  A  second 
sea  going  electrical  vessel  has  now  been 
launched.  It  is  26  feet  long  by  5  feet  4  inches 
beam,  and  will  hold  15  people.  The  craft  baa 
18  inchea  mean  draught  and  a  diaplaoement  of 
2;^  tons.  She  steers  by  tiller,  and  a  switch  con- 
trolling the  power  is  within  easy  reach  of  the 
helmsman.  Under  the  seats  are  40  band-lined 
compartments  for  accumulators.  With  the  bat- 
tery, it  is  figured  that  power  will  be  furnished 
at  one  charge  sufficient  to  propel  tbe  craft  8 
miles  an  hour  for  8  hours.  The  motor  is  in  the 
center  compartment  of  the  boat.  This  craft  ia 
built  for  sea-going  purposes,  and  her  trial  trips 
indicate  considerable  speed  and  sea  going  quali- 
ties. She  was  built  for  Mr.  Pears,  her  owner, 
by  W.  S.  Sargent,  eleotrical-launoh  builder, 
Cheswick,  England. 

Computations  by  Electricity. — The  com- 
putatiooB  to  be  made  after  tbe  taking  of  the 
census  the  present  year  are  to  be  made  by 
electrical  machinery,  which  is  capable,  it  ia 
said,  of  doing  the  ordinary  work  of  55  hours  in 
fiive  hours.  Special  sections  of  the  cenauB,  in- 
cluding home  and  farm  mortgages,  etc.,  will 
receive  careful  attention,  and  every  effort  will 
be  made  to  have  tbe  entire  work  performed  in 
the  shortest  possible  time  consistent  with  tbe 
immense  amount  of  necessary  labor  and  the 
importance  of  the  general  resnlt. 

Riveting  by  Electricity  has  been  success- 
fully accomplished.  The  cold  rivet  is  placed 
in  the  hole,  and  when  heated  to  the  proper 
temperature  it  can  be  closed  by  any  of  the  or- 
dinary apparatus  now  in  use.  The  heating  of 
a  half  inch  rivet  of  two  or  three  Inchea  in 
length  takes  about  half  a  minute. 

Electricity  in  London  Fogs. — In  London 
they  are  utilizing  electricity  in  a  novel  way. 
During  heavy  fogs,  horses  carry  an  electric 
light  on  their  heads  whioh  can  be  illuminated 
aa  occasion  rt  quires,  the  storage  battery  being 
in  the  wagon.  

Base  Bullion  Is  being  shipped  by  the  carload 
from  Colville,  Washington,  to  Newark,  New 
Jersey,  for  refining. 


584 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[June  7,  1890 


A.  T.  DBWKY.  W.  B,  1 

DEWEY  &  CO.,  Publishers. 


O^e,  220  MarUi St.y  N.  E. cor. Front  St.^S. F, 
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SAN    FRANCISCO: 

Saturday,  June,   7,    1890. 


TABLE  OF  CONTENTS. 


ILLUSTRATIONS.— Hinkle's  Improved  Roasting 
Furnace  for  Sulphuret  Or^s;  Abandoned  Hydraulic 
Mine  Showing  Growth  of  Young  Trees,  377. 
Sketch  of  Ap.  aratu>j  for  Mine  Ventilation;  VentiUting 
an  UpraiBe;  Hoakins'  Hydrocarbon  Assay  Furnace, 
385. 

B-ua'X'ORIALS.— Passiner  Events;  Local  Shipbuild- 
ing; The  World's  Fair;  Auriferous  Gravels  t  f  Califor- 
nia; Tree  Growth  in  a  Uravel  Mine;  Ventilation  of 
Miues,  384. 

OOBRfillSfONDENCEJ. — Powell's  Arid  Argument 
'on  Irrigation;  The  Daep  Gold  PUcers  of  Californi*; 
Mineral  Exhibit  for  the  World's  Fair  at  Chicago,  378- 
379. 

MECHANICAL  PROGRESS. —A  New  Motie  of 
Constructing  Boilers;  Automatic  Printing  Press  Fc'Cd- 
er;  Gas  and  Seam  in  the  Same  C  linder;  Casting  and 
Forging;  Why  the  South  Does  Not  Make  Stetl;  Per- 
forated Saw  Bladt  a;  A  New  Kail;  Aluminum  Alloys; 
Annealing  and  H^rdeniog;  Alu  >  inum  Bronze  for  Pro- 
pell  Ts;  The  Screw;  Engine  Vihration,  382. 

SCIENTIFIC  PROGRESS.  -  Formation  of  Hail- 
8tou«B;  Aqueous  Solutions  of  Essential  Oi's;  A  New 
Fuel;  Gravitation  and  Dis'ance;  Brittle  Bodies;  Duat  in 
the  Air;  Influeacs  of  H  gh  Temperatures  on  Conduct- 
ivity; A  Unique  Barometer;  A  Strange  Gift,  if  Keal, 
382. 

QUUD  HEALTH.— Turpentine  for  Lung  Treatment; 
Medicatefl  Liquid  Soups;  Achievements  of  Suuery; 
Tight  Collars;  ConsumiJtion  from  Diseased  Meats; 
Curious  Sprlnu;  Poison  in  Celery,  383. 

ENGINEERING  NOTES.  -  Hallways  in  Atrici; 
Shortening  thi  Route  to  Europe;  The  HiKhest  Grade; 
Bridginif  the  Norch  Kiver;  Pumping  Under  Great 
Preasures,  383- 

QSEFDL  INFORMATION.— A  Ntw  Joinl-Making 
Material;  To  Clean  a  Sponge;  West  Pointers  Never 
Smile;  Cosily  Barns;  Aliojs;  To  Preserve  Lamp  Chim- 
neys; Gold  Leaf;  Quick  Phot^ograi-ihy,  883 

BlBCTRICITV.  —  Electricity  vg  Hurses;  An  Elec- 
tric Sea-Going  Vessel;  Computations  by  EUctricity 
Electri^jir.y  in  Loudon  Fogs,  383- 

MINING  SUMMARS— From  Che  various  counties 
of  Calitornia,  Nevada,  Arizona,  Colorado,  Idaho.  Mon- 
tana, NewMexico,  Orecon,  Utah,  Wyoming,  380-381. 

MINING  STOCK  MARKET-— Sales  at  the  San 
Prancisco  Stock  Board,  Notices  of  Meetlncs,  Assess- 
raentn,  Dividflnda,  *nd  Bullion  Shipments.  388- 

MARKET  RE POaTS.— Local  Markets,  Eastern 
Metal  Marketd,  388. 


Local  Shipbuilding. 

The  new  ciuUer  S.iL.  F.aaciBoo,  b<iiDg  built 
at  the  ahipyards  of  the  Union  Iron  Worke,  is 
rapidly  approaching  completion  and  will  be 
ready  for  ber  trial  trip  early  in  July. 

W.  H.  Taylor,  the  president  of  the  Biadon 
Iron  Workp,  and  L,  R,  Meade,  secretary  of 
the  same  establishmont,  left  the  city  on  Mon- 
day for  Washington  to  submit  bids  for  the  5100 
and  S300-toD  cruisers,  bids  for  which  are  to 
be  opened  on  the  lOtb  inst. 

Ic  is  evident  that  the  building  of  large  iron 
and  steel  vessels  is  destined  to  be  a  very 
prominent  industry  in  San  Francisco.  When 
the  Union  Iron  Works  uommenoed  to  prepare 
to  do  such  work,  onr  own  people  were  aomawhat 
skeptical  as  to  the  success  of  the  undertaking, 
and  the  authorities  at  Washington  could  hardly 
believe  that  California  mechanics  had  the  facili- 
ties or  skill  to  do  the  work.  Experience  haa, 
however,  shown  it  can  be  done,  and  done  well. 
The  Charleston  was  a  complete  success,  and 
the  San  Francisco  is  about  ready  for  trial. 

Now  more  crnisera  are  to  be  built,  and 
another  large  firm  in  San  Franoiaco  haa  started 
in  to  get  the  work,  A  few  yeara  ago  there  was 
no  one  prepared  for  such  construction;  but  one 
6rm  having  been  successful,  we  now  see  two 
anxious  to  bid.  This  argms  well  for  an  in* 
crease  in  this  industry  in  San  Francisco, 

This  city  has  the  necessary  geographical  ait* 
uation  to  bacome  the  aaat  of  a  very  large  in- 
dustry in  the  shipbuilding  line.  We  have 
contented  ourselves  mainly  thus  far  in  building 
schooners  and  steamers  for  coasting  and  inland 
trade,  but  there  is  no  reason  why  this  branch 
should  not  be  widely  extended.  Having 
proven  that  Government  ornisers  can  be  built 
here  in  oompetition  with  Eastern  shipbuilders, 
it  is  evident  that  any  kind  of  vessel  can  be  con 
atrncted.  The  existence  of  the  Pacific  KolliDg- 
Mills,  with  its  expensive  plant,  is  an  important 
factor  in  this  oonnection,  for  it  is  in  a  position 
to  aid  any  of  the  local  foundries  which  may 
obtain  Guvernment  contracts.  Certain  work 
done  by  those  mills  relieves  the  foundries  of 
the  necessity  of  addiog  expensive  appliances  to 
their  own  plants.  We  should  very  much  like 
to  see  two  or  three  of  our  large  foundries,  each 
working  on  a  GDvernment  vessel  or  two,  and  it 
is  vary  probable  this  will  be  the  case  in  due 
course  of  time. 


Business  Announcements. 

[NBW  THIS   I8B0B.] 

Mining  Capital  Wanted— Real    Eatite    Exchange,    Salt 

Lake  Citj,  Utah. 
Flax  Packing— W.  T.  Y.  Schenck. 
Kjck  Crusher— Peltoo  Water  Wheel  Co. 
lijaho's  Besources— Board  of  Trade,  Boisa  City. 

aS'See  Advertiahm  Columm. 


Passing  Events. 

As  the  fact  becomes  recognized  that  there 
will  be  no  silver  legislation  by  Congress  at  this 
aession,  the  price  of  the  metal  gradually  rune 
down.  There  has  been  an  unloading  of  bullion 
which  has  aided  in  depressing  prices,  and  it  is 
thought  there  will  be  a  still  further  decline. 
However,  toward  the  end  of  the  week  there 
was  a  recovery  in  value  as  compared  with  the 
previous  days. 

Arrangements  have  been  completed  for  a 
State  Convention  on  the  World's  Fair  in  San 
Francisco  on  Sept.  11th,  and  a  Committee  of 
Arracgements  has  been  appointed.  It  is  pleas- 
ant to  note  that  some  systematic  action  is  to  be 
taken  toward  having  California  properly  rep- 
resented at  the  coming  Fair. 

Two  San  Francisco  foundries  have  sent  rep- 
resentatives to  Washington  to  bid  on  the  new 
Government  cruisers,  and  it  is  greatly  to  be 
hoped  that  some  more  of  the  vessels  will  be 
built  on  this  coast. 

There  is  very  little  to  note  oonoernlog  the 
mining  aituatlon  aside  from  what  we  have  men- 
ttoDed  ia  our  usual  "Mining  Summary." 


The  World's  Pair. 

At  a  meeting  held  in  S.in  Francisco  on  Tues- 
day last,  the  report  of  the  Committee  on  the 
World's  Fair  wau  received  and  adopted,  as 
follows: 

That  the  World's  Fiir  Convention  be  held  in 
this  city  on  Thursday,  the  11th  day  of  Septem- 
ber next. 

Eich  State  organization  and  each  county 
govjrnment  to  have  a  representation  of  fi7e  (5) 
delegates.  Etoh  local  organization  two  (2)  and 
each  newspaper  in  the  State  one  (1)  delegdc^e. 

The  Governor  of  the  State,  the  Siate  World's 
Fair  Oommissioners  and  their  altarnates,  the 
Mayor  of  each  city,  or  the  Chairman  of  each 
Town  Council  or  Bjard  of  Trustees,  and  the 
Chairman  of  each  (J  unty  Board  of  Supervisorp, 
to  be  delegates,  ex  offioio. 

That  all  commercial  and  industrial  organiza- 
tions; all  art,  scientific  and  educational  insti- 
tutions; all  Cbaaibers  of  Commeroeaud  Boards 
of  Trade,  State  and  looal;  all  societies  of  Cali- 
fornia Pioneers;  all  Parlors  of  the  Native  Sons 
and  Nitive  Diughters  of  the  Golden  West;  the 
State  Board  of  Agriculture  and  District  Agri- 
cultural Societies;  the  State  Board  of  Hurti- 
oulture  aud  County  Horticultural  Societies;  the 
State  Board  of  Silk  Culture;  the  State  Board  of 
ViticQltnral  Commissioners  and  Oountv  Viti- 
cultural  Societies;  the  State  Mining  BarL.au; 
the  Patrons  of  Husbandry;  all  World's  ITair  as- 
Bociations  which  may  be  now  or  hereafter 
formed;  all  County  Bjards  of  Saperviaora  and 
all  legislative  bodies  representing  cities  and 
towns  in  this  Statp,  be  Invited  to  send  delegates. 

We  recommend  chat  an  assessment  of  %l  be 
levied  on  each  member  of  the  convention,  on 
Tuesday,  June  3d,  to  defray  expenses  of  print- 
ing, etc. 

An  amendment  was  adopted  to  the  effect 
that  the  president,  or,  in  his  absence,  the  vice- 
president  of  each  commercial  organization 
throughout  the  State,  be  requested  to  act 
as  ^delegate  ex-oificio  to  the  World's  Fair 
Convention. 

A.  T.  Hatch  offered  the  following  resolution, 
which  was  adopted  by  a  unanimous  vote  : 

That  the  Honorable  United  States  Commia- 
sionera  for  CJifornia  of  the  World's  Columbian 
ExhihitioD  tie  and  are  hereby  respectfully  re- 
quested when  they  meet  to  arrange  for  award 
log  premiums  to  urge  upon  their  fellow-com- 
missioners that  any  individual  exhibitors  who 
may  place  their  exhibits  in  the  State  ooUeotive 


displays  may  compete  for  premiums  on  the 
same  footing  as  individual  exhibitors  outside  of 
Siate  collective  exhibits. 

In  addition  to  this,  a  San  Francisco  World's 
Fair  Association  was  decided  upon  to  represent 
the  city  and  county  of  San  Franoiaco. 

Mayor  Pond  haa  appointed  the  following 
committees: 

Committee  of  Arrangements  for  the  State 
Convention  to  be  held  September  11th,  in  ao- 
cordance  with  the  plan  decided  upon  by  the 
General  Committee—Col.  C.  L.  Taylor,  Cham- 
ber of  Commerce;  Major  James  D  Phelar,  Art 
Association;  Colonel  William  Hirney,  Manu- 
facturers' Association;  J.  Q  Brown,  State 
Board  of  Trada;  E.  W  N3W,.all,  San  Francis- 
co Board  of  Tradt-;  G.  Bindschn,  State  Board 
of  Viticultnral  Oommi°Bionere;  Homer  S  King, 
San  Francisco  S!ock  Eschang?;  B.  M.  Lelong, 
State  Board  of  Horticulture;  W.  L  Locke, 
Ciuned  Goods  Atijoclation;  Irving  M.  Scott, 
Eagineers  and  Iron  Founders*  Association. 

Committee  to  Incorporate  Ban  Francisco^s 
World's  Fair  Association — George  W.  McNear, 
Chamber  of  Commerce;  M.  M.  Eitee,  State 
Board  of  Trade;  Colin  M.  Boyd,  Bjard  of  Su- 
pervisors; Colonel  A.  G.  Hawee,  Art  Aasocia- 
tion;  Isidor  Jacobs,  Canned  Goods  Association; 
A.  W.  Soott,  Mechanics'  Institute;  A.  S.  Hal- 
lidif,  Manufacturers'  Association;  Jules  Oerf, 
San  Francisco  Board  of  Trade;  B.  F.  Bisaett, 
Produce  Exchange;  C.  Carpy,  Wine  Uaalers' 
Association. 


Auriferous  Gravels  of  California. 

In  this  number  of  the  Press  is  given  the  con> 
eluding  article  of  the  series  written  by  Henry 
G.  Hanks  on  the  auriferoua  gravels  of  Califor' 
nia.  The  theory  propounded  by  Mr,  Hanks  is 
at  variance  with  the  generally  accepted  one  as 
to  their  origin,  bnt  he  baa  given  the  reasons  on 
which  he  bases  his  oonolusiona.  Mr.  Hanks 
articles  have  interested  very  many  of  our  read- 
ers, who  will  be  atiLl  further  interested  by  aub- 
scqaent  articles  from  the  pens  of  others  who 
do  not  agree  with  his  ideas.  We  ahall  be  glad 
to  hear  from  any  one  who  can  contribute  any 
faots  bearing  on  the  snbjact  one  way  or  the 
other. 

The  faot  is  that  there  ia  very  little  reliable 
data  concerning  our  gravel  minea.  FdW  aeem 
to  have  taken  the  trouble  to  make  any  perma- 
nent records.  Take,  for  instance,  the  drift- 
mining  districts  of  tho  Forest  Hill  ridge  or  di- 
vide, in  Placer  county.  The  earliest  develop- 
ments in  this  aeoCion  (covering  about  25  miles 
of  the  gravel  channel)  were  confined  to  the 
more  accessible  portions  of  the  beds.  The 
amount  of  gold  produced  has  been  estimated  at 
from  $25,000,000  to  §30,000,000,  and  the 
greater  part  of  the  ridge  remains  untouched. 
Many  of  the  claims  being  worked  out  or  prov- 
ing unprofitable,  were  abandoned  and  the  open- 
ings have  been  filled  up  by  caving. 

Information  which  has  coat  large  sums  of 
money  to  obtain,  and  which  might  have  fur- 
nished a  valuable  guide  in  subsequent  under- 
taklngp,  waa  lost  for  want  of  a  proper  record. 
It  has  baen  necessary  to  repeat  a  great  deal  of 
prospect  work  merely  to  test  the  memory  of 
predecessors. 

Of  late  yeara  a  number  of  bolder  enterprises 
have  been  started  with  the  object  of  attacking 
the  more  deeply  buried  portions  of  the  ancient 
gravel-channel  system.  It  is  diffionlt  to  obtain 
reliable  data,  and  large  expenditures  have  been 
made  in  deterfnining  the  location,  course  and 
depth  of  channels.  It  is  not  unusual  for  a  com- 
pany to  expend  $100,000  or  more  before  deter- 
mining the  exact  location  or  even  the  existence 
of  a  pay  channel  within  the  boundaries  of  its 
property.  Two  contributions  on  the  subject  of 
the  auriferous  gravels  are  promised  the  Press, 
and  we  ahall  hope  to  receive  others. 

AcADEMv  OF  Sciences. — At  the  meeting  of 
the  California  Academy  of  Sciences,  on  Mon- 
day evening,  the  following  donations  to  the 
cabinet  were  reported:  Five  hundred  and 
eighty-two  specitnens  of  fish  from  the  bay  and 
coast,  collected  by  Curator  Elgenmann,  one 
reptile,  one  batrachiao,  and  fuur  specimens  of 
birds  In  fiash  from  L.  Bjlding  of  Stockton,  and 
one  Oregon  mole  from  E  D.  Flint  of  Oakland. 
Prof.  J,  S.  Brandegee,  who  recently  returned 
from  a  visit  to  Santa  Citalina  island,  on  the 
southern  coast  of  California,  showed  a  fine 
photographic  view  of  the  island,  and  gave  a 
brief  description  of  its  beautiful  scenery  and 
its  topographical  features.  He  also  spoke  of 
its  fiura  and  fauna,  and  asserted  that  the  island 
has  the  finest  and  best  sheltered  bay  on  the 
coast,  excepting  San  Francisco. 


John  Ford,  one  of  the  oldest  residents  of 
Grass  Valley,  and  well  known  in  mining  oir- 
olea  all  over  the  coast,  died  on  Monday.    He 


was  foreman  of  the  Allison  Kanch  mine  as  long 
as  that  famous  property  was  in  operation.  The 
di-ceased  waa  about  60  years  of  age. 

Tree  Growth  in  a  Gravel  Mine. 

The  out  shoAn  on  the  first  page  ia  a  photo- 
faOaimile  of  a  view  taken  by  W.  R.  Nutting  in 
one  of  the  old  abandoned  hydraulic  minea  at 
Gold  Run,  Placer  county.  A  landscape  of  this 
nature  can  be  aeen  by  the  travelers  on  the  Cen- 
tral Pacific  railroad  from  the  car  windows. 
The  photograph  is  reproduced  here  to  call  at- 
tention to  the  growth  of  young  pinea  which  haa 
sprung  up  since  the  minea  stopped  work. 
Although  the  material  ia  very  unpromising  for 
any  plant  growth,  the  soil  having  been  washed 
away,  these  young  trees  are  thrifty  and  vig- 
orous and  have  attained  a  good  size. 

This  is  an  evidence  of  how  rapidly  Nature 
will  reproduce  the  forests  of  the  Sierras,  even 
under  unfavorable  circnmatances.  Of  course  in 
this  instance  no  planting  has  been  done  by  man, 
and  no  oare  haa  been  given  the  young  trees. 
In  fact,  one  of  these  old  hydraulic  minea — a 
mass  of  bowlders,  cement  and  gravel — ia  about 
the  last  place  in  which  any  one  would  expeot 
trees  or  plants  of  any  kind  to  thrive.  Possibly 
if  people  tried  to  cultivate  anything  there  they 
would  be  unsuccessful;  on  the  principle  shown 
in  the  starting  of  a  lawn  in  a  suburban  town 
where  a  carefully  prepared  plot,  watered  and 
seeded,  haa  to  be  coaxed  and  oared  for,  while 
everything  will  grow  luxuriantly  in  the  walks 
where  it  is  not  wanted  and  gravel  has  been 
placed. 

The  question  of  forest  culture,  although  now 
talked  of  and  oonsidered,  baa  not  aa  yet  become 
as  important  with  na  cks  in  older  countries, 
where  generation  after  generation  haa  de- 
stroyed the  treea  in  all  directions.  In  some 
countries  the  Government  has  taken  the  matter 
in  hand  and  enforced  the  planting  of  treea.  Up 
to  this  time,  on  this  coast,  we  have  been  too 
busy  cutting  them  down  to  think  much  of  the 
needs  of  those  who  come  after  us.  The  sub- 
ject ie,  however,  destined  to  become  of  more 
importance  from  now  on.  The  State  Board  of 
Forestry  ia  issuing  bulletins  of  information  and 
has  established  experimental  forestry  stations 
in  California.  The  faot  that  the  pinea  of  the 
Sierras  will  reproduce  theoiselves  under  such 
unfavorable  circumstances  aa  that  indicated  by 
the  view,  is  encouraging  to  those  interested  in 
the  subjeot  of  forest  culture  in  tbia  State. 

Ventilation  of  Mines. 

In  the  colony  of  Victoiia  they  have  a  Board 
of  Commissioners  on  the  ventilation  of  mines, 
and  the  various  superintendents  give,  under 
oath,  their  experience  and  the  methods  they 
adopt.  Many  of  these  statements  are  of  general 
interest  as  applicable  elsewhere.  Geo.  E. 
Thompson  recently  described  a  system  he  had 
devised.  Tubing  of  requisite  size  is  fixed  in  the 
shaft  and  extended  to  the  workinga.  Above 
the  surface  this  tubing  ia  carried  to  where  the 
exhaust  steam  from  the  engine  or  steam  from  a 
boiler  can  discharge  direct  into  it.  When  the 
steam  is  not  of  auiffioient  pressure,  a  steam-pipe 
is  carried  through  a  heated  chamber  to  increase 
the  temperature.  The  bottom  of  the  exhaust 
tube  ia  closed  except  as  to  the  insertion  of  the 
steam-pipe,  and  the  top  of  the  tube,  into  which 
the  steam  exhausts,  ia  closed  with  a  hinged 
door  opening  outward.  It  is  computed  that  a 
10-inch  pipe  and  20-inoh  exhaust  tube,  eight 
feet  long,  with  engine  working  180  strokes  per 
minute,  will  remove  air  from  the  mine  at  the 
rate  of  3000  feet  per  minute.  A  sketch  of  this 
system  ia  given  herewith.     (See  opposite  page). 

The  manager  of  the  Hirculea  and  Eoergetic 
described  a  method  he  had  adopted  for  ventilat- 
ing an  upraise  from  a  crosscut.  They  had  a 
shaft  10x4  feet  in  three  compartments,  and  at 
the  700  ft.  level  drove  a  crosscut  east  about 
255  feet  and  south  about  the  same  distance. 
Then  they  put  up  a  rise  266  feet  and  they  had 
a  jet  of  water  from  the  540  feet,  an  inch  pipe 
and  an  air  sollar  of  two  feet.  The  air  was  got 
into  this  by  a  water-pipe  coming  down  the 
shaft  from  the  540  ft.  level.  They  put  the 
pipes  in  the  drive  over  the  air-sollar,  which 
drove  a  current  of  air  over  the  aoUar.  At  the 
end  of  the  drive  they  put  up  the  rise  and  then 
conveyed  the  pipes  under  the  sollar  and  up  one 
division  of  the  ris'^,  and  turning  the  pipe  into 
the  other  .division  of  the  rise,  the  air  waa 
forced  down  with  it.  The  accompanying  out 
shows  the  arrangement  adopted.  The  air  was 
kept  good  in  this  riae  by  this  meauB. 


June  7,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


385 


Hydrocarbon  Furnace  for  Assaying,  Etc. 

{do.  E.  K.   ELtiH.  K  C    H  ,  ot  Montana,  la  "  Juuiua^  of 
Iht  Society  of  Chtmical  IoduBtry."J 

I  bkVd  veDCored  io  this  paper  to  give  partlcu- 
lara  of  a  piece  of  ftpparatua  which  my  owd  tx- 
pviicDce — cODfirmtid  by  that  of  maDy  other 
asaayera — baa  abowa  to  be  eminently  aervioe- 
able  aa  a  readily  ooDtroIlable  soaroe  of  inteoAe 
heat,  euob  aa  ie  required  by  analysta,  aaaayerf, 
metallargiata,  and  oChere.  Tnia  farnace  bau 
been  before  the  American  public  for  aeveral 
years  and  ia  therefore  past  the  experimental 
stage,  bat,  ao  far  as  I  am  aware,  it  ia  compara- 
tively or  wholly  ankoown  to  the  Kaglish  sol- 
enCiat. 

Aaeayera  know  fall  well  that  there  are  many 
iacuDveDieautiS  and  annoyancee  neoeaBarily  con- 
nected with  the  use  of  furnaoes  burning  ooal  or 
coke;  thie  apparatus,  on  the  contrary,  does 
away  with  tiie  const  int  replenishing  of  fnel, 
with    all    dust   and   aehea,    and   with    a    large 


('^1  Place  the  burner  a'jiiinst  the  iulet  of  the 
fat  uaoe. 

(X)  Tarn  oat  burner  flame  with  £,  and  im- 
mtu  ately  turn  it  on  again  without  iightiDg  it 
(or  aimply  blow  the  flime  out),  when,  if  the 
turnaoe  is  hot  enough,  the  gaa  will  light  imide 
the  fnroiuo.  When  burning  inelde  the  fur- 
nace, there  maat  be  no  tlame  in  the  barner  tube. 
The  heat  can  be  regulated  by  the  aae  of  JC 
and  P. 

The  tanks  are  m»de  in  two  sizes;  one  con- 
tains half  a  gallou  of  oil.  the  other  une  gallon, 
and  coat  (with  blowpioe  complete)  at  Caicago 
resptotivolv  $2:1  and  $26. 

The  mulHe  furnace  la  represented  in  Fig.  2. 
It  ia  made  in  two  si7;d8,  the  one  taking  it  **  C  " 
Uattersea  mutH  J  (8  inches  long 
X  4i  wide  x  3  higL),  the  other 
an  "  F"  Battereeu  (10x(Jx4). 
The  inlet  for  the  blast  is  oppo- 
site to,  an-l  below,  the  mouth 
of  the  mutll',  and  cannot  ha 
seen  in  thd  cut.  Toe  mutUs 
furnace  requires  a  length  or  t>v-9 
(aot  more)  jf  etove-ptpa  in  order 


-^__^v_HrNCFO   COVER 
I  7    "fwiiiiix  aiiinMii) 


^^^ 


< 

X 
CO 


J  coxsErr  WITH   "(GisE 


uu 


The  temperature  of  an  ordinary  room  at  the 
suuit'  time  was  16    0. 

The  genetal  compictness  of  the  apparatus  's 
alsu  a  feature  in  its  favor;  the  larger  size  mLtHe 
furnace  staudH  14  inches  high,  is  nine  inchee 
wide  and  V2\  ii^ches  long,  while  the  oorre* 
spending  mtat  irements  for  the  orucihle  furnace, 
taking  two  crucibles  at  a  time,  are  I0.\,  8  and 
\4\  inches  reapeotively.  The  whole  a,>paratU8 
cau  be  conveniently  used  on  a  table  four  feet 
long  by  two  feet  three  inahes  wide.  It  is  also 
to  be  noticed  that  the  burner  in  Hotkins'  ap- 
paratus is  oultitlt  of  the  furnace  during  the 
whole  of  the  operation  and  is,  therefore,  not 
subjected  to  the  destructive  iDfluenoe  of  very 
high  ttmperatures,  as  is  the  case  In  many  forme 


772  Feet  mow  Shaft 


ro'-.qcniT  FflRT  aY  7nn-FT    I  cupl 


FlB.  I.-SKEICH    OP    APPARATUS    FOR    MINE    VENTILATION.      (See  Oi>i):alte  P.ge.)       Fig.  2 -VENTILATING    AN    UPRAISE. 


amount  of  radiated  beat;  Indeed  it  may  be  said 
that  it  possesBea  all  the  advantages  of  a  gas 
furnace,  with  the  additional  advantage  that  it 
m&y  be  forced  to  practically  any  extent  without 
tbe  use  of  a  blower  or  foot-bellows.  Oace 
pumped  up — which  operation  occupies  only  a 
few  seconds — tbe  blast  will  continne  for  a  long 
time  without  further  attention. 

Tbe  apparatus  consists  of  three  parts  (each 
of  which  may  be  procured  setiarately),  viz.: 
The  tank  and  blowpipe,  the  muffle  furnacp,  and 
the  crucible  furnace.  The  tank  and  blowpipe 
are  represented  in  Fig.  1.  P  ia  an  ordinary 
force-pump  at  the  bottom  of  which,  at  A,  is  a 
valve  which  oloses  automatically  upon  releasing 
the  pressure  from  the  pump,  C  is  a  check- 
valve  which  closes  the  inlet  to  the  tank  7^  com- 
pletely; jF'is  a  filling  screw  for  introducing  the 
fuel  used,  viz.,  gasoline;  K  Is  a  vent  screw  for 
letting  off  tho  pressure  v  hen  the  operation  or 
experiment)  is  fioished;  H  ia  a  pipe  leading 
from  the  tank  to  the  burner  J);  ^is  the  burner- 
regulator,  terminating  in  a  Sue  point^,  closing 
the  orificK  of  the  barner;  S  S  are  packing-boxee. 
Upon  opening  C  and  pumpijg  a  few  strokes,  a 
pressare  ie  created  in  the  tank  and  on  fop  of 
the  fluid,  forcing  it  through  the  tabts  ot  che 
burner,  which  being  previoubly  heated,  vapor- 
ize the  gasoline.  This  issues  from  the  oriflce  at 
the  end  of  ^  as  a  highly  heated  gas,  and  burns 
as  such  in  the  form  of  a  powerful  blast.  After 
being  once  started,  the  heat  of  tbe  fl;ime,  pass- 
ing through  the  burner  Z>,  vaporizes  the  fluid 
in  the  tub.^8,  and  hence  the  apparatus  is  auto* 
matic. 

The  air  which  is  forced  in  is  not  consumed, 
so  that  to  keep  up  the  blast  It  only  requires  a 
few  strokes  of  the  pump  occasionally  (every 
half-hour  or  so)  to  maintain  the  pressure  less- 
ened by  the  consumption  of  the  gasoline. 

Tbe  way  to  start  the  blowpipe  is  simple  and 
as  follows:  Close  ^,  unscrew /^  and  introduce 
gasoline  according  tj  the  capacity  of  the  tank. 
Replace  Ff  close  V;  open  C  one  or  two  turns, 
t*nd  give  three  or  four  full  strokes  of  the  pump 
P,  then  close  C.  Heat  the  burner  by  burning 
some  of  the  gasoline  in  a  suitable  vessel  (an  old 
Booriflier  will  do  well)  placed  under  the  barner; 
when  hot,  apply  a  m^tch  and  open  E  gradually 
until  the  action  is  more  or  less  uniform.  The 
burner  is  hot  enough  when  no  liquid  or  %pray 
issues  from  the  orifice;  If  not  hue  enough,  let 
the  oil  burn  slowly  until  no  liquid  or  spray 
issues.  When  sufficiently  heatid,  the  blast 
can  be  made  of  any  desired  intensity  by  the  use 
of  the  force-pump  aa  above.  The  mouth  of  tbe 
burner  D  should  be  2-3  inches  from  the 
inlet  of  either  furnace,  otherwise  the  com* 
buation  in  the  interior  of  the  furnace  will 
not  be  complete.  To  stop  the  action  of  tbe 
blowpiop,  simply  shut  the  regulator  E  or  open 
screw  r,  or  do  both.  When  not  in  use,  keep 
Fopen. 

For  very  high  temperatures  on  mnifis  work 
we  proceed  aa  follows  : 

(1)  Light  aa  above,  and  heat  inside  of  fur- 
nace to  bright  rednesB, 


to  create  a  draught  through  the  mofile,  or  they 
maybe  connected  with  a  flue;  in  che  latter 
case,  a  damper  must  be  put  in  the  pipe,  for 
too  much  draught  is  nrt  judicial. 

Tbe  smaller  miittla  costs  $10;  the  larger 
one  $15. 

Figs.  3  and  4  reprenent  the  two  kinds  of 
crucible  furnace.  Fig.  3  being  adapted  for  tak- 
ing one  crucible  at  a  time;  Fig.  4  for  taking 
two  r>r  four  cruoiblea  at  the  same  time. 
The  No.  1  furnace  ooets  S4  and  takes  a  crucible 
4  inchea  in  diameter  and  5|  inches  deep  inside; 
No.  2  takes  a  crucible  5  iuches  in  diameter  and 
6^  inches  deep  inside,  and  costs  $5;  No.  3  coats 
$7  and  takes  two  crucibles  4  iochas  in  diameter, 
while  No.  4  costs  $12,  and  can  take  fonr  No.  10 
Ftenoh  crucibles,  or  cquivaleot  sizes. 


of  furnaces  using  ordinary  coal-gas  as  a  soarce 
of  heat. 

J^ofe.— Since  writing  the  above  I  find  that  a 
mtHij  furnace  ia  now  manufactured  buflSciently 
larpH  to  accommodate  a  15  inch  by  nine  inch 
mi  Mi.  This  furnace  is  heated  by  two  blow- 
pipta  of  tbe  same  size  and  power  as  described 
in  the  above  paper. 

This  apparatus  may  be  obtained  from  the 
manufacturers,  Wm.  Hoakina  &  Co.,  81  South 
Clark  street,  Chicago,  or'  from  dealerd  in  as- 
bayers*  supplies. 


The  Steamboat  iMine  Case. — The  caae  of 
W.  H.  BjUock.  and  others  against  the  May- 
flower G-ravel  mining  Company  waa  this  week 
tfanafer.ed  from  the  Siperior   Court  of  Placer 

Fig.  2. 


We  will  now  consider  some  of  the  conven- 
iences attending  the  use  of  this  apparatus. 

Cost  of  Running. — Thia  naturally  depends 
upon  tbe  local  price  of  the  fuel  used  as  the 
source  of  heat,  viz.,  gasoline.  In  a  large  city, 
e.  g.y  Chicago  or  Nd»  York,  the  cost  per  houi- 
does  not  exceed  3  cents,  while  5  cents  may  be 
put  down  aa  the  maximum  in  out-of-the-way 
distticta.  A  certain  pre j  udice  exibta  againat 
the  nae  of  gasoline,  but,  from  its  oonatruction, 
no  accidents  can  happen  from  uae  of  thia  appa- 
ratus save  aa  the  result  of   groea  careleaaness.     | 

Power  of  Furnaces  — The  heat  of  the  blow- 
pipe cat!  be  coutroiied  from  that  of  a  Bunsen 
burner  to  that  required  to  melt  cast  iron. 
Using  the  crucible  furnace,  \  pound  of  oast  Iron 
can  be  melted  in  15  minutei  (furnace  cold  at 
the  start),  or  1  pouud  of  brass  can  be  melted  in 
7  minntea  (farnace  hot  at  the  start).  The 
muffle  furnace  can  be  heated  to  a  scorification 
temperature  ia  15  minutes.  Six  scorifications 
oan  be  performed  at  tbe  same  time  in  the  larger 
furnace. 

Amount  of  Heat  Radiated. — In  thia  reapect 
these  furnaces  will  cumpare  favorably  with  any 
in  the  market.  The  following  readings  were 
taken  with  the  larger  sizd  mufflj  furnace  during 
the  scorification  of  some  coppor-silver  ores: 

Distaoce  from  Distance 
Side  (or  Front)    Temperature,    from  Side  of    Temperature, 

of  Muttie.  Muffle. 

5  ft.  tfrout) ....  17°  C.  9  in.  (aide) ....        42°  0. 

22iu.      "       ....  2rC.  6iu      "      ....        P2°  O. 

13  in.      "      ....  28"  0.  3iu.     "      ....        81' O. 

19in.  (Bide)  ....  2r  C.  1  in.    "      ....      lUo"  C. 

12  iu.      "       ....  WU. 


Mines  and  Mills  of  Shasta  Oonnxy. 

NU.MMvK     IV. 

[  From  our  Traveliut:  Correspon  Joot  J 

After  returning  tu  Sa,uita  hum  Iron  Monnt- 
ain,  I  waa  somewhat  at  a  loss  aa  to  my  next 
move,  whether  to  go  to  Old  Diggings  or  French 
Gulch,  but  after  talking  with  some  of  the  old 
aettlers  concluded  to  go  to  Old  Diggings  aa  be- 
ing the  liveliest  and  finest  part  of  Shasta's  min- 
ing Ubore.  Old  Digging*  ia  on  the  east  side  of 
the  Sacramento  river,  the  npper  part  being 
about  10  miles  from  Reddiug  and  the  lower 
about  six.  It  ia  one  of  the  celebrated  localities 
of  the  olden  time  for  gold.  Its  placers  were 
immensely  rich,  and  even  to  this  day,  when 
there  is  a  hard  rain,  the  miners  turn  out  and 
make  fair  wages  washing  in  the  ravines  and 
old  gravel-beds.  At  the  present  time  quartz 
mining  takes  the  lead,  and  for  quartz  it  is 
wonderfully  prolific.  There  are  quite  a  num- 
ber of  mills. 

Passing  over  from  Copley,  you  first  reaoh 
the  Hart  vt  Flemmlng  mine  and  mill.  Copley 
is  a  railroud  station  and  is  one  of  the  depots 
for  Squaw  Creek.  There  Is  here  a  postoffice, 
telegraph  and  atcre,  also  hotel,  both  of  the 
latter  being  kept  by  W.  W.  N.ckols,  an  old 
Nevada  Go.  man.  Mr.  Nitkok  knows  all  about 
the  mines,  and  can  tell  you  where  you  can  find 
a  good  prospect  for  a  fortune,  aud  will  put  him- 
self out  of  the  way  to  accommodate  yon,  even 
to  the  extent  of  paddling  you  across  the  river, 
as  he  did  your  correspondent,  because  he  asked 
too  many  questions. 

The  Hare  &  Flemming  mine  ia  a  fine  proper- 
ty. The  ore  carries  about  one  per  cent  of  aul- 
phureta,  which  are  very  rich  in  gold — and  free 
gold  as  well.  The  lode  ia  opened  by  aeveral 
tunnels,  the  npner  ones,  however,  being  about 
worked  out,  Tbe  lowest  tunnel  gives  a  deveU 
opment  of  near  500  feet  below  the  crown  of 
the  monntain,  and  is  the  lowest  work  now  in 
the  district,  and  rather  aettlee  the  point  as  to 
the  lodes  going  down.  As  to  the  matter  of  the 
lodes  going  down — where  do  they  come  from  7 
If  from  below,  why  not  go  down  ?  No  matter 
which  theory  is  accepted,  that  of  fire  or  water, 
the  commencement  must  be  below. 

The  deeper  they  have  gone  on  this  lode  the 
better  it  is;  the  lode  varies  from  two  to  eight 
feet  In  width.  The  mine  at  timea  furnishes 
very  rich  apeoimena  of  gold  and  eulphurets. 

The  mill  conaista  of  a  Dodge  pulverizer  and 
two  of  Hendy's  Triumph  Concentrators,  They 
work  very  coarse,  using  about  No.  30  screen; 
they  work  thus  mainly  for  concentrating; 
moat  of  the  ore  and  all  the  concentrates  are 
shipped  to  Selby'a  Works.  There  is  nothing 
about  this  ore,  as  I  Eee  it,  that  should  prevent 
its  being  worked  on  the  ground.  The  fact 
that  most  of  it  will  bear  shipment  expenses  ia  a 
good  card  for  the  mine,  but  the  faot  that  they 
do  ship  is  not  so  good  a  card  for  the  owners, 
but  that  is  their  buainess. 

There  is  one  remarkable  feature  connected 
with  thia  property.  It  belongs  to  and  is  superin- 
tended by  two  preachers.  How  a  preacher  can 
run  a  ouartz  mill  and  mine,  and  not  at  times 
do  some  tali  swearing,  will  puzzle  many  euDcr- 
intendents.  At  the  time  of  my  visit  Mr,  Hart 
was  absent,  but  Mr.  Flemming,  by  his  very 
courteous  manner,  impreaeed  me  very  favora- 
bly aa  an  intelligent  gentleman. 

Next  on  the  Une  ia  the  Mammoth  mine,  now 
bonded  to  Myera  &  Co.  of  San  Franciaco,  who 
are  doing  proapeciing  work  prior  to  purchase. 
This  lode  is  large,  being  from  6  to  16  feet  in 
width;  there  is  any  amount  of  qjartz,  and  some 
of  it  looks  well.  They  are  running  a  tunnel 
and  are  in  some  700  feet,  which  will  give  some 
200  feet  of  backs.  Some  mills  stop  for  the 
want  of  quartz,  but  tue  owners  of  a  40-stamp 
mill  here  would  never  live  long  enough  to  see 
the  last  of  this.  As  to  the  value  of  the  quartz, 
that  can  apeak  for  itaelf. 

The  view  from  these  high  ranges  ia  very  fine, 
all  rugged  and  broken,  and  all  more  or  less  tim- 
bered  with  scrnbby  oaks  and  pinea,  etc.  It 
looka  as  though  it  were  made  for  mines. 


HOaKiNd'    HIDciOOARBOW    ASSAY 

FDRNAOhJ. 

county  to  the  United  States  Circuit  in  San 
Francisco.  Baliook  and  others  seek  to  recover 
possession  of  the  Steamboat  placer  mine, 
located  in  Placer  county,  near  Forest  Hill, 
besides  $1000  damages  and  $50  000  rent  for  use 
of  the  mine,  which,  they  cliim,  they  were  un- 
lawfully dispossessed  of.  The  directors  claim 
that  tbe  mine  waa  purchaaed  bv  them  in  good 
faith  from  the  Central  Pacific  Riilroad  Co. 


A  Handsome  View  of  the  city  of  Tacoma  haa 
bseii  publibhed  on  a  very  large  aheet  by  Will 
Cjiraon,  Accurate  sketches  of  the  buildinga 
and  the  general  surroundings  give  a  very  good 
idea  of  the  city  and  its  location, 


Fat.vl  Railroad  Accident — 0  a  Friday  of 
last  wLek  an  engine  and  one  car  of  the  South 
Pacific  Coast  R.  R.  Co.  ran  cflf  the  bridge  at 
Oakland  creek,  through  the  open  draw,  and 
13  persona  were  drowned.  The  coroner's  jury 
charges  the  engineer  with  manslaughter  and 
censures  the  company  for  not  adopting  proper 
measures  of  safety  in  the  matter  of  signals  at 
the  drawbridge. 

The  Wellington  Coal  Mines.  —  Advices 
from  Victoria,  B.  C,  are  to  the  effjct  that  the 
situation  at  the  Wellington  mines  remains 
unchanged,  and  the  prospects  are  that  the 
mines  will  be  closed  down  indi  finitely.  The 
steam  collier  Costa  Rica,  which  depended  upon 
the  mines  for  a  oarg  ,  is  doing  nothing.  Her 
crew,  including  the  captain,  have  been  pa.id 
off  and  diauharged. 

Cedros  Island  Ore. — The  ateamer  Pomona 
brougbb  LO  Sju  Fi'ancuco  thia  week  frim  San 
Diego  100  tone  of  ore  taken  out  of  the  minea  on 
Cedros  Island,  off  the  coast  of  Lower  Califor- 
nia. The  mines  on  this  island  have  not  been 
worked  for  a  number  of  years  until  a  short 
time  ago,  when  they  were  again  started.  The 
ore  waa  shipped  to  San  Diego  by  the  steamer 
Carlos  Pacbeco, 


386 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[June  7,  1890 


PARKE    &    LACY  COMPANY 

IMPORTERS    AND    MANnPACTDRBRS    OP 

MINING,     MILL    and    GENERAL     MACHINERY. 


HNGINBS,  BOILERS,  STEAM  PUMPS, 

AIR  COMPRESSORS,  ROOK  DRILLS, 
WALL'S  CRUSHING  ROLLS, 

CONCENTRATORS,  PULVERIZERS, 
TURBINE  WATER  WHEELS, 

ROOK  BREAKERS,  DRY  JIGS. 

Bullock*s  Diamond  Drills 


GOLDEN  GATE  CONCENTRATORS, 

GREATEST  CAPACITY  OF  ANY  CONCENTRATOR  MADE, 

One  Machine  Taking  Pulp  from  10  Stamps. 


SAW    MILLS,    MACHINE    TOOLS, 
PLANING  MILLS,  INJECTORS  and  EJECTORS 
BELTING,  PACKING,  OILS,  LUBRICATORS, 
FIRE    EXTINGUISHERS, 
CENTRIFUGAL  PUMPS 
ROTARY  PUMPS,  GANG  EDGERS, 
CAMPBELL'S    STEAM    FEEDS, 
MILL    and    MINE    SUPPLIES. 


CrH^m:d.A.Tj    .A.GrXsisr'Fs    z*oxi 


WESTINGHOUSE    AUTOMATIC     ENGINES. 

SALES    DURINO    LAST    FOUR    MONTHS: 

r'r»1V/rT>r»TTTSTr»  44  engines,  R'T'A'Nrr»AT?r»  99  ENGINES,  TTTTJTnT?  166  ENGINES, 

\J\J13H.Ir\J>J  IMJJ,    5«1S  HOBSE  POWER.  O  ±J^±^  Uja.JL\iXJ,    4500  HOBSE  POWER.  ll  U  J.>l  iV^XV,    4%60  HORSE  POWER. 

Gnca,mA    ^ota.1,    309    Xlnglues,    .A.gsx'ega.'tlxxg    13.97S    XZox-se    X>o-V7C-ex-. 

21  and  23  Fremont  St.,  San  Prancisco,  Cal.  189  Clarence  St.,  Sydney,  N.  S.  W. 


MANUPACTUHEB    OP ■ 


J.,™ 


CENTRIFUGAL  ROLLER  QUARTZ  MILLS, 

Concentrators  and  Ore  Crushers, 
Mining  Machinery  of  Every  Description.        Steam  Engines  and  Shingle  Machines. 


SEND    FOR    CIRCULAR. 


Gentrtfagal  Roller  Quartz  Mill. 


SX3     X^XXISTT*     S'FXl'EIXl'r. 


S-A-INT     ^•J^.A.Va^C^ISGO,     0.£k.X^ 


've;     3Vfl:<3]xrE; 


BY     USING 


WATER  POWER  TRANSMITTED  BY  ELECTRICITY 

To  Run  your   Mills,   Hoists   and   Trams. 

For  CircaUr  giving  particulars  send  to 

KEITH    ELECTRIC    CO.. 


-  MANDFAOTDREKS  OF  - 


Apparatus  for  Electric  Light  and  Electric  Power 

OFFICE,  40  NEVADA  BLOCK, 

Factory,  Stevenson  St„  bet.  First  and  Eoker,  SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 

Rock  Drilling  and  Air  Compressing 
Machinery 

For  TUNNELS,  QUARRIES.  MINES,  RAILROADS 

And  Wherever  Ore  and  Rock  are  to  be  Drilled  and  Blasted, 

i^  SEND    FOK    MEW    CATAi:;OOnE    OF    1889.  -^31 


RAND    DRILL  CO., 

23  Park  Place,  New  York,  U.  S.  A. 


Vulcan  Iron  "Works, 

135-145  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco,  Oal. 

Mining  Machinery.  Steam  Engines. 


STAMP  BATTERIES, 

PANS  AND  SETTLERS, 

ROCK  BREAKERS,  ETC.,  ETC. 


SAW-MILL  ] 

cable-road     ^machinery. 
refrigeratingJ 


Special  Machinery  to  Order. 

AERIAL    WIRE    ROPEWAYS. 

(Vulcan  Patent  System) 

SINGLE,   ENDLESS    TRAVELING  ROPE. 

Elevated  OD  Wooden  Posts,  from  ISO  to  2000  feet  apart, 
conveyioEt  Buckets  of  Ore,  Coal,  Wood,  etc. 


No  Possibility  of  liOad  Slipping^. 

Cheapest  Form  of  Transportation. 

No  road  Deeded;    can  be  ruo  vertically.    No  power 
needed  if  angle  of  descent  be  more  than  S  degrees. 

CAN   SPAN   GUI.CHSS   SOOO   FXIKT   WIDE. 


ESTABLISHED    1866. 


Pacific  Chemical  Works. 

HENRY    G.    HANKS, 

PraGticai  and  Industrial  Chemist,  Assayer 
and  Geologist, 


718  MONTGOMERY  ST., 


SAN  FRANCISCO. 


4^W111  report  on  the  condition  and  value  of  any  mining  property  on 
the  Pacific  Coast.  Rare  Chemicals  made  to  order.  Instructions  given  in 
^saying  and  Prootioal  Chemistry. 


I 


May  31,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


387 


AMALGAMATING  MACHINERY. 

stamp  Mills  lor  Wei  or  Dry  Crushing. 
Huntington  Centrifugal  Quartz  Mill.  Orflng 
Cylinders.  Amalgamating  Pans,  Settlers, 
Agitators  and  Concentrators,  Retorts,  Bul- 
lion and  Ingot  Moulds,  Conveyors,  Elevators, 
Bruckners  and  Howell's  Improved  Wtilte's 
Roasting  Furnaces,  Etc, 


FRASER  &  CHALMERS, 

MINING  MACHINERY 


CONCENTRATING  MACHINERY. 


IMPROVED  CORLISS  vaTv^eVV^Im  ENGINES.     »     BOILERS 


Blake,  Dodgoand  Comet  Crushers.  Cornish 
Crushing  and  Finishing  Rods.  Hartz  Plunger 
and  Collom  Jigs.  Fruo  Vanncr  &  Embrey 
Concentrators.  Evans'.  Calumet,  Collom's 
and  Rlttenger's  Slime  Tables.  Trommels. 
Wire  Cloth  and  Punched  Plates.  Ore  Sam* 
pie    Grinders  and  Heberle  Mills. 


HORIZONTAL.    VERTICAL 
.  .  .  AND  SECTIONAL.  .  .  . 


XBffilPmOVEO     STEAlVr     SX.^BS]Pe 


Hoisting  Engines, 
Safety  Cages, 

Safety  Hooks, 

Ore  CARS,  Water&Ore 
BUCKETS, 

Air  Compressors, 

Rock  Drills,  Etc. 

GENERAL  MILL  AND 
MINING  SUPPLIES,  ETC, 
Sectional  Machinery 

FOR 

MULE-BACK 

TRANSPORTATION. 


Pumping  Engines 

and  Cornish 

Pumping  Machinery, 

IMPROVED 
WATER    JACKET 

Blast  Furnaces  for 
Calena&CopperOres, 

SLAC  CARS  AND  POTS, 

Roots  &,  Baker 
Pressure  Blowers, 

SUSPENDED 

TRAMWAYS. 


General  Offices  and  Works:     FULTON  AND  UNION  STS.,  CHICAGO,   iLL. 


DDSIIPU    nCCIf^CQi    NEW  YORK,  Room  43,  No.  2  Wall  St.        DENVER,  COLO.,   13  I  6  Eighteenth  St.       SALT  LAKE   CITY,  UTAH, 

pnnnun  urrioco.      7  ^.  seoorid  south  st.     London,  enc,  23  Bucniersbury,  e.  o.     chihuahua  city,  Mexico,  no.  i  i 

Oalle  de   Juarez.        LIMA,  PERU,  South  America.        JOHANNESBURG.  TRANSVAAL,  South  Africa. 

HI<:l,BNA,  MONTANA,  Koom  28,  Merchants'  National  Bank  BoJlding,  No.  North  Uain  St. 
SOLH    WESTERN    AGENTS    FOB    TYLBK    WIRE    WORKS    DOUBLE    ORIMPBID    MINING    OLOTHS. 


ftetalllirgy  apd  Ore^. 


SELBY 

SMELTING  and  LEAD  CO.. 

416  ]Iontg:omery  St.,  San  Francisco, 

GOLD    AND    SILVER    REFINERY 
And  Assay  Office. 

Highest  Prices  Paid  for  Qold,  Silver  and 
Lead  Ores  and  Snlphureti. 

BLUESTONE, 

LEAD  PIPE, 

SHEET  LEAD, 

SHOT,  Etc.,  Etc. 

AliSO  HANUPAOTimUU    OF 

Standard    Shot-Gun    Cartridges, 

Under  ChambcrliD  Patent. 


JAMBS    LBFFBL'S 

Mining  Turbine  Water  Wheel. 

These  Wheels  are  designed  for  all  purposes  where  limited  quantities  of  water  and 
high  heads  are  utilized,  and  are  ^aranteed  to  give  more  power  with  less  water  than 
any  other  wheel  made.  Being  placed  on  horizontal  shaft,  the  power  is  transmitted 
direct  to  shafting  by  belts,  dispensing  with  gearing. 

Estimates  fumished  on  application  for  wheels  specially  built  and  adapted  in 
capacity  to  suit  any  particular  case. 

Further  iotormation  can  be  obtained  of  this  form  of  conBtruction,  na  well  as  the 
ordinary  Vertical  Turbines  for  Wooden  Penstocks  and  In  Iron  Qlobe  Cases,  free  of  cost, 
.by  applying  to  the  manufacturers. 


JAMES 
Springfield,  Ohio, 


LEFFEL    &    OO., 

or  110  Liberty  St.,  Kew  York, 


FRASER    &    CHALMERS,  General  Aeents, 

Ohlcago,  111.,  and  Denver,  CoL 

PARKE    Si   LACY,  General  Agents,  San  Pranclaoo,  Cal. 


The  Best  Mining  District 

On  the  Pacific  Coast  t 

GRASS    VALLEY,  CAL. 


THE  BEST  NEWSPAPER  published   in   the  district  is 

■rxxx:  "Txx^xisrorjs, 

Daily  and  Weekly  edition.  Gives  all  the  Mining  News. 
Dealers  in  Mining  Machioery  and  Mining  Supplies  will 
find  THE  TIDINGS  the  beat  medium  for  directly  reach- 
ing the  owners  or  managers  of  mines.  loveatora  in 
mines  will  find  it  to  their  advantage  to  subscribe. 

Many  mines  are  in  succesaful  operation,  and  new 
enterprises  are  being  instituted  and  many  others  are  in 
contemplation. 

DAILY,  86  00  a  year;  WERKLY,  S2  50,  in  advance. 
H.  S.  SPAULDING,  Publisher. 

T.  C.  HOCKING,  Editor. 


BUSINESS     COLLEGE, 


^OJt 


24  POST  ST..  S.  F. 
SEVENTY-FIVE      DOI^LARS    THIfc 


_  College  Instructs  In  Shorthand,  Type  Writing,  Boob 
Keeping,  Telegraphy,  Penmanship,  Drawing,  all  the  &n 
gllflh  branches,  and  everything  pertaining  to  business 
for  six  full  months.  We  have  sixteen  teachers,  and  givt 
Individual  instruction  to  all  our  pupils.  Our  school  hat 
its  graduates  In  every  part  of  ths  State. 

MTSuni  FOR  ClROUliAR. 

E.  P.  HSALD,  PreeldeDi 
O.  8.  HALET.  Secretary. 


School  of  Practical,  Civil,  Mechanical  and 
MINING  ENGINEERING, 

Surveyliig,  ArcMtecture,  Drawing  ana  Assaying 

723    MARKET    STREET, 

The  History  Building,  SiN  Prancisco,  Cal 

A.  VAN  DER  NAILLEN,  President. 

Assaying  of  Ores,  S26;  Bullion  and  Chlorination  Assay, 
S26;  Blowpipe  Assay,  510.     Full  course  of  assaying,  850. 

i^Send  for  circular. 

OF 

ASSAYING    AND    CHBMISTEY, 

Rooms  46  Ss  47,  1628  MontBomery  St. 

2d  Floor  Montgomery  Bl'k. )         San  Franclaco, 
Also,  Evening  ClasBes,  7  to  10  o'clock. 

JOHN  T.  EVANS,  M.  A.,  Principal 


LIDGERWOOD  MFG.  GO., 


-  MANUFAOTUREKS  OF  - 


HOISTING  ENGIMES 


300  Styles  ana  Sizes,  Over  6000  in  Use, 

96  Liberty  St  ,  Now  XorV. 

34  &  »6  Went  lUoDroe  St ,  Chicago. 

1»7  to303CoDgressSt..Bo8tt>D. 


PARKE  &  LACY  CO., 

Acents, 
SAN  FRANCISCO.  CALIFORNIA  i 

Send  for  Catalogue. 


ADAMANTINE  SHOES  &  DIES 

FOR    STAMP    MILLS. 

These  SHOES  and  DIES  are  in  extensive  use  in  all  the  mining  States  and 
Territories  of  North  and  South  America.  Guaranteed  to  prove  better  and  cheaper 
than  any  othtrs.  Orders  solicited,  subject  to  above 
conditions. 

— SrANUFACTURED    BY— 

CHROME  STEEL  WORKS,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 
H.  D.  MOEBIS,  Agent, 

330  Frecaunt  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


Special  attention  given  to  the  purchase  of  Mine  ana  MiU  supplies. 


Engraving.llHS 


Superior  "Wood  and  Metal  Engrav- 
ing, Bleotrotyping  and  Stereotyping 
'done  at  the  office  oC  this  paper. 


THOMAS  PRICE  &  SON, 

Assay  Oflace,  Chemical  Laboratory, 

BULLION  ROOMS  and  ORE  FLOORS, 

524  Sacramento  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

COIN  RETURNS  ON  ALL  BULLION  DEPOSITS  IN  24  HOURS. 

WORKING    TESTS    OF    ORES    BY    ALL    PROCESSES. 

SPECIAL  ATTENTION  PAID  TO  CONCENTRATION  OF  ORES. 

Ores  Received  on  Oonsignment,  Sampled,  Assayed,  and  Disposed 
of  in  the  Open  Market  to  the  Highest  Bidder. 


JOHN  TAYLOR  &  CO., 

IUPORTBRJB   and   DBALBaa   IN 

ASSAYERS'    MATERIALS,     MINE 
AND  MILL  SUPPLIES, 

ALSO  CHEMICALS,   AND    PHYSICAL,  SCHOOL    AND 

CHEMICAL  APPAKAXUd. 
63  &  65  First  St.,  cor.  Mlsttlon^San  Francisco, 

Ay--^  We  would  call  the  attention  of  -r-  "  "r^^ 
Assayers,  Chemiata,  Mining  Com-  ^^^^£^5?^/ 
panies,  Milling  Companies,  Pros-  ^SWTERS^ 
pectors,  etc. ,  to  onr  full  stock  of  ^-— -t:^ 
Balances,  Furnaces,  Muffles,  Cruclhlee,  Soorl- 
flers,  etc,  including,  also,  a  full  stock  of 
Chemicals. 

Having  been  engaged  in  furnishing  these  sup* 
plies  sinoi  the  first  discovery  of  mines  on  the 
Pacific  Coast,  we  feel  confident  from  our  experi- 
ence we  can  well  suit  the  demand  for  these 
goods,  both  as  to  "quality  and  price. 

Agents  for  the  Morgan  Crucible  Co.* 
Battersea,  England.  Also  for  J£.  O.  Dennis- 
ton's  Silver  Plated  Amalgam  Plates.  The  plates 
of  this  well-known  manufacturer  are  thoroughly  relia- 
ble, and  full  weight  of  Silver  guaranteed.  Ordeis  taken 
at  his  lowest  prices.  Our  Illustrated  Catalogue  and  As 
say  Tables  sent  free  on  application. 

JOHN  TAYLOR  A  OO. 


Nevada  Metallurgical  Works. 

NO.  23  STEVENSON  STREET, 

Near  First  and  Market  Streets.  S.  F. 

0.  A.  LnosHARDT,  Manager.  Establishid  18S0. 

Ores  worked  by  any  Prooeaa. 
Ores  Sampled, 

Assaying  in  all  its  Branches. 
Analyses  of  Ores,  Minerals,  Waters,  eta. 
Working  Tests  (practical)  Made. 
Plans   and   Specifications   furnished   for   the 
most  suitable  Process  for  Working  Ores. 

Special  attention  paid   to  Examinations  of 
Mines;  Flans  and  Reports  furnished. 

O.  A.  L0OKHARDT  &  CO.. 
(Formerly  Hubn  &  Luokhardt, 
UlnlEur  Engineers  and  MetallursrlBts 


GREAT    REDUCTION! 

battery"~soreens. 

Best  and  Cheapest  in  America. 

ISo  imitation,  no  deception,  no  planished  or  rotten 
Iron  used.  Only  genuine  Russia  iron  In  Quartz  Screens. 
Planished  iron  screens  at  nearly  half  my  former  rates. 

I  base  a  large  supply  of  Battery  Screens  on  band 
suitable  for  the  Huntington  and  all  Stamp  Mills,  which  I 
will  sell  at  20  per  cent  diecount. 


»a^»^ 


^^^^  I*  '      -     '  ' '  j.V'     *T*T'i 
PERFORATED  SHEET  METAL 

For  Flour  and  Rice  Mills,  Grain  Separators,  Revolving 
and  Shot  Screens,  Stamp  Batteries  and  all  kinds  of  Min 
ing  and  Milling  Machinery.  Iron,  Steel,  Copper,  Brass. 
Zinc  and  other  metala  punched  for  all  uses. 

Inventor  and  Manufacturer  of  the  celebrated  Slot  Cut 
or  burred  and  Slot  Punched  Screens. 

Mining  Screens  a  specialty,  from  No.  1  to  15  (finej. 
Orders  promptly  attended  to. 

San  Francisco  Pioneer  Screen  Works, 

221  &  223  First  St.,  Saa  Francisco,  Cal. 

JOHN  W.  QUICK,  Proprietor. 


WINCHESTER  HOUSE, 


44  Third  Street, 


San  Francisco,  Gal. 


Thia  Fireproof  Brick  Building  is  cenirally  located,  in 
the  healthiest  part  of  the  city,  only  a  half  block  from  the 
Graud  and  Palace  Hotels,  aod  close  to  all  bteamboat  and 
Railroad  Ollices. 

Laundry  Free  for  the  use  of  Families. 


HOT  AND  COLD  BATHS  PKEE. 


Terms,  Board  and  Room,  $1.00  per  Day 

And  Upward. 

Booms  with  or  without  Board. 

Free  Coach  to  the  Home 


888 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press, 


[June  7,  1890 


rQAF^KET   ^EPOF^TS. 


Local  Markets, 

San  Francisco,  June  5.  i8go. 

General  trad"  was  only  lair  the  past  wtek.  The 
unuvorable  influences  heretofore  reported— tariff 
and  silver  legislation — are  siill  telt.  The  light  sup- 
ply of  near-by  and  spot  tonnage  is  also  cause  for 
conservatism,  owing  to  the  belief  that  wheat  will 
mjve  slow  for  the  first  three  months  of  the  new- 
crop  season,  which  will  make  close  collections. 

The  money  market  continues  easy,  but  there  is  a 
growing  impression  that  there  will  be  considerable 
stringency  in  August  and  September,  owing  to  the 
demand  for  crop  purposes  and  the  light  return  re- 
mittances until  toward  the  forepart  of  October. 
Considerable  money  is  being  disbursed  for  im- 
provements—buildmg,  etc.— in  this  and  adjoining 
cities,  and  liberal  disbursements  are  being  m  ide  tor 
railroad  building,  repairs,  and  other  interior  im- 
provements. 

The  steamer  leaving  here  for  Hong  Kong.  June 
4,  took  out  $301,632  in  Mexican  dollars  and  $13,- 
727  in  gold  com. 

MEXICAN  DOLLARS— There  was  a  fair  de- 
mand lor  shipment  by  the  last  outgoing  steamer  to 
China,  The  market  has  held  steady  at  8o54@8ic, 
closing  firm. 

SILVER — Adverse  and  bear  reports  regarding 
prospective  silver  legislation  had  an  unfavorable  in- 
fluence on  the  market  at  the  East  and  also  in  Eu- 
rope. Although  everything  was  done  to  depress  the 
market,  biraetaliists  did  not  lose  faitn,  but  on  the 
contrary  felt  more  confident  that  the  unfavorable 
criticism  regarding  the  possibility  of  no  silver  legis- 
lation would  be  the  means  of  bringing  about  a  free 
coinage  Act.  Our  Washington  advices  indicate 
that  a  vote  in  the  Senate  on  the  silver  bill  will  prob- 
ably be  reached  during  this  month,  and  that  in  July 
the  bill  will  be  passed.  It  is  confidently  asserted  that 
Congress  will  not  ignore  the  demand  of  the  country, 
which  is  unmistakably  in  favor  of  free  coinage.  With 
free  coinage  in  this  country  and  the  Comstock  mines 
yielding  nearly  all  gold,  it  will  be  only  a  short  time 
belore  the  European  Governments  will  fall  into 
Une  and  favor  bimetallism.  It  is  asserted  by  those 
who  should  know  that  European  capitalists  read- 
ing the  signs  of  the  times  are  investing  in  mining 
property  in  ihis^  country.  A  piivate  letter  from 
J.  B.  Parish,  mining  engineer,  Denver,  Colorado, 
states  that  he  is  kept  exceedingly  busy  in  reporting 
on  mines,  and  that  English  capitalists  are  paying 
moie  than  ever  before.  This  shows  the  present 
drift  of  affairs.  It  is  claimed  that  the  Rothschilds 
have  been  investing  on  this  coast. 

In  the  local  market  silver  shaded  off  to  $1.03, 
then  to  $1.02^,  but  at  the  close  the  tendency  is  up- 
ward under  higher  prices  abroad.  Exporters  named 
$t.o3  to-day,  which  would  cause  the  Mint  to  pay 
more  on  a  firm  selling  offer. 

Private  cables  received  to-day  from  London 
quote  silver  at  47J^d,  which  is  quite  an  advance  on 
yesterday's  price  ot  46?^d.  New  York  came  through 
at$i.03J<. 

QUICKSILVER— Receipts  the  past  week  ag- 
gregate 223  fl-isks,  and  exports  by  sea  30  fi  isks  to 
AucKland  and  58  flasks  to  Mexico.  The  market 
continues  firm.  The  home  or  coast  consumption 
is  reported  large. 

LIME— Receipts  the  past  week  aggregate  6380 
bbls.,  and  exports  50  bbls.  to  Honolulu.  The  de- 
mand shows  a  slight  increase.  The  market  is 
easy. 

BORAX— Exports  by  sea  the  past  week  aggre- 
gate 63,780  lbs.  to  Liverpool.  The  market  is  barely 
steady.  Some  concessions  are  reported  to  large 
buyers. 

ANTIMONY — The  local  works  are  running  to  full 
capacity  and  turning  out  about  750  lbs.  a  day.  The 
market  is  easier  under  better  supplies, 

IRON— The  market  is  overstocked,  but  large 
holders  are  not  disposed  to  make  much  if  any  con- 
cessions. The  consumption  is  enlarging.  The  East 
and  Europe  report  firmer  markets.  Imports  the 
past  week  aggregate  250  tons  from  New  York. 

LEAD— The  market  holds  strong.  Our  Eastern 
advices  report  consumers  buying  in  a  small  way, 
but  holders  are  firm  in  their  views.  The  specula- 
tive movement  was,  at  last  advices,  less  pronounced. 

TIN— The  market  continues  strong,  with  a  good 
home  consumption.  The  quantity  used  this  year 
will  not  vary  much  from  that  of  1889.  The  East  re- 
ports an  uncertain,  hesitating  market,  yet  the  tone 
was  steady.  EnsHsh  cables  report  plate  active, 
with  the  market  stiffer. 

COPPER— Exports  by  sea  the  past  week  aggre- 
gated 31  ingots  to  Hamburg.  The  home  demand 
continues  free  at  full  prices.  The  East  is  reported 
as  follows:  The  consumptive  demand  is  represented 
as  being  phenomenal,  and  absorbing  the  product  of 
the  mines  so  closely  that  the  mining  companies  or 
other  holders  will  consider  offers  at  the  last  prices 
quoted  wheie  deliveries  further  ahead  than  August 
are  asked  for.  Quite  a  large  block  of  Arizona  ingot 
has  been  disposed  of  at  13.90@13.g5c,  and  14c  is 
now  a  strictly  inside  price  lor  that  class  of  material. 
Common  casting  brands  were  sold  at  i3.35@':3-4oc 
during  the  week,  but  at  the  close  13MC  seemed  to 
be  the  lowest  at  which  any  could  be  secured.  Our 
private  cables  state  that  French  holders  are  still 
realizing  in  the  foreign  markets,  but  prices  there 
continue  to  advance,  and  merchant  bars  are  up 
to  j^54  SS.@S4  los.  in  London. 

COAL- Imports  of  coal  the  past  week  aggregate 
as  follows:  Coos  Bay,  1150  tons;  Seattle,  4560; 
Comox,  4300;  Tacoma,  4000;  Newcastle,  N.  S.  W., 
3325;  Nanaimo.  1300;  Kobe,  1750;  Departure  Bay, 
2260;  total,  22,595  tons.  The  market  for  spot  is 
steady  at  unchanged  quotations.  The  demand 
for  steam  is  active.  The  strike  in  the  Wellington 
mine  is  still  on.  For  AustraUan,  importers'  views 
are  strong,  but  buyers  do  not  appear  disposed  to 
operate  much  for  distant  shipments  unless  offered 
concessions.  Some  offdr  $7.  Importers  ask  more, 
by  from  i2j^c  to  25c  a  ton. 

Always  Take  a  Receipt. 

Subgcribers  to  this  paper  are  earnestly  requested  to 
take  a  receipt  for  every  payment  made  on  aiibiitiption, 
DO  matter  how  bibUI  the  amount  or  to  whim  jaid.  We 
use  printed  receipts,  with  stubs  attached,  to  prevent 
pilstakes,  through  cateleasnees  (or  other  reaBrn),  by 
pRenta  or  others.  For  our  mutual  interests  tahe  a  re- 
^eiptt  whether  you  preserve  it  or  not. 


Eastern  Metal  Markets. 

By  Telegraph. 
New  York,   June   4.— The   following  are  the  cl.sing 
prices  the  p..st  week: 

Silver  In    Silver  in 
London.  New  York,  '^opper, 


1  C24 

i'oi} 

1  Oii 
1  OIJ 
1  02 


SI  6  a5 


15  25 

15  50 

16  50 


Lead. 

?4  32 


Tin. 

;2l  30 


4  ao 

4  31) 


21  00 
21  00 


2I@      22 


7m 


Thursday..  .4e3 

friday 

Saturday. ...4Ci3 

Monday 46  9-16 

Tuesday 46i 

W"ednesdav..46.? 

Nkw  York,  June  3.— Quicksilver  steady  at  72@74c. 
Borax  steady;  Sg(«9j  for  California  refined  and  powdcrtd. 
Copper  quiet,  firm;  Lake,  ingot,  ISi^lSJiu;  spo>,  i5l@155c; 
future  Arizona,  14c;  oistiog,  ISJc;  London,  strong. 
About  500  tons  ot  pig  lead  sold  for  use  at  §4.25@1,30  to 
speculative  inquiry. 

San  Francisco  Metal  Market. 

WHOLESAXpE. 

THUBSDATf,  June  5, 

AUTTMONY 

BOBAX— Refined,  in  carload  lota  .., 

Powdered  "         "       "... 

Concentrated      "         "       "    .., 

All  grades  jobbing  at  an  advance. 
Copper— 

Bolt , 

Sheathing 

Ingot,  jobbing 

do,  wholesale 

Fire  Box  Sheets 

Leajd— Pig 

Bar 

Sheet , 

Pipe 6 

Shot,  discount  10%  on  600  baga     Drop,  ^  bag.  1  55 

Buck,  ^  bag 1  75 

Ohilled.  do 1  95 

TiNPLATE— B.  v.,  steel  grade,  14x20,  to  arrive.      — 

B.  V,,  steel  grade,  14s2U,  spot 4  75 

nharcoal,  14x20 6  75  (ec  7  00 

do  roofing,  14x20 6  00  @      — 

do.  do,  20x28 12  00  @      — 

Pig  tin,  spot,  ^  lb 21  @      21i 

COEiE-Eng.,  ton,  spot,  in  blk 13  50  (cC14  50 

Do,  do,  to  load 12  00  @l.i  .^iO 

Qdioksilvek— By  the  flask 57  00  <a58  00 

Flasks,  new "^ 

Flftsks.  old    - 

Chrome  Iron  Ore,  ^  ton 
Iron— Ear,  base... 

Norway,  base 4i'@ 

Steel— English,  lb 16  (fc 

Canton  tool 9  @ 

Black  Diamond  tool 9  @ 

Pick  and  Hammer 

Machinery 

Toe  Calk , 

Spot. 
Iron— Glengarnock  ton 35  00. @ 

Eglinton,  ton 35  00  0 

American  Soft,  No,  1,  ton.. @35  00 

Oregon  Pig,  ton @35  00 

Puget  Sound 35  00  @ 

Clay  Lane  White (p2    00 

Shotts,  No.  1 35  00  Co35  00 

Bar  Iron  (base  price)  ^  lb. . .      —  @      — 

Langloau  35  CO  @ 

ThovuclifFe 35  00  @ 

Gartsberrie 35  00  @ 

Barrow 35  00  @ 

Thomas 35  00  @ 

CargoHeet 32  50  @ 


.      35  (» 

,  10  CO{ffi- 
3  @ 


4  @       6 
4l(®        — 

To  Load. 

34  @  - 

32ifa  — 
32.1@  — 


-  @  - 

27?@  - 
32i@  - 


34  d 
34  ( 


32i  ( 


Coal. 


Australian  . . . 
Liverpool  St'ra 
Scotch  Splint. 


7  25  @  7  50 

8  00  @- 

8  OO  @  9  00 


Cardiff S  60  @—  - 


Lehigh  Lump..  16  50@17  00 

Cumberland  bk  16  00@ 

Egg,  hard 15  00@ 


SPOT    FROM   YAUD. 


Wellington S  9  00 

Greta     S  00 

Westminster  Brymbo.    9  00 

Nanaimo 9  OO 

Sydney 8  00 

Oilman 7  00 


Seattle 7  00 

Coos  Bay 6  00 

Canuet 12  00 

Egg,  hard 17  00 

Cumberland,  in  sacks  16  00 
do.  bulk 14  00 


CANADIAN   ANTHRACITE   COAL. 

Egg.shipside §12  SOlSiove,  yi-rd §15  00 

Eijtf,  yard 15  COlNut,  yard 15  lO 


Mining  Share  Market. 

The  market  opened  weak  on  Monday,  and  un- 
der fair  selling  by  the  outside  public,  prices  shaded 
off  up  to  Tuesday  morning,  when  a  belter  tone  set 
in,  with  a  demand  for  Potosi  and  Bullion,  Wed- 
nesday witnessed  more  activity,  with  Potosi  and 
Bullion  still  climb -ng.  Following  in  their  wake 
came  Exchequer,  Chollar  and  Savage.  The  re- 
maining stocks  did  not  show  much  activity,  but 
strengthened  slightly  in  sympathy.  There  were  un- 
mistakable signs  that  the  pool  was  still  in  the  mar- 
ket, for,  notwithstanding  bull  points  on  the  street, 
they  were  not  able  to  sell  but  hard  to  buy,  so  as  to 
sustain  the  market  and  advance  quotations  toward 
the  close.  The  market  has  a  healthy  lock  for  an 
upward  move,  but  how  much,  the  writer  can  form 
no  idea,  not  being  on  the  inside.  The  upward  move 
is  based  on  concentrated  stocks  and  assessments  to 
be  collected  preparatory  to  others  later  on. 

In  outside  stocks,  dealing  the  past  week  was 
light  in  the  Tuscaroras,  but  at  steady  prices.  In 
the  Bodies,  nothing  was  done.  In  Peer,  Central, 
Crocker  and  Peerless  of  the  Quijotoa  group,  trad- 
ing was  also  light.  Judging  from  appearances,  it 
looks  as  if  a  movement  is  near  at  hand  in  the  Tus- 
caroras under  the  new  control,  for  Grayson  Sr. 
should  do  something  in  that  direction  in  considera- 
tion of  giving  his  son  so  many  secretaryships;  be- 
sides, the  roads  in  that  district  are  in  good  condi- 
tion, and  summer  is  when  they  generally  deal  the 
stocks. 

This  week's  ofScial  letter  from  Hale  and  Norcross 
reports  running  into  porphyry  and  quartz  carrying 
some  water.  This  acknowledgment  of  a  strike, 
even  if  it  is  water,  must  be  a  source  of  gratification 
to  stockholders.  If  some  of  the  superintendents 
could  be  induced  to  carry  some  water,  perhaps  we 
would  have  more  intelligent  reports  from  the  mines. 

From  the  Comstock  mines  our  advices  continue 
of  the  most  gratifying  character.  Drifts  and  cross- 
cuts are  the  order  of  the  day.  It  looks  as  if  several 
of  the  mines  are  being  put  into  position  for  better 
working,  perhaps  to  show  up  the  ore  body  found  to 
the  west.  While  we  are  not  able  in  this  issue  to 
give  any  particulars  further  than  heretofore  publish- 
ed by  us,  yet  our  correspondent  is  more  hopeful 
than  ever  of  the  result.  He  states  that  it  is  the  in- 
tention to  sink  the  Potosi  winze  to  the  iioo  level 
before  drifting.  In  sinking  this  winze  this  stock 
will  be  more  of  a  gamble  than  ever,  for  the  character 
of  the  ore  in  the  winze  is  liable  to  change  every  few 
feet.  If,  in  sinking,  the  ore  should  be  richer  and 
wider,  then  the  proposition  is  for  a  mine;  but  if  poor 
ore  and  porphyry  come  in,  then  future  work  only 
can  demonstrate  "what  is  what." 

Work  from  the  Ward  Shaft  is  being  vigorously 


Ac[ubM&  MCo Califomia. 

Belcber  M  Co NevaLia..39.. 

Beat  &  Belchtr  M  Co Nevada.. 4lJ., 

Bodie  TuDUbl  Co California.  .16. . 

Gliallenge  Of>ns  M  Co Neaia..  6., 

Confidence  S  M  Co Nevada.  '" 

Cons  Imperial  M  Co Nevada, 

Ooua  New  York  M  Co Nevada..  J. 

Del  Monte  M  Co Nevada  .  3. 

Found  Treasure  M  Co Nevada,.  6. 

GoldHillMCo  CaliforDia..  9. 

Gould  &  Curry  M  Co Nevada.  .64. 

Gray  Kagle  M  Co Ca'ift)rnia,.17. 

Holines  M  Co, Nevada.. lu. 

Kentuck  M  Co Nevada.. 21. 

Locomoiive  M  Co Arizona..  7. 

Mexican  MCo Nevada . ,  40 

Morning  Star  Cons  M  Co Arizona . .  1 , 

Nortb  Commonwealth  M  Co.  ...Nevada..  'J 

Occidental  <  ons  M  Co Nevada. .  6. 

I'eerleas  M  Co Arizona.,  5. 

Seg  Eelclier&  Midea  Cons  MCo.Nevada..  6, 

tierra  Nevada  M  Co Nevada.  .97, 

Silver  Hill  M  Co Nevada.  .26. 

Standard  Cons  M  Co California. .  3 

Tere?aM  Co Mexiiio,.  1, 

True  Cons  M  Co Oalifornia..  9. 


.27 


3.. Mar  20.. 
50. .Apr  29... 

25..M.y  17.. 
25. .May  21.. 
50. .May  14.. 
75.. May  10..... Tun  13,. 
5.. Apr  17.... May  22,, 
15. .May  22, ...June  26.. 
20. .Apr  16. ...May  2d.., 
25. .May  22. ...June  27.. 
25. .Apr  17.. ..May  24., 
30., Apr  2S....Jnne  3... 

May  l.,..Junelil.. 

28..Maylv!....JuD24.. 
.Apr  2it,,..June  3.. 


30.. 


MINING    SHAREHOLDERS'    DIRECTORY. 

COMPILBD  KVERY   THURSDAY    FROM   ADVHRT18BMENT6  IN   TUB   MINING  AKD   SCIENTIFIC   PRBBB   AND   OTUBR   S.  F.    JOURNALS 

ASSESSMENTS. 
Company.  Location.  No.  Am't.  Levibd.    Delinq't.     Sale.     Secrstart.  Place  op  Eubinbbs. 

..June  2,..June  23..JM  Buffiugton 3if3  Oalffomia  St 

.June  3. . . .  Jun  24.  .C  L  Perkins 329  Pine  St 

..Junl7 Inly  a,.LOiborn 309  Montgomery  St 

.June  25... -July  16.. C  C  Harvey 313  California  St 

}Jun  17...  July  8..C  L  McCoy 329  Pine  St 

.July  2..A  S  Groth 414  California  St 

.June  11.. CL  McCoy 3.;9  Pine  St 

..July  17., CIS  Elliott 309  Montgomery  St 

June  13..JWPew 310  Pine  St 

.  July  18.,8Stadfeld,  Jr 309  Montgomery  St 

June    10.. 0  A  Grose Phelan  Block 

.Jun  26..  A  K  Durbira 309  Montgomery  8t 

Juua30..J  MEuflington ...3l'3  Califomia  St 

..July  15. .CE  Elliott 309  Montgomery  St 

.,Jun  24,.  J  WPew 310  Pine  St 

May    l.,,.Jun    4.... Jun  23..AHFi.-h 309  Montgomery  St 

May  13.,..  Jun  IS...,  July  9..C  E  Elliott 309  Montgomery  St 

Arr  3u....May  31....Jun21..I  WNowUn 230  Montgo-  ery  St 

J.,      lis..  Apr  16....  May  21...  June  25..  J  W  Pew 310  Pine  St 

6..      25..  Apr  28.,..  June  6....  Jun  30..  A  K  Diurbim 309  Montgomery  St 

5..      10.. Mar  28.... Apr  30....Jime  9,. A  Waterman 308  Montgomery  St 

6.,      30, .May  5. ...June  9. .,. June  30, .E  B  Holmes 309  Moutgomery  St 

7..      50.. May  10....  Jun  12....  July  2..EL  Parker 309  Montcomery  St 

6..      iO..Apr  14.... May  20,.,.  June  11.. D  C  Bates 309  Montgomery  St 

3.,      50.,Jime  2,.  ..July  15... .Aug  14..JWPew 310  Pine  St 

1..      10. .May    9..., Jun  13..,.Jun2J.  A  Cbeminant 328  Montgomery  fit 

9..        2!.May26....July  21.,  ..f^ept  15..  J  C  Bates 4a4  Calif  ornia  St 

MEETINGS  TO  BE  HBSLD. 
Name  of  CoMPAiiTY.  LonATiON.    Seoeetart  Offioe  in  S.  F  Meeting  Date 

Brodie  Cms  M  Co California.  .E  L  Biirling 309  Montgomery  St.. . .....Annual June  16 

HomtBtake  M  Co Dakota.. J  C  Stump  309  Montgomery  St  Annual June  10 

liATBST  DIVIDENDS— WITHIN  THREE  MONTHS. 
Name  op  Company.  Location.     Seobbtasy.  Office  in  S.  F.  Amount.  Payajblh: 

Cbampion  M  Co Calif  ornia.,T  Wetzel ...522  Moutgomery  St 10 Jan  20 

Candelaria  Cons  M  Co... Mexico.. G  Gato 309  Moutgomery  St.., 25 Apr  5 

Caledonia  M  C Nevada.. A  S  Cbeminant... 328  Montgomery  St 08 May  15 

Con  Oalifornia  &  Va  M  Co Nevada.. A  W  Havens 300  Montgomery  St 25 Feb  10 

Derbec  Blue  Gravtl  M  Co California., T  Wetzel 522  Montgomery  St 10 Apr  24 

Idaho  M  Co California Grass  Valley 2  50 Mar  7 

Mt  Diablo  MCo  Nevada,  ,R  Heatb 319  Piue  St 30 Oct  2S 

Pacific  Boras  Salt&  Soda  Co,  ..California,. A  H  Clougb 230  M(mtEomery  St 1  00. June  10 


pushed.  From  a  reliable  source  we  are  advised  of 
an  important  strike  on  the  500-foot  level  in  Hale 
and  Norcruss.  Another  equally  as  reliable  party 
states  that  on  the  1200-foot  level  in  Chollar  they 
have  a  large  ore  body  averaging  across  its  face  $40 
a  ton.  The  official  letter  from  Savage  reports  that 
the  1300-foot  Hale  and  Norcross  drift  has  been 
extended  20  feet  into  the  former's  ground  and  was  in 
a  fine  body  of  quartz  giving  from  $7  to  $16  assays. 
The  official  letter  from  Belcher  reports  active  pros- 
pecting of  a  promising  character.  In  Challenge, 
Confidence  and  Con.  Imperial,  similar  work  is  being 
done,  with  favorable  results  looked  for. 

Our  con  espondent  speaks  very  hopefully  of  the 
work  going  on  in  the  North  End  mines,  and  predicts 
something  important  in  that  group.  The  official 
letter  from  Overman  reports  that  they  milled,  last 
wetk,  1176  tons  of  ore  at  the  Brunswick  mill,  giving 
$21.31  battery  assays,  of  which  $13.84  is  in  gold; 
and  64  tons  milled  at  the  Vivian  mill  g.ive  $24,04  a 
ton,  of  which  $14.98  was  gold.  They  shipped  three 
bars  of  bullion  on  May  19  and  22,  valued  at  S13,- 
769.  The  increased  crushing  at  the  Brunswick 
mill  proves  that  our  statement  that  40  stamps 
would  drop  on  the  Overman  ore  was  correct.  It 
would  be  singular  il  Overman  should  pay  a  divi- 
dend. Important  work  is  going  on  in  Seg.  Belcher 
and  also  in  Caledonia. 


Boise  City,  Capital  of  Idaho. 

Now  that  Idaho  la  about  to  be  admitted  as  a  State, 
puuioait  Qiion  id  centered  there.  It  is  known  to  be 
the  tliird  richest  precious  mineral-prLducing  State,  its 
output  being  seventeen  million  i  annually.  But  it  la  nnt 
80  ne  erally  known  lliat  Idah  has  a  delitrhtUii  c  imate, 
is  a  stock-growera  paradise,  and  a  great  farming  an  i 
lumber  producing  country.  Special  .ittcntioo  is  cal'ed 
to  the  card  of  tlie  Board  of  Tr  de,  Boise  City,  I'^aho,  in 
auoi/her  column,  solicitint;  capital  and  tkill  to  develop 
their  resources. 


Utah's  Mines. 


The  Real  Estate  Exchange  of  Salt  Lake  City,  Utah, 
desires  to  euter  into  corresfondence  with  Mioing  Men 
and  Capitalia'e,  The  purpose  is  to  encour^ee  the  devel- 
oj-ment  of  ihe  raining  intere  ts  of  Utah.  For  years  the 
outj  ut  of  Utah  mines  has  been  tight  to  ten  mi  lions  per 
aunum,  and  the  field  is  not  much  dtvelojjed.  A  point 
made  is  tha'  native  coat  now  produces  ihe  coke  used,  a 
very  impaitant  item.  It  is  encouraging  to  outside  cap- 
iia  fchiit  Uiah  reaches  out  a  helping,  friendly  hand. 
Detailed  infi  rmatioi  will  be  freely  fumislied  on  applica- 
tion to  the  lie*I  Estate  Exchange  of  Salt  Lake  City. 


BOISE  CITY,  CAPITAL  OF  IDAHO. 

Metropolis  and  by  provision  of  Constitution  Permanent 
Papital,  Uimsuil  opportunities  for  investment  and 
business.  Capital  needed.  Mortgages  neb  10  per  cent. 
Saw  mills,  brick  kilns,  woolen  mills,  iron  works  wanted. 
Unl  mlted  water  power.  Best  souety,  schools,  chu'-ches. 
i^er.'ect  (I'mate.  Stock  growers'  paradise.  Free  Gov- 
ernment L,and.  Gr-  at  grain,  fruit  and  vegetable 
country.  Field  crops  net  -^25  p  r  acre.  Idaho,  "Gem  of 
the  MountainB,"  will  aom  be  a  State.  Third  in  precious 
minerals.  Output  last  year,  S17,000.000.00.  Ccnibine 
busintas  with  pleasure  and  visit  us.    Excutgion  rates. 

IDAHO,   "GEM   OF  THE   MOUNTAINS." 

Idaho's  rapid  increase  in  late  years  in  mineral  pro- 
duction is  due  to  the  BcieLtific  methods  formed  by  capital 
and  luug  experience.  There  is  larje  opportunity 
throughout  tiie  mining  districts  cf  Idaho  to  develop 
mines  with  almost  the  fertain..y  of  large  protits.  GolJ 
bullion  is  cashed  at  the  Governmmt  assay  otfioe  in  Buise 
Lity.  At  the  earn?  time  no  mining  field  offsrs  r-ore 
att.  active  inducements  to  the  hardy  miner  whose  capital 
lies  chiifly  In  his  txpeience  ana  in  bis  pick.  Full  and 
complett  information  concerning  Idaho  mines  will  be 
mailed  on  amplication. 

IBKIGATING    CANAI-S. 

Another  great  opportunity  for  capital  in  Idaho  Is  in 
large  irrigation  enterpri  es.  l^rojects  are  on  foot  to  re- 
claim  several  hundred  thousand  acres,  but  there  is  room 
for  many  other  such  prcjecta.  Idahj  has  abundance  of 
water,  and  the  profltt-  of  irrigation  are  large  and  sure. 

For  fuither  details  address 

Boise  City,  Idaho. 


FO«  SALE  — AN  ONYX  MINE  IN  SAN 
Bernardino  County,  onlj  about  three  milss  fr-ra 
Railroad.  Down  grade  from  miue  to  the  road.  Price, 
JSCOO  NOL.AN  &  SMITH, 

34  North  Spring  Street,  Los  Angolta,  Cal. 


Table  of  Lowest  and  Highest  Sales  In 
S.  F.  Stock  Exchange. 


Namb  of 

OOMPiNT. 


Alpha 

Alta 

Andes 

Belcher 

BeBt&  Belcher 

Bulliou 

Bodie  OoD 

Buhver 

Coomionwoalth  ... 

Oou.  Va.  &Oal 

Challeuge 

Ohollar 

Oouhdeuce 

Oon.  Imperial 

Oaledouia 

OrowD  Point 

Crocker 

Del  Monte 

liiureKaUon 

Exchequer 

Grand  Pri}^e 

Goiild  &  Ourry 

Hale  &  Norcroaa.. 

Julia 

Justice.. 

Kentnck 

Lady  Wash 

Mono 

Mexican 

Navajo 

North  Belle  Isle... 

Nev.  Queen 

Occidental 

Ophir 

Overman 

PotoBi 

Peerless 


25 
4.10 
1.25 
2.55 
3.10 


Savage 

S.-B.  SM 

Sierra  Nevada 

Silver  Hill 

Scorpion 

(Jnion  Con 

Utal 

yellow  Jacket 


Week 
Ending 
May  15. 


1.10 
1.10 

.30 
l.tiO 
2.56 
1.05 

.65 


3  70 
4, (JO 
1.30 
2.40 
3.00 
.25 
.35 
1.66 


.75 

4.50 

.60 

.50 

1.65 


.30 
.25 
2.50 


l.SO 
.75 


1.20 
70 
1.16 
4.00 
2.3 


1  60 
1.10 
2.26 
20 
16 
2.05 
.65 
I  95 


.30 
l.a5 
1.35 
2.55 
.30 
.23 

:.-15 

.90 


Week 
Ending 
May  22. 


1.05  1 

1.06  1.'5 
.45  .70 

1.50  2.06 

2.35  2  SO 

.95  1.35 

.60  .70 


1  50 
1.116 
1..W 
.35 
.20 
2.05 
.7.1 
1.95 


Week 
Ending 
May  29. 


1.26  1.35 

1.10  1.20 

.75 

1.90  2.00 

2.80  3.1 

1.30  2.10 

.60  .66 


3  60 
4.35 
1.85 
3.20 


2  20 
.25 
1,15 
4.60 
.65 
.45 
1.45 
2.65 
.25 
1.35 
.76 
.25 


3.60  3.76 

4.40  4.66 

2.15  2.35 

3.50  3.80 

5.50  6.00 
40 


2.46 


1.00 
4.05 
2.26 
4.50 
25 
31 
1.8) 
1.20 
1.86 


2.65 

.80 

2  76 


Week 
Ending 
June  5. 


1.40  l.CO 

1.15  1.20 
.70  .85 

2.16  2.90 
2.75  3.00 
2.00  2.65 

.65  .00 


.45 


.90 

i'.fb 
2.75 

.40 

1.45 

1.50 


3  00    3.20 


.40 


.45 


1.30 

.70  .75 

1.25  1.40 

4.20  4.45 

2  25  2,.'0 

.63  6.75 

.26  .... 

.30  .35 

1.90  2.10 

1.30  1.40 

1.65  2.00 

40  .... 

16  .20 

2  fO  2.70 

80  85 

2.76  3.05 


Sales  at  San  Francisco  Stock  Exchange. 


TanRSDAY.  June  6,9:30  A.  M 

1660  Alpha 1.76@1.85 

250  Alta  1.2ilol.3 

300  AJKICH S0(a85c 

GOO  Belcher 2.95 

son  Belle  Isle 61 

420  Best  &  Belcher. 3. 20<ff3. 26 

150  Bodie 60c 

1500  Bnuauza 25'30c 

1415  Bullion 2.85@2.90 

300  Challeuge 2.4' 

450  Caledonia 46c 

760  Chollar 4.30124.41 

50  Commonwealth 3.5' 

150  Con.  Cal.  S.  Va 4.61 

100  Con.  New  York 20c 

70O  Con.  Im  I  erial 46c 

.646  Crown  Point.  .2.60(32.75 
750  Exchequer 90(a95e 


Goulds  Ourry 2.10 

Hale  &Nor. . .  .2.851^2.90 

Iowa 40e 

Julia 40c 

Justice 1.40 

Kentuck 1.60@1.60 

Lady  Waabington 30a 

Mexican 3.3  @3.35 

Navajo 40c 

Occidental. ...1.50@1. 55 

O  hir 4.50W4.7ft 

Overman 2.45@2.5a 

Poto.'i 7.00ia7.37J 

Savage 2.30 

Scorpion 20@26o 

Sierra  Nov..  ..1.9S@J. 00 

Union 2.76 

Utah 9rc. 

West  Comstock 35e 

\Mlow  Jacket.  3.00(g3.5a 


Don't  Pail  to  Write. 

Should  this  paper  be  received  hy  any  subscriber  who 
does  not  want  it,  or  heyoud  Iht  tivie  hi:  intends  to  pan 
/yr  if,  let  him  not  fail  to  write  us  dirct  to  .top  it.  A 
postal  card  (costing  one  cent  only)  wi.l  s  ffice.  We  will 
not  knoningly  send  the  paper  to  any  one  who  does  not 
wish  it,  but  if  it  is  continaed,  through  the  f  jilure  of  the- 
subscriber  to  notify  us  to  discontinue  it,  or  some  irre- 
sponsible party  requested  to  stop  it,  we  shall  I  oaitivelv 
demand  payment  for  the  time  it  is  sent.    Look  oakkfdllv 

AT  THE  LABEJ,  ON  YOGB  P.VPER, 


lATENTSJ 

Scientific  Press  Paten!  Agency 

'°  A^llrf  Bkl?T'  220  JBai'ketSt..S.F 


IDIVIDElSriD    nsroTicE. 


OFFICE  OF  THE  PACIFIC  BOBA.X,SALT 
and  Soda  Corapany,  San  Frnncisco,  -May  29,  1S90. 
At  a  meeting  of  the  Board  of  uirectora  ot  the  above- 
named  Compl'iy,  held  thia  day,  a  Dividend  (No.  32)  of 
One  Dollar  vSl.OO)  per  share  waa  declared,  payable 
TUESDAY,  June  10,  liOO,  at  the  otlice  of  the  Corajiany, 
No.  230  Moutgomery  **treet.  Rooma  11  and  12.  Transfer 
Booka  eloae  June  5,  1890,  at  3  o'clock  p.  m. 

ALTON  H.  CLOUGH,  Secretory. 


Jn«E  7,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


389 


/l33e33|iie[)t  )iotice3. 


ACMB  MIIjUAND  mining  COMPANY; 
location  of  priiidpa)  plocv  <^(  buHlnciM.  Sui  Kruii- 
cittco.  CaliforDiL  Lo(;fttioQ  of  NVorkii,  AumUor  County, 
Cftilfornla. 

Notice  111  hfreby  given,  that  at  ft  lucotltiu'  of  tho  Board 
of  Diri-ctniH.  liclilon  the  201b  day  of  Uuroh,  IbttO,  nn 
WHctiftniunr,  No.  10,  of  S  cents  \*^r  uharu,  was  levied  upon 
the  Capital  Stock  of  the  Corporation,  pa\»blc  imuicdi- 
a'oly  in  Uni'eii  iSiut  ti  Gold  Colu  to  tbo  Su<'riiury,  ut  tho 
olllc-o  of  thu  Company,  Uootu  11,  No.  30:1  Caliloniln 
Strcu',  San  KraoclMOo,  Calirornia. 

Any  stuck  u)>'>n  which  thiH  ftt>«ea8Dient  Pball  Teniaiii 
unpiid  on  the  15lh  day  of  May.  ISOO,  will  be  delinquent, 
mm  advertlrK'd  for  rale  at  public  Muctton;  and  uuIvhs 
payuieut  In  made  bef  :re,  will  be  eold  on  MO'iDAV.the 
DCh  day  of  .lunc.  I^DO,  to  p^y  the  dcllniiuent  ae^esKinunt, 
toifether  with  the  costa  of  advcrtisluif  nod  uxpoueies  of 
Sftle. 

By  ordor  of  tho  Board  of  l»lrertor». 

J.  M    BUFPINOTON,  Secretary. 
Ollko,  Kocni  11,  No.  303  CalUorDia  titieet,  Han  FrancUco, 

CAliforula. 


The  dellnriueot  day  o(  th-*  above  apsessmoiit  Is  borcby 
roSTI'ttNEU  to  June  2,  181)0,  and  the  day  of  sale  to 
MoNffAV,  June  23,  1890.     ' 

Ily  order  of  the  Board  of  Directors. 

J.  M.  HUFFINGTON.  Secretary. 

San  Francisco,  May  15,  lSt>0. 


GRAY  EAGLE   MINING  COMPANY,  Loca 
tion  of  piincipal  pi*re   of   hnfiiiic^-),   ban    KrJinci-co, 
California.   I^ocatlon  of  Works.  Placer  rouiily,  California' 

Notico  is  hireby  K'vcn,  that  fit  ft  DiPutinu'  o'  tho  Boaid 
of  Directors,  hvid  on  llie  lift  day  of  May,  IsyO,  an  asfiCBS- 
munt,  No.  17,  nf  live  (5)  tents  per  share,  was  levied  upon 
the  Cai'ital  Stciek  <  f  the  Corporation,  payable  im- 
mfdiatelv  in  United  States  Gold  Coin  to  the  Secrofary, 
at  the  otlice  of  the  Company,  Boom  II,  No.  303  California 
street,  San  Francisco,  California. 

Any  stock  upon  which  thie  asaeaement  sball  remain 
unuaid  on  tlie  lOtli  day  of  June,  1890,  will  be  delimjiient 
and  advertised  for  sale  at  public  auction;  aiid  unless 
payment  i<t  made  befTO,  will  be  sold  on  MONDAY,  the 
30th  day  of  June,  1800.  to  pay  the  delin<|uent  as  est^mfnt, 
tORether  with  the  coBtl  of  advertiHiug  and  expenses  of 
eale. 

By  order  of  tho  B">ard  of  Directnrs- 

J   M.  Bl'FFINGTON,  Secretary. 

OHlce,  Room  11,  No.  303  California  Street,  S»n  Ffan- 
ci'co,  CaUfornta. 


DELINQUENT    SALE    NOTIoE. 

GOLD  elL/L  MINING  COMPAN7-L10A- 
tion  of  priiicipol  iilace  of  busin' 88.  Hun  Francisco, 
California.  Locitiou  of  woriiB,  Grasa  Valley,  Nevada 
County,  California. 

Notice— Itieie  are  deIiD(|Uent  upon  the  followintr  de- 
scribed stock,  on  account  of  Afaeesment  (No.  9)  levied 
on  ihe  17th  day  of  April,  1S90,  ttie  acveral  amounts  set 
nppo'ite  the  namca  of  the  respective  sharelioldorB,  as 
follows: 

No.        No. 
Names.  '  cit     Sb  res.      Amt. 

Broe,  William .  HI        aSo        S56  26 

Br  e,  William 2l!4         81         20  26 

Baiby,  MrH  O  E 19.S        HoO  62  60 

Biilev,  Mrs  C  E I!l9        SfiO  (j2  60 

Bli'cy,  Mrs  <;  E 2I'S         200  60  00 

Bailcv,  Mrs  C  E 2'>2         i62  63  00 

Cohin,  Henry 142         60         1!  60 

Cohen,  Denr   2.«  1»  *  '0 

Oreen,  LP,  Tr...  377        336  8175 

Himan,M 3rS  24,  6  00 

Hill,  Geo  W.Tr...  361        200  60  1 0 

Hlll,OeoW,T  SrO  32  S(0 

Jaobs,E,Tr 220       300         76  00 

Jacobs,  E,Tr... 221       100         26  00 

.lacobs.E.Tr 222        100  25  00 

Jacobs.  ETr  273       ISO         46  00 

Kitto,  W  II 65  60  12  .60 

Kitto,  WH 270  18  i  50 

Levy,MoriiB 100        ino  25  00 

Levy,  Morris vl»         SU  9  nO 

Mver,Boalien 207        231  67  75 

Klllev,  John 202  60  12  60 

Eai6V,John 202  18  4  50 

And  In  accordance  with  Uw,  and  an  order  of  the  Biard 
of  Directors,  made  on  the  17th  day  ot  Apri',  1S90,  so 
many  shares  of  each  parcel  of  such  stock  as  m  -y  be 
necessary  will  be  sold  at  public  auction,  at  the  oflice  of 
the  Company,  Boom  20,  Phelan  Buildinfe',  San  Fran-laco, 
California,  on  TUEsDAY,  the  lOlh  day  of  June,  1890,  at 
the  hour  of  2  o'clork  r.  M.  of  said  day,  to  piv  said  ddin- 
quent  assessment  thereon,  together  with  coats  of  adver- 
tising and  expenses  of  sale. 

C    A.  CROW,  SBcretary. 
Office,  Room  20,  Phelan  Buildinj;,  San  Fr.inci8eo,  Cali- 
fornia. 

A  MIDDLE-AGED  MAN  BY  THE  NAME  OF  JOSEPH 
McLEAKN.  Miner,  left  Nova  Scotia  17  years  ajro  for 
California.  His  friends  would  be  thankful  to  any  person 
who  could  give  any  information  concerning  his  where- 
abouts 


PRACTICAL 

Books  on  Mining 

AND  IRRIGATION. 

Deeerlpttve  Catalocuti  nod  Circulars  pf  Books  rvlatiii;; 
to  AiMayln^',  Mining,  E'uctricity  and  Muchanlual  En);lneor- 
io^.  sunt  free  on  application. 

E.  &  F.  N.  SPON,  Publishers, 

12  CortlaiiUt  St.,  tivw  York. 


HORACE  D.  RANLETT, 

Ores,  Mining,  and  Commission, 

420  Montflromery  St.,  S.  P. 

Sliipa  under  advances  to  nmoltinj,'  works  In  Boston, 
Nnv  York,  Biltinnro  and  Liverpool. 

Twenty-one  years'  experience  in  Shipping  Ores  and 
Mann^in;;  Miuca. 

Solicits  Coueignraents  of  Copper  Produce  and  Manage- 
mrnt  of  Mln'ng  Matters. 

All  business  cndui-'ti'd  on  Cash  Basis. 

Purchase  and  sbipuuiit  of  Slininj;  Supplies  a  Spkcialty. 

Sales  of  Developed  Copper  Mines  undertaken. 

Business  Manager  of  UNION  COPPiilll  MINE,  Copper- 
opolia,  Cal.;  NKWTON  COPPER  MINE,  AnindorCo.,  Cal. 


IFOin    !S.i^Xj£3. 


A   WELL   DEVELOPED    CEMENT 
GRAVEL  MINE 

Id  Plaror  County,  three  miles  from  C.  P.  Railroad;  with 
etPam  ho'atirir  and  pumi>b  g  plant,  to^pther  with  a  10- 
stanip  mil',  Pelton  wheel,  pipfB,  black  mitli  &hop,  tools, 
cars  ard  rank,  all  in  good  runnirg  order.  Ircluding  -180 
acres  of  Und,  of  which  80 acrew  or  more  a-o  wjM  adapt  d 
to  orange  culture.  The  balat  ce  Is  Umber  land  and 
pasture,  euitable  for  grapevines  and  olives.  Improve- 
mtMi^s  coBsis'.  of  fttor  e  heu^e  of  eight  rooms,  ditto  barn, 
oftVe,  several  frame  ImuBes,  sma'l  orchard  an^  vineyard. 
Price,  incluiling  everything  on  the  pi  ice,  wni.-'ons,  tools, 
safe,  etc.  §33.000,  of  whieh  half  cash,  balance  at  7%. 
Title  CJ.  S.  Patent.  Immediate  posaesaion  given.  This 
is  a  rare  oppo-lunity  for  minerB  and  ho  ticultuiists. 
For  particulars  apply  to  T.  0.  ]<:.  WOLLEB,  East 
Oakland,  Ca 


(^^lJ' 


^"^ 


{Successor  to  Hems  &;  William,) 

Manufacturer  of  Leather  and  Fulled  Kawbide    HELT- 
ING,  Kope,  Lace  nnd  Paiup  Ijeatlier,  !Etc. 

134  MAIN    ST  ,    SA.N   PBANCISCO,    CAI. 


WM.  H.  OONLY, 

Agent  and    Company   Promoter. 

Land  and  Mining  Properties  a  Specialty. 
124  SANSOMB  STEEBT,  Rooms  21  and  22. 

Telephone  No   .5057.  SAN  FRANCISCO. 


INVENTOES,     TAKE      NOTICE  I 

L.  petersonTmodel  maker, 

258  Market  St.,  N.  E.  cor.  Front  (up  Rtaire),  San    Fraocalf^ 
Experimental  machinery  and  all  kinda  of  models    Tin' 
and  braaawort.     All   Gommunlcations  strictly   confiden- 
'ial. 


evelopment  of  tiDtold  resources,  built  up  strong  cliufclies  of  a  1  leading  dmominations,  created  charm- 
nf-Botialconditions,  fostered  the  public  schoDl  system,  dir  cted  muo.cipal  Improvements  and 
poned  the  most  profitable  B_u«li>eH8  Invesrment,  M«°"{^ctnring   and    MinJn^^^ 


SALT    LAKE   CITY! 

ONE    OF    THE    GREAT    FIVE. 

New  York,  Cliicago,  Denver,  Salt  Lai^e  City  and  San  Francisco. 

Midway  between  Denver  and  San  Franciooo,  700  mil's  from  either,  with  no  rivals  north  to  British  Columbia  or 
south  to  Old  Mexico.  Salt.  Lake  City  i  i  destined  to  become  one  of  the  great  Overshadowing  Commercial 
Centers  in  the  chain  between  New  Yo>k  and  San  F'aneis' 0.        ^,        ,    ,        .,,.,,  k  w        , 

The  recent  mighty  inflow   ot  tho   best   American  blood  baa  douWert  her  population,  bejvun  the 
deve 
ing  _ 

eve°rVr''esrnTe*d''b7fe*^harirth"re^^^^^^^^^  the  end  ol  the 

century  several  tim^a  that  number. 

WIORE  IVIINING  CAPITAL  NEEDED. 

The  resources  ot  Utah  as  a  miolne  recrion  may  be  Phowo  by  the  tollowin?  from  the  boolis  ot  the  ONTARIO 
CTFVPR  T\TrNTNG  CO'-tPANY,  Park  City,  Utali  (near  Salt  l.ake  City): 

IMWdend  .  aid  N?  103,  to  April  1st,  1890  SIO,85n,O00.OO;  ore  and  bullion  sold  to  Annl  Ist,  1S90,  824,121,203  13. 
lncoViora°ed  Jinu'arylBt,  1877.  Capital  Stock,  150,000  shjres;  par  value  ot  stock,  SIOO.OO  par  share;  market  price 
rtst'ok  S46  00  per  shnre  and  upward.  Average  number  ol  men  employed,  J25.  Value  of  improvements  and 
nronertv  (inventory  December  Slit,  ISSB),  $2  985,864.77  ,„  ,  .  ,.  .^     j 

■^  me  Com,?a'y  pars  regular  monthly  d  vidends  of  875,000.00  or  60  cent,  per  share.  Utah  has  rumerous  dividend 
pavers  oa  a  iLrL-e  scale.  There  are  many  other  mines  that  are  partly  developed  that  promise  the  richest  returns,  with 
sufflcie  °t  rapital.    Within  three  months,  coke  from  our  own  home  coal  (Castle  Gate)  has  supplanted  foreign  coke  in 

""'SLTkeCitylsnowoneofthemostdeligbtfal  homes  in  the  world  wi'h  a  perfact  climate  good  society, 
chu-chcs  an"  schools  50,000  population  and  growing  rapidly.  Wcw  11  be  pleased  to  corrCRpond  with  mining 
menadcapit'hta  and  point  the  way  to  s  .me  specially  mvlting  fields.  We  have  man  v  Mi-iing  cnpitaliBts  bere, 
who  villSrdi.'lvnieetandaidnewmcn  O'lr  field  Is  large,  there  la  room  for  all.  For  illustrated  pamphlets, 
summer  tourist  rates,  and  speeiftc  information,  address 

"  SALT   LAKE   CITY,  UTAH. 


PERFECTED 

DOUBLE 


Attached  to  each  Mill 
is  an  effective 

Automatic  Ore 

Feeder.  ^ 

Railroad  Flat,  Cal.,  Mav  15th.  1889. 

MESSRS.  TATUM  &  BOWKN,  Ran  FrancJsco— GENTiiRMEN:  I  bive  had  many  inquiries  "in  regard  lo  the 
performance  ot  your  oscillating  Stamp  Quartz  Mill,  to  all  of  which  I  have  made  substantially  the  following 
answer: 

That  it  will  crush  and  rtischarge  through  a  No.  30  mesh  wire  screen,  6  tons  of  average  quartz  ppr  24 
hours;  that,  compared  with  the  common  stamps,  the  power  lequired  to  do  the  same  amonnt  of  work  is 
considerably  less— the  slipping  motion  of  the  stamps  reducing  ihe  ore  much  faster  than  ihe  drop  alone  can; 
that  the  discharge  is  good,  and  as  to  amalgamating  and  saving  gold,  my  experience  with  it  Is  that  it  is  just 
about  the  same  as  the  ordinary  battery. 

To  the  above  I  shall  add  that  the  new  Automatic  Feed  attached  is  a  perfect  success.  It  can,  in  a 
moment  and  without  stopping,  be  adjusted  to  feed  just  as  "high"  or  "low"  as  desired,  and  can  he 
depended  upon  to  supply  the  stamps  with  ore  exactly  as  they  need  it.  This  is  imponant.  as  it  saves  feeding 
by  hand,  which  cannot  he  considered  at  the  present  day.  or  the  purchase  of  a  hicrh-priced  feeder. 

Considered  as  a  convenient  Mill  fnr  prospecting,  or  for  a  small  mine,  it  lills  the  bill. 

Yours  truly,  [Signed]  JAS    S.  REYNOL'"S. 

Supt.  New  York  Mine,  Railroad  Flat. 

The  Mills  ae  we  make  them  now  are  Far  Superior  to  the  one  at  the  New  York  Mine. 

TATUM  &  BOWEN, 

34  and  36  FREMONT  ST..  SAN    FRANOISOO.    OAL., 

AND    POETLAND,   OREGON. 

MANUFACTURERS   OF   MINING  AND  SAW  MILL  MACHINERY. 


HOSKINS'  PATENT  BLOW-PIPE  AND  ASSAY  FURNACES. 


Chemists,  Assayers,  Metallurgists,  I!n- 
giueers,  Jewelers,  Dentists,  Etc. 


NO  DUST !     NO  ASHES ! 

I     intnmatin  ' 


— —    -^asL^  " 


Will  do  f-r  every  thlnff  that  a  Coal  Furnace  or  Gas 
Furnace  »ill,  and  WirHOUT  A  BLOWKR. 

Send  for  Price  List  and  Descriptive  Circular  to 


WM.  HOSKIJNS  &  CO.,  a,  H^SCIf/i'sT.. 


CHICAGO,  ILL. 


PERFECT  PULLEYS 

First  Premium  Awarded  at  Mechanics*   Pair,    1884. 

Sole  Licensed  ManuJfacturere  o(  the 

MEDAKT    PATENT    WROUGHT    EIM    PULLEY 

For  the  States  o(  California,  Oregon  and  Nevada,  and  the  Territories  of  Idaho,  WaehlogtOD 

Montana,  Wyoming,  Utah  and  Arizona.      Lightest,  Strongest,  Cheapeeb  and 

Beat  Balanced  Pulley  in  the  World.     Also  Manufacturers  o( 

SHAFTING,    HANGERS    AND    APPURTENANCES. 

its"  3RND  FOR  CiRODIiABa  AKD  PrIOB  LlBT.'ffiJ 
19,0  «nrt    IRl    FHWMONT  BTRWWT  "AN     WRANOIHOO.  OAL. 


Pil.  out.  25,  1881. 


U 


,om  Ftrlctlv  argt-cl-35  Flax  and  pure  lubrlcante.  Superior  to  all  others  for  water  and  .team  Packs 
rom  pcrTLciy  nrat  ti  «^  '"  .v,,i^„„,,  other  oack  n<'  made  t^  Imitations  of  'olerior  quality  hav. 
'ortt"mlrkrt  weta4°'h,Vn''com'p^Iled  to  ^5ont"fhe  above  STde-mark  and  all  of  onr  paekl/g  will 
on  tiie  Lu-irii.Di.  vtD  uo.>>-  .  _A„  :i. *: T„.,r,»v,      ano  Hitit.  1  nn  vft  if;  nnfl  ta  ifi  no  other.     RoM 


Manufactured  from  p 

with  lesB  friction  n    "  _ 

ine  t',"^"  P"' "P°"  "-"  "^;;S„^^^^^^^  oenieri'tTentrroTenith."^^  thaTjoa  cet  it  and  take  no  other.  "Sold 

Cv"all  Hardware  Toaler;      P,i«,  SS  ?cnL  per  pound.     W.  T.  Y.  SCHENOK,  Sole  Manufacturer,  »a3  and 

2»4  Market  Street,  San  Francisco.  Cal. 


Smelter  For  Sale  or  Exchange. 

One  BO-ton.  wrought  iron,  water-jacket  Smelting  Fur- 
nace (36"xG0"  at  tho  tuyeres)  ot  the  latest  design,,  wi  h 
Crusher.  BKwer.  Boiler,  Pumps,  Engines,  Tools,  and 
everything  con-pleto  for  immediate  delivery,  and  only 
ueed  about  six  months.  Cheap  for  cash,  or  will  exchange 
tor  interest  in  a  Lead-Silver  Mine,  or  erect  id  any  mm.nj 
camp  that  will  guarantee  a  certain  output.  For  further 
pardeularo  address  Box  28,  Elkhom,  Montana. 


RUPTURE     AND     PILES. 

We  Positively  Cure  all  kinds  of  Rupture 
and  Rectal  Diseases,  no  matter  of  how  long 
Btanding,  iu  from  3(1  to  60  days,  without  the 
uae  of  KNIFIC,  DKAWING  BLOOD,  or  DETEN- 
TION FROM  BUSINESS.  Terma:  No  Cure. 
no  Pny;  nnd  no  Pay  until  Cured, 
If  afflicted,  come  aod  see  ub  or  send  a:  amp  for 
naniphlet.  Address: 
DRS.  POBTBBFIBLD  &  LOSBY, 
888  Market  Street,     -       -     San  Fraucfsoo. 


1 


390 


-Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Jdnb  7,  1890 


'  Founded  bij  Malhew  Carey,  1785. 


and 


HENRY  CftREY  BAIRD  &  CO., 

Industrial     Publishers,     Booksellers 
imoorters, 

810  Walnut  St.,Pia>la(1«)lpUia,  Va.,U.  S.A. 

tS"  Our  new  and  Revised'  Catalogue  of  Practical  and 
Scientific  Bouko,  84  pig*'?,  Svo,,  and  our  other  Catalogues 
and  Circulars,  the  whole  coverinic  every  branch  of 
Science  applied  to  the  arts,  sent  free  and  free  of  postage 
to  any  one  in  any  parto(  the  world  who  will  furnish  hia 
address. 


RIX  k  FIRTH, 

225  and  227  First  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


Compressed  Air  and  Water  Power 
Machinery. 


KNIGHT'S  WATER  WHEEL, 

For  Mills,  Pumping  and  Hoisting. 

OVER    300  IN    USB. 
All  estimates  s:aaTanteed,    Seud  for  Circalar. 


WATBB  TANKS . 

CALIFORNIA    WINE 

FCI.DA  BKOS., 

SO  to  40  Spear  St., 


WINE  TANKS  I 

COOPERAGE     CO. 

Proprietors, 

San  Francisco. 


ALL  KINDS  OF  CASKS,  TANKS,  Etc. 
lifRHTp,  MiNiNQ,  and  Watbk  Taneb  a  Specialty.*^& 


CLAYTON 

AIR  COMPRESSORS 

For  Working 
Rock    Drills,   Coal   Cutters 
Hoisting   Engines   and  Water 
Pumps  in  Mines  and  Tunnels, 
Sinking  Caissons,  Etc.,  Etc. 

SEND  FOR  CATALOGUE  No.  6, 

Clayton  Air  Compressor  Works, 

43  DEY  ST.,  NEW  YORK. 


GRANGER'S  ROLLER  STAMP  Mill 

Beats  them  all.  "Works  dry  ores.   Makes  ei  en  grao- 
nlatiou.    No  dead  work,  hence  minimum  wear. 

A.  P.  GRAXGEK,  Denver,  Colo. 


GRANGER'S  DRY  ORE  SEPARATOR 

The  very  best.    Uses  no  writer.    Ko  freezing:  up. 
Saves  haulins  waste.    Saves  liigU  percentage.    Send 


for  circulars. 


A.  P.  GRANGER,  Denver.  Colo. 


TUBBS  CORDAGE  CO. 

(A  Corporation.) 

Conatantly  on  hand  a  full  assortment  of  Manila  Rope, 
Duplex  Rope,  Tarred  Manila  Rope,  Hay  Rope,  Whale  Line, 
etc.,  etc. 

fibctra  elzes  and  lengths  made  to  order  on  short  ootice, 

611  &  613  Front  St.,  San  Francisco.  Gal. 


THE  RUSSELL  PROCESS. 

For  information  concerninEr  this  procefs  for  the  re- 
duction of  Ores  containing  precious  metals,  and  terms 
of  license,  apply  to 

THE     RUSSELIi    PROCESS    CO., 
Ne^w  Haven,  Conn. 


©  COMPLETE  Steam  Pump^ 

1 10  Sizes  FROM  l/Tof/S^ 

fi     .!,;«<     fVANDuZtN&IiFT, 


FOR  ENGRAVINGS  t^l  r^iv,T'U° 

pkny.  Ko.  320  Uarketi  stiieet,  Sbq  Frandsco. 


PACIFIC    ROLLING    MILL    CO., 

UASinFAOTDSKBS  OF., 

t  Steel  CastliB  ?M 


UP   TO   20,000  LBS.   WEIGHT. 

True  to  pattern  and  superior  In  strensth,  toughness  and  durability  to  Oast  or  Wrousht 
Iron  In  any  position  or  for  any  service. 

GEARINGS,  SHOES,  DIES,  CAMS,  TAPPETS,  PISTON-HEADS,  RAILROAD  and  MA- 
CHINERY CASTINGS  of  Every  Description. 


HOMOGENEOUS  STEEL. 


SOFT  and  DUCTILE, 

SUPERIOR  TO  IRON  FOR 


LOCOMOTIVE  AND  MARINE  FORCINGS. 

ALSO  Steel  Rods,  from  J  to  3  inch  diameter  and  Flats  from  1  to  8  Inch.  Angles,  Tees,  Channels  and  other  shape 
Steel  Wagon,  Buggy,  and  Truck  Tires,  Plow  Steel;  Machinery  and  Special  Shape  Steel  to  size  and  lengths 
STEEIi  RAII^S  from  12  to  45  pountfe  per  yard.  ALSO,  Railroad  and  Merchant  Iron,  R,olled 
Beams,  Angle,  Channel,  and  T  iron.  Bridge  and  Machine  Botts,  Lag  Screws,  Nuts,  Washers,  Ship  and  Boat 
Spikes;  Steamhoat  Shafts,  Cranks,  Pistons,  Connecting  Rods,  etc  Car  and  Locomotive  Axles  and  Frames, 
and  Iron  Forgings  of  all  kinds,  Iron  and  Steel  Bridge  and  Roof  Work  a  Specialty. 

HIGHEST  PRICE  PAID  FOB  SCRAP  IRON  AND  STBEIi. 

g^  Orders  will  have  prompt  attention.    Send  for  Catalogues.    Address 

PACIFIC  BOLUNO  UUL  CO.,  202  Market  St.,  San  Tranciwo, 


FULTON     IRON    WORKS, 

HINOKLEY,  SPIERS   &   HAYES,  Proprietors. 


[ESTABLISHED    IN    1855.] 


TUSTIN'S    PULVERIZER. 


— MANUFACTURBRfl    OP- 
MARINE      ENGINES     AND     BOILERS.- 
Propeller  Engines,  either  High  Pressure  or  Compound, 
Stern  or  Side- wheel  Engines. 

MINING  MACHINERY.— Hoisting  Engines  and 
Works,  Cages,  Ora  Buckets,  Ore  Care,  Pumping  Entfines 
and  Pumps,  Water  Buckets,  Pump  Colimuis,  Air  Com- 
pressors. Air  Receivers,  Air  Pipes. 

MILL  MACHINERY.-Batteries  for  Dry  or  Wet 
Crushing,  Amalgamating  Pans.  Settlers,  Furnaces.  Re- 
torts, Concentrators,  Ore  Feeders,  Rock  Breakers,  Fur- 
naces for  Reducing  Ores,  Water  Jackets,  etc. 

MISCELLANEOUS  MACHINERY.— Flour 
Mill  Machinery,  Saw  Mill  Engines  and  Boilers,  Dredging 
Machinery,  Powder  Mill  Machinery,  Water  Wheels. 

Tustin's  Pulverizer 

WORKS  ORE  WET  OR  DRY. 


ENGINESiBOILERS 

OF    ALL    KINDS, 

Either  for  use  on  Steamboats  or  for  use  on  Land. 

Water  Pipe,  Pump  or  Air  Golniniu,  Fish 
Taoks  for  Salmon  Canneriea 

OF   BVKRY   DBSCRIPTION. 

Boiler  Repairs  Promptly  attended  to  and  at  Y«ry  moaerate  rates. 

AGBHTS  FOR  THH  PACIFIC  COAST  FOR  THB 

^3e£i.xi.e   &te>Skjaa.  T^tiimj^, 

SPECIALTIES : 

Corliss  Engines  and  Xnstin  Ore  Pnlverlzera.  DBANB    STBAM    PUMP. 

Agents  and  Manufacturers  of  the  Llewellyn  Feed  Water  Ptirlfler  and  Heater. 


THE  GIANT  POWDER  COMPANY 

Hanufaoture  Three  Kinds  of  Powder,  which  are  acknowledged  by  all  the  Great  Chemists  of  the  World  as 

The  Safest  and  Strongest  High  Explosives  in  the  Marl(et. 
GrJL.A.'Sr'r     I»0  W  TU'ETEi.    or    I>"Sr]Sr.A.]MITE!, 

Of  Different  Strenerths  as  Bequlred. 

NOBEI.'S    EXPLOSIVE     QEI-ATINE,"   which  contains    94   per  cent  of  NttTO-GIyoerlne,  and 

GKLATINE^DTN AMITE,  Stronger  than  Dynamite  and  even  Safer  In  Handling. 

JUDSON  POWDER  IMPROVED. 

rOB  BAItBOADS  AND  LAND  CI.EARING.  Is  from  three  to  tour  times  stronger  than  ordinary  Blast- 
ing Powder,  and  Is  used  by  all  the  RaUroads  and  Gravel  Claims,  as  it  breaks  more  ground,  pulverizes  better  and 
saves  tune  and  money.    It  is  as  dry  as  the  ordinary  Blasting  Powder  and  runs  as  freely. 

BANDMANN,  NIELSEN  &  CO., 

GENERAL  AGENTS,  RAN  FRANCISCO  CAL. 


GAPS  and  FUSE  for  Sale 


QUARTZ  SCREENS 


A  specialty.  Round,  slot 
or  burred  slot  holes.  Gen- 
uine Russia  Iron,  Homo- 
geneous Steel,  Cast  Steel  or 
American  planished  Iron. 
Zinc,  Copper  or  Brass  Screens  for  all  purposes.  Cali- 
fornia Perforating  Screen  Co.,  145  &  147  Beale  St..  S.  F. 


COAL  MINES  OF  THE  WESTERN  COAST. 

A  few  copies  of  this  work,  the  only  one  ever  published 
treating  of  Pacific  Coast  Coal  Mining,  have  been  ob- 
tamed,  and  are  for  sale  at  this  office  for  82.60  per  copy 
It  was  written  by  W.  A.  Goodyear,  Mining  and  Civii 
Engineer,  formerly  of  the  California  State  Geoloeioal 
Survey.  * 


N.  W.  SPAULDING 
s-A-AT^r  CJ<3Dvi:i»ja..i«rTr 

Manulaoturers  of 
SPAULDING'S 

Inserted  Tooth 

Ain> 

CHISEL    BIT 


Saws. 


SAW  MILLS   AND   MAOHINBEY 

Of  all  kinds  made  to  order.    Send  for  Descriptive  Cats 
logue,    17  and  19  Fremont  St.,  San  Frsnolsoa 


lroi)  apd  (flachiiie  toorl(3. 


UNION    IRON  WORKS, 

8AORAMBNTO,  OAL. 

ROOT,    NEILSON     &    CO., 


HAKUFAOTDRBRB   OF 


Steam     Engines,    Boilers, 


AND  ALL  EDfDS  OF 


MACHINERY  FOR  MINING  PURPOSES. 

Flouring  Mills,  Saw  Mills  and  Quartz  Mills  Machinery 

constructed,  fitted  up  and  repaired. 
FroDt  St.,  bet.  N  &  O  Sts.,        Sacramento,  Cal. 


CALIFORNIA   MACHINE    WORKS, 

WM.  H.  BIRCH  &  CO., 

£NGIN£:EBS     and     MACHINISTS. 


No.  119  Beale  St., 


San  Francisco. 


BUILDBRB  OF 

Steam  En&inea,  Saw  Mills,  Mining  Machinery,  Dredging 
Machines,  Rock  Crushers,  Cable  Railway  Machinery, 
Ellithorp  Air  Brake  Co.'s  Patent  Steam  and  Hydraulic 
Elevators,  Air  Cushions  and  Air  Brakes.  POSITIVE 
SAFETIES.  Improved  Ram  Elevators,  Sidewalk  and 
Hand  Hoists.  B.  E.  Henrickson's  Patent  Automatio 
Safety  Catches. 

Machines  of  all  binds  Made  and  Repaired. 
Orders  Solicited. 


Golden  State  &  Miners  Iron  Works. 

Uanufacture  Iron  OaBtlnsa  and  Macblnery 
of  all  Kinds  at  Sreatly  Beduced  Bates. 

STEVENSON'S  PATENT 

Mold-Board  AMALOAMATOBS, 
Golden  State  Pressure  Blowers. 

First  St.,  between  Howard  Si  Folsom,  S.  F. 


rUOUAS  THOMPSON 


TBOENTON  THOMPSON 


THOMPSON    BROTHERS. 

EUREKA    FOUNDRY, 

129  and  ISl  Beale  St.,  between  Biisslon  and  Howard,  S.F 

MAHnPACTURBRS  OF  OASTINSS  OP  VTW&t  DISOEIFTIOM. 


Mining    Engineers. 


Bewick,  Moreing  &  Hooper, 

MINING  ENGINEERS, 

508  California  Street,  San  Francisco,  Oal. 

Suffolk  House,  Laurence,  Pountney  Hill, 

ION  I)  ON,  J5.  C. 

Leake's  Buildings,  Johannesburg, 

SOUTH  ADKICA. 

Report  on  mines  and  undertake  manBgement  of  mining 
prot^ercies. 


W.  A.  GOODYEAR, 

Oivil    and    Mining    Engineer, 

MINING  EXPERT  A«D  GEOLOGIST. 
Address  "  Business  Box  A,"  office  of  this  paper,  San 
Francisco. 


BOSS   B.  BROWNE. 

Mining  and  Hydraulic  Engineer, 

No.  307  Sansoms  St.,  San  Franoiboo. 


Tioga  District  Mining  Company, 

Incorporated  June  11,1889.    Capital  Stook,  $10,000,000. 

BUT  AND  SELL 

California  Gold,  Sliver,  Quicksilver,  Copper 

and  Lead  Mines 

OF    ASCERTAINED    VALUE. 

Office,  No.  13  PABBOTT'S  BUILDING,  N.  W. 

Corner  of  California  and  Montgomery  Streets, 

SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 

WM.  B.  WIQHTMAN,  Pres.      WM.  H.  V.  CRONISB,  Sec. 


FOR  SALE  CHEAP. 


One  new  double  circular  Sawmill  to  carry  60-inch  bot- 
tom saw,  with  wrought-iron  hangers  for  top  saw.  Fric- 
tion feed-works,  patent  steel  screw  double-throw  head- 
blocks,  with  track  iron,  saw  carriage  and  frame  complete, 

RISDON  IRON  &  LOCOMOTIVE  WORKS, 

San  FranclBco,  Cal. 


One  Ohmen's  12x12  Automatic  Engine; 
best  style  ID  usfi  Also.l  Boiler  48  in. xlSft.  Both  nearly 
new.  Sold  senarate  if  required.  J.  W.  QOICK,  221 
First  St.,  (Top  Floor)  San  Francisco,  OaL 


PACtmQCtDrC  ~^  requestedtobe  sure  and  notify  us 


when    this   paper  is  not  taken  from 
their  office.    If  not  stopped  promptly 

through  oTerdght  or  other  mishap),  do  us  the  favor  tu 

write  as&ln. 


JoNE  7,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


391 


WM.  H.  TAYLOR,  President. 


R.  S.  MOORE,  Superintendent. 


Risdon  Iron  and  Locomotive  Works, 

S.  E.  CORNER  HOWARD  AND  BEALE  STS..  SAN  FRANCISCO. 


MANOFACTDRERS    OP    ALL    KINDS    OF 


Mining   and    Milling    Machinery,  Engines    and    Boilers, 

SHEET-IRON  WATER  PIPE  for  Mining  and  Irrigation  Purposes. 


Exclusive  Agents  for  the  Pacific  Coagt  of  HEINE  PATENT  SAFETY  BOILER  and  MACBETH  STEEL  PULLEY. 

AGENTS     FOR    THE    PACIFIC    COAST    OF 

BRYA-N'S    ROLLER   QUARTZ    M:ILL. 


NEW 


COMMON    SENSE    STEEL 

All  Complete  for  SI 50. 


WHIM. 


No  cog'wheela  or  clutches  to  break.  Ninety  per  cent  of  this  Whim  ia  wrought  iron  and  eteel,  and  vrill  spring  or  bend  before  breaking,  and  beeides 
oan  be  repaired  at  any  blacksmith  shop,  should  breakage  occur,  thus  obviating  the  necessity  of  sending  away  hundreds  of  miles  sometioaes,  and  waiting 
a  week  for  repairs.     The  Brake  sets  itself  when  the  horse  stops  or  anything  gives  way. 

It  can  be  packed  anywhere  a  jack  can  go,  the  heaviest  piece  weighing  but  100  poDnde;  total 
weight,  650  pounds.  The  sweep  oan  be  thrown  out  or  in  gear  at  any  time,  and  the  bucket  hoisted, 
damped  or  lowered  while  the  horse  ia  in  motion.  It  is  just  as  safe  and  reliable  as  an  engine,  and 
oan  be  handled  as  readily,  and  is  just  the  thing  to  open  ap  a  mine  and  make  it  pay.  Spending 
thousands  of  dollars  in  fine  machinery  and  shaft  houses  has  **  basted"  many  a  company.  Buy  a 
COMMON  SENSE  WHIM,  and  when  you  have  got  more  ore  than  our  Whim  will  hoiat,  then  it  is 
time  to  bay  an  engine,  not  before.  It  will  save  yon  thousands  of  dollars  if  your  mine  should  not 
pay.  Being  all  iron  except  the  sweep,  it  will  not  rot,  warp,  twist,  or  get  out  of  true.  Being 
wrought  iron,  it  will  not  break  in  transportation.  We  also  make  Two,  Four  and  Eight  Horse 
Power  Whima,  Derrick  Whims,  and  Building  Hoists,  Ore  Buckets,  and  everything  pertaining  to 
Horae  Power  Hoisting.  State  for  what  purpose,  and  at  what  place  you  want  to  use  it. 
t^  Come  and  see  one  at  onr  works  in  operation,  or  send  for  circular. 


NOTICE  TO  GOLD  MINERS! 


JUSTINIAN  CAIRE.  Agent, 

521  &  523  Market  St.,  San  Francisco, 


— DaALHR    IN — 


Assayers'  and  Mining  Material. 


— MAHDPAOTDRBB    OP— 


IN  QUARTZ,  GRAVEL,  OR  PLACER  MINES.      MADE  OF  BEST  SOFT  LAKF   UPBRIOR  COPPER 

Our  plates  are  guaranteed,  and  by  actual  experience  are  proved,  the   besj  In  weight  of  Sll-  BATTERY  SCREENS  AND  WIRE  CLOTH 

ver  and  durability.     Old  Mining  Plates  Eeplated,  Bought,  or  Gold  Separated.    THOUSAIJDS  

OF    ORDERS    FILLED.  

SAN    FRANCISCO    NOVELTY,  GOLD,  SILVER    AND    NICKEL    PLATING  WORKS,  ^e"*  *»'  HOSKIKS' 

1 08  and  1 1 2  First  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.  HYSRO-CABBON   ASSAT  fUBNACXS 

^  SEND  FOR  CIRCDLAR3. 


IMPORTANT  TO  GOLD  MINERS! 

SILVER-PLATED  AMALGAM  PLATES  for  SAVING  GOLD 

QUARTZ, 


IN 


MINING. 


Old  Mining  Plates  can  be 


GRAVEL    AND    PLACER 
PRICES  GREATLY  REDUCED. 

Only  Befined  Silver  and  Best  Copper  nsed.    Over  3000  Orders  filled,    fifteen  Medals  Awarded. 

Beplated.    Old  Plates  Eonght,  or  Gold  Separated, 

These  Plates  can  also  be  purchased  of  JOHN  TAYLOR  &  CO.,  Corner  First  and  Mission  Sta 

San  Francisco  Gold,  Silver  and  Nickel  Plating  Works,  653  &  655  Mission  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  E.  G.  Oenniston,  Prop'r. 

Our  Plates  have  been  used  for  20  years.    They  have  proved  the  best.    We  adhere  strictly  to  contract  in  weight  of  Silver  and 
Oopoer.      SUND  F  )R  OIROITLAR. 


Daj's  Improved  Quartz  Stamp  Mill. 

This  Mill  is  designed  for  the  Prospeetor,  the  Assayer  and 
Sampler  of  Gold  and  Silver-bearing  rocfc.  It  is  a  perfect  miil, 
built  entirely  of  metals,  and  of  the  best  mcchar-ical  construc- 
tion; will  amaJgamate  perfectly  in  the  battery  or  on  platen. 
It  strikes  a  sharp,  heavy  blow  with  a  light  stamp.  Shipping 
weight,  225  lbs.    Price  S75.    Address  

ATLAS    IRON    WOKKS,  Cor,  Napa  and  LoDislana 
Streets,  Potrero,  SAN    PBANCIiCO,  CAL. 

N.  B.— Chappaeell,  Butte  Co.,  Cal.,  Nov.  10, 1889.— Mr.  Jas. 
Day  Chico:  The  little  mill  is  a  daisy:  it  comes  up  to  all  ex- 
pectations; it  works  perfect  in  all  respects.    Yours  truly, 

Walker,  Rkzse  &.  Co.    ' 


GEORGE    GOODMAN, 

PATENTEE  AND  MANUFACTURER  OF 


IN    AI.I.     ITS     BKAN0HE9. 

Scliillinger's  Patent  Side-Walk  and  Garden-Walk  a  Specialty. 

OFFICE,  807  MONTGOMERY  STREET,   NEVADA  BLOCK.   SAN   FRANCISCO,  CAL. 


FRISBEE-LUCOP  MILL  CO., 

MANUPACTORERS    OP • 

Centrifugal  Roller  Steel  Mills, 

FOR  PULVERIZING  ORES,  WET  OR  DRY, 

For  Amalgamation  or  Concentration,  and  for  Msnufacture  of  Cement,  Fertilizers,  Paint, 
and  all  other  purposes  for  whicb  grinding  or  pulverizing  is  required. 

Send  for  Catalogue  and  Price  List  to 

PRISBEB  -  LUCOP    MILL    CO., 

145    BKOADWAY,    NEW    YORK. 


DEWEY  &  CO.  {"''a,S'vig.f.''i?.^F'5ofi.'' }  PATENT  AGENTS. 


392 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[JuHE  7,  1890 


IMPROVED    BELT    FRUE   ORE  CONCENTRATOR. 


The  Best  Ore  Concentrator  in  the  market,  having  doable 
the  Capacity  and  doing  its  work  as  close  as  the  plain  Bait 
machine,  while  its  concentrations  are  clean.  It  is  need  in 
a  numb'^r  of  Mills,  the  most  notable  of  which  is  the 
Alaska  M.  &  M.  Go's  Mill,  where  24  Improved  Belt  Frues 
are  taking  the  Palp  from  120  Stamps,  cruahiog  350  tons 
per  day,  and  is  giving  entire  satisfaction  as  against  4S 
plain  Belt  Machines,  taking  the  Pnlp  from  the  other  120 
Stamps. 


Price  of  Improved  Belt  Frue  Vanner,  $82^,  f.  o.b. 
Price  of  Plain  Belt  Frue  Vanner,  $575,  f.  o,  b. 


Protected  by  Patents  December  22,  1874;  September  2 
1879;  April  27,  1880;  March  22,  1881;  February  20, 1883; 
September  18,  1883;  Jaly  24,  1888.     Patents  applied  for. 


For  Pamphlets,  Testimonials  and  farther  information 
apply  at  oftice. 

ADAMS  &  CARTER,  Agents  FRUE  VANNING  MACHINE  CO.,  Room  15. 


There  are  Over  2200  Plain  Belt  Machines  now 
In  Use. 

Thb  Montana  Company  (Limited),  London,  October  8, 1886. 
Dbar  Sirs  :— Having  tested  three  of  your  Frue  VannerB  in  a  com- 
petitive trial  with  other  similar  machines  (Triumph),  we  have  satisfied 
ouFBelvee  of  the  superiority  of  your  Vannerd,  as  is  evidenced  by  the 
fact  of  our  having  ordered  20  more  of  your  machines  for  immediate 
delivery.    Yours  truly,        THE  MONTANA  COMPANY  (Limited). 

N.  B.— Since  the  above  was  written  the  20  Vannere,  having'  been 
started,  gave  such  satisfaction  that  44  addition^  Fruea  and  more 
stamps  have  been  purchased,  ADAMS    &    CARTER. 

No.  132  Market  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


CALIFORNIA    WfRE    WORKS 


aESST-Ai^-^i^x-ariEia  isss.     x]>a'C!Oft.FO£i..A.M^:E:x3  I802. 


-MANUf  ACTUKERS  OF- 


Steel   "Wire   Rope, 


-OF  ALL  KINDS  FOR- 


CABLE  RAILWAYS, 

ROPEWAYS  and  TRAMWAYS. 

Mining,  Shipping  &  General  Purposes. 


WIRE, 

BARBED   WIRE, 
WIRE   NAILS, 

WIRE    OLOTH. 

Full  ASBOrtTrent  Always  In  Stock 


OFFICE: 

9  Fremont  Street,  San  Francisco. 

Send  for  Illuatrated  Catalo^e. 


hallidie's 
Patent  VV'^e  Ropeway, 

For  the  Economical  and  Eapid 

Transportation    of   Ore 

and  other  material. 


Erected  by  Us  During  the  Past  Fourteen  Years  In  Spang  of 

200  TO  2  000  FEET. 


Simple,  Economical  and  Durable. 


TBANSPOBTATION     OF     OBE     BY      Hai.I.IDIiS'S     PATENT     WIRE    EOPEWAY. 


HAVE   BEEN  THOROUGHLY  1ESTED 
In  all  Parts  of  the  Country. 


THE     PELTOIT     "WATER     "WHEEL    THE  GATES 

ORE  AND  ROCK  CRUSHER 


GIVES    THE    HIGHEST    EFFICIENCY    OF    ANY    WHEEL    IN     THE    WORLD. 


#HS# 


OVER  800  ALREADY  IN  USB. 

AflFords  the  Moat  Simple  and  Reliable  Power  for  all 
Miuing   and   MaDufaoturiog    Machinery. 

Adapted  to  heads  running  from  20  up  to  2  000  feet. 

From  12  to  20  ^  ^^  cent  better  results  guaranteed  than 
can  be  produced  from  any  other  Wheel  in  the  Country. 

ELECTRIC  TRANSMISSION. 

Power  from  these  Wheels  can  be  transmitted  long 
dietances  with  small  loas,  and  is  now  extensively  used  in 
all  parts  of  the  country  for  generating  both  power  and 
light. 

APPLICATIONS 

Should  state  amount,  and  head  of  water,  power  required, 
and  for  what  purpose  ;  with  approximate  length  of  pipe ; 
also,  whether  the  application  i^^  with  Fpference  to  Wheels 
or  Motors  described  below.     SEND  FOR  CIRCULARS. 

The  Pelton  Water  Wheel  Co. 

121  MAIN  ST.,  S&N  FBAITCISCO,  CAL. 


THE  MOST  IMPORTANT 
IMPROVEMENT 

Thit  Has  Ever  Been  Hads  in  This  Class 
of  Machinery. 

IT  WILL  DO  MUCH  FINER  WORK 

Than  Any  Other, 
AND  AT  ONE-HALF  THE  COST  IN  WEAR. 


"Varying  from  the  fraction  of  1  np  to  15  and  20-hor8e  power.     Uoequaled   for   all   light-runnioe  traihinery.     Warranted  to  develop  a  given 
amount  of  power  with  one-half  the  water  required  by  any  other.     ST  SEND  FOR  MOTOR  CIRCULAP       ADDRESS  AS  ABOVE. -Bl 


The  Pelton  Water  Wheel  Co. 

121-123  MAIN  STREET, 
San   Firauclisco,    Oa.1. 

GENEEAL   WESTEEN  AGENTS. 


Soi3Ljsil3lo "     Horso     HF^o-WT-or     Hois-tin.§r     '^TU'Tcxlrxxs^ 


These  Hoisting  Whims  are  built  en- 

,111,111 '        II     I  iM    111   iMMi    i"'r""i^  tirely  of  Iron  and  Steel,  mounted  on  a 

heavy    base  plate,   and,   consequentlv, 

are  vary  durable  and  cannot  be  artected 

by  extremes  of  either  cold  or  heat  or 

climatic  influences. 

The  hoisting  drum  is  completely  under  the  control  ot  the  person  in 

charge  of  the  hoistiugo'-  lowering  torough  the  shaft  of  the  ti^ine. 

As  the  drum  is  eniirely  independent  from  the  driving  gears,  the  opera- 
lions  of  hoistiug,  dumpiog  bucket  and  lowering  can  be  performed  with  the 
horse  in  »  onstant  molioQ,  a  feature  not  possessed  by  any  other  horse  hoist  in 
themnrket  and  one  that  greatly  increases  their  capacity  by  avoiding  the 
loss  of  time  due  to  stopping  and  starting  the  horse. 

They  are  verv  light  and  compact,  and  can  be  packed  for  transportation 
by  mules.  Their  cost  of  erection  is  very  slight;  two  men,  in  half  a  day, 
beinsr  able  to  put  one  In  place,  ready  for  work. 

With  each  Whim,  working  drawings  are  furnished,  showins:  in  detail  the 
proper  construction  of  Gallows  Frame  and  foundation  for  Hoisting  Whim. 
We  carry  in  stock  the  following  sizes: 

]Vo.  1.— Capacity  with  On  t  Horse  and  Single  lilne,  800  poands,  75 

Feet  per  Qlinute. 

No.  2.— Capacity  wltli  One  HorSFt  and  Single  I.ine,  COO  ponnds, 

135  Fett  per  Minut*-. 

Wcieht  oi  machine,  1200  pounds.  Total  shipping  weight,  including 
Sweep,  Levers  and  Sheaves,  I.IOO  pounds. 


NOS.  39 


51  FREMONT  STBEBT,  SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 


ROCK    AND    ORE    CARS. 


mim  &§lmm  mi  ^emml  M#ir». 


VOL.    LX.-  Number  24. 
DEWEY  A  CO.,  Publishers. 


SAN    FRANCISCO,    SATURDAY,  JUNE   14,   1890. 


Tbree  Dollars  per  Annum. 

Single  Copiee,  10  Cts. 


Retorting  and  Melting. 

Cats  OD  this  page  illaatrate  a  single  retort 
with  melting  furnace  for  bntlion  In  the  same 
setting.  Amalgam  ie  placed  on  trays  in  the 
body  of  the  retort,  and  as  qnichatlver  is  vapor- 
ized, it  passeB  through  the  nozzle  into  the  con- 
deaaer,  from  which  it  flows  into  a  receiving 
tank.  Connections  are  made  with  the  water- 
j  icket  of  the  condenser,  so  there  will  be  a  oon* 
stant  oircalation  of  water  while  retorting. 
When  all  the  quicksilver  has  been   driven  off 


by  the  heat,  the  gold  and  silver  will  be  found 
in  a  spongy  mass  ready  for  melting.  This  is 
done  in  the  meltlog  furnace,  the  gold  and  silver 
from  the  retort  being  placed  in  a  crucible,  and, 
after  being  melted,  it  is  ponred  into  a  bullion 
mold,  f  rom  whioh  it  is  taken,  cleaned,  and  made 
ready  for  shipment. 

