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a r Bt4 EB7 INDEX LAC
^
THE
of
Tb^ General Libraries
Mnjversity of Tc^b,
F
LPiC
INDEX TO VOLS. II -IV
THE
Missions and Missionaries
OF
CALIFORNIA
BY
FR. ZEPHYRIN ENGELHARDT. O. F. M,
SAN FRANCISCO, CAL.
THE JAMES H. BARRY COMPANY
1916
■i
THE
Missions and Missionaries
OF
CALIFORNIA
BY
FR- ZEPHYRIN ENGELHARDT, O. F. M.
AUTHOR OF
"The FrancUeans in Caltfomia"
"The FrancUcanM in Arizona"
The Holy Man of Santa Clara"
tt
INDEX TO VOLS. U-IV
SUPERIORUM PERMISSU
SAN FRANCISCXD. CAL.
THE JAMES H. BARRY COMPANY
1916
\f
COPYRIGHT
BY
ZEPHYRIN ENGELHARDT
V
TO
ST. ANTHONY OF PADUA
In a work of this kind, notwithstanding scrupu-
lous care, it is scarcely possible to avoid all mistakes.
It is hoped, however, that errors may not be so nu-
merous nor so important as to cause difficulties.
INDEX
Abad, Santiago, ii, 121
Abalorios, Indian money, beads,
ii, 619
Abandoned Missions, iv, 324,
370, Zn, 373, 445, 465-466
Abella, Fr. Ramon, ii, 625;-iii,
accompanies expedition, 27;-
on Indian mortality, 29-30;-
demands rights for Indians,
186-187 ;-ref uses oath, 243-244;-
ment., 31, 57, 160, 220, 270,
273, 445, 452;-iv, death, 279;-
ment., 41-42, -102, 115, 237, 295,
327 ;-autograph, iii, 186
Abrego, Jose, iv, 127, 472, 477,
481, 506
Absolute power. Mission Fa-
thers had no, ii, 616-617
Absolute subjection of Fathers
planned, ii, 314, 417, 422-424
Abstinence from flesh meat, iii,
160-161
Absurd ^charges, iv, 420-422
Abuse each other, Pico and
Castro, iv, 487-488, 491-494
Abuse of power, ii, 442-'443, see
Neve, Echeandia, Figueroa,
Pico, Secularization
Abusing decree of Spanish Cor-
tes, iii, 348
Acapulco, ii, 3, 441, 486;-iii, 16,
17, 53, 73, 253, 442, 513;-iv,
176, 269
Acayucan, Oaxica, ii, 342
Accent on Spanish names, ii,
p. vi
Accolti, Rev. Michael, S. J., iv,
627, 677, 680-681
Accommodations, poor, see
Bishop Diego, Fr. Duran, Fr.
Ibirra, Fr. Qui j as, Fr. A.
Real, Bishop Alemany
Accountability for wrongs to
Indians, iv. 111
Accounts of friars scrupulous,
ii, 580;-iii, 249
Accusations, false, ii, 277, 346;-
iii, 461;-iv, 7, see Calumnies
Accusations, fortunate, ii, 459
Achievements of the Missions,
see Success, Tabular Reports
Acorns as food, ii, 53
Acosta, Fr. Natividad, iv, 676
Act, last, in the Mission drama,
iv,.470
Activity of Fr. Gonzalez Rubio,
iv, 676-677
Additional taxes on Indian
Missions, iii, 225
Administration of friars suc-
cessful, see Success
Administrators installed, iii, 546-
548, 577;-one faithful, iv, 133-
134;-Vallejo disgusted, 139;-
insolence of, 142-147 ;-abuses
of, 163;-supplanted by mayor-
domos, 164
Admission, reluctant, of Pio
Pico, iv, 17-18
Admission of California into
Union, iv, 661
Adobes, or sundried bricks, ii,
247, 560-561
Adoratorio ceremonial, ii, 37
Adrian VI, Pope, iii, 46;-iv, 304
Adultery among savages, ii, 240
Adults, regarded as in Missions,
ii, 299, 449, 619
Advantage taken of mission-
aries, iii, 444
Advice, churlish, of Figueroa,
iii, 561-562
Affection of friars for Indians,
iv, 454, see Fr. Serra, Fr.
Duran;-of neophytes for
friars, ii, 277-278 ;-iv, 13
African Moors less bad than
Mission enemies, iv, 111
Afternoon services, Sundays
and holydays, ii, 256
Agatha, St., ii, 397
Agaton, Indian, iv, 452
Age of paisano chiefs, iv, 54
Agents, Indian, frequent draw-
backs, iv, 596;-first in Cali-
fornia, iv, 654-657
Aggeus, Old Testament Proph-
et, iv, 49
Aggravating case, iv, 603-604
Age:ravating circumstances, ii,
291, 330-335, 384
Agreda, Mother Mary, ii, 101
Agreeable surprise for priests
and Indians, iv, 596
Agreement between Franciscan
Colleges, iii, 407
Index
Agreement for holy Masses, ii,
67, 170;-iii, 451, 4S3;-iv. 708-
709
Agriculture at the Missions, ii,
7, 83, 219 258, 262, 594-595;-
iv, 532-535.
Agriculture among the settlers,
see Settlers, Colonists.
Agriculture, Neve would elim-
inate in Missions, ii, 332
Agua Caliente, ii, 175;-iv, 571,
642
. Agua Caliente, or Jacopin
(Warner's Ranch), iii, 143
Agua de los Alisos, ii, 32
Ag^uardiente, ii, 576-577, 592
Aguas Calientes Convention, iv,
795-796
Aguichumu, Canada de, iv, 261,
735
Aguila, Mexican periodical, iii,
267
Aguirre, Jose Antonio, iv,
ment., 129, 174, 220, 226, 232,
241, 257, 519;-marriage of,
230;-tithe collector, 247.
Aguirre, Juan Bautista, ii, 164-
165, 180, 202, 319. 321, 395
Agurto, Rev. Maximiano, iv, 690
Agustin I, Emperor of Mexico,
(Iturbide), iii, 159.
Aid refused to Fr. Garces by
Rivera, ii, 196
Ailments most common among
the friars, ii, 533.
Ailments of the Indians and
soldiers, ii, 608-609.
Aim of the missionaries, ii, 242;
-iv, 527-528;-of Missions, iii,
120
Aim of turbulent Indians, iii,
481
Aim of Mission enemies, iii,
481 ;-556-557, see Pico, Eche-
andia
Ajata, or Las Llagas, iii, 143
Alabado, ii, 128, 147, 175, 192,
254, 369, 627
Alajulapu, Mission site, ii, 600
Alaman, Lucas, ii, 650;-iii, 195,
208-209, 346. 373, 468-470, 517
Alameda, Cal., ii, 96, 181, 503,
506
Alameda County, iii, 647
Alameda Creek, ii, 96, 492, 516
Alamo, Fr. Antonio, ii, 626; iii,
51.53 ,.;jl
Alamo, Real del, ii, 41
Alamo, Texas massacre, iv, 19
Alamos, Sonora, ii, 366;-iii, 161
Alange, Cabinet Minister, Spain,
ii, 457
Alarcon, Hernando de, ii, 193
Alaska Indians, ii, 642
Alberni, Pedro de, ii, 465, 516,
532
Alcaldes, Indian, ii, 336-346,
426, 540-543 ;-iii, 397, 455, 487;-
iv, 448, 683
Alcaldes, Mexican, refuse to
serve under U. S. flag, iv, 562
Alcina, Fr. Jose Maria, iv, 718
Alegre, Francisco X., S. J., iv,
190
Alegre, Fr. Miguel de la Cruz,
iv, 711-712
Alemany, Most Rev. Jose Sa-
doc, O. P., iv, appointed Bish-
op, 666-668; -welcomed at San
Francisco, 682;-at Santa Bar-
bara, 683-684, 688;-first pas-
toral, 684;-names Fr. Gonza-
lez vicar-general, 684, 693;-at
Monterey, 684-687 ;-wants Fr.
Gonzalez to stay, 697, 712;-
assigns Notre Dame Sisters
to San Jose, 689;-grants Sta.
Clara to Jesuits, 691;-con-
vokes first synod, 692;-not
recognized by Mexico, 670,
671, 694;-at Baltimore Coun-
cil, 694;-goes to Mexico, 694;-
demands not allowed, 694;-
returns to California, 695,
696;-first ordinations, 696;-se-
cures Sisters of Charity, 697;-
made Archbishop, 710-711 ;-or-
ders books restored to Fran-
ciscans, 709;-afFection for the
Franciscans, 705, 709;-assists
in founding their college, 700-
705;-convokes first synod of
the archdiocese, 713;-ordains
priests, 716;-installs Bishop
Amat, 717;-veneration for Fr.
J. J. Jimeno, 7 19-720 ;-prose-
cutes and wins Mission Land
Case, 732-733, 745;-ment., 673,
692, 693, 706, 707, 709, 711, 712,
731, 816
Alert, The, ship, iv, 84
Aleutian Islands, ii, 438
Alexander VI, Pope, ii, 460,
670-671
Index
Alexander, Cyrus, iv, 415-416
Alipas, Gervasio, iv, 34
Alisguey, land grant, iv, 261, 735
Allegiance, oath t^ken, iii, 148-
149;-ref used, 243-245, 268-273;-
see Fr. Sarria, Fr. Duran.
Allegiance to governments, iv,
30
Alleged assembly meeting, April
13, 1846, iv, 757-758, 771
Allen, James, iv, 589
All Hallows Seminary, Ireland,
iv, 708, 716
Allowance to Fr. Cavalier at
Mission San Luis Obispo, ii,
103
Allowance to missionaries, ii,
84, 219;-iii, S3, 55
Allowance to Governor Sola,
iii, 150-151
All to all, friars, ii, 383-384
Almejas Point, ii, 49
Almonte, Juan, iv, 481
Alms, stipends regarded as, ii,
529;-iii, 545, see Stipends
Almud, dry measure, ii, 103,
113, 512, 554
Alone, friar at a Mission, ii,
424, 524
Alonso, Fr. Bernardino de, iv,
712
Alric, Rev. Henry, iv, 690
Altaneria Espaiiola, ii, 671
Alta California, iv, 668-669, 703
Altar wine, iii, 571, see Wine
Alterations at Missions to be
avoided, ii, 630
Altimira, Fr. Jose, iii, 56, 84;-
founds Mission Solano, 175-
184;-refuses oath, 244;-fiight,
254-258 ;-ment., 232, 252, 259,
277, 295, 301, 323, 407, 510,
530, 597, 600, 656;-autograph,
181
Alto de Jumin, ii, 48
Alva, Spanish Minister, ii, 317
Alva, Dr. Manuel de, iii, 604-605
Alvarado, Francisco Maria, fined
for flogging Indian, iv, 140;-
sponsor at Confirmation, 228
Alvarado, Joaquin, iii, 306
Alvarado, Juan Bautista, glimpse
of character, ii, S6;-iii, 107,
159;-hoaxed Hittell, 232;-sec-
retary to assembly, 252, 365;-
harangues San Miguel Indians,
351;- veracity, 254, 258, 552;-
ment, 281, 301, 323, 350, 356,
359, 365, Zn, 510, 530, 535,
597, 600, 656;-iv, ment., 5,
15, 38, 50-58;-veracity, 40;-
takes oath as governor,
59;-not recognized south,
60;-at Santa Barbara, 60-65;-
plans revolt under new flag,
64-65 ;-at Los Angeles, 66;-
recognized by Mexican Gov-
ernment, 75-76, 123-124;-
pledged against the Missions,
99;-ment., IZ-I^, 79, 91, 92, 96,
99, 104, 112, 118, 120, 124;-
versus M. Vallejo, 125-128,
268-269;-inarried, 125;-versus
Graham, 128-129 ;-rule of plun-
der, 131-135;-reglamento on
Missions, 142-145, 163-169,
175;-disgusts Hartnell, 184;-
ignores Supreme Government
decrees, 268;-made colonel,
269;-to Bishop Diego, 226,
232-233, 236;-addicted to liq-
uor, 268;-his troopers plunder
Mission Santa Clara, 360-361;-
treachery to governor, 423-
424;-delegate to congress,
472;-ment., 156, 177, 203, 271,
273, 285, 307, 309, 318, 320,
325-327, 331, 332, 335, 364, 367,
420, 437, 481, 485, 491, 492,
502, 504, 576, 594, 684;-pur-
chases San Jose Mission land,
507;-on Vallejo, 546;-absurd
charges, 783-784 ;-apt pupil of
Voltaire, 784, 789-791, 794;-
shameless letter to Fr. Du-
ran, 784-787 ;-his spy system,
784;-his "Historia," 783;-
ment., 747-749, 753, 770, 111-
779, 781, 782, 817;-autograph,
62
Alvarez, Fr. Francisco, iv, 722
Alvarez, Jose, ii, 474
Alvarez, Juan, Mexican Presi-
dent, iv, 699
Alvirez, soldier, iii, 295
Alviso, Ignacio, iv, 134, 177
Alviso, Nicolas, iii, 251
Amador, Jose Maria, iv, 177
Amador, Pedro, ii, 492, 494, 506-
507;-iii, 146
Amador Valley, ii, 99
Am4t, Rt. Rev. Thaddeus, C.
M., iv, first Bishop of Mon-
terey, 711;-installed, 717;-at
Index
Santa Barbara, 717;-at Los
Angeles, 717-718;-pastoral let-
ter, 717-718 ;-sccurcs Sisters
of Charity, 718;-exchanges
Mission for parish in Santa
Barbara, 720;-ment., 712, 816
Amazed Superiors, iii, 64-66,
178-180
Amazing confession of a writer,
iv, 806, 808
Amazing statement of Sola, iii,
135
Ambas Majestades, ii, 604
Ambitious paisano chiefs, iv,
475-476
Ambition of Pio Pico gratified,
iv, 508-509
Ambris, Rev. Doroteo, iv, or-
dained priest, 412;-ment., 227,
228, 258, 263, 282, 516, 617,
618, 685;-autograph, 618
Ambrosio, Indian rebel, iii, 13;-
iv, 311-312
American flag raised at Monte-
rey, iv, 55 1-5 52; -at San Fran-
cisco, 555;-at Santa Barbara,
558;-at Los Angeles, 561;-at
San Diego, 561
American husbands preferred,
iv, 414
American River, iv, 545, 611
Americans, why Fr. Duran
dreaded their coming, iv, 114;-
came fifteen years too late to
save the Missions, 596;-re-
spect for Church property,
581-582, 589;-sympathy for the
Indians, 644;-in Texas, 71
Amesti (Pinto) Lake, ii, 47
Amestoy, Fr. Marcos, iii, 47
Amnesty granted, iii, 467;-iv,
75, 578
Amoros, Fr. Juan, ii, 647;-iii,
19;-bitter complaint, 81-82;-
protests suppression of Mis-
sion, 176;-refuses oath, 244;-
with children, 612;-death of,
451;-ment., 155, 180, 182, 272,
465, 560
Amuscopiabit, San Gabriel de,
iii, 39
Amount Bishop Diego received
from Pious Fund, iv, 245, 247
Ampiidia, Pedro, iv, 481
Amurrio, Fr. Gregorio, arrives
at San Diego, ii, 127, 128;-
chaplain of ship, 131;-assigned
to San Juan Gapistrano, 168-
169, 186, 210, 214-215
Amusements at Missions, ii»
235-236, 254-256, 263, 559, 564-
567
Amusing episode, iii, 572
Anarchy in California, iii, 366,
402, 438;.iv, 113
Ancestors of Pio Pico, iv, 634
Anchor, the lost, ii, 65
Anderson, Rev. Fr. Peter Au-
gustine, O. P., iv, 628, 667, 696
Anderson, Dr. Stephen, iii, 283,
290, 302
Andres, Fr. Juan, ii, 12, 61
Andres, insufferable Indian, ii,
508;-iii, 13
Andres, Indian alcalde, iii, 197,
199, 206 '
Anecdote by Fr. Sarria, iii, 43
Angayaba, San Joaquin y Santa
Ana de, iii, 39
Angel de Guarda, or Custodio,
Punta del, ii, 49
Angel Island, ii, 164, 166, 625;-
iii, 27;-iv, 208
Angeles, Fr. Francisco de los,
iv, 303
Angelus Bell, ii, 354;-iii, 200
Anian, Strait of, ii, 439
Animosity of Vallejo for Fr.
Duran, iv, 77Z-777
Animosity of Rivera to friars,
ii, 183
Animus of Mexican Govern-
ment, iii, 238
Animus of Gov. Neve, ii, 286
Afiino, Rev. Francisco de Paula,
ii, 440
Annual reports, first, ii, 446
Annual Retreats, ii, 630
Anomalous relations, ii, 430-431
Alio Nuevo, Point, ii, 41, 48
Ansarcs, Llano de, ii, 49
Answers to fifteen governmen-
tal questions, ii, 551, 553-582
Antedated land titles, iv, 504-
505, 725
Antelopes, ii, 31, 203
Antero, Indian, iv, 452
Anti-American declaration and
signers, iv, 481
Anti-Christian France, Mexico,
Portugal, iv, 662
Antipathy of paisanos for Mex-
icans, iv, 411, 416-418, 422,
428, 485
Index
Antonio, Gov. Arrillaga's Indian
servant, iii, 8
Anxiety of missionaries, chief,
iii, 167
Anza, Col. Juan Bautista, heads
expedition, ii, 125, 131, 134-
139;-sponsor at Baptism, 136,
178;-arrives at Monterey, 137;-
meets Rivera, 171-172 ;-again
at Monterey, 179;-at San
Francisco Bay, 180-182 ;-of-
fended by Rivera, 184-185,
189;-ment., 164, 188, 191, 195,
196, 199, 201, 281, 350, 352,
620, 666, 667
Anzar, Fr. Jose Ant., iii, ar-
rives at San Gabriel, 407-409;-
at San Luis Rey, 411, 420, 421 ;-
at San Juan Bautista, 452, 453,
556;-iv, presidente, 297, 392;-
circular, 358;-before Land
Commission, 733;-retires to
Mexico, 719;-ment., 237, 260,
302, 380, 394, 412, 422, 424, 427,
442, 515, 674, 685, 697, 723, 747,
749, 753-755, 793;-autograph,
748
Apaches, ii, 425;-iii, 333;-fron-
tier, iv, 309
Apalategui, Antonio, iv, 70
Apartments for girls at Mis-
sions, ii, 557-559, see Monje-
rio;-for boys and youths, 559
Apologies due from Mission
enemies, iv, 805
Apologize, soldiers ordered to,
ii, 531
Apostle of Peru, ii, 396;-of
Guatemala and Texas, 401, 425
Apostles of Christ, ii, 242-244;-
iii, 116
Apostles of Mexico, iv, 303
Apostolic Briefs, ii, 312
Apostolic Colleges, ii, 222, 605
Appalling description, iii, 584-
586;-iv, 98-116
Appeal of Bishop Diego to
Mexican Government, iv, 253-
255, 402-405 ;-of Fr. Duran for
protection, iii, 336;-of Fr.
Guardian Lopez, 72-76, 209-
211
Appeal to people by Pico to
resist United States, iv, 556-
557
Appearance of the San Antonio
that saved California, ii, 64
Appearances, Pico wants to
save, iv, 367-368
Appellations of curate, pastor,
parish, etc., objected to by
friars, iii, 545-546, 580
Apples, apricots, etc., cultivated
at Missions, iv, 534
Applause of Indians that of
schoolboys let loose, iii, 431
Application for land granted,
first, iii, 640-641
Apprentices, Indian, ii, 266, 535-
536;-iii, 436
Aranda, Conde de, ii, 657
Arancel, or pricelist, ii, 574-576
Arancel, or fee system, iv, 399,
401
Aragon, Spain, iii, 626
Aranjuez, ii, 607
Aranzazu, The, ii, 437, 441-442,
486
Arath, Bishop of, iv, 612
Aran jo, Francisco, iv, 34
Arce, Antonio de, ii, 121;-Fran-
cisco de, iv, 276, 481
Archbishop of Mexico, iii, 161,
321, 362;-iv, 518, 793
Archdiocesan synod decrees, iv,
713-714
Archipelago discovered, ii, 321
Architecture of the Missions, iv,
534-536
Archives, California, ii, pp. xxiv-
xxvii;-iv, 182
Ardison, Stephen, iv, 234
Areche, Jos6 Antonio de, ii,
115, 121, 124, 279
Arellano, Fr. Ignacio Ramirez
de, O. P., iv, 238, 259, 603, 604
Arenas, Cayetano, iv, 759-766
Arenas, Luis, iv, 508, 761-766
Arenaza, Fr. Pascuil Martinez
de, ii, 542, 550
Arevalo, Fr. Manuel, ii, 375
Argiiello, Gervasio, iii, 251
Argiiello, Jose Dario, ii, coman-
dante of Santa Barbara pre-
sidio, 451; at Monterey, 483-
484; at San Francisco, 504-
505;-iii, temporary governor,
10, 18;-governor, 646;-ment.,
148;-iv, 688, 816;-autograph,
iii, 18
Argiiello, Jose Ignacio, first na-
tive priest, iii, 34S
Arguello, Luis Antonio, leads
land expedition, iii, 27, 145-
Index
148, 155;-substitute delegate
to congress, 150;-temporary
governor, 158;-demands sup-
plies, 166-167 ;-forbids prohib-
ited books, 170;-aids Fr. Alti-
mira, 175-176, 180;-convenes
assembly, 185;-Indian revolt,
203-205 ;-calls assembly, 214-
218;-delivers office to Eche-
andia, 224;-ment., 135, 152,
187, 194, 207, 232-234;-iv, 816
Argiiello, Maria Concepcion, iv,
688
Argiiello, Ramon, iv, 183
Argiiello, Santiago, ment., iii,
185, 252, 327, 332, 349, 365-
366, 483-485, 556;-iv, 124, 148,
183, 226, 246, 270, 271, 309,
472, 485, 499, 501, 549;-com-
plains of San Gabriel Mission,
637;-treachery to Fr. Duran,
784, 788;-family at S. Gabriel,
161 ;-differs with Figueroa,
501;-secures San Diego Mis-
sion, 507;-sides with United
States, 562-565
Argiiello, Santiago E., iv, 472
Arguments unanswerable, ii, 181
Arista, Mariano, iv, 670
Arizpe, Ramon, iii, 267-268 ;-iv,
419-420
Arizne, Sonora, ii, 293, 314, 354,
356, 365, 431
Arizona, ii, 191, 264;-iv, ceded
to United States, 629;-ment.,
89
Arizona Missions, ii, 246
Armijo, General, iv, 788
Arming Indians disastrous, iii,
416
Armistice between Mexico and
United States, iv, 629, 632, 635
Arm of the Sea (San Francisco
Bay), ii, 51-53, 96, 97, 141, 142,
164, 181
Armona, Matias de, governor
of Lower California, ii, 79,
657
Army of Pico and Castro, iv,
485, 557-558
Army of United States in Mex-
ican Capital, iv, 629
Army of West, U. S., iv, 551
Arnaz, Jose, purchases Mission
San Buenaventura, iv, 459, 463,
507, 509-510
Arnold, Benedict, iii, 358
Aroitac, Arizona, ii, 175
Arrangement, unjust, iii, 390
Arrastradero, Cafiada del, iii, 143
Arreguin, Fr. Ildefonso Maria,
ii, 646;-iii, 257, 265-266, 307,
407, 464-466 ;-iv, 78-79 ;-auto-
graph, iii, 266
Arrested, Fr. Sarria, iii, 221-
222;-Fr. Martinez, 286-288;-Fr.
Mercado, iv, 423-425
Arriaga, Julian de, ii, 4, 656
Arricivita, Fr. Juan Domingo,
ii, 298, 351;-autograph, 311
Arrillaga, Jose Joaquin, lieuten-
ant-governor of Lower Cali-
fornia, ii, 442-443, 455;-as tem-
porary governor at Monterey,
456-457 ;-proclamation on for-
est fires, 464;-to Fr. Lasuen
on war fund, 465;-defends mis-
sionaries, 581-582 ;-golden age
of Missions under, 599;-ment.,
465, 469-471, 483, 562, 583, 597-
598, 613-617, 621-623, 632, 646-
647;-iii, death, 8-10;-ment.,
646;-iv, 816;-autograph, vol. i,
527
Arrillaga, Josefa Maria, iii, 8, 9
Arrival of Fr. Serra in Cali-
fornia, ii, 16;-of new friars,
423;-of Bishop Diego, iv, 223-
227;-of first Sisters, Domin-
ican, Notre Dame, etc., see
Sisters
Arroba, or 25 lbs., ii, 38, 528,
643;-iii., 227, 555
Arrogance of Jose Castro, iv,
423;-of the military, iii, 39-
40, 323-327 ;-of Neve, ii, 284,
294-318, 327-328;-of Vallejo,
see Fr. Duran and Vallejo ;-
of Chico, see Chico
Arroita, Fr. Jose de, ii, 435, 471
Arroyo, Fr., see Cuesta
Arroyo de Alameda, ii, 492;-de
Alisos, 177, 195;-de Bosque,
96;-de los Dolores, 204;-de
Encarnacion, 99;-de Hambre,
98;-de los Huzaymas, 681;-
de las Llagas, 402;-de las Lla-
gas de N. S. P. Francisco,
40;-de Lobato, iii, 156;-de
Nueces, ii, 98;-Verde, iii, 155;-
de San Antonio, iii, 155-156;-
de San Benito, ii, 94, 95, 99;-
de San Cayetano, 682;-de San
Clemente, 492;-de San Fran-
Index
CISCO, 142, 180, 181;-de San
I von, 49;-de San Joseph, 177;-
de San Lucas, 48, 53;-de San
Simon y San Judas, 49, 53;-
de Santo Domingo, 682;-de
Santiago, 29;-de Santa Cata-
rina, 176;-de Santa Catarina
(Walker River), 198;-de Santa
Cruz, 48, 144;-(ie Santa Isabel,
491;-de Santa Maria, iii, 155;-
Seco, ii, 177
Arteaga, Ignacio, ii, 161, 220,
304, 321-324
Artemise, The, French ship, iii,
652
Article Six in law of Septem-
ber 19, 1836, iv, 187
Articles, five, of Pico, iv, 340-
341, 344;-Fr. Duran's Six Ar-
ticles, 431-432
Artisans and mechanics at Mis-
sions, ii, 112, 118, 127, 450, 535
Artists wilfully ignorant, iv,
814-815
Arts and trades at Missions, ii,
261-262;-iv, 88, 533
Aruz, Jose, iii, 150, 157
Arzaga, Manuel, ii, 34
Astrolabe, The, ii, 435
Asamblea Departamental, see
Assembly
Ascension Island, iii, 652
Asceticism^ iii, 568
Ashuagel, on Santa Cruz Island,
ii, 619
Asistencias, or sub-Missions, iii,
48;-iv, 457
Asnar, Fr. Antonio, ii, 375
Assembly, or territorial legisla-
ture, first, iii, 157;-levies taxes,
169;-elections for, see Elec-
tions ;-meddles with Mission
affairs, 176, 182-185, 241, 659;-
at Los Angeles, 365;-ment.,
214-218, 251-252, 502, 597;-of
1836, iv, 5;-disobedient, 15-16;-
with governor, 31;-divided, 31,
51;-subservient, 36;-casts vote
for Santa Anna, 284;-decrees
renting and selling Missions,
286-287 --wickedness of, 289-
290;-assembly of 1845, p.373;-
plans for disposing of Mis-
sions, 353-354;-decrees rent-
ing Missions, 373-375 ;-com-
posed of southern men, 340;-
decrees on Pious Fund, 434;-
adjourns for want of salary,
471;-election for in 1845, p.
472;-members of last assem-
bly, 484-485, 495;-last session,
559, 565;-declares Pico's sales
of Missions null, 499-501, 769-
770;-powers of the assembly,
769;-ment., 66, 123, 124, 127,
284-285
Assertion of Pio Pico insin-
cere, iv, 495
Assertion of Bancroft unhistor-
ical, iv, 141
Assessed, Mission, for Gov.
Sola's traveling expenses, iii,
158
Assessments for Hartnell's sal-
ary, iv, 146
Assets, Mission, iii, 117-119
Assignment, first, of mission-
aries, ii, 85;-iii, 452
Assistant military inspector, iii,
253
Association of Indians with
whites, iii, 385
Assumption Bay, ii, 158
Assumption, intolerable, iv, 45-
46, 420-422
Astounding news, iv, 541-542
Astronomical observations, ii,
24. 28-31, 34, 38, 44, 48-50
Asumpcion, camp, ii, 178
Asumpta, site of San Buenaven-
tura Mission, ii, 59
Asylum, Church, ii, 185-188
Atheism, French, iv, 699
Atole, ii, 554-555, 560
Atongai, rancheria, ii, 680
Atongaibit, Las Animas Bendi-
tas de, iii, 38
Atrevida, The, (Sta. Rufina), ii,
438-440
Attacks from Bouchard, iii, 58
Attacks on religious Orders,
iii, 110, 515-517
Attempt to besmirch Fr. Peiri's
name, iii, 414
Attendance at Holy Mass im-
possible for want of clothing,
iii, 75
Attorney for the Bishop in
Mexico, iv, 402-405
Attractions for the Indians, ii,
282-283, 373
Audacious legislators, iv, 373-
375, 566
Audacity of Castanares, iv, 294;-
8
Index
of Pio Pico, 344, 351, 364,
zy^-y^y, 445, 450, 455
Audiencia, royal, puzzled, ii,
416-419;-inent., 298, 311, 647
Audiencia of Guadalajara, ii, 405
Augustinians, ii, 326;-iii, 96
Authority to administer Con-
firmation, Fr. Rubio's, iv, 186,
663;-see Fr. Serra, Fr. La-
suen, Fr. Dur4n, Fr. Rafael
Moreno
Authority, all from God, iv,
385
Authority of Fr. Guardian of
San Fernando College, ii. 533-
534
Authority to sell Missions lack-
ing, iv, 371, 375, 376, 455, 743,
756-757, 768, 771
Authority, respect of Francis-
cans for civil, iv, 385-386
Authors of Mission spoliation,
iv, 16, 496
Auto-de-Fe, iii, 624
Auto de Visita of Bishop Die-
go, iv, 259, 266, 267
Autographs in fac-simile of-
Fr. Abella, iii, 186;-Fr. Alti-
mira, 181 ;-Alvarado, iv, 62;-
Rev. D. Ambris, 618;-Fr. An-
zar, 748;-Jose D. Argtiello,
iii, 18;-Fr. Arreguin, 266;-Fr.
Arricivita, ii, 311;-Jose de Ar-
rillaga, vol. i, 527;-Fr. Ar-
royo de la Cuesta, iii, 226;-
Azanza, viceroy, ii, 509;- V.
Rev. A. Bachelot, iii, 651;-Fr.
Barona, 273;-Fr. Bestard, 45;-
Gov. Borica, vol. i, 537;-Fr.
Boscana, iii, 260;-Branciforte,
viceroy, ii, 521;-Very Rev.
J. Brouillet, iv, 616;-Bucareli,
viceroy, vol. i, 415;-Busta-
mante. President, iv, 223;-Fr.
Caballero, O. P., vol. i, 592;-
Fr. Juan Cabot, iii, 24;-Fr.
Pedro Cabot, 296;-Fr. Cal-
zada, 248;-Jos6 Castro, iv,
487;-Fr. Catala, iii, 125;-Chi-
co, iv, 29;-Fr. Cort6s, ii, 629;-
Fr. Covarrubias, iv, 721 ;-De
Croix, Teodor, vol. i, 524;-
Fr. Danti, ii, 488;-Bishop
Diego, iv, 262;-Fr. Duran,
comisario-prefecto, iii, 335;-
Echeandia, 348;-Fr. Escude,
149;-Fr. Estenaga, iii, 215;-
Fages, vol. i, 53();-Rev. A.
Fernandez, iii, l53;-Figueroa,
499,'-Fr. Fortuni, 538;-Galvez,
Jos^ de, vol. i, 328;-Fr. Ga-
rijo, iii, 162;-Fr. Gasol, ii,
485;-Fr. Gil y Taboada, iii,
30;-Bishop Granidos, ii, 460;-
Fr. Gutierrez, iii, 457;-Fr.
Guzman, 306;-Fr. Hidalgo, iv,
78;-Fr. Ibafiez, iii, 8;- Fr.
Ibarra, 231;-Iturbide, Mex.
Minister, iv, 210;-Iturrigaray,
viceroy, ii, 609;-Fr. Antonio
Jaime, iii, 200;-Fr. Antonio
Jimeno, 292;-Fr. Jose J. Jim-
eno, iv, 20;-Kearny, general,
580;-Rev. A. Langlois, 692;-
Fr. Lasuen, presidente, vol. i,
316;-Rev. S. Lebret, iv, 613;-
Fr. Baldomero L6pez, iii, 74;-
Fr. Lull, ii, 534;'-Malaspina,
439;-Marquina, 598;-Fr. F.
Martin, iii, 419;-Fr. Martin,
i, 571;-Fr. Martinez, iii, 60;-
Mayorga, ii, 290;-Fr. Merca-
do, iii, 462;-Micheltorena, iv,
276;-Fr. J. Moreno, 356;-Mun-
ras, 52;-Fr. Munoz, ii, 623;-
Fr. Muro, iv, 410;-Nava, gen-
eral, ii, 457;-Neve, vol. i,
514;-Fr. Nogueira, ii, 494;-Fr.
Noriega, 452;-Fr. Nuez, iii,
39;-Fr. Oliva, 480;-Ordaz,
575;-Fr. Palou, vol. i, 375;-
Fr. Francisco Pangua, ii, 382;-
Fr. Tomas de Pangua, 602;-
Fr. Payeras, iii, 114;-Posada,
Archbishop, iv, 211;-Fr. Pe-
rez, 669;-Pio Pico, 510;-Por-
tola, ii, 77 ;-Fr. Pujol, iii, 11;-
Fr. Quijas, 586;-Fr. Qtiintana,
15;-Ramirez, Pedro, iv, 204;-
Fr. Antonio Real, 393;-Fr.
Jose Real, 361;-Reng61, gen-
eral, ii, 406;-Revilla Gigedo,
viceroy, 464;-Fr. Ripoll, iii,
206;-Rivera y Moncada, vol.
i, 478;- Fr. Rodriguez, iii,
203;-Romeu, vol. i, 520;-Bish-
op Rouset, vol. i, 567;-Fr.
Rubio, iv, 122;-Fr. Jose San-
chez, iii, 144;-Juan Sancho,
ii, 402;-Fr. J. B. Sancho, iii,
326;-Santa Anna. President,
iv, 243;-Fr. Sarria, comisario-
Index
prefecto, iii, S;-Fr. Senan,
105;-Fr. Serra, vol. i, 305;-
Rev. P. Short, lii, 6Sl;-Sol4,
50;-Fr. Soria, iv, 221;-Steven-
son, colonel, 633 ;-Stockton,
562;-Fr. Suner, iii, 132;-Fr.
Tapis, presidente, ii, 647;-
Ugarte, general, 419;-Fr. F.
X. Uria, iii, 195;-Fr. Varc-
la, i, 576;-Venegas, iii, 62;-
Fr. Verger, vol. i, 420;-Fr.
Viader, iii, 317;-Fr. Zalvidea,
ii, 621 ;-Fr. Zarate, O. P., vol.
i, 546
Avenging Angel, iv, 509
Aversion for California, ii, 531,
533-534
Aversion for Mexicans in Cali-
fornia, iv, 104, see Mexicans
Avila, Jose Maria, iii, 364
Avila, Miguel, iii, 232
Avila, Rev. Jose de los Santos,
iii, 343;-iv, 258, 263, 288, 412
Awful indictment, iii, 581-589
Ayala, Juan Bautista de, ii, 161,
165, 325
Ayala, Juan Pablo, iv, 184
Ayamucho, The, iv, 84
Aycuyche, rancheria, ii, 623
Ayuntamiento, or town council,
of Monterey, iii, 350-351, 601;
-iv, 392
Azanza, Miguel Jose de, vice-
roy, ii, 509;-autograph, 509
Azevedo, Ignicio, iii, 585
B
Babylon, Asia, iv, 289
Babylon, or madhouse, (San
Francisco), iv, 677;-Mission
San Gabriel, iii, 571
Bac, Mission San Francisco
Javier del, Arizona, ii, 191, 200
Baca, Juan, iv, 315
Bachelot, Very Rev. J. Alexis,
CSS.CC, iii, 478, 650-652-iv,
35, 720;-autograph, iii, 651
Back to Mission system, iv, 656
Backsliding, pretext for, ii, 409,
502, 507-508
Backward, Mexico, why? iv,
281-282
Bad faith of a modern writer,
iv, 805
Bagaria, Rev. Pedro, iv, 716
Bahia de San Francisco, ii, 52
Bait to attract Indians, ii, 37S
Bajio, camp, ii, 176
Bakersfield, Cal., ii, 198, 199
Ballinger, Hon. Richard A., ii,
271
Balmes, Rev. James, iii, 625
Balsa, Indian raft, ii, 234, 503
Baltasar, alcalde, ii, 341
Baltimore, Archbishop Eccles-
ton of, iv, 665;-First Plenary
Council of, 693, 697
Bancroft, Hon. George, iv, 564
Bancroft, Hubert Howe, ad-
missions, ii,. 357;-astonished,
327;-chagrin, 120;- lame de-
fense of Neve, 314-315; 357-
358, 362-363 ;-mis statement,
631;-on Neve's system, 433;-
puzzled, 54;-on Arrillaga's de-
fense of friars, 581-582 ;-on
Bucareli, 296;-on Indians, 225,
231;-on Las Llagas de San
Francisco, 205;-on Langsdorf,
635;-on Fr. Lasuen, 597;-on Fr.
Lasuen's Respuesta, 552, 581;-
on mission system, 351-352;-
on Fr. Palou's works, 404;-
on La Perouse, 675;-on Fr.
Serra, 68-69, 120, 297, 315-316,
597;-on Fr. Zalvidea, 277;-iii,
on Arrillaga, 9;-on Bandini,
512-514;-on demand for as-
sembly, 356;-on Fr. Duran's
Commentaries, 378;-on Ech-
eandia's act, 349-353 ;-on Fi-
gfueroa's decree, 522-523 ;-on
friars under administrators,
542;-hostility to friars, 20,
126;-lauds friars, 67-68, 70;-
insincerity, 100, 631;-on Kot-
zebue, 83;-on Fr. Martinez's
arrest, 284-285 ;-on Padres-
Hijar scheme, 509-510;-on Fr.
Pay eras, 172;-on Fr. Sarria,
568-571 ;-on Fr. Seiian, 173;-
on Salvador Vallejo, 582;-on
veracity of paisano chiefs,
254, 614;-on Gov. Victoria,
359-360 ;-iv, on administrators,
139;-on Alvarado, 68;-on Jose
Castro & Pio Pico, 335-336,
482-4«3, 491-494;-on Chico,
40;-his collection of paisano
jrarns, 426;-on confiscation act
of Pico, 377-378 ;-on paisano
excuse for revolt, 330-332 ;-on
lO
Index
failure of secularization, 130-
133;-false statement, 116;-his
History of Mexico, 699;-in-
consistency, 376-378;-on Mich-
eltorena, 331-332;- on Pico's
Missions sales, 502-505 ;-on
Pious Fund plunder, 245;-on
restoration decree, 276-277;-
on veracity of Vallejo and
others, 426. 775, 779, 780;-
wild assertions, 141, 503
Band musicians at Santa Bar-
bara, iv, 453
Bandini, Jose, iii, 71
Bandini, Juan, characterized,
iii, 511-514;-delegate to Con-
gress, 327, 501, 502, 505, 506;-
in charge of Mission San Gra-
briel, 535;-pupil of Padres,
502, 505;-in slaughter of cat-
tle, 656-658 ;-smuggles, 134,
513;-suspended from office,
513;-veracity, 254;-vice- presi-
dent of colonization swindle,
511-514;-ment., 251, 252, 362,
364, 476, 478, 481, 510, 515;-
iv, administrator of San Ga-
briel, 149, 160-163, 183;-op-
poses Alvarado, 60;-contra-
dicts former mouthings, 497;-
persuades Fr. Duran, 368,
372;-plan for sale of Mis-
sions, 497-501 ;-denounces Jose
Castro, 491-501 ;-rebuked, 273;-
secretary to Pico, 335;-sides
with Americans, 562, 565;-
veracity, 40;-ment., 16, 31, 67,
75, 122, 127, 184-185, 307, 308,
367, 389, 472, 485, 486, 488,
495, 505, 549, 782
Bando y Reglamento of Ech-
eandia, iii, 417-418
Bando on bad literature. Gov-
ernor Luis Argiiello's, iii, 170
Bando de la Reforma in Mex-
ico, iii, 99-100
Baptism, first in California, ii,
28-29;-frustrated, 21-22;-in
Anza*s camp, 176;-condition-
ally repeated, 641-642 ;-when
administered, 252, 263, 500,
553, 587, 621;-number in 1790,
p. 448;-when administered by
Protestants, 642;-by Russians,
641-642;-at San Miguel, 495;-
at San Luis Rey, 497;-iii,
number in 1832, p. 653;-iv,
86;-in 1846, p. 529
baptized not free to backslide,
ii, 264, 505-506, 586-590
Banner of Fr. Garces, ii, 192
Banning, Cal., ii, 666-667
Banns of marriage, ii, 628
Barbareiios, iv, 234, 235, 790
Barcelona, Spain, iii, 450;-iv,
522, 711;-riots at, 109
Barcenilla, Fr. Isidoro, ii, 495
Barefooted or discalced friars,
iii, 96
Barnabo, Cardinal Al., iv, 701
Barona, Fr. Jose, iii, 38;-on
oath of allegiance, 244;-death
of, 290, 560;-ment., 269, 273;-
autograph, 273
Baronda, Jose Canuto, iv, 247
Baronda, Manuel, ii, 474
Barranca de la Olla, ii, 48
Barragan, President Miguel of
Mexico, iii, 596;-iv, 90
Barren victory, iii, 406
Barreneche, Fr. Juan, ii, 352;-
killed, 353
Barri, Gov. Felipe, ii, 82, 106-
107, 110, 117, 131, 218, 403
Barrows, Henry D., iv. 111
Barrueta, Crisostomo, ii, 121
Barrus, Ruel, iv, 591
Bartlett, John Russell, iv, 648-
649
Bartlett, Washington Allen, iv,
563;-names San Francisco,
267, 563
Bases Organicas, iv, 3, 4, 282
Basketry, Indian, ii, 234
Baton, mark of distinction, ii,
339
Battles at Santa Barbara, iii,
199-200, 283-284;-Purisima,
203;-Santa Ines, 195;-iv, at
Cahuenga, 329;-San Buena-
ventura, 75;-La Mesa, 578;-
San Pascual, 572-573 ;-San Ga-
briel River, 578
Bay, Carmelo, ii, 41;-Bodega,
see Bodega;-Drake's, 7;-
False, 27;-Farallones, 165;-of
Islands, 159;-Monterey, see
Monterey ;-San Bernabe, 9-
ll;-San Francisco, 207, see
San Francisco ;-San Lorenzo',
627;-San Luis, (L. C), 109,
366, 598;-San Pablo, 53, 97,
164, 206, 625;- Suisun, 206
Bayoreca, Sonora, ii, 643
Index
II
Beatification of Fr. Antonio
Margil urged, -iii, 465;-iv, 78
Beale, Edward F., iv, 575
Bearded Indians, ii, 141, 150,
228
Bear Flag Revolt, iv, 542-545,
547-548
Bear Valfey, ii, 59, 100-103
Bears, mountain lions, etc., iii,
81
Beaumont, Cal., ii, 666
Beechey, Fred. W., ii, 251;-iii,
on importance of the Mis-
sions, 262;-on Mission San
Jose, 264;-ment., 240, 259
Beechinor, Sister Mary Paul,
iv, 714
Beginning of Mission ruin, iii,
533
Beginnings of a Mission, ii, 512
Beginnings of Sonora diocese,
iv, 196
Begrudging Missions their mea-
gre funds, ii, 584-585
Belarde, Fr. Joaquin, ii, 174
Belaunzaran, Rt. Rev. Jose
Maria, iv, 202
Belaunzaran, Miguel, iv, 204,
669
Belen, Our Lady of, ii, 160
Belgium, iv, 689
Bell, Alexander, iv, 725
Bell, Angelus, ii, 354, 627;-iii,
200;-Poor Souls', ii, 559;-at 3
p. m., iii, 44
Bells, Camino Real, iv, 564
Bells of San Juan Capistrano
buried, ii, 169;-disinterred,
214
Bells for Missions, ii, 112-113,
118
Benavides, Fr. Mateo, ii, 375
Benedict XIII, Pope, ii, 396;-
Benedict XIV, pp. 297, 476;-
iii, 5
Benedictines in Mexico, iii, 93
Beneficiaries of Indian and
missionary labors, iv, 512-513
Befieme Indian rancheria, ii,
194
Benicia named, iv, 563;-Do-
minican monastery, iii, 408;-
novitiate, iv, 692;-ment., 267,
707, 709
Benites, Dr. Jose. ii. 608-609
Benito, Indian, iii, 204
Benson, Sister Mary Frances,
iv, 714
Beriel, Jose Maria, iii, 516
Berkeley, Cal., ii, 53, 97;-Uni-
versity of California at, 71
Bermudez, Francisco T., ii, 83
Bernabe, Indian, iii, 204
Bernarda, Dona, ii, 509
Bernardo de Espiritu Santo,
Bishop, ii, 644-645 ;-iii, 100,
101, 103-105, 251
Bestard, Most Rev. Fr. Buena-
ventura, iii, 45, 84, 174;-au-
tograph, 45
Bestia, La, 6 Falsa Filosofia,
iii, 220
Bethlehemites in Mexico, iii,
93, 98
Biennial Reports on Missions,
ii, 446
Bigotry, ii, 265;-iii, 568;-victims
of, 650-652;-at San Francisco,
iv, 715
Bilbao, Vizcaya, iv, 525
Biographical Sketches of Friars
by Fr. Sarria, iii, 46;-iv, 522,
526; -by Fr. Payeras, iv, 522
Birkhead, Charles M., iv, 799
Bishop-Elect of Guiana, iii, 95
Bishop first proposed for Cali-
fornia, iii, 263, 344, 494-495;-
iv, 68, 89, 90
Bishop, first of California, see
Diego, Garcia
Bishop of Sonora, ii, 539-542,
544, 609, 641 ;-cedes tithes to
king, iii, 133;-petitioned to
accept Cal. Missions, 55, 350;-
refuses, 104, 321;-asks public
prayers, 149;-ment., 11, 84,
120, 161, 170. 251, 408, 546,
573;-iv, 60, 79, 177, 186, 190,
259, 523, 171
Black calumny, ii, 369
Black sheep, ii, 533
Blaive, Rev. Dominic, iv. 690
Blanchett, Most Rev. Francis
Norbert, iv, 613-615
Blankets made at the Missions,
iii, 19-20
Blarney administered by In-
dians, iii, 592
Blind Fr. Suiier, iii, 91, 259
Blind obedience, iii, 101
Bloodless wars, iv, 60
Blunder, grave, ii, 519-520, 531
12
Index
Boat upturned at Monterey, ii,
324
Boats, Indian, ii, 234>235, 503
Boats, St. Francis will need, ii,
220
Boast of Vallejo, iii, 592;-
Stockton's premature, iv, 564,
570
Bobard, Rev. J., iv, 690
Bocanegra, Jose M., Mexican
Minister, iv, 270
Bodega y Cuadra, Juan Fran-
cisco de la, ii, 154-161, 304,
321-323, 441
Bodega Bay, ii, 160, 207, 634;-
iii, 21, 146, 155, 156;-iv, 555
Bodega's farthest north, ii, 159
Bodies of martyrs recovered,
ii, 354
Bogus statesmen, iv, 241
Bojorges, Juan, iv, 314
Bolcoff, Jose, iv, 153, 297, 752,
see Mission Santa Cruz
Bold assertion, ii, 280
Bolsa de San Cayetano, iii, 647
Bolton, Dr. Herbert E., ii, 43
Bombastic phrasemongers, iv,
488
Bonamie, Most Rev. J. D., iv,
621-625, 666
Bone of contention with early
paisanos, iii, 216, 361
Bongioani,' (Bongioanni, Bon-
giami), Rev. Sebastian, iv,
613, 686
Bonilla, Fr. Miguel, ii, 548
Bonilla, Mariano, iv, 127, 733
Book, lives of Franciscan Fa-
thers open, iv, 385
Booklearning and colonists, iii,
216, 361, see Schools
Booklearning and Indians, ii,
266, 267, 270, 273, 274, 472-
473;-iii, 325-326
Books ordered restored by
Archbishop Alemany, iv, 709-
710
Books or registers kept at
Missions, ii, 627
Books prohibited, iii, 169-170,
544;-iv, m, 781-782
Boorishness of M. Vallejo, iv,
773-774
Booty, Church property wel-
come, iv, 730
Borica, Diego, appointed gov-
ernor ii, 465;-in error, 465-
466;-angry, 501-502; fair to-
wards friars, 497-498, 531;-
ideas on education, 473-475;-
on Indian progress, 532;-to
Fr. Lasuen, 497, 501-502;-
Siety, 495 ;-c o m p a r e d with
feve, 497-498;-op posed to
land grants, iii, 646;-regula-
tions against small-pox, iv,
321 ;-resigns, ii, 538;-auto-
graph, vol, i, 537;-ment., ii,
468, 471-475, 490-509, 514, 519,
525, 529, 536-542, 550-553, 575,
591, 598, 600, 601 ;-iv, 816
Boscana, Fr. Geronimo, author
of "Chinigchinich," ii, 225-
241;-ment., 226, 227, 230-233,
236-237, 245;-iii, will swear
conditionally, 244, 269;-de-
mands passport, 277;-diflficul-
ties with R. Pacheco, 305;-
death, 290, 560;-autograph,
260
Bosporus, iv, 293
Boston, Mass., ii, 158, 441;-iii,
131
Botello, Narciso, leases Mis-
sion San Buenaventura, iv,
459;-ment., 127, 285, 328, 340,
373, 472, 485, 495, 565-568
Botts and Emmett, attorneys,
iv, 731, 733
Bouchard, Hipolite, invades
Cal., iii, 58-62;- sacks Monte-
rey, 59;-San Juan Capistrano,
59
Boundaries of dioceses of Mon-
terey and San Francisco, iv,
710-711
Boundaries, southern, of Cali-
fornia, iv, 630
Boussier, Rev. Theodosius, C.
SS.CC, iv, 625, 626, 685, 690
Boussolc, The. French ship, ii,
435
Boyle, Henry G., iv, 592
Boys', Indian, grief, ii, 398
Boys de-Christianized in Mex-
ico, iv, 714
Boys and parents at San Diego
object to mechanical arts, ii,
475
Boys, Indian, serve at altar, ii,
141, 27J, 398
Branch, Francis Ziba, iv, 643
Branchi, Fr. Alexander, O. F.
M., iv, 616, 617, 685, 686, 690
Index
13
Branciforte, Miguel de la Grua
Talamanca y, viceroy, ii, 465,
468; -authorizes Missions, 493-
494, Sll;-orders founding of
Pueblo Branciforte, 516-529;-
ment., 537, 539-541, 545;-auto-
graph, 521
Branciforte, pueblo, ii, 516, 519-
520;-iii, 51, 133, 150, 397;-iv,
128, 129, 298
Branciforte colonists, ii, 520;-iii,
133;-iv, 298
Brandy still, ii, 592;-uses for
brandy, 576-577 ;-iii, 571
Brandy shops, iii, 132-133 ;-taxes
on, 169
Brannan, Samuel, iv, 503
Bravery of Gov. Victoria, iii,
364
Bravo, Nicolas, iii, 159
Brea, La, iii, 646
Brest, France, ii, 435
Breviary, or Divine Office, ii,
637;-iii, 549
Brebeuf, Rev. John, S. J., iv, 11
Bright prospects crushed, ii,
211, 212
Brignole, Juan Bautista, iv,
616-617
Briones, Marcos, iii, 142
British claims, ii, 441
Brooklyn, East Oakland, Cal.,
ii, 96
Brother Sindico, ii, 372, see
Sindico
Brouillet, Very Rev. J. B. A.,
iv, 615, 616, 677, 734;.auto-
graph, iv, 616
Brown, Sister Mary Gabriel, iv,
714
Browne, J. Ross, iv, 659
Brutalities of whites against
Indians, iv, 318, see Indians
Brutalities of Henry VIII and
Queen Elisabeth, iii, 627-629
Brutality of Jos6 Vallejo
against Indians, iv, 153;-of
Salvador Vallejo, 313-314
Bryan, William Jennings, iv,
797, 799
Bubal, rancheria, ii, 620;~iii, 22,
23
Bucareli y Ursua, Frey Antonio
Maria, viceroy, to Pedro F4-
ges, ii, 105-107 ;-misinformed,
107; approves reglamentos,
121, 279;-sends out expedi-
tion, 173;-friend of California
Missions, 295-296;-instructs
Rivera, 132;-friars cheered by
him, 285, 288, 294, 331;-to Fr.
Garces, 174;-to Fr. Palou,
130;-piety of, 161-163, 295-
296;-reprimands Rivera and
Anza, 189;-to Fr. Serra, 161-
163, 171, 173, 213, 216-218;-
sends supplies, 130;-death of,
295-296;-ment., 134-137, 140,
144, 153, 154, 160, 166-168,
183, 189, 200, 201, 206, 208,
213, 281, 284, 298, 303, 311,
317, 319, 321, 350, 365, 409,
452, 522, 656, 657, 659;-iii,
642, 645;-iv, 386, 532;-auto-
graph, vol. i, 415
Bucareli Roadstead, ii, 157
Bucareli, Paso de, ii, 160, 321,
322, 324
Bucareli, town in Mexico, ii, 246
Buch6n, El, ii, 39;-iv, 123
Buelna, Antonio, member of
assembly, iii, 251, 252, 323,
597;-iv, 51, 54-55, 66, 91, 112,
123, 312
Buena Vista, ii, 178, 184, 185;-
iv, 581
Buena Vista Lake, ii, 197, 621,
679, 680;-iii, 204
Buena Vista Springs, iii, 143
Buenos Aires rebels, iii, 58
Builders of the Missions and
their destroyers, iv, 512, 791
Buildings at Missions, ii, 247
Bula de la Cruzada, or dispen-
sation from abstinence, iii,
160-162
Bulas de Santa Cruzada, certifi-
cates of dispensation, ii, 658;-
text of, iii, 322
Bull of Pope Adrian VI, on
missionary faculties, iv, 303;-
of Leo X, 303-304, 799-802 ;-of
Paul III, 304
Bull of Pope Gregory XVI,
erecting Diocese of Califor-
nias, iv, 195-200 ;-transmitted
through President Busta-
mante, 201
Bull of Demarcation of Pope
Alexander VI, ii, 670
Bull in china shop, Benito
Juarez, iv, 699
14
Index
Bulletin American Geographical
Society, iv, 805
Burial customs of Santa Bar-
bara Indians, ii, 37
Burial, first white at San Diego,
ii, 12-13;-at Monterey, 78;-of
Governor Romeu at San Car-
los Mission, 456;-at sea, 151,
166;-of Gov. Figueroa in
vaults of Mission Santa Bar-
bara,- iii, 598-603
Burnett, Hon. Peter H., first
governor of State of Califor-
nia, iv, 660, 661, 731, 817
Burning of at Mission buildings
San Luis Obispo, ii, 209
Burial Register of Mission San
Fernando, iv, 727
Burrito, or "Brother Ass," iii,
89
Burton, Henry S., iv, 603
Burton, John, iv, 597-599, 639
Burton, Louis, iv, 234
Business in early days, ii, 591-
592, see Commerce, Trading
Bustamante, Anastasio, Presi-
dent, to Fr. Duran, iii, 328,
337, 373-374;-not hostile to
friars, 344;-ment., 307, 329,
344, 347, 407, 443, 468, 470,
504-505 ;-iv, admits European
priests, 223;-ment., 73, 90,
190, 202;-autograph, 223
Bustamante, Carlos Maria de,
author, iv, 190
Bustamante y Guerra, Joseph
de, ii, 438-440, 567
Butron, Manuel, iii, 640-643, 645
Butron, Margarita Maria, iii,
640-642
Butterfield, Hon. J., iv, 728
Caamafio, Jacinto, ii, 441, 545
Caballero (Cavallero), Fr. Feliz,
O. P., iv, death of, 238, 259;-
autograph, vol. i, 592
Cabello, Rt. Rev. Jose Ven-
tura, iii, 95
Cabildo Metropolitano, Mexico,
iv, 187-189
Cabo Engano, ii, 159;-Frondoso,
159;-de San Lucas, 520;-San
Roque, 159, see Cape, etc.
Caborca, ii, 136-137
Cabot, Fr. Juan, iii, in Tulare
country, 22-25 ;-ref uses oath,
244;- testifies for Fr. Mar-
tinez, 295-296, 302;-on eman-
cipation, 374-375 ;-poor, 558,
567;-allowed traveling ex-
penses, 567;-retires, 567;-
ment., 26, 246, 272, 273, 285,
466;-autograph, 24
Cabot, Fr. Pedro, iii, refuses
oath, 244;-testifies for Fr.
Martinez, 296, 302;-discreto,
465;-ment., 20, 270-273 ;-iv, 35,
72, 82;-autograph, iii, 296
Cabrera, Agapito, iv, 227, 263
Cabrera Bueno, ii, 24, 41, 44,
50, 51, 54, 73, 660-662
Cadiz, Spain, ii, 54, 439;-iii, 94,
97
Cahors, France, iv, 628
Cahuila Valley, Cal., ii, 667
Cahuenga Pass, iv, 329, 335, 578
Cahuenga Rancho, iv, 568
Cajatsa, ii, 619
Cajon de San Gabriel de
Amuscopiabit, iii, 39
Ca.iuenches Indians, ii, 136
Caiabaza, Canada, iv, 261, 735
Calabazas, ii, 491
Calahuasa, ii, 600
Calaveras region, iv, 315
Calaveras River, ii, 681
Calderon, Jose Gonzalez, sin-
dico, ii, 372
Calderon, Fr. Jose Maria, iii,
465
California, object of conquest,
ii, 3;-interior explored by Fr.
Garces, 191-200 ;-government
maintained by the Missions,
269;-settlers opposed to ele-
mentary education, 273;-In-
dians, see Indians ;-taken from
jurisdiction of the viceroy,
301 ;-hard ships of missiona-
ries, 384, see Friars, Mission-
aries, Missions ;-military gar-
risons, 450-451 ;-restored to
jurisdiction of viceroy, 457;-
poorly fortified, 465; mission-
aries important factors for
securing, 537;-distrusted in
Mexico, iii, 151;-first terri-
torial assembly, see Assem-
blv;-in danger, 194:-to be
called Moctezuma, 252;-with-
out the friars, 273-274 ;-saved
for Mexico, 405;-Indians and
Index
15
Indians of Mexico, 470;-ar-
chivcs, 495, 55S;-languagcs,
609-611 ;-iv, department of
Mexico, 4;-a diocese, 90-91,
187;-subject to Archbishop of
Mexico, 199;-divided into dis-
tricts, 123, 390;-happy under
Mission system, 407-408;-
maidens and marriage, 413;-
Americans and other foreign-
ers, 405;-under Pio Pico, 485;-
ready to welcome foreign
power, 493-494 ;-new era for,
541 ;-Republic at Sonoma, 542-
555;-seized by United States,
550-560 ;-tranquil at last, 581;-
demands statehood, 657-659;-
coat of arms, 659-660 ;-ad-
mitted to Union as State,
661;-first governor, 660;-from
what it escaped, 794-799
California Gulf, ii, 134, 192
California inhabitants, majority
favor the Missions, iii, 370
California Indian, first con-
firmed, ii, 108
Calif ornians, or hijos del pais,
or paisanos, iii, 63, 370, 494-
495;-ordained priests, 343;-
guided by J. M. Padres, 339-
350;-playing politics, 106-107;-
iv, dissatisfied with Mexico,
52-53 ;-hostile to Mexicans, 52-
54, 106-1 16;-like vultures upon
Missions, 286;-abused by A.
Gillespie, 581;-respect no law
favoring Indians, 112. See
under names of the paisano
chiefs.
Call, last, to arms by Flores
against the Americans, iv,
556-568
Callao, Peru, iii, 303
Calleja, Felix M., viceroy, iii,
10, 15, 61, 72
Calma, Padre, iii, 303
Calmet, commentator, iii, 137
Calumnies and motives for, ii,
277;-iii, 83;-worst traceable
to M. Vallejo, S94;-new ones,
iv, 805-815
Calve, Rev. Jose Joaquin, 11,
641-642
Calvinist preachers, iii, 651-652
Calzada. Fr. Jose Antonio, ii,
423, 601
Calzada, Fr. Juan, guardian, iii,
248-249;-autograph, 248
Camacho, Jose, ii, 320, 321
Camara de las Indias, ii, 311
Cambon, Fr. Pedro Benito, as-
signed to San Gabriel, ii, 85;-
founds the Mission, 90-91;-
retires ill to Lower Califor-
nia, 93, 104, 127;-returns to
San Carlos, 171, 178;-at found-
ing of San Francisco, 202-
204;-retires ill, 324;-chaplain,
325;-returns, 326;-at founding
of San Buenaventura, 367-
368;-ment., 185, 188, 206, 215,
221, 289, 407, 410, 454
Camino Real, ii, 196, 493, 496
Camino Real Bells, iv, 564
Camp (Portola's) on the Car-
melo, ii, 58
Camp Santa Delfina, ii, 44, 54
Campa y Cos, Fr. Miguel de
la, ii, 127;-chaplain, 154-160,
165;-retires to College, 166
Campbell, Rev. F. J., S. J., iv,
11
Campbell, Thomas, iv, 732
Campos, Rt. Rev. Abbot, iv, 202
Canada, Brit. Territory, iv, 11
Canada, de Alisos, ii, 490;-An-
gosta, 39;-de los Bautismos,
29;-de los Encinos, 27;-de la
Natividad de Nuestra Sefiora,
39;-de los Csos, 100;-del Pa-
raiso, 1 77 ;-Seca, 38;-del Tri-
unfo, 27;-de San Andres,
142;-de San Benito, 144;-de
San Bernabe, 185;-de San
Felipe, 667;-de San Francisco,
52, 53;-de San Jacinto, 667;-
de San Joseph, 667;-de San
Juan Capistrano, 496;-de San
Patricio, 176, 667;-de San Pe-
dro de Alcantara, 144;-de
Santo Tomas, 194;-de Santa
Clara, 33 ;-iii, de Natividad,
154;-de San Dieguito, 143;-
de Santa Isabel, 142
Canadian Tribes, ii, 253
Canalejas, Spanish Minister, iii,
620
Canalizo, President Valentin,
iv, 255
Canapui, on route of Fr. Pay-
eras, iii, 143
Candidates for governor, iv,
124, 389
i6
Index
Candidates proposed for dio-
cese of California, iv, 188-190,
665-666.
Candles of tallow at holy Mass,
iii, 74
Candlemas Day, ii, 627
Cane, Vicente, iii, 246-247, 295;-
iv, 184
Canedo, Juan de Dios, iii, 277,
407
Canicaimos (Canucaymos) In-
dians, iii, 146, 176, 182 ^
Canizares, Jose, ii, 14, 15, 18,
110, 131. 164, 202, 205, 206,
321
Canoes, Indian, ii, 148-149, 155
Canonical visitations, iii, 41,
576-577
Cation of San Jacinto, ii, 667;-
of San Felipe, 667
Cantil, El, or San Nicolas, ii,
39
Capatati, rancheria, ii, 623
Capdevila, Rev. Francisco Caye-
tano, iv, 718-719
Cape Mendocino, ii, 3, 153, 469,
661;-iv, 653 ;-Lookout, ii, 159;-
North, ii, 148;-San Lucas, ii,
65. 68, 324;-iii, 443;-iv, 188,
684, 809;-Horn, iii, 131;-iv,
413, 612, 689
Capital of California, iii, 596;-
iv, 127, see Los Angeles,
Monterey
Captain Juan's, ii, 192
Captious critic properly treated,
ii, 575
Capuchin Nuns, collection for,
ii, 468-469
Capuchin friars, iii, 96
Carabantes, soldier, ii, 571
Card-playing, ii, 565-566, 571
Care-free life at the Missions,
ii, 263
Carlos III, and the Jesuits, ii,
67, 649;-orders new regla-
mento, 327;-calls for war con-
tributions, 390;-deceived, 525;-
haughtiness of, 649;-death of,
451-452:-ment., 76, 11, 147.
148, 155
Carlos IV. reviews Papal Brief,
ii. 605-607 ;-forced to abdicate,
646
Carlos, Indian, taken from
church asylum, ii, 186;-must
be restored, 188
Carlos, T., alcalde, iii, 585
Carlow, Ireland, iv, 716
Carmack, Senator, ii, 266, 267
Carmelo Bay, ii, 41, 54, 57
Carm^lo Mission, why so called,
ii, 87, 89, 164, 221, 166;-iii,
399
Carmelo River, see Rio Car-
melo
Carmelite Fathers at Monterey
Bay, ii, 75
Carmelite monastery proposed,
ii, 521-523 ;-iv, 222
Carnicer, Fr. Baltasar, ii, 596;-
iii, 11
Carping critics, ii, 274, 584
Carpinteria, Cal., ii, 34
Carquinez Strait, ii, 97, 206-207,
625;-iii, 27, 146;-iv, 267, 563
Carranza, Fr. Domingo, ii, 508
Carranza, Venustiano, iv, 251,
580. 783
Carranzistas and Villistas, iv,
107. 582, 794-799
Carreros, Adolfo, iv, 752, 754
Carrillo Brothers secure Santa
Rosa Island, iv, 75
Carrillo, Anastasio, sergeant,
iii, 33, 195;-assembly mem-
ber, 251, 252;-ment., 467;-iv,
124, 518
Carillo, Carlos Antonio, ser-
geant, iii, 204; assembly, 252;
delegate to congress, 327;-
panegyric on Missions, 403-
406;-assembly, 502;-turns
against Missions, 523;-takes
charge of Mission San Buena-
ventura, 534;-ment., 229, 505,
572;-manages San Buenaven-
tura, iv, 30;-assemblv, 285,
328;-ment., 36, 53, 340, 343,
373
Carrillo, Domingo, ensign, iii,
300;-member of court-mar-
tial, 301-302
Carrillo, Guillermo, ii, 212
Carillo, Joaquin, assembly, iv,
472;-leases Mission Santa
Ines, 459;-purc bases same,
506;-assembly, 565
Carrillo, Jose Antonio, assem-
bly, iii, 157;-signs Bandini-
Pico revolutionary pronuncia-
mento, 361-362;-assembly, 5(^,
510, 572;-delegate to con-
gress, 596-597 ;-ment., 613;-iv,
Index
17
supreme judge, 127;-returns
from exile, 459;-tnent., 73,
481, 564
Carrillo, Jos6 Ant. Ezequiel, al-
calde, iii, 260-261
Carrillo, Manuela, iv, 236
Carrillo, Ramona, iii, 293
Carrillo, Raymundo, ii, 492,
601, 611;-iii, 650
Carrizal, Pozo de, ii,,,176
Carriages forbidden, iii, 44, 86-
89
Carroll, Rev. Richard, iv, 716
Cartagena, Fr. Romuildo, ii, 174
Carta Pastoral, see Diego, Rt
Rev.
Carta Reservada, iii, 56
Cartas Edificantes, ii, 458
Carter, Captain, iv, 781-782
Carter, Charles D., iv, 682
Carts, ox-carts, as means of
travel, ii, 260, 639 ;-iii, 44-45
Carvajal, Ciriaco Gonzalez, iii,
10
Casafonda, Manuel Lanz de, ii,
653-655
Casa Grande, Arizona, ii, 175
Casa Grande, or S. Juan Nepo-
muceno, ii, 49
Casals, Fr. Francisco, iii, 51, 53
Casas Bartolome de las, iv, 11
Case of Hart vs. Burnett, iii,
639
Case, land, No. 402, iv, 767-
771;-No. 412, pp. 759-767 ;-No.
417, pp. 747-759 ;-No. 609, iv.
733-745
Cases before the Land Com-
mission, iv, 746
Cash contributions from Mis-
sions, iii, 151, 158, see Sold,
Hartnell
Cash Creek, iv, 593
Cash money at the Missions, ii,
577-579
Casitas, (L. C), iii, 444
Cass, Hon. Lewis, iv, 695
Casserly, Eugene, iv, 695, 733
Castafiares, Jos6 Maria, iv, 127
Castaiiares, Manuel, agent of
Alvarado, iv, 269;-delegate to
congress, 284, 293-295;-auda-
cious tirade, 294
Castaiieda, Juan de, in Castro's
junta, iv, 481 ;-purchases Santa
Clara orchard, 508;-in Land
Case No. 412, pp. 759-766
Castegue, rancheria, ii, 680
Castell6n de Ampurias, Spain,
iv, 52
Castilian blood, iii, 130
Castilian means of communi-
cation among Indians, ii, 252
Castillero, Andres, agent of
Alvarado, iv, 68, 98;-success-
ful, 75;-snubbed by Vallejo,
97, 773;-delegate to congress,
124, 187, 284;-ment., 67, 482
Castillo, Fr. Antonio, iv, 664,
711
Castillo y Lanzas, Crispiniano
del, iv, 223, 243, 475
Castillo, Pedro del, iii, 591, 595
Cast-off clothing at the Mis-
sions, ii, 557
Castor, neophyte, iii, 585
Castrense, vicario, ii, 541-542
Castro, Antonio, iii, 157, 215-
217, 350
Castro, Bautista, iv, 481
Castro, Cirlos, assembly, iii,
157, 215-216, 252, 323, 325,
502;-iv, 124
Castro, Francisco, assembly, iii,
150, 157, 215-217;-iv, 125
Castro, Francisco, pilot, ii, 202,
220, 319
Castro, Joaquin, iv, 751
Castro, Jos6, assembly, iii, 251,
502;-acting governor, 597;-
ment., 350, 351, 356;-iv, civil
governor, 3, 93;-assembly, 3,
5, 58, 96, 269, 285;-president
of "Free State of California,"
56-58, 91-92;-age of, 54;-
brave with mouth, 57;-in
flight from Los Angeles, 66-
67;-military commander, 328,
470-471 ;-his men plunder Mis-
sion Santa Clara, 360-367;-
treachery to Micheltorena,
423-424 ;-orders Fr. Mercado
banished, 427;-orders Fre-
mont to retire, 478-479 ;-proc-
lamation, 480;-calls junta of
officers, 480-482; recognized by
Mexico, 473, 485-486 ;-opposes
Pio Pico, 472-477, 483, 487-
488;-abused by, Bandini, 486;-
appeals to Pico, 491. 546;-
levies on Missions, 506;-proc-
lamation, 546;-meets Pico,
547-548;-refuses to surrender
to Sloat, 554;-retreats, 556;-
i8
Index
spurns Stockton's offer, 558;*
retires to Mexico, 559-560;-
permitted to return, 632;-tes-
timony before Land Commis-
sioner, 733;-ment., 47, 50-55,
62, 75, 94, 97, 112, 124, 126,
128, 137, 145, 307, 312, 315,
325-327, 335, 390, 458, 492-
493, 508, 514, 525, 551, 565,
570, 723, 747, 761, 763, 764,
766, 772, 77S, 781, 782, 816;-
autograph, iv, 487
Castro, Jose Tiburcio, assembly,
iii, 157, 185, 215-216, 252, 323;-
petitions in behalf of Spanish
friars, 277;-comisionado, 351;-
administrator, 534;-ment., 597;
-iv, assembly, 124
Castro legislature, iii, 216-217
Castro, Macario, ii, 491
Castro, Manuel, opposes Mich-
eltorena, iv, 325, 424;-prefect,
390;-orders Fremont to with-
draw, 479;-retreats to Mex-
ico, 578;-ment., 481, 547, 558
Castro, Maria, iv, 125
Castro, Mariano, iii, 646
Castro, Martina, marries Alva-
rado, iv, 125
Castroville, Cal., ii, 45
Catala, Fr. Magin, chaplain, ii,
441-442;-insulted by soldiers,
531;-chaplain for settlers, 542;-
ment., 533;— iii, remonstrates,
126-128;-refuses oath, 243-244;-
death of, 560;-beatification
process, 317;-ment., 57, 245,
272, 636;-autograph, 125.
Catalan, Fr. Benito, ii, 547
Cataldino, Rev. J., S. J., iv, 11
Catalina Island, ii, 29
Catalina, The, iii, 443, 471;-iv,
69
Catalonian and Castilian idioms,
iii, 43
Catalonian proverb, iv, 117
Catalonian Volunteers, ii, 9, 22,
24, 54, 61, 66, 129, 132, 465,
511
Catani's catechism, ii, 255
Catechism, Catholic, and Pio
Pico, iv, 340, 352, 505, 507
Catechism at Mission San Di-
ego, ii, 339
Catechetical instructions, ii,
251-255, 627;-iii, 5-6. 611-616
Catechumens, ii, 251-255
Catholic, why in California eve-
rybody had to be, iv, 413-414
Catholic Church, Catholic's
view of, ii, 604;-butt of un-
scrupulous politicians, ii, 285,
314-315;-succeeds with In-
dians, 272;-in Spanish domin-
ions, 81, 463, 616-617, 670-
674;-nowhere encroaches on «
rights of secular powers, 348-
349;-supreme in her sphere,
348-349 ;-iii. Church in Span-
ish dominions, lll;-iv, must
not be subject to nations or
secular governments, 45-48;-in
California, 188-189, 237-238;-in
France, 45-46 ;-in Mexico, 282,
419, 663-664, 794-799;-her laws
respected by Gov. Mason,
598;-her ruin, nation's ruin,
172;-gains Indians, 654-655;-
not mere human machine, 498
Catholic clergy always defend-
ers of Indian rights, iv, 413-
414
Catholic and Protestant view
of marriage, iv, 114
Catholic sensibilities respected,
iv, 590
Catholic religious always sup-
port law and order, ii, 285
Catholic religious, male or fe-
male, are free, iii, 517
Catholic womanhood, iv, 413-
414, 810
Catholics, indifferent, ii, 439,
676-678 ;-iii, 619-620
Catholics necessarily loyal to
secular government, ii, 604-
605;-iv, 282
Catholics must contract mar-
riage before priest, iv, 416,
600-601
Catholics brutally persecuted in
Protestant countries, iii, 627-
629;-iv, 114
Catholicity, undiluted, ii, 439
Catholicity of the paisanos at
Santa Clara, iii, 317
Cats for San Gabriel and San
Diego, ii, 182
Cattle brand, ii, 262;-iv, 248
Cattle contributed for new
Missions, ii, 90, 120
Cattle at ex-mission San Ga-
Index
19
briel too lean to produce tal-
low for a candle, iv, 163
Cattle, Pio Pico's, iv, 764
Cattle, alleged wanton slaugh-
ter, iii, 558, 637, 654-661;-
iv, 5
Cause of hostility to the mis-
sionaries, iii, 319-320;-of Mex-
ican disorders, 317-318 ;-of
disorders at Missions, 539-
540;-of Indian revolt, 195;-of
runaways, 34-36;-of strife be-
tween ecclesiastics and politi-
cians, lll;-of Indian mortali-
ty, 29-30;-of Martinez's seiz-
ure and exile, 281;-of Fr.
Mercado's banishment, iv,
422-428
Caustic epilogue of Fr. Duran,
iii, 400-402
Cavalier (Caballer), Fi^. Jose,
assigned to San Luis Obispo,
ii, 85, 103;-ment., 89, 129,
178, 215
Cavalry arrives, iii, 62
Cayegues, ii, 491
Cayuelas, Francfsco, iii, 643-
644
Cedar Springs, ii, 194
Cedros Islands, ii, 12
Celebration at election of new
Pope, iii, 218-219
Celis, Eugenio, iv, 508
Celis, Eulogio, iv, 39
Census of foreigners, iv, 129
Cemeteries, Indian, ii, 37
Century of vituperation, ii, 272
Ceremony at founding of a
Mission, ii, 75
Ceremony of taking possession
of land, ii, 76
Ceremonies at celebration of
Nuestra Senora del Refu-
gio, Patroness of Cal. dio-
cese, iv, 260-261
Cermenon, Sebastian Rodri-
guez, ii, 50, 55
Cerro de Gavilan, iv, 479
Cerro de Santa Cecilia, ii, 175
Cervantes, Andres, iii, 362
Cervera, Fr. Raymundo, iv, 709
Cevallos, Fr. Juan Bautista,
ui, 4
Chaclanes, or Sacalanes, ii, 503
Chagrin of Neve, ii, 313-314
Chaguanosps, iv, 310-311
Chain of new Missions pro-
posed, iii. 341-344, 493-499
Chalcedon, Archbishop of, iv,
622, 624
Challenge to Government
school, ii, 272
Chamisso, Adalbert von, iii,
82, 83
Champion, fearless, iv, 50
Chamuasi, rancheria, ii, 623
Change, important ecclesiasti-
cal, iv, 690-691, 710-711
Change of names, ii, 625
Changes, military, ii, 328
Changes, missionary, ii, 383
Changes among missionaries
not to be made hastily, ii,
630
Changes, political, ii, 292-293,
597, 646-647 ;-iv, 281
Changes proposed by Fr. Gar-
cia Diego, iii, 578-579
Channel Indians, ii, 234, 589,
618-620
Channel Islands, ii, 618-620;-
iv, 75
Channel Missions, ii, 218, 365-
367, 371, 374, 377, 432-434
Channel of Santa Barbara, ii,
10, 32. 65, 90, 92, 217, 221.
225, 326, 337. 354, 398;-iii,
60, 646;-iv, 311
Chaplaincies disliked by friars,
ii, 155, 166
Chaplains at sea, ii, 145, 161,
165, 171, 174. 202. 205, 210,
219, 220, 319-321, 324-326. 370,
395. 419, 440-442, 516, 526, 546
Chaplains, services of, at pre-
sidios voluntary, ii, 407, 417-
418
Chaplains of the San Antonio,
ii, 10;-of the San Carlos, 9
Chaplet of Our Lady, ii, 151
Chapman, Joseph, iii, 364;-iv,
234
Chapters College San Fernan-
do, ii, 405, 489, 548, 597, 626;-
iii. 3, 53, 109, 207, 248, 307,
464-465:-iv, 78. 79, 98, 296,
521, 703, 721-722
Chapters College of Guadalupe,
Zacatecas, iv, 80, 213-214, 711
Chapter. General, of the Order,
ii. 476
20
Index
Chapter, Metropolitan, Mexico,
iii, 215
Character of administrators and
comisionados, iv, 138-139, 216-
217
Character of missionaries, iv,
512-513, 527-532
Character of Mexican Govern-
ment, iv, 105
Character of monk-baiters, iii,
247
Character of soldiers and col-
onists, iii, 12^-132
Character, sacred, of priest,
iii, 232-233
Characteristic letter of Fr.
Serra, ii, 385-389
Charges, characteristic of Val-
lejo and Alvarado, iii, 254,
257
Charges, terrible, against Neve's
men, ii, 360;-against Ortega,
iii, 584-586
Charges for travel by sea, ii,
544-547
Charges, various, against the
friars, ii, 266, 416-417, 551-
590;-iii, 84-87, 254-257, 241,
356-357, 381, 592-593 ;-see FF.
Martinez, Mercado, Quintana
Charitas Dei urget nos, ii, 388
Charitable to put Indians under
friars, iii, 478;-iv, 645
Charts, lack of accurate, ii, 24
Chastisements employed at the
Missions, ii, 265, 275-277, 574
Chatham, The, ii, 470
Chavez, Ignacio Cortina, iv, 241
Chemin, Rev. Leo, iv, 690
Chevers, W. H., iv, 747, 759
Chicago, Diocese of, iv, 628
Chicanery of Neve, ii, 312
Chick-peas, ii, 131
Chico, Mariano, refuted, iii, 660-
661, 663;-iv, arrives, 3;-prin-
ciples, 4;-prohibits trade out-
side Monterey, 19;-immoral-
:ty,4, 19,22, 71 ;-at Santa Ines,
20-21, 33 ;-quarrel with Fr.
Duran, 21-36;-orders Fr. Du-
ran banished, 36-39 ;-disgusts
the people, 19-20, 36;-his name
detested, 104, 116, 523;-at
Los Angeles, 35;-is banished
himself, 38-40;-ment., 41-44,
52, 54, (H, 83, 113, 327, 785,
786, 816;-autograph, 29
Chief care of the missionaries,
ii, 415
Chief cares, one of, of military
commanders, ii, 415
Chihuahua, ii, 357, 455, 457,
650;-iv, 309
Children in Missions, special
care for, ii, 355;-occupation
of, 261-262, 564
Children and heirs, position of
neophytes, iii, 379-380
Chile, South America, ii, 261,
436;-iv, 624, 663, 711
Chimney Rock, Cal., ii, 193
China, ii, 150, 436, 616, 662;-.iv,
790
Chineguis, rancheria, ii, 623
Chinigchinich, a phantom, ii,
237;-title of book by Fr.
