gy ee . *
-
é
af
. Neer Her as Maids of Honour, ftands
The Painful Ceres, and Pomona’s {een
Begging a blefsing at her hands:
To Crown her Crops, and Deck her Trees again
With Flow’rs, the hope of Fruit, Corn, Wine and Grain,
T he Gracious Queen foon granteth Their defire,
And {weetly f{miling, cafts a ra
: y |
From her bright Eyes, which like So/’s chearing Fire,
Dries up cold dewes, and drives away
The Profs which had long lock’d up from our Eyes,
Beauties in ?
2 :
Behold each Ear with Jewels hung doth thine,
And ev’ry {prig Flow’rs doth adorn :
Thepleas’d Pozsona views the {preading Vine,
* Inhope as highas Ceres Corn:
T hen both agree, of both.to bring their beft,
To entertain you at the Florifts Featt,
Meanwhile the Queen calls for her Cabinet,
Andall her Jewels doth expofe,
Shews what they are, and by what Artift fer,
Then kindly bids you pick and choofe ;
Come boldly on, and your Collection make,
Tis a free Gift, pray wear them for her fake,
ne ae al tp
The Mind of the Front. ~. ‘
V Ith Flowers Crown’d here Flera fits as Queen;
‘ Rare
2 i-
i r ? ae = ‘
% a i a } it M
S.A ~. 2 4
eas shag ee ig hese Ne ies 3 ;
a as i 4 Bt Bde Pi}. 7 ig eet Ce ¥ +f oe
De Florum Cultura.
7 Re Be ee
Complete Florilege
URNISHED
With all Requifites belonging 0"
vA b.AL O.R SS
Fy
Fe aah : ‘ ye. tae ‘
—y
pre~ Li
BY
JOHN REA, Gent.
ie ; po #
; é
LONDON,
Printed by 7.G. fox Thomas Clarke, and are to be fold
at his Shop at the South entrance of the Royal
4 xchange in Cornhill, 1665. :
88406
nireant
| oo
The Right Honourable |
CHARLES Lod GERAR D;
Baron of Gerards Bromley inthe County
of Stafford.
Ince your Honor was pleafed to
CRC| approve the Defign I drew for
o—J\ your then intended Garden at
Bromley, and fearing to be pre-
er vented through Age and other in-
frmities of further erving your Lordfbip therein, E
shought it my duty to give you fome account, with what
Plants, Fruits, and Flowers tt ought to be furnifhed,
when ycu [hall please to accompli/h that noble intend-
ment , and baving now fnifhed this Florilege, t all
humility I prefent tt to your honour. if it prove fo
fortunate to be thought worthy your perufal, you
will find it aiming at the advancement of an
Art, as laudable as delightful,and ableto acquaint yor
with all the glories of our beft Gardens, as alfo how to
inflruédl your oon Gardeners, not only in the names,
but likewife in the natures, kinds, and qualities, of .
every Plant, Fruit,and Flower, fitto be colletbed by
coe the
The Epifle Dedicatory.
the beft Florifts ; together with thé order to be wed 7
in theit Calti@ation; P lanuing, Propagation, and Int.
provement? 4 knowledge rarely found among thofe of
that profefion, and never untill now Cin fo plain a
method) made puolick ; which, had it nob been for the
occafion of ‘exprefing my duty and affection to your
Honour, certainly bad perifhéd in the fir conception,
dnd never appeared in Print : fofromyon chiefly vee
fults the profit or pleafure all others {hall partake by
ibis community of forty years Experience, which pofsi-
ale as many as defire to have good Gardens,
ind 605 any affettion t to that bef and wei? Pee .
creation of Suse,
And ahboigh our Goalerty cannot baal the be
nignity of that beautiful Planet, which meliorates :
their Fruit in ltaly, France and Spain ; yet by refle-
lion from good walls, well-grayelled walks, the choice
-
eget
ete Be
oe ty
z Bx pg weet
ae,
of ft kinds, and pofitions proper to each particular, Ee
we may plentifully partake the pleafure, and yearly —
enjoy thebeneftt, of many delicious fruits « as alfo the
_ admiration and delight in the infinite varieties of a.
elegant forms, vartons colours, and i numerous hinds of a
noble
The Epiftle Dedicatory.
noble Plants, and beantiful Flowers, [ome whereof
have been heretofore handled by a renonned perfon of
your Name, but,fince bis time,Nature bath difcove=
red many new Varieties, not-known to former ages, as
a
: é
E hope shortly will appear in your own Collettions, g/o-
rioufly adorning your fpacious Garden, which 1. wifh
may corre/pond, botbin Fafhion, and Farniture, with
that noble Strusture:so which it appertaineths'
~My Lord, when F confider the Nobility of your
Extraftion and ‘deare | Relations, Ample Fortune, and
ml mnt Expettations, the Excellence of. your Natural
Inclinations, and the beautiful qualities you have ac-
| quired | by a happy Education,refined by Foreign Tra-
els to Jublime Perfection, T conclude this book as for-
tunate ithe Dedication, as my hopes affure me of
jour Protettion, Your noble Name as an Amulet is
alone able to preferve it from the porfonous breath of |
malicious Ignorance, and no Scioh(t dare prefame to
Cen{ure what you {hall pleafe to Patroni~e,
Accept then my Honoured Lord, this humble of -
- fering, which pofibly may live to do you fervice, when |
The Epiftle Dedicatory.
T am duft and afbes, and according to my higheft ams
bition, remain as a teflimony of myfinceres! gratitude
for the many favours I haye received from your Hoe
nour, your most accomplifhed Lady, and that noble
Family from whence fhe 1 defcended. I (hould bere
add my prayers for your Honours prefervation, did I,
notreferve them for my morning Sacrifice, daily to be
prefented to the immortal Deities by him that ts
Your moft humble and
oft devoted Servant,
Fohn Rea.
ae eae OSs |
The truly Noble, and perfe& Lover of Ingenuity,
Sir Thomas Hanmer, Baronet.
Honoured Sir,
Hefe Papers which have long Iain
y WA WH by neglected, are atlaft made Pub-
~ es lick, and now come to prefent you
BS ariideDraught of a Ruftick Gar ”
S24] den, Planted with fuch Flowers
| and Fruits as will profperin our
cold Countrey ;a Subject (I confefs) worthy a
better Author, and fufficiently celebrated in onely
faying, it is agreeable with your Noble inclinact-
on: and although my remote Refidence,and mean
Abilities, could not furnifh fo many new varieties
as are to be found in your own incomparableCol -
leG@tion, nor cloath thofe inferted in a Drefs pro-
portionable to their Native Glories » yet pofsibly
many Lovers, lefs knowing in this delight, may
from the perufal 1a many particulars not former-
Jy publithed, receive fome Satisfaction, and fo
ftand oblig'd to you for the Benefit, fince 1t was
your Goodnefsthat firft occafioned the Underta-—
king: for hadnot your happy Acquaintance re-
animated my drooping endeavours in this delighr,
and your own free Bounty furnifhed me with
many noble and new Varieties, I had certainly
long fince grown out of love with my- Garden,
and confequently fpared you the Trouble of this
-Jnrufion, as my felf the Pains 1n penning thefe
as pro-
_ ‘The Epiftle Dedicatory.
-proportionable effects of idle hours. Sir, 1 know
your Judgement in things of this nature to be
Tranfcendent, as your Generefity, and Curtefie
is Superlative, which makes me hope, you will
candidly Accept, and mildly Cenfure, the ¢ con-
feffed Infirmuties of him that is |
The humbleft of your
Faithful Servants,
Toho Rea.
: TO
The Moft Accomplifh’d;
THE a
Lady GERRARD of Gerrards Bromley.
Is Flora calls, bright Beauty come
Walk forth and view Eliziam,
Where happy Lovers, crow n’d with Flowr’s
_ Do fit and fing, in ftill-green Bow'rs;
And many {miling Vsrgins ftand,
Humbly expecting your Command.
Here Coy Adonis from his Bed iG &
Will rife, and raife his drooping Head,
Warm’d and Infpir’d by you, grow Wile,
And fall no more Love's Sacrifice
. Yield to Your Beauties greater pow-t, ”
: : For you may pluck his Virgin Flown: ro
S Self-lov'd Narciffus if he look
- ; ~- Onyout fair Eyes, will leave the Brook,
And Undeceived, foon willrue
He ever any Lov'd but You.
- [ftothe Hyacinth you turn,
< He Smiles, and quite forgets to Mourn.
. The inamout’d Heliotrope will run
3 To your bright Stars, and leave the Sun.
3 Our Lillies here do make no fhow,
= | They Whiter on your Bofom grow,
And Violets appear but Stains,
: Compared with your blewer Veins:
‘ Yet to Invoke you, when they bow,
: Propitious Heaven perfumes their Vow.
The (ow/lip Cups, by Heba fill'd
With Near, from the Gods diftill'd,
Prefented is unto your Tafte,
= That Beauties prime may evet laft.
-- New-blown Buds, all Scents excelling,
‘ae As you pals by, invite your Smelling.
he
The crafty Flow’rs well knowing this
The onely fleight to fteal a Kifs.
Mark how the glorious Tulips rife
In Various drels, to take your Eyes,
And how the fair’ ftandall the reft —
Scrive, which fhall triumph on your Breft.
But heark, methinks near yonder Well,
Thearthe voice of Philomel , 7
Seeming to challenge a difpute,
“*Twixt her thrill Voice and your {weet Lute: -
Alas poor Bird thou wanteft Art,
One touch of Yours will break her Heart,
And as the falls, Sing but one ftrain,
‘Twill peece her broken Heart again.
Thus your rich Beauty and rare Parts
Excel all Flow’rs, exceed all’Arts.
Live then {weet Lady, to inherit —
Your Fathers Fortune, and his Spirit,
Your Mothers Faces Attract ais |
Then dye a Saint,andbeEnfhrind: ss
7 ®:
ee,
7 The Fair and Virtuous Lady, |
M*TREVER HAN MEF,
Now Wife to . |
S 70H NO WARK ER Knight,
Irtue, and Beauty, with kind Nature joyn’d,
To frame a Body, and adorn a Mind :
Virtue took all the Graces for her guide,
And Beauty,Love with all the Flow'rs befide.
Long Nature ftudied, in what mould to caft
This mafter-piece, concluded at thelaft,
It maft a Hanmer be, from whence or none,
She might expect [uch rare Perfection :
And having brought this noble Work to view
Of mortal Eyes, we all conclude °tw You ;
For Thofe bright Heroes would fair Virtue find,
Need fearch no farther than your beauteous Mind :
And if for Beauty curious eyes do feek, .
They! find it flourifh in your lovely Cheek ;
And now thofe Flow’rs, from whence at firft it grew,
Return again,with love to wait on you.
Deign then, fweet Lady, but one cheerful ray
From your Fair Eyes; “twill drive thofe damps away, |
Which fiupid Ignorance on them would caft,
And, at one breath, their Sweets and Glories blaft.
Ble|s with your fweeter breath the Myrtle Bow’rs;
And be the Genius of thefe Plants and Flow’ rs.
To the fame Lady.
OT (0 fearch the Indies for their Balm and Spice,
Rifle the treafure of old Paradife,
E_nter all Breafts where Innocence doth dwell,
V ifit the Pulpit, or the Fryers Cell,
O + fearch the Sea, and peirce the riche/? Mines,
R_anore the Legend of the Saints, and Shrines ;
How needle/s then would all this labour be
A t our return, when we amazd fhould fee
N ature and Virtue had each fev ral grace
M_ ade to inhabit in one Breaft and Face ?
E ndthenour firife, and in her Beanteous Namé,
R ead all Perfeétion, and from whence it came.
Madam,
T bough yan Wa PME AIO LOA INGE
Your Virtues [peak you Still the fame =
As when th Acroftick frft was writ, —
Therefore t were fin to alter it. 3
and weaned from other delights) find my felf nae A
in this retired folitude, than in all the buftles and bufic
To the Reader.
ders , that it were becter to make ule of fome of the belt
materials, in the erecting of.a New. peice, than to repair
and accommodate the Old, fitter to be fafhioned into
the form: of aFlorilege ; furnifhed with allrequifites be-
longingte 2 Florift, chan continued in the old methed of
an Herbal, and inftead of old hames , uncertain. places,
and little or no virtues, to infert fome other things much
more confiderable. mSif 21S oH ! Wee |
| And now ingeniéus Reader, having told the occalion,
and by. what fteps I attained to this humble deoree of
knowledge, I-fhail proceed to acquaint'you with.what
maybe expected, eitherin Method, or Matter, from my
performance. | .
os Bene docet, gus bene diftinguit. ai
« In three Books therefore, asin fo many Beds, -haveF
ladged- Earths Beauties, each Book having a peculiar T?-
tle, anid each Beda TutelarDeity. ie shavgres. :
_ The fir Book; under the Title of Flora, the Flo Wery:
Goddels , gives you feveral forms, and apt diréétions,
hew to make, plant, preferve, and keep both Fruie and
Flower-Gardens , furnifhed wich the choice Plantgit
Flowers, and Fruits that will endure the extremity of out
long Winters; defcribing all fuch as are not vulgarly
known, witit certain andaflured direGtions how to (er
make grow, increafe, and preferve each particular i asal’
fo for the raifing-of new Varieties, not taken our of
fimple Books (che Publifhers and Retainers of many Uns
truths ) but learned from my own Practical expe
TIENCEs : ‘ é
ren ere
—
. The fecond Book carries the Title of Ceres , the Gods
defs of Seeds and Tillage; and the prefents you with her
Harvelt-Garland, made up with fuch Plants and Flowers
as are yearly, or every other year railed from Seeds, with’
directions for the Sowing, tran{planting , and difpofing:
cach of them. © ‘ : The
hee. the Reader. 2
The Third and lat Book-, intituled Pomona , inivices
ou'td a Banquet of the beft Garden-Fruits our cold’
a
Northern Country will afford; acquaints'you with their
Names and Qualities, and how to Plant, Propagate and”
Improvethem ; as alfo what Vinesare fitceft for our Cli-
mates<whicharethe beft Berries , and brings you at laft,,
to ret in a Grove of ever-green Trees and flowering
Shrubs, informing how to Plant, Order , and Difpofe
As for the cutting the Figures of every Plant, efpeci-
ally in Wood , as Mr. Parkinfon hath done, | hold to be
altogether needlefs ; fuch Artlefs things, being good
for nothing, unlefsto raife the Price of the Book, ferving
neither for Ornament or Information, but rather to puzzle
and affright the Spectators into an Averfion, than direct _
or invite their Affections ; for did his Flowersappear no
fairer on their ftalks inthe Garden, than they do on the
leaves of his Book; -few Ladies would be in love with
them, much more than they are with his lovely Picture.
[have therefore {pared my felf and others fuch urinecef-
fary Charge, and onely added fome draughts for Flower-
Gardens. ; |
I (hall not attempt to celebrate fo fublime a fubjeé as
this inhand, finceall the Flowers that are co be foun
in Rhetorick, hold no comparifon with thofe of the
Garden, neither will I throw away @ word to ftop the
Mouth of malicious Ignorance , the Cenfures of fuch
- commonly proving Praifes ; the Judicious better Appro-
ving what they fhall heat Condemned by fo unworthy
Judges.
Certainly there are miany, befides my felf, that are ta-
ken with thealluring Charms of this lovely Recreation ;
to whom this Book may be Beneficial , and I-wifh as
advantageous, as lnow find fucha Work wonld have
been tome, when firft I began my Plantation; and if:
b2 thefe
Soa To the Reader.
thefe my humble Endeavours have the good fortune to
find a friendly Acceptance , I fhall think my time and
travel well beftewed; fince to gratifie the Lovers of this
delight, and to encreafetheir Number , is the higheft
ambition of
Tour sndeftrions fervant
|. Ree
5 lie ca scinuaeemecmti,
TO 7s £
LADIES
Ou Gentle Ladies that would know
What in Adonis Gardens grow
Walk forth with me, and I will brin g
Yau to the Beauties of the Spring.
3 . Firft we' will view the Myrtle Grove,
And there fabute the Queen of Love,
With Daphne, fair as when alive,
Clos'din aVerdant Vegetive, .
Then toth’ Enamel d- Senks wee'l ga;
And as the dainty Flomers blo,
We there will pick out all the fair,
To make frelh Chaplets for your hair,
See where the Primrofes appear,
With other * pad ies Lae : st ie
tee aK rene ae Se! sy ufh vim-
for tobe fhown rofes.
** Now the rare Daftodills are blown :
Mark in what Order they do fand,
Bowing their Heads to ki{s your Hand,
And then with yellow F ealoufie,
Rival’d by richer Beauties, dyes
For fee the* Auriculaes come forth, _ a ee
Adorn'd with Dies of much more worth, ‘oa
And fair Eyes tmwinckling on each fem, a:
The Heavenly Beat fhines aot like them:
But then the. rare Anemonies
Appear and challenge all the prize,
In various colours richly dreft,
And might be chofen for the beft,
Did not now Phoebus call tarife
The Tulips , todelight you Eyes
With glorious Garments rich and mews
Excehing alin Eden grems >
Like the Rich Glutton fame are dight
Ia Tyrian Purple ana fine White ;
Ana 3 bri ait Crimpen others fhine,
Impal’d with White and Graydeline :
The meaneft here you cau behold, ; :
Is Cloth'd in Scarlet, tac’d with Gold. ot eles “
But then the* Queen of al delight
Wears Graydeling Scarlet and White:
: . , “a
* Paler Zig Ysy
a Jefuite in
» Names of
fine Tulips.
is ¢
Ieeperial.
?
So interweven and fo plac'd,
That all the other are difgrac’d se,
When fhe appears, and doth impart
Her Native Beautiesfhaming Arte,
Once did that famous * Fe{uite try
To Copy out her Majefty, .
But falling hort of hw defire,
He left his Pencil to admire,
Neer to this Queen on either hand,
As lovely Maids of Honor, ftand
The* Orient Virgin in def{pair, >
And” Leopaldus Miftre/s fair,
Viewing Grand-purpur, in aray *
So Rich, may challenge all the day ;
And many more, which to expre[s
The manner of their curious dre[s,
Would Pens and Pencils fet at ftrife,
Yet neither render half the life,
But fee they fade and feem to dye,
The Dews to weep their Obfequy;
And all their luftre vanifh quite,
That lately were fo fair, fo bright =
Yet Gentle Ladies do not fear,
They l [pring again another year:
For
Onely difroba to goto Bed, teas
And there {ecured from all harms,
Reft in their tender Mothers Arms,
Beauties walk on, why droop yee thes ?
Look where the brave Ranunculus |
With Scarlet Robes appear in State,
And double Ruffs ingeminate :
Montter airs $y ted
From Forein foils hither tranflated, -
Thrive by the Florilts skill and care,
In this lean Earth and Northern Air,
And now behold as you pals by |
The White, the Purple, and Blufh Peony;
With (ome fair Lillies that invites
The double Red, and double White :
Who now their Beauties do difclofe, —
To entertain the lovely Rofe, |
The White, and Red,together meet,
To match their mixture by your Cheeks
And now I find my thoughts prove true,
From thence the Rofa-mundi grew.
See how your prefence makes te :
The™* Damask and the Cry talline,
Marbled with varied colours (pred,
The gallant Belgick, Blufh-and Red,
€ nt Dédds... to hg.
yt ee
That
That Thornle[s Bryer there doth twine;
withthe fweetdoubleEglantine, = |
Brings forth fine Flow'rs that doexcell ©
As wellin Beauty, asin Smell ; ar
And in this clear, and [weeter Air,
The Double Yehaw looks moff fair, -
The Damask Province,and the Red,
Do now appear no better [pred ~
Their folded Bids upon each fiem~
Expect your Breath toopenthem, =
That fo perfum'd they may difclofe, =
And each appeara Fragrant Rife:
The vartows Flow'r of * Chaltedon;: *. ) * aria Chatidos
Bulb'd Iris,yand the Martagon, ee
With ab elfeblowns you way Japeele ~y
Ave fervaats to attend the Rote, ae
But June w paftythe Rofie Bowers
Give place unto the Gilliflowéts,
weep comely Forms; awd Colours fait, = =
With odorous Breath} pérfuming Air, ~~
° And Merry looks, invite your Eyes
To veiw theirchoice varteti¢s.<
: How big with Flows their ™ Be
é
a ea yy eeu, 3 2
| AS eget feemg as Oi Hy pac
_ Lucina aasye TC" ede ay to break che
Help Ladies fortoholdthe Back; . pods,
__Left that their tender Wombs fhould crack}
~*so,pow tis well, doubtle[s next morn
You'l [ee a dainty Beauty born,
With [o many lovely Graces;
Matching the Tindture of your Faces 5
All wik conclude, but firft admire,
as That joung Adonis was the Sire,
And Venus mut the Mother be
of ab Fair Infants which you {ee 2
Kor Children of anUnchaft Mother
mee eldoms like to one another ;
: And markthém well, yow l find each one
ae < Of different complexion, ==
a8 V ar'ing in Stature, Form, or Air,
< And none of them of Vulcan's Hair)
"Ts a fadtruth, and their owncafe,
. 9 OM ‘them are of “ Spurious Races teases
“* <* “ For the Legitimate are gone; =A =
And there remains {carce any one
Defcended from the Nobler kind,
Fortune to [uch hath long been blind,
Ladies methinks you are not Merry,
Sure this long Walk hath made you Wear];
But if joulike this harmle[s play; =
Pile meet you here anether day 5
= ‘When to their Quarters we will gO; :
Where they thevafelves [hall let you kno y
| Whichin each kind doth moft excell.
vith all their Names,and where pone :
And then you'l hear thew beg, and {ue,
That they may come towait on you,
Ladies before you bid adieu, ..-
- [Aigar what the Author wifhet h you,
' May all the feveral Ornaments You wear.
Be luke thefe Flow'rs wapewed ev'ry Year?
% And Yon,like them, [ytbplendid Graces win,
segasmiasee< You know the Lillies neither & Spi
Silent as Flow'rs ma You in V; GT OW,
Till rip ning Time feel wake you fit to blow,
Then Flourilh long,.and Seeding leave bebind .
A numerous off- {pring of your Dainty kind +.
And when Fate calls , have nothing to Repent,
But Dye like Flow'rs, Virtnous and Innocent, — -
Then all your fellow Flow'rs, both Fair and Swett, .
, Will come with Tears’, todeck your Winding-|beet 5
35 deat ® Hang down their Penfive Heads fo dew'd, and crave
Gill Basic 45 —
0 your perfume d Grave.
t . ee a an eile pices ama ee
eB ‘ ee
oe gag
2 od See SONS TESRT Thee
es st Wee 7 R *
= = ei 7 4
ey 4 ey SE OS od at
ae ae
eark :
: . + *
. “ , 4 . ~
*
. Y was
he fa es T- es ea ae
Sp
=e
ew. AG
oie
re 7 r
ERG
i
Of the making and planting of Fruit and Flower: gardens, With a
Nuircery for Fruits and Flowers to furnifh both.
Air Houfes are more frequent than fine Gardens ; the
firft effe&ed by Artificers ongly, the later requiring
_ more, skiltia.the,Qwner: few, Gardens being found
well furnithed out of the hands of an affectionate Flo;
rift, The love of fucha Matter will keep each tender
~...... Plantalive, his care and skill hath collected : for ne-
ver wasany Art or Excellence. liked or loved by the Ignorant , itis
Knowledge that begets Affection; and Affection increafeth Know-
ledge... Love was the Inventer, and is {till the Maintainer, of every
noble Science,., . It is chiefly that which hath made my Flowers .and
‘Trees to Aourith, though planted in a barten Defart,,. and hath
brought me tothe knowledge I dew have in Plants and Planting :
for indeed it is impofsible for any mish to have any confiderable Gol-
Jeétion.of noble Plants to profper, unlefs he love them : for either
the goodnels of the Soil, nor the advantage of the Situation, will do
it, without the Mafters affection: itis that which animates, and ren-
ders them ftrong and, vigorous ; without whick they will languith
-anddecay through neglect, and foon'ceafe to do him fervice,
~~ Faye fen many Gardens of the new model, in the hands of un-
skilful perfons, with good Walls, Walks and Grafs-plots ; but in
the mott effential adornments fo deficient, thata green Medow isa
more delightful object : there Nature alone, without the aid of Art,
{preads her verdant Carpets, fpontaneoufly imbroydered with many
_ prety Plants and pjeafing Flowers, far more inviting than fuch an
jmmured Nothing. _ And as noble Fountains, Grottoes, Statues, &c,
“are excellent ornaments and marks of Magnificence ;. fo all fuchdead
works in Garderis, ill'done, are little better than blocks in the way
to interrupt the fight, but fot atall to fatishie the undérftanding.
7, G A choice
Feo R 4H = Book I
A choice Colleation of living Beauties, rare Plants, Flowers and
Fruits, are indeed the wealth, glory and delight ofa Garden, and
heimelt abfolure indications of the Owners ingenuity , whofe skill
reis chiefly required in thei: Choice, Culture, and Pofition,
ye known many Perfons of Fortune pretend much affection to
3, but very unwilling to pare with any thing to purchafe
sm; yet if obtained by begging, or perhaps by ftealing, content-
ed to give t eacnegagincas : An Unworthinefs more whpardon-
able in the Rich, than punifhable in fuch Poor as fteal through want,
And perhaps to fomehemay feemnowifer, that parts with forty or
fifty pounds for an Horfe orMawk, which muft be daily fed and at-
fs ives ny fhillings fora noble Plant or
beautiful Flower, that needs little.of either, But our faces are not
more variable than our affections, and, I fear, that to Flowers js
too innocent for this Age (guilty of fo much wickednefs) to take de-
light in, Yet fince our long Winter is fo well over, and our illuftri-
ous late-obfcured Luminaries have now regained their former {plen-
dour, Ifhall adventure to bring forth my Plants and Flowers into
the open air: but before I unveil their beauties, or difcover their qua-
~ Jities, it willbe neceffary to prepare their lodgings, places to plant
them, ‘Thusmuch’by the way as we pafs tothe Garden,
“‘Tfhall now proceed to inform all fuch as defire to’be Florifts, how
they may ot Gardens themfelves,
afsifted onely by ordinary Labourers in which undertaking it is. no
my intention to-intrude upon the Gardeners trade, nor to amufe the
Readets with Romantick Inventions ; but (asa Florift) to acquaint
the unskilful with fuch Rules and apt Forms, as may’be fit for the
planting and difpofing of the beft Flowers , and in fo plain and eafie
amethod, that every'perfon‘of any capacity may be enabled thereby
to be his own Gardener, obferving that which followeth,
Tothe'Habitation of every Gentleman, or Perfon of confiderable
Fortune and Ingenuity, ‘there ‘fhould ‘belong two feveral Gardens
joytied.cogether, and onely divided witha Wall, fo as theremay be
a paffage out’ef the one irito the other ; and ‘both of thefe for delight,
recreation, andétiterrainment, As for the Kitchen-garden, a place
more remote willbe requifite, ‘ferving onely for the publick ufe of
the Family : but thefe two Gardens of delight would be feated on
the South fide of the Houfe, in refpee& of profpee ‘from the ‘Win-
dows, andthe benefit of Sun,and Shelter, which many tender Plaats,
Fruits and Flowers doneceffarily require, ‘Some toabate'the rigour
of the North and Eaft'winds, plant Pear-trees, Elms, or Sicamores,
indefault of Buildings, at convenient diftance without ‘the walls ;
which may be confidered upon fight of the place, for Situations are
fovarious, that no pofitive Rules ‘can pofsibly ferveto fit all: be-
fides, every one abounds with'his own reafon, and may adde or alter
as the place and his purpofe fhall require, 4 7
The
.
*
Book I. FLORA.
The mof graceful grounds for thefe Gardens, is an intireleyel ,
and the beft Soil, is that, which is neither Clay nor Sand, but parta+.
King of both: and if either, it may be much helped by Compoft
Hanging grounds, uncapable to be caft into a Level, feldome make
handfom Gardens : fuch mutt be divided into parts with Defc NLS, a
the convenience of the place will afford « in the defigning and order-
ing whereof, I fhall advife all fuch asare unexpert in fuch operati-
ons, tobe guided by fome honeft, and skilful Gardener, or other
experienced perfon, upon whofe judgement they may relie, and not
truft co the dictates of a green fancy, left they imploy their pains to
_ purchafe repentance, as I know many have done,
The firlt of thefé Gardens of Delight, We will call the Fruit-gar-
den, the other the Flower-garden; which would be leffer, and placed
immediately under the walls of the houfe, the other on the Eat or
Welt fide thereof, according to the quality of theplace, I thall
not advife any, tomake either of thefe Gardens toobig, for fuch are
commonly ill furnifhed, and worfe kept. Fourfcore yards {quare
for the Fruit, and Thirty for the Flower-carden willbe enough for a
Noble-mam: but fora private Gentleman, Forty for the one, and
‘Twenty for the other will be fufficient 5 and fo bigger or Jeffer, ac-
cording to the draught you make choice of, or the fortume and fancy
Of the OWN¢ sj .gaidupatinaitamuiaeamnnctens er =.
If you are to inclofe anew ground for a Garden, be cateful in pla-
cing che Walls,that the fize, ficuation and form, may all be anfwera-
ble to your intended plot: the ground exactly meafured, and tried,
that the Walls may be neither out of {quare or level, which will much
advantage the work which is tofollow. For the Foundation and a
foot higher, Stone may ferve, but after Brick is beft ; taifing them
nine foot higtrat che leaft, on the infide the Garden, and {cued only
on the outfide , and for dividing the Fruit from the Flower-cayden,
a thin wall of five or fix foot high may ferve ; or elfe half Pales, cur
with handfom heads, and put intoa Brick colour, with equal porti-
ons of red Lead and Ochre, ground on a Painters ftone with Linfeed
Oyl, ferving fitly for the planting of fine Rofes, on either fide,
The walls being finifhed, the ground is to be prepared for planting :
and firft we will begin with the Fruit-garden, paler |
In the firft place you are to divide the Walls for Trees : allowing |
about twelve foot in large Gardens betwixt them, and half the mea-
fureat the corners: in leffer Gardens ten foot or thereabouts, more
or lefs, according to the {preading of the trees you intend to plan.
Mark the places where they are to be fet; then trench the Borders
round about the walls a yard wide; and about two foot deep ; but
about the places marked for trees, two yards {quare, that their roots
may have room to {pread, cafting therein good ftore of old,well-rar-
ted Neats dung, which will Jaft much longer than that of Horfes =
and let it be all over about a foot rks well mingled ae
; rs :
th,
| BR LeO-R: 4 Book I.
Earth, aiid troden down: then lay thereon ahother courfe of Earth
mixed with Dung, and therewith raife the Borders to the height de-
fired: then mark and ftake out the form of the whole Garden, accor-
ding to the defign or draught you fhall fancy ; fo that you may know
the places where the Beds and Borders will be; thewhich muft be
— trenched, and dunged as the former : but before you begin to fet out
any part of the Garden, the whole muft be well digged, and caft in
toa level, from fide to fide,
The ground thus prepared, atid having provided fawed Rails, five
inches broad, and an inch and quarter thick, that have been laid
ftraight, and feafoned a year at theleaft, let them belined on the
upper edge, gaged toa thigknefs, {moothed with a Plain, on that
edge, anid outer fide, fitted to lengths, and pieced according to the
Timber, and order of the work: you may put them intoa Stone-co-
lour, with white Lead, common Cerufe, or London white, fome
Charcoal, and Linfeed oy] ground together ona Painters ftone: but,
the Rails, and the Stone-colour will laft much longer, if they be firft
well primed with red Lead and Umber ground as the former: then
after the Colours are drie,and the Rails fitted to their places, nail on
the infides thereof, pieces of hard wood that will Jaft, about half a
yard long, placing them an inch under the upper edge : ifyou fet
them too thin, the Rails will be apt to warp, and turn with the Sun:
ne with difcreti let thefe feet into the
Is kept ftraight and level, raifed up, that they
+ fide above the ground, after the
Allies are gravelledand made: then fill every Bed and Border with
cood fcreened or fifted earth, and leave them like a‘ridge, higher
fey
than the Railsin the middle, |
“The next work, is to prepare the places intended for Grafs, and to
provide Purfs for them, Firft, level the ground, and confider the
thicknefs of the Turfs, which when layed, mutt be three inches low-
er than the upper edge of the Rails, and the Allies four inches, fo the
Grafs will be an inch higher,remembrin ftill from the Rails to fetch
your meafures, and level, to keep the te work in order ; and if
thegtound under the Turfs be not barren of it felf, it fhould be
covered fome thicknefs with hungry Sand to makeit fo, that the
- grafs grow not too rank, The beft Turfs for this purpofe are had in the
moft hungry Common, and where the grafs is thick and fhort, prick
down a line eight or ten foot long, and with a Spade cut the Turfs
thereby, then thift the line a foot or fifteen inches further, and fo
proceed untill you have cut fo far as you defire, then crofs the line to
the fame breadth, that the Turfs may be fquare, and cut them there-
by : then with a ftraig ht bitted Spade, or Turving-Iron (which many
for that purpofe provide) and afhort cord tied toitnear the Bit, and
| the
Book I: FLOR A 7
the other end to the midle of a ftrong ftaff, whereby one thrufting
the Spade forward under the Turfs, and another by the ftaff pulling
backward, they will eafily be flaied and taken up, but not too many
at a time tor dtying, but as they are laid , which muft bedone by a
line, and along level, placing them clofe together, and beating them |
down witha Mallet : having covered the quarter, or place intended,
let it be well watered, and beaten all over with a heavy broad Beat-
er = Laftly, cut away byaline what is fuperfluous, that the fides
may be ftraight and eaven, or in what work you fisall pleafe to fancy.
The Grafs-plots being finifhed, you may proceed to gravel the
Walks and Allies,. T here’are feveral kinds of Gravel,the Cat-brain-
ed binding gravel is the beft, and the loofe Sandy gravel the worft ;
lay it fomething thick, and. beat down. every. courfe, the worfer in
the bottom, and fine {creerled gravel on the top, andin finifhing,
Jeave the Walks a little round in the middle; for the level,cheRails on
either fide will direét you that you cannot erre, remembring to lay
the Walks and Allies four inches under the edge of the rails: thefe
Walks and Grafs-plots mutt be often rolled witha weighty ftone rol-
ler to keep them {mooth and in good order, Andnow this Garden
is ready to be planted with Trees, Shrubs and Flowers, each thing in
its proper feafon,
ers, wherewith this or the Flower-garden 1s to be furnifhed, it is
needlefs to be here expreffed, for thatat the end ofevery Chapter,
where each particular is treated of, you will find ample direction fee
the doing thereof, , near Mon: to
In default of Timber to make Rails of the thicknefs forementio-
ned, Inch-boards flit to the breadth may ferve, and fome makeufe
of Tiles-or Bricks moulded on purpofe, but both thefe are apt to
break with the Frofts, and to be out of order, Some are at the
charge to fet their Gardens with Free-ftone, hewed for the purpofe,
which ftanding in the ground (unlefs it be very good) will moulder
away, and cleave with the Winter-frofts, Next to the foremen-
tioned Rails, Box well fet isthe beft to border large Beds in a Frajt-
garden,
FLORA Book I
tarden, and fuits very well with Grafs, and may fitly ferve for all but
the Borders to the Walls, which would be kept up with Rails,
Pallifado’s (or, as we ufually call them, Pole-hedges) are much.
in fafhion in France; and there fet with dwarf Eruit-trees ; fuch are
troublefom to keep in order, and fubject to ftrong Winds, fit onely
- for fpacious Gardens : but the beft hedges for our Countrey are thofe
fet with Pyracanthaand Phyllirea 5 and for lower in leffer Gardens,
Celaftrus and Alaternus ; thefe will be alternately green, and cor-
refpond exceeding well with Box and Grafs : thefe Hedges mut be
kepc narrow, and fupported with ftakes; rods or laths on either fide,
and as they grow, cut ftraight by aline on thetop, and evenon the
fides, How toraife thefe Plants, andwhento fet them, you may
find direéted in the places where they are defcribed,
- And now having done with the Fruit-garden, and made it a fit re-
pofitory for Fruits, Plants and Flowers of the more common kinds ;
we will proceed tothe Flower-garden, andfa{bion it in the form of a
Cabinet, with feveral boxes fit to receive, and fecurely to keep, Na-
tures choiceft jewels;
Having made choice ofa Plot that for meafure may fit the place,
and ftand provided of R ails four inches broad, and an inch and quar-
terthicky thee have been well piled, kept ftraight, and feafoned,
you muft make ufeoffome-underti anding. Joyner to work them’;
firft he muft be made acquainted withthe Draught, whereby he
may know the length of every Piece from each corner and angle,
(allowing for the joyning them together) and alfo the number of Pie-
ces in every length; which being cut out, maft be lined, gaged and
plained,as before is directed in the Fruit-garden ; thefe only differing,
in that they are to be moulded with an halt Round on the outer edge,
The Rails thus prepared,in the greatAllies,near the place where they _
are to ftand,may be joyn’d and faft nail’d together at every corner and
angle, and as the feveral Pieces are finifhec, fet on the ground (which
mutt firft be levell’d) in their proper places ; and when all is finifhed,
fet them exactly by a line;a long level, and a ftanding meafure, for the
breadth ofthe inner Alleys, which muft be as broad as the Beds,
Every Piece, if they be of equal and true meafure, perfectly _
{quare at each corner andangle, will anfwer tothe Line every way.
When they are thus placed, and having prepared many pieces of
hard wood, of half a yard long, and ofaconfiderable bignefs, that
they may laft the longer, let them into the ground on the infide the
Rails, aninchunder the upper edge, and there nail and faften them ;
the more of thefe feet you make ufe of, the fafter and better the work
will ftand, and not warp or turn with the heat of the Sun, Betore
the holes be filled, prime the Rails with Linfeed-oyl, Red-lead and
Umber, well ground ona Painters ftone, and after put them intoa
Stone-colour, with any of the forementioned Whites, Charcoal and
Oil: asfoon asthe Colours are dry, place the Rails exactly, and
try them every way with the line and level, filling and ramming the
feer
4%
Book I. FLORA
feet hard,that they may not ftir outof their places, TheBorders about
the Walls are to beof the fame breadth and level with the Beds, and
railed about on all fides after thefame manner, All which diligently
performed, take the Earth out of every Bed and Border by degreesas
you work them, about two foot deep, and lay the {ame in che Al-
leys, norftirring the Feet, then coverthe bottoms all over with
good old Neats dung, that it may be fix inches thick, after itis hard
trodden: next skreenthe Earth, or fift ic througha Wier-riddel,
and do thelike by old Dung rotted to Earth, fpread chin on’ the
ground todry, that itmay che better pafs through rhe Skreen.ar —
Riddel, and fill che Beds and Borders therewith, putting in almoft
as much of the oneas'the orler, more or lefs as rhe Earth is ingood-
nefs, which ftirup and mingle well together, and fo proceed uneill
all’be finifhed, Laftly,; make the Alleys, whofe within the Fret,
raifed with good binding ‘Sand, laid‘fimooth, and hard beaten, forhat
they may all lie level threeinchesiunder the mpperedgeof theRails.
Kor this Garden I defign oneof the Draughts of rwenty three divui-
ons, “and:each tobe two foos fix inches broad, then the Fret will ibe
nineteen yards fix inches {quare, mext thereuntoan Alley of the fame
breadth round about, then a Border ofthe fame breadth sailed about
as the Beds, ‘broken about ayard.and half wide for goings in, inthe
middleof every fide, then clofeupto theouter Rail, on theunfide
put Poftsinto the ground at each corner andend, with others be-
pwixt them equally. divided; .chefe- Potts dauft ibe of good fawed
Ti of about five inches fquare, and'four foot highabove:the
Rails, ‘let'them be wellrammrd, and of equal!height, fafteming .on
the heads thereof Rails ofithefame:breadth, unto which, and tharat
the foot, nail good well-prepared Lathsfloping, fix inches afunder,
oth waysichequer-wife, as.every Joyner knows hows this Lattice-
frame being wellmade, may be firt primed.white, :and after. colour-
edgreen in oil, with'Pink and Verdigreefe,.orO cand Indi
‘The'R ailnext to theFret muft be-anfwerable thereunto,and:the:Bor-
derifilled according tovhereft, . All which \performed, gravel che
great Alley, -and coat itwith the fame ‘Sand, thatit may -be of che
-colourot the:reft, AI iiss + or
This inner Alley and Borderwill cakewpehreeyards and onefoor,
‘the Borderstothe Walls:one\yasd andiewo'foot, the great Alleys
fiveyards, two foot and fixiinches, sowhich nineteen yardsand ds
‘inches (the meafure of the Fret) being added, the whdletGardenfrom
-wall to wall will’be juftchirty yardsifquave, 9 8 © ae
-_ And-becaule divers haverGardensalueady -enclofed, that themea-
fareof thet ioned Frepwill:not fit, 1 have therefore defigned
Draughtsof feveral ‘fizes, \that every one:may itake:that which ibeft
agrees withthis:ground,.and is moftproper for hispurpofe : thefame
Rules (before expreffed) ferving for-all, onely alrering che Meafures
forthe breadthof the Beds :and Alleys, obferving ithe tme. divifion,
vof which every'Pret may be, what willsbeft agree »with ithe: place
from two foot toayard, ‘And thofe that want Tunberao coe
3 Rails
KF IS00R) A Book T.
Rails after the manner before direéted, may fet the Beds and Botders
with French Box, and inftead of thetorementioned Lattice make a
thin Pole-hedge with Celaftrus; Alaturnus, Pyracantha and Phyllirea,
or what of thefe hecan get, which being ever green will agree very
sell with the Box : but the Borders to the Walls neverthelefs muft
be fupported with Rails, to keep them and the Walks divided and in
goodorder,. =:
[know 2 Garden fo fet with Box will thew very well, and (if care-
fully kept) will laft many years ; but it will be three years before the
Box be grown to perfection, befides, the Roots, ifnot cut away on
the infide with a keen Spade every other year, will run into the Beds,
and draw from the Flowers much of their nourifhment: alfo it mutt
be kept cut, and feared three times every year at leaft ; whereas a
Garden fet with Rails is free from all thefe inconveniences, prefently
in perfection, and kept with little labour, onely rolling the great
Alleys, {moothing the reft; anid weeding the Beds , which, though
often ftirred and turned over intaking up Roots, mending the Soil
withfifted Dung, or planting again, you need not fear to lofe the
Level, the Rails will ftill dire& you: andas the Ground finks, the
fame mutt be raifed again with good Earth ming with Lime and
Dung, which hath layen onan a to rot the beft part ofa year, that
-it may be fifted andimployed to that purpofe, And as I told you ia
‘theformer, Garden, when you earth up thefe Beds, lay them not
flat, but fo ine j. cowards the. middle ,. efpecially if the
-Ground be apt to hold wet, "Phe greateftcare, skilland curiofity ts
required in the ordering, difpofing, planting and preferving each rare
-Plantandtender Flower, wherewith this Garden is to be furnifhed,
‘and; although you may find ample direction at the end of each Chap-
ter (where the particulars are inferted) for the doing thereof, yet a
word or two in this place will be neceffary, for the placing iome
plants and Flowers inthis Garden, which we defign to be of thirty
yards {quare,with a railed Fret of twenty three divifions,and a latticed
Botder ; and firft we will begin with the Walls , thofe on that fide
wopen to the South, or South-eaft, I would have planted with the
belt Reaches and Neéforines, fet twelve foot afunder, and an Indian
Gefmine and dowble Clematws inthe middle betwixt thofe Trees that
ftand next tothiecorners, and adeuble-flewered Pomgranate betwixt
each of the other; the Eaft and Welt fides with the beft Plums and
Cherries ; andthe North fide (if the Walls be high) with the beft
Pears grafted in Quince-{tocks, anid betwixt every two of thefe Trees
atallftandard Refe-tree, ordered in fach manner as in the Chapter of
_- Rofesis direéted, that each may bear feveral coloured Refes om one :
ftock. The Borders'to the Walls are beft to plant Aaricula, red
Primrofes, Hepaticaes, double Refe-chenree double Non{uch, double
Dames-violet, the beft Wall-flowers, double Stock-giliflowers, and
many other things you will find directed to be planted under Walls,
The inner fide of the Lattice isto-be fet round about with feveral
forts of fine Rofes, cut near the ground, that the new Shoots may
be wound into the Lattice all aver, and no place Jeft bare, the ie
| mutt
gil
Book I. | P.O 7.
muft be feafonably cut on the top eaven with the Rail, and alfo on
the fides; fo in two or three years you will havea noble Hedge of,
Rofes, whichwill be an excellent ornament to the Garden, Thé
Border next this a hiese is chiefly intended to place Pots upon,
on all fides, with the belt Giliflowers, Auricula’s, Myrtles, Olean-
ders, andall other potted Plants, onely the edge next the Rail is to
be fet with all the feveral forts of Crocus; mingling and placing to-
~ gether fuchas are of a feafon,
Now for planting the Beds in the Fret, you muft confider ever
piece, and place the Roots fo as thofe ofa kind fet in feveral Beds
may anfwer one another ; as in the corners of each Bed the beft |
Crowa-Imperials, Lilies, Martagons, and{uch tall Flowers ; inthe
middles of the five Squares great Tufts of the beft Péonies, and
round about them feveral forts of Cyclamen; the reft with Daffodils,
Hyacinths, and {uch like : the ftreight Beds are fit for the belt Tulips,
eS account may be kept of them: Rasanculws and Anemonies alfo
require particular Beds; the reft may beferall over wich the more
ordinary forts of Tulips, Frittillaries, bulbed Iris; and all other. kinds
of good Roots, in fuch fort as you will find directed where they are
defcribed; . And every year, as your ftock incréafeth; you may dif-
pofe them according to your own fancy, or altér the places ofany
Roots that lofe their Fibres, at your. pleafure sy but fuch Flowers,
whofe Roots retair shiginansconidetate'y to be placed at firft,
where they may ftand divers years without removing,
Ic will be requifite to have in the middle of one fide of this Flower-
arden a handfom OGanguiar Somer-houfe, roofed every way, and
finely painted with Landskips, and other conceits, furnifhed with
Seats about, anda Table in the middle, which fervech not onely for
delight and entertainment, to fitinand behold the beauties of the
Flowers, bue for many other neceffary purpofes ; as to put. the
Roots of Tulips andother Flowers in, as they are taken up, upon
Papers, with the names upon them, untill chey be dried, thac ory
may be wrapped up and put in Boxes ; for writing the names, both
in planting and taking up, of all Flowers, in order as you difpote
them: for fheler in cafe of a fudden fhowre of rain, and divers other
purpofes you will find this Houfe tobe fit for, which is indeed a
thing foneceffary, that it cannot (with any convenience) be wanting,
and therefore ought to be confidered in the fetting up of the Walls,
wherein iris to be placed, fo that it come not further into the Garden
than the juft breadth of the Border, for putting of it out of {quare,
Thefe Gardens will not be maintained and kept well furnithed,
without a Nurcery; as well of Stocks for Fruits, as of Flowers and
Seedlings, where many pretty Conclafions may be practifed for the
raifing of new varieties of divers kinds, which is indeed the principal
part ofa Floriff: and here youmay yearly make your Hot Bed, for
the raifing of choice Annuals, Inthe fide of this Nurcery you thould
alfo have a convenient Houfe to put io fuch neceflary Fools as are
| hoe to
FiEOR. 4 Book I.