When  desired,  two  or  more  retorts  may  be 
placed  side  by  side  in  the  same  setting,  having 
floes  runniog  to  one  stack,  as  shown  in  other 
cuts  on  this  page.  The  meltlog  furnace  for 
bullion  is  asually  bnilt  in  with  the   retort  set- 


ting   both    for    convenience  and   to  save  ex- 
pense. 

Eogravings  are  also  presented  showing  M.  P. 
Boss*  improved  bullion  meltiog  furnace.  This 
improved  furnace  is  operated  on  the  principle 
of  an  ordinary  forge.  The  pan  constitatiog  the 
bottom  of  the  furnace  should  be  titled  with  a 
mixture  of  bone-ash  and  fire-clay,  thoronghly 
tamped  down  and  then  scooped  out,  leaviog  a 
lining  about  two  Inches  thick  of  the  mixture 
over  the  entire  inner  eurfaoe  of  the  pan.  On  top 
of  this  and  ooofioed  by  a  wrought-iron  baeket  or 
grate,  charcoal  and  bullion  are  placed.  As  the 
bullion  melts.  It  percolates  through  the  char- 
ooal  to  the  bottom  of  the  pan,  and  as  it  aocu- 
mulfttes  here  it  is  to  a  certain  extent  refined  by 
the  absorption  of  the  base  by  the  bone-ash  lin- 
ing. The  melted  bullion  Is  drawn  off  directly 
into  monldn  by  tapping  the  discharge  spont 
{Conchided  on  page  400.) 


DOUBLE    SILVER    RETORT   AND    MBLTIJ^TG   FUBNAC^. 


BOSS*    IMPROVED    BULLION    AND    MELTING    FURNAOB. 


394 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[June  14,  1890 


Gof^f^ESPOI^DEJ^CE. 


We  admit,  unindorsed,  opinions  of  correspondents.— Eds. 

Mines  of  Calaveras  County. 

Sheep  Bancti. 
[Prom  Our  Own  Correspondent  ] 

The  Sheep  Ranch  mine  is  running  steadily. 
This  mine  is  down  1100  feet  on  a  six  to  seven- 
foot  vein.  The  property  has  been  worked  for 
many  yearp,  and  is  owned  by  Mr.  J.  B.  Haggin. 
Report  has  it  that  Mr.  Haggin  has  stated  that 
it  paid  380.000  a  year  net.  Mr.  W.  Clary  is 
aaperintendent.  While  in  the  engine-roorr,  I 
was  flhown  a  model  of  an  engine  with  a  new 
valve-motioD,  the  invention  of  Mr.  A.  N.  Poe, 
the  company's  machinist.  Mr.  Poe  is  building 
his  model  for  the  Mechanics'  Fair,  where  inter- 
ested parties  will  have  an  opportunity  to  ex- 
amine the  peculiar  mechanism  of  this  inde- 
pendent valve-motion.  Mr.  Poe  is  also  the 
inventor  of  the  indicator  used  at  the  mine  hoist. 
I  have  seen  no  indicator  that  was  as  simple  or 
more  effective  than  this.  The  mine  engineer 
informed  me  that  in  the  seven  years  that  it  had 
been  in  use,  there  had  not  been  a  single  mis- 
While  the  Sheep  Ranch  is  the  only  mine 
vporking  in  the  camp,  there  are  a  number  of 
other  properties  in  th  3  vicinity  that  only  need 
capital  to  bring  them  to  the  front.  Mr.  G. 
R^daseni  of  Mountain  Ranch  is  the  owner. 
The  Tom  Smith  has  a  tunnel  300  feet  long  cut- 
ting the  2  to  3  foot  vein  150  feet  deep.  Oue 
hundred  and  fifty  tons  of  rock  have  been 
crushed;  90  tons  at  the  Sheep  Ranch  mill, 
which  give  $li  a  ton,  and  60  tons  at  Woods' 
mill,  which  yielded  $20  a  ton. 

The  Chas.  Anderson  has  a  shaft  SO  feet  deep 
on  the  one'foot  vein.  This  is  the  same  vein  as 
the  Sheep  Ra^ch  mine.  All  of  the  vein  matter 
prospects,  and  in  depth  would  no  doubt  swell 
to  the  size  of  the  vein  in  the  Sheep  Rmcb,  as 
the  Sheep  Ranch  vein  was  not  aa  wiue  at  the 
same  depth. 

Mt.  Bench  or  El  Dorado. 
Here  Mr.  Rodaseni  has  several  itiineB.  The 
Gaston  Hill  has  a  shaft  down  103  feet,  with  a 
drift  from  the  SO-foot  level  75  feet  louf?.  The 
vein  runs  from  six  inches  to  four  feet;  .'iO  tons 
milled  from  the  vein,  which  gave  S15  a  ton. 
The  RDse  Hill  ia  another  of  Mr.  Rjdaseni's 
properties.  This  has  a  170-foot  shaft  and  a 
drift  800  feet  long  on  the  vein.  The  drift  is 
run  from  the  hillside  to  connect  with  the 
shaft.  The  vein  crops  20  feet  wide.  In  the 
bottom  of  the  shaft  the  vein  is  IS  feet  wide.  This 
ore  milled  $4  50  a  ton  in  free  gold;  rock  carries 
ten  per  cent  of  sulphurete,  aeaaying  §69  to  §400 
a  ton,  not  saved.  Another  tnnnel  of  1000  feet 
on  the  vein  shows  an  ISfoot  vein;  no  ore  mill- 
ed from  this  level,  which  cuts  the  vein  460 
feet  deep,  and  can  be  continued  on  the  vein 
and  120  feet  more  stope  secured.  Ore  in  this 
drift  is  heavy  with  sulphurets — U.  S.  patents. 
All  of  these  mines  are  for  sale. 
Glencoe. 

Mining  is  very  quiet  here.  The  San  Pedro 
is  driving  a  tunnel  to  crosscut  the  ledge.  The 
vein  ia  opened  to  a  depth  of  250  feet  and  levels 
run  225  feet  on  the  5  to  7  foot  vein;  221  tons 
crashed  averaged  $27.83  a  ton;  vein  is  called 
*' a  seven-foot  vein  of  SS  rock"  by  the  owner, 
G.  W.  Monroe,  The  Glenooe  Con.  mines  and 
mills  are  idle. 

West  Point. 

The  Lone  Star  mine  is  owned  by  Wisconsin 
■parties.  The  mine  is  on  the  north  fork  of  the 
Mokelumne  river,  three  miles  northwest  of 
West  Point.  Mr.  Geo.  L,  Brown,  formerly  of 
the  Lockwood,  is  superintendent.  The  mine 
has  a  new  20-atamp  mill  crushing  2^  tone  to 
stamp;  700  feet  pressure  requires  but  30  inches 
of  water  to  run  breaker,  sti»mps  and  Frue  con- 
centrators. There  are  two  parallel  veins  about 
75  aet  distant  from  each  other.  The  veins 
run  from  3  to  16  feet  in  width,  all  in  granite. 
The  tanneia  tap  the  vein  550  feet  deep.  The 
ore  is  largely  enlphuret.  Some  of  it  goes  as 
high  as  S625  a  ton.  The  mill  has  run  two 
months.  As  this  is  the  best  plant  that  has 
ever  been  erected  in  West  Point,  the  people  of 
the  town  hope  for  great  things  from  it. 

The  Tom  Paine  mine  is  now  the  property  of 
Mr.  G.  A.  B.lUngs,  formerly  of  the  S.  F.  Post- 
cffiae,  Mr.  Billings  has  the  shaft  down  100 
feet  and  a  level  out  60  f6e^,  showing  a  four-foot 
vein;  47  tons  milled  gave  @35  a  ton  in  free 
gold,  besides  the  large  per  cent  of  sulphuretp, 
which  give  S^60  to  the  ton,  Mr.  Billings  is  noc 
skeptical  in  his  faith,  but  is  a  true  believer  that 
the  Tom  Paine  will  pan  out  well. 

The  Blazing  Star.  C.  J.  Moore,  enperintend- 
ent,  is  now  down  275  feet  on  a  vein  running 
from  2i  to  3  feet,  which  mills  S26  to  S60  a  ton 
from  the  refuse  ore  left  from  sortiog,  the  richer 
ores  bsing  shipped  to  the  Selby  Reduction 
Worke,  and  realizing  as  high  as  $2000  a  ton. 
The  hoietwas  burned  down  this  spring  but  has 
been  rebuilt,  and  everything  ia  now  in  running 
order. 

The  West  Point  Chlorinatlon  Works  are  now 
in  charge  of  Mr.  0.  Wilson,  chlorinatlon  and 
pan  proceae;  charges  S20  a  ton. 

Bonanza  Gravel  MlneB. 

Thla  property  is  on  the  Amador  side  of   the 

forks  of  the  Mokelnmne  river,  about  five  miles 

north  of  West  Point,    The  claim  is  an  old 

river  channel  100  feet  above  the  present  river* 


bed.  The  storm  destroyed  almost  the  entire 
plant,  but  a  short  run  has  brought  the  lucky 
owners  out  even.  The  gold  is  of  the  same 
character  aa  that  at  Forest  Hill— cucumber 
to  pumpkin  seed  in  size  and  appearance.  Mr.  J. 
Buhlert  of  West  Point  is  the  owner.  It  is  a 
difficult  thing  to  say  what  the  future  has  in 
store  for  West  Point.  The  residents  are  firm 
in  the  belief  that  in  depth  the  mines  would 
all  prove  valuable.  That  there  is  rich  ore  is 
not  doubted.  So  far  the  most  of  the  work 
has  been  of  a  proapecting  character— $5000  to 
820,000  taken  out  here  and  there  and  the  vein 
abandoned.  The  Lone  Star,  BUzing  Star  and 
San  Pedro  promise  to  force  up  the  camp.  The 
Lockwood  is  working  a  small  force  of  men  in 
development,  but  as  I  could  not  find  the  super 
intendent  I  cannot  say  with  what  success. 

West  Point  has  been  avoided  on  account  of 
the  want  of  good  hotel  accommodations.  Here- 
tofore the  traveler  was  compelled  to  put  up 
with  what  was  offered.  Now  the  Mountain 
View  House  and  the  rooms  of  Mr.  J.  Buhlert 
make  a  visit  to  West  Point  a  pleasure  instead 
of  an  atliiction.  E.  H.  Schaeffle. 

May  '33,  1^00. 

The  Mesquite  Bean, 

[Written  for  the  Press  by  C.  R.  Okcutt.) 

One  of  the  most  useful  and  characteristic  of 
tho  trees  indigenous  to  the  southern — Mexican 
borders  of  the  United  States  is  the   mesquite 
tree,  also  known  vernacularly    in   some   locali- 
ties as  the  Cashaw,  or  Algeroba  tree. 

According  to  Dr.  V.  Havard  of  the  United 
States  army,  this  tree  constitutes  the  principal 
growth  of  the  wooded  tablelands  atid  high  val- 
leys throughout  South  and  S:)uthweetern 
Texas.  It  extends  westward  through  Naw 
Mexico  and  Arizona  to  San  Diego,  Californis, 
and  is  found  to  the  southward  through  Mexico, 
Central  and  South  America  to  the  southern 
parts  of  the  Argentine  Republic  (exclusive  of 
Patagonia). 

Proaojns  dulcis  (Kunth)  is  probably  the  cor- 
rect botaoical  name  of  our  tree,  though  it  is 
usually  called  Prosopis  julifiora,  T>.  C  ,  by 
American  botanists.  Algarobia  glandnlosa, 
Prosopis  horrida,  P.  julifiora,  P.  tiliquaatrum 
and  P,  glandulosa  are  either  eynonj  mi  or  mere 
varieties,  according  to  Bantham. 

The  mesquite  is  frequently  nothing  but  a 
thorny,  straggling  shrub,  growing  in  large  im- 
penetrable thickets  near  the  coast  or  over  the 
sandhills  of  the  Colorado  desert.  Elsewhere, 
in  less  exposed  situations,  it  becomes  a  low, 
wide-apreading  tree,  20  to  30  feet  in  hight, 
with  a  truak  seldom  over  a  foot  in  diameter, 
although  sometioaes  found  from  two  to  three 
feet  in  thickness. 

In  the  arid  regions,  where  this  tree  is  found 
in  its  best  estate^  this  tree  is  moat  useful  for 
the  excessively  hard,  durable  wood,  valuable 
for  fuel,  in  fencing  or  for  other  uses.  ^Mesquite 
posts  and  rails  are  but  slightly  affaoted  by  ex* 
poBure  to  the  infiuencea  of  ordinary  weather. 
The  trunk  and  roota  as  well  are  unsurpassed 
for  fuel,  making  a  hot  fire,  and  in  many  sec- 
tions, from  California  to  Texas,  is  the  most 
common,  often  the  only  obtainable,  fuel.  The 
wood  is  also  useful  in  cabinet  ^7ork,  being 
heavy,  fine-grained,  and  taking  a  fine  polish, 
when  it  has  the  appearance  of  mahogany.  It 
is  riofaly  covered,  varying  from  purplish  black 
in  the  center  to  a  reddish-brown  and  yellow 
near  the  bark. 

The  tree  is  also  adapted  for  live  fenoes;  of 
rapid  and  easy  growth  in  situations  where 
scarcely  any  other  tree  will  thrive,  it  can  be 
made  to  form  inpenetrable  hedges  in  a  few 
years  from  the  seed. 

Baron  von  Mueller  says :  * '  The  variety 
glandulosa  exudes  a  gum  not  unlike  gnm-arabic, 
and  this  is  obtained  so  copiously  that  children 
could  earn  two  to  three  dollars  a  day  in  gather- 
irg  it  in  Texas,  latterly  about  40,000  lbs.  being 
bought  by  druggists  there." 

On  the  other  hand.  Dr.  V.  Havard  in  speak- 
ing of  the  mesquite  tree  of  Texas,  says:  "Dar- 
ing the  summer  months  the  bark  secretes  an 
amber-colored  gum  which  has  the  taste  of  gum- 
arabic,  and  like  it  makea  excellent  adhesive 
mucilage.  Its  solution  in  water  is  slightly  acid 
and  astringent;  it  is  a  useful  and  palatable 
drink  in  the  diarrhea  of  children.  The  quanti* 
ty  of  gum  secreted  by  each  tree  is  not  large 
enough  to  make  it  an  important  article  of  com- 
merce." 

In  California  I  have  never  observed  the  gam 
in  any  quantity.  I  have  collected  specimens 
of  this  gum  that  closely  resembled  jet  in  color 
and  very  hard  when  found — evidently  caused 
to  exude  by  fire. 

The  tree  produces  abundantly  of  its  long  and 
slender  hean-Hke  pods,  with  a  thick  and 
spongy  mesooarp,  sweetish  to  the  taste.  These 
pods  contain  from  25  to  30  per  cent  of  grape 
sugar,  11  to  17  per  cent  of  starch,  7  to  11  per 
cent  of  proteio;  of  organic  Bcide,  pectin  and 
other  non-nltrogenoua  nutritive  substances  14 
to  24  per  cent.  They  are  also  comparatively 
rich  in  potash,  lime  and  phosphoric  acid.  The 
poda  of  severttl  varieties  are  said  to  be  rich  in 
tannic  acid. 

Containing,  as  they  do,  more  than  half  their 
weight  in  ass-milable  nutritive  priociplep,  these 
poda  constitute  a  valuable  article  of  food,  and 
are  one  of  the  staples  with  many  Mexicans  and 
Indians.  The  Cahnilla  Indiana,  and  also  the 
Oooopas  of  the  Colorado  deaert  region  in  Cali- 
fornia, gather  large  quantities  of  the  pods  an- 
nually, the  time  of  harvest  lasting  from  June 
into  August,  when  the  trees  are  frequently 
loaded  with  their  golden  wealth. 


The  Equaws  go  out  into  the  groves  and  bring 
back  their  "hotls"  (a  large  coarae-mesh  Back, 
resembling  a  hammock)  and  baeketa  full  of  the 
yellow  pods.  They  then  grind  the  poda  in 
their  stone  mills,  or  "  matatee,"  into  a  coarse 
meal  or  flour,  remove  the  seeds  and  hard  sheila 
around  the  seeds,  and  then  cook  to  suit  their 
taste.  Sometimes  they  boil  the  flour  in  water 
and  make  a  gruel  or  pudding,  but  the  larger 
portion  of  the  meal  goes  to  form  large,  flit 
cakes  or  loaves  of  bread  which  may  be  made  to 
supply  food  for  many  months  to  come,  and  are 
easy  for  the  nomadic  tribes  to  transport. 

This  bread  is  very  sweet  and  pleasant  to  the 
taste,  with  a  pleasant,  slightly  acid  and  astrin- 
gent, spicy  flavor,  A  sparkling  drink,  called 
alcja,  is  also  made  from  these  pods.  The  Co- 
manche and  Apache  Indians  formerly  used 
large  quantities  of  an  alcoholio  drink — %  weak 
beer —  made  by  fermentation  of  the  flour. 

The  mesquite  btans  (as  the  pods  are  com- 
monly calltd)  are  relished  by  most  herbivorous 
animals,  and  horses  and  cattle  will  eat  them 
with  avidity  and  thrive  on  them  as  a  substitute 
for  grain.  They  are  likely  to  be  more  largely 
utilized  as  fodder  for  stock  than  as  human 
food. 

In  this  connection,  it  is  worthy  of  note  that 
the  pods  of  the  meiqaite  produced  in  the  val- 
leys near  the  coast  are  almost  invariably  thin 
and  bitter  instead  of  thick,  sweet  and  nutri- 
tious, as  are  those  grown  in  the  more  arid  sec- 
tions on  the  Colorado  desert  and  eastward. 
Evidently  a  warm,  dry  climate  is  necessary  to 
the  best  development  of  the  fruit,  the  fogs  and 
coast  winds  causing  a  very  inferior  product. 

The  delicate  green,  finely  divided  foliage 
renders  thia  a  very  beautiful  tree  when  in  leaf, 
and  it  ia  well  worthy  of  beiog  extensively  cul 
tivated. 

Sa7i  Diego,  Gal, 

Hidden  Dangers  in  Dam-Building. 


Editors  Press  :—  In  the  oonatruction  of 
water-storage  dams  there  is  an  element  of  in- 
security to  be  guarded  against  in  some  casep, 
which  doea  not  seem  to  have  been  publicly 
noticed.  I  refer  to  the  swelling  of  the  ground 
under,  or  near  to,  the  dam-building. 

A  valley  or  wide  ravine  with  a  slight  de- 
scent, and  having  side-hills  coming  near  to  each 
other  at  ita  lower  end,  ia  economically  favor- 
able for  water-impounding  purposes,  provided 
that  the  coUeotiog  surfaces  above  are  large 
enough  to  insure  the  supply  required.  In  the 
arid  regions  such  a  valley  is  usually  so  dry  that, 
on  the  side-hills  at  least,  the  general  water 
level  can  only  be  reached  by  deep  sinking.  If 
solid  primary  rock,  with  little  permeability,  is 
available  in  founding  the  dam,  its  balk,  when 
submerged,  will  not  increase:  but  if  dependence 
is  placed  on  a  stratified  formation  containing 
layers  of  clay,  talc  or  shale,  its  expansion  when 
exposed  to  pressured  water  must  certainly  be 
expected.  Every  old  miner  has  bad  trouble 
with  swelling  or  '*  creeping  "  ground,  and  build- 
ers  of  escarpment  walls  are  aware  how  hard  it 
ia  to  keep  some  kinds  of  rock  in  place  during 
wet  weather. 

Aeauming  that  a  dam  hasbeen  built  on  an  un- 
stable foundation  of  the  kind  described,  what 
will  the  effect  be  when  a  pressure  of  50,  70  or 
100  feet  of  water  cornea  upon  it  ?  The  \\hole 
"country  rock  "  above  the  dam  will,  in  the 
center  of  the  ravine  especially,  both  underneath 
and  outside  of  the  dam-building,  be  saturated 
to  a  great  depth.  Under  the  abutments  on  the 
converging  side-hills  the  pressure  will  be  less, 
yet  every  pore  and  interstice  will  be  filled. 
Should  there  be  the  slightest  tendency  of  this 
water-charged  rock  to  expand,  either  laterally 
or  vertically,  it  is  easy  to  understand  how 
even  a  dam  ia  itself  well  planned  and  carefully 
built  may  in  time  give  way  owing  to  such  ex- 
pansion. 

The  sapping  and  weakening  effects  of  water 
percolating  under  high  pressure  may  go  on  for 
years  without  being  noticer*,  but  if  the  dam 
erection  is  ultimately,  though  it  may  be  imper- 
ceptibly,lifted  or  compressed  by  the  slow  swall- 
iog  of  the  ravine  or  hillside  formations,  so  that 
cracks  and  veinleta  are  formed  in  or  beneath 
it,  increased  pressure  may  suddenly  de- 
stroy it.  «•  1  - 

The  wearing  or  mechanical  effects  resulting 
from  a  sweating  process  going  on  in  a  dam,  or 
the  rock  underlying  it,  Is  not  the  only  evil 
whichis  to  be  feared.  The  air  acting  on  wet 
surfaces  promotes  chemical  changea  which  are 
followed  by  disintegration  of  the  affected  rockp, 
and  thus  slowly  yet  surely  there  may  be  de- 
structive agencies  at  work  where  least  expected. 

Should  there  ba  veins  of  porous  rock  dipping 
under  a  dam  from  its  upper  side,  the  passage  of 
water  through  such  veins  may  of  itself  prove  a 
hid.-^en  cause  of  disaster.  The  eaoape  may  be 
small  at  first,  but  a  aoftenirg  and  widening 
work  going  on  for  years  cannot  fail  to  weaken 
a  heavy  dam-building  not  very  far  abcve  it. 

If  I  am  right  in  assuming  from  reasons  stated 
above  that  the  building  of  dame  on  some  kinds 
of  stratified  rocka  renders  them  unsafe,  I  trust 
by  calling  attention  to  the  subject  to  encourage 
investigation  and  the  adoption  of  adequate  en- 
gineering remedies.  It  would  ba  some  satis- 
faction to  know  whether  the  Johnstown  and 
Walnut  Grove  dama  were  built  on  atratified 
rocks.  If  they  were  affording  evidence  long 
before  they  collapsed,  wbioh  they  did  not  give 
when  first  in  use,  that  cracks  had  been  opened 
in  them,  it  Is  reasonable  to  assume  that  they 
had  been  injured  by  the  expansion  of  the  foun- 
dation and  nillside  rocks. 

John  Dare  EiaEKSLEy, 


The  Gold  Belt  of  Northern  California. 

Ancient   River  Ctiantjeis  and    Gravel 
Deposits. 

NUMBER    I. 

[Wiitten  for  tlie  Mining  and  Soirntific  Press  by  Jahks 
F.  Talbott,  Shady  Ruu,  Placer  Co  ] 

The  original  purpose  of  this  paper  was  to  di- 
rect the  attention  of  mining  men  to  the  unex- 
plored and  nnprospected  mining  section  of 
country  between  the  North  fork  of  the  Ameri- 
can river  and  Bear  river,  which  in  my  opinion 
contains  an  ancient  river  channel  aa  rich  as  any 
in  the  county,  and  from  which  the  gold  in  the 
hydraulic  mines  of  Butch  Flat  and  Gold  Kun 
had  its  source.  To  give  my  reasons  for  this 
opioion,  I  have  outlined  my  theory  of  the 
gravel  depoaits  and  old  river  channels.  The 
paper  was  prepared  a  year  ago  and  left  at  the 
State  Mining  Bureau  for  publication.  Owing 
to  some  misunderstanding,  its  publication  baa 
been  delayed  to  the  present  time,  when  it  is 
given  to  the  Press.  I  was  not  aware  that 
Prof,  Hankp,  or  any  one  else,  intended  writing 
on  this  subject  till  I  saw  hie  first  paper  in  the 
Press. 

1  lay  no  claim  to  scientific  attainments  or 
literary  embellishments,  but  have  aimed  to  ex- 
press my  views  in  a  practical  form;  related 
facta  that  are  obvioup,  and  accounted  for  all 
of  the  conditioup,  as  appears  to  me,  by  the 
most  reasonable  and  natural  methods.  With 
deference  to  Prof.  Hanks'  ecientific  eminence, 
I  protest  against  his  arguing  both  sides  of  thia 
queation.  He  is  a  decade  or  two  behind  the 
age  in  regard  to  the  miners  in  this  section  of 
country.  Some  of  the  authors  he  refers  to  as 
being  advocates  of  the  river  theory  were  as 
visionary  as  that  very  limited  clasa  of  miners 
who  left  ounce  diggings  and  ruahed  to  Gold 
lake,  believing  there  they  would  find  the 
fountain-head  of  the  rich  deposita  below.  They 
poatibly  had  a  remote  idea  of  hia  theory,  and 
believed  the  lake  had  been  scooped  out  by  a 
glacier  and  they  would  get  the  coarse  gold  in 
its  bed. 

In  point  of  intelligence  the  miners  of  thta 
section  of  country  will  compare  favorably  with 
any  in  the  State,  and  it  is  uncommon  at  the 
present  time  to  find  one  who  does  not  believe 
in  the  river  theory.  They  consider  it  proven 
and  well  established  from  facta  made  known  by 
developments  within  the  past  decade.  I  have 
been  a  firm  advocate  of  the  ancient  river  theory 
for  the  past  30  years;  have  been  a  close  ob- 
server of  all  the  condibions  and  deposits  in  the 
deep  gravel  beds  and  drift  mines.  I  have 
stood  in  the  uncovered  channel  of  a  hydraulic 
mine  (and  handled  the  pipe)  and  have  swung  a 
pick  ut  the  breast  of  a  drift  mine  in  Oalifornia, 
and  I  have  not  seen  or  read  anything  that 
would  oanae  me  to  doubt  the  correctness  of  it. 

I  have  seen  nothing  in  all  of  my  experience  and 
observation  within  the  gold  belt,  from  the 
Calaveras  river  to  the  South  Yuba,  but  what 
can  be  satisfactorily  accounted  for  by  the 
action  of  water  and  extensive  landalides. 

PrGf.  Hanks  has  failed  to  show  wherein  his 
theory  possesses  any  practical  advantage  over 
the  river  theory  in  regard  to  the  discovery  of 
new  mines,  or  working  those  already  developed. 

That  those  gravel  deposit=i,  channels  orbaeins 
are  here  as  a  fact  no  theorist  will  deny;  and  I 
think  more  valuable  results  will  be  obtained 
from  a  correct  knowledge  of  just  how  they  are, 
and  an  examination  and  study  of  the  conditions 
and  indications  that  denote  their  existence  in 
unexplored  localities,  than  any  theory  about 
how  they  came  there,  however  scientific  and 
interesting. 

The  Mining  and  Scientific  Press  is  the 
only  paper  we  look  to  now  to  bring  our  section 
of  country  into  notice  among  mining  men, 
and  through  your  instrumentality,  in  tiae  near 
future,  thia  region  will  have  as  great  a  notoriety 
for  ita  drift  mines  as  it  had  laat  winter  for  snow 
during  the  blockade. 

With  thia  brief  explanation,  I  will  go  on 
with  my  paper  as  originally  written,  consider- 
ing, in  due  conrse,  the  hydraulic  mines  of  Dutch 
Fiat  and  Gold  Run,  and  the  proapects  of  min- 
ing in  an  extensive  unexplored  and  unproa- 
pected  section  of  country. 

There  has  been  so  much  written  about  the 
"  Citrus  Belt  of  Northern  California  "  that,  for 
a  change,  I  propose  to  write  a  chapter  on  the 
"  Gold  Belt  of  Northern  California." 

This  gold  belt  ia  on  an  average  about  20  miles 
wide,  extending  from  south  to  north,  running 
through  the  counties  of  El  Djrado,  Placer, 
Nevada  and  Sierra,  in   Townships   Ringea    10, 

II  and  12  east,  Mt.  Diablo  meridian.  In  some 
places  it  extends  beyond  the  lines  here  indi- 
cated, on  either  side.  In  no  portion  of  the 
world  have  as 

Rlcb  Gold  Mines 
Ever  been  disccvated  and  worked,  in  as  health- 
lul  a  climate,  with  easy  access  and  every  facil- 
ity at  hand  for  working  them.  In  the  early 
days  of  mining,  the  richeat  ravine,  canyon  and 
river  diggings  were  found  within  the  limits  of 
this  gold  belt.  From  numerous  localities,  from 
Hangtown  to  Downieville,  on  this  belt,  gold- 
dust  was  packed  out  by  the  mule-load. 

From  the  character  of  the  diggings  and  the 
thousands  of.  miners  working  them,  it  waa  ap- 
parent that  a  few  years  would  exhaust  thia  clasa 
of  mines.  In  1S51-52  the  miners  began  to 
realize  the  fact  and  feel  the  effects  of  the  wan- 
ine  rich  diggings. 

The  acoidental  discovery  of  gold  on  Georgia 


Jam  14,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


395 


Hill,  »t  Yankee  JimV,  in  tbe  snmaier  of  1851, 
marked 

Tbe  GommencemeDt  or  a  New  Era 
Id  miniop,  and  started  a  niiciDg  boom  as  big  u 
tbe  days  of  '49. 

Od  a  poiot  high  above  Oevil'a  Cinyoo.  on  the 
Boath  aide,  near  ^he  trail  leading  from  Vankee 
Jim's  to  Todd's  N'illey,  a  large  tree  una  up- 
tarned  by  the  roots,  anl  exposed  to  view  some 
fine  gravel  and  decomposed  bowHers.  A  oom 
pany  of  pxperie'^ced  Georgia  miners  were  at 
work  in  I)  vil's  Cioyon  and  had  got  big  pay  in 
the  oanyoD,  jast  below  this  gravel  point  on  the 
hill.  They  prospected  some  dirt  from  about 
tbe  roots  of  this  tree,  got  a  good  prospect.  lo> 
oated  and  worked  the  first  hill  diggings  in  PU< 
oer  oounty.  Ni  claim  of  the  kind  and  same 
extent  in  the  State  has  nrodaoed  more  gold 
th4n  this  one  on  OeorgiA  Hill. 

When  this  company  woiked  out  their  claim 
and  left  for  the  States,  they  loaded  several 
mules  with  eold-dnst,  the  proo^eds  of  their 
work  In  Djvil's  Cinyon  and  on  Georgia  Hilt. 
This  discovery  excited  universal  astobishment 
among  the  minert;  heretofore  the  richest  de- 
posits were  looked  for  in  the  deep  gorges  of  the 
oanvoDs  and  gulches. 

Up  to  this  time  no  particular  theory  had  been 
advanced  in  regard  to  the  aouroe  of  the  gold 
and  method  of  deposit. 

The  great  mystery  and  all  absorbing  topio 
of  the  day  was  to  find  out  how  tb^  gold  got 
from  Devil's  Oanyon  up  on  Georgia  Hilt.  Some 
of  tbe  pioneer  philosophers  of  the  pick  are  al- 
ways equal  to  any  emergenoy,  and  they  solved 
tbe  prootem  in  this  instance  to  their  own  en< 
tire  satisfaction.  They  pointed  to  the  admit- 
ted faot  that  the  same  kind  of  eold  was  found 
on  Georgia  Hill  that  was  in  Dtvil's  Cioyoc, 
and  that  there  was  but  one  way  by  which  ic 
oonld  possibly  get  from  the  canyon  up  on  the 
hill,  and  that  was  it  was  "hove  up."  This 
"  hove-up  theory '*  prevailed  for  a  short  time. 
Every  gravel  deposit  found  on  the  bills  bad 
been  '*bove  op  there,'*  according  to  their 
ideas. 

The  army  of  prospectors  for  hill  diggings 
soon  developed  the  fact  that 

An  Extensive  Gravel  Ranee 
Extended  northward  along  the  western  border 
of  the  gold  belt.  Rich  strikes  were  made  all 
along  the  line  south  and  north.  This  gave 
rise  to  a  new  theory,  the  **  oross  channel." 
This  class  of  theorists  claim  that  tbe  ancient 
river  channels  run  across  the  country  on  a  line 
with  the  extensive  gravel  deposits,  and  that  the 
modern  rivers  cut  them  at  right  angles,  A 
scientific  writer  of  the  times,  following  in  the 
footprints  of  the  practical  miner  as  strikes  and 
divalopments  are  made  northward,  thns  ex- 
prtsses  the  ideas  of  this  theory.  Of  Placer 
county  he  says  :  "It  is  traversed  from  south 
to  north  by  one  of  the  most  extensive  auriferous 
gravel  leads  in  Ciilifornia.  Commencing  in  the 
sooth  at  Todd's  valley  and  extending  northward 
through  Yankee  Jim's,Wi»consin  Hill, Iowa  Hill, 
Indiana  Hill  and  Gold  Kan,  from  Gold  Run 
the  channel  bears  northeast  to  Dutch  Flat;  here 
it  makes  a  short  horseshoe  curve  and  turns  di* 
reotly  to  the  westward  and  enters  Nevada 
oounty  at  Little  York."  There  is  a  wide  dif- 
ference of  opinion  among  the  advocates  of  this 
theory.  Que  portion  claim  that  the  grade  of 
tbe  ohannela  was  originally  from  south  to 
north,  while  in  places  where  the  bedrock  has 
been  reached  and  worked  to,  the  present  grades 
show  this  to  be  impossible.  They  tell  ns  the 
bedrock  has  been  "hove  up."  The  other  por* 
tion  contend  that  the  channels  ran  from  north 
to  south.  Both  parties  arguing  from  the 
same  premises,  point  to  the  admitted  fact  that 
certain  gravel  deposits,  channelf,  and  the  gold 
in  them,  are  identical  in  Sierra,  Nevada,  Placer 
and  El  Dorado  counties.  A  direct,  imaginary 
connection  is  made  between  points  50  or  100 
miles  apart,  over  higb,  barren,  t)edrock  ridnes 
and  deep  canyons,  wtiere  for  miles  there  is  not 
a  vestige  of  gravel  or  a  color  of  gold.  This 
theory  is  but  Uttle  better  sustained  by  existing 
facts  than  the  "hove-up"  theory,  although 
there  are  many  good  practical  miners  who  still 
adhere  to  it. 

This  is  an  outline  of  tbe  principal  theories 
that  prevailed  in  this  pection  of  country  until 
the  winter  of  1852-53,  when  a  company  of 
miners  working  near  the  head  of  Jenny  Lind 
oanyon,  south  of  Forest  Hill,  had  their  claim 
and  tools  covered  up  by  a  big  slide  from  the 
bill  caused  by  the  heavy  storms  of  that  winter. 
After  the  storms  let  up,  this  company  com- 
menced washing  ofif  the  slide  to  clear  their 
claim  of  the  debris  and  recover  their  tools, 
when,  to  their  great  surprise,  they  found  this 
slide  had  anoovered  a  very  rich  lead  of  coarse 
gold  and  revealed  its  source.  This  accidental 
discovery  tarned  the  progressive  miners*  ideas 
into  the  right  channel  and  added  many  millions 
to  the  stock  of  gold. 

Tunnels  Were  Run  In 
Through  the  rimrock  for  miles  abjve  and  be- 
low Forest  Hill  and  all  of  them  that  were  low 
enough  struck  rich  gravel  and  established  the 
fact  that  an  extensive  rich  channel  was  buried 
deep  beneath  the  lava-capped  ridge.  These  de- 
velopments originated  what  I  shall  term  the 
progressive  theory,  which  will  now  be  coneid- 
ered.  !•:  is  apparent  that  some  great  revolu- 
tion of  Nature  has  completely  changed  the 
condition  of  things  from  what  they  were  at 
some  remote  period  of  time,  and  those  extensive 
lava  ridges  point  directly  to  the  prime  cause 
that  produced  this  great  change. 
( To  be  Continued  ) 


Entries  on  Arid  Lands. 

There  seems  to  be  an  effort  in  progress  to  get 
Congress  to  amend  the  existing  law  wbiob  pre- 
vents tbe  issne  of  patents  for  arid  lands  In  view 
of  the  proposed  action  of  tbe  Government  in 
building  reservoirs  or  at  least  in  reserving  sites 
(or  them.     The  claim  is  made  that 

"  Not  an  acre  of  such  land  in  the  great  West 
entered  slaoe  Ositobtr  2,  ISSS,  can  be  pitented 
and  such  entries,  without  unseen  relief,  will  be 
canceled.  Tens  of  thousands  of  acres  oo  exist- 
ing irrigating  canals,  actually  being  cultivated 
and  reclaimed  by  water  from  such  canals,  can- 
not now  be  Ditented  because  entered  since  Oc- 
tober 2,  IS8S." 

Thousands  of  bona  fide  settlers  in  Califnrnis, 
Arizana,  New  Mexior,  Utab,  Ooloradr,  Wash- 
ingtor,  Nevada,  and  throughout  tbe  entire  sur- 
rcunding  region  have  been  allowed  to  enter 
Government  landr,  are  complying  with  the  law 
as  they  suppose  it  to  be,  and  as  It  has  existed, 
are  getting  water  from  constructed  irrigating 
canals,  are  honest,  hard-working  settlers,  but 
who  would  to-day  be  denied  a  patent  for  that 
same  land  and  are  unoonsoions  of  the  fact. 

If  the  facts  are  as  stated,  the  hardship  is  cer- 
tainly great  and  the  relief  measure  should 
receive  general  attention.  How  the  deplored 
condition  came  about  is   explained  in  tbin  way: 

"It  isetated  that  in  drafting  the  Act  of  Oot  2 
1S88,  which  reserves  from  entry,  settlement 
or  occupation  certain  public  lando,  the  conier- 
ence  committee  did  not  intend  to  prevent  and 
prohibit  the  entry  and  reolamation  of  lands  ad- 
jioent  to  constructed  irrigating  canals  or  those 
in  process  of  construction,  but  that  thty  did 
overlook  the  fact  that  the  broad  wording  of  the 
Aot  would  hava  a  wide-reaching  and  disastrous 
effect  not  intended  or  desired  by  its  project 
ora." 

We  give  these  statements  as  we  draw  them 
from  a  circular  which  we  receive  from  Ciiicago, 
without  our  indorsement,  beoanse  we  are  not  at 
the  moment  Informed  upon  the  truth  or  bearicg 
of  the  etatements.  They  commend  themselves 
to  the  attention  and  investigation  of  those  who 
have  patents  pending  on  entries  made  since 
1S8S.  We  know  there  are  hosts  of  such  en- 
tries, and  many  of  them  have  been  made  not  by 
actual  settlers  bat  by  speoulatorr,  and  we  are 
not  sure  that  the  movement  we  allude  ti  is  no!; 
nine  points  for  tbe  speonlator  to  one  for  tbe 
hard-working  settler,  who  does  not  even 
know  what  a  box  he  is  in.  For  this  reason  we 
counsel  Icqalry  and  contributions  to  our  ool- 
nmns  from  those  who  are  possessed  of  the  facts 
in  the  case.  The  remedy  which  is  proposed  is 
two-fold.  One  is  to  repeal  Act  of  Oo^.  2,  188S, 
so  far  as  it  might  be  construed  to  affect  lanu 
which  can  be  reclaimed  from  existing  irrigat 
ing  canals  with  vested  rightr,  allowing  every 
person  who  has  made  entry  of  lands  lying  so 
adjacent  to  such  canals  since  the  passage  of 
said  Act  to  perfect  the  title  to  tbe  same. 
Another  remedy  is  to  insert  in  the  objection- 
able law  the  following  amendment : 

"And  every  person  who  has  made  entry  nn 
der  homestead,  pre-emption  or  desert.land  laws, 
of  any  desert  or  arid  lands  lying  so  adjacent  to 
any  constructed  canal  that  the  water  tnerefrom 
may  be  used  for  irrigating  said  land  ,  shall  be 
protected  in  his  said  entry,  and  allowed  to  per- 
fect the  same,  subject  to  the  exceptions  in  this 
section." 

Oo  the  face  of  the  matter,  it  appears  merely 
to  give  title  to  lands  to  those  who  really  merit 
it,  bat  we  have  seen  so  much  legislation  which 
accomplished  results  not  held  in  view  by  the 
framers  that  we  apprehend  evil  from  any  meas- 
ure to  unsettle  the  present  status  of  the  arid 
lands  likely  to  be  improved  by  tbe  Govern- 
ment work. 


The  Carlisle  Mill, — The  person  in  charge 
of  the  Carlisle  mitt,  at  CarlisU ,  has  been  or 
flered  to  take  the  machinery  oo  ,  ship  it  to  San 
Francisco,  and  sell  it  for  wbatevdr  it  will  bring, 
excepting  the  20  stamps  leased  to  John  A.  Mil- 
ler. As  to  this  lease,  the  company  has  retained 
counsel  with  a  view  of  having  it  set  aside  and 
canceled.  Gao,  W.  Euetice,  manager  and 
superintendent  at  the  time,  executed  a  lease  in 
behalf  of  the  company  to  Mr.  Miller  to  20 
stampp,  and  agreed  to  put  everything  in  good 
order  for  the  running  of  that  many  stamps. 
The  company  desires  to  avoid  this  lease,  and  a 
hard-fought  lawsuit  is  liable  to  be  the  result. 
It  is  such  oonduot  as  this  on  the  part  of  alien 
corporations  that  brought  into  existence  and 
prevents  tbe  repeal  of  the  alien  law.  After  this 
company  bad  enjoyed  dividends  in  England 
from  the  products  of  this  mine,  it  should  have 
shown  enough  liberality  wheu  it  abandoned 
the  property  to  let  some  one  take  the  mill  oo 
fair  terms,  instead  of  trying  to  barter  the  ma- 
chinery off  as  old  iron.  The  conduct  of  the 
company  indicates  that  if  it  cannot  make 
money,  no  one  else  shall  get  the  benefit  of  its 
cftst-rff  proport-v.  Hardly  gratitude,  that. 
Southwett  [N.  M.)  Sentinel. 


The  Dyes  fkom  Coal.— No  less  than  51 
distinct  substanccis  are  found  in  coal,  all  of 
which,  though  not  equal  in  importance,  are 
largely  utilized.  In  tne  manufacture  of  coke, 
coal  tar  is  a  resultant  prodnot.  The  coal  tar, 
upon  redistlllatior,  yields,  among  other  things, 
a  large  amount  ot  volatile  oil  called  beczole. 
Hof mann  found  that  benzole,  u  pon  proper 
treatment  with  certain  chemicals,  yielded  anil- 
ine, an  oily  liqaid  akin  in  its  nature  to  tbe 
alkaloidr,  nicotine  from'  tobacco,  and  conine 
from  hemlock,     Hofmann    also   succeeded    ivi 


getting  a  beautiful  dye  from  aniline  by  oxida 
lion.  This  dye  is  called  rosaniline,  and  from 
it  may  be  obtained  tvery  conceivable  shade  of 
oolor.  It  is  a  curious  faot  that  this  intense  dye 
is  colorless  in  an  absolutely  pure  statr,  but  on 
uniting  with  acids  it  at  once  takes  on  its  char- 
acteristlc  vivid  orimeon  color.  Binoe  the  most 
important  part  in  the  manufacture  of  these 
dyes  depends  upon  the  oxidation  of  tbe  aniline, 
it  is  necessary  to  get  som^  oommon  and  inex- 
pensive substance  for  that  purpose.  Unfort- 
unately for  the  personal  comfort  of  many 
people,  areeoio  acid,  one  of  the  most  fatal  poi- 
sons, is  the  substance  generally  used.  It  is  due 
to  this  chemical  that  so  many  of  the  fabrics 
dyed  with  aniline  oolors  are  irjarious.  Tbe 
dyes  in  themselves  are  harmless.  Tbe  arsenic 
acid  is  not  etsentlal  to  the  color,  but  after  it 
has  done  its  duty  as  an  oxidizer,  the  msnu- 
faoturer  does  not  take  the  trouble  to  remove 
the  poison  oarefully  from  the  dyes.  The 
suggestion  to  use  other  oxidizars  that  are  harm- 
less has  often  been  made,  but  arsenic  aoid  is  in 
such  general  use  that  manufacturers  are  un- 
willing to  give  it  np.  Toe  only  possible  check 
upon  its  use  is  stringent  legislation. 

Cerro  Gordo  District. 

H.  M.  Yerrington,  Sam  Joner,  Lon  Hamil- 
ilton,  Evan  Williams,  John  Ludwig,  Cjlonel 
W.  J.  Sutherland  of  the  Candelaria  Company, 
and  Captain  Hulse  of  Eagland,  who  is  also 
largely  interested  in  Cindeiaria,  have  made  an 
exhaustive  examination  of  the  mines  of  Cerro 
Gordo  D.strict,  Inyo  Co.,  Oal.,  and  saw  devel- 
opments and  promising  prospeots  enough  to 
much  more  than  justify  tbe  glowing  accounts 
that  have  been  received  from  that  section. 
The  celebrated  Uaion  mine  was  thoroughly  in- 
spected, and  its  prosperous  condition  was  suffi- 
cient to  satisfy  the  experts  as  to  the  immense 
wealth  of  tbe  district.  The  appearance  of  this 
mine  and  of  other  valuable  mineral  properties 
aroused  so  much  Interest  that  Messrs.  Jones, Lud- 
wig and  Hamilton  remained  a  day  longer  for  fur- 
ther examination,  while  the  other  members  of 
the  party  took  a  hurried  glance  at  the  various 
other  important  industries  of  that  seotion.  It 
is  pretty  well  understood  that  Cerro  Gordo  is 
on'the  eve  of  a  return  of  prosperity  that  will 
cast  in  the  shade  the  recollections  of  former 
days  of  opulence. 

The  conditions  attending  the  development  of 
the  rich  ore  bodies  of  the  district  have  been 
80  changed  for  the  better  by  the  facilities  for 
tronsportation  and  reduction  afforded  by  the 
railroad,  that  the  renewal  of  activity  that  has 
arrived  at  such  a  stage  as  to  attract  wide- 
spread attention  is  but  the  legitimate  result  of 
confidence  in  tbe  ability  of  operators  to  make 
a  permanently  prcfitable  business  of  handling 
the  ore  of  the  camp— not  as  formerly,  obliged 
to  oast  aside  any  but  rock  of  very  high  value, 
the  owners  are  now  able  to  treat  successfully 
the  entire  yield  of  the  mines,  and  enforced 
search  for  rich  pockets  will  no  more  oause 
periods  of  unremunerative  mining. 

However,  although  Cerro  Gordo  district  is 
the  present  center  of  attention,  owing  to  its 
magnificent  promise  of  large  and  speedy  re- 
turns, it  is  not  by  any  means  the  only  field  of 
important  enterprise  in  Inyo  county. 

Tbe  party  with  Mr.  Yerrington,  after  leaving 
the  mining  district,  visited  the  great  soda 
works  at  Independence  lake,  and  also  the  Inyo 
matble  works,  where  the  qu  mtity  and  quality 
of  the  marble  surprised  those  of  the  visitors 
wbo  had  not  previously  seen  the  quarries.  It 
is  from  these  works  that  the  marble  lused 
ia  improvements  on  the  Pilace  hotel  is  being 
shipped. 

On  Sunday  the  party  reached  Candelaria  on 
the  return  trii ,  and  were  there  hospitably  en- 
tertained hy  Cjlonel  ISitherland  and  Captain 
Hulee.  Ciodelaria  h  a  again  become  one  of 
the  rushing  camps.  The  energy  of  Col.  Suth- 
erland's management  has  pot  the  mines  in  good 
condition  for  working,  and  the  excellent  pros- 
pects have  renewed  the  hurry  and  bustle  of 
other  times.  No  time  has  been  wasted  in  tbe 
work  of  preparation;  work  has  been  pushed 
with  vigor,  and  the  mill  in  town  will  begin 
oruahiDg  ore  on  the  20bh  of  this  month. 

The  great  chain  of  rich  mineral  districts  ex- 
tending from  Candelaria  south  is  scarcely  as 
yet  well  understood  by  the  mining  world.  The 
extent  of  territory,  value  and  quantity  of  ore 
cannot  be  realized  without  a  visu  of  inspection. 
The  abundance  of  all  classes  of  mineral  from 
free  gold  to  heavy  lead  ore  assures  for  the 
country  a  brilliant  future.  — Kirffmia  Enter- 
prise,  

Technical  Society.— The  Technical  Society 
of  the  Pacific  Coast  held  its  regular  monthly 
meeting  lapt  week.  There  was  a  good  attend- 
ance, and  Professor  Frank  Sonle  presided  in 
the  absence  of  President  J.  Kichards.  The 
feature  of  the  evaning  was  a  paper  read  by 
Professor  living  Stringham  on  "Napier's  peti- 
nition  of  Logarithm  and  its  Consequences."  He 
said  Napier's  definition  was  by  means  of  the 
relative  motion  of  two  points  in  a  straight  line; 
the  one  moving  with  a  constant  velocity,  the 
other  with  a  velocity  proportional  to  its  dis- 
tance from  a  fixed  origin.  He  said  this  defini- 
tion led  directly  to  the  fundamental  principles 
of  the  diffarential  calculus,  and  one  of  the  prin- 
cipil  objects  of  the  paper  was  to  show  how  this 
ccnueotion  was  made.  It  appeared  from  tbe 
paper,  as  read,  that  Napier  was  on  tbe  thresh- 
old of  tbe  discvery  of  the  differential  calculus 
more  than  half  a  century  before  the  publioation 
of  its  discovery  by  Newton. 


Big  Tree  for  the  World's  Fair. 

Neal  Girard  Van  Djornum  of  Cramers,  Tu- 
lire  oounty,  ia  making  preparations  to  take  cat 
a  section  of  a  big  redwood  tree  for  the  purpose 
of  exhibition  at  the  World's  Fair  in  1803. 

This  will  be  the  largest  section  of  any  big 
tree  ever  taken  from  California.  Tbe  tree 
measures  !)!)  feet  in  circumference,  making  It  33 
feet  in  diameter.  The  seotion  to  be  taken  out 
will  be  nine  feet  in  bight  and  60  feet  in  oironm- 
fereocf.     It  will  be  divided  into  three  outs. 

The  lirst  cut  will  be  one  foot  in  bight  by  20 
feet  in  diameter.  This  cut  will  be  split  once 
across,  making  two  half  roundR.  The  next  cut 
will  be  seven  feet  in  bight  by  20  feet  in  diam- 
eter, and  will  be  hollowed  out.  leaving  tbe  bark 
and  sap  and  about  fonr  inches  of  the  timber. 
The  last  out  will  be  the  same  as  the  first,  al- 
lowing all  the  timber  to  remain  and  only  split- 
ting once.  All  three  cuts  will  be  set  up  together 
when  on  exhibition. 

The  manner  in  which  this  tree  will  be  gotten 
out  will  convince  the  most  skeptical  of  people 
that  this  is  not  misrepresented,  but  the  largest 
seotion  of  any  big  tree  ever  takan  from  Califor- 
nia, The  World's  Fair  B'g  Tree  is  to  be  taken 
from  Mammoth  Forest,  Tulare  oounty,  Califor- 
nis,  which  is  located  52  miles  east  of  Tulare 
City,  at  an  altitude  of  0325  feet  above  the  level 
of  the  sea. 

The  work  of  felling  the  tree  has  already  be- 
gun. Ten  skilled  workmen  have  been  engaged 
and  are  busy  at  work.  Tbe  saw  to  be  used  in 
getting  out  these  seotiona  Is  22  feet  in  leogth, 
and  was  made  to  order  by  the  Pacific  Siw 
Company  of  San  Francisco.  It  is  said  to  be 
the  largest  oroaaout  saw  ever  made  of  one  piece 
of  steel,  and  is  supposed  to  require  eight  men 
to  handle  it.  It  will  take  ten  men  at  least  two 
months  to  complete  all  the  work  to  be  dono. 
Considerable  time  will  be  required  for  the  tim- 
ber to  dry,  as  the  weight  of  green  redwood  ia 
very  considerable. 

Everything  will  be  in  readiness  long  before 
the  proper  time  arrives  for  shipment. 

Three  flat  cars  will  be  necessary  for  trans- 
portat:'nr,  as  the  total  weight  will  not  be  less 
than  65,000  pounds. 

Chinese  Miners  on  Public  Land. 

The  Idaho  Oounty  Free  Press  says:  Since 
Judge  Sweet's  decision  in  the  Moose  Creek  case 
that  Chinese  have  no  right  on  public  land  and 
that  the  leasing  of  mining  ground  to  Chinese  ia 
equivalent  to  abandonment  of  tbe  same,  quite 
a  number  of  people  with  more  or  leas  good  in- 
tentions— and  not  a  few  in  the  hope  of  getting 
something  for  nothing — have  started  out  to  give 
the  Chinese  a  literal  interpretation  of  the 
judge's  decision  by  evicting  them  from  sundry 
claims  on  Salmon  river.  Pierce  City  and  else- 
where. The  mere  fact  that  a  cUim  has  been 
worked  for  a  number  of  years  if  regarded  by 
some  enthusiasts  as  prima  facie  evidence  that 
the  ground  is  very  rich.  We  apprehend  that 
there  will  be  more  blasted  hopes  than  gold- 
dust  realized  out  of  the  bulk  of  these  claims, 
and  that  their  owners  will  be  as  eager  to  re- 
linquish as  they  were  to  acquire  possession  of 
thsir  *' mines."  With  the  exception  of  the 
Moose  Creek,  Buffalo  Hill  and  Campbell  claims 
in  Elk  City,  and  possibly  a  couple  of  the 
Meadow  claims  in  Warrens,  there  is  no  ground 
of  any  consequence  in  Idaho  county  now 
worked  by  Chinese. 

The  time  has  gone  by  when  this  decision  can 
affect  the  status  of  the  Chinese  placer  miners  in 
Idaho  county.  It  was  announced  20  years  too 
late.  The  Chinese  have  skimmed  the  cream  of 
our  camps  over  and  over  again,  until  tbe 
Ciinese  question  has  solved  itself.  When  we 
first  knew  Warrens,  ten  years  ago,  it  was  a 
busy  hive  of  Chinese  industry.  To-day,  owing 
to  the  exhaustion  of  tbe  ground,  the  Celestial 
population  has  dwindled  away  until  now  they 
scarcely  equal  the  white  men  in  numbers.  Elk 
City  and  Fierce  City  have  undergone  similar 
experiences,  and  the  last  two  summers  wit- 
nessed a  very  large  exodus  of  Obinese  from  this 
county.     May  their  stay  be  long. 

The  Mountain  Ledge.  — The  Mountain 
Ledge  Gjld  Mining  Co.  (Limited)  of  London 
has  recommenced  operations  on  its  newly-ac- 
quired mining  property  near  Siena  City.  Con- 
tracts have  been  let  for  a  40stamp  mill,  tram- 
way and  other  essentiala  for  a  complete  plant. 
This  event  will  stimulate  other  enterprises, 
and  »s  this  corporation  ranks  foremost  among 
the  Eoglish  mining  companies,  there  will  be 
no  Idck  of  capital  to  develop  the  property, 
which  is  said  to  be  very  valuable,  and  will  con- 
sequently prove  of  great  advantage  to  Sierra 
county.        

Saving  Fuel. — In  view  of  the  numerous 
olitims.  of  inventors  for  saving  fuel,  a  well- 
hnown  locomotive  engineer  declares  that  if  he 
conld  invent  a  red  iiaint  that  would  withstand 
the  action  of  the  fire,  he  would  have  no  d  ffi- 
culty — by  painting  the  inside  of  fire-boxes  with 
it — in  getting  certificates  of  a  saving  of  25  per 
cent  in  fuel. 

Gold  and  Silver.— The  TJ.  S.  Sub-Treas- 
urv  in  this  city  baa  now  in  its  vaults  S6S  073  - 
411  7S  in  cold  hard  oasb.  Ov^r  S42.000  000 
of  thills  in  gold  coin  and  over  825,000,000  in 
silver  coin.  The  shipments  of  eilvdr  from  the 
SuH-Troainry  daring  tbe  past  m^nth  amoqqtecl 
to  S53  705. 


396 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press.' 


[June  14,  1890 


II]lNIJ\IG   gUMMAF^Y, 

The  following  Is  mostly  condensed  from  joumaU  publiflhed 
In  the  interior,  in  proximity  to  the  minea  mentioned. 


CALIFORNIA. 

Amndor. 

■  Big  Cleanup.— /.^(/^^v-,  June  7:  The  last  clean- 
up ot  the  South  Spring  Hill  nriill,  made  early  in 
May,  was  the  largest  ever  made  in  the  history  of 
this  famous  mine.  The  yield  amounted  to  $66,000, 
including  the  sulphurets  for  the  month.  While  the 
yield  would  have  been  a  heavy  one  under  any  cir- 
cumstances, still  the  fact  that  a  thorough  cleanup 
of  the  plates  was  made  at  that  time  helped  ma- 
terially to  swell  the  figures  to  the  above  handsome 
proportions.  The  plates  had  not  been  so  thor- 
ouehly  cleaned  before  lor  several  years. 

New  London.— The  40-siamp  mill  is  kept  plod- 
ding along  steadily,  eating  up  about  100  tons  per 
day.  It  only  requires  about  four  hours  per  day  to 
hoist  and  deliver  to  the  mill  all  the  ore  required  for 
the  24  hours.  The  Frue  concentrators  are  working 
well.  The  mine  is  unquestionably  on  a  solid  pay- 
ing basis,  although  the  ore  is  not  high  grade. 
About  80  men  are  employed  in  mine  and  mill.  The 
superintendent,  H.  Reese,  to  whose  judgment  and 
management  the  development  of  this  splendid  prop- 
erty is  mainly-due,  has  everything  about  mill  and 
mine  in  excellent  shape  and  running  with  clock- 
work regularity.  Owing  to  the  strong  pitch  of  the 
ledge  south,  most  of  the  ore  which  now  supplies  the 
mill  has  to  be  run  600  feet  to  the  shaft.  To  avoid 
this  travel,  it  is  probable  that  a  new  shaft  will  h°. 
sunk  in  the  near  future  some  distance  south  of 
the  mill. 

Plymouth  Consolidated. — Twenty  stamps  of 
the  Pacific  mill  are  kept  running.  The  new  ore 
body  struck  in  the  Indiana  ground  is  five  feet  wide 
and  estimated  to  mill  at  least  from  $to  to  $12  per 
ton.  The  discovery  holds  out  every  promise  of  in- 
suring another  long  career  of  prosperity  for  this 
famous  mine.  The  development  is  at  a  consider- 
ate distance  south  of  the  Pacific  shaft,  necessitat- 
ing running  the  ore  600  or  700  feet  underground. 
To  obviate  this  difficulty  it  is  probable  that  a  new 
shaft  will  be  sunk.  Messrs.  Hay  ward  &  Hobart 
were  expected  in  Plymouth  early  this  week  to  deter- 
mine this  matter, 

Amador  Gold  Mine. — The  mill  was  started 
Monday  afternoon.  As  anticipated,  considerable 
trouble  was  encountered  in  getting  the  car-track  in 
order.  This  track  is  about  half  a  mile  long  with  a 
grade  of  a  couple  of  hundred  feet.  The  loaded 
down-car  is  intended  to  pull  the  empty  car  back. 
As  the  grade  is  not  uniform,  and  there  are  one  or 
more  curves  to  be  made,  it  was  soon  found  that  more 
rollers  for  the  cable  to  run  on  would  be  necessary. 
These  have  been  sent  for,  and  other  defects  will  be 
remedied  as  fast  as  discovered.  It  is.  the  general 
opinion  that  with  a  few  changes  the  track  can  be 
made  to  work  as  intended.  J.  O'Neil  has  charge  of 
the  mill,  with  Jas.  Mushett  running  the  concen- 
trators. 

GovER. — This  mine  has  never  been  in  such  a 
flourishing  condition  as  at  the  present  time.  At 
the  mine  they  are  putting  in  self-dumping  skips, 
which  will  be  a  great  advantage  in  the  handling  of 
the  ore.  At  the  500-foot  level  there  is  a  25-foot 
ledge  from  which  the  mill  is  kept  running.  They 
are  prospecting  at  the  600  level  north  and  south. 
In  the  west  crosscut  there  is  a  four-foot  ledge  which 
is  increasing  in  size  as  it  is  driven  forward.  There 
is  every  indication  that  this  mine  will  run  for  a  good 
many  years  to  come.  Mr.  Call  has  given  his  great- 
est attention  to  this  property,  and  is  working  the 
mine  to  the  best  advantage.  Improvements  have 
also  been  made  at  the  mill.  Four  new  Woodbury 
concentrators  have  been  put  in,  as  the  other  ma- 
chine did  not  catch  the  fine  sulphurets,  which  are 
very  rich  in  the  Gover  rock.  The  machines  are  run 
by  a  separate  water-wheel,  which  is  put  12  feet 
above  the  machines  so  that  the  water  that  runs  the 
wheel  will  also  supply  the  concentrators.  New 
mortar  blocks  have  also  been  put  in.  A  new  clean- 
up room  has  been  erected,  adjoining  the  mill.  A  coat 
of  paint  inside  and  out  gives  it  a  neat  appearance. 
The  mill  is  in  good  working  order  and  is  one  of  the 
mills  that  decorate  -the  mother  lode  of  Amador 
county. 

Calaveras. 

Fine  Rock. — Calaveras  Chronicle,  June  7:  Some 
fine  rock  has  been  struck  in  the  Occident  tunnel  of 
the  Sandy  Bar  M.  Co.,  on  the  Mokelumne  river, 
this  week.  The  rock  is  heavily  charged  with  galena 
sulphurets  and  carries  a  liberal  quantity  of  free  gold. 
The  ore  is  good  for  $60  a  ton.  This  rock  was  en- 
countered 200  feet  below  the  surface.  The  surface 
ore  resembles  in  every  particular  the  ore  200  feet  be- 
■  low,  except  that  it  is  not  so  rich,  thus  leading  to  the 
presumption  that  good  rock  extends  all  the  way 
down.  The  ledge  is  5}^  feet  in  width,  but  the  rock 
is  not,  of  course,  of  the  same  grade  throughout.  It 
is  estimated  thai  the  whole  vein  will  average  a  yield 
of  $10  or  $12  to  the  ton.  A  force  of  carpenters  is  at 
work  upon  the  mill  pushing  it  as  fast  as  possible  to 
completion.  There  is  a  large  supply  of  rock  on 
hand  ready  to  be  put  through  the  mill.  The  mine 
bin,  with  a  capacity  of  about  Soo  tons,  is  full,  await- 
ing the  completion  of  the  mill-bin  to  be  relieved  of 
its  contents. 

More  Stamps. — ML  Echo,  June  5:  The  Tul- 
loch  &  Lane  luanagemeni  will  erect  at  once  an  ad- 
dition of  five  stamps  to  the  original  battery,  making 
ten  stamps  in  all. 

Inyo. 
Sylvanta.— Cor.  Judex,  June  7:  J,  C.  Crocker, 
just  in  from  Sylvania  mining  district,  reports  every- 
thing progressing  finely.  The  foundations  for  the 
engine  and  smelter  are  completed  and  the  furnace  is 
being  put  up.  Lumber  for  building  the  balance  of 
mill  arrived  Monday  and  will  be  shipped  out  im- 
mediately. About  40  men  are  working  at  present. 
Coal  pits  are  up  and  ready  to  burn  on  completion  of 
furnace.  Everything  in  and  around  the  Co.'s  works 
is  progressing  as  well  as  could  be  expected  under  all 
circumstances,  Sylvania  being  48  miles  from  Alvord 
on  the  C.  &  C.  R.  R.  We  were  shown  some  of  the 
ore  to-day  and  pronounce  it  the  best  smelting  ore  we 
have  seen  tor  several  years.  It  is  high  up  in  silver 
and  carries  from  35  to  85  per  cent  lead.  It  is  Ho! 
for  Sylvania  now,  or  bust!  The  travel  to  and  from 
there  is  increasing  daily.  We  hope  soon  to  see  the 
"j  -u  output  of  base  bullion  arrive  at  Alvord  for  ship- 
iit.  The  con:)any  has  hoisting  machinery  on  the 
'^  WhiGlJ  will  h?  erectefl  ^5  ggg^  35  poggi^l?  an4 


the  shaft  sunk  another  100  feet.     They  are   running 
tunnels  and  opening  up  the  mine  so  as  to  have  plen- 
ty of  ventilation  and  mine  in  good  shape  for  work. 
Mariposa. 

The  Hart. — Gazetie,  June  7:  For  the  past  two 
weeks  work  has  been  nominally  at  a  standstill  as 
far  as  the  actual  developments  of  the  Hart  mine  are 
concerned.  The  preparations  that  have  been  made, 
however,  will  allow  of  much  more  quickly  and 
extensively  carrying  out  the  necessary  opening  of 
the  mine.  It  has  been  demonstrated  that  the  ledge  is 
of  an  average  width  of  two  feet,  having  gradually 
widened  from  the  surface  where  it  was  but  six 
inches  to  the  present  level,  80  feet.  The  former 
force  of  three  men  has  been  increased  to  six,  and 
the  quarters  for  the  men  have  been  removed  to  a 
convenient  point  near  the  works,  enlarged  and 
made  more  of  a  permanent  character  than  those 
heretofore  occupied.  The  new  whim  was  com- 
pleted this  week,  and  work  is  now  being  pushed 
with  a  vigor,  worthy  of  the  ample  reward  the  pres- 
ent prospects  surely  indicate  must  result 

Nevada. 

A  Slight  Hitch,— Grgss  Valley  Tidings,  June 
3:  The  Brunswick  machinery  Is  ready  to  start  up 
and  will  be  in  operation  in  a  (ew  days,  when  differ- 
ences relative  to  the  contract  for  water  with  the 
Grass  Valley  Water  Co.  are  adjusted.  One  day 
last  week  a  ij^-foot  ledge  was  cut  in  the  second 
level  of  the  Brunswick.  The  ledge  shows  free 
gold  and  has  a  "lively"  appearance  generally. 
It  has  never  be''ore  been  worked.  Supt,  Fitzgerald 
regards  the  find  as  full  of  promise  and  is  anxious 
to  sink  on  it. 

Placer. 
Lost  Camp. — Truckee  Republican,  June  4:  A 
discovery  of  gravel  placers,  rich  in  gold  nuggets 
weighing  from  half  an  ounce  to  six  ounces,  is  re- 
ported in  the  vicinity  of  Lost  Camp,  between  Blue 
Canyon  and  Emigrant  Gap.  Rich  placer  ground 
was  discovered  in  Lost  Camp  in  1854,  but  the  pros- 
pectors, forced  to  leave  their  location  to  visit  Sacra- 
mento for  the  purpose  of  obtaining  supplies,  on  their 
return  failed  to  find  the  locality,  hence  it  was  chris- 
tened Lost  Camp.  At  the  date  of  its  first  discovery 
Lost  Camp  was  in  a  dense  forest  without  wagon- 
roads,  or  even  trails,  leading  to  it.  After  the  con- 
struction of  the  Central  Pacific  railroad  the  ground 
in  the  vicinity  was  divested  of  timber  to  furnish  fuel 
and  lumber  for  building  purposes,  and  the  aurifer- 
ous character  of  the  ground  led  to  prospecting, 
which  resulted  in  the  rediscovery  of  the  lost  placers. 
Forest  Hill.— Placer  Herald^  June  7:  At  the 
Mayflower  the  tunnel  has  been  run  1200  feet  in  a 
norrherly  direction  under  the  old  works,  and  Supt. 
Beech  expects  to  start  the  mill  in  six  weeks.  Swans- 
burrough  &  Co.  have  leased  the  Dardanelles  and 
are  taking  out  good  pay  dirt.  The  Breece  &  Wheel- 
er mine  is  paying  big.  The  yield  for  the  last  month 
netted  the  owners  $io,ooo.  Work  at  the  Hogsback 
is  progressing  satisfactorily.  The  tunnel  is  now 
1500  feet  in  length.  The  tunnel  at  the  Gray  Eagle 
is  in  about  1500  feet.  The  rock  is  soft  and  easily 
worked.  Henderson  &  Pease  expect  to  make  a 
good  cleanup  in  their  claim  at  Yankee  Jims,  as  the 
gravel  prospects  well.  A.  Clark  has  the  iron  ore 
band  for  some  600  feet  of  car  track  at  the  Wolverine 
tunnel.  Tom  Harper  is  rushing  his  tunnel  at  Sailor 
canyon,  having  run  about  700  feet  this  winter. 

San  Diego. 

Shaft.— Julian  5fn;'/«e/,  June  6:  The  contract 
for  sinking  the  shall  on  the  Kentuck  S.  mine  was 
awarded  to  L,  N.  Bailey.  Work  at  the  Owens  mine 
is  progressing  rapidly  and  operations  will  be  com- 
menced in  another  week. 

Shasta. 

Lower  Springs.— Cor.  Democrat,  June  6:  The 
Ottawa  reduction  works  are  almost  ready  to  resume 
work  again.  They  have  changed  crushers  and  now 
have  a  Dodge  pulverizer.  They  have,  or  will  hav, 
100  tons  of  ore  from  the  Becker  mine,  located  on  the 
Igo  road.  It  is  not  their  best  ore  but  will  be  a  gen- 
eral sample.  Sheriff  Hopping  and  Cowen,  owners 
of  the  Chalk  Hill  mine,  located  about  seven  miles 
southwest  of  Redding,  have  bought  r6o  acres  of  land 
from  the  railroad  company  and  on  this  land  is  some 
very  good  placer  ground,  but  the  most  attractive 
feature  of  this  property  is  the  Hopping  &  Cowen 
quartz  ledge.  They  have  taken  out  about  seven  tons 
of  ore  that  ought  to  mill  $  too  per  ton  free  milling, 
and  still  more  in  sight.  Near  Tadpole,  below  Cen- 
terville,  they  have  three  large  ledges,  all  of  which 
prospect  very  well.  One  ot  the  three  is  called  the 
Legal  Tender  mine,  which  has  $t5-ore  in  sight. 
The  Pearl  mine,  in  Lower  Springs  mining  district, 
is  having  assessment  work  done  for  1890.  Some  of 
the  ore  runs  10  per  cent  in  sulphurets,  and  assays 
over  $300  per  ton.  The  ledge  will  average  one  foot 
wide. 

Reduction  Works.— Redding  Free  Press,  June 
7:  The  reduction  works  below  town  are  ready  for 
business.  The  gold  is  separated  from  the  quartz 
dust  by  specific  gravity  and  a  system  of  air  cur- 
rents, Wm.  P.  Miller  of  Lower  Springs  is  having  a 
couple  of  tons  worked  by  way  of  test.  Should  this 
process  of  reducing  ores  prove  a  success,  there  will 
be  plenty  of  business  for  the  projectors  of  the  enter- 
prise, and  these  works  will  be  followed  by  a  smelt- 
ing plant. 

A  Third  Tunnel.— Mr.  Hart  of  the  Texas  and 
Georgia  mine  says  that  the  mine  at  Old  Diggings  is 
looking  splendid.  He  is  driving  his  third  tunnel 
into  a  mountain  of  ore,  which  is  very  rich  at  a  dis- 
tance of  640  feet  from  the  surface. 

Castle  Crag,— Huffacre  is  down  from  Castle 
Crag  and  says  that  country  is  alive  with  prospectors 
and  that  many  locations  have  been  made  all  over 
the  Castle  Creek  district. 

Sierra. 

A  FWLVR^.—Moi^ntain  Messenger,  June  7:  The 
Red  Chief  quartz  mine,  on  Kanaka  Creek,  Sierra 
county,  on  which  Prof.  Barnhardt,  from  Cleveland, 
Ohio,  with  a  flourish  of  trumpets,  built  a  big  mill 
last  year,  with  Eastern  cipital,  without  first  taking 
the  precaution  to  ascertain  if  he  had  enough  p;iy  ore 
to  make  a  mine,  has  been  attached  by  Albert  Hotch- 
kiss,  who  has  a  judgment  against  the  property  for 
$6318.50. 

Siskiyou. 

Gravel  and  Quarz.— Yreka  Journal,  June  11; 
The  Black  Jack  Mining  Co.,  at  Cottonwood  intend 
having  their  hard  gravel  crushed  in  Coyle  &  Jacobs 
mill,  as  an  easier  meihod  than  endeavoring  to  dis- 
solve it  in  sluices.  River  miners  on  the  Klamath 
are  busily  engaged  jq  getting  ready  for  bQistjng 


gravel  from  the  bedrock  of  the  the  ancient  channel, 
where  the  gold  is  generally  quite  plentiful,  and 
most  of  them  will  be  taking  out  pay  between  now 
and  the  4th  of  July.  Considerable  prospecting  for 
quartz  is  carried  on  in  the  Siskiyou  foothills,  at  the 
head  of  Hungry,  Beaver,  Grouse,  Barkhouse  and 
several  other  streams  emptying  into  the  Klamath 
river.  The  quartz  mill  on  Yreka  Flats,  near  town, 
is  now  occupied  in  crushing  a  lot  of  quartz  from 
Charley  Abbott's  ledge  on  Greenhorn,  after  which 
other  lots  from  Spring  and  Humbug  gulches,  west 
of  Yreka  Flats,  will  be  hauled  for  crushing  at  same 
mill.  The  Quartz  Hill  Co.  at  Scott  Bar  are  now 
laying  a  pipe  across  the  river  on  the  new  Scott 
River  bridge,  to  run  their  mill,  and  have  a  day  and 
night  shift  getting  out  quartz  from  the  ledge, 

Trinity. 

Canyon  Ck^.'^vl,— Journal,  June  7:  The  quartz 
interests  in  this  locality  are  looming  up  somewhat, 
but  as  yet  not  much  work  has  been  done  on  many 
of  the  locations.  Some  of  the  owners  of  locations 
will  begin  operations  in  one  or  two  weeks,  when  it 
is  confidently  expected  that  good  ledges  will  be 
opened  up.  Conrad  Dannenbrink  is  doing  good 
work  in  his  placer  mine,  getting  off  a  good  quantity 
of  gravel,  and  more  than  an  average  cleanup  is  ex- 
pected. 

NEVADA. 

'Wasboe  Dl8t:rlct. 

Andes. — Virginia  Enterprise,  June  7;  West 
crosscut  No.  2  on  the  420  level  has  been  extended 
55  feet,  cutting  a  vein  of  quartz  25  feet  thick  which 
gives  low  assays. 

Gould  &  Curry.— On  the  400  level  the  north- 
west drift  has  been  extended  16  feet;  total  length,  97 
feet.     Formation,  hard  porphyry. 

Best  &  Belcher.— On  the  tooo  level  joint  west 
crosscut  No.  i  has  been  extended  22  feet;  total 
length,  352  feet.  On  the  1200  level  work  during 
the  past  week  has  been  confined  to  repairs. 

Potosi. — On  the  850  level  east  crosscut  No.  4  is 
still  being  advanced  in  vein  porphyry.  The  indi- 
cations continue  good  in  the  winze  below  the  930 
level.  The  quartz  at  that  point  carries  considerable 
metal. 

Imperial. — West  crosscut  No.  3  from  the  north 
lateral  drift  from  the  500  level  is  out  38  feet,  12  feet 
having  been  made  during  the  week,  the  face  show- 
ing low-grade  quartz.  East  crosscut  No.  2  from  the 
south  lateral  drift  on  the  450  level  is  out  38  feet, 
having  been  advanced  12  feet  during  the  week,  the 
face  showing  low-grade  quartz. 

Savage. — Work  is  going  forward  favorably  at  all 
points. 

Hale  &  Norcross. — Are  working  on  the  500, 
800,  1250,  1300  and  other  levels.  At  several  points 
low-grade  ore  is  showing,  and  some  of  these  are 
likely  to  lead  to  paying  deposits.  A  good  deal  of 
ore  is  being  mined  on  the  1300  level. 

Belcheh. — A  great  deal  of  prospecting  is  being 
done  on  the  200  level  in  fertile  ground,  and  quartz 
is  being  penrtrated  at  several  points,  which  shows 
metal.  On  the  300,  850  and  1300  levels  much  work 
is  doing  in  the  way  of  exploration,  and  some  ore  of 
fair  grade  is  being  encountered. 

Exchequer.— On  the  500  level  the  east  crosscut 
continues  in  vein  material  that  gives  low  assays. 

Alpha. — On  the  500  level  the  west  crosscut  is 
being  advanced  in  porphyry.  On  the  600  level  the 
east  crosscut  is  in  a  favorable  formation  consisting 
mainly  of  quartz,  clay  and  porphyry. 

Chollar.  — Good  ore  is  still  showing  on  the  750 
level  in  No.  r  crosscut.  No.  3  crosscut  is  in  a  favor- 
able formation.  The  north  lateral  drift  on  the  950 
level  continues  in  vein  porphrry. 

Crown  Point.— Southeast  drift  from  the  seventh 
floor  of  the  400  raise  is  out  42  feel,  and  the  face  is 
in  low-grade  quartz  and  clay.  Work  was  resumed 
in  the  mine  on  the  ist  inst. ,  having  been  suspended 
during  the  remainder  of  the  week  on  account  of 
high  water  in  the  river  which  rendered  the  working 
of  ore  impossible.  Shipped  to  the  mill  during  the 
week  342  tons  and  230  pounds,  the  average  battery 
assay  of  which  was  $19.52. 

Seg.  Belcher. — The  usual  prospecting  work  is 
being  done,  but  without  change  of  formation  worthy 
of  note,  A  favorable  condition  is  that  the  ground 
continues  soft. 

Justice.— Considerable  ore  of  a  good  grade  is 
being  developed  at  all  points  on  the  622  level.  On 
the  490  level  explorations  are  being  made  in  fertile 
ground  and  some  fair  ore  has  been  found.  The 
usual  amount  of  ore  has  been  shipprd  to  the  mill, 
and  the  average  assay  will  be  about  $27  a  ton. 

Challenge  Con.  —  The  joint  Challenge-Confi- 
dence west  crosscut  No.  2,  from  the  700  north 
drift  {500  Yellow  Jacket  level)  is  out  158  feet,  24 
feet  having  been  made  during  the  week;  face 
showing  quartz  and  porphyry.  The  joint  Confi- 
dence-Challenge north  lateral  drift  from  No.  i 
crosscut  is  in  5  feet,  having  been  commenced  dur- 
ing the  week.  This  drift  is  running  north,  227 
feet  west  from  the  main  north  lateral  drift,  for  the 
purpose  of  prospecting  a  streak  of  ore  cut  in  cross 
cut  No.  T. 

New  York  Con. — The  usual  prospecting  work 
is  being  done  on  the  650,  800  and  900  levels.  On 
the  two  latter  levels  some  ore  of  low  grade  is  being 
encountered- 

Silver  Hill. — The  east  drift  on  the  1600  level 
has  reached  ground  that  shows  material  that  car- 
ries some  metal. 

Alta. — The  mill  continues  to  be  run  to  its  full 
capacity.  The  ore  worked  averages  $22  a  ton. 
The  ore-producing  sections  of  the  mine  continue 
to  look  well.  Some  prospecting  work  is  in 
progress. 

Yellow  Jacket. — Are  still  making  regular  ship- 
ments of  ore  to  the  Brunswick  mill,  Carson  river. 
The  ore  averages  over  $20  a  ton. 

Sierra  Nevada. — The  west  crosscut  from  the 
main  southwest  drift  on  the  630  level  still  continues 
in  vein  porphyry. 

Union  Con.— East  crosscut  No.  i,  on  the  1465 
level,  is  still  driven  ahead  and  repairs  are  making 
to  the  north  latc-al  drift. 

Mexican.— West  crosscut  No,  5,  on  the  1465 
level,  is  in  quartz  that  shows  some  metal. 

Ophir. — Are  sinking  a  winze  southwest  of  the 
1300  raise.  The  ore  streak  heretofore  followed 
on  this  level  has  tapered  down  into  quartz  of  trifling 
value. 

North  Occidental.  —  Are  still  doing  repair 
work. 

Occidental  Con.— The  400,  450  and  500  levels 
are  still  yielding  a  consideratil?  ^moynt  Qf   gouci 


ore.  On  the  650  level  the  exploring  drifts  have 
reached  quartz  that  is  beginring  to  carry  metal. 

Con.  California  &  Virginia. — The  1300  and 
1500  levels  continue  to  yield  the  usual  quantity  of 
ore.  On  the  1435  level,  west  crosscut  No.  3,  from 
the  main  south  drift,  110  feet  south  of  west  crosscut 
No.  1,  is  advanced  302  feet,  continuing  in  por- 
phyry.and  quartz  showing  value.  Are  still  obtain- 
ing good  ore  at  several  points  on  the  1650  level. 
The  usual  amount  will  this  week  be  shipped  to 
mills  on  the  Carson  river  and  the  average  of  bat- 
tery assays  will  be  about  the  same  as  last  week. 

Scorpion. — The  southwest  drift  on  the  630  level 
still  continues  in  a  favorable  formation  composed 
of  a  mixture  of  porphyry  and  clay. 

Eureka  District. 
Ore  Shipments.  —  Se?itinel,  June  7:  During 
the  present  week  the  E.  &  P.  railroad  shipped  370 
tons  of  ore  to  Salt  Lake  City.  This  amount  is  not 
up  to  the  general  average  of  shipments  per  week. 
The  failing  off  is  due  to  the  Diamond  Co.  using 
the  teams  in  hauling  their  new  machinery  and 
lumber,  in  place  of  hauling  ore  from  the  mine. 

Hicks  District. 

An  Examination.— Elko  Free  Press,  June  7: 
We  understand  that  a  mining  expert  of  high  scien- 
tific attainments,  from  the  East,  visited  this  (Hicks) 
district  some  8  or  10  days  ago  with  a  view  of  exam- 
ining the  Woonookee  mine  and  its  extension,  and 
reporting  thereon  to  a  party  of  prominent  Si.  Louis 
capitalists.  After  examining  the  mines  and  their 
surroundings  he  was  much  pleased  with  the  size  and 
character  of  the  ore  bodies  exposed  to  view,  as  well 
as  the  richness  of  the  same,  and  when  informed  of 
the  number  of  mining  districts  that  lie  in  this  min- 
eral zone  unexplored  he  was  perfectly  amazed  at  the 
vast  metallic  wealth  that  seemed  to  be  in  this  re- 
markable region.  The  price  fixed  'or  the  property 
examined  is  only  $too,ooo,  and  there  is  no  doubt 
but  what  the  sale  will  be  consummated.  The  Hicks 
mining  district  is  situated  northeast  from  Mountain 
City  some  13  miles,  and  from  Elko  about  75  miles 
due  north.  The  mineral  surface  indications  are 
very  conspicuous  and  naturally  attract  the  attention 
of  geologists  and  mining  experts.  This  mineral 
field  is  about  8  miles  long  and  5  wide.  The  for- 
mation is  slate  limestone  with  dykes  of  granite  here 
and  there.  The  ores  are  smelting,  galena  and  car- 
bonate in  character  with  considerable  desulphur- 
ized iron.  The  principal  mines  are  situated  on  one 
of  the  main  spurs  of  Hicks  Mountain,  known  as 
Capital  Hill.  The  principal  ledges  are  the  McDon- 
ald and  Woonookee,  owned  by  McDonald,  and  the 
First  North  Extension,  which  is  owned  by  Messrs. 
Sproule  &  Miyhugh.  To  the  south,  on  the  same 
vein,  is  located  the  Constitution  and  the  First  South 
Extension;  also  the  G'obe,  with  several  other  loca- 
tions of  importance.  The  McDonald  mine  has  been 
thoroughly  explored  and  developed,  and  exposes  to 
view  several  thousand  tons  of  ore  that  will  average 
from  S65  to  $70  per  ton.  The  Woonookee  is  also 
well  developed  by  a  number  of  shafts  and  stopes 
which  show  a  ledge  25  feet  wide,  giving  an  average 
assay  of  $75  to  $80  per  ton.  The  First  North  Ex- 
tension has  not  been  opened  out  yerto  any  extent, 
but  all  indications  give  promise  of  grtat  value. 
Htcks  Mountain  is  covered  with  an  immense 
growth  of  large  timber,  suitable  for  mining,  milling 
and  domestic  purposes.  Just  below  the  mine,  in 
the  canyon  (which  has  an  easy  descent)  some  800  or 
900  feet,  flows  one  of  Nevada's  most  beautiful 
streams  of  pure  water,  gurgling  the  entire  year  from 
the  base  of  this  great  mountain,  whose  altitude  is 
not  less  than  12,000  feet  above  the  level  of  the  sea. 

Jackrabbit  District. 

Promising  Outlook:,— Pioche  Pecord,  June  2: 
Tuesday  we  paid  a  visit  to  Jackrabbit,  and  while 
there  examined  the  Day  mine  and  Onondaga,  both 
the  property  of  the  Pioche  Consolidated  and  Yuba 
Mining  Co.'s. 

The  Day  Mine  was  purchased  by  the  present 
owners  some  three  months  ago,  and  is,  under  the 
foremanship  of  Mr.  T.  C.  Williams,  proving  a 
valuable  piece  of  property.  They  are  at  present 
working  a  force  of  about  35  men  and  expect  soon 
to  increase.  The  mine  is  900  feet  deep,  but  work 
at  present  extends  to  400  feet  only.  A  drift  of 
800  feet  leads  one  to  where  the  engine  is;  a  drop 
of  400  feet  and  you  are  on  the  4th  station  where 
there  is  a  body  of  ofe  in  sight  that  is  100  feet  wide 
and  7  feet  thick  and  opened  for  about  200  feet. 
The  amount  of  ore  on  this  level  is  hard  to  com- 
pute, but  it  is  safe  to  say  that  100  Ions  a  day  can 
be  shipped  for  two  years  at  least.  The  advent  of 
the  railroad  next  fall  will  see  trains  loaded  with 
Day  ore  leaving  the  depot  regularly.  The  average 
of  this  ore  is  about  40  oz.  silver  and  20  per  c^nt 
lead.  On  the  engine  level  and  where  the  strike 
was  made  which  partly  induced  the  purchase  ;of 
the  mine;  a  stope  has  been  run  for  a  distance  of 
200  teet,  the  ore  averaging  for  the  whole  distance 
three  feet  in  width,  and  will  assay  50  to  80  oz.  and 
25  per  cent  lead.  On  the  top  workings  of  the 
mine  there  is  a  fine  body  of  two  feet  of  ore  exposed 
that  goes  200  oz.  silver  and  with  a  little  assorting 
will  go  40  oz.  per  ton.  The  mine  as  it  now  stands 
with  work  only  being  done  on  the  above-mentioned 
places  shows  more  ore  in  sight  and  of  a  larger  body 
than  any  mine  on  the  coast,  possibly  outside  of  the 
Comstock.  The  same  body  of  ore  shows  itself  on 
the  6th  level,  but  has  not  been  opened  up  yet. 

The  Onondaga  Mine,  which  has  recently  been 
purchased  (rom  Messrs.  Turner,  Welland  and 
Williams  fw  the  sum  of  $36,000,  is  another  fine 
piece  of  property.  O^be  ore  of  this  mine  is  easily 
worked  and  of  a  more  than  average  grade.  There 
are  at  present  five  men  taking  out  ore,  and  it  is  un- 
derstood that  it  will  not  be  long  before  more  men 
will  be  put  on. 

Jersey  District. 

Shipment  of  Lead  Ore.— Reese  River  Reveille, 
June  4:  John  Able  hauled  to  the  N.  C.  track,  this 
side  of  Bridges' station,  yesterday,  40  sacks  of  lead 
ore,  taken  from  Blossom's  mine  in  the  Jersey|district. 
He,  S.  W.  Sturgeon  and  George  Able  have  leased 
it,  and  propose  taking  out  a  carload  and  having  it 
sampled  at  Lediie.  We  learn  that  it  carries  a  large 
per  cent  of  lead,  and  that  the  Lediie  sampling  works 
uill  take  every  ton  of  it,  as  it  is  very  valuable  to  mix 
with  smelting  ores.  The  boys  speak  very  favorably 
of  their  prospect  and  propose  to  get  out  everything 
that  there  is  in  it. 

JuDgo  DJatrict. 

Prospecting. — Silver  State,  June  5:  C.  S. 
Wright  and  Charley  Harvey  are  prospecting  a  mine 
which  they  own  in  Jungo  district,  .^o  miles  west  of 


JONE  14,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


397 


WiDncniucca.  I  hey  have  sunk  a  ^hali  tu<:l*.c  feci 
deep  and  have  a  load  ubout  ten  fcf  i  wid''.  Thu  ore 
carries  considerable  galena  and  carbonate  ot  lead 
combined  wilh  silvi-r  and  gold.  I'hey  have  brought 
in  i6  sacks  ot  ore  which  tbcy  wiil  ship  to  the.  Atiby 
smelling  works  to  be  reduced. 

Montezuma  District. 
ToResUMkWokk.— Walker  lake />'»//«■//»,  June 
4:  Uo  Friday  last  two  Eisiern  mining  men,  Messrs. 
V'or bees  and  B.rixter,  p:u>sed  through  Hawthorne  en 
route  tu  MoQtezuma,  an  old  mining  camp  in  the 
southf-rn  portion  of  this  couniy.  In  the  early  days 
the  mines  ol  Montezuma  district  yielded  rich  though 
rebellious  ore,  but  owing  to  the  great  cost  of  irans- 
poriation  and  the  primitive  manner  of  mining  and 
milling  then  in  vogue,  woik  was  di-tcontinued.  The 
piopf-rly  has  no«  fallen  into  the  hands  of  energetic 
Eastern  nitn,  and  if  Messrs.  liaxter  and  Vorhees 
report  fuvoratily,  work  w|ll  bt!  resumed  at  once. 
These  gentlemen  were  favorably  impressed  wilh 
Hawthorne  as  the  site  for  smelling  lurnices,  and 
promise  on  their  return  to  devote  several  days  to  an 
examination  of  our  mines. 

Osceola  District. 
Gold  Placers.— Nevada  Transcript,  June  7: 
The  big  ditch  at  the  Osceola  placers,  at  the  base  of 
Jeff  Davis  peak.  Ea?tern  Nevada,  the  construction  of 
which  Janus  Marriott,  formerly  of  North  Bloomfield. 
has  been  superintending,  is  completed.  It  brings 
an  inimen'-e  supply  ol  water  for  hydraulic  mining. 
There  is  a  great  tieid  that  will  not  be  washed  out 
in  30  years.  It  is  not  only  rich  in  hne  gold,  but 
also  in  huge  nuggets.  A  ma^s  of  gold  worth  several 
thousand  dollars  was  taken  out  ot  the  p'acers  years 
ago,  when  some  work  was  done  on  a  small  scale. 
The  parlies  who  now  have  the  mine  are  going  to 
work  with  the  best  of  apparatus,  and  will  use  electric 
lights  in  order  to  run  day  and  night. 

ARIZONA. 

Mill  Running.— Tombstone  Prospeclor,  June,6: 
The  Sterling  silver  mill  is  running  a  hundred  tons  of 
ore  from  the  Bunker  Hill  mine.  This  company  is 
purchasing  some  ore  also  on  the  outside  and  paying 
cash  for  it. 

ToMn.vroNE.— /'roj/frj'cr,  June  7:  The  State  of 
Maine  is  shipping  ai  ruj^uliir  intervals  and  keep?  the 
same  force  of  men  at  work.  At  the  Uncle  Sam  the 
north  extension' of  the  Slate  of  Maine  ledge  is  be- 
ing opened  up  in  good  shape.  The  Randolph 
shipped  a  carload  of  ore  last  week  and  is  still  taking 
out  ore  from  the  same  streak.  The  Diamond  Hitch 
is  being  worked  by  two  parties  of  chloriders  who 
must  be  doing  well  as  they  bought  a  new  whim  and 
put  It  in  place  last  week.  1  he  Sterling  Silver  Mill 
is  running  steady  on  ore  irom  the  Turquois  and 
Bunker  Hill  mines.  The  T.  M.  &  M.  Co.  are 
steadily  working  on  four  of  their  properties  and 
making  regular  shipments  of  about  300  tons  per 
month.  They  have  any  amount  of  mining  ground 
that  has  never  been  explored  yet,  but  the  company 
is  prospecting  it  as  fast  as  the  output  of  the  mines 
will  pay  lor  doing  it.  In  the  Lucky  Cuss  they 
reached  water  level  in  a  winze  from  the  5th  level 
where  they  found  that  they  can  sink  their  main 
shaft  85  feet  turiher  before  reaching  water,  and 
which  they  intend  to  do  soon.  At  the  Northwest 
small  feeders  of  ore  are  followed  with  the  expecta- 
tion of  finding  the  continuation  of  the  rich  old  ore 
chimneys. 

QUICKSILVER. —/(;«r«(7/-^/7/£r,  June  3:  The 
editor  of  the  Journal-Miner  rtcently  paid  a  visit 
to  Copper  Basiii,  in  company  with  H.  A.  Owens,  a 
miner  of  many  years  experience,  to  look  at  the  cin- 
nabar claims  of  Mr.  McNary  and  son.  They  have, 
in  all.  13  claims  located,  and  have  done  a  httle  pros- 
pecting on  the  surface  of  several  of  them.  One 
shall  is  down  to  a  depth  of  30  feet,  and  shows  ore 
all  this  distance,  while  croppings  can  be  seen  cover- 
ing Ihe  hills  for  a  mile  or  so  in  extent.  The  locitors 
of  these  claims  are  poor  and  are  in  no  condition 
financi^lly  to  prospect  the  property,  but  the  showing 
made  by  ihe  work  they  have  already  done  is  certainly 
of  an  encouraging  nature  and  would  justify  a^mining 
company  to  expend  a  considerable  amount  of  mon- 
ey in  developing  the  property.  Both  of  the  visitors 
mentioned  above  were  surprised  at  the  apparent 
richness  of  the  prospects.  The  ore  taken  just  as  it 
comes  from  the  mine  gives  a  percentage  lar  above 
that  required  to  piy  expenses.  Mr.  McNary  and 
his  son  have  a  bottle  of  pretty  nearly  pure  quicksil- 
ver, which  they  obtained  from  the  rock  in  the  most 
primitive  method  by  means  of  heating  in  an  ,or- 
dinary  metal  quicksilver  flask,  with  a  pipe  screwed 
into  the  top  ol  it,  the  pipe  leading  into  a  vessel  con- 
taining water,  where  the  quicksilver  fumes  were  con- 
densed and  c-iught.  The  opening  up  of  this  proper- 
ty, should  it  hold  out  on  development  as  well  as  in- 
dicated by  surface  croppings,  would  certainly  be  the 
means  of  making  one  of  thela-gest  mining  camps  in 
Arizona.  The  claims  are  located  within  12  or  13 
miles  of  Prescott.  Water  is  in  abundance  within  a 
mile  of  the  c  aims,  while  plenty  of  wood  is  also  con- 
venient, making  the  working  of  the  properly  a  prac- 
ticii  proposition. 

OOIiOilADO. 

Strike  in  Queen's  Guuch.— Aspen  Times, 
June  6:  A  strike  has  been  made  in  the  Dubuque 
tunnel  in  Queen's  gulch  that  gives  promise  of  being 
one  of  the  most  important  that  has  been  recorded 
in  this  district  for  a  long  time.  It  has  been  defi- 
nitely ascertained  that  in  drifting  south  Irom  the 
tunnel  a  streak  of  ore  has  been  opened  up  that  is 
somewhere  from  five  to  eight  feet  thick  and  that 
runs  very  high.  The  Dubuque  tunnel  is  on  a 
group  of  claims  owned  by  the  Castle  Rock  Mining 
Co.,  which  claims  are  under  lease  and  bond  to  a 
party  of  gentlemen  headed  by  ex-President  John 
Scott  of  the  Midland  railroad.  S.  M.  Boyer  is 
manager  for  the  lessees,  and  other  Aspen  gentlemen 
are  interested  in  the  enterprise.  Several  months 
ago  the  tunnel  struck  the  contact  after  having  been 
driven  about  675  feet.  The  contact  looked  well, 
and  it  was  determined  to  drive  another  tunnel  at  a 
point  lower  down  in  order  to  cut  the  lode  some  400 
leet  deeper.  This  second  tunnel  has  been  driven 
noo  feet,  and  it  is  expected  that  it  will  reach  the 
contact  in  about  30  days.  In  the  meantime  some 
drifting  has  been  done  from  the  Dubuque  tunnel, 
and  it  is  in  the  south  drift  that  the  present  strike 
has  been  made.  The  contact  in  which  the  ore  has 
been  found  is  somewhere  from  20  to  30  feet  thick. 
The  ore  was  first  met  with  about  two  weeks  ago 
and  has  been  continually  improving  from  that  time 


to  ^hl^.  Parties  who  have  reci^nlly  vistled  ihe  prop, 
trly  slate  mat  It  is  the  besl  outlook  for  a  big  mine 
thai  they  have  ever  seen.  Assays  from  the  ore 
body  run  all  the  way  from  1000  to  5000  ounces,  and 
the  entire  pay  streak  is  said  to  be  very   high   grade. 

DAKOTA. 

At  the  Calkixjnia.  —  Deadwood  Pionetr. 
June  6:  It  was  reported  late  yesterday  af.ernoon 
that  the  Caledonia  mine  was  ^oodtd  with  water, 
and  that  all  the  men  were  compelled  to  quit  work. 
The  repo't  that  the  mine  was  fijodtd  could  not 
be  verified,  but  it  was  positively  stated  that  the 
men  had  quit  work  on  account  ol  some  unexpected 
occurrence  at  this  mine. 

1-LOAT. — Ihere  is  no  boom  or  gr^ai  excitement 
prevailing  in  oil,  but  slowly  and  very  surely  the 
bg  drill  of  Kilpatrick  Bros.  &  Collins,  of  New- 
caMle,  is  going  down  after  a  flow  of  oil.  and  then 
you  who  have  kerosene,  look  out.  A  miner  in  from 
Hill  City  last  evening  reports  the  gteatest  activity 
in  that  camp.  James  Wilson  is  bonding  mines 
every  d\y  and  is  paying  up  on  those  previously 
bonded.  A  stream  of  money  is  going  out  to  mine 
and  claim  owners  every  day.  He,  our  informant, 
made  a  sale  lo  Mr.  Wilson  of  a  good  mine,  for 
which  he  received,  spot  cash,  $r3,ooo.  He  was 
informed  that  Mr.  Wilson  would  di^bur=e  a  half 
million  dollars  before  he  returned  to  New  York. 


IDAHO. 

Another  Strike  in  the  Red  Eleph.\nt.— 
Wood  River  Times,  June  4:  Another  ore  body  has 
just  been  uncovered  m  the  Red  Elephant,  at  the 
extreme  northwestern  part  of  the  present  woikings, 
in  a  crosscut  run  in  a  westerly  direction  for  the  pur- 
pose of  determining  the  location  ol  an  ore  chute 
cut  by  a  raise  some  time  ago.  The  new  find  is  now 
fully  three  feet  in  width,  of  first-class  ore  carrying  a 
large  amount  of  gray  copper,  and  promises  to  be 
extensive,  as  il  has  already  been  followed  three  or 
fuur  days  and  has  improved  right  along.  The  Red 
Elephant  is  opening  up  splendidly,  and  will  evi- 
dently give  employment  to  a  large  number  of  men 
and  prove  very  profitable  to  its  owners. 

The  Camas  No.  2.— The  $2800  gold  brick 
brought  to  town  yesterday,  and  which  is  the  result 
of  the  cleanups  of  the  last  ten  days'  run  of  the 
Camas  No.  2  mill,  was  sent  to  the  United  States 
Assay  Office  at  Boise  to-day.  It  weighs  aboul  14 
pounds  and  is  worth  about  $15  an  ounce.  This 
gold  was  caught  on  the  plates,  but  it  does  not  con- 
stitute the  whole  yield  of  the  properly  during  the 
time  staled,  as  between  three  and  four  tons  ot  con- 
centrates worth  about  $50  per  ton  were  also  ex- 
tracted from  the  ore  put  through  the  mill  during 
the  same  time.  Reckoning  the  free  gold  and  the 
concentrates  together,  the  yield  of  the  No.  2  during 
the  past  ten  days  therefore  averaged  over  $400  per 
day,  or  at  the  rate  of  about  $150,000  per  annum. 
The  actual  cost  of  operating  the  property  does  not 
exceed  $200  per  day.  This,  while  not  a  very  as- 
tonishing yield  for  a  mine  property,  is  nevertheless 
very  gratifying.  It  is  especially  so  to  those  old- 
time  friends  of  the  gold  belt  who  have  heard  so 
many  so-called  experts  gravely  express  the  opinion 
that  there  was  not  a  claim  upon  it  that  could  ever 
be  made  to  pay. 

New  District.— Idaho  Avalanche,  June  7:  Mr. 
B.  H.  Hyde  of  Oreana  paid  our  town  a  visit  on 
Wednesday.  He  informed  us  that  a  new  mining 
district  had  been  discovered  on  Poison  creek,  but 
just  where  he  did  not  know.  The  lode  found  is 
about  40  feet  wide,  carrying  some  very  rich  silver 
ore.  The  lode  was  discovered  by  a  sheep-herder, 
who  informed  Mr.  H.  W.  Brown  of  Oreana,  when 
the  latter  at  once  went  to  the  lode  and  had  some 
work  performed.  Mr.  Hyde  showed  us  a  piece  of 
the  ore  which  carried  a  good  deal  of  metallic  silver. 
The  lode  lies  between  granite  and  slate.  There  is  great 
excitement  in  the  valley  over  the  discovery,  and  as  a 
result  the  country  in  that  vicinity  will  be  thoroughly 
prospected. 

Harrison.— Ketchum  Keystone,  June  7:  Thom- 
as Popham  of  the  Harrison  mine,  at  Bjyle  mount- 
ain, was  in  town  this  week  having  some  assays  made 
of  samples  of  ore  from  his  mine,  with  the  following 
very  flattering  results:  No.  i  gave  450  ounces  si  I 
ver  and  72.60  per  cent  lead,  and  No,  2,  135  ounces 
silver  and  59.50  per  cent  lead  These  samples  were 
from  ore  taken  62  feet  from  the  surface.  Mr.  Pop- 
ham  says  the  vein  averages  about  2j^  feet  wide,  four 
inches  of  which  is  high-grade  ore.  A  tunnel  has 
been  run  in  on  the  ledge  a  distance  of  184  feet,  which 
will  give  about  84  feet  of  Sloping  ground  from  the 
end  of  the  tunnel.  T.  B.  Keller  returned  from  a 
trip  to  the  Buckskin  mine  last  Tuesday  and  reports 
the  mine  looking  well.  He  says  that  they  have  from 
four  to  seven  feet  of  high-grade  ore,  and  that  in  the 
last  nine  days  four  men  have  taken  out  about  40 
tons  of  ore. 

East  Fork  —Our  informant  says  that  the  mines 
and  mining  matters  in  general  throughout  the  dis- 
trict are  in  a  prosperous  condition.  It  is  expected 
that  the  North  Siar  concentrator  will  siart  up  in  a 
few  diys.     Mr.  Thos.  Rowe  is  foreman. 

MONTANA. 

Anaconda  and  St.  Lawrence.— Butte  Inter- 
Moujitdin.  June  7:  At  the  Anaconda  and  Si.  Law- 
rence progress  on  the  hoisting  of  the  water  from  the 
Mammoth  mines  is  progressing  as  favorably  as  ihe 
condition  of  affairs  at  present  existing  will  permit. 
As  fast  as  the  water  recedes  the  shall  is  placed  in 
serviceable  condition  by  a  force  of  men  especially 
detailed  for  doing  that  particular  work.  The  upper 
drifts  are  now  free  from  water  and  is  also  receiving 
attention  and  is  being  put  in  a  condition  that  will 
allow  of  the  taking  out  of  ore  at  the  company's  ear- 
liest convenience.  Ore  from  those  levels  can  be 
taken  out  while  progress  is  being  made  in  getting 
the  water  out  from  below  that  point.  The  steel 
tanks  continue  to  accumulate  copper  as  they  are 
used  and  when  sufficiently  long  in  use  to  become 
dangerous  they  are  replaced  by  others  that  are  al- 
ways ready  at  hand  and  no  delay  made  in  the  hoist- 
ing. 

New  District.— Butte  Infer-Mountain,  June 
6:  From  Mr.  A,  H.  Hedley,  who  is  just  in  from 
near  Jefferson  Island  on  the  line  of  the  Butte  & 
Gallatin  road,  it  is  learned  that  some  rather  impor- 
tant quartz  discoveries  have  lately  been  brought  to 
notice  in  that  section.  The  district  is  named  Card- 
well,  and  is  situated  in  the  foothills  and  mountains 
three  miles  north  of  Jefferson   Island.     Up  to  this 


tune  somt-  30  or  40  claims  have  been  located,  and 
atihough  the  development  done  is  not  very  exten- 
sive as  yel.  the  showing  made  is  unusually  good. 
The  course  ol  ihe  veins  is  Qorlhwesi  and  souineiist 
and  they  are  generally  slrorg.  One  which  he  is 
at  present  developing  has  a  width  of  between  25 
and  30  feel.  The  locations  thus  far  made  cover  the 
belt  of  mineral  ground  for  a  distance  ol  two  or 
three  miles.  The  formation  is  porphyry.  The 
ore  bodies  thus  (ar  shown  up  do  not  exceed  five  or 
six  feet  in  widih,  but  the  great  masses  of  paying 
float  rock,  which  are  lying  around  in  great  quan- 
tities, indicate  big  ore  bodies.  The  ore  is  g--ner- 
ally  pretty  h  gh  in  grade,  running  from  $40  to  $200 
in  gold  and  silver,  and  carrying  more  or  less  copper 
and  lead.  Mr.  Hedley  has  recently  bonded  to  the 
Meader  syndicate  one  group  of  his  claims  (or  $20.- 
000.  and  trom  the  showing  made  there  is  no  doubt 
of  the  bond  being  taken  up.  The  outlook  is  very 
promising  for  a  prosperous  district. 

The  Drum  Lummon.— JZ/n/no-  Journai.  June 
6:  The  report  has  gained  currency  ihe  past  week, 
though  from  what  source  is  not  known,  that  the 
Drum  Lummon  has  of  late  materially  reduced  its 
force  at  the  mine.  A  careful  inquiry  refutes  the 
rumor.  Instead  of  curtailing  its  operations  the 
Moniana  Co.  is  making  preparations  to  extend 
them.  A  mammoth  pump  has  been  ordered  from 
England  and  work  will  begin  directly  on  a  shaft 
which  will  be  sunk  to  a  much  greater  depth  than 
the  present  workings.  The  company's  last  semi- 
annual report  predicted  a  season  of  great  prosperity 
for  the  mine — a  prediction  well  founded,  if  one  may 
judge  from  the  confidence  now  expressed  by  those 
most  competent  to  judge. 

The  Lion.— AWi/  Nort/mest,  June  6;  The  com- 
pany put  in  its  new  puuipand  got  it  lo  work  on  the 
28ih  of  last  month,  and  it  works  like  a  charm.  On 
the  morning  of  the  29th  the  company  commenced 
sinking,  and  have  been  going  downward  as  fast  as 
three  shilts  constantly  at  work  could  go  through  the 
ground. 

The  McDermott.— The  McDermott  Co.  has 
had  two  assays  made  from  600  sacks  of  ore  now 
ready  for  shipmenL  Assay  No.  i  went  $23.56  cop- 
per, $31  gold  and  $7  silver;  total,  $61.56.  Assay  No. 
2  wet.t  $7.59  copper,  $18.60  gold  and  $5  silver;  total, 
$31. 19.  Two  hundred  additional  sacks  wil  at  once 
be  filled,  and  next  week  a  shipment  ol  800  sacks 
will  be  made. 

The  Dunkelberg  District. — Both  the  Forest 
Rose  and  Hatiie  are  looking  well.  Seven  carloads 
of  ore  were  shipped  last  week  from  the  Forest  Rose, 
the  result  of  the  work  for  May.  The  Haitie  has 
several  hundred  sacks  of  ore  and  is  now  hauling  to 
the  Mitchell  &  Mussigbrod  spur  at  the  railroad, 
preparatory  to  shipmenL 

Mining  Notes. — Following  were  the  shipments 
of  bullion  from  the  Butte  mines  for  the  week  ending 
May  31;  Butte  &  Boston,  i6  bars,  estimated  value, 
$25,840;  Lexington,  16  bars,  $31,792;  Moultoo,  6 
bars,  $9456;  Clark  Brothers,  3  bars,  $2320;  total,  41 
bars,  $69,408.  Last  week's  shipment  irom  the  Bi- 
Metaliic,  26,544  ounces,  was  the  largest  ever  made 
Irom  that  mine.  The  output  of  the  Bi-Metallic  has 
been  increasing  for  several  weeks,  and  the  appear- 
ance of  the  property  is  said  to  be  improving  at  every 
point.  The  output  of  the  Granite  Mountain  for  the 
week  ending  May  29  was  49  birs  of  bullion,  con- 
taining 72,435  ounces  fine  silver  and  149  ounces  fine 
gold. 

NEW  MEXICO. 

Developments. — Silver  City  Enicrprise,  June 
6:  A  shipment  ol  $600  in  bullion  was  made  from 
the  Atlantic  last  week.  New  triple-plated  electro- 
plates have  been  ordered  for  the  Pacific  mill.  M. 
C.  Jay  of  Georgetown  returned  Tuesday  from  So- 
corro. The  car  of  ore  which  he  took  to  Socorro  re- 
turned $3683.  Two  and  a  half  tons  of  gold  ore 
from  the  St.  Helena  of  Central  yielded  $138  through 
the  arastra  treatment  Considerable  fine  gold  was 
carried  in  the  tails.  The  output  ol  the  Graphic 
mine  in  Cook's  Peak  district,  during  the  month  of 
April,  is  reported  to  have  netted  $12,000  above 
transporlalion  and  reduction.  The  Enterprise  is 
reliably  informed  that  Geo.  W.  Eustice  did  not  ship 
any  of  the  machinery  from  the  Carlisle  Co.'s  prop- 
erty except  the  plates,  which  were  sold  in  San  Fian- 
cisco.  W.  H,  Loomis  of  Lone  Mountain  made  a 
rich  strike  on  the  west  slope  of  Lone  Mountain. 
The  cl^im  is  called  the  Good  Luck.  The  vein  is 
seven  to  eight  feet  in  width,  the  whole  of  which  as- 
says from  10  to  15  ounces  in  silver,  while  a  rich 
streak  of  from  three  to  four  inches  runs  2178 
ounces.  Wm.  Bealt  has  purchased  an  interest  in 
the  property  Irom  Mr.  Loomis,  and  has  leased  and 
bonded  the  remaining  interest.  He  is  now  working 
the  property  and  taking  out  good  ore. 

WASHINGTON. 

Ledge  Matter.— Okanogan  Outlook,  June  3: 
A  powtriul  sleam  hoist  has  been  purchased  by  the 
Arlington  Co.  to  be  used  in  working  their  mine. 
The  hoisting  machinery  and  a  large  quantity  of  sup- 
phes  arrived  this  week  for  the  Fourth  of  July  mine. 
August  Leiber  and  Andy  O'Maily  are  taking  some 
fine-looking  rock  out  of  the  Eureka  mine  in  the 
Lime  B^t.  The  Lady  of  the  Like  is  looming  up  in 
great  shape.  Out  of  an  iS-foot  bole  they  have 
taken  about  20  tons  of  high-grade  ore.  The  Lone 
Star  Co.  will  ship  50  tons  ol  ore  to  the  Tacoma 
smelter  for  treatment  as  soon  as  it  starts  up,  which 
will  be  in  about  a  month.  It  is  reported  by  good 
responsible  parties  that  T.  L.  Nixon  of  Tacoma 
has  bonded  the  La  Euna  mine  to  Eastern  parlies 
for  $75,000.  The  Ailington  Co.  have  stoned  to 
sink  300  feet  deeper  on  the  ledge,  which  will  give 
them  a  dfpih  of  500  feel.  They  will  also  drift  from 
the  different  levels  as  they  go  down.  This  work 
will  take  about  a  year,  but  by  the  time  the  mill  is 
completed  the  mine  will  be  in  shape  to  put  out  ore 
at  the  rate  of  75  or  100  tons  per  day.  Allen  C. 
Mason  of  the  Lone  Star  returned  to  Tacoma  the 
first  of  the  week.  During  his  stay  in  camp  Mr. 
Mason  visited  all  the  principal  mines  in  the  Con- 
conuUy  and  Ruby  districts,  including  the  Arling- 
ton. Fouith  of  July  and  First  Thought  on  Ruby 
Hill,  and  declares  that  the  Lone  Star  will  not  take 
second  place  with  any  of  them.  This  visit  has  only 
strengthened  his  conviction  that  the  Lone  Star  is  a 
bonanza,  and  no  expense  will  be  spared  in  the  open- 
ing up  of  the  mine,  which  will  be  developed  to  the 
fullest  extent.  The  main  shaft  will  be  sunk  100  feet 
deeper,  and  drifting  from  the  different  levels  will  be 
continued  during  the  summer. 


List  of  D.  S.  Patents  for  Pacific  Coast 
Inventors. 

Reported  by  Dewey  &  Co..  Pioneer  Patent 
Solicitors  for  PaclQo  Coast. 

KOR  week  KKIHNGJUNK3,  '890. 

429,410.- Caki'et-Fastenek- P.  Beamish,  S.  F. 

429,307.— Toukists'  Heau-Rest— H.  A.  Bond, 
Los  Angeles,  Cal. 

429374— Svringe-A.  E.  Charlesworth,  Seattle. 
Wash. 

429.510.— Bo.x.FA.STENEk— Davy  &  Dufau.  S.  F. 
.,  429.'3t-  —  Wavk  Force-Pump  —  Day  &  Cole, 

429.191.— Sand  Box  for  Water  Conduits— 
C.  N.  Earl,  Los  Angelef,  Cal. 

429,209.  —  Fruit  Fitter  —  Elklns  &  Foreman. 
Bidwell's  Bar,  Cal. 

429  378.  —  Clothes.  Drier  —  B.  F.  Fuller,  Mc- 
Minnville,  Or. 

429  242— Portable  Windlass— J.  I.  Kiokead, 

S.  F. 

429,216.— Railway  Car— Joel  B.  Low,  S.  F. 

429,362.- Snai'  Hook— Nels  Nelson.  Aberdren, 
Wash. 

429.245.- Axle-Set—  W.  F.  Nightingale,  La- 
trobe.  Cdl. 

429.220.— Draih- and  Land-Gage  for  Plows 
— O.  T.  Owens,  S    F. 

429.152.—  Diphtheria  Remedy  —  Lucinda  M. 
Pierson,  Goleta,  Cal. 

429,550.— Clothes-Pin— Mary  E.  Thrall,  River- 
side, Cal. 

429.489.— Can-Head  Cutter— A.  S.  Wadleigh. 

19.874.— Design— H.  J.  Crocker,  S.  F. 

The  lollowiog  brief  list  by  telegraph,  for  June  10,  will 
appear  more  complete  on  receipt  of  m»il  advices: 

Cal i lor Di a— Antlers  G.  Anileraon,  Weet  Oakland,  ten- 
sion device  for  belt-*;  Charles  Clemeiita  Kropp.  3.  F., 
musical  notation;  John  P.  Culver,  Lea  Angeles,  pipe- 
leader;  E.  Fish,  Los  Aoyeles,  steam  and  gas  generator; 
Melville  1>.  Hemeowaj,  S.  F.,  BhaitlDir  hanger;  Edward 
C.  Loltua  and  E.  H.  Booth,  8.  F..  ore-feeder;  R.  N.  Dale- 
do  Palz,  Alameda,  calendar;  Houghton  Sawyer,  S.F.. 
apt'aratus  tor  aging^  winps.  Oregon— William  L  Gilaoo, 
McMinoviile,  grain-Bcparafor;  Char.ea  W.  Ttemain, 
Portland,  aaaignor  to  a  prospective  mining  and  machin- 
ery comp»ny  of  Oregon,  amalgamator;  Giles  W.  Weiler, 
Baker  City,  oie  crueher.  Washington— Charles  N.  Hen- 
fihliff  and  H.  E-  Hall,  Spangle,  header-brake;  Nathan  A. 
Whealer,  Alpowa,  wagon-brake. 

NOTB.— Copies  of  0.  S.  and  Foreign  patents  furnished 
by  Dewey  &  Co..  in  the  shortest  time  possible  (by  mall 
or  telegraphic  order).  American  and  Foreign  patenta 
obtained,  and  general  patent  business  (or  Pacifio  Coast 
Inventors  transacted  with  perfect  security,  at  reasonable 
rates,  and  in  the  shortest  possible  time. 


Notices  of  Recent  Patents. 

Among  the  patentB  recently  obtained  through 
Dewey  &  Co. 'a  Scientific  Pbess  U.  S.  and 
Foreign  Patent  Agency,  the  following  are 
worthy  of  special  mention: 

Draft  and  Land  Gage  foe  Plows. — Owen 
T.  Owenp,  assignor  to  the  Banioia  Agricultaral 
Works.  No.  429,220.  Dated  Jane  3,  1890. 
This  draft  and  land  gage  for  plows  consists  of 
a  draft  bar  having  its  rear  end  swiveled  to  a 
depending  yoke  beneath  the  beams  to  which 
the  plows  are  attached,  a  guide  through  which 
the  front  end  of  the  draft-bar  passes  and  with- 
in which  it  is  allowed  a  vertical  movement, 
horizontal  transverse  guide-bars  upon  which 
this  gniding  yoke  travels  from  side  to  side,  a 
lever  by  which  it  is  adjnsted,  and  a  holding- 
rack  and  the  means  for  altering  the  points  of 
attachment  of  the  rear  end  ol  the  draft-bar. 
By  mGaos  of  these  adjastmentB  and  the  free 
vertical  movement  allowed  to  the  draft-bar 
within  the  yoke,  the  work  is  very  much  im- 
proved and  the  draft  npon  the  horses  is  made 
very  much  lighter. 

Railway  Oar.— Joel  B.  Low,  S.  F.  No. 
429,216.  Dated  June  3,  1890.  This  is  a  oar 
for  steam  and  street  railway?,  tfaongh  especial- 
ly for  the  ordinary  railways  of  cities  and 
towns.  The  Invention  consists  in  ihe  novel 
oonstruotion  and  arrangement  of  the  seats, 
sashes  and  sides  of  the  car,  the  object  of  which 
is  to  enable  and  facilitate  the  ready  and  easy 
conversion  of  the  car  from  a  closed  to  an  open 
oir,  and  vice  versa,  thereby  adapting  the  same 
or  for  use  in  all  kinds  of  weather.  Cars  of 
this  style  have  been  put  in  use  on  the  Post- 
street  line  of  cable  railway  in  this  city  and 
found  to  be  very  successful,  answering  the 
purpose  in  every  particular.  The  change  from 
open  to  closed  or  closed  to  open  can  be  made 
very  quickly  and  while  the  car  is  in  motion. 

Portable  Windlass. — James  I.  Kinkead,  S. 
F.  No.  429,242.  Dited  June  3,  1890.  This 
is  a  device  which  the  inventor  calls  a  portable 
windlasp,  which  is  designed  to  take  the  place 
of  blocks  and  tackle  and  which  may  be  used  for 
the  application  of  power  to  move  loads.  It  con- 
sists of  a  light  frame  of  iron,  steel  or  other 
metal  having  the  windlass  shaft  j  inrnaled  across 
it  near  the  center,  with  suitablu  crank  attach- 
ments and  guides  formed  integral  with  the 
frame,  through  which  the  rope  passes,  together 
with  swivel  attachments  for  anchoring  ropes  or 
chains,  and  certain  details  of  construction. 
This  windlass  may  be  carried  from  place  to 
plaoe  in  the  hand  In  the  same  manner  as  the 
olock  and  tackle,  the  device  being  easily  fixed 
and  applied  for  the  purpose  of  transmitting 
power, 

Axle-Set.  —  Willard  F,  Nightingale,  La- 
trobe.  El  Dorado  county.  No.  429  245.  Dated 
June  3.  1S90.  The  object  of  this  invention  is 
to  provide  a  simple  and  readily  operated  tool 
or  implement  of  this  class  which  will  accurate- 
ly determine  the  set  and  gather  of  the  axle- 
spindle. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[June  U,  1890 


II]ECHAjMieAL  Progress. 


A  German  Substitute  for  Scotcli  Pig. 

Mr.  Jaengat  haB  conducted  a  aeriee  of  experi- 
ments in  the  Gleiwi'zer  foundry  in  Upper 
Silesia,  mainly  with  a  view  to  produce  a  cheap 
material  and  thus  emancipate  the  continental 
fnundrieB  from  their  present  dependence  on 
Eaglish  and  Scotch  iron.  The  Scotch  pig  owea, 
according  to  Gautier,  its  prominent  qualities 
exclusively  to  its  richness  in  silicon.  He 
farther  maintains  that  the  superfluous  graphite 
in  gray  pig  produced  at  a  high  temperature  is 
eliminated  by  adding  ferro>silicoD  to  the  latter, 
and  that  gray  pig  obtained  by  adding  silicon  to 
white  pig  becomes  denser  and  more  home- 
geneouB  than  natural  gray  iron  la  consequence 
of  the  elimination  of  graphite.  Silicon  decar- 
bonizes iron  that  oontalns  manganese  with 
greater  difficulty  than  iron  free  from  manga- 
nese; sulphur  iDfliiences  but  little  the  forma- 
tion of  graphite,  but  opposes  somewhat  the  de- 
carburiziog  property  of  silicon. 

Mr.  Jaengst  found  the  statementa  of  Turner, 
Lebedur,  Wood  and  Gautier  relating  to  the 
effect  of  silicon  on  cast  iron  to  be  generally 
correct.  His  experiments  show  that  silicon 
adds  to  the  density  and  strength  of  cast  iron, 
and  that  ferro-silicoQ  can  be  applied  with  ad- 
vantage and  without  diffisulty  whenever  the 
chemical  composition  of  the  material  is  approx- 
imately known.  The  suitable  texture  of  the 
material  can  be  obtained  by  rem^lting  gray  pig 
or  by  adding  ferro-silicon.  The  G3rman  prooees 
of  fusing  together  gray  irons  in  order  to  pro- 
duce castinga  of  great  strength  is  thus  proved 
to  be  incorrect,  although  at  the  present  high 
price  of  ferro-silicon  it  is  still  advantageous  to 
employ  gray  pig  iron  for  casting  of  only  ordi- 
nary quality. 

Aa  to  the  most  econcmical  quantity  of  silicon 
In  the  ferro  mangane'P,  10  3S  per  cent  proved 
to  be  the  best;  at  5  32  per  cent  the  strength 
waa  great,  but  the  product  in  other  respeota 
rather  poor,  probably  because  the  necessary 
quantity  of  free  silicon  necessitated  the  pres- 
ence of  a  great  deal  of  manganese  in  the  ferro- 
allicon. 

Manganese  and  phoaphorua  up  to  one  per 
cent,  and  sulphur  up  to  0,16  per  c^nt-,  had  no 
injurioua  eff  ct. — Berg  <L-  Butttnw.  Ztg, 

The  History  of  Compodnd  Locomotives 
dates  back  co  1852,  when  two  were  built  in 
England.  The  firet  American  engine  of  thie 
type  waa  built  by  the  Remingtons,  at  Ilion,  N. 
Y.',  in  1870,  for  the  Worcester  &  Shrewsbury 
Biilroad  Company.  At  the  present  time  there 
are  several  hundred  running  iu  different  parts 
of  the  world,  mostly  in  Earope,  The  higher 
the  pressure  is  raised,  the  more  cffinent  steam 
will  be,  but  200  lbs.  gauge  pressure  per  iqaare 
inch  18  about  as  far  aa  is  desirable  to  go,  oa  ac- 
count of  the  high  temperature.  Recent  experi 
raents  with  high-clasa  modern  locomotive 
boilers  g^ve  evaporative  rates,  from  anri  at  212° 
Fah,,  of  5  68  lbs.  with  anthracite,  and  7  2  with 
bituminous  coal.  Anthracite  is  far  leas  tt&jient 
aa  a  fuel  than  bituminous  coal  and  should 
only  be  used  for  special  reasons.  Compound 
locomotive  engines  have  shown  good  re- 
sults in  overcoming  cylinder  condensation — 
much  better  than  either  steam  j  icketing  or 
Buper-heating.  "Such  result,"  said  W.  F. 
Dixon,  when  speaking  of  the  efficiency  of  loco- 
motives at  the  recent  Cincinnati  meeting  of 
Mechanical  Eugineers,  "ia  uaually  attributed 
to  reducing  the  range  of  temperature  per  cylin- 
der. AUbough  this  is  probably  true  of  slow, 
working  enginea,  it  is  hard  to  see  why  it  should 
be  of  fast-working,  as  indicator  cards  from  or- 
dinary single  expansion  express  engines  show 
very  slight  evidence  of  cylinder  condensation. 
If  the  high  pressures  which  have  almost  always 
gone  with  compounding  cannot  be  held  account- 
able for  resulting  economy,  it  is  likely  that  the 
solution  may  be  found  in  the  fact  that  com- 
pounding makes  high  degrees  of  expansion  im- 
perative." 

Making  a  Stone  Drill  — A  correspondent 
of  the  Blacksmith  and  Wheelwright  gives  the 
following  suggeatione,  drawn  from  his  experi* 
ence,  which  should  be  followed  in  making, 
turning  and  sharpsning  a  stone  drill:  First, 
in  making  a  drill  do  not  draw  down  the  steel, 
but  cut  tif  each  side  and  then  upset  back  to 
widen  the  bit,  making  strong  or  light  to  suit 
the  hardness  or  softness  of  the  stone  to  be 
drilled.  ]Sext  place  the  drill  in  the  vise  and 
trim  off,  then  lay  it  down  until  cool,  and  then 
61e  and  temper.  Draw  the  temper  twice  to  a 
deep  blue  and  you  will  then  have  a  tool  that 
will  drill  without  cornering  a  hole,  and  one 
that  will  also  stand  much  better  than  an  ordi- 
nary drill. 

Something  New  in  Regard  to  Steam. — 
Mr.  F.  G,  Fowler  of  Bridgeport,  Conn.,  recent- 
ly addresiied  a  society  of  engineers  in  that 
place  respecting  an  alleged  discovery  in  regard 
to  steam,  which  he  thinks  may  prove  of  vast 
importance.  He  showed  how  under  certain 
oonditions  and  circumstances  the  pressure  of 
steam  in  a  boiler  can  be  doubled  instantly, 
without  additional  heat;  a  fact  which  may  pos- 
sibly account  for  the  many  mysterious  boiler 
explosions  that  are  of  so  frrquent  occurrence. 
The  combinations  used  in  the  experimects  were 
produced  by  Mr.  Fabler,  but  the  same  condi- 
tions are  liable  to  occur  without  hnman  assist 
^nce,  and  In  such  a  case  an  explosion  is  almost 
certain,  aa  the  experiments  proved.  The  con- 
ditions, it  is  atated,  were  the  result  of  combin- 


ing gases  with  the  water  in  the  boiler.  These 
gases  are  of  no  benefit,  bat  rather  a  detrimenf', 
bat  still  they  exist  and  occasionally  make  their 
presence  known  in  a  dieastroua  explosion.  The 
removal  of  these  gases,  it  was  shown,  would  re- 
move the  cause  of  explosions.  There  appeared 
to  be  good  evidence  shown  that  a  great  discov- 
ery baa  been  made,  which  if  successfully  devel- 
oped will  prove  of  immense  value  in  steam  en- 
gineering. His  claims  were  demonstrated  by  a 
small  boiler  in  which  the  pressure  was  raised  to 
40  pounds,  and  after  being  removed  from  the 
fire  Bnddenly  thrown  to  80  pounds. 

Ikceeasing  the  Speed  of  Locomotives  — 
An  interesting  lecture  was  recently  delivered 
by  an  engineer,  Mr.  Geitel,  before  the  Barlln 
Polytechnic  Society  upon  the  demands  made  in 
our  time  upon  locomotive  builders.  Locomo- 
tives are  required  which  will  cover  90  kilo- 
meters in  an  hour.  This  speed  coald  he  ob- 
tained by  increasing  the  siz<38  of  the  cylinders, 
boiler  and  axles.  Bat  the  engineer  is  forced  to 
keep  the  locomotive  within  certain  prescribed 
limits;  the  normal  hight  is  4.8  meters,  A  fur- 
ther restriction .  is  formed  by  the  maximum 
weight  fixed  by  the  police.  Another  difficulty 
consists  in  the  task  of  bringing  the  size  of  the 
boiler  and  cylinder  into  accord.  The  new  means 
of  increasing  the  working  capacity  of  the  locomo- 
tive consists  in  the  steam  which  drives  the  loco- 
motive being  utilized  to  the  atmoat  possible 
extent  by  allowing  it  to  again  perform  its  work 
in  a  high-preBBure  oylinder.  High  and  low 
pressure  cylinders  have  for  some  time  been  em. 
ployed  in  marine  enginea,  and  they  are  also 
coming  more  and  more  into  use  for  locomotivea. 
Forty-nine  were  so  fitted  last  year,  and  thia 
year  the  number  has  already  reached  S7.  Al- 
though the  cost  of  locomotives  with  the  two 
aorta  of  cylinders  is  greater,  a  compensation  ia 
found  in  the  more  economical  consumption  of 
steam,  the  saving  in  coal  being  equal  to  about 
20  per  cent,  A  further  advantage  is  afPirded  by 
their  increased    working  capacity. — Kuhlow'a. 


TwE  New  ^Iethod  of  manufacturing  articles 
from  copper  by  electrical  deposition  seema  to 
be  attracting  much  attention,  especially  in 
Eagland,  where  the  idea  originated.  The  proc- 
eaa  is  considered  by  some  as  second  only  to  the 
Bessemer  process.  There  seems  to  be  practi- 
cally no  limit  to  its  application.  Ltrge  tubes, 
vatF,  cylinderp,  and  the  like  can  be  made  direct 
from  rough  copper  far  cheaper  than  by  any 
other  process.  The  electrical  conductivity  of 
the  annealed  copper  is  greater  by  4^  per  cent 
than  that  of  the  best  commercial  copper;  and 
the  copper  can  be  varied  in  teoBile  strength 
and  dnctility  according  to  the  requirements. 
The  process  is  not  confiued  to  copper.  It  ia 
equally  applicable  to  nickel,  silver  or  gold.  A 
sliver-plater  in  St.  L:)ui8  recently  placed  a 
fresh  egg  in  his  silver  bath.  The  result  was  a 
delicate  work  of  art — a  silver  egg.  After  hav- 
ing the  egg  in  his  possession  over  a  year,  he 
broke  it  and  was  much  surpriaed  to  find  it  as 
freah  as  when  first  laid.  Here  was  a  new  dis- 
covery, and  aubacquent  discoveries  lad  to  the 
fact  that  many  perishable  substauceF,  suoh  as 
freah  and  cooked  meats,  from  which  the  blood 
had  been  expelled,  cheeae,  the  most  perishable 
fruits,  such  as  bananas,  psache^,  grapes,  etc., 
could  be  preserved  indefinitely  by  this  mechan- 
ical process.  He  asserts  that  the  process  may 
even  be  saccessfuUy  applied  to  embalming. 

Can  Iron  Be  Tempered? — It  has  been  the 
general  opinion  always,  we  believe,  among 
blackamitba  that  Iron  couM  not  be  tempered. 
Mr.  E.  K.  Wehry  of  Lost  NitioD,  Iowa,  claims 
tbat  it  can  be  tempered,  and  he  has  sent  us  a 
piece  of  a  horseshoe  which  goes  to  prove  the 
truth  of  his  asBertion.  He  says  in  a  letter  to 
us  on  the  aubjsct:  "You  will  see  that  I  claim 
iron  can  be  tempered  or  hardened  so  that  a 
new  file  cannot  touch  it.  To  prove  what  I 
claim,  I  send  you  by  to-day's  mail  a  sample  of 
a  heel  of  an  old  horseshoe  tempered  in  the  same 
manner  that  I  temper  all  the  new  shoes  that  I 
set.  Yon  will  see  that  at  last  a  way  has  been 
discovered  to  harden  iron  auccesBfuUy.  Al- 
though thousands  of  blacksmiths  will  tell  you 
that  it  cannot  be  tempered  or  hardened,  I  am 
willing  to  put  up  S50  that  I  can  temper  any 
kind  of  iron  with  fire  and  water  alone,  no  drugs 
of  any  kind  to  bs  used."  This  opens  up  a  very 
interesting  question  for  the  consideration  of 
our  readerf,  and  we  ahoald  like  to  have  a  gen- 
eral expreasion  of  opinion  from  them  on  the 
novel  subjact  of  tempering  iron.  We  shall 
hope  to  print  in  our  next  issue  the  v'e"-R  of 
quite  a  number  of  onr  readers. — B.  d-  W. 

Tempering  Copper— An  Interesting  Fact. 
C.  S.  Griffi  a  writes  as  foilows  to  the  Belfast 
Journal :  I  have  recently  learned  a  fact  that 
may,  if  generally  known,  lead  to  the  temper- 
ing copper.  A  man  at  work  on  the  telegraph 
wires  here  had  hold  of  a  copper  wire  with  nip- 
pers  on  one  line  trying  to  make  a  short  circuit, 
when  the  handle  of  his  nippers  touched  the 
copper  wire,  and  instantly  a  piece  of  his  nip- 
pers was  melted  off  and  a  piece  of  copper  had 
formed  on  the  point  of  the  nippers,  and  on  try- 
ing to  file  off  this  copper  he  found  it  was  tem- 
pered to  such  a  hardness  that  the  file  would  not 
cut  it.  My  brother,  S.  C.  Griffin,  tried  to  file 
it  to  make  sure  that  it  waa  really  tempered. 
The  ancients  knew  how  to  temper  copper,  but 
no  modern  genius  has  been  able  to  temper  it, 
Aa  copper  is  a  finer  metal  than  iron,  if  it  could 
only  be  tempered,  it  would  make  edge  tools 
vastly  superior  to  anything  we  now  have,  hence 
the  importance  of  the  discovery  if  once  made 
practical, 


SeiENTiFie  Pr.o(bress. 


Prehistoric  America. 

Pfof .  F.  W,  Fatnam  recently  read  a  paper 
before  the  Arcbse:)logical  Association  of  the 
University  of  Pennsylvania.  After  congratu- 
lating the  association  upon  bavmg  secared  the 
Bervices  of  such  a  competent  arobse^logist  as 
Dr.  Abbott,  once  his  assistant  at  Cambridge, 
he  said:  ** Surface-found  collections  are  of  in- 
terest, but  they  do  not  give  the  history  of  a 
people  as  does  the  excavation  of  a  burial-plaoe 
or  a  village  site,  and  it  is  to  be  hoped  that  the 
new  mnseum  will  devote  itself  to  such  explora- 
tions. Collections  have  already  been  made 
that  show  aa  much  as  can  ever  be  hoped  for 
from  mere  collecting.  We  should  not  only  try 
to  bring  specimens  together,  but  endeavor  to 
find  out  who  the  people  werf,  the  direction  of 
their  migrations,  and  whetber  those  of  the 
North  and  the  Sjnth  were  the  same." 

Prof.  Fatnam  then  declared  his  belief  that 
the  American  Indian  waa  the  resultant  of  a 
mixture  of  races.  "Two  well-defined  groups 
of  races  are  found  in  Amerloa,  They  have  en- 
tirely diffarent  shaped  skulls.  One  group 
starts  in  Mexico  and  extends  to  Pern.  They 
are  a  short-headed  people.  They  extended 
across  from  Maxico  along  the  Gulf  coast,  up 
the  Miaaiaaippi  valley  and  along  the  southern 
portion  of  the  Atlantic  Coast,  not  crossing  the 
Alleghanies  or  found  north  of  the  G-eat  Likea. 
They  were  the  people  that  built  the  mounds 
and  founded  the  civilizations  of  Mexico  and 
Peru. 

"The  oVJBcts  exhibited  from  Wisconsin  were 
made  by  another  stock,  a  long-headed  people 
who  inhabited  the  northern  part  of  the  coun- 
try. These  two  races  have  met  and  intermin- 
gler?,  and  the  result  Is  the  American  Indian." 

Prof.  Fatnam  exhibitea  a  series  of  pboto- 
grsphs  of  copper  ornaments  found  in  a  mound 
in  Ohio.  These  objactf,  which  number  many 
thonsandp,  had  been  thrown  in  a  kind  of 
fireplace  about  four  feet  Equare,  where  they 
were  found.  Notable  among  the  ornaments 
were  square  plates  of  hammered  copper,  per- 
forated with  holes,  and  a  large  number  of  ear* 
ringF,  many  of  which  were  covered  with  thin 
sheets  of  silver  and  some  with  gold.  A  single 
ax  was  the  only  implement  found.  The  exist- 
ence of  ornaments  and  the  absence  of  imple- 
ments ia  important  in  associating  the  old  race 
of  Ohio  with  the  people  of  Mexico  and  Para. 
Ydry  few  ornaments  are  discovered  among  the 
copper  objects  made  by  the  northern  stock. 
Not  the  slightest  trace  of  smelting,  however,  is 
to  be  found,  the  metal  obj  sets  found  In  the 
monnds,  even  galena,  being  cut  in  ornaments 
and  not  smelted. 

Facts  bearing  upon  the  prehistoric  condition 
of  America  are  rapidly  accumulating,  some  of 
which  go  to  prove  an  antiquity  of  the  human 
race  on  thiscontinentequal  to.  if  not  exceeding, 
that  assigned  to  man  in  the  O'd  World.  Im- 
plements have  been  found  In  various  parts  of 
the  Uaited  States  the  age  of  which  is  estimated 
by  different  aathorities  at  from  7000  to  100,000 
years. 

A  finely  wrought  miniature  image  was  re 
cently  b'^ought  to  light  in  boring  for  an  artesian 
well  at  Nampa,  Ada  Co.,  Idaho.  It  was  taken 
from  the  eleventh  distinct  geological  stratum 
pierced  by  the  boring  close  to  the  twelfth 
stratum,  which  is  of  eandstone.  It  is  appar- 
ently modeled  from  stiff  cby,  and  If  baked  at 
all  in  the  tire  had  been  subj  ^cted  to  only  a  low 
degree  of  heat.  The  beariug  of  thia  discovery 
ia  of  great  importance.  If  we  are  compelled  to 
ascribe  t?  the  image  such  antiquity  aa  its  geo- 
logical situation  indicates,  it  will  go  far  to  re- 
lieve the  Calaveras  skull  of  the  obloquy  which 
has  rested  upon  it  on  account  of  Its  advanced 
stage  of  development;  for  certainly  the  brain 
that  could  have  modeled  so  perfect  a  form  as 
thia  must  have  been  far  removed  from  that  of 
the  apelike  progenitor  supposed  by  Darwin  to 
be  the  common  ancestor  of  us  all. 


Tlie  Color  of  Haman  Beings. 

The  Sanscrit  word  for  caste  is  uarna,  "color," 
India  was  inhabited  originally  by  non-Aryan 
dark  tribes.  When  the  fairer  Aryan  race  forced 
its  way  iato  the  land,  they  recognized  at  once 
this  difference  between  themaelves  and  the  in- 
digenous trtbea,  and  upon  this  foundation  they 
built  up  their  system  of  caste,  which  ia  gener- 
ally abased  most  by  those  who  understand  least 
of  it.  N)w  the  white  skin  of  the  Anglo-Saxon 
and  the  Ad glo- American  is  to  him  precisely  aa 
mnch  of  a  caste-mark  as  it  was  to  the  priestly 
bards  of  the  Aryans  when  they  invaded  India. 
Formerly  the  belief  prevailed  that  the  dark 
races  owed  their  color  to  a  special  dark  layer 
of  skin  tissue.  Microscopic  investigations  have 
ehown  that  this  is  not  the  case.  The  skin  con- 
sists of  two  layers,  the  outnr,  called  epidermir, 
and  the  inner  akin  proper  (cutie).  The  outer 
skin  again  consista  of  two  latere,  a  transparent 
skin  and  a  mucua  tiasue,  called  the  malpbigian 
net  {rete  malphigi).  In  this  tissue,  which  lies 
between  the  true  skin  and  the  outer  layer  of 
the  epidermiB,  are  contained  cells  full  of  finely 
granulated  pigment,  or  coloring  matter.  The 
upper  part  of  the  epidermis  of  a  negro  is  just 
the  same  aa  that  of  a  white  man.  According 
as  these  pigment  cells  are  more  or  less  numer- 
one,  the  complexion  is  more  or  less  dark.  In 
all  hnman  beings  there  are  some  parte  colored 
precisely  in  the  same  way,  the  nipples,  freckles, 
mnlaa,  etc. 

Oa  the  oolor  of  the  skin  depends  the  odor  of 


the  exhalation.  Those  of  the  negro  are  gener- 
ally described  as  rancid,  ammoniacal,  goatlike; 
in  times  happily  past,  the  smell  'was  wafted  by 
the  breezes  and  gave  notice  of  the  arrival  of  a 
slave  ship.  The  American  races  have  their  own 
pecaliar  smell.  Especially  strong  and  repalsiva 
to  the  Spaniards  is  that  of  the  Aranoanians, 
the  aborigines  of  Chili.  The  Creoles  have  a 
special  name  for  it,  soreno.  Indians  have  been 
known  to  express  aversion  against  the  white 
man's  smell.  It  is  evident  from  what  has  been 
stated  jast  now  that  dark  color  is  not  due  from 
infiaence  of  light  and  heat,  in  the  ordinary  way 
of  browning  from  the  outside  owing  to  exponnre. 
The  cause  of  raoe  color  is  much  more  difficult 
to  account  for.  This  much  is  certain,  that 
there  ia  evident  connection  between  latitade 
and  color.  Even  the  ancient  geographers,  e.  g  , 
Pliny,  believed  that  dasky  skin  meant  origin 
near  the  eqaator.  Certainly  the  deepest  shades 
of  black  are  at  home  only  near  the  equator,  in 
Africa,  in  India  and  New  Guinea. — Baltimore 
Sun. 

The  Origin  of  Man  and  Animals  — **  The 
arguments  drawn  from  the  experimental  facts 
of  variation  and  natural  selection  from  the  ob- 
served progression  of  animal  formB  in  sucoes- 
sive  geological  strata,  and  the  like,"  says  Mr. 
Wallace  in  the  Popular  Science  Monthly^  **  seem 
to  me  quite  inadequate  to  explain  the  develop- 
ment 01  insects,  fiuhes,  birds,  mammals,  from 
one  atook.  Consequently,  to  my  own  mind,  it 
is  a  relief  to  be  able  to  think  of  several,  and  if 
of  several  then  possibly  of  any  number  of  orig- 
inal germs.  The  hypothesis  is  not  opposed  to, 
but  quite  in  accordance  with,  Mr.  Btrwin'aown 
views;  in  fact,  he  was  far  too  cautions  a  man  to 
dogmatize  concerning  the  unity  of  the  origin 
of  living  formp,  when  all  attempts  at  the  exami- 
nation of  the  question  of  origin  would  neces- 
sarily carry  him  far  beyond  the  limits  of  possi- 
ble experiment.  Let  us  then  adopt  provision- 
ally the  hypothesis  of  a  multiplicity  of  germs  of 
life;  and  if  we  do  this,  there  is  nothing  wild  or 
strange  in  the  supposition  that  the  germ  of  man 
was  different  from  other  germs.  It  woald  be 
beyond  all  that  sotentifio  caution  would  justify 
to  asBume  that,  given  a  number  of  original 
germs  of  life,  it  is  a  matter  of  chance  into 
what  each  will  develop.  It  ia  contrary,  I 
think,  to  the  whole  analogy  of  Nitare  to  sup- 
pose that  a  living  germ,  which  is  to  all  intents 
and  pnrpoaea  an  ovam  or  egg,  may  ultimately 
develop  into  an  oak  or  a  fiah,  or  a  man,  ac- 
cording to  its  surroundings  or  according  to 
mere  chance.  At  all  events,  it  ia  much  more 
probablf,  much  more  according  to  analogy, 
that  each  germ  should  have  its  speoitio  char- 
acter, and  that  so  man  should  have  beea  man 
in  intention  and  preparation  from  the  very  be- 
ginning of  thlngB." 


Tornadoes  — The  inoreasing  freqnency  and 
greater  deattuctiveness  of  tornadoes  is  attract- 
ing an  incceaaed  share  of  scientific  research  into 
their  character  and  oauae  and  the  means  of 
ort venting  their  destructiva  efficta.  Lieat. 
Finley  of  the  United  Statea  army,  in  an  article 
on  tornadoes,  argues  that  these  storms  will 
come  while  the  earth  has  an  atmosphere,  but 
be'ieves  that  when  navigation  of  the  air  shall 
hav3  been  made  practicable,  important  re- 
searches might  be  made  into  the  conditions 
which  give  rise  to  the  tornado.  Science,  how- 
ever, has  so  far  offered  little  hope  of  solving 
the  problem  of  aerial  navigation.  The  late 
Louisville  cyclone  was  probably  one  of  the 
most  formidable  visitations  of  the  kind  on  rec- 
ord, and  presented  most  startling  evidence  of 
the  destructive  power  of  Nature's  forces  and 
man's  insignificance  in  their  presence.  An  ex- 
amination of  the  ruined  district,  however,  has 
revealed  the  fact  that  several  buildings  directly 
in  the  track  of  the  moat  violent  points  of  the 
disturbance,  withstood  the  shook  without  seri- 
ous damage.  It  has  also  been  noticed  that 
those  buildings  are  of  the  moat  solid  and  sub- 
stantial structure.  This  fact  is  one  of  much 
importance  to  architects  and  builders,  as  show- 
ing that  the  science  and  art  of  architecture  has 
reached  such  a  degree  of  efficiency  as  to  render 
it  possible  for  man  to  protect  himself  against 
the  most  extraordinary  atmospheric  dieturb- 
ancea  of  which  we  have  any  knowledge,  and 
fairly  avert  their  death-dealing  effects.  Late 
experience  has  shown  that  the  element  of  safe- 
ty from  atmospheric  pressore  ahould  enter 
more  fully  than  heretofore  Into  all  architectur- 
al designs.  The  public  at  large  should  be  alive 
to  this  matter  and  see  that  buildings  which 
shelter  families  are  properly  constructed  for  re- 
sisting these  extraordinary  contingencies. 


The  Heliograph. — Daring  a  recent  trial 
with  a  beliograoh  m  Ar  zona,  a  single  sun-fiish 
was  sent  from  Fort  McD>well  to  Fort  Grant, 
125  miles  distant,  where  it  was  properly  re- 
neived,  and  from  whence  it  was  oontinued  to 
Fort  Buachaca,  90  miles  farther — making  215 
milea  distance  with  one  inteiv=ning  station. 


A  SuNFiSH  of  the  genua  Orthogariacas  waa 
rpoently  captured  in  the  deepa  between  Lynn, 
Wisbeck  and  B  -ston,  Eagland,  the  first  seen  in 
that  vicinity  in  70  years.  It  meaaured  from  fin 
to  fin  7^  feet,  and  was  5|  feet  in  length,  weigh- 
ing 750  pounds.     It  has  been  preserved. 


The  "Angler"  says  dobaons  or  helgramitea, 
a  popular  bait,  are  found  among  the  dead  leaves 
which  lie  at  the  bottom  of  atony  brooks.  Lift 
out  a  peck  of  the  leaves  with  a  hop,  and  open 
them  out  on  the  bank,  when  the  dobsons  will 
orawl  oat. 


Jo»E  14,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


39d 


The  B'JiLDZfi. 