Boscana, ii, 225-241
Choinoc, rancheria, iii, 23
Choir in Mission churches, li,
256, 273
Cholera ravages, iv, 321-322,
696-697
Cholos arrive, iii, 62-66 ^quar-
tered in San Carlos Mission,
64-66 ;-iv, 52;-at Los Angeles,
272;-ment., 321-322, 325-332,
360
Choquet, Diego, ii, 202, 211,
212, 216, 325
Choris, Louis, iii, 82
Choynogue, rancheria, ii, 623
Christ and Apostles excluded
from nativist land, iii, 407
Christ, Messengers of, ii, 242-
244, 364, 383-384;-teachings of,
243
Christian Advocate, Methodist
Weekly, iv, 715
Christian doctrine before mar-
riage, ii, 544
Christian Indians from Lower
California, ii, 18, 23
Christianity alone can subdue
Indians, iv, 537
Christianization of Mexico, ii,
364
Christian returns for insults,
iii, 293-294
Christian schools, necessity of,
iv, 713
I Christian Socialism, iii, 491
Index
21
Christian truths imparted orally
and through eye, ii, 272
Christians and Divine Worship,
iii, 579
Christmas in the Missions, ii,
2S6;-on the march, 176
Chupu, Indian phantom, ii, 613-
614
Church, see Catholic Church
Church asylum infringed, ii,
185-188 ;-laws on, 668-670;-iii,
232
Church construction, Fathers
not free in, ii, 601-602
Church dedication at Santa
Clara, ii, 399-400
Church indifferent to form of
secular government, iii, 218
Church goods spitefully de-
tained, ii, 118
Church goods exempt from tax-
ation, iii, 133, 186
Church property in strict sense,
iii, 637;-iv, 23, 339, 738-743;-
after confiscation, 216-217;-
confiscation of not beneficial,
290;-at the Missions, 683, 727-
728;-due to Franciscan zeal,
395;-efforts to secure formal
title, 264-266, 73 l;-ruin of, ruin
of nation, 172;-sacred to Relig-
ion, 727-728, 730;-once sacred
to Religion always sacred,
48;-state of in Cal., iv, 237-
238, 391, 397-401 ;-not sacred
to cupidity and irreligion,
286, 730;-testimony in behalf
of, 732-733
Church of San Fernando de
Mexico, iii, 265
Church of Christ of Latter Day
Saints, iv, 589
Cimarones, or runaways, iii, 26
Cincinnati, Ohio, iv, 688-689
Cipres, Fr. Marcelino, ii, 601
Circulars, see under names of
respective FF. Presidentes
Citizenship, Indians not yet
qualified for full, iv, 141-142,
639-640
Civilization in California due
to friars, iii, 404
Civil vs. military authority, iv,
125
Claim to Nootka abandoned by
Spain, ii, 438
Claiming too much, iii, 154
Claptrap, Echeandia's talk on
schools, iii, 397-399
Clara, Fr. Lasuen's sister, ii,
509-510
Clarion, The^ iii, 58
Claudio, Indian, ii, 507
Clavijero, Rev. Francisco Ja-
vier, S. J., ii, 297
Clayton, Hon. John M., iv, 728
Clear Lake massacre, iv, J14;-
Clear Lake, 644
Clear statement of Fr. Duran,
iv, 21-29, 489-490
Clement XIII, Pope, ii, death
of, 67
Clement, XIV, Pope, ii, 67;-au-
thorizes Confirmations, ii, 298
Clementine, The, iii, 651;-iv,
38, 51
Clergy decline to join paisano
politicians, iv, 489
Clergy more useful in prayer
than in politics, iv, 490
Clergy of the diocese on arrival
of Bishop Aleinany, iv, 685
Clergy, secular, and Indian Mis-
sions, iv, 439
Clerical changes, iv, 689-691
Clerical, as term of reproach,
ii, 358
Cleveland, President Grover, iv,
666
Climax of exaggeration, iii, 629-
637f 654-660;-of injustice, iv,
293
Clinch, Bryan J., on Neve, ii,
317
Clothing of Indians at Mis-
sions, ii, 262-263, 556-557
Cloverdale, Cal., iii, 147
Coahuila, one of the Provincias
Internas, ii, 292;-iv, 283
Coast Range, ii, 96;-iv, 283
Coast, discovery of Northwest,
ii, 3
Coast of California, descrip-
tion, ii, 660-662
Coat-of-arms of California, iv,
659-660
Codina, Fr. Francisco, iv, 718-
719
Coercion not Catholic doctrine
nor practice, ii, 589
Cohochs, ranch eria, ii, 623^ 682
Coias (Cuit, Uluqui), ii, 240
22
Index
Cojat, camping place, ii, 176
Cojo, El, or Santa Teresa, ii, 38
Cold, extreme, ii, 95
Coleman, George, baptized by
Fr. Altimira, iii, 256
Colima, Mexico, iv, 617
Colima, Simon, iii, 196
Collection for Capuchin Nuns,
ii, 468-469
Collection for Propagation of
the Faith, iv, 789-790
Collector of custom revenues,
iii, 222
Collectors of tithes appointed,
iv, 247;-resign, 256
College, missionary, of Guate-
mala, ii, 222, 298
College, missionary, of Guada-
lupe, Zacatecas, ii, 246;-di-
rected by Mexican Govern-
ment to send friars to Cali-
fornia, iii, 277, 406-409 ;-sends
ten Fathers, 442;-ment., 465,
489, 496, 580, 605;-iv, Bishop
Diego at, 213, 221-222;-gives
two priests to Bishop, 222;-
resents treatment of Fr. Mer-
cado, 428;-recalls Fr. Jose
Real, 690-691 ;-ment., 121-122,
189, 227, 297, 411, 620, 669,
672, 699, 700, 710, 713
College of San Fernando, mis-
sionary, chapters, see Chap-
ters of San Fernando ;-on
California conquest, ii, 653-
655;-complains to viceroy,
289;-con tends for Indian
rights, 371 ;-deserves grati-
tude of California, 382;-dis-
cretory, 372, 375;-founded,
477;-insists on Mission sys-
tem, 371-382, 434;-procurator,
V 219, 247, 579, 647;-protests
against pueblo near Mission,
516-519;-resists misuse of
Pious Fund, 657;-ment., 5,
66, 82, 85, 102, 108, 126, 153,
154, 161, 163, 166, 167, 210,
219, 222-223, 245, 246, 293, 298,
299, 305, 309, 319, 325, 326,
341, 391, 392, 395, 402, 411,
423, 432, 446, 449, 452, 454, 461-
462, 479-489, 493, 510, 529, 541,
545, 547, 551, 582, 597, 717;-
iii, under Mexican independ-
ence, 108-1 10;-oath of alleg-
iance taken, 151;-oflEers to
cede the Missions, 51-55 ;-pen-
niless, 73 ;-unselfishness of, 47,
449-450;-sad state of, 162-164,
447-450 ;-in peril of extinc-
tion, 265-266;-sends last two
friars, 247;-yields ten Mis-
sions to Guadalupe, 453;-
ment, 87, 93, 103, 139, 175-
176, 207, 109, 139, 383, 408,
^96, 546, 560, 610, 639;-iv,
condition of, 78-79 ;-Bishop
Diego there, 202;-almost de-
molished, 521-522;-communi-
ty at, 521, 702;-ment., 120,
163, 191, 526, 620, 700, 709,
721-722
College, missionary, of Santa
Cruz, Queretaro, ii, 108, 135,
137, 171, 174, 191, 222, 248,
298, 350, 371, 392, 405, 477,
551;-iv, 89, 296
College, missionary, of San
Jose de Gracia, Orizaba, iii,
50-51
College, missionary, of Zapo-
pan, Mexico, iv, 89, 227
College and novitiate at Santa
Barbara founded, iv, 700-707;
-transferred to the Mission,
719-721
College, Jesuit, at Santa Clara,
iv, 691
College, St. Vincent's, Los An-
geles, iv, 719
College Rancho at Santa Ines,
iv, 263, 684
Colleges, apostolic spirit of, ii,
477-479
CoUingwood, The, iv, 550
Colonies in California not en-
couraging, ii, 511
Colonies, how rendered success-
ful, ii, 514-515
Colonists of Branciforte, ii,
519-520;-iv, 298
Colonists for Los Angeles, ii,
365-367 ;-f or San Jose, 221-
222;-for San Francisco de
Asis, 174-179, 182, 201-206;-
for San Francisco Solano, iii,
510-511
Colonists exasperate Indians, ii,
352-353;-indolent, 513-514;-
spiritually neglected, iii, 6;-
Index
23
not taxed like Missions, 192;-
aided by the government, ii,
222, 328-330;-iii, 126;-neglect
horticulture, iv, 534
Colonists and soldiers attended
by the missionaries without
compensation, ii, 461, 466-467
Colonists contribute nothing to
maintenance of Church or
priest, iv, 350
Colonists and soldiers, charac-
ter of, iii, 129-132, 506-507
Colonists of the Padres-Hijar
company at Monterey, iii, 506
Colony at the Port of San
Diego, ii, 18, 61;-iii, 507;-on
the Colorado, ii, 352-354
Colonization at expense of
Pious Fund, iii, 521
Colonization scheme, fraudu-
lent, iii, 504-505, 508-509
Colonization, properly execut-
ed, not opposed by friars, iii,
341, 342, 639, 640
Colonization plan of Rev. Mc-
Namara, iv, 548-550
Colonization, laws on, iv, 367
Coloma, where gold was dis-
covered, iv, 610
Colorado River, see Rio Colo-
rado
Colorado River discovered, ii,
158
Colorado River Missions and
their fate, ii, 335, 351-357, 369,
372, 378, 382, 478
Colorado River tribes and the
Coast Indians, ii, 196;-iv, 209
Colton, Rev. Walter, Protest-
ant preacher, iii, 63 1-637 ;-iv,
563, 728
Columbia River discovered, ii,
158
Columbia, The, first American
ship on northwest coast, ii,
158, 441
Columbian citizen, iii, 333
Columbus, The, with Bishop
Alemany aboard, iv, 682
Comales and metates, iii, 64
Comandante Caspar de Portola,
ii, 43
Comerford, Sister Mary Teresa,
iv, 714
Comisionados discourage relig-
ious exercises, iii, 581-588;-
iv, 430
Comisionados of emancipation
named, iii, 484
Comisionados make invento-
ries, their charges, iv, 380-
381, 387, 457
Comisionado system and re-
sults, iv, 148, 185, 274, 289,
433, 706
Comisionados of secularization
named, iii, 350-351
Comisionados usurp spiritual
authority, iii, 594-595
Commandments of God set
aside, iv, 782
Coimmandments VI and VII
especially distasteful, iv, 419-
420
Commentaries of Fr. Duran»
iii, 379-402
Commerce of the territory, iii,
342
Commercialism foreign to
friars, ii, 246
Commissary-General of the In-
dies, ii, 418, 603, 605, 607;-
iii, 4, 45, 52-53, 84;-iv, 303
Commissary of the Holy Office,
ii, 542-543
Commissary-Prefect, ii, 297-298,.
311;-first in California, iii, 4;-
powers of, 4;-term of, 7;-
headquarters, 7;-office ceased,.
54;-revived, 84;-ment., 407;-
office returns to California,,
iv, 79;-ment., 303
Commissary of the Port of
San Bias, ii, 110, 114, 162
Commissioner of Indian Af-
fairs, U. S., report on failure
of Indian educational system,
ii, 267-269 ;-report on number
of Indians, iv, 657
Common sense guided friars;,
ii, 274-275
Communication betw. Colorado
Indians and Mission Indians
discouraged by Rivera, ii, 196
Communication, medium of,
among the Indian tribes, ii»
252
Communication betw. Monterey
and Sonora, ii, 350;-betweeii
New Mexico and Monterey,
125
Communion, Holy, not gener-
24
Index
ally comprehended by In-
dians, ii, 253;~iii, 6
Communion, Holy, report on,
ii, 627-628, 632
Communion, Holy, on the voy-
age, ii, 9, 147
Compaiiia Cosmopolitana, iii,
507, 512
Compelled, no one, to join
Missions, ii, 263
Compensation, lack of, for at-
tending sessions, causes ad-
journment of assembly, iv,
471
Compensation to friars for at-
tending presidios, ii, 466, 467
Compensation for teaching
trades, ii, 536-537, 539
Complaint, bitter of Fr. Amo-
ros, iii, 81-82
Compline, last part of Divine
Office, ii, 478
Composition of first assembly,
iii, 185;-of- second, 251
Composition of the Spanish
Cortes in 1811-1813, iii, 94-
95, 99
Composition of Malaspina's
crews, ii, 440
Composition of the Mission
family, ii, 275
Concepcion, Laguna de la, ii,
35
Concepcion, Puerta de la (Fort
Yuma), ii, 200
Concepcion, Punta de la, ii, 38
Concepcion, The, ii, 9, 10, 133,
442, 486, 508, 519, 545, 550,
565, 575, 616
Conciliatory policy of the U.S.
officers, iv, 596-597, 601, 630-
632
Conde, Pedro Garcia, to Jose
Castro, iv, 473-474
Conditions, humiliating, ii, 284
Conditions for colonization, iii,
638-639
Conduct, exemplary, of friars,
iii, 563
Cone jo, ii, 491
Conference between Ban din i
and Fr. Duran, iv, 368
Conference of Fr. Diego with
Fr. Duran, iii, 605;-of Fa-
thers with Echeandia at San
Diego, iii, 237-240, 243
Confession, Sacramental, and
Mexican insurgents, iv, 7Sd
Confessional not frequented by
the paisano chiefs, iv, 783-
784;-why hated by revolution-
ists, 783;-the safeguard of
virtue, 780
Confessions, annual report on,
ii, 628, 632
Confidence of Indians in mis-
sionaries, ii, 522
Confidence of the Mexican
Government in friars, iii, 344-
345
Confidential agent for land
claims sent by U. S., iv, 728
Confirmation, Fr. Serra em-
powered to confer Sacrament
of, ii, 297-298 ;-number con-
firmed, 400;-Fr. Lasuen em-
powered, 449, 454-455, 596;-
administered by Fr. Mariano
Sosa, iii, 408-409;-by Fr. Du-
ran, 481;-by Fr. Diego, 605-
606;-by Bishop Diego, iv,
228;-by Fr. Rubio, 186, 663;-
faculty enjoyed by early
Franciscans, iv, 304-305
Confirmation Register, ii, 300,
318
Confiscation of Missions com-
pleted, iii, 530-532
Confiscation of Missions and
effects, iv, 320, 322-324, 408,
637-638 ;-made conversions im-
possible, 215-216;-burdened
settlers with support of
Church services, 398 ;-a curse,
98-116, 290;-real object of,
438
Confiscation of Church prop-
erty in Mexico, iv, 699;-of
Pious Fund, 242-244, 295;-of
property of Religious, iii,
87-98
Confiscation and secularization
explained, iii, 320-321, 637
Congregation of Propagation of
the Faith, ii, 298, 307;-iv,
789-790;-of Picpus Fathers,
iii, 651;-iv, 612;-of St. Vin-
cent de Paul, iv, 711-719
Congress, The, U. S. frigate,
iv, 551, 555, 563. 564, 568
Congress, first Cal. delegates
Index
25
to the Mexican, iii, 150, 158,
159, 251;-iv, 284, 487
Congress of U. S. enacts law
on land claims, iv, 731;-adopts
reservation system for In-
dians, 656-657
Congreso del Estado Libre de
California, iv, 91
Conquest of California, object
of, ii, 660
Conscience of foreign adven-
turers, iv, 413
Consecratum Domino semel.
Sanctum erit Domino, iv, 48
Consecration of the first Bish-
op, iv, 202
Consejo General of Pico, iv,
486-490
Consolation for the friars, iii,
577, 663
Conspiracy charge, amusing,
iii, 572-573
Conspiracy against the govern-
ment, ii, 314;-against Gov.
Victoria, iii, 359, 361;-against
Micheltorena, iv, 325-326
Conspiracy of paisano chiefs
against Missions, iv, 62-64
Constitution of California, first,
iii, 185;-of State of Califor-
nia, iv, 660
Constitution of United States
permits no laws interfering
with Religion, iv, 605
Constitution, The, U. S. frigate,
iv, 551
Constitutional convention at
Monterey, iv, 659
Constitutions, various, of Mex-
ico, iii, 213, 245;-iv, 3, 4, 281
Consultation of Fathers at San
Diego, ii, 107, 188
Consultation of Fathers on Fr.
Altimira's action, iii, 179
Contemptible tactics of Neve,
ii, 280-292
Contention betw. Bishop Diego
and Fr. Quijas, iv, 299
Contra Costa County, ii, 506
Contra Costa Mts., ii, 207
Contrast Carranza's troops with
U. S. troops, iv, 552;-Carran-
za's actions with Kearny's,
580;-Carranza*s treatment of
priests with Mason's cour-
tesy, 595-596;-reception of
Bishop Diego and that of
Bishop Alemany, 682
Contributions from old to new
Missions, ii, 8, 247, 453-454
Contributions to Spanish war
fund, ii, 390, 468, 540, see
Donativo
Contributions, forced, from the
Missions, iii, 19, 68-70, 123-
129, 151, 236;-iv, 94, 132-135
Control of Indians belongs to
missionaries in capacity of
fathers to children, ii, 119-
120, 133
Convenio or Agreement betw.
Dominicans and Franciscans,
iv, 708-709
Convent, first Dominican, iv,
692
Convent of Our Lady of Sor-
rows, Santa Barbara, iv, 706-
707
Convento Grande de San Fran-
cisco de Mexico, iii, 93
Convents, queer notions about,
iii, 323-324
Convents of Sisters, first, in
California, iv, 688-689;-at Los
Angeles, 718
Conventuals, friars, ii, 67
Conversion of Indians, first ob-
ject of Spanish occupation, ii,
132, 415
Conversion with aid of troops
not successful, iii, 25
Conversion and marriage of
William Hartnell, iv, 146
Conversions, numerous, ii, 167,
498;-discouraged by settlers,
513;-obstructed by bad exam-
ple, 426;-rendered impossible
by Neve, 331-335 ;-numerous,
iii, 116, 226, 316;-rendered
impossible by paisano chiefs,
iv, 117, 119-120, 215-216
Conversiones or Reducciones,
see Reductions, Missions
Convicts as troops, iii, 253-254;-
iv, 52, 270, 272, see Cholos
Convictions vs. notions, iv, 413
Conway, Rev. B. L., iii, 624
Cook, George, iv, 581
Cook's Inlet, ii, 438
Cooper, John Baptist Roger,
iii, 283
26
Index
Cooperation of Fr. Durin cov-
eted, iv, 367-368
Cordero, soldier, iii, 231
Cordoba, Alberto de, ii, 516,
519
Cordoba y Barrios, Jose Miguel
de, iii, 97
Cork County, Ireland, iv, 714
Corn-planting, ii, 260
Coronel, Ignacio, iv, 31
Corpus Christi celebrations, ii,
78-79, 85, 627;-iii, 207, 278;-iv,
264, 280-281
Corral, or Santa Rosa de Vi-
terbo, ii, 32
Correct sense of Law of Sep-
tember 13, 1813, iii, 380
Correction necessary, ii, 342
Correction regarding Michel-
torena, iv, 334-335
Corro, President Jose Justo,
iv, 90
Correspondence of friars, ii,
458-459, see Letters
Cortes, Hernando, ii, 342-343,
364;-iii, 628
Cortes, Fr. Juan, ii, 498, 551,
608;-discreto, iii, 3, 53, 55;-
procurator for Missions, 54,
124-125, 211, 247-249 ;-to Fr.
Payeras, 84-85, 93-94; -re tires
to Spain, 266-267 ;-ment., 265,
272;-autograph, ii, 629
Cortes, Spanish, of 1812-1813,
iii, 94-95 ;-decrees of, 105-108,
110, 137, 148, 320-321, 425,
467, 487;-decree of Sept. 13th,
419, 468-469 ;-of year 1820, p.
138;-ment., 135, 140, 148;-iv,
738
Cortina, Ignacio, iv, 522
Cosomnes Indians, iv, 216
Cossack, The, iii, 362
Cossacks, administrators worse
than, iv, 103
Costa, Fr. Domingo, O. P., iv,
709
Costanso, Miguel, ii, 8, 9, 11,
13, 15;-to Don Galvez, 62;-on
trade regulations, 590;-ment.,
22-24, 31, 33, 38. 43, 45, 48, 54,
58, 60-63, 65, 71
Cost of transportation, ii, 280
Cot, Antonio Jose, iii, 450;-iv,
84;-purchases Mission San
Luis Rey, 507
Cota, Antonio, iv, 725
Cota, corporal, iii, 195
Cota, Guillermo, iii, 227
Cota, Manuel, discharged, iv,
150, 157
Cota, Mariano, iii, 33
Cotton raised, iii, 80
Cotton- weaving, ii, 536
Cottonwood, Cal., ii, 195
Coues, Elliott, ii, 174, 190, 200,
666-667
Council Bluffs, Iowa, iv, 589
Council of the Indies, ii, 302,
307, 312, 313, 605, 606
Council of Fathers and officers
at Port of Monterey, ii, 43,
44, 53, 56;-at Santa Delfina,
43-45 ;-at Monterey, iii, 148,
152
Council, First Plenary of Bal-
timore, iv, 624, 697, 732
Council, Seventh Provincial of
Baltimore, iv, 665-666
Council of Trent, ii, 644;-iii,
43;-iv, 599-600, 625
Council of War, ii, 117, 121
Councils of the Church on
knowledge of people's lan-
guages, iii, 608-609
Couriers, ii, 319, 450;-iii, 507
Court of appeals lacking, iv,
50, 93, 103;-decreed, 127;-or-
ganized, 390
Court of Madrid, ii, 392
Courtesy of the friars, ii, 640;-
iii, 212;-iv, 22, 385-386
Courtesy of Mason and Halleck
towards priests, iv, 586, 598
Court-martial, farcical, iii, 295-
304
Court, U. S. District, decisions
on Church property, iv, 746-
771
Covarrubias, Fr. Jose Maria,
iv, 721 ;-autograph, 721
Covarrubias, Jose Maria, Pico's
secretary, iv, 435, 443, 450;-
leases Mission Santa Ines,
459;-purchases same, 508
Cowl, jealousy of the, ii, 406
Coyoehte, Coyehete, ii, 623, 682
Coyote Rancho, iii, 658
Coyotes, wolves, etc., iii, 81
Coyle, Rev. Francis, iv, 627.
685
Index
27
Cradle, or native land, iv, 411,
417, see Nativism
Craziest dream, ii, 266
Crazy legislation, ii, 331-^^5
Credit due the missionaries, iii,
405
Credit due the neophytes, iv,
464
Creditors of the ex-missions,
iv, 363, 364, 367, 377, 433, 434,
440, 496, 502
Creditors after Pico, not after
Missions, iv, 503, 505, 507
Creek, San Francisquito, ii,
141-142
Cremating their dead, Indians,
ii, 156
Crespi, Fr. Juan, ii, 12, 15;-first
to baptize in California, 29;-
his diary, 23, 153;-zeal, 29;-in
sight of Pt. Reyes, 50;-mys-
tified, 56;-chaplain, 145-153;-at
Dolores, 326;-death, 326;-
ment., 24-27, 63, 65-66, 72, 73,
78, 85, 89, 93-99, 100, 104,
129, 179, 181, 206, 207, 229,
240, 245, 246, 402, 620;-iv, 814
Crespo, Manuel^ iiit 351;-iv, 5,
33, 51. 54
Crime >of the 19th century, iii,
515-532
Crime, real, of the friars, iii,
662-663
Crime, real, of Victoria, iii, 402
Criminal action of Pio Pico,
iv, 504-505
Criminal offenses punished by
the military, ii, 275
Criminally stupid blunder, ii,
352
Cristianos, Los, ii, 28-29
Crist6bal Oramas, Fr., unwar-
ranted fiction about, iv, 810-
812
Cristobal, pilot, ii, 157
Cristophoro, neophyte, iii, 586
Critics, high-salaried, begrudge
friars a pittance, ii, 523-529
Critics, malicious, ii, 246, 266,
274-277 ;-iii, 639, 645;-iv, 746
Criticism of La P^rouse, ii,
675-678
Croix, Carlos Francisco, Mar-
ques de, viceroy, ii, 3-4, 7,
65, 80, 82, 84, 94, 293, 656,
659
Croix, Teodoro de, comandante-
general, ii, 289;-appeals • to
king against viceroy's decis-
ion, 290;-writes to Fr. Serra,
293-294 ;-refuses permit to con-
firm, 308;-delays royal order,
351;-plans overthrow of Mis-
sion system, 351-352 ;-his folly
and bloody consequences,
352-357 ;-promoted, 405;-ment.,
291, 295, 301-317, 327, 328,
335, 355-357, 361, 365, 371,
375, 382, 390, 391, 410;-auto-
graph, vol. i, 524
Croke, Rev. J., iv, 696
Cronin, Sister Mary Joseph, iv,
714
Cross, erected at Carm^lo, ii,
57;-Monterey, 58, 72;-San Juan
Capistrano, 169, 214;-Port
Santiago, 322;-Puerto de los
Remedios, 159;-removed by
Indians, 159;-inscription on,
147-148;-at Point Lobos, 143,
165, 180;-San Francisquito
Creek, 142, 180;-Cerro de San
Francisco Solano, 492;-Las
Pozas, 492;-Trinidad, 155;-
Punta de Martires, 157-158;-
Paso Robles, 160;-Santa
Clara, 216
Cross, The, in the procession
of the Missions, ii, 220
Crouch, John Henry, iv, 224
Crowding redskins to the wall,
iv, 652
Cruel treatment of Indians at
hands of comisionados, iii,
591;-under M. Vallejo, 306;-
cruel murders of Indians by
soldiers, 201
Cruelty of settlers towards In-
dians, iv, 111-112, 650, 652
Cruelty, false charge of, against
friars, ii, 277, 508;-iii, 484
Crusaders, iii, 620-621
Crushing argument against
Goycoechea, ii, 577-578
Cruz, Dona, (with Chico), iv,
19
Cruzada, Bula de la, or dis-
pensations from abstinence,
iii, 160-162
Cruzado, Fr. Antonio, assigned
to San Buenaventura, ii, 84-
85;-at San Gabriel, 93;-per-
28
Index
mitted to retire, 128;-at San
Gabriel, 177. 215
Cuadro of a Mission, ii, 559
Cuartillo, liquid measure, ii,
555, 557
Cuatro Aspirantes, iv, 112
Cuatro Indigenas, iv, 8-11, 12
Cuba, ii, 296
Cucamonga, iii, 38-39
Cuchillones Indians, ii, 503, 507
Cuculla, Fr. Francisco, iii, 407-
409
Cuera, soldados de, or leather
jacket soldiers, ii, 23
Cure-all, modern, ii, 266, 270
Cueros de Venado, rancho, iv,
308
Cueva, Pedro de, ii, 611-612
Cuevas, Louis, Minister, to Fr.
Duran, iv, 429;-warns Pico
of war, 473;-directs recruits
to be enlisted, 475
Cuesta, Fr. Felipe Arroyo de la,
offers aid, iii, '19;-predica-
ment, 225-226 ;-visits sick on
stretcher, 290;-author of In-
dian dictionary, 611;-auto-
graph, 226
Cuia, rancheria, ii, 679
Culiacan, iv, 121, 521, 673
Cultivated Indian land given to
outsiders, iii, 386
Culto divino, iii, 531;-iv, 42, 275,
315, 488
Cumuchi, Indian chief, iv, 315
Cupidity in Mexico and Califor-
nia, iii, 520;-of paisano chiefs,
iv, 637
Curacies, unlawfully estab-
lished by assembly, iii, 530-
531;-of no significance to
friars, 545-546 ;-very name to
be avoided, 580;-iv. 459
Curbing needed by Neve, ii, 363
Curiel, Bernardo, iii, 286
Curious communication, iv, 420-
422
Cursum consumavi, fidem ser-
vavi, etc., ii, 400
Custody, Franciscan, see vol. i
for meaning
Custody, organized, ii, 319
Custody of San Carlos, ii, 392;-
of San Gabriel, ibidem.
Custom dues, iii, 133;-paid by
Bishop Diego, iv, 246-247
Custom, irreverent, iv, 153
Customhouse revenues, iv, 84,
135
Cutucho, rancheria, ii, 623
Cyane, The, U. S. sloop, iv,
551, 561
Cypress Point, ii, 41
D
Daily Mission routine, ii, 253-
254, 448-449, 559-561 ;-iii, 263
Dakota, State of, iv, 377, 533
Daly, Sister Mary Xavier, iv,
714
Dana, Richard Henry, on the
paisanos, iii, 131;-on Bandini,
513;-arrived at Santa Bar-
bara, 541;-on the friars, 541;-
on secularization, 540-542;-
ment, 413
Dana, William Goodwin, alcalde
at Santa Barbara, iv, 36;-signs
petition for Bishop Diego,
234;- on San Luis Obispo, 637
Dances, Indian, at Missions, ii,
30, 36, 148, 192, 559
Daniel, Rev. Anthony, S. J.,
iv, 11
Danti, Fr. Antonio, arrives, ii,
453;-overscrupulous, 488;-with
expedition, 492, 495;-in dis-
tress, 499-500;-ment., 506, 507,
597;-iii, 265 ;-autograph, ii, 488
Danzarines Indians, ii, 136
Darien, Bishop of, ii, 245
Dating, fraudulent, by Pio Pico,
iv, 504-505, 760-767
Davalos, Rev. Miguel, ii, 325,
370
Davalos, surgeon, ii, 157
David, King of Israel, iv, 420
Davis, Daniel C, iv, 591
Day, Mrs. F. H., iv, 35
Day, St. Francis's, at the Mis-
sions, iii, 44;-St. Michael's, 44
Deacons, the first ordained in
California, iv, 257-258
Dead, Office of the, ii, 170
Dead and wounded at San Pas-
cual, iv, 573
Dearth of priests, iv, 88-89, 391,
395, 409, 612-613, 618
Death, belief of California In-
dians, ii, 238
Index
29
Death of boatswain, ii, 146;-of
Bucareli, 295-296, 324;-of Fr.
Crcspi, 326;-Fr. Garces, 353;-
Fr. Font, 190;-Fr. Jaume, 169;-
Fr. Lasuen, 596;-Fr. Murguia,
399;-Neve, 357, 405;-Fr. No-
cedal, 320;-Fr. Palou, 480;-
Capt. Perez, 166;-Rivera, 354;-
Romeu, 456;-Bishop Rouset,
644;-Fr. Serra, 402;-iii, Rev.
Bachelot, 652;-Bishop Ber-
nardo, 251;-Fr. Calzada, 47;-
Fr. Cipres, 47;-Fr. Dumetz,
47;-Gov. Figueroa, 539;-Fr.
Gil y Taboada, 129, 466;-Fr.
Ibanez, 47;-Fr. Jaime, 277;-
Fr. Landaeta, 47;-Fr. Miguel,
47;-Fr. Panto, 47;-Fr. Pay-
eras, 171-172;-Fr. Quintana,
12-16;-Fr. Urresti, 47;-Fr.
Uria, 466, 568;-Fr. Jose San-
chez, 451;-Fr. Sarria, 568-571;-
Fr. Senan, 173, 181;-Fr. Ta-
pis, 221;-iv, Fr. Abella, 279;-
Fr. Arroyo, 120;-Fr. Cabal-
lero, O. P., 238, 259;-Fr. P.
Cabot, 79;-Bishop Diego, 516;-
Fr. Estenaga, 618;-Fr. Fortuni,
120;-Fr. Godayol, 476;-Her-
rera, Mex. President, 670;-
Fr. Ibarra, 279;-Fr. J. J.
Jimeno, 719-720;-Fr. Martin,
120;-Fr. Juan Moreno, 364,
412;-Fr. Rafael Moreno, 120;-
Fr. Oliva, 618;-Fr. Ordaz,
686;-Pico's mother, 464;-Pio
Pico, lll;-Hijar, 389;-Fr. Vic-
toria, 79;-Fr. Zalvidea, 525-
526
Deathbed, appeal from, by
Bishop Diego, iv, 513-514
Deathbed scene of the Mis-
sions, iv, 495-501
Death warrant for the Mis-
sions, iv, 373-375, 445-450,
462
Death warrant, political, of Pio
Pico, iv, 445-450, 636
Deaths from scurvy, ii, 12-14;-
from cholera, iv, 696
Debts of the Missions, iv, 438-
440
Decadence of Lower Califor-
nia, iii, 274
Decay of Missions begins with
emancipation, iii, 241, 559-560
De-Christianization of boys at
bottom of Mexico's disor-
ders, iv, 714
Decision of Mexican prelates
on Bula Cruzada privileges,
iii, 161
Decision of U. S. Land Com-
mission on Church property,
iv, 733-745 ;-of U. S. District
Court on Mission property,
746-771
Declaration of independence of
the Castro and Alvarado con-
federates, iv, 55-56
Decrease of Indian population,
causes, iv, 320-322
Decree, royal, September 15th,
1713, on rights of Indians, ii,
517-518
Decree, royal, Nov. 9th, 1773,
on Church Asylum, ii, 668-
669
Decree, royal, July 23d, 1793,
on teaching Spanish to In-
dians, ii, 472
Decree, royal, January 22d,
1804, on a Papal Brief, ii,
605-607
Decree of Spanish Cortes, Sep-
tember 13th, 1813, seculariz-
ing Missions, iii, 95-97, 101,
320-321, 348, 520
Decree against Spaniards by
Mexican Congress, March
20th, 1829, iii, 274
Decree by Mexican Congress,
August 17th, 1833, seculariz-
ing Missions, iii, 518-520 ;-iv,
210
Decree against religious Or-
ders by Mexican Congress,
November 6th, 1833, iii, 516-
517
Decree, supplementary, by
Mexican Congress, April
16th, 1834, iii, 521
Decree (illegal) of seculariza-
tion, by California assembly
and Gov. Figueroa, August
9th, 1834, iii, 523-530
Decree (illegal), supplementary
of California assembly, No-
vember 4th, 1834, iii. 530-532
Decree of Mexican (jongrress,
I November 7th, 1835, repeal-
30
Index
ing Figueroa's decree, iv, 6,
209, 210
Decree of Mexican Congress
erecting the Californias into
, a diocese, September 19th,
1836, iv, 90-91, 186
Decree of President Santa
Anna, February 8th, 1842,
taking charge of Pious Fund
Estates, iv, 242-243
Decree of Santa Anna, Octo-
ber 24th, 1842, confiscating
the Pious Fund Estates, iv,
244
Decree of Gov. Micheltorena,
March 26th, 1843, restoring
Missions to friars, iv, 272-276
Decree of Santa Anna, June
21st, 1843, admitting Jesuits,
iv, 282-283
Decree of Mexican Congress,
April 3d, 1845, restoring
Pious Fund to California
Bishop, iv, 434
Decree (illegal) of Pico as-
sembly, May 28th, 1845,
leasing and alienating Mis-
sions, iv, 373-375, 431, 433,
444, 445, 499, 743, 769, 772
Decree (illegal) of Pio Pico
for the sale of Missions,
October 28th, 1845, iv, 445-
450, 455, 743, 769
Decrees of First Ecclesiastical
Synod of California, March
19-23, 1852, iv, 692-693, 802-
804
Decree of Second Ecclesiasti-
cal Synod, iv, 713
Decrees of Mexican usurpers
against Religion, iv, 794-797
Dedication of College at Santa
Barbara, iv, 707
Deer, elks, antelopes seen, ii,
203;-at San Francisco Bay, 52
Defamers of missionaries, ii,
584-585
Defended, Missions, ii, 552-581;-
iii, 660-663
Defense of Fr. Martinez, iii,
296-299
Defense not needed by friars,
iv, 804
Definidores or councillors, ii,
606
Degrading position of mission-
aries, iii, 583;-iv, 49
Degrading reglamento, ii, 423
Degrading, whipping not so re-
garded by Indians, ii, 275,
see Flogging.
Degrees farthest north of
Spaniards, ii, 322
Delaware Indians, iv, 447-478,
569, 575
Delaware whipping post, ii, 276
Deleisseques, Olivier, iv, 507
Delegate to Mexican Congress,
see Congress
Delight of Dominicans, iv, 707-
708
Delight of neophytes at Me-
morias, iii, 647
Delmas, Rev. John Mary A.,
iv, 628, 683, 685
Demagogues opposed to the
friars, iii, 566
Demand, unreasonable, of Sola,
iii, 135
Demands for permit to retire,
ii, 424
Demands for supplies, iii, 35;-
endless, 128-129, 166-167, 223-
228;-of paisano chiefs, 344-
345, 374;-specimen demands,
iii, 554-556 ;-iv, 133-135 ;-un-
reasonable, iii, 188
Demented Fr. Horra, ii, 508
Demers, Rt. Rev. Modestus, iv,
613-614
Demokrat, San Francisco, Ger-
man Daily's absurd story, iv,
806
Demoralization of emancipat-
ed Indians, iv, 110-111, 639-
640
Den, Nicholas August, leases
Mission Santa Barbara, iv,
460;-ment., 234, 456, 457, 684
Den, Richard, purchases Santa
Barbara Mission, iv, 508;-
ment., 725
Department of Lower Califor-
nia, salaries, ii, 123
Depravity, moral, iv, 34-35
Depredations of Indians exag*
gerated, iv, 644-654
Depredations of savages and
emancipated Indians, iii, 38,
81;-iv, 638-643
Index
31
Depredations of paisano troop-
ers, iv, 360-361
Description of Cal. coast, ii,
660-662
Descubierta, The, or Santa
Justa, ii, 439-440
Deserting sailors flogged, ii,
157
Deserting soldiers, ii, 90, 106-
107, 111, 120
Desert travelers perish, ii, 135
De Smet, Rev. Peter John, S. J.,
iv, 689
Destitute soldiers, iii, 17, 36,
66-67, 83-84, 123
Destroyers of Missions, pupils
of Voltaire, iv, 791
Destroying property, friars
falsely accused, iii, 556-557
Destruction Island, ii, 158
Destruction of Mission San
Diego, ii, 169
Destruction of vineyards, iii,
661 ;-iv, 5
Destruction wrought by con-
fiscation, iv, 107-116
Detachment of the friars, ii,
458-459, 594;-iii, 439, 548-550,
552
Detaining converts at Missions,
reasons for, ii, 271, see Run-
aways
Detrimental trade regulations,
ii, 436-437
Dialects, Indian, ii, 227, 252-
253
Diaries or iournals, ii, 15, 23,
141-144, 153, 177
Diario del Gobierno, iii, 660
Diary of Fr. Juan Crespi, ii,
23 ;-of Fr. Pedro Font, 177;-
of Fr. Thomas de la Pefia,
153;-of Fr. Francisco Pal6u,
141-144
Diatribe of paisano chiefs
against friars, iii, 366-369;-
of Hitt^ll, 462
Diaz, Benito, iv, 65, 508, 727,
759-766
Diaz, Rev. Cristobal, ii, 34
Diaz, Fr. Juan, ii, 135-137, 352,
Diaz, Porfirio, President of
Mexico, iv, 795
Diego, Fr. Garcia, sends four
friars to California, iii, 407;-
with eight friars at San Bias,
iii, 442;-in Lower California,
442-444 ;-arrives at Monterey,
420, 445;-meets Fr. Duran,
447;-at Santa Clara, 452-453;-
opposes flogging, 455-456 ;-on
Vallejo's complaints, 459-460;-
suspends Fr. Mercado, 461-
462;-reinstates Fr. Mercado,
462;-on secularizing Missions,
486-488 ;-ignores impertinent
assembly decree, 531 ;-con-
sults Fr. Duran, 578, 605;-me-
morial to governor, 578-580;-
appeal from Fr. Quijas, 581-
589;-complains about admin-
istrators, 594-595 ;-attends dy-
ing Figueroa, 599;-report on
Figueroa's death, 604-605 ;-
gives Confirmation, 606;-de-
parts for Mexico, 605-606;-
ment., 473, 494-496, 577, 590,
659-661 ;-iv, goes to Mexico,
68, 186;-report on Figueroa,
69-72; -memorial to Govt., 83-
90,. 98;-successful, 186-187;-
informe or report, 187-189;-
presides at college chapter,
213;-ment., 79-80, 122;-named
Bishop of the Californias,
189-191 ;-Bull of appointment,
195-201 ;-takes oath, 201;-con-
secrated, 202;-first pastoral
202, 186;-signature, 203;-noti-
fies Fr. Duran and Gov. Al-
varado, 203 ;-appoints agent
for Pious Fund, 204;-memor-
ial to Mexican President, 204-
209;-visits Guadalupe, 213-
214;-fails to secure priests,
221-223 ;-desires Jesuits, 222;-
obtains two Zacatecans, 222;-
voyage to California, 224-
226;-arrives at S. Diego, 226;-
his attendants, 226-228 ;-con-
fers Confirmation and Minor
Orders, 228;-goes to Santa
Barbara, 229-236;-his clergy,
237-238: -pastoral, 239-240;-
Pious Fund taken away, 242-
245;-pastoral on tithes, 246;-
pays tonnage, 246-247 ;-circu-
lar on tithes, 247-248 ;-abused
by Vallejo, 249-250 ;-embar-
rassed, 245-247, 251-257, 256-
257;-appeals to Mex. Govt.,
32
Index
253-255;- Pious Fund returned,
256, 403-404iH9rdiinB first
priests, 2S7-258;-Confirmation
tour, 2S9;-names Patron
Saints, 259-261 ; -founds sem-
inary, 261-263; - Confirmation
tour, 263-26?; -seeks to secure
title to Church property, 264-
265;-takes oath with clergy,
282;-dispute with Fr. Quljas,
298-305 ;-congratuIates Pico,
336;-leaves Monterey without
priest, 391 ;-to Micheltorena,
394-396 ;-disheartened, 398-400;
-correspondence with Mex,
Govt., 401-402 ;-orders public
prayers, 406;-representation to
Mex. Presid., 40?-410;-cirdains
priests, 412;-on marriage be-
fore secula.rs, 415-416;-on na-
tionalism and politics, 417-
419;-extend3 Fr. Mercado's
faculties, 424-427 [-refuses to
misapply funds, 441-442;-
places Rev. G6mez at S. Luis
Obispo, 513-514;-appoints FF.
Duran and Riibio vicars-g'en-
eral, 514-5I6;-his death and
burial, S16-518;-his
519;-what hasten
530-521 ;-ment., 176,
330, 427, 439. 523.
669, 672, 682, 684,
769. 792, 793, 816;-
262
Diegueiios Indians, ii, 170
Diezmo or tithes introduced, iv,
239-240, 246, 608
Diezmo source of revenue to
king, ill, 133
Difference between Mission and
Reservation, iv, 656-657
Difference betw. Religious and
their enemies, iii, 616-620
Difference between savage and
Mission Indians, iii, 40S;-iv,
141-142;-iv, 532-534
Difficulties encountered by
friars, u, 227, 244. 252-253,
274, 282, see Friars, Mission-
Digger Indians, ii, 224, 226;-iv,
652
Dilatavit infernus os suum, iii,
517
Dilemma of Fr. Garcia, ii, 194,
Dinner with savages, ii, 156
Diocese of California erected,
iv, 90, 186;-state of, 391, 397-
401
Diocese of Sonora, ii. 541;-ir,
196
Dios y Libertad, origin of, iii,
209;-used by FF. Suner,
Peiri, Mansilla, 278-279
Diplomatic relations broken oflf,
iv. 473
Diputacion, or legislative as-
sembly, iii, 169;-iv, 51
Disagree, Vallejo and Alvarado,
iv, 125
Disagreeable necessity, man-
agement of temporalities, ii,
383-385
Disagreeable remonstrances, iv,
95-96
Disappointment of neophytes,
iii, 647
Discalced religious, iii, 96
Disciples of Voltaire, iv, 580,
782, 784
Discipline, military, and Val-
lejo, iv, 96
Discontent of Indians, iii, 210-
2n;-iv, 17-18
Discord betw. ecclesiastics and
the military, ii, 348-349
Discord among paisano chiefs
and followers, iv, 485-494,
557
Discount, heavy, iii. 560-561
Discouraging letters, iii, 370-
371;-iii, 162-164
Discoverer of San Francisco
Bay, ii, 51
Discoveries on northwest coast,
ii, 3, 147-160
Discovery of gold, iv, 609-610
Discovery of Monterey an-
nounced in Mexico, ii, 79
Discovery, The, ii, 469-470
Discrepancies in dates, iv, 276
Discretory, ii, 377, 382, 405 [-se-
rious error of, 481-482
Discritos or college councillors,
ii, 382. 597, 6S;-iii. 465;-iv,
213. 722
Discrimination, unjust, iii, 193;-
iv, 135
Index
33
Diseases, Indian, causes of, ii,
237-238, 608-610, 63i;-iv, 321,
see Galico
Disgraceful state of things, iii,
331
Disgust of the people, iv, 483
Disheartened missionaries, ii,
383-390, 531;-iii, 226, 228-231,
233, 234, 374-377 ;-iv, 297-298,
378-379
Dishonorably taking advantage
of Indian helplessness, iii, 386
Disillusioned missionaries, ii, 286
Disinterestedness of the friars,
ii, 347, 379, 466-467 ;-iii, 114-
117, 344, 420, 548-550
Disloyalty, charge of, resented,
iv, 419
Disobedient legislators, iv, 15-
16
Disorderly soldiers, iv, 485;-due
to Pico and Castro, 423
Disorders in Mexico, iv, 109,
794-799
Disorders liable to occur, ii,
275
Disorders due to Neve's med-
dling, ii, 340-344
Dispensation from abstinence,
ii, 592;-iii, 160
Dispute between Ft. Serra and
Neve, ii, 338;-between Bishop
Diego and Fr. Quijas, iv, 298-
305
Disputes between missionaries
and the military, ii, 104-105,
196-197, 603-608 ;-how to avoid
them, 415
Disregard for human life, ii,
240-241;-for Indian rights,
516-520
Disrespect of soldiers for
priests, ii, 183, see Soldiers
Dissensions among Mexicans
under Flores, iv, 575-576
Dissolute soldiers cause of dis-
orders, iii, 35;-iv, 485
Distance required between Mis-
sion and colony, ii, 515
Distance betw. San Gabriel and
the Colorado, ii, 317
Distress in the Missions, ii,
lOOHii, 74-76
Distribution of missionaries, ii,
85, 215;-iii, 452
Distribution of rentals, iv, 468-
469
Districts, territorial, iv, 390
Dividing line betw. Upper and
Lower California, ii, 598
Divine Office, ii, 560
Divine Worship and genuine
Christians, iii, 579;-amount
granted for, 531;-deemed ex-
cessive, 578-579
Division, unjust, of Mission
lands, iii, 392-393
Dixon's Channel, ii, 149
Doctor Pedro Prat, ii, 9, 83
Doctrina or religious instruc-
tions, ii, 83, 252, 254^255, 283,
401;-in Spanish a folly, 553;-
in Indian, iii, 42-43 ;-ment.,
263, 472, 623
Doctrinas or Indian pueblos, ii,
345;-iv, 301
Doctrineros, iv, 301
Document buried at Carmelo, ii,
57-58;-at Point Lobos, 165
Document, precious, iv, 42-50
Documentos of Pio Pico, iv,
366, 368, 386, 441
Dole, William P., iv, 654
Dolor de costado, ii, 613
Dolores, Arroyo de los, ii, 181;-
Laguna de los, ii, 204
Dolores, Mexico, ii, 648
Dolores Mission, San Francis-
co, ii, 209-281 ;- Vancouver at,
469;-procession at, 322;-iv,
296, 615, 715, 775
Dolores River, ii, 62
Dolores, Nuestra Senora de los.
River, ii, 681
Domestic infelicity of Fages,
ii, 408, 415, 422
Dominguez, Juan Jose, iii, 646
Dominguez, Manuel, iii, 252;-
iv, 280
Dominicans receive Lower Cal.,
ii, 102, 108, 127;-dispute with
Neve, 287;-ment., 453, 456;-at
Benicia, iii, 408;-iv, in Low.
Cal., 188, 219, 521, 516, 676;-
rejoice at founding of Fran-
ciscan college, 707-708 ;-ment.,
241, 259, 294, 603, 604, 686,
700
Dominican chapter, Rome, iv,
666
Dominican province and novi-
tiate established, iv, 692
Dominican Sisters, first, in Cal-
ifornia, iv, 682, 688-690
34
Index
Dominus det vobis pacem, ii,
472;-iii, 447
Donados or Tertiaries Regular,
iii, 52
Donations forced, iii, 70, 117-
119, 123-129, 167-168;-volun-
tary, 70;-to Gov. Sola, iii, 158
Donations to Fr. Serra, ii, 126
Donativo or war contributions,
ii, 465-466, 647
Donors of Pious Fund, iv, 242
Don Quixote of Cal., iv, 430,
781
Dos Palabritas, iv, 8-13
Dos Pueblos, Indian villages,
ii, 37 ;-iii, 201
Doubct, Rev. Peter Joseph, iv,
627, 685
Doyle, John T., edition of Pa-
lou's Noticias, ii, 65, 148, 404;-
in "Century," 471 ;-iv, 695, 733
Doyle, Sister Mary Sebastian,
iv, 697
Drafts for supplies, ii, 591;-iii,
19, 36;-unpaid, 69-73 ^worth-
less, 124-125, 135, 138, 140,
167, 210, 235, 314, 454;-amount
due, 115, 171, 338
Drake's Bay, ii, 7, 50, 55, 661
Drawback to history, ii, 458-459
Dreary toil at Missions, ii, 498
Dreadful sufferings, ii, 45
Dress of Indian neophytes, ii,
262-263, 556-557 ;-of savages,
15, 33, 193, 228
Drouth, iii, 165
Drunkenness, iii, 132-133 ;-iv,
110, 637. 650
Duarte, Mariano, iii, 317, 354
Duggan, Sister Mary Clare, iv,
714
Dugout at Carmelo, ii, 163-165
Dullness of Indians, ii, 252-255,
266, 532
Dumetz, Fr. Francisco, arrives,
ii, 84;-assigned, 85, 89;-per-
suades deserters to return,
90;-goes to Lower California
for supplies, 100, 104, 164;-at
San Carlos, 104, 299;-wel-
comcs Fr. Palou, 129;-goes to
San Antonio, 171;-authorized
to confirm, 455;-first mission-
ary of San Fernando, 496;-
ment., 146, 178, 185
Dumiel, Rev. John, at San
Rafael, iv, 690
Du Monteil, Rev. John Caspar,
C. SS. CC, iv, 627, 685
Duplicity of Echeandia, iii, 260-
261, 394
Duran, Jose Maria, Acting Min-
ister of Eccl. Affairs, iv, 672-
673
Duran, Fr. Narciso, ii, 642, 645;-
iii, expedition to Sacramento
River, 27;-at founding of San
Rafael, 31;-at Mission San
Jose, 165-166, 188 and after;-
named presidente, 207;-corre-
spondence with FF. Sarria
and Tapis, 217-221 ;-ref uses
oath, 222-223 ;-complains of
burdens on Indians, 188, 225,
236;-term expires, 249;-con-
soles Fr. Sanchez, 250;-pro-
poses Bishop, 263, 494-495;-
report, 264;-refuses order of
Echeandia, 222, 268;-his age,
272;-to Mexican Presid., 281;-
elected presidente, 307, 329,
408;-to Mex. President, 304,
328-334;-loathes to stay, 330,
410;-to Echeandia, 336-337;-
declines aid till soldiers are
succored, 337-338 ;-proposes
Missions east, 341-342, 493-
494;-to be banished, 307,344;-
on Victoria, 361 ;-comments
on Echeandia*s scheme, 379-
342 ;-circular on emancipation,
374;-to Fr. Peiri, 410-411;-
demands passport, 412;-un-
masks Echeandia and clique,
421-441 ;-love for College, 499;-
at Santa Barbara, 452;-circu-
lar on Zacatecans, 447-452;-
welcomes Figueroa, 447;-on
transfer of Missions, '453-454;
-visits south, 477-480 ;-on In-
dians at Los Angeles, 477-
479;-presidente and vice-
comisario prefecto, 465-466;-
on Figueroa's Reglamento,
480-481 ;-circular on Regla-
mento, 481;-reply to Figue-
roa*s secularization plan, 488-
495;-on northern Missions,
538-540 ;-laconic remark on
Mex. decree, 517 ;-f eels for
the friars, 542-543 ;-circular
for case of death, 542-548;-
Latin circular, 548-550;-eager
Index
35
to drop temporalities, 520,
S51-552;-to be banished, 565;-
on wine and brandy, 571;-of-
fended by Fr. Ordaz, 573-
576;-indignant at charge of
disloyalty, 573;-appealed to
by Figueroa, 553-555 ;-vicario
foraneo, 573;-meets Fr. Diego,
578;-accepts Very Rev. Bache-
lot, 651;-warned by assem-
bly, 659;-ment., 106, 156, 179,
181, 184, 247, 273, 288, 407-
409, 420, 45J, 486, 496, 498,
516, 532, 538, 577, 584, 598,
601, 605, 660-661 ;-iv, difficul-
ties with Chico, 21-30 ;-or-
dcred banished by Chico, 36-
39 ;-f earless statement, 21-29;-
his writings, 42, 50; -on Di-
vine Worship, 42-50;-his pop-
ularity, 60-65 ;-saves Califor-
nia from war, 64-65 ;-comi-
sario prefecto, 79, 396, 521;-
takes oath with friars, 15, 80-
81 ;-appalling description, 98-
117;-why rudely treated by
Vallejo, 97, in-^ll, 781-782;-
congratulates Alvarado, 76;-
urges Fr. Diego to proceed to
Mexico, 68;-his affection for
Fr. Rtibio, 80, 116-1 17 ;-way
to satisfy colonists, 107-108;-
vicario forineo, 120;-in charge
of Santa Barbara, 150-151,
157-159;-report on San Ga-
briel and San Luis Rey, 162-
163, 179-180;-wants to leave
Cal., 113, 116, 118, 158-159,
163;-on Alvarado's new Reg-
lamentos, 147, 170-177;-re-
fuses fixed income, 175-176;-
ill at Aguirre's, 174;-incensed
at Pio Pico, 159-160, 179-
182;-proposes Bishop, 186;-
directs friars to submit to
Bishop, 238-239;-acts for
Bishop, 258;-circular on re-
stored Missions, 277-279 ;-in-
dignant protest, 293;-report of
1844, pp. 322-324 ;-declines to
cooperate with Pico in sale
of Missions, 346, 347, 351,
354, 368, 385. 443;-on Pico's 5
articles, 340-351; -deceived,
368-384 ;-conf esses his error,
384-385 ;-misjudges Fr. Este-
naga, 365-367 ;-his Six Arti-
cles, 431-432;-his solicitude
for neophytes, 62-64, 91, 118,
383, 454-455, 458, 464, 466-469;-
defends Indian rights, 12-15,
SO, 83, 107, 118-119, 185-186,
523-524 ;-strange circular, 354-
355;-offended and appeased,
386-387;-on Hijar's death,
389;-on liberty to Indians,
382-383 ;-disgusted, yet loves,
452-454;-resents charge of dis-
loyalty, 419;-appeals to Mex-
ican Govt., 428-429 ;-aroused
about sale of Mission, 465-
466;-too candid toward secu-
lar officials, 386;-to Pico on
Pious Fund, 436-441 ;-circular
on delivering Missions, 382;-
to Pico on transfer of Mis-
sion Santa Barbara, 457-458;-
on rentals, 461-463, 468-469;-
invited to join Pico's junta,
489;-last letter, 468-469 ;-yields
San Luis Obispo to Bishop,
513;-illness and death, 489,
522;-character of, 522-523 ;-a
Godsend, 523 ;-esteemed by
Superiors and people, 523-
524;-abused by Alvarado, 784-
789;-on land grants of Alva-
rado, 789;-orders collection
for Propagation of Faith, 789-
790;-ment., 20, 39, 82, 107,
121, 122, 144, 174, 203, 229,
236-237, 265, 273, 282, 295,
296, 299, 301, 336, 337, 353,
377, 380, 381, 386, 440, 463,
484, 514-515, 516-518, 596, 672,
673, 703, 706, 776, 793, 815;-
autograph, iii, 335.
Durango, ii, 292;-iii, 151, 159;-
iv, 196. 283, 518, 793
Duruy, Victor, iii, 629
Duties paid by Missions, iii,
140-141
Duty shirked, iv, 391, 395
Dwindle, John W,, iii, 320,
531;-iv, 657
Dying "Mission Giant," iv, 286
Eagueya, rancheria, ii, 623
Earnings and stipends of friars
used for neophytes, ii, 248,
36
Index
459, 461, 466, 540, 577-579,
636Hii, 114-115, 393-394, 420,
434-435, 556
Earthly medicine refused by
Fr. Serra, ii, 397
Earthquakes, ii, 30-33 ;-year of,
iii, 16
Easter Duty, ii, 543;-iii, 316-
317
Ecclesiastical conference in
Mexico, iii, 161
Ecclesiastical head of both Cal-
ifornias, iv, 186
Ecclesiastical jurisdiction, inde^
pendence of, iv, 44-47
Ecclesiastical privileges, iv,
724;-property, see Church
property
Ecclesiastical Synod, first, Cal-
ifornia, iv, 693, 732, 802-804
Eccleston, Most Rev. Samuel,
Archb. of Baltimore, iv, 665-
666, 731
Echeandia, Jose Maria de, in-
solent demand, iii, 222, 236;-
false report, 225, 241;-bcgins
"reforms,** 224;-pro p o s e s
"emancipating** neophytes,
239-241 ;-d em a nds oath of
friars, 237, 243;-Moctezuma
for California, 252;-wants Fr.
Sarria exiled, 267-269 ;-arrests
and exiles Fr. Martinez, 280-
305;-successor named, 321-
323f 327;-on schools, 325-326,
397-399 ;-usurpation, 334;-plans
to confiscate Missions, 320,
322-323, 347-353, 383-384, 417-
418, 504;-governor in south,
366, 4l5;-arms Indians, 416;-
bando reviewed by Fr. Du-
ran, 422-441 ;-deceives Indians,
434-435, 437;-distorts law of
1813, p. 467;-departs, 471;-
ment., 223-224, 234-235, 251-
254, 259-262, 268, 269, 273-277,
282-288. 290-291, 303-307, 316-
'328, 333, 343-344, 346-347,
353, 365, 373, 377, 383, 389, 412,
417, 419, 421, 445, 451, 454,
466, 467, 470, 471, 484, 492,
502, 503, 523, 536, 538, 540,
556, 559-560, 566, 576-577, 594,
598, 612, 629, 631;-iy, hombre
vicioso, 105;-hi8 Indian eman-
cipation, 1()0;-Echeandia, Fi-
gueroa and Pico, 375-376;-
cause of disorders, 306-307,
310;-animosity to friars, 637;-
ment., 8, 13, 17, 32, 116, 252,
286, 376, 378, 420, 466, 504,
596, 816;-autograph, iii, 348
Echeveria, Agustin de, ii, 370
Echeveste, Juan Jose, ii, 121,
132;-Reglamento, 279-281,285,
288-290, 327, 335
Ecuador, ii, 160
Ecsaa, rancheria, ii, 623
Edgecombe Mt., ii, 159
Edict of Chico on Indians, iv,
17
Education, ii, 242-244; -true and
false, 266-267 ;-means to end,
272;-higher in Indian schools
a failure, 271-272 ;-suitable and
not suitable, 270-274;-Borica*s
idea, 475;-Micheltorena*s idea,
332-334;-in 1846, p. 485
Educators, modern, ill in-
formed on Indians* needs, ii,
274 •
Effects of conciliatory policy,
iv, 596
Effects of French infidelity, iii,
543;-of Indian emancipation,
434-435, see Emancipation ;-
of secularization in Sonora,
392;-in California, see Secu-
larization ;-of revolts in Mex-
ico, 16-21 ;-of reading Vol-
taire, iv, 777f see Voltaire
Egenal, iii, 143
Egepam, iii, 143
Egidos or vacant lots, iii, 474,
476
Eguren, Francisco, iv, 481
Ehiaja, rancheria, ii, 623
Eizarch, Fr. Tom as, ii, 174, 176,
189,-^ 193
El Cajon or Santa Monica, iii,
142
El Cojo, ii,. 38
Elcuanam, iii, 143
Eldredge, Zoeth S., iv, 634
Elections for Indian alcaldes,
ii, 336-346, 426, 540-541
Elections, first in Cal., iii. 150;-
for first assembly, 157;-for
others, 252, 327, 501-502, 597;-
iv, 5, 41, 123-124, 284-285;-for
last, 471-472
Elections for temp, gov., iii,
157-158;-for congress, see
Index
37
Congress ;-f or Pico's Junta,
iv, 487
Elections ordered by Stockton,
iv, 562;-at Yerba Buena,
563;-for Constitutional Con-
vention, 6S8;-for first State
officials, 660
Elementary branches at Mis-
sions, ii, 273
El Eusebio, ii, 543
Elias, Mt. St., ii, 322
Elisa, Francisco, ii, 438
Elisabeth of England, iii, 625-
629
Elks hunted, ii, 203
El Monte (of Fr. Garces), ii,
195
Elogio of Uribe, ii, 296
El Pilar (land grant), iii, 646
El Principe, see The S. Antonio
El Principio River, ii, 155
Emancipation of Indians pro-
posed, iii, 239-240 ;-as under-
stood by Indians, 241, 323,
347;-grave results, 240-241,
348, 375-376, 380-381, 497-498;
-at Los Angeles, 477-478 ;-at
San Juan Capistrano, San
Diego, San Luis Rey, 484;-
not desired by neophytes,
351-352, 483-484 ;-emancipa ted
and not emancipated com-
pared, 504;-Fr. Duran's cir-
cular on, 374;-opinions of
FF. P. Cabot, J. Jimeno, Jose
Sanchez, 374-376 ;-not wanted
by neophytes ;-iv, 316-317;-
consequences of, 636-640;-a
crime, 316
Emancipated Indians sent adrift,
iv, 647-650 ;-at Los Angeles,
648-649 ;-not qualified for full
citizenship, 141-142, 637-640
Emancipated from God's law,
iii, 318
Embarrassment of Bishop
Diego, see Diego ;-of Bishop
Alemany, iv, 687;-of the
friars, 430-431 ;-of paisano con-
spirators, 15-16
Emilio of Rousseau, iii, 544
Emmitsburg, Md., iv, 697, 718
Emoidas, Vicente Madero, iii,
516
Emory, W. H., on hardships of
Kearny's expedition, iv, 569-
572;-on force at San Pascual,
574;-first to express suspicion
on mission property, 581;-at
San Luis Rey and San Juan
Capistrano, 582
Emperor Charles V, ii, 336-337
Emphyteusis, iv, 348-349, 351,
369
Encarnacion, Arroyo de, ii, 95,
99
Encino Valley, ii, 491, 496
Encouraged Fathers, ii, 428-429
Encroachments of secular au-
thority, ii, 348-349 ;-on rights
of Indians, iii, 385;-iv, 379
Endless demands, iii, 318
Enemy of friars, ii, 330-331 ;-iii,
513
Engelhardt (geologist), iii, 82
England persecutes Catholics,
ii, 391;-ment., iv, 129, 172, 414,
493, 622
English and American immi-
grants, iii, 145;-as husbands,
iv, 414
English-speaking priests needed,
iv, 618-622
English traders, iii, 168
English vice-consul, iv, 415
Enlightenment so-called, iii, 543
Enramadas, ii, 32, 75, 204, 368
Ensenada de Asuncion, ii, 158;-
de los Llorones, 180, 204
Enthusiasm for Mexican cause
lacking, iv, 557-558, 576
Entradas or exploring tours of
Fr. Garces, ii, 135, 191^200
Epidemic of pneumonia, ii, 613
Epidemics partial cause of In-
dian decrease, iv, 120, 321-322
Epilogue, caustic, of Fr. Durin,
iii, 400-402
Equipment of presidios, ii, 465
Era, new, for California, iv, 541
Error of Fr. Duran, iv, 374,
384-385
Error of Fr. Serra and others
regarding stipends and ra-
tions, ii, 289
Escalante, Estevan Velez de,
sindico, iii, 209;-faithless, 248,
266
Eschscholtz, Dr. John Fr., iii,
82 ^
Eschscholtzia, or California
Poppy, iii, 82
Escrituras de Venta, or title
deeds, specimen, iv, 509-511
38
Index
Escude, Fr. Jayme, iii, 16, 23,
128;-autogrraph, 149
Esecha Valley, ii, 490
Espanol, claim of being, iii, 130
Espi, Fr. Jose de la Cruz, ii,
441, 504, 542, 547^
Espinosa, Juan Jose, iii, 407
Espinosa, Rafael, iv, 668
Espionas, Salvador, iv, 152
Estabrook, E., on Alvarado, iv,
268-269
Estado Libre y Soberano de la
Alta California, iv, 56-59, 91
Estanislao, Indian leader, iii,
305-306 ;-iv, 311 ^
Estefano, Indian, iv, 452
Estenaga, Fr. Thomas Eleuterio,
arrives, iii, 56, 84;-celebrates
Constitution, 215-216;-praised
by Mexican Govt., 216;-re-
fuses oath, 244 ;-transf erred to
San Gabriel, 452;-charged
with conspiracy, 572;-ment.,
272, 273, 451, 575;-iv, carried
off by savages, 108;-flees to
Sonora, 115;-describes pov-
erty at San Gabriel, 160-163;-
takes oath, 282;-defends him-
self, 357-358, 367;-reproved
unjustly, 366;-refuses to sur-
render Mission without or-
ders, 383-384 ;-in distress, 463;
-distracted, 637;-death of, 618;
-autograph, iii, 215;-ment., 35,
237, 258, 279, 323, 515, 525,
775, 779-780, 784-785, 788
Estero de la Merced, ii, 207;-
of Pet alum a, 625;-iii, del
Americano, 155, 156;-de Her-
rera, 156;-de San Juan Fran-
cisco Regis, 156;-de San Pab-
lo, 156;-de San Rafael, 146,
155;-de Tamales, 156
Estevanell, Ignacio, ii, 107
Estevez, Fr. Jose, ii, 375
Estorace, Jorge, ii, 13
Estrada, Jose Ant., iv, 125
Estrada, Jose Mariano (not
Maria), ii, 646;-iii, 8-9, 148,
185, 203, 204, 251
Estrada, Jos^ Ram6n, member
of Castro congress, iv, 66;-
assembly, 123-124 ;-comision-
ado of Santa Clara, 92, 134,
138, 1 77 ;-prefecto, 280;-assem-
bly, 285, 472
Estrada, Raymundo, ii, 624
Estrada, Santiago, iii, 502;-iv,
5, 312
Estudillo family at San Gabriel,
iv, 162-163
Estudillo, Jose Antonio, assem-
bly, iii, 502;-iv, 127, 182, 228
Estudillo, Jose Joaquin, iii, 145,
251;-at San Francisco, 591,
594;-iv, 230
Estudillo, Jose Maria, iii, 37,
64 -at San Diego, ' 128;-at
council of Monterey, 148, 152;
-"bitter foe of the padres,"
189, 656, 658;-ment., 215, 243,
245;-assembly, 597
Ethics with double tdge, iv, 808
Eucharist, Holy, ii, 253;-iii, 263
Eulalia de Callis, ii, 408, 416, 422
European priests admitted, then
excluded, iv, 223
Evangelista, Juan, Indian youth
with Fr. Serra, ii, 108
Evil in Indian eyes only what
is punished, iii, 458
Ewing, Hon. Thomas, iv, 728
Exaggeration about Mission
ysrealth, iii, 225, 415, 629-637;-
iv, climax of, 654-660
Excitement after discovery of
gold, iv, 610-615
Excellency, title of governor
adopted, iv, 58
Excommunication incurred and
announced, ii, 185, 187, 196;-
iii, 232;-iv, 780
Excuses for colonist indiffer-
ence and indolence, ii, 514
Excuses of Indian runaways, ii,
507-508
Exercises, religious, at Missions,
ii, 254-257, 449, 627;-on the
march, 175. See also Voyages
and Expeditions
Exile of friars opposed by peo-
ple, iii, 274-277
Exiles from Sandwich Islands,
iii, 650-652
Exiles, voluntary, ii, 639
Existentes, or converts at Mis-
sions, ii, 594
Exorbitant demands from
troops, iii, 166-167
Exorbitant land holdings, ir,
746
Exorbitant tax on Missions, iii,
140-141
Expedicion Santa, ii, 5
Index
S9
Expedientes, or collections of
documents in given case» ii,
417, 419, 424;-iii, 640
Expedition, first, in search of
Monterey, ii, 22-70 ;-second,
71-74
Expedition from Sonora to
Monterey, ii, 135-137
Expeditions for the conquest of
California, ii, 3-17
Expeditions of Capt. Ezeta, see
Ezeta
Expeditions to northwest coast,
ii, 146-153, 154-161, 319-324,
437-442
Expeditions in search of Mis-
sion sites, ii, 490-496, 620-626,
679-682;-iii, 22-30, 142-147
Expeditions, various, to San
Francisco Bay, ii, 94-99, 141-
143, 161-166, 173-189, 202-204
Expeditions against the Yumas,
ii, 354-355 ;-against other In-
dians, iii, 37-39; see Indians
Expeditions, Patron Saints of,
ii, 6, 10, 174
Expeditions, exploring, of Fr.
Garces, ii, 134-137, 191-200
Expenditure of Mission and of
U. S. Govt. Systems compared,
ii, 269
Expenses of friars traveling, see
Traveling expenses
Expenses of paisano govern-
ment, iv, 268-269
Expensive and useless educa-
tion, ii, 268-269
Export trade of California, ii,
342
Extensive tracts of land outside
Missions, iii, 500
Extermination of Indians to be
prevented, iv, 654-655
Extinction of Missions decreed,
iv, 373-380, 445-450^
Extract© de Fr. Sarria, iii, 7
Extreme Unction administered,
ii, 45-46 ;-iii, 263
Eyes, teaching through, ii, 251
Ezeta (Heceta) Bruno de, ex-
peditions of, ii, 154-159, 165-
1 66 ;-ment., 321, 325
Faber, Rev. Frederick William,
on slander, iii, 414
Fibregat, Narciso, iii, 37, 62,
204-205
F4cio, Jos^ Ant., iii, 346
Factional fights in California,
iv, 475-476
Faculties of early Franciscan
missionaries, iv, 299-305, 799-
802;-of friars for soldiers and
colonists, ii, 541-542
Faculty to confirm, ii, 449;-iii,
91 ;-iv, 304-305
Fages, Pedro, in first expedition,
ii, 9;-Fages and Galvez, 10,
62;-captain, 93;-his "Salida,"
96;-his instructions, 105;-arro-
gance of, 104-107 ;-angers sol-
diers, 90, 107;-violent temper,
lll;-leads expedition to San
Francisco Bay, 94-99 ;-at San
Diego, 103;-false reports of,
106-10/ ;-replaced by Rivera,
125;-returns as governor
and visits all Missions, 354-
356, 393-394 ;-has runaways
brought back, 361, 393;-<io-
mestic infelicity, 408, 415, 422;
-annoys Fr. Serra and friars,
406-409 ;-f or gets instructions,
415;-formally accuses friars,
416-417 ;-directed to aid friars,
419;-powers curtailed, 430;-
report on neophytes, 431;-at-
tempt on liberty of friars, 442-
444;-reproves Ig^nacio Vallejo,
515;-asks for artisans^ 535;-
asks to be relieved, 455;-suc-
ceeded by Romeu, 456;-ment.,
13-15. 22, 23, 33, 66, 71, 73, 80,
86, 89, 92, 120, 129, 132, 133,
180, 183, 206, 207, 280, 281, 354,
368, 403, 430-434, 450, 452, 544,
599, 620;-iii, 253, 643, 645;-iv,
816;-autograph, vol. i, 530
Fahy, Rev. John, iv, 628, 685
Failure of modern Indian edu-
cation, ii, 267-270
Failure of Branciforte colony,
ii, 520
Failure to humiliate Fr. Serra,
ii. 312-313
Failure of so-called seculariza-
tion, iv, 185
Faith, Sacred Congregation of
the Propagation of, ii, 311
Faithful, the, must support Re-
ligion, iii, 580, see also Tithes
40
Index
Faithless ecclesiastics, ii, 650-
651
False accusations, iii, 500, 539,
639, 645, 646;-iv, 363-367
False Bay, ii, 27;-Cape, ii, 159
False interpretation of decree
of Cortes of 1813, iii, 320-321
False philosophy, iii, 220-221
Families of administrators at
Missions, iv, 161-163
Family, the Mission a real, ii,
275
Fanaticism according to paisano
chiefs, iii, 357, 367
Fanatics, political, iii, 566
Fanega, or Spanish bushel, ii,
103, 113, 554;-iii, 555;-iv. 134
Farallones Islands, ii, 50, 73,
96, 153, 661;-Bay, 165-166
Farce of a proclamation, iv, 445
Farcical court-martial, iii, 295-
304
Farias, Valentin Gomez, iii, 504-
505;-iv, 419
Farnesio, Fr. Francesco Antonio
a, ii, 616
Farnham, Thos. Jefferson, iv,
814
Farthest north of the Spaniards,
ii, 322
Fate of missionaries and neo-
phytes, iv, 292, 512-513
Fathers, Friars, see Franciscans
Fattening on substance of poor
Indians, iii, 393, 399
Faults of individuals not to be
attributed to organization, ii,
348
Faura, Fr. Jose, ii, 497
Favorita, The, ii, 161, 321, 322,
324, 325, 370, 395, 397, 435, 437
Fear for Cal. on account of
wrongs to Indians, iv, 113
Fear of French invasion, ii, 511
Fearless reply of Fr. Duran, iv,
21-29
Fears well founded, ii, 405
Feast of Nuestra Senora de la
Luz, iv, 793-794;-of Our Lady
of Refuge, 259-261
Feats, remarkable, by Fr. Ser-
ra, ii, 338, 367;-by Fr. Lasuen,
497
Federal govt, system restored,
iv, 67;68
Federation with two Mexican
States rejected, iii, 185
Fee system, (Arancel) for sup-
port of priests urged by Pico,
iv, 397;-disliked by Bishop
Diego, 253, 399;-at Guadala-
jara, 400;-not sufficient, 400
Feelings of the missionaries at
prospects, iv, 512-513
Felch, Alpheus, chairman Land
Commission, iv, 218, 732;-an-
nounces decision in favor of
Church, 733-745
Felicidad, The, ii, 154
Felipe III, King of Spain, ii, 5
Felix, Domingo, iv, 34;-Juan
Vicente, ii, 490;-Luciano, iii,
33
Feliz, Jose, iv, 311
Female attendants prohibited, ii,
628
Feminine ruse, iii, 293-294
Fenelon, Most Rev. Francis de
Salignac de, iii, 232;-iv, 777
Fernandez, Rev. Agustin de San
Vicente, iii, 151-159, 175, 183;-
autograph, 153
Fernandez, Fernando, iii, 246
Fernandez, Fr. Gregorio, ii, 551-
552
Fernandez, Jose, iii, 236
Fernandez, Jose del Campo, iii,
282
Fernandez, Fr. Jose Maria, ii,
501-509, 550
Fernandinos Franciscans pro-
test, ii, 392;-ment., 420;-gen- '
tleness of, iii, 584;-aged or
crippled, 494;-number in 1834,
p, 551;-ment., 442, 447, 452-
454, 459, 466, 542, 567, 568,
570, 580, 605, 6S9;-iv, number
in 1842, p. 237, 295;-ment., 12,
14, 38, 68, 113, 120, 122, 177,
279, 296, 301, 324, 380, 386,
408, 598, 612, 697, 793. See
San Fernando College
Fernando II, King of Arag6n,
ii, 245;-iii, 624;-Fernando, VI,
524;-Fernando VII, 646;-iii,
70, 94, 98, 99, 105, 138, 148,
217, 282, 295, 300
Fiction, wretched, iv, 806-812
Figuer, Fr. Juan, at San Luis
Obispo, ii, 178;-at San Ga-
briel, 128;-at San Diego, 215,
398;-wants to retire, 337-338;-
consoled by Fr. Serra, 385-389
Figueroa, Francisco, X., iv, as-
Index
41
sembly, 66, 285, 328, 340, 353,
373, 472, 484, 495;-opposes
sale of Missions, 499-501 ;-in
last assembly, 565
Figueroa, Jos^, appointed gov-
ernor, iii, 417;-at Monterey,
445, 466;-addresses Fr. Du-
ran, 445;-not friendly to fri-
ars, 471, 472, 502-503, 561-
565;-forbids flogging, 455;-
first report, 472-473 ;~views
like Echeandia's, 472-473 ;-his
Prevenciones, 473-476;-op-
poses secularization, 496-501;-
lauded by Vallejo, 484-485;-
own plan of secularization,
486;-asks to be relieved, 505;-
change of mind, 497, 522-532,
540;-opens assembly, 502-503;
-refuses to recognize Hijar-
Padres, 507-508 ;-appeals to
Fr. Duran for supplies, 553-
555 ;-un worthy report, 563-
566;-appeases, Fr. Duran, 573;
decree of August 9th, 1834,
a trick, 523;-lectures Fr. Or-
daz, 576;-lets Ortega go un-
punished, 590-591 ;-ill and re-
signs, 597;-last will, 598;
death and funeral, 599-602;
remains discovered, 602;
cause of death, 604-605;
ment., 418, 420, 442-444, 453,
454, 459, 460, 463, 470, 477,
479, 480, 482-486, 502, 506,
508, 509, 512, 513, 515, 517,
520, 522, 545, 553, 560, 566-
568, 572-574, 577-583, 657,
658-660, 663 ;-iv, resignation,
3;-decree of confiscation, 6,
142, 375-376 ;-compelled to de-
cree confiscation, 7, 42, 109,
131;-acts without authority,
10, 13, 16;-on rights of In-
dians, 25;-decree of emanci-
pation, 100;-founds Yerba
Buena, 266-267 ;-holds Mis-
sions to be private property,
377 ;-cause of death, 69-70;-
ment., 36, 44, 69, 71, 84, 93,
105, 137, 274, 307, 332, 351,
378, 419, 462, 502, 518, 523,
563, 775, lid, 816;-autograph,
iii, 499
Fincas, iv, 369-371
Finely-spun plan miscarries, iii,
507-508
Fires, forest, see Arrillaga for
regulations ;-see San Luis
Obispo
Fireworks for Mission Indians,
iii, 648
First ecclesiastical synod, iv,
692, 732, 802-804
First land grant, iii, 640
First Mission sold, iv, 458
First years at a Mission, ii, 512
Fiscal, Jose Antonio de Areche,
ii, 279
Fischer, Capt., iv, 638
Fita, Rev. Fidelis, ii, 671
Fitch, A. H., iv, on Mission
architecture, 534 ;-mis state-
ment regarding Fr. Serra, 805
Five Articles of Pico, iv, 340-
341
Flag of Alvarado, iv, 64-65 ;-of
the U. S. hoisted at Mon-
terey, 550, 552-554 ;-of truce,
577;-of Mexico, 552
Flandres, ii, 293
Flesh meat, days when prohib-
ited, ii, 602-603
Fletcher, H. S., ii, 41
Flight of FF. Rip611 and Alti-
mira, iii, 254-257
Flogging white deserter, ii, 157
Flogging at Missions intro-
duced by Rev. Salvatierra, S.
J., ii, 276;-not peculiar to
Missions, 276;-applied by In-
dian official, 275;-not de-
grading to Indians, 276;-pro-
posed by Roosevelt for some,
276;-advocated by Fr. Serra,
341-342;-iii, practise of Je-
suits, 456;-wholesome meth-
od, 457-459 ;-under comisiona-
dos, 542, 591;-number of
blows permitted by law, 478;
-ment., 240, 454-455, 488;-iv,
under friar and comisionado
rule, 140, 151, 153;-advised by
Gov. Mason for horsethieves,
643
Flora, The, iii, 21
Flores, Jose Maria, breaks pa-
role as captain, iv, 481, 564;-
chosen commander against U.