‘
;
F
—T saris sae | -
being had in readinefs,ana applied + ith ¢ ble Pla
Flowers, whofe Defcriptions hereafrer follow, by the Rules thére
rdo ry be increafed, preferved,and kept in their beft perfe@ion,
c.
“oT he convenience of Water to thefe Gardens is very confiderable,
and if it be tobe drawn or pumped out of a Well, a Ciftermis necef-
fary, which filled, and let ftand in the Sun two or three days, willbe
fic to waterany young or tender Plane whatfoever: for which pur-
pofe you fhould have three Watering-pots, one of the Ordinary fa- |
fhion of Tin or white Iron, with aHead full of fmall holes s another .
with aPipe onely to let out the water; athird of Earth, ‘with a
fimall reeks and many {mall holesin the bottom: the firtt is to water
Plants in Somer 5 the fecond to water Pots with rank water; where-
in the dung of Sheep, Pigeons or Poulerey hath been imbibed, that
it may be put tothe Roots of Gidiflowers, and other houfed Plants,
without wetting or ftaining the Leaves or Branches ;_ the third being ©
put intoiwater will fillfrom the bottom, which will ftay in fo long
- as you ftop out the air with your Thamb at the top; this fitly ferveth
to water young and tender: Seedlings of Auricula, and {uch like,
without wathing the “Earth from them for by the motion of your
Thumb you may-caufe the water to fall gently upon them, more or
lefs, ‘as youthall defire, Tt isalfo neceffary to have a fmall Pamp;
cither of Wood or white Iron, about a yard long, with a Sucker and.
Sweep like ordinary Pumps, onely the lower end, and alfo the hole
inthe end of the Pipe from whence the water iffueth, if made of
wh, | | Wood,
Book I. FLOR 4.
Wood, are to be covered with Plates full of holes: with this Pump,
being put into. a Pail or Cowl of water, you may foon water a whole
Garden, but the chiefeft ufe of itis, to eject, water up into Wall-
trees to wath away Mill-dews, Caterpillars, and other noifom ver-
min, asalf@to caufe the Fruits in hot and dry feafons to betairer,
and to ripen much the better,
And iow, becaufe laying of Branches , plancin by Cuttings,
Budding,and the Hot Bed, are often mentioned in va ollowing Di-
rections, it will be neceffary, for the avoiding of Repetition, in chis
place to inform fuch as are to learn how thefe fevetal Operations are
to be performed,
And firft for the laying of Giliflowers, make choice of fueh Slips
as are fttongeft and fittelt to lay, prune the fides and ends of the top-
leaves, and under the middlemoft joyat cut the ftalk half through,
and flitthe fame upwards to the next joynt 5 make a hole in the
Earth fomething wide, and gently bend it down thereinto with a
(mall hooked ftick to keep it from rifing, then turn upthe head of
‘the Slip that the flic may open, in which pofture hold it with. one
handand earth it up wit the other, ‘oni it down to keep the
Slip upright ; laftly water it., Now there are fome good Slips thac,
grow fo far from the ground that they cannot be laid therein inthis
ele afeok & with a flit inthe one fide, through
which we draw the prepared Slip into the Pot, holding it down, and
covering the flit with a thin plate of Lead provided for the purpofes
bending the upper_end over the, edge of the Pot to ftay it, turning,
up the Slip, and filling the Pot with fine rich Earth preffed down
to keep it from rifing, Thefe mB Pots, and all other Slips laid,
muft be often watered, which will caufe them to get.toots the foon-
er, The beft time fer laying of Giliflowers is from the middle of
Fune to. the fame time in Faly ; the fooner the better; provided
the Slips be well grown, hard enough to endure cuttiig and bending. .
down; An the beginnin of September you may take them off with
Earthabout them, and fet them in Beds or Pots filled wich good
Earth before. prepared ; place, thefe Pots in the fhade, and fome-
times gently water them, but take heed of roo much wet, left itrot
the {mall fibres, and fo deftroy the young Plants , which, for pre-
vention of great Rains, oug be to be fheltered with a fhelf of t
Boards provided for the purpofe, which place not toowieat them, that
Now for the la ine of Rofes, Ga mines, freens, and other wood
Plants, after deena spaces y Layets, make choice of fiche
Shoots of the fame year are beft,and root fooneft; cut it half through
2 blunt-pointed Awl, in divers places about the flic take off
the tops of all laid Plants except Greens, then make a wide hole to
Sone | D2 hook
ii
Bo O° R i. Book I.
hook it down, and svi as in Gilliflowers, Infach Plants as are
unapt to root, ‘bind the upper end of the flit very bard with a Pack-
thred or Wier, which will {top the fap, and haften the effe@ defired 5
and fail not:to put fome rank Earth about the place layed, The beft
time to lay Greens, ot indeed any other Plants, is about the middle
of Auguft, that they may preparefor rooting at the Spring: thefe
Layers having paffed a year in the ground, will beready to be taken
off; andif you find them well rooted; it will be feafonable to re-
move them; otherwife they may ftay a year longer, All Layers
muft. be frequently watered; which will caufe them to root the.
better, 3 | | 3
Cuttings are to be taken as foon as the Sap begins torife, and cut
floping from a kno: or joynt,at the lower end, like a Deets foot, and
lett about a foot long, makeadeep Trench and lay them therein a
little floping, -fill the Trench with good Earth preffed down fome-
thing hard, within.two fingers of the fmaller ends, All Plants that
willgrow of Cutting, will root fooner being Jayed, but Cuttings
(of {uch Plants as we have not our felves) may be,had ot others, and
ed, asthe former,
As for Budding or Inoculating of Rofes, it is performed after the
faineymanner as:that -of Fruits, where among the feveral ways of
ering
Grafting you
) direction for the doing thereof,
+ a
= th ape
pas aS a i
} a eis Pe STisidagacs ™ we
"When you ateto make a Hot Bed, caft all your Horfe-dung and
wet Litter ona heap, ina corner of the Stable, that is of a fortnights ©
gathering, more or lefs, according to your ftore; then in the place
where you intend to make it, knock in four Stakes, which muft be
left.a yard at leaftaboveground, place them at the corners, fo that
the Bed may be four foot broad, and of what length you pleafe, then
Jay the Horfe-dung with the wet Litter betwixt the Stakes fuitably,
not more {hort dung in-one place than another, ‘untill you have rais'd
it two foot high} whichtread down hard all over, and let not one
place be fofter than another 5; then in ‘the fame manner raife ittwo
toot higherjewhich tread down'as the former, and fo proceed untill
you have raifed theBed a full yard high after it is hard trodden ;
which done, knockin moreiStakes aboutit, beat up the fides clofe,
and: wrap: it abour with Jargé ropes: of Hay, or long Litter, two
wreaths above the dung, chen take fome of the Barth of-an old hor
‘Bed, or of the beft in your Kitchin- garden, and fift ic, whichlay on
your Bed four inches thick arch it over with {mall Poles, andco-
ver it wich Mats, Hair-cloth, ot Canvas, which will caufeit to heat
in four or five days; then give ic air, and when the violent heat is
over fow your Seeds, and cover the Bed again; thenexeday, if you
find the Bed over hot, give itmore air 3 if tod cold, caft fome Straw
on the covering untill the heat recurn; which by thrafting your fin-
ger into the Barth you may: find: whether:too hot or cold and by
thismeans by airing and covering you may keep the Bed ina conftant
6 Me % ~
temper,
in that cafe chiefly to be ufed, . Thefe Cuttings muft be often water- _
leas ye Giggs is
Book I. . PLO KR: Zt 13
temper, which fhould be warm rather than hor, When the Seeds
comeup, give themair to dry the moifture raifed by the heat ofthe
Bed; and tor your choiceft Seeds, cover them from the Sun with
Glaffes raifedto give them air, and fome part of the day take them
off, toacquaint the young Seedlings with the Sun by degrees, which
grown ftrong, take up and plant inrich Earth in your Garden, but
keep them from the mid-day Sununtill they are well fetled in their
new lodging. i :
We {hall now give you fome Draughts for Gardens, and then pros
ceed to acquaint you with our Plants and Flowers,
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FLORA
is CHAP. tL
Laurus.
weere HE pay-tree among the Greens for many fpecial pro-
@e perties may challenge Priority ; and therefore we will
2% begin with fome noble kinds thereof, omitting that
SJ common Bay wherewith all are fo well atquainted, and
fix that ever freth and flourifhing Fruit-bearer in the
_ front of our Florilege, called
Lanrocerafus.
A eee Bay-cherry is aftately ever green Tree, growing in fome
places ten or twelve foot high, but moft commonly ina rhick
But tull of boughs and branches, covered in the old witha gray, and
_ in the young, green barks plentifully adorned wich thick, bright-
fhining green leaves, and many long ftalks fet with whitifh flowers,
which are fucceeded by {mall Cherries, black when ripe, with ftones
like tothe common Cherries, The aptne(s of this to be increafed hath
made it common, and therefore feldom admitted into curious Flow-
er-gardens , yet it may be a fit ornament for Court-walls, and thofe
on the North fide of the Frust-carden, —
‘ Laurus Tinws.
Ai Bx wilde Bay being fpread upon a Wall will be fave or fix foot
high, and full of branches, beariag atevery joyat two leaves,
which are fmooth, fomething Past and of a dark green colour: at
the cops of the branches come forth great cufts of imall white flow-
ers, withblufhedges, fometimes fucceeded by fmall blew berries,
wherein the feed is contained; » There is another of this kind called
Laurus Tinus folio glabro, that differeth onely in that the leaves are
larger, and ofa brighter green colour, | 3-28) age ees
Laurus Tinus Lufitanica. -
leaves are harder, . fallerof veins, and of a browner green colour,
and the flowers alittle inclining topurple; the berries like thofe of
the former, but fmaller, Lasae ec '
Laurus Rofea, five Oleander.
- He wilde Kay of Porsngal differeth from the. laft, in that the
TH Rofe:Bay-tree is of two forts, the one bearing red flowers,
and the other white, inno-otherrefpect differing: the ‘ftemme
eroweth tothe bignefs of a Mans Thumb, divided into three bran+_
ches, bearing at every joyrit, long, hard, thick, dark, green leaves j _
at the ends of the branches come forth the flowers, which wa of a
Bras deep
16
FEO R * - Book L.
deep bluth colour in the one, and white inthe other, confifting of
four long narrow round- pointed leaves, which with us fall away
without bringing feeds.
Laurus Indica.
T He indian Bay withus thrives flowly, and is feldom found above
four foot high: it groweth ina thick bufb, the branches cover-
ed with a yellowith green bark, thick fet with leaves, which are be-
twixt thofe of the Cherry-Bay and the common kind, fomething re-
fembling thofe of the Cytron-tree : the flowers grow ina long {pike
of a greenith white colour, fucceeded by berries like fmall olives,
This fine Plant is a ftranger in England, and (thoughan Indian, yet)
if defended from Frofts in Winter, will laft many years, and may be
increafed by Layers, | eae
Having now fet down fo maby Bays as we think fit for this place,
we will conclude with two other Greens, which in their beautitul
~ ftill-green leaves much refemble them; for fhould we follow the
method ofan Herbal, and place.every kind ima particular Chapter,
we fhould not fo weil inform fuch as defire tobe Florifts, either in —
- the choice of, and manner how, to order, plant and difpofe every
particular, which isa knowledge chiefly to be inquired and learned
by all ingenious lovers of thefe delights,
Mala Arantia.
: i Orenge-treé confidered as it groweth with us, may more fitly _
be placed among the Greens than with the Frasts , for that all
-thebenefic it affordeth us, confifteth in the beauty of the ever-green
leaves and {weet-fmelling flowers, the fruit in our cold Countrey ne-
ver coming tomaturity. Orenge-trees in Spain and other hot Coun-
tries grow to tall,and_feir trees, but with us feem no other than
fhrubs, - Thebark of theelder boughs is brown, and the younger
green, with fome thorns ; theleaves are large, and of a freth thining
greencolour, twining a little like thofe of zvée, with many {mall
holes in them, of a ftrong {weet fent, and never falling untill new
thruft them off; the flowers are ofa whitifh colour, and very fweet,
fucceeded by fmall round green fruit, which in timegroweth to be
fomething large, and of ayellowith red colour, as every one know-
eth, for although the Tree be rare and ftrange to many, the Fruitis
common and well known unto all, dee |
Arbutus.
: T He Stramberry- tree groweth flowly, feldom rifing tomore than ~
* two yards high in Ireland its proper Countrey, but with us noc
fo.tall, thebody hatharough, and the branches a{mooth, bark:
the leaves are alternately green like the Bays, finely purled about the
edges, long and round pointed, the flowers grow on the ends of ©
the
Chap. ae LOR A.
the branches with long ftalks, which are {mall little white bottles,
like chofe ofthe Lily of the valley, {ucceeded by red berries when
ripe, liketo Strawberries, of aharih tafte; cofitaining many {mall
feeds;
The Cherry- Bay flowereth in May; and the fruit is ripe in ‘Septem-
her: The Wilde Bay flowereth in Winter, but in March and April
isin its greateft beauty.. The Xofe Bay and the Indian feldom flow-
erbefore Fuly. The two Wilde Bays are hardy and eafily raifed, ei-
ther from Suckers or Layers: the two other, Rofe Bays and Orenges,
are more tender, and mutt be planted in ftrong Cafes to be houfed in
Winter: the Rofe Bay is apt to yield Suckers, by which it is increa-
fed, as the Indian Bay by laying down the branches,
The orenge-tree is in its greateft beauty in the Spring, in refpeét
of the {weet Aowers, younger and elder fruits, with gallant green
leaves, wherewith this bufte Plant is at one time (and at all times,
in an agreeable Climate) plentifully furnithed, Young Plants may
be raifed by fetting the Kernels in March in rich Earth in Cafes, to
~ be houfed im Winter, for they will not endure one nights froft ; they
may be grafted in the bud, or by approch with fomeé more genie-
rous kind,
The Strawberry-tree isin its greateft glory in Oéfober and Novem-
ber, when the berries are ripe, which mixing with the fine green
leaves are a delightful obje&. “Young Plants are commonly raiféd
from Seeds, and fome by Layers, but it will be long before they root,
and when removed the Earth mutt be taken with them, and carefully
planted, for they are nice in their nonage, but elder Plants very
hardy,and will profper under any warm W all, and laft many years,
CHAP. IL.
Myrtus.
HE myrtle-tree, by the care of the Curious that
delight in things that are fo, may be preferved in
I} our cold Countrey, although it be tender and im-
F patient of our long trofty Winters. In hot Coun-
tries there are many more diverfities of this Plant
than we fhall mention, or trouble our felves with-
2S) .|. for indeed fuch tender things put us to more
pains in their prefervation, than they afford us pleafure in the enjoy-
ment, being rather a vexation than a delight : we will therefore
make choice of fach, that by folemn invitation, diligent attendance,
and courteous entertainment, will vouchfate to live withus, al
leave thereft to the Poets to grace the: £lyzian Groves, or build
een Bowers to fhade the Paphian Queen: and firft of that belt
own, — | B
os
}
17
Fi OR. A. Book 1
Myrtus Latifolia.
— Broad-leafed Myrtle groweth inathick buth, fometimes fout
or five foot high, full of branches fet with fine bright-fhining,
{weet, and ever-green leaves, fomewhat broad and long; at the
joynts of the branches come forth the flowers, compofed of fine
{mall white leaves, with fome white threds inthe middle, and very
fweet , the roots confifting of many ftrings and fibres, as all Trees,
Shrubs, and Wood-plants do,
Myrtus minore folio.
He Leffer-leafed Myrtle groweth like the former, bite not fo
high the leaves are thicker on the branches, and {maller point-
ed at theends, likethem, but of adeeper green colour, in other
refpedts little differing, ,
Myrtus rotundiore folio.
He Box-Leafed Myrtle differeth onely from the laff defcribed, in
that the leaves of this are round-pointed, like unto the leaves of
Box, inall other parts agreeing, ‘There is another narrow-leafed
Myrtle, with {mall fharp-poiated leaves and branches erect , for
which it is called the wpright Myrtle, and we have another with nar-
row leaves, thick fet with clofe-compacted» branches,..whence cal-
led the Birds-neft Myrtle. 7 eee eS:
oOmpacts
Myrtus latifolia flore pleno.
He double- flowered Myrtle inthe manner of growing and green
leaves is like unto the firft defcribed, onely as itis more tender,
it groweth neither fo large nor tall ; the chiefeft difference is in the
flowers, which in this are white like thofe of the other, bus very thick
and double, and of a delicate {weet fent,
Myrtws Betica latifolia.
a By great Spanifhor Laurel-leafed Myrtle is bigger in all the parts
than any of the former; it rifech to the height ofa Man, and
the leaves are like thofe of the Bay, but ofa whiter green colour
fet inadouble row on both fides the branches, {weet in fent, and in
flowers and fruit litle differing from the firft defcribed, |
_ Thefe are the varieties of myrtles preferved in Cafes by our heft
Floriffs, and diligently houfed in Winter, yet che laft is more hardy,
and with any care will endure (planted at large) the violence of Win- _
ter, We fhall now fubjoyn two other fine Greens, and fo conclude
this Chapter, ait
Gelfiminum
Chap I. FLORA
e. Gel fininum Indicum flavum odoratifSimun.
ees feet yellow Indian Fa[mine isa beautiful Green, and rifech
_& withusabout two foot high, dividing into branches, «covered
with a purplifh coloured Bark, adorned with many fair fhining, dark,
ever-green leaves, infafhion like thofe ofthe Pomegranate, but lon~
ger and broader ,_ the flowers are like in form to thofe of the com-
mon white Fa/mine, but bigger, of a fair yellow colour and {weet
fent ; in their natural Countrey fucceeded by fruits like {mall olives,
which with us flowering late never arrive to any perfection, .
Phyllirea Variegata.
| The Variegated or ftriped Phyllirea is the moft beautiful of all the
kinds, and therefore.in this place to be defcribed as deferving a
Cafe; and to ftand among the faireft Greens : . for the other forts,
(fit onely to form ever-green Hedges) you will. find in the end of this
Volume among Greens more vulgar. This fine Plant rifeth (if fuf-
fered) tothe height of a Man, thick fet with {mall branches, and
thofe with {mall ever-green leaves conftantly edged and ftriped with
whire, and may by the Shears be fafhioned into what form you
affect, aici ,
The AMyrtles bloffom about the middle of Augufft, and continue
flowering commonly untill the middle of December: the Indian
yellow F-4(mine flowers about the fame time ; and the ftriped Phyli-
rea,whofe glory confifts in the variegated ever-green leaves, is at all
times achoice object of delight, and hardy enough to be planted. at
large, where a little defended from Snows and Frofts, it willendure
the Winter as well as the more ordinary kinds,
All thefe Plants are commonly fet int Cafes, : set sich orenges and :
tender Plants houfed in Winter, and increafed by Layers after the
manner before directed, Thebeft time to tranfplant the more har-
dy kinds of Greens1s about the Tenth of afarch, and for the more
tender to be fet in Cafes toward the end of April: the Earth youfer -
them in muft be frefh, and fuch.that hath long lain on an heap well
mixed with good old Neats dung, often turned and well mixed un-
till throughly rotted ; but before this Earth be put. intothe.Cafes,
it muft be skreened or fifted, andagodd quantity ofthore fticks of
oler, Withy, or any other foft wood, elfe broken bricks, pebble-
ftones, andfuch like rubbifh, laid in the bottom of the Cafes to
draw away fuperfluous moifture and prevent clogging, which would
rot the finaller fibres, and fpoil the Plants, it not deftroy them,
Small ticks alfo cur fhort muft in fome quantity be mingled with the
Earth, wherewith fill the Cafes within three inches of the top;
thefe {ticks will keep the Mould hollow and from clinging ; which
done, rafe or cut the bottoms of yonr Roots, and artificially fet your
Greens and other tender Plants oe but not too deep by any
. + 2 means ;
20
£ LROGRS & Book I.
means, rather chufing to leave fome part of the Roots uncovered,
than to place them too much under ground ; as foon as they are fer
water them, and keep them fhelter’d from Wind and Sun untill they
have taken root ; after a fortnight you may by degrees acquaint them
with the Air, and when you find they have gotten ftrength, fet chem
abroad, The fame order is tobe ufed with fuch Layers as you fhall
take off to plant in Cafes in Augauft.
Commit your Cafes with orenges, Myrtles, and other tender
Plants, betimes, before the firft Frofts, to their Winter-quarters
the Confervatory, bucfhut them not 3 in the day-time efpecially,
unlefs conftrained by Fogs or Frofts, which lafting long, you muft
on fairer days acquaint them again with the Sun and Air by degrees ;
during extreme Frofts, and when Water will freeze in your Confer-
vatory, indefault of Stoves or raifed Hearths, you muft attemper:
the Air with Pans of Charcole, efpecially at night, let the Coles be
half burnt out before the Pans be placed, and then not fet too near -
the Plants, In March, whenthe great Frofts are paft, open the
- doors, and give them Sunand Air by degrees, alittle at firft, which
increafe with the Spring ; about the end of April fet them forth,
and wath them clean (efpecially the Greens) with a Warering-pot
from duft and cobwebs ; and you muft not forget while they arem
the houfe to water them gently, efpecially in November, and after
long Frofts, but let not the water touch the Leaves of any of the
Greens, and chufe rather to give houfed Plants too little water than
too much, ° As foon as the Heats begin, coverthe Harth m the Ca-
fes fome confiderable thicknefs with Mofs, it will keep the Earth
moift and from clinging, and water them as you find caufe, Every
Spring and Autumn, that is, a little before you fet forth your
Plants, and before you houfe them, you muft take fome of the ©
Earth out of the Cafes, and open the reft with a Fork or other fit
tool, not hurting the roots of the Plants, and fill them up again
withrank Earth, two parts Dung, well rotted and preferved for that
and fuch like purpofes, |
“oT hefe are the Rules obferved by Mr.Fobn Refe, the ingenious
Keeper of the Garden at E(fex-honfe in the Strand, where is now to
be feen under hisregiment a moft noble Collection of the choiceft
Greens and rareft Shrubs that are planted in Cafes, in a moft healthy
and flourifhing condition, ~
CHAP,
Chap. Hl. BLO RS
CHAP. II,
Florentinm Arbufcularum.
{Meza} F Flower-bearing Trees and Shrubs, which fall their
79 Vi leaves in Winter , and renew them again every
7 N Spring, there aremany kinds; in this place we will
Pee doi) mention the rareft, and fuch onely asare ficteft to fur-
ICTS nith our. Flewer-garden, and leave the reft to beautifie
the end of our Book, And firlt of the biggeft and beft knowa,
Cerafus flore pleno.
He double- flowered Cherry isinall parts thereof like unto the
common Englith Cherry-tree, the onely difference is in the flow-
ers, which of this are large, thick and double, ofa pure white co-
lour, and many growing together, which,fall away without bearing
fruit, recompencing that deteét by the multitude of fair double flow-
ers wherewith it is yearly adorned, There is another double-bloffom'd
Cherry of thekind of the common {mall black Cherry, whic the
French call Merifziere, that beareth large double flowers as big as the
leffer double white Rofe, this is common in France, au doubrlefs 2
little time will make it fo in England,
Arbor Perfica flore multiplict.
He double flowered Peach-tree differeth in nothing from the ordi-
§ nary, but onely in the flowers, thofe of this being double, con-
fifting of three or more rows of leaves, of areddifh bluth colour, {el-
dom fucceeded by any fruit, the beauty of the flowers recompen-
cing that defect, |
Balauftinm, five Malus Punica filveftris.
T He double-bloffom'd wilde Pomegranate-tree is therareft of all the
flowering Trees and Shrubs, if pruned upit will grow feven foot
high, otherwife, ina thick bath full of & branches, with fome
thorns thereon, and many final fhining green leaves, which fall away
in Winter, and arerenewed late in the Spring ; at the fides and en
of the branches come forth many hard, hollow, reddifh, or Coral-
coloured cups, and out of them moft beautiful flowers, as big and
‘double as the largeft and thicket Province-rofe, andof an excellent
bright crimfon colour, ‘There is another of this kind with double
flowers, that is leffer mall the parts thereof, the leaves ofa fadder
green, and the flowers more inclining to the colour of an Oremge - we
aifo hear of another, with double ftriped flowers, which is yec a ftran-
get in England,
Syringa
22
FLOR 4. Book I.
Syringa, five Gelfiminum Arabicum.
f es double white Pipe-tree or. Falmine of Arabia isa rare and ten-
der Shrub, much defired by all Flor#ffs > it hath divers long,
flender, ftiff; woody branches, whereon grow marly fair large leaves,
fomething refembling thofe of the common white Syringa, but
{moother, larger, eaven at the edges; and ofa frefh green colour,
two ftanding at every joyat one againft the other, and at each joynr
contrary to other ; at the ends of the branches come forth divers
flowers, ftanding on feveral foot-ftalks, each ina hofe, like thofe of
the common white Fafmine, containing tair double flowers, confifting
ef two, andfometimes three, rows ofround-pointed white leaves,
each row containing five or fix leaves: the middle of the flower is
hollow and fomething yellow, of a ftrong fweet fent, like unto that
of orenge flowers, —
Syringa laciniatis foliss, five Gelfiminum Perfieum.
Maik blue Syringa with cut leaves, or Perfian fa{mine, cometh up
with many fmall woody branches, finely decked with dainty
greenleaves, which are {mall, long, cutin, and divided almoft to -
the middle rib, fome into three {mall leaves on a fide, anda larger at
the point, others into two, and fome have but one on each fide, and
that bigger attheend, All thefe varieties are commonly to be feen
in the leaves of this fine Plant ; at the end ‘of the branches come
forth the flowers many together, in fafkion like unto thefe of the or-
dinary blue Syringaor Lylac, but {maller, and of a finer purplith
blue colour, and better fent,
Oleafter exoticUss
gs e ftrange wilde Olive, or Tree of Paradife, isa {weet and beau-
tiful Plant, and, though a great ftranger, is contented with our
homely entertainment: it rifeth up with woody fhoots, ofa dark
yellowith colour, fet with long narrow whitifh green leaves, bearing
ae the branches divers {mal] flowers, ofagreenith yellow colour,
which (im its natural Countrey, but feldomwith us) are fucceeded
by green berries like unto {mall o/ves, which when they are ripe will
be of areddifh colour ; the whole Plant, as well leaves as flowers,
isofaf{weet and pleafantfent. This owt of Ferrarius, :
Cytifus Maranthe.
H Orned Tree Trifoile rifeth four or five foot high, the body -fel-
'dom bigger thana Mans Thumb, covered with a whitith bark,
and the branches more white, the leaves ftand three together, lef-
fer, rounder and whiter, than thofe of the ordinary Laburnum , the
flowers are like thofe of Broom, of agold yellow colour, which in
May come forth three or four together at the ends of the branches,
: fucceeded
Chap. | EL OR: A:
fucceeded by crooked flat thin Cods, like Horns or Half-moons,
' from whence called by the additions of Cormiculatus and Luna-
tus; itisatender Plant, ufually fer in Cafes, and houfed with Greens
in Winter, not to be increafed by Seeds or Layers, but by taking off
fome new Slips in Fue, fecting them in thethade, and keeping the
Earth moift by frequent but gentle waterings,
Althea fruticofa.
orate Mallow hath woody branches covered with a whitith bark,
fet with foft woolly whitith green leaves, in fafhion like thofe of
the Ribes or Curran-tree, the flowers are large and like thofe of a
fingle Holly-hock, in fome of a deep reddifh or violet-purple, in others
paler or lighter, withthe bottom ofadeeper purple, running into
the leaves in {mall veins ; and there isanother that hath frefher green
leaves and white flowers, with a large purple-fpot in the bottom,
Of this fort there is another that hath the flowers ftriped with faint
purple or blufh lines,
Amomum Plinii.
Ree Night-fhade rifeth about a yard high, with a woody ftemm,
- and many green branches fet with {mall long green leaves, fome~
thing uneaven at the edges, which fall away in Winter , at the joynts
of the branches it putteth forth two or thtee flowers together of a
ftar-like form, turning back the leaves, which are white witha yel-
low pointill in the middle, like unto thofe of the ordinary Nighe-
fhade, which falling away are fucceeded by {mall green berries, that
in December will be of a fine red colour, like unto little red Cherries,
wherein is contained {mall flat white feeds,
: Solanum fruticofa.
He Shrub gal es hath a woody ftock and branches about a
yardhigh, of adark brown colour, with fad green leaves ; the
flowers are like thofe of the common Night-/hade, in one white, and
in another ofablue colour, There is one of this kind that hath the
green leaves variegated with white,
> Spirea frutex.
tT e Shrub Spirea rifeth up with divers woody ftalks about a yard
high, fet with leaves like chofe of SaMy, but leffer and nicked
on the edges, at the tops of the ftalks come forth divers {mall pale
Peach -coloured flowers, thick fet together in a long fpike, leffening
by degrees likea pyramis , the root is woody and lafting, flowers in
Augy/f, endures the Winter, and is increafed by Layers,
Hypericum
23
24
Hypericum frutex.
VV Dody St, Fobns wort hath two, three, or more woody ftalks,
which rife about a yard high, befet at certain diftances with
tufts of fmall green leaves, and among them many {mall flowers,
white, anda little purple in the middle , this pretty Plant flowereth
in the end of April, endureth the Water, and isincreafed (as the
former) by Layers,
Mezerion.
pr Bay groweth inathick bufh full of branches, in forne old
BJ plants rifing three or four foot high, covered with a tough bark,
and fet with {mall whitifh round-pointed green leaves, which fall
away in Autumn , the flowers are {mall, confifting of four leaves,
growing thick and clofe ne Et onthe fides of the new Shoots,
wherewith they are on all fides covered, which in one (the moft
- common) are ofa pale blufhcoleur, in another white, andina third
ofadeep Peach-colour almoft red; thefe flowers are {weet, and may
be fmelled at diftance ; which being paft, in their places come forth
many {mall berries, which when they are ripe are of a red colour,
~ The double- flowered Cherry isinbloffom in April, and the donble-
flowered Peach in March the Cherry may be grafted in any other
Cherry-ftock; but the beft way is to make choice of aftock that is
big enough to hold two grattssws ich-may be grafted near the ground,
the one graft of this, andthe other of the Flanders Cluffer-
which growing up together, planted againft a wall, the branches =
“rermixed and nailed one within the other, fo that after the double
flowers of the one are paft, the double fruits of the other may fuc-
ceed, will be a wonder to thofe that do not urderftand by what
means itis brought to pafs, conceiving both to proceed from one
kind, The dowble Peach will thrive beft, and bring forth fairer
flowers, being fpread upon a wall, having been inoculated on an
_ Apricock-ftock,
The Balaufiium bringeth forth its beautiful flowers towards the
end of Anguts itisatender Plant, and maft be either fetin Boxes
that it may be houfedin Winter, or elfe under a South wall where it
may have the benefit of the Sua in Somer, and the roots about it co-
vered with Peafe-ftraw or Litter to keep them warm from freezing in
the Winter, and the branchesalfo muft be thatched with Broom, or
fome other provifion, to defend them from nipping frofty air, which
otherwife will caufe them to die even to the ground, and many times
never to (pring again: but thofe that are desta to preferve this and
other tender Plants, and have a convenient houfe to remove them
into in Winter, then this may be fo handled, and not trufted abroad
intheopenair, tor that the trouble of houfing and preferving of a
few, will be almoft as great as that of many ; and new Plants may be
raifed either from Suckers, which it is apt to yield, or by laying
Tae
_down the branches,
is
Chap. FLORA
The dnble white Springs; or Aribian Fa/mine, brings forth its
- fair odorous flowers from the beginning of May untill che end of Sep-
tember , itisagreat ftranger in England, and very apt to leave us
upon the leaft diflike ; therefore thofe that defire to entertain fo cu-
rious andynice a gueft,|\muft aford ie warm lodging in the Winter,
and diligent attendance in the. Spring, when firft it comes abroad,
and chen perhaps it may; be complemented ‘to an acceptance of our
tourfes countrey fares iy | blood | ;
paz
_. The, blue Syringa with.cut leaves, or Perfian Famine, Aoweéreth in
| April, and is as courteous as the other is curious, it will live abroad
in the open air planted under a wall, and yield us increafe by laying
down the branches, or by cuttings, being apt to root and thrive if a
little defended from Frofts in Winter,
.tiegpos lew 0} 315 2: sedis diiworiw .5\s% bye es ae
_-The.ole fier flowerethin May; and is planted and.increafed in the
fame manner.as the laft mentioned, and endureth the Winter as well,
I intend that decribed by. Ferrarivss and not that kind common
with usy..which wanteth the properties faid to belong to this noble
Plant,... 91! 7 te ; +S ae My : Hig
eis on Haltgsed. os ai daive: ull Zciide Yo Igoe Gee”
The Shrub-Mallows fhew their flowers ¢ only in Aacuft;
fometimes later; they are tender, and muft be planted under a wall,
and defended in Winter: the ufual way to raife them is by laying
down the branches in the Earth, and fometimes from the feeds gain-
ed out of hotter Countreys, for ours feldom bring any to perfection :
they.may-be grafted the, Aproach-way one upon another, fo thac
from one roo: you may, have all the forementionec varieties,
- Tree.Night-bade is a. Plan:-welb known, and chiefly refpected for
the beauty of the red. berries, which will, abide on the branches’ in
| Winter, at which time ftanding among Myrtles and other Greens, »it
maketh a fine thew : it is raifed by fowing the feeds in March, which
are apt to come up'and grow, efpecially if they be fowed ina Pot of
good Earth; and houfed in the Winter,
The shrub Night-fhadeis in flower toward the end of Atay, atid
increafed by Layers, ~) gees ds> cece
he bloffoms of the Mizerions begin to a of Fa-:
nary, and ufually continue ioveger the beginning of April 5
they are hardy, and will grow amy where; the way to raife them is
by fowing the berries as foon as they are ripe, which will be about
the middle of Fuly , they will lye long inthe ground before they
come up, therefore are ufually fowed in fome large Box filled with
good Earth, and fet in fome place out of the way, where it will need
no other attendance than onely. weeding , the fecond Spring after the
fowing, andnot before, they willcomeup: they which havenigh
ftood a year or two, may beremoved according to the pleafure of the
~ er | F \- yeeOPLAL o
-
26
as
FROR MW - Book I,
CHAP, Iv,
Role
RHE Rofe-treeis of divers excellent kinds, not known
ae toformer Ages, wherewith our Englith Gardens are
; S 5 B now graced, and herein this place to be h , to-
a@ gether with our old ftore, which for maity refpedts
€ oy Enghfhred Rofe, wherewith all perfons are fo well acquaint-
A ed, that it needeth no defeription; we have obferved fome va-
riety therein, the flowers of fome to be of a far deeper Red than thofe
of others, and others to be much doubler and thicker of leaves than
the common kind, whereof I have one that isof 2 deep red. colour,
and as thick and double as any Rofe whatfoever: and of late we have
found another of this kind, with ftriped beautiful flowers, thence
ee el
we webatiess, ofa munds.
Bese s hc 4: = wae age st gine cole oe = ;
He Rofe of rhe worldin all the parts differeth not from this ordis
nary red Rofe, but onely in the colour of the flowers, which in
this are for the moft part ofapale blufh colour, divertly fpotted
marked and ftriped, throughout every leafof the double flower, with
the fame red colour which is in the ordinary red Rofe, fo tharit is the
moft beautiful to behold of all the ftriped or variegated Rofes we yet
havefeens the {cent, as the form of the flowers, is like unto that of
the common red Rofe, —
~ Rofa Hungaria.
He ae eo Rofe, for the manner of growing, is like the com-
- mom red Rofe, onely the Shoots are green, the flowers differ in
that they are of a paler red colour, with many faint {pots fpread over
the leaves of the double flower, which in fhape and {cent is like unto
the ordinary red Rofe , this is of finall beauty, and onely received by
Florifts for a variety, ae
| Rofa Provincialis flore rubro. —
He red Province Rofe hath branches and leaves much like unto
thofe of the common red Rofe,but bigger and greener; the flowers
are large, thick and double, fpreading very broad, and laid open, of a
aler red colour and fweeter {cent than the ordinary red Rofe ; of this
d Ihave one whofe flowers are conftantly fported and marbled
with deeper and paler red, | Rofa
Chap.I/. 2 HORA
Rif Belaica, five vitrea, flore rubro.
Th red zeleick Rofeis in branches and leaves very like unto thie
common red Rofe, but mich taller; the flowers are exceeding
thickanddouble, full of {mall leaves in : the middle, and bigger on
the outfides of the flowers, whichwhen it is full- blown will cura to-
wards the ftalk; the whole flower is of a fine deep red colour, and
inferiour to no Rofe ofone colour whatfoever ; the fent is like to that
of thecommon red Rofe : this by {ome is ‘called the Duke of Rowans
Rofe, asgrowing plentifully in his Garden, By our unlearned Flo-
rifts and Nurcery-menj the Vitriol Rofe, the African Rofe,the Mari-
gold Rofe, are all one thing,
Rol rubra bil:
Pe dwarf re ad tate by fome called ce Gilliflower Rofe, groweth
low, and never rifeth fo high as the ordinary red Rofe ; like unto
it, but with fewer thorns: the flowers are but fimall, yet thick and
double; which in a bud before they open ftand round and eaven,
as if they had been clipt off with a pait of Cifers, but when they are
fully blown, are fineround double Rofes, ofa pleafant Carnation co-
lour, and of the -fent ol of the = ordinary red. Rofe.
Ros ST
oe ie Rofa boofer ica aL eet
ioe double Velvet Rofe hath the young Shoots of a fad reddit
green colour, with few or no thorns thereon; the leaves are like
thofe of the common red Rofe, but of fomewhat a fadder green; the
flowers contain two or three rows of leaves, which are of a dark red
Velvet colour, with fome marks of a lighter redinthem, and many
yellow threds 1 in the middle: this feldom beareth any ftore of ee:
neither hath it any better fent than the ordinary red Rofe,
Rofa marmorea. Ese
Th marbléd Kofe in the manner of growing doth much refemble
the Velvet Rofe, the greareft difference is in the floweéts, for
thofe of this are larger, -wery-double, and of alight red colour, mar-
bled, veined, and marked with a deeper and lighter bluith gray-de-
line, very variably, fome more than oshers, and fome fadder and
more inclining to purple, fo that many timesall thefe diverfities on
one bufh are to be feen blown together; for it is a plentiful bearer,
and, befides the beauty of the Rofes, the fent is very good, like, but
better than that of the red Provinee Rofe,
UL fine e fpinis.
without thorns, dr the Vi ingin Ro fey is in fhoots and leaves :
Ts Rofe
like unto the marbled Rofe, but a5 and {moother, wit
aay
23
FROR Z@ Book I.
any thornsatall ; the flowers are not fo thick and double, fpreading
their leaves and ftanding forward from each other, ofa pale red co-
lour, with part of them on the faces of a pale blufh, and the backfides
of every leat wholly of whitifh pale colour, fo that the Refes when
they come well (for fomerimes they will feem as blafted) are fais and
very {weet; e
R ofa Francofurtenfis.
He Francford Rofe hath trong reddith fhoots full of thorns, wich
large thick whitifh green leaves, the button under the Rofe-being
bigger than that of any other; the flowers are thick and double,
many times breaking in the bud, and feldom opening fair or fpread-
ing their leaves fmooth, but curled and crumpled, of a bluifhred co-
lour and {weet fent, like (but ftronger) to that of the red Rofe,
Rofa Cinnamomia.
“pus Cinnamon Rofe, asevery one knoweth, (it being as common ~
A as the firft ordinary red Ro/e) rifeth up with tall red thoots, «bears
ing in May many {mall double Rofes, of apale red colour and faint
fent, alittlelikeunto that of Cianamon, from whence it took the
hame;
itherto have cometo
now we fhalliproceed to. the varieties of Damask
or paler-coloured Rofes, proper to be handled in the next place,
“Rofa Damafcena vulgaris.
our knowledge, and now wef
«
" “‘Thefeare all the kinds of red Rofes that h
: Te common Damask Rofe, although it be not fo ancient an inha-
bitant of England as the common red Rofe, yet it is-as well
known, and all the parts thereof, fo that it needeth no further de-
{cription, :
Rofa Damafcena ver ficalor.
ae
Rofa Cryftallina,
£ Bi Cryflall Rofeisinall parts thereof like unto the laft,the onely:
t difference is in the marking of the flowers, which in this aremuch
fairer and better than in thofe of the other, being ufually ftriped,
fpotted, and marked with pale white upon the Damask Rofe colour,
throughout every leaf thereof, not differing in fent or other refpedts
from the twoformer, ~ 7 Ee
Chap IV. FLORA
Rofa Damfcena variegata elegantior.
THe elegant variegated Damask Rofe is fomething like the Jatt de-
{cribed, onely A fhoots arefhorter and redder, and the leaves
{maller, the flowers fomething doubler, and often better marked
than either of the former: this is by fome called Mrs, Hearts Rofe,
Rofa Damajcena Provincialis.
"Ls Damask Province Rofe hath longer fhoots and leaves than any
L ofthe former, and ofa reddifh green colour , the Rofes are fome-
what of a deeper blush colour than thofe of the ordinary Damask, but
three times.as large, thick, and double, asall know that have any
acquaintance with flowers, being now too common ; but were it as
{carce and hard to be obtained as fome othersare, it would be of as
much efteem asany whatfoever, the Rofes being very fair, and the
fent good, — BY 2 ASot A Soe £453 ae t j
? ae cee Rofa menfatis. * 143 ote J
3 es moneshly Rofe isin all the parts thereof very like unto the
Damask Rofe, itis {aid that in Ztaly it beareth feyen moneths
in the year, but I could never find or hear of any truth that it ever
bore flowers in England above three, that was, in Fuze, about the
middle of Auguft, and towards theend of September, the Rofes are
very like the Damask, but fomething more double, and not all things
{o {weet, |
Rofa Belgica, five vitrea, flore rubicante.
4 te blufh pelgick Rofe hath bigger branches and fuller of thorns
AL thanany of theformer, the green leayes thicker, ftiffer; andofa
whitith green colour, the flowers grow many together on the ends of
the branches, which are about the bignefs of the ordinary Damask
Rofe, but very thick and double, and of a fine pleafant pale bluth co-
lour and {weet fent: this is the greateft bearer of all the Rofes, and
the diftilled water thereof is almoft as good asthat of the Damask
fome calhit the white Prowince Rofe, and fome the Baravick Rofe, ©
_ Andthefeare thediverfities of the Damask or paler-colowed Re-
fes; we thall now proceed unto the. ele dee and fet down fuch
diverfities of them as are come to our knowledge, |
: Rofa lutea fimplex.
ope fingle yellow Rofe groweth as high as the Damask, the young
Z thooisase full of {mall bain ess and of adark reddith ¢o-
Jour ; the leaves are fmalland the flowers fingle, containing but five
ves, of a pale yellow colour : itis but awilde Rofe, and onely e+
Tea oe,
~ ) ee "Roles
ined in Gardens fox yauiety,,.
ert
ae
- firft row of leaves being much bigger than the teft, which are {mall,
FLOR A Book I.
Rofa Aufiriaca flore pheenicio.
He fcarlet Rofe of Auftria is in all the parts thereof like ithto the
bb der defcribed, the chiefeft difference is in the colour of the flow-
ers. which in this on the infide of the leaves is of a fine {carlet, and
on thé outfide ofa pale brimftone colour; and although this Rofe
be but finglelike the former, yetinrefpec of the colour fo different
from all other Rofes, it is efteemed by all lovers of flowers,
Roja lutea flore pleno.
out knowledge, and now in the next place we will take a view of the
diverfities of white Rofes, beginning wi
ake
He common white Rofe is fo well known unto all perfons, that it
needeth no defcription , there are two forts of ordinary white Ro-
fes, the one muchdoubler and fairer than the other, the beft kind
beareth fine double pure white Rofes, and fetteth off others very
well, fothatalthoughit be common, yet we may afford room for
one buth among the reft to increafe the number of varieties,
Teas. Rofa incarnata. :
Snes blufh Rofe differeth in nothing from the ordinary white Rofe,
but onely in the colour of the flowers, for thofe of this are at the
firft opening of a fine pleafant bluth colour, which after grow fome-
thing whiter, in all other re(pects agreeing with the former.