A  Novel  DEsitix  voit  the  Worlds  Fair 
BoiLiJiNcs.-  A  moat  airikiDg  deaiga  for  tbuee 
baildiogB  at  Chicago  baa  been  prepared  by  an 
arohitect  of  that  city.  He  propoees  to  build  a 
boge  tent  of  iron,  steel  and  etnoe,  with  glasis  roof 
aod  a  central  eteel  tower,  fJU  feet  in  diameter 
and  1100  feet  high.  Thla  will  oontaio  eight 
elevators.  From  ita  top,  ateel  ciblee  will  be 
stretched  to  the  oiroular  aide  walls,  which  will 
be  1500  feet  from  the  boae  of  the  tower.  Upon 
tbete  cables  the  gUsa  roof  will  rest.  This  will 
give  an  enormoae  circular  balldtng,  :t000  feet 
io  diameter,  which,  with  the  groand  floor  and 
two  circular  galleries,  75  feet  wit^o,  running 
around  the  buitdinsr,  will  provide  19IV^  acres  of 
available  space.  By  the  aid  of  electric  lights 
this  enormouR  space  would  present  magnificent 
viatas.  Mr.  Jenison  asserts  the  praotic^tbility 
of  such  a  structure.  A  reference  to  the  Brook* 
lyo  briden  gives  a  comparison.  That  has  a 
span  of  1500  fce%  while  the  cables  of  this  build 
ing  will  be  1500  feet  long.  The  bridge  will 
support  a  moviog  load  of  100  pounds  per  eqnare 
foot,  while  here  there  will  hs  only  10  pounds 
plus  the  wind  pressure.  This  latter  point  baa 
been  carefully  considered.  A  round  surface 
will  offer  less  registanoe  than  any  other,  and 
the  wind  pressure  can  be  sncoessfully  sustained 
by  carefully  adjusted  tension  rods.  A  consid- 
erable revenue  would  be  derived  from  the 
elevator*.  The  cost  is  estimated  at  S5  805,000, 
or  $:Hi  204  per  acre.  The  Paris  Exposition 
machinery  hall  coat  S75,0S0  per  acre'  the  main 
building  at  Pailadelphia  S"'i,501  per  acre,  and 
the  London  Crystal  Palace,  $42,500  per  acre. 
Of  this  ccat  about  $1,000,000  could  be  realized 
from  the  use  of  the  old  material.  The  exhibits 
could  be  arranged  in  converging  Ilnea  toward  a 
grand  amphitheater  around  the  central  pole. 
Mr.  Jenison  proposes  also  a  large  circular  canal 
around  the  >neide  of  the  building  for  various 
purposes.  Tbia  is  certainly  the  most  captivat- 
ing of  all  the  novel  prcjects  yet  proposed  in 
conneotioD  with  the  exposition. 

Carpenters'  Horses. — A  Cbioago  genius  has 
something  to  say  about  the  wooden  horses  need 
by  carpenters:  The  life  of  a  horee  ia  short, 
averaging  aboat  one>half  the  ordinary  building 
season.  Ir  the  average  contractor  were  asked 
as  to  the  number  of  horses  in  use  in  Chicago  at 
a  given  time,  he  would  probably  answer,"! 
don't  know."  Oar  genius  inteiviewed  a  great 
number  of  oontractorp,  bricklayers,  plastererr, 
etc.,  with  the  foltowiog  result:  A  horse  will 
average  about  30  feet  of  lumber,  and  there  arc 
about  50,000  horses  in  use  in  the  city  today; 
double  this  for  the  season,  and  we  have  a  total 
of  3,000,000  feet  of  lumber  every  year  put  into 
these  awkward  but  useful  and  indispensable 
adjuncts  of  the  building  trade.  The  cost  of 
horses  is  all  the  way  from  60  to  75  cents  each. 
This  would  make  the  estimate  of  the  number 
here  given  much  too  small  but  for  the  further 
fact  that  many  of  the  leaser  concerns,  who 
work  only  on  small  dwellings,  make  their  horses 
last  longer  than  here  stated.  Carpenters  make 
them  by  the  piece  for  the  masons  and  plaster- 
ers, and  evidently  make  a  good  thing  of  it. 
"Why  no  one  has  thought  to  start  a  shop  with  a 
little  outfit  of  suitable  machinery.  Is  a  wonder. 
A  better  and  cheaper  horse  could  be  made,  and 
there  Is  a  pretty  good  chance  for  a  business 
that  involves  the  use  of  from  2,500,000  to 
3,000  000  feet  of  lumber  annually,  or  a  busineBs 
of  upward  of  $50,000.  Many  of  the  contractors 
have  expressed  the  wish  that  there  was  such  a 
concern,  where  they  could  send  any  time  and 
get  just  what  they  want,  ard  at  a  reasonable 
price.     Who  will  make  the  venture? 


Electricity  in  PHOTonRAPHY, — An  Eagliah 
photographer  olaims  to  have  obtained  a  photo- 
graph in  which  the  natural  colors  were  repro- 
duced when  the  exposure  was  made,  by  acci- 
dent, just  at  the  moment  when  there  came  a 
blinding  flash  of  lightning.  He  says  that  a 
friend  of  his  once  got  a  colored  plate  under 
similar  circumstancer,  and  believes  that  elec- 
trioity  has  to  do  with  photographing  colors. 


A  Stem-Winding  Screw-Driver  has  been 
made  in  Philadelphia,  with  the  handle  in  two 
parts,  these  parts  being  capable  of  rotating  one 
upon  the  other.  A  stop-pin  and  pawl  limit  the 
movement  of  the  shank  in  one  direction,  while 
the  top  of  the  handle  will  move  backward  with 
out  turning  the  shank.  The  mechanism  ap 
pears  to  be  very  similar  to  the  principle  of  a 
atem-winding  watch. 

Building  with  Brick, — It  is  remarked  that 
the  central  portion  of  a  brick  for  building  pur- 
poses is  of  little  value,  and  could  be  left  hollow 
as  well  as  not  where  the  material  is  an  item  to 
look  out  for,  provided  it  makes  no  more  work 
for  those  in  the  brickyards.  They  are  to  be 
stood  on  end,  of  course,  to  keep  rats  and  other 
vermin  from  making  use  of  the  cavities  in  the 
basement. 

Fireplace  Construction. — Nothina  is  more 
cheerful  in  cold  weather  than  an  openfiieplace, 
says  the  Building  Trades  Journal^  but  it  has 
always  been  considered  the  most  wasteful  of 
fuel.  There  are,  however,  certain  rules  in  fire- 
place construction,  that,  if  followed,  will  reduce 
the  waste  to  a  minimum.  The  back  wall  of  the 
fireplace  should  not.be  less  than  twelve  inches 
from  the  face  of  the  chimney-breast  for  soft 
coal  or  wood,  and  eight  inches  for  hard  ooal. 
This  wall  should  be  carried  up  perpendicular 
for  about  six  courses  of  brick  and  then  inoliaed 


forward  so  as  to  contract  the  throat  of  the  flue. 
The  top  of  the  prr  jbctioo  thus  formed  should 
be  perfectly  level,  and  should  be  about  six 
inches  above  the  chimney  bars.  The  sides  and 
top  plate  of  the  fireplace  should  be  at  right  an- 
gles to  eanh  other,  and  each  should  form  an 
angle  of  135  degreea  with  the  back  wall,  whoae 
width  ahonld  be  one-third  thit  of  the  front. 
By  this  arrangement  the  greateat  quantity  of 
heat  is  refi'^cted  into  the  room. 


QsEFUL  Information. 


What  the  World  Owes  to  Workim;mkn,— 
Said  Sir  John  Lubbock  recently  in  a  lecture  to 
English  workmen:  "It  la  remarkable  how 
many  of  the  improvements  to  which  wo  owe 
the  maivelous  development  of  our  manufactur* 
ing  industry  have  bctn  due  to  workingmen. 
Watt  was  a  mechanical  engineer;  Henry  Oort, 
whose  improvements  in  manufactures  were 
said  to  have  added  more  to  the  wealth  of 
Kogland  than  the  whole  value  of  the  national 
debt,  was  the  son  of  a  brickmaker;  Huntsman, 
the  inventor  of  oast  steel,  was  a  poor  watch- 
maker; Cromptnn  was  a  weaver;  Wedgwood 
was  a  pottoi;  B.indly,  TeUord,  Mashat  and 
Neilaon  were  workingmen;  George  Stephenson 
began  life  as  a  cowboy  at  twopence  a  day,  and 
could  not  read  till  he  was  eighteen;  Balton  was 
the  son  of  a  poor  weaver;  Faraday  of  a  black- 
emith;  Newcomen  of  a  blacksmith;  Arkwright 
began  life  as  a  barber;  Sir  H.  D^vy  was  an 
apothecary's  apprentice,  and  Bonlton,  the 
'father  of  Birmingham,'  was  a  button  maker. 
To  these  men,  and  others  like  them,  the  world 
owes  a  deep  debt  of  gratitude.  We  ought  to 
be  as  proud  of  them  as  of  any  of  our  generals 
or  statesmen." 


Lustrous  Metallic  Glass  Surfaces. — The 
following  methods  of  preparation  of  lustrous 
metallic  surfaces  on  glass  Bud  glszed  ceramic  is 
described  io  the  Jojirnal  of  the  Society  of 
Gh(7mcal  Industry:  An  aqueous  solution  of 
silver  nitrate  is  mixed  wliih  a  paste  which, 
when  heated  in  a  mtrtla  at  a  low  temperature, 
will  not  fuse  to  the  glass  or  porcetaiu,  but  can 
be  readily  detached  from  it.  Suitable  paste 
may  be  made  from  ohalk,  earth,  lampblack, 
sulphur,  madder  lake,  maoganese  dioxide  and 
oxi^e  of  iron.  Daring  the  heating  in  the 
muHle  the  silver  passes  from  the  paste  to  the 
surface  of  the  glass  or  porcelain.  The  paste  is 
then  carefully  removed  and  the  article  heated 
gently  for  a  few  minutes  in  a  reducing  atmos- 
phere, preferably  in  carbonic  oxide.  An  ad- 
herent lustrous  metallic  coating  is  produced 
which  in  transmitted  light  appears  light  yellow 
to  dark-green  white,  while  the  luster  varies  in 
appearance  from  that  of  silver  to  greenish  gold. 
Three  parts  of  paste  are  used  for  one  part  of 
silver  nitrate.  Chloroid  of  sulphide  of  silver 
may  also  be  used,  the  former  imparting  a 
greenish  and  the  latter  a  yellow  color. 

Erasing  Ink  Lines.— A  correspondent  of 
the  ^mencan  Machinist  gives  the  following: 
It  is  sooietjmes  neoessary,  unpleasant  as  it  may 
be,  to  erase  inked  lines,  especially  on  patent- 
cffioe  drawings.  The  erasing  is  well  enough, 
but  to  draw  lines  over  the  erased  spot,  and  to 
be  as  distinct  as  any  of  the  other  lines  of  the 
drawing,  is  accomplished  by  erasiog  the  lines 
carefully  without  making  ditchet;  then  apply 
with  a  brush  a  thin  solution  of  gum  arable  with 
half  that  of  alum;  when  wet  the  paper  will 
swell.  After  perfectly  dry,  burnish  down,  and 
it  will  be  as  good  as  ever,  and  often  better  than 
the  paper,  for  this  varies  in  cxaality.  If  the 
drawing  is  to  be  very  elaborate,  and  tinted,  it 
is  beet  to  test  the  paper  as  to  its  quality  be- 
fore any  inking  is  done,  and  apply  with  a 
apcnge  a  very  thin  solution  of  the  same  liquid 
evenly,  not  let  it  run  into  the  paper  if  pools 
are  formed,  but  remove  them — as  everybodv,  I 
suppose,  knows,  the  papsr  not  being  sized'  in 
this  manner  before  the  drawing  is  made,  will 
shrink  and  change  the  eoale — certainly  poor 
paper  wants  a  better  treatment  than  good  and 
homogeneous  paper. 

Tea  Ctlture  in  Colorado. — According  to 
the  DsDver  Qrocer^  a  great  industry,  that  of 
tea  culture,  has  practically  sprung  up  within 
the  State  of  Colorado.  Not  many  miles  from 
Denver  a  gentleman  is  said  to  have  set  himself 
in  the  most  deliberate  and  determined  manner 
to  the  solution  of  the  tea  problem,  from  the 
American  standpoint.  Careful  and  continued 
investigation  by  him  is  said  to  have  resulted  in 
the  discovery  that  the  conditions  of  soil  and 
climate  exieting  in  several  points  of  Colorado 
are  substantially  similar  to  those  in  existence 
in  the  northern  tea  districts  of  China.  The 
progress  of  this  new  industry  will  be  watched 
with  much  interest. 


Uncertainties  of  the  Law. — Some  one  of  a 
statietioal  turn  of  mind  says  he  has  ascertained 
that  out  of  14,779  murderers  who  took  human 
life  in  the  six  years  from  18S4  to  1889,  only 
558  paid  the  penalty  of  their  crimes  by  yield- 
ing their  own  lives  to  the  law. 

Cheap  Paint. — A  honseholder  in  Bangalore, 
India,  is  said  to  have  for  years  used  nothing 
but  the  dust  cff  the  roads,  mixed  with  linseed 
oil,  as  a  paint  for  woodwork  exposed  to  the 
weather. 

Happiness  is  more  In  the  expectation  than 
in  the  realization.  We  ohase  happiness  while 
unhappiness  is  continually  dogging  our  foot 
steps, 


Good  Health. 

The  Ear-Ring;. 

The  habit  of  having  the  ears  bored  and  wear- 
ing earrings  seemft  to  be  gradually  going  out 
of  fashion,  and  well  it  may.  There  Is  often 
danger,  always  more  or  lees  trouble,  connected 
with  the  habit.  A  melancholy  case  has  recent- 
ly occurred  in  this  vicinity,  wbich  Is  chronicled 
as  follows: 

Misa  Cyrena  Boyd  of  Winters.  Yolo  county, 
died  in  San  Francisco  April  30th,  of  blood 
poieoning.  While  in  the  city  some  time  ago 
visiting  friends  she  had  her  ears  pleroed.  She 
returned  home,  but  was  shortly  afterward 
caught  in  a  severe  rainstorm.  She  took  cold, 
erysipelas  set  in  and  she  came  to  this  city 
(or  treatment.  Instead  of  improving,  however, 
ahe  grew  worse,  and  her  ears  and  face  be- 
came terribly  swollen. 

After  suffering  great  agony,  death  came  to 
the  young  lady's  relief  four  days  later. 
A  telegram  was  sent  to  her  parents  at  Winters 
in  time  for  them  to  have  arrived  before  their 
daughter  paesed  away,  but  on  account  of  some 
delay  there  they  did  not  receive  the  message 
until  too  late.  Deceased  was  an  attractive 
young  lady,  19  years  of  agf ,  and  a  favorite  in 
the  neighborhood  of  her  home. 

In  connection  with  the  above,  the  following 
paragraph,  which  we  find  on  our  table,  may 
poastbly  be  read  with  interest: 

There  is  a  certain  pleasure  in  watching  the 
decline  and  fall  of  the  ear-ring.  If  I  had  writ- 
ten '*  Looking  Bickward"  I  should  have  in- 
serted somewhere  a  reminiscence  of  the  last 
woman  who  bored  boles  in  her  flesh  to  permit 
the  fastening  of  an  ornament.  The  attempt  to 
revive  the  Creole,  or  hanging  ear-ring,  has  ut- 
terly failed.  The  faintest  suggestion  of  weight 
attached  to  the  ear  now  displeases  most  well- 
bred  women.  Occasionally  yon  see  a  face  of 
such  a  shape  that  hanging  ear-rings-are  tempt- 
ingly becoming.  Nettie  Hooper,  the  pretty 
daughter  of  Lucy  Hooper,  the  Paris  corre- 
spondent, wore  large  Creole  ear-ring^,  set  with 
small  peaila,  at  a  recent  reception,  and  they  ac- 
cented her  p'quancy,  but  the  hanging  ear-ring, 
as  a  rule,  is  an  abomination.  Even  the  stud 
ear-ring  is  less  worn.  Fine  jewels  are  lees 
often  set  in  ear-rings,  and  many  wbich  have 
thus  been  used  are  going  back  to  the  jewelers 
to  be  reset  as  pendants  or  in  broocheci.  It  is  not  a 
usual  thing  now  to  see  a  debutante  whose  ears 
bave  been  pierced,  and  matrons  often  use  vari 
ous  little  artifices  to  conceal  the  traces  of  the 
needle. 

Increase  of  Insanity. — Recent  investiga- 
tions conducted  by  M.  Paul  Garnler  and  em- 
bodied in  a  report  to  a  convention  of  French 
doctors  give  startling  facts  as  to  the  increaae  of 
insanity  in  Fianop,  and  espeoially  as  to  the  in- 
crease of  that  form  of  Insanity  due  to  the  ex- 
cessive use  of  alcoholic  drinks.  From  1871  to 
1888,  insanity  increased  by  30  per  cent.  Fifty- 
six  per  cent  of  the  insane  are  men  and  44  per 
cut  are  women.  The  increase  during  the  past 
17  years  has  been  almost  entirely  in  the 
branches  of  alcoholic  insanity  and  of  general 
paralysis  or  paresis.  There  has  been  very  little 
increaae  in  mania,  melancholia  and  chronic 
delirium.  Alcohol  and  overwork  are,  there- 
fore, held  reeponsible  for  the  greater  part  of 
the  increase  of  insanity  during  recent  years. 
The  frequency  of  alcoholic  insanity  has  doubled 
within  the  oast  15  years,  and  the  cases  have 
increased  25  per  cent  in  the  last  three  years. 
Fifteen  years  ago  the  proportion  of  women 
among  the  cases  of  alooholic  in^ianlty  was  one- 
sixth.  Now  it  is  one-fitth.  A  singular  fact 
noted  is  that  the  number  of  new  cases  of  in- 
sanity is  greater  in  the  spring,  the  month  of  May 
seeming  to  inaugurate  annually  an  epidemic. 

Vaccination. — The  right  of  the  State  to  re- 
quire the  vaccination  of  children  before  admit- 
ting them  to  the  public  echools  has  been  af- 
firmed by  the  Supreme  Court  Commissioners. 
The  efficacy  of  Jenner's  method  of  preventing 
the  spread  of  smallpox  was  recently  strikingly 
expmplified  by  the  experience  of  the  members 
of  Stanley's  expedition,  an  epidemic  playing  sad 
havoc  with  a  number  of  his  followers  who  re- 
fused  to  submit  to  vaccination,  while  nearly  all 
who  did  paesed  through  the  trying  experience 
with  little  or  no  sickness. 

Palpitation  of  the  Heart  —A  French  phy- 
sician announces  that  distressing  or  exceasive 
palpitation  of  the  heart  can  always  be  arrested 
by  bending  double,  the  head  down  and  the 
hands  haneiog,  so  as  to  produce  a  temporary 
congestion  of  the  upper  portion  of  the  body. 
In  nearly  every  instance  of  neivous  palpitation 
the  heart  immediately  resumes  its  natural 
function.  If  the  movements  of  respiration  are 
arrested  during  this  action,  the  effect  is  still 
more  rapid. 

The  Eyes. —  When  the  average  man  or 
woman  comes  to  be  fitted  with  the  first  pair  of 
glasses,  some  curious  discoveries  are  made. 
Seven  out  of  ten  have  stronger  sight  in  one  eye 
than  the  other.  In  two  oases  out  of  five,  one 
eye  is  out  of  line.  Nearly  one-half  the  people 
are  oolor-bliud  to  some  extent,  and  only  one 
pair  of  eyes  out  of  every  fifteen  are  all  right  in 
all  respects. 

The  Marriage  State.— Prof.  A,  N.  Klaer, 
a  Norwegian  statistician,  has  discovered  and  de- 
clared that  the  marriage  state  increases  the 
death  rate  among  women  and  decreases  it 
among  men. 


ELECTPjeiTY. 


IscKKAMiNo  UsKs  OF  ELECTRICITY.— The  In- 
crease in  the  use  of  elecf^ic  lights  and  eleotrio 
motors  ia  shown  by  the  Electrical  World  to  be 
greater  during  the  past  few  years  than  moat 
people  probably  imagine.  The  number  of  eleo> 
t-ic  lighting  companies  io  the  United  States  and 
C»nada  rperritiog  central  fitattons  at  the  begin- 
ning of  ISSO  was  4.^0.  Thfs  rumber  had  in- 
creased at  the  beginning  of  ISS7  to  750,  at  the 
beginning  of  1SS9  to  n-^arly  PJOO.and  at  the  be- 
ginning of  1S!I0  to  1277,  including  25  in  Mexico 
and  Central  America.  Meantime  2()6  gas  com- 
panies had  engaged  in  electric  lighting,  so  that 
the  total  number  of  companies  engaged  in  elec- 
tric lighting  at  present  is  1543.  The  number  of 
isolated  or  private  incandi  scent  and  arc  light 
plants  a^  the  beginning  of  1SS7  was  about  1000 
each  Now  there  are  :i925  private  plants  in 
the  United  States,  175  in  Canada,  and  200  in 
Mexico  and  Central  America,  makicg  4300  in 
all.  The  number  of  arc  lamps  in  use  in  1882 
was  6000.  This  number  doubted  each  year  for 
four  years  and  has  since  grown  rapidly  until 
there  are  now  235,000.  The  number  nf  in- 
candf'naent  lights  has  Increased  from  525,000 
in  1886  to  3.000,000  at  present.  The  number 
of  electric  motors  now  Id  operation  in  the 
country  ia  estimated  at  15,000.  There  are 
nearly  200  electric  railways  In  over  125  towns 
and  citief,  and  these  have  in  operation  or  under 
contract  1884  cars  on  1260  miles  of  track. 
Electricians,  however,  look  for  a  great  devel- 
opment of  electric  motors  for  railroads  of  all 
kinds  during  the  next  two  years.  Electric 
light  and  eleotrio-power  for  mining  is  a  nw 
development  of  considerable  promise. 


The  Most  Promising  Field  for  the  In 
VENTOR,  very  correctly  says  a  cotemporary,  ia 
electricity.  The  best  inventions  in  this  field 
have  mostly  been  made  in  the  last  15  years — 
largely  indeed  inside  of  the  past  decade.  Here 
the  field  is  opening  out  and  widening  all  the 
time,  as  new  applications  of  the  electric  current 
or  electric  energy  are  being  constantly  dtsoov- 
ered.  Already  the  inventors  in  this  field  can 
be  counted  by  the  hundred,  and  there  are,  per- 
haps, more  successful  ones  among  them — that 
is,  the  ratio  i«  greater  than  in  any  other  field  of 
invention.  Just  for  a  moment  look  at  the 
prospect  here  presented.  In  the  eleotrio  cur- 
rent we  bave  an  element  of  power  that  ia  more 
easily  controlled  and  handled,  more  easily  dif- 
fused over  large  areas,  more  adaptable  to  a 
greater  variety  of  purposes,  than  any  other  of 
the  forces  of  nature  within  onr  control.  It  will 
beat  ^ourlhouses,  do  onr  cooking,  furnish  qb 
with  light,  and  convey  power  anywhere  that 
we  may  desire  it  to,  and  in  any  proportion  we 
may  call  for.  This  covers  a  wide  range  of  ap- 
plioUi  n,  but  it  by  no  means  exhausts  the 
uses  and  purposes  to  which  electricity  can  be 
applied,  and  this  field,  it  will  be  seen,  is  there* 
fore  a  moat  promising  one  to  the  young  in- 
ventor. 

Cleaning  Files  by  Electricity. — An  im- 
proved means  for  cleaning  files,  which  is 
claimed  to  restore  them  to  the  condition  of  new 
files,  is  described  as  follows  :  After  being 
cleaned  and  wetted,  tb<^  files  are  dipped  between 
two  carbons  into  acidified  water,  and  the  cir- 
cuit of  an  eleotrio  current  is  established  be- 
tween the  carbons  and  the  file  by  means  of  a 
piece  of  metal,  serving  as  a  support  to  the  fik, 
by  which  the  latter  is  suspended.  The  water 
is  then  decomposed  by  the  current,  the  oxygen 
acting  upon  the  cuttings  of  the  tile,  while  the 
hydrogen  bubbles  settle  in  the  teeth  and  pro- 
tect them  against  the  action  of  the  acidified 
water.  After  immersion  for  a  few  minntes, 
the  tile  is  withdrawn  and  brushed  in  clear 
water  to  remove  the  oxide  of  iron,  and  then  re- 
placed in  the  bath.  When  the  cuttings  are  en- 
tirely cleared,  the  file  ahould  be  immersed  in 
an  alkaline  bath  to  remove  all  traces  of  the 
acid,  then  dried  and  brushed. 


A  New  Idea  for  Electric  Welding. — It 
seems  that  the  uses  to  which  eleotrio  welding 
can  be  put  are  not  yet  exhausted.  Lient.  W. 
M.  Wood,  U.  S.  N.,  has  conceived  the  idea  of 
applying  the  electric  welding  process  tn  pro- 
j'^ctiles.  He  consulted  the  officials  of  the 
Thomson  Eleotrio  Welding  Co.,  and  the  experi- 
ments were  made.  So  succesaful  were  they 
that  letters  patmt  are  now  being  applied  for. 
Heretofore  the  Government  has  had  to  bore 
into  solid  metal  at  a  great  cost.  By  the 
new  process  a  steel  tube  of  the  proper  length 
and  thickness  is  welded  to  the  head  and  then 
to  the  butt  of  the  shell,  accomplishing  in  a  few 
minutEB  what  formerly  took  honrs  of  costly  ma- 
chine labor.  The  Government  officials  in  the 
Ordnance  department  are  very  much  inter- 
ested ia  the  result  of  these  experiments. 


Toads  and  Electric  Lights. — A  lady  tells 
bow  she  was  recently  waiting  in  a  carriage 
near  an  electric  lamp  in  Montreal,  which  had 
just  bsen  lighted,  while  her  friend  went  to  a' 
neighboring  shop.  In  the  dry  road  she  saw 
presently  a  stir,  and,  looking  over  the  wbeelf, 
saw,  hopping  iu  all  directions,  a  multitude  of 
toads  moving  toward  the  light.  There  was  a 
ring  of  toads  underneath,  evidently  waiting  for 
the  moths  and  other  insects  that  nightly  drop 
from  the  life-destroying  flame.  It  was  a  curious 
sight  to  witness  thoae  cnrioua  creatures  squat- 
ted in  a  circle,  with  upturned  heads  waiting  for 
their  suppers  which  they  knew  would  soon 
drop  into  their  mouths, 


400 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[June  14,  1890 


A,  T.  DEWEY,  W,  B.  E'WBR. 

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SAN    FRANCISCO: 

Saturday,  June   14,    1890. 


TABLE  OF  CONTENTS. 


EDITORIALS.— Retot tine  and  Melting,  393.  Pasa- 
ing  Events:  Milliog  Ores  on  the  C  matock:  More 
Crulserii  to  be  Bailt  Here,  400  In  the  High  Sierras, 
401-     Exhibit  of  Mit-eralt^,  402. 

ILijUSTBATIONS.— Section  of  Retort;  Single  Re- 
tort and  Melting  Furnace;  Double  Silver  Retorts  and 
Melting  Furnace;  Boss'  Improved  Bullion  Meltii:g 
>urnace,  393.  Sketch  Map  Showing  Points  of  In- 
terest in  Sierras;  Lake  Eleanor;  On  the  Mouut  Lydl 
Glacier;  View  of  the '■  Alps  "  looking  S.  E.  from  Mt. 
Lyell,  m  Ritter  in  Center,  401. 

OOxlKBSPONDENCE.— Mim  s  of  Calaveras  County; 
The  Uesquite  Bean;  Hidden  Dangers  in  Dam  Building, 
The  G-ld  Belt  cf  Northern  Califoruia,  394. 

MlSuELLANEOOS.— Eatriesoo  Arid  Lands;  Cerro 
Gordo  Diat'ict;  Btc  Tiee  for  the  World's  Fair;  Chinese 
Miners  on  Public  Land,  395. 

MEOHANICAb  PRUtiBBSS.— A  German  Sub- 
stitute for  Scotch  Pig;  Making  a  Stone  Drill;  Some- 
thing New  in  Regard  to  Steam;  Increasing  the  Speed 
of  Locomot  vci;  uan  Iron  be  Tempered;  Tempering 
Copper;  Miscellaneous.  398. 

SOIfiNTlFIC  fROGKiliSS.— Prehistoric  Americi; 
The  Color  of  Human  Beiogf;  The  Origin  of  Man  and 
Animals;  Tornadoes;  Miscellaneous,  398. 

THE  BUILDER.— A  Novel  Design  for  ihe  World's 
Fair  Builjinge:  Carpenter's  Horses;  Fite^lice  Con- 
struction; Miscellaneous,  399. 

DSEFULi  INFORMATION. —What  the  World 
Owes  to  Wotkingmen;  Lustrous  Metallic  Gla~3  Sur- 
faces; Era  iug  Ink  Lines;  Tea  Culture  in  Colorado; 
Miscellaneous,  399. 

GOOD  HBALiTH.-TheEar-Riog;  Increase  of  Insan- 
ity; MiEcellaneous,  399 

BLiECrKICITY.  —  Increasing  Use  of  Electricity; 
Cleaning  Files  by  Electricity;  Miscellaneous,  399 

MINING  aQMMAKY— From  the  various  counties 
of  California,  Nevada,  Arizona,  Colorado,  Idaho,  Mon- 
tana, New  Mexico,  Oregon,  Utah,  Wyoming,  396-397. 

MINING  STOCK  MARKET.— Sales  at  the  san 
Francisco  St^ck  Board,  Notices  of  Meetings,  Assess- 
menf^f"-  Dividnnrls.  and  Bullion  Shipments,  404 

MARKET  REPORTS.— Local  Markets,  Eastern 
Metal  Marketd,  404. 


Business  Axmouncemeiits. 

[new  THtS  ISSUE.) 

Assessment  Notice— Cairaelo  Land  and  Coal  Company. 
Delioquent  Sale  Notice— Gray  Eagle  Mining  Company. 
Automatic  Pop  Safety  Valves— H.  ?.  Gregory  &  Co. 
Meeting  Notice— Caimelo  Land  and  Coal  Company. 

KTSee  Advertising  Columns. 


Passing  Events. 

Ifc  is  apparent  that  copper  ie  again  on  the  ad- 
vance, the  stockB  on  hand  being  rapidly  re- 
dnced.  The  French  Byndicate  have  disposed  of 
two-thirda  of  what  they  had  at  the  time  of  the 
collapse.  The  demand  for  the  metal  ia  largely 
OQ  the  increase. 

I  Ab  a  result  of  the  opening  of  the  bide  for 
armored  vessels  at  Waahington,  it  ia  apparent 
that  the  Union  Iron  Worfca  of  thia  city  will 
have  two  more  vessels  to  build,  one  of  them  a 
.  very  large  ship.  It  ia  gratifying  to  note  that 
the  shipbuilding  indnatry  on  thia  coast  is 
gradually  enlarging. 

It  haB  been  determined  to  add  to  the  "Cali- 
fornia on  Wheela"  exhibit  of  the  products  of 
California  now  going  about  the  United  Statea, 
a  lot  of  mineral  specimens  to  illustrate  our  min- 
ing industry. 

The  foundry  strike  etill  continues  with  little 
change  in  the  aituation.  All  the  foundriea  are 
at  work  with  non-union  men,  but  the  members 
of  the  moldera'  union  atill  '*  picket"  the  ehopa 
and  profess  to  be  confident  of  ultimately  get- 
ting the  bast  of  the  Fjundry men's  Asaociation. 
The  latter  seem  indifferent,  having  men  enough 
for  the  preaent. 


Milling  Ores  on  the  Comstock. 

The  sworn  quarterly  reports  of  the  bullion 
produced  by  the  various  ore-yielding  mines  on 
the  Comstock  lode  which  were  pnbliabed  in 
April  are  full  of  interest  to  stockholders.  An 
analysis  of  these  reports  develops  a  condition 
of  affairs  which  is  certainly  not  enconraging  for 
thoae  who  hold  stock  in  these  corporations. 

We  find  that  the  Overman  mine  took  out 
during  the  quarter  ending  March  3i,  1890,  1670 
touB  of  ore  yielding  gross  $22,657.19,  or  $13  57 
per  ton.  The  cost  of  handling  thia,  including 
transportation^  extraction  and  reduction,  was 
$17,914,  showing  a  profit  of  $4742  97. 

The  pulp  aaaays  from  Overman  for  the  four 
weeka  ending  March  29  !:h  show  an  average  of 
$17  39  per  ton;  they  therefore  aaved  .78  per 
cent  of  the  pulp  assay. 

The  Swage  Mining  Company,  we   find  from 

their  sworn  bullion  report,  took  out  during  the 

quarter  mentioned: 

4570  tons  of  ore  yielding  gross  SH  40  per  ton .  ,§65,795  76 
Cost  of  extraction,  etc SOJIS  6S 


Losa  to  the  company S14.922  92 

The  pulp  aaaaya  given  in  tho  weekly    reports 

of  the  Savage  Company  show   an  average  of 

$22.27  per  ton,  as  by  their  bullion   report  they 

saved  $14,40  per  ton,  and  saved  .64  7-10  per 

cent  of  the  pulp  assay.     The  Hile  and  Norcroaa 

Mining   Company,  we   find  from  tbeir  bullion 

report,  took  out: 

5859  tons  ore  yieldinc  gross  $11.55  per  too  or  S67,68S  9S 
Coat  of  extraction,  etc 101,3.^9  77 


The  Comstock  mining  companies  paid  out  in 
wages  last  month  $249,024.  Of  thia,  the  Cod. 
Gftlifornia  and  Virginia  paid  $54,592. 


Loss  to  the  company 336,090  79 

The  pulp  aasays  as  given  by  them  during  the 
quarter  show  an  average  of  $17.57  per  ton. 
According  to  their  bullion  report  they  saved 
out  of  this  $11.55  per  ton,  or  65  74-100  per 
cent  of  the  pulp  assays. 

The  Consolidated  Virginia  and  California 
show  an  output  of  ore  for  the  quarter  of  25,6S0 
tons.  Average  according  to  their  bul- 
lion report  $18.10  per  ton.  The  average  of 
their  pulp  assays  for  the  same  period  ia  $25.81 
per  ton,  they,  therefore,  saved  ,70  per  cent  of 
the  pulp  aaaay. 

The  Crown  Point  Mining  C9mpany  yielded 
according  to  their  bullion  report  7059  tona  of 
ore  averaging  $11.50  per  ton.  Their  pulp  aa- 
says for  the  same  time  averaged  $16  96  per  ton, 
they,  therefore,  aaved  67  S-10  per  cent  of  the 
pulp  asaay. 

When  it  ia  underetood  that  all  these  ores  can 
be  and  should  be  worked  up  to  85  per  cent  of 
the  pulp  assay,  the  carelessness  in  their  hand- 
ling can  be  easily  seen. 

The  loaees  to  the  oompaniea  here  mentioned 
can  be  better  nnderstood  when  they  are  put  in- 
to fignres. 

To  the  Overman  Company  the  difference  be- 
tween .78  and  85  per  cent  s §2,323  30 

Savage,  d.fference  betwodn  64.7  per  cent  and 
85  per  cent 19,660  10 

Hale  and  Norcross,  difference    between   65.74 

per  cent  and  35  per  cant 19,803  42 

Con.  Va  and  <'ala.,  difference  betwctn  70 
per  cent  and  8.'i  per  cent 99,331  60 

Crown  Point,  difference  betneen  87.S  per 
cent  and  85  per  cent 20,612  2S 

Waste  in  five  mines  which  wen's  to  the  gain  ot 
the  mills $161,780  70 

Taking  the  same  ratio  for  the  balance  of  the 
miLC',  the  Ioes  certainly  runs  over  $200,000  for 
the  quarter.  Thia  all  went  to  the  gain  of  the 
millmen,  in  addition  to  $7  per  ton  paid  for  mill 
ing,  which  on  44,$3S  tons  from  five  mines  men- 
tioned above,  amounts  to  $313,866.  As  the 
assays  of  the  rock  delivered  at  the  milla  are 
not  given  by  the  companief,  it  ia  impossible  to 
tell  how  close  to  the  trae  asBay  value  it  ia 
worked  by  the  milla.  A  strong  head  of  water 
and  open  screens  can  make  the  battery  slimes 
very  rich,  and.no  one  would  be  the  wiser,  as 
the  assay  value  of  the  ore  as  delivered  to  the 
mill  is  not  given. 

If  the  loasea  mentioned  herein  were  neces- 
sary and  usual,  no  fault  could  be  found,  but 
they  are  not  necessary,  are  inexcusable  and  the 
result  of  negligence  bordering  on  something 
worse. 

It  is  known  that  the  California  pan-mill  will 
work  ore  up  to  90  per  cent  of  its  pulp  aaaaya. 
Silver  mines  carrying  free-milling  ores  going 
no  higher  than  $15  per  ton  are  sought  after  aa 
investments  and  pay  good  interest. 

In  the  Calico  mining  district  in  California 
silver  ores  assaying  from  $13  to  16  per  ton  with 
no  gold  in  them  are  worked  at  a  profit  to  their 
owners  and  are  paying  dividends. 

Why  then  should  higher  grade  free-milling 
ore  on  the  Comstock  lose  money  for  the  mines 
that  produce  them.    The  loss  is  plainly  in  the 


milla.  They  are  getting  the  whole  benefit  of 
the  work  of  the  mines.  They  are  being  paid 
for  milling  ores  which  tljey  are  not  milling 
properly  and  which  they  are  working  at  a  loss 
to  the  companies;  whereas,  if  they  were  worked 
aa  they  woatd  be  in  a  private  corporation 
where  the  oompany  owned  the  mil),  they 
would  pay  dividenda  when  under  the  present 
ayatem  asaessments  are  levied  to  take  out  the 
ore. 

In  other  word?,  stookholdera  who  own  pay- 
ing properties  are  paying  asseasmenta  for  the 
benefit  of  the  mill  ring.  This  would  not  occnr 
if  the  directors  of  the  several  companies  would 
do  their  duty.  In  former  times  when  directors 
made  contracts  with  the  milla,  there  was  in- 
corporated in  the  contract  a  clause  compelling 
the  mill-owners  to  work  the  rook  to  a  certain 
per  cent  of  the  car  or  mine  asaay  value.  We 
believe  that  65  per  cent  was  the  amount  usually 
given.  Thia  is  not  done  now,  and  the  stock- 
holders of  the  companies  are  left  unprotected 
and  at  the  mercy  of  the  millmen. 

When  J.  P.  Jones  worked  the  Con.  Virginia 
and  California  under  contract,  careful  aasays  of 
the  rock  were  kept  by  both  parties,  aa  is  aaid^ 
for  their  mutual  protection;  but  the  gentlemen 
who  are  acting  aa  directora  of  the  various  min- 
ing companies  apparently  do  not  think  that 
there  is  any  neceBsity  for  the  protection  of 
atockholdeis,  and  leave  them  to  be  skinned  by 
the  millmen. 

In  view  of  the  peculiar  conditions  existing 
on  the  Comstock  Lode,  it  will  not  be  amiss  to 
consider  the  effects  resulting  therefrom.  We 
find,  upon  investigation,  that  the  Chollar  mill 
is  owned  by  Senator  J.  P.  Jones,  Alviuzk  Hay- 
ward  and  W.  S.  Hjbart.  The  Union  Mill 
Company  ia  the  property  of  Senator  J.  P.  Jones, 
D.  0,  Milla,  F.  G.  Newlanda,  the  Sharon  estate 
and  R.  F.  Morrow,  The  Nevada  mill  is  owned 
by  John  W.  Mackay  and  Jimea  L.  Flood. 

Oan  it  be  conaidered  a  atartling  coincidence 
that  among  theae  gentlemen,  owners  of  the 
millp,  are  fouud  the  millionaires  of  the  Com- 
stock? The  paupers  are  found  among  the 
atockholders  of  the  mining  companies,  who  in- 
trust their  interests  to  those  who,  from  personal 
interest  or  criminal  neglect,  sacrifice  them  and 
their  poor  earninga  to  the  mill-owners. 

There  ia  nothing  new  In  thia  atory  of  miaap- 
propriation  on  the  Comatock.  It  ia  bare-faced 
and  without  cover.  There  are  few  in  the  State 
of  Nevada,  be  they  deaf,  dumb  and  blind,  who 
know  not  of  it.  It  hae  been  aaid  that  with 
such  general  knowledge  it  is  strange  that  auch 
illegal  acta  can  be  perpetrated. 

Tae  Board  of  Directors  who  are  managing 
these  mines  are  continued  in  power  by  the 
proxies  given  them  by  the  partiea  in  whose 
namea  the  stock  stands.  As  the  most  of  the 
stock  ia  in  the  name  of  the  brokers.  It  is  evi- 
dent that  they  are  furnishing  the  power  with 
which  they  are  destroying  their  business. 
There  oan  be  no  healthy  condition  of  mining 
shares  until  the  preaent  wholesale  looting  of  the 
mines  ia  stopped. 

Why  should  manipulatorB  make  a  market  to 
sell  their  goods  when  they  can  get  all  there  is 
in  the  mines  through  their  mill  system  and  all 
the  money  the  people  have  through  their  Boards 
of  Directors  and  the  assessment  system.  A 
crnmb  is  occasionally  thrown  to  the  brokers 
just  sufficient  to  keep  them  from  absolutely 
starving  and  keep  them  from  getting  restleBS 
under  the  laah. 

That  the  brokers  connected  with  the  stock 
exchanges  here  are  so  blind  to  their  interests 
aa  to  continue  in  power  those  who  are  constant- 
ly destroying  and  rendering  valueless  the  very 
properties  upon  which  they,  the  brokerj*,  are 
dependent  for  their  income,  ia  beyond  the  un- 
derstandiug  of  any  reasonable  man. 

Would  the  New  York  Board  of  Brokers,  or 
any  other  board  of  brokers  in  the  world,  stand 
listlesp,  and  without  remonatiauce  or  reaistance 
permit  any  board  of  directors  of  any  organiza- 
tion liated  and  daily  dealt  in  by  them  wreck 
and  ruin  the  property  intrusted  to  them  and 
wreck  and  ruin  the  people  who  trusted  them  with 
its  management  ?  Would  they  aid  such  board  or 
boards  of  directors  by  lending  them  their  prop- 
erty, or  that  of  tbeir  cu&tomers,  with  which  to 
carry  out  their  nefarious  schemes?  We  think 
not,  but  it  is  done  constantly  here  in  San  Fran- 
cisco with  the  mining  companies  on  the  Com- 
stock lode.  There  certainly  never  was  any- 
where in  the  world  such  a  condition  existing  as 
exists  in  stock  circles  here  to-day. 
If  a  discovery  ia  made  on  the  Comstock  with 


money  received  as  aBsessments  on  stookholdera, 
the  ore  contained  therein  goes  to  the  enrich- 
ment of  the  mill-ownerp,  and  In  some  instances 
further  assessments  are  levied  to  take  the  ore 
out. 

More  Cruisers  to  be  Built  Here. 

Bids  for  over  $5,000,000  were  opened  at 
Washington  at  the  Nivy  Department,  on  Tues- 
day, for  the  construction  of  new  war-ships. 
The  Union  Iron  Works  of  San  Franciaoo,  bid 
$3,100,000  for  armored  cruiser  No.  2,  according 
to  the  Government  specificationa,  William 
Oramp&Son  of  Philadelphia,  bid  $3,150,000 
and  the  Risdon  Iron  Locomotive  Works,  San 
Francisco,  $3,450,000,  For  the  construction  of 
the  vessel  according  to  their  own  plans  the 
Union  Iron  Works  bid  $3,000,000  and  the 
Cramps  $2,985,000. 

The  Union  Iron  Works  bid  $1,796,000  for 
cruiser  No.  6,  according  to  the  G-overument 
specificationa,  and  $1,760,000  according  to  their 
own  specificationa.  Thia  is  a  veaael  of  5500 
tons.  She  will  be  330  feet  long,  53  feet  beam, 
and  draw  21  feet  6  inches.  The  apeed  must  be 
21  knots.     The  vessel  will  be  built  of  steel. 

The  big  armored  cruiser  No..  2  ia  an  8100  ton 
veaael.  She  belongs  to  the  class  of  swift  cruia- 
erB  and  is  very  close  to  a  battle  ship  in  that 
she  is  provided  with  a  moderately  heavy  armor 
belt,  besides  a  protective  deck.  Her  armor 
will  be  about  four  inchea  thick  and  the  curved 
protective  deck  will  be  six  inches  thick.  She 
will  be  armed  with  six  8  inch  and  twelve  4  inch 
breech-loading  rifles.  Her  engines  will  develop 
16,000  indicated  horse-power  and  a  apeed  of 
twenty  knots  an  hour.  Her  dimenaions  are: 
Length,  380  feet;  extreme  breadth,  64  feet  2^ 
inchea;  depth  in  hold,  41  feet  3  inches. 

The  Secretary  of  the  Navy  has  referred  the 
plane  to  the  Chief  Naval  Constructor  and  Chief 
Engineer,  who  will  shortly  report.  It  ia  gener- 
ally believed  that  both  the  vessels  will  be  built 
by  the  Union  Iron  Works  in  this  city.  This 
will  be  quite  a  triumph  for  the  Pacific  Coast 
and  for  the  energetic  managers  of  the  Union 
Iron  Works. 

Retorting   and   Melting. 

{Continued  from  pnge  S9S.) 
at  the  bottom  of  the  p^n.  Aa  aoon  as  a 
bar  is  ponred,  the  discharge  apout  is  stopped 
with  a  plug  of  bone-ash  until  sufficient 
bullion  has  accumulated  for  another  bar.  After 
the  first  bar  baa  been  melted,  the  succeeding 
ones  can  be  melted  and  poured  at  intervals  of 
about  15  minutes  each,  bullion  and  charcoal  be- 
ing piled  on  top  as  fast  as  necessary. 

Aa  an  actual  fact,  one  man  can  easily  melt 
aix  bara,  of  about  4500  ouncea  troy  each,  and 
have  hia  furnace  empty  In  two  hours  from  light- 
ing the  fire. 

The  advantages  of  this  style  of  melting  over 
orncibles  are  obvious,  and  it  has  alao  an  ad- 
vantage over  the  reverberatory  furnace  in  that 
the  melting  is  done  by  a  reducing  flame  in- 
stead of  an  oxidizing  one,  thus  avoiding  the  loss 
of  silver  by  oxidization. 

Two  blast  tuyeres  pass  through  the  water- 
back  and  the  blast  ia  aupplied  by  a  Root  blower. 
A  blower  of  suitable  capacity  and  an  e^^ctra  pan- 
bottom  are  supplied  with  each  furnace.  These 
fnrnacep,  and  also  the  retortf,  are  built  by  the 
Fulton  Iron  Worka  of  thia  oUj. 


Milling  at  Pachuca. — E.  C.  Van  Blaroom 
has  resigned  hia  position  as  superintendent  of 
the  Hacienda  de  San  Francisco  (quartz-mill)  at 
Pachuca,  Mexico.  In  the  future,  Mr.  Van 
B  arcom  proposes  to  pay  more  attention  to  con- 
anlting  engineering,  making  a  specialty  of  mill- 
ing. Prom  Mr.  Van  Blarcom  we  learn  that  the 
Hacienda  de  San  Francisco  haa  been  quite  suc- 
cesBful,  silver  ores  carrying  only  ten  ounces  per 
ton  being  worked  to  a  profit.  At  Pachuoa,  coal 
costs  $19  20  per  ton,  salt  $48  per  ton,  and  sul- 
phate of  copper  10  cants  per  pound.     The  sue- 

cesa  of   thia  mill  speaks  well  for  the  process 

"  Boss  Continuous  "—and  alao  for  the  ability 
of  Mr.  Van  Blaroom  aa  a  manager  and  amal- 
gamator. Fjr  the  present,  Mr.  Vin  Blarcom 
will  make  hiB  hea(?quarters  in  Pachuca. 


Bullion  Shipped.— AUx.  Wise  last  week 
shippped  two  bars  of  bullion  from  the  Hum- 
boldt reduction  work?,  Ndv.  This  was  the 
first  ahipment  of  bullion  from  the  works  since 
1882,  but  it  ia  expected  that  regular  shipments 
will  be  made  henceforth. 


June  14,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


401 


In  tlie  High  Sierra. 

Darloglut  Bammer  a  pirty  of  four  yoaog 
meo  from  the  Uaivertity  of  CkliforoU,  viiited 
the  high  Sterra  on  a  vaoattoQ  trip.  They  have 
told  their  experience!  ia  the  Occident,  a  college 
weekly  coodooted  by  the  etudeota,  and  from 
thit  narrative  we  make  some  eitraote.  They 
went  by  atoamer  to  Siockton,  and  by  rail  to 
Milton,  where  they  took  stage  to  the  old 
mining  camp  of  Cjlambia,  near  Sinora.  The 
re»t  of  the  trip  wa?  made  on  foot,  oamplng  oat 
along  the  road.  At  the  end  of  a  week  they 
reached  Like  Eleanor,  the  tirat  noteworthy 
place  on  the  trip.  Therr,  also,  they  entered 
the  region  of  country  covered  by  their  map,  of 
which  a  alight  sketch  Is  here  presented,  to  g've 
a  general  idea  of  the  looition  of  the  chief 
points  of  interest  noticed.  The  dotted  lines  in- 
dicate the  trails  followed,  and  the  round  dots 
show  some  of  the  prinoipal  camps. 

Eleanor  is  one  of  the  larger  of  the  numeroas 
mountain  lakes  of  that  regiop,  being  some  three 
or  fonr  miles  long.  L^ke  most  of  the  others,  It 
is  hemmed  in  by  monntaina,  except  at  the  low* 
er  end,  where  there  is  quite  an  extensive 
meadow,  oovered   with  rioh  grass   and   bright 


THB    -ALPS"    LOOKING    S.    E.     PROM     MT.    LYALL,     MT.     HITTER     IN     CfcJNTER. 


the  two  roates  to  Mb.  Dina.  Arriving  there, 
the  ascent  of  the  mountain  was  made.  This 
ascent  is  easy,  as  there  Is  Httle  danger  from 
dislooated  falling  rock",  and  there  is  very  little 
real  hand*and-foot  climbing  to  be  done.  Leav- 
ing the  peak,  the  party  paesed  on  throogh  the 


low  na.  At  last  we  stood  on  the  solid,  ioy 
anont  of  the  glacier  itself.  The  whole  upper 
surface  was  oovered  with  anow,  but  small  rills 
had  out  shallow  channels  which  dieolosed  the 
solid  ioe  beneath.  It  appeared  treacherons  to 
the  footing,  the  glare  from  the  surface  was 
truly  dazzling,  and  there  was  almost  a  mile  of 


^"-^^ 


SKETCH    MAP    SHOWING    POINTS    OP    INTHRBST    IN    SIERRAS. 


fljwers,  and  an  occasional  dense  clamp  of  wil- 
lows. Tbis  meadow  oooupiea  the  left  of  the 
view  here  shown,  which  is  looking  up  the  west- 
ern shore  of  the  lake  from  near  the  outUfc. 

After   a    pleasant   day    here,  the  young  men 
went    oD    to    Hitob-Hitchy,  a  valley   which    is 


Sierras  to  Mono  Lake,  and  returned  to  Soda 
Springe  for  provisionB,  where  two  more  young 
men  joined  them.  They  went  on  and  camped 
near  the  foot  of  Mount  Lyell,  starting  the  next 
morning  at  5  o'clock  for  the  summit,  anxious 
to  see  the  "  living  glacier  "  they  had    heard    ao 


it  for  us  to  olimb  over.  We  were,  however,  pre- 
pared for  every  emergency ;  our  shoes  were 
well  provided  with  nails,  and  a  handkerchief 
tied  around  the  head  and  bunched  a  little  un- 
der the  eyes  protected  them  from  the|  glaring 
light. 
Small    rills    soon    began    to    appear    every. 


was  some  danger  of  falling  into  the  snow- 
covered  crevices  of  the  tee.  Bat  alt  was  ac- 
complished in  safety. 

Concerning  the  pinnacle,  the  Geological  Sur- 
vey report  says:  "  Tbecnlmtnating  point  was 
ascended  by  Brewer  and  Hoffmann;  but  they 
were  unable  to  reach  the  summit,  which  was 
found  to  be  a  sharp  pinnacle  of  granite,  rising 
up  above  the  snow  at  a  point  estimated  to  be 
150  feet  from  the  top."  We  found  it  an  ex- 
tremely haztrdoQS  olimb.  The  rook  was  bro- 
ken into  huge  pieces,  which  did  not  seem  to  be 
very  securely  bound  together.  First,  we  passed 
up  what  in  common  parlance  la  called  a  "hog's 
back."  A  false  rock,  falling  to  the  left,  would 
have  hurled  us  along  with  it  to  the  bottom  of 
the  precipice,  over  a  thousand  feet  below;  fall- 
ing to  the  right  would  have  trundled  us  over  its 
sharp  fellows  down  to  the  Lyell  glacier.  At 
times  one  would  cry  to  our  heaviest  and  most 
adventurous  man:  '*Is  that  rock  safe,  D.  ?  " 
More  than  once  half  of  us  resolved  that  It  was 
foolhardy  to  make  the  attempt,  but  some  new 
and  safer  way  was  always  found.  Now  on  the 
back,  now  on  the  stomach,  under  shelves  and 
around  narrow  ledges,  reaching  ahead  for  a 
finger-tip  hold,  pulling  the  body  cautiously  up, 
was  the  only  method  of  oUmbtng.  Sometimes 
a  narrow  gully  offered  theohanoe  to  wedge  up 
by  a  eaocessive  expansion  of  elbows  and  knees. 
A  slip  and  all  would  be  over,  but  we  were  too 
oareful. 

At  last  we  stood  on  the  summit — the  first 
party  to  make  the  complete  ascent  since  1885. 
The  view  from  Dana  is  brilliant — that  from 
Lyell  is  sublime.  To  the  aouth — behold  1  'tis 
the  "Alps  of  California."  Range  after  range, 
pionaole  after  pinnacle,  in  absolute  confusion. 
Hundreds  of  peaka  riae  into  perpetual  snow, 
terrific  canyons  intervening.  Chill  crags,  scar- 
red and  serrate,  point  their  weird  fingers  to 
the  sky.  Glistening  glaciers  project  their  dirt- 
banded  Buonts  into  lakes  of  greenish  white. 
These  abound  everywhere.  Consplouously  they 
rest  upon  the  brinks  of  granite  benches,  and 
seem  as  pure  and  divine,  almost,  as  Is  the 
beamlesB  air  about  us.  And  over  all  dead 
silence  reigns  supreme.  It  waa  chilling,  pain- 
ful, inanimate — a  great  relief  followed  the  first 
utterance  of  the  human  Toloe.  Away  to  the 
westward  Mt.  Diablo  just  appeared  through  a 
curtain  of  smoke,  a  striking  contrast  to  the 
heavenly  purity  of  the  atmosphere  whioh 
bathed  the  peaks  about  us.  The  necessity  of 
reaching  oamp  before  dark  compelled  our  early 
departure,  but  not  until  we  had  followed  the 
example  of  the  seven  who  had  already  left 
their  names  on  the  eammlt,  did  we  make  the 
start. 

It  was  1  P.  M.  The  sun  waa  shining  hotly  on 
our  heads,  the  melting  snow  was  freezing  our 
feet.  As  we  hurried  rashly  along,  £>.,  who  was 
in  advance  aa  usual,  suddenly  almost  disap- 
peared from  sight.  We  guesaed  it  all — he 
had  fallen  through  a  bridge  of  snow  into  a  cre- 
vasse, the  one  objeot  to  be  feared  in  all  glacier 
traveling.  A  camera  was  slung  over  his  shoul- 
der, and  this  probably  eaved  hia  life.  It  caught 
upon  one  edge  of  the  crack,  his  left  arm  rested 
on  the  other.  He  waa  hanging  there  as  if  piv- 
oted over  the  crevasse,  whioh  was  two  or  three 
feet  wide,  and  how  deep  ?  A  stout  stick  waa 
immediately  placed  under  his  arms,  and  he  was 
pulled  out  in  less  time  than  it  takes  to  describe. 
It  waa  a  miraculous  escape.  We  could  gaze 
down  between  the  beryl-like   blue  walla   of  ice. 


LAKE    ELEANOR. 


ON    THB    MOUNT    LYALL    GLACIER. 


not  rich  in  natural  wonders  compared  with  the 
Yosemite,  but  still  very  interesting  to  visit. 
The  Sugar-Loaf  and  the  Hitch-Hitchy  fall,  with 
the  attendant  cliff,  are  the  most  notable  feat- 
ures. From  here  they  went  to  Yosemite  valley, 
where  they  remained  nine  days,  visiting  all  the 
pointa  of  interest. 

From  here  they  took  the  lesser  frequented  of 


much  about.     After   much   exertion  (they  aay 
in  the  narative): 

We  found  ourselvea  at  the  foot  of  the  ter- 
minal moraine  of  the  glacier,  an  elongated 
curved  pile  of  rocks  piled  together  in  a  oon- 
fuaed  heap,  some  30  or  40  feet  in  hight.  We 
olimbed  it  with  the  greatest  of  care,  so  as  to 
prevent  the  insecurely  poised  rooks  from  roll- 
ing over  and  crushing  those  who  might  be  be- 


where,  and  level  places  were  already   becom- 
ing soggy. 

We  haatened  to  take  advantage  of  what  so- 
lidity there  was  yet  remaining  to  the  surface, 
but  before  the  top  waa  reached,  we  found  the 
walking  extremely  laborioua.  At  every  step 
we  would  sink  down  from  three  or  four  inches 
to  a  foot,  slide  back  a  little,  and  then  with 
greater  effort,  urge  ourselvea  upward  over  the 
ronghened,  billowy  surface.     Then,  too,   there 


but  oould  see  no  bottom;  probably  It  extended  to 
the  bottom  of  the  glacier,  here  said  to  be  a  hun- 
dred feet  in  thickness.  After  that  we  tied  onr- 
selvea  together  with  a  rope,  as  is  seen  in  the 
photo-facsimile.  Later  on,  aa  we  were  clam- 
bering down  the  moraine,  a  massive  atone  waa 
dieplacedj  whioh  came  thundering  down  upon 
those  below,  but  happily,  fate  waa  again 
averted. 
No  other  acoidenta  occurred  during  our  re 


402 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[June  14,  1890 


tarn,  and  exoepfcing  for  the  fact  that  two  ot 
the  boys  who,  having  neglected  to  take  the 
proper  precaution  to  protect  their  eyeB,  were 
partially'  snow-blinded,  we  had  cause  to  be 
thankful  to  the  spirit  of  the  mountains  which 
had  guarded  our  fortunes  throughout  the  day. 

ExMbit  of  Minerals. 

The  State  Board  of  Trade  has  decided  to  »dd 
a  collection  of  minerals  to  the  exhibit  in  *'Oili- 
foroia  on  Wheels,"  and  also  in  the  rooms  of  the 
board.  The  following  letter  was  this  week  for- 
warded to  the  various  affiliated  counties: 
"*  We  respectfully  urge  all  counties,  Chambere 
^f  Commerce  and  local  Boards  of  Trade,  having 
mineral  resources  in  their  respective  localitier, 
to  make  aa  exhibit  at  the  rooms  of  this  board 
and  on  "California  on  Wheels." 

It  is  our  wish  that  this  part  of  the  exhibition 
be  as  varied  and  extensive  as  possible,  in  order 
that  it  may  be  made  one  of  the  prominent 
features.  This  is  a  matter  of  great  importance. 
California,  so  rich  in  mineral  wealth,  should 
not  be  without  a  representation  of  the  jewels 
that  have  made  her  famous,  and  still  conscitute 
her  the  wonder  of  the  world.  Information  re- 
garding packages  and  forwarding  cheerfully 
furnished  on  application.     Raspectfully, 

A.  Camiketti, 
Secretary  State  Board  of  Trade. 
The  board  also  contemplates  the  issuing  of  a 
companion  book  to  the  *•  Fruit  Industry  of 
California,"  under  the  title  of  the  "Mining 
Industry  of  California."  In  order  to  do  so,  in- 
formation is  needed  as  to  the  mineral  resources 
of  every  county.  A  request  has  been  sent  to 
the  boards  of  trade  in  in  every  county  in  the 
State  asking  for  an  exhaustive  description  of 
the  mineral  resources  of  each  portion  of  the 
State. 

These  are  steps  which  should  have  been  long 
since  taken  and  should  result  in  great  benefit 
to  the  mining  indnstry.  It  Is  to  be  hoped, 
however,  that  proper  judgment  will  be  exer- 
cised in  the  matter  of  the  pamphlet,  so  that  it 
will  not  be  too  voluminous  or  too  "puffy"  and 
that  all  our  mineral  industries  will  be  consid- 
ered. While  our  principal  mining  Is  for  gold, 
there  are  30  or  40  other  substances  mined  for  in 
this  State,  and  in  nearly  all  of  them  more 
could  be  done  than  is  now  the  case. 

There  is  plenty  of  available  material  for  such 
a  pamphlet,  but  its  compilation  should  be  in- 
trusted to  some  one  perfectly  familiar  with  the 
subject  and  who  oan  exercise  suitable  judg- 
ment as  to  what  to  reject.  Oar  mineral  re- 
sources are  sufficiently  important  to  bear  in- 
vestigation, and  it  is  better  that  no  exaggerated 
statements  of  any  kind  should  appear.  A 
properly  compiled  pamphlet  would  be  of  great 
utility,  and  all  branches  of  mining  should  re- 
ceive attention. 


New  Incorporations. 

The  following  companies  have  been  incorporated, 
and  papers  filed  in  the  office  of  the  Superior  Court, 
Department  lo,  San  Francisco : 

Anti-Caloric  Co.,  June  6.  Object,  to  manu- 
facture, use  and  sell  non-conducting  materials  and 
substances,  and  establish  warehouses  for  cold  stor- 
age purposes  in  this  State.  Capital  stock,  $500,- 
000.  Directors— J.  C.  Cebrian,  Wm.  Fores,  W. 
Hanson,  Frank  McLaughlin  H.  M.  Hanmore, 
Percy  F.  Morgan  and  G.  C.  Morgan. 

Golden  Gate  Land  Co..  June  6.  Capital 
stock,  $1,000,000.  Directors  —  Behrend  Joost, 
John  Foley,  William  A.  Dawes,  John  H.  Ryan. 
Rudolph  Mohr,  Fabian  Joost,  Frederick  C.  Siebe, 
Henry  Geilfuss,  W.  H.  Nolan,  P.  A.  Lux  and  Otto 
Fauss, 

Alameda  M,  &  M.  Co.,  June  11.  Location, 
California.  Capital  stock,  $100,000.  Directors — 
J.  A.  Hall,  J.  E.  Shea,  J.  T.  Landregan,  PhiHp 
Monroe  and  W.  C.  Wright. 

EsTEELLA  Vineyard  Co.,  June  ri.  Capital 
stock,  $250,000.  Directors — S.  W.  Ferguson,  B. 
Marks,  H.  C.  Campbell,  M.  i--.  Hudson  and  J.  H. 
Barnard. 

Standard  Watch  &  Diamond  Co.,  June  11. 
Capital  slock,  $50,000.  Directors — J.  J.  Bryan, 
Leon  Carreau,  J.  H.  W.  Harris,  C.  T.  Swain 
and  J.  O.  Scott. 

Capital  Investment  Co.,  June  11.  Capital 
stock,  $100,000.  Directors — H.  P.  Sontagp,  J. 
N.  Knowles,  E.  R.  Lilienthal,  Leon  Sloss  and  M, 
J.  Newraark. 

Accumulation  &  Investment  Co.,  June  11. 
Capital  stock,  $150,000.  Directors — C.  O.  G. 
Miller,  H.  M.  A.  Miller.  John  Coop,  E.  C.  Hutch- 
inson,  J.  W.  Butler,  J.  D.  McKee  and  W.  J.  Mor- 
gan. 

The  Alaska  Mill  &  Mining  Co.  has  applied 
to  the  Superior  Court  for  a  dissolution  of  the  cor- 
poration, which  was  formed  Dec.  i,  1861,  with  a 
capital  of  $10,000,000  in  100,000  shares.  The  di- 
rectors are:  j,  D.  Fry,  Edgar  Mills,  E.  W.  Hop- 
kins S.  L.  Jones  and  William  Alvord. 

Pacific  Iron  Works,  June  3.  Capital  stock. 
$300,000.  Directors— Ira  P.  Rankin,  Willis  G. 
Dodd,  John  Taylor,  John  R,  Cross  and  S.  O.  Put- 
nam. 

Chesapeake  Oyster  Co,,  May  28.  Object, 
to  engage  in  the  culture  and  sale  of  fish  and  in  the 
canning  industry.  ^Capital  slock,  $30,000.  Di- 
rectors— W.  S.  Stevens,  Thos.  F.  Morrison,  C.  H. 
Wood  and  C.  E.  Frefmao, 

National  Electric  Development  Co.,  June 
4.  Directors— G.  A.  Davis,  J.  C.  Turner,  H.  C. 
Miller,  C.  D.  Gushing  and  C.  J.  Fallon. 

Gold  and  Silver  Extraction  Co.,  June  4. 
Directors— Thos.  Price,  H.  A,  Powell,  Arthur  F, 
Price,  H,  J.  Owen  and  L.  F.  Koch. 


WORTHINGTON  STEAM  PUMPS! 

TSfill  Contract  to  Pnmp  any  Elevation  at  One  Lift. 

We  are  pumping  through  one  continuous  line  of  pipe  U4  miles  long  against  a  pressure 
equal  to  3500  feet  elevation. 

WE  HAVE   MORE  PUMPING    CAPACITY 

5UPPL.yiN6     WATER     WOKKS 

Than  all  other  Manufacturers  Id  tbe  United 
Stales  ConiibtDed. 


WE  BUILD  PUMPS  FOR  EVERY  PURPOSE 

FOR  WHICH  PUMPS  ARE  USED, 

And  against  pressures  up  to  8000  pounds  per  square 
inch. 

Send  for  Illustrated  Catalogue. 


PaclBc  Coast  Sales  ^gent, 
NOS.    59   AND   61    PIEST   STREET,.  -    -    -    DONAHUE   BUILDING, 

ALSO  AGENT  FOR  THE 

NATIONAL    WATER     PURIFYING    COMPANY, 

Having  the  largest  Artificial  Plants  in  the  United  States  in  operation  in  Philadelphia  and  Chattanooga, 
having  changed  the  nest  best  system,  in  several  instances,  to  the  National.    Any  capacity  guaranteed. 


IMPROVED  FORM  OF  HYDRAULIC  GIANTS. 


THE  ABOVE  CDT  ILLUSTRATES  THE  IMPROTBD  FORM  OF  DOUBLE-JOINTED  HY- 
DBAUIiIC  GIANTS  which  we  manufacture.  We  guarantee  purchasers  of  this  form  of  Giants  against  all 
costs,  expenses  or  damages  which  may  arise  from  any  adverse  suits  or  actions  at  law.  We  are  further  prepared  to 
furnish  Single-Jointed  Giants  when  required.  Prices,  discounts  and  Catalogues  of  our  specialties  of  Hy- 
draulic Mining  Machinery  sent  on  application. 

JOSHUA  HENDY  MACHINE  WORKS,  39  to  51  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco. 


Sj^^v'es     itfl:oi\r:E3 


BY    USING 


WATER  POWER  TRANSMITTED  BY  ELECTRICITY 

To  Run  your   Mills,   Hoists   and   Trams. 

For  Ciroular  Riving  particulars  send  to 

KEITH    ELECTRIC    CO., 


—  MANOFAOTUEEES  OF  - 


aratus  for  Electric  Light  and  Electric  Power 

OFFICE,  40  NEVADA  BLOCK, 

Factory.  Stevenson  St.,  bet.  First  and  Eoker.  SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 


IBON  WORKS 


THE    ATLAS    ORE    CAE 


J.  B.  JARDINE, 

General  Manager, 

Cor.  Napa  and  Louisiana  Sis., 
PO'RERO, 

Manufacturers  and  Builders  o 
an  klDOa  of 

Mill  &  Mining  MacMnery, 

Indicators,  Steam  Engines,  Steam  B  iters. 
Water  Wheels,  Hoisting  EoEiuea,  Hoisting 
Wurk**.  Hoisting  Derrick',  Boom  Darri  ks. 
Coal  Wiochss,  Hoists  and  Elevators,  Dredg- 
ers, Excavators  and  Ditching  Machines. 

Tb's  car  is  lined  with  steel,  and  will  dump 
right  or  left.    Has  steel  axles. 

CONTRACTORS^  IWACHINERY 

A  Specialty. 


tdlicatiopal. 


If  you  want  a  first-class  thorough  School,  and  a 
pleasant,  refined,  safe  home  for  your  boys,  send 
them  to 

HOPKINS  ACADEMY, 

Oakland,  CaUfornla. 
NEXT    TBKM    BEGINS  AUGUST  6,  1890. 
Send  for  Catalogue  to 

yv.  W.  ANDKB80N,  Principal. 


THE    PIONEER    COMMERCIAL    SCHOOI. 


LIFE  SCHOLARSHIPS,  $75. 

No  Vacations.  Day  and  EvBNiNa  Sbssiomb. 

Ladles  kdmltted  into  all  Departments. 
Address:    T.  A.  ROBINSON.  U.  A..  President 


BUSINESS     OOLLEGE, 

24  POST  ST.,  8.  P. 

FOB  SEVENTT-FIVE  DOLLARS  THIS 
College  Instructs  Id  Shorthand,  Type  Writing,  Book- 
seeping,  Telegraphy,  Fenmuiship,  Drawing,  all  the  fin- 
BTlish  branches,  and  everything  pertaining  to  huslneaa, 
for  six  full  months.  We  have  sixteen  teachers,  and  give 
lDdivi<.iual  instruotion  to  all  our  pupils.  Our  sehool  haa 
Its  graduates  in  every  part  of  the  State. 


rSBUlD  FOa  CiROULAK. 
a.  8.  RALET,  Secretory- 


E.  P.  HEALD.  PreBldent. 


School  of  Practical,  Civil,  Mechanical  and 
MINING  ENGINEERING, 

Snryeylns,  ArcUtecmre,  Drawing  and  Assanng 

728    MARKET    STREET, 

The  History  Building,  San  FaAHCiBCO,  Cal. 

A.  VAN  DER  NAILLEN,  President. 

Assaying  of  Ores,  $26;  Bullion  and  Chlorination  Assay, 
825;  Blowpipe  Assay,  §10.    Full  course  of  assaying,  |50. 

iS'Send  for  circular. 


of 

ASSAYING    AND    CHEMISTRY, 
Rooms  46  &  47,  1628  MoDtaomery  St. 

2d  Floor  Montgomerj-  Bl'k.  j"       Han  FranciecOi 
Also,  Evening  Classes,  7  to  10  o'olock. 

JOHN  T.  EVANS.  M.  A.,  PrincipaL 


HORACE  D.  RANLETT, 

Ores,  Mining,  and  Commission, 

420  Montgomery  St..  S.  F. 

Ships  under  advances  to  smelting  works  in  Boston, 
N'ew  York,  Baltimore  and  Liverpool. 

Twenty-one  years'  experience  in  Shipping  Ores  and 
Managing  Mines. 

Solicits  Coueignments  of  Copper  Produce  and  Manage- 
ment of  Min'ng  Matters. 

All  businessconductcd  on  Cash  Basis. 

Purcliage  and  shipment  of  Miiilnt;  Supplies  A  Spbcialtt. 

Sales  of  Developed  Copper  Mines  undertaken. 

Business  Manager  of  U.nION  COPPER  MINE,  Copper- 
opolis.Cal,;  NEWTON  COPPERMINE,  Amador  Co.,  Cal. 


H.  M.  RAYNOR, 

No,  25  Bond  St., 
NEW  YORK, 


ESTABLISHED 
1859. 


FOR  ALL 


Laboratory 


Manufacturing  Purposes. 

Wholesale  and  Retail, 
He^vj  Platinum  and  Scrap  purchased. 

Paul's  Dry  Amatgamating  Barrel  Process. 

The  uiidergigoed  is  prepared  to  erect,  or  furnish  drafts 
for  t  reeling,  machinery,  albo  iiistructions  for  working 
ores  by  the  new  patented  DRY  AMALGAMATING 
BARRKL  PROC'Sd.  I  asseit  the  ability  to  overcome 
EVERY  difficulty  connected  with  amalgamating  the 
precious  meta's,  more  especially  goIJ.  and  to  add  from 
25  to  ICO  per  cent  to  ihe  FREE  GOLD  yield  of  any  mill 
working  WET.  Being  the  original  inventor  of  dry  amal- 
gamation. I  hive  spent  over  20  years  perfecting  the  sys- 
tem, now  brought  to  a  wonderfully  eflicient,  inexpensive 
and  practical  one:  I  caution  all  parties  against  infringe- 
ments.   For  further  particulars,  address 

ALMARIN  B.  PAUL, 
Middle  Creek  P.  O.,  Shasta  County,  California. 


JoNB  14,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


403 


t 


Coast  Industrial  Notes. 

TifB  Utat  Watch  Faitorv,  Sid  Diego 
couut] ,  tarued  out  >Ks  Bret  w^vcn  rdoODtly. 

Thk  loggers  upon  Paget  eouad  hftve,  it  ia 
Mtimated,  out  ftod  rafted  this  seaaoo  about 
:120,000.000  feet  of  logs. 

Lak<:k  qaantities  of  lumber  are  being  sent 
by  r&tl  from  Ticomi  to  the  Ktst  at  present,  in 
addition  to  water  shipment. 

Say.s  the  Pasadena  X(ar-  Los  Aogeles  county 
■ends  annually  to  foreign  inarketo  fully  $;~>0,000 
for  bntter  and  cheese.  This  Is  disgraoulully 
wrong.  We  can  and  should  produce  every 
poand  needed  for  home  oonaumption,  bat  are 
too  lazy  to  do  it. 

TuK  new  brick  company  has  bonded  a  large 
portion  of  Carter's  ranch,  bordering  on  the 
water-front  of  VilUjc,  Solano  oounty.  and  will 
soon  commeooe  operations.  The  whole  coun- 
try is  filled  with  the  finest  clay,  and  this  indos> 
try  promises  to  surpass  all  others  In  that 
vicinity. 

TiiK  Tacoma  Mill  Co.  has  cat  a  timber  of  ex- 
traordinary length  for  a  schooner  now  being 
bailt  at  this  pore.  It  is  clear  lumber  134  feet 
long,  24  inches  wide  and  18  laohea  thick.  Two 
feet  were  cat  from  the  stick,  aa  it  was  too 
long,  anfl  it  was  then  i;V2  feot  long  and  con- 
tained 4750  feet  of  lumber,  board  measure. 
This  is  charged  $100  a  thousand,  eo  that  the 
stick  will  cost  the  owoera  of  the  schooner  $475. 

TnK  CUluatro  Company  has  been  aold  to  an 
Eaglisb  syndicate  for  $300,000.  This  company 
began  in  the  moat  bumble  way.  Tne  wonderful 
article  was  diacovered  by  Mrs.  Emma  P.  Ealls, 
on  her  ranch  near  Calistoga,  Napa  Co.,  Cal. 
She  formed  a  company  of  womeu  to  put  it  on 
the  market.  Ooe  of  the  moat  remarkable 
thinga  of  this  enterprise  was  the  discovery  of 
the  great  variety  of  nses  to  which  this  article 
ooald  be  put. 

Arthur  Bhown,  superintendent  of  bridges 
and  baildinga  tor  tiie  Southern  Pacific  Co.,  will 
again  go  over  the  Central  Fioific  to  the  Sierra 
to  look  after  the  work  of  repairs  to  the  anow- 
sheds  which  is  now  going  on.  This  season's  re- 
piirs  to  the  40  miles  of  eheds  will  coat  fully 
$250,000.  Damaged  aecttona  are  baing  rebuilt 
and  timbera  are  being  taken  out  and  replaced 
to  put  the  sheds  in  first-olass  condition  for  the 
coming  winter. 

The  Attorian  aaya:  It  ia  reported  that  a  belt 
of  20,0U0  acres  of  timber  land  in  the  vioinity 
of  Bjotc  Lake,  in  the  southern  part  of  the  State 
ana  tributary  to  the  Klamath  river,  has  been 
sold  to  a  New  York  syndicate  at  S12S0  per 
claim  of  160  acres,  and  that  the  eame  syndicate 
had  bonded  SO.OOO  acres  of  very  choice  land  in 
the  same  eectiou  for  S12  par  acre.  A  large  por* 
tion  of  this  timber  land  was  filed  on  by  Cali- 
fornia parties.  Gen.  Ruasell  A.  Alger  ia  one 
of  this  syndicate. 

An  aptary  on  wheels  is  one  of  the  latest  in- 
novations  in  this  State.  A'ter  the  foothills 
have  been  pastured,  the  bee-herder  moves  his 
bees  to  a  higher  elevation,  where  the  Industri- 
ous inaects  gather  the  nectar  stored  in  the  bloa- 
soms  of  wild  clover,  chaparral,  maczanita  and 
other  plants,  and  ^^hen  these  have  been  re- 
lieved of  their  aaccharine  matter  the  baea  are 
again  moved  to  a  still  higher  elevation,  where 
flowers  peculiar 'to  the  region  yield  up  their 
sweets  to  them.  Migratory  bee-keeping  ia  said 
to  be  a  Bucoesa. 

At  the  marble  quarry  in  Inyo  county,  30 
carloads  of  marble  ure  now  ready  for  abipment. 
D.fifeieut-colored  marbles  are  in  the  lot,  and  all 
of  them  are  very  handsome.  The  new  mill  on 
the  Truckee  river  ia  rapidly  approaching  com- 
pletion and  in  a  few  weeks  will  be  ready  for 
work.  The  mill  is  within  such  easy  reach  of 
S»n  Francisco  that  dealers  and  marble-workers 
need  not  carry  large  stocks,  but  can  give  their 
orders  at  the  office  of  the  company  in  San 
Francisco  and  have  them  tilled  aa  promptly  aa 
though  the  marble  waa  kept  in  stock  in  the 
city.  The  beautiful  marbles  of  thia  quarry  are 
now  so  well  known  that  there  will  be  plenty  of 
demand  for  them  as  soon  aa  the  mill  is  in 
operation. 

The  North  Beach  and  Misalon  street-car 
line  will  aoon  be  substituted  by  a  cable  road  at 
an  estimated  cost  of  $2,000,000  for  changes  In 
equipment  and  construction  of  road-bed.  The 
system  extends  from  Etat  street  to  California 
avenue,  at  the  extreme  southerly  end  of  Folaom 
street,  and  the  cross-town  route  begins  at  Biy 
street  and  passes  along  Mason  to  Montgomery 
avenue,  to  Broadway,  to  Dupont,  to  Pacific,  to 
Kearny,  to  Geary,  to  Stockton  and  to  Fourth 
'  btreet,  where  it  terminates  at  Townaend.  The 
other  department  of  the  road  extends  from 
Eist  and  Market  atreeta,  up  California  to 
Kearny,  where  it  ia  to  join  the  line  from  North 
Bjach,  The  present  line  from  Montgomery 
street,  down  California  to  Battery,  and  along 
First  to  Fjlaom,  will  alao  be  operated. 
Michael  Skelly,  superintendent  of  the  road, 
has  stated  that  the  work  of  conatmction  will 
begin  early  in  the  fall,  and  once  begun  will  be 
completed  aa  faat  as  poaaible.  The  eqnip'ment 
will  not  be  eurpaaaed  by  any  other  line  in  the 
city.  The  engine-houaea  are  to  be  located  on 
the  corner  of  Fourth  and  Lduisi  streets  and  on 
the  west  side  of  Folaom,  between  Army  street 
and  California  avenue. 

It  is  not  generally  known  outaide  of  the  trade 
what  a  difference  exists  between  the  redwood 
products  of  the  two  great  sonrces  of  supply, 
Mendocino  and  Hamboldt  counties.  The  lat- 
ter, owing  to  Ub  naturally  rioher  soil,  which 


has  stimulated  and  forced  the  growing  tree  to 
supreme  efforts,  produces  a  more  porous,  softer 
and  ooarser*graiued  wood.  It  ia  on  that  ac- 
count more  easily  worked  and  recommends 
itself  to  millmen,  who  prefer  the  kind  tbat 
*'  rips  "  up  mottt  easily  and  have  nothing  to  do 
with  the  question  of  possible  durability.  Its 
very  size,  coo,  brought  about  aa  mentioned  by 
the  richness  of  the  soil,  enables  clear  boards 
of  greater  wllth  to  be  sawn  out  of  a  Hum* 
boldt  than  a  Mendocino  log — that  ir,  aa  a 
ruls — aod  conetquently  it  fetches  about  $1  ner 
thonsand  more  I. >  the  local  market.  S?me  Ea- 
glisb buyers,  on  the  other  hand,  prefer  Meodo- 
oino  redwood  as  a  tioer  timber,  while  the 
Australian  market,  which  calls  for  clear,  wide 
boards  principally,  la  mostly  aapplled  from 
Ilamboldt. 

MiLLKK&Lux,  the  Southern  Pacific  Company 
and  Piiilip  i).  Armour  of  Cbioago  are  prepar- 
ing tae  plani  for  the  erection  of  a  million- 
dollar  slaughter-house,  packing-house  and  cold- 
storage  house  combined,  which  ia  to  be  of 
sctfijient  aiza  to  aupply  not  only  the  entire  Pa- 
cific Coast  with  dressed  and  packed  meat,  but 
is  to  reach  out  for  business  in  British  Cjlumbia 
and  other  countries  where  there  is  a  prospect 
for  a  market.  The  land  east  of  the  present 
railroad  line  and  south  of  dunter's  point  is 
largely  owned  by  Miller  &  Lax,  and  it  is  oo 
this  tract,  near  the  Fjurtuen-Mile  Honee,  that 
the  packicg-house  will  be  constructed,  pro- 
viding the  other  arrangements  are  completed. 
Such  a  site  will  afford  ready  access  to  rail  and 
water  and  will  be  far  enough  away  from  the 
city  to  preclude  any  opposition  being  made. 
The  new  company  has  two  aeparate  plana  com 
bined  in  the  one  great  scheme.  It  ia  proposed 
in  the  first  place  to  supply  the  coast  with 
freah  meat  of  all  descriptiona,  drawing  cattle 
and  other  animula  from  Cilifornia,  Nevaia, 
Oregon,  Idaho,  Utah,  Cjlorado,  Arizona,  New 
Mexico  and  Texas.  This  meat  will  be  dreatied 
here  and  placed  in  cold  storage,  being  shipped 
in  lots  to  suit  in  a  similar  manner.  This  ia 
the  basis  on  which  the  beef  busiaess  of  the 
East  ia  carried  on,  and  the  new  company  con- 
templates the  absorption  or  retirement  of  all 
the  Butohertown  eatablishments.  The  seoond 
branch  of  the  business  will  bd  the  packing  of 
beef  and  pork  on  the  same  soale  aod  plan  ai  it 
is  done  in  the  E  tat. 


Our  Agents. 

Our  Frtbnds  can  do  much  In  aid  of  oar  paper  and  the 
cause  of  practical  knowledge  and  science,  by  osslsttDg 
AjteDts  in  their  labors  ofcaDvossing,  by  lending  their  in- 
Buenoe  and  encouraging  favors.  We  intend  to  send  none 
out  worthy  men. 

J.  C.  HOAQ — San  Francisco. 

R.  O.  Bailbt— San  Francisco. 

Samdki,  Cliff— San  Luis  Ubiapo  Co. 

C  J.  Wads— San  Bernftrdino  Co. 

W.  W.  TnROBALDB— Lo8  Aogeles  and  Orange  Go's. 

E.  B.  Tai-t— San  Joaquin  Co 

JOUN  B.  Hill— Sao  Diego  Co. 

E.  H.  ScHARFPLK— Placer  and  Nevada  Cos. 

Frank  S.  Chapin— Yolo  and  S  .lano  Cos. 

Jf  HN  R.  BoYcK — Alameda  Co. 

W.  B.  Frobt- Merced  and  Stanialaug  Co's. 

Gbo.  WiLSoM— Sacramento  Co. 

H.  Krllby — Modoc  and  Lassen  Cos. 

H.  B  Pakkkr— Del  Norte  Oo. 

Wm.  M.  Hillkart — Oregon. 

H.  0.  Parsons— Oregon, 

R.  O.  Huston — Montana. 


Harqua  Hala  Mines. — A  half-interest  in 
the  Bjuatzi  firoup  or  miaes  in  the  Harqua 
Hala  district,  110  miles  northwest  of  Picejix, 
Arizona,  has  been  eold.  The  property  wat 
owned  bv  Frank  Kirkland  and  Thomas  Coch- 
rane of  Phteiix,  who  receive  S37  500  for  their 
interests.  The  new  owners  of  coe  property  are 
A.  G.  Hubbird  and  G  W.  Bjwers  of  Califor- 
nia and  C.  H.  Gay  of  Pi  teaix,  who  are  said  to 
represent  heavy  capitaluta  m  D3nver.  The 
properties  consist  of  seven  claims,  and  are  the 
same  about  which  there  was  much  exoitenoent 
a  year  ago  at  the  richness  of  the  croppings. 

A  Gas  Explosion  occurred  on  Sunday  in  the 
east  croHBcnc  of  Lhe  750  foot  level  of  the  Cliol- 
lar  mine,  on  the  Oomstook,  by  which  Roger 
Pandergast  and  Wm.  Owen  were  severely 
burned.  The  men  employed  about  the  mine 
are  entirely  at  a  loss  as  to  how  the  gas  got  into 
the  drift,  as  it  is  a  new  drift  with  new  timber- 
ing. The  only  theory  ia  that  there  is  a  orevica 
from  some  old  drift  leading  into  this  one. 


The  Norton-Cook  Pratt  Co. — This  com- 
pany has  established  icself  in  the  large  store  at 
221  and  *223  Market  street.  The  members  of 
the  company  have  had  long  experience  in 
handling  sawmill  and  wood-working  machinery, 
and  will  represent  several  well  known  Eastern 
manufacturers  of  these  specialties.  Thty  will 
furnish  estimates  of  the  cost  of  wood-working 
plants  of  any  kind  on  short  notioe. 

Don't  Fail  to  Write. 

Should  this  paper  l)e  received  by  any  subBcriber  who 
doea  not  waut  it,  cr  hvi/ouU  Ike  tintf  Ite  inlcndfi  to  jmu 
/iir  (■(,  let  liim  not  fail  to  write  hs  dhx  t  to  !-toi»  it.  A 
postal  card  (coatine  one  cent  only)  wi  1  s  Hice.  Wc  will 
uot  knowingly  sen'l  tlie  paper  to  any  one  who  does  Dut 
wish  it,  but  if  it  is  contiuiied,  tbroiigh  the  failure  of  tlie 
BubEcriher  to  uotify  ui  to  discontinue  it,  or  soma  ine- 
spoosible  party  reiiiicstcd  to  stop  it,  we  shall  j'ositivelv 
demand  payment  tor  the  time  it  is  sent.  Look  c,\REi-'llLLV 
AT  TilK  LABEL  ON  VOUIt  PAl'ER. 


Mechanics'  Fair.  —  The  grooH  receipts  of  the 
24  fairs  held  by  the  Mdohanics'  lastitute  of  this 
city  have  been  $1,182,496,  and  the  net  profit 
S447,000. 


FOtt    SALE -AN    ONYX    MINE    IN    SAN 
Bernardino  County,    only    about  three   niiljo   ft- 
Railroad.     I>own  grade  from  mioe  to  the  road.    Price, 
J5000.  NOLAN  &  SMITH, 

34  North  Spring  Street,  Loa  Angolts,  Cal. 


Complimentary  Samples. 

Persons  recelrlog  this  paper  marked  are  re- 
quested to  examine  its  contents,  term  of  sub- 
soription,  and  give  (t  their  own  patronage^  and 
aa  far  aa  practicable  aid  in  otroulatiog  the 
journal,  and  making  its  value  more  widely 
known  to  others,  and  extending  its  influence  in 
the  cause  it  faithfully  serves.  Subscription 
rate,  $3  a  year.  Extra  copies  mailed  for  10 
osQta,  if  ordered  soon  enough.  If  already  a 
snhiiorlhAr.  plnasA  ahnw  the  pap^r  to  nthflra. 


THE  ROLLER  ORE  FEEDER 


(Patented  Hny  S8, 1SSS.1 


Dewey  &  Co.'s  Scientific  Press 
Patent  Agency. 


Tina  Is  the  best  and  cheapest  Ore  Feeder  now  In  uae. 

It  has  fewer  parts,  requires  less  power,  is  simpler  in 
adjustment  than  any  other.  Feeds  coarse  ore  or  soft  clay 
alike  uniformly,  under  one  or  all  the  stamps  in  a  battern 
as  required. 

In  the  Bunker  Hill  Mill  it  hag  run  continuously  for  two 
years,  never  having  been  out  of  order  or  coating  a  dollar 
for  repairs. 

Golden  State  and  Miners'  Iron  Works, 

Sole  Manufacturers, 
S27  First  Street.  San  Francisco.  C*»l. 


Our  U.  S.  and  Foreu:n  Patknt  Aoenc? 
presents  many  and  important  advantages  aa  ■ 
Home  Afjency  over  all  others,  by  reason  of  lonft 
establishment,  great  experience,  thorough  sys* 
tern,  intimate  acquaintance  with  the  subjects  ol 
inventions  in  our  own  community,  and  our 
most  extensive  law  and  referenoe  library,  con- 
taining official  American  and  foreign  reports, 
Qles  of  ecientifio  and  mechanioal  publications, 
etc.  All  worthy  inventions  patented  through 
our  Agency  will  have  the  benefit  of  an  illustra- 
tion or  a  description  in  the  Mining  and  Scien- 
tific Press,'  We  transact  every  branch  of 
Patent  buBiuess,  and  obtain  Patents  in  all  coun- 
tries which  grant  protection  to  inventors.  The 
large  majority  of  U.  S.  and  Foreign  Patents 
issued  to  inventors  on  the  Pacific  Ooast  have 
been  obtained  through  our  Agency.  We  can 
give  the  beet  and  most  reliable  advice  as  to  the 
patentability  of  new  inventions.  Our  prices 
are  aa  low  as  any  first-class  agensiea  in  the 
Eaatem  States,  while  our  advantages  for  Pacific 
Coast  inventors  are  far  superior.  Advice  and 
Oironlars  free. 

^    DEWEY  &  CO.,  Patent  Agents, 
220  Market  St.,  Elevator,  12  Front  St.,  S.  F. 
Telephone  No.  658. 

k,  T.  DEWEY.         W.  B.  EWER.        GEO.  H.  STRONG. 


FRISBEE-LUCOP  MILL  CO., 

MANUFACTDRBRS    OP 

Centrifugal  Roller  Steel  Mills, 

FOR  PULVERIZING  ORES,  WET  OR  D3Y, 

For  Amalgamation  or  Concentration,  and  for  Manufacture  of  Cement,  Fertilizer3,Paint, 
and  all  other  purposes  for  whicli  grinding  or  pulverizing  is  required. 

Send  for  Catalogue  and  Price  List  to 

FRISBEB-LUCOP    MILL    CO., 

145    BROADWAY,    NEW    YORK. 


Rock  Drilling  and  Air  Compressing 
Machinery 

For  TUNNELS,  QUARRIES.  MINES,  RAILROADS 

And  Wherever  Ore  and  Bock  are  to  be  Drilled  and  Blasted, 

tS"  SBtIO    POK    NEW    CATAI.O0UE    OP     1889.   TES 


RAND    DRILL  CO., 

23  Park  Place.  New  York.  U.  S.  A. 


Holland's  Corrugated  Woolen  Belt  Ore  Concentrator 


Will  91V0  tn-^io  fiofi  gold  and  fliur  quick  than  ony  concentrator  ever  mado.  Will  aMo  concentrate  cinoahar  and 
calo  a  ores  peifectlv  and  wiDli  o  -ODi'my.  The  invention  ie  now  and  poasissea  nil  the  adva-itapci  of  the  old  blanket 
svstcm  whilj  avoiding  Its  (aulta  bv  the  use  of  the  Corrueated  Woolen  Belt,  which  Ih  thoroughly  cleaned  by  meaoa 
of  a  TLVolvin  <  hrush  uoone^ted  aud  opurated  with  the  machine.  It  is  simple  in  construcrion  and  cion  -t  get  out  of 
ov^er.    Small  power  is  required  to  run  it. 

Price  of  Ooncentrator  for  Ten-Stamp  Mill,  $1000;  for  Five-Stamp  Mill,  $600. 

ForCircuiata  address  H.  P.   HOLLAND,   2322  Folsom  street,   San  Francisco,  Cal, 

Concontratora  on  exhibition  at  WILLIAMS  &  ORTON'S,  Maoufacturera,  315  Miealon  St.,  S.  F. 


402 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[June  14,  1890 


THE     PELTOIT     "WATER     "WHEEL    THE  GATES 

ORE  AND  ROCK  CRUSHER 


GIVES    THE    HieHEST    EFFICIENCY    OF    ANY    WHEEL    IN    THE    WORLD. 


^^^I^s*^"* 


--^'V 


"X 


OVER  800  ALREADY  IN  USE. 

A£forda  the  Most  Simple  and  Reliable  Power  for  all 
Mining   and   Manufaotaring   Machinery. 

Adapted  to  heads  ranning  from  20  up  to  2,000  feet. 

From  12  to  20  per  cent  better  results  guaranteed  than 
can  be  produced  from  any  other  Wheel  in  the  Country. 

ELECTRIC  TRANSMISSION. 

Power  from  these  Wheels  can  be  transmitted  long 
distances  with  small  loss,  and  is  now  extensively  used  in 
all  parts  of  the  coantry  for  generating  both  power  and 
light. 

APPLICATIONS 

Should  state  amount,  and  head  of  water,  power  required, 
and  for  what  purpose  ;  with  approximate  length  of  pipe  ; 
also,  whether  the  application  is  with  reference  to  Whkeh 
or  Motors  described  below.     SEND  FOR  CIKCULARS. 

The  Pelton  Water  Wheel  Co. 

121  MAIH  ST.,  SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAI. 

Varying  from  the  fraction  of  1  up  to  15  and  20-hor8e  power.     Uoequaled   for   all   light-running   ma'shinery.     Warranted  to  develop  a  given 
amount  of  power  with  one-half  the  water  required  by  any  other,     m-  SEND  FOR  MOTOR  CIRCULAR.     ADDRESS  AS  ABOVE."^ 


THE  MOST  IMPORTANT 
IMPROVEMENT 

That  Has  Ever  Been  Made  in  This  Class 
of  HacMnery. 

ir  WILL  DO  MUCH  FINER  WORK 

Than  Any  Other, 
AND  AT  ONE-HALF  THE  COST  IN  WEAR. 


The  Pelton  WaterWheel  Co. 

121-123  MAIN  STEEET, 

GBNBRAI;   WESTERN  AGENTS. 


NOTICE  TO  GOLD  MINERS!         Justinian  caire. Agent, 

521  &  523  Market  St.,  San  Francisco, 


mmm  iiLEHiTi  um 


—BBALBR    m— 


Assayers'  and  Mining  Material. 


-MANUPACTURKR    OF- 


IN   QUARTZ,  GRAVEL,  OR  PLACER  MINES.  MADE  OF  BEST  SOFT  LAKP      UPBBIOR  COPPER 

.A.T     H.m>XJOESI>     I»H.IOE!JS. 

Oar  platea  are  guaranteed,  and  by  actual  experience  are  proved,  the   beej  in  weight   of  Sil-  BATTERY  SCREENS  AND  WIRE  CLOTH 

ver  and  durability.     Old  Mining  Plates  Replated,  Bought,  or  Gold  Separated.    THOUSAJSDS  

OF    ORDERS    FILLED. 

SAN    FRANCISCO    NOVELTY,  GOLD,  SILVER    AND    NPCKEL    PLATING  WORKS,  ^«°t  *«  HOSKINS' 

1 08  and  1 1 2  First  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.  HTDKO-CABBON    ASSAY  FURNACES 

^  SEND  FOR  CIRCULARS. 


fcfflstaritiMer  Scale  EfiSBliBiil 

tf^ThiaRBHolventlS  NOT  AN  EXPERIMENT  but  a  FACT,  and  it  will  do  the  work 
cUimed  for  it  at  a  LESS  EXPENSE  than  any  other  boiler  purge,   AND    IN    NO    MANNER 

INJURE    THE    IRON. 

Carnbgie  Brothers  &  Co.,  Propribtors  op  Edgar  Thomson  Stbbl  Work8,  > 
PiTTSBDROH,  Pa.     Worrb  AT  Eraudock.  Oct.  4,  lSa7.      ) 

We  ua«  the  Pitt9burg:h  "Boiler  Sciile  Resolvent, "  and  are  well  satisfied  with  the  results  obt\ined  We  have 
tested  neatlj  all  Compouads  presented  to  us,  and  this  one  1b  the  only  good  tlilog  we  have  ever  used. 
Our  feed-water  is  heated  in  Berryman  Heateia,  bub  owing  to  distance  of  heaters  from  boilers,  we  rarely  exceed  150 
degrees  of  heat  in  feed-water. 

Oar  water  is  of  the  worst  character,  containing  such  bad  impurities  as  sulphate  of  lime,  carbonate  of 
lime,  mud,  and  everything  that  Is  bad.  Veiy  truly  yours,  WM.  R.  JONES,  Gen.  Supt. 

No  water  in  the  United  States  produces  scale  in  greater  quantity  or  of  a  harder  nature  than 
the  Monongahela  River,  containing  SULPHATE  and  CARBONATE  of  Ume,  iron,  MAGNESIA, 
SILICATE,  SULPHUR,  ALUMINUM,  etc.  The  following  well-known  manufacturers,  who 
are  large  steam  users  IN  PITTSBURGH,  and  using  the  water  from  said  river  as  hoiler-feed  for 
all  their  boilers,  USE  THIS  RESOLVENT  in  their  steam  plant,  and  to  whom  reference  is  hereby 
made:  Carnegie  Brothers  &  Co.,  Proprietors  of  the  Edgar  Thomson  Steel  Works;  Dilworth, 
Porter  &  Co. 's  Spike  Works;  and  Oliver  and  Robert's  Wire  Co. ;  and  many  other  firms  in  the 
great  manufacturing  center  WHERE  THE  RESOLVENT  IS  MADE.  Reference  is  also  given 
to  Robert  McMahon,  Boiler  Inspector  for  Alleghany  Co.,  Penn.,  and  to  the  following  Railway 
Companies  who  use  it  on  their  locomotives:  Kansas  City,  Fort  Scott  &  Gulf  Railroad;  Oentral 
Iowa;  Mexican  Central; Delaware,  Lickawannafe  Western;  Burlington,  Cedar  Ripids&  Northern, 
Terre  Haute  &;  Indianapolis;  Mexican   National;  and  Danver  &  Rio  Grande  Western. 

Upon  receipt  of  order,  WITH  THE  PROMISE  OF  FAITHFULLY  CARRYING  OUT 
THE  PRINTED  DIRECTIONS,  we  will  furnish,  FOR  FIRST  INTRODUCTION,  a  Barrel, 
or  Half  Barrel,  of  the  Resolvent,  and  the  invoice  will  bear  the  following  stamp: 

j  TO  BE  PAID  FOR  WHEN  RESOLVENT! 
I  PROVES  ENTIRELY  SATISFACTORY.  J 


FOR  SALE  ONLY  BY 


TATUM    &    BOWEN 


Sole  Agents  for  the  Pacific  Ciast, 

Dealers    in    Iiiiproved    Wood-Working    Machinery, 

Saw  Mill  MacMnery,  Engiies,  Boilers,  Iron-WorMng  Macllnerr,  SniIies,  Etc, 

Sole  Agents  for  Hoe  Chisel  Tooth  Saw.   Gardner  Governor, 

Schultz  Leather  Belting,  Etc.,  Etc. 

34  &  36  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco.        85  Front  St.,  Portland,  Or. 

tc^lf  in  want  of  Machinery  of  any  description,  write  us  for  Descriptive  Circulars  and  Prices. 


DEWEY  &  CO.  {"^Si^vifo^.Yal^rbfi.''}  PATENT  AGENTS. 


Vulcan  Iron  "Works, 

135-145  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco,  Oal. 

Mining  Machinery.  Steam  Engines. 


STAMP  BATTERIES, 

PANS  AND  SETTLERS, 

ROCK  BREAKERS,  ETC.,  ETC. 


SAW-MILL  -| 

cable-road     ymachinery. 
refrigeratingJ 


Special  Machinery  to  Order. 

^ 

AERIAL    WIRE    ROPEWAYS. 

(Vulcan  Patent  System) 

SINGLE,   ENDLESS    TRAVELING   ROPE. 

Elevated  on  Wooden  Posts,  from  150  to  2000  feet  apart, 
conveying  Buckets  of  Ore,  Coal,  Wood,  etc. 


No  Possibility  of  Il.oad  Slipping:. 

Cheapest  Form  of  Transportation. 


No  road  needed;    can  be  run  vertically.    No  power 
needed  if  angle  of  descent  be  more  thanS  degrees. 


CAX   SPAN   GULCHES   3000   FEET  WIDE. 


Day's  Improved  Qnartz  Stamp  Mill. 

This  Mill  is  designed  for  the  Prospector,  the  Assayer  and 
Sampler  of  Gold  and  Silver-bearing  rock.  It  is  a  perfect  mill, 
builc  entirely  of  metals,  and  of  the  best  mechanical  eonstruc- 
tion;  -will  amalgamate  perfectly  in  the  battery  or  on  plates. 
It  strikes  a  sharp,  heavy  blow  with  a  light  stamp.  Shipping 
weight,  225  lbs.    Price  S75.    Address 

ATI.AS    IRO»f    WORKS,  Cor.  Mapa  and  I.oni8iana 
Streets,  Potrero,  SAN    FRANCI9CO,  CAI^. 

N.  B.— Chapparell.  Butte  Co.,  Cal.,  Nov.  10, 1889.— Mr.  Jas. 
Day,  Chico:  The  little  mill  Is  a  daisy:  it  comes  up  to  all  ex- 
pectations; it  works  perfect  in  all  respects.    Yours  truly, 

Walkek.  Rehse  &  Co.    ' 


Smelter  For  Sale  or  Exchange. 

One  50-ton,  wrought  iron,  water-jacket  Smelting  Fur- 
nace (36"x60"  at  the  tuyeres)  of  the  latest  design,  wi'h 
Crusher,  Blower,  Boiler,  Pumps,  Engines,  Tools,  and 
everything  complete  for  immediate  delivery,  and  only 
used  about  six  months.  Cheap  for  cash,  or  will  exchange 
for  interest  in  a  Lead-Silver  Mine,  or  erect  in  any  mining 
eamp  that  will  guarantee  a  certain  output.  For  further 
particulars  address  Box  2S,  Blkhom,  Montana. 


WM.  H.  OONLY, 

Agent  and    Company   Promoter. 

Land  and  Mining  Properties  a  Specialtj^ 
124  SANSOMB  STREET,  Rooms 21  and  22, 

Telephone  No.  5017.  SAN  FRANCI300. 


Jqne  H,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


403 


AMAICAMATINC  MACHINERY. 

stamp  Mills  lor  Wet  or  Dry  Crushing. 
Huntington  Centrllugil  Quarti  Mill.  Drring 
Cylinders.  Amalgamating  Pans,  Settlers, 
Agitators  and  Concentrators.  Retorts,  Bul- 
lion and  Ingot  Moulds.  Conveyors.  Elevators, 
Bruckners  and  Howell's  Improved  White's 
Roasting  Furnaces.  Etc. 


FRASER  &  CHALMERS, 

MINING  MACHINERY 


CONCENTRATING  MACHINERY. 


iMPRovEo  CORLISS  va^u'v^e'sV^Im  ENGINES.     •%     BOILERS 


Blake,  Dodgeand  Comet  Crushers.  Cornish 
Crushing  and  Finishing  Rolls.  Harlz  Plunger 
and  Collom  Jigs.  Frue  Vanner  &  Embrey 
Concentrators.  Evans',  Calumet,  Collom's 
and  RIttenger's  Slime  Tables.  Trommels, 
Wire  Cloth  and  Punched  Plates.  OreSam' 
pie   Grinders  and  Heberie  Mills. 


HORIZONTAL,    VERTICAL 
.  .  .  AND  SECTIONAI . 


l^JMCE^ltOV^D     SXS.a.IMC     m'FM.ViaL^^ 


Hoisting  Engines, 
Safety  Cages, 

Safety  Hooks, 

Ore  CARS,  Water&Ore 
BUCKETS, 

Air  Connpressors, 

Rock  Drills,  Etc. 

GENERAL  MILL  AND 
MINING  SUPPLIES,  ETC. 
Sectional  Machinery 

FOR 

MULE-BACK 

TRANSPORTATION. 


Pumping  Engines 

and  Cornish 

Pumping  Machinery, 

IMPROVED 
WATER    JACKET 


'...■•  ^  ^ 

Blast  Furnaces  for 
Caiena&,  Copper  Ores, 

■i^^tli 

0^. 

SLAG  CARS  AND  POTS, 

m 

Roots  &  Baker 
Pressure  Blowers, 

ji. 

SUSPENDED 

TRAMWAYS, 

General  Offices  and  Works:     FULTON  AND  UNION   STS.,  CHICAGO,   iLL. 


NEW  YORK,  Room  43,  No.  2  Wall  St.        DENVER,  COLO.,   1316  Eigllteenth  St.       SALT  LAKE   CITY,  UTAH, 
7  W.  Second  South   St.       LONDON,  ENC,  23   Bucklerebury,  E.  C.       CHIHUAHUA  CITY,    MEXICO,  No.  I  I 
LIMA,  PERU,  South  America.        JOHANNESBURG,  TRANSVAAL,  South  Africa. 

HK1.ENA,  MONTANA,  Koom  »8,  Merchants'  Natrunal  Bank  BaildlDg,  No.  Nortli  Main  St. 
SOLB    -WESTERN    AGENTS    FOR    TYLER    WIBB    'WGBKS    DOUBLE    ORIMPBD    MINING    OLOTHS. 


BRANCH  OFFICES 

Oalle  de  Juarez 


ffletalllirgy  apd  Ore^. 


SELBY 

SMELTING  and  LEAD  CO.. 

416  Kontgomery  St.,  San  Francisco. 

GOLD    AND    SILVER    REFINERY 
And  Assay  Office. 

Higheat  Prices  Paid  for  Gold,  Silver  and 
Lead  Ores  and  Snlphnreti. 

HAffUPlOTORBRJI  OP 

BLUESTONE, 

LEAD  PIPE, 

SHEET  LEAD, 

SHOT,  Etc.,  Etc. 

ALSO  UANCFAOTUREKi    OP 

Standard    Shot-Gun    Cartridges, 

UoOor  ChamberliD  PatonL 


JAMES    LBFFBL'S 

Mining  Turbine  Water  Wheel. 

These  Wheels  are  desired  for  all  purposes  where  limited  quantities  of  water  and 
high  heads  are  utilized,  and  are  guaraDteed  to  give  more  power  with  less  water  than 
any  other  wheel  made.  Being  placed  on  horizontal  shaft,  the  power  is  transmitted 
direct  to  shafting  by  belts,  dispensing  with  gearing. 

Estimates  furnished  on  application  for  wheels  specially  built  and  adapted  in 
capacity  to  suit  any  particular  case. 

Further  iotormation  can  be  obtained  of  this  form  of  coDstructioo,  as  well  as  the 
ordinary  Vertical  Turbines  for  Wooden  Peaetocks  and  in  Iron  Globe  Cases,  free  of  cost, 
by  applying  to  the  manufacturers. 


JAMBS 
Springfield,  Ohio, 


LEFFEL    &    OO., 

or  110  Liberty  St.,  New  York. 


FRASER    &    CHALMERS,  General  Agents, 

Chicago,  111.,  and  Denver,  CoL 

PARKE    &    LACY,  General  Agents,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


BALDWllT  LOCOMOTIVE  "WORKS. 


ANNUAL  CAPACITY  800.        ESTABLISHED  1831. 


LOCOMOTIVE   ENGINES! 

Adapted  to  everj'  variety  of  service,  and  built  accurately  in  standard  gauge-s  and  templates.    Like  parts 
of  ditl'erent  engines  of  same  class  perfectly  interchangeable. 

Broad  and  Narrow  Gaage  I.ocomotives,  Mine  Locomotives  by  Steam  or  Compressed  Air,  Plantation   ^ 
Locomotives,  Koiseless  ilotors  for  Street  Railways,  Furnace  Locomotives,  etc. 

BURNHAM,    PARRY,   WILLIAMS   &   CO.,   PROPRIETORS,   PHILADELPHIA,   PA 


«-«^g 


PRACTICAL 

Books  on  Mining 

AND  IRRIGATION. 


Descriptive  Catalogue  and  Circulars  of  Books  relating 
to  Assaying,  Mining,  Electricity  and  Mechanical  Engineer- 
ing, sent  free  on  application. 

E.  &  F.  N.  SPON,  Publishers, 

12  Cortlandt  St.,  New  York. 


The  Best  Mining  District 

On  the  Pacllic  Cuast  ! 

GRASS   VALLEY,  CAL. 

THE  BEST  NEWSPAPER   publLshed   in   the  district  is 

Daily  and  Weekly  edition.  Gives  all  the  Mining  News. 
Dealers  in  Mining  Machinery  and  Mining  Supplies  will, 
find  THE  TIDINGS  the  be&t  medium  for  directly  reach- 
ing the  owners  or  managers  of  mines.  Investors  in 
mines  will  find  it  to  their  advantage  to  subscribe. 

Many  mines  are  in  successful  operation,  and  new 
enterprises  are  being  instituted  and  many  others  are  m 
contemplation. 

DAILY.  S6  00  a  year:  WEEKLY,  §2  50,  in  advance. 
H.  S.  SPAULDtNG,  Publisher. 

T.  C.  HOCKING,  Editor.  

INVENTORS.      TAKE       NOTICE  1 

L.  petersonTmodel  maker, 

258  Market  St.,  N.  E.  cor.  Front  (up  stairs),  San    FrancsIco 
Experimental  machinery  and  all  kinds  of  models.  Tin 
and  brasswork.    All  communications  strictly  confiden- 
tial. 


HOISTING  ENGINES  FOR  MINES 


1,2,  or  4  Drums,  with  Reversible  Link 
Motion  or  Pat.  Improved  Friction. 


MADK  ONLY    BY   THK 


UDGERWOOD  M'F'G  CO.. 

96  Liberty  St.,  New  YorK. 

34  and  86  West  Monroe  St.,  ChlcaBo. 

107  to  203  Congress  St,  Boston. 

PACIFIC    COAST    AGENTS, 

PARKE  &  LACy  CO.,  San  Francisco. 

Send  for  Catalogue. 


Cno  CilPQAIf  IftlPQ  of  all  kinds,  apply  to 
run  CNUnAwinU«  Dewey  EngnvluK  Com- 
ptliy,  Ho,  aiO  Uwket  atieet,  Sao  Fiudsco. 


THOMAS  PRICE  &  SON, 

Assay  Office,  Chemical  Laboratory, 

BULLION  ROOMS  and  ORE  FLOORS, 

524  Sacramento  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

COIN  RETURNS  ON  ALL  BULLION  DEPOSITS  IN  24  HOURS. 

WORKING    TESTS    OF    ORES    BY    ALL    PROCESSES. 

SPECIAL  ATTENTION  PAID  TO  CONCENTRATION  OF  ORES, 

Ores  Received  on  Oonsignment,  Sampled,  Assayed,  and  Disposed 
of  in  the  Open  Market  to  the  Highest  Bidder. 


JOHN  TAYLOR  &  CO.. 

IHPOKTBKB  AND  DBALHHS  IN 

ASSAYERS'    MATERIALS,    MINE 
AND  MILL  SUPPLIES, 

ALSO  CHEMICALS,   AND    PHYSICAL,  SCHOOL    AND 

CHEMICAL  APPARATUS. 
63  Si  65  First  St.»  cor,  MlsstontSaa  Franclaoo. 

Ay--::^      We  would  call  the  attention  of  ^ ^^==ri 

'  '      Aesayors,  Chemists,  Mining  Com-  ^^^^^^^i^y 
paniea,  Milling  Companies,  Pros-    ^BWTERSEy 
pectors,  eto.,  to  our  full  stock  of      ^=:z^::^ 
Balances,  Furnaces,    Mutfiee,  Crucibles,    Soori- 
Sers,    etc.,   Including,   also,  a   full    stock    of 
Chemicals. 

Having  been  engaged  in  furnishing  these  sup* 
plies  sinoi  the  first  discovery  of  mines  on  the 
Pacific  Coast,  we  feel  confident  from  our  experi- 
ence we  can  well  suit  the  demand  tor  these 
goods,  both  as  to  quality  and  price. 

Agents  for  the  Alorgau  Craclble  Co.. 
Bftttersea,  England.  Also  for  E,  Q.  Dennis- 
ton's  Silver  Plated  Amalgam  Plates.  The  plates 
of  this  well-known  manufacturer  are  thoroughly  relia- 
ble, and  full  weight  of  Silver  guaranteed.  Ordeia  taken 
at  bis  lowest  prices.  Our  Illustrated  Catalogue  and  Ae 
say  Tables  sent  free  on  application. 

JOHN  TAYLOR  A  OO. 


Nevada  Metallurgical  Works. 

NO.  23  STEVENSON  STREET, 

Near  First  and  Market  Streets,  S.  F. 

C.  A.  Ldokharot,  Manager.  Ebtablishid  1800, 

Ores  worked  by  any  ProoeBS. 
Ores  Sampled, 

ABsaying  in  all  Ita  BrancheB, 
An^lyBes  of  OreB,  MineralB,  Waters,  eto. 
Working  Tests  (practical)  Made, 
FlanB  and  Specifications  furnished  for  the 
most  suitable  Procesa  for  Working  Ores. 

Special  attention  paid   to  Examinationa   of 
Mines;  Plans  and  Reporta  furnished. 

O.  A.  LUOKHARDT  &  OO., 
(Formerly  Huhn  &  Lu^khardt, 
Mlulmr  Enelneera  and  MetaHurfirtata 


GREAT    REDUCTION! 

BATTERY    SCREENS. 

Best  and  Cheapest  In  America. 

No  imitation,  no  deception,  no  planished  or  rotteo 
Iron  used.  Only  genuine  Russia  iron  in  Quartz  Screens. 
Planished  iron  screens  at  nearly  half  my  former  rates. 

I  ha\e  a  large  supply  of  Battery  Screens  on  hand 
suitable  for  the  Huntiugton  and  all  Stamp  Mills,  which  I 
will  soil  at  20  per  nent  discount. 


PERFORATED  SHEET  METAL 

For  Flour  and  Rice  Mills,  Grain  Separators,  Revolving 
and  Shot  Screens,  Stamp  Batteries  and  all  kinds  of  Mln 
Ing  and  Milling  Machinery.  Iron,  Stee),  Copper,  Brass. 
Zinc  and  other  metals  punched  for  all  uses. 

Inventor  and  Manufacturer  of  the  celebrated  Slot  Cut 
or  burred  and  Slot  Punched  Screens. 

Mining  Screens  a  specialty,  from  No,  1  to  15  (fine). 
Orders  promptly  attended  to. 

San  Francisco  Pioneer  Screen  Works, 

231  &  223  First  St.,  Saxi  Francisco*  Cal. 

JOHN  W.  QUICK,  Proprietor. 


WINCHESTER  HOUSE. 


41  Third  Street, 


San  Francisco,  Cal, 


This  Fire  proof  Brlfli  Building  ia  centrally  located,  in 
the  liealthiest  part  of  the  city,  only  a  half  blocit  from  the 
Grand  and  Palace  Hotels,  and  close  to  all  Steamboat  and 
Hailroad  unices. 

Laundry  Free  for  the  use  of  Pamilies. 

HOT  AND  COLD  BATHS  FB£E. 


Terms,  Board  and  Room,  $1.00  per  Day 

And  Upward; 

Booms  with  or  without  Board, 

Free  Coach  to  the  Honie 


406 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[June  14,  1890 


% 


IQarket  JXepof^ts. 


Local  Markets. 

San  Francisco,  June  12,  i8go. 
In  the  general  market,  trade  the  past  week  has 
been  quiet,  the  traffic  being  in  grass  and  hay.  A 
very  active  campaign  is  looked  for  this  fall.  With 
higher  prices  for  silver,  wheat  will  go  higher;  barley 
will  do  belter,  owing  to  a  light  crop.  Fruit  and 
garden  truck  are  being  marketed  at  good  prices, 
and  last,  but  by  no  means  least,  the  mines  promise 
a  larger  out-turn  than  for  several  years  past. 

The  iron-molders'  strike  is  being  a  thing  of  the 
past.  The  city  authorities  should  give  non-union 
molders  the  protection  to  which  they  are  entitled. 
Our  foundrymen  are  turning  out  first-class  work  and 
in  short  order,  too. 

The  money  market  is  reported  easy,  but  bankers 
are  looking  ahead  for  a  free  call  for  funds  later  on 
to  move  the  wheat  crop.  In  real  estate  continued 
activity  is  reported.  An  attempt  appears  to  b'^ 
made  to  galvanize  mining  stocks  into  life,  but  w;hetb- 
er  on  merit  or  to  sell  stocks  remains  to  be  seen. 

MEXICAN  DOLLARS— The  market  has  besn 
strong  throughout   the  week,  under  firmer  holding. 

The  market  for  Mexican  dollars  has  held  strong 
at  8iJ^c@82C. 

SILVER—  The  House  of  Representatives  passed 
the  Conger  Silver  bill,  with  two  or  three  amend- 
ments. When  sent  to  the  Senate  it  was  ordered  to 
be  printed  and  then  to  be  laid  on  the  table.  The 
Finance  Committee  reported  ihe  Conger  or  House 
bill  with  free  coinage  after  silver  reaches  par,  the 
legal  tender  clause  of  the  note,  and  the  bullion  re- 
demption clauses  having  been  struck  out.  It  now 
looks  as  if  the  Senate  will  pass  a  bill  which  will  call 
fof  a  conference  when  they  will  agree  on  a  free 
coinage  bill,  or  else  a  bill  looking  to  free  coinage 
in  the  near  future.  This  is  what  the  country 
wants,  and  which  will  be  insisted  upon,  and  the 
political  party  that  defeats  it  will  undoubtedly  be 
defeated  at  the  next  Congressional  election.  There 
are  too  many  industries  aside  from  mining,  the  pros- 
perity of  which  depend  upon  the  free  coinage  of  sil- 
ver for  it  to  be  ignored  any  longer.  When  the 
House  passed  ihe  Conger  bill,  silver  made  quite  a 
jump  in  London,  at  the  East,  and  here,  but  fell 
back  slightly  on  Tuesday.  The  market  is  exceed- 
ingly sensitive. 

The  local  silver  market  has  held  steady  at  $r.o6. 
Mint  prices.  The  offerings  have  been  fair.  Lon- 
don cables  come  through  today  at  48d. 

QUICKSILVER— Receipts  the  past  week  aggre- 
gate 81  flisks.  The  market  continues  very  strong 
at  full  prices,  with  a  good  demand  reported. 

BORAX  —  Receipts  the  past  week  aggregate 
334  ctls.  The  demand  is  good,  but  the  production 
appears  to  be  outstripping  the  consumption. 

LIME— Receipts  the  past  week  aggregate  4385 
bbls.  The  coast  consumption  appears  to  be  in- 
creasing.    Quotations  are  unchanged. 

ANTIMONY— New  York  advices  report  the  mar- 
ket lower.     Our  market  is  easing  off. 

TIN — The  market  holds  exceedingly  strong. 
The  consumption  on  this  coast  promises  to  be 
about  the  same  as  in  1889.  The  advance  in  silver 
has  influenced  the  market  for  pig  tin  abroad,  as 
has  a  decided  falling  off  in  the  visible  supply,  being 
359  tons  less  on  June  1st,  than  on  May  1st.  The 
exports  by  sea  the  past  week  aggregate  33,264  lbs. 
to  Victoria  and  the  imports  774  ingots  from 
Australia. 

LEAD— The  market  abroad  shows  more  activity 
at  steadier  prices,  while  at  the  Eist  it  holds  very 
strong,  with  good  consumptive  demand  ruling. 

IRON— The  market  is  quiet  at  lower  prices. 
The  consumption  is  reported  to  bs  steadily  increas- 
ing, but  the  stock  here  is  quite  large.  At  the  East  the 
market  appears  to  be  steady,  with  a  growing  firm- 
ness in  some  districts.  Imports  the  past  week  ag- 
gregate 150  tons  pig  from  Hull. 

COPPER — The  market  shows  more  strength, 
with  an  advance  obtainable.  Evidently  the  con- 
sumptioD  is  outstripping  production.  The  London 
cable  to  iron  Age,  June  4,  says;  In  copper  there 
is  a  fair  business  doing  ai  about  ^54  IDS.  for  Mer- 
chant Bars.  The  position  fully  warrants  the  in- 
ference that  consumption  is  outpacing  the  produc- 
tion, and  higher  prices  are,  therefore,  considered 
as  very  probable.  French  stocks  have  be^n  further 
largely  reduced.  Furnace  material  has  continued 
active,  and  prices  show  a  further  advance,  with 
Anaconda  Mdtte  up  to  lis.  6d.  on  actual  sale. 
Large  quantities  have  been  said  for  delivery  during 
the  balance  of  this  year  and  into  the  first  half  of 
1891.  All  the  Anaconda  Matte  lying  in  Liverpool 
has  been  purchased  for  American  account.  The 
amount  of  stock  involved  in  these  transactions  can- 
not  be  learned.  Other  sales  include  300  tons  Ana- 
conda Matte  at  iis.  3d.;  200  tons  ditto,  at  iis.  6d., 
and  800  tons  Anaconda  Argentiferous  on  private 
terms. 

COAL— Imports  the  past  week  aggregate  as  fol- 
lows: Coos  bay,  700  tons;  Seattle,  980;  Departure 
bay,  844;  Newcastle,  5248;  Sydney,  2803;  Total, 
10,575  tons.  The  market  is  easing  off,  both  for 
spot,  near  at  hand  and  shipment.  The  consump- 
tion is  large  but  no  one  feels  like  stocking  up  heavily 
unless  concessions  are  made.  The  Wellington 
strike  is  off.  The  miners  resumed  work  yesterday, 
Wednesday.  The  Coast  colliery  ouiput  is  very 
large.     Several  changes  are  made  in  quotations. 


MINING    SHAREHOLDERS'    DIRECTORY. 

COMPILBD   HVERY   TUDRSDAT    FROM   ADVERTISEMENTS  IN   TBE   MINING  AKL   SCIKKTIFIC   PRESS  AND   OTUKR   S.  F.    JODRHALB 

ASSESSMENTS. 
Location,  No.  Am't.  Levied.    Delinq't.     Sale.     Secretart.  Place  of  Bdbinbbs, 


Eastern  Metal  Markets. 

By  Telegraph. 

Nbw  York,  June  11. — The  following  are  the  closing 
priCBB  the  p  st  week; 

Silver  In    Silver  in 

London.  New  York.  Copper.     Lead.  Tin. 

Thursday..  AC}          1  03i          Sl5  5il       S4  30  S2l  25 

Friday 471           1  04              16  50         4  3i)  21  25 

Saturday....  48             1  04J            15  50         4  30  2126 

Monday 49            1  05i            15  65         4  30  2125 

Tuesday 4*^1         1  05J            15  85         4  35  21  85 

W6dnefldav..48i          1  04i           15  76         4  40  21  00 

Nrw  York,  June  10.— Lead  ia  very  strong  and  tendint,' 

up.  Qiicksilver  ia  firm.  Borax  is  easier.  Iron  is 
8ie*dl«r.  Copper  U  still  sdvaocinff  under  free  c)n- 
Bumptlon  and  uo  Increased  production. 


Com  PANT. 

Acme  M  &  M  Co Californi   .. 

Belcher  M  Co Nevada.. 39.. 

Beats  Belcher  M  Co Nevada.. 4ti.. 

Eodie  TuQiiel  Co California.. 16.. 

Clialleuge  Cnos  M  Co Nevaia..  6.. 

Confidence  8  M  Co Nevada.  .16.. 

C<jus  New  York  M  Co Nevada,.  3.. 

Found  Treasure  M  Co Nevada..  6.. 

Gould  &  Cutry  M  Co Nevada.. 64.. 

Gray  Kagle  M  Co California.. 17.. 

Holmes  M:  Co Nevada.. lb.. 

Kentuck  M  Co Nevada,, 21.. 

Locomotive  M  Co .Arizona..  7.. 

Mexican  M  Co Nevada.  .40.. 

Mayflower  Gravel  M  <'o CaliEorQia..47.. 

Morniuc  Star  Cone  M  Co Arizona..  1.. 

North  Commowealth  M  Co Nevada.,  i.. 

Occidental  uonMCo Nevada..  6.. 

SegBelcher&MideBConsMCo.Nevada..  6.. 

yierra  Nevada  M  Co Nevada.. 97.. 

Silver  King  M  Co Arizona.  3.. 

Standard  Cons  lU  Co California..  3,. 

Teresa  M  Co Mexico.,  1.. 

True  Cons  M  Co Oalifornia..  9.. 


.Mar  20.... June  2 

50.. Apr  23 June  3.. 

25..Miy  17....Junl7. 
25. .May  21. ...June  25, 
50. .May  14....Jun  17, 
75.  .May  10. 
15.. May  22. 
25.. May  22. 
30.  .Apr  28. 

.May 


June  23.  .J  M  Eiiffington 303  CaUfornia  St 

.  Jun  24.  .C  L  Perkins 329  Pine  St 

.July  S..L  Ocbnrn 309  Montgomery  St 

-July  16.. CU  Harvey 303  Califoruia  St 

July  8.  .C  L  McCoy 329  Pine  St 

.July  2.. A  a  Groth 414  California  St 

June  2B. ...July  17.. CK  Elliott 309  Mont(romery  St 

..June  27...  July  18..S  htadfeld,  Jr 309  Montgomery  St 

.  .June  3 Jim  26.  .A  K  Durbim 309  Moutyomery  St 

.JunelU....Juue30..J  M  Eufiington 3v3  California  St 


,.Jun  13.. 


28..May  lvl....Jun24....July  15..CE  Elliott 309  Montgomery  St 


, . June  3 
,.Jun  4, 
...Jun  IS 
..July  10. 
..May  31, 
...May  21 


Apr  29. 

5.  May    I.. 

S5..May  13, 

30. .June  7., 

2.. Air  3U. 

25.. Apr  IS. 

25.. Apr  28. 

30.. May  5. 

50., May  10. 

CO.. June  9., 

50.. June  2. 

10.. May    9. 

2i.May  26., 

MEETINGS  TO  BE  HELD. 

Nabie  of  Oompant.  Looatton.    Seorktaey  Office  in  S.  F  Meeting  Date 

Erodie  Cons  M  Co California.. E  L  Burling 3C9  Montgomery  St Annual June  16 

La  Grange  Ditch  &  M  Co California    A  Halsey o28  Monhgomery  St Auuuj,! June  17 

North  Belle  Isle  M  Co Nevada..  J  W  Few 310  Fine  bt  Annual June 25 

LATEST  DIVIDENDS— WITHIN  THREE  MONTHS. 
Nabih  of  Company.  Location.     Sboeetaby.  Office  in  S.  P.  Amount.  Payablh 


.Jun  2i. . J  \V  Pew 310  Pine  St 

..Jun  23.,A  H  Fi.b 309  Montgomery  St 

.  July  9..CE  Elliott 309  Montgomery  at 

July  31. .J  Mo  izio 328  Moutgomery  St 

.Jun  21.. I  W  Nowlin 230  Montgo  ■  try  Sc 

.June  25..  J  W  Pew 310  Pine  St 

.June  6. ...Jun  30..  A  K  Diurbim 309  Movjtgomery  St 

June  9....JunB30..E  B  HoluieR  309  Montgomery  St 

.Jun  12....  July  2.. EL  Parker 309  Montgomery  St 

July  17 Aug  11,. A  Wateriuao 3J9  Montgomery  St 

.July  15... .Aug  14.. J  WPew 310  Pine  St 

.Jun  13....Jun2j.  A  Cbeminant 328  Montgomery  St 

July  21.....^ept  15..  J  C  Bates 434  California  St 


Champion  M  Co California.  .T  Wetzel 522  Montgomery  St, 

Candelaria  Cona  M  Co Mexico.. G  Gato 309  Montgomery  St. 

Caledonia  M  C Nevada.. A  8  Cheminant 328  Montgomery  St., 

Con  California  &  Va  M  Co Nevada.. A  W  Havens 309  Montgomery  St., 

Derbec  Blue  Gravel  M  Co California.  .T  Wetzel 522  Montgomery  St 

Idaho  M  Co California -  .Grass  Valley 2  50 

Mt  Diablo  M  Co Nevada.  .R  Heath 319  Pine  St 30 


Jan 

25 Apr  5 

08 May  15 

25 Feb  III 

10 Apr:d4 

.  Mar  7 
Oct  21 


Pacific  Borax  Salt  &  Soda  Co. .. California.. A  H  Clough 230  Montgomery  St 1  00 June  10 


San  Francisco  Metal  Market. 

WHOLBSAI.E. 

Thursday,  June  12, 1890. 

ANT  IMONY 21iS       21i 

Borax— Refinocl,  in  carload  lota 8@     — 

Powdered            "         "       "    S@     — 

Concentrated      "         "        "    71@     — 

All  grades  jobbing  at  an  advance. 

Copper— 

Bolt 23  @      25 

Sheathing 23  @  -  25 

Ingot,  jobbing 17i@      tS} 

do,  wholesale 16  @      16^ 

Fire  Bos  Sheets '23  (co     25 

Lead— Pig 4J@       5 

Bar 5  @       5i 

Sheet 7@     — 

Pipe 6@      — 

Shot,  discount  10%  on  500  bags     Drop.  W  bag.  1  55  ((*      — 

Buck,  ^bag 1  75  @      — 

Chilled,  do 1  95  @     — 

CoKE-Eng.,  ton,  spot,  in  blk 13  50  («14  50 

Do.  do.  to  load .' 12  00  @1^  50 

Qdicksilvsr— By  the  flask 57  OO  (a58  00 

Flasks,  new @      — 

Flasks,  old   35  ® 

Chrome  Iron  Ore,  ^  ton 10  CO<S 

Iron— Bar,  base 3  @       3i 

Norway,  base 4S@       5i 

Steel— English,  lb 16  (S      20 

Canton  tool 9@       9 

Black  Diamond  tool 9  @       9 

Pick  and  Hammer 8  @      10 

Machinery , 4@       5 

Toe  Calk 4l@       — 

Spot.  To  Load. 

Iron- Glengarnock  ton 34  00  @ 33  @  — 

Eglinton,  ton 34  00  m 30  ft^  — 

American  Soft,  No,  I,  ton.. @32  00  39  @  — 

Oregon  Pig.  ton §333  00  ~  ^  — 

Puget  Sound 34  00  @ _  @  _ 

Cljy  Lane  White (028  00  26  (fo  — 

Shotts,  No.  1 34  00  (tiZ5  00  32i@  — 

Ear  Iron  (base  price)  ■^  lb...      _@      _  ^  (^ — 

Langloan 34  00  @ 321@  — 

Tbornclitfe 34  00  @ -■■  32J@  — 

Gartsherrie 34  00  & 33i@  — 

Barrow 34  00  @ 32i@  — 

Thomas 33  00  @ — @  — 

CargoHeet 30  00  @ 30  @  — 

Coal. 


TO  LOAD. 

Per  Ton,  1  Per  Ton. 

Australian  ...     7  25  @7  37JjLehigh  Lump..  16  50@17  00 

Liverpool  Sfm     7  75  @ Cumberland  bk  16  00@ 

Scotch  Splint.     S  00  @  8  26  Egg,  hard 16  00@ 


Cardiff S  60  @ 


Wellington. , 
Greta 


(  00 


WestmiuBterBrymbo.  9  00 

Nanaimo 9  00 

Sydney 8  00 

Oilman 6  50 

CANADIAN    ANTHRACITE   COAL. 

Egg,  ship  side §12  SOiStove,  yard.. 

Egg,  yard 15  COiNut,  yard 


Coos  Bay 6  00 


Gannel 12  00 

Egg,  hard 16  00 

Cumberlaud,  Id  sacks  15  00 
do.  hulk 14  00 


.$15  00 
.    15  LO 


Table  of  Lowest  and  Highest  Sales  in 
S.  F.  Stock  Exchange. 


Name  op 
Company. 


Alpha , 

Alta 

Andes 

Belcher 

Best  &  Belcher.., 

Bullion 

Bodie  Con 

Bulwer 

Commonwealth  . . 
Con.  Va.  &Cal.., 
Challenge ...,,.., 

Chollar 

Conlideuce 

Con.  Imperial.,,, 

Caledonia 

Grown  Point...., 

Crocker 

Del  Moute , 

Eureca  Con , 

Exchequer , 

Grand  Prize 

Gould  &  Curry.. 
Hale  &  NorcrosB. 

Julia 

Justice 

Kentuck 

Lady  Wash 

Mono 

Mexican 

Navajo 

North  BeUe  Isle. 

Nev.  Queen 

Occidental 

Ophir 

Overman.. 

PotoBi 

Peerless 

Peer 

Savage 

S.  B.  &M 

Sierra  Nevada. . . 

Silver  Hill.. 

Scorpion 

{TqIoq  Con 

Utah 

Vellow  Jacket... 


Week 
Ending 
May  23. 


1.05 
1.05 
45 
1.50 
2.35 


3  70 

4  00 
1.30 
2.40 
3.00 


.35 
2.50 


1.00 
3.50 
2.05 
2.65 
.20 
.20 
1.50 
1.05 
1.50 
.35 
.20 
2,05 
70 
1.95 


1.25  1.35 

1  10  1.20 

.75  .911 

l.yO  2.00 

2.80  3.1 

30  2.10 

60  .6: 


2.35 

.20 
1.10 
4.25 

.60 
.55 

1.50 

2.6U 
.25 

1.45 
.80 
.30 
.35 

t.OO 


Week 
Fkdino 
May  20. 


1.40  ICO 

1.15  I  20 
.70 

2.15  2  9U 

2.75  3.00 

2.00  2.65 
60 


3  61 

4.35 

1.85 

3  20 

.00 

.40 

.35 

2  20 

.25 

1.15 

4.50 

.65 

.45 

1-45 

2.63 

.25 

1.35 


3  7 
4.65 
2.35 
3.75 


3,50 
4.40 
3.15 
3  50 

5.5? 

40 

.40 

2.45 


1.5J 

2.75 

.35 

i.4;j 
.95 

.30 


2.55 

.80 
2.75 


1.10 

4.75 

2  45 

6.37 

.30 

.40 

1.95 

1  35 

2.00 

.50 

2'.i 

.85 
3.10 


Weeb. 
Ending 
June  5. 


1.65    1  95 
1.2U    1.5J 

.90 
3.50 
3.20  3,75 
2.70  4.20 
.60  .75 
.20  .... 
3.55  3.75 
4  50  5.00 
2.4J    3.75 


4  20 
00 


1.30 
.70 
1.25 
1.20 

2  25 
5.63 
.25 
.30 
1.90 
1.30 
1.65 
.40 
.15 
2.50 


Week 
Ending 

Juoe  12. 


.45  .GO 

2.60  3.75 

i!i6  i!25 

4.00  .... 

.35  1.50 

.55  .65 

2.U5  2.80 

!.S0  3.25 

.40  .45 

1.40  1.75 

1.50  2.30 

.30  .40 

.40  .45 

3.25  3.70 

.35  .40 

1.25  l.GO 

.75  95 

1.50  1.90 

4.60  4.90 

2.40  3.U0 

6.87  8.00 

.25  ... 

.30  .35 

2  15  2.70 

2  25 

1.95  3.50 

45  .... 

.20  .2n 

2.75  3.35 

"  1.25 

2.95  3.50 


Mining  Share  Market. 

The  Comstock  shares  have  witnessed  renewed 
activity  with  Potosi  and  Bullion  still  leaders,  al- 
though several  of  the  Gold  Hill  stocks  scored  an  ad- 
vance. The  movements  in  the  first  two  are  an  un- 
mistakable evidence  of  what  the  pool  can  do  when 
only  prospects,  with  the  usual  mysterious  dark  hints 
I  of  something  big  in  the  background,  are  afloat. 
Apparently  the  active  movements,  so  far,  in  the 
market  have  not  attracted  many  large  outside  deal- 
ers, although  reports  are  current  01  a  few  having 
taken  a  hand  in  the  game.  The  m,3Jority  of  those 
dealings  are  influenced  from  day  to  day  by  points 
put  out  by  the  mside  to  catch  suckers.  Tbey  have 
made  money,  but  then  the  end  is  not  reached  yet. 
Toward  the  close  there  are  signs  of  the  public,  who 
have  not  operated,  becoming  mterested,  and  if  they 
are  inveigUd  into  the  net,  then  we  can  look  for  the 
usual  results.  While  believmg  in  the  mines,  yet,  we 
would  advise  caution  after  so  much  of  an  upward 
move  in  some  of  the  stocks,  although  they  may,  be- 
fore breaking,  go  to  still  higher  figures. 

In  the  outside  stocks,  trading  continues  light  ow- 
ing to  the  Comstock  attraction.  In  the  luscaroras, 
Belle  Isle,  North  Commonwealth  and  North  Belle 
Isle  have  sold  higher.  In  the  Central,  Weldon, 
Peer,  Peerless  and  Crocker  of  the  (juijoto^s 
group  tr.iding  is  still  light,  although  the  news  from  the 
mines  is  good.  The  Bodies  have  sold  slightly  higher. 

Machinery  for  pumping  out  the  Gold  Hill  mines 
ought  to  be  all  on  hand  and  pumping  commenced 
at  an  early  day. 

The  battery  assays  of  Con.  Virginia,  Overman 
and  Crown  Point  are  higher,  but  tbe  assays  of  the 
other  bullion  producing  mines  are  unchanged. 

Our  Virginia  City  correspondent  says  that  the 
sentiment  among  the  better  informed  mining  men, 
is  that  the  managers  of  the  Gold  Hill  mines  should 
show  up  that  ore  body,  and  stop  assessments. 
Heretofore  when  a  mine  became  a  bullion  producer 
the  stock  was  no  gamble;  for  example  look  at  Over- 
man, Chollar,  Crown  Point,  Con.  Virginia,  Savage, 
Hale,  Norcross  and  Yellow  Jacket. 

Our  Virginia  City  advices  report  that  the  first 
days  work  in  the  Potosi  winze  showed  good  ore; 
some  going  over  $100  a  ton.  What  this  ore  would 
mill,  it  is  bard  to  say.  When  there  are  "shorts" 
on  the  market  the  oie  assays  high,  but  when  there 
are  "longs"  aud  the  stock  is  well  out,  then  it  is  re- 
markable how  low  the  pulp  assays  can  be  made  to 
go.  It  is  reported  that  in  Bullion  they  are  in  ore; 
our  advices  fail  to  confirm  this  report,  but  interest- 
ing work  is  or  can  be  done  to  the  west  in  that  and 
adjoining  mines.  In  Challenge  they  ought  to  be 
Hearing  the  ore  lying  to  the -west,  on  the  same  lode 
heretofore  described  in  these  columns.  From  Yel- 
low Jacket  news  is  hard  to  get,  which  causes  shrewd 
ooerators  to  watch  more  closely  that  stock.  Our 
Virginia  City  correspondent  thinks  that  persuns 
operating  in  stocks  and  who  have  been  pointed 
south  of  Yellow  Jacket  and  norih  of  Potosi  are,  as 
usual  misled,  for  everything,  bethinks,  goes'to prove 
that  the  interesting  points  lie  between  these  two 
mines.  So  far  the  movements  in  stocks  warrant 
this  beUef,  yet  no  one  can  tell  what  may  happen  for 
there  is  nothing  so  uncertain  as  mining,  particularly 
when  the  mines  are  managed  in  the  interest  of  a 
stock  or  mill  pool.  All  things  appear  to  work 
according  to  the  quantity  of  stock  held  by  the  in- 
side. 

Official  letters  received  this  week  are  more  than 
usually  encouraging  from  Con.  Imperial,  Challenge, 
Confidence  and  Belcher,  and  only  fair  from  Crown 
Point,  Seg.  Belcher  and  Overman.  All  advices  go 
to  show  that  work  is  being  done  to  show  up  the 
west  lode.  The  official  letters  from  Hale,  Nurcross 
and  Savage  are  more  encouraging.  The  body  of 
ore  run  into  in  the  latter  mine  assays  higher. 
Other  official  letters  will  be  found  under  Mining 
Summary. 

From  the  Tuscororas  the  news  is  of  a  very  favor- 
able character,  as  it  also  is  from  the  Quijotoas  and 
Columbus  district.  From  the  Bodies  the  usual  dry 
reports  come  to  hand.  The  Superintendent's  re- 
port at  the  annual  election  of  Bodie,  is  looked  for- 
ward 10,  by  some,  with  unusual  interest. 

The  Mining  Share  market  opened  this,  Thursday, 
morning  at  lower  prices  for  Potosi  and  Bullion  un- 
der bear  points  well  circulated  on  yesterday.  While 
hammering  the  leaders  by  cross-orders  and  other- 
wise, the  ring  bought  every  share  they  could  of  all 
other  stocks,  even  slightly  advancing  some.  The 
market  acts  and  looks  well.  While,  prices  may 
shade  off  still  more,  yet  everything  points  to  higher 
prices  soon.  Reports  of  porphyry  in  the  Potosi  winze 
are  afloat.  These  ups  and  downs  in  the  market  on 
good  and  bad  reports,  from  the  mines,  confirm  what 
we  have  heretofore  claimed  the  ring  would  do 
to  sell  or  buy  stocks. 


Sales  at  San  Francisco  Stock  Exchange, 


TauRSDA  Y.  June  12, 9:30  a.m.  i 
70U  Alpha 1.75 

1200  Anaes 75^8(ic 

6O0  Belcher 3.15 

1200  Belle  lale 7C^8lc 

370  BestK  Belcher. 3. 50&3.5.T 
500  bnuauza 40c 

2120  Bullion 3.40@3.50 

350  Caledonia 5Sc 

300  Challenge 3.01 

400  Chollar 3.30 

100  Con.  Cal,  &.  Va 4.75 

40  Confidence...?  00(a7.12i 

11450  Con.  Imijerial 5l'c 

500  Cou.  New  York 25c 

£0  Crtcker 25c 

650  Crown  Point 5.95 

300  Del  Monte l.'S 

100  Eureka "  " 

1200  Exche.iuer 1.1 

b20  Gould  4;  Curry.2. 55(^2. 60 


300  Grand  Prize 65c 

550  Hale&Nor....2.9U[^2.95 

300  Julia 40c 

150  Justice 1.5E@1.60 

250  Kentuck 1.90 

600  Mexican 3.45{3>3,50 

300  Navajo 45c 

600  Occidenlal 1  89 

500  0,hir 4.76W4,80 

2150  Overman 2.95^3.10 

50  Peerless 25c 

1090  Potooi 7.25@7.50 

580  Savage 2.35@2.40 

1650  SeK  Belcher... 2. 10«  2.25 

720  Sierra  Nev 3.05^3.10 

3C0  Silver  Hilt 50c 

400  Union 3  00 

400  Utah 2.35 

300  Weldon 20c 

21^0  "WeBt  Comstock 35c 

4Si  Ytllow  Jacket.. 3. 10@3.20 


There  have  been  revolts  in  the  gold  miDss 
of  Siberia  beloDgiDg  to  the  Kaesiau  millionaires 
Biaileoraki  &  Biirtaachofif,  Tbe  miners  were 
goaded  to  uesperation  by  starvatioD  wages 
and  maltreatment.  Ttvo  superintendents  were 
killed  and  many  buildings  destroyed. 


t^mw^^  l^otice^. 


CARMEL.O  LAND  AND  COAL  COMPANY. 
Location  of  principal  place  of  business,  San  Fran- 
cisco, California;  location  of  works,  Monterey  county, 
Cali'ornia. 

Notice  is  hereby  given,  that  at  a  meeting;  of  the  Board 
of  Directors,  held  on  the  4th  day  of  June,  1S90,  an  asgee.?- 
ment  (No,  1)  of  Fifty  (50c)  Centa  per  ehare  w»s  levied 
upon  the  capital  stock  of  the  Corporation,  payable  im- 
u^ediately  In  United  States  giild  coin,  to  the  Secretary, 
at  the  office  of  the  Company,  Room  10,  No.  415  Mont- 
gomery street,  San  b^aiicisco,  California. 

Any  stock  upon  which  this  assessment  shall  remain 
unpaid  on  the  16th  day  of  July,  1S90,  will  be  delinquent 
and  advertised  for  tali  at  public  auction;  and  uuIofis 
payment  is  made  befjre,  will  le  sold  on  SATURUAY, 
the  9th  da}'  of  August,  ISSO,  to  pay  the  delin(|uent 
asaes-ment,  to&;e'her  with  the  costs  of  ndvertieing  and 
expenses  of  sale 

By  order  of  the  Board  of  Directors. 

W.  T.  BAGGETT,  Secretary. 

Office,  Room  10,  No.  415  Montgomory  street,  San  Fian- 
i^isco,  California. 


DELIISIQUENT    SALE    NOTICE. 

GRAY  EAGLE  MINING  CrtMPANY-Loca. 
tion  of  principal  place  of  business,  San  Francisco, 
California.  Location  of  works.  Placer  county,  Califurnia. 
Notice— Theie  are  deliLquent  upon  the  following  de- 
scribed stock,  on  account  of  ABsessmeut  (No.  37)  levied 
on  the  First  day  of  May,  1S90,  the  aeveial  amounts  set 
opposite  the  nlmes  of  the  respective  share holiiers,  as 
fo.l  -ws: 

No.        No. 
Names.  Cert.     Sh  reg.      Amt. 

Bogart,  0  H,  Trustee 430       100      $    5  no 

"        " ..431        100  fi  00 

"         "         4H4  50  2  f-O 

"         "  435  50  2  50 

'*         "  440  54  2  7U 

■'  447     5,000         250  00 

"  "         "  46!)  80  4  00 

*'  "         "  472         500  25  00 

*'  "         "  4S!J         105  5  20 

Buffington,  J  U,  Trus  we 5V7     2,500        125  00 

"  •' 528     2.000         lOD  00 

Canies,  W  A 252        416  20  SO 

Durbrow,  H,  Trustee   , 506        200       *  Hi  00 

Francis,  H  L,  Trustee ^44     1,500  75  00 

Hunter,  W  C,  Trustee SOS        100  5  00 

Nah,  U  W 209        104  5  20 

RodL^krans,  U  M -^9        600  30  dO 

StOLt,  C  S.  Trustee 47(S     2,000        luO  00 

Suarlea,  W  A,  Trustee 518     l.imo  50  00 

Shankland,  Robt 144        uno  30  CO 

Sietson,  A  M,  Trustee 520     5,000        250  to 

Ta>Hor,  J  N,  Trustee ..    .532     1,040  52  rO 

Wetzel,  Theo,  Tiustee 2SI        JOO  5  OU 

And  in  accordance  with  law,  and  an  order  of  ths  Board 
of  Directors,  made  on  the  First  day  of  May,  1S90,  so 
many  shares  of  each  parcel  of  Budi  stock  as  may  hs  nec- 
essary, will  be  sol  J  at  public  auction,  at  the  office  of  the 
Company,  Room  11,  No.  303  California  street,  San  Fran- 
cis'-o,  California,  on  MONDAY,  the  Thirtieth  (30th)  day 
of  June,  1S90,  at  the  hour  of  one  o'clcci  p.m.,  of  said 
day,  to  pay  said  Delinquent  Assesemant  thereon,  to- 
gether with  costs  of  adver'Jsiog  ard  expenses  of  sale. 

A.  W.  BARROWS,  Secretary  pro  tem. 
Office,  Room  11,  No.    303  Californi*  Street,  San   Fran- 
(.Isco,  California, 


^■^  I  »«  r»  o  r»  \/ c  n 


IMPROVED 


aaas 


AIR  COMPRESSORS 

-Fo«  CATALOGi/ES,  ESTIMATES,  ETC.,  AOORESS,  : 

Clayton  Air  Compressor  Works , 


OF    BROOKLYN.     N      Y. 