S. troops, 565-566 ;-publishes
last decree on Missions, 567;-
accused, imprisoned, reinstat-
ed, 576;-calls for volunteers,
567-568 ;-his flag of truce, 577;
42
Index
-retreats to Sonora, 578;-
ment., 558, 574-575
Florcs, Manuel Ant, de, viceroy,
ii, 437-438, 452, 481
Flores, Fr. Refusrio, iv, 669-
670
Flores, Sebastian, ii, 392
Floresta Elspanol, La, ii, 385
Florida Blanca, Count de, ii,
317
Florida, Cal., ii, 667
Florida, Mission history of, ii,
264
Flying Fish, The, iv, 318
Folly, educational, of the day,
ii, 266-267
Fonseca, Minister Urbano, iv,
671-672
Font, Fr. Pablo, ii, 325
Font, Fr. Pedro, with Anza's
expedition, ii, 171-189;-bap-
tizes, 178;-indignant at Mon-
tereyans, 182-183 ;-diary, 667;
-death, 190;-ment, 248-249,
252-255, 325, 620
Fontaine, Rev. Flavian, C. SS.
CC, iv, 626-627, 685;-opens
school, 716
Foolish Plan, ii, 109, 336
Foolish trade regulations, iii, 20
Food at Missions, ii, 554-556;-
according to Langsdorff, 637;-
scarcity of, 57-59, 100, 136;-
according to Beechey, iii, 264
Forbes, Alexander, author of
"California," hostile to Cath-
olic Missions, ii, 265;-admits
kindness of the friars, 277;-
ment., 251. 261, 263, 278, 436-
437;-on Fr. Peiri, iii, 414-
415;-on Zacatecan friars, 442-
443;-on fidelity of friars, 557;
-on fanega, 555;-ment., 637
Forbes, James Alex., British
vice-consul, presumption, iv,
416;-on poverty of friars,
218;-before Land Commis-
sion, 733 ;-ment., 320, 415, 760
Force not employed to obtain
converts, ii, 252, 500
Force instead of Religion to
subdue savages fails, iv, 119
Forced contributions, iii, 134,
236;-iv, 94-95, see Contribu-
tions, Drafts
Foreign invasion feared, ii, 84
Foreign missions aided, ii, 584
Foreign priests admitted by
Santa Anna, iv, 284
Foreign vessels not to be aid-
ed, ii, 471
Foreigners defended by Bishop
Diego, iv, 70-71 ;-friendly to
missionaries, iii, 330;-iv, 13;—
at Monterey, iii, 466-467;-
census in 1840, iv, 129;-pro-
hibited from making surveys,
Foreigners and nativists, iii,
330
Forest fires, first legislation on,
ii, 464
Foretnick, Rev. Francis, iv, 692
Forfeiture of land rights, iii,
644
Forge or smithy at Mission San
Diego, ii, 112
Formalities observed by Fr.
Serra, ii, 298-300
Formula for Mission Reports,
ii, 445-448
Forster, John, purchases Mis-
sion San Juan Capistrano, iv,
460;-ment., 767
Fort Leavenworth, Kans., iv,
S69;-Mohave, Cal., ii, 194;-
Ross, 634;-iii, 21, 154-155;-
Yuma, ii, 200, 352
Fortunate persecution, ii, 549
Fortuni, Fr. Buenaventura, with
expedition, ii, 625-626 ;-ref uses
oath, iii, 244, 270;-retires to
San Luis Rey, 452, 538;-
ment., 451 ;-iv, disheartened,
149;-death, 130;-ment., 180,
522;-autograph, iii, 538
Founding a Mission, first steps,
ii, 246-247 ;-iv, 87
Four Natives address Francis-
cans, iv, 7-11
Four Pretenders, iv, 112
Fox and grapes, iii, 431-432
Frailero, Frailes, Fray, Friar,
ii, 358-359, 408;-iv, 9
Frailes Azules, iii, 442
France at war with Spain, ii,
464-465;-iii, ment., 318, 430;-
iv. Catholic Church in, 45-
46;-without God, 662;-in con-
trol of rabid infidels, 498;-
ment., 91, 126, 189. 409, 590,
622, 623, 627, 628, 711, 779
Francisca changed to Benicia,
iv, 563
Index
43
Franciscan habit bestowed first
time in Cal., iv, 707
Franciscan, last Spanish, iv, 176
(insert) ;-last at Santa Clara,
690-691
Franciscan Order, beginning of,
ii, 68
Franciscans in Lower Cali-
fornia, ii, 4;-prepare to go
north, 4-17;-as chaplains on
ships, see Chaplains ;-misrep-
resented, 106-107 ;-not "sent*'
by Church or Superiors, but
by king, 145, 617;-loyal, re-
spectful to secular govt., 145,
284-285, 363, 460, 540;-match
for all aggressors, 188, 561;-
Tuthill on, 224;-defenders of
Indians, 277;-object of, 363,
see Missions, Missionaries ;-
messengers of Gospel, not
agriculturists, etc., 242-245,
383, 593-594;-volunteers, not
forced, 236, 377-378, 418, 533;-
methods of, 242-278 ;-dispirit-
ed, 215;-cheered by Borica,
497-498 ;-object to be victims
of politicians, 378;-disinter-
ested, 373-374, 379, 459-468;-
their preferences, 385 ;-an-
noyed throughout mission
period, 285;-military jealousy
cause of opposition, 406;-may
refuse to stand alone, 424;-
self-denial, detachment, 458-
459 ;-pa trio tic but penniless,
540, see Donativo;-incalculable
benefit to Spain, 467;-penni-
less, 288, 459-460, 462, 466-
467, 580;-poverty keenly felt,
509-510;-earnings devoted to
neophytes, 326, 459-462, 527,
532;-slave for the Indians,
282, 526;-solicitous for In-
dians, 346-347 ;-en vied their
stipends, 523-529 ;-accused, de-
fended, exonerated, 549-583;-
serve presidios and colonists
gratis, 419, 461, S14;-some
approved by archbishop, 453;
-two unworthy ones, 479-487;
-lofty aspirations generally,
533;-subdeIegated for service
of whites, 542;-not absolutely
independent in building, 601-
602;-iii, two imprisoned in
Mexico, 16;-truly apostolic,
116, 142. 263-264, 276;-abso-
lutely detached and unselfish,
186, 258, 434, 439, 5S8;-re-
spectful to secular authori-
ties, 112, 211-212, 242;-loyal
on principle, 245, 334-335 ;-too
submissive, 547;-as to oath of
allegiance, 149, 214, 219, 237,
243-244 ;-cheerless life, 168-
169, 187, 259, 316, 374-378,
417, 434, 546-547, 662-663 ;-re-
warded with calumnies, 86-87,
433-434, 455, 554, 556;-sub-
jected to whims of politi-
cians, 28;-threaten to depart,
190, 193;-true to neophytes,
193;-in loco parentis, 114;-
consolation to Superiors, 46-
47;-pleased at prospect of
leaving, 99-100, 104, 105, 187,
377, 439;-marked for expul-
sion, 265, 273;-needed by
govt., 262;-hated by covetous,
377-378, 497;-willing to grati-
fy enemies, 334-337, 470;-
eager to surrender temporali-
ties, 120-121, 126, 239, 374-376,
412, 492, 520, 538-539, 553,
550-551 ;-conceal their grief,
542-543 ;-love of poverty, 545;
-honest and faithful, 557;-
why removed, 498;-dangerous
to Satan and agents, 565;-
feelings for Figueroa, 602;-
shun publicity, 611;-their ene-
mies, birds of a feather, 513;
-iv, number of, 88, 612, 686;-
willing to cede temporalities,
29, o4;-not changed, 65;-
reasons for yielding, 92-93;-
free to join Bishop, 221;-
f acuities of, 304-305, 799-802;-
indignant at Pico's charge,
355-362 ;-poor to the last, 23,
175-177, 411, 746;-resist en-
croachments on Indian rights,
379;-slandered therefor, 377;-
disheartened, 378-379 ;-suc-
cessful, 527-537 ;-their work
undone, 452;-some depart,
410;-doomed to extinction,
618, 698, 699, 700;-establish
novitiate, 702-707 ;-build par-
ish church of Santa Barbara,
706-707 ;-cede parish for Mis-
sion, 720;-agreement with
Dominicans, 709;-in Lower
44
Index
California, 675-676 ;-two Ital-
ians at San Francisco, 313;-
need no defense, 804;-see also
Missionaries, Fernandinos,
Zacatecans
Francisco, Indian alcalde, ii,
339
Franking privilege, ii, 408-411
Fransoni, Cardinal, iv, 665, 666-
667
Fraternal solicitude, ii, 534
Fraudulent documents of Pio
Pico, iv, 504-505, 508, 550,
725-728, 760-766
Frazadas pastores, iii, 69
Freedom of neophytes greater
than that of savages, ii, 264-
265
Freedom, strange kind, iii, 497-
498;-of Catholic religious and
of secret lodge members
compared, 101;-iv, of worship
under Kearny, 580-581 ;-of Re-
ligion under Liberalism, 794-
799;-of speech, 393;-ofFered
but not wanted by neophytes,
iii, 351-352;-iv, 13, 316-317
Freemasons in Mexico, iii, 267;
-iv, 104
Freethinkers, iii, 371
Fremont, John C, ment., ii,
143;-arrives, iv, 477;-at Mon-
terey, 478;-withdraws north,
479;-raises U. S. flag on Mt.
Gavilan, 479;-retreats, 479-
480;-returns, 491;-at Mon-
terey, 561;-raises U. S. flag
at San Diego, 561;-pardons
Jose Pico, 56i8;-crosses Santa
Ines Mts., 568;-accepts sur-
render of Andres Pico, 578;-
refuses to recognize Kearny,
579;-court-martialed, found
guilty, pardoned, 579-580;-U.
S. Senator from Cal., 661;-
ment., 481, 545, 546, 548-549,
556, 561, 563, 565, 581, 727
Freight charges, ii, 448, 528,
579;-iii, 650
Freight for northern Missions,
ii, 382
Frejes, Fr. Francisco, iv, 80
French-Belgian priests in
Rocky Mts., iv, 613-614
French Encyclopedists, ii, 314;
-iv, works of, 111
French infidelity, ii, 144-145;-
iii, 543;-iv, rampant, 106-109;
-influence of, 285-286, 794
French philosophy, effect on
savages, iv, 108-109;-on Mexi-
can politics and demagogues,
794-799
French republic so-called, iii,
218, 219;-Mexican usurpers
ape its notions, 208
Frenzied king, ii, 285
Fresno County, Cal., ii, 621
Friendly Cove, ii, 438
Friendship betw. Fr. Duran and
Fr. Rubio, iv, 80, 120
First fruits of Christianity in
Cal., ii, 29, 101
Fruits, wild, ii, 567
Fruits of Indian and Mission-
ary toil enjoyed by others,
iii, 433, 503, 547
Fuca, Juan de. Strait, ii, 438,
441
Fueros, Pedro, ii, 354-356
Fulgencio, Indian, iii, 13, 199
Funchal, The, iii, 283
Fundaciones, see Reducciones,
Doctrinas
Funds, lack of, hampers Bishop
and successor, iv, 391, 399,
618-619
Fuentes, Dona Josefa, iv, 330
Funeral of Bishop Diego, iv,
518
Funeral of Gov. Figueroa, iii,
601
Fuster, Fr. Vicente, arrives at
San Diego, ii, 127-128 ;-an-
nounces excommunication of
Rivera, 185-187 ;-action ap-
proved, 188;-in charge of San
Diego, 210;-assigned to San
Gabriel, 215;-at San Juan
Capistrano, 435
Gadsden Purchase, iv, 629
Gajiola, Jose Antonio, iii, 277
Gajjola, Valentin, iv, 481
Galiana, Fr. Domingo, ii, 597
Galiano, Dionisio Alcala, ii, 441
Galico, Mai, ii, 519, 620;-iii, 30,
79
Galindo, Eusebio, iv, 41
Gallagher, Rev. Hugh, iv, 695,
696, 714, 715
Gallegos, Carlos, ii, 182
Index
45
Galvez, Jose de, sends expedi-
tions to Cal., ii, 4-5; osten-
sible chief object, 5, 10, 655-
660;-real object, 3-4;-piety of
Galvez, 6-10;-vies with Fr.
Serra, 7;-his Mission, 7, 93;-
saves expense to royal trea-
sury, 118;- prime minister,
218;-ment., 40, 55, 56, 67, 76,
80, 82, 84, 134, 160, 182, 281,
290, 291, 335, 363, 368, 391-
393, 401, 524, 528, 653-655,
657, 660;-iii, 114, 116, 469;-
autograph, vol i, 328
Galvez, Matias de, viceroy, ii,
423, 433, 544, 552
Gambling, ii, 565
Games at Missions, ii, 274, 564-
565
Gamuzas, iii, 69
Ganado mayor (cattle), iii, 475;
-iv, 265;-menor (sheep) iii,
475
Ganganelli, Cardinal, ii, 67
Gantt, John, iv, 315
Gaps in the Mission line, ii,
220-221, 364, 453, 490
Garbanzos planted by Moraga,
ii, 181
Garces, Fr. Francisco Hermen-
egildo, charge from Bucareli,
ii, 135;-his entradas or expe-
ditions, 191-200;-his banner
and method of teaching, 192;-
first Spaniard in the interior,
193;-with Anza, 135-137, 174;
-with savages, 189, 192-200;-
at San Gabriel, 195-197 ;-bap-
tizes an Indian, 197;-swims a
river, 198;-welcomed by the
Mojaves, 199;-goes to Moqui
and is ill-used for first time,
199-200;-refused aid by Ri-
vera, 196;-his journal, 350;-
ui^ges missions, 350-351 ;-pro-
tests against foolish scheme,
3S2;-starts Colorado Mis-
sions, is murdered by sav-
ages, 352-353 ;-ment., 620, 666-
667;-iii, 25, 26;-iv, 814
Garcia, Fr. Diego, arrives, ii,
423;-at Soledad, 454, 485-486;
-retires, 550;-ment., 534
Garcia, Francisco Pascual, iv,
699
Garcia, Inocente, iv, 151
Garcia, Jacinto, iii, 585
Garcia, Most Rev. Fr. Jose,
Commissary-General, ii, 297-
298
Garcia, Fr. Jose, discreto, ii,
361, 382
Garcia Diego y Moreno, Fr.,
see Diego
(jarden fruits, iv, 534
Garden of Mission San Jose, iv,
760;-of Santa Clara, 760;-of
San Luis Rey, 589-590
Gardoquin, Spanish official, ii,
457
Garfias, Manuel, iv, 481, 565
Garibay, Pedro, viceroy, ii, 646,
647
Garijo, Fr. Agustin, guardian,
ii, 548, 626, 650;-iii, pathetic
letter to Fr. Payeras, 162-
163;-ment., 3, 10, 16, 110,
161 ;-autograph, iii, 162
Garner, William R., iv, 128
Garrison, see Presidio
Garrison of Sonoma captured,
iv, 542
Garza y Ballesteros, Archbishop
Lazaro de la, iv, 521
Gasol, Fr. Jose, guardian, ii,
548, 585, 631;-regulations,
626-630;-iii, circular, 109-111;-
ment., 51, 108, 151, 207;-
death of, 162;-autograph, ii,
485
Gaudencio, Indian, iv, 452
Gavilan, Ccrro de, iv, 479
Gaviota, Cal., ii, 37-38
Gecp., rancheria, ii, 679
Gecuar, on route of Fr. Paye-
ras, iii, 143
Geese, wild, ii, 53
Gelecto, rancheria, iii, 24
Gelonopai, rancheria, iii, 143
Generosity of Fr. Duran, iv,
454-455, 458
Genoa, Italy, iii, 450
Gente de razon, ii, 273;-poor
Catholics, 543-544;-iii, 398;-
according to Hittell, 129-132;
-ment., 6, 319, 596, 612;-iv, 94
Gentlemen-Gen. Mason and
Secretary of State Halleck, iv,
586
Gentleness of the friars, ii,
263-264
Geonat, rancheria, iii, 143
German priest, first, at San
Francisco, iv, 696
46
Index
Gerona, Spain, iv, 522
Ghastly sight, iv, 129
Giant, the dying, Missions, iv,
286
Gibson, Captain, iv, 572
Gifts to Indians, importance of,
ii, 97, 128, 199, 376, 378-381;-
iii, 36
Gift of Archbishop Lorenzana,
ii, 75
Gihon, John H., iii, 630
Gigedo, Revilla, viceroy, ii,
452;-ment, 324, 441, 452-453,
455-456, see Revilla
Gil y Taboada, Fr. Luis, at
San Rafael, iii, 30-31 ;-at
Santa Cruz, 129 ;-ref uses oath,
244;-report on San Luis
Obispo, 559;-death of, 466,
560;-ment., 272;-autograph,
iii, 30
Gil, Rafael Pedro, ii, 132
Gila River, ii, 136, 175;-iv, 570,
629
Gilbert, Edward, first Cal. rep-
resentative to U. S. Congress,
iv, 660
Gilbert, Rafael, iv, 415, 416
Gill, Fr. Bartolome, ii, 442, 479-
487
Gillespie, A. H., iv, 561, 563,
565, 569 ;-im prudence of, 564;-
raises U. S. flag at Los An-
geles, 578;-ment., 571-572
Gilroy, Cal., ii, 95, 492
Giribet (Girivet), Fr. Miguel,
arrives, ii, 433;-at San Luis
Obispo, 486, 542;-retires, 547;
-discreto, 548;-iii, 643
Girls, Indian, married to white
men, iii, 645
Girls and unmarried women at
Missions, ii, 637;-apartments,
558-559 ;-special care for, 249-
250
Glapion, Fr. Juan, iv, 303
Gleeson, Rev. William, ii, 670;
-on missionary success, iv,
528-530 ;-ment., 693, 695, 715
Glimpse of the San Antonio,
ii, 64
Gloomy outlook, iv, 606
Glory of Catholic womanhood,
iv, 810
God, the Name of, avoided by
infidelity's pupils, iv, 497-
498;-oflficially ignored in
France, iv, 662;-union with,
ii, 532-533
God keep you many years, iii,
208
God and Liberty, iii, 209, 565;-
iv, 72
Godayol, Fr. Jos6, iv, 718
Goemaere, Mother Mary, first
Dominican Sister in Cal., iv,
682, 688, 689
Goetz, S. J., Rev. Anthony, iv,
691
Golden Gate discovered, ii, 50;-
named, 143;-first entered, 164;
-ment., 52, 53, 96, 97, 205, 320;
-iii, 27
Golden age of the Missions, ii,
599
Gold mines during Mission per-
iod, iii, 152, 225
Gold first discovered in small
quantities, March, 1842, iii,
632;-first large find, iv, 609-
610;-manner of securing, 611
Gomez Farias, Mex. vice-pres.,
iii, 504-506, 518, 521
Gomez, Fr. Francisco, chaplain
on San Antonio, ii, 10;-with
Portola, 23, 32, 51, 59;-bap-
tizes Indian child, 28;-retires,
85, 86, 89;-ment., 63, 66
Gomez, Josefita, iv, 257
Gomez, Rev. Jose, chaplain, ii,
442, 486
G6mez, Jose Joaquin, iii, 534;-
iv, 51, 54, 70, 479
Gomez, Rev. Jos^ Miguel, ar-
rives with Bishop Diego as
subdeacon, iv, 227;-first priest
ordained in Cal., 257-258;-
placed in charge of San Luis
Obispo, 258, 295, 513-516, 685;
-testimony before Land Com-
mission, 733;-ment., 263, 267,
322
Gomez, Fr. Juan Cris6stomo,
iv, 712
Gomez, Manuel, iii, 148, 152
Gomez, Rafael, iii, 359;-iv, 5, 31
Gomez, Vicente Perfecto, yarns
of, iv, 426
Gongora, Jose Maria, ii, 182,
184
Gonzilez, Diego, ii, 366, 451
Gonzalez family, iv, 684, 687
Gonzalez, Fr. Francisco, ii, 508,
596;-iii, 51
Index
47
Gonzalez, Francisco Cortina,
iii, 266, 267
Gonzalez, Fr. Gabriel, O. P.,
(L. C), iv, 238, 259, 515, 521,
656
Gonzalez del Castillo, Ildefon-
so, iii, 267
Gonzalez, Juan, ii, 326
Gonzalez, Macedonio, iv, 308,
309
Gonzalez, Miguel, iii, 246, 247
Gonzalez, Rafael, 206-207 ;-iv, 5,
149
Gonzalez, Ram6n, seminarian,
iv, 263
Goods supplied to troops by
Missions, iii, 69
Goodness of the friars exces-
sive, iv, 367
Good policy to conciliate, iv,
598
Good will of U. S. officials, iv,
605-606
Goose that laid golden eggs, iv,
472
Gopher and ground squirrel
plague, iii, 80
Gorraez, Jose, ii, 121
Gosnel, Messengers of, ii, 242-
245, 383-384, 603-604 ;-iv, 528;
-needed, not philosophers,
107
Gospel not spread through sol-
diers, iii, 25
Government parsimony towards
Missions, ii, 520
Government liberality towards
colonists, ii, 520
Government of California di-
vided, iii, 415-416;-meddles
with Mission affairs, iii, 182-
183;-not Catholic as claimed,
iv, 251-252;-imbecile, 318;-of
Upper and Lower Cal. should
be separate, iii, 343
Governor, candidates for, iv,
123, 389
Governor, first, of territory of
Cal., ii, 200-201 ;-iv, of the
State of California, 660
Goycoechea, Felipe de, coman-
dante of Santa Barbara, ii,
451;-eflForts to start school,
474 ;-un just charges and refu-
tation, 551-590;-removed to
Mexico, 583;-appointed to
Lower California, 598;-ment.,
599-600
Grace at meals in Missions, ii,
254
Graciosa, The, ii, 38
Graham, Isaac, joins Alvarado,
iv, 60;-chief occupation, 128;-
arrested, 128-129 ;-ment.,327
Grain measure, ii, 346, 426-427
Grajera, Antonio, ii, 496, 497
Granada, Nuns of, ii, 468
Gran Capitan Vallejo, iii, 592
Granados, Bishop Jose Joaquin,
ii, 455, 460, 466 ;-auto graph,
460
Grand Old Man of California,
iv, 522-524
Grant of land, first, iii, 640
Grants of land, iii, 645-646
Grape culture, iii, 571
Grapevine, Cal., ii, 195
Grape wine, iv, 534, see Wine
Grasshopper and locust plague,
iii, 80
Grass Valley, Bishop of, iv, 715
Gray Franciscans, iii, 442
Gray, Lieut., iv, 575
Gray, Robert, ii, 158
Great Salt Lake, ii, 268
Greece, iv. 111
Greed of paisano chiefs, iv, 288-
289, 475
Greedy eyes on Missions, iii,
87, 239, 322
Greedy shipowners, ii, 544-548
Greeks, Romans and education,
ii, 244
Green, Sister Ignatia, iv, 697
Greenhow on Franciscans, ii,
69-70 ;-on Rezanof, 634
Greenville's Point, ii, 158
Gregory XVI, ii, 401;-Bull cre-
ating the Californias a dio-
cese, iv, 195-200;-Bulls to
clergy and laity, 200-201;-
ment. 203, 232, 299
Grief of Bishop Diego, iv, 397-
401;-of the missionaries, iii,
35
Grievances of missionaries, iii,
454, 459-460
Griffin, Dr. J. S., iv, 574
Grigsby, John, iv. 542
Grijalva, Juan Pablo, ii, 174,
201, 202, 490
Grimaldi, Marquis de, ii, 3-4
Gross outrage planned, iii, 509
48
Index
Grulla, Lagfuna de la, ii, 45
Guachame, rancheria, iii, 23
Guachinga or San Bernardino,
iii, 144
Guadalajara, ii, 63, 108, 118,
124, 132, 213. 325, 370, 395,
405, 519, 528, 592, 629, 645;-
iii, 16. 55, 61, 71, 72, 85, 125,
249, 506;-diocese of, iv, 196,
400, 793;"nient., 89, 227, 270,
518
Guadalupe College, see College
Guadalupe, Puerto de, or Nor-
folk Sound, ii, 159
Guadalupe River, ii, 181, 622
Guainamota, Mexico, ii, 151
Gualacomnes, Indians, iv, 216
Guapia, Camp, iii, 145
Guapiabit or Guadalupe, ii, 680;
-iii, 39;-cross raised, 143
Guapiana, rancheria, ii, 681
Guanajuato, Mexico, ii, 648;-iv,
3, 39
Guardian, Lector, Comisario,
Custos, Presidente, Provin-
cial, see for these terms vol. i
Guardianship over the Missions,
iv, 24
Guardian, unfaithful, to Indian
wards, iv, 508
Guatemala, iii, 465
Guards needed, ii. 111, 167-168,
425;-wages of, 122;-object of,
162, 362, 636;-conflict betw.
and missionaries, 610;-a
drawback, 425 ;-ref used to
Fr. Serra, 304;-few at Mis-
sions, 613;-with friar on road
overnight, 610-612 ;-iii, In-
dian distrust of, 25;-few or
none needed later, 640-641
Guayaquil, Ecuador, ii, 160
Guaymas, Sonora, ii, 84, l()9,
366, 644, 682;-iii, 246, 444,
445;-iv, 220, 255, 633
Gubernador Provisional, (Pico),
iv, 367
Gucayte, or Telame, ii, 682
Guerra, Francisco de la, iv, 285,
472, 485, 495, 565-567
Guerra, Capt. Jose de la, iii, 24,
33, 58, 60, 80;-goes to Mexico,
71-72;-captured, 16 ;-re turns,
72;-delegate to congress, but
not admitted, 251;-is sindico
of the friars, 257, 550, 568;-
commands soldiers in battle,
199-200;-ment., 106, 134, 148,
152, 157, 166-167, 185, 197, 204,
227, 233, 257, 258, 280, 292, 297,
303, 364, 403, 572, 573, 602;-
iv, recognizes Alvarado, 61;-
imprisoned by Vallejo, 97;-
sindico of the friars, 707;-
ment., 146, 158, 389, 637, 773-
774, 777
Guerra, Jose Antonio de la, iv,
assembly, 5, 51, 55, 66;-agc
of, 54;-in congress of four,
91, 112;-assembly, 123
Guerra, Pablo de la, iv, 558, 707
Guerrero, Mex. President, elect-
ed, iii, 252;-executed, 328
Gui, Bernard, iii, 624
Guiana, iii, 95
Guichapa, rancheria, iii, 143
Guihuane, rancheria, iii, 24
Guin, J. M., false histories, iii,
654-660
Guipuzcoana, The, iv, 230
Gulf of California, ii, 109, 133,
134, 598;-iii, 17, 62
Gulnac, William, iv, 315
Gutierrez, Fr. Jose Maria, ar-
rives, iii, 442;-at San Fran-
cisco Solano, 452;-letter to
Figueroa on flogging, 457-459;
-accused of neglect, 594;-iv,
358, 362;-retires, 410;-auto-
graph, iii, 457
Gutierrez, Nicolas, capt., iii, 572;
-temp, military commander,
597-598, 601-602 ;-iv, military
commander, 3;-temp. govern-
or, 38-52;-on expenses for Di-
vine Worship, 42;-immorality,
41, 71 ;-banished, Sl-52;-very
name abhorred, 104, 116;-
ment., 16-17, 58, 60, 70-71, 93,
94. 105, 128, 237, 327,. 816
Gutierrez, Fr. Romualdo, ii, 601
Guzman, Fr. Jose Maria, iii,
307, 408, 465;-iv, 189, 213;-
autograph, iii, 306
Guzman, Fr. Miguel, iv, 711
Gwin, William, M., U. S. Sena-
tor, iv, 661
H
Habana, Cuba, iii, 412
Habitations, Indian, ii, 228;-
neophyte, 557-558 ;-of Bishop
Diego, iv, 236
Haenek, Tadeo, ii, 440
Index
49
Hague Tribunal, iv, 242
Hahn, Rev. Florian, ii, 667
Hall, H., member of Land
Commission, iv, 731
Halleck, Henry W., Secretary
of State under Gov. Mason,
iv, 602;-on impostor Brig-
nole, 617;-instructions to Col.
Stevenson on Pico, 632-633;-
deserves well of California
and its history, ii, p. xxiv;-
iv, 644;-unearths land frauds,
725;-his six questions, 725;-
faithful search for evidence,
726;-to Col. Stevenson, 725-
726;-to M. Soberanes, 727;-
on false dates of Pico, 726-
727;-warns occupants of
Church property, 727-728;-
ment., 659, 662
Hammond, T. C, iv, 572
Handmaid of the State, the
Church in Spanish dominions,
ii, 463
Handmill, gift to Mission San
Carlos, ii, 436
Hanson, George M., iv, 654
Happiness of savages effected
through Christianity, ii, 440
Happy life at Missions, ii, 249-
256; see Missions, 263
Harbinger, The, iii, 254-256
Harbor, see Port
Hardships of friars at Mis-
sions, ii, 386-389 ;-iii, 226;-iv,
512-513
Hardships of friars on journey
by land and sea, ii, 544-548,
655
Hardships, extraordinary, of
Portola's expedition, ii, 39-
40;-of Kearny's men, iv, 569-
571
Harmony, Fr. Duran's love for,
iii, 546-548 ;-iv, 384-385
Harmony, lack of, among the
paisano chiefs, iv, 336
Harmony, Neve ordered to pre-
serve, ii, 280
Haro, Francisco de, iii, 145,
152, 157, 185, 327, 502
Haro, Gonzalo de, ii, 437, 438
Haro y Peralta, Archbishop
Alonso Nunez de, ii, 444
Harpers* Monthly Magazine, iv,
649-656
Harpies of civil power, iii, 541
Harrowing in early days, ii,
258-260
Harsh treatment of Fr. Luis
Martinez, iii, 292-294 ;-of Fr.
Mercado, iv, 423-428
Hart versus Burnett, Land Case,
iii, 639
Hartnell, W. E. P., commercial
agent, iii, 168, 171 ;-confirmed
by Fr. Sosa, 409;-ment., 651;-
collector Port of Monterey,
iv, 58;-marriage, 146;-inspec-
tor of Missions, 146;-visits
Missions, pitiful report, 147-
156;-effect of report, 163;-
second visit to Missions, 177-
184;-abused by Vallejo, 178-
179;-discharges Pio Pico at
San Luis Rey, 182-183, 337,
435;-resigns, 184;-collector of
tithes, 247;-rancho, 478;-offi-
cial U. S. translator, 586, 636;
-testimony before Land Com-
mission, 733;-ment., 170, 173,
234, 386, 545, 640, 646, 688, 728,
784
Harvesting in early days, ii,
258-260
Harvests, scanty, ii, 339;-iii, 231
Haste, cause of Pico's, iv, 456
Hatred for religrious in Mexico,
iii, 93;-iv, 794-799
Haughty hidalgos, ii, 201
Havoc wrought by Pico and
conspirators, iv, 399
Hawaiian Islands, iii, 58, 478,
482, 650-652
Hawley, Sister Mary, iv, 714
Healdsburg, Cal., iii, 147
Heartless selfishness of mission
enemies, iii, 377-37S
Heartless treatment of Indians,
iv, 118
Heceta, see Ezeta
Hefele, Dr. Karl Joseph von,
iii, 626
Helplessness of Indians taken
advantage of, iii, 386-387
Hemp cultivated, iii, 80
Henchmen provided for, iv, 152
Henley, Thos. J., iv, 655-657
Henriquez, Antonio Domingo,
ii, 536
Henry VIII of England, iii, 183,
625
Herds of San Gabriel, iii, 654-
655
so
Index
Hermosillo, Mexico, iv, 127
Herod, king, iv, 4^
Heroism of the friars, iii, 290,
318-319, 662-663
Herrera, Jose, sergeant, iii, 156
Herrera, Jose Joaquin, acting
Pres., Mexico, decree restor-
ing Pious Fund, iv, 256, 403-
404, 434;-elected President,
405;-asks public prayers, 406;-
memorial from Bishop Diego,
407-410 ;-appeals to Fr. Duran,
428-429 ;-forbids sale of Mis-
sions, 455 ;-appoints Pico gov-
ernor, 483 ;-resigns, 475, 670;-
ment., 699
Herrera, Jose Maria, collector
of territ. revenues, iii, 222,
233, 236, 237;-arrested by
Echeandia, 284, 328;-reap-
pointed, 506;-ment., 300
Herrera, Juan, ii, 121
Hidalgo, Fr. Jose Maria, guar-
dian, iii, 465;-iv, 78, 429, 521;-
autograph, 78
Hidalgo, Fr. Miguel, O. P., ii,
442-444
Hidalgo, Rev. Miguel, revolts,
ii, 648;-poor specimen of pas-
tor, 649;-captured, 650;-re-
traction or satisfaction, 650;-
executed, 6S0;-iii, ment., 17,
47, 94
Hidalgo revolt begins ruin of
Cal. Missions, ii, 648-651
Hidden motive of paisano hos-
tility, iv, 775-782
Hides and tallow, Mission ex-
ports, ii, 262;-iii, 342
Highhanded action of Jose Cas-
tro, iv, 423
Highest number of friars in
California, ii, 632
High Mass at Missions, ii, 627.
See Mass
High Mass refused by Fr.
Duran, iv, 29-30
High schools as yet unsuitable
for Indians, ii, 270
Highwayman's method, iv, 423-
427, 429
Higuera, Jose, land grant, iii,
646
Higuera, Juan, iii, 351
Higuera, Nicolas, iii, 585
Hijar, Jose Maria, active
against Missions, iii, 501, 504,
506;-arrives in Calif, with col-
onists, 507;-disappointed, 508;
-demands, 509-5 10 ;-leaves for
Mexico, 511;-ment., 512, 515,
518, 520, 534;-iv, commis-
sioner, 388 ;-encour ages Bish-
op Diego, 389, 406;-dies at
Los Angeles, 389;-ment., 109,
376
Hijar-Bandini swindle, iii, 507-
512;-iv, 109
Hijos del Pais, ii, 475;— iii, 63;-
iv, 502;-must be blamed for
mission ruin, 13-14, 17, 18
Hildrup, Jesse S., historical ex-
aggerations, iii, 637
Hill, Daniel A., iv, 456, 457, 460
Hill, Samuel, iv, 234
Hill, Mulligan's, ii, 41
Hippolytans, iii, 93, 98
Hireling comisionados, iv, 387-
388
Hiring out Indians forbidden,
iv, 156
History which Fr. Seiian failed
to write, iii, 174
History of Mission Indians for
a century, iv, 533
Historical drawback, ii, 458-459
Hittell, Theodore, historian, ii,
70;-on Cal. Indians, 225;-
senseless animosity to mis-
sionaries, 263, 265;-correct
view of Neve's conduct to-
wards Fr. Serra, ii, 316-317;-
cynicism, 468 ;-dia tribes, 505,
614-615 ;-on Langsdorff, 635;-
bold misstatement, 614-616;-
iii, bigotry of, 9;-dishonesty,
495;-on Figueroa's seculariza-
tion act, 533-534 ;-on the ad-
ministrators^ 535;-telling ad-
mission, 595-596 ;-ment., 306;-
suppresses evidence, iv, 29;-
rampant, 81-82;-on confisca-
tion decree, 380;-pleased, 420;
-on Castro and Pico, 492
Hixosa, Francisco, ii, 162
Hodge, Frederick W., ii, 225
Hoffman, Judge Ogden, Opin-
ion in Land Cases, iv, 747-759
Holbein, Rev. John Chrys., C.
SS. CC, iv, 613, 621, 622, 627,
685
Hollister, Cal., ii, 94, 144
Holy Eucharist not comprc-
Index
51
hended by early, neophytes
generally, ii, 253
Holy Gospel, Province of, iii,
465
Holy Land, iii, 465, 620
Holy Land needs missionaries,
ii, 476-477
Holy Office, Commissary of, ii,
542-543
Holy Oils, ii, 642-645;-iii, 249;-
iv, 121, see Oils
Holy See, ii, 541-542, 603-604;-
provides Bishop for Califor-
nia, iv, 195-201, 666;-Mexico
to furnish subsistence for
Bishop, 671 ;-Monterey to be
the seat of Bishop Alemany,
687; see Bishops Diego, Ale-
many and Amat
Holy Week at Missions, ii, 627;
-ment., 368
Honest men scarce, iii, 134
Honest penny of paisano chiefs,
iv, 582
Honolulu, Sandwich Islands, iii,
650, 651;-iv, 612, 615, 782
Honolulu, The, iii, 651
Horcasitas, Sonora, ii, 174, 189
Hordes of Jose Castro, iv, 422,
485
Horra, Fr. Ant. de la Concep.,
at San Miguel, ii, 496;-goes
insane, 549-551;-accusations
against the friars, 552, 582,
584
Horrible custom, ii, 240
Horrors of hatred for Religion
in Mexico, iv, 794-799
Horseback riding and St. Fran-
cis, iii, 88
Horseflesh used as food by sav-
ages, iv, 310
Horses ordered slaughtered by
government, iii, 80
Horses forbidden to neophytes,
iii, 29
Horse-stealing, iii, 29;-iv, 310-
311, 318, 638;-punishment for,
642-643
Horticulture at Missions, iv,
534;-by colonists, 534
Hospice or convent, iv, 703
Hospital, City, S. Francisco, in
hands of Sisters, iv, 715
Hospitality of the Missions, iv,
33 i
Hostility of Bancroft to Fr.
Serra, ii, 315-316
Hostility to friars, motive for,
ii, 363, 406
Hostility to. Missions, cause of,
iii, 319-320
Hours of labor at Missions, ii,
560-561
How filthy stories about priests
and monks originate, iv, 806-
812
Howard, Volney E., iv, 732
Hoyo, Carlos del, iv, 670
Hual (Vual), raijcheria, ii, 623
Hubal (Bubal?), rancheria, iii,
24
Hueneme, Laguna, iv, 510
Hughes, Bishop John, iv, 665,
731
Huima Island (Santa Rosa), ii,
619
Humane Protestant captain, iii,
333
Humboldt, Alexander, ii, 224
Humboldt, Cal., iv, 653;-County,
654
Humiliating situation for the
friars, ii, 284, 315, 333, 546,
578-589
Humiliation of the friars, iv,
98, 100-102, 115, 217-218
Hundred blows with lash to In-
dians at Los Angeles, iii, 478
Hunter, J. D., Indian agt, iv,
593-595, 641-642 ;-instructions
to, 595-596 ;-ment., 590
Hunting bears, ii, 100-102
Husbands, American and Eng-
lish preferred, iv, 414, 416
Hymn of Fr. Antonio Margil,
ii, 401
Hypocrisy of Mission critics, ii,
276, 292;-6f Neve, ii, 286;-of
Pico, iv, 352-353, 363-364, 433,
495-496;-of Vallejo, iii, 592-
593
Ibanez, Fr. Florencio, assists
the dying Gov. Arrillaga, iii,
8;-autograph, iii, 8
Ibirra (Ybarra), Fr. Francisco
Gonzalez de, leaves College
for Calif., iii, 56;-arrives, 84;-
fearless exposure of worthless
I soldiery, 227-231 ;-will swear
52
Index
conditionally, 244;-on Echc-
andia's activity, 416-417;-
ment, 236, 270, 273, 575;-ill-
treatcd by administrators, iv,
179-182;-flces to Sonora, 115;-
death of, 279;-ment., 160, 237,
596;-autograpli, iii, 231
Ibarra, Juan Maria, iii, 235, 301,
601, 602, 667
Iberian Peninsula, ii, 648
Icarza, Antonio dc, iv, 203^
Icazbalceta, Joaquin Garcia, ii,
672. 673
Ide, William B., Bear Flag lead-
er, iv, 542;-proclamation, 544-
545
Idiosyncrasies of Fr. Luis Mar-
tinez, iii, 281
Idiotic recommendation, ii, 430-
431;-scheme, iii, 323-324
Idle gente de razon, iii, 130-132;
-rebuked, 67, 662, iv, 592
Idle soldiery source of troubles,
ii, 406-407, 469-470, 569;-iii. 35,
131, 262, 553-554, iv, 592
Idleness, excuse of soldiers for,
iii, 131
Idolatry among the Indians, ii,
237
Ignorance of some non-Catho-
lics, ii, 69-70;-iv, 814-815
Ignorance of paisano would-be
statesmen, iii, 160, 323-324,
613
Ignorance of school knowledge
not advocated, ii, 272
Iguala, Plan de, iii, 108, 148,
153, 217
Illegal and revolutionary meas-
ures, iii. 349-350, 353, 523-532;
-iv, 373-375, 445-450
Illiteracy among Mexican sol-
diers and colonists, ii, 473
Illuminati, iii, 166
Illustrations that do not illus-
trate, iv, 814-815
Imacre, bronze, at Dolores, ii,
322
Imbecile government, iv, 318
Immigrants of every and of no
religion, iv, 603, 612
Immorality in California, iv, 71,
108;-among emancipated In-
dians, 452;-among the offi-
cials, iv, 4, 19. 22. 41;-among
soldiers, ii, 572;-iii, 230-231
Imperfect catechetical instruc-
tion, iii, 611-616
Impertinent assembly, iii, 530-
531
Implacable paisano chiefs, iii,
556
Implements, agricultural, ii, 258-
260
Impostor, clerical, iv, 616-617,
665
Impracticable plans, ii. 521-523,
529-530
Impressions made by means of
pictures, ii, 192
Imprisonment no hardship to
Indians, iii. 456
Impudence of soldiers, iii, 31-33
Imputation, insulting, ii, 308
Imuris, Sonora, ii, 174
Inability of friars to pay money,
ii, 410
Incentive to join Missions, ii,
264
Income of the friars, ii, 460-462
Income, fixed, for friars refused
by Fr. Duran, iv, 175-177
Income from Mission leases
after confiscation, iv. 465, 467-
469
Incomunicado, Fr. L. Martinez
held, iii. 292
Inconsiderate troops, iii, 126-127
Incorrigible Indian, ii, 508
Indemnity to Mexico by U. S.,
iv, 629-630
Independence of the Church,
iv, 44-47
Independence, declaration of
by the four confederates, iv,
55-56
Independence of Mexico de-
clared, iii, 108
Independence thrust upon im-
mature people, iv, 316;-not
wanted by neophytes, iv,
316-317
Independence, The, iv, 579
India, Apostle of Farther, ii,
300
Indian Affairs, U. S. Commis-
sioner of, confesses failure of
Government's educational
methods, ii. 267-271
Indian agency system often un-
fortunate for Indians, iv, 596
Indian agents appointed for
Mission Indians, iv, 593
Index
53
Indian clans and tribes in Cal-
ifornia ;-Beneme, ii, 194;-Ca-
juenches, ii, 136;-Canicaimos,
iii, 146, 176, 182;-Chaclanes
(Sacalanes), ii, S03;-Cha-
guanosos, iv, 310, 311;-Co-
somnes, iv, 216;-Cuchillones,
ii, 503, 507 ;-Danzarines, ii, 136;
-Dieguenos, ii, 170;-Digger, ii,
224;-iv, 652;-Gualacomnes, iv,
216;-Jamajab, ii, 193-196, 199;
-Mojaves (Mohaves, Jama-
jabs), ii, 193-195, 197, 199,
200; iii, 31-33, 38, 62;-Mu-
quelumnes (Muguelomnes),
iii, 37; iv, 216, 311, 314;-
Mutsun, ii, 299;-Noches, ii,
197;-Oche James, iv, 216;-
Petalumas, ii, 176, 182;-Saca-
lanes, ii, 506;-Saniles, ii, 283;
-Shoshones, ii, 226;-Suisunes,
ii, 626;-Sumtaches, iii, 23;-
Tulares, ii, 601, 620; iii, 26-29;
iv, 310, 313, 322;-Tunisumnes,
iv, 216;-Ululatos, iii, 146;-Yu-
mas, ii, 136, 139, 176, 189, 193,
199-200, 352-357, 368; iii, 609;-
Zalampai, iii, 585.
Indians, their affection for mis-
sionaries, iii, 193, 484, 581;
iv, 537;-amusements of, ii,
235-236, 274, 564;-annihilation
of to be prevented, iv, 654;-
as apprentices at Missions,
iii, 436-437 ;-armed with mod-
ern weapons, iii, 146;-attract-
ed, not forced, into Mis-
sions, ii, 248, 263 ;-Baptism,
first, administered to, ii, 28-
29;-bearded, ii, 97;-not alone
blameworthy, iv, 647-657;-
boats of, ii, 33, 503;-boys to
be educated in Mexico, iii,
450, 470;-burials and burial
places of, ii, 37;-of Cali-
fornia and Mexico com-
pared, iii, 450;-calmed by Fr.
Serra, ii, 214;-character of, ii,
11, 224-241, 337, 533; iii, 33,
39, 340; iv, 289, 318-319, 537;-
Christians of Lower Cali-
fornia, ii, 18, 54, 587;-clean-
liness of in savage state, ii,
230-233 ;-cleverness of, ii, 33;
-after confiscation of the
Missions, iv, 215-216, 581-582,
see Demoralized, Depreda-
tions, Turbulence ;-contented
under missionaries, ii, 337,
639-640; iii, 321, 379-380, 426-
427, 431, 498, 581; iv, 640,
643-644, 649;-cohverts more
free than savages, ii, 264-
265 ;-con verts must be loyal
to God, ii, 264;-criminals
punished, iii, 13;-dancing, ii,
36-37, 235-236 ;-deceptive, ii,
240;-decrease, iii, 263-264; iv,
320-322, 654;-degradation after
confiscation felt, iv, 141, see
Slavery; -demoralized after
confiscation, iv, 110-111, 138,
450-452, 454, 636-637, 639-640;
-deserting, decree against, iv,
17; -depredations, ii, 20-21,
157, 612; iii, 28, 34, 194-211,
437; iv, 308-320, 636-638, 646,
648;-dialects and languages,
ii, 102, 227, 252-253; iii, 42-43,
610-61 l;-discontented, iv, 17-
18;-dislike for mental exer-
tion ii, 172;-disregard for hu-
man life, ii, 240-241 ;-dress in
savage state, ii, 33, 149-150,
228;-dress at Missions, ii, 262-
263, 556-557 ;-dullness, ii, 353,
498, 639;-elections, ii, 336-346,
540;-iii, 150;-emancipated and
Mission compared, iv, 346;-
emancipated, conduct of, iv,
110, 140-141, 148-149, 308, see
Depredations, Demoralized ;-
emancipation of, "criminal
blunder," iv, 636-637 ;-encoun-
tered by Portola, ii, 27-29, 32,
33, 35-37, 39, 40, 49, 52, 53, 79;
-executed at Purisima, iii, 204;
-exempt from taxation, iii,
139;-features of Tartars, iii,
130;-food in savage state, ii,
230-233 ;-food at Missions, ii,
554-556, 637; iii, 264;-forced
into U. S. Government schools,
ii, 267-269;-free as children
under missionaries, ii, 265; iii,
188, 379, 380, 426-427, 431; iv,
17-18;-freedom after confisca-
tion, iii, 587; iv, 100, 103, 183,
374, 431, 448, 464, 466, 647,
650;- friendly, ii, 103, 169, 181,
203, 624;-games, ii, 37, 235,
274, 564;-to God and Relig-
ion only they yielded their
savage liberty, ii, 264; iv. 111,
54
Index
117;-govcrnment in savage
state, ii, 236;-girls at Missions,
ii, 572;-girls marry white men,
iii, 645;-highest number at
Missions^ iii, 264;~hiring out
forbidden, iv, 156;-on horse-
back, ii, 425;-labor on holy-
days, emancipated forced to,
iii, 477-478 ;-al ways hungry, ii,
555-556 ;-idea of liberty, iii,
339, 416, 478, 487, 491; iv, 387;
-idolatry in savage state, ii,
237 ;-ill treated at presidios and
elsewhere, ii, 561-563; iii, 478;
iv, 129-130, 647-654 ;-imi tat ivc,
ii, 271 ;-imprisoned unjustly,
ii, 425-426 ;-incapable of self-
government, as yet, ii, 337;
iii, 387-389, 480, 483; iv, 137,
245;-inconstant, ii, 271, 595;
iii, 28;-indolent, ii, 231, 232,
266; iii, 437, 490-492 ;-indus-
tries in savage state, ii, 231,
233-235 ;-ingratitude of, ii, 241;
iii, 11, 12; iv, 378-379;-insub-
ordinate, ii, 506-507; iii, 409;-
instrumental music of, ii, 263;
iv, 229, 452, 454;-labor of
needed by whites, iii, 205,' 520;
-laborers at ranchos, iii, 491;-
land titles of, iii, 638; iv, 464,
467;-learn Spanish, ii, 102;-
liberated from prison, ii, 213;-
marriage of in savage state,
ii, 239;-maltreated and massa-
cred by whites, iv, 129, 314,
647-654 ;-friars and colonists
massacred by, ii, 169-170, 353;
-minors before the law, iii,
424-427; iv, 347;-money of
early, ii, 235, 619;-morality of
savages, ii, 238-239 ;-mortality,
iii, 79;-musicians, iv, 452-454;
-number, highest, in Mission
period, iii, 264; iv, 657;-of
northwest coast, ii, 148-149,
1 55-157 ;-not bound to furnish
supplies, iv, 22-23 ;-occupation
as savages, ii, 230-233 ;-op-
pressed by whites, iii, 306,
326-327, 399;-origin of, ii, 226;
—overcharged by whites, ii,
570-571 ;-overgrown children,
ii. 265-266, 499; iii, 277, 424-
425, 497;-overworked at pre-
sidios, ii, 561-563, 570;-over-
worked for troops, iii, 35-36,
127, 165, 210, 490, 553; iv, 27;-
owners, rightful, of Mission
property, iii, 375; iv, 83, 286,
288, 290, 341, 347, 351, 373,
437, 483, 506;-paid with whis-
key, iv, 650;-of Paraguay, iii,
13/;-patience of, iv, 305;-
peons under Vallejo, iv, 136-
137, 155;-physically, ii, 227-
228;-as police, ii, 339;-popu-
lation, ii, Z7, 225-226, 490-492,
624; iv, 130, 322, 657;-presents
from, ii, 11, 32, 36;-property
of not public, nor national,
iv, 26-27, 377;-rancherias nu-
merous, ii, ZZ, 226-227, 623-
624; iii, 143, 145;-reading,
taste for lacking, ii, 274;-
realize hard lot, iv, 141;-rea-
soned after all, iv, 95;-refuse
freedom offered, iii, 351;-re-
fuse to work, iii, 433, 535-536;
-regard as evil for what they
are chastized, iii, 458;-to re-
join Missions, iv, 280;-relig-
ious notions, ii, 236-237 ;-re-
quire government protection
still, iv, 142;-require time for
civilization, iii, 312-313, 315;—
reservations for, ii, 268, Z37\
iv, 655-656 ;-revolts of, ii, 165,
169, 215; iii, 194-206; iv, 537;-
right to their land, ii, 515; iv,
464, 467, 533, 729-731 ;-rights
upheld by missionaries and
Church, ii, 517-519; iv, 545;-
robbed repeatedly, iv, 112;-at
San Diego, ii, 11, 13, 19-20;-
seduced by schemers, iv, 108-
109, 308;-sensitive of wrongs,
iv, 84, 141;-Fr. Serra's confi-
dence in, ii, 101-102 ;-similar
to schoolboys, iv, 345;— sim-
plicity of abused, iv, 184;-
singing of, ii, 148;-slavery of
under administrators and co-
misionados, iii, 478-479, 541,
588, 591, 596; iv, 84, 110, 118,
135-137, 152, 153, 155-157, 273,
317-318;-subdued by Christi-
anity alone, iv, 289;-supersti-
tion of, ii. 237-238, 614;-sym-
pathy of Governor Mason for,
iv. 593, 641-642 ;-taxed for
schools of whites, iv, 93-94;-
ten years tutelage of, iii, 137,
533;-thievish and insolent, ii,
19-20: 394;-tobacco used by,
ii, 235;-treacherous, ii, 157,
Index
55
240, 340. 610, 612-614;-turn
on tormentors, iv, 315-316,
647-648;-turbulent, iii, 305-306,
339, 382, 433, 457, 479, 535-
536; iv, 307-308, 387, 637-638,
643-645 ;-under pa id by whites,
ii, 514;-ungrateful, iv, 378-
379;-untruthful, ii, 240; iv,
426;-vices of, ii, 239-241; iv,
137;-victims of epidemics, iv,
696;-virtues of, ii, 241; iv, 305;
-vocabularies, iii, 61 1 ;-wares
and traffic of, ii, 149-150;-
wealth of Missions produced
by, iii, 499;-weapons of, ii,
230;-whipping not opposed
by, iii, 455, see Flogging ;-
women flogged by soldiers,
ii, 615;-women, savages, dis-
figured, ii, 321-322
Indians and Fr. Garces, ii, 192-
200
Indians and friars asked to con-
tribute to Spanish war fund,
ii, 465-466, see Donativo.
Indifference to American inva-
sion, iv, 547
Indifference of paisanos to Re-
ligion, iii, 612;-iv, 520
Indignant protest of Fr. Duran,
iv, 288-293
Indignities heaped upon Fr.
Martinez, iii, 332-334 ;-on Fr.
Mercado, iv, 423-425 ;-on Fr.
Ibarra, see Ibarra
Indignity to the Church of
Christ, ii, 603-605
Individual ownership of Indian
land, iv, 464-465
Indolence of the paisanos, iv,
319, 592
Indulgence to Mission church,
Santa Barbara, iv, 720-721
Indulgence of Portiuncula, ii,
31, see Our Lady of the An-
gels
Industries at Missions, ii, 254,
261-262. 274, 534-539, 557, 560-
564, 570;-iv, 86, 88, 530-536
Industry must be at head of In-
dian education, ii, 270
Inestrillas, Fr. Sebastian de, ii,
519
Infanticide among savage In-
dians, ii, 240
Infidelity and moral corrup-
tion, iii, 543-544
Infidelity gone mad, iv, 662,
794-799
Influence of Mission System
over Indians of to-day, iv,
533-534
Influence of Religion over In-
dians, iv, 536-537
Information desired by Presi-
dent 3ustamante, iii, 337
Informe Anual, first, ii, 446
Informe Biografico, or biograph-
ical sketches of friars, iii, 46,
52,78
Informes, or official reports, ii,
137
Ingrates, paisano, iii, 557-558
Inhabitants of California not
against friars, iv, 13
Iniquitous scheme of De Croix
and Neve, ii, Zll
Iniquitous decrees, iii, 347-353,
523-533 ;-iv, 286-287, 373-375,
445-450
Injustice, enormous, to Indians,
iii, 349;-iv, 288-293
In loco parentis, ii, 111, 119>
133;-iii, 639-640
Innocent XI, Pope, ii, 605;-iii,
103
Inquiries of Mexican Govern-
ment, iv, 69
Inquisition, Spanish, iii, 564,
623-629
Insatiable troops, iii, 227-228,
236-237, 460
Inscription on Cross at Car-
melo, ii, 57;-at Monterey Bay,
58; in northern voyage, 147;—
over tomb of Bishop Diego.
iv, 519
Insincerity of assembly, iv, 31-
Insinuation, unwarrantable, iv,
418
Insolence of administrators and
other officials, iii, 188-193; iv,
147, see Administrators ;-of
soldiers, ii, 420, see Soldiers,
Guards ;-of Yumas, ii, 358; iii,
230-233 ;-of Salvador Vallejo,
see Vallejo
Inspector of Missions, salary
and instructions, iv, 146-147
Installation of first assembly,
iii, 157
Instance of white depravity, iv,
34-35
56
Index
Instructions, catechetical, see
Catechetical ;-Fr. Garces's
way, ii, 192;-in Indian, ii, 553-
554, 593; iii, 5, 42-43, 607-611;
-for settlers, 6, 611-616
Instructions, governmental, to
Fages, ii, 82-84, 94, 105;-to
Rivera, 132-133 ;-to Neve, 280;
-forgotten, 41 5-416;-to guards
accompanying missionaries,
611;-confidential to agent
Carey Jones, iv, 728-729
Instructions of Fr. Durin to
friars for case of death, iii,
449-450 ;-on changed condi-
tions, 542-548
Intentions for holy Masses, ii,
577-578
Interamna, (Terni), Italy, Gen-
eral Chapter at, ii, 476
Intercourse between neophytes
and pagans, ii, 567, 595;-be-
tween neophytes and whites,
ii, 568-572
Interference, with missionary
aflFairs, ii. 280-292, 302-305,
308, 312, 315, 442-443 ;-iii, 326
Interior of California first trav-
ersed by Fr. Garces, ii, 134-
135, 191-200, 620
Interpreters, Indian, used, ii,
19-20, 167, 175, 252-253 ;-make-
shift, iii, 607
Interregnum in California, iii,
365-366;-iv, 816
Interrogatorio, or Inquiry, iii,
10-11
Intolerable conditions, iii, 578;-
iv, 100-101, 115, 180-181
Intolerance of Catholic Church,
iii, 171, 568
Invalid marriages, iv, 415
Inventories, iii, 534;-iv, 238, 380-
381
Inwardness, true, of paisano
hostility to Victoria, iii, 361
Ireland, iv, 548, 627-628, 708
Irizarria, Most Rev., iv, 202
Iron needed at Missions, ii, 112;
-iii, 168
Irregularities of Pico and as-
sembly, iv, 502-504, see Frau-
dulent titles
Irreligion of paisano chiefs, iv,
50:-of politicians in Spain, iii,
110;-cause of cupidity of Mis-
sion enemies, iii, 31/-318
Isabella of Spain, iii, 624
Isidoro, Indian, iv, 452
Isla de Dolores, or Isle of Sor-
rows, ii, 158;--de los Angeles,
or Angel Island, iii, 27;-iv,
208
Island, Catalina, ii, 29;-Santa
Cruz, 11; Cedros, 12;-Angel,
iii, 27;-iv, 208;-Farallones,
see
Isolation of friars perilous, iii,
577
Israelite bravery and piety, ii,
478;-iii, 579
Isthmus of Panama, iv, 612,
682, 688, 697, 714, 715, 718
Italian friar not admitted by
viceroy, iii, 616-617
Italy, iv, 409, 498
Iturbide, Agustin, revolts against
Spain, iii, 108;-his troops oc-
cupy San Fernando College,
110;-regency, 147-148;-prohib-
its certain books, 169-170;-
executed, 158-159;-ment., 94,
104, 218
Iturbide, Joaquin de, Mexican
Minister, iv, 83, 86, 90, 91,
210-212, 406;-autograph, 210
Iturbide, Fr. Pedro M. de, ii,
454
Iturrigaray, Jose de, viceroy,
exonerates friars, ii, 582-583;-
forbids change in Mission
system, ii, 590;-has letters of
friars to College and one an-
other go free, 602;-on Mis-
sion Santa Ines, 600-causes
investigation into Indian mor-
tality, 608-609 ;-ref uses permit
to Italian friar, 617;-deposed,
646;-autograph, 609
Jacal, shelter of brushwood or
poles, ii, 176
Jacinto Mountain, ii, 439
Jacobinism, iv. 107
Jackson, President Andrew, iv,
792-793
Jackson, Helen H., iii, 596;-iv,
75, 596. 656, 674
Jacopin Valley, ii. S29;-iii, 143
Jaguara. or San Jacinto, iii, 144
Jaime (Jayme), Fr. Antonio, at
Soledad, iii, 19;-ill, 91, 174,
Index
57
200 ;-ref uses oath, 244;-death
of, 2J1, 290;-ment., 256, 270,
273;-autograph, 200
Jaume (Jayme), Fr. Luis, ar-
rives, ii, 85;-at San Diego, 85,
89, 128;-murdered, 169-170;-iv,
809
/Jalisco Franciscan Province, ii,
320
Jalisco, iii, 422;-iv, 330, 591
Jamajab or Mohave Indians, ii,
193-196, 199, 200
Jamtil Rancho, iv, 308, 309
Jansenism, ii, 255
Jansenists, iii, 94, 95
Jansens, Agustin, iv, 183
Japan, iv, 790
Jauregui, attorney, iv, 438
Jealousy of military cause of
oppression, ii, 363, 406
Jealousy of paisano chiefs, iii,
510
Jefe Politico, or governor, iii,
157-158, 234
Jesuits and Carlos III, ii, 67;-
churches, 84;-empowered to
confirm, 297;-submissive, 285;
-Superiors of, 488;-and Pious
Fund, 284, 530;-ment., 317,
649, 658, 673;-iii, 48, 93, 97,
110, 376, 456;-iv, in Lower
California, 536;-in Canada, 11-
12;-admitted by Santa Anna,
282-284 ;-desired by Bishop
Diego, 222-223 ;-establi shed
Pious Fund, 242;-in Paraguay,
433-434 ;-invited to Upper Cali-
fornia, 627, 676-677 ;-establish
college at Santa Clara, 690-
691;-ment., 294, 686
Jesus Maria Valley, iii, 145
Jimenez del Recio, Rev. An-
tonio Maria, arrives, iv, 227;-
ordained, 258;-takes oath, 282;
-at S. Gabriel, 323;-ment., 228,
240, 257, 516, 685
Jimenez, Minister of Interior,
iv, 259
Jimeno Brothers, iii, 247, 253
Jimeno, Fr. Antonio, arrives,
iii, 247, 272 ;-def ends Fr. Mar-
tinez, 288, 291;-rebukes Eche-
andia, 292;-named to act as
presidente in emergency, 307;
corrects Fr. Ordaz, 574;-in
charge of Santa Barbara Mis-
sion, 452;-iv, at Santa Bar-
bara, 102 ;-in charge of tem-
poralities at San Buenaven-
tura, 296, 355, 507;-resents
charge of disloyalty, 419;-
succeeds Fr. J. J. Jimeno, 720;
-ment., 20, 113, 158, 237, 263,
279, 282, 286, 295, 323, 512,
515, 518, 685, 697, 703, 705-707;
-autograph iii, 292
Jimeno Casarin, Manuel, arrives,
iii, 253;-assembly member,
597;-iv, acting governor, 118,
124;-secretary to Alvarado,
684;-ment., 66, 123, 126, 127,
145, 202, 226, 266, 268, 271,
311, 312, 333, 687
Jimeno, Fr. Jose Joaquin, ar-
rives, iii, 247, 267, 272;-on
emancipating Indians, 375-376;
-retires to Santa Ines, 452,
575;-iv, offends Chico, 20-21;-
rector of seminary, 263, 412;-
presidente of Fernandinos, 79,
296;-asks for land grant for
seminary, 261 ;-on * temporal
affairs of Mission Santa Ines,
356-357 ;-offends Fr. Duran,
386;-to Pico on comisionados,
388;-receives pittance, 465;-in
distress, 469 ;-comisario per-
fecto, 525;-to succeed Fr. Ru-
bio, 521;-circulars, 177, 598-
599;-resigns as rector, 625;-at
first synod, 692;-founds col-
lege at Santa Barbara, 703-
704;-declines to cede parish
church for Mission, 720;-be-
fore Land Commission, iZZ\-
death of, 719-720;-Archbishop
Alemany's veneration for, 719-
720;-ment., 30, 36, 37, 237, 273,
279, 295, 323, 512, 515, 518, 683-
685, 697, 698, 701, 707-709, 716,
735;-autograph, iv, 20
Joaquin, muleteer, iii, 556
Jonatas, rancheria, ii, 679
Jones, John C, marries a Car-
rillo, iv, 236;-ment., 234-235,
336, 782
Jones, General R., iv, 610, 636
Jones, W. A., Commissioner In-
dian Affairs, ii, 267-270
Jones, William Carey, confiden-
tial agent, iv, 728;-his in-
structions, 728-729 ;-researches
and report, 729-731
58
Index
Johnson, Captain A. R., rash at-
tack, iv, 572-573
Jordan River, ii, 497
Jordan, Rev. Paul, iv, 690
Joven Guipuzcoana, The, iv, 129
Juan de Dios, Indian, iv, 452
Juanites, or Brothers of San
Juan de Dios, iii, 98
Juarez, Benito, decrees enslav-
ing Religion, iv, 699, 794
Juarez, Nicolas, iii, 585
Jubabal rancheria, iii, 145
Jueptahua, on route of Fr.
Payeras, iii, 143
Juda, Lion of, iv, 288
Judas and Vallejo, iv, 780
Jueces de Policia, iv, 311
Jugglery of Bancroft, iv, 503
Julian, Indian, iii, 13
Julian, the Apostate, iii, 98
Julius II, Pope, ii, 460, 671
Jumin, El Alto de, ii, 48
Juncosa, Fr. Domingo, arrives,
ii, 84-85 ;-at San Luis Obispo,
85, 89;-at San Carlos, 103-
104, 129;-retires, 132
Juno, The, ii, 634;-iv, 549
Junta de Fomento, iii, 159, 208
Junta militar of Castro, iv, 480-
482
Jurisdiction, southern & north-
ern, in Lower California, iv,
676
Justice, sense of, in Bishop Ale-
many, iv, 709
Justices of proposed supreme
court, iv, 127
Juxtaposition, queer, ii, 463
Juyunga, Indian village, ii, 491
K
Kaahuamanu, King, iii, 651
Kalendarios, ii, 63
Kamchatka, ii, 634;-iv, 293
Kanaks, or Sandwich Islanders,
iii, 269
Kansas, iv, 569
Karimoko, The, iii, 261
Keane, Sister Mary Augustine,
iv, 714
Kearny, General Stephen W.,
march from Leavenworth, iv,
569;-his force, 571 ;-wounded
at San Pascual, 573-574 ;-gov-
ernor, 579;-assures freedom of
\y or ship, 580-581 ;-proclama-
tion on Mission property, 583,
723;-ment., 572, 577, 586, 589.
593, 597, 638, 724, 817;-auto-
graph, 580, on insert
Kelley, Rev. Francis, iv, 795-796
Kelseyville Indians, iii, 609
Kendrick, Juan, ii, 441-442
Kenrick, Most Rev. Francis
Patrick, iv, 693
Kentucky, iv, 569, 687
Kern Lake, ii, 197
Kern River, ii, 198, 623
Keys, power of the, iv, 46
Kilborn, Mr., iv, 615
Kilkenny, Ireland, iv, 714
Kilkenny Cats, the paisano
chiefs like, iv, 74
Kilmacdough, Ireland, iv, 628
Kindliness of the friars, ii, 93,
265, 277-278, 467-468, 636;-iv,
537
King Ferdinand II, ii, 670-671,
see Fernando
King George's Sound, ii, 152
King Philip, iii, 136
King of Poland, iii, 209
King of Spain, deceived, ii, 290-
291, 427-428; -orders more
Missions erected, 350;-decree
on Church Asylum, 669-670;-
regarded himself supreme in
Church matters, 463;-ment.,
540, 655, 660;-iii, thanks FF.
Payeras and Martinez, 61;-
ment., 138, 160, 219, 296, 563,
620;-iv, under obligation to
friars, 337 ;-ment., 738-743
Kings River, ii, 623;-iii, 23
Kino, Rev. Eusebio, S. J., ii,
134
Kinsale, Ireland, iv, 714
Kipling, Rudyard, on mission
life, ii, 332-333
Kit Carson, iv, 569, 572, 575
Kitchen legislation, ii, 332
Klamath Lake, iv, 545
Knowledge of reading and wri-
ting aid to Religion, ii, 272
Kodiak, The, ii, 634
Kodiacks, or Alaskan Indians,
ii, 642
Koran, iii, 218
Kotzebue, Otto von, iii, 82-84,
188-189
Kroeber, A. L., ii, 225-227 ;-iii,
609
Index
59
Labor, Indians averse to, ii, 230-
233, see Indolence
Labor, manual, preferable to
mere book-learning, ii, 270 ^
Labor of the missionaries nulli-
fied, iv, 452
Labor not relished by paisano
chiefs, iii, 500
Labor shunned by the soldiery,
ii, 470
Lachuo, rancheria, ii, 623, 682
Lack of honest Mexican history
in English, iv, 699
Lack of supplies, ii, 61, 172,
374;-of .medicines, 14;-of
funds for Bishop Diego, iv,
391
Lady Poverty, ii, 580, 632;-iv,
219-220
Lady of Refuge, our, iv, 260-261
Lady and Tiger, ii, 673
La Ensenada de los Llorones,
ii, 165, 180, 204
La Gaceta, newspaper, iii, 109
Lagos, Jalisco, iv, 519
Laguna de la Concepcion, ii,
35;-de los Dolores, ii, 204;-
Grande, ii, 3S, 52;-de la Grul-
la, ii, 45;-Hueneme, iv, 510;-
de Merced, ii, 143, 166;-
Salobre, ii, 175;-Seca, iv, 326;
-de Santa Eulalia, ii, 176
Laguna de Olalla (Eulalia), ii,
176;-Anza at, 192
La Hoya de San Francisco, ii,
40
La Laguna, iv, 265, 736
La Mayor, vineyard, iv, 266, 736
La Mesa, battlefield, iv, 578
La Paz, Lower California, ii, 12
La Perouse, ii, 635, see Perouse
La Posa de Osuna, ii, 27
La Puente, iv, 788
La Reina de los Angeles, The,
iii, 62, 66
La Salud, camp, ii, 48
La Salve, rancheria, ii, 620
Lake County, iii, 609
Lake Pinto, or Amesti, ii, 47
Lamberville, the two Fathers,
S. J., iv, 11
Lambruschini, Cardinal, iv, 190
Lamenting Indians, ii, 165
Landaeta, Fr. Martin, ii, 500-
505, 534
Land Case of Archbishop Ale-
many, iv, 733-745
Land Cases before U. S. Dis-
trict Court, iv, 747-771
Land claimed by Andres and
Pio Pico, iv, 746
Land claims, U. S. Congress
passes law on, iv, 731
Land Commission organized by
Congress, iv, 732
Land Commission, number of
cases before, iv, 746
Land Commission's decision on
Church property, iv, 733-745
Land expeditions, ii, 14-17;-to
San Francisco, 165-166, see
Expeditions
Land, extensive tracts of, out-
side the Missions, iii, 500
Land grant, first application
for, ii, 640-643
Land grant, formal, not needed
for Indian Missions, iv, 655
Land grants before Mexican In-
dependence, iii, 638-647 ;-how
effected frequently, iv, 338
Land grant to College of Santa
Ines, iv, 261-262, 734-735 ;-to
Rev. McNamara, 550
Land grants, fraudulent, iv, 504-
505, 508, 725-728
Land grants opposed by Fr.
Lasuen, iii, 643-644
Lands conceded to Church by
U. S. Commission, iv, 743-
745;-by U. S. District Courts,
746-771
Lands, Indian, seized by Pico
and confederates, iv, 364, 367,
506-507
Lands, Indian, only unclaimed
could be granted, iii, 387
Lands, Mission, property of
neophytes, iv, 437, 655, 683
Lands, title of Indians to, iii,
638;-iv, 464, 467
Lands, unjust division of, iii,
384-393
Langle, M. de, ii, 435, 436
Langlois, Rev. Anthony, ar-
rives, iv, 610;-vicario foraneo,
627, 690;-becomes Dominican,
692, 708;-ment., 682, 685, 689,
696;-autograph, 692
Langsdorff, G. H. von, on Mis-
sions in north, ii, 634-641;-
ment., 676;-iii, 264
6o
Index
Languages, multiplicity of In-
dian, ii, 252, 253;-difficulties
of acquiring, 20, 102;-medium
for all Missions, 252;-one un-
derstood by all savages, 248;-
at San Antonio, ii, 492;-at
Monterey and San Francisco,
141-142;-in the south, 491;-
necessity of learning, iii, 4-
5, 42-43, 607-611; -universal
medium, iii, 610
Llano de los Anseres, ii, 49
Lanzas, Castillo, iv, 549, 758
Laplace, Capt., iii, 652
Largest number of neophytes
in Missions, iii, 264;-iv, 529,
657;-of baptisms, deaths, mar-
riages, in Mission period, iv,
529;-of missionaries at one
time, ii, 632
Larkin, Thomas O., U. S. Con-
sul, iv, 478-479 ;-claims Santa
Clara orchard, 724, 767-771;-
ment, 120, 197, 213, 668, 670-
673, 699
Las Animas Benditas, iii, 38-39
Las Animas, or La Brea, iii,
646
Las Flores, ii, 490;-iii, 503, 531,
556;-iv, 577
Las Llagas, or Ayata, iii, 143
Las Llagas Creek, ii, 492
Las Llagas de San Francisco,
ii, 40, 204-205
Las Pozas, San Miguel Mis-
sion site, ii, 491, 493, 495
Lash, only punishment that im-
pressed savage Indians, ii,
276, 573;-for stubborn cul-
prits, 341-342 ;-common in Old
Mexico, 270;-number permit-
ted, 628;-recommended by
Gov. Mason, iv, 643, see Flog-
ging
Lasuen, Fr. Fermin Francisco
de, arrives at San Diego, his
description, ii, 127-1 28 ;-plants
Cross at San Juan Capistrano,
168-169 ;-refuses to celebrate
holy Mass before Rivera, 186-
188;-wants to retire, 210, ZZ7,
338, 385 ;-as signed to San
Diego, 214-215;-presidente,
402, 416;-circulars, 345-346,
464-465, 472. 539;-refutes
Fages, 419-427 ;-on Fr. Palou,
424;-on lonely friars, 424;-
praises Malaspina crew, 439-
440;-special report, 448-449;-
on death of Carlos III, 452;-
to Bishop Granados, 460-462;-
swears "in verbo sacerdotis,
tacto pectore," 462;-empow-
ered to confirm, 454-455 ;-asks
renewal of power, 596;-founds
Missions of Santa Barbara,
434, Purisima, 435, Santa
Cruz, 454, Soledad, 454, San
Jose, 494, San Juan Bautista
and San Miguel, 495, San
Fernando, 496, San Luis Rey,
496-497 ;-with Vancouver, 469;
-receives no stipend, 466, 523;
-his distress, 482-489 ;-con-
soles Fr. Danti, 499-500;-
compassion for his sister, 509-
510;-circular on indifferent
Catholics, 543-544 ;-on arti-
sans, 535-536 ;-to Branciforte,
537;-to Borica on Fr. Horra,
549-550;-vicario foraneo, 540-
542;-his "Respuesta," 553-582;
-more liberal than secular
official, 589;-on Mission Sys-
tem, 585-590 ;-last report, 593-
594;-on fickleness of Indians,
595;-death, 596;-Bancroft on,
597;-ment., 246, 386, 387, 389,
390, 398, 402-405, 411, 491-510,
516, 523, 525, 533-545, 548,
599-601, 607-61 l;-iii, approved
Hogging, 456 ;-def ends Indian
rights, 643;-opposes land
grant, 643-644 ;-commissary of
the Inquisition, 623;-ment.,
91, 172, 263, 409, 568, 612;-
iv, 305, 815;-autograph, vol. i,
316
Last act in Mission drama, ir,
470
Latelate, rancheria, ii, 623, 682
Latin circular of Fr. Duran,
iii, 548-550
Latin letter of Fr. Tapis, see
Tapis
Latin as medium of conversa-
tion, ii, 640-641
Latin, reading of, by neophytes,
ii. 273
Latin settlers, i. e., speaking a
Latin dialect, iii, 495
Launch of Carmelo first vessel
to enter Golden Gate, ii, 164
Law, the essence of just, iii,
244-245, 488
Index
6i
Law of Cortes of September
1813, true meaning, iii, 380,
391-392 ;-not executed in So-
nora, 488;-abused by Echean-
dia's decree, 391-392, 397;-
ment., 429, 468-469, 470, 486,
488
Law of May 6th, 1822, regu-
lating succession, iv, 3, 328
Law of December 20, 1827,
against Spaniards, iii, 265, 269
Law of secularization of August
17th, 1833, iii, 518-520, 522,
523, 532, 539
Law against religious Orders
of November 6, 1833, iii, 516-
517
Law, unauthorized, of Cali-
fornia assembly and Figueroa
of August 9th, 1834, and sup-
plement of November 4th,
1834, iii, 523-532
Law of November 7th, 1835,
revoking secularization, iv, 6,
14, 15, 18, 28, .92, 103, 112,
115, 116
Law of September 19, 1836, pro-
posing Diocese of California,
iv, 186-187
Law restoring Pious Fund to
Bishop Diego, September 19,
1836, iv, 187, 403-404
Law confiscating Pious Fund,
February 8 and October 24,
1842, iv, 242-244
Law of April 3, 1845, restoring
Pious Fund to Bishop Diego,
iv, 403-404
Law (unauthorized) of assem-
bly. May 28, 1845, confiscating
the Missions, iv, 373-375;-
ment, 380, 381, 431, 433, 444
Law or Decree ordering sale
of Missions, October 28, 1845,
iv, 445-450; ment., 455
Laws of the Indies, iii, 424;-
quoted by College, ii, 517-
518;-vioIated, 519-520
Laws of Mexican Reform not
expression of the people, iii,
245, 488
Lawlor, John, to Fr. Jos^ S4n-
chez, iii, 260-261
Lawyer, first in California, iii,
253
Lay-Brothers, ii, 632;-iii, 52
Ldzaro de la Garza y Balles-
teros. Most Rev., iv, 120-122,
197, 212, 668, 670-673, 699
Lazcano, Esteban, iii, 647, 650
Lea, H. C, iii, 624
Leader of Mexican revolt of
1810, ii, 649-650
Leafy Cape, ii, 159
Leagues, Fr. Font's, ii, 176
Lean cattle, iv, 163
Leased Missions, iv, 369, 466-
467
Leather Jacket soldiers, ii, 14,
18, 22-23, 43, 61, 111, 356;-iii,
145
Lebret, Rev. Stanislaus, C. SS.
CC, iv, 613, 621, 623-624, 627,
685;-autograph, 613
Lector, in religious Orders
equivalent to "professor," see
vol. i
Leeches, the military like, iv,
157
Legislation, last, on Pious
Fund, iv, 187, 203, 256
Legislation, ridiculous, iii, 323-
' 325
Legislative assembly, first, iii,
169;-last, iv, 484-485
Legislators elected in 1845, iv,
472
Legislators immortalize them-
selves, iii, 600
Legrand, Rev. N., iv, 685
Leiva, mayordomo, iv, 308
Leiva, Rufino, iii, 33
Lengthy document of Alvarado,
iv, 145
Leo, X, Pope, iii, 46;-iv, 304;-
Bull of, 799-802
Leo XII, Pope, iii, 266, 278
Leo XIII, Pope, iii, 442
Leon, Spain, iii, 94
Leonidas, The, iv, 36, 230
Leonor, The, iv, 3
Lessees of Missions, iv, 448,
457, 463
Lesson learned by U. S. Gov-
ernment, ii, 268-269
Lestrade, Rev. Anaclet, C. SS.
CC, iv, 627, 685, 691
Leto, Antonio, iii, 13
Letter, characteristic of Fr. Du-
ran, iv, 436;-his last, 468-469 ^
-characteristic of Fr. Serra,
ii, 385-389 ;-Fr. Serra to Fr.
Palou, ii, 62-63, 66-68 ;-shame-
62
Index
less of Alvarado to Fr. Du-
ran, iv, 784-787
Letters of friars infrequent, ii,
67;-iii, 464;-expensive, ii, 458-
459
Letter postage in early days,
ii, 113, 408-410
Leupo, Francis E., commission-
er Indian affairs, ii, 270-271
Levant, The, iv, 551-555
Leyes de la Reforma not ex-
pression of Mexican people,
iii, 245
Llebaria, Rev. Juan Francisco,
iv, 690, 694
Llera, Fr. Jose Maria Perez,
iv, 296
Liam, rancheria, on Santa Cruz
Island, ii, 619
Liberal Catholics, ii, 676-678;-
iii, 619-620
Liberalism and liberty, iv, 82
Liberalism, anti-Christian, iv,
699 ;-eff ects of, 417-421 ;-dis-
gruised Voltairianism, 779;-de-
clares war on Religion, 699;-
in German and Latin coun-
tries, 131;-in Mexico, 281,
424, 590
Liberals in Latin and German
countries, ii, 334, 406;-party
of false pretenses, iii, 95;-
why they hate religious Or-
ders, iii, 163, 171, 267, 506,
509, 565, 616-620 '
Liberato, Indian, ii, 507
Liberty, infidel conception of,
iii, 275
Liberty that deserves applause,
iii, 431
Liberty and equality, false talk
on, iv, 306-307, 345
Liberty of friars violated, ii,
423, 424, 442
Liberty for Indians according
to Echeandia, iii, 438;-bearing
fruit, 326;-Indian conception
of, 347
Liberty of neophytes under fri-
ars, iii, 379-380, 384, see also
Emancipation
Liberty yielded by Indian to
God, iv. Ill
Liberty of Religion under Lib-
eralism in Mexico, iii, 565;-
iv, 281, 794-799
Liberties, unwarrantable, taken
with reputation of priests and
religious, iv, 806-812
Library, St. Bonaventure's, ii,
388;-Vallejo's, iv, 775-782
Libro de Paten tes, ii, 627;-iii,
7,85
Libro de Gobierno, iv, 627
License to retire. Neve over-
ruled, ii, 290;-ment., 294-295,
422-423, 442-444, 627
Life of Bucareli (sketch), ii,
296;-of Bishop Diego, iv, 519;
-of Fr. Duran, 522;-of Fr.