Rofa mofchata flore pleno.
apHe double Musk Rofe rifeth very high with many green branches,
-~ and dark green fhining leaves, armed with great fharp thorns,
the flowers come forth on long foot-ftalks at the ends of the bran-
ches, many together ina tuft, moft of them flowering together,
being fmall whitith or Cream-coloured Rofes, not ver donble, the
and
Chap. WV. FLO RA 3
and ftand loofly, not forming fo fair a double fower as the ordinary
white Rofe, Thereisamoether of this kind that beareth fingle Rofes,
of much leffer efteem than this ; the flowers of both are chiefly valu-
ed for their teen, which is fweet like unto Musk, ftom whence they
took thémaraes commonly they flower in Avguft, after all others
are paft, bat their ufual time is ia Septénober,
Rofa Mofchata alter. .
5 is other Musk Rofe of fome called the Damask Muck mifi, atid
of othets the white Cinnamon Rofe, isin leaves and branches like
the other, but groweth noe fo high, the leaves larger, and of a whi+
ter green colour, the flowers bigger, whiter, and more double than
thofe of the former, but not altogether fo fweet ;_ this flowereth be-
fore che o:het in the end of other Rofes, or prefently:atter them, -
asc s- Rofa Canina flore pleno.
Weis ret he eet 4 Sa Qes3 ott epee 3
THe double Dee Rofeim leaves and branches is like the leffer shite |
Rofe, or wilde kind hereof ; the flowers are double, for which it
eee is
is efteemed, of a faint whitifh bluth colour, and weals,
My Meevergreen Rofecroweth tike the wilde Zglentine, the leaves
fall nor away in Winter as thofe of other Refs, which property
hath impofed the name, bur ftay on untill they are thruft off at the
Spring by new; the flowers ftand four or five together at the ends of
the branches, which are fingle, containing but five-leaves, which
are ofa pure white colour, and fomething in {cent refembling the
Musk Rofe, i : 5 PE ERAS BSUS 10 G 1
ee csaisdee Ae diafieaientleplabe tts 5.65%
of7) SYED 7, ; see
“THe spanifh Mosk Rofe rifeth as high as the laft er 0 t green
2 ise and bigger green leaves 5 the lowers are angle, con-
taining five large white leaves, with an eye of blafh im chem, like in
fcent to-the laft defcribed, ps io ee” P : MEV
| Refs Pomifera major. ee
He creat Apple Rofe hatha great frock and many teddifh bran-
gd tant with erent b ae the leaves are like thofe of the
common white Rofe, the flowers fmaltand fingle, ftanding on prickly
butrons, bearded like other Rofes, which after the flowers are fallen,
grow great, red, and of the fathion of a Pear, which red berries of
ES tt
“? *
eh ee
.
apples are the chiefeft ornament of this kind,
ee.
ae c ‘of
st
32
FLO RA. Book f.
: Rola Eolenteria flore duplici.
T He double Eglentine onely differeth from the common fingle
. dt wilde kind, im that the flowers of thisare double, compofed of
two, and fometimes three rows of leaves, of a pretty reddith colour,
the fcent both of the green leaves and flowers is the fame with the
wilde kind,
Allthefe (everal forts of Refes do bring forth their fair, fweer,
pleafaiit, and profitable flowers in Fuze, and continue flowering all
that moneth, and moft,partof Faly, except fuch onely whofe time
is expreffed in their Defcriptions,
The bet and mok efteemed are, firft, of thered Rofes' that called
Rofa mundi, the Rofe of the world, Vitrienfis, the red Belgick Rofe
the marbled Rofe, the Rofe without thorns, and the red Province Rofe:
ofthe Damask Rofes, the cryftal Rofe, Mrs, Hearts Rofe, the blufh
Belgitk Rofe, the monethly Rofe, and the Damask Province Rofe =
of the yellow Rofes, the fcarlet Auffrian. Rofe, and the double yellow
Rofe : of white Rofes,the blufh Rofeand the Damask Musk Rofe,T hefe
are all excellent Rofes, and none of them would be wanting in any
good Floriffs Garden,
_»)Rofes ave increafed either by.inoculating the buds of them in other
ftocks, or by laying down'the branches in the earth +. the beft ftocks
tobe inoculated upon are the Damask, the White, the Francford,
and the wilde Eglentine, the beft time about. Atidfomer,. or as foon
as good budsicanbegotten, hon | an
All ftocks of budded Rofes mutt be carefully kept from Suckers,
and if the Buds be placed near the ground, after one years growth
the budded lance may be laid in the earth to root, whereby it will be-
come a natural Tree, one of which is more worth than three that are
budded, for that every Sucker that comes from them will be of the
fame kind, ;whereby they may be increafed ; but all Ro/es are not
apt toyield Suckers, and therefore the {peedieft and moft certain
way is, to lay*down the branches, putting fome old well rotted
Dung about the place where they are laid, which will make them root
the fooner, COMBE ,
All Rofes are hardy enough, and willendure the Frofts in Winter,
-and the better the foil is you fet them in, the better they will thrive,
and the fairer will be the flowers ; they are ufually difpofed up and
down the Garden in bufhes, and under walls, and fet in rows or hed-
ges, {upported and kept invon either fide, the feveral-coloured Rofes
intermixed and well placed, blowing together, will makea moft gal-
Jant and glorious profpeét, After they have done bearing, they
muft be cut with the Garden-fhears fomething near, and toward the,
Spring each branch cut again with a knife clofe to a leaf-bud, and
* . -what
bl
Chap IV. | FUL 0 R. 4° :
what is dead or fuperfluous takenaway. Now there are fome Rofes
that are not fit to be plantedinahedge, as the Musk wg 4 which
will not bear acall unlefs they grow to fome high wall or houfe-fide,
where they may have liberty to grow to their full hei ht, which wil
be commonily eight or nine foot high, alfo the double yellow, which
is the moft unapt of all others to bear kindly and fair flowers, unlefs
it be ordered and looked unto in an efpecial manner ;. for whereas all
other Rofes are beft natural, this is belt inoculated upon another
ftock, others thrive and bear, beft inthe Sun, this in the fhade ;
therefore the beft way that I know to caufe this Rofe to bring forth
fair and kindly flowers, is performed after this manner, Firft, in the
ftock of a Francford Rofenear the ground putina Bud of the fingle
yellow me which will quickly fhoot toagoodlength, then halfa
yard higher than the place where the fame was budded, put into ita
Bud of the doable yellow Rofe, which growing, the Suckers mutt be
kept from the Root;. and all the Buds rubbed off except thofe of the
kind dated which being grown big enough to bear; (which will be
in two years) it muft in Winter be pruned very near, geeeet all
the {mall Shoots, and onely leaving the biggeft, cutting off the tops
of them alfoas far as they arefmall, thenin the Spring, when the
Buds forleaves come forth, rub off the fmalleft of them, leaving
onely fome few of the biggeft, which by reafon of the ftrength of
the ftock affording more nourithment than any other, and the agree-
able nature of the fingle yellow Rofe from whence it is immediately
nourifhed, the Shoots will be ftrong and able to bear out the flowers,
if they be not too many, which may be prevented by nipping off the
{malleft Buds for flowers, leaving onely fuch a number of the faireft
as the Tree may be able to bring to perfection, which Tree would
ftand fomething fhadowed; and not tod much in the heat. of the Sun;
and ina ftandard by it felf rather than under awall; Thefe Rules be-
ing obferved,we may expect to enjoy the full delight of thefe beauti-
ful Rofes, as 1 my felt have often done by my own praétice in divers
Trees fo handled, which have yearly born ftore of fair flowers, whem
thofe that were natural, notwithftanding all the helps I could ufe,
have not brought forth one that was kindly, but all of them either
broken, or as it were blafted, a mle
Tell me what flow’r kind Nature doth difelofe,
May be compared to the lovely Rofe ;
Whofe Beauty; Virtue, Scent, and Colours are
In Life, iw Death, in Bud and Bloffom, rare.
Andif one kind thefe graces all comprife, —— —
what then in thirty choice varieties ?
Friend, mufe no more, nor reckon what elfe rare,
Since all conclude the Role without compare ;
But wing thy shoughts to mount three ftories higher, '
Up to his Throne that thus adorn’d the Briar, a
And now after this long walk it will be time to retire, where we
may fit in fome fhady Bower, and behold thefeveral flower-bearing
* and climbing woody Plants;wherewith the fame is covered and ador-
_ned, which with others of like nature, but Page CHEN all be che
= “7mm
=
fubjeéts of our next difcourfe, —
ii
34
FLORA. Book I.
CHAP. Y;:
Rae cent Aving done with fo many of the flower-bearing Trees
BS) falas CF and Shrubs as we intended for this place, we will
ae treat of fome other woody flower-bearing Plants,
AS 29 elt that (being Climbers) ferve conveniently to cover
e225 Somer-bowers: and firft we will begin with the Faf-
wines, whereof thereare divers excellent varieties, moft of them
peculiar to fuch Countries, where the benignity of the Air and fer-
tility of the Soil is agreeable with fuch delicate and tender Conftitu-
tions: and although we cannot expect {uch rare Plants to profper in
our cold Country, yet there are fome of this kind contented to live
withus; with which andfome others more tender, together with
Weood-binds and Virgins-bower, thisChapter will acquaint you, and
firft wich the moft common,
Jafminum album.
TH white F afmine hath divers ~~ flexible branches, that come.
forth of the bigger boughs, which proceed from the root, fet
with winged leaves of adark green colour, ftanding two together.at
the joynts, made of many fmall-pointed leaves fet on each fide of a
middlerib, ufually three omafide,, and one bigger and more pointed
at theend: at the tops of the young branches divers :flowers come
forth together inatutt, each ona long foot-ftalk, which are fmall, “
jong and hollow, opening into fine white-pointed leaves, and of a
ftrong {weet fcent, which with us fall away without bringing feed,
5ranchn
TOW
Jafminum Catalonicum.
W kes: Catalonian or Spanifh fafmine rifeth not half fo highas the
former, the branches and green leaves arelike, but larger and
fhorter, the flowers are of the fame fafhion, but much bigger, and
before they are open of a bluth colour, and after white with bluth
edges, more fweet than thofe of the former,
Jafminim Eiifpanicum multiplex.
aps double Spanilh Fa mineis in the mannet of growing like unto
the laft, the greate difference isin the flowers, which of this
are white like the firft, but bigger and double, confifting of two
rows of leaves, with fome fmaller. coming forthof the middle, or
hollow bofoms of the flowers, which are as fweet as thofe of the
ee Fafminum lutenm.
T He yellow Fa/mine hath many long flender woody branches, ri-
-& fing from theroot, fet acdiftances with three fmall dark green,
ee | -— leaves
Chanda F.LOR A 3
leaves together, the middle or end-leaf being the biggelt: at the
joynts where the leaves come forth. ftand lo ftalks, bearing {mall
long hollow flowers, ending in five, and fometimes fix, yellow
leaves: after the flowers are paft, round black-fhining berries {ucceed
them ; theroots are tough and white, creeping in the ground, and
coming ap.in divers places much incteafing,
Fafminum Indicum flore pheniceo.
He Indian {earlet Fafmine, from alarge {pread root, confifting
of many great fibres and {maller ftrings; cometh up ofe, twa,
or more flexible branches, nor able to fuftain themfelves without the
help of fomething to fapport them, putting forth at every joynt
fome {mall hore tendrils, whereby it will ftrongly faften unto any
woody fubftance : at the joynts come forth two winged leaves,
which are as large almoft as Rofe leaves, full of veins, and finely
nicked on the fides, which moft ufually ftand three ona fide and one
at the end, which are veddith at the firft; but afterwards of a fair yel-
lowith green colour ; the fowers come forth at the ends of the bran-
ches many together, which are long likea Fox-glove, opening at
the ends into five fair broad leaves, like unto that of the Gentianella,
witha ftile and {mall threds in the middle, of a yellow or Saffron.co-
Jour ; in fome Plants the flowers have {mall red.Jines on the infides
sheet others ofa deep dark {carler colour, veined with {mall yel-
Ow ulnes, rT .
Thefe are the varieties of fafmines growing in our Englith Gar-
dens, unto which we will infert fome other woody climbing flower-
bearing Plants, which feem conveniently to cover and beautifie
fome Bowers, as
Periclimenum per foliatum.
f Bie double Honifuckle, whichis fo common that it needeth no de-
{cription, it is very fit to cover an Arbour in refpeét of the much
{preading thereof; and the multitude of {weet flowers grow in five or
{tories one above another, with round green leaves circling the
ftalk becwixt every roundle of flowers, which are of rhe form of the
wilde Honifuckle, but fairer, yellower, and much {weeter, |
| Periclimenum Italicum flore rubro. _—
ee ved Italian Honifuckle groweth fomechin like the wide kind,
4 with fuch green leaves, but-redder branches, {preading very
much, fo that two Plants (one of the former and another of this)
are futficient to cover a large Arbour : the flowers of this are very
many, coming forth together in great tufts from the ends and_
of the red branches, which are longer and better formed than thofe
of the other, which at firft, before they are fully facta sd
ofa fine red colour, but afterwards ropes yellow about t ie
Lite 2 ee wf
35
FLOR A. — Book I.
upon part of the flowers, which make a gallant thew, and are of a
{weet {cent, but not fo ftrong as the former,
Clematis peregrina flore rubro.
R Ed Virgins-bower hath many limber woody weak branches, co~
vered with a brown thin outer bark, and green underneath,
winding about any thing it can take holdof; the leaves ftandat the
joynts, confifting of three parts, whereof fome are notched on one
fide, and fomeon both; the Howers come from the joynts upon
long foot-ftalks, which are made of four leaves ftanding like a crofs,
of a fullen dark-red or liver-colour : the roots are a bundle of
brown ftrong ftrings, faftened toa head running deep in the ground,
- Clematis peregrina flore purpureo.
pure Virgins-bower differeth nothing at all fromthe former, but
onely in the colour of the flowers, thofe of this being of a fad hea-
vy bluish purple, :
Clematis peregrina flere pleno purpureo.
He deuble purple Virgins- bower in all the parts thereof is like unto
the former, but bigger and ftronger ; the flowers are of the fame
colour with thofe of the laft defctibed, and exceeding thick and
double, the outward leaves “being broad like the former, and the
innér harrow and folded clofe together, likea large button in the
middle of the flower, which open by degrees, but fo flowly, thar
the outward leaves commonly fall away, before the other open or
- fhew themfelves, which is a great defect in this lower, I haye heard
of two others of this kind, which are faid to grow in the Floriffs Gar-
dens about Rome, bearing double flowers, the one of a bluifh Peach-
colour, and the other white, ©
Maracoc, five Clematis Virginiana.
Fae Virginian Climber rifeth out of the ground in May, with ma-
ny long round winding ftalks, more or lefs according tothe age
and liking of the Plant, which will grow with us to be five, fix, or
more foot high; from the joynts come forth the leaves, at each one,
and from the middle to the topa fmall clafper, like that of the Vine,
_ anda floweralfo ; the leaves are broad at the bottom, and about the
middle divided into three parts, nicked about the edges; thebud
of the flower beforeit openeth is like unto the feed-veffel of the
common fingle Nigila, but longer; havingat the top five crooked
hotns, which opening, this bud or head divideth it felf into ten parts,
fufteining the leaves of the flower, which are very many, long, fharp-
_ pointed, narrow, and orderly fpread open one by another, fome
lying ftraight,- others crooked , thefe leavesare of a whitith colour,
thick-fj potted witha Peach colour, having towards the bottom a ring
, of
ChapV. FLOR A.
of a perfect Peach-colour, and above and beneath it a white circle,
which addecth much to the beauty of the Aower, in the midft where-
of rifeth an Umbrane, which parterh it felfinto four or five crooked
{potted horns ; from the midft of thefe rifech another roundifh head,
which carries three nails or horns, biggeft above and fimalleft at the
lower end: never with usis this flower fucceeded by any fruit, but
in the Weft Indies (itsnatural Countrey) it bearetha fruit like unto
a Pomegranate, from whence called there Granadilla, containing a
whitifh pulp, and many cornered rough black feeds, of the bignefs
of Pear-kernels: the roots are long, fomewhat thicker than thofe
of Sar{a Parilla, which run far in the earth , and put up heads in feve-
ral places,
The Fa/mines bring forth their flowers from, Fudy untill the
middle of Anga/?, the firft white, and the common yel low are har+
dy, and will endure our cold Winters, and increafe faft enough by
Suckers, but the zwdian yellow is tender, and not fo eafily raifed ;
this and the Spanifh, both forts muft be planted in Pots, Tubs, or
Boxes, that they may be houfed in Winter: with us they are ufually
encreafed (efpecially the Spanifh kinds) by grafting them lace in the
Spring the yh upon the ftock of the common white Faf-
mine, theother Indian -afmine flowereth about Augu/f, and will
endure the Winter ifit be defended in its nonage, but older Plants
are hardy enough, and may be encreafed by Layers ; thofe which
have I raifed from feeds which came from Virginia,
The double Wood-bind flowerethin May, and thered in the end of
Fune: thereis nothing more eafily increafed, for every branch-of
either of them will take root if it but rouchthe ground, much more
ifit belaid artificially therein: the chiefufe ot thefe and the com-
sae white Fafmine, is to cover Arbours, or adorn the walls of
oufes, |
Clematis ot Virgins-bower, ‘the feveral kinds thereof will be in .
flower moft part of Fwly and Anguft, they grow well, with us, and
endure long, eafily increafed by laying the branches: thefe are com-
monly ufed to cover Arbours, for which parpofethey fitly ferves
but many‘of the young and {mall branches are apt to die in Winter,
which muft be pruned in March, and the nearer they are cut,the fairer
the flowers will be itt Somer following,
The Maracoc bringeth forth his beautiful flowers in Avgu/?, and
is more tender than the other; the ftalks die to the ground every
Winter, and {pring again from the roots in May, which mutt be co-
vered and defended from extreme hard frofts in Winter, the roots
run far, and come up in divers places, whereby it may be much in-
creafed: weufually plant them in large Pots, in the richeft Earth
we Can get, which will ftop the running of the roots, be conveni-
ently removed intoa houfe in Winter, and into the Sun in Somer 5
for unlefs it ftand in fome hot place, and the Somer be according, F
— wi
47
FEGR : Book I.
will not bear at all, therefore to help ic forward, many with good
fuccefs fet the Pot with this Plant up to the top ina Hot bed,
where Melons or choice Annuals have been fowed, as foon as they
are taken off or removed,
GHAP, ~Vi.
P45 Col croundin Winter, andrife again from the roots at
==9} the Spring ; and then conclude with fome {mall
that for the beauty of their flowers are preferved in
Fraxinella flore rubente.
weiee Dittany with a reddifh flower rifeth up with divers round
A) hard woody brownifh ftalks, about two foot high, the lower
parts whereof are furniihed with many winged leaves, refembling
thofe of Liquorifh,- or ofa young Afb, confifting of feven, nine, or
elevenfet together, fomewhat large andJong, finely purled about
the edges, of a fad green colour, and ftrong refinous {cent ; the up-
per part of the ftalks are furnifhed with many flowers, growing ina
{pike at diftances one above another, each containing five long
leaves, whereof four ftand on the two fides bending upwards, the
- fifth hanging down, turning up again the end, of afaintor pale red
colour, ftriped through every leaf witha deeper red, having a taffe] -
in the middle made of five or fix long purplith threds, that bow down
with the lower leaf, and turn up the ends again, witha little freeze
or thrum at the ends of each of them: the flowers are fucceeded by
. hard ftiffclammy husks, horned or pointed at the ends, fomething
like thofe of the Columbine, but bigger, rougher, and harder, where-
in iscontained round fhining black feeds: the root is white, ver
large and {preading under ground ; the whole Plant throughout all
the parts thereof hath that ftrong refinous fcent, not fo pleafant to
the Nofe, as the flowers are delightful to the Eye,
Fraxinella flore rubro.
B4 ftard Dittany with ared flower differeth from the former, in that
it is bigger in all che parts thereof, the.leaves of a darker green
colour, the flowers grow ina longer fpike, and of a deeper red co-
our; of this kind there is another raifed from the feeds of this,
whofe a thicker on the ftalk than any other kind, and are
of a deep bloudy red colour,
Fraxinella
Chap.V1. FLO R A.
Flaxinella flore dlbo.
Bttee Dittany with awhite flower hath the leaves and ftalks of 2
frefher green colour than any of the former, and the flowers
white, and not altogether fo big, in no other thing differing from the
ormer,
Fraxinella flore albo ceruleo.
B4 ftard Dittany with an Afh-eolonred flower differeth onely from
the laft in the colour of the flowers, thofe of this being ofa pale
blue or Ath colour : there is alfo another variety of this, raifed from
the feeds of this kind, which is leffer in all the parts thereof than any
of the other, and the flowers are ofa bleak blue colour, ftriped with
adeeper blue or violet colour,
Having now done with the varieties of the ftately, though ftrong-
{cented Fraxinella, we will conclude withakind or two of fweet-
{melling Ciftws, leaving the many other diverfities to their natural
habitations, being Plants fo tender, that the trouble in keeping
them would be more than the pleafure of having them,
He male Ciftus isafmallthrubby Plant, growing with us about
three or four foot high, having many flender brittle woody
branches, covered witha whitith bark, whereon are fet many long
and fomerhing narrow whitith green leaves, crumpled and fomething
hard in handling, two ftanding at every joynt; the flowers come
forth at the ends of the branches, three or four together upon. flen-
der foot-ftalks, each confifting of five fmall round leaves, like uato
a fmall fingle Rofe, ofa fine reddith. purple colour, with many yel-
low threds in the middle, which foon fall away, and are fi scceedad by
round hard hairy heads, containing {mall brown feeds, eee”
Ciftus Ledon.
He Gum Ciftus rifeth higher and fpreadeth more than. the for=
pes with my lack woody branches, whereon are fet di-
vers long narrow dar green leaves, but whiter
ftanding two together at every joynt ;_ theftalkkan
dewed with a clammy fweet moifture, but much more in hot Coun-
tries chanin ours, which being artificially taken off, is that blaek
fweet Gum called Ladanum: at the tops of the branches ftand fingle
white flowers, larger than thofe of the former, like fingle Rofes
with five leaves, each having at the bottom a dark purplith {por,
broad below and pointed upwards, with fome yellow threds in the
middle; after the flowersare paft, cornered heads fucceed, wherein ig
contained {mall brownith feeds, like thofe of the former,
9
40
FE oR Book I,
‘The Fraxinella’s are in flower about the end of Pune, and conti-
nue moft of Fuly , the feed isready to gather about the end of Au-
guft, which will (by the fpringing ‘of the Pods) be all loft, unlefs
care be taken to preventit, This isa hardy Plant, and will endure
many years without removing, and yield many new Plants; which
in the beginning of March may be taken from the old root: they are
alfo raifed from feeds fowed in rich earth as foon as the frofts are paft
in February, from whence varieties may be raifed, efpecially from
thofe of the deep red, the white, and the Afh colour, “a |
- The Cifkus is raifed from feeds, and the Plants houfed in Winter,
for they will not endure the cold air,
CHAP, vil.
Aving now done with all fuch Greens, Flower-bear-
ing Trees, Shrubs, and woody Plants, that are of
moft beauty and efteem, we will proceed to Flow-
ers, beginning with thofe vulgarly called French
alec Ee oe Flowers, which are fuch as have either Scaly, Bul-
ROTO Fou, Gramous, ot Tuberous roots, from whence
a" the Leaves; Stalks, and Flowers do yearly (pring,
moft of them dying even to the very roots fhortly after their flower-
ing: and firft of Zelies and their kinds, whereof there are many di-
vérfities, the Martagons being of the fame family, out of all which
T fhall cull che beft, and purpofely omit the reft as Vulgars, not wor-
thy entertainment: the Crow” Imperial is alfoa kind of Lily, which
although it be common and of fmall regard, yet to follow the exam-
ple of divers good Floriffs, and to make way for fome newer and no-=
bler kittds thereof than were formerly known, we will begin this
Chapter of Lilies and Martagons therewith, and fo pafs to the reft
in order,
= Corona Imperialts.
He Crown Imperial hatha great round Fox-fcented root, from
whence {pringeth upa tall and ftrong ftalk, garnifhed from the
a unto the middle thereof, with many long fhining green leaves;
mm whence it is naked upwards, bearing at the ropa tuft of fmall
green leaves, and under them eight or ten flowers, according tothe
age of the Plant, hanging down round about the ftalk, in faflion like
unitoa Lily, confifting of fix leaves, of an orenge colour, with many
veitis of adeeper colour on the backfides of the flowers ; next the
{talks every leaf thereof hath a bunch or eminence of a {adder orenge
colour than thereft of the flewers, and on the infide thofe bunches
are filled with fweet-tafted clear drops of water, like unto: Pearls,
each flower having in the middle a ftile compaffed with fix white
chives tipt with yellow pendents,
<a Corona
Chap. VII. FEOR 2.
Corona Imperialis flore muleiplict.
6 au double Crown Imperial is of later difcovery and more efteem
than the former, and chiefly differeth from it in the flowers,
which in this are conftantly double , each flower containing fifteen
or fixteen leaves, whereas thofe of the other common kind have
but fix ; the leaves of thefe double flowers are narrower,with a drop
or Pearl at the head of each of them, of the famecolour with thofe
of thecommon kind, and as many flowers on one ftalk, The plant
at firft coming up is redder, anid contineth longer fo than the ordi-
nary : The green leaves of darker colour, and the tuft on the top
above the flowers, bigger, and confifting commonly of more leaves,
Thisis a gallant plant, deferving efteem, although the other is now
little regarded,
Corona Imperialus flore luteo.
T% yellow Crown Imperial diffeteth only from the firft common
kinde, in that the flowers are of a fair yellow colour , and now
more rare than that with double flowers:
Corona Imperialis angufti folia flore rubente.
T% narrow-leaved Crown Imperial, with a reddi[h flower , differeth
froth the other fingle kinds, in that the leaves are much har-
rower, the flowers {maller and of alightred or pale Rofe-colour, ~
Lilium Perficum.
Seek Perfian Lily hath 4 root like unto that of the Crown Im-
perial; but longer, fmaller, and whiter, from whence fpringeth
up a round whitih green ftalk, befet from the bottom to the middl¢
thereof with many long and narrow whitifh green leaves; from
whence to the top ftand many {mall flowers , hanging down their
heads, each containing fix leaves; of a dead or over-worn purple
colour, with a pointill and chives in the middle, tipt with yellow
pendents,
The Crown Imperial flowererh if the endof March, or beginning
of April, andthe Perfiaw Lily , almoft a moneth atteric, they are
both increafed by affets that come from the old roots, which lofe
"their fibres every year, and therefore they may be taken up after the
{talks are drie, which willbe in Fane, and kept out of the gtound
untill 4ugu/# ; they may be fet in borders, or corners of large knots,
among ordinary Tulips, and other flowers that lofe their fibres, thar
they may be taken uptogether, the Crown Imperial, efpecially that
with double flowers, is an excellent ornament in the middle of a large
Flower-pot, among Daffodils, Tulips, Anemonies, Hyacinthes, and —
other flowers of that featon; the Perfian Lily is a flower of {mall
42 rf E-@ R. A. i Book I.
: beauty, and onely received for variety, the dull and heavy colour —
ferving to fet off, and caufe others to feem the more glorious.
- Lilium Rubrun.
B Sc red Lily is a vulgar flower, and many forts thereof common
ineyery Country-womans Garden, the which are feldom ac-
cepted by any Florifts, There are three other kinds which are of fome
regard, in refpect they bear fairer flowers than any of the othér com-
mon forts; we willinfert thofeonly , and pafs over the reftas re-
gardlefs plebeans not worth mentioning.
Lilium Cruentum bulbiferum:
He fiery red bulbed Lily rifethup from a great white fcaly root
(asallthe Lelies have) witha ftrong tall ftalk, fet with many
long dark-green leaves, and at the top adorned with many fair large
flowers, each compofed of fix broad thick leaves, of a fiery red co-
Jour at the tops, and towards,the botcoms.of. an orenge-colour,with
_ {mall black {pecks, bearing among the flowers. andialong:the ftalk,
divers bulbes like little roots ,, which-being fet... in. time: will: bring
forth flowers like unto thofe of the original. ;
Lilium Rubrum flore pleno.
Ee double red: Lily, is like; man.the-lormer, inset, ftalk and
~ leaves, but without bulbes; not fobig’ nor of fodark’a green.
colour; it commonly beareth many Orenge-coloured fingle flowers
on one ftalk, with many fmall brown foaaks on the infides thereof,
and fome times but one fair double flower , as if the leaves of many
flowers were-united inone, which although 'it be but accidental, yer’
it hapneth in this kind, more.frequently than in-any-ether red-Lil 15
for if you haye many.roots of .this-fort , youwillalways have fome:
double flowers, and many, more.in-fome years than: in othets,
Lilium Luteum.
| yellow Lily is like the laft double Lily, bur taller and bigger,
the flowers are many on one ftalk, and wholly of a fine Gold-
yellow colour; thisismoreefteemed thanany of the former),
Lilium Album... a
fy white Lily, affordeth three diverfities, two befides the-com-
mon kinde,. which are of more: eftimation than any-of the red
Liljes , and for the beauty. of zhe one 5 andrarity \of the other, de-
ferve. tobe regarded...
Lili “a |
Chap VU. FLORA
: Lilinm Album vulgare.
T% conemon white Lily is{owell known, that it needeth no de-
{cription; it hatha fcaly root, bigger and yellower than thofe
of thé red Lily; the ftalk-is tall, the leaves broad and long, of afrefh
greeh colour, the flowers are fix or eight on one ftalk, in an old plane,
but fewer in the younger, whichin fafhionare like thofe of the for=
mer, but turning back the points of the leaves , which are of an ex-
cellent pure white colour , with a pointell and white chives in thé
middle, tipt with yellow pendents.
Lilinm Album Byzxantinum.
, i white Lily of Conftantinople differeth from the common
white Lily in that it is fmaller in all the parts thereof, and
beareth more flowers, ufually twenty, or thirty on one ftalk, which
many times will come flat and broad, witha hundred or more flowers
, she
thereon, like unto thofe of thecommen kinde, but {mallér;
Lilium Album flore pleno.
ye double white Lily is in all things like unto the common
kinde , the flowers. onely. excepted, which in this are ufually
five or fix on one ftalk, and all’of them conftantly double, confifting
of many fmall long white leaves , which grow on the foot-ftalks one
above another, forming a long double Hower, the leaves of them are
long green, before they open or turn white, and unlefs the feafon
be very fair, they never openatall, this is efteemed for the rarity
of the double flowers; more than for any beauty that is in them,
_ Martdgon.
T4 mountain Lily or Martagon is next tobe defcribed, whereof
there is fome diverfity, they are divided into two primary kinds,
that is chofe that bear broad green leaves in rundles about the ftalks
at diftances, the which are called mountain Lilies; and others, that
bear narrow long green leaves ,» {parfedly feton the ftalks, in fome
bigger, and in others {mallery out of which we will colle@ the belt;
and defcribe them in order). © SRiDio ereTS |
> Martagon Imperiale five Lilium montanum majus.
He Martagon Imperial » as all the Martagons have, afealy
-#* epaleyellow root; the ftalk rifecha yard high, of a brewnith
colour;. befet at certain diftances with Caudles of broad green leaves,
and «naked betwixt ,..at the top of the ftalkcome forth, inan old
plant, fourfcore ora hundred flowers, thick fet together » each on
a feveral foot-ftalk, hanging down their heads and turning the leaves
hack again, as all Martagons do 5 ne are thick and flefhy, 4 2
so 2 pale
a3
4H
tell and fix chives tipt with red pendents,
FLORA. ~ Bookil.
pale purple colour, with brown fpets on the infide, a ftile in the mid-
dle, with fix yellow chives tipe with Vermillion pendents,
Martagon flore Albo.. -
i » white Martagon differeth from the former , inthat the ftalk is
greener , the flowers fewer, and not fo thick fet on the ftalk,
andare in this, of a white colour with yellow pendents,
Martagon flore albo maculato.
few white (potted Martagon is very like the laft in manner of grow-
_& ing,only the ftalk is brown, and.the flowers inclining to a blufh
colour, with many red {pots on the infides thereof, inno other re-
fpect differing from the former, |
There are fome other varieties of the Martagous Or mountain Lilies
kept in vulgar Gardens, which arenot worth the mentioning, thefe
three forts being the moft acceptable,
Martagon Canadenfe maculatum.
He [potted Martagon of Canada may ferve to bring up the rear,
and follow che mountain Lilies ; for that the green leaves grow
on theftalkinrundles theroot of this ftranger is {maller, an the
ftalk lower than any of the former, -bearing four or five flowers on
long foot-ftalks, ‘inform rei “hanging down their heads,
of a fair yellow colour, with many black fpots on the infide, a poin-
Martagon Conftantinopolitanum.
"Tr He Martagon of Conftantinople hath a great yellowith f{caly root,
from whence fpringeth up a brownith ftalk, befec confufedly:
with many fomething large round pointed green leaves; on the top
of the ftalk come forth three, four, or more flowers , on long foot-
ftalks, hanging down their heads, and turning the leaves back again
which are of fair orewge-colour, deeper in fome than in others, wit
2 pointell and fix chives tipt with yellow pendents ; this is common
in every ordinary Garden; and hatt not been here inferted, but to
make way for a better kinde thereof,
Martagon Conftantinopolitanum maculatum. |
He red (potted ‘Martagon of Conftantinople differeth from the —
Bother, in that the flowers are larger, more on a ftalk, of a
Orenge, or Scarlet colour, and thick {pecled on the infide, with ma-
| Fb (pots, which addeth very much to the beauty of the
Marta-
Chap. VIL. EBEORS
Martagon Panonicum.
"I He Martazon of Hungary is like the lat in root, leaves, and form
of flowers, onely the leaves are larger, and thinner fet on the
ftalks, the flowers much bigger, and of a bright pale Orenge-colour 5
this as it is the rareft of all the Martagous , fois it the hardeft to
come by. :
Martagon Virginianum. .
ate Virginian Martagon hath a clofe compacted, round, (caly,
pale, yellow root, from the fides whereof, more frequently than -
thetop, come forth the ftalks about three foot high; {parfedly fee
with whittifh green leaves, bearing at the head three, four, or more
fomething large flowers, turning back like that of Coehanmees of
a Gold yellow colour, with many brown {pots about the bottoms of
the flowers, with the poinrs or ends of the leaves that curn up, of a
red or Scarlet colour, and without fpots ; this is-a tender Plant and
mutt be defended from Froft in Winter there is another of this kind
that beareth more flowers on one ftalk; differing from the former, in
that thefe are of pale colours but {ported as the other,
Pres | Martagon Pompanium.
7 Martagon of Pempony bath a great yellowith, brown, fcaly
root, from whence fpringeth up a green ftalls, two or three
foot high, promifcuonfly thick fer wich many fmall, long, green
Jeaves almoft to the top, where ftand many flowers , in number ac-
cording to the age of the Plant; for infome that have ftood long
‘unremoved, I have had fourfcore or an hundred flowers on one
ftalk , which are of a yellowifh orenge-colour, with {mall black
{pecks on the infide thereof, in fafhion like to the red Martagon of
Con ftantineple, but {maller ; there is fome variety in this Plant, for
fome of them have broader and fhorter green leaves than others; and
there are others that flower afortnight after the moft common, and
beft known of this kinde,
t Lutes bi éPatum.
Mariage ae
i He: Le sop Martagon hath 4 great oleae like that of the
“ faft, bur’bigger ; the ftalk rifech up: in the fame manner with
broader green leaves, the flowers alfo are of the fame fize and fafhion,
but of 2 pale, greenith, yelloweolour, with many black {pecks on the
infide thereof, and not fo many on one ftalkasthe former, 9
Martagon luteum non punctatum.
“in that the flowers of this are allof that pale, greenifh, yellow
_ golour,
‘
| T He yellow Martagon without [pots differeth onely from the other,
46
EROQR 4. Book
colour, without any fpecks or marks ; thefe yellow Martagons for
variety may be admitted, and were they as pleafing to the fcent, as
they are to the fight, would beof more efteem than now they are ;
there is oneother variety of this yellow Martagon , which differeth
only in the time of the flowering, which isnot untill $w/y, and in
that the flowers are of a fairer and deeper yellow colour, 3
All thefe zilies, and moft of the Martagons, flower in Funes
that of Pomponyis the earlieft, which flowereth towards the end at
May thofe of Conftantinople are later , as about the end of Fuze or
beginning ot Fuly, and that of Virginia the laft of them all, whofe
time of flowering is in Anguf. =
‘They are all increafed by the roots too faft, being ftrong and har-
dy Plants, except that of Camada and that of Virginia, both which
are very tender and unapt to thrive or live at all in our Country ; the
roots of all the other hold their Fibres, and therefore donot affect
to be often removed, which when there is occafion to do, the beft
time is as foon as the ftalksare fully dry; for then they will have
Yewelt Fibres ; thefe fcaly roots mutt be fet reafonable deep, tour or
five inches over the head ifi the earth, which every other year fhould
be opened down to the bottoms of them, not hurting or ftirring any
of the Fibres, and all the off-fets and young roots taken away, the
mother root only left, unto which fome richer earth may be then
conveniently put before it be covered, by this means the flowers
of the old root will be fairer, and many more on one ftalk, the
.
ground nut peftered, and new Plants gained,
_ As for thefe tender Martagons of Canada and Virginia, they will
not endure toftand abroad, but muft be planted in the richelt and
hoteft earth can be gotten, in Boxes or large Pots , and fet in fome
Seller in the Winter where they may not Freez, :
a
CHAP. VII,
Fritillaria.
BROR He Fritillary, and the varieties thereof are next to be
> defcribed, the which may be divided into two diftinet
kinds the firftthofe with {mall roots, fharp-poin-
ted green leaves and large flowers ; and the other
: with bigger roots, round pointed whiter green leaves,
and different fafhioned {taller flowers ; of each kinde there are fe-
veral forts and diverfities ; we will begin with the firft, and firft of
that beft known, :
Fraxinella
ChapVi. FLOR KL
- Britillaria bilgaris.
Ty? e common thecquered Fritillary hatha {mall round white root,
made of two pieces, as if it were cleft in the midft, out of which
cleft the ftalk {pringeth afoot high, of more, with fome few leaves
thereon difperfed; at the top thereof out of a ruft of four or five hol-
low lon® green thatp-pointed leaves cometh the flower, hanging
dowii the liead like to that of the ordinary Crown Imperial, confifting
of fix leaves of 4 fillen teddith purple colour, checquered with adeep-
er purple ;. the infide of the flower is of a brighter Colour than the
outfide, witha ftile and fix chives tipt with yellow pendents : -after
the flower is fallen, the ftile (whichis the f{eed-veffel) ftandeth up-
right, and containeth flat griftly feeds, like unto that of a 7. ulip,
but leffer, The old roots of this.fort will bring two.and three flowers
on oie {talk,’and the feeds diverfities,’ fome paler and fome brighter
than others; aiid foitte Adwering in afarch, a moneth before others.
t ae “uy = > ae oan iia
Fritillévia floré diy ict albicante. —
opie double blufh Fritillary is in al the parts thereof like the for-
mer, onely the flower is double, confifting of twelve leaves or
more of! TeV ary bluth colour, {ported.as the other ; this is
not accidental but natural, and is con ftan antly double,
pensioct Fritillarta alba.
5%
7 white Fritillary differeth chiefly from: the firft, in that the
leaves and ftalk are greener, andthe flower white; the feeds of
this being fowed bringeth varieties, fome flowering a moneth before
oilers, fine bealingtta flowers, and fome two on one ftalk,
|
’ Fritillaria flore luteo.”
to —— mute.
Scare yellow Fritillary is in all things like the laft, ‘onely the flower
of this on the outfide as well as infide is of a perfect yellow colour,
Fritillaria flore atrorubente,
Tie dark red Fritillary hath Steen leaves, whiter, broa gr tot
“(hotter than the former ; ‘the flower is larger, ‘ofa dusky ted co-
Jour on the outfide, and bloud-red on the infide, which falls away
fooner than thofe of the other, Orr and thisis that the Walloons
haye lately brought over, which they call the black Fritillary, a
flower of fmall beauty, andlefs continuance, | .
ee eee + tere fit - uEe
| Fritillaria mixoma rubra,
4 great red Fritillary is in all the parts thereof like urito the laf
defcribed, but bigger ; the fowers alfo are larger, of adark red
WRAY colour,
FLORA | Book I.
colour, afually’ two or three upon one ftalk ; a much better flower
than the laft, but almoft as foon decaying, Thefe are the varieties
of the firft kind of Fritillaries, and now we will proceéd to defcribe
thofe of the other fort, | |
Fritillaria flore luteo major.
8 2 greater yellow Fritillary hatha bigger and broader root than
any of the former, the leaves are broader, fhorter, and round-
pointed , the ftalk about two foot high > and of a whiter green
colour than thofe of the former ; the flower islong, fmall, and of a
faint yellow colour,
~ Fritillaria ore luteo punctate.
"YT He potted yellow Fritillary hath round-pointed whitifh green
leaves, like the laft, the floweris bigger amd longer than any
of the former, ofa pale yellow colour, diverfly {potted and chec-
quered, which addeth much to the beauty thereof,
Fritillaria lutea maxima Italica.
ab: He great yellow Italian Fritillary hath darker green leaves than
4 the former, the flower longer, and ofadark yellowith purple
colour, {potted with {mall red checquers ; this is that which hath
been lately brought untous out of Flanders, by the name of the 7/a-
~ bella-coloured Fritillary, —
_ Fritillaria Italica flore lateo viridi.
tT [mall Italian yellowifh green Fritillary is like the laft, but
{maller; the flowers are {mall and long, two or three on one ftalk,
and turn up the brims of the leaves, which are of a yellowith green
colour, {potted with purple, little refpected for that the {mell there-
of is very offenfive, :
Fritillaria anguftifolia exotica Viridi albicante multiplex.
§ ew exotick narrow-leaved Fritillary with a whitifh green double
ower isot morerarity than the former; it hath a tall ftalk,
narrow green leaves, anda large fhort double flower, of afullen whi-
tifh green colour,
3 Fritiflarsa lutea juncifolia Lufitanica.
Bebe [mall yellow Fritillary ef Portugal hath {maller and fhorter
round-pointed leaves than any of the former; the flower isalfo
{mall, of ayellowcolour, more {potted and checquered than any of
the yellow Fritillaries,
, Fritillaria
Chap VAI. ELORA
| Fritillaria Pyrenea.
pik black Fritillary is in all things like the yellowith green, but
that the ftalk and flowers.are-fhorrer~than thofe of the laft, and
of a dark fullen blackith green colour, _
| Frit Maria Hifpanica umbelisfera.
Te _spanifsblack-Fritillary only differeth from the laft,in chat itis
bigger, and beareth four or five flowers hanging round about the
ftalkylikethofe:of the Crown Impertal, ,
The early'kinds of Fritillaries do flower about the end of March
or beginning of Aprils, the other after thofe are paft, for the fpace.of
a moneth onéafrer anothers the great yellow is the laft; whofe time,
of flowering is in the end of May. 3
oe = paties well snot bo; at react Fi
The: foots lofe their fibres ds foon as thé ftalks. are dry 5
ahd may ‘then, or any tinte:before the middle of <Asgu/f, be
taken up and kepe dry for fome time, butif taken up too foon,
or kept too long out. of ground, ; . will either perith or be much
weakened.thereby 5 therefore take tfrem not up before the middle of
Fuly, nor keep them.out of the ground after the beginning of As-
guft', they may befet among ordinary Tulips, and other roots that
lofe their fibres, in the beds of aKnot or Fret, where the nakednefs
of the ftalks (efpecially of thofe of the firft kind) may be covered with
the leaves of athe bd
Doubtle(s many more diverfities of thefe Fritillaries may be rai-
fed from the feeds of the beft»kinds, being fowed, preferved, and
ordered in the famemanner as thofe of Twlips, few particulars need-
ing exception either in: this, orimany other bulbous-rooted Plant,
that lofeth the fibres; wherefore thofe that defire to practife che
fowing of fuch feeds, Irefer to the general directions in the, end
the Chapter of Tw/ips, where they will meet with ample fatisfacti-
on therein, 2: ashy
I 3 1.8 S3 a CHAP.
FLOR 4. Book I.
CHAP. ero,
Tslipa.
M te Tulip is a flower well known, efpecially the more
common kinds thereof, but there are many noble va-
rieties , whofe faces, as few'ate acquainted with, as
Seq with their excellent qualities ; thefe are thofe lovely
sles , whofe bravery excelled Solomon in his greateft
luftre} Flora’s choiceft Jewels, and the moft.glorious ornaments of
the be{t Gardens’, transferable favours: from one Flori ff to another,
aptly conveyable (che feafon confidered) many-miles diftant,
And as thefe ftately Flowers are efteemed,fo are they valued , one
root being ufually fold with usat all prices, from a penny (I may fay
with modefty) to five pounds; but in ocher Countries where Elow-
ers are more affected, at far higher rates. Such is their rarity and
excellence, and fo numerous are the varieties , that it isnot pofsible
any one perfon ‘in the world fhould be able to exprefs , ot compre-
hend the half of chem, every Spring difcovering many new. diverfi-
ties} never before obferved , either arifing from the Seeds of fome
choice kinds, the altering of off-fers , omby: the bufie and fecret
working of Nature upon feveral felf-colours,’ in different! foils and
fituations , together with the help of Art : Of all which plentifully
in the end of this Chapter. :
~The divifion of Tulips according to Gerard, Parkinfon, Cly fins,
and Ferrarius, isinto three forts, Precoces; Medias , and Serotinas,
early, middle, and late flowering Tw#/ips, whereas indeed there are but
two primary diftinét kinds, Precoces, and Serotinas ; thefe having
other notable differences, befides their time .of flowering, which
from the firft to the laft, is asdiftant inthe Precaces, as that of thofe
called Medias to the Serotinas ; fo according to their rule,we might
as well divide the early as the later, and fo make four forts out of
two; yet not to be thought fingular, I fhall not alcer the old me-
thod, but fet downa plentiful variety of each, under fuch names as
they are generally received and known by, written after the Englifh
fathion, that perfons unexpert in the Orthography of Forein Lan-
Suages, may beable to write and pronounce them; beginning with
the beft known and more ordinary forts , and fo proceed to better,
« Whe greateft difference of Tulips is inthe flowers , as the diver-
fity of colour, manuer of marking, bottoms, chives or Tamis, big-
‘nefs, fafhion, and manner of growing ; the which after one general |
defcription of the whole Plant, fhall be particularly expreffed, where-
by each flower by name and face may be known and diftinguifhed.