43  PEY  ST.,  NEW  YORK. 


.A-nsTJsrxj-A-x.     Jsj:EETiasrc3-. 


THE  ANNUAL  MEETING  OF  THE  STOCKHOLDERS 
of  the  Carmelo  Land  and  Coal  Company,  for  the 
electi'^.n  of  a  Board  of  Directors  to  serve  the  ensuing 
year,  and  for  auch  other  business  as  may  come  before 
the  meeting,  will  be  held  at  the  office  of  the  Company, 
Room  10,  No.  415  Montgomery  street,  on  MONDAY,  the 
21st  day  of  July,  1890,  at  oneo'clocir  p  m. 

W.  T.  BAGGETT,  Secretary. 


Automatic  Pop  Safety  Valves. 

The  Most  Perfe:;t  iu  Use. 

Adapted  for  Locomotive,  Stationary,  Ma- 
rine and  Farm  Boilcrj. 
Circulars  on  applicitlTn. 

H,  p.  GKE60RY  &  CO.. 

Cor.  Fremont   aod    Mission  8ts>( 

SAN  FRANCISCO. 

Loa  Arigel's,  Cal.,  Port'and,  Orfgon, 

Tacoma,  Washingtoa, 


JONE  14,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


407 


DOW'S  IMPROVED  STEAM  PUMPS, 


DOW    STEAM    PUMP    WORKS, 

office    and    works,    114    AND    116    BE  ALE    STREET,    SAN    FRANCISCO, 

UANUFACrORERa    OP    

Independent  Air  Pump  and 
Condenser, 

SINGLE    OR    DUPLEX,  ^Ei3  ^'^^  STATIONARY  ENGINES  OR  STEAM  PUMPS. 

For  Every    Possible    Duty.  <B  itir 

4  ,.,/Pr,  ,  POWER  PUWPING  MACHINERY, 

SPEED    GOVERNORS, 

Balance  Valves  and  Pressure 
Regulators, 

FOR  STEAM  PUMPS.  ETC.,  ETC. 


Mining  Pumps,      ^^"^^' 

IRRIGATION  PUMPS, 
Artesian  Well  Engines, 


HXc,   UXo. 


CORRESPONDENCE  SOLICITED. 

SEND  FOR  CATALOGUE. 


JOSHUA  HENDY  MACHINE  WORKS, 

Not.  39  to  51  FREMONT  STREET,  SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 


"HBNDY"    IMPBOVBD    "OHALLENQB"    ORE    FEEDER 
The  best  form  of  Feeder  ever  devised,  and  pronounced  by  reputable  mining  men  to  be  fal 
superior  to  any  form  of  **Koller"  Feeder  manufactured.     We  refer  to  the  follow- 
ing gentlemen  who  have  furnished  us  with  testimonial  letters  to  the 
above  eifect,  which  can  be  seen  at  our  office,    viz.: 


iSf.  W.  Crocker,  Supt.  Bunker  Hill  Gold  Min- 
ing Co.,  Amador  City,  Gal. 
W.  G.  Roberts,  Greenwood, El  Dorado  Co.,  Gal. 


D.  C.  WlCKHAM,  Taylor  Mine,  Greenwood,  Cal. 
J.  K.  Tregloan,  Supt.  South  Spring  Hill  Gold 
Mining  Co.,  Amador  City,  Cal. 


WE   ARE   MANTJFACTORERS  OF  THE 


"CHALLENGE,"   STANFORD,"  "TULLOCK,"&  "ROLLER"  FEEDERS, 

And  will  furnish  descriptive  Catalogues  and  quote  prices  upon  application. 


SAN  FRANCISCO  TOOL  CO, 

MANUFAOTDRBRS    OF 

IRRIGATING  PUMPS 

AUD 

Machinery  of  all   Kinds. 

PACIFIC  COAST  AGENTS 

BABOOOK    &    WILOOX 

Patent  Water  Tube  Steam  Boilers. 


Estimates  Faroiehed  on  Application. 


'*  Send  for  Catalogues. 


OTCTffTin  jrjjfi  A  T,     PTT  WP  - 


FIRST  and  STEVENSON  STS..  S.  F. 


PEWEY  &  CO,  {"^a.S'vtfo?.Ya1?oft.''}  PATENT  AGENTS. 


I.  0.  MARSnUTZ 


T.  O.  OANTRELL. 


NATIONAL  IRON   WORKS 

N.  W.  Corner  Main  and  Howard  Sts.,  San  Francisco, 

MANUFACTURERS    OF 

Stationary  and  Compound  Engines,  Flour,  Sugar,  Saw 
and  Quartz  Mill  Machinery. 

AMALGAMATING  MACHINES.     CASTINGS  AND  FORCINGS  ^L^,\^t7ou 

ALL    WORK    TESTED    AND    GUARANTEED. 

IMPROVED    PORTABLE    HOISTING    ENGINES. 


NATIONAL  ROCKER  QUARTZ  MILL. 

KENDALL'S  PATENT,  AUGUST  24,  1886. 

MARSHUTZ  &  CANTRELL,  Sole  Manufacturers. 

The  Patentee  aad  Manufacturers 
cordially  ioWte  miners  to  critically 
examine  and  paes  judgment  upon 
this  improved  system  of  millinR 
and  amalg-amatiot?  ores  ID  the  fol- 
lowing particulars: 

The  cost  is  less  than  one-halt  of 

stamps  of  same  capacity- 
The  freight  to  mine  is  less  than 

one-half  of  stamps. 
The  cost  of  erecting  is  less  than 

one-fourth  of  stamps. 
The  power  to  drive  itis  less  than 

one-half  of  stamps. 
The  wear  is  less  than  one-quar- 
ter of  stamps. 

6.  There  is  no  wear  except  on 
shoes  and  dies. 

7.  In  point  of  amalgamation  it  ts 
superior  to  any  otner  machine 
in  use. 

S.  In  its  simplicity  of  construction. 

We  chftUengo  competition  with 
Stamps,  Ball  Pulverizers  or  and 
other  ore  crushing  machines  now 
hefore  the  puhlio, 

i^-Send  for  Circulars  and  Price  List.  MARSHUTZ    At    OANTRELL. 


HOSKINS'  PATENT  BLOW-PIPE  AND  ASSAY  FURNACES. 


Chemists,  Assayers,  Metallurgists,  £n- 
giueers,  Jewelers,  Dentists,  Etc. 


NO   DUST !     NO   ASHES ! 


Will  do  f  "r  every  thinff  that  a  Coal  Furnace  or  Gae 
Furnace  viill,  and  WllHOUT  A  BLOWER. 

Send  for  Price  Li9t  and  DeBcriptive  Circular  to 


WM.  HOSKINS  &  CO.,  si  b^SCar^i^st..  CHICAGO,  ILL. 


EfeTABLISHED    1866. 


Pacific  Chemical  Works. 

HENRY    G.    HANKS, 

Practical  and  Indnstrial  Chemist,  Assayer 
and  Geologist, 


718  MONTGOMERY  ST., 


SAN  FRANCISCO. 


M-Will  report  on  the  condition  and  value  ot  any  mining  property  on 
IhJ^aoiflc  Coast.  Rare  Chemicals  made  to  order.  InatructionB  jlven  in 
Assayine  and  Praotloal  ChemUtry, 


406 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[June  14,  1890 


VALUABLE  BOOKS   FOR 

SHEET  METAL  WORKERS. 

The  Sheet  Metal    Worker's  Instructor    /or 

Zinc  Sheet  Iron,  Copper  and  Tin  Plate  Workers,  aud 
others-  Geometrical  Problems;  Practical  and  Simple 
Kuies  for  descnbioK  the  various  Fatterns.  By  Reuben 
H  Warn,  Tin  Plate  Worker.  With  Boiler  Making, 
Mensuration  otSurfaces  and  Solids,  Kules  for  Calcu- 
lating the  Weights  of  Different  Figures  of  lion  and 
Steel,  etc.    Elaborately  iUxistrated.    8vo $3  00 

A  Practical  Workshop  C««inoRiiion  for  Tin, 
Sheet  Iron  and  Copper  Plate  Workers.  Containing 
Rules  for  describing -various  kinds  of  Patterns  used 
by  Tin,  Sheet  Iron  and  opper  flate  Wo^ker^;  Practi- 
cal Geometry;  Meusuiation  of  Surfaces  and  Solids; 
Tables  of  Areas  and  Circum  ferences  of  Circlt-s;  Japan*-, 
"Varnishes.  Lacquers,  Cemeuts,  Compositions,  eti;.  By 
Leroy  J.  Blinn.    100  illustrations.    12mo $3.5o 

Galvanized  Irtin  Corn'ce  Worker's  Manual 
ContaioiDg  instructions  iu  laying  out  the  different 
Miters  and  making  fatterns  of  all  kinds  of  Plain  and 
Circular  Work.  Also  Tables  of  Weights.  Areas,  and 
Circumferences  of  Circles.  By  Chas.  A.  Vaile.  Illus- 
trated by  21  plates.    4to $5.00 

g^  The  above  or  any  of  our  Books  sent  by  vmil/rei  of 
postdfje,  at  the  publication  prices,  to  any  address  in  the 
world. 

tar  Our  large  catalogue  of  Practical  and  Scientific 
Books,  86  pages,  Soo,  and  our  other  catalogues  and  circu- 
lars tM  whole  coverbiq  every  branch  of  Science  as  ap- 
plied to  the  Arts,  sentfr>'e,  and  free  of  postage,  to  any 
one  in  any  pxrt  of  the  world  who  will  furnish  us  with  his 
address 

HENRY  CAREY  BAIRO  &  CO., 

iNDUbTEIAI.    PUBLISHERS,   BOOKSKI.LEBS  &  UlPOHTERS, 

»10  Walnut  St.,  PiiilatielphI      "■    ■'  -    * 


PACIFIC    ROLLING   MILL   CO., 


.UAtnTFAOTOaBRfi  OF.. 


,  P».,  U.  S.  A. 


AMERICAN   MINING   AND  STOCK  CODE 

"  KELLOGRAPH." 

Indispensable  to  the  Mining  Profession  and 
Dseful  In  all  Business  Transactions. 
A  Complete  System  of  Transmitting  Telegraphic  Mes- 
sages by  Code  Ciplier  Words  in  a  Legible,  Secret  and 
Economic  Manner. 

OVER   35,000   WORDS  AND  SENTENCES 

Subject  to  transmission  under  infinite  complication  by 
the  use  of  over  70,000  code  words. 

No  danger  of  publicity  in  telegraphing  matters  con- 
cerning  operation  or  sale  of  mining  property.  The  work 
strictly  alphabetical  and  claesifled.  The  handiest  work 
ever  published  for  mming  operators. 

PRICE,  S5.    Forwarded  poatpaid  on  receipt  of  price  by 

DEWBY  &  CO., 

220  MAKKET  STREET,  SAN  FRANCISCO. 


O.    H.  EVANS    &  CO. 

(Successors  to  THOMSON  &  EVANS), 

110  and  112   Beale   Street,  S.  F. 

l\\  MACHINE  WORKS, 

Steam  Pumps,  Steam  Engines 

and  aU  kinds  of  MACHINERY, 

/-H    m 
^— (    m 


FRANCIS  SMITE  &  CO. 

Manufacturers  of 

Sheetlron  and  Steel 


ALL    SIZES. 

130  Beale  Street,         San  Francisco,  Gal 

Iron  cut,  punched  and  formed,  for  making  pipe  on 
ground.  All  kinds  of  Tools  supplied  for  making  Pipe. 
Estimates  given.  Are  prepared  for  coating  all  sizes  of 
Pipe  with  a  composition  of  Coal  Tar  and  Asphaltum. 


TUBBS  CORDAGE  CO. 

(A  Corporation.) 

Constantly  on  hand  a  full  assortment  of  Manila  Rope, 
Duplex  Rope,  Tarred  Manila  Rope,  Hay  Rope,  Whale  Line, 
etc,  etc. 

Extra  sizes  and  lengths  made  to  order  on  short  notioe, 

611  &  613  Front  St.«  San  Francisco.  Gal. 


THE  RUSSELL  PROCESS. 

For  information  coocernlDg  this  process  for  the  re- 
duction of  Ores  containing  precious  metals,  and  terms 
of  license,  apply  to 


THE     EUSSELL    PROCESS 
New  Haven,  Conn. 


CO., 


eOMPlETE§TEAMPUMP© 

^    IOSlZtSH«IM#7To|75TP 
SrWATERSUPPDfTAHKS;  I' 


Sf^DlSCWPTlVE  : 


GRANGER'S  ROLLER  STAMP  IVilLl 

Beats  them  all.  "Works  dry  ores.    Makes  ei  en  grao- 
ulatiou.    Ko  dead  work,  hence  minimum  wear. 

A.  P.  GRANGER,  Dcnvei-,  Colo. 


GRANGER'S  DRY  ORE  SEPARATOR 

The  very  best.  Uses  no  Wfiter.  No  Ireczing  up. 
Saves  haiilinfi  waste.  Saves  higli  percentage.  Send 
Cot  circulars. 

A.  P.  GRANGER,  Denver,  Colo. 


IS 


UP   TO   20,000   LBS.    WEIGHT. 

True  to  pattern  and  superior  In  strength,  toughness  and  durability  to  Oast  or  Wroneht 
Iron  In  any  position  or  for  any  service. 

GEARINGS,  SHOES,  DIES,  CAMS,  TAPPETS,  PISTON-HEADS,  RAILROAD  and  MA- 
CHINERY CASTINGS  of  Every  Description. 


HOMOGENEOUS  STEEL, 


SOFT  and  DUCTILE, 


SUPERIOR  TO  IRON  FOR 


LOCOIVIOTIVE  AND  MARINE  FORCINGS. 

ALSO  Steel  Rods,  from  J  to  3  inch  diameter  afld  Flats  from  1  to  8  inch.  Angles,  Toea,  ChannelH  and  other  ahape 
Steel  Wagon,  Buggy,  and  Truck  Tires,  Plow  Steel;  Machinery  and  Special  Shape  Steel  to  size  and  lengths 
STBEIi  RAILS  from  12  to  45  pounds  per  yard.  ALSO,  Bailroad  and  Merchant  Iron,  Rolled 
Beams,  Angle,  Channel,  and  T  Iron,  Bridge  and  Machine  Bolts,  Lag  Screws,  Nuts,  Washers,  Ship  and  Boat 
Spikes;  Steamboat  Shafts,  Cranks,  Pistons,  Connecting  Rods,  etc.  Car  and  Locomotive  Axles  and  Frames, 
and  Iron  Forglnga  of  all  kinds.  Iron  and  Steel  Bridge  and  Roof  Work  a  Specialty. 

HIGHEST  PRICE  PAID  FOR  SCRAP  IRON  AND  STBEI,. 
tW  Orders  will  have  prompt  attention.    Send  for  Catalogues.    Address 

PACIFIC  ROLLUfG  KILL  CO.,  202  Market  St.,  San  Francisco. 


FULTON     IRON    WORKS, 

HINOKLEY,  SPIERS    &    HAYES,  Proprietors. 

[ESTABLISHED    IN    1855.] 


OfiBLoe,   £tX3 


TUSTIN'S    PULVERIZER. 


— MANUFACTDRSRa    OF— 

MARINE     ENGINES     AND     BOILERS.- 

Propeller  Engines,  either  High  Pressure  or  Compound, 
Stern  or  Side- wheel  Engines. 

MINING  MACHINERY.— Hoisting  Eflgines  and 
Works,  Cages,  Ore  Buckets,  Ore  Cars,  Pumping  Bniflues 
and  Pumps,  Water  Buckets,  Pump  Columns,  Air  Com- 
pressors, Air  Receivers,  Air  Hpes. 

MILL.  MAOHINERY.-Batteries  for  Dry  or  Wet 
Crushing,  Amalgamating  Pans,  Settlers,  Furnaces,  Re- 
torts, Concentrators,  Ore  Feeders,  Rock  Breakers,  Fur- 
naces (or  Reducing  Ores,  Water  Jackets,  etc 

MISCELLANEOUS  MACHINBRY.-Flour 
Mill  Machinery,  Saw  Mill  Engines  and  Boilers,  Dredging 
Machinery,  Powder  Mill  Machinery,  Water  Wheels. 

Tustin's  Pulverizer 

WORKS  ORE  WET  OR  DRY. 


ENGINES^BOILERS 

OF    ALL    KINDS, 
Either  for  use  on  Steamboats  or  for  use  on  Land. 

Water  Pipe,  Pnmp  or  Air  Columns,  Fish 
Tanks  for  Salmon  Canneries 

OF  BVEKT  DKSCRIPTION. 

Bollex  Repairs  Promptly  attended  to  and  at  v«ry  moaerate  rates. 

AGBNT8  FOR  THB  PACIFIC  COAST  FOR  THR 

Ty&Sk,xi.&   Steci33a.  3E»ij.jaa.-^.  ^^ 

SPECIALTIES : 

Corliss  Engines  and  Tnstln  Ore  Pulverizers.  DEANB    STEAM    PUMP. 

Agents  and  Manufacturers  of  the  Llewellyn  Feed  Water  Purifier  and  Heater. 


THE  GIANT  POWDER  COMPANY 

Manufacture  Three  Kinds  ol  Powder,  which  are  acknowledged  by  all  the  Great  Chemists  of  the  World  as 

The  Safest  and  Strongest  High  Explosives  in  the  Marl<et. 

Of  Different  Strengths  as  Required. 

NOBBt'S    KXPIiOSIVE     OELATINE,"    which  contains    94  per  cent  of  Nltro-Glyoerlne,  and 

GELATINE-DTN AMITE,  Stranger  than  Dynamite  and  even  Safer  In  Handling. 

JUDSON  POWDER  IMPROVED. 

FOK  RAI3LROADS  AND  LAND  CliEARING.  Is  from  three  to  four  times  stronger  than  ordinary  Blast- 
ing Powder,  and  Is  used  by  all  the  Kailroada  and  Gravel  Claims,  as  it  breaks  more  ground,  pulverizes  better  »nd 
saves  time  and  money.    It  is  as  dry  as  the  ordinary  Blasting  Powder  and  runs  as  freely. 

BANDMANN,  MIELSEN  &  CO., 

OAFS  and  FUSE  for  Sale.  GBNBBAL  AGENTS,  SAN  FRANCISCO    OAL. 


li^Kll' 


^^ 


QUARTZ  SCREENS 


A  specialty.  Round,  slot 
or  burred  slot  holes.  Gen- 
uine Russia  Iron,  Homo- 
geneous Steel,  Cast  Steel  or  ' 
American  planished  Iron, 
Zinc,  Copper  or  Brass  Screens  for  all  purposes.  Cali- 
fornia Perforatinsr  Screen  Co.,  146  &  147  Beale  St ,  S.  F. 


COAL  MINES  OF  THE  WESTERN  COAST. 

A  few  copies  of  this  work,  the  only  one  ever  published 
treating  of  Pacific  Coast  Coal  Mining,  have  been  ob- 
tained, and  are  for  sale  at  this  office  (or  S2.60  per  copy 
It  was  written  by  W.  A.  Goodyear,  Mining  and  Civil 
Engineer,  formerly  of  the  California  State  Geolocioal 
Survey. 


N.  W.  SPAULDING 


Q 


Manufacturers  of 
SPAULDINQ'S 

Inserted  Tootb 

CHISEL    BIT 

CIRCULAR 

Saws. 


SAW  MILLS   AND   MACHINERY 

Of  all  kinds  made  to  order.    Send  tor  Descriptive  Cata 
logue.    17  aad  19  Fremont  St..  San  FranoUoa 


lro|i  ajid  ^acliipe  hh 


UNION    IRON   WORKS, 

8AOBAMENTO,  OAL. 

ROOT,    NEILSON     &    00., 


UANTTFAOTUHBRS  OP 


Steam     Engines,    Boilers, 


AND  ALL  KINDS  OF 


MACHINERY  FOR  MINING  PURPOSES. 

Flouring  llills,  Saw  Uills  and  Quartz  Mills  Machinery 

constructed,  fitted  up  and  repaired. 
Front  St.,  bet.  N  &0 sts.>         Sacramento,  Oal. 


CALIFORNIA    MACHINE   WORKS, 

WM.  H.  BIRCH  &  CO., 

ENGINEERS    AND    MACHINISTS* 

No.  119  Beale  St..       -       -       San  Francisco. 

BtriLDBRS  OF 

Steam  Engines,  Saw  Mills,  Mining  Machinery,  Dredging 
Machines,  Rock  Crushers,  Cable  Railway  Machinery, 
Ellithorp  Air  Brake  Co. 's  Patent  Steam  and  Hydraulic 
Elevators,  Air  Cushions  and  Air  Brakes.  POSITIVE 
SAFETIES.  Improved  Ram  Elevators,  Sidewalk  and 
Hand  Hoists.  B.  E.  Henrickson's  Patent  Automatio 
Safety  Catches. 

Macliines  of  all  kinds  Made  and  Repaired, 
Orders  Solicited. 


Golden  State  &  Miners  Iron  Works. 

MoEattkctare  Iron  Osstlnas  snd  Machinery 
of  all  Kinds  at  Qreatly  Bednoed  Batea 

STEVENSON'S  PATBUT 

Mold-Board  AMALGAMATORS, 
Golden  State  Preiiure  Blowers. 

Plrai  St.,  between  Howard  St  Folsom,  S.  F. 


reOMAB  THOMPSON 


THORNTON  THOHPSON 


THOMPSON    BROTHERS, 

EUREKA    FOUNDRY, 

129  and  181  Beale  St.,  between  Mission  and  Howard,  S.F 

HANUFAOTITRRRS  OF  0AETINQ8  OF  8VBBT  DISORIPTlON. 


Mining    Engineers. 


Bewick,  Moreing  &  Hooper, 

MINING  ENGINEERS, 

508  California  Street,  San  Francisco,  Oal. 

Suffolk  House,  Laurence,  Pountney  Hill, 

J  ONnON,  K.  C. 

Leake's  Buildings,  Johannesburg, 

SOUTH  AtRICA. 

Report  on  mines  and  undertake  management  of  mining 
proT  er  ies. 


W.  A.  GOODYEAR, 

Civil    and    Mining    Engineer, 

MININ8  EXPERT  AND  GEOLOOIST. 
Address  "  Business  Box  A,"  office  of  this  paper,  San 
Francisco. 


ROSS   B.  BROWNE, 

Mining  and  Hydraulic  Engineer, 

No.  307  Sansomb  St.,  San  Francisco. 


Tioga  District  Mining  Company, 

Incorporated  June  11, 1S89.    Capital  Stock,  310,000,000, 
BUY  AND  SELL 

California  Gold,  Silver, Quicksilver,  Copper 

and  Lead  Mines 

OF    ASCERTAINED    VALUE. 

Office,  No.  13  PARBOTT'S  BUILDING,  N.  W. 

Corner  of  California  and  Montgomery  Streets, 

SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 

war.  B.  WIOHTMAN,  Pres.      WM.  H.  V.  CRONISE.  Sec. 


FOR  SALE  CHEAP. 


One  new  double  circular  Sawmill  to  carry  60-iDch  bot- 
tom saw,  witii  wrought-iron  hangers  for  top  saw.  Fric- 
tion feed-worlis,  patent  steel  screw  double-throw  head- 
blocka,  with  track  iron,  saw  carriage  and  frame  complete. 

RISDON  IRON  &  LOCOMOTIVE  WORKS, 

San  FrsnciBco,  Cal. 


Should  consult 
DEWEY&OO 

Amh  r  ioan 


California  Inventors 

AND  FoitEiGN  Patent  Solicitors,  for  obtainiriB  Patenta 
and  Caveata.  Eatalilisbed  in  I860.  Their  long  experience  aa 
joumalistB  and  larg^  practice  as  Patent  attorneys  enablefl 
them  to  offer  Paci&c  Coast  Inventors  far  better  Burrice  than 
they  can  obtain  else'where.  Send  for  free  olroulars  of  Infor- 
mation.    Offioeot  theMlNXNO  ANSSoiENTIE'IOpKBBSaDd 

FA.OIITO  Bttrai.  Pbksb  No.  330  Market  S.,  San  JPxandaoo. 
EleT&tor,  la  Front  fit. 


JoNE  14,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


407 


PROVED    BELT    FRUE   ORE  CONCENTRATOR. 


The  Beat  Ore  CoDcontrator  in  the  market,  having  doubl<^ 
the  Cipaoity  and  doing  ita  work  as  olose  as  the  plain  Belt 
mAohine,  while  its  concentrations  are  clean.  It  is  Dsed  in 
a  number  of  Mills,  the  most  notable  of  which  is  the 
Alaska  M.  &  M.  Go's  Mill,  where  24  Improved  Kelt  Frues 
are  taking  the  Palp  from  120  Stamps,  crushing  350  tons 
per  d&y,  and  is  Kiviog  entire  satisfaction  as  against  48 
plain  Belt  Machines,  taking  the  Pulp  from  the  other  120 
Stamps, 

Price  off  Improved  Belt  Frue  Vanner,  $825,  f.  o.b. 
Price  of  Plain  Belt  Frue  Vanner,  $575,  f.  o.  b. 


Protected  by  Patents  December22,  1874;  September  2 
1879;  April  27,  18S0;  March  22,  ISSl;  February  20,  1883; 
September  18,  1883;  July  24,  1888.     Patents  applied  for. 


For  Pamphlets,  TestimontalB  and  farther  information 
apply  at  office. 

ADAMS  &  CARTER,  Agents  FRUE  VANNING  MACHINE  CO.,  Room  15, 


There  are  Over  2200  Plain  Belt  Machines  now 
in  Use. 

Th«  HonTANA  CoupAVT  (L)mltcd),  London.  October  8, 1885. 
Drar  Siks  :— Hftvlng  tested  throo  ot  your  Knio  Vaoiioru  in  a  com- 
petitive trial  with  other  elniilar  machhips  (Triumiih),  we  have  Batlefled 
oureelvcB  of  the  superiority  ot  your  Vaniiors,  as  is  evldencfltl  hy  the 
tact  of  our  havinif  orJorod  20  more  o!  vour  iiiacliines  for  tiumo'diate 
aelivory.     Yours  truly,         THE  MONTANA  COMPANY  (Limited). 

N.  B.— Since  the  above  was  written  the  20  Vanners,  havinn  beeD 
started,  t,'ave  euuh  satisfaction  that  44  additional  Frues  and  more 
fltampB  havu  been  purchased.  ADAMS    &,    CARTEU. 

No.  132  Market  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


"TRIUMPH"  ORE  CONCENTRATOR  with  IMPROVED  RIFFLED  BELT. 


The  competitive  triale  which  have  boon  held  betweea  the 
** Triumph"  Ore  Concentrators,  the  **  Frae"  Vannera  and 
other  Forma  of  concentrating  devicea,  do  not  warrant  the  as- 
sertion that  the  **Frae  *  Vanner  ia  the  beat  oreooncentrator  in 
the  market.  The  fact  that  the  "Fruea"  have  improved  {cor- 
rof^ated)  belta  does  not  militate  against  the  superiority  of  the 
"Triumphs;"  for,  when  desired,  they  {the  "Triumphe")  can 
be  mounted  with  a  superior  belt  known  as  the  **  Blasdel  " 
Riffled. 

Price  "  Triumpli "  Concentrators,  with  Im- 
proved (Patented)  Belt       -       •       -        $650  f.  o.  b. 

Price  "  Triumph "  Concentrators,  with 
Plain  Belt $550  f.  o.  b. 


We  are  prepared  to  guarantee  the  suptriority  of  tho  *' Tiiumph" 
the  "  Fruo  "  or  any  other  form  of  Concentrator,  for  coin  if  need  be. 
Circulars  and  testimoDial  letters  futnlshod  on  application. 


JOSHUA  HENDY  MACHINE  WORKS, 

39  to  51  Fremont  Street,     San  Francisco,  Cal. 


Both  the  "Triumph"  Concentrator  and  "Blasdel"  (riDled) 
Belt  are  protected  by  incontestable  letters  patent,  granted 
by  the  Government  of  the  United  States. 

Ori«inal  ICmpire  Mill  and  MininK  Company,  ) 

Principal  Oltice,  401  Celilnriiia  S-.,  ror.  Sanaoroe.  S    F.      } 

Loiation  of  Works,  Grate  Valley,  Nevada  Co.,  Cal.  ) 

Grass  Vallkt,  Nrvada  Co.,  Cai>..  Nov.  lO,  1886. 

Jobhva  nendjt  Machine  Wmkn,  3'J  to  r.l  Fremont  St.,  S.  F.,  Cat.: 

Gbntlkmrn— 1  am  pleased  to  state,  io  reference  to  the  •' Triumph" 
Ore  ConcentratorB.  'that  four  (4)  of  them  were  plarcl  in  the  mUl  of  the 
Original  Emipre  Mill  and  Mining  Company  in  April,  1S84,  and  a  thorough 
teat  made  of  their  practical  opcr  tion;  and  fthoir  eHiciency  havinj;  been 
dcmouptrated,  four  (4)  more  were  subsequently  introduced  aa  the  comple- 
ment of  the  Twenty  (20)  Stamp  Mill,  and  the  eight  (8)  have  been  and  are 
novv  running'  with  ealirel>'  afttififactory  resulta. 

At  the  Ten  (10)  Stamp  Mill  of  the  North  Star  Miniup  Company,  unHer 
my  aupervisiou.  four  (4)  are  also  in  BU'-cessful  operation,  and  from  my 
obeervation  of  their  pracical  workings,  I  am  convinced  that  this  form  of 
Concentrators  is  tlie  equal,  if  not  superior  to  any  othc  style  of  Vannera 
or  coDceutiatinf,-- devices.  DAVID  McKAY,  Jr., 

[Siened]  Sup't  North  Star  and  Original  Empire  Mining  Co. 

N,  B.  When  thestampiny  capacity  of  the  two  above  named  mills  was  in- 
creased, more  "  Triumph  "  Concentrators  were  purchased,  and  twenty- 
eight  (28)  are  now  in  constant  successful  operation. 


CALIFORNIA    WIRE    WORKS 

hallidie's 
Patent  \/SJire  Ropeway, 


MANUFACTUBEBS  OF 

Steel  "Wire   Rope, 

OF  ALL  KINDS  FOR 

GABLE  RAILWAYS, 

ROPEWAYS  and  TRAMWAYS, 

Mining,  Shipping  &  General  Purposes. 


ESTABLISHED  1852. 


INCORPORATED  1882 


WIRE, 

BARBED  WIRE, 
WIRE  NAILS, 

WIRE  CLOTH. 

Full  Assortment  Always  In  Stock. 


O  F^  I  C  E  :  L  4-i  _    -l)feS<-     ^-fe 

9  Fremont  Street,  San  Francisco. 

Send  for  Illustrated  Catalogue, 


For  the  Economical  and  Bapid 

Transportation    of   Ore 

and  other  material. 


Erected  by  Us  During  the  Past  Fourteen  Years  In  Spans  o 

200  TO  2,000  FEET. 


r,^^<t  iemrt^%-.  ^ 


fm.^^^tM  Simple,  Economical  and  Durable. 


TRAKSPOSTATION     OF    ORE    BY     HAI,I.IDIE'S     PATEKT    TriBE    SOFEWAY. 


HAVE   BEEN  THOROUGHLY  TESTED 
In  all  Parts  of  the  Country. 


IF".  J^n 


iixjn>a'T:"inxrc3rT?o  nxr, 

MANDFACTUKBR    OP  


^"n=- 


Cehtrlfagal  Roller  Quartz  Mill. 


CENTRIFUGAL  ROLLER  QUARTZ  MILLS, 

Concentrators  and  Ore  Crushers, 
Mining  Machinery  of  Every  Description.        Steam  Engines  and  Shingle  Machines. 


SEND    FOR    CIRCUIiAR. 


213    I'lu.ssT    iS'n*.:Bs:ES'r, 


s.A.Tsr    afn.aL.pa-oisoo.    ca.Xj. 


IMPORTANT  TO  GOLD  MINERS! 

SILVER-PLATED  AMALGAM  PLATES  for  SAVING  GOLD 

IN    QUARTZ,    GRAVEL    AND    PLACER    MINING. 
PRICES  GREATLY  REDUCED. 

Only  Befined  Silver  and  Best  Copper  used,    Over  3000  Orders  filled.    Fifteen  Kedals  Awarded,    Old  Mining  Plates  can   be 

Eeplated,    Old  Plates  Bought,  or  Gold  Separated, 

These  Plates  can  also  be  purchased  of  JOHN  TAVI.OR  &  CO.,  Corner  First  and  Mission  Sts 

San  Francisco  Gold,  Silver  and  Nickel  Plating  Works,  653  &  655  Mission  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  E.  G.  Denniston,  Prop'r. 

Our  Plates  have  been  used  for  20  years.    They  havejDroved  the  best.    We  adhere  strictly  to  contract  in  welBht  of  Sliver  and 
Copper.      SBND  FJR  OIKOULAB. 


410 


Mining  and  Scientific  Prf::ss. 


[June  14,  1890 


JOSHUA  HENDY  MACHINE  WORKS, 


aNCORPOEATBD    SEPTEMBER    29,     1882.J 


Nos.  39  to  51  Fremont  Street, 


San  Francisco,  OaL 


lanufacturers  of  HEW  and  Dealers  in  SECOND-HAND  BOILERS,  ENGINES,  PDMPS  and  MACHINERY 


Steam  Pumps  of  all  Makes, 

CENTRIFUGAL    PUMPS, 

MINING    PUMPS. 

BLOWERS  AND   EXHAUST  FANS. 

LEATHER  and  RUBBER 

^  ES  Xj  TP 1 3>J"  O- 

Stationary,  Portable,  and  HoistiDg 
ENGINES  and  BOILERS. 

Shafting, 

Pulleys, 

Boxes. 

Hangers. 


OF    E^vTER^Sr    ■V-A-ItlET^'Sr. 


LUBRICATING  COMPOUNDS  and  OILS  of  the  Best  Makes. 
PIPE  and  PIPE  FITTINGS. 

Bras'^"  Goocls_and    Fittings. 

Hydraulic  Mining,  Quartz,   and  Saw-Mill  Machinery,  Hydraulic  Gravel 

Elevatorii,  Hydraulic  Giants,  "  Triumph  "  Ore  Concentrators, 

Automatic  Ore  Feeders. 

WOODWORKING 
MACHINERY 

— COMPEISINQ-— 

Band.    Saws,    Stickers, 

Planers,  Shapers, 
SHINGLE  MILLS,  Etc. 


COMPOUND  uui'LEX  ruaip. 


IMPROVED     SINGLE     AND     DOUBLE     CIRCULAR     SAW-MILLS. 

AGENTS    FOE    THE    SALE    OP 

"Eclipse  Corliss"  Engines,  "Russell"  Automatic  Engines,  "Climax"  Band  Saw-Mills,  "Economizer"  Boilers  and  Engines,  "Erie  Engine  Works" 
Boilers  and  Engine",  Trenton  Iron  Works  Specialties  of  Wire  Ropes,  Garlock's  Elastic  Spiral  Packing,  "Baker"  Rotary  Pressure 
Blowers,  Rotary  and  Centrifugal  Pumps,  Buffalo  Duplex  Steam  Pumps,  Exhaust  Steam  Injectors,  Automatic  Re- 
Starting  Injectors,  Machinists'  Tools  of  all  Styles  for  all  Work. 

PARKE    &    LACY  COMPANY 

IMPORTERS    AND    MANUFACTURBRS    OF 

MINING,     MILL    and    GENERAL     MACHINERY. 


ENGINES,  BOILERS,  STEAM  PUMPS, 

AIR  COMPRESSORS,  ROOK  DRILLS, 
WALL'S  CRUSHING  ROLLS, 

CONCENTRATORS,  PULVERIZERS, 
TURBINE  WATER  WHEELS. 

ROOK  BREAKERS.  DRY  JIGS. 

Bullock's  Diamond  Drills 


GOLDEN  GATE  CONCENTRATORS, 

GREATEST  CAPACITY  OF  ANY  CONCENTRATOR  MADE, 
One  Machine  Taking  Pulp  from  10  Stamps. 


SAW    MILLS,    MACHINE    TOOLS, 
PLANING  MILLS,  INJECTORS  and  EJECTORS 
BELTING.  PACKING,  OILS,  LUBRICATORS, 
FIRE    EXTINGUISHERS. 
CENTRIFUGAL   PUISCPS 
ROTARY  PUMPS.  GANG  EDGERS, 
CAMPBELL'S    STEAM    FEEDS, 
MILL    and    MINE    SUPPLIES. 


c3r:EsjsnE2n..A.ij    ^SL.CrjEiTir'rs    x*oz<. 


WESTINGHOUSE    AUTOMATIC     ENGINES. 


166  KNGINKS, 
4260  HOKSE  FOWUR. 


SALES    DDBING    LAST    POUR    MONTHS: 

COMPOUND,  ,,r,**^SiHV6%^n.  STANDARD,  «oo'io"l's'i'?S^w^R.  JUNIOR, 

Grrra,n.<3.   'To-ta.l,    309    XIxislu^s,    .A-ss^^SA-'tluS   13.975    XXoirso    DE'ox'CT-exT. 

21  and  23  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.  189  Clarence  St.,  Sydney,  N.  S.  W 


ADAMANTINE  SHOES  &  DIES 

FOR    STAMP    MILLS. 

These  SHOES  and  DIES  are  in  extensive  use  in  all  fhe  mining  States  and 

Territories  of  North  and  South  America.    Guaranteed  to  :  rove  better  and  cheaper 

7i?T     than  any  others.    Orders  solicited,  subject  to  above 

conditions. 

— M.\NUFACTURED    BY — 

CHROIVIE  STEEL  WORKS,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 
H.  D.  MORRIS,  Agent, 

220  Freiuont  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cat, 
2   Special  attention  given  to  the  purchase  of  Mine  and  Mill  Supplies. 


PERFECT  PULLEYS 

First  Premiium  Awarded  at  Mechanics'   Fair,    1884. 

Sole  Licensed  Manufacturers  of  the 

MEDART    PATENT    WROUGHT    EIM    PULLEY 

For  the  States  of  California,  Oregon  and  Nevada,  and  tjie  Territories  of  Idaho,  Waahington 

Montana,  Wyoming,  Utah  and  Arizona.      Lightest,  Strongest,  Cheapest  and 

Beat  Balanced  Pulley  in  the  World.      Also  Manufacturers  of 

PAT.  Out.  26, 1881.         SHAFTING,    HANGERS    AND    APPURTENANCES. 

i^SBNS  FOR  ClSLfJOMSM  AMD  PEIOB  LlBT.'Sl 

Nos.  129  and  181  FHBMONT  8TBBBT  BAN    FBANOISOO,  OAIi, 


VOL.    LX.-  Number  35. 

DEWEY    <t   CO.,    PUBU6HER6. 


SAN    FRANCISCO,    SATURDAY,  JUNE  21,    1890. 


Tcree  Dollars  per  Annum. 


A  Light  and  Power  Plant. 

The  Roaring  Fork  E  ectrio  Light  &  Powrr 
Co.  of  Aspen,  Oolo,,  a  part  of  whose  plunt  is 
shown  herewith,  affords  a  very  intereeting  ap- 
plication of  water-power  to  the  prodnction  of 
electrical  energy  and  the  convenient  and  prctit- 
able  nse  made  of  it  in  mining  operations.  This 
was  one  of  the  first  attempts  on  a  aoale  of  any 
magnitude  to  operate  the  various  machinery  re- 
quired In  mills  and  mines  by  electric  tranamtB 
sion,  and  the  suaoees  that  has  attended  the 
venture  has  attracted  wide  attention. 

These  works  are  located  near  the  thriving 
mining  town  of  Aspen,  in  the  heart  of  the 
Rocky  Mountain  range,  a  place  of  some  7000 
inhabitants,  having  an  elevation  of  nearly  8000 
feet.  The  power  plant  consists  of  eight  24-inoh 
Pdlton  wheels,  which  ran  1000  revolutions  un- 
der a  bead  of  S20  feet,  with  a  maximum  capac- 
ity of  175  b.  p.  each,  aggregating  some  1400 
h.  p.  The  power  developed  is  made  to  conform 
to  the  requirements  of  the  machinery  run  by 
the  use  of  reducing  tips,  so  that  only  as  much 
water  is  applied  to  the  wheels  as  is  necessary 
to  run  the  machinery  to  which  they  are  at- 
tached. 

K  ch  wheel  runs  a  separate  dynamo,  the  cod- 
necjion  being  made  by  belt  direct,  without  in- 
termediate gearing.  Close  regulation  is  a£Ford- 
ed  by  means  of  deflecting  nozzle  and  hydraulic 
governor  attached  to  each  wheel.  Water  is 
brought  to  the  station  in  a  single  line  of  pipe, 
consisting  of  500  feet  of  16-inch  and  3500  feet 
of  141ncb,  discharging  into  a  receiver,  from 
which  short  connections  are  made  to  each 
wheel. 

The  station  is  running  120  arc  lights  of  2000 
0,  p.  each;  also  2000  16  c.  p.  incandescent 
lights,  the  former  being  operated  by  the  B.-nsh 


HAULiiNG    AjiBlG^RBDWUODfcLOG    TOi,TflE;4MlL.L.— See  page  419. 


and  the  latter  by  the  Westinghouse  alternat- 
ing current  machines.  These  lights  are  distrib- 
uted cvdr  an  area  of  some  four  square  miles, 
and  are  used  for  lighting  the  streets  of  the 
towr,  hotels,  stores,  private  residences,  etc. 
They  are  also  used  to  a  considerable  extent  in 
the  mines,  mills  and  sampling  works  in  the 
vicinity.     The  eleotric-power  plant  consists  at 


present  of  one  60  h.  p,  and  six  20  b.  p.  Sprague 
motorF,  which  fnrnieh  power  to  underground 
purnp',  hoists,  tramways,  sampling  works, 
etc  ,  at  distances  varying  from  one  to  two 
mUca  from  the  station. 

Some  idea  of  the  enormous  power  of  these 
wheels,  running  under  the  conditions  noted, 
may  ba  obtained  from  the  fact  that  the  weight 


of  the  wheels  alone  is  but  90  pounds  each, 
showing,  therefore,  a  capacity  of  nearly  two- 
horse  power  for  every  one  pound  of  weight  of 
material,  and  including  aosessories  to  make 
plant  oomplete,  such  as  shafting,  pulleys,  boxes, 
gate,  nozzlep,  etc.,  the  proportion  would  be  4^ 
pounds  of  material  to  every  horse-power  devel- 
oped. The  relative  proportion  in  the  beat 
type  of  steam  plants  would 
be  from  400  to  500  pounds 
of  material  to  every  horse- 
power developed. 

Aa  regards  the  reliability 
of  this  power  equipment, 
the  statement  is  made  that 
the  wheels  have  worked 
perfectly  wifhont  inter- 
ruption from  any  cause 
since  they  were  started. 
Considering  the  severe 
weather  encountered  at 
such  an  altitude  during  the 
winter  leasoo,  this  record 
may  be  considered  as  noth- 
ing less  than  remarkable. 
The  statement  is  also  made 
that  no  interruption  of  any 
moment  has  occurred  in 
the  electrical  set  vice,  it 
having  given  entire  satis- 
faction. 


ELEGTBiC    LIGHT    AND    PoWfiS    PLANT    RDNJSING    EIGBT_PELTON    WHEELS    "WITH    CAPACITY    OF    140O    HOBSE-POWEE. 


Patent  Infringement 
StriTS  — The  Judeon  Manu- 
facturing Co.  has  filed  a 
bill  in  ( quity  in  the  United 
States  Circuit  Court,  pray- 
ing that  Barge  &  Djnahoe 
shall  be  enjained  from  in- 
fringing on  a  patented  cul- 
tivator and  weed-cutter. 
Zan  Bros.  &  Co.  have 
brought  a  suit;  of  the  same 
nature  and  in  the  same 
court  against  Jamea  Lirng 
for  the  infringement  of  a 
patented  device  in  brooma. 


412 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[J0NB  21,  1890 


G0f^F^ESP0IMDE^'CE. 


We  admit,  unindorsed,  opinions  of  correspondenta. — Eds. 


Mines  and  Mills  of  Shasta  Oounty. 

NUMBER    V. 

[From  our  Travelinc  Correspondent.] 

The  next  mill  and  mine  moving  southerly,  is 
the  'Central,"  owned  by  banker  Blisa  and  Mr. 
Whitehoase,  of  New  York.  This  mine  has  a 
good  record  aa  far  as  the  value  of  the  ore 
goep,  but,  from  what  1  learn,  has  been  rather 
badly  handled,  in  the  way  of  expending  the 
yilues  in  shipping  large  quantities  of  ore  to 
various  parts,  instead  of  working  it  on  the 
ground.  This  company  have  a  large  mill,  a 
Huntington  of  the  largest  pattern,  six  Frae 
concentrators — with  any  amount  of  silver 
platep,  and  yet  could  not  work  the  ore  to  a  sat- 
isfactory per  cenf,  from  what  cause  I  could  not 
find  out.  The  mill  is  run  by  steam-power  and 
is  located  on  the  Sacramento  river,  and  some 
miles  from  the  mine,  which  is  directly  biok, 
hauling  being  all  donn-hill.  The  mine  has  a 
fair  opening  by  tunnels,  at  the  same  time  there 
is  not  200  feet  vertical  development  on  the 
lode.  The  size  of  the  vein  varies  irom  2^  to  12 
feet;  the  rock  carries  a  good  qaality  of  kulpbu* 
rets,  and  nt  times  pockets  of  tree  gold. 

What  this  property  wants  is  being  opened  in 
depth.  At  the  present  time  there  la  but  little 
work  being  done,  but  Mr,  Aathony,  the  super- 
intendent, expeots  to  enlarge  his  operating 
force  soon. 

What  seems  so  strange  to  your  correspond- 
ent is,  that  in  Nevada,  Amador  and  Calaveras 
oounties,  where,  as  a  general  thing,  the  lodes 
are  not  more  thin  half  the  size  they  are  in  the 
this  district,  they  will  not  be  content  until  they 
are  down  from  300  to  1000  feet,  while  in  this 
district,  they  keep  skimmiog  along  the  surface. 
Here,  unless  it  pays  from'  the  start,  the  lodes 
have  but  location  work.  The  history  of  Call 
fornia  is,  that  the  best  mint^s  never  paid  much, 
until  after  a  depth  of  from  300  to  1000  feet  wa. 
reached. 

This  Old  Dlggins  district  bids  fair,  on  greater 
development,  to  be  a  very  interesting  and  Vil- 
aable  section  of  Shasta  county.  It  Is  a  mineral 
belt  about  two  miles  in  width,  and  how  much 
over  ten  miles  long  I  cannot  say,  all  full  of 
large  and  small  lodes,  some  opened  fairly,  but 
the  greatest  nnmber  barely  touched,  and  all 
claimed  by  people  who  never  do  even  assess- 
ment work. 


Gold  in  the  Cascades. 

Continuation  of  the  California  Mineral  Belt. 

Editors  Peess: — Having  spent  several  weeks 
in  the  Ctscade  range  direotly  east  of  this  place 
(Seattle),  on  the  Snoqualmie  river,  prospect* 
lag  and  making  geological  investigations.  I 
find  that  section  fairly  good  in  miaeral.  The 
conatry  has  long  been  neglected  on  account  of 
the  difficulties  encountered  in  prospecting  it. 
The  timber  is  exceedingly  dense,  the  mount 
aina  being  very  heavily  timbered,  besides  the 
shrubbery,  herb?,  and,  in  fact,  all  manner  of 
vegetation,  giving  it  an  "  Oregonian  "  if  not  an 
"Amazonian"  appearance.  It  is  needless  to 
say  the  region  has  not  been  prospected  for  the 
simple  reason  that  other  parts  of  the  globe 
presdnt  a  more  accessible  and  open  field  for 
the  prospeotor's  inspeotion.  Here  the  great  fir 
and  cedar  forests  are  indeed  dark  aod  dismal. 
It  is  hard  labor  to  ascend  these  mountains, 
and,  owiog  to  the  almost  exclusive  covering  of 
the  mountains  with  drift  and  soil,  it  is,  as  yon 
can  imagine,  a  hard  country  to  piospect.  The 
outcrops  being  obBcured  by  supeifialal  de- 
posits, it  riq  aires  skilled  workmen  to  find  mines 
in  this  section.  The  mineral-bearing  formations 
are  here,  however,  and  good  miaes  have  al- 
ready been  found. 

The  geological  formatioo  of  the  country 
about  the  headwaters  of  the  Sacqaalmie  is 
granite,  gneiss,  porphyry  and  dlotite.  The 
writer  has  observed  valuable  ledges  of  gold 
q  aartz,proBpecting  good  in  free  gold,  showing  the 
native  gold  in  visible  particles,  even  without 
crushing  and  panning.  Nor  is  that  all;  there 
are  not  only  ii;;h  gold  mines  here,  but  aUo  rich 
veins  of  silver,  copper,  lead  and  iron. 

It  is  my  opinion  that  good  placer  digging?  ex- 
ist in  some  of  the  gulches,  from  the  fact  that  I 
have  obtained  shot  gold  from  the  rim-rook,  not 
being  able  to  reach  the  lovrer  bedrock  on  ac- 
count of  depth  and  water. 

Am  confident  that  in  a  few  years  this  will  be 
a  famms  mineral-prodnoing  country;  the  en- 
tire region  between  Mt.  B  tker  and  Mb.  Rilnier 
is  favorable,  geologically,  for  the  existence  of 
vast  mineral  wealth.  After  having  spent  15 
years  in  the  R)cky  mountains,  I  pronounce 
this  field  vistLy  superior  fororofitable  mining 
to  the  continental  divide.  Hare  we  have  an 
abundance  of  wood  and  water,  and  the  facili- 
ties for  treating  even  bise  ores  are  second  to 
none. 

In  oonolusioD,  I  predict  a  snirit  of  enterprise 
in  the  development  of  these  Cascade  mines  ex- 
^■<it1y  like  that  in  general  going  on  in  this 
S^ate. 

Toe  mines  are  here,  and  from  those  rugged 
mountains,  over  wbica  the  giant  sentinel,  Mt. 
B. linier,  'Mooma  inspiring"  in  ** silence  and 
a\ve,"  there  will  ^^  untold  millions  given  to  the 


The  Mines  of  Amador  County. 

[By  Our  Own  Correapondent.] 
Amador's  reputation  in  gold-qnartz  mining 
has  been  established  for  so  many  years  that  it 
is  not  neoeseary  at  this  time  to  go  into  a  gen- 
eral history  of  her  quartz-mining  interests.  In- 
stead, I  shall  confine  myself  as  briefly  as  possi- 
ble to  the  present  condition  of  the  mining  in- 
dustry. 

Jackson. 
The  Amador  G.  M.  Co.'s  60  stamp  mill  is  at 
present  idle.  The  shaft  is  being  put  down 
from  the  600  to  700  foot  level,  and  the  prop' 
erty  put  in  shap^  to  run.  The  heavy  rains  of 
the  past  winter  fiaoded  the  mine  and  retarded 
niterations.  Mr.  Darling  iff  snperintandent. 
Ex  Senator  Wallace  of  Pennsylvania  and  Eng- 
lish capitalists  own  the  property,  which 
low-grade  propoait  on,  with  plant  to  work  it 
on  an  extensive  and  economical  scale. 

The  Zeile, 
Mr,  W,  F.  D^tett,  eoperintendent,  has  been 
in  operation  since  the  "fifties."  The  No, 
1  shaft  is  now  down  1160  feet  on  the  vein,  with 
the  shaft  No.  2  down  to  270  feet.  The  vein 
carries  an  Lyerage  width  of  25  feet,  though  the 
main  ore-shoot  is  40  feet  in  width  and  50O  feet 
long.  The  ores  carry  2^  percentof  snlphurets. 
The  mine  is  a  low-gradb  proposition.  The  mill 
has  40  stamp?,  crnshing  140  tons  a  day.  The 
power  is  water  and  stesm;  that  is,  water,  with 
steam  auxiliary.  In  adtition,  the  company 
has  its  own  chlorlnation  works  of  three  tons  a 
day  capacity. 

The  Kennedy. 

The  Kennedy,  Mr.  J.  F.  Parks  superintend- 
ent, is  in  very  good  ore,  and  the  mine  is  paying 
handsomely.  The  mine  is  opened  by  two  shafts, 
distant  600  feet  from  eaoh  other.  The  main 
workiog  shaft,  or  No.  1,  is  now  down  to  1150 
feet.  Shaft  No,  2  is  now  down  1050  feet  and 
will  be  put  down  to  1350  feet  and  connected 
with  No,  1,  The  vein  runs  from  1  to  15  feet  in 
width.  The  vain-matter  carries  1^  per  cent  of 
sulphnrete.  At  this  time  the  qnanz  is  general- 
ly reported  as  going  from  $8  to  S13  a  ton. 

The  mill  has  40  stamps  and  16  frues.  Juat 
below  the  Kennedy  mill  Mr.  Geo.  Gites  has  put 
in  the  Gates  hydraulic  concentrator  to  re- 
work the  mill's  tailings.  The  plant  handles  90 
tons  every  24  Hours.  The  16  tables  are  12  feet 
wide  and  14  feet  long.  These  tables  are  fioora 
with  a  slight  ^  pitch  covered  with  ducking, 
which  is  put  on  across  the  tables  and  al- 
lowed to  lap.  The  tailings  are  distributed  over 
tables  by  a  scries  of  perforated  sluices.  When 
the  tailings  have  passed  over  the  canvass  for  a 
given  time  they  are  shut  off  of  a  siogle  table, 
and  that  ore  dropped  Into  a  sluice,  which  car- 
ries it  to  an  extra  table  which  is  used  for  that 
purpose  above  where  it  discharges,  until  the 
table  from  which  it  was  shut  off  is  cleared, 
when  it  feeds  on  to  its  regular  table.  The  ore 
shut  off,  clear  water  is  turned  on,  and  the 
canvass  allowed  to  clean  itself  of  sand,  when 
an  end  board  is  turned  up,  which  carries  the 
discharge  into  a  sluice-mill  with  a  special  noz. 
zle,  that  throws  a  fiit  stream  of  water.  The 
tables  are  then  washed  down  and  when  cleaned, 
the  tailings  turned  on,  and  the  adjMntng  table 
cleaned.  By  this  method  of  washing,  the  ta- 
bles are  owed  for  by  one  man,  cleaning  a  table 
in  30  seconds,  I  saw  a  table  which  had  run  one 
hour  and  twenty  minutes,  and  when  the  sand 
was  washed  off,  the  canvass  was  ccvared  with 
very  fine  eulphurets.  The  concenirates  from 
thepe  tables  are  re-cleaned  in  Mr.  Gite's  "Gold- 
en Qieen"  concentrator,  which  is  a  series  of 
boxis,  ten  inches  in  width  and  seven  feet  in 
length.  Oa  one  side  of  these  boxes  a  metal 
trough  is  hong  and  the  ore,  flowing  down  the 
same,  diEcharges  through  small  perforations. 
About  half-way  down  the  trough,  a  stream  of 
clear  water  discharges  on  to  the  tables.  The 
table  has  a  side-jar  motion,  the  re  cleaned  sul- 
phurets  discharging  through  two  small  open- 
ings to  one  side  and  in  the  fiior  of  the  sluice. 
The  plant  is  the  most  extensive  and  complete 
of  any  canvass  plant  in  use,  and  promises  to  be 
a  sucoess. 

Six  miles  northeast  of  Jackson  is  a  group  of 
mines  that  have  proved  good  properties. 
Among  them  are: 

The  Reld  and  Anskey  Mine. 

This  property  was  closed  by  the  storms.  Tbe 
owners  have  now  interested  outside  capita),  and 
the  property  is  worked  on  a  more  extensive  scale 
than  heretofore.  The  gold  from  this  mine  is 
very  heavy,  the  vein  being  both  pocket  and 
milling. 

The  Girdnier,  in  the  same  vicinity,  is  arrang- 
ing to  build  a  40-8tamp  mill. 

TheKsEzie  mine  is  closed  for  repairs.  The 
Huntingtons  will  start  up  as  soon  as  the  re- 
pairs are  c-tmpleted.  The  ores  of  this  section 
run  from  $6  to  $10  a  ton,  with  veins  from  two 
to  ten  feet  in  width. 

Sutter  Creek. 
The  Summit  mine  was  worked  in  the  early 
days,  when  ores  were  not  counted  of  value  un- 
less they  ran  very  high  In  value.  The  prop 
erty  adjoins  the  old  Eareka.  and  the  best 
authorities  in  the  county  consider  it  an  eqaally 
good  property.  The  vain  has  been  developed 
to  a  depth  of  600  feet.  The  property  is  not 
operated  at  this  time. 

The  WUdman. 
The  shaft  is  now  down  700  feet.     The  vein 
runs  from  6  to  30  feet  in  width.      The  ore  oar- 
ries  2,^  per  cent  of  sulphnretg.     The  mill  has  20 

«5^mp«  904  ]Q  Rjor?  mU  fee  s^jge^.   fo^v  yd- 


umph  and  four  fi'rue  concentrators  elbow  each 
other  for  supremacy.  Six  Knight  and  one 
Donnelly  water*wheeld  are  used.  Oae  Knight 
hydraulic  pump  lifts  the  mine  seepage  from  the 
700-foot  level.  A  25-electric  light  plant  il 
lumlnates  the  mill.  £ix  and  Firth  air  com- 
pressor and  power  drills  are  used. 

A  sawmill  for  framing  timbers  will  now  be 
added.  The  batteries  are  of  Knight's  make. 
This  mine  was  oonsidered  '*  no  good,"  and  was 
virtually  abandoned  when  Mr.  Tregloan,  Sr., 
took  it  in  hand  and  interested  Boston  capital  in 
its  merits.  Under  his  management  It  has  paid 
right  along,  almost  all  of  the  present  plant  be 
ing  paid  foi  out  of  the  earnings  of  the  mi^e. 

The  Mahoney  nroperty  ia  owned  by  Valen- 
tine Bros,  of  S.  F,    At  present  it  is  idle. 

The  Lincoln  mine  ia  being  worked  under 
lease  by  S.  P.  R.  Stewart  and  brother  of  the 
Senator.  The  mine  is  opened  to  a  depth  of  SOO 
feet.  There  is  a  40-stamp  mill  on  the  propertv, 
also  a  good  hoist,  though  out  of  repair.  This 
mine  is  considered  as  good  as  any  in  the  coun- 
ty, and  should  be  worked  to  its  full  capac- 
ity, but  owing  to  some  trouble  among  the 
owners,  is  now  comparatively  idle.  TheSatter 
Creek  is  hung  up.  I  will  have  more  to  say 
of  Amador  mines  next  week. 

EH.  SCHAEFFLE. 


The  Hart  &  Fleming  Mine. 

Editoes  Press;— I  see  in  article  No.  4  on 
*' Mmes  and  Mills  of  Shasta  Co.,"  your  corre- 
spondent says  Hart  &  Fleming  ore  carries  1  per 
cent  Bulphurets.  Toe  average  of  the  whole 
mine  is  5^  per  cent.  The  low-grade  we  mill 
and  concentrate  carries  2h  per  cent,  or  we  save 
2^-  per  cent  concentrates,  and  they  net  us  $200 
tt  S250  per  ton.  This  clear  of  working  charges 
and  freight.  Ore  we  ship  nets  over  $100  per 
ton.  Your  corrcBpondent  says  the  lode  is 
opened  by  several  tunnels,  the  upper  onee,  how- 
ever, being  about  worked  out.  No,  1  tunnel 
has  a  3  foot  ledge  of  good  pay  ore  in  the  face, 
and  a  very  small  portion  of  the  ground  stoped 
out.  The  mouth  of  the  tunnel  is  closed  by  a 
slide  from  the  mountain,  which  came  down 
during  last  winter,  and  we  have  not  opened  It 
since,  but  propose  to  do  so  soon.  No.  1  is  330- 
foot  level;  No.  2  is  410  foot  levd.  We  have 
stoped  considerable  ore,  but  only  a  small  por- 
tion of  the  amount  developed.  No.  3  tunnel 
is  over  our  530-foot  levpl,  and  connected  by 
wiDzss  and  upraises  with  Nos.  1  and  2,  and  is 
700  feet  long,  and  30O  feet  of  this  in  good  ore, 
and  a  3  foot  ledge  high-grade  ore  In  face  now, 
2'fnot  gauge  alongside  on  foot- wall. 

Your  correspondent  says,  one  remarkable 
feature  connected  with  this  property  is  that  it 
belongs  to  two  preachers.  He  wa?  misinformed, 
although  onp,  Mr.  Fteming,  is  a  looal  preacher 
in  the  M.  E  South  Chnrob.  The  original  lo- 
cator of  the  mine,  Mr.  Hart,  ia  a  miner  and  has 
been  all  his  life,  or  since  able  to  do  anything, 
and  has  managed  mines  and  mills  for  30  years 
in  different  parts  of  the  world.  While  he  has 
not  the  honor  of  b^ing  a  preacher,  he  is  a  lay- 
man in  the  M  E  Ctiurch  and  knows  that  min- 
ing business  can  ha  run,  and*sacce8Bfnlly,  with- 
out swearing. 

In  oonclosLon,  we  find  our  present  method  of 
working  to  be  the  most  profitable  to  us.  A 
smelter  or  to  dry  crush  and  chlorlnation  on  the 
ground  would  he  the  most  profitable.  We  are 
now  driving  a  No.  4  tunnel  In  250  feet.  When 
we  strike  pay  and  good  ore  in  this,  we  will  then 
turn  onr  attention  to  working  the  ore  for  per- 
manent business.  Hope  yon  will  pardon  us 
for  troubling  you,  we  wanted  you  to  have  the 
facts,  but  don't  care  to  advnrfiHfi  '^■nr  huolness 
or  aoreiir  in  nrint  Hart  &  Fleming, 

Bedding,  Shasta  Co. 


The  Gold  Belt  of  Northern  California. 


Elver   Channels   and 
Deposits. 


number   n. 


The  El  Dorado  county  slate  quarries  are  in- 
creasing their  output.  An  essential  character- 
istic of  good  slate  is  plane  of  cleavage.  It  is  of 
record  that  a  piece  of  sUte  from  El  Dorado 
county  one  inch  in  thickness  was  split  into 
more  than  30  layers.  The  only  quarries  now 
being  worked  In  are  those  of  Coili  Bir,  2^ 
miles  from  Placsrville,  on  the  road  to  Gaorge' 
town;  the  American  river  runs  through  the 
ground.  Samples  of  this  slate  have  been  plaoed 
1q  the  Mining  Barean  and  experts  pronounce  it  of 
fine  quality.  The  slate  deposit,  so  far  as  can  be 
detei  mined  by  surface  indications  and  open- 
ings actually  made,  is  a  large  one.  The  quali- 
ties of  the  sUte  are  the  desirable  ones  of  te- 
nacity, elasticity,  moderate  hardness,  and  per- 
feet  cleavage  Another  qaarry  was  opened  on 
this  property  in  May,  1SS9,  from  which  roofing 
slate  in  onnstderable  qaan.ity  is  being  taken. 
The  new  California  thiater  in  San  Francisco  Is 
roofed  with  slate  from  these  quarriep,  and 
many  contractors  for  new  builJings  In  this 
city  and  other  cities  in  diffarent  parts  of  the 
Stite  have  acoeplied  the  material  for  the  same 
purpose.  SUte  quarrying  U  a  comparativfily 
new  industry  in  California,  bat  as  the  E.  Do- 
rado article  appears  to  be  coming  into  general 
use,  it  is  safe  to  predict  that  io  time  it  will  be 
an  important  one. 

There  is  considerable  excitement  herft  over 
new  finds  of  gold  in  Swank  creek,  near  E  lens- 
burgh,  Washington,  one  party  taking  out  as 
high  as  $60  a  day. 

The  United  Verde  Copper  Mining  Co.  of 
Arizona  ban  declared  a  dividend  of  10  cents  per 
sbare,  or  $30  000,  fiiis  w  the  first  iJiyidend 
Binpe  4pH^  1S86. 


[Written  for  the  Minino  asd  Scientific  Press  by  James 
P.  TALBDTr,  Shady  Run.  Placer  Co.] 

Mr.  AmoB  Bowman,  who  was  actively  en- 
gaged in  the  geological  survey  of  the  State,  and 
is  scientific  authority  on  the  subject,  wrote  an 
article  atvaral  years  ago  on  the  '*  Pliocene 
Rivera  of  California."  He  accounts  for  the 
changes  from  a  scientific  standpoint.  He  says  : 
*'  The  hundred  transient  volcanoes  of  the 
Sierra  Nevada,  associating  themaelves  with 
things  beyond.  Aimed  up  for  a  period  and 
marked  the  end  of  an  epoch." 

He  divides  the  successive  changes  into  cor- 
responding periods  of  time  : 

let.  The  pliocene  or  ancient  eroding  period 
which  continued  uniform  for  many  thousands  of 
years,  and  the  gravel  making  era  followed  in 
succession  and  lasted  thousands  of  years  more 
before  the  present  canyons  began. 

2d.  The  pliocene  filling  of  the  canyons 
and  rivers  with  gravel,  or  the  choking  and  dam- 
ming period. 

31.  The  volcanic  period  of  the  Sierras, 
when  the  gravel  was  capped  with  lava. 

4th,    The  cold  or  glacial  period. 

5th.  The  modern  eroding  period,  when  the 
present  canyons  were  cut  out. 

In  regard  to  the  first  period,  it  is  evident  those 
canyons  were  cut  out  and  the  gravel  and  gold  de- 
posited in  them  prior  to  the  vulcanic  period. 
Grsologists  have  established  a  period  of  time 
when  those  ancient  rivers  existed,  and,  as  we 
may  suppose,  drained  the  western  slope  of  the 
Sierras  and  deposited  the  gravel  and  gold  in  the 
eame  way  as  the  present  riverp,  although  on  a 
mnch  larger  scale  and  from  the  pi  imitive  source. 

It  is  a  self  evident  fact  that  this  period  ended 
when  a  succeeding  one  commenced.  Existing 
conditions  and  development  of  facts  indicate 
beyond  a  doubt  that  the  succeeding  period  was 
the  volcanic,  and  that  all  the  changes  referred 
to  by  Mr.  Bowman  are  accounted  for  during 
this  one  period,  except  *' the  cold  or  glacial 
period,"  which,  with  due  deference, .  I  ignore 
altogether.  Ftcts  will  be  adduced  hureafter  to 
es^^ablish  conolueively  the  co-existence  of  the 
"Volcanic,  the  choking  or  damming,  and  the 
modern  eroding  periods"  of  Mr.  Bjwman. 

The  "Progressive  Theory" 

la  based  upon  the  views  here  expressed.  In  this 
connection,  I  will  notice  two  conditions  that 
have  an  important  bearing  on  the  modern  ero- 
sions— grades,  and  a  change  of  level.  Geolo- 
gists account  for  these  changed  conditions  by 
uplift  and  subsidence.  It  must  be  evident  that 
a  change  of  level  has  taken  place,  or  the  present 
rivers  and  oanynns  could  not  be  lower  than  the 
ancient  ones.  The  geological  ideas  of  the  in- 
stability of  the  relations  of  land  and  sea  may 
account  for  this  change  of  level  in  this  instance, 
by  the  uplift  of  the  Caast  Ringe,  and  concur- 
rent subsidence  of  what  is  now  the  Sacramento 
and  San  Joaquin  valleys,  wherein  the  Pliocene 
gravels  have  sunk  from  500  to  1000  feet. 

Whatever  the  cause  may  have  been,  the  fact 
remains.  In  regard  to  grades,  in  my  noinion 
there  has  been  no  uplift  of  the  Sierra  Nevada 
that  would  perceptibly  afi"ect  the  grades  of  the 
Pliocene  rivers  within  the  gold  belt  since  the 
gulden  gravels  were  deposited  in  their  chan 
nels. 

Abstract  theorizing  on  this  subject  is  to  the 
miner  like  a  well-defined  channel  filled  with 
nice-lODking  gravel  and  no  gold  in  It.  What 
most  concerns  the  miners  of  the  day  are  facts 
that  point  with  a  degree  of  certainty  to  the 
the  existence,  extent  and  direction  of  those 
ancient  river-channels,  on  which,  in  connection 
with  quart?,  mining  in  the  future  depends.  To 
illustrate  this  progressive  theory  in  detail,  I 
will  select  all  of  the  well-known  section  of 
country,  within  the  gold  belt,  lying  between 
the  Middle  Fork  of  the  American  river  and  the 
South  Yuba  river.  This  selection  is  made  for 
a  purpose;  that  is,  the  topography  and  devel- 
oped facts  show  that  there  are  two  separate  and 
independent  ancient  channels  within  these 
limits,  and  that  there  is  no  direct  connection, 
at  any  point,  between  them,  and  that  from  eaoh 
one  of  those  channels  a  system  of  gravel  de- 
posits has  been  formed  as  separate  and  distinct 
as  the  channels  themselves. 

The  section  of  country  between  the  Middle 
and  North  forks  of  American  river  contains  one 
of  those  channels,  and  will  be  termed 

The  Middle  Fork  Divide 
Tbat  portion  between  the  North  fork  of  Amer- 
ican and  South  Yuba  rivers.    The  others  will 
be  called  the  North  Fork  divide. 

The  country  embraced  la  what  is  termed  the 
Middle  Fork  divide  is  too  widely  known  for  its 
dovelopments,  workings  and  rich  mines  to  re- 
quire any  notice  now,  but  for  comparison  with 
the  North  Fork  divide  and  for,  the  purpose  of 
showing  that  all  of  the  conditions,  develop- 
ments  and  facts  are  in  perfect  harmony  in 
every  detail  with  the  theory  here  advanced.  In 
making  a  pracCioal  application  of  this  theory  to 
the  Middle  Fork  divide,  the  first  inquiry  will 
be,  what  conditions  are  observed  tiiat  deter- 
mine the  existence,  the  extent  and  direction  of 
an  ancient  channel  in  this  divide? 

Jt  mil  be  uojied  here  thftt  tbe  (Jiyide  (g  sep- 


JoNE  21,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


413 


arftted  ioto'.two  prominent  ridges  by  Shirt-tail 
canyon  —  Forest  Hilt  ridge  on  ^.he  south  and 
Iowa  Hilt  ridge  on  the  oorrh.  RiDDingup  the 
dividf,  the  two  ridgea  come  togbtaer  above  the 
brimBtooe  planes,  about  aouth  from    DAmasoua. 

The  fact  of  the  exiatenoe  of  an  exteoaive  and 
rich  chaocel  Id  the  Forest  Hill  ridge  is  so  Well 
established  by  actual  workings  f^hat  I  presume 
DO  miner  has  a  doubt  on  theauVjeot.  The  oon* 
dltioos  observed  here  are  a  depOMit  of  bowlders 
and  gravel  on  the  bottom  containing  the  riob 
pay  above  this  cement  pipe  clay,  and  in  pUoee 
thick  stratas  of  amall  grave),  with  but  little  or 
DO  tine  gold  in  It;  and  over  all,  a  heavy  lava 
oap,  from  100  to  500  feet  thick,  all  inclosed 
witnin  walls  of  bedrock.  That  these  condition* 
are  observed  to  exist  along  this  divide  for  26 
miles  or  more  ia  demonstrated  to  a  certainty  by 
deep  shafts  and  long  tunnels  Inside  the  rim 
rook  from  Spring  Garden  to  near  the  Secret 
bouse,  which  determinee  the  exteat  of  this 
ohauDel. 

Where  the  bottom  deposits  are  concealed 
within  the  bedrock  walls,  the  lava  oap  Inside 
the  rim  Is  the  guide  to  determine  the  coarse, 
[lo  this  description  the  points  of  oompass  are 
not  strictly  observed.]  On  the  sonth  side  of 
the  divide,  along  the  head  branches  of  Seoret 
Black  and  Eldorado  oanyons,  and  down  the 
Middle  Fork  below  Spring  Garden  is  a  bfgh 
rim  of  bedrook,  except  at  points  where  the 
present  oanyons  and  modern  channels  have 
cot  it  away. 

It  is  obvious,  from  the  character  of   mach  of 
the  material  at  those   points,  that  it   oould  not 
have  been  deposited  in   the    present  form  and 
condition,  only  inside  of  walls  of  bedrock. 
On  The  North  Side  of  the  Divide. 

Opposite  the  head  of  Secret  Canyon,  on  the 
south  branoh  of  the  north  fork  of  American,  is 
a  high  rim  of  bed-rook  that  extends  along  ibe 
rivdr  bluffs  and  Humbug  canyon ,  down  to 
D.tmaBoas.  Lsaving  the  Iowa  Hill  ridge  out 
tor  the  present,  and  passing  to  the  southward, 
a  short  dlstanou  below  Damasous,  you  oome  to 
the  Brimstone  Ftaina,  a  high  bed-rock  oonn* 
try  that  separates  the  two  great  ridges.  Shirt- 
tail  canyon,  takes  its  source  in  this  high  bed- 
rock country,  and  runs  in  high  bed*rook  on  a 
B^uth-west  course  to  its  junction  with  the 
North  Fork,  below  Yankee  Jim's. 

There  are  no  gravel  deposits  on  this  side  of 
the  divide,  A  slight  break  id  the  rim  at 
Damascus  above,  and  where  Brushy  aod  Davil's 
canyons  cut  through  below,  are  the  only  out- 
lets for  gold  from  the  bills  on  this  side.  Hi 
ing  traced  the  rim-rock  on  each  side,  without 
reference  to  the  course  from  one  point  to  an- 
other, it  remains  now  to  determine  the  course 
of  thu  channel  inside  these  rims,  which  is  done 
approximately  by  following  the  oonrse  of  the 
main  lavi  flow  or  capping.  It  is  an  axiom 
that  tigures  won't  Up.  In  the  N.  E.  Cor.  of 
Town.  15N..R.  12  E.,  Mt,  Dtablo  Mer.,  be- 
f^weea  the  head  of  Secrpt  canyon  and  the  south 
branch  of  the  North  Fork  of  American  river, 
la  obaetvdd  a  heavy  deposit  or  capping  of  lava 
at  an  altitude  of  5400  feet,  and  about  one  mile 
wide  from  rim  to  rim.  This  main  lava  flow  or 
capping  can  be  traced  od  a  coDtiDUons  course 
within  the  line  of  rim-rook  heretofore  de- 
scribed through  the  Townships  of  15  N.,  11  E  , 
UN.,  HE.,  14N.,10E  ,  where,  near  the  center 
of  thdwfstern  line  of  13  N.,  lOE  ,  below  Spring 
Garden  (altitude  2500  feet),  the  lava  chanDel 
and  evaiytbing  has  been  carried  away  by  the 
present  Middle  Fork.  By  looking  over  a  map 
of  this  country  it  will  be  perceived  that  this  la 
nearly  a  due  sonthwest  course  from  starting- 
point  and  near  3000  feet  lower. 

The  Gray  E  igle  Co.  's  shaft  at  Spring 
Garden,  now  300  feet  deep  ineidn  the  bedmok 
walls;  the  deep  workings  of  the  Mayflower  Cj.  ; 
the  long  tunnels  thronrrh  the  rim  at  Dimascus, 
Rsd  Point  and  the  G:>lden  Fleece;  the  deep 
eha^^s  at  the  head  of  Blaok  canyon;  the  Hazard 
on  Voloano,  and  the  long  tunnels  through  the 
rim  back  into  the  rich  gravel  unde>'1yiQg  the 
lava  oap  at  Sunny  South;  theBreeoe  &  Wheeler 
claim  at  Bith,  and  the  Dardanelles,  with  many 
others  down  to  Todds  valley,  demonstrate  to  a 
certainty  the  existence  and  extent  of  the  chan- 
nel and  the  course  of  the  main  lava  flow  here 
indicated — demonstratea  with  an  equal  degree 
of  certainty  the  coarse  of  this  channel  through 
the  gold  belt  on  the  Middle  Fork  Divide. 
(To  be  Continutd) 


It  is  proposed  to  build  large  iroD  aod  steel 
reducing  works  at  Ktrkland,  a  suburb  of  Seat- 
tle, on  the  shores  of  Lake  Washiogton.  The 
company  when  formed  will  be  known  as  the 
Of)Os  Biy  Iron  Co.,  and  will  have  a  eapiial  of 
$1,000  000.  Among  those  at  tae  head  of  the 
great  enterprise  a<'e:  Gen.  Kussell  A.  Aleer  of 
Michig'>n;  Peter  Kiik,  a  member  of  Ki  k  Bros  ' 
g'-eat  E  igliah  iroa  est-xbliehment;  D.  L.  S. 
Hunt,  Biiiley  Galzar,  E  iward  Bewett,  jioob 
Farth  and  other  prominent  capitalists.  Mr. 
Kirk  is  now  in  the  Eist  getting  machinery, 
and  it  is  expected  that  the  complete  plant  will 
be  upon  the  ground  within  six  months.  The 
eatablishment  of  this  plant  means  the  develop- 
ment of  the  Sucqialmie  and  other  iron  mines 
in  the  State  of  Washington. 


The  Paris  ring,  at  the  time  of  its  eollapae, 
had  170.000  tons  of  copper.  Now  it  has  60,000 
tonp,  and  prices  are  steadily  advauoine.  The 
consLimptioD,  it  is  said,  is  exopeding  the  sup- 
ply. The  increased  use  of  sulphate  of  copper, 
and  the  growing  quantity  used  for  dleccrical 
purposes  and  cartridgea,  have  largely  teDded  to 
briDg  about  tbia  state  of  affiirs. 


Water  ou  the  Pacific  Coast. 

OODtamloatlon  lo  Storage  Beservolrs   and 
the  Palliatives  hedoried  lo. 

[The  following  pupcr  was  read  recently  before  ihe 
Ainerican  W.iter  Works  Associiiiion,  by  L.  J.  Le 
Conie,  C.  E. ,  of  Oakland.  In  this  number  of  the 
Pkkss  we  publish  half  of  the  article, and  in  Ihe  next 
number  will  give  the  remainder  with  drawings  of 
the  screens  and  appliances  for  purifying  the  water. 
—Eds.  Press.  ] 

Clitnatlc  OoodlttODs. 
The  annnal  contamination  of  municipal  water 
supplies,  depending  solely  apon  the  catchment 
and  storage  of  surface  waterp,  it  a  subject 
which  naturally  attracts  more  aad  more  atien 
tion  each  year. 

The  expertenoe  gained  on  the  Paciflo  Coast 
during  the  past  2.5  years  Is  particularly  in 
Btruotlve  from  an  engineering  point  of  view,  in 
that  the  physical  conditions,  which  tend  to 
bring  about  deleterious  ohanges  in  the  quality 
of  the  ponded  waters,  are  presented  In  their 
most  exaggerated  form.  For  this  reason  more 
than  others  the  progressive  change',  which  take 
place  from  time  to  time,  are  naturally  much 
more  pronounced,  and  therefore  more  eaiily  ob- 
lerved  and  studied.  In  order  to  be  as  brief  as 
possible,  consistent  with  olearnesB,  I  will  con 
fine  my  attention  to  the  water  supplies  of  San 
Francisco  and  0.kkland,  since  they  are  truly 
oharaoteristio. 

In  the  tirst  plac",  as  to  the  climatic  oondi 
tions.  Avery  marked  difference  exists  between 
the  climate  of  the  Paoitio  Coast  and  that  of 
the  Atlantic  Slope  in  regard  to  the  rainy  season. 
In  the  former,  the  rain  Rach  year  is  usually 
delivered  between  November  and  May,  soon 
after  which  time  the  streams  generally  be- 
oome  dry.  The  most  favorable  years  give  no 
water  supply  for  half,  or  nearly  half,  the  year, 
while  a  dry  year  gives  no  supply  whatever,  su 
that  it  may  happen  that  no  sarfaoe  waters  enter 
the  storage  re'iervoirs  from  March  or  April  of 
one  year  to  Novembfr  or  Daoember  of  the  next 
year,  an  interval  of  600  days.  The  case  may 
be  even  more  unfavorable,  due  to  a  succession 
of  three  or  four  winters  of  small  rainfall. 

The  engineer  should  n'>t  feel  safe  unless  he 
has  storage  capacity  for  900  days'  supply.  This 
faot  compels  the  consttuotion  of  very  mach 
larger  storage  reservoirs  than  would  be  neces- 
sary in  other  ooantries,  in  order  to  make  allow- 
ance for  the  extreme  features  of  the  climate. 
As  a  flnal  result,  the  works  have  to  be  planned 
so  as  to  practioally  catch  all  the  storm  water?, 
and  nothing  Is  allowed  to  run  to  waste. 

As  to  the  qnality  of  the  water.  Here  again 
the  natural  difficulties  are  still  further  ag* 
gravated  by  the  dry  season  occurring  during 
the  summer  months,  when  the  weather  is  very 
warm.  This  faot  leads  to  extraordinary 
deterioration  in  the  quality  of  the  ponded 
waters,  more  particularly  when  the  water 
level  in  the  reservoirs  gets  to  be  very  low.  The 
regular  cycle  of  changes  through  which  they 
pass,  year  after  year,  ia  of  great  interest  to  the 
engineer,  and  la  full  of  instraotion. 

I  will  next  give  a  brief  description  of  the 
water  supplies  being  coDsidered. 

San  FranclBco  Water  Supply. 
The  city  of  SaD  Francisco  derives  its  chief 
supply  of  water  from  three  large  artificial 
storage  reservoirs  located  in  the  Coas*;  Ringe  of 
nonntains,  and  are  known  as  the  "  Pilaroitos," 
**SaD  Andreas"  and  "  Crystal  Springs." 

Pllarcltos  Reservoir. 

This  Bopplies  the  high-service  syntflm,  and 
was  built  in  1804.  Its  capacity  is  1,080,000,000 
gallons  above  the  dead-water  line.  Area  ol 
water  surfacp,  J 15  acres;  elevation  696  feet 
above  high  tide.  Dim  in  earthwork,  95  feet 
high  by  650  feet  long.  D  pth  of  water  at  dam, 
when  full,  85  feet.  Direct  watershed  six 
square  miles,  and  is  all  mountainous.  Average 
annual  rainfall,  50  inches.  This  reservoir  is 
oonneoted  with  the  city  by  an  aquednct  con- 
sisting of  three  tunnels,  lined  wich  brick  and 
cement,  hcving  an  aggregate  l^^ngth  of  7870 
fpet;  also  8300  feet  of  wooden  flume  and  69,- 
336  feet  of  30'incb  wrought-iron  pipe.  Tuis 
brings  the  water  tn  Laeuna  Honda  service  res- 
ervoir, capacity  33  000,000  gallons  at  an  eleva- 
tion of  377  feet  above  high  tide.  Just  before 
entering  the  reservoir,  the  water  passes  into 
the  screen-house,  where  it  is  made  to  strain 
through  a  system  of  cloth  screens,  which  will 
be  explained  in  detail  further  on.  The  screened 
water  passes  from  the  screen-house  into  the 
service  reservoir  above  mentioned.  From  here 
a  22-inch  pipe  delivers  the  water  to  the  highest 
part  of  the  city  in  the  Western  Addition. 
San  Andreas  Reservoir. 

This  Bnppliea  the  middle-service  ev^f^em.  and 
was  built  in  1867.  Its  capacity  is  6  690,000.000 
gallons  above  the  dead  wa*'er  line.  Area  of 
water  surface,  525  acre?.  Elevation.  450  feet 
abjve  high  tide.  Direct  watershed,  4  1  square 
miles,  and  indirect  watershed,  diainej  by  feed- 
ere,  three  iquare  miles,  and  is  all  mountainous. 
Annual  rainfall,  40  inches.  Dam  is  earthwork, 
93  feec  high  by  640  fept;  long.  Depth  of  water 
near  dam,  when  full,  89  feet.  This  reservoir 
la  conneccfd  with  the  city  by  an  aquednct  con- 
sisting of  3070  feet  of  tunnel  lined  with  brick 
and  cement,  and  64  000  feet  of  30  inch  wronght- 
iron  pipe  leading  into  College  Hill  service  res- 
ervoir, which  is  253  fpet  abive  high  tide,  and 
has  a  capacity  of  14,000,000  gallons.  This 
reservoir  also  has  a  screen-house  and  syetem  of 
cloth  screens  similar  to  that  at  Lagnna  Honda, 
and  the  water  from  the  storage  renervoir  is 
always  screened  just  be'ore   its   entrance    into 


voir  holds  all  drainage  waters,  and  nothing 
goes  to  wiste  in  the  wet  season.  It  never  has 
been  fliled  bnt  onoe.  The  Pilaroitos  and  San 
Aodreaa  ro»  j  lintly  deliver  to  the  city  an  aver- 
age of  9.000,000  gallons  per  day,  derived 
from  12^  to  13  iqaare  miles  of  drainage  area. 

Crystal  Springe  Reservoir. 
This  snpplien  the  low-service  syptem.  and 
was  bnilt  in  1877.  Its  capacity  is  3.8:10,000- 
300  gallons  above  the  dead-water  line.  An- 
nual rainfall,  30  inches.  The  water  servicf, 
500  aces.  lOevation,  268  feet  above  high 
tide.  Direct  watershed,  15  fquare  miles,  and 
is  mona^ainous.  Dam  Is  earihwork,  50  feet 
high  by  340  feet  long  D>pth  of  water  at  dam, 
when  full.  46  feet.  This  reservoir  is  connected 
with  the  oity  by  an  iquednct  consisting  of 
8000  fept  of  wooden  flume,  9000  feet  of  tunnel 
and  16.92  miles  of  44  inch  wrought-iron  pipe. 
This  brings  the  water  to  the  University  Mound 
service  reservoir,  bavins  an  elevation  above 
high  tide  of  169  feet.  Here  again  the  water 
paeses  to  the  screen  house,  where  it  is  made  to 
strain  through  cloth  screens  before  entering  the 
servioe  reservoir.  The  Crystal  Springs  reser- 
voir catches  all  the  storm  waterF,  and  nothing 
ia  allowed  to  run  to  wastB.  The  aqueduct 
supplies  on  an  average  22  000,000  gallons  per 
day. 

Oakland  Water  Supply. 

The  city  of  OikUnd  derives  Its  water 
supply  from  two  stirage  reservoirs  con 
structed  on  the  adjoining  footbiMs  and 
known  as  the  Sin  L^andro  R  sarvoir 
and  the  Temescal  Reservoir.  The  latter  is 
quite  insigniflcant,  and  the  chief  supply  la  taken 
from  the  former,  which  we  will  now  describe. 

San  Leandro  Reservoir. 

This  repervolr  was  built  in  1875,  Its  oapaci' 
ty,  4,300  000,000  gallons  above  the  dead  water 
line.  The  water  surface,  410  acres  and  has  an 
elevation  of  225  feet  above  high  tide.  The  wa- 
tershed, 40  iqoare  miles  and  is  mountainous. 
The  dam  is  farth  work  and  100  feet  high  by  450 
fflet  long.  Dapth  of  water  at  dam,  when  full, 
90  feet.  The  water  on  leaving  the  lake  passes 
through  the  ordinary  fish  screen  and  then  en- 
ters a  double  line  of  24  inch  wrought  iron  pipf, 
bnt  flows  only  a  short  distance  before  reaching 
the  Boreen-housp,  where  the  water  is  made  to 
paes  through  cloih  screens,  to  be  described  fur- 
ther on.  The  screened  water  falls  into  a  clean 
water  basin.  There  are  two  of  these  basins, 
800,000  and  2,000,000  gallons  respectively. 
They  are  not  covered.  The  wet^r  leaves  the^e 
baeinp  to  enter  into  a  largo  S7^  inch  supply 
main  laading  to  the  city  of  Oakland,  a  distance 
of  nine  to  ten  miles.  Ou  arriving  in  the  oity 
the  water  ia  delivered  to  consumers  direct,  no 
local  service  repervoirs  being  employed. 

The  above  gives  a  fair  idea  of  the  main  feat- 
ures connected  with  these  several  reservoirs. 
It  1b  well  to  mention  that  all  of  them  are  more 
or  less  stocked  with  flab,  principally  California 
and  £  istern  trout,  also  black  bass,  catfish, 
carp  and  white  fish  from  Like  Michigan. 
General  History  of  the  Annual  Troubles  Af- 

fectlna  the  Quality  of  the  Pond  Waters 

The  writer  has  devoted  much  attention  to 
this  subject  during  the  past  five  yearp,  and  has 
made  many  experimental  observationa  and 
teats.  I  shall  only  mention  those  which  have 
been  carefully  verified.  I  will  begin  my  state 
ment  of  facts  in  regard  to  the  cycle  of  ohanges, 
which  takes  place  year  after  year,  by  oommenc- 
ing  in  the  winter,  thence  to  the  spring,  summer, 
and  finally  to  winter  again. 

Troubles  In  the  Reservoirs. 


O.-dinarily  in  the  winter  and  epring  mouths, 
which  is  also  the  wet  season,  the  quality  of  the 
water  in  the  storage  reservoirs  is  oomparatlve- 
ly  good,  the  temperstrre  averaging,  snrfaoe 
water  48"  and  bottom  50°  Fahrenheit,  the  only 
objectinoable  feature  being  periodioal  turbidity 
due  to  fioe  loamy  sediment,  which  is  brought 
in  by  tributary  streama.  As  soon  as  the 
stormy  weather  is  over,  the  water  rapidly  be- 
comes clarified  by  natural  aubsidenoe,  the  time 
ri quired  to  complete  this  operation  being  gen- 
erally two  to  three  weeks.  In  the  cape  of  the 
Sin  Francisco  water  supply,  this  diffioalty  is 
obviated  by  phifting  the  supply  to  some  other 
source  less  affeoted.  In  the  case  of  Oakland 
this  is  not  practioablf,  since  both  the  reservoirs 
are  eqaally  turbid  about  the  same  time,  an^  as 
a  result  the  mnddy  waters  go  into  the  pipe 
system  and  direct  to  consumers. 

The  Fe' mentation  Stage. 
As  the  seaaon  advances,  the  rains  oeaae  and 
the  streams  run  dry.  About  the  lat  of  May  of 
each  year,  the  surface  waters  in  tV>e  reservoirs 
have  acquired  a  temperature  of  62'^  Fahrenheit, 
and  the  bottom  water,  say  50°  Fahrenheit;  all 
vertical  circulation  has  stopped  and  the  period 
of  atsgnatioQ  begins.  Wat^r  fleas  and  some 
vegetable  matter,  mostly  pfa^aogamous  plants, 
begin  to  show  themselves  to  a  limited  extent 
in  shallow  water  along  the  margin  of  the  reser- 
voirs, but  not  in  sufficient  quantity  to  amount 
to  anything,  Ai  time  progfessea  and  the  wa- 
ters get  warmer,  the  next  change  observed  Is  a 
chemical  one,  that  is  to  say,  bubbles  of  carbon- 
ic acid  gas  and  light  carburetted  hydrogen  rise 
up  from  the  bottom  to  the  surface,  the  tempera- 
ture of  the  bottom  water  gradually  rises,  and 
in  course  of  time  af-a'us  the  same  temperature 
as  the  surface,  eay  65°  Fahrenheit. 

It  will  be  as  well,  perhaps,  to  mention  here 
that  the  true  caue  of  this  change  has  been 
traced  conclusively  to  the  fermentation   of    the 

immense  deposits  of   mud    covering   the   entire 

the  eervioe  reaeryoir,     The  Sao  4ndreae  reser-    bottom  of  these  reservoire,  averaging  teq   f§et 


in  depth.  This  bed  of  mnd,  of  couree,  has  been 
many  years  in  accumulating.  Repeated  exami- 
Dations  show  that  it  is  composed  of  auimal  and 
vegeUble  matter  in  all  stages  of  decomposi- 
tion. ^ 

The  True    Cause    of  Rank    Vegetable 
Qrowihs. 

Now  then,  as  a  result  of  this  fermentation, 
the  waters  of  the  reservoirs  become  highly 
charged  with  carbonic  acid  gae,  and  are  robbed 
of  free  oxygen  as  well.  Now  what  do  we  ob- 
perve  to  be  the  next  characteristic  feature? 
Just  precisely  what  might  heexpected;  namelj, 
a  endden  and  wonderful  development  of  vege- 
table life,  followed  almost  simultaneously  by  an 
equally  wonderful  development  of  rnimal  life, 
principally  in  the  form  of  water  fleas.  Thia 
vegetable  life  seems  to  beloog  mostly  to  t^e 
variety  of  oryptogamous  plants  known  as  aUai. 
Liter  on  when  they  reach  matuiity  they  breuK 
up  and  develop  milliotia  upnn  millions  of  liny 
green  spores,  which  eventually  permeate  the 
whole  mass  of  the  ponded  watprs,  imparting  to 
them  a  beautiful  green  hue.  When  these  con- 
ditions obtait,  the  eporea  become  a  source  of 
great  annoyance.  They  readily  pans  through 
the  screening  apparatus  and  flnter  the  pipe  sye- 
tem  in  which  they  die  and  decomposr,  thus  In- 
juring the  quitity  cf  the  water  delivered  to 
consumers.  It  is  well,  perhaps,  to  mention 
here  that  these  two  items  of  contamicatior, 
vegetable  and  animal  life,  at  first  do  no  harm 
whatever  to  the  quality  of  the  wa'er,  while 
they  are  healthy;  on  the  contrary,  their  pres- 
ence in  such  prodigious  qnnntitles  is  nothing 
more  than  nature's  endless  (ffut  to  purify  wa- 
ter, which  has  been  previoutty  injured  in  quali' 
ty,  and,  furlbermort,  they  woola  most  certain- 
ly continue  to  perform  this  useful  function  in 
nature  but  for  the  advent  of  the  next  stape  in 
contamination— we  will  call  it  the  "Fatal 
Stage" — and  which  is  moet  disastrous  in  its  re- 
Bults  by  giving  rise  to  pernicious  conditions, 
which  lead  to  their  death  and  subs  quent  decay, 
all  of  which  is  utterly  ruinous  to  the  quality  oi' 
the  ponded  waters.  The  main  characteristic 
feature  of  the  fermentation  stage  above  men- 
tioned is  the  faot  that  the  gases  developed 
give  rise  to  no  offensive  odors  of  any  kind. 


The  Fatal  Staae.  or  Putrefactive  Stage. 
The  next  change  noted  in  the  reservoir  is  al- 
so a  chemical  one;  namely,  the  fermentation  of 
the  bot^om  mud  increases  in  sotivity,  and  in 
course  of  time  becomes  converted  into  putre- 
factive fermentation.  This  stage  ia  at 
once  detected  by  the  change  in  the  qual- 
ity of  the  evolved  gases  rising  from  the 
bottom,  which  now  become  very  offen- 
sive. Examination  shows  them  to  be  car- 
buretted hydrogen,  carbonic  acid,  aulphur- 
etted  hydrogen.  By  this  prooees  the  water  in 
the  reservoir  soon  becomes  robbed  of  nearly  all 
its  free  oxygen,  as  instanced  by  the  fiah  at  all 
times  swimming  at  and  near  the  surfacr,  and 
benoming  very  languid  in  their  movements. 

Daring  the  first  portion  of  thia  putrefactive 
stage  it  was  observed  that  the  al^  m  and  animal 
life  were  both  doing  their  utmost  -o  purify  the 
water,  but  as  this  stsge  advances  the  fatal  by- 
products of  pntrefactioD,  certainly  sulphuretted 
hydrogen,  and  possibly  septic  poisons,  begin  to 
gain  the  upper  hand,  and  finally  the  conditionfl 
become  so  bad  that  they  give  up  the  battlr, 
break  up  and  die  and  decay  in  large  quanti- 
ties. 

This  melancholy  condition  is  oalled  to  your 
attention  by  masses  of  dead  alga  forming  great 
reddish-brown  blotches  here  and  there  on  the 
water  surface,  mostly  where  the  gases  bubble 
up  in  abundance.  These  blotches  soon  sink  to 
the  bottom,  thus  adding  new  fuel  to  the  putre- 
fying matter  in  the  bed  of  the  reservoir.  The 
above  lamentable  state  of  affaire  eziit$  to  a 
greater  or  less  degree  during  the  months  of 
August,  September  and  October  of  each  year, 
when  the  water  is  at  the  low  stagp,  and  at  snob 
times  the  qaality  of  the  water  in  the  storage 
reservoirs  la  something  almost  incredible. 

As  the  season  advances,  the  first  change  for 
the  better  is  noticed  about  the  last  of  October 
or  first  of  November,  when  frosty  nights  set  in, 
and  the  surface-waters  become  chilled  and  sink 
to  the  bottom,  thus  giving  rise  to  vertical  cir- 
culation, whioH  cools  the  entire  body  of  water, 
and  thus  gra  u  illy  checks  putrefactive  fermen- 
tation, and  as  a  result  the  offensive  odors  are 
greatly  reduced. 

Chtmioal  analysis  made  at  the  beginning  of 
this  vertical  circulation  shows  that  the  quality 
of  the  water  is  actually  worpe  than  at  any 
other  time  during  the  year.  Thia  fact  ia  un- 
doubtedly due  to  the  filthy  botium  waters  com- 
ing up  and  mixing  with  the  surface-water, 
thus  spoiling  the  supply  to  consumere,  which, 
you  may  say,  is  always  taken  from  at  or  near 
the  surface. 

Bat  no  decided  relief  from  bad  water  is  ex- 
perienced until  the  rainfall  b^gioa,  generally  in 
November,  when  the  reservoir  becomes  filled 
up  again  with  a  fresh  supply  of  cool  surface- 
waters,  and  the  temperature  Is  reduced  to  55'' 
Fahr.  This  fresh  supply  of  rain-water  is  always 
turbid.  There  are  one  or  two  very  important 
facta  oonneofed  with  these  storage  reservoirs, 
upon  which  I  shonld  lay  creat  etres',  namely, 
the  San  Franoisoo  and  Oikland  storage  reser- 
voirs are  equally  bad  aa  to  quality  in  midsum- 
mer. On  the  contrary,  there  exists  a  very 
marked  difference  in  the  quality  of  the  water  as 
delivered  to  consumers  in  the  two  cities,  and 
this  important  fact  seems  to  be  due  unques- 
tionably to  the  treatment  which  the  water  un- 
dergoes after  it  leaves  the  If^kes.  This  natur* 
ally  leads  ua  to  the  nex*;  pu>  j  ct. 
( To  he  Continued  ) 


4U 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[JoHB  21,  1890 


II]lNI|^G   SUMMAf^Y, 

The  (oUowing  Is  mostly  coudenaed  from  journaU  publiflhed 
In  the  Interior,  in  proximity  to  the  mines  mentioned. 


CALIFORNIA. 

Amador. 
North  Star.— Ledger.  June  14:     The  following 
statement  of  receipts  ana  expendiiures  for   the  past 
year  ending  June  ist  was  presented   to   the  annual 
meeting  held  last  week: 
Balance  on    hand    as    per    last    annual 

report $    1158  99 

Six  assessments,    13  to  18    inclusivd,    ot 

$2000  each 12,000  00 


Total $13.  ^58  99 

Expenses. 

Construetion $    34 1  66 

Labor 9.ot8  50 

Mine  supplies 458  68 

Timbers ^49  SO 

Water-power 728  00 

Lumber 4^  54 

Powder,  etc 713  55 

Real  estate 202  29 

Incidental 176  87 

Total $".735  59 


Balance  on  hand  June  1st I1423  4° 

Average  monthly  expenses 977  9^ 

The  shaft  was  sunk  207  feet,  with  557  feet  of 
drifts  and  crosscuts,  at  an  average  cost  of  S15-50 
per  foot.  The  total  sinking  is  902  feet.  All  de- 
velopments so  far  show  indications  that  the  mine 
would  prove  better  at  greater  depth,  so  the  directors 
of  the  corporation  decided  to  suspend  all  explora- 
tions at  the  600  and  Boo  foot  levels  and  sink  to 
1000  feet  and  there  make  a  thorough  prospect, 
which,  judging  by  other  developments  along  the 
mother  lode,  promised  to  secure  success,  having  an 
agreement  with  the  original  owners  of  the  North 
Star  mine  for  an  extension  for  one  year  on  first 
payment  as  per  agreement,  April  i,  1889.  The  as- 
sessments have  all  been  paid  without  any  being  de- 
linquent. 

McKenzie. — McKenzie  Bros,  have  sold  their 
mine  near  Irish  Town  to  the  company  represented 
by  Robert  Stevenson.  We  have  not  heard  the 
price  agreed  upon,  but  understand  that  the  money 
is  to  be  paid  in  monthly  installments,  the  purchasers 
first  paying  off  all  indebtedness  against  the  prop- 
erty. A  ten-stamp  mill  is  to  be  erected,  and  thus 
equipped  there  is  every  reason  to  think  that  this 
mine  would  soon  get  on  a  paying  basis.  The  sale 
also  includes  the  Ratto  ranch. 

Miscellaneous. — C.  Lavezzo  made  a  cleanup 
of  his  mill  near  Pine  Grove  and  realized  between 
$600  and  $700.  The  mill  of  the  Amador  gold  mine 
is  kept  running  to  about  one-half  its  full  capacity. 
The  track  will  need  considerable  alterations  before 
it  can  be  made  to  run  easily.  It  takes  several  men 
attending  to  the  cars  instead  of  being  self-operating 
as  intended.  At  a  meeting  of  the  directors  of  the 
Alpi  M.  Co.  held  Tuesday  last,  it  was  decided  to 
divide  the  small  sum  on  hand  pro  rata  amons  the 
stockholders  and  wind  up  the  company's  affairs. 
The  Cosmopolitan  mill  is  running  on  rock  from  the 
Drytown  Consolidated  mine.  Parties  who  ought  to 
know  say  the  plates  are  looking  quite  as  well  as 
could  be  expected,  and  indicate  a  yield  of  from  $3  to 
$4  per  ton  in  free  gold. 

Sutter  Creek. — Cor.  Amador  Ledger,  June  14: 
Mming  has  taken  another  upward  step.  Since  my 
last,  encouraging  reports  are  in  circulation  that  the 
claim  a  short  distance  up  the  creek,  known  as  the 
old  Rose  mine,  is  to  be  started  up  by  Messrs.  Hay- 
ward  &  Hobart,  after  22  years  of  inactivity.  L.  R. 
Poundstone,  who  is  interested  in  the  property,  has 
been  here  during  the  past  week,  and  it  is  under- 
stood he  will  have  the  management.  The  old  shaft, 
100  feet  deep,  sunk  on  the  ledge,  is  to  be  cleaned 
out,  enlarged,  and  made  perpendicular.  Sinking 
to  be  prosecuted  until  a  depth  of  300  or  400  feet 
has  been  attained.  Mr.  Poundstone  worked  the 
mine  in  early  days,  and  says  there  is  an  abundance 
of  $4  rock,  which  with  modern  facilities  will  pay 
handsomely.  Operations  will  commence  as  soon  as 
timbers  for  the  shaft  can  be  procured,  which  will 
probably  be  in  a  few  days.  F.  A.  Howard  is  to  the 
fore  with  a  water-wheel,  which  is  the  old  Donnelly 
wheel  considerably  changed.  The  buckets  and 
wheel  constitute  one  casting.  The  buckets  are 
small,  intended  for  high  pressure.  A  test  is  to  be 
made  of  this  wheel  at  the  Utica  mine,  Calaveras 
county,  which  is  expected  to  develop  the  superior 
merits  of  the  invention. 

Accident  at  the  Lambing  Mw^.—Dispafch. 
June  14:  About  7  30  p.  m.  or  shortly  alter  the 
night  shift,  consisting  of  Robt.  Jones  lever  tender, 
M.  Coombs  engineer,  and  John  Loskill,  commenced 
work,  quite  a  serious  accident  occurred  at  the  Lamb- 
ing mine  about  three  miles  from  lone,  which 
might  have  ended  fatally.  The  back  guy  of  the 
derrick  (which  is  wire  cable)  parted  just  as  a  bucket 
of  gravel  was  being  hoisted,  causing  the  iio-foot 
boom  and  pilot-house  to  fall  to  the  ground.  Jones, 
who  did  duty  in  the  pilot-house,  which  had  a  40-foot 
fall,  fell  from  his  position  when  within  a  few  feet 
of  the  ground  and  miraculously  escaped  being  crush- 
ed to  a  pulp;  as  it  was  he  escaped  with  a  slight  fract- 
ure of  the  skull  above  the  temple,  a  badly  injured 
shoulder  and  several  bruises.  Coombs,  who  was  in 
the  engine-room  at  the  back  underneath  the  pilot' 
house,  was  twice  floored  by  falling  timbers  but  not 
seriously  hurt.  Mr.  Loskill  escaped  without  a 
scratch,  thanks  to  a  quick  pair  of  heels,  but  he  re- 
turned immediately  and  had  the  injured  min  taken 
to  the  boarding-house,  where  he  was  attended  by 
Drs,  Adams  and  Sterriker  of  lone,  and  is  getting 
along  as  well  as  can  be  expected.  The  derrick, 
which  is  the  first  the  company  had,  which  cost 
$15,000,  is  a  total  wreck. 

Nevada. 

The  IXL  Mine. —  Transcript,  June  13:  The 
company  represented  by  Mr.  Campbell  and  which 
has  since  last  summer  been  prospecting  the  IXL 
quartz  mine,  seven  miles  above  Washington,  quit 
work  there  a  few  days  ago,  after  having  paid  $6000 
on  the  purchase-money,  built  an  eight-stamp  mill, 
constructed  roads  and  done  considerable  under- 
ground work.  This  action  on  the  part  of  the  com- 
pany is  said  to  be  based  on  an  unfavorable  report 
on  the  claim  made  by  John  Hays  Hammond,  who 
went  up  there  a  short  time  ago  and  experted    it. 


George  J.  Binder  of  Oakland,  and  his  partner,  who 
are  the  owners  of  the  property,  and  to  whom  it  re- 
verts now  that  the  parties  holding  the  bond  have 
quit,  will  carry  ahead  the  labor  of  opening  the  ledge, 
and  experienced  practical  miners  say  their  chances 
for  success  are  favorable.  Mr.  Campbell,  who  is  an 
energetic  and  clear-headed  mining  man,  has  not 
had  his  faith  in  the  mineral  resources  of  Washing- 
ton district  shaken  by  the  turn  the  affairs  of  the  IXL 
have  taken,  and  he  will  probably  take  hold  of  £ome 
other  ground  up  there. 

The  Centennial.— A  letter  from  Superintend- 
ent Richards  to  the  company's  office  at  Virginia 
City  states  that  he  is  making  excellent  progress  driv- 
ing ahead  in  the  new  tunnel,  having  two  shifts  of 
men  working.  The  hard  formation  encountered  is 
changing  to  softer  material,  with  favorable  indica- 
tions. The  San  Jose  Co.,  adjoining,  have  also  re- 
sumed operations  for  the  season,  and  as  soon  as 
they  can  pump  out  their  shaft  and  get  things  into 
practical  operation  they  will  commence  taking  out 
the  rich  gravel  gold  deposit  they  struck  just  before 
the  heavy  winter  snows  made  them  shut  down. 

Mining  Briefs. —r;W:«.fj,  June  13:  The  Em- 
mett  Water  and  Mining  Co.'s  shaft,  adjoining  the 
Evening  Star,  is  down  between  80  and  90  feet.  It 
is  a  double  compartment  and  is  timbered  to  below 
63  feet.  Since  the  shaft  has  been  in  hard  blasting 
ground,  a  three-foot  ledge  of  fine-looking  ore  has 
developed.  Supt.  McSherry  says  that  machinery 
will  arrive  by  the  time  he  is  ready  for  it,  about  July 
ist.  The  Crown  Point  mine  was  started  up  Fri- 
day. Nothing  new  underground.  Cleanup  at  the 
North  Banner  to-day  and  pay-day  to-morrow.  The 
ledge  in  the  bottom  of  the  shaft  and  in  the  drifts  is 
three  feet  thick  and  of  high-grade  ore.  The  mine 
never  before  looked  as  well,  and  dividends  will  un^ 
doubtedly  follow  the  opening  up  of  another  level. 

Calaveras. 

MuRPHYS  Notes.— Calaveras  Prospect,  June  14 
At  the  Norto.k  mine,  one-half  mile  south  of  Mur 
phys,  of  which  Frank  Monroe  is  superintendent,  a 
15-stamp  mill  and  two  pulverizers  are  being  put  up, 
which  will  be  equal  in  capacity  to  a  35-stamp  mill.  At 
ihe  Total  Wreck,  one  mile  west  of  town,  owned  by 
Mr.  Campbell  of  San  Francisco,  an  excellent  quality 
of  quartz  is  being  worked.  The  shaft  is  150  feet 
deep,  with  a  steam  hoisting  works  at  the  mine  and 
a  5-stamp  mill  near  town,  which  is  to  be  increased 
at  once  to  10  stamps.  The  owner  is  now  on  the 
grounds. 

Placer. 

The  Divide.— Placer  Herald.  June  14:  Our  in. 
dustries  being  principally  mining,  we  are  more  in- 
terested in  that  line  than  any  other.  I  have  to  note 
the  continued  prosperity  of  those  industries,  our 
paying  mines  continuing  to  yield  their  usual  quota 
of  bullion.  Messrs.  Breece  &  Wheeler  visited  their 
mine  the  past  week,  both  looking  in  good  health 
and  spirits,  well  pleased  with  the  output  from  their 
mine  under  the  superintendence  of  Mr.  Grinnell 
who  is  now  employing  about  25  men.  The  Drum 
mond  mine  at  present  seems  to  take  the  cake,  work- 
ing to  the  full  capacity  of  the  mill  in  ore  so  abun. 
d^nt  that  the  superintendent  has  dispensed  with  the 
night  shilt;  the  whole  body  of  the  ore  yielding  $E 
per  ton.  This  to  the  proprietor  means  a  fortune, 
It  is  rumored  that  the  Mayflower  will  be  ready  to 
put  on  a  full  force  in  a  few  weeks.  At  present  they 
are  engaged  in  running  tunnels  preparatory  to  open 
ing  up  the  mine  in  the  large  body  of  gravel  from 
the  immense  river-bed  extending  through  thtir  prop 
erty.  The  Gray  Eagle  is  pushing  its  tunnel  ahead 
at  the  rate  of  300  feet  per  month  and  expects  to  strike 
the  body  of  piy  gravel  by  October. 

Iowa  Hill.— Cor.  Placer  Herald,  June  14 
While  we  do  not  make  any  great  outcry,  I  think 
Iowa  Hill  holds  its  own  with  most  of  the  small  mount- 
ain towns.  The  Morning  Star  mine  keeps  on  the 
even  tenor  with  a  moderate  crew  of  men,  uuder  Mr 
H.  Simons;  the  Waterhouse  &  Dorn  is  reported 
having  the  richest  cement  in  sight  that  they  ever 
had,  and  I  have  seen  some  from  there  which  was 
very  rich.  The  Drummond  mine,  near  Cottage 
Home,  in  spite  of  the  predictions  of  many  sore 
heads,  has  been  a  paying  properly  all  winter,  al- 
though the  extra  expense  incurred  on  account  of 
deep  snow  was  very  heavy.  The  new  tunnel  is  pro. 
gre-sing  rapidly  and  the  expectation  is  that  the 
ledgp  may  be  struck  inside  of  50  feet.  The  Pioneer 
is  also  making  over  expenses,  though  they  were 
handicapped  bv  the  deep  snow  also.  Red  Point  is 
reported  as  doing  well  and  about  to  start"  the  Bur- 
leighs  soon  to  extend  the  main  (unnel.  I  hear  that 
a  contract  has  b^en  let  to  push  the  xVew  Basil  bed 
rock  tunnel  in  Black  Canyon  400  feet,  to  start  im- 
mediately. Reports  from  Canada  Hill  and  Sailor 
Canyon  are  meager,  yet  hopeful.  There  are  several 
small  mines  near  here  which  are  worked  by  iheir 
owners  principally,  which  are  reported  as  doing 
fairly  well.  Among  them  are  the  Watts  mine  at 
Monona,  Tommy  Dick,  at  King's  Hill,  and  others, 

Plumas. 

The  Blind  Lead  Mine.— Greenville  Bulletin, 
June  11:  About  two  years  ago,  Archie  Warren 
and  John  Mclntyre  struck  a  ledge  of  good  ore  on 
Wolf  Creek  near  the  Wisconsin  milt.  A  tunnel  was 
driven  into  the  hill  230  feet.  At  first  the  vein 
seemed  to  lie  nearly  flat,  and  in  following  it,  the 
tunnel  was  run  oh  an  incUne  a  part  of  the  distance, 
until  the  amount  of  water  rendered  further  progress 
impracticable.  At  the  end  of  this  230-foot  tunnel, 
the  ledge  stands  at  an  angle  of  45  d  grees.  A  sec- 
ond tunnel  was  started  last  fall,  about  60  feet  belo 
the  first,  and  driven  under  the  vein.  About  ten 
days  ago,  an  upraise  was  made  for  the  purpose 
of  tapping  the  ledge,  which  was  reached  after  going 
IS  feet.  Mr.  Warren  informs  us  that  the  body  of 
ore  is  from  six  to  eight  feet  wide,  and  that  it  pros- 
pects about  $ro  per  ton.  Considering  the  inclina- 
tion of  the  ore  body  and  the  depth  of  the  lower 
tunnel  from  the  surface,  he  estimates  the  backs  at 
about  300  feet.  Messrs.  D.  Mclntyre  and  Archie 
Warren,  the  owners,  think  they  have  a  fine  prop- 
erty. It  will  be  remembered  that  the  Gold  Stripe 
Co.  had  some  very  rich  ore  in  that  vicinity.  It  is 
thought  that  this  discovery  may  be  fuUv  as  rich  and 
more  extensive. 

A  Bright  Outlook:.  —  A'at/ofial,  June  14- 
Harley  Flournoy  informs  us  that  the  Genesee 
mme  and  Brandt  mine  are  in  full  'operation 
and  showing  up  well.  A  party  from  San  Francisco 
have  made  a  quartz  location,  and  have  prospected 
it  enough  to  feel  assured  that  they  have  a  good 
mine.  The  party  passed  through  town  on  their 
way  to  San  Francisco,  but  will  return  in  about  a 
month  to  put  up  buildings  and  commence.'work  to 


develop  it.  It  will  be  but  a  short  time  before 
Plumas  will  step  to  the  front  as  the  leading  mining 
county  of  the  Stale. 

Stiaata. 

A  Day  with  a  Prospector. — Redding  Free 
Press,  June  11:  We  spent  last  Sabbath  in  the 
hills.  Leaving  Redding  about  6  o'clock,  we  walked 
up  the  railroad  track  a  quarter  of  a  mile  above 
Middle  creek,  where  we  were  met  by  Mr.  Connor 
and  his  son,  owners  of  the  Sky  Blue  mine.  With 
these  gentlemen  we  took  an  extended  tramp,  vis- 
iting many  prospects  and  gaining  a  general  idea 
of  the  mining  resources  of  the  section  between  Old 
Diggings  and  tLe  Hartman  mine  (in  the  Lower 
Springs  district).  Among  other  prospects  we  vis- 
ited the  famous  Scherer  mine  on  Salt  creek.  An 
engine  and  pump  near  at  hand  indicated  that  the 
shaft  would  soon  be  cleared  of  water.  Below  this 
hole  is  an  open  cut  leading  from  the  creek,  and  a 
fine  tunnel  200  feet  long  into  the  mountain.  En- 
tering the  tunnel,  we  saw  two  miners  drilling  holes 
in  the  hard,  birds-eye  porphyry,  preparatory  to 
blasting.  They  informed  us  that  a  distance  of  450 
feet  would  tap  the  shaft.  We  had  occasion  to 
cross  the  old  Bunker  Hill  ground,  which  at  an 
early  day  produced  tubs  full  of  quartz  and  rusty 
gold -a  veritable  bonanza  that  was  taken  out  and 
expended  in  litigation.  After  $80,000  had  been 
extracted  the  pay  chute  was  lo  t,  and  has  never 
been  discovered,  although  diligent  search  has  been 
made.  -  Near  the  Bunker  Hill  mine  can  be  seen 
quite  a  number  of  prospect  holes  and  indications 
of  surface  mining,  prosecuted  years  before  with 
profit.  The  developments  made  in  the  Sky  Blue 
indicate  a  bright  fuiure  for  this  mine.  In  a  north- 
erly direction,  all  the  way  over  an  almost  level 
country  to  Quartz  Hill,  can  be  seen  indications  of 
placer-minii  g,  and  the  quartz  croppings  close  by 
plainly  show  from  whence  those  placers  were  fed. 
It  has  been  said  that  "  the  mines  of  Shasta  do  not 
go  down,"  but  the  mining  done  in  this  section 
would  convince  a  reasonable  man  that  the  miners, 
and  not  the  mines,  do  not  go  down. 

Sierra  Bijttes.  —  We  understand  that  the 
Sierra  Buttes  M,  Co.  on  Squ*w  creek  made  a  clean 
up  last  week  after  running  a  month,  and  that  the 
amalgam  was  more  than  any  one  man  in  the  camp 
could  lift. 

Sierra. 

Garibaldi. — Mountain  Messenger,  June  14:  The 
Giribaldi    mine  at  Gold  Valley  is  paying   very  well. 
The  last  run  the  rock  crushed  paid  about  $17  a  ton, 
Trinity. 

A  Big  M\n&,~ Journal,  June  14:  Last  Satur- 
day, in  company  with  a  p^rty,  one  of  the  Journal 
force  found  Supt.  Lgvendge  and  the  efticitnt  fore 
man,  C.  E,  Goodyear,  with  the  working  crew  as 
busy  as  bees.  The  immense  bank  of  gravel  is  be- 
ing plowed  away  as  fast  as  the  three  hydraulic 
monitors,  running  12  hours  a  day  with  from  150  to 
360  feet  pressure,  can  do  it.  The  fare  of  the  bank 
is  now  80  feet  and  will  shortly  be  130  feet.  The 
bedrock  ditch  and  eight-foot  flume  {with  under- 
current) have  a  good  and  sufficient  grade,  and  no 
trouble  is  encountered  by  either  getting  blocked. 
Everything  about  the  mine  is  in  ship-shape  style, 
and  nothing  is  lacking  at  present  in  which  to  work 
to  an  advantage  and  get  the  full  bent  fit  of  the 
supply  of  water,  which  will  last  for  several  weeks 
more.  As  the  company  are  now  working  as  good, 
if  not  better,  gravel  than  they  have  for  years,  a 
fl  ittering  ch'anup  is  more  than  probable.  The 
company  own  400  acres,  and  in  charge  of  Supt, 
Loveridge  we  went  over  some  of  the  ground,  follow 
ing  the  channel  leading  from  the  place  where  the 
mine  is  now  being  worked  to  the  reservoir  on  the 
top  of  the  mountain,  a  distance  of  one  mile.  The 
auriferous  giavel  can  be  seen,  from  the  surface 
down,  where  the  water  has  cut  deep  into  the 
channel  all  the  way  up  to  the  reservoir,  but  no  sign 
of  bedrock  is  visible;  and  right  on  top  of  the 
mountain,  where  the  two  ditches  empty  into  the 
reservoir,  is  a  bank  of  gravel  perhaps  100  feet  high, 
The  depth  of  the  gravel  in  the  channel  which  the 
company  have  just  faced  is  estimated  to  be  from 
100  to  500  feet,  and  with  the  present  supply  of 
water  would  take  centuries  or  more  to  work.  Ow- 
ing to  the  misfortune  of  portions  of  the  ditches 
sliding  away,  the  loss  of  water  caused  the  company 
to  lose  three  months'  work,  but  nevertheless  they 
will  make  a  good  showing  this  season. 

Canyon  Creek  Quartz  —  Journal,  June  14; 
Geo.  Bailey  infornii  us  that  work  is  progressing 
iratisfactorily  on  the  mines  and  locations  on  Canyon 
creek.  Work  is  being  pushed  on  the  mines  in 
which  he  is  interested  with  Grant  Flowers  and  C. 
W.  Smith.  A  tunnel  is  being  run  and  it  is  now  in 
61  feet.  The  ground  is  well  suited  for  tunneling, 
and  the  tunnel  progresses  at  the  rate  of  over  four 
feet  a  day;  it  is  expected  that  the  tunnel  will  tap  the 
middle  ledge  within  a  distance  of  30  feet.  The  tun- 
nel will  tap  the  lower  ledge  at  a  depth  of  175  feet, 
and  the  back  ledge  at  a  depth  of  about  300  feet. 
The  rock  in  the  three  ledges  carries  free  gold  and 
prospects  well.  The  gold  is  heavy  and  easily  saved. 
If  the  development  work  turns  out  as  satisfactorily 
as  expected,  a  mill  will  be  erected  this  summer. 
Carlson,  Dedrick  &  Benjamin  have  begun  work  on 
their  ledge  and  have  a  good  prospect  of  finding  a 
good  mine.  Grigsby  &  Shock  are  at  work  on  their 
locations  and  have  first  class  prospects. 

New  River. — Jas.  Mullane  of  New  River  says 
that  the  past  winter  in  New  River  was  very  severe 
and  but  little  work  was  done,  hence  times  have  been 
rather  quiet  this  spring.  The  differ  nt  claims  are 
now  being  worked  and  business  will  pick  up  the 
coming  summer.  At  present  the  following  mines 
are  in  operation:  Mountain  Boomer,  Ladd  &  Cle- 
ments. Tunnels  are  being  run  and  ore  taken  out; 
the  ledge  is  not  large  but  rich,  and  the  mine  is  a 
good  piece  of  property.  The  ore  is  being  crushed 
in  the  company's  stamp-mill.  Mr.  Colgrove  is 
working  on  the  Excelsior,  taking  out  ore  and  de 
veloping  the  mine.  The  Irvin  mine,  found  one  year 
ago,  is  showing  up  well;  quartz  crushed  from  it  has 
averaged  over  $75  a  ton.  Irvin  &  Ladd  are  the 
owners,  and  thty  are  now  running  a  tunnel  to  tap 
it  at  a  lower  depth.  The  rock  is  crushed  in  the 
Mountain  Bjoraer  mill.  Gulick  &  Bowles  in  the 
Uncle  Sam  are  taking  out  rock,  ciushing  and  run- 
ning development  tunnels.  Stephen  Sherwood  in 
the  Sherwood  mine  is  taking  out  rock  and  crushing 
by  arastra.  Fairburn  &  Co.  are  taking  out  ore  and 
doing  general  development  work  on  the  Tough 
Nut.  At  present  there  is  too  much  snow  on  the 
Mary  Blaine  mine  for  work  to  be  resumed.  There 
will  be  plenty  of  water  to  run  arastras  and  mills  all 
summer  and  a  good  season's  work  is  looked  for. 


Considerable  quartz  was  taken  out  last  fall  and 
piled  up  to  be  crushed,  but  the  heavy  snows  came 
and  it  could  not  be  worked.  This  will  be  run 
through  and  more  taken  out  and  a  prosperous  sea- 
son is  looked  for. 

Tuolumne. 

Gold  from  the  Bonanza  Mine.  —  Umon- 
Democrat,  June  14;  One  day  during  this  wetk  Nel- 
son Wiiliams  picked  up  several  pieces  of  quartz  on 
Sheppard  street,  at  the  lower  end  of  town.  Thty 
were  worth  about  $60  to  him,  that  amount  of  gold 
being  subsequently  extracted  from  the  quartz.  The 
rock  came  from  the  Bonanza  mine,  it  being  used  in 
repairing  the  street  in  that  locality.  Quite  a  number 
of  boys  have  succeeded  in  making  small  "finds'' 
since  gaining  a  knowledge  of  Mr.    Williams'  luck. 

Pocket.  —  Tuolumne  Independent,  June  14: 
Messrs.  Jas.  Stone  and  Pedro  struck  a  fine  pocket 
in  their  mine  on  Brown's  Flat,  Friday  of  last  week, 
which  still  holds  out.  The  gold  is  pure  and  in 
abundance,  coming  out  in  numerous  beautiful 
shapes,  many  pieces  resembling  strips  of  crinkley 
ribbon.  The  mine  is  owned  by  Mr.  J.  G.  Pedro  of 
Jamestown,  and  is  leased  from  him  by  Messrs. 
Stone  and  Pedro  of  Brown's  Flat  on  shares.  This 
pocket  will,  no  doubt,  reach  up  to  many  thousand 
dollars  when  it  is  all  taken  out,  which  will  add  new 
laurels  to  what  has  been  a  good-paying  mine  for 
years. 

NEVADA. 

Washoe  Dt strict. 

Sierra  Nevada.— Virginia  Enttrprise,  June  14: 
The  west  crosscut  on  the  630  level  sull  continues  in 
a  mixture  of  quartz,  clay  and  porphyry. 

Union  Con.— East  crosscut  No,  1  on  the  1465 
level  is  making  the  usual  progress.  The  north 
lateral  drift  is  rapidly  advanced. 

Mexican. — West  crosscut  No.  5  on  the  1465 
level  is  in  vein  porphyry  that  is  beginning  to  show 
streaks  of  quartz. 

Ophir. — On  the  1300  level  the  winze  at  a  point 
ten  leet  southwest  of  the  raise  is  down  21  feet  in 
porphyry  carrying  low:grade  quartz. 

Utah.— The  raise  going  up  to  the  600  level  is 
still  in  quartz. 

Andes.— Past  week  520  level  north  drift  from  No. 
2  west  crosscut  extended  15  feel;  formation,  quartz 
and  porphyry.  On  350  level,  west  crosscut  ex- 
tended to  260  feet;  formation,  hard  porphyry. 

Silver  Hill. -On  the  1600  level  the  east  drift 
has  penetrated  a  formation  that  carries  a  promising 
amount  of  mt-tal. 

Jacket. — A  good  deal  of  exploring  work  is  being 
done  in  ground  that  promises  well.  Are  still  mak- 
ing regular  shipments  of  ore  to  the  Brunswick  mill, 
Carson  river.     The  ore  averages  over  $20  a  ton. 

Seg.  Belcher. — The  1000  raise  from  the  No.  i 
east  crosscut  is  up  45  feet,  having  advanced  30  feet 
during  the  week.  The  top  is  in  low-grade  quartz. 
The  joint  850  east  crosscut  is  out  a  total  distance  of 
550  leet.  having  been  extended  31  feet  since  last  re- 
port.    The  face  is  in  hard  porphyry. 

Alta  — The  mill  continues  to  be  run  to  its  full 
capacity.  The  ore  worked  averages  $22  a  ton.  The 
ore-producing  sections  of  the  mine  continue  lo 
look  well. 

Exchequer. — On  the  500  level  the  east  crosscut 
is  making  good  headway.  The  face  is  in  quarlz 
and  porphyry  that  yields  low  assays. 

Savage —During  the  week  we  hoisted  530  cars 
of  ore;  shipped  to  Rock  Point  mill  443  ions  and 
milled  454  tons;  average  bittery  assay.  $19.95.  We 
I  ave  bnilinn  on  hand  and  at  the  mill  amounting 
to  $7046.60, 

ScoKPiON. — The  southwest  drift  on  the  630  level 
sti;l  continues  in  a  favorable  formation  composed  of 
a  mixture  of  porphyry  and  clay. 

Crown  Point.— Shipped  to  the  mill  during  the 
week  795  tons  1350  pounds  of  ore,  the  average 
battery  assay  value  of  which  was  $t9,40. 

Alpha.— On  the  500  level  the  west  crosscut  con- 
tinues in  vein  porphyry.  On  the  600  level  the  east 
crosscut  is  still  being  extended  in  a  favorable  forma- 
lio  1  of  quarlz,  clay  and  porphyry. 

Imperial.— West  crosscut  No.  3  from  the  north 
lateral  drift  from  the  500  level  is  out  48  feet,  10  feet 
having  been  made  during  the  week,  the  face  show- 
ing low-grade  quartz. 

Hale  &  NohCROSS.— A'e  working  on  the  500, 
800,  1250,  1300  and  other  Itvels.  At  several  pomts 
low-grade  ore  is  showing,  and  some  of  these  are  like- 
ly to  lead  to  paying  deposits.  A  good  deal  of  ore  is 
being  mined  on  the  1300  level.  The  usual  amount 
of  ore  is  being  reduced  at  the  Nevada  mill— abcut 
r  lOD  tons  a  week.  The  ore  averages  $20  a  ion. 
There  is  bullion  on  hand  and  at  the  mill  valued  at 
$18,454. 

Nlw  York  Con. — The  usual  prospecting  work  is 
bsifig  done  on  the  650,  800  and  900  levels.  On  the 
two  latter  levels  some  ore  of  low  grade  is  being  en- 
countered. The  general  outlook  at  the  mine  is  fa- 
vorable'. 

North  Occidental.  —  Are  still  doing  repair 
work. 

Justice. — Considerable  ore  of  a  good  grade  is  be- 
ing developed  at  all  points  on  the  622  level.  On  the 
49:)  level  explorations  are  being  made  in  fertile 
giound  and  some  fair  ore  has  been  found.  The  usu- 
al amount  of  ore  has  been  shipped  to  the  mill,  and 
the  average  assay  will  be  about  $27  a  ton. 

Chollar.— Good  ore  is  still  showing  on  the  750 
level  in  No.  i  crosscuf.  No.  3  crosscut  is  in  a  favor- 
able formation.  The  north  lateral  drift  on  the  950 
level  continues  iu  vein  porphyry. 

Challenge  Con.— The  joint  Confidence- Chal- 
lenge-Imperial north  lateral  drift  from  crosscut  No. 
I  on  the  1000  level  (Yellow  Jacket  800)  is  in  30  leet. 
25  feet  having  been  m^de  during  the  week;  face 
showing  low-grade  quarlz.  The  joint  Confidence- 
Challenge  west  crns--cut  Irom  the  top  of  the  raise 
on  the  70D  levi-l  (Yellow  |acket  500)  is  out  41  teet, 
3t  feet  having  been  mide  during  the  week;  face 
showing  low-grade  quarlz. 

Occidental  Con.  —  The  stopes  on  the  400  and 
450  levels  continue  to  yield  ore  of  a  good  quality. 
I  he  winze  on  the  506  level  still  shows  good  ore. 
The  main  north  drift  on  the  650  level  is  showing  ore 
of  low  grade. 

PoTosi. — The  winze  on  the  930  level  is  making 
good  progress,  '  The  bottom  is  in  low-grade  ore  of 
good  appearance.  On  .the  850  level  the  prospecting 
drifts  are  showing  well.  The  outlook  in  all  parts  of 
the  mine  is  favorable. 

Con.  Cal.  &  Virginia.— Work  is  being  done  on 
the  1000,  1200,  1300.  143S,  1500  and  1650  levels. 
On  the  1435  level  are  following   a   promising  streak 


JoNE  21,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


416 


u(  qu^irU  a  toul  in  width  that  lirs  on  the  west  wall. 
Sonif  good  ore  15  being  found  on  the  1000  It-vrl  in 
the  old  stopes.  On  the  1650  level  ore  is  being  ex- 
tracted at  several  points.  The  usual^quaniiiy  01  ore 
has  been  shipped  to  the  mills  on  the  Carson  river. 
and  the  average  vahie  will  be  about  523  a  ton. 

BEi.rne((.  — The  joint  850  east  crosscut  is  now  out 
a  total  distance  of  550  feet,  the  face  being  in  hard 
porphyry.  The  1300  east  crosscut  is  in  88  feet,  and 
the  face  is  iu  low-grade  quartz. 

Central  District. 
Coming  TO  TUK  FRuST.—Sihrr  S/iili,  June  11 : 
A.  D.  Wilcox.  S.  W.  Kuse  and  County  Clerk  Dunn 
left  this  morning  for  Central  district  to  look  at  the 
mine?.  The  district  is  coming  to  the  front,  the 
Aurum  and  Locomotive  being  piying  nimes,  and 
the  Millionaire,  owned  by  A.  H.  Ku«;,  it  is  be- 
lieved, will  shortly  be  on  the  paying  list. 

PriDCe  Royal  District. 
PkOsi'ECTiNG.-.SV/:,-/  St-ife.  June  11:  In  the 
early  days  of  Humboldt,  lich  ore  was  found  at  the 
nofthern  end  of  the  Humboldt  range,  in  what  was 
called  Prince  Koyjl  district.  For  some  reason  or 
other  the  mines  we'e  never  developed  to  any  great 
extent,  nnd  the  district  was  abandoned  many  years 
ago.  Now  a  Mr.  Boustield,  one  of  the  first  pros- 
pectors in  the  di  trict,  has  returned  here  and  is  look- 
ing for  a  lead  which  he  discovered  about  27  years 
ago.  He  thought  he  could  go  right  straight  to  the 
lead,  but  so  fdr  he  has  been  unable  to  hnd  it. 

COLORADO. 

The  DoiiUQUi-:  Tunnel.— Aspen  Tima.  June  14: 
The  ore  streak  recently  opened  10  the  Dubuque  tun- 
nel in  ijjeen's  gu'ch  holds  out  satisfactorily,  it 
varies  in  thickness  (rom  a  few  inches  to  two  or  ihree 
feet,  and  it  has  now  been  followed  far  enough  to 
leai  the  management  to  balieve  that  it  is  continuous. 
Ten  or  twelve  tons  of  the  ore  has  been  taken  out. 

The  Jostk  e.— The  11  iw  of  water  in  the  Justice 
has  so  (ar  decrea<;ed  that  Mamger  Crowe  has  been 
able  to  st^rt  up  prospecting  operations  again  in  all 
parts  of  the  p-operty. 

Change  ok  Management. — A  change  of  man- 
agement has  taken  place  on  the  Mollie  Gbson, 
Frank  Bulkley  having  been  succeeded  by  C.  E.  Pal- 
mer. The  change  was  effected  on  Monday,  and 
Mr.  Palmer  is  now  in  full  posspssi  jn  of  the  prnperiy, 

The  BtbT  Fkiend. — The  Hfst  Friend  mine  m 
Tourlelotte  park  continues  to  take  out  sufficient  ore 
to  pay  for  development  work,  but  no  large  body  of 
mineral  has  yet  been  met  with. 

The  Bushwhackek.— The  Bushwhacker  mine  is 
now  producing  from  30  to  40  tons  of  a  good  grade 
of  ore  per  d  ly.  It  is  thought  that  the  output  (or  the 
month  ending  July  4  will  reach  $75,000. 

DAKOTA. 

Bogus  Jim  Crefk  Mines  — Deadwood  Pioneer, 
June  It:  News  of  recent  discoveries  of  gold  and 
stiver  ores  that  had  been  made  down  on  the  ea=;t- 
ern  side  of  the  Hills,  along  what  is  known  as  ihe 
Bogus  Jim  creek,  reaching  this  office,  a  reporter 
was  sent  to  that  neighborhood  where  they  were 
working,  and  found  an  outcrop  of  what  we  term 
dry  ore  about  Deadwood,  that  we  walked  on  for 
1700  feet,  and  were  shown  the  thickness  of  the 
ore  in  at  least  15  places,  and  at  no  point  less 
than  one  foot,  and  at  the  thickest  places  five  to 
five  and  one-half  feet  of  clean  ore,  rich  in  silicious 
matter  to  say  the  least,  and  probably  some  particles 
of  precious  metals.  Of  the  last-mentioned  sub- 
stances none  were  discoverable  to  the  free  eye. 
Frank  B  yani,  one  of  the  prospectors,  said  that 
some  fair  assays  had  been  gotten  and  a  number  of 
traces  out  of  the  ore,  and  so  far  had  not  seen  a 
piece  of  porphyry,  let  alone  a  dyke  of  this  rock, 
in  the  neighborhood,  but  if  one  or  two  of  the  last- 
named  intiusives  would  bi  found  cutting  through 
the  quarlzite  and  ore,  he  would  feel  sure  of  finding 
regular  and  good  pay.  He  further  said  that  the 
lower  strata  of  quartz'te  was  but  two  miles  wide 
and  dipped  northeasterly  toward  the  footbil's  and 
could  be  traced  one  and  one-half  miles  in  the  last- 
named  direction.  We  found  the  ores  sufficient  in 
quintily  and  outward  appearance.  If  it  has  the 
stuff"  in  it  the  property  is  a  fine  one. 

IDAHO. 

Prichard  Creek. — Wardner  Nenos,  June  n: 
Most  encouraging  news  comes  to  us  Irom  ihe  north 
side.  The  historic  banks  of  Prichard  cre^k  seem 
destined  to  enj-)y  another  boom  equal,  if  not  lar 
greater  than,  that  existing  when  the  first  cry  of 
gold  was  heard  there.  Recent  developments  have 
brought  to  light  the  existence  of  carbonate  ore 
there  in  Urge  quantities,  and  the  result  of  future 
operations  in  the  region  of  the  new  find  will  be 
watched  with  much  anxiety.  The  success  of  the 
recent  discovery  will  create  a  new  era  in  the  pros- 
perity of  the  country  at  large,  and  every  well-wiiher 
of  Cosur  d'Alene  should  rrjo'ce  accordingly.  Silly 
prejudice  should  never  exist  in  a  mining  camp, 
as  the  prosperity  of  one  district  helps  the  advance- 
ment of  another,  and  nothing  conduces  to  handi- 
cap their  progress  more  than  a  foolish  rivalry  that 
has  no  ground  for  existence.  While  we  rejoice 
with  the  good  tidings  from  the  north,  we  can  safely 
say  that  the  outlook  for  Ihe  South  Fork  was  never 
so  good  as  at  present.  The  rise  in  the  price  of 
lead  is  most  encouraging  and  the  mines  in  all  lo- 
calities will  in  future  be  worked  to  much  better 
advantage  with  the  improvements  that  have  been 
made  and  the  new  machinery  that  has  been  intro- 
duced. Closely  identified  with  the  vast  mineral 
product  of  the  country,  and  in  fact  every  move- 
ment tending  toward  it,  are  the  matchless  mines 
surrounding  Wardner. 

Minnie  Moore.— Wood  River  Times,  June  it: 
Work  has  been  discontinued  in  the  Minnie  Moore 
below  the  600  level,  for  the  present.  Above  that 
level  work  will  be  continued  by  leasers,  but  the 
company  itself  will  not  be  directly  responsible  for 
any  of  the  cost  of  working.  Its  sole  concernment 
will  be  the  receipt  of  royalties  on  the  ore  extracted. 
The  property  not  only  owes  its  owners  nothing,  Mr, 
Kinnear  says,  but  has  repaid"^ll  the  investment  and 
a  satisfactory  profit  besides.  That  it  has  done  so 
well,  Mr.  Kinnear  says,  demonstrates  how  good  a 
mine  it  is.  In  addition  to  all  the  expensive  mis- 
takes made  and  the  cost  of  the  plant,  which  much 
exceeds  $100,000,  it  costs  $50,  net,  every  day  in  the 
year,  to  keep  the  water  out.  This,  without  reckon- 
ing office  expenses,  pro  rata  interest  on  capital  in- 


vsted.  etc  ,  which  would  bring  the  cost  fully  up  to 
%7$  per  day,  but  the  Minnie  has  been  draining  the 
whole  country.  U  is  surrounded  by  the  U-liel  and 
other  cliims  of  the  Miller  Brothers,  the  ijueen  of 
the  Hills  and  others;  and  none  of  them  are  doing 
anything  worth  mentioning  in  the  way  of  drainage*. 
Thus  the  whole  expense  falls  upon  the  Minnie.  If 
the  owners  of  the  surroundmg  claims  ever  agree  to 
unite  with  the  Mmnie  in  paying  the  cost  ol  pump- 
ing, the  Mmnie  Moore  Co.  will  be  ready  to  re&ume 
op.-rations  throughout  the  mine,  and  by  making  a 
lew  connections  can  drain  all  its  neighbors  cheaply 
and  effectually,  but  until  then  the  .Minnie  will  limit 
its  field  of  operations  10  the  upper  levels. 

MokkUkeinthe  War  Dance.— The  second 
chute  of  ore  was  cut  into  last  week  in  the  lowest 
tunnel  of  the  Kmery  and  War  Dance  group,  on 
Deer  Creek.  This  chute  was  cut  in  the  upper 
workings,  and  as  it  has  b*en  ascertained  to  continue 
in  depth,  it  adds  considerably  to  the  value  of  the 
properly.  The  ore  was  cut  at  a  depth  of  325  feet. 
As  the  lowest  tunnel  is  driven  into  the  hill  it  attains 
greater  depth  wiih  every  inch  of  advance,  so  that 
when  two  or  three  ore  chutes  exposed  in  the  upper 
workings  shill  be  cut  it  will  be  at  a  depth  of  400  to 
470  feet.  This  wilt  give  the  owners  a  great  hight 
ot  backs  and  several  years'  prospecting  and  develop- 
ment work,  before  going  any  deeper. 

Placer  Possiuilities.— Idiho  City  World, 
lune  to;  The  More  Creek  Bedrock  Flume  Co. 
has  made  a  big  puff  and  b'ow,  created  a  big  smoke 
with  but  little  fire,  and  has  now  settled  down  to 
doing  nothing.  It  appears  that  a  number  of  the 
company  want  to  be  in  on  the  dividends  but  not 
the  assessments— to  put  in  nothing— but  be  full 
partners  when  the  dust  comes  out.  That  kind 
of  a  scheme  will  fail  to  work,  except  to  work  injury 
to  the  country.  Bedrock  flume  has  been  talked 
and  talked  for  over  20  years,  and  thus  far  all  the 
talk  has  come  to  naught.  Not  a  box  of  flume  has 
ever  been  constructed.  Numbers  of  companies 
have  been  organized,  but  through  scheming,  see- 
sawing, pulling  and  hauhng.  dog-in-the-m'inger 
opposiiion.  etc.,  the  millions  of  money  in  the  bed 
o(  More  creek  still  slumbereth  undisturbed,  and 
may  be  gathered  in  hy  some  future  generation. 
Another  enterprise  was  agitated  for  many  years, 
but  of  Ute  the  interest  in  it  has  been  slumbering! 
ll  is  more  in  the  nature  of  a  theory  to  be  demon- 
strated than  anythmg  else,  and  in  it  are  magnificent 
possib.hties.  It  is  to  sink  through  the  sedimentary 
deposit — a  formation  termed  by  miners  a  "false 
b  drock."  A  formation  of  this  kmd  has  existed 
in  but  two  or  three  sections  outside  of  Boise 
Basin— the  most  noted  b^ing  in  Australia,  By 
far  the  best  pay  there  was  found  between  the 
formation  and  the  solid  bedrock.  What  is  under- 
neath this  "  false  bedrock"  of  the  Basin  is  yet 
be  determined.  A  shaft  was  sunk  in  the  bed  of 
More  creek  a  great  many  years  ago,  but  after  go- 
ing down  over  100  feet,  operations  had  to  be  abin- 
doned  on  account  of  the  inferiority  of  the  pumping 
machinery.  Near  the  junction  of  Middle  and 
North  Boise  rivers  there  is  a  formation  like  this  of 
Bose  Basin.  Above  it  the  ground  was  just  fairly 
good.  New  parties  got  hold  of  the  ground  this 
season,  went  through  the  "false  bedrock,"  which 
was  only  a  few  feet  in  thickness,  and  between  that 
and  the  granite  bedrock  the  gravel  is  immensely 
rich,  running  four  bits  and  over  to  the  pan.  It 
looks  as  if  a  company  could  easily  be  organized 
in  the  B  isin  to  sink  a  shaft  and  see  what  is  below  — 
between  the  "false  bedrock"  and  the  country 
rock— the  graniie.  If  20  or  30  would  form  them- 
selves into  a  company  it  would  cost  each  but 
little,  and  they  would  not  feel  the  loss,  even  if  the 
experiment  were  a  failure;  When  reminded  of  the 
other  sections  that  have  yielded  so  immensely  be- 
low this  same  kind  of  formation,  it  atf  jrds  a  good 
foundation  lor  'aith  in  the  theory  that  the  best  pay 
in  the  Basin  is  deeper  down  than  explorations  have 
yet  been  carried. 

LOWER    CALIFORNIA, 

Alamo  Not£.s.— Lower  California)!,  June  12: 
It  is  hinted  that  there  is  a  gentleman  in  camp  who 
proposes  to  put  up  a  4o-room  hotel  as  soon  as  he 
can  find  a  suitable  location,  and  arrange  for  bring- 
ing in  his  outfit  on  rea'^onable  duties.  The  output 
from  the  mines  is  greater  than  ever  before  and  all 
the  mills  in  the  camp  are  running  night  and  day  ex- 
cept the  El  Priso,  and  it  is  waiting  for  new  dies 
which  will  be  here  in  a  few  days.  John  Albright 
made  a  rich  strike  last  week  in  the  Montezuma.  A 
hall  pound  of  dirt  and  rock  produced  $5.30.  John 
is  happy.  The  ore  in  the  Asbestos  is  running  over 
$40  per  ton.  The  Encantada  is  a  large  producer 
and  consequ'-nily  Russell  &  Co.  are  furnishing  plen- 
ty of  mescal  to  their  friends.  The  Scorpion  mine 
was  leased  last  week  and  is  now  one  of  the  heavy 
producers  again.  Mr.  Howard  came  up  to  camp 
last  week  10  put  men  to  work  on  the  Butler 
property,  but  he  found  only  two  idle  men  in 
camp.  He  had  to  go  to  the  Real  for  laborers,  who 
are  now  in  Alamo.  The  camp  is  in  great  need  of 
good  miners.  The  Newell  brothers  have  made  an 
unexpected  strike  on  the  Ulises  claim.  A  30-ton 
lot  yielded  $63  per  ton.  Unfortunately  the  St. 
David  mine  has  been  overfl')wn  by  waier  and  is  now 
lying  idle  waiting  for  machinery.  It  is  reported 
that  the  pumping  machinery  for  both  the  Indian 
and  St.  David  mines  is  in  San  Diego.  The  final 
fittings  for  the  hoisting  works  on  the  Telemaco 
arrived  by  the  company's  last  freight  team,  and  the 
machinery  will  soon  be  working.  There  was  a  cave- 
in  on  the  Teleraaco  a  week  or  so  ago,  but  nobody 
was  hurt.  The  Elsinore  is  being  worked  in  good 
shape.  It  is  being  limbered,  has  a  good  force  at 
work  and  is  turning  out  as  much  gold  as  any  mine 
in  the  camp.  Quite  extensive  placers  are  being  con- 
stantly worked  in  out-of  the-way  places  among  the 
fl  Its  and  canyons.  The  placer  miners  are  the  most 
cosmopolitan  and  picturesque  folks  in  the  whole 
country.  Chinamen  by  the  dozens  leave  their  rude 
brush  huts  on  the  hillsides  to  toil  in  the  trenches, 
Mexicans  by  the  dozen  with  their  broad  sombreros 
and  red  flannel  shirts,  and  Americans— a  queer  lot 
of  them— all  slick  to  the  placers,  Some  of  them 
make  four  or  five  dollars  a  day  occasionally,  but  the 
work  is  hard  and  the  results  are  uncertain. 

UTAH. 

Ori^.. — Salt  Lake  Stock  Exchange  fojirnal.  June 
14:  Over  a  million  pounds  of  Bullion-Beck  ore  was 
received  in  the  city  Tuesday  snd  Wednesday. 
Value  of  the  consignments,  $i6,ooo.     The  Alliance 


drain  tunnel  is  now  in  a  distance  of  4200  feet,  and 
it  is  the  intention  to  push  it  800  feet  farther,  when 
It  is  expeciid  that  a  rich  vein  will  be  struck.  The 
Centennial  Kureka  Co,  have  a  large  balance  to 
their  credit  at  the  bank,  and  are  shipping  one  car  of 
high-grade  ore  daily.  Sixty-five  thousand  and 
twenty  pounds  of  Alliance  ore  was  received  in  the 
city  and  sold  yesterday.  It  assayed  34.05  per  cent 
lead,  74  ounces  silver  and  72  ounces  gold  to  the 
Ion.  The  Glencoe  has  several  hundred  tons  of 
shipping  ore  on  the  dump  and  a  big  body  of  the 
precious  metal  in  sight.  The  stockholdt-rs  are  con- 
sidering  the  feasibility  of  building  a  mill. 