Zalvidea, 525-526
Life of missionary, ii, 332-333;
-open book, iv, 385;-after
confiscation, 115-116;-under
Echeandia, iii, 409-410 ;-of In-
dians at Missions, ii, 252-256,
263-265, 467;-iv, 649;-under
administrators, 273
Light on Mission spoliation,
iii, 566
Lihuauhilame, rancheria, iii, 24
Lima, Peru, ii, 321;-iii, 168, 303,
450, 608;-iv, 113, 114, 116,
134;-council of, iii, 42
Limon, Cayetano, ii, 354, 355,
366
Limon, Francisco, iv, 481
Limu Island, Santa Cruz Is-
land, ii, 618-619
Linares, Mexico, iv, 202, 518
Lincoln, President Abraham, iv,
745
Lindsay, Thomas, iv, 315
Lingard on English cruelties,
iii, 627-629
Linguists among friars, ii, 252-
Lino, Antonio, iii, 13
Liquor and its uses, ii, 576-577
Liquor one cause of Indian
ruin, iv, 641
Lisahua, rancheria, ii, 679
Lisbon riots, iv, 109
List of friars of Spanish birth,
iii, 269-272
List of civil and military gov-
ernors, iv, 816
List of ecclesiastical Superiors
and Prelates, iv, 815
Litigation for Mission lands, iv,
747-771
Little River, Cal., ii, 155
Lives of friars open book, ir,
385
Index
63
Livestock of Missions in tabu-
lar reports, iii, 653;-iv, 531
Livestock at Missions, ii, 114,
262, 638Hii, 80
Livestock of soldiers, ii, 451
Livestock loaned illegally to
Vallejo, iv, 138
Lizalde, Pedro, ii, 496
Lizana y Beaumont,' Most Rev.
Francisco Javier de, viceroy,
ii, 647
Loans to governor not refund-
ed, iii, 117
Lobato, Miguel Garcia, seizes
Fr. Martinez, iii, 286-288;-
jailor of, 293;-ment., 294, 301,
332-333
Lobato Valley, iii, 156
Lobos, Point, Cross raised by
Fr. Palou, ii, 143, 165, 180
Location of pueblos, where not
expedient, ii, 515-516
Loco parentis, in, ii, 117-119,
265, 275-278, see Rights of
missionaries
Locust plague, iii, 80
Loera, Rev. Nicolas, ii, 320
Lofty aspirations of friars, ii,
533
Loma, or Rubidoux Mt., ii, 667
Lompoc, Cal., ii, 435
Lonely life at Missions, ii, 525
Llorones, Ensenada de los, ii,
165, 180
Looms and spinning wheels, ii,
536
Lopez, Fr. Baldomero, at Santa
Cruz, ii, 454;-vicar at College,
548;-<iiscreto, iii, 3;-guardian,
47, 53, 56;-on drafts and
stipends, 72-73 ;-petitions vice-
roy, 72-76 ;-circular, 85-87 ;-on
faculty to confirm, 91-92 ;-on
secularization decree, 100-101;
-ment., 84, 174, 195, 207-211;-
autograph, 74
Lopez, Geronimo, iv, 707
Lopez, Gregorio, iii, 428, 429
Lopez, Ignacio, iii, 150, 157
Lopez, Fr. Ramon, O. P., iii, 17;
-autograph, vol. i, 565
Lora, Fr. Juan Ramos, de, ii,.
371
Lorenzana, Most Rev. Fran-
cisco de, ii, 75, 160
Lorenzo, Bernardo Rodriguez,
ii, 354
Lorenzo, Francisco Ruiz, iii, 97
Lore to, (L. C.) ii, 9, 61, 90,
110, 111, 130, 133, 139, 201,
212, 218, 317, 319,. 348, 366,
394, 456, 483, 538, 598, 600,
608, 644, 6S9;-iii, 16, 17, 253,
347
Los Angeles, Nuestra Seiiora
de los, or Porciuncula, ii, 31
Los Angeles, pueblo, founded ii,
366-367 ;-ment., 354, 394, 491,
513, 520, S42;-ayuntamiento
of, iii, 397;-emancipated In-
dians at, iii, 477-479, 481;-
declared capital of California,
596;-settlers at, 611;-church
at, 633 ;-po verty, 632;-ment.,
49, 133, 150, 196. 237, 241,
260, 261, 364, 365, 402, 531,
645, 646, 651;-iv, Chico at, 5,
35;-lynching at, 34-35 ;-repu-
diates Alvarado, 61, 66-67;-
rejoicing at Carrillo*s ap-
pointment, 74;-receives Mich-
eltorena, 271 ;-Corpus Christi
at, 280-281 ;-schools, 332;-capi-
tal of California, 335, 336,
340, 388-389, 435, 450, 457, 492;
-favors fee system for pastor,
401;-in fear of Jose Castro,
491;-taken by U. S. troops,
561 ;-shocking treatment of
Indians, 648-650 ;-Sunday at,
650;-school for boys by Pic-
pus Fathers, 677, 691;-Jesuits
invited, 680;-Bishop Amat ar-
rives, 718;-Sisters of Charity,
718;-fraudulent dates of Pio
Pico, 725-727, 760-762 ;-ment.,
16. 20, 30, 36, 118, 123, 127,
129, 148, 237, 259, 276, 277,
296, 308, 310, 311, 315. 327-
^ 330, 463, 464, 470, 472, 477,
487, 516, 547-549, 558, 560,
563-565, 568, 570, 576, 581,
590, 591, 627, 628, 633, 636,
637, 683, 685, 698, 716, 726,
727, 781, 782, 784, 786
Los Angeles district, ii, 31, 59,
225;-iii, 645, 646;-iv, 390
Los Angeles Star on Mission
times, iv, 649
Los Angeles Times, iv, 814
Los Coyotes Cafion, ii, 667
Los Nietos, or Santa Gertrudis
grant, iii, 645
64
Index
Los Ojitos, ii, 27, 29;-iv, 547,
727
Los Osos, site of Mission San
Luis Obispo, ii, 39
Los Pinones, ii, 40
Los Tularcitos, iii, 646
Los Verdugos, iv, 578
Lot of neophytes deplorable,
iii, 389
Louisa, The, iv, 781-782
Love, missionary's, for Indian
souls, ii, 504;-iii, 304
Llover, Rev. Vicente, iv, 718-
719
Lower California ceded to Do-
minicans, ii, 102, 108, 127;-
ment., 4, 246, 284-285, 292,
293, 297, 442, 488;-Dominicans
receive stipends, iii, 54, 73;-
decadence of, 274;-ment., 148,
151, 269, 278, 346, 407, 408,
410, 456, 469, 471, 521, 609;-iv,
in 1836, pp. 187-188 ;-a desert,
233;-bishop for, 664, 668, 670-
675;-four Franciscans for,
675-676 ;-agreement between
Dominicans and Franciscans,
708;-ment., 68, 123-124, 141,
241, 259, 294, 408, 442, 515,
521, 525, 603, 604, 616, 620,
630, 684, 694, 695, 793
Lower California officials and
salaries, ii, 123
Lower California savages, ii,
14;-neophytes, 87, 112
Lower and Upper California
separated, iii, 343, 346
Low moral standard of anti-
Catholic authors and artists.
iv, 806, 808, 812
Loyal despite provocation, ii,
284-285
Loyalty of friars questioned,
iii, 237
Lucero, Rufina, iv, 415, 416
Lucluc, rancheria, iii, 24
Ludicrous commotion, iii, 572-
573
Lugo, Antonio Maria, iii, 266,
572, 646
Lugo, Felipe, iv, 310
Luis, Indian with Fr. Garces, ii,
199
Lull, Fr. Miguel, guardian, ii,
503;-solicitude for Fr. Las-
uen, 533-534 ;-pro test to vice-
roy, 526-529 ;-ment., 548, 551;
-iii, 3, 51, 207, 265;-autograph,
ii, 534
Lummis, Charles F., on true
education, ii, 267;-on Mission
System, 246;-ment., 471;-iii,
on Mission System, 497;-iv,
530;-on success of Missions,
523-533 ;-on Spanish laws for
Indians, 533
Lunel, Fr. Vincent, commis-
sary, iv, 304
Luquetze, Elzeario, ii, 571
Luz, Nuestra Seiiora de la, iv,
260, 793
Lynching at Los Angeles, iv,
34-35
U
McCarthy, Dennis, at reception
of Bishop Alemany, iv, 682
McCarthy, Sister Mary Martha,
iv, 714
McCulloch, Hugh, iii, 168
McDougal, John, elected lieu-
tenant-governor, iv, 660
McEnnis, Sister Frances, iv,
697
McGlynn, John A., iv, 682, 697
McKay, Sister Corsina, iv, 697
McKinley, James, iv, 460
McLaughlin, James, on Mission
Indians, iv, 533-534
McNamara, Rev. Eugene, re-
ceived by Fr. Rubio, iv, 549;-
colonization plan, 548-550
Machetes, iii, 60
Machinations of Neve, ii, 314,
382;-of Hijar-Padres, iii, 504-
507
Machine cannot inspire self-
sacrifice, iv, 498
Macias, Fr. Jose de Trinidad,
iv, 676, 711
Maciel, Luis G., iv, 326
Macleod, Rev. Xavier Donald,
iv, 653
Madriaga, Bonifacio, iv, 148
Madrid, Rt. Rev. Joaquin, iv,
202 ■
Madrid, Spain, reports for, ii.
446;-Fr. Martinez writing
from, iii, 450
Magin, Indian, of San Fran-
cisco Mission, ii, 507
Magno, Indian, of San Fran-
cisco Mission, ii, 507
Index
65
Magus, Simon, iv, 46
Mahomedan defeat, commemor-
ation of, ii, 19
Maigret, Rt. Rev. Louis, C. SS.
CC, iii, 651-652;-iv, 612-615,
621
Mail carriers, ii, 450
Mail between California and
Mexico, iii, 17, 546;-iv, 85
Maintenance of Bishop guaran-
teed by Mexican Government,
iv, 192-195, 203
Maitorena, Jose Joaquin, iii,
201, 252
Majagua, rancheria, ii, 680
Majority of people for friars,
iii, 566;-opposed to confisca-
tion, iv, 290-291
Malarin, Juan, iv, 127, 134, 781,
782
Malaspina, Alexandro, ii, 438-
440, 567, 679;-map of, 42;-
autograph, 439
Maldonado, Jose M., iii, 530,
597;-iv, 33
Mai Galico, see Galico
Malicious story of M. Vallejo,
iv, 775-782
Malicious writers, ii, 373;-iv,
804-815
Mallorca university, ii, 653;-
language, iii, 43
Malo, Ramon, iv, 364
Management of neophytes be-
longs to missionaries, ii, 111,
119
Management of Missions by
friars scrupulously honest and
just, iv, 316-317
Mancisidor, Juan Ignacio, iii,
417
Manga, a garment, ii, 557
Mangino, Fernando Jose, ii,
121, 124, 279, 656
Mania of Pio Pico, iv, 339,
351. 366-367, 373, 433, 495-496
Manila, ii. 3, 325, 436;-iii, 259,
302;-iv, 51, 116
Mansilla, Fr. Tomas, O. P., iii,
278-279 ;-iv, 238, 515, 676
Mansisidor de Loreto, iii, 196
Manso, Juan, iv, 380, 387, 388,
454, 459
Manteca, ii, 555;-iii, 69, 166, 459
Manual training at Missions,
ii, 534-539, 560-561, 575;-iv,
527-536
Manuel, Jose, ii, 507;-iii, 408
Maps, The Old Franciscan Mis-
sions, ii, facing p. xlvi;-of
Monterey Bay, 42;-routes of
Fr. Garces and Col. Anza,
end of vol. ii
March of Portola, order ob-
served, ii, 23-24;-worst part,
38
Margil, Ven. Fr. Antonio, li,
246, 401, 425;-iii, 465;-iv, 78
Marin, T., Mexican Secretary of
Interior, iv, 209-210, 222
Maria Magdalena and Marga-
rita, first Indians baptized in
California, ii, 29
Maria Ester, The, iii, 328
Maria Gertrudis, Indian, ii, 62
Mariano, Indian, iii, 204
Maria de Jesus, Indian child, ii,
491
Marine department of Cali-
fornia, salaries and officials,
ii, 123-
Mariner, Fr. Juan, ii, 433, 490-
491, 542
Mariner, Juan, iii, 414
Marines, U. S., land at Mon-
terey, iv, 552-554
Mariposas, arroyo, ii, 681
Maritime affairs, voyages, ii,
435-442
Marl Springs, or San Juan de
Dios, ii, 194
Marquez, Manuel, iv, 481
Marquina, Felix Berenguer de,
viceroy, ii, 597, 646;-auto-
graph, 598
Marquinez, Fr. Marcelino, iii,
47
Marriage, aim of Indian girls,
ii, 250;-banns invariably pre-
ceded, 628;-Catholic and Prot-
estant views, iv, 602-603 ;-con-
tracted before priest invaria-
bly, 413, 416, 597;-ceremony
unlawfully performed, 415;-in
California Constitution, 660;-
first mixed before sectarian
minister, 603;-by proxy, 125;-
a Sacrament and indissolu-
ble, 413, 414, 597, 602, 660;-
shirked, 108;-Fr. Rubio's beau-
tiful circular on, 602-603;-
among savages, ii, 239;-of
non-Catholics valid, 415, 600-
601, 660;-Gov. Mason's circu-
66
Index
lar on Catholic, 601-602 ;-of
soldiers and other decent men
with Indian girls encouraged,
ii, 114, 569;-iii, 639, 645
Marriages, clandestine, iv, 693;
-perilous, 420-421 ;-in valid,
415-416, 597, 600-601
Marron, Juan Maria, iv, 308
Marsh, John, iv, 315
Marshall, James W. discovers
gold, iv, 609-610
Martial law declared by Jose
Castro, iv, 488
Martiarena, Jose Manuel de, ii,
495
Martiarena, Juan Bautista de,
sindico, iii, 56, 151, 159, 209,
248, 249, 403, 407, 560;-iv. 26
Martin, Fr. Fernando, arrives,
iii, 16;-will swear condition-
ally, 237, 244;-on Echeandia's
bando, 418-419 ;-slandered by
Pico, 614;-ment., 272, 538;-
iv, death of, 120;-autograph,
iii, 419
Martin, Fr. Juan, at San Mig-
uel, ii, 620-621 ;-iii, 11, 19, 22
Martin de Valencia, Fr., iv, 303
Martinez, Cal., ii, 98;-iv, 690
Martinez, Fr. Angel, iv, 213, 521
Martinez, Esteban, ii, 147, 320,
325, 370, 395, 437-438
Martinez, Ignacio, iii, 180, 215,
223, 224, 236, 251, 305;-iv, 124
Martinez, Ignacio Miguel, iv,
68, 69, 72
Martinez, Fr; Jesus Maria, iii,
407
Martinez, Leandro, iv, 228
Martinez, Fr. Luis Antonio, at
San Luis Obispo, iii, 19;-ex-
pedition to the Tulares, 24-25;
-on cause of runaways, 34-36;-
patriotism, 58-62 ;-on Cholos,
63;--generosity of, 70-71 ;-on
political catechism, 106;-
shamelessly treated, 231-233;-
refuses to swear allegiance,
244;-slandered, 246-247, 300-
301, 303, 634;-demands and
receives passport, 261-263,
280, 334;-idiosyncracies, 280-
281 ;-marked for expulsion,
278, 283 ;-ar rested on flimsy
charge, 286-294, 357;-locked
up, brutally handled at Santa
Barbara, 291-292, 332-336;- I
his forgiving spirit, 293-294,
332;-age of, 272, 332;-protest,
296-299 ;-banished, 303-304;-
Vallejo's silly story, 303;-dis-
satisfied with Spain, 450;-
ment., 274, 451;-iv, 11, 596;-
autograph, iii, 60
Martinez de Arenaza, Fr. Pas-
cual, ii, 542
Martinez, Fr. Pedro Adriano, ii,
495;-iii, 3, 17
Martyrdom desired, ii, 479;-iv,
12
Martyr's Point, ii, 158
Mary, Blessed Virgin, panegy-
ric on, iv, 260
Maryland, iv, 697, 718
Marysville, Cal., iv, 715
Mason, Colonel Richard B.,
succeeds General Kearny as
military governor, iv, 583;-
orders against squatters on
Mission property, 584-588;-
forbids sale of Mission lands,
583-588, 724;-lauds Mormon
battalion, 590-591; -appoints
Indian agents, 593-595 ;-in-
structions to, 595-596 ;-cour-
tesy to priests, 595-596 ;-con-
sideration for laws of Cath-
olic Church, 597-598 ;-forbids
meddling with Catholic mar-
riages, 597-598 ;-circular on
Catholic marriages, 601;-solic-
itude for Indians, 593-595, 639,
641-646;-reports discovery of
gold, 609-61 0;-permits Jose
Castro's return, 632;-on Pio
Pico, 632-633, 636;-proclama-
tion on treaty of peace, '630-
632;-proclamation against sale
of liquor to Indians, 641;-gives
Mariano Vallejo a lesson, 644;
-recommends the lash for
horsethieves, 643;-urges aid-
ing priests in charge of In-
dians, 645-646 ;-re tires, 604,
646;-like Halleck not duly
appreciated, 644;-ment., 605,
617, 638, 725, 728, 817
Mass, Holy, first at Monterey
Bay, ii, 75, 146;-at Mission
San Antonio, 88;-at Dolores
Mission, 204
Mass, Holy, on the march, ii,
23, 24, 29-31, 34, 36, 43, 46.
47, 51-53, 56-59, 95-7, 141, 142,
'^
Index
67
174, 175, 178, 180, 181;-iii, 147
Mass, Holy, on the voyage, ii,
8, 133, 147, 151, 152, 155
Mass, Holy, of thanksgiving, ii,
16, 133;-iii, 147
Mass, Holy, at the presidios, ii,
183, 416, 418-420, 427-428
Mass, High, in the Missions, ii,
256;-at Port Santiago, 322;-
on the Sacramento, iii, 27
Masses, Holy, for deceased fri-
ars, agreement, ii, 596;-iv,
708-709
Massacre on the Colorado, ii,
353;-of Indians by settlers,
iv, 318, 653-654 ;-at Clear
Lake, 314
Matadero, place of Indian fight,
iv, 308
Mateo, Indian, iv, 311
Material success of the Mis-
sions, iv, 532-533
Maurelle, Francisco, ii, 161, 321
Maxims of Voltaire, iv, 794
Maximum and Minimum allow-
ance for Divine Worship, iv,
42-50
Maya, Fr. Antonio, ii, 597
Mayor, La, vineyard, iv, 266,
736
Mayordomos, ii, 112;-salaries,
iv, 164;-character of, 216-217
Mayorga, Martin de, viceroy,
writing to De Croix, ii, 289;-
overrules Neve, 289-290 ;-de-
clares friars free to retire,
295;-ends quibbling, 361;-re-
ports to king, 361, 381;-asks
for missionaries, 371-372;-
conciliates Fr. Guardian, 375-
376;-decides against Neve,
423;-ment., 305, 358, 416, 418,
544;-autograph, 290
Mazatlan, Mexico, iii, 37, 62,
148, 246;-iv, 70, 270, 302, 551
Mea Culpa that was not said,
iv, 496
Meals at, the Missions, ii, 554-
556
Meaning of Act of September,
13, 1813, iii, 120
Means necessary to convert
savages, ii, 383-384
Means of subsistence for Bish-
op not provided, iv, 668-669;-
demanded by Holy See, 671
Measure of doubtful value, ii,
450
Measure for grain, see Grain
Mechanical arts at Missions,
ii, 332, 534.539 ;-iv, 530-536
Mechanics in early days, ii, 450,
535-539
Meddling with spiritual affairs,
ii, 302-318, 333-334, 349, 383;-
iv, 420-422
Medical treatment refused by
Fr. Serra, ii, 397
Medicine men, Indian, ii, 30
Medicines, lack of, ii, 14, 576
Medina, Jose, teacher, ii, 474
Members of Castro's junta, iv,
481;-of last assembly, 484-
485, 495, 565, see Assembly ;-of
U. S. Land Commission, 731-
732;-of Fr. Martinez court-
martial, iii, 301
Meeting of conspirators against
Gov. Victoria, iii, 361-362
Meeting to provide for orphans
at San Francisco, iv, 697
Megalomania of M. Vallejo, iv,
792
Memorable novena to St. Jos-
eph, ii, 62-64
Memorial of Fr. Serra, ii, 109-
115;-of Fr. Pangua, 377-381;-
of San Fernando College, 372-
375;-of Fr. Lasuen, 419-427;-
of Bishop Diego, see Diego ;-
of Fr. Duran, see Duran
Memorias, ii, 378. 461-462, 578-
579, 643, 651;-iii, 16-17, 55, 73-
74, 195;-last one, 210;-ment.,
227, 393, 424;-sample of, 647-
650;-iv, ment., 52, 84
Memphis, Egypt, iv, 289
Mental exertion distasteful to
Indians, ii, 273
Mental qualifications required
in missionary friars, ii, 245
Mendacity of a modern would-
be historian, iii, 654-656
Mendicant friars, iii, 110;-iv,
304
Mendocino Cape, ii, 3
Mendocino County Indians, iii,
609;-iv, 654
Mercado, Fr. Jesus Maria Vas-
quez de, arrives, iii, 442;-as-
signed to San Rafael, 452;-
at Soledad, 454;-accused, sus-
pended, 461 ;-declared inno-
68
Index
cent, 462;-on Fr. Sarria, 570;-
iv, reminds M. Vallejo of
duty, 248-249; -honored by
Bishop, 427;-tithe collector,
422;-warns against revolt,
424;-seized by Castro, ban-
ished, 326, 422-429 ;-ment., 128,
237, 415, 568;-autograph, iii,
462
Merced, or Order of Our Lady
of Ransom, iii, 572
Merced Lake, ii, 143
Merced River, ii, 62
Merino, Fr. Augustin, ii, 495,
547
Merritt, Ezekiel, iv, 542, 564
Mervine, William, iv, 551, 552,
565, 568
Mesa, Rev. Jose de, ii, 440
Mesa, Jose, iv, 311, 776-777
Mesa, Juan Prado, iv, 313
Mesa, La, battle at, iv, 578
Mescaltitan, Indian villages, ii,
Z7
Messengers of Christ's Gospel,
missionaries, ii, 242-244, 364,
383-384, 603, 604;-iii, 311-313;-
iv, 527-530
Messenger of the Sacred Heart,
New York, ii, 673.
Metate, ii, 563;-iii, 64
Methods of Franciscans, ii, 242-
278, see Mission System
Method of correcting Indians
forced upon missionaries, iii,
458
Methods employed in looting
Missions, iv, 133-135, 138
Metropolitan Chapter, Mexico,
appoints Fr. Rubio adminis-
trator, iv, 521 ;-proposes can-
didates for bishop, 189-190,
670,^ 672
Mezcal, ii, 576
Mezquia, Father Pedro de Perez,
ii, 246
Mexicana, The, ii, 441
Mexican congress rejects Ech-
andia's anti-mission scheme,
iii, 325;-opposed to seculariza-
tion, 350;-passes decree of
secularization, 518-520 ;-iv, re-
peals same, 14;-confirms trea-
ty of peace, 629
Mexican disorders, iii, 317-318;
-threaten California, 492-493
Mexican friars replace Span-
iards, iii, 277, 307, 442, 452;-
iv, less timid, 393
Mexican Government, animus
of, iii, 2 19-220 ;-annoyed, 254,
257;-not eager for seculariza-
tion, 320, 354;-condemns
Echeandia's bando, 468-469;-
unable to avenge Victoria,
373;-ment., 245, 286, 328, 345,
417, 442-445, 459, 467, 553, 561,
567;-iv, appeals to Fr. Du-
ran, 428-429 ;-asks the Pope
for Bishop for California,
190-192 ;-promises unreliable,
240;-subsistence not furnished,
668-669;-informed of Bishop's
death, 518;-requests Zacate-
can Fathers to accept Lower
California, 672, 675-676 ;-re-
fuses to recognize Bishop
Alemany, 670-672, 694-695;-
requests Fr. Rubio to accept
Lower California as adminis-
trator, 671-672;-petitions the
Pope for Bishop of Lower
California, 664-665, 668, 670;
-must first provide mainte-
nance, 671;-sends Hijar as
commissioner to California,
388-389 ;-repudiates Figueroa's
Reglamento, 112;-not to
blame for ruin, 7, 16;-forbids
sale of Missions, 455
Mexican infantry arrives, iii, 63-
66;-iv, 270-271
Mexican independence, iii, 108,
222, 238, 252-253 ;-oath of al-
legiance taken, 148, 158;-rec-
ognized by Spain, 80-81
Mexican Liberals, iii, 110, 515-
517, 565, 570;-iv, 281, 418-419,
794-799
Mexican name detested, iv, 104
Mexican revolt of Hidalgo be-
gins decay of Missions, ii, 651
Mexican revolters blamed for
national weakness, iv, 114
Mexican rulers unjustly claim
to be Catholics, iii, 245
Mexicans and Californians, iv,
52-53, 106;-did little for the
country, iii, 500;-in control of
southern California, iv, 565;-
force at San Pascual, 571;-
retire before Kearny, 575;-
surrender, 578
Mexico, apostles of, iv, 303;-
Index
69
California dependent upon, iii,
335;-neglects California, iv, 52-
54;-unablc to aid territory,
73, 114, 493-494;-disorders in,
73, 417, 421 ;-unscrupulous
politicians to blame, 281-282,
498;-tries to hold California,
428-429
Mexico's happiest administra-
tion, ii, 296
Mexico's Indians, ii, 337
Michael, the Archangel, patron
of missionary colleges, ii, 223
Michegua on Fr. Payeras's
route, iii, 143
Micheltorena, Jose Manuel,
named governor, iv, 269;-ar-
rives, 270;-notifies Bishop Di-
ego, 271 ;-celebrates Corpus
Christi, 280-281 ;-noble senti-
ments, 251-253 ;-grants land
for seminary, 261-262 ;-gr ants
titles to Missions of San Luis
Obispo and San Miguel, 265-
266;-petitioned to grant title
to all Church property, 264-
265;- restores Missions to
friars, 272-277, 430, 766-769;-
declares Missions private
property, 268;-escapes perpe-
trating a wrong, 293;-estab-
lishes schools, 332-334;-de-
clares neophyte land private
property, 339;-incurs wrath of
paisano chiefs, 325;-proclama-
tion against rebels, 326-327;-
refuses to recognize Pico's
assembly, 328;-surrenders and
departs, 329-330;-morally
clean, 334-335;-Ban croft's
view, 331-332 ;-intercedes with
Bishop for Montereyans, 391-
392;-betrayed by paisanos,
423-424, 428;-ment., 105, 244,
282, 285-287, 303, 315, 336, 344,
359, 360, 365, 375, 377, 397,
418, 420, 433, 470, 471, 485,
503, 587, 734, 736, 770, 771,
785, 817;-autograph, iv, 276
Michigan Indian languages, iii,
609
Michoacan, diocese of, iv, 793
Middle Ages, ii, 348
Middleton, Ireland, iv, 714
Midnight struggle of Fr. Serra,
ii, 339
Migorel, Rev. Felix, C.SS.CC,
at Santa Ines, iv, 626;-re-
tires, 690;-ment., 625, 685, 691
Miguel, Fr. Jose de, arrives, ii,
453;-ment., 534, 550, 551
Milan, Indian, ii, 507
Military arrogance and despot-
ism, iii, 31, 33, 39-40, 336
Military force in 1790, ii, 450-
451, see Presidio
Military, idleness and jealousy
source of troubles, ii, 406-407
Military inspector, ii, 430-431
Military ungrateful, iii, 314, see
Soldiers
Military, U. S., by missionaries
preferred to politicians, iv,
597;-not free from brutality,
596
Milk disliked by Indians, ii, 203
Mill useless for lack of water,
iii, 165
Millerton, Cal., ii, 682
Mills at Missions, ii, 638
Milpitas, Cal., ii, 90
Milroy, R. H., U. S. Indian
agent, iv, 537
Mines not known in time of
friars, iii, 122, but see p. 632
Mining gold, manner of, iv, 611
Ministers of Religion humiliat-
ed before Indians, iii, 579-580
Minors, neophytes, before the
law, iv, 316
Minor Orders conferred, iv,
228, 258;-within power of
Franciscan Superiors in cer-
tain localities, 304
Mirabeau, French infidel, iii, 218
Miramon, M., Mexican Presi-
dent, iv, 699
Miranda, Alejo, ii, 494
Mirth, cause for, ii, 521-523
Misgivings, ii, 293, 294, 301
Mishap at Dolores Mission, ii,
499-500;-to the San Carlos,
130
Misrule, nine years of paisano,
iv, 338-339, 358
Mission Bay, or Los Lloroneis,
ii, 180, 204
Mission administration scrupu-
lously honest, ii, 580;-iv, 316-
317;-amusements, ii, 254-255,
263, 564-567 ;-^archives, Intro-
duction, vol. ii, pp. xxi-xxiv;-
70
Index
architecture, ii, 247-249; iv,
534, 536; assets, ii, 466'A67; iii,
117-119;-beginnings of a, ii,
246-248, 263-264, 446-447;-
bells, ii, 627;-churches and
chapels, etc., property of
Church, iv, 265, 734-745;-
clothing, ii, 556-557 ;-contri-
butions to king, see Dona-
tivo;-to the soldiery, see
Drafts ;-from old to new Mis-
sions, ii, 8, 84, 118, 434;-cred-
itors, iv, 363-364, 367, 440;-
debts, iv, 438-440, 446, 485;-
despoilers not guided by Re-
ligion, iv, 424;-drawbacks, ii,
62, 81, 244, iii, 43, 608-611;-
exercises, religious, ii, 251, 253-
257, 448-449, 553, 627-628; iii,
5-6, 611-616;-family, patriar-
chal, ii, 265, 275;-first years at
a, ii, 512;-food, ii, 254, 554-
556, 566-567, 637; iii, 264;-funds
or revenues, ii, 247, 459, 466,
577-580, 636;-funds requisite
for founding a, ii, 247, 372,
433;-giant's last throes, iv,
470;-guards, ii, 362;-Indians
orderly, iv, 306 ;-com pared
with emancipated, 346;-far-
thest advanced of any, 533-534;
-history of for a century,
533;-under Spanish laws, 729-
731 ;-industries, ii, 258-264,
560-564, 637-638; iv, 86-88;-
lands not national property,
iv, 503;-property of Indians,
iii, 384; iv, 338, 437, 506;-
ownership decided by U. S.
courts, iv, 733-771 ;-coveted
by paisano chiefs, iii, 104,
314-315, 374, 388-389, 499;-
lands granted, see Grants ;-
lands divided unjustly, iii,
392-393 ;-languages, see Draw-
backs ;-life, happy, ii, 263-
365; iv, 649;-loot no bless-
ing, iv, 137-138 ;-mayordomos,
li, 249;-products, ii, 258-263;
iii, 80; iv, 18, 532-535, see
Tabular Reports ;-progress, ii,
498; iii, 79-80 ;-property, re-
sult of neophyte industry, iv,
87-88, 92, 93, 337-338 ;-first
attack on property, iii, 216;-
in charge of comisionados.
iii, 595-596 ;-records, ii, 627;
iv, 727;-reports, ii, 137-139,
444-449;-regulations, ii, 246,
626-630;-question, summary,
iii, 311-316; iv, 527-528 ;-requi-
sites for church and field, ii,
7, 83, 372-373, 375, 377-378;-
routine, ii, 253-256;-ruin
threatened, ii, 370-371 ;-sites
recommended, ii, 493, 624;-
statistics, ii, 445-448, 512, see
Statistics ;-staples, iii, 80, 653;
iv, 535;-success, spiritual, ii,
512; iii, 653; iv, 527-S30;-suc-
cesses, temporal, ii, 512; iii,
653; iv, 530-537 ;-supplies re-
ceived, see Mem6rias;-sup-
plies furnished, see Drafts,
Contributions, Taxes ;-system
vindicated, ii, 270, see Sys-
tem ;-temporalities, see in list;
-tiles stolen, iv, 727
Missionaries, the, all to all, ii,
513;-iv, 527-528, see Self-sacri-
ficing, Unselfish ;-accused and
defended, ii, 551-585 ;-aid in
securing territory for Spain,
ii, 5, 380, 511, 537, 585;-iii,
312;- alone, one, at Mission,
ii, 424, 524;-assigned to Cali-
fornia, ii, 84-85 ;-character of,
iv, 292, 512-513, 519-520, 527-
532;- conceal their sorrow, iii,
542-543 ;-after confiscation, iv,
139-140;-courteous to govern-
ment officials, iv, 22;-would
not be called curates, iii, 580;
iv, '459, 545, 580;-defended,
iii, 404-405, 660-663; iv, 804,
see Forbes ;-defenders of In-
dians, iii, 193, 227-228; iv, 316,
377, see Fr. Duran ;-desire
to be let alone, ii, 416;-dis-
heartened, ii, 210, 337, 381-
389, 531-533; iii, 187-188, 254;
iv, 297-298;- enemies of, iii,
565, see Neve, Echeandia,
Bandini, Pico, Vallejo, Pa-
dres, etc. ;-voluntary exiles,
ii, 639;-expenses paid from
Pious Fund, ii, 5-6;-exoner-
ated, ii, 582-583; iii, 13-16;-
fearless guardians of neo-
phytes, ii, 551-582;-iii, 223-
224, 228 ;-f acuities of, iv, 298-
305;-always on fire-line, ii.
Index
71
113;-forbidden to travel with-
out guards, ii, 610, 636-637;-
hampered by secular rulers,
ii, 352-353, see Neve, Pages,
Rivera, Echeandia, etc.;-
heads of great Mission fami-
lies, ii, 117, 119, 275; iii, 630;-
humiliations of, iv, 98, 100-
103, 115, 180-181;- influence
recognized by U. S. officers,
iv, 537, 595-596;-never inter-
fered with civil or military af-
fairs, ii, 314, 425;-law-abiding
subjects, iii, 357, 382;-life re-
garded as hazardous, ii, 378;-
must live by twos at each
Mission, ii, 82, 124, 247, 279,
280, 331-335, 418, 427, 523-
529;-management scrupulous-
ly honest, ii, 580; iii, 319; iv,
18;-messengers of Christ's
Gospel, ii, 242-244, 383-384,
594, 639; iv, 528;-money sti-
pends not received from
Mexico, iii, 561 ;-ignorant of
Montesdeoca Order, iv, 512;-
murdered on the Colorado, ii,
335;- highest number of, ii,
632;-object of, ii, 242-244; iii,
311-313; iv, 527-528 ;-only one
' at a Mission, ii, 424, 524;-
overburdened, ii, 274; iii, 225-
226;-not mere overseers,
clerks, or supply agents, iii,
115; iv, 28;-have parental au-
thority over neophytes, ii,
117-120;-patience of, iv, 82-
84, 100, see Humiliations ;-
poisoned, iv, ll-12;-punished
Indians like fathers, iii, 14;
iv, 153;-prove Indians capa-
ble of civilization, iv, 654-
655;-attend to spiritual wants
of presidios, ii, 282; iii, 48;-
well qualified, ii, 245;-neces-
sary qualities of, ii, 102, 245,
378, 475-476;-rightful claim
to rations, ii, 124;-denied by
Neve, 279-291 ;-self-sacrificing,
ii, 363, 612; iii, 226; iv, 316,
319-320, 512;-servants of, and
their wages, ii, 124-125 ;-sent
by king, not by Superiors, ii,
81;-solitude of, ii, 424, 524-
52S;-spirit of, ii, 423;-stew-
ards for neophytes, iii, 312;-
retained for sake of soldiers,
iii, 246;-subsistence of, be-
grudged, iii, 315;-success of,
iii, 423-424; iv, 527-537, 657;-
tales about, in word and pic-
ture, iv, 804-815 ;-trusted by
neophytes, ii, 277-278; iv,
316;-unselfish, ii, 549-590, 640;
iii, 405; iv, 93, 151, 312, 316,
512-513 ;-zeal of, see Zeal.
Missionaries stationed in Cali-
fornia during Mission period,
1769-1854
I. Fernandinos
Fr. Abella, Ramon
Fr. Altimira, Jose
Fr. Amestoy, Marcos
Fr. Amoros, Juan
Fr. Amurrio, Gregorio
Fr. Arenaza, Pascual de
Fr. Arroita, Jose
Fr. Barcenilla, Isidoro
Fr. Barona, Jose
Fr. Boscana, Geronimo
Fr. Cabot, Juan
Fr. Cabot, Pedro
Fr. Calzada, Antonio
Fr. Cambon, Pedro Benito
Fr. Campa y Cos, Miguel
Fr. Carnicer, Baltasar
Fr. Carranza, Domingo
Fr. Catala, Magin
Fr. Catalan, Benito
Fr. Cavalier, Jose
Fr. Cipres, Marcelino
Fr. Cortes, Juan Lope
Fr. Crespi, Juan
Fr. Cruzado, Antonio
Fr. Cuesta, Felipe Arroyo
Fr. Cueva, Pedro de la
Fr. Danti, Antonio
Fr. Dulanto, Andres
Fr. Dumetz, Francisco
Fr. Duran, Narciso
Fr. Escude, Jayme
Fr. Espi, Jose de la Cruz
Fr. Estenaga, Thomas
Fr. Estevan, Pedro
Fr. Faura, Jose
Fr. Fernandez, Greg6rio
Fr. Fernandez, Jose Maria
Fr. Fernandez, Manuel
Fr. Figuer, Juan
Fr. Fortuni, Buenaventura
Fr. Fuster, Vicente
3
72
Index
Fr. Garcia, Diego
Fr. Garcia, Jose
Fr. Gil y Taboada, Luis
Fr. Gili, Bartolome
Fr. Giribet, Miguel
Fr. Gomez, Francisco
Fr. Gonzalez, Francisco
Fr. Gutierrez, Romualdo
Fr. Horra, Antonio
Fr. Ibaiiez, Florencio
Fr. Ibarra, Francisco
Fr. Iturrate, Domingo
Fr. Jaume, Luis
Fr. Jayme, Antonio
Fr. Jimeno, Antonio
Fr. Jimeno, Jose Joaquin
Fr. Juncosa, Domingo
Fr. Landaeta, Martin
Fr. Lasuen Fermin Francisco
Fr. Lazaro, Nicolas
Fr. Lopez, Baldomero
Fr. Lopez, Jacinto
Fr. Lopez, Julian
Fr. Mariner, Juan
Fr. Marquinez, Marcelino
Fr. Martiarena, Jose Manuel
Fr. Martin, Fernando
Fr. Martin, Juan
Fr. Martinez, Adriano
Fr. Martinez, Luis
Fr. Merelo, Lorenzo
Fr. Merino, Agustin
Fr. Miguel, Jose de
Fr. Moreno, Juan
Fr. Mugartegui, Pablo
Fr. Munoz, Pedro
Fr. Murguia, Jose Antonio
Fr. Noboa, Diego
Fr. Nocedal, Jose
Fr. Noriega, Matias
Fr. Nuez, Joaquin Pascual
Fr. Olbes, Ramon
Fr. Oliva, Vicente Pascuil
Fr. Oramas, Cristobal
Fr. Ordaz, Bias
Fr. Palou, Francisco
Fr. Panella, Jose
Fr. Panto, Jose Pedro
Fr. Parr6n, Fernando
Fr. Paterna, Antonio
Fr. Payeras, Mariano
Fr. Pena, Thomas de la
Fr. Peiri, Antonio
Fr. Pieras, Migfuel
Fr. Prestamero, Juan
Fr. Pujol, Francisco
Fr. Quintana, Andres
Fr. Rioboo, Junan Antonio
Fr. Ripoll, Antonio
Fr. Rubi, Mariano
Fr. Rodriguez, Antonio
Fr. Sainz, Juan de Lucio
Fr. Salazar, Alonso
Fr. Sanchez, Francisco Miguel
Fr. Sanchez, Jose Bernardo
Fr. Sancho, Juan Bautista
Fr. Santa Maria, Vicente de
Fr. Santiago, Juan Norberto
Fr. Sarria, Vicente Franc, de
Fr. Seiian, Jose
Fr. Serra, Junipero
Fr. Sitjar, Buenaventura
Fr. Sola, Faustino de
Fr. Somera, Jose Angel
Fr. Suiier, Francisco
Fr. Tipis, Estevan
Fr. Torrens, Hilario
Fr. Ulibarri, Roman de
Fr. Uria, Francisco Xavier
Fr. Uria, Jose Antonio de
Fr. Urresti, Jose Antonio
Fr. Usson, Ramon
Fr. Viader, Jose
Fr. Vinals, Jose
Fr. Vitorfa, Mircos Antonio
Fr. Vizcaino, Juan
Fr. Zalvidea, Jose Maria
II. Zacatecanog
1833-1854
Fr. Anzar, Antonio
Fr. Die^o, Rt. Rev. Garcia
Fr. Gutierrez, Jose Maria
Fr. Mercado, Jose Maria
Fr. Moreno, Rafael
Fr. Muro, Miguel
Fr. P^rez, Bernardino
Fr. Quijas, Lorenzo
Fr. Real, Antonio
Fr. Real, Jose Maria
Fr. Rubio, Jose Maria
Fr. Sanchez, Francisco
III. Queretaranos
On the Colorado River,
1780-1781
Fr. Barreneche, Juan
Fr. Diaz, Juan
Fr. Garces, Francisco H.
Fr. Moreno, Matias
Missionary colleges, privileges
of, ii, 298;-spirit in, 477-479
Missionary wounded by sav-
ages, ii, 612;-murdered, iii, 12
Index
73
The Twenty-one Missions of
California in Alphabetical
Order:
Mission Purisima Concepcion,
preparations, ii, 372, 432;-
founded, 435, 551, 601;-Fath-
ers assigned, 435;-donations
for new Missions, 4S4;-ment.,
542, 551; iii, Fr. Payeras, 7;-
earthquake, 16;-elections, 150;
-troops supplied, 168 ;-Fr.
Payeras dies, 171-172;-revolt,
195-196, 203;-Indians executed,
204;-confiscated, 531;-wealth,
633;-alleged slaughter, 659;-
ment., 89, 285, 396, 397, 489,
561;-iv, Hartnell, 151;-Confir-
mation, 263;-restored to Fath-
ers, 274, 277;-affairs in 1843
and 1845, pp. 322, 356;-Fr.
Moreno protests, 364;-aban-
doned, 370, 373;-for sale, 445;
-sold, 458, 460, 495;-ment.,
279, 296, 433, 537, 625, 685,
812
Mission de Maria Santisima,
Nuestra Seriora de la Sole-
dad, site, ii, 452;-founded,
454;-Fathers named, 454;-no
foreign vessels, 471 ;-FF. Rubi
and Gill, 482;-ment., 334, 542;
-iii, Gov. Arrillaga dies, 8-9;-
supplies for soldiers, 19, 123;
-Fr. Payeras, 87, 113;-Fr.
Uria, 196, 233, 259;-Fr. Sar-
ria, 290, 571;-Fr. Mercado,
4S4;-confiscated, 531;-Fr. Sar-
ria dies, 568-570 ;-wealth, 634;-
ment., 395, 397, 453;-iv, Hart-
nell, 152;-in ruins, 217;-al-
most extinct, 296;-abandoned,
373;-for sale, 445;-sold, 460,
507;-visited occasionally, 412;
-ment., 237, 685
Mission San Antonio de Padua,
founded, ii, 40, 87-89;-niis-
sionaries, 85;-distress, 100-
101;-guards needed, lll;-re-
volt at, 165;-Anza, 171, 178,
185;-Fr. Serra confirms, 301,
367, 399;-ment., 71, 82, 85,
129, 131, 215, 320, 341, 344,
370, 441, 447, 453, 491 542;
-iii, supplies for troops, 199;
-Indians refuse freedom, 351;
-confiscated, 531;-Fr. Sarria's
burial, 568-570;-Fr. Sitjar's
dictionary, 611;-wealth, 634;
ment., 11, 150, 296, 395,
397, 453, 454, 489, 561; 570,
571;-iv, Hartnell, 151-152;-
diocesan Patrons, 261 ;-Bishop
Diego, 263;-restored to friars,
274, 277;-for rent, 447;-^too
poor to be sold, 508;-ment.,
237, 296, 302, 398, 410, 412,
522, 685, 121
Mission San Buenaventura,
preparations, ii, 7, 104;-site,
34;-missionaries, 85, 86, 92;-
postponed, 93, 104, 355;-guards
needed, lll;-Neve foiled, 335;
-founded, 367-369;- Vancouver,
470;-Fr. Lasuen, 496;-ment.,
(i(i, 82, 83, 85, 90, 93, 372, 382,
454, 491, 542;-iii, Indian fight,
31-33;-Fr. Cuculla, 409;-con-
fiscated, 531;-wealth, 632-633;
-ment., 3, 84, 150, 178, 195,
395, 397, 466, 489, 575;-iv, con-
fiscated, 30-31 ;-bat tie, 75;-
Hartnell, 149;-first secular
priest, 258;-Confirmation, 259;
-restored to friars, 274, 277;-
a parish, 295-296 ;-condit ion in
1844, pp. 323-324; temporal af-
fairs, 355;-for rent, 446;-
leased, 458, 459, 461, 496;-sold,
507;-title deed, 509-511 ;-ment.,
39, 73, 180, 237, 295, 310, 311,
381, 418, 454, 469, 491, 516,
616, 685, 690, 726
Mission San Carlos de Borro-
meo (Carmelo), preparations,
ii, 7;-site, 54;-founde(l at Mon-
terey, 74-75 ;-Corpus Christi,
78;-moved to Carmelo, 83, 84,
87, 89, 93;-guards needed. 111;
-freight for, 159, 382;-sailors'
vow, 160, 320;-Anza, 179-182;
-Indian alcaldes, 338-341 ;-do-
nativo, 390;-Fr. Serra ill, dies,
396-402 ;-Fr. Palou, 402-404;-
Fr. Lasuen, 405;-La Perouse,
435-436, 646;-Malaspina, 439-
441 ;- Vancouver, 469;-Fr. La-
suen dies, 596;-retreat place,
630;-Gov. Arrillaga takes oath,
646;-ment., 153, 168, 169, 171,
386, 447, 466, 542;-iii, supplies
for troops, 19;-disorderly
guards, 35;-Cholos, 62-66;-sad
condition, 81-82, 460-461 ;-to be
74
Index
suppressed, 176;-bled to death,
387;-poverty, 394;-to be pu-
eblo, 382-383 ;-Zacatecan Fath-
er in charge, 452;-confiscated,
531 ;-inventory, 534;-wealth,
634;-first land grant, 640-643;
-ment., ISO, 395, 396, 445, 599;
-iv, in ruins, 152;-pueblo, 373;
-attended from Monterey, 395;
-for sale, 446;-ment., 128, 237,
296, 508, 685
Mission San Diego de Alcala,
preparations, ii, 7;-founded,
19;-attempted baptism, 21-22;-
buildings, 61;-more friars ar-
rive, 85, 89;-food scarce, 100;
-Fr. Serra, 103-108, 131;-
guards needed, lll;-Fr. Palou,
128;-moved up river, 169;-
destroyed by Indians, 170;-
Church asylum violated, 185-
187;-ordered rebuilt, 213;-
Fathers assigned, 215;-work
suspended, 211;-Fr. Serra
confirms, 320;-alcaldes, 344;-
, freight, 382;-donativo, 390;-
Fr. Serra confirms, 398;-do-
nations for new Missions,
454;-situation, 587-588 ;-re treat
place, 630;-ment., 237, 264,
447, 536, 542;-iii, supplies de-
manded, 235;-soldiers quar-
tered at, 236;-situation, 418-
419;-e mancipation, 483-484,
497-498;-confi seated, 531;-
wealth, 631-632;-cattle slaugh-
ter, 658;-ment., 128, 142, 150,
350, 397, 418, 427;-iv, Hart-
nell, 147;-Fr. Oliva, 237, 323;-
restored to friars, 274, 277;-
confiscated, 320-321 ;-affairs in
1843, p. 323;-for rent, 447;-
debts, •496;-sold, 507;-olive
culture, 534 ;-re volt, 537 ;-U. S.
troops, 589;-Rev. Juan Crisos-
tomo Holbein, 613;-Fr. Du-
ran, 776;-ment., 309, 358,- 374,
390, 515, 768, 809-810
Mission San Fernando Rey,
site, ii, 32;-founded, 496;-
ment., 542, 623, 682;-iii, do-
nativo, 168;-tale of woe, 227-
228;-to be pueblo, 239-240;-
confiscated, 531;-wealth, 632;-
ment., 150, 230, 374, 395, 397,
416, 466, 575, 576;-iv, Fr. Ca-
bot dies, 79;-Hartnell, 148;-
Bishop Diego, 259;-restored
to friars, 274, 277;-battlc near,
328-329 ;-Micheltorena sur-
renders, 330;-temporalities,
357;-for rent, 446; -leased,
458, 459, 471, 495;-sold, 508;-
Pio Pico, 633-635 ;-burial reg-
ister, 727;-ment., 35, 39, 184,
237, 279, 296, 309, 311, 515,
526, 685, 816
Mission San Francisco de Asis,
(Dolores), name assigned, ii,
7;-preparations, 140;-site, 181;
-postponed, 201, 674;-founded,
204-205;-opened, 207-208;-
Fathers assigned, 215;-Fr.
Serra, 220-221, 304, 324-326;-
Neve obstructs, 280-290 ;-Fr.
Serra, 399;-Vancouver, 469-
470;-runaways, 499-500 ;-mor-
tality, 500;-Fr. Fernandez de-
mented, 501;-Sola excited,
501-502 ;-Indian attack, 503;-
retreat place, 630;-Langs-
dorff, 634-640;-ment., 387, 492,
542;-iii, mortality, 29-30;-
poverty, 151;-rough climate,
175;-to be abandoned, 176;-
saved, 184;-Mexican Constitu-
tion celebrated, 215-216;-Zac-
atecan in charge, 452;-con-
fiscated, 531;-Indian flogged
by comisionado, 591 ;-wealth,
636;-ment., 79, 154, 178-182,
264, 395, 397, 489, 561;-iv,
Hartnell, 154;-Bishop Diego,
266-267 ;-school at, 332, 334;-
to be sold, 445, 446;-fraudu-
lent title, 508;-seminary, 716;
-ment., 177-178, 217, 237, 296,
373, 391, 394, 398, 412, 516.
616, 628, 685
Mission San Francisco Solano,
founded, ii, 178;-Zacatecan in
charge, 452;-confiscated, 531;-
awful indictment, 581-589;-
/ without priest, 591;-wealth,
636;-ment., 457, 487, 590;-iv,
under Vallejo, 154-155, 508;-
ruin, 215-217;-pueblo, 373;-
without priest, 394, 398;-Rev.
Stanislaus Lebret, 686;-ment.,
137, 218, 237, 296, 515, 616,
690, see Sonoma
Mission San Gabriel Arcangel,
site, ii, 60;-preparations, 82;-
founded, 91 ;-Fathers assigned.
Index
75
85, 90, 215;-In(lian attack, 92;
-guards needed, lll;-scant
food, 100, 136, 172;-Fr. Serra,
103;-Anza, Fr. Garces, 136-
137;-Anza, 177, 189;-Fr. Gar-
ces, 19S;-Fr. Zalvidea, 277;-
High Mass by, Fr. Serra, 367;-
-confirms, 301;-last visit, 398;
-donativo, 390; -contribution
for new Missions, 454;-me-
chanics, 536; -retreat place,
630;-ment., 104, 128, 135-137,
168-169, 171, 172, 177, 195, 213-
215, 287, 343-346, 353-355. 365-
366, 491, 542, 622, 681;-iii,
elections, 150;-Fr. Sanchez
disgusted, 260-261 ;-to have
paisano monastery, 323-325;-
Gov. Victoria resigns, 364;-to
be pueblo, 349, 383;-Zacatecan
Fathers, 408;-Fr. Zalvidea,
420;-Fr. Sanchez dies, 451;-
confiscated, 531 ;-grapewine,
571;-wealth,632;-cattle slaugh-
ter, 658-660 ;-ment., 33, 38-39,
144-145. 277, 343, 395, 396,
418, 427, 484, 553, 572, 575,
645, 650;-iv, oath taken, 5;-
Jose Castro, 66;-Indian at-
tack, 108;-Hartnell, 149;-un-
der Bandini, 160-163 ;-Bishop
Diego, 259;-restored to friars,
274, 277;-oath taken, 282;-Fr.
Estenaga's defense, 357-358;-
condition in 1843, p. 323;-
confiscation, 381 ;-Fr. Esten-
aga resists, 383-384 ;-f or rent,
447;-debts, 496;-sold, 507-508;
-mayordomos, 637;-Indians
emancipated, 649;-Fr. Ordaz
dies, 686;-Rev. Francisco
Cayetano Capdevila, 719;-
ment, 34-35, 180, 183, 237, 279,
296, 310, 463, 515, 516, 525,
526, 576, 618, 685, 698, 775, 776
Mission San Jose, site, ii, 99,
492;-founded, 494-495 ;-sav-
ages, 503-506; -guards, 611;-
Indian skirmish, 613-615;-
LangsdorflF visits, 635;-ment.,
542, 624-626;-iii, deserters, 27,
305;-elections, 150;-Rev. Fer-
nandez, 156;-Fr. Duran, 207,
223-224, 268, 329, 411, 437, 447,
451;-Fr. Rubio succeeds, 452;-
supplies to Vallejo, 460;-
wealth, 636;-ment., 37, 124,
146, 184, 295, 397, 531, 571,
577;-iv, confiscated, 91-92;-
taxed for white school, 94;-
mulcted, 133;-Indians feel
degradation, 141 ;-Hartnell,
153-154 ;-Fr. Rubio leaves, 238;
-Bishop confirms, 266;-re-
stored to friars, 274-277 ;-tem-
poral affairs, 362;-for rent,
447;-music band, 454;-sold,
507 ;-Rev. Stanislaus Lebret,
613;-litigation for lands, 747-
759;-ment., 76, 80, 177, 217,
237, 280, 296, 311, 312, 391,
394, 410, 506, 523, 583-586,
627, 681, 685, 776
Mission San Juan Bautista, site,
ii, 492;-founded, 495;-whitc
convert, 642;-ment., 256, 542,
622, 625;-iii, supplies to troops,
19;-elections, 150;-Rev. Ca-
non Fernandez, 154;-Fr. Ta-
pis dies, 221;-Fr. Arroyo's
zeal, 226;-his dictionary, 611;-
Zacatecan Father in charge,
452;-confiscated, 531;-wealth,
635;-ment., 126, 157, 295, 397,
598, 605;-iv, San Juan "de
Castro," 123;-almost destroy-
ed, 217;-only resources, 218;-
Bishop Diego, 266;-Fr. An-
zar, 297, 394, 412, 723;-Jose
Castro and Alvarado con-
spiracy, 326-327 ;-pueblo, 373;
-Fremont, 478, 545;-Jose Cas-
tro, 479;-some property to be
sold, 445-446 ;-mortgaged by
Castro, 506 ;-sold by Pico, 507;
-Rev. Francisco Mora, 719;-
ment., 145, 152, 237, 296, 311,
313, 674, 685, 723
Mission San Juan Capistrano,
site, ii, 29;-name proposed, 82;
-founded, first location, 169;-
delayed, 170;-founded by Fr.
Serra, 213-214 ;-Fathers as-
signed, 215;-donativo, 390;-
Vancouver, 470;-ment., 186,
210, 213, 215, 217, 240, 281,
287, 290, 334, 359, 370, 401,
435, 490-491, 542;-iii, earth-
quake, 16;-sacked by Bou-
chard, 59-60 ;-demands of Es-
tudillo, 128;-Fr. Francisco Su-
iier, 132;-elections, 150;-
emancipation, 241, 484, 498;-
confiscated, 531;-wealth, 632;-
76
Index
ment., 38, 300, 305, 395, 397,
418. 427, 471, 489, 538, 561;-
iv, Santiago Argiiello, 162;-to
let, 182;-Fr. Zalvidea, 180,
526;-Hartnell, 183-184;-pueblo-
184-185, 373;-Rev. Antonio
Jimenez, 258;-restored to fri-
ars, 274, 277;-condition in
1843, p. 323;-without priest,
370, 398, 618;-for sale, 445-
446;-sold, 458, 460, 495;-under
mayordomos, 637 ; - E m o r y ' s
suspicions, 582;-S to ck ton's
proclamation, 578;-Rev. Jose
M. Rosales, 685;-Rev. Pedro
Bagaria, 716;-ment., 237, 296
Mission San Luis Obispo, site,
ii, 39;-founded, 103, 512;-
guards needed, lll;-freight
for, 132, 159;-Anza, 178, 189;-
revolt, 209;-Fr. Serra con-
firms, 301, 367, 370, 399;-crim-
inal alcalde, 343-344 ;-donativo,
390;-contribution for new Mis-
sions, 454;-mechanics, 536;-
retreat place, 630;-ment., 59,
82, 85, 89, 93, 100, 101, 104,
129, 132, 168, 178, 185, 195,
208, 215, 249, 283, 320, 447,
486, 491, 575;-iii, locusts, 19;-
aid for troops, 70-71 ;-elec-
tions, 150;-freight, 224;-pov-
erty, 129, 247;-Fr. Martinez
ill-treated, 285-300, 332;-In-
dians reject freedom, 351;-
money due to Mission, 407;-
Fr. Sosa, 409;-Fr. Gil y Tabo-
ada dies, 466;-confiscated, 531;
-poverty, 559-560 ;-land grant
opposed, 643-644 ;-wealth, 633;
-false charge, 656, 661-662;-
ment.. 24, 25, 52, • 246, 278,
288, 291, 396;-iv, moneys due
to, 26;-Fr. Abella, 41, 237;-
Hartnell, 151, 184;-Rev. Jose
Miguel Gomez, 258, 295, 513,
516, 733 ;-property deeded to
Church, 265 ;-Bi shop Diego,
267;-Indian raids, 311, 643;-
condition in 1843, p. 322;-for
sale, 445, 446;-sold, 460, 495,
513;-cmancipated Indians, 637-
638;-land claim, 734, 736;-
ment.. 123, 263, 390, 458, 547,
550, 638, 685, 727
Mission San Luis Rey, site, ii,
496;-founded, 497;-iii, supplies
to soldiers, 128^ S56;-cattle
ranch, 144;-election, 150;-In-
dian idea of emancipation,
241;-Indian discontented, 305;
-Fr. Peiri departs, 410-412;-
is slandered, 414;-his work,
415;-Fr, Duran confirms, 481;
-Indians oppose emancipation,
483-484, 497-498 ;-Indian dis-
orders, 484;-confiscated, 531;-
inventory, 534;-emancipated
Indians, 535-538; -intolerable
conditions, 538-539 ; - w e a 1 1 h ,
632;-cattle slaughter, 658-660;
-ment., 365, 418, 420, 427, 471,
556;-iv, Hartnell, 148;-Pico's
misrule, 159-160, 182-183, 337,
340, 352, 442;-restored to fri-
ars, 274, 277;-state in 1843,
p. 323;-for rent, 447;-debts by
■ Pico, 496;-sold, 507, 582;-Fr.
Zalvidea dies, 525-526 ;-Em-
ory's suspicions, 581-582;-
Mormons, 589-591 ;-U. S. In-
dian agency, 593-596 ;-ment.,
174, 179-180, 237, 279, 296, 358,
370, 526, 571, 577, 641-642, 685,
776, 807-808
Mission San Miguel Arcangel,
site, ii, 491-492, 493;-founded,
495;-Fathers named, 495, 508,
549;-expedition, 620;- ment.,
542, 624;-iii, friars poisoned,
ll;-soldiers aided, 19;-expedi-
tion, 22-23-37 ;-elections, 150;-
Indians refuse liberty, 351;-
confiscated, 531;-Fr. Juan Ca-
bot departs, 567;-wealth, 634;
-ment., 26, 29, 205, 285, 295,
395, 397, 561;-iv, Ignacio Cor-
onel in charge, 31;-Fr. Mo-
reno, 237;-Bishop Diego, 267;
-vineyard La Mayor, 266 ;-a
parish, 295;-vacant, 370, 372,
373;-state in 1843, p. 322;-for
sale, 445-446 ;-sold, 508;-land
claim, 734;-ment., 390, 684,
685, 690
Mission San Rafael Arcangel,
founded as asistencia, iii, 31,
79, 139;-Fr. Ordaz visits, 147;
-Canon Fernandez, 155, 156;-
to be suppressed, 175-177, 180-
183 ;-a Mission, 184;-stipend
for, 249;-Fr. Amoros dies,
451 :-Zacatecans accept, 452;-
confiscated, 531;-Fr. Quijas,
Index
n
581-589, 591;-wealth, 636;-
ment., 136, 175-176, 178, 183,
184, 588;-iv, bled by paisano
chiefs, 133;-Hartnell, 154, 178;
-sad conditions, 215-216;-
without priest, 296, 373, 398;-
for sale, 445-446 ;-sold, 507;-
ment., 217, 218, 237, 267, 489,
616, 628, 685, 690
Mission Santa Barbara, Virgen
y Martir, preparations, ii, 367;
-Neve delays, 369;-proposed
site, 432-433 ;-founded, 434;-
Fathers named, 435 ;-numer-
ous converts, 498;-magnificent
defense, 551-580;-new plan
tried, 589;-retreat place, 630;-
ment., 372, 542, 548, 561, 577,
601, 608, 613;-iii, earthquake,
16;-hemp raised, 80;-convey-
ance used, 89-91 ;-elections,
150;-battle, 199-200 ;-kindness
of Indians to Fr. Jayme, 200;
-heartless soldiers, 201-202;-
Indians flee, 204;-return, 206;
-Fr. Ripoll, 197-206 ;-ref uses
oath, 244;-flight of, 257, 277;-
Fr. Duran arrives, 452;-con-
fiscated, 513;-wealth, 633;-
memorias, sample, 647-650;-
ment, 396, 397, 489, 604;-iv,
Alvarado and Fr. Duran, 60-
65;-Hartnell, 150;-Fr. Duran
in charge, 157-159 ;-Bishop Di-
ego arrives, 230-236 ;-re stored
to friars, 274-277 ;-oath taken,
282;-exempt, 286, 374;-state
of in 1843, p. 323:-no debts,
355;-ordinations, 257, 258, 412;
-Indian music band, 229, 452-
453;-San Marcos, asistencia,
457;-to let, 446;-leased, 458,
459, 461, 496;-Indians freed,
466;-surrendered to lessees,
457, 458, 464, 466;-sold, 508;-
Bishop ill, dies, 514-520;-Fr.
Duran dies, 522-524 ;-Bishop
Alemany at, 683, 684, 698, 702-
705;-last Mission in hands of
friars, 698;-formally trans-
ferred to Franciscans, 703-
7q5;-not fit for college, 706;-
Bishop Amat takes posses-
sion, 717-718 ;-ordinations, 718-
719;-Our Lady of Sorrows
College, 721 ;-lands conceded
by U. S. Court, 745;-ment.,
179, 227, 237, 279, 295, 515, 537,
625, 674, 683, 685, 698, 703
Mission Santa Clara de Asis,
preparations, ii, 82, 85, 111;-
site, 181 ;-Fathers assigned,
208;-delayed, 209, 215;-found-
ed, 216;-Fr. Serra, 304, 323,
326;-dedication of church, 399-
400;-Fr. Murguia dies, 399;-
Vancouver, 4i39;-Fr. Catala,
53 1 ;-success, 593 ;-Langsdorff,
635;-ment., 140, 206, 208, 214,
217-221, 280, 287, 290, 453, 493,
495, 508, 542, 624-625 ;-iii, elec-
tions, I50;-Canon Fernandez,
154;-Fr. Viader threatens, 224;
-religious indifference of col-
onists, 317;-Fr. Catala dies,
560;-Fr. Garcia Diego, 461-
462;-confiscated, 531;-wealth,
635-636 ;-ment., 146, 156, 323,
395, 396, 605;-iv, confiscated,
91-93;-taxed for white school,
93-94 ;-Alvarado's marriage,
125;-ghastly sight, 129;-
mulcted, 134;-Indians naked
for Vallejo, 138;-Hartnell,
153-rcstored to friars, 274,
temporal affairs, 360-361 ;-Fr.
Jose Real protests, 358-361;-
Forbes, 415;-Castro's hordes
plunder, 423;-Fr. Mercado
banished, 422-428 ;-to let, 447;
-J. Castro angered at Pico,
487;-mortgaged by Castro,
506;-orchard sold by Pico,
508;-Fr. J. Real, 515, 583-588,
597-599, 685, 723-724 ;-Go v.
Mason ejects squatters, 583;-
last Franciscan, 690-691 ;-size
of church, 691 ;-Jesuits, 690-
691;-lands, 747;-orchard in
court, 759-771
Mission Santa Cruz, site, ii, 48,
516;-founded, 453-454 ;-endan-
gered, 516-520 ;-ment., 508,
S42;-iii, Fr. Quintana mur-
dered, 12;-Indian criminals,
13-15 ;-poverty, 129;-elections,
150;-Zacatecan Father, 452;-
confiscated, 531;-wealth, 635;
-ment., 396, 397, 489, 508,
611;-iv, Hartnell, 152;-ruined,
217;-resources, 218;-Our Lady
of Refuge, 261;-Fr. Antonio
Re41, 297;-without priest, 394;
-Rev. Juan Francisco Lie-
78
Index
baria, 690;-Rev. Sebastiano
Filoteo,, 716;-ment., 89, 128,
237, 296, 412, 508, 583, 685,
723, 727, 806
Mission Santa Ines, Virgen y
Martir, site, ii, 600;-founded,
601 ;-guards, 613;-iii, elections,
150;-revolt, 195-197, 204;-Fr.
J. Jimeno, 572;-wealth, 633;-
ment., 395, 531, 561;-iv, Chico
furious, 20-21 ;-confiscated, 30-
30;-Fr. M. Vitoria, dies, 79;-
Hartnell, 151;-Fr. Jimeno,
presidentc, 177 ;-Bishop Diego,
258, 267;-land for seminary,
261-262;-Bishop opens semi-
nary, 263;-restored to friars,
274, 277;-exempt from sale,
286;-condition in 1843, pp.
322-325;-temporalities, 356-
357;-inventoried, 388 ;-Fr. Juan
Moreno dies, 412;-leased, 458,
459, 461, 462, 465, 496;-income,
465;-sale opposed, 465-468;-
sold, 508;-Pico at, 547;-FF.
Jimeno and Sanchez, 625,
698;-Picpus Fathers succeed,
625-626, 677, 685;-Rev. Eugene
O'Connell, 690;-Rev. Cipriano
Rubio. 719;-ment., 39, 50, 237,
279, 296, 454, 515, 518, 525,
537, 550, 716
Missions in Other Localities:
Mission (Pueblo) Concepcion
Purisima, (Fort Yuma), ii,
352
Mission Concepcion Purisima,
Lower California, ii, 16, 59
Mission Rosario, Lower Cali-
fornia, ii, 456;-iii, 407
Mission San Francisco de B6r-
ja. Lower California, ii, 127
Mission San Francisco Javier
del Bac, Arizona, ii, 134, 175,
200
Mission San Ignacio, Sonora,
ii, 174
Mission San Jose del Cabo,
Lower California, iv, 238, 515,
525
Mission San Jose de Comundu,
Lower California, iv, 238, 515
Mission San Jose de los Pimas,
or Pitiqui, Sonora, ii, 174, 190
Mission San Miguel, Lower Cal-
ifornia, iv, 18
Mission (Pueblo) San Pedro y
San Pablo de Bicuiiier, (in
Yuma Reservation), Califor-
nia, ii, 352
Mission Santo Domingo, Lower
California, iv, 123
Mission Santo Tomas, Lower
California, iv, 238, 515
Mission St. Paul, Oregon, iv,
614
Mission de T^res, Sonora, ii, 190
Missions, California, abandoned
in 1843, iv, 323-324 ;-agri cul-
tural etc., communities, ii, 7,
83, 382, 467; iv, 532-537 ;-as-
sessed for Gov. Sola, iii, 158;
-for Inspector Hartnell, iv,
146;-booklearning at, see Ed-
ucation, Schools;-not one
champion for in assembly, iii,
504;-on Santa Barbara (Chan-
nel, ii, 364-381 ;-confiscated,
iii, 531; iv, 16;-after confisca-
tion iv, 130-135, 214-215 ;-con-
templated, ii, 167-168, 418-420;
-conspiracy against, iv, 62-64;
-continuance forever hot in-
tended, ii, 373; iii, 120;-con-
trasted with pueblos, iii, 115;
-contrasted with U. S. reser-
vations, iii, 140;-iv, 656;-con-
tributions forced upon, iv, 94-
95, 286, 337, 505 ;-contribute
for maintenance of govern-
ment and troops, ii, 269; iii,
123-129, 165, 210, 238, 338, 405;
iv, 94, 337, 502, see Over-
taxed ;-cost government noth-
ing, ii, 363, 585; iv, 337;-de-
fenseless, iii, 166;-destruction
due to Pico and confederates,
iv, 320, 444;-diseases at, ii,
608-610, 633; iv, 321;-Fr. Du-
ran pleads for, iv, 62-64 ;-Fr.
Duran proposes new chain of,
iii, 341-342, 493-494 ;-ecclesias-
tical institutions, iii, 502;-ex-
tinction of decreed, iv, 380,
450;-golden age of, ii, 599-
600;-at height of prosperity,
ii, 648;-last, in hands of friars,
iv. 91;-life at, ii, 252-256, 263-
265, 467; iv, 649;-milch cow
for troops, iii, 237, 338, SSS;-
mother of territorial wealth,
iv, 497;-mortality at, ii, 500-
501, 608; iii, 29-30, 79;-object
Index
79
of, ii, 7, 83, 384; iii, 311-312;
iv, 527-528 ;-ordered restored
to friars, iii, 469;-overbur-
dened, iii, 222, 225; iv, 387-
388;-overtaxed, iii, 169, 188,
226-227, 234-236, 241; iv, 286;-
owed the government noth-
ing, iv, 22-23, 336;-parishes,
curacies, terms, not to be used
for, iii, 580;-without priests,
iv, 398;-property of neophytes,
iii, 104, 388-389, 630-631; iv,
22-27 ;-not property of nation,
iii, 104, 388-389, 630-631; iv,
22-27, 92, 286, 290, 347;-pros-
perous, ii, 580-581; iv, 298, 352,
496;-plundered, iv, 92-96, 104,
133-135, 138, 727;-ready for
secularization properly so
called, iii, 489;-re stored to
friars, iv, 274, 277, 339;-sad
state of, iii, 190-193 ;-illegal
sale of, iv, 347, 500-503, 756;-
sale, annulled, iv, 566;-salva-
tion of territory, iii, 115, 274,
313, 349;-support troops, iii,
ll5;-surrendered to Orizaba
College, iii, '51-53, 55-57 ;-sur-
rendered to Zacatecan Fath-
ers, iii, 452; iv, 296;-only
source of funds to resist in-
vaders, iv, 566;-sold by Pico,
iv, 445, 460, 507, 723;-state of
in 1803, ii, 593-594 ;-in 1843,
iv, 322-324 ;-Sundays and holy-
days at, ii, 256, 627;-value to
territory, iii, 274; iv, 536-537;-
victims of greed and selfish-
ness, iv, 99, 337-339, 493
Missions, domestic and foreign,
iii, 318;-iv, 285-286
Mob law at Los Angeles, iv,
34-35
Moctezuma, name proposed for
California, iii, 251
Moderados, political party in
Spanish Cortes, iii, 95
Mofras, Eugene Duflot de, iii,
630-636;-on Fr. Ibarra, iv,
180;-on Indian diseases, 322;-
on California women, 414;-
ment., 98, 275, 647
Mohave (Mojaves, Jamajabs)
Indians, ii, 193-195, 197, 199,
200;-iii, ill-treated by soldiers
at San Buenaventura, 31-33;-
revenge, 38;-ment., 62
Mohave River, ii, 194, 199
Mohave Station, Cal., ii, 199
Molinier, Rev. J., iv, 719
Monasterio, Jose Maria Ortiz,
Mexican Minister, iii, 469;-iv,
475
Monasteries proposed by Cali-
fornia would -be -statesmen,
iii, 323
Monastery, Carmelite, proposed
for San Francisco, see Car-
melites
Monasticism misjudged, iii, 502
Money, or cash, not sent to
Missions, ii, 219, 247;-scarce,
459;-should not be given to
Indians, iv, 463;-collected
from Pious Fund, 669-670
Monjas, Indian girls and^ un-
married women at Missions,
ii, 249
Monjerio, or dormitory for
monjas, ii, 249-250, 572;-iii,
336, 529;-iv, 9;-at San Carlos,
ii, 559;-at Purisima, 558;-at
Santa Barbara, 558
Monk-baiters, iii, 247
Monk more tolerant than secu-
lar official, ii, 589
Monks not friars, properly
speaking, iii, 110
Monks and nuns, foolish no-
tions about, iii, 517;-iv, 805-
812
Monopoly, royal, in trade mat-
ters, ii, 437
Montecito, site proposed for
Mission, ii, 432-433
Monte-Franco, Most Rev. Fr.
Bernardino de, iv, 713
Monteil, Rev. John Caspar du,
C. SS. CC, iv, 625
Montenegro, Eugenio, iv, 481
Montenegro, Most Rev., iii, 429
Monterde, Mariano, governor of
Lower California, iii, 346
Monterey Bay or Port, ii, 3;-
expedition for, 22;-Portola at,
41-44, 54-58 ;-re-discovered, 73;
-Mission founded at, 75;-pos-
session taken for king, 76;-
rejoicing in Mexico, 79;-prc-
sidio, 89, 110-111, 122, 165,
168;-distress at, 100;-Anza ar-
rives, 182;-seat of territorial
government, 218, 301;-La Pe-
rouse, 435;-Malaspina, 439-
8o
Index
440 ;- Vancouver, 469-470 ;-
school at, 474;-mcnt., 438,
441, 451, 492, 662;— iii, pre-
sidio, 68, 124, --electors meet,
150, 251, 501 ;~capital of terri-
tory, 596-597 ;-school at, 651;
— iv, declared permanent cap-
ital, 127, 579, 583;-attended by
Fr. Jose Real, 237;-reception
to Bishop Diego, 263-264;-a
partido, 390;-custom house,
471;-Fremont at, 478;-Cas-
tro's military junta meets,
480-482 ;-Rev. Doroteo Ambris
in charge, 516;-Commodore
Sloat in harbor, 551;-United
States flag raised, 552-554;-
elections, 562-563 ;-constitu-
tional convention, 659-660;-
named residence of Bishop
Alemany, 666;-arrives, 684;-
poor accommodations, 684,
687;-Fr. Ramirez, pastor, 685;
-first Sisters' convent, 688;-
first Dominican convent, 692;
-Bishop Amat arrives, 717;-
Carey Jones at, 729;-ment.,
296, 486, 565, 782, see under
various governors
Monterey town council protests
against exile of friars, iii, 275-
277
Monterey, Rio de, ii, 178, see
Rio
Monterey diocese separated
from Mexican jurisdiction, iv,
694;-boundaries of, 710-711
Monteros, Carlos Espinosa de
los, ii, 643
Montgomery, Rev. Fr. Charles
Pius, O. P., named Bishop of
California, but declines, iv,
666
Montgomery, Most Rev. George,
iv, 666
Montgomery, John B., iv, 551;-
raises U. S. flag at San Fran-
cisco, 554-555
Montgomery, Zachary, iv, 666
Montesdeoca, Demetrio, Mex-
ican Minister, order prohibit-
ing sale of Missions, iv, 455,
501-502, 756-758, 768-771 ;-un-
known to friars, 512;-disre-
garded by the conspirators,
502-503, 505, 509
Monthly Mass in thanksgiving,
ii, 401
Montoya, T. M., Mexican En-
voy to Rome, iv, 190-192, 207
Montserrate, religious of, iii, 93
Monzon, The, iv, 158
Moody, Dr. Charles S., ii, 271-
272
Moore, B. D., iv, 572, 573
Moors, African, not so bad as
California oppressors of In-
dians, iv, 111-112
Moqui Indians, ii, 195, 199-200
Mora, Rt. Rev. Francisco, iv,
718-719
Moraga, Gabriel, ii, 519;-or-
dered to apologize to Fr.
