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I  LIBRARY  OF  PRINCETON 

JAN  I  5  2003 
THEOLOGICAL  SEfl'INARY 


Digitized  by  the  Internet  Archive 
in  2015 


https://archive.org/details/missionarysurvey7419pres 


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THE  MISSIONARY  SURVEY 


Wade  C.  Smith,  Editor. 


•  Published    monthly    by    the    Pi-esbyterian    Committee    of    Publication.    «-S    Xorth  Sixth 
Street,  Richmond,  Virgrinia.  Single  subscriptions,  75  cents  a  year;  in  clubs  of  five  or  more, 
i  50  cents.  Entered  as  second  class  matter  at  Richmond.  Va..  u'nder  the  Act  of  March  3.  1877. 

Vol.  VII.  APRIL,  1917.      »  No.  4 


CHRISTIAN    EDUCATF  X    AND   MINISTERIAL  RELIEF: 

Our  Present  Nop'I.-j    243 

The  Old  Book    244 

President  Wilson  ami  Milii.'Jterial  Itelief    245 

Think  of  Tnese  Tnins;    245 

Literaturo  on  Ministerial  I^ducation  and  Tracts  on  Call  to  Mini.^tiy  and 

Mis.sicin  Service    246 

Preparedness  for  the  Kingdom    246 

Why  Do  We  Wait?    247 

THE  WOMAN'S  AUXILIARY: 

Christ's  Victory    248 

On  Being  a  13elegatp.     Elizabeth  Elliot   248 

A  (lood  Deleg-ate    25'0 

The  Woman'.s  Auxiliary  in  the  I^cical  Church   250 

How  Do   You  Do'.'    252 

"Just  Among  Ourselves"    252 

Year  B<M.k  for  1917-18    25a 

Some  Fruitful  Communications    25S 

HOME  MISSION'S; 

"Gaininff  the  Houi."  ,   254 

My  Master    255 

The  Renaissance  of  the  Mountains.    Rev.  Edwin  Vance  Tadlock   255 

Vision,  and  Versicjn.     Rev.   D.  M.   Smashey   257 

"A  Voice  from  the  Crowd"  of  Presbyterian  Home  Mission  Superin- 
tendents.    Thos.  13.  Talbot   258 

An  Awakened  People.    Jonathan  C.  Day,  D.  D   26U 

Answered  Prayers,     iliss  Luella  O.  Bariickman   262 

"It  Is  Required  in  Stewards."    263 

ilountains  of  Opportunity.     Rev.  Roy  Smith    264 

The  Mountains — Yesterday.  Today,   and  Tomorrow.     Rev.   C.  Groshon 

Gunn   -   260 

The  Church  School  at  the  Center.     Rev.  J.  F.  Menius   268 

Can  You  Tell'.'    27U 

Report  of  Treasurer  of  Assembly's  Home  Missions,  February  28,  1017..  270 

Stimulating  Home  Missionary  Hooks    271 

Senior    Home   ilission    Program    for   April,    1917.     Miss    Barbara  E. 

Lambdin    272 

Mission  School  Snapshots    27" 

THE  JUNIORS 

Mrs.  Van's  Button  Box    27;< 

Thine  Own  To  Be    275 

Junior  Home  Mission  Program  for  April,  1917.      Miss  Barbara  E. 

Lambdin    275 

Little  Homes  in  the  Mountains    2V6 

Jimbo,  a  Brave  Young  Citizen  of  Africa.  Mrs|  Mary  Lou  Stock  well ...  .  276 
Junior   Foreign    Mission    IMogram    for   April,    1917.        Miss  Margaret 

McNeilly    277 

FOREIGN  MISSIONS: 

Monthly  Topic — Africa   :  ,   278 

Our  Congo  Mission    282 

Missionary  Education  in  the  Sunday  School.     The  Seven  Y'ear  Plan. 

Third  Y'ear — Congo.     Jno.  1.  Armstrong   283 

"Lubuku."    C.  T.  Wharton    284 

Plan  for  Organizing  a  Sunday  School  Into  a  Bakuba  Kingdom.  Ethel 

Taylor    Wharton    286 

Scene  at  Lukenga's  Court.     Ethel  Taylor  Wharton   2<8 

A  Visit  to  Luebo.     Mr.  and  Mrs.  H.  P.  Anker   289 

"They  That  Watch  for  the  Morning."     C.  T.  Wharton   290 

Impressions  of  Luebo.    E.  B.  Stilz   292 

Some  Experiences  in  the  Work  Among  the  Natives  of  Central  Africa. 

Ml-.  Edhegard    293 

Some  Striking  Facts  Concerning  Our  Africa  Work.     W.  F.  JIcElroy.  .  294 

A  Visit  to  Mukden,  Manchuria.     Rev.  S.  K.  Dodson   295 

The  Military  Situation  in  China.     Dr.  L.  S.  Morgan  ,   297 

Notes  From  Hangchow  College.    Mrs.  J.  M.  Wilson   300 

Scholarships  ffi  Ameiican  Colleges  for  Mexican  Youths.     Rev.  H.  L. 

Ross   302 

Death  of  Jlrs.  T.  L.  Harnsberger.     Rev.  C.  N.  Caldwell   305 

Rev.  Robert  Allan  Haden.     Rev.  J.  H.  McNeilly   305 

Do  You  Know'.'  ^   307 

Personalia    308 

Senior    Foreign    .Mission    Program    for   April,    1917.        Miss  Margaret 

McNeilly    313 

Comparative  Statement  Foreign  Mission  Receipts   313 

V     PUBLICATION  AND  SABBATH  .SCHOOL  EXTENSION: 

Memorizing  the  Shorter  Catechism    314 

How  Quickly  Comes  the  Fruit    315 

The  One  Way  to  "Assimilate"  the  Foreigner   316 

Subscribers  Please  Notice   316 


The  Missionary  Survey's  Campaign 
for  50,000  Subscribers 

The  Goal:  A  Subscriber  in  Every  Presbyterian  Home.  Every 
Church  on  the  Honor  Roll.   Is  Yours  There? 
"  SURVEY  WEEK." 

made.    Do  not  let  Api'il  pass  without 


W 


ERE  LOOKING 
TQ  IT 


ARE  YQU 


This  is  a  reproduction  of  the  2- 
color  cover  on  folder  sent  to  all 
Secretaries  of  Literature,  ten 
days  before  "Survey  "Week," 
contain  suggestions  and  direc- 
tions. 


When  tliis  magazine  reaches  subscrib- 
ers, "Survey  AVeek"  will  have  passed— 
that  is,  if  you  put  it  through  on  sched- 
ule time.  March  11  to  18.  If  for  any 
reason  you  did  not,  let's  htwe  the  Cifn- 
vass  for  renewals  and  new  subscrij)- 
(ions  in  April  without  fail.  Write  to 
the  Richmond  oHice  I'oi-  particulars  and 
secure  extension  of  special  "Survey 
Week"  preuiiniu  oUVrs.  if  such  can  l)e 


a  thorough-going  canvass  of  the  con- 
gregation for  subscriptions. 

There  are  two  interesting  features  in 
the  Honor  Eoll  Race  this  month. 
First,  South  Carolina  moved  up  from 
83  in  the  percentage  column,  passing 
Arkansas  at  85  and  landed  at  90,  to 
share  second  place  with  Missouri.  This 
was  brought  about  by  two  South  Car- 
olina churches  —  McBee  and  Well- 
ford — getting  on  the  Honor  Roll  with 
an  average  of  one  subscription  (or 
better)  to  every  five  members.  The 
interesting  question  now  is:  "Will 
Missouri  stand  for  it?"  Or,  "will  South 
Carolina  continue  the  upward  climb 
toward  Florida's  'first  place'  at  137?" 

Second,  Texas  made  a  spurt,  moved 
up  from  50,  forged  past  North  Caro- 
lina and  Virginia,  at  53,  and  landed 
on  54,  nestling  close  up  under  Ken- 
tucky's 55.  All  we  have  to  say  is : 
■'Kentucky,  watch  out !"  Texas  is  hard 
to  stop  when  she  gets  started.  The  two 
Texas  churches  bringing  this  about  by 
getting  themselves  on  the  Honor  Roll 
are  Wharton  and  Somerville. 

The  Honor  Roll  percentage  column 
now  stands:  Florida,  137;  Missouri, 
00:  South  Carolina,  90;  Arkansas,  85; 
W-  Va.,  78;  Mississippi,  59;  Kentucky, 
55;  Texas,  54;  North  Carolina,  53; 
Virginia,  53;  Alabama,  40;  Oklahoma, 
-■^9;  Tennessee,  36;  Georgia,  36;  Lou- 
isiana, 20. 

This  is  made  up  before  the  results 
of  "Survey  Week"  are  known,  but  it  is 
not  unlikely  some  sharp  changes  are 
being  effected,  and  next  month's  per- 
centage column  will  bristle  with  inter- 
est. One  cannot  help  wondering  if 
Florida  will  be  allowed  to  hold  that 
magnilicent  lead,  or  what  if  Alabama, 
(Oklahoma,  Jennessee,  Georgia  and 
Tiouisiana  should  have  discovered  their 
()pi)ortunity ! 


Address  All   Communications  Relating  to  Make  All  Remittances  to 

this  Department  to  j^^^  Stites  Teeasuber 

Rev.  Henry  H.  Sweets,  D.  D.,  Secret aby,  .        .  ,  , 

122  Fourth  Avenue,  LouisvnxE,  Ky.  Fifth  and  Market  Streets,  Louisvn,LE,  Ky. 


OUR  PRESENT  NEEDS. 


FOK  many  years  we  have  been  car- 
rying over  a  balance  of  from  ten 
to  fifteen  thousand  dollars  to  pay 
the  beneficiaries  of  Ministerial  Eelief 
(luring  the  first  quarter.  For  the  year 
1016-17,  however,  our  balance  was 
$10,000  short. 

While  we  have  greatl}-  increased  the 
Endowment  Fund  this  year,  only  the 
interest  from  this  Fund  is  available 
for  use  and  this  will  not  accrue  until 
at  least  six  months.  The  last  quarterly 
paj^ment  to  the  beneficiaries  of  this 
Fund  must  be  sent  March  31,  Our  ac- 
count at  the  bank  in  this  department 
was  already  overdrawn,  and  we  had  to 
borrow  $5,000  to  meet  this  payment. 

About  the  middle  of  February  we 
sent  the  third  payment  to  the  302  can- 
didates for  tlie  ministry  who  hail  ap- 
plied for  a  loan  of  $100  each  from  the 
Funds  of  Education  for  the  Ministry, 
including  the  j'oung  women  at  the  As- 
sembly's Training  School  and  those 
who  are  preparing  themselves  for  the 
medical  mission  fields.  This  overdrew 
our  acciiunt  at  bank  about  $5,000.  We 
have  now  >vnt  out  the  last  installment 
of  $'25  each  and  our  account  is  still 
further  overdrawn.  Appreciating  the 
great  importance  of  keeping  the  funds 
contributed  by  the  Church,  we  wrote 
to  each  one  of  tliem  asking  if  it  would 
l)e  pcssilile  to  get  through  the  yeai- 
without  the  last  $30.  Almost  without 


exception  they  stated  that  on  account 
of  the  high  cost  of  living  it  would  be 
impossible  to  complete  the  year's  work 
without  this  additional  help. 

At  the  beginning  of  the  year  we  ex- 
pected to  be  able  to  make  loans  from 
the  Student  Loan  Fund  to  26  girls  and 
40  boys.  They  entered  college  expecting 
to  receive  this  money.  Our  receipts  in 
this  department,  however,  have  fallen 
very  short  this  year  and  we  have  been 
able  to  let  them  have  only  $75  each. 
Many  of  them  are  writing  that  they 
will  possibly  have  to  leave  college  be- 
fore the  close  unless  they  can  secure 
the  extra  $25. 

Under  normal  conditions  we  would 
expect  to  receive  enough  to  pay  all  of 
these  claims  before  the  close  of  the  ec- 
clesiastical year.  We  greatly  fear,  how- 
ever, that  many  of  the  churches  who 
have  contributed  to  the  Endowment 
Fund  will  think  that  they  have  met 
their  obligation  to  this  work  and  will 
not  contribute  further  to  the  general 
cause.  Please  remember  that  the  Gen- 
eral Assembly  has  declared  that  the 
Endowment  Fund  of  Ministerial  Relief 
"should  be  regarded  as  an  opportunity 
for  special  liberality,  rather  than  as  a 
part  of  the  regular  budget." 

The  General  Assembly  has  urged 
that  14  per  cent,  of  the  amounts  con- 
tributed to  the  General  Assembly 
causes  be  forwarded  for  Christian  Ed- 


The  Missionary  Survey. 


[April,  19171 


ucation  and  Ministerial  Relief  in  the 
year  1916-17. 

We  are  still  hoping  and  praying  that 
by  March  31,  a  sufficient  aniouiU  will  be 
in  our  Treasury  to  completely  wipe  out 
-  onr  obligations.  We  have  in  the  past, 
pursued  the  policy  of  never  borrowing. 
On  account  of  the  great  stress  we  ha\  e 
had  to  lay  upon  the  securing  of  the 
increase  in  the  Endowment  Fiuul.  how- 
ever, we  have  felt  that  it  woidd  not  be 
right  to  scale  the  amounts  appropria- 
ted either  to  the  beneficiaries  of  the 
Ministerial  Relief  Fund  or  to  the  stu- 
dents. "We  are  fully  convinced  that  our 
decisicm  in  this  matter  will  be  upheld 
by  the  whole  Church. 

Our  hearts  ai-e  filled  with  grateful 
ap2:>reciati<)n  for  what  (lod  has  dene 
for  us  this  year.  A^'e  also  want  to  again 
express  our  thanks  to  those  who  have 
so  sympathetically  and  faithfully  co- 
operated with  us. 

THE  OLD 

WHILE  Rev.  Billy  Sunday  was 
holding  his  meeting  in  Bos- 
ton, Mass.,  on  November  25th, 
Col.  William  Jennings  Bryan  entered 
the  Tabei'nacle. 

The  crowd  immediately  called  for 
an  address  from  him  and  Mr.  Sunday 
insisted  that  he  should  speak. 

The  following  report  of  his  remarks 
was  made  in  the  Bostcm  Evening  Rec- 
ord of  November  27th : 

"This  audience  recalls  a  day  in  my 
life,  42  years  ago  and  more,  when  I 
Avas  a  high-school  boy,  for  I  was  only 
14  when  I  became  a  member  of  a 
Christian  church  by  conversion.  I  look 
back  to  that  day  as  the  mcist  imi)<  r- 
tant  day  of  my  life.  It  has  had  far 
more  to  do  with  my  life  than  any  other 
day.  and  the  Book  to  which  I  swore 
allegiance  on  that  dax  has  been  more 
to  me  than  any  i)arty  platform. 

I  share  in  the  joy  you  give  to  tln' 
older  generation  in  coming  tonight  to 
put  your  heart^  luider  tlie  influenre  of 
a  great  appeal. 


To  supply  the  needs  of  our  faithful 
ministers,  who.  with  self-denying  y5eal. 
have  given  themselves  to  the  i)Oor  mis- 
sion fields  of  the  Church  untd  they 
have  been  forced  on  account  of  sick- 
ness or  old  age,  to  retire  both  from 
labor  and  from  income,  is  merely  to 
meet  one  of  the  most  solenm  and  seri- 
ous claims  that  can  be  presented  to  the 
Church.  To  assist  in  preparing  strong, 
spiritual  leadership  for  our  Church  is 
but  to  obey  the  command  of  God  and 
to  prove  ourselves  wise  statesmen  in 
these  times  of  national  and  Avorld-wide 
opportunity  and  responsibility. 

We  earnestly  hope  that  churches, 
.Sunday  schools  and  societies,  at  the 
urgent  retpiest  of  the  General  Assembly, 
will  oive  their  serious  consideration  to 
all  of  these  matters,  during  the  montli 
of  Ai)ril  which  has  been  set  aside  for 
the  study  of  Christian  Education  and 
Ministerial  Relief. 

BOOK. 

Students,  if  you  will  count  the  books 
which  you  will  have  to  study  before 
you  complete  the  prescribed  course  you 
will  find  that  it  takes  a  multitude  of 
books  to  train  the  human  mind;  and 
when  you  have  studied  them  all.  that 
mind  is  but  the  agent  of  .something 
greater  than  the  mind  itself.  The  mind 
is  but  the  instrument  used  by  the  heart, 
and  it  takes  only  one  book  to  train  the 
heart  that  ought  to  be  the  master  of 
the  mind. 

All  your  books  will  not  save  your 
life  from  failure  if  your  heart  goes 
wrong;  if  your  heart  goes  right  it  can 
take  a  head,  however  dull,  and  make  it 
useful  to  society. 

You  come,  therefore,  to  hear  some- 
thing more  important  than  they  teach 
in  the  school,  ^'ou  come  to  learn  a 
truth  that  ought  to  enter  into  the  mind 
and  sink  down  into  the  heart  of  every 
student,  namely,  that  there  is  no  rea- 
son why  anv  i)oy  or  girl  should  ever 
make  a  railni-e  of  life. 

.Vll  your  leai-niug  will  not  kee|)  you 


Christian  Education  and 
Ministerial  Relief 


The  Missionary  Survey. 


245 


from  failing.  Learning  has  no  power 
to  save  a  human  life  from  sin.  You 
come  tonight  to  consider  the  claims 
of  a  Book  that  can  save  you,  that  can 
add  to  every  joy  that  comes  through 
the  body  or  the  mind,  that  can  refine 
every  pleasure  known  to  the  physical 
man  or  to  the  mental  man. 

You  have  come  tonight  to  learn  of 
that  larger  life  into  which  the  great 
evangelist  will  invite  you  as  he  pre- 
sents to  you  the  only  Book  that  is  good 


always  and  everywhere — the  book  that 
will  guide  your  footsteps  when  you- 
are  young  and  throw  light  upon  your 
path  during  mature  years,  and  the  only 
Book  one  cares  to  have  beside  him  as 
the  evening  of  life  approaches."  • 

This  message  is  especially  timely  as 
during  the  year  1917  all  the  Eeformed 
Churches  are  celebrating  the  Quadri- 
Centennial  of  the  Reformation  by 
seeking  to  endow  Bible  chairs  in  all 
their  Colleges. 


PRESIDENT  WILSON  AND  MINISTERIAL  RELIEF. 


THE  following  letters  were  writ 
ten  by  President  Woodrow  Wil 
son,  the  son  of  Rev.  Joseph  R 
Wilson,  D.  D.,  who  for  so  many  years 
was  the  Stated  Clerk  of  the  Southern 
Presbyterian  Church: 

"I  take  pleasure  in  expressing  my 
very  deep  interest  in  tlie  effort  which 
you  represent  to  obtain  an  endowment 
Avhich  will  suijply  the  means  of  pen- 
sioning aged  preachers.  This  is  a  mat- 
ter in  which  I  have  long  had  a  great 
interest,  for  I  have  seen  so  manv  cases 


which  demonstrated  the  necessity  of 
such  action.  "Cordially  and  sincerely, 

"WoODROW  WlT^ON.'' 

''The  sentiment  I  express  is  very  ear- 
nestly entertained,  and  I  am  heartily 
in  sympathy  with  the  work  the  various 
denominations  are  doing  for  pension- 
ing the  aged  or  infirm  ministers  of  the 
gospel.  I  wish  I  could  write  a  disqui- 
sition on  the  subject,  but  it  is  impossi- 
ble and  you  are  much  better  qualified 
to  write  it  than  I.  I  can  only  say,  Amen  I 
"AYooDROw  Wilson."' 


THINK  OF  THESE  THINGS. 


IX  READING  '-A  Brief  (^ourse  in 
the  History  of  Education,"  by 
Paul  Monroe,  who  is  recognized  as 
one  of  the  greatest  authorities  on  this 
subject  in  the  world,  one  is  startled  by 
this  statement  on  page  four  hundred 
and  two. 

"One  of  the  ])resent  tendencies  gives 
rise  to  a  new  educational  problem,  and 
at  the  same  time,  solves  an  old  (me. 
The  complete  secularization  of  schools 
has  led  to  the  complete  exclusion  of 
religious  elements  in  ])ublic  education, 
and  the  very  general  exclusion  of  tlic 
study  or  even  the  use  of  tlie  Bible  and 
of  all  religious  literature.  Thus  the 
material  that  a  few  generations  ago 
furnished  the  sole  content  of  elemen- 
tary education  is  now  entirely  excluded 
and  tlie  probleui  of  religious  education 


is  presented.  Little  attemi)t  at  solution 
is  being  made  and  little  interest  seems 
to  be  aroused.  The  problem  for  the 
public  school  teacher  comes  to  be  quite 
similar  to  that  presented  by  the  Greek 
philosophers,  to  produce  character 
through  an  education  that  is  dominant- 
ly  rational  and  that  excludes  the  use  of 
the  supernatural  or  religious  element, 
'or  our  schools  we  have  definitely  re- 
jected revealed  religion  as  a  basis  of 
morality  and  seek  to  find  a  sufficient 
basis  in  the  development  of  rationality 
in  the  child.  Thus  one  most  im])ortaift 
phase  of  education  is  left  to  the 
Church  and  the  home,  neither  of  which 
is  doing  nuich  to  meet  the  demand." 

Of  course.  Dr.  Monroe  is  speaking 
here  of  oui-  fhconi  of  education.  We 
thank  God  that  our  pract'icc  does  not 


The  Missionary  Survey. 


[April.  1917] 


wholl}^  conform  to  the  theory.  Some  of 
the  most  Godly  men  and  women  in  the 
Ignited  States  are  at  the  head  of  our 
great  institutions  of  learning.  The 
principles  of  Jesus  are  guiding  their 
lives  and  the  love  of  the  Savior  is  ra- 
diating from  their  hearts.  Many  of 
these  leaders,  however,  have  in  the  past 
been  trained  in  the  Christian  schools 
and  colleges  of  America  where  they 
have  received  instruction  in  religious 
truth.  This  has  been  "the  salt"  that  has 
helped  to  save  the  day. 


What  a  stinging  rebuke  the  last  line 
of  our  quotation  should  be  to  the  heart 
of  every  Christian  man  and  woman. 
What  a  clarion  call  it  should  be  to 
everyone  who  believes  in  God  and  the 
Divine  I\evelation,  to  see  that  the 
Church  recognizes  the  danger  and 
meets  to  the  fullest  extent  its  obliga- 
tion. During  this  Quadri-Centennial 
year  of  the  Reformation  our  interest 
and  prayers  and  financial  assistance 
should  pour  into  our  Christian  colleges. 


LITERATURE  ON  MINISTERIAL  EDUCATION  AND  TRACTS 
ON  CALL  TO  MINISTRY  AND  MISSION  SERVICE. 


The  following  leaflet  literature  on  these 
subjects  may  be  had  on  application  to  the 
Secretary,  122  South  Fourth  Avenue,  Louis- 
ville, Ky. 

For  Parents,  Pastors  and  Teachers: 
The  Responsibility  of  the  Church  for  an 

Adequate  Ministerial  Supply  and  How 

It  May  Be  Met— A.  B.  Curry,  16  p._-$  .02 
Prayer  for  Men  for  the  Ministry — W.  H. 

Marquess,  16  p.    .02 

Religion  ill  the  Home — Walter  W.  Moore 

24  p.    .02 

He    Who    Contributes — Rev.    Benj.  M. 

Gemmill,  Ph.  D.,  6  p.   .02 

I  Write  Unto  You,  Fathers— Cleland  B. 

McAfee,  12  p.    .02 

For  Girls: 

The  Voices  of  Girlhood  Series — Mil- 
dred Welch.  8  leaflets,  each  4  p.   .05 

For  Young  Boys: 

A  Pocket  Full  of  Gems — "A  Chance  for 
Boys"  Series — 8  leaflets,  each  of  4 
p.  By  Mildred  Welch    .05 

The  Boy  Scout  Series — By  Mildred 
Welch.  8  leaflets   .05 

The  Boy  Who  Was  Called— Rose  M. 
Wells,  8  p.    .02 

His  Gift  to  the  King— Mildred  Welch 
4  p.    .01 

For  Young  Men: 

The  Ministry:  A  Challenge  and  an  Ap- 
peal to  Christian  Young  Men — W.  H. 
Marquess.  24  p.    .02 

Every  Man's  Life  a  Plan  of  God — Bush- 
nell,  14  p.   .02 


Shall  I  Enter  the  Ministry?— Edwin  P. 

Burtt,  8  p.    .02 

What  Is  to  Be  Your  Life  Work?  Why 

Not  the  Ministry? — By  A.  M.  Fraser, 

8  p.   ^   .02 

The   Choice  of  a  Vocation — Thornton 

Whaling,   14   p.    .02 

The  Cisterns  for  the  Fountain — J.  M. 

Vaiidor  Meulen  24  p.    .02 

Also  some  smaller  leaflets  hy  the  Secretary, 
viz.: 

Personal  Message  Concerning  the  Great- 
est Need  of  the  Kingdom  Free 

Making  Money  for  God  Free 

Rules  of  the  General  Assembly  Govern- 
ing Candidates   Free 

Loans  to  Candidates — Repaid  by  Service 

to  Church   Free 

Suggested    Program    No.    5 — Program 
for  Meeting  on  Education  for  the 

Ministry    .02 

Leaflets  selling  at  $.02  each  are  furnished 
at  10  cents  a  dozen  or  $1.00  a  hundred. 

Those  selling  at  $.05  each,  are  50  cents  a 
dozen;  $3.00  a  hundred. 

Any  of  the  above  will  be  sent  free  of  cost 
to  our  own  Presbyterian  boys  and  girls 
whose  names  and  addresses  are  forwarded 
to  the  office. 

A  limited  supply  will  also  be  sent  free  of 
cost  to  pastors,  parents  and  teachers  to  en- 
close in  letters  or  give  to  the  youth  of  our 
Church. 

Henry  H.  Sweets, 

Secretary. 


PREPAREDNESS  FOR  THE  KINGDOM. 


T 


inff 


IIP]  Church  of  God  today  can 
learn    inan}^    lessons    from  the 
statesmanlike  ])hins  that  are  be- 
formed         the   various  (Jonciii- 


ments  of  (lie  world 


Especiall}'  is  this  true  with  regard 
to  the  work  of  recruiting  tlic  officers 
of  the  rank  and  Hie  of  the  arniie>.  In 
the   niiirning   papers  (d'   I )fcenil)er  7, 
•rJiC),  the   Si'cretarv   <>f   Wai'   of  the 


Christian  Education  and 


The  Missionary  Survey. 


247 


l  nited  States,  in  writing  on  Prepared- 
ness, made  the  followino-  suggestions 
concerning  the-  Xational  Preparatory 
Schools : 

"I  venture  to  believe  that  if  the  Fed- 
eral Government  were  to  establish  in  a 
number  of  places  throughout  the  coun- 
try, schools  preparatory  to  the  military 
academy  at  West  Point  and  the  Xaval 
Academy  at  Annapolis,  in  which  the 
rudiments  of  a  sound  education,  the 
elements  of  mechanical  skill,  the  princi- 
ples of  business  co-ordination  and  the 
beginnings  of  military  science  were 
taught,  these  schools  would  develop 
the  natural  aptitudes  of  the  students 
in  such  a  way  as  to  supply  those  fittest 
l)y  temperament  and  talent  to  i)ursue 
in  the  military  academy  and  the  naval 
academy  the  study  of  military  science: 
and,  incidentally,  these  schools  would 
furnish  a  great  body  of  men  returning 
to  civil  life  fitted  by  training  either  to 
respond  in  an  emergency  to  a  call  to 
the  colors  or  to  take  their  places  as 
civil  soldiers  in  the  service  of  the  Gov- 
ernment in  those  industries  and  nn- 
dertakings  fundamental  to  the  success- 
ful conduct  of  military  operations. 

"The  suggestion  here  made  ought  not, 
perhaps,  to  be  further  elaborated  in 


this  report,  but  I  think  it  will  be  ap- 
parent on  reflection  that  no  expendi- 
ture in  contemplation  of  a  great  mili- 
tary emergency  would  be  more  apt  or 
helpful  than  one  which  gave  to  2."),- 
000  or  30,000  young  men  the  inspiration 
(if  industrial  education  at  the  hands  of  ' 
the  Government,  indoctrinated  them 
with  the  spirit  of  service  to  their  coun- 
try and  tabulated  them  so  that  they 
would  be  always  available  for  either 
the  military  or  industrial  service  which 
their  academic  experience  indicatetl 
most  in  accordance  with  their  apti- 
tudes." 

Could  the  Secretary  of  War  have 
given  a  wiser  suggestion  to  the  Chris- 
tian Church  than  that  contained  in  the 
above?  Will  the  Church  be  able  to 
draw  into  the  ranks  of  her  ministry, 
men  suitably  prepared,  unless  she  care- 
fully and,  even  at  great  i  self-denial, 
maintains  her  own  institutions  of 
learning?  May  she  not  in  the  future, 
as  in  the  past,  expect  that  from  her 
Christian  colleges  there  will  come  not 
oidy  "more  apt  and  helpful"  ministers 
and  missionai'ies.  but  a  large  number 
of  leaders  in  every  de]:)artment  of  her 
work  '"indoctrinated  with  the  spirit  of 
service"  to  their  church? 


WHY  DO  WE  WAIT? 


AVhy  do  we  wait  till  ears  are  deaf 
Before  we  speak  our  kindly  woi'd. 

And  only  utter  loving  praise 

When  not  a  whisper  cau  l)e  heard? 

Why  do  we  wait  till  hands  are  laid 
Close-folded,  pulseless,  ere  we  place 

Within  them  roses,  sweet  and  rare. 
And  lilies  in  their  flawless  grace? 

Why  do  we  wait  till  eyes  are  sealed 
To  light  and  love  in  death's  deep 
trance — 

Dear  wistful  eyes — before  we  bend 
Al)Ove  them  v  ith  impassioned  glance  ( 


Why  do  we  wait  till  hearts  are  still 
To  tell  them  all  the  lo\  e  that's  ours, 

And  give  them  such  late  meed  of  praise. 
And  lay  above  them  fragrant  flowers? 

How  oft  do  we,  careless,  wait  till  life's 
Sweet  opix  rtunities  are  past. 

And  break  our  "alabaster  box 
Of  ointment"  at  the  very  last? 

O,  let  us  heed  the  living  friend 

Who  Svalks  with  us  life's  conunon 
ways, 

^^'atching  our  eyes  for  look  of  love, 
And  hungering  for  a  word  of  praise  I 
— 7?r?7/.v/i  Wcelly. 


TTIEWOMAMS  AUXILIARY 

OF  the: 

PRESBYTERIAN  CHURCH  INTHEU.S. 

■  OUR  COMMlSSlON'Go^c  into  all  the  world  and  preach  the  Gospel  to  every  a'caturcd 


Mrs.  W.  C.  Winsbobouqh,  Stjpt.  and  Editor,  Corner  Peachtree  and  Tenth  Streets, 

Atlanta,  Ga. 

"That  in  all  things  He  might  have  the  Pre-eminence." 


CHRIST'S  VICTORY. 

'  7V.S  loell  tJiaf  h'asfer  Bells  ring  onl  ^ 
In  memory  of  our  risen  Lord; 
In  Him  alone  our  hope  doth  rest, 
His  lore  we  sing  with  one  accord. 
^Vhen  He  arose  Deathh  cruel  seal 
Was  hroken  for  hath  you  and,  me  ! 
"  O  death where  is  thy  sting?    O  grave, 
WHERE  is  thy  victory T 

Allied  A  Wioht  Driscoll. 

Manatee,  Fla. 


ON  BEING  A  DELEGATE. 

Elizabeth  Elliot. 


WE  HAVE  all  heard  ^that  it 
takes  three  generations  to 
make  a  gentleman.  So  a 
good  many  preliminaries  go  to  the 
making  of  the  ideal  delegate.  If  she 
is  not  thoroughl}'  informed  about  the 
past  and  present  history  of  the  mission 
Avork  of  her  church,  it  will  be  well- 
worth  her  while  to  ac(juire  a  working 
knowledge  of  at  least  the  fmidamentals 
before  she  goes.  She  will  pick  up  no 
end  of  information  during  the  meet- 
ings, but  es'ery  item  of  this  can  be  used 
to  better  advantage  if  she  has  con- 
structed a  skeleton  on  which  to  build 


these  and  into  which  a  vital  spirit  can 
be  breathed.  Therefore,  send  for  your 
Board's  report  and  get  posted  in  ad- 
vance. 

Many  years  ago  I  heard  a  missionary 
from,  the  Laos  tell  of  a  lady  who  said 
to  her  privately  after  her  talk,  "I  will 
give  you  $20  for  your  work,  if  you 
will  tell  me  where  Laos  is  and  not  tell 
anyone  I  a.sked  you."  Just  put  Laos — 
or  its  proper,  up-to-the-m  o  m  e  n  t 
name^and  Elat  and  Allahabad  and 
Kuweit  and  Nanking  and  Pyengyang 
and  soma  other  notable  places  on  your 
mental  map  before  you  go,  so  that  they 


The  Woman\ 
Auxiliary 


The  Missionary  Survey. 


24!) 


Avill  not  sound  like  the  famous  Mrs. 
Jellaby's  Boi'rioboola  (xha  to  you  when 
_vou  hear  allusipns  to  tlieni. 

The  more  you  know  about  what  is 
doing  in  typical  centers,  the  more  read- 
ily you  will  recognize  the  n  imes  of  the 
Avorkers  in  each  place  as  they  are  men- 
tioned and  the  more  keen  will  be  your 
interest  in  an^'  of  the  workers  who  ap- 
pear at  the  gathering. 

AVhen  you  get  this  interest  you  will 
soon  find  that  with  it  you  have  ac- 
quired enthusiasm.  Unless  the  dele- 
gates have  an  enthusiastic  spirit,  how 
flat  and  dull  the  programs  seem  I  I 
have  been  to  Presbyterial  meetings 
where  one  after  another  rose  when 
called  upon  and  said,  more  or  less  in- 
audibly,  "We  have  received  so  much, 
expended  so  much,  have  a  balance  in 
the  treasury  of  so  many  dollars  and  so 
many  cents."  How  the  listeners  come 
to  loathe  that  "balance  in  the  treas- 
ury!" Vt'e  want  mone}^:  everywhere 
money  is  needed :  but  that  is  only  one 
I'esult  to  work  for.  To  be  a  good  del- 
egate you  must  not  only  get  figures 
and  statistics  into  your  head,  you  must 
get  the  spirit  of  the  meeting.  To  do 
this,  it  is  essential  that  you  feel  your- 
self really  a  i)art  of  it.  Do  not  let 
yourself  even  mentally  say.  "they"  did 
thus  and  so:  say  "we"  did  it. 

I  do  not  know  of  any  surer  way  of 
killing  one's  interest  in  any  co-opera- 
tive gathering  than  to  straggle  in  late, 
skipping  the  devotional  half-hour, 
coming  in  to  distract  others  and  to  try 
to  pick  up  threads  yourself  after  the 
program  is  well  under  way.  You  don't 
like  to  make  yourself  conspicuous,  so 
you  sit  down  on  the  outskirts,  and  you 
complain  that  women's  voices  are  in- 
audible. I  suppose  if.  on  your  way  to 
Areoi)agus.  you  had  stopped  at  the 
tailor's  to  try  on  your  new  r/ilfoii.  and 
had  thme  a  few  othei-  en-ands  so  as  to 
get  your  mind  thoroughly  into  tlie 
outside  atmosi:)here,  and  if  you  arrived 
on  Mars  Hill  late  enough  and  stood 
far  enough  out  on  the  edge  of  the 


crowd  and  had  enough  complicated 
]:)lans  for  calls  and  luncheon  and  mati- 
nee to  fit  in  after  you  left  there,  you 
wouldn't  have  been  absorbingly  inter- 
ested in  St.  Paul  himself.  Come  to  the 
assembly  promptly  and  stay  until  it 
is  over. 

Stop  your  ears  to  the  siren  call  of 
the  shops ;  be  deaf  to  the  lure  of  public 
buildings:  of  motor  rides  to  see  the 
town ;  of  luncheons  and  lingering  chats 
with  outside  friends.  Concentrate  I 
Do  yourself  what  you  think  the  whole 
body  of  delegates  ought  to  do.  Be  in 
your  place,  ready  to  use  your  own  wits 
to  make  the  occasion  a  success  and  your 
presence  of  value.  Consider  the  prob- 
lems discussed  as  carefully  as  you  do 
the  dining  room  paper.  Don't  be  afraid 
to  say  Avhat  you  think.  You  need  not 
bob  up  every  minute  or  be  so  "numer- 
ous" that  every  one  dreads  the  sound 
of  your  voice,  but  quietly  take  for 
granted  that  your  opinion  is  worth 
the  weight  of  one  woman's  opini(m  and 
that  you  are  there  to  give  it. 

Go  with  an  open  mind,  so  as  to  get 
the  benefit  of  what  other  women  think. 
D(m't  irttrench  yourself  behind  a 
breast woi'k  of  what  "our  society"  has 
always  done.  Perha])s  you  have  for 
years  combined  home  and  foi'eign  mis- 
sions or  devoted  to  each  a  separate 
meeting.  You  have,  from  as  far  back 
as  you  can  remember,  held  safe  and 
sane  meetings,  where  you  took  turns 
reading  aloud  (but  not  too  loud)  in- 
structive letters  and  papers.  Your 
women  would  think  it  silly  to  have 
poems  recited,  dialogues  or  debates, 
truths  presented  to  the  eye*  as  well  as 
to  the  ear  by  the  use  of  anv  dramatic 
form.  It  is  true  that  our  Master  put 
vital  truths  into  a  story  or  a  parable, 
that  He  pointed  to  the  moving  pictures 
of  the  fiuttering  fig  tree  oi'  tlie  woman 
putting  her  money  into  the  collection 
box.  His  miraculous  demonstrations, 
too,  were  most  spectacular.  But  your 
women  might  say,  '"Who  are  we  thai 
we  should  imitate  Him  T' 


•250 


The  Missionary  Survey. 


[April,  1917] 


To  bring  back  a  message  that  will 
pay  them  for  sending  yon,  it  is  yonr 
business  to  "stop,  look  and  listen,"  to 
begin  at  the  beginning  and  stay  to  the 
end.  Stop  at  the  literature  table,  at 
the  exhibits;  take  time,  don't  just 
■  glance  at  them  as  you  pass.  Look  for 
neAV  ideas,  for  old  material  never  used 
in  your  societ}',  for  material  used  and 
re-used,  but  which  can  be  freshened  up 
till  it  looks  as  new  as  your  last  year's 
hat,  with  the  fresh  roses  on  it.  Listen 
to  all  the  conference  t^alk,  to  the  com- 
paring of  notes,  when  two  or  three  talk 
together,  to  the  luncheon  chat,  which 
tells  how  "we"  did  this  or  stopped  do- 
ing that.    Soak  in  information. 

Have  a  handy  but  generous  notebook 
and  a  fountain  pen  that  can  be  de- 
pended upon  to  "fount."  Make  notes 
all  the  time:  every,  word  will  recall 
something  of  value.  Many  of  these 
liasty  hieroglyphics  you  won't  be  able 
to  make  out  in  cold  blood  afterwards, 
but  on  the  other  hand,  a  line  or  two 
of  impromptu  shorthand  may  recall 
the  Avhole  insjiiration  of  Mrs.  Mission- 
ary's address. 

And  have  a  good  time  doing  all  these 
things.  Even  so  conservative  an  au- 
thority as  Isaac  Watts  tells  us  that 
"Religion  never  was  designed  to  make 
our  pleasures  less."  It  is  just  as  much 
fun  to  go  to  a  brisk,  inspiring  mission- 
ary meeting  as  it  is  to  go  to  a  stagey, 


artificial  matinee.  The  women  you  fra- 
ternize with  are  just  as  good-looking 
and  well-dressed  and  intelligent  as  the 
women  in  your  club.  And  they  have 
just  as  horizon-broadening  an  outlook 
and  just  as  keen  a  flair  for  a  good  joke ! 

Do  not  be  thinking  all  the  time  of 
the  report  you  must  give  when  you  get 
back.  Your  mind  will  be  getting  so 
saturated  that  you  will  simply  have  to 
give  it  a  squeeze  when  the  time  comes. 
When  the  time  does  come  to  talk  to 
your  society  (and  may  it  be  as  soon  as 
possible),  clo  not,  before  j'our  audience, 
struggle  to  decipher  hasty  notes.  Go 
over  these  in  private,  decide  what  to 
tell  and  what  it  is  no  use  to  try  to  tell ; 
classify  and  systematize.  Do  not  give 
a  catalogue  of  names  as  informing,  but 
as  uninteresting  as  a  dictionary;  do 
not  tell  what  chapter  Avas  read  and 
what  hymn  sung;  do  not  say,  "This 
was  wonderful,"  or  "That  was  thrill- 
ing;" try  to  tell  why  it  was  so. 

Catch  the  spirit  of  the  gathering  and 
try  to  give  it  to  others;  waste  no  in- 
terest on  petty  details.  Tell  about  the 
missionaries  themselves,  their  personal- 
ity, their  message.  Try  to  kindle  in 
the  women  who  did  not  go  a  spark  of 
that  electric  en,thusiasm  which  comes 
from  the  endeavor,  hand  in  hand  and 
heart  to  heart,  to  do  in  the  very  best 
l)ossible  way  a  big  piece  of  worth- 
while work. 


A  GOOD  DELEGATE 

[To  he  put  on  Blackhoard  at  Preshyterial  Meetings.) 


Delays  not  her  coming. 
Ever}'  session  finds  her  present. 
Listens  and  participates  in  all  discus- 
sions. 

Each  dav  learns  something  new. 