WASHINGTON. 

Ledge  Matter.— Oltanogan  Outiook,  June  n: 
Negotiations  are  on  foot  for  the  transler  of  valuable 
mining  properties  on  Ruby  hill.  The  new  shaft  on-l 
the  Lady  of  the  Lake  is  down  about  25  feet  and 
in  a  splendid  body  of  ore.  Dennis  McDonald, 
superintendent  of  the  Red  Shirt  mine  in  Methew 
county,  came  to  town  this  week.  The  tunnel 
is  row  in  about  100  feet.  There  are  three  men  at 
work  on  the  Modock,  adjoining  the  Idaho  mine 
on  War  Eagle  hill.  They  have  sunk  a  shaft 
14  feet,  showing  up  a  good  strong  ledge.  The 
Modock  is  owned  by  L.  V.  Murray,  Alex.  Mc- 
Pherson  and  Jack  Waters.  Geo.  Pfunder  has  four 
men  at  work  on  the  Second  Thought  mine  on 
Ruby  hill.  They  have  run  a  tunnel  83  feet  since 
the  first  of  April,  and  are  now  crosscutting  the 
ledge  at  a  dppth  of  60  feet  below  the  surface.  An 
offer  of  $60,000  has  recently  been  refused  for  this 
mine.  This  may  seem  a  large  sum,  but  when 
taken  into  consideration  that  its  location  is  between 
the  Fourth  of  July  and  First  Thought,  both  of 
which  are  conceded  to  be  mines  of  great  value, 
the  owners  are  perhaps  justified  in  refusing  what 
might  be  considered  a  big  price  for  a  prospect. 


List  of  U.  S.  Patents  for  Pacific  Coast 
iDventors. 

Reported  b?  Dewey  &:  Oo.,  Plonepr  Patent 
Solicitors  for  Pacific  Coast. 

for  week  ending  june  10,  1890. 

429,877.— Tension  Device  for  Belts— a.  G. 
Anderson,  Oikland,  Cal. 

429,841.— Musical  Notation— C.  C.  Kropp. 
S.  F. 

429,844  —Pipe— J.  P.  Culver,  Los  Angeles,  Cal. 

429,900.  — STEAM.GKNERArOR--L.  E.  Fish,  Los 
Angeles,  Cal. 

429,616.— Grain  Separator— W.  L.  Gilson, 
McMinnville,  Or, 

429, 72:^. -Shafting  Hanger— M.  D.  Hemen- 
way,  S.  F. 

429,917. —  Header-Brake —  Hinchliflf  &  Hall, 
Spangle,  W.ish. 

429,857.— Ore-Feeder  — Loftus  &  Bioth,  S   F. 

430,036.  — Calendar— Y.  P^pz  Alameda,  Cal. 

429,869.— Cable  Railway  Switch— H.  Sawyer, 
S.  F. 

429823. — Amalgamator  —  C,  W,  Tremain, 
Portland,  Or. 

429  826,— Aging  Wines— L.  Wagoner,  S,  F. 

430.^49,— Oke-Crusher—G,  W.  Weller,  Baker 
City,  Or. 

43o,o';o.— Wagon-Brake- N,  A.  Wheeler,  Al- 
powa.  Wash. 

19,891. — Design— L.  N.  Beauchemin,  Tacoma, 
Wash. 

Tne  following:  brief  list  by  telegraph  for  June  17,  will 
appear  mere  complete  on  receipt  ot  mail  advices: 

California- William  P.  Young  and  C,  D.  Middhkaupp, 
S.  F,,  vapor  sad-irou;  Charles  Trafton,  Yankee  Jims. 
Kold-9avio^'  device;  TneoJoro  A.  Wheeler,  assif,'QOr  of 
half  inturc-t  to  W.  F.  Wright.  San  Joae,  carriage  axe- 
nut;  Thoniis  Williamson,  Cullegoville,  tread  for  wh-^els; 
John  B  Solin.  Freeno  City,  wasiiing  machine;  D  Schuy- 
ler, San  liiego,  music-leaf  turner;  William  T  Y. 
Schenck,  S.  F,,  fire-hydrant;  Delia  McGreyory,  Los  An- 
geles, m\chiotj  for  makiiE  butter;  Jjha  Ma^on,  Peta- 
luma,  gate;  Le.vdiiA  Mickinzie,  S.  F.,  crih;  Jacob  G. 
KoLiyon,  Port  Kenyon,  veliicle-bxle;  Giorgc  Gri?el  and 
F.  Servio,  assigDOre  f>r  a  third  interest  to  J  I).  Ca-e.  S 
F  ,  in^tcli-making  nnchine;  Tiimont  W.  E^tes,  Saura- 
men:o,  sptke-making  machine;  Charlea  H  Ensign,  Tern- 
escal,  an  J  P.  B  Wright,  Beikeley,  packing  for  BtuHlag- 
boxes;  John  WieBeuhu^.b,  assignee  of  the  Electri:: 
Vapor  E  gine  Co.,  S.  F.,  siogle-actiog  explosive 
engine;  same,  double-acting  explosive  engine;  same, 
cut-off  for  onipauud  engines;  Geosef  A.  Cavalll,  as- 
signor of  half  interest  to  C.  N.  Kiikbrldc  and  R.  II. 
Jary,  San  Mateo,  key-hol'!  guard;  Cu  len  B  B  ngnam, 
Volcano,  cru'hiug-mill;  Mora  M.  Birrett  and  J  F.  Daly, 
S.  F-,  two  patents  for  gas  engines  and  one  far  gasoline 
engine. 

Note. —Copies  of  U.  S.  and  Foreign  patents  furnished 
by  Dewey  &  Co.,  in  the  shortest  time  possible  {by  mail 
or  tele.raphic  order).  Ameriran  and  For^'ign  patents 
obtained,  aod  general  patent  busliipss  for  Pacitic  Coist 
inventors  transacted  withperf-ct  security,  at  reasonable 
rates,  and  in  the  shortest  possible  time. 


to  introduce  purified  air  nto  the  caak  in  a  alow 
and  regular  manner,  and  bo  gradually  that  the 
oxygen  may  only  react  upon  the  auids  to  the 
wioe,  and  not  be  present  in  entii^ieot  qaantity 
to  unduly  permit  the  said  reaotioo  or  to  excite 
the  latent  germs  if  they  be  preaect. 

PifHS  -John  P.  Culver,  Lna  Aogelea.  No. 
429.844.  DUcd  June  10,  1890.  Thia  inven- 
tioo  relates  to  the  class  of  pipes  which  are  spe- 
cially adapted  for  water,  gaa  and  drain  pipea, 
arid  also  for  use  as  conduits  fnr  laying  electric 
wires  Qodergroand,  and  it  eepeoially  relates  to 
that  class  of  pipes  which  are  formed  of  a 
volute  of  sheet  metal  covered  with  and  rolled 
up  in  asphaltum.  The  improved  pipe  consists 
ot  a  volute  of  sheet  metal  oovered  with  and 
rolled  up  in  asphaltam,  and  its  exterior  bound 
with  wire  wrapped  aide  by  side  several  laps 
arcnnd  at  places  desired,  said  laps  being  sold- 
ered together. 

Automatic  Switch  kur  Cable  Railways.— 
Houghton  8  vwyer,  8.  F.  No.  429.869.  Dited 
June  10.  1890.  Thia  invention  relates  gener- 
ally to  the  class  of  cable  railways,  and  eape- 
cially  to  those  switch  meohanlams  which  are  de- 
signed to  be  operated  automaticiUy  by  the 
paasing  car.  The  invention  oonsieta  in  the 
ncval  oonstrnction  and  arrangement  of  the 
switch-operating  levers.  The  general  object  of 
the  invention  is  to  effect  an  economy  in  the 
operation  of  the  road  by  dispensing  with  the 
services  of  a  switohman,  effecting  this  result  by 
a  mechanism  adapted  to  be  operated  automatic* 
ally  by  the  grip-shank  of  a  passing  oar.  The 
particular  objaot  is  to  provide  a  simple,  effect- 
ivf,  aatomatic  switch  mechanism  of  that  olaes 
in  which  one  or  more  levers  are  pivoted  within 
the  tube  or  tunnel  of  the  railway,  said  levers 
being  connected  with  the  throw  rail  of  the 
switch  and  adapted  to  be  operated  by  the  pass- 
ing grip. 

Ore  Feeder  —Eiward  0.  Loftus  and  Edgar 
H.  Booth,  S.  F.  No.  429.857.  Dited  June  10, 
1890.  The  invention  relates  to  that  class  of 
ore-feeders  in  which  the  ore  it  delivered  by  a 
suitable  hopper  upon  a  rotating  cylinder,  by 
which  it  is  discharged  into  the  mortar  of  the 
battery,  the  motion  of  said  cylinder  being  de- 
rived from  and  regulated  by  the  drop  of  the 
stamps.  The  invention  consists  in  the  novel 
constraction  of  the  feed-cylinder  or  roller,  and 
in  the  meohanism  by  which  it  is  operated.  The 
peripheral  surface  of  the  oyllnder  isoorrngated. 
The  peculiarity  in  the  roller  rests  in  the  in- 
clined or  spiral  direction  of  the  corruga- 
tions. This  spiral  or  inclined  oorrngated 
surface  is  positive  in  its  feed  of  wet  or  sticky 
ore.  By  having  the  corrugation  inclined  or 
spirally  arranged,  the  ore  is  dropped  oat  grad- 
ually by  each  depression  as  the  cylinder  reaches 
a  certain  point,  and  is  continuonsly  and  evenly 
distributed. 

Calendar, — Yndalecio  Paez,  Alameda.  No. 
430,036.  Dited  Jane  10,  1890.  This  inven- 
tion relates  to  that  class  of  calendars  in  which 
a  nnmber  of  independent  disks  or  plates  are 
mounted  within  a  suitable  caaing  or  shell  hav- 
ing a  sight  aperture,  said  disks  or  platea  being 
adapted  to  have  a  rotary  motion  imparted  to 
them,  and  having  upon  their  faces  characters 
giving  the  neceseary  information  of  a  calendar, 
and  the  invention  consists  in  a  series  of  novel 
dieka  or  pUtes  and  the  meohanism  for  moving 
them,  whereby  their  characters  are  successively 
and  properly  brought  into  line  with  the  sight 
aperture.  The  object  is  to  provide  a  simple 
and  portable  calendar  adapted  to  be  readily  op- 
erated. 

Wave-Force  Pump. — Gaorge  F.  Day  and 
Ernest  H-  Cole,  S.  F.  No.  429  231.  Dated 
Jane  3,  1890.  This  is  a  device  which  is  called 
a  wave*foroe  pump,  and  it  consists  of  an  open- 
mouthed  cone  or  chamber  decreasing  in  area 
from  the  mouth  toward  the  rear  end  and  hav- 
ing its  month  presented  to  receive  the  waves, 
and  in  connection  therewith  of  a  conducting 
pipe  with  check  valves,  A  permanent  pier 
may  be  employed  having  one  or  a  series  of  fun- 
nel-shaped chambers  so  placed  that  the  force  of 
the  waves  running  rnthing  into  the  diminlafa- 
ing-chambers  will  produce  euch  an  acceleration 
of  speed  and  momentum  that  it  will  force  a 
body  of  water  through  pipes  to  a  considerable 
hight. 

Fruit  Pitting  Machine.— Chas.  W,  Elklnp, 
Palermo,  and  Wm.  0.  Foreman  and  Stanton 
F  ireman,  Bidwell's  B \r,  Bitte  county.  No. 
429,209.  Dited  Jane  3,  1890.  This  is  one  of 
that  class  of  fruit-pitting  machines  in  which 
the  frnit  is  caught  between  and  cut  by  oppos- 
iog  reciprocating  knives,  the  cut  fruit  being 
diecharged  automatically  by  a  swinging  or 
tilting  bad.  The  object  is  to  provide  a  simple 
and  (£f;:otive  machine  for  stoning  fruit  which 
does  not  require  any  manipulation  of  the  fruit, 
the  latter  being  fed  to  the  knives  automatically, 
out  in  halves  and  the  pit  and  halved  fruit  dis- 
charged aeparately  and  automatically,  the 
whole  operation  being  performed  by  a  single 
crank  movement. 

Don't  Fail  to  Write. 

Should  this  paper  be  received  by  any  subacrlber  who 
does  not  want  ft,  or  beyond  the  time  he  intends  to  pay 
for  it,  let  him  not  fail  to  write  us  direct  to  stop  it  A 
postal  card  (costing  one  cent  only)  will  fluffice.  We  will 
not  knowingly  send  the  paper  to  any  one  who  doee  not 
wish  it,  but  II  it  is  continued,  through  the  failure  of  the 
aubsoiiber  to  notify  qb  to  dlscootloue  it,  or  some  Irre- 
sponsible party  requested  to  atoD  Ifa,  we  shAll  poelMveW 
demand  payment  for  the  time  It  is  sent.     I>00E  oarbfullt 

The  object  of  this  Invention  is   at  thb  Iiabkl on  your  fap be. 


Notices  of  Recent  Patents. 

Among  the  patents  recently  obtained  through 
Dewey  &  Co.'s  Scientific  Peess  U.  S.  and 
Foreign  Patent  Agency,  the  following  are 
worthy  of  special  mention: 

Apparatus  for  Aging  Wines. — Lather 
Wagoner,  S.  F.  No.  429,826.  Dated  June  10, 
1890.  This  invention  relates  to  the  artificial 
aging  of  wines  and  distilled  alcoholic  liqaore; 
and  it  consists  in  a  means  for  gradually  supply- 
ing a  small  quantity  of  air,  which  is  caused  to 
flow  continuously  and  steadily  into  the  Hquor 
to  be  treated,  and  in  a  means  for  filtering  said 
air  before  it  is  introduced  into  the  liquor. 
Wines  are  at  present  aged  by  slow  absorption 
of  the  oxygen  of  the  air  through  the  pores  of 
the  wood  of  which  the  cask  is  made,  about  15 
to  20  per  cent,  by  volume,  of  air  being  required 
to  age  the  wine  in  from  four  to  five  years. 
Should  the  air  be  introduced  into  the  liquor 
too  rapidly  or  directly,  the  process  may  be  en- 
-1  angered  by  giving  the  wine  an  undesirable 
flivor,  and  also  by  exciting  a  new  fermentation 
either  by  the  introduc!;lon  of  germs  to  the  wine, 
or  if  the  germs  are  already  in  the  wine,  in  sup- 
plying oxygen  in  suffiaient  quantities  to  produce 
their  growth.    "' 


4ie 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[June  21,  1890 


II2echa]nji@al  Progress. 

Improvements    ia    Pipe    Making 
Processes. 

The  manufacture  of  pipe  for  conveying 
water,  gas,  oil,  Bteam,  heated  air,  etc.,  has 
beoome  an  immense  and  constantly  increasing 
indaetry,  and  has  consequently  engrossed  a 
large  share  of  the  inventive  genius  of  the  me- 
chanical world  during  the  last  few  yeara. 
Two  very  novel  and  bold  procpsaes  have  been 
quite  recently  solved — one  in  Europe  and  the 
i/Cher  in  this  country.  The  European  (Ger- 
man) invention,  known  as  "  Manneamann's 
Pipe  Molding  P/ooeaa  "  was  recently  described 
in  a  lecture  delivered  before  the  Berlin  section 
of  the  German  Engineers'  Aasociation  by  Prof. 
Rmleaux.  The  lively  interest  excited  in  the 
knvention  was  proved  by  the  large  number  of 
persons  present,  among  whom  were  many 
prominent  Govurnment  officials.  The  new 
process,  it  was  atated  is  of  national  impor- 
anoe,  and  is  calculated  to  bring  about 

A  Complete   Revolution  In  Various 
Branches  of  Industry. 

In  the  course  of  a  few  seconds  a  maaalve 
block  of  metal  is  trauaformed  into  a  pipe  by 
the  compressive  action  of  rollers  working  from 
without,  no  mandril  to  work  inside  being  re 
quired.  This  sounds  somewhat  of  a  technical 
paradox,  and  although  it  has  for  yeara  been 
carried  oat  praotlcilly,  it  is  a  problem  that 
permanently  excites  the  highest  acientific  in- 
terest. Thu  Mannesmann  process  ia  adapted 
to  the  moat  varied  kinds  of  metals,  even  to 
the  hardest  steel.  The  pipes  or  tubes  can  be 
made  large  or  small,  thick  or  thin,  both  sidas 
Or  one  aide  open  or  closed,  and  hollow  bearers 
can  be  formed  with  right-angled  cross  sections. 
No  boring,  seam,  brazing  or  welding  ia  re* 
quired. 

The  Proceaa. 

When  a  cylindrical  body  of  soft  metal  or 
of  glowing  iron  or  steel  is  pressed  between 
two  rollers  revolving  in  the  same  direc- 
tion, it,  naturally,  ia  moved  in  the  oppo- 
site dirtotion  to  that  of  the  rollers,  and  ia 
drawn  as  long  as  the  presaure  of  the  rollers 
continues  to  operate.  Should  the  roUera  be 
fixed  in  an  obi  qie  poiition  ahould  their  axes 
nob  be  parallel,  but  at  an  angle  to  the  body, 
not  only  is  a  presaure  then  exerciaed,  but  also 
A  lateral  pushing  action.  In  such  a  case,  pro- 
viding the  power  and  speed  of  the  mechanism 
is  great  enongh,  the  cohesive  reaistanoe  is  over- 
oomp,  and  a  rather  remarkable,  though  quite 
nataril,  occurrence  takes  place.  The  outer 
parts  of  the  bodies  are  driven  forward,  while 
the  inner  parts  remain  behind,  or,  to  make 
uae  of  an  expreaaion  employed  by  Pref.  Reu- 
leaax,  the  metal  block  ia  fltyed.  It  is  assumed 
there  is  a  resistance  to  the  pushing  action. 
This  resistance  may  arise  from  the  block  being 
thicker  than  the  space  between  the  rollers,  or 
from  a  mandril  being  pressed  against  the  block, 
the  latter  then  being  driven  round  the  former. 
In  the  absence  of  the  resistance  no  tube  is 
formed,  but  it  ia  possible  to  form  from  a  single 
piece  a  hollow  body  closed  all  rounr',  without 
joint  or  seam — a  problem  which  until  recently 
was  regarded  as  insoluble.  It  is  only  nec- 
eaaary  that  at  the  beginning  and  end  of  the 
block  a  piece  ahould  be  thin  enongh  to  pass 
through  the  rollers  without  undergoing  press- 
ure, la  that  way  perfectly  oloaed  tubes  are 
formed,  the  inside  of  which  is  inaccessible. 
Sacti  tubes  have  been  cut  open  to  ascertain 
how  the  inside  looked.  It  was  anticipated 
that  a  vacuum  would  exist,  but  erroneously. 
The  hollow  contains  hydrcgen  gas,  a  slight 
volume  of  nitrogen  and  some  inconsiderable 
mixtures  of  other  gases.  Hydrogen  is  thus 
contained  in  steel,  and  it  develops  in  a  vacuum 
or  under  the  circumstances  here  given. 

The  Production  of  the  Power 
Necessary  for  the  process  is  highly  interesting, 
To  acoomplish  a  transformation  of  the  character 
indicated  in  the  apace  of  about  30  seconds,  ma- 
chinery of  tbousanda  of  horse-power  ia  neces- 
sary. The  force  ia,  however,  only  required  for 
30  aeconds.  The  required  powr  is,  ao  to 
Bpeak,  stored  up  in  an  enormous  fly-wheel,  the 
revolutions  of  which  are  performed  with  extra* 
ordinary  rapidity.  An  ordinary  fiy-wheel 
would  not  do,  because  it  would  fiy  to  pieces 
after  having  paseed  a  certain  moderate  velocity. 
Messrs.  Mannesmann  therefore  conatructed  a 
special  fly-wheel,  the  circumferential  surface  of 
which  ia  overlaid  with  cast  steel  wire.  This 
fly-wheel  can  be  driven  with  such  rapidity,  and 
without  risk,  that  a  force  of  thousands  of  horse* 
power  is  prodnced.  The  proceaa  has  been  de- 
veloped quietly  and  unostentatiously.  The  in- 
comparable firmness  of  the  tubes  and  pipes  ob- 
tained by  the  peculiar  spiral  arrangement  of 
the  metal  fiber,  through  which  it  is  poaaible  to 
roll  several  metals  into  one  another,  and  the 
possibility  of  rolling  the  pipes  in  all  conceivable 
form?,  aasures  to  the  process  a  brilliant  future. 
Anong  the  articles  to  which  the  proceaa  can  be 
a^jplied  may  be  mentioned  pipes  for  gas,  water 
and  compressed  air  {it  ia  poeaibte  to  make  the 
laat  named  up  to  a  preasure  of  50  atmoapheree), 
boiler  tubas,  heating  pipes,  copper  telegraph 
wire  with  steel  core,  shafts,  railway  axles  and 
sleepers,  carriage  and  velocipede  parts,  iron 
girder?,  bridfi[e  and  pontoon  parts,  material  for 
shipbuilders,  lances,  gun-barrels,  gun-caaee, 
cannon  bores,  grenades,  and  many  other  articles 
too  numerous  to  mention;  quite  a  number  of 
the  artiolea  named  have  already  been  made  and 


are  in  use.  The  invention  is  a  pn'-ely  German 
one.  The  above  is  taken  from  Kuhlow's  of  a 
recent  date. 

The  American  Process. 

The  Boston  Herald  describes  a  process  as  fol- 
lowp,  which,  if  not  the  same,  is  evidently  qaite 
similar  to  that  attracting  so  much  attention  in 
Germany  :  Some  three  years  v  oSq  gentleman 
of  this  city  began  the  study  of  improvement  in 
the  art  of  making  tubev,  and  invented  several 
maohinea  and  appliances  for  casting  hollow  in- 
gots and  tubular  straoturea,  and  for  rolling  and 
hammering  theae,  bo  as  to  lengthen  and  thin  the 
walls,  thereby  foiming  seamless  tnbea  of  great 
symmetry  and  strength  by  methods  that  were 
entirely  different  from  any  before  attempted. 
Several  thousand  dollars  were  expended  in  ex- 
periments and  for  building  machinery,  which, 
by  great  persistence  and  by  the  aid  of  skillful 
mechanicp,  terminated  with  successful  and 
gratifying  results. 

Still  Another  Method 
Which,  with  the  one  just  described,  has  already 
been  riferred  to  in  theae  columnp,  is  also  de- 
scribed in  the  Herald  as  follows :  '*  But  when 
theae  machines  were  perfected  and  floishpd,  an- 
other cheaper  and  altogether  more  efficient 
method  of  forming  tubes  was  conceived  by  the 
inventor,  who,  after  thinking  the  matter  over 
for  a  number  of  months,  resolved  on  bnilding 
other  machinery  and  of  making  experiments  in 
a  hitherto  unheard  of  and  unthought  of  direc- 
tion. 

*'The  boldness  of  his  plana  may  be  somewhat 
appreciated  when  it  ia  stated  that  they  con- 
sisted of  rolling  a  tube,  directly  from  etee), 
iron,  braaa,  or  other  metal,  in  a  molten  or  flnio 
condition.  The  undertaking  was  ridiculed  by 
all  mechanica  to  whom  the  aubject  was 
broached,  and  waa  conaidered  aa  wild  a  scheme 
as  any  that  ever  had  been  heard  of.  But  the' 
man  gradually  perfected  and  systematized  his 
designs  until  drawings  were  made  which  were 
deemed  satisfactory,  although  still  somewhat 
crude  in  detail.  The  machines  were  built  and 
fully  tested,  and  it  has  been  demonstrated  that 
what  waa  conaidered  a  downright  imposalbility 
is  as  simple  and  practicable  in  performance  as 
the  commonest  of  mechanical  undertakings." 

The  Economr  of  These  Methods 
Is  tremendous,  inasmuch  aa  it  avoids  and  ren* 
ders  unnecessary  the  entire  labor,  machinery, 
heating,  handling  and  waste  of  material  belong- 
ing to  and  required  in  the  manufacture  of  tubes 
and  pipe  by  the  ordinary  methods,  and  when 
it  is  stated  that  one  concern  made  and  sold 
S13,000,000  worth  of  tubes  at  a  profit  of 
$1,250,000  last  year,  some  idea  of  the  Import- 
acce  and  far-reachiug  results  of  theae  inven- 
tions may  bs  realized.  It  is  claimed  that  the 
tubea  and  pipea  made  by  these  methods  will  be 
superior  in  strength  and  finish  to  those  made 
by  any  other  known  procesp,  the  manipulation 
of  the  metal  being  such  as  to  avoid  blow-holes 
or  porosities  which  are  found  in  steel-manu* 
factured  goods  generally.  They  will  also  be 
symmetrical  and  smooth  inside  and  outside, 
and  can  ba  used  withont  boring  for  many  pur- 
poses where  a  comman  tube  would  not  answer. 
The  Inventor  has  still  other  methods  of  making 
comoound  tubea  by  casting  and  rolling  one 
metal  around  another,  fully  as  practicable  and 
economical,  applicable  to  very  large  diameters, 
and  constituting  with  the  others  a  aeriea  of  in* 
ventions  which  for  originality,  scope  and  valne 
have  rarely  been  equaled.  Machinery  is  now 
being  built  and  the  business  will  be  established 
upon  a  working  baeia  j  uat  as  soon  as  all  arrange* 
menta  can  be  made. 


Boiler  MANUPAcruRERs'  Meeting.  —  The 
thira  mtieting  ul  cno  AmtiriO:in  Bjiler  Manufoct- 
nrers'  Association,  which  will  convene  in  Naw 
York  on  Tuesday,  July  l3t,  promises  to  bd  of 
great  importance.  The  question  which  will  at- 
tract moat  attention  is  ihat  of  forming  a  boiler 
manufacturers'  insurance  company.  The  com- 
mittee appointed  to  consider  the  subject  is  a 
large  and  comprehensive  one,  every  member  of 
which  is  committed  in  favor  of  establishing 
the  company.  The  Committee  on  Materials 
and  Testa  will  make  a  further  report  at  this 
meeting,  which  will  relate  to  the  proportional 
thiokneaa  of  iron  and  steel  to  the  diameter  of 
the  boilers.  The  Committee  on  Manholea  and 
Manheads,  in  which  there  was  a  division  last 
year,  will  complete  itp  report,  aa  will  alno  the 
Committee  on  Safetv  Vilves  and  Horse  Power. 
The  Committee  on  Uniformity  in  State  lospec- 
tion  laws  will  submit  a  form  for  a  law  govern- 
ing the  inspection  of  boilers,  the  adoption  of 
which  will  he  urged  upon  the  different  States. 
It  has  been  arranged  that  any  one  who  desires 
may  take  advantage  of  the  one-third  reduced 
rates  by  procuring  the  regular  printed  receipt 
of  the  railroad  companies  for  the  full  fare 
paid  when  leaving  for  New  York.  Rsduced 
hotel  ratps  have  also  been  arranged.  While 
in  New  York  the  members  of  the  association 
and  their  wives  will  be  the  guests  of  the  mer- 
chants of  that  city,  who  have  been  instrument- 
al in  having  the  meeting  held  there. 


Governors  FOR  Marine  Engines. — One  of 
the  results  of  the  *'Cuy  of  Pins"  accident 
has  been  the  revival  of  interest  in  governors 
for  marine  engines,  and  it  is  to  be  hoped  that 
this  may  lead  to  something  definite.  The 
duty  which  is  a  satlffactory  marine  governor 
must  perform,  is  in  many  ways  so  much  more 
difficult  than  that  which  occurs  in  stationary 
practice  that  it  is  not  surprising  that  no  prac- 
tically satisfactory  solution  of  the  problem  has 
yet  been  made,  and  in  spite  of  the  many  prom- 
ising  attempts  the  field  ia  yet  dpen. 


SeiENTiFie  Procbress. 


Ihe  Acids  of  Fruits. — Gaorge  W.  Jobnaon, 
in  hitt  Chemistry  of  the  Worldy  sayp,  in  des* 
cribiog  the  **  vegetable  food  of  the  world:" 
**  The  grateful  aoid  of  the  rhubarb  leaf  arises 
from  the  malic  add  and  bin-oxalate  of  potash 
which  it  contains;  the  acidity  of  the  lemon, 
orange  and  other  speoiea  of  the  genus  Citrus  ia 
canaed  by  the  abundance  of  citric  acid  which 
their  juioe  contains;  that  of  the  oherry,  plum, 
apple  and  pear,  irom  the  malio  acid  In  their 
pulp;  that  of  gooseberriea  and  currants,  black, 
red  and  white,  from  a  mixture  of  malic  and  cit- 
ric acida;  that  of  the  grape  from  a  mixture  of 
malio  and  tartaric  acids;  that  of  the  mango 
from  citric  acid  and  a  very  fugitive  essential 
oil;  that  of  the  tamarind  from  a  m'xture  of  cit- 
ric, malio  and  tartaric  aolda;  the  flivor  of  as- 
paragua  from  aepartio  aoid,  found  also  in  the 
root  of  the  marshmallow,  and  that  of  the  oa> 
oumber  from  a  peculiar  poisonous  ingredient 
called  fungin,  which  is  found  in  all  fungi,  and 
is  the  cause  of  the  cucumber  being  offensive  to 
some  stomachs.  It  will  be  observed  that  rhu- 
barb ia  the  only  fruit  which  contains  bin-oxa- 
late of  potaah  in  conjunction  with  an  acid.  It 
is  this  ingredient  which  renders  this  fruit  so 
wholesome  at  the  early  commencement  of  the 
summer,  and  this  is  one  of  the  wise  provisions 
of  nature  for  supplying  a  blood-purifier  at  a 
time  when  it  is  likely  to  be  most  needed. 
Bset-root  owes  its  nutricioua  quality  to  about 
nine  per  cent  of  sugar  which  it  contains,  and 
its  fi  tvor  to  a  peculiar  substance  containing 
nitrogen  mixed  with  peotic  acid.  The  oarrot 
owes  its  fattening  powers  also  to  the  sugar, 
and  its  flavor  to  a  peculiar  fatty  oil;  the  horse- 
radish derives  its  fi.avor  and  blistering  power 
from  a  volatile  eorid  oil.  The  Jerusalem  arti- 
choke contains  14^  per  cent  of  sugar  and  three 
per  cent  of  inulln  («  variety  of  starch),  besides 
gum  and  a  peculiar  substance  to  whicn  its  ^t- 
vor  is  owing,  and  lastly,  garlic  and  the  rest  of 
the  onion  family,  derive  their  peculiar  odor 
from  a  yellowish,  volatile,  acrid  oil;  but  they 
are  nubrioious  from  containing  nearly  half  their 
weight  of  gummy  and  glutinous  substances  not 
yet  clearly  defined." 


Improved  Phonographs  — Two  of  the  prin- 
cipal ubjoOLLouB  tnac  bavti  been  urged  against 
the  phonograph  and  other  talking  instruments 
with  which  the  public  have  beoome  tolerably 
familiar  are  the  metallic  quality  of  the  voice 
reproduced  and  the  necesBity  of  using  bearing 
tabes,  arising  from  the  poor  volume  of  the  re- 
production. Lieut.  Bettini  claims  that  in  his 
micrographophone,  as  he  calls  it,  these  difficul- 
ties have  now  been  overcome  by  the  employ- 
ment of  several  independent  diaphragms  In- 
stead of  the  one  diaphragm  of  the  usual  instru- 
ment. It  ia  aaid  that  the  reproduction  of  the 
human  voice  is  singularly  clear  and  free  from 
any  harshness  or  metallic  sound.  By  the  use 
of  a  non-metallic  trumpet  the  tones  are  still 
further  softened.  In  reproducing  music  the 
notes  of  different  pitch  come  out  with  a  singu- 
lar distinctness,  and  what  ia  a  crucial  teat,  the 
timbre  of  the  voice  is  admirably  preserved. 
Tne  cbaracteristice  of  the  record  are  relative 
loudness  and  absolute  distinctness.  Kven  a 
whisper  is  whispered  back  from  the  diaphragm 
very  clearly.  Another  novel  improvement  in 
the  phonograph  is  one  which  has  for  its  prima* 
ry  feature  the  transmission  of  sound  by  the  vi- 
bration of  glass.  From  a  glass  diaphragm  ex- 
tend a  number  of  glass  tubes  of  various  sizes 
communicating  with  an  ordinary  wire.  Very 
clear  and  distinct  utterance  has  been  found  to 
result  on  trials  over  a  line  three  miles  long. 


Transmutation  of  Cotton  Seed  —  Was 
there  bVoi,  siys  the  Bankers'  Monthly,  suob  a 
history  as  that  of  the  cottou'seed?  For  70 
years  despised  as  a  nuisance  and  burned  or 
dumped  as  garbage,  then  discovered  to  be  the 
very  food  for  which  the  soil  waa  hungering,  and 
reluctantly  admitted  to  the  rank  of  utUitiea; 
ahortly  afterward  found  to  be  nutriuoua  food 
for  beaata  as  well  aa  for  soil,  and  thereupon 
treated  with  something  like  rospeot;  once  ad- 
mitted to  the  circle  of  farm  indnatriep,  it  was 
found  to  hold  35  gallons  nf  pure  oil  to  the  ton, 
worth  in  its  crude  state  $14  to  the  ton,  or  $40,- 
000,000  for  the  whole  crop  of  seed.  But  then 
a  system  was  devised  for  refining  the  oil  up  to 
a  value  of  §1  a  gallon,  and  ihe  frugal  Italians 
placed  a  cabk  of  it  at  the  roots  of  every  olive 
tree,  and  then  defied  the  Bureau  breath  of  the 
Alps,  and  then  experience  showed  that  the  ton 
of  cotton-seed  was  a  better  fertilizer  and  better 
for  stock  when  robbed  of  its  35  gallons  of  oil 
than  before,  and  that  the  hulls  of  the  seed 
made  the  best  of  fuel  for  feeding  the  oil-mill 
engine,  and  that  the  ashea  of  the  hulls  scooped 
from  the  engine's  draught  had  the  highest  com- 
mercial valne  as  potash,  and  that  the  "refuse  " 
of  the  whole  made  the  best  and  parest  soap 
stock  to  carry  to  the  toilet  the  perfumes  of 
Lnbin  and  Colgate.  Verily,  here  the  touch  of 
the  wand  of  science  has  been  little  short  of 
magical. 

How  Differently  We  Look  at  Thinos.— 
You  and  I  soe  every  tning,  to  some  extent,  dif- 
ferently. You  aee  things  from  the  standpoint 
of  your  previously  acquired  ideas;  I  from  mine. 
Scriotly,  no  two  persons  can  see  the  same  thing 
in  the  same  wav,  for  it  can  never  happen  that 
two  persons  have  precisely  the  same  groups  of 
ideas  relating  to  any  subject.  These  depend 
on  our  past  experience,  on  our  education,  on 
the  beliefs  of  our  times,  on  our  varioaa  seots  or 


parties,  on  our  pet  theories,  our  interests,  and 
our  deaires.  Here  is  a  simple  illustration: 
Suppose  an  artiat  and  an  engineer  standing  side 
by  side  overlooking  a  tract  of  country.  What 
they  perceive  ia  the  same;  what  they  apperceive 
ia  wholly  diffarent.  To  the  engineer,  the  country 
presents  itself  as  a  possible  line  for  a  railroad, 
with  here  advantageons  grades,  and  there  eco- 
nomic bridges.  Before  the  artist  la  spread  out 
a  landscape,  with  light  and  shade  and  harmony 
of  oolors.  Suppose,  again,  a  plot  of  level 
ground  In  the  suburbs  of  a  oity.  A  college 
student,  riding  by,  apperoeives  it  as  a  possible 
ball-ground;  a  young  girl,  as  a  tennia  court;  a 
speculator,  as  an  addition  for  town  lots;  an 
undertaker,  perhaps,  as  a  poaaible  site  for  a 
cemetery. — Popular  Science  Monthly, 

Success  a  Matter  of  Character. — It  is  a 
great  mistake  to  suppose  that  the  best  work  of 
the  world  ia  done  by  people  of  great  strength 
and  great  opportunities.  It  is  unquestionably 
an  advantage  to  have  both  theae  thinga,  but 
neither  of  them,  quoting  from  the  Manufact- 
urer and  Builder,  ia  a  necessity  to  the  man 
who  has  the  spirit  and  the  pluck  to  achieve 
great  results.  Some  of  the  greatest  work  of 
our  time  ban  been  done  by  men  of  physical 
feebleness.  No  man  has  left  a  more  distinct 
impressinn  of  himself  on  this  generation  than 
Charles  Darwin,  and  there  have  been  few  men 
who  have  had  to  struggle  against  such  prostrat- 
ing ill  health.  Darwin  was  rarely  able  to  work 
long  at  a  time,  He  accomplished  his  great 
work  by  having  a  single  aim,  and  putting  every 
ounce  of  bis  force  and  every  hour  of  his  time 
into  the  task  which  he  had  set  before  him.  He 
never  scattered  his  energy,  he  never  wasted  an 
hour,  and  by  steadily  keeping  at  it,  in  apite  of 
continual  ill  health  and  of  long  intervals  of 
aemi  invalidism,  he  did  a  great  work,  and  has 
left  the  impression  upon  the  world  of  a  man  of 
extraordinary  energy  and  working  capacity. 
Success  is  rarely  a  matter  of  accident;  always 
a  matter  of  character.  The  reason  why  so 
many  men  fail  is  that  ao  few  men  are  willing  to 
pay  the  price  of  aelf-denial  and  hard  work 
which  success  exacts. 


Power  of  Water. — The  power  of  water  to 
diasulve  lead  in  leaden  pipes  is  at  preaent  at- 
tracting mach  attention.  In  Great  Britain  the 
lead  pipes  for  conveying  water-supplies  are  ap- 
parently becoming  a  serioua  aource  of  lead- 
poisoning.  A  new  source  of  the  power  of  water 
to  dispolve  lead  in  likely  to  be  ascertained.  The 
British  Medical  Journal  says:  "The  fact  that 
in  recent  yeara  the  water  supplied  to  many 
towns  has  for  some  reason  come  to  possess  the 
power  of  dissolving  lead  to  an  extent  sufficient 
to  produce  widespread  prevalence  of  lead- 
poisoning  among  consumers  is  a  serious 
matter.  Dr.  Klrker  found  that  the  power  of 
certain  aamples  of  water  to  dissolve  lead  was 
directly  proportional  to  the  number  of  micro- 
f^rganisms  which  they  respectively  contained. 
Upon  this  hypothesis,  the  acid  reaction  which 
renders  water  capable  of  dissolving  lead  may 
be  duf,  not  to  sulphuric  acid  derived  from  a 
pyritoua  soil,  but  to  the  chemical  products  of 
bacteria."  if  this,  aa  well  aa  other  theories 
regarding  the  action  of  water  in  dissolving  lead, 
be  eatabliahed  as  true,  some  substitute  for 
leaden  water-pipea  will  be  In  or'fer. 


How  Far  We  Can  See. — There  has  been  a 
greau  uiscussion  going  on  in  Earope  concerning 
the  distance  at  which  large  objects  on  the 
earth's  surface  are  visible.  Emile  Metzger 
mentions  that  he  once  saw  Keizarspickt,  in 
Sumatra,  when  separated  from  ic  by  a  distance 
of  no  Eagliab  milea;  he  also  saya  that  on  very 
favorable  ocfasiona  he  has  made  out  to  see  Gny 
Merapi,  in  Jiva,  when  ISO  milea  intervened. 
E.Hill,  the  civil  engineer,  says  that  be  has 
been  Mont  Blanc  from  F,z  Muraun,  near  Dis- 
sentis,  a  distance  of  almost  120  miles.  J  Star- 
kie  Gardner  states  that  Mont  Btanc  ia  vlaible 
from  Piz  Landgard,  though  diatant  about  three 
degrees.  Waymper,  the  explorer,  says  that 
when  he  waa  in  Greenland  he  could  plainly  aee 
a  mountain  peati  from  which  he  was  separated 
by  150  miles.  The  whole  range  of  the  Swiaa 
Alps  have  baen  looked  upon  by  J.  Hipnialy 
while  200  milea  away;  Sir  W.  Jonea  affirma 
that  the  Himalayas  have  appeared  to  his  view 
from  the  great  distance  of  224  milea  I 

Scales  That  Will  Weigh  a  Hair. — The 
fine  gold  weigUing  acdies  maae  in  Fniiadelphia 
and  intended  for  the  mint  at  New  Orleans,  a 
few  years  ago,  are  marvels  of  mechanical  in- 
vention and  expert  workmanship.  The  larger 
of  the  two  pairs  has  a  capacity  of  10,000  ounces 
troy,  or  about  686  pounds  avoirdupois,  and 
when  loaded  to  its  full  weighing  capacity  will 
indicate  the  variation  of  the  one-thonsandth  of 
an  ounce.  The  other  and  smaller  pair  is  in- 
tended for  lighter  work.  All  its  bearings  are 
of  the  finest  agate  which  have  been  ground 
with  remarkable  precision.  Thia  instrnment  is 
believed  to  be  the  most  delicate  In  the  world. 
It  will  give  the  precise  weight  of  a  human  hair, 
and  is  susceptible  to  the  slightest  atmospheric 
changes, 

Man  is  the  only  animal  that  has  teeth — in- 
cisors, canines  and  molara — of  an  fqual  height. 
Man,  the  ape  and  nearly  all  ruminanta,  have 
32  teeth.  The  hog.  however,  is  better  off  than 
this,  and  has  44,  So  have  the  opoaaum  and 
mole.  The  river  dolphin  of  South  America  lays 
far  beyond  this,  however,  having  no  less  than 
222  teeth.  Teeth  are  not  part  of  the  skeleton, 
but  belong  to  the  appendages,  like  skin  and 
hair. 


June  21,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


4lt 


Good  H^lth, 


Tha  Rational  Use  of  Medicine. 

Nothiog  Indioatea  more  olesrly  the  modero 
progreBB  of  medicine  than  the  diaappearaDoe  of 
the  balby  and  disagreeable  boluaeB,  powderr, 
draoghtB  and  mixturea  whioh  the  physioiana  oi 
former  timea  admlDiaterFd  to  their  patient*,  in 
many  casea  with  but  little  effect  except  to  pat 
ao  additional  burden  upon  an  already  wearied 
and  overloaded  stomach.  The  homeopatblo 
phyBioians  have  at  least  shown  that  exoessive 
tnedication  is  anneceseary,  and  that  no  medi- 
cation at  all  will  resalt  in  an  eqoal  number  of 
cares  In  a  great  majority  of  oaeee,  while  the 
present  tendency  of  all  Bcboola  of  medicine  is 
to  limit  their  prescrlptionB,  both  in  number  and 
quantity^  and  place  more  reliance  upon  bygi- 
tonio  and  sanitary  preoautions,  combined  with 
watchful  and  experienced  narsing  and  care. 
The  philosophy  of  preacribiofif  what  are  popu> 
tarly  known  as  "medicinea"  is  realty  a  very 
simple  matter.  It  Is  a  well  known  fact  that 
certain  substanceB,  when  taken  into  the  Byetem, 
produce  certain  physiological  effeotB.  Thoa, 
opium  and  its  alkaloids  produce  eleep,  ipecac 
caaaes  vomiting,  quinine  is  found  to  have  a  re* 
markable  power  of  controlling  intermittent 
feverp,  and  •o  on  through  the  list.  There  is 
really  no  difference  between  a  medicine  snd  a 
poison,  except  in  the  violence  of  it8actioD;aod, 
in  fact  aome  of  the  most  powerful  poisons  are 
found  to  be  valuable  medicinal  agents  when 
administered  in  minute  doses.  The  scientific 
physician,  therefore,  will  not  attempt  to  "cure" 
a  diseaee  by  any  specific  remedy,  but  will  en- 
deavor to  fully  understand  the  cause  and 
nature  of  the  abnormal  physiological  action 
whioh  is  taking  place  in  the  system  of  bia 
patient.  As  the  action  of  mediciDeB  la  very 
variable  in  different  peraone,  and  under  differ- 
ent conditions  of  the  disease,  the  necessity  of 
Bklllfal  medical  attendance,  and  the  folly  of 
dependiog  upon  the  various  widely*advTtieed 
pitpnt  medicines  la  evident. — Popular   Science 

Elevator  Sickness. 

The  elevator  in  modern  big  buildings  has 
only  one  drawback — the  sickness  it  ciaaea 
when  the  oar  is  suddenly  stopped.  To  people 
of  a  delicate  constitution  this  sickneas  ia  often 
such  a  Berious  matter  that  to  them  the  elevator 
18  a  dangerous  blessing.  This  sicknesF,  aaye  a 
contemporary,  can  be  avoided  by  obaerving 
simple  physical  laws.  Elevator  sickneaa  is 
caased  by  the  eame  law  that  throws  a  person  to 
the  ground  when  be  gets  off  a  moving  car  in  the 
wrong  way.  The  stoppage  of  the  elevator  car 
bringa  a  dizziness  to  the  head  and  sometimes  a 
nausea  at  the  stomach.  The  internal  organs 
seem  to  want  to  rise  into  the  throat.  All  this 
comes  from  the  fact  that  all  parts  of  the  body 
are  not  stopped  at  the  same  moment  of  time. 
The  feet  being  next  to  the  car  floor  atop  with 
the  car,  while  other  portions  of  the  body  con* 
tinue  moving.  If  the  body  aa  a  whole  can  be 
arrested  at  the  aame  time  with  the  feet  there 
will  be  no  sickneBB.  This  can  be  done  by  plac* 
ing  the  head  and  sboulders  against  the  car 
frame.  Then  there  will  be  no  sicknesB.  It  1b  a 
sure  preventtv. 

The  Human  Breath  a  Foison. — At  a  recent 
meeting  of  the  Academie  dea  Scienoep,  Prof, 
BrownSfquard  referred  to  some  expenments 
he  had  conducted  with  a  view  to  determine 
what,  if  any,  were  the  toxic  effects  of  the  hu- 
man breath.  In  condensing  the  watery  vapor 
coming  from  the  human  lungs,  he  obtained  a 
poisonoas  liquid  capable  of  producing  imme- 
diate death.  This  poison  is  an  alkaloid  (or- 
ganic), and  not  a  microbe,  orseriea  of  microliep, 
aa  might  have  been  imagined.  He  injected  this 
liquid  under  the  skin  of  a  rabbit,  and  the  effect 
was  speedily  mortal.  The  animal  died  with- 
out convulsions;  the  heart  and  large  vessels 
were  engorged  with  reddish  blood,  contrary  to 
what  is  obseived  after  ordinary  death,  when 
the  quantity  of  blood  is  moderate  and  of  a 
dark  color.  In  conclusion,  this  eminent  physi- 
ologist Bald  that  It  waa  fully  provea  that  re- 
spired air  contained  a  volatile  toxic  principle 
far  more  dangerous  than  the  carbonto  acid, 
which  was  also  one  of  its  constituents,  and  that 
the  human  breath,  aa  well  as  that  of  animals, 
contained  a  highly  poisonous  agent. — Medical 
Press, 

Women  Doctors. — Sir  William  Gull,  the 
eminent  English  physician  who  died  recently, 
when  asked  hlB  opinion  on  wom-^n  doctors,  ex- 
pressed  himself  aa  followe:  "Pdraonally"  he 
said,  smiling,  **I  should  only  be  too  pleaaed  to 
be  called  in  consultation  with  one  of  my  fair 
confreres,  bat  such  has  not  often  been  my 
fate."  Then,  more  serionsly,  he  added :  "1 
think  one  ooght  always  to  help  women  etufly 
medicine  in  every  possible  way.  I  have  the 
greatest  respect  for  the  ladies  now  practicing 
in  London,  and  feel  sure  that  tbey  must  fill  far 
more  satisiaotorily,  than  the  average  medical 
man  could  pretend  to  do,  certain  poets.  A 
young  child  at  first  wonld  always  rather  be  at- 
tended and  operated  upon  by  a  woman  than  by 
a  man,  though  they  get  wonderfully  soon  ac- 
customed to  *the  doctor'."" 


glycerine  and  six  drachma  of  carbolic  acid; 
continue  the  heat  until  thoroughly  dissolved. 
On  cooling,  this  hardens  into  an  elastic  mass 
covered  with  a  shining,  parchment-like  skin, 
and  may  be  kept  for  any  Ungth  of  time. 


The  Seal. 

A  recent  issue  of  the  AUa  recorded  a  carious 
peonliarity  in  the  habits  of  aeali  which  may 
possibly  lead  to  important  reaults  in  banting 
for  tbeae  valaable  and  interesting  ocean  habi- 
tats. The  bell  buoy  which  is  kept  over  Noon- 
day Rock  to  notify  mariners  of  the  exact  posi- 
tion of  that  dangerous  submerged  rock  had 
drifted  from  its  moorings  and  gone  to  sea.  The 
rook  is  located  near  the  Farallone  islandB,  in 
about  18  feet  of  water.  Macb  difficulty  was 
anticipated  in  finding  the  rock,  whioh  had  to 
be  done  by  Bounding.  When  the  Bounding 
party  reached  its  vicinity,  it  was  decided  to 
test  the  truth  of  an  idea  that  many  seafaring 
men  entertain.  It  is  necessary  to  explain  said 
idea.  It  ia  well  known  that  there  are  in- 
numerable aeala  and  sealiona  along  this  coast. 
Old  sailors  say  that  seals  frtquentand  flock 
around  submerged  rocks  as  well  as  rocks  that 
appear  above  the  water,  and  that  if  they  can  be 
alarmed  by  a  load,  sudden  noiBe  or  a  ooncus 
sion  in  the  water,  they  will  riee  to  the  surface 
in  a  body  from  around  a  submerged  rock,  and 
that  one  can  restaBSured  that  the  middle  of  the 
rook  is  below  the  center  of  the  group  of  sea  ani- 
mals. 

"  Let  ns  give  that  idea  a  practical  test.  It 
will  do  no  harm,"  said  Captain  Daviea,  address* 
ing  Inspector  Captain  Perry. 

*' All  right;  pull  the  rope,"  was  the  reply. 

Captain  Davlea  grasped  the  cord  to  the 
steamer's  whistle  and  gave  it  a  dozen  short, 
sharp  jerks.  The  noise  was  deafening,  and,  or 
course,  produced  a  concussion  on  the  waves. 
All  hands  watched  the  surface  of  the  surround- 
ing water.  8  sveral  seconds  passed,  when  sud- 
denly, off  the  port  aide,  innumerable  seals  were 
seen  to  come  to  the  surface.  There  were  hun- 
dreds of  the  animals,  and  they  stretched  them- 
selves as  far  oat  of  the  water  as  possible  to  find 
what  bad  disturbed  their  repose  beneath  the 
waves.  The  steamer  was  several  hundred 
yards  distant  from  the  group,  which  covered 
half  an  acre  or  more  of  spuce.  The  experiment 
was  a  succesa,  but  the  Madrono  was  ao  far 
away  that  the  inspector,  not  wishing  to  put  the 
buoy  in  at  random,  decided  to  try  it  again.  So, 
taking  hie  bearingp,  he  steamed  away,  ao  that 
the  seals  might  settle  down  on  the  rock  again. 
Liter  in  the  day  the  steamer  returned  to  about 
the  place  where  the  seals  arose  before,  and 
again  the  heavy-voiced  whistle  was  blown,  and 
once  more  the  sea  animals  came  to  the  surface 
near  the  vessel.  It  was  a  peculiar  sight.  The 
sea  for  a  long  distance  around  was  actually 
alive  with  the  curloue  mammals.  Soundings 
were  made  near  the  middle  of  the  group,  and 
the  rock  found.  In  a  short  time  the  buoy  was 
pat  overboard  and  anchored  over  the  rock,  and 
once  more  a  deep-toned  bell  warns  the  mariner 
of  the  presence  of  danger  beneath  the  sea. 


What  Is  Rattan?— Every  one  knows  the 
pretty,  light  and  graceful  chaira  and  other  arti- 
cles ot  furniture  made  from  rattan,  but  every 
one  does  not  know  that  the  extremely  tough 
and  flexible  wood  called  rattan  is  that  of  a 
climbing  palm-tree.  This  curious  climber 
(vhioh  is  more  of  a  vine  than  a  tret)  is  one  of 
the  singular  oharacterlstios  of  forest  growth  in 
the  Celebes  and  other  Malayan  countries. 
Starting  with  a  trunk  as  thick  as  a  man's  leg, 
it  winds  through  the  forest,  now  wrapping  a 
tall  tree  in  its  folds,  like  some  gigantic  anake, 
and  then  descending  again  to  earth  and  trail. 
ing  along  in  snake-like  curvea  until  it  can  Sod 
aome  other  stately  tree  to  fasten  and  climb 
upon  in  its  purouit  of  light  and  air.  The  forest 
ia  BO  thick  and  jungle-like  that  it  seems  impos- 
sible to  follow  the  course  of  any  one  of  thepe 
serpentine  climbeTB;  but  there  is  little  doubt 
that  at  the  last  the  euccesaful  aspirant,  which 
stooped  and  cringed  ao  long  below,  will  be 
found  shooting  up  like  a  fligstaff  a  dozsn  feet 
or  moro  above  the  tree  which  has  helped  its 
riBe.  A  use  of  the  rattan,  which  is  unknown 
to  those  who  have  not  seen  it  in  its  native  for- 
est, is  a  water-carrier.  The  thirty  traveler  has 
at  all  times  a  tumblerful  of  oool,  refreshing 
water  at  his  command  by  cutting  off  eix  or 
eight  feet  of  the  rattan  and  putting  one  of  the 
severed  ends  to  bis  mouth,  or  holding  it  over  a 
dish  to  catch  the  water. 


A  Celebrated  German  Remedt  for  Burns 
consists  of  15  ounces  of  the  best  white  glue 
broken  into  small  pieces  in  two  pints  of  water 
and  allowed  to  become  soft;  then  diesolve  it  by 
means  of  a  water  bath  and   add   two  ounces  of 


They  Are  Not  Similar.  —  Many  people 
think  that  gutta  percha  and  india-rubber  are 
the  same  or  very  similar  gums.  Thir,  however, 
is  a  mistake.  India-rubber  is  the  aoiidified  sap 
of  a  Soath  American  tree.  It  ia  of  a  soft, 
gummy  nature;  not  tenacious,  bat  very  elastic; 
is  easily  decomposed  by  oily  sob^tanoea,  and 
does  not  stand  acids  well.  Gatta-perchs, 
whioh  is  only  found  in  the  Efi-st  Indies,  ia  ob- 
tained from  the  gutta  tree.  It  is  a  brownish 
gum,  which  solid'fie?  by  expOBore  to  the  air. 

Silk  Imitations  — We  recently  made  some 
reference  to  a  prooeas  for  producing  artificial 
Bilk.  In  discussing  the  latest  develop- 
ment in  the  line  of  silk  imitation,  an  Eoglish 
cotnmporary  sayB:  '*  CfeUuloid  '  silk '  ia  a 
cleverly  fabricated  tissue,  whioh  ought  to  here* 
pressed  by  common  consent,  or,  if  necessary, 


by  parliamentary  prohibition.  Nothing  ao  use- 
ful to  dishonest  dealerr,  and  so  dangerously  in- 
Hitnmablr,  has  hitherto  been  invented  in  the 
way  of  Clothing.  It  is  certainly  cheap  and 
handsome,  and  is  therefore  more  tempting  to 
the  thoughtless  or  the  defrauded  who  may  be 
induced  to  buy  as  'silk*  a  material  which  a 
spark  would  inflimr,  and  which  woald  bam 
with  the  fif>rcenes8  of  a  rag  ateeped  in 
petroleum.  It  may  be  in  the  future  posBible  to 
lessen  this  Inflimmabllity,  but  the  small  sam- 
ple referred  to  went  off  like  a  flash,  and  we  may 
assume  it  waB  aa  fire-proof  as  can  at  the  pres* 
ent  time  be  mide," 


Shop  I]otes. 


Shop  Suggestions. 

Wo  clip  the  following  "suggeBtions "  from 
the  B:)8ton  Journal  of  Commerce: 

It  has  recently  been  ascertained  that  wood 
can  be  glued  together  so  firmly  that  the  joint 
will  he  as  strong  as  the  wood  Itself.  Iron  can 
be  treated  in  the  Bame  manner,  only  It  takes 
several  daya  for  it  to  set.  There  sbontd  be  a 
sulphurio  solution  that  would  out  right  in  and 
get  a  hold  at  onoe  and  unite  the  parts  as  readily 
as  electric  welding.  [For  the  formula  by  which 
this  cement  is  made,  see  item  in  mechanical 
column  of  the  present  issne.] 

A  mechanic  has  been  at  work  for  a  long  time 
in  making  a  pinion  for  a  large  gear  that  will 
run  without  rattling  the  machinery  to  pieoep, 
and  claims  to  have  got  his  best  results  with 
green  hide,  wound  in  edgeways  with  sheet  iron 
spirally,  and  bound  together  with  rivets.  A 
gear  being  noisy  is  not  the  only  hindrance  in 
putting  up  machinery.  Baits  are  not  only 
cheaper,  and  can  be  aet  up  in  less  time,  but 
manage  to  do  their  driving  without  being  ao 
positive  in  their  action.  Their  ability  to  alip 
ia  a  great  safegaard  in  many  establishments. 

A  crank  on  gearing,  having  the  correct  forms 
of  gear  teeth  uppermost  in  his  mind,  was  called 
upon  at  one  time  to  explain  his  theory  b<4fore 
an  andience  of  engineers  and  mechanioe.  After 
taking  up  nearly  hie  allotted  time  in  explaining 
that  the  form  of  gear  teeth  should  be  such 
that  the  line  of  action  will  pass  through  the 
pitch  point,  and  that  every  draughtsman  shoald 
be  careful  and  get  an  outline  that  will  hold  the 
active  strain  in  the  right  direction,  some  one  of 
his  hearers  inquired  how  it  waa  possible  to  lay 
out  a  gear  tooth  that  would  act  otherwise.  It 
is  a  principle  in  mechanics  that  if  gear  teeth 
keep  in  contact  while  the  wheels  are  in  motion 
the  line  of  action  muat  come  where  the  pitch 
circles  touch  each  other,  and  yet  here  is  a  case 
where  a  man  of  learning  was  trying  to  have  a 
mechanic  do  that  which  he  could  not  help  do- 
ing if  he  would. 

It  is  much  easier  to  explain  matters  after 
they  have  taken  place  than  to  reason  out  what 
will  take  place  beforehand.  A  belt  man  was 
called  upon  to  explain  why  a  belt  shoald  creep 
two  per  cent  when  there  was  a  heavy  load  upon 
it.  Thinking  that  the  oreep  must  have  been  a 
positive  slip,  be  entertained  his  hearers  for 
about  half  an  hour  with  an  explanation  that 
all  coald  understand,  and  was  then  informed 
that  the  creep  was  a  negative  one,  creeping  just 
opDoaite  from  what  would  take  place  with  a  slip. 

Expansion  of  metals  works  aome  queer 
freaks  tvbich  do  not  quite  agree  with  reasoning. 
Jaat  call  on  any  one  to  explain  why  railroad 
rails  are  curved  downward  when  they  are  rolled 
oat,  and  they  will  show  at  onoe  that  it  is  to 
make  them  come  out  straight  when  they  get 
cold,  and  proceed  to  give  the  reasons  for  it, 
which  ia  far  more  reasonable  than  the  facts  of 
the  case  will  bear  them  out  in.  Iron  can  be 
upset  while  hot  by  the  shrinkage  of  some  of  the 
parts  that  cool  first,  and  oroduce  a  reault  that 
waB  not  reckoned  on.  Like  the  foundryman 
with  his  oore  barr,  had  they  increased  in  length, 
he  wonld  have  understood  it,  bat  the  trouble  waa 
they  grew  ahorter,  and  there  was  the  mystery. 

The  Men  Who  ISt.\y, — Young  mect^anioa 
make  a  very  egregious  miatake,  aaya  the  Build- 
ers' Gazette,  when  they  begin  to  think  that 
they  do  too  muob  for  their  employera  when 
they  work  a  few  momenta  overtime  to  complete 
a  small  task  they  are  performing,  just  at  the 
time  the  whistle  blows  to  quit  work.  More 
young  men  have  been  kept  from  receiving  an  ad- 
vance in  their  wages  from  thia  than  from  any 
other  known  cause.  Employera  watch  the  move- 
ments of  young  men  very  closely,  and  the  least 
little  thing  oftentimes  places  them  in  an  un- 
favorable light  before  their  employers.  It  is 
the  young  man  who  studies  the  interests  of  his 
employer,  and  ia  not  afraid  to  give  him  a  few 
momenta  that  gets  the  rapid  advanoement. 
He  ia  the  young  man  selected  when  there  are 
any  favors  to  be  granted.  I  can  tell  in  20  min- 
utes in  any  workshop  the  young  man  who  is 
moat  likely  to  succeed  in  his  trade.  He  is  the 
last  to  leave  his  work  and  is  always  prompt  in 
beginning  it.  The  fellows  who  drop  their 
work  at  the  moment  the  whistle  blowp,  are 
always  the  ones  that  the  employer  is  ready  to 
discharge  when  basiness     gets   a   little   slack. 

Changing  Employees  —Don't  keep  contin- 
ually discharging  your  employees  and  hiring 
others  in  the  search  for  better  men.  Those 
you  already  have  are  probably  all  right,  if 
properly  developed;  and  a  man's  value  to  you 
ought  to  grow  in  proportion  to  hia  length  of 
service.  If  you  don't  pufficleotly  remunerate 
faithful,  intelligent  service,  you  will  never  get 
good  men,  or,  at  least,  you  won't  keep  them, 


E'LECTPjeiTY, 


Workiug  Railroads  by  Electricity. 

At  the  C.ncinnati  meeting  of  the  American  So- 
ciety of  Mechanical  Engineers,  Mr.  W.  E  Hall 
read  a  piper  on  the  working  of  railroads  by 
electricity.  He  held  that  with  electric  motors 
it  would  not  be  neceeaary  to  have  track  tanks 
and  water  stand-pipes  distributed  olwely 
throughoat  the  line,  and  time  and  expense 
would  be  saved.  It  would  not  be  necessary  to 
oarry  the  dead  weight  of  tender  and  its  load. 
The  experience  with  the  centraliz&tton  of  power, 
where  large  hydraulic,  pneumatic  or  electric 
plants  are  in  operation,  is  that  a  greater  amount 
can  be  supplied  than  is  necessary  to  develop  at 
the  station — 'hat  if,  where  there  is  much  divis- 
ion a  50  to  60  horse  power  plant  can  take  and 
supply  satigfactorlly  about  lOOhorse  power. 
The  reason  for  this  is  that  it  never  occurs  that 
all  the  power  ia  used  simultaneoualy.  Multi- 
plication of  parta  increases  the  number  of  pieces 
to  wear  and  consequent  repairr,  as  well  as  the 
obanoea  of  failure  from  breakage.  In  the  d(a- 
cuBsion  that  followed,  one  of  the  members  ex- 
hibited an  estimate  showing  that  the  cost  of 
establishine  an  electric  railroad  could  not  be 
less  than  S219.356  for  the  power  alone.  H.  O. 
Spalding  held  that  the  next  step  in  that  direo- 
tion  will  be  the  adoption  of  high  potential  car- 
rents  along  the  track  and  low  potential  motors 
run  by  induced  ourrents.  This  is  Bucceasful  In 
electric  liKhtiog,  and  may  be  used  in  transpor- 
tation. The  entire  absence  of  reciprooating 
parts  is  a  moat  important  feature  of  the  elec- 
tric motor.  Another  point  is  that  the  higher 
the  spsed  the  greater  the  economy,  as  the  nanal 
16  to  I  gearing  is  reduced.  Further,  the  adop- 
tion of  electric  motors  would  give  an  oppor- 
tunity for  the  utilization  of  the  water-powers 
of  the  country. 


Effect  of  Electric  Light  on  Plants, — A 
beaucitul  illustration  of  the  effect  of  eleotrio 
light;  ^aa  recently  given  by  Dr.  Siemena  before 
the  Royal  Society  of  England  by  placing  a  pot 
of  budding  tulipa  in  the  full  brightness  of  the 
electric  light  in  the  meeting-room,  and  In  about 
40  minutes  the  buds  had  expanded  into  full 
bloom,  Dr,  Siemens  told  that  he  had  planted 
a  number  of  quick-growing  seeds,  such  as 
mustarda,  carrots,  melona,  etc.,  and  having  di- 
vided the  pots  into  four  groups,  had  one  group 
kept  entirely  in  the  dark,  one  exposed  to  the 
infiaence  of  the  electric  light  only,  one  to  the 
influence  of  daylight  only,  and  one  to  daylight 
and  electric  light  in  eucoession.  He  applied 
the  electric  light  each  evening  from  5  o'clock  to 
II  o'clock  ana  left  the  plants  in  darkness  for 
the  remainder  of  the  night.  According  to  hia 
observations,  the  plants  kept  entirely  in  the 
dark  soon  died;  those  exposed  to  the  eleotrio 
light  only,  or  to  the  daylight  only,  throve 
about  eqaally,  and  those  expoied  to  both 
day  and  electric  light  throve  far  better  than 
either. 

Electricitt  in  the  Home. — Prof.  R,  H. 
Thurston,  In  a  reoent  article,  gives  a  graphic 
description  of  what  electricity  will  do  in  the 
near  future.  He  says  it  will  break  up  the 
present  factory  syatem  and  enable  the  home 
worker  once  more  to  compete  on  living  terms 
with  great  aggrega'^iona  of  capital  in  un- 
scrupulous handa.  G-reat  steam  engines  will 
undoubtedly  become  generally  the  sources  of 
power  in  large  citiep,  and  will  send  oat  the  eleo- 
trio wire  in  every  corner  of  the  town,  helping 
the  sewing  woman  at  her  machine,  the  weaver 
at  his  pattern  loom,  the  mechanic  at  his  engine 
lathr,  giving  every  bouse  the  mechanical  aids 
needed  in  the  kitchen,  the  laundry,  the  ele- 
vator, and  at  the  same  time  giving  light,  and 
possibly  heat,  in  liberal  quantity  and  in- 
tensity. 

Drugs  Administered  by  Electricity, — ■ 
Reoent  experiments  have  demonstrated  that 
small  doses  of  certain  drugs  can  be  made  to 
pass  through  the  akin  between  the  poles  of  a 
galvanic  current.  Dr.  Cagney  reports  having 
used  iodide  of  potassium  in  this  way  for  the 
cure  of  labyrinthine  deafness  and  in  lead  palsy. 
The  method  is  best  adapted  for  the  treatment 
of  diseaBes  of  the  skin  itself,  or  tumors  immedi- 
ately beneath,  and  of  mocoua  membranea.  lb 
offers  the  advantage  of  conveying  a  useful  but 
not  readily  tolerated  drug— probably  in  a  etate 
of  maximum  activity — directly  to  the  part 
where  needed,  while  many  cases  may  he  bene- 
fited at  the  same  time  by  the  stimulating  action 
of  the  galvanic  current. 


Edison,  when  in  Parip,  laid  great  stress  upon 
the  fact  that  It  was  dangerous  to  be  sending, 
Bide  by  sir^n  with  gas  conduits  through  sub- 
terranean Piris,  electrical  currents  by  wirea 
charged  with  bigh-teuBion  cnrrentp,  and  pre- 
dicted that  explosiona  would  be  the  reault. 
Many  explosions  from  this  cause  are  now  oo* 
ourring  in  Parip,  and  the  newspapers  of  that 
city  are  reverting  to  Eiison'a  warning. 


More  Weird  than  Poetic. — Pryotechnic 
effects  in  table  decoration  are  rampant.  Elec- 
tric wires  are  run  through  the  stems  of  tulipg, 
white  lilies  and  jonquilc;  a  bunch  of  them 
planted  in  an  epergne  give  the  red,  yellow, 
green  and  brown  fruit  the  glow  of  enchantment, 
and  when  the  white,  bright  light  streama  from  a 
plaqae  of  nuts  the  sensation  ia  rather  more 
weird  than  poetic. 


418 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Jdne  21,  1890 


mm 


Scientific  -^ 


,  DEWET.  W.  B.  EWER. 

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SAN    FRANCISCO: 

Saturday,   June   21,    1890. 


TABLE  OF  CONTENTS. 


ILLUSTRATIONS.— Hauling  a  Bi?  Redwood  L-g  to 
the  Mill;  Electric  Light  and  Power  Plant  Running 
Eight  Peltin  Wheels  with  Capacity  of  1400  Horse- 
power, 411-  Mounts  Dana  and  Gibbs;  Mono  Vol- 
canoes; Red  or  Sardine  Lake,  B'oodj  Canyon.  419. 

BDITORIALiS.— A  L'ght  snd  Power  Plant,  411. 
Passing  Events:  Free  Ooinaee  of  Silver;  Another 
Cruiser  to  be  Built  Here;  The  ftMders' Strike;  Acad- 
emy of  Scientes;  Mining  Bjieau  Museum;  Forest 
Tree  ti^fribution,  418-  In  the  Sierras;  Redwood 
T.mVier,  419. 

OORRBSfONDBNCB.— Mines  and  MiHa  of  Shasta 
County;  Gold  in  the  Cascades;  The  Mines  of  Am  idor 
County;  The  Hart  &  Fleming  mine;  The  Gold  Belt  of 
Northen  California,  412. 

M'«  ^ELbANEOUS.— Water  on  the  Pacific  Coast, 
41S. 

MmuHANICAL  PROGRESS.— Imrrovements  in 
Pipe  Making  Processes;  Boiler  Manufacturers' Meefng; 
Governors  fur  Marine  bo^ines,  416. 

SCIENTIFIC  PROGRESS.-The  Ac:d3of  Fruits; 
Improved  Phctigr-phs;  Ttansuiutation  of  Ootton-Se«d; 
Bow  D  fferently  We  Look  at  Things;  Succiss  a  Matter 
of  Character;  Power  of  Water;  How  Far  Can  We  See; 
Scales  That  Will  Weigh  a  Hair;  Miscellaneous,  416. 

GOOD  HEALTH.— The  Rational  Use  of  Me  icine; 
Elevator  Sickness;  The  Human  Brjath  a  Poison; 
Woman  Dictors;  German  Rem  dy  for  Burn°,  4    7. 

USEFUL  INFORMATION.-The  Seal;  What  Ib 
Rattan;  Thev  Ai-e  N  >t  Shnilar;  Silk  Imitations,  4  17. 

SHOP  NOTES —Shop  Suggestions;  The  Men  Wno 
Stiv;  Ohanguiff  Emplnyes,  417. 

ELECTRICITY. —Working  Railroads  by  Elect-icity; 
FfEact  of  Electric  Light  on  PUntg;  Electricitv  in  the 
Home;  Drugs  Administered  by  Electricity;  Miscelli- 
neou3,  417. 

MINING  aUMMARY- From  the  various  counties 
of  California,  Nevada,  Arizona,  Colorado,  Idaho,  Mon- 
tana, New  Mexico.  Oreeon,  Utah,  Wyoming,  414-415. 

MINING  STOCK  MARKET-— Sales  at  the  San 
Francisco  Stook  Board,  Notices  of  Meetinsrs.  Asseas- 
mentfi.  Dividflniis,  and  Bullion  Rtiipmentg,  422 

MARKET  REPORTS.- Local  Markets,  Eastern 
Metal  Markets,  422. 


PassiDg  Events. 

Work  h%a  been  commenced  on  the  new  emelt- 
log  worka  at  Spokane  Falls,  WashiDgton.  The 
plant  will  oonBist  of  two  water>j  loket  blaat 
furDac3e,  with  blowers,  roaatiog  furnaoea,  etc. 
The  amelter  will  carry  a  large  stock  of  ore  on 
hand,  and  will  be  of  great  advantage  to  all 
outlying  diatriota,  eapecially  the  Cce  ir  d'Alene 
region, 

Oaly  one  of  the  crniaers  was  awarded  to  the 
Union  Iron  Works  of  this  city,  thoagh  it  waa 
at  firat  supposed  that  they  woald  get  two. 
However,  the  building  of  thia  one  vesael  means 
the  expenditure  here  among  mechanica  of  $1,- 
796,000. 

Tbe  moldera*  strike  has  not  yet  ended,  al- 
thoQgh  the  union  has  offered  a  conference  with 
a  view  to  compromise  the  iasuea.  The  foundry- 
men,  however,  refuae  to  have  any  conference, 
seeing  no  reason  for  a  meeting  in  view  of  the 
fact  that  they  have  employed  other  men  in  the 
placea  of  the  strikers. 

There  ia  an  abundance  of  water  in  all  the 
streams  thia  aeaaoa  for  mining  purposes,  and 
this  will  continue  until  tbe  rainy  season,  owing 
to  tbe  great  quantity  of  snow  stored  in  the 
monntains. 

The  water  in  the  Cirsou  river  ia  now  at  auch 
a  stage  that  all  the  mills  are  being  run  to  their 
fall  capacity.  As  the  nights  are  still  cold  in 
the  mountains,  it  is  expected  that  the  present 
volume  of  water  in  the  river  will  be  so  de- 
creased that  there  will  be  room  between    banks 


Free  Comage  of  Silver. 

The  action  of  the  United  States  Senate 
passing  a  bill  providing  for  the  free  coinage  of 
silver,  shows  the  independence  of  that  body, 
and  also  that  party  whip  had  no  control  when 
a  large  majority  of  the  citizens  of  this  country 
demanded  any  favored  measure.  There  ia  not 
a  State  Grange  but  at  ita  last  annual  meeting 
spoke  ucqaalifiedly  in  favor  of  the  free  coinage 
of  silver.  Libor  unions  have  done  the  same, 
while  business  men  throughout  the  West  and 
South  and  in  several  of  the  Eistern  States 
have  taken  the  same  grounds.  The  most  for- 
midable opposition  to  free  coinage  has  come 
from  Wall-street  gold-bugs,  who  apparently 
are  controlled  by  tbe  incentive  for  high  inter- 
est, and  with  lessened  money,  more  profitable 
speculative  corners.  This  element  is  also 
backed  by  Eiglish  capitalists.  Hdnry  Clewa 
very  pertinently  aaid  lately  that  "not  long 
since  41^  pence  per  onnce  was  the  market 
value  of  silver  in  London,  and  it  would  not 
probably  be  much  more  than  that  now  had  tbe 
preaent  agitation  of  the  silver  queation  not  been 
brought  np  in  Congreas.  The  interest  of  the 
great  merchants  in  Londrn  whose  business  is 
with  the  Eist,  always  favors  a  low  price  for 
silver  bullion,  and  their  efforts  have  been  to 
depress  the  price.  L:>ndon  has  now  lost  tbe 
power  of  dictation  to  the  silver  market,  and 
this  country,  which  ia  entitled  to  it,  has  as- 
sumed it.  If  the  present  silver  bill  paaaee,  the 
power  of  diotation  will  remain  here,  and  Lon- 
don will  adopt  and  follow  our  figures," 

The  Senate  bill  has  gone  back  to  the  House 
as  a  aubstitute  for  that  of  the  latter.  At  this 
writing  It  is  difficult  to  form  any  decided  opin- 
ion as  to  .what  the  latter  body  will  do  with  the 
bill,  bat  it  looks  as  if  a  conference  will  be 
held  and  a  bill  agreed  upou;  yet  those  in  posi- 
tion to  know  affirm  that  the  lower  house  will 
accept  the  free  coinage  bill  of  the  Senate,  and 
if  President  Harrison  vetoes  i*,  it  will  be 
passed  over  his  head.  With  this  a  law, 
ateps  will  be  taken  to  draw  Eiropean  govern> 
manta  into  favoring  blmetalUaTi,  as  was  recent- 
ly outlined  in  a  speech  by  H>n,  F(-ancis  G. 
Kewlands,  to  whom  credit  is  largely  due  for 
tbe  success  of  free  coinage  in  the  Smate. 


An  explosion  in  the  coal  mine  on  Hill's  farm, 
Fayette  Co.,  Penn.,  on  the  16th.  entombed  30 
miners.     The  disaster  is  the  worst  evar  known 

iin  the  CoDneleville  region.  Ksscuing  parties 
are  at  work,  but  there  ia  little  hope  of  getting 
any  of  the  men  out  alive. 


Another  Cruiser  to  be  Built  Here. 

While  the  SlOOton  cruiser  waa  awarded  to 
Wm.  T.  Cramp  &  Son  of  Philadelphi»,  the 
oantract  for  the  Cruiser  Nj.  6,  of  5500  ton?, 
the  largest  ever  built  on  the  Picifio  (Joas^,  was 
given  to  the  Uiion  Iron  Worka  of  thia  ciiy  at 
a  price  of  Si, 795, 000.  P.ominent  foundrymen 
aver  that  the  moldera'  strike  will  have  practi- 
cally no  bearing  on  the  construction  of  the  new 
cruiser,  as  the  men  now  in  the  shops  are  per- 
fectly competent  to  do  all  that  is  n quired. 

It  ia  a  matter  of  great  regret  that  tbe  Navy  De- 
partment saw  fit  to  accept  the  plans  of  Craccp 
&  Son  for  the  S100*ton  veaael.  Oq  the  plans 
submitted  by  the  D  apartment,  the  Uaion  Iron 
Works  had  the  lowest  bid.  Oi  the  separate 
plans  submitted  by  the  reapectiva  firma,  how- 
eve-j  that  of  the  Philadelphia  one  was  lower 
than  that  of  uur  California  shipyard.  It  was 
therefore  decided  to  give  the  work  to  Cramp  & 
Son  for  tbe  larger  vessel,  while  the  5500  ton  ahip 
comes  to  us.  Oj  the  8100-ton  armored  cruiser, 
the  Union  Iron  Works'  bid  was  $3  100,000  and 
the  Cramps*  bid  was  $50  000  higher.  The 
Cramps  put  in  a  bid  of  S2.9S5.000  if  their  own 
inatead  of  the  Department's  plana  were  need, 
and  the  Union  Iron  Works  offered  to  build  on 
their  plans  for  S3, 000,000,  or  §15,000  more  than 
the  Cramps, 

There  has  been  some  indignation  expressed 
that  the  lowest  bid  on  the  Department's  own 
plans  was  not  accepted,  instead  of  letting  the 
C.'ampa  get  the  vessel  on  their  own  plans,  and 
this  has  been  looked  upon  by  many  as  savoring 
more  or  less  of  *'  politics."  However,  Cilifornia 
has  not  very  much  to  complain  of  at  present  In 
the  matter  of  building  Government  vessels,  aa 
onehaa  recently  been  launched,  one  is  ready  to 
launch  and  another  is  being  started.  The  last 
award  gives  us  the  largest  vessel  ever  built 
here. 


The  Molders'  Strike. 

Some  statements  having  been  made  in  dis- 
patches  from  Washington  to  the  efifaot  that  the 
prevailing  strike  in  this  city  waa  likely  to  in- 
terfere with  the  awarding  of  contracts  for 
building  Government  cruisers,  the  foundrymen 
here  telegraphed  to  the  Secretary  of  the  Navy 
that  their  shops  would  be  at  the  disposal  of  the 
Union  Iron  Worka  for  caatinga,  and  that  work 
would  not  be  delayed.  Ia  anawer  a  diapatch 
waa  received  from  the  Secretary  of  the  Navy, 
who  aaid  that  while  he  regretted  the  strike, 
his  action  would  not  be  infiaenoed  by  it.  Mean- 
time the  Molders'  Union  sent  a  communication 
to  the  Foundrymen'a  Association  suggesting  a 
conference  to  adjast  differences.  To  this  the 
following  reply  waa  Sf'nt : 

San  Francisco.  June  t6,  i8go. 
To  Iron  jl folders'  Union,  No  164  Sau  Francisco  — 
GENTLbMEN  :  la  answer  to  your  communication 
of  the  14th  inst.,  our  association  begs  to  state  that 
the  members  of  your  union  leJt  our  employ  on 
March  3d  without  notice,  and  that  we  have  em- 
ployed others  to  take  their  places  who  are  saiisfac 
to-y  to  us;  and  as  we  have  not  taken  any  action  to 
prevent  your  members  from  workmg  in  our  shops 
with  all  the  j Hit  privileges  of  American  citizens,  we 
therefore  do  not  know  of  anything  to  adjust,  and 
for  that  reason  see  no  occasion  for  a  meeting. 

We  join  you  in  the  hopa  that  the  cruisers  will  be 
secured  for  this  coast,  and  feel  satisfied  that  the 
work  can  be  completed  here  in  a  manner  to  reflect 
credit  on  this  city.  Respectfully  yours,  etc., 
Enginerrs  and  Iron  Founders'  AssocrATioN 
OF  California. 

By  R.  S.  Moore  S  cretary. 

This  reply  virtually  not  only  declines  a  con- 
ference, but  means  that  the  foundrymen  posi- 
tively decline  ti  have  relations  with  the  union 
as  a  body,  but  will  accept  individuals  in  their 
shops  should  they  choose  to  apply  for  work. 

The  issue  between  the  foundrymen  and  mold- 
era  ia  now  clearly  dtfioed  and  underatood.  The 
foundrymen  are  willing  to  take  the  men  back 
as  individuals,  but  they  must  work  with  any 
others  employed,  whether  union  men  or  not, 
and  no  union  rules  will  be  tolerated.  They 
will  abide  by  the  ultimatum  of  M?rch  lObh,  as 
publlahed  In  tbe  Press.  Tbe  foundrymen  con- 
tend that  if  they  accede  to  the  strikers'  de- 
mands, they  must  c'ose  their  shops.  While 
the  shopa  are  not  working  full-banded,  they 
have  men  enough  for  ordinary  wort,  and  others 
are  coming.  Thirteen  more  moldtrs  arrived 
thia  week  and  were  put  at  work  in  the  fonn- 
driea. 

Notwithstanding  the  labor  troublea,  one  of 
the  proposed  cruisers  was  awarded  to  the 
Uaion  Iron  Worka  and  she  will  b^  built  here, 
Oi  Thuraday  a  suit  was  61ed  in  the  C  unty 
Clerk's  office  entitled  the  U  non  Iron  Wi^rke 
against  the  Iron  Molders'  Uaion,  Nj.  164. 
The  plaintiff  se*»ks  to  recover  §10,000  to  com- 
pensate the  orporation  for  damages  caused  by 
the  union  enticing  a  number  of  workmen  away 
from  the  plaintiff's  employment. 

It  is  ftUfged  in  the  complaint  that  Thomas 
Fitcb,  Thomas  Ej-ana,  Mat  Djoley,  L3onard 
Mager  and  John  0'N::ill  were  m  cbanioa  skillt  d 
in  tbe  science  of  iron-molding,  and  were  in  the 
emplovment  of  the  Uaion  Iron  Works  on  Jane 
11,  1890,  and  were  so  employed  for  about  two 
months  prior  to  that  date.  Oa  the  llbh  of 
June  tbe  defendant,  "intending  to  injure  the 
plaintiff  and  to  deprive  the  oorporation  of  its 
employes,  went  to  each  of  them  and  enticed 
them  to  leave  the  service  of  the  plaintiff." 


of  Los  Angeles.  We  presume  applications 
addressed  to  either  of  theae  officers  will  go 
properly  on  record  for  the  coming  winter's  dis- 
tribution. 

Academy  of  Sciences. 

At  the  meeting  of  the  California  Academy  of 
Sjienoes  on  Monday  laaf.  Dr.  Cirrington  BjI- 
ton  of  the  New  York  Lyceum  of  Natural  His- 
tory  delivered  a  lecture  on '*  Sonorous  Sind," 
a  sand  which  is  found  in  various  parts  of  tbe 
world.  He  had  speoimena  of  sand  In  a  bag, 
which,  when  pushed  together,  gave  forth  a 
sound.  Dr.  B)lton  has  traveled  exten«ve1y, 
and  has  made  this  subject  a  special  study.  He 
hid  with  him  aanda  from  Arabia,  the  Hawaiian 
Inlands  and  other  localities. 

Prof.  Carl  Limhallz,  of  the  Riyal  Academy 
of  Sciences,  Christiana,  Norway,  delivered  a 
lecture  on  "Explorations  in  Northeastern 
Australia, "  which  was  illustrated  with  stereop- 
ticonviewa.  Prof.  Lamhaltz  was  sent  out  from 
Stveden  to  study  the  fauna  and  civil. zjtiou  of 
Australi",  and  hia  lecture  waa  olosely  lietened 
t  J.  He  bagan  by  saying  that  many  people  had 
oaly  the  most  vague  idea  of  the  extent  of  that 
onntry,  and  he  informed  his  hearers  that  it 
waa  nearly  aa  large  aa  the  Uaited  Statep,  leaving 
out  Alaska.  He  said  It  was  easy  to  exist  in 
Australia,  and  all  manner  of  civilizition  could 
b3  found  there.  Ha  described  it  as  the  wonder- 
Und  of  the  scientist.  Hia  travels  extended 
i  ito  Q  teensland,  and  be  illustrated  hiaremarka 
with  viewa  of  the  aoeoery,  nativaa  and  their 
weapons,  animalp,  etc.  Oi  the  native  Austral- 
ian he  said  that  the  latest  theory  advanced  was 
that  there  was  a  kinship  between  the  African 
and  Aastralian  negroes,  and  he  mentioned  some 
0:  the  points  of  similarity  between  them.  He 
stated  that  there  was  no  rain  in  Q  leensland, 
fpfquently  for  eight  or  ten  mmths  in  the  year. 
Ha  told  of  the  low  state  of  civlllzition  there, 
and  aaid  moat  of  the  vegetables  grown  were 
poieoooue,  and  that  nearly  all  needed  prepara- 
tion before  using.  He  aaid  the  natives  in  the 
interior  where  he  was,  ate  poiaonoue  snakes 
and  reptiles,  and  in  some  instances  praotioed 
cannibalism,  but  did  not  like  white  human 
fl^eh  bscinaeit  waa  too  saltish.  Hia  lecture  was 
attentively  listened  to,  and  the  vlewa  which 
a  ompanied  his  remarks  were  qnite  interesting. 

Mining  Bureau  Museum. 

Tile  followicg  at'-  among  the  recent  additions 
to  the  colIectioD  of  the  CAliforoia  S  ate  Mining 
Bureau  : 

Native  antimony  wi  h  stibiconite,  Kern  Co,,  Cal.; 
A.  B'anc. 

Cube  of  granit  ■  (one  fo^l)  dre^^sed  and  pnlished, 
from  the  quarry  of  the  Ricky  Point  Granire  Co.. 
Exeter.  Tulare  Co.,  Cal. ;  Messrs.  Grifii'.h,  Owens  &. 
Hughes. 

Bementite,  N^w  Jersey:  ba'vto-calcite  and  chil- 
drenite,  Englir  d    from  J.  Z    Dtvis. 

0:d-slyle  rocker  for  gold-washing,  Mariposa,  Cal.; 
D.  Lawson. 

Granite.  Mt,  Tam^lpai?,  Marin  Co.,  Cal. 

Aztec  or  toltec.  heads  oi  biki^d  clay,  Miss  F. 
Gates. 


Forest  Tree  Distribution. 

The  State  of  California  baa  received  from 
Mr.  Abbot  Kinney  of  Lamanda  Park  a  dona- 
tion of  many  thoasand  young  forest  trees 
reared  at  that  gentleman's  expense.  In  mak- 
ing this  presentation  he  has  selected  the  State 
6}ard  of  Forestry  as  the  proper  channel  for  the 
direction  of  them  to  the  best  uses.  Such  of 
theae  treea  aa  are  not  required  to  perfect  their 
own  plantations  will  be  distributed,  during 
the  coming  season,  to  such  applicants  as  will 
conform  to  the  board's  request  to  furnish  the 
customary  reports  as  to  locality  planted, 
growth  made,  conditions  observed,  etc. 

In  selecting  the  State  Board  as  the  medium 
for  tbe  dissemination  of  these  trees,  Mr.  Kin- 
ney was  doubtless  influenced  by  the  knowledge 
that  the  intelligent  direction  and  tireless  efforts 
of  the  chairman  of  the  board,  Hon.  Walter  S. 
Moore,  to  foster  and  promote  the  oanse  of  for- 
est planting,  would  be  fully  exerciaed  to  insure 
such  disposition  of  this  mnniflcent  gift  as 
would  result  in  far-reaching  benefit  to  the 
people  of  the  whole  S>ate.  The  secretary  of 
the  board  ia  Sands  W.  Forman,  35  Flood 
building,  S.  F.,  and  the  forester  is  W.  S.  Lyon 


Gold  quartz  (  ich  in  free  goM),  new  loca'ity, 
Eureka  mine,  P.ne  valley,  Sin  Dipgo,  Cal.-  Mr 
N  )b!e. 

Crystallized  stibnite,  Hollister.  San    Banito   Co 
Cal. 

Three  rich  pold-quariz  specimens  from  the  Idaho 
mine,  Grass  \'.illey— two  of  ihfm  from  the  rich 
quirtz  recenity  struck  1700  feet  below  the  surface; 
Ed*a  d  Coleman. 

Silver  ore  rich  in  native  silver,  Venturas  mine, 
Dnrango,  Mexico;  W.  F.  Campbfll. 

Fine   specimens   cuprite  and   azurite;  J.  Z   Davis. 

Twenty-one  specimens  rare  minerals  (imported), 
Eastern  States  and  Europe. 

Asbestos  from  Corsica;  R.  H.  lones. 


Mechanics'  Institute  Fair. — Sacretary  J. 
H.  Culver  of  the  Machanics'  Institute  says  that 
many  applications  for  epace  are  being  received 
and  many  inquiries  made  regarding  the  coming 
fair.  The  board  at  the  last  meeting  made  np 
the  premium  list,  and  a  large  number  of  medals 
and  cash  premiums  will  be  awarded;  it  was  now 
in  the  hands  of  the  printer  and  will  be  ready 
for  general  distribution  soon.  Tbe  art  gallery 
is  to  be  made  an  especial  attraction,  and  a  Targe 
number  of  pictures  not  heretofore  shown  to 
the  public  will  be  placed  on  exhibition. 

Coal  Miners  at  Wellington.— K.  Duns- 
muir  &  Sons  have  positively  refused  to  meet 
any  committee  from  the  Council  of  Federated 
Trades  to  arrange  for  a  settlement  of  the 
troublea  exiating  between  the  firm  and  the 
coal  minera  at  the  Wellington  coalmines.  It 
is  reported  that  the  Dansmuir  firm  will  begin 
evicting  the  families  of  the  minera  from 
their  homes  at  the  Wellington  coal  mines  on 
July  12  5h. 


June  21,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


la  the  High  Sierras. 

NUMUKK   l[. 

Tbroush  Bloody   Canyoa  to   Modo  Latoe. 

B  fore  the  adveoturouB  trip  to  Moaat  L/ell 
(u  deacribed  io  Uet  week'«  Press),  the  party 
of  studeota  puted  throajih  the  8ierr48  to  Like 
Mono,  and  returned  to  Soda  Sprioga.  Thia  go- 
copied  three  daya.  A  ooDBpicaoua  trail  waa 
diaooverfd  after  they  left  the  o^mp  at  the  baae 
of  Mt.  Dma,  which  led  the  party  to  Mono 
Paaa,  the  entrance  to  Hloody  canyon,  which  ia 
noted  for  its  ateepneas  and  ita  dangeroua  trail, 
Ita  pictarpaque  rock  aoenery  and  its  Hiral 
beaaty.  In  the  descent  through  the  canyon 
to  the  eaat  the  alope  ia  extremely  eteep,  the 
total  length  being  two  milep,  within  which  die* 
tiDca  the  trail  dt-acenda  at  leaat  2000  feet  in 
vertical  hight.  Toe  trail  leada  down  to  the 
bue  of  the  tnonntain  over  an  old  battered* 
down  atairway.  Here  the  trail  is  rough  and 
treacherona,  aa  the  name  of  the  canyon  ie  in* 
tfnded  to  aogfjest.  At  one  place  the  trail 
turns  sharply  to  the  right,  and  sweeping  down 
a  narrow  gorge  partially  611ed  with  loose  frag- 
ments of  alatf,  suddenly  presents  an  impressive 
scene.  Here  they  are  almost  entirely  hemmed 
in  by  olififd.  A  deep,  annatnraMooking  lake 
rests  serenely  In  a  solid  rook  basin.  Beyond, 
egress  seems  impossible,  so  steep  do  the  walls 
appear  and  so  narrow  the  outlet.  This  Is  oer- 
tiinly  the  lake  which  waa  gouged  out  by  the 
glacier  that  in  former  ages  filled  the  canyon. 
Yonder  is  the  cliff  over  which  the  ice  fell. 
There  can  be  no  doubt  about  it.  This  is  '*  Sar- 
dine" lake;  here  is  the  place  where  a  mule  once 
slipped  and  fell  into  the  water,  and  with  bia 
toad  of  sardines,  was  lost.  The  party  was 
greatly  reli(.v3d  to  6od  the  exit  less  terrible 
than  it  bad  seemed. 

**  Alt  along  the  trail,  especially  near  the 
Bommi*^,  the  rook  scenery  was  brightened  by 
the  mnltitade  of   flowers   which  bloesomed  in 


419 


mass  of  the  Sierras  bad  at  one  time  been 
lifted  up  as  one  huge  block  which  had  been 
tilted  away  a  little  from  or,  so  aa  to  leave  a 
long,  gentle  slope  on  the  weatera  and  a  short, 
steep  one  on  the  eastern  side.  The  picture 
given  on  Mt.  Dina  and  Mt.  Oibba,  taken  from 
near  here,  will  iltaBtrate  to  aome  extent  the 
steepness  of  the  slope."  [The  photo-facsimiles 
given  in  thia  and  the  previous  artiote  wore 
made  from  negativea  taken  by  the  young  ama- 
tenra  of  the  expedition,  and  are   not  qiite  aa 


created  them  waa  exerted  in  frequent  earth- 
quakes, which,  it  is  aappoaed,  helped  to  ele- 
vate the  Sierras.  Kren  now  the  energy  ia  not 
entirely  dissipated,  aa  is  ahown  by  the  hot 
springs  which  exist  on  the  islands  of  Lake 
Mono  and  the  frequent  earthquakes  experi 
enoed  in  the  Hvsin  region, 

*'  Wa  madeonroimpon  Rashoreek,  and  went 
down  to  the  lake  shore  just  as  the  sun  was  set- 
ting behind  Mt.  Dina,  and  the  evening  shad- 
ows added  their  weird  efifeot  to  the  dead  lake. 


we  were  nnable  to  solve.  Here  we  were  in  a 
volcinic  region  where  earthquakea  are  com- 
mon. C3tn  we  attribute  the  above  phenomenon 
to  a  local  feubsidenoe  of  the  shoreline  or  to  an 
elevation  of  the  lake-bed,  oanaing  the  water  to 
overflow  the  shore,  or  is  it  caused  by  the  grad- 
ually increasing  humidity  of  the  basin  region, 
tending  to  enlarge  the  lake  to  its  former  size  ?  " 


Redwood  Timber. 


MOUNTS    DANA.    AND    GIBBS. 


In  the  forests  cf  S  in  jma,  Mendocino  and 
Hnmboldt  counties,  in  this  State,  the  trees  out 
for  lumber  average  much  larger  In  size  than  aoy 
ia  the  world.  These  redwoods  are  not  the 
*  show"  big  trees  of  Cilifornta  which  are  in 
CilaversF,  Mariposp,  Fresno  and  Santa  Cruz 
counties,  and  are  of  a  different  variety.  But 
the  big  redwoods  of  the  northwest  coast  of  the 
State  are  utilizad  for  lumber,  being  cut 
wherever  m3t  in  the  forest  at  such  points  aa 
'ogfting  camp?  are  located.  Trees  eight  and  ten 
'eet  in  diameter  are  not  at  all  uocommoo,  and 
nary  are  found  froTi  14  to  16  feet.  The  very 
'ifgee',  when  felled,  are  sawed  into  Icgp,  and 
he  logs  split  by  powder  before  being  hauled 
:o  the  mill,  such  sectioDs  being  too  unwieldy 
^0  handle  readily. 

A  photo  facaim  Ie  on  pig'*  411  shows  a  log 
loided  on  the  oars  for  the  Nivarro  mi'l,  Men- 
iooioo  county,  and  will  give  an  idea  of  the  size 
o'  some  of  the  timber  cut  in  the  woods  of  that 
egion.  S)me  logs  are  fixated  down  the  river 
taring  the  high-water  eeasoo,  but  a  railroad 
las  b:ea  built  12  or  15  milts  into  the  timber, 
aad  on  this  logs  are  brought  to  tho  mill  near 
she  ocean  at  all  times.  The  engraving  is  made 
lirect  from  a  photographic  negntivf,  so  that  no 
exiggeration  occurs.  Tne  figures  in  the 
picture  will  give  an  opportunity  for  compar- 
ieon  of  siziB  of  log  and  men. 

The  Mechanics'  Institute. — At  a   me'ting 
of  the  Biardof  Trustees  of  the  Mechanics*  la- 


MONO    VOLCANOES. 


BED    OB    SA.EDINE    LAKE,    BLOODY    CA-NYON. 


I 


profusion.  There  were  musk  plaits  and  wild 
onioDf,  scarlet  and  azire  pentstemouB,  gilias 
white,  Gentians  purple,  and  yellow  columbines 
of  the  moat  delicate  texture  and  exquisite 
beauty.  About  one-half  the  way  down  we 
found  wild  currants  and  gooseberries.  Hare 
also  the  first  trees  began  to  appear. 

*'  AFter  we  reach  Moraine  lake,  about  2{i 
miles  below  the  summit,  oar  mountaineering  is 
done.  There  are  no  foothills  beyond  worth 
mentioning.  Our  coarse  now  lies  over  a  burn- 
ing, sandy  plain,  as  much  nnlike  the  verdant 
meadow  at  S  ida  Springs — which  ie  nearly  the 
same  elevation — as  one  can  imagine.  Coarse, 
prickly  plants  of  the  poppy  family,  stnmpy 
wild  plum  bushes  and  sagebrush  characterize 
the  flora. 

"The  road  leading  to  the  lake,  about  six 
miles  distant,  waa  pointed  out.  It  tarned  away 
immediately  from  the  border  of  the  desert  and 
led  out  into  the  alkali  plain.  Looking  back 
toward  the  Sierras,  we  were  impressed  with 
the  general  precipitoas  character  of  the  slope 
facing  us.     It  appeared  very  much  as  if  the 


clear  as  might  b3  the  caae  with  negatives  taken 
ander  more  advantageous  ciroamatancea. — Eds. 
Pkess.] 

"  Aa  we  proceeded  toward  the  lake,  the  beat 
became  more  intense  and  the  alkaline  and  salty 
dust  more  provocative  of  thirst.  Vast  cycles 
of  change  here  preaent  themielvea.  Long  ages 
ago  in  the  history  of  man,  but  very  recently  in 
geological  times,  there  existed  a  fresh-water 
lake  300  oi;  400  Equare  miles  in  area,  into 
which  tbe  glaciers  of  the  eastern  side  of  the 
Sierras  doubtless  discharged  hnge  icebergs. 

"  Later  the  volcanoes  appeared,  and  the 
glaciers  gradually  retreated,  leaving  their  skel- 
eton arms  extending  for  miles  out  into  the 
plain.  The  lake  began  to  shrink  in  size,  and 
this  process  was  marked  by  successive  beach 
lines,  which  are  conspicuous  features  of  tbe 
landscape  to-day.  The  accompanying  cat  shows 
one  of  the  highest,  which  appears  sharply 
marked  against  the  sides  of  the  volcanoes,  over 
600  feet  above  tbe  present  level  of  the  lake. 
After  awhile  the  volcanoes  ceased  to  poor  forth 
their  smoke  and   lava,  but  the  energy  which 


By  long  evaporation  its  water  has  become  so 
alkaline  and  saUy  that  nothing  can  live  in  it, 
except  the  Ian  :)3  of  a  certain  fly,  which  swarm 
in  myriads  along  the  shore.  These,  together 
with  the  teeming  multitudes  of  fully  developed 
flies  which  swarm  on  the  mnddy  andaalt-crnst- 
ed  banks,  give  rise  to  a  disagreeable  suggestion 
of  decay  rather  than  of  growth,  a  feeling  which 
is  not  relieved  by  tbe  natnerous  shrubs  j  ist  off 
shore,  which  have  been  surrounded  by  the 
.alkaline  water,  and  now  lift  their  bleached  and 
motionless  skeletons  as  a  silent  symbol  of 
death. 

•'There  are  flicks  of  birds  of  various  kinds 
attracted  by  the  abundance  of  flies.  But  what  is 
most  striking,  perhaps,  is  the  great  abundance 
of  the  common  sea-gull,  which,  always  consid- 
ered by  us  as  a  scavenger  for  man,  and  always 
associated  with  him,  seems  greatly  out  of  place 
here,  where  the  human  face  is  seen  but 
seldom. 

'*The  preeenoe'of  the  dead  bnshei  off  shore 
presents  a  question  of  considerable  geological 
importance,  which,  owing  to  our  limited  time. 


I  stifcute,  the  Conamlttes  on  Rilas  and  Awards 
I  presented  a  final  revision  of  the  premium  list, 
which  was  ordered  to  be  printed  at  once  for 
distribotioQ.  Tae  various  committees  were  in- 
structed to  begin  active  preparations  for  get- 
ting the  pavilion  In  order,  and  to  push  forward 
all  the  preliminary  work  for  the  exhibition  in 
September.  The  board  authorizsd  Sicretary 
Oulver  to  also  act  as  it?  general  agent  during 
the  illness  of  William  Cimeron,  who  ia  qaite 
sick. 

School  of  Inddstry. — The  State  Pdson  Di- 
rectors have,  after  a  general  dieoussion,  agreed 
to  purchase  the  site  for  the  Preston  School  of 
lodnstry  at  lone,  Amador  county,  from  the 
lone  Iron  and  C Dal  Co.,  and  the  water-iight 
from  B,  and  M.  Isaacs,  provided  the  deeds  asd 
bonds  offered  are  considered  satisfactory  by  the 
attorneys. 

The  Mint  officials  are  preparing  for  the  an- 
nual cleanup  and  refuse  to  take  any  more  crude 
bullion  at  present.  After  the  21  )t  of  the  m  ^nth 
fine  bullion  will  also  be  refused. 


420 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[June  21,  1890 


HXJIVT?I3XrC3^«I?'0  3xr. 

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I^WIII  report  on  the  condition  and  value  of  any  mining  property  on 
the  Pacific  Coast.  Rare  Chemlcala  made  to  order.  InetruotlonB  given  in 
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DEWEY  &  CO.  {"''Si^vifo^.TafroS.'}  PATENT  AGENTS. 


1868. 

Manufacture  commenced  a 
Albany,  Mew  York. 

1876. 

Introduced  by  ua  on  Pdcifio 
Coast. 

1889. 

Cheap  imitations  having  had 
time  to  show  that  they  are  the 
most  expensive  in  the  end,  the 

Sales  of  the  Genuine  Albiny 
Compound  are  Larger  than 
ever  before. 


England,    Belgium, 
France, 

And  other   Foreign  Countries 
are  now  Large  Consumers. 


We   are  also  Sole  Agents  for 
the 

Albany  Cylinder  Oils, 
Albany  Spindle  Oils,  Etc. 


FOR    SALE    ONLY    BY 


TATUM  &  BOWEN 


Sole  Agents  for  the  Pacific  Coast, 

Dealers     in     Improved    Woodworking     Machinery, 

Sawmill  Machinery,  Engines,  Boilers,  Ironworking  Machinery,  Supplies,  Etc, 

Sole  Agents  for  Hoe  Chisel-Tooth  Saw,  Gardner  Governor,  Schultz 
Leather  Belting,  Etc. 

34  AND  36  FREMONT  STREET,  SAN  FRANCISCO. 

85  FRONT  STREET,  PORTLAND,  OR, 


VM 


Daj's  Improved  Quartz  Stamp  Mill. 

This  Mill  is  deafgned  for  the  Prospector,  the  Assayer  and 
Sampler  of  Gold  and  Silver-bearing  rock.  It  is  a  perfect  mill, 
bnilt  eniirely  ot  metals,  and  of  the  best  mechanical  construc- 
tion; will  amaJgamate  perfectly  in  the  battery  or  on  platen. 
It  strikes  a  sharp,  heavy  blow  wifh  a  lighistamp.  Shipping 
weight,  225  lbs.    Price  S75.    Adaress 

ATLAS    IKOf»f    WORKS,  Cor.  Napa  aort    Loni>iiana 
StreotB,  Potrero,  SAN    FRANCISCO,  CAL. 

X.  B.— Chapparejj,,  Bntte  Co..  Cal.,  Nov   10,  JSS9.— Mr,  Jas. 
^     Day,  Chico:    The  little  mill  is  a  daisy:  it  comes  up  to  all  ex- 
pectations; it  works  perfect  in  all  respect-s.    Yours  truly,  ' 
WAI.KER.  Kbese  &  Co.     ■ 


Manufactured  from  strictly  Srst-rliSB  ""lax  and  purelubrlcantfl.  Superior  to  all  others  for  water  and  nteam.  Packa 
with  less  friction  and  makes  a  tiehter  joint  thon  any  other  pack'rg-  made  t^  Imitatioos  of  'njprior  quality  hav- 
inp  been  put  upon  the  market,  we  have  b-  en  compelled  to  adopt  the  above  trade-mark,  and  all  of  our  paokli  g  will 
nrtw  have  a  RED  CORD  running  (hrouph  the  center  its  entire  len^^th.  See  that  you  pet  it  and  take  no  other.  Sold 
bv  all  Hardware  dealers.  Price,  50  cents  per  pound.  W.  T.  Y.  SCHEINCK,  Sole  Manufacturer,  223  and 
224  Market  Streef>  San  fraocisco,  Cal. 


A.   T    I>EWET 

W.  B.  Ewer. 
Geo.  H.  Strong. 


}  Dewey  &  Co.'s  Scientific  Press  Patent  Agency  { 


Established 
1860 


Inventors  on  the  Pacific  Coast  will  find  it  greatly  to  their  advantage  to  consult  this  old,  experienced,  first-class 
Agency.  We  have  able  and  trustworthy  Associates  and  Agents  in  Washington  and  the  capital  cities  of  the  principal 
nations  of  the  world.  In  connection  with  our  et'itorial,  scientific  and  Patent  Law  Library,  and  record  of  original 
cases  in  our  office,  we  have  other  advantages  far  beyond  those  which  can  be  offered  home  inventors  by  other  agencies 
the  information  accumulated  through  long  and  careful  practice  before  the  Office,  and  the  frequent  examination  of 
patents  already  (pranted,  for  the  purpose  of  determining  the  patentability  of  inventions  brought  before  us,  enables 
U8  often  to  give  advlae  which  will  save  Inventors  the  expense  of  applying  for  Patents  upon  inventtons  which  are  not 
few.   Circulars  of  advice  sent  free  on  reoelpb  of  postage.  Address  DBWBY  ft  CO.,  Patent  AgentB,  220  UarketSt|S.F. 


JONR  21,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


421 


AMALGAMATING  MACHINERY. 

stamp  Mills  for  Wet  or  Dry  Crushing. 
Huntington  Centrifugal  Quartz  Mill.  Drying 
Cylinders.  Amalgamating  Pans,  Settlers. 
Agitators  and  Cor.cenlrators.  Retorts.  Bul- 
lion and  Ingot  Moulds,  Conveyors.  Elevators. 
Bruckners  and  Howell's  Improved  While'i 
Roasting  Furnaces,  Etc. 


FRASER  &  CHALMERS, 

MINING  MACHINERY 


IMPROVED  CORLISS  v^l^v^eVV^Im   ENGINES. 


BOILERS 


CONCENTRATING  MACHINERY. 

Blake.  Dodgeand  Comet  Crushers.  Cornish 
Crushing  and  Finishing  Rolls,  Hartz  Plunger 
and  Collom  Jigs.  Frue  Vanner  &  Embrey 
Concentrators.  Evans*.  Calumet,  CoMom's 
and  Rittenger's  Slime  Tables.  Trommels. 
Wire  Cloth  and  Punched  Plates.  Ore  Sam- 
ple Grinders  and  Heberle  Mills. 


HORIZONTAL.    VERTICAL 
.  .  .  AND  SECTIONAL.  .  .  . 


'JtlMCS^S^OVSSK     S'FmA.WK     S^J^SSIPS 


Hoisting  Engines, 
Safety  Cages, 

Safety  Hooks, 

Ore  CARS,  Water  &  Ore 
BUCKETS, 

Air  Conr> pressors, 

Rock  Drills,  Etc. 

GENERAL  MILL  AND 
MINING  SUPPLIES,  ETC. 
Sectional  Machinery 

FOR 

MULE-BACK 

TRANSPORTATION. 


Pumping  Engines 

and  Cornish 

Pumping  Machinery, 

IMPROVED 
WATER    JACKET 

Blast  Furnaces  for 
Galena  &  Copper  Ores, 

SLAG  CARS  AND  POTS, 

Roots  &,  Baker 
Pressure  Blowers, 

SUSPENDED 

TRAMWAYS. 


General  Offices  and  Works:     FULTON  AND  UNION   STS.,  CHICAGO,   iLL. 


BRANCH  OFFICES 

Oalle  de  Juarez. 


NEW  YORK,  Room  43,  No.  2  Waif  St.        DENVER,  COLO.,   1316  Eighteenth  St.       SALT  LAKE  CITY,  UTAH, 
7  W.  Second  South   St..     LONDON,  ENC,  23   Bucklersbury,  E.  C.       CHIHUAHUA  CITY,   MEXICO,  No.  I  I 
LIMA,  PERU,  South  Amerioa.        JOHANNESBURG.  TRANSVAAL,  South  Africa. 

HK1>ENA,  MONTANA,  Uoom  28,  Merchants'  National  Bank  BaildiDg:,  No.  North  Main  St. 
SOLE    WESTERN    AQENT3    FOB    TYLER    WIRE    WORKS    DOUBLE    ORIMPBD    MINING    OLOTBS. 


JAMBS    LBFFBL'S 

Mining  Turbine  Water  Wheel. 

These  Wheels  are  desigmed  for  all  purposes  whore  limited  quantities  of  water  and 
hlph  heads  are  utilized,  and  are  guaranteed  to  give  more  power  with  less  water  than 
any  other  wheel  made.  Being  placed  on  horizontal  shaft,  the  power  is  transmitted 
direct  to  shafting  by  belts,  dispensing  with  gearing. 

Estimates  furnished  on  application  for  wheels  specially  built  and  adapted  in 
capacity  to  suit  any  particular  case. 

Further  information  can  bo  obtained  of  this  form  of  construction,  as  well  as  the 
ordinary  Vertical  Turbines  for  Wooden  Penstocks  and  in  Iron  Qlobe  Cases,  free  of  cost, 
by  applying  to  the  monufacturere. 


JAMES 
Springfield,  Ohio, 


LEFFEL    &    CO.. 

or  110  Liberty  St.,  Hew  York, 


FRASER    &    CHALMERS,  Qeneral  AKects, 

Ohlcago,  111.,  and  Denver,  CoL 

PARKE    At    LACY,  General  Agents,  San  Pranclaco,  CaL 


BOISE  CITY,  CAPITAL  OF  IDAHO. 

HetropoHfi  and  by  provision  of  Constitution  Permanent 
'^apital.  U'iu<4uU  opportunities  for  invebtment  and 
business.  Capi^-al  needed.  Morttraues  net  10  per  cent. 
Haw  milla,  brick  kilne,  woolen  milla,  iron  works  wanted, 
Unl  mited  water  power.  Best  sTiiety,  schools  chu  ches. 
r'er/ect  t  I'mate.  Stock  ^rowora'  paradlpo.  Free  G"v- 
erutnent  Land.  Or  nt  grain,  fruit  and  vegbtahle 
country.  Flelrf  crops  net  $25  p  -r  acre.  Idaho,  "  Gem  of 
the  Mountains,"  will  soon  be  a  State.  Third  in  precious 
minerals.  Output  last  year,  $17,000,000.00.  C(  mhine 
busintsB  with  pleasure  and  visit  us.     Excursion  rates. 

IDAHO,    "GEM   OF  THE   MOUNTAINS." 

Idaho's  rnpid  increase  in  late  years  in  niin*>ral  pro- 
duction is  duo  to  the  sciebtific  methods  formed  by  capital 
and  lunff  experience.  There  is  Uri;e  opportunity 
tbrouehout  tlie  mining  districts  of  Idaho  to  develop 
niincB  with  almost  the  certain'y  of  large  profits.  Gold 
bullion  is  cashed  at  the  Oovernmtnt  assay  offlf^e  in  Boisa 
City.  At  th«  same  t'nie  no  mining  field  offers  n  ore 
att  a'"tive  inducements  to  the  hardy  miner  whose  capital 
lies  chiifl*- In  his  txpeiience  and  in  his  pick.  Full  and 
omidete  informafioh  concerning  Idaho  mines  will  be 
mailed  on  application. 

IRRIGATING    CANALS. 

Another  great  opportunity  for  capital  in  Idalio  Is  in 
large  irrigation  eoteipri-es.  Frojectsare  on  foot  to  re- 
c'aim  several  hundred  thousand  acres,  but  there  is  room 
for  manv  other  Buch  prrjects.  Idaho  has  abundance  of 
water,  and  the  profits,  of  irrigation  are  large  and  sure. 

For  further  details  address 

Boise  City,  Idaho. 


LIDGERWOOD  MFG.  CO., 


-  MANUFACIUKERS  OP- 


HOISTING  ENGINES 


^..^    300  StrleuDl  Sizes,  over  6000  in  Use, 

^,  9G  Liberty  St  ,  New  Yor'r. 

\    34  &  36  West  ftfonroeSt  .ObUaeo, 
)       1U7  to303Coogre8dSt.,Bo8CaD. 


PARKE  &  LACY  CO., 

Arents, 
SAN  FRANCISCO.  CALIFORNIA  ^ 

Send  for  CataIoy:ue. 


ADAMANTINE  SHOES  &  DIES 

FOR    STAMP    MILLS. 

The^e  SHOKS  and  T>TES  are  in  extensive  use  in  all  the  mining  States  and 
Territories  of  North  and  South  America.  Guaranteed  to  i-rove  better  and  cheaper 
thai'  any  othtra.  Orders  solicited,  subject  to  above 
conditions. 

— jrANL'FACTURED    BY— 

CHROME  STEEL  WORKS,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 
H.  D.  MORRIS,  Agent, 

HZO  Fromont  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


lllSllilil 


Spec'al  attention  (riven  to  the  purchase  of  Mine  and  Mill  buppliee. 


THE  RUSSELL  PROCESS. 

For  i"formation  corrernlne  this  process  for  the  re- 
duction of  ures  containing  precious  metals,  and  terms 
of  license,  apply  to 

THE     RUSSELti    PROCESS    CO., 

Ne"w  Haven,  Conn. 


I 


©Complete  Steam  Pump, 

1  10  Sizes  from$7t»I75^ 


THOMAS  PRICE  &  SON, 

Assay  OflQce,  Chemical  Laboratory, 

BULLION  ROOMS  and  ORE  FLOORS, 

524  Sacramento  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

COIN  RETURNS  ON  ALL  BULLION  DEPOSITS  IN  24  HOURS. 

WORKING    TESTS    OF    ORES    BY    ALL    PROCESSES. 

SPECIAL  ATTENTION  PAID  TO  CONCENTRATION  OF  ORES. 

Ores  Received  on  Oonsignment,  Sampled,  Assayed,  and  Disposed 
of  in  tbe  Open  Market  to  the  Highest  Bidder. 


fUetalliirgy  apd  Ore3. 


SELBY 

SMELTING  and  LEAD  CO.. 

416  Montgomery  St.,  San  Francisco. 

GOLD    AND    SILVER    REFINERY 
And  Assay  Office. 

Highest  Prices  Paid  for  Gold,  Silver  and 
Lead  Ores  and  Solphoreti. 

luHurACruKuus  »' 

BLUESTONE, 

LEAD  PIPE, 

SHEET  LEAD, 

SHOT,  Etc.,  Etc. 

AL80  MANUyAOTURRIU    OK 

Standard    Shot-Gun    Cartridges, 

Under  Chamberlin  PateoL 


JOHN  TAYLOR  &  CO.. 

IUPCRT8KB   AST)   DBALSRS   IH 

ASSAYERS'    MATERIALS,     MINE 
AND  MILL  SUPPLIES, 

ALSO  CHEMICALS,   AND    PHYSICAL,  SCHOOL    AND 

CHEMICAL  APPARATUS. 
6n  A  65  First  St.,  cor.  Mlssion.SaD  FrancUco. 

Cy-rs^  We  would  call  the  attention  of  ^j5=:=5;^ 
Assayers,  ChemiatB,  Mining  Com-  ^^^^iP^Sir?/ 
panics.  Milling  Companies,  Pros-  ^Sfii^TERS^"^ 
pectors,  etc.,  to  our  full  stock  of  \~^z::::^ 
Balances,  Furnaces,  MufDes,  Crucibles,  Soori- 
flerfl,  etc,  inoladlng,  also,  a  full  stock  of 
Chemicals. 

Having  heen  engaged  In  furnishing  these  sup- 
plies sinot  the  Srst  discovery  of  mines  on  the 
PaciQc  Coast,  we  feel  coDfldent  from  our  experi- 
ence we  can  well  suit  the  demand  (or  these 
goods,  both  as  to  quality  and  price. 
Agents  for  the  Morg^an  Crucible  Co., 
^3^  Battersca,  England.  Also  for  K.  G.  Dennis- 
ton's  Silver  Plated  Amalgam  Plates.  The  plates 
of  this  well-knovs-n  manufacturer  are  thoroughly  relia- 
ble, and  full  weight  of  Silver  guaranteed.  Ordeis  taken 
at  his  lowest  prices.  Our  Illustrated  Catalogue  and  As 
say  Tables  sent  free  on  application, 

JOHN  TAYLOR  ft  OO. 


Nevada  Metallurgical  Works. 

NO.  28  STEVENSON  STREET. 

Near  First  and  Market  Streets,  S.  F. 

C.  A.  LooKHAiiDT,  Manager.  Estabushbd  1800. 

Ores  worked  by  any  FrooesB. 
Ores  Sampled. 

Assaying  in  all  its  Branches, 
Analyses  of  Ores,  Minerals,  Waters,  eto. 
Working  Teats  (practical)  Made. 
Flans  and   Specifications  furnished  for  tbe 
moat  suitable  Proceas  for  Working  Ores, 

Special  attention  paid   to  Examinations  of 
Minea;  Plans  and  Exports  furnished. 

O.  A.  LUCKHARDT  &  0O.« 
(Formerly  Huhn  &  Luokhardt, 
Mlnlxur  Engineers  and  MetallnrsrletB 


GREAT    REDUCTION! 

BATTERY     SCREENS. 

Best  and  Cheapest  In  America. 

Ho  imitation,  no  deception,  no  planished  or  rotten 
iron  used.  Only  genuine  Russia  iron  in  Quartz  Screens. 
Planished  iron  si;reens  at  nearly  half  my  former  rates. 

I  hate  a  large  supply  of  Battery  Screens  on  hand 
suitable  for  the  Huntington  and  all  Stamp  Mills,  which  I 
will  sell  at  '20  per  oent  iliscount. 


PERFORATED  SHEET  METAL 

For  Flour  and  Rice  Mills,  Grain  Separators,  Revolving 
and  Shot  Screens,  Stamp  Batteries  and  all  kinds  of  Min 
Ing  and  Milling  Machinery,  Iron,  Steel,  Copper,  Braes. 
Zinc  and  other  metala  punched  for  all  uses. 

Inventor  and  Manufacturer  of  the  celebrated  Slot  Cut 
or  burred  and  Slot  Punched  Screens. 

Mining  Screens  a  specialty,  from  No.  1  to  15  (fine). 
Orders  promptly  attended  to. 

San  Francisco  Pioneer  Screen  Works, 

221  &  223  First  St^  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

JOHX  W.  QUICK,  Proprietor. 


WINCHESTER  HOUSE, 


41  Tliird  Street, 


San  Francisco,  Cal, 


Thia  Fireproof  Brii-k  Building  is  ceuirally  located,  ID 
the  liealthieat  part  of  ttie  city,  only  a  balf  block  from  tlie 
Graud  and  Palace  Hotels,  and  close  to  all  Steamboat  and 
Railroad  OIBcea. 

Laund  ry  Free  for  the  use  of  PamilieB. 

BOX  AND  COI.D  BATHS  FK£E, 


Terms,  Board  and  Room,  $1.00  per  Day 

And  Upward. 

Eooms  with  or  withont  Board. 

Free  Coach  to  the  Houte 


422 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[June  21,  1890 


n^AF^KET   JXEPOF^TS. 


Local  Markets. 

San  Francisco,  June  19,  1890. 
Distributive  trade  continues  fair   lor    the   season. 
Among    wholesale    merchants    and    manufacturers 
there  is  still  more  or  less  uneasiness,  owing  to  tariff 
tinkering. 

The  iron-molders'  strike  can  virtually  be  consid- 
ered a  thing  of  the  past,  for  the  foundrymen  hav« 
about  all  the  men  required  to  turn  out  their'  work 
satisfactorily. 

Money  is  fairly  easy  in  some  quarters,  but  close 
in  others.  Silver  legislation  will  have  considerable 
to  do  with  the  oiark'it  both  on  this  coast  and  at  the 
Eist.  The  quarterly  and  semi-annual  interest  and 
dividends  will  be  disbursed  next  month,  and  to 
make  provision  for  their  payment  is  one  source  of 
the  close  money  market. 

MEXICAN  DOLLARS— The  market  has  ruled 
strong.  The  demand  is  only  fair,  but  the  holding 
is  strong.     The  market  is  quotable  at  82j^@83c. 

SILVER— The  mirket  strengthened  some  under 
a  report  that  the  Sinate  would  act  favorably  on  the 
silver  question,  but  with  that  body  parsing  a  free 
coinage  bill,  the  price  set  back  in  London.  The 
shading  in  price  was  due  to  the  Senate  passing  a 
free  coinige  bill,  which  President  H  irnson  has  ex- 
pressed a  determiaation  to  veto.  The  Senate  bill 
will  have  to  go  to  the  House  for  concurrence,  but 
failing  to  agree  upon  it,  then  a  conference  will  be 
had  and  a  bill  h±  agreed  upon.  The  market,  lo- 
cally, his  held  stron?  at  mint  prices  throughout  the 
week,  with  light  off;rings.  Exporters  are  not  in 
the  markr-t. 

The  locil  market  has  he'd  strong  throughout  the 
week.  At  one  time  as  high  as  $t.o6J^  wa^  oaid  by 
the  mint.  The  mark-^t  closed  at  $1  c6@r.o6;^. 
Londm  cibles  came  through  to-day  at  48^d,  and 
New  York  at  $r  04!^. 

QUICKSILVER— Receipts  the  past  week  ag- 
gregate 142  fiisks.  Un  the  nth,  250  flasks  came 
to  hand  by  ovdrland  railroai.  The  mirket  is  ex- 
ceedingly strong  under  light  supplies  and  a  good 
d-'mand.  Exports  by  sea  last  week  aggregate  40 
i\a.-k-i  to  Mexico. 

AN  riMONY— The  mirket  shows  a  strong  tone. 
The  demand  continues  active. 

BORAK— There  was  shipped  overland  in  last 
raonih  10,804  ctls.  The  market  is  eisy  but  no 
lower.  Lirg-^  buyers  report  that  they  are  able  to 
secure  concessions. 

LIME  —  Receipts  the  past  week  aggregite 
5075  bbls.  Thi  mirket  is  fairly  steady.  The  con- 
sumption is  said  to  be  less  than  it  was  in  this  month 
last  year, 

LEAD— There  was  shipped  to  New  York  the 
past  week  50.000  lb;,  white  lead.  The  mirket 
for  pig  lead  is  very  strong,  with  an  advance  obtain- 
able. E  I >tern  advices  report  an  active  consump- 
tive demand,  which  causes  a  strong  market  at  bel- 
ter prices  under  firm  holding. 

TIN — The  market  for  p'g  shows  another  ad- 
vince,  plate  is  also  stronger.  The  consumption  on 
this  coabt  ii  fu'ly  up  to  lormer  seasons,  whxh  is 
C'lnt  ary  to  the  expressed  opinion  made  early  in 
tlie  year.  The  mirkeis  at  the  East  and  also  abroad 
are  strong  ai  higher  prices,  due  more  to  speculation 
than  from  any  other  ciuse,  a  ihuugh  the  statistical 
pjsitior  is  strong. 

COPPER  —  The  mirket  is  strong  nt  higher 
prices.  The  consumption  is  largely  m  txciss  of 
the  production.  London  dispatc  les  under  date  of 
June  nth,  to  the  /ro/i  Age,  repart  thit  market  as 
foiows:  "  in  the  spi  c  lUiivf^  tiranch  uf  the  copper 
ma  kei  there  w^s  a  great  rush  to  buy  bus  after  the 
rcac  ion  from  ,^54,  -mi  under  that  demand  prices 
rap  d'v  adv  inc-d  to /^58  125.  6d.,  ov^r  3")qo  tons 
ch  nging  hands.  'I  ii..re  is  grr-at  confidence  in  the 
future  ot  the  m-td  amorg  the  large  operators,  and 
it  is  predicted  that  there  will  b-  a  ris^  to  £60 
shortly.  French  ho'ders  fi  id  no  difficulty  in  gtt- 
tiotj  rid  of  any  qumtity.  To  what  exient  they 
hav(;  availed  themstlves  of  the  fivotabld  circum 
5tinc>^s  dofs  nut  appear  to  be  known."  There 
wis  shipped  by  overland  railroad  in  la^t  month 
2036  Ibs'.  capper  cement. 

IRON— The  mirket  is  easier  under  liberal  sup 
plied.  The  local  cmsumptii  n  is  increasing,  but 
loA'er  cuward  fieights  (rrm  Englnnd  and  low 
mirkets  there  are  against  sellers  here.  At  the 
E  ist  the  mark-et  shows  a  strorger  tone,  with  a  slight 
advance  report<  d  at  some  points.  Imports  the 
past  week  aggregate  705  tons  from  Cardiff. 

CO.\L  -Imports  the  p  'St  week  aggregate  as  fol- 
lows: Cardiff,  433  tons;  biltimore,  2170;  Niw  York, 
(^gg  coil)  155;  Coos  Bay,  400;  Nanaimo,  1300; 
Departure  Biy,  2350;  S  tattle,  3935;  Tacoma,  4000. 
Total  15,340  tons.  For  loading  or  on  passage, 
Cumberland  is  lower.  Steam  coals  are  easier. 
For  spot  the  market  is  reported  fairly  firm  for 
steam,  but  wet-k  for  household  coals.  The  stock 
being  carried  is  sa'd  not  to  be  large,  owing  to  large 
consumers  and  dealers  not  believing  in  higher 
prices.  They  claim  that  with  a  large  wheat  sur- 
plus and  silver  higher  ships  will  be  attracted  to 
this  port  owing  to  good  charters.  The  higher  silver 
goes,  the  less  able  will  be  India  and  Russia  to 
ship  wheat  except  at  higher  prices  laid  down  in 
England. 

Eastern  Metal  Markets. 

By  Telegraph. 

New  Vork,  Jane  IS.— The  following  are  the  clieing- 
pricoB  the  past  week: 

Silver  in    Silver  in 

London.  New  York.  Copper.      Lead.        Tin. 
ThufBday..  .48  1  04  $15  8 )       $4  40       S2l  60 

Friday 47J  1  04i  15  SO         4  40         2t  66 

Sal;urday....47J  104^  35  90         4  35         2146 

Monday 48J  105  16  00  4  40         2140 

Tuesday 4^J  1  04|  16  10  4  46  21  75 

Wedne8<lav..48i  1  05  IC  25         4  47i        21  80 

Nkw  Yokk,  June  18.- Copper  ia  very  strone  at  higher 
Ggafea  and  still  tending  up  und  t  a  good  demand  and 
small  availible  BupjUes.  Load  and  tin  follow  in  cop- 
per'd  wake  and  score  an  advaoca,  closing;  Btrong.  Iron 
id  firm. 

A  BILL  has  beau  iatrodaoed  in  Gongreae  to 
ealarge  the  meltiag  and  refioing  department  of 
the  Ciraoa  Mint,  so  as  to  double  ite  present 
papacity. 


ai4  BO 


San  Francisco  Metal  Market. 

WHOLESALE. 

THUE3DAT,  June  19,  1890. 

AlfTrHQNY 21@       2li 

Borax— Refined,  in  carload  lota 8@     — 

Powdered            "         "       "    8  @     — 

CoDceotrated      "         "        "    7i@     — 

All  grades  jobbing  at  an  advance. 

COPPEE— 

Bolt 23 

Sheathing 

Ingot,  jobbing 30  _ 

do,  wbaiesale 17  @ 

Fire  Box  Sheets 23  fa> 

Lead— Pig 

Bar £* 

Sheet 7 

Pipe 6 

Shot,  discount  10%  on  500  bags     Drop,  ^  bag.  1  55 

Buck,  ^  bag I  75 

OhiUed.  do 195 

Coke    Ene-,  ton,  spot,  in  blk 13  50 

Do,  do,  to  I'jad 12  00  @1.'  du 

QoiOKSiLVEB- BytheUaak. 58  00  (a59  00 

Flasks,  new @      — 

Flaaks,  old    35® 

TiNPLATE~B.  v.,  steel  grade.  14x20,  to  arrive.  —  &     — 

B.  v.,  steel  grat'e,  14s20,  spot 4  75  @     — 

(Jharcoal,  14x20 6  75  (a  7  00 

do  roofing,  14x20 6  00  @     — 

tio,  do.  20s28 12  00  @      — 

Pig  tin,  spot,  ^  a lil  @     2U 

Chrome  Iron  Ore,  ^  ton 10  ^0(d 

Iron— Bar,  base 3@       Si 

Norway,  base i^        Bi 

S  KEL— EngUsh,  fti 16  ti? 

Canton  tool 9  @ 

Black  Diamond  too] 9  @ 

Pick  and  Hammer S  ® 

Machinery 4  @ 

Toe  Calk 4i® 

Spot,  To  ] 

fRON— Glengarnock  ton 34  OO  (g 33  ( 

Eglinton.ton 34  00^ 30  C 

American  Soft,  No.  1,  ton.. @32  00  30  C 

Oregon  Pig,  ton -  —  @33  00  —  (j 

Puget  Sound 34  00  @ —  (i 

Cljy  Lane  White —   -{(■28  00 

ahott3,  No.  1 34  00  «i35  00 

Bar  Iron  (base  price)  ^  lb...      —@     — 

Langloan     34  00  @ 

ThovuclifEe 34  OK  @ 

Gartsherrie 34  00  (5) 

Barrow 34  00  @ 

Thomas 33  00  @ 

CargoHeet 30  00  @ 


32i@ 


32i@- 
33  na  - 
32i@  - 


Lumber. 


Pine.  Fir  and  Spruce. 

RRTAIL. 

Rough  Pine,  merchantable,  40  ft S?0  00 

41  to  60  (t 21  00 

61  tofloft 23  00 

6lto70ft 27  00 

1x3,  fencing 22  00 

1x4,       "       21  00 

1x3,  1x4  and  1x6,  odd  lengths 19  00 

Second  quality 17  00 

Selected 24  00 

Clear,  except  for  flooring 31  00 

( lear  for  flooring 2  00 

Clear  V.  G.  No.  1  flooring 6  00 

Firewood 14  00 

Dressed  Pine,  floooring,  No.  1, 1x6. . .  32  00 

No.  1,1x4 34  00 

No.  1,  1^x4,  1^x6,  and  odd  sizes 37  00 

All  sizes,  No,  2 27  00 

Stepping,  No.  I  44  00 

Step  iog.  No.  2 34  00 

Ship  timber  and  plank,  rouErh 27  00 

SeleiJted.  planed  1  side,  av"j;e  40  ft. .  29  00 

"            "       2  "          "       "  "  ..  31  00 

..            I,       3  ..          <.       '.  <.  33  00 

i<            ••       4    .<          M       '•  •'    _  35  00 

Def  k  plank,  rou^h,  average  35  ft 36  00 

Dre'ised,  av  rage  35  Icet 40  00 

Pickets,  rough ,  B    M 20  00 

4xU,  4  ft  loi.tr.  ^  M 6  60 

Coal. 


JOBBING. 

S17  0( 

IS   0( 

20  OC 

21  (K 

19  OC 

JS  OC 

16  OC 

16  OC 

22  OC 

28  OU 

'io'oo 

29  00 

30  00 

33  00 

24  00 

35  OC 

25  00 

IS  00 

2t  00 

26  00 

28  00 

30  00 

32  or 

36  60 

16  00 

6  10 

TO   LOAl>. 

Per  Ton.  1  Per  Ton. 

Australian...     7  25  @7  37i|Lehigh  Lump..  16  50@17  00 

Liverpool St'ni     7  75  @ Cumberland  bk  13  50@ 

Scotch  Splint.     S  0  I  (3)  8  25  E4,'g,  hard 16  00@ 

Cardiff S  50  @ 1 

SPOT    FROM   YARD. 


Wellington §  9  OU 

Greta     8  00 

Westminster  Brymbo.     9  00 

Nanaimo 9  00 

Sidney 8  tin 

Oilman ,.     6  50 


Statile 6  50 

Odos  Bay 6  00 

•anoel 12  00 

Egg,  hard 16  00 

Cumberland,  (u  sacks  15  00 
bulk      14  00 


CANADIAN    ANTHRACITE   COAL. 

Fgg,  ship  si  le §12  5- iStovi-,  jt.rd $15  00 

Ej^.yard 15  1  ol Nut,  yard 15  tO 


New  Incorporations. 

The  following  conipinies  have  been  incorporated, 
and  papers  filed  in  iW.  rffice  of  the  Superior  Court, 
D  partment  10,  Sin   Francisco; 

The  Round  the-World  Whispering  Tele- 
phone Co.  OF  California,  June  13.  Capi  al 
stock,  $5,000,000.  Directors— A.  P.  B  ayton,  E 
T.  Steen,  Alvan  D,  B-ock,  Jihn  H.  Reds'one  of 
San  Francisco  and  J.  J.  Martin  ot.  Visalia.  The 
tel^-phone  is  the  invention  of  J.  A.   Christie. 

Peoples  Lab  )K-Saving  &.  Manufacturing 
Co..  June  13.  Object,  to  deal  in  patents  and 
manutaclure  useful  commodities.  Capital  stock, 
$  oo,coj.  Directors— E.  Sinter,  S.  P.  Paige,  J.  G. 
Hurley,  J.  G.  Berdon  and  E.  A.   Randlett. 

Sterling  Manufacturing  Co.,  June  16.  Ob- 
ject, to  manufacture  furniture.  Capital  slock,  $7^,- 
000.  Directors,  H.  A,  Moore.  G.  F.  Clifford,  L.  T. 
Haskell,  C.  W.  Gilbert  and  E.  A.  Moore. 

Mountain  Ice  Co.,  June  17.  Capital  stock. 
$100,000.  Directors,  A.  Rixom,  W.  M.  Merles,  E. 
Knickerbocker.  S.  D.  Smith  and  J.  Martin. 

American  Press  Association  of  California, 
June  17.  Object,  to  do  a  general  printing  and  pub- 
lishing business  in  this  city.  Capital  stock,  $[o,ooo. 
Directors,  O.  J.  Smith,  G.  Cummings,  W.  G. 
Weaver  and  F.  M.  Jones. 

Macato  G.  M.  Co.,  June  18.  Cao'tal  stock, 
$100, coo.  Directors,  Henry  Pilster,  H.  Williamson, 
D.  I.  Holling,  F.  F.  Bennett  and  D.  Gutman. 

Pacific  Oil  and  Land  Co.,  June  i8.  CipJtal 
stock,  $10,000,000.  Directors.  R.  K.  Allen,  Alex- 
ander Bidlam,  A.  F.  Badiam,  A.  W.  Robinson  and 
C.  D.  Allen. 

West  Oakland  Mutual  Loan  Association. 
Capital  stock,  $600,000.  Directors,  E.  T.  Taylor, 
N.  Grambini,  W.  Wagner,  C.  A.  Mahn,  Jeremiah 
Johnson,  Geo.  Pettit,  E.  F.  Minaford,  G.  W. 
Drake  and  H.  W.  Fassett. 


Oiir  Eascern  Representative. 
Mr.  L.   Cass  Brown    is    our    editorial    corre- 
spondent and  special   representative  east    of    the 
Rocky  mountains.      Local  address,    Des    Moines, 
Iowa. 


MINING    SHAREHOLDERS'    DIRECTORY. 

COUPILBD   BVERT   TUURflDAY    FROM   ADVHRTISKMENTS   IK   TUB   MlKINQ  AND  SCIBNTIFIC   PRESS   AKD   OTUBR   3.  F.    JOURNALS 

ASSESSMENTS. 
COMP^NT.  Location.  No.  Am't.  Levied. 


Acme  M  &  M  Co California..  10 

Eelcher  M  Co Nevada.. 39. 

Be8t&  Belcher  M  Co Nevada.. 46. 

Bodie  Tunnel  Co California.. 16. 

Bodie  Cons  M  Co Calitoinia..l2, 

Crocker  M  Co Arizona..  9. 

Cballeuge  Cnns  M  Co Ne>aia,.  6. 

Confideace  S  M  Co Nevada..  1*5., 

Cons  New  York  M  Co Nevada. 

Found  Treasure  M  Co Nevada . 

Gould  k  Curry  M  Co Nevada. 

Gray  Eagle  M  Co California. 

Holmes  M  Co Nevada. 

Kentuck  MCo Nevada. 

Loconioiive  M  Co Arizona. 

Mexican  M  Co Nevada, 

Mayfl  )wei-  Gravel  M  Co California.  .47. . 

MorniueStar  Cons  M  Co Arizona..  1. 

North  C ommowealth  M  Co Nevada.,  i. 

Occdental  ■  :on  M  Co Nevada,.  B. 

Seg  telcherA  Midea  Cons  MCo. Nevada..  6, 

f-ierra  Nevada  M  Co Nevada, 

Silver  King  M  Co Arizoua, 

Standard  Cotis  M.  Co California, 

True  Cons  M  Co Cahfornia. 


..July  25.. 


6 

?.■; 

M 

:«i 

M   . 

18.. 

v« 

•a 

»i 

■1.. 

h 

m.. 

'Jb 

,,97.. 
.  3.. 
,.  3.. 


3.. Mar  20. 
50. .Apr  29.. 
25.. May  17. 
25. .May  21 
25..  June  16. 
15..  June  16. 
50. .May  14....Jun  17. 
75. .May  ia....Jun  13.. 
15. .May  22. ...June  26. 

May  2-2. ...June  27. 

.Apr  28. ...June  3. 

.May  l,...JuneliJ. 

.May  li\ Jun  24. 

Apr  29.... June  3. 

Map    1 Jun    4. 

?5,.May  13.. ..Jun  IS, 
30. .June  7.. ..July  10, 
2..A{i-3il.      "'      ~- 
25..  Apr  16, 
25.. Apr  28. 
30. .May  5.... June  9, 
50. .May  10.. ..Jun  12, 
"      June  9.... July  17 


Dhlinq't.     Sale.     Skoretary.  Place  of  Bdbinbss. 

.June  2...  June  23.,  J  M  Buffington 303  California  St 

.June  3. . .  .Jun  24.  .0  L  Perkins .329  Pine  St 

,. Jun  17.... July  8..LO^boni 309  Montgomery  St 

.June  25....July  16.. CC  Harvey SW  California  St 

July  22. ...Aug  22. .B.  L,  Burling 309  Montgomery  St 

.Aug25..N  T  Messer  309  Mout^omery  St 

July  8..CL  McCoy 329  Pine  St 

July  2.  .A  &  Grotb 414  California  St 

.July  17..  CE  Elliott 309  Montgomery  St 

July  18..SStadfeld.  Jr 309  Montgomery  St 

. .  Jun  26 , .  A  K  Durbim 309  Montgomery  8t 

..Juu6  30..J  M  EuftinBton 3l'3  California  St 

..July  15.. O  E  Elliott 309  Montgomery  St 

..Jun  24..J  WPew 310  Pine  St 

...Jun23..AHFi-h 309  Montgomery  St 

..  July  9..CE  Elliott 3P9  Montgomery  St 

.July  31.. J  Mo  izio ,.328  Montgomery  St 

May  31.... Jim  21.. I  W  Nowlin 230  Montgoi  ery  Sc 

.May  21...  June  25.  .J  W  Pew 310  Piue  St 

June  e...  Jun  30.. A  K  Durbim 309  Montgomery  St 

.June  30.  ,E  B  Holmea 309  Montgomery  St 

..July  2..EL  Parker 309  Montnomery  St 

.  A.U?  11..  A  Waterman 3J9  Montgomery  St 

Aug  14.,J  WPew 310  Pine  St 

'      -"'"--  434  oalifornia  St 


June  2. ...July  15, 

May  26. ...July  21....f-ept  15.. J  C  Bates...; 
MBETINGS  TO  BE  HBILD. 

NaMT?  or  OoMTAWV  LftOATION.     SECRETARY  OfFTOE  IN  8.  F  MKETTWO  D«E 

Carmelo  Land  and  Coal  Co Calif oruia-.W  T  Baggett 415  Montgomery  St Annual July  21 

North  Eelle  lale  M  Co Nevada..  J  WVew 310  Pine  St  Annual June  25 

LATEST  DIVIDENDS— WITHIN  THREE  MONTHS. 

Namb  of  Compant.  Location.      Secretary.  Office  in  S.  F      •  Amount.  Patablk 

Champion  M  Co California,. T "Wetzel". 522  Montgomery  Si; 10 Jan  20 

Candelaria  Cons  M  Co Mexico..G  Gato 309  Montgomery  St 25 Apr  5 

Caledonia  M  C Nevada.. AS  Cheminant 328  Montgomery  St 08 May  15 

Con  CaUfomia &  Va  M  fo Nevada.. A  W  Havens 309  Montgomery  St 25 Feb  10 

Derbec  Blue  Grav.  1  M  Co California.  .T  Wetzel 522  Montgomery  St 10 Apr  24 

Idaho  M  Co California Grass  Valley 2  50 Mar  7 

Mt  Diablo  M  Co     Nevada.  .R  Heath 319  Pine  St 30 Oct2t 

Pacific  dorax  Salt  &  Soda  Co.  ..California,  .A  H  Clough 230 Montgom-ry  St 1  OU June  10 


Mining  Share  Market. 

The  market  the  forepart  of  the  week  under  review 
ru'ed  weak  and  heavy  under  cross  orders  and  re- 
ported unfavorable  news  from  the  mines.  With 
more  unfavorable  'advices  received  op  Monday, 
PotOii  broke  under  a  b?ar  raid  to  $5.25,  and  Bullion 
to  $2  6^,  which  had  a  bid  eff  ct  on  the  remainder 
of  the  mirket,  excepting  Savage,  which  jump'^d  up 
about  $2  a  share,  selling  at  one  time  after  the  regular 
call  at  $4.75  a  share.  The  advance  in  the  latter  was 
based  on  an  improvement  in  the  mine.  It  may  be 
that  the  minagers  have  determined  to  show  up 
something  in  the  mine  so  as  to  retain  their  lucrative 
positions,  for  the  annual  election  takes  place  next 
month.  If  they  do  not  show  up  something  big, 
they  may  show  enough  to  make  a  stir  in  the 
slock  by  which  they  will  keep  contol  of  the 
mine.  Savage  b  gan  to  set  back  when  Potosi 
and  Bullion  came  to  the  front.  These  two  litter 
held  st-^ong  at  slight'y  advancing  prices  up  to 
Wednesday,  when,  alter  the  regular  Call,  a  jamp 
of  $2  a  share  was  made  in  the  former.  This  move 
took  the  shorts  by  surprise  and  caused  some  lively 
moves  to  fi  1.  I'his  morning  an  att*  nipt  was 
made  to  raid  the  stock,  tut  it  p'-oved  futile,  for 
the  pool  took  every  share,  and,  atter  call,  advancid 
Potosi  to  $to  and  Bullion  to  $4  50.  The  market 
is  in  a  very  d  ingerous  position  lur  outside  operat- 
ors, for  at  any  moment  the  two  leaders  may  be 
cut  in  two.  provided  the  j-hirts  fill  and  large  lines 
ot  other  stocks  are  sold  out.  So  f-^r  there  is  noth- 
ing on  merit  to  warrant  present  high  prices.  It  is 
pure  unadulterattd  manipulation,  and  the  bubble 
IS  likely  to  burst  at  any  fme.  although  before 
breaking  they  may  go  some  higher. 

In  ou'side  stocks,  tradmg  was  fairly  active  in  the 
TuscaroriS,  wiili  B-lIe  1  le  taking  the  lead  on  re- 
poited  ore  dt.velopmeni.  Weldon.  Cenlral,  Crocker, 
P.;i  r  and  Pe 'rless  of  the  Qujotoas  w^re  dull.  Budie 
was  a-sess-*d,  which  broke  ihe  stock  1050  cents. 

W  e  are  reliably  inform*  d  that  the  su  t  brought  by 
the  South' rn  N-vada  Mining  Co.  against  the 
Holmes  Mming  Co.  is  to  be  vigorously  prosecuted 
ihe  suit  was  brought  to  recov  r  $2,000,000  dam- 
ages for  oie  that  the  former  company  claimed  was 
liiken  cut  ol  their  ground  by  the  l,itt»r.  In  a  contest 
before  Jui^ge  Sawyer  Jor  title  to  the  grc  und  in  ques- 
tion, the  case  was  decided  again?!  the  Holmes  Min- 
ing Co.  in  fiviirof  the  Sjuth-rn  N  v.ida  Mii  ing  Co. 

R  1  able  private  n-  ws  irora  the  Comsioc  mines  is 
very  hard  10  get,  which  cau->es  many  to  beli  ve  that 
l^e^e  is  much  that  the  managers  do  not  wish  10 
leik  out.  Be  that  as  it  may,  wt-  can  afifi'm  without 
hesitation  that  it  will  lake  sfvril  months,  and  as- 
sessments too,  to  get  the  mines  in  position  to  show 
up  any  large  body  of  ore.  A  number  of  drills  and 
crosscuts  w  ill  have  to  be  run,  besides  raises  and 
winzts  to  be  used  for  connect  00  for  air  and  al  o  to 
guard  ngainst  being  drowned  out  by  water,  for 
which  t^e  west  country  is  famous.  Any  old  and 
experienced  miner  ^knows  this.  But  while  say- 
\nn  this,  we  can  a'so  state  that  well-informed  miners 
affirm  without  hesitation  that  the  present  bullion- 
producing  mines,  if  properly  managed,  should  be 
paying  dividends.  Advices  trom  Savage  report  that 
in  the  1300  Hale  and  Norcross  north  drift  they  are  in 
ore  that  assays  from  $40  to  $60  a  ton.  In  running 
this  drift  through  the  Savage  ground  it  should  make 
that  stock  a  lively  gamble.  In  the  Potosi  winze  it  is 
reported  that  they  have  cut  out  a  station  and  are 
running  a  south  drift  toward  Bullion.  At  last  ad- 
vices it  was  in  ore.  This  drift  will  make  connection 
with  the  drift  run  west  from  the  Ward  shaft,  and 
also  with  the  Yellow  Jacket  north  lateral  drift. 
Reports  are  current  of  an  improvement  in  both  B;st 
and  Belcher  and  Gould  and  Curry,  Official  letters 
from  Hale  and  Norcross,  and  also  Belcher,  show 
more  prospecting  work  than  for  a  long  time  past. 
The  cfficial  letters  received  yesterday  from  Con. 
Imperial,  Confidence,  Challenge,  Seg.  Belcher  and 
Savage  are  of  a  favorable  character. 


Complimentary  Samples. 

Persona  receiving  this  paper  marked  are  re* 
C[nested  to  examine  its  contents,  terms  of  sab 
Bcriptioni  and  give  it  their  own  patronage,  and, 
as  far  as  practicable,  aid  in  circulating  the 
joarnal,  and  making  its  value  more  widely 
known  to  others,  and  extending  its  influence  in 
the  cause  it  faithfully  serves.  Sabscriptioo 
rate,  $3.00  a  year.  Extra  copies  mailed  for  10 
cents,  if  ordered  soon  enongh.  If  already  » 
sabaoriber,  please  show  the  paper  to  otben. 