Catala, 531;-ment., 622, 623,
624, 681;-iii, 37-38, 62, 132
Moraga, Jos^ Joaquin, with
Anza, ii, 171, 174;-takes charge
of colonists, 179;-with Anza
to San Francisco Bay, 180-
184;-death of, 451;-ment., 188,
201-202, 204, 206-209, 215, 216,
222, 410, 674
Moral corruption and infidelity,
iii, 543-544
Moral, mental and religious
qualifications of missionaries,
ii, 245-246
Moral perceptions of anti-Cath-
olic romancers, iv, 806-812
Morales, Rt. Rev. Angelo Mari-
ano, iv, 202
Morelia, Mexico, iv, 518
Morelos, Jose M., ii, 650-651
Morelos y Pavon, Jose M.,
Mexican revolutionist, iii, 17
Morelos, The, iii, 507
Moreno, Cal., ii, 667
Moreno, Jose Matias, iv, 759-
760, 765-767
Moreno, Fr. Juan, arrived, iii,
247, 272 ;-re tires to Purisima,
452;-neophytes of San Miguel
want him as manager, iv, 151;
-asks for land grant for col-
lege, 261, 735;-at San Miguel,
237;-at Santa Ines seminary,
263, 279;-in charge of Puri-
sima, 356;-protest against giv-
ing land away, 364;-death of,
364, 412;-autograph, 356
Moreno, Fr. Matias, ii, 352, 477-
479
Moreno, Fr. Rafael, arrived, iii,
Index
8i
442;-assigned, 452;-vice-comi-
sario, 606;-ment., 460-461 ;-iv,
presidente of Zacatecans, 14;-
circular on restored Missions,
14-15;-to Gutierrez, 50;-on
new governor, 76;-confirms,
80;-on contribution for white
school, 93-95 ;-asks payment
from Mariano Vallejo, 95;-
death of, 120
Moreno, Santiago, iii, 277
Mormon battalion, arrives, iv,
589;-at San Luis Rey, 589-591;
-piety of, 590;-industry of,
592;-ment., 480, 485, 563, 593
Morocojo, Cal., ii, 41
Mortality among neophytes, ii,
500-501, 608-609 ;-iii, 29-30, 79,
see Fr. Abella, Galico
Mortgage put on Mission San
Juan Bautista by Jose Castro,
iv, 506
Moses, prayer of, ii, 468
Mostrencas, or unclaimed land,
iv, 370, 371
Mote and beam, ii, 561
Mother Mary de Agreda, ii, 101
Mother Mary Goemaere, first
Dominican Sister, iv, 682, 688
Mother of Sorrows, Patron of
Mission College, Santa Bar-
bara, iv, 720-721
Motive for demand to call as-
sembly, iii, 355-356
Motive of Mission despoilers,
iii, 239, 322, see Pio Pico, Al-
varado, Vallejo
Motive for Pico's haste to sell
Missions, iv, 505
Motive for slandering the friars,
ii. 263;-iii, 319-320;-iv, 307,
363-367
Motive for revolt against Vic-
toria, iii, 361;-against Michel-
torena, iv, 344
Mount Edgecombe, ii, 159
Mount Olympus, ii, 152
Mount Santa Rosalia, ii, 152
Mountain Lake, Cal., ii, 180
Mountain lions, iii, 81
Mounted Indians, Pages objects
to, ii, 425
Moving picture people, iv, 812
Moya, Most Rev. Fr. Pablo de,
ii, 603, 605, --iii, death of, 45
Muckraking not relished by
clean-minded, iv, 808
Mucucuiz, on the route of Fr,
Payeras, iii, 143
Muenchhausen of California, iii,
160, 557, 631;-iv, 781
Mugdrtegui, Fr. Pedro Pablo,
comes with Fr. Serra, ii, 126;-
ill, at San Diego, 131, 145;-
at San Luis Obispo, 178;-at
San Juan Capistrano, 214,
215, 287, 359;-vice-presidente,
405 ;-€mpowered to confirm in
emergency, 454;-presides at
chapter, Mexico, 489;-ment.,
521, 529
Mulege, Lower California, iv,
633
Mules killed for food, ii, 54,
59, 61
Mulligan Hill, Cal., ii, 41, 42
Multiplicity of languages, iii,
. 609-611
Muiioz, Juan Antonio, iii, 601
Muiioz, Fr. Pedro, with expedi-
tions, ii, 622-623, 681-683 ;-iii,
25;-retires, 47;-autograph, ii,
623^
Munras, Estevan, iii, 251 ;-iv, de-
clines to attend Pico assem-
bly, 340;-ment., 52, 285, 471,
472;-autograph, 52
Muquelumnes (Muguelomes,
Muquelemnes), iii, 37;-iv, 216,
311, 314
Murguia, Fr. Jose Antonio, in
Lower California, ii, 68;-
comes to Upper California,
127-128;-at San Antonio, 129;
-at San Carlos, 131, 146, 178,
185;-assigned to Santa Clara,
208, 215, 216, 387;-illness and
death, 399-400
Muro, Fr. Miguel, arrives with
Bishop Diego, iv, 222, 227;-
at Mission San Jose, 238;-
retires to college, 410;-auto-
graph, 410
Murphy, Jacobo, ii, 440
Murphy, Timothy, iv, 133, 697
Music, instrumental, ii, 256
Musical instruments, ii, 263, 559
Musicians, Indian, iv, 452, 453
Musico organista, ii, 483
Musquitoes, ii, 97
Mutiny of Figueroa's men, iii,
443
Mutsun language, ii, 299
Muzzling the clergy, iv, 419
Mystery solved, ii, 430;-iv, 109
82
Index
N
Nachborn, Benjamin, iv, 597
Nacimiento River, ii, 491
Naglee, Henry M., iv, 585-587
Name of God avoided by pai-
sano chiefs, iii, 362-363 ;-iv,
497
Name, the Lord's, as given
name, iv, 153
Name, Mexican, detested, iv,
104
Names of Figueroa's legislators,
iii, 502
Names for Missions proposed
by viceroy, ii, 82
Names, some beautiful, to whom
due, iii, 253
Napa, Cal., iii, 178
Napoleon, ii, 648;-iii, 94;-iv, 111
.Narciso, Indian, iv, 452
Narvaez, Pedro, iv, 481
Nash, John H., iv, 724
Natalia, The, iii, 507
Nathan, the Prophet, iv, 420
Nationalism, un-Christian, iv,
416-419, see Nativism
Nationalism smothered in the
friars, iii, 448, see also Na-
tivism
Nationalities among immigrants,
iv, 612
National property and Indian
property, iv, 377
Native Calif ornians ordained
priests, iii, 343
Natividad de Nuestra Sefiora,
Caiiada de la, ii, 39
Natividad, rancho, skirmish at,
iv, 568
Native sons or Hijos del Pais,
cause of troubles, iv, 71, see
Paisanos
Nativism rampant, iii, 330, 366,
368, 406-407, 482;-iv, 417;-in
Mexico, 520
Nava, Rev. Jose, ii, 395
Nava, General Pedro de, ii, 457,
463;-autograph, 457
Navarrete, Jose Antonio, iii,
62, 148, 152
Navarrete, Ramon, iii, 145
Navarro, Pedro Galindo, ii, 305,
463
Navy of United States on the
Pacific, iv, 551
Necessity forced poor method
at San Diego, ii, 587-588
Needles, The, Cal., ii, 193, 194
Needs of Missions known to
missionaries, ii, 284
Needs of neophytes militate
against secularization, iii, 273,
338-342
Needs of troops oppose secu-
larization, iii, 492-493
Negrete, Luis Castillo, iv, 124
Negrete, Pedro Celestino, iii,
159
Nellus, Henry, iv, 234
Neofitos Californios, or Lower
California neophytes, ii, 72,
94, 103, 129, 203, 287, 341
Neophytes, their affection for
missionaries, ii, 277-278 ;-iii,
264 ;-con tented at Missions, ii,
467, 580, 589; iii, 381-382;-
food of, iii, 264;-not forced
to join Missions, iii, 380;-
not free to desert, ii, 264, see
Runaways ;-harassed by sol-
diery, iii, (n^n, 81-82, 119;-
helplessness of, detained fri-
ars, ii, 136-137; iii, 250-260,
304;-kept together by pres-
ence of missionaries, iii, 263;-
labor of maintains territory,
ii, 467;-as laborers at pre-
sidios, ii, 537-538, 568-572;-
largest number, iii, 264; iv,
529, 657;-liberty yielded to
God alone, iv. 111; liberty in
Missions, ii, 547;-life at Mis-
sions, see Missions ;-needs of
demand presence of friars,
iii, 273, 338-342 ;-at Missions
in 1789, ii, 448;-in 1832, iii,
653;-orderly under mission-
aries, iv, 306;-after secular-
ization, iv, 215, 310, 407;-some
to be taken to Mexico for
education, iii, 342;-as serv-
ants, ii, 280, 568-570 ;-suffer
want for soldiers, iii, 67-73,
81-82, 331;-system necessary
at San Diego, ii, 339;-vaca-
tions, ii, 505, 554, 566-567, sec
also Indians, Missions, Fri-
ars, Missionaries, Routine
Nero, Roman emperor, iv, 46
Neve, Felipe de, named govern-
or of both Calif ornias, ii, 171;
-differences with Dominicans,
Index
83
218, 287;-ordered to reside in
Upper California, 216;-direct-
ed to act in harmony with
Fr. Serra, 217, 280;-at Mon-
terey, 218;-at San Francisco,
218;-his salary, 284;-meddles
with spiritual affairs, 280-292,
297-318, 334;--begrudges mis-
sionaries their rations, 280-
287;-hostile to friars, 274, 282,
289, 291-292, 327, 331, 336-344,
357, 362, 369-370, 383, 385;-
abuses Fr. Serra's love of
peace, 292;-attack on liberty
of missionaries, 294-295 ;-over-
ruled by viceroy, 295;-arro-
gant demands upon Fr. Serra,
302-304, 317;-refuses guards to
Fr. Serra, 304;-traduces Fr.
Serra, but only pictures him-
self, 313-314;-schemes to over-
throw Mission System, 330-
335, 344, 350, 362, 399;-regla-
mento an assault on Missions,
327-335, 371, 381, 417, 523;-
scheme frustrated, 368-369;-
baffled by San Fernando Col-
lege, 371-382;-reglamento con-
cerning Missions repealed,
417, 427;-reglamento on colon-
ization, 328-330;-embarrasses
Fr. Serra, 338-339 ;-disappoints
Fr. Serra, 369-370 ;-hastens Fr.
Serra's death, 330-331 ;-de-
mands inventories, 347;-
founds Los Angeles, 366-367;
iii, 645;-rule destructive and
degrading, ii, 347-348, 364,
423;-fails in campaign, 355-
357;-succeeded by Pedro
Fages, 356-357;-secret in-
structions to Fages, 361;-ap-
pointed inspector-general,
356;-war contribution, 390;-
unjust grain measure, 427;-
named comandante- general,
405;-theories, 525;-idiotic
scheme, 585-587 ;-m en t., 120,
200, 219-221, 279, 347, 349,
368-371, 380, 382, 415, 432,
440, 597, 676; iii, 526, 637;-iv,
816;-autograph, vol. i, 514
New arrivals, friars, ii, 544
New calumnies invented, iv, 805
New chain of Missions pro-
posed by Fr. Payeras, iii, 78,
142;-by Fr. Dur4n, iii, 341-342
New England, iii, 651, 652
New Helvetia, Cal., 315, 328,
414, 489
New Mexico, ii, 125, 260, 264,
292;-iii, 185, 274;-iv, 283, 551
New Mission system proposed
by De Croix and Neve, ii,
351-353 ;-its failure, 357
New River, Cal., ii, 192
New San Francisco, (Solano)
iii, 178, 180
New Spain, ii, 229, 336
New York, iv, 591, 696, 714,
718, 797, 814
News in early days very slow,
ii, 67, 201, 294, 313, 319, 442,
459, 468, 607;-iii, 147-148, 464-
465;-iv, 85-86, 186, 187, 246
Newspaper, first, in California,
iv, 563
Newspaper subscription, iii, 267
Newspaper tyranny, iii, 448
Newspapers cease publication
for want of hands, iv, 610
Nieto, Manuel, land grant to,
iii, 645
Niggardly treatment of mission-
aries, ii, 280-288, 330-335, 526,
544.548 ;-iii, 53
Nine Missions ceded to Orizaba
College, iii, 51
Nine years of comisionado mis-
rule, iv, 338-339, 433
Ninive, iv, 289
Nipomo, rancho, iv, dZl
Nisbet, James, iii, 630
Nobili, Rev. John, S. J., ar-
rives at San Francisco, iv,
627, 677;-assistant at San
Jose, 681, 685;-receives Santa
Clara Mission for college, 691;
-ment., 680, 689
Noboa, Fr. Diego, named for
California, ii, 375;-arrives at
San Francisco, 395; at San
Carlos, 396, 397;-sent to Santa
Clara, 400
Nocedal, Fr. Jose, arrives, ii,
167, 202 ;-chaplain on voyage,
203-205 ;-at dedication of San
Francisco presidio, 206;-chap-
lain again, 220, 319;-death of,
320
Noches Indians, ii, 197-198
Nogueira, Fr. Antonio, guard-
ian, ii, 489, 525, 532;-death of,
494, 524;-autograph, 494
84
Index
N ombre de Jesus, Rio, or dc
Temblores, ii, 30, 90
Nome Cult Valley Massacre, iv,
652-653
Nootka Sound discovered, ii,
l52;-possession taken, 438,
439, 441;-ceded to England,
442;-ment., 486
Norfolk Sound, or Puerto de
Nuestra Senora de Guadalupe,
ii, 159
Noriega, Fr. Matias Antonio de
Santa Catarina y, chaplain of
the Princesa, ii, 321-324 ;-at
Dolores, 324;-at San Carlos,
400, 436;-ment., 452-455, 481,
S44;-autograph, 452
Notre Dame Sisters de Namur
first, iv, 688
North Beach, San Francisco,
Cal., ii, 164
Northern Missions ceded to
Guadalupe College, iii, 407
Northwest Coast discoveries, ii,
3, 144-161
Nota de los oficiales on Malas-
pina's expedition, ii, 440
Notes on Echeandia's plan by
Fr. Duran, iii, 379-402
Notes for music, as used at
Missions (fac-simile), ii, 256-
257
Noticias de la Nueva Cali-
fornia by Fr. Francisco Palou,
ii. Introduction, p. xxxii;-395,
404
Notonto, rancheria, ii, 623
Novena spoiled by order of M.
Vallejo, iii, 586-587
Novenas, various, ii, 64, 147,
151, 152, 164;-iii, 165, 586-587
Novice, first female, in Cali-
fornia, iv, 688;-first male, iv,
692
Novices, first Franciscan, in
California, iv, 707
Novitiate, first Dominican in
California, iv, 692;-first Fran-
ciscan, 702-703
Nuestra Sefiora de la Luz, feast
of, iv, 793-794
Nuestra Senora de la Regla,
bay, ii, 322
Nueva Galicia, The, ii, 220;-iii,
63
Nueva Vizcaya, Mexico, ii, 292;
-iii, 185
Nuevo Leon, Mexico, ii. 371,
457
Nuevo Santander, Mexico, col-
ony, ii, 457
Nuez, Fr. Joaquin Pascual, ex-
pected, iii, 16;-with expedi-
tion from San Gabriel, 38-3_9;
-his Diario, 39;-autograph, 39
Number, highest, of neophytes
at one time, iii, 264;-iv, 529,
657
Number of missionaries, highest
at one period, ii, 632
Number, highest, of live-stock,
iii, 631-637, 655, 656;-iv, 531
Number of bushels of grain,
highest, iv, 535
Number, highest of baptisms,
deaths, and marriages at all
Missions, iv, 529
Number of Indian girls mar-
ried to whites before 1800,
iii, 645
Number of missionaries in 1799,
ii, 540
Number of priests at arrival of
Bishop Alemany, iv, 657
Number of reports prescribed,
iii, 250
Number of lashes fixed by
Spanish law, ii, 276;-recom-
mended by Gov. Mason, iv,
643
Nun, first in California, iv, 682
Nuns maltreated by revolution-
ists in Mexico, iv, 798-799
Nupchenche, rancheria, ii, 623,
681
Nutshell, case of Missions in,
ii, 363, 384;-iii, 311-316;-iv,
337-339
O
Oakland, Cal., ii, 53, 96, 181
Oak, Vizcaino's, at Monterey,
ii, 146
Oath on Spanish Constitution
of 1812 taken by Governor
Sola and missionaries, iii, 105-
106;-to Mexican independence
by military, 148-149 ;-by fri-
ars, 149, 151, 563;-on Mexi-
can Constitution of 1824 de-
manded, 213;-sworn to by
Gov. Argiiello and assembly,
215;-refused by Fr. Sarria,
Index
85
214-216, 267;-cxplains refusal,
217-219;-taken by Fr. Este-
naga at San Francisco, 215-
216;-Fr. Tapis^s view, 220-
221;-Fr. Duran favors, then
refuses, 218, 222-223, 267-268;
-views of other missionaries,
243-245, 382;-on Bises Organ-
icas of 1835, 4-5;-to Alvarado
government, 65;-on Bises Or-
ganicas de Tacubaya taken
by Bishop and clergy, 282
Oath to Mexican republic of-
fered by Fr. Duran, iv, 80-81
Oaths become playthings, iii,
223;-superfluous, 244; -in ef-
fect, to a group of faithless
politicians, 268;-not required
by U. S. Government, iv, 599
Oath as vicario foraneo by Fr.
Lasuen, ii, 542;-by Fr. Tapis,
608
Oaxaca, Mexico, ii, 342;-iv, 202
Obedience not binding against
law of nature, iii, 548;-blind,
always within lawful limits,
101 ;-to existing government,
245
Object of California conquest,
ii, 3, n, 140, 162, 281. 361,
415, 658;-of Catholic religious,
iii, 616-61 7 ;-of Fr. Garcia Di-
ego's departure for Mexico,
605;-of freethinking Liberals,
618;-of Fr. Garces's tours, ii,
192, 195;-of Indian industry,
iii, 644;-of the missionaries,
ii, 241-245, 333-334, 363,
635, 639; iii, 243-244, 423; iv,
337, 527-530;-of the Missions,
ii, 138-139, 267, 272, 273, see
Missions ;-of Missions defeat-
ed, iv, 149-1 50;-of Mission
confiscation, iv, 438;-of Mis-
sion enemies, iii, 321-322, 481;
-of Pio Pico's hostility to
Missions, iv, 351;-of Pious
Fund, ii, 284, see Pious Fund;
-of Provincias Internas, ii,
292-293 ;-of soldier guards, ii,
281, see Soldiers ;-f or sup-
pressing religious Orders, iii,
98-99, 618
Obligation of purchaser of Mis-
sion, iv, 510
Obligations contracted well
known to neophytes, ii, 264
O'Brien, P. Moffat, at recep-
tion of Bishop Alemany, iv,
682
O'Connell, Rev. Eugene, ar-
rives at San Francisco, iv,
688-689 ;-rector of Santa Ines
Seminary, 690, 716;-pastor of
English-speaking Catholics at
San Francisco, 696;-to suc-
ceed Fr. Rubio as adminis-
trator, 694;-writes to Fr. J.
Timeno from Ireland, 708,
/16;-president of San Fran-
cisco Seminary, 715
O'Doherty, George, at recep-
tion of Bishop Alemany, iv,
682
O'Donnell; Hugh, iv, 682
O'Donoju, Juan, viceroy, iii, 108
O'Dwyer, Sister Mary Bernard,
iv, 714
O'Farrell, Jasper, iv, 697
O'Neil, Sister Mary Aloysia, iv,
688
Observations of latitude by
Costanso, ii, 24, 28-31, 34, 38,
44, 48, 50, 96, 98, 176;-by Fr.
Crespi, see Crespi
Obstacles, worst, encountered
by missionaries, iii, 319-320
Obstacles in multiplicity of lan-
guages, ii, 252-253, see Lan-
guage
Obstructing work of mission-*
aries, ii, 286-287, see Neve,
Echeandia
Oceanica, Picpus Missions of,
iv, 624
Occupation of neophytes, ii,
258-263, 560-564, 637;-iv, 530-
537^
Ochejame Indians, iv, 216
Offer of friars to cede Mis-
sions, iii, 51, 321
Offerings for foreign Missions,
iv, 790;-for Poor Souls, 790-
791
Office of the Dead, ii. 170
Office of vicario foraneo held
by Fr. Presidente, iii, 408
Officers of United States re-
spectful to priests, iv, 586
Offices for henchmen, iii, 393,
395-397 ;-iv, 387-388
Officials of United States sus-
picious about Mission prop-
erty, iv, 723
86
Index
Officials, worthless, ii, 515, see
Comisionados, Administrators
Ohio, iv, 666, 682, 687, 788
Oils, Holy, difficult to obtain,
ii, 63, 642-645;-iii, 249, 266;-
blessed first time in Cali-
fornia, iv, 257;-ment., 186, 304,
615, 663
Oil, olive, first produced at
Mission San Diego, ii, 595;-iv,
534
Ojito Rancho, iv, 727
Olalla (Eulalia), Laguna de, ii,
176, 192
Olasarra, Jose de, iii, 95
Olbes, Fr. Ramon, arrives, iii,
16
Old Hickory — President Andrew
Jackson, iv, 792
Old Mexico, history of, ii, 264,
see Mexico
Old Missions contribute for
new ones, ii, 247
Old San Francisco Bay, or
Drake's Bay, ii, 96, 97, 661^
Old San Juan Capistrano, li,
496
Old Town, San Diego, ii, 18;-
iv, 574
Oliva, Fr. Vicente Pascual, ii,
334;-arrives, iii, 17; -refuses
oath, 244, 269, 273;-not med-
dling with politics, 418-419;-
despondent, 479-480, 538;-
cannot give supplies demand-
ed, 556;-to Figueroa on cat-
tle slaughter, 659-660 ;-iv, at
San Diego, 115, 237, 323;-re-
ports from, 279. 358;-signs
circular, 515, 525; death of,
618;-autograph, iii, 480
Olivas, at Solano, iii, 585
Olivera, Antonio, iv, 311
Olivera, Ignacio, ii, 496
Olomosoug, rancheria, ii, 679
Olvera, Agustin, assembly, iv,
472, 485, 565
Onalaska Indians, ii, 641
Onate, Juan de, ii, 193
One missionary at a Mission,
Neve's scheme, ii, 331-335,
424;-king*s decision, 427
Onsono, Fr. Julian, discreto, ii,
626
Open book, the lives of friars,
iv, 385
Opening of first Dominican
novitiate in California, iv, 692;
-of first Franciscan, 707-708;
-of Jesuit College, 691
Opinion of Judge Ogden Hoff-
man in Mission Land Cases,
iv, 747-771
Opposition to missionaries, mo-
tive for, ii, 362-363, 406
Oraibe, Moqui pueblo, Arizona,
ii, 200
Oramas, Fr. Cristobal, ii, 434-
435, 519
Orchard of Santa Clara sold
by Pico, iv, 508;-litigation for,
759-771 ;-of Mission San Juan
Bautista sold by Pico, iv, 507
Ord, Judge Pacificus, consulted
by Bishop Alemany, iv, 731
Ord, Mrs. Maria de las Angus-
tias, on revolt at Santa Bar-
bara, iii, 197, 200, 206;-on
flight of Fathers Ripoll and
Altimira, 257;-on imprison-
ment of Fr. Luis Martinez,
292-294, 304;-on Echeandia's
bad influence over Indians,
305
Ordaz, Fr. Bias, arrives, iii, 56,
84;-with expedition to north,
145-147 ;-celebrates holy Mass
at Carquinez Strait, 146;-at-
tends dying Fr. Seiian, 174,
178;-in charge of Santa Ines
Mission, 196, 204;-refuses
oath, 244, 270, 273;-accuses
Fr. Duran of disloyalty, 572,
575;-subject to censure, 574;
-submits, 574-575 ;-disobedi-
ence, 575-576 ;-accused of mis-
conduct, 576-577 ;-iv, at San
Fernando, 237, 279, 323, 357.
5l5;-death of, 686;-ment., 30,
702;-autograph, iii, 575
Order of Our Lady of Ransom,
iii, 573;-iv, 190
Order, general, of Commodore
Sloat at Monterey, iv, 551-552
Orders, religious, in Mexico,
iii, 93, 99;-why molested, 616-
620
Ordinations by Bishop Diego
at Santa Barbara, iv, 257-258,
412;-by Archbishop Alemany
at San Francisco, 698;-by
Bishop Amat at Santa Bar-
bara, 718-719
Index
87
Oregon City, iv, 614, 615, 689
Oregon immigrants, iv, 473, 615
Oregon, ment., iv, 478, 545, 614,
616, 627, 677, 689, 691, 809
Oregon, The, iv, 318
Orencio, Indian, ii, 507
Origin of California Indians, ii,
226
Origin of wicked stories, iv,
806-808
Originator of Mission System,
ii, 245;-of Mission regula-
tions, 246
Orizaba Franciscan College
asked to take some Missions,
iii, 50-51, 56, 407;-accepts, 51-
52, 55, 56;-declines, 53, 57
Orphan asylum, first, at Los
Angeles in charge of Sisters,
iv, 718;-at San Francisco, 697
Orranea, Very Rev. Camilo,
administrator of Sonora dio-
cese, iii, 408-409
Orruno, Fr. Jesus, guardian, iv,
702-704, 707, 722
Ortega, Antonio, mayordomo at
Solano, iii, 582-589 ;-goes un-
punished, 590-592
Ortega, Antonio Maria, assem-
bly, iii, 251
Ortega, Francisco Maria, son
of Jose Francisco de, elector,
iii, 150;-assembly, 157, 185
Ortega, Jose Francisco de, ser-
geant, ii, 16;-with Portola ex-
pedition, 23, 44, 47, 49, 51-53,
666;-lieutenant, 169, 183, 184,
368;-proposed for governor
by Fr. Serra, lll;-appointed
comandante of San Diego
presidio, 119, 125, 133;-coman-
dante of Santa Barbara, 451
Ortega, Jose Joaquin, son of
Jose Maria, assembly, iii, 327,
365, 366, 368, 502, 510;-ad-
ministrator of Mission San
Diego, 534;-removal demand-
ed, iv, 147; substitute for last
assembly, 472
Ortega, Jose Maria, son of Jose
Francisco, sergeant, ii, 491,
562, 569-571, 592;--owner of
Rancho de Refugio, iii, 59,
646
Ortega, Juan, sergeant, son of
Jose Francisco, iii, 23
Ortega, Manuel, iv, 151
Ortega Rancho, iv, 20
Osio, Antonio Maria, on battle
at Santa Barbara, iii, 200;-on
Fr. Sarria, 206;-veracity of,
254, 369;-on change in In-
dians, 30S;-assembly, 327, 365,
366, 368, 510;-false charge of,
656-658 ;-iv, veracity of, 40;-
against Alvarado, 60;-assem-
bly, 66, 123;-ment., 124, 127,
157, 284, 285, 325, 389, 760
Osito, or San Benvenuto, ii, 39
Oso Flaco, or Real de las Vi-
boras, ii, 38
Csos, Los, site of Mission San
Luis Obispo, ii, 39
Osuna, Juan, alcalde, iv, 147
Otolon, Indian, ii, 507
Otter skins obtained by Rus-
sians, ii, 634
Our Lady of the Angels, ii, 31,
166, 367;-of Light, iv, 793;-
of Refuge, 607;-of Sorrows
Church, 706-707, 712, 717;-
College, Santa Barbara, 719-
720
Outrageous fabrication, iv, 808-
810
Outrages against Indians, iv,
647-654, see Indians
Overseers, missionaries not
mere, ii, 422
Overtaxed, Missions, iii, 234-235,
see Contributions, Taxes
Overworked Indians at presi-
dios, ii, 561-563, see Indians
Owners, rightful,, of Mission
lands, iii, 375;-384;-iv, 288,
290, 347, 373, 437, 464-465
Ownership of Church property
at Missions, iii, 549;-iv, 733-
745
Ox-cart, ii, 260-261 ;-iii, 89-90
Paba, Dr. Luis, ii, 550
Pablo, Yuma chief, ii, 175, 176,
192
Pacheco, Francisco Perez, as-
sembly, iii, 251, 253
Pacheco, Juan Francisco, iv,
404
Pacheco, Pablo, iii, 585, 586
Pacheco, Romualdo, came with
Echeandia, iii, 251;-assembly,
88
Index
289;-hostile to Fr, Martinez,
292-293 ;-hostile to Fr. Bos-
cana, 305;-killed in skirmish,
364
Pacheco, Salvio, assembly, iii,
252, 323, 597;-iv, 285
Pachuca, administrator of Pious
Fund Estates, iv, 404
Pacific Coast, description of,
from Cape Mendocino to Si-
erra de Santa Lucia Mts., ii,
660-662
Pacomio, Indian rebel ban-
ished, iii, 204
Padilla, Macedonio, iv, 481
Padre, dame, "Father give me,"
iii, 480
Padres, Jose Maria, arrives, iii,
253;-evil genius against Mis-
sions, 316, 356-357 ;-view of
Robinson on, 346-347 ;-appar-
ently real author of secular-
ization scheme, 317, 353;-
leading spirit among young
paisanos, 349;-disloyal act,
358;-banished by Gov. Vic-
toria, 359, 504, Sll;-machina-
tions in Mexico, 501, 515, 520;
-leader in colonization swin-
dle, 504-512, 521, 534, 541;-
ment., 346, 348, 351-355, 361,
373, 379, 518, 594, 616;-iv, 17,
32
Padr6n, or register of neo-
phytes at each Mission, ii, 255
Pagan liberty, ii, 567
Paganism stubborn, ii, 21-22
Pagans east of mountains ob-
ject of friars* solicitude, iii,
263-264, see Zeal
Pagans of Rome respected
Vestal Virgins, iv, 799
Paisano calumnies begin early,
iii, 189, 366-373
Paisano chiefs vilify Fr. Peiri,
iii, 414;-disappointed, 483;-
condemn themselves, 510;-
secure themselves, 534;-sam-
ple effects of vile literature,
S64;-iv, unjust claim of being
Catholics, 12-13 ;-embarrassed,
15, 16;-threaten Figueroa,
109;-substitute work for re-
ligious exercises, 117;-rival-
ries, 268-269, 477-494 ;-insatia-
bly greedy, 286-287 ;-conspire
against Micheltorena, 325-
331 ;-harmonious against Mis-
sions, 328;-cause of Mission
ruin, 346, 502;-covet Mission
lands, 466;-disregard Indian
rights, 5()6;-not frequenters
of confessional, 783
Paisanos or native sons of
early days, iii, 247, 317;-hurt
by Fr. Martinez, 281;-in bat-
tle, 283-284 ;-poor Christians,
318-319 ;-devoid of gratitude,
319-320 ;-no teacher succeeded
in fifty years, 399;-iv, indo-
lence of, 106, 319;-ungrateful,
288;-poor Christians, 429, 783;
-yarns of, 426;-ment., 60iS
Paisanos, remarks about, iv,
167;-hijos del pais, 319, 512
Pajaro, origin of name, ii, 46
P4jaro River, ii, 48, 144;-its
source, 492
Pajaro Valley, ii, 45, 520
Pala, San Antonio de, asisten-
cia, iii, 48;-Fr. Pay^ras at,
143-144 ;-asistencia, iv, 107;-
farm at, 596;-men. 182-183,
642
Pale, or Sonquich, ii, 490-491,
493, 496
Pallium for Archbishop Ale-
many, iv, 710, 714
Palma, Yuma chief, ii, 139;-
honored by Anza, 175-176;-
accompanies Anza to Mexico,
189;-petitions for mission-
aries, 350;-rancheria, 192
Palmo, long measure, ii, 46, 203
Palmyra, Asia, iv, 289
Palo Alto (near Mission San
Buenaventura), iv, 510
Palo Colorado, redwood tim-
ber, ii, 46
Palomar, Anselmo, iv, 213
Palomar, Diego, guardian, re-
calls Fr. J. Reil, iv, 691;-
permits Fr. Riibio to stay in
California, 697-698 ;-ment.,
711-712
Palomares, Ignicio, iv, 310,
472
Palomires, Jos6, iii, 150, 157
Palou, Fr. Francisco and Jose
de Galvez, ii, 7;-on savages
at San Diego, 18;-on found-
ing of San Diego Mission,
19;-on failure to find Mon-
terey Bay, 55;-arrives at San
Index
89
Diego from Lower Cali-
fornia, 127;-assumes charge
in absence of Fr. Serra, 128;-
at Monterey and San Carlos,
129-130;-his desires, 130;-first
report, 137-138 ;-chaplain on
expedition, 141-143;-plants
Cross at San Francisquito,
142;-raises Cross on Point
Lobos, 143;-with another ex-
pedition, 165-166 ;--blesses San
Francisco presidio, 206;-
founds Mission San Fran-
cisco, 204, 206;-welcomes Fr.
Serra at Dolores, 220-221,
326, 399;-with Fr. Murguia
addresses Neve, 281-284;-to
Fages, 291-292;-on Neve, 301-
302;-on Fr. Serra's last days
at Santa Clara, 400;-assists
dying Fr. Serra, 401-402;-
presidente ad interim, 402;-
wants to retire, 402-404 ;-last
entry at Dolores, 404;-de-
parts for Mexico, 404;-elect-
ed guardian, 405, 424, 427,
443-444 ;-def ends Fr. Serra,
407;-match for all aggressors,
281-284, 405-408, 417-418, 424,
427-428, see vol. i;-death of,
452, 480-481 ;-writings, 404;-
on abuse of Pious Fund,
658-660;-ment., 61, 12, 140,
146, 178, 180, 202-205, 208, 221,
237, 239, 240, 246, 287, 318,
323, 351, 397-398, 467, 471,
487, 597;-iv, 805, 815;-auto-
graph, vol. i, 375
Fame language, Mexico, ii, 299
Pamo, ii, 490;-visited by Fr.
Payeras, iii, 143
Pampa Station, Cal., li,, 198
Panama, Isthmus of, ii, 245;-
iv, 612, 682, 689, 697, 714, 715,
718
Panegyric on the friars in Mex-
ican Congress, iii, 404-405
Panella, Fr. Jose, falsely ac-
cused of cruelty, ii, 508
Pangua, Fr. Francisco, guard-
ian, warns Fr. Serra against
politicians, ii, 145 ;-reelected
guardian, 326;-memorial to
viceroy, 358-361 ;-w rites to
Fr. Serra, 371-372;-forces
hands of De Croix and Neve,
372-375 ;-an Mission System,
381 ;-deserves well of Cali-
fornia, 382 ;-insists friars
must be free, 424;-regulations
for conduct of friars, 626-
631 ;-autograph, 382
Pangua, Fr. Tomas de, guard-
ian, on FF. Gill and Rubi,
ii, 479-489 ;-reelected, 597;-
ment., 519, 544-545, 600-602;-
autograph, 602
Pantoya y Arriaga, Juan, ii,
321, 370, 395
Papal Brief granting privilege
to confirm, ii, 308
Papal Brief on new feast of
Our Lady of Light, iv, 793
Papal Bulls, iv, 195-201, 303-
305, 799-802
Papal Bulls, Briefs, Decrees in
Spanish dominion, ii, 298-315,
603-607
Papal Indult for feast of St.
Michael, Archangel, ii, 222-
223
Papel de Holanda, ii, 62
Papel Suplicatorio, ii, 428
Para, Fr., quoted, iii, 25
Paraguay, iii, 137;-iv, 11, 433
Paraiso, Canada de, ii, 177
Paraje de Santiago, land grant,
iii, 646
Parasite officials, iv, 103, 145-
146
Pard, Robert, iv, 234
Pardon for deserting soldiers,
ii, 114-115, 130;-for Indian
rebels, iii, 205;-for chief pai-
sanos, 445
Paredes y Arrillaga, Mariano,
iv, 475, 481
Pared6n, Blanco, camp, iv, 564
Parent of Carranzista and Vil-
Hsta ideas, iv, 699
Parental control over neo-
phytes, iv, 316, see Loco
parentis
Parentis, In loco, ii, 119, see
Loco parentis. Missionaries,
Rights of Missionaries
Paris, France, iv, 622, 627
Parish church, Santa Barbara,
built by Franciscans, iv, 706-
707
Parish priest's obligations, iii,
429-430
Parishes, first Indian-white, in
California, iv, 295
90
Index
Parishes, curacies, parish
priests, curates, terms not to
be used by friars, iv, 43
Parochial schools, iv, 713
Parole broken by Flores, iv,
577-578 ;-by Manuel Castro,
Jose Pico, Andres Pico, 568,
572
Parras, Fr. Pedro Jose, author,
iii, 137, 138, 449-450
Parron, Fr. Fernando, chaplain
on San Carlos, ii, 9, 11, 12;-
first missionary of San Diego
with Fr. Serra, 18-20 ;-con-
valescing from scurvy, 60;-
welcomes ten religious, 85;-
retires to Lower California,
86, 89;-discreto at College,
361, 382
Parsimony of viceroyal govern-
ment towards Missions, ii,
5-6, 520, 526-527, 530, 538,
544.547, 654, 658, 660
Partiality in secularizing Mis-
sions, iii, 395-396
Participators in council, Mon-
terey, October 8th, 1822, iii,
152
Parties, political, in Spanish
Cortes, 1812, iii, 94-95
Paschal Season for annual
Communion, ii, 543
Pascua del Espiritu Santo, ii,
74;-Segundo dia de, ii, 68
Pase, or royal permit, ii, 298,
302, 303, 305-307, 309, 311-
313, 315, 455, 541, 605-607, see
Patronato
Pasion, Rancherias de la, ii, 193
Paso de Bucareli, ii, 160, see
Bucareli
Pasquinades on Pio Pico, iv,
472;-on Mexicans, 485
Pass, Gaviota, ii, 38
Pass, San Jacinto, ii, 136, 667
Passage from Atlantic to Pa-
cific, ii, 439
Passing of Mexican-Paisano
misrule, iv, 527
Passports demanded by FF.
Sanchez and Martinez, iii,
261-263 ;-by Fr. Peiri, 278;-
by Fr. Duran, iv, 158-159, 163
Pastoral letters of Fr. Sarria,
iii, 407;-of Bishop Diego, iv,
186, 202-203, 239-240, 259-260;
-of Fr. Riibio, 606-607, 608;-
of Bishop Alemany, 684;-of
Bishop Amat, 717-718
Pastoral plays, ii, 256
Patente empowering Fr. Serra
to confirm, ii, 310-313
Patentes, Libro de, iv, 302, see
Introduction vol. ii;-iii, 7, 85
Paterna, Fr. Antonio, arrives
with nine friars, ii, 84-85;-
assigned to San Gabriel, 85;-
persuades deserting soldiers
to return, 90;-at San Gabriel,
93;-vice-presidente, 128; -at
San Luis Obispo, 215;-first
missionary of Mission Santa
Barbara, 434;-ment., iv, 810,
812
Pathetic appeal of Fr. Guard-
ian B. Lopez to Mexican Gov-
ernment, iii, 208-211
Pathetic petition of Fr. Luis
Gil, iii, 129
Pathetic poverty, ii, 509-510;-
iv, 462
Patience of the neophytes, iv,
306
Patio of a Mission, ii, 559
Patriarch of Santa Barbara, iv,
51
Patriarchal life at Missions, ii,
256, 262, 263, 275, see Mis-
sions
Patriotism of friars, ii, 468, 646-
647;-iii, 58-62, see Donativo
Patriotism no quality of pai-
sano chiefs, iv, 475-476, 484-
486, 491-494
Patron, Antonio Jose, iii, 641-
643
Patronato, royal, ii, 302-304,
307, 381, 463, 670-674;-iv, 44
Patrons of California diocese,
iv, 259-261, 607;-of schools,
333;-of expeditions, ii, 6, 7,
24, 174
Pattie, James Ohio, iii, 283
Paty, John, iv, 330
Pauper's grave, Pio Pico in,
iv. 111
Payeras, Fr. Mariano, at San
Carlos, ii, 542;-to Bishop
Bernardo, ii, 643-645 ;-named
presidente, iii, 7;-zeal, 26-29,
142-143 ;-to Sola on runaways,
33-34 ;-vicario foraneo, 45;-
reappointed presidente, 53-54;
-circular on donativo, 20, 60,
Index
91
150-151 ;-elected comisario-
prefecto, 56, 84;-offers Mis-
sions to Bishop, 55, 100-101,
103;-protests against cholo
soldiers at Missions, 66;-
visits all Missions, 77 ;-praises
friars, 77-78 ;-communicates
accusations to friars, 87-88;-
solicitous for Fr. Senan, 89-
90;-beautiful circular, 101-103;
-offers Missions to Gov.
Sola, 101-103;-appeals to
viceroy against Sola, 112;-
dignified reply to Sola, 136;-
goes to savage country, 142-
145;-plants Cross near Santa
Isabel, 143 ;-accompanies Rev.
A. Fernandez to Russian fort,
154-1 57 ;-address at opening
of first assembly, 157;-to Em-
peror Iturbide, 158;-recom-
mends Fr. Fernando Martin,
614;-death of, 171-1 72 ;-ment.,
29, 31, 36, 64, 68, 124-125, 139,
145, 148, 149, 152, 154-156,
166, 173, 175, 178, 207, 235,
576, 633;-iv, 310, 522, 526,
815;-autograph, iii, 114
Paz, Port of la, ii, 8;-iii, 444-
445
Peace in territory, requisites
for, iii, 343
Peace and tranquility under
missionary rule, iv, 536-537
Peace, California at, announced
by Alvarado, iv, 67;-none till
U. S. flag waves, 493;-at last,
581;-treaty of, between U. S.
and Mexico, 629;-between
Mexico and France, 126
Pedagogues, modern, ii, 266
Pedernales, or San Juan Bau-
tista, ii, 38
Pedregoso, site of Santa Bar-
bara Mission, ii, 434
Pedrero, small cannon, ii, 157
Pedrito, son of Gov. Pages, ii,
394
Pedrorena, Miguel de, iv, 134,
226
Pedroza, Fr. Guadalupe, iv, 676
Peiri (Peyri), Fr. Antonio, first
missionary of San Luis Rey,
ii, 497;-iii, with Fr. Payeras
at Pala, 144;-on Estudillo's
- demand for supplies, 128;-
agrees to oath of independ-
ence, 149;-at the Echeandia
conference, 237;-swears alle-
giance to Mexican republic,
244, 269, 278;-allowed to stay
in California, 273;-demands
passport, 278;-vice-presidente,
307, 410;-lauded by Fr. Du-
ran, 411;-sent to Mexico by
Fr. Duran to report, 410-411,
451;-leaves with Gov. Vic-
toria, 412-414;-neophytes too
late to prevent, 414;-calum-
niated by Pio Pico, 414;-
praised by Forbes, 415;-suc-
ceeded by Fr. Anzar, 409;-
discreto at College, 465;-
penniless, 558;-iv, successful
at San Luis Rey, 148
Pena, Cosme, lawyer, iv, 124
Pena, Fr. Jose, chaplain on the
San Antonio, ii, 325
Pena, Fr. Tomas de la, arrives,
ii, 104;-consulted by Fr. Ser-
ra, 107;-chaplain on voyage
north, 145-153 ;-preaches at
sea, 147;-keeps diary, 153;-
at San Carlos, 175, 185;-at
founding of San Francisco
presidio, 206;-assigned to
Santa Clara, 21 5-216 ;-in dis-
tress, 387;-discreto of Col-
lege, 519, 529;-opinion on
Carmelite monastery for Cali-
fornia, 521-523 ;-to viceroy on
travelling expenses, 545-548;-
procurator for California
Missions, 579;-ment., 128, 129,
208, 2Q9, 455, 591;-iii, 650
Pena y Pena, Manuel, iv, 483-
484
Penance, Tribunal of, iv, 783;-
Sacrament of, iii, 263
Peneiro (Pineiro) Rev. Jose
Maria, iv, 627, 681, 687
Penitencia Creek, or Arroyo de
Encarnacion, ii, 95
Penniless friars, ii, 286
Pennsylvania, ii, 267
Peons, friars like, for sake of
Indians, ii, 282
Peons, Indians under M. Val-
lejo, iv, 155
People prevent Fr. Duran's ex-
ile, iv, 36-38 ;-weary of strife,
493-494; -resent Alvarado's
treatment of Fr. Duran, 787,
92
Index
789;-prevent Fr. Riibio's de-
parture, 712
Peralta, Most Rev. Alonso
Nunez dc Haro y. Arch-
bishop of Mexico confirms
first California Indian, ii, 108;
-viceroy, 444, 452
Peralta, Ignicio, iii, 646;-iv, 285
Peralta, Luis, ii, 613;-iii, 646
Peralta, Sebastian, iv, 311
Peregrino, The, iv, 84
Perez, Fr. Bernardino, arrives,
iii, 442;-assigned to Santa
Clara, 452;-investigates Val-
lejo's charges, 461 ;-secretary
to Fr. Diego, 599;-departs for
Mexico, 606;-iv, ment., 213,
668-670 ;-autograph, 669
Perez, Jose, ii, 492;-substitute
for assembly, iii, 503;-iv, 35
Perez, Fr. Jose Maria, discreto,
iv, 712, 722
Perez, Juan, capt. of the San
Antonio, ii, 10-16;-reports to
viceroy, 64;-takes San An-
tonio to Monterey, 65-68, 73-
74, 77 ;-sails for San Bias, 102;
-lands at San Die^o, 102;-
Monterey, 104;-driven to
Loreto by storm, 130;-in
command of the Santiago on
voyage of exploration north,
144-1 54 ;-death of, 166;-ment.,
83, 110, 160, 320, 437
Perez, Juan, mayordomo, iv,
183
Period, saddest, of the Mis-
sions, iii, 316
Perkins, Thomas, iv, 318
Permit to establish college and
novitiate at Santa Barbara,
iv, 701-702
Permit to retire required from
Superiors only, ii, 422-424
Perouse, Jean Francois Galaup
de la, at Monterey, ii, 435-
436;-remarks on Fr. Lasuen,
436;-on habitations of In-
dians, 229;-leaves first pota-
toes and handmill, 436, 638;-
what sort of Catholic, 439-
440, 676-679
Peru, ii, 321, 342, 405
Petaluma, iii, 147, 178;-iv, 272
Petaluma Creek, ii, 207, 625
Petaluma Indians, ii, 176, 182
Peter, St., Apostle, iv, 44, 46
Petithomme, Rev. Amable, iv,
690
Petition of Bishop Alemany for
Dominican and Franciscan,
novitiate, iv, 700;-of Bishop
Diego to Mexican President,
iv, 204-209 ;-of Envoy Mon-
toya for California Bishop,
190-192
Pew rent, receipt for, to Presi-
dent Andrew Jackson, fac
simile, iv, 792
Philadelphia, Pa., iv, 711
Philip II, King of Spain, ii,
672;-Philip V, ii, 517, 524
Philippine churches looted by
U. S. volunteers, iv, 582
Philippine Islands, ii, 150, 325,
367. 616;-iii, 302
Philippine ships, ii, 133, 324,
395, 436-437
Phrasemongers and muckrak-
ers, iv, 699, see Yarns, Tales
Physical characteristics of Cali-
fornia Indians, ii, 227-228, see
Indians
Physicians and surgeons, see
Anderson, Paba, Prat, Soler
Pico, Andres, at San Luis Rey,
iv, 182;-directed to arm the
militia, 326-327 ;-comisionado,
380, 381, 387, 388, 454, 459;-
breaks parole, 568;-comman(ls
at battle of San Pascuil, 573;
-surrenders to Fremont, 578;
-purchases lands of Mission
San Jos6, 507;-ment., 547,
558, 564, 571, 572, 574, 575,
727, 748-753
Pico, Antonio Maria, purchases
San Rafael Mission, iv, 507;-
ment., 124, 361, 472, 748, 751,
752, 754
Pico, Jose, iii, 63;-iv, violently
seizes Fr. Mercado, 326, 424-
425 ;-re veals motive, 423-424;
-shocking yarns, 426-427;-
typical liberalized paisano,
424, 426;-breaks parole, con-
demned to death, pardoned
by Fremont, 568
Pico, Jos6 Antonio, iii, 23, 126,
572;-purchases Mission San
Luis Rey, iv, 507
Pico, Maria Enstaquia, Pio
Pico's mother, iv, 464, 466
Index
93
Pico, Miguel, land grant, iii,
646
Pico, Patricio, land grant, iii,
646
Pico, liquor seller at San Luis
Obispo, iii, 233
Pico, Pio, first appearance, iii,
252;-veracity of, 254;-heads
revolt against Gov. Victoria,
361-364 ;-governor 20 days,
365-366 ;-address to Mexican
Government, 366-369;-his kind
of republicanism not relished,
370;-senior of assembly, 372;
-conspirator against Missions,
377^ 415;-slanders Fr. Peiri,
414;-pardoned, 467;~assembly,
502, 510, 530;-administrates
San Luis Rey) 534, 538;-
slanders friars, 559, 614, 658;-
catechism of, 61 3-614 ;-cattlc
slaughter, 656, 658;-ment.,
430, 478, 481, 570;-iv, admits
bad effects of secularization,
17-18, 308;-repudiates Alva-
rado, 60;-disgruntled, 66-67,
75;-prisoner at Sonoma, 75;-
protests against Monterey as
capital, 127;-misrule and des-
potism at San Luis Rey, 100,
148, 159-160, 179-182 ;-deserves
to be thrashed, Fr. Duran
declares, 182;-discharged by
Hartnell, 182, 435;-sponsor
at Confirmatilon, 228;-re-
markable contract, 315;-calls
assembly and has himself de-
clared governor and Michel-
torena deposed, 328;-procla-
mation, 335;-informs Bishop,
336; -provisional governor,
339, 375, 470-471 ;-determined
to wipe out Missions, 337-
342, 351-354, 366-367, 373-376,
380-384, 410-411, 430, 434, 438,
495-496 ;-tries to deceive Fr.
Duran, 340-341 ;-wants to
save appearances, 367-368;-
proclamation confiscating
Mission, 380;-remembers
friends, 388;-act of confisca-
tion, 373-375 ;-like Figueroa's,
375-376 ;-acknowledges right
of neophytes, 351;-insincer-
ity, 352-353, 385-387 ;-false
charges, 363-367 ;-in haste to
wipe out Missions, 433, 442-
443, 456-457, 501-502, 505;-
death of his mother, 464,
466;-appointed governor, 483-
484;-takes oath, 484;-Mexi-
can Government forbids
alienating Missions, 455;-
Pico ignores Montesdeoca
order, 456;-to Bishop on
death of Hijar, 389;-to Bish-
op on fee system, 401;-asks
prayers, 406;-after Pious
Fund, 407, 435-436 ;-rebuff
from Fr. Duran and Bishop
Diego, 437-442 ;-to Fr. Duran
on leases, 466-468 ;-nothing
more to deter him, 469;-is-
sues reglamento for sale of
Missions, 445-450, 462;-sells
Missions, 459;-trickery, 502-
503;-not guided by Christian
principles, 505-506; -accom-
plished his purpose, 508-509,
723;-unscrupulous, 367, 513;-
condemns his own past
course, 556;-informed of Bish-
op's death, 517-518 ;-assem-
bles his last legislature. 484-
485, 494-495 ;-versus Jose Cas-
tro, 470-486 ;-calls opposition
junta, 486-490;-in need re-
members clergy, 489;-moves
to crush Castro, 491;-at San-
ta Barbara, 497, 547;-calls for
soldiers, 556-557 ;-grants land
to McNamara, 550;-meels
Castro, both retreat south,
548, 557-558 ;-flees to Mexico,
559-560 ;-returns with absurd
aims, 632, 635;-Stevenson's
description of, 634;-ancestors,
634;-Mission sales annulled
by Flores assembly, 566, 769-
770;-declared null by U. S.
courts, 550, 724-725, 728, 743,
755-756, 760-771 ;-l and con-
firmed to him and Andres,
746;-barely escapes poor-
house, 49, lll;-in pauper's
grave, lll;-his "Documen-
tos," 366, 368, 382, 386;-ment.,
31, 53, 104, 112, 123, 124, 169,
170, 183, 184, 273, 284, 285,
287, 293, 332, 336, 410, 416,
472, 478, 481, 492-494, 527,
549, 554, 565, 582, 594, 637,
673, 752, 755-762, 764-766, 782,
816;-autograph, 510
94
Index
Pico, Santiago de la Cruz, mes-
tizo, grandfather of Pio, iv,
634
Picpus Fathers, C. SS. CC, iii,
651;-iv, invited by Fr. Rubio,
612, 622-624 ;-arrive, 613, 621,
625-627 ;-take charge of Santa
Ines seminary, 677;-open
school at Los Angeles, 677,
691;-school at Dolores, 716;-
ment, 685, 686, 690, 698, 719,
789-790
Picture of Blessed Virgin Mary
calms savages, ii, 91, 192
Pictures as means of teaching
divine truths, ii, 253
Piecework at Missions, ii, 560-
561
Pie de Loma, ii, 177
Pieras, Fr. Miguel, arrives, ii,
84-85 ;-assigned, 85, 87-88;-at
San Carlos, 103-104 ;-at San
Antonio, 129;-at San Carlos,
171, 179;-at San Antonio, 182,
185, 215
Pierce, Franklin, President
United States, iv, 732
Pilar, El, land grant, iii, 646
Pilar, Nuestra Senora del, or
Pinto Lake, ii, 47;-Rincon, ii,
128;-Cucamonga, iii, 39;-Pa-
troness of expedition, iii, 38
Pill, bitter, for paisano chiefs,
iv, 287
Pillory as penalty, ii, 276
Pimas, San Jose de los. Mis-
sion in Sonora, ii, 174
Pimeria Alta y Baja, iii, 376
Pina, Lazaro, iii, 300;-iv, 65
Pino, Miguel del, ii, 74, 11, 102
Pino, Vicente, iii, 256
Pinole, corn meal, ii, 128, 233
Piiiones, Los, camp, ii, 40
Pinos, Point, ii, 41, see Point
Pinto, Jose Manuel, iv, 311
Pinto, or Amesti, Lake, ii, 47
Pious Fund, revenues, ii, 124;-
contribution from for Mis-
sions, 247, 279, 284, 289, 291;-
unlawfully employed, 5, 124,
655-660 ;-ment., 84, 121, 163,
219, 331, 332, 372, 380, 461,'
493, 522-523, 525, 530, 544,
578;-iii, misused, 47, 54, 506,
521, 561 ;-discussed in con-
gress, 403-406 ;-ordered rented
for Missions, 406;-some sti-
' pends paid from, 248-249, 267;-
why so little, 561 ;-not touched
by College, 249;-ment., 28,
54, 55, 70, 73, 125, 209, 210,
257, 313, 323, 394, 396, 506,
560, 562, 647, 650;-iv, sur-
rendered to Bishop Diego,
90-91, 187, 192, 203-204, 403-
404;-correspondence on, 254-
255, 401-406;-in charge of
Ramirez, 224, 242;-stipends
from to 1840, 219-220 ;-amount
collected from, 245, 405, 669;-
sacred to Missions, 439, 441;-
confiscated by Santa Anna,
243-245, 438;-restored to
Bishop, 441-442 ;-claimed by
paisano chiefs, 293-295 ;-Pico
after it, 437;-assembly de-
cree, 434;-refused, 187, 441-
442;-last Mexican legislation
on, 356;-Archbishop Alemany
resolves to recover Fund,
695;-decision of arbiter, 695;-
ment., 171, 208-209, 240, 254,
255, 410, 693, 694, see volume
i, 595-599
Pitiable condition of freed In-
dians at Los Angeles and
San Gabriel, iv, 648-649
Pitique, Sonora, ii, 190
Pittance assigned for Divine
Worship, iii, 578, 580;-iv, re-
ceived by Fr. Jose Jimeno,
465, see Maximum and Mini-
mum allowance
Pittance begrudged the friars,
see Friars, Missionaries, Neve
Pitt River massacre, iv, 653
Pittsburg, Pa., iv, 696
Pity of friars for Indians, iv,
104-105, 118-120
Pius, Pope, VI, ii, 222, 392,
454;-iv, 45;-Pius VII, iii, 278,
622!-Pius VIII, elected, iii,
278;-Pius IX, iv, 666, 700-
701, 717, 720-721 ;-Pius X, iii,
180,
Pizcache, rancheria, ii, 623
Plan to annoy friars. Neve's,
ii, 336-340 ;-of Fr. Duran to
leave with friars, iii, 410;-of
Hi jar-Padres foiled^ 507-508;-
de San Luis Potosi, iv, 481;-
of Bandini, 497-501
Plan de Iguala, iii, 108, 148,
153, 217
Index
95
Plan of San Francisco presidio,
ii, 205
Plaza church, Los Angeles, iii,
632;-iv, 484, 719
Pleading, eloquent, ii, 281-284;-
iii, 403-406
Pleasant surprise to friars, iv,
599
Plenary Council of Baltimore,
First, iv, 693, 697, 732
Pliego, Rodrigo del, iii, 303,
333, 364
Ploughing in early days, ii,
258-259
Plundering Pious Fund Es-
tates, iv, 244-245
Plunder, rule of, iv, 131-135
Plunder schema, iii, 508-509
Pocahontas, The, iii, 365, 411
Point Abastos or San Pedro,
ii, 625;-Angel Custodio, 51,
53;-Ano Nuevo, 41, 48, 73,
320;-iii, 646;-Breakers, or
San Esteban, ii, 152;-Con-
cepcion, 39, 65;-Cypress, 41;-
Huchunes, or San Pablo, 625;
-Lobos, 143, 165, 180;-Pinole,
'Or San Andres, 625;-Pinos,
41, 53, 54, 57-58, 71, 73, 661-
662;-Reyes, 50, 51, 73, 96-98,
153 165, 205, 661;-San Pablo,
iii, 156;-San Pedro, ii, 49, 51,
165;-iii, 146, 156, .646;-Santa
Clara, or Woody Point, ii,
152;-Santa Margarita, or
Cape North, 148-149, 151
Police, Indian, recommended at
reservations, iv, 642
Police regulations at Missions,
ii, 265, 275-277,
Policy of conciliation on part
of U. S. officials, iv, 596-598
Politeness of friars, iii, 212, see
Courtesy
Political changes, ii, 451-452;-
iii, 251-254, see Provincias In-
ternas
Political doctors, Fr. Duran for
once agrees with, iv, 463;-
iii, dogma, 564;-organization
of California in 1839, iv, 123;
-parties in Spanish Cortes of
1812, iii, 94-95 ;^reasons for
keeping neophytes at Mis-
sions, ii, 264-265, see Run-
aways ;-suicide by Pio Pico,
iv, 470, 636
Politicians and courtiers un-
scrupulous, ii, 145, 285, 351;-
iii, 320, 564-565 ;-selfish, ii, 6,
530, see Neve, Echeandia, the
paisano chiefs ;-arrogant, see
Neve;-iv, 30, 418-421, 664, see
Mexican governors, save Vic-
toria and Micheltorena, gen-
erally
Politicians in charge of Pious
Fund, ii, 284, see Pious Fund
Politics no duty of clergy, gen-
erally, iii, 330;-iv, 489-490
Polk, James Knox, President
U. S., pardons Fremont, iv,
580;-ment., 428
Polygamy among savages, ii,
239
Pomp desired by Mexicans, iv,
400
Poniatowski, Prince, iii, 209
Pontifical Briefs, see Papal
Bulls
Poor to the last, the friars, iii,
567;-iv, 175-177, 462-463
Poorhouse, Pio Pico barely
escapes, iv, 49, 111
Poor Souls' Bell, ii, 559;-iii, 279
Poor Souls, collection for, ac-
cording to Alvarado, iv, 790-
791
Popa, Maria, iv, 415-416
Pope Adrian VI, iv, 304;-Alex-
ander VI, ii, 460, 670-671;-
Benedict XIV, ii, 297;-Calix-
tus II, iii, 621 ;-Clement XIII,
ii, 67 ;-Clement XIV, ii, 67,
298;-Eugene III, iii, 621;-
Gelasius II, iii, 621;-Inno-
cent XI, ii, 605;-Julius II,
460, 671;-Leo X, iv, 303, 304,
799-802;-Leo XII, iii, 278;-
Paschal II, iii, 621;-Paul III,
iv, 304;-Pius VI, 222, 392,
454;-Pius VII, iii, 278, 622;-
Pius VIII, 278;-Pius IX, iv,
666, 700-701, 717, 720-721;-
Pius X, iii, 180;-Sixtus • IV,
iii, 625;-Urban II, iii, 621
Pope, authority of the, in Span-
ish dominions, ii, 460, 670-
674
Poppy, California, or Esch-
scholtzia, iii, 82
Populacho, people of Monterey
presidio so termed by Fr.
Font, ii, 183
96
Index
Population of California, in
1851, iv, 686
Population, Catholic, in Cali-
fornia, in 1851, iv, 686
Population, Indian, of Cali-
fornia, in 1842, iv, 322
Porciuncula, ii, 31, see Our
Lady of Angels
Porciuncula, Rio de, see Rio
Porpoise, The, iv, 318
Portezuelo, El, iii, 155
Portezuelo de la Concepcion
Purisima, or Fort Yuma,
Cal., ii, 189, 491
Port of Monterey discovered,
ii, 3;-expedition in search of,
4-40;-found, but not recog-
nized, 41-44;-map of, 42;-
again reached, not recog-
nized, 54-58 ;-believed filled
up, 63;-second expedition for,
71 ;-recognized, 73; -Mis si on
started at, 74-75 ;-presidio
founded, • /8;-Corpus Christi
at, 78-79, 85;-rejoicing in
Mexico, 79;-Mission moved
from, 81, 83, see Monterey
Port of La Paz, ii, 8, see La
Paz
Port of Trinidad, ii, 155
Port of San Diego discovered,
ii, 3;-named, 7, ll;-vessels
wait, 10;-latitude, 12;-land
expeditions arrive, 14-15 ;-Fr.
S'erra founds Mission, 18-19;
-Indian attack, 20-21 ;-ment.,
21, 64, 65, 68, 85, 86, 89, 127,
131, 133, 210, 219, 300, 310,
320, 322, see San Diego, Mis-
sion San Diego
Port of San Bias saved by Fr,
Serra for California, ii, 109,
115, 116, 121;-cost to main-
tain, 122-123 ;-Fr. Serra re-
turns from, 126;-ment., 16,
80, 83, 112, 113, 118, 124, see
San Bias
Port of San Francisco (Old,
or Drake's Bay) sought, ii,
7;-discovered, 49-51, 55, 81,
83, 96, 97, 99, 133, 140, 143,
153, 161-165, 171-172, 175, 179,
see Drake's Bay
Port of San Francisco, ("Arm
of the Sea," or inner bay),
discovered, ii, 51-52, 181, 182;
-description by Anza, 189;-
presidio planned at, 201 ;-
erected and dedicated, 207-
208, 220, 281, see San Fran-
cisco, Mission San Francisco
Portilla, Pablo de la, arrives
with cholos, ii, 62;-at coun-
cil, Monterey, 148;-heads ex-
pedition, 205;-joins revolters,
362-364 ;-comisionado of San
Luis Rey, 483-484, 535-538;-
ment., 479, 539, 540;-iv, 308
Portilla, Silvestre, iv, 308
Portola, Caspar de, military
commander, arrives in Lower
California, ii, 3;-at San Di-
ego, 16-17 ;-leads expedition
to Monterey Bay, 18;-difficul-
ties encountered, 22-66 ;-sec-
ond expedition, 71-77;-his
despatches to viceroy, 79;-
departs for Mexico, 80;-re-
warded, 80;-his route to San
Francisco Bay, 663-666 ;-ment.,
87, 95, 141, 143, 183, 354, 659;
-iv, 81 5-816 ;-autograph, ii, 11
Portugal, its usurpers, ii, 285;-
iii, 318;-iv, 590, 779
Portsmouth, The, iv, 267, 551,
554, 563
Posa (Poza?) Creek, or Rio de
Santiago, ii, 199
Posada y Garduiio, Most Rev.
Manuel, iv, 199, 202, 212, 521;
-autograph, 211
Posada, Ramon de, ii, 443, 544
Positions for henchmen, iv, 152
Postage costly, ii, 410-411;-
viceroy's decision, ii, 602;-
later friars pay, iii, 208
Postal revenues in California,
ii, 591-592
Potabo, Indian, ii, 507
Potatoes first brought to Cali-
fornia, ii, 436
Poverty of Bishop Diego, iv,
442, 519;-of diocese, 394-395;
-of the churches after con-
fiscation, 216-217 ;-of the fri-
ars, ii, 127-128, 282, 410, 465-
468, 510, 527-528, 647-648 ;-Fr.
Sarria insists on, iii, 46-47;-
observed, 630;-emphasized to
the last, iv, 383, 462-463 ;-of
the Missions, iii, 129, 247,
394, 459-460
Power, no, except from God,
iv, 385
Index
97
Powers of assembly, iv, 769;-
of governor, 768
Powhattan, The, iv, 717
Poza de San Antonio, ii, 492;-
de Santa Salomea, 492
Pozas, Las, or Vahca, ii, 495
Pozo de Carrizal, ii, 176;-de
Santa Rosa, 176
Pozole, kind of soup, ii, 254,
554, 567
Pozolera, community kitchen,
ii, 559, 573
Pozos de San Casimiro, ii, 194;
-de San Juan de Dios, 194
Praise, deserved, for Fr. Peiri,
iii, 411
Prat, Dr. Pedro, on first sea
expedition, ii, 9-ll;-devotion
to sick, 14-16, 18, 21, 22;-
himself ill, 60;-goes to Mon-
terey, 65 ;-receives supply of
medicines, 83;-death of, 114,
118
Prayer of Moses, ii, 468
Prayer opens constitutional
convention at Monterey, iv,
659
Prayers at Missions, see Rou-
tine, Religious Exercises,
Missions
Prayers, public, asked for suc-
cess of Spanish arms, ii,
391, 464-465, 468, 539, 646;-by
Mexican Government, iii,
149;-iv, 406.
Preachers, Friars, or Domini-
cans, iv, 620, see Dominicans
Preaching on board ship, ii,
147, 152, 155;-at Port Santi-
ago, 322;-during Anza*s ex-
pedition, 176-178 ;-in language
of natives, iii, 607-611
Precious document from Fr.
Duran, iv, 21-29
Prefecto, see Comisario-Pre-
fecto
Prefects and subprefects, iv,
124, 390
Prefectures, iv, 123
Prelates at First Plenary Coun-
cil of Baltimore, iv, 693
Presbyterian church, Washing-
ton, D. C., iv, 792-793
Presentation Sisters, first, ar-
rive at San Francisco, iv, 714
President of Mexico in dilem-
ma, iv, 484
Presidente, Fr., title of Su-
perior of California Missions;
-power of, iii, 4;-term of of-
fice, 7;-also vicario foraneo,
iv, 79;-of the Fernandinos,
iv, 79, 525;-in capite, ii, 452,
524;-of Zacatecans, see Zaca-
tecans
President Polk's conciliatory
policy, iv, 598, 601
Presidio Hill, Monterey, Cross
planted in 1769, ii, 58
Presidio of Monterey, person-
el, ii, 122;-cost of, 122;-Anza
at, 178;-ment., 94, 183, 542;-
donativo from, ii, 390;-desti-
tution, iii, 18-20 ;-sacked, 59-
61 ;-contributions to from
Missions, 59-60, 69, 117, 123-
124, see Contributions, Sup-
plies, Drafts, Donativo, Mon-
terey
Presidio of San Diego, person-
el, ii, 122;-donativo from, 390;
-ment., 169, 542;-iii, 124, 150,
224, 397, 556, see San Diego,
Drafts, Supplies, Donativo
Presidio of San Francisco,
founded, ii, 204-206 ;-descrip-
tion, 205;-lack of food, 325;-
donativo from, 390;-school
at, 474;-ment., 215, 221, 465,
467;-iii, 124, 147, 460, 531, see
San Francisco, Drafts, Sup-
plies, Soldiers
Presidio (Pueblo) of Santa
Barbara, site, ii, 35, 227;-es-
tablished, 369;-donativo, 390;
-force at, 451;-attended from
Mission, 466-467 ;-Vancouver
at, 470;-school, 474;-excesses,
563;-ment., 382, 542;-iii,
drunkenness, 132-133 ;-a bau-
dry, 229;-Gov. Victoria, 347;
-Fr. Uria dies, 466;-Vallejo,
486;-ment., 33, 37; 59, 62, 160,
332, 397, 531, 646;-iv, Chico,
3, 5;-conservative, 20;-revolt
against exile of Fr. Duran,
36-38 ;-Bishop received, 228,
230-234 ;-Simpson on town,
234-235 ;-school, 332, 334;-Hi-
jar, commissioner, 388-389;-
partido, 390;-Pio Pico, 477,
491, 547. 760;-U. S. flag
raised, 558, 568;-Sisters of
Charity, 697;-ment., 130, 401,
98
Index
481, 487, 727, see Drafts,
Troops, Supplies, Echeandia,
De la Guerra, Fremont,
Stockton, Fr. Duran, Fr. Ru-
bio. Bishop Diego
Presidio storekeepers, or habil-
itados, unjust,- ii, 427
Presidios, missionaries have no
obligation in justice to at-
tend, ii, 420, 427
Presidios, population of, in,
1790, ii, 450-451
Presidios, condition of, in, 1793,
ii, 465
Press, licentious, iii, 564
Prestamero, Fr. Juan, arrives,
ii, 127;-supernumerary, 129;-
retires ill, 132
Pretext for military idleness,
ii, 470;-for seizure of Fr.
Martinez, iii, 286;-sought and
found, iv, 351-352
Preuss, Arthur, editor Catholic
Fortnightly Review, ii, 673
Prevenciones Provisionales of
Figueroa, iii, 473-476 ;-Fr. Du-
ran's views, 480-481 ;-attitude
of missionaries, 542
Price, John, iv, 643
Price of products prescribed by
governor, ii, 421-422, 515, 574-
576
Price-list of Neve, ii, 674-675
Price of produce in 1816, iii,
82;-in 1823, 168, 185-186;-ac-
cording to Forbes, 637
Price obtained for Missions
sold, iv, 507-508
Priest, first secular, in Upper
California, ii, 320
Priest imprisoned in Mexico
for displeasing officials, iv,
784, see also 794-799
Priest at San Diego complains
about U. S. troops, iv, 589
Priesthood, vocation for, iii,
343
Priestly revenge, iii, 293-294
Priest's worst humiliation, ii,
315
Priests, dearth of, iii, 52, 290;-
not appreciated coming with
soldiers, 205-206 ;-number at
arrival of Bishop, 237-238;-
un worthy treatment of, 292-
294, 532, 534;-whites negli-
gent in support of, 394-395;-
iv, first ordained in Califor-
nia, 257-258 ;-dearth of, 391,
409, 520, 612-613, 618;-not
properly treated, 248-250, 392-
395, 684-685, 687;-overbur-
dened, 391-394;-living in pri-
vate houses, 393, 687;-en-
titled to support, 248-250, 395,
791-793 ;-secular, 324, 372,
685-686 ;-appointed tithe col-
lectors, 256-257 ;-foreign ad-
mitted by Santa Anna, 284;-
in secularized Missions at
mercy of purchasers, 510-
514;-priests put in charge of
Mission property, 583-587,
723; cannot sell land, 587-
588 ;-courteously treated by
U. S. officials, 586-605 ;-treat-
ment under Mexican and
American rule compared, 595-
596;-eliminated by paisanos,
desired by Americans, 645-
646;-volunteers arrive, 612-
616, 71 5-716 ;-number at ar-
rival of Bishop Alemany,
685-686 ;-ordained by Arch-
bishop Alemany, 696, 716;-
ordained by Bishop Amat,
718-719
Prieto, Vicente, iii, 516
Primary schools, see Schools
Prince de Asturias, ii, 339, 646
Prince of Wales's Archipelago,
ii, 160
Prince William's Sound, ii, 322,
437-438
Princesa, The, ii, 161, 305, 321-
325, 370, 435, 437, 438, 470,
617;-iii, 16, 261
Princess Royal, The, ii, 438
Principe, El. ii, 8, 65, 77, 216,
see The San Antonio
Principio River, El, see Rio
Principles of Mission despoil-
ers, iv, 783
Private property, the Mission
lands, iv, 286;-lands of neo-
phytes, according to Figuer-
oa, 377
Privilege, franking, for mis-
sionaries, ii, 408-410 ;-abro-
gated, iii, 208
Privileges of the Bula Cruzada,
iii, 620-622 ;-forf cited, 160
Probation before Baptism, ii,
500
Index
99
Proceeds from Mission sales
squandered, iv, 504;-from
rentals, 465-467
Processions at Missions, ii, 253,
627;-at Dolores, 322;-at Port
Santiago, 322
Procession, Corpus Christi, at
Los Angeles, iv, 280-281, s€e
Corpus Christi
Proclamation of Arrillaga, on
forest fires, ii, 564
Proclamation, or Bando, Ech-
eandias, iii, 347-348 ;-by Chico,
iv, 4;-of rump legislature, 54-
55;-by Alvarado, 73;-by San-
ta Anna admitting Jesuits,
282-283 ;-by Pico alienating
Missions, 445;-by leader of
Bear Flag men, 544-545 ;-by
Commodore Sloat, 552, 554;-
by Pico calling for soldiers,
556-557;-by Commodore
Stockton, 562;-by Commo-
dore Shubrick and General
Kearny, 579;-by General
Kearny on Mission property,
583, 723;-by Gov. Mason on
Treaty of Peace, 630-632;-
by Gov. Mason on selling
liquor to Indians, 641 ;-by
Gov. Mason on Indian wel-
fare, 645-646 ;-by Gov. Riley
on Thanksgiving, 661-662
Procurator for Missions elected
by College, ii, 626;-duty of,
591, 629;-iii, 209, 247-249
Products, staple, of Missions,
ii, 258, see Price list
Profession, religious, of St.
Francis, when made, ii, 68;-
of Rev. Langlois, iv, 692
Progress, spiritual, of Missions,
ii, 580-581 ;-iv, 527-530 ;-mate-
rial, 531-537
Prohibited works, iii, 170, 543-
544;_iv, 777-782
Project, foolish, of Viceroy
Branciforte, ii, 521-523
Promise of St. Francis, iii, 103
Prominent paisanos hostile to
Bishop Diego, iv, 520
Pronunciamento of rebels
against Gov. Victoria, iii,
362-363
Pronunciation of Spanish let-
ters, vol. i, page vi;-of Span-
ish names, ii, page vi
Propagation of the Faith, Sa-
cred Congregation of, ii, 616;
-iv, 711
Propaganda College, Rome, iv,
716
Property of Church declared
national booty, iv, 317, 730,
795
Property of Church in Mis-
sions, iii, 638;-iv, 48, 338,
727-728, 730, 736-745
Property of Church at Mis-
sions, Kearny's proclamation,
iv, 723;-Court decisions, 746-
771
Property of Missions not
claimed by friars, iii, 410,
549, 556-557
Property of Missions destroyed,
iii, 656, 658, 660-662
Property rights of Indians
acknowledged by Pico, iv,
341;-not public property, 26-
27;-private property, says
Figueroa, 377, see Figueroa
Propios, or lands rented out,
iii, 475 ,
Proposition, inconsiderate, ii,
524-525, 531-532, see Neve on
one missionary at a Mission
Proselytism in U. S. Govern-
ment schools, ii, 267
Prosperity at Missions due to
Indian labor, ii, 513;-under
the friars, iv, 438-439, 532
Protest of Fr. Sanchez to land
grant, iii, 645;-of Fr. Moreno,
iv, 364;-of Fr. Duran, 288-
293, 351
Protestant commonwealth, iii,
317;-marriages, iv, 600-601;-
preachers in Sandwich Is-
lands, iii, 478, 482, 651, 652
Protestantes, Los, treat In-
dians and priests well, iv, 596
Proto-martyr of California, ii^
169-170
Proverb, Spanish, ii, 102
Provincias Internas, ii, 292-293,
303, 316, 371, 375, 457
Providence Mts., ii, 194
Provocation for Mexican re-
volt in 1810, ii, 649
Proxy, marriage by, iv, 125
Prudentes sicut serpentes, etc.,
ii, 339
lOO
Index
Prudon, Victor, iii, 594;-iv, 34,
250, 269, 481, 542
Public prayers asked, see Pray-
ers
Puebla, Mexico, ii, 80;-iv, 518
Puebla (Tlaxcala), iv, 793
Pueblo de los Angeles founded,
ii, 366-367 ;-ment., 450-451,
511, 675, see Los Angeles
Pueblo de San Jose de Guada-
lupe founded, ii, 222;-school.
at, 473-474 ;-ment., 367, 387,
394, 426, 511, 520, 542, 675;-
objects to exile of friars, iii,
274-275 ;-ment., 49, 133, 150,
224, 279, 305, 354, 397, 531,
611;-headquarters of paisano
rebels, iv, 326, 422-424 ;-m en t.,
296, 311, 313, 327, 391, 394,
401, 412, 426, 427, 481, 583,
597, 627, 643, 689, 710, 724
Pueblo Missions on the Colo-
rado, ii, 352-353
Pueblo of San Juan Capistrano,
iv, 184-185
Pueblo Indians of New Mexico,
ii, 260
Pueblos or towns, regulations
for, ii, 329-330 ;- prescribed
distance from Indian Mis-
sions, 515-516
Pueblos, Dos, ii, 37
Pueblos or freed and independ-
ent Indian settlements, iii,
638
Puelles, Fr. Jose Maria, iv, 213
Puentes, or Arroyo de San Lu-
cas, ii, 48
Puerta de la Concepcion, Fort
Yuma, Cal., ii, 352
Puerto de la SS. Trinidad, ii,
155
Puerto de la Anunciacion, ii,
206;-de San Carlos, ii, 136,
176, 666-667 ;-de Guadalupe,
ii, l59;-de Nuestra-Seiiora de
los Remedios, 159
Pujol, Fr. Francisco, poisoned,
iii, ll-12;-autograph, iii, 11
Pulgas, Las, ii, 49, 229
Punishments or penalties at
Missions like those by par-
ent, ii, 277 ;-adapted to cul-
prit and gravity, 265, 275-276;
-ment., 568-569, 572-574, 628,
636;-iii, 14, 113, see Flogging
Punishments or penalties in
white communities, ii, 275-276
Punishment overtakes persecu-
tors, iv, 49, 111
Punta del Angel Custodio, ii,
49;-del Ano Nuevo, 41, 48, 58,
73, 661;-de la Concepcion, 38,
57;-de Martires, 158;-de Fi-
nos, 41, 54, 57, 70, 73. 661-662;
-de los Reyes, 50, 51 57, 58,
7Z, 661
Pupils in college at Santa Ines,
iv, 412
Purisima Concepci6n Mission,
Lower California, ii, 16
Purisima Concepcion Mission,
see Mission Purisima
Purisima Concepcion Pueblo,
ii, 352, 354
Puritans, cruelties of, iii, 455,
627;-fanaticism of, iv, 590
Purpose of Missions in mind
of Spanish politicians, ii, 83-
84;-in mind of missionaries,
see Messengers of Gospel
Purpose, apparent of Gov.
Neve, ii, 287
Purpose of Pious Fund, ii, 291,
see Pious Fund
Puzzled explorers, ii, 41-44
Q
Quakers persecuted by Puri-
tans, iii, 627
Qualifications of missionaries,
ii, 245-246, 475-476 ;-see Mis-
sionaries, Messengers of Gos-
pel
Quarrel reveals truth at San
Francisco, iii, 591
Q. B. L. M., meaning, iii, 337
Queen Charlotte's Island, ii,
148, 321
Queen Isabella, ii, 670
Queen Jane of Castile, ii, 671
Queer juxtaposition, ii, 463, see
Ambas Majestades
Queretaro, Mexico, ii, 108, 171,
174, 191, 200, 246, 298, 371,
392, 404, 477, 478, 551;-iv, 296
Queretaro College, see Santa
Cruz College
Queretaro diocese, iv, 793
Questions, fifteen, on manage-
ment of Missions, ii, 551-582
Quevedo, Rt. Rev. Juan de,
Inde^
1 01
Memorial on Indians, ii, 245
Quibbling stopped, ii, 312
Quickest trip on record in Cali-
fornia, iii, 507
Quijas, Fr. Jose Lorenzo de la
Concepcion, arrives, iii, 442;-
assigned to Mission Dolores,
452;-examines charges, 461;-
exposes situation at Solano,
581-589 ;-ref uses to live at
Solano, 590-591 ;-iv, vice-
comisario, 297-305 ;-dispute
with Bishop, 298-305 ;-departs,
302;-ment., 128, 151, 237;-
autograph, iii, 586
Quijote, Don, (M. Vallejo), iii,
593;-iv, 781
Quijotean feat, ii, 654
Quimper, Manuel, ii, 438
Quinn, Rev. John, ordained
priest at San Francisco, iv,
696
Quintana, Fr. Andres, mur-
dered, iii, 12, 25;-<slandered,
12; -exonerated, 13-16 ;-auto-
graph, iii, 15
Quintana, Isidro Fernindez y,
ii, 311
Quinones, or Most Rev. Fr,
Francisco de los Angeles, iv,
303
Quirico, Indian, iii, 13
Quiros, Fernando, captain of
the San Antonio, ii, 161;-of
San Carlos, 202, 205;-at
founding of Dolores, 206;-
explorations, 207;-at opening
of Dolores, 208;-ment., 321,
323
Quiuamine, rancheria, iii, 23
R
Rabago y Bojo, Fernando, ii,
643
Rada de Bucareli, ii, 157
Radical change through discov-
ery of gold, iv, 609-610
Radical difference between
Catholic religious and Free-
thinkers, iii, 616-620
Rafael, Indian interpreter, iii,
145-146
Rage of Mission enemies, iii,
485;-of Padres and confeder-
ates, 358;-of Neve, ii, 313-314
Raho, Rev. Bias, C. M., iv,
718-720
Raimundo, Indian, ii, 503, 506,
507
Rains relieve from scurvy, ii,
48
Ramirez, Angel, apostate monk,
iii, 506, 512-513, 572;-iv, 58
Ramirez, Fr. Francisco, dis-
creto, iv, 712
Ramirez de Arellano, Fr. Ig-
nacio, O. P., in Lower Cali-
fornia, iv, 515;-iv, arrives at
Monterey, 604;-strange ac-
tion, 603;-rebuked, 604;-tithe
collector. 622;-opens conven-
tion with prayer, 659;-at
Monterey, 685, 687, 690;-re-
called to Mexico, 692
Ramirez, Jose Maria, iii, 185,
362, 484;-iv, 30
Ramirez, Juan, iv, 35
Ramirez, Pedro, attorney for
Bishop Diego, iv, 203-204, 220,
224, 244-247, 255 ;-autograph,
iv, 204
Ramos de Lora, Fr. Juan de,
ii, 68
Rancheria, meaning, ii, 229
Rancheria de la Concepci6n,
ii, 38;-de la Pasion, 193;-de
los Rios, 680
Rancho Nacional, San Pedro,
or Salinas, or del Rey, iii,
59, 154, 285, 554
Rancho del Refugio sacked,
iii, 59;-ment., 60, 646
Rancho de San Bernardo, iv,
309;-del Ojito, 727;-de San
Francisdo, 148;-de San Luis,
ii, 490;-de San Mateo, iv,
154;-de San Simeon, 151
Ranchos, some, equal to whole
Missions, iii, 191-192, 386, 645-
646, see Andres and Pio Pico
Randolph, Edmund, on Indian
property, iv, 377
Rations meagre for expedition,
ii, 53, 59
Rations for missionaries, ii,
124;-estimated cost, 280;-
double, granted, 124, 279-280,
282, 297;-object of, ibidem ;-
paid from Pious Fund, 124,
279, 284, 291 ;-Neve begrudges
same, 280-294 :-Fr. Serra's ex-
I02
Index
haustive statement, 288;-
ment., 372
Rat plague at San Gabriel and
San Diego, ii, 182
Reading, writing, and singing
at Missions, ii, 273
Reading infidel productions, ef-
fects of, iii, 543-544 ;-iv, 775-
791, 794-799
Read Ranch, iv, 178
Real, equivalent in English, ii,
124, 528
Real, Fr. Antonio Suarez del,
arrives, iii, 442;-assigned to
Santa Cruz, 452;-iv, reports
from, 261;-appeals to Fr.
Quijas, 297-298 ;-at Monterey,
391 ;-complaint to ajruntami-
ento, 292-293 ;-favors arancel,
401 ;-retires, 410;-farewell to
Pico, 411;-ment., 187, 237, 294,
400, 806;-autograph, iv, 393
Real, Fr. Jose Suarez del, ar-
rives, iii, 442;-at San Carlos,
S34;-assists dying Gov. Fig-
ueroa, 599;-iv, on Graham's
plan, 128;-welcomes Bishop
at Monterey, 264;-arraigns
territorial government, 358-
359;-protest to Pico's charges,
358-361 ;-on two irregular
marriages, 415;-transferred to
Santa Clara, 391, 394;-aided
by Gov. Mason, 583-587 ;-pro-
tests Burton's action, 597,
599;-incurs paisano wrath,
588;-last Franciscan at Santa
Clara, 691;-ment., 237, 416,
422. 423. 515. 685. 723, 724,
748, 749, 752-754;-autograph,
iv, 361
Real del Alamo, ii, 41;- de las
Viboras, 38
Real motive of carping critics,
ii, 263;-for hostility to friars,
iii, 239
Real object of legislation hos-
tile to Missions, iii, 521
Reaping what was sown, iv,
648, 713-714
Reasons for confiscation of
Missions, see Greed, Pio
Pico;-for confiscating last
two, iv, 93-96 ;-f or Echean-
dia's haste against Missions,
iii, 351-352;-why friars sub-
mitted to freebooters, iv, 92-
93;-why some friars were not
exiled, iii, 273;-why friars
wanted relief from Mission
temporalities, iii, 553, 556-
557;-for franking privilege,
see Postage, Mail;-why Fr.