Tulipa
Chap. 1X. EEO RA
Tulipa preecox, media; es ferotina.
a e early, middle, and later flowering Tulip, {pringeth out of the
4 ground, with leaves folded one within another, which opening
by degrees become broad, thick, long ahd hollow, turning up the
edges, and holding water falling thereon; they are commonly three
innumber, but fometimes in old-rooted Plants four or five, of a
whitith green colour, with whiter edges, efpecially in thofe of the
Precoces, whereby they may be known from the other forts, whofe
leaves are of afrefher green, the ftalk withthe flower cometh upin
the middle of the leaves, which do rife therewith, and compafsit at
certain unequal diftances; many of the Pracoces bending to the
ground; but before they flower, drawn by the Sun, ftand upright as
allthe reft do, the ftalks of the Precoces are commonly not abovea
foot high, and many of them much lower, but thofe of the Med/as
and Serotinas far higher : they all bear ufually but one flower on a
ftalk, which ftandeth upright , in fafhion like unto.a Ly , compo-
fed of fix leaves, green at the firft and:clofed , which warmed by the
Sun, open and change into divers feveral glorious colours, varioufl
mixed, edged, ftriped, feathered, garded, agotted, marbled, flaked,
or fpecled, even to admiration ; the leaves of fome of them being
round pointed, of others fharp, and in fome three of one fafhion and
three of the other * The colour of the bottoms and Tamis, efpeci-
ally in the Mediums and Serotinas, doth alfo notably differ from each
other ; for in fome they will be white, yellow, or ftraw-colour ; and
in others blew, black, or purple, deeper or lighter , fome of. thefe
flowers are {weeter than others, and many of them have little or no
{cent atall: in the middle of the flower ftandeth along green head,
commonly three {quare (whichis the Seed-veffel) compafled about
with fix chives, tipt with pendents (which are thofe after the French
~-wecall Tamis) in colour ufually anfwerable to rhat of the bottom,
whick often changeth, for when ared, or purple flower, with a blew,
or other dark-coloured bottom and Tamismarketh well with white,
the bottom will be white alfo,:the bottom running up. into-the
leaves, which isa prime caufe of the well marking thereof , but the
T amis remain without alteration, whereby the fowet may be known
through all che various mutations thereof, the rule holding certain ia
moft of the beft howers, After the leaves of the flower are faln, the
head or aced- vetlel eeatie biger, rounder, and longer, containing
ufually fix rows of flat, thin, brown, griftly Seeds Theroots are
fome rounder and bigger than others, fharp.at the upper end, and
in thofe roots that will bear flowers, either forked, or fhewing two
points to put forth two leaves, but in fuch as will not bear, but one :
the bottom is big and round, with a little woolly eminence on the one
fide thereof, from whence the Fibres come forth, on the other
fide in fuch roots as have born flowers , there is.a hollow chanel
where the ftalk grew, which yearly fhifteth from fide to fide, arifing
immediately from that eminence which is in the bottom of every
root, but more in fome than ak Thefe roo:s are. compofed cf
gz
| | FEAR 4 Book I.
feveral thick skins, folded within each other, and covered with a
thin brown Coat , which is every year renewed, and the old
caft off,
And now having done with the general, we will proceed to a more
particular defeription ; and firft of the Precoces,or early flowering Tu-
lips, the varieties whereot are chiefly of two forts or manners , thofe
ot the firft or more common rank, are called Edgers, andareei- —
ther Red, Carnation, Crimfon, or Scarlet, deeper or lighter 5 with
yellow, ftraw-colour, or white edges, or elfe fadder or paler violet,
gtaydeline, or murey-purple, with greater or leffer white edges , of
thefe there are a multitude of diverfities , but moft of them now
little efteemed , we will therefore fet down fome few of the bett ,
and then give you a more plentiful variety of thofe of the other and
better fort ; which although they areof the fame, or like colours
with ‘the former, yet notably differ in manner of marking, thefe
being either ftriped, feathered, garded, or variably marbled, with
twoor more colours in each flower, as by the following defcriprions
isexprefled , bucfirftof the Edgers,
~ Priecoces early flowering Tulips.
Ye Winter Dake, fo called, in refpett it fowereth commonly in
= Winter, that is before che tenth of March, at which time the
pring beginners ithathavery low ftalk,. and beareth a fhort lea-
ved- flower,’ of a deep.ved colour, with large! yellow edges, a round
yellow bottom, and brown Tamis, 0
ae
“General Dwke flowereth later, and isa faiver and better flower; of a
bright red orCherry-colour, with large and well divided yellow edges,
the bottom and Tamis like che former; there are divers forts of Dukes
fome deeper, others paler, but all of them are red, witli yellow edges.
whereof thefe two are efteemed the beft, :
Gentral Brancion is a trong uptight flower, of a bright Scarler-
colour, . with even and well-parted buttet-colour edges, which before
the leaves fall turn white; the bottomof the colour of the edges,
and the Tamis pu ple
Pretty Betty is alfoagood Edger, the flower is of a bright Crim-
fon, with pale butter-coloured edges, which foon turn white ; it
> 8 tea bottoin, of the colour of the edges, and blew
© Dwiches Brancion is @fair large Mower, swith long Feud: pointed
leaves, of a deep shining Scar et-colour, with deep butter-colour
el the bottom large, core and pale yellow, with Tamis of
. $
+ ee
5 Lat Verineisan early flower, and ranked with the beft Balers; ofa
ts <a fine
Chap. Mitel
fine blewith-red colour, with large and well-parted pure white edges, ee
the bottom and Tamis pale yellow, -
Violet Ratgams isa veafonable tall flower, with a woolly-ftalk, and
rp-pointed leaves, of a violet-purple colour, with large Snow-
white edges,. the bottom and Tamis both yellow,
Fiolet de Remow, or purpur life, groweth taller than the laft, with
» afmooth ftalk and fair large flower, of arich violet-purple colour,
with large and well-diyided Snow-white edges , a white bottom and
black Tamis, — :
- Palto van Leydenis fittelt to be the firt of the feathered and vari:
gated kinds, in re{pect of antiquity and colours, which arered and
yellow ; in the younger roots well-placed, feathered, and ftriped,
but commonly the flowers of the old roots are more yellow than red,
and often all yellow, as the bottom and Tamis are, ;
Florifante isa low flower , moft of a pale horf-fleth colour, finely
varigated and marked, withfome crimfon, and at firft pale yellow,
which dfter turns white ; it is’a little apt to run, that is, in one
or two hort days the colours to flubber ,.and run oneinto the other,
which takes away the beauty of the Mower; the bottom and Tamis
are beck blew pon0<:-tats: seschlide teh mes4 ott > |
Religious is a ftrong healthy flower, of a dark-red colour, with
many {mall ftripes of white, but commonly the red hath the maftery,
and if the feafon be hor, will foonrun over the white; the bottom
is pale yellow, with dufty brown Tamis,
‘Blindenburg is a middle fized ower, the cops of the leaves of the
colour of a Peafe-bloffom, and the fides from the middle to the bot-
tom white, with yellow Tamis, |
: “Non fuch petits Jate is of the fize and fafhion of the laft, the flower
is of.a pale-blufh almoft white , pretily marked with many {mall
Ww.
yel -alsa
phe ‘ormpbears is afmall- low flower, carnation, ftriped and marked
aac eet enough white; the bottom and Tamis pale
yellow, as in moft of the early Tulips, .. apa
_ Admiral Crinki isin allthingslike the Corn heart , but more con+
ftantly well marked with white, :
Z General Malfwick is of the fame family with the two laft, of the
fame colours, but muchberter marked than either of the former,
~ Gleremont, in the manner of growing, is like the Religions, the
pes and {pecks, of Oremge-tawny ; the bottom and Tamis pale
0 at
5}
5A
: BY BY ORY A. BooktI
ftalk ftroig , and the flower large, fometimes pretily marked {with
deep carnation and white; the bottom and Tamis both yellow,
Paragon Cleremort in the manner of growing is like the laft, but
much a better flower, mere conftantly marked with white, upon a
bright blewith carnation ; this is more efteemed than the former, by
all that have both kinds, for though the firft be in many hands, this
isnot triely-fo, for it isa trick much ufed by thofe that fell flowers -
about Londen, to add Paragon tothe name ot any common flower
when it comes well marked, and then impofe a treble price,
Adwiral Encufen hatha weak ftalk, and {mall flower, with fharp-
Pointed leaves, tipt with crimfon, and feathered with white; the
bottom white, with pale yellow nails and Tamis,
Morillion Cramofine is anexcellent flower , much more efteemed
than any of the former; it isof fine bright crimfon and pure white,
finely ftriped, {potted and wel] parted, the bottom and Tamis pale
*
yellow. .
The Neble hath the fowers much better marked with crimfon and
white, in bearing of Sets and young roots than in the old, whofe
flowers (though larger) are little marked with white, {carce appearing
tobe the parents to fo beautiful children, the bottomand Tamis are
both pale yellow, :
i 1 ite 3 jf oh . ee Peas chi ardahees! Rete i Beh 5
Aurora, or Grenfeg,is another good flower, of a rich carnation co*
s well*ftriped and marked with white , the bottomand Tamis
pale yellow, —
| The early perfec grows fomething taller, the fower fine crimfon
and white, EBs ST |
Perifhot is a {trong flower, of a fair fhining, blewith-red colour ;
fometimes well marked with greater and leffer ftripes of white
throughout every leaf, bit if the red have the maftery , it will
quickly run all over the ower , the bottom is white, and the Tamis
pale yellow,
Princes, ot la bella Princes is fomething like the laft, but of a __
mote blewilh-red colour, fometimes well ftriped and feathered with
white, the bottom and Tamis pale yellow, ©
Fair Aun is an upright flower, in fhape like the Cleremont, with
round-pointed leaves, marked with great flakes of white, and Claret-
wine colour, the bottom white, with pale yellow Tamis,
The Omen,ot Nuino, asfomecallit, is the laft flower of any of
the Precoces, it hath a Sak upright ftalk, the flower fair, large,
and well formed, of a pale Rofe-colour, with many veins and ne
Anti
Chap.1X. PEOR 2 | :
of crimfon, circling, and garding, great ftripes of white; the bot-
tom and Famis both blew, “which 8 feldom found ina Precox,
The Marques isa flower of {mall beauty, refpedted onely forthe
ftranzenefs of the colours, which in this are fad horfe-fleth, dark
yellow; and fome fmallveins of ted, confufedly placed, the bottom
and Faiiis both yellow, © at Howe
tit a
_Vice- Roy isan old Flower, of a violet purple colour, edged, fea-
thered, and ftriped with white; the bottom’ and Tamis-of a° ith
yellow colours to the name of ‘this flower Paragon is often added,’ as
aa mee > when itis but the fame better marked than
uiual, 3300
Galateais a fine flower, of a bright stedelite; fttipped wich white,
the bottom and Tamis pale yellow. iWGLO |
| -Mariaisalfoa pretty flower, ofa , egredeline, well ftriped and
marked i PONiEe hc Boctchi aoe yellow, ev 2
The Superintendent is now the moft efteemed of all thé early Taé
lips, it rifeth higher. than ordinarily. others do; the flower is fair
and large, excellently marked with violet purple and good whité;the
bottom and Tamis pale yellow, gpm r= Te.
Medias or Middle flowering Tulips.
fe Swifh of Portugal is a tall, large, long-leaved flower, of a
rich Crimfon colour, withfome marks abour the edges of the
leaves of a deep red, ftriped with great gards and lifts of ftraw-
colour through every leaf thereof, with a large round yellow bot-
tom, and ftraw-coloured Tamis, © There are feveral forts of Swifhes,;
but this is the beft, ‘the other are leffer flowers, the colours nor fo
good, nor fo well placed,
Munera isa flowet of amiddle fize, the leaves fharp: inted, of a
bright crimfon colour, finely.fpotted ,and marked with {mall {tripes
and drops of pale yellow ; the bottoni itd Famis ftraw-coloar i
woe ore 3; heretofore of much efteem, hath a flower riot
ie fe Meal veined and ftriped with deep crimfon and pale
yellow ; the bottom and Tamis dark-violet purple,
The Prince of Orange isot agood Orenge-colour, ftriped witlryel-
low, of which colour the bottom and T amis are, kei g2i77 1 astate
General Effex is of the fame colours of the former but the Oren ¢
deter kes paler, and more conftantly well-marked’ d
bottom and Tamis dark-purple, almoft black, i akg
55
56
runs alittle at laft,
FOR A Book I.
Pluto ‘sadarkfullen Flower, of a futty orenge-colour, vatiably
marked with darker, and lighter yellow , afad-greenifh bottom and
blewifh Tamis. 00 used tien} Sonam RS
pe Pali Oudinard is an old Flower, of a fad reddifh-colour fometimes
well marked with brighter red and ftraw-colour:; it is common and
unconftant,and fo little efteemed; the bottom and Tamis both blew,
» Paragon Ondinard Vam. Bole is in allthings like the laft, onely
the colours. are. brighter, more conftantly well placed, and in fome
years will come fo well marked, that few rich Flowers excell ir, the
bottom and Tamis both blew.
, Agot Morine, when it comes wellis a pretty Flower, ofa dark red-
difh-colour, variably marked with {ad 1[abella and ftraw-colour , the
bottom and Tamis dark-purple, —
Agot Robineisa long leaved old Flower, of a fullen reddifh-colour, |
with fome flakes and marks of an over-worn Dove-colour, with a
whitifh bottom and black Tamis, . ee }
7 irae obine par agon, OF Robinet, islike the laft, but much better,
‘of the fame fad-red colour, oftenwell marked wich Dove-colour,
crimfon and white , the bottom and Jamis like che laft,
The white Agot is like the laft , but aleffer Flower, Dove-colour,
well marked with deep red, inclining to murrey and white,. the bot-
tom and Tamis blew, eae oe |
‘Endart, ot Ti siditerts is like the Agot Robine, of a heavy dull-red-.
dih colour, the leaves edged with at moaky Dove-colour, and fome-
timesa little marked with white, the bottom and Tamis black,
Fa(par Tudart, is a larger Flower, of a brighter red than the lift,
{dine Dove-colout and much white ; bottom and Tamis black, .
‘Royal Tudart,or the Lady Wottons Tudart , is better than either of
the two former, the Blower is of a fad red colour, whipt about the
edges with crimfon, and ftripped with pale yellow, the bottom and
Tamis black. |
Harvy is a large variable Flower, but fometimes it will be of a
dark-purplifh red colour, with great flames of deep fhining crimfon,
and {mall ftripes of white, the bottom and Tamis dark purple,
Admiral Vander Pool is of a dark red, inclining to liver-colour,
feathered and marked with pale yellow , which one hot day turns
white, the bottom and Tamis white; this is a pretty Flower, but
Morillon
t OS ie
Chap. 1X. PEL WR A.
» Morillion nacarat is an old Flower , of a light Scarlet-colout and
-milk-white, fometimes well marked, ‘but the leaves are hollow, and
at laft runs ; the bottom blew with black Tamis,
_.. Cardinal Flambiant is of apale Scaret-colour , well marked With
whites. the Flower is fhort and handfom, bottom and Tamis blew.
Prince Cardinal is a large long-leaved Flower, well marked with
fleth-colour,crimfon anid white ; ‘the bottom aid Tamis blew; —
Muriliion de Anvers, .isan ordinary low Flower, pale (carlet, mar-
ked with pale yellow, and runs at laft,
Orient Virgin is a good Flower, pale ftarlet; and pure white, well
divided in {mall marks and ftripes,the bottom and tamis both blew,
General Gowdais.a large Flower, of abright crimfon colour, fome-
times well marked with white , but commonly the red hath the ma-
ftery ; befides the bottom and Tamis are both pale yellow,
Triumphans is a {maller Flower than the laft, the ftalk weak, the
colours good aeimnion and white, but very unconftant ; the bottom
and Tams blew, - SOG ie Sots, sh
Envy is a'good Flower, of an excellent crimfon colour, well mar
ked with good white, efpecially on the infide the leaves s the bor- —
tom and Tamis both blew,
_- Bew Tarnier bath a Bidwerii.fathioudiieshe laft, the colotirs are
gredeline, crimfon and white, but ery unconftant , and often little
or no white,
Bel la Bar is anold Glowet like the laft, of the fame colours, bap
more conftantly marked with white,
Bel Breire hatha weak ftalk and {mall Flower, oF a good crimnCott
colour, guarded and ftriped with pale yellow, which one hot be
turns white ; the bottom and Tamis pale yellow,
“Bel Bruneis a fait Posies, of a. dark-brown’ crimafon kia, > well:
marked, feathered and ftriped with ae the bottom pale yellow,
with large dufty-brown Tamiss olf
The Cardinal is alow Flower, of a ae. dark red colour, fome-
times feathered. with vvhite, and ofter all red ; fome of them‘are
reétified,and come much better marked; the bottom and Tamis blew,
Vefta hath a Flower round and handfome, of a deep-(hining crim
fon colour, variably {pread with white, but if thered have t € t-
—_— it foonrunnethover the white; the bottom and Tamis ble
_K
“Royal
és
“58
~ Tamis blew,
FLORA Book 1
Royal Vefta, or Nowparel, is a better and more conftant flower than
_the laft; the colours are carnation,crimfon and white: when the flower
marks well, the bottom is white and the Tamis blew, »
5 Mazarine bath long, narrow, fharp-pointed leaves, *of a pale ctim-
fon colour, marked with deeper red and white, but unconftant ; the
bortom blew and the Tamis black.
Sattine, General Richard, or Emperor, isall one old flower, witha
tall upright ftalk and fhort leaves, of a pale carnation colour, flaked
and marked with white, alittle apt to run; the bottom and Tamis
yellow, 3 |
~ Morillion de Argiers is an ordinary Flowet, of a blewith-red colour,
marked fomething like the: laft with white; the bottom and Tamis
pale yellow,
The Pearl is an old Flower, of a bright carnation colour, marked
and ftriped with more and lefs white 5, the Jeaves: of the. Flower
twine and ftand different from others; the bottom and Tamis pale
Yelm Minb ols 1s ane | asia
~ Bien Venu is like the laft in the fathion of the Flower, but much
better, it is of a pale carnation colour, ftriped and variably marked
with white, the tops of the leaves pale fleth-colour ; bottom and
é co - ” Sais a
OS NT POR ees:
Admiral Cataline is an old Flower, of a bright carnation : fome
crimfon,and conftantly well marked with white 5. the bottom white,
and Tamis pale yellow, ls Sore
Sufanna isa delightful Flower,of a comely form,the colours bright
carnations and Snow-whice, from the firft opening , well parted and
divided , thebottom white with pale greenifh Tamis, Thofe of
this kind which reétifie and have moft white , are called Aftreas;
others the Virgin of Am/Perdam, SS SS
* The Pelican, when itcomes right, is a prety Flower, of a good
carnation colour, marked thick with fmaller and bigger ftripes of
whice ;..the bottom and Tamisof agreenith dark blew colour,
ae gai ele:
Bellineis a {mall weak ftalked Flower, of a blewith carnation co~
lour, alittle marked with white; the bottom and Tamis blew,
= Pals: Belline chiefly differeth from the Iaft in the colours of the
‘lower... chofe of this being carnation, fome gredeline and much:
white, well placed and parted ; the bottom and Tamis both blew,
General Zweman is a Sais Flower, bright carnation gredeline and
White, variably paces, and paned on the tops of theleaves; the
bottom white and Tamis blew, Camufetta,
Chapd x. FLOR A.
- Camufetta is a fait large Flower, apt to be known by the green
leaves, which are large and full of whitith fpots,; the Flower hath
large broad leaves, well veined ftriped and marked , efpecially on the
infides, with carnation, fome gredeline, and much white; the bor-
tom, by the'well marking of the Flower is commonly white, and the
Tamisaew. .
Faragon Francoife is ahandf{ome flower; of a good deep carnati-
on-colour, well marked with long ftripes of white , the bottom and
Tamis.blew,. =. ee he aie
~~ Admiral of France is \ike the laft, in colour and manner of mark-
ing, but the leavesot this twine, and do not ftand round as thofe of
other Flowers, the bottom and Tamis blew, sd
Benedictine is a pretty flower of a bright carnation colour ,. well
marked with white ; the bottom and Tamis dark-purple. |
ips TOSGASE -OG lots BE TLINE Fb 54h Be te pdt <a ap inetdek ft dae
Paragon Blackburn Vath a tall ftalk , and fair Flower with
broad leaves, yet fharp-pointed , of light carnation-colour, with
fome marks of deeper red, flamed and ftriped with white, the bottom
and Tamis blew. This wasraifed by Mr. Humphry Blackburn, late
keeper of the Garden at York-houfe in the Strand, from thé feeds of
the Pafs Oudinard, as he told me when he gave me the root.
Paragon de Gildon is a good Flower, of .a fine carnation-colour, —
deep crimfon and pure white, well placed and broken; the bottom
and Tamis blew.
Dantile de Flure is of a pale Rofe-colour , prettily laced, marked
and {potted withwhite; the bottom and Tamis pale yellow ; this is
a pleafant Flower, but runs a little at aft, . s
Pafs Roffe is a fine round Flower, variably marked upon pale Rofe-
colour , with crimfonand fome veins.ot ftraw-colour, refembling
a well watered Tabby , the bortom and Tamis pale yellow, ©
Rofillionte isa large Flower, Rofe-colour , variably {potted and
ftriped with white; which commonly hath the maftery ; the bottom
and Tamis blew, ~~ 33 eo
Holofernes, or Golia, isa very tall Flower , marked all over with
fhaddows of Rofe-colour and pale yellow ; the bottom and Tamis
yellow; now of little efteem,. a
Turbaa is a large round hollow-leaved Flower, often with eight or
more leaves, of a reddith Peach-colour,flamed up the middle and fides
-withcrimfon; the bottom blew with dark brown Tamis, ee
59
60 |
FLOR A. Book I
the Chimney- Sweeper is 4 low fhort-leaved round flower,> of a
blackith dark red colour, with a large round whitifh bottom, and pale
yellow Tamis ; fome of thefe will happen tobe ftriped with more or
tes white, and then called the ftriped Chimney-Sweeper , andas they
mark fo valued, © .
Admiral Heart isa handfome flower, of a good carnation colour,
deep crimfon, and good white; the bottom blew with black Tamis,
Zeablom is of divers forts , the moft ordinary is of a fad blewith
ted colour, fometimes a little marked with white, very unconftant
andaptto run, as moft of che Zeabloms are ; the bottom and Tamis
, 1 3 ’ , f
fad, purp €
Royal Zeablom,or Coning, is at-firft opening a fine flower, ftriped
and veined through every leaf thereof with blewith carnation, grede-
line and white, but if the feafon be hot , it willrun and be flubbered
allover; the bo:tom and Tamis both blew,
_Cedanellais of near affinity with thelaft,but mucha better flower,
of a good blewith carnation-colour, well marked and variegated with
crimfon, fome gredeline, and good white ; of this there are two ot
three forts, but the’beft hath more white, and is not apt torun as the
other are,” the bottom and T amis blew,and called Cedanella de Bard.
le Bole is a fine Hower , of a bright carnation-colour, finely
2g0 ed and {triped with gredeline and white, the bottom and Tamis
b cw, ; . es
"Altes Royalis fometimes a pretty Hower, of a deep blewith red co
four, marked with fome light crimfon and white, but when the red
hath the maftery, ic will quickly run over the other colours ; the bot-
tom and Tamis are dark blew, !
3 Zweman F ohn Garet,or Chamolet, is anold flower, of a deep Peach-
colour, chamleted, and ftriped with red and white ; the bottom blew
and the Tamis purple,
Paragon Lifgin is an ordinary flower , alittle marbled and ftriped
about the edges with 1/abella-colour , and pale yellow , and fome-
times overall the flower ; it hath a greenith dark bottom and fad
blew Tamis, | .
The Parot is of feveral forts, fome all green, unlefs a little whitith
towards the fides of the leaves. others have the leaves half folded,
greenin the middle, and the fides almoft white ; buc there is one
noble kind hereof, which for its excellency is called :
_ The Rich Part, this groweth tall and ftrong, the green leaves rent
: ; a in
Chap. 1X. ELOR A
inthe fides, the flower large , and formed fomething like the laf,
onely it hath {purs on the fides of the leaves, which ate of dark brown
colour, and lighter by degrees to the middle, which is of awhittith
green colour, very ftrange in fathion and colours frém all orhers ; the
: rie and’ Tamis of all the Parots are of a pale greenith yellow
colour, |
Agot Rumpardisafine flower, of aheavy fad r/xbelle-colout, with
fome marks of rich crimfon, and great fttipes ‘of yellow, :a dark
bottom, with large black Tamis,. , cogs
Axil Gekeite isa low flower;with long narrow hharp-pointed leaves;
of a colour betwixt horfe-flefh and 1/abella,a little ftriped with white:
the bottom blew, with large purple Tamis, ~
Star de Mans isa fall flower ; with lohe and very farrow-fharp+
pointed ates at au opening twifted at. the ends, which aftet
open and {pread flat like a ftar, with fix points, of areddith 1/abel/a-
colour, ftriped towards the bottom with whit df’ dhe bottom ia T a
mis both pale yellow, rae | La
Marveliade Quacle is of a pale 1fabella-colonr , with many red
{pots ftanding together on the infide of the leaves, like unto a {prig
of Barberies, and fometimes alittle ftriped with white ; the bottom
and Tamis dark blew, .
The Pre fident is around Globe-formed flower; marked With pur-
plith red, lighter and fadder yellow ; the bottom and Tamis violet.
_ Nofte,or the Royal-Shuttle-maker,is worthy efteem , the leaves of
the flower are fharp-pointed and a little twine, finely marked with
" bright fleth-colour,deep fearlet and pale yellow; the bottom and Ta-
mis black , this ufually puts forth a bulb or yourig root betwixt the.
~
ftalk and lower leaf, whereby it is aptly increafed,
La perfeit, ot Turdif rectified, is a pretty low flower, of 4 pleat
fant carnation , well marked with white; ‘the bottom and Famis
dark blew.
_Pompexa is a fair large flower, conftantly well marked with fine
light carnation and pure white ; the bottom and Tams blew,
“Eminentisime is at firft a fine flower ; with long tharp-pointed
leaves, well {triped with Peach-colour,carnation and white ;_ the bot-
tom and Tamis dark purple,
The Eagle isa fair flower,Peach-colour, pale gredeline, fome deep
crimfon and pure white ; bottom and Tamis purple, :
_Rickts fie dgaisa beatal owe, ped agoted and vation
6
62
: &
FLO R A. “Book I.
marked with Rofe-colour, deep crimfon and fine white ; the bottom
and ‘Tamis purple, + s
Agot oriental isa good flower , finely marked with Rofe-colour,
gredeline, fome crimfon and white ;_ the bottom and Tamis purple,
Paragon Florifonis a good flower, the leaves fharp- pointed, vari-
ably. veined, ftriped.and marked with Biebele, Peas and milk
white; the bottom blew and Tamis dark violet purple.
Morillion Curtis isa large ftrong thriving flower, moft of a carna-
tion-colour, a little crimfon about the Edges’, and well feathered
with white ; the bottom and Tamis pale yellow,
Gsdmiral de Mans is an old flower, of a deep red, ftriped with
white, but flubbered ang not well parted, befides it is apt torun, and
the bottom and Tamis yellow, - |
_ Facobeareézifiedis in colours like the Jaft, but mucha better flow-
er, commonly marked up the middle of the leaves, with a great
feathered ftripe of deep red, the reft white ; the bottom and Ta-
mis yellowsen% —-.-1 ce — =
Recbacacon de Coffaislike the laft, but a better flower, well ftriped and
marked with the fame deep red colour and good white, the bottom
and Tamis yellow, ee
General of Holland isanold flower, of a deep blewith red colour,
— creat marks and {mall ftripes of white ; the bottom and Tamis
blew. : ; |
La Towers is a weak-ftalked flower, which when it comes well
hath one or two large broaken ftripes, of a blewith red colour,through
the middle of every leaf, the reft white , the bottom blew and the
Tamis black,
: ; Bel Pallasof Paris isabetter flower than the ordinary Pallas, it
is commonly well marked, and ftriped upon a blewifh red, with fome
crimfon and more white; the bottom and Tamis blew,
Pafs bel Tew, ot numero une, isan old flower, agotted and marbled
with gredeline and white, but unconftant ; the bottom and Tamisof
a dark blew, dufted with yellow. sa
Marbre Fafper is like the laft, but a fairer and more conftant flower,
of abrighter gredeline, agotted'and marbled upon white , the bot-
toin blew, with brown dufty Tamis, wie
Agot Poit vin, ot Pafs Cittadell, is an old flower, with nar-
row tharp-pointed leaves, of a pale gredeline and murrey purple,
te ee {ome-
tan
Chap. 1X. ELOR 4
foretimes agatted, veined ahd marked with white ; thé bottom
and T amis blew, © ~
White pals Cittadel is it all thitigs like ‘the lat 5 but that the white
hath the maftery, and therefore more efteemed than the former:
Dorileis a hanfome hower,of a blewith bright carnation, varied and
ftriped with good white , the bottom blew, andthe Tamis purple,
Carthago-is fomeching ike the laft, but much a better dowery of
the famebright blewith carnation colour, and more conftantly well
ftriped, and marked with white, the bottom and Tamis blew,
Didnais of feveral forts; the belt we call La bella Diana, whith is
a good flower; of a bright blewifh carnation, varied ftriped, and well
matked with deep red and pure white, throughout every leaf theres
of, witha blew bottom and purple Tamis, :
12 26 3 4H SONGS BS AIG) Sis ad Bid .
Dipute Doria isa kind of Diana; the flowerislike the Dorile, bit
commonly better marked and ftriped with {mall lines of deep red
and {now white, the bottom and Famis like thofe of the Dianay
Dianeais a flower of my own raifing froth the feeds of the Diana,
from which it differs in that the leaves are edged and finely whipped
about,- witha deep brown purple, ‘and feathered in the middle with
the fame colour upon {now white; the “Tamis dark blew, L os
General Doctor Bolefonvaw Bole is a fine flower, of a blewith bright
carnation, -purled about the edges, well ftriped and marked with
ctimfon and pure white y which commonly hath the maftery , the
bottom blew, with {mall black Tamis. 48.5) @ 4 03500
Ottersorcothode Mans, is atalllargeold fower, often containing
eight-or more leaves, of a dull heavy purple colour, lifted apithe
fides, ‘and fometimes téathered through the leaves with white; the
bottom and.T amis yéllow. Li siete EGO AG hte
-- Browié purpur Cataling is ike thelattin the fathion of che flower.
but of'a better brown parple colour, feathered and {trig up the fides
and middle of the leavés with large lifts of white; che boteom and
‘Tamis purple, — BF ci
:. Seeger er tf
oPafs Heron, or Grand parpur dé Book, isan old flower, with three
leaves ftanding up likea Heras top, and three turning down, of a ful-
len, yet fhining purple colour, with many fimall lines of milk white ;
the bottom aad Famis pale yellow. . plik ai 2 ss
Violetta is one of the firft blownof the Medias, it is of a violet
purplecolour, fometimes well marked with white ; the bottomand
- ab
63
64
FLORA. Book I.
The Flanders Widow is acommon flower, of a fad purple colour,
and marked towards the bottom with a fadder purple and fome
white; the bottom of this and all the other Widows is {mall and
of agreenifh blew colour, with purple Tamis.
The good Widows inall things like the laft, but more and better
marked with white, |
The Fair Widow differeth from the laft, in that the flower is fhor-
ter, more and better ftriped and marked with two fad purples and
white, |
Prince{s Royal came from the Flanders Widow, and differs onely
rom it, inthatthe leaves of the fad purple flower are. lifted about:
the fides with white, :
The white Widow is of the fame fafhion and colour with the other
Widows, but commonly ftriped and marked with more white, _
Deeffe; or (as we callit) the Prince of Wales, is of the family of the
Widows, and formerly efteemed ; of this we have two forts, the beft
is of a good deep purple, well ftriped and feathered through every leaf
thereot with white; the other is a leffer flower, the leaves narrow
and fharp-pointed , not fo well marked asthe other, the bottoms
and Tamis of bothlike thofeof the Widows,
| Prince{s Turgianais the beft of all the generation of Widows, the
flower hath thin leaves, well marked with two purples, and much
white, which commonly hath the maftery ; the bottom and Tamis
like thofe of the Widows, ,
Arianais of my own ramp rom the feeds of the Sturgiana, from
which it differs, in that the leaves are thicker, purer white from the
firft opening, and very well marked with bigger and leffer broken
ftripes, and drops of bright crimfon ; the Tamis purple.
Rundelo, Angelica, or Paragon Bembrig, is a large long-leaved
flower, ofa deep reddith purple colour, flaked and marked with white;
the bottom and Tamis of a dark purple colour,
Brown Anversis a fair well-formed flower , of a fad reddifh brown
purple colour, ftriped and marked with fome lighter purple, and
more or lefswhite ; the bottom blew with dark purple Tamis,
~ Bew Anuers is like the latt , onely the colours are brighter, and
a flower commonly better marked ; in bottom and Tamis like the
ormer, : :
General Anvers, Ot Brown Duke of Brabant, is like the laft, but
3 i better
~
Chap. 1X. FLORA
better marked witha brown and lighter purple, and often well ftri-
ped with white; the bottom and Tamis as ia chofe of the two
other, e 3
General Bole is a good flower, of tieet affinity with the Browe An-
' wers;: the Flower is agoted, hte and variably marked with a darker
_ and lighter reddifh phe and w
ite, with a blew bottom and purple
Tamis; itis atender Flower, arid theroot apt- to perith ia ahot or
over-dunged foil; of this there are two or three forts, but the beft
rd
is that called Gemeral Bol Talbon:
oP See Feron,or Feronimus Royal, is a good Flower, ftriped and
marked with thades of purple and good white; the bottom and Ta-
mis dark blew,
Adoratea de Holland, ot aS it is villgarly éalled the Dorothy of Hol-
land, 1s good Flower, of a deep brown purple colour; finely whipt
about the edges, and well supe’ and marked: witha redder and its
ter purple and pure white, the bottom and Tamis purple; of this
there are two forts, but the beft is called the Worth Dorothea, ,
Carolus is an excellent Flower, elegantly marked and ftriped
with thades of murrey, purple, and pure white, through every leaf
thereof; the bottom blew, and the Tamis purple,
Pals Zeablom of Pari isthebeft of allthe Zeabloms, the Flower
is fair, of a deep purple-colour very well marked with white; the
bottom blew with dark purple Tamis,
Veluerte, Ularte, ot the Velvit Tulip, isa good flower, of a deep
dark velvet purple-colour, marked with fome lighter purple and
white ftripes, efpecially in the tops of the leaves; the bottom and
Tamis black, =~ _ , ,
Brown Parpur de Murrey, asit is commonly called, is an excellent
‘fair Flower , of a rich pas brown purple-colour and pure white,
marked with great ftripes up t
blew with purple Tamis,
Agot Hanmer is a beautiful Flower, of three good colours, pale
gredeline, deep fcarlet,and pure white, commonly well parted, ftri-
ped, agoted, arid excellently placed, abiding conftant to the laft with
e middle of the leaves; the bottom
the bottom and Tamis blew, This gallant Tulip hath its name front
that ingenious lover of thefe rarities, Sir Thowas Hanmer, who firft
brought it into Exgland, from whole free community, my felf and
others partake the delight of this noble Flower,
Agot {an Denee, or Argus, isof the fame colours with the laft,
and like it in the mannet of marking; the chiefeft difference is, thar
the leaves of this are peek ert plainer, and not fo broad a
65
66
- ral purp
Wd a Rf Book I.
hollow as thole of Age!-Hanmer , the gredeline more purple, and
the fcarlet paler , the bottomand Tamis of this are blew like the
former,
Braba {o isof feveral forts, and all of them fine Flowers, of feve-
e colours; the moft common is the petit Brabafon, the
Flower being {imall but well marked with two purples and white, the
reft being all very good Flowers, and known by feveral names , as
Brabafon pore, Brabafon Hugon, Brabrafon Adrian, Brabafon Puke,and
Brabajon Swallins , all of them of feveral purples and white,notably
differing from each other in colours and manner of marking, =
“There are other good Flowers, whofecolours are of feveral pur-
ples and white, as Hifpaniolet, Agot de Gorter, Arch- Duke Imperial,
Le Arch de Auckre, Amphitrio, Arminante, Confiergi, and Althea,
thefemore notably differ from each other in the work or fafhion of |
marking than the Brabafoms, as_wellas in lighter and deeper, redder,
or blewe: purples, they are all fine Flowers, and fome of them
very rare,
There are alfo fome other good Flowers that are crimfon and
white, as Atlas, Sigi{mond, and Paragon Alette, others carnation
white, asUnickla Croy, Facobine, and Fingtte , allexcellent
Flowers, with many more, which to enumerate would fill a confider-
able volum, =
Befides thefe, there are many pretty new flowers which arife from
good {elf-colours , which the Frenc call Bizars , and we French
Modes , of thefe I will give you the knowledge of a dozen fine forts ,
and fo conclude the middle-Flowering Tulips,
Tremontane is flefh-colour,pale yellow, and ZfabeHa,; bottom and —
Tamis pale yellow, :
_ Proteus is a pretty {mall Flower, well marked with deeper and
lige crimfon and pale.yellow ; a dark bottom and violet purple
amis,
Amidore is a fine Mode, pale yellow, well marked with dark cin-
-namon-colour; the Tamis purple,
Brown George is a large round Flower, thick ftriped and powdered
ee and brighter cinnamon-colour, upon pale yellow, with
ack Tamis,
Agot picot is a large Flower, well marked with pale Xo/e-colour,
fome crimfon and white ; the bottom and Tamis blew,
Aurora is of the colour fo called, and pale yellow, with brown
Tamis, eee
c/ ytus
Chap IX FLORA
Clytus is a fine Flower, of a dark yellow colour, finely marked
with fimall lines of hair-colour and dark crimfon, with violet purple
amis, |
Agot Bizar is deep Oren ¢, light flefh-colour, and pale yellow, with
2 greenifh bottom and black Tamis. ; 3
Rich Portugal is buta fmall Flower, but finely marked wich {mall
lines of cinnamon-colour,and pale ftraw-colour, with a dark bottom
and black Tamis, |
Memorables hatha long-leaved Flower of the colour of pale tan-
ned leather, prettily marked with fad purple, and bright yellow, with
parple Tamis,
_ Proferpine hath the tops of the leaves of the colour of the laft,
yellow towards the fides, marked and whipt about with very brown
dark purple; the bottom yellowifh, and the Tamis purple.
The Curle differs from all others in the form of the Flower, fof
this hath the leaves thick and curioufly plaited, and curled about the
edges ;_ the colour is dark yellow, Gitiele marked all over with {mall
lines of fad red orliver-colour, the bottom and Tamis violet purple.
Tulipa Serotina, The late flowering Tulip.
Ato Madam, the yellow Crown, or as fome call it the Crown of
.. France, isnowa common Flower , of a good full red colour,
marked and crowned on the tops of the leaves, with gold yellow 5
of this there is an inferior kind , whofe Flower is more yellow than
red, and therefore many ignorantly call it the fools Coat , the bot-
tom and Tamis of both thefe are yellow, =
: ‘Prince dela More isa fine Flower, as rare as the other is common,
well marked witha deeper and lighter cinnamon-colour and pale yel-
low, witha blew bottom and black Tamis,
The Serotine Zeablom is a weak-ftalked low Flower , of a deep red
colour; feathered and marked with fome gredeline, and at firft ee
yellow, which after turns white ; the bottom and Tamis dark blew,
Grefeundis alow {mall Flower, of a dark red colour, ftriped and
feathered with pale-yellow ; the bottom of adark greenith colour,
and the Tamis almoft black,
6p Star.of Venus hathalarger Flower, of a good carnation-colonr,
the bottom and Tamis both blew,
marked and’ veined with.pale yellow at firft, which after turns white; :
its at
__ Paragon
67
68
FLOR 4. Book L
_ Paragon Mullen is bright carnation, and fometimes well ftriped
with white; the bottom and Tamis blew. |
Agot Romane is an old flower, moft pale Rofe-colour , fometimes
well marked about the edges with crimfon, and ftriped with whites
the bottom and Tamis blew, |
_ Marbre Harlus is an ordinary flower , moft flefh-colour , marked
with rfabea, and fometimes a little white ; the bottom and Ta-
mis dark Diew. ce ™ on ASG
~ Bug encbrisis a large ftrong flower, of a dark deep red colour, like that
called de Roy, with fmall veins of Peach-colour, a {mall pale yellow
bottom , and dark brown Tamis, !
Allthefe Tulips, and many others may be had of Mr, Rickets of }
Hogefden neat London, |
Thefe beautiful flowers (warmed by the Raies of the returning
Sun) difclofe their bravery, to faluce the firft approaches of the wel-
come Spring, the Precoces flowering from the beginning of arch,
untilfa good part of April be fpent , at which time the Medias begin
to difplay their noble colours, and about the end of that moneth,
or the beginning of May, arein the height of glory, and when paft,
_ the Serotinas fucceed , and commonly continue the greateft part of
e \ that month, St Sees ret PUR Rh kd 3 a
° The roots.of all Tulips lofe their Fibres‘every year , and are tobe
taken up as foon as the ftalksare dry, which is commonly about asid-
fomer,and kept dry out of the ground untill the time of fetting them,
which in cold grounds is about the end of September , andin hot and
more fertil grounds october:
_ The more common and ordinary kinds may be fet inborders, or
fpaces in knots, according tothe fancy of the ownei; but for the
ticher and more noble forts, they will deferve to be lodged in parti-
cular beds by themfelves, «provided for that purpofe, after the man-
ner hereafter direéted, |
- When the root§ are ready tobe taken up, make choice of a fair
ealmday, and in ftiff or hard grounds, along:hollow Trowel.will be
Mie Shas but in the beft light ground , . ouay-bedame
As the feveral flowers are taken up, lay them on papers, where- -
onthe names are written, and placethem open upon fome boarded
flote, where they muft fo remain to dry about twenty days; then
take away the dead Fibres.and loofe outer skins, and fuch off-fets or
young roots as willeafily part from the old; which done, it will be.
necel ary to wrap up your beft roots efpecially, in frefh well dried pa-
: . — pers,
e
Chap. IX. FLOR 4 |
pers, and on the out fides to write the name of each flower » Which
may be kept with their off-fets wich them, untill the middle of Ag-
uff, atwhich time the off-fets mutt be Set ina good bed prepared
or that purpofe ; the old bearing roots left in the papers untill the
time fore-mentioned for planting them,
After your roots are fecured in Boxes, it will be very neceffary
often to look them ever, left any fhould be mouldy, a8 ic often hap-
neth, which muft be gently wiped off witha woollen cloath ; the
root dried before the fire; and fo put upagain intoafreth paper,
The roots thus carefully difpofed, it will be time to prepare a place
to plant them, which for the beft bearing roots isabed or beds, ac-
cording to your ftore, a yard broad, and in length according
to your ground, bordered with rails> and filled two foot deep ,
with thelighteft, fretheft; and fineft fifted éarth that can be gotten,
Thefe beds will contain fix roots in every row crofs the bed » which
with a line may be exaétly divided, and the roots placed accordingly,
but before they are fet, the number of roots ineach fort mnuft be
confidered, and the pofition of each particular defigned in 4 paper,
according to this example, 5535 ‘
a a am
‘Nori Dore-\ Paragos Agar Eminens |
thea. | Florifon. | Haumer. | tiftime, | Proteus.
16 Able Bella: Di-| Brabafon | Grand purpur’ General , \, fee
2 ana, Swalns.. \de «Murrey. Bole: Agot P. fenlte ive
Pals Zeablom ; A got
Bp dake isT =} He) Pompeza. San Deny. : (arolus.. \ Amidore.
j . i f mf
| General \~ Paragow |}. got
bpp Bolfon: | Jeron.\} . Ontental.
pores
Rich Parrot. Pr [expine, |
—s —F 4
» Pelwerte; *
3 Arias bt brea h-Agot Biz. ‘
|b eA viata, Hugon, fires Agot Bixar
cin: sac eal The Eagle. re arthago. Prefident ent. | Claus.
a 8d hag : : erieohe
whereby reckoning the numbers, the flowers may be fer, and after
per taken up and difpefed.as before is expreffed_ In placing thefe:
roots, fome fe the falcettcolous towards the fides, and the lighteft
inthe middle, bata haafome mixtureds belt, not fetting too many
dark or light colours together 5. though diferent from each other i
nor co\mingle the Praceces'with the Medjas,but placing each fort ina
particulas bed, whenthele noble Tulips begin to rife up to flower, it
is very neceflary to.cover.the bed witha Canyas tilt (fapported with
knows. before and after their time of bearing , and fo by the ame :
a frame, and raifed like a Hexfe that it touch not the flowers)ef} pecially
in oa night to prevent Frofts, which often curdle the buds, and quite’
{poil the beauty of the flowers, befides it defends them from hail and
great rains',’ as alfo fromthe feortching heat of the cua
Sed, ~ caule
te
b9.
79
FLOR SH Book I
caufe them to continue long in ower, This tilt or canvas covering —
may be taken off before the time of flowering in fair days, and to’
retrefh them with fome gentle fhowers,but kept covered in the nights.
and when fully blown, give them not above an hours Sun in the mor-
ning and as much in the evening, if the feafon be hor, ocherwife they
will endure more,
As for the more ordinary forts of Tulips that are fet in borders, or
fpaces in knots,and no account kept of them, fuch, if the ground be
good when they are fet, may ftand two years without taking up, but
not longer, in refpeét the off-fets that rifefrom them, will caufe
thie Aowers to be {mall and weak , and all the nourifhment proper
tothis Planeexhaufted, fo that before they are fet again in the fame
place, the earth muft be changed for that whichis frefh,
After the flowers are faln, break off the head or feed-veffel from
the ftalk of every flower, unlefs of fuch you referve for feed, which
will caufe them to dry down the fooner, and alfo fortifie the roots,
Although the roots of Tudips are for the moft part hardy, and of
long continuance, yet femetimes fome of the beft kinds will be in-
fected with difeafes, notwithftanding our greateft diligence and care
in their prefervation , which hapheth to the roots of fome,
whilft out of ground, and to others after they arefer, For the firft,
in obferving the root of any good flower, if it appear rivelled or
crumpled on the outfide , and feel fott and f{pungy, it is a manifeft
figngf aconfumption, which to prevent , wrap it up in Wooll dip-
ped in Sallet Oyl, and place it where it may receive fome little
warmth from the fire; and abouts theend of Auguff feritin the
ground, putting fome foo: made by awood-fire, mixed with fand,
about it, covering the place witha pot, the.bottom turned upward,
to keep ic from wet, until the fibres arecome forth, which will be
by theend of September or not atall. . With fuch roots thus handled
it often happeneth, that though fome of the outer folds rot and con-
fume, yet the middle and heart will remain found, and in two or three
years bear 2 flower again,
Now for fuch defedts as happen to thefe roots after they are fer,
__and’put forth greemleaves it any of them begin to fade and wither, ,
open the earth to che bottom of the root to find the caufe, and if the
rootbe moift, and feel foft, itis paft help but if any thing hard, ie
may be recovered by putting foot and dry fand to the root , and co-
vering it, asin thetormer, leaving the place fomething open that ic
may dry down the fooner : In hot days take off the pot, and take
up the root as foon as the fibres are gone, and keep it in Wooll wee
in Oyl near the fire; laft fet ic again after the manner of the former,
by this means many good flowers have been faved , which neglected
had been undoubtedly loft, «.
. And as we induftrioufly endeavor to recover fach fickly roots of
choice
Chap.LX. FLOR 4A 7
choice fowers, fo purpofely we infectothers more vulgar with fick:
anefs, by taking up theroots a little before they come to flower, and
laying them in the Sun, to abate their luxury, and caufe them to
come berter marked the year following ;. this I have often done with
ftrong and lufty roots of the Pafs Owdimard, Pafs Cittadel, Pals Hes
ron, Agot Robine, Turloone, Widows, and fuch like ordinary flowers,
and commonly found the fuccefs anfwer my expectation in many,and
fome of rlrem to come fo well marked, that they might be Sper
for much better flowers than theyare, efpecially if a new name be
put upon them, .as fome flower-merchants about Lendomufe todo,
_ The next thing to be confidered , is the manner of raifing new
varieties, a practice fit for the belt Florifls , and this is effected
chiefly , by fowing the feeds of fome choice flowers , 2s alfo by
the changing of off-fets, and the fecret working of nature upon
divers felt-colours,
- For feeds, youmatt be fure to make choice of fuch flowers as have
ftrong ftalks, and the feed-veffel chree {quare, of fuch kinds as are
moft conftantly well marked, and fuch as have che bortoms and Ta-
mis, either blew or purple, which is rarely tobe found in the Pra-
coces, whofe bottoms are commonly white or yellow; yet cthereis
one excellent kind before deferibed by the name of the Omen, that
aptly marketh with three colours, and hath the bottom and Tamis
both blew, from the feeds whereof doubtlefs many fine varieties
may beraifed ; next unto this the Florizamte , Morillion Cramofine,
Perifhot, Admiral Encufen, and the reft of the well-marked Prececes
arenot without hope; but from the Vice- Roy , and thevarieties of
Edgers, few better than the originals are to be expected,
The Medias,or middle flowering Tulips, afford many more excel-
lent varieties fit for this purpofe, as the Adoratea of Helland, Car:
thago, Paragon ferow, Doctor Bolfon, le ie Florifon, Royal Tudart,
Orient Virgin, Diana, Angelica, Cedanellas Prince[s Turgiana, all
the Brabafons, bew Anvers, and divers others : - All thefe named
being well-marked flowers,of different colours , with blew or purple
bottoms and Tamis, not apt to run, butabiding conftant to the
laft ; and therefore all flowers of hope,. andfuch as few lovers and
collectors of flowers are without. 7
Commonly we make choice of {uch we intend for feed, when they
are in flower,but in fo doing we often fail of our purpofe, for that the
roots lofe their fibres, and the ftalks dry before the feed s come tobe
half ripe; to prevent which, make choice of the ftrongeft roots you
have, of fuch flowers youdefire to feed , and fet them in that patt
of your Garden moft expofed to the Sun, fix orfeven inches in the
ground ;_ by which means you may gain good ripe feeds, from almoft
any flower, as] have found by experience,
_- About the middle of Fuly,, fooner.or later, as the Summer. is
72
FLOR A Book I.
hotter or colder, the feeds will be ready to gather, which may be
known by the drynefs of the ftalks, and the opening of the feed-
veffels, which gather,and take up the roots, letting the feeds remain
inthe pods until the end. of September, and thentake them out ,
which being cleanfed from chaff, may be fowed in beds of fine fifted
earth, efpecially the more ordinary forts; but thofe of the choiceft
flowers, muft be fowed in Boxes filled with the fineft earth that can —
be gotten, in refpect the young roots are apt torun down deep in
the earth, fo that in beds many of them will be loft: Sow not thefe
feeds too thick,nor cover them more than a finger thick, in March
following they will come up with fmall leaves like grafs, andin April
weed ; and gently water them, as often as you thall find occafion,
About Mid{ummer, two years after the fowing , you may take them
up, cleanfe the {mall roots, and fet them again in rows at a wider di-
ftance, and foevery other year until they come to bear flowers, ftill
altering the ground with frefh earth and fitted compoft before you
fet them again ; it will be fix or feven years before the Precoces will
bear flowers , but the Medias a year or two fooner ; when you fee
the flowers, mark out the beft, and give them new names, caftin
away the common reds, yellows , and purples, and referving fuck
felf-colours chiefly as are light, with blew, purple, or black bottoms
and Tamis, for fuch often change into fairer flowers , and better
marked, than many that fhew their beft at firft flowering,
And although probably many fine flowers may be raifed from the
feeds of thofe well-marked flowers before mentioned, yet {uch as
havea good colleétion of Modes or felf-colours, obferving what co-
lours are apteft to change, and by the bottoms running up into the
leaves become well marked with feveral colours,doubtlefs by fowing
the feeds of fach, the produé maybe as anfwerable to expectation; and
though they come at firft wholly of one colour, yet if that be either
Orenge,Brimfton, Hair, Dove, Gredeline, z/abe#a, Shamway,or any
other light or ftrange colour, they are to beefteemed , forin ayear
or two; many fuch have changed into good marked flowers, and fo
wich all their increafe continued,
To haften which effect, let fuch of your colours as are ftrong and
luxuriant, befer in leanand hungry, but frefh ground, and the next
year after in that which is fat and well manured ; and fo yearly remo- .
ved tocontrary foils, untill you obtain the end defired , and fuch
flowers may be fet in your Garden, and the reft continued, Thelike —
_ Courfe is held with off-fers, tocaufe them to alter from the original,
asmany havedone, for the General Bole came from the brows An-
vers, the Cedanellafrom the Zeablom, and many fine flowers from
the Brabafon, Turloon, and Widows.
As for the planting of the beft Tulips ,-a provifion of manured,
frefh,light fandy earth is neceffary,yearlyto make new beds for them,
or by taking away that wherein they grew to fupply the place ; forif
Tulips (asmany good Florifts conclude) be fet twice inthe So
| . earch,
Chap. X. ESL O.RAA.
earth, they will languith ind decay for wantof agreeable nourifiments
yet if you have ftore of Neats dung mixed with fand, that hath lain
on.a heap. two or three years, the fame fifted, and in Asgu/? well
mingled with the earth of your bed in any good air will be futficient
many about Lozdon complain of the earth, when indeed the fault is
intheair, Ihave fer my belt Tulps twenty years fuccefsively in one
bed, where by the means prefcribed, they have profpered to my
with, and often beyond my expectation.
CHAP, x;
Nareiffus.
He Daffodill, next the Tulips,deferveth mention, in re-
RE {pect of the great variety and excellence thereot ; we
will begin with thote called true Daffodils, arid fo pro-
ceed to the baftard kinds , of both which, thereare
Same fingle and double, .fome with broad , fome with naf-,
*row green leaves, forme bearing one, arid others many flowers on'one
ftalk ; but inrefpec&t many of them are now common and of. finall
efteem, we will infert the beft in every kinde, and fuch-onely as are
fitceft to be collected and entertained by all that delight in flowers ;
begining firft with that be& known, called
Nareiffus Nonparel.
OT He iacomparable Daffodill hatha great and fomething round root,
- 4 covered with brownifh skins, as cheroots of all Daffodils are,
fromwhence rifeth up three or four long broad leaves, of a grayith
- -green colour; with a ftalk more than two foot high, atthe top
whereof out of a thin skinny husk (as all others do) cometh forth one
large fingle flower; . hanging down the head and looking one-way, as
all Daffodils do, confifting of fix pale yellow large leaves , almoft
round pointed, with a large and wide chalice or cup in the middle, of
a deeper yellow, cut and indented about the edges ; thts fometimes
‘hath a flower with twelve or more leaves, and a large cup, which is
-occafioned by the {port of Nature, joyning two flowers together,
NareifJus Nonparel flore five chalice pleno.
oT He incomparable Daffodill with a double flower or cup, isinall the
parts thereof like unto theformer, the flower onely excepted’,
which in this hath the cup in the middle, very large, thick, and
double, confifting of longer pale yellow leaves , and divers broken
parts of the deeper yellow cup,mingled together. one within another,
which befides the border ot large leaves, forms a reafonable fair
double flower, thisis called Narciffus pasc A aa by the Wale
73
8 MESO R™A Book I.
that brotight it lately ott of Flanders by that name; I have had it
many yeais, aid have flow great ftore thereof by che increafeof one
root which Iteceived froui Pars by thename of the double nonparel
Daffedid, asin truth itis. | %
Nartiffus Gallicus major flore pleno.
iS He great double French Daffodil hath narrower anid fhorter green
4 leaves than the former, the ftalk rifeth about a foot high, bear-
ing one fair double flower; compofed of many fharp-pointed leaves,
confufedly thruft together without order, of a pale yellow colout
almoft white; the leaves of his flower are thin and apt to ftick to-
gether; and never open at allif thefeafon be wet; yet in fome.years.
it will come very fair and well opened, ©
: Nourciffi us Gallicus minor lore pleno.
OF He leffer double French Daffodil is in all the parts thereof Jeffer
4 thancheother, it beareth upon aweak ftalk one fine double
flower, made of many tharp-pointed leaves lying one over the other,
and fhorter by degrees to the middle.thereot , like a ftar with fix
points; this is of fomething a yellower colour than the former, and
epencth well, ; :
He donble white Daffodil of Virginia cometh up with two fimall
+ green leaves, and betwixt them the ftalk about fix inches high,
bearing one fair double white Aower, in form like che laft defcribed, -
but onély ia the middle thereof cometh forcha fmall Jong white fork
or horn, which addeth much tothe beauty of the fower 5. this is
tender and will {Carcely endure our Winters, yet more hardy than
that little fingle upright Virginian Daffodil , called ato Mufco,
which is not worth the care whichis required in the keeping of ic,
se Narciffus Albus multiplex.
7] able alate Daffoait is fo common and well known unto all
2 that have any jadgement in flowers, that it needeth no:defcrip-
‘tion, yet for the beauty of the flower , and the {weet {cent, may be
admitted , every other year in une or Fuly it mutt be taken up, che
{mall roots and off-fets caft away, the biggeft onely retained, which
| say be kept dty watill themiddle of Seprember, and then fer, will -
ue feafon bring forth fair double flowers.
Thefe are the beft of the true Daffodils that bear one flower on a
ftalk, Tfhall now give you the time of their flowering, and then
proceed to the'next divifion, whichis of thofe true Daffedills that bear
&%
many flowers on oe fkalk, leaving all other obf vations concerning
we : the
®
Chap. X. ROR SA. 75
the planting and ordering of them to the end of the Chapter, where
one general direction may ferve for all;
_ The Non-parell fingle and double, flower in theend of March or
beginning of April, the double French Daffodils fooner, about the
middle of March ; the white of Virginiain the end of April, and the
» Common white about the fame time;or a little after it,
Narcifjus Africanus aurews major.
"[ Great yellow Daffodil of Africa is the moft ftately of all the
_ fingle Daffodills that bear many flowers on one ftalk, whereof
there are four or five forts, butnone of them comparable to this, fo
that thofe chat are furnifhed with this, will care but little for any. of
- theother ; the leaves of, this noble Daffodil axe long and broad, of
a greener colour then others; among which cometh forth a ftrong
ftalk, not fo long as the leaves, bearing at the top thereof inanold
and well-grown Plant, ten or twelve large flowers, of a fair thining
yellow slots with round large boles or cups, of a. yellow
than the fix outer leaves, of an excefsive fweet {cent ; the root is
great, and in fathion like that of other Daffodils, it is ufually called
Narciffus d’ Algiers, and Africanus Polyanthos, bled
_ Narciffus Sulphureus major. |
| # great Brimfton-coloured Daffodil bath narrower and greenet
leaves than the Jaft; yetfullas long it hath commo y four
or five flowers onone ftalk, which at firft opening are of a bright
Lemon-colour, with a large round Saffron-coloured cup, after it
hath been blownfome time, the leaves turntoa more fullen Brim-
fton-colour, and the cup alfo waxeth paler, this is {weet like the
former and worthy of efteem, 5
_ Narciffus Narbonen/is five medioluteus.
ys French Daffodil with the yellow cup hath long and fomething
_broad leaves, but not fo long as the two former, it beareth
foietimes eight or ten flowers on one ftalk, made of fix {mall white
leaves, anda little round yellow cup in the middle, of a fofi fweet
fcent ; of this kinde there are five or fix feveral forts, fome flower-
ing earlier, fome bigger, and fome bearing more flowers than others.
N irciffus totus albus Polianthos.
He all-white Daffodill with many flowers is like the French Daffo-
: wl laft prarchy onely the fowers are all white, as well the
cup as the outer leaves: of this there is a leffer anda greater, but the
_ greater is much the berter,
‘
FLO R A. Book I.
Nareiffus Cyprius flore pleno Polianthos,
rte double yellow Daffodill of Cypress with many flowers hath leaves
almoft as broad and long as the former, and a ftalk abowea foot
high, which beareth four or five {mall double pale yellow flowers,
of aftrong heady fcent,icis tender and muft be defended trom frofts in
the winter, :
Narciffus medio luteus Corona duplics
es Daffodil with a double Crown cometh up with three or
four long broad leaves, with a large tall ftalk, bearing four or five
final) milk-white flowers, witha double yellow cup inthe middle,
compofed of many fmall fhort yellow leaves, or parts of feveral
cups, = within another , this isexceeding {weet, afid not fo tender
as the laft, | ——
Narciffus Chalcidonicus flore pleno Polianthos.
ape Daffodil of Conftaminople with many flowers is like
the laft defcribed, che leaves come up before other Daffodils, and
the ftalk beareth four or five {mall double white flowers, the —
leaves ftanding without order, and'many pieces of a yellow cup
among them : -there is another of this kind that beareth fewer and
leffer flowers ; the pieces of diPellbvescupyerhatis: mised: with the
white leaves, are edged with purple ; they ate borh very fwweet and
aeathe ea bane st is mach the better, and is more tender than
the ot Ss Nk) 2S ops ORR EER SROs 352 6 pai = : :
The great African Daffodill flowreth about the middle of march
the Brimftone-colour in the beginning. of April, the French Daf
fodils, and the all white, betimes in March, the double yellow of
Cyprus flowreth about the end of April, and the other of Con-
eh about the end of March, but after fome mild winter much
ooner, : yee
Thenexe-divifion of true Daffudsls is of Funcifolias, thofe wich
round rufl:-like leaves, whereof there is fome diverfity, the bett of
which are thefe that follow, ©
3 Nearciffus Funcifolius albus.
pie white Fun wilia, or Rufb Daffodil, hatha {mallround.blackith
root, from whetice ence {pring up three or four fmall long Ruth-
like green leaves, witha ftalk more than foot high, bearing three or
four little fowers, each containing fix white leaves, and a round cup
in the middle, of the fame colour. There is agother of chis kind thac
beareth white flowers, with larger cups, in nothing elfe differing,
Nar-
/
Chap. XS FLO RA
Narciffus Funcifolins flore albo reflex
Y Ae white tarning Zurquilia, or Rifh Daffodil, hach green lees
Tik the former, bat’ foun ting thoren rounder, init geecahe,
the leaves of the flowers are larger, the cups much bigger, and both —
e . white coleur : the fix leaves tutning back evento the foot
alka;
Narciffas Funcifolins floreluteo reflesco
Bs yellow tay ving Funguilia differeth chiefly from the fait in
ai colour of the flowets, which in this are wholly ofa gold yel:
ow colour, :
Niurciffus Funcifolins chalice alba reflexis foliis luteis.
“THe yellow turning Fapeilie with a whire cup differeth from the
~ teft, in that the outer leaves of the flowers are pale yellow, and
the cups milk white. | wi
Narciffus Funcifolius chalice lutea reflexis foliis albidis.
"T# ¢ white turding Fnngqoilia with ayehow cup, is only different
from the other, in that the flowers ate contrary to theai, the tut-
ning leaves in this, being white, and the cup yellow,
Narciffus funcifolins luteus magno chalice.
He Funquiliaor Rufh Daffodil with a great cup,is bigger imall the
A parts thereof than any of the former, the flowers are feldom more
_ than three on one ftalk, which are ak) than in any other Ruth Daf-
fodil, the oucer leaves are yellow, and do fot turn towards the ftalk,
but rather cowards the cup, which is big ptoportionally to the outer
leaves, and of a deeper yellow colour,
Narciffus Funcifolins luteus flore plens.
* 7
He double Funquilia, ot Rafh Daffodil, iiall the parts théreof, is
Tike ch mht au at flowéts of this aré thiék
and double, confifting of feveral rows of leaves, with the caps, of
pieces thereof, betwixt every row of bigger leaves, and wholly of 4
fair yellow colour : thereis another of this kind that bearech double
flowers, but leffer and much inferiour to this,
All thefe Funquilias, or Rujh Daffodils, do flower in Aprd, fone
foonet than caine and moft of thofe that tura back their Leaves,
aré commonly in flower together, . :
he at <oy my
78
_ liveinours. Of this generation is the Narcs{[us of Fapan or Garnfey -
FLORA - Book I.
Narciffus Marinus five tertius Mathioli. 2
“Te Sreat Sea Daffodil, or Mathiolus his third Daffodil, hatha
root far bigger than any other the forementioned Daffodilis, the
leaves are commnnly fix innumber, of a whitith green colour, twice
_-asthickand broad as any of the former, but not fo long as many of
them, from the middle and fides whereof fj pringeth up one, two, and
fometimes three great ftalks, more than afoot high, bearing at the
tops thereof, ten, twelve, or more flowers on each ftalk, confifting of
fix white leaves fread or Inyed open, with a white fhort cup or crown
in the middle, lying flat upon the leaves, cut or divided into fix cor-
nets, from whence ftandeth forth long white threads, turning up the
ends, and fome other white threads in the middle alfo, tipt with yel-
low pendents, °
~~. This {pringeth late out of the ground, feldome before the begin-
ning of April, and flowreth in the end of May, and fometimes not un-
till the beginning of Fune. :
Narciffus Indicus autumnalis latifolius rubellus inftar Lilt
| — polianthos.
| He Indian broad-leaved Autumn Daffodil, with many Lily-like
reddith flowers on one ftalk,
Narciffus Indicus autumnalis rubello albicante colore poltanthos.
>= — Autumn Daffodil, with many bluhh flowers on one
alk, | ; a
Narciffus Indicus latifolia Squamofa radice flore pheniceo.
Te Indian broad-leaved Daffodil, with a {caly root, and {carlet
ower, | :
Narciffus latifolins flore Pheniceo inflar facobei polianthos.
T% broad leaved Daffodil, with {carlet flowers, many on one ftalk,
valgarly called Pacobes, this is the red Daffodil. defcribed by Mr,
Par kinfon, the plant is tender,unapt to live with us, and the flower of
~ Amal beauty,
Narciffus Virginianus latifolins flore purpurafcente.
TT broad leawed Virginian Daffodil with a pwrplifh flower, This
Daffodil beareth many flowers on one ftalk, like {mall Lillies, of
a fallen purplith colour, never opening, and feldome thewing the in-
ner fides of the leaves, in its natural country, and I doube will hardly
Lilly
*
e
chp FLOR 4A.
Lilly, which there Profpers and bears ia odfober Peach-coloured —
OWeCTS,
_ Thefe Indian Daffodils lower late, moft of them not before Sep-
tember, and fome after 5 they are all ftrangers in England, except
that of Garnfey: many of themare defcribed by Ferrarius, and I
finde chem al} mentioned in the Catalogueof the Paris G en, but
of what beauty they are, or how they profper there, I contefs I
am yet to.learn, and I doubt Indian Plants like little better in France
than withus ; befides they being of the nature of the great’ Sea-
Daffodili, if the fibres be either broken in taking up thofe large roots,
or ipoiled by fo long a journey , the roots will undoubtedly perifh,
end never comprehend in the ground or fpring at all, And thus
much for the true Daffodils ; and now we thall pafs to the baftard
kind, and fet down fome or the beft of them 5 beginning with the
biggeft and belt known, called
tate Pfeudonarciffus aureus Fifpanicus Maxunus.
tS He great yellow Spanilh baftard 904 , from a great root fet
deep in the ground, which it affeéteth , cometh up many thick
{tiff leaves, of a grayith green colar, with a ftalk three foot high,
bearing at the top thereof onefair large yellow flower; not hanging
down the head, but ftanding forth, confifting of fix fhort, and fome-
thing broad eaves, and a great Vrunk in the middle 5 alittle cramp-
led,and wide open at the mouth, turning up the brims, tt
Pfeudonarciffi 5 FAifpani cus flare albo major.
He great white Spanifh baftard Daffodill is not {olarge asthe for-
mer yellow in any of the parts thereof: it beareth one milk-
whice flower ; hangitig down the head, ‘which is of the fathion,. and
almoft as big as the former 5 there are cwo other forts of white §pa-
/h baftard Daffodils ; which are leffer ; and wholly of a Snow-
whire colour, ‘. i geese se" ;
Pfendonarciffus maximus flore pleno.
llother is the moft ftately, and beareth the biggett,
doubleft, and gallanceft flower of all the double Daffodils , it hach
a great round root covered with a brownith skin, from whence {pring-
eth four or five fomewhat large leaves, but not very long , of a whi-
T% greatelt double baftard Daffodil, ot Trade{cants double Daffo-
ail, ot a is th
tith green colour, the ftalkrifeth abouta foot high , bearing at the -
top thereof one fair great flower, very much {pread openfike a full- .
blown Province- Rofe, confifting of a great number of final pale
yellow leaves, and almoft as many larger, of a deeper yellow colour,
ftanding in rows one under another, fhorter and thortey by degrees,
even to the middle of the flower, “¥
Pfesdo-
53
~ 80
<5 bo hs Book I,
Pfeudonarcifsus major flore pleno.
3 "Ty “seis great donble baftard Daffodill , imall the parts thereof is
4 ike the laft defcribed, but onely inthe fafhion of the flower,
which of this, is of the fame yellow colour, large and double, but
not fo well {pread open, nor the broken parts of the cup fo well par-
ted, being like tothe next in fafhion, but far more thick and double,
and a much better flower, |
Pfeudonareiffus minor flore plenc.
hath as large roots, and fomething longer leaves. than the for-
mer ; it beareth one double yellow large flower, but not fo fair and
double as either of the former, yet the leaves of this are larger,
though not fo many ; fometimes it willbe a fair double flower with
the cup much broken, and mixed with the paler outer leaves, and
fometimes with the fix paler outer leaves,anda great double Truack,
infome clofe and unbroken, and in others half broken, and divided
into many parts, ie 4
a Hive
Pfeudonarciffus flore pleno mimmus.
“THe leaft double baftard Daffodil, or Parkinfons double Da ffodill, is
like the laftin all the parts thereof, but lefler the flower is
double, confifting of fome rowes of pale yellow outer leaves, and
fome pieces of a broken, deeper, greenith yellow Trunck, forming
a long greenifh yellow double flower, not fo big as the laft,
Pfendonarciffus Anglicus flore pleno. :
"E He double Englifhbaftard Daffodil, ot Gerards double Daffodil,
differeth onely from thecommon Englifh baftard Daffodill , in
that the flower of thisisdouble, eonfifting of the pale.yellow outer
leaves, and parts of the deeper yellow trunck , divided in feveral
rows onewithin another, and fometimes the trunck is onely double,
and fome parts or fides of the flower of a greenifh yellow, —
Pfeudonarciffus anguftifolius aureus multiplex.
THe golden double narrow-leaved Daffodill hath narrow leaves, of a
whitifh green colour , about four or five inches long, with a
{talk almoft atoot high, bearing one double flower, confifting of fix
_ yellow outward leaves, and many thar are fmaller and of a deeper
yellow, thick fet together inthemiddle, with fome of the paler
leaves among them; the middle of the flower pointing forth, diffe-
rent from all the double Daffodils, thisisasxare as any of the for-
mer, at 3 :
They
Helfer, double baftard Daffodil , or Willmors double Daffodill,
Chap. XT FLORA
They do all flower from the middle of March’, to the middle of
April, moft of them being commonly in flower together, °°».
| s Dogs a Pfeudonarciffus Juncifolins-albus: |
[He wbisebaard Funquilia, ot Rufh Daffedill, hath two or three
- large green leaves, not altogether fo round or Ry Kiar as
thofé of the fore-inentioned kinds 5. the’ ftalk is about half a foor
high, bearing at the top one {mall white flower with fix fmall and
fhort leaves, ftanding about the middle of the trunck, which is long
and very wide open at the brims, the fimall outer leaves area little
greenifh, and the great trunck is milk-white,
Pfendonarciffus Funcifolius luteus major.
3 Bad great yellow baftard Funguilia hath bigger, longer, and broq=
- der green leaves than the former, the ftalk is higher, and the
flower larger and more open at the mouth than the white; and
wholly of a yellow colour : Of this there is another fort that
no way differeth from it, but im that ic is leffer in: all the parts
thereof ; there is likewife.a third, thar is like the great yellow,
but fairer, and flowereth a moneth after it). in all other parts
agreeing, i pe RSEAT
All thefe ba/fard Funquilias flower in March, except the laft,which
isa month later, the leffer yellow is the moft common, and is fold
by the Walloons, by thename of Funquillia Mutone; 5 i
The greateft number of the Daffodils are hardy ,. and increafe ex
ceedingly in almoft any foil, and {ome of them are very tender , and
muft be planted in good earth, a warm place, and defended from
Frofts in Winter, fuchare the double white Daffidills of Virginia,
» the double yellow of Cyprus, and thofe of Conftantinople , and indeed
all chofe that bear many flowers on one ftalk , are more tender than
the other forts, therefore it will be convenient to place them all roge-
ther under fome South wall, where they may ftand unremoved many
years, in refpect they are not very apt taoff-fer; neither do they
—_ yearly, unlefs chey be taken upylofe all their fibres , fo that by long
_ ftanding ina place the roots will grow great, and the floivers willbe
many and fair 5 all che othet forts that bear but one: flower, may be
taken up in the beginning of Fune, and kept dry untill: September,
the Sea Daffodil, and thofe of imdia excepted , which-hold their, -
fibres, and muft not be removed but uponnecefsity , and then plan-
ted again as foon as may be,’ |
The Sea Daffedill is far more hardy than thofe of Zudia,which re-'
quire to be ed in boxes, and houted in winter, bueche other may
e fet under a fourth wall where it may ftand twenty years without rey
<li g. Ifany defiretofow che ~~ of Daffodils, in hope to raife,
sy
$2
FLO RA, Book
fome new varieties, thofe of the Nomparel, the great Spanijh yellow,
- he Spanifh whites; the gteat Funquilia, and the baftard kind, are
the apteft to bring good feeds, and the likelieft to Bes diverfities;
they may be fowed in September, and not removed of three years,
and then ia Fwne taken up, and prefently fet again in good ground
at wider diftances, where they may ftand until you may fee what
flowers they will bear, and then difpofed as they thall deferve,
The feedsof the Sea Daffedill muft be fowed very thin by it felf.
and not removed for the {pace of ten years, about which time it will
bear flowers, and when you take it up, the Fibres, which it ftill hold-
eth, muft be kept whole, and the root prefently fet again, where ic
may ftand without removing: all the Indian Daffodils are of the fame
nature, but much more tender. If the feeds were obtained, perhaps
they might be the produéts to plants more durable, being naturali-
zed and bred upin our own Countrey, but fo long expectation re-
quireth much patienge, though little pains in planting, only fowing
them in boxes, letting chem not freez in Winter, nor want water in
Somer,
Having now done with the Daffodils, wee will conclude this Chap-
ter with fome diverfities of Lucoium Bulbofum, the Bulbous Violet,
which is of the nature of the Daffodils, and then proceed to the Hy-
Acinths,
Lucoium Bulbofum pracox mays.
T% els carly Bulbous Violet, from a {mall round root, like un-
to that of a Daffedil, putteth forth three or four very green broad
flat and fhort leaves, with anaked green ftalk, at the top whereof
out of a thin skin cometh forth one, and fometimes two fmall white
flowers, hanging down the heads, confifting of fix fhort leaves, ftand-
ing round together, with fmall fharp points, of a ‘pale greenifh
colour,
Lucoium bulbefum precox minus.
To leffer early Bulbows Violet cometh up with two narrow gray-
'& ifhgreen leaves, with a fmall ftalk betwixt them, bearing one
{mall pendulous flower, with three {mall pointed white leaves, on
the out fide, with three fhorter within them, ftanding round like a
cup, edged with green : this is that common kind vulgarly called the
- Snow-flower,
Lucoium majus bulbofum ferotinum.
He great late-flowring bulbous Violet, isin all the parts thereof
very like unto the firft, but much bigger, ir beareth upon a
reafonable tall ftalk, bigger inthe middle than at either end, three
or four flowers, like iaform and colour unto the firit : we a
ee ec
Chap. XI. EPL OR A
“had two other varieties which came from Portucall, but both of
them fo tender that they would not abide in our cold Countrey,
The firft flowreth about the end of February, the fecond of ‘leffér
a fortnight before it, and the great late flowring kind, not untill
May, z ’ ares
They all increafe by the root like Daffodils, being very apt to off-
fet ; they lofe their fibres, and therefore may be taken up and kept
dry untill Autumn, and then choice being made of the biggeftiroots
to fet, the reft may be caft away, for a few of thefe will be fafficient
to furnih a garden, efpecially of the leffer and common kind,
SR NE Oe “ a eee
CHAP, XI,
Ffyacinthus five Jacinthus.
a He Hyacinth, or Facinth, is of divers forts, and many of them
of {mall efteem, we will make choice of the beft, and fet
them down in order, beginning with that fo much defired by
all Florifts, 7
Hyacinthus Indicus tuberofa radice.
~ Baek, ame Indian tuberous-rooted Hyacinth hath a thick tuberous
knobbed root, formed into feveral heads, with many thick
fibres at the bottoms of them, from thofe heads rife up feveral
ftrong and tall ftalks, fet with divers fair, long, and broad green
leaves, joyned at the bottom clofe unto the ftalk, where they are
biggeft, growing {maller and {maller even to the top thereof, where
ftand many fair large flowers, each compofed of fix white leaves,
fpread open like thofe of a white Daffodil, with fome fhort threds in
the middle, and of a ftrong fweet {cent : there is another of this
kind that differeth only from this, in that it is Jeffer in all the parts
thereof, : see *
Fhyacinthys Botroides major five Mufcari flore flavo.-
He ercat yellow Musk Grape flower, or yellow Mufcari, from a long
er rook. with man Kee fat fibres underneath (which do not
perith as chofe of many _of the other Facinths do) {pring up five
or fix leaves, which at firft are reddith, and after of a whitifh green
colour, hollow, or guttered on the upper fide, fometimes from an old
~ root that hath ftood long unremoved, cometh up three or four weak
ftalks, commonly lying on the leaves, loaden towards the top with
many flowers, ike lle bots of af yellow color, and of « Mase
{weet fcent. / 3
—- N2 Muf-
~
83
FLORA. Book ‘I
Mufcari flore cineritio.
y% Alb-coloured Mufcari, is in roots, leaves, ftalks and flowers
like unto the laft, bur fomething leffer, the leavesa little paler,
‘and the flowers of a bleak Afh-colour, as {weet, or rather fweeter than
the former,
Mufcari lore rubro.
T% red Mufcari, differeth chiefly from the laft, in that the flow-
ers of this are of a yellowifh red colour, and of a fofter fweer
{cent,. - =
Mu/cari flore albo.
= | T% white Mufcari is like the laft, only the flowers of this are of a
pale bleak white colour, and of a ftrong Musky fcent,
Fhyacinthus comofus ramofus purpureus.
a tev fair-haired branched Facinth hath broader leaves than any of
the former, not lying on the ground, but ftanding more upright,
but hollow like the other, the ftalk rifeth up half a yard high, bran-
ched out on every fide,with many tuffs or knaps at the ends of them,
of adark murrey purplecolour: theroots are great, and-hold their
fibres like thofe of the Mu{cari,
Hyacintkus comofus ramefi us elegantior.
af her curled haired Facinth isin all the parts thereof like the
former, the only difference being in the flowers, which ot this is
a buh, or tuft of Sop Gabe: fub-divided into divers long curled
threds or hairs; of a fine bright murry purple colour, as well the top
of the ftalk as the flower: this isa beautifull, and ftrange fafhioned
flower, and hath been of great efteem, but now grown fomething
commen,
: Hyacinthus Stellatus major Peruanus.
He great ftarry Facinth of Peru, froma great root, like unto that
of the Mufcari, come oD before winter, many broad, long, fharp-
pointed green leaves, which lye on the ground round about the head
thereof, from whence rifeth up a thick thort ftalk, bearing from the
middleto the top thereof, upon long foot-ftalks, very many blew
ftar-like flowers, with fome blew threds, tipt with yellow pendents,
ftanding about a middle head, which is of a deeper blew colour, than
that of the fix outer leaves, i
Hyacinthus Stellatus major Peruanus flore alto.
He great white flarry Facinth of Pern, hath leaves of a lighter
green colour and leffer than thofe of the former, the flowers
st¢ | are
Chap. X. Se FOL ORR" A
are not fo many on the ftalk,and white, with alittle drew of blush to-
_ wards the bottom, in all other parts agreeing with the other,
Fiyaeinthus Sicllatus major Peruanas flove carneo.
a0 He great blufh fiarry Savinth of Perwisinall things like the firft,
the onely difterence'isin the colowrof the flowers ; which in
. t
‘this, are ot a fine purplith blufh-colour:
Fiyacinthus ftellatus Lilifolio, ew radice ceruleo.
pe blew Lilly-leaved ftarry Facinth hath aroot compofed of pale
~& ~ yellow (cales, like unto that of the white Zi/y) but {maller and
longer, from whence fpring up many broad green leaves , like
unto thofe ofa Lify, but {horter ; the ftalk rifeeh about a foot high;
bearing many ftar-like flowers at the tap thereof, which are of a
light blew colour, with fix fhort leaves in the middle; ftanding round
likes cups sis< ar we
Of thiskind there aretwo other forts; differing onely in the co-
lour of the flowers, which in the one is white,and in the other bluth,
in all other refpeéts agreeing with the former,
~- The Indian Hyacinth doch not flower in our Country untill Avgu (ft,
the Mufcaries, and the fair-haired Facinths flower in April, the
ftarry facinths of Peru, and thofe with Lilly leaves, bring torth
their flowers in May, outed
The roots of all thefe facinths do hold their fibres, therefore
‘not tobe kept long out of ground, nor the fibres broken when re-
moved ; they are to be tranfplanted in Augu/t , except the Indian
“Facinths , which ate yearly to be taken up in April, the roots care-
fully parted without breaking the great fibres, and thus re-planted;
ut fome rich earth in the bottom of a pot,and place the root fo chat
irmay be covered on all fides, with fome natural freth earth ; which
done, fill up the pot with the fame rank earth, to give the fibres nou-
rifhment; make aholeina hot bed fomething cooled , and put the
pot therein, where let it remain without watering untill the roots
{pring, then take it out and place it under a South wall, insdry
weather let ic not want water; and about the middle of September
houfe it, for this plane will not endure either wet orcold, and if
planted with rank earth next the root, more apt to off-fec than to
bear flowers, -All the wu/caries except the Afh-colour, mult be
planted in a warm place and defended in Winter, the reft are hardy
and require no attendance, We have fome other forts of Hyacinths
which yearly lofe their fibres, the chiefeft of which are thefe thae
follow.
86
FeO RA. Book'I.
Hyacinthus Botroides caraleus amenus.
Ss sky-coloured Grape-flower cometh up with three or four {mall
outtered green leaves, from a round white root, with a ftalk about
fix incheshigh, bearing at the top thereof many | flowers clofe fet
together like unto a fmall bunch of Grapes, in form like thofe of the
Mufeari, but leffer , of a fine pale blew or sky colour , and of a
foft {weet {cent,
Fhyacinthus Botroides flore albo.
ae white Grape- flower isin all things like theformer, but that the
leaves are green, andthe flowers white, growing fomewhat
‘thicker on the ftalk,
Hyacinthus Botroides flore rubente.
aes blufh Grape- flower is likeunto the laft, but bigger in all the
parts thereof, and the flowers of a pale bleak blufh-colour,
Hyacinthus Botroides ramofus.
THe branched Grape- flower diftereth from all the former, inthac the.
'& ~ flowers grow along the ftalk in branches, being of a blew co-
lour, and bigger than any of the other, asthe roots, leaves, and _
ftalks alfo are, | |
_ >. Byacinthus Orientalis major diétas Zumbul Indi.
= at great Oriental facinth, or Zumbul Indi, is that great Facinth
that cometh up with a fpecled ftalk, and great broad long green
leaves, bearing on a ftrong ftalk many fair long blewifh purple flow-
ers, opening into fix {mall leaves, which turn back again (as all the
Oriental Facinths do) the root is big and round, covered with a
reddifh purple coat; of this kinde there is one that beareth fair
double flowers, and there are many forts befides thofe whofe de-
{criptions follow, the.which differ chiefly in the colour of the flow-
ers; infome they areof apale, and fome of a deeper blew colour,
with ftripes down the backs of the leaves of the flowers, foie are
wholly white, and others of a fine blufh-colour; they are all {weet,
and their roots may be taken up and kept dry, as well as thofe of
T ulips,which caufeth them to be the more refpected, —
Fyacinthus Cale/t.
"TL Celeftial Hyacinth is bigger in all the parts thereof than the
_Zumbull Indi; it commonly cometh up with two ftalks, each
bearing many large flowers, like thofe of the laft, but bigger, and of
a fine pale blew or sky colour; of this kind there are two or three
? others
Chap. XI. ELOUEA
others,that bear large flowers on big tall ftalks, fome of a deeper;
and otlers of alighter blew colour , fome white, others bluth, and
perhaps all chefe raifed from the feeds of the Zumbull Indi, as others
" may be from the feeds of them:
Hyacinthus Orientalis Brumalis, five pracox flore albo.
ge early white Oriental Facinth , from afhort roundbig root
(fometimes before Winter) rife up long green leaves like
thofe of the laft; asthe flowers are alfo, but leffer, and of a pure
white colour ; this is commonly in flowerin the end of Fanwary
there is another of this kind that bearech purple flowers , thatcome
as early, for which property they are chiefly refpected,
Hyacinthus Orientalis flore pleno caruleo.
a Fe fair double blew Oriental Facinth , is in all refpedts like the
other blew Facinths, thechiefeft difference is in the flowers
thofe of this kind being fair and double, of agood blew colour, and
confifting of two or three rows of leaves {pread open; there is ano-
ther of thiskind that beareth double blew flowers, but not fo fair;
and more apt to come deformed;
Hyacinthus Orientalis candidus flore pleno.
age pure white double oriental Facinth differeth from the finglé
white, in that the flowers of this are thick and double, of a
pure fnow-white colour, and opening much better than the beft ki
of the double blew, for which itis much efteemed,
Hyacinthus fiellaris flore cinereds
a He Afh-coloared ftarry F-acinth hatha round white root,and green
leaves, {preading on the ground like thofe of the common
HarebeH, or Englifh Hyacinth ,the ftalk beareth very man {mall ftar-
like flowers in a thick buth, bigger below than above , of a pale blew
or Afh-colour, and very {weet, |
Hyacinthus flellatus vilgarts.
T He common blew ftarry Facinth , rifeth out of the ground with
two or three brown leaves, which be long and hollow, of a
whitith green on the upper fide, brown h, and half round,
the ftalk bearech at the top thereof five or fix {mall ftar-like flowers,
confifting of fix leaves, of afair blew colour,
Hyacinthus ffellatus fore albo.
‘He white flarry Lacinth hath leaves like the former , but ofa
frether green colour, the flowers are of che fame fafhion rg
3 : , arg
ute,
-
87
88
FEE@R 2A 3 Book I.
white, a little inclining to blufh; there is one of this kind with
{now-white flowers, and there is another that beareth bluth flowers, |
Hiyacinthus Stellatus precox.
as early Starry Facinth hath broader and frefher green leaves than
the former, with blew flowers , the flowers of this are bigger,
and of a brighter blew colour; there is one of this kinde likewife
that beareth white flowers, and another more rare than any of the
former of this kinde, the flowers whereof being as large as thofe of
the firft blew, andot a fine bluth colour, :
The. Grape-flowers are in flower in April, the great oriental Fa-
cinth betimes in March, the white and purple early Winter Facinths
in Fanuary ot in the beginning of February, the other Oriental Fa-
cinths , both fingle and double, flowerin the end of March and be-
ginning of April, the Afh-coloured ftarry Facinth flowreth in April,
and the other Starry facinths in February and beginning of March,
They all lofe their fibres, and may be yearly removed in Fume or
Fuly, but none of them: (except the oriental) wouldbe kept long
out of ground; they are hardy, and requirefimall atcendance, moft of
them bear feeds, which being fowed and preferved as that of Tulips,
produce new diverfities, There are fome others whichI have pur-
pofely omitted, asthe Woolly fasinth, which I have had many
years, but never could fee one flower of it, it iscommonin Spain,
ut will not flower in England; and of thefedefcribed the bett are
the fair double blew, and the double white oriental Facinths , the
Celeftial, the white, and the blaufh Starry F-acinths : the other are
pretty flowers, but of lefs beauty and efteem, :
C BA Ps Kil: 2 >
Ornithogalum,
"™" He Star of Bethlehem, and the varieties thereof, are next to
be handled, fome of them are fine flowers, and others nor
worth the naming, the which we will pafs over,, and de-
{cribe the beft onely, ae a oe ee ti
Te Se Ornithogalum Arabicum. aries
gre Star- flower of Arabia hath many long green leaves, likeun-
£ tothofe of the Oriental $asinth, fromwhence rifeth up a round
green ftalk , about two foot high, bearing at the top thereof upon
long foot: ftalks, divers large flowers, with {mall thort green-pointed
leaves at the bottom of each of them , confifting of fix pure ee
| eaves
oe a eg ee ee.
Jeaves, with fix'white threds about it, tipt with yellow pénderits : the
root is great and whire, with a lat bottom, the fibres being gone,
Whichit yearly lofeth: this is very impatient of froft, and will not
abide with us, unlefs it be carefully preferved and defended in Winter,
: Ornithogalum maximum album.
| He pd white Star of Bethichem hath thay fair broad long
_™ treth green leaves, which {pring early out of the ground,. and
contintie from the beginning ot February to the end of May,.at which
time they begin to fade, and the ftalk with the head of flowers be-
ginneth to rife, and before they are blown the leaves will be all gone :
_ _the ftalk when in flower, is a yard high, green, fmoothand round,
bearing at the topa great buth ,or {pike ag flowers, upon long foort-
ftalks, which grow fhorter and fhorter to the top of the ftalk : the
flowers open by degrees, firft below and fo upwards, confifting of
fix white leaves, {pread open like a, Star, with a white umbone ih the
middle,befet with many threds tipt with yellow; the root is great,and
-hath a flat bottom like the former, but more hardy to endure, and
apter to increafe, whereby it is now grown common,
Ornithogalum Neapolitanum.
“He Star-flomer of Naples rifeth out of the ground early, with
four or five long hollow pointed whitifh green leaves, ftanding
round together; the ftalk rifech two foot high, bearing many flowers,
- each containing fix long narrow leaves, of a fhining white colour on
the infide, and of a whitith green on the outfide, turning back toward
the ftalks, wich fix other {mall leavesin the middle, ftariding round
together like a cup; with a white pointell,and fix threds tipt with yel-
- Jow: the root is white, and incréafeth too much, and. therefore re-
quireth to be yearly taken up and freed from off-fets, wherewith ic
is apt to be peftered. “28
Ornithogalum Luteum.
i Ge yellow Star of Bethlehem cometh up at the firft with one long
round greenith leaf, which opening a little above the ground,
yieldeth another {mall leaf thorter than the firft, from whence rifeth
2 ftalk four or five inches high, bearing at the top four or five fmall
green leaves, and among them the like number of fimall yellow ftar-
like flowers, witha fmall greenith line down the backs of the leaves,
‘and {ome {mall reddith threds in the middle ; the root is {mall,round,
white and cleer, and although it yearly lofeth the fibres, it will not
endure to be kept but very little time out of he ground,
Ornithogalum A2thiopicum,
H | Stareflomer of Exhiopia hath green leaves 4 foot long, atid att
| “Aine ey a ren broken, a aftalk acubit high, beastly
a
90
| ae eh OR A. Book I.
from the middle to the top many large white ftar-like flowers, wih
fome yellownefs in the bottoms of them, with a three-fquare head
compafied with white threcs, tipt with yellow, the root is thick,
round and white, almoft as render as that of the firft.
T here are feme other var'eties, as the great white (biked Star of
Bethlehem, which is like the former great white, but leffer, and not
fo aod; the flowers grow in alarger {pike, but much thinner fer on
the ftalk; there are fome others that bear {mall white flowers, not
worth retaining, ) ! Nong
the Arabian fowreth in May, the fecond if Fune, that of Naples
and the yellow in Apri!, but the -#thiopian not untill Augwft,
They lofe their fibres, and the roots may be‘taken up: as foon'as
the ftalks are dry, and kept out of the ground untill: che’ end’ of sep-
tember, except thofe of the yellow, which will not endure ont of the
earth but alittle time : that of Arabia, and that of Erhiopia; are both
tender and will not endure the extremity of our long frofty winters,
therefore they niuft be planted in boxes, in tich hot fandy-eafth, and
houfed in winter, the yellow may be fet among other tender roots
that require to be covered and defended from frofts in winter, the
other are hardy, and may be fet in any place among other roots thet
lofe their fibres; — 7 ? | 12 Sy
M oo ee ee Se : Se ah ee Set es ek eden.
a : i anh Ges .
r laa sj
PSO Pete
: | Mil). |
me% 11d carlick yieldeth fome diverfities worthy of enter-
® tainment, the which are next to be defcribed, and firft
tient Poets, 3
Moly _Homericum.
ap ite great Moly of Homer tifeth up with two or three great, thick,
4% long hollow leaves, of a whitith green colour, like that of the
Tulip, with fome {mall bulbs growing fometimes on the ends of the
leaves,but commonly betwixt them,and on the ftalk neer the ground,
which being fet will produce a plant of the fame kind; the ftalk ri-
feth up a yard high, naked, round and fmooth, bearing 2 great um=
belor tuft, of fmall ftar-like purplifh flowers, upon equal foot-ftalks, _
which continue long before they decay, The root is very great,white,
and of the {mell of Garlick,
Sects ee aA. Jick
: ee
Re ee a oe Yer as a epee Cece ES tp cat he
coger = SEAL D AREA.
: Maly Indicum, jive Caucafon.
Te Indian Moly hath leaves like the former, but fhorter and
broader, the ftalk rifeth up not fo high as the leaves, without any
flowers, but onely bearing a clufter of reddith fcaly bulbs ; each as
big as an Acorn, ftanding on foot-ftalks, which being fet, will bring
a Plant of the fame kind, the root is great and white, covered with
4 dark-coloured coat, and increafeth but little under ground, -
Moly montanum Pannonicum.
He Moly of Hungary is of two forts, the firft hath three or four
broad long green leaves, which are carried up with the ftalk a
foot high one above another, having at the cop fome fad reddifh
bulbs, and between them long foot-ftalks , with flowers of the
fathion of thofe of Homers Moly , and of a pale purple-colour, the
root is {mall but very apt to increafe , the fecond pels af Hungar
is like the firft, bie that the green leaves are {maller, and the fal
beareth a greater clufter of dark green bulbs; the flowers are like
thofe of the firft in fafhion, colour, and manner of growing , and
the root is covered with a dark purple coat,
ses ~ Moly Serpentinum.
G Pens Moly is like the former, but of much more beauty and
regard, for that the bulbs on the head of the ftalk are redder,
the ftalk lower , and the {mall green leaves twine and crawl, from
whence it took thename ; the flowers that grow among the bulbs,
are more beautiful than thofe of either of the two former, and the
{cent not fo ftrong, the root isfmall and round, increafing into ma-
ny {mall round roots, no bigger than a fmall Peale,
: Moly montanum flore luteo.
He yellow Moly hath two long broad leaves , whem it will flower,
otherwife but one, of the colour and nearof the bignefs of
thofe of the Tulip, between which cometh up a flender ftalk, bear-
ing at. the a a tuft of yellow ftar-like flowers , greenifh on the
back, and wic w thre he m
apt to increafe, andfmelleth ftrong of Garlick, as the flowers and
leaves do alfo, z |
Moly montanum latifolinm Fifpanicum.
¥ 1He Spanifh purple Moly hath two long broad leaves, like the laft
T eee ei oan which the ftalk rifech up two foot high,
bearing at the top many ftar-like flowers, of a fine delayed purple
colour, with threads of the fame colour tipt with yellow ; near the
2 O 2 | ground
yellow threads inthe middle, the root is whitifb,
gi
D2
| FLORA Book b
croundit yieldeth bulbs, by which it may beeafily increafed , this
hath no {cent of Garlickin any part. Dey
Moly pyxidatum argentenm Hifpanicum.
¢ Spanifh filver-cupped Moly hath two or three long rufh-like
a . ich pafs iat soe the ftalk is rifen up to his heighr,
which will be three foot or more, bearing a great head of flowers,
which after fome time {pread much open; the flowers grow on long
foot-ftalks of a filver-colour, with lines on both fides the leaves! in
-fafhion {mall and hollow like a cup; the rootis white and cleer , and
not very apt to increafe, and without any ill {cent in any part thereof,
2 Moly Diofcorideum.
pas his Moly hath afinall tranfparent root, covered with a
thick yellowith skin, from whence fpringeth up three or four nar-
row Grafsy leaves, with a ftalk a foot and halt high,bearing atthe top
a tuft of milk-white flowers, likeuntothofe of Ramfons, with lit-
tleor no {cent of Garlick, There is another of this fort that is leffer,
and the leaves of the flowers rounder pointed , thefe and the yellow
are the moft common of all the kinds ot Moly,
Moly. Mufcatum Monfpelienfe.
| % [weet Moly of Montpelier hath four or five {mall leaves, no big-
ger than bents, with a ftalkk about a foot high, bearing many
fmall ftar-like white flowers, which if the end: of Somer be hot and
dry, fmell like Musk or Civet, the root is fmall, very tender, and
mutt be carefully defended from Frofts in Winter, .
Homers Moly flowereth in May, and continueth untill fuly; the
Indian Moly beareth the head of bulbs in Fune and Fully, ae all the
reft flower about the fame time, except the laft,-whofe time is late in
September, :
Thefe lofe their fibres , and may be taken up after the ftalks are :
dry, and the biggeft roots preferved to fet again, caftingawaythe
{mall off-fets, wherewith many of them are very apt to be peftred; ~
efpecially if they ftand long unremoved ; they are all hardy and will
thrive in any foil, except thofe whofe tendernefs is exprefled in the
defcription ; the flowers of moft of them are ‘neither fair nor {weet,
and onely preferved by thofe that affeét varieties, their beft ufe is to
adorn flower-pots, where they will continue if the water be renew-
ed, along time, and fet off other flowers of the fame feafon, being
Placed among them. There are fome others of this family nor
woith mentioning, for thofe defcribed are enough, if not toomany,
unlef$ they were of amore worthy generation, |
CHAP.
Chap IV. FLOR A
CHAP, xIy,
fers Afphodelus,
He gle for that it beareth ftar-like flowers, is next to
be defcribed; there are fome few diverfities of them, of
: which we will take the beft onely, and Jeave the reft as nei-
ther worth collecting nor retaining,
Afphodelus major albus ramofus.
PT great white branched Afphodill hath many crawling hollow
three-{quare leaves, fharp-pointed, lying on the ground about
. theroot, theftalk from the middeft of them rifeth round, {mooth
and naked, divided at the top into many branches more orlefs, ac-
cording to theageof the Plant, bearing many ftar-like flowers, con-
_ fifting of fix leaves, whitith onthe infide , with fome yellow threads
in the middle, and ftripped with a pale purplelinedown the back of
every leat; the root iscompofed of many thick cloggs, biggett in the
middle, and {maller at both ends, faftened together at the head, of a
grayilh dark colour on the outfide, and yellow within, :
Afphodelus albus non ramofus.
ee white unbranched A [phodill is like the former , but that the
ftalk is without branches, and the flowers whiter, without any
line or ftripe on the back fides of the leaves, the cloggs of the roots
are fmaller and fewer than thofe of the other,
Afphodelus major flore carneo. |
TT blufh-coloured Afphodill differeth from the Jaft, in chat the
leaves are alittle {potted, and the flowers of a bluth-colour,
which caufeth it to be more efteemed,
Afphodelus major flore albo jiriato.
ay he great white firiped Afphodill hath many long and broad oreen
leaves, which for the moft part lye onthe ground, the ftalk.
rifeth up {mooth , like the whiceunbranched A/phod:l, with many
fuch like flowers, of a whitifh filvercolour , ftriped down the back
of every leaf with a purple line ; they grow on the ftalk ina long
pike, firft flowering below, and fo upwards by degrees, the root is
-agreat bulbe, whereunto are faftened divers cloggs , like thofe of
the former. 7 :
Afphi-
93
94
_ yard hig
Foi Oa es Bak
_Afphodelus minimus albus.
He leaft white Afphodill hath four or five narrow long green
leaves,almoft three-fquare, with a {mall ftalk about a foot high,
without branches , having at the top fome white flowers , like
thofe of the former, and ftriped on both fides, every leaf with a pur-
pleline; theroots are many cloggs, fmaller than any of the other,
Afphodelus minor albus five fiftulofus.
S&G little hollow white A{phodil hath many long hollow green
- leaves, growing thick together, from among which come
up many round ftalks , bearing from the middle to the cop divers
white ftar-like flowers, with purple lines on the back of them, like
thofe of the white branched A/phodid , the roots are not in cloggs
like the former, but {mall white ftrings faftened together at the head;
this isa tender Plant , and apt to perifhif it be not carefully pre- .
ferved from Froft and wet in Winter,
Afphodelus luteus. minor, five Haftula Regia.
He [mall yellow Afphodill,or Kings {pear shath many long narrow-
_ edged green leaves, trailing onthe ground, the ftalk rifeth a
a fet with {mall long leaves to the middle, where the flow-
ers begin, being many yellow and ftar-like , the roots are many long
yellow ftrings which run in the ground and increafe very much; this
is the moft common,and leaft efteemed of all the 4/phodills.
They do all Aower in May and Fune, except the two lat; the firt
of them flowereth in Augu/t and Septensber, and the other in -Fuly,
They may be taken up, and the roots parted, when the ftalks are
dry, and prefently fec again, for they would not be kept long out of
ground, and except the laft white whofe tendernefs 1s expreffed in
the defcription, they are all hardy and will thrive in any place, moft
of them bring feeds; whichis not worth the fowing, for that it will
be many years before they bear flowers , and no variety is to be ex-
Spies them, and for gaining new Plants, the old increafe fatt
enoug
.
“There is another kind of Plant, called the Lilly Afphodill, whereof
that Sedg, which beareth foon-fading dark yellowith Lilly-like fow-
ers, commonly called the Day-Zi#y, or the flower for aday, common
in every Country-Garden, is a kind. There are three other forts
worthy tobe inferted, two of them being very rare and of much
Lilia
33 . ee . -
PEE tis daa eR Slog es
fee pt hE amen ge
5 eS Se ae pT ML Saas ca ENDS Not eg AU ly ae
ee eee Te RY een ME eee 2
Chap XUL (FLOOR A
i: Lil Afphodtel ws luteusi ©
[He yellow Lily Afphodil rifech up wich\ many dong rare i if
A leaves, ourof the middle of them cometh up anaked ftalkybear-
ing at che top thereof: four or ‘five fmall L#y-like’ yellow flowers,
blowing one after another like the day Lily; buc Continuing many
days before they fade: the leaves dye td the groubdbefore Winter;
and the roots are many long yellow ftrings very much increafing,
: Lilia Afphodelus flore albo. ee
TT Lilly Afphedill with awbite floweris in-all the parts thereof like
t. theformer, theleaves are of a frefher green colour , and the
flowers {now-white, like unto the Savoy Spiderwort, but that the
ftalk is higher, and the flowers bigger. L320 ae
_. ohiows 2), LiltaAfphodelus flore carneos 0. |
ones Tee eipesetes) vis sarowoh eioussod Y ois,
2 ny Hadad Afphodill with a blufh,or flefh-coloured-flower, is very like
thewhite, the greateft difference-is in the flowers, which:in
this are of a fine bright blufh or flefh-colour ; ; this and the white are
very rarein England and France, but frequently found inmany Gar+
dens in Germany, be bag 4s dygrted 7: dso
Phalangium.
| hee ¢ Spider-wort is next in order to be treated of ; there are fome
diverfities of them, but we will fer out the beft onely, and firft
begin with that folike the white Lidy Afphedil, that. the one may
ealily be miftaken for the other,
: Phalangium Alobrogicwm, =
3 He Sav Spider-wortxifeth ap with four ot five greeti leaves, like
unto thofeof the Lidy Afphodill, but thorter, aud of a whiter
green colour, out of the middle of them rifechupa ftiff round ftalk,
about afoot high, bearing atthe top. one above another , feven or
eight flowers, like inform.tothofeat the Lilly A/phedill, but leffer,
and of a pure white colour, »withfome threds in the middle stipe wit
yellow, and afmall forked pointel, the roots are long white thick
ftrings, joyned together at the head, increafing reafontable well, |
Phalangium majus Italicam album. 7
oT He great talian white spider-wort hath many long narrow leaves,
T {pread on the ground, witha reafonable tall talk, bearing at the
top many ftar-like white flowers, like, but bigger than thofe of the
common kind next defcribed ; the-roots are many white ftringsrun-
ning under ground, and increafing as well as the former, a
96
LFULOOR A \ Book I.
Phalangium non ramofum valgare.
T He common unbranched Spider-wort hath {mall leaves like grafts,
but of a whitith green colour, from among whichrifeth one, two
or more ftalksalmoft two foot high, bearing at the top many {mall
white ftar-like flowers; the rootsare many long white ftrings, like
thofe of the laft defcribed, but {maller,
Phalangium Virginianum.
T% Virginian Spidér-wort hatha ftringy root, and broad grafs-
® like leaves, the ftalk rifeth up in joynts, withfome fhort leaves
at the topthereof; out ofa tuit of thofe green leaves, come forth
the flowers, which are many, hanging down their heads at the firft,
and turning up as they come to. blow, each flower containing three
leaves, layed flat, of a blew colour, with red threds in the middle, tipt
with yellow pendents : they open commonly one after another, and
may be called a flower for a day, for that they fhut at night,and never
open again, Itis a great increafer, and thereby grown common in
almoft every garden; this was firft brought unto us out of Virginia,
nce we have received thence feveral other varieties, differing chiefly
in the colour of the flowers, for befides the blew defcribed, we haye
_ another that beareth bigger and fairer blew flowers, two that have
red flowers, a bigger and leffer, and one with fnow-white flowers ;
in fome years the flowers of the greater red will come double,
The Lilly Afphodills flower inthe end ‘of May, or beginning of
des and the Spider-wort about thefame time, the common un-
‘branched kind is the firft, and the branched the laft, the two beft
Spider-worts, that of Savoy, and the stalian, flower together about
the end of May, the Virgiuzans a moneth later,
Thefe plants are all hardy, and will liveand thrive in almoft any
foyl, but beft in that which is moift; the time to take them up and
tran{plant them, is in Ayguft, the roots may be parted as they grow
im feveral heads, and fet again, where they may ftand two or three
‘years unremoved : they bear feeds, from whence plants of the beft
ind may betaifed, thatis of the white and blufh Lily A|phodills,
Savoy, and Italian Spider-worts ; it will be four or five years trom the
fowing, before they come to bear flowers, yet it is worth the labour.
and attendance, for that feeds of the two Lilly A/phodills, may be ob-|
tained from places far diftant better than plants, Having done with
thefe flower-bearing plants, before we pafs to the reft of the Bulbous
roots, the varieties ot Pzonies are to be handled, which fhall be the
fubject of our next difcourfe, 2 atte |
CHAP,
Chap. XV. FLORA
CHAP. xy;3 > *y silach aren
Peonia:
MRO, He Peonie is of two forts, Male and Female : The Male
VER! ROARS. is to be known from all the reft, in that the leaves are
(Aj exp conftantly whole without any divifion, and the roors
& A@aee arc long and round; of this there is but one fort, and
See chat preferved more for its Phyfical properties than for
the beauty of the flowers: the Female is of many forts, fome beating
fingle, and others. double flowers 5 the leaves of them all are cut in
and divided on the edges more or lefs, and the roots are more tube-
rous, growing in clogs, like thofe of the Afphodill, with mary round
pieces faftened to the head, with fmaller ftrings, There are four forts
char beap fines ower ici ars tag Males kin! web. peel re
fingle flowers, the common Female with fmaller and darker purplith
fingle red flowers, the blu(h with large blath flowers, and the ingle
Piony of Conftantinople, whofe flowers are larger than thofe of the
Male kind,.and of a deeper red colour, without any. fhew of purple ;
thefe are of mall efteem, yet the two laft for variety may be admit-
ted ; thofe that bear double flowers are beft worthy to be regarded,
the which we will particularly defcribe, and firft begin with that
beft known, -
Paonia famina vulgaris flare pleno rubro.
Ee double red Peonie hath many talks; and ftore of leaves divi:
ded or cut in at the edges, of a dark green colour, hea SF
grow on the tops of the ftalks, which are very large, thick, and
double, of a fulldeep red colour, and feldome continuing above eight
days before they fhed their leaves ; the roots are many Jong clogs
faftened.to the head or main root, with {maller Rrings; this ito
mon and well known, tharit needech no defcription,
Peeonia foemina flore pleno purpureo.
ie He double purple Peony differeth from the laft in that ic is fmal.
ler in all the parts thereof, and the leaves ofa whitef green co-
Jour ; the flowers are double, confifting of fome broad, and many.
riatrow leaves, of a fine bright thining purple colour, which fall away
like thofe of the former, ‘
Pits Panis
98
FL O-RAz. Book I.
Paonia farina flore pleno rubefcente.
< §o donble Carnation Peony hath lower and ftiffer ftalks than the
former, with fmaller leaves,divided or cut-in infome places on the
edges, as all the Female kinds are , the fowers are neither fo big, nor
fo double by much, as thofe of the common red, of a bright fhining
carnation colour at the firft opening, but dayly declining and wax-
ing paler,untill ic comie to be almoft white,never fhedding the leaves,
but abiding long, arid at laft wither on the ftalk ; the roots are like
thie former, but fmaller, and of a brighter brown colour on the outfide,
Lhave one of this kind that beareth large, thick, and double flowers,
confifting of many long round pointed leaves, the ends and fides
‘thereof turn white in one hot day, and continue fo with a red ftripe
in the middle many days, thenwither on the ftalks, .
Peonia foemina flore pleno albicante.
He double blufh, or white Peonic, isin the manner of growing like
“EB unto the lat defcribed, but taller, the green leaves fomething
larger, more veined and ribbed than thofe of any the other forts ; the
flowers are much bigger than thofe of the laft, and more thick and
double, which at the firft opening are of a fine light bluth colour, “but
by ftanding blown, ina few days will carn to be ofapale white, and
fo continue along time before they decay, the leaves not falling off,
but withering on the ftalk, like thofe of the laft, and this is accoun-
ted the beft of all the double Peomies which haye hitherto come to
our knowledge; Ihave often heard of a double Peonie that hath
fnow white ioeets from the firft opening thereot,and fo abiding con-
ftant to the laft, but have not feen any fuch, and therefore doubt the
verity of the report, |
Ponta femina flore pleno variegata.
: 6 il double ftriped Peonie in the mannet of growing is like the laft,
but fomething fmaller in all the parts thereof , the flowers are
double, of a fine red colour, ftriped and variegated with white, abiding
long in flower, and at laft the leaves wither but fall not off,
_ They all flower in May, fooner or later, as they ftand more or lefs
in the Sun, :
~ Allthe Peonies are hardy, and being fet in good ground, will con-
tinue and abide many years without removing ; they are commonly
fet in great tufts in the middle or corners of knots, or on borders,
and may be taken up, parted, and planted again, from September
unto the end of o éfobers thofe roots that have {prouts or buds at the
_ends of them, are beft to be planted ; for thofe clogs or roots that are
ivithout them, willly ia the ground and never {pring at all, except
thofe
Chap. XV SFL GO RA |
thofe of the double purple, every piece whereof will grow, being
apteft to increafe of allocher; in fome years the double kinds do _
_ bring fome feeds to perfection, which being fet or fowed very thin,
in September or OGober, where they may ftand unremoved until they
flower, which will be about feaven years from the fowing, herhaps
fome new varieties may be produced; efpecially from the feeds of the
Carnation, Bluth, Purple; and variegated kinds, ‘
_ And now we willreturn to the reft of the b/ubows and tuberous-root-
ed plants, remaining to be defcribed, and fet them down in order ac-
cording to their fimilitude and feveral relations to each other, and
firft of that whick flowreth firft; though vulgarly accounted laft;
oS SR 2
CHAP, XVI.
) Colchicum.
He Meadow- Saffron; whereof there are many forts, fome
Bs of them for the beauty of their flowers, deferving piace
in this Collection, the which thall be decribed, the re
Mae bearing fingle howers wholly of one colour, andnei- —
- ther eminently ftriped, nor checkered, we will pafs over
as not worth the trouble,
Colchicum verficolor.
Le party-coloured Meadow- Saffron, and all the reft,except thofe of
the Spring bring forth their flowers in Autum before the green
leaves appear, which being kept back by. Winter, come mot up ua-
till February; the flowers of this come out of the ground Jate in the
year, three, four or more from ene roor, ftanding om very fhort foot-
ftalks, compofed of fix leaves, whereof fome are white , othersof
a pale purple, and fome of them half white and the reft purple, with
fome threds or chives in the middle like unto the Crocus or Safforn-
flowers of the Spring, after the flowersare paft, the green leaves do
not prefently come forth, little of them appearing above grou
before the end of February, whichat firft are of a dark brown colour,
but with the Spring grow tobe large long and green, three or four
ftanding upon a flort round weak green foot-ftalk ; im the middle of
the leaves the feed-veffel appeareth, containing round browa feeds ;
the root is fomething like unto that of the T#lip , but commonly
bigger, and having that eminence at the bottom , ftanding out very
long, from whence many fibres fhoot into the ground,
P 3 | Colchicum
99
FLORA | Book I.
» Colchicum Variegatum.
T. He varigated Meadow- Saffron differeth from the Jaft., in.chat the
4 “Flowers rife higher, and are ftriped with adeeper purple, upon
a pale bluih ground, throughout every leaf thereof, which are longer —
than thofeof the former, and not foround-pointed; in the roots
and leaves there is no material difference,
Colchicum atropurpureum variegatum,
TT eet purple ftriped Meadow- Saffron differech from the other, ia
that the Flowers at their firft appearing are of a pale bluth-co-
lour, with {mall and fharped-pointed leaves, which after a little time
become ftriped and garded with a dark fad purple,
Colchicum vartegatum dittum Agrippina.
6 iA variegated Meadow- Saffron, commonly called: Agripina, isof
later difcovery and more rarity than any of the former, the
difference chiefly confifting in the colour and marking of the Flowers,
which in this are white and red penached like a Tw/ip, eS
Colchicum fritillaricum Ne apolitannm.
He checkered Meadow- Saffron of Naples hath larger and deeper pur-.
plith red Flowers, and more eminently checkered like Fritillary
than any other of that fort (except the next) whereof there is fome
divetfity, but this is phe beft , the root and green leaves differ very
little from thofe of the
Colchicum fritillari cum C. hien/e.
T* checkered Meadow- Saffron of Chio bringeth forth (late in Au-
tam) {mall but beautiful Flowers, of a pale purple colour, thick
fpotted and checkered with blewith purple, the green leaves come
up inthe Spring, which are much fmaller than any of the other,
commonly three in number, of a freth green‘colour, lying on the
ground, twining and folding the edges; the root is like thofe of the
other, but fmaller and more tender,
Colchicum flore pleno. _
He double Meadow- Saffron is like the common Englifh kind, that
grews plentifully in divers moift Meadows , onely the Flowers
of this aredouble, containing many leaves, of the fame pale pur-
io colour , with fome chives tipt with yellow pendents among
tnem, = ;
| : Col-
Chap. XVI. a ie @ R A
Colchicum fore pleno purpureo.
THe double purple Meadow-Siffron differeth from the former ?
in that the Flowers are {maller, the leaves of them fharper
pointed, and of deeper purplith red colour. :
C olchicum variegatum flore pleno.
T He double varigated Meador- Saffron is like the firft double kind,
_ 4 onely fome of the leaves of the double Flower will be ftriped,
and garded withwhice, upon che pale blufh ground,
teh
Pe Be OS LF | Pe
Colchicum maximum flore pleno.
+ He greateft double Meadow- Saffron hath Flowers much bigger,and
doubler than any of the former, containing very many round-
pointed leaves, of pale purplith blu(h-colour {preading or en ‘ ial
forming a gallant double Flower, far tranfcending any of the former
double kinds, a sinter ee < is aan sh ‘ ae #
_ Theroots of the Colchicums, being fet about the end of Augsf,
or beginning of September, will fuddainly put forth fibres, and fhore-
ly after Flowers, being the firft blowa from the time of the fetting
of thedry roots of all others, alchough vulgarly accounted the laft,
which are indeed the firft that flower, fome of them in September;
others in Odfober, the firlt parti-colowred, and that of Chio being
commonly the laft, tioidotens |
They are eafily planted, the roots lofing their fibres, which
may be taken up as foon as the green leaves are dryed down, and
kept out of the ground untill che fore-mentioned time for their plan-
ting, they affecta moift ground, but being hardy will thrive and
encreafe in almoft: any foil, onely chat of Chie is tender, and will
not profper unlefsit be planted in'a warm place , where it may have
~ the comfort of the Sun and the benefit of fhelcerfrom Frofts,wec,and
cold in Winter, whereof it is very impatient, I doubt not but other
fine varieties may be raifed by the fowing of the feeds of the beft
kinds, the manner of handling them is the fame with that of Zu-.
lips, and other bulbous roots that lofe their fibres, :
CHAP.
iO
FLOR 4. Book 1
ete
‘CHAP, xvii,
Crocus.
Repsssoemal 4 fron is of divers forts, fome flowering in the Spring,
a Qe) and others in Autum, whereof the tre Saffron is a
‘eh! kind, all che reft are onely entertained -for the beauty
of their Flowers, which are of three Principal colours,
white, purple, and yellow, deeper and lighter, bigger
x
a
«
©
NS
and fmaller ; and fome ftriped, feathered, or flamed, as in the fol-
“towing defcriptions is expreffed, and firft of the white and mee
varieties thereof,
Crocus albus major.
THe great white Crocus rifeth up with narrow long green leaves,’
with a white line in the middeft of them, and as foon as thefe
leaves appear out of the ground, there cometh up in the middle of
them , covered with a thin white skin, {mall low white Flowers.
contpofed of fix leaves, with fome chives, and along Saffron pointe
inthe middle, which never open but when the Sun{ hines warm upon
thems after the Flowers are paft, the green leaves grow longer, and —
the feeds fucceed, which is {mall and round, contained in alow three. —
fquare husk of a yellowith red colour ; the root is fmall 5 Tound and
flat, covered witha ruffet coat s there is a leffer of this kind thac .
eareth very {mall white Flowers of little efteem, ioe
Crocus Mefiacus.
[ie white Crocus of Mafia islike the laft great white, but bigger,
and bearing more Flowers from one root , but not of fo pure a
white colour, but rather inclining to yellow; there is one of this
ind, with the bottom of the Flower and part of the ftalk of a
bright blew colour, and there is another of a@ pure white colour,
ni a bottom and ftalk blew, of the feeds whereof the next was
taifed, 3
Crocus plumatus pallidus.
‘|; * pale feathered Crocus , is fomething like the laft white, but
larger, and not fo round Pointed; theftalk and bottom of the
flower is blew, like unto it; the three outward leaves on the backs or.
outfides are all white or filver-colour, and on the infides finely ftri-
fides thereof; thisis not fo sommon as many of the other are, and
is indeed one of the bet we have,
Crocus
Chap. XVI. FLOR A.
Crocst Epifcopalis:
He £iffops Crocus hath bigger roots anid leaves than any of the
© former; the flowers are longer and fharper-pointed chan thofe
of the Jaft, and variable in their colours, fometimesthey will be
white finely ftriped with blew, fometimes the three outer leaves will
be blew,and the other three filver-colour ftriped with blew,and fome-
times it will have three leaves white, andthe other three pale blew,
and al! chefe diverfities arifing trom one root,and the increafe thereof,
Le Salers Crocus Imperialis.
Act Imperial Crocds hath imahy flowers rifing from ofte root,
which are of a-filver colour; ftriped on the backs. of the leaves
with purple, which when they are open are feen through on the
other fide, this increafeth fo faft that it is grown very common, of this
kind there are twoothers, the one bigger, and the other leffer, of
‘the fame colour and fafhion of markings
«Crocus Regalis.
ae: Royal Crocus is like the zwperial, but bigger, and better
ftriped with deep purple, efj pecially on the backs of the three out-
er leaves; from the feed of this fome varieties have been raifed, dif-
fering from the original, fome being bigger, others leffer, and ftri-
ped with deeper, or paler purple, but in all thefe flowers thé
white hath the maftery, and therefore are joyned next unto thofe
of that colour.
Crocus purpureus mirior.
He (mall purple Crocus hath narrow green leaves, and fmall low
purple flowers, round-pointed, and dark bottoms, almoft black,
Crocus purpureus major.
He greater purple Crocus hath bigger leaves and roots than the
former, the flowers rife higher, and are large, long, and fharp-
pointed, of the fame purple colour, with a deep purple bottome,
Crocus purpurews maximus.
He greatelt purple Crocus is like the laft in leaves and roots, but
bigger, the flowers are the largeft ofall the Kinds of Crocus, of
more bleak purple than the former, anid round-pointed; there is one
‘of this kind that hath the leaves lifted about with white, like the
Tulip called a Prince. ,
Crocis
103
104 ) Babg02R) A "Book I,
Crocus Neapolitanus ceruleus.
T# blew Neapolitan’ Crocus only. differeth from. the ‘greater
purple, inthat the flowers of this are of a dee p-sky colour, with
a dark bottome;
“on Crocus plumatus purpireus.
He purple feathered Croéus is like the greater purple, bur 2 little
bigger and rounder pointed, the three outer leaves of the flower
paler purple on both fides likewife, and this is accounted the beft of
all the forts have hitherto come to our knowledge, Si
Crocus purpureus firiatus.
T# great purple fpripedCrecusis like the Greater purplesche flowers
s
es
Crocus purpureus flammeus major, z
T*% Sreater purple flamed Crocus hath frether green leaves than the
other purples, the flowers are of 2 middle fife, of a whitith pale Q
purple on the ourfide, and deeper on the infide, ftriped and flamed
throughout every leaf thereof s there is another of this kind that is S
leffer in all the parts thereof, the flowers of a deeper purple, flamed :
with fair broad ftripeson the infide the leaves, from the middle to
the edges ; theft vive good feeds, which being fowed yield varieties
se ST aS Voae ge
nc as Se eee Se RS
eee ee eer Ca nn a ere vege REG og Seat
Crocus luteus five Mefiacus.
12 yellow Grocasis{o common and well known that it needeth no
defcription,it beareth many reafonable large round- pointed flow-
ets {pringing from one root, in fome of adeep yellow colour like 4
cole of fire, and in others more pale, and there is one whofe flowers
are of a Brimfton colour; the roots of thefe are bigger than any of the
former, and increafe tog faft; this is the true Crocus of Mefia, and the
white
i
- -blance it hath thereunto,
geet. . SREORA
white fo called borrows that name fromit, in refpéa& of the refem-
Crocus luteus maximus.
a He greateft yellow Crocus is like the former, being a variety raifed
DL fromthe feeds thereof; the flowers are of a deep yellow colour,
but ag large as the greateft purple; for which it is efteemed; |
Crocus flavus flviatus.
> ee ¢
IT He jeton ftiiped Crocus hath {mall bleak yellow Aawers, with
three ftripes of dull purple on the backs of the three outer leaves,
the green leaves are-narrower and longer than arly of the former,
Crocus latens verficolor.
—
Tx Cloth of cold Crocus hath thor t whiti(h green leaves ; the flow-
ersare of a fair yellow colour with three purple ftripes on the
backs of the outer leaves, all the reft of the flowers are wholly yellow,
which are not fo plentiful as the former yellow, bearing but two or
three flowers from oneroot, the roots may be known from any others,
being covered with a hard netted peeling, or fhell; of this fort theré
is another, whofe outer leaves are on the backs wholly of a dark
purple, except the edges which are yellow, and is therefore called the
Duke Crocus, from the Duke Tulip, and there is one other fort with
netted roots that hath pale yellow flowers inclining to whire, with
blewith purple ftripes up the backs of the outer leaves, and part of
the ftalk next the flower, of the fame colour,
Thefeare the beft varieties of Spring Crows that hitherto have
come to our knowledge, there are fome others inferiour to thefe,
which I have purpofely omitted, and I doubt not but many other va=
rieties may be raifed from the feeds of thefe, being fowed and nur-
fed up by induftrious lovers of this delight , and as in the Colchicum,
there arefome that bring forch cheir fowers in the Spring, fo there
are fome Grocuses that flower in Autumn, which are. next to be in:
ferted, sl ia
Crocus vers.
“re true Saffron {pringeth up with many long narrow leaves, and
At after them the flowers, in torm like the former, of a reddifh
purple colour, in the middle of the flowers there are fome fmall
yellow chives ftanding upright, which are unprofitable, as thofe of all
the other kinds, but befides thefe each flower hath two, three, or
four greater and longer chives hanging down upon or between the
leaves, which are of a fiery red colour, and the true blades of Saffron,
_ the which only being picked from the flowers, prefied between two
papers, and atter dried upon a Kiln, or otherwife, is thar Saffron
Shing 4 Q come
105
106
cominohly fold it thops : the roots are bigger than thofe. of any
other fort of Crocus, and covered with a hairy skin, eafily difting ui-
thed from all others, : |
Crocus Byzantinus argenteus.
TT filver-coloured Autumn Crocus cometh up in Odober, like the
Crocus of the Spring ; firft the green leaves appear 5 and then
the flower, commonly one, and feldom-two ; the three oitter leaves
are pale blew, or filver-colonr , and the other three more white and
leffer; with fome yellow chives inthe middle, and a long pointell
feathered at the top; the root is round and covered with aruflet coat.
. , Crocus Pyrenieus purpureus. art
"T% purple mountain Crocus vifeth up like a Colchicum before the
leaves; commonly with one flower, and fometimes two one :
after another, ftanding on long foot-ftalks, of a violet purple colour,
and almoft as large as the biggeft: purple of the Spring, withfome
yellow chives in the middle, anda long feathered topt pointell; the
green leaves fucceed the flowers, fometimes appearing before Win-
ter, but moft ufually not untill che Spring; the root is {mall and
white like that of the leffer purple,
Crocus montanus Autumnalis.
°T He Antum inotntein Crocus fpringeth later chan any of the for-
_ Mer, about the end of october, with three or four fhort green
feaves , and after them the flowers, which are of a pale bleak blew
colour, ftanding on fhort foot-ftalks , {carcely appearing above
ground at the firft, but afterwards grow a little higher 5 the root is
great,with a flat bottom, covered witha dark “gray coat, and increa-
fing very little, |
_ Thefeare all the Autumn kinds hitherto difcovered; thofeof the
. Spring are in flower one after,another , and many of the beft roge-
ther, from the middle of February unto the middle of March; the
Duke Crocus, and thofe with netted roots being commonly the firft,
and the Sreateft purple the laft; thofe of Autumn flower from the be-
Sinning of September to the end of Oéfeber , one after another, in _
order as they ftand defcribed,
All thefe feveral forts of Crocas, both of the Spring and Au-
tumn, lofe their fibres with their leaves, and may then be taken up
and keptdry ; thofeof Autumn until Anguft, and of the Spring un-
ull Odfober; they are hardy and will profper in any place, the Vernal
increafe exceedingly, if they ftand any time unremoved ,» as the true
Sé4fron doth, which 1s taken up every third year, the other Autum-
nal increafe very little. the beft place to plant Spring Crocus, is
clofe up co a wall or pale, or onthe edges of boarded borders — |
ee about
~
_ Chap. XVIII. , FREER ci ie
about the Garden, mingling the colours of thofe of a feafon toge-
ther, as the whites with the purples, the beft Cloth of Gold with the
Royal, the deep purple feathered with the lighter, and fo of thereft,
by obfervation moft of them may be diftinguifhied by the roots ,. and
fo placed according to the fancy of the Planter, but the fore-menti- ©
oned places are the beft, for that few other flowers appear untill they
are paft; for fhould they be fet among Tulips (as fome ufe todo) the
_Graffy leaves atter the flowers are gone, would more trouble and dif-
' grace the place, than the flowers did delight and adorn it ; many
more varieties than are yet difcovered, may be raifed from the feeds
of the belt of thefe, being fowed in September , and every other year
in Fuly removed and fet wider, untill they bear flowers, mak ng the
ground light and rich, into which they are tranfplanted ; which will
bea great addition unto them,
eet scilse Souts-Gbingah-E!
_. CHAP. xyI.
"Iris bulbofa.
He bulbot's Flower-de-luce is Of two forts, the one big-
ger, and the other leffer in all the parts thereof,the
firft is called Iris bulbofa latifolia, the broad-leaved
bulbous Iris, ot Flower-de-luce , whereot there are
many fine varieties ; the other is called Irs bal-
bofatenwifolia, the narrow-leaved bulbous Flower-
— de-luce,, of which there are more diverfities thari
‘ inthe former, but moft of them of lefs efteem, Before we proceed
to the defcriptions of thefe, there are two other forts of Flower-de-
luces deferve to be mentioned, and firft chat called op3i)3
> GP Iris bulbofa trima Clufis latifolia. |
: Te fir great bulbous Flower-de-luce of Clufins, before the longs
broad, flaggy, thin green leaves rife up to half cheir height or
length, pucteth forth two or three Aowers from the middle ot them,
ftanding on {hort weak foot-ftalks , each flower confifting of nine
leaves, as all F lower-de-luces do, whereof thofe three that ftand up-
_ ‘sight are fhort and i 5 the three that fall down’ curn up
the ends, and the three arc ed leaves which inother Flower-de-luces
cover the bottoms of them ftand up, parted into two ends, in fome
white, but in mott of asky-colour, witha Jong {tripe ineach of the
three falling leaves; andall thefe diverficies have been found in this
: Rower, although there be but one kinde thereof , nek in colour
: according to the nourifhment It receiveth ) ‘asit hapneth in ‘divers
other Plants, After che flowers are patt; the green leaves grow longer;
the root is fomthing big, roun jand white,covered with brown skins,
having two or threelong thick roots growing under it, from whence
matty fmall fibres fhoot into the an : ic: ae
Tru
168
‘defended from Frofts in Win
FLOR A. : Book I.
Iris Perfica. |
a 3 He Perfian Iris, or Plomesechucy cometh a with one, two, or
three flowers, according to t e age of che Plant, as foon as
the green leaves begin to appear above the ground , which after the
flowers are paft grow broad, long, and flaggy,ilike thofe of the for. -
mer; the flowers ftand on weak (hort foot-ftalks, compofed of nine
leaves , the three that curn downare of a pale sky-colour, with a
large {pot of brown purple , almoft black, on the ends thereof, with —
another {pot of deep yellow above ir, ftreaming along the middle of
thefe leaves under the arches, with many fmall fpots of the fame
dark purple-colour on both the fides thereof ; the three arched
leaves that cover the lower part of the falling leaves, ate of the fame
pale sky-colour with the ridge, bua little blewer, and the ends par-
ted in two pieces and turned up ; the three other leaves which in
other Flower-de-luces ftand up, and are called the top leaves, in this
are very {mall and turn down towards the ftalk,of the fame pale sky-
colour that is in the arched leaves ; the root is like that of the
former,
_ The firft is aid to flower in its natural Conntry in Fanuary and
February, but with us not untill April, and moft ufaally in atay,
the other flowereth with us in the end of February , or beginning of
March,
“Che firtt isa tender Plant,
the middle whereof the {talk rifeth about two foo: high, beariag ar
the cop outof a thin skinny hofe, one, and fometimes two flowers,
compofed of nine leaves, three turned downwards, longer and
that follows it hach three other final] and arched leaves, covering the
lower parts of the falling leaves, ‘turning up the ends, whieh: are di-
vided into two parts ; and the other threele admg upright,
over with fimall lines of puiple,
ChapaxVL FLOR A
very finall at the bottom , and of the breadch of a fix pence at the
top; the whole flower in this, except the yellow {pot , is of a bleak
heavy blew colour; the feed is round and of a yellowith brown co-
Jour, contained inthree-fquare husks, wherein if it be ftirred when it
is ripe ic willrattle ; the root is big and long, covered with a brown
ftringy coats this is the moft common and the wort of all others, the
reft chat follow are fine flowers, and fome of them very rare!
Tris bulbofa major flore ceruleo elegantior.
He great bulbous Iris with a rich blew flower, is in all things like the
AL former, except the colour of the flower , which in this isarich
thinidg blew colour , far excelling the other, and having that {pot
which is in the lower leaves of all thefe Flower-de-luces, of 2 deep
_ yellow inclining to an Orenge, i 30% | ;
Lis bulbofa mayor fore ceruleo variegata jive chamoletta.
| [te blew Priped Flower-de-luce is like the firht, the flowers of the
fame blew-colour, but diverfly marked and ftriped throughout
every leaf thereof, with a dark violet purple colour, refembling
watered Chamolet. |
; Iris buibofa major purpurea.
Tee purple bulbous Flower-de-luce hath larger flowers than the
firit common kind, the whole flower except the yellow fpor, is
of a reddifh murry purple colour, |
_ © Iris bulbofa major flore purpures ver feeolor.
pe eveat purple varidble bulbous Flamer-de-luce bach the flowers
_B fomewhat' leffer than the former, and of a rich murrey purple
colour, witha {mall yellow fpot_in the falling leaves, marked with
_ deeper brown ees almoft black, upon a lighter purple, like watered
Chamolet,and therefore by fome called brown purpur Chamolet,and
the former the blew Chamolet, by which mames the Walloons
broughe them over out of Flanders 8 ,
+a Sd
cet
2 Ss Iris bulbofa major ure Ciner eal?! SEs qe
= great fh=coloured bulbous F lower-de-luce hath one of two flow-
ers on a ftalk, as big as the firft blew, which are ofan Afh or La-
vender colour with a yellow {pot in the chree falling leaves, |
Irs bulbofa major flare cinereo firiata. |
ripe erect Afh-coloured priped balbous’Tris's Vike the laft, only the
: flowe ‘ rs of chis being eae rane colour are ftriped and veined all
Ir
- LOR A Book I.
_ drs bulbofa major verficolor.
TH great variable coloured bulbons Flower-de-luce hath the three
falling leaves of the flower of a pale filver-colour, witha circle of
_afh-colour about the yellow fpot, the arches are of the fame filver-
colour, ridged with afh-colour; andthe top leaves alfo ftriped and
veined with blew,
Irs bulbofa major flore rubente.
T# ¢ great pale red or Peach-colonred bulbous F lower-de-luce is more
rarethan any of the former ; the flowers are in fafhion like thofe
of the purple, at of a pale red colour like unto the bloffome of a
Peach, witha {mall yellow {pot in each of the three falling leaves,
Iris bulbofa major flore albo.
qe great white bulbous Flower-de-luce is fomething bigger than
the farftcommon blew; the fowers when they are full-blown
are of a pure {now-white colour, with a {mall yellow {pot in the middle
of the three falling leaves, :
Tris bulbofa mayor flare albo maximo. }
pe great white bulbous Iris with the bigzeft flower is like the laft,
but fomething bigger ; the flowers are longer and larger, of the
fame fnow-white colour, and fometimes the three top-leaves will be
alittle ftriped and {potted with a faint purple colour. I have divers
blews, murrey, and violet purples, fome deeper, and others lighter,
all large flowers,which I raifed from the feeds of this great white, and
one deep blew with fmall ftripes of white through every leat of the
flower, and of more than an hundred, I had but two whites, the one
more, the other lefs ftriped than the original,
Tris bulbofa major alba variegata.
“He great white ftriped bulbous F lower-de-Lluce hathia {maller flower
than the firft white, of the fame pure white colour, and finely
{triped and marked with veins, ftripes, and drops of a thining watcher
or blew colour throughout every leaf thereof ; this is by many called
the ¢urcelaz Iris, from the colours and manner of marking, refem-
bling that ofa China dith, =
Tris bulbofa major flore albo es purpureo variegata,
| ee great white bulbous Iris ftriped with purple next to the peach co-
& lour is the rareft of all the great bulbous Flower -de luce; the flowers
are ser ae as the firft white, of the fame pure white colour,
and excellently Tiped and marked through every leaf thereof with
purple
Chap. XVIIL. BEG A Ser
“purple, of the feeds of this I have raifed feveral varieties, whereof two
are moft confiderable, one of them hatha fnow-white flower, marked
in the falls with dops of purple, and the top-leaves with fmall ftripes,
the other is-of a deep velvet dark violet purple colour, wich fmall
fpots and ftripes of alh-colour, both in the three falling leaves, and
thofe that ftand upright. ;
Tw bulbofa major flore luteo.
ye great yellow bulbous Flower-de-luce differech only:from the
firft white, inthat the flowers of this are ofa fine bright gold-
colour, with the {pot in the three falling leaves of a deeper yellow,
almoft orenge.
°
Thefe are the diverfities of the greater bulbous Flower-de-luces, as
far forth ashitherto havecome to our knowledge ; Idoubt not but
that there are many more in other Countreys, and more may be raifed
in our own, by fowing the feeds of thofe we have, which in ordering
is the fame with Tulips; they bring forth theit flowers in Fane, fome
fooner than others, the blews being firft in flower, then the whites;
and the purples laft,
The roots lofe their fibres every year, and muft be taken up as foon
as they are’ dry down, ora little before, for if they ftay longer in the
round,’ withina fortnight after flowring, they will put forth new
bres, and then it is too late to ftir them, the roots being taken up
ina fit feafon, may be kept dry untill che beginning of Augu/t, and
then it will be time to fet them, for it is not good to keep them too
long out of ground ; ifthe earth wherein they are fet be over rank
and hot, it will rot and confume them all , therefore a bed muft be
made for them of good freth fifted earth, and not too poor neither,
for then they will not thrive , nor placed too much in the Sun, for
that will {corch and {poy! them , but the beft place is on the Eaft fide
the Garden, for neither the South nor the Welt fides will agree with
them, as J have often found by experience, ; ;
Tris bulbofa miner.
"Ee leffer bulbous Flower-de-luce isnext in order to be defcribed,
“whereof rhere are many more varieties than are to be found in
the greater kinds, but many of them very common; and of finall
efteem, we will therefore make choice of fome few, and chufe the
pais
bet and moft worthy to bec ente
Iiis bulbofa minor flore albo. 2
: Te le(fer white bulbous Flower-de-luce fpringeth out of the ground
before Winter, with fmall nartow leaves, which at the Spria
grow bigger and longer, with a hollow chanel on the infides ; they
bigger
ftalk is longer and fmaller than that of the former kind, bearing =
— ehe
pe
+2. oe
FLOR 4. Book I.
the top out of 4 thin skinny husk,one or two flowers,of a fnow-white
colour, {maller, fhorter and ronnder than thofe of the greater kind,
with nine leaves ftanding in the fame fafhion , the three falling leaves
having a yellow {pot in-eachof them; the arched leaves are divided
aad turn up theends; and the other three cop-leaves are longer than
thofe of the greater kind, and ftand uprights the feeds are like thofe
of the former but leffer, and the roots are yellower, fhorter, and noc
fo hairy, very apt to off-fet, whereby they are foonincreafed, This
defcription may ferve for the reft of this kind that follow , therefore
we will onely add the feyeral names by which fome of the belt age.
received, and the difference ot the colours that are in the flowers of
others that wantnames,
t]
‘
There is another white, that is bigger in all the parts thereof than —
the former, the ftalk taller, and the flowers larger, but not of fo
‘pure a white colouras the other; and having that yellow {pot in the
three falling leaves asin all others.
There is another like the firft in fize and fathion , whofe falling
leaves havea little thew of yellownefs in them , and fo have the mid-
dle ridges of the arched leaves, but the upright or top-leaves are
white,
We have another witha fmall flower as white as the fecond, the
lower leaves are fo {mall, that the yellow {pot covereth almoft all
the ends thereof, ftanding outright ; the arched leaves arealfo fmall
and long, and the top-leaves bend in the middle and meet at the
There is another kind called the Spanifh yellow , that rifeth nos
high as ufually the reft do, the flower is like the firft, but of anex:
cellent deep Gold-yellow colour throughout the whole flower,
And another that rifeth as high as the fecond 5 with pale yellow
flowers, with a deep yellow {pot ; of this there: are diverfities , fome
bigger and fome leffer, fome with paler and fome with deeper yellow
flowers, and one with the falling leaves white, except the yellow {por
which is common to all the bulbous F lower-de-lnces.
We have one called the party-coloured Spanifh , whofe falling
leaves are white, the arched leaves filyer colour , and the top-leaves
of ablewith purple; of this fort there is another that hath the falling
leaves cirled with blew, the arched leaves pale blew, and the top-
leaves purple,
There is another called the early Portugal, that is fmaller in all the
parts thereof than the former, the flowers ftand round and neat, in
fafhion likethe spanifh yellow, buc Wholly of a fair blewith purple
colour, except the yellow {pot which is in the three falling leaves,
We
~~
a
Chap. XIX. FLORA
“Wehave another purple with a higher ftalks, and larger flower than
the laft, but near of the fame colorr,
Thereis another like the laft, whofe flowersare of a reddith pur-
ple-colour, and flowereth very late, :
And another that hah yellov falling leaves, sky-coloured arches,
and top-leaves of a murrey purple,
And there is another whofe falling leaves are yellow : the arches
and top-leaves of a fair hair-colour, and another of a fadder and dul-
Jér brown colour, |
“And we have another that is taller and larger than any of thereft,
with falling leaves of adusky yellow colour, with veins and.borders
about the edges of adun colour, the arches of a dull purplih yel-
low, and the top-leavesof a fullen blewifh purple, ,
_ There are many other varieties, but moft of chem inferior to thofe
mentioned ; we will conclude with three other forts that are re
rare than any of the former,
Iris angu/tifolia Hiifpanica bulbo non feripta.
TH Spanifh navrow-leaved Flower-de-luce,not written of , is (omes
. thing like the sok aa , but fmaller and fhorter, the
flower is of a pleafant bright yellow colour, witha deeper {pot in the
three falling leaves, and inftead of the top or upright leaves, it hath
three very {mall thort (harp. pointed leaves ; if they may be called
leaves in refpeét of their fmallnefs.
Iris anguftifolia bilbofa elegantifs.ma percico flore.
; T He moft eleg
flower, rifech up with a ftalk and leaves like thofe of the middle
fize, the flower hath large and long falling leaves, with a yellow
{pot in the middeft of the ends of them; the arched leaves are alfo
large, and the divided ends Jong and turnedup; the top-leaves are
likewife large and long, and the whole flower,except the yellow fpot,
_ of afine reddith Peach-colour, deeper than chat of the greater kind
before mentioned; this is the rareft of allother , andas hard to be
found, ae
Tris bulbofa angiiftifolia ferpentaria caule.
= narrow-leaved bulbous Iris, with a [potted fralk ; isinthe man-
ee thing like the Portugal, but a little caller.
ner of growing fome ker
and bigger ; the fower is of that fafhion,and wholly of a reddith mur-
rey purple colour except the {pot aay isin the falling leaves chere :
or,
ant narrow-leaved bulbous Iris, witha Peach-coloured
113 |
4
FLORA “25 Book
of, which itt this is of a deep yellow colour , tound at the head , anid
‘witha {mall lift running under the arched leaves ; this may be known
before Winter, after the green leaves arecome up, for that rhe bor-
toms of them for an inch above the ground , are of a reddith colour full
of dark purple fpots; this is that which the Walloon; have lately
brought over out of Flanders by the name of Iris d’ Abby, Some of
them flower fooner, and others later, commonly after moft of the
Breater kinds are paft, in Fune, and ftay until-fuly ; the purple Por-
tugall and the Spani{h yellow are firft , the hair-colours and murrey-
purples laft, the flowers will be foon fpoiled by wer, unlefs it be fha-
ken off thorrly after it hath fallen upon them, )
The roots lofe their fibres, as thofe of the greater kind, and are
to be handled after the fame manner 5» the feeds of the beft kinds al-
fo produce varieties, and the roots of the common or ordinary forts
increafe too faft ; the two laft are the rareftand moft render | they
muft be planted in good frefh earth that is not hot with dung, and
where they may have the comfort of the morning Sun onely,
te ,
* : . 3 Se Sea
‘CHAP, XIX;
Tris Tuberofa.
oven He Tuberous, or flag-leaved Flower-de- luce, is of divers
@ay forts, and thofe commonly divided into two kinds,
am the Tall and the Dwarf, the which may be {ubdivided
= into two other forts, broad leaves and narrow leaves,
| the Tall are called Irés major, or Latifolia, the Dwart
Iris minor, ot Chamairis, of each of thefe there are many diverfities,
out of which we willfelect thofe that bear the faireft Aowers, and
afs by the reft as not worth the mentioning; the beft of all the -
Linds is called
: Iris Chalcedonica major.
He great Chalcedonian Iris,or 7, urky Flower-de-luce, rifeth up be-
fore Winter, with divers eee ellowith green leaves, folded
one within another at the bottom, and opening towards the tops; out
of the middle of thofe leaves rifeth a round ftif ftalk two foot high, .
bearing at the top thereof one gallant great fower, confifting of nine _
leaves as all thereft do; the three lower, leaves being very large and
"broad, are of a fad purple colour almott black, diverfly fpotted, ftra-
ked and marked witha grayith white colour, with a great black freez
or fringe in the middle of each of them ; the three arched leaves that
cover the fmaller part of thefe lower leaves, are of the fame colour,
and marked in ghe fame manner, but alittle paler, efpecially towards
the fides and ends 5 the three upper leaves are alfo very large, and
marked
~
Chap. XTX. BHEOR A. Ce
marked like the other , but of abrighter and more lively colour by
much; the roots are tuberous, thick and long, like thofe of other
flag Flower-de-luces, but of yellower brown colour, with many great
long flat fibres, | |
Tris Chalcedonica minor:
THe léffer Chalcedonian Iris, ot Turky Flower-de-luce , differethi
from che former, in chat it is leffer in all the parts thereof, thé -
leaves of a yellower green colour, the flower darker; and not fo emi~
nently marked,
They flower in May ; fooner or lateras the Spring is forward or
backward, :
Thefe ate the beft kinds of flag Flower-de-luces , after the flowers
aré paft; fometimes the roots will lofe cheir fibres; and then’ the
green leaves will dye tothe ground ; fuchas do,muft be taken up and
kept out of the ground untill the middle of Oéfober, the beft time
to tran(plant them isin the end of Auguff or beginning of September;
the beft place under a South-wall, and the beft foil chat which is frefh
and mixed with well-rotted and fine fifred wood-pileearth, and if
they be covered and defended from hard Frofts in Winter, they will
profper and bear flowers muchrthe better; fome ufe to take up the
roots in theendof Fume, andkeep themdry untill odfober, which
maketh them the apter to bear flowers; wicsseds
Tru Dalmatica majors
Te great Flower -de-luce of Dalmatia hath great broad Sedg-like
green leaves, atall ftalk, bearing three or four large flowers
on feveral branches that come from the top and fides thereof, which.
are in fafhion like the Howersof the common great flag Flower-de-
luce, of a pale blew or watchet colotir, and {weet fcent ; the root is
great and tuberous, proportionableto the reft of thepartsvins © —
Iris Afiaticd otruleas ed
T% blew: F lower-de-luce of Af is like the Jaft, but fomieehing
~Jeffer in all the parts, theftalk more branched ; and bearing
more flowers, which are of a deeper blew colourthan thofe of the
former, ks ,
Tris Lufitanica biflora.
Ty Hetwice flowring Portugall Flower-de-lnce isin all things like the
~ & common greavpurple flag sri, but avlitele leffer,and flowrech
in the: Spring , and-again commonly the famé-year in Aucumn,; the
flowers of this are fweeter than any of the formers... | .y\ aged
R 2 ae Pe ire
ig
FLOR 2. 7 Book f.
Ir Camerarii purpurea ver fu olor.
ee He variable purple F lower-de-luce of Camerarius hath green leaves
almoft as big as thofe of the laft, but fhorter ; the flower is of
the fame fafhion, but leffer, the three lower leaves are of a reddifh
purple, the arched leaves of ableak yellow, fhaddowed with purple,
and the'three top-leaves of a dull {moky yellowith purple colour ;
we have another that is taken for the true Ira Camerarit, in re{pect
it agreeth with the defcription of C/ufins, a man of excellent judge-
ment, this hath great thick knobby roots, broad flaggy leaves,a rea-
fonable-tall fmooth ftalk, and flowers of a blew colour, welted down
the middle of the leaves with yellowith white, and the falling leaves
fringed about with a thick plaited fringe of the fame yellowith white
‘colour ; there is another that paffeth under that mame that hath
flowers of a pale blew or sky-colour, fringéd about the leaves like
the former, but with a deeper blew colour than isin the reft of the
flower, )
g Tris cerulea ver ficolor.
lige blew party-colowred Flower-de-lace hath green leaves fome-
UA ching lefler than che former, the flowers are variable- in their
colours; for fome have the falls blew authe edges and the reft_ white,
the arched leaves ofa whitith yellow, and the top-leaues of a pale
sky-colour with yellowith edges s in fome the blew is deeper with
dark {pots, in fome very pale ; and there is one whofe upright
‘eaves are of a bright watchet, with yellowifh edges, and the tal-
23 9 era half blew, and the other afb-colour, wich
yellowiflt edges, Nene “3
Fods” Iris alba verficolor.
[He white variable Flower-de-lacein roots & green leavsis like that
of Camerarins 3 the ftalk rifech almoft ayard high, bearing four
or five flowers one above another, which are of a filver colour, with
a lift of blewifh purpledown the backs of the top-leaves, and the
lower leaves are whipt about the edges with blew, the arched leaves
ofa pale sky-colour, and more blew towards the ridge ; this is a pret-
ty flower, but doth mot deferve that nick-name Irs gloriofa as
mehave pucuponit,, ne
Iris aurea anguftifolia Tripolitana.
He yellow Flower-de-luce of Tripoly hath green leaves a yard
a =o he almoft an inch broad, the ftalk four foot high, not big,
but ftiffand round; bearing at the top thereof, two or three long
natrowsleaved gold yellow flowers, in fathion like thofe of the du/-
bows Flower-de-lneeioerc? 203 2 ys nails woes) ee ees ‘eb
te : . a Ir ey
-
Chap. XIX. FLOR 4A
fris anguftifolia major cerulea.
«
leaves likke the aft, but neither folong nor fo broad ; the ftalk
rifeth alittle above the leaves, bearing many flowers, which blow
one after another, of a’ bright blew colour, and in fathion like
thofe of the laft. ;
Iris anguftifolia verficolor Clift
TT great blew narrow-leaved Flower-de-luce hath dark green
= ccc sa pale variable Flower-de-luce of Clufiushath a thick
tuft of narrow long green leaves, from whence (if the plant be
old and have ftood long) come up many round ftalks, higher than
the leaves, bearing four or five {mall flowers one above another, the
Jowet leaves whereof are variably marked with white and blew, bit
_ the arched-and poner. are wholly of a light blew colour; the
root confifteth o nin bois ings baste ieee ftrongly in
the ground and much increafech 5 there is another of this kind that
beareth white flowers, : |
Iris angu/tifolia major flere duplici.
TT greater double narroiv-leaved F lower-de-luce hath long narrow
~ & green leaves, but broader and fhorter than thofe of the laft,
‘and not fo thick jet’ rogether , the flowers feem like many thruft
rogether,coming confufedly out of one husk, not having the diftinet
parts of a Flowe?-de-luce, and fometimes it cometh with two or
three fmall flowers, of diftinG form, rifing out of one husk ; the fow-
ers are ofa fair blew colour, with many veins of white running through
the leaves = the roots are like chofe of the laft, but bigger; and nor
‘fo apt to Gncreale, Bees on 2 = - et 3 Vath wel 55h 19 Bi B83
yous e0 Rom aiChameivis latifolia alba major. -
ep degen white’ dwarf Flower-de bwce hath fomething broad
but fhott’green leaves, a ftalk about half a foot high, bearing
‘commonly but one flower, which iarfome is fnow-white , and in
Others ftraw-colour ; the/roors are tuberous like the common fg
F lower-de-luce, but leffer and fWworrer, (is 12 worg fo peratiqiar’s
Chameiris latifolia major purpurea.
H egee purple dwarf Flower-de-luceis like the former, the only
di
ifference is in the colour of the flower, which is in this of a dark
violet pusple, in fome deeper, and in others lighter.
Chamsir ss
119
FLO Read. ~— Book I.
Chametris latifolia alba minor.
i Beas leffer white dwarf Flower-de-luce is {maller in all the parts
thereof than the former, the flowers fcarce rife above the leaves,
which are like the other but leffer, and of a whitifh colour in ene, and
in another ftraw-colour s there are of this kind that bear violet pur-
ple flowers, in fome deeper, in others lighter 5 and one ofa palesky-
colour; there isanother that hath the falling and top-leaves otf a
yellowith colour, with lines of purple, and another that hath the top-
leaves of a blewith yellow, {potted with purple, the falling leaves
{pread over with pale purple lines, and the arched leaves filver-colour,
: ~- Chamairis latifolia flore rubente.
Te bluh-colonred dwarf Flower-de-luce hath leaves and roots like
_ dt the former, the chiefeft difference is in the colour of the flower,
this having the falling leaves of a reddith Peach-colour, wich blew
thtums, the arched and top-leaves ofa fine pale red or bluth-colour,
Some of thefe F lower-de-luces do bring forth their flowers in April,
others in May, and fome not untill Fuze,
ei igs?
F lower-de-luce, which to us.can be of no. ufe, tor it will not thrive
tran{planted, or growat allin England,
_. CHAP.
Chap. XX FLORA
a
CHAP, xX,
Gladiolus.
7 Orn-Flag, and the varieties thereof are of no great
Zii efteem, yet becaufe they come ina feafon when there
are not many other flowers, the three following
kindes may be admitted into the Flower-garden,
Gladiolus Byzantinus.
te Corn- flag of Con ftantinople rifeth up with three or four broad
and tiff green leaves, fullof ribs, one coming out by the
fide of the other, and joyned at the bottom; the ftalk rifech from
among the leaves, bearing many flowers one above another, ftanding
all one way like thofe of Fox-gloves , which in this kinde are larger
than in any of the other forts, and of a deep red colour, with two
white {pots within the mouth of every flower ; the root is round flat
and netted over,apt to give many off-fers if it ftand long unremoved.
Gladialus flore fuave rubente,
Tr He Corn flag with a bright red flower, hath green leaves almoft as
broad and long as the former, but of ablewer green colour,the
flowers differ onely in the colour, which in this are of an excellent fine
bright red or carnation colour, and almoft as large as chofe of the
Byzantines -
Gladiolus flore albo.
T*% Corn flag with white flowers is leffer in all the parts chereof than
A the la&@ detcribed, the leaves are of afrether green colour , the
roots whiter,and the flowers {fnow-white,
There are three other morecommon varieties ; which are called
French Corn-flags, two that bear red flowers, theone a little bigger
than the other, arid one that is Ath-colour ;. and we have anorher
called the sralian Corn-flag, that: bearech flowers like the common
red French Corn-flag, but that they are ot a fadder red colour; and
grow on both fides the fall.
They flower in Fune and beginning of F uly ; the Byzantine is 4B
lateft, and che common kittds are the firft. a .
The roots yearly lofe their fibres, and as foon as the flalks are
dry, may be taken upand kept out of ground, untill che cime of fet-
‘420
FLOR A. ee Dokl.
ting Tulips ; they are apt to give many off-fets, and therefore re-
quire to be taken up and every yeer freed from them, and the old
roots fet again five or fix together , that they may make the better
fhew when they are in flower,, the firft isa little tender, and would
be defended from Frofts in Winter,the other are more hardy, and the
common kinds will profper in any place and increafe too much;
CHAP, XkL
Orchis five Satyrium.
He Fly- Orchis,or Bee- flower Satyrions, for variety may be in-
— ~— ferted; althoughthey grow wild if many places, they aré
: received mto Gardens for the beauty of the flowers, efpeci-
ally thofe called
; Mellitia five apiferas
He Bee- ‘sora grows tiot above fix inches high, with three or four
fomething narrow green leaves ; the ftalk bearech three or four
flowers one above another, each containing four leaves; three of
them are {mall and fharp-pointed, ef a bluth-colour, and turn up to-
wards the topof the ftalk; the fourthisround, and in form and co-
four folikeunto a Bee, that any one unacquainted therewith may
takeit for aliving Bee fucking of a flower; the roots areround, two
joyned together ,and after it hath born flowers, one of-them perifheth,
and the other remaineth hard andfound,
Orchis Spegodes.
Nats Satyrion hath leaves fomewhat larger than the Jaft, and the
J ftalk higher; the flowers grow in the fame manner , but differ
in that the lower leafis in this like a Grat, or great long Fly, the roots
like thofe of the Bee-flower, | , 3
Orchis Myodes.
FY Orches isin alt things like the laft, except the flowers, which of
this are fmaller thameither of the former, and the lower leaf like
a Fly with leggs, a lift of Afh-colour crofsing theback, and the
lower part black, There are many other varieties of Orchis and Sa-
tyrions, fome bearing pretty flowers, as the male and female handed
Satyrions, che Butter-fly orchis, the {rew-white , the all-red , the
yellow, and divers that are fpotted, all which are found wild in divers
places of the South and Welt parts of England,
The time of their flowering is commonly about the middle of May.
a ; They
-
Chap. XXII." eds ORs ee
They are u(ually diged up where they are found, wicha turf about
them, which may be fet in fome fhady barren place of the Garden,
for they will norlive at allin ahor goodfoil; but the beft way to
Plant them , is, firft to make choice of a place in the Garden fit for
- them ; then digg up a broad thick turf in fome Meadow, or other
place where they naturally grow, then open 4 hole and fet the turf
therein, with the grafs upwards, wherein with a knife cut reund holes, —
~ gakitig out the pieces fo rounded, and put the roots in the places, and
and fill chem up with fome of the fame earth; this may bedone in
Sune or Fuly, and at the Spring when the grafs and flowers grow up
together; with a pair of Scifers cut the grafs low,and leave the flowers,
which by this means will profper and bear as well asin their natural
habitations, as Ihave experienced,.
Deris Caninus:
Deiat: Or Dogs-tooth Violet , is akind of Satyrion, as the
potted leaves and roots do maniteft, but of greater beauty
and farity than any of the former that grow wild with us, as thefé
do alfo indivers places of staly, Germany, and France, and for thé
beaucy of their flowers deferve to be planted in the beft Gardens,
: Dens Caninus flore albo:
D% s-tooth with a white flower comes up inthe Spring with two.
are when it will flower, otherwife but one, which come out
of the ground clofed together with the flower between them , which
opening lay themfelves flat oa the sround, the ftalk and flower
ftanding up between them the leaves are of whitifh green colour,
long and narrow, but broadeft in the middle, {potted and ftriped with
white lines and {pots 5 the ftalk is about halt a foot high, bearing at
the top one flower, hanging down the head , containing fix narrow
long white leaves, which turn up again to the ftalk like to the fowers
of Cyclamen, in the middle of the flower there is a white three-for-
ked ftile compaffed about with fix chives tipt with fad purple pen-
dents; the root is long and white like a Doggs-tooth y from whence it
is fo called, with a {mall peece joyned to the bottom thereof,
Dens Caninws flore purpurafcente.
De" with a pale purple flower is \effer in all the parts there-
of than the former, the leaves are broader, but fhorter,fpotted
arid marked with darker lines and {pots ; the flower is like that of the
other, but fmaller and of a pale purple colour,
Dens Caninus flore rubro.
| Doss tot with aved flower hath leaves of yellowith green mealy-
colour, {potted with red; the flower is of a deep reddifh purple
colour, and the chives more purple a thofe of thelaft,.. cise
ges , Dem
124
F ‘s 0 R A: ‘ Book I.
Dens Caninus flore luteo.
Dest with a yellow flower differeth from the firft, in that
the leaves of this are fadder and browner, and the flowerof a
fine pale yellow colour, in other things agteeing,
Thefe pretty flowers come forth in the end of March, or beginning
of april; they do not affect adunged foil, but muft be planted in good
freth earth about the middle of Auguft, before they put torth new
fibres ; for although they lofe the old every year , yet they quickly
recover new, and theretore muft not be kept long out of ground,
and when they are fet, it will be convenient to cover the place with
fome pot or tub,to defend them from wet,untill they have put forth
fibres and begin to get ftrength, which will be within a fortnight if
they be fet at the fore-mentioned time, and then all danger is paft, for
too much rain falling upon them prefently after they are fer, will be
apttorot and {poil them; thefe roots do feldom increafe with us,
but many of them are yearly brought over out of Franceand Flan- |
ders, by fuch that make a Trade of telling flowers, whereof there are
many now about Londoa, but commonly they come over fo late that
not one inten of them will grow, :
PeeOR preci <ais Thee *y:
aioe ESS78 ditches cs Cyclamen. REIS 2p
yes eee Ow-bread, in the {potting and marking of the green
leaves , and turning back of che flowers, fomewhat
Cyclamen Vernum flore pur pureo.
PI We purple Cyclamen of the Spring hatha (aller soot than may
iT of thofe that follow, round and flat like a Turnip, and almoft
~ black onthe outfide, from whence fpringeth up divers round-corner-
ed and fharp-pointed green leaves , en am circled with white —
round about the middle on the upper fide, and red underneath; the
owers come up folded in the leaves, every one upona finalllong
ftall, Mangia wn their heads and turning up the leaves again,com-
pofed of five natrow long leaves, which in this are of a bright fhi-
e ning
Chap. XXII. 7 PL.O.R A |
ning reddi(fi purple colour sand fweetfcent ; after the flowers aré paft,
the head or feed-veffel thrinketh down , windirig the ftalk in a {crow
about it, and refteth on the ground hid under the leaves, where it
sroweth great and round , containing fome fall feeds, There is
one of this kind that flowereth about Chriftmas , if not hindred by
hard Frofts,
“a Cyclanien Vernum flore albo.
T% white Cyclamen of the Spring differeth from thé former , id
that the leaves of thisare rounder, and not fo much indented,
and the flowers faow-white ; in {cent far fveeter than the former, int
all other things agreeing, ey
Cyclamen Vernuin Creticuni fiore albo.
at white Candy Cyclamen of the Spring differeth from the laft, in
that the green leaves are larger, longer, more indented,and emi-
nently marked, the flowers longer, and the leaves of them broader,in
all other parts agreeing with the former. 3 7
Cyclamen Antiochenum flore amplo albo diiplici Vernale.
TT double white Spring C slamen of Antioch hath large long fpot-
red leaves, and tall ftalks; with large double white flowers, con-
fifting of twelve leaves or more,
Cyclamen Vernuin flare pirpurafcente.
Li Bes pale purple Cyclamen of the Spring is very like that of Candj,
A pac thatthe green leaves are broader and better wintkad, ele
flowers larger , and of a fine pale purple towards the points of the
leaves, the reft deeper; in all other things agreeing with the white of
Candy, andis a diverfity raifed from the feeds thereof, 50:
9.013 ¥ Cyclamen Asfltvuns
ee Sommer Cyclamen hath round green leaves, fomewhat corners
--ed.and marked with white onthe upper fide; and dark red un-
derneath; the flowers are fmall, purple, and {weet like unto the fii ft
purple of the Spring, oe |
~ Gyclamen' Romanum.
5 He Roman Cyclamen hath rounder leaves than the laft, fometimes
A. indented-at theedges, and eminently marked about the middle
with white fpots; the flowers {pring up before the leaves, commonly
about Fly, which are (hore and. of a fairreddifhpurple colour , the
root is bigget than any of the former, and the feeds being fowed,
bring forth: varieties, differing in se marking of the grees ae)
143
144
aiid ia the fize aad colour of the flowers, fome being bigger tha
others, and of a deeper or lighter reddifh purple colour, ot
Cyclamen Eledera folio autumnale.
TH Iwy-leaved Cyclamen of Autumn britigeth forth the flowers
before the leaves, like thofe of the Jaft, but that they are longer
and of a paler purplifh colour, the green leaves are longer alfo , poin-
ted at the ends; with one or two corners at the fides , and commonly
very much fpotted, and marked on the upper fide ; the feeds of this
bring varieties like that of the Romas,
Cyclamen Heder folio flore albo,
Gos white Ivie-leaved Cyclamen differeth from the laft, ia that the
leaves are rounder, and the flower white,
Cyclamen autumnale anguftifolium.
[He narrow-leaved Cyclamen differeth from all the reft, it» that the:
leaves arelong and narrow, fet on the ftalk at the bottome
with two points like an arrow head, as in that of Arum ; the flowers
are like the former, in one purple, and in another white,
Cyclamen Antiochenum flove duplici.
He double- flowred Cyclamen of Antioch hath round leaves, fome-
thing like that of Somer, with four corners, and more {potted
with white, the flowers are much bigger than thofe of any of the for-
mer, having each of them ten or twelve leaves of the fame reddifh
purple colour that is inthe firft purple of the Spring, ora litrle paler
towards the points ofthe leaves, and deeper at the bottom, flows
ring in Autumn ; there is another Cyclamen of Antioch that brings
forth double fnow-white flowers, and many others that bear fingle
flowers, both of the Spring, and alfoof Autumn, which are called of
Antiech, but rare to be found in our Englifh Gardens, efpecially thofe
with double flowers,
.
flowers with the green leaves im April, or the beginning of May, that
of Somer in une, or the beginning of Fuly, thofeof Autumn come
forth before the leaves, fome in the end of Auguff,many in September,
and the reft in the beginning of october. | |
Thofe chat are mentioned to be of the Spring, bring forth their
Fi } except that of Somer, and the Roman, which muft be fooner
forth buds for flowers ; they rarely increa(e
commonly raifed out of feeds, which mut be
°
— Chap. XXL. SPORE LS es
light earch, and at firft covered a finger thick, afterwards when they
are come up, and the fall green leaves dried down,fome more of the -
fame earth may be putupon them ; the firtt Winter after the fowing
they mutt be honfed, or covered; to defend them from froft, efpecial-
ly thofe of the Spring , afterwards they will be ftrong enough to de-
fend themfelves ; two yearsafter the fowing they may be tran{plan-
ted and fet about nine inches diftant from each other, where if the
foil be good, they will quickly come to bear flowers, and perhaps
fome new yarieties, differing in fize, colour; or marking of the greeii
leaves; from all thofe hefore abferved; . :
—
CHAP,,. Xx...
Anemone. |
a Se 1: Wind- flower, ot-Anemeve,by which naine it is ge-
Ad Nee) acrally received and known, for the idasepral
form, richnefs of colour, aad exeellency of varie:
ty, next to the Tulips; deferveth to be efteemed ;
there are chiefly two kinds thereof, both bringing
forth many diverfities of delicate flowers, as well
— === doubles fingle ; the firft by us iscalled Avemepne
latifolia, che Anemane with broad leaves, the ocher Anemone tenmi-
folia, the Anemone with narrow leaves, and by the Weloopes about
London (that bring them over out of Fraace and Flanders to fell)
Hard leaf, and Soft leaf. There are fame wild kinds that have been
ranked with thefe, as the Palfatiaes, the wood Amempues, and fame
others nee worth the meationing, all which for the uaworchinefs
are excluded our of this colledtian, haying fo many varieties ef the
two nobler kinds to acquaint you wich all; we will therefore begin
with the /atifolias, thofe with broad leaves, and fo proceed to the
tenuifolias, thofe of the other kind wich narrow leaves, and having
given you plentiful variety of double flowers, we fhall fay fome-
thing of hole with fingle howerss from whofe feeds\many fine vg-
rieties are raifed, ome with doubles though more with fingle flowers,
iy Great viey> bas tolgn galiss! BT : L3 2 et
5», o Anenions latifolia wulgaris maxima verficalor,
T He common great double variable broad-leaved Anemoue cometh
up before Winter, with many fomething broad leaves; cut in on
the fides and folding the edges, feldomelying {moorh and plain, of
a frefher green colour than many of thofe that follow, and a little
hard in handling, as all this. kind are; and therefore by fome called
Hard-leat ; fiom among thefe leayes rifeth ap one two. or mare ftalks
for fowers,.aecording sto she age rand bignels af tbe roots, having
about the middle of themfome jaged. leawesy as all the A nemomes
haye sat the top of the ftalks the flowers come forth, which
vn _darge
a
Pe died
Steer
PSUR Z. Ss Book I.
large and double, confifting of many narrow long fharp-pointed —
Jeaves, the out-moft whereof are broadeft and green, with fome
ftripes of Orenge-tawny, the inner leaves are fmaller, lefs ftriped with
green, and the middle leaves being wholly Orenge-tawny,t urning in-
ward, cover the head or button which is ufual in the middle of the
flowers of moft of this kind ; the root is tuberous, large and thick;
of a blackifn colour on the outfide, and yellowifh within : this com-
mon Anemone isby many Gentlewomen, and others as ignorant,
called Robin Hovd, Scarlet and Fohn; and the Spanifh Marigold , there
are two kinds thereof, the flowers of theone being more double and:
lefs green than the other,
Anemone latifolia dittns Pavo mayor.
Se common broad-leaved double {carlet Anemone is in all things
like the laft, except the flower, that of this having but two or
three rows of large round-pointed leaves, which are wholly of a light
{carlet or Orenge-tawny colour, with a whitith circle at the bottom,
and ablackifh hairy head or button in the middle, this and the for-
mer are the moft common and beft known: of all che forts of double
broad-leaved Anemones, . wa oS joes § = 4
Anemone latifolia flore pleno coccineo.
a ae broad-leaved Anemone with a double {carlet Enel hath the
leaves as green, but fmaller than thofe of the former ;. the
flower is thick and double, confifting of many round-pointed narrow
long leaves, which are wholly of a rich fcarlet colour ; there is ano-
ther that beareth double a flowers, the leaves whereot are narrow,
fharp-pointed, and of a lighter fcarlet colour 5 this'is that fort which
is commonly called /uper-rich, and there ts another that beareth
ee fowers almoft as large as the firft, which are of the colour of
red=lead, a | #3
Anemone latifolia flore pleno coccineo variegata.
Meare broad leaved double fearles wiviepated Anemone hath Crna!
_& and fomething brown green leaves; a tallftalk, bearinga gallant
large double flower, of arich {carlet colour, and every leaf thereof
finely ftriped'and varigated: with white:: this far furpaffeth any of
the former, and was brought out of Flanders untous, by thename
Of bell de Paris. ABONS | Suse See
/
ous © Anemone latifolia flore pleno rubro. >
He double broad-leaved red Anemone hath dark green leaves, anda
v& {mall double bloud-red Flower, confifting of many narrow leaves,
of this kind there is another like unto it, only the leayes of the flow-
ers are tipty"andaa little edged with whites aR
) OW Sitio 2TSWON 211) 272i 5) os -) Anemone
*. hey a
a
Chap. XXIII FLORA
-—— Aniemapie latifolia flore pleno purpureo,
He brogd-leaved double purple Anemone hath broader leaves
than thofe of the Jaft, and-of a brownifh green colour; the
flower is fomething larger, and the leaves thereof not fomany, but
broader, of amurrey purple colour; There aredivers forts thatare ©
like unto this, which onely differ in the colour of the flowers , fome
being deeper, and others lighter, andfomeof fo pale a purple, that
by long ftariding before they tall, feem almoft white,
Anemone latifolia flare pleno purpureo variegata.
He double broad leaved purple varigated Anemone chiefly differ-
etl from the former. in the bravery of the flower, which is ve-
ry large, thick, and double, of an excellent reddifh purple colour, and
every leaf thereot [ited about with white, _
Sy
Ia
“There ate divers other varieties of double broad-leaved Anemonies,
that are yearly raifed from the feeds of fome fingle flowers, whereot
there are matly diverfities, differing chiefly from the double kinds, in
char the.greenleaves are fimaller;and the flowers fingle , few of them
efteemed, but fuch as bring the belt feeds; which are fowed ink hope
of raifing mew varieties of double flowers. ©
Anemone latifolia flore fimplict.
B Road-leaved Ancmonies with fingle flowers are of divers forts and
colours, fome bigger, others leffer, taller; or lower; the flowers
are all Giigie, confifting of one Paie-or rowot leaves, with ahairy-
head in the middle: ,,of a colour differing from that of the leaves 5
thee flowers are of divers reds, purple, fearlets; deeper or paler, even
to Pinca: Reach-colour, white, filver or Ath-colour; fomeof the,
belt forts ave kept by Florifts, tor that they bearfeeds trom whenes
diverfities are raifed, and fome double flowers as well as many-fingle,
and of differing colours, both plain and ftripeds) In all thefe fingle
flowers, and fome of thofe Jefs double thaathe laft forts of the
&
double kinds s. the head in the middle, after the flowers are Fallen,
grows bigger andfullef down,imwhich thefeeds are wrapped, which
mutt be carefully gathered as foomas it is ripe,cife it will be all blowen
away with the wind ; they are to be fowed and ordered after the
{ame manner as _thofe with narrow leaves,
+ Anemone tenwifalia vulgarts flove plenarubro.
T He-cormmeon double varrom-lcaved red Anemone hath many win-
ged green leaves, divided intomany feveral branches, each leaf
beine cut and parted into many divifions , {maller and more divided
than thofe of Parfly, and fome ot them like thofe of a Carrct analy 3
which nifeth up, one; two or more fralks, according to the bign
4
.
119
28
tt
‘colour, having in the middle a large thrum of {mall lea
PEOR 4. Book I.
the root, with fome {mall green leaves about the middle of each of
them , and bearing at the top one great double flower » confifting of
fix or feven, and {ometimes more broad outer leaves, of a deep red
ves, of aligh-
terand much paler red colour, out of the middle whereof cometh
many larger and broader leaves,of a lighter red than the onter leaves;
and deeper than thofe of-the thruam , which warmed by the Sun
{pred themfelves over it; the roots are thick and tuberons, fome-
thing refembling fmallrazes of Ginger, of a yellowih brown colour,
and neither fo big nor black as thofeof the other kind with broad
leaves,
Ancnione tenitifolia flore pleno verficolor.
He double narrow-leaved variable Anemone is in all things like
the former, but onely the colour of the flowers , which in this
will fometimes be of a pale blufh-colour, the tops of the leaves al-
moft white, and the bottom Peach-colour, and fometimes the flow-
ers will be red like the former, but ftriped and varigated with pale
blufh, almoft white, and fometimes without any marking at all, }
have often feen all thefe diverfities in this one-kind, all proceeding
_ from the increafe of one root; and this is chat which is called the
Aple-bloffom, ox Packingtons Anemone.
~ Anemone tenusfolia elegantior flore pleno rubro.
LL. emore elegant double narrow-leaved Anemone with a red flower
_® ~ hathnarrower and more divided green leaves than thofe of thie
former, the ftalls longer, and the outer leaves of the flower more in
number, and fharper pointed, of a good crimfon colour; the thrum
in the middle thereof is of a palered, and the tuft of {mall long leaves -
that cometh out of the middle of the thrum,is very large,and { pread-
eth almoft quite over the flower, ofa lighter crimfon than that of the ©
outer leaves, and deeperthan that of the thrum ; Many times two
flowers will be joyned together on one ftalk , Which hapneth more ©
at this kind thanin any other; the root is not fo big and
thick as that of the common red, but flatter and more {preading than
its all thereft chat are to follow, do either refemble that ot this, and
the chiefeft difference being in the flowers » thefe two general de-
{criptions may ferve for all tofpare unneceffary repetition,
_ Anemone tenuifolia floré pleno coccineo.
He donble narrow-leaved Scarlet Anemone, is like the lat , bur
that the ftalks grow not fo high, and the flowers fomething
fimaller, whichare thick and double, and of an excellent rich Scar-
Rt-colour, and therefore ufually called racarnadine de Paine 3
Sera sas | Anemone
MAXX. ye PID R A
Anemone tenuifolia flore pleno coccineo variegata,
He double Scarlet variegated narrow-leaved Anemone isin all things
* = éilikethelaft, but oe in the colour of the flower, which in
this is of the fame Scarlet colour with the former, finely ftriped and
marked with white, the thrum feeming to be almoft ail white, and
fometimes fome broader leaves will come out of the middle thereot,
of a bright Scarlet ftriped with white, like unto the outer leaves,
Anemone tenuifolia lore pleno coma f{earlata.
"LHe double narraw-leaved Anemone with a Scarlet thrum dif-
> fereth from the laft, in chat che outer leaves are white, and the
thrum Scarlet;
Aneinone ténuifolia flore pleno ditta Nacard. |
He double narrow-leaved Anemone called Na rare is like unto the
Scarlet, onely the flower is of a deeper and yellower Scarlet
colour, refembling that of the leffer Freach-Marigold, but not fo
deep, atid the chum inclining to an Orenge-colour,
Anemone flore pleno Sulphureos
3 Bg double Brimfton-coloured narrow-leaved Anemone differeth
4 trom the laft, in that the outer leaves of the flower are of pale
greenifh yellow colour, like unto Brimfton, and the thrum more
green, .
Anemone tenuifolia flore pleno viridante.
TX narrow-leaved double green Anemone is like the laft, but that
. the outer leaves are of a greenifh Orenge-tawny-colour , and
the middle thrum of ayellowith green,
Anemone tenuifolia flore plene albo miajor.
He greater white narrow-leaved double Anemone \ittle differeth
either in the green leaves, or fafhion of the flower, from the for-
mer, being as large and double asany of them, and of amilk-white
colour, There is another that bearetha {mall double fnow-white
flower, having fix outer leaves,and athrum in the middle , made of
fmall-hairy leaves, ftanding even at che top, as if they had beeri
clipt with a pair of Scifers,
T Anemone
136
FLORA Book L
Anemone tenuifolia flore pleno maxima albo.
{ose greatest double narrow-leaved white Anemone, called the white
of Burdeaux, is in fafhion like the firft, but much larger and
fairer, and of a pure white colour,
Anemone tenuifolia flore pleno Colombina.
THe narrow-leaved double blufh Anemone, called Colombina, hath a
4% larger flower than any of the former, the ourer leaves being |
long and broad; the thrum compofed of fhort narrow leaves, putting
forth agreat tuft of longer and broader leaves, which fpread over the
flowers, almoft to the points of the outer leaves; the whole flower is
of a bluth, or flefh-colour, like unto the colour which is ufually
found in the flowers of the Colombine, from whence it is fo called,
Anemone tenuifolta flore pleno Rofeo.
Fr He double warrow-leaved Rofe-coloured Anemone hath {maller
A flowers than the laft, but very thick and double, of a more liye:
ly colour, like that of a new blown Damask Rofe,
Anemone tenuifolia flore pleno Rofeo variegata.
PI” He narrow-leaved double warieg ated Rofe-coloured Anemone onely
4” differeth from the laft , in that the flower of this is ftriped and
was eRe 1 tia J AVL
Anemone tenyifolia flore pleno rubicante maculato.
He narrow-leaved double {potted blufh Anemone rifeth up with a
tall ftalk, bearing a large flower, the outer leaves whereof are
almoft white, marked with {mall reddith {pots and marks, efpecially
on the outer fide, the thrum is largeand thick , compofed of many
narrow long fharp-pointed leaves, of a reddith or Peach-colour, pow-
dered with {mall fpecks of a deeper red colours this is called by thofe
that brought it out of Flandérs, the perfect Curtizan, There is ano-
ther litle differing from this, either in colours or manner of growing,
~ called paffe Albertine,
Anemone tenuifolia flare pleno purpureo.
[He aarrow-leaved double purple Anemone cometh up with green
* leaves commonly before Winter, and many times with flowers,
and therefore for the prevention of fach forwardnefs, we keep the
roots out of ground and not fet them untill November, which caufeth
them to bear the fairer fowers at the Spring following, which are
very large, thick and double, of a dark fullen violet purple colour,
Anemone .
~
Chap. XX. > & BLOR A
Anemone fenuifolia flore pleno Lavendula colore.
ee narrow-leaved donble Lavender-coloured Anemone is in al
things like the laft, the flower is leffer, and of a pale heavy blew
colour, like unto the flowers of Lavender, there is another of this
fore that isRriped with white, éfpecially the outer leaves of tlie
flower, -
Anemone tenuifal ia flore pleno caeruleo.
Pe ree leaves double blew Anemone is in fafhion like the laft,
onely differirig in the colour of the flower, which in this is of
4 fine bright blew colour; more pleafant to behold than any ‘of
‘the purples; ;
Anemone tennifolia flore pleno cortta parpurco.
He narrow-leaved Anemone with the purple thrum, commonly
called perfect in beauty, differeth chiefly from the other purples
in the colour of the flower, the outer leaves of this being white, and
the thrum or pluth, asfome callit, purple,
Anemone tenuifolia flore pleno coma Amarantina.
Ses » narroiv-leaved double Anemone with the dark purple thram,
called Amarant, hath as broad green leaves as the firft common
red,and the flower is of the fame fathion, the outer leaves of fuch a red
‘colour, and the middle thrum of a dark-murrey purple colour, like
the flowers of the leffer Azaranthus purpureus,and therefore called the
Amarant Anemone , fometimes there willcome a tuft of bright red
leaves out of the middle ef the purple thrum , and then fome have
called fuch fowers Amaranthus tricolor, as if it were a diftiné kinde,
which in fome years happeneth in moft flowers; and in others few
- ornone,
Anemone tenuifolia flore pleno coma Amarantina variegata:-_
TX double narrow-leaved variegated Amarant Anemone is in all
things like the laft, onely the outer leaves, and thofe that come
out of the middle of the purple thrum, are variegated with white,
‘much fairer in fome years than in others. There are two forts of this
flower, one faid to be of Paris, and the other of Flanders, but that
of Parisis the berter, being more conftantly marked , and more di-
ftinétly than the other. 3 :
Anemone tenuifolia flore pleno quinque coloris.:
-leaved Anemone of five colours is like thé Ama-
he ftalk is tallersand the flower larger, theourer
T 2 : oe teaves
“THe double narrow
“A rant, but that t
: 434
i
mo eB EERE FZ Book I
leaves thereof are red, the thrum of a deeper murrey-purple, out of the
middle whereof cometh ofe.or two rows of leaves, of a light crim-
fon colour from the ends half way, thereft pale yellow; in the mid-
dle of thefe leaves there is afmall mitt of fhorter leaves, which are of
a pale filver colour, fo the fiye colours are, red, being thar.of ghe
outer leaves, purplethat of therhrum,crimfon rhe tops of the leaves
that.come out of it, yellow the other part of them, andthe {mall
tuft in the middle filver colour ; this isan uncertain flower, and. fel-
dom cometh well, —
Anemone tenuifolia ditta Bel-Lizwaire.
6 ts noble double Anemone hath fair large howers; of a dark pur-
_ & plithcolour, finely ftriped with white; che roots are render,and
apt to perifh, unlefs the foil be very ST , as all the orhernar- _
row-leaved ftriped Amemowes are, there is another like unto this
called Rigat Polemburg.
Anemone tennifolia diéta Bel Rigat.
Hisis a fair lar cand double flower, of an excellent crimfon co-
4 Jour, and well fttiped and marked with white,
T here are divers other for tsof double narrow-leaved dmemones : se
Orlata vera,Cagetan, il Diavolo, il Diavoleffo, and feveral others thae
ae variegated, bur moft of thofe variegated kinds are fo nice qandten- —
der that few cam keep them from perifhing. TE
~ ‘There are alfo divers forts of rare Halian Anemones, a3 The Dat-
ches, which hath alarge flower, finely ftriped with pale Rofe-colowr
upon white,
Mellidore is Gold yellow within the leaves, and red withour, |
Mariana is Pink colour, and graydeline ftriped,
Larviana is fleth-colour near 7 [abella.
St. Marke is Brick-calour, or brown red, ftriped with fad white,
‘ The Extravagant, Cateana, Galatea, and at leaft fifty other forts ‘
ul rare flowers, : | Bb ss
_ Anemone tenuifolia flore famplica.
"L iefagle narrow-leaved Anemones are of 2 greater variety, rarity
and efteem, than the Latifoliaes : formerly we had yery tew of
thefe flowers, and thofe of little worth, but now of late years we are
become owners of many diverfities, of divers colours,both plain, ed-
with white, fo that abed fer fomething thick
ay : , With
-
(Chap. XXTIL : : FF A, OR A.
awith:the-feveral.varieties 6f chéfe'Flowers, mdikes'a oallatic thew, for
theinftalks are‘tallyand bear plentifully fair Jarge'Flowers, comuion-
Ayeconfitting 6f onc row or'pale of broad leaves, ‘witha haity ‘head, ‘or
tbuttonin themiddle, which after the Flowers are: pat “grows ‘biz
and ‘long, yielding ftore of finall Flat brown: feeds, ‘wra ped ‘in down’;
the green leaves are larger, grow ranker, and are more in tumiber
than thofe of the double kinds; the roots much bigger, and aptet
10 increafe; and!befides the rf Varieties of reds, fearlers, ‘pur les;
‘whites, Peach, and Rofe-colonrs, both plain and matked shhhiee
ithereare fi me« hers raifed from -the ‘feeds of thefe that bear gal-
4 dic Foe OG al
olours, as red, fcarler and‘purple;thefe —
either iplainorftriped forts I ‘have ‘feen more refentbling the flow-
cersofithe doubleJatifelias, than'thofe with narrow leaves, for thefe
confift of many fomething broad ‘leaves, having no plufh or thram
iOfleaves, but a fmallihead‘or button in the middle, fome having bitt
‘two rows of leaves, others three, and fome fo thick arid'double; that
the head an stheimiddle'is not to be feen, ‘untill the Flowers fall, and
yet thefe ‘kinds (efpecially the thinner forts) perfe@ t ic feeds, from
which many fine Flowers may be prodticed, thefe are called Herma-
Phrodites, tor that they pattake of both kinds, 2s having the roots
and leaves of the narrow, and the flowers of the double broad-leayed
Anemones, ;
» Alllchele Anemones, both doubleand fingle, bring forth their bea
tiful Flowers commonly in arch, April and May, fooner or later,
according to the State of the Spring, and time of fettinig their
TOOt,
_ In the handling and ordering of the rarer forts of thefe excellent
flowers, fome more thai common care is tobe takeni 5 for if the
foil , fituation, time and manner of planting and taking up; be not
exactly obferved, the Flowers will neither be fair, nor will thé roots
ofper and increafe, but on the contrary rot, and confi ume, e[pecial-
Iyall the beft double kinds with narrow leaves , the ordinary, add
thofe with fingle Flowers are more hardy,
The firtt thing therefore to be confidered, is the foil whereiti
they are to be planted, which muft be fat arid rich, the earth not too
light, arich {andy lome earth is the be(t, wherein fome Neats and
Sheeps dung-with a little lime hath. been tempered, and layen long on
a heap, often turned over; fo that the dung be fully rotted, and well
mixed with che earth, which being firft fifted through a Wyer Sive,
make a bed thereof half a yard deep at the leaft, in fome place that
js not too hot in the Sun, but fomething fhadowed . then about the
end of September , placé the roots of thof€ Anemenes with broxd
leaves thevein, fix or eight inches afunder, and three fingers deep in
the ground, fetting that fide upward where you perceive {mall emi-
nences to put forth leaves; thofe with narrow leaves are tobe hande
led in the fame manner, only differing in the time of their fecting, f
thefe muft be kept out of the ground in fome dry place untill the
133
134
hes felt bring feeds, thericheft fcarlets, pale
commended by Ferargus, are chiefly to be preferred, .
PLOR A ~~ Book 1.
of odtober, and the-purples a moneth longer, and ther fet in the
fame manner as the others ; thofe with broad leaves ‘will come up
before Winter, and thofe with natrow leaves about the end of Febra-
ary, or fooner it the Winter be mild, in Marchand April, if thefeafon
be dry, they muft be watered, which will caufe them to thrive much
the better, and to bear the fairer flowers,
~ Tfyou find they like their entertainment, grow ftrong, bear fait
flowers on tall ftalks, and profper well, you may forbear to take up
their roots untill the end of Fune or Fuly, but on the contrary, if
the green leaves are few, the flowers (mall, and ftalks fhort, it is a
manifeft fign of their diflike, and that the foil is either too cold and
poor, or elfe too hot and rank, which is far more dangerous ; in this
cafe they muft be taken up as foon as the green leaves turn yellow.
the roots put into fand, and fo kept in fome dry place for a moneth
at the leaft, and then taken out, and kept in papers in fome cool dry
place, until the time of planting, for fhould the roots remain in the —
round any timeafter they have loft their fibres, the earth be-
ing over-hot, they would all, or moft of them rot and confume
away, efpecially ifany ftore of rain fall upon them; in the taking
ap of theif roots, care muft be had that they be not broken, e{pecial-
ly thofe with broad leaves, which muft not be divided nor broken,
untilthey part of themfelves, thofe of the other kind with narrow
Jeaves may be broken or parted. with lefs prejudice, buc the wholer
they are kepr, the better they will thrive; and although the times
before mentioned be beft for the planting and fetting the roots of
~ both kinds of thefe rare flowers, yet the more ordinary kinds may be
kept out of the pow until theend of February, which fome ufe
to-doto caufe them to.flower late after others are gone ; in this
practife it will be neceflary to fteep the roots four’and twenty hours
before you fet them in warm water, and toplant them with fome
Willow earth under and over them, and ina more fhady place than
ordinary, elfe the heat of the Sun in the time of their flowring, will -
much diminifh their beauty ; fo if you have two beds ftored with
choice varieties of Anemonies, that fet laft more fhaded than the
firft, and the fore-mentioned rules obferved, you will befure to en-
joy the delight-of their delicate flowers part of March, all April, and
the greateft part of May, unlefs your Garden ftand infome {moky
place, where neither art nor induftry will caufe them to profper,
unlefs fet ina hot bed in Famuary, as fome about Londoz ule to doe,
“Now for the raifing of new varieties of Asemones from feeds,
choice muft be made of the Flowers, as in Tulips, fome of the double
T eaeples. pink, white,
and sky-colours are the@eft: but in the fingle Tenwifelias there is _
more choice, as red, and fcarlets with deep white edges, all that are _
variegated or ftriped with white, and in thefe the deepeft velvet pur-
ples are the beft ; but aboveall others thofe that have two or three
rowes of leaves, and that excellent velvet fingle blew, defcribed and
The
ras!
Chap. XXII. LFLORA
The feeds of thefe flowers will be ready to gather in May, which
mutt be done as the down rifeth, elfe they will be blown away ; and
having gathered all your feeds, ftay not as fome direé to fow them
untill Augu/t, but letit be done by the middle of Fu/y at the fur-
theft, and be fure the earth in which you fow them be good, and.
finely fifted, be it in beds or boxes, which your beft feeds will
deferve,
To feparate the feeds that hang in the down, you muft take earth
that is very dry and fine, in quantity according to the feeds you in-
tend tofow, put it ina Bowl, Trey, or Bafon, and mingle the feeds
therewith, then ftir and divide them with your fingers untill none of
the white down appear; fow them not too thin, for fome will fail to
come up ; laftly, cover them half a fingers thicknefs with fine rich
earth,and fo ler them remain untill about a moneth after their {pring-
ing, then ftrow over them a fingers thicknefs more of like earth,
and fo leave chem until Winter begins, at which time they muft be
covered with peafe-ftraw,laid upon fticks, that it touch not the earth,
to prevent the frofts and cold nipping air, but from the time of fow-
ing to the fecond covering with earth, you muft not neglect often
gently to water them,
The next year after their fowing, in anaes they may be taken
up, and fet again in rowés at convenient iftance, where they may
remain until youfee what flowers they will bear, and then difpofe
them as they fhall deferve: fome report they have had Anemones
bear flowers the next, others the fecond year from the fowing, but I
can expect few or none that are good betore the third, and many will
not bear untill the fourth year ; but the agreeable goodnefs of the
earth and air for bringing them forward is moft confiderable, there-
_ forebe fure to make it as rich and good as you can, but take heed of
too much dung. ;
If the earth of your bed, wherein you would fet your belt Anemo-
nes, be either too ftiff clay, or too light fand, it muft be compoun-
ded, Clay with brook fand, and pearl fand, with good frefh fat earth
raken next under the Turf of fome good pafture, well mixed toge-
ther with fomelime, and old Neats dung rotted to earth; which
compofition mutt be finely fifted before ufed 5 ‘with this earth fo pre-
pared makea bed halfa yard deep, and therein fet your roots, which
will profper and bear the betcer ; if at any feafon offerting them,
you put a little Willow earth under and over the roots, it will caufe
ther foon to put forth fibres, and thereby able to abide the Winters
yet in froft and hard weather, it will be good to cover them that are
come up with mats or peafe-ftraw, which take off for two or three
hours, every other day, (if fair) to give the bed air, and prevent
mouldinefs, which hath been the deftruction of many a fine plant,
CHAP.
r
136
é FLOR A. i Book I.
i sept SP
re wd Bc, i : ne Seni 5. a
CHAP. xxIV,
Ranunculus.
ME tte Crow-foot is of divers kinds, and many of them not
WAS fic for our purpofe, we will therefore make choice
wa é of fuch onely as bear the faireft fowers ; and firft be-
-gin-with fuch as have grumous or kernelly roots,
wm which may be taken upand kept dry, as wellas thofe
of Anemones; and then conclude with fome others of another
nature,
Ranunculus Creticus albus.
oy He double white Ranunculus, or Crow-foot of Candy, cometh up
with leaves fomething broad; and indented about the edges,
fome of them more cutand divided than others, of a pale green co-
lour full of white {pots ; the ftalk rifeth about a foot high, with
fome fmaller, and more divided leaves thereon; parted at the
top into two or three branches, each bearing a fair white flower ; the
root is grumous or kernelly , having many grains bigger than thofe —
of Wheat faftened to one head, of a fad brewn colour on the outer fide;
of this kind there are three other forts that bear fingle flowers, one all
white, another with purple, anda third, with bright red edges.
Ranunculus Creticus flore argenteo.
ud He Cloth of filver Crow-foot of Candy hath {maller leaves than
the laft , the ftalk bigger, and branched, bearing at the ends
thereof fingle flowers , leffer than thofe of the former, containing
feven or eight round-pointed leaves, of apale yellowith bluth colour
on the infides, a little ftriped , but more on the oucfide with crimfons
the root is grumouslike that of the former,
Ranunculus Afiaticus flore pleno luteo.
a He double yeHow Ranunculus of Afia cometh up with many green
i leaves, cut and divided like thofe of a Carret, from whence
rife many {mall upright ftalks, each bearing at the top one fmall
double flower, of a thinning yellow colour; the root compofed of
many thick fat grains, faftened toa head of a whitecolour, There
is another of this kind that hath bigger green leaves, and larger double
flowers, of a more pale yellow colour, and wehave a third onely
differing in that the flowers are fingle,
RAnun-
Lb ae Anita
_- quaincance, the former called ,
fharp-pointed ;
Chap. X XVI. F-Li0°R: 4.
Ranunculus Aftaticus flore pleno rubro.
on double red Ranunculus of Afia hath the lower leaves plainand
not cut, alittle indented at the edges, the reft of the leaves are
parted into three or five divifions, and notched about the edges; the
ftalk rifeth almoft a foot high, bearing at the top thereof one fair and
fomething large double flower, containing many round-pointed
leaves, fet in fix or more rows one within another, and of fair yel-
lowith red or Scarlet colour in fome ftrong Plants; when the flower
is almoft paft, another {mall double flower will rife out of the mid-
dle thereof; the root is grumous like thofe of Candy, but leffer, and
the grains longer, : ,
There are now feveral other nobler forts of Ranunculus of Afia,
with gallant double Howers, much excelling this old kind defcribed,
the which we will infert under thofe names they are received, diftin-
guifhed and known by, placing them in order according to ebei atfi-
nity with each other, beginning with that fine variety of our old ac-
Bozvell or Plumafhe, this is in all things like the firft old kind, on-
ly every leafof thedouble flower is finely ftriped with pale yellow,
of which there are two forts, onefaidtobeof Pars, the other and
better of Flanders;
“5 Piani{co chiefly differs from the laft , inthat the flower is a divele
double, and of a bloody red colour,
Sang de Beuf differs from the laft; in that the flower is more thick
and double, and at firft feemeth to have fimall lines of yellow in
every leaf thereof, bue when full blown, it is of the colour of
Bulls blood, 3 fies 3 ae
The Monfter, or Gyant Ranwaculns , hath thicker, rougher, and
" prowner green leaves than any of the former., the ftalks bigger and
branched, each bearing a fair double Scarlet flower , but that on the
chiefeft ftalk, is as big and more double , than the faireft Marigold;
which im fhape it much refembleth, only the {mall leaves of thisiare
there is one of this for: whofe flowersare leffer, and
alittle ftriped with yellow, |
The great Monfter of Rome is bigger. in all the parts than either 6f
the laft, the flowers are larger; the leaves broader, very thick and
double, forming a moft gallant rich Scarlet- flower,
3 puvoine of Rome hath the broad and thick pale,green leaves ma-
culated with white, the flowers large, thick and double , with broad
round-pointedleaves, which ftand out in the middle, different from
" the Monflers, and ofa deep pinout ; of this kind there is ane
- - ther
iF
138
\
FLOR A. Book F
ther moté rate, which onely differeth, in that every leaf of the brave
double flower is lifted about with yellow. ,
Marvelia hath fach like greeit leaves as the laft , the flowers differ,
in that thofe of this are not fo double, the leaves long and narrower,
varied and marbled with a deeper and lighter Scarlet.
Ranunculus Afiaticus flore famplici diver forum colorum.
BS hee of Afia with fingle flowers are of divers forts and co-
AX. fours, which chiefly differ from the firft double red in the flow-
ers,. which commonly are compofed of five fomething broad leaves,
witha thrummy head in the middle, much refembling a fingle Ane-
monie, \nfome the flowers are red, fome yellow, deeper or lighter ;
and others fpotted and ftriped about the edges with red, with feveral
other pretty varieties, act of plain and mixed colours; and we have
one of the Gyants race which beareth on a branched ftalk three or
four fingle flowers , confifting of feven broad round-pointed leaves,
of agreenifh pale yellow at firft, after milk-white, the leaves {pot-
ted and tipt with reddifh purple , and another more rare, called the
Archducal Ranunculus, which hath the fingle flower finely marked
with three good colours,
Thefefeveral forts of Ranunculus are pretty flowers, and many
of them worthy of efteem, efpecially the double kinds ; they bring
forth their beautiful flowers in ApriJand May, which continue a long
time before they fall,
_ The roots of thofe of Candy may be takenup, and kept out of
“Bround in Sand for fome time, but require to be planted in September,
The yellow of Afia is hardy, and will profper well without being ta-
ken up; all the other are nice and tender,and require to be planted in
rich fandy and ranker earch chan that dire@ted for Awemones;the roots
are every year to be taken up about. Mid /ommer well dryed and kept in
Papers or Boxes, as Amemones, bntill {uch time they are to be fet, for
if they be left in the ground, or fet toofoon, they will come up be-
forethe great Frofts, which (unlefs carefully covered) will deftroy
them, lufe to fet chem towards theend of December , and in warm
and early grounds, Fanuary isfoon enough, the roots may be par-
ted and fer feverally fix inches afunder , in rows, three fingers deep
where if the foil be agreeable, they will come up in March,and about
the beginning of May bring forth gallant flowers, and much increafe
by roots, andalthough Razwaculus requirea ranker and more fand
earth than Anemones, yet it may be over rank; if you fufpect it to
be fo, when you fet your roots, take off fomeof the earth, and in
the place thereof,cover the bed about an inch thick all over with good ©
frefh earth, takennexc under the turf of fome good Pafture, finely
fifted, and if wo ftiff, mingle ic with fine brook fand; place the
roots thereon , then cover them with a little of thefame earth, and
laftly finith your covering with that earth you took off yourbed, fo
; that
*
Chap, XX. . oid MOIR A. | ae 139
that the roots may be three inches under ground; fome fet their
Anemones and Ranunculus in the end of September, and affoon as they
come up, fhelter them with fupported Mats , which mutt (for an hour
every fair day) be taken off to airthebed, and prevent moildinefs;
for if they betiot carefully defended from hard Frofts and Snows, it
will foon kill chem all, therefore to avoid fuch trouble and danger of:
Jofs, I preferr late fetting, as needing no attendance, or ever failing
toanfwer my expectation;
In March and April, when they are comeup ; and begin torife to
flower, they muft be often well watered, forthen they require moi-
fture, too much of which in the Winter deftroys them , fome years
fome of their roots will lye in the ground, and not {pring at all,
which take up and dry with thereft , and they will bear flowers ne-
verthelefs the year following, ;
Unto thefe nobler kinds of Ranunculus, or Crow-foot, fome others
*of our old acquaintance may be joyned; they are now common
muft confefs, yet bear fair flowers, and were they as ftrange and nice —
as fome of the former, they would be more efteemed , thefe being
too familiar to be much affeéted, and kept with fo little care, that
few care for them, and therefore ic will {uffice onely toname them,
and fo conclude this Chapter, |
Ranunculus Anglicis.
ZB Englifh Crow-foot with a grumous reot, commonly called Che-
lidonium minus, or the leffer Pile-wort, differeth not atall from
that common weed which grows in every hedge, with fingle thinning
‘ellow flowers, but onely that the flowers of this are thick and
_ double; this Plant Ifound wild many years fince,; and fetting it in
my Garden, it much increafed, fo that I gave many roots thereof to
divers about London and other places; andam confident that moft of
the Plants that are in England ; came from that one root which I
found , for I could ‘never hear of any other that found it wild in
any place,
Ranunculus albus flore pleno.
“Ete double white ah he hath large leaves cut into fine divifions;
| and notehed abont the edges, of a frefh green colour on the up-
per fide, and pale underneath, full of ribs and veins ; the ftalk about
half ayard high, divided into feveral branches, bearing many {mall
but very double fine white flowers; theroot is compofedof many
thick, long whitifh ftrings, faftened to a fomething big head,
Caltha Paluftris flore pleno.
Te double Marfh-Marigold is no, other than that we commonly :
A call the water- Boot,fo plentiful in ie erounds,onely the aewes
3 2 of
140
Po SRA. Book I. -
of this are thick and double, of an excellent Gold Yellow colour 5
the roots are ftringy, and profper well in Gardens; thereare three
other forts of double yellow Crow-foor, common in our Country,
as that with the round root, called the Batchelors button , the com-
mon running Crow-foot with double flowers, and the {mall double
flowered Grafs Crow-foot,
The Pile-wort flowereth in March, and will grow any where, and
increafe too faft, thedouble white Crow-foot , and Marfh- Marigold,
flower in April, and fet in good ground will continue many years un-
removed, and yield increafe from the roots, which are to be plan-
tedin Autumn in a moift place, and fomething out. of the {cor-
ching Sun, |
CHAP. XXy.
Aconitum.
EOS Olfe-bane is of divers kinds, yet there is but one fit for.
P our purpofe, which with the Radix Cava, or Hollow,
2 root, give me leave to place in one Chapter, and firft of
Gee of the Aconite,
Aconitum Flyemale.
“te winter Wolf-bane rifeth out of ground commonly in Fanuary,
with round cut green leaves, ftanding on fhort foot-ftalks, and
with them the flowers which are fmall and yellow, made of five
leaves, like a fingle Crow-foot, with yellow threds in the middle ; the
root is thick and tuberous, like unto that of the common red nar-_
row-leaved Anemone, but rounder, and lofeth its fibres every year as
the Anemones do,
Aconitum Hlyemale flore pallido.
= Na pale Winter Wolf-bane is in all things like the former , onely
the flowers of this are ofa pale yellow colour,and in fome plants
almoft white, 3
Thefe twoforts of Aconite dobring forth their flowers with the
green leavescommonly in-Fanuary, for which they are onely efteem-
eds the roots may be fet inany of the Sommer months , and in any
place, for they are hardy and will thrive more than better things.
Radix
Chap. XXVI EL OR A
: st adage? Radix Cava.
H ollow-ro0t is 2 Plantas low in growth as reputation, the common
and ordinary arecaftout of every good Garden; and thefe fol-
lowing chiefly retained, |
Radix Cava major flore albo.
1 He white Hollow-root cometh out of the ground about the end of
A March, withgreen leaves like thofe of the Celembine , from
among which , rife up two or three fhort ftalks , naked from the
bottom to the middle, where the flowers come forth one above ano-
ther, every flower having a fhort green leaf at the foot thereof, which
are long and hollow, witha heel behind, like unto the flowers of the
common Larks {pur, with bigger bellies; and the mouthes not fo
- open, being wholly of a pure white colour , the root is big and round,
aid
and hollow underneath, tos aia oe
~ Radix Cava major flore carneo.
“THe blufh-coloured Hollow-root is in all things like the former, but
that the flowers of this are of alight red, or deep bluth-colour,
and fometimes the flowers of fome Plants of this kind will be of a
deep reddifh purple colour, - | ig
-'Thefekinds of Hollow-root come up in the end of March , flower
in April, and are under-ground again in May ; the roots lofe the
fibres , and may be keps out of the ground two or three moneths;
they are apt to increafe, and will like inany foil, but beft in thae
‘which is inclining to fand, fo as they ftand not too hot in the Sua;
5 ao 5 oe “4 oe .
CHAP, XXVI
, Hepatica Nobilis.
oble Liver-wort is of two forts, the one bearing fingle,
and the other double flowers the firft are now little
<
MI
“abe
ous, but the double kinds more refpected, and fome
ab of them accounted very rare, we will begin with
that beft known, 7
Hepatica Nobilis lore pleno purpureo.
411 ¢ donble purple Hepatica cometh up before the leaves, with ma-
| a fall, a fomething long naked ftalks, each of chem bear-
ing
efteemed , and few of them entertained by the curi-. -
ial
idt
ei OR A. Book 1
ing at the top thereof one {mall double fower, of a violet purple co-
Jour; at which time the leaves {pring up foulded at the firft, but af-
ter opening themfelves, are divided at the edges in three parts, ftand-
ing on feveral long foot-ftalks, as high as the flowers , which leaves
will continue untill new come again;{o that commonly the flowers rife
up among theold leaves, theroot is compofed of marly long black
_ ftrings, taftened to a head, from whence the leaves and flowers
fpring, ‘ |
, . ae oo +
Hepatica nobilis flore pleno caruleo.
T He double blew Hepatica is in all thingslike the former, but the
“colour of the flowers, which in this are of light watchet blew
GOI, ou) 3 :
Hepatica nobilis flore pleno albo.
T% double white Hepatica hath fmaller and frefher green leaves
4 than either of the former, the flowers {now-white, and as
thick and double, more rare to be found, and therefore much
more efteemed, es
FHepatica nobilis flore pleno rubro.
T* double red Hepaticais in‘all things like the laft , but onely the.
colour of the flowers, which are as thick and double as any of
the former , and of a fine pleafant pale red, inclining to Peach-
Thefe are the moft valuable diverfities that hitherto have come
to our knowledge; there are others’ that bear fingle flowers of the
fame colours of the double ones, but little efteemed by any good
Florifis ; yet by fome are preferved , chiefly for that they bear feeds
from whence varieties are expected, but I have not heard or feen any
that have been fo raifed that areconfiderable. It is reported that the
double white, and the double red have been raifed from the feeds of the
fingle kinds ; I confefs I have not feen either of them, and there-
fore can give no further affurance than the credit of a good Floriff
the reporter.
The double kinds flower about the middle of March, and the
fingle ones a fortnight fooner ; they muft be planted like the Auri-
cula, in rich well-dunged ground , where they will thrive and bear
plentifully, and may be increafed by patting the roots after they are
grown into feveral heads. |
Geranium.
Ranes billis of divers forts, but few of them of any efteem, the
~chielelt of them are, the knobbed Cranes-bell, that hath a pre
| like
Chap. OAV 2 keds O'R A. ;
like a {mall Cyclamen, bearing many fingle pale purple fowers ; the
blew Cranes-bill andthe white differ only in the colour of the flow-
ers ; the blew and white friped Cranes-billis like the two laf, only
the flowers are variably (potted, ftriped, and parted with white and
blew ; the purple Crow-foot Cranes-bill hath a great head of flowers;
which open by degrees, and die at night ; the variable Cranes-bill is
common, it hath {mall flowers, varied with fmall reddith veins upon
white ; the [weet Cranes-bill hath flowers of a dark blackith purple
colour 5 the red Rofe Crames-bil hath flowers likea red Rofe Campi-
on, thefe fimple flowers are all exactly defcribed by Mr, Par biaon
they flower in April, May and Fune, and increafe too fat : but we
have now an other more rare called
Geranium noéte olens,
Fo that it (melleth {weet only in the nigh, it hath a great root
like a Peony, with large jagged leaves, the flowers come forth in
wly, with {mall and round pointed leaves of a purple colour lifted
about with yellow, fo as the purple feemeth but as a {pot in the
middle of every leat , thefe howers ftand on {mooth ftalks eight ot
tenon ahead, whichin the nightareas fweet, as beautiful in the
day; the plant is render, and therefore fet ina pot, and governed in
Winter as the Cardinals flower; ot houfed and keptidry in Winter,
for any moifture rots the roor,
CHAP, xxyll.
| Helleborus..
Gsseceny Elebor is of two forts or kinds, that is, black artd
We) Ga, white, and there are fomeleffer forts, called Heile-
n PH Corine, that for the beauty of their fowers deferve
= &9) mention ; we will begin with the black Helebor,
23 vulgarly called the chriffmas Rofe, but more properly
Hellebor us niger verus.
He true black Hellebor, from aroot compofed of divers long brown
A ftrings, running deep into the ground, and faftened toa big head,
fpringech up many green leaves, ftanding on big ftiff foot-ftalks, divi-
ded into eight or mine parts, and nicked about the edges ; the flow-
erscome forth in Winter, upon fuch fhort fat foot-ftalks, in form
like unto fingle white Rofes, at firft white, but by long ftanding
turn to be of a blufh-colour, with apale yellow thrum, and a greet
head inthe middle , chiefly refpected for the early fowring, which
is commonly about Chriffmas, and therefore by many ae
in
i)
144
_ Winter or Chrifimas Rofe , there are fome other forts of black
Fide OAR A, Book I.
Hellebor, but none of any beauty or efteem, but this only,
-Helleborus albus.
yee white Hellebor comethup with 4 great round head, of a whi-
tifh green colour, opening it felf into many beautiful urge oreen
leaves, eminently plaited throughout, and compafsing eac other
atthe bottome: outofthem the ftalkrifech ayard high, or more,
with {mall leaves to the middle thereof, from whence it is divided
into many branches, bearing a multitude of {mall ftar-like flowers
of a yellowith green colour : the root is thick and big at the head,
with divers great white ftrings, which run down deep into the ground,
there ftrongly fattened, and abiding many years unremoved,
| Hellebor ws albus flore atrorubente.
Fea white Hellebor with a dark red flower differethfrom the laft, in
that it cometh upa moneth before it, with larger leaves, fmaller
and finer plaited: the flowers are leffer than thofe of the former,
and of a dark red, or fad liver-colour, Thisisaftately plant, and will
- deferve its place in the beft Florifts garden, There ate fome leffer
forts of Hellebor which we call HeHeborine, whereof two or three are
worth our acquaintance, and therefore fit to be inferted, :
Helleborine major five Calceolus Marie.
Ur Ladies flipper cometh up with divers ftalks about half a yard
high, compafled at the bottom with broad green leaves, like
thofe of white Helebor, but {maller, and not plaited ; at the tops of
the ftalks come forth one, two, and fometimes three flowers, one
above another,upon {mall fhort foot-ftalks, witha {mall leaf at the
foot of each: the flowers in form are Oval, the upper part hollow,
and the lowerround and {welling ; at the hollow part are two {mall
flippers, wherewith at the firft the hollownefs is covered, but after
open and ftand apart from each other; thefe flowers areinfome ot
a pale yellow, and in others more rare of a brown colour, tending to
purple; theraotsare compofed of nae dark brown ftrings, inter-
laced one within the other, lying under the upper cruft of the earth,
and not deeper, as thofe of the former kinds,
= Lieeborine oat? flore albo.
eee {mall white Hellebor rifeth up like the laft, but not fo high,
B neither are the leaves fo large, and of a whiter green colour : the
ftalkbeareth ina {pike many {mall white flowers, confifting of five
leavesand a {mall clofe hood in the middle : the roots are mary
fmall ftrings, running in the upper part of the earch, |
te
ee. Ped Ss = Helleborina
OapeXXVIL ~ FLORA
Helleborine minor flore purpurante.
Te [all parplifh Hellebor is like the laft defcribed, but that the
leaves are marroweér, the flowers fmaller, and of purplith bluth-
colour,
_ The true black Hellebor flowreth about Chriftmas, the two white
Hellebors in Fune, the Ladies Slipper, and the white Helleborine in
the end of April or beginning of May, and that wich the purplith fow-
er about the beginning of Fuze,
~ Theroots of the black and white Hefebor aré hardy, and abide
long unremoved, therefore fit to be at firft fet in good ground and
where they may ftand: the Hedeborines are found wild in fome parts
of York and Lancafbire, and therefore do not require too richa foil.
Ireceived all the varieties before mentioned from that honeft Gen-
ear his houfe in Lancafbire , there ig
another {mall Plant which may properly be mentioned in this place,
of which a word or two before we conclude this Chapter,
Lilium Convallinm flore albo.
T He white Convall Lily, May Lily, or the Lily of the valley, for
by all thefe names it is called, hath a fmall ftringy root, which
riinneth in the ground, and cometh up in divers places, with three or
four long and broad leaves, fomthing refembling thofe of the leffer
Helleborine, from whence rifeth up a {mall naked ftalk, bearing at the
top one above another, hanging all on one fide, many little white
flowers, like little Bottles with open mouths; which are ef a comfor-
table fweet fcent; ~ ‘ Z
Lilium Convallium flore rubente.
"He Conval Lily with a reddifh flower differs only from the for-
mer, in that the flowers are of a fine pale red colour, and there-
fore more efteemed than the other whichis found growing wild ini
divers places in the North, :
They both flower in May, and will increafe too faft; but bear beft
in the thade, and ina mean foil; Inever read or heard of any other
plant called the L#ly of the wally, and if this be that mentioned in the
Canticles, I am the Rofe of Sharon and the Lily of the valley, pet-
haps it was by the R ofe to typity lovelyMajefty,and by this fmall low
flower, virtuous Humility, it having an efpecial property to help:
weak memories, raife A
~
the pains of the Gout;
x re HAP:
poplectick perfons, cheer the hearr, amd eafe
i46
EF £-6 R A. Book £
CHAp, XXVIII,
Gentiana.
SS) Eatian is of feveral forts, fome greater, and fome fmal-
i ABN ex ler, we will make choice of one of each, and leave the
& a 5 Pe II . i / m ‘ ¥ P) ie $
it (= aN eft, as ficrer for a'general hiftory; than this colleétion
Wg ol of flowers, and firft of that rare medicinable plant
SAM called
Gentiana major flore flavo.
"[ earee Gentian with a yellow flower, from a great ‘thick yellow
bict er roor, rifeth up, with a long round and pointed head. of
leaves, clofing each other, which opening lie upon the ground, and
are long, broad and plaited, like unto thofe of the white Helebor;
but fofter and more pliable, from among which the ftalk cometh up,
which is ftiff, round, full of joynts, and above a yard high, with two
{mall leaves at every joynt compafsing the ftalk, which from the
middle to the top thereofis adorned with many rundles, or Coro-
nets of flowers ftanding at every joynt with two green leaves under
_ them, which are laid open like Stars, ofa yellow colour, with fome
threds in the middle, which are fucceeded by round heads containing
feeds like unto thofe of the Fritilaria,
Gentianella verna.
Entian of the Spring ,or Gentianella,as it is commonly called, hath
divers {mall hard green leaves growing in tufts clofe to the
ground, ribbed and veined like to other Gentians, from among which
rifech up a fmall fhort ftalk, bearing at the top one fair, large, hollow,
bell-fafhioned flower, with open brims, ending in five corners, of an
excellent deep blew colour, with fome white {pots inthe bottome
on the infide: the roots are {mall pale yellow long ftrings which run
in the ground, and put forth leaves in divers places, whereby it increa-
feth fo faft, that it is now growncommon in every ordinary Garden,
The great Gentian flowereth from Fune to Fuly,and the Gentianella:
from April to May; the firft increafeth flowly by the root, and it is
hardly raifed from feeds, in refpect thofe plants that grow in England
feldome bring any to perfection, andifany plants be gotten up from
feeds, it will be many years before they come to bear flowers : the
root muft be planted in September, im rich ground, under a South
wall, and carefully defended from frofts in the Winter ; the other will
profper in almoft any foil, fo it be in an open air, ail
: CHAP,
CopXXIX. FLORA - M7
c
CHAP, XxIX:
Campanula.
diies: : es (5% } : > ES F rl age ive
Ell-flowers are of feveral forts, as well double as fingle; and
fome of them worthy acceptance, wherewith this Chapter will
acquaint you; :
Companula Percifalis.
PPEack teaved Bell- flowers have many {mall leaves, like thofe of the
Peach-tree, lying on the ground; from whence many ftalks rife
up two foot high, bearing from the middle to the head divers flowers,
which are fhort, round at the head; and wider at the brims, parted
into five points, in one pure white, and in another pale blew : the
roots are many {mall ftrings creeping under the upper cruft of the
earth, and increafe very much: thefe are common in every Garden,
but I have often heard of others of both thefe kinds, which are re-
ported to bear double flowers, 3
‘ _ Campanula Pyramidalis.
STeeple Bell- flower rifech with many tall ftalks higher than thofe of
~ the former, garnithed with bigger, and fmoother dark green leays,
refembling thofe of Beets,bearing a multitude of flowers ina Pyrami<
dical form, which are of the fathion of the former but leffer, in fome
blew, in others white; the plant is full of milky juice; the roots large,
firingy, and yielding milk like the branches, F,
Trachelinm majus.
"[% great Canterbury Bells have large rough leaves like thofe of 4
Nettle, but bigger; theftalks are fquare, divided into branches,
Whereon ftand divers long hollow flowers like Bells, wide at the brims,
and parted into five points, in fome white, and inothers of a deeper,
or paler violet purple: the roots are hard and ftringy,; increafing and
abiding many years, although the leaves and ftatks die to the ground
every Winter,
Trachelium maj us flore duplici.
Dow Canterbury Bells differ in nothing from the laft, butin that
the flowers are double, confifting of two or three rows of leaves,
which as in the former, are in fome of thefe white, and in others blew
or purple, |
: X2 Trachelium
148
FLORA. Book I
Trachelium Giganteum,
Set Throat-wort hath long leaves of an over-worn green colour,
rough and hollow in the middle, a little indented about the
edges; the ftalkrifeth two cubits high ; fet with leaves, from among
which the flowers come forth, which are Bell-fafhioned , divided at
the brims into five points, which turn back, and are of whiti(h purple
colour; the root is like thofe of the former, and as long lafting,
Trachelium Americanum five planta Cardinalis.
THe ee hath many leaves like thofe of Canterbury
A bells, butlefler, and of a yellowith green colour ; from among
which rife.tall hollow-ftalks, befet with leaves {maller by degrees to
the top, fromthe bofoms whereof the flowers come forth, confifting
of five long natrow leaves , three of them ftanding clofe together
and hanging downright, the other two are turned up, with an um-
bone betwixt them, of fomewhat a paler colour than the leaves,
which are of an excellent rich crimfon-colour ; the root is compofed
of very many white ftrings, and if it be well looked unto abideth |
many years, There is another of this kind (which lately came fronf
Virgisia) with blew flowers, :
They flower from the end of May, commonly untill Agguft, thofe
with Peach-leaves firft, and the Cardinals- Ot NM i ice:
All thefe Beu-flowers are eafily incteafed, by parting the roots in —
September, and thrive wellin almoft any foil, fo they ftand not tog
hotin the Sun; Cardinals- flower is more tender , and muft be plan-
ted in good light earth, ina por, that it may be houfed in Winter; for
it will not endure Froft, The moft worthy of thefe are thetwo forts
of Campanula with double flowers(if there be any fuch)the two double
forts. of Canterbury Bells, andthe Cardinals-flower ; the reft are of
fmall efteem , yet many tor want of better things afford them room
in their Gardens, propel Siok gua: | -i
The Cardinals—flower mutt be fet ina pot, in good rich lightearth ;
and when Winter begins to grow fharp, fet the pot in the ground, ©
_ under a South-wall three inches deeper than the top, and cloath ic’
about and on the pot with dry Mofs; covered witha glafs, which in
warm days and gentle fhowers take off to refrefh the Plant , this-
courfeis more fit for this Plant chanhoufing, and with fome others
to this rule referred, which muft be obferved untill 4pri/, and then
you may take out the pots and fafely expofe them.
CHAP.
Cape ~~ FROREA
_—————- —————-——~,
CHAP. Xxx. |
Fucca Indica ee Periploca Virgimiana.,
" He Indian Fucca, or that wecallfo, isaPlant of
fome reputation with Floriffs, and Periploca of
Virginia, which Mr; Parkinfon calls Virgintan
silk, is kept in fome good Gardens,both which,
it thoughof different kinds, faces and qualities, we
Piss, will comprehend in thisChapter , as alfo fome
payinesien s-7: other Indian Plants that are contented to live with
ns, and firft of that called, but not truely,
Jucca Indica.
picasso Sah ewe yA Ser 3),
derous root with large fi-
‘A bres, from whence fpringeth up a great round tuft of hard long
hollow green leaves, with points as fharp as thorns , which always
remain and fall not away, exceptit befome of thofe that ftand out-
ward, which are recompenfed by others that {pring from the middle,
from whence fometimes in anold and well kept plant, {pringeth up
a ftrong round ftalk, divided into feyeral branches, which bear divers
flowers, fomething refembling thofe of the common Fretilaria, but
narrower at the bottom, containing fix leaves, che Gres Outer ten
ed on the'backs from the bottom tothe middle with a reddith bluhh
upon white, thefe flowers come forth in'faly, and {oon fallaway
without bringing any, feeds in our Country, This Plant mult be fet
ina large fquare Box, wide and deep, filled with good rich earth ,
where being houfed in Winter and detended from Frofts, it may re-
main many years, it never increafeth with us, yet there are now ma-
ny Planes cheveof in England, which have been brought from our
Plantations in the We/t- Indies. 7 3
3 a 4 : pe 3 ee a5 7 nantes prepay ote aes ——e
He Indian Fucca hath a great thick tub
Periploca Virginiana.
V Ir Gintan silkisa Plant more refpected for being a ftranger; thar
| tor the beauty of the flowers ; it rifeth up with one or more
round ftalks almoft four foot high, fet at feveral joynts with two
long broad-veined round-pointed green leaves,at the top of the ftalk,
out of a skinny-hofe, cometh fortha great tuft of flowers, to the
fjumber of thirty or fourty, hanging down on long-foot-ftalks , each
flower confifting of five {mall hollow-leaves ; of a pale purplith co-
— Jour, neither fair nor pleafant, after they are paft ; come long croked
codds, ftanding upr ght, containing flat brown feeds; wrapped with--
in a great deal of fine foft whitith brown filk , the root is big, long
and white, running far ander ground, and {pring up in many places 5
. 3 ‘ 2 : it
149
150
FROR A Book £
it flowereth in Fly, and fometimes , but not every year, bringeth
feedsand filk in Auguft ; it groweth abundantly in Virginia, and
hath been raifed often by feeds that have come from thence ; andal-
though the ftalks dy to the ground every Winter, the root is of long
continuance, and will fend forth new at the Spring , efpecially if the
- place where it ftandeth be covered with horfe-dung in Winter ;
to defend it from the Frofts,
Canna Indica.
“He indian flowering Reed rifeth up with fair large green leaves;
coming from the joynts of the ftalk, at firft tolded; after {fpread
open ; the ftalk is above a yard high, bearing at the top one above
atiother divers flowers , like in fafhion to the Gladiolus or Corn-flags
of 4 bright crimfon colour ; after the flowers the feeds are contain
in three-(qaare heads, which are round and black, of the bignefs of a
Peafe, it hath a great white tuberous root full of knobs, whereby it
sa increafeth, There is of this kind another differing, onely in
the colour of the flowers, which in this are yellow with reddifh {pots,
Thefe Plants mutt be fet in large Boxes, in good earth, often watered,
and howfed in Winter, for one nights Froft will deftroy them;
Ficus Indica minor.
Exe Indian Fig with ds confifteth of leaves onély , one {pringing
' out of another, proceeding from one leaf put half into the earth,
which taketh root and puts out others; thefe leaves are a
thick , flat and round-pointed , of a pale green colour, wi
er
| a
fhew at the firft of brown prickles on the upper-fide, at the reps of
the leaves , in Fume break out the flowers, which are compofed of
two rows of pale yellow leaves , with a yellow thrum tipt with
red in the middle , after the flowers are paft, the head they ftood
on grows bigger , inform of a Fig, but mever comes to any per-
fection with us, There is another of this kinde that hath bigger
_ and much larger leaves, but wilt not endure our cold Winters, for
the-leffer kind is planted in Pots or Tubs, and houfed in Winter, or
elfe the Frofts willrot and deftroy ir, /
CHAP.
Chap. XXXL. FLORA
BS
CHAP; XXxI
Auricula Urfi.
Ears’ Ears are nobler kinds of Cowflips ; and
now much efteemed, in refpect of the many ex-
cellent varieties thereof of late years difcover-
ed; differing in the fize, fathion, and colour of
the green leaves, as well as flowers, the which
we will lift under thefe colours, namely purple,
, red or fcarlet , yellow or Buff-colour, {now or
milk-white, and acquaint you with fo many fine diverfities in each of
them, as may be fufficient to ftock a Florifts Garden, who from their
feeds, handled according to the following directions, may raife ma+
an .
Why xy
> oe ae ae €
é n 4
TED)
LA
ny new varieties,
meet
Auricula flore parpureo.
"| purple Auricula is of divers forts, fome deeper and fome
lighter, we will begin with that beft known, commonly called
the fair Downham , from whofe feeds many good flowers have been
raiied; this hath many gteen leaves, fomewhat long and mealy, nar-
row from the bottom to the middle, and broader by degrees. almoft
totheends, which are fomething round and ftriped about the edges;
out of the middle of the leaves, and from the fides of them, the
ftalks {pring up five or fix inches high, bearing at the top many flow-
ers ofa fine bright murrey or reddifh purple colour, each flower con-
fifting of five {mall leaves, parted at the ends, wich a white circle or
eye in the middle, ftanding in {mall ceps, wherein (after the fowers
are fallen) appear {mall round heads with a prick in the middle , cons
taining {mall brown feeds ; the root hath many long white ftrings,
like unto. thofe of the Primrofe or Cow/lip. This defcription may ferve
forall the reft, with fuch additions as may diftingaith the difference,
or need exceptions, This was one of the firft ae flowers of this
kind that we had, and takes the name from the firftowner, my very
good friend Mr. Fohn Downham, areverent Divine, and an indaftri-
ous Floriff, from whom many years fince I had this and divers other
fine flowers,
Mr. Good's purple Auricula is a ftrong Plant, with large leaves; a
big tall ftalk, bearing a great Trufs of many fair, fine , rich purple
flowers, with fnow-white eyes , that will not wath yellow with rain,
as fome do, but abide white to the laft s this noble kind was raifed
by Mr. Au/feain Oxford,and given to Mr. Fohn Goed of Balioll Cole
lege, whole now itis there called,
_Miftris
152
FP i @ R A. Book f.
| Miftris Buggs her fine purple was raifed by her in Batterfey neer
London, it is like the former in all the parts, but that the great
head of flowers ftands more ereét, of a deeper purple and broader
white eyes, | |
Mr, Whitmores purple is alfoavery good flower, fair and large, ma~
ny ononeftalk, of a lighter purple than any of the former, with fair
white eyes; this wasraifed by my worthy friend Wiliam Whitmore