Table  of  Lowest  and  Highest  Sales  in 
S.  P.  Stock  Exchange. 


Namb  of 
oompajjt. 


Alpha 

Alta 

Andes 

Belcher 

Be8t&  Belcher,.,, 

Bullion 

Bodie  Oon 

Balwer 

CooimoDwealth , . . 
Con.  Va.  &Cal..,. 

Challenge 

Ohollar 

Confidence 

Con.  Imperial 

Caledouia 

Grown  Point 

Crocker 

Del  Moote 

Euresa  Con 

Czohequer 

Grraud  Prize 

Gould  &  Carry 

Hale  &  Norcross,. 

Julia 

Justice 

Kentuck 

Lady  Wash 

Mono.... 

Mexican 

Navajo 

North  Belle  Isle... 

Nev.  Queen 

Occidental 

Ophir 

Overman 

Potosi 

Peerless 

Peer 

Savage     

S.6.&M 

Sierra  Nevada 

Silver  Hill 

9corpiOD 

Union  Con 

Utah 

7eUow  Jacket 


Wbbk 

PlVDINO 

May  29. 


I.l!5 

1  10 

75 


3  7 
4.65 

2.35 
3.75 
5.25 


3.50 
4.40 

2  15 

3  50 
5.50 

.40 
.40 
2.45 


1.5.' 
2.75 


1.35 
.7.1 
.W 
.35 


1.20 

65 

1.00 

4.05 

2.25 

4.50 

2S 

3) 

1.8) 

1.20 

1.85 


1.10 

4.75 
y  45 
6.37 
.30 
.40 
1.95 
1  35 
2.00 


55 

80 

2  75 


Weeh 
Ending 
June  5. 


1  40 
1.15 

.70 
2.15 
2.75 

2  OJ 


75 
45 

1  75 
2.f0 

.30 

1.40 

1.00 

25 

3  66 
.41 
1.30 
70 
1.25 
4.20 

2  25 
63 
,25 
30 

1.90 
1.30 
1.65 


Week 

ENDINr 

June  12. 


^.85 

3.20 

2.70 

£0 

20 

3.55 

4.50 

2.4J 

4.20 

1.00 

.40 

.45 

2.60 

i!i6 

4.00 

.85 

.55 

2.U5 

.80 

.40 

1.40 

1.50 

30 

40 

3.25 

.35 

1.25 

.75 

1.50 

4,60 

2.40 

C.87 

25 

30 

2  15 


1  95 
1.5 

.91 
3.5U 
3.75 
4 

.75 

3;75 

6.00 
3.75 


3.25 
.45 

1.75 

2.3" 
.10 
.45 

3. 70 


1.4011.80 


.20 
2.70 

,85 
3.05 


1  90 

4.90 
3.CU 
9.00 

*;35 

2.70 

2  25 

3.5i 

".r 

3.35 
1.25 
3.50 


Week 
Endino 
June  19. 


1.45  1.75 

1.25  1.35 

.70  .85 

90  3.35 

3  40  4.25 

2.60  3.90 


.50 


.65 


3.60  3  70 

4.75  5  00 

2.60  3  50 

3.40  4.15 

7.0O  7.50 

.45  .55 

.50  .55 

2.9J  3.15 

25  .... 

1.25  1.50 

4.00  .... 

1.05  1.40 

60  .70 

25  3.05 

2.55  3.70 

.S)  .... 

1.45  1.(0 

l.G)  1.90 


.45 


3.70 


1.45  l.GO 

95  .... 

1.50  1.75 

4.40  4.85 

2.75  2.90 

25  7.50 

25  .... 

25  .30 

2  10  4.25 

2.15  2.30 

9S  3.30 

.40  .60 

25  .... 

.80  3.20 

1.0  I  1.20 

2.85  3.25 


Sales  at  San  Francisco  Stock  Exchange. 


Thursday,  June  19, 9:30  A.M. j  110 


500  Alpha .1.70 

IflU  Alta  1.35! 

100  Auata 85c 

760  Belcher 3. 25(33. 3t 

1100  Belle  Isle 1.(0, 

1025  Best  &  Belcher. 4.  IStai.ai' 

50  Bodie     6dc 

600  B-.nauza 40c 

27  0  Bullion 4.00^4  I   ■ 

300  Biilwer 2ilci 

4i0  Calediinia 55c 

200  Clialeuge 3.4^ 

2100  Chollar 4.6''(g4.e5 

3n0  Con.Cal.&Va..4.95@5.00 
400  Con.  New  York.. .        2Ec 

1150  Con.  Im>  erial...  .45gi5  c 

740  Crown  Poiot 3.20 

940  Exchequer 1.40@1.50 

520  GouldK  Curry  3.15(33.20 
850  Hale&Nor... .3. 8533.95 


Holmes 2.25 

Julia 40c 

Justice  1,55 

Kentuck 1.80 

Lady  Wasbington 35j 

Mexican 3.75@3.85 

Mono 45c 

Navajo 50c 

Occidental 1.45 

<)  fair 4.8':ttf4.90 

Overman 2.75(^2  80 

Peerlesi 25c 

Potosi 8.75(39.371 

Sjivage 2.30@2.5O 

Sep  Belcher. ..2. 25    2.30 

Scorpi  -n 25@30c 

Sierra  Nev 3.30 

Silver  Hill 45c 

Union 3.00C§3.05 

Utah  1.20 

WeldoQ 15c 

Y  llowJacket..3, 35(33. 40 


Our  Agents. 

Our  FRrsNSS  oan  do  much  In  aid  ot  oar  paper  and  the 
cause  of  practical  koowlcdge  and  science,  by  aasistiDg 
Afz^ents  in  their  labors  of  canvassing,  by  lending  their  lo- 
fluenoe  and  encouraging  favors.  We  intend  to  send  none 
ont  worthy  men. 

J.  C.  HoAG — San  PranciBco. 

R.  G.  Bailbt — San  Francisco. 

Samubl  Cz-ipf— San  Luis  Obispo  Co, 

C.  J.  Wads — San  Bernardino  Co. 

W.  W.  Thbobaldb— Lofl  Angeles  and  Ventura  Cos. 

E.  B.  Takt— Central  Calif  -rnia. 

JOUN  B.  Hab— San  Dieuo  Co. 

E.  H.  ScuAHFFLK— Calaveras  Co 

Frane  S.  Chapin— Yolo  and  Solano  Cos. 

W.  B.  Frobt— Amador  Co, 

Gbo,  Wtusok— Sacramento  Co. 

H  Kellry — Wodoc  and  Lassen  Cos. 

Wm.  M.  Hillbart — Oregon. 

H.  G.  PARsriNH— Oregon. 

J  G.  H.  LAsifADiOfi — San  Mateo  Co. 

E.  E.  Demi N 3— Oregon. 

JouN  Simpson— Oregon. 


The  Faetola  Hospital  at  0.)kland,  we  be- 
lUva  to  be  ooe  of  the  beat  of  its  kind  io 
America.  It  is  evidently  a  noble  institution, 
ibiy  and  oonaoieDtionsly  condncted  by  trne 
philanthropi'ita. 


Mr.  Willi\m  Montgomery  of  the  American 
Exchange  Hotel,  319  Saosome  street,  on  leaving 
for  the  East  handed  over  the  entire  management  of 
the  hotel  to  his  brother  Charles.  This  is  a  suffi- 
cient guarantee  that  this  hotel  will  continue  to  be 
popular  and  that  the  standard  maintained  io  the 
past  will  not  be  lowered. 


JoNB  21,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


423 


tdlicatiopal. 


School  of  Practical,  Civil,  Mechanical  and 
MINING  ENGINEERING, 

Survenm,  Arctiiteclore,  Drawiog  M  AssamE 

723    MARKET    STBEhlT. 

The  UUtory  BuilJlDg,  San  Kkamcihco,  C'al 

A.  VAN  UKK  NAILLKN.  Premdcot. 

AhmvIdi;  ut  Ures,  ^6;  Bullion  luid  Chlorlnatfnn  Assay, 

126;  Blowi/lpe  Away.  i\0.     Pull  cuurw  ol  ueftylng,  |&0. 

I^^uikI  for  circular. 

Of 

ASSAYING    AND    CHEMISTRY. 
Rooms  4<ji  47.  )  628  Uontaomery  St- 

2d  Floor  Mouttcomerjr  Bl'k.  i         8ao  FracClSOO, 
AUo,  Evening  ClMaefl,  7  to  10  n'olook. 

JOHN  T.  KVANS,  H.  A.,  PriDcip«l. 


5y\l_"l"    LAKE   CITY ! -^iSMJiM 


BUSINESS     OOLLEGB, 

24  POST  ST..  8.  F. 

TT^R      SEVENTY-FIVE      DOLLARS    THIS 

r  College  Instructs  In  Shorthand,  Tj-po  Wrlfclnft,  Book- 
keeping, Telegraphy,  Penmanehip,  Drawing,  all  the  En- 
gllBD  branches,  and  everything'  pertaining  to  bualneea, 
tor  six  full  months.  We  have  sixteen  teachers,  and  give 
Individual  instruction  to  all  our  pupils.  Oof  school  has 
Its  gradoates  lo  every  part  of  th«  State. 
jarSlHD  FOa  ClBOUl^AR. 

B.  P.  HSALD,  Prestdent. 
O.  8.  HALKT.  Secreterv. 


PRACTICAL 

Books  on  Mining 

AND  IRRIGATION. 

Descriptive  Catalogue  and  Circulars  of  Books  rclatia;,' 
to  Assaying,  Mining,  Electricity  and  Mechanical  Engineer- 
ing, sent  free  on  application. 

E.  &  F.  N.  SPON,  Publishers. 

12  Cortlandt  St.,  New  York. 


ONE    OF    THE    GREAT    FIVE. 

New  York,  Gbicago,  Denver,  Salt  Lake  Git;  and  San  Francisco. 

Midway  hetwrein  Dcinor  And  $ai(  Kraricisoo,  TtK)  mil-  n  from  either,  ^vitli  rm  rivals  north  to  Kfilish  Columliift  or 
»outh  tu  l-ld  Mi'\ico.  smli  Lake  Clly  ii  destliud  to  hecouic  one  of  thu  gicat  Overdiadowiij^  Luuitnerclal 
i;«nt«rii  Id  the  i.'hain  between  Nt  w  Voik  and  San  {"lanci'-o. 

The  receut  iul|;hty  iutlow  of  the  bent  jViiierionn  blood  ha«  doubled  hor  populati' n,  begun  thu 
dovclDpnivnt  of  untold  r(rHUiir<-i>H.  built  up  ntTiiHK  <'l>ii<  rlit^H  nf  a  I  leaiMok'  d-jriiimiiiatlot>ri,  created  clinriii- 
luj;  HOI  lal  (^oudiliiinH,  fOHtiTi  il  iho  |>ulilii.-  Hrhnol  c^ateni,  itlr  rti^d  iiiiinli:lpal  linproveiiit^Dtii  and 
opvned  the  titoot  p  roll  table  UiiMliieBN  Invt-st  ineut,  Haiiufari  iiriug  and  M  itiini;  Opportttiiltlt-H 
ever  preHvntrd  by  a  clt.^  Ihtt  in  three  yi-'ars  will  CMntiln  ovr  r  I  OO  OOO  people,  and  bufure  the  tiid  of  thu 
century  sevcrul  tiineij  that  niiinbui. 

MORE  MINING  CAPITAL  NEEDED. 

Tlio  resources  of  Utah  as  a  mining  rogioo  may  be  Rhowo  by  the  following  from  the  books  of  the  ONTAICIO 
SILVKK  MlNlNti  COMPANY.  Park  City,  UtHh{uear  Salt  Lake  City): 

Dividend  paid,  No  lti8,  to  April  Ist,  1*^00  glO.S'-o.OOO.Cli;  ore  and  bullion  B'dd  to  April  Ist,  1S90,  $24  121.203  13. 
Incorporated  January  Ist,  1S77.  Capital  btock,  150,000  shures;  par  value  of  stock,  iflOO  Ou  per  sliare;  market  price 
(jf  Htcck,  .'^4fi.tHj  per  shnre  and  u).ward.  Average  number  of  men  employed,  4'26t  Value  of  improvements  and 
property  (inventor^'  Dti'emht3i  3t-'t,  IS^'.i),  :?'J  f)^;»,S64.77 

Tli«  CLnipai  y  pays  n  ^,'u^ar  monthly  dividends  of  875,(XK).0O  nr  fiO  cents  per  share.  Utah  has  numerous  iflviduod 
I'ayent  on  a  lar^e  scale.  There  aiemany  other  mioes  thataie  (  artly  developed  that  prumiso  the  richCHt  returns,  with 
HUtlicieiit  capital.  Within  three  months,  coke  from  our  own  home  ccal  (Castle  Uate)  bos  supplanted  foreign  uike  in 
our  lead  nmeltorij. 

Salt  Lake  City  is  now  one  of  the  most  delightful  homos  in  the  world,  wi'h  a  perfect  climate,  good  society, 
chuM'li'^3  and  schools  50,000  population  and  growing  rapidly.  We  w'll  bo  ploaeod  to  eoire-pond  with  mining 
men  ai.d  capitilihts  and  point  the  way  to  s')me  specially  inviting  fields.  We  have  nianv  Minine  capitalists  Here, 
who  will  coidiailv  meet  and  aid  new  men  Our  Held  Is  large,  there  is  room  for  a  1.  For  illustrated  pamphlets, 
summer  tourist  rates,  and  spccili^  infi>rmition,  acdicss 

SALT    L.AKE    CITY.  UTAH. 


CARMBLO  LAND  AND  CO&LCOMPAN7. 
Location  of  princlial  place  of  buslnetss,  San  Fran- 
cisco, California;  looatiun  uf  works,  Monterey  county, 
C»li'oinla. 

Notlijo  in  hereby  given,  that  at  a  meeting  of  the  Board 
of  Directors,  held  on  the  4lh  Jay  ol  June,  l^'.K),  an  a^srfes* 
nnnt(No.  1)  of  Fifty  {50t)  Cents  per  i-liare  wie  Itvied 
upon  the  capital  ttuck  of  the  Corporation,  (ayabitt  im- 
licdiatelv 'n  Un!t(d  States  g 'Id  coin,  to  the  Secretary, 
at  the  <'.fllcu  of  the  Comi»any,  Room  10,  No.  415  Mout- 
KOmory  street,  San  Kraiicis'-o.  (."nllforriia. 

Any  Ktock  upon  which  this  as-t/i-mcnt  Khali  remain 
unjMiId  on  the  16ih  dny  of  July,  ISIIO,  will  be  dBlin<|Ucnt 
and  advertised  for  laU  at  public  auction;  and  niilet'e 
paMneiit  is  made  before,  will  )e  sold  on  SATURDAY, 
the  0(h  day  of  Augu*t,  WM,  to  pay  the  dulini|uent 
asses- mint,' t<'i:e  her  with  the  cosls  of  advertising  and 
oxpensus  ol  sale 

By  tifder  of  the  Board  of  DIroctirs. 

W.  T.  BAOGETT,  Secrttary. 

OfllcQ,  Room  10,  No.  ilb  Montgomery  stieet,  San  Fian- 
cIhco,  California. 


DELINQUENT    SALE    NOTICE. 

p  BAY  EAGLE  MINING  COMPANY-Loca. 
VT  tion  of  principal  place  of  business.  San  Frflncisco, 
California.  Location  of  works,  Placer  cuuiity,Califi>rnis. 
Notice — 1  hoie  are  dolii<<|U(;nt  upon  tho  tolloM  Ing  de- 
scribed itock.  on  account  of  Aeseesment  (No.  17)  levied 
on  ihe  First  day  of  May,  1S90,  the  stvcal  amounts  set 
opposite  the  nlmcs  of  the  re?pecti\e  bharehulJers.  as 
fo  1  Avs: 

No. 

Names.  Ceit. 

Bogatt,  0  U.  TruHee 430 

431 

4:<4 


'\rE:     n\/fl:<3]xrE: 


BY     USING 


:^^A.Tsrx3  coTJE»iji3>ar<3r. 

Best  in  the  World.    Most  Simple  In  ADPli- 

catlon     Moat  Powerful— Cbeapeat.    Ball 

and  Socket  Joint.     BlKbt  and  Left 

Screw.    Worfca  Freely.    Just 

tbetblng  for  Large  Tanks 

In  a  Dry  Oilmate. 

WELLS,  EUSSELL&CO,,TaiSBnililers 

Meclanlcs'  Mills,  Cor,  Mission  &  Fremont  Sts..  S.  F. 


WATER  POWER  TRANSIVIITTED  BY  ELECTRICITY 

To  Run  your    Mills,   Hoists   and   Trams. 

For  Oircalar  f^iving  particulars  send  to 

KEITH     ELECTRIC    CO., 


■  MANnFACTDEERS   OF  — 


Apparatus  for  Electric  Light  and  E^ectric  Power 

OFFICE,  40  NEVADA  BLOCK, 

Factory,  Stevenson  St.,  bet.  First  and  Ecker,  SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 


HOSKINS'  PATENT  BLOW-PIPE  AND  ASSAY  FURNACES. 


Practical   Hydraulics. 

A  Book  for  Civil  EDgineers,  Miners,  Mill- 
men,  Hydraulicians,  Mining  Engi- 
neers, and  Irrigators. 
By  p.  M.  Randall. 

This  new  work  is  by  one  of  the  most  experienced  hy- 
draulicians of  the  country.  It  abounds  with  useful 
tables  for  ready  reference,  in  which  the  results  of  ab 
strusc  calculations  arc  all  placed  in  a  form  so  that  one 
can  find  what  he  wants  in  a  moment  For  the  engineer 
the  principles,  formulaj,  coefficients,  etc.,  are  given;  and 
for  those  not  familiar  \\ith  higher  mathematics,  ex- 
amples, rules,  and  tables  are  prepared.  Thus  the  needs 
ol  the  scientist  and  the  practical  miner  or  millman  are 
each  met.  It  is  the  most  complete  work  on  the  subject 
yet  published,  and  is  specially  applicable  to  the  Pacific 
Coast.  „ 

Table  of  Contents. 

The  followintr  brief  abstract  of  the  contents  will  give 
an  idea  of  tlie  branches  of  the  subject  treated; 

General  Plan;  Discussion  of  the  Principles  of  Hydraul- 
ics- Rules  Deduced  from  Formulie  Obtained;  Examples 
and  Calculations;  E.vtensivc  Tables  tor  Ready  Refer 
ience-  Fundamental  Laws  of  Hydraulics  Demonstrated 
and  Expressed  in  Formula)  and  Rules;  Flow  of  Water 
through  Openings;  Weir  Coefficients;  Triangular 
Weirs-  Flow  of  Water  Over  Quadrant  Weir  (tabulated); 
Appliilion  of  Tables;  Submerged  Orifices;  Flow 
Through  Orifices  in  Thin  Partitions;  Tab'cs  and  Aopli- 
cations-  Miners'  Inches;  Tables  and  Calculations;  Flow 
ol  Water  Through  Short  Tubes  and  Compound  Tubes; 
Plow  of  Water  Through  Pipes;  Tables  of  Velocities  and 
Cubic  Feet  Flows  for  Given  Fall  per  Mile  and  Diameter 
of  Pipe-  Coefllcient  for  Bond— Cicular  and  Angular; 
Flow  Through  Nozzles;  Inverted  Siphons;  Flow  of 
Water  in  Open  Channels;  Extensive  Tables;  Rough  and 
Ready  Notes;  Hints  for  Speedy  and  Approximate  Esti- 
mates, etc. 

Price,  82.00,  post-paid.  Sold  by  Dbwbv  &  Co.,  Pub- 
lishers, 220  Market  St,  San  Francisco. 

FOt  SALE -AN  ONYX  MINE  IN  SAN 
Bernardino  County,  only  about  three  miles  from 
Railroad,  Down  grade  from  mine  to  the  road.  Price, 
15000.  NOLAN  &  SMITH, 

31  North  Spring  Street,  Los  Angeles,  Cal. 


Chemists,  Assayers,  Metallnrgiets,  En- 
gineers, Jewelers,  Dentists,  Etc. 


NO   DUST  !     NO  ASHES ! 

Poitaolel  Practical  I  Antoniaticl  EcMomical 


Will  do  f 'r  every  th'nc  ih*t  a  Coal  Furnace  or  Gas 
Furuace«ill,  and  WIIHOUP  A  BLOWEK. 


Send  (or  Price  List  and  Deacriptive  Circular  to 

WM.  HOSKINfS  &  CO.,  81  s^'SSah^kst..  CHICAGO,  ILL, 


PERFECT  PULLEYS 

First  Premium  Awarded  at  Mechanics'   Pair,    1884. 

Sole  Licensed  Manufacturers  of  the 

MEDART    PATENT    WROUGHT    RIM    PULLEY 

For  the  States  of  California,  Oregon  and  Nevada,  and  the  Territories  ol  Idaho,  WashlngI  on 

Uontana,  Wyoming,  Utah  and  Arizona.      Lightest,  Strongest,  Cheapest  and 

Beat  Balanced  Pulley  in  the  Worid.     Also  Manufacturers  of 

SHAFTING,    HAN  GEES    AND    APPURTENANCES. 

ia"SBND   FOR   CIRODLAR8   AKD 'PRICII   LlST.TEl 

139  and    181    FRWMONT  STBBRT  SAN    PHANOISOO.  OAI . 


PAT.  Out.  25,  1881. 


HORACE  D.  RANLETT, 

Ores,  MiDing,  and  Commission, 

420  Montgomery  St.,  S.  F. 

Ships  under  advances  to  emclting  works  la  Boston, 
New  York,  Baltimore  and  Liverpool. 

Twenty-one  years'  experience  in  Shipping  Ores  and 
Manai^in)?  Mines. 

Solicits  Coueignments  of  Copper  Produce  and  Manage- 
ment of  Min'ng  Matters. 

All  business  conducted  on  Cash  Basis. 

Purchase  and  shipment  of  Mining  Supplies  A  Specialty. 

Sales  of  Developed  Cooper  Mines  undertaken. 

Business  Manager  of  UNION  COPPER  MINK,  Copper- 
opolis,  Cal.;  NEWTON  COPPER  MINE.  Amador  Co..  Cal. 


AMERICAN    MINING   AND  STOCK  CODE 

"KELLOGRAPH." 

Indispensable  to  the  MininK  Profession  and 
Dseful  in  all  Business  Transactions. 
A  Complete  System   of  Transmitting  Telegraphic  Mes- 
sages by  Code   Cipher   Words  in  a  Legible,  Secret  and 
KcoDomic  Manner. 

OVER   35,000   WORDS  AND  SENTENCES 

Subject  to  tranpmission  under  infinite  complication  by 
the  use  of  over  70,000  code  words. 

No  danger  of  publicity  in  telegraphing  matters  con- 
cerning operation  or  sale  of  miuiiJg  property.  The  work 
strictly  alphabetical  and  classified.  Tlie  handiest  work 
ever  published  for  raining  operators. 

PRICE,  §5.     ForwardeU  postpaid  on  receipt  of  price  by 

DEWEY  &  00., 

220  MARKET  STREET,  SAN  FRANCISCO. 


436 

.440 
.447 
.4  (ill 
.  .47-^ 
.48'* 
.5V7 


Butllngton,  JM,  TruBeo.    . 

"  *'  ■■  -    hlHi 

Carnes,  W  A 2ft2 

Durbrow,  H,  Trut-teo  605 

Krancls,  H  L,  Trnstc.- ^44 

Hunter,  W  C,  Trustee 508 

Na  h.  tl  W 269 

Rotc'krans.  H  M ^i) 

Stoi^t,  C  S,  Tiusteo  47(i 

S.atles.  W  A,Tru&tu«  ...   .'.IS 

Shardiland.  Robt 144 

S  etsoo,  A  M,  Trustee   ,  5-20     6.000         2f)0  (0 

Taylor,  . I  N.  Trustde .532     1,010  53(0 

WelZbl.Theo.  TiusMe 28)         100  6  00 

And  ip  accordance  with  law,  and  an  order  of  the  Board 
of  Directors,  made  on  the  Flrtt  day  of  May,  ISilO,  so 
many  shares  of  each  parcel  of  such  stock  as  ni'-y  hd  nec- 
eusary,  will  be  8>  IJ  at  public  auction,  at  the  oflice  of  the 
Conipan\,  Room  11,  No.  :{03  Califo-nia  stioet,  San  Fian- 
cis-o,  (aliforuia,  on  MONDAY  tb"  Thirtittb  (30tli) ''ay 
of  June.  1890,  at  Ihe  hour  of  one  o'cln^k  p.  h  ol  said 
day,  to  pay  suid  Delinquent  AssPstm-nt  thereon,  to- 
geiher  with  costs  of  advertising  aril  expenses  of  eald. 

A.  W  BABRiiWS,  Secretary  pro  tern. 
Office,  Room  11,  No.   803  Califoruii  Street,  San   Frao- 

•  isco,  C'alilorola. 


No. 
Sh  reo. 
100 
100 
60 
SO 
.'i4 
6000 
80 

r.oo 

105 
2,I)(HI 
2  000 

416 

200 
1,,'JOO 

100 

104 

SOU 
2.01 '0 
1,0*0 

h(0 
6.000 
1,010 

100 


Amt. 

;  6  no 
6  00 
2  60 
2  60 
2  70 
250  00 
4  00 
25  00 
6  20 
125  00 
100  00 
20  SO 
10  00 
75  CO 
6  OU 
6  20 
30  00 
100  00 
50  00 


THE  ANNUAL  MEETING  OF  THE  STOCKBOLDERS 
of  the  Carmelo  land  and  Coal  Company,  for  the 
electiDn  of  a  Board  of  Dirfctors  to  serve  the  ensuing 
year,  and  for  such  other  bueintes  as  may  come  before 
the  meeting,  will  be  held  at  the  office  of  the  Company, 
Room  10,  No  415  Montgomery  street,  on  MONDAY,  the 
2l8t  day  of  July,  1890,  at  one  o'clock  p  m. 

W.  T.  BAGGETT,  Secretary. 


Testing  and  Working  Silver  Ores 

A  VAT-UABLE  BOOK. 

An  illustrated  work  of  114  pages,  for  miners  and  pros- 
pectors, by  Chas.  H,  Aaron.  Mr.  Aaron  has  managed 
to  give  many  useful  hints  and  suggestions,  free  from 
all  technicalities,  and  in  such  a  stylo  as  to  be  easily 
comprehended.  It  is  written  for  the  miner,  with  no 
chemical  symbols  or  metallurgical  technicalities  to  con- 
fuse those  who  are  not  chemists  or  metallurgists.  The 
following  summary  of  the  contents  of  the  work  will  give 
an  idea  of  its  scope. 

Under  the  heading  of  the  first  chapter,  "Testing  Ores 
for  Silver,'  we  find  paragraphs  on  ore  formation,  test  for 
silver,  with  heat  and  water,  acid  or  blow  pipe.  In  speak- 
ing of  testing  for  a  process,  the  extent  and  richness  of 
ore  is  considered,  smelting  ores,  selecting  and  working 
samples,  appliances  for  testing,  roasting,  etc.  Under 
the  head  of  "Working  Ores"  the  author  describes  Aaron's 
process,  liag  something  to  say  of  superheated  steam,  pre- 
paration of  dichloridc  of  copper  and  protochloridc  of  cop- 
per, use  of  copper  and  iron,  quantity  of  chemicals,  car- 
bonate of  lime,  chloride  ores,  amalgam,  Patchen's  pro- 
cess, etc.  He  also  describes  the  methods  of  working 
roasted  ores,  treatment  of  base  metals,  stirring,  heat^of 
furnace,  want  of  sulphur,  etc.  Under  the  head  of 
"Leaching  Processes"  arc  the  titles  Smelting,  Mexican 
process,  Chilean  process,  Krochnke's  process,  etc.  Under 
"Pulverizing  Machines"  are  described  the  arastra  and  its 
construction  and  operation,  stamp  batteries,  screens, 
Crocker's  trip-hammer  battery,  Paul's  pulverizing  barrel, 
Kendall's  battery,  Noice's  pulverizer,  a  cheap  rock 
breaker,  etc. 

In  speaking  of  amalgamators  the  author  describes  a 
cheap  amalgamator,  grinding  the  ore,  directions  for  mak- 
ing a  barrel,  preventing  mechanical  wear,  use  of  quick- 
silver, copper  in  bars,  Freiberg  barrel,  cheap  barrel 
trough,  barrel  on  rollers,  Aaron's  amalgamator,  separ- 
ator, etc. 

He  describes  an  improvised  retort,  roasting  furnace, 
furnace  tools  and  furnace  building.  Among  the  miscella- 
neous mention  may  be  found  Aaron's  leaching  apparatus, 
with  two  or  three  different  arrangements,  a  small  mill, 
sampling  tailings,  and  settling  tanks,  dichloride  of  cop- 
per, etc.  Mr.  Aaron  is  a  practical  miner,  of  long  working 
e.\perience  on  this  coast. 

Price,  post  free,  $2.00.  Sold  by  Dbwev  &  Co.,  Puhlisli- 
ers,  220  Market  St. 


H  RUPTURE    AND     PILES. 

':;^  We  Positively  CUPE  all  binds  of  Rupture 
and  Rectal  Difieasea,  no  matter  of  how  long 
standing,  in  fr.  m  30  to  60  days,  without  the 
use  of  KMFE,  DRAWING  KLOOD,  or  PETEN- 
Tiox  KKOM  BUSINESS.  Tefms:  Mo  Cure, 
no  Pay;  anU  no  Pny  until  Cured. 
If  afflicted,  come  and  see  us  or  aei-d  s  amp  for 
nanipblet.  Address: 
DBS.  FOaTERFIELD  &  U'  8BY, 
888  Market  Street.     -       -     Sbd  FrandBcr. 


INVENTORS.      TAKE       NOTICE  I 

L.  petersonTmodel  maker, 

258  Market  St. ,  N.  E.  cor.  Front  (up  stairs),  San    Franceico 
Experimeutal  machinerj-  and  all  kinds  of  models.  Tin 
and  brasawork.    All  communications  strictly  confiden- 
tial. 


424 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[June  21,  1890 


A  New  Book  on  Assaying. 


THE  BEST  IN  THE  ENGLISH  LANGUAGE, 

IT    LEADS    ALL.    O  UHBBS  I 


Now  Ready. 

THE  ASSAYERS'  MANUAL 

An  Abridged  Treatise  on  the  Docitnaatic  Examnati^n 
of  Ores  and  Furnai-e  and  other  Artifi«;iat  Producte.  By 
Bruno  Kerl,  Frotes  or  in  the  Roy  .1  School  of  Mines; 
Membar  of  the  Koval  Technical  CoQimissiGn  for  the  In- 
dustries, and  of  the  Imperi  I  Patent  office,  Berlin.  Trans- 
lated from  the  German  by  Wm.  T  Brannt,  Editor  of  "The 
TecnnoCbemicai  Rtceipt  Bjok,"  etc.  Second  American 
Edition  Edited  with  extensive  additions  by  F.  Lynwood 
Garrison,  ML-mber  I'f  the  Am.  Inplitute  of  aiining  Engin- 
eers Iron  and  Steel  Institute,  Varein  Deutscher  En  en- 
hutte'deuta,  etc.  Illustrated  by  S7  EiRFiving*.  Three 
huulred  and  fiftv-four  pages,  Svn  cloth,  pr  ce  5^J  00 
Bi/  mail,  free  ofpostarje,  to  any  address  in  the  ivorid. 

AbsciacSof  Conteots:  Gbnkkal  Division. —I  Mechan- 
ical Manipulations;  II  Chemtca.1  Oper  tious-;  III  Afsa> 
Furnaces;  IV,  Assv  Vessels;  V,  B>lanc  3  and  VV.  uhts; 
VI  Tools  and  Implement'*;  VII,  Assay  Reigents.  Special 
DiVLSlON  —I,  Lead;  II,  Copper;  III,  Silver;  IV,  Gol  ;  V, 
Platinum;  VI.  N'f'ie;  VII,  Co-i-tlT;  VIU,  Z-m-  iX.  Ca  - 
mium;  X,  Tin;  XI.  Bism'ith;  XII,  Mercnr>;  X'll,  Anti- 
monv  XIV,  Araeni«';  XV,  U.anium;  XVI  Tun  sten; 
XVII,  Chromium:  XVlii,  Mauganesi;  XIX,  Sulphuj; 
XX,  Fuel;  Appendix;  Index. 

gV  A  circvlar  of  S  patjes.  quarto,  giving  *he  full 
TaUeof  Coittirit,^  of  this  important  B-wk,  rt-s  irell  as  a 
new  Lijit  of  Lcad>.ng  Books  on  Metal  Mining,  AfetalUirgii, 
Mineral"gy.  Assaying,  Chemical  Anal)jsis,etc.,S€ntfr-e 
to  any  one  in  anypart  of  the  world  who  loill  send  his 
address. 

^- The  ahove  or  any  of  our  BooH  sent  hy  moil,  free 
ofpostaae,  at  the  p\ibUcalion  prices,  to  any  address  in 
the  world. 

ly  Our  neio  and  revised  Catalogue  of  Practical  and 
Scientific  Books,  S6  payes,  Svo,  and  our  other  Cata- 
logues, the  whole  covering  eoi-ry  branch  of  Science 
afipli  d  to  the  Arts,  sent  free  and  free  'f-postmfe  to  any 
orve  in  any  pan  of  the  lo^rla  joho  unll  furnish  us  loith  his 


HENRY  CAREY  SaiRO  &  CO., 

iNDUhTltlAL    PuErJSUERS,   EooKSEJ.LERS  &  IMPORTERS, 

ft  10  WalDUt  St,,  Foiladt-lphi^,  Ha.  U.  v  A. 


RIX  k  FIRTH, 

225  and  227  First  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


Compressed  Air  and  Water  Power 
Machinery. 


KNIGHT'S  WATER  WHEEL, 

For  Mills,  Pumping  and  Hoisting. 

OVER    SOO  IN    USB. 
All  estimates  guaranteed,    Seud  for  Circular. 


WATER  TANKS  I    WINE  TANKS! 

CALIFORNIA    WINE    COOPERAGE     CO. 

FULDA  BKOS.,  Proprietors, 

SO  to  40  Spear  St.,  San  Francleco. 

ALL  KINDS  OP  CASKS,  TANKS,  Etc. 

I^Snip.  Mi^ivQ.  nn.l  Watrr  T.nkb  a  Rpecialty.'^t 


CLAYTON 

AIR  COMPRESSORS 

For  Working 
Rock    Drills,   Coal   Cutters, 
Hoisting   Engines    and  Water 
Pumps  in  Mines  and  Tunnels, 
Sinking  Caissons,  Etc.,  Etc. 

SEND  FOR  CATALOGUE  No.  6. 

Clayton  Air  Compressor  Works, 
43  DEY  ST.,  NEW  YORK. 


TUBBS  CORDAGE  CO. 

(A  Corporation.) 

Constantly  on  hand  a  full  assortment  of  Manila  Rope, 
Duplex  Rope,  Tarred ManilaRope, Hay  Rope,  Whale  Line, 
etc,  etc 

Extra  sizes  and  lengths  mkds  to  order  on  short  notice, 

QU  &  613  I^ont  St.,  San  Francisco.  Cal. 


PACIFIC    ROLLING    MILL   CO., 
j.MHHI  I.HSIIIIIIKaiid 


UP  TO   20,000  LBS.   WEIGHT, 

True  to  pattern  and  superior  in  strengrth,  toughness  and  durability  to  Oast  or  WrouBht 
Iron  in  any  position  or  for  any  aervice. 

GEARINGS,  SHOES,  DIES,  CAMS,  TAPPETS,  PISTON-HEAOS,  RAILROAD  and  MA- 
CHINERY CASTINGS  of  Every  Description. 


HOMOGENEOUS  STEEL. 


SOFT  and  DUCTILE, 

SUPERIOR  TO  IRON  FOR 


LOCOMOTIVE  AND  MARINE  FORCINGS. 

ALSO  Steel  Rods,  from  i  to  3  inch  diameter  and  Flats  trom  1  to  8  Inch.  Angles,  Teea,  Channels  and  other  shape 
Steel  Wagon,  Bugg^-,  and  Truck  Tires,  Plow  Steel;  Machinery  and  Special  Shape  Steel  to  size  and  lengths 
STEEL  BAILS  from  12  to  45  poimda  per  yard.  ALSO,  Bailroad  and  merchant  Iron,  Rolled 
Beams,  Angle,  Channel,  and  T  Iron,  Bridge  and  Machine  Botta,  Lag  Screws,  Nuts,  Washers,  Ship  and  Boat 
Spikes;  Steamboat  Shafts,  Cranks,  Pistons,  Connecting  Rods,  etc  Car  and  Locomotive  Axles  and  Frames, 
and  Iron  Forgings  of  all  kinds,  Iron  and  Steel  Bridge  and  Roof  Work  a  Specialty. 

.    HIGHEST  PRICE  PAID  FOB  SCBAP  IBON  AND  STBSX. 

i^  Orders  will  have  prompt  attention.    Send  for  Catalogues.    Address 

PACIFIC  ROLima  HILL  CO.,  202  Market  St..  San  Francisco. 


FULTON     IRON    WORKS, 

HINCKLEY.  SPIERS   &    HAYES.  Proprietors. 


(ESTABLISHED    IN    1855.] 


TUSTIN'S    PULVERIZER. 


— MANUFACTURBRfl    OP- 
MARINE      ENGINES     AND     BOILBRS.- 
Propeller  Engines,  either  High  Pressure  or  Compound, 
Stern  or  Side- wheel  Engines. 

MINING  MACHINERY.— Hoisting  Engines  and 
Works,  Cages,  Ore  Buckets,  Ore  Cars,  Pumping  Engines 
and  Pumps,  Water  Buckets,  Pump  ColumnSi  Air  Com- 
pressors, Air  Recaivera,  Air  Pipes. 

MILL  MACHINERY.— Batteries  for  Dry  or  Wet 
Crushing,  Amalifamatlng  Pans,  Settlers,  Furnaces,  Re- 
torts, Concentr»tor»,  Ore  Feeders,  Rock  Breakers,  Fur- 
naces for  Reducing  Ores,  Water  Jackets,  etc 

MISCELLANEOUS  MACHINERY.- Flour 
Mill  Machinery,  Saw  Mill  Engines  and  Boilers,  Dredging 
Machinery,  Powder  Mill  Machinerj',  Water  Wheels. 

Tustin's  Pulverizer 

WORKS  ORE  WET  OR  DRY. 


ENGINESiBOILERS 

OF    ALL    KINDS, 

Either  for  use  on  Steamboats  or  for  use  on  Land. 

Water  Pipe,  Pnmp  or  Air  Golnmng,  Fish 
Tanks  for  Salmon  Canneries 

OF  BVBRT  DBSORUTION. 

Boiler  Repairs  Promptly  attended  to  and  at  v«ry  moaerate  rales. 

AQBNT8  FOR  THB  PACIFIC  COAST  FOR  THB 

IDefiue  Steeixxx  X^-ixxxx-cs. 

SPECIALTIES : 

Corliss  Engines  and  Tustin  Ore  Pulverizers.  DEANB    STEAM    PUMP. 

Agents  and  Manufacturers  of  the  Llewellyn  Peed  Water  Purifier  and  Heater. 


THE  GIANT  POWDER  COMPANY 

Manufacture  Tiiree  Kinds  of  Powder,  wtiich  are  acknowledged  by  all  tlie  Great  Chemists  of  the  World  as 

The  Safest  and  Strongest  High  Explosives  in  the  Marl<et. 

Of  Different  Strenerthe  as  Required. 

NOBEL'S     EXPLOSIVE     GELATINE,"    which  contains    94    per  cent  of  Nltro-Olyoerlne,  and 
GELATIN E-DTN AMITE,  Strongrer  than  Dynamite  and  even  Safer  In  Handling. 

JUDSON  POWDER  IMPROVED. 

rOR  RAILROADS  AND  LAND  CLEARING.  Is  fromthree  to  four  times  stronger  than  ordinary  Blast- 
ing Powder,  and  is  used  by  all  the  Railroads  and  Gravel  Claims,  as  it  breaks  more  ground,  pulverizes  better  and 
saves  time  and  money.    It  is  as  dry  as  the  ordinary  Blasting  Powder  and  runs  as  freely. 

BANDMANN,  NIELSEN  &  CO., 


OAP.S  and  FUSK  for  Sale 


GENERAL  AGENTS,  HAN  FRANCISCO  CAL. 


QUARTZ  SCREENS 


A  specialty.  Round,  slot 
or  burred  slot  holes.  Gen- 
uine Russia  Iron,  Homo- 
geneous Steel,  Cast  Steel  or 
American  planisbed  Iron, 
Zinc,  Copper  or  Brass  Screens  for  all  purposes.  Cali- 
fornia Perforating  Screen  Co..  145  &  147  Beale  St ,  S.  F. 


COAL  MINES  OF  THE  WESTERN  COAST. 

A  few  copies  of  this  work,  the  only  one  over  published 
treating  of  Pacific  Coast  Coal  Mining,  have  been  ob- 
tained, and  are  for  sale  at  this  office  for  ^2.50  per  copy. 
It  was  written  by  W.  A.  Goodyear,  Mining  and  Civil 
Engineer,  formerly  of  the  California  State  Geological 
Survey. 


N.  W.  SPAULDINQ 

Manufacturers  of 
SPAULDING'S 

Inserted  Tooth 

AKD 

CHISEL    BIT 

CIKCDLAB 

Saws. 

SAW  MILLS   AND   MACHINERY 

Of  all  kinds  made  to  order.    Send  for  Descriptive  Cata 
ioeue.    17  and  18  Frentont  St,.  Bi,d  Frapolua 


Irop  apd  IHIachiiie  hh 


UNION    IRON   WORKS, 

SAOBAMENTO.  OAL. 

ROOT,    NBILSON     &    OO., 

HANUFAOnmBBfl  OP 

Steam     Engines,    Boilers, 

AND  ALL  BINDS  OF 

MACHINERY  FOR  MINING  PURPOSES. 

Flouring  Mills,  Saw  Mills  and  Quartz  Mills  UacMnery 

constructed,  fitted  up  and  repaired. 
FTront  St..  bet.  N  &  O  Sts.,         Sacramento,  Oal. 


CALIFORNIA   MACHINE   WORKS, 

WM.  H.  BIRCH  &  CO., 

ENGINEERS    AND     MACHINISTS, 


No.  119  Beale  St., 


San  Francisco. 


BUILDERS  OF 

Steam  Enirines,  Saw  Mills,  Mining  Machinery,  Dredging 
Machines,  Rock  Crushers,  Cable  Railway  Machinery, 
lyiithorp  Air  Brake  Co.'s  Patent  Steam  and  Hydraulic 
Elevators,  Air  Cushions  and  Air  Brakes.  POSITIVE 
SAFETIES.  Improved  Ram  Elevators,  Sidewalk  and 
Hand  Hoists.  B.  E.  Henrickson's  Patent  Automatio 
Safety  Catches. 

Machines  of  all  kinds  Made  and  Bepaired. 
Orders  Solicited. 


Golden  State  &  Miners  Iron  Works. 

Manutbctore  Iron  OastinfirB  and  Machinery 
of  all  Kinds  at  Greatly  Bednced  Bates. 

STEVENSON'S  PATENT 

Mold-Board  AMALOAMATORS, 
Golden  State  Pressure  Blowers. 

First  St..  bet-ween  Hovard  A  Folsom.  S.  F. 


CBOUAS  THOMPSON 


rHORMTON  THOMPSON 


THOMPSON    BROTHERS. 

EUREKA    FOUNDRY, 

129  and  131  Beale  St.,  between  Uisslon  and  Howard,  S.F 

HAMDPAOTDRBBS  OF  0A8TIKOB  OF  BVHHT  DISORIPTION. 


Mining    Engineers. 


Bewick,  Moreing  &  Hooper, 

MINING  ENGINEEOS, 

508  California  Street,  San  FraoclBCO,  Cal. 

Suffolk  House,  Laurence,  Pountney  Hill, 

i  ONPON,  K.  C. 

Leake's  Buildings,  Johannesburg, 

SOUTH   AfrBICA. 

Report  on  mines  and  undertake  management  of  mining 
prorer  ies. 


W.  A.  GOODYEAR, 

Oivil    and    Mining    Engineer, 

MINING  EXPERT  AXD  GEOLOGIST. 
Address  "  Business  Box  A,"  office  of  this  paper,  San 
Francisco. 


ROSS   E.  BROWNE, 

Mining  and  Hydraulic  Engineer, 

No.  307  Sanbohb  St.,  San  Francisco. 


Tioga  District  Mining  Company, 

Incorporated  June  11,  ISSg.    Capital  Stock,  $10,000,000. 
BUY  AND  SELL 

California  Gold,  Silver,  Qulclisllver,  Copper 
and  Lead  Mines 

OF    ASCERTAINED    VALUE. 

Office,  No.  13  PARROTT'S  BUILDING,  N.  W. 

Corner  of  California  and  Montgomery  Streets, 

SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 

WM.  B.  WIOHTMAN.  Prcs.      WM.  H.  V.  CRONTSF,,  Sec. 


The  Best  Mining  District 

On  the  Pacific  Coast  I 

GRASS    VALLEY,  CAL. 

THE  BEST  NEWSPiPER   publislied  in   the  district  is 

Tcm:  ■i'n>i3xrGrS, 

Daily  and  Weekly  edition.  Gives  all  the  Minicg  News. 
Dealers  in  Mining  Machinery  and  Miniag  Supplies  will 
find  THE  TIDINGS  the  beet  medium  for  directly  rrach- 
ing  the  owners  or  managers  of  mines.  Investors  in 
mines  will  find  it  to  their  advantage  to  subscribe. 

Many  mines  are  in  success  ul  operation,  and  opw 
enterprises  are  being  instituted  and  many  others  are  in 
contemplation. 

DAILY,  §6  00  a  year;  WEEKLY.  S2  50,  in  advance. 
H.  S.  SPaULDING,  Publisher. 

T.  C.  HOCKING,  Editor. 


Shottid  consult 
DEWEY  &  00. 

EBIOAM 


California  Inventors 

AND  Foreign  Patent  Solicitors,  f or  obtainhig  Patenta 
and  Caveata.  Established  in  1860.  Their  long  eiperieuce  as 
jomroalists  and  large  practice  as  Patent  attorneys  enables 
them  to  offer  Pacific  Cfoast  Inventors  far  better  service  'han 
they  can  obtain  elsewhere.  Send  for  free  circulars  of  Infor- 
mation. Office  of  the  Mining  and  Scikntitio  pRKSf  anfl 
rAomo  Bufiix  Pkbss,  No.  3^  Marks  at..SBn  Frarc  aco. 
Blev&tor.  U  Vroat  Bl 


JoNK  21,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


425 


PARKE    &    LACY   COMPANY 

IMPORTERS    AND    MANDPACT0RBR8    OP 

MINING,     MILL    and    GENERAL     MACHINERY. 


ENGINES,  BOILERS,  STEAM  PUMPS, 

AIR  COMPRESSORS,  ROOK  DRILLS, 
WALL'S  CRUSHING  ROLLS, 

CONCENTRATORS,  PULVERIZERS, 
TURBINE  WATER  WHEELS. 

ROCK  BREAKERS,  DRY  JIGS. 

Bullock's  Diamond  Drills 


GOLDEN  GATE  CONCENTRATORS, 

GREATEST  CAPACITY  OF  ANY   CONCENTRATOR  MADE, 
One  Machine  Taking  Pulp  from  10  Stamps. 


SAW    MILLS,    MACHINE    TOOLS, 
PLANING  MILLS,  INJECTORS  and  EJECTORS 
BELTING,  PACKING,  OILS,  LUBRICATORS, 
FIRE    EXTINGUISHERS, 
CENTRIFUGAL  PUMPS 
ROTARY  PUMPS,  GANG  EDGERS, 
CAMPBELL'S    STEAM    FEEDS, 
MILL    and    MINE    SUPPLIES. 


ox:ri>rx:fi..a..Xs    .A.&xiKrT's    js'Oi*. 


WESTINGHOUSE    AUTOMATIC     ENGINES. 


SALES  DDRINQ  LAST  FOUR  MONTHS: 

(jKjNLir kJU ViiJ,  5215  HORSE  POWER.  o  1  A.JN  JJ.cLJ:CjJ,  4500  horse  power.  JU.NiOrw,  4260 

Grx-«,xxc3.    "Fota.!,    309    Zixislzieo*    .^^ss^^sa.tlue   13.875    XZor-ise    Fox>«7-ei7. 


SG  ENGINES, 
BORSE  POWER. 


21  and  23  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


189  Clarence  St.,  Sydney,  N.  S.  W. 


THE     PELTOIT     W-A.TER     "WHEEL    THE  GATES 

ORE  AND  ROCK  CRUSHER 


GIVES    THE    HIGHEST    EFFICIENCY    OF    ANY    WHEEL    IN     THE    WORLD. 


OVER  800  ALREADY  IN  USE. 

Affords  the  Moat  Simple  and  Reliable  Power  for  all 
Mining   and   MaDufaotariog   Macfainery. 

Adapted  to  heade  running  from  20  up  to  2  000  feet. 

From  12  to  20  per  cent  better  reeulta  guaranteed  than 
can  be  produced  from  any  other  Wheel  in  the  Country. 

ELECTRIC  TRANSMISSION. 

Power  from  these  Wheels  can  be  transmitted  long 
discancBB  with  small  loss,  and  ia  now  extensively  used  in 
all  parts  of  the  country  for  generating  both  power  and 
light. 

APPLICATIONS 

Should  state  amount^  and  head  of  water,  power  required, 
and  for  what  purpose  ;  with  approximate  length  of  pipe  ; 
also,  whether  the  application  is  with  reference  to  Wheels 
or  Motors  described  below.     SEND  FOR  CIRCULARS. 

The  Pelton  Water  Wheel  Co. 

121  MAIN  ST.,  SA.N  FRANCISCO,  CAL, 


THE  MOST  IMPORTANT 
IMPROVEMENT 

That  Has  Ever  Been  Uads  in  This  Class 
of  Machinery. 

ir  WILL  DO  MUCH  FINER  WORK 

Tban  Any  Other, 

AND  AT  ONE-HALF  THE  COST  IN  WEAR. 


OINT      -W-A-TPE; 


ivj: 


Varying  from  the  fraction  of  1  up  to  15  and  20-horBe  power.     Unequaled   fnr   all   light-running  maohinery.     Warranted  to  develop  a  given 
amount  of  power  with  one-half  the  water  required  by  any  other,     ^ar  SEND  FOR  MOTOR  CIRCULAR.     ADDRESS  AS  ABOVE."®! 


The  Pelton  WaterWheel  Co. 

121-123  MAIN  STREET, 

GENEKAI.   WESTERN  AGENTS. 


NOTICE  TO  GOLD  MINERS! 

I 


JUSTINIAN  CAIRE.  Agent. 

521  &  523  Market  St.,  San  Francisco, 


-DRALRR    B— 


f3j^^%7-iisrcsr  GtOXjJd; 


Assayers'  and  Mining  Material. 


-UANUFACTURBR    OP— 


QDARTZ.  GRAVEL,  OR  PLACER  MINES.  MADE  OF  BEST  SOFT  LAKF      DPERIOR  COPPER 

Oar  plates  are  guaranteed,  aort  by  actual  experience  are  proved,  the   beaJ  In  weight   of  Sll-  BATTERY   SCREENS  AND   WIRE   CLOTH 

ver  and  durability.     Old  Mining  Plates  Replated,  Bjught,  or  Gold  Separated.    THOUSAMDS  

OF    ORDERS    FILLED.  ,        ^  .      „n„_T»r<!. 

SAN    FRANCISCO    NOVELTY,  GOLD,  SILVER    AND    NICKEL    PLATING  WORKS,  ^'>^^  '"  HOSKIHS 

1 08  and  1 1 2  First  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.  HTDKO-CAKBON    ASSAT   FUBNACES 

^  SENn  FOR  CIROULARS.  ^^^_^^^_^^^^^^^^^_^^^^__^^^^_____^_______ 


liyiP0RTMTT0"MOlM^ 

SILVER-PLATED  AMALGAM  PLATES  for  SAVING  GOLD 

IN    QUARTZ,    GRAVEL    AND    PLACER    MINING. 
PRICES  GREATLY  REDUCED. 

Only  Refined  SUver  and  Best  Copper  used.    Over  3000  Orders  filled.    Fifteen  Medals  Awarded.    Old  Mining  Plates  can   be 

Keplated,    Old  Plates  Bonght,  or  Gold  Separated. 

These  Plates  c«d  alao  bo  purchaBBd  ot  JOHN  TAILOR  *  OO.,  Corner  First  and  Mission  Sts 

San  Francisco  Gold,  Silver  and  Nickel  Plating  Works,  653  &  655  Mission  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  E.  G.  Denniston,  Prop'r. 

Our  Plates  have  been  used  for  20  yearfr   T&ey  hftveiproved  the  beat.   We  adhere  BtrlcWy  to  contract  In  welaht  of  Silver  and 
Copper.     SilND  FJB  OIBCnLAB, 


426 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Jdnb21,  1890 


IMPROVED    BELT    FRUE   ORE  CONCENTRATOR. 


The  Baat  Ore  Concentrator  in  the  market,  having  double 
the  Cipaoity  and  doing  its  work  aa  close  aa  the  plain  Belt 
machine,  while  its  concentrations  are  clean.  It  is  need  in 
a  number  of  Mills,  the  most  notable  of  which  is  the 
Alaska  M.  &  M.  Go's  Mill,  where  24  Improved  Belt  Frues 
are  taking  the  Palp  from  120  Stamps,  crushing  350  tons 
per  day,  and  is  giving  entire  sacisfaction  as  against  48 
plain  Belt  Michines,  taking  the  Pulp  from  the  other  120 
Stamps. 

♦ 

Price  of  Improved  Belt  Frue  Vanner,  $82^,  f.  o,  b. 
Price  of  Plain  Belt   Frue  Vanner,  $575,  f.  o.  b. 


For  Pamphlets,  Testimonials  and   farther  information 
apply  at  o3ice. 


^^'SO/ 


Protected  by  Patents  Becember  22,  1874;  September  2 
1879;  April  27,  1880;  March  22.  1881;  February  20,  1883; 
September  IS,  1S83;  July  24,  1888.     Patents  applied  for. 

There  are  Over  2200  Plain  Belt  Machines  now 
In  Use. 

Thk  Montana  Compant  (Limited),  London,  October  S,  1885. 
Drak  Sirs  :— Having  tested  three  of  your  Frue  Vanners  in  a  com- 
petitive trial  with  other  eimiiar  machines  (Triumph),  we  have  aatiefied 
ouraelvea  of  the  superiority  of  your  Vannera,  as  is  evidenced  by  the 
fact  of  our  having  ordered  20  more  of  your  machines  for  immediate 
delivery.     Youra  truly,         THE  MOMTANA  COMPANY  (Limited). 

N.  B. — Since  the  above  was  written  the  20  Vannera,  havinjr  been 
started,  gave  such  satisfaction  that  44  additional  Frues  and  rcora 
stamps  have  been  purchased.  ADAMS    &    CARTER. 


ADAMS  &  CARTER,  Agents  FRUE  VANNING  MACHINE  o»^.,  ^oom  15.  No.  132  Market  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


CALIFORNIA    WIRE    WORKS 


-«nfa»ri  a.  -i=iT .-rra-r^-m-rt    1852.       XKa'C;Ofi.FOZl.A.1'X:X9    X882. 


MANUFAOTUBERS  OF 

Steel  Wire  Rope, 

OF  ALL  KINDS  FOR 

GABLE  RAILWAYS, 

ROPEWAYS  and  TRAMWAYS, 

Mining,  Shipping  &  General  Purposes. 


WIRE, 

BARBED   WIRE, 
WIRE   NAILS, 

WIRE    CLOTH. 

Full  Assortment  Always  In  Stock. 


OFFICE  : 

9  Fremont  Street,  San  Francisco, 

Send  for  Illustrated  Catalogiie.  TRANSPORTATION     OF    ORK     BY     HALI,IDIE*S     PATENT    WIRE     ROPEWAY. 


hallidie's 
Patent  VV'RE  Ropeway, 

For  the  Economical  and  Rapid 

Transportation   of   Ore 

and  other  material. 


ErccteJ  by  Ua  Durint'  the  Past  Fourtceu  Years  hi  Sj  ans  o 

200  TO  2.000  FEET. 


Simple,  Economical  and  Durable. 


HAVE   BEEN  THOROUGHLY  TESTED 
In  all  Paris  of  the  Country. 


DAVIDSON    STEAM    PUMPS. 

Risdon  Iron  and  Locomotive  Works, 


Boiler-Feed  Pumps, 
Tank  Pumps, 
Marine  Pumps. 
Wrecking  Pumps, 
Fire  Pumps, 
Brewery  Pumps, 
Mining  Pumps. 
Low    Pressure 

Pumps, 
Vertical  Pumps. 
Balanced    Hydraulic 

AND 

Heavy  Pressure  Valve. 


S.  E.  COR.  HOWARD  AND  BEALE  STS., 

San  Francisco. 


Sugar  House  Pumps. 
Railroad  Pumps. 
Vacuum  Pumps. 
Air  Pumps. 
Circulating  Pumps, 
Tannery  Pumps, 
Hydraulic  Pumps, 
Elevator  Pumps, 
Independent  Air 

Pump  and  Jet 

Condenser. 
Artesian  or  Deep 

Well  Pumps. 


The  Only  Steam  Pump  Made  that  can  be  run  at  High  Piston  Speed  without  Shock  and  with  Safety  to  the  Machine.    Piston   Rods, 

StuflEing-Boxes,  Valve  Seats,  Stems  and  Linings  of  Water  Cylinders  are  of  Be.'Ot  Composition  Metal,  D.  S.  Standard. 
EVERY    P\MP    THOBOUGHLY    TESTED    BEFORE    LEAVIHG    FACTORY.  Seotld    for    Ojata-logxios. 


GRANGER'S  ROLLER  STAMP  Mill 

Bnats  tliom  nil.    "Works  dry  orcn.    Bfakcs  c^  en  gran- 
ulalioa.    Ko  diiod  Willie,  hciir.c  iiiiniDium  wear. 

A.  P.  GRANGER,  Denver,  Colo. 


GRANGER'S  DRY  ORE  SEPARATOR 

The  very  bcPt.  Uses  no  wnter.  No  (reezing  up. 
Rnvcstirnilins  waste.  Saves  high  percentage.  Send 
Tor  circulars.  „    .^  „  , 

A.  P.  GKAUGEK,  Denver,  Colo. 


FOR  SALE— CHEAPEST  OF  ALL! 

TWENTY-STAMP   MILL, 

Complete   Ore   Feeders,   Plates  and    Power, 
One  Doable  Bolst  Cable  and  Baobets, 

Everything  In  first-class  condition.     Ternia  caEh.    Must 
Bell  quick.     Addresa 

EUGENE  KNAPP,  Columbia,  Tuolumne  Co.,  Cal. 


WM.  H.  OONLY, 

Agent  and    Company   Piomoter. 

Laud  and  Miiiintr  Propertiea  a  Spcciilty, 

124  S.aNSOMB  STREET,  Rooms 21  and  22. 

Telephone  No.  5057.  SAN  FRANCISCO. 


Automatic  Pod  Safely  Valves. 

Tb*»  MoKt  Perfe  t  in  Vse. 

Adapted  for  Locomotive,  Statifn.»ry,  Ma- 
rine and  FftMn  Boiltrd. 
"t.  Circulars  on  applicati-'n. 

XV,      H,  P  GREGORY  &  CO , 

Cor.  Freiuont  and    I\II>.sion  Sts.* 

SAN  FRANCISCO 

Loa  Anijel'B,  Cal.,  Port  and,  Orrgron, 

Tacoma,  Washington. 


VOL.    LX.~-  Number  26. 
DEWEV  &,  CO.,  PuBLisHEM. 


SAN    FRANCISCO,    SATURDAY,  JUNE  28,   1890. 


Three  Dollars  per  Annum. 
Single  Copies,  10  Cta. 


Gables  tor  Gable  Roads. 

Oae  of  the  items  of  expense  id  cable  roads  ii 
the  coat  of  the  oables  or  ropes,  and  this  has  be- 
oome  more  apparent  ainoe  so  many  oaivdB  and 
aro8iiDj{8  have  been  oonatracted  on  the  iooreaae 
of  cable  roads. 

The  wear  on  the  steel  oablea  U  almost  entire- 


have  to  be  made  by  a  number  of  oomparativaly 
small  sheaves  placed  horizontally — in  the  line 
of  the  carve — whec  the  oar  oannot  be  carried 
around  by  gravitation.  When  it  can  be  carried 
around  by  gravitation,  then  a  single  large  rope 
aheave  is  employed.  The  rope  is  released  from 
the  grip  and  picked  up  on  the  other  side  of  the 
curve.  In  all  oiaep>  however,  the  wear  on  the 
I'll.  1. 


from  a  point  of  observation  below  the  conduit 
and  where  he  oan  see  the  rope  and  grip,  on 
realize  the  enormoae  amount  of  power  and  heat 
expended  in  starting  the  car,  from  the  stream 
of  fire  developed  by  the  momentary  slipping  of 
the  cable  through  the  grip. 

This  rapid  development  of   heat   means   de- 
struction to  the   cable   in  two   ways  ;   one,  by 

¥  Q 


without  aach  a  high  quality  of  steel,  the  needed 
teneile  strength  conld  not  be  obtained.  The 
steel  wires  in  the  oablea  of  tbean  cable  roads 
are  required  to  have  a  tensile  etreogth  of 
aboat  200,000  pboDda  per  tqaare  Inoh  of 
surface. 

The  question  of  increasing   the  durability   of 
such  oablea  has  received  the  attention  of  Mr.  A. 


STRAND    OP    HALtilDIE'S    IMPROVED    TRACTION    ROPE    FOR    CABLE    RAILWAYS. 


PERFECT    WIRE.  WORN    WIRE. 


Fio.  3. 


\y^ 


HALLIDIBS    IRMPOVED    TRACTION    ROPE    FOR    CABLE    RAILWAYS. 


to'l'jJ^^^^'^"' 


OEDINABT    TRACTION    BOPB    OF    BOUND    WIBE-NBW. 
Fio.  10. 


OBDIMAiiY    TBAOTION    BOPB    OF    BOUND    WIBE  -  WORN. 


ly  doe  to  the  contact  of  the  cables  with  the 
grips  and  eheavep,  and  to  the  sharp  bends  over 
sheaves  of  small  diameter.  The  employment 
of  sheaves  of  small  diameter  should  be  avoided 
wherever  it  is  possible,  bat  in  some  oases,  of 
crossing  another  cable  line,  this  cannot  be  en- 
tirely prevented.  The  oablea  belonging  to  the 
younger  cable  railway  company  have  to  pass 
below  that  of  the  senior  company,  and  this  is 
done  by  dipping  under  the  conduits,  the  cable 
being  depressed  by  rope  sheaves. 

Again,  in  passing    around  corners,  the  turns 


cable  is  almost  entirely  from  abrasion,  and 
the  projecting  part  of  the  wire  becomes 
worn  down  to  a  flattened  surface.  The 
wear  for  the  first  few  days  on  the  exposed 
wires  of  a  new  cable  is  very  rapid,  and  the 
wires  soon  present  a  section  such  as  is  shown  in 
Fig.  6  of  the  accompanying  illnatrations,  when 
originally  it  was  perfectly  round  as  in  Fig.  5. 
The  strength  of  the  wire  is  thus  reduced  in 
proportion. 

Any  one  who  has  taken  the  trouble  to  watch 
the  effect  of  starting  a  loaded  car  on  an  incline, 


the  grinding  off  of  the  projecting  portions  of 
the  individual  wires  by  abrasion,  as  already 
explained,  and  the  other  by  the  heat  trans- 
mitted to  the  highly  carbonized  steel  wire,  to 
be  rapidly  cooled  off  in  the  cold  atmoephere  or 
dampness,  and  thus  raised  to  a  hard  temper 
which  destroys  the  toughness  of  the  wire, 
causing  it  to  break  like  glass. 

It  may  be  said,  why  use  steel  wire  subject 
to  such  facility  for  taking  temper,  and  why  not 
nee  a  much  milder  steel  or  a  quality  of  iron 
like  Swedish  or  Norway  !    The  answer  is  that 


\  '  I 

WORN    STRAND    OF    A    ROPE. 

8.  Hallidie,  the  inventor  of  the  cable  eyatero, 
who  has  for  some  years  past  carried  on  somu 
practical  experiments  to  obtain  better  leaults 
and  with  considerable  degree  of  suooese. 

Id  thia  he  has  had  the  oo-operation  of  the 
California  Wire  Works  and  the  cable  roads  of 
San  Francisco,  and  the  record  of  the  life  of  each 
cables  has  shown  durability  Increased  from  15 
to  30  per  cent. 

These  cables  are  usually  made  up  of  six 
strands,  each  having  nineteen  wires — a  center 
wire  covered  by  six  and  the  six  again  covered 
by  12,  making  19  wires  in  each  strand — and  are 
technically  called  "  flexible  wire  ropee,"  and  it 
is  essential  that  they  should  be  Buffioienlly 
flexible  to  bend  over  the  numerous  sheaves  and 
j/alleys  on  the  line  of  the  road.  The  outer 
wires  being  in  contact  with  the  sheaves  and  the 
grip,  and  oftentimea  rubbing  over  the  ground, 
are  soon  abraded  and  a  large  proportion  of  the 
wire  worn  off. 

In  order  to  protect  the  wires  against  the 
effect  of  such  abrasion,  Mr.  Hallidie  hat,  after 
considerable  experimenting,  so  far  modified  the 
form  of  the  cables  as  to  reduce  the  wear  on 
the  wires  and  the  liability  of  becoming 
hardened  and  tempered  to  a  very   oonaiderable 

extent. 

{Concluded  on  page  435.) 


428 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[Jdnb  28,  1890 


(7>0F(f^ESP0JMDE^ICE. 


We  admit,  unJodorsed,  opinions  of  correapoudenta.— £d3. 

Mines  Around  Glendale,  Montana. 

Editors  Peess  :— The  outlook  for  mining 
developments  about  this  vicinity  in  tiie  im- 
mediate  future  aeema  bright.  The  Hecla  mines 
are  working  the  usual  amount  of  men. 
Although  bat  one  stack  ie  running  in  the 
smelter  here  at  present,  the  other — now  shut 
down  for  repairs — will  be  in  operation  soon. 
The  roaster  is  also  undergoing  repairs  and  will 
be  started  up  immediately.. 

The  Wake  Up  Jim  mine,  between  Greenwood 
and  Hecla,  ia  apparently  going  to  become  a 
valuable  propertv.  At  one  time  it  was  the 
property  of  the  Hecla  Co.,  but  not  being  pat- 
ented, it  was  lorfeited  through  a  misunder- 
otandlng  and  ia  now  the  property  of  Meaars, 
Bradford  &  Conway.  It  is  under  a  bond  and 
leaae  to  otuer  parties,  who  have  struck  a  fine 
body  of  ore  above  water  level.  This  ore  Is 
being  taken  out  and  shipped  to  Anaconda  for 
treatment,  the  second  claaa  ore  paying  all  run- 
ning expense  of  the  mine,  leaving  all  the  firat- 
claRs  net  profit. 

Vipond  district  is  now  creating  great  in- 
tereat,  especially  the  Qaartz  Hill  portion  of  the 
district. 

Helena  and  Butte  capital  ia  anxiously  aeeking 
inveatment  there  and  mitfdlemen  have  bonded 
and  leased  a  great  many  proapeots. 

The  impetus  to  the  stir  was  given  by  two 
strong  comDanies  taking  bold  as  if  they  meant 
to  stay.  First  ia  the  Lone  Pine  Co..  operating 
the  Lone  Pine  mine,  for  which  we  learn  thpy 
paid  ^60,000.  After  eioking  a  wicza  about  90 
feet  below  the  old  workings,  their  brighttet 
hopes  were  more  than  realized  by  the  develop 
meat  of  fully  nine  feet  of  a  much  higher  grade 
ore  than  had  ever  been  found  in  the  mine. 

The  walls  of  the  vein  are  apparently  still  di- 
verging, BO  the  width  it  may  attain  may  yet  be 
more  surprising. 

The  vein  was  very  flat  on  top  and  lay  like  a 
blanket  along  the  northwest  aide  of  the  gulch. 
But  as  it  approaches  the  middle  of  the  gulch,  it 
inclinea  more  rapidly  to  the  vertical. 

The  company  has  stopped  taking  out  ore, 
as  there  ia  plenty  on  the  dump  to  run  the  mill 
for  some  time  yet.  They  have  put  three  shifts 
on  the  new  shaft  immediately  aoross  the  gulch 
to  tap  the  vein  below  the  winze.  On  June  7th. 
the  shaft  was  down  54  feet.  It  is  a  tinef  4x9 
abaft,  well  and  nicely  timbered,  and  partitioned 
for  cage  and  manway.  The  building  ia  partly 
finished  and  the  hoist  being  moved  in, 

Mr.  Thompson,  the  foreman,  is  doing  all  in 
hia  power  to  rush  the  work  along,  and  expects 
to  tap  the  vein  at  a  depth  of  100  feet,  when  £ 
full  force  of  men  will  be  put  in  the  mine  to  ex 
traot  ore. 

The  second  mine  of  Importance  at  present  is 
the  Patengale,  owned  by  the  Jay-Hawk  Co., 
English  oapitalistF,  who,  we  are  Informed, 
bought  the  property  last  fall  for  $25,000,  ana 
have  put  up  a  fine  steam  hoist.  They  use  air 
compressors  for  Burleigh  drills.  The  shaft  ia 
down  155  feet,  and  levels  run.  The  vein  is 
eight  feet  wide,  and  the  quality  of  the  ore  Im- 
proving rapidly  in  the  bottom.  They  are 
working  13  miners  and  several  hands,  and  pat- 
ting up  a  fine  stamp-mill  at  Dawy's  Flat. 

The  Handy  Andy  mine  ia  a  emal',  rich 
vein  near  the  Patengale,  owned  by  Mrs.  Ligett 
of  Butte,  and  ia  under  a  leaae  to  the  Panky 
Brothers  from  the  same  place.  These  gentle- 
men are  shipping  the  highest  grade  ore  in  camp. 
The  mine  Is  working  six  men  and  developments 
this  spring  are  very  succesefol. 

NichoUs  &  Gable,  real  estate  agents  of  Butte, 
have  aecureii  a  bond  and  leaae  on  many  claime, 
among  which  are  the  following:  Claims  owned 
by  J.  Kilkenny  et  al.  on  which  they  are  working 
two  men.  Also  the  Aerolite,  owned  by 
William  H.  Brown,  bonded  for  $5000;  lease  ex- 
pires in  three  months.  Two  miners  are  at  work 
developing  this  immense  ledge.  The  footwall 
only  has  been  found,  and  the  vein  is  supposed 
to  be  75  feet  wide.  The  ore  is  very  spotted  on 
top,  bat  one  bowlder  of  float,  broken  up  and 
shipped,  yielded  3^  tone  that  milled  46^  ounces 
of  silver  per  ton.  Some  ore  in  the  suaft  has 
assayed  53  ounces.  Should  thia  ledge  improve 
with  depth  as  others  in  the  district  have  done, 
we  may  look  for  a  million-dollar  bonanza.  It 
is  situated  about  two  miles  southerly  from 
Qiartz  Hill.  Within  a  few  hundred  yards 
northwesterly  from  it  Mr.  Brown  owns  another 
vein,  smaller  but  much  richer  as  far  aa  devel- 
oped. A  abaft  is  sunk  50  feet  and  levels  run 
50  feet  each  way,  easterly  and  westerly.  The 
vein  shows  from  two  to  four  feet  of  rich  ore. 
The  first  class  milled  83  ounces  silver,  and  sec- 
ond claaa  25  ounces.  Over  100  tons  of  ore  have 
been  milled  from  this  mine,  the  name  of  which 
ie  Tuxedo. 

About  li  miles  southerly  from  Mr.  Brown's 
property  ave  the  well-known  Vipond  bonanzas, 
lying  idle  at  present,  but  as  Mr.  Vipond  has 
returned  from  the  K:kst,  it  Is  hoped  he  will  take 
the  developing  fever  now  raging  in  the  district 
and  do  something. 

Mr.  Joseph  Sturm  baa  two  fine  prospects  near 
the  above,  on  which  he  has  worked  hard  all 
winter,  and  hia  labors  have  been  crowned  with 
success.  The  improvements  in  hia  ledges  have 
surprised  himself  as  well  aa  otherp,  and  we  are 
informed  that  the  property  which  he  oflfared 
for  a  few  hundred  dollars  only  about  a  year  ago 
he  now  aeks  §20,000  for. 
Three  minee  ftQout  Qaartz  Hill,  owned  by  the 

G»lbr6|li  Bros.,  ^ve  Moaaea  for  ^l5t00P(  b^t 


work  thereon  ia  continued  by  the  present 
owners. 

The  Banner  mine  is  leased  to  Mr.  Green,  who 
is  working  three  men. 

The  Faithful  ie  an  immense  ledge  about  one- 
half  mile  westerly  from  the  Vipond  minep, 
which  several  parties  have  examined  with  a 
view  to  lease  or  purchasf,  but  aa  yet  we  be- 
lieve it  ia  idle. 

In  addition  to  the  above,  many  other  pros- 
pects have  been  more  or  less  dtveloped  during 
the  past  winter  and  spring,  and  with  very  en- 
couraging results. 

We  do  not  look  for  a  boom,  as  many  do,  in 
Vipond  district  during  the  present  season,  but 
shoald  the  proapecta  now  being  developed 
prove  aa  good  aa  those  already  p:»rtly  opened 
up,  we  will  undoubtedly  have  a  first-rate  camp 
within  two  yeara  hence.  B. 


The  Mines  of  Amador  County. 


NUMBER   II. 
[By  Our  Own  Correspondent  1 

Knight's  Iron  Works,  Sutter  Creek. 

The  water-wheels  and  mining  machinery  of 
these  works  go  into  every  mining  section  and 
the  works  are  well  known  in  conseqaenoe.  At 
present  Mr.  Knight  is  building  a  combination 
hydraulic  engine  and  pump  for  the  Kennedy 
mine.  This  machine  ia  to  be  placed  at  the 
1250  level.  It  will  take  its  water-power  from 
the  mine's  water  at  the  500  foot  level,  which 
will  be  conducted  down  to  the  engine  by  pipe. 

The  water  that  supplies  the  engine  ia  ex- 
hausted into  the  pump  column  and  fiowa  to  the 
1050  level  with  the  mine's  water  pumped,  and 
there  dipcharges  into  the  1050  level  and  flows 
to  the  No.  3  shaft,  where  it  is  hoisted  by 
backet.  In  time  a  hydraulic  pump  will  be  pat 
at  this  shaft.  Thia  pump  economizes  space  and 
uses  the  mine's  nater  for  power.  Mr.  Knight 
has  put  in  two  of  bis  hvdrauUc  pnmpe  at  the 
Piumaa  Kareka  mine,  Plumas  county,  one  at 
the  Wildman.  Satter  Greek,  and  one  at  the 
Marguerite.  Sierra  City,  in  addition  to  this 
combined  pump  and  engiue  for  the  Kennedy. 

Amador  Reduction  Works. 

Voorhea  &  Bjrney  are  the  proprietors  of  these 
works  which  are  located  midway  between  Sut- 
ter Greek  and  Amador  City.  These  works 
have  been  in  operation  for  17  years,  and  are 
the  most  complete,  if  not  the  largest,  in  the 
State.  They  are  ulso  the  owners  of  the 
Pfcceoix  Reduction  Works  at  Drytown  {Amador 
county).  The  Amador  works  have  a  capacity 
of  three  tons  a  day.  Ores  are  bought  on  the 
asaay  value,  and  an  average  of  92  per  cent  of 
assay  value  giver,  and  $20  a  ton  charged  for 
treatment.  The  concentrates  from  the  ores  of 
the  mines  in  the  oounty  carry  an  average  value 
of  $100  a  ton, 

Amador  City. 

The  South  Spring  Hill.  J.  R.  Tregloan 
superintendent,  is  opened  to  a  depth  of  SOO 
feet.  Two  shafts  have  been  put  down — one  for 
working  and  the  other  as  an  air. shaft.  The 
vein  is  ten  feet  In  width  nf  $10  ore,  with 
two  per  cent  aulphureta.  The  mill  has  30 
fitamps,  10  Frue  and  2  Triumph  concentrators. 
Fifty  electric  lighta  of  20  candle  power  each 
illuminate  the  works.  The  able  auperintend- 
ent  wisely  suggests  that  all  mines  should  use 
the  electric  light,  as  the  water  or  power  which 
runs  the  rock-breakers  during  the  day  is  not 
used  daring  the  night.  This  water  can  be 
utilized  to  first  run  the  dynamos  and  then 
dropped  into  the  batteries,  thua  farniahing  the 
electric  light  at  no  expense  other  than  the  cost 
of  the  plant. 

The  Talisman,  J.  R.  Tregloan  superin- 
tendent, has  a  shaft  down  900  feet  and  is  now 
being  rt.  opened  and  put  in  working  order.  A 
ten-stamp  mill  will  be  erected  this  season, 
CrushiDge  at  varioas  times  give  an  average 
value  of  $5  a  ton. 

The  Keystone. 

Thia  mine  is  opened  to  a  depth  of  1600  feet 
on  the  vein.  The  vein  has  run  from  1  to  100 
feet  in  width.  At  this  time  they  are  drifting 
on  the  1600-foot  level,  with  every  inr^ication  of 
striking  a  good  body  of  ore.  This  mine  sup- 
plied 20  stamps  with  ore  for  18  yeara  and  40 
stampe  2S  years,  crushing  2^  tons  to  the  stamp 
of  ore  averaging  $15  a  ton.  The  aulphurets 
average  1^  per  cent  and  run  from  $100  tn  $200 
a  ton.  Tue  ores  are  concentrated  by  Hendy 
concentrators  and  the  tailings  ran  ovur  Morris 
canvas  tables. 

A  Mine-Timber  Framer. 

At  the  Keystone,  Mr.  Isaao  Lspley,  the  oom- 
pany'e  machinist,  has  a  machine  for  framing  min- 
ing  timbers.  This  machine  frames  all  four 
sides  of  the  timber  at  one  operation  without 
moving  the  timber,  and  cuts  to  any  deaired 
length  or  angle,  doing  the  work  of  12  men  with 
that  of  one. 

The  timber  ia  fastened  on  to  a  movable  plat- 
form. With  a  hand-lever  the  operator  brings 
the  timber  forward;  another  lever  seta  the 
cutter  in  motion.  This  is  placed  on  a  movable 
mandrel  mounted  on  a  carriage.  The  cutter, 
revolving  like  a  planer,  paasea  up  one  aide  of 
the  timber,  then  across,  down  on  the  opposite 
side  and  back  uhderneath  the  timber.  The 
cutter  is  readily  raised  or  lowered  and  the  car- 
riage moved  backward  or  forward,  as  desired. 
This  is  a  valuable  machine  where  large  numbers 
of  timbers  have  to  be  framed.  The  Keystone 
Co.  uae  11  of  Mr.  L-'oley'a  water. wbeels  on 
mine  and  mill.     Oae   60   and  one   62'inch  cir- 

9fll§r   p»w  ¥^r§  iRt^  ^irpGt,  %h^  winter  •wheel 


being  placed  on  one  end  of  the  abaft  and  the 
saw  on  the  other,  giving  the  power  direct  with- 
out the  use  of  pulleys  or  belts. 
Bunker  Hill. 
This  mine  ia  operated  by  a  Philadelphia  com- 
pany, Mr.  John  Myera  superintendent.  Their 
north  shaft  ia  down  SOO  feet;  the  south  shaft 
400  feet.  The  vein  runs  from  2  to  20  feet  in 
idth.  The  ore  carries  3  per  cent  of  eal- 
phurets,  ranning  $60  to  the  ton.  These  con- 
centrates are  worked  in  the  company's  chlori- 
nation  plant,  which  is  of  two-ton  capacity. 
The  revolving  barrtl  process  is  used.  They 
find  this  method  more  economical  and  to 
save  a  larger  per  cent  than  the  usual  chlorina- 
tion  process.  The  superintendent  kindly  re- 
marks that  whoever  tries  the  proceaa  mast  be 
sure  of  the  quality  of  the  chloride  of  lime  em- 
ployed if  they  would  be  sucoeseful.  The  mill 
has  40  stamps,  crushing  2^  tone  to  stamp,  and 
16  Frae  concentrators. 

The  Cover. 
The  north  ehaft  on  this  mine  is  down  1000 
feet;  the  south  700.  At  thia  time  they  are 
working  the  300,  500  and  600  foot  levels.  The 
vein  runs  from  6  to  20  feet  of  ore  averaging  $15 
a  ton.  The  ore  carries  2  per  cent  of  fcul- 
phuretB.  The  mill  la  ot  20  stamps  with 
Woodbury  concentratora.  J,  Call  ia  auper- 
intendent. 

Plymouth. 

The  Cosmopolitan,  W.  S.  Weymouth  super- 
intendent, ie  1^  miles  south  of  Plymouth.  The 
shaft  is  down  750  feet  on  an  eight-foot  vein  of 
ore  carrying  H  per  cent  of  sulphnreta.  The 
mill  is  equipped  with  30  stamps,  two  Triumph 
and  twelve  Frue  coacentratora,  The  owners 
are  Bostonians. 

Reaves. 
This  property  ie  one  mile  south  of  Plymouth. 
The  mine  is  worked  by  tunnel  and  open  cut. 
The  vein  is  25  feet  In  width  on  the  snrEaoe. 
The  ore  is  quarried  out,  shot  down  into  the  cars 
in  the  tunnel  and  run  into  the  20  stamp  mill. 
The  vein  matter  averages  $1  a  ton  in  value,  and 
is  mined  and  milled  for  75  cents  a.ton.  K.  T 
Crocker  ia  superintendent. 

New  London. 
H.  Reese  is  superintendent  of  this  property. 
Itjoina  the  Paoitio  on  the  aouth.  The  com- 
pany sunk  1340  feet  on  the  vein  and  drifted 
600  feet  before  erecting  a  mill.  That  takes 
"sand  and  aoajr,"  and  is  an  example  worthy  of 
imitation.  If  we  had  more  of  it  and  lesa  ex- 
pensive and  extensive  plants,  built  on  pros- 
pects, the  mining  industry  would  not  be  looked 
upon  aa  risky.  The  vein  runs  from  3  to  15 
feet  in  width.  The  company  haa  just  erected 
a  fine  40-stamp  mill  with  16  Pruea. 
Plymouth  Con. 
W.  T.  Jouea  of  the  old  Eureka  of  Sutter 
creek  is  superintendent.  The  company  is  work- 
ing the  Pacific.  The  old  worklnga  from  the 
third  to  the  seventh  level  all  caved  in  conae- 
quenoe  of  the  fire.  The  shaft  remained  intact, 
These  five,  six  and  seven  levels  were  drained 
out,  but  the  great  amoont  of  water  in  the  past 
winter  caused  them  to  rtfill.  The  levels  will 
be  allowed  to  settle  before  they  are  reopened 
and  worked. 

The  mine  ia  now  being  worked  on  the  300- 
foot  level.  The  vein  is  open  to  a  depth  of 
1620  feet.  There  atill  remains  intact  700  feet 
on  the  south  end  of  the  Pacific  and  1200  feet 
additional  adjoining  on  the  Indiana.  The 
mine  is  in  a  new  body  of  ore  south.  It  is  look 
ing  well,  but  ia  not  suflBcieutly  devoloped  to 
prove  its  character.  Should  it  prove  good,  the 
mill  — 80  stamps— will  begin  running.  At 
present  40  stamps  are  running.  The  company 
mine  and  mill  for  $2.75  a  ton. 

With  the  exception  of  themlnea  northeaat  of 
Jackson,  all  of  the  mines  that  I  have  written 
of  are  en  the  mother  lode.  The  mother  lode 
with  its  great  length,  strength  and  gold  value, 
isltoo  well  known  to  need  any  description. 
Gravel  Mines. 
The  Telegraph  Hiil  mine  ia  aix  milea  east  of 
Amador  City.  The  mine  ia  an  old  rivor  chan 
nel  that  extends  from  this  point  to  Volcano, 
The  cravel  is  under  an  old  lava  ridge.  A  tun 
nel  500  feet  long  has  been  driven  to  cut  the 
channel  and  will  be  in  this  seaaon.  Very  heavy 
gold  and  large  quantities  of  it  were  taken  from 
this  property  when  worked  by  the  hydraulic 
process.  Measrs.  Keeney  &  Stetzer  of  Amador 
are  the  owners. 

Water  Supply. 
The  mines  and  mills  of  Amador  Co.  are  all 
run  by  water-power.  The  water  ia  furnished 
principally  by  the  Blue  Likes  Water  Co.  The 
company  take  their  water  from  the  North  Fork 
of  the  Mokelumne.  The  ditch  takes  out  2500 
inches  and  delivers  2000.  The  system  covers 
all  of  the  lower  part  of  the  county.  Water  for 
mining  purposea  is  sold  at  20  oents  an  Inch; 
for  irrigatior,  12^  cents  for  10  hours.  Recently 
a  company  have  incorporated  to  furnish  San 
Francisco  with  water  from  the  151ue  lakes 
Thia,  the  Blue  L^kes  Water  Co.,  will  form  a 
part  of  that  systtm.  The  mountain  portion  of 
the  county  is  covered  by  the  Mi.G-loughlin  ditch, 
formerly  known  as  the  Jackson. 

While  the  Amador  Ice  Works  cannot  be 
called  a  part  of  mining  operations,  the  fact  that 
this  company,  with  their  three-ton  in  24  hours 
output  with  a  Sbevena  machine,  are  furnishing 
the  citizens  of  the  county  with  ice  for  l-^  centa 
a  pound,  is  cooling  to  think  of  by  those  cuntem- 
plating  a  summer  vialt  to  Amador,  In  con- 
clusion, I  would  add  that  the  mining  men  of 
Amador  are  gentlemen,  and  the  visitor  can  de- 
pend uppR  »  cordial  reception  and   kind   treat- 

meet.      '  E.  H.  ScuAJ^FFifEi 


The  Gold  Belt  of  Northern  California. 

Ancient   River  Channels  and    Gravel 
Deposits. 

NUMBER   III. 

[Wiitten  for  the  Mining  and  Soientiwc  Prbss  by  James 
F.  Talbott,  Shady  Run,  Placer  Co.] 

On  the  Middle  Fork  Divide. 
In  regard  to  the   gravel   depoaita,  I    will  fol- 
low up  the  line  of  lUuatration  of  thia  theory 
on  the  Middle  Fork  divide. 

The  invariable  operation  of  natural  laws 
throughoat  the  universe  most  be  admitted,  and 
under  the  operation  of  those  lawF,  cauaea  that 
produce  certain  effects  in  one  locality  would, 
under  like  conditions,  produce  the  same  effects 
in  other  localities,  however  remote.  Thia  is  as 
true  in  regard  to  all  of  those  gravel  deposits 
that  have  been  formed  since  the  commenoement 
of  the  volcanic  period  aa  in  any  other  operation 
of  nature. 

The  process  by  which  those  gravel  deposits 
were  formed  was  apparently  very  simple  and 
natural,  and  commenced  in  the  gold  belt,  after 
the  Pliocene  river  channels  were  dammed  up 
at  some  particular  point,  and  continued  to  the 
end  of  the  epoch.  Where  a  dam  ia  formed  in  a 
large  river  of  auffi^ient  strength  and  with  mate- 
rial that  will  reaiat  the  pressure  and  force  of 
the  water  above,  it  is  obvious  the  accumulating 
waters  must  have  an  outlet. 

To  illustrate  the  principlp,  we  will  suppose 
an  ex^eneiv^  volcano  burst  out  at  the  head  of 
the  North  Fork  of  American  river;  the  lava 
would  aa  naturally  flow  down  tbat  liver  as  the 
water.  In  the  course  of  time  the  lava  would 
form  a  complete  dam,  from  crest  to  creat,  at 
Cape  Horn.  On  the  south,  Indian  and  Shirt- 
Tail  canyons,  and  on  the  north,  Baar  river, 
heading  high  up  on  the  ridges,  would  be  free 
of  lava.  The  bedrock  country  around  this 
lava  dam  being  less  resistant  would  give  way  at 
some  low  sag  on  the  south,  toward  Indian  can- 
yon. 

Any  person  with  a  vivid  imagination  who 
has  witnessed  a  cloudburst  or  an  Immense  res- 
ervoir break  may  have  a  remote  miniature  idea 
of  the  process  and  "catch  on," 

Where  this  break  is  auppoaed  to  occur,  there 
is  a  grade  from  the  ridge  to  the  bed  of  Indian 
canyon,  of  1000  feet  within  a  mile.  Aa  the 
break  becomea  deeper,  the  propelling  force  is 
increased  and  great  masses  of  big  bowlders 
and  heavy  material  are  carried  down  by  the 
steep  grade  and  deposited  on  the  bottom 
where  there  is  less  grade,  until  the  erosion 
above  and  filling  in  below  ecjualizes  the  grade, 
BO  that  the  same  quantity  of  water  would 
carry  nothing  but  the  small  gravel  and  light 
material,  such  as  is  found  in  the  top  strata  of 
the  existing  gravel  deposits. 

Here  then  we  would  find  a  gravel  deposit 
where  Indian  canyon  waa  corresponding  in 
every  detail  with  the  deposits  seen  in  the  hy- 
draulic banks  of  to-day. 

The  illustration  might  be  extended.  While 
this  modern  channel  followed  the  course  of 
Indian  canyon  to  the  westward,  a  big  slide 
might  occur  and  change  its  course  to  the 
southward,  where  it  would  find  a  dumping 
ground  in  Shirt-Tail  canyon  and  there  form 
another  gravel  deposit.  It  will  be  observed 
here  that  this  cutting  out  and  gravel-deposit- 
ing prooesa  is  going  on  during  the  intervals 
between  the  lava  flows,  wh*ch  are  known  to 
be  at  irregular  periods.  When  a  lava  flow 
takea  place  after  those  gravel  depoaits  are 
formed,  the  break  in  the  rim  that  let  this 
gravel  out,  being  too  small  to  carry  the  large 
quantity  of  lava,  the  result  ia,  the  gravel  de- 
poaita are  partially  capped  and  the  break 
completely  blocked  up.  A  similar  break 
might  occur  to  the  north  toward  Bear  river, 
and  under  the  aame  conditions  would  produce 
like    results.     It   waa   by  these  methods  that 

The  Modern  Channels  and  Basins 

Were  cut  out  and  filled  up  with  bowlders 
and  gravel.  Ouly  on  this  principle  can  we 
account  for  the  numerous  channels  in  the 
aame  locality  running  in  opposite  directions 
and  gravel  depoaits  many  miles  apart,  having 
a  common  source. 

In  ace  ordance  with  the  foregoing  views, 
then  I  asaumn  that  all  of  the  eravel  depositu 
bat  ween  the  North  and  Middle  Forks  of  Amer- 
ican river,  within  the  gold  belt,  comprise  one 
independent  syatem  and  have  one  common 
source  from  the  ancient  river  channel  in  the 
Middle  Fork  divide.  It  would  not  accord  with 
the  natural  order  of  things  for  two  or  more 
Pliocene  or  ancient  rivers  to  run  unobatructed 
in  close  proximity  in  a  mountain  region  like 
thia.  I  conclude,  then,  that  there  waa  but  one 
anciant  river  and  its  tributaries  ran  in  thia 
divide  at  the  commencement  of  the  volcanic 
period,  and  that  ita  obstruction  and  entire  ob- 
literation can  ba  traced  directly  to  the  lava 
fljw  as  the  prime  cause  daring  that  period. 

Taking  a  Practical  View 
Of  the  whole  subject,  aside  from  geological 
theory,  it  must  be  obvious  that  the  entire  slope 
from  the  eummit  of  the  Sierras  to  the  sea,  and 
from  the  lava  beds  in  the  North,  several  hun- 
dred milea  to  the  South,  waa  involved  in  the 
great  revolution  by  which  a  whole  grand  river- 
syetem  was  obliterated  and  a  new  one  estab- 
lish ^d. 
fcoqi  the  fltaodpoiot  oo  lome  high  )ay»  ridge 


JPNB  28,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


429 


io  the  Kold  b)U,  the  vartoas  exiatioft  ooDditioDB 
are  acuoaoted  for. 

The  iodicUioDB  are  that  the  volcaoiu  period 
woe  ashered  id  by  aome  (treat  uoovultiou  that 
(tavevxiBtbDce  to  the  coaHt  line  rauKe  of  mouot- 
aiof,  aad  iiuok  the  iuterveoiog  regioa  tietweeo 
this  raoge  of  moaotaina  and  the  Sierra  Nevadar 
a  thoaaaod  feet  below  tea  level.  To  aocoaoc 
for  the  varyiuK  coodicioai  obptrved  throughoat 
a  large  exteot  r.f  Central  and  Northhro  C  lifor- 
DU,  io  rt-gard  to  this  Bobj  ct,  the  country  be* 
tween  the  coaflt  Hoe  of  tnuuotaiDs  and  the  aum* 
init  of  the  Hieriaa  may  be 

Divided  Into  Five  Sectloos. 
Kkuh  one  distiDKaUhed  by  coed  tiooa  aa  pfoul 
iar  and  marked  aa  if  separated  by  a  mouottio 
rangf,  but  still  holdiof;;  ioaeparable  relatioos 
with  L-aoh  other  with  refereooe  to  the  tiaal  re- 
sult. 

i«t.  Thi"  seotion  iooludes  what  is  now  the 
Hiy  of  Sao  I'Vanoiaco,  the  Sioramunto  and  San 
Jjaquin  valleys. 

2d.  The  lower  foothill  oonntry,  extendiog 
from  the  valley  to  ao  altitude  of  about  1500 
fept  ("the  citrus  belt"). 

;il.     The  upper  foothill  country;  this  eeotlon 
ioolud«B  the  country  between  the  "oitraa"  and 
gold  btlta. 
4:h.     The  gold  belt. 

5th.  The  mountaiD  section  extends  from  the 
gold  belt  to  the  summit  of  the  Sierraa, 

In  regard  to  the  first  eeotion,  it  mast  beobvi* 
cue  that  the  sinking  or  subaideooe  here  ac 
ooonta  for  the  change  of  level,  and  from  the 
immenae  deposits  of  gr&vel — from  500  to  1000 
feet  deep — ia  theae  valleys  bw-Iow  eea  level,  we 
conclude  here  is  the  center  of  the  great  deprea 
aioD,  toward  which  the  subseqaent  erosions 
converge. 

This  change  of  level  effects  a  two-fold  pur- 
pose, in  giving  the  opportunity  for  erosion  in 
the  higher  sectiona,  and  forming  a  vast  dump 
for  the  material  brought  down. 

Whether  theae  gravel  deposits  were  brought 
down  by  the  ancient  or  modern  aystem,  or  not, 
ia  immaterial.  The  indications  are  that  the 
lower  foothill  country  was  not  materially  af- 
fected, except  by  having  the  lower  portion 
submerged  by  the  accumulating  waters  in  the 
landlocked  section  below. 

These  ancient  rivers  had  been  dumping  their 
golden  gravels  along  this  lower  foothill  section 
much  in  the  same  way  that  tailings  are  dumped 
from  the  flame  of  a  hydraulic  clato:<,  filling  np 
depreaeioDs,  blocking  up  in  one  place  and  cut* 
ting  nut  in  another,  thonsands  of  years  before 
the  Volcenio  peritd  was  ushered  in.  It  ap- 
pears the  ^}w  from  the  first  eruptions  consist- 
ed, principally,  of  mud  and  slickens  (atmilarto 
the  material  emitted  from  a  Totcano  recently, 
in  Japan).  Immenae  quaoMties  were  emitted 
before  the  lava  began  to  :Qow  to  any  great 
amount,  filling  op  the  ancient  channels  in  the 
gold  belt,  in  some  places  a  mile  wide  and  200 
feet  deep,  and  following  those  channels  down  to 
their  dumps  in  the  lower  seotion,  miles  in  ex- 
tent, to  a  considerable  depth,  was  deposited  in 
the  valleys.  In  the  gold  belt  this  material 
generally  overlies  the  bottom  pay  deposit  in 
the  ancient  channels,  and  by  most  miners  is 
called  "  mountain  cement,"  In  the  valleys  the 
same  material  from  the  same  source  is  termed 
"hardpan." 

It  is  evident  that  at  some  period  of  time  the 
water  covered  the  lower  foothill  section  to  an 
altitude  of  400  to  500  feet  above  the  present  sea 
level. 

That  the  Statiouary  Sea 

Ever  attained  an  altitude  of  50O  feet  along  this 
foothill  section  is  improbable;  and  this  condition 
is  accounted  for  in  a  more  natural  and  reason 
able  way.  By  the  uplift  of  the  Coast  Rjnge 
from  500  to  1000  feet  above  the  sea  in  a  contin- 
aoup,  nnbroken  line,  alt  commnnication  be* 
tweeo  the  sea  and  this  inland  depression  was 
cut  off.  Coder  these  conditions,  it  must  be  ob- 
vious that  the  drainage-waters  and  detritus, 
from  300  miles  in  extent  on  the  west  slope  of 
the  Sierraa,  would  in  time  form  a  great  land- 
locked sea,  whose  waters  would  rise  along  the 
foothill  section  until  they  reached  aome  low  sag 
in  the  Coast  Ringe.  and  there  cut  an  outlet 
down  to  sea  level.  We  can  see  to-f^ay  where 
this  low  sag  was.  Toe  changed  conditions  here 
are  more  remarkable,  if  possible,  than  in  the 
gold-belt  section.  The  erosion  at  thin  sag  has 
given  UB  the  world-renowned  Gilden  Qite 
through  which  the  largest  ships  &fl)at  can  se- 
curely pass  into  the  largest  and  finest  harbor  in 
the  world. 

The  transformation  was  not  complete  till  the 
waters  of  this  great  inland  sea  had  subsided, 
through  this  outlet,  to  sea  level,  and  left  us 
two  majestic  rivere — one  from  the  north,  the 
nther  from  the  south — the  Sicramento  and  Sin 
Joaquio,  with  their  extensive  valleys,  contain- 
ing thousands  of  acres  of  the  richest  lands  the 
sun  shines  upon,  made  from  the  detritus  and 
slickens  from  the  high  mountain  srctions.  If 
this  theory  is  correct,  the  point  of  elevation 
where  this  outlet  commenced  cutting  away  at 
the  Golden  Gate  will  determine  the  high-water 
line  along  the  lower  foothill  section  and  account 
for  the  extensive  subaqueous  gravel  deposits 
observed  in  the  valley  section. 

The  Changed  Condltloos 


filled  np  and  widened  out  the  ancient  ohannela 
in  placea;  then  afterward  the  lava  and  heavy 
material  was  carried  down  at  interval',  and 
where  the  oondilione  were  favorable  turmed 
permanent  daror,  blocked  up  the  rlvere  and  di- 
verted the  wateri  into  aome  lateral  depreaalon 
or  tributary  uni*fiected  by  the  Uva,  and  by  thia 
method,  from  the  ohaoge  of  leve',  communoed 
the  mouern  erosion. 

(  To  be  Cohtinwd  ) 


Water  oq  the  Pacific  Coast. 

Contamlnatton  In  Storage  Reservoirs  and 
the    P-«lIlattve8    Heeoried   lo. 

(Concluded  from  Itut  wme.) 

Troubles    in  the    Pipe    Syetem- 
A  careful  study  haa  been  made  of  the  quality 
of  the  water  as  delivered  to  consumers. 

First — The  San  Pranoiaoo  supply  is  derived 
from  aix  different  sourcea,  alt  told,  and  conse- 
(|uently  when  the  watera  in  any  given  etorage 
raaeivoir  become  too  turbid  for  us-,  they  are 
enabled  to  shift  the  anpply  from  onu  source  to 
another,  less  affected,  and  thus  to  a  large  ex- 
teot avoid  delivering  muddy  water  to  consumers. 
As  soon  aa  the  rains  ceas*,  thn  water  in  the 
reservoirs  clarifies  rapidly,  and  in  the  course 
of  three  or  four  weeks  beoomes  quite  clear,  and 
is  very  good  tn  quality.  About  the  first  of 
June,  however,  «  Ifensive  odors  begin  to  de- 
velop in  the  supply  to  oonsumers  in  San  Fran- 
oisct,  but  nothing  comparable  to  that  expe- 
rienced by  coneumere  in  Oikland.  A  careful 
examination  made  along  the  conduits  from  the 
reservoirs  to  S»n  Francisco  established  conclu- 
sively an  important  fact,  namely,  that  while 
the  waters  in  the  storage  reservoirs  were  very 
bad,  fully  as  bad  as  the  watera  in  the  Oakland 
storage  reservoirs,  yet  as  we  advanced  along 
the  conduits  it  was  observed  that  at  all  the 
'^peu  ilumes  and  tquedaot  tunnels,  where  the 
How  0/  the  water  was  exposed  to  the  air,  the 
quality  of  the  water  continued  to  improve  pro- 
greaeively,  until  finally,  when  it  reached  the 
vicinity  of  the  service  reservoirp,  within  the 
city  limits,  the  quality  loas  nt  all  tim^s  very 
much  better  than  the  aur/ace  waters  in  the  stor- 
age reservoirji  whence  it  came,  and  const  quent- 
ly  incomparably  better  in  quality  than  the 
water  delivered  in  Qikland, 

The  experience  in  Oikland  is  quite  different, 
and  deserves  careful  consideration. 


proper  remedy  to  »pply  in  order  to  Improve  the 
wi»tcr  during  the  summer  months.  A  little 
rttiiotioDwillshow  that  the  phyaical  conditiona 
are  aoch  aa  to  render  it  impracticable.  That  ia 
to  aay,  the  quantity  of  vegetable  and  animal 
matter  in  the  water  in  milaummer  is  ao  great 
in  amount  that  it  would  clog  a  filter-bed  com- 
pletely in  a  very  abort  time,  and  it  would  con- 
aequently  oease  to  work  until  cleaned.  Henoe 
it  18  intereatiog  to  know  what  ia  practioabte  un. 
der  existing  oircamatanoea. 


Have  been  outlined  and  accounted  for  in  the 
valley  section.  Its  important  relation  to  the 
other  sectiona  is  apparent  when  we  consider 
the  vast  dump  formed  for  their  outlets  and  the 
vantage  given  for  modern  erosion. 

As  before  stated,  the  Indications  are  in  the 
early  stages  of  the  volcanic  period  the  flow 
pODsisted  chiefly  of  mud  iiud  ashes  which  only 


Chanffea  la  Water  at  Oakland. 
Second  —  Daring  the  winter  and  spring 
months  the  surface-water  in  the  reservoirs  ia  al- 
lowed to  run  directly  into  the  supply  pipes, 
sedimentary  matters  due  to  storm  waters  in- 
cluded. As  a  natural  result,  more  or  less  sed- 
imentary matter  is  deposited  in  the  pipe  sys- 
tem and  quite  extensively  io  all  the  dead-ends 
and  fire  hydrant  branches,  in  fa^t  everywhere 
that  oirculation  is  poor  or  bad.  Daring  winter 
storms  much  of  the  fioer  loamy  sediment  finds 
its  way  to  the  fauceta,  and  gives  rise  to  uni- 
versal complaint.  As  soon  as  the  rainy  season 
is  ended,  however,  the  water  improves  rapidly 
and  for  a  certain  period  in  the  spring  is  clear 
and  really  very  good. 

The  supply  continues  to  be  reasonably  good 
until  about  the  middle  of  May,  when  disagree- 
able odors  begin  to  develop,  and  espeoially 
when  water  is  drawn  from  the  hot-water 
faucets  the  odors  are  excess'.vely  ofi'sneive,  A 
very  important  fact  should  be  noticed  here, 
that  this  ofi'ensive  stage  in  the  pipe  system  pre- 
cedes  by  one  month  the  same  period  in  the  res 
ervoir,  and  furthermore,  the  moat  common- 
place kind  of  test,  aa  well  as  chemical  anily 
sis,  show  conclusively  that  during  the  entire 
putrefactive  st^ag^  in  the  reservoirp^  the  ivater  in 
the  pipes  supplied  to  eonsnmers  in  Oakland  ia 
alwaya  very  much  loorne  than  the  %ur/ace  water 
in  the  reservoirs  whence  it  came. 

Direct  examination  shows  that  the  true  ex- 
planation of  this  fact  may  be  traoed  to  the  de- 
posit of  filthy  mud  in  the  pipes,  which  is  un- 
dergoing putrefaction  (similar  to  that  which 
aabsequentlv  takes  place  in  the  reservoir  on  a 
grano  acalt),  but  under  infinitely  worse  con- 
dittonp,  from  the  fact  that  it  ia  confined  in  the 
pipe  system  and  excluded  from  contact  with 
the  air. 

About  the  middle  of  June  putrefaction  begins 
in  the  reservoir,  and  as  a  result  a  fresh  supply 
of  decaying  remains  of  vegetable  and  animal 
matters  enter  the  supply  main,  thus  adding 
new  fuel  to  the  fire  and  increaeing  the  evil. 

Experiments  show  that  these  two  sonroes  of 
oontaminatlon  are  sometimes  so  active  and  po- 
tent that  t^e  temperature  of  the  entire  water 
supply  to  Oakland  is  affpnted  therfby.  About 
the  1st  of  September,  1S89,  the  Water  Com- 
pany began  putting  in  new  cloth  acreens,  six 
thickneaaes  being  used  instead  of  two,  as 
heretofore.  A  close  watch  waa  kept 
on  the  temperature  of  the  water  in  the 
street  mains,  and  in  less  than  four  days 
following  their  introduction,  the  temperature 
of  the  entire  water  supply,  some  5  000,000  gal- 
lons ner  diem,  had  dropped  from  72"  Fahr.  to 
68*  Fahr.,  and  then  continued  au  the  latter 
temperature  for  the  remainder  of  the  month. 

An  examination  of  the  mud  in  the  pipes 
shows  what  might  be  expected,  that  it  is  of  the 
same  composition  as  the  bottom  mud  in  the 
reservoir,  and  also  that  during  the  putrefactive 
stage  is  very  oflfensive,  and  contains  active  red 
worms. 

Palliatives  Reaorted  to. 
Any  one  might  naturally  think  after  reading 
tihe   above,  th^t  sand. filtration   would  be  the 


San  Francleco  Water  Improvlnar. 
Nothing  is  done  at  the  itorage  reaei voire  to 
Improve  the  quality  of  the  water  before  enter- 
ing  the   conauits.     The  water  firat   passes  the 
fiah-screena   and    thence   through  open   flumea 
and    aqueduct    tunnela,   and   finally   through 
wrought-iron  pipea  to  the  city.     At  the  outlets 
where  they  empty  into  the  aeveral   service-rea- 
ervoirs,  ia  located   the  eo-called   screen-house, 
where  the  water  ia  made  to  pass  through  a  ays- 
tem of  cloth  aoreens  before  It  ia  allowed  to  empty 
into  the  aervioe-reaervoira.     Theae  cloth  acrflena 
I  "re   conatruoted   aa  shown  in  K(g.  1,  page  435. 
The  aaahframes  are  six  feet  long  and  two  feet 
wide.     Braas  wire   netting   is   tacked   on,  and 
over  that  ia  atretobed  a  good  quality  of  cotton 
oheeae-cloth.     In   midsummer,  when  the  water 
is  foul  with    animal   and  vegetable  matter,  the 
eoreena  clog   rapidly  and   have  to  b^  removed 
and  clean  ones  put  in  their  place.     The  fouled 
screens   are   taken   to   the    wash-room,    where 
they  are  thoroughly  cleaned,  and  the  foul  wash 
waters  are   allowed   to   eacipe    by  a    suitable 
drain-pipe   to   the    hay.     E»oh   one    of    theae 
aoreen-honees  rcqairea  the  cnnstant  employment 
of  double  shifts,  four  men    12  hours  each,  rais- 
ing, cleaning  and  replacing   the   scrf^na,  some 
.300  being  required  for  each    house.     Generally 
the  water  passes  through  two  aoreens.     When 
it   becomes   necessary  to  make   a  change,  the 
outer  screen,  being  little  fouled,  is   removed 
first  and  a  clean  one  quickly  put   in   iti   place; 
the   inner,    or    fouler    one,    is    next    removed 
and    a    clean    one    qnlokly   put   in   its   place. 
This  screening  apparatus  is  unquestionably  very 
efficient  in  its  way,  but,  as  will  be  seen  further 
on,  it  does  not  touch  the  fundamental  seat   of 
the  chief  trnuble,   which   lies   in    the   storaga 
reservoirs.     It  should  he  mentioned  that  theao 
eeivice-reservoirs  have  a  division  wall  through 
the  center,  thus  enabling  one-half  to  be  emptied 
and  cleaned  while  the  other  is  in  use.     In  sum 
mer  this  requires  careful  attention. 

The  Method  at  Oakland. 


The  water  supply  at  this  city  adopts  a  differ- 
ent method,  in  aome  reepeota,  and  it  ia  interest- 
ing to  know  that  the  results  obtained  are  much 
leaa  satiefaotory.  Here  the  screen-house  is 
placed  at  the  storage  reservoir,  instiead  of  in 
the  city  limits,  and  distant  aome  9  5  miles. 
Two  varieties  of  screens  have  been  in  use,  both 
idontioal  in  principle.  Those  introduced  in 
1879  are  best  shown  in  detail  by  the  accom- 
panying, drawing  (Fig.  2)  with  d< scrip  ive 
notee  thereon.  Those  used  in  IS89  differ  only 
in  design.  The  foul  water  is  made  to  pass 
through  eix  thicknesses  of  cheeae-oloth  wrapped 
around  wire  cylinderr,  and  the  eoreening  proc- 
ess is  necessarily  mor^  efficient.  This  systein 
ia  shown  in  detail  in  Fig.  3,  page  435. 

The  screened  water  passes  into  a  clean-water 
basin,  capacity  about  2,000,000  gallons,  which 
is  not  covered.  The  hot  summer  sun  has  de- 
veloped a  large  amount  of  vegetable  growth  in 
this  basin  and  a  second  one  has  thus  been  built, 
thus  enabling  one  to  be  emptied  and  cleaned 
when  occasion  rfquirea  it. 

Th^*  "creeued  water  from  the  basins  passes  into 
the  37V^"c^  supply  main,  and  travels  slowly  to 
the  cicy  of  Oakland  and  direct  to  the  con- 
sumers, there  being  no  service- reservoir. 

Results  AccompUahed. 
In  the  case  nf  Sin  Firand^co,  the  quality  of 
the  water  delivered  to  the  oonsumero  through- 
out the  year  may  be  characterized  as  reasonably 
good,  and  as  a  rule  complaints  are  seldom  made 
and  can  always  be  traced  to  some  local  tem- 
porary cause.  In  the  case  of  Oikland,  how- 
ever, the  entire  water  supply  delivered  to  con- 
sumers during  winter,  summer  and  fall,  is 
always  bad,  but  is  reasonably  good  in  the 
spring.  In  the  summer  and  fall  of  1S89,  when 
the  water  in  the  storage  reservoir  got  very  low, 
a  large  number  of  c.itiz^ns  oeaaed  to  use  the 
water  either  for  potable  or  culinary  purposes. 
They  organized  a  company  and  brought  spring- 
water  from  the  hills  at  considerable  expense 
ani^  inconvenience. 

This  extraordinary  difference  in  the  quality 
of  the  water  naturally  calls  for  an  explanation. 
After  studying  over  the  existing  facts,  I  have 
come  to  the  following  oonclusinns: 

First — Experience  at  San  Francisco  shows 
that  the  quality  of  the  water  is  greatly  im- 
proved by  fiowing  through  open  flumes  and 
aqueduct  tunnels  before  it  reaches  the  city.  On 
ai  riving  at  the  service-reservoirs,  the  water  is 
further  improved  by  paaaing  through  cloth 
acreens,  and  thence  passes  into  the  distributing 
reservoir,  and  soon  reaches  the  consumers  be/ore 
8"con''ary  deterioration  in  the  pipes  has  had 
time  to  dtvtlop. 

Second — It  ia  clear  that  the  Oakland  Water 
Company  made  a  miatake  in  placing  their 
screening  apparatus  at  the  storage  reservoir.  I 
sampled  the  surface  water  in  thf^  latter  and 
found  it  to  be  reasonably  good;  then  laampled  the 
screened  water  near  by  and  found  it  to  be  much 
better.  Thia  acreened  water  entered  the  sno- 
ply  main,  and  thence  travels  a  distance  of  9  5' 
miles  to  Oikland  cnnsumera.  Experience  phi  ws 
that  the  quality  of  the  wafer  delivered  is  always 
ivorse   than  the  loater  in  the  storage  reservoir.  _ 


Thia  secondary  deterioration  ia  unquestionably 
duo  to  Ibe  putrefactive  fermentation  in  the  pipe 
system.  The  water  company  now  propoaea  to 
build  a  150,000,000  gallon  lettliog-reaervoir 
within  the  uity  limits,  and  then  transfer  the 
screening  apparatua  to  the  aame  alte.  I  have 
no  doubt  but  that  theae  new  works  will  im- 
prove the  quality  of  the  water  conaiderably. 

Theae  ayatema  of  cloth  aoreena,  when  prop- 
erly managed,  have  certainly  proved  to  be 
quite  «tr;otive,  aa  far  aa  they  gr,  but 
they  do  not,  in  my  opinion,  strike  ut  the 
fundamental  aeat  of  all  the  worst  troablea. 
Thia  cODoluaiou  is  baaed  on  the  reeulta 
of  a  lonsc  seriea  of  obaervatione,  which 
have  been  nnder  way  for  four  yeara,  and  are 
still  going  oD.  They  ahow  oonolnaively  that 
the  main  trouble  from  oontaminatlon  in  mld- 
aummer  ia  primarily  due  to  the  fermentation 
and  Bubaequent  putrefaction  of  the  immenae 
depoait  of  oozy  mud  in  the  bottom  of  thn  rea- 
ervoira.  Hence  the  experience  on  the  Pacific 
Coaet  goea  to  ahow,  that  generally  speaking, 
fhe  older  the  storage  reset  i>oir  the  worse  the 
troubltH  become. 

Tne  immenae  depoalts  of  mud  In  the  bottom 
have  been  subjected  to  certain  examinationa. 
Ita  compoaitioo  la  found  to  be  a  mixture  of 
vegetable  and  animal  matter  in  all  atagea  of  de- 
composition Intf^rstratified  with  clayey  sedi- 
ment and  vegetable  mold  brought  in  by  trib- 
utary atreams  io  the  rainy  aeason.  The  depth 
of  this  depoait  averagea  ten  feet  and  in  placea 
aa  much  aa  20  feet  in  the  older  reservoirs. 

It  ia  impossible  to  conceive  how  these  ator- 
age-watera  can  be  maintained  in  a  healthy  con- 
dition as  long  as  this  source  of  oontaminatlon  la 
allowed  to  exist.  It  must  be  removed,  and  the 
question  ip,  how?  In  India  this  is  done  regu- 
Urly  by  emptying  the  reservoirs,  and  cleaning 
them  on  the  firot  of  the  monsoonp,  and  then  by 
closing  the  under-slnioes  they  catch  all  the  sub- 
sequent drainage.  Of  course  this  ia  not  always 
praotioabt).  I  hereby  submit  a  suggestion, 
which  haa  developed  itself  during  these  exam- 
inations. 

Samples  of  mud  from  the  bottom  were  easily 
obtained  in  any  desired   quantity  by   means  of 
an  ordinary  hand-pump  and  100   feet  of   stoot 
rubber  hose.     The  same   apparatus   was  useful 
in   getting   the  temperature    and    aamplea    of 
water   at  different  deptha.     Now  the   facility 
with  which  this  oozy  mudoonld  be  pumped  up, 
without  disturbing  the   purity  of   the  water  in 
the  alightest  degree,  at  onoe  euggested  the  idea 
of  extending  this  system,  and  adopting  it  as  a 
ready  means  of  getting  rid  of  this  objectionable 
deposit  at  a  comparatively  small   expense,  and 
without  emptying  the  atorage  reservoir.     Also, 
I  think  it  proper  to  state   that   a  Gwynn   cen- 
trifugal pump  with  a  mnner,  5   feet   diameter, 
having  a  suction  pipe  17   incbes  diameter  and 
discharge   pipe    15  inches  diameter,  wai   used 
under  my  inspection,  to  remove  a  large  quan- 
tity of  black  oozy  dock  mud.     The  lower  end 
of  the  suction  pipe  waa  simply  allowed  to  sink 
dp wn  into  the  orzy  mass.     The   engines  were 
started   op,  and  it   was  soon   aacertamed  that 
thia  kind  of  material  could  be  removed  at  the 
rate  of  1370  cubic  yards  per  hour,  and  this  rate 
was  mainiained  for  9  5  hours,  or  a  daily  capac- 
ity of  13,000  onbio   yards,  and  without  chang- 
ing the  position  of  the  machine.     I  merely  men- 
tion this   fact  in  order  to  show  what  haa  been 
done  in  this  line. 

The  next  question  naturally  arises,  how  will 
the  material  be  disposed  of  ?  In  some  oasea  it 
could  be  discharged  into  the  creek  bed  below 
the  dam,  and  be  carried  off  by  storm-waters, 
or  preferably,  If  there  be  any  shallow  flowage 
or  lowland  near  by,  heavy  embankments  of 
sand  faced  with  gravel  could  be  built,  and 
material  pumped  behind  them,  thua  making 
new  high  land,  whieb  would  Oe  greatly  en- 
hanced in  value  thereby. 


Recapitulation  and  Ooncluslons. 
After  carefully  studying  all  the  faots  and  oir- 
onmatances  obtainable  ao  far,  I  am  led  to  draw 
the  following  oonolusions: 

First — That  the  great  deposit  of  putrid  mud 
in  the  bottom  of  storage  reservoirs  is  the  pri- 
mary cause  which  gives  rise  to  the  deterioration 
in  quality  of  the  water.     That  it  should  not  be 
allowed  to  accumulate  from  year  to  year,  as  is 
generally  the  case,  but  should  be  removed  from 
time  to  time,  and   the  bottom   kept  reasonably 
free  from  annual  deposits  capable   of  undergo- 
ing putrefaction.    That  it  is  practicable  to  re- 
move thia  mud  at  an  expenae  not  much  in  ex- 
ceae  of  that  incurred  in  pumping  water  under 
like  olrcumatances.      That  if    this  ia  properly 
attended  to,  the  conditions  which  give  riae  to 
exoaeaive  vegetable  growth  will  be  practically 
removed,  and  aa   a   reanlt  vegetable    life  will 
become  ao  small  in  amount  aa  to  be  a  matter 
of  little  consideration.     That  aa  a  final  result 
the  construction  and  maintenance  of  a  system 
of  filter-beds  would  become  entirely  practicable. 
Second — That  the  trouble  with  the  quality 
of     the     water      delivered    to    consumera     is 
largely   independent   of  the   contamination  In 
the  storage  reservoirs,  and  can  be  traced  to  two 
separate  sonrcep,  namely,  turbidity  during  the 
stormy  months,  giving  rise  to  deposits  in  the 
pipe  system,    which   subsequently,    when   the 
water  gets  warm,  takes   on    putrefactive   fer- 
mentation   and    gives  rise   to    offsneive  odors 
during  the  summer  and  autumn.     That  neither 
of   these   can    be   properly  removed  except  by 
menne  of  subsidence  followed  by  sand  filtration. 
Finally,  if  the  above  fundamental  sources  of 
contamination  be  eradicated  as  far  aa  possible, 
I  am  of  the  opinion  that  the  greatest  of  all  rea- 
sonable  objections  to  storage.water«  wiU    b9 
praotioally  removed, 


430 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[June  28,  1890 


IQlNIJ^JG   SUMMAF^Y, 

The  following  In  mostly  coudenaed  from  journala  publiBhed 
to  the  interior,  in  proximity  to  the  minoa  mentioned. 


CALIFORNIA. 

Amador. 

North  Star.— Ledger,  June  zt:  This  incor- 
poration  of  Sutter  Creek,  organized  over  three  years 
ago  for  the  purpose  of  developing  the  North  Star 
claim,  between  Sutter  and  Annador,  has  had  a  re- 
markable history  in  many  ways.  The  sum  of  $38,- 
000  has  been  raised  by  19  assessments  of  two 
cents  each  per  share.  These  assessments  have  all 
been  paid  without  any  stock  bsing  advertised  as 
delinquent,  which  experience  is  probably  without 
a  parallel  in  the  mining  history  of  the  Stale.  That 
the  property  has  been  economically  and  efficiently 
managed  is  evidenced  by  the  amount  of  vvork  done. 
It  is  a  matter  of  deep  regret  that  the  operations  of 
this  enterprising  company  have  not  been  crowned 
with  substantial  encouragement  in  the  discovery  of 
precious  metals,  for  certainly  no  body  of  prospect- 
ors ever  worked  harder  or  more  persistently  and 
intelligently  than  they.  It  is  now  the  intention  to 
sink  the  shaft  200  feet  deeper,  making  a  total  depth 
of  1000  feet.  A  thorough  exploration  by  drifts 
and  crosscuts  will  be  made  at  this  depth,  which  the 
managers  are  sanguine  will  lead  to  important  de- 
velopments. 

Miscellaneous.— Preparations  are  being  made 
for  the  erection  of  a  new  lostamp  mill  at  the  Mc- 
Kenzie  mine,  near  Irish  Town.  The  transporta- 
tion of  rock  from  the  Amador  gold  mine  to  the 
mill  is  still  done  under  considerable  difficulties,  A 
cable  of  smaller  size  will  be  tried  and  will  no  doubt 
reduce  the  trouble  somewhat. 

From  Sutter  Creek.  —  The  mining  outlook 
continues  to  brighten  up  gradually.  A.  H.  Gris- 
wold,  representing  San  Francisco  capitalists,  and 
who  has  considerable  means  himself  to  invest, 
has  gone  some  distance  above  here,  in  company 
with  an  engineer,  for  the  purpose  of  taking  water 
out  of  the  old  Caledonia  shaft  and  sinking  the 
same  to  a  considerable  depth.  The  Caledonia  is  a 
comparatively  undeveloped  claim,  and  has  lain  idle 
for  many  years.  Mr.  Griswold  says  his  knowledge 
of  the  property  is  such  as  warrants  the  expenditure 
of  a  large  sum  in  its  development.  Material  for  the 
old  Rose  mine  is  expected  from  the  sawmills  this 
week,  when  the  work  of  cleaning  out  the  shaft  will 
be  commenced  at  once.  The  Lincoln  mill,  which 
has  been  hung  up  for  a  few  days  to  give  the  miners 
a  chance  to  break  into  a  new  vein,  is  again  running, 
and  the  ore  is  believed  to  be  of  a  paying  quahty. 
C,  O.  Mitchell  has  just  completed  a  contract  for 
iioo  feet  of  five  and  six  inch  air  pipe  for  the 
Hardenburgh  mine  at  Middle  Bar,  which  will  be 
delivered  in  a  few  days. 

Oalaverae. 
West  Point. — Cor.  Calaveras  Chronicle.  June 
18:  The  Lone  Star  mine  has  made  the  largest 
cleanup  since  it  has  been  a  mine,  and  has  a  pile  of 
wealth  in  sight.  Then  the  Blazing  Star  is  paying 
off  and  taking  out  richer  rock  than  ever,  and  the 
other  mines  are  doing  well. 

For  Copper  Smelting. — Stockton  Independent, 
June  18:  Supt.  Ferson  of  the  Union  copper  mine 
at  Copperopolis  and  an  engineer  from  San  Fran- 
cisco wiil  go  to  Milton  this  morning  with  Supt. 
Prugh  to  select  a  site  for  large  coke-bins  to  be 
erected  there  for  the  mining  company.  Coke  "is 
used  in  large  quantities  at  the  copper  mines,  now 
that  the  company  is  smelting  the  ore,  and  the  cost 
of  storage  and  hauling  the  fuel  is  a  big  item.  The 
bins  will  be  erected  so  large  wagons  can  be  hauled 
under  them  and  loaded  from  chutes.  Coke  is  often 
brought  to  San  Francisco  as  ballast  in  wheat  ves- 
sels, and  with  a  place  for  storage  the  mining  com- 
pany can  take  large  lots  when  offered  at  low  rates. 
The  proposition  to  extend  the  railroad  to  Copper- 
opolis has  not  been  abandoned,  as  is  evidenced  by 
the  fact  that  the  coke-bins  are  to  be  built  so  they 
can  be  taken  down  easily.  The  frames  will  be  bolt- 
ed, and  at  any  time  the  structures  can  be  removed 
vithout  destroying  the  lumber. 
Bl  Dorado. 
New  Mill. — Mountain  Dcjnocrat,  June  21:  Last 
week  a  five-stamp  mill  arrived  for  use  at  the  Gentle 
Annie  mine.  The  five  stamps  now  on  the  mine  have 
■been  operating  steadily  since  first  being  put  in  oper- 
ation, and  the  result  has  b=en  so  satisfactory  that 
Mr.  Melton  has  secured  a  five-stamp  mill  from  Griz- 
z'y  Flat,  which  will  be  added  to  the  present  mill  on 
the  mine  as  soon  as  possible. 

Gravel. — The  development  of  a  rich  body  of 
gravel  in  the  Rogers  mine  at  Smith's  Fiat  is  en 
CQUragement  not  only  to  the  present  owner  of  the 
claim,  but  to  all  parties  working  in  the  old  channels 
in  this  vicinity.  The  extensive  deposits  of  gravel 
along  the  old  channel,  which  have  yielded  so  well  in 
the  past,  will  yet  yield  big  returns.  New  portions  of 
the  channel  are  being  prospected  for,  with  good 
results,  and  we  recall  a  number  of  claims  between 
Smith's  Flat  and  Morrill's  and  between  Webber 
creek  on  the  south  and  Hangtown  creek  on  the 
north,  that  during  the  past  year  or  so  have  opened 
out  well.  Work  now  being  done  will  before  long 
open  out  several  new  bodies  of  this  gravel,  from 
which  big  returns  are  almost  assured.  About  the 
most  noteworthy  and  promising  of  these  developing 
measures  is  the  bedrock  tunnel  now  being  run  in 
the  Chili,  Stewart  and  adjoining  claims  in  the  Web- 
ber creek  and  Chili  Ravine  district.  The  objective 
point  of  the  long  bore  will  be  reached  about  the  first 
of  next  month,  after  which  upraises  will  be  made 
and  the  gravel  sent  down  through  chutes.  The 
gravel  is  known  to  be  very  rich,  but  an  excess  of 
water  prevented  it  being  worked  from  above  to  any 
depth.  The  present  tunnel  will  drain  an  immense 
body  of  gravel. 

Grizzly  Flat. — Renewed  life  is  apparent  about 
Grizzly  Flat  this  summer,  with  prospects  of  a  reju- 
venating of  that  camp  and  the  development  of 
some  of  the  well  known  claims  in  that  vicinity.  The 
Crystal  is  putting  men  to  work  and  before  long  is 
expected  to  have  quite  a  force  on.  The  Mount 
Pleasant  is  steadily  looking  after  future  chances  for 
opening  out  on  a  large  scale.  The  Ryan  mine  at 
Henry's  Diggings  is  getting  its  machinery  in  place 
and  at  the  same  lime  employing  a  dozen  men.  Va- 
rious other  claims,  both  quartz  and  gravel,  are  slow- 
ly going  ahead  and  not  making  any  bluster  over  it. 
I'he  Linden  mine,  in  Cedar  Ravine,  came  to  a  sud- 
den standstill  at  noon  on  Thursday  last.  The  min- 
ers all  went  to  work  as  usual  in   the  morning,   and 


nothing  unusual  appeared  to  be  on  the  tapis,  but  at 
noon  all  hands  were  laid  off  and  the  night  shift  no- 
tified not  to  come  to  work.  Times  are  lively  at  the 
Delmatia  mine,  Kelsey,  since  the  starting  up  of  the 
electric  plant  and  all  the  machinery.  A  full  force  of 
men  is  at  work  on  the  mine,  and  the  various  Hunt- 
ington and  other  mill  apparatus  is  in  full  blast  and 
working  fine.  The  company  are  now  running 
through  about  120  tons  of  ore  every  24  hours.  They 
have  an  abundance  of  power — in  fact  more  than  they 
can  utilize  at  present. 

ID70. 

Ore  Shipments. — Index,  June  18:  Davis  & 
Keyes  and  Silas  Reynolds  will  make  shipments  of 
silver-lead  ores  this  week  from  their  mines  on  the 
western  slope  of  the  Inyo  range.  The  former  will 
ship  two  carloads  and  the  latter  one  carload, 

The  New  Mines. — Register,  June  19:  The 
Georgia  and  Enterprise  mines  across  the  river, 
owned  by  Messrs.  Hill  and  others  of  Bishop,  are 
showing  up  in  excellent  shape.  There  is  enough 
gold  ore  being  taken  out  to  keep  the  arastra,  just 
built  about  two  miles  from  the  railroad,  at  work 
night  and  day.  The  ledge  carries  from  3  to  14  inch- 
es of  rich  gold  ore.  A  tunnel  will  be  run  at  once 
upon  the  ledge  and,  if  results  justify,  a  Huntington 
mill  will  be  put  up.  The  arastra  is  in  Redding  can- 
yon. 

At  Cerro  Gordo. — Inyo  Independent,  June  23: 
It  is  reported  that  500  or  600  tons  of  ore  are  in  sight 
in  the  mine  recently  sold  by  Dunphy  &  O'Keefe  at 
Cerro  Gordo.  The  ore  is  said  to  be  worth  at  least 
$100  per  ton.  Teams  are  now  hauling  ore  from  this 
mine  to  Keeler.  Thorough  tests  have  been  made  of 
the  old  ore  dumps  at  Cerro  Gordo  which  prove  that 
there  are  several  thousand  tons  of  ore  there  that  will 
have  a  big  profit  by  jigging.  Several  improved  ma- 
chines have  been  ordered  from  San  Francisco  of  the 
same  kind  as  that  recently  sent  to  Darwin  by  Hon. 
P.  Reddy.  When  the  machines  are  delivered  the 
work  of  jigging  will  be  prosecuted  vigorously.  This 
will  produce  a  large  amount  of  lead  and  silver  for- 
merly wasted.  A  crosscut  is  now  being  run  on  the 
700-foot  level  of  the  Union  mine.  Surveys  showed 
that  this  crosscut  would  tap  the  ledge  150  feet  below 
the  old  workings,  where  so  much  rich  ore  was  for- 
merly taken  out.  In  other  parts  of  the  mine  men 
are  taking  out  ore  on  tribute. 

Defiance. — Very  thorough  prospecting  has  been 
done  of  the  ore  dumps  and  the  various  levels  and 
drifts  of  the  Defiance  mine  at  Darwin.  From  all  this 
Mr.  Reddy  is  satisfied  that  extensive  improvements 
may  safely  be  made.  He  has  bought  about  $% 
miles  of  water-pipe  and  will  at  once  put  in  new 
water-works.  He  bought  out  the  Darwin  water- 
works some  months  ago.  As  soon  as  the  water- 
works are  put  in  thorough  order,  work  on  the  mine 
will  be  extended.  At  present  only  four  or  five  men 
are  employed  there. 

Nevada. 

Washington  District,— Grass  Valley  Union, 
June  20:  John  Eddy,  who  has  had  much  experience 
as  a  miner,  has  been  in  the  Washington  district,  in 
this  county,  for  several  weeks,  and  is  very  favorably 
impressed  with  the  appearance  of  the  mines  and  be- 
lieves that  the  district  is  going  to  be  one  of  the  best 
in  the  Stale.  JHe  speaks  particularly  of  the  Wash- 
ington mine,  which  he  has  had  the  best  opportunity 
of  examining,  which  has  two  distinct  pay  chutes,  the 
lode  showing  a  width  of  from  six  to  seven  feet  on 
the  400-foot  level,  the  ores  being  free-milling  and 
the  sulphurets  of  high  grade.  The  Washington  is 
now  producing  well  and  has  considerable  extent  of 
ground  opened,  that  will  furnish  ore  for  the  mill  for 
a  long  time  to  come.  Much  attention  has  been 
given  to  development  work,  and  the  20-stamp  mill 
can  now  be  kept  going  steadily.  The  pay  chutes 
on  the  lode  are  400  feet  apart,  and  the  pay  ore  shows 
well  in  free  gold.  The  quartz  lodes  in  the  district 
are  generally  large,  and  the  ores  being  of  a  free- 
milling  character,  give  much  encouragement  as  to 
future  value  and  permanency.  The  Washington, 
Yuba  and;  Eagle  Bird  are  the  representative  mines 
of  the  district,  and  all  good  producers,  and  it  is  cer- 
tain that  other  properties  equally  as  productive  are 
yet  to  be  opened. 

Hard  Rock.  — r^V/V/^j,  June  19  :  The  Emmett 
W.  &  M.  Co.'s  shaft,  down  between  80  and  90  feet, 
is  in  very  hard  rock.  Sinking  is  costing  $25  a  fool 
at  present.  The  California  mine,  near  Graniteville, 
has  started  up  with  20  men.  The  severe  winter  in- 
terrupted operations.  At  the  San  Jose  drift  mine 
there  is  a  depth  of  5J^  feet  of  gravel  carrying  con- 
siderable gold.  The  width  of  the  channel  has  not 
bsen  ascertained.  Gravel  is  being  hoisted  right 
along,  and  washing  will  commence  next  week. 

Germania  Basin. — Ketchum  Keystone^  June  18: 
Mr.  S.  H.  Hayes  gives  an  interesting  account  of  the 
workings  of  the  district.  Mr.  Hayes  has  worked 
the  Tyrolese  mine  all  winter,  and  has  gotten  out 
quite  a  large  amount  of  ore.  On  account  of  the 
surface  water  he  had  to  quit  for  awhile,  and,  there- 
fore, went  to  work  on  the  Emma  mine.  He  struck 
a  nice  body  of  ore  and  got  out  in  the  neighborhood 
of  25  tons  in  20  days  work  with  two  men,  Ike 
Click  is  jigging  from  10  to  15  sacks  of  ore  per  day. 
The  ore  assays  about  165  ounces  in  silver,  65  per 
cent  lead,  and  $25.90  in  gold.  Nick  Millick  is 
working  the  Idaho,  which  belongs  to  Woods  & 
Phillips.  He  is  taking  out  from  one  to  one  and  a 
half  tons  per  day.  Dave  Fayel  is  working  the  Summit 
mine,  and  has  a  good  lot  of  ore  out,  and  the  mine 
is  looking  very  well.  He  will  be  ready  to  ship  ore 
in  July. 

North  Banner  Mine. — Grass  Valley  Union. 
June  ig:  The  North  Banner  mine  is  making  a 
fine  showing  at  the  present  time.  The  shaft  has 
been  sunk  to  a  point  for  opening  the  third  level 
below  the  drain  tunnel,  where  the  vein  matter  be- 
tween walls  is  seven  feet,  of  which  there  is  a  solid 
vein  of  quartz  four  feet  in  thickness.  As  the  ledge 
is  showing  strong  in  the  level  above,  this  insures  a 
good  body  of  ore  in  the  slopes  between,  and  a 
known  pay  chute  of  over  300  feet  in  length,  which 
no  doubt  will  be  found  to  be  longer  as  exploited 
upon.  A  station  is  now  to  be  cut  out  at  the  third 
level,  and  after  that  the  sinking  of  the  shaft  will  be 
resumed,  to  be  carried  down  to  the  fourth  level. 
Heretofore  the  ore  from  the  pay  chute  has  not  been 
sufficient  to  keep  the  lo-stamp  mill  constantly  go- 
ing, but  with  the  opening  of  tlie  No.  3  level  there 
will  be  ore  in  abundance  for  this  purpose.  The 
present  appearance  of  the  mine  is  such  as  to  justify 
the  highest  expectations  of  its  future  value,  owing 
to  the  ledge  now  being  strong,  continuous  and  of 
high  grade.  The  latest  crushing  of  ore  from  the 
mine  was  cleaned  up  on  Saturday  last,  being  160 
Ions,  which  yielded  278  ounces  of  melted  gold,   or 


a  result  of  about  $25  a  ton  in  free  gold,  independ- 
ent of  the  sulphurets,  which  in  this  mine  are  always 
of  high  grade. 

Menlo  Mine,— The  water  in  the  Menlo  (Home- 
ward Bound)  has  been  about  pumped  out,  as  yester- 
day there  was  only  one  foot  and  a  half  of  water  stand- 
ing in  the  third  or  lower  level,  and  this  may  be 
drained  to-day,  when  the  work  of  drifting  can  be 
commenced.  Pumping  was  commenced  several 
months  ago,  the  mine  being  then  filled  with  water, 
and  the  ground  generally  so  completely  water- 
soaked  by  the  heavy  rains  of  the  winter  that  it  has 
been  a  long  contest  to  get  the  upper  hand  of  it, 
and  besides  there  was  a  large  amount  of  work  to  be 
done  in  clearing  out  the  caved  ground  in  the  shai't, 
and  to  do  necessary  retimbering.  Work  will  now 
go  on  without  interruption.  The  new  hoisting 
works  on  the  Wisconsin  mine,  also  a  part  of  the 
Menlo  property,  are  completed,  and  the  intention 
is  to  start  up  steam  to-day. 

The  Great  Tuti^KL.—fferald,  June  20:  The 
tunnel  which  has  been  started  from  the  South  Yuba 
rivec,  and  headed  for  Grass  Valley,  is  an  important 
enterprise,  and  if  carried  to  completion  will  result 
in  great  benefit  to  the  section  of  country  through 
which  it  passes.  By  glancing  at  the  map  of  the 
country  it  will  be  seen  that  there  is  a  network  of 
ledges  crossing  the  line  of  the  tunnel  in  several 
places.  The  developments  that  may  be  shown  by 
the  tunnel  can  hardly  be  guessed.  There  are  doubt- 
less many  ledges  along  the  line  that  do  not  crop  out 
to  the  surface  that  will  be  struck.  There  is  a  big 
gamble  in  the  proposition,  and  it  is  to  be  hoped 
that  the  parties  who  have  started  the  project  will 
complete  it.  We  understand  one  of  the  principal 
backers  will  soon  reach  here  from  New  York. 

Placer. 

The  Minarica  Mine  Sold.— Herald,  June  21: 
The  Minarica  quartz  mine  on  North  Ravine  has 
been  sold  by  J.  W.  McCuUough  to  Eastern  capital- 
ists who  are  going  to  work  to  develop  it  thoroughly. 
Already  timbers  and  lumber  are  being  hauled  on 
the  ground  for  the  erection  of  a  new  mill  and  hoisting 
works.  Col,  McCuUough,  we  understand,  retains 
an  interest  and  will  have  the  superintendency  of 
the  property. 

A  Rich  Mine. — Rock  is  being  taken  from  the 
main  shaft  at  the  Moore  mine  and  also  from  the 
east  shaft,  and  in  both  the  ore  continues  very  rich. 
Mr.  Thorpe,  one  of  the  owners,  was  in  town  last 
Saturday,  and  he  informed  us  that  the  output  of 
rock  for  the  day  before  he  thought  would  yield  at 
least  $[000.  From  near  the  surface  this  has  been  a 
phenomenally  rich  lead,  and  its  especial  merit  con- 
sists in  the  fact  that  the  deeper  they  go  the  better  it 
gets. 

Shasta. 

Pocket  Mining.— Redding  Free  Pres^,  June  21  : 
Pocket  mining  is  a  science,  and  besides  a  thorough 
knowledge  of  prospecting,  requires  lots  of  patience, 
backed  up  by  zeal  and  industry.  It  is  said  of  two 
pocket-hunters  (on  Rock  creek,  two  miles  above 
Redding)  that  they  have  taken  out  some  $i8,ooo  in 
the  past  tour  years.  Two  of  them,  about  this  many 
years  ago,  sank  a  hole  near  where  another  pocket- 
hunter  had  vainly  tried  to  find  a  pocket.  Drifting 
in,  they  prospected  every  pan  of  dirt,  each  succeed- 
ing pan  seeming  to  produce  less  colors  of  gold. 
Finally  a  pan  of  earth  was  hoisted  up,  and  while  the 
partner  on  top  was  panning  it  out  for  colors,  the 
man  in  the  shaft  stuck  his  pick  into  the  side  of  the 
shaft,  and  upon  withdrawing  it  noticed  gold  on  his 
pick-point.  As  the  result  of  the  stroke  of  the  pick, 
some  $4336  was  taken  out  in  a  short  time,  and  not 
long  smce  these  same  men  found  a  lump  of  quartz 
and  gold  valued  at  about  $300.  Such  is  pocket 
mining. 

Notes.— Much  prospecting  is  being  done  at  the 
present  time,  and  Castle  creek  still  commands  the 
attention  of  numerous  miners.  Twenty  thousand 
dollars  per  month  with  a  20-stamp  mill  is  the  yield 
of  the  Sierra  Buttes  (formerly  the  Uncle  Sam)  mine 
of  Squaw  creek.  The  Texas  and  Georgia  mine  of 
Old  Diggings  is  looking  better  than  ever.  During 
the  past  year  over  700  feet  of  tunnels  have  been 
run  and  over  500  feet  from  the  surface  there  is  an 
extensive  ore  body  that  will  work  $100  to  the  ton, 
The  Sky  Blue  mine  above  Middle  creek,  owned  by 
E,  P.  Connor,  promises  to  be  one  of  the  choice 
mining  properties  of  the  county.  He  has  a  shaft 
down  25  feet,  on  a  rich  pay  chuie  of  rotten  quartz 
and  rusty  gold,  very  rich. 

Sierra. 

Young  America.'—  Aloufilain  Messenger,  June 
2i:  It  is  reported  that  a  Mrs.  Plum,  of  San  Fran- 
cisco, has  secured  a  bond  on  the  Young  America 
mine  for  a  large  sum.  The  lady  was  up  there 
some  time  inspecting  the  mine.  She  is  the  i^rst 
female  rock  sharp  that  has  ever  visited  this  section. 
Perhaps  we  should  have  said  "  promoter  "  instead 
of  rock  sharp. 

SlBklyou. 

Quartz  and  GRA^^U—Yteka.  Journal,  June  19: 
The  quartz  from  Charley  Abbott's  ledge  on  Green- 
horn, crushed  at  the  mill  on  Yreka  Flats  during  the 
past  two  weeks,  paid  exceedingly  well,  and  Charley 
feels  happy,  with  intention  of  taking  out  plenty 
more  as  soon  as  possible  for  another  crushing. 
Thornton  Thomas  and  George  Blessing  have  a  fine 
three-foot  ledee  in  Spring  Gulch,  a  short  distance 
north  of  Yreka,  which  prospects  very  rich  and  aver- 
ages about  $20  a  ton  in  milling,  but  they  are 
troubled  with  water  in  sinking  their  shaft.  They 
wish  to  prospect  it  thoroughly  to  ascertain  its  ex- 
tent, with  a  view  of  running  a  tunnel  for  drainage 
and  working  from  a  low  point  on  Yreka  Flats.  The 
owners  of  the  Joe  Bentz  claim  on  Klamath  river 
have  commenced  hoisting  pay  gravel  and  expect 
to  take  out  considerable  dust  between  now  and  the 
4th  of  July  on  the  cut  just  opened.  The  McCon- 
nell  claim  on  Klamath  river,  at  mouth  of  Humbug 
creek,  is  almost  opened  for  hoistmg  pay  gravel  from 
the  old  channel,  with  expectation  of  taking  out  con- 
siderable gold-dust  after  this  week.  Several  other 
companies  on  Klamath  river  are  getting  down  to 
pay  gravel  inside  of  their  wing,  head  and  foot  dams, 
so  that  by  the  4th  of  July  all  will  be  taking  out  the 
glittering  dust  in  great  abundance.  Down  in  the 
Oak  Bar  and  Humbug  Bar  sections  of  Klamath 
river,  the  miners  are  almost  ready  to  commence 
hoist'ing  pay  gravel,  and  those  engaged  in  drifting 
have  been  doing  well  for  some  time  past.  The 
quartz-mills  of  Bayle  &  Co.,  McCook,  Hegler  Bros. 
and  Bruce  Aldrich  on  Humbug  Creek,  are  all  in 
operation,  and  a  large  number  of  hands  are  busy  in 
the  ledges  getting  out  quartz  to  keep  them  in  oper- 
ation steadily  from   now    on  until  winter  storms 


again  interfere  with  their  work.  At  Little  Humbug 
the  miners  are  doing  better  this  summer  than  for 
many  years  past  in  the  placer  claims^  and  when  the 
water  becomes  short  will  work  quartz  ledges  ad- 
joining them,  which  prospect  very  rich,  Louis 
Fahl  and  O.  H.  Lawson,who  are  now  sinking  dCwn 
on  their  ledge  at  north  fork  of  Humbug,  have  found 
very  rich  quartz,  the  ledge  varying  from  six  inches 
to  two  feet  in  width.  The  quartz  pounded  out  in  a 
mortar  paid  about  $9  to  the  pound,  and  pieces 
shown  us  contained  considerable  gold  plainly  visible 
to  the  naked  eye. 

Nugget. — ^10:^2,  Journal,  )une  20:  We  learn 
that  Dave  Starr,  a  well-known  mining  prospector, 
picked  up  a  seven-ounce  nugget  at  Indian  creek 
1  ist  week  while  prospecting.  The  Chinese  Hydraulic 
Mining  Co.  at  Spring  Gu'ch,  on  Yreka  Flats,  is 
making  a  cleanup  irom  successful  run  of  two  months, 
and  expect  to  have  water  enough  to  run  their  giants 
another  week  or  so.  From  the  bedrock  they  have 
cleaned  up  abDUt  $6000,  with  considerable  more  bed- 
rock to  clean  and  nearly  a  mile  of  sluices.  The 
quartz-mills  of  Boyle  &  Co.  and  Hegler  Bros,  on 
Humbug  are  kept  running  steadily  day  and  n-ght, 
with  a  large  number  of  miners  at  work  sloping  out 
quartz.  Spencer  &  Co.  are  also  getting  out  consid- 
erable quartz  and  keep  McCook's  mill  at  Forks  of 
Humbug  busy  day  and  night 
Trinity. 

New  River  M\tiKS.~ Journal,  Tune  20;  The 
Uncle  Sam  quartz  mine  o\  New  river  has  been  pur- 
chased by  John  Thynge,  John  Boles,  E.  C.  Dennis 
and  James  Gulick.  They  took  possession  June  ist, 
and  are  now  at  work  on  ore  that  mills  from  $20  to 
$30  per  ton.  The  ledge  is  about  20  inches,  but  it 
improves  in  quantity  and  quahty  as  they  drive  in 
on  it  west.  They  have  a  five-stamp  mill  on  the  prop- 
erty and  are  doing  well.  Clements  &  Ladd  are  run- 
ning their  three-stamp  mill  on  good  ore.  They  re- 
cently struck  a  new  ledge  in  the  footwall  that  pros- 
pects from  $+0  to  $  too  per  ton.  Fairburn  &.  ^ull- 
more  have  leased  the  Tough  Nut  mine  and  are  get- 
ting out  some  good  rock.  The  Sherwood  mine  is 
being  worked  by  five  men;  the  ledge  runs  from  6  to 
18  inches,  and  the  company  his  no  cause  to  com- 
plain of  the  yield  of  bullion.  Mr.  Thynge,  who 
gave  us  the  above  information,  says  he  thinks  the 
Ridgeway  mine  will  yet  turn  out  a  bonanza,  although 
they  have  had  some  drawbacks.  He  says  ihe  camp 
is  all  right  but  the  ore  is  not  of  the  highest  grade. 