Sarria and others refused
oath, iii, 21 7-218 ;-f or return-
ing runaway neophytes, iv,
310, see Runaways
Rebaptism by mistake, ii, 554
Rebellion at Purisima, Santa
Ines. Santa Barbara, iii, 194-
206
Rebuelta, Fr. Lorenzo, procur-
ator, ii, 579, 610
Receipt for pew-rent paid by
President Andrew Jackson,
fac simile, iv, 792
Reception to Bishop Alemany
at San Francisco, iv, 682;-to
Bishop Diego at Santa Bar-
bara, 230-234 ;-at Monterey,
263-264
Recommendations of Fr. Gar-
cia Diego to Mexican Gov-
ernment, iv, 72
Recopilacion quoted, ii, 517,
518;-iii, 136
Record, official, of Portola's
march, ii, 57-58 ;-of founding
of Mission and presidio at
Monterey, ii, 76-78 ;-of found-
ing of college and seminary
at Santa Ines. iv, 263;-of
founding of novitiate at San-
ta Barbara, 702-703
Records, Registers etc., pre-
scribed for Missions, ii, 627
Reddan, Sister Mary de Sales,
iv, 714
Redman, J. W., in Land Case
No. 412, iv, 759-767
Redskins crowded to walL iv,
652
Reductions, Missions, Conver-
sions, etc., iii, 103;-iv, 301
Redwood trees first observed,
ii. 46
Reform Bando in Mexico, iii,
93
Reform Law, so-called, promul-
gated, iii, 99
Reform, so-called, begins early,
iii, 175
Reform needed was to let mis-
sionaries alone, iii, 503
Index
103
Refuge, Our Lady of, celebra-
tion, iv, 259, 421
Refugio, Nuestra Setiora del,
Patroness of California dio-
cese, iv, 259-261
Refugio, Rancho del, see Ran-
cho
Refusal of viceroy reversed, ii,
611
Refuse to volunteer for Cali-
fornia, friars justly, ii, 376-
381
Regard for truth lacking in
some historians, ii, 274
Regency in Mexico, iii, 108;-
sends commissioner to Cali-
fornia, 151
Regidores and alcaldes, ii, 336-
337, see Alcaldes
Register of Confirmation by
Fr. Serra, ii, 299
Reglamento, a kindly, ii, 121-
125, 279-280
Reglamento of Neve on Mis-
sions, ii, 330-335, 371, 381;-
repealed, 427
Reglamento of Neve on mili-
tary cause of confusion, ii,
431
Reglamento of Fr. Duran con-
cerning restored Missions, iv,
278-279 ;-another proposed by
same, 431-432
Reglamento Provisional of Fig-
ueroa, iii, 523-530, 546, 547,
594-595 ;-iv, 112, 137;-of Al-
varado, iv, 142-145 ;-another,
163-169, 217;-of Pico for sale
of Missions, 445-450
Reglamento of Pico and Fr.
Duran, iv, 443
Regular Observance term for
branch of Franciscan Order,
ii, 605
Regulations of Fr. Guardian
Gasol, ii, 626-630;-of Fr. P4n-
gua, 631-632
Regulations for Missions of Fr.
Mezquia, ii, 246, see Routine
Regulations of Gov. Sola for
soldiers, iii, 39-40
Reid, HupTO P., purchases Mis-
sion San Gabriel, iv, 508;-
ment., 725
Reid, William, purchases Mis-
sion San Miguel, iv, 508
Rejoicing over discovery of
Monterey Bay, ii, 79;-of fri-
ars at relief from temporali-
ties, iii, 551-552
Relations, Jesuit, or Cartas
Edificantes, ii, 458
Relations of missionaries to
neophytes, ii, 265-266;-iii, 339-
340, see Ricrhts of Mission-
aries, In Loco Parentis
Relics of St. Vibiana at Santa
Barbara, iv, 717
Religion, Christian, why sav-
ages abhor it, iii, 435-436;-
claimed to be chief object of
California conquest, ii, 5, 9,
10, 281, 655;-not chief object,
ii, 5, 118, 655, 658, 660;-con-
quers savage nature iv, 536-
537;-and education according
to Borica, ii, 475;-chief part
of education, according to
Micheltorena, iv, 333; -not
guide of California legisla-
tors, iii, 187;-iv, 56, 286, 492-
493, 606, 608:-oreservation of,
always first article in Chris-
tian pronunciamentos, iii, 515;
-preserving peace in Cali-
fornia, iv, 113;-representa-
tives of, poorly compensated,
ii, 281, see Missionaries,
Neve, Pages ;-of savages, ii,
236-238 ;-in schools, see Bo-
rica, Micheltorena, Schools ;-
among settlers, iii, 316-318,
61 1-616 ;-support of, duty, iii,
580-581 ;-iv, 791-792;-so ac-
knowledged by President An-
drew Jackson, 792-793 ;-rights
of, respected when U. S. flag
was raised, iv, 506, 554, 630
Religious, Catholic, naturally
loyal to secular government,
ii, 284-285
Religious convictions versus
hazy notions, iv, 413
Religious freedom in Mexic6,
iii, 565;-iv, 281, 699, 794-799
Religious habit alone not proof
against fall, iii, 575
Religious Orders in Mexico,
laws against, iii, 97, 516-517;-
iv, 419;-why hated, iii, 616-
620;-iv, 699
Religious of San Juan de Di6s
and others, iii, 93
Remarkable scene, ii, 401-402
104
Index
Remarks uncalled for from De
Croix, ii, 294
Remarks, explanatory, on pai-
sanos, iv, 167
Remedios, The, or La Favo-
rita, ii, 321, 370, 395
Remedios, Nuestra Seiiora de
los, image of, ii, 322
Remedios, Puerto de Nuestra
Setiora de los, ii, 159
Remnants of Missions restored
to friars and Indians, iv, 272-
277, 339
Removal of friars from man-
agement, real motive for, iii,
498
Removal of Mission San Car-
los, ii, 87;-of Mission San
Diego, 133
Renegade Indians dangerous,
iv, 310, see Runaways
Rengel, Jose Antonio, general,
succeeds Neve as command-
ante general, ii, 405-406 ;-or-
ders founding of Mission
Santa Barbara, iii, 433;-ment.,
420, 431 ;-autograph, ii, 406
Renting Missions, decree on,
iv, 373-375
Rent from leased Missions, iv,
465, 467;-insignificant, 505;-
ment, 461-462, 468-469, 495,
496
Repairs at Missions, why not
made, iii, 241, 554, 556, 559-
560
Repeal of secularization decree
by Mexican Congress, iv, 6
Reply to Neve exhaustive, ii,
281-284
Report, first general, on Mis-
sions, ii, 126;-first prescribed
annual, 138;-first after re-
quired formula, 445-446 ;-first
biennial, 447-448 ;-first on an-
nual Communion, 632;-on
state of Missions in 1843, iv,
322-324 ;-of Fathers on Ri-
vera, ii, 186-188 ;-of Fages on
neophytes, 431;-of Sola on
missionary methods, iii, 48-
51;-of Figueroa on Indians,
496-500 ;-of Fr. Garcia Diego
on situation in California, iv,
69-72, 187-189 ;-of Fr. Rubio
on conditions in diocese, 214-
219, see Fr. Duran;-of U. S.
Com. Ind. Affairs on educa-
tion, ii, 267-270;-of U. S. Sec-
retary of Interior on Indian
education, ii, 271;-on Ban-
dini's mission plan in as-
sembly, iv, 499-501 ;-to last
assembly on Missions, 566-
567;-of Indian Agent Henley,
655-657 ;-of U. S. Agent
Carey Jones on Mission
property and Indian rights,
729-731
Reports demanded on Missions
by viceroy, ii, 121;-annual,
requested, 137;-biennial, or-
dered, 446;-on annual Con-
fession and Communion pre-
scribed, 627-628 ;-on sindicos
requested, iii, 208-209 ;-de-
tailed, demanded by Echean-
dia's assembly, 241
Reports, tabular, biennial for
1809-1810, facsimile, insert,
iii, 72;-annual for 1821, fac-
simile, insert, on Spiritual
State of Missions, iii, 172;-
annual for 1820 on Spiritual
and Temporal State of Mis-
sions, facsimile, insert, end
of vol. iii;-summary, on spir-
itual results of missionary
efforts to year 1846, iv, 529;-
on livestock of Missions,
summary, iv, 531;-on agricul-
tural products of Missions
from 1783 to 1832, summary,
iv, 535;-on state of the Mis-
sions, December 31, 1832, iii,
653
Representacion of Fr. Serra,
ii, 109-115;-of Fages, 416-417;
-of FF. Senan and Salazar,
511-516;-of Bishop Diego, iv,
407-410
Represented in the assembly,
how Missions were, in 1824,
iii, 185
Reprints of diaries of FF.
Crespi and Pena, ii, 153
Republican form of government
and the Catholic Church, iv,
^^ . . .
Republicanism in Mexico, iii,
268, 570;-iv, 795-799
Reputation of ecclesiastics sul-
lied by vile romancers, iv,
806-812
Index
105
Requena, Manuel, iv, 124, 247,
472, 725
Requiem Mass for Juan Perez,
ii, 166;-for Fr. Jaume, 170;-
on board the Santiago, 151;-
for soldiers killed for inde-
pendence of Mexico, iii, 149
Requisites for Missions, ii, 372-
381, 433;-for successful colon-
ization, 514-515
Reservations, U. S. Indian, iv,
112, 437, 654-657
Reserved Cases, ii, 608;-iv, 238,
300
Residence of Bishop Alemany
at Monterey, iv, 684-685
Resignation of FF. Jimeno and
Sanchez from seminary, iv,
625
Resolution of first Ecclesias-
tical Synod on Mission prop-
erty, iv, 732
Resolution of Pico's assembly
on Micheltorena, iv, 328
Resources of territorial gov-
ernment, ii, 123-124 ;-of mis-
sionaries, see Stipends
Respect for Vestal Virgins in
pagan Rome, iv, 799
Respect for secular authority
on part of friars, iv, 354, 385-
386
Respectful tone of friars' let-
ters, iii, 242
Respuesta of Fr. Lasuen, ii,
552-581 ;-of Fr. Tapis, 551-
580;-of Fr. Duran, iii, 488-495
Restitution of Mission prop-
erty obligatory, iv, 107, 347,
351
Restoration decree of Michel-
torena too late, iv, 274
Results of appointing alcaldes
prematurely, ii, 340-344 ;-of
ill-advised system of educa-
tion, 33, 266-272 ;-of Mission
System, iii, 551, 653;-iv, 527-
537, see Mission System ;-of
Mexico-paisano greed, 119-
120, 185;-of so-called secu-
larization, iii, 535-538, see
Secularization
Retiring missionaries, license
for, needed from Superiors
only, ii, 423
Retribution, iii. 598;-iv, 49, 111,
470, 541, 545-546
Retreat, or Spiritual Exercises
and places for, ii, 630;-Fr.
Serra's last, 400;-emphasized
by Fr. Sarria, iii, 4, 44;-of
priests in Archdiocese of
San Francisco, iv, 713
Retreat or flight of Pico and
Castro, iv, 548, 556
Reuss, Francis X., error about
Bishop Diego, iv, 202;-ment.,
190, 711
Revenge of paisano chiefs, iii,
409-410;-iv, 273, 325, 334
Revenge of missionary priest,
iii, 293-294
Revenues of the missionaries,
ii, 460-462, see Stipends ;-of
territorial government, iii,
133-134, 169, 185-186 ;-from
customhouse, iv, 84, 135;-
cause of dissensions, 126-127;
-from Missions belong to
neophytes, iv, 377, see Indian
Property ;-from Pious Fund,
iv, 241-242, see Pious Fund
Revere, Joseph W., iv, 554-555
Reverence for priest on part of
neophytes, iii, 200
Revilla, Cristobal, ii, 202
Revilla Gigedo, Don Juan Vi-
cente de Guemes Pacheco de
Padilla, Conde de, friend of
Missions, ii, 452 ;-In forme,
324, 471 ;-sends expeditions
north, 441;-to Fr. Noriega,
452-453 ;-directs Fr. Lasuen
to start Missions, 453;-an-
nounces war with France,
464-465;-disastrous interfer-
ence in College affairs, 479-
483 ; - disapproves one friar
living alone, 515;-sends me-
chanics, 535-536 ;-on travelling
expenses, 544-545 ;-ment., 455-
456, 511, 537, 649;-autograph,
ii, 464
Revolutions not favored by-
Catholic Church, ii, 604;-iii,
218;-iv, 282
Revolt, Indian, at San Diego,
ii, 169-170, 177, 186, 210;-at
San Luis Obispo, 209;-ru-
mored at San Antonio, 165;-
at Purisima, Santa Barbara,
Santa Ines, iii, 194-21 l;-cause
of, 195,-iv, 306
Revolt of Hidalgo in Mexico,
io6
Index
ii, 648-651 ;-consequences, iii,
16-20 ;-again St Gov. Victoria,
362-365 ;-against Chico, iv, 38;
-against Gutierrez, 50-52, 54;
-against Micheltorena, iv,
325, 424
Revolt at Santa Barbara to
prevent exile of Fr. Duran,
iv, 36-38 ;-to prevent depar-
ture of Fr. Rubio, 712;-of
Mexicans at Los Angeles, 70;
-against Gillespie, 564
Revolters, to Liberal, generally,
churches are not sacred, iii,
110;-iv, 795-799
Revolts, Indian, general but
for the missionaries, iv, 537
Rewards for service in Mis-
sions proposed, ii, 449-450
Reyes, Fr. Antonio de los, ap-
pointed Bishop of Sonora, ii,
371, 391-392 ;-plans to organ-
ize custody in California, 392-
393
Reyes, Point, ii, 50, see Point
Reyes
Reyes Rancho, ii, 491, 496
RezanoflF, N. P. de, ii, 634-635
Rich harvest for administra-
tors, iii, 535
Richardson, William, iv, 638
Rico, Rev. Juan, S. J., iii, 43
Ridiculous charge from Michel-
torena, iv, 420-422 ;-from Val-
lejo, m-n9 ,
Ridiculous legislation, iii, 323-
325
Riesco y Puente, Miguel, iii, 97
Right of Sanctuary and Rivera,
ii, 186-187 ;-laws on, 668-670
Rights of Indians upheld by
missionaries, ii, 346-347, 517-
519;-iii, 643-644
Rights of Indians to their land,
iii, 638-639, 646;-iv, 26-27, see
Fr. Duran; -under Spanish
law, iv, 730-731 ;-def ended by
Catholic clergy, 745
Rights of man slogan and fool-
ish notions about, iii, 107, 437
Rights of missionaries, ii, 104-
105, 117, 119-120, 133, 442-
443;-disputed by Pages, 104-
105
Rights of Religion disregarded,
iv, 506, see Church property
Rignano. Fr. Antonio de. Dele-
gate General, iv, 700-701
Riley, Bennett, succeeds Mason
as Governor, iv, 604, 646;-
reply to Fr. Rubious petition,
604-605 ;-reply to Fr. Rubio
on Brignole, 617;-calls for
elections, 658-659 ;-Thanks-
giving Proclamation, 661-662;
-ment., 606, 728, 817
Rincon, or Nuestra Senora del
Pilar, ii, 128
Rinconada de San Diego, ii, 27
Ringleaders of revolt captured,
ii, 209-210
Rio Barrabas, or Rosario, (L.
C), ii, 598;-Calaveras, 681;-
Carmelo, 41, 72-74, 81, 93, 163,
165, 662;-Colorado, 125, 134-
137, 173-176, 189, 191-193, 196,
199-200, 219, 350-357, 366. 378,
434, 522, 586;-iii, 31, 33, 35,
Z1, 333, 437, 609;-iv, 570, 629;
-Gila, ii, 139, 350-352 ;-iv, 629;
-Grande, iv, 629;-Guadalupe,
ii, 181, 216, 222;-Kings, or de
los Reyes, ii, 623, 682;-Mer-
ced, ii, 625, 681;-Mohave, or
de los Martires, ii, 194, 199;-
Monterey or Salinas, 94, 178,
184-185, 203, 452;-Nacimien-
to, 185, 491;-Pajaro, 46, 492;
iii, 646;-de la Pasion, ii, 681,
682;-Porciuncula, 32, 60, 366;
-Principio, 155-l56;-de los
Reyes at Nootka Sound, 441;-
de los Reyes, or Kings River,
623, 682;-del Rosario (L. C),
see Barrabas;- Russian, or
San Ignacio, iii, 155;-Salinas,
ii, 41, 54, 141, 184, 203, 452;-
iv, 478, 568, see Monterey ;-
de los Temblores, or Nombre
de Jesus, ii, 30, 60, 90, 91;-
Tuolumne, or Nuestra Sen-
ora de los Dolores, ii, 681;-
Sacramento, or Jesus Maria,
ii, 625;-iii, 27, 146;-iv, 315,
327, 414, 416, 581, 593, 611,
652;-San Antonio, ii, 88, 185;
-San Bernardo, ii, 38;-iv,
571, 574;-San Benito, ii, 94,
95, 99, 492, 493, 495;-San El-
zeario, or Salinas, ii, 41, 94,
206;-San Estanislao (Stanis-
laus), iv, 313;-San Felipe, ii,
198;-San Francisco, ii, 98,
Index
107
164, 182, 215, 622, 625-626,
681;-iii, 27;-iv, 424, 576, 611,
652;~San Francisco de Paula,
ii, 99;-San Gabriel, ii, 177,
682;-iii, 23;-iv, 578;-San Joa-
quin, ii, 98, 207, 624-625, 681,
682;-iii, 23, 27, iv, 315;-San
Lorenzo, ii, 48, 144, 516;-San
Miguel, (San Gabriel), ii,
682;-San Pedro (Tulares) ii,
623, 682;-de Santiago (Posa
Creek), ii, 199;-San Stanis-
laus (Guadalupe), ii, 681;-
Slavianska, ii, 634;-Tulare, ii,
623;-Walker, ii, 199;-White,
ii, 198;-Santa Ana, ii, 29, 38,
46, 60, 90, 136, 144, 177, 195,
667, 681;-Santa Clara, ii, 33,
59, 491;-Santa Cruz (White),
ii, 199;-Santa Delfina (Sa-
linas), 94, 141, 203;-Santa
Ines, ii, 38, 435, 595, 601;-iii,
16;-Santa Margarita, ii, 178,
185;-Santa Maria, ii, 38;-
Santa Rosa (San Bernardo),
ii, 38, 595;-Santisimo Nombre
de Jesus de los Temblores, li,
30, 60;-see also Arroyo
Rio Colorado Mission pueblos,
ii, 434;-disaster, 522;-lesson,
586
Rioboo, Fr. Juan Garcia, chap-
lain on Princesa, ii, 321;-
destined for California, 375;-
arrives, 395-396 ;-accompanies
Fr. Serra to San Diego, 398
Riordan, Rev. J. W., S. J., iv,
619
Rios, Petronillo, purchases San
Miguel, iv, 508
Ripalda's Catechism, iii, 613,
617
Ripoll, Fr. Antonio, arrives,
iii, 16;-at Santa Barbara, 91;
-tries to save rebelling neo-
phytes, 197-206 ;-refuses oath,
244;-flight of, 257, 277;-ment.,
246, 295, 407;-autograph, iii,
206
Rita, Indian, iv, 452
Rivalries between Mexicans
and paisanos, iv, 417-419;-
among paisano chiefs, 477-
494
Rivera y Moncada, Capt. Fer-
nando, leads first land ex-
pedition to San Diego, ii, 14,
16;-with Portola expedition,
22, 23, 24, 41, 54, 56;-des-
patched after provisions, 61,
62;-appointed military com-
mander of Upper California,
125, 132, 139;-his instructions,
132-133 ;-reaches Monterey,
133;-ordered to survey San
Francisco Bay, 140;-expedi-
tion to San Francisco Port,
141-143 ;-to establish Mission
there, 161-164 ;-consults Fr.
Serra, 168;-revolt at San Di-
ego, 169;-with Anza, 171-172,
177;-haughty order, 179;-dif-
ferences with Anza, 180-185,
188-189 ;-thought crazy, 184,
188, 196;-cause of animosity
to friars, 183, 215;-violates
sanctuary, excommunicated,
185-187, 668;-spiteful, 201-202,
210-212;-at San Francisco,
209;-ordered to release In-
dians and to let rebuilding
proceed, 213-214;-to aid Mis-
sions, 217;-appointed lieuten-
ant-governor of Lower Cali-
fornia, 218, 365;-killed by Yu-
mas, 354, 366;-sketch, 354;-
ment., 167, 203-208, 280, 290,
335, 347, 371, 415;-iii, 232,
640-643, 645;-iv, 816;-auto-
graph, vol. i, 478
Rivera, Francisco, iv, 269
Road from New Mexico to
Monterey, ii, 125;-Sonora to
Monterey, 125, 134, 173
Roadstead of San Francisco,
ii, 165;-Bucareli, 157
Rob Roy's rule, iv, 728
Robespierre, iv, 359
Robbery, wholesale, iv, 289, 298
Robbins, John, iv, 234
Robinson, Alfred, on California
soldiers and colonists, iii,
131-132; on Padres, 346-347;-
on Victoria, 354;-on Echean-
dia, 416, 471-472 ;-on Figuer-
oa*s death, 601;-in error, 604;
-ment., 570, 573, 601;-iv, on
Micheltorena's soldiers, 270;-
on Mission garden fruits,
534;-on reception of Bishop
Diego, 228-232 ;-on patience
of Indians, 306;-ment., 84, 94,
234, 319
io8
Index
Roblar, £1, near Santa Clara,
ii, 387
Robles, Juan Jose, ii, 354, 366
Robles del Puerto de San
Francisco, Los, ii, 95
Robles, Los, site of Mission
San Antonio, ii, 71
Roca, Pedro, ii, 465
Rocha, Juan Jose, iii, 251, 301,
362, 484;-iv, 66
Rodeo or round-up of cattle,
ii, 262;-iv, 361
Rodriguez, Blessed Alfonso, iii,
43 ^
Rodriguez, Fr. Antonio, at
Purisima, iii, 196;-intercedes
for rebel Indians, 203;-assists
Indians being executed, 204;-
autograph, 203
Rodriguez, Fr. Gabriel, dis-
creto, iv, 722
Rodriguez, Jacinto, iv, 60
Rodriguez, Jose, teacher, ii, 474
Rodriguez de San Miguel, Juan,
Bishop Diego's attorney, iv,
245, 255, 256, 402-405
Rodriguez, Sebastian, iii, 351
Rogation Days, ii, 627
Roldan (Rowland), grantee of
La Puente land grant, iv, 788
Roman Catholic Orphan Asy-
lum, San Francisco, founded,
iv, 799
Roman Inquisition, iii, 625
Romance, unchristian, iv, 810;-
criminal, 808
Romancers depict their own
mind and heart, iv, 808
Romani, Fr. Paulino, O. F. M.,
iv, 616, 617, 686
Romans, Greeks, Egyptians and
education, ii, 244
Rome, Fr. Guzman visits, iii,
465;-ment.,iv, 190-192, 200,
201, 223, 664-668, 671, 684,
701-702, 714, 716, 717, 720,
731
Rome's pagans venerated Ves-
tal Virgins, iv, 799
Romero, Jose, killed along
with Fr. Jaume, ii, 169
Romero, Jose, soldier, iii, 572
Romero, Jose Antonio, Minis-
ter of Interior, iv. 190
Romero, Jose M., opens school
at Monterey, iv, 93-94
Romeu, Jose Antonio, defeats
Yumas, ii, 356;-appointed
governor, 455 ;-ar rives,, 456;-
death of, 456;-ment., 431, 453,
454, 457;-autograph, vol. i,
520
Romeu, Dona Josefa, wife of
Jose Antonio, ii, 456
Ronda de cabrones, iv, 139
Roo, Andres Quintana, iii, 516
Roosevelt, President Theodore,
advocates flogging in cases,
ii, 276
Rosa, The, iii, 511;-iv, 84
Rosa, Luis de la, iv, 403
Rosales, Rev. Jose Maria, ar-
rives with Bishop Diego, iv^
227 ;-receives Minor Orders,
228;-ordained priest, iv, 258;-
curate of San Buenaventura,
258, 295, 418, 461;-at San Juan
Capistrano, 685;-ment., 227,
228, 282, 323, 516
Rosalinda (Rosalind) The,
brings Bishop Diego to San
Diego, iv, 224, 226, 246
Rosario de Beato Serafin, camp,
ii, 48
Ros4rio, Juan Suarez, iv, 733
Rosario Mission, Lower Cali-
fornia, ii, 456
Rosario, Sinaloa, ii, 365, 592
Rosario, The, ii, 321
Rosary recited on march, ii,
141, 175;-iii, 147;-on board
ship, ^ ii, 147, 151;-by Fr.
Garces in savage camps, ii,
192;-at Missions, 256, 627;-
iii, 263
Rosary Sunday, ii, 323;-iv, 421
Rosas, Jose, iv, 152
Round Valley Indian Reserva-
tion, iv, 653-654
Rouset, Rt. Rev. Francisco,
Bishop of Sonora, ii, 541,
607-608, 641, 643;-death of,
644;-iii, 46, 278;-autograph,
vol. i, 567
Rouset, Jose Dario, ii, 643
Rousseau, Jean Jacques, iii, 544;
-iv, 2(il, 777, 779, 781, 782
Route of Portola, ii, 663-666;-
of Anza and Fr. Garces, ii,
666-667 ;-of Fr. Zalvidea, 679-
680;-of Fr. Munoz, 681-682;-
of Moraga, 203
Routine, daily, at Missions, ii.
Index
109
253-254, 448-449, 559, see Mis-
sion System
Rowen, Captain of the Cali-
fornia^ iv, 134
Rowland, see Roldan
Royal Audiencia, Mexico, ii,
298
Royal patronage, ii, 463, 670-
674, see Patronato
Royal revenues in California,
ii, 591-592
Ro3ral treasury supplied no
money for Missions, ii, 11
Rubbish, historical, ii, 251-252;-
iii, 485, see Hittell, Bancroft,
also "Yarns"
Rubi, Fr. Mariano, arrives, ii,
453;-assigned to Soledad, 454;
-proves unfit, 479-486 ;-in
Mexico, 487
Rubidoux Mount, ii, 667
Rubio, Fr. Jose Maria Gon-
zalez, arrives, iii, 442;-as-
signed to Mission San Jose,
452, iv, 522;-on complaints
of Vallejo, iii, 460;-ment.,
268;-iv, congratulates Val-
lejo, 76 ;-presidente, 80, 189,
214;-reports situation in 1840,
214-219, 221;-vicario for
north, 120-122 ;-at Alvarado's
marriage, 125;-on Alvarado's
reglamento, 169-170;-vice-
comisario, 214;--confirms as
such, 189, 663;-secretary to
Bishop Diego, 238;-accom-
panies Bishop, 258-259 ;-takes
oath on Mexican Constitu-
tion, 282;-declines to join
politicians, 489-490 ;-on death
of Fr. Duran, 524-525 ;-vicar-
general, 515, 684, 718;-admin-
istrator of diocese, 521, 693-
694, 711;-grants faculties to
Rev. McNamara and other
priests, 549, 613, 615, 616,
625, 627, 628;-authorizes first
church in San Francisco for
immigrants, 615 ;-supplies
means to foreign priests, 622-
624;-circular on marriage,
602-603 ;-thanks FF. Jimeno
and Sanchez, 625-626 ;-invites
Jesuits, 627, 677-680 ;-corre-
spondence with Governors
Mason and Riley, 599-601,
604, 617, 662-663 ;-circular on
Riley's Thanksgiving Procla-
mation, 663;-on marriage
paragraph in California Con-
stitution, 660 ;-nominated
Bishop for Lower California,
664, 670, 672-674 ;r-declincs
definitely, 675;-welcomes
Bishop Alemany, 683;-per-
mitted to remain, then re-
called to Mexico, 697-698,
711-712 ;-detached from Guad-
alupe, 713;-at first synod, 692;
-proposes to recover Church
lands, 734;-ment., 120, 234,
263, 266, 273, 278, 279, 296,
299-301, 312, 426, 427, 484,
512, 519, 604, 618, 666, 668,
682, 685, 691, 702-707, 716,
719, 720, 734, 816;-autograph,
iv, 122
Ruffians at work, iv, 423-427
Rufus confesses manufacturing
vile story, iv, 806
Ruin of Missions due to Pico
and confederates, iv, 320, 444
Ruin of Religion, ruin of na-
tions, iv, 172
Ruiz, Fr. Francisco, vicario, ii,
626
Ruiz, Francisco Maria, iii, 148
Ruiz, Maria del Amparo, iv,
603
Rule of San Fernando College,
ii, 283;-Rule of St. Francis,
626-629 ;-of human society,
265;-of friars in Missions,
gentle, iii, 351;-of plunder
under Alvarado, iv, 131-135
Rump legislature's proclama-
tion, iv, 54-55
Runaway Indians, their rea-
sons, ii, 508, 640;-why
brought back, 499-508, 640;-
ment., 359, 361, 393-394, 556,
618, 625, 626, 636;-iii, ex-
cuses, 81-82 ;-reasons for re-
turning runaway neophytes,
33-39 ;-iv, 310, 452
Rurik, The, iii, 82
Ruse of neophyte, ii, 214;-
feminine, iii, 293-294
Russell, Sister Mary Baptist,
iv, 714
Russia, iii, 82
Russian-American Fur Com-
pany, ii, 634
Russian efforts, ii, 3, 6;-causc
no
Index
of Spanish activity, 3, 655;-
ment., 437, 634-635, 641, 651;-
trade, iii, 21
Russian colony visited, iii, 154-
156, 357-358 ;-ment., 82, 135,
146
Russian Calendar, ii, 634
Russian River, iii, 155
Russian settler at Santa Cruz,
iv, 297
Ruyuta, near San Rafael, iii,
146
Saavedra, Ramon A., ii, 442
Saca, rancheria, ii, 679
Sacerdotis, In verbo, tacto pec-
tore, ii, 309, 462
Sacramento, city, cholera at, iv,
696;-ment., 565, 628, 686
Sacramento diocese, iv, 715
Sacramento River see Rio
Sacramento Valley, iii, 146;-iv,
130, 314, 322, 478, 555
Sacred Congregation of the
Propagation of the Faith, iv,
668
Sacred property, see Church
property
Sacrilegious acts, ii, 187;-iii,
287-288 ;-iv, 423-426
Sacrosanctae at close of Divine
Office, ii, 388
Sad case of fugitive Indian, iv,
156-157
Sad havoc in Missions, iii, 190-
193;-iv, 450-454
Saddest period in Mission his-
tory, iii, 316;-iv, 110
Sailors help rebuild Mission
San Diego, ii, 211
St. Agatha would use no medi-
cines, ii, 397
St. Augustine in Divine Office,
ii, 340
St. Bernard, quoted, iii, 5
St. Catherine of Sienna, school
in her honor, iv, 688
St. Charles Borromeo, ii, 78, 89;
-iv, 520
St. Dominic, founder of Do-
minicans, iv, 700, 709
St. Dominic and St. Francis
with Dominicans and Fran-
. ciscans, iv, 708
St. Francis of Assist, ii, 283,
333, 361;-iii, 4, 7;-iv, 700;-on
horseback riding, iii, 88;-
his promise, iii, 102;-pro-
nounces his vows, ii, 68;-
regulations for missionaries,
ii, 475-476 ;-his Rule, 628;-
secondary patron saint of
California diocese, iv, 260;-
his Stigmata, ii, 39-40
St. Francis Church, San Fran-
cisco, see Rev. Brouillet;-or-
dinations at, iv, 696
St. Francis de Sales, secondary
patron of California diocese,
iv, 260
St. Francis Solanus, practise
of, ii, 396
St. James (Santiago), Apostle,
ii, 29, 322
St. John, the Baptist, iv, 393,
429
St. Joseph, Patron of early
California expeditions, ii, 6-
7, 10, 24, 40, 60, 78;-memor-
able day of, 62, 64, 65
St. Marcella, iii, 220
St. Martha, iii, 220
St. Mary Magdalen, iii, 220
St. Maximin, iii, 220
St. Michael, Archangel, privi-
leged feast, ii, 223
St. Patrick's Church, San Fran-
cisco iv 715
St. Paul, the Apostle, ii, 604;-
iii, 42;-iv, 409, 520, 602
St. Petersburg, Russia, ii, 634
St. Philip, the Deacon, iii, 103
St. Raphael, Archangel, ii, 68
St. Rose Church, Sacramento,
iv, 628
St. Thomas Aquinas Seminary,
San Francisco, iv, 715, 716
St. Vibiana, her relics at Santa
Barbara, iv, 717
St. Vincent de Paul, iv, 409;-
College at Los Angeles, 719
Saints, patrons for Missions
assigned by viceroy, ii, 494
Siinz de Lucio, Fr. Juan, re-
tires, iii, 47
Sajopin, or San Jose Valley, ii,
490
Sal, Hermenegildo, ii, 202, 408,
410, 451, 492^93 ;-iii, 641, 643
Sala, or reception room, ii, 255
Salaries, first object of covetous
schemers, iii, 393-394, 476
Index
III
Salary of governor, ii, 123, 466;
-of Fagcs, 430;-of military-
officials, 122-123 ;-of teachers,
473-474 ;-as fixed by assem-
bly, iii, 185;-iv, 390;-of may-
ordomos, 164;-charged to
Missions, 110;-of Bishop un-
paid, 240;-as assigned to fri-
ars regarded an alms, iii,
545;-paid with cattle, 583, sec
Stipends
Salazar, Fr. Isidro Alonzo, at
founding of Mission Santa
Cruz, ii, 454;-returned to
Mexico, 511;-his Representa-
cion, 511-516
Sale of Missions proposed, iv,
286-287; 347-348 ;-Fr. Durin
protests, 289-290 ;-urged by
Pio Pico, 366-367 ;-Fr. Du-
ran's reply, 369-372 ;-laid be-
fore assembly, 433;-Pico de-
termined on sale, 442-443 ;-Fr.
Duran refuses assistance, 443;
-proposed by Juan Bandini,
497-499;-committee disap-
proves plan, 499-501 ;-sale re-
solved against orders from
Mexican Government, 455,
501-502 ;-fir s t Mission sold,
458;-sales annulled by Flores
assembly, 566, 769-770 ;-de-
clared null by U. S. Court,
767-771
Salgado, Jose Hermenegildo, iv,
707
Salgado, Juan, iv, 151
Salgado, Fr. Juan Maria, O. P.,
Lower California, ii, 501
Salia, Rt. Rev. Jose Salvad6r,
of Sonora, iii, 251
Salinas, Rancho de, iii, 59, 154,
see Rancho Nacional, del Rey,
de San Pedro
Salinas River, see Rio Salinas
Salinas Valley, iv, 327
Salm6n, Alejo, iv, 263
Salm6n Creek, iii, 155
Saltworks of San Bias, ii, 124
Salud, La, camp, ii, 48
Salvador, Antonio, ii, 151
Salvador, Ignacio, ii, 176
Salvadierra, Fr., in "Ramona,"
iv, 674
Salvatierra, Rev. Juan Maria,
S. J., ii, 134;-iv, 814
Salve Regina, ii, 175, 559, 627
Sample title deed of Mission
sold, iv, 509-511
San Agustin, The, ii, 661
San Alejo, spring, ii, 21 ^ 663
San Andres College, ii, 656
San Andres y San Raimundo,
ii, 52
San Antonio, Alameda Co., iii,
646
San Antonio land grant, iii, 646
San Antonio Mission, see Mis-
sion
San Antonio de Pala, iii, 143;-
iv, 107, see Pala
San Antonio, Lower California,
iv, 238, 515
San Antonio, Texas, ii, 246
San Antonio, The, (El Principe)
ii, 4, 8, 10, 11, 16, 17, 64-66,
71-74, 77-84, 86, 87, 89, 102-104,
110, 127, 131, 139, 146, 161, 166,
201, 210, 211, 216, 219, 320. 325,
660
San Apolinario, ii, 29
San Bartolome, ii, 300
San Beltran, arroyo, ii, 48
San Benito River, see Rio, Ar-
royo
San Benvenuto, or Osito, ii, 39
San Benvenuto, arroyo, ii, 95
San Bernabe Bay, ii, 9-11
San Bernabe, Canada de, ii, 185
San Bernardino, iii, 144, 145;-iv,
107, 310
San Bernardino Mountains, ii,
195, 666 •
San Bernardino Valley (Santa
Clara), ii, 95, 492-493
San Bernardo River, ii, 38
San Bernardo Rancho, iv, 309
San Bias, Port of, Galvez at, ii,
4;-mosquitoes at, 97;-Fr. Ser-
ra at, 108;-saved by Fr. Serra,
109-110, 115-116, 121;-allow-
ance for, 122;-saltworks, 124;
-ment., 16, 86, 112, 126, 133,
139, 153, 155, 160-163, 166, 202,
214, 216, 219, 220, 274, 320-326,
371, 374, 376, 382, 393, 404, 417,
422, 437, 438, 441, 453, 528, 538,
544-547, 576, 591, 636, 659;-iii,
16, 17, 72, 84, 333, 359, 414,
442, 443, 557, 606, 647;-iv, 224,
226, 228, 321, 330
San Bruno Hills, ii, 52, 53
San Buenaventura Mission, see
Mission San Buenaventura
112
Index
San Carlo Church, Rome, iv, 667
San Carlos Custody, ii, 392
San Carlos, Indian gambler at,
ii, 566
San Carlos Island, ii, 159
San Carlos Mission, see Mis-
sion
San Carlos Pass, (Puerto de),
ii, 136, 176, 666-667
San Carlos, The, supply ship,
blessed by Fr. Serra, ii, 8;-
sails for north, 10;-arrives at
San Diego, ll;-mishap, 130;-
first through Golden Gate,
164;-ment., 4, 9, 12, 13, 17, 18,
20, 63, 68, 80, 81, 102, 104, 108,
110, 139, 161, 165, 166, 202-
207, 210, 219, 325, 437, 438,
660;-iii, 55, 62, 66
San Carlos, The, (Philippine
vessel), ii, 326, 396, 397, 398,
437
San Cayetano, arroyo, ii, 682
San Cayetano, Bolsa de, land
grant, iii, 646
Sanchez, Agustin, iii, 246
Sanchez, Fr. Francisco de Jesus,
joins Bishop Diego, iv, 222;-
arrives, 227 ;-at Santa Bar-
bara, 238;-obtains land grant,
261 ;-vice-rector seminary, 263,
279, 301;-takes oath, 282;-
praised, 469, 674;-leaves sem-
inary, 625;-at Los Angeles,
685;-"Fr. Salvadierra" in "Ra-
mona," 674;-at first synod,
692;-stays in California, 698;-
preaches at opening of novi-
tiate, 707;-before Land Com-
mission, 732-733 ;-ment., 512,
515, 683, 697, 703, 709, 720, 735
Sanchez, Fr. Francisco Miguel,
ii, 177, 215, 339, 542
Sanchez, Jose Antonio, ii, 625;-
iii, 37, 145, 178, 305, 356
Sinchez, Fr. Jose Bernardo, ii,
646;-iii, glad at relief from
mission temporalities, 104-105,
168;-with expedition, 142-145;
-appointed presidente, 161,
249-250 ;-s wears conditionally,
237, 244, 270;-demands pass-
port, 261;-loathes office, 249-
250, 329, 336, 464 ;-re signs,
306-307 ;-teaches reading and
writing, 325;-on emancipation,
376;-receives Zacatecan Fath-
ers, 408;-without laborers,
416;-mulcted by paisano
chiefs, 553;-protests land
grant, 645;--death, 451, 560;-
autograph, iii, 144
Sanchez, Jose de la Cruz, iv,
177
Sanchez, Rafael, iii, 552;-iv,
471, 481, 485
Sanchez, Urbano, iv, 26
Sanchez, Vicente, iii, 252;-iv, 35
Sancho, Jose M., iv, 241
Sancho, Fr. Juan, discreto, ii,
361, 382;-guardian, 393, 402-
403, 409-410, 416, 433-434;-
autograph, 402
Sancho, Fr. Juan Bautista, at
San Antonio, iii, 19;-refuses
oath, 244, 272, 273;-death,
290;-ment., 325;-autograph,
326
San Clemente, arroyo, ii, 492
San Cosme, Mexico City, iii, 93
San Cristobal Mts., ii, 151
San Daniel, Laguna de, ii, 38
Sandwich Islands, sectarian
bigotry, iii, 478, 482, 650-652;-
ment., 245;-iv, vicar apostolic
of, 612, 615, 663, 790;-ment.,
235, 550
San Diego Convent, Mexico,
iii, 93
San Diego Mission, see Mission
San Diego, port, presidio, "Old
Town" discovered, named, ii,
3, 7, ll;-latitude, 12;-expedi-
tions to, 10-16 ;-savages, 13,
15, 20-21; first Mission at,
see Mission ;-Portola expedi-
tion leaves, 18, 22;-Portola
returns, 60;-distress, 61-22;-
Fr. Serra's letter, 66-68 ;-Por-
tola's second expedition, 71;-
salaries of garrison, 122;-Or-
tega comandante, 125, 139;-
Anza, 171;-temporary church,
185-188 ;-Fages, 393;-Zufiiga
comandante, 450;-school, 474;
-Vancouver, 470;-ment., 80,
83, 127, 131, 133, 136, 144, 161,
196, 206;-see Fr. Serra, Mis-
sions ;-iii, liquor shop, 132;-
Echeandia arrives, 224, 237;-
electors meet, 251 ;-Echean-
dia, 343;-Padres, 346;-Vic-
toria, 347;-conspiracy against
Victoria, 361-364; -Hi jar at,
Index
113
507;-mcnt„ 62, 222, 240, 265.
266;-iv, people oppose confis-
cation of Missions, 16-17 ;-Fr.
Garcia Diego sails, 69;-to be
residence of Bishop, 197, 209;
-Bishop Diego arrives, 225-
228;-unfit for Bishop, 229,
232;-population in 1840, p.
130;-partido, 390 ;-U. S. flag
raised, 561 ;-Stockton, 569;-
Kearny, 575;-Pico returns,
632;-ment., 296, 308, 309, 487,
488
San Dieguito, Indian pueblo,
iii, 503, 531;-iv, 147
San Dionisio, or Yuma City,
Arizona, ii, 139
San Elzeario, Rio, see Rio
San Emigdio Rancho, iii, 204-
206
San Esteban, Alisos de, ii, 32
San Esteban, or Point Break-
ers, ii, 152
San Felipe, Chihuahua, ii, 292
San Felipe Pass, ii, 667
San Felipe, rancheria, iii, 143;-
iv, 571
San Felix de Cantalicio, ii, 82
San Fernando Church, Mexico
City, iii, 265;-President Her-
rera buried in, iv, 670
San Fernando College, see Col-
lege
San Fernando Mission, see
Mission San Fernando
San Fernando de Velicata Mis-
sion, Lower California, ii, 15,
61, 81-83, 164, 212
San Fernando Valley, ii, 32, 197
San Francisco, Arroyo de, see
Arroyo
San Francisco Bay, Drake's
Bay, ii, 7;-rediscovered, 50;-
ment., 82, 83, 85, 96, 97
San Francisco Bay, Port,
discovered, ii, 51;-first so
named, 58;- 'Arm of the Sea,**
51-53, 96, 97, 142, 164, 181;-
Fr. Palou and Rivera at, 141-
143;-surveyed, 164-165 ;-first
ship, 164;-Anza at, 181-182;-
Langsdorff, 634;-ment., 97,
140, 171, 172, 298, 310, 319,
322, see Fr. Serra, Fr. Palou,
Neve, Rivera, Presidio, Mis-
sion ;-iii, 142;-iv, 318, 593, see
San Francisco City
San Francisco Borja, Mission,
Lower California, ii, 127
San Francisco, Canada de, ii, 52
San Francisco City, (Yerba
Buena), so named, iv, 266-
267, 563 ;-U. S, flag raised,
551, 555;-first newspaper, 563;
-first election, 563;-first
church, 615;-Babylon or mad-
house, 677;-priests at, 685;-
first synod, 692-693 ;-cholera,
697;-archdiocese, 710-711, sec
Archbishop Alemany, Sisters
San Francisco Call and wicked
fiction, iv, 808-810
San Francisco Demokrat and
vile story, iv, 806
San Francisco, or La Hoya de
la Sierra Santa Lucia, ii, 40
San Francisco, Las Llagas de,
ii, 40
San Francisco Mission, see
Mission
San Francisco Presidio, see
Presidio
San Francisco River, (San
Joaquin), discovered, ii, 98;-
ment., 164, 622, 625, 681
San Francisco, Sierra de, ii, 97
San Francisco Solano, his ac-
tivity in Peru, ii, 342;-iii, 396
San Francisco Solano, Cerro
de, ii, 492-494 ;-Mesa de, ii, 29
San Francisco Solano Mission,
see Mission
San Francisco Xavier del Bac,
Arizona, ii, 134, 200
San Francisco Xavier (Javier),
The, iii, 140
San Francisquito Creek, ii, 53,
141, l44;-iii, 154
San Gabriel Custody, ii, 392
San Gabriel Mission, see Mis-
sion
San Gabriel Range, ii, 622, 680
San Gorgonio Pass, ii, 666-667
San Gregorio, camp, ii, 176
San Guido de Cortona, ranch-
eria, ii, 37
San Hilario de Cacaumeat, iii,
38-39
San Ignacio, Sonora, ii, 174
Saniles Indians, ii, 283
San Isidro Springs, iii, 144
San Ivon, Arroyo de, ii, 49
San Jacinto, Mt., or Mt. Edge-
combe, ii, 159
114
Index
San Jacinto Pass, ii, 136
San Jacinto Mountains, iii, 666-
667
San Jacinto Rancho, iii, 144,
658;-iv. 107
San Jacinto Valley, ii, 667
San Jacome de la Marca, Valle
de, ii, 27, 663
San Joaquin, name for new Mis-
sion not established, ii, 82
San Joaquin River (San Fran-
cisco), see Rio San Joaquin
San Joaquin y Santa Ana de
Angayaba, camp, iii, 38-39
San Joaquin Valley, iii, 37;-iv,
313
San Jorge Spring, iii, 147
San Jose del Cabo, Lower Cali-
fornia, iii, 443
San Jose de Gracia, or Simi,
iii, 646
San Jose Mission, see Mission
San Jose, pueblo, founded, ii,
222;-ment., 365, 367, 475, 513;
-iii, 645;-iv, Bishop Diego at,
266;-school ordered, 332, 334;
-Sisters Notre Dame Con-
vent, 689;-ment., 129, 280,
296, 452, 583-584, 660, 680,
681, 685, 708, 729
San Jose Rancho, iii, 658
San Jose, The, ii, 17, 44, 52,
53, 67, 660;-Philippine gal-
leon, 324
San Jose, Valle de, ii, 177, 195
San Jose Valley, or Sajopin, ii,
490;-iii, 143
San Joseph, Arroyo de, ii, 177
San Juan Bautista Creek, ii,
667
San Juan Bautista Mission, see
Mission
San Juan Bautista, or Peder-
nales, ii, 38
San Juan Capistrano Indians,
ii, 237
San Juan Capistrano Mission,
see Mission
San Juan Capistrano Valley
(site of San Luis Rey), ii,
27, 28
San Juan Capistrano Vicjo, or
Pale, ii, 490, 496
San Juan Capistrano de Uturi-
tuc, Arizona, ii, 175
San Juan de Dios, (L. C.)» iif
68
San Juan de Dios, Marl
Springs, Cal., ii, 199
San Juan Nepomuceno, ii, 49
San Juan Nepomuceno, novena
to, ii, 151
San Juan Nepomuceno, The, ii,
325
San Juan de Periicia Lake, ii,
39
San Ladislao (El Buchon), ii,
39
San Leandro Creek, ii, 96
San Leandro Rancho, iii, 156;-
iv, 638
San Lorenzo Bay, Nootka
Sound, ii, 152
San Lorenzo Creek, ii, 96
San Lorenzo Rancho, iii, 156
San Lorenzo River, ii, 48
San Lorenzo, Spain, ii, 457
San Lucas, arroyo, ii, 48
San Lucas Cape, ii, 9
San Luis Bay (L. C), iif 109
San Luis Gonzaga Spring, ii,
681
San Luis Obispo Mission, see
Mission
San Luis Obispo, or Dos Pu-
eblos, ii, 37
San Luis Potosi, Mexico, iv,
481
San Luis Rey (Gaviota), ii, 37
San Luis Rey Mission, see
Mission
San Luis Rey wine, iii, 571
San Marcos Rancho, iv, 457
San Mateo, Arroyo de, ii, 52,
181;-iii, 155
San Mateo Rancho, iv, 184
San Marzal ("Death"), iii, 221
San Miguel de Horcasitas, So-
nora, ii, 174, 189
San Miguel Mission, see Mis-
sion
San Miguel de Noches, ranch-
erias, ii, 199
San Miguel de Sisuguina, iii,
39
San Miguel Valley, ii, 60, 91
San Miguelito Rancho, iii, 559
San Nicolas, £1 Cantil, ii, 39
San Pablo Bay, discovered, ii,
53;-surveyed, 164;-ment., 97,
206, 625
San Pantale6n (Ojitos), ii, 29
San Pascu4t Baylon, proposed
Index
"5
for Mission, ii, 82;-plain, 95,
144;-rancheria, ii, 197, 199
San Pascual, Indian village, iv,
571;-battle at, 572-573
San Patricio, Canada de, ii,
176, 177, 667
San Pedro de Alcantara (Alto
de Jumin), ii, 48, 144, 666
San Pedro de los Jamajabs
(Mohaves), ii, 194
San Pedro, land grant, iii, 646
San Pedro a Moliano, ranch-
eria, ii, 33, 664
San Pedro Point, ii, 44
San Pedro, Port of, iii, 650,
657;-iv, U. S. troops land,
558;-Charity Sisters arrive,
718;-ment., 330, 561, 564, 565,
568, 683
San Pedro Regalado, ii, 49, 144
San Pedro y San Pablo de
Bicuiier, pueblo Mission, ii,
352-353
San Pedro Saxoferrato, ii, 39
San Rafael land grant, iii, 645
San Rafael Mission, see Mis-
sion
San Raimundo, Canada, ii, 52
San Ramon Nonato, ii, 38
San Ram6n Creek, ii, 99
San Ramon Valley, ii, 99
San Rogerio (Berrendo), ii, 32
San Roque (Carpinteria), ii, 34
San Salvador Creek, ii, 96
San Sebastiin, camp, ii, 176
San Simon Lipnica, ii, 21
San Simon y San Judas, ii, 49,
53
San Simon y San Judas de
Uparsoytac, Arizona, ii, 175
Santiago, Fr. Juan Norberto
de, at San Luis Rey, ii, 497;-
captured, iii, 15, 16
Santiago, Parage de, land
grant, iii, 646
Santillan, Rev. Prudencio, or-
dained priest, iv, 412;-at Mis-
sion Dolores, 516;-retires to
Mexico, 686
Santiago, Arroyo de, ii, 29
Santiago Chon (James Jones?),
convert, ii, 642
Santiago, Juan de, ii, 496
Santiago, The, ii, 131, 136, 144,
146-159, 161, 166, 218-220, 293,
298, 300, 319, 320, 325
Santiago, The, (Nueva Galicia),
ii, 127
San Vicente, Arroyo de, ii, 39
San Vicente Springs, iii, 155
San Zeferino, Canada y ranch-
eria, ii, 38, 59, 664
Santo Domingo, Arroyo de, ii,
682
Santo Domingo Valley, ii, 49,
666
Santo Tomas de Aquino, ii, 194
San Timoteo Canon, ii, 666
Santos Martires Hipolito y
Casiano, rancheria, ii, 33, 664
Santa Ana, Lower California,
ii, 40
Santa Ana, on Portola's march
north, ii, 38
Santa Ana, Rio de, see Rio
Santa Angela de Foligno, plain,
ii, 98, 99
Santa Anna, Antonio Lopez
de, President of Mexico, iii,
373, 443, 504, 507, 508, 515,
516, 518;-defeated in Texas,
iv, 73;-excludes foreign
priests, 223;-admits Jesuits,
284;-confiscates Pious Fund,
245-246, 438;-appoints Mich-
eltorena governor, 269 ;-ment.,
282-283, 294, 330, 403, 407,
419;-autograph, iv, 243
Santa Apolonia, The, iii, 246
Santa Barbara Channel, see
Channel
Santa Barbara Mission, see
Mission
Santa Barbara Presidio, Town,
see Presidio
Santa Catalina de Bononia Val-
ley, ii, 32
Santa Catarina Arroyo, ii, 176
Santa Catarina, or Walker
River, ii, 198
Santa Clara, Canada and Rio,
ii, ZZ, 59, 194, 197, 491;-iii,
205
Santa Clara Mission, see Mis-
sion
Santa Clara de Montefalco,
rancheria, ii, 34
Santa Clara Valley, ii, 95, 203
Santa Coleta Valley, ii, 99
Santa Cristina Island, ii, 148
Santa Cruz, arroyo, ii, 48, 144
Santa Cruz College, Queretaro,
see College, Queretaro
ii6
Index
Santa Cruz Convent, Tepic, ii,
320
Santa Cruz Island, ii, 618;-iii,
253
Santa Cruz Mission, see Mis-
sion
Santa Cunigundis, ii, 34
Santa Delfina, river and camp,
ii, 44, 45, 54, 94, 141, see Rio
Santa Elena, caiiada, ii, 39
Santa Eulalia, laguna, ii, 176
Santa Expedicion, ii, 5, 660
Santa Fe, New Mexico, ii, 111;-
iii, 159;-iv, 569, 572. 589
Santa Gertrudis, Lower Cali-
fornia, ii, 135
Santa Gertrudis Spring, iii, 144
Santa Gertrudis land grant, iii,
645
Santa Humiliana, ii, 39
Santa Ines College Ranch, iv,
684
Santa Ines Mission, see Mis-
sion
Santa Ines River, see Rio
Santa Ines Seminary opened,
iv, 262-263 ;-students, 612
Santa Isabel, Arroyo de, ii, 491
Santa Isabel, Canada de, iii,
142, 143
Santa Isabel, rancheria, ii, 194;
-iv, 107, 571
Santa Isabel, Valle de, ii, 27
Santa Justa, The, ii, 438-440
Santa Lucia, Sierra de, ii, 40,
54, 87, 662
Santa Margarita, asistencia de
San Luis Obispo Mission,
iii, 48. 643, 644;-iv, 547
Santa Margarita, asistencia de
San Luis Rey, ii, 490;-iv, 761
Santa Margarita Valley, ii, 28
Santa Margarita de Cortona
(Dos Pueblos), ii, 37
Santa Maria de Antigua, on
Isthmus of Panama, ii, 245
Santa Maria, Rio de, ii, 38
Santa Maria Magdalena, cape,
ii, 148
Santa Maria Magdalena, Cana-
da, ii, 663
Santa Maria Magdalena, So-
nora, ii, 174
Santa Maria, Fr. Vicente de,
arrives as chaplain, ii, 161;-
first priest through Golden
Gate, 164;-buries letters, 165; |
-chaplain, 167, 202, 203;-as-
signed to Mission, 210;-at
Mission Dolores, 215
Santa Marta, rancheria, ii, 30
Santa Monica, El Cajon, iii,
142, 143
Santa Paula, rancho, iv, 510
Santa Paraxedis, ii, 28, 663
Santa Rita, rancheria, ii, 681
Santa Rita, The, iii, 136, 140
Santa Rosa Island, ii, 619;-iv,
75
Santa Rosa, Pozo de, ii, 176
Santa Rosa, Rio de, see Santa
Ines River
Santa Rosa Valley, iii, 147,
508;-iv, 249
Santa Rosa de Viterbio, ii, 32
Santa Rosalia, ii, 38
Santa Rufina, The, ii, 438-440
Santa Serafina, ii, 39
Santa Sinforosa, ii, 27
Santa Teresa, El Co jo, ii, 38
Santa Teresa Hills, iv, 326;-
treaty at, 326
Sarapes grandes, blankets, iii,
69
Sarragossa, Spain, iii, 621
Sarria, Fr. Vicente Francisco
de, death, ii, 334;-on Russian
Baptism, 641-642 ;-ment., 533,
644-646 ;-iii, first comisario-
prefecto, 4;-pastoral, 4-7;-on
Fr. Quintana, 15-16 ;-aids
troops, 18;-on soldiers with
priests, 25;-on Indian mor-
tality, 30;-founds Mission
San Rafael, 31 ;-circulars, 41-
45 ;-biographical sketches, 46;
-would welcome Jesuits, 48;-
surrenders Missions, 52;-
term expires, 53;-^bjects to
cholos, 62-66 ;-forbids coaches,
89;-protest against taxing
Missions, 140;-presidente, 174;
-objects to legislative assump-
tion, 176, 182-1 83 ;-rep roves
Fr. Altimira, 1 79-180 ;-def ends
Fathers, 187-188 ;-sad descrip-
tion of Missions, 190-193;-
pleads^ for rebels, 205-206;-
comisario prefecto again, 207,
404;-refuses oath, 214-219, 245;
-arrested, 221-222;-on schools,
242, 325;-to be exiled, 246,
307, 565;-tells Fr. Martinez to
stay, 263;-offers to retire to
Index
117
Sandwich Isles, 268-269;-at-
tends sick afar, 290;-on eman-
cipation, 377;-stays at Sole-
dad, 454;-death of, 560, 568-
571;"ment., 26, 29, 40, 152, 160,
170, 171, 175, 178-181, 184-185,
195, 220, 234, 239, 249, 250,
257, 259, 263, 266, 272, 280,
290, 302, 304, 328, 332, 347,
356-357, 387, 576, 607, 609-611;
-iv, to be exiled, 4;-accent
on name, 180;-ment., 82, 152,
190, 522, 526, 781, 815;-auto-
graph, iii, 5
Saucito, camp, ii, 356
Savages, see Indians ;-why they
abhor Christian Religion, iii,
435-436 ;-tamed by Religion,
iv, 536-537
Savannah, The, iv, 551, 565
Scandalous proceedings, see Fr.
Martinez, Fr. Mercado, Jose
Castro, Echeandia
Scandalous conditions at San
Gabriel, iv, 163;-at Santa Bar-
bara presidio, see Fr. Ibarra,
Fr. Suner;-at San Carlos, iii,
62-64 ;-at Sonoma, iii, 581-591,
see Soldiers
Scandalous ofHcials, ii, 515, see
Chico, Gutierrez
Scarcity of food, ii, 100-101, 130-
131
Scene, remarkable, ii, 401-402
Schemers against Missions, see
Neve, De Croix, Echeandia,
Alvarado, Pico, Bandini, Val-
lejo. Hi jar. Padres
Scheme, Hijar-Padr6s, foiled, iii,
508
Schismatic baptism, validity of,
ii, 641-642
Schmidt, Captain Carlos, iii, 155
School for boys at Santa Ines,
iv, 262;-at Mission Dolores,
627, 716;-at Monterey, 93-94,
523, 651;-Los Angeles, 677,
691, see Borica, Sola, Michel-
torena
School for girls, first Sisters',
Monterey, iv, 688;-San Fran-
cisco, 714;-Los Angeles, 718,
see Micheltorena
Schools, Christian, necessary,
iv, 713;-Borica*s idea, ii, 475;-
Micheltofena's regulations, iv,
332-334
Schools in Lower California, iv,
188
Schools for teaching Spanish
ordered by king, ii, 472-473
Schools, Fr. Sarria's circular,
iii, 325;-friars want them, 242;
-Echeandia's talk on but clap-
trap, 394-398 ;-paisanos cared
naught, 398-399
Schoolbooks difficult to pro-
cure, ii, 274, 474-475
Schoolmasters scarce, ii, 274,
473-474
Scott, Diego (James), buys
Mission San Luis Obispo, iv,
460;-ment., 84, 234
Scott, General Winfield, enters
Mexican Capital, iv, 629
Schuler, Most Rev. Fr. Denis,
O. F. M., ii, 476
Schwenninger, Rev. Florian, O.
S. B., iv, 696
Scrupulous honesty of friars, ii,
580;-iii, 249;-of Fr. Duran,
iv, 438-439 ;-of Bishop Diego,
441-442
Scurvy afflicted crews, ii, 11-14,
22, 40, 43-45, 152;-heroism of
afflicted soldiers, 45-48
Seal of Confession, iv, 780
Seal of Bishop Diego, iv, 194;-
of State of California, 659-660
Seal Rocks, Cal., ii, 143
Searsville, Cal., ii, 53
Season, Paschal, for Easter
duty, ii, 543
Secret departure of Fr. Peiri,
iii, 412-414
Secret motive of liberal hostil-
ity, iv, 418-420
Secret project of Mission ene-
mies, iii, 401
Secretary of Interior, U. S., on
Indian affairs, ii, 271
Sect, the, iii, 166;-Carranza
leading member in, iv, 580
Sectarian minister, first, iii, 631-
637;-ment., 603
Sectarian brutality, iii, 650-652;
-iv, 612
Secular education deficient, ii,
475
Secular priest, first in Upper
California, ii, 320
Secular priests in Missions, iv,
372, 439;-number in 1844, iv,
324
ii8
Index
Secularization, in true sense,
desired by Fathers, ii, 527;-
iii, 233
Secularization of Indian Mis-
sions, true sense, iii, 233, 312,
425, 522, 638;-iv, 297
Secularization decree, Septem-
ber 13, 1813, true meaning,
iii, 95-97, 104, 137
Secularization plan of Echean-
dia, iii, 238;-before assembly,
322-323;-annotated by Fr.
Duran, 379-402 ;-reported un-
favorably by Figueroa, 496-
500;-Mexican decree, August
17, 1833, iii, 501, 511, 518-520;-
iv, 744;-decree, April 16, 1834,
iii, 521 ;-repealed November
7, 1835, iv, 6;-not obeyed in
California, iv, 15-16 ;-Kiecree
of Figueroa assembly, August
9, 1834, iii, 523-530;-of No-
vember 4, 1834, pp. 530-532;-
of the Pico assembly. May
28, 1845, a real confiscation,
iv, 373-375;-Pico's decree,
October 28, 1845, pp. 445-450;
-effects disastrous, iv, 238,
535-538, 540-542, 581-589;-
ment., iv, 9-10, 130-131, 160-
163, 288-292, .513-514
Secundino, Indian, iii, 13
Segregation of convert Indians
from savages, necessary, iv,
140 ;-sy stem adopted by U. S.
Government, 140, 655
Segregation of marriageable
girls imperative, ii, 250, see
Monjerio
Self-denial of missionaries, ii,
449, 458-459, see Friars, Fa-
thers, Missionaries
Selfishness of Mission despoil-
ers, iii, 377-378 ;-iv, 286, 475,
493
Seminary needed, iii, 343-344;-
iv, 240;-founded at Santa
Ines, iv, 262-263 ;-Francis cans
in charge, 301, 408, 409, 412,
463, 624, 625;-Picpus Fathers,
677;-Rev. E. O'Connell, rec-
tor, 690;-Rev. C. Rubio in
charge. 719;-land grant to,
734-735
Semple, Dr. Robert, iv, 542, 563
Seiian, Fr. Jose, arrives, ii, 423;
-returns to Mexico, 511;-his
"Representacion", 511-516;-
appointed successor to Fr.
Tapis, 632;-ment., 226-227,
237-241, 621 ;-presidente, iii, 3,
4, 7, 54, 56;-ali5o vice-comisa-
rio, 84;-report or summary
of, ll;-on Fr. Payeras, 172-
173;-vicario foraneo, 105-106;
-to be historian, 174;-death,
173;-ment., 31, 33, 89, 91, 125,
148. 149, 161, 170, 178, 180, 183,
207;-autograph, 105
Senate, U. S., confirms Mexican
peace treaty, iv, 629
Sending of missionaries trans-
acted by king and viceroy, ii,
81
Senseless hatred of liberal poli-
ticians for Catholic religious,
iii, 533
Separation from God aim of
French rulers, iv, 662
Separation of Lower from Up-
per California, ii, 597-598
Sepiilveda, Dolores, killed at
Purisima, iii, 196
Sepulveda, Jose, iv, 35
Serafin, Rosario del Beato, ii,
48
Serfs, neoph3rtes under adminis-
' trators, iii, 541
Sermon criticized for alleged
heresy, iv, 420-422
Sermons in Lent and Advent,
iii, 613
Serra, Fr. Junipero, enlisted by
Galvez, ii, 4;-blesses packet-
boat, 8;-arrives at San Diego,
16;-founds first Mission, 19;-
in Indian attack, 20-21 ;-rash
baptism fails, 22;-convalescent
from scurvy, 60;-resolves to
stay, 61-64;-to Fr. Palou, 66-
68;-writings, 68-69 ;-f or Mon-
terey, 65;-arrives, 74;-founds
second Mission, 75-78 ;-asks
for missionaries, 81-82 ;-Cor-
pus Christi, 85;-assigns friars,
85;-founds Mission San An-
ton., 88;-moves Mission San
Carlos, 89;-Indian language,
101-102 ;-founds Mission San
Luis Obispo, 103;-at San Ga-
briel, 103;-at San Diego, 104;-
annoyed by Fages, 104-106;-
council, 107;-embarks for
Mexico, 108;-received by Bu-
Index
119
careli, 109;-saves San Bias,
115-116;-success, 109-121;-on
road between Sonora and
Monterey, 125, 134-135 Hare-
well, 126;-report on Missions,
126;-at San Diego, 127;-urgcs
supplies, 130;-at Monterey,
131;-warned against politi-
cians, 145;-Fr. Jaume's death,
170;-pleads for guilty Indians,
170-171 ;-aflFections for natives,
101, 225, 246, 347;-meets Anza,
178, 179, 182;-ofrends Rivera,
183-184 ;-meets Rivera, 185;-
approves Fr. Fuster, 188;-an-
noyed by Rivera, 201-202 ;-at
San Diego, 210-213 ;-restores
Mission, 214;-founds San
Juan Capistrano, 214;-assigns
Fathers, 215;-consoled by Bu-
careli, 216-218-at Santa Clara,
San Francisco, 220-221 ;-advo-
cates whipping as penalty,
276, 341-342 ;-to Neve on ra-
tions, 287-288 ;-dispute, 289;-
empowered to confirm, 297-
298; -confirmation tour, 299-
301;-Neve objects, 301-312;-
confirms privately, 317-318;-
triumphant, 312-313; -slander-
ed by Bancroft, 31 5-316 ;-love
of peace, 292, 303-304, 315, 317-
318, 362;-second confirmation
tour, 320;-at Santa Clara and
Dolores, 324, 326;-objects to
innovation, 337-344 ;-finds way
out, 344-345;-objects to in-
justice, 346-347 ;-hated by Ne-
ve, 347-348, 362-364 ;-a feat at
San Gabriel, 367;-founds San
Buenaventura, 368;-blesses
Cross for Santa Barbara Pre-
sidio, 369;-Hdisappo inted by
Neve, 369-370 ;-hopes blasted,
371, 382, 383;-solicitude for
friars, 385-389, 407;-on dona-
tivo, 390;-public prayers, 391;
-asks for priests, 395;-brings
Fages to terms, 409;-formula
for reports, 445-446 ;-inner life,
zeal, mortification, 396-397,
323, 324;-last confirmation
tour, 309-400 ;-dedicates Santa
Clara church, 400;-last blow,
400;-"cursum consummavi,"
last illness, death, funeral, 400-
402;-mcnt., 6, 7, 9, 18, 90, 99,
129, 138-140, 143, 146, 173, 174,
244, 279, 281, 286, 290, 403, 404,
410, 432, 489, 533, 543, 653;-
iii, on rights of Fathers over
neophytes, 1 13 ;-hated by Ban-
croft, 172;-in Sierra Gorda,
321 ;-approves whip, 456;-first
land grant, 640-642 ;-ment., 547,
558, 568;-iv, defends rights of
Indians, 12;-opinion of Mis-
sion sales, 498;-ment., 305, 367,
386, 683, 805, 815;-autograph,
vol. i, 305
Serrano, Leandro, iii, 414
Serrano y Franco, Rev. Fran-
cisco Domingo, iv, 718-719
Servant of friars, ii, 125, 280,
282, 287, 332
Serviles, political party in Span-
ish Cortes, iii, 95
Servin, Ignacio, iv, 481
Servitude of Church to State in
Spain, ii, 607, see Patronato
Settlers, why not successful, ii,
511, 512-513;-requisites, 514-
515;-religious instruction of,
iii, 611-616;-selfishness of, iv,
286;-niggardly towards priests,
391 ;-American, cruelty to In-
dians, 650-654
Severe judgment, iv, 111-112
Sgene, rancheria, ii, 679
Shackles as penalty, ii, 573-574
Shame curbs whites, not sav-
ages, iii, 458;-stops extermina-
tion of Indians, iv, 654
Shameless conduct of soldiers,
iii, 201;-iv, 360-361, see Sol-
diers, Troops
Shameless discrimination against
Indians, iii, 191-193;-see In-
dians
Shameless treatment of Fr. San-
chez, iii, 260-261 :-of Fr. Mar-
tinez, 292-294, 332-333 ;-of Fr.
Mercado, iv, 422-426 ;-of Fr.
Ibarra, see Fr. Ibarra ;-of In-
dians at Los Angeles, iv, 650
Shape of Monterey Bay, ii, 73
Shaw, Thomas, iv, 135
Shasta, Cal., iii, 147
Shea, John Gilmary, historian,
ii, 206;-iv, 665
Shells, traffic in, by Indians, ii,
194
Sherman. William Tecumseh, iv,
595, 638, 639
I20
Index
Shiftless soldiers, iii, 134;-sce
Soldiers, Guards
Shipbuilding at San Bias, ii, 160
Ship, first through Golden Gate,
ii, 164
Ships, chaplains on, add to ef-
ficiency of men, ii, 220
Shipwreck averted through no-
vena, ii, 320
Shoes, forbidden to Franciscans,
ii, 628-629 ;-per mitt ed to Fr.
Payeras, 633;-Fr. Sarria on,
iii, 42
Short, Rev. Patrick, C. SS. CC,
iii, 650 Hv, 523, 790;-auto-
graph, iii, 651
Short Words, Two, iv, 8-11
Shoshone Indians, ii, 226
Shubrick, Commodore, W.
Brandford, general order of,
iv, 579
Sick with scurvy, care for, ii,
14, 16, 18, 19, 22
Sick at Missions, care for, ii,
555;-desire Sacraments, 449;-
refuse medicines, 609;-prefer
to die in mountains, 612
Sickness among Indians and
Mexicans, general causes, ii,
608-609
Sierra Gorda Missions, Mex-
ico, ii, 7, 130, 246, 341;-Fr.
Serra in, 299;-method ob-
served, 426;-ceded to arch-^
bishop, iii, 321
Sierra, Fr. Benito, chaplain at
sea, ii, 154-160, 166-167, 210,
219
Sierra Madre de California, ii,
667;-Nevada, ii, 197;-iii, 146;-
iv, 652;-de San Benito, ii,
203;-de San Gabriel, 197;-
de San Francisco, 97;-de San
Marcos, 197;-de San Pablo,
193;-Santa Clara de Monte-
falco, 159;-de Santa Coleta,
194;-<le Santa Lucia, 39, 54,
56, 71;-de Santa Lucia, north
of San Rafael, iii, 156
Signature of Pio Pico in U. S.
District Court, iv, 755-756
Siguicin, rancheria, ii, 679
Silly charge, iii, 282
Silva, Most Rev. Fr. ^ Commis-
sary General Joaquin, ii, 455
Silva, Jose Manuel, iii, 142
Silva, Mariano, iv, 481, 551
Silver watches prohibited to
friars, ii, 628-629, 632
Simi Valley, ii, 491;-iii, 230;-
land grant, 646
Simplicity of Indians abused,
iv, 184
Simpson, Sir George, on Santa
Barbara, iv, 234-235
Sinaloa, ii, 133, 139-141, 174,
292, 365;-iv, 283
Sindico, or depositary, at Col-
lege of San Fernando, ii, 84,
163, 219, 247, 372, 374, 453,
461, 544, 578, 591;-iii, 17, 208-
209, 248, 267;-iv, 522;-at Te-
pic, iii, 209, 403;-iv, 26;-in
California, iii, 257-258, 550,
567-568;-iv, 790^
Singing savages, ii, 148-149
Singers and singing at Mis-
sions, ii, 256-257, 273
Sinodos, see Stipends
Sins crying to heaven, iii, 228
Sisters of Charity arrive at
San Francisco, iv, 697;-at
San Pedro for Los Angeles,
718;-Dominican at San Fran-
cisco, 688-689 ;-of Mercy, at
San Francisco, 715;-Notre
Dame at San Francisco, 688-
689;-of Presentation at San
Francisco, 714
Sisters of Charity, two, die of
cholera on the way, iv, 697
Sisters' school, first in Cali-
fornia at Monterey, iv, 688;-
at San Francisco, 714
Sisupistu, rancheria, ii, 679
Sites for colonies proposed, ii,
516;-for Missions, 143-144,
181, 490-492
Sitio, meaning of, iii, 475
Sitio de ganado mayor, iv, 265
Sitjar, Fr. Buenaventura, ar-
rival, ii, 84;-assigned, 85;-at
founding of San Antonio, 87-
88, 129, 178, 215;-marks site
of San Miguel, 491-492 ;-at
San Miguel, 496, 549-551;-
his Indian vocabulary, 554;-
iii, 611;-at Fr. Lasuen's
death, ii, 596
Sitka region discovered, ii, 321
Situation in California early in
1846, iv, 493-494
Six Articles of Fr. Duran, iv,
431-432
Index
121
Sixth and Seventh Command-
ments annoy liberal politi-
cians, iv, 419-420
Sixty degrees, Spanish farthest
north, ii, 322
Slanders, friars accustomed to,
iii, 404;-of Bancroft, Hittell,
and paisano chiefs, especially,
545, 556-559
Slaughter of horses ordered by
governor, iii, 80
Slaughter of cattle, alleged
wanton, iii, 557-559, 637, 654-
660
Slavery, Indian life under ad-
ministrators, iii, 478;-iv, 178,
nZy see Soldiers, Indians, Ad-
ministrators
Slawianska River, ii, 634, see
Rio
Sloat, Commodore, John D.,
general order, iv, 561-562;-
proclamation, 552-554 ;-retires,
555;-ment., 597, 817
Smallpox carries off Indians,
iv, 321
Smith, H. C, iv, 748
Smith, James Wilcox, iii, 67
Smith, Thomas Jefferson, iv,
682
Smoking among savages, ii, 235
Smuggling prohibited, ii, 630;-
Bandini guilty, iii, 513
Snook, Joseph Francisco, iv,
69, 226, 234
Soberanes, Feliciano, iii, 177;-
buys Mission Soledad, iv,
460, 507
Soberanes, Guadalupe, iv, 481
Soberanes, Jose M., iv, 481
Soberanes, Juan, iv, 481
Soberanes, Mariano, iv, 727
Sobradilla, Pablo, iii, 482
Socialism, Christian, iii, 491
S6cies, Fr. Lorenzo, ii, 519
Society of the Propagation of
the Faith, iv, 789, 790
Socorro, New Mexico, iv, 569
Sola, Pablo Vicente de, ap-
pointed governor, iii, 10;-de-
fends Fr. Quintana, 13-15;-
friendly to friars, 36;-rules
for soldiers, 39-40 ;-to vice-
roy in behalf of friars, 48-
51, 71;-aid received from
Missions, 59-61 ;-lauds Fr.
Martinez, 59-61 ;-exp edit ion
against savages, Zl, 145;-puts
cholos in Mission San Car-
los, 63-66 ;-peevish, 67, 68,
134;-ungrateful, 111-112 ;-on
secularization, 103-104 ;-satis-
fied, 128;-unreasonable, 134-
139;-taxes Missions, 139;-
delegate to Mexican Con-
gress, 150, 158;-receives
money from Missions, 151;-
on dues to Missions, 210;-
ment., 7, 20, 23, 25, 29-34, 58,
91, 121-123, 126, 132, 148, 152,
159, 163, 165, 172, 224, 646;-
iv, 332, 816;-autograph, iii,
50
Solano Mission, see San Fran-
cisco Solano
Solano, or Sonoma, iv, 313, 412
Solano, Suizun chief, iv, 313
Soldiers, purpose at Missions,
ii, 105;-a drawback, 92, 182-
183;-as mayordomos, 112;-
dislike Fages, 114;-married
preferred, 133;-under Neve
despise friars, 291, 358-360;-
insolent, immoral, 360, 384;-
enlisted with bounty, 174,
365-366 ;-should be married,
365;-disdain labor, 470;-after
runaways, 499-508 ;-iii, badly
equipped, 36-37; -regulations
. for, 39-40 ;-dissolute, 35, 63,
66;-ungrateful idlers, 131,
223 ;-"un tamed mules," 233;-
useless, 229-232 ;-quartered at
Mission San Diego, 236, at
San Carlos, 63-66 ;-unable to
subdue Indians alone, 311;-
too many, 330-331 ;-inconsid-
erate, 331;-iv, idle gamblers,
88;-from Mexico not wanted,
72 ;-desperate from want,
105;-poorly equipped, 308;-
disorderly, 360, 485
Soledad, Dona, iv, 228
Soledad Mission, see Mission
Soler, Juan, storekeeper, ii, 132
Soler, Nicolas, military in-
spector, ii, 328, 361 ;-military
commander, 356-357; -foolish
proposition, 430-431;-re-
moved to Tucson, 431-432;-
iii, ment., 253
Soler, Pablo, surgeon, ii, 550
Soils, Joaquin, revolts, iii, 283;-
against Echeandia, 331, 334;-
122
Index
set free, 284-290 ;-mcnt., 285,
286, 289, 296, 298, 301, 302,
328, 343, 357
Solicitude for Indians, Fr. Du-
ran's, iv, 468-469 ;-Governor
Mason's, 593-595, see Friars,
Fathers, Missionaries, In-
dians
Solomon quoted, ii, 524
Solorzano y Pereyra, Juan,
author, ii, 671;-iii, 13, 66, 136,
137, 607-608
Solution of a puzzle, iii, 107
Sombreros, Mexican, iii, 45
Somera, Fr. Jose Angel, ar-
rives, ii, 84;-assigned, 85;-
surrounded by savages, 90-91;
-retires to Lower California,
93
Somerset, Ohio, iv, 682, 688
Somoza, Antonio M., iv, 481
Sonoma, ii, 497;-iii, 178, 180,
184, 466;-iv, M. Vallejo's
realm, 136-138 ;-Indian slaugh-
ter, 129;-Vallejo captured,
542;-Bear flag raised, 542-
543;Ide's proclamation, 544-
545 ;-U. S. flag raised, 555;-
ment, 123, 126, 135, 145, 296,
313-315, 321, 391, 412, 489,
525, 610, 644, 690, 724, 727,
761
Sonora, Mexico, ii, 110, 134,
171, 179, 202, 221, 248, 292,
312, 354, 355, 371, 391, 392,
479;-iii, 392, 393, 396, 417, 471,
488;-iv, 196, 283, 309, 518,
570, 578, 673
Sonora, beginning of diocese,
iv, 196;-ment., /93;-Missions,
ii, 246
Sonora to Monterey, route, ii,
125, 161
Sonora, The, ii, 154-161, 166
Sonorans in revolt at Los An-
geles, iv, 70
Sorcerers hostile to mission-
aries, ii, 169;-vile, 236
Sorentini, Rev. Cayetano, iv,
692, 718
Soria, Francisco, iii, 277
Soria, Fr. Rafael, on confusion
in Mexico, iii, 268;-ment., iv,
213, 214, 221, 296-300;-auto-
graph, iv, 221
Soriano, Rev. Fr., iv, 189-190
Sosa, Fr. Mariano, with three
Zacatecans at San Gabriel,
407-408 ;-confirms, 409;-ment.,
iv, 80
Soscol, rancho, secured by M.