Gives  her  whole  time  to  the  meeting. 
Always  ready  with  a  word  of  prayer. 
Takes  in  that  she  may  give  out. 
Exemplifies  Christian  courtesy. 

Mrs.  E.  C.  Murray. 


THE  WOMAN'S  AUXILIARY  IN  THE  LOCAL  CHURCH. 


MANY  churches  are  this  month 
uniting  theii-  various  Societies 
into  a  AVonuurs  Auxiliary. 
No  constitution  h"as  yet  been  fornui- 
lated  foi-  tills  iiiiilcd  oi-oani/iiliou,  for 


the  reason  that  it  is  necessary  to  adopt 
the  plan  to  local  needs  and  an  attempt 
to  shape  all  of  these  organizations  into 
one  mould  would  decrease  efficiency 
rnthei-  than  nid  it. 


The  Woman's 
Auxiliary 


The  Missionary  Survky. 


251 


The  Auxiliaiy  ottice,  however,  has 
secured  outlines  of  various  phxns  suc- 
cessfully adopted  by  ditferent  churches, 
and  these  Ave  forward  to  societies  de- 
siring them,  that  they  may  study  each 
plan  and  cull  from  them  various  fea- 
tures adapted  to  their  own  needs. 

One  jjerplexing  phase  of  the  transi- 
tion period  has  to  do  with  adjusting 
the  financial  responsibilities  formerly 
assumed  by  the  different  societies.  The 
following  article,  therefore,  from  the 
pen  of  Mis.  T.  D.  Sherwood,  treasurer 
of  the  Woman's  Auxiliary  of  the  First 
Presbyterian  Church  of  Greensboro, 
Xorth  Carolina,  will  be  interesting. 
This  society  has  prospered  splendidly 
under  the  new  regime: 

"In  compliance  with  your  request  I 
:uu  sending  you  a  report  of  the  way  the 
finances  are  maliaged  in  the  Mission- 
ary Society  of  the  First  Presbyterian 
Church,  Greensboro,  N.  C. 

"Two  years  ago  the  Woman's  Mis- 
sionary Society,  the  Emma  Gray  Mis- 
sionary Society,  and  the  Pastor's  Aux- 
iliary, united,  forming  a  society  with 
a  membership  of  about  two  hundred 
and  fifty.  The  name  of  the  senior  soci- 
ety was  retained,  namel.y,  the  Woman's 
Missionary  Society.  In  order  to  carry 
out  the  plan  we  wished  to  adopt,  it  was 
necessary  to  unite  the  societies.  The 
next  step  was  to  elect  secretaries  for 
all  the  causes  as  recommended  by  the 
Auxiliary.  We  then  felt  we  wanted 
not  only  to  know  about  the  work  our 
church  is  doing,  but  to  train  our  wo- 
men in  the  details  of  their  finance  work 
by  letting  their  gifts  go  through  the 
society. 

"Our  church  uses  duplex  envelopes 
and  makes  an  every-member  canvass. 
With  the  session's  approval,  our  presi- 
dent appoints  a  finance  committee  from 


oui-  iuciul)or>liip,  and  they  secure  the 
pledges  in  our  Missionary  Society  for 
all  the  causes,  including  pastor's  sal- 
ary and  current  expenses.  By  putting- 
pastor's  salary  and  current  expenses  in 
our  budget,  we  only  make  one  pledge. 
These  pledges  are  counted,  and  a  re- 
port made  to  the  session,  stating  how 
much  has  been  pledged  for  each  cause. 
We  use  same  pledge  card  as  used  by 
church  and  duplex  envelopes,  but  of 
a  different  color  (church,  white;  soci- 
ety, blue).  Your  offering  can  be 
dropped  in  the  collection  plate  on  Sun- 
day, or  carried  to  the  society  meetings. 
The  treasurer  of  the  church  turns  over 
all  blue  envelopes  received  by  him  to 
the  treasurer  of  the  society,  and  she 
counts  the  money,  tabulates  it.  deposits 
it  in  bank,  and  gives  a  check  to  the 
church  treasurer  specifying  just  how 
uuich  is  for  each  cause.  In  this  way 
we  give  to  every  cause  the  church  gives 
to,  thereby  more  closely  uniting  chui'ch 
and  society.  We  do  our  own  collecting 
and  credit  each  individual  account. 

"This  is  the  second  year  we  have 
tried  our  present  plan,  and  since  then 
there  has  been  a  marked  increase  in  our 
gifts,  and  the  society,  in  making  out 
her  financial  report  for  her  Presbyte- 
rial.  can  show  just  the  amount  she  is 
giving  to  all  the  causes. 

"To  meet  the  current  expenses  of  the 
society,  and  to  enable  us  to  give  to 
anything  we  may  wish  over  and  above 
what  w^e  give  through  the  church,  we 
have  monthly  dues  of  ten  cents  per 
member.  Separate  envelopes  are  used 
for  this. 

"Our  plan  may  be  ditferent  from 
other  societies,  but  it  is  working  so 
Silt  isfactorily  with  us  that  we  gladly 
pass  it  on." 


SOME  OF  THE  SURVEY'S  GOOD  FRIENDS  may  be  wondering  why  their  mag- 
azine failed  to  reach  them  in  January,  February  and  March.  It  was  not  because 
of  failure  to  issue:  it  was  because  their  subscription  had  expired,  as  per  the  date 
shown  on  the  wrapper,  and  they  failed  to  renew.     (See  page  316.) 


252 


The  Missionary  Survey. 


[April,  1917J 


HOW  DO 

"How  can  you,  friend?"  the  Swedish  say. 

The  Dutch,  "How  do  you  fare?" 
"How  do  you  have  yourself  today?" 

Has  quite  a  Polish  air. 
In  Italy,  "How  do  you  stand?" 

Will  greet  you  every  hour; 
In  Turkey,  when  one  takes  your  hand, 

"Be  under  God's  great  power!" 
"How  do  you  carry  you?"  is  heard 

When  Frenchmen  so  inquire; 
While  Egypt's  friendly  greeting  word 


YOU  DO? 

Is,  "How  do  you  perspire?" 
"Thin  may  thy  shadows  never  grow!" 

The  Persian's  wish  is  true; 
His  Arab  cousin  bowing  low, 

Says,  "Praise  God!  how  are  you?" 
But  oddest  of  them  all  is  when 

Two  Chinese  meet,  for  thrice, 
They  shake  their  own  two  hands,  and  then 

Ask,  "Have  you  eaten  rice?" 

— H.  Bedford  Jones. 


Is  your  Society  sending  a  delegate  to  the 
Presbyterial?  If  so,  rejoice  and  call  her  at- 
tention to  the  article  in  our  Department 
this  month,  entitled:  "On  Being  a  Delegate." 

If  your  Society  is  not  sending  a  delegate, 
why  not?  Do  you  not  need  the  information 
concerning  better  ways  of  doing  things 
which  your  delegate  will  bring  back  to  you 
from  the  conferences,  talks,  addresses,  pa- 
pers, etc.,  given  at  the  Presbyterial?  Is 
your  Society  so  enthusiastic  that  they  need 
no  new  inspiration?  Are  your  members  so 
well  informed  about  Missions  that  they 
need  know  of  nothing  further  from  the 
field?  If  all  of  these  things  are  true  of  your 
Society  and  you  do  not  need  the  Presby- 
terial for  your  own  sake,  have  you  thought 
about  the  responsibility  which  such  a  Soci- 
ety must  have  toward  the  weaker  Societies 
in  the  same  Presbytery?  Is  it  not  your  duty 
to  send  a  delegate  to  the  Presbyterial  in 
order  that  she  may  take  part  in  the  con- 
ferences by  telling  of  the  splendid  plans 
which  have  made  your  Society  so  success- 
ful? 

Every  Society  in  the  entire  Church  is  in 
one  of  the  two  classes  as  regards  efficient 
work — either  they  have  something  to  gain 
from  the  Presbyterial  or  they  have  some- 
thing to  give  to  the  Presbyterial.  Therefore, 
there  is  no  excuse  or  reason  for  any  Society 
being  satisfied  with  no  representation  at  the 
Presbyterial. 


Five  years  ago  when  the  Auxiliary  was 
organized,  we  were  having  Presbyterial 
meetings  almost  every  month  in  the  year. 
These  were  held  regardless  of  the  closing 
of  the  Church  year  and  reports  were  some- 
thing "fearful  and  wonderful." 

This  year,  with  possibly  one  exception. 


every  Presbyterial  in  the  Church  meets  in 
the  Spring  at  a  time  when  the  Annual  Re- 
port for  the  Church  year  is  fresh  and  ready 
for  consideration.  The  same  uniformity  of 
meeting  is  being  applied  to  the  Synodical 
which  is  holding  their  annual  meetings  dur- 
ing the  autumn  season. 


The  Church  year  just  closed  has  seen  the 
greatest  interest  in  Mission  Study  In  its 
history. 

Our  Publication  Committee  has  sold  two 
and  three  times  as  many  text  books  this 
year  as  ever  before.  No  Society  feels  that 
it  has  accomplished  its  full  year's  work 
without  two  Study  Classes.  A  large  number 
of  Societies  have  reached  this  goal  only  this 
year.  It  is  interesting  to  note,  however,  that 
some  Societies  have  been  studying  Missions 
for  a  long  time.  Miss  Ruth  Martin,  Secre- 
tary of  Literature  of  the  First  Presbyterian 
Church  at  Shreveport,  Louisiana,  writes  that 
their  Society  has  had  a  Foreign  Mission 
Study  Class  each  year  since  1903. 


Mrs.  Geo.  D.  Booth  of  Laurel,  Mississippi, 
writes  as  follows: 

"You  will  be  interested  to  know  that 
Meridian  Presbyterial,  through  its  Educa- 
tional Committee,  has  met  its  Synodical 
share  of  Richmond  Scholarship  ($30.)  and 
has  provided  two  scholarships  of  $50.00  each, 
for  the  use  of  girls  from  Meridian  Presbyte- 
rial in  our  own  church  schools  in  Missis- 
sippi. This  makes  a  total  of  $130.00  and  most 
of  the  pledges  this  year  run  for  three  years 
and  thus  assures  us  of  funds  to  continue  the 
education  of  the  young  women  we  are  now 
interested  in. 

"Meridian  Presbyterial  suffered  much 
with  the  storm  of  last  July,  and  has  not 


llii  Witllirill'^ 
1  ii.iilinrii 


The  Missionary  Survey. 


had  the  splendid  cotton  prosperity  the  other 
sections  of  the  State  are  enjoying.  But  the 
spirit  is  good  and  the  work  is  going  for- 
ward." 


It  is  with  profound  sorrow  that  we  re- 


cord the  death  of  .Mrs.  J.  S.  Caldwell  o[ 
Fishersville,  Virginia,  President  of  Lexing- 
ton Presbyterial.  Mrs.  Caldwell  was  a  woman 
of  interesting  personality  and  rare  charm 
and  was  filling  her  important  office  with 
efficiency  and  enthusiasm. 


YEAR  BOOK  FOR  1917-18. 

ORDER  .VOW. 


Twenty-four  programs  for  the  year. 

All  the  work  of  the  Church  included. 

Twelve   carefully-prepared  Devotionals. 

Novel  and  effective  suggestions  for  adding 
interest  to  the  Missionary  Meeting. 

Subjects  correspond  each  month  with  those 
in  The  Si'kvev  and  Prayer  Calendar. 

Helps  furnished  for  carrying  out  the  pro- 
grams. 

EVERY  PROGRESSIVE  SOCIETY  SHOULD 
USE  THIS  YEAR  BOOK. 
Every  member  should  have  her  own  copy. 


Price,  .5  cents  each.  50  cents  per  dozen. 

If  the  President  or  Program  Leader  when 
ordering  the  Year  Books  will  send  one  dol- 
lar additional,  she  will  receive  each  month 
all  helps  necessary  for  the  program  of  the 
following  month  as  well  as  new  helps  which 
may  be  prepared  during  the  year. 

ORDER  NOW. 

The    Woman's    Auxiliary,    Peachtree  and 
Tenth  Streets,  Atlanta,  Georgia. 


SOME  FRUITFUL  COMMUNICATIONS. 


The  Kditor's  mall  i>  very  iiitere.^ting 
always.  Sonietiiues.  however,  it  is 
more  so  than  usual.  Here  are  some  re- 
cent letters : 

"To  The  Missionary  iiurvey: 

"My  life  counts  for  nothing  in  the  way  of 
influence  outside  my  home.  Often  I  have 
thought  of  sending  an  extra  subscription 
when  I  sent  my  own.  but  I  did  not  know  you 
would  be  able  to  use  it  as  stated  in  the  Feb- 
ruary issue.  Now  I  am  enclosing  Two  Dol- 
lars, and  ask  you  to  send  Tiu:  Si  kvey  into 
homes  where  there  are  children,  if  you  can, 
so  viy  substitute  in  Missionary  work  may  be 
influenced  to  take  up  that  life.  I  pray  it 
may  be  so." 

The  lettei'  was  unsi<>ne([.  but  there 
was  a  Two  Dollar  l)ill  in  it  and  imme- 
diately a  year'.s  subscription  began  in 
four  homes,  where  dire  neces.-ity  had 
])reviously  caused  it  to  be  regretfully 
discontinued — one  each  in  Alabama, 
(ieorgia.  Kentucky  and  Tennessee. 

"  Dear  Editor  : 

"  The  enclosed  check  is  sent  to  help  meet 
the  need  set  forth  in  the  February  Si  kvey. 
page  147.  under  the  heading:  'Did  This 
Ever  Occur  To  You?'  The  Survey  com- 
mands my  admiration." 

(Signed  by  a  gentleman  in  North  Caro- 
lina and  the  check  was  for  $1.50.) 

Three  homes,  lately  l)ereft  of  The 
SiRVEV  have  been  put  iiack  upon  the 


mailing  list,  as  a  result  of  that  letter. 

There  are  still  al)()Ut  forty  discontin- 
uances which  beiir  every  evidence  of 
l>eing  real  deprivations,  as  a  result  of 
financial  inability.  They  are  yours  to 
sup])ly.  if  you  desire  to  do  .so. 

Here  is  a  letter  from  a  country  pas- 
tor ju.st  learning  conditions  in  one  .of 
his  congregations: 

"  M})  Dear  Editor: 

"  Yours  of  the  9th  inst.  to  hand,  and  I  was 
surprised  to  learn  that  there  were  no  sub- 
scribers to  The  Missio.naky  Si  kvey  in  this 
congregation. 

"  I  immediately  got  busy  and  am  enclosing 
you  a  list  of  ten  new  subscribers  and  as  we 
have  a  membership  of  only  38,  you  may 
place  us  on  the  Honor  Roll. 

"  I  expect  D.  V.  to  go  to  S  next  week 

and  see  what  I  can  do  to  put  them  on  the 
Honor  Roll  also. 

"  With  best  wishes  for  a  greatly  increased 
circulation  of  The  Sckvey.  which  I  deem  one 
of  the  most  vital  organs  of  our  beloved 
church,  I  am, 

"  Most  cordially  and  fraternally  yours." 

Every  Pastor  in  the  Southern  Pres- 

l)yterian  Church  is  by  our  rule  entitled 

to  receive   The  Mission.\ry  Survey 

without  cost.    All  we  ask  is  that  the 

pastor  do  what  this  one  did:  look 

around  and  see  what  he  can  do  to  help 

us  get  tl»e  magazine  to  his  people. 


Rev.  S.  L.  Morris,  D.  D.,  Editor,  Miss  Barbara  E.  Lambdin,  Literary  Editor, 

Hurt  Building,  Atlanta,  Ga. 


April  Subject — Our  Southern  Mountains 

"GAINING  THE  HOUR." 


THE  location  of  Atlanta  on  the 
map  places  it  in  a  unique  posi- 
tion in  one  respect.  Towns  im- 
mediatel}^  east  of  tlie  city,  and  all 
trains  coming  from  that  direction,  ob- 
serve Eastern  Time.  Atlanta,  on  the 
border  between  the  divisions  of  time, 
observes  Central  Time,  one  hour  later 
than  sections  just  across  the  line. 

The  suggestion  has  been  made  fre- 
quently that  Atlanta  would  gain  a  dis- 
tinct advantage  by  setting  her  clocks 
forward  one  hour,  and  thus  placing  her- 
self w'ithin  the  zone  observing  Eastern 
Time.  In  instituti(ms  and  offices  Avith- 
in  sight  of  Atlanta,  where  the  sun  is  no 
higher  in  the  heavens,  people  liave  been 
at  work  an  hour  in  advance  of  her 
business,  and  are  able  to  close  one  hour 
earlier  in  the  evening.  The  effort  to 
overcome  this  disadvantage  in  other 
places  similarly  situated  has  given  rise 
to  the  nation-Avide  slogan — "Gaining 
the  Hour." 

The  same  principle  has  many  prac- 
tical applications  in  church  circles  and 
religious  activities.  A  feAV  are  men- 
tioned as  samples  of  its  Avorking,  Avhich 
has  not  simply  the  advantage  of  world- 
ly Avisdom,  but  scriptural  sanction.  Tlie 
Apostle  gives,  in  the  Epistle  to  the 
Ephesians,  the  injunction — "redeeming 
the  time."  Rendered  literally,  it  is  more 
strikingly  significant — "buying  up  the 


time."  Is  not  this  equivalent  to  the  sug- 
gestion— "gaining  the  hour?" 

1.  Is  anything  more  appropriate 
for  consideration  at  the  beginning  of  a 
ueAv  ecclesiastical  year?  March  81st  and 
April  1st  stand  side  by  side  in  the 
calendar,  and  yet  are  in  different 
zones  in  church  affairs.  The  rush  of 
delinquent  dollars  to  the  treasuries  of 
the  benevolent  causes,  in  the  race  with 
March  31st,  is  an  annual  occurrence. 
Many  of  these  dollars  have  been  lying 
idle  for  months  in  the  hands  of  negli- 
gent church  treasurers,  Avhile  Home  and 
Foreign  Mission  agencies  have  been 
borroAving  money  and  paying  interest 
on  it,  Avaiting  for  the  funds  to  come  in 
Avhich  have  been  given  by  God's  people 
for  the  advancement  of  the  Kingdom. 
The  forAvarding  promptly  of  funds 
Avould  be  equivalent  to  "gaining  the 
hour."  In  the  course  of  one  year,  such 
promptness  w'ovild  save  enough  interest 
noAv  going  to  banks  to  pay  the  salaries 
of  several  missionaries.  This  is  a  dis- 
tinct loss  to  the  Kingdom,  and  the 
money  could  haA'e  been  serving  Christ 

■  tAvelve  months,  instead  of  a  feAv  days 
at  the  close  of  the  year. 

2.  Six  years  ago  the  General  As- 
sembly authorized  the  accumulation  of 
a  Hundred  Thousand  Dollar  Semi- 
Centennial  Building  Fund.  After  five 
years'  delay,  only  about  $25,000  have 


Hom« 

Mi8Si4ms 


The  Missionary  Survey. 


been  secured.  The  other  $75,000  awaitssurely   ''gain   the   hour"   over  those 


the  sh)\v-nioving  churches.  In  the  course 
of  time  the  remainder  will  doubtless 
come,  but  consider  the  loss  to  the  King- 
dom of  Christ  I  Dozens  of  churches 
now  clamoring  for  assistance  in  build- 
ing must  wait,  their  spiritual  develop- 
ment must  wait,  and  the  souls  that 
might  be  saved  may  possibly  h?  lost, 
while  waiting  on  the  delayed  funds  I 
Over  against  this  loss,  place  the  gains 
in  individual  communities,  and  the 
benefits  to  the  cause  of  Christ,  if  the 
Church  were  but  impressed  with  the 
advantage  of  ''gaining  the  hour." 

3.  Who  can  forecast  and  calculate 
the  value  of  prompt  investment  of  life 
and  service?  The  young  convert  who 


"saved  as  by  fire"  at  the  last  moment. 
Will  eternity  itself  ever  lessen  the  dis- 
tance between  them  ?  "Redeeming  />af<f 
time"  is  impossible.  "Buying  up  the 
time"  xinspent  is  the  only  method  of 
"gaining  the  hour"  in  a  life  of  noljle 
service. 

Is  someone  thinking  of  a  financial 
investment  for  Christ's  work?  Why 
Avait  till  death  to  make  it  effective? 
Why  not  gain  the  hour  by  putting  con- 
secrated dollars  to  work  at  cnce  ?  Who 
can  tell  what  vast  differences  prompt 
action  will  make  in  the  success  of  the 
cause?  If  vou  feel  the  call  to  service, 
why  not  begin  now, — "gaining  the 
hour,"  and  perhaps  gaining  richer  re- 


early  is  impressed  with  the  value  of  wards  and  a  more  glorious  crown  of 
life  service,  and  begins  in  youth,  will  life? 

MY  MASTER. 


I  had  walked  life's  path  with  an  easy 
tread ; 

Had  followed  where  comfort  and  pleas- 
ure led; 

And  then  by  chance  in  a  quiet  place 
I  met  my  Master,  face  to  face. 

With  station  and  rank  and  wealth  for 
a  goal, 

Much  thought  for  the  body,  but  none 

for  the  soul, 
I  had  entered  to  win  in  life's  mad  race. 
A^'hen  I  met  my  Master,  face  to  face. 

I  had  built  my  castles,  and  reared  them 

Till  their  towers  had  pierced  the  blue 

of  the  sky; 
I  had  sworn  to  rule  with  iron  mace. 
When  I  met  mv  ^Master,  face  to  face. 


I  met  Him,  and  knew  Him,  and  blushed 
to  see 

That  His  eyes,  full  of  sorrow,  were 

fixed  on  me ; 
And  I  faltered  and  fell  at  His  feet' 

that  day, 

While  my  castles  melted  and  vanished 
away. 

Melted  and  vanished,  and  in  their  place 
I  saw  naught  else  but  my  Master's  face ; 
And  I  cried  aloud,  "Oh,  make  me 
meet 

To  follow  the  marks  of  Thv  wounded 
feet." 

My  thought  is  now  for  the  souls  of  men. 
I  have  lost  my  life  to  find  it  again ; 
E'er  since  alone  in  that  holy  place 
My  Master  and  T  stood,  face  to  fare. 

— Selected. 


THE  RENAISSANCE  OF  THE  MOUNTAINS. 


By   Rev.  Edwix 
Principal,  Stuart 

Wp]RE  you  to  journey  cross 
country  from  Jenkins  on  the 
S.  V.  &  E.  R.  R..  to  McRoberts 
and  Fleming  on  the  L.  &  X.  R.  R..  in 
Letcher  Co.,  Ky..  you  would  traverse 
great  ojjerations  of  the  Consolidated 
and  Elkhorn  ("oal  Companies.  ^Mining 


Vaxce  Tadi.ock. 
Robinson  School. 

towns  straggle  for  miles  up  the  creeks 
and  ravines.  Xot  less  than  5,000  for- 
eigners jabber  and  delve  where  five 
years  ago  the  locomotive's  shriek  had 
not  outraged  the  solitude. 

Were  you  to  make  the  trip  on  Satur- 
day, you  would  have  for  fellow  passen- 


Stuart  Robinson,    the    Latest    Soul    Winner       Selioul.     Suc'li  institutions  are  bringing  the 
"  Renaissance  in  the  Mountains. 


ger  ail  Italian  Catholic  priest,  whose 
parochial  duties  take  him  over  the 
route  three  times  a  month.  This,  in 
what  Dr.  Guerrant  was  wont  to  call. 
•'The  Farthest  Cnmberlands  I'' 

With  bulging  eyes  and  moutlis  agape, 
we  listen  to  accounts  of  marvelous 
transition,  and  the^  need  for  feverish 
haste  in  foreign  lands.  There  may  be 
sections  in  China,  Japan  and  Korea 
whei'e  change  is  as  startling.  Yes,  there 
may  be ! 

A  Christian  educator,  pointing  to  the 
mountains,  said.  "Yonder  live  the  great- 
est people  in  the  world,  but  they  do 
not  know  it."  "Xever  fear,"  replied  his 
fellow  man.  "they  are  finding  it  out 
mighty  fast."' 

Recently  one  of  our  students  was 
leading  i)rayer  meeting.  The  subject 
was     Presbyterial     Home  ]Missi(ms. 


.M;ili  ii:il    fill-   l''iilmr  :\lanli<iOfl. 


"When  I  was  ten  years  old,"  said  he,  ' 
"I  had  never  heard  of  a  Sunday  school, 
prayer  meeting  or  Christian  Endeavor, 
and  knew  nothing  about  Jesus..  Mr. 
Thos.  B.  Talbot  came  and  started  a 
Sunday  school.  Mrs.  Ison  (wife  of  a 
local  physician)  taught  it.  Then  Dr. 
(iuerrant  came  and  built  the  school. 
And  he  said  that  he  w^ould  not  have 
done  it.  if  it  had  not  been  for  the  Sun- 
day school." 

"Every  boy  in  the.-e  mountains," 
said  one  of  our  brightest  students, 
'"believes  that  he  is  going  to  become 
something  great.  The  trouble  is  that  he 
cannot  get  it  into  his  head  how  to 
start." 

This  is  the  Renaissance  of  the  Moun- 
tains. They  are  in  a  state  of  flux.  They 
could  almost  be  poured  into  njoulds,  if 
we  had  them;  but  we  haven't.  We  need 
more  preachers,  teachers,  lay  workers, 
neighborhood  nurses,  and,  above  all. 
more  and  better  physical  equipment  for 
(  tir  schools. 

"Wlien  I  step  into  a  home,"  saitl  a 
mountain  physician,  "I  can  tell  whethei 
a  daughter  had  taken  the  domestic  sci- 
ence course  at   school.    It  makes 

all  the  difl'erence  in  the  world."  And 
so  it  does.  Yet  some  of  our  best  known 
schools  lia\e  not  been  provided  with 
the  means  to  start  this  department. 


\ 


Home 
Missions 


The  Missionary  Survey. 


The  mountaineer  is  the  product  of 
environment.  The  ideal  way  would  he 
to  place  him  amid  proper  surroundinjr-, 
and  mould  him  therein.  The  boarding:' 
departments  of  our  schools  furnish  the 
ideal  envinmment.  They  are  the  inner 
sanctuaries  of  our  Mountain  Missions, 
as  well  as  their  most  striking"  limita- 
ti(m. 

"I  Avas  up  Poor  Fork  today,  and  four 
boys  asked  me  if  they  could  work  their 
way  through  your  school,*'  said  the 
local  physician  to  the  principal.  We 
say,  "No  !  No  I  I  No ! ! !"  to  this  request 
until  we  grow  heart-sick. 

The  last  ert'oi-ts  of  the  late  Dr.  Ed- 
ward O.  Ciuerraut  were  directed  towai'd 
meetiuir  this  need.  Itv  founding  indus- 


tries in  connection  with  the  schools. 
One  such  enterprise,  heartily  endorsed 
by  eminent  business  men,  awaits  the 
money  to  set  it  in  opei'ation.  It  should 
su[)i)oi't  upward  of  two  hundred  work- 
jug  students,  and  go  far  toward  making 
the  school  self-supporting.  Berea  Col- 
lege and  Lincoln  University  are  monu- 
mental ;demonstrati(ms  of  the  feasi- 
l)ility  of  industrial  schools. 

'Jdie  Mission  School  is  the  heart  of 
Mountain  ^lissinns.  A  working  demon- 
stration of  its  place  in  evangelistic  en- 
deavor, that  is  well  nigh  ideal,  is  open 
to  any  one  who  cares  to  study  the  re- 
])ort  of  the  school  at  Plumtree,  X.  C 

Hldcl'i'iJ.  I\  tj. 


VISION,  AND  VERSION. 

By  Rkv.  D.  M.  S-MASIiey. 


0 

their 


good-will 
ha\('  rcii 


XE  chief  characteristic  among 
the  mountain  people,  and  whicli 
commands  one's  resjject,  is 
kindly  every-day  homespun 
toward  those  whom  they 
•n    to    believe    have  their 


interests  at  heart.  They  possess 
extraordinary  ability — they  have  nat- 
ural genius.  But  they  have  been  iso- 
lated for  so  long  from  the  golden  op- 
])ortunities  that  make  for  the  highest 
and  l)est,  that  thev  ai-e  still  living  in 


Jlountain   XJoys   Coming-    to   Their  ()\Vn. 


258 


The  Missionary  Survey. 


[April,  1917] 


the  pmolr\'  light  of  the  past.  Only  a 
few  have  been  jirivileged  to  attend 
school,  and  it  w  ould  be  a  vulgar  tongue 
that  would  censure  them  for  this.  Their 
one  deep  need  is  to  have  their  life  re- 
modeled, and  so  transformed  that  it 
will  take  on  the  spirit  of  this  modern 
'progressive  age.  They  need  to  be  uplift- 
ed, along  educational  and  religious 
lines. 

Many  of  the  people  have  erred  and 
strayed  like  lost  sheep,  and  faithful 
shepherds  are  needed — shepherds  who 
will  seek  these  unfortunate  ones  and 
bring  them  back  to  the  fold  of  Christ. 
They  are  suscej^tible  to  the  Gospel,  and 
if  wisely  approached  may  be  led  into 
the  beautiful  Christ  life.  Much  vitiat- 
ing nonsense  has  been  preached  in  our 
Mountain  regions,  and  it  will  not  be 
easily  overcome,  but  we  have  this  for 
our  encouragement :  "Ye  shall  know  the 
truth,  and  the  truth  shall  make  you 
free."  If  we  will  patiently  toil  on,  we 
may  hope  for  the  cheerful  dawn  when 
the  Son  of  Eighteousness  shall  arise 
with  healing  in  His  wings. 

It  is  the  announced  purpose  of  the 


Presbyterian  Church  to  carry  the  Gos- 
pel and  Christian  training  to  the  neg- 
lected Mountain  people.  The  school  and 
the  missionary  are  the  two  redeeming 
factors  that  will  ultimately  solve  the 
problem.  But  we  cannot  intelligently 
hope  to  accomplish  the  work  over-night. 
The  effort  made  has  been  most  grati- 
fying, but  it  will  take  concentrated  and 
continued  effort  on  the  part  of  the 
whole  Church,  if  we  would  carry  out 
our  intention  and  materialize  our 
dream. 

I  must  make  some  mention  of  Dr. 
E.  O.  Guerrant's  great  work  in  behalf 
of  the  Mountain  people.  He  knew  how 
to  sacrifice  himself  without  self-asser- 
tion, and  he  asked  nothing  better  than 
to  die  at  his  God-given  task.  He  was  a 
good  and  faithful  servant  of  Jesus 
Christ  and  of  the  Highland  people. 
His  noble  Christian  manhood  and 
Christ  likeness  in  life  have  won  for 
him  an  undying  fame  in  the  hearts  of 
the  Mountain  people;  and  "His  Avorks 
do  follow  him." 

"Whitesburg,  Ky. 


"A  VOICE  FROM  THE  CROWD" 
OF  PRESBYTERIAL  HOME  MISSION  SUPERINTENDENTS. 


By  Tnos.  B.  Tai.hot. 
Svi)t.  of  Home  Missions  and  Sunday  ScJioo'i  Missionary. 


Every  Presbytery  has  its  own  problems. 
These  sometimes  so  engross  the  minds  and 
grip  the  hearts  of  the  workers,  that  appeals 
from  other  fields  receive  the  reply:  "It 
takes  all  my  time  to  consider  my  own." 
But  this  is  false  reasoning.  Our  ideas  are 
broadened  by  comparison  with  others.  Lost 
Vision  is  restored  by  the  "onward  glance" 
of  another.  We  discover  gold  in  our  own 
territory  by  the  recognition  of  it  in  another's 
field. 

The  Presbytery  of  West  Lexington  has 
more  Mountain  Mission  work  than  any  other 
Presbytery  outside  the  new  Synod.  The 
General  Assembly's  Committee  supports 
more  work  within  the  bounds  of  this  Pres- 
bytery than  in  any  other  one  Presbytery. 
A  great  opportunity  has  come  to  this  part 
of  our  Church.  There  may  be  just  as  great, 
or  even  greater,  opportunities  awaiting  de- 


velopment in  other  Presbyteries,  but  there 
is  peculiar  need  in  Eastern  Kentucky. 

A  prominent  worker  in  these  mountains, 
who  has  done  a  marvelous  work  in  the  last 
thirteen  years,  said  recently  that  he  felt  the 
mountains  of  Eastern  Kentucky  had  greater 
need  than  any  other  part  of  the  vast  Cum- 
berland and  Blue  Ridge  section.  This  is  a 
need  that  borders  a  great  part  of  the  South- 
ern Presbyterian  Church,  and  calls  to  us  in 
no  uncertain  tones. 

-  You  cannot  find  anywhere  in  the  world 
keener  minded,  handsomer  and  more  intel- 
ligent boys  and  girls.  You  cannot  find  any- 
where more  kindness,  hospitality,  and  gen- 
erosity. We  covet  these  boys  and  girls  of 
the  Mountains  for  our  schools  and  col- 
leges where  real  religion  dominates;  and 
under  such  conditions,  who  knows  the  good 
that  may  be  accomplished! 


Rome 
Missions 


The  Missionary  Suitvtn-. 


A  consecrated  young  man,  who  has  la- 
bored within  our  hounds,  says: 

"They  are,  as  a  whole,  a  sturdy  people, 
willing  .to  learn,  hospitable  to  the  last  de- 
gree, and  intensely  -loyal  to  those  who  have 
proven  friends.  Theirs  is  a  beautiful  coun- 
try; the  rock  houses,  as  the  great  stone 
bluffs  are  called,  lift  in  bold  outline  above 
the  winding  rivers,  and  the  delicate  wild 
flowers  hidden  in  the  forests  on  their  hanks 
contrast  strangely  with  the  silent  swiftness 
of  the  flood  at  high  tide.  The  people  are 
bound  up  with  the  land.  Their  roads  follow 
the  beds  of  the  creeks,  and  stretches  of 
gravel  bottom  alternate  with  netted  sand- 
stone and  slate.  This  slate  holds  the  coal 
strata,  which,  with  the  timber,  forms  the 
chief  natural  resource  of  the  region." 

The  work  of  West  Lexington  Presbytery 
and  that  of  the  Assembly's  Home  Mission 
Committee  in  this  section  are  in  perfect 
harmony. 

Our  now  ascended  Dr.  Guerrant  gave  his 
time,  talent,  and  almost  his  whole  minis- 
terial life,  to  these  people.  In  traveling  over 
much  of  the  territory  that  this  splendid 
saint  traveled,  I  see  his  footprints  every- 
where; and  the  touch  of  his  hand  upon 
these  people  will  linger  as  long  as  time 
shall  last. 

Rev.  A.  L.  McDuffie  has  been  installed 
pastor  at  Heidelberg  by  a  commission  from 
our  Presbytery.  The  Assembly's  Committee 
has  an  excellent  school  at  this  place,  under 
his  superintcndency,  assisted  by  a  corps  of 
competent  teachers.  Mr.  McDufHe  also 
preaches  at  Beatyville,  and  is  doing  fine 
work.  He  has  the  love  and  respect  of  the 
people  of  that  section  as  no  other  man  ever 
had.  The  Commission  which  installed  him 
was  delightfully  entertained  at  the  school, 
and  went  away  enthusiastic  for  the  cause  of 
Mountain  Missions. 

Good  work  is  being  done  at  Athol.  We 
have  a  church  there,  and  the  Assembly's 
Committee  has  an  excellent  school.  The 
school  and  church  blend  together  harmo- 
niously. 

Canyon  Falls,  one  of  the  schools  which 
Dr.  Guerrant  planted  a  few  years  ago,  is 
moving  forward  with  great  success.  About 
two  years  ago  we  organized  there  a  Presby- 
terian church,  which  is  growing  constantly 
in  numbers.  Fifteen  on  profession  of  faith 
have  been  added  in  the  last  year.  The  work 
of  the  four  teachers  here  is  not  only  telling 
now,  but  will  tell  tremendously  in  eternity. 

In  company  with  several  young  men  and 
women  from  Lexington,  I  visited  Highland 
College  at  Guerrant,  Ky.,  during  Thanks- 
giving week.  We  were  royally  entertained. 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  Wells  had  arranged  the  pro- 
gram, which  consisted  of  music,  addresses, 
and  a  sermon  by  Rev.  W.  A.  Hopkins,  of 
Lexington.  It  is  doubtful  if  a  company  of 
people  ever  were  more  favorably  impressed. 


Mr.   Talbot  and  his   little  Mountain  friend, 
"Billie"  Kelly. 


The  splendid  mountain  boys  and  girls,  the 
people  nearby,  and  the  faithful  teachers  did 
al]  in  their  power  to  make  it  memorable. 

We  have  work  at  Frozen  Creek,  Hays,  St. 
Helens  and  other  points  in  that  section  of 
Kentucky,  and  the  outlook  is  very  good. 

At  Irvine,  in  Estill  Co.,  where  we  have  a 
church,  the  town  has  grown  tremendously 
within  the  last  year.  Oil  has  been  struck, 
and  the  people  are  coming  there  from  all 
sections.  A  new  depot  has  been  built  at  Ra- 
venna, one  mile  from  Irvine;  nice  homes 
are  being  erected,  and  the  prospects  are  that 
it  will  be  one  of  the  best  towns  in  Eastern 
Kentucky.  Our  church  at  Irvine  is  old  and 
dilapidated,  and  not  what  the  place  now  re- 
quires. Young  men  from  our  Seminaries  are 
sent  to  these  Mountain  fields  during  the 
summer  months,  and  many  have  done  faith- 
ful service;  but  this  is  not  enough.  We 
need  men  constantly  on  the  field  to  visit  in 
the  homes,  conduct  cottage  prayer  meetings, 
assist  in  the  Sunday  School  on  the  Sabbath, 
preach  to  the  people,  and  by  living  among 
them,  to  show  by  their  lives  and  conversa- 
tion that  they  are  the  Lord's. 

My  work  brings  me  in  touch  with  Dr. 
J.  W.  Tyler,  the  General  Assembly's  Super- 


200 


The  Missionary  Survey. 


[April,  1917] 


intendent  of  Mountain  Worlt.  He  is  a  faith- 
ful servant  of  the  Church,  and  we  have 
worlted  togetlier  in  beautiful  harmony. 

The  opportunity  for  our  Church  in  this 
field  is  marvelous,  the  fields  are  white  to 
the  harvest;  and  if  we  can  only  arouse  our 


people  to  see  and  take  advantage  of  the  op- 
portunity, we  can  easily  take  this  section 
for  Christ,  and  bring  these  splendid  people 
of  the  Mountains  into  our  great  Southern 
Presbyterian  Church. 
Lexington,  Ky. 


AN  AWAKENED  PEOPLE. 

By  Jonathan  C.  Day,  D.  D. 


But  for  "a  word  in  season"  years  ago  by 
Dr.  Guerrant,  Dr.  Day  mig-ht  not  be  today  in 
his  place  of  large  influence,  as  pastor  of  the 
grreat  Labor  Temple  of  the  Presbyterian 
Church  U.  S.  A.,  New  York  City.  Traveling 
one  day  in  Letcher  Co.,  Ky.,  Dr.  Guerrant 
met  a  moimtain  bo.v  on  the  roadside,  spoke 


to  him  about  entering'  the  ministry,  and  then 
foi'got  the  incident.  The  boy,  Jonathan  Day, 
did  not  forget;  the  arrow  shot  at  a  venture 
went  straight  to  the  heart,  and  was  one  of 
the  influences  that  moulded  his  life. — Liter- 
ary Kditnr. 


Three  factors  make  for  the  civilization  of 
any  people:  first,  the  natural  resources  of 
the  country  in  which  the  people  live;  sec- 
ond, the  natural  endowment  of  the  people; 
third,  their  acquired  culture. 

Human  activity  cannot  create  more  natu- 
ral resources,  nor  more  latent  endowment, 
but  human  activity  of  the  right  kind  can 
create  culture.  Hence,  the  need  of  that  ele- 
ment which  makes  its  contribution  in  terms 
of  culture.  Among  the  great  institutions  of 
culture  are  home,  church,  school  and  state. 

Let  us  look  at  a  very  interesting  social 
group  living  in  the  heart  of  America.  In 
southeastern  Kentucky  in  eastern  Tennes- 
see, western  North  Carolina  and  south- 
western Old  Virginia,  within  a  radius  of 
something  like  one  hundred  and  twenty-five 
miles  there  are  three  millions  of  people. 
Two-thirds  of  these  are  in  touch  with  the 
great  highways  of  traffic  and  commerce  and 
social  intercourse  in  America.  Another  one- 
third,  or  about  one  million  of  these  moun- 
taineers or  highlanders  are  now,  or  have 
been  until  recently,  off  the  great  thorough- 


Being  Outlawed  lOvcn  in  the  Mountains. 


fares,  isolated  from  the  rest  of  the  world, 
and  stagnant  or  at  a  standstill. 

Every  great  movement,  whether  political, 
religious,  educational  or  otherwise,  that  has 
swept  over  the  country  in  the  last  one  hun- 
dred years,  has  swept  by  this  one  million 
people,  pocketed  aSvay  in  the  hills,  without 
in  the  least  awakening  them  from  their 
quietude  and  repose. 

They  live  in  a  country  of  finest  natural 
resources,  their  mountains  are  clothed  with 
timber  as  fine  as  that  in  the  State  of  New 
York,  their  hills  are  as  richly  filled  with  coal 
and  iron  as  Pennsylvania,  their  streams  fur- 
nish as  good  water  power  as  the  rivers  of 
Maine,  the  people  are  endowed  with  as  fine 
qualities  of  brain  and  heart  and  brawn  as 
are  to  be  found  in  any  American  stock.  Yet, 
in  these  one  hundred  years,  with  culture 
neglected,  without  schools  or  churches  ex- 
cept of  most  primitive  and  meagre  kind, 
they  have  remained  at  a  standstill  or  have 
gone  backward.  They  have  the  same  names, 
the  same  appearance,  the  same  traditions  as 
their  brothers  in  the  valley,  yet  have  not 
advanced  with  them. 