NEVADA. 

Wasboe  District. 

Sierra  Nevada.— Virginia  Chronicle,  June  21: 
On  the  630  level  the  west  crosscut  Irom  the  south- 
west drift,  600  feet  from  the  shaft  station,  is  ad- 
vanced 240  feet,  the  face  continuing  in  porphyry 
and  clay. 

Union  Con.— On  the  1465  level  from  the  north 
lateral  drift,  opposite  west  crosscut  No,  4,  east 
crosscut  No.  i  is  in  porphyry  and  clay. 

Mexican.— On  the  1465  level  at  a  point  70  feet 
south  Irom  west  crosscut  No.  4,  west  crosscut  No. 
3  is  in  softer  porphyry. 

QpHiR — On  the  1300  level  the  winze  at  a  point 
10  feet  southwest  of  the  raise  is  down  32  feet,  con- 
tinuing in  low-grade  quirtz. 

Con.  California  &  Virginia.— On  the  1650 
level  a  south  drift  is  advanced  146  feet  on  the  east 
side  of  the  slopes.  In  working  out  from  raise  No. 
8,  continue  sloping  ore,  30  feet  below  the  connec- 
tion of  ihat  raise  with  the  1500  level  north  drift 
from  the  Con.  Va,  shaft.  In  the  northwest  drift, 
60  feet  Irom  raise  No.  8,  are  extracting  ore  above 
the  sill  floor.  There  has  been  extracted  during 
the  we^k,  from  all  parts  of  the  mine,  2746  tons  and 
1250  pounds  of  ore.  Shipped  to  the  Morgan  mil 
1099  tons  and  910  pounds  of  ore  and  to  the  Eu- 
reka 1647  tons  and  340  pounds;  butery  sample 
assays  showing  an  average  value  of  $22  '50  per  ton; 
[2730  tons  milled].     Bullion  valued  at  a'lout  $13,- 

000  now  on  hand  in  the  local  assay  office.  Shipped 
bullion  valued  at  $55,363  94  to  th-  Cirson  Mint. 

Scorpion. — The  southwest  drift  from  the  660 
level  shaft  station  is  advanced  650  feet  and  con- 
tinues in  clay  and  porphyry. 

Andes,— On  the  420  level  the  north  drift  from 
west  crosscut  No.  2  is  in  30  feet;  form  ition  quartz 
and  porphyry  giving  low  assays. 

Savage. — Shipped  508  tons  of  ore,  showing  an 
averiHge  value  of  $20.32  by  battery  sample  a^^says. 
The  1300  level  north  drift  is  showing  five  feet  of 
good  ore.  No  change  in  explorations  at  other 
points.     Bullion  on  hand  valued  at  $13,516  70. 

Hale  &  Norcross.— A  1300  level  north  line 
east  crosscut  is  in  70  leet,  showing  ore.  Shipped 
1120  tons  of  ore  during  the  week,  showing  an 
average  value  of  $19.50  per  ton  by  battery  sample 
assays.      Bullion  on  hand  valued  at   about   $28,002. 

Best  &  Belcher.— On  the  1200  level  west 
crosscut  No.  4  is  extended  36  feet.  Formation, 
soft  porphyry. 

Gould  &  Curry.— On  the  400  level  the  north- 
west drift  is  extended  125  feel.  Formation,  soft 
porphyry  with  streaks  of  quariz. 

Ward  Combination  Shaft.— The  1800  level 
east  drill  is  out  430  feet;  the  face  continues  in  por- 
phyry. 

PoTOSi. — The  winze  is  down  180  feet  on  the  slope 
below  the  930  level,  the  last  ten  feet  in  good  milling 
ore. 

Alpha. — The  600  level  east  crosscut  is  in  220  feet, 
the  face  in  quariz  giving  good  assays.  The  600  lev- 
el west  crosscut  is  in  205  feet,  the  face  in  quariz. 

Con.  New  York.— The  650  level  west  drift  is  in 
porphyry.  The  960  level  north  drift  continues  in 
low-grade  quartz.  The  north  drift  from  the  top  of 
the  raise  above  the  800  level  is  out  87  feet;  the  face 
continues  in  low-grade  quirtx. 

Silver  Hill.— The  east  drift  from  the  winze  be- 
low the  800  level  is  out  78  feet,  the  face  showing 
bunches  of  quartz. 

Imperial.— The  joint  Confidence-Challenge  »est 
crosscut  No,  2,  same  level,  is  in  120  feel,  the  face  in 
low-gr;ide  quartz. 

Yellow  Jacket.— Shipped  560  tons  of  oreshow- 
ing  average  assay  value  of  $22  by  battery  sample  as- 
says. 

Crown  Point. — Shipped  during  the  week  810 
tons  of  ore,  showing  an  average  value  of  $20.85  per 
ton  by  pulp 'assays.  A  west  drift  from  the  4C0  level 
raise  is  out  67  feet.. 

Confidence  and  Challenge. — The  joint  Im- 
perial 1000  level  north  drill  from  west  crosscut   No. 

1  is   out   60  feet,  the  face  in  low-grade  quartz. 
Belcher. — The  i'30o  level  east  crosscut  is  in  112 

feet.     It  passed  through  a  narrow  streak  of  quariz 


JONB  28,   1890.] 


Mining  and 


Scientific  Press. 


431 


Assaying  from  $5  (o  $20  per  ton  and  the  face  is   now 
in  (luarif  and  porphyry. 

Cnoi.LAK.— Kxiracied  48*)  tons  of  ore,  battery 
^mpie  ass-tys  shovhing  a  value  of  $32.50  per  ton. 

ExcHKi.iUER.  —The  500  levc(  Dorib  line  east  cross* 
cut  i<i  in  360  feet,  and  contioucs  in  quartz  and  por- 
phyry. 

Sec.  Belcher.— The  raise  above  the  1000  level 
east  crosscut  No.  i  is  up  82  feet,  the  lop  continuing 
in  low-^rade  quixrlz. 

jusTrcE.  — iJiihng  the  week  crushed  154  tons  of 
ore  showing  a  value  of  $33.46  per  ton  by  battery 
sample  assays.  The  raise  above  the  622  level  con- 
tinues in  low-grade  quartz. 

ALTA,--'rhc  ore  output  this  week  was  36010ns, 
showing  an  average  assay  value  of  $22.50  per  ton  by 
pulp  ass^iys. 

UvEB.MAN.— Shippped  488  tons  of  ore  during  the 
week,  showing  an  averace  value  of  $24.78  per  ton  by 
battery  samp  e  assays,  of   which  $16.65  was  gold. 

Utah.  -On  the  725  level  the  incline  raise  is  up 
128  feet  above  the  south  drift,  the  top  continuing  in 
porphyry  and  quartz. 

OcciDKNrAL  Con. —Continue  to  extract  ore  of 
good  quality  from  the  stopes  on  the  400  and  450 
levels. 

Reese  River  District. 

BULLroN  Output.— Reese  River  RcviiUe.  June 
19;  Wells,  Kargo  \-  Co.  have  shipped  from  .Muslin 
from  1865  to  1888  inclusive  $24,929,699.92  in  silver 
bullion.  Just  think  of  that  sum.  And  yet  this  sec- 
tion of  country  is  overlooked  by  capitalists  seeking 
profitable  investments.  Of  late  years  we  have  been 
asleep,  and  if  we  don't  wake  up  we  will  snore  and 
scue  new-comers  from  out  of  the  intention  of  re- 
maining here.  If  we  bad  noiliing  to  offer,  it 
would  he  a  •'  horse  of  another  color,"  but  we  have 
prospects  that  are  worth  many  thousands  of  dollirs. 
What  we  want  is  a  Western  company  10  come  here 
and  start  developing  some  of  the  favorable  mines 
that  can  be  secured.  Then  we  will  see  what  mining 
is,  and  what  can  be  done  with  capital  scientifically 
directed.  Over  $24,000,000  in  silverbullioo.  That 
would  make  qnite  a  pile  to  erect  to  the  memory  of 
Austin's  mines;  and  who  can  say  that  there  is  not 
as  much  again  in  these  silent  hilU?  We  have  plpnty 
of  mines  whose  surface  has  only  been  stirred.  What 
we  need  now  is  capital  to  stir  them  deeper. 

BylvaDla  District. 
BODV  OF  ORE..~Chloride  Belt,  June  21;  There 
are  now  employed  by  the  Sylvania  Mining  Co.  65 
men  all  to'd.  The  shaft  is  down  86  feet,  A  drift 
was  recently  run  from  the  shaft  and  a  large  body  of 
ore  uncovtred  which  will  run  the  smelter  for  several 
months  to  come.  Mr.  Fife,  the  superintendent,  is 
now  below,  and  on  his  return  they  will  start  the 
smelter.  The  mine  is  in  Nevada  and  the  plant  in 
CaUfornia,  being  only  a  few  hundred  feet  apart. 

TuBcarora  District. 

Nevada  Queen.  —  Tinui-Revieio.  June  20: 
Joint  crosscut  between  North  Belle  Isle  and  Nevada 
Queen  has  b^en  advanced  11  fept;  having  no  limber 
has  retarded  progress.  The  face  is  all  in  the  vein 
showing  some  iron  pyrites  and  water. 

Navajo. — South  drift  from  Belle  Isle  Une  cross- 
cut 250-foot  level,  extended  14  feet  and  suspended. 

Young  America  South. — The  engine  was  start- 
ed up  yesterday  and  works  satisfactorily.  All  work 
at  present  is  confined  to  first  level.  As  soon  as  it  is 
in  thorough  working  order,  will  commence  on  sec- 
ond level. 

Grand  Prize. — 400-foot  level:  Winze  stopes 
show  an  improvement  in  grade  of  ore.  Stopes  on 
old  east  and  west  vein  yielding  usual  quantity  and 
quality  of  ore;  520  ions  of  ore  delivered  to  the  con- 
centrator this  week.      Everything  running  all  right. 

Belle  Isle. — North  driit,  iso-foot  level,  extend- 
ed 11  feet.  No.  I  north  drill  from  Navajo  line 
crosscut,  25o-foot  level,  extended  17  feet.  South 
drift  from  west  crosscut  at  the  north  end,  same  level, 
extended  12  feet,  showing  some  low-grade  ore. 
South  drift  from  the  North  Belle  Isle  line  crosscut, 
350-foot  level,  extended  three  feet,  showing  a  good 
width  of  high-grade  ore.  An  upraise  has  been  start- 
ed from  the  drift  six  feet  from  the  face,  and  carried 
up  seven  feet  on  very  fine  ore. 

North  Belle  Isle,- -The  stopes  above  the  300- 
foot  level  have  improved  some  since  last  report. 
The  concentrator  is  running  smoothly. 

Del  Monte. — 3d  level:  Tiave  started  an  upraise 
on  the  line,  which  is  now  up  17  feet  in  good  working 
ground.  Work  in  north  drift  has  been  discontinued 
until  upraise  is  through,  so  as  to  ventilate  this  part 
of  the  mine. 

North  Commonwealth, — 2d  level:  No.  1  south 
drift  Irora  east  crosscut,  in  141  feet,  extended  16  feet 
in  porphyry.  No.  2  south  drift  from  same  crosscut 
has  been  run  13  feet,  total,  80  feet,  cutting  small 
seams  of  good  ore.  No.  2  north  drift  from  east 
crosECUt  advanced  iz  feet,  showing  some  ore  in  the 
face.  Joint  upraise  is  up  52  feet,  six  feet  made  dur- 
ing the  week;  top  is  in  vein  porphyry. 

ALASKA. 

New  District — Chronicle,  June  24  :  A  new 
mining  district  has  been  organized  in  Western 
Alaska  called  the  Cleveland  Mining  district  and  in- 
cluding the  whole  of  the  Kenai  peninsula.  John 
G.  Copp  has  been  elected  recorder  for  the  first  year. 
The  object  of  the  organization  is  to  locate  and  de- 
velop a  number  of  coal  mines  situated  near  Coal 
Point.  WiUoughby  &  Ware's  mill  at  Hunter  bay 
is  nearly  completed,  and  will  start  up  in  about  ten 
days.  The  owners  of  this  mill  have  a  fine  lot  of 
high-grade  ore  on  the  dump,  and  expect  to  realize 
well  from  their  investment.  At  the  Sheep  Creek 
mine  everything  is  progressing  satitfactoiily.  The 
Silver  Queen  is  turning  out  some  fine  rock. 

ARIZONA. 

Mohave  Notes. — Miner^  June  21:  Jim  Cadden 
is  taking  out  some  good  ore  on  the  Diana,  Supt. 
Jno.  Barry  has  hi:^  mill  running  at  fu  1  blast  on  Min- 
nesota ore.  McKinnan  &  Roster  are  having  12 
tons  of  Altatta  ore  worked  this  week.  The  Flores 
will  have  their  hoisting  works  in  running  order  by 
the  last  of  the  week.  McDuffee  &  Heimrod  brought 
in  ten  tons  of  high-grade  ore  from  the  Sunset  mme 
on  Thursdiy.  Gross  Bros.  &  Canyos  are  taking 
ovit  some  first-class  ore  on  the  San  Antonio.  Supt. 
Chas.  Harding  Park,  of  the  Sabbath  Bell  mine,  has 
cimmenccd  work  with  a  large  force  of  men.  Messrs. 
Hughes  and  Mitchell,  of  the  Silver  Wave,  '89  and 
Dolphin  mines,  have  been  in  Kingman  this  week' 
completing  the  sale  of  these  properties  to  Judge  Page- 


of  Los  .Angeles,  Cal.  Twiggs  \  Kelley,  of  Ccrbat. 
have  just  had  184  sarks  of  ore  from  iheir  Ix-xingion 
mine  worked  by  the  Kingiinn  SampUng  Co.  The 
amount  was  a  little  less  than  nine  tons,  and  assayed 
$8.51  in  gold  and  S57.08  in  silver.  This  was  an  ex- 
p«>riraental  shipment,  and  will  be  repeated  regularly, 
as  there  is  a  large  quantity  of  ore  in  the  Lexmgton, 
which  will  soon  be  one  of  the  leading  producers  of 
Mohave  county. 

C0.MET.— Tombstone  Prospector,  June  2a:  The 
Comet  is  producing  an  immense  quantity  of  ship- 
ping ore  of  good  grade.  There  appears  to  be  no 
end  to  the  quiniiiy.  and  the  quality  has  improved 
wonderfully  since  the  heavy  shipments  of  six  months 
ago.  The  Comet  owners  have  a  standing  offtr 
from  Socorro  to  take  63  tons  per  day.  At  present 
the  output  is  about  half  of  that.  As  soon  as  the  re- 
turns from  a  20'car  lot  are  received,  the  company 
will  determine  whether  or  not  there  will  be  a  living 
proposition  in  putting  out  the  maximum  amount  de- 
sired by  the  smelting  men.  If  so,  there  will  be 
many  more  men  put  to  work.  The  Independence 
mine  is  making  a  very  flattfring  showing  that  can- 
not but  be  a  source  of  gratification  to  the  owners. 
The  air  connection  between  the  tunnel  and  incline 
having  been  made,  the  ventilation  in  the  lower  lev- 
els is  exi'ellent.  The  recent  excavations  made  in 
running  these  connections  brought  to  sight  plenty 
of  good  smelting  ore,  chiefiy  containing  argentifer- 
ous galena,  cerrussite,  and  massicot,  the  sulphide, 
carbonate  and  oxide  of  lead.  The  mine  looks  bet* 
ter  in  every  particular  than  ever  before  in  its  history. 

BRITISajOOLUMBIA, 

KooTENAV  Lake  Mines.  —  New  Westminster 
Truth,  June  21:  Several  new  ledges  have  been  lo- 
cated between  Nelson  and  the  Columbia,  each  giv- 
ing a  prospect.  On  Eigle  creek  the  American  Co. 
has  put  up  a  small  stamp-mill  and  has  crushed  a 
quantity  of  the  ore.  A  cleanup  of  the  plates  has 
given  a  more  than  satisfactory  return,  and  if  the  ore 
carries  sulphurets  in  considerable  quantity  the  suc- 
cess of  the  mine  is  assured.  Little  work  is  being 
done  at  Hot  Springs  Camp  at  present.  It  is  under- 
stood that  the  St.  Paul  expert  has  reported  favor- 
ably on  the  Blue  Bell  claim  and  a  smelter  will  be 
erected  on  the  property.  Dr.  Hendryx  will  await 
the  railway  connection  of  the  Great  Northern 
(which  is  expected  to  reach  Kooteuay  river  in  a 
couple  of  months),  before  bringing  in  the  necessary 
machinery.  At  the  Hall  Brothers'  mine  on  Toad 
mountain,  a  new  tunnel  is  being  driven  in.  It  was 
reported  that  800  oz.  ore  had  been  struck  In  this 
tunnel.  This  is  not  so,  for  the  ore  had  not  been 
reached.  Mr.  Atkins  has  purchased  a  half  inter- 
est in  this  mine,  and,  with  his  associates,  will  thor- 
oughly open  it  up  before  putting  in  any  machinery, 

COLORADO. 

Dubuque  Tunnel.— Aspen  Times,  June  20: 
The  permanency  of  the  strike  in  the  Dubuque 
seems  now  assured.  There  are  now  two  places  in 
the  mine,  each  showing  four  feet  of  good  ore.  Ex- 
President  John  Scott  of  the  Midland,  who  is  one 
of  the  principal  owners  in  the  lease,  visited  the 
property  last  week  and  was  well  pleased  with  the 
showing.  Shipments  are  now  being  made  by  jack- 
train,  but  a  wagon-road  has  bf^en  surveyed  and  will 
be  constructed  in  the  near  future  which  will  greatly 
facilitate  transportation. 

Richmond  Hill  Tunnel,— The  site  has  been 
chosen  for  the  Richmond  Hill  tunnel,  which  is  be- 
ing projected  by  St.  Louis  parties.  The  tunnel 
starts  in  near  the  level  of  Castle  creek,  back  of 
Highland.  The  first  place  selected  was  farther  up 
the  gulch.  The  present  location  brings  the  tunnel 
nearly  250  feet  lower  down  the  mountain.  The 
company  has  located  five  claims  back  of  Highland, 
through  which  the  tunnel  runs.  A  contract  will  be 
let  this  week  for  the  first  300  feet  of  work. 

Notes. —  The  Little  Rule  has  made  a  connection 
with  the  shaft  on  the  Hannibal.  This  gives  it  air, 
and  it  will  now  be  possible  to  push  work.  The 
mine  is  looking  well.  Ihe  pump  that  has  been 
put  in  at  the  Champion  on  Smuggler  mountain  has 
just  been  started  up,  and  sinking  will  be  resumed 
immediately. 

DAKOTA. 

A  Fine  Prospect.— Deadwood  Pioneer,  June 
21:  The  Gold  Coin  M.  Co.,  the  property  of  which 
is  located  on  the  Parsons  belt,  has  as  fine  pros- 
pects as  can  be  found  anywhere.  Openings  have 
been  made  in  numerous  places,  all  disclosing  ore  in 
what  seems  to  be  large  bodies.  Samples  taken 
from  the  different  openings,  without  any  effort  at 
selection,  assay  $90,71  silver,  gold,  a  trace,  and  65 
per  cent  lead.  This  last  item  is  in  itself  an  impor- 
tant one,  and  in  connection  with  the  silver  makes 
the  best   prospect  for  a  mine  heard  from  this  year. 

The  Bailey  Smelter.— From  .seven  to  ten 
teams  loaded  with  ore  daily  pass  through  the  city  to 
the  little  plant.  Every  bit  of  available  space  is  now 
filled  to  its  utmost  capacity. 

IDAHO. 

East  Fork  Belt.— Wood  River  Times,  June  i8: 
The  East  Fork  galena  belt  will  soon  rank  as  the 
most  prolific  producing  district  in  this  region.  After 
nearly  10  years  of  prospecting,  its  general  course, 
dip  and  trend,  and  the  location  of  its  bodies  of  pay- 
ing ore,  seem  to  bs  reliably  known.  The  belt  is 
about  half  a  mile  in  width,  in  blue  lime  and  shale. 
The  vein  matter  is  porphyry,  spar,  quartz  and  ore. 
It  carries  three  well-defined  veins  bearing  ore,  the 
most  westerly  of  which  is  the  most  fertile  and  rich- 
est. There  are  also  cross  veins  at  intervals  along 
the  belt.  The  Courier  is  located  on  one  of  these;  so 
is  the  Minerva.  Bath  of  these  claims  have  yielded 
ore  running  from  300  to  700  ounces  per  ton.  This 
belt  is  prospected  only  in  spots,  but  its  general 
course  and  recurrence  is  demonstrated  for  over  75 
miles.  It  is  believed  to  l^ad  to  the  main  Sawtooth 
range  at  Galena,  to  crop  out  at  Boulder  Creek, 
again  on  Trail  Creek,  on  the  East  Fork  of  Wood 
River,  at  the  head  of  Indian  and  Quigley  Creeks,  at 
Muldoon  and  at  Era.  where  it  is  either  buiied  un- 
der the  lava  or  swung  to  ihe  northeast  in  the  di- 
rection of  Lost  River  of  Nicholia,  and  the  Rocky 
Mountains.  At  Galena  the  Senate  claims  are 
doubtless  located  on  |its  northwesterly  extremity. 
On  Boulder  the  Ophir  grojip;  on  Trail  Creek  the 
Baltimore  and  Victoria  group;  in  Parker  gulch  the 
Quaker  City,  Elkhorn  and   Parker  groups;  on  the 


divide  between  it  and  the  East  Fork  the  Independ- 
ence group;  farther  along  the  Triumph.  North  Star, 
Venus,  and  other  groups;  on  Indian  Cretk  the 
Jackets;  at  the  head  of  Quigley  the  Ophir  group, 
indicate  its  course.  All  ol  the  claims  or  groups  of 
claims  just  mentioned  have  yielded  greater  or  lesser 
amounts.  The  product  is  nmch  more  valuable 
than  heretofore,  the  recent  rise  in  the  price  of  lead 
and  silver  having  added  from  $25  to  $r5o  per  ton  to 
the  value  of  the  ores  of  ihe  belt;  the  improvements 
in  jigging  and  other  machinery  used  have  made 
cheaper  production  possible,  and  owners  arc  no 
longrr  in  a  tremendous  hurry  to  take  out  the  very 
last  cent  In  sight  without  regard  to  the  future  of 
their  properties.  The  belt  referred  to  is  therefore, 
for  the  first  time  $ince  its  discovery  in  1880,  about 
to  have  a  chance  to  make  a  record. 

New  Mining  Dlstrkt.— ./!'.;/.;«(-//<:,  June  31: 
In  our  issue  of  about  two  weeks  ago  we  noted  the 
fact  that  n  new  mining  district  had  tieen  found  on 
Poison  creek,  in  this  county,  and  that  good  ore  had 
been  found  in  one  of  the  lodes  discovered.  Since 
then  we  have  seen  several  persons  who  have  been  to 
that  mining  district.  Mr.  Brown  is  interested  In  a 
location  which  he  describes  as  being  between  gran- 
ite on  one  side  and  porphyry  on  the  other.  1  he 
lode  is  about  16  feet  in  width,  showing  ore  that  as- 
says as  high  as  $364.24  in  silver  and  $21,10  in  gold 
The  district  is  about  35  miles  from  Silver  City,  in  a 
southeasterly  direction,  in  the  foothills,  about  four 
miles  beyond  Doyle's  ranch  on  Birch  creek,  near  the 
head  of  what  is  known  as  Poison  gulch,  and  in 
sight  of  Point  No  Point.  The  quartz  Is  of  fine 
grain  and  of  a  green  color,  carrying  some  metallic 
silver.  As  yet  little  prospecting  has  been  done,  but 
Iroin  the  way  prospectors  are  flocking  in,  the  coun- 
try will  soon  be  explored. 

LOWBR    CALIFORNIA. 

Alamo.  —  Ijnver  Califovnian,  June  19:  The 
Princesa  Co.'s  mill  at  Alamo  is  shut  down  for  a 
cleanup  and  repairs.  The  El  Paso  is  running. 
Lane  is  running  hard  and  has  more  ore  than  he 
can  crush.  Kerr's  mill  broke  a  pinion  wheel  and 
is  laid  up  temporarily.  The  Santa  Clara  (Torres) 
mill  is  running  on  Encantada  ore,  and  current  re- 
port indicates  very  favorable  results.  Bob  Matthe- 
son,  after  an  illness  of  two  months,  is  again  in 
camp  and  will  probably  go  to  work  on  the  Encan- 
tada, No  new  strikes  in  any  of  the  mines  are  re- 
ported. 

Searching  FOR  A  Lost  Mine.— Messrs.  Louis 
T.  Pegot,  R,  A.  Rodriguez  and  Julian  Rodriguez 
returned  this  week  from  a  trip  occupying  two 
months,  over  into  the  Jacoma  mountains,  between 
here  and  Yuma,  The  express  purpose  of  the  trip 
was  to  search  for  a  gold  mine  of  supposed  great  rich- 
ness, which  the  Indians  assert  was  worked  by 
Frenchmen  as  long  ago  as  1850.  It  was  wholly  on 
the  strength  of  information  received  from  Mexicans 
and  Indians  concerning  the  mine,  which  they  them- 
selves had  been  unable  to  discover,  that  Messrs. 
Pegot  and  Rodriguez  secured  an  outfit  and  went  to 
look  for  it.  They  reached  the  Jacoma  mountains 
in  the  latter  part  of  April,  and  after  securing  the  ser- 
vices of  the  captain  of  the  Indian  tribe  which  makes 
its  home  in  the  vicinity,  as  guide,  they  devoted 
themselves  diUgently  to  the  search  jinder  the  gen- 
eral directions  of  their  guide,  but  without  success. 
Every  canyon  and  gulch  within  a  considerable 
area  was  closely  examined,  but  the  mine  was  not 
found,  nor  did  the  party  even  find  a  good  indication 
in  that  region  that  prospecting  had  ever  been  car- 
ried on  there.  However,  the  men  still  have  faith 
in  the  mine  and  will  go  and  look  for  it  again  soon. 

MONTANA. 

The  Parrot  Chv^.—Inter-Mouutain,  June  17: 
During  the  past  week  a  cave  of  immense  proportions 
occurred  in  the  Parrot  ground,  and  all  that  surface, 
including  the  small  mines  that  are  being  leased  by 
David  Bricker  belonging  to  the  Parrot  Co.,  settled  at 
least  a  foot.  The  blacksmith  shop  of  the  Parrot  Co. 
and  the  outhouses  suffered  in  the  same  manner.  A 
great  deal  of  curiosity  is  felt  as  to  the  amount  of  dam- 
age done  to  that  great  property  below  the  surface.  This 
mine,  as  has  been  frequently  stated  in  this  paper,  is 
the  most  systematically  worked  mine  in  the  camp, 
and  the  cave  that  has  just  orcurred  has  demonstrat- 
ed that  fact.  The  ore  that  remained  between  the 
three  and  the  two  was  being  taken  out  for  the  past 
two  months.  The  method  is  different  in  this  mine 
from  many  others,  as  in  this  one  the  ground  is  stay- 
ed with  waste  and  there  is  never  a  pillar  left  forstay. 
This  part  of  the  mine  has  been  worked  out  for  the 
past  two  weeks  and  the  miners  have  been  distributed 
to  lower  levels.  The  ground  above  has  been  sink- 
ing slowly,  and  to-day  is  a  solid  compact  mass  of 
earth  between  the  two  and  the  surface,  it  only  hav- 
ing extended  to  the  caps  on  the  200-foot  level,  doing 
no  damage  of  consequence  even  to  that  level.  There 
is  not  another  mine  in  the  camp  that  would  stand 
such  a  strain  as  this,  and  it  is  only  owing  to  the  fore- 
thought of  those  who  have  had  the  direction  of  the 
underground  workings.  It  may  be  particularly 
noticeable  that  no  waste  is  hoisted  to  the  sur- 
face from  this  mine,  but  if  not  needed  on  the 
sixth  it  is  hoisted  to  the  filth,  run  in  on  the  different 
drifts  and  dumped  down  a  raise  directly  over  that 
particular  place  that  needs  filling,  and  where  there 
are  men  who  immediately  take  it  in  barrows  and 
put  it  in  position  where  it  will  do  the  greatest  good. 
Below  the  surface  the  amount  of  damage  done  to 
the  Parrot  Co.  was  not  appreciable.  This  is  the 
second  cave  that  has  occurred  in  this  property  and 
in  neither  of  them  have  they  been  attended  by  the 
loss  of  Ufe  or  of  a  single  pound  of  ore,  which  is  con- 
siderable to  say  of  a  mine  that  is  as  extensively 
worked  as  the  venerable  Parrot. 

The  Anaconda  Property.- Montana  Mining 
Review,  )\xn^ -20 :  The  mines  of  Montana  are  at- 
tracting mterest  from  all  parts  of  the  United  States, 
Canada  and  Europe,  and  the  business  of  mining  in 
the  State  is  being  quickened  by  it,  and  its  effects 
are  felt  in  every  mining  center,  especially  at  Helena 
and  Butte.  Just  now  curiosity  in  the  latter 
place  is  excited  by  the  proposed  purchase  by 
English  capitalists  of  the  Anaconda  properties  in 
Butte  and  Anaconda.  It  is  reported  that  others  are 
also  looking  at  the  Anaconda  plants,  who  are  equal- 
ly desirous  of  purchasing.  It  is  believed  that  the 
company  will  sell  if  money  sufiicient  is  offefed,  and 
public  interest  in  the  matter  is  being  manifested 
in  many  ways.  Rumor  says  that  $t6o. 000.000 
has  been  offered.  The  company,  however,  is 
not    showing    any    desire   to    dispose  of  the  prop- 


erty. Work  is  going  on  just  the  same  as  if 
a  sale  was  not  thought  ol.  and  new  buildings 
are  being  erected  and  new  schemes  are  being 
developed  ihe  same  as  if  no  proposition  to  purchase 
the  mines  and  plants  had  been  made.  The  improve- 
ments being  made  will  greatly  increase  the  output  o( 
the  works.  Their  capacity  now  is  from  3500  to 
4000  tons  daily.  In  a  (cw  weeks  the  St.  Lawrence 
and  Anaconda  mines  will  be  at  work  with  an  in- 
creased number  of  men,  and  the  increased  capacity 
of  the  smelters  will. not  be  completed  any  too  soon 
for  the  reduction  of  the  immense  quantity  of  ore 
which  will  be  taken  from  these  mines.  It  is  also 
said  that  Mr.  Marcus  Daly  will  retire  from  the  man- 
agement of  this  great  property  within  a  year,  but 
this  must  be  taken  with  great  allowance,  as  the  .\na- 
conda  people  are  not  in  the  habit  of  talking  about 
what  they  are  going  to  do.  It  is  claimed  that  two 
metallurgists  of  Butte  have  invented  an  improvement 
to  the  B'uckner  furnace  which  will  increase  the 
capacity  of  each  one-half,  and  that  the  Anaconda 
Co,  will  athx  ihe  improvement  to  all  their  furnaces. 
If  this  is  the  case,  the  additional  output,  2500  tons 
daily,  will  enable  them  to  reduce  their  own  ores  and 
all  that  is  being  sent  them.  The  Anaconda  is  a 
great  property  and  those  who  get  conUol  of  it  will 
have  to  pay  for  it. 

The  Placer  District.— The  Dimond  Hill  and 
Iron  Mask  properties  in  the  Placer  district  are  spok- 
en of  as  being  very  valuable,  the  former  being  bond- 
ed for  $50,000.  Work  on  tbe  Silver  Dollar  in  Ihe 
same  district  will  soon  be  begun.  The  proposition 
for  the  New  Park  and  the  Gold  Dust  Mining  Cos. 
to  unite  and  sink  a  shaft  between  their  two  proper- 
lies,  developing  both  from  the  same  shaft,  would 
greatly  reduce  the  cost  of  development  for  both,  and 
besides  opening  up  valuable  prospects,  would  add  to 
the  interest  that  is  now  being  aroused  in  this  old 
district. 

Steam  Hoist.— Boulder  Age,  June  18  :  Steam 
hoisting  works  are  being  put  up  at  the  Hiawatha 
mine,  Cataract  district.  Seven  bars  of  bullion  came 
down  Irom  the  Holler  .jnine  at  Elkhorn  during  the 
past  week  for  shipment  East.  The  Ruby  mine,  in 
Johnny's  gulch,  continues  to  improve.  The  shatt  is 
down  about  40  feet,  and  a  fair-sized  body  of  ore 
assaying  over  200  ounces  to  the  ton  has  been  struck. 
The  Wisconsin  and  Montana  Company  is  sinking 
two  shafts  in  the  development  of  its  property,  one 
on  the  Custer  lode  and  the  other  on  the  White 
Pine.  P.  B.  Clark  of  Radersburg  has  taken  a  con- 
tract to  load  the  ore  on  the  C.  &  D.  dump  at  Elk- 
horn on  board  cars.  There  are  about  2000  tons, 
and  the  ore  will  go  to  Helena,  Great  Falls  and  other 
points.  A  spur  of  the  railroad  will  be  run  up  to- 
ward the  dump.  Work  is  progressing  on  the  Edna 
and  other  properties  of  the  Copper  Belle  M.  Co., 
Cataract  district,  and  the  outlook  improves  as  the 
work  progresses.  The  Boulder  Chief  shaft  is  down 
150  feet,  and  it  is  to  be  sunk  another  hundred  feet 
immediately.  Steam  hoisting  works  are  being 
erected.  Three  tons  of  ore  from  the  Iliff  mine. 
Willow  Springs  district,  went  in  to  some  of  Helena 
sampling  works  this  week.  The  Iliff  is  under  $25,- 
000  bonds  to  Sam  Word  and  other  Helena  parties. 

OTAH. 

Wheelmen  Strike  at  the  Mingo.— Salt  Lake 
Tribune,  June  18:  Agent  Oflicer  of  the  smelter 
stated  last  evening  that  some  20  of  the  wheelmen  at 
the  Mingo  smelter  struck  yesterday  morning  for  an 
advance  of  pay  from  $2  to  $2,25.  This  the  com- 
pany declined  to  give,  and  as  the  men  threatened 
to  prevent  other  workmen  from  taking  their  places, 
the  company  had  secured  assistance  from  the 
United  Stales  Marshal's  office.  No  trouble  had  so 
far  occurred. 

Asi'HALTUM  Shipments.— The  North  American 
Asphaltum  Co.  is  shipping  from  four  to  five  car- 
loads of  prepared  asphaltum  daily  from  their  works 
near  Thistle  station,  on  the  Rio  Grande  Western. 
This  all  goes  to  St.  Louis,  where  the  company  was 
organized,  and  is  used  for  paving  streets  in  that 
city.  The  mine  from  which  the  rock  is  taken  is 
practically  inexhaustible,  there  being  a  ledge  9  to  ix 
feet  thick  underlying  hundreds  of  acres.  To  get  the 
additional  asphaltum  to  mix  with  the  Thistle  prod- 
uct the  Gilsonite  mines  in  Uintah  county  are  drawn 
upon,  thus  adding  still  more  to  the  industries  of 
Utah.  By  the  way,  the  Gilsonite  mines  are  also 
owned  by  a  St.  Louis  company  which  is  making 
regular  shipments  of  asphaltum  to  St.  Louis  from 
Price  station,  which  is  the  nearest  railway  point  to 
the  mines.  The  product  of  that  mine  is  mostly 
used  in  manufacturing  paints  and  varnishes. 

San  Francisco  District.  ~  Inter-Mountain 
Mining  Rei'ieiu,  jane  21 :  At  Desert  Station  in 
Beaver  valley,  ores  are  received  by  wagon  from  Os- 
ceola and  other  mining  districts  on  the  borders  of 
Utah  and  Nevada.  Black  Rock  Station  is  the  ship- 
ping point  for  the  Cove  creek  brimstone,  30  miles  to 
the  east.  From  Milford,  a  spur  climbs  up  westward 
1700  feet  in  17  miles  to  the  base  of  Grampian  mount- 
ain, stopping  at  the  ore-bin  of  the  Horn  Silver  mine, 
which  shipped  to  its  smelters  in  Salt  Lake  valley  an 
average  ol  90  tons  of  ore  per  day  for  four  years,  pro- 
duced lead  and  silver  which  sold  for  $13,000,000 
and  paid  $4,000,000  in  dividends.  For  a  time  the 
mine  almost  ceased  production,  but  it  is  now  again 
paying  dividends.  Mmerals  of  all  kinds  abound  in 
the  region  about  Milford,  and  a  line  of  a  hundred 
miles  long  swung  round  about  Milford  would  pass 
over  the  great  gold  placer  at  Osceola,  Nev.,  the  re- 
markable iron  ores  of  Iron  county,  the  silver  sand- 
stones of  Silver  Reef,  the  coal  of  Kanarraand  Cedar 
City,  the  antimony,  satenite,  cinnabar,  lead-silver 
and  gold  mines  of  the  Upper  Sevier,  the  brimstone 
of  Cove  creek,  and  the  copper  of  Deseret.  The 
Union  Pacific  has  an  extension  from  Milford  to 
Pioche  under  construction.  Through  the  instru- 
mentality of  Wm.  S.  Godbe  of  Salt  Lake,  the  best 
mines  at  Pioche  have  been  bought,  put  in  producing 
condition,  and  only  await  the  railroad  to  enter  upon 
a  second  era  of  production. 

Blue  Ledge  District. — Park  Record,  June  21: 
The  season's  mining  operations  in  B'ue  Ledge  dis- 
trict have  commenced  in  an  unusually  lively  manner 
and  there  is  every  reason  to  believe  that  in  conse- 
quence of  these  developments  renewed  and  to  be  in- 
augurated soon,  this  year's  ore  yield  from  the  mines 
in  the  district  will  be  much  larger  than  ever  before. 
A  few  years  ago  mining  operations  in  Blue  Ledge 
district  were  practically  at  a  standstill,  but  many  of 
those  uho  never  lost  faiih  in  the  merits  of  the  dis- 
trict were  finally  enabled  to  push  developments  on 
the  scale  and  in  the  manner  ihey  desired.  So  now 
the  prospect  is  that  old  Blue  Ledge  will  come  to  the 
front  soon  with  many  ore-producing  mines. 


432 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[JcNE  28,  1890 


n^ECHAJsllQAL  f  RO@RESS. 


The  Sand  Blast  seema  to  be  coming  more 
and  more  into  use  in  operations  connected  with 
all  kinds  of  metallic  mannfactnre.  It  has  long 
been  applied  with  great  succees  to  the  cleaning 
of  iron  and  steel  plates,  brass,  iron  and  steel 
oastings,  forgings,  etc.,  for  purposes  where  a 
particularly  clean  surface  is  required,  free  from 
scales,  sand,  etc, — sncb  as  for  turning,  tooling, 
galvanizing',  plating,  painting,  etc.  The  slightly 
roughened  burfaoe  left  by  the  sand-blast  oaasea 
the  tin,  zinc,  plating  materials,  paint,  etc.,  to 
adhere  to  it  with  greater  force  than  when  pre- 
pared by  other  methods.  Hidden  snrfacea  in 
cored  castings  can  be  cleaned  by  the  rebounding 
of  the  grains  of  sand.  The  blast  operates  with 
equal  facility  upon  Hit,  angular,  curved  and 
oiaer  irregular  surfaces.  It  is  proposed  to  ap 
ply  the  process  to  the  cleaning  and  roughening 
of  ship's  plates  previous  to  painting,  etc.  The 
system  of  blast  employed  ia  that  in  which 
steam  is  used  to  give  the  required  velocity  to 
the  sand;  but  before  the  stream  of  mingled 
steam  and  sand  has  reached  the  object  under 
operation,  it  is  met  by  a  counter-current  of  air 
whioh  sweeps  aside  the  steam  and  allows  the 
sand  alone  to  pass  on,  so  that  nothing  bat  cool, 
dry  sand  strikes  the  object.  The  steam  being 
thus  carried  away  by  a  side  outlet,  connected 
by  means  of  a  flexible  tube  with  an  exhausting 
apparatus,  the  workman  is  enabled  to  readily 
watch  the  progress  of  the  operation,  and  to 
direct  the  blaat  at  the  proper  angle  against  all 
parts  of  the  surface.  The  spent  sand  falls  upon 
the  floor,  and  is  collected  from  time  to  time  for 
use  again.  The  apparatus  requires  steam  at 
50  to  60  pounds  pressure  ger  square  inch. 


Tools  from  Soft  Steel. — It  is  asserted  that 
by  the  new,  or  B^lzs),  process  of  treating  steel, 
any  of  the  ordinary  sleels  of  the  usual  lengths 
and  shapes  for  making  tools,  punches  and  dies 
will,  when  treated,  become  so  soft  as  to  effaot  a 
most  material  saving  in  the  cost  of  making  the 
desired  tool;  after  having  been  softened  and  cut 
to  the  required  form,  the  steel  is  handled  in 
precisely  the  same  way  as  any  of  the  well 
known  aortr,  and  it  is  claimed  that  the  process 
in  no  way  sff  icts  the  chemical  composition  of 
the  metal,  but  so  alters  its  physical  structure 
as  to  Impart  the  qualities  mentioned.  In  proof 
of  tbip,  a  piece  ot  Jessup  steel,  which  had  been 
softened  by  tbia  mechod,  was  m^de  ioto  a  punch 
for  cutting  a  five  pointed  atar  ^  inch  in  diame- 
ter and  unuaually  sharp  at  tho  pointa,  the  re- 
sult showing  that  in  the  making  of  this  punch 
a  saving  of  about  20  per  cent  was  efffcted  in 
the  cost,  owing  solely  to  the  softness  of  the 
metal;  after  being  out  it  waa  tempered  in  the 
usual  way  in  water,  then  forced  through  Gar- 
man  silver  3  32  iucbes  thick,  also  through 
wrought  Iron  3.16  iochea  thick,  and  as  a  final 
teat  was  forced  through  metal  which  cut  only  a 
part  of  the  star,  thus  giving  an  unbalanced 
pressure  tending  to  beat  the  punch.  It  was 
given  a  series  of  tests  in  this  way,  not  only  uq- 
uaual,  but  which  would  not  be  resorted  to  ex- 
cept under  instructions  to  pass  from  one  test  to 
another  more  severe;  in  this  case  the  tool  came 
out  at  last  as  perfect  aa  when  it  originally  left 
the  maker's  hands. 


and  a  sood  many  frames  had  to  be  replaced. 
The  officers  of  the  company  regarded  the  acci- 
dent as  merely  furniahing  proof  of  the  superior 
strength  and  stanchness  of  ateel  over  iron  in 
shipbuilding. 

A  Finely-Polished,  Inaterleas  surface  on 
tempered  steel  can  be  prrcared  by  either  of  the 
following  operations:  After  the  steel  article 
shall  have  been  tempered,  it  should  be  rubbed 
on  a  smooth  iron  surface  with  some  pulverized 
oil-stone  until  perfectly  smooth  and  even,  then 
laid  upon  a  sheet  of  white  paper  and  rubbed 
back  and  forth  until  it  shall  have  acquired  a 
flue,  dead  polish.  Any  screw  holes  or  deprea- 
siona  in  the  steel  must  be  cleansed  and  polished 
beforehand  with  a  piece  of  wood  and  oilstone. 
This  delicate,  lusterlesa  aurface  ia  quite  aensi- 
tive,  and  should  be  rinaed  with  pure  soft  water 
only.  A  more  durable  polish  can  be  obtained 
by  first  smoothing  the  ateel  surface  with  an 
iron  polisher  and  aome  powdered  oil-atone, 
carefully  washing  and  rinsing.  Then  mix  in  a 
email  veaael  some  fresh  oil  and  powdered  oil- 
stone, dip  into  this  mixture  the  end  of  a  piece 
of  elder  pith,  and  polish  the  ateel  surface  with 
a  gmble  pressure,  cutting  off  the  end  of  the 
pith  as  it  shall  commence  to  become  soiled.  In 
conclueiop,  it  ahonld  be  thoroughly  oleanaed  In 
aoft  water,  when  the  article  will  be  found  to 
have  a  fine,  lusterlesa  polish. — Ek. 


Steel  Wagons — Railway  (Eaglish)  Prtas: 
A  new  departure  in  wagon-building  is  being 
effected  at  the  Laeds  Forge,  where  machinery, 
preeaea  and  appliances  are  being  put  down  with 
a  view  to  manufacturing  railway  wagons  from 
one  piece  of  metal — iron  or  ateel — that  ip,  the 
wagon  itaelf  outside  the  wheelp,  axles,  apringa, 
etc.  The  wagons  are  to  be  made  by  means  of  a 
press  and  dies,  and  in  a  comparatively  abort 
time,  from  a  heated  plate,  the  eidea  and  bottom 
of  a  wagon  can  be  formed.  There  will  be  no 
need  of  angle  iron  or  steel,  or  of  riveting.  Ex- 
periments have  already  been  carried  out  with 
mild  steel,  whioh  have  proved  there  is  no  diffi- 
culty in  properly  stamping  out  these  wagons 
without  making  bad  corners.  In  fact  the  whole 
wagon,  when  finished,  seems  to  be  one  compact 
anfi  solid  piece  of  metal  without  flaw  or  crack 
to  be  seen  anywhere,  and  it  is  evident  no  great 
strain  or  tension  is  caused  by  the  manner  in 
which  the  plate  is  treated  in  the  process.  These 
wagons  will  be  comparatively  cheap,  ao  far  aa 
coat  of  manufacture  ia  concerned,  and  they  will 
certainly  be  very  strong  and  durable,  and  when 
made  as  is  proposed,  of  light,  atrong  steel,  will 
be  comparatively  light  from  a  haulage  point  of 
view.  The  Leeds  Forge  Company  may  look 
forward  to  a  good  trade  in  tbia  new  departure 
of  theira  in  wagon-building. 

iRoy  AND  Steel  in  Shipbuilding. — How 
well  plates  of  iron  and  ateel  withstand  the  con- 
tact with  rocks,  when  exposed  in  a  ship's  bot- 
tom to  violent  collision,  is  shown  in  a  forcible 
manner  by  the  experience  of  the  mammoth 
steamer  Puritan  of  the  Fill  River  line.  After 
running  ashore  in  the  Eiat  river,  she  waa  taken 
into  drydook.  Ou  her  port  side  was  a  huge 
groove  where  the  steel  plates  had  been  crnshtd 
in.  The  Puritan  had  struck  the  rook  about  100 
feet  from  her  bon^  and  her  momentum  had 
forced  her  along  over  the  obatruction.  After 
about  1X0  feet  of  her  plates  had  ground  along 
over  the  rock,  the  steamer  slipped  off  the  reef. 
The  damage  to  the  hull  had  eoded  about  30 
fset  forward  of  the  paddle-wheel.  The  effects 
of  the  contest  of  stone  and  ateel  preaented  a 
curious  sight.  The  groove  was  almost  smooth 
m  placBP,  the  hull  being  merely  bent  in,  but 
every  few  feet  the  metal  had  been  torn  open 
and  jagged  holes  made.    A  number  of  plates 


How  to  Dress  and  Temper  Stone  Tools. — 
A  correspondent  of  the  Blacktmiih  and  Wheel- 
wright gives  from  his  experience  the  following 
aa  the  best  way  to  do  such  work  :  The  work- 
man must  fi''Bt  see  that  the  tools  are  free  from 
cracks  and  flaws,  and  drawn  down  to  the  proper 
size,  and  allow  them  to  cool.  Tip  his  anvil  a 
little  from  him,  and  with  putty  go  around  the 
anvil  and  build  up  a  little  ao  aa  to  form  a  box 
that  will  hold  water.  Three  sidps  built  up 
will  hold  all  the  water  necessary.  If  you  have 
Wthry's  recipp,  take  some  of  the  tool  solution 
and  put  a  little  on  top  of  your  anvil,  heat  the 
tools  very  red,  and  with  a  light  hammer  work 
the  cutting  part  by  hammering  it  in  the  solu- 
tion you  have  on  the  anvil.  Heat  each  tool 
twice  and  work  aa  directed,  in  the  solution, 
and  allow  all  to  cool.  Put  an  old  wagon-box 
skein  into  the  fire,  and  on  this  get  your  tools 
dark  and  drive  the  cutting  edges  in  a  block  of 
cold  lead,  and  you  will  have  tools  that  will 
never  come  back  broken  or  bent. 


SeiENTiFie  Progress. 


Skillfol  Firemen. — The  dnty  of  a  fireman 
in  an  engine  room  is  eomething  to  whioh  too 
little  attention  ia  f;iven.  More  money  can  be 
saved  by  an  intelligent  and  thoroughly  compe- 
tent fireman  than  by  any  other  workman  in  a 
large  eetabliehment.  The  following  paragraph 
is  one  which  may  well  be  carefully  considered  in 
this  connection:  The  Industrial  fforWsays  that 
a  large  manufacturing  firm,  the  name  of  which, 
however,  it  does  not  mention,  has  made  a  new 
departure  with  a  view  of  securing  greater 
economy  in  the  consumption  of  coal.  It  has 
concluded  to  deal  with  the  firemen  Instead  of 
devices  to  secure  economy,  beoause  no  matter 
how  ingenious  the  latter,  they  will  not  avail 
if  the  firemen  use  the  coal  carelessly.  The  firm 
is  therefore  training  their  firemen  to  use  fuel 
to  the  moat  advantage.  The  men  who  save  the 
most  fuel  are  to  be  rewarded  and  those  who 
do  not  prove  expert  are  to  be  replaced  by 
others. 

By  a  New  Method  of  cementing  iron  the 
parts  cemented  are  ao  efifeotually  joined  as  to 
resist  the  blows  even  of  a  sledge-hammer,  Tae 
cement  is  composed  of  tqual  parts  of  sulphur 
and  white  lead,  with  a  proportion  of  about 
one-sixth  of  borax.  When  the  composition  is 
to  be  applied  it  is  wet  with  strong  sulphuric 
acid  and  a  thin  layer  of  it  is  placed  between 
the  two  pieces  of  iron,  which  are  at  once 
pressed  together.  In  five  days  it  will  be  per- 
fectly dry,  all  traces  of  the  cement  having  van- 
ished, and  the  work  having  every  appearance 
of  welding. 

Rolled  Steel  Carriage-Wheels  are  a  re- 
cent article  ot  manufacture  in  Pennsylvania, 
whioh  proposes  to  furnish  a  large  portion  oi 
the  10,000  000  carriage  and  boggy  wheels  made 
in  this  coontry  every  year.  In  this  connection 
the  company  makes  a  cold  rolled  steel  tube, 
from  open  hearth,  Bessemer  or  crucible  steel, 
intended  to  take  the  place  of  brass,  copper  or 
tin  tubes  for  chandelier  work,  railings  and  cur- 
tain-rods. The  tubes  are  rolled  by  a  process 
which  gives  them  various  superior  qualities  in 
increased  strength,  both  tensile  and  compress- 
ive. 

A  Locomotive  working  under  a  pressure  of 
140  to  165  pounds  to  the  square  inoh,  may 
move  a  railway  train  at  a  velocity  of  60  miles 
per  hour,  whioh  we  are  apt  to  think  of  as  a 
wonderful  speed.  Bat  it  is  slow  compared 
with  the  rate  of  motion  of  the  projaoMle  from  a 
modern  great  gun.  Such  projectile  flies  at  the 
rate  of  1365  miles  per  hour,  impelled  by  a 
pressure  ot  35,000  to  40,000  pounds  per  tqnare 
inch. 


Recent  Electrical  Discoveries, 

New  and  interesting  scientific  facts  in  regard 
to  electrioily  are  constantly  being  evolved  by 
students  and  experimenters  in  that  fruitful 
field  of  research.  Among  those  quite  recently 
annoanced  are  the  following: 

Variations  in  Length  of  the  Electric  Arc. 

A  great  variation  in  the  length  of  the  electric 
arc  obtained  in  different  gAseoua  atmos- 
pheres has  been  noticed  by  M.  Villari.  With 
horizontal  oarbons  the  electro-motive  force 
that  gave  an  arc  one-sixth  of  an  inch  long  in 
hydrogen  produced  one  of  five-sixteenths  of  an 
inch  in  oxygen,  and  one  of  one-third  of  an  inch 
in  ordinary  air.  With  vertioal  oarbons,  espe- 
cially with  the  negative  uppermost,  the  length 
is  greatly  increased,  and  the  same  electro- 
motive force  gave  an  arc  27.5  times  as  long  in 
oxygen  as  in  hydrogen. 

ImDrovetnent  In  Arc  Luminosity, 
A  method  by  which  the  luminosity  of  the  arc 
light  may  be  greatly  increased  is  announced. 
The  principle  on  which  this  improvement  is 
based  is  that  of  reinforcing  the  luminous  parti- 
oles  of  incandescent  carbon  in  the  electric  arc 
by  a  supply  of  hydrocarbon  vapor.  This  ia 
fed  directly  into  the  arc  from  the  hollow  lower 
carbon,  fitted  with  a  reservoir  of  oil  and  a 
wick.  The  effect  of  the  added  volume  of  vapor 
is  said  to  be  an  enormous  increase  in  the 
lumiucstty  of  the  arc,  and  ooneequently,  a 
most  briliant  and  economical  light.  The 
hydrocarbon  employed  is  very  cheap,  and  the 
hollow  carbon  entails  a  very  slight  extra  ex- 
pense; but  the  efGoiency  of  the  arc  in  watts 
per  candle  is  said  to  be  nearly  doubled.  The 
color  of  the  arc  is  changed  by  the  enriching 
medium  to  a  clear  yellowish  white,  quite  dif- 
ferent from  the  usual  bluish  glare. 

Effect  of  the  Sun's  RayH  upon  an  Insu- 
lated Conductor. 

In  the  course  of  four  years  of  experimenting, 
M.  Albert  Nodon  has  established  the  fact  that 
when  the  sun's  rays  fall  upon  an  insulated  con- 
ductor, metal  or  carbon,  they  communicate 
thereto  a  positive  electric  charge,  which  in- 
creases with  the  intensity  of  radiations  and  de- 
creases with  the  hygrometric  state  of  the  air. 
At  Paris  the  electrification  is  greatest  at  abont 
1  p.  M.,  when  the  air  is  clear  and  dry,  but  it 
disappears  on  the  passage  of  clouds  near  the 
sun.  The  experiments  indicate  the  source,  or 
at  least  one  source,  of  atmospheric  electricity, 
as  it  may  ba  assumed  that  the  surface  of  the 
earth  becomes  positively  electrifi  ^d,  while  the 
heated  air  rises  with  a  negative  charge  which  it 
imparts  to  the  clouds. 

The  Possible  Cause  of  Increased  Elec- 
trical Phenomena. 

It  is  more  than  possible  that  the  above  hy- 
pothesis may  furnish  an  explanation  for  the 
recent  apparent  increaae  of  thunder  -  storm 
phenomena,  including  tbe  frequency  of  such 
storma  over  forests,  rivers,  lakep,  etc.,  where 
the  cooler  air  causes  tbe  electrifidd  clouds  to 
fall  toward  the  earth  until  a  discharge  takes 
place. 

Electricity  Direct  from  Ooal, 

In  another  column  will  be  found  a  full  no- 
tice of  a  discovery,  just  reported,  of  a  method 
by  whioh  electricity  may  ba  obtained  directly 
from  the  burning  of  coal — thus  realizing  at  the 
present  day  the  dream  of  the  last  fifty  years  of 
what  has  been  thought  a  possibility  to  be  looked 
for  by  some  future  generation. 


Electric  Weldino,— In  some  experiments 
lately  made  in  Kngland  to  test  the  merit  of 
eleotrio  welding,  a  IJinch  iron  bar  was  welded 
by  means  of  eleotricicy  and  one  by  hand.  The 
former  stood  a  strain  of  91  9  per  cent  61  the 
metal  itaelf,  and  the  latter  80  3  per  cent.  The 
electric  weld,  however,  showed  cracks  when 
bent  cold  at  an  anelo  of  66°,  whereas  the  hand- 
made joint  stood  138°  on  the  bend. 


Light  of  the  Firefly. — The  nature  and 
source  of  tne  light  given  out  by  this  noctnrnal 
insect  has  long  been  a  nnzzle  to  scientists. 
Prof.  S.  P.  Lingley  of  New  York  has  lately 
been  investigating  this  queation,  largely  by  the 
use  of  the  spectroaoope.  Hs  finds  the  light  is 
substantially  from  the  green  side  of  the  spec- 
trum. It  is  of  exceedingly  narrow  range  of  re 
frangibility,  extending  only  from  F  to  C,  and 
culminating  in  the  green,  so  that  it  contains  no 
appreciable  heat.  The  amount  of  heat  yielded, 
as  measured  with  Prof.  Lingley's  wonderfully 
delicate  **  boloscope,"  is  less  than  one-half  of 
one  per  cent  of  that  given  out  with  an  equal 
amount  of  light  from  the  candle  and  other  com. 
mon  combustible  itlnminante.  That  the  light 
produced  by  the  firefly  is  a  chemical  product 
would  seem  to  be  indicated  by  the  fact,  estab- 
lished by  Prof.  Lingley,  that  it  decreased  by 
the  processes  which  check  combustion  and  in- 
creased by  the  opposite,  that  nitrogen  quenches 
it  and  oxygen  etimulates  it,  while  the  product 
of  the  operation,  whatever  it  may  prove  to  be, 
ia  apparently  carbon  dioxide.  It  may  prove, 
however,  so  far  as  can  be  judged  at  present, 
that  these  effects  are  simply  those  of  variation 
of  the  vital  powers  and  a  resulting  variation 
in  intensity  of  the  light. 


ed,  it  is  claimed  that  tbe  same  amen  at  of  light 
can  be  furnished  by  the  new  procesa  for  about 
$60,000  per  annum.  Another  recommendatory 
feature  is  the  inexpenaive  adaptation  of  this 
intense  and  brilliant  illuminator,  as  the  pro- 
duction and  the  distribotion  of  this  light  ap- 
pear to  partake  of  almost  Incredible  simplicity. 
This  invention  oomes  from  the  great  store- 
house of  chemistry,  from  whose  rich  resources 
will  probably  one  -lay  be  revealed  the  means  of 
extinguishing  our  fires  with  the  same  celerity 
as  we  illuminate  our  dwellings. 

Bread  from  Wood.— A  startling  proposition 
has  bien  made  by  Harr  Victor  Meyer.  In  an 
addreaa  recently  delivered  by  him  at  Heidel- 
berg, it  is  announced  that  we  may  reasonably 
hope  that  chemistry  will  teach  ua  to  make  the 
fiber  of  wood  the  source  of  human  food.  If 
this  becomes  possible,  an  enormous  stock  of 
food  will  be  found  in  ihe  wood  of  our  forests, 
or  even  in  grass  and  straw.  The  fibar  of  wood 
consists  essentially  of  cellulose  (CnHmOs),,  . 
Can  this  be  made  to  change  into  starch  ?  starch 
has  exactly  the  same  percentage  composition, 
but  it  difFars  very  mnch  in  its  properties,  and 
the  nature  of  its  molecule  is  probably  much 
inore  complex.  Celluloae  is  of  little  or  no 
dietetic  value,  and  it  is  not  altered,  like 
starch,  in  boiling  water.  It  really  gives  glu- 
cose when  treated  with  strong  sulphuric  acid, 
as  is  easily  shown  when  cottonwool,  whioh  is 
practically  pure  cellulose,  is  merely  immersed 
in  it.  Starch  gives  the  same  product  when 
boiled  with  weak  acid.  The  author  further 
quotes  the  reaearches  of  Hellriegel,  which  go 
to  show  beyond  dispute  that  certain  plants 
transform  atmospheric  nitrogen  into  albumen, 
and  that  this  process  can  be  improved  by  suit- 
able treatment.  The  production,  therefore,  of 
starch  from  celluloae,  together  with  the  en- 
forced increase  of  albumen  in  plants,  would,  he 
addp,  in  reality  signify  the  abolition  of  the 
bread  question. 

Another  Bio  Telescope.— The  study  of 
astronomy  is  becoming  more  and  more  a  mat- 
ter of  general  interest  everywhere,  while  those 
who  make  it  an  especial  study  are  constantly 
adding  inatruments  and  means  to  Increase  the 
possibilities  of  their  researches  into  the  great 
mysteriea  of  the  worlds  around  ua.  Just  now, 
much  ia  being  done  in  the  oonatruotion  of  tele- 
acopes  of  increased  magnitude  and  improved 
powers  of  penetration.  The  great  Lick  instru- 
ment and  the  proposed  larger  one  for  Los  An- 
geles, will  probably  soon  be  exceeded  by  one  to 
be  erected  at  Ealing,  in  Eagland,  which,  report 
siys,  haa  just  been  made  single  handed  by  Mr. 
C)mmon,  the  astronomer.  Its  whole  mass 
weighs  nearly  20  tons.  The  enormous  cylin- 
der which  forms  the  tube  is  20  feet  long  and 
eight  feet  in  diameter,  resembling  the  ordinary 
boiler  of  a  stationary  engine.  Inside  this  is 
delicately  distributed  some  ten  tons  of  pig  iron, 
the  whole  instrument  going  to  form  the  most 
wonderful  instrument  whioh  the  planet  possess- 
es. Through  Mr.  Common's  telescope  it  will 
be  easy  to  see  no  fewer  than  50,000,000  stars. 


Production  of  Beat  in  Living   Bodies 

M.  M.  Bcrthelut  has  been  making  investiga- 
tions in  regard  to  the  heat  of  combustion  of  the 
principal  nitrogen  compounds  contained  in  liv- 
ing bodies  and  their  results  in  the  production 
of  animal  heat.  The  datj  and  results  are  given 
for  16  nitrogenous  bodies.  The  average  heat 
of  combustion  is  9400  cal.  for  fatty  bodies, 
5700  cal.  for  albuminoida,  and  4200  oal.  for 
carbohydrates,  taking  one  gram  of  each  sub- 
stance. The  conclusion  is  drawn  that  a  weak- 
ening of  the  organism,  with  diminution  of 
power  of  conaumption  of  the  food  digested, 
shows  its'lf  first  by  general  deposition  of  the 
most  d)fli:nltly  eliminated  substances — fatty 
matters,  then  by  failure  to  get  rid  of  nitro- 
genous bodies,  and  finally  by  incapacity  to  con- 
sume the  carbohydrates. 


A  New  AND  Cheaper  Light  has  just  been 
announced.  Tbe  invention  is  the  result  of  the 
study  of  W.  J.  Norton  of  Pittsburg,  Pa., 
which,  without  being  less  lustrous  than  any 
light  in  vogue,  is  perfectly  free  from  those 
features  so  destructive  to  both  life  and  proper- 
ty that  have  for  years  characterized  the  use  of 
gap,  electricity  and  kerosene  oil.  It  can  be 
furnished  so  cheaply  as  to  be  available  to  all 
f-lassea.  While  it  now  costs  the  city  of  Naw 
York  $150  000  per  annum  for  Its  electrical 
I  street  light  alone,  and  $30,000  more  is  demand- 


Vibrations  in  Bitildings  —The  danger  and 
inconvenience  resulting  from  the  vibrations  in 
buildings  caused  by  running  machinery  can  be 
to  a  large  degree  removed  by  increasing  the 
speed  of  the  engine,  the  idea  being  to  set  up  a 
discordant  vibration  between  the  engine  and 
the  floor  beam.  The  Pittsburg  Dispatch  tells 
of  a  ten-horse  power  engine,  whioh,  on  the 
upper  atory  of  a  silverware  manufactory, 
created  such  a  commotion  as  to  rattle  the 
silverware  on  the  shelves  a  hundred  feet  dis- 
tant. A  change  of  25  revolutions  in  the  speed, 
which  change  was  in  the  direction  of  increasing 
the  speed,  entirely  stopped  the  vibrations. 

A  New  Law,  Possibly  —In  recent  experi- 
ments.  alloys  have  been  formed  by  pressure, 
but  William  Hillock,  of  the  United  States 
Geographical  Survey,  finds  that  alloye  may  be 
produced  from  their  powdered  oonstituents 
without  pressure  at  a  temperature  above  the 
melting  point  of  the  alloy  but  below  that  of 
the  oonstituents,  the  molecules  simply  being 
allowed  to  lie  in  contact.  In  this  curious  dis- 
covery he  claims  a  new  law  of  physics,  which 
he  proposes  soon  to  verify  further. 

Wool  Fibers —A  student  at  the  Institute  of 
Technology,  Boston,  has  been  experimenting 
for  some  purpose  or  other  upon  the  several 
charaoteristioa  of  the  wool  fiber.  Twenty-two 
tests  on  domestic  and  Australian  wools  resulted 
in  an  average  diameter  of  2  3S9  centi-milll- 
meters,  an  average  stretch  of  4 1  22  per  cent, 
and  a  breaking  strength  of  23,822  pounds  per 
iqaare  inch. 


JuwB  28,  1890.] 


MmiNG  AND  Scientific  Press- 


435 


Good  Hej^lth. 


Health  of   the  State. 

The  monthly  report  of  the  State  "RoarH  of 
Health  for  May  foroishet  reporta  from  lO'A 
oltiei  aod  towop,  with  an  eatimated  popolattoa 
of  760,6*25,  glviDK  the  number  of  d''c«denta  as 
10J2,  or  the  rate  of  15. 9G  per  ICOO  per  anoair, 
which  ts  a  Hllght  inoreaae  over  lut  month.  The 
principal  caoieiof  death  are  to  be  found  among 
the  diaeaies  of  the  Iuok**  '^nd  heart. 

Conaumption  canted  UU  .deathf;  pneumonia 
97,  seventy  of  which  oocurred  in  Sin  Kraooiaoo 
— a  marked  diminution  In  the  frfqaenuy  of  the 
diaeaae.  Whooping 'Cougb  was  bhe  canae  of 
four  deaths.  Cancer  was  fatal  to  44  poraors. 
Heart  di0':aBe  oiQced  S4  deaths.  AloohoHam 
oaoaed  eight  deaths. 

Frevalllns  Diseases. 

Whooping'OOURh  has  been  almost  epidemic  in 
one  or  two  localities.  The  weather  for  the 
month  of  May  belof;  quite  favorable  to  those 
sulfjriog  from  dlsoases  of  the  respiratory  or- 
gans, a  marked  decrease  was  noted  iu  the 
prevalence  of  pneumonia,  bronohitls  and  in< 
floenza,  while  on  the  other  band  an  increased 
prevalence  was  noted  in  the  frtqaeocy  of  bowel 
and  stomach  disorder?. 

Smallpox. 

No  oases  of  this  diHcate  were  reported  in  Cil- 
iforoia.  Dr.  S.  S.  Herriok,  the  Medical  In- 
speccor  appointed  by  the  board  to  investigate 
the  towns  near  the  southern  border  of  the 
State,  reported  to  be  the  seat  of  smallpox,  tiuds 
upon  personal  examination  that  the  account 
received  by  the  State  BDard  of  Health  was 
very  much  exaggerated.  He  diaooverpd  no 
cases  along  the  route  of  the  Southern  i'acifie 
railway,  bat  fonod  that  there  was  Bmallpox  in 
Lib  Oruoes  and  other  contiguous  villages  in 
New  Mexico,  but  none  so  close  to  railway 
travel  as  to  aeriously  threaten  us  at  present. 
Every  precaution  has  been  taken  to  prevent 
the  spread  of  the  dinease  into  Oallfornia,  and  it 
is  to  be  hoped  on^' efforts  will  be  saccessful  in 
this  respect. 

Silk  Uni»krwear — R.fioed  women  in  pri- 
vate life,  says  the  New  York  Tribune,  have 
never  adopted  the  stage  fashion  of  wearing  a 
complete  outfit  of  underwear  made  of  white  or 
colored  surab,  or  India  "waBh"8ilk.  These 
materials,  though  washable,  are  unfit  for  snob 
nee,  because  they  cannot  be  sun  dried  in  the 
fresh,  open  air  without  losing  color.  The 
superiority  of  even  a  cambric  handkerchief  to 
a  silk  one  need  not  be  dwelt  upon  where  any 
one  baa  made  use  of  both.  The  ailk  under- 
garment worn  by  most  refined  city  women  is  an 
underveatof  silk  webbing.  This  garment  must 
be  made  of  the  purest  thread  of  ailk  in  order  to 
be  a  wholeeome  substitute  for  wool.  There 
has  been  no  method  ever  discovered  which  will 
prevent  the  spiral  fi^^rs  of  wool  from  drawing 
up  in  laundering.  With  the  most  scrnpnlous 
care  such  garments  are  shrunk  up,  unfit  for 
wear,  long  before  they  are  worn  out.  Silk 
underveeta  of  the  purest  quality  are  an  expen- 
sive item  at  first,  but  will  outlast  several  aeta 
of  wool  underwear,  and  in  the  end  pay  for 
themaelvee, 

Immunity  Against  Poison  Ivy.— There  is 
a  large  number  of  persons  who  will  take  an 
intereat  in  the  atatement  that  an  immunity 
against  this  plant  can  be  secured.  At  least  it 
has  been  done  in  orfi  inatance,  related  by  Dr. 
John  Aulde  in  the  New  York  Medical  Journal. 
.He  says  that  Dr.  George  Kirkpatriok,  of  L» 
Harpe,  111.,  tock  by  mistake  a  good  swallow 
of  the  tincture  (of  poison  ivy?),  and  in  order 
to  counteract  the  effect  of  the  poison,  large 
doses  of  olive  oil  were  admlniatered,  and  along 
with  it  about  ten  grains  of  carbonate  of  sodium. 
No  immediate  unpleasant  effects  were  ob- 
served until  the  second  day  thereafter,  when 
it  was  found  that  there  was  complete  deiquam- 
ation  of  the  cuticle,  and  since  that  time  he  is 
proof  against  the  poison  of  the  plant, 

A  Curious  Disease  — Galveston  doctors  have 
a  nattent  on  exhtbition,  a  colored  man  who  is 
afllictedwith  filaria.  In  other  words,  there 
was  a  little  animal  in  his  blond,  uanally  found 
in  the  blood  of  dogs.  The  blood  was  placed 
nnder  the  mioroacope,  where  the  little  animals 
could  be  plainly  aeen.  They  were  about  1-50 
of  an  inch  long  and  1-300D  of  an  inch  thick, 
and  tranaparent.  They  are  said  to  be  trans- 
planted from  dogs  to  men  through  motquito 
bites  and  even  fisa  bites. 


Useful  Informations. 

To  Dktect  DAMi'NKttt  iK  A  Wall — It  ia 
oftentimei  important  to  detect  the  sllghteat 
dampncsi  in  a  wall.  To  do  bo  with  care,  the 
following  couraeis  recommended:  Take  a  sheet 
of  common  gelatine,  the  thinnest  pieces  are  ee- 
leoted;  they  are  soaked  in  water  for  about  a 
qaarCer  of  an  hour,  until  they  are  quite  aoft, 
spread  out  Hit  oo  a  greaaed  sheet  of  glass,  and 
stretched  with  the  fiugera  until  all  the  folds 
and  oreaaea  that  may  exist  are  smoothed  out 
and  the  whole  is  made  thin  and  uniform  as  pos 
Bible.  The  Bhcats  are  then  dried  in  the  air, 
rough  or  uneven  edges  trimmed  off;  then  cut 
into  strips  about  four  ioohea  long  and  two 
inches  wide.  If  kept  flat,  In  a  dry  place,  these 
gelatine  strips  are  very  sensitive  to  moisture. 
If  a  wall  is  suspected  of  being  damp,  without 
showing  it  outwardly,  a  slip  of  gelatine  is 
moved  slowly  over  it  near  its  surface,  hut  with- 
out touchidg  it.  If  any  damp  spots  exist,  they 
are  indicated  by  the  curling  of  the  gelatine  as 
it  passes  near  them. 


TiiK  Sinn  SAriDL-K  Doomhd. — At  last  it 
would  appear  an  etfort  is  to  be  made  to  abolish 
the  aenaeleas  aide  aaddle  for  women  who  wiah 
to  indulge  in  hnraeback  riding.  Miss  Jennesa, 
sister  of  Mra.  Jenuess-Miller,  the  rising  apostle 
of  physical  education  for  women  and  dress  re- 
form, ia  the  leader  of  the  movement.  Side- 
Riddles  were  introduced  centuries  ago  by  an 
Koglisb  qneen,  with  a  ahort  and  deformed  leg, 
who  could  ride  in  no  other  way.  Such  is  the 
power  and  custom  of  faehion,  that  they  have 
held  full  sway  ever  since.  The  side-saddle 
develops  the  muscles  of  one  leg  and  one  aide  of 
the  body,  to  the  neglect  of  the  other  side,  but 
this  ia  not  the  least  of  its  offanses^  for  the  pe- 
culiar position  of  the  body  while  riding,  en- 
courages curvature  of  the  spine.  Abolish  the 
side-eaddle  by  all  means. 


MiiNERAL  OK  Slac;  Wool, — The  uae  of  min- 
eral or  slag  wool  ia  becoming  very  general  aa  a 
fi!Iing  for  ffoore.  It  is  also  a  protection  againat 
the  spread  of  tire.  The  experimenta  onndaoted 
by  H.  H.  Stanger,  C,  E  ,  London,  Kagland, 
prove  that  a  body  ot  the  slag  or  wool,  say  one 
inch  thick,  doea  not  become  incandescent  when 
satj?cted  to  intense  heat,  only  the  parts  in  im- 
meaiate  contact  with  the  flame  being  fnsed, 
leaving  the  rest  intact;  and  evea  when  heated 
throngh  by  long  subjection  to  heat  there  was 
no  radiation,  a  thermometer  held  within  one- 
fourth  of  an  inch  not  varying  in  the  least.  The 
Liverpool  theaters  have  the  drop-ourtalns  lined 
with  this  material,  and  recently  a  patent  has 
bgen  obtained  for  weaving  the  alag  wool  into 
curtains  for  both  theaters  and  other  baildings. 


Another  Suhstitute  fok  Silk. — An  al- 
leged discovery  of  a  ailk-fioer  Fubstitute  is  re- 
ported in  European  circles.  A  London  paper 
states  as  follows :  N  ayemnra  Sakusaburo,  a 
druggist  of  Hikone  in  Omf,  after  many  years 
of  experiment  and  patient  resnaroh,  has  auo- 
oeeded  in  converting  wild  hemp  (^achyo)  into  a 
snbstance  noaaeBsing  all  the  essential  qualities 
of  silk.  Nothing  ia  said  about  the  process,  but 
it  ia  asserted  that  trial  of  the  thread  has  been 
made  at  the  first  aiik-weaving  establishment  in 
Kioto  and  other  factories,  with  excellent  results 
in  every  case.  The  plant  in  question  growa 
wild  on  moors  and  biltsidea.  Ita  fiber  is  etrong 
and  glossy,  in  no  wise  inferior  to  silk  when 
properly  prepared.  Cultivation  on  an  extended 
Bcale  would  present  no  ditiQculties, 


Fluid  Marule.  —  Tfle  story  of  plaoing 
marble  in  a  fluid  condition  is  again  set  on 
foot,  with  the  name  of  an  Austrian  aonlptor, 
Fredrioh  Beer,  aa  the  inventor.  He  claims  to 
be  able  to  mold  a  particular  kind  of  marble 
even  aa  bronze  is  molded.  The  name  of  the 
marble  thus  treated  is  beryt.  The  new  product 
costs  little  more  than  plaster,  and  is  especially 
adapted  to  the  ornamentation  of  houeea  and 
the  constiuction  of  floors  baths,  and  small  pil- 
lars. A  atock  company  has  been  organized  In 
Paris  to  place  beryt  on  the  market. 


FLECTPjeiTY, 
Electricity  Direct  from  Coal. 

It  is  now  asserted  that  the  long-sought-for 
problem  of  obtaining  electricity  directly  from 
the  combustion  of  coal  has  actually  been  real- 
ized. Our  technical  excbaogeB  from  the  Kiat, 
which  are  in  a  position  to  best  judge  of  the  re- 
liability of  the  claim,  appear  tu  receive  the  an- 
Donnciment  with  erery  evidence  of  their  full- 
est belief  In  its  reality. 

The  aucoceaful  inventor  ia  Mr.  B.  R  Cox  of 
Miine.  The  conversion  of  heat  directly  into 
electricity  without  the  intervention  of  stetm 
boilerp,  englnep,  or  dynamos,  if  auooessfut  oo  a 
large  aoalr,  will  be  of  enormous  value  and  will 
work  a  co-nplete  revolution  in  the  industries  of 
the  world. 

As  yet  the  invention  has  been  tried  on  a  small 
scale  only;  but  those  experiments  have  been  ao 
successful  and  convincing  that  some  of  the 
Rhrewdeat  capitaliata  and  mechanicians  in  New 
Kngland  have  united  and  formed  a  company 
with  a  capital  of  $1,000,000  to  put  the  discov- 
ery into  practical  operation.  A  company  was 
first  organized  in  Maine,  but  the  businesa  has 
since  been  transferred  to  >Urtford,  Conn. 
Prancia  A.  IVatt  of  the  Pratt  &  Whitney  Co. 
Is  the  preaidmt  of  the  company;  R.  N.  Pratt 
of  the  Pratt  &  Cady  Co.  la  vice-presideot,  and 
Ernest  Ctdy  of  the  same  company  is  the  treas- 
urer. E.  Henry  Hyde  of  Hyde  &  Joslyn  is  a 
stockholder,  one  of  the  directors  aod  legal  ad- 
viser of  the  new  company.  All  the  patents 
aaked  for  by  Mr.  Cox  have  been  allowed.  Both 
foreign  and  domestic  patents  have  been  applied 
for. 

The  Hartford  CouranC  eaya:  The  apparatus 
used  for  oonverting  the  heat  into  electricity  is 
f>0  simple  that  the  company  doea  not  dignify  it 
by  the  name  of  machine.  By  Mr.  Cox's  method, 
heat  is  changed  to  electricity  aa  atmply  aa 
water  ia  changed  to  f>team.  His  furnace  ia  all 
that  may  be  aeen.  From  glowing  coala  comes 
the  aubtle  current,  without  the  aid  of  boiler, 
engine  or  dynamo,  which  can  be  made  to  run  a 
dental  machine,  a  sewing  machine,  and  any- 
thing which  requires  no  more  power  than 
these.  No  power  has  ever  been  discovered 
that  ia  half  ao  cheap  as  will  be  electricity  ob- 
tained by  this  new  proceas.  Thia  has  been  the 
dream — apparently  impossible  of  realiz-ition — 
of  all  electricians,  and  even  the  Wizard  of 
Menlo  Park  has  almont  despaired  of  ita  ever  be- 
ing brought  about.  Yet  a  youug  man,  only  2S 
yeara  of  age,  seemB  to  have  solved  the  puzzling 
problem. 

Before  the  company  was  formed,  Mr,  Oox 
had  a  furnace  at  his  house  by  which  he  ran 
many  electric  lights.  This  furnace  was  injured 
in  being  transferred  to  Hartford,  and  a  new 
one  of  the  same  size  haa  not  yet  been  complet- 
ed. Exparimenta  and  private  exhibitions  have 
been  conducted  here  on  a  smaller  scale,  but  in  a 
ahort  time  the  company  intends  to  abow  to  the 
world  that  with  the  power  tbna  obtained  any- 
thing that  steam  or  electricity  now  does  may 
be  done.  Several  members  of  the  company  saw 
what  conld  be  done  with  the  furnace  of  Mr. 
Cox  before  any  attempt  was  made  to  remove  it. 
The  one  now  being  built  will  be  an  improve 
ment  on  the  old  one,  and  the  results  from  it 
are  expected  to  be  correapondingly  better. 
Moat  of  the  stock  of  the  company  is  owned  in 
Hartford,  Same  of  It  is  held  in  Boston.  The 
whole  affair  has  been  kept  secret  until  the  f^om- 
pany  should  be  ready  to  make  it  public  K7en 
now  the  ofEoers  are  unwilling  to  talk  for  publi- 
cation, bat  gossip  about  the  new  invention  bas 
been  so  frequent  in  Hartford  and  elsewhere 
that  it  seems  nroper  to  print  a  general  state- 
ment. The  officers  of  the  company  say  they 
will  be  reaay  for  public   exhibitions   in   a   few 


Carry  the  Bakies  Right. — A  French  physi- 
cian, Dr.  Feltz,  mentlona  a  ourioua  apparent 
cause  of  left-handedneaa.  One  child  in  a 
certain  family  waa  left-handed,  and  a  aecond 
appeared  to  be  ao  at  the  age  ot  one  year.  It 
waa  then  learned  that  the  mother  always  car- 
ried her  ohildren  on  her  left  arm.  She  waa 
advised  to  change,  and,  held  on  the  other  arm, 
the  infant,  having  its  right  hand  free  to  grasp 
objects,  soon  became  right-handed. 

The  Order  in  which  Teeth  Decat.— Rus- 
sian obaervationa  have  ahown  that  teeth  decay 
in  a  quite  regular  order,  the  lower  third  molar 
being  the,  first  attacked,  then  the  upper,  then 
the  lower  fourth  molar,  and  so  on,  the  lower  in- 
yilaors  and  canine  teeth  being  the  last  affected. 
Upper  teeth,  aa  a  rule,  are  more  durable  than 
lower,  right  than  left,  those  of  dark  peraonq 
than  those  of  blondes,  thoae  of  short  persona 
than  those  of  tall. 


Brake  Work. — Prank  J.  Sprague  states  it 
as  a  well-knovt'n  fact  that  the  moat  (ff^ctive 
brake  work  ia  when  the  wheels  do  not  akid 
upon  the  track,  bat  when  they  are  turning  un- 
der the  pressure  of  the  brake;  and  contrary  to 
the  ordinary  braking  practice,  the  energy  of 
the  electric  train,  inatead  of  being  thrown 
away  in  the  form  of  heat,  and  using  up  the 
wheela  and  brakeshoea,  can  be  made  uaeful  in 
the  propuleion  of  other  trains. 

An  Immense  Industrv  ia  growing  in  the  area 
of  country  bordering  on  and  tributary  to  the 
Great  Lakea.  This  area,  now  anxiously  aeeking 
the  advantages  of  cheap  transportation,  exceeds 
1,000,000 aqaare  miles.  The  coast  line  of  the 
lakes  is  more  than  2000  mllea  in  extent.  The 
floating  property  employed  on  the  lakes  is  val- 
ued at  about  S65. 000,000. 

Interesting  Experiments, — At  the  Pl.reiix 
Works  at  Rahrort,  Germany,  experimenta  bave 
been  made,  for  aome  time  past,  in  the  use  of 
carbon  aa  a  rocarbontzer  in  the  place  of  ferro- 
manganeae  or  spiegeleisen.  Similar  experi- 
ments have  been  conducted  at  the  Brymbo 
Basic  Steel  Works,  Wales. 


An  exchange  says  that  on  the  occasion  of 
an  acoident  on  the  Huda-I'eath  electric  railway, 
in  whioh  »  woman  was  knocked  down  by  an 
approaching  tram,  caught  by  the  wheela,  and 
mangled,  a  number  ot  people  who  witnessed 
the  occurrence  made  an  attempt  to  lynch  the 
engine-driver  and  oonduotor. 


Shop  I]otes. 


A  House  at  South  Fairfield,  Mich.,  was  set 
on  fire  by  the  rays  of  the  sun,  reflected  from 
tin  pans  that  were  set  out  to  dry. 


Electkic  Light  erom  Gas  Engines.— A 
highly  interesting  fact  has  been  brought  out  by 
Mr.  0.  Tirrill  of  New  York,  in  some  practical 
tests  in  producing  electric  light  by  using  illu- 
minating gas  for  driving  a  gaa  en^.ine  and  a 
Perret  dynamo.  Naturally,  one  would  anppoae 
that  the  loss  due  to  the  double  transformation 
of  energy  in  producing  the  electric  light  from 
illuminating  gas  by  this  means  would  place  the 
coat  of  the  electric  light  far  above  that  of  gaa. 
On  the  contrary,  Mr.  Tirrill  haa  found  to  his 
surpriae  that  a  given  amount  of  gas  will  pro- 
duce far  greater  illuminating  effdcts  when  used 
to  drive  this  dynamo  than  when  burned  direct. 
The  gasolene  gaa  ia  produced  by  hie  machine 
for  one  dollar  per  thousand  feet.  The  engine, 
it  is  found,  consumes  four  feet  of  this  gaa  per 
lOcandle  power  lamp  per  hour  when  driving 
the  dynamo  under  full  load,  making  the  cost 
per  lamp  two-fifths  of  a  cent  per  hour,  so  that 
the  luxury  of  the  electric  light  by  this  means, 
instead  of  being  expensive,  he  finds  in  reality 
to  be  a  great  economy.  Mr.  Tirrill  explains 
the  phenomenon  by  the  fact  that  the  gasolene  gas 
contains  SO  per  cent  of  air  when  delivered  at 
the  explosion  chamber  of  the  engine,  and  he 
geta  the  benefit  of  the  expansion  of  this  large 
volume  of  air  by  the  heat  of  the  explosion. 

Electric  Lighting  and  Power  have  made 
wonderful  and  monstrous  "^tridea  in  popularity, 
considering  the  youth  of  their  existence,  and 
they  will  continue,  despite  every  opposition,  to 
grow  in  grace  and  strength,  till  they  have  rele- 
gated to  the  rear  ranks  every  other  form  of  il- 
lumination, and  crowded  the  present  clumpy, 
hot,  ungainly  engines  from  their  vantage- 
gronnd,  aa  the  circus  elephant  clearn  the  tan- 
bark  ring  for  the  riders.— C.  G.  Hatkina. 


Shop   Suggestions. 

If  you  take  off  a  pulley  and  put  on  another 
one  an  inch  smaller  in  diameter,  how  much 
should  be  taken  out  of  the  belt  to  make  it  run 
as  tight  as  before  ?  About  an  Inch  and  a  half, 
or  cnoe  and  a  half  the  difference  in  the  diameter 
of  the  two  wheels,  nearly. 

An  improvement  has  been  patented  in  wire 
ropea  by  having  two  cores  aide  by  aidr,  which 
gives  the  rope  au  elliptical  form  in  cross- 
section.  Now,  why  doein't  some  one  take  the 
hint  and  place  three  wire  ropea  aide  by  aide  and 
use  them  for  a  core  in  rope-drtving  ?  If  they 
would,  the  next  atep  will  be  to  take  six  and 
make  a  belt  of  them. 

A  belt-maker  haa  just  been  called  upon  to 
look  at  a  belt  that  was  auppoaed  to  be  be- 
witched. The  pulleys  were  true  and  in  line 
and  the  shafts  were  parallel,  yet  the  belt  stood 
over  on  the  same  side  and  hung  off  as  far  aa 
poasible,  no  matter  which  side  out  it  wm  run. 
An  inspection  soon  showed  that  there  was 
trouble  with  the  shaft  wheel  on  account  of  its 
being  keyed  on  one  aide,  leaving  the  other 
looee,  which  aoon  wore  ont  large  enough  to 
let  the  belt  draw  the  wheel  to  one  aide. 

It  was  quite  an  improvement  in  loose  pulleys 
when  they  first  came  about  to  have  the  loose 
wheel  some  two  inches  smaller  In  diameter 
than  the  other,  a  cone  fliDge  being  left  on  the 
loose  wheel  for  the  bilt  to  run  upon  to  get  on 
to  the  fast  pulley.  Since  then  they  have  been 
tried  alt  ways,  one  builder  using  three  wheela, 
the  third  to  carry  the  cone  aleeve  reaching 
from  the  loose  to  the  fast  wheel.  The  in- 
ataat  the  belt  ia  shifted  it  will  run  of  ita  own 
accord  to  the  highest  position  and  set  the 
machinery  in  motion. 

Be  careful  in  turning  up  gear  blanks,  unleas 
the  man  at  the  gear  cutter  works  from  the 
pitch  line  instead  of  the  ontaide  diameter  of 
the  wheel,  for  if  the  blank  ia  left  too  small  the 
teeth  bscome  thinner  than  they  ought,  and  if 
too  large  the  teeth  will  be  made  thick  by  the 
operation. 

Among  the  change-gears  that  are  found  with 
a  lathe,  there  are  always  two  that  are  of  the 
aama  aize  to  be  used  whenever  cutting  threads 
of  the  aame  pitch  aa  that  of  the  leading  screw. 
Anything  finer  than  this  will  have  the  large 
gear  on  the  screw,  and  all  threads  of  a  coarser 
pitch  will  have  the  smaller  of  the  required 
pair  on  the  leading  screw. 

A  large  ball  was  wanted,  and  a  block  of 
wood,  nearly  square  on  all  sides,  was  brought 
in  for  the  lathe  man  to  teat  his  skill  upon. 
He  jast  held  it  by  the  face  plate  assisted  by 
the  cail  center,  in  hopes  of  turning  it  off  into 
a  oylindrical  form  endways  with  the  grain. 
Thia  he  accomplished  with  eaae,  and  all  he 
then  had  to  do  was  to  hold  it  between  centers 
in  line  with  the  grain  when  it  was  easily  fin- 
ished by  hand,  aa  a  cylinder  held  in  this  form 
gives  a  perfect  sphere  while  in  motion  with 
the  grain  in  the  beat  condition  to  turn  amooth. 

Jndgiog  from  what  may  be  seen  in  a  dusty 
machine  sbop,  a  man  must  have  the  outfit  of 
a  diver  to  keep  his  Innga  in  working  order. 
Already  some  one  has  patented  a  hood  supplied 
with  a  hose  from  a  blower  to  be  thrown  over 
the  head  of  the  grinder  when  he  has  a  job  at 
the  emery-wheel.  The  hood  is  supplied  with 
a  pair  of  opera  glasses  to  see  through,  and 
must  be  a  great  asBlstance  when  a  fine  edge  la 
wanted  for  a  lathe  tool,  This,  together  with 
the  sponge  at  the  poliehera*,  and  blue  glaasea 
where  an  arc  light  muat  be  endured,  ought  to 
set  aside  anything  that  a  diver  haa  to  go 
throngh. 

Flesh  or  Hair  Side  to  PulJey  ? 

Any  one  ever  having  had  anything  to  do  with 
the  running  of  belts  knows  that  the  smooth 
eide  of  a  belt  has  more  friction  than  the  rough 
aide.  If  more  friction,  then  more  power.  If  a 
belt  on  a  machine,  rough  afde  to  the  pulley, 
is  thrown  off  and  turned  smooth  side  to  the 
pulley,  it  will  be  found  that  the  speed  is  faster 
than  by  the  rough  side.  Try  it,  A  smooth, 
brightly  poliahed  faced  pulley  gives  more  fric- 
tion than  one  that  ia  rough;  and  yet  how  many 
machiniats  have  taken  a  file  to  rough  np  the 
face  of  a  pulley  to  make  it  "  hug,"  One  engi- 
neer aaya  the  fleeh  aide  ahonld  go  next  the 
pulley,  because  it  is  smoother  and  has  leas  air 
pockets.  The  fleah  side  is  less  liable  to  oraok 
on  the  outer  circle.     Air  i$  elastic,  too. 

Some  one  has  put  the  whole  business  into  a 
poetic  form  aa  followa  : 

Btilting  has  ao  outslr'e  hair  sule, 

And  it  h-j9  an  inaide  fleeh  eiiJe. 

Oft  the  questioo  risea.  Which  side 

Ib  the  side  that  Fhould  run  inside; 

Which  the  eidc  that  shouli  run  uutaltle  V 

Some  aver  the  Inside  flenh  aide 

Is  the  side  that  Phould  run  oufside; 

Others  say  It  should  run  inside. 

Pooe  are  sure  the  outside  hair  side 

Is  »lie  side  that  should  run  inside; 

Others  Bay  it  ahould  run  out^idp. 

Ample  is  the  proof  on  each  wide. 

Wonder  whi<-b  side  is  the  rifcht  aide. 

My  poor  head,  'tivixt  thio  and  that  side, 

iliouiiis  to  )>e  quite  insido  outside. 


434 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[June  28,  1890 


A..  T.  DBWBY,  W,  B,  BWBE. 

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SAN    FRANCISCO: 

Saturday,  June  28,    1890. 


TABLE  OF  CONTENTS. 


ILLUSTRATIONS.— Cables  tor  Cable  Roads,  427. 
Screen  Tanks,  435. 

BUlTOKlAlja. -Cables  for  Cable  Roads,  427. 
Passing  Events;  Close  of  Volume  LX;  Silver  Legisla- 
tion; James'  Traction  Engine;  The  Holders'  Strike; 
Cone  Scales  for  Saving  Gold,  434. 

OORRBSPONDENCB. —Mines  Around  Qicndale, 
Montana;  The  Mines  of  Amador  County;  The  Gold 
Belt  of  Northern  California,  428. 

MIS  lELLANEODS.— Water  on  the  Pacific  Coast, 
429. 

MBOHANICAL  PHOQRBSS.— Tools  from  Soft 
Steel;  Steel  Wagons;  Iron  and  Steel  in  Shipbuilding; 
How  to  Dress  and  Temper  Stone  Tools;  Skillful  Fire- 
men; MIfiCellaneouB,  432. 

80IBNTIFIC  PROSBBSS.  —  Recent  Electrical 
Discoveries;  Light  of  the  Firefly;  Bread  from  Wood; 
Another  Big  Telescope;  Production  of  Heat  in  Living 
Bodies;  Vibrations  in  Buildings;  A  New  Law,  Possibly; 
Wool  Fibers;  MiscellaDeouB,  432. 

GOOD  HEALTH.— Health  of  ihe  State;  Silk  Under 
wear;  Immunity  Against  Poison  Ivy;  A  Curious  Dis- 
ease; Carry  the  Babies  Right;  The  Order  in  which 
Teeth  Decay,  433. 

DSEFUL  INFORMATION.  —  To  Detect  Damp- 
ness in  a  Wall;  The  Side  Sadule  Doomed;  Mineral  or 
Slag  Wool;  Another  Substitute  for  Silk;  Fluid  Marble; 
Brake  Work;  Miscellaneous,  433. 

BLBCTRICITY.- Elcctiicity  Direct  from  Coal;  Elec- 
tric Light  from  Gas  Eogines;  Miscellaneous,  433. 

SHOP  NOTES  -Shop  Suggestions;  Fieah  or  Hair 
Side  to  Pulley,  433 

MINING  SUMMARY- Prom  the  various  counties 
of  California,  Nevada,  Arizona,  Colorado,  Idaho,  Mon- 
tana, New  Mexico,  Oregon,  Utah,  Wyoming,  430-431. 

MINING  STOCK  MARKET.— Sales  at  the   San 
Francisco  Stock  Board,  Notices  of  Meetings,  Assess- 
njentn.  Dividends,  and  Bullion  Shipments,  440. 
MARKET   EBPOET3.— Local    Markets,    Eastern 
Metal  Markets,  440. 


Close  of  Volume  LX. 

Volume  LX  of  the  Mining  and  Scientific 
Press  olosea  with  this  number.  The  Press  ia 
now  the  oldest  j  ournal  devoted  to  mining  in 
the  United  States.  When  it  first  began  its 
work  as  the  representative  of  this  industry, 
the  field  of  precious.metal  mininj;  in  this  conn- 
try  was  comparatively  small  and  confined  to  few 
regions.  Now,  however,  there  are  numerous 
districts  and  camps  in  all  the  Western  States 
and  Territories,  many  of  which  have  assumed 
very  great  importance.  With  this  advance  in 
importance  of  the  mining  industry,  the  Press 
has  endeavored  to  keep  pace,  and  its  field  has 
widened  in  due  proportion.  During  all  these 
years,  in  addition  to  current  mining  newp,  the 
metallurgical  processes,  improvements  in  ap- 
paratus and  machinery,  etc,  have  been  de- 
scribed and  their  value  or  inutility  commented 
upon.  The  files  of  the  Press  will  be  found  to 
contain  a  complete  record  of  matters  relating 
to  mines  for  the  whole  Pacific  Coast. 

The  carefully  prepared  index  on  the  last  page 
of  this  number  shows  the  variety  and  scope  of 
the  contents  of  the  volume  and  the  general 
character  of  the  subject-matter  published. 
While  devoted  to  mining  mainly,  space  is  also 
devoted  to  popniar  science,  mechanical  and 
scientific  progress,  engineering  and  industrial 
pursuits, and  inventions  receive  a  liberal  share  of 
attention.  More  space  has  been  devoted  of 
late  to  illustrations  and  this  feature  will  be 
still  more  fully  oared  for  in  the  future. 

Mining  men  and  the  progressive  industrial 
classes  of  this  coast  cannot  well  afford  to  be 
without  the  Mining  and  Scientific  Press, 
which  is  devoted  to  their  interests.  Those 
familiar  with  its  merits  should  call  the  atten- 
tion of  others  to  the  paper  and  aid  us  in  increas- 
ing oar  list  of  subscribers. 


Cone  Scales  for  Saving  Gold. 


Silver  Legislation. 


Business  Annoimoements. 


[NEW  THIS  I88DB.J 

Machinist  and  Mechanical  Engineer— A.  J.  Van  Drake. 
Dividend  Notice— San  Francisco  Savings  Union. 
Dividend  Notice— German  Savings  and  Loan  Society. 
tS'See  Advertising  Columns. 


Passing  Events. 

This  number  of  the  Press  closes  the  volume, 
and  it  is  hoped  our  readers  will  call  the  atten- 
tion of  others  to  the  merits  of  the  paper  just 
at  this  time  in  order  that  new  subscribers  may 
commence  with  the  next  volume. 

The  shooting  of  one  of  the  striking  molders 
by  one  of  the  proprietors  of  a  foundry  has 
brought  the  phase  of  violence  into  the  contest 
in  this  city,  as  has  been  long  feared. 

At  last,  Congres|  baa  done  something  definite 
on  the  silver  question,  by  the  House  refusing  to 
adopt  the  amended  Free  Coinage  bill.  This 
matter  is  referred  to  more  fully  in  another 
column. 

The  mining  outlook  is  quite  favorable  in  this 
State,  and  in  fact  all  over  the  coast.  The  min- 
ers are  busy  everywhere,  and  there  ia  an  abun- 
dance of  water  in  all  the  streams  for  power. 

Proapeoting  for  natural  gaa  ia  going  on  in 
many  places  in  this  State.  Within  a  week  a 
fine  gas-well  is  reported  in  Sinta  Birbara 
county.  In  Sin  Joaquin  county  there  are  sev- 
eral of  these  wells  and  doubtless  others  will  be 
found. 

Tbe  9th  of  September  ia  already  a  legal  holi- 
day in  thie  State,  and  thia  year  the  Governor 
has  declared  the  8th  also  a  legal  holiday,  so 
that  there  will  be  plenty  of  time  to  properly 
celebrate  the  anniversary  of  the  admission  of 
California  into  the  Union, 


The  action  of  the  House  in  re j  acting  the  Sen- 
ate's free  coinage  amendment,  and  asking  for  a 
conference  on  the  Silver  bill,  is  taken  to  indi- 
cate that  a  compromise  bill  fairly  aatisfaotory 
to  bimetallists  will  be  agreeed  upon.  While 
blmetallists  will  gracefully  accept  the  best  bill 
obtainable,  yet  they  will  appeal  to  the  public 
at  the  Oongressional  elections  to  be  held  thia 
fall,  in  favor  of  the  free  coinage  of  silver. 
There  are  too  many  industries  whose  general 
prosperity  is  dependent  upon  silver  being 
placed  on  a  par  with  gold,  to  allow  the  metal 
to  continue  a  commodity,  and  free  coinage  alone 
can  raise  it  from  that  debased  position. 

Judging  from  the  tenor  of  press  and  private 
advices  received  from  Washington,  it  looks  at 
this  writing  that  the  bill  upon  which  the  Con- 
ference Committee  will  agree  will  include  the 
original  features  of  the  Hiiuse  bill  making  it 
compulsory  to  purchase  4.500,000  ounces  of  sil- 
ver monthly,  with  the  bullion  redemption 
clanse  stricken  out,  and  making  silver  certifi- 
cates a  legal  tender  and  redeemable  in  lawful 
money  of  the  United  States. 

According  to  latest  authentic  advices,  the 
production  of  silver  by  the  civilized  nations 
aggregates  130,000,000  ounces  a  year.  Of  this 
there  is  nsed  in  the  arts  20,000,000  ounces. 
India  takes  30,000,000,  China,  Japan  and  the 
East  10,000,000,  while  European  and  other 
ooantries  outside  of  America  take  for  coinage 
20,000,000.  Total,  80,000,000  ounoes.  With 
the  United  States  purchasing  for  coinage 
4,500,000  ounces  monthly  (54,000,000  yearly), 
the  surplus  will  be  more  than  absorbed.  It 
also  stands  to  reason  that  with  the  latter  coun- 
try using  so  large  a  quantity,  the  price  of  thi 
metal  will  be  largely  enhanced,  which  will 
force  other  nations  to  use  more  silver,  so  as  to 
bring  their  yearly  coinage  up  to  the  usual  out- 
put. With  such  a  condition  of  affaire  bimetal, 
lieta  ought  to  be  able  to  produce  a  change  of 
sentiment  abroad '  toward  ailver  and  bring 
about  the  remonetfzing  of  ailver. 


A  Natural  Gas  Well.— A  correspondent 
writes  us  from  Carpinteria,  Santa  Barbara  Co., 
that  a  roaring  natural  gas  well  was  struck  one 
day  last  week  by  H.  L.  Williams  of  Summer- 
land,  at  a  depth  of  only  30  feet.  The  well 
shoots  np  a  flame  of  fire  when  lighted  from  10 
to  20  feet  high  and  at  night  lights  ud  the  whole 
town.  There  is  probably  more  gas  escaping 
from  the  two-inch  pipe  which  is  sunk  but  25 
feet  than  is  manufactured  in  Santa  Barbara,  a 
city  of  10,000  inhabitants. 


Charles  Trafton  of  Yankee  Jim's,  Placer 
county,  has  just  patented  through  the  Mining 
and  Scientific  Press  Patent  Agency  a  new 
gold-saving  apparatus,  the  main  feature  of 
which  conaists  in  the  novel  concentrating  or 
gold-catching  aurface. 

He  makea  a  frame  or  table  of  any  si\itable 
character,  over  the  surface  of  which  are  se- 
cured the  scales  of  the  cones  of  the  oonifei  ie 
order.  For  some  work — as,  for  instance,  for 
coarser  material — he  prefers  to  use  the  scales 
of  the  larger  cones,  such  as  are  borne  by  the 
"digger"  and  the  sugar  pine.  For  lighter 
work  he  uses  tbe  scales  of  smaller  cones,  as  of 
the  spruce,  and  in  some  instances  the  scales  of 
the  cones  of  the  fir  and  hemlock.  These  scales 
are  closely  set  over  the  surface  of  the  frame  or 
table,  somewhat  after  the  manner  of  shingles, 
though  not  necessarily  in  the  regular  rows  or 
lines  of  shingles,  but  in  such  a  way  as  to  fully 
cover  the  frame  or  table  surface,  the  scales 
overlapping  each  other.  They  may  be  aeoured 
upon  a  perfectly  plane  surface,  or  upon  a  snr- 
faoe  formed  with  inclines. 

In  either  case — on  account  of  the  peculiar 
ahape  of  the  acales — they  do  not  lie  flat  and 
close  upon  one  another,  as  do  ahingles,  but 
their  free  points  or  ends  are  separated  from  the 
bodies  of  the  scales  which  they  overlap,  and 
especially  is  this  separation  noticeable  where 
the  acales  are  set  to  break  joints,  as  it  were,  in 
succeeding  rows,  because  of  the  lateral  oonvex* 
Ity  of  the  scale,  a  space  being  left  batween  the 
points  of  the  overlapping  scales  and  the  meet- 
ing edges  of  the  underlying  scales.  Thia  sep- 
aration is  more  noticeable,  however,  in  the 
form  where  the  scales  are  attached  to  inclines. 
Tbe  surface  thus  provided  is  a  very  rough  one, 
having  deep  interstices  and  spaces. 

The  utility  of  the  surface  for  the  purpose  In- 
tended lies  in  this  fact  to  a  great  extent,  as  the 
heavier  particles  are  caught  in  the  interstices 
or  spaces  between  the  scales,  which  thus  form 
rifHes,  while  the  lighter  particles  are  washed 
off,  it  being  understood  that  the  table  or  frame 
ia  a  waabing-table,  and  water  ia  to  be  used  in 
connection  with  the  ore.  The  water  and  ore 
flow  over  the  surface  in  a  direction  against  the 
raised  or  free  ends  of  the  scales. 

The  table  or  frame  is  intended   to  be  one  of  a 
series  of  similar  tables  or   frames   to  be  placed 
in  the  slnlce  ;  but  it  is  obvious   that  the  same 
surface  may  be  made  within  a  properly  or  differ- 
ently   conatructed    frame,    having    sides   suffi- 
ciently high  to  form  a   channel  for  itself.     The 
utility  of  this  anrface  is  not  confined,  however, 
to    its    roughness,    bat  is    due    also  to  a   pe- 
culiarity of  the   scale    which    develops    itself 
after  wear. 
The  upper  or  outer  surface  of  the  acale  has  a 
tin,  which,    upon  exposure,   or  by  reason   of 
friction  and  wear,  breaks  off  in  soaly  bitp,  leav- 
ing underneath  a  fibrous   kind  of  body,  which 
serves  excellently  as  a  concentrating  surface  on 
account  of  its  rongbness.     It  is,   therefore,  a 
fact  that  after  the  scales  have  been  in  use  for  a 
time,  the  skins  peel  off  and  wear  away,  leaving 
this  fibrons  or   roughened  surface  of  the  scale 
exposed,  and  the  whole  aurface  ia   thereby  ren- 
dered more  effective  than   it  was  at  first.     Mr. 
Trafton  says  he  has  found  by  actual  experience 
that  this  form  of  concentrating  or  catching  sur- 
face is  very  effective.     It  is,    moreover,  simple 
and  economical  in  its   construction,   and  it  is 
practical  in  its  operation.     The  surface  may  be 
readily    washed    and    cleaned    when    desired. 
The  scales  may  be  stripped   from  the  table  and 
washed,  and  then  by  burning  them,  all  material 
which  still   clioga  to  them   after  tbe  washing 
may  be  saved. 

The  acales  will  laat  several  months  of  con- 
stant use,  and  when  worn  out,  or  when  de- 
stroyed for  the  purpose  of  aaving  the  precious 
material  which  they  have  caught,  othera  may 
be  readily  aubstituted. 


R.  McMurry  aaid  the  company  had  no  inten- 
tion to  violate  tbe  law,  aa  it  had  ceaaed  mining, 
and  «aked  permiasion  to  make  money  and  pro- 
tect the  valley.  The  motion  waa  granted  with 
the  underatanding  that  tbe  work  la  to  be  done 
under  the  inspection  of  the  anti-debris  officers 
and  at  the  risk  of  the  company  in  violating  tbe 
in  j  unction  already  in  force  against  the  mine. 

The  Molders'  Strike. 

On  Thursday  morning  of  thia  week,  the 
molders'  strike,  which  has  lasted  nearly  four 
months,  at  length  brought  abont  a  homicide. 
Edward  Coogan,  an  apprentice  molder  employ- 
ed in  the  Vulcan  Iron  Works,  waa  shot  and 
killed  by  James  W.  Kerr  of  the  firm  of  Steiger 
&  Kerr,  Occidental  Foundry.  It  seems  that  a 
man  named  Clausaen,  employed  in  Mr.  Kerr's 
foundry,  and  one  of  the  few  who  did  not  go 
on  strike,  told  Mr.  Kerr  he  was  threatened 
with  molestation  unless  he  quit  work  at  the 
shop.  Mr.  Kerr  accompanied  him  to  his  home 
on  Wednesday  night  and  went  there  again 
Thursday  morning  to  bring  him  back  to  the 
foundry.  They  walked  together  and  along  the 
way  there  was  considerable  demonstration 
among  the  apprentices  and  other  young  men 
on  the  street.  As  the  two  came  near  First  and 
Minna  streets,  a  crowd  of  men  surrounded 
them,  and  Mr.  Kerr  warned  them  to  let  him 
and  his  charge  alone.  The  strikers  surrounded 
Olauaaeu  and  threw  him  down  and  injured  htm 
more  or  less.  They  are  said  also  to  have  atruok 
Mr.  Kerr,  who  drew  his  revolver,  fired  and 
killed  young  Coogan. 

There  are,  as  is  usual  in  such  cases,  conflict- 
ing statements  aa  to  Coogan's  part  in  the  affair, 
and  the  striking  molders  wil!  not  acknowledge 
that  any  of  their  men  were  engaged  in  the  mat- 
ter. Mr.  Kerr  declines  for  the  present  to 
make  any  statement. 

The  unfortunate  affjir  Is  greatly  to  be  re- 
gretted. It  has  created  great  excitement  in 
the  iron-works  quarter  and  intensified  tbe 
feeling  between  the  men  and  their  former  em- 
ployers. Until  this  occasion  there  has  been  no 
bloodshed  in  the  contest,  although  it  has  been 
feared,  and  tbe  men  who  are  at  work  had 
armed  themselves  in  anticipation  of  molesta- 
tion. 

While  the  general  public  and  the  foundry- 
men  concede  the  right  of  the  men  to  strike  and 
quit  work  if  they  choose,  they  do  not  con- 
cede any  right  to  prevent  others  from  working 
in  their  places,  and  when  such  men  are  at 
work,  it  is  very  poor  policy  for  the  strikers  to 
threaten  or  molest  them.  In  such  a  ocnrse 
they  get  no  sympathy.  In  this  particular  case 
they  appear  to  have  molested  both  a  workman 
and  an  employer,  under  circumstances  when 
they  could  do  no  less  than  defend  themselves 
as  best  they  could.  The  affair  will  of  course  be 
investigated  by  the  authorities  at  once. 


Prospecting  in  Alaska. 


Want  to  Remove  Their  Plant.  —  The 
Eureka  Lake  and  Mining  Co.,  which  carried  on 
hydraulic  mining  several  years  ago  at  Columbia 
Hill,  have  made  application  to  Judge  Keyser 
at  Marysville  to  be  permitted  to  remove  4000 
feet  of  flume  and  clean  np  tbe  sluice,  as  large 
quantities  of  gold  and  quicksilver  were  depos- 
ited, from  which  it  is  expected  $15,000  will  be 
realized.  In  the  application  it  is  claimed  that 
the  removing  of  the  flame  would  prevent  the 
greater  portion  of  100,000  yards  of  debris  being 
'  emptied  every   winter  into  tbe    Yuba    river. 


Whoever  finds  any  gold  in  Alaska  deaeivea 
all  there  ia  in  it.  There  Is  doubtleas  plenty 
of  gold  there,  but  the  conditions  are  not  very 
favorable.  The  intense  oold  in  winter  and  heat 
and  mosquitoes  in  summer  are  not  conducive 
to  comfort  or  good  work.  In  that  region, 
which  is  thickly  wooded  and  watered,  there 
is  no  wandering  about  the  hills,  as  with  us, 
looking  for  "  float,"  but  they  float  about  them- 
selves do  the  prospectors,  substituting  a  boat 
for  a  burro,  and  it  is  generally  harder  work  to 
urge  a  boat  than  a  burro.  There  ia  more  work 
and  leas  profanity  required. 

Rivers  wind  about  the  region  in  all  direc- 
tions. Upon  these  the  prospectors  hinnoh 
their  canoes  and  cover  their  distances,  landing 
when  and  where  they  can  to  look  after  the 
golden  scales.  There  are  many  marshes  and 
moss-covered  bogs  to  cross  and  thick  timber 
which  must  be  passed  for  all  who  go  on  foot. 
As  a  resnlt,  oanoes  are  in  demand  and  uni- 
versally used.  To  go  anywhere,  the  men  must 
go  by  water.  Although  the  following  item 
would  sound  queerly  anywhere  else,  it  is  all 
right  when  quoted  from  the  Alaskan  Free 
Press:  "Quite  a  number  of  boats  have  left 
Juneau  thia  week  with  prospecting  partlea  and 
men  going  to  various  localities  to  commence 
development  work  en  mining  claims.  Djring 
the  warm  weather  of  the  past  week  the  snow 
has  disappeared  as  if  by  magio,  and  it  will 
not  be  long  until  tbe  hills  are  full  of  proc 
peotors," 


JuNB  2S,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


435 


Mining   Stockliolders'  Rights. 

The  preaeot  Byttem  of  working  eome  of  the 
mioiog  proptrtiea  locited  oo  the  Cioistocb 
lode  in  Nevadft,  {■  DDparalleled  for  waite  and 
extravagaace.  KxtravigiDce  may  not  be  the 
itroDf^eit  word  to  use  when  oommeDtiog  upon 
the  acta  of  truatess,  id  whoae  haads  the  proper- 
ty of  a  million  people  le  placed  in  Iru^t,  for  the 
reatOD  that  an  eminent,  jadicial  writer  onoe 
said:  A  public  trust  is  one  of  the  moat  eacred 
tkinge  cf  our  republican  iDBtitaticn- ;  to  abuse 
a  public  tmst  is  the  ftreateet  of  crimes. 

Sucb  opiuioDs  shoQld  snggeit  a  very  cirefnl 
reading  of  the  law  governing  trusteeship  by 
those  who  assame  control  of  the  property  of 
their  fellow-oitfz'ns,  and  the  penalties  imposed 
for  non-oomplianco  with  the  provisions  of  sach 
laws  sbcnld  be  studioualy  considered.     K/en  a 


porta  o'  th»»  Comstock    mines,   da'lng   back   tt 
1874,  '75,  '70.  will  be    found,  reoorded,  the  fact 
that  the  mills  were  required  to   return  not   less  ' 
than  65  ptr  cent  cf  the  mine  assays.  ' 

Those  bullion  reports,  as  well  as  all  cootrscts 
of  that  date,  whether  written  or  verbal,  taken 
In  oODJanction  with  the  late  refmal  of  the 
saperintendents  to  return  the  amount  of  ore  | 
shipped  to  mill  and  the  arniy  value  thereof,; 
leaves  it  open  for  the  stockholder  to  imiglne  a 
fraudulent  concealment  on  the  pirt  of  the  man- 
agement. 

The  Mill  Company,  receiving  ores  from  the 
mines  that  have  not  been  weighed  nor  assayed, 
cir,  if  so  disposed,  appropriate  50  psr  cent  of 
its  valuable  bullion.  Who  is  revponsible? 
The  Act  of  April,  ISSO,  imposes  a  fine  upon 
the  trnstees  for  this  criminal  neglect  of  prop 
erty  managed  by  them  for  all  stockholders. 
Why  is  not  this  law  enforced  ?  A  great  ma- 
jority of  the  presidents  and  trustees  of  the 
Comatock  mines  are  woaltby  citizens. 

The  real  estate  standing  in  their  names  and 
their  monthly  salaries  in  nee  ciee  being  $1000 
per  month,  should  be  sttBslent  guarantee  that 
they   aro     ab  e   and   willing  to  pay  fines  if   the 


tached  thereto.  Bilng  an  agent  merely,  by 
what  possible  right  c%n  he  claim  the  privilege 
of  selling  or  even  of  giving  the  proxy  power  of 
his  client  to  a  third  aod  disinterested  party? 
This  is  all  wrong  and  without  legal  authority. 
It  is  another  of  those  improper  customs  which 
are  allowed  to  gron*,  like  rank  weeds,  until 
tbey  nearly  etranijle  all  other  products. 

This  abuse  of  the  proxy  systam  ii  very  near 
the  sap  root  of  the  unlawful  system  of  mine 
manaeement  whloh  has  done  so  much  to  Injure 
minlog  OD  our  Pacitio  Cjaat. 

It  should  be  stopped,  and  the  po^er  to  stop 
it  rests  wholly  with  the  Mining  E  (changes, 
whose  members,  without  authority  of  law  or 
coDsent  of  their  clients,  give  the  power  to  elrct 
trustee*,  wbr,  we  are  sorry  to  say,  too  often 
abuse  the  trust  thus  conferred  npon  them. 

The  mining  interests  of  this  cca^t  amount  to 
untold  millionR,  and  the  Individnal  members  of 
onr  Mining  Exchanges  must  be  of  very  email 
mental  caliber  to  tolerate  a  costom  unknown  to 
law  when  they  have  been  convinced  by  their 
langniahioe  business  that  the  custom  has  been 
and  ia  an  abuse  of  their  rights  and  the  rights 
of  those  whom  they  are  pleased  to  terra  clients. 


ough  investigation  requested  therefrom.  A 
million  etookholders  are  certainly  entitled  to 
property  protection,  and  a  petition  forwarded 
in  proper  form  to  Washiogtoo  would  doubtless 
tiod  plenty  of  ac  v  icates  among  onr  Representa- 
tives and  Senator*,  who  wonid  demand  an  in- 
vestigation by  the  G.^neral  Government.  This 
remedy  hhn  recently  been  suggested  to  many 
oomplainiog  stockholders  in  the  hope  that  an 
iovestigation  in  the  iatereatof  truth  and  jaitloa 
will  be  made. 


Gables  for  Gable  Roads. 

{Continued  from  page  4S7.) 

This  is  done  by  Uyiog  ia  the  strands  of  the 
cable  in  the  manner  shown  In  the  accompanying 
engraving,  wires  of  a  shipo  which  allows 
them  to  lay  in  between  the  round  wires  and 
overlap  them,  so  as  to  protect  them  against 
wear  from  abrasion.  » 

In  the  engraving,  Fi(r.  I,  a  lorgitudioal  view 
of  one  strand  of  a  cable  is  shown,  and  in  Fig, 
2  a  section  of  the  same  strand,  showing  the 
manner  of  forming  euoh  strand,  a  center  round 


PtK.    l.-SKSTCa    OF    WOODEN    "SCREEN    TANKS"    ItJ    USB    AT    SAN    PBANCISCO. 


carefnl  study  of  the  law  might  not  appeal  to 
the  conscience  in  this  age  which  struggles  to 
wholly  disregard  the  constitutional  rights  of 
the  humbler  citizen;  but  it  would  certainly 
Buggeet  an  appeal  to  the  well-tilled  pocket, 
ohould  redresB  ba  soucht  in  legal  form  by  those 
to  whom  it  ia  due.  Tne  laet  quarterly  bullion 
report  of  the  several  ore-yielding  mines  in  that 
section  reveals  a  very  bad  condition  of  affiUB. 
It  can  be  truthfully  said  that  the  complete- 
ness with  which  the  system  is  organized  com- 
mands the  admiration  of  every  one  who  be- 
oomes  familiar  with  its  details.  lb  was  origi- 
nated by  a  maeter  mind;  now  it  has  bf come  the 
common  practice  of  the  common  kind.  The 
mills  engaged  in  crushing  the  output  of  the 
various  ore-produciog  mines  are  not  owned  by 
the  mines  but  by  certain  individual  incor- 
poratorp,  who  apparently  have  a  monopoly  of 
the  busioesa,  Tne  mines  are  under  control  of 
boards  of  trmte.a,  who  employ  anperintendents 
to  manage  the  property  held  by  them  in  ttnat. 
These  trusteer,  more  particularly  of  the  ore- 
producing  minee,  apparently  ace  in  colluaion 
with  the  ownera  of  millr,  and  they  make  verbal 
contracts  to  have  the  ores  of  the  minea  crushed 
by  these  mills.  These  contracts,  in  dehanoe  of 
juBtice,  allow  the  mill  companies  to  take  the 
ore  away  from  the  mine  noweighed,  to  mill  tbe 
same  and  to  make  any  kind  of  a  bullion  return 
that  the  mill  company  may  deem  proper.  In 
a  transaction  of  this  nature,  aa  a  matter  of 
fact  ■  the  trustees  of  the  atockholdera  must 
ienore  the  law  which  compels  them  to  have  the 
amount  of  ore  shipped  to  mill  and  the  assay 
value  thereof  reported  weekly  to  the  stock- 
holders,  an  is  set  forth  in  the  legielattve  Act  of 
April   1880.    Among  any  of  the  old  bullion  re- 


Fig.   2.~PLAN    OF    WOODEN    "SCREEN    TANKS"    IN    USE    AT    OAKLAND 
PRIOR    TO    18B9. 


law  invoked  by  the  stockhcldera  compels  them. 
Stockholders  are  constantly  complaining  of  the 
UDJast  treatment  they  recdivp  at  the  hands  of 
tha  trnsteefl  who  represent  their  property.  A.s 
the  law  on  this  eubjdct  ia  very  plainly  written, 
with  the  fxc?ption,  perhap",  of  the  "prox> 
system,"  the  fault,  in  too  many  instanoas,  resti 
with  that  large  body  of  stockholdera  who 
neglect  to  invoke  the  strong  arm  of  the  law 
which  was  enacted  expreatly  for  their  protec- 
tion and  relief. 

This  "  proxy  system  "  is  a  great  wrong.  Toe 
Sin  Francisco  B  lard  of  Brokers  and_  the 
Paoifio  B>ard  of  Brokers  should  take  some  joint 
actian  which  should  compel  the  reapective 
members  thereof,  under  penalty  of  heavy  fiop, 
to  refnae  giving  the  proxies  of  their  clients' 
stock  to  be  votod  by  any  one  at  annual  elec- 
tions. Toe  broker,  according  to  the  written 
contract  which  he  makes  all  of  his  clients  sign 
when  doing  commisBXon  buaineaa  for  the  client", 
sets  forth  that  the  aforesaid  broker  ia  merely 
an  agent   for  the   principal  whoae   name  ia   at- 


It  is  certainly  a  great  oversight  and  a  lack  of 
wisdom  to  permit  such  an  abuae  to  continue. 

The  mill  company  is  amply  protected  and  is 
fully  recompensed  for  its  labor  when  it  baa 
collected  S7  per  ton  for  working  ores  for  the 
mines.  Even  the  tailings  (  vh'en  they  are  not 
too  rich)  might  bo  allowed  co  go  to  the  mi'l  by 
the  mining  company,  but  when,  in  addition 
thereto,  the  mill  company  claim  and  actually 
take  the  alimea  and  alums,  which  aasay  more 
than  $100  per  ton  in  too  many  iubtincep,  right 
there  the  stockholder"  should  step  in  and  eat-^b- 
liah  their  claims  to  all  bullion  extracted  from 
their  ores. 

Herein  lies  the  secret  of  much  suddenly  ac- 
quired wealth  of  millmen.  It  ia  an  outrage  on 
scockholders— a  deliberate  confiscation  of  their 
bullion,  and  the  system  or  custom  which  tol- 
erates such  an  iojaatice  should  be  atopped.  If 
the  law  invoked  to  stop  such  proceedings  is 
found  Burrounded  by  insurmountable  difficul- 
I  ties,  then  the  whole  matter  could  be  made 
I  known  to  the  General  Government   and  a  thor- 


wire  being  ccvered  by  six  round  wires,  and 
these  again  by  six  round  and  six  V-sbaped 
wires  alternately.  The  eix  V-ahaped  wires 
project  slightly  above  the  round  wires  and  pre- 
sent a  broad,  flattened  wearing  servioe  which 
protects  and  retards  the  destruotion  of  the 
other  wires,  while  tbe  wear  on  the  V  wires  Is 
comparatively  slow  on  aooount  of  the  great 
surface  exposed  to  wear. 

The  V  shaped  wire  is  drawn  so  as  to  fit  in 
between  the  adjacent  wirep,  and  baa  an  area  in 
excess  of  what  the  round  wire  as  usually  used 
ba**,  and  being  made  of  i  lightly  softer  material 
than  the  other  wire  and  of  milder  stoel,  does 
not  harden  and  temper  under  the  ciroum- 
etadces  and  conditions   previously  referred   to. 

Fig.  3  and  Fig.  4  are  respectively  longitudinal 
view  and  section  of  a  complete  cable  made  in 
the  manner  described,  of  six  strands,  as  shown 
in  Figa.  1  and  2. 

Fig.  5  ia  the  section  of  one  wire  of  an  ordi- 
nary oable,  before  being  worn  down,  and  Fig. 
6  is  the  same  wire  when  worn  down  by  abrasion. 

Fig.  7  is  a  section  of  one  strand  of  a  cable  aa 
ordinarily  made,  showing  the  line  or  zone  of 
abraalon. 

Figs.  S  and  9  are  respectively  sectional  and 
longitndinal  views  of  an  ordinary  oable.  before 
the  wires  are  wore,  and  Figa.  10  and  11  repre- 
sent the  same  cable  when  worn;  the  inner  cir- 
cular line  in  Fig.  11  and  the  eltlptically  flat- 
tened aurfacea  on  the  wires  in  Fig.  10  showing 
the  cfl'ect  of  abraaion. 


James'  Traction  Engine. 

A  repreaentative  of  the  Press  visited  Rice's 
Eigine  Works,  56  B'uxome  street,  this  week, 
to  witufaa  a  trial  of  an  engine  designed  by  Mr. 
David  James.  Tbia  engine  is  intended  to  he 
nsed  in  farming  and  Inmbering  operations, 
where  it  ianot  desirable  to  go  to  the  expense 
of  laying  an  iron  or  steel  track. 

The  engine  oonsista  of  a  platform  about  24s6 
feet  on  which  ia  mounted  an  ordinary  horizontal 
farm  boiler. 

There  are  two  cylindere — one  on  eaoh  side  of 
the  platform,  and  the  piston  rods  are  eaoh 
connected  directly  with  one  of  a  pair  of  drive 
wheels  which  Bupport  one  end  of  the  engine. 
These  wheels  are  about  2^  feet  in  diameter  and 
15  inches  wide  and  have  S.ingea  on  their  inside 
edgeE ;  they  are  placed  close  togel  her,  tbe 
flinged  edgf a  an  inch  or  ao  apart,  The  other 
end  of  the  platform  Is  supported  by  a  pair  of 
similar  wheels.  The  track  on  which  this  en- 
gine runs  is  made  of  two  4  inch  planks  about 
one  fo3t  wide,  placed  about  four  inches  apart. 
In  the  apace  between  the  planks  tbe  flanged 
edgea  of  the  wheels  run  and  prevent  the  engine 
leaving  the  track, 

Mr.  James  claims  that  the  expense  of  build- 
ing a  road  for  this  engine  will  not  exceed  §1000 
per  mile.  Tbe  trial  engine  ia  built  so  aa  to  be 
family  handled  and  has  a  capacity  for  carrying 
quite  a  supply  of  wood  and  water, 

W.  C.  Ralston  baa  resigned  the  superintend- 
ency  of  the  Hogaback  mine,  and  on  July  lat 
will  go  to  Seattle  to  engage  in  the  real  estate 
business.  G.  F.  Hoffman  will  take  charge  of 
the  Hogaback. 


436 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[June  28,-1890 


PARKE    &    LACY  COMPANY 

IMPORTERS    AND    MANUFACTURERS    OP 

MINING,     MILL    and    GENERAL     MACHINERY. 


ENGINES,  BOILERS,  STEAM  PUMPS, 

AIR  OOMPRBSSORS,  ROOK  DRILLS, 
WALL'S  CRUSHING  ROLLS, 

CONCENTRATORS,  PULVERIZERS, 
•   TURBINE  WATER  WHEELS, 

ROOK  BREAKERS,  DRY  JIGS. 

Bullock's  Diamond  Drills 


GOLDEN  GATE  CONCENTRATORS, 

GREATEST  CAPACITY  OF  ANY  CONCENTRATOR  MADE, 
One  Machine  Taking  Pulp  from  10  Stamps. 


SAW    MILLS,    MACHINE    TOOLS, 
PLANING  MILLS,  INJECTORS  and  EJECTORS 
BELTING,  PACKING,  OILS,  LUBRICATORS, 
FIRE    EXTINGUISHERS, 
CENTRIFUGAL  PUMPS 
ROTARY  PUMPS,  GANG  EDGERS, 
CAMPBELL'S    STEAM    FEEDS, 
MILL    and    MINE    SUPPLIES. 


GrX:Xi3-Z:ft.j!^Xj     .A.Gr:E!'S^'n3     x<ox<. 


WESTINGHOUSE    AUTOMATIC     ENGINES. 

SALES  DURING  LAST  FOUR  MONTHS: 

r<r4T\/r'Pr4TTTSJT^  44  enginks,  RTAMTlAT?ri  99  engines,  TTTMim?  ig6  engines, 

V-/UJyixr  IJ  U  IN  iJ,    6Z15  HORSE  POWER.  O  ±Ji.lM  UJ:^.£\ilJ,    4C00  HOBSE  POWER.  «J  U  J.N  J.VJII1,    4260  HORSE  FOWI 

Gr3ra.xi.ca.   Tota-l,    309    X:xjiSi33.es,    .A.sS^^S^'t±^a.s    XS.OVS    J^orSG    I»o-«7S7-e>r. 


21  and  23  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco,  Gal. 


189  Clarence  St.,  Sydney,  N.  S.  W. 


THE     PELTOW     WATER     "WHEEL    THE  GATES 

ORE  AND  ROCK  CRUSHER 


GIVES    THE    HIGHEST    EFFICIENCY    OF    ANY     WHEEL    IN     THE    WORLD. 


^<^ 


OVER  800  ALREADY  IN  USE. 

Affords  the  Most  Simple  and  Reliable  Power  for  all 
Mining  and   MaDufaoturing   Maohinery. 

Adapted  to  heads  raaniDg  from  20  up  to  2.000  feet. 

From  12  to  20  per  cent  better  reenlta  guaranteed  than 
can  be  produced  from  any  other  Wheel  in  the  Country. 

ELECTRIC  TRANSMISSION. 

Power  from  these  Wheels  can  be  transmitted  long 
distances  with  small  Iobb,  and  is  now  extensively  used  in 
all  parts  of  the  country  for  generating  both  power  and 
light. 

APPLIOATIONS 

Should  state  amount,  and  bead  of  water,  power  required, 
and  for  what  purpose  ;  with  approximate  length  of  pipe  ; 
also,  whether  the  spplicatioD  U  with  reference  to  Wheels 
or  ilfofors  described  below.     SEND  FOR   CIRCULARS. 

The  Peiton  Water  Wheel  Co. 

^    — ^  121  MAIK  ST.,  SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 

aE»E:XjT'03>r      ^^TV-A-TESH       I^/fllOTOHS- 

Varying  from  the  fraction  of  1  up  to  15  and  SO-horse  power.     Unequaled   for   all   light-runnina   machinery.     Warranted  to  develop  a  given 
amount  of  power  with  one-half  the  water  required  by  any  other.     A^  SEND  FOR  MOTOR  CIRCULAR.     ADDRESS  AS  ABOVE. '^ 


THE  MOST  IMPORTANT 
IMPROVEMENT 

That  Has  Ever  Been  Made  in  This  Class 
of  Machinery. 

IT  WILL  DO  MUCH  FINER  WORK 

Than  Any  Other, 
AND  AT  ONE-HALF  THE  COST  IN  WEAR. 


The  Pelton  Water  Wheel  Co. 

121-123  MAIN  STREET, 

GENEKAt   WESTERN  AGENTS. 


NOTICE  TO  GOLD  MINERS!        j«stini»h  cMugen., 

521  &  523  Market  St.,  San  Francisco, 


nmm  hmmm  urn 


— DBALBR    IN— 


Assayers'  and  Mining  Material. 


-MANUTACTURHE    OP- 


QUARTZ,  GRAVEL,  OR  PLACER  MINES.  MADE  OP  BEST  SOFT  LAKff      UPBRIOK  COPPER 

jA.T     ItE!X>XTO:E333      I^IIIOESS.       . 

Oar  plates  are  guaranteed,  and  by  actual  experience  are  proved,  the   beaj  in  weight  of  Sil-  BATTERY  SCREENS  AND  W IHE  CLOTH 

ver  and  durability.     Old  Mining  Plates  Replated,  B)ught,  or  Gold  Separated.     THOUSAl^DS  

OP    ORDERS    FILLED.  

SAN    FRANCISCO    NOVELTY,  GOLD,  SILVER    AND    NICKEL    PLATING  WORKS,  ^e"*  *<"■  HOSKIKS' 

1 08  and  112  First  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.  HTDRO-CARBOIf    ASSAY   FURNACES 

t^  SEND  FOR  CIRCULARS. 

IMPORTANT  TO  GOLD  MINERS! 

SILVER-PLATED  AMALGAM  PLATES  for  SAVING  GOLD 

IN    QUARTZ,    GRAVEL    AND    PLACER    MINING. 
PRICES  GREATLY  REDUCED. 

Only  Refined  Silver  and  Best  Copper  used.    Over  3000  Orders  filled.    Fifteen  Medals  Awarded,    Old  Mining^  Plates  can  be 

Replated,    Old  Plates  Boaght,  or  Gold  Separated, 

These  Plateg  can  also  be  purchased  of  JOHN  TAILOR  &  CO.,  Corner  First  and  Mission  Sts 

San  Francisco  Gold,  Silver  and  Nickel  Plating  Works,  653  &  655  Mission  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal ,  E.  G.  Denniston,  Prop'r. 


Our  Plates  have  been  used  for  20  years. 
Copper.      SKND  FJB  OIBOUL.AB. 


They  have'proved  the  best.    We  adhere  strictly  to  contract  In  welsbt  of  Silver  and 


June  28,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


4S7 


List  of  0.  S.  Patents  for  Pacific  Coast 
Inventors. 

Reported  by  Dewey  &  Oo-,  Pioneer  Fateot 
Bollcltore  for  PaclQo  Oockat. 

KUR    WEEK    ENUINCJUNE  I7,  189O. 

430,504.— Gasolinb  Engine— Barrrtt  ^^i  Daly. 
S.  F. 

430.WS-— (JAS  Engine— Barrel!  &  Daly,  S.  F. 

430  506.— Gas  Kngine     B:%rreit  &  Uaty.  S.   F. 

430.6  2.  —  Crushinu-Mili-— C.  B.  BiDgtiam, 
Volcano,  Cal. 

430.563  —Kevhole  Guard— G.  A.  Cavalli,  San 
Maieo,  Cal. 

430i3l'^-  —  Milk  Cooler  —  W,  W.  Conder, 
Hchb,  Or. 

430.310.— DOUBLE-ACTING  EXPLOSIVE  ENGINE 
—J.  W.  E  senhuth.  S.   F. 

430,311. — Cut-Ofk  for  Compound  Engine — 
J.  W.  Eiscnhmh,  S.  F. 

430,^12.— SrNGLE-AcTiNG  Exr'ix)siVE  Engine— 
r.  W.  Eisenhulh.  S.  F.  • 

430.313,— Packing  for  Stukrng-Bo.ves— En- 
sign A-  Wngbi,   B-rkdey,  Cal. 

430.603.  —  Si'ike-Making  Machine— L.  W. 
Estes,  Sacramento,  Cal. 

430.6C4— Match-making  Machine  —  Grisel 
&  Severio,  S.  F. 

430'3»7— ^'EH'CLK  Axle— J.  G.  Kenyon,  Port 
Kenyon.  Cal. 

430,294. — Crih— Lydia  A.  Mackenzie,  S.  F. 

430,605,— Gate— John  Mason,  Petaluma.  Cal. 

430, ■536.  — Making  Buiter— Delia  McGregory, 
Los  Angelfs,  Cal. 

430.301.— Fire  Hydrant— W.  T.  Y.  Schenck, 
S.  K. 

430,302 —Music  Leaf  Turner— Daniel  Schuy- 
ler. San  Diego,  Cal. 

430.303.— Harness— J.  C.  Simpson,  Oakland, 
Cal. 

430  490.  --  Baling  Press  — N.  P.  Slate,  Tan- 
gent, Or. 

430.548.— Washing  Machine  —  J.  B.  Sohn, 
I'"resno,  Cal. 

430.549.  —  Injector  Oil  Burner  —  E.  H. 
Thompson.  Newark,  Cal. 

430.305.— Gold-Saving  Device— Chas.  Traf- 
ton,  Yankee  Jim.  Cal. 

430,598.  —  Carkiage  Axle  Nut  —  T.  A. 
Wheeler,  San  Jose.  Cul. 

430.159.  —  Leather  Bf.aking  ~  Willert  & 
Zeiger,  Athena,  Or. 

430.309.— Tread  for  Wheels- Thos.  William- 
son, CollegeviDe,  Cal. 

430.164. —Vai'or  Sad  Iron— Young  &  Middle- 
kauf.  S.  F. 

The  following  brief  list  by  telegraph,  for  June  24,  will 
appear  more  complete  00  receipt  of  mail  advices: 

Californift— Frank  B.  Eddy,  San  liuontin,  aBsifinor  to 
W.  R.  Thomas  and  H.  Arnuld,  Alameda,  devk-e  (or 
cleaning'  tubee;  John  H.  Carter,  Loa  Anj^eles,  assignor, 
machine  for  numbeiine  Papers;  William  M.  Leavens,  S. 
F.,  latch-opener;  John  A.  McCoHum  and  B.  F.  Burt, 
Riverside,  apparatus  for  the  manufacture  of  gas;  Dun- 
can F.  McDonald,  Bcrke'ey,  animal  shears;  sime,  ship- 
berth;  John  K.  Moflet,  Chinese  Camp,  ore-testing  aj  pa- 
ratus;  Abraham  Moris,  ^'.  F.,  bed-lounge;  Jobn  D.  Rob- 
ertson, S.  F.,  attachinu  addreps  or  labels  to  wrappers, 
envelopes  or  publications;  William  J.  Smith,  S.  F.,  as- 
signor, feed-water  heater  and  purifier;  Horace  H.  Tay- 
lor, assignee  to  hims'iK  and  C.  K.  Whoelock,  Santa 
Rosa,  drier  for  fruit  and  other  materials;  Bernard  Toul- 
eae  and  J.  Delorieux,  S.  F.,  woldintr  and  upsetting  ma- 
chine. Oretron— Giles  W,  We  Her,  Baker  City,  car 
coupling.  Wash ington— John  D.  Burkhart,  Dayton,  cul- 
tivator. 

NoTB.— Copies  of  U.  S.  and  Foreign  patents  furnished 
by  Dewey  &■  Co.,  in  the  shortest  time  possible  (by  mall 
or  telegraphic  order).  American  and  Foreign  patents 
obtained,  and  general  patent  business  for  Pacifio  Coast 
Inventors  transacted  with  perfect  security,  at  reasonable 
rates,  and  in  the  shortest  possible  time. 


Notices  of  Recent  Patents. 

Among  the  patents  recently  obtained  through 
Dewey  tt  Co.'s  SciENTino  Press  U.  S.  and 
Foreign  Patent  Agency,  the  following  are 
wortliy  of  special  mention  : 

Cut-Off  for  Compound  Engines.— John  W. 
Eiaenhuth,  S.  F.,  assignor  to  the  Electric  Vapor 
Engine  Co.  No,  430,311.  Dated  June  17,  1890. 
This  invention  applies  to  compound  engines  in 
which  the  high  and  low-pressure  cylinders  are 
controlled  from  a  single  valve-chamher.  The 
invention  consists  of  the  novel  ariangeinent 
and  ■connection  of  the  valved  chambers  inter- 
vening between  the  high-pressure  and  low- 
pressure  cylinders,  the  arrangement  and  con- 
struction of  the  valve-seats  and  valves  for  each 
cylinder,  the  novel  arrangement  of  the  valve- 
stems  and  means  for  operating  them,  the  novel 
cut-off  mechanism  and  means  for  operating  it, 
and  the  novel  reversing  mechanism.  The  gen- 
eral object  of  the  invention  is  to  provide  a  sim- 
ple, efficient  and  economically  operating  engine 
of  Ibis  class;  also  to  provide  valve-stems  and 
cut-offs  of  simple  construction,  having  a  less 
number  of  parts  and  of  greater  durability  and 
easier  management,  and  that  will  work  steam 
to  a  greater  advantage. 

Harness.- Joseph  C.  Simpson,  S.  F.  No. 
430,303.  Dated  June  17,  18'JO.  This  is  an  im- 
provement in  light  harness  such  as  is  specially 
adapted  for  road-driving  or  for  use  on  trotting- 
tracks.  The  object  is  to  do  away  with  the  traces 
and  breeching  ordinarily  used  upon  harness, 
and  substitute  therefor  a  harness  that  will  per- 
mit free  use  of  the  shoulders  and  quarters,  and 
thus  increase  the  speed.  It.  consists  of  a  pe- 
culiarly constructed  saddle,  with  two  independ- 
ent girths,  either  with  or  without  the  other 
parts  of  the  harness,  elastic  connections  for  the 
girths,  means  for  securing  the  shafts,  and  cer- 
tain other  peculiarities  of  construction. 

Double- Acting  Explosive  Engine.— John 
"W.  Eisenhuth,  S.  F.,  assignor  to  the  Electric 
Vapor  Engine  Co.  No.  430,310.  Dated  June 
17  J890.  This  is  an  explosive  engine  ip  which 
the  gas  admitted  to  the  cylinder  is  exploded  by 
means  of  an  electric  spark.  The  object  is  to 
provide  a  double-acting  engine  which  can  be 
used  as  both  an  explosive  and  a  steam  engine, 
OS  may  be  desired,  it  being  so  constructed  that 


it  can  he  readily  changeil  from  an  explosive 
engine  to  a  sleuni  engine  by  taking  nut  the 
electrodes  and  plugging  up  the  holes,  then  tak- 
ing otV  the  cylinder-head  and  bolting  on  a  false 
piece  or  a  boss  to  the  same,  which  enters  the 
rece^  of  the  cylimlcr  an<l  lills  up  the  space 
above  the  i)islon,  so  that  there  will  be  no  loss 
of^teaiM,  OS  when  working  steam  it  requirut 
very  little  space  between  cylinder-head  and 
piston.  This*  is  not  so  when  working  the  en- 
gine expansively,  as  there  must  be  sutlieient 
space  to  hold  and  compre-ss  the  charge  of  gas 
and  air  before  exploding  tbesame;  hence  there 
must  be  at  least  2.^>  times  more  space  between 
the  piston  and  cylinder- head  when  working 
gases  and  air  tliun  when  working  steam,  thus 
making  it  necessary  to  have  a  deep-recessed 
cJiainber  at  each  end  oP  the  cylinder. 

FiRK  Hvdkant.— Win.  T.  Y.  Schenck.  S.  F. 
No.  430,301.  Dated  June  17,  1><*J*).  This  is  one 
of  that  class  of  hydrants  intended  for  citie-s. 
towns  and  villages,  for  attaching  fire-hose.  The 
.patent  covers  a  novel  construction  of  valve- 
movement  and  minor  details  of  construction. 
The  valve  is  both  easily  secured  and  removed. 
.Stikk-Making  Macuine. — Ijamont  W.  Estes, 
Sacramento.  No.  430,003.  Dated  June  17, 18!K). 
The  object  of  this  invention  is  to  ]>rovide  a  sim- 
ple and  ellective  machine  for  beveling  or  taper- 
ing off  the  ends  of  the  spikes  and  cutting  each 
spike  olf  from  the  bar  as  it  is  fed  into  the  ma- 
chine. 

Gate.— John  Mason,  Petaluma.  No.  430,605. 
Dated  June  17,  1800.  This  invention  relates  to 
that  class  of  gales  which  are  adapted  to  be 
opened  and  closed  by  means  of  ropes  and  cords 
extending  along  the  roadway,  thereby  avoiding 
the  necessity  of  the  traveler  alighting  from  his 
conveyance.  The  object  of  the  invention  is  to 
provide  a  simple  and  ellective  gate  of  this  "self- 
operating  "  class. 

Music-Leaf  Turner. — Daniel  Schuyler,  San 
Diego.  No.  430,302.  Dated  June  17,  18O0.  This 
is  an  apjjaratus  for  turning  leaves  and  it  is  es- 
pecially adapted  for  turning  leaves  of  music.  It 
consists  of  expansible  air-chambers,  a  series  of 
arms  with  attachments  for  grasping  the  leaves 
and  mechanism  intermediate  between  the  air- 
chambers  and  the  arms,  whereby  the  latter 
may  be  turned  backward  or  forward  without 
aid  from  the  hands. 

Tread  foe  Wheels. — Thos.  Williamson,  Col- 
legeville,  San  Joaquin  county.  No.  430,.309. 
Dated  June  17,  1800.  This  is  a  device  which 
tne  inventor  calls  a  "tread  for  wheels."  It  is 
especially  intended  to  give  a  broad  support  for 
wheels  on  soft  ground,  said  support  being  made 
flexible  and  yielding,  so  that  the  sections  of  it 
will  take  successively  the  position  of  a  hori- 
zontal or  flat  platform  beneath  the  convex 
portion  of  the  wheel  and  the  surface  of  the 
ground,  as  the  successive  portions  of  the  wheel - 
rim  are  brought  to  that  point.  It  consists  of  a 
series  ofshort  platforms  hinged  to  the  wlieel- 
rim  having  the  adjacent  ends  beveled  so  that 
they  will  lit  together  when  brought  into  bear- 
ing position  and  having  the  rear  ends  curved 
upwardly  to  prevent  digging  into  the  earth 
when  the  wheel  is  moved  backwardly, 

Single-Acting  Explosive  Engine. — John  W. 
Eisenhuth,  S.  F.,  assignor  to  the  Electric 
Vapor  Engine  Co.  No.  430.312.  Dated  June 
17,  1890.  This  is  one  of  that  class  of  explosive 
engines  in  which  the  explosion  is  due  to  an 
electric  spark  within  the  cylinder.  The  in- 
vention consists  in  the  novel  construction  of 
the  electrodes  and  means  for  operating  them, 
the  novel  inlet  pipes  and  valves,  and  the  novel 
exhaust  valve  and  means  for  operating  it.  By 
insulating  both  electrodes  this  inventor  avoids 
making  the  engine  serve  as  part  of  the  circuit 
as  is  commonly  done,  and  by  water-jacketing 
them  he  keeps  them  cool  and  avoids  any  inju- 
ry to  the  temper  of  the  spring  material  of 
which  they  are  composed  in  part  or  whole. 

Match-making  Machine. — Geo.  Grisel  and 
Frank  Severio,  S.  F.,  assignors  of  one-third  to 
Joseph  D.  Case.  No.  430,604.  Dated  June  17, 
1890.  The  object  of  this  invention  is  to  pro- 
vide a  machine  that  will  effect  continuously  a 
series  of  operations  briefly  stated  as  follows: 
First,  the  mounting  and  holding  of  the  splint 
blocks;  second,  their  feed  upon  a  traveling  car- 
rier; third,  the  carrying  forward  of  said  blocks 
through  a  suitable  heater,  whereby  they  are 
dried;  fourth,  the  dipping  of  said  blocks  in  the 
sulphur,  and  the  eradication  of  the  surplus  sul- 
phur by  shaking  and  striking  movements; 
tifth,  the  reduction  of  the  temperature  of  the 
sulphur-coated  blocks  to  a  suitable  point;  sixth, 
the  dipping  twice  of  said  blocks  into  a  compo- 
sition bath;  seventh,  the  cooling  again  of  said 
blocks  after  being  dipped  in  the  composition; 
eightli,  the  varnishing  of  the  blocks;  ninth, 
their  discharge;  and  tenth,  the  carrying  back  of 
the  holders  to  the  point  6f  beginning,  all  of 
these  operations  being  performed  upon  the 
moving  blocks  continuously,  and  each  opera- 
tion having  certain  minor  operations  necessary 
to  effect  the  complete  result  of  making  matches. 
Crdshing-Mill. — CuUen  B.  Bingham,  Vol- 
cano, Amador  county.  No.  430,602.  Dated 
June  17,  1890.  This  relates  to  an  improvement 
in  crushing-mills  of  that  class  in  wliich  wheels 
or  rollers  are  caused  to  travel  around  the  cen- 
ter and  upon  a  die  or  dies  which  are  concentric 
with  said  center  so  that  the  material  is  crushed 
between  the  rollers  and  the  dies.  The  patent 
covers  a  njjmber  of  improvements  in  this  class 
of  mills. 