Vallejo, iv, 272;-horsethieves,
314
Sotelo, Ramon, iii, 196
Soto, Antonio, iii, 305
Soto, Francisco, iv, 152
Sotomayor, Fr. Vicente, O. P.,
iv, 515, 676
Sotonocomu, Canada de, iv, 261,
735
Soule, Frank, iii, 630
South Sea or Pacific Ocean,
ii, 3
Southern Pacific R. R., ii, 45, 197
South American rebels, iii, 58,
61
Southern Missions picture of
confusion, iii, 427
Spain and Northwest Coast, ii,
3;-discoveries, see Expedi-
tions ;-cedes Nootka to Eng-
land, ii, 442;-refuses to rec-
ognize Mexican Independ-
ence, iii, 265;-conditions in,
450;-ment., 629, 634, 637;-iv,
aided Missions, 285 ;-recog-
nizes Mexican Independence,
80-81 ;-ment., 11, 627, 688, 711
Spalding, Most Rev. John Mar-
tin, quoted, iii, 628-629
Spaniard, Fr. Garces first,
among Mohaves, iii, 193
Spanish America, mills in,
ii, 261;-Spanish claims in
Church matters, ii, 616-617;-
Cortes of 1813, iii, 137;-dis-
coveries, ii, 160;-Inquisition,
ii, 542-543, 673;-iii. 169, 623-
629;-kings sympathized with
Indians, ii, 428;-king*s su-
premacy in Church matters,
ii, 616-617 ;-Religion not their
first object of Spanish gov-
ernments, ii, 5, 6, 655-660;-
language, medium of com-
munication for Indians, ii,
554;-iii, 610;-laws protected
Indians, iv, 533;-maidens
married no unbelievers, iv,
413-414 ;-born males to be
exiled, iii, 269;-schools or-
dered for Indians, ii, 472
Sparks, Thomas, iv, 234
Index
123
Specimen of liberalized pai-
sano, iv, 426
Specimen demands from
troops, iii, 554-556
Speech, freedom of, iv, 393
Spence, David, iii, 360;-iv, 5,
31, 33, 51, 52, 54, 241, 340, 471,
472, 781, 782
Spinning wheels and looms, at
Missions, ii, 536
Spirit of friars at San Fer-
nando College, ii, 423, 477-479
Spiritual affairs interfered with,
ii, 302-305, 308, 312, 315
Spiritual safeguards of the
Fathers, ii, 630;-iii, 577, see
Retreats
Spiritual results of the Mis-
sions, ii, 593-594 ;-iii, 79;-iv,
527-530
Spoils, wrangling for, iv, 471-
473
Sponsors at Confirmation, ob-
ligations of, ii, 300
Spying on friars, iii, 281-282;-
iv, 784
Squatters must leave Missions,
iv^ 584-585
Squirrel and gopher plague, iii,
80
Stafford, Sister Mary Francis,
iv, 688
Staple products of Missions,
iv, 532, 534, 535
Stars and Stripes at Monterey,
iv, 552-553;-Los Angeles,
561-562 ;-San Francisco, 555;-
Santa Barbara, 558;-San Di-
ego, 560;-Sonoma, 555
State of Church after confisca-
tion, iv, 237-238, 391, 397-401
State of Missions in 1783, ii,
394;-in 1832, iii, 653;-after
confiscation, iv, 98-116, 297-
298
Statehood demanded for Cali-
fornia, iv, 657-659
Statesmen, real, iv, 586, 596-
597
Stations, Mission, see Pala,
Santa Margarita, San Ber-
nardino, Santa Isabel, San
Marcos, San Mateo
Statistics, ii, 301, 394-395, 446-
449, 512, 593-594;-iii, 79, 80,
551, 653;-iv, 80, 185, 322-324,
657, 686; see Tabular Re-
ports, Spiritual and Material
Success of Missions
Stearns, Abel, iii, 360;-iv, 39,
472, 725
Stecker, Martin, iv, 797-799
Steele, Joseph, iii, 254
Steinberger, John B., iv, 753
Stevenson, Jonathan D., ar-
rives with volunteers, iv, 591;
-recommends Hunter for In-
dian agent, 593;-on Pio Pico,
634;-on Pico's dates, 725;-
ment., 590, 603, 633, 635, 636,
641 ;-autograph, 633
Stigmata of St. Francis, ii, 39-
40
Stipends of friars from Pious
Fund, ii, 124, 219, 279, 280,
332, 428, 461-462, 545;-not
paid in cash to friars, 280,
461-462, 540;-Fr. Presidente
and supernumeraries re-
ceive no, 110, 219, 466;-use
made of, 262, 373, 527-528,
578, 648;-begrudged, 523-529;
-due of right, 530;-regarded
as alms, 219-220 ;-iii, 248-249,
265;-how applied, 411, 647,
650;-not sent in cash, 209;-
unpaid, 210, 249;-due to fri-
ars, 560-561 ;-secured at heavy
discount, 560, 561 ;-Figueroa
begrudges, 561-562
Stocks, one form of penalty,
ii, 276, 342, 573-574
Stockraising, agriculture, in-
dustrial arts, not wanted by
Neve, ii, 332
Stockton, Cal., ii, 681;-iii, 37;-
iv, 690
Stockton, Robert F., Commo-
dore, succeeds Sloat, iv, 555;-
raises U. S. flag at Santa
Barbara, 558;-at San Pedro,
558, 568;-Los Angeles, 561-
562;-premature boast, 564,
570;-names Fremont military
commander of California,
563-564 ;-at San Diego, 569;-
will not deal with Flores,
577-578 ;-aids Kearny, 575;-
offers amnesty, 578;-ment.,
565, 571, 579, 817;-autograph,
562
Stokes, Edward, iv, 234, 571
Stonington, The, iv, 564
124
Index
Storekeepers, or habilitados, at
presidios, ii, 132, 578
Stories, false, about friars, iv,
805-812
Straining at gnats, iv, 352, 358.
434-435
Strait of Anian, ii, 439;-of
Juan de Fuca, ii, 438, 469
Strangers in their own homes,
friars, iv, 86-88, 100-102, 160-
163, 180^182, 512-513
Struggle of friars for Indian
wards incessant, iii, 311
Students at Santa Ines semi-
nary, iv, 612
Students, three, receive Fran-
ciscan habit, iv, 707
Stumbling blocks to Indians,
see Soldiers
Stupid notions about monks
and nuns, iii, 517
Subdeacons, first ordained in
California, iv, 257-258
Subjects discussed at first syn-
od, iv, 692-693, 802-804
Submission of friars to con-
fiscation, reasons for, iv, 92-
93
Subprefectures, iv, 123
Substitutes for friars not ob-
tainable, iii, 47, 567
Success, Mission System, ii,
593-594;-iii, 115, 423-424, 551;
-iv, 86-88, 527-537
Succession in California, law
of, iv, 3
Sufferings, dreadful, on march,
ii, 43-48 ;-on voyage, 12-13;-
of Kearny's men, iv, 570-571
Suffragans of Archdiocese of
Mexico, iv, 793
Suisun Bay, ii, 206
Suisun chief Solano, iv, 313
Suisun Indians, ii, 626
Suisun Valley, iii, 178
Sullivan, John, and the first
Catholic Orphanage, San
Francisco, iv, 697
Summary of Mission activity,
iii, 311-314;-iv, 527-537
Summary of the Mission ques-
tion, iii, 311-316, see Nutshell
Sumner, William, iii, 650
Sumtache Indians, iii, 23
Sunday at Missions, ii, 255-256;
-religious instruction, 255,
627, 655;-iii, 613;-holy Mass,
ii, 256
Sunday Mass impossible, ii, 14,
143
Sunday morning at Los An-
geles after confiscation, ir,
650
Sun-dials, ii, 628
Suiier, Fr. Francisco, against
whiskey shop, iii, 132-133;-
will take oath, 244;-wants
passport, 278;-blind, 91, 259,
270;-death of, 290, 560;-mcnt.,
256, 273;-autograph, 132
Siinol, Antonio M., ir, 280, 285,
507
Sunol Valley, ii, 99
Sunset Magazine story, iv, 806-
808
Superfluous official, iii, 253;-
soldiers, see Soldiers
Superiors hampered under
Spanish rule, ii, 81, 145, 274;-
neglectful, 477;-watchful, 626-
627;-iii, 407
Supernumeraries receive no
stipend, ii, 461, 466, 540;-re-
ceive rations, 279, 285-286,
288-291, 461;-ment., 167-168,
215, 219, 367, 382, 395, 501,
545, 632
Superstitious dread of natives,
ii, 614
Supplies furnished by Missions,
iii, 459-460;-specimen de-
mands for soldiers, 554-556,
see Drafts, Contributions,
Chico, Alvarado, Vallejo,
Echeandia, Figuer6a
Supplies for Missions from
Mexico, ii, 109, 132;-spoiled,
114; see Memorias
Supplies from Missions not
obligatory of right, iv, 22, 23,
28
Supply ships, ii, 219
Support of Religion and priests
duty of faithful, iii, 580, 581;-
iv, 395, 608;-in first synod,
692-693 ;-Vallejo's attitude,
248-250, 791-793
Suppression of Missions pro-
posed, iii, 177
Supreme Being, Supremo Ser,
favorite term of paisano
chiefs, but not Christian, ii,
676 ;-iii, 362-363 ;-iv, 32
Index
125
Supreme Council of Indies, ii,
298
Supreme Court organized, but
failed, iv, 127, 390
Supreme Court U. S., decides
against Indians in case of
Warner's Ranch, iv, 642
Supreme Government of Mex-
ico, iv, 3, 5, 7, 14, 15, 16, see
Bustamante, Herrera, Mon-
tesdeoca
Supreme Pontiff, ii, 603-605, see
Popes
Supreme power from God, not
from people, iii, 564
Surgeons and physicians in
California, ii, 451, 550;-iii,
283, see Prat, Soler, Ander-
son
Surprise, agreeable, to friars
and Indians, iv, 596
Survey of San Francisco Bay
etc., ii, 206-207
Suspension of Mission sales
ordered by Mexican Govern-
ment, iv, 501-502
Suspicions about Mission own-
ership, iv, 581
Suso, Fr., of San Fernando
College, iii, 265
Sutil, The, ii, 441
Sutro Heights, ii, 143
Sutter, John A., reports Indian
attack, iv, 315;-enlisted by
Micheltorena, 327-329 ;-pre-
sumption, 414-416;-Indian
agent, 593;-connection with
gold discovery, 609-610
Sutter's Fort, Vallejo impris-
oned, iv, 545 ;-U. S. flag
raised, 555, --Governor Mason
at, 611;-ment., 609
Sweathouses, Indian, ii, 49, 230
Synod, first ecclesiastical, iv,
692, 732;-decrees of, 802-804;-
first in Archdiocese of San
Francisco, iv, 713
System, Mission, origin, ii, 245;
-explained, 242-278 ;-best
adapted for aborigines, 270-
275 ;-adopted, essentially, by
U. S. Govt., 272, 595, 655-657;
-hated by Neve, 330-335;-
Collegc insists on, 433-434,
590;-eloquent defense, 552;-
ment., 369, 579, 586-590;-
hated by paisano chiefs, see
Pico, Alvarado, Bandini, Val-
lejo ;-iv, success of, 86-88,
527-537, 654-655 ;-cause of
happiness to California, 407-
408;-foundation of California
prosperity, 497;-view of Lum-
mis, 530;-influence continues,
533-534;-saved Indians, 649
TaboadsL Fr. Joaquin, discreto,
iii, 465;-iv, 78
Taboada, Fr. Luis, see Gil
Tabular Reports, iii, 652;-iv,
529, 531, 535, see inserts vol.
• • •
111
Tache, rancheria, iii, 23
Ta cub ay a, Mexico, Bishop
Reyes consecrated, ii, 392
Tacubaya, Las Bases Organicas
de, iv, 282
Tacui, rancheria, ii, 680
Taft, William Howard, Presi-
dent, on independence of ab-
origines, iv, 316
Tagatset, Julian, iii, 150
Tagle, Mariano Perez de, ii,
321
Tagle, The, iii, 21
Tahiti, Vicar-Apostolic of, iv,
624
Tahualamne, rancheria, ii, 623
Talayojai, rancheria, iii, 143
Talbot, Theodore, iv, 565, 568
Tale, a strange, iv, 35
Tale-bearers and spies, iv, 420
Tales about friars, iv, 804-815
Talihuilimu, rancheria, ii, 679
Tallow candles at holy Mass,
iii, 74
Tallow, staple product, ii, 591
Talpa, Our Lady of, ii, 153
Tamales, ii, 49
Tamataia (Jamataia), iii, 143
Tampico, Mexico, ii, 487
Taney, Hon. Roger B., Chief
Justice Supreme Court, U. S.,
iv, 732
Tapia, Jose Tiburcio, iii, 196,
251;-iv, 124
Tdpis, Fr. Estevan, writes mu-
sic, ii, 256;-arrives, 453;-at
Santa Barbara, 498 ;-f acuities
for presidios, 542;-eIected to
succeed Fr. Lasuen, 548;-
crushing reply to Goycoe-
126
Index
chea's charges, 551-565, 577-
578, 580;-presideiite, 596-597;-
founds Mission Santa Ines,
601 ;-vicar-f o r a n e, 607-608 ;-
names places for retreats,
630;-on baptism of heretics,
641-642;-ment., 599-602, 607-
610, 612-614, 616-620, 623, 632,
633, 641-643, 646-648, 650;-iii,
resigns, 3;-at the Canon Fer-
nandez council, l52;-on false
philosophy, 220;-on oath of
allegiance, 220-221 ;-death of,
226;-ment., 19, 54, 179, 214,
219;-iv, 815;-autograph, ii, 647
Tarahumara, Mexico, iii, 488
Tarragona, Spain, iii, 621
Tar aval, Sebastian, Indian
guide, ii, 135, 192, 193, 195,
197-199
Tarazon, Indian, ii, 507
Tartar features of Indians, iii,
130
Task, regular, at Missions, ii,
562
Taslupi, rancheria, ii, 680
Taulamne, rancheria, ii, 681
Tayiyas (islay), a fruit, ii, 567
Taxation, unequal, iii, 186-187
Taxes of settlers, ii, 592
Taxes, exorbitant on Missions,
iv, 275, 377, see Missions,
Contributions
Teach and preach, freedom to,
iv, 44
Teachers scarce, ii, 474, '-iii,
325, 398, 614;-among paisanos,
399;-salaries, 242
Tecate, rancho, iv, 308
Tecolote, rancheria, ii, 682
Te Deum Laudamus, ii, 75, 178,
179, 206, 369Hii, 31, 157,
216, 278;-iv, 61, 74, 11, 260,
261, 484, 663, 708
Tegilque, rancheria, iii, 143
Tehachapi (Tejon) Pass, ii, 622,
623;-Range, ii, 197
Telame (Tulame), ii, 623, 682;-
iii, 23, 26
Telemaque, iii, 232;-iv, 111, 781
Telles, Rafael, iv, 285
Temblores, Rio de, ii, 90, 91
Temecula, rancheria, iii, 144;-
iv, 182, 352
Temple, John, purchases Mis-
sion Purisima, iv, 460
Temple, Pliny F., iv, 725
Temporalista, opponent of tem-
poralities, ii, 488
Temporalities, Mission, dis-
tasteful to friars, ii, 420-421,
487-489, 532;-loathed, iii, 268-
269;-first attack on, 216;-
friars eager to be rid of, 374,-
376, 438-439, 492, 538-540,
553, 556-557 ;-ment., 6-7, 116-
117, 130;-iv, Fathers willing
to cede, 27, 64
Tenagre, in partibus infidelium,
iv, 202
Ten Commandments aban-
doned, iv, 782;-annoying to
Liberals, iv, 419-420
Tennessee, Bishop Alemany in,
iv, 687
Tennesseean adventurer, iv, 60,
128-129
Tenorio, Ignacio, iii, 299
Ten years to convert Indians,
ii, 266, 269;-iii, 137
Ten years' service, ii, 424, 442-
443, 432
Ten years. Missions exempt
from taxes for, iii, 136-138
Tepic, Mexico, ii, 84, 108, 127,
167, 278, 320, 528,-iii, 16, 56,
139, 148, 151, 248, 407, 415,
443, 557, 560;-iv, 26, 73
Teran, Serior, iv, 208
Territorial assembly, first, iii,
169, see Assembly
Territorial districts, iv, 390
Territory secured for Spain
through missionary friars, iv,
536-537
Test of practical Catholicity,
iii, 317
Testimony before Land Com-
mission, iv, 733
Testimony on treatment of
priests and nuns in Mexico,
iv. 797-799
Testimony of paisano chiefs
and henchmen unreliable, iv,
426, 427,
Texas, mission history of, ii,
264;-Missions, 246;-ment., 87,
479;-iii, 465;-revolt, iv, 19,
428;-Santa Anna defeated, 73;
-in the Union, 428;-ment.,
71, 269. 283, 405, 473-475. 481,
542, 629
Text of Buta Cruzada, iii, 620
Index
127
Thanksgiving Day Proclama-
tion, first, iv, 661-662
Thanksgiving Masses, ii, 16,
133, 160, 178, 213, 320, 468;-
iii, 147
Third Degree and Inquisition,
iii, 624-625
Thebes, Egypt, iv, 289
The Hague Tribunal on Pious
Fund, iv, 405
The Californian, first news-
paper in California, iv, 563;-
ceases publication account of
gold fever, 610
The California Star, first news-
paper in San Francisco, iv,
563;-suspends on account of
gold fever, 610
Thieves fall out, iv, 126-127
Thomas Nowlan, The, iii, 302-
303, 334
Thompson, creditor of Mission
Purisima, iv, 356, 364
Thompson, R. A., iv, 732
Thornton, Sir Edward, decides
Pious Fund Case, iv, 695
Thrashing grain, ii, 260
Thurston, H. J., iv, 737
Thurston, S. R., iv, 661
Thwaites's reprint of Pattie's
"Narrative," iii, 283
Tiberius, Emperor, iv, 46
Tiburcio, Indian, ii, 507
Tierney, Rev. R. H., S. J., iv,
797
Tijeras in Portola's march, ii,
47
Tile and brick making, ii, 560-
561
Time needed to civilize sav-
ages, iii, 533, see Ten years
Tithe collectors appointed by
Bishop Diego, iv, 247;-resign,
256
Tithes, ecclesiastical, conceded
to King of Spain, ii, 671;-iv,
175;-collected by government
officials, 106
Tithes, Diezmos, which see, ii,
460, 592, 671;-iii, 122, 395;-
requested by Bishop Diego,
iv, 239-240 ;-pastoral on, 247-
248;-regulations for, 247;-
collectors, 256, 412, 422;-fail-
ure, 246, 247, 255, 391;-pas-
toral by Fr. Rubio, 608;-at
first council, 692-693, 803-804;
-ment., iii, 395, 494
Titles to Indian lands, Fr.
Duran urges regulating, iv,
464, 467
Title deeds to Mission prop-
erty, iv, 502-504 ;-sample. Mis-
sion San Buenaventura, 509-
511
Title deeds, fraudulent of Pio
Pico, see Pico, Land Cases
Titles, extravagant, iv, 391
Titles of honor not denied, iv,
586; see Gentlemen
Tizcareno, Fr. Angel, iv, 224
Tobacco distributed to In-
dians, ii, 192, 198;-sale of
in various forms, 591
Tobar, Jose, ii, 320, 325, 370,
395
Toca, Jose Manuel, ii, 474
Todd, William L., iv, 542
Todos Santos Mission, Lower
California, ii, 79
Tolling bell at 3 p. m., iii, 45,
see Bell
Toluca Decrees against Catho-
lic Church, iv, 796-797
Tonsure and Minor Orders, iv,
304 ;-conf erred first time in
California, 228
Topipabit, rancheria, iii, 39
Toral, Pedro, ii, 121
Toribio, Archbishop, iii, 42
Toribio, Indian, ii, 507;-iv, 452
Tornel y Mendibil, Jose M.,
Minister of War, iv, 223, 270,
503;-to Jose Castro, 485-486;
-circular, 750, 758, 772 ;-ment.,
481
Toro, Jose del, ii, 121
Torquemada, Fr. Juan de, ii,
54-55, 130
Torquemada, Thomas, O. P.,
iii, 625
Torre, Gabriel de la, iv, 481
Torre, Joaquin de la, iv, 481
Torre, Jose de la, iii, 185, 215
Torre, Raimundo de la, iii, 300
Torrens, Fr. Juan, ii, 626;-iii,
3, 53
Torres, Francisco, iv, 70
Torres, Manuel, iv, 135-137
Torres, Fr. Ascensio, Merce-
dario, iv, 238
Tortillas, ii, 49
Tract Fifteen, iii, 626, 629
128
Index
Trade, foreign and domestic, iv,
416;-regulations, ii, 590, 591;-
restricted, ii, 133, 224, 436-
437, 514-515 Hoolish regula-
tions, iii, 20;-relaxed, 82-83
Traders, English, iii, 168
Traders and Indians, ii, 570-571
Trades and mechanical arts at
Missions, ii, 261-262, 560-563,
637
Trading among Indian tribes,
ii, 194, 196
Traducers of missionaries, ii,
246;-iii, not scrupulous, 258
Training schools at Missions,
first, ii, 258-275 ;-continuance
due to San Fernando Col-
lege, 332, 382
Traitors to Religion, ii, 264
Transportation cost, ii, 280
Transports, supply ships, ii,
219, 437
Traveling without guard, mis-
sionary, iv, 776
Traveling, means for, lacking
to friars, *iii, 47, 54;-advanced,
not refunded, 73 ;-f or Zacate-
cans, 443;-for foreign priests,
iv, 622-624, see Viaticq
Treachery of Indians, ii, 157,
see Indians ;-of p a i s a n o
chiefs, iv, 326, 360, 423, 424;-
of Pio Pico against Victoria,
iii, 361-362 ;-of Jose Castro
against Micheltorena, iv, 326-
327
Treason against Mexico by Al-
varado, iv, 64-65
Treatment of missionaries by
Cortes, ii, 342-343 ;-by Neve,
358-361, see Rations, Fr. Ser-
ra;-at Monterey, ii, 182, see
Echeandia, Castro
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo,
iv, 744;-Gov. Mason's Proc-
lamation, 630-632 ;-of San Fer-
nando, 329-330 ;-of Santa Te-
resa, 326
Tribunals of justice lacking, iv,
50
Tribunal of Penance, iv, 783
Trigueros, Mexican Minister,
iv, 255, 256
Trillo y Bermudez, Francisco,
ii, 659
Trinidad, Rev. Eugenio de la
SS., ii, 646
Trinidad, Puerto de la, ii, 155;-
rancheria, iii, 38
Trinity County, iii, 147
Tristan, Bishop Estevan Lo-
renzo, on Patronato, ii, 463
Triunfo, ii, 491, on route of Fr.
Santa Maria
Triumph of missionaries, ii,
428-429 ;-of Mission System,
iv, 274;-short, of Rivera, ii,
212
Troops necessary evil, ii, 425;-
composition of and duties,
450-451 ;-ungr at eful, iii, 125-
127;-destitute, 17;-supplies
for, 19;-Fr. Duran's generos-
ity, 338;-needs of, oppose con-
fiscation, 492-493; -American,
iv, 589, see also Soldiers,
Guards
Troy in ancient Greece, iv, 289
Truxillo, Most Rev. Fr. Man-
uel M., ii, 446
Tubac, Sonora, ii, 110, 125, 134,
135, 137, 182, 191, 199
Tucson, Arizona, ii, 175, 191,
366, 531
Tucuman, Peru, ii, 342
Tulare Lake, ii, 196, 621, 679
Tulare River, ii, 623
Tulare Valley, ii, 681;-iii, 22, 24,
25-29 ;-iv, 322
Tulares, ii, 196, 621;-iii, Mis-
sion proposed, 78;-ment., 22-
30, 34, 37, 116, 204, 205;-iv,
311, 565, 638, 648
Tulares Indians, ii, 601, 620;-
killed by epidemics, iii, 26,
28-29 ;-iv, 322;-hostile, iv,310,
313;-converts from, iii, 23
Tunctache, rancheria, ii, 623
Tunisumnes Indians, iv, 216
Tuohuala, or Hubal, iii, 24
Tuolumne River, ii, 681;-Coun-
ty, iv, 690
Tupai, camp, ii, 679
Turks less cruel than California
oppressors, iv, 111
Tutelage of Indians, ordinary
duration, ii, 532, see Ten
Years ;-of Indian girls, 250
Tuthill on Indians, ii, 224-225,
384
Twelve Apostles of Mexico,
iv, 303
Twenty-five blows the limit,
iii, 478, see Flogging
I»d«x
129
Two Mile Slough, ii, 625
Two missionaries necessary at
Mission, ii. 82, 124, 247, 279,
280, 331-335, 418, 427, 523-529
Two reasons for detaining neo-
phytes, ii, 264, see Runaways
Tyler, Daniel, Mormon Elder,
iv, 589-591
Tyler, President John, iv, 428
Typical land grant cases of Pio
Pico, iv, 747-771
U
Ugarte y Loyola, General Ja-
cobo, ii, 406, 419, 425, 448,
455, 544;-iii, 643, 646;-auto-
graph, ii, 419
Uholasi, rancheria, ii, 623
Ukiah, Cal., iii, 147, 609
Ultramontanes, political party
in Spanish C6rtes, iii, 95
XJlulatos Indians, iii, 146
Uluqui (Coias, Cuit), ii, 240
Unalaska, ii, 438
Unclaimed land only may be
granted, iii, 387
Unequal taxation, iii, 186, see
Taxation
Unfortunate change in Mexi-
can government, ii, 292-293
Ungrateful Indians, iv, 378-379;
-paisanos, 285-288 ; - 1 r o o p s ,
iii, 167, see Troops, Soldiers,
Guards, Indians
Unhappy republic and charac-
ter of men at fault, iii, 515;-
iv, 794-799
Union of Church and State,
correct and false views, ii,
463;-in Spanish dominions,
81, 455, 603-607, 673
Union with God not prevented
by worldly cares, ii, 532-533
United States brings peace to
California, iv, 493;~declares
war on Mexico, 550^551 ;-flag
raised at Monterey, 550-553;-
at San Francisco, 555;-at So-
noma, 555;-at Santa Barbara,
558;-at San Diego, 560;-at
Los Angeles, 560;-respects
people's Religion and the
rights of Indians, 506, 554;-
free from cruelty to Indians,
596;-requires no oath of al-
legiance, 598-599, 605-606
United States Government
learns lesson, ii, 267*281;-
aids Indians, 337;-iii, 373 ;■*
adopts Mission System in
reser'^ations, see Reserva-
tions ;**<ment, 112, 129
United States District Court,
San Francisco, and land
cases, iv, 746-771
United States Senate Report,
50th Congress, iv, 533
Unjust arrangement, iii, 387-
393;-iv, 381-396
Unlawful use of Pious Fund,
ii, 655-660
Unnecessary display of force,
iii, 288
Unpaid drafts, iii, 210, see
Drafts, Contributions
Unpaid stipends, iii, 210, see
Stipends
Unpatriotic Californians, iv, 475-
476
Unprincipled legislators, iv, 36,
see Assembly
Unreasonable demands, iii, 188,
see Contributions, Supplies,
Soldiers
Unscrupulous Pio Pico, iv, 367
Unselfishness of San Fernando
College, ii, 423, 477-479;-iii,
47-51
Unselfishness of friars, ii, 281-
283, 286, 322-326, 459, 467;-
iii, 14-15, 120-121, 374-378,
383-384, 396, 558-559;-see Fri-
ars, ^ Fathers, Missionaries,
Missions
Unwise trade restrictions, ii,
436-437
Unworthy ecclesiastics, ii, 640-
6Sl;-iii, 267;-friars, ii, 479-
487
tJres Mission, Sonora, ii, 190
Uria, Fr. Francisco Xavier, at
San Fernando Mission, ii,
496;-iii, story about, 196;-
disheartened, 233 ;-'ref uses
oath, 244;-^t San Buenaven-
tura, 259;-ill at Santa Bar-
bara, 290;-death, 466, 560,
568;-ment., 89, 195, 197, 270,
273;-autograph, 195
Uria, Fr. Jos^ Antonio, ii, 640
Urselino, victim of Indian at-
tack at San Diego, ii, 169
I30
Index
Ursiia, Rev. Fr. Filomeno, iv,
617-618
Usson, Fr. Ramon, as chaplain,
ii, 161 ;-retires, 132
Usurpation of Echean^ia, iii,
347-350 ;-of Figueroa, 522-
523;-of assembly, 530-531 ;-of
comisionados, 582-587, 594-
595;-of Pico's assembly, iv,
373-376;-of Pio Pico, 445-450
Utica, N. Y., iv, 696
Utopian view, iii, 469
Uturituc, Arizona, ii, 175
Vacation of neophytes at Mis-
sions, ii, 264-265, 500, 505,
554, 566-567
Vaccination, iv, 321
Vahca, San Miguel Mission
site, ii, 495
Vagabond class, some colon-
ists, iii, 506-507, see Branci-
forte
Valadez (Valdez), Gervisio, iv,
221, 263
Valcarcel, Domingo, ii, 121
Valdes, Cayetano, ii, 441
Valdez, Rt. Rev. Pedro Diaz
de, iv, 522
Valdez, Felix, iv, 326
Valencia, Gabriel, iv, 242, 244,
481
Valentine Robert G., ii, 271
Valladolid, Spain, iv, (^21
Valle, Antonio del, iii, 155,
205, 484;-iv, 148
Valle, Ignacio del, iii, 362;-iv,
124. 273, 285, 340, 343, 353,
477, 725
Valle de San Jose ii, 177, 195
Valle de San Juan Bautista, ii,
667
Vallejo, Ignacio, mayordomo,
ii, 390;~corporal, 491 immor-
ality of, 515;-insults Fr. Ca-
tala, 531
Vallejo, Jose de Jesus, brutal
to Indians, iv, 153-1 54 ;-ment.,
91, 124, 133, 312, 751
Vallejo, Salvador, insolence of,
iii, 584;-ment., 582;-cruel to
Indians, iv, 313-314;-ment.,
542
Vallejo, Mariano Guadalupe,
glimpse of his character, ii, |
56;-his calumnies, 248, 347;-
iii, ignorance, 160;-first pub-
lic appearance, 252;-veracity,
254, 257, 656;-wild story, 303;
-ensign, 305, 306;-freethink-
er's jargon, 370-373, 485;-pre-
varicator, 449;-loudest enemy
of Missions, 454-455, 459-460,
485;-falsely accuses Fr. Mer-
cado, 461-462 ;-himself ac-
cused, 462-463;-unconscious
confession, 485;— windbag,
485 ;-takes Mission Solano
estates, 535;-significant ad-
mission, 553;-wicked fabrica-
tion, 557;-malicious charge,
570-571 ;-awful conditions un-
der him, 582-589;-Indians
slaves, 586-588 ;-goes unpun-
ished, 590-591 ;-silly vanity,
592-593 ;-Don Quijote, 593;-
his force, 593;-worst slanders
from him, 594;-brave against
helpless priests and Indians,
593-594 ;-his schooldays, 614-
615;-ment., 107, 159, 251, 281,
300-303, 327, 333, 365, 366,
368, 369, Zn, 414, 471, 478,
481, 510, 545, 581, 589, 596,
631, 646, 656, 657;-iv, verac-
ity, 40;-age, 54;-brave at dis-
tance, 57-58 ;-conf esses con-
spiracy, 62-64 ;-military com-
mander, 58^59, 75-77, 127;-
accused, 69-70 ;-arrogance, 96-
97;-dunned by Fr. Moreno,
95 ;-confiscates Mission Santa
Clara, 92-93 ;-massacre of In-
dians, 129-130 ;-household at
Sonoma, Indians peons, 136-
137, 155;-in plunder of Mis-
sions, 133, 137-138 ;-disgust
with administrators, 139;-
lieutenant-colonel, 124, 126,
269;-abuses Hartnell, 178-
179;-silly boast, 249; -com-
pensated, 272;-on Alvarado,
125-128, 268-269, 546;-on Pio
Pico, 328;-with Castro, 482;-
looks how wind blows, 326;-
refuses to support Religion
and ministers, 248-250, 257,
791-793 ;-queer Catholic, 225,
399, 682;-boorishness, 773,
774;-alleged respect for
Church, 774-780 ;-Don Quixote,
781;-pupil of Voltaire, 307,
.*
4
Index
131
779, 784, 794;-cause of ruin,
320;-captive, 542, 54S;-pro-
tests against name San Fran-
cisco, 563;-Indian agent, 593;
-on Indian treatment, 129-
130, 639-640 ;-lesson from
Gov. Mason, 644;-why hos-
tile to friars, especially Fr.
Duran, 97, 773-782 ;-def ends
Fr. Duran, 787, 789;-his "His-
toria," 783;-ment, 12, 13, 18,
38, 53, 56-58, 60, 68, 73, 76-77,
104, 112, 145, 182, 184, 215,
Idl, 271, 273, 308, 313, 367,
389, 393, 398, 422, 481, 482,
488, 492, 508, 520, 576, 596,
639-641, 643-644, 783
Valley, Sacramento, iii, 146
Valparaiso, Chile, ii, 651;-iv,
615, 624, 625, 663
Value of Missions to territory,
ii, 274;-iv, 536-537
Value of early paisano testi-
mony, iv, 426, see Veracity
of Vallejo, Osio
Vancouver, George, on Indians
of north, ii, 231-232;-lauds
friars, 232, 469;-on soldiers,
469-470;-ment., 156, 471;-iii,
131;-iv, on Mission fruits,
534;-ment., 614
Vandalia, The, iv, 564, 565
Vara, Spanish yard measure,
ii, 147
Vargas, Manuel, ii, 474
Vasquez, Tiburcio, iv, 177
Vastida, Jacinta de la, mulatto
grandmother of Pio Pico, iv,
634
Vecino, Fr. Francisco, discreto,
iv, 722
Vega, Fr. Manuel de la, ii, 525
Vega, Ramon Lasso de la, ii,
474
Vega del Rio del Pajaro, iii,
646
Velasco, Fr. Marcelo, iv, 676
Velez, Fr. Jose, ii, 361, 382
Velicata, or San Fernando Mis-
sion, Lower California, ii,
15, 68, 118
Venadito, Juan Ruiz de Apo-
daca, Conde de, viceroy, iii,
52, 54, 61, 67, 91, 105
Venegas, Francisco Javier,
viceroy, ii, 647;-iii, 61-62, 12,
76 ;-autograph, 62
I Venegas, Rev. Miguel, S. J.,
historian, ii, 54, 55, 224, 297
Venezuela, ii, 371
Venisse, Rev. Edmund, C. SS.
CC, iv, 716
Ventura, Indian, ii, 199
Ventura County, iii, 646
Vera Cruz, Mexico, ii, 110, 296
Veracity of Alvarado, Vallejo,
paisano chiefs generally, iii,
254, 257, 552, 656;-iv, 426
Verbo sacerdotis, tacto pectore,
Fr. Serra swears, ii, 309;-Fr.
Lasuen, 462
Verdugo, Domingo, iv, 34
Verdugo, Jose Maria, iii, 645
Verdugo, Manuel, iv, 228
Verdugo Rancho, iv, 329
Verger, Fr. Rafael, guardian,
ii, 109, 138, 145, 293;-appeals
to viceroy, 295 ;-presents Fr.
Serra's documents, 305-306;-
consoles Fr. Lasuen, 389-390;
-opposes abuse of Pious
Fund, 657, 658;-named Bish-
op of Linares, 371;-on con-
quest of California, 653-655;-
ment., 366;-autograph, vol. i,
420
Vergerano, Jose Maria, killed
at first Indian attack, ii, 21
Vestal Virgins venerated in
pagan Rome, iv, 799
Vestments etc., needed, ii, 113;
-contributed, 84;-second-
hand, 118
Vexations suffered by friars,
ii, 498-505 ;-iv, 236, see Neve,
Fages, Sola, Echeandia, Goy-
coechea, Figueroa, and later
governors
Viader, Fr. Jose, at Fr.
Lasuen's death, ii, 596;-pro-
tests against flogging of In-
dian women, 615;-expedition
for Mission sites, 624-625;-
iii, objects to mere drafts,
125-126 ;-describes condition
at Santa Clara, 126-127;-
threatens, 224;-refuses oath,
244;-on colonist indifference
to Religion, 316-317 ;-retires
to San Juan Capistrano, 452
departs for Mexico, 466
ment., 156, 190, 272, 300, 465
autograph, 317
132
Index
Viatico, or traveling expenses,
u, H. 544-547, ^6-627. sec
Traveling Expenses, Stipends
Viaticum, Holy, administered
on march, ii, 45, 46;-on board
ship, 151
Vibiana, St., Virgin, Martyr, Rel-
ics of at Santa Barbara, tv, 717
Vicar-Apostolic for Lower
CaHfomia, iv, 664
Vicar-General of North Cali-
fornia, iv, 690, 693-694 ;-of
Monterey diocese, 718
Vicario castrense, ii, 541-542
Vicario foraneo, first, ii, 541;-
title attached to office of
presidente, 541, 607;-iii, 4,
84;-iv, 79, 120-122
Vicars-Cjreneral to Bishop Di-
ego, iv, 515-518
Vice-Patronato, ii, 302, 417,
418, 420-421, 672
Vice-Prcsidente, ii, 128, 405
Vice-Prefecto, first, iii, 84
Viceroy a'ssigns Mission
names, ii, 82;-misinformed,
106;-decides in favor friars,
289, 295;-no authority in
Provincias Internas, 293;-
lauds missionaries, 582-583;-
asks views of friars on col-
onization, 511
Viceroyalty, another, in Mex-
ico, ii, 292-293
Vices, Indian, ii, 240-241 ;-in-
crease with white intercourse,
ii, 503, see Indians
Victims of sectarian bigotry,
iii, 650-652
Victims of Pico and confeder-
ates, iv, 512
Victoria, General Guadalupe,
iii, 159;-President of Mexico,
213, 221
Victoria, Manuel, appointed
governor, iii, 346-349 ;-reports
on Padres, 353;-suspends
Echeandia's decree, 354;-
takes oath at Monterey, 354;-
refuses to call assembly, 355;
-praises missionaries, 356-357;
-writings of, 356;-disciplina-
rian, 358-359 ;-revolt against
him, 358-359 ;-motive for re-
volt, 357, 361, 402;-brave, but
rash, wounded, resigns, 364,
402;-ill at San Luis Rey, 410;
-departs, 365, 409, 4U:-ment.,
337, 363, 368, 372, 373, 401,
402. 408, 414, 41S» 467, 471,
476, 504, 590;-iY, went., 13,
53, 63, 71, 105, 183, 252, 327,
334, 344, 376, 420« 816
Victory, barren, ia Mexican
Congress, iii, 406
Vida del P. Junipero Serra by
Fr. Paloo, ii, 404
Vid41, Mariano, ii. 174, 179, 182
Vila, Capt. Vicente, ii, 9, 11,
17, 18, 55, 80-81
Vilarrasa, Fr. Francisco Sadoc,
O. P., accompanies Bishop
Alemany, iv, 682, 688;-at San
Carlos, 690;-at Monterey,
692;-congratulates Fr. Jose
Jimeno, 707-708 ;-ment., 709
Villa, Diego, iv^ 263
Villa, Jose Maria, iii, 289, 300
Villa, Mariano, iv, 481
Villa, Francisco, Mexican ban-
dit leader, iv, 251, 580, 783;-
congratulates Villareal, 795
Villa, Maria del Rosario, iv, 34
Villapuente, Marques de, iv, 242
Villare41, Antonio, I., anti-
Christian decrees of, iv, 794-
795
Villaruel, Francisco, ii, 219
Villaverde, Rev. Jose, ii, 370,
395
Villavicencio, Jose de, iv, 148
Villistas, graduates of Voltair-
ian school, iv, 107, 794
Vinals, Fr. Jose, at Fr.
Lasuen's death, ii, S96;-pro-
curator, 626
Vincennes, The, iv, 318
Vindication of Mission Sys-
tem, ii, 270, see Missions
System
Vineyard La Mayor, iv, 265-
266, 736
Vineyards destroyed, iii, 661-
662;-iv, 3, 590
Vino, Alejo, ii, 78
Vinyes, Fr. Vicente, O. P., iv,
709
Virginia, State, ii, 267
Virmond, Henry E., iii, 248,
277, 560;-iv, 225, 241
Virtues, Indian, ii, 241
Visalia, Cal., ii, 621, 623;-iii, 23
Visitation, canonical, ii, 626,
630;-iii, 41, 576-577
Index
135
Vitoria, Ft. Marcos Antonio,
refuses oath, iii, 244;-lauded
by Echeandia, 270;-ment.,
40S;-iv, 20^21, 78-79
Vizcaino, Ft, Juan, chaplain on
San Antonio, ii, 10;-wounded
by Indians, 18, 20 ;-re tires
ill, 60, 61, 63
Vizcaino, Sebastian, explorer,
ii, 3, 4. 54, 55, 62. 73, 74, 75,
130, 146
Vocabularies, Indian, iv, 611
Vocations to priesthood, iii,
343
Voltaire, F. M. Arouet, maxim
against Religion, iv, 794;-his
spirit guides Pico and con-
federates against Missions,
493, 505, 799;-ment., 267, 699,
777 '7S2; works confiscated,
iii, 170-171 ;-ment., 209, 318,
319, 362, 544, 623
Voltairianism iii, 219, 221, 301,
606, 646;-effects of in Mex-
ico, 794-799
Voltairians, ii, 330, 585;-iii, 172;
-iv, 730
Volunteer friars, ii, 82, 361,
375, 376, 533, 544;-iii, always
on hand, 47
Vote of thanks to Fr. Duran
and Bandini, iv, 372-373
Votes of assembly for Santa
Anna, iv, 284
Vow to Our Lady of Bel^n,
ii, 160
Vows, St. Francis takes his
vows, ii, 68
W
Wages for artisans, ii, 127, 535;
-of Indians at Missions, 262;
-at presidios, 570;-of serv-
ants of missionaries, 125;-of
soldiers, 122-123, 174
Walker River, ii, 198, see Rio
Walla-Walla, Wash., iv, 615
Walsh, ..Rev. Robert, C. SS.
CC, iii, 651
Want of food, ii, 100, see Food
War between Spain and Eng-
land, ii, 295, 390, 539-540;-
betwcen Spain and France,
464-465;-between United
Statics and Mexico, iv,^ 405,
473-475, 550-551 ;-contribu-
tions, ii, 390, 540, 647, see
Donativo;-on religious Or-
ders, iii, 93-94;-<!m Religion
in Mexico, iv, 699, 794-799
Ward, gfuardian's duty to, iv,
371
Warner, J. J., iv, 641-642
Warner, H. W., iv, 572
Warner's Ranch, iii, 143;-iv,
571;-Indian claim to reject-
ed by U. S. Court, 642
Warren, The, U. S. sloop, iv,
551
Washington, D. C, Bishop
Alemany at, iv, 732;-ment.,
555, 569, 609, 631, 636, 663,
695, 729, 793
Washington, George, first
Thanksgiving Day, iv, 662
Watches, silver, prohibited to
friars, ii, 628, 629, 632
Water-mills, ii, 261;-wheel, ii,
261
Watsonville, Cal., ii, 41, 46,
144 --iv 815
WaveVly,' The, iii, 650
Way of Cross in Lent, ii, 627;-
iii, 263
Way to satisfy colonists pro-
posed by Fr. Durin, iv, 107-
108
Weakness of Mexican Govern-
ment, iv, 75-76
Wealth of Missions exagger-
ated, iii, 122, 225, 415, 425,
629-637 ;-as claimed impossi-
ble after 1811, p. 631
Weapons, Indian, ii, 230
Weavers at Missions, ii, 561,
see Missions
Weaverville, Cal., iii, 147
Weaving woolen cloth, ii, 536,
561, 637
Weeks, James W., iv, 643, 724
Welcome to Bishop Alemany,
iv, 682
Wells-Fargo Express, iv, 791
West Coast discoveries, ii, 154-
160
Whales in San Pablo Bay, ii,
97
What California escaped
through U. S. flag, iv, 794-799
Wheat cultivated by Yumas, ii,
193
Wheels of early cart, ii, 260-261
Whipping not regarded de-
grading by Indiatis, ii, 342;-
134
Index
at Missions, 276-277 ;-liniit of
blows, 628;-iii, not permitted
to guards, 40;-as applied by
Fathers, 14;-not opposed by
neophytes, 455 ;-not degrad-
ing, 455-457 ;-abolished, 455;-
as applied by comisionados,
iv, 153;-recommended by
Gov. Mason for horsethieves,
643;-in Delaware, ii, 276
White child, first, born in
California, ii, 176
White woman, first, in Cali-
fornia, ii, 176;-in Santa Clara
Valley, 203
White colonies fail, ii, 513-514
White population in 1790, ii,
450-451 ;-attended from Mis-
sions without compensation,
iii 49 394-395
White River, ii, 199, see Rio
Whites too shrewd for Indian
simplicity, iii, 389
Whitewater, Cal., ii, 666
Why Franciscans were re-
moved from Missions, iv,
137-138;-Missions not re-
stored, 96, 99;-neophytes not
freed, 100 ;-wi eked stories
circulated, 808;-savages ab-
hor Christian Religion, iii, 435
Who ruined the Missions, iv,
96
Wicked scheme fails, iii, 505-
511
Wild charges, iii, 246^247, 485,
see Vallejo, Calumnies
Wild fruits and seeds, ii, 567
Wilkes, Charles, on colonists,
iii, 132;-on missionaries, iv,
319-320;-on Indians after
confiscation, 316-320 ;-on Sut-
ter's assumption, 414-415
Wilkins, John, iii, 598
Will, last, of Governor Arril-
laga, iii, 8-9;-of Gov. Fig-
ueroa, 598
Willamette, Oregon, iv, 614
Willard, Charles Dwight, ii,
265-266
Willey, Rev. S. H. Protestant
preacher, iv, 659
Williams, Sister Berenice, iv,
697
Willow Pass, Cal., ii, 98
Wilson, Bery, land grant from
Pico, IV, 725
Wilson, James, in Land Com-
mission, iv, 731
Wilson, John, signs petition
for Bishop, iv, 234;-pur-
chases Mission San Luis
Obispo, 460
Windbag M. Vallejo, iii, 593;-
iv, 778
Windmills in Spain, ii, 638
Wine for altar and table pur-
poses, ii, 576;-iii, 80, 571-572
Winter burn, Rosa V., iv, 805
Wiping out Missions, Pico's
mania, iv, 351
Wisconsin Indian language, iii,
609
Wise proclamation, iv, 553-554
Wolves cause damage, iii, 81
Woman, Indian, frightens neo-
phytes, ii, 613-614
Woman, first white in Cali-
fornia, ii, 176;-writers excel
in shady fiction, iv, 810
Womanhood, glory of Catholic,
iv, 810
Women, early California, pre-
fer foreign husbands, iv, 414,
416
Women's Clubs Federation at
Santa Barbara, iv, 810
Women's work at Missions, ii,
261, 560, 563-564, 638;-penal-
ties, 628
Wood, Capt. G., iv, 782
Woody Point, ii, 152
Woolen cloth woven at Mis-
sions, ii, 536, 561, 637
Work of Fathers undone, iv,
452, see Sale of Missions,
Pio Pico
Work at Missions, ii, 258-263,
560-564, 628;-under Vallejo,
iii, 587;-iv, 117;-at presidios,
ii, 561-563
Workman, W., purchases Mis-
sion San Gabriel, iv, 508;-
ment., 725
Works, literary, of Fr. Palou,
ii, 404;-of Fr. Lasuen, 552-
581, see Sketch of;-of Fr.
Sit jar, see Vocabulary ;-of Fr.
Arroyo, see Vocabulary ;-of
Fr. Boscana, 225-241 ;-of Fr.
Senan, 226-241
Worship, Divine, dear to
Christian, iii, 579;-expenses
reduced to minimum by Mis-
Index
135
sion enemies, 519;-iv, 42;-
bond of society, 350;-must be
maintained, 202, 349-351, 372,
396, 461, 466, 468, 693, 730,
736;-at Missions upheld for
Indians and whites, 397-398;-
whites derelict, iii, 394-395
Worry of latter day mission-
aries, ii, 267
Worst part of Portoli march,
ii, 38
Worthless soldiers, ii, 425;-iii,
81-82, see Soldiers, Guards
Wrath of the Castro gang, iv,
422-426
Wright, George W., iv, 660
Wrongs against Indians and
Missions cry to heaven, iv,
111, 112, 114, 115, 117, 118,
see Indians, Missionaries,
Missions
Xayuase, rancheria, ii, 623
Ximenez, Fr. Diego, ii, 174
Ximenez, Cardinal Francisco,
iii, 626
Yaguelame, rancheria, ii, 680
Yakima Indian Agency, Wash.,
iv, 537
Yamnonalit, site of Santa Bar-
bara, ii, 369
Yankee shoes, iii, 131
Yankees, iv, 556-557
Yarns in Bancroft's Collection,
iv, 426 ;-Valle jo's 775;-of pai-
sanos, 334-335, 426;- wicked,
about priests, 806-812
Yerba Buena, iv, 178-179;-
founded by Figueroa, 266-
267;-changed to San Francis-
co, 178, 551, 555, 563;-U. S. flag
first raised, 555;-elections at,
563;-first church, 615-616;-
ment., 390, see Alemany
Yerba Buena Island, ii, 492
Yerba Buena, partido, iv, 390
Ynestrillas, (Inestrillas), Fr.
Sebastian de, discreto, ii, 361,
382, 519
Yorba, Antonio, iii, 646
Yorba, Tomas, assembly, iii, 327,
365
Yorkish Rite Masons, iii, 267;-
iv, 104
Yorkinos and Escoceses, Free-
masons, iv, 104
Young Californians misguided
by Jos6 M. Padres, iii, 349-
350
Youth, remarks on, iii, 566
Yturrate, (Iturrate), Fr. Dom-
ingo, ii, 534
Yuba City, Cal., iv, 654
Yucatan, Micheltorena coman-
dante-general of, iv, 330
Yuma City, Arizona, ii, 139
Yuma, Fort, Cal., ii, 189, 200,
352
Yuma Indians, cultivate wheat,
ii, 136, 193;-aflFection for Fr.
Garces, 199-200 ;-provoked to
massacre, 352-357 ;-ment., 139,
176, 189, 368
Yuma vocabulary, iii, 609
Yunate, rancheria, ii, 623 i
Zacatecan Franciscans (Zaca-
tecanos) come to California,
iii, 307, 351;-first four at San
Gabriel, 407-408 ;-attempt by
way of Lower California, 442-
444;-Fr. Diego with ei^ht at
Monterey, 445, 446;-assigned,
452;- glad to depart, 552;-
ment., 410, 420, 453-454, 494,
551, 570, 578, 605-606, 659;-
iv, free to join Bishop, 297;-
number at various dates, 120,
237, 697;-three depart, 451;-
asked to take Lower Califor-
nia, 672, 675-676 ;-ment., 14,
38, 79-80, 88, 140, 188, 189,
214, 219, 227, 267, 278, 280,
296, 301, 302, 320, 380, 408,
418, 427, 428, 612, 674, 793
Zacatecas (Guadalupe) College,
ii, 246;-iii, 73, 307, 453, 465,
496, 552, 580, 605;-iv, 620, 664,
690, 697, 699, 710
Zacatecas, Mexico, iii, 125, 442,
443;-iv, created a diocese,
224;-ment., 299, 670, see Col-
lege of Guadalupe
Zalampii, Indian, iii, 585
Zalvid^a, Fr. Jose Maria de,
slandered, ii, 277;-with expe-
dition to Tulares, 621-622;-
ij6
IflifeK
route taken, 679-681 Hii, re-
fuses oath, 344;-on Echean-
dia's plan, 419-420 ;-reffafded
as saint, 540;-nient., 237, 270,
300, 539, 540;-iT, at San Luis
Rey, 358;-Bancroft on, 526;-
death, 525-526 ;-ment., 180, 237,
279, 323, 515;-autograph, ii,
621
Zamorano, Agustin V., arrives
with Echeandia, iii, 251, 301;-
secretary to Echeandia, 241,
348;-acting governor, 366;-
recognized in north, 366, 415-
416, 466;-lauded by Victoria,
467;-ment., 432, 530, 552;-iv, ■
162, 536, 816
Zamorano^ Luisa, iv, 162
Zanesville, Ohio, iv, 666
Z&nja, on route of Fr. Santa j
Maria, ii, 491
Zapopan, College, iv, 89, 188
Zeal of friars, ii, 498, 504, 610,
612, 618, 620, 639;-of Fr. Gar-
ces, 192;-of Fr. Serra, 167,
220-221, 300, 317, 396-399, 401 ;
-of Fr. Gil, iii, 30-31 ;-K>f Fr.
Payeras, 78 ;-of Fr. Sarria, see
Fr. Sarria ;-of Fr. Duran, 341-
342;-of Fathers generally, 22-
30, 48-51, 142, 183;-heroic of
Fathers Arroyo and Sarria,
290
Zestaja, Juan, iii, 17
Zumpango de la Laguna, iv,
404
Zuloaga, Felix, Mexican Pres-
ident, iv, 699
Zuniga, Buenaventura, ii, 565
Zuiiiga, Jose de, 366, 450
SUPPLEMENT TO VOLUME I.
Since the publication, in 1908, of the first volume of "The
Missions and Missionaries of California," we have endeavored
to ascertain the whereabouts of Mission Registers which
would enable us to present a more accurate list of the Domini-
can Fathers who labored in the Missions of the Peninsula of
Lower California. In this * particular the Jesuit and Fran-
ciscan periods leave nothing to be desired. Owing to the
disappearance of the baptismal and other records from these
missionary establishments, however, and for the reason
noted on page 513, volume i, it was impossible, at the time,
to avoid gaps in the account of the Dominican administra-
tion. Through the kind interest of the Rev. 'Fr. James
Reginald Newell, O. P., we are now in the happy position
of being able to supply the desired items with regard to a
few of the said Missions, as the follow letter shows:
St. Dominic's Priory,
2390 Bush Street,
San Francisco, May 2nd, 1916.
Dear Fr. Zephyrin:
"I received your letter. It was from July 1887 to March
1888 that Fr. William Damflin, O. P.,^ and I were down in
Lower California. We were earnestly desired to go by
Bishop Mora of Los Angeles, and he gave us the most ex-
tended faculties for our mission.
"Besides other Pueblos in the Peninsula, we held exercises
^ Fr. William was widely known among the Indians of Upper
California, where he baptized a great many of them, notably in
Mendocino and Lake counties. He also baptized as many as two
hundred, it is reported, among the Yuma Indians on the Colorado
River. These had been previously instructed by the Sisters of St.
Joseph, then iti charge of Fort Yuma school. Set *The Francis-
cans in Arizona." We met the Rev. Father but once in Salt Fran-
cisco about the year 18S9, as far as our recollection gats.
it
it
138 Supplement to Volume I
for a week in the Old Missions San Telmo,* Santo Tomas,
San Ramon,* San Vicente, San Rafael,* Santo Domingo, and
El Rosario. We considered this last to be the end of the
chain of Dominican Missions,^ at least on the west coast of
the Peninsula. Below it is the Desert of San Fernando, and
we felt we had had hardships enough.*
"The few records — ^merely of baptisms, marriages and
interments — were lying around uncared for; and Fr. William
packed them up and took them to Benicia. There are
statues and pictures of Dominican Saints and subjects in
some private houses in the Missions, but the possessors will
not part with them. There is hardly an)rthing left of the
Missions.
"We usually held services in what must have been the
Mission bam or stables. An old Indian whom the Fathers
on departing from the Peninsula had left in charge at El
Rosario told us that a certain lawyer from the Capital of
Mexico represented himself as commissioned to take away
the church furniture — candelabra, etc., and the Indian let
him have them; and I presume this kind of transaction
occurred at other Missions also. The good red tiles covering
the better class of private houses at the Missions must have
been taken from the roofs of the church and monastery;
and hence the walls of the Mission buildings have melted
away under the action of the rains.
'Wishing you every success in your researches,
'Yours fraternally,
Fr. Jas. R. Newell, O. P."
The precious records taken to the Dominican monastery
at Benicia, where we examined them, comprise the baptismal,
marriage and death registers of Mission San Fernando de
' These had been stations, visitas, or asist^ncias of real Mis-
sions. See volume i.
* It was the last, counting from north to south, but the first
established by the Dominicans coming from the south.
*The late Rev. Antonio Ubach of San Diego, who had traveled
for several hundred miles into the territory, dissuaded the writer
from making a trip, as it would result in nothing but hardships.
Supplement to Volume I 139
Velicata, founded by Fr. Junipero Serra May 14th, 1769 ; the
baptismal, marriage and death registers of Mission Rosario,
founded by the Dominicans in 1774; the baptismal and death
register of Mission Santo Domingo, established by the Do-
minicans in 1775 ; and the death or burial register of Mission
San Vicente Ferrer, begun by the Dominicans in 1780.' Con-
cerning these Missions, therefore, some details can be sup-
plied, as well as the names of the priests who were in charge
or officiated at any time.
MISSION SAN FERNANDO DE VELICATA.
Baptismal Register. This precious volume shows that sav-
ages applied for admission in crowds from the very begin-
ning. Fr. Miguel de Campa y Cos, whom Fr. Junipero Serra
had named first missionary, on June 13th, 1769, only one
month after the opening of the establishment, baptized nine
adult Indians and three children. The first one on the list
was a male Indian forty years of age, who received the name
Juan Nepomuceno. Three days later, June 16th, Fr. Campa
baptized numbers thirteen to thirty-five. June 21st found the
zealous Father admitting to Mother Church by Baptism the
nos. 36 to 90. On August 11th nos. 91 to 108 were added to
the mission family. Generally, just as soon as ready, several
were baptized together, for the adults had to be instructed in
the rudiments before the Sacrament could be administered.
On April 14th, 1770, the same Fr. Campa, for he was alone,
baptized nos. 196-225; and two weeks later, April 27th, he
added nos. 239-259. By the month of February, 1772, when
relief came, less than three years after the founding of the
Mission, Fr. Campa's Baptismal Register contained the en-
tries of 390 Indian names. This was a feat, indeed, for the
missionary had also to provide for the subsistence of the
neophytes.
In February, 1772, the Franciscan Fathers Antonio Linares
and Vicente Fuster arrived. The former entered his first
convert, number 391, on February 16th; his last entry was
dated September 27th, 1772, with no. 426. Fr. Campa's last
• See Tolume i.
140 Supplement to Volume I
entry was made on May 2nd, 1772. Fr. Joseph Angel F<er-
nandez Sottiera, a Franciscan on his way from Upper Cafi-
fomia to Mexico, baptized no. 425 on September 27th, 1772.
Fr. Fuster began his ministry with nos. 395-397 on March
19th, 1772, and continued alone from September, 1772, until
June 13th, 1773, when he entered no. 468.
The Dominicans now took charge. Fr. Miguel Hidalgo's
first entry is dated July 2nd, 1773, when he baptized no. 469.
With him arrived Fr. Pedro Gandiaga, who entered no. 474
on July 24th, 1773. Both toiled faithfully together until
April 27th, 1777, when Fr. Hidalgo made his last entry, no.
1533. Meanwhile other Fathers frequently assisted the resi-
dent missionaries. The Franciscan Fr. Benito Cambon, who
had been waiting for the permit from Governor Barri to
transport mission goods to Upper California, baptized one
Indian on July 3rd, 1773, and entered the record as no. 471.
Fr. Francisco Galisteo, O. P., seems to have been stationed
here for a while. His name appears from December 25th,
1773, to February 3rd, 1774, during which period he baptized
nos. 573-601. Other Dominicans were Fr. Manuel Garcia,
Mardi 18tii, 1775, with no. 819; Fr. Manuel Perez during
June and July, 1775, when he baptized, on various dates, nos.
908-917, 923-928, 991-994, these last on July 25tfi; and Fr.
Francisco Galisteo, September, 1776, when he entered no. 1508.
An event was the appearance at Mission San Fernando of
the Very Rev. Fr. Vicente de Mora, Vicar-Provincial and
Presidente of the Lower California Missions, for the purpose
of holding the canonical visitation. His Auto-de-Visita, or
certificate of the visitation, with Fr. Manuel Perez as secre-
tary, was dated June 24th, 1775. His Paternity also baptized
on two occasions, June 19th and 21st, when he added to the,
list of converts nos. 900-907, 918-922.
The period from August 1st, 1775, to September 1st, 1776,
appears to have been the banner year of the Mission, as far
as new converts are concerned. During these thirteen months
Fathers Hidalgo and Gandiaga alone baptized five hundred
Indian adults and children, for we find that Fr. Frjuicisco
Supplement to Volume I 141
Galisteo on his arrival entered no. 1508 on September 30th,
1776.
After the departure of Fr. Hidalgo in April, 1777, Fr.
Gaindiaga appears to have been alone until August 5th, when
Fr. Josef Die? Bustamante ® entered his first Baptism, no. 1540.
Jujne 13th and 14th, 1778, Fr. Domingo Gines baptized nos.
1569-1570. Fr. Manuel Perez made only one entry, no. 1582,
on December 3rd, 1778.
On October 21st, 1780, Fr. Presidente Vicente de Mora
records his visitation at Mission San Fernando. Fr. Gan-
diaga is styled "Misionero Doctrinero," that is to say, the
missionary in charge.
No. 1655 was entered on March 5th, 1781, by Fr. Joaquin
Valero* He appeared once more on June 23rd, 1782, with no.
1693. Fr. Jose Diez's last entry is dated July, 1780, adding
no. 1639. Fr. Manuel Perez is again found baptizing July
28th, August 6th, 1780, and March 3rd, 1782, on which last
date he entered no. 1681.
The new Vicar-Provincial and Presidente of the Missions,
Fr. Miguel Hidalgo, visited the Mission accompanied by his
secretary, Fr. Manuel Perez, on October 13th, 1782, according
to the Auto-de-Visita.
Thereafter Fr. Gandiaga appears to have enjoyed the as-
sistance of various Fathers who sometimes remained with him
for months. The first was Fr. Antonio Luesma, whose first
entry, no. 1709, is dated December 23rd, 1782; his last, no.
1715, bears date of January 19th, 1783. Fr. Juan Antonio
Formoso was stationed here at two periods. The first ex-
tended from June 12th, when he baptized no. 1791, to No-
vember 5th, 1785, when he closed with no. 1801 ; again from
January 25th, when he entered no. 1869, to June 8th, 1788,
when he entered no. 1886. Fr. Formoso had a beautiful hand.
Fr. Pedro Azevedo next appears in the baptismal register with
no. 1887 on July 2nd, 1788, but disappears after entering no.
1908 on April 26th, 1789. Fr. Thomas Marin remained from
February 21st, when he baptized no. 1900, to October 24th,
• He tater on dropped "Bustamante" and signed only Fr. Jose
Dicz.
142 Supplement to Volume I
1789, when he baptized no. 2007. Fr. Miguel Abad is found
only twice: December 10th and 19th, 1789, when he bap-
tized nos. 1927 and 1928. Fr. Antonio Sanchez had three
Baptisms, nos. 1933-1935, on April 5th and 7th, 1790. Fr.
Jose Loriente had but one Baptism, no. 1939, June 13th, 1790.
Fr. Gandiaga terminated his long service at San Fernando
with no. 1938 on April 25th, 1790.^ His successor was Fr.
Jorge Coello, who made his first entry with no. 1940, on July
25th, 1790, and seems to have toiled alone for five years, be-
fore another missionary officiated.
An Auto-de-Visita is recorded from a new Presidente of
the Missions, Fr. Juan Chrisostomo Gomez, on January 31st,
1791. It is countersigned by Fr. Caietano Pallas, as secretary.
The next Vice-Provincial, Viqario Foraneo and Presidente
was the same Fr. Caietano Pallas, who with his secretary Fr.
Miguel Gallego examined the registers and entered his Auto-
de-Visita on November 16th, 1794.
Then follow in succession Fr. Mariano Apolinario with no.
2035, July 25th, 1795; Fr. Rafael Arviiia with no. 2050,
March 22nd, to no. 2071, December 31st, 1799; Fr. Vicente
Belda, August 27th, 1797, with no. 2055, and January Uth,
1798, with no. 2057; and Fr. Jose Caulas, October Uth, 1797,
with no 2056, to February 12th, 1798, with no. 2060.
Fr. Antonio Lazaro began his activity on March 6th, 1799,
with no. 2266, and continued until December 23rd, 1804, when
he made his last entry with no. 2098. Transients were the
Fathers Pedro Gonzalez, who had no. 2095, September 21st,
1804, and Jose Portela, who entered no. 2096, September
22nd, 1804.
Fr. Manuel del Aguila took the place of Fr. Lazaro, but
had begun baptizing some time before his departure with no.
2097, on October 20th, 1804. He continued until December
17th, 1806, when he entered a Baptism as no. 3000, which
manifestly was an error, and should probably be 2100, as only
few Baptisms occurred at this stage.®
^ His name appears frequently in the register of Mission Rosario
from January, 1788, to March, 1791, as though stationed there.
* Fr. Presidente Pallas notes the confusion, as will be seen later.
Supplement to Volume I 143
The next Auto-de-Visita is recorded by Fr. Miguel Gallego,
Vice-Provincial, Vicario Foraneo and Presidente, with his sec-
retary, Fr. Jose Miguel de Pineda, on September 24th, 1806.
No baptismal entries were made for sixteen months. The
first, numbered 3001, is recorded by Fr. Ramon de Santos
on April 23rd, 1808. By January 30th, 1811, the last time
his name appears, he had added only eighteen more. Fr.
Bernardo Sola followed on May 4th, 1811, with no. 3020.
His last Baptism, no. 3026, was entered August 16th, 1813.
Fr. Thomas de Ahumada appears from February Sth to Feb-
ruary 10th, 1815, during which few days he baptized nos.
3027-3037. Fr. Antonio Menendez had only three, nos. 3038-
3040, from April 13th to July 10th, 1815.
The last Auto-de-Visita was recorded in the baptismal
register on May 6th, 1818, by Vice-Provincial and Presidente
Fr. Domingo Luna and his secretary, Fr. Felix Caballero.
The last entry of a Baptism was made on June 21st, 1818,
by Fr. Jose Martin (Martinez?). It is numbered 3041.
* * *
Burial Register,^ The first entries are especially interesting
because they give the names of some rancherias, or visitas.
Thus Fr. Gandiaga made note of the first burial in this way:
"No. 1. August 4th, 1773, I gave ecclesiastical burial in the
cemetery of this Mission of San Fernando de Vellicata to
Domingo, the infant son of Juan de Dios and Maria Rosa
of the rancheria of San Luis." Other rancherias specified are
Santa Rosa, San Francisco, De Las Llagas, San Juan de
Dios, Santo Domingo, and San Miguel.
The Franciscan Fr. Pedro Cambon on October 14th, 17th,
23rd, 1773, entered nos. 19-22. He writes "Velicata."
It is unnecessary to name the Fathers who officiated at
burials, as they were the same noted in the record of Bap-
tisms, generally. It is worthy of note, however, that small-
pox epidemics carried off a great many Indians in 1780-1782,
while Fr. Gandiaga had charge of the Mission. For instance,
on March 9th, 1780, he writes that he buried nos. 1007-1020,
• The title page is missing.
144 Supplement to Volume I
March 15th,, nos. 1034-1047, all from Las Uagas; on March
29th, 178(^ nos. 1069^1096^ all from the rancheria of Saato
Domingo. Similar mortality raged at San Juan de Dios.
Many who had put off conversion were thus baptized in
articulo mortis, which would account for the large number
of Baptisms noted during Fr. Gandiaga's administration
especially.
In a note on November 15th, 1782, he offers this infor-
mation: "In the epidemic of small-pox (viruelas), which
occurred in 1781 and continued to the middle of this present
year (1782), I received notice that of said infirmity among
the pagans the subjoined died. I did not then enter the names
in this book because I was not certain of their death; but
now I am assured of their demise." They were nos. 1212-
1230 from San Juan de Dios.
Fr. Gandiaga also notes on August 31st, 1785, that Anna
Gertrud Velasco, wife of Jose Gabriel de Arce, mayordomo
of this Mission, received the holy Sacraments, died like a
truly Catholic Christian, and was buried on the date men-
tioned. She was apparently no. 1380 in the register.
Confusion occurs in the number of burials entered after
May, 1790. The fact is noted as follows in the Auto-de-
Visita of Fr. Caietano Pallas on November 16th, 1794:
"Nota: — Having observed a g^eat disorder in the number of
Indians baptized, dead, and actually existing at this Mission,
and not finding any document with which to relieve my per-
plexity, I by especial decree at the Visitation instructed the
Rev. Fathers Fr. Jorge Coello and Fr. Vicente Belda to make
every possible effort to clear up the matter, and to notify me
so that I can give proper directions."
Names of Fathers not in the Baptismal Register were Fr.
Jaime Codina, who entered no. 1737, on August 19th, 1798,
and Fr. Segismundo Fontcubierta, whose name appears sev-
eral times in April and September, 1800, and January, 1802.
Fr. Lazaro closed the Libro Primero de los Difuntos with
no. 1904 on November 21st, 1802.
The title page of Book II of Burials with the first three
entries is missing. Fr. Lazaro entered no. 1906 on January
Supplement to Volume I 145
10th, 1803. Fr. Jose Duro, whose name does not appear in
the baptismal register, noted his first burial, no. 2036, on
June 20th, 1807. His last, no. 2050, is dated March 26th,
1808.
Fr. Jose Martin, after entering no. 2143 on February 11th,
1816, made this remark: "Recivi esta Mision como encar-
gado de ella el 29 de Julio, 1817." His last entry, no. 2153,
bears date of May 22nd, 1818. The last missionary to enter
deaths in the book was Fr. Francisco Troncoso. His first,
no. 2154, was dated March 6th; the last, no. 2156, bears date
of October 19th, 1821.
Immediately after follows the Auto-de-Visita of Fr. Presi-
dente y Vicario Foraneo Domingo Luna with Fr. Felix Ca-
ballero, as secretary, on May 16th, 1825. One blank page
remains, the rest of the unused leaves were cut out by some
vandal who may have needed paper for cigarettes.
* * *
The Marriage Register of Mission San Fernando de Veli-
cata^® begins with the entry of the marriage of Juan Nepo-
muceno, who had been baptized that same day, June 13th,
1769, with Ana Maria. Fr. Miguel de Campa y Cos officiated.
By October 3rd, 1771, he had blessed ninety-one marriages.
He officiated once more at no. 136, June 26th, 1772. Fr. An-
tonio Linares and Fr. Vicente Fuster bring the number up
to 137 on July 19th, 1772, after which Fr. Fuster officiated
alone until June 19th, 1773, when he entered his last, no. 166.
Fr. Pedro Benito Cambon officiated at a marriage no. 175,
October 23rd, 1773.
The first Dominican to enter marriages was Fr. Pedro
Gandiaga, who officiated on July 12th, 1773, for the couple
numbered 167. The last couple entered in the book was no.
759 on October 3rd, 1814, and it was Fr. Bernardo Sola
who officiated on the occasion.
1® Fr. Campa y Cos spells it Vellicata; but Fr. Linares and Fr.
Fuster have Velicata.
146 Supplement to Volume I
MISSION NUESTRA SEfJORA DEL SANTISIMO ROSARIO.
Baptismal Register. The title page, but fortunately no
entries, is missing. Therefore the exact date of the found-
ing remains a puzzle. From the fact, however, that the
first marriage, it was a Christian couple, was entered in
July, 1774, it may be concluded that operations began in
June or perhaps early in July, on the spot called Viiiaraco.^
The first missionary, and probably the founder, was Fr. Fran-
cisco Galisteo, who on October 16th, 1774, baptized the first
fruits of his activity, two Indian adults and three Indian
children. Fr. Galisteo continued here until December 23rd,
1779, when he baptized no. 752, his last.
Meanwhile Fr. Miguel Hidalgo entered a number of con-
verts during the same month of October, beginning with
October 24th. Fr. Manuel Perez from July to October, 1775,
with Fr. Pedro Gandiaga, assisted Fr. Galisteo ih baptizing
a great many converts. Fr. Gandiaga, for instance, had nine-
teen Baptisms on October 3rd, 1775. While he disappeared
from the list for some time, Fr. Perez continued during Fr.
Galisteo's administration and much longer. The years 1775
and 1776 were the banner period, as may be seen from the
entries of Fr. Jose Aivar, November 11th, 29th, and Decem-
ber 1st, 1776, which number 657-660. Fr. Luis Sales, the
author of a description of Lower California and its inhabit-
ants in three long letters, the only work produced by a
Dominican of early California, baptized but twice, nos. 713,
716, on September 6th and October 4th, 1778.
After Fr. Galisteo's departure, as above, Fr. Perez stood
alone, though other Fathers would come and go, staying only
for short periods. Fr. Miguel Hidalgo at one such visit on
July 8th and 11th, 1780, baptized nos. 773 and 774. Fr. An-
tonio Luesma remained longer. His name appears from
January 22nd, 1781, with no. 782, until May 11th, 1783, when
he entered no. 857.
During this period Fr. Presidente Miguel Hidalgo entered
the first Auto-de-Visita, which Fr. Perez countersigned as
Notario Eclesiastico, on September 25th, 1782.
1 Fr. Galisteo writes it Viiiadaco.
Supplement to Volume I 147
Then follow in succession Fr. Juan Antonio Forinoso, who
on June 7th, 10th, and 24th, 1783, baptized nos. 859-861 ; Fr.
Jose Aivar, who on November 30th, 1783, entered nos. 870-
871 ; Fr. Jose Estevez entering nos. 876-878 on January 28th,
1785, and Fr. Estevez again on July 28th, 1785, with no. 943.
Fr. Formoso and Fr. Estevez appear frequently during
1786 and forepart of 1787, but, as the converts were few, it
is not likely that they were stationed at Rosario. The for-
mer's last was no. 1003, April 14th, 1787; Fr. Estevez's last
entry is dated January 29th, 1787, and bears no. 989. Fr.
Pedro Azevedo at this time, February 28th, 1787, baptized
nos. 990-993.
Fr. Manuel Perez terminated his long and faithful service
with no. 1033 on January 7th, 1788. The reason will be seen
under another head presently. Which of the Fathers took
his place as missionary in charge it is difficult to determine
from the following entries. It would seem that Fr. Gandiaga
succeeded Fr. Perez, but he is found at Mission San Fernando
as well. At all events, according to the register Fr. Pedro
Gandiaga made his first entry in the baptismal record with
no. 1034 on January 7th, 1788; his last, no. 1138, bears date
of March 30th, 1791.
Fr. Formoso entered nos. 1037-1041 from March 15th to
April 20th, 1788. Fr. Azevedo baptized nos. 1049-1051 on
September 8th and 13th, 1788; Fr. Miguel Abad began with
no. 1061 on January 25th, 1789, and closed with no. 1108 on
April 3rd, 1790. Fr. Thomas Marin with no. 1069 appears
only once on April 25th, 1790. Fr. Jorge Coello entered nos.
1109-1111 on April 25th, 1790, and nos. 1139-1142 on April
14th, 1791.
The new Fr. Presidente, Fr. Juan Chrisostomo Gomez, with
Fr. Caietano Pallas as secretary, certified to their presence
for canonical visitation on February 7th, 1791.
Fr. Abad again came to Rosario and entered from May
17th to Augtist 9th, 1791, nos. 1143-1165. He was succeeded
by Fr. Ricardo Texeyro from August 19th, 1791, to Novem-
ber 10th, 1792, during which time he entered nos. 1166-1227.
Fr. Vicente Belda now entered upon the duties of "Minis-
148 Supplement to Volume I
tro" or resident missionary, beginning with no. 1228 on De-
cember 28th, 1792, and continued to August 9th, 1798, when
he baptized no. 1339. Meanwhile Fr. Thomas Marin bap-
tized from no. 1242 on May 26th to no. 1251 on November
27th, 1793. Fr. Juan Maria Salgado's first, no. 1260, is dated
April 23rd, 1794, and his last, no. 1274, bears date of Feb-
ruary 16th, 1795.
Fr. Caietano Pallas, the new Fr. Presidente, wrote his
Auto-de-Visita in the books on November 13th, 1794.
Fr. Ramon Lopez baptized but once, no. 1315, on February
26th, 1797. After Fr. Belda's departure, August, 1798, Fr.
Juan Ribas seems to have taken charge. His name, at any
rate, appears from September 9th, 1798, with no. 1340, to
July 13th, 1802, when he entered his last Baptism, no. 1367.
In the meantime Fr. Antonio Lazaro baptized no. 1347 on
February 24th, 1799; Fr. Jose Caulas, nos. 1349-1351 on
March 24th, and May 13th and 22nd, 1799; Fr. Segismundo
Fontcubierta from May 7th, 1800, to July 23rd, 1801, having
nos. 1357 to 1364; and Fr. Raymundo Escola, who succeeded
Fr. Ribas, beginning with no. 1365 on April 3rd, 1802, and
continuing to August 30th, 1807, when he baptized no. 1393.
An Auto-de-Visita of Fr. Miguel Gallego, with Fr. Jose
Pineda, as secretary, is recorded on September 13th, 1806.
Fr. Jose Caulas took the place of Fr. Escola, entering his
first Baptism, no. 1394, on November 6th, 1807, and re-
mained in charge until May 22nd, 1814, when he baptized
no. 1426. Fr. Antonio Menendez succeeded with no. 1427
on October 30th, 1814, and entered his last, no. 1433, on
August 30th, 1815. The Baptisms were few, hence it is
impossible to say just when a resident missionary arrived or
departed. Thus Fr. Jose Jimeno Vieytez baptized no. 1434
nearly two years after the last entry on March 16th, 1817.
He may have been only an occasional visitor, and the same
might be true of those named later. This would indicate
that the Mission was already abandoned, and treated as a
station of some other Mission.
■
Fr. Jose Martin had only four Baptisms, nos. 1435-1438,
from August 16th, 1817, to March 8th, 1818.
Supplement to Volume I 149
Fr. Jose Duro likewise had only four to enter, nos. 1439-
1442, from September 8th, 1818, to November 21st, 1819.
Fr. Francisco Troncoso entered nos. 1443-1444 on August
8th and 26th, 1821.
Fr. Antonio Menendez baptized no. 1445 on August 10th,
1823.
The last Auto-de-Visita shows that Fr. Domingo Luna,
Vicar-Provincial and Presidente of the Dominicans, made a
visitation with his secretary, Fr. Felix Caballero, on May
6th, 1828.
Immediately after, but three years later, March 20th, 1831,
Fr. Mariano Sosa, Vice-Comisario of the Zacatecan Fran-
ciscans, who with three Franciscan friars was on his way
to Upper California, baptized two persons, nos. 1446 and
1447 in the registers, one of whom was a Yuma Indian
eighteen years of age, named Jose Manuel.
Only one more entry was made in the Register of Baptism,
and this was administered by Fr. Thomas Mansilla, who
baptized nos. 1447-1449 on October 6th, 1844, thirteen years
after the preceding entry.
* ♦ *
Marriage Register. The title page is wanting. The first
entry is that of a Christian couple on July 21st, 1774, which
Fr. Francisco Galisteo had blessed that morning. The names
of most of the Fathers mentioned in the Baptismal Record
are also entered in this book, wherefore there is no need to
repeat them. The last entry, however, in the volume is by
Fr. Thomas Mansilla, who blessed the marriage of a couple
on October 6th, 1844. It is no. 421.
* * *
Burial Register, The title page is lacking. Fr. Galisteo,
however, notes that the book begins July 24th, 1774, though
the first entry is dated January 3rd, 1775. This first burial
was that of a little Indian girl, Mariana, daughter of Chief
Francisco Borja from the rancheria of Socorro.
No. 607 is the record of death and burial of Fr. Manuel
Perez. It reads in the English translation as follows: "On
March 19th, 1788, I gave ecclesiastical burial in the church
150 Supplement to Volume I
of this Mission of the Most Holy Rosary to the body of the
Very Rev. Fr. Manuel Perez of the Sacred Order of Preach-
ers, and missionary of said Mission, who died on the pre-
ceding day at about one o'clock, or a little later, in the after-
noon with remarkable signs of resignation and confidence
in the Divine Will and Mercy. His death appeared very
tranquil and peaceful, as his face was very beautiful and
white, the eyes a little opened and very clear. In due time
and quite conscious he received the holy Sacraments and the
other consolations of the Church required for the last hour.
In testimony thereof I sign on said day, month and year. —
Fr. Juan Antonio Formoso."
The last entry in this volume of deaths, no. 1016, was made
by Fr. Raymundo Escola on August 29th, 1805.
MISSION SANTO DOMINGO.
Baptismal Register. The title ps^e is missing. The first
Baptism was administered to an adult Indian named Andres
Juan on November 30th, 1775, in the chapel, "en su capilla,"
meaning probably the first structure which served as tem-
porary place of worship. No. 2, on the same day, was like-
wise an adult to whom the name Domingo was given. Fr.
Manuel Garcia officiated in both cases. The next, no. 3, a
child, did not occur until June 8th, 1776. Very few entries
could be made. Fr. Garcia records his last, no. 5, on October
25th, 1776. Fr. Jose Aivar seems to have succeeded. At all
events, he enters the next Baptism, no. 6, on March 6th,
1777, and remains on duty until December 28th, 1791, when
he puts on record no. 513.