Nearly  forty  years  ago  the  Presbyterian 
Church  became  much  interested  in  all  this 
section.  Other  churches  became  interested 
too.  Educators  and  social  uplifters  began  to 
give  attention  to  this  neglected  people. 
Great  commercial  enterprises  entered  the 
mountains  and  purchased  timber,  coal  and 
land.  The  churches,  caring  more  for  the 
people  than  their  possessions,  began  tapping 
the  minds  of  the  mountaineers. 

Gradually  people  on  the  outside  discov- 
ered the  mountaineer;  the  mountaineer  dis- 
covered himself  and  the  outside  world. 
Hundreds  of  boys  and  girls  heard  of  the  big 
world  with  its  cities,  its  colleges,  its  op- 
portunities, and  became  eager  to  go  out 
into  it.  Hundreds  of  faithful  men  and  wo- 
men, under  direction  of  the  Presbyterian 
Church,  particularly,  encouraged  these  boys 
and  girls  to  go  away  to  school. 

In  many  counties  a  Presbyterian  academy 


A  Sunday  School  nt  Hays,   K;  .     'I'his  school  supports  a  little  girl  in  Japan. 


was  organized  at  the  county  seat.  Every 
grade  from  kindergarten  to  and  including 
high  school  was  taught.  Into  these  acad- 
emies came  many  teachers  from  district 
schools.  Boys  and  girls  from  remote  sec- 
tions carried  back  into  their  homes  ideas 
gained. 

From  far-away  communities  .came  the 
fathers  and  mothers  of  these  pupils  to  see 
the  "new  college."  The  teachers  and  prin- 
cipal of  the  school  found  their  way  to  the 
log  cabins  hidden  in  the  coves  in  the  side 
of  the  mountain  and  returned  the  calls. 

In  many  instances  the  graduating  class 
from  these  Presbyterian  academies  saw 
some  of  its  members  go  to  college.  Some 
who  matriculated  at  college  graduated. 
Many  after  finishing  the  college  course  en- 
tered the  professions.  The  writer  is  think- 
ing of  one  brilliant  young  fellow  who  grad- 
uated at  a  Presbyterian  school  in  eastern 
Tennessee,  later  went  to  Yale  University, 
graduated  with  honors,  and  is  now  a  lead- 
ing physician  in  a  Southern  city.  He  is 
thinking  of  another  who  came  from  a  log 
cabin  in  the  Great  Smokies.  He  graduated 
at  one  of  these  little  schools,  then  at  Yale 
University,  and  is  now  a  Congressman  from 
a  great  Eastern  state.  Again  he  thinks  of  a 
young  girl  who  studied  at  one  of  these 
schools,  later  went  to  Berea  College,  grad- 
uated, and  is  now  leading  a  useful  life  in 
one  of  the  thriving  cities  of  the  Southwest. 

These  instances  show  that  boys  and  girls 
of  these  hills  are  of  the  same  stock  as  the 


big  outside  world,  and  "make  good"  when 
they  get  a  chance.  The  transformation  that 
has  taken  place  in  the  hills  among  the  peo- 
ple who  have  continued  to  live  there  is  most 
striking.  The  writer  a  year  ago,  traveled 
one  hundred  and  fifty  miles  down  the  base 
of  the  Cumberland  Mountains  in  a  little 
mountain  buggy.  He  had  gone  over  this  road 
many  times  before,  usually  on  foot.  For- 
merly there  were  only  log  cabins  where  the 
people  lived,  and  log  schoolhouses  where 
there  were  schools  at  all.  Now,  in  many  in- 
stances, there  are  beautiful  little  frame  cot- 
tages and  dwellings  along  the  road,  and  al- 
most always  a  little  frame  schoolhouse  paint- 
ed white,  taking  the  place  of  the  log  school- 
house  of  former  days.  The  people  are 
awakened. 

Those  who  still  live  in  the  vaUeys  and 
along  the  lines  of  railroad  are  interested  in 
making  homes,  in  helping  to  improve  schools, 
in  supporting  churches  in  the  community, 
in  improving  agricultural  life.  Those  who 
lived  farther  back  in  the  mountains  have 
gradually  found  themselves  without  land  of 
their  own.  They  have  decided  to  get  out  of 
the  mountains  and  make  their  way  in  the 
larger  world  outside. 

As  we  see  it,  the  great  revival  in  educa- 
tion, marked  by  a  high  school  in  almost  ev- 
ery county  seat;  the  revival  *f  attention  to 
the  country  church;  the  desire  to  improve 
living  quarters,  thereby  making  the  home 
more  attractive  and  comfortable  is  traceable 
in  very  large  measure  to  the  stimulus  given 


The  MissioNAKY  Survev. 


[April,  1917] 


by  the  missionaries  and  teachers  who  have 
gone  into  these  neglected  and  backward 
places. 

The  little  schoolhouse,  maintained  by  the 
Church,  away  in  the  hills  and  at  the  heads 
of  the  rivers,  is  largely  supplanted  by  the 
rural  school,  which  has  been  lengthened  from 
three  months  to  six  months.  The  Church, 
instead  of  conducting  these  schools,  is  now 
making  her  contribution  more  largely 
through  boarding  schools  and  churches.  The 
preacher  has  become  a  factor  in  the  com- 
munity and  in  every  phase  of  its  life. 

The  Church  has  not  completed  her  work. 
She  is  only  arriving  at  "her  greatest  oppor- 
tunity. She  must  concentrate  on  the  larger 
schools  and  colleges  outside  the  hills,  and 
bring  the  boys  and  girls  ^way  from  the 
log  cabin,  and  the  little  contracted  world 
that  they  have  known,  to  a  place  within  the 
walls  of  the  higher  school  and  to  the  big 
world  with  its  ever  expanding  opportunities. 

The  reason  for  bringing  the  people  out  of 
the  hills  must  be  apparent  to  anyone  who 
knows  conditions.  The  hills,  with  their  coal, 
timber,  and  other  natural  resources,  are  no 
longer  owned  by  the  people.  Corporations 
own  them  and  are  developing  them.  For 
those  who  do  day  labor,  there  will  be  no 
better  opportunity  than  in  these  mountains. 
But  for  those  who  expect  to  do  more  than 
work  in  coal  mines  and  timber  ranches  the 
only  salvation  is  away  from  the  mountains. 
If  a  call  comes  to  go  back  to  the  mountains 
it  must  be  for  some  other  reason  in  most 
instances  than  that  of  merely  making  a 
home  there.  One  must  go  back  with  the  idea 
of  service  in  some  true  capacity. 

The  writer,  together  with  another  moun- 
taineer, rode  across  the  Black  Mountain 
from  Kentucky  to  Virginia  one  year  ago. 


The  bridle  path  led  through  an  immense 
tract  of  fine  timber.  The  trail  from  the 
waters  of  the  Cumberland  River  on  one  side 
the  mountain,  to  the  waters  of  the  Powells 
River  on  the  other  side  the  mountain,  was 
twelve  miles.  It  led  across  the  backbone  of 
the  great  mountain  which  had,  below  its 
crest  and  above  drainage  in  the  valleys, 
ninety-six  feet  of  coal.  We  passed  through 
one  tract  of  land  consisting  of  56,000  acres. 
It  was  purchased  for  $26,000,  less  than  fifty 
cents  an  acre.  Though  they  are  blasting  from 
both  sides  of  the  mountain,  the  ninety-six 
feet  of  coal  imbedded  will  not  be  mined  in 
the  next  two  hundred  years.  It  is  hardly 
possible  to  estimate  the  wealth  in  timber. 
We  counted  $200,000  worth  of  trees  within 
eyeshot  of  the  path  over  which  we  traveled. 

We  rode  down  a  familiar  creek,  which 
one  of  our  immediate  relatives  owned  and 
sold  forty-five  years  ago,  for  a  horse  and  a 
squirrel  rifle.  At  $1.75  per^  day,  two  of  his 
sons  were  digging  coal  out  of  the  hills  he 
once  owned.  This  is  typical. 

Had  the  original  sons  of  these  mountain- 
eers had  the  culture  of  the  outside  specula- 
tors, they  would  have  built  coal  tipples  in- 
stead of  moonshine  stills,  and  the  sons  of 
the  mountaineers  would  sit  at  the  executive 
desks  in  the  great  industrial  centers  of  the 
mountains  instead  of  digging  coal  from  the 
mines  as  they  now  do. 

The  mountains  were  there  with  their  nat- 
ural resources.  The  mountaineer  was  there 
with  his  natural  endowment.  The  awakening 
of  the  mountaineer  through  the  process  of 
culture,  educational  and  religious,  means  his 
redemption.  The  call  for  the  Church  was 
never  more  urgent.  The  mountaineers  hear 
the  call  and  are  awakening. 


ANSWERED  PRAYERS. 

Miss  Luella  0.  Barrickman. 


THIS  account  of  answer  to  prayer 
reminds  one  of  Dr.  Paton's  story 
of  the  digging  of  the  well  in  the 
New  Hebrides. 

During  the  four  year.s  that  we  have 
been  at  Lambric,  Miss  Heilbrum  and  I 
have  found  the  work  very  difficult,  but 
matters  are  improving,  and  the  provi- 
dence of  God  in  supplying  our  needs 
has  been  wonderful.  We  had  been  pray- 
ing for  a  long  time  for  an  organ,  and 
our  faith  was  strengthened  when  small 
gifts  sent  by  friends  in  several  states 
amounted  to  $36.30.  Then  when  the 
oi-gan  was  sent  by  s(mie  friends  in 


Mississippi  in  response  to  an  appeal  by 
Rev.  C.  G.  Giuin.  of  Jackson,  we  de- 
cided to  use  the  money  for  other  needs. 
Thougli  hardly  enough  for  any  one 
thing,  we  hoped  for  more,  and  made 
our  plans.  God  said,  "If  ye  ask  *  * 
I  will  do."  John  14 :14.  After  all,  money 
is  not  needed  to  secure  everything; 
but  we  do  need  Christ  on  our  side,  and 
often  He  makes  a  way  Avhere  there  is 
no  way.   We  must  trust  God. 

In  the  end,  we  got  more  than  we  ex- 
pected, for  work  was  done  to  the  value 
of  $74.  and  to  our  surpri.se  we  had  sev- 
eral dollars  left — and  no  indebtedness! 


Home 
Missions 


The  Missionary  Sukvev. 


263 


Of  course,  this  was  not  accomplished 
without  some  anxiety  on  our  part,  and 
much  prayer.  We  did  not  ask  the  peo- 
ple for  aid,  until  it  was  suggested  that 
we  have  a  "working"  to  complete  the 
well. 

A  well  and  a  double  floor  in  the 
church  were  two  long-felt  needs,  but  it 
was  hard  to  decide  which  to  get  first. 
As  it  was  then  warm  weather,  the  well 
was  the  more  pressing  need.  The  work 
was  begun  and  a  five-foot  hole  was 
made  in  the  back  yard.  On  account  of 
sickness  and  disagreement  between  the 
workmen  and  the  im])o-sibilitv  of  get- 
ting anyone  else  to  finish  it,  the  work 
was  left  in  that  conditiou  for  three 
months.  So  we  decided  to  get  the  floor, 
thougli  much  preferring  the  well,  for 
the  hole  was  dangerous  and  something 
had  to  be  dcme  about  it.  Howevei-,  it 
had  cost  us  nothing  as  yet.  as  we  were 
not  to  pay  until  water  was  struck. 
No  doubt,  if  the  liole  had  not,  been 
there,  we  would  liavc  given  up  the 
idea  of  the  well  long  before. 

We  mentioned  tlie  floor  to  one  of  our 
members,  who  advised  us  to  get  at  it  at 
once  before  the  cold  weather  came.  He 
volunteered  to  get  the  lumber  and  stand 
good  for  it,  and  to  raise  money  himself, 
if  necessary  to  pay  the  bill.  Vou  cannot 
imagine  our  relief.  These  i^eople  can 
do  thiugs  better  (lian  wc.  if  they  will 
to  do  so.  He  bought  the  lumber  fromi 


the  nearest  mill  and  shipped  it  ten 
miks  free  (m  a  log  train,  and  on  his 
return  announced,  "It  is  a  gift!" 
hard-wood  floor,  better  than  we  had 
hoped  for  I  Other  good  friends  hauled 
it  the  remainder  of  the  distance  with- 
out expense  to  us. 

We  had  agreed  to  try  "working"' 
since  we  could  not  get  the  well  dug  for 
money,  and  by  the  time  the  floor  was 
down,  the  well  was  finished.  Eight  men 
responded,  one  from  five  miles  away. 
All  they  asked  was  dinner.  One  of 
them  brought  us  some  corn-meal,  and 
fresh  pork  was  also  given.  In  three 
days  the  well  was  ready  for  walling, 
which  was  done  by  experienced  men 
at  a  cost  of  $5 ;  and  the  water  is  clear 
and  pure.  The  men  were  cheerful  and 
orderly;  and  upon  leaving  expres.-ed  a 
willingness  to  come  again  whenever  we 
need  help.  And  they  meant  what  they 
said,  for  later  we  had  a  'Svood-chop- 
ping"  and  they  came  with  mules  and 
got  enough  wood  to  last  us  about  three 
months,' again  only  asking  their  dinner. 
There  are  no  better  people  anywhere. 

The  roads  are  bad  at  present,  and  we 
cannot  visit  much  as  this  locality  is 
thinh'  populated,  and  to  reach  some 
of  the  homes  we  Avould  have  to  walk 
several  miles.  But  in  less  than  a  month 
and  a  half  we  have  had  eighty-seven 
callers. 

Lanihi  tc.  I\  //. 


"IT  IS  REQUIRED 

IF  A  man  who  has  known  the  Moun- 
tain people  for  forty  years  and  had 
many  business  dealings  with  them 
in  that  time,  who  was  a  friend  of  Dr. 
(iuerrant  before  he  began  his  labors  in 
the  Mountains,  was  with  him  in  his 
meeting  twenty-five  years  ago;  and  in 
addition  to  that,  has  himself  been  ac- 
tively engaged  in  the  work  for  six 
years,  is  competent  to  speak  upon  the' 
qualifications  of  workers  in  the  Moun- 
tains— that  man  is  Judge  L.  F.  Mann. 
He  says  on  this  subject: 

''The  Mountain  woi'k  is  great,  and 


IN  STEWARDS." 

worthy  of  most  careful  study.  The 
worker  ought  to  be  a  good  judge  of 
human  nature,  and  quick  to  understand 
conditions.  The  worker  must,  of 
course,  be  a  Christian  and  live  the 
Christian  life  every  day  before  the  peo- 
ple. He  must  be  fully  consecrated,  not 
over  zealous  nor  radical,  but  sincerely 
and  deeply  in  earnest  about  his  work. 

"It  is  a  great  mistake  to  think  that 
the  Mountain  people  are  weak  and  fool- 
ish, with  no  discernment.  Tliey  expect 
the  worker  to  be  capabU'  of  leading 


204 


The  Missionary  Survey. 


[April,  1917] 


them,  and  very  soon  discover  Avhether 
he  is  strong  or  weak. 

"'Tlie  ^Mountain  Avork  has  grown  rap- 
idly and  demands  good  and  efficient 
workers  in  the  Hehl.  but  it  is  liai'd  to 
lind  them.  There  is  enough  work  in 
this  one  fiehl  for  a  scoiv  or  more  woi-k- 
ers.  'The  harvest  is  great  I'  So  nuich 
ought  to  be  done,  but  it  takes  time  and 
labor,  patience,  money  and  workers. 
May  the  Lord  send  them.  If  He  does 
not,  they  need  not  come. 

'T  have  visited  qnite  a  number  of 
the  jNIissions  and  preached  for  them. 
The  work  seems  to  be  getting  along 
very  Avell,  and  the  schools  are  doing 
splendidly. 


'T  hope  and  trust  and  pray  that  the 
work  for  the  Mountain  people,  be'ru 
ibv  that  sainted  nian  of  God,  now  rtap- 
iiig  his  eternal  reward,  who  labored 
night  and  day  for  so  many  years,  may 
continue  to  extend:  and  that  it  may 
help  the  people  not  only  educationally, 
but  spirituaJly.  It  was  to  this  that  Dr. 
Guerrant  devoted  his  life.  May  the 
workers  that  are  following  be  as  faith- 
fid  as  he:  and  may  God  reward  them, 
and  give  them  many  stars  in  their 
ci'owns.  and  may  a  blessing  rest  upon 
all  the  great  Mountain  Work." 


MOUNTAINS  OF  OPPORTUNITY. 


By  Ri:\-.  Roy  Smxir. 


IT  IS  interesting  to  notice  how  nnicli 
of  onr  Lord's  earthly  ministry  Avas 
spent  in  the  mountains  gf  Judea 
and  Galilee,  and  that  His  audiences 
Avere  composed  largely  of  the  mountain 
people.  We  read  that  "Svlien  He  saw 
the  multitudes.  He  was  moved  with 
compassion  on  them:"  and  so  todav  as 
He  looks  doAvn  upon  the  many  thou- 
sands dwelling  in  our  Southern  Moun- 
tains, "scattered  abroad  as  sheep  hav- 
ing no  shepherd."  surely  His  divine 
heart  goes  out  in  compassion  to  them. 
In  like  manner,  as  His  ambassad<;r 
looks  out  from  some  niountain  range 
over  the  hills  and  coves  below,  where 
live  hundreds  of  men  and  women  with- 


Mdiintain  \'ic\v  ('<itlas( — Tlic  AVorkers'  Homo 
at  Aiaiat. 


out  the  light  of  the  (iospel,  his  heart 
yearns  for  them :  and  he  strives  to  fol- 
low his  Master's  example  by  minister- 
ing unto  them.  If  your  heart  is  united 
to  Christ,  certainly  you  should  be  in- 
terested in  spreading  the  Gospel  among 
these,  A'our  neighboring  felloAv  men. 

God  has  richly  blessed  the  mountain 
Avork  of  our  Church  in  the  past,  and 
noAv  He  is  calling  us  to  even  greater  ef- 
forts and  Avider  fields  of  service,  for 
there  are  still  many  Avithout  Gospel 
privileges:  thousands  of  men  and  avo- 
men  Avho  rarely  or  never  hear  a  real 
Gospel  seruKm,  and  thousands  of  boys 
and  girls  Avho  know  nothing"  of  the 
Sunday  school.  The  prejudice  against 
Presbyterianism,  that  Avas  common  a 
feAv  years  ago,  is  rapidly  disappearing; 
and  the  door  of  opportunity  is  Avidei' 
open  to  our  Church  today  than  ever 
befoi'e. 

Eight  often  the  i)rogress  of  this  work 
is  sloAv  and  discouraging,  while  again 
the  development  is  more  rapid,  as  in 
the  following  instance:  After  repeated 
invitations,  the  writer  began  preaching 
at  Culler  Schoolhouse  the  first  Satur- 
day night  in  May,  and  left  a  monthly 
appointment.  Foi'  several  months  pre- 


Here  is  an  old  fashioned  home  of  tlie  Kentucky  mountains.  Built  in  slave  days  of 
poplar  log's,  it  has  been  "weatherboarded"  on  the  front  stde  for  "style." 

The  simple,  hardy  life  of  the  mountains  has  brought  the  woman  to  a  good  old  age. 
During  slave  days  and  war  times  and  reconstiuctif)n,  she  has  learned  both  "how  to 
abound  and  how  to  be  abased,"  and  in  all  things  "to  be  content."  She  has  mothered 
as  sturdy  stock  as  America  produces. 

The  old  flax  wheel,  the  homespun  towel,  the  hickory  chain  and  the  long  gourd  sug- 
gest the  unseen  parts  of  the  pictuie — the  age-stained  cherry  joists,  the  large  open  fire- 
place, the  big  loom  on  the  back  porch,  the  spring  house  under  the  willow,  and  the 
hollyhocks  lining  the  front  yard. 

This  home  furnished  two  ministers  to  the  Presbyterian  Church,  one  of  whom  made 
the  highest  grades  ever  made  in  a  leading  college  of  the  South,  and  was  valedictorian 
of  his  class.  H.  H. 

This  picture  is  copyrighted  by  Rev.  E.  H.  Hudson,  Beeville,  Tex.,  and  is 
published  by  permission. 


vioiisly  a  Sunday  school  had  boeu  con- 
(hicted  by  a  Presbyterian  hiyman  of 
the  community.  The  interest  was  <rood 
from  the  start,  and  a  few  nights  during 
the  fall  l^he  house  was  packed  to  over- 
flowing. In  December  a  Presbyterian 
church  was  organized  with  sixteen 
members,  and  a  few  weeks  aftei'ward  a 
new  church  building  was  begun. 

Similar  progress  might  be  made  in 
many  other  communities,  if  they  could 
be  reached.  But  in  order  to  reach  these 
other  beckoning  places,  there  are  a  few 
distinct  needs  that  must  be  met. 

More  workers  are  needed,  consecrated 
to  the  Master's  service,  and  willing  to 
remain  in  this  work  with  some  degree 


of  permanence.  Too  many  of  these 
promising  fields  already  have  been 
liandicapi)ed  by  short-term  workers, 
who  considered  them  a  mere  training 
camp  for  a  more  desirable  pcsiti(;n. 

Since  interest  follows  information, 
then  inform  yourselves  in  particular 
about  this  undertaking. 

Let  our  Church  at  large  arise  in  her 
strength,  shake  off  the  debt  that  has  so 
long  hampered  our  Assembly's  Com- 
mittee, lay  hold  of  the  vast  opportuni- 
ties, and  with  God's  help  make  of  this 
mountain  'region  one  of  our  Nation's 
great  strongholds  of  Christianity. 

Ararat,  Va. 


266  The  Missionary  Survey.  [April,  1917] 

THE  MOUNTAINS— YESTERDAY,  TODAY,  AND  TOMORROW. 

By  Rev.  C.  Groshon  Gunn, 
I  Pasto7-,  Guerrant  Memorial  Church  Jackson.  Ky. 


Much  has  been  written  relative  to  oiir 
great  American  Highlands.  The  stories  are 
all  full  of  romance,  because  they  belong  to 
a  people  of  romance.  A  people  whose  ro- 
mancing has  been  as  mysterious  as  their 
"moonshining."  It  could  not  be  otherwise. 
All  connection  with  the  great  outside  world 
had  been  cut  off — for  their  roads  were  creek 
beds,  and  the  mountains  everywhere,  like 
great  sentinels,  forbade  entrance  to  all  that 
was  foreign  to  the  hills,  but  were  as  stead- 
fast as  beautiful  lovers  to  those  born  amid 
them.  Daily  have  these  silent  lover-sentinels 
touched  and  moulded  those  in  the  valleys, 
as  they  lived  their  lives  amid  them.  Char- 
acters became  rugged,  forms  stalwart  and 
beautiful,  habits  of  life  guided  by  the  intui- 


Beechwood,  Heidelberg,  Ky. 


tion  of  nature,  strong  growth  of  body,  mas- 
terful in  mind,  and  big  in  heart.  These,  our 
great  Highland  kinfolks,  were  just  waiting 
for  some  influence — the  same  that  we  had 
earlier — to  come  to  them;  that  their  bodies 
might  learn  control,  their  minds  become 
equipped,  and  their  hearts  touched  by  Him 
who  touched  ours. 

As  we  think  of  the  Mountains'  "Yester- 
days," we  cannot  say  that  they  have  been 
without  the  knowledge  of  Christ.  But  it 
seems  to  us  that — in  looking  back  many 
years,  and  going  back  in  some  places  very 
far — they  did  not  have  what  we  know  as 
"The  Gospel."  Their  "Super  Calvinism" 
seems  to  our  minds  more  of  a  message  to 
fetter  than  to  free.  Predestinarianism  that 
says,  "what  is  to  be  will  be,"  better  known- 
as  the  doctrine  of  the  "Hardshells,"  has  been 
the  means  of  keeping  an  unchanging  order, 
which  "free  agency"  must  come  in  to  break 
up.  However,  upon  this  foundation  is  to  be 
laid  the  true  teachings  of  our  loved  Church, 
a  task  a  deal  easier  for  us  on  tlijs  account. 
The  Scotch  Highlander  transplanted  to  Am- 
erican Valleys,  has  a  natural  bent  for  all 
the  "points"  of  Presbyterianism,  unless  per- 


haps we  except  baptism.  They  seem  to  have 
had  more  water  than  "light"  on  this  sub- 
ject. 

When  Dr.  Edward  O.  Guerrant  began  his 
great  work  among  the  mountains  of  Eastern 
Kentucky  in  1884,  he  found  an  astonishing 
need  for  churches  and  schools.  This  he  im- 
mediately sought  to  remedy.  He  organized 
more  congregations  than  the  church  could 
take  care  of,  and  much  ground  was  lost 
thereby.  It  is  well  to  remember  this  in  con- 
sidering the  "Tomorrow"  of  the  Mountains. 
Wherever  the  church  went,  frequently  a 
school  followed,  until  today  it  is  universally 
acknowledged  in  these  mountains  where  he 
worked,  that  Dr.  Guerrant  did  more  for 
Eastern  Kentucky  in  this  way,  than  any 
other  man  has  ever  done.  So  much  for  a 
little  glimpse  into  "Yesterday." 

Today,  we  see  the  fruits  of  this  early  or- 
ganization. The  Presbyterian  schools  in  this 
part  of  the  state  number  seven.  Lees  Col- 
legiate Institute  at  Jackson,  Highland  School 
at  Guerrant,  Canyon  Falls  Academy  at  Can- 
yon Falls,  Brooks  Memorial  Institute  at 
Canoe,  a  small  day  school  at  Athol,  Beech- 
wood  Seminary  at  Heidelberg,  and  Stuart 
Robinson  School  at  Indian  Bottom,  in  the 
New  Synod.  There  is  a  total  enrollment  in 
these  institutions  of  about  five  hundred 
scholars.  While  there  are  perhaps  fully  fifty 
workers  in  the  missions,  schools  and  church- 
es of  our  Church  in  Eastern  Kentucky,  most 
of  the  work  is  in  the  Synod  of  Kentucky 
which  has  more  mountain  work  than  any 
other  Synod  outside  the  Synod  of  Appalachia. 

From  Stuart  Robinson  to  Beechwood  there 
are  only  five  ordained  Southern  Presbyterian 
ministers,  only  two  being  in  "Beautiful 
Breathitt  and  Lovely  Lee."  The  work  that 
has  been  so  long  without  a  leader,  at  Haz- 
ard, now  has  an  efficient  leader.  Recently 
the  Methodist  Church  there  planned  to 
build  a  fifteen-thousand-dollar  church.  Our 


Canyon    Falls  Academy. 
Canyon  Falls.  Ky. 


Home 
Missions 


The  Missionary  Survey. 


207 


little  "church-house"  at  that  place  is  a  dis- 
grace to  Presbyterianism.  Hazard  is  one  of 
the  most  strategic  points  in  our  entire 
Church.  The  chtfrch  in  Beatyville  has  a  fear- 
ful debt  on  it,  that  is  crippling  its  growth; 
it  is  weak  and  needs  help.  Additional  equip- 
ment must  be  added  to  Lees  Institute  and 
Heidelberg  before  they  can  reach  out  to  the 
valleys  and  coves,  and  bring  in  pupils  who 
need  Christian  education.  •  Besides  this, 
Heidelberg  will  never  be  at  its  best  until  a 
teacher  is  given  Mr.  McDuffle,  so  that  he 
may  attend  to  the  school  and  church  with- 
out having  to  teach.  One  man  cannot  do 
three  men's  work  and  live.  Either  he  w- 
die,  or  the  work  will  suffer.  Mr.  McDuffie 
will  not  let  the  work  feel  the  pull. 

There  is  a  great  opportunity  at  Irvine,  in 
Estill  County.  Here  five  million  dollars  worth 
of  oil  has  been  taken  out  during  1916.  More 
than  in  any  other  one  field  east  of  the  Mis- 
sissippi River.  Irvine  and  Ravenna,  the  neV 
railroad  town,  have  a  population  of  4,000. 
and  more  people  would  come  if  there  were 
places  for  them  to  live.  Three  other  church- 
es have  work  there,  and  we  have  had  during 
the  summer.  But  the  greatest  opportunity 
is  now  at  Ravenna,  the  new  part  of  the  com- 
munity, with  1,000  souls  and  no  church. 
This  is  open  especially  to  us  if  we  will  go 
in  and  take  it.  but  the  old  story — no  money. 
If  present  prospects  are  not  deceptive,  here 
will  be  a  town  of  10,000  in  a  few  years. 
When  will  our  great  Church  attempt  to  go  up 
and  possess  its  part  of  the  field?  Probably 
when  it  is  too  late.  Certainly  this  will  be 
the  case,  if  we  do  not  act  quickly. 

A  vast  unoccupied  field  above  Quicksand, 
three  miles,  above  Jackson,  is  ready  to  have 
a  Mission  among  the  new  lumber  camps 
up  on  the  narrow  gauge.  The  pastor  at  ^ 
Jackson  is  trying  to  preach  at  least  monthly 
at  Quicksand,  where  there  are  over  1,000 
souls  in  the  camps — a  huge  saw  mill  and 
one  of  the  biggest  planing  mills  in  the 


L,ee.s    roliegiat*^    Institute,  Jackson,  Ky. 


Highland  College,  Guerrant,  Ky. 


South  are  there.  Work  is  being  done  by  the 
Methodists,  but  the  need  for  the  Presby- 
terian Church  at  Quicksand  is  unmistakable. 

Last  but  not  least  is  the  building  of  the 
"Guerrant  Memorial  Church"  at  Jackson, 
that  will  be  the  means  of  splendidly  equip- 
ping one  of  the  real  places  of  strategy  in 
the  mountains.  Our  main  points  must  be 
well  furnished  for  efficient  intensive  and  ex- 
tensive work. 

There  might  be  much  more  said  about 
Today,  but  what  has  been  said  may  "whet 
the  appetite"  for  him  who  wishes  to  make 
further  inquiry. 

Tomorrow !  What  about  tomorrow?.  It 
is  the  promise  of  a  far  greater  era,  a  far 
brighter  day.  Yesterday  we  did  what  we 
could,  and  through  the  efforts  of  the  great 
friend  of  the  mountains.  Dr.  Guerrant,  it 
marks  one  of  the  great  epochs  in  our  later 
Church  history.  Still,  our  inability  lost  us 
much  ground.  Today  we  are  only  holding 
our  own — that  is,  we  could  do  vastly  more — 
the  work  is  here  to  be  done.  Tomorrow? 
If  we  were  living  in  these  hills,  you  would 
^  see  this  dawn  of  a  beautiful  new  day.  Good 
roads  beginning  to  push  their  way  into  these 
mountain  fastnesses.  And  when  they  do — 
improved  farms,  easier  travel,  and  readier 
communication.  The  homes  where  are  mul- 
titudes of  the  fairest  American  children  in 
our  gieat  land,  in  reach  of  church,  Sunday 
school  and  day  school!  And  from  these 
homes  many  precious  souls,  many  redeemed 
of  the  Lord,  to  go  out  as  servants  of  the 
Great  King,  as  soldiers  of  the  Cross,  here 
and  yonder!  As  statesmen,  teachers,  mer- 
chants, chiefs,  and  leaders  of  men  and  wo- 
men, as  well  as  strong  citizens  who  have 
sense  enough  to  follow  wise  leaders.  Oh! 
that  our  Church  might  pray  more,  give  more, 
work  more;  push  out,  push  up,  and  push  on. 
Faint  not,  fight  on,  Tomorroic  comes  the 
song. 

Jackson,  Ky. 


Missionary  Survey  iiubscriber : 

There  is  a  matter  of  vital  importance  to  the  magazine  on  page  :!Uj  of  this 
number.     Please  be  sure  to  look  at  it. 


The  Missionary  Survey. 


[April,  1917J 


NOT  EASY,  BUT  PROMISING 

A  devoted  Mountain  woi'ker.  in  a 
l)er.sonal  letter,  writes: 

"I  came  here  December  29th  and 
started  a  INIission  school  January  1st. 
Have  ()S  enrolled,  ranging  in  age  t'l'om 


i 

A  Mountain  Home. 


:5  to  Vou  can  imagine  how  l)us\-  I 
am,  and  how  tired  at  the  close  of  each 
day — but  for  this  I  would  have  written 
you  earlier.  Please  pardon  the  pencil, 
the  ink  is  frozen. 

"Here  in  this  lonely  spot  is  a  great 
neglected  field !  No  lady  worker  has 
ever  been  here  before.  I  receive  no  sal- 


ary, and  the  people  can  scarcely  be- 
lieve this.  They  are  supposed  to  furnish 
me  food  and  fuel,  but  some  are  not 
able  to  do  e\"en  this.  jVIany  are  A^ery 
poor  and  thriftless.  Some  are  quite  well 
off.  The  latter  have  bought  the  lum- 
ber to  build  a  three-i'oom  Mission  cot- 
tage here.  I  live  now  in  a  mountain 
home,  and  through  the  cracks  in  the 
floor  I  can  see  the  snow. 

It  is  about  20  degrees  below  zero  at 
present,  and  a  regular  blizzard  is  rag- 
ing. No  rural  mail  for  days.  We  are 
about  7  miles  fi'oui  the  railroad,  and 
as  we  are  not  far  from  Montreat,  I 
hope  to  be  there  this  summei'.  I  walk- 
ed 12  miles  over  the  mountains  into 
North  Carolina  lately,  and  saw  Mt. 
Mitchell  for  the  first  time. 

"It  will  be  l)eMutiful  here  in  the 
spring.  The  balsam  trees  ami  rhodo- 
dendron are  lo\ely.  There  are  great 
orchards  around  her^  which  sell  thou- 
sands of  bushels  of  apples. 

"A  Presbyterian  minister  preaches 
for  us  once  a  month.  The  people  hope 
to  have  a  church  some  dav." 


THE  CHURCH  SCHOOL  AT  THE  CENTER. 

By  Rkv.  J.  F.  Men-ius. 


OI'K  three  ^Mi.-sions  in  C'ocko 
County  are  situated  along  thv 
slope  of  the  high  chain  of  moun 
tains  that  separates  Tennessee  from 
North  Carolina.  ^ 

All  that  we  can  do  is  to  touch  the 
edge  of  the  Avork  in  this  county.  When 
we  cross  over  into  Sevier,  or  climb  over 
the  state  line  into  Madison  and  Hay- 
wood, we  find  the  same  educational  and 
.spiritual  destitution  that  we  liave. 
around  thoe  missions.  Mo>t  of  our 
visiting  has  been  in  the  communities 
where  the  schools  are  located.  We  gel 
(o  each  of  tlieu)  once  a  month. 

We  have  just  returned  from  Eben- 
ezer,  where  we  held  t'oui'  services,  all 
well  attend('(l  for  the  wiiitei'  months. 


On  the  extra  Sabbath  we  go  out  into 
other  "settlements,"'  preach  in  some 
schoolhouse  or  church,  and  visit  in  a 
few  of  the  homes,  where  we  are  always 
welcomed.  For  the  past  six  months  we 
ha\e  gone  once  a  month  to  a  large 
lumber  plant  at  (^resmont,  N.  C.  Here 
are  almost  a  thousand  people,  with  no 
minister,  although  another  church  has 
an  organization.  I  have  known  the  doc- 
toi',  employed  by  the  Company  to  at- 
tend the  sick,  in  case  of  an  accident, 
administer  to  the  injured  as  long  as 
there  was  life,  then  hold  services  over 
the  body  at  the  grave.  All  who  have 
lived  in  a  lumber  camp  know  the  diffi- 
culty of  working  there.  There  is  no 
stability:   the   people   ai'e  constantly 


Home 

Missions 


The  Missionary  Sukvey. 


269 


<iiu  ouL'  schools  until  the 
others  close,  about  Christ- 
mas. But  two  serious 
(litficulties  confront  us; 
our  teachers  do  not  stay 
on  the  field  long  enough. 
For  instance,  during  the 
two  and  a  half  years  that 
I  ha^e  been  here,  we 
liave    had    ten  different 


riaytime  at  Ebenezer. 

changing.  Then  there  are  two 
distinct  chisses  of  society.  But 
we  have  diverged. 

Often  on  Suiulay  morning 
we  wish  we  might  visit  half  a 
dozen  i)laces  that  day.  It  is 
not  the  distance,  however,  that 
prevents,  but  the  difficulty  of 
getting  over  the  hills.  In  the 
Avinter.  we  think  that  when  the 
ice  and  snow  are  gone  we  can 
get  along  better;  in  the  sum- 
mer, that  if  it  were  just  cooler  we 
wouldn't  mind  the  climb. 

We  have  recently  started  a  night 
school  at  Hartford.  Though  the  nights 
have  been  unfavorable,  the  attendance 
has  been  good.  "We  ha\e  two  workers 
in  each  of  the  other  schools,  but  they 
are  able  to  reach  only  those  living  near. 
Our  buildings  are  not  large,  and  the 
teachers'  living  rooms  and  class  rooms 
take  about  all  the  space.  So  that  ])upils 
from  a  distance  cannot  be  accommo- 
dated. 

Then.  too.  oiu-  schools  arc  located 
too  near  the  county  schools,  and  instead 
of  being  a  help,  they  are  a  drawbacl< 
to  each  other.  Tiiis  situation  could  be 
relieved  by  our  teachers  taking  the  ex- 
aminations, attending  the  Teachers'  In- 
stitutes and  applying  for  the  county 
schools:  (ir  elst\  we  should  Avait  to  bo- 


Modein  RailspUtters  of  the  Mountains. 

Menius  i.s  holding-  the  axe. 


Mr. 


teachers  in  one  of  tlie  Missions, 
and  only  one  at  a  time:  and  then 
the  school  term  woidd  be  very 
short  before  work-time  on  the  farms. 
Can  this  difficult  problem  be  solved? 
I  have  a  suggestion,  but  it  'contains  in 
itself  a  real  difficulty, — that  we  estab- 
lish a  school  with  a  building  large 
enough  to  accommodate  all  the  grades, 
and  also  embrace  a  high  school  course ; 
also  a  manse,  so  that  our  minister,  Avho 
is  now  renting  a  house,  will  not  feel 
that  he  may  be  turiied  out  of  doors  at 
any  time.  Then  we  can  make  a  call  for 
Aolunteer  teachers  who  will  go  out  into 
the  surrounding  country  and  teach  for 
a  few  months  after  the  regular  schools 
close.  In  this  way  we  will  find  boys 
and  girls  who  really  want  and  will  take 
an  education :  and  those  who  cannot 
afford  to  go  out  of  the  mountains  to 


270 


The  Missionary  Survey, 


[April,  1917] 


school  can  be  sent  to  our  High  School. 
While  we  cannot  educate  all  the  chil- 
dren in  the  mountains,  we  ought  to 
help  those  who  will  be  the  leaders.  In- 
stead of  interfering^  with  the  State's 
work  of  education,  we  might  co-operate 
and  supplement.  But  how  promising 
does  this  appear  in  view  of  the  constant 
inquiry  of  our  Superintendent,  if  there 
is  not  some  way  we  can  help  reduce  ex- 
penses ? 
Hartford^  Tenn. 


Mr.  Menius'  suggestion  of  a  central 


school,  embracing  High  School  grades, 
is  in  line  with  recent  efforts  to  make 
education  more  accessible  and  general 
in  rural  districts.  In  "The  Church  of 
the  Open  Country"  such  schools  are  de- 
scribed, which  minister  to  the  educa- 
tional and  social  needs  of  an  extensive 
section.  Such  a  school,  similar  to  our 
splendid  institutions — Highland,  Beech - 
wood  and  Stuart  Robinson,  could  be 
made  an  immense  power  for  Christian 
education  and  the  cause  of  Christ  in 
our  entire  mountain  section. 

— Literary  Editor. 


CAN  YOU  TELL? 


1.  State  some  ways  by  which  we 
may  "Gain  the  Hour"  in  the  missionary 
enterprise. 

2.  What  response  was  made  to  a 
remark  about  the  Mountaineers — • 
"Y«onder  live  the  greatest  people  in  the 
Avorld?" 

3.  Mention  some  characteristics  of 
the  Mountain  people. 

>  4.  What  did  a  prominent  worker  in 
the  Mountains  of  Kentucky  say  of  the 
needs  of  Eastern  Kentucky? 

5.  Explain  the  tragedy  of  two 
young  men  digging  coal  at  $1.75  per 
day  from  a  hill,  formerly  owned  by 
their  father. 


6.  When  was  it  easier  to  get  men  to 
work  for  nothing  than  for  pay,  and 
with  what  result? 

7.  Mention  some  of  the  qualifica- 
tions of  a  Mountain  worker. 

8.  Give  the  steps  leading  to  the,  or- 
ganization of  a  church  at  Cullen  school- 
house. 

9.  What  connection  is  there  between 
oil  and  the  missionary  opportunity  at 
Irvine  and  Ravenna,  Ky.  ? 

10.  When  did  a  Mountain  mission- 
ary use  a  pencil  Avhen  writing. 

11.  State  Mr.  Menius'  plan  for  a 
central  school  in  his  field. 


REPORT  OF  TREASURER  OF  A  SSEMBLY'S  HOME  MISSIONS, 

FEBRUARY  28,  1917. 

1917  1916 

Churches   .  $  85,841.77       $  77,026.71 

Sabbath  Schools     4,085.56  3,847.87 

Societies   15,766.65  14,048.34 

Miscellaneous   30,570.67  36,643.70 

$136,264.65  $131,566.62 

Cost  of  work  to  February  28,  1917   $156,288.62 

Total  Receipts  to  February  28,  1917   136,264.65 

Deficit   $  20,023.97 

Indebtedness  from  1915-16   13,000.00 

%  33,023,97 


A.  N.  SHARP,  Treasurer. 


Borne 
Missions 


The  Missionary  Sukvey. 


271 


STIMULATING  HOME  MISSIONARY  BOOKS. 
•     "THE  TASK  THAT  CHALLENGES." 

By  Rf.v.  S.  L.  Morris,  D.  D. 


Presbyterian  Committee  of  Publi- 
cation, Richmond,  Va.  Cloth.  GOc; 
paper,  40c. 

This  new  book  deals  with  the  pres- 
ent day  problems  and  Outlook  of 
American  Home  Missions.  It  is  broad 
in  scope  and_ skilful  in  treatment. 

We  have  heard  much  of  Dr.  Eliot'.- 
Five  Foot  Shelf  of  Books,  the  read- 
ing of  which  will  give  a  liberal  edu- 
cation. It  might  as  truly  be  said 
that  the  careful  reading  of  this  one 
volume  will  give  a  liberal  education 
along  Home  Mission  lines,  especially 
as  concerning  the  South.  Its  thought- 
ful study  will  inevitably  bring  a 
keener  appreciation  of  the  tremen- 
dous opportunity  that  confronts  our 
great  Church.  These  (juotations  show 


the  urgency  of  The  Task  That  Chal- 
lenges. 

"The  two  greatest  enterprises  con- 
fronting the  world  in  the  20th  Cen- 
tury are  the  Evangelization  of  the 
World  and  the  Christianization  ol 
America." 

"In  the  early  days  of  Christianity, 
the  conflict  was  with  Judaism  and 
Paganism.  In  the  Dark  Ages  it  was 
with  a  corrupt  and  apostate  church. 
In  the  18th  Century  the  foe  was 
deism  and  infidelity.  In  the  19th 
Century  it  was  Materialism  and 
Commercialism;  but,  seeing  his  time 
is  short,  Satan  seems  to  be  marshal- 
ling all  the  foes  and  forces  of  the 
])ast  to  assault  the  citadel  of  faith 
in  this  tiOth  Century." 


"THE  GALAX  GATHERERS." 
"THE  GOSPEL  OF  THE  LILIES.' 

By  Rev.  Edward  O.  Guerrant,  D.  D. 


The  demand  for  these  two  bocks 
has  been  so  great  that  it  was  thought 
the  editions  had  been  exhausted.  A 
small  further  supply  has  just  been 
discovered,  and  copies  mav  be  or- 
dered from  Mr.s.  E.  O.  Guerrant, 
Wilmore,  Ky..  at  $1.00  each. 

Of  the  Galax  Gatherers,  Dr.  Eg- 
bert W.  Smith  said : 

"It  has  been  many  a  long  day 
since  I  have  read  a  juicier  record  of 
missionary  service  and  adventure 
than  'The  Galax  Gatherers.'  It  is 
impossible  to  imagine  Dr.  Guerrant 
saying  or  writing  a  dull  thing,  and 
this  little  book  flashes  and  sparkles 
all  the  way  through,  like  one  of  the 
mountain  brooks  pictured  in  its 
pages. 

"Read  it  with  an  open  heart.  It 


will  lift  you  to  mountain  tops,  both 
literal  and  spiritual.  And  it  will 
show  you  what  one  brave  man  can 
accomplish,  has  accomplished,  with 
God  behind  him." 

Of  the  Gospel  of  the  Lilies,  an- 
other prominent  minister  wrote: 

"The  messages  contained  in  this 
little  volume  have  resulted  in  the 
conversion  of  hundreds  of  people 
during  the  author's  ministry,  first 
in  a  fashionable  parish  in  Louisville, 
Ky.,  and  later  in  his  work  among 
the  people  of  the  Highlands  of  the 
South.  They  tell  the  'old,  old 
story'  with  the  convincing  eloquence 
of  absolute  simplicity.  The  weight 
of  their  own  truth  drives  them 
straight  home  as  only  a  sublime 
truth,  clearly,  tersely  stated  can." 

B.  E.  L. 


\ 

The  Missionary  Survey.  [April,  19171 


SENIOR  HOME  MISSION  PROGRAM  FOR  APRIL,  1917. 

Prepared  by  Miss  Barbara  E.  Lambdin. 

"Only  (I  thought.    But  the  itiork  it  icrought 
Could  never  by  tongue  or  pen  l)e  taught; 
For  it  ran  through  a  life  like  o  thread  of  gold. 
And  the  life  hare  fruit  a  hundred-fold." 


1.  Hymn — "Jesus  Is  a   Rock   in  a  Weary 

V  Land." 

2.  Prayer. 

3.  Transaction  of  Business. 

^  THE  RENAISSANCE  OF  THE  MOUNTAINS 

4.  Scripture  Verses  on  the  Mountains. 

5.  The  Present  Outlook   in   the  Mountain 

Missions. 

6.  The  Agencies  at  Work. 

7.  Roll  Call — Mountain  Evangelists. 

8.  What  Is  Being  Accomplished. 

9.  Story — "A  Missionary  Button  Box." 

10.  Recitation — "My  Master." 

11.  Hymn — "I  Gave  My  Life  For  Thee." 


12.  Prayer — For  all  who  labor  among  the 
Mountain  people,  in  evange- 
listic or  school  work;  that 
there  may  be  greater  response 
on  the  part  of  the  Church  to 
the  needs  of  this  promising 
field,  and  that  many  precious 
souls  may  be  won  for  Christ. 


Notes : 

5,  6,  8 — See  articles  in  this  number,  An- 
nual Report,  leaflets,  and  "The  Soul  Win- 
ner." 

7 — The  Church  Calendar  of  Prayer. 
.    9 — Junior  Department. 


MISSION  SCHOOL  SNAPSHOTS. 


•  I  ^fountain  Teacher  licports: 

"There  is  one  boy  in  our  school 
Avhose  awakening  has  been  very  re- 
markable. He  .seemed  at  first  a  hope- 
less case.  For  three  months,  try  as 
I  mioht,  I  could  not  interest  him. 
He  came  every  day  to  school,  but 
only  sat  and  stared,  and  he  Avould 
tremble  when  1  came  near  him.  I 
almost  o-ave  \\\)  hojie  for  him. 

"But  after  awhile  he  seemed  to 
arouse  somewhat  and  I  could  see 
that  he  improved  daily,  thouo-h  very 
slowly  at  first. 

"He  is  now  attentive  and  intelli- 
oent.  and  this  boy  that  I  had 
thoufiht  dull,  w(m  (me  of  the  medals 
at  the  clo.se  of  school-  Is  it  any 
wondei-  that  he  is  a  constant  joy  to 
me?  He  is  my  right  arm,  too,  for 
I  ca!i  depend  absolutely  upon  him. 

"The  boys  in  the  mountains  have 
never  ,been  accustomed  to  lifting 
their  hats  in  greeting,  and  it  was 
only  after  much  patient  effort  that  I 


induced  them  to  do  it.  Then  I  had 
such  a  time  persuading  them  to  wear 
neckties.  I  gave  each  boy  a  bright 
pretty  tie  and  showed  them  how  to 
put  it  on.  But  at  lunch  time  they 
were  all  off  except  this  little  fel- 
low's, whose  soul  God  has  let  me  help 
to  awaken.  Though  the  boys  made 
much  fun  of  him,  he  wore  the  tie  be- 
cause I  had  asked  him  to,  and  finally 
the  other  boys  were  won  over,  too. 

"He  is  a  splendid  little  fellow,  and 
the  transformation  in  his  own  life 
is  beino-  i-efiected  in  his  home.  The 
broken  fm-nitui'e  has  been  repaired, 
and  the  whole  place  cleaned.  The 
father  and  mother  are  trying  to  live 
more  useful,  happy  lives — and  what 
do  you  thiidf!  Five  of  the  children 
now  attend  Sunday  School  and  day 
school  regularly." 

This  is  a  sample  of  leaflets  sent  at 
one  cent  each  on  application  to  The 
Executive  Committee  of  Home  Mis- 
sions, 1522  Hart  Bldg.,  Atlanta.  Ga. 


MRS.  VAN'S  BUTTON  BOX. 

A  True  Narrative. 

It  had  been  a  series  of  accidents  that 
brought  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Van  Ness  to  the 
mountains  of  Kentucky.  Mr.  Van  Ness's 
health  had  failed,  he  had  given  up  his  po- 
sition in  the  business  world,  and  had  taken 
a  position  as  colporteur  of  the  Bible  Society. 
Through  the  Blue  Grass  district  of  Ken- 
tucky they  went  first,  and  then  on  up  into 
the  mountains, — which  two  regions  are  as 
utterly  dissimilar  as  if  the  gulf  which  di- 
vided Lazarus  from  Dives  rolled  between, 
instead  of  being  separated  by  only  a  few 
score  miles. 

She  was  a  plucky  little  woman,  and,  when 
she  saw  a  thing  going  wrong,  her  first  im- 
pulse was  to  do  what  she  could  to  right  it. 

"I  tell  you,  father,"  she  said,  when  they 
had  been  settled  for  a  week  at  the  hotel  at 
Mud  Lick,  "I  think  the  Lord  means  us  to 
stay,  and  do  His  work  right  here." 

"Why,  mother,"  said  the  old  gentleman, 
aghast  at  the  idea,  "how  you  talk!" 

"Yes,"  she  said,  nodding  her  head  briskly; 
"it  seems  clear  to  me  that  that's  what  "He 
brought  us  up  here  for." 

The  old  lady  carried  her  point,  as  she  al- 
ways did,  and  they  were  settled  in  the 
mountains. 

It  was  pathetic  to  hear  that  old  couple  ad- 
dress each  other.  No  little  lips  had  learned 
to  say  "father"  and  "mother," — their  three 
children  had  died  before  they  could  utter 
the  words — but  for  forty  years  the  two  had 
kept  up  the  form. 

For  two  years  the  work  had  been  pro- 
gressing slowly — so  slowly  that  it  took  the 
eye  of  faith  to  see  the  result — but  there  was 
progress. 

The  children  were  gathered  into  Sunday 
schools,  and  meetings  were  held  in  the 
schoolhouses — but  the  homes  showed  little 
change  as  yet.  It  is  hard  to  stem  the  current 
of  a  lifetime. 

A  great  city  church  paid  the  salaries  of 
the  missionaries,  but  Mrs.  Van — as  she  was 
called — had,    in    mountain    parlance,  "the 


heaviest  lift  of  the  log."  Periodically  came 
up  great  boxes  of  clothing  filled  with  all 
sorts  of  articles,  new  and  second-hand.  Some- 
times a  merchant  would  send  a  stock  of 
out-of-style  hats,  sometimes  old-fashioned 
shoes,  wraps  that  were  shop-worn.  But  how- 
ever unpromising,  the  deft  fingers  of  the 
good  woman  turned  all  to  use.  She  would 
cut  out  here  and  put  in  there;  she  would 
take  the  second-hand  hats  covered  with  flow- 
ers and  ribbons,  and  with  the  surplus  trim 
up  two  or  three  of  the  new  ones.  Doubtless 
the  court  milliner  would  have  been  amused 
at  her  bows  and  knots,  but  the  Mud-Lickers 
were  not  critical,  and  they  were  hailed  with 


Waiting  for  the  School  to  Come  to  Them. 
One  of  these  little  Mountain  girls  cannot 
read. 


274 


The  Missionary  Survey. 


[April,  1917] 


delight.  She  told  me  once  that  she  had  made 
three  trousseaux  out  of  one  of  our  boxes. 

It  was  all  grist  that  came  to  the  mill, 
except  when  the  College  Street  Church  sent 
in  their  barrel  a  great  box  of  buttons.  An 
old  merchant's  supply  it  must  have  been. 
There  were  buttons  of  all  shapes,  sizes, 
colors  and  materials. 

"Look,  father,  look!"  she  cried.  "What- 
ever will  I  do  with  all  these  buttons?  And 
there  were  so  many  things  I  was  hoping  to 
get." 

"Well,  mother,  maybe  you'll  find  a  use 
for  them  yet.  And,  after  all,  the  Lord  sent 
them.  I'd  put  them  away  and  they'll  be  sure 
to  come  handy  some  time." 

"That's  you,  father!  You  always  look  on 
the  best  side  of  things.  Maybe  I  shall  find  a 
use  for  them."  And  it  was  proved  afterward 
that  the  button  box  did  have  a  mission. 

The  untidiness  of  the  women  had  long 
vexed  Mrs.  Van's  righteous  soul.  They  pin- 
ned their  dresses  together  with  pins  and 
needles,  "whichever,"  as  they  said,  "come  the 
handiest."  And  the  natural  result  was  that 
gowns  were  always  gaping  open. 

One  day  at  a  meeting  in  the  schoolhouse, 
when  winter  was  coming  on,  the  gaps  in  the 
clothes  of  the  company  were  worse  than 
ever. 

"Why  don't  you  button  your  dress?"  she 
said  to  an  eighteen-year-old  girl,  who  had 
lost  all  her  pins.  "Don't  you  think  it  is  nicer 
not  to  have  them  come  open?" 

"Laws,  yes;  I  reckon  't  would  be.  But 
what's  the  use?  And,  'sides,  I  dunno  how." 

"I  will  show  you,"  persisted  the  lady. 

"It  would  be  a  sight  o'  trouble,  I  reckon; 
it's  a  heap  handier  just  to  pick  up  a  pin; 
and,  anyway,  I  ain't  got  no  buttons." 


Remembering  the  old  button  box,  Mrs. 
Van  said: 

"Suppose  I  give  you  some  pretty,  shiny, 
red  buttons.  Would  you  like  that?" 

The  girl's  eyes  gleamed.  Almost  like  In- 
dians is  the  love  of  these  people  for  beads. 

Mrs.  Van  pursued  her  advantage: 

"Well,  come  over  tomorrow  morning,  and 
we'll  pick  out  the  buttons,  and  I  will  show 
you  how  to  work  the  buttonholes." 

"And  you  won't  tell  the  others?"  said  the 
girl.  "No,  I  won't  tell  anybody." 

Punctually  the  next  morning,  before  Mrs. 
Van  was  through  cleaning,  Sarah  Jane 
Finney  presented  herself. 

"Now,"  said  the  lady,  getting  down  the 
great  box  of  buttons,  and  putting  it  on  the 
table,  "you  shall  choose  for  yourself." 

Sarah  Jane's  eyes  glittered.  She  had  never 
in  her  life  seen  such  beautiful  things. 

It  took  an  hour  to  make  the  selection; 
and  even  then  she  wavered  between  red 
glass,  gilt  balls,  and  pink  and  yellow  mot- 
tled agate.  But  finally  the  red  won  the  day, 
and  she  sat  down  to  her  buttonhole  making. 

It  was  not  the  work  of  one  morning,  or 
even  of  two.  The  thread  would  break,  the 
unaccustomed  fingers  were  clumsy!  But  the 
red  glass  balls  gave  Sarah  Jane  courage. 
The  better  part  of  a  week  it  took;  but  quite 
creditable  were  the  buttonholes,  into  which, 
with  trembling  fingers,  she  buttoned  the 
shining,  glistening,  red  spheres. 

A  profound  secret  it  had  been  kept.  At 
Sunday  school  she  made  an  appearance,  and 
never  did  a  Broadway  belle  attract  more  at- 
tention and  admiration  than  Sarah  Jane  in 
her  glorified  old  blue  cotton.  School  was 
scarcely  over  before  an  excited  group  sur- 
rounded the  proud  possessor  of  the  new  or- 


A  Quilting  Bee  in  the  Mountains. 


J  It  mors 


The  Missionary  Survey. 


275 


naments,  questioning,  exclaiming,  fingering 

"Where  did  you  get  'em,  Sarah  Jane?" 
was  the  query  from  all  sides. 

"She  gave  'em  to  me,"  pointing  to  Mrs. 
Van,  "she's  got  plenty  more!" 

Tumultuously  the  crowd  rushed  off  to  the 
little  lady,  who  was  delighted  at  the  ease 
with  which  she  accomplished  one  of  the 
great  desires  of  her  heart. 

Next  day  was  organized  the  sewing  class 
of  Mud  Lick;  for  the  girls  were  all  in  fran- 
tic haste  to  learn  to  make  buttonholes — 
that  being  necessary  to  getting  the  buttons. 
So,  in  they  came  trooping,  each  with  a  dress 
of  some  kind  in  her  hands. 

"Don't  you  think,  Jemima,"  said  Mrs.  Van 
to  the  first  who  brought  hers  up  to  be 
showed  how,  "that  you  could  work  on  it 
better  if  it  were  a  little  cleaner?" 

All  looked  down  in  dismay  at  their  own 
soiled  gowns,  then  up  at  Mrs.  Van's  tidy 
brown  and  white  calico  and  spotless  apron, 
and  nobody  spoke  a  word. 


"Suppose,  girls,"  said  the  lady,  "you  begin 
to  learn  on  some  pieces  I  have;  then,  when 
you  have  washed  the  dresses,  we  will  go  to 
work  on  them."  Wise  Mrs.  Van. 

Christmas  was  upon  them  by  the  time  the 
buttons  were  all  in  place.  Then  the  girls 
shrank  from  wearing  the  clean  and  mended 
gowns — for  that  had  been  accomplished  too 
— over  the  untidy  floors.  So  a  grand  winter 
cleaning  took  place  in  all  the  houses. 

Then  father's  shirts  were  washed,  and  the 
boy's  clothes  overhauled,  till  by  spring  so 
many  demands  were  made  on  it  that  there 
was  not  a  button  left  in  the  box;  even  the 
odd  ones  had  been  used.  "What  was  the  use 
of  having  'em  all  alike?"  they  said. 

"And  to  think  if  it  hadn't  been  for  you, 
father,  I  would  have  been  complaining  about 
that  old  button  box  yet;  it's  been  the  best 
thing  that's  come  to  me;  but  you're  always 
in  the  right,  father,"  said  the  old  lady,  with 
her  face  fairly  beaming  with  delight. 

Lee  Younge, 
In  The  Christian  Missionary. 


THINE  OWN  TO  BE. 


Just  as  I  am.  Thine  own  to  be, 
Friend  of  the  youn^.  WTio  lovest  me: 
To  consecrate  myself  to  Thee, 
O  Savior  dear,  I  come. 

In  the  glad  morning  of  my  day, 
My  life  to  give,  my  vows  to  pay. 
With  no  reserve  and  no  delay, 
With  all  my  heart.  I  come. 


I  would  live  ever  in  the  light : 
I  would  work  ever  for  the  right; 
I  would  serve  Thee  with  all  my  might; 
Therefore  to  Thee  I  come. 

Just  as  I  am,  young,  strong  and  free, 
To  be  the  best  that  I  can  be. 
For  truth  and  righteousness  and  Thee. 
Lord  of  my  life,  I  come. 

— ^Selected. 


JUNIOR  HOME  MISSION  PROGRAM  FOR  APRIL,  1917. 

Prepared  by  Miss  Barbara  E.  Lambdin. 

"  If  there  be  some  weaker  one. 

Give  me  strength  to  help  him  on; 
If  a  Hinder  soul  there  be 
Help  me  guide  him  nearer  Thee." 


1.  Hymn — "In  the  Harvest  Field." 

2.  The  Lord's  Prayer — in  concert. 

3.  Business. 

IN  SKYLAND. 

4.  "I  Have  a  Saviour." 

5.  Psalm  121 — in  concert. 

6.  Prayer — For  all  who  labor  for  Jesus  in 

our  great  Mountain  Region. 

7.  Recitation — "Thine  Own  To  Be." 

8.  Some  Sky  Pilots  in  Skyland. 

9.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Van,  Sky  Pilots. 

10.  Hymn — "Dare  To  Be  Brave." 

11.  Recitation — "Little  Homes  in  the  Moun- 

tains." 


12.  A  Highland  Girl  at  School. 

13.  Hymn  —  "Hark,     'Tis    the  Shepherd's 

Voice." 

14.  Prayer — Of   thanks,    for   tender  hearts 

that  hasten  to  the  cry  of  need, 
and  for  aspiring  souls  every- 
where that  they  may  be 
brought  to  the  knowledge  of 
the  Lord  Jesus. 


Notes  : 

8 — Short,  bright  account  of  Missionary 
Work  in  the  Mountains. 


270 


The  Missionary  Survey. 


[April,  1917] 


LITTLE  HOMES 

Little  homes  in  the  mountains, 

Little  homes  in  the  hills, 
Up  where  the  snow-born  fountains 

Melt  in  a  score  of  rills; 

Reared  where  the  day  uncloses. 
Up  where  the  day  is  born, 

Each  with  its  garth  of  roses. 
Each  with  its  patch  of  corn. 

Shack  of  the  logger's  rearing. 

Hut  in  the  craggy  glen, 
Cot  in.  the  sun-washed  clearing, 

Homes  of  the  mountain  men  ! 


THE  MOUNTAINS. 

Men  of  the  larger  pattern, 

Men  of  the  cleaner  lives. 
Fathers  of  cleai'-eyed  children. 

Husbands  of  plain-clad  wives. 

Strong  with  the  day  for  labor, 
Calm  when  the  evening  comes. 

Wise  in  the  simpler  wisdom, 
Blest  in  their  little  homes. 

Up  where  the  days  are  tranquil, 
Up  where  the  nights  are  cool — 

Little  homes  in  the  mountains, 
Clustered  about  a  school ! 

— Selected. 


JIMBO,  A  BRAVE  YOUNG  CITIZEN  OF  AFRICA. 


By  Mas.  Mary  Lou  Stockwkij.. 


I WANT  to  tell  you  about  our  Jimbo. 
His  own  father  was  one  of  Chief 
Wembo-Niama's  headmen,  or  Ka- 
pita,  as  they  are  called  in  the  language 
of  the  tribe.  Now,  there  were  other 
Kapitas,  who  were  jealous  of  the  love 
which  Wembo-Niama  gave  to  Jimbo's 
father,  and  what  do  you  think  they 
did?  They  got  a  "wici"  (medicine  man) 
to  prepare  a  poison  for  him.  It  was 
made  to  look  like  snuff;  and  when  it 
was  given  to  him, 
he  died  after  only  a 
few  hours. 

Jimbo  lived  on 
awhile  with  his 
mother  in  a  village 
which  is  about  two 
hours'  walk  from 
our  mission.  By 
and  by  his  mother 
died  also  with  the 
dreadful  sleep  i  n  g 
disease.  When  Mr. 
Stockwell  and  I 
hud  been  at  our 
mission  for  only 
three  weeks,  we 
were  taken  ill  and 
needed  another  bov 


Greetings 
Survey 
from 
Morgan 


to  thp 
readers 
Juliana 
(two 


and  a  half  years 
old),  Haichow. 
China. 


to  help  care  for  us.  We  needed 
a  water  carrier.  Jimbo  came  and 
asked  for  the  job.  When  he  was 
brought  into  our  room,  he  looked  the 
least  promising  of  all  the  children  we 
had  seen.  His  eyes  were  as  big  as  sau- 
cers with  wonder  and  fright.  He  was 
actually  in  the  house  of  a  white  person  ! 
To  him  the  thought  was  wonderful. 
There  was  not  a  clean  spot  on  his  poor 
little  body;  and  his  only  clothing  was 
a  dirty  little  rag  tied  around  his  waist, 
not  reaching  half-way  to  his  knees. 
Even  though  he  looked  hopeless,  we 
decided  to  give  him  a  trial  because  we 
needed  a  water  boy  so  much. 

We  found  that  we  were  mistaken  in 
our  thought  of  him,  for  he  went  about 
his  work  always  with  a  happy  good  will 
and  saw  many  things  to  do  without 
even  being  toid.  He  soon  came  to  be 
our  most  trusted  servant,  and  he  is  the 
one  now  who  cares  for  our  darling 
baby,  Lambuth. 

Last  year  he  was  converted  and  bap- 
tized and  you  cannot  imagine  how  he 
is  continuously  tempted  to  do  bad, 
wicked  things  and  how  he  always 
stands  true.  Jimbo's  father  had  a  fel- 
low Kapita  who  was  a  true  friend.  His 
name  is  Mukonda.    Since  Jimbo's  fa- 


■Juniors 


The  Missionary  Sur\t;y. 


277 


ther  died  he  has  called  Mukonda  papa. 
Mukonda  lives  here  and  is  still  one  of 
Wembo-Niama's  trusted  men.  t'or 
weeks  he  has  been  sick  with  a  dreadful 
loathsome  disease ;  and  Jimbo  has  been 
through  a  very,  very  hard  trial. 

It  happened  this  way :  Mukonda,  in- 
stead of  sending  to  our  mission  for  the 
physician,  sent  for  the  medicine  man. 
This  witch  doctor  told  ^lukonda  to 
send  for  Jimbo  to  come  home  and  to 
send  him  to  the  woods  for  a  certain 
kind  of  leaf,  which  should  be  cooked  in 
hot  water  until  well  boiled  down,  and 
then  they  should  eat  it  in  their  food, 
and  Mukonda  would  be  well  instantly. 

Of  course  Jimbo  went  home  at  once: 
but  when  he  was  told  the  orders  of  the 
witch  doctor,  he  said :  "Xo :  I  cannot 
do  that.  I  am  a  child  of  Nzambi  (the 
name  of  God),  and  Nzambi  does  not 
want  us  to  obey  the  witch  doctor." 

The  witch  doctor  and  all  of  Mu- 
konda's  wives  and  family  then  told 
Jimbo  that  his  heart  was  bad.  They 
said:  "Did  not  Mukonda  take  you  in 
as  a  son?  Is  this  the  way  you  repay 
him — by  letting  him  die?  And  you 
could  make  him  well  if  you  would." 
Poor  Jimbo !  It  was  a  terrible  tempta- 


tion, but  he  stood  firm  and  said:  "No; 
I  cannot  obey  the  witch  doctor.  He  is 
a  child  of  the  devil.  I  am  a  child  of 
Nzambi. 

All  the  following  day  Jimbo  seemed 
sad;  but  I  did  not  ask  him  the  trouble, 
knowing  he  would  come  himself  and 
tell  me.  By  and  by  he  did  tell  me  all 
this,  and  there  were  tears  in  his  eyes. 
He  was  so  troubled.  What  was  he  to 
do?  Mr.  Stockwell  had  a  long  talk  with 
Jimbo  and  then,  with  our  Christian 
physician,  went  to  see  Mukonda ;  and 
God  was  with  them,  for  Mukonda  says 
he  wants  the  white  man's  medicine  and 
has  told  the  witch  doctor  to  begone, 
that  he  will  have  no  more  of  him.  Mu- 
konda has  also  promised  Jimbo  that  he 
v.'ill  turn  over  his  stomach  (meaning 
his  heart)  to  Nzambi  and  that  he  will 
go  to  church  and  learn  the  "palava" 
(the  affairs)  of  God  from  the  Christian 
teachers. 

We  hope  for  great  things  from  our 
Jimbo,  and  some  other  time  I  will  tell 
you  more  about  him  and  the  trouble  he 
has  had  with  the  witch  doctors  where 
he  goes  twice  each  week  to  tell  the  peo- 
ple, as  best  he  can,  the  story  of  Nzambi. 

— The  Young  Christian  Worker. 


JUNIOR  FOREIGN  MISSION  PROGRAM  FOR  APRIL,  1917. 


Arranged  by  Miss  Margaret  McNeilly. 

Topic — Africa. 
Song — Selected. 
Scripture  Reading — Isaiah  35. 
Prayer. 
Minutes. 

Roll  Call — Answer  with  the  name  of  a  Sta 

tion  in  Africa. 
Collection  Song. 
Offering. 
Business. 

Song— The  Old,  Old  Story. 

Recitation — The  Prayer  of  Livingstone. 

ABOUT  AFRICA. 
A  Day  in  West  Africa. 
Mone  Fam  Mbilibili. 
Child  Life  in  Africa. 

Song — Jesus  Loves  the  Children. 

Close  by  repeating  the  23rd  Psalm  in  con- 
cert. 

Suggestions. 
When  the  roll  call  is  answered,  let  the 


children  tell  something  of  interest  about  the 
station  mentioned. 

If  the  recitation  seems  too  long  for  one 
child,  let  several  children  learn  different 
verses.  Let  the  Leader  tell  the  incident  on 
which  the  poem  is  written,  the  circum- 
stancesi  of  Livingstone's  death. 

Ask  the  children  to  remember  the  African 
missionaries  in  their  prayers  each  day. 
They  need  help  and  guidance  at  this  time 
of  war  and  trouble. 

Question  books  on  Africa  will  be  found 
helpful.  Supplied  by  Executive  Committee 
of  Foreign  Missions,  Nashville,  Tenn.  Price, 
5  cents. 


^^^^^^  •  The  above  program  with  leaf- 
^  ^  "  •  lets  to  carry  it  out,  may  be  had 
from  the  Elxecutive  Committee  of  Foreign 
Missions,  154  Fifth  Ave.,  N.,  Nashville,  Tenn. 
Single  copy,  10  cents.  Subscription  for  the 
year$l.  These  programs  are  issued  the  15th 
of  each  month  for  use  the  succeeding  month. 


Rev.  S.  H.  Chester,  D.  D.,  Editoe,  154  Fifth  Avenue,  North,  Nashvh-le  Tenn. 


MONTHLY  TOPIC— AFRICA. 


THE  woi'k  of  our  African  Mis- 
sion has  been  carried  on  dur- 
ing the  past  year  under 
many  difficulties  and  embarrass- 
ments. Transportation  facilities  have 
been  greatly  interfered  i  t  h  by 
war  conditions,  and  the  missionaries 
have  been  subjected  to  vexatious  delays 
in  receiving  their  supplies.  At  one  time 
they  were  entirely  out  of  medicine  and 
might  have  suffered  seriously  if  one  of 
the  State  Hospitals  had  not  come  to 
their  relief. 

The  native  church  has  experienced 
much  persecution  at  the  hands  of  Ro- 
man Catholic  priests  and  their  follow- 
ers, the  opposition  from  this  quarter 
having  been  more  bitter  and  more  an- 
noying than  in  any  preceding  year. 
They  circulated  all  kinds  of  slanderous 
reports  about  our  Protestant  mission- 
aries, which  at  first  obtained  some  cre- 
dence, but  which  ultimately  resulted 
in  discrediting  their  own  veracity. 
Without  having  resorted  to  any  means 
of  self-protection  the  missionaries  have 
had  the  satisfaction  of  seeing  these  at- 
tacks re-act  upon  the  heads  of  those 
who  made  them,  to  their  own  confu- 
sion. 

Notwithstanding  these  difficulties, 
the  work  of  the  Mission  during  the 
year  has  had  most  extraordinary  suc- 
cess. The  total  number  of  additions  by 
baptism  was  2,672,  which  is  785  more 
than  the  largest  number  received  in  any 
previous  year  and  1,468  more  than  the 
number  received  last  year. 

This  large  in-gathering  is  partly  ex- 


plained by  the  fact  that  there  have 
been  more  missionaries  on  the  field, 
making  possible  the  more  extensive 
visitation  of  the  out-stations.  It  is  also 
partly  accounted  for  by  the  increased 
efficiency  of  the  native  evangelists, 
which  has  naturally  resulted  from  their 
longer  experience  in  the  work  and  the 
better  facilities  for  their  training 
which  the  Mission  now  has,  as  com- 
pared with  former  years. 

Church  Organization. 

In  the  organization  of  the  Native 
Church,  the  Mission  has  wisely  fol- 
lowed the  plan  of  first  ordaining  some 
native  to  the  office  of  ruling  elder,  and 
then  setting  apart  such  of  these  as  de- 
veloped gifts,  to  the  evangelistic  work. 
Of  those  previously  set  apart,  it  is 
planned  to  ordain  three  during  the 
present  year  to  the  full  work  of  the 
gospel  ministry  and  to  install  them  as 
pastors. 

Self- Support. 
Much  emphasis  is  being  placed  upon 
the  matter  of  self-support,  and  to  this 
end  the  practice  of  the  tithe  has  been 
insisted  on  and  has  been  adopted  by  a 
large  proportion  of  the  church  mem- 
bers and  by  practically  all  of  the 
church  officials. 

Medical  Work. 
The  McKowen  Hospital  at  Luebo, 
which  was  begun  last  year,  was  almost 
completed  when  the  Annual  Eeport 
was  written.  While  Dr.  Stixrud  was 
on  the  field  he  performed  a  large  num- 


Foreign 
Uigsiont 


The  Missionary  Survey. 


279 


ber  of  major  operations  and  treated 
thousands  of  patients.  He  is  now  at 
home  on  furlough,  and  the  writer  of 
the  report  says  that  people  from  Luebo 
and  from  the  far  out-stations  are  filing 
applications  for  surgical  operations  to 
be  performed  as  soon  as  Dr.  Stixrud 
returns.  Unfortunately,  owing  to  some 
technical  difficulty,  the  Bureau  of  Nat- 
uralization at  Washington  has  declined 
to  give  Dr.  Stixrud  his  naturalization 
papers,  without  which  he  cannot  se- 
cure a  passport,  and  without  a  passport 
it  will  not  be  possible  for  him  to  re- 
turn to  Africa  in  the  present  state  of 
international  relations. 

Industrial  School  and  Farm, 
Owing  to  the  building  operations 
which  Mr.  Hillhouse  has  been  superin- 
tending, he  has  not  been  able  to  devote 
as  much  time  as  formerly  to  agricul- 
tural experimentation,  but  the  farm 
has  greatly  added  to  the  comfort  and 
help  of  the  missionaries  at  Luebo  by 
keeping  them  supplied  with  fresh 
fruits  and  vegetables.  This  fact  has 
also  greatly  lessened  the  inconvenience 
which  the  station  would  otherwise  have 
suffered  from  failure  to  receive  their 
usual  imported  supplies.  The  brick 
yard  has  been  the  principal  feature  of 
the  Industrial  plant  during  the  year, 
having  turned  out  about  400,000  of  the 
best  brick  ever  seen  in  the  Congo. 

Relations  With  the  State. 
It  is  a  remarkable  fact  that  the  Bel- 
gian officials,  although  the  natives  knew 
they  had  no  home  support  at  all,  have 
been  able  to  maintain  their  authority, 
and  that  there  has  been  no  rumor  even 
of  an  uprising  of  the  people.  This  fact 
speaks  volumes  for  the  change  that  has 
taken  place  in  the  treatment  of  the  na- 
tives by  the  officials.  On  account  of  this 
change  there  has  been  very  little  diffi- 
culty in  the  matter  of  maintaining 
pleasant  relations  between,  the  State 
officials  and  the  missionaries.  The  only 
exception  to  these  pleasant  relations  is 
that  which  has  occurred  in  connection 


with  the  Belgian  Catholic  priests,  re- 
ferred to  above. 

Present  Conditions. 
The  recent  proclamation  of  the  Ger- 
man submarine  blockade  and  the  break 
in  our  diplomatic  relations  with  that 
country  will  probabh-  make  it  impcs- 
sible  for  missionaries  to  go  or  come  to 
or  from  Africa,  so  that  there  can  be  no 
reinforcement  of  the  Mission  while 
this  situation  exists.  All  the  more 
should  we  rejoice  in  the  growing 
strength  of  the  native  church,  and  at 
what  has  already  been  accomplished  in 
providing  facilities  for  the  training  of 
native  workers,  and  for  the  literary 
work  which  has  been  done  by  Dr.  Mor- 
rison and  others,  which  will  furnish  to 
the  native  church,  not  all  it  needs,  but 
what  is  absolutely  essential,  to  its  prop- 
er training  and  growth.  In  the  final 
analysis  it  is  on  this  native  church  that 
we  must  depend  for  carrying  forward 
to  its  completion  the  great  work  of 
evangelism  and  Christian  training 
which  our  African  Mission  has  so  au- 
spiciously begun. 

Heroism  for  One's  Country,  and 
Heroism  for  the  Kingdom  of  God. 
We  wish  to  repeat  for  the  readers  of 
The  Survey  with  emphasis  some  things 
that  were  said  in  the  December  Num- 
ber of  The  Assembly  Herald  on  this 
subject.  After  describing  the  fearful 
sacrifices  that  have  been  and  are  being 
willingly  made  by  Great  Britain  and 
her  allies,  and  also  by  Germany  and  her 
allies  in  the  present  world-conflict,  the 
unprecedented  offering  of  money  and 
of  life  that  is  being  laid  on  the  altar  of 
national  patriotism,  the  writer  goes  on 
to  say: 

"Such  a  spirit  of  heroism  must  stir 
deep  thoughts  in  our  own  hearts.  We 
who  belong  to  the  Kingdom  of  Christ 
can  find  no  argument  to  make  us  be- 
lieve that  patriotism  has  any  greater 
claims  upon  us  than  loyalty  to  Christ's 
Kingdom.  The  greatest  heroism  the 
world  has  ever  known  has  been  reveal- 


280 


The  Missionary  Survey. 


[April,  1917] 


ed  in  its  behalf.  Jesus  Christ  has  given 
to  men  the  loftiest  dreams  of  devotion 
that  have  ever  stirred  the  human  heart. 

"We  have  a  right  to  review  our  own 
personal  lives  in  the  light  of  the  hero- 
ism and  devotion  of  Europe  in  its  hour 
of  anguish.  Do  I  find  myself  any  more 
willing  to  devote  my  life  to  a  great 
ideal  in  Christ's  name  than  I  did  two 
years  ago?  If  not,  then  God's  greatest 
challenge  ever  issued  to  the  human  race 
finds  me  asleep.  Would  it  not  be  a 
splendid  proof  of  our  Christian  ideal- 
ism if  thousands  of  business  men 
should  reach  the  conviction  that  they 
would  save  no  profits  made  during  the 
war  years,  but  would  lay  all  their  sur- 
plus earnings  upon  Christ's  altar  for 
relief  and  for  the  advancement  of  His 
Kingdom  ? 

"Must  we  not  redouble  our  gifts  and 
diffuse  the  spirit  of  service  in  greater 
intensity  than  ever  before?  Little  New 
Zealand,  after  paying  her  huge  war 
bills  and  sending  a  quarter  of  a  million 
of  her  wage  earners  to  the  front,  has 
given  eighteen  times  per  capita  for  the 
voluntary  relief  funds  what  rich  Amer- 
ica has  given.  Reports  state  that  Eng- 
land, despite  the  terrific  drain  of  war 
costs,  has  given  thirty  times  per  capita 
what  America  has  given  to  the  volun- 
tary funds  for  the  relief  of  Belgium, 
French  orphans,  Serbian  war  widows, 
etc.  We  have  not  yet  reached  the  deep- 
est note  of  our  devotion  or  the  highest 
peaks  of  our  privilege." 

A  Korean  Poet. 
The  poet  is  a  man  who  has  a  sensi- 
tive side  to  the  ideal  and  spiritual 
world.  He  is  therefore  often  called 
a  Seer.  The  prophets  of  the  Old  Testa- 
ment were  all  poets,  and  some  of  the- 
sublimest  poetry  extant  is  found  in 
their  writings.  It  was  because  of  their 
natural  adaptation  for  the  prophetic 
office,  growing  out  of  their  poetic  na- 
ture, that  they  were  chosen,  as  we  be- 
lieve, to  be  the  Seers  and  revealers  of 
those  spiritual  things  which  are  hidden 


to  the  natural  man  and  doubly  hidden 
to  the  man  without  poetic  insight. 

These  men  endowed  with  the  poetic 
gift  are  found  in  every  nation,  and 
among  them  will  be  found  in  every  na- 
tion, even  those  nations  that  have  re- 
ceived no  Divine  revelation,  some  who 
are  seekers  after  and  worshippers  of 
the  unknown  God.  Life  in  Korea  for 
many  centuries  past  has  afforded  little 
room  for  poetry  and  sentiment,  being 
absorbed  as  the  great  mass  of  the  peo- 
ple have  been  in  an  intense  struggle 
for  existence,  with  three  meals  of  rice 
a  day  as  the  goal  of  their  ambition. 

Nevertheless,  Korea  has  had  its  poets, 
one  of  whom,  Choi  Chi-wun,  lived 
something  over  a  thousand  years  ago. 
He  produced  some  poems  which,  if  the 
translation  of  them  reported  in  the 
Korea  magazine  for  January  is  cor- 
rect, would  place  him  alongside  of  the 
English  Chaucer  in  point  of  merit  and 
poetic  endowmen.  As  an  illustration 
of  this  we  give  the  following  descrip- 
tion of  the  Sea  Gull : 

The  Sea  Gull. 
"So  free  art  thou  to  ride  the  running 
white-caps  of  the  sea,  rising  and  falling  with 
the  rolling  waters!  When  you  lightly  shake 
your  feathery  skirts  and  mount  aloft,  you 
are  indeed  the  fairy  of  the  deep.  Up  you 
soar,  and  down  you  sweep,  serenely  free 
from  taint  of  man  or  of  the  dusty  world. 
Your  practised  flight  must  have  been  learned 
in  the  abodes  of  the  genii.  Enticements  of 
the  rice  or  millet  fields  have  no  power  to 
woo  thee,  but  the  spirit  of  the  winds  and 
moon  are  what  your  soul  delights  in.  I 
think  of  Chang-ja  who  dreamed  of  the  fairy 
butterfly;  surely  I,  too,  dream  as  I  behold 
thee." 

Several  other  quotations  of  similai- 
character  are  given  in  the  magazine 
article  referred  to. 

More  remarkable  than  this,  however, 
is  a  prayer  which  he  wrote  at  the  age 
of  twenty-four  for  General  Ko  Pyung. 
whose  secretary  he  was  at  the  time. 
This  prayer  was  made  for  General  Ko 
Pyung  by  a  certain  Buddhist  priest  in 
the  Chou  Wang  Hall  of  the  Law  Cloud 
Temple  at  Seoul,  and  is  as  follows: 

"I  make  my  petition  to  the  shining  Bud- 
dha who  is  all  loving  and  all  merciful,  the 
great  Kwan-se-eum.    When  the  forces  of  all 


Foreign 
UUaiont 


The  Missionary  Survey. 


281 


the  Buddha,  where  the  elders  have  their 
disciples  about  them,  and  where  God  Himself 
rules  from  His  holy  temple,  my  prayer  may 
be  heard  by  the  all-merciful  and  all-loving 
One  whose  religion  has  come  to  this  Eastern 
land  of  ours.  Thy  footsteps  mark  all  the  way 
from  the  West.  Save  now,  I  pray  Thee,  all 
those  bound  for  Hades.  Please  leave  for  a 
little  your  high  office  in  heaven,  come  and 
comfort  the  sick,  and  touch  them  with  the 
hand  that  heals;  and  grant  that  by  virtue 
of  calling  on  Thy  Name  we  may  escape 
from  this  net  of  destruction.  May  Thy  life- 
boat quiet  the  waves  of  the  restless  sea, 
and  Thy  sword  of  wisdom  defend  us  from 
the  forces  of  sin  and  from  the  darkness  of 
the  night.  Let  the  Lamp  of  Thy  knowledge, 
which  enlightens  the  heart  of  God,  and  the 
sound  of  Thy  drum,  cause  the  spirit  of  the 
enemy  to  melt,  and  let  Thy  silence  dissipate 
all  the  evils  of  the  world.  Open  the  gate  of 
peace  and  safety  to  all  mortals  so  that  they 
may  gain  entry  to  Thy  house  of  love  and 
mercy." 

This  prayer  would  indicate  that  both 
the  man  who  wrote  it  and  the  man  for 
whom  it  was  written  were  not  far  from 
the  kingdom  of  God,  and  we  believe 
that  if  some  messenger  of  the  king- 
dom might  have  been  sent  to  them  in 
that  far-off  day  they  would  have  heard 
him  gladly. 


View  of  Kwang-ju,  Korea. 


evil  rise  up  against  us  and  overcome  us, 
then  the  dust  of  the  earth  hides  all  one's 
vision  and  the  waves  of  the  sea  lash  fu- 
riously. At  such  a  moment  it  is  vain  for 
kings  to  fix  their  eyes  on  great  leaders,  for 
the  very  stars  themselves  afford  no  hope. 
Our  king  is  like  the  great  rulers  of  Han, 
but  still  the  mid-heaven  sun  never  shines 
but  once  on  the  same  day.  I  wonder  why 
God  feeds  the  vultures  and  owls,  why  the 
earth  supports  the  caterpillars  of  destruc- 
tion, and  why  the  forces  of  evil  fight  and 
find  peace  and  content,  while  brave  soldiers 
are  broken  and  defeated. 

"With  the  insignia  of  military  power  in 
hand,  and  with  a  heart  full  of  purpose  and 
desire  to  set  fire  to  the  dry  remnants  of  the 
enemy,  and  to  save  these  who  have  fallen. 
I,  with  an  earnest  heart  that  looks  up  to 
the  Buddha,  anxious  to  observe  and  do  the 
righteous  deed,  and  ever  remembering  the 
Merciful  One's  goodness,  come  to  make  my 
prayer. 

"In  this  world  of  ours  there  are  those 
pierced  and  fallen  from  the  spear,  and  those 
dying  from  disease.  Give  me  the  power  of 
the  great  Physician  and  make  me  like  a 
loving  Father  to  the  worn-out  body,  and  to 
those  diseased  in  mind.  On  this  15th  day 
of  the  1st  Moon  I  have  cleansed- and  brought 
the  offerings  as  the  fresh  dew  is  still  upon 
the  ground  and  the  clean  breath  of  the 
morning  stirs  the  fragrant  flowers.  My 
though  is  that  here  in  this  quiet  abode  of 


OUR  CONGO  MISSION 


1891  —  TWENTY-SIX  YEARS  — 1917 


LUEBO 

Rev.  W.  M.  Morrison 

Rev.  &  Hrs.  Hotte  Aartin 

Dr.  &  Mrs.  L.  J.  Coppedge 

Rev.  &  Mrs.  A.  L.  Edmiston  (c) 

Rev.  &  Mrs.  L.  A.  DeYampert  (c) 

Miss  Maria  Fearing (c) 

Rev.  &  Mrs.  C.  L.  Crane 

Mr.  T.  J.  Arnold,  Jr. 

Miss  Eida  M.  Fair 

fir.  W.  L.  Hillhouse 

Rev.  &  rirs.  T.  C.  Vinson 

Rev.  5.  H.  Wilds 

Dr.&  Mrs.T.T.  Stixrud 

Rev.  &  Mrs.  A.  C.  McKinnon 

Mr.&  Mrs.T.Daumery 

Rev.&  Hrs. J. W.Allen 

Miss  Grace  E.Miller 

Mr.  B.M.Sch  (otter 


LUEBO 

Rev. &  rirs.  W.  F.  McElroy 
Mr.&  Mrs.C.R.Stegall 

mUTOTO 

Rev.&  Mrs.  Geo.  T.McKee 
Rev.  A.  A.  Rochester  (c) 
Rev.&  Mrs.Plumer  Smith 
Dr.&  Mrs.  Robt.R. King 

LUSAMBO 

Rev.  &  Mrs.  J.  McC.Sieg 
Rev.&  Mrs.  R.  D.  Bedinger 
Dr.  &  Mrs.  E.  R.  Kellersberger 

BULAPE 

Rev.  &  Mrs.  H.  M.  Washburn 
Rev.  &  Mrs.  R.  F.  Cleveland 
Rev.  &  Mrs.  C.  P.  Wharton 


THEN 


26  years  ago  not  a  soul  in 
all  the  Luebo  region  had 
heard  the  name  of  Jesus,  not  a  letter  of  any 
alphabet  was  knou-n,  not  a  man  or 
woman  or  child  could  utter  a  syllable 
of  intelligent  prayer. 


NOW 


1917 

OUR  AIM 


ANNUAL  COST 

S6I,000 

OF  OLR  CONGO  MISSIONS 


EVERY -^5TUDVING 

OUR  \ 

SUNDAY-  PRAYING 

CONGO  1 

SCHOOL  ..^giving' 

MISSION  / 

Today  there  are  15,735 
believers,  15,844  Students 
in  Schools,  32,77.>  Scholars  and  938  Native 
Teachers  in  Sunday  Schools,  and  at 
least  20,000  gather  at  six  o'clock  every 
morning  for  prayer. 


VTHISYEARV 

1918 


PROV  IDED  IN  REGULAR 

S26,000 

PLEDGES  AND  PROMISES 


OUR  FIELP;  1,810.000  SOULS 


OUR  FORCE;  51  Foreign  Workers,  457 
Native  Workers,  15,735  Church  Members, 
275  Schools,  15,844  Students,  3  Theologi- 
cal Schools,  160  Ministers  in  Training,  338 
Sunday  Schools,  32,775  Scholars, 
938  Teachers. 


OUR  EQI  IPMENT;  One  Hospital  Plant, 
One  School  Plant,  One  Printing  Plant,  One 
Industrial  School  Plant,  One  Saw  Mill, 
One  Experiment  Farm  250  Acres,  One 
Brick  Making  Plant,  One  River  Steamer 
the  "Samuel  N.  Lapsley." 


Our  Sunday -Schools  are  Asked  to  Ass\ime  as  Their  Own 
The  Work  of  Our  Congo  Mission  This  Year 

Two-Color  Lithograph  Certificates  with  Seal  of  the  Foreign  Mission  Committee  are  issued  to 
Sunday-Schools,  to  Sunday-School  Classes  or  Departments,  and  to  Individuals  for  any  whole 
Number  of  Shares. 

$5  A  SHARE  —  7,000  SHARES  —  $35,000 


PBONUNCIATIONS 


PRESBYTERIAN  CHURCH  IN  THE  UNITED  STATES 

EXECUTIVE  COMMITTEE  OF  FOREIGN  MISSIONS 
NASHVILLC  TCNNESSE£ 

eOUCATtONAL  DEPARTMENT 


PBONliNCIATIONS 


f»'-«<«2.  The  Missionary  Survey.  283 


MISSIONARY  EDUCATION  IN  THE  SUNDAY  SCHOOL. 
THE  SEVEN  YEAR  PLAN. 
THIRD  YEAR— CONGO. 

Jno.  I.  Armstrong,  Educational  Secretary. 


WHEN  the  Seven- Year  Plan  of 
Missionary  Education  in  the 
Sunday  Schools  was  formed, 
it  was  announced  with  some  fear  and 
trembling.  The  theory  seemed  all 
right,  but  would  it  work  in  practice? 
Even  now,  when  two  years  of  actual 
working  of  the  plan  are  behind  us,  it 
is  still  too  earh'  to  speak  in  extravagant 
terms.  It  is  possible,  however,  to  say 
something  about  the  plan  and  its  suc- 
cess. 

1.  It  works.  No  plan  will  work  it- 
self. However  well  we  may  plan  it  will 
still  be  necessary  to  work  the  plan. 
But  the  Seven- Year  plan  works.  Big 
Sunday  schools  have  used  it  and  little 
schools  have  used  it,  too.  City  schools 
have  used  and  country  schools  have 
used  it,  too.  Schools  with  special  Sun- 
day school  buildings  have  used  it.  and 
schools  without  special  buildings  have 
used  it,  too.  Any  school  can  work  it, 
because  ever}''  kind  of  school  has  work- 
ed it. 

2.  After  onhj  one  year  of  its  opera- 
tion the  plan  teas  heartily  endorsed  by 
the  General  Assembly  and  commended 
to  all  the  Sunday  schools  of  our  church. 
The  second  year  has  made  advance  over 
the  first  year,  and  there  is  now  still 
stronger  reason  to  endorse  the  plan  and 
to  commend  it  to  all  schools. 

3.  The  plan  is  based  on  three  great 
fundamental  Christian  activities — 
Study.,  Prayer,  and  Giving.,  all  of  which 
are  recognized  and  emphasized  by 
Christ  Himself  in  His  teaching  about 
the  work  and  progress  of  His  Kingdom. 
Because  the  plan  deals  with  essential 
principles  and  leaves  room  for  freedom 
in  application  of  these  principles,  it 
makes  a  strong  appeal  to  the  intelli- 
gence and  ingenuity  of  the  members  of 
every  Sunday  school,  and  the  response 
has  been  surprising.  Even  the  makers 


of  the  plan  have  been  amazed  at  the 
way  it  has  been  carried  out  by  those 
who  set  their  minds  on  it,  and  who  im- 
proved greatly  on  the  general  sugges- 
tions. There  is  scarcely  a  case  where  the 
plan  has  been  undertaken  that  new 
special  features  have  not  been  thought 
out  and  used.  This  is  all  just  as  it 
should  be. 

4.  The  plan  is  known  by  its  fruits. 
Many  a  word  has  come  in  about  the 
intelligent  interest  that  is  being  foster- 
ed in  the  schools  that  are  using  the 
plan,  and  about  the  habits  of  prayer 
for  missions  that  are  being  formed. 
These  are  the  most  important  fruits, 
but  many  readers  of  the  Survey  will  be 
interested  to  know  that  the  Grace  of 
Giving  also  is  being  cultivated.  On 
February  1, 1917,  receijjts  from  Sunday 
schools  were  more  than  $4,000  in  ad- 
vance of  receipts  from  the  same  source 
for  the  corresponding  ten  months  of  the 
preceding  church  year. 

So  much  for  the  plan  in  view  of  two 
years'  experience. 

We  are  now  entering  on  the  third 
year.  The  subject  for  study  this  year 
is  Our  Congo  Mission.  The  blessing  of 
God  on  this  mission  has  been  wonder- 
fully great,  and  no  Sunday  school 
worker  ought  to  assume  the  responsi- 
bility of  depriving  his  school  of  the 
great  spiritual  benefits  that  come  this 
year  by  way  of  our  Congo  Mission 
through  missionary  education. 

No  product  of  Christianity  can  be 
found  in  America  finer  than  Job 
Lukumwena,  at  Luebo.  No  Sunday 
school  scholar  in  our  country  should 
fail  to  make  Job's  acquaintance.  There 
are  many  other  good  things  in  the  lit- 
erature besides  the  story  of  this  little 
black  boy. 

There  are  programs  for  all  who  ask. 
There  is  a  map  of  Africa  and  two 


284 


The  Missionary  Survey. 


[April,  1917J 


charts  about  our  work  in  the  Congo, 
and  the  set  of  map  and  charts  will 
be  sent  to  every  school.  There  are  also 
collection  devices  for  those  who  need 
them. 

About  June  1st,  lessons  on  our  Congo 
Mission  will  be  ready  for  optional  use 
in  classes.  These  lessons  have  been  of- 
fered now  for  two  years  and  the  num- 
ber of  those  who  find  them  useful  is 
growing  rapidly. 

The  map  and  charts,  and  samples  of 
the  other  helps,  will  be  sent  to  every 
Sunday  school. 

Programs  and  lessons  will  be  sent  in 
quantity  only  to  those  schools  that  ask 
for  them.  We  followed  this  method 
last  year,  and  experience  abimdantly 


justified  the  wisdom  of  the  method. 

Everything  but  the  lessons  will  be 
available  by  April  15th.  The  lessons 
will  not  be  ready  before  June  1st. 

We  have  greatly  appreciated  the  co- 
operation that  Sunday  schools  have 
given  us.  Year  before  last  we  estimate 
that  75,000  Sunday  school  people  co- 
operated in  our  Japan  Campaign.  Last 
year  at  least  100,000  took  part  in  the 
Brazil  Campaign.  Why  not  make  it 
unanimous  for  the  Congo?  We  are 
counting  on  a  growing  co-operation 
year  by  year,  both  intensively  and  ex- 
tensively. 

Any  order  or  inquiry  sent  to  Jno.  1. 
Armstrong,  P.  O.  Box  158,  Nashville, 
Tennessee,  will  have  prompt  attention. 


"LUBUKU." 


A  Secret  Society  With  A  Terrible  Initiation. 
C.  T.  Wharton. 


"Lubuku"  is  a  word  with  a  strange 
story  behind  it.  I  had  been  hearing  the 
word  for  a  long  time  but  had  never, 
really  pressed  its  meaning.  One  night 
I  did.  I  had  heard  that  one  of  our  own 
native  elders,  a  member  of  the  Bakete 
tribe,  had,  when  a  mere  bo}^,  been  ini- 
tiated into  this  secret  order  and  knew 
all  its  mysteries.  As  we  sat  there  in 
his  small  hut  by  the  light  of  a  splut- 
tering wick  in  a  can  of  palm  oil,  he 
told  me  the  following  things  about 
"Lubuku." 

Lubuku  is  not  a  medicine,  though 
some  of  its  rites  resemble  some  of  their 
medicines,  it  is  simply  a  secret  order 
that  has  existed  among  them  for  no 
one  knows  how  long.  Its  one  purpose 
is  to  enact  "Biuma"  or  wealth,  from 
its  victims.  The  victims  or  initiates 
are  the  young  boys  of  the  village,  often 
mere  children.  They  are  inveigled  into 
consenting  to  join  the  order  on  prom-  • 
ise  of  being  told  all  the  mysteries  and 
wonders  of  Lubulm  as  soon  as  they 
have  been  initiated.  They  are  given 
hints  of  wonderful  wisdom  that  shall 
be  theirs,  such  as  the  power  to  com- 
municate with  people  who  have  been 


long  dead.  Sometimes  they  are  forced 
into  it  by  their  own  parents  who  know 
the  terrible  suffering  ahead  of  the  child 
but  who  agree  to  it  for  the  sake  of 
their  share  of  the  booty  coming  to  the 
child  once  he  is  in. 

Once  the  boy  has  consented  to  go 
through,  the  first  stage  begins.  It  con- 
sists merely  in  collecting  his  initiation 
fee  and  putting  it  into  the  hands  of 
those  who  are  already  in.  The  price  is 
A^ery  heavy  for  a  native  and  takes  long 
to  get  together.  During  this  period,  the 
victim  is  ignorant  of  what  is  ahead 
of  him.  He  goes  about  wearing  a  curi- 
ous headband  from  which  hang  long 
streamers  of  dried  palm  leaves,  re- 
sembling dried  gi-ass.  In  this  gaudy  ar- 
ray he  struts  about,  quite  conscious  of 
his  importance  in  the  eyes  of  the  other 
children,  little  reckoning  that  it  means 
not  that  he  will  get  the  promised  wis- 
dom of  Lukubu  but  that  he  is  about  to 
become  the  foolish  victim  of  a  most 
cruel  torture,  and  is  innocently  paying 
a  big  price  for  the  privilege !  In  fact 
this  stage  of  the  initiation  is  a  clever 
ruse  to  rouse  the  curiosity  of  other 
victims.  Thus  he  innocently  plays  the 


I 


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Missions 


The  Missionary  Survey. 


285 


part  of  tolling  other  boys  into  the  trap. 

Once  his  "biuma"  is  all  paid,  what 
happens?  He  is  bound  to  the  most 
strict  secrecy  of  all  that  is  to  follow, 
by  a  threat  that  if  he  reveals  a  single 
word  he  will  first  be  made  to  stand  the 
blame  for  the  killing  of  nine  goats, 
/"  killed  at  random  in  the  village  by  the 
members;  also  his  mother  will  be  cut 
to  death,  and  finally  he  himself  will 
be  hung  up  by  the  neck  and  all  the  vil- 
lage called  to  witness  the  fate  of  a 
traitor  to  Lubuku.  He  almost  never 
tells. 

They  then  take  him  somewhere  apart 
and  proceed  to  initiate  him.  The  ini- 
tiation varies  as  to  nature  but  is  al- 
ways merely  an  inhuman  torture  of  the 
little  fellow,  that  sometimes  at  the  end 
leaves  him  with  not  much  life  in  his 
body.  He  is  unmercifully  beaten  ;  he  is 
put  into  a  pen  where' they  proceed  to 
fill  his  eyes  with  red  pepper,  to  rub 
the  pepper  into  all  the  hairy  places  of 
his  body,  to  mix  the  pepper  thickly  in 
water  and  throw  it  on  him,  to  force  the 
fiery  husks  of  the  pepper  pods  up  his 
nostrils. 

These  and  similar  rtiinistrations  over, 
he  enters  on  the  state  known  as  "Muxi- 
dila  Lubuku."  That  is,  he  is  led  to  the 
forest  to  run  wild  for  a  certain  time 
during  which  he  is  not  allowed  to  cut 
his  hair  or  his  beard,  if  he  has  one  and 
can  not  rub  the  bright  red  cam  wood 
on  his  body  after  bathing. 

When  someone  in  the  village  kills  a 
wild  hog  he  must  buy  half  of  it,  put 
two  chickens  on  top,  cook  plenty  of 
"Bidia,"  or  soft  native  bread,  pay  three 
blocks  of  the  salt  which  the  natives 
themselves  manufacture  in  the  swamps, 
then  he  is  allowed  to  cut  his  hair. 

Finally  he  comes  to  the  last  rite. 
They  go  with  him  again  to  the  forest, 
pick  a  large  forked  tree  that  is  in- 
habited by  thousands  of  a  certain  spe- 
cies of  small  ant  whose  sting  is  like 
fire.  They  stir  the  little  creatures  to 
anger  by  beating  on  the  tree  trunk  with 
sticks,  when  they  are  fairly  aroused 
and  are  seeking  something  upon  which 


to  vent  their  anger,  the  initiate  is 
forced  to  climb  the  swarming  trunk 
and  take  his  seat  in  the  crotch  of  the 
fork,  there  to  stay  till  told  to  come 
down.  He  is  threatened  with  the  afore- 
mentioned dire  results  if  he  comes 
down,  or  even  falls  down.  The  word 
is  not  given  soon,  and  when  it  is,  he 
usually  is  unable  to  climb  down,  but 
falls  to  the  earth,  his  body  all  swollen 
from  the  unnumbered  stings  of  the 
ants.  No,  it  does  not  kill  them,  I  asked 
particularly  on  this  point  and  the  elder 
said  he  never  had  heard  of  one  dying. 

What  of  the  wonderful  secrets  that 
he  paid  such  a  price  to  learn?  There 
are  none !  He  is  asked,  "Did  you  see 
anything?  Did  you  hear  anything?" 
Upon  his  answering,  "No,"  he  is  told, 
"Well  there  is  not  anything."  However, 
the  threat  is  repeated  to  him.  and  when 
he  again  appears  in  the  village  what 
does  he  answer  when  questioned?  He 
says,  "Lubuku"  is  wonderful,  its  mys- 
teries are  gi-eat,  I  could  converse  with 
the  dead." 

He  has  now  three  prime  motives  for 
not  exposing  Lubuku;  first,  fear;  sec- 
ond, the  desire  to  see  others  caught  in 
the  same  trap  that  caught  him ;  third, 
from  now  on  he  gets  little  of  what  all 
subsequent  candidates  pay  to  enter. 
This  amounts  to  maybe  a  hundred 
shells  each  time,  less  than  five  cents 
in  value !  This  he  must  divide  with  his 
parents  and  all  those  who  aided  him 
wlien  he  was  collecting  his  "biuma" 
with  which  to  enter.  A  life  time  would 
hardly  see  him  refund  the  amount  that 
he  paid  to  know  the  mysteries  of  Lu- 
buku. 

He  now  takes  up  the  pleasant  task 

of  getting  others  in,  holding  out  the 

same  fair  promises  that  trapped  him. 
*    *  * 

It  will  be  very  hard  ever  to  break  it 
up.  The  elder  who  told  me  the  tale  says 
he  has  repeatedly  warned  some  of  the 
boys  of  this  village  of  what  they  must 
suffer  and  to  what  purpose.  It  is  of  no 
avail,  the  old  timers  tell  the  boys  that 
no  one  that  is  willing  to  tell  knows 


28G 


The  Missionary  Survey. 


[April,  1917T 


anything  about  Lubuku,  and  that  any- 
one that  really  Imows  will  never  tell, 
that  it  is  all  a  lie  that  he  has  been 
told  and  not  the  true  palaver  of  Lu- 


buku.  It  has  held  sway  many,  many 
generations  in  the  village  and  the 
doubter  returns  to  his  faith  in  the  hid- 
den wonders  of  Lubuku  even  if  he  does 
not  venture  in  himself. 


PLAN  FOR  ORGANIZING  A  SUNDAY  SCHOOL  INTO  A 
,     BAKUBA  KINGDOM. 

Ethel  Taylor  Whauton. 


The  King  of  the  Bakuba  is  called 
"Lukqnga."  His  kingdom  will  be  com- 
posed of  as  many  villages  as  there  are 
departments  in  the  Sunday  School. 
At  the  capitol  are: — 

1.  Lukenga,  the  king,  whose  word  is 
absolute  law.  (General  Superintendent 
of  Sunday  School.) 

2.  The  "Miloho"  (me-lo-fo),  princes 
of  ambassadors  of  Lukenga  who  carry 
his  messages  to  the  villages.  (Assistant 
superintendents,  treasurer,  secretary, 
etc.,  or,  if  desired,  may  be  elected  from 
school.) 

/ n  each  village  are  :— 

1.  The  "Xaxenge"  (sha-shenge) ,  or 
chief, — the  highest  authority  in  'the 
village.  (Dept.  Supt.) 

2.  The  "Mbambi"  (mbam-be).  or 
senate.  (Teachers  of  all  classes  in  the 
department) . 

3.  The  "Mbenge"  (mben-ge),  or 
house  of  representatives.  (Presidents 
of  organized  classes  in  the  dept..  or 
representatives  elected  by  each  class.) 
The  power  of  the  Mbambi  slightly  ex- 
ceeds that  of  the  Mbenge.  The  two  bod- 
ies combined  form  the  "Mbambam- 
bimbenge"  (not  as  hard  as  it  looks, 
pronounced  as  spelled  with  accent  on 
bam  and  benge),  or  congress.  The  Xa- 
xenge cannot  act  independently  of 
them,  nor  they  of  him. 

4.  The  "Mbadi"  (mba-de),  or  young 
fighting  men  of  the  village, — first  into 
battle,  show  off  their  strength  on  every 
public  occasion,  have  a  great  deal  of 
real  influence  in  the  village.  Only  those 
"who  can  hide  things  in  their  hearts," 
or  keep  a  secret  can  be  Mbadi.  This 
body  is  not  essential  to  the  plan  but 
will  probably  prove  a  good  outlet  for 


the  sui-plus  energy  of  one  or  more 
classes  of  boys  from  eight  on  up.  May 
spring  a  surprise  on  the  school  in  the 
shape  of  a  short  program  on  Africa 
"to  show  their  strength"  or  in  a 
•"money-raising"  campaign  "first  in  the 
fight." 

5.  The  "Diulu"  (deu-li),  or  "nose," 
so  called  because,  like  the  nose,  he  pre- 
cedes all  others,  in  battle,  in  an  attack 
on  large  wild  animals  such  as  the  leop- 
ard or  elephant,  in  clearing  a  new  path, 
— anywhere  there  is  danger  or  difficul- 
ty. He  is  the  one  man  who  is  afraid  of 
nothing.  (Mrs.  Cleveland's  article  on 
the  Diulu  will  give  fuller  information 
about  him,  and  individual  teachers  and 
superintendents  will  be  better  able  to 
adapt  this  office  to  their  purposes  than 
we  can  suggest  here.) 

The  "Bena  Mexi"  (ba-na  ma-she) 
or  wise  men.  One  is  a  "Muena  Mexi." 
They  receive  this  title  from  the  villag- 
ers only  after  they  have  collected  a 
great  store  of  village  and  tribal  leg- 
ends and  history.  A  contest  in  getting 
information  on  Africa  might  be  inau- 
gurated, and  at  the  end  of  a  given  time 
all  contestants  report  before  the  whole 
school.  Those  bringing  the  most  and 
best  information  would  be  elected  Bena 
Mexi.  The  number  from  each  village 
or  in  the  whole  kingdom  may  be  lim- 
ited. A  Muena  Mexi  may  be  displaced 
when  some  other  one  from  his  village 
"exceeds  him  in  wisdom."  Bena  Mexi 
may  be  required  to  bring  in  additional 
information  at  set  times  during  the 
year.  Or  the  school  may  elect  Bena 
Mexi  at  the  beginning  of  the  year,  and 
require  them  to  bring  in  reports  weekly, 


Foreign 
Missions 


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287 


monthly,  or  quarterly,  as  seems  most 
practical. 

This  outline  suggests  how  the  organi- 
zation can  be  used  educationally.  Xow 
for  the  financial  side  of  it  together 
with  a  little  more  information.  From 
time  to  time  as  he  is  in  need  of  money 
or  materials,  Lukenga  sends  his  mes- 
sengers out  to  call  for  taxes,  food  or 
building  material  from  his  villages. 

Let  Lukenga  send  his  Miloho  to  the 
various  villages  calling  for  food,  build- 
ing material  and  taxes,  to  be  brought 
to  his  capitol  either  at  one  time  or  at 
three  different  times.  On  the  appointed 
Sunday,  representatives  from  the  vil- 


lages appear  before  him  with  their 
tribute.  (See  scene  at  Lukenga 's  court.) 

The  Miloho  would  make  their  de- 
mands through  the  several  Xaxenge, 
and  they  in  turn  would  call  the  Mbam- 
bambimbenge  to  make  plans  for  rais- 
ing their  share  of  the  tribute.  This 
gives  each  department  a  chance  to  make 
and  carr}^  out  individual  plans. 

The  information  on  building  mate- 
rials for  the  court  scenes  holds  good 
only  for  the  Bakuba,  Bakete  and  Ban 
gendi  tribes;  other  tribes  in  Congo 
build  mud  houses.  That  on  food  Avill 
liold  good  for  practically  all  tribes. 


SCENE  AT  LUKENGA'S  COURT. 

Ethel  Taylor  Wuakton. 


It  will  be  impractical  to  attempt  this 
scene  in  costume  as  neither  setting  nor 
costumes  could  be  arranged  without  a 
great  deal  of  trouble  and  some  expense. 
Let  Lukenga  be  seated  in  the  center  of 
the  platform  on  a  slightly  raised  seat. 
The  Miloho  may  be  seated  in  a  semi- 
circle behind  him  on  rather  low  seats. 
All  his  subjects  kneel  before  him  as 
they  came  into  his  presence. 

1.  Representatives  from  the  various 
villages  come  with  food. 

First  Villager: — I  come  with  ciombe 
(che-om-be)  flour.  The  women  of  my 
village  dug  only  the  ciombe  roots  that 
excelled  in  goodness.  They  exceeded  a 
man's  fore-arm  in  bigness.  Then  they 
put  the  roots  in  the  cool  water  of  a 
shallow  pool.  They  left  them  there  all 
of  two  days  till  a  white  foam  rose  to 
the  toj)  of  the  water,  and  they  knew 
their  bitterness  was  finished.  They 
built  new  frames  of  palm  branches  and 
laid  the  roots  on  them  to  dry.  All  of 
one  day  they  left  them  in  the  sunlight. 
Then  they  put  the  roots  in  their  big 
baskets  over  the  fire  in  their  huts.  The 
ciombe  stayed  in  these  baskets  over  the 
fire  many  days.  They  kept  the  fire  all 
day,  all  night ;  all  day  all  night ; — plen- 
ty of  days ; — and  always  the  smoke  rose 
around  it.    Then  they  chopped  off  the 


outer  bark  with  their  knives,  and 
pounded  and  rubbed  the  white  heart  of 
the  roots  between  their  big  flat  stones. 
See?  The  flour  is  fine,  and  very  white. 
The  bread  will  come  good — The  ciombe 
flour  is  here. 

Second  Villager: — I  come  with  mat- 
amba  (mah-tahm-bah) .  See!  Here  are 
only  the  new  leaves  of  the  ciombe  plant. 
They  excel  in  tenderness  and  young- 
ness.  When  your  women  cook  them 
with  oil  and  pepper  and  you  dip  your 
bread  into  it,  your  heart  will  say,  "Ah  ! 
My  people  did  well  by  me.  This  ma- 
tamba  exceeds  all  greens  in  goodness.'' 
— Behold  the  matamba. 

Third  Villager — I  come  with  palm 
oil.  The  men  of  my  village  climbed 
high  to  the  top  of  our  tallest  palms 
and  cut  the  great  clusters  of  palm  nuts 
from  the  trunks.  The  village  women 
carried  the  clusters  to  their  houses  and 
selected  the  larger  nuts,  of  the  bigness 
of  a  pigeon's  egg.  They  pounded  these 
ir^  their  big  wooden  mortars  till  all  the 
fibers  were  broken  from  the  seeds.  They 
squeezed  the  oil  from  these  tough  fibers 
into  their  jars.  Here  is  the  palm  oil. 
It  is  thick  and  red,  and  very  good. 

Fourth  Villager : — I  come  with  "meat 
of  in  the  water."  Our  men  made  traps 
of  the  light  lukodi  vine,  and  set  them 


288 


The  Missionary  Survey. 


[April,  1917J 


in  the  stream.  They  went  every  day 
to  see  if  any  of  the  water  animals  had 
entered  into  their  traps.  When  they 
found  some  their  hearts  were  with  big 
happiness.  Look  how  Mell  the  meat  is 
smoked.  It  is  here. 

Fifth  Villager: — I  come  with  all  the 
insects  that  are  good  to  eat.  See  these 
big  fat  white  worms  from  the  mabonde 
(ma-bone-de)  palm:  these  little  black 
worms;  the  fuzzy  caterpillars;  the 
"mintuntu"  relatives  of  the  cricket 
which  our  women  dug  from  the  ground; 
grasshoppers,  ants.  Here  are  all  of 
them. 

Sixth — (group  of  villagers  with 
spokesman,  or  one  villager).  We  come 
with  chickens  and  goats.  See!  The 
goats  are  large  and  the  chickens  are 
good.  The  goats  and  chickens  are  here. 

Seventh  Villager:  (or  group)  — 
We  come  with  many  gourds  of  maluvu 
(me-lu-fu).  Other  people  have  come 
with  palm  wine  from  other  palms.  But 
we  are  coming  with  the  sap  of  the  ma- 
bonde palm.  It  exceeds  all  others  in 
goodness.  We  laiew  the  tree  would  die 
when  the  sap  was  finished,  but  our 
hearts  said,  "Ah  !  No  palaver."  Thus 
our  men  climbed  to  the  tops  of^our 
tallest  tree,  cut  the  small  holes  deep  in 
its  trunk,  and  hung  the  gourds  beneath 
them  to  catch  the  sap.  Here  is  the 
maluvu.  It  is  of  today,  and  very  good. 


Note: — It  has  been  suggested  by 
others  in  reading  this  that  the  speeches 
of  the  various  villagers  leave  the  im- 
pression that  the  natives  bring  their 
gifts  with  love  of  Lukenga.  The  con- 
trary is  true.  They  bring  what  he  de- 
mands in  fear  and  hatred.  The  idea  in 
the  speeches  was  to  bring  out  the  flat- 
tery and  pride  in  his  own  possessions 
which  dominate  in  the  character  of  the 
average  Mukete  or  Mukuba. 

II.  Representatives  come  with  build- 
ing materials. 

First  Villager  (or  group)  : — We  have 
come!  The  malala  (ma-la-la)  is  here. 
We  went  far  into  the  forest,  close  to 
the  water,  where  the  mabonde  palms 


grow.  We  gathered  onlj  the  big  strong 
branches  of  the  trees.  We  cut  the  long 
narrow  leaves  from  the  heavy  stems 
and  sewed  them  together, — two  by  two, 
two  by  two, — with  the  strong  black 
fiber  from  the  trunks  of  the  young 
palms.  After  we  had  sewed  it  we  laid 
it  on  the  ground  to  dry.  Each  day  we 
turned  it.  Thus  it  became  dry  and  the 
white  ants  did  not  eat  it.  The  walls  of 
your  house  will  be  good,  and  the  water 
will  not  come  through  the  roof  when 
you  use  this  malala.  It  is  here. 

Second  Villager  (or  group)  : — We  are 
here !  We  have  come  with  the  lulola 
lufike  (lu-lo-la  lu-feek).  See!  The  poles 
are  straight  and  strong.  They  will  not 
break  when  the  strong  winds  come; 
they  will  not  come  rotten  quickly;  the 
white  ants  cannot  eat  them.  The  lulola 
lufike  is  here. 

Third  Villager  (or  group)  : — ^We 
come  with  the  mikole  (me-call-e).  See! 
We  have  chosen  only  the  largest  palm 
branches,  and  have  chopped  all  the 
leaves  from  them  so  that  only  the 
strong  central  stem  of  each  branch  re- 
mains. They  are  long  and  light.  The 
frame-work  of  your  house  will  be  good. 
Behold  the  mikole. 

Fourth  Villager  (or  group).  We 
come  with  the  milangala  (me-lan-ga- 
la).  We  went  far  into  the  forest  and 
cut  the  long  heavy  vines  from  the  trees. 
See  !  They  are  all  of  one  bigness.  They 
will  make  a  good  frame  for  the  roof 
of  your  house.  The  milangala  are  here. 

Fifth  Villager  (or  group)  :  We  come 
with  the  nkodi  (nko-de).  These  vines 
are  light  and  strong.  With  them  you 
can  tie  well  the  frame-work  of  your 
house  together.  The  nkodi  is  here. 

Sixth  Villager  (or  group)  :  We  have 
come.  The  mbala  is  here.  Look!  We 
have  cut  these  long  flat  withes  from  the 
-stems  of  the'palm  branches.  They  are 
smooth  and  even.  When  you  tie  this 
malala  on  the  walls  and  roofs  of  your 
houses  with  these  strips  to  hold  it  in 
place,  they  will  be  good.  The  wind  can- 
not blow  the  malala  loose.  The  mbala 
is  here. 


ForeiffH 

Missions 


The  Missionary  Survey. 


289 


If  it  is  desirable  to  attempt  to  rep- 
resent these  various  things,  we  offer 
the  following  suggestions : 

Ciombe — the  whitest  flour  obtainable »' 
carried  in  a  large  round  flat  basket 
without  handles. 

Matamba-manioc  leaves  (if  obtain- 
able) or  any  medium  sized  green 
leaves;  in  basket  as  above. 

Palm-oil — ^hard  to  represent  accu- 
rately. Fresh  axle  grease  in  a  black 
wooden  bowl,  or  a  medium  dark  mo- 
lasses will  most  nearly  ap)proximate  its 
orange-yellow  color. 

"Meat  of  in  the  water" — any  dried 
fish  wrapped  in  a  half  dried  leaf. 

Maluvu — water  in  large  long-necked 
gourds. 

Malala  comes  in  large  bundles.  Make 
a  wooden  frame  cone  shaped,  about 
ten  or  twelve  inches  in  diameter  at  the 
bottom,  and  about  31/2  or  4  ft.  high. 
Cover  with  brown  cloth  and  tie  strips 
of  the  same  cloth  around  it  every  six 
or  eight  inches  apart.  This  will  give 
some  slight  idea  of  how  a  tied  bundle 
looks — not  a  very  good  representa- 
tion, however. 

Lulola  lufike — smooth,  light  brown 
poles  4I/2  to  5  in.  in  diameter,  4  to  6  ft. 
long. 

Mikole — practically  impossible  to 
represent — are  smooth  tapering  three- 
sided  green  palm  branch  stems  8  to  10 
ft.  long. 


Milangala — long  smooth  light  brown 
vines  in.  in  diameter. 

Nkodi — same  as  above  but  more  flex- 
ible and  smaller  in  diameter. 

Mbala — impossible  both  in  looks  and 
size. 

III.  Village  Representatives  bring 
taxes  to  Lukenga.  Let  an  elected  dele- 
gate from  each  department  appear  be- 
fore Lukenga.  He  may  give  the  num- 
ber of  people  in  his  village  and  the 
amount  of  their  offering.  It  might  be 
of  added  interest  to  give  this  in 
"franks"  (20c  to  the  frank)  or  in  cow- 
rie shells  (25  shells  to  a  cent.) 


The  natives  are  sometimes  required 
to  bring  foreign  cloth  to  Lukenga.  A 
delegate  might  bring  in  a  piece  and 
measure  it  native  fashion.  An  8-yard 
piece  of  unbleached  domestic,  or  any 
gaily  colored  cloth  is  suitable.  The 
"diboko"  or  "arm"  (de-bo-ko)  is  the 
smallest  measurement.  Cloth  is  meas- 
ured from  finger-tip  to  finger-tip  with 
arms  wide  out-stretched  (about  2 
yards).  This  is  also  called  a  "lubanda" 
and  is  thp  length  ordinarily  worn  as  a 
loin  cloth.  The  "difunka"  (de-fun-ka) 
is  twice  as  long  as  the  diboko  and  is 
measured  as  above  twice.  The  whole 
piece  is  "mpesa"  coined  from  the  Eng- 
lish "piece"  and  is  four  "maboko" 
(plural  of  diboko). 


A.  VISIT  TO  LUEBO. 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  H.  P.  Anker,  of  the  Southern  Methodist  Mission. 


WE  AEE  just  returning  from  a 
visit  to  Luebo,  the  headquar- 
ters of  the  A.  P.  C.  M.,  and 
are  on  our  way  to  Wembo  Niama. 
^Vliile  Luebo  is  somewhat  out  of  our 
Avay.  we  do  consider  it  well  worth 
while  the  time  and  money  spent — for 
new  missionaries  to  come  and  see  this 
Mission— the  largest  Protestant  Mis- 
sion in  the  Congo,  in  working  order. 

To  say  that  we  were  surprised  by  the 
extent  and  success  of  the  work  of  your 
Mission  in  Africa,  is  but  a  mild  state- 


ment of  the  way  in  which  we  were  im- 
pressed. It  was  an  eye-opener  to  what 
the  Gospel  can  do  in  the  darkest  Con- 
tinent, if  but  given  a  chance.  As  it 
were,  we  chanced  to  be  present  during 
the  time  two  Confederates  were  held 
at  Luebo,  one  the  annual  gathering  of 
the  missionaries  from  Luebo  and  out- 
stations,  the  other  the  Native  Confer- 
ence. As  the  missionaries  brought  in 
their  various  reports.  Dr.  Morrison  as 
chairman,  stated  that  imdoubtedly  this 
Avas  the  best  year  in  the  history  of  your 


290 


The  Missionary  Survey. 


[April;  1917] 


Mission.  On  Thanksgiving  Day  morn- 
ing, the  opening  day  of  the  Native 
Conference — and  a  most  appropriate 
day — the  meeting  was  turned  into  one 
of  praise  and  thanksgiving  and  testi- 
mony by  the  native  evangelists.  They 
told  of  how  God  is  opening  the  hearts 
of  both  chiefs  and  people,  how  tribes 
hitherto  hostile  and  indifferent  were 
becoming  friendly  to  the  Mission,  and 
of  many  victories  all  along  the  line. 

Little  incidents  not  proclaimed  by 
these  humble  native  teachers  and  evan- 
gelists themselves,  reached  our  ears 
during  their  Conference  and  brought 
out  their  calibre  as  people  of  God.  We 
heard  of  their  secret  paths  to  places 
of  prayer  in  the  forest,  of  Divine  heal- 
ings through  prayer,  of  how  one  evan- 
gelist, unarmed,  met  a  leopard  in  the 
path  and  instantly  laying  hold  of 
prayer  and  faith  in  God's  protecting 
power  put  the  leopard  to  flight,  of 
their  being  steadfast  and  unmovable  in 
the  midst  of  the  greatest  trials  and  per- 
secutions. 

Space  would  forbid  our  telling  of 
the  regular  daily  work  of  the  Mission. 
Our  thoughts  often  turned  back  to  the 
people  of  the  homeland.  O,  if  people 
there  could  only  see  the  awful  ignorance 
and  sin  of  these  people  in  darkness  and 
then  witness. the  wonderful  change  that 
the  power  of  the  Gospel  works  in  their 
lives,  would  they  not  be  willing  to 
bring  all  their  tithes  into  God's  store- 
house of  Missions  and  lay  their  whole 
lives  as  a  reasonable  sacrifice  at  the 
feet  of  Christ !    TAIien  we  heard  little 


children  in  the  Day  school  as  well  as 
in  the  Sunday  school,  repeat  entire 
chapters  of  God's  word,  our  thought 
was,  how  they  put  the  children  of  en- 
lightened America  to  shame.  When 
Ave  saw  little  boys  as  "Covenanters" 
and  "Boy  Scouts"  and  girls  in  the 
"Miriam"  and  "Camp  Fire"  bands  lead 
in  prayer  and  speak  a  word  for  Christ 
in  their  meetings,  we  wished  similar 
organizations  in  the  homeland  were 
as  spiritual. 

But  we  should  not  emphasize  merely 
the  work  of  the  Evangelistic  Depart- 
ment. We  would  not  forget  to  men- 
tion the  work  of  Mr.  Arnold,  head  of 
the  Business  Department.  His  busi- 
ness efficiency  and  "hustle"  is  largely 
responsible  for  the  smooth  working 
system  of  the  Mission.  Mr.  Arnold  is 
being  supported  by  his  mother.  In  the 
midst  of  his  business  cares,  he  finds 
time  to  go  on  Sundays,  being  pastor 
of  two  native  churches.  We  were  also 
impressed  b}^  the  all-around  ability  of 
Mr.  Stegall  and  Mr.  Hillhouse.  The 
latter  has  made  the  best  brick  we  have 
seen  in  the  Congo.  The  new  McKowen 
hospital  is  the  prettiest  building  on  the 
compound.  It  is  in  charge  of  Dr.  Cop- 
pedge,  assisted  by  Miss  Miller,  who 
daily  take  care  of  scores  of  patients. 

In  closing  we  wish  to  say  that  we 
found  all  the  missionaries  at  Luebo 
most  kind  and  considerate,  making  our 
stay  with  them  a  great  pleasure  as  well 
as  helpful  and  useful  in  our  future  mis- 
sionarv  work. 


THEY  THAT  WATCH    FOR  THE  MORNING.' 

C.  T.  Wharton. 


"They  that  watch  for  the  morning" — 
they  watch  in  perfect  darkness;  they 
watch  for  that  that  comes  with  heart- 
rending slowness;  but  they  watch  for 
that  which  comes  surrly.  Watch  with 
us  for  a  moment  in  Congo  and  see  if 
you  cannot  glimpee  those  faint  streaks 


which  portend  the  break  of  day  in  "the 
Dark  Continent." 


Far  out  on  the  Mutoto  road  "Talas- 
ha"  is  journeying  toward  Luebo.  Here 
and  there  at  intervals  as  he  nears  a 
village  he  sees  little  trails  leading  off 
into  the  forest.    He  stops  his  caravan 


-Foreign 
Missions' 


The  Missionary  Survey. 


291 


and  asks  the  meaning  of  these  small 
trails.  lie  is  told  that  they  lead  to  the 
private  prayer  places  of  the  "People  of 
God"  in  that  village. 

(Talasha  is  George  McKee.) 


"Mpanda  Xshila,"  accompanied  by 
several  native  evangelists  and  teachers, 
leaves  the  village  where  he  has  camped 
and  sets  out  for  another  one  near  by 
to  hold  a  sacrifice.  Nearing  the  vil- 
lage he  is  surprised  to  find  that  all  the 
evangelists  have  disappeared.  As  he 
stands  in  the  trail  wondering  where 
and  why  they  have  gone,  one  emerges 
from  the  forest  at  his  side;  another, 
another,  till  all  are  with  him.  He  ques- 
tions them.  The  answer, — "We  have  a 
custom  to  go  aside  alone  to  pray  to 
God  before  we  go  into  a  village  to 
preach." 

("Mpanda  Nshila"  is  Motte  Martin.) 


"Mpanda  Nshila"  reached  a  certain 
village  one  Saturday  morning.  The 
evangelist  who  is  stationed  at  this  vil- 
lage did  not  appear  even  to  say  "Mu- 
oyo;"  to  "Mpanda  Nshila's"  disap- 
pointment and  inconvenience.  In  the 
evening  he  showed  up,  and  when  ques- 
tioned, explained  that  he  had  a  teachpr 
of  his  o^cn  stationed  in  another  village 
and  that  he  spent  his  Saturdays  hunt- 
ing monkeys  in  the  forest  to  be  sold  in 
the  market  to  ])ay  the  salary  of  his 
teacher ! 


Some  time  ago  Mr.  McKinnon  stay- 
ed in  a  certain  village  over  Sunday. 
He  was  grieved  to  note  that  none  of 
his  box  and  hammock  men  appeared 
at  any  of  the  services,  nor  were  they 
seen  all  dav.  When  the  caravan  as- 
sembled again  for  the  journey  he  de- 
manded why  they  had  not  come  to  the 
services,  saying  that  they  had  caused 
him  shame  in  the  eyes  of  the  villagers. 
They  replied  that  they  had  scattered 
to  neighboring  villages  by  twos  and 
threes  "to  tell  the  palaver  of  God." 


I  saw  one  evangelist  building  his 
house  in  the  village.  He  had  finished 
one  small  room  first  and  was  building 
the  rest  of  the  house  around  it.  He 
told  me  that  the  little  room  first  fin- 
ished was  his  prayer  closet. 


This  week  here  at  Luebo,  we  have 
looked  into  the  earnest,  intelligent 
faces  of  native  evangelists  and  teach- 
ers. We  are  having  a  native  confer- 
ence. One  word  to  you  from  that  con- 
ference. I  saw  a  full-blooded  ebony- 
skinned  son  of  Africa,  now  an  elder, 
stand  before  those  men  and  speak  to 
them  earnestly  and  intelligently  on 
"The  Holy  Spirit, — the  one  Source  of 
Power  in  Evangelism."  This  very  day 
that  same  man  and  two  others  will  be 
ordained  as  pastors  with  virtually  the 
same  powers  as  a  missionary, — to  bap- 
tize, to  administer  the  sacrament  of  the 
Lord's  Supper,  to  bury,  to  marry,  and 
to  discipline.  The  greatest  forward 
step  yet  taken. — marking  the  real  be- 
ginning of  a  self-governed,  self-sup- 
porting African  church. 


Far  and  wide  our  evangelists  and 
teachers  are  systematically  giving  unto 
the  Lord  their  tithe,  and  sometimes 
more. 


Who  is  this  other  seried  host,  two 
thousand  six  hundred  and  seventy-five 
strong,  men,  women,  and  children, 
their  faces  turned  to  the  east  and  glow 
of  the  coming  day  touching  their  dus- 
ky faces?  These  are  they  who  have 
this  year  "turned  away  from  idols  to 
serve  the  living  and  true  God."  The 
greatest  harvest  of  any  single  year ! 

"I  say,  more  than  they  that  watch  for 
the  morning. 
Let  Israel  hope  in  the  Lord!" 


292 


The  Missionary  Survey. 


[Apri4,  1917] 


IMPRESSIONS  OF  LUEBO. 

E.  B.  Stilz,  of  the  Southern  Methodist  Mission 


IF  ONE  wants  to  see  some  great 
Christian  work  being  done,  go 
to  Luebo  in  Central  Africa.  It 
is  almost  incredible  to  see  '  what 
God  has  done  through  His  am- 
bassadors away  up  here  in  the 
midst  of  the  Dark  Continent.  To  say 
that  there  is  a  congregation  of  two 
thousand  on  Sunday,  that  there  is  a 
school  here  of  seven  or  eight  hundred, 
and  that  there  are  two  services  a  day 
attended  by  nearly  a  thousand;  this  is 
just  beginning  to  tell  the  story.  The 
influence  of  the  Mission  is  felt  far  and 
wide.  Evangelists  are  constantly  in 
training,  but  they  cannot  supply  the 
demand  that  is  coming  in  from  all 
around  for  more  w^orkers.  The  out- 
stations  are  on  the  boom,  and  tribes 
are  calling  for  teachers  which  were 
never  open  to  the  Gospel  before. 

In  smaller  things,  too,  the  influence 
of  the  Mission  is  to  be  seen.  On  the 
Lapsley  the  men  have  prayer-meeting 
every  morning  before  starting  out,  and 
two  services  on  Sunday.  It  is  known 
along  the  way  as  the  "Ship  of  God." 
At  the  saw-mill  the  men  work  until 
twelve  handling  logs  and  lumber  and 
then  they  have  prayer-meeting  and 
school  until  they  start  to  work  again 
at  1  o'clock.  One  of  the  workmen 
leads  the  meeting  and  teaches  school 
and  everv  dav  has  a  different  sermon. 
On  Wednesday  and  Simday  nights 
there  are  prayer-meetings  all  over  the 
village.  Just  get  outdoors  and  you 
can  hear  singing  in  every  direction. 
It  is  certainly  an  insniration  to  one 
Avho  has  never  seen  such  things  before. 
These  meetings  are  all  the  more  re- 
markable because  the  natives  started 
them  without  anv  suggestion  from  the 
missionaries.  In  the  opening  exercises 
of  the  school  every  morning  the  pupils 
repeat  whole  chapters  of  the  Bible,  and 
that  without  a  hitch  or  a  mistake. 
Memorizing  the  catechism  is  one  of  the 
requisites  of  church  membership.  The 


fact  is  that  the  difficulty  here  is  not 
to  get  the  people  in  the  church,  but 
in  keeping  them  out  until  they  are 
ready  to  be  received. 

In  the  industrial  line  too  great 
things  are  being  done.  They  have  the 
only  real  saw-mill  in  this  part  of  Af- 
rica. On  the  Lower  Congo  they  get 
lumber  by  ship  and  up-river  most  of 
it  is  sawed  by  hand.  Mr.  Hillhouse 
has  the  reputation  of  making  the  best 
bricks  in  Congo  and  has  just  com- 
pleted a  hospital  that  is  at  least  one  of 
the  best  buildings  in  Congo.  The  new 
Industrial  School  building  will  soon 
be  completed  hnd  then  things  will  hum 
under  the  direction  of  Mr.  Stegall. 
Already  a  number  are  learning  carpen- 
try and  ivory  carving  as  well  as  farm- 

Other  things  are  all  the  time  going 
on — almost  too  numreous  to  mention. 
Crowds  come  to  the  hospital  every  day 
to  be  treated.  People  come  from  far 
and  near  to  have  their  palavers  settled 
and  incidentally  leam  a  lot  of  practi- 
cal Christianity  in  the  process.  The 
management  of  over  a  hundred  girls 
in  the  Girls'  Home  is  no  unimportant 
work.  Besides  there  are  sewing  class- 
es among  the  women,  Boy  Scouts. 
Camp-fire  Girls,  who  by  the  way  are 
supporting  an  Evangelist,  City  Beau- 
tiful campaigns,  etc. 

Through  all  the  work  the  spiritual 
is  pre-eminent.  One  can  see  it  among 
the  workmen,  in  the  school,  as  well  as 
in  the  church.  It  is  a  case  of  people 
of  faith  and  prayer  working  Among 
a  people  open  to  the  Gospel,  and  the 
results  are  seen  in  the  lives  of  the  peo- 
]ile  and  in  the  great  movement  into  the 
church. 

Our  stay  at  Luebo  has  been  both 
enjoyable  and  profitable.  We  have 
been  shown  the  greatest  hospitality  by 
the  missionaries  and  have  been  given 
every  help  possible.  We  have  seen 
what  God  has  wrought  among  this  peo-^ 


Foreign 
Missions 


The  Missionary  Survey. 


293 


pie,  and  our  faith  is  strengthened 
thereby.  It  is  certainly  remarkable 
what  a  hold  the  mission  has  on  the  na- 
tives and  what  an  influence  for  good 
it  is  in  this  dark  land.  It  is  all  the 
more  remarkable  when  we  consider 
how  few  are  the  missionaries  on  the 
field.    The  secret  of  it  is  that  it  is  a 


mission  of  prayer,  founded  on  prayer 
and  carried  on  through  prayer  and  the 
love  of  Christ.  Then,  too,  the  field  is 
white  unto  the  harvest.  The  people 
are  ready  for  >the  Gospel  and  there  is 
hardly  any  limit  to  the  number  of  mis- 
sionaries who  could  be  used  in  gather- 
ing it  in. 


SOME  EXPERIENCES  IN  THE  WORK  AMONG  THE  NATIVES 

OF  CENTRAL  AFRICA. 

By  Mb.  Edhegakd,  of  Swedish  Missi  on.  Temporarily  Working  With  Us. 


THERE  are  probably  few  races 
that  have  been  so  out  of 
touch  and  so  neglected  as 
the  people  of  Central  Africa.  Their 
houses,  in  which  any  kind  of  fur- 
niture is  absolutely  unknown,  are 
built  in  the  most  crude  fashion,  con- 
sisting of  a  few  poles  put  in  the  ground 
and  held  together  with  creepers  and 
the  spaces  filled  with  mud.  The  clothes 
show  still  more  a  lack  of  civilization, 
the  children  generally  going  naked  un- 
til they  reach  the  age  of  eight  or  ten 
years,  and  it  is  only  a  very  common 
sight  to  see  grown  people  whose 
clothes  consist  of  the  skin  of  some  an- 
imal. As  may  be  expected,  these  peo- 
ple are  easy  victims  of  superstitions  of 
every  kind  and  a  few  incidents  may 
throw  the  best  light  on  their  beliefs 
and  mode  of  living. 

A  short  time  ago  a  leopard  appeared 
at  one  of  our  stations  and  made  great 
panic  among  the  natives  and  especially 
among  their  sheep.  ITltimately  we  suc- 
ceeded in  getting  it  in  a  trap  and  kill- 
ing it.  This  animal,  which  is  called 
the  chief  of  the  animals,  is  always 
given  a  feast  in  its  honor  after  its 
death,  but  of  course  we  could  not  con- 
sent to  anything  like  that  being  done. 
A  few  days  after  another  leopard  made 
his  appearance  and  we  asked  our  work- 
men to  make  a  trap  to  catch  this  one. 
To  our  great  surprise  they  all  refused, 
telling  us  that  it  was  not  a  real  animal 
but  a  spirit  that  had  taken  its  habita- 
tion in  the  skin  of  an  animal  and  had 


come  to  revenge  the  dishonor  of  the 
other  leopard.  Nothing  could  con- 
vince them  to  the  contrary  and  for  a 
long  time  the  beast,  during  the  dark 
nights,  paid  its  destructive  visits  to  the 
natives'  goat  and  sheep  houses. 

A  boy  ten  or  twelve  years  of  age 
came  a  few  weeks  ago  and  asked  to  be 
allowed  to  stay  in  our  boys'  fence.  On 
answering  our  questions  as  to  where  he 
came  from  and  why  he  would  like  to 
stay  with  us  he  told  his  sad  stor}'. 
"Two  years  ago  my  father  and  two 
other  men  agreed  to  kill  another  per- 
son that  was  employed  in  the  Rubber 
Company  as  a  headman.  They  commit- 
ted the  crime,  took  all  that  he  had  and 
went  back  to  their  own  village  and 
stayed  there  for  a  long  time.  Ulti- 
mately, however,  the  deed  came  to  the 
ears  of  the  official,  who  sent  soldiers 
to  catch  the  father  of  the  boy,  but  let 
the  other  two  men  go  free.  He  was 
brought  to  the  state  post  at  Luebo,  but 
what  has  become  of  him  since  nobody 
Imows.  A  short  time  after  his  impris- 
onment a  ghost  of  the  assassinated  man 
came  to  revenge  his  fate  among  the  rel- 
atives of  the  murderer.  His  visits  were 
regular  and  each  time  he  came  some- 
one suddenly  died  and  of  a  big  family 
there  was  soon  only  this  little  boy  and 
his  brother  left.  These  two  who  so 
suddenly  had  been  left  alone,  now  tried 
to  protect  and  help  each  other,  but 
they  did  not  succeed  long.  "One 
night,"  he  said,  "when  I  and  my  broth- 
er were  lying  asleep  side  by  side,  there 


294 


The  Missionary  Survey. 


[April,  1917] 


■came  about  midnight  a  tall,  white 
ghost  who  came  to  our  bed  and  stood 
for  a  few  minutes  as  though  contem- 
plating which  of  us  two  he  should 
choose  as  his  victim.  He  took  my 
brother,  ate  his  soul  and  disappeared 
again  and  I  could  do  nothing  to  save 
him.  I  was  terribly  frightened  and 
when  the  spirit  had  gone  I  called  my 
brother  by  name,  but  he  gave  me  no 
answer."  Now  he  was  left  alone  in 
the  world  and  as  he  supposed  that  his 
turn  should  soon  come,  he  fled  to  our 
station  in  order  to  find  protection. 
When  we  promised  that  he  might  stay 
he  was  very  glad  and  said  he  would 
return  to  his  own  village  in  order  to 
get  some  peanuts  and  return  the  fol- 


lowing day.  He  has,  however,  not  yet 
returned  and  we  fear  that  he  has  met 
the  same  sad  end  as  the  rest  of  the 
family. 

It  is  impossible  for  anyone  to  ex- 
plain happenings  like  that  and  the 
only  thing  we  can  do  is  to  work  for 
our  Master^  that  His  name  may  be 
known  and  His  kingdom  may  come 
and  His  will  be  done  on  earth  as  in 
heaven.  MHien  leaving  His  glory  and 
coming  to  earth  and  taking  our  sins 
and  sori'ows  He  made  the  greatest  sac- 
rifice and  no  offering  can  be  too  great 
for  us  in  order  to  bring  the  story  of 
His  wondrous  love  to  those  who  are 
sitting  in  darkness  and  the  shadow  of 
death. 


SOME  STRIKING  FACTS  CONCERNING  OUR  AFRICA  WORK 

W.  F.  McElroy. 


We  have  had,  during  a  part  or  the 
whole  of  this  year,  on  the  African 
Field,  34  missionaries.  Our  native 
force  has  been  about  the  same  as  last 
year,  but  the  increase  in  membership 
has  been  great.  2,672  have  been  re- 
ceived into  the  church  during  the  past 
12  months.  Do  not  think  that  these 
are  all  we  were  able  to  entice  into  the 
church;  but  on  the  other  hand  these 
are  the  select  few  out  of  a  great  multi- 
tude, who  are  in  classes  preparing  for 
admittance  into  the  church.  While 
out  on  one  trip  the  total  number  of 
those  in  the  catechumen  classes  ex- 
ceeded those  we  received  into  the  mem- 
bership of  the  church  5  to  1.  This  is 
a  fair  average  of  the  whole  field. 


Eleven  ordained  men  have  been  on 
the  African  field  during  this  year, 
among  a  native  church  of  15,735  mem- 
bers, all  of  whom  need  encouragement 
and  more  teaching;  and  hundreds  of 
thousands  who  have  never  yet  been 
reached  for  the  Master.  Should  not 
these  eleven  be  doubled  many  times? 


least  a  part  of  their  time  to  teaching 
in  the  lower  elementary  schools  in  our 
African  field,  with  a  total  daily  aver- 
age of  15,844  pupils.  And  we  have 
only  begun  to  teach  the  possibilities  of 
this  marvelous  work. 


We  have  one  Theological  Training 
School  with  119  students,  and  two  pre- 
paratory Bible  schools  of  41  students. 
And  now  our  Girls'  Training  School 
has  a  membership  of  108,  which  could 
be  easily  quadrupled  if  only  we  had 
the  equipment. 


During  the  year  we  have  had  for  a 
part  of  the  time  three  doctors,  on  the 
five  stations.  The  total  number  of 
medical  students  this  year  has  been 
71,668.  Major  operations  have  num- 
bered only  37,  due  to  the  fact  that  our 
most  skillful  surgeon  has  been  on  fur- 
lough some  eight  months. 


Fifteen  missionaries  are  giving  at 


People  from  all  sections  are  coming 
repeatedly  begging  for  evangelists  and 
teachers.  Two  most  attractive  new 
fields  are  most  marvelously  being 
opened  up  to  us,  where  we  hope  soon 


The  Missionary  Schvey. 


295 


to  be  able  to  open  new  stations.  But 
how  can  we  go  forward  when  our  Mis- 
sionary Force  is  at  a  standstill  as  to 
numbers !  We  pray  that  more  mission- 
aries may  be  sent  to  us  at  the  earliest 
date  possible.  If  we  only  had  a  suffi- 
cient number  of  missionaries  we  could 
go  forward  with  great  strides,  but  at 


])resent  our  local  work  is  so  hea\'y  we 
can  not  reach  out  to  the  people  beyond 
until  others  come  to  help  us. 

We  are  doing  all  in  our  power  to 
reach  the  people  for  the  Master,  but 
our  greatest  need  at  present  is  more 
missionaries.  We  cannot  pull  them 
out.  but  vou  can  send  them. 


A  VISIT  TO  MUKDEN,  MANCHURIA. 

Rev.  S.  K.  Dodsox. 


MUKDEX  was  established  as  the 
capital  of  Manchuria  in  1625, 
when  Nurhaclin  welded  to- 
gether a  number  of  Tarter  or  Manchu 
tribes  into  one  principality.  During 
the  reign  of  his  son.  Taitsung,  the  pres- 
ent palace  and  wall  were  built.  Old 
Mukden  has  a  high  wall  of  brick 
around  the  city  proper,  which  encloses 
a  mile  square  and  in  the  middle  of 
which  are  the  ancient  palaces,  also  en- 
closed by  another  strong  wall.  Around 
the  whole  of  the  old  city  is  a  wall  of 
mud,  enclosing  ten  square  miles  of 
ground,  but  this  is  now  fast  disappear- 


ing before  the  ravages  of  time  and  the 
violence  of  man. 

Naturally  the  things  of  most  interest 
to  sight-seers  are  the-  imperial  palaces 
and  the  imperial  tombs,  permits  to 
which  can  be  obtained  by  applying  to 
the  Consulates.  These  latter  are  on  a 
woody  eminence  about  two  miles  north 
of  the  city.  The  buildings  connected 
with  the  tombs  are  surrounded  by  a 
high  wall,  which  also  encloses  a  park 
of  beautiful,  stately  pines;  there  are 
also  large  animals  as  horses,  elephants 
and  camels  carved  out  of  stone  stand- 
ing here  and  there  through  the  park. 


View  of  Hoku   Imperial   Tomb,  Mukden. 


296 


The  Missionary  Sur\'ey. 


[April,  1917] 


The  buildings  in  their  general  appear- 
ance remind  one  of  the  temple  build- 
ings in  Korea;  that  is  the  tiled  roofs, 
with  their  long,  sweeping  upward 
curve  at  the  corners,  and  the  large, 
wooden  pillows  that  surround  the  main 
wall,  but  the  walls  themselves  are  of 
a  bluish-gray,  which  doesn't  seem  to 
fade  with  age  and  gives  that  part  of 
the  building  a  modern  appearance. 
In  several  of  these  temple-like  struc- 
tures are  immense  tablets  commemo- 
rating the  emperors  of  long  ago,  and 
just  outside  the  most  northern  one  is 
an  immense  mound  said  to  be  the  tomb 
of  Taitsung,  the  first  emperor. 

When  one  enters  inside  the  walls 
enclosing  the  ancient  palace  grounds, 
there  is  presented  to  his  eye  a  confus- 
ing array  of  gorgeous  buildings  of  the 
most  splendid  Oriental  type.  It  seems 
that  for  a  time  at  least  each  new  em- 
peror that  came  in  had  his  own  palace 
built,  so  that  there  is  not  one,  but 
many,  in  the  gi'ounds.  The  roofs  of 
these  palaces  are  of  the  most  brilliant 
yellow  hue  and  on  the  cornice  inside 
and  out  is  a  f  reize  of  a  bright  substance 
which  has  kept  its  color  through  the 
centuries,  and  on  this  is  wrought  in 
most  artistic  style  pictures  of  men,  of 
animals,  of  fairies,  of  spirits,  and  of 
the  most  weird  sylvan  scenes  imagin- 
able. Perhaps  the  most  interesting 
place  here  is  the  room  in  which  the 
ancient  throne  is  still  preserved.  This 
is  a  very  gorgeous  affair.  It  is  com- 
posed of  dragon-like  ferns,  intertwined 
together  in  such  a  wonderful  way  as 
almost  to  defy  detection  of  the  plan. 
The  whole  throne  room  was  wrought 
in  the  same  way.  The  guide  pointed 
to  two  large  red  but  much-faded  stones 
set  in  the  throne  and  said,  "ruby,"  but 
they  did  not  look  very  much  like  ru- 
bies and  I  imagine  that  if  they  were 
they  would  have  been  stolen  long  ago 
by  tourists. 

Mukden  is  a  quaint  old  city  and  es- 
pecially interesting  to  one  from  Korea, 
for  one  begins  to  see  where  the  Ko- 
reans get  their  style  of  architecture 


and  many  of  their  usages  and  customs. 
The  Manchus  are  very  much  like  the 
Koreans  in  racial  features,  but  they 
are  quite  a  bit  taller.  The  language 
sounds  quite  like  the  Korean,  but  the 
Manchu  gets  a  decidedly  nasal  twang 
that  makes  it  more  unpleasant  to  the 
ear.  The  young  Manchus  present  a 
very  striking  appearance  in  their  long 
flowing  robes  and  large  straw  hats 
with  their  gay  bands. 

Most  everything  in  Manchuria  has 
a  more  solid  and  substantial  appear- 
ance than  that  of  Japan  and  shows 
more  progress  than  things  Korean. 
The  horses  and  mules  are  larger,  the 
carts  and  carriages  are  stronger,  and 
the  houses  are  much  larger  and  more 
substantial.  Even  the  oldest  houses, 
except  a  few  made  of  mud,  are  built 
of  brick  that  does  not  seem  to  lose  its 
strength  with  age.  Old  Mukden, 
which  seems  to  be  strictly  Chinese, 
shows  some  progress,  such  as  the  in- 
troduction of  the  telephone  and  the 
erection  of  a  few  large  buildings,  but 
it  is  on  the  whole  still  ancient  China. 
There  is  a  system  of  street  railway 
cars  drawn  by  horses,  but  this  is  to 
give  place,  I  undei'stand,  to  a  system 
of  up-to-date  electric  cars.  New  Muk- 
den, or  the  Japanese  section,  lies  south 
of  old  Mukden,  out  by  the  large  brick 
railway  station.  It  is  laid  out  along 
broad  lines  in  the  most  modern  style. 
The  streets  are  macadamized  and  there 
is  a  row  of  shade  trees  between  the 
street  and  the  sidewalk.  Both  the  busi- 
ness houses  and  the  residences  are 
large  and  built  of  red  brick.  They 
do  not  at  all  resemble  Japanese  struc- 
tures either  in  Japan  or  Korea.  In- 
deed, the  general  average  of  Japanese 
prosperity  here  seems  to  be  far  above 
that  of  the  above  named  countries. 

To  my  surprise,  I  found  that  there 
are  several  hundred  Koreans  living  in 
and  around  Mukden.  Being  told  by 
one  of  them  that  there  was  a  Korean 
church  there,  I  sought  it  out  and  went 
there  to  worship  on  Wednesday  night, 
and  on  invitation  of  the  pastor  it  was 


<'liina   Stiii-t,  Mukden. 


my  privilege  to  lead  the  service.  They 
have  ,a  nice  little  brick  church  and 
seem  to  be  doing  a  good  work.  The 
pastor  has  charge  of  four  churches  in 
Manchuria,  one  of  them  being  about 
400  miles  from  Mukden.  He  is  con- 
nected with  one  of  the  Presbyteries  in 
Korea,  so  he  has  many  a  mile  to  go  to 
attend  on  its  meetings.  The  Koreans 
here  seem  to  be  more  prosperous  than 
in  Korea.  This  part  of  Manchuria  is 
a  level  country  like  the  American  pra- 
iries. It  has  a  black,  sandy  soil  and 
seems  to  produce  very  well  indeed 
when  there  is  enough  rain.  The  chief 
crops  are  beans  and  a  kind  of  maize, 


out  of  which  they  make  bread. 

The  Northern  Presbyterian  Church 
has  a  Mission  here  for  the  Chinese  and 
have  gained  a  constituency  of  about 
2,000  I  was  told.  The  Korean  pastor 
told  me  that  the  members  of  his  church 
were  sending  their  children  to  the 
Presbyterian  school  for  Chinese.  Of 
course  they  have  to  learn  to  speak 
Chinese  to  do  this,  but  this  is  compar- 
atively easy  for  children  brought  up 
in  Chinese  surroundings.  And  this 
may  be  a  means  used  of  God  to  trans- 
mit to  the  Chinese  church  some  of  that 
zeal  in  which  it  seems  the  Korean 
church  has  been  specially  blessed. 


THE  MILITARY  SITUATION  IN  CHINA. 

Dr.  L.  S.  Morgan. 


IT  WAS  a  bright,  sunny  day  in  No- 
vember, 1916.  The  first  class  pa- 
tients had  been  attended  to  and  the 
second  and  third  class  patients  were  re- 
ceiving their  daily  treatment  in  the 
Dispensary  Clinic  rooms. 

Leaving  the  attendants  in  charge,  I 
started  my  rounds  in  the  military 
wards.  The  soldiers  have  wards  and 
a  courtyard  of  their  own.    They  do 


not  mix  well  with  the  common  people, 
being  of  an  overbearing  disposition 
and  anxious  to  show  off  their  power  by 
oppressing  those  around  them  who 
have  less  power  than  they. 

The  soldiers  now  in  the  wards  were 
in  a  rather  bad  mixup  with  robbers  a 
few  weeks  ago  and  got  the  worst  of  it. 
They  are  only  just  now  recovering 


298 


The  Missionary  Survey. 


[April,  1917] 


their  spirits  and  tiie  use  of  injured 
parts  of  their  anatomies. 

As  I  walked  across  the  courtyard  I 
noticed  what  I  toolc  to  be  a  piece  of 
meat  hanging  on  one  of  the  walls  near 
a  window.  I  paid  no  attention  to  it. 
as  I  was  busy  and  thought  it  had  been 
bought  at  the  market  for  dinner.  But 
!ts  I  walked  out  of  the  ward  a  little 
later,  one  of  the  soldiers  called  my  at- 
tention to  the  "meat,"  saying:  "See, 
Doctor,  what  we  have  got."  I  looked 
and  answered,  "Yes,  I  see.  Some  meat 
for  dinner."  Then  I  stopped  and  took 
a  closer  look.  "Oh,"  said  I,  "some 
hearts  I  see."  Then  I  looked  still 
closer.  Surely  those  two  hearts  looked 
suspicious.  No,  they  were  certainly 
not  pigs'  hearts.  They  did  not  belong 
to  sheep  nor  calves. 

They  were  human  hearts ! 

"What  have  you  got  those  for?"  I 
sharply  demanded  of  the  soldiers  who 
were  grouped  around  me  looking  at  the 
hearts. 

"Oh,  those  are  from  the  robbers  who 
were  executed  this  morning." 

"But  why  have  you  got  them  here?" 


Women  Evang-elists  who  work  in  connection 
with  EUen  Lavine  Graham  Hospital. 


I  repeated.  "What  do  vou  intend  to 
do  with  them?" 

The  answer  came  rather  hesitating- 
ly. They  had  not  thought  how  I 
would  take  the  presence  of  such  ghast- 
ly specimens.  "Oh,  we  just  wanted  to 
look  at  them,"  lamely  explained  the 
soldier  who  has  been  with  us  longest. 

A  suppressed  laugh  greeted  this  ven- 
ture and  then  I  had  the  field  to  myself. 

"Take  them  away  immediately,"  I 
shouted.  "I'll  have  you  all  punished 
for  this."  Then  I  left  and  sent  in  my 
report  to  the  commanding  officer  at 
headquarters  in  the  city.  This  officer 
sent  a  detail,  who  removed  the  objects 
of  contention,  and  my  soldiers  have 
been  very  subdued  ever  since. 

You  will  ask,  "But  what  did  they 
want  of  the  hearts?"  and  I  cannot 
blame  you  for  the  question.  Cannibal- 
ism is  not  common  in  China  except  un- 
der certain  circumstances.  Soldiers  be- 
lieve that  they  gain  bravery  by  eating 
the  hearts  of  their  brave  victims.  So 
they  often  indulge  in  this  form  of  can- 
nibalism. 

Thereby  hangs  a  tale. 

Some  years  ago,  during  the  Second 
Revolution  in  China  in  1913,  all  the 
soldiers  were  at  Nanking  fighting,  and 
the  robbers  took  possession  of  the  coun- 
try and  came  so  near  this  place,  Hai- 
chow,  that  there  was  nightly  danger 
that  the  city  would  be  attacked  and 
sacked  by  the  robbers.  The  foreign 
property  was  also  in  danger.  An  ap- 
peal to  the  United  States  consul  at 
Nanking  resulted  in  a  detachment  of 
seventy-five  cavalrymen  being  sent  to 
protect  us. 

About  a  third  of  these  men  were 
ambushed  and  killed  by  a  party  of  rob- 
bers, soon  after  their  arrival.  The  rob- 
ber chief  sent  a  message  to  the  com- 
mander of  the  detachment  that  he  and . 
the  rest  of  his  men  would  be  treated 
the  same  way  if  they  would  come  out 
and  fight.  Then  we  were  without  pro- 
tection again  for  the  detachment  left 
us  and  went  to  Nanking.  Later  they 
came  back  with  a  whole  regiment  of 


Foreign 


The  Missionary  Survey. 


299 


their  fellow-soldiers. 

They  hunted  down  the  band  of  rob- 
bers who  ambushed  and  killed  the  first 
soldiers,  and  as  soon  as  they  captured 
a  robber  they  tortured  and  killed  him 
and  ate  his  heart. 

Finally  the  leader  of  that  band  of 
robbers  was  captured  and  brought  to 
Haichow.  He  was  taken  out  in  an 
open  space  and  tied  to  a  wooden  cross. 

Then  he  was  flayed  alive. 

He  never  uttered  a  sound  nor 
groaned. 

He  was  killed  by  the  removal  of  his 
fieart,  which  the  soldiers  ate. 

Thus  the  feud  began  and  it  contin- 
ues still. 

General  Pei  Pao  Shan  was  sent  here 
after  -the  Second  Revolution,  to  put 
down  the  robbers.  He  established 
friendly  relations  with  the  foreigners 
here.  One  night  he  was  sitting  down 
to  a  foreign  dinner  in  one  of  the  for- 
eign houses.  A  telegram  came.  There 
had  been  a  fight  with  the  robbers,  it 
said,  and  the  general  must  go  immedi- 
ately. His  wounded  soldiers  he  sent 
to  the  Ellen  La  vine  Graham  Hospital, 
where  they  were  cired  for  and  eventu- 
ally most  of  them  recovered.  There 
have  been  many  fights  since  then,  some 
big, and  some  little,  but  always  result- 
ing in  wounded  ."-oldiers  who  were  al- 
ways sent  to  the  Mission  Hospital. 

At  one  time  there  was  an  ambush  in 
which  twenty  soldiers  were  killed. 
But  one  of  them  was  not  quite  killed. 
He  revived  after  the  robbers  had  left 
and  managed  to  crawl  to  a  place  of 
safety.  He  was  brought  to  the  hospital 
and  recovered. 

There  was  a  battle  in  which  all  the 
forces  General  Pei  could  muster  were 
engaged.  The  battle  lasted  for  davs. 
Even  the  general  himself  was  in  the 
fight,  being  compelled  to  stand  in  wa- 
ter four  and  five  feet  deep  for  hours 
at  a  time.  The  result  was  the  disper- 
sion of  the  robbers,  and  many  wound- 
ed soldiers.  These  latter  were  sent  to 
the  Ellen  Lavine  Graham  Hospital,  as 
usual.    Captui-ed  robbers  were  brought 


in  and  were  treated  as  usual,  heads  cut 
off  and  hearts  cut  out. 

Finally,  in  the  summer  of  1916,  an- 
other fight  occurred  in  which  a  number 
of  soldiers  were  killed  and  wounded. 
The  hospital  being  full  of  soldiers,  no 
room  for  common  people  was  left.  So 
a  separate  Military  Department  was 
established  and  here  I  suppose  the  feud 
between  robbers  and  soldiers  will  cast 
its  fruits  for  months  to  come. 

General  Pei  Pao  Shan  does  not  al- 
low his  soldiers  to  eat  human  hearts  if 
he  can  help  it.  This  verj^  intelligent, 
forceful  and  charitable  man  has  used 
his  soldiers  wisely  and  has  rid  this 
large  district  of  robbers  and  has 
gained  the  confidence  of  all  Chinese 
and  foreigners  alike. 

It  is  to  General  Pei  that  everyone 
looks  in  time  of  trouble  and  he  is  al- 
Avays  ready  to  help.  Not  to  speak  of 
his  relations  to  the  law-abiding  Chi- 
nese. I  wish  to  speak  especially  of  his 
relations  to  the  foreign  missionaries 
and  their  work. 

It  was  during  the  discouraging  time 
when  the  Ellen  Lavine  Graham  Hos- 
pital was  forced  to  close  its  doors  on 
account  of  severely  cut  appropriations, 
that  General  Pei  came  to  our  aid. 
When  told  that  the  hospital  was  closed 
for  want  of  funds,  he  immediately 
said,  "Don't  close.  Start  up  again  now 
and  I  will  provide  funds.  How  much 
do  you  need?"  He  was  as  good  as  his 
word  and  within  a  week  gave  us  seven 
hundred  dollars  (Mex.)  to  open  our 
work  with.  Later  on  he  asked  me  to 
specially  provide  room  for  sick  and 
wounded  soldiers,  saying  that  he  would 
stand  all  expenses  and  that  besides  he 
wished  to  provide  for  some  charity 
wards  in  the  hospital.  So  the  Military 
Department  came  into  existence  and 
also  our  charity  work,  which  had  been 
dropped  on  account  of  lack  of  funds, 
was  resumed  and  greatly  increased  in 
extent. 

There  was  a  medical  department  at- 
tached to  headquarters  in  the  city 
which   was   run   by   a   very  poorly- 


300 


The  Missionary  Suk^ey. 


[April,  1917] 


trained  Chinese  wlio  was  supposed  to 
have  had  some  western  medical  learn- 
ing. That  department  has  now  been 
closed  and  we  have  taken  over  all  the 
Military  medical  work.  Of  course  this 
adds  greatly  to  the  amount  of  our 
work,  but  the  additional  funds  pro- 
vided by  it  are  a  welcome  addition  to 
our  income.  Otherwise,  we  should  have 
to  make  a  special  appeal  to  the  hard- 
pressed  Executive  Committee  at  Nash- 
ville. Our  only  fear  is  that  General 
Pei  may  be  removed  to  another  place. 
It  is,  unfortunately  for  us,  very  prob- 
able that  he  may  be  removed  sooner  or 
later.   We  hope  it  will  not  be  until  we 


get  more  completely  on  our  feet  finan- 
cially. 

We  think  the  military  situation  in 
China  is  improving.  It  is  imfortunate- 
ly  true  that  military  officers  like  Gen- 
eral Pei  Pao  Shan  are  rare.  Usually 
the  officers  are  like  their  men,  blood- 
thirsty, overbearing  oppressors,  grasp- 
ing and  greedy.  But  we  believe  that, 
as  a  whole,  both  officers  and  men  are 
improving.  It  is  to  be  hoped  that 
brave,  efficient  men  like  General  Pei 
Pao  Shan  may  increase  in  number.  It 
will  be  a  geat  day  for  China  when  the 
old  military  element  is  eliminated  and 
the  newer,  more  humane  element  takes 
its  place. 

flaichow. 


EHen  Lavine  Graham  Hospital.  Front  view  taken  from  top  of  city  wall.  In  center  is 
main  building,  in  front  of  that  is  the  out-clinic  department  and  fronting  on  street 
are  waiting-room,  guest-rooms  and  gate  house.  In  rear,  to  right,  is  top  of  kitclien. 
Tile  roofed  buildings  do  not  belong  to  hospital. 


NOTES  FROM  HANGCHOW  COLLEGE. 


Mrs.  J.  M.  Wilson. 


THIS  has  been  an  autumn  of  gol- 
den harvests  and  radiant  sun- 
shine in  our  Hangchow  country. 
From  the  warm,  lazy  evening  of  the 
late  summer  when  the  lovely  opalescent 
lights  on  the  river  would  fade  slowly 
into  the  night  shadows,  to  the  sharp, 
quick  twilights  that  bring  an  end  to  these 
brilliant  early  winter  days,  we  have 
been  literally  feasting  on  sunlight.  But 
best  of  all  there  have  been  things  on 
College  Hill  to  keep  our  hearts  warm 
and  glad  in  line  with  the  fair  weather. 
It  seems  to  many  of  us  that  a  year  has 
seldom  opened  so  auspiciously  as  this 


one  at  the  college.  We  have  so  many, 
many  things  for  which  to  be  grateful 
that  I  am  sure  the  Thanksgiving  Day 
which  is  approaching  will  be  a  truly 
great  occasion. 

Since  early  September  our  little 
group  of  "foreigners"  on  the  hill  has 
enjoyed  the  addition  of  five  new  mem- 
bers. First  of  all  came  wee  Miss  Amy 
March  to  be  the  Faculty  baby  and  the 
delight  of  the  family  of  our  Northern 
Presbyterian  colleagues.  And  then 
before  we  had  fairly  caught  our  breath 
two  new  teachers  from  America  came 
rolling  in :  Mr.  R.  G.  Bristol,  of  Port- 


A  Scene  on  West  Lake,  Hangchow,  China. 


land,  Ore.,  and  Mr.  Paul  Kirkpatrick 
of  Los  Angeles,  both  out  for  just  a  year 
under  the  supervision  of  the  Xorthern 
Pre.sbyterian  Board.  They  had  been 
with  us  hardly  a  month  when  we  all 
joined  together  to  give  a  hearty  greet- 
ing to  a  whole  new  family:  Mr.  and 
Mrs.  Frank  D.  Scott  and  their  baby 
IVIary.  These  friends  are  Northern 
Presbyterians,  too.  and  we  hope  they 
will  be  here  with  us  for  many  a  long 
and  hapi)y  year.  Mr.  Scott  is  Ti  grad- 
uate of  University  of  ^Minnesota  and 
of  Auburn  Seminary  and  has  also  had 
graduate  work  at  Yale  and  Columbia, 
besides  some  practical  experience  at 
teaching;  so  we  feel  sure  that  he  will 
have  much  of  value  and  strengtli  to 
bring  to  the  College. 

The  students  number  about  the  same 
as  they  did  last  term — the  figure  con- 
tinues to  hover  around  the  two  hun- 
dred mark — but  Ave  are  always  par- 
ticularly glad  to  note  the  steady  in- 
crease in  the  ninubers  in  the  College 
Department.  There  are  sixty  of  these 
advanced  stiulents  just  now  and  a  fine 
lot  of  fellows  they  are !  I  wish  that 
you  all  might  see  and  know  the  Senior 
class.  The  six  of  them  are  an  unusu- 
ally worth-while  group — Christians,  all 
of  them,  and  far  above  the  average  in 
scholarship.    We  are  all  hoping  and 


praying  that  each  one  of  them  may  be 
read,y  and  able  to  find  the  responsible 
part  that  is  waiting  for  him  in  the 
work  of  bringing  in  the  Kingdom  of 
God  in  China. 

Perhaps  the  heaviest  of  the  burdens 


m 

iiiiiinB  nBi It'^' 

'■  •,'     \,  : 

stone  Lions  of  Many  Years  Ago  Which  Have 
Recently  Been  Placed  at  the  Entrance  of 
the  Main  Building  of  Hangchow  College. 


302 


The  Missionary  Survey. 


[April,  1917] 


of  the  college  woi'k  this  year  are  fall- 
ing upon  Mr.  Warren  Stuart,  as  he  is 
not  only  acting  President  of  the  Insti- 
tution, but  also  pastor  (by  appoint- 
ment of  Presbytery)  of  the  College 
Church.  You  would  be  proud  as  we 
are  to  see  how  faithfully  and  how  well 
he  is  discharging  _all  of  his  many  du- 
ties. Since  we  have  been  in  Hangchow 
I  believe  there  has  never  been  so  fine 
a  spirit  of  unity  and  enthusiasm  either 
among  the  teachers  or  among  the  stu- 
dents. We  are  fortunate  in  having 
with  us  this  year  as  head  Chinese 
teacher,  Mr.  Tin  Kai  Fong,  one  of  the 
College  alumni  and  a  Christian  gen- 
tleman of  considerable  force  and  abil- 
ity, as  well  as  personal  charm.  He  and 
Mr.  Li,  the  Professor  of  Chemistry  and 
Mathematics  have  moved  their  fami- 
lies out  from  the  city  and  are  occupy- 
ing two  of  the  three  attractive  new 
Chinese  teachers'  residences  which  were 
finished  last  spring;  so  our  community 
grows  apace. 

I  wish  there  might  be  time  to  stop 
and  tell  you   about  everything — the 


Sunday  school,  the  athletics,  the  new 
launch  that  Mr.  Stuart  plans  to  use  in 
helping  the  students  and  foreign  work- 
ers to  reach  a  number  of  ]ioints  up 
and  down  the  river,  the  beautiful  new 
chapel  whose  foundations  are  just  go- 
ing in  and  ever  so  many  other  items. 
Perhaps  later  on  some  of  us  may  write 
again  if  you  will  promise  not  to  grow 
tired  of  hearing  about  Hangchow 
Christian  College.  Somehow  though 
I  feel  that  you  will  not  be  wearied 
Avith  news  oiF  "our  boys"  because  you 
know  Hangchow  College  is  the  only 
institution  of  college  grade  in  China 
in  which  the  Southern  Presbyterian 
Missions  are  working  and  that  fact 
alone  gi^^es  us  the  right  to  keep  you 
acquainted  with  us.  It  is  a  grave  task 
that  falls  upon  the  Christian  colleges 
of  China  these  days,  and  the  very 
thought  of  giving  leaders  to  this  great 
troubled  country  "for  such  a  time  as 
this"  brings  us  to  our  knees  with  the 
plea  that  His  strength  may  be  per- 
fected in  our  wealaiess.  Will  you  not 
join  with  us  in  this  prayer? 


SCHOLARSHIPS  IN  AMERICAN  COLLEGES  FOR  MEXICAN 

YOUTHS. 

Rev.  H.  L.  Ross. 


The  United  States  and  Mexico  lie  along- 
side of  each  other  for  1,756  miles. 

The  histories  of  the  two  countries  have 
been  quite  different,  one  settled  by  Anglo- 
Saxon  colonists,  who  all  but  absorbed  and 
destroyed  the  aborigines;  the  other  con- 
quered by  Latin  soldiers  whose  descendants 
were  in  turn  surpassed  in  numbers  and  in- 
fluence by  the  original  inhabitants  of  the 
land.  Each  has  held  its  dominant  type  of 
religion,  its  peculiar  trend  of  character,  its 
great  heroes. 

But  however  divergent  may  have  beeti 
their  histories  in  the  past,  they  will  be 
more  closely  drawn  together  from  this  time 
forward.  The  destinies  of  the  two  countries 
are  inevitably  lined  together.  God  in  His 
providence  has  so  arranged  that  the  two 
shall  be  reciprocal  in  their  influence,  wheth- 
er for  weal  or  for  woe.  A  little  less  than 
one-half  of  the  boundary  is  an  imaginary 
line,  and  the  remaining  portion  ie  marked 
by  a  stream  only  a  few  yards  wide.  The 
only  high  wall  of  separation  is  one  of  sus- 
picion, Ignorance  and  prejudice. 


There  is  a  good  company  of  citizens  on 
both  sides  of  the  Rio  Grande  who  are  work- 
ing with  patience  and  perseverance  to  break 
down  this  high  wall,  believing  that  this 
will  be  for  the  advancement  of  both  peoples 

A  movement  has  lately  been  started  that 
we  believe  will  appeal  to  most  everybody  as 
a  great  step  forward  in  the  breaking  down 
of  this  middle  wall  of  partition. 

On  October  10,  1916,  the  Peace  Committee 
of  Philadelphia  yearly  meeting  of  Friends, 
sent  out  an  appeal  to  the  leading  educators 
of  the  United  States  in  behalf  of  the  estab- 
lishment of  scholarships  for  Mexican  youths 
in  American  colleges  and  universities. 

The  letter  says  in  part:  "It  was  the  judg- 
ment of  the  Committee  that  permanent 
friendly  relations  between  the  United  States 
and  Mexico  would  be  fostered  if  a  number  of 
well-prepared  Mexican  students  were  admit- 
ted year  by  year  to  American  colleges  and 
universities  by  means  of  scholarship  aid. 

"It  would  be  hard  to  measure  the  future 
effects  on  the  relations  of  Mexico  and  the 


Foreign 
if  issions 


The  Missionary  Survey. 


303 


United  States  if  hundreds  of  the  ablest 
young  men  could  look  back  on  the  United 
States  as  their  educational  home." 

What  benefits  can  we  expect  both  in  the 
United  States  and  Mexico  from  such  a  move- 
ment? The  Prophet  Hosea  said:  "My  peo- 
ple are  destroyed  for  lack  of  knowledge." 
Here  is  a  warning  for  both  our  countries. 
It  was  not  of  intellectual  dearth  that  Hosea 
was  writing,  for  his  work  began  in  the 
golden  age  of  the  Northern  Kingdom — -the 
reign  of  Jeroboan  II.  So  in  our  great  pros- 
perity and  intellectual  advancements  as  a 
nation,  we  must  not  forget  that  "the  fear 
of  the  Lord  is  the  beginning  of  wisdom," 
and  show  our  fear  of  the  Lord  by  sharing 
our  blessings  with  our  neighbors. 

As  we  turn  to  Mexico  with  her  66  per 
cent,  of  illiteracy,  and  the  great  majority 
of  the  homes  without  the  Bible,  we  know 
that  the  prophet's  words  are  being  fulfilled 
there.  These  conditions  make  a  strong  in- 
dictment against  the  Roman  Catholic  Church, 
which  for  the  last  half-century  up  to  the 
beginning  of  the  present  revolution,  had 
more  power  than  any  other  organization  in 
Mexico. 

We  do  not  pretend  to  say  that  all  of  Mex- 
ico's ills  can  be  cured  by  the  education  of  a 
few  hundred  or  a  few  thousand  of  her  stu- 
dents in  the  United  States.  These  must  be 
brought  in  touch  with  the  living  Christ  be- 
fore they  can  be  real  factors  in  the  upbuild- 
ing of  their  native  land.  The  gospel  must 
permeate  the  whole  people  before  Mexico 
really  comes  into  her  own. 

Carlyle  said:  "It  is  the  noble  people  that 
makes  the  noble  government,  rather  than  con- 
versely." Stable  governments  are  built  up 
as  the  people  learn  to  keep  faith  in  the  rela- 
tionships of  every-day  life;  high  standards 
of  public  morals  prevail  where  the  individu- 
als of  society  are  chaste  and  true;  the 
church  is  a  real  power  for  good  in  propor- 
tion as  the  individual  members  live  up  to 
the  precepts  and  principles  laid  down  by 
her  great  Head. 

Here,  then,  is  the  great  opportunity  for 
the  Christian  college.  Scholarships  in  state 
institutions  will  bring  the  students  in  con- 
tact with  many  high  ideals  of  our  Christian 
citizenship;  but  we  want  them  to  be  under 
the  very  best  Christian  influence  possible. 
Rev.  J.  H.  McLean,  in  his  splendid  book. 
"The  Living  Christ  for  Latin  America,"  in 
writing  of  the  two  thousand  students  from 
Latin  America  pursuing  courses  in  North 
American  universities,  technical  schools  and 
colleges,  says:  "Here  is  our  golden  oppor- 
tunity to  demonstrate  to  them  what  Ameri- 
can Christianity  means,  what  the  Christian 
home  signifies  and  what  our  Lord  inspires 
us  to  do  for  the  stranger  within  our  gates." 

And  he  says  in  another  place:  "Latin 
Americans  recognize  that  the  foundations 


of  the  United  States  were  laid  by  men  of 
profound  spiritual  experience.  One  of  these 
(Judge  Emilio  del  Toro)  announced  at  Pan- 
ama: "The  success  of  the  United  States  of 
America  has  been  due  in  large  measure  in 
my  opinion,  to  the  deeply  religious  training 
of  the  Puritans." 

This  should  be  a  move,  therefore,  not 
merely  of  educators,  but  especially  of  Chris- 
tian educators.  The  great  Presbyterian 
church,  with  her  splendid  institutions, 
should  make  use  of  this  unprecedented  op- 
portunity. It  is  evident  that  our  church  is 
in  full  sympathy  with  the  movement.  Dr. 
Henry  H.  Sweets,  Executive  Secretary  of  the 
Executive  Committee  of  Christian  Education 
and  Ministerial  Relief,  gives  it  his  hearty 
approval.  Austin  College  and  Daniel  Baker 
College  have  for  some  years  been  helping 
Mexican  students.  Our  Mexico  Mission  gives 
its  approval  and  offers  to  cooperate  in  every 
way  possible. 

As  an  example  of  the  hearty  endorsement 
of  the  plan  and  of  the  hopes  entertained  in 
regard  to  it  by  all  the  educators  of  our 
church,  so  far  as  the  writer  has  been  able 
to  ascertain,  I  give  the  following  from  Dr. 
Thos.  S.  Clyce,  President  of  Austin  College: 
"I  am  very  much  interested  in  this  move- 
ment and  cannot  but  feel  that  it  will  be 
fraught  with  much  good  for  the  beneficiaries 
of  the  scholarships.  I  believe  that  if  the 
United  States  could  pour  into  i  Mexico  an 
army  of  native  Mexicans  who  have  received 
the  benefits  of  a  college  education  here,  not 
only  will  Mexico  be  uplifted,  but  the  rela- 
tions between  that  country  and  ours  will  be 
far  more  cordial  and  less  strained  than  at 
present." 

Dr.  W.  Bristow  Gray,  President  of  Board 
of  Trustees  of  Daniel  Baker  Colleges,  says 
that  "One  such  scholarship  for  worthy  Mexi- 
can youth  would  be  worth  more  to  both 
countries  than  a  whole  regiment  with  the 
most  improved  war  equipment." 

Prof.  Andres  Osuna,  General  Director  of 
Public  Education  in  the  Federal  District  and 
Territories  of  Mexico,  writes:  "As  a  result 
of  this  work  we  are  sure  to  expect  on  the 
side  of  the  United  States  a  more  sympa- 
thetic attitude  toward  Mexico,  a  better 
knowledge  of  the  Mexican  people,  and  a 
better  understanding  of  their  problems.  Of 
course,  the  leading  educators  of  your  great 
country  will  feel  more  deeply  interested  in 
the  Mexican  people,  since  they  have  been 
taking  part  in  the  education  and  prepara- 
tion of  leaders.  On  the  side  of  the  Mexican 
people,  we  may  expect  a  better  understand- 
ing of  the  real  feelings  and  motives  of  the 
American  people,  of  their  good  wishes  to- 
ward Mexico,  and  of  the  real  value  of  their 
civilization  and  of  their  educational  stand- 
ing. Of  course,  they  will  also  come  in  touch 
with  the  religious  life  of  that  country  which 
meets  a  great  demand  in  our  present  day. 


304 


The  Missionary  Survey.  tAprii,  1917] 


For  both  countries  it  means:  A  better  ac- 
quaintance, closer  and  more  friendly  rela- 
tions and  greater  efforts  against  war. 

"Church  colleges  ought  to  take  a  more  ac- 
tive part  in  offering  these  scholarships,  since 
they  can  exercise  greater  influence  in  build- 
ing up  character  among  young  students. 
Mexico  is  passing  through  a  critical  .period 
of  her  history  in  regard  to  religious  mat- 
ters, and  we  must  appeal  to  educated  minds 
to  study  the  problem  and  get  in  touch  with 
religion  well  adapted  to  present  ideals  of 
civilization." 

Rev.  Eleazar  Perez,  a  graduate  of  the 
Presbyterian  Theological  Seminary  of  Coy- 
oacan,  Mexico,  who  has  spent  two  years  in 
Austin  College,  says:  "I  am  pleased  with 
the  plan  in  all  of  its  parts,  and  I  believe 
that  when  the  Mexican  government  becomes 
established  and  has  a  clear  understanding 
with  the  United  States,  this  plan  will  find 
acceptance  with  many  Mexicans." 

We  quote  from  Prof.  Osuna  again:  "I  be- 
lieve that  this  movement  will  appeal  very 
strongly  to  Meixcan  students  all  over  the 
country.  No  system  of  advertisement  has 
been  undertaken  yet,  and  still  many  appli- 
cations have  come  already.  I  am  sure  that 
when  the  students  of  the  various  states  will 
hear  of  the  opportunity,  many  applications 
will  come  for  these  scholarships  from  well 
qualified  candidates." 

Hon.  John  R.  Silliman  says:  "I  do  not 
know  of  any  more  fruitful  way  in  which 
we  could  evidence  our  good  will  for  Mexico, 
the  Mexican  people  and  for  the  benefit  of 
friendly  and  helpful  international  relations. 
I  believe  that  when  normal  conditions  pre- 
vail again  in  Mexico  many  well  qualified 
young  Mexicans  will  be  glad  to  avail  them- 
selves of  the  opportunities  and  the  privi- 
leges of  such  scholarships." 

If  our  church  schools  can  be  opened  to 
these  who  are  to  be  the  leaders  in  the  Mexi- 
-can  Protestant  church,  it  will  be  of  incalcu- 
lable value  in  many  ways.  The  Spanish 
language  is  comparatively  poor  in  evangeli- 
cal literature;  so  with  the  knowledge  of 
English  a  gold  mine  of  valuable  helps  will 
be  opened  to  them. 

The  missionary  goes  to  Mexico,  and  how- 
ever much  he  may  try  he  is  not  able,  except 
in  rare  cases,  to  get  the  view  point  of  the 
Mexicans,  or  they  get  his.  This  is  the  fault 
of  neither  party,  but  the  inevitable  result 
of  circumstances.  The  students  who  have  a, 
few  years  of  training  in  the  United  States 
will  get  somewhat  the  point  of  view  of  the 
American  missionary,  and  the  two  working 
in  harmony  will  be  able  to  conserve  energy 
and  avoid  mistakes  in  ever-decreasing  pro- 
portion. 

As  a  concrete  example  of  what  may  be 
hoped  for  from  this  movement  we  may  take 


Prof.  Andres  Osuna.  We  asked  him  to  give 
us  some  of  his  personal  history,  and  quote 
the  following  from  his  reply:  "In  regard 
to  my  personal  experience,  I  have  been  edu- 
cated largely  in  the  United  States,  and  I 
can  assure,  therefore,  that  the  secret  of  the 
present  difficulties  lie  in  the  lack  of  better 
knowledge  and  understanding  between  the 
two  countries.  I  know  by  personal  experi- 
ence that  a  student  living  in  Christian,  at- 
mosphere in  American  colleges  and  univer- 
sities will  come  back  better  prepared  to  be 
a  real  leader  in  our  country.  I  know  that 
American  people  in  general  have  nothing 
but  good  will  toward  Mexico  and  it  is  only 
the  jingo  who  is  talking  and  working  for 
war.  I  have  spent  eight  years  in  schools 
and  colleges  in  the  United  States — two  years 
in  the  North  and  six  years  in  the  South, 
that  is,  in  Nashville,  Tenn.  I  am  better 
prepared  now  to  undertake  not  only  educa- 
tional work,  but  work  in  a  great  many  other 
lines.  I  have  any  opportunity  that  I  wish 
to  take  at  present,  either  at  the  Capital  of 
the  Republic  or  in  any  of  the  most  impor- 
tant states.  If  there  were  a  hundred  men 
with  the  same  preparation  that  I  have,  they 
would  surely  be  among  the  most  iufiuential 
leaders  of  the  country.  I  started  my  work 
as  a  preacher  in  tbe  Methodist  Church, 
South,  and  also  as  a  teacher,  but  I  devoted 
myself  entirely  to  teaching  about  twenty 
years  ago.  I  have  occupied  important  posi- 
tions in  education,  and  the  ■••■ork  which  I 
did  in  Coahuila  from  1898  to  1909  is  con- 
sidered as  the  best  of  its  kind  in  the  Re- 
public. Therefore,  I  am  better  known  all 
through  the  country  as  an  educator  now 
than  any  other  man,  and  have  better  oppor- 
tunities for  good  than  any  other  person. 
This  may  be  an  illustration  of  what  we  can 
expect  from  the  plans  in  contemplation.  Of 
course,  the  greatest  success  can  be  expected 
of  those  institutions  exercising  religious  in- 
fiuence  of  the  highest  type  on  the  students." 

The  greatest  difficulty  in  putting  the  plan 
into  operation  will  be,  no  doubt,  not  a  lack 
of  sympathy  but  a  lack  of  means.  But  it  is 
succeeding.  Though  the  appeal  was  sent  out 
in  October,  by  the  beginning  of  the  New 
Year  fifty  scholarships  had  already  been 
granted.  We  must,  as  a  church,  do  all  in 
our  power  to  enter  this  great  open  door. 

The  members  of  the  Arkansas  Synodical 
have  set  a  good  example.  In  response  to  a 
request  from  the  President  of  Arkansas  Col- 
lege, they  have  gone  to  work,  and  feel  con- 
fident that  they  will  have  a  scholarship 
ready  by  September,  1917. 

How  many  more  can  we  have? 
Harlingen,  Texas. 


Foreign 
Missions 


The  Missionary  Survey. 


805 


DEATH  OF  MRS.  T.  L.  HARNSBERGER. 

Rev.  C.  N.  Caldwell. 


GOD  in  His 'all-wise,  but  mysteri- 
ous Providence  has  seen  fit  to 
take  to  Himself  dear  Mrs. 
Harnsberger  after  a  short  four  years' 
of  service  in  Taichow,  where  she  gave 
herself  so  whole-heartedly  and  unre- 
.servedly  for  and  to  the  Chinese  women. 
It  has  never  been  the  writer's  privilege 
to  see  and  know  a  more  utterly  unsel- 
fish person  than  that  dear,  good  wo- 
man was  in  every  particular,  and  un- 
der all  conditions.  She  truly  was  in- 
stant in  season  and  out  of  season  in  her 
work  of  love.  The  writer  and  his  wife 
have  often,  as  the}'  saw  the  Avay  in 
which  from  morning  to  night  and  into 
the  night  day  after  day  she  Avas  beset 
by  the  women  Avho  came  in  swarms  to 
see  her,  and  the  way  in  which  she  gave 
her  time  to  "visiting  in  their  homes,  re- 
monstrated with  her  and  her  husband 
for  allowing  her  thus  to  use  herself  up. 
For  we  felt  that  no  human  frame  could 
stand  the  strain  that  Avas  upon  her. 
And  every  time  we  would  speak  about 
it,  which  was  every  few  days,  she 
would  say,  "I  will  let  up  a  little,"  but 
she  never  did.  And  now  that  she  is 
gone,  it  would  almost  seem  that  her 
work  was  to  be  done  in  a  short  time, 
and  truly  she  redeemed  the  time.  And 
the  seed  that  .she  sowed  in  the  hearts 
of  the  women  of  TaichoAv  will  cer- 
tainly bear  fruit,  for  it  is  true  that 
nothing  that  is  done  in  service  for  the 
Master  will  fail  of  its  reward.  And 
it  is  certain  that  in  the  time  to  come 


many  of  the  women  of  Taichow  will 
I'ise  up  to  bless  her  memory  and  to 
thank  God  that  she  was  permitted  to 
labor  and  to  love  them  for  those  few 
short  years. 

She  gained  the  love  and  the  confi- 
dence of  the  women  to  a  very  marked 
degree,  and  it  must  be  true  that  she 
has  left  an  impre.ss  on  many  a  heart 
that  God's  development  in  His  dark 
room  will  bring  out  in  the  future  into 
a  likeness  of  Him.self.  The  writer  is 
very  loth  ever  to  write  or  to  speak 
]TOSt  mortem  eulogies,  and  is  sure  that 
our  dear  sister  would  not  Avish  that 
anything  of  that  nature  Avere  written 
of  her,  for  it  Avould  not  be  in  keeping 
Avith  her  unselfish  nature.  She  needs 
no  praise  from  earth,  for  she  now  has 
the  praise,  and  has  heard,  the  "Well 
done"  from  the  Master's  lips.  But  he 
is  constrained  to  Avrite  these  few  inade- 
quate Avords  to  the  intent  that  those 
Avho  had  a  liappy  part  in  her  support, 
in  making  it  possible  that  her  life 
might  be  invested  for  the  women  of 
TaichoAv,  may  realize  that  they  Avith 
her  will  receive  large  dividends  from 
the  investment;  and  also  that  all  the 
church  may  earnestly  pray  God  to 
bless  the  seed  and  make  it  grow,  and 
that  He  Avill  in  His  own  time  send  an- 
other equally  devoted  and  faithful 
hand-maiden  of  His  to  reap  the  har- 
vest that  is  sure  to  come  from  the  la- 
bors of  this  faithful  and  devoted  one. 


REV.  ROBERT 

By  Rev.  J.  ] 

OX  THE  ITth  of  February.  1917, 
the  Rev.  Robert  Allan  Haden, 
a  missionary  of  the  Southern 
Presbyterian  Church  in  China,  lost  his 
life  by  drowning  in  the  Mediterranean 
Sea,  by  the  torpedoing  of  the  French 
Liner  Athos,  on  Avhich  he  Avas  a  pas- 


ALLAN  HADEN 

r.  McNeilly. 

senger.  Mr.  Haden  was  on  his  way 
from  his  station  to  Switzerland  to  visit 
his  wife  and  children,  who  had  been 
there  for  some  years,  while  the  chil- 
dren were  at  school. 

"The  Athos  Avas  carrying  troops  and 
Avas  being  convoyed  through  the  Med- 


306 


The  Missionary  Survey. 


[April,  1917] 


iterranean,  when  it  was  sunk  by  a  sub- 
marine. It  is  probable  that  tlie  only 
way  for  him  to  reach  Europe  was  by 
this  or  a  similar  vessel,  and  so  he  took 
the  risk. 

Mr.  Haden  was  born  at  Keatchie, 
Louisiana,  August  13,  1865.  He  re- 
-  ceived  his  literary  and  theological 
training  in  the  Southwestern  Presby- 
terian University  at  Clarksville,  Ten- 
nessee, where  his  teacher  in  theology 
was  the  Rev.  Joseph  R.  Wilson,  the 
father  of  President  Woodrow  Wilson. 
In  the  last  two  years  of  his  course, 
when  the  3^oung  men's  Bible  class  of 
Moore  Memorial  Church,  Nashville, 
Tenn.,  desired  to  undertake  the  sup- 
port of  a  student  for  the  ministry  who 
would  become  an  effective  minister, 
Mr.  Haden  was  strongl}^  recommended 
to  them,  and  he  fully  justified  their 
confidence. 

In  the  summer  vacations  of  ISS'O- 
1890  he  was  employed  by  the  Moore 
Memorial  Church  to  assist  Rev.  J.  H. 


Rev.  R.  A.  Haden,  who  lost  his  life  in  the 
Mediterranean  while  endeavoring-  to  save 
others. 


McXeill}^,  its  pastor,  in  organizing  the 
mission  work  in  the  southei-n  part  of 
the  city,  which  became  the  Glen  Leven 
Church.  In  this  work  he  showed  him- 
self very  efficient,  enthusiastic,  warm- 
hearted, consecrated;  he  won  a  host  of 
friends,  who  today  mourn  his  untimely 
death. 

During  his  college  course  he  became 
a  member  of  the  S.  A.  E.  Fraternity. 
He  was  also  noted  as  an  athlete.  The 
physical  vigor,  the  genial  disposition, 
the  impulsive  temperament  that  made 
him  popular  at  the  university  charac- 
terized all  his  after  work  as  minister 
and  missionary. 

Mr.  Haden  went  to  China  in  1891 
under  the  Executive  Committee  of  the 
Southern  Presbyterian  Church.  He 
was  first  stationed  at  Wusih.  In  1895 
he  was  transferred  to  Kiang  Yin.  In 
1908  he  was  transferred  to  Soochow, 
where  he  labored  until  he  started  on 
the  fateful  journey  that  transferred 
him  to  the  Kingdom  above,  where  wars 
and  toils  are  not  known. 

He  engaged  with  characteristic  zeal 
and  energy  in  evangelistic  missionary 
work  in  the  country  districts  of  the 
Soochow  field. 

He  visited  this  country  in  1910-1911, 
and  by  his  interesting  addresses  and 
personal  influence  did  much  to  arouse 
interest  in  Foreign  Missions.  He  be- 
came thoroughly  familiar  with  the 
Chinese  language;  and  while  in  this 
countrv  published  some  articles  on  its, 
structure  and  grammar.  He  told  me 
that  he  could  speak  the  language  so 
fluently  that  he  could  get  a  Chinaman 
to  understand  an  American  joke,  no 
small  achievement. 

Mr.  Haden  was  first  married  to  Miss 
McGinnis,  of  Columbus,  Miss.,  who 
died  after  a  year,  leaving  one  son,  Ju- 
lian, now  residing  in  the  United 
States.  His  second  marriage  was  to 
Miss  Eugenie  Clara  Hilbold,  of  Swit- 
zerland, who  survives  him,  with  the 
following    children:      Freida,  Eric, 


PAQUBBOT 
"ATllOS" 


Dorothy,  Joseph,  Ernest  and  Allan, 
now  at  Neuchatel,  Switzerland.  While 
in  this  country.  Mr.  Haden  for  a  time 
supplied  the  church  at  Shreveport, 
Louisiana,  where  he  aroused  interest 
in  himself  and  his  work  as  a  mission- 
ary. 

It  is  reported  that  Mr.  Haden  had 
been  rescued  from  the  sinking  ship, 
and  that  he  went  back,  striving  to  save 

DO  YOU 

1 —  Some  of  the  special  annoyances  of 

our  African  missionaries  during 
the  past  3^ear? 

2 —  What  is  the  explanation  of  the  un- 

usual ingathering  in  Africa? 

3 —  What  difficult}'  stands  in  the  way 

of  the  immediate  return  to  Af- 
rica of  Dr.  Stixrud, 

4 —  -AVhat  is  the  present  condition  of 

our  African  mission? 


others,  and  so  lost  his  own  life,  thus 
illustrating  the  spirit  of  the  Divine 
Master,  Who  gave  His  life  for  others. 

Sui-ely  in  this  time  of  their  over- 
whelming sorrow,  the  sympathy  and 
prayers,  and  help  of  the  Church,  which 
he  served  faithfully,  will  go  out  to  the 
desolate  widow  and  children  of  this 
noble  missionary. 

KNOW? 

5 — AVhere  two  human  hearts  were  sus- 
pended by  a  string? 

G — Why  Chinese  soldiers  sometimes 
eat  human  hearts? 

7 —  Who  gave  Dr.  Worth's  hospital  a 

handsome  Christmas  gift? 

8 —  What  celestial  phenomenon  was 

ascribed  to  Dr.  Worth? 

9 —  About  a  retinue  that  came  with 

the  wife  of  a  Chinese  official,  to 
Dr.  Worth's  hospital? 


Mrs.  J.  T.  Rhea,  of  Forney,  Texas,  (on  the  Honor  Roll)  writes: 

"  Our  Society  is  in  love  with  The  Missionary  Survey,  and  is  using  it  regu- 
larly in  programs." 


Rev.   and  Mrs.  A.   D.   Rice  and  Family. 


PERSONALIA. 


Eev.  and  Mrs.  A.  D.  Rice  and  fam- 
ily, whose  picture  is  herewith  pre- 
sented, are  planning  to  sail,  returning 
from  furlough,  during  the  month  of 
April.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Eice  have  both 
done  A'alued  service  in  the  visitation 
and  the  awakening  of  interest  in  our 
churches  during  their  stay  at  home. 
We  wish  them  a  comfortable  voyage 
and  a  safe  arrival  at  their  China  home, 
where  we  Icnow  there  are  many  wide- 
open  doors  waiting  for  them  to  enter 
with  the  gospel  message. 


We  learned  through  a  letter  from 
Mrs.  Sykes  that  on  her  arrival  in 
Shanghai  her  daughter  Anna  had  to  go 
to  the  hospital  for  quite  a  serious  op- 
eration. We  are  glad  to  learn,  how- 
ever, that  she  passed  successfully 
through  it  with  the  result  that  she  has 
been  in  better  health  this  winter  than 
ever  before  in  her  life.  After  several 
\  years'  absence  from  the  field,  she  found 


it  necessary  to  spend  some  time  in  lan- 
guage study  before  taking  up  her  work. 
As  usual  in  such  cases,  however,  her 
early  knowledge  of  the  language  came 
back  to  her  in  a  little  while  and  she  is 
now  able  to  teach  a  class  in  the  Girls' 
School  regularly,  besides  leading  in  the 
Y.  W.  C.  A.  and  other  helpful  work. 

Mrs.  Sjdvcs  writes  that  some  of  the 
wealthy  men  of  the  city  made  Dr. 
Worth's  hospital  a  Christmas  present 
of  $1,000.  While  Dr.  Worth  is  glad 
to  get  this  money  for  the  better  equip- 
ment of  his  hospital,  he  appreciates 
much  more  than  that  the  good  feeling 
that  prompted  the  gift.  Our  hospitals 
are  proving  to  be  one  of  the  most  effi- 
cient means  of  doing  away  with  the 
anti-foreign  feeling  that  has  always 
been  especially  strong  in  China  among 
the  educated  and  wealthy  classes. 

Mrs.  Sykes  also  tells  of  a  visit  to  the 
hospital  of  Dr.  and  Mrs.  Donald 
Byrns,  one  of  the  writers  on  the  staff 


Foreign 
ilisaions 


The  Missionary  Survey. 


309 


of  Ladies'  Home  Journal,  who  are 
on  a  year's  journey  around  the  world. 
Unlike  some  world  travelers,  they  were 
anxious  to  see  the  mission  work  as  they 
went  along,  and  were  so  impressed  by 
what  they  saw  at  Kiang}'in  that  they 
sent  a  valuable  sterilizer  as  a  present 
to  the  hospital  after  they  had  gone  on 
their  journey. 


Mrs.  Nisbet  writes  from  Mokpo  con- 
cerning her  school  work: 

"Several  of  the  school  girls  play 
right  nicely.  I  have  eighty-two  girls 
in  school,  and  they  are  all  trj'ing  to  do 
good  work.  Thirty-seven  of  them  are 
from  absolutely  heathen  homes.  I  of- 
ten think  I  ought  to  be  the  happiest 
woman  in  the  world,  with  such  an  op- 
portunity to  sow  seed  for  the  Master 
in  a  field  as  yet  imhardened  by  long 
years  of  idolatry." 


"The  following  from  Mr.  McEacherr 
shows  what  the  native  Christians  at 
Kunsan  are  doing  in  the  wav  of  self- 
support.  And  tlie  whole  history  of 
mission  work  in  Korea  shows  how  im- 
portant a  right  beginning  is  in  that 
most  vital  matter: 

"The  local  church  here  has  been 
completed  with  exception  of  the  brick 
veneer  on  the  outside  and  some  paint. 
It  is  a  comfortable  church,  seating 
1,000.  The  congregation  raised  $850 
and  paid  the  Mission  $100  for  the  site. 
$150  is  needed  to  complete  the  struc- 
ture, and  I  think  they  can  raise  that 
easy  enough." 


When  the  editor  was  in  China  he 
attended  a  function  at  one  of  the  na- 
tive churches,  at  which  one  of  the  mis- 
sionaries made  an  address,  explaining 
that  the  said  editor,  who  was  then  only 
a  Foreign  Mission  Secretary,  repre- 
sented a  work  that  was  being  carried 
on  in  many  different  parts  of  the  world. 
He  received  as  a  present  from  the 
church  an  illuminated  scroll  containing 
a  complimentary  poem  which,  as  trans- 


hited  by  Dr.  "Woodbridge,  ran  as  fol- 
lows : 

••  His  effulgent  light   illuminates  all 
lands, 

He  causeth  the  people  of  everj'  coun- 
try to  drink 

Of  the  waters  that  flow  from  the 
Great  Eock."' 

Dr.  James  B.  Woods,  of  Tsing-Ki- 
ang-Pu  has,  through  his  medical  skill, 
acquired  a  reputation  that  surpasses 
that  which  these  lines  would  indicate 
the  subject  of  them  to  have  acquired. 
Dr.  Patterson  writes: 

"Dr.  AVoods's  reputation  among  the 
people  of  T.-K.-P.  is  so  great  that  the 
brilliant  conjunction  of  the  planets 
that  occurred  in  the  spring  was  as- 
cribed to  him,  and  they  were  called 
his  stars." 

Mrs.  Woods  thus  graphically  de- 
scribes the  retinue  and  impedimenta  of 
the  wife  of  an  official  who  recently 
came  to  the  hospital: 


Mrs.  Nancy  Smith  Farmer,  of  Sherman,  Texas, 
who  recently  sailed  as  a  missionary  to 
China. 


810 


The  Missionart  Survey. 


[March,  1917] 


Dr.   and  Mrs.   Thos.  Th.  Stixrud. 


"The  official  had  to  have  three  rooms, 
one  for  the  patient,  one  for  a  second 
wife,  and  one  for  himself.  Accommo- 
dations were  also  required  for  two  wo- 
men servants,  a  slave  girl  and  three 
men  servants.  They  insisted  on  bring- 
ing all  sorts  of  clothing,  basins,  bowls, 
cups,  teapots,  and  indeed,  one  day  I 
found  a  chicken  and  duck  tied  to  the 
iron  bed  leg,j  waiting  for  the  patient 
to  get  an  appetite  to  enjoy  them." 


The  following  quotation  from  a  let- 
ter recently  received  from  Rev.  L.  B. 
Tate,  of  Chunju,  Korea,  throws  an  in- 
teresting side  light  on  the  easy,  self- 
indulgent  life  that  foreign  mission- 
aries, and  especially  those  in  Orienrui 
countries,  are  sometimes  described  as 
living.  Mr.  Tate  has  been  in  Korea 
twenty-five  years  and  is  no  longer  a 
young  man.  He  has  always  seemed  to 
enjoy  the  sterner  features  of  missionary 
life  and  has  perhaps  done  more  itiner- 
ating and  been  through  more  hard 
places  than  any  other  missionary  in 
Korea.  We  think  the  time  has  prob- 
ably come  when  he  needs  a  little  affec- 
tionate admonition  on  the  subject  of 
the  proper  care  of  his  physical  man, 
with  a  view  to  the  prolongation  of  his 


term  of  service  on  the  field.  Mr.  Tate 
writes : 

"I  came  in  Monday  from  a  revival 
service  in  one  of  McCiitchen's  farthest 
churches,  where  we  had  a  good  week's 
meeting  considering  the  cold  and  snow. 
I  am  due  today  at  one  of  my  churches 
for  a  class  and  revival  service,  but  have 
concluded  not  to  go.  Last  Saturday 
afternoon  I  engaged  a  rickshaw  to  take 
me  a  long  twenty  miles  to  the  railway 
station.  Sunday  night  it  snowed  and 
blew,  turning  very  cold.  At  about  half- 
past  5  Monday  a.  m.,  the  rickshaw 
came,  but  after  getting  in  it  I  found 
that  one  of  the  men  had  not  come. 
Well,  I  knew  that  through  unbroken 
snow  one  man  could  not  take  me,  so 
I  sat  in  the  rickshaAV  for  half  an  hour 
while  the  second  man  was  being  se- 
cured. We  started,  got  nearly  through 
the  town  and  found  that  the  thing 
would  not  stand  up,  so  while  one  man 
went  for  his  chickie  (a  frame  used  by 
Koreans  for  carrying  things  on  their 
backs)  to  carry  my  things,  I  stood  in 
the  snow  for  about  twenty  minutes. 
My  feet  got  to  feel  quite  cold,  though 
I  have  had  them  to  feel  colder.  At 
six-twenty  I  started  walking — within 
tAvo  or  three  miles  my  feet  were  feeling 


Foreign 
Uiasions 


The  Missionary  Survey. 


311 


quite  comfortable.  Well,  by  hard 
walking,  with  two  passes  to  go  over, 
I  made  the  train,  with  ten  minutes  to 
spare — six  hours  and  twenty  minutes' 
hard  walking.  I  sat  down  in  the  car 
by  the  stove  and  ate  my  dinner.  Be- 
fore I  finished  the  right  side  of  my 
foot  and  big  toe  began  to  hurt  and  by 
the  time  I  had  finished  dinner  it  was 
hurting  so  bad  that  I  took  off  my  shoe 
and  sock  to  look  at  it  and  found  that  it 
had  been  frozen,  but  was  already 
thawed  out,  so  much  the  worse  for  me. 
By  the  time  I  got  home  at  half-past  9 
that  night,  the  toe  was  much  swollen 
and  black.  Some  were  sure  I  would 
lose  the  toe.  I  did  not  think  so.  By 
now  it  is  pretty  sure  that  I  will  not 
lose  my  toe,  though  all  the  skin,  nail 
and  possibly  some  of  the  flesh,  will 
slough  off.  Well,  that  is  why  I  am  not 
going  through  the  snow  and  cold  over 
a  bad  pass  out  to  mv  appointment  to- 
day." 


The  following  personal  items  are 
taken  from  the  November  issue  of  The 
Congo  Mission  Neios : 

"Mr.  and  Mrs.  McKee  have  returned 
to  their  work  at  Mutoto,  and  Mr.  and 
Mrs.  Bedinger  have  gone  to  Lusambo. 
which  station  Mr.  Bedinger  founded." 

"Luebo.  Mrs.  McElroy,  who  only 
reached  this  station  nine  months  ago, 
is  now  principal  of  the  local  day- 
school,  which  has  eight  hundred  pupils 
in  daily  attendance.  Mrs.  Daumery, 
who  came  at  the  same  time,  is  teaching 
singing  and  French  in  the  same  school. 
Mrs.  Edmiston  has  taken  charge  of  the 
Pantoi:)'s  Home,  with  its  one  hundred 
girls.  Great  gratification  is  felt  at  the 
efficient  manner  in  which  these  new 
missionaries  have  taken  hold  of  their 
respective  tasks. 

"At  the  central  station  of  Luebo  on 
a  recent  Sunday  one  hundred  and 
twenty-one  were  baptised  on  profession 
of  faith  in  Christ.  The  Sunday  School 
at  this  station  has  an  average  attend- 
ance of  about  thirteen  hundred,  exclu- 
sive of  other  schools  in  the  neighbor- 


hood conducted  by  Messrs.  Schlotter, 
Stegall,  Daumery  and  Wharton." 

Dr.  Thos.  Th.  Stixrud,  of  our  Congo 
Mission,  was  very  appropriately  and 
happily  married  on  January  IG  to  Miss 
Mary  Etta  Parks,  a  trained  nurse  re- 
cently graduated  from  St.  Luke's  Hos- 
pital, St.  Louis,  Mo.  The  picture 
printed  herewith  will  indicate  to  the 
general  public,  as  testimonials  from 
many  other  sources  have  indicated  to 
the  Executive  Committee  that  in  this 
matter  Dr.  Stixrud  is  a  proper  subject 
of  special  congratulation. 

Their  plans  were  all  made  for  sail- 
ing in  the  early  spring,  and  their  ar- 
rival on  the  field  is  eagerly  and  anx- 
iously awaited  by  the  missionaries  of 
Luebo  and  vicinity,  who  are  dependent 
upon  them  for  medical  and  surgical 
attention.  In  the  present  state  of  the 
submarine  situation  and  of  our  rela- 
tions with  the  German  empire,  how- 
ever, it  will  be  necessary  that  their  sail- 
ing arrangements  be  indefinitely  post- 
poned.   Let  us  hope  and  pray  that  in 


Rev.  H.  L.  Reaves. 


312 


The  Missionary  Survey. 


[April,  1917] 


Rev.  and  Mrs.  H.  Kerr  Taylor. 


the  good  providence  of  God  our  good 
president  may  win  out  in  the  fight 
which  he  is  making  for  the  freedom  of 
the  seas  for  innocent  neutrals  in  the 
time  of  war,  and  the  way  thus  be 
opened  for  Dr.  and  Mrs.  Stixrud  and 
a  number  of  other  American  mission- 
aries noAV  at  home  on  furlough  to  re- 
turn to  the  field. 


The  friends  of  Eev.  and  Mrs.  James 
O.  Shelby,  of  our  Meixco  Mi.'^sion,  will 
be  grieved  to  hear  of  the  death  of  their 
little  son,  James  AVilliam,  on  February 
11,  at  Mercedes,  Texas,  where  they 
have  been  sojourning  Avhile  waiting 
for  the  opportunity  to  return  to  their 
work  in  Mexico,  and  Avill  join  with  us 


in  extending  to  them  our  profound 
sympathj^  in  their  bereavement. 


The  following  missionaries  are  ex- 
pected to  sail  for  China  during  the 
inonth  of  March: 

Rev.  and  Mrs.  H.  Kerr  Taylor,  Rev. 
Henry  L.  Reaves,  and  Mrs.  Nancy 
Farmer.  Mrs.  Farmer  goes  as  trained 
nurse  to  the  Kashing  Hospital.  Her 
support  is  provided  by  the  Medical 
Board  of  the  Rockefeller  Foundation. 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  Taylor  and  Mr.  Reaves 
go  to  the  North  Kiangsu  Mission. 
They  will  probably  go  first  to  Nanking 
for  language  study,  and  their  perma- 
nent stations  will  be  assigned  by  the 
Mission. 


Mrs.  H.  A.  Ott.  of  Fairfield.  Va..  writes: 

"  We  read  The  Si  uvky  from  cover  to  cover,  and  it  is  such  a  help  in 
the  meetings  of  our  Society." 


Foreign 
Missions 


The  Missionary  Sur\'ey. 


313 


SENIOR  FOREIGN  MISSION  PROGRAM  FOR  APRIL,  1917. 


Arranged  by  Miss  Margaret  McNeilly. 
Topic — Africa. 


Scripture  Reading — Psalm  96. 
Hymn— Jesus  Calls  Us  O'er  the  Tumult. 
Prayer — For  the  missionaries  in  Africa,  that 
they  may  have  an  especial  blessing. 
Minutes. 

Roll  Call — Answer  with  a  saying  of  a  noted 

missionary  to  Africa. 
Offering. 
Business. 
Solo — Selected. 

Reading — The  Call  to  Africa. 
Topical — Conditions  in  Africa. 

Message  from  Dr.  Stixrud. 

Miracles  of  the  Kongo. 

Prayer  of  a  Moslem  Wife. 
Hymn — O  Zion  Haste. 

Prayer — Closing  with  the  Lord's  Prayer  in 
concert. 

Suggestions. 
^Use  the  Monthly  Topic  in  the  current 
issue  of  The  Survey,  in  the  following  way: 


Ask  each  member  of  the  Society  to  read  it 
then  let  the  leader  ask  questions  on  the 
article.  These  should  be  previously  prepared 
but  not  given  out. 

In  the  Missionary  Review  of  the  World 
for  January,  1917.  there  is  an  excellent  ar- 
ticle, "War  Experiences  in  West  Africa." 
This  might  be  substituted  for  or  added  to 
the  articles  given  in  the  program. 

Pray  earnestly  at  this  time  for  our  mis- 
sionaries in  Africa  who  seem  to  be  cut  off, 
or  hindered  in  their  work  by  war  condi- 
tions. 


^^^^^^  •  TKe  above  program  with  leaf- 
^  ^  •   lets  to  carry  it  out,  may  be  had 

from  the  ELxecutive  Committee  of  Frreign 
Missions,  154  Fifth  Ave.,  N.,  Nashville,  Tenn. 
Single  copy,  10  cents.  Subscription  for  the 
year  $1.  These  programs  are  issued  the  15th 
of  each  month  for  use  the  succeeding  month. 


COMPARATIVE  STATEMENT  FOREIGN  MISSION  RECEIPTS. 


Receipts  applicable  to  Regular  Appropriation: 


February 

1917 

1916 

Churches 

$  18,062.33 

i  22,454.68 

"  Brazil 

12.50 

"  Japan   

5.00 

Sunday  Schools     _  . 

703.76 

542.45 

"  Brazil, 

376.10 

"  Japan- 

400.71 

Societies 

5,431.09 

6,522.33 

Stixrud  

323.90 

Miscellaneous 

2,183.64 

2,435.21 

Stixrud  

4.80 

$  27,098.12  3 

?  32,410.38 

Legacies 

$  27,098.12  5 

^  32.410.38 

Eleven  months,  Apri 

1  1,  1916,  to 

February 

28,  1917: 

1917 

1916 

Churches 

.$227,486.39  i 

5217,118.62 

"  Brazil 

156.75 

"  Japan 

4.00 

87.15 

Sundav  Schools 

7.173.33 

5.772.33 

"  Brazil- 

14.183.66 

"  Japan- 

143.01 

11.361.33 

Societies     -  _ 

58,487.47 

54  911.30 

"  Brazil   

226.68 

"  Japan   

30.00 

185.13 

Stixrud  

1.068.47 

Miscellaneous 

24,234.05 

21,994.17 

"  Japan   

52.12 

Brazil    19.11 

Stixrud  --_  34.80 


$333,247.70  $311,482.15 
Legacies    5,542.01  2,262.20 


$338,789.71  $313,744.35 


Initial  appropriation  for  year  end- 
ing March  31,  1917  $506,034.17 

Net  additional   appropriation  to 

February  28,  1917-^   41,236.85 


Total  appropriation  to  Febru- 
ary 28,  1917  $547,271.02 

Deficit  March  31,  1916   62,766.04 


Amount  needed  for  year  (at  this 
date)  $610,037.06 

The  amount  received  for  objects 

outside  the  budget  is  $  31,268.78 

The  books  will  close  Monday,  April  2,  and 
such  Treasurers  as  find  it  impossible  to  mail 
a  letter  to  reach  me  by  Monday  morning 
may  send  telegram  authorizing  sight  draft, 
giving  name  of  church,  and  organizations 
entitled  to  credit  and  designating  bank 
through  which  draft  can  be  sent. 

EDWIN  F.  WILLIS, 

Treasurer. 

Nashville,  Tenn..  Fel>.  28,  1917. 


MEMORIZING  THE  SHORTER  CATECHISM. 


REV.  E.  MURPHY  WILLIAMS, 
pastor  of  the  Church  of  the  Cov- 
enant, is  the  originator  of  a  plan 
for  waging  a  "catechism  campaign  in 
the  Presbyterian  Church  of  Greens- 
boro, N.  C.  The  Church  of  the  Cove- 
nant Sunday  School  sent  a  challenge 
to  the  First  Presbyterian  and  West- 
minster churches,  to  see  which  could 
furnish  the  largest  per  cent,  of  church 
membership  as  having  recited  the  cate- 
chism, also  to  see  which  church  would 
win  in  a  public  "match"  to  be  held  at 
the  close  of  the  contest  about  April  1. 

The  other  churches  have  accepted 
the  challenge,  and  the  battle  is  on. 

Old  men  70  years  of  age  are  study- 
ing, deacons  and  elders  are  working 
hard,  and  children  from  8  years  old 
on  up  are  memorizing  diligently.  The 
women  will  all  get  it  hearing  the  men 
and  children  rehearse.  They  expect 
to  make  a  big  pull  on  the  Publication 
Committee  for  Bibles  about  the  10th 
of  April,  and  will  doubtless  do  much 
to  keep  up  the  record  of  the  Old  North 
State  for  staunch  rooted-and-grounded 
Presbyterianism. 

This  contest  has  aroused  considera- 
ble interest,  the  Greensboro  Daily 
News  devoting  a  headline  to  it  one 
Monday  morning  soon  after  it  was 
launched,  under  which  appeared  the 
following  reference  to  the  method  of 
the  pastor  of  the  Church  of  the  Cove- 
nant in  enlisting  his  congregation: 
"The  Church  of  the  Covenant  Sun- 


day School  has  challenged  the  First 
Presbyterian  and  Westminster  church- 
es to  a  catechism  contest  to  be  held 
about  the  first  of  April,  and  in  order 
to  get  it  before  his  people  Mr.  Wil- 
liams, pastor  of  the  Church  of  the  Cov- 
enant, preached  a  powerful  doctrinal 
sermon  yesterday  morning  on  the  cate- 
chism which  he  ternied  "our  compen- 
dium of  theology  and  sheet  anchor  of 
orthodoxy.'  He  chose  as  his  text  first 
Peter  3:15:  'Nothing  so  clarifies 
thought  as  to  endeavor  to  put  it  into 
words,  and  sometimes  under  this  test 
what  we  flatter  ourselves  is  real  knowl- 
edge proves  a  mere  general  impres- 
sion,' he  said. 

"  'Christ  put  to  His  disciples  the 
question,  'Whom  say  ye  that  I  am?' 
Now  they  were  to  formulate  their  own 
deliberate  conviction  and  for  the  first 
time  they  put  into  words  their  belief 
about  the  Master.' 

"The  speaker  declared  it  to  be  his 
desire  to  emphasize  in  the  service  that 
wonderful  little  book,-the  Shorter  Cate- 
chism, which  is  to  his  mind  the  most 
complete  doctrinal  statement  ever  writ- 
ten. Formulated  over  250  years  ago 
by  the  master  minds  of  England  and 
•Scotland,  and  of  the  period,  this  body 
sat  for  five  years  working,  studying 
the  scripture  and  praying  for  guidance 
in  forming  the  confession  of  faith  and 
the  catechisms,  the  shorter  and  larger, 
which  have  been  adopted  as  the  stand- 
ards of  the  Presbyterian  church. 


Publication  and 

Sabbath  School  Extension 


The  Missionary  Survey. 


315 


"  'The  mastering  of  the  107  questions 
in  the  shorter  catechism  will  enable  ev- 
ery one  to  give  reasons  for  the  hope 
within  them.'  He  quoted  largely  from 
a  number  of  celebrated  authors  both 
secular  and  religious,  regarding  their 
views  of  the  little  book,  besides  men- 
tioning national  and  world  characters 
who  were  trained  -from  childhood  in 
these  doctrines. 

"  'The  leading  men  of  our  nation  to- 
day, were  grounded  in  this  work  at 
their  mothers'  knees,'  said  Mr.  Wil- 
liams. 


"He  spoke  of  the  fact  that  other  de- 
nominations had  taught  these  truths 
in  a  modified  form  and  although  this 
little  book  is  of  human  composition,  it 
is  a  work  of  sound  words  'agree- 
able unto  and  founded  on  the  Word 
of  God,  which  liveth  and  abideth  for- 
ever.' 

"  'Their  truth  has  been  life  and  food 
for  souls,  giving  strength  in  wealmess, 
help  in  temptation  and  victory  in  con- 
flict.' " 


HOW  QUICKLY  C  OMES  THE  FRUIT. 


REV.  A.  L.  '  LASSITER,  OF 
Benson,  N.  C,  who  has  been 
holding  tent  meetings  all  over 
Johnson  County  the  past  summer,  with 
the  assistance  of  Mr.  G.  L.  Newton,  has 
had  fine  results.  The  Church  at  Ben- 
son was  only  organized  June  12,  1916, 
and  in  less  than  three  months  had 
started  a  Mission  in  this  little  school- 
house,  with  an  enrollment  of  about  45 
and  a  good  many  visitors  every  Sun- 
day. They  didn't  stop  to  build  them- 
selves a  house  of  worship,  but  meet 
in  a  big  old  ugly  frame  school  build- 
ing. The  Spirit  of  Missions  is  keep- 
ing pretty  close  to  this  band. 

AVith  Mr.  Newton's  assistance,  Mr. 


Schoolhouse  whore  there  is  a  Mission  of  the 
Benson  Chiir.h,  which  itself  was  only 
organized  June,  1916. 


"Just  a  Boy." 


Lassiter  is  attempting  to  reach  some 
nine  points  in  and  around  Benson. 
They  find  it  easy  to  get  started  among 
a  people  both  spiritually  needy  and 
willing  to  receive  them,  but  leaders  are 
scarce.  The  permanency  of  the  work 
is  being  looked  after  as  far  as  possible 
and  every  effort  is  being  made  to  safe- 
guard the  time  and  the  money  ex- 
pended. 


A  Group  of  Corpus  Christi  (ans)  Who  Enjoy  their  Sunday  School  Privileges. 


THE  ONE  WAY  TO  "ASSIMILATE  THE  FOREIGNER. 


THIS  picture  is  of  the  Texas-Mex- 
ican congregation  at  Corpus 
Christi.  looked  after  by  Eev. 
Daniel  Torres.  Mr.  Torres  was  for- 
merly a  Methodist  minister,  but  as  he 
says  now  he  has  been  "predestinated." 
He  is  the  only  Sunday  School  Field 
Worker  supported  by  this  Committee 
among  the  Mexicans,  at  present,  and 
he  works  directly  under  Rev.  E.  L. 
Campbell,  of  San  Antonio,  the  Chair- 
man of  S.  S.  and  Publication  for  this 
Presbytery. 

Through  the  summer,  Mr.  Guillermo 


Walls,  a  student  last  year  at  the  Gen- 
eral Assembly's  Training  School  in 
Richmond,  Va.,  worked  under  Mr. 
Campbell  among  the  Texas-Mexicans, 
and  did  good  work  at  their  annual 
camp-meeting  at  Laredo.  The  train- 
ing he  had  received  through  the  win- 
ter at  the  Training  School  stood  him 
in  good  stead,  for  he  found  them  eager 
to  learn  the  best  ways  of  working, 
though  they  have  little  to  spend  for 
equipment,  and  owing  to  the  shifting 
of  the  groups,  it  is  hard  to  make  the 
work  very  permanent. 


SUBSCRIBERS  PLEASE  NOTICE  ! 

Our  former  custom  of  continuing  to  send  The  Missionary  Survey  two  months 
after  a  subscription  expires,  in  the  hope  that  a  belated  renewal  will  hold  the  sub- 
scription unbroken,  has  been  necessarily  discontinued.  The  cost  of  production 
has  grown  too  great  to  admit  of  the  waste  involved.  When  a  subscription  is 
allowed  to  expire  NOW  the  magazine  is  discontinued  to  that  subscriber  until 
renewed.  We  have  also  been  obliged,  for  Economy's  sake,  to  discontinue  mail- 
ing notices  of  expiration  to  each  individual.  The  month  of  expiration  is  indi- 
cated on  the  wrapper  of  your  magazine  and  we  are  asking  you  to  notice  it 
before  removing  the  wrapper  and  to  send  in  your  renewal  in  advance  in  order 
to  insure  against  discontinuance. 

So  far  we  have  held  the  price  down  to  50  cents  a  year  for  The  Mis- 
sionary Survey,  though  the  cost  of  its  production  has  nearly  doubled  within 
the  past  year.  It  now  costs  about  ninety  cents  to  produce  and  deliver  the  mag- 
azine into  your  hands. 


The  Missionary  Survey. 


317 


MISSIONARIES  OF  THE  PRESBYTERIAN  CHURCH,  U.  8. 


AFRICA-CONGO  MISSION 

AFRICA.  [47] 
Bulape,  1897. 
K»v.  and  Mrs.  H.  M.  Washburn 
Rev.  and  Mrs.  R.  F.  Cleveland 
lUv.  and  Mrs.  C.  T.  Wharton 

Lnebo,  1.S91. 
R«v.  W.  M.  Morrison 
Rev.  and  Mrs.  Motte  Martin 
Dr.  and  Mrs.  L.  J.  Copped'ge 
R«v.  and  *Mrs.  A.  L.  Edmiston  (c) 
•Rev.    and    Mrs.    L.    A.  DeYam- 

pert  (c) 
•Miss  Mari.i   P'earing'  (c) 
R«v.  and  J        C.  L.  Crane 
Mr.  T.  J.  Arnold,  Jr. 
•Miss  Elda  M.  Fair 
Mr.  W.  L.  Hillhouse 
Rev.  and  Mrs.  T.  C.  Vinson 
•Rev.  S.  H.  Wilds 
•Dr.  T.  Th.  Stixrud 
Rev.  and  Mrs.  A.  C.  McKinnon 
tMr.  and  Mrs.  T.  Daunnerv 
•Rev.  and  Mrs.  .J.  W.  Allen 
Miss  Grace  E.  Miller 
Mr.  B.  M.  Schlotter 
Rev.  and  Mrs.  W.  F.  McElroy 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  C.  R.  Stegall 
Dr.  and  Mrs.  E.  R.  Kellersberger 

Mutoto,  1912. 
Rev.  and'  Mrs.  Geo.  T.  McKee 
•Rev.  A.  A.  Rochester  (c) 
Rev.  and  Mrs.  Plumer  Smith 
Dr.  and  Mrs.  Robt.  R.  King 

Lusambo,  19i:{. 
•Rev.  and  Mrs.  .1.  McC.  Sieg- 
Rev.  and  Mrs.  R.  D.  Bedinger 

E.   BRAZIL  MISSION.  [13] 
Liivras,  189.'5. 
Rev.  and  Mrs.  S.  R.  Gammon 
Miss  Charlotte  Kemper 
•Rev.  H.  S.  Allyn,  M.  D. 
•Mrs.  H.  S.  Allyn 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  C.  C.  Knight 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  B.  H.  Hunnicutt 
Miss  R.  Caroline  Kilgore 
•Mr.  and  Mrs.  F.  F.  Baker 
tRev.  A.  S.  Maxwell 
Miss  Genevieve  Mai-ohant 

Piumhy.  189«. 
Mrs.  Kate  B.  Cowan 

Bom  !SueoeNSo. 
Miss  Ruth  See 
Mrs.  D.  G.  Armstrong 

W.    BRAZIL    MISSION      [1  1 
Ytu,  1909. 
Rev.  and  Mrs.  ,Jas.  1'.  Smith 

Braganca,  1907. 
•Rev.  and  Mrs.  Gaston  Boyle 

f-mni»>n«.  1S«». 
Rev.  and  Mrs.  J.  R.  Smith 

Itai<etiuin!^a, 
Rev.  and  Mrs.  R.  D.  Daffin 

Ds.scalvado,  190S. 
Rev.  and  Mrs.  Alva  Hardie 

N.    BRAZIL    MISSION  [12] 
Garanliuns,  1895. 
Rev.  and  Mrs.  ii.  E.  Henderlite 
Rev.  and  Mrs.  ^V.  M.  Thompson 
Miss  Eliza  M.  Reed 

Pernambuco,  1873. 
Miss  Margaret  Douglas 
•Miss  Edmonia  R.  Martin 
Rev.  and  Mrs.  W.  C.  Porter 
Miss  Leora  James 

Canhotlnho. 
Dr.  G.  W.  Butler 
Mrs.  G.  W.  Butler 

MID-CHINA   MISSION  [70] 
Tunghianig,  1904, 
Rev.  and  Mrs.  J.  Y.  McGinnis 
Rev.  and  Mrs.  H.  Maxcy  Smith 


Miss  R.  Elinore  Lynch 
•Miss  Kittle  McMuUen 

Hangchotv,  1867. 

Mrs.  J.  L.  Stuart,  Sr. 

Miss  E.  B.  French 

Miss  Emma  Boardman 

Rev.  and  Mrs.  Warren  H.  Stuart 

Miss  Annie  R.  V.  Wilson 

Rev.  and  Mrs.  R.  J.  McMullen 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  J.  M,  Wilson 

*Miss  Rebecca  E  Wilson 

tMr.  S.  C.  Farrior 

Rev.  G.  W.  Painter,  Pulaski,  Va. 

Rev.  and  Mrs.  J.  M.  Blain 

Miss  Nettie  McMullen 
Shanghai. 

Rev.  and  Mrs.  S.  I.  Woodbridge 

Rev.  and  Mrs.  C.  N.  Caldwell 
Kashing,  1S95. 

Rev.  and  Mrs.  W.  H.  Hudson 

Dr.  and  Mrs.  W.  H.  Venable 

Miss  Elizabeth  Talbot 

Rev.  and'  Mrs.  Lowry  Davis 

Miss  Irene  Hawkins 

Dr.  and  Mrs.  A.  C.  Hutcheson 

Miss  Elizabeth  Corriher 

Miss  Florence  Nickles 

Miss  Mildred  Watkins 

jMiss  Sade  A.  Nisbet 

Klangyin,  1895. 

Rev.  and  Mrs.  L.  I.  Moffett 

Rev.  Lacy  L.  Little 

Dr.  and  Mrs.  Geo.  C.  Worth 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  Andrew  Allison 

Miss  Rida  Jourolman 

Mrs.  Anna  McG.  Sykes 

Miss  Ida  M.  Albaugh 

Miss  Carrie  L.  Moffett 

Dr.  F.  R.  Crawford 
•Miss  Venie  J.  Lee,  M.  D. 

Miss  Anna  M.  Sykes 
Nanking. 
Rev.  and  Mrs.  J.  L.  Stuart 

Dr.  and  Mrs.  R.  T.  Shields 
Rev.  and  Mrs.  P.  F.  Price 

Soochow,  1872. 
Rev.  J.  W.  Davis 
Dr.  and  Mrs.  J.  R.  Wilkinson 
Mrs.  Addle  M.  Sloan 
Miss  Gertrude  Sloan 
Mrs.  M.  P.  McCormick 
Rev.  and  Mrs.  P.  C.  DuBose 
Rev.  R.  A.  Haden 
*Mrs.  R.  A.  Haden 
Miss  Irene  McCain 
Dr.  and  Mrs.  M.  P.  Youn-? 
Miss  M.  Paxton  Moffett 
NORTH  KIANGSU  MISSION.  [74] 

Chinkiang,  1883. 
Rev.  and  Mrs.  A.  Sydenstricker 
Rev.  and  Mrs.  J.  W.  Paxton 
Rev.  and  Mrs.  D.  W.  Richardson 
Rev.  and  Mrs.  J.  C.  Crenshaw 
Miss  Pearl  Sydenstricker 

Talchow,  1908. 
Rev.  and  Mrs.  T.  L.  Harnsberger 
Dr.  and  Mrs.  Robt.  B.  Price 
Rev.  Chas.  Ghiselin,  Jr. 

Hsuchoufu,  1897. 
•Mrs.  Mark  B.  Grier,  M.  D. 
Dr.  and  Mrs.  A.  A.  McFadyen 
•Rev.  and  Mrs.  Geo.  P.  Stevens 
Rev.  and  Mrs.  F.  A.  Brown 
Rev.  and  Mrs.  O.  V.  Armstrong 
Rev.  Lewis  H.  Lancaster 
Hwaianfu,  1904. 
Rev.  and  Mrs.  H.  M.  Woods 
Miss  Josephine  Woods 
•Rev.  and  Mrs.  O.  F.  Yates 
Miss  Lillian  C.  Wells 
Miss  Lily  Woods 


Yencheng,  1909. 

•Rev.  and  Mrs.  H.  W.  White 
Rev.  and  Mrs.  C.  F.  Hancock 
Dr.  and  Mrs.  J.  W.  Hewett 
Rev.  and  Mrs.  C.  H.  Smith 

Sut.-«ien,  1893. 
Dr.  and  Mrs.  J.  W.  Bradley 
Rev.  B.  C.  Patterson 
Mrs.  B.  C.  Patterson,  M.  D. 
Rev.  and  Mrs.  W.  C.  McLauchlin 
Rev.  and  Mrs.  W.  F.  Junkin 
Mr.    H.    W.  McCutchan 
Miss   Mada  McCutchan 
Miss  M.  M.  Johnston 
Miss  B.  McRobert 
Miss  Carrie  Knox  Williams 

Tsing-kiang-pu,  1897. 
Rev.  and  Mrs.  J.  R.  Graham,  Jr. 
Dr.  and  Mrs.  James  B.  Woods 
Rev.  and  Mrs.  A.  A.  Talbot 
Miss  Jessie  D.  Hall 
•Miss  Sallie  M.  Lacy 
Miss  Nellie  Sprunt 
Miss  Agnes  Woods 
Miss  Sophie  P.  Graham 
Dr.  and  Mrs.  L.  Nelson  Bell 

Tonghai,  1908. 
Rev.  and'  Mrs.  J.  W.  Vinson 
L.  S.  Morgan.  M.  D. 
Rev.  and  Mrs.  Thos.  B.  Grafton 
Mrs.  L.  S.  Morgan,  M.  D. 
•Rev.  and  Mrs.  A.  D.  Rice 

CUBA  MISSION  [9] 

Cardenus,  1899. 
Miss  M.  E.  Craig 
Rev.  and  Mrs.  J.  T.  Hall 

Caibarien,  1891. 
Miss  Marv  I.  Alexander 
*Rev.  and  Mrs.  R.  L.  Wharton 
*itev.  and  Mrs.  John  MacWilliam 
tMiss  Janie  Evans  Patterson 
tRev.  H.  B.  Someillan 

Placetas,  1909. 

None. 

Camajuani.  1910. 

Miss  Edith  McC.  Houston 

tRev.    and  Mrs.  Ezequiel  D.  Torres 

Sagua,  1914. 
tRev.     and    -Mrs.     Juan     Orts  y 
Gonzales 

JAPAN  MISSION.  [39] 
Kobe,  1890. 
•Rev.  and  Mrs.  S.  P.  Fulton 
Rev.  and  Mrs.  H.  W.  Myers 
Rev.  and  Mrs.  W.  McS.  Buchanan 

Kochi,  1885. 
•Rev.  and  Mrs.  W.  B.  Mcllwaine 
Rev.  and  Mrs.  H.  H.  Munroe 
Miss  Estelle  Lumpkin 
Miss  Annie  H.  Dowd 

Nagoya,  1867. 
Rev.  and  Mrs.  W.  C.  Buchanan 
•Miss  Charlotte  Thompson 
Miss  Leila  G.  Kirtland 
Rev.  and'  Mrs.  R.  E.  McAlpine 
Miss  Elizabeth  O.  Buchanan 

Susaki,  1898. 
Rev.  and  Mrs.  J.  W.  Moore 

Takamatsa,  1898. 
Rev.  and  Mrs.  S.  M.  Erickson 
•Rev.  and  Mrs.  A.  P.  Hassell 
Rev.  and  Mrs.  J.  W.  Hassell 
Miss  M.  J.  Atkinson 

Tokushlma,  1889. 
Rev.  and  Mrs.  C.  A.  Logan 
•Miss  Lillian  W.  Curd 
Rev.  and  Mrs.  H.  C.  Ostrom 


318 


The  Missionary  Survey. 


Miss  Mary  L.  Dodson 
Mrs.  C.  C.  Owen 
•Rev.  and  Mrs.  P.  B.  Hill 
Miss  Ella  Graham 
Dr.  and  Mrs.  R.  M.  Wilson 
*Miss  Anna  McQueen 
Rev.  and  Mrs.  J.  "V.  N.  Talmage 
Rev.  and  Mrs.  Robert  Knox 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  M.  L.  Swinehart 
KOREAN  MISSION.        [80]  Miss  Esther  B.  Matthevi^s 

Rev.  T.  E.  Wilson 


Toyohashl,  1902. 
•Rev.  and  Mrs.  C.  K.  Cummings 
Rev.  and  Mrs.  L.  C.  McC.  Smythe 

Okazakl,  1912. 

Miss  Florence  Patton 
Miss  Anna  V.  Patton 


Chunju,  1896. 
Rev.  and  Mrs.  L.  B.  Tate 
♦Miss  Mattie  S.  Tate 
Dr.  and  Mrs.  T.  H.  Daniel 
•Rev.  and  Mrs.  L.  O.  McCutchen 
•Rev.  and  Mrs.  W.  M.  Clark 
Rev.  and  Mrs.  W.  D.  Reynolds 
Miss  Susanna  A.  Colton 
Rev.  S.  D.  Winn 
Miss  Emily  Winn 
Miss  E.  E.  Kestler 
Miss  Lillian  Austin 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  F.  M.  Eversole 
Dr.  and  Mrs.  M.  O.  Robertson 
Miss  Sadie  Buckland' 

Kunsan,  1896. 
•Rev.  and  Mrs.  Wm.  F.  Bull 
Miss  Julia  Dysart 
•Mr.  and  Mrs.  W.  A.  Venable 
Dr.  and  Mrs.  J.  B.  Patterson 
Rev.  John  McEachern 
Mr.  Wm.  A.  Linton 
Miss  Elise  J.  Shepplng- 
Miss  Lavalette  Dupuy 
Rev.    and   Mrs.   W.    B.  Harrison 

Kwangju,  1898, 

Rev.  and  Mrs.  Eugrene  Bell 
Kev.  S.  K.  Dodson 


Mokpo,  1898. 

Rev.  and  Mrs.  H.  D.  McCallie 
Miss  Julia  Martin 
Rev.  and  Mrs.  J.  S.  Nisbet 
Miss  Ada  McMurphy 
Miss  Lille  O.  Lathrop 
Dr.  and  Mrs.  R.  S.  Leadingham 
Rev.  and  Mrs.  L.  T.  Newland 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  Wm.  P.  Parker 
Rev.  and  Mrs.  P.  S.  Crane 

Soonchun,  1913.  , 

Rev.  and  Mrs.  J.  F.  Preston 
Rev.  and  Mrs.  R.  T.  Coit 
Miss  Meta  L.  Biggar 
Miss  Anna  L.  Greer 
♦Rev.  and  Mrs.  C.  H.  Pratt 
•Dr.  and  Mrs.  H.  L.  Timmons 
Rev.  and  Mrs.  J.  0.  Crane 

MEXICO  MISSION.  [11] 

Linares,  1887. 

Rev.  and  Mrs.  H.  L.  Ross 

Matamoros,  1874. 

Miss  Alice  J.  McClelland 


San  Benito,  TexM. 

Miss  Anne  E.  Dysart 

BroTvnesvlIIe,  Texas. 

Rev.  and  Mrs.  W.  A.  Ross 

Montemorelos,  1884. 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  R.  C.  Morrow 
C.  Victoria,  1880. 

Miss  E.  V.  Lee 

Rev.  and  Mrs.  J.  O.  Shelby 

RETIRED  LIST. 

Coba. 

Miss  Janet  H.  Houston 

Japan. 

Miss  C.  E.  Stirling 

Korea. 

'Dr.  W.  H.  Forsythe 
Miss  Jean  Forsythe 
Missions,  10 
Occupied  Stations,  53. 
Missionaries,  367. 
Associate  workers,  11. 

*0n  furlough,  or  ,ln  United 
States.  Dates  opposite  names  of 
stations  indicate  year  stations 
were  opened. 

tAssociate  workers. 

For  postoffice  address,  etc.,  ■•• 
page  below. 


STATIONS,  POSTOFFICE  ADDRESSES.. 


AFRICA — For  Bulape,  Luebo,  Mutoto. — Luebo,  Congo  Belg-e,  Africa,  via.  Antwerp,  care  A.  P. 
C.  Mission  par  Kinshasa.  For  Lusambo — -"Lusambo,  Sankuru  District,  Congo  Beige,  Africa, 
via  Antwerp,  care  A.  P.  C.  Mission,"  par  Kinshasa. 

E.  BRAZIL — For  Lavras — "Lavras,  Estad'o  de  Minas  Geraes,  Brazil."  Bom  Successo,  EstadO 
de  Minas  Geraes,  Brazil.   For  Piumhy — "Piumhy,  Estado  de  Minas  Geraes,  Brazil." 

W.  BRAZIL — For  Campinas — "Campinas,  Estado  de  Sao  Paulo,  Brazil."  Itapetininga,  Estado 
do  Sao  Paulo,  Brazil.  For  Descalvado — -"Descalvado  Estado  de  Sao  Paulo,  Brazil."  For  Bra- 
g'anca — "Braganca,  Estado  de  Sao  Paulo,  Brazil."  For  Sao  Paulo — "Estado  de  Sao  Paulo 
Brazil."  For  Itu — "Itu,   Estado  d'e  Sao  Paulo,  Brazil." 

N.  BRAZIL — For  Canhotinho — "Canhotinho,  E.  de  Pernambuco,  Brazil."  For  Garanhuns — 
"Geranhuns,  E.  de  Pernambuco,  Brazil."  For  Natal  Rio  Grande  de  Norte,  Brazil."  For  Per- 
nambuco— "Recife,  E.  de  Pernambuco,  Brazil." 

CHINA — Mid-China  Mission — For  Tunghiang — "Care  Southern  Presbyterian  Mission,  Tungr- 
hiang,  via  Shanghai,  China."  For  Hangchow — "Care  Southern  Presbyterian  Mission,  Hangchow, 
China."  For  Shanghai — "Care  Southern  Presbyterian  Mission,  Shanghai,  China."  "For  Kashing 
— Care  Southern  Presbyterian  Mission,  Kashing,  via  Shanghai,  China."  For  Kiangyin— "Kiang- 
yin,  via  Shanghai,  China."  For  Nanking — "Care  Southern  Presbyterian  Mission,  Nanking,  China." 
For  Soochow — ^"Care  Southern  Presbyterian  Miss  on,  Soochow,  China."  North  Kiangsu  Mission — 
For  Chinkiang — "Care  Southern  Presbyterian  Mission.  Chinkiang,  China."  For  Taichow — "Care 
Southern  Presbyterian  Mission,  Taichow,  via  "Chinkiang,  China."  For  "Hsuchou-fu — "Care  South- 
ern Presbyterian  Mission,  Hsuchou-fu,  Ku,  China.  For  Hwaianfu — "Care  Southern  Presbyterian 
Mission,  Hwaianfu — via  Chinkiang,  China.  For  Sutsien — "Care  Southern  Presbyterian  Mis- 
sion, Sutsien,  via  Chinkiang,  China."  For  Tsing-Kiang-Pu — "Care  Southern  Presbyterian  Mis- 
sion, Tonghai,  China."  For  Yencheng — "Care  Southern  Presbyterian  Mission,  Yencheng,  Kiangsu, 
China." 

CUBA — For  Cardenas — "Cardenas,  Cuba."  For  Caibarien — "Carbarien,  Cuba."  For  Cama- 
juani — "Camajuani,  Cuba."     For  Placetas — "Placetas,  Cuba."     For  Sagua — -"la  Grande,  Cuba." 

JAiPAN — For  Kobe — "Kobe,  Setsu  Province,  Japan."  For  Kochi — -"Kochi,  Tosa  Province, 
Japan."  For  Nagoya — "Nagoya,  Owari  Province,  Japan."  For  Susaki — "Susaki,  Tosa  Province, 
Japan."  For  Takamatsu — "Takamatsu,  Sanuk'i  Province,  Japan."  For  Tokushima — "Toku- 
shima,  Awa  Province,  Japan."  For  Toyohashi — "Toyohashi,  Mikawa  Province,  Japan."  Oka- 
zaki — "Okazakl,    Mikawa  Province,  Japan." 

KOREA — For  Chunju — "Chunju,  Korea,  Asia."  For  Kunsan — "Kunsan,  Korea,  Asia."  For 
Kwangju — "Kwangju,  Korea,  Asia."  For  Mokpo — "Mokpo,  Korea,  Asia."  For  Seoul — "Seoul, 
Korea,   Asia."     For  Soonchun — "Soonchun,   Korea,  Asia. 

MEXICO  MISSION — For  Linares — "Linares,  Neuvo,  Leon,  Mexico."  For  Matamoros — "Mata- 
moros, Tamaulipas,  Mexico."  For  Montemorelos — -"Montemorelos,  Nuevo  Leon,  Mexico."  For  C. 
Victoria — "C.    Victoria,    Tamauliras,  Mexico." 


The  Missionary  Survey. 


319 


POSTAL  RATES. 

Letters  addi;essed  to  Africa,  Brazil,  Cina,  (witli  one  exception,  as 
given  herewith)  Japan  and  Korea  require  5  cents  for  the  first  ounce, 
or  fraction  of  an  ounce,  and  3  cents  for  each  additional  ounce,  or  frac- 
tion of  an  ounce.  (Shanghai,  China,  only  requires  2  cents  for  the  first 
ounce,  or  fraction  of  an  ounce.) 

Letters  addressed  to  England,  Cuba  or  Mexico  are  subject  to  the 
same  postage  rates  and  conditions  which  would  apply  to  them  if  they 
were  addressed  for  delivery  in  the  U.  S. 

Postal  cards,  2  cents  each,  for  single;  and  4  cents,  each,  for 
double  cards. 

Commercial  papers,  5  cents  each  for  the  first  10  ounces  or  less,  and 
1  cent  for  each  additional  2  ounces  or  fraction  of  2  ounces. 
Registration  fee,  in  addition  to  postage,  10  cents. 
For  mailing  Parcel  Post  packages  consult  local  postmaster. 


The  Chinese 
Woolf  lower 


•  introduced  by  us  three  years 

*  ago  is  now  acknowledged  to  be 
'  the  greatest  new  garden  an- 
t  Dual-  It  is  a  success  every- 
:  where,  plants  grrowing  2  to  3 

ieet,  a  p>Tani:d  of  color,  its 
,  many  branches  bearing  great 
ballsofwool-like  substance  and 
most  intense  crimson  scarlet. 
Flowers  develop  in  June  and 
^  none  fade  before  frost,  ever 
brilliant  and  showy  beyond 
belief.    Stti  per  pbt.  10  ett^ 
Z  tor  83  ets. 

New  Mastodon  Pansip*.  For 
immense  size,  w  onderful  col- 
ors and  vigor  the  V  are  marvels, 
Beed  lOrts.per  pkt„3  lorSorU. 
Everblooralng  Sweet  WilllmD,  a  startling  novelty,  bloomine 
in  60  tlays  from  seed,  continuing  all  the  season,  and  ever>-  season 
being  hardy.    Flowers  large,  colors  exquisite — pkt.  10  ets. 

These  3  reeat  Noreltlei,  with  two  more  (5)  for  only  SO  eta. 
See  Catalog  for  colored  plates,  culture,  etc. 

Our  Ble  Cauloe  of  Flower  and  Veg.  Seeds.  Bulbs.  Plants  and 
rare  new  fruits  free.  We  are  the  largest  growers  in  the  world  ot 
Gladiolus.  Cannas.  Dahlias.  Lilies,  Iris,  etc. 

JOHN  LEWIS  CHILDS,  Inc.,  Horal  Park,  N.  Y. 


Individual  Communion  Cups 

^  Convenient,  Noiseless  and  Sanitary 

List  of  thoQBands  of  charches  oBing  our  cnps  and  FEES 
CATALOG  with  qcotations  sent  apon  r^Qneet. 
SAmTARY  COHHUmOH  OUTFIT  CO-  116lhST„B0CHESTER,  N.  T. 


Missionary  Mistakes 
Kill  Missionaries  and  Kill  their  Work 

Study  "Jesus  the  Missionary,"  by  Rev, 
Hugh  W.  White,  D.  D."  Sold  by  The 
Presbyterian  Committee  of  Publication, 
Richmond,  Va.;  also  by  the  Rice  Music 
Store  and  the  Geo.  F.  Norton  Publishing 
Co.,  Winchester,  Va.    Price,  60  cents. 

Rev.  B.  R.  Lacy  writes:  "The  best 
book  I  have  read  in  many  days  has  just 
been  finished.  *  *  *  All  of  it  is  fine, 
but  some  interpretations  of  Christ's  life 
are  superb.  *  *  *  i  hope  it  falls  into 
the  hands  of  every  preacher  and  I  wish 
that  every  seminary  student  would  read 
it  before  going  into  his  work." 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  E.  E.  Strother,  in  charge 
of  the  Christian  Endeavor  for  China, 
said:  "It  is  so  restful.  We  were  hurried 
and  pressed  by  special  work.  Our  host  at 
family  prayers  would  read  a  short  pas- 
sage from  "Jesus  the  Missionary,"  and 
it  seemed  to  just  lift  us  up." 

Rev.  Jno.  I.  Armstrong  writes:  "I  have 
sent  copies  of  your  book  to  three  young 
missionaries,  and  am  sure  it  will  do  them 
good." 


MISSIONARY  BOOKS 


"SOLDIERS  OF  THE  PRINCE" 
T-^r.    TTTT>.Tr,o.T^  1  Ch.\s.  E.  Jefferson.  D.  D. 

tUR  JUNIORS  I  Paper,  30c.  postpaid;  cloth,  45c.  postpaid. 

The  guide  for  use  of  the  book,  by  Nelli  e  Prescott,  is  printed  as  an  appendix. 
A  set  of  ninety-six  flags  in  color,  costing  30c.;  a  set  of  paper  dolls,  "Children  of  the 
War  Zone,"  costing  30c.,  is  available  as  illustrative  material. 

"  CHILDREN  OF  THE   LIGHTHOUSE  "     Charles  L.  White,  D.  D. 

Paper,  30c.,  postpaid;  cloth,  45c.,  postpaid. 
Order  from    PRESBYTERIAN  COMMITTEE  OF  PUBLICATION, 
Richmond,  Va.         : :         : :         : :         : :         : :         : ;         Texaekana,  Abk.-Texas.