Vehicle-Axle. — Jacob  G.  Kenyon,  Port  Ken- 
yon, Humboldt  county,  Cal.  No.  430,317. 
Dated  June  17,  1890.  This  is  an  improve- 
ment in  that  class  of  vehicles  to  which  a 
patent  has  already  been  granted  to  the  same  in- 
ventor, and  in  which  each  wheel  is  provided 
with  its  own  separate  or  independent  axle,  to 


which  it  is  made  fast  eo  that  wheel  and  axle 
rotate  together,  said  axles  passing  one  above 
the  other  and  journaled  in  separate  boxes  on 
each  side  <^f  the  vehicle  frame.  The  object  of 
this  invention  is  to  avoid  the  necessity  of  mak- 
ing the  wheel  on  onesideof  greater' diameter 
than  the  wheel  nn  the  other  side,  to  enable  its 
axle  or  spindle  tt»  pass  abovethe  axle  or  spindle 
of  the  smaller  wheel,  and  also  to  provide  bear- 
ings fur  said  axle  or  spindle  of  a  simple  and 
durable  character. 

Ckib.— LydiaA.  Mackenzie,  8.  F.  No.  430,- 
2^4.  Dated  June  17,  18SK).  This  is  an  improve- 
ment in  children's  cribs,  and  it  consists  of  a 
portable  arrangement  of  parts.  This  crib  may 
be  folded  up  no  aa  to  occupy  very  little  space 
for  transportation,  and  is  at  the  same  time  easi- 
ly and  quickly  set  up  when  desired. 


/l3se3Sfiiept  flotice^. 


CARME5LOLANDANDCO&LCOMPANY. 
Location  of  princli  at  place  of  business,  San  Fran- 
cisco, Callforiiiu;  location  of  works,  Monterey  county, 
Ctli'ornla. 

Notice  is  hereby  given,  that  at  a  meeting  of  the  Board 
of  Directors,  held  on  the  4th  day  of  Juno,  1S90,  an  aaaees- 
mcnt(No.  I)  of  Fifty  {SOc)  Cents  per  tliare  wxa  leviud 
upon  the  capital  6ti)ck  of  the  Corporation,  payable  im- 
mediately 'n  United  States  gold  coin,  to  the  Secretary, 
at  the  ullice  of  the  Company,  Koom  10,  No.  416  Mont- 
gomery street,  Sau  Francisco,  California. 

Any  stock  upon  which  this  asso^Bment  shall  remain 
unpaid  on  the  10th  day  of  July,  189i),  will  be  delimiuttnt 
anil  advertised  fur  tale  at  public  auction;  and  uuleHB 
payment  is  made  before,  will  le  sold  on  SATURDAY, 
the  0th  day  of  August,  ISUO,  to  pay  the  dolinciuent 
assessment,  toi;ether  with  the  costs  of  advertising  and 
expenses  of  sale 

By  order  of  the  Board  of  Directors. 

W.  T.  BAOGETT,  Secretary. 

Ofhce,  Room  10,  No.  415  Montgomery  street,  San  Fian- 
risco,  California. 


DELINQUENT    SALE    NOTICE. 


p  BAY  EAGLE  MINING  COMPANY— Loca. 
\T  tion  of  principal  place  of  business,  San  Frnnciaco, 
California.  Location  of  works,  Placer  county,  California. 
Notice— Theie  are  dollnqnent  upon  the  followiny  de- 
scribed stock,  on  account  of  AssBSsment  (No.  17)  levied 
00  the  First  day  of  May,  1890,  the  seveial  amounts  set 
opposite  the  names  of  the  respective  shareholders,  as 
follows: 

No.        No. 
Names.  Oert.    Shnres.     Amt. 

Cogart,  0  tl.  Trustee 430        100      $    5  OO 

"        "         431        100  5  00 

"  "        "         -I-U  fiO  2  50 

*'  "         "  435  50  2  50 

■'  "         "  440  54  2  70 

"  "         "  447      5,000         250  00 

"         "  469  80  4  00 

"  "         "  472         500  25  00 

"  "         "  4S<         105  6  20 

Butfington,  J  M,  Trus  ee .6V7     2,5i}0        125  00 

"  *'  •'         52S     2  000        lO'J  00 

Carnea,  W  A *252        416  20  SO 

Durbrow,  H,  Trustee     506        200  in  00 

Francis.  HL,  Truatee 444     1,600  75  00 

Hunter,  W  C,  Trustee 608        100  5  00 

Na  h,  H  W 269        104  5  20 

Kosekrans,  H  M J<9        600  30  00 

Stout,  CS,  Trustee —.470     2,000        100  00 

Ssarles,  W  A,  Trustee ftlS     1,000  50  00 

Shankland,  Robt 144        6(i0  30  CO 

Stetson,  A  M,  Trustee 520     6,000        250  CO 

Taylor,  J  N,  Trustee 632     1,040  62  fO 

Wetzel,  Thco,  Trustee 281        100  5  00 

And  in  accordance  with  law,  and  an  order  of  the  Board 
of  Directors,  made  on  the  First  day  of  May,  ISDO,  so 
many  shares  of  each  parcel  of  such  stock  as  may  be  nec- 
eesary,  will  be  sold  at  public  auction,  at  the  office  of  the 
Company,  Room  11,  No.  :103  Callfo'nia  street,  Sao  Fran- 
cisr-o,  California,  on  MONDAY,  the  Thirtieth  (3oth)  day 
of  June.  1S90,  at  the  hour  of  one  o'clock  p.  m.,  of  said 
day,  to  pay  sold  Delinquent  Aasesam-.-nt  thereon,  to. 
gether  with" coats  of  adveriiaing  and  expenses  of  sale. 

A.  W.  BARROWS,  Secretary  pro  tern. 
Office,  Room  11,  No.   S03  CaUforuia  Street,  San  Fran- 
cisco, California. 


HORACE  D.  RANLETT, 

Ores,  Mining,  and  Commission, 

420  Montffomery  St.,  S.  F. 

Ship3  under  advances  to  pmeltlng  works  in  Boston, 
New  York,  Bsltimire  and  Liverpool. 

Twenty-one  years'  experience  in  Shipping  Ores  and 
Managing  Mines. 

Solicits  Consignments  of  Copper  Produce  and  Manage- 
ment of  Mln'ng  Matters. 

All  business  conducted  on  Cash  Basis. 

Purchase  andshipment  of  Mining  Supplies  a  Spkcialty, 

Sales  of  Developed  Copper  Mines  undertaken. 

Business  Manager  of  UNION  COPPEtt  MINE,  Copper- 
opolis,  Cal.;  NEWTON  COPPER  MINE,  Amador  Co.,  Cal. 


PRACTICAL 

Books  on  Mining 

AND  IRRIGATION. 

Descriptive  Catalogue  and  Circulars  of  Books  relating 
to  Assaying,  Mining,  Electricity  and  Mechanical  Engineer- 
ing, sent  free  on  application. 

E.  &  F.  N.  SPON,  Publishers, 

13  Cortlaadt  St.,  New  York. 


1)ATENTS! 
Scientific  Press  Patent  Agency 
■°BA°F¥s!rf  ikli:-  220  |naPketSt.,S.F. 


tdlicatiopal. 


If  you  want  a  first  cla*8  ilmrough  School,  and  a 
pleawiut,  refined,  safe  homo  for  your  boys,  send 
them  to 

HOPKINS  ACADEMY, 

Onkltnd,  CiillforBlB. 
NEXT    TERM    BWG1N8   AUOOST  6,  1890. 
Send  for  Cata'ogue  to 

W.  W.  AMDERSON,  Principal. 


THK 


FIONEER    COMMERCIAI,    8CHOOI. 

o 


LIFE  SCHOLARSHIPS.  (7S. 

No  VAOATIONB.  DAT  AND  EVININS  SHBSIOMB. 

Ladies  admitted  Into  alt  Departmenta. 
Address:    T.  A.  ROBINSON,  H.  A.,  President, 


School  of  Practical,  Civil,  Mechanical  and 
MINING  ENGINEERING, 

SiirveTiiig,  ArcMtectire,  DrawlM  aDd  Assaying 

723    MARKET   STREET, 

Tlie  Histor}'  Building,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

A.  VAN  DER  NAILLEN,  PreBiuont. 

Assaying;  of  Ores,  $26;  Bullion  and  Chlorinatlon  Assay, 

926;  Blowpipe  Assay,  $10.    Full  course  of  aseayUig,  160. 

I^Send  for  circular. 


OP 

ASSAYING    AND    CHEMISTRY, 

Rooms  46  4  47.  ^628  MontBomery  St. 

2d  Floor  Montgomery  Bl'k.  |         San  FranCiSCO, 
Also,  Evening  Classes,  7  to  10  o'clock. 

JOHN  T.  EVANS,  M.  A.,  Principal 


THE  ROLLER  ORE  FEEDER 


[Patented  May  28,  1882.] 


TuiH  Is  the  best  and  cheapest  Ore  Feeder  now  In  use. 

It  has  fewer  parts,  requires  less  power.  Is  simpler  in 
adjustment  than  any  other.  Feeds  coarse  ore  or  soft  clay 
alike  uniformly,  under  one  or  all  the  stamps  in  a  batteru 
as  required. 

In  the  Bunker  Hill  Mill  It  has  run  continuously  for  two 
years,  never  having  been  out  of  order  or  costing  a  dollar 
for  repairs. 

Golden  State  and  Miners'  Iron  Works, 

Sole  Manufacturers, 
327  First  Street,  San  Francisco.  Onl. 


-A-3srisrxj-A.ij    i^^EETiosrca-- 


THE  ANNUAL  MEETING  OF  THE  STOCKHOLDERS 
of  the  Carmelo  Land  and  Coal  Company,  tor  the 
electiun  of  a  Board  of  Dirrctors  to  serve  the  ensuing 
year,  and  for  au'^h  other  business  as  may  come  hefore 
the  meeting,  will  be  held  at  the  office  of  the  Company, 
Room  10,  No.  416  Mf^ntgomery  street,  oo  MONDAY,  the_ 
2l8t  day  of  July,  1890,  at  one  o'cloc'-  p  m. 

W.  T.  BAOGETT,  Secretary. 


IDIV"IIDElSrX>    JSTOTICE- 


The  German  Savings  and  Lean  Society, 

626  Oallfornla  Street. 


For  the  half-year  ending  June  30, 1S90,  a  dividend  has 
been  declared  at  tr.e  rate  of  five  and  forty -hundredths 
{5  40-100)  per  cent  per  annum  on  Term  Deposits,  and 
four  and  oneha'f  (44)  per  cent  per  annum  ou  Ordinary 
Depositfl,  Payable  on  and  after  Tuesday,  July  1,  tS90, 
GEO.  TOtmNY,  Secretory, 


436 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[June  28,  1890 


JOSHUA  HENDY  MACHINE  WORKS, 

Nos.  39  to  51   FREMONT  STREET,  SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 


"HENDT"  IMPROVED  "  OHALLENQE "  ORB  FEEDER. 

The  best  form  of  Feeder  ever  devised,  and  pronounced  by  reputable  mining  men  to  be  tai 
superior  to  any  form  of  "Roller"  Feeder  manufactured.     We  refer  to  the  follow- 
ing gentlemen  who  have  furnished  us  with  testimonial  letters  to  the 
above  effect,  which  can  be  seen  at  our  office,   viz.: 


S.  W.  Ckocker,  Supt.  Bunker  Hill  Gold  Min- 
ing Co.,  Amador  City,  Cal. 
W.  6.  RoBEKTS,  Greenwood,  El  Dorado  Co.,  Cal. 


B.  O.WiCKHAM,  Taylor  Mine,  Greenwood,  Cal. 
J.  E.  Tregloan,  Supt.  South  Spring  Hill  Gold 
Mining  Co.,  Amador  City,  Cal. 


WE   ARE   MANTIFACTtlREES   OF  THE 


"CHALLENGE,"    STANFORD,"  "TULLOCK,"  &  "ROLLER"  FEEDERS, 

And  will  furnish  descriptive  Catalo^es  and  quote  prices  upon  application. 


Vulcan  Iron  "Woi^^s, 

135-145  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco,  Oal. 

Mining  Machinery.  Steam  Engines. 


STAMP  BATTERIES, 

PANS  AND  SETTLERS, 

ROCK  BREAKERS,  ETC.,  ETC. 


SAW-MILL 

cable-road     i  machinery. 
refrigeratingJ 


I 


Special  Machinery  to  Order. 

AERIAL    WIRE    ROPEWAYS. 


(Vu.'can  Patfnt  System) 

SINGLE,   ENDLESS    TRAVELING   ROPE. 

Elevated  on  Wonden  Posts,  from  ]50  to  2000  feet  apart, 
conveyioe  Buckets  of  Ore,  Coal,  Wood,  etc. 

No  Possibility  of  Load  Slipping:. 

Cheapest  Form  of  Transportation. 

No  road   needed;    can  be  run  vertically.    No  power 
needed  if  aogle  of  deacent  be  more  than  8  uegrees. 

CAN   SPAN   GULCHES   2000   FEET    WIDE. 


IMPROVED  FORM  OF  HYDRAULIC  GIANTS. 


THE  ABOVE  COT  ILLUSTRATES  THE  IMPKOVED  FOBBI  OF  DOUBLE-JOINTED  HV 
IJKAULTC  GIANTS  wliich  wo  manufacture.  We  guarantee  purcllasers  of  tlliB  furni  of  Giants  airainst  all 
mats,  expenses  or  ilamaefs  which  may  arise  from  any  arlverae  suits  or  actions  at  law.  We  are  hirlher  nreoared  to 
furnish  Single-Jointed  Gifintg  when  required.  Prices,  discounts  and  Catalogues  of  our  specialties  of  hv 
draullc  Wlnlug:  Machinery  sent  on  application.  ^" 

JOSHUA  HENDY  MACHINE  WORKS,  39  io  51  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco. 


PERFECTED 

DOUBLE 


Attached  to  each  Mill 
is  an  effective 

Automatic  Ore 
Feeder. 


Eatlhoad  Flat,  Oal..  May  15th,  1RS9. 

MESS'^S.  TATUM  <&  BOWEN,  San  Francisco— Gentlemen:  3  have  had  many  Inquiries  in  regard  lo  Ihe 
performance  ot  your  oscillating  Stamp  Quart/.  Mill,  to  all  of  which  I  have  made  substantially  the  following 
answer:   • 

That  it  will  crush  and  f^ischarge  through  a  No.  30  mesh  wire  screen,  fi  tons  of  average  quartz  p'-r  24 
houis-  that,  compared  with  Ihe  common  .stamps,  the  power  required  to  do  the  same  amount  of  work  i.s 
considerably  less— the  slipping  motion  of  ihe  stamps  reducing  ilie  ore  much  faster  than  ihc  drop  alone  can; 
that  the  discharge  Is  good,  and  as  to  amalgamating  and  saving  gold,  my  experience  with  it  Is  that  it  is  just 
abour,  ihe  same  as  the  ordinary  battery. 

To  the  above  I  shall  add  that  the  new  Automatic  Feed  attached  is  a  perfect  success.  It  can,  in  a 
moment  and  without  stopping,  be  adjusted  to  feed  jnst  as  -'high'"  or  "low"  as  desired,  and  can  be 
depended  upon  to  supply  the  .stamps  with  ore  exactly  as  they  ueed  it.  This  is  imponaut,  as  it  saves  feeding 
by  hand,  which  cannot  be  considered  at  the  present  day.  or  the  purchase  of  a  hieh-priced  feeder. 

Considered  as  a  conveuieut  JUill  fnr  prospecting,  or  for  a  f-inall  mine,  it  fills  the  bill. 

Tours  truly,  [Signedj  JA.s    S.  REYNOLDS, 

Supl.  New  York  Mine,  Railroid  Flat. 

The  Mills  as  we  make  them  cow  are  Far  Superior  to  the  one  at  the  New  York:  Mine. 

TATUM  &  BOWEN, 

34  and  36  FREMONT  ST.,  SAN    FRANOISOO,    OAL., 

AND    PORTLAND,   OREGON, 

MANUFACTURERS   OF   MINING  AND  SAW  MILL  MACHINERY. 


FRISBEE-LUCOP  MILL  CO., 


-MANUFACTURERS    OF- 


Centrifugal  Roller  Steel  Mills, 

FOR  PULVERIZING  ORES,  WET  OR  DRY, 

For  Amalgamation  or  Concentration,  and  for  Manufacture  of  Cement,  Fertilizers,  Paint, 
and  all  other  Durposes  for  which  grinding  or  pulverizing  is  required, 


Send  for  Catalo^ie  and  Price  List  to 


PRISBEB  -  LUCOP    MILL    CO., 

145    BROADWAY,    NEW    YORK. 


Rock  Drilling  and  Air  Compressing 
Macliinery 

For  TUNNELS,  QUARRIES,  MINES,  RAILROADS 

And  Wherever   Ore   and   Rock   are   to  •  he  Drilled  and  Blasted, 

O"  SEND     FOK     NEW     CATALOOUE    OF     1889.  -ES 


RAND    DRILL  CO., 

23  Park  Place.  New  York,  U.  S.  A. 


ADAMANTINE  SHOES  &  DIES 

FOR    STAMP    MILLS. 

These  SHOKS  and  HTV.^  are  in  extensive  use  in  all  the  mining  States  and 
Territories  of  North  and  South  America.  Guarauleed  to  rrovc  better  and  cheaper 
thai'  any  othtrs.  Orders  solicited,  subject  to  above 
conditions. 

— MANIiFACTlJBED    BY— 

CHROME  STEEL  WORKS,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 
H.  D.  MORRIS,  Ag-ent, 

S20  Fremont  Street,  Snn  Francisco,  Cal 


Special  attention  given  to  the  purchase  of  Mine  and  MlU  Supplies. 


JoNE  28,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


437 


AMAICAMATINC  MACHINERY. 

stamp  Mills  for  Wet  or  Or<i  Crushing. 
Huntington  Centrifugal  Quartz  Mill.  Drying 
Cylinders.  Amalgamating  Pans,  Settlers, 
Agitators  and  Concentrators.  Retorts,  Bul- 
lion and  Ingot  Moulds.  Convenors.  Elevators, 
Bruckners  and  Howell's  Improved  White's 
Roasting  Turnacos.  Etc. 


FRASER  &  CHALMERS, 

MINING  MACHINERY 


CONCENTRATINC  MACHINERY. 


IMPROVED  CORLISS  va^^v^eIV^Im   ENGINES.       -X* 


Blake.  Dodgeand  Comet  Crushers,  Cornish 
Crushing  and  Finishing  Rolls.  Hartz  Plunger 
and  Collom  Jigs.  Frue  Vannur  &  Embrey 
Concentrators.  Evans'.  Calumet,  Collom's 
and  Rittenger's  Slime  Tables.  Trommels, 
Wire  Cloth  and  Punched  Plates.  OreSam- 
^^■■■i^H^Hhk    P's    Grinders  and  Heberle  Mills. 

D/\ll    IT  DO    HORIZONTAL.    VERTICAL 
tSi/IUtKO    .  .  .  AND   SECTIONAI . 


xivciPRovEO    <s*x*£:>a.]M[   s^^a^nKi^s 


Hoisting  Engines, 
Safety  Cages, 

Safety  Hoolis, 

Ore  CARS,  Water&Ore 
BUCKETS, 

Air  Compressors, 

Rock  Drills,  Etc. 

GENERAL  MILL  AND 
MINING  SUPPLIES,  ETC. 
Sectional  Machinery 

FOR 

VIULE-BACK 

TRANSPORTATION. 


Pumping  Engines 

and  Cornish 

Pumping  Machinery, 

IMPROVED 
WATER    JACKET 

Blast  Furnaces  for 
Caiena&  Copper  Ores, 

SLAG  CARS  AND  POTS, 

Roots  &  Baker 
Pressure  Blowers, 

SUSPENDED 

TRAMWAYS. 


General  Offices  and  Works:     FULTON  AND  UNION  STS.,  CHICAGO,   iLL.' 


DP&UnU    nCCIPEC'    "^^  YORK,  Room  43,  No.  2  Wall  St.        DENVER,  COLO.,  1316  Eighteenth  St.       SALT  LAKE   CITY,  UTAH, 
PnHIHin    urriOCO.        ^  yy_  second  south  St.      London,  ENC,  as  Buoklersbury,  E.  C.      CHIHUAHUA  CITY,   MEXICO,  No.  I  I 
Oalle  de  Juarez.        LIMA,  PERU,  South  America.        JOHANNESBURG.  TRANSVAAL,  South  Africa. 

HK1.GNA,  MONTANA,  Koom  28,  Merchants'  National  Bank  BoililltiK,  Nn.  Nortli  Main  St. 
SOLUS    WESTERN    AGENTS    FOB    TYLBE    WIBB    WORKS    DODBLB    ORIIMPBD    MINING    OLOTHS. 


JAMBS    LEFFBL'S 

Mining  Turbine  Water  Wheel. 

Theee  Wheels  are  dealpned  for  all  purpoeea  where  limited  quantities  of  water  and 
high  heads  are  utilized,  and  are  gTiaranteed  to  give  more  power  with  less  water  than 
any  other  wheel  made.  BeiDS  placed  on  horizontal  shaft,  the  power  Is  transmitted 
direct  to  ahaftinp  by  belts,  dispensing  with  gearing. 

Kstimates  furnished  on  application  for  wheels  specially  built  and  adapted  in 
capacity  to  suit  any  particular  case. 

Further  information  can  be  obtained  of  this  form  of  construction,  as  well  as  the 
ordinary  Vertical  Turbines  for  Wooden  Penstocks  and  la  Iron  Qlobe  Cases,  free  of  cost, 
by  applying  to  the  manufacturers. 


JAMES    LEFFEL    &    OO., 


Springfield,  Ohio, 


or  110  liberty  St.,  Hew  York. 


FRASER    a>    CHALMERS,  General  Asenta, 
Clilcaeo,  III.,  and  Denver,  CoL 
PABKE    Si   LACY,  General  Agents,  San  Francisco, 


BALDWIW  LOCOMOTIVE  "WORKS. 


ANNUAL  CAPACITY  800.        ESTABLISHED  1831. 


LOCOMOTIVE   ENGINES! 

A(1aT>le«l  to  everj-  variety  nf  service,  nnd  built  accurately  in  stamiard  gauges  and  templatcR.    Like  parts 
nf  dill'urent  engines  of  same  class  perfectly  interchaiigeaule. 

Broad  and  Narrow  Gauge  I.ocomoiive-',  Mine  Lncomotives  by  Steam  or  Coinpressed  Air,  Plantation 
LocomotiveH,  Noiseless  Jlolors  for  Street  Railways,  Furnace  Locomotives,  etc. 

BURNHAM,    PARRY.   WILLIAMS    &    CO.,    PROPRIETORS.    PHILADELPHIA,    PA. 


Paul's  Dry  Amalgamating  Barrel  Process.  | 

The  undersigned  is  prepared  to  erect,  or  furnish  drafts 
for  trecting,  niaohlnory,  alBo  instructions  for  working 
orts  by  the  new  patented  DRY  AMALGAMATING 
BAKRKL  PROC'Sd,  I  assert  the  ability  to  overcome 
EVERY  dilliculty  connected  with  amalgamating  the 
precious  mcta's,  more  especiallv  gifl'i,  and  to  add  frnni 
25  to  100  per  cent  to  the  FREE  GOLD  yield  of  any  mill 
working  WET.  Being  the  original  i.iventor  of  dry  amal- 
gamation, I  have  spent  over  20  years  perfecting  the  svb 
tern,  now  brought  to  a  wonderfully  efticienf,  iucxponBive 
and  practical  one.  I  ciution  all  parties  against  iufringe- 
ments.     For  further  particulars,  address 

ALMARIN  B.  PAUL, 
Middle  Creek  P.  O.,  Shnsfci  County,  California. 


ESTABLISHED    1866. 


THE  RUSSELL  PROCESS. 

For  i  formation  corccrnlne  this  procops  for  the  re- 
duction of  ures  containing  precious  metals,  and  terms 
of  license,  apply  to 

THE     RUSSELL    PROCESS    CO., 
New  Haven,  Conn. 

WM.  H.  CONLY, 

Agent  and    Company   Promoter, 

Land  and  Mining  Properties  a  Specialty. 
124  SAN30MB  STREET,  Rooms  21  and  22 

Telephone  No.  5057.  SAN  FRANCISCO. 


n.«i.«,:»,«i-M.«n  are  requested  to  be  sure  and  notify  ub 
rA^lTITlHRlftrR  when  thlB  paner  is  not  taken  from 
1  llUliUUtJlUiU  their  office.  If  not  stopped  promptly 
through  oTenridht  or  other   mlflhaBl.   do  ub  the     avoi-   to 


CnO  CUrDAVIMnQ  °'  'U  ^<9dB,  apply  to 
rUK  tnUnAIinUO  Dewey  Engitvlni!  Com- 
ptiiy,  No.  320  llukel  street,  San  Fiudsco. 


Pacific  Chemical  Works. 

HENRY    G.    HANKS, 

Practical  and  Indnstrial  Gheinist,  Assayer 
and  Geologist, 

718  MONTGOMERY  ST.,        -        SAN  FRANCISCO. 

ly  Will  report  on  the  condition  and  value  of  any  mining  property  on 
the  Pacific  Coast.  Rare  Chemicals  made  to  order.  Instructions  given  in 
AHHavInc;  and  Practical  Chemlstrv 


THOMAS  PRICE  &  SON, 

Assay  Oflace,  Chemical  Laboratory, 

BULLION  ROOMS  and  ORE  FLOORS, 

524  Sacramento  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

COIN  RETURNS  ON  ALL  BULLION  DEPOSITS  IN  24  HOURS. 

WORKING    TESTS    OF    ORES    BY    ALL    PROCESSES. 

SPECIAL  ATTENTION  PAID  TO  CONCENTRATION  OF  ORES. 

Ores  Received  on  Oonsignment,  Sampled,  Assayed,  and  Disposed 
of  in  the  Open  Market  to  the  Highest  Bidder. 


fAetalliirgy  apd  Ore?. 


SELBY 

SMELTING  and  LEAD  CO.. 

416  Montgomery  St.,  San  Francisco, 

GOLD    AND    SILVER    REFINERY 
And  Assay  Office. 

Higbeit  Prices  Paid  for  Qold,  Silver  and 
Lead  Ores  and  Solphurets. 

HAMOFAOniKBRa  OP 

BLUESTONE, 

LEAD  PIPE, 

SHEET  LEAD, 

SHOT,  Etc.,  Etc- 

ALSO   UANDPACTDRItfUi     Of 

Standard    Shot-Gun    Cartridges, 

Under  Chamberliu  Patent. 


JOHN  TAYLOR  &  CO.. 

lUPORTKRB  AND  DHALKIUl   ID 

ASSAYERS'    MATERIALS,     MINE 
AND  MILL  SUPPLIES, 

ALSO  CHEMICALS.    AND    PHYSICAL.  SCHOOL    AND 

CHEMICAL  APPARATUS. 
6R  &  6S  First  St.,  cor.  lUUHioD.Saii  Francisco. 
Ay-:^      We  would  call  the  attention  of 


Assayers,  Chemists,  Mininj?  Com-  CCj^^C^?ir<-/ 
panies,  Milling  Companies,  Pros-  ^^MTEBSE^ 
pectors,  etc,  to  our  full  stock  of      x:------:J^ 

Balances,  Furnaces,  Muffles,  Crucibles,  Scori> 
fiers,  etc,  including,  also,  a  lull  stock  ol 
Chemicals. 

Having  been  engaged  in  furnishing  these  sui> 
plies  slnoi  the  first  discovery  of  mines  on  the 
Pacific  Coast,  we  feel  confident  from  our  experi- 
ence we  can  well  suit  the  demand  for  these 
goods,  both  as  to  quality  and  price. 

Agents  for  the  Morgan  Craclble  Co., 
Biittereea,  England.  Also  for  JK.  G.  Dennitt- 
ton'B  Silver  Plated  Amalgam  Plates.  The  plates 
of  this  well-known  manufacturer  are  thoroughly  relia- 
ble, and  full  weight  of  Silver  guaranteed.  Ordeis  taken 
at  his  lowest  prices.  Our  Illustrated  Catalogue  and  Ae 
say  Tables  sent  free  on  application. 

JOHN  TATLOR  A  OO. 


Nevada  Metallurgical  Works. 

NO.  23  STEVENSON  STREET. 

Near  First  and  Market  Streets,  3.  F. 

C.  A.  Ldoehardt,  Manager.  EsTABUaHBD  1809, 

Ores  worked  by  any  Prooeaa, 
Ores  Sampled, 

Assaying  in  all  its  Branches, 
Analyses  of  Ores,  Minerals,  Waters,  eto. 
Working  Tests  (practical)  Made. 
Flans  and   SpecLBcations   furnished   for  the 
most  suitable  Process  for  Working  Ores. 

Special  attention  paid   to  Examinations  of 
Mines;  Plans  and  Reports  furnished. 

O.  A.  LUCKHARDT  &  OO.. 
(Formerly  Huhn  dc  Luokhardt, 
Mlolzur  Eneineera  and  Metallunrlsts 


GREAT     REDUCTION! 

BATTERY    SCREENS. 

Best  and  Cheapest  In  America. 

No  imitation,  no  deception,  no  planished  or  rotten 
Iron  used.  Only  genuine  Russia  iron  In  Quartz  Screens. 
Planished  iron  screens  at  nearly  half  my  former  rates. 

t  ha\e  a  large  supply  of  Battery  Screens  on  hand 
suitable  for  the  Huntirifirton  and  all  Stamp  Milla,  which  1 
will  Belt  at  20  per  cont  diaconnt. 


PERFORATED  SHEET  METAL 

For  Flour  and  Rice  Mills,  Grain  Separators,  Revolving 
and  Shot  Screens,  Stamp  Batteries  and  all  kinds  of  Min 
Ing  and  Milling  Machinery.  Iron,  Steel,  Copper,  Brass. 
Zioc  and  other  metaU  punched  for  all  uses. 

Inventor  and  Manufacturer  of  the  celebrated  Slot  Cut 
or  burred  and  Slot  Punched  Screens. 

Mining  Screens  a  specialty,  from  No.  1  to  16  (line). 
Orders  promptly  attended  to. 

San  Francisco  Pioneer  Screen  Works, 

331  &  2S3  First  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cat. 

JOHN  W.  QUICK,  Proprietor. 


WINCHESTER  HOUSE. 


44  Third  Street, 


San  Francisco,  Cal, 


This  Fire  proof  Brick  Building  ia  centrnlly  located,  in 
the  healthiest  jart  of  the  city,  only  a  half  block  from  the 
Oraod  and  Palace  Hotels,  and  close  to  all  Steamboat  and 
Kailroad  Oflices. 

Laundry  Free  for  the  use  of  Families. 


HOT  AND  COLD  ItATHS  FREE. 


Terms,  Board  and  Room,  $1.00  per  Day 

And  Upward. 

Eooms  with  or  without  Board, 

Free  Coach  to  the  Honte 


440 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[June  28,  1890 


n^Af^KET   ^EPOFJTS. 


Local  Markets. 

San  Francisco.  June  26,  1890. 
General  trade  the  past  week  has  been  quiet,   but 
■  this  usually  obtains  during  the  summer  holidays. 
The  local  money  market  is  reported  fairly  easy  for 
this  time  of  the  year.     The   demand    for   funds    for 
specu'ative  purposes  is   light.      During   next    month 
considerable    money  will  be   disbursed,    and   if  the 
silver  question  is  settled  and  the  tariff  tinkering  now 
going  on  is  through  with,  an  easier  market  can   be 
exD'-cted. 

QUICKSILVER— The  market  has  ruled  barely 
steady.  The  supply  is  fully  up  to,  if  not  in  excess" 
of,  the  dem»nd.  Large  quantities  of  empty  flasks 
are  being  received,  which  indicates  liberal  supplies 
of  quicksilver.  Receipts  the  past  week  aggregate 
316  flisks. 

SILVER — The  Mint  has  not  been  in  the  market 
this  week,  which  was  taken  advantage  of  by  specu- 
lators who  bought  as  low  as  $i.o3^'g — not  paying, 
so  it  is  said,  over  $1.04.  Lirge  mining  companies 
that  are  not  pressed  for  money  are  not  selling,  but 
are  holding  until  the  Mint  again  enters  the  market, 
which  will  be  on  Ju'y  7.  The  Mint  at  the  East  be- 
ing out  of  the  market  had  an  unfavorable  effect  on 
the  New  York  prices,  as  has  the  protracted  action 
of  the  House  of  Representatives  on  the  Silver  bill  as 
amended  by  the  Senate.  The  House,  by  vote,  did 
not  concur  in  the  Senate's  free-coinage  views,  but 
asked  for  a  conference.  What  kind  of  a  bill  will 
be  agreed  upon  is  altogether  problem=itic,  but  unless 
it  will,  give  free  coinage,  or  else  free  coinage  when 
the  price  of  silver  advances  to  par,  then  free  coinage 
will  probably  come  to  the  front  as  an  issue  in  the 
Congressional  elections  to  be  held  this  fall.  Our 
fore'gn  exchanges  report  that  this  country's  action 
on  the  silver  question  is  being  closely  watched,  and 
if  a  favorable  silver  bill  is  pissed  its  effect  will  be 
soon  perceived  in  a  general  revival  in  all  industries 
in  the  United  States,  which  will  have  a  beneficial  ef- 
fect abroad. 

The  local  market  for  silver  is  quoted  at  the  close 
at  $1.04,  in  London  at  47  %d,  and  in  New  York  at 
$r.04i^@i.os. 

ANTIMONY— The  market  is  very  firm.  The 
local  works  are  operating  to  full  capicity  to  meet 
the  demand.  By  those  in  position  to  know,  it  is 
affirmed  that  the  ore  can  be  shipped  to  Europe  and 
net  more  money  than  if  sold  to  the  works  in  this 
city. 

LEAD— The  market  is  quite  stiff.  Our  Eastern 
advices  report  that  holders  are  very  firm  in  their 
views  and  will  not  offer  concessions,  while  con- 
sumers and  speculators  do  not  buy  much  at  asking 
prices. 

TIN— The  market  is  reported  strong  at  full 
prices.  The  consumption  is  free.  European  ad- 
vices appear  favorable  to  the  holding  interest.  Im- 
ports the  past  week  aggregate  267  boxes  plate  from 
England. 

MEXICAN  DOLLARS-The  market  has  ruled 
quiet.  The  lower  and  depressed  market  for  silver 
has  had  an  unfavorable  effect,  causing  buyers  to  be 
offish. 

The  market  for  Mexican  dollars  is  steady  at  82® 
82  Kc. 

BORAX— The  market  is  birely  steady.  Conces- 
sions are  reported.  At  the  Eist  the  consumption 
is  reported  as  being  quite  free. 

LIME— Receipts  the  past  week  aggregate  4875 
bbh.,  and  exports  200  bbls.  to  Honolulu.  The 
consumption  on  this  coast  is  reported  to  be  steadily 
gaining,  notwithstanding  cai'p  inters' strikes  in  some 
pUce^  setback  the  building  interest  to  some  extent. 
IRON —The  market  is  well  stocked,  with  small 
consignments  continuing  to  come  to  hand.  The 
past  week,  150  tons  were  received  from  New  York, 
320  tons  from  Hull  and  200  tons  from  Irondale.  It 
is  claimf^d  that  the  consumption  is  steadily  increas- 
ing. English  advices  report  an  improving  market, 
with  warrants  again  coming  to  the  front.  At  the 
East  there  is  a  gradual  stiffening  in  rates.  The 
price  had  fallen  below  the  cost  of  production,  and  a 
recovery  was  naturally  in  order. 

COPPER — The  market  is  very  strong,  in  sym- 
pathy with  the  East  and  Europe.  The  production 
on  this  coast  does  not  show  any  material  increase  as 
yet.  The  Iron  Age  reports  that  the  Lake  mining 
companies  are  represented  as  being  sold  up  on  their 
product  to  September,  and  it  is  current  report  that 
other  producers  are  not  in  a  position  to  offer  very 
extensive  quantities  for  near  future  deliveries.  Lake 
for  future  delivery,  as  a  matter  of  fact,  is  held  at  17 
cents.  All  indications  are  that  production  has  been 
overtaken  by  consumption,  despite  the  enormous 
proportions  of  the  former,  and  the  most  careful  ob- 
servers incline  to  the  opinion  that  175^  cents  for 
Lake  Superior  copper  and  corresponding  prices  for 
other  descriptions  in  the  near  future  is  not  an  idle 
dream. 

A  London  cable  of  June  i8th  says;  French  hold- 
ers have  made  extensive  sales  of  matte  copper  the 
past  week  at  full  prices,  and  it  is  reported  that  their 
stock  of  the  material  has  been  cleared  off.  The 
turnover  of  merchant  copper  has  been  enormous, 
amounting  to  at  least  5000  tons,  with  an  advance 
established  of  over  £\  ros.  on  prices,  and  lively  out- 
side speculative  interest  developed.  Latest  transac- 
tions show  a  slight  reaction  from  the  highest  point. 
COAL -Imports  the  p  1st  week  aggregate  as  fol- 
lows: Swansea,  2207  tons;  Tacoma,  1800;  Na- 
naimo,  2600;  Seattle,  7867;  Coos  Bay,  1150;  Comox, 
430D;  total,  19.924  tons.  The  market  is  very  strong 
for  ail  grades  of  foreign  for  loading  and  on  passage. 
Coast  coal  is  in  Hberil  stock.  The  consumption  of 
steam  coal  is  liberil,  while  that  of  gas  and  house- 
hold coal  is,  as  usual  at  this  season  of  the  year, 
light.  It  is  generally  claimed  that  outward  wheat 
charters  from  this  port  will  rule  at  good  rates 
throughout  the  season,  which  if  true  will  attract, 
later  on,  a  large  fleet  of  coal  ships  to  this  coast. 


Eastern  Metal  Markets. 


By  Telegraph. 

New  York,  June  26. — The  following  are  the  oLsing" 
prices  the  past  week: 

Silver  in    Silver  in 


London. 

New  York 

Copper. 

Lead. 

Tin. 

Thursday..  .48i 

1  P4i 

SIO  3j 

S4  47i 

$21  SO 

Friday 47^ 

1  06 

16  60 

4  52S 

21  66 

Saturday.. ..47i 

1  04 

16  60 

4  to 

21  66 

Monday 47J 

1  04 

16  60 

4  60 

21  60 

Tuesday 47J 

1  04 

16  60 

4  60 

21  60 

Wednesday..  47| 

1  04 

10  60 

4  474 

51  76 

Don't  Fail  to  Write. 

Should  this  paper  be  received  by  any  eubscriber  who 
lines  uot  Wdnt  it,  or  beyona  the  time  he  intend^t  to  pav 
/•>i- it,  iet  liim  uot  fail  to  write  us  dirtLt  to  stop  it.  A 
postal  card  (costiug  one  cent  only)  \vi,l  s  liice.  We  will 
lob  bnowiiigly  send  tlie  paper  to  aoy  oue  who  does  not 
ivisli  it,  but  if  it  is  continued,  through  the  failure  of  the 
butafcriber  to  notify  U4  to  discontinue  It,  or  some  irre- 
apoURible  party  requested  to  stop  it,  we  shall  positivelv 
demand  payment  for  the  time  it  is  sent.  LOOE  CAREFULLY 
AT  IHB  LABEL  ON  VOUR  PAPER, 


New  York,  June  23.  —  California  Borax  steady  at 
8'f(2!)c,  refined  and  powdered.  Quicksilver  Btr«'D^,  74@ 
T5c.  London  stiffening^.  Lake  Copper,  @17.00  asked; 
prompt  future  salis  for  the  latter  tumored.  There  wag 
siuill  outside  Bale,  16^(^16.^0.  Arizona  advanc  d  to  15^c; 
catiti  g,  14^0.  Pip;  Lead  active;  firm.  Five  cars  aold  at 
S4  50;  about  3000  tons  near  future,  S^  45  to  $4  62^.  The 
latter  in  held  at  close  $4.55. 


MINING    SHAREHOLDERS'     DIRECTORY. 

Compiled  hvbrt  Tuubhdat  from  Advhrtisbmbkt&  in  tub  Miming  and  Soibntifio  Prbss  and  otbbr  S.  F.  Jourhais 

ASSESSMENTS. 
Company.  ■         Location.  No.  Am't.  Lbvibd.    DELDJQ't. 


San  Francisco  Metal  Market. 

WHOLESALE. 

Thursday,  June  2t>,  IS 

ANTIMONY 21@ 

Bora:^— Refined,  in  carload  lots S  @ 

Powdered             "         "       "     8@ 

Concentrated       "         "       "    71@ 

All  grades  jobbing  at  an  advance. 
Copper— 

Bolt 23  @ 

Sheathing 23  & 

Ingot,  jobbing 20  @ 

do,  wholesale 17  C* 

"'     "      '■■  23  m 

4m 

Drop,  $  bag.  1  es  ( 


21i 


Fire  Boi  Sheets 
Lead— Pig 

Bar 

Sheet 

Pipe 

Shot,  discount  10%  on  500  bags     ,,  , 

Buck,  ^  bag 1  76  @     — 

Chilled,  do 1  95  @     — 

CoKE-Eng.,  ton,  spot,  in  blk 13  50  f5l4  50 

Do,  do,  to  load 12  00  @1S  50 

QuiOKSiLVER— By  the  flask. 58  00  Ca69  00 

Flasks,  new @      — 

Flasks,  old    # 35® 

TiNPLATK— B.  v.,  steel  grade.  14x20,  to  arrive.      —  &     — 

B.  v.,  steel  grade,  14s20,  spot 4  75  @      — 

Charcoal.  14x20 6  75  W  7  00 

do  roofing.  14x20 6  00@      — 

do.  do,  20x28 12  00  @     — 

Pig  tin,  spot,  ^  lb 21  @      21j 

Chrome  Iron  Ore,  $*  ton 10  ,,0C<* 

Iron— Bar,  base 3@       3i 

Norway,  base 4!|(*       5i 

Steel— Bngllah,  lb 16  " 

Canton  tool 9 

Black  Diamond  tool 9 

Pick  and  Hammer 8 

Machinery 

Toe  Calk 

Spot. 
lEON— Glengarnock  ton 34  00  @ 

Eglinton,ton 34  00  0) 

American  Soft,  No.  1,  ton.. @32  00 

Oregon  Pig,  ton @33  00 

Puget  Sound 34  00  @ 

Clay  Lane  White (o28  00 

ShottB,  No.  1 34  00  @35  00 

Bar  Iroo  (base  price)  ^  tt). . .      —  @      — 

Langloan  34  00  @ 

Thovncliffe 34  00  @ 

Gartsberrie 34  00  @ 

Barrow 34  00  @ 

Thomas 33  00  @ 

Cargolieet 30  00  @ 


9 

8  ^  10 
4  @  5 
4i@  - 
To  Load. 
33  @  - 
30  C<%  — 
33  @  - 

-  (05  - 

-  @  - 
2t)  (rt)  — 
32i(!«  - 


32i@- 
33  i®  - 
321@  - 


,30  @  ■ 


Coal. 


TO   LOAD. 

Per  Ton.  I  Per  Ton. 

Australian  ...     7  50  @  7  75(Lehigh  Lump..  16  50@17  00 

Liverpool  St'm    8  00  @  S  25  Cumberland  bk  13  60@ 

Scotch  Splint.     S  25  (gS  37A  Efeg,  hard 15  """ 

Cardiff S  60  @ j 

SPOT  FROM  YARD. 

WelUngton 3  9  00 

Greta     8  50  @  9  00 

WeBtminaterBrymbo.     9  00 

Naoaimo 9  00 

Sydney S  50  (a  9  00 

Gilman 6  50 


Seattle 6  50 

Coos  Bay 6  00 

Cannel 12  00 

Egg,  hard 16  00 

Cumberland,  In  sacks  15  00 
do.  bulk U  00 


CANADIAN    ANTHRACITE   COAL. 

Egg,  ship  side §12  SCiStove,  yard $15  00 

Egg,  yard 15  CO)  Nut,  yard 15  CO 


Mining  Sliare  Market. 

The  market  the  past  week  has  been  erratic  in  its 
movements,  confounding  many  of  the  best  informed. 
Potosi  has  been  the  leader,  and  a  merry  old  leader 
it  has  proven— closing  on  Saturday  at  $7  a  share 
and  jumping  in  the  first  Board  on  Monday  to 
$io.i2>^  a  share;  then  up  and  down,  with  the  tend- 
ency downward,  up  to  this  (Thursday)  morning. 
At  this  writing  it  looks  as  if  a  steadier  tone  had  set 
in,  although  before  makinf^  much  of  an  advance 
prices  may  shade  off  still  more,  owing  to  "down 
points''  being  freely  circulated.  The  rest  of  the 
market  moved  in  sympathy  with  the  leader. 

When  the  market  was  low,  this  paper  was  bull- 
ish, for  sales  were  being  made  which  caused  the 
mines  to  aggregate  in  value  about  as  follows:  Po- 
tosi $200,000,  Bullion  $50,000,  Sierra  Nevada,  $180,- 
000,  Crown  Point  $200,000,  and  the  others  in  like 
proportion;  but  lately  we  have  advised  caution,  for 
on  present  showing  Potosi  is  not  worth  $1,000,000, 
Bullion  $450,000,  and  other  mines  in  like  prooor- 
tion.  As  a  gamble,  what  the  stocks  can  be  "ad- 
vanced to  we  do  not  claim  to  know;  but  for  an  in- 
vestment they  are  rather  high,  particularly  with  the 
mines  controlled  as  they  now  are — assessments  for 
the  public  and  boodle  for  the  ring.  The  ring  evi- 
dently sees  its  error  now,  for  it  has  stock  to  sell,  and 
the  moneyed  public  let  it  severely  alone,  and  doubt- 
less will  continue  to  do  so  unless  there  is  a  change  in 
the  management  of  the  mines,  and  the  mill  ring  be 
retired  so  that  outside  stockholders  can  have  an 
even  show  in  getting  some  returns  on  their  invested 
money. 

The  annual  elections  in  Overman  and  in  Savage 
are  near  at  hand,  and  the  managers  of  the  two 
mines  evidently  aim  to  keep  control.  The  first 
move  is  better  reports  from  the  mines;  perhaps  they 
may  even  put  the  battery  assays  to  higher  figures  so 
as  to  win  confidence  and  another  year  of  spoils. 

The  news  from  the  Comstock  mines  is  being  kept 
back  as  much  as  possible.  Our  Virginia  City  ad- 
vices report  that  in  Sierra  Nevada  and  also  in  Utah 
they  are  running  for  the  west  side  lode.  In  Mexi- 
can, the  last  west  crosscut  started  on  the  1465-foot 
level  is  expected  to  tap  the  downward  continuation 
of  the  ore  found  above.  In  Potosi,  they  have  not 
started,  so  far  as  known,  the  south  drift  on  the  1030 
level,  but  are  still  sinking  the  winze.  This  action  of 
the   managers  is  a  mystery  to  experienced  miners, 


Best  &  Belcher  M  Co Nevada.. 

Bodie  Tunnel  Co California.  .1 6. . 

Bodie  Cona  M  Co Calitornia..l2. , 

Cballeuge  Cnns  M  Co Meiada..  6,. 

Confidence  S  M  Co Nevada.. 16.. 

Cone  New  York  M  Co Nevada..  3.. 

Coo"  Pacific  M  Co.. California,  ,12.. 

Crocker  M  Co Arizona..  9.. 

Found  Treasure  M  Co Nevada..  6.. 

Gray  Ksgle  M  Co Calif oriiia . .  17 . . 

Holmes  .\I  Co Nevada.. 16.. 

Mexican  M  Co Nevada.. 40.. 

Mayfiower  Gravel  M  Co California.. 47.. 

Occ'dental  CouM  Co Nevada..  6.. 

Seg  Belclierit  MidesConsMCo.Nevada..  6.. 

irierra  Nevada  M  Co Nevada.. 97.. 

Silver  King  M  Co Arizona.  3.. 

Standard  Cons  M  Co California..  3.. 

True  Cons  M  Co California..  9.. 


Sale.     Secretart.  Placs  of  Bubinbsb. 

.Mey  17....Junl7 July  8..L  Ojbom 309  Montgomery  St 

25.. May  21... .June  25.. ..July  16.. C  C  Harvey 3('3  CaliEoi-nia  St 

25. .June  16...  July  22. ...Aug  22.. B.  L.  Burling 309  Montgomery  St 

50.. May  14 Jun  17...  July  8..CL  McCoy 329  Pine  St 

75.. May  10....  Jun  13....  July  2..  AS  Groth 414  California  St 

15. .May  22. ...June  2B. ...July  17. .C  E  Elliott 309  Montpomery  St 

10..  Jun  21....  July  28....  Aug  50..FELuty 330  Pine  St 

15. .June  16. ...July  25...  .Aug  25. .N  T  Messer 309  Montgomery  St 

25. .May  22. ...June  27...  July  18..S  Stadfeld,  Jr 309  Montgomery  St 

May  1.... June  10.. ..June  30.  .J  M  Buffington 303  California  St 

28..MayI9....Jun24....Julyl5..CE  ElUott 309  Montgomery  St 

S5..May  13....  Jun  IS...  July  9..CE  Elliott 309  Montgomery  St 

30,, Juno  7. ...July  10.., July  31.. J  Mo  izio 328  Montgomery  St 

25,. Apr  28 June  6...  Jun  30.. A  K  Durbim 309  Montgomery  8t 

30. .May  5. ...June  9. ...June  30. .E  B  Holmes 309  Montgomery  St 

50. .May  10.. ..Jun  12.. ..July  2, .EL  Parker. 309  Montgomery  St 

20..  June  9....  July  17....  Aug  11..  A  Waterman 309  Montgomery  St 

50..  June  2..  ..July  15..  ..Aug  14..J  WPew 310  Pine  St 

2).May  26....July  21....Sept  lD..JCBateB ,  '" ' 


434  California  St 
MBETINOS  TO  BB  EfilLD. 
Name  of  Oompaw  Location.    Secretary  Ofptoe  in  8.  F  MEBTnro  Date 

Carmelo  Land  and  Coal  Co.. .  .California. ."W  T  Baggett 415  Montgomery  St Annual July  21 

LATEST  DIVIDENDS— WITHIN  THREE  MONTHS. 
Name  of  Company.  Location.     Sboektart.  Office  in  S.  F.  Amount.  Payable 

Champion  M  Co California.  .T  Wetzel 522  Montgomery  St 10 Jan  20 

Candelaria  Cons  M  Co Mexico.. G  Gato 309  Montgomery  St 25 Apr  5 

Caledonia  M  C Nevada.. AS  Chemlnant 328  Montgomery  St 08 May  15 

Con  CaUfomia  &  Va  M  f^o Nevada.  .A  W  Havens 309  Montgomery  St 25 Feb  10 

Derbec  Blue  Gravel  M  Co California.  .T  Wetzel 522  Montcomery  St 10 Apr  24 

Idaho  M  Co California Grass  Valley 2  50 Mar  7 

Mt  Diablo  M  Co  Nevada.  .E  Heath 319  Pine  St 30 Oct  2t 

Pacific  Borax  Salt  &  Soda  Co.  ..California.  .A  H  Clough 230  Montgomery  St 1  00....; June  10 


who  say  that  in  sinking  the  winze  they  are  bound  to 
run  into  porphyry  before  getting  to  the  1130  level. 
Comstock  miners  think  they  should  open  up 
the  1030  level  before  going  deeper.  The  Savage 
development  on  the  1300  Hale  and  Norcross  level  is 
said  to  be  quite  important  and  promises  to  make 
the  Savage  slock  a  lively  gamble,  but  for  an  invest- 
ment under  present  management  the  stock  is  too 
high.  In  Occidental  some  very  interesting  work  is 
going  on,  as  there  is  also  in  the  Alta  group.  In 
Seg.  Belcher  and  Belcher,  a  west  crosscut  has  been 
started  for  the  purpose  of  running  for  the  west  lode. 
In  Challenge,  Confidence,  Yellow  Jacket,  Con,  Im- 
perial, Alpha  and  Exchequer,  interesting  and  active 
work  is  under  way,  as  there  is  a'so  in  ChoUar,  Hale 
and  Norcross  and  Best  and  Belcher. 

Crown  Point's  bullion  return  for  the  month  of 
May  was  $39  773,  After  paying  all  expenses,  the 
managers  at  the  mine  sent  to  the  San  Francisco 
office  nearly  $6000. 


Table  of  Lowest  and  Highest  Sales  in 
S.  F.  Stock  Exchange. 


Alpha 

Alta 

Andes 

Belcher 

Best  &  Belcher... 

Bullion 

Bodie  Cod 

Bulwer 

Commonwealth  . . 
Con.  Va.&Oal... 

Ohallenge 

ChoUar 

Oonhdence 

Con.  Imperial.... 

Caledonia 

Orown  Point 

Crocker 

Del  Monte 

EureEaCon 

Exthequer 

Grand  Prize 

Gould  &  Curry... 
Hale  &  Norcroaa, 

Julia 

Justice 

Kentuck 

Lady  Wash 

Mono 

Mexican 

Navajo 

North  Belle  lale... 

Nev.  Queen 

Occidental 

Ophir 

Overman 

Potosi 

Peerless 

Peer 


8.  E.  &M 

Sierra  Nevada. . 

Silver  Hill 

Scorpion 

(Jnion  Con 

Utah 

Yellow  Jacket.. 


Week 
Ending 
June  5. 


1.40 
1.15 
.70 
2.15 
2.75 


3.50 
4.40 
2.15 
3.50 
6.50 
40 
40 
2.46 


75 
45 
1  76 
2.60 
.30 
1.40 
1.00 
25 


3  00 

41 

1.30 

.70 

1.25 

4.20 

2  25 

6.63 

25 

30 

1.90 

1.30 

1.65 

.40 

.15 

2.50 

80 

2.75 


Wkbk 

Ending 
June  12. 


1.65 

1.20 

.80 

2.85 

3.20 

2.70 

.60 

.20 

3. 55 

4.60 

2.40 

4.20 

6.00 

40 

45 

2.60 


1.10 

4.00 

35 

55 

2.65 

2.80 

40 

1.40 

1.50 

30 

40 

3.25 

.35 

1.25 

,75 

1.60 

4.60 

2.40 

6.87 

25 

30 

2.15 

1.80 

1.95 

45 

20 

76 

90 

3  95 


1.50 
.65 


1.75 
2.30 

.40 

.46 
3.70 

.40 
1.60 

.95 
1.90 
4.90 
3.00 
9.00 

■!35 
2.70 
2.25 
3.6C 

"25 
3.35 
1.25 
3.60 


Webk 

Endino 
June  19. 


1.45 
1.25 

.70 
2.90 
3,40 
2.60 

.60 

3160 
4.75 
2.60 
3.40 
7.00 

.45 

.50 
2.91 

.25 
1.25 
4.00 
1.05 

.60 
2.25 
2.55 


1.65  1.70 

I  30  1.60 

75  .86 

3.00  3.66 

3.70  4.25 

.25  4.60 

.60  .65 

.26  .... 

3.51)  3  65 

4.85  5.25 

3.30  3.70 

4.10  4.86 


6.75 


l.CO 
1.90 


.40 

3.60 

.45 

1.45 

95 

1.50 

4.40 

2.75 

25 

25 

25 

2  10 

2.06 

2.95 


3.20 
1.20 
3.26 


Week 
Endino 
June  26. 


60  .65 

00  3.50 

1.40  i'.hi) 

'  95  4.00 

1.30  1.50 

55  .... 

2.75  3.25 

3.35  3.85 

"  .40 

1.50  I.7.''. 

l.CO  i.s--, 

35  .40 

3.50  4!i6 

40  .60 

1.30  1.45 

75  .90 

60  1.85 

4.60  5.12 

2.65  3  40 

7.25  10.12 

26  .... 

25  .... 

4.15  5.00 

2.15  2,45 

3.15  4.25 

40  .50 

25 

3.00  3.85 

1.05  1.40 

3.10  3.5 


INDEX    TO    VOL.    LX 

—  OF  TUK  — 

HiDiDg  and  Scientific  Press. 

f  Concluded  from  last  page.)  ■ 


P.AGE, 

California  Fuel  Co 28; 

California  Guild 333 

California  Lustral  Co 32 

California  MaQuf'R  Co. ..,174 

California  Pomice  Co 141 

California  Eaiaiu  Co 349 

California  Kodwood  Lum- 
ber Co 192 


PAQB. 

Noith  American  Commer- 
cial Co 11 

Northwestern  M.  Co 32 

Nortlieru  Development  Co.l56 
Norton- Cook- Prait  Co....3t'8 

Ocean  Power  Co 174 

Oakland  Electric  Construc- 
tion Co 242 


California  Water  Co.  „ . .  .156  Oakland  fnVestmeat  Co!  IllTi 
Cap:talBldg&LoaaCo..3(>ooakdaleLand  Co 381 


Capital  Packing  Co 
Capital  Investment  Co 
Ceutral  AmericuD    Devel- 
opment Co 95 

Chesapeake  Oyster  Co 402 

Cincinnati  AL  Co 217 

Clinton  Tons.  M.  Co 333 

Citrus  Fruit  Co 283 

Cosmo  Metal  Co 365 

Consumera' Lumber  Ass'n,  3  8 


Del  Monte  Packing  Co.. 

DirigoM.  Co 283 

D'Opale  Cosmetique  Corn 

pagnie 217 

Economy     Building    and 

Loan  Ass'n 

E  i  t  e  1    Ticket-Registering 

Co 38] 

Estrella  Viueyard  Co 402 

Electric    Street   and    Sta- 
tion Indicator 

Empire  tjuartz  M.  Co 192 

«iant  Fuel  M'f'g  Co 365 

Golden    West    B'ld'g    and 

Loan  Ass'n 36' 

Golden  Gate  Land  Co 402 

Gold    and    Silver    E.\trac- 

tion  Co 402 

Guatemala  and  Oal,  Cona. 

M.  Co 11 

Hathaway  M.  Co 317 

Hahnemann    Hospital    of 

S.  F 242 

Herculen  M.  Co 283 

Home  Investment  Ass'n. .217 


Pacitic  Gaa-Engine  Co  .  3C8 
Pacific  Ocean  Bathing  Co.  32 

Pacitic  Iron  Works 403 

Pacific  Roll-Paper  Co 283 

Pacitio  Oil  and  Land  Co. .  .422 

Pajaro  Valley  R.R 50 

People's  Labor-Saving  and 

Mauuracturing  Co 422 

PeOi  le's     Home     Savings 

Bank 317 

75  Petaluma   Fruit    ]?ackinE 

'~'     Co 365 

Poso  Creek  Lumber  Co ... .  11 
Popular  R.  R.  Guide  Co..  11 
Pioneer  Dividtnd  Ass'n... 208 

Revenge  M.  Co ..333 

Richards  Drug  Co 242 

River,  Harbor  and  Canal 

Dredging  Co 95 

Roberts  Pri'.tingOo 217 

Round- the-World  Wln'sjier- 

ing  Telephone  Co  of  Cal.422 
Sacramen  to     Elec  t  r  i  c  a  1 

Construction  Co 333 

Saratoga  PackiogCo. . , .  50 
San  Francisco  Noveltyand 

Plating  Works 11 

San    Francisco    Syndicate 

and  Trust  Co 75 

San  Jose  Con^t^uctiou  Co. 333 

Silverado  M.  Co 333 

Sonora  M    Co. 50 

8out*i     FresQO     Improve- 
ment Co 349 

Star-Eowkett  Lsnd  Ass'n. 217 
Sterling  ManCg  Co 422 


InBtallmeut  Home  Abbu..  lliStoney     Creek     improve- 

J.  A.  Polg  r&  fo  9S     mentCo ^^ 

Jos.  Wagoner  MrgCo....3(8Stocktr.n    Electric    Con- 
Kate  Hayes  M.  Co 3r8;    stiuctiin  Co 333 

Klamath  Packing  Co 2S3|Standara  Watch  Co 41 2 


I^a  Estrella  and   Minerva 

M.  Co 317 

Lincoln  M.  Co 317 

Lucky  Dog  Cons.  M.  Co.,.  5u 

Mascot  M  Co 95 

Macato  M.  Co. 

Marysville  Cal.  Ditch  Co..  50 


Sumner  Fanning  Co 217 

Umpire  Gas  Co 308 

Union  Lithographic  Co 308 

Union  Stockyards  Co 318 

Underground  Coustiuction 
Co 141 


Mendocino    Co.    Redwood 

Ass'n 217 

Mercantile  Bank  of  S.  F..208 

Merten  M'f 'g  Ass'n 50 

MothsrLode  M.  Co 242,Wellmann,  Peck-^&Co! 

Mohawk  Canal 174  Widson  &,  Bro 


Ventura  Pla3^er  Co. . 


..308 


West  Coast  Dev'op't  Co.. 317 
We.-st     Oakland      Mutual 

Loan  Asioc'n 422 

West  Shore  Land  Co 156 

.365 
141 


Mountain  Ico  Co 422  Women's  Educational  and 

N  ational  Electric  Develop-      |    Industrial  Union 349 

ment  Co 402  Zeoger  Wood  Retort  Co.. 365 


Sales  at  San  Francisco  Stock  Exchange. 


Thursday.  June  26, 9:30  a.m. 

200  Alpha 1-55, 

450  Alta 1.45; 

100  AnQea 75c; 

470  Belcher 3.2L| 

200  Belle  lele 9fc 

450  Bests  Belcher, 3. 80^33. S5i 

100  Bodie 55c, 

950  Bullion S.SOcaS.Sij 

200  Caledonia 55o 

250  Challenge 3.2503  30, 

250  Chollar 4.00@4.IO 

300  Con,Cal.&Va..4.85@4-90| 

10  Confidence 6  874j 

200  Con,  Imperial 50c; 

650  Con.  New  York.., 50@5Ec' 
400  Crown  Point,  ,3.15@3,20l 

300  Exchequer 1.20 

■150  Goulds  Curry.2.75@2.80i 


,     50  Grand  Prize ...55c 

550  Hale  &Nor... .3. 3003.35 

200  Justice 1.70 

100  Kentuck 1.75 

4  0  Mexican .3.65@3.70 

200  Occidental 1.75 

FOO  Ovhir 4.80{a4.85 

800  Overman 3.C0@3.10 

100  Peerless 25c 

1550  PotoM 8.00@8.25 

1950  Savage 4.25 

900  Scorpion 30@35c 

750  Seg  Belcher... 2. 20''2. 25 
S-iO  Sierra  Nev....  3. 9:@4. 00 

550  Silver  Hill 45c 

655  Union 3.35@3.50 

300  Utah .- 1.25 

400  West  Comstock 35c 

575  YtlIowJaoket..3.25@3.30 


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SAN  FRANCISCO  M/*  VINGS  UNION,  532 
Califo  nia  Strent.  corner  Wtbb;  BRANCH,  1700  Ma-- 
ket  S^r.tt,  comer  P  IV.— Frr  the  half->  ear  ending  with 
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JoNB  28,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


441 


WORTHINGTON  STEAM  PUMPS! 

Hill  Contract  to  Piimp  any  Elevation  at  One  Liit. 

Wc  aro  pumplDg  Ihrough  one  coiittuuous  Udo  ot  pl|>e  IH  miles  long  against  a  preauro 
equal  to  350<)  Teet  eluvullou. 

WE  HAVE   MORE  PUMPING    CAPACITY 

HPI'LYlNIi      WATKR     WORKS 

Than  all  other  MaDufacturers  Id  tbe  United 
States  Combtn€d. 


WE  BUILD  PUMPS  FOR  EVERY  PURPOSE 

FOR  WHICH  PUMPS  ARK  USEIl, 

Anil  against  pressuros  up  Ui  sixx)  pounds  pur  square 
inch. 

Send  for  lUustra'.ed  Oat^loeue. 


Paciac  Coast  Sales  .Agent, 
NOS.    59   AND   61    FIRST   STREET,    -    -    -    DONAHUE   BUILDING, 

ALSO  AGENT  FOR  THE 

NATIONAL     WATER     PURIFYING     COMPANY 

Having  tlie  larRCft  Arliticial  riants  In  the  Suited  Stales  in  operation  iu  Philadelphia  and  Chattunooga 
having  eiiHUged  the  next  besl  system,  iu  several  imlaucts.  to  the  National.    Any  capaeily  guaranteed. 


s-a."ve: 


BY    USING  


WATER  POWER  TRANSMITTED  BY  ELECTRICITY 

To  Run  your   Mills,   Hoists   and   Trams. 

For  Clrcalar  k^^^S  particulara  send  to 

KEITH    ELECTRIC    CO., 


L.  C.   MAR.SHUI'Z 


■  MANDFACIDBEKS  OF  - 


Apparatus  for  Electric  Light  and  Electric  Power 

OFFICE,  40  NEVADA  BLOCK, 

Factory,  Stevenson  St..  bet.  First  and  Eoker,  SAN  FKANCISCO,  CAL. 


A.  J.  VAN  DRAKE. 

Machinist  and  Mechanical 
Engineer, 

203  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco. 


SPUR  AND  BEVEL  GEARS  CUT  TO  ORDER. 

Pa.toxi.t    TSlLocLelmi 

And  Experimental  Machinery  of  All  Kinds. 
SliaftlDf;,  Fulleys  and  Boxes, 

BDgineB  and  Boilers. 

DRAWINGS,  PLiNS  and  SPECIFICATIONS  made  for 
□  ew  machinery. 

Jobbintr  of  every  descriotion  promptly  attended  to. 
FINE  WORKMANSHIP  GUARANTEED. 


Day's  Improved  Quartz  Stamp  Mill. 

This  Mill  is  designed  (or  the  Prospector,  the  Assayer  and 
Sampler  of  Gold  and  Silver-bearing  rock.  It  is  a  perfect  mil], 
built  entirely  ol  metals,  and  of  the  best  mecharical  construc- 
tion; will  amalgamate  perfectly  in  the  battery  or  on  plates. 
It  strikes  a  sharp,  heavy  blow  with  a  lighistamp.  Shipping 
weight,  225  IbH.    Price  575.    Address 

ATI.AS    IBOPf    WORKS,  Cor.  >apa  and  liouiaiana 
Streets,  Potrero,  8AN    FRANCISCO,  CAL. 

N.  B.— Chapparell.  Butte  Co.,  Cal.,  Nov.  10,  J8K9.— Mr.  Jas. 
Day,  Chico:  The  Utile  mill  is  a  daisy;  it  comes  up  to  all  ex- 
pectations; it  works  perfect  in  all  respects.    Youra  tnjly, 

Walker,  Reese  &  Co.    ' 


A,  T    1>EWEY 
W.  B.  EWKR. 

Geo.  H.  Strong. 


}Dewey  &  Co.'s  Scientific  Press  Patent  Agencyj'^Tser" 

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nations  of  the  world.  In  connection  with  our  et'itorial,  aoientiflc  and  Patent  Law  Library,  and  record  of  original 
■  cases  in  our  office,  we  have  other  advantages  far  beyond  those  which  can  be  offered  home  inventors  by  other  agencies 
the  information  accumulated  through  long  and  careful  practice  before  the  Office,  and  the  frequent  examination  of 
patents  already  granted,  for  the  pmpoae  of  determining  the  patentability  of  Inventions  brought  before  us,  enables 
UB  often  to  give  ftdvloe  which  will  save  inveotorB  the  expense  of  applying  for  Patents  upon  Inventions  which  are  not 
f 9w.  Clrculftra  of  »dvtce  sent  free  on  reoeipt  of  postage.  Addreaa  DEWEY  k  CO. ,  Patent  Agents.  220  Market  St ,  8.  F. 


r,  O.  CANTRELL. 


NATIONAL  IRON  WORKS 

N.  W.  Corner  Main  and  Howard  Sts.,  San  Francisco, 

,  MANUFACTUllEllS    OF 

Stationary  and  Compound  Engines,  Flour.  Sugar,  Saw 
and  Quartz  Mill  Machinery. 

AMALGAMATING  MACHINES.     CASTINGS  AND  FORCINGS  SLfr" 


ptloD 


ALL     WOHK     Th:sTKI)     AND    UDARA.MTEItD. 

IMPROVED    PORTABLE    HOISTING    ENGINES. 


NATIONAL  ROCKER  aUARTZ  MILL. 

KENDALL'S  PATENT,  A0QD8T  24.  1886. 

CA.i'.A.Gi'r-v.  xa    rrous    ixi.    24    ^o-ux-s.     3  xz.  f>. 

MARSHUTZ  &  CANTRELL,  Sole  Manufacturers. 

The  Patentee  and  Manufacturers 
cordially  invite  miners  to  critically 
examine  and  pass  Judgment  upon 
this  improved  system  ot  milling 
and  amalgamating  ores  in  the  fol- 
lowing particulars: 

1.  T)ic  cost  is  less  than  ono-half  of 
HtanipR  ot  same  capacity 

2.  The  (rciglit  to  mine  is  less  than 
one-half  of  stani|)s. 

'3.  Tlie  cost  of  erecting  is  less  than 
onc-fourtli  of  stamps. 

4.  The  power  to  drive  it  is  less  than 
one-half  of  stamps. 

6.  The  wear  ia  less  than  one-quar- 
ter of  stamps. 

6.  There  is  no  wear  except  on 
shoes  and  dies. 

7.  In  point  of  amalgamation  it  Is 
superior  tu  any  other  machine 
in  use. 

8.  In  itssimpHcity  of  construction. 

We  challenge  competition  with 
Stamps,  Ball  Pulverizers  or  and 
other  ore  crushing  machines  now 
before  the  publla 

^Send  for  Circulars  and  Price  List.  MARSHUTZ    &    OANTRBLL. 


IKS 


J 


THE    AiLa.a    OttB    CAB. 


J.  B.  JARDINE, 

General  Manager, 

Cor.  Napa  and  Louisiana  Sts., 
POIREIIO, 

Manufacturers  and  Builders  o 
all  kinds  of 

Mill  &  Mining  Mactiinery, 

Indicators,  Steam  Engines,  Steam  B  Hers, 
Water  Wheels,  Hoisting  EnRinea,  Holeting 
Wyrk».  Hoisting  Derricit',  Boom  Datri- ks. 
Coal  Winches,  Hoidta  and  Elevators,  Dredg- 
ers, Excavators  and  Ditching  Machines. 

-^^5      Th's  car  is  lined  with  steel.and  will  dump 
>•■     right  or  left.     Has  ateel  axles. 

CONTRACTORS^MACHINERY 

A  Specialty. 


SAN  FRANCISCO  TOOL  CO, 

MANDPAOTURBRS    OP 

IRRIGATING  PUMPS 

AND 

Machinery  of  all  Kinds. 


. PACIFIC  COAST  AGENTS 

BABOOOK    &    WILOOX 

Patent  Water  Tube  Steam  Boilers. 

SstlmateB  Furnished  on  Application. 


rSend  for  Catalogues. 


OKNTKIKUriAI.     PUMP. 


FIRST  and  STEVENSON  STS..  S.  F. 


PERFECT  PULLEYS 

First  Premium  Awarded  at  Mechanics'   Fair,    1884. 

Sole  Licensed  Manufacturers  of  the 

KEDABT    PATENT    WEOTJGHT    RIM    PUIIEY 

For  the  States  of  California,  Oregon  and  Nevada,  and  the  Territories  of  Idaho,  WashlngtOD 

Montana,  Wyoming,  Utah  and  Arizona.      Lightest,  Strongest,  Cheapest  and 

Best  Balanced  Pulley  in  the  World.     Also  Manufacturers  of 

PAT.  oi*.  25. 1881.         SHAFTING,    HANGERS    AND    APPURTENANCES, 

i^SBND  FOR  ClROULABS  AKS  PniOB  LlBT.fEl 

Nob.  139  and  181  FREMONT  STBBBT  SAN    FRANGISOO.  OAL. 


440 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[June  28,  1890 


A  NEW  AMERICAN  BOOK 

—  ON  ~ 

Minerals,  MiieMiiim^ 

ItECENTtV    PUBLISHED. 

A  Pfaetical  Manual  of  Mioerale,  Mines,  and  Mininir; 
compfiBioif  t-utfm-s  iou8  &i  \q  the  localities  and  asuocia- 
tiOMB  of  all  the  useful  Minerals,  Ui  1  deaenption  of  Die 
rao3t  elTetitive  methoda  for  botJi  the  fjiialitative  and 
q'lantitative  analyses  of  lach  jif  thtae  minerals,  aud 
hints  upon  the  various  operatioiig  of  mining,  ioc  udiny 
arehiteotnreand  constructitn.  By  Prof  H.  tf.  Csborn. 
Ll.,0.,  author  of  'Th^  Metallurgy  of  Iron  a^d  StecL" 
Illustriti'd  by  171  cnirraving'.-.  In  one  volume,  Svo,  3(i7 
patrep.  Price  -^it  :'>0,  bi/  mail,  free  of  postage,  to  awj 
ad<ln.'^:~  i'l  the  ivHd. 

CO  ^TK^'  S.  — f  ART  I.  Ml'ilNG,  MiNKFl 'LOUV,  AND  ECO- 
NOMIC TkRATMKN  T  ANi'  W  rSTORY   OK   THE  USKKUIj  MiNKRALB. 

Mining,  MLntiralotry,  Prel  miuary  Prineiplea  and  Prtpjta- 
tiona,  Econoraio  Trtatment  aud  History  of  tlie  U^ieful 
Minera'p,  Gol  I,  Silver,  Copper,  Nitktil,  Ir^-n,  Tio,  Zinc 
Lead,  Manganese.  Flatlnum,  Iridium.  Mfreur.i ,  Antimo  y, 
BamuTh,  Chrom'um,  (Jobalt,  Corundum  and  hmcry, 
Pumiue  Stjne,  Infusorial  Earth,  Griadatouea,  Buhr- 
atoneg,  the  Diamond. 

Part  IJ.  Miniwg  Work  at^d  AiicnTKCTUiiE,  including 
Various  Sogokstioxb,  with  DBscRii'ri>iN  of  Asbogiatku 

Al'l'ARATOS    AND     MacHISRRV.      MinilrET    ConKtlU''  ion     ;  nd 

M.chine'y.  [This  part  compr'.s<s  'JO  pag/s,  illustrated 
bi/ !'}'>  eiigravings,  wUh  def ails  ton  full  to  be  com^rined 
within  the  linilL-^  of  thi^  adecr  i-^cmcnt  ] 

Api'KNDIX.  Sinking  Artesian  VVtlls,  uii  and  Gas  Wells. 
Index. 

An  ■illmlrated  Circular,  4  pages,  4io,  giving  the 
full  Tahlii -of  Contents  of  this  volume,  will  he  sent 
free  of  postage  to  any  one  in  any  part  of  the  woi-ld 
who  will  apply  by  letter. 

/i£sT'  The  abguc  or  any  of  our  Books  sent  hy  mail, 
free  of -postage,  at  the  publication  price,  to  any  ad- 
dress in  the  loorld. 

y0S"  Oar  New  Reulsetl  Descriptive  Catalogue  of 
Practical  and  Scientific  Boohs,  8G  pages,  Svo,  and 
oar  other  catalogues  and  circulars,  the  lohole  cover- 
ing all  of  the  'branches  of  Science  applied  to  the 
Arts,  sent  free,  and  free  of  postage,  to  any  one  in 
any  j /art  of  the  world  who  ivlll  furnish  his  address. 
HENRY  CAREY  BAIRD  &  CO., 

IwrUSTR'AL     PUBLIKIlBWfi,     BnfKSKl  LKHa     AKD     ImI'OIITKRS, 

81 «  Walnut  S  .,  Hh  iadelpliia.  Fa  .  U  ^.  A. 

AMERICAN   MINING   AND  STOCK  CODE 

''  KELLOGRAPH." 

Indispensable  to  the  Mining  Profession  and 
Bseful  in  all  Business  Transactions. 
A  Complete  Svatem  ol  Transmittins  Telegraphic  Mes- 
sages by  Code  Cipher  Words  in  a  Le^'ible,  Secret  and 
Economic  Manner. 

OVER   35,000   WORDS  AND  SENTENCES 

Subject  to  tranemieaion  under  infinite  complication  by 
the  use  of  over  70,000  code  worda. 

No  danger  of  publicity  in  telegraphing  matters  con- 
cerning operation  or  aale  of  mining  property.  The  work 
strictly  alphabetical  and  claesified.  The  handiest  work 
ever  pu'itished  for  mining  operators. 

PRICE,  86.    Forwarded  postpaid  on  receipt  of  price  by 
DEWBY  &  CO., 
20    MARKET  STREFTT,  SAN  FRANCISCO. 


O.    H.  EVANS    &  CO. 

(Successors  to  THOMSON  &  EVANS), 

110  and  112  Beale   Street,  S.  F. 

MACHIHE  WORKS, 
Steam  Pumps,  Steam  Engines 

and  all  Jdnds  ot  MACHINERY. 

m 


FRANCIS  SMITH  &  CO. 

Manufacturers  of 

Sheetlron  and  Steel 


ALL    SIZES. 

130  Eeale  Street,         San  Francisco,  Cal 

Iron  cut,  punched  and  formed,  for  making  pipe  ok 
ground  All  kinds  of  Tools  supplied  for  making  Pipe. 
Estimates  given.  Are  prepared  for  coating  all  sizes  of 
Pipe  with  a  composition  of  Coal  Tar  and  Asphaltnm. 


TUBBS  CORDAGE  CO. 

(A  Corporation.) 

Constantly  on  hand  a  full  assortment  of  Manila  Rope, 
Duplex  Rope,  Tarred  Manila  Rope,  Hay  Rope,  Whale  Line, 
etc.,  etc. 

Extra  sizes  and  lengths  made  to  order  on  short  notice. 

611  &  613  Front  St..  San  Francisco.  Cal. 


.GompieteSteamPump© 


illKHiiisiJiiilla' 


rWATERSUPPtnwiKS. 

•Sole  MaIkers  . -r-.7T%i-D{sCRiniVE 


WuzEilil 


m  VBNTOBS,      TAKE       NOTICE ! 
L.  PETERSOnTmODEL  MAKER, 

i58  Market  St. ,  N.  E.  cor.  Front  (up  stairs),  San    Francsino 

Expcrimeiital  machinerj-  and  all  kinds  of  models.  Tin 

:md  brasswork.    All  communications  strictly  confiden' 


PACIFIC    ROLLING    MILL    CO., 

UANUFAOTURKRa  OF 

!l  Casliiis  ?M  steel  Ferpp 


UP   TO   20,000   LBS,    WEIGHT. 

Trae  to  pattern  and  superior  In  strencrth,  touerbness  and  durability  to  Oaet  or  Wronsht 
Iron  In  any  poaitlon  or  for  any  service. 

GEARINGS,  SHOES,  DIES,  CAMS,  TAPPETS,  PISTON-HEADS,  RAILROAD  and  MA- 
CHINERY CASTINGS  of  Every  Description. 


HOMOGENEOOS  STEEL. 


SOFT  and  DUCTILE. 


SUPERIOR  TO  IRON  FOR 


LOCOMOTIVE  AND  MARINE  FORGINGS. 

ALSO  Steel  Rods,  from  i  to  3  inch  diameter  and  Flats  from  1  to  8  inch.  Angles,  Tees,  Channels  and  other  shape 
Steel  Wagon,  Buggy,  and  Truck  Tires,  Plow  Steel;  Machinery  and  Special  Shape  Steel  to  size  and  lengths 
STSSli  KAILS  from  12  to  46  pounds  per  yard.  ALSO,  Railroad  and  Merchant  Iron,  Rolled 
Beams,  Angle,  Cliannel,  and  T  Iron,  Bridge  and  Machine  Bolts,  Lag  Screws,  Nuts,  Washers,  Ship  and  Boat 
Spikes;  Steamboat  Shafts,  Cranks,  Pistons,  Connecting  Rods,  etc.  Car  and  Locomotive  Axles  and  Frames, 
and  Iron  Forglngs  of  all  kinds,  Iron  and  Steel  Bridge  and  Roof  Work  a  Speolalty. 

HIGHEST  FRICS  PAID  FOR  SCRAP  IRON  AND  STBBX.. 

lar  Orders  will  have  prompt  attention.    Send  for  Cataloguea    Address 

PACIFIC  BOLLINO  HULL  CO.,  202  Market  St..  San  rrancisco. 


FULTON     IRON    WORKS, 

HINCKLEY.  SPIERS   &   HAYES.  Proprietors. 


[ESTABLISHED    IN    1855.] 


J9cft,xx   X*a7jn.xxoli5too. 


-MANDFACTURKRfl    OF— 


TUSTIN'S    PULVERIZER. 


MARINE     ENGINES     AND     BOILERS.- 

Propeller  Engines,  either  High  Pressure  or  Compound, 
Stern  or  Side-wheel  Engines. 

MINING  MACHINERY.— Hoisting  Engines  and 
Works,  Cages,  Ore  Buckets,  Ore  Cars,  Pumping  Engines 
and  Pumps,  Water  Buckets,  Pump  Columns,  Air  Com- 
pressors, Air  Receivers,  Air  Pipes. 

MILL  MACHINERY.-Batteries  for  Dry  or  Wet 
Crushing,  Amalgamating  Pans.  Settlers,  Furnaces,  Re- 
torts, Concentrators,  Ore  Feeders,  Rock  Breakers,  Fur- 
naces for  Reducing  Ores,  Water  Jackets,  eta 

MISCELLANEOUS  MAOHINERY.-Flour 
Mill  Machinery,  Saw  Mill  Engines  and  Boilers,  Dredging 
Mauhinery,  Powder  Mill  Machinery,  Water  Wheels. 

Tustin's  Pulverizer 

WORKS  ORE  WET  OR  DRY. 


ENGINES^BOILERS 

OF    ALL    KINDS, 

Either  for  use  on  Steamboats  or  for  use  on  Land. 

Water  Pipe,  Frunp  or  Air  Colnnms,  Fish 
lauks  for  Salmon  Canneriea 

OF   BVBRy   DBSORIPTION. 

Boiler  Kepairs  Promptly  attended  to  and  at  r^ry  moaerate  rates. 

AGBMT8  FOR  THB  PACIFIC  COAST  FOR  THB 

X>ea,xi.e  SteA.X33.  I*xi.aaa.-e>. 

SPECIALirES : 

Corliss  Engines  and  Xnstln  Ore  Pnlverlzers.  DBANB    STEAM    PUMP. 

Agents  and  Manufacturers  of  the  Llewellyn  Feed  TVater  Purifier  and  Heater. 


THE  GIANT  POWDER  COMPANY 

Manufacture  Three  Kinds  of  Powder,  which  are  acknowledged  by  all  the  Great  Chemists  of  the  World  as 

The  Safest  and  Strongest  High  Explosives  in  the  Market. 

Of  Different  Stren^bs  as  Required. 

NOBRIi'S    SXPLOSIVX:     OSIjATIXI!:,"   whioh  contains    04   per  cent  of  Nltro-Glycerlne,  and 

GEL.ATINX:-DTNAMITG»  Strongrer  than  Dynamite  and  even  Safer  tn  HandllDg. 

JUDSON  POWDER  IMPROVED. 

FOR  RAILROADS  AND  LAND  CliEARTNG.  Is  from  three  to  four  times  stronger  than  ordinary  Blast- 
ing Powder,  and  is  used  hy  all  the  Railroads  and  Gravel  Claims,  as  it  breaks  more  ground,  pulverizes  better  and 
saves  time  and  money.     It  is  aa  dry  as  the  ordinary  Blasting  Powder  and  runs  as  freely. 

BANDMANN,  NIELSEN  Sl  CO., 

OAFS  and  FUSE  for  Sale.  GENERAL  AGENTS,  SAN  FRANCISCO    OAL. 


QUARTZ  SCREENS 


specialty.  Round,  slot 
or  burred  slot  holes.  Gen- 
uine Russia  Iron,  Homo- 
geneous Steel,  Cast  Steel  or ' 
American  planished  Jron, 
Zinc,  Copper  or  Brass  Screens  for  all  purposes.  Cali- 
fornia Perforating  Screen  Co.,  145  &  147  Beale  St  ,  S.  F. 


COAL  MINES  OF  THE  WESTERN  COAST. 

A  few  copies  of  this  work,  the  only  one  ever  published 
treating  of  Pacific  Coast  Coal  Mining,  have  been  ob- 
tained, and  are  for  sale  at  this  office  for  !f2.50  per  copy 
It  was  written  by  W.  A.  Goodyear,  Mming  and  Civil 
Engineer,  formerly  of  the  California  State  Geplogioai 
Survey,  ■-("?■. 


N.  W.  SPAULDING 

Manufacturers  of 
SPAULDINQ'S 

Inserted  Tootb 

AND 

CHISEL    BIT 

CIKCULAK 

Saws. 

SAW  MILLS   AND   MACHINERY 

Of  all  kipda  made  to  order.    Send  toj  Deaoriptlve  Cata 
^Ofirue.    17  an4  ^9  ¥'r«mont  Sts.  San  FraB^ifoo 


Irop  apd  jMactiipe  h\\% 


CALIFORNIA    MACHINE   WORKS, 

WM.  H.  BIRCH  &  CO., 

ENGINSBRS     AND     MACHINISTS, 

No.  119  Beale  St..      -      -      San  Francisco. 

• BUILDBR8  OP' 

Steam  Engines,  Saw  Mills,  Mining  Machinery,  Dredging 
Machines,  Rock  Crushers,  Cable  Railway  Machinery, 
ElUthorp  Air  Brake  Co.'s  Patent  Steam  and  Hydraulic 
Elevators,  Air  Cushions  and  Air  Brakes.  POSITIVE 
SAFETIES.  Improved  Ram  Elevators,  Sidewalk  and 
Hand  Hoists.  B.  £.  Henrickson's  Patent  Automatic 
Safety  Catches. 

Macliines  of  all  kinds  Made  and  Repaired. 
Orders  Solicited, 


Golden  State  &  Miners  Iron  Works. 

Uacnfaotnre  Iron  Oastlnsa  and  Maoblnery 
of  all  Kinds  at  Greatly  Reduced  Bates. 

STEVENSON'S  PATENT 

Mold-Board  AMALGAMATORS, 
Golden  State  Pressure  Blowers. 

WiTSt,  St.,  between  Howard  A  Folsom,  S.  F. 


THOMAS  THOMPSON 


THORNTON  THOMPSON 


THOMPSON    BROTHERS. 

EUREKA    FOUNDRY, 

129  and  181  Beale  St.,  between  Mission  and  Howard,  S.F 

lUSnPACTDRBRS  OP  OASTTMGS  OF  BVBBT  DBSORIFTIOR, 


Mining    Engineers. 


Bewick,  Moreing  &  Hooper, 

MINING  ENGINEERS, 

508  California  Street,  San  Francisco,  Oal. 

Suffolk  House,  Laurence,  Pouutney  Hill, 

lONPON,  K.  C. 

Leake's  Buildiiiga,  Johaonesburg, 

SOUTH   dI<RICit. 

Report  on  minea  and  undertake  management  of  mining 
protcrties. 


W.  A.  GOODYEAR, 

Oivil   and   Mining'   Engineer, 

MtNINQ  EXPEaiT  aid  OEOLOQIST. 
AddreSB  "  Buslnesa  Box  A,"  office  of  this  paper,  Sao 
Francisco. 


ROSS   E.  BROWNE, 

Mining  and  Hydraulic  Engineer, 

No.  S07  Sansoub  St.,  San  Franoisoo. 


Tioga  District  Mining  Company, 

Incorporated  June  IX,  18S9.    Capital  Stock,  310,000,000. 

BUY  AND  SELL 

California  Gold,  Silver,  Quicksilver,  Copper 

and  Lead  Mines 

OF    ASCERTAINED    VALUE. 

Office,  No.  13  PABROTT'S  BniLDING,  N.  W. 

Corner  of  California  and  Montgomery  Streets, 

SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 

WM.  B.  WIGHTMAN.  Prea.      WM.  H.  V.  CRONISE,  Sec. 


The  Best  Mining  District 

Oa  the  Pacific  Cuaa't  1 

GRASS    VALLEY,  CAL. 

THE  BEST  NEWSPAPER  publisiied  in  the  district  ia 

•rm:  TnainNrcsrS, 

Daily  and  "Weekly  edition.  Gives  all  the  Minicj?  News. 
Dealers  in  Mining  Machinery  and  Mioinfr  Supplies  will 
find  THE  TIDINGS  the  best  medium  for  directly  reach- 
icar  the  owners  or  managers  of  mines.  Investors  in 
mines  will  find  it  to  their  advantage  to  subscribe. 

Many  mines  are  in  successful  operation,  and  new 
enterprises  are  being  instituted  and  many  others  arc  in 
uonCemplation. 

DAILY,  §6  00  a  year;  WEEKLY,  S2  50,  in  advance. 
H.  S.  SPAULDING,  Publisher. 

T.  C.  HOCKING,  Editor. 


FOR  SALE— CHEAPEST  OF  ALL! 

TWENTY-STAMP  MILL, 

Complete   Ore   Feeders,   I'latea   and    Power, 
One  Double  Hoist  Cable  and  Baokets. 

Everything  in  first-claBS  condition.     Terms  cash.    Must 
ell  quick.     AddreFS 

EUGENE  KNAPP,  Columbia,  Tuolumne  Co,,  Cftl. 


GRANGER'S  ROLLER  STAMP  MILL 

Co^ts  tlinm  all.    Works  dry  ores.    Makes  pt  en  gran- 
ulaUuu.    No  dead  woi'k,  lifnce  minimum  wear. 

A.  P.  GKAXGEn,  Denvtir,  Colo.  ' 


GRANGER'S  DRY  ORESEPARATOR 

The  very  best.  Uses  no  water.  No  freezing  up. 
Saves  hauling  waste.  Saves  blgli  percentage.  Send 
for  pirculQra. 

A.  P.  GKANGEFv,  Denver,  Colo. 


JoNB  28,  1890.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


441 


PROVED    BELT    FRUE   ORE  CONCENTRATOR. 


The  Beat  Ore  CoDoectrator  in  the  market,  having  double 
the  Capaoity  aud  dotog  its  work  aa  oloae  as  the  pUio  Belt 
machiDe,  while  ita  cODceDtrationa  are  cleao.  It  la  uaed  iq 
a  Dumber  of  MtUa,  the  meet  notable  of  which  ia  the 
Alaaka  M.  <fe  M.  Co'a  Mill,  where  'J4  Improved  lielt  Frues 
are  taking  the  Palp  from  120  St;impa,  cruahlog  'i50  tona 
per  day,  and  ia  f^ving  entire  eaciafaotion  aa  againat  48 
plain  Belt  Machines,  taluz^  the  Palp  from  the  other  120 
Btampa, 

Price  of  Improved  Belt  Frue  Vanner,  $82B,  f.  o.  b. 
Price  of  Plain  Belt   Frue   Vanner,  $575,  f.  o.  b. 


Protected  by  Pat^nta  December  22,  1S74;  September?, 
1879;  April  27,  IS80;  March  22.  ItJSl;  February  20,  1883; 
September  18,  1883;  Jaly  24,  1888.     Patents  applied  for. 


For  Pamphlets,  Testimoaiala  and  farther  information 
apply  at  ofUoe. 

ADAMS  &  CARTER,  Agents  FRUE  VANNING  MACHINE  CO.,  Room  15, 


There  are  Over  2200  Plain  Belt  Machines  now 
in  Use. 

Till  tfoKTAHA  Coui-ANT  (Llmit«(i),  Lo«oo»,  Octobor  S,  1885. 
Drak  Siiuj:— H»vln^  tcHtcJ  thrue  of  your  Fruv  Vaniien  in  »  com- 
petitive trial  with  other  Bluiiliir  machiiies  (Truinij.li).  we  havL-  lutltifled 
our»olvo9of  tiiu  8\iiHri..rity  o(  jour  Vaiiiior«.  ab  id  uvideowa  by  the 
factor  our  havinir  onlered  20  more  of  your  mavhiiittH  for  immi-diate 
delivery.     Youru  truly,         TUB  MONTANA  COiieANY  (Limited). 

N.  B.—Slnc«  the  ahovo  was  written  the  20  VannerB,  haWiiK  been 
started,  ^\e  aucii  satisfaction  that  H  adilitional  Fruos  and  more 
stamps  havo  bccu  purcliaacd.  ADAMS     &    CAKTKH, 

No.  132  Market  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal, 


a 


TRIUMPH"  ORE  CONCENTRATOR  with  IMPROVED  RIFFLED  BELT. 


The  competitive  trials  which  have  been  held  between  the 
"Triumph  "  Ore  Concentrators,  the  *'  Frue"  Vannera  and 
other  forms  of  concentrating  devices,  do  not  warrant  the  as- 
sertiou  that  the  "Krue  '  Vanner  is  the  best  ore  concentrator  in 
the  market.  The  fact  that  the  "Fruee"  haTe  improved  (cor- 
rof;ated)  belts  does  not  militate  against  the  superiority  of  the 
"Triumphs;"  for,  when  desired,  they  (the  "Triumphs")  can 
be  mounted  with  a  superior  belt  known  as  the  '*  Blasdel  " 

Riffled.  

Price  "  Trimnph  "  Concentrators,  with  Im- 
proved (Patented)  Belt       -       -       ■        $650  f.  o.  b. 

Price  "  Triumph "  Concentrators,  with 
Plain  Belt $550  f.  o.  b. 


Wo  arc  prepared  to  Kuaraiitee  the  BUperiorlty  ol  tho  "  Tiioiuiih  " 
the  **  Frue  "  or  any  other  form  o(  Concentrator,  for  coin  if  need  bo. 
Circulars  and  testimonial  letters  furnished  on  application. 


JOSHUA  HENDY  MACHINE  WORKS, 

39  to  51  Fremont  Street,     San  Francisco,  Cal, 


Both  the  *'Triumph"-ConceDtrator  and  ''Blasdel"  (n'nied) 
Belt  are  protected  by  incontestable  letters  patent,  granted 
by  the  Government  of  the  United  States. 

OriKJnal  Knipiro  Mill  and  Mininp  Company,  \ 

Principal  Ollicc,  401  Culilornia  Si.,  cor.  Sansonie,  S.  F.      ]■ 

LotatioD  of  Worke,  Grwa  Valley,  N«vada  Co.,  Cal.  j 

GUAiiS  Vallky,  Nbvada  Co.,  Cai..,  Nov.  10,  18S6. 

Joshua  Hnui'i  Uackiiu;  Worku, .;:/  to  51  Frfiimnt  St.,  S.  F.,  Cal.: 

Gbntlkmkn— 1  am  pleased  to  state,  iu  rcfereoco  to  tho  •'Trinniph'* 
Ore  Con  cent  ratora.  -that  four  (4)  of  them  wero  place!  iu  the  mUl  of  tho 
Oritriiial  Emipre  Mill  and  Minini:  Coinpatiy  in  April.  1AS4,  and  a  thorough 
teet  made  of  their  practical  ojn-r  tion;  ami '.heir  ellicienuv  havinji  beori 
liemODHtrated,  funr  (4)  nioro  were  siil.sc.|ucntly  introduced  aa  the  comple- 
ment of  the  Twenty  (20)  Stamp  Mill,  ftbd  the  ciijht  {8j  havo  beon  and  are 
now  runnitiy:  with  entirely  Batisfaetorv  reai'ltu. 

At  the  Ten  (10)  .Stamp  Mill  of  the  North  Star  Mininir  Company,  uu-ior 
my  3Upervii.iou.  four  (4)  are  also  in  emcewitiil  operation,  and  fruoi  my 
oliservation  of  tholr  pracJcal  workinRS,  I  am  convinced  that  this  form  of 
Concentratore  is  the  equal,  if  not  superior  to  aiiv  otlie-  Btvle  of  Vannera 
or  concentrating  devices.  DAVID  McKAY,  .Ih., 

[Sieoed]  Sup't  North  Star  and  Original  Empire  Mining  Co. 

N.  B.  When  the  stampinp  capacity  of  the  two  above  named  mills  was  in- 
creased, more  "  Triumph  *'  Concentrators  wore  purchased,  and  tweuty- 
eifht  (2S)  are  now  in  constant  sucee-stul  operation. 


CALIFORNIA    WIRE    WORKS 


^;)bt'.a-:^XjXsh'f;t3  issa.     iKroon.i»o3F«.A.«x«DEiX3  1882. 


JIANUPACrUREKS  OF 

Steel   Wire   Rope, 

OF  ALL  KINDS  FOR 

CABLE  RAILWAYS, 

ROPEWAYS  and  TRAMWAYS, 

Mining,  Shipping  &  General  Purposes. 


WIRE, 

BARBED    WIRE, 
WIRE   NAILS, 

WIRE    CLOTH. 

Full  Assortment  Always  In  Stock. 


OFFICK  : 

9  Fremont  Street,  San  Francisco. 

Send  for  Ulustraled  Catalogue. 


hallidie's 
Patent  VV'RE  Ropeway, 

For  the  Economical  and  Rapid 

Transportation    of   Ore 

and  other  material. 


Erected  by  Ua  During  the  Past  Fourteun  Years  fn  SjianB  l 

200  TO  2.000  FEET. 


Simple,  Economical  and  Durable. 


TRANSPORTATION    OF    ORE    BY     HAI^LIDIE'S     PATENT    WIRE    ROPEWAY. 


HAVE   BEEN  THOROUGHLY  TESTED 
In  all  Paris  of  the  Country. 


HXJI^TIlNrC3rT<3  IVT, 

MANUFACTUEBR    OF  


CENTRIFUGAL  ROLLER  QUARTZ  MILLS, 

Concentrators  and  Ore  Crushers, 
Mining  Macliinery  of  Every  Description.        Steam  Engines  and  Shingle  Machines. 


SEND    FOR    CIROUIiAR. 


Centrlfaesl  Roller  Quartz  Mill.  213      I"IH.ST      S^rHSIDSTC, 


I3.A.T^     X*X«..A.3>XC3XSC!0.      C-A-lLm. 


HOISTING  ENGINES  FOR  MINES 


1,2,  or  4  Drums,  with  Reversible  Link 
Motion  or  Pat.  Improved  Friction. 


MADE  ONLY   BY   TIIK 


LIDGERWOOD  M'F'G  CO.. 

96  Liberty  St.,  New  York. 

34  and  86  West  Monroe  St.,  Chicago. 

197  to  203  Congress  St,  Boston. 

PACIFIC    COAST    AGENTS. 

PARKE  &  LACY  CO.,  San  Francisco. 

Send  for  Catalogue. 


HOSKINS'  PATENT  BLOW-PIPE  AND  ASSAY  FURNACES. 


Chemists,  Assayers,  Metallurgiets,  £ii- 
gineers,  Jewelers,  Tentists,  Etc. 


NO   DUST !     NO   ASHES ! 


Will  do  f"r  every  thine:  'li^t  a  foal  Furnace  or  Gae 
Furnace  will,  and  WIIHOUT  A  BLOWKR. 

Send  for  Price  List  and  Deecriptive  Ciroular  to 


WM.  HOSKIJMS  &  CO.,  81  s^SCrRli'sT.,  CHICAGO,  ILL. 


444 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


[JuMB  28,  1890 


INDEX  TO  VOL.  LX 


piping  apd  ?cieptific  l^fe?3. 

From  January  to  June,  1890. 


Mioes,  Pre- 


PAG  E, 

Academy  o!  Sciences,  29,  169 

■2)1,  418. 
Accideottt 

venblug. 

Amber.... 

Africa.  Possibilitiea  of — 350 

Aim  i'l  SlioutiDg Qi 

Air-lift  Pump  (aee  Pump) 

Airiii  Water lU 

Alasl<a,  Prospticuiuff  io  — 

^Alpiue  Lakes 3(i!l 

Aluminium 361 

Amador  Miiiea 416,  421 

America.  Prehistoric 3)1 

Angels'  Mines 24! 

Arch  in  Sky 9B 

Arid  Lands 39; 

Arizona  Mines 39,  79,  SO 

Art,  American 6 

^'Artesian  Water 1S6,  204 

Asphaltum,  California 
Astronomical  Prajjress,  60,  366 
Astronomical  Photograpby  63 
Astrouomical  Society,  75, 

255. 
AsBiyg,  Car  and  Itattery,  215 
239,  254. 

■'Assay  Furnaces _  - . 

Assessing  Corporations 2 

Aaaessabte  Mines 18G 

Austria,  Travels  in .~^20 

Axe,  New 150 

B 

*B^oksfcopio? 187 

Bairds' Publications 14 

EaUnof  Fire 12S 

Ballooniug 331 

Ballot  Reform 163 

Bauks  aud  Mining  Stocks. 134 

Banking 20.21 

*Batea  287 

Bean  Harvester 351 

Bearings,  Hot 334| 


Dividends  in  1S89 78,  153 

Dope  for  Suow  Shovels 62 

Dosimetry 151 

Drtdgfl,  Bowers'  44 

Drifr,  Mines 79,116 

^Drifb  Mines,  Hofifl  Bact,  279 
236. 

Drift  Mines,  Red  Point.. 205 

Drug-;  aud  Doctors 66 

"Dry  Crushing  Mill 91,  98 

Dry  Process 301 

Dust.  Danger  in 269 

DwelUngs,  English 219 


Earthquake 286 

Earth  Rotation 234 

Ea'tb  Worms 269 

Karring 399 

Eclipses 76 

Edison's  Inventions.. .114,  132 

Eiffel  Tower 24,  319 

Eight-Hour  System 302 

Electric  Cars 183,  219 

Electric  L^ght  Safe  . . .  .97.  219 
Electric  Light   Wires,  25,  bl 
133, 151. 

Electric  Motor 167,  351 

'Electric  Power. .  ..61,  367,  411 

Electric  Register 7 

Electric  Taauiug 115 

Electric  Welding 7,  132 

Electrical  Conductors 151 

Elec'rical  Discoveries 432 

||]]ecbrical  Engineering...,  26 

Electrical  Industry 203 

Electrical  Progress 24,  335 

Electrical  Society Ill 

Electricity   on    Comstock,  44 

61. 
Electricity,  Danger  from,  .253 
Klectriciby.  Futu-e  of. .  .7,  367 
Electricity  va.  Horses  383,  417 
E'ectricity     and     Legisla- 
tion  185 


Bed,  Rest  in. 

Beea'  Sting 

Belgium,  Travels  in.. 

Bicycle  Tires  

Bis  Tree  for  Fair 

Binding  Twine 

Blackmailers;  Mining 
Blacksmiths 


42 

395 

203 

181,  284 

96 


Block  System,  Electi  ic  — 167 
*Blue  Canyon  in  Winter.. 116 

Blues,  Cure  for 253 

*Boiler  Coil 116 

Boilers...... 

Bolt  Manufacture. 184 

Book-Maklcg  in  Japan  —    6 

Borland.  Archibald Ill 

Bridge,  Ancient 185 

Bridge,  Bosphoius 235 

Bridge,  Building 2()? 

"^Bridge,  Economical 147 

Bridge,  Forth    253 

Briquette  Icduatry 114 

British  Columbia  Mines.     ^°° 

Brittle  Bodies    

Bronze,  Malleable 

Building  As=o  iatinns... 

Biiildiugin  S.  F 

Building  Materials  

Buildi  ig.  Resouance  of, 


Electricity    and    Mechau- 


.235 
Electricity  in  Mining.. 115,  146 

Electr  city  from  Coal 433 

Electricity  and  S  earn 285 

Electricity  on  Skin 31^ 

Klectri  ity,  U  es  of 151 

Electricir.y    Wbat  It  Is,  ...115 
Electrifying    Steam    Jet,  150 
151. 

Electro-Magnetism 166 

Elkhorn  Mioes 187 

Emery  Wheels 184,350 

"Eugiues,  Compound 37 

'E  giues,  Coiliis 145 

"Engines,  Reagan  Vapor. ,     I 
Engines,  Thompson. .279,  287 

Engineering,  Ancient 77 

Eucalvptus 285 

Evolution 76 

Eye 166 

F 

Fainting 113 

Files 252 

Fire-Proof  Buildings 187 

Fshas  Food 202 

Fishes'  Speed 


Bullion  Product  of  1889. 

Bullion  Shipments,  U,  32, 
122.    14n,    156,    162,   174, 
217,    242,  258,  274,  290,  356 
365. 

Butte,  Montana ISO 


153J Flint  Glass... 
235  Flooring 


F.  0.  B., 
Fogs,  Dispersing,, 
Foodaud  Health., 
Forestry  Reform  , 


Cables  for  Cable  Roads.... 427 
Calaveras  Co.  Mines.. 2,  3,  394 
Californians  ou  Atlautic..l29 
California  Gold  Mines  .... 
Canal  Across  It  aly 43 


.  .60,  366 
218 


Canal,  Lake  Erie 
Canal.  Manchester — 
Canal,  Niagara  Falls. 
Candies,  Adulterated, 
Canulever  Priociule, . , 
Tar  Axles,  Testing,.. 

Car  Wheels 

Car,  Steel 

Castle  Crag  Boulders 

Casf.iug  and  Forging 382 

Caacades,  Gold  in 412 

CasBiiU  Process 146 

*Caved  Mine,  Reopening,  109 

135. 

Cement.  New 132 

Census-Taking  265 

Carro  Gordo  District 3B5 

Charleston,  The  Cruiser  .  .110 
^Chemical   Laboratory 

University 19.29 

Chest  Deve'opnient 219 

Cliimueys,  Factory ...  133,  28t 

Chinese  Euuiueers 351 

Chinese  in  Idaho 34,  39," 

Chinese  Language 368 

Chinese  Mines 134 

Chinese  Miners 335 

*OIay  Slate  Rocks 63 

Clouds  at  Night 21? 

Coal,  British  Columbia. ...ISO 

Coal.  WasbingtoQ 146 

Cocoanut  Butter U5 

Coke  and  Charcoal 318 

Coking,  Cause  of 350 

Colormlron 'i"" 

Color  of  Man , 

Co  ors.  Composition  of 
"Colorado  Canyon,    197,    205 

213,  22  J,  263,  270,295,  302. 
Colorado  Canyon  MineB...320 
♦Colorado  Geology  ""  "" 

Colorado  Mines ....._ 

*Oollar  for  Pans 187 

C  jmetock  Bullion 296 

Comstock  Lode 214,305 

Comstock   Management, 

400. 

Comatock  Milling 305 

Comstock  Salaries 45 

'"•Concentralor  Holland. ..337 
Concentrator,  Woodbury..  20 

^Concentrating  Mill 55 

Cone  Scales 434 

Copper 

Copper  Bearings 281 

Copper,  Old  Dominion 162 

Copper,     Moniaua    and 

Michigan Ill 


Fossils  in  Oregon 6 

Foundries 42 

Foundries  at  Sonora 314 

Friction 268 

Furnace,  Hi ukle's  377 

Furudce,     Hydro-carbon 

Assav 385 

Furnace,  Melting 392 

Furnace,  Reverberatory.,  63 

G 

Game,  American 184, 


30n 


Copper  ateara  Pipes. .  . , , .  24 

Copperopolls 92 

*0  wona,  Theory  of 255 

Cortex  Mines 141 

Cough  Remedy .7 

Counterfeiting..., 

Cruis  rs.  New 

•Cvuohe-,  Taylor's. 

Currents,  El. ctrical 43 

D 

■■Dam,  Bear  Valley 271 

*Dam,  Wa'nut  Grove.  153,  154 
Dams,  Dauger  iu  Building,  3^4 

Dea  b.  Fear  of 

Debris  CoTomisaiouers 

Deserts,  Continental 219 

*Dltchc3,   California  Min- 
ing  127 

*  Illustration. 


....234 
,.151,  219 

97 

30 

305 

..314,418 


,   42 


Germany,  Travels  in 20 

GermTneory 167 

Geological  Phenimenon  ..331 

Gifts,  Phenomenal 24 

'Glaciers 3^3 

'Glacier,  Mount  Ly all 411 

•Glacial  Gravel  Baaks,..  ,271 

Glass,  Uubteakabla 133 

Glass.  Red 133 

Gle"dale,  Montana 428 

Gold,  California 57 

Gold  Belt  of  No.  C..1..394,395 

419.  428,  429. 
Gold     Deposits,     Cost   of 

Working 336 

Gold  iu  Gravel Ti 

Gold  Mill  71 

Gold  Mining  in  Cal..' 368 

Gold  Nuggets 162 

Gold  Panning  Machine  ...  56 
■'Gidd  Placers  of  Califor- 
nia, Deep  (see  also  Gold 
Belt),  231,  237,  249,  ^55 
2 -.4,  271.  28'),  2^6,314,  315 
330,  331,  337,  347.  353,  361 
362,  378,  384. 

Gold  Product  314 

Gold  Quartz,  Ta=ting,  281,  287 
Goldiu  Suspension... 116,  137 

Gold  Where  Poimd 168 

Golden  City  Mine... 110 

Granite  Gompos'tion 199 

'Granite  Quarries 127 

ijravel  Channels 72 

Gravel  Crnshiug 181 

Gravel  Mines  of  Cal,  (see 
Gold) 

Gravitation 284 

Griudstone  Splittiug 301 

Gulf  Stream 24,  97 

Guna,  Fog  Signal 218 

H 

Hailstones 332 

Hamme  s 300 

Handy  Lists  of  Literature,  193 

Harbor  Appropriatiocs 270 

Hardware 150 

Haul,  Ling  and  Short 163 

Healtn  Items,  7,  25,  61.  76,  99 
11%  132,  151,  167,  1S\  203 
219,  235.  253,  269,  285.  301 
319,  33  ,  331,  367,  383.  399. 
416,  4J3, 
Health  of  State,  61,  132,203 
285.  351.  433. 

Hematite  Ore 21 

Hoist,  Li<lgerwood 179 

Holland .  Travels  in 38 

Honduras  Mines 72,  248 

Horse  PoHBil 184 

H"rhe  Nails 24 

Housetops,  Playground  ou.253 

Hydraulic    Mining  320 

Hvd  aulic  Mine,  Trees  on,  377 

Hydrauheking  Slides 135 

Hypnotism 301 

I 

•Ice  Arch 361 

"Ice,  Greenland 3'i3 

Ice  Period 23-i 

Iceberg  Dust 252 

Idaho  Mines $1 


PAtJE, 

Incandescent  Lights 42 

Industrial  Notes,  138,  199,  215 

238,   280,   281,   305, 

403. 

Industrial  Situation 116 

Insects  in  Drugs 132 

lustiact  and  Skill 366 

Inventors,  Duping.... 302,  377 

Inventors  and  Labor 184 

Inventors'  Rtwards,  337,  168 

201. 

Inventions,  German 234 

Inventive  Progress  114 

Iron  in  Architecture. ..j., 252 
Iron,    Ameiicaa,    in 

gland 

Iron  Buildings 166 

Iron  in  Census 366 

Iron  in  East 

*Irou  Ore,  Concentrating. 

*Iron,  Pig,  Pa  terns 

Iron  Sands 180,  334 

Iron  Ships 132 

Irrigation  on  P  ubiic  Land3,l47 
315,  346,  378. 

K 

*Kern  Co,  Garden 57, 

Kern  Co.  Mines 296 

Knots  and  Milei 25 

L 

La*>or  Demand 137 

Labor  Fallacy 115 

Lacquer,  Japanese 116 

'Lamp  Burner,.Zander's.,271 
Land  Clearing  Machine. ..  24 

Lauder  Cj.  Mines 346 

*La  Porte,  View  from 255 

^Lake  Eleanor. ". . .  .40 

La  Grippe 43,  76.  234 

Lead  Tariff 236 

Lead-Silver  Ores,  8,134, 236,302 

L^adville 56 

"Leon,  Market  Place 18 

Levee  Building 281 

Liberty  D  strict 39 

*Lick  Telescope,  Eye-Piece,161 


Peltou  Wheel, 246, 286, 315, 335 

Peruvian  Mines 2 

*' Peruvian  Minings  lt,9.27.28 

Phonographs 42,  416 

Pickle- 23 

Pig,  Scotch 395 

Piping  Milk 115 

Pipe  Making 416 

Pi  man.  Flexible 132 

Placers  of  CaUfornia  (see 

Gold) 
Placer  Co.  Resources.  ..72, 146 

Plate  Glass 114,284 

Pneumatic  H.  R 2^3 

Poicelain  Clay 72 

Postal  Teleg  aph 133,  181 

Professors  aod  Mines. 110 

Property  Rights 119 

Pump  and  its  Cussedaess,  116 

Pump,  Electric  Rotary 271 

'^Puuip,  Pohle's  Au--Lift,  161 

168,  336, 

^-ump,  Worthinghon 313 

Pampioi^  Economical 252 


Quicksa 
Quicksilver, 


er,  o«...   O^nJy^ 


PAGE, 

Vallejo,  Death  of  Geu 59 

Varuey,  Thos 134 

Ventilation  of  Mines. 384 

^Vineyards.  California 331 

Volume,  Close  of 434 

w 

'Waluut  Grove  (See  Dam) 

War  Ships 150 

Washingcon'a  Birthday 13: 

Water  Pipe.  New 26£ 

** Water  Storage.,  146.  413.429 

Watersjionts 

Waves,  Hight  of 

Wi  alth.  Increase  of 76 

Weight,  Standard 26 

Whalers... 
Whetstone 
White  Lead  Production.. .150 

White  Pine  Gold 230 

Wires,  Drawn 318 

Wires,  Underground 77 

Wires,  Uses , 

Wood  Bending 189 

Woolen  Manufacture 198 

i-a-Eair,  336,  352,379 


PAG  a. 
Dental  Elevator,  D.   Sid- 

dall 333 

Dental  Plugger,  H.  Cragie,119 

Derrick,  W.  B.  Pless 47 

Design,  H.  T.  Crocker 397 

Design,  L,  N.  Beauchemin.415 
Diphtheria  Remedy,  L.  M. 

Pier  ou 397 

Discharge  Door  for  Steam 

Digesters,  P.  P.  DuodoD,  47 
Dish  Washer,  T.  A,  &  H. 

W.Pudan 317 

Distances,   Measuring,   H. 

Eruken 317 

Double  Tree,  M    B,   Mor- 

.101 


R 


o^o^^r«^:»^:?r90T  Mineral 


Ex- 


230. 
*'Lidgerwood  Hoist ....  179,  281 

Life,  Love  of 36 

Light  Indoors 319 

Light  without  H  at 97 

Light  aud  Sound 2S'l 

Lifting  Mines 98 

Locomotives,  Compound.. 396 

Loudon,  Vi-^it  to 9;; 

Longevity 367 

Luminous  Paint 61 

M 

Machine  Tools 137 

Magnetism. , 132 

Magnetism  of  Metals 47 

"Magnetic  Concentrators. .  91 

Magnetic  Iron  Sands 22 

Mahogany 189 

•Marble  Quarry 179 

Marine  Eugineeri'g 3,^1 

Miirtin  White  Suit 5? 

'Marshall  Monument,  i54,  321 

"Munzani'a 363 

Masonry,  Elastic  ty  of 254 

Measurements  and  Manip- 
ulations   300 

Measure.  Standard  of 

Mechanics'  Institute  Fair, 
153,  221,  302,  320,  418. 

Mechanical  Drawing 224 

Mechanical    Foolhard  ' 

ness 350 

Mechanical      Improve 

raents 

Mechanism,  Human 184 

Medicine , 417 

Meetings  and   Elections,    11 

47,  75  95. 
"•Melting  Furnaces.. 

Mesmetiim 

Mi'ial  Dfcuration... . 

Mesquite  Beau 

Microbes , 

Micrometer,  Electric 

Milk,  Po wd'Ted IRO 

Mill,  Day's  Quanz 201 

'"Mill.D-dge 320 

'MiU,  Dry  Silver 91,96 

"MiU,  Gold 71 

*MiU,  Hiukle'a 229,  236 

"Mil,  Wet   Crushing  Sil- 
ver  329 

"Milling     Ores    on    Com- 
stock  400 

Miue  Inspection 92,  141 

Mine  Timbers 133 

Miners  at  Butte 4 

Miners'  Tools 119 

"  Miner's  Wife  " 163 

Minerals,  Exhaustion  of  -.268 
Mining  BiU,  Ste%varfs,  72.  2H 
230,  236. 

Mining  Bureau  Report 286 

Mining  Bureau  Work 75 

Mining  Bureau   Museum,  56 

171,  337,  418. 
Mining  Co. 's  Finances 
Mining  Industry,  Illustrat- 


ing.. 


Miuing  Machinery,  Amer- 
ican  166 

Miniug  Shareholders......  27 

Mining   Shareholders'  Di- 
rectory   (see    12th    page 
weekly). 
Mining  Share  Market  (see 

12th  page  weekly). 
Mining     Shar  eholders' 

Rights 435 

Mining  Summary   (see  4th 

and  5th  pages  weekly). 
Mining  Stock  Quotations.  .336 
Mining  Stock  Speculation.  ,231 
Mining  in  1889,  78.  79,  S'X  31,  82 
Moldeis'  Strike,  161.  1S6.  204 

220,  221,  270,  286,  321,  32§,  368 
418,  434. 

Montana  Mines 81 

"Mortars,  Gold-Mill 169 

Mountain,  Moving 350 

Mount  Cory  Mill 3l>3 

Mulatos  Miue 204 

Mummies ; 43 

Municipal  Problems, ..... .181 

Music  Leaf  Turner S3 

N 

Natural  Gas 45,  46,  Vjf 

Nevada  Mines 81 

Nhw  Mexian  Mines....82,  93 

Niagara.  Power  at 11" 

Nicaragua  Canal,  1,  8,  18,  111 

221,  i95,  319. 

Nickel  Steel  24,268 

North  Pole 318 

Nuggets,  Gold 162 

o 

Oil  Barrels 163 

Oil,  Cahfmia 79 

Oil  on  Wavea 132 

Olive  in  California 93 

Olive  Oil  for  Suake  Bites.  .335 

Observat  ry,  Harvard 44 

Ocean  Waves 24 

Ores,  Dry,  Working 201 

''Ore  Pillars 1'j9,  116.138 

Oregon  M'nes 2,82,  187 

Oiygen  from  Atmosphere. 202 

Oxygen  Explosion 218 

Ozocerite 116, 162 

P 

Pachuca.  Milling  at.  ...■,.  ..400 
*Parry,  Dr.  0.  0        — 

Patent  Agents,  Swindhng, 
337. 

Patent  Improvements 300 

"Pateut-",  Notices  of  Re- 
cent (-^ee  List  of  and),  11 
29,  47,  83,  101.  119,  149,  171 
189,  201,  239,  251,  267,  271 
2S3,  317.  333,  356, 365,  381, 397 
1     415, 435. 


Rails,  Old.  

Railroad  Employes 219 

Railroad  Lauds  and  Mines,     2 
116, 

Railroad  aod  Shops 76 

Railroad  on  Tree  Tops 147 

Railroad  in  1S89 39 

Riinof  Fish 110 

Rainless  Land,  Mines  of,    2 
180. 

"Raisin  Grapes 331 

Ratta' 417 

"  Redwood  Logs 411,  419 

River  Bed  iVliuer« 70 

River  Bank  Cutting 12t 

Rivers,  ControUiDg 38,  128 

^Riveiside  Views 3 

R  ad  Work lU,  130,403 

"Rock  Breaker,  Fidton,  109, 1 19 

Rocky  Bar,  Idaho 128 

•Rolls.  Eckart 229 

Rolls,  Wild's 247 

RubbirBoots,  Mending...  147 

Ruby.  Washmgton 330 

Russia  Iron 334 

"Rye  Grass 21 

s 

Saltin  Nevada 72 

Sampling  Ores  (see  Assay). 
Sand  Blast 422 

Sandstone  Quarry 71,  213 

Sawdust,  Carbonized 61 

Scale,  Prospectors'  Pock- 
et  287 

Schools,  California Ill 

Schomcrs,  Pour  Masted.  .351 
Schuyler,  Medu,!  for  J,  D.,  72 
Scientific  Discovery.. .318,  252 

Seals 417 

*  Serpentine  Quarry 115 

Settlers,    Expelling    Sand 

from 362 

Sewing  Maohiues,  German.234 

Shaft.  Compressed 284 

Shaft,  Revolutions 319 

Shaft  in  Watery  Ground.. 336 

Shafting 137 

Shaping  Machinery 6 

"hasta  Co.  Minea,  330,  362,  335 

412. 
Sbip-building,  Local. .384,  400 

Ship  Railroad 43 

Shoe  Pegs J89 

Shop  Suggestions 167,433 

Shoup,  Idaho 110 

~ierra  City 116 

"■Sierra,  Trip  in. . . . 

3gi'i|Siemena  Steel   .., 

aq4  Silk  in  California.. 

Silver,  Advance  in 

Silver  Bill 

Silver  Coinage,163, 270, 320, 418 

Silver  Discount 18'J 

Silver  Influences 116 

Silver  Legislation.  154,  352, 434 

^Silver  Mill 91,  98 

Silver  Policy,  Windom's,  8,  26 

''ilver  Produf!t 314 

Siskiyou  Co.  Mines 39 

Slags,  Fusing  Point  of 318 

Slate  Roofitg 235 

Sleep    and    Sleeplessness,     7 

253. 

Soap  Bubbles 

Soap   Medicated  . 
Sodas,  Duties  on. 

Soot 

Sonora  Fimndry. . 
South  African  Gold 
Southern  Nevada, 

ound  Shadows  . 
Smelters  in  Colorado 
Smokeless  Powd;;r. 

Snow-Buried. 

Snow  Fall  44 

Snow  Pliw,  Rotary,  .161,  171 

Suow  Shovel,  Dope 62 

*S  ow  Shoeing  in  Sierra,    9 

10.  73. 

'Spanish  Peak 337 

Spke  Manufacture 42 

Springri,  Spmil 96 

Stamp  Collec  ors 97 

'Stanford,  J.  H 345 

■Stanley,  H.  M 24,  129 

Standurd  of  Measure 26 

Standard  of  Length 218 

■iteel 69,  U6,  97,  166,  218 

Steel  Houses 203 

!5tock-Board  Mines 93 

Stoker,  The  R.;ney,  197,  204 

263. 

Stone  Finishing 145,  153 

Storms,  The  Winter's,  62,  75 

111,  162,  163.189. 
Stbrage  Battsry,  7.    133,  219 

234,  319. 
Strike  (See  Moldera) 

Submarine  Boat    319 

Sulphate  of  Copper 114 

Sulphur  and  Sugar 42 

Supreme  Court  of  U.  S. . . .  162 
'lupt.'s  Reports,  Posting..  62 

Sunbeam  Colors 318 

SuttersFort 313 

Sutro  Tunnel 56 


"Yellowstone  Park ...  .3 

z 

Zinc,  Experience  with.. 


,.393 
..301, 


.  96 


.  95 


,.352 


..401,419 
318 

03 

302 

,  62 


185 

383 

320 

, 219 

314 

.44.  239 
320 


..203,  219 


T 

•Table  Mountain 369 

Taxes,  Real  Property 75 

Tc'chnical  Society 137,  2n4 

Telescope,  Forty-Inch 27U 

Telephone 24,  114 

Telegraph,  Suggestion  of..  61 

Terra  Cotta,  Mending 61 

Thermal  Repulsion 76 

Tide  Utilization 319 

Ties,  Steel 147,  218 

Timbersio  Mines 133 

Timber  Waste 45 

Tin-Cau  Machine 60 

Tin  Plate 234 

Tires,  Weir  of 132 

Tires,  Wide 181 

Toothache 235 

To  nadoes 398 

Tracton  Engine 110 

TrauHportation,  Cheap ....  60 

Trees,  Age  of 265 

Trees  on  Mines 377,  384 

T'ip,  A  Mining 162 

Trusts  aud  Combines,  39,  50 
215. 

Tuo'umno  Minns  296 

Tuipeutiue  Treatment 97 

u 

Underwear 151 

Unemployed ]  98 

Utah  Minea S2 


PATENTS. 

Aah-Ea^sket,   Portable,  E, 

J.  Lincoln 119 

Amalgamator,  0  W.  Tre- 

"  main 415 

Annunciator,  J.  Finck....  47 
Ant  Trap,  J.  L.  Sbilhuan..201 
Anvil  Attachment,  O.  M, 

King 305 

As  Head,  P.  L.  Hubbard.: 
Ax  Hammer  and  Maul,  C. 

H.  Williams ; 

Axle,  J.  G.  Kenyon 437 

Axle    Lubricator,     I.    B. 

Abraham II 

Axle    Lubricator,    R,    H. 
Axle  Nut  T.  A.  Wheeler... 437 

Paiker 149,  171 

Axle  Set,  W.  F.  Nightiu- 

..397 


Baling  Press.  W  .Butlard.  231 
Baling  Press,  N.  P.  Slate. .435 
Baseball  Glove,  G.  C.  Koh- 

ler 283 

B-id    Bottom    and  Brace, 

P  G.  Gesford.  Jr 

Belt  Tension  Device,  A.  G, 

Autlerson 415 

Beverage    Oarbouizer,    C. 

W,  Gibson 171 

Bird  Trap,  B.  Walton 47 

Bilumiuous  Rock,  Ap- 
paratus for  Reducing,  J, 

B,  Jardiue 365 

Block  Matches,  Machine 
for    Making     Wrappers 

for.  G.  Grisel 81 

Book  Rest,  W.  C.  Dow. ...  11 
Book  Induxaud  Casing,  G. 

A.  fr-itt 231 

Bottle  Stopper,  J.  M.  Scho- 

tield 101 

Box  Fastener,  Davy  &  Du- 

fau 397 

Brake  Block,  Butte  &  Ed 

monds 267 

Brake  Shoe,  N.  K.  Pear- 
son  239 

Bridle,  G.  T.  Duncan 381 

Broom-Brush     Bridle,    J. 

B.  Euteuschon     47 

BuI-*-t,  W.  A.  Htidler 171 

Bulter  Cra  e,  W.  H.  Fer- 
guson  

Butter  Maki'g,  D.  Mc- 
Grt'gory 437 

BuKgy-Soat  Protector,  J 
O.  Hamaker 233 

Burglar-Proof  Car,  J, 
Beeamaker 171 

Cable  Depressing  Mtchan- 
ism.  J.  G.  Stillmau 

Cable  R.  R.,  L.  Heyne- 
maun 

Cable  R.  R.  Cable  Tight- 
ener, J.  C.  H.  Slut 

Cable  R,  H.  Elevated,  W. 
P.  Walling 317 

Cable  Lifter, J.  C.  H.  Stut,251 

Calendar,  Y.  Paez 

Calendar  Clock,  P.  F,  Nil 
sou 119 

Caliper,  T.  Isaac 317 

Candlehtick,      Gavin 
Croomer 383 

Oau'ilrimping  Machine,  P. 
A.  Rob  ins  ...239 

Can  Machine,  Delivery 
Attachment  for,  J. 
Black 11 

Can  Head  Cutler,  A.  S. 
Wadleigh 397 

Caumn  Wheel  Remover, 
H.  R.  Eckstrom 171 

Cap,  Pillow  aud  Life  Pre- 
server. F  Frank 83 

Car,  J,  B.  Low 

Car   Axle  SeU-Oillng, 
A.  Weber 317 

Cai-  Brake  Handle,  C.  W. 
Aldtn 189 

Car  Coupling  (2)  F.  A.  Fox,239 
381. 

Car  Coupling,  C.  V.  Fran- 
cisco  267 

Car  Coupling,  A,  Lynch.  ..117 

Car  Coupling,  S.  J.  Ford. .356 

Car  Coupling,  Rigby  ft 
Reed 356 

CarLock,  E.  0,  Merrill...  189 

Car  Wheel  and  Axle,  T. 
C.  Churchman 189 

Carpet  Fasten>-r,  P.  Beam- 
ish  397 

Carriage  Jack,  T.  L.  Will- 
iams  171 

Carriage-Top  Lifter,  T.  J. 
Dysiid 297 

Carouretor,  W.  H.  Shan- 
non  333 

Chart  Stand,  Fannie  Mat- 

.119 


Check  Hook  for  Harness, 
G.  B.  Foster 137 

Chock  Block  for  Logging 
Trucks.  W.  H.  Garliek..239 

Clip  for  fiopeway,  B.  Mc- 
Intyre 101 

Clip  for  Ropeway,  R.  Row- 
laud. 189 

Closet  Attachment,  R.  V. 
Baraco 305 

Clothes. Drier,  E.  F.  Ful- 
ler  397 

Clothes  Pin,  M,  E,  Thrall.  397 

Coin-Actuated  Attach- 
ment for  Phonographs 
(2)  Gl:iS3&  Arnold 381 

"Collar  for  Pats,  T.  A. 
Wa=hburn 187 

Cooler,  A.  McDonald 239 

Copying  Drawingj.  Instru- 
ment for,  R.  W.  Whit- 
ney  119 

Concrete  Mold,  E  L.  Ran- 
Bome     251 

Cork  Puller,  E.  D.  Middle- 
kaulf 333 

Orate,  G.  T.  HaH 


Door-Hanger  Tiuck,  H.  B. 

Talbot   :Jija 

Drains  and  Sewers,  B.   W. 

M.rry lOI 

Draft  aud  Land  Gage  for 

Plows.  O.  T.  Owens 397 

Drawhead,    T.  W.  Heint- 

zelmau 171 

Drawhead  for  Cars,  0.  & 

R.  McAITee 119 

Dredger,  W.  R.  Pless 317 

Driving  Rein,  M.  S,  Dick- 

manu 171 

Drier,  E.  :^  Shaw  333 

Duplex  Ledger   Ruler,  S. 

B.Whiteside 171 

Dynamite,  E.  Judson 119 

Electric     Connector      for 
130     Brake  Hose,  Wamsley  & 

Mcintosh 333 

Electric   Railway,    T.    A. 

Evans 283 

Electric  Rotary  Pump,  E, 

L  Nichols 267,271 

Electrical     Indicator,     G. 

A.  Holt 47 

Elevated    Carrier,    W.    P. 

Walling 137 

Elevated  Gates,  Operating, 

F  N.  Hallet 267 

Engine,  Explosive  (2),  J.W. 

Eisenhuth 437 

Farm  Gate,  F.  W.  Beards- 
Ice 189 

Faucet  Filter,  F,  Bardez..317 
Feuce    Post,    Saxon    & 

James 217 

Fender  fov  Feed  Troughs, 

H.  Nisson 239 

Feed-Water  Heater,  E.  C. 

Jordan 189 

Feed  Rod  for  Ore  Mills, 

J.  R.  Brett 239 

Fiber   Cleaner,    W.    L. 

Brown 83 

Filter,  J.  G.  DivoU 83 

Filter,  E,  M.  Knight 101 

Fifth  Wheel,  H  P.  Kelley,  83 
'^ire  Hydrant,   W.    T.  Y, 

Scheuck 437 

FiT-i   Lighter,  Automatic, 

H.  W,  Borcbers 283 

It'xil.Ie   Shaft    Couph'ng, 

F.  W  Betley 101 

Floor   Tightener,     W.    P. 

King 305 

Plush  Tank,  Automatic  (2) 

A.  Mayer 305 

Fly-Finger  for  Presses,  H. 

Swain 356 

Folding-Bed  Screen,  J.  J. 

Griflin 47 

Fruit  Drier,  F.  H.  Gilbert  47 
Fruit   Drier,  W.  A.  Beck.  1S9 
Fruit  Drier,  G.   W.  Thurs- 
ton  317 

Fruit  Dri  ing  Tray.   8.  A, 

Moulton 283 

Fruit     Gatherer.     H.     D. 

R'-'aves , 333 

Fruit  Grader,  W.  0,  Hain- 

hon 356 

Fruit  Grader,  D.  D,  Jones, 239 
Fruit     Pitter,     Elkins    & 

Foreiuiiu . . , ,  3fl7 

Fruit   Fitter,    Fleming    & 

McLaughlin 251 

Fruit     Fitter     (2)    A     A. 

Kent    119 

Fruit   Fitter,   Sanguinetti 

&  Stevenson 11 

Fruit-PickiDg  Stand.  J.  C. 

Greenlow  305 

Funnel,  "Measuring,  W,  H. 

Gri8:^im 317 

Oils  Engine,  D.  S.  Reagan, 251 
Gas  Engine  (2),  Barrett  & 

Daly 437 

Gasohne  Engine,  Barrett  & 

Daly 437 

Gate,  J.  W.  Bain )19 

Gate.  A.  W.  Edwards U 

;ate,  P.  J.  Johnson 381 

Gate,  John  Mason 437 

Gate,  W   B.  Wible 217 

CJate,  W.  A.  Pierce 189 

Gai  er  Boot,  O.  Schrordpr  189 

Grooving    Head,     Adjust-  ' 

able,  Mattbewd  ft  Qniu- 

lan 217 

Guiding   Attachment    for 
Agricultural  Imple- 
ments, 0.  Packard,  149,  171 
Gold-Saving     Apparatus, 

O.H    Eagley 83 

Gold    Saving    Device,    C. 

Trafton 437 

Grain    Separator,    W.    L, 

Gilsou 415 

Guns,  Device  for  Leaving 

at  Any  Augle.  J.  Kelly.  .317 
llau'  Restorer,  W.  Crooks,l49 

171. 
Hammer    Handle,    M.  E. 

'Reilly 36^ 

land  Truck,  S.  Harps.... 333 
Harupss,  F.  T.  Livingston,    11 

Harness,  J.  C.  Simp  on 437 

Harrow,  J,  H.  Hanson 365 

Harrow,  H.  L.  Mick  171 

Harrow,  W.  H.  Sterling... 333 
Harrow  and  Culivator,  A. 

C.  Brown  83 

Harvester,  J.  ft  W.  Pater- 
son 11 

Hasp     Lock,    Descalzo    ft 

Mortimer  47 

Head   Rest,  Tourist',    H. 

A,  Bond 397 

Header  Brake,  Hincbcliff 

ft  Hall 415 

Heating   Apparatus,  J. 

Rice  189 

Hinge  for  Window  Sashes, 

G.  D.  Crocker 1]9 

Holdback  for  Vehicles,  W. 

Lansing  119 

Hop    Drier,  W,  J.  Leech- 
man 47 

Hop   Picker,    Peterson   & 

Olark 3'7 

Hoot  Trimmer,  A.  M.  Rob- 
erts  333 

Horse-Ohe citing  Device. W. 

P.  Smith 47 

Horse-Clipping     Machine, 

E.  A.  Cochran 317 

Horseshoe,    E.    ft  P.  Ma- 

loney 365 

Hose  Coupling,  B.  Frank- 
lin .....         282 

Hydrant  Coupling,  S.   M. 

Hackley 29,   47 

Hydrocarbon    Burner,    J. 

H.  Whitburn 47 

Hydrocarbon       B  u  r  n  e  r. 

Averyft  Smith 381 

Hydraulic    Motor,  H.    P. 
Christiansen 381 


Crib.  L,  A.  Mackenzie 4:^71  Ely podermic    Syringe,    W. 

Cultivator,  S.  T.  Likens...  83     W.Hitchcock 30o 

Cut-Off  for  Compound  En-       Ice  Machine,  J.  0.  Kitton,  239 
giue,  J.  W.  Eisenhuth. .  .435  Incubator,  B.  W.  S.  Clark,  251 


PAGE. 

Injector  Oil  Burner,  E,  H. 

Thompson 437 

Insulating  Compound,    J, 

E.  Williams Il9 

lucrustat'on     Preventive, 

J.W.  MitcheU  

Joiirnal-B  o  x     Protector, 

H.  S   Pugrtley 149,  171 

Key     Fastener,     W.    W, 

Hitchcock 305 

Keyhole  Guard,  G.  A.  Cav- 

alii 43' 

Knife  Cleaner,  J.  Thomp- 
son   47 

Knife-Box  and  Rubber  for 
Printing  Presses,  W.  H. 

Eager 189 

^I*amp  Burner,  L.  Zander, 

251,  271. 
Latch    and    Lock,    H,    O. 

Hooper 119 

Lawn    Mower   Grass    Re- 
ceptacle, C.  Buchm idler. 365 
Lawn    Sprinkler,     A. 

Kent 217 

Leak  Stopper  for  Vessels, 

W.  Winchester 11 

Leather  Bearing,  Willert  ft 

Zc'ger 437 

Life  Preserver,  O,  Quest..  47 
LifMpg     Goods      from 

Shelves.  J.  H-  Jeffrey. .  .119 
Lung-Testing  Toy,  8.    H 

Pratt 317 

Marker  forStone Work.  E. 

K.Snutb 267.283 

Match  -  Making    Maohme, 

Grisel  &  Severlo 437 

Metallic  Roofing,  H.  And- 
erson    47 

Metallurgical    Apparatua, 

W.  H.  MuBssr ; 

Milk-Cooler,  W.    W.    Con- 

der  435 

Miners'     Candlestick,     G, 

Peterson H 

Miter-Box,  F,  V.  Carman. 119 
Miter-Box,  J,  E.  Bundy.  ..317 
Mixer  tor  Explosives,  W. 

R.  Quiuan 356 

Mixing  Apparatus,  G.  W. 

Swan 149,171 

Monkey  Wrench,    M.    B. 

Carey 356 

Motion.   Transmitting,  J. 

W.  Eisenhuth 119 

Musical    Notation,    C.    0. 

Kropp ,..416 

Mustache  Holder,  W.  H. 

Masterman 11 

Mu«ic  -  Leaf    Turner,    D. 

S  huyler 437 

Music    Stand    and    Port- 
folio, V.  Moore 201 

Necktie      Fastener,       H, 

Bercbling 171 

Non-conducting  Covering, 

J.  L.  Stillmano 35fi 

0,it  Huller,  L.  0.  Dibert. .  47 
Ocean  Motor,   I.   S.  Gold- 
man    47 

Oil  Burner,  J,  F.  Beals. .  .171 
Oil-Can  Holder,  H.  Reno. 217 
Ore-Crusher,  G.  W.  Woller.415 
Ore  Feeder,  O.   B.    Bing- 
ham  

OreFeedor,  P.  Hinkle.lOI,  119 
Ore  Feeder.  L.  D.  Craig... 335 
Ore  -   Feeder,    Loftus     & 

Booth 415 

Ore  Mill  (2)  F.  A.   Hunt- 

inRt,on 101,  3=i6 

Ore  Mill,  0.  B.  Bergham.  .437 

Ore  Mill,  W,  C.  Stiles 217 

Orchards,  Laying  Out,  J. 

B.  Youut 171 

Overshoes,  R'^taining  De- 
vice for,  J.  A,  Patton...305 
Packing  for  Stuffing  Box- 
es, Get-hell  &  French... 283 
PackingforStuthDe-Boxea. 
Euslga  &  Wright  ......  ,437 

Pendulum  Bar  Treadle,  E 


A.  Cochran 171 

Permutation  Lock,  A,   H. 

Van  Pelt ..119 

photographic  Shutter, 

R,  Tr  go 189 

Pian'vSounding  Board,  A. 

J,  Dewing 83 

Pile  Covering,  H.  Ander- 
son  83 

Pipe,  J.  P.  Culver... 
Pipes,     Coating,      J. 

Hooker 283 

Plow,     Reveraible,    E. 

Gerow .^  251 

Plug  for  Wash  Basins, 

F.Jones 317 

Polishing  Powder,    E. 

Eells , 

Powi  V     Transmi'  ter, 

VauBabo  101 

Pneumatic  R,   R,,  W. 

Clennam 201 


.171 


,  W. 
....2! 
H, 


PAGE. 

Ships'  Armor,  I.  B.  Abra- 
ham  101 

Shin-Loading   Device,   W. 

F.  Mils 201 

Sbirt,  F.  Batter  29,  47 

Shoe  Lacer,  A.  C.  James.  ,171 
Shoe  Thrashor,  H,  Brj'an..47 
Singletree  Hook,  A.  Scott, 365 
Sliding  Bashes,  Device  for 

Swinciog,  S,  R.  Dea<^on.U9 
Slop  Hopjjer,  Overflow,  E. 

W.  WiUiaras 381 

Snap  Hook,  N.  Olsen...  .397 
Snow    Excavator,    D.     B. 

Bier 267 

Sofa    Bed,     Newhouse    ft 

Hansen 365 

Spreader  for  Draft  Chains. 

S.  P.  Windson 331 

Spike  Machine,  L.  W.  Ee- 

tea  437 

Rpike  Machine,  8.  Uren  .  .381 
Spittoon,  A.  P.  Brown....  83 
Sprinkler.  J.  Oswald.  267,  283 
Spray  Pump,  A.  W.  White,  11 
Spud  and  Cage  for  Dredg- 
ers, A.  P.  Payson 29,  47 

Station  Indicator,  M.  An- 
thony (3) ..117 

Stamp      Oanceler,     W . 

Groth 47 

Steam    Generator,    L.    E. 

Fish 415 

Steam  Motor  for  Pumps, 

H.  O.  Beatty 239 

Step  Ladder,  E.  Harter, .  .251 
Steering-Wheel    Carriage, 

D.  Beat 149,  171 

Street    R.  K.    Car  Truck, 

W.  M,  Gary 239 

Street-Sweeping  Machine, 

S.  F.  McDill    ..333 

Street-S  weeping      Ma- 

cliine.  M.  C.  Rohichau..3B6 
Stump  Extractor,  G.  Har- 

^vey 283 

Stump  Extractor,  J.  Man- 

„flon 35(i 

Submarine       Exploration 
Apparatus,       Calvin 

Brown.... 333 

Su^ar  Caue  Slicer,  J.  N.  S. 

WilUams 119 

Surf  Power,  J.  Ringer....  47 
Sulpho  -  Chlorinated    Or- 
ganic Compoundp,  Neu- 
tralizing, A.  Souimer.  ..  83 
Syringe,    A.     E.    Charles- 
worth 397 

Tag-Holder,  S.  Baumann,  11 
Tapping  Sheet-Metal  Vea- 

sels,  0.  H.  James 217 

Teler>hone  Mouth-Piece, 

Whitney  ft  Cowles  ...  ..171 
Telephone.  J.  O.  H,  Stut,  333 
Telephone,  J.  C.  Ludwig. .  .365 
Tension  Device,  J.   C.  H, 

Stut 251 

Thiil     Coupling,     I.     N. 

Woodle 101 

Thrasher,  B.Holt 119 

Thrasher,  J.  E.  Beach..  ..333 
Ticket  H'  Ider  for  Marking 

Goods.  S.  Baumann 239 

Time-Piece    Dial,    W.   W 

Barratt 381 

Tobacco  Pipe,  C,  D,  Wel- 

dou 201 

Tonga  for  Holding  Plow- 

sfiare.  I.  W.  Cox 101 

Top-8pinuiDg     Appliance, 

F.  E.  Williams 119 

Tool   Sharpener,     A.     H. 

Richirdson 239 

Track  Gage,  J.  J.  Griffin..  47 
Traction  Engine,  J.  Price,  101 
Trauaom  Lifter  (2)  J.  Kel- 
ley  83 

Trademark.  Calhi8troCo..l7I 
Trademark,  H.   W.   Mcln- 

tyre        239 

iTaiemark,  Xicavi  t  &  Tan 

Alstone 251 

Tread  for  Wheels,  J.  Will- 
iamson,   437 

Tuning  Pin  for  Pianos,  H. 

MuUer 119 

Turntable  Mechani-^m. 

Watriss  &  Hoyuemanu,  11 
Turntable.  Clement,    Wa- 

trisa  ft  Heym-mann 356 

Type  Writer.  H,  O.,  Hoop- 


Turntable,  J.  C-  H.  Stut. .  .267 

Umbrella  Attachment,  M. 
Dattlebaura 239 

Valve,  Cut-Off,  C.  W. 
Newman i7l 

Valve,  Steam, W,  Gtbring,267 

Valve  Gear  for  Fluid 
Rama,  J.  Parker 83 

Variable  Crank  for  Veioci- 
pedi'S,  H  E.  Lewis 171 

Vapor  Mad  Iron,  Young  ft 
Middlfckauff 437 

Vehicle,  J,  Heilrath 251 

Vehicle  Seat.  J,  Heilrath,  251 

Veil  Fastener,  Adams  ft 
Trynn 355 

Vent-Stopper  for  Ord- 
nance, J.  Kt  Hey 317 

Ventilator,  P.  Abraham- 
aon 11 

Ventilator  for  Shoes,  P. 
Welauder 47 

Ventilator  and  Center- 
Piece  for  Ceilings,  D 
f>'Leary I19 

Ventilating  Outlet  for  Re- 
frigerators, L.  Schaffer,  283 

Visual     Annunciator    for 
Call-Boies.    P.    Seiler.  149 
171. 

Vineyard  Plow,  J.  A.  Bilz,  II 

Wagon  Brake,  N.  A. 
Wheeler 415 

WaOrng  Machine,  J.  B. 
Sohn 437 

Wines,  Agiug,  L.  Wagoner. 415 

"Warn  Winder,  H.  Glm- 
mini 356 

INCORPORATIONS 

Accumulation  and  Invest- 
ment Co 402 

lamadf*  M.  Co 402 

Alnska  Coal  Co U 

Alaska  M.  ft  M.  Co. ...32,  402 

Amador  Canal  Co 381 

American    Gas   Governor 

Co 242 

American  Press  Ass'n   of 

Cal 422 

Anti-Caloric  Co 402 

Antelope  Ranch  Co 283 

Apollo  Cons.  M.  Co 11 

Asphaltum  Pipe  aud  Sub- 
way Co 208 

lacon  Land  and  Improve- 
ment Co 333 

Bedbury    Balance   Slide 

Valve  Co 283 

Behring  Sea  Packing  Co..  32 

Benicia  Br  ck  Co 32 

Belvidere  M.  Co  95 

Belvidere  Improvement 

Co 217 

Belvidere  Land  Co 349 

Blue  Lakes  Water  Co 283 

Brunswick  Con   M.  Co 50 

Bush  aud  AfallettCo 242 

Calaveras  Big  Trees  Co. .  .283 


Printers'    Galley,     W.    S. 
K'-dgers 

Propeller,  R.  Stevenson. .  _ 

Pulverizer,  Centrifugal,  J. 
Behm 189 

Pulverizer  and  Concentrat- 
or, J.  W .  Helwig 29,  47 

Quartz  Mill.  J.  F.  Fair- 
tidd ] 

Rail-Climber  for  Vehicle 
Wheela,  L    A.  Turner..  .251 

Railroad    Track- Lay  ing 
Machine  (2)  G.  Roberts. .283 

Railway  Rail  Joint,  E.   J. 
Byrnes 

Railway    Rail    J oio t,    P. 
Kelley 

Railway  TiB  Metal,  P 
Robs 

Railway    Switch,     C. 
Ohm 239 

Rock    Breaker  (2)    M.  B. 
Dodge 101 

''Rock    Erfaker,    Spiers  & 
Booth 101,  109 

Rope  Clamp,  J.  Weigel....239 

Rotary  Joint,  W.  F.  Burna, 
149,  171. 

Ruler   and  Pencil  Shari'- 
ener,  J.  T.  Hazlett 47 

Sack  Detacher,  L.  Martin. 101 

Suck  Holder,   A.  McDon- 
ald  305,317 

Safety    Bolt    for   Whiffle- 
trees,  P.  H.  Flynn 137 

Sail,  John  Cook 267 

Sand-Box  for  Water  Con- 
duits C.  N.  Eari 397 

Sash     Balance,    B.     Mar- 
shall  119,  168 

Sash  Fastener,  D,  O.  Liver- 
more 83,  201 

Sash  Fastener,  J,  8,  Turn- 
er  201 

Saw  Guide,  T.  Roberts.... 267 

Saw  Setter.  B  Mclntire. . .  47 

Sawmill  Set  Works,  R,  E. 
Nevin 267 

Sawdust   Burner,    F.     W. 
Caok 149,171 

Scour  ng     Composition, 
HoUoway  ft  Frey 11 

Sowing    Machinu,     T.     J. 
Daniela  356 

Shaft,  Vehicle,  W.  Hollo- 
way 317 

Sheave,  W.  H.  Birch 283 

Shell    for     High     Eyplos- 
ives,  A.  W.  VonSchini.dt.l89iCalIforuia    Adamaut    and 

Sheet  Metal  Folding  Ma-      I    Phuster  Co 242 

chine,  S.  F.  Woorlworth.305;Cahforuia  Camera  Club, .  .283 

Shifter  for  Gang  Edgers,       iCalifornia  Elecrric  Trana- 

S.  H.  Pratt 149.1  ll    fer  Co 317 

{Continued  on  page  440.) 


STATE 

BOOI  BINDERY. 


1889.