Meanwhile, a number of Dominicans officiated, and some
for long periods. Fr. Miguel Hidalgo's name appears from
June 9th, 1777, with no. 15, at intervals until June 16th,
1780, when he entered no. 123. Fr. Domingo Gines had nos.
67-74 on May 23rd, 1778. Fr. Luis Sales baptized no. 85
on September 27th, 1778, and no. 102 on July 25th, 1779.
Fr. Jose Diez Bustamante entered only one, no. 134, on
September 9th, 1780. Fr. Manuel Perez likewise baptized
only no. 136 on March 17th, 1781. Fr. Jose Estevez's name
Supplement to Volume I 151
occurs frequently from March 30, with no. 141, to December
21st, 1783, with no. 182.
The first Auto-de-Visita was that of Fr. Presidente and
Vice-Provincial and Vicario Foraneo Miguel Hidalgo on
September 3rd, 1782. Fr. Manuel Perez countersigned as
secretary.
Fr. Estevez again appears on October 9th, 1784, entering
no. 209, until June 12th, 1785, when his last, no. 235, is
dated. We find him once more on September 14th, 1788,
with no. 319. Fr. Pedro Gandiaga had only no. 245 on
August 4th, 1785. Fr. Juan Antonio Formoso entered nos.
251-254 on August 15th and 20th, and no. 300 on April 28th,
1787. Fr. Jorge Coello entered Baptisms nos. 320-323 on
February 5th, April 9th, and July 11th, 1789.
The Auto-de-Visita of Fr. Vicar-Provincial etc., Juan
Chrisostomo Gomez, with Fr. Caietano Pallas, was noted on
February 14th, 1791. On the previous day, February 13th,
he baptized nos. 423-430.
Fr. Miguel Abad succeeded Fr. Jose Aivar and made his
first entry, no. 514, on January 6th, 1792. He remained
until September 16th, 1804, when he baptized no. 768. In the
meantime eight Dominican Fathers entered their names as
officiating at Baptisms. Fr. Thomas Valdellon had no. 558
on January 22nd, 1793, and no. 584 on July 10th, 1794. His
name appears again on July 27th, and August 9th, 1801,
when he baptized nos. 740 and 741. Fr. Antonio Cavallero
could enter only no. 583 on May 20th, 1794.
Fr. Caietano Pallas, now Vicar-Provincial, with Miguel
Gallego, secretary, held the visitation on October 31st, 1794,
noted on the same date.
Fr. Miguel Lopez baptized one, no. 600, on January 8th,
1795 ; likewise Fr. Mariano Yoldi no. 676 on June 1st,
1796; Fr. Jose Caulas no. 702 on February 20th, 1799, and
nos. 75^-760 on November 23rd, 1803; Fr. Juan Ribas no.
702 on May 18th, 1799; Fr. Antonio Lazaro no. 728 on April
4th, 1800; and Fr. Thomas Valdellon, nos. 740-741 on July
27th and August 9th, 1801.
Fr. Jose Miguel de Pineda took the place of Fr. Miguel
152 Supplement to Volume I
Abad and began baptizing on December 19th, 1804, when
he recorded no. 769. He continued until August 24th, 1809,
on which date his last Baptism, no. 814, was noted in the
register.
The Auto-de-Visita of Fr. Vicar-Provincial, Miguel Gal-
lego, with Fr. Ramon de Santos as secretary, follows imme-
diately after no. 788, and bears date of September 2nd, 1806.
Fr. Manuel de Aguila entered but two, nos. 796-797, on
June 23rd and July 6th, 1807. Fr. Ramon de Santos on
March 21st, 1809, baptized no. 812.
The following Fathers appear to have succeeded Fr.
Pineda as resident missionaries in the order given. Fr.
Bernardo Sola from October 9th, 1809, with no. 815, to
January 22nd, 1811, when he noted no. 826, his last. Fr.
Roque Varela from March 28th, 1811, when he entered his
first, no. 827, to March 29th, 1812, which date notes his last,
no. 836. Fr. Jose Duro remained longer. His first entry,
no. 837, bears date of June 14th, 1812, whereas his last,
no. 871, occurred on November 13th, 1819. Fr. Domingo
Luna comes next with no. 872 on May 7th, 1820. His last,
no. 887, was dated November 3rd, 1821. Meanwhile Fr.
Francisco Troncoso, however, had entered no. 884, on
February 21st, 1821.
Very few Baptisms take place after this period, so that it
is not possible to determine whether or not the place had a
resident missionary, or was visited as a station from some
other Mission. Fr. Felix Caballero for the first time appears
in this register with no. 888 on January 14th, 1822. Fr.
Antonio Menendez on two occasions, October 7th, 1822, and
February 15th, 1823, had only nos. 889-893.
Fr. Felix Caballero again entered a Baptism, no. 894, on
August 3rd, 1827. He is the only missionary whose name
appears down to August 1832, unless one leaf which on both
pages must have contained twelve entries, but which is torn
out, may have shown names of other Fathers. At any rate,
Fr. Felix has as next no. 910 with no date; no. 911 on July
8th, 1832 ; and no. 912-913 on August 4th, 1832. Two years
later he entered nos. 930-932 on May 1st and 2nd, 1834. Nos.
Supplement to Volume I 153
924-928 had been baptized by Fr. Thomas Mansilla on July
16th, 1833. Another leaf is missing with nos. 933-936. Fr.
Mansilla entered no. 937 on January 26th, 1835. His last,
no. 955, is dated March 19th, 1839, which is the last in the
book ; but meanwhile Fr. Thomas Extanan ( ?) on April 7th,
1836, baptized nos. 941 and 942; and Fr. Felix Caballero
entered no. 945 on February 27th, 1838.
* * *
The Burial Register begins with the entry of an Indian
adult, no. 1, on December 21st, 1775, by Fr. Jose Aivar.
Besides the names of Fathers noted in the Baptismal
Register, we find that Fr. Pedro Gonzalez officiated at burials
no. 493, October 24th, 1805, and no. 499 on November 14th,
1805. Fr. Antonio Fernandez entered only one, no. 594,
on May 5th, 1812.
As showing the number of dead at this Mission it may be
noted that Fr. Domingo Luna made the first entry, no. 669,
on March 14th, 1820, and his last, no. 691, on August 20th,
1822. Fr. Felix Caballero entered his first burial, no. 692,
on March 7th, 1827, and his last, no. 707, on May 8th, 1828.
The Auto-de-Visita of Fr. Domingo Luna, Presidente, no
date, but doubtless May 8th, 1828, when Fr. Caballero, who
was secretario de la Visita, entered the last burial, is the
last writing in the book ; but blank pages are cut out.
MISSION SAN VICENTE FERRER.
Libro de Entierros, or Death Register, The first entry
was made by Fr. Miguel Hidalgo on September 15th, 1780,
and he continued until January 6th, 1781, when he noted no.
5. Fr. Luis Sales, the author, succeeded as resident mis-
sionary. His first entry, no. 6, is dated October 2nd, 1781,
and his last, no. 66, bears date of February 17th, 1787. In
the meantime Fr. Joaquin Valero entered no. 7 on October
12th, 1781, and his last, no. 35, on April 20th, 1782.
Fr. Miguel Hidalgo, Vicario-Provincial y Foraneo y Presi-
dente, examined the book with his Pro-Secretario y Notario
Eclesiastico, Fr. Manuel Perez, and found "no substantial
defect whatever."' Fr. Ramon, a visitor apparently, also
154 Supplement to Volume I
signs the Auto-de-Visita, which omits the date. It must
have been entered, however, in August or September 1782,
on the Vicario's way down from the north.
Fr. Jose Estevez entered the first time, no. 64, on March
4th, 1786, and the last time, no. 82, on March 1st, 1789,
succeeding Fr. Sales. Fr. Juan Antonio Formoso, however,
had only no. 69 on October 26th, 1787. Fr. Miguel Gallego
followed Fr. Estevez in the administration of the Mission,
beginning to enter the names of deceased Indians with no.
83 on April 9th, 1789. His last, no. 181, was dated July
21st, 1794. In the meantime, Fr. Jose Loriente entered no.
113 on December 3rd, 1790, and continued to February 20th,
1791, when he noted no. 122.
The Auto-de-Visita of Vicario Provincial y Foraneo Juan
Chrisostomo Gomez, with Fr. Caietano Pallas as secretary,
follows immediately after on February 23rd, 1791.
Fr. Miguel Abad entered no. 136 on August 17th, and no.
141 on November 16th, 1791, during which time he may
have lived at the Mission. Fr. Thomas Valdellon seems to
have succeeded Fr. Gallego. He entered his first burial, no.
174, on October 14th, 1793. His last entry, no. 243, is dated
August 26th, 1797.
An Auto-de-Visita was meanwhile entered on October
24th, 1794, by Fr. Vicario-Provincial y Foraneo Caietano
Pallas with Fr. Miguel Gallego as secretary.
Fr. Jose Loriente entered no. 184 on November 15th, 1794,
his first, and his last, no. 191, on May 3rd, 1795. Fr. Mariano
Yoldi had only no. 214 on August 11th, 1796.
Fr. Ramon Lopez followed Fr. Valdellon in the manage-
ment of the Mission, beginning his entries with no. 236 on
April 6th, 1797, and remaining to enter his last, no. 267, on
November 25th, 1799.
Fr. Segismundo Fontcubierta entered his first, no. 248,
on January 19th, and his last, no. 267, on November 25th,
1799. Fr. Valdellon had nos. 285, 286 and 291 on April
26th, and October 3rd, 1801, and March 29th, 1802; again,
nos. 312, 313, on March 21st, and no. 320 on July '22nd,
1803. The intervening numbers show that possibly Fr.
Supplement to Volume I 155
Ramon Lopez was here all the while, as later entries would
indicate. Fr. Jose Miguel de Pineda had no. 340 on June
6th, and no. 355 on October 16th, 1805.
Fr. Jacinto Tiol buried nos. 356-359 from October 25th to
December 13th, 1805; also nos. 385 and 386 on April 18th,
1806, but Fr. Ramon Lopez entered them. Fr. Pineda again
appeared and had nos. 372-374 from December 17th, to De-
cember 24th, 1805. These were also entered for him by
Fr. Lopez.
The Auto-de-Visita of Fr. Vicario-Provincial Miguel
Gallego, with Fr. Tiol as secretary, is dated August 16th,
1806.
Fr. Pedro Gonzalez buried two, nos. 427-428, on April
26th and 27th, 1808.
Fr. Jose Duro's first, no. 429, is dated May 1st, 1808; his
last, no. 486, bears date of January 17th, 1811; but in the
meantime, August 26th and September 4th, 1808, Fr. Manuel
del Aguila entered nos. 433-434. Fr. Antonio Fernandez
succeeded Fr. Diiro, entering his first, no. 487, on March
20th, 1811, and his last, no. 564, on November 15th, 1816.
In the meantime, however, Fr. Pineda had no. 504 on No-
vember 19th, 1812, and Fr. Felix Caballero entered no. 538
on December 15th, 1814.
Fr. Antonio Menendez on April 24th, 1817, entered no.
565 ; then, on September 16th, 1817, he wrote no. 563, which
must be an error. Fr. Jose Martinez next entered, and con-
tinued the error by writing 564 on November 30th, 1817. A
more egregious error is committed by Fr. Felix Caballero.
On March 16th, 1827, he appears next, but his entry reads
no. 806, whereas it should be 568. Fourteen months later
he entered his last, but it is erroneously no. 827, on May
27th, 1828.
The Auto-de-Visita of Fr. Domingo Luna, Presidente, with
Fr. Felix Caballero as secretary, without date, though doubt-
less on the same occasion. May 28th, 1828, closed the register
of Mission San Vicente.
156 Supplement to Volume I
A scrap shows that Fr. Felix Caballero held the visitation
as Vicario Provincial y Foraneo on June 9th, 1835, at some
Mission not named, but after the list of deaths had reached
no. 326.
4c He 3|«
From numerous personal letters, signatures to circulars,
and allusions contained in the eight bound manuscript
volumes, so often quoted as the "Archbishop's Archives," the
presence of various Dominicans at other Missions after the
year 1790 has also been ascertained. It is evident that many
of the Fathers wrote, or were mentioned, as resident mis-
sionaries of the respective Missions. The results of our
researches follow. The dates given are those stated in the
letters or documents.
Mission San Fernando de Velicatd, Fr. Antonio Lazaro,
January 14, 1803 ; Fr. Ramon de Santos, July 10, 1809.
Mission San Francisco de Borja, Fr. Melchor Pons, Feb-
ruary 5, 1803, June 25, 1798; Fr. Antonio Lazaro, No-
vember, 1802; Fr. Thomas de Ahumada, February 17,
1805; Fr. Jose Martin, October 7, 1816; Fr. Juan Maria
Salgado, September 11, 1795, and April 14, 1796, Fr.
Ignacio Ramirez de Arrellano, in charge November 16,
1846 (Santa Barbara Archives).
Mission San Ignacio. Fr. Domingo Timon, habitually ill,
August 22, 1796; Fr. Jose Loriente, Aiigust 22, 1796; Fr.
Rafael Arvina, November 15, 1802; Fr. Juan Gonzalez,
April 16, 1806.
Mission San Jose de Comundu, Fr. Placido Sanz, October 3,
1803; Fr. Vicente Sotomayor, October 22, 1846 (Santa
Barbara Mission Archives).
Mission San Miguel Ar can gel. Fr. Mariano Yoldi, March
28, 1798, and January, 1803 ; Fr. Mariano Apolinario, May
27, 1796; Fr. Miguel Abad, February 21, 1799, and April
1, 1799; Fr. Raymundo Escola, January 14, 1800; Fr.
Domingo Luna, August 13, 1829; August 21, 1833, and
died there August 8, 1833; Fr. Felix Caballero, August
13, 1829.
Supplement to Volume I 157
Mission San Pedro Mdrtir. Fr. Ramon de Santos and Fr.
Jose Portela, May, 1806.
Mission Santo Tomds, Fr. Jose Loriente, December 10,
1794; May 16, 1797; January 26, 1798; March 2 and 18,
1798; Fr. Miguel Lopez, January 26, 1798; May 21, 1798;
and June 23, 1798; Fr. Juan Ribas, July, 1806; Fr. Eudaldo
Surroca, January, 1803. Fr. Tomas Mansilla writes to
Pio Pico, March 23, 1846, about the "Estado inseguro y
inmoral del Norte de California" (California Archives,
Dept. State Papers, vii, 409-411).
Mission San Vicente Ferrer, Fr. Juan Crisostomo Gomez
and Fr. Jose Garcia, May 4, 1794; Fr. Jose Loriente,
March 20, 1798; Fr. Ramon Lopez, January, 1803; Fr.
Tomas Valdellon, January, 1803 ; Fr. Miguel Gallego, April,
May, and July, 1803.
Santa Ana, pueblo. Fr. Rafael Arvina, August 22, 1796;
Fr. Francisco Hontiyuelo from 1795 to November 26,
1804, when there is mention of his permit to retire to
Mexico.
Mission Santa Catalina Virgen y Mdrtir. Fr. Tomas Val-
dellon, January 23, 1798; March 18, 1798; Fr. Jose
Loriente retires August 3, 1798.
Loreto, pueblo. Fr. Jose Herrera succeeded by Antonio
Berraguerro in October, 1793. Fr. Berraguerro, according
to Viceroy Revilla Gigedo, had left without a permit ("Cal.
Arch.,'' tom. xi, 329, Bancroft Collection). Fr. Caietano
Pallas, June 15, 1795, to September, 1798, when he retired
with permit; Fr. Pablo Maria de Zarate, January 13, 1796;
Fr. Vicente Belda, October 29, 1798; January 8, and May
30, 1799; Fr. Rafael Arvina, April, 1803; Fr. Placido Sanz,
January 11, 1804; Fr. Antonio Lazaro, April 22, 1806;
Fr. Bernardo Sola, arrived from Mexico, May, 1806; Fr.
Jose Duro arrived from Mexico, May, 1806.
Mission Rosdrio. Fr. Juan Ribas, January, May 25, 1803;
Fr. Jose Caulas, May, 1806.
Mission Purisima Concepcion. Fr. Antonio Sanchez, Feb-
uary, 1793 ("Cal. Arch.," tom. xi).
158
Supplement to Volume I
Accordingly, the list of Dominican missionaries in Lower
California is as follows:
Dominican Fathers in the Missions of Lower Calif omia.
Abad, Miguel
Azevedo, Pedro
Aguila, Manuel de
Ahumada, Thomas de
Aivar, Jose
Apolinario, Mariano
Armesto, Jose
Arviiia, Rafael
Berraguerro, Antonio
Caballero, Antonio
Caballero, Felix
Caballero, R^afael
Calvo, Joaquin
Caulas, Jose
Codina, Jaime
Coello, Jorge
G)ncepci6n, Antonio
Conouse (?), Jose
Cruz, Romantino (?) de la
Cruzado, Antonio
Diez Bustamante, Jose
Duro, Jose
Escola, Raimundo
Espin, Jose
Estevez, Jose
Extanan (?), Tomas
Fernandez, Antonio
Fernandez, Mariano
Fernandez, Vicente
Fontcubierta, Segismundo
Formoso, Juan Antonio
Galisteo, Francisco
Gallego, Miguel
Gandara, Pedro (?)
Gandiaga, Pedro
Garcia, Jose
Garcia, Manuel
Gines, Domingo
Gomez, Juan Crisostomo
Gongora, Jose Maria
Gonzalez, Gabriel
Gonzalez, Juan
Gonzalez, Pedro
Grijalva, Juan Pablo
Herrera, Jose
Hidalgo, Miguel
Hontiyuelo, Francisco
Lafuente, Jose
Lazaro, Antonio
Lopez, Miguel
Lopez, Ramon
Loriente, Jose
Luesma, Antonio
Luna, Domingo
Mansilla, Tomas
Marin, Tomas
Martin, Jose
Menendez, Antonio
Mesa, (?)
Mora, Vicente
Muiioz, Nicolas
Naranjo, Jose
Pallas, Caietano
Peiia, Bonifacio Gomez de la
Perez, Manuel
Pineda, Jose Miguel de
Pons, Melchor
Portela, Jose
Ramirez de Arellano, Ig^acio
Ribas, Juan
Supplement to Volume I
159
Ruiz, Jose Manuel
Sales, Luis
Salgado, Juan Maria
Sanchez, Jose Antonio
Santolarra, Jose
Santos, Ramon de
Sanz, Placido
Sola, Bernardo
Soldevilla, Geronimo
Sotomayor, Vicente
Surroca, Eudaldo
Texeyro, Ricardo
Timon, Domingo
Tiol, Jacinto
Troncoso, Francisco
Valdellon, Tomas
Valdez, ( ?)
Valero, Joaquin
Varela, Roque
Verduzco, (?)
Vidaurreta, Jose
Vieytez, Jose Jimeno
Villatoro, Jose Garcia
Yoldi, Mariano
Zarate, Pablo Maria de
Zavaleta, Martin
i6o Supplement to Volume I
Corrigenda.
Vol. i.
Page xvii, insert — Signature of Jose Antonio Romeu, 520.
Page 9, line 9 from top, cancel "de Marchena."
Page 25, line 18 from top, read Jalisco for Colima.
Page 128, line 6 from top, 1872 should read 1712.
Page 284, note 25, insert "i" after vol.
Page 274, and later, Bustamente should read Bustamante.
Page 519, line 9 from bottom, March should read April.
Page 567, line 4 from top, August should read September.
Page 593, line 6 from top, read Garza for Garda.
Page 593, line 15, read San Jose del Cabo for Cape San Lucas.
Page 593, note 13, read February 13, for 31.
Page 593, notes 16 & 17 read "Archb. Arch.," for "Sta. Barb. Arch."
Page 604, line 5 from bottom, read 1524 for 1824.
Page 646, Ramon de Lora should be Ramos de Lora.
Page 521 and elsewhere, San Vincente should be San Vicente.
Vol. ii.
Page xxii, line 9 from bottom, after Index insert "a duplicate."
Page 395, line 10 from top, Potoja should be Pantoja.
Page 553, line 4 from top, read nineteenth for eighteenth.
Page 619, line 5 from bottom, abalorias should be abalorios.
Vol. iii.
Page 1 and subsequently, Sarria should be Sarria.
Page 283, line 4 from top, read Joaquin for Juan Solis.
Page 361, line 4 from bottom, read Jose for Juan Carrillo.
Page 373, line 14 from bottom and later, read Santa Anna for Ana.
Page 585, line 14 from bottom, read llamare for llamere.
Vol. iv.
Page xxvi, line 4 from bottom, read 1 for 60, 30th Congr.
Page 199, line 11 from top, read Garduno for Cardufio.
Page 534, line 2 from bottom, cancel "a book reviewer at that."
Page 580 and later, read Kearny for Kearney.
Page 590, line 8 in text from bottom, read Hunter for Hunt.
Page 599, line 7, after Popes insert Pius.
PRESS COMMENTS
Have been uniformly favorable and generous, the reviews occu-
pying from one-fourth to three columns. It will interest those
who invested in the work to know how critics regard "The Mis-
sions and Missionaries of California."
This fourth volume closes the series on the general history of
the California missions by Fr. Zephyrin, which is undoubtedly
the standard work on that subject. . . . There is an ample
Appendix, in which the author discusses various interesting ques-
tions raised in the course of the work. Among these latter
special attention may be called to what is said under the title
of "Mission Tales in Word and Picture" (pp. 804-815), with a
view to correcting and refuting the misrepresentations of the
mission enemies, past and present. . . . The present volume
yields nothing in interest or importance to those which pre-
ceded it. Fr. Zephyrin is as much at home in the later as in
the earlier period, in the byways as in the highways of the
history of the California missions. Of all the works that have
yet appeared on this subject there is none which can compete
with that of Fr. Zephyrin for fullness, accuracy and clearness.
The author has not only a complete grasp of his subject, owing
to his deep and diligent personal researches, his extensive read-
ing and his thorough familiarity with the country, but he has
also a striking element of fairness in handling the succession of
difficult and delicate questions which pass over his pages. — Amer-
ican Catholic Quarterly Review.
The operations of Church and State are so inextricably inter-
mingled in California's development that their separate treatment
is bound to be inadequate; but as the actual results achieved
were mainly the work of the missionaries, the writer who would
do justice to the subject must not only have mastered the docu-
mentary evidence, but be capable of appreciating the missionaries'
motives and viewpoint. For this task Fr. Engelhardt is ex-
ceptionally qualified. . . .
One of the many services rendered by our author is his ex-
posure of the methods and animus of the histories of the Pacific
States, Mexico and Central America, by H» H. Bancroft. This
writer is in no way related, by blood or bent, to George Ban-
croft, whose "History of the United States," in its first edition,
has done some justice to Catholics. H. H. Bancroft wrote only
four of the thirty-nine octavo volumes that bear his name; he
was a managing editor of a corps of hired craftsmen who were
all sceptics like himself. Hence, when describing the missionaries
and their motives, "they talk like a blind man about colors, and
do not hesitate to distort facts so as to make their work
popular."
Fr. Engelhardt does not distort facts. His work is a history,
not an apology nor a panegyric, and yet a story of dramatic
interest. He has sifted the vast mass of documents with an eye
to historical perspective, and set forth the shortcomings as well
1 62 Press Comments
as the merits of secular and religious, Indian and Spaniard. . . .
. . . Merely to hold the book (Vol. IV) for a moment is to
feel that the work was conceived on large and generous plans.
To glance through it, even hurriedly, is to realize that in pains-
taking research, in thorough and scholarly documentation, the
execution is not behind the breadth of view with which it was
undertaken. Like the tireless founders and organizers of the
Missions, his Franciscan brethren whom he describes so lovingly
yet so impartially, Fr. Engelhardt has spared no pains and labors
in his task. He has consulted all the sources at his command
from the standard histories of California, the "Acta Ordinis
Fratrum Minorum," etc., down to decisions in private * land
cases> to the "Libro de Entierros" or burial records of Santa
Barbara. . . . Everywhere is seen and felt the true instinct
and handiwork of the genuine historian whose sole aim, as the
writer says, is "to dig out the facts, arrange them in connected
as well as chronological order, and present them truthfully, clearly
and briefly . . ." The style is clear, direct, businesslike, and
if defective in color, and that intentionally, still quite adequate to
its purpose, the exposition of history. Those who wish to get
clearer ideas of the life and labors of the great Franciscan mis-
sionaries; of Father Duran, the champion of the Indians, of his
difficulties with Pico; of the "Pious Fund," of the "Bear Flag
Revolt," and the first stages of the A^^erican occupation, of the
beginnings of the great dioceses of California, of the discovery of
gold, etc., will find the "Missionaries of California" an authorita-
tive and interesting work which should be in every library that
undertakes to provide authentic history of this country. — America,
New York.
This well documented, and thoroughly digested history of the
California missions will be hailed with delight by all who are
aware of the author's painstaking scholarship and critical acumen.
Among the most valuable features of Fr. Zephyrin's first
volume is a full account of the history and vicissitudes of the
famous "Pious Fund." Nowhere has it been brought out so
trenchantly as here, that one of the principal causes of the
decadence of the Lower California missions was the application
of the Pious Fund to purposes other than those for which it
was designated. Even the Mexican government has been con-
strained to admit this, at least semi-officially (p. 594). . . .
There is (in vol. ii) a very valuable introduction of twenty-six
pages on "The Sources of Mission History." These sources are
mostly unpublished. Fr. Zephyrin has laid practically all of
them under contribution — a truly herculean task! . . .
It is with unalloyed pleasure that we hail the fourth volume of
the series, which continues and concludes the general history
of the missions. Their local history will be told in two or
three volumes yet to be published. In the present volume the
general history of the missions is carried from about 1836 to the
time of Archbishop Alemany, through the changes in territorial
government, the looting of the missions, the cruel persecution
of the Indians, the period of the Mexican War and the discovery
of gold in California, up to the partial restoration of the church
property and what may be termed the beginning of the Fran-
ciscan renaissance. The author tells the facts as he finds them
Press Comments 163
in his sources, of which he has been for a long time a pains-
takingr and careful student. It is a pleasure to see the mission-
aries, their character and methods come out of the ordeal un-
tarnished. It is a pleasure, also, to see many a well developed
historical fable definitely demolished. . . .
His own style is simple, forceful, and concise, and we do
not hesitate to say, far better adapted to the subject-matter of
these volumes than the poetic diction of many a preceding
writer whose work, though laying claim to be history, was in
reality largely fiction. Besides, Fr. Engelhardt has the true
temper of a scholar. He never makes a statement without a
reference, quotes his sources copiously whenever necessary, and,
unlike the late John Gilmary Shea, who omitted all references in
one of his books because he feared other writers would orna-
ment themselves with his feathers, modestly says in his Preface
(p. 6): "Though it will never be known what hardship and toil
the collecting and. reducing of the vast material involved, honest
writers are welcome to avail themselves of it all in the interest
of truth and justice." — The Fortnightly Review, St. Louis, Mo.
In these volumes Fr. Engelhardt has made a most interesting
addition to the literature of California history. The Missions
and Missionaries is not to be confused with the stream of
books for popular use — part pictures and part sentiment — that
issues perennially, responsive to the fascination of the mission
buildings. . . . What he has written is a minutely detailed
account of the activities and vicissitudes of the Franciscans in
the two Californias. . . . As a result we have here a book
that is indispensable to anyone who would fully understand the
single-minded purpose and earnest devotion which led the fathers
of the eighteenth century to relinquish civilization in order that
they might bring salvation to the heathen. In itself Fr. Engel-
hardt's book is a document, of later day than Palou certainly,
but written with the same pen. . . . Apart from the direct
statement of events, this volume contains a chapter on the Cali-
fornia Indians, and two chapters on the mission system, which
students will welcome as giving a full and unequivocal presenta-
tion of the standpoint of the missionaries in regard to their
wards. . . .
As a student, Fr. Engelhardt has spared no pains to make his
volumes proof against errors of fact; he has been assiduous in
making use of the local archives and has visited those in the City
of Mexico. Indeed, not the least valuable part of his work lies
in the introduction on the Sources of California Mission His-
tory in his second volume.
Its fullness of detailed presentation and its frank utterance of
the attitude of the Church, make the volume the most valuable
contribution yet made to the most vexed period of California
history. — The American Historical Review.
As the title implies, the author's labors have been directed
to the compilation in a connected form of all available historical
material relative to the founding, aims and achievements of the
missions founded by the Spanish priests, beginning with Lower
California and thence proceeding northward to what was orig-
164
Press Comments
inally known as Alta, or Upper California, all of wkich is em-
braced in the present State. ...
The work contains much interesting^ detail, and should serve to
preserve a great deal that might otherwise in time be lost or
forgotten. It is the result of much laborious search among
archives of the old missions and numerous libraries, the whole
being well digested and arranged in chronological order. — The
Sacramento Bee.
Fr. Engelhardt's work i^ the first history which has been writ-
ten in full sympathy with the labors of the friars and with care-
ful search of all the authorities. This volume will impress any-
one who reads it with the fairness of the writer and his evident
sincerity in giving the facts. He takes a rational view of things,
and some of his comment on historians who have treated cyn-
ically the work of the priests on this Coast is very caustic.
Certainly he marshals the facts which prove conclusively the
unselfishness of the labors of the Jesuits, as well as the Fran-
ciscans in California. ...
It is difficult for a layman to appreciate this attitude of the
Roman priest, or to estimate the force of such religious zeal in
overcoming obstacles and in inspiring men to endure hardship,
discouragement, illness and even the danger of death by torture.
The feature of Fr. Engelhardt's book is that he brings out
strongly this unselfish character of the Roman priesthood, which
found its finest expression in Father Junipero Serra, the founder
of the Franciscan missions in Upper California. He dwells on
this spirit again and again, and he often calls attention to the
mistakes of secular historians, who evidently were unable to
appreciate that religious zeal may inspire a man to do great
work without any leaven of the commercial spirit that looks to
see whether material profit will follow from his labors. ^ . .
It is a good thing in these days of fierce money getting to
dwell on the work of such men as these Jesuit and Franciscan
priests. — The Daily Chronicle, San Francisco, Cal.
The history of the California Missions, with their romantic
origins and picturesque developments and spectacular vicissitudes,
appeals mightily to both the student and novelist. . . . There
have been those who have woven a romance about this institu-
tion of the Spanish Friars as fascinatingly written as it is false.
The Friars of old did good work with the Indians, but their
success was gauged by the religious spirit which they k^pt alive.
They came to save the Indian, but not at the price of their
own souls. The Friars were able to evangelize the savage be-
cause they had subdued the savage in themselves. Hence, the
slurs cast upon the Friars and their work is not true history —
it is party pleading, playing to the galleries of bigots. . . .
This romance-history is no longer possible. The true hostorical
spirit takes nothing for granted, does not argue "a priori,'^ puts
little store by psychology. It does not seek to preach. It does
not gloat over tales of backstairs gossip. It sets down just
what it finds in the documents at hand; and it uses and inter-
prets these documents.
Here we have the spirit that ensouls the work of Fr, Zephyrin
Press Comments 165
in his four stately tomes. He could not be induced or inveigled
into venturing beyond the documents. . . . But documents
must be interpreted; and he is well qualified to do this. As a
Franciscan Friar, he knows what the Franciscan spirit and ideal
is. . . . Besides this, he knows the Indians. Our author has
lived with the redskins for years, has printed books in the In-
dian dialect. . . . He can understand what the first Friars
had to contend with. He can realize the fickleness of those
who knew not their best friends. Many documents become in-
telligible only in this light of experience. . . . Finally, the
author has lived in these sacrosanct buildings. . . . He knows
why the buildings were built in a given way and in no other.
The four tomes are the result of gigantic labor, but the result
is worth the labor spent. We are now in a position to see a
true picture of the Missions. . . . The work is the last word
on the subject. It is indispensable. It ought to be in every
iplace where men go for truth and knowledge. It might be
profitably read in the history classes of our schools, if for no
other purpose than to show the studious how to write history. —
The Rosary Magazine, Dominican.
In one respect, which must not be undervalued, Fr. Engelhardt's
'^Missions and Missionaries of Calif ornia'* especially excels: clearly
and intelligently, vividly yet gently, the author compresses the
enormous mass into the frame of his work. Only one, who
through years of preliminary study has acquainted himself with
the printed and unprinted material, is able in such a masterly way
to govern the accumulation and put it into the desired form. The
confidence in the author increases the more clearly one perceives
how he conscientiously weighs the reasons and counter-reasons
and endeavors to be just to all. For this purpose the author, by
means of exact and lengthy references to the sources, has ren-
dered it possible for the reader to form an independent judg-
ment. ... In this laborious undertaking the author has been
materially aided by his long experience in the Indian missions,
by his linguistic knowledge, and by his intimate acquaintance with
the literature on the subject. One may, therefore, entertain full
confidence in the historical product of his labors. — Zeitschrift fuer
Missionswissenschaft, Munster, Germany.
The fourth volume of his incomparable work, "The Missions
and Missionaries," has just appeared. As in the other three so
likewise in this one the author faithfully describes the character
of the missionaries, their principles, object, methods, means, tri-
umphs and reverses, but with a mass of quotations and references
that one cannot but say, this is indeed a history. . . . — Revista
Catolica, Jesuit Spanish Weekly, Las Vegas, New Mexico.
Authors, sympathetic and antagonistic, others careful but not
always discriminating, and still others imagrinative, and, in con-
sequence, pot reliable, have written volumes on that ever inter-
esting subject, the missions of California, but it has remained
for Fr. Zephyrin Engelhardt to separate the wheat from the
chaff and to give to history a singularly valuable contribution.
The fact that this work is a churchman's compendium of the his-
1 66 Press Comments
tories of the missions gives it great value as well as unusual
interest. It is singularly free from bias, the author not hesitating
to relate incidents that a narrow mind would not have hesitated
to minimize or omit. . . . — The Call, San Francisco, Cal.
It is not strange that Fr. Engelhardt, who has so faithfully
and carefully culled from every available source regardless of
the individual bias of the writer, has lengthened his history of
the missions and missionaries of California to five or six large
volumes. Fr. Engelhardt gives so minute and authoritative an
account of the explorations, founding and conduct of the mis-
sions and presidios in this Golden State, that his book is inval-
uable to the student. And it will well repay the. casual reader
for resisting any impatience or desire to "get on with the story"
a-nd for perseverance, in the connected and clear grasp of his-
torical events in California that it imparts. — Pasadena Daily News.
Even a cursory examination of "The Missions and Mission-
aries of California" gives one the impression that it is a monu-
mental work; a careful perusal of it convinces him that it is
epochal. At first sight its four large octavo volumes of about
eight hundred pages each, prove disconcerting to the conscien-
tious reader who is somewhat dismayed at the magnitude of the
task before him; but before long he catches the enthusiasm of
the author for the subject and settles down to a profitable and
inspirational study of one of the most interesting and romantic
periods in American history. ...
Father Zephyrin's work is replete with matter of the highest
interest and importance not only to students of Catholic history
but also to the general reader who wishes to know the truth
about one of the most important epochs in American history.
It is a storehouse of historical data gathered by one to whom
the work was a labor of love. His painstaking and conscientious
study has given to the world one of the most valuaSle contribu-
tions we have on the history of California. — The Catholic Bul-
letin, St. Paul, Minn.
In this extensive and authoritative record of the work of
Catholic missionaries we are made to realize the first triumphs
of the Catholic Church over the American Indian. Being an his-
torian, Fr. Engelhardt discusses in a frank manner the scandals
which occurred, and discovers where the guilt belongs: in the
unjust and uncalled for interference of state authorities. The
holiest work is soon brought to destruction when the Church is
betrayed into the hands of political conspirators, for her work
is the salvation of souls and not the balance of power among
political parties. — The Exponent, Dayton, Ohio.
Fr. Engelhardt has prepared a work of great utility, of great
interest, and of a high order of scholarship. . . . No library,
Cathplic or other, should be without a copy of this great work.
— Catholic University Bulletin.
Press Comments 167
• Another most welcome visitor. . . . The work of Fr.
Zephyrin is beyond question the most accurate and scholarly
presentation of this absorbing theme; at the same time, its su-
periority takes nothing from its popular interest. To the general
reader, as well as to the student, the work appeals. . . . All
the matter is drawn from authentic sources, a fact which gives
the books a value beyond estimation. — Notre Dame Quarterly,
San Jos^, Cal.
Volume I, completed chiefly from original sources, presents
very fully and accurately the history of California missions and
missionaries from the period of early voyages and discoveries
pertaining to the Pacific Coast to the present time.
The founding .of the early Spanish missions is narrated with
exceptional care and detail and this is followed by a very com-
plete history of the development and scope of religious work
under the Jesuit Fathers, the Frianciscan Order and the Domini-,
can brotherhoods. The volume is an interesting and valuable
record of the missionary work accomplished through these relig-
ious orders and of the debt the United States owes these zealous
pioneer churchmen for their successful labors in civilizing and
Christianizing the Indian tribes resident along the western coast
of the New World. The volume is carefully indexed, and will
be valuable as a library of reference. — The Baltimore Sun.
Fr. Engelhardt has made a valuable contribution to the his-
torical literature of the country in his present work. Written in
a pleasing, Rowing style, it gives evidence throughout of deep
research into the oldest and most authentic documents relating
to the subject, and affords a treasure house of information to the
student of early Spanish-American history. The story is told
with all the straightforward simplicity characteristic of the Fran-
ciscan monk, whose object seems rather to place the facts of
history in an orderly and intelligible light, than to effect a work
aiming at the applause of men. The whole work is full of
absorbing interest. Its fairness will win for it a hearing from
all readers regardless of creed, for its story is to'ld frankly and
without bias. It is a book that should be found in every library.
We hope, indeed, that the Reverend author will find time yet to
place a compendium of its contents before the public. — The Pilot,
Boston, Mass.
The facts are compiled from original sources, designed to give
the reader full and accurate information about the most interest-
ing period of the country's development, and the author has
accomplished his purpose in a manner that admits of no doubt.
Father Engelhardt's style is clear and luminous. He marshals
his facts with remarkable skill. Not only has he caught the spirit
of the early missionaries who played such a conspicuous part in
their day and generation, but he has transferred it to the pages
of his book, and the glorious tale of unselfish love and devotion
to duty loses nothing in the telling. To the student of history
the author's work contains a veritable mine of information. It
is written in a spirit of fairness and the interest of the intelligent
1 68 Press Comments
reader never flags as the wonderful story is unfolded, proving
the truth of the old adage, "Truth is stranger than fiction/' — ^The
Daily Register, Watsonvillc, Cal.
As regards his present contribution to missionary history, the
author may appropriately say of himself, with the Royal Prophet
David, in the Forty-fourth Psalm: "My heart hath uttered a
good word: I speak of the things whereof I know, my tongue is
the pen of him who is a ready writer." "The things whereof I
know" of Fr. Zephyrin are the heroic deeds, the zeal and priestly
sacrifices of the early missionaries of Lower California; and his
work will be what Thucydides called a "Ktema es aei — 3, pos-
session forever" to all future students of the missionary history
of California. . . . The author aims all through his work to be
historically accurate; he has methodically arranged and put to-
gether the material which he found scattered here and there
among the early writers; brushed the dust and mildew from
valuable bits of ancient chronicle, and has given us an invaluable
work which, from its intrinsic merits, ought to be found in every
library in America, and among the collection of every scholar.
No man who has not read "Missions and Missionaries of Cali-
fornia," may claim familiarity with the ecclesiastical literature
of America. The work is entitled to classic honors. — The Inter-
mountain Catholic, Salt Lake City.
This splendid work should adorn every Catholic library in the
United States. It has been compiled from original sources, giving
it a historic value that is inestimable. The story of the early
voyages and discoveries of the missionary fathers in California
has all the charm of romance and all the fidelity of fact. Unless
one has some knowledge of the heroic work of the pioneer mis-
sionaries in the United States, it is almost impossible to obtain
a clear idea of the splendid growth of the Church from a tiny
seed in what might be termed barren ground. The reverend
author, living amid the scenes hallowed by the memory of saintly
Jesuit, Franciscan and Dominican missionaries, has told the story
of their labors, hardships and struggles with fine skill, and in a
most complete manner. . . . — Extension Magazine.
Volume IV of Father Engelhardt's exhaustive history of
the Missions and Missionaries of California has come from
the publishers. It covers the general history of upper California
from the naming of Jose Castro as temporary civil governor in
1835 until the American occupation in 1846.
This closes the general history of the missions and is by far
the most comprehensive work on the subject yet compiled.
When he undertook his huge task the author confesses that
he had no intention of producing anything more than a complete
chronological record of these famous outposts of civilization;
but his researches among the archives of the old and new worlds
revealed such a wealth of material that the result has been a
learned work of exceptional literary merit which will rank as a
Press Comments 169
complete and authentic history and a recognized authority on
the subject.
For this, California, the United States and the world at large
owes Father Engelhardt a debt of gratitude that will be hard to
repay. — Los Angeles Express.
The melancholy account of the destruction of the California
missions has been told by various historians. But here is a
series of volumes on the missions from the careful pen of a
Franciscan Father who has devoted his best years, living on the
desecrated holy spots, to a painstaking, accurate, documentary
history of the rise, growth, and ruins of these missions. A
wealth of illustrations and facsimiles bear out the verdict of the
text — to the glory of the Franciscan Order and the shame of
their godless persecutors. — Benziger's Magazine.
This is volume IV of this great work, and relates to Upper
California as part III of general history. Like the three preceding
volumes, it helps to meet a real need concerning the history of
Christian missions and missionaries in California. . . . It is a mar-
vel of perfection in scope and purpose, comprehensive in detail,
interest, and accuracy. Research, scholarship, painstaking care,
endless toil, and personal fitness on the part of the author are
clearly apparent on every page of this splendid contribution to
the missionary history of California. — The Religious Telescope
(Unitarian), Dayton, O.
This is a monumental work of the favorably known author,
which in detail gives an authentic and extended report of the
missionary undertakings for the conversion and civilization of the
Indians in California. — Die Katholische Volkszeitung, Baltimore,
Md.
The bulky work has been compiled with a world of painstaking
and very conscientious labor from original documents and the
records of the various Missions. In California as in North
America, the Roman Church led the way in missionary work, and
her pioneer priests, some of whom were martyred, left a noble
record of self-denial and zeal for God. The book is extremely
interesting and we are thankful for the kindly courtesy that
prompted its sending.^-The Pacific Churchman (Episcopal), San
Francisco, Cal.
"The Missions and Missionaries of California," by Father
Zephyrin Engelhardt, a Franciscan, presents a detailed account
based on documentary sources of the missions in California, with
some general account of earlier missionary efforts of the Fran-
ciscans in the West Indies, Mexico and South America. . . .
It is the most complete record of these missions in English and
gives every evidence of painstaking accuracy and research. — ^Thc
Churchman (Episcopal), New York.
170 Press Comments
This work has been compiled from original sources. . . . The
volume before us is prefaced with a list of the original authorities
consulted by the author. We note the '^archives of the Arch-
bishop of San Francisco, consisting of 2560 letters and other
documents bound in eight volumes." "The archives o^f Santa
Barbara, consisting of 2500 Spanish manuscripts.'* Also many
Spanish works not easily available to the average reader. It
shows every evidence of careful investigation and study. — The
Catholic Citizen, Milwaukee, Wis.
"The Missions and Missionaries of California" is a ^monumental
work. It is from the presses of The James H. Barry Co.,
typographically and technically a magnificent specimen of artistic
bookmaking. — The Catholic Herald, Sacramento, Cal.
It is with genuine pleasure that we call the attention of our
readers to this valuable addition to our American Catholic
literature, a veritable storehouse of information. . . . One
feels that a desire to write a truthful history of the missions of
California guided his pen. Thoroughness is written on every
pagie. A Franciscan himself, he is in a position to better appre-
ciate the work of the Friars, and he writes their truthful story.
. . . What makes Fr. Zephyrin*s work absolutely trustworthy is
the fact that he has personally searched all the archives of Cali-
fornia and verifies every statement by references to authentic
documents, which he enumerates and examines in a thoroughly
critical manner in the introduction. . . .
Fr. Zephyrin does not mince words when exposing false state-
ments. A knight of the old school, he is not afraid to tell the
truth, and the whole truth at that, and keeps on digging up
proof after proof from ancient manuscripts and books until the
question in doubt is clearly and thoroughly settled. — St. Anthony's
Messenger, Cincinnati, O.
Perhaps there is no chapter in the history of the State in
which more misleading work has been doiie than that relating
to the sequestration of the church lands of California. So many
so-called historians have either in ignorance or with malice
prepense attributed this spoliation to the Americans who came
here after the cession of California by Mexico to our own
country.
We have before us a history of the State covering this period
and dealing with this episode from a source so disinterested
that it must put to silence every tongue that would attribute
the robbing of the Church to the Americans. The volume
referred to is from the pen of Fr. Zephyrin, O. F. M. The
work is an exceedingly ambitious one, the volume in question
being the fourth on the history of Upper California, and it is
Part III of the general history of the State. The chapter
which deals with the subject in mind is No. 18, beginning on
page 494. This is entitled "Crime Against the Missions Con-
summated." On page 505 it scores relentlessly the late Pio Pico
and a number of others, all Spanish, all Roman Catholic, all
Press Comments 171
Californian. The date of Pico's overt act in sequestrating the
Church lands was 1846, before the Americans appeared here. —
The Los Angeles Times.
Of more than ordinary interest, to Californians especially, is
"Missions and Missionaries of California," by Fr. Zephyrin Engel-
hardt, O. F. M., divided into four bulky tomes. . . . He has
searched for information through musty, dusty and forgotten man-
uscripts, many of which are now beyond recovery, having been
destroyed in the San Francisco earthquake with the collection
known as the "California Archives," and in more modern sources,
with an indefatigable will that has produced a scholarly and in-
valuable addition to history, profane as well as ecclesiastical.
. . . — The Los Angeles Graphic.
Father Engelhardt's work is a genuine important addition to
the Catholic historical literature of America. ... It is pre-
cisely the incompetency thus animadverted upon that makes the
Bancroft histories $Ov generally unreliable, and renders such a
work as this present volume of Father Engelhardt's a veritable
necessity to the student who would learn facts as they were and
not as ignorance or prejudice, or both, distorted them. . , .
That the story is an eminently interesting one, and will delight
Catholic readers with any tast^ for the unknown or neglected
byways of ecclesiastical history, need hardly be said; and even
for readers destitute of such taste, the narrative will often prove
as charming as a fictitious tale of adventure. . . . Reading
these pages, even when one possesses a fairly adequate knowledge
of American ecclesiastical history, gives much the same pleasure
that a traveler in Europe, familiar with the more frequented
routes, derives from excursions into unknown or neglected by-
ways, — attractive scenes and peoples that have hitherto escaped
his notice. . . . A monumental work and a most worthy one.
— The Ave Maria.
Fr. Zephyrin's is a history in the strictest and best sense, an
organic thing, warm with life and action and movement; not a
dry-as-dust recounting of past events, but a portrait of persons
and places, things and actions, as full of vividness and glow and
color as it is exact in detail, and true in tone, and critical and
faithful in execution. ...
It is impossible for an intelligent reader to deny his confidence
to one so extraordinarily equipped. He surrenders himself to
the painstaking historian, and cheerfully follows his trusty guide
through the long and varied story of the early mission days,
feeling none of that trepidation with which the conscientious
author avers that he proceeds *'to present a full account, in
chronological order as far as possible, of the Missions of Cali-
fornia." . . . Aside from its literary merit it is more fasci-
nating than any book of fiction and can be depended upon as
being as nearly historically correct as it is possible for any book
to be. It is a work that should be in every household, especially
where children seek books of adventure to read, for in this
volume most thrilling experiences are graphically related, and
convey : a better appreciation of the- stupendous undertaking in
172 Press Comments
the establishment of our beautiful missions which have survived
the crumbling years of time and stand to-day, mut& witnesses of
the zeal, the love and the enduring faith of those pioneers in
this western land, the "Missionary Fathers." — The Tidings, Los
Angeles, Cal.
The vast amount of research which Fr. Engelhardt must have
made is shown in every page. Nothing that he relates lacks
authority for backing, and it is impossible to read far into the
volume without realizing the sincerity and fairness of the writer.
. . . While he is most sympathetic, he never forgets that he
is first a historian. His greatest desire in the writing of the
history of the missions and their founders is to present the facts^
and this he has done without bias, therefore his work, bearing
the stamp of authenticity, is of inestimable value to the student
and stands as the most complete and reliable record of the mis-
sionary pioneers yet written — a lasting contribution to the history
of the Golden State. — The Bulletin, San Francisco.
Fr. Zephyrin's readers are not confined to Catholic circles, for
his "Franciscans in California" and "Franciscans in Arizona"
have found a wide circulation among students of American
history — ^without regard to religious affiliations. . . .
There is no question that he is to-day the best authority on
the subject indicated. And may it not in truth be added that the
distinction he enjoys is a cause for congratulations on the part of
the Catholics of this country.
Those who have been following the late trend of historical
research and historical chronicle know the fact only too well.
They have had ample cause to deeply regret the apparently
studied efforts to eliminate from historical reproduction every-
thing reflecting the early labors of civilization and Christianization
carried on in America by the missionaries of the Church. — ^The
Church Progrress, St. Louis, Mo.
As to the worth of "The Missions and Missionaries" there
can be no dispute; it is of great and enduring value. To its
pages every historian must turn for his information regarding
those foci of settlement in Alta California whose names remain
to the present day like a bede-roll. It is crowded with an enor-
mous amount of minor information derived from the personal
letters of the friars as well as from the official papers of the
Missions. — Bulletin of the American Geographical Society.
Originally intended for a popular history in one volume, the
huge mass and the peculiarity of the material made it evident
that only a work based on original documents would satisfy the
intelligent reader and critical scholar. Twenty-three years Fr.
Zephyrin labored at the work and succeeded in lifting the clouds
of misrepresentation which had gathered over the Missions of
California. Upon this work thus collected from original sources,
the history of the Missions, which now must be written, can
and must rest itself. What endless toil lies buried in these
Press Comments 173
volumes of the Rev. Fn Zephyrin only those ^ know how to
appreciate who at any time were engaged collecting widely scat-
tered material and endeavored to put it in orderly shape. With
this work the modest son of St. Francis has erected for himself
a monumentum aere perennius. — Pastoral-Blatt, St. Louis, Mo.
The fourth volume of "The Missions and Missionaries of
California'' has just appeared. It continues the history of the
passion of the Franciscan Missions under Mexican rule, and
introduces the administration of the Americans, as well as the
discovery of gold. . . . Thus the volumes, in which the indus-
trious historian describes the vicissitudes of the Franciscan Mis-
sions of California, gradually develop the picture, unknown to
the world at large, of the tragedy which annihilated the most
promising lode established by the venerable Fr. Junipero Scrra.
. . . May the work receive the deserved recognition. — Amerika,
St. Louis, Mo.
Fr. Zephyrin has completed a splendid history of the Cali-
fornia Missions in four volumes, and has indebted all lovers of
history to him for this noteworthy achievement. — Our Sunday
Visitor.
In a lengthy introduction the author enumerates and qualifies
all his sources. This feature alone will be a revelation. Every
statement is verified in footnotes. . . . Page after page orig-
inal authorities are set forth, and facts prove again what the
Church and her Orders have done in civilizing the nations. — ^Thc
Messenger, Harbor Springs, Mich.
Father Engelhardt, the indefatigable and scholarly Franciscan
of Santa Barbara, California, has just completed, after twenty-
five years of labor, his general history of the California missions.
Most of the writings hitherto published on this subject are value-
less to the student, because their authors did not consult the
original documents, and as a consequence gave us not objective
history, but second-hand impressions, often unfair and unjust to
the missionaries and their work. With a view to answering
eflFectively the many calumnies and misrepresentations that have
disfigured the pages of ignorant or bigoted writers, Fr. Engel-
hardt has with infinite pains consulted the original Spanish
documents. . . .
No honest man henceforth will have the daring to assert that
these missions were a failure, if he reads . this noble record of
seventy-six years (1769-1846). They tell of the baptism of ninety-
three thousand immoral, superstitious and brutish Indians, who
were made devout Christians, and taught to be competent work-
men of every description — carpenters, masons, blacksmiths, shoe-
makers, spinners, shepherds, cowboys, and fruit-growers.
The utter unselfishness of the Franciscans in California, their
infinite patience, their unwavering gentleness towards the Indians,
and their unflinching hostility towards the white robbers of the
redskins, the deep affection of the Indians for their true friends,
and the faith and virtue which that affection and example in-
174 Press Comments
spired, form a history which re^ds like a romance. But every
line is founded on documentary evidence, the burden of which,
however, is saved the casual reader, and the verification of which
is assured the student by the use of copious and exact references,
footnotes, and appendices.
The work should be in the library of every Catholic, and in
every public library in the United States. — The Catholic World.
As one peruses the interesting pages of this entertaining work,
one is really startled at the ardor that caused men to leave home
and comforts and friends, in fact everything held most dear to the
ordinary human' being, in order to penetrate the wilds of an
unknown land in the search for souls. Through forest and
jungle, over mountain and plain, Jesuits, Franciscans and Do-
minicans pushed their way, with scarce any weapon of defense
save the cross they loved so well. . . .
Father Engelhardt's work is most complete. It is carefully
compiled and is written in charming style. Valuable illustrations
give the great work added worth. Every Catholic who has a
desire to know something of the labors of the early missionaries
in California should possess a copy. — The Union and Times,
Buffalo, N. Y.
It is this kind of history, one that satisfies the demands of criti-
cism, that finds completion in the present (vol. IV.) stately
legral-looking quarto. . . . The author has dispassionately in-
vestigated the charges made against the missionaries, and has
brought to open day the character of the men who originated,
disseminated, or published them. The sub-structure of the his-
torical monument has tfius been laid broad and deep, and the
special history of the several missions can now be laid thereon.
It is to be hoped that Fr. Engelhardt may be spared to complete
those "two or three volumes" on the local history of the twenty-
one missions. . . . The author modestly disclaims any inten-
tion of producing a learned work or a work of literary merit.
Readers of his pages will most likely think that he has done both.
Be that as it may, there can be no question that those who go
to this well of "rugged facts" will find therein an almost in-
exhaustible fountain of inspiration. . . . The author has given
Us an immense treasure of most valuable and interesting infor-
mation, presented in an attractive style. — Ecclesiastical Review.
The completed work is a treasury of knowledge in regard to
the Padres and the country for which they labored with apos-
tolical zeal. . . . It is a privilege to read these chapters that
Father Engelhardt has written, even though many of them
sadden the heart with their records of oppression of both friars
and Indian^. — The Sacred Heart Review, Boston, Mass.
Rev. Fr. Zephyrin has published volume one of what promises
to be a monumental work — "The Missions and Missionaries of
"California." . . . The work is most comprehensive in scope,
and its value is further added to by portraits, maps and fac-
Press Comments 175
similes. Fr. Zephyrin has given to the work the most painstaking
care, and has left nothing undone in the shape of reading and
consultation, to make the recountal as accurate as possible.
These histories of early missionary eflForts are full of absorbing
interest and should serve to stimulate the lagging faith and
energy of latter-day Catholics into a firmer adherence to that
religion for which the early explorers and missionaries suffered
so much. — The Catholic Columbian, Columbus, Ohio.
This is a monumental work, which in detail furnishes an
authentic and full account of the different missionary undertakings
for the conversion of the Indians in California. . . . We con-
gratulate Father Engelhardt heartily on the completion of this
wonderful work. He has done everything that could be done
through restless zeal for research, through excellent explanations,
and impartial criticism, in order to preserve for the future the
so interesting history of the life and labors of these apostolic
men, who in good and bad days toiled with so much energy
and self-denial, in order to bring to the benighted Indians of
California the blessings of the faith and of civilization. He has
truthfully demonstrated that the vanishing character of their
work is not to be attributed to the missionaries nor to the poor
Indian neophytes, but to the greed of those in whose hands the
governing power of Mexico fell after the fall of Spanish regime.
• • •
Other historians have gone over the ground, but they have
shied at the motto that heads this work, and which the great
Leo XIII borrowed from Cicero: "The first law of history is not
to dare relate what is false, and not to dare suppress what is
true." ...
The work which, owing to the enormous mass of material,
required a colossal measure of time, patience, labor, and energy,
often tells a sad, sad story. From documentary evidence we
learn of the failure of Indian emancipation, of the loyalty and
self-sacrifice of the missionaries, of the contentment of the
Indians in charge of the missionaries, how at length their lands
were robbed, the neophytes driven out, and the missionaries
evicted. Truly a period of plunder! . . . Fr. Zephyrin has
realized his aims. In the four volumes we have a truthful
history of the California Missions, which every man of education
will be delighted to refer to again and again. We should like
to see these most meritorious volumes in every public library. —
The St. Josephsblatt, Benedictine Weekly, Mount Angel, Ore.
For those that are acquainted with Fr. Zephyrin*s works on the
Franciscans of California and Arizona this new work scarcely
needs a recommendation. For others it may suffice to say that
we have here to do with a magnificent historical work which is
based upon extensive research and critical sifting of the material,
and which therefore furnishes a trustworthy report on the various
missionary undertakings for the conversion and civilization of
the California Indians. . . . — Excelsior, Milwaukee, Wis.
Father Engelhardt deserves congratulations for his scholarly
work, and we trust that his history will find an honored place
on the bookshelves of all lovers of history. . . . — The Western
Catholic, Vancouver.
176
Press Comments
Fr. Zephyrin's work is indeed "a history that is a history."
It has won a tremendous reputation for accuracy and impartiality.
It is the only authentic compilation we have of the mission
records. Naturally it represents an amount of research and
faithful work hard to measure, and we congratulate the author
on the progress of his great task. ...
The whole work presents a record that is so heroic, so splen-
did, so full of high adventure and noble enterprise, that it
is entrancing. In his introduction the author enumerates and
qualifies all his sources, which include all the archives of Cali-
fornia. This feature alone will be a revelation, particularly to
those who are prone to criticize the missionaries and their
motives, without reading or understanding authoritative sources
of information on the subject. . . .
As each successive volume appears, it grows more and more
interesting. The story which he recounts is one such as the
poets of old would have taken for the subject of an epic. (Per-
haps a Catholic poet will yet arise to sing this tragic story?)
It has "the human appeal" in it. And though the author deals
in ''facts, facts, facts," and never makes pause to sentimentalize
or weep, his vigorous pen, nevertheless, pricks deep at times as
he rehearses the wrongs to which the Padres were subjected, or
refutes the errors that unsympathetic and prejudiced historians
have set down as truth. . . . — ^The Monitor, SaQ Francisco, Cal.
In his "Missions and Missionaries of California," the author
has furnished us with a much needed work, a standard history of
the Missions, accurate and complete.
It sets the standard for all efforts of its kind, past and to
come. It should be in the hands of every student, every reader;
in every library, public and private. From a typographical point
of view the volume is in keeping with its valuable contents.
There are indices, footnotes, and numerous illustrations, rare old
engravings and autographs, maps and portraits. Printed on fine
book paper with clear type and wide margins, and simply but
richly bound in Franciscan brown, with gold lettering, the
volumes make a most attractive work. . . .
A most satisfying feeling of getting at "the facts in the case"
comes to the reader of "The Missions and Missionaries of Cali-
fornia." The tireless zeal of the author in running facts down to
their sources, of never letting up until he has cleared the ground
of all doubts and questionings, somehow communicates itself to
the reader, and gives him too a love of the chase that compels
him to read on and on. This is indeed a unique feature in a
work which is purely historical. . . . Such writings are the
sort that make thinking men breathe again the old, old blessing
on him who invented books. . . . — ^The Star, San Francisco, Cal.
The old Franciscan Missions of California have been a fruitful
theme to many and various writers ever since the American
occupancy of California, but never have they been done adequate
justice from the historic standpoint, until Fr. Zephyrin Engle-
hardt undertook the work. He has been tireless in his researches
and besides consulting all the known original records has
searched from San Francisco to the City of Mexico and even
Press Comments 177
by proxy in far away Spain, for further original documentary
evidence. It is an illuminating and revealing chapter in the life
of the true historian to read the author's story of his search
for complete information. None but a student can conceive the
vastness of the labors involved; and none but he can appreciate
how much work the future historian will be saved by Father
Engelhardt*s relation of what he himself has done. • . n — George
Wharton James, in Out West.
Students and others who desire exact information on this sub-
ject of perennial interest will welcome this work, compiled from
the original Spanish documents and representing the result of
many years of labor and research among these and other his-
torical sources. — Sunset Magazine, San Francisco, Cal.
With truly bee-like industry the Rev. Author has compiled,
from voluminous original ecclesiastical and secular documents
a history of the Old Mission establishments in California, which
presents to the reader a vivid picture of the great work of
civilization that State owes to the Franciscan Order. . . . The
volumes are destined to correct many erroneous and unhistorical
descriptions on the Franciscan Missions. The excellent work
deserves the widest attention. May it be in great demand, and
thus remoye the prejudice to which groundless calumnies have
given rise. — Der Herold des Glaubens, St. Louis, Mo.
Fr. Engelhardt has undertaken a great work, especially as he
furnishes ample authority for every historical fact he elaborates
and that is at all obscure or questionable. . » .
There is a brave-heartedness of expression in Fr. Engelhairdt's
narrative that arrests your attention at once, and allays your
apprehensions by giving you the authority for his statements of
certain facts that critics unfriendly to Catholic claim might be
inclined to credit. Catholic historians are generally not only
careful not to claim too much; they are too apologetic even
when they are stating simple truths that redound to the glory
of the Church.
Fr. Engelhardt has done a fine thing for American history.
. . . The details of the dedication to God and His Blessed
Mother of the bays and gulfs and rivers and lakes and mountains
and the settlements made with the beautiful names that make
the history of the country read like a Litany of the Saints.
It is a splendid story of the pioneer soldiers of the Cross
and of their ceaseless, many-sided battles for Christian civiliza-
tion. — Freeman's Journal, New York.
The intention of the author, as indicated in the preface to vol.
i, was "to furnish full and accurate information in plain
language and as concisely as clearness would permit." It can
not be denied that the writer succeeded wonderfully in his purpose.
Before compiling the history, he examined all the manuscripts
available, and he personally visited archives hitherto inaccessible
to historians, and thus he was enabled to make of the work a
178
Press Comments
truly critical history. He was scrupulously careful to secure
reliable authorities, and the list of works consulted clearly shows
-that he looked througrh about all the books written on the sub-
ject. . . . He treated many questions that others have not
even touched, and he handled with great tact the controversy
about the first Vicar-ApostoKc of the New World. "The Mis-
sions and Missionaries of California'' is worthy of the highest
praise for its scholarly thoroughness, its impartiality, its logical
arrangement and the agreeable style in which it is written. . . .
— Archivum Franciscanum Historicum, Rome.
It would appear that in the voluminous bo6k "The Missions
and Missionaries of California," Fr. Zephyrin has the last word
on the subject. For completeness along purely historical lines
it is doubtful if anything more can be added to what he has
compiled. . . .
As one glances over the introduction and notes the multitude
of authorities consulted one marvels how it was possible for
even a patient Franciscan to accomplish all this in the span of
life. . . •
One can realize how pure love for the subject was tlie great
stimuhis to work, aided by keen historic conception and splendid
literary attainments. . . .
The books are richly illustrated. All the missions are shown,
some during tKeir more active period. There are also repro-
ductions of signatures of many persons who played their part
during mission days. — The Morning Press, Santa Barbara.
This last volume of Father Engelhardt's unique work brings his
History of the California Missions to a close. The 818 pages of
this last instalment are crowded with facts vouched for by docu-
mentary proofs of an incontrovertible character. . . One
closes the volume with a sigh of regret for those old Missions
not unmixed with anger against the men by whose greed they
came to disaster. The whole work is a monument of patient re-
search that could only have been the outcome of a great love of
justice and a desire to vindicate the memories of the Friars who
established the Missions and carried them on with wonderful suc-
cess for many years. It will be the standard work of reference
for all students or writers who interest themselves in the story
of that great undertaking. We note lengthy quotations from a
multitude of writers of ^11 classes in all sorts of periodicals. . . .
We note the exactness of Father Engelhardt in giving the refer-
ence for quotations in footnotes, and we may remark here that
this is his general plan throughout the book, thus adding not a
little to its usefulness as a work of reference. A valuable note
appears in the Appendix under the caption, Mission Tales in
Word and Picture, in which the reverend author follows to their
evil source and refutes some of the more ,gei>erally current stories
aigainst the Friars. He makes quite a lengthy quotation from a
wot\L on Father Serra by Fitch, a glance at which would be suffi-
cient to secure its condemnation by any person of average com-
mon sense. Men do not die for gifts they value so little as Fitch
Press Comments 179
makes Father Junipero Serra value the Catholic Faith, even less
perhaps do they spend their lives for them. . . .
With such a work as this on the shelves of our reference libra-
ries, and in the hands of our students of American Church His-
tory, it should be an easy matter to run to earth most, if not all,
of the unsavory stories that are only too frequent when it is a
question of the manufacture of "romance/* — The Lamp, New York.
"Auctor in hoc ultimo volumine feliciter absolvit opus mag^ni
moment!, anno 1892 incoeptum et cum strenua diligentia maxi-
maque conscientia prosecutum." — ^Acta Ordinis Fratrum Minonim,
Rome, July, 1916. (The "Acta" is the official organ of the Fran-
ciscan Order.)
SOME COMMENDATIONS
Apostolic Delegation,
Washington, D. C.
Sept. 30, 1915.
Rev. and dear Father: —
I beg leave to acknowledge the receipt of your fourth volume
on the Missions and Missionaries of California, which you very
kindly sent me during the summer. The numerous duties of my
office have prevented me from having the pleasure of reading it,
but I am able to understand from a rapid glance that I have
given it that it is a valuable contribution to historical research.
I therefore congratulate you on the success of your labors and
offer my expression of thanks for the copy that you have sent me.
With good wishes, I am,
Sincerely yours in Christ,
* JOHN BONZANO,
Archbishop of Melitene,
Apostolic Delegiate.
Apostolic Delegation,
Washington, D. C.
September 25th, 1908.
Rev. and dear Father: —
I beg to acknowledge the receipt of the first volume of your
"Missions and Missionaries of California.'' Please accept my
best thanks. I have read the book with the most lively pleasure
and edification. I am sure that such a volume will serve as a
great incentive both to our priests and people to do noble deeds
for the glory of Holy Church. The story of the early mission-
aries with their heroic deeds and great privations cannot but fire
with a holy enthusiasm, the youth of the country upon whom we
must depend for the preservation and development of the won-
derful works so well begun by the missionaries of early days.
Praying God to bless you with His Holy Grace in order that
you may continue your labors in this chosen field, I am.
Sincerely yours in Christ,
^ D. FALCONIO,
Apostolic Delegate.
(On receipt of vol. ii.)
Rome, Piazza Cavour 17,
August 10th, 1912.
Dear Rev. Father: —
I cannot too strongly express my approbation of the devotion
and indefatigable labor which has produced this work of para-
mount importance both to the History of the Church in America
and to the History of our beloved Order. . . .
* D. CARD. FALCONIO.
(On receipt of vol. iii.)
I can only reiterate what I have already told you of the high
esteem in which I hold the monumental work you are producing.
Some Commendations i8i
I pray that God and St. Francis, whose glories you are spreading,
may grant you the health and strength you need to carry to its
completion your meritorious undertaking. ...
* D. CARD. FALCONIO.
(On receipt of vol. iv.)
Rome, Piazza Cavour 17,
January 9th, 1916.
Dear Rev. Father: —
I have received the fourth volume of your fine work, and I
shall read it with great pleasure. I pray that God may spare you
for many years and give you the strength necessary to complete
the entire series. Such an important historical work ought to be
completed by the same mind and hand that began it. . . .
With my special blessing, I remain.
Sincerely yours in Christ,
^ D. CARD. FALCONIO.
Office of the Archbishop,
1100 Franklin Street,
San Francisco, California.
March 29, 1913.
Dear Father Zephyrin: —
I have received to-day the third volume of your splendid work
on the Missions, for which please accept my heartfelt thanks. I
am very glad that you are getting on so well with this work,
which will be for all time a standard work on the Missions
founded by your Fathers.
Sincerely yours,
* P. J. RIORDAN,
Archbishop of San Francisco.
Chancery Office,
114 East Second Street,
Los Angeles, Cal.
February 12, 1909.
My Dear Father Zephyrin: —
I take great pleasure in congratulating you upon the first vol-
ume of your "History of the Missions." It is indeed a source of
great pride for us that you have been able to give your life so
thoroughly to the study of the Missions, bringing to it the most
searching and scholarly investigation so that really we have in it
what one might well call "the last word on the Missions."
I really feel that we should congratulate ourselves upon this
work, for it is a blessed thing to have these Mission records so
carefully investigated and edited. I do not need to commend the
work — it commends itself. I would like to see it in every library
and in every home.
Trusting that we may soon have the privilege of reading the
second volume, I am, my dear Father Zephyrin,
Yours very sincerely in Christ,
* THOMAS J. CONATY,
Bishop of Monterey and Los Angeles. .
1 82 Some Commendatians
(Prom the Bishop of Sacramento, CaL, on receipt of toL i.)
It is a most interesting and useful book — a great credk to you
and the Franciscan Order-—while it affords a fund of information
given in a way that never tires. Those to whopi I have shown it,
said they were delighted with it.
(On receipt of vol. iv.)
I had not the opportunity before now of thanking you for the
fourth volume of your beautiful and complete History of the
Missions of California. I consider it a great honor to your Order
as well as a blessing to the people that we have such a complete
history of what is most dear to every one in this country.
Yours sincerely in Christ,
"i- THOMAS GRACE.
(From the Most Rev. Superior General.)
Curia Generalitia,
Ord. Fr. Min.,
Roma, via Merulana, 124.
15/V, 1912.
Reverende Pater, Domious det tibi pacemi
Gratias ex corde tibi oifero pro vol. ii, praeclari operis tui, cui
tituhia "Missixms and Missionaries of California'' quod filiali cum
affectu Mihi dedicasti. — ^Jam tot homines scienttae et criticae lauda-
runt vol, i, ejusdem operis valorem, ut revera superfluum sit quod
et ego extoUam ejus excellentiam. — Libenti animo tibi benedico
ut operae tuae in dies majori coronentur successu.
Addictissimus in Corde Jesus,
FR. PACIFICUS,
Min. Gen.
(On receipt of third volume.)
FR. PACIFICO MONZA DA VICENZA,
Ministro Generale Di Tutto L'Ordine Dei Frati Minori
Ringrazia E Benedice pro iii volumine historiae Missionum in
California. Activitatem tuam quam maxime laudat et exoptat, ut
cedat in multiplicanda merita tua spiritualia, et in augendam
gloriam Dei proximorumque salutem. Ex corde Dei largissimam
benedictionem super te implorat. — Roma, 29/IV, 1913.
I do not believe that yow need fear criticism. Of course, such a
work does not want to be read only, but studied in order to pass
a just judgment. So far I have only heard it praised. For the
good which it will work inside and outside the Order, we will say
with St. John Capistran, whose feast vre celebrate to-day, "Non
nobis, Domrnc, non nobis, sed Nomini Tuo det gloriam."
Most Reverend Superior-General is delighted with the work.
He thanks you for it and sends you the Seraphic Blessing. — Fr.
Leonard, O. F. M., Dcfinitor-General, Rome.
(On receipt of first volume in 1908.)
St. Louis, Mo., August 24, 1915.
My dear Father Zephyrin :— The first copy of Vol. IV "The Mis-
sions and Missionaries of California," which you so kindly ad-
dressed to me, came to hand. ... I wish to congratulate you
Some Commendatioas 1R3
upon the completion of this fourth volume. You have been and
are doing something great — a great work. May God give you the
necessary health and strength to carry out — ^finish what you have
proposed to yourself. . . .
FR. SAMUEL MACKE, O. F. M., Provincial.
I have received the copy of volume i of your work which you
had the kindness to send me. AIIot^ me to congratulate you
upon finishing the first volume. It is a handsome book and I
sincerely hope it will meet with all the success it so justly de-
serves. I shall also see that the work is well spread throughout
our Province. — Fr. Cyprian Bannscheidt, O. F. M., Provincial, St.
Louis, Mo.
Dear Rev. Father: — I have read about 150 pages of the fourth
volume, and find it even more interesting than the former vol-
umes. Please send to every one of our Convents and Residences
all the volumes not yet purchased, so that every house in our
Province may have a complete set. Send the bill to me. — Fr.
Rudolph Bonner, O. F. M., Provincial, Cincinnati, O.
. . . Fidelity to uncolored facts and ancient documents as
they are found gives the wark an artless attractiveness all its
own — the uni()ue beauty of truth. Especially pleasing is the char-
itable impartiality which, faithfully fulfilling the promise of the
title, gives to the missionaries of the secular clergy and to those
of other religious Orders as well as of our own, the attention
they deserve. The many appropriate illustrations and excellent
and accurate maps greatly enhance the volume's beauty and value.
The Appendix is a priceless addition. . . . Enclosed please
find check for one dozen copies. — Fr. Edward Bleke, O. F. M.,
Provincial, New York.
I congratulate you upon what you have achieved and hope that
the second volume will not be long in coming. Kindly have the
publisher send a dozen copies to my address togrether with the
bill. — Fr. Chrysostom Theobald, O. F. M., Provincial, Cincinnati.
Your work is certainly a grand one, of which every Franciscan
has reason to feel proud. It is a pity that we have no one to
write a similar history of the Franciscans and their work in the
East. — Fr. Anselm Kenedy, O. F. M., Provincial, New York.
I seize this opportunity to offer you my cordial con^atulations
on the successful completion of this great work, which represents
a beautiful and lasting testimony of your tireless zeal and sttdns-
try. The Lord bless my farmer classmate. — Fr. Eugene Butter-
mann, O. F. M., Ex- Provincial, Metamora, Ills.
I congratulate your Reverence on the monumental work on
the Missions of California of which we have received the first
installment. God bless you for the labor of love. The seas of
St. Dominic and of St. Ignatius will joiai with your own brethren,
the sons of the great Patriarch St. Francis, in bksaing you for
i84
Some Commendations
honoring the saintly men who have sanctified and fructified the
soil of Lower California by their sweat and their prayers and
toils. I have been able to read but little of the work, but what
I have read has made me hungry for the rest. We intend to read,
the book after a while in our dining room. . . . — Richard A.
Gleeson, S. J., Provincial.
Let me congratulate you upon the brilliant victory you have
achieved, and to extend to you the hope that your health may be
spared for many years to prosecute the historical work for which
you are so singularly fitted. . . . — D. Kiely, Vicar General, Salt
Lak6 City.
Allow me to extend to you my sincerest congratulations upon
the happy cornpletion of the first volume of your monumental
work, ''The Missions and Missionaries of California." This able
pioneer work in the uncultivated field of Church History of our
country places your name among the ablest historians, and sheds
a luster upon the Commissariat, the entire Province and the
whole Order. I shall have the novices read your excellent book
at table. May you be spared for many years to come in order
to give us the complete history of missionary labors in California.
— Fr. Roger, O. F. M., Master of Novices, Teutopolis, Ills.
I am in receipt of the first volume of the work on "The Mis-
sions and Missionaries of California." From a cursory examina-
tion it appears to be a work of more than ordinary value and in-
terest, and which will fully repay careful reading. The period
covered is one of the most interesting in early American history,
and it is a pleasure to find it so thoroughly treated. I now sub-
scribe for the subsequent volumes as issued. — Victor J. Dowling,
Judge of the Supreme Court of New York.
The fourth volume of "The Missions and Missionaries of Cali-
fornia" is a splendid addition to our library. In fact, it is indis-
pensable to us. The students here are delighted with it. . . .
— Rev. Thomas L. O'Neil, C. S. P., Chaplain, Newman Hall, Uni-
versity of California.
I have begun to read the splendid fourth volume, and find it
•no less fascinating and thrilling than the preceding volumes. . . .
— Fr. Joachim, O. F. M., San Francisco.
Everybody seems to be exceedingly pleased with the work. I
haye not heard the least adverse criticism. I noticed the splendid
Appendix. Quite opportune and to the point. . . . — Fr. Nova-
tus Benzing, O. F. M., Phoenix, Arizona.
I have just received volume iv of your Missions and Mission-
aries. Of course I have read only a little of it so far, but I know
its high (Juality from that of the others. It is a great work, and
I thank and congratulate you in the name of historical students
everywhere. . . . — Herbert E. Bolton, Prof. American History,
University of California.
Some Commendations 185
I am more than glad to include your most valuable work in
my historical library. . . . You have made a great contribu-
tion to the history not only of the Church but of the State, and
this monumental labor will be aere perennius. . . . — Charles F.
Lummis, Los Angeles.
We greatly appreciate Volume four of your most valuable work.
When the index is secured "The Missions and Missionaries of
California" will be one of the most useful reference works in our
California collection. — J. L. Gillis, Librarian California State Li-
brary, Sacramento.
As an enthusiastic student of California history for over twenty
years I write to offer you my sincerest congratulations on your
second volume. Your Introduction particularly appealed to me
with its concise and just summaries of the sources and the appre-
ciation of later writers. Your appraisal of Bancroft is a model
of iust credit and condemnation, in fact the best thing I have
seen in this line, as he is generally given either fulsome praise
or absolute denunciation. . . . — Rev. Joseph M. Gleason, Palo
Alto, Cal.
"The Missions and Missionaries*^ is a magnificent and monimien-
tal work. Please send fourth volume, as of course we must have
it to complete the set. . . . — Rev. J. Havens Richards^ S. J.,
Canisius College, Buffalo, N. Y.
Received your book, and what i« more, read in it. While read-
ing in the first chapter I was struck by the easy flow of language
and by the clearness and logic of thought. . . . — Fr. Apollinaris,
O. F. M., Sacramento.
Accept my sincere congratulations oa the cc«npletion of your
great history, I can quite imagine the satisfaction you must feel
after the untold labor that the publication of such a work in-
volves. . . . — Fr. Francis de Sales, O. F. M.
I finished reading "The Missions and Missionaries," and hasten
to congratulate you on its general excellence. I found it as in-
teresting as any story could be; in fact, the stirring events told
with such a wealth of detail make the volumes read like a story;
but this is of less importance compared with the knowledge that
you have given us a true account of the so-called secularization
of the Missions, an account for which so many friends of truth
have longed, and which was really necessary, . . . You are
doing a great service to the Church and the Order. . . . — Fr.
Silas, O. F. M., St. Joseph's College, Teutopolis, Ills.
The fourth is the best of the four great volumes. I find it
more absorbing reading than any novel. . . . No priest or
Catholic layman who bears a reputation for being either schol-
arly or well informed in matters Catholic can afford to be with-
out this historical work. . . . — Rev. William Hughes, Lecturer
Catholic Indian Bureau.
1 86 Some Commendations
I just received your third volume of the Missions. I know by-
looking over the top pages that it is a book of great interest,
which will recommend itself to every intelligent person. You
deserve exceeding credit for the industry, patience and ability
displayed in such great labors. . . . — Y. Sepulveda, Attorney,
Mexico City.
Congratulations on your book. I have been looking it over
every chance I got. You have done a noble work. May God
spare you to do more. — Fr. Fidelis Reynolds, O. F. M., Paterson,
N. J.
The book is one of the most fascinating works on the subject
that it has been my privilege to read. — ^Alice J. Stevens, Los An-
geles, Cal.
I have read your volume "The Missions and Missionaries of
California" with intense interest. The Jesuits and Dominicans
owe you a debt of gratitude for your extensive researches in re-
gard to their work in Baja California. Certainly no other work
in English, or Spanish for that matter, has covered the ground
as you have. The material from Spanish sources is too scattered
to be of use to any one save a painstaking student. I am very
proud to own a copy. — ^Anna McC. Beckley, Principal Reference
Department, Public Library, Los Angeles, Cal.
We have two sets of your works in our library. You deserve
the praise and thanks of the whole Order, but especially of the
Franciscans in the United States. . . . — Fr. Hugh Straud, O. F.
M., Oldenburg, Ind.
Permit me to express my astonishment and admiration at your
zeal in bringing out these histories. I hope that God may spare
you many years to continue this work. You certainly have earned
the gratitude of posterity. . . . — Fr. Honorius Busch, O. F. M.,
Indianapolis.
With the greatest satisfaction 1 have read the fourth volume.
To tell the truth, my pleasure is mixed with some sadness at the
thought that we in New Mexico have no Fr. Z., who could do
for this State what you have done for California: give us just
such a history of the Missions which would effectively silence
those that calumniate the intrepid missionaries who planted the
Cross on this soil. We hope that God in due time will send us
one. I congratulate you. . . . — Rev. L. Guillen, S. J., Las Vegas,
New Mexico.
LAUS DEO!
9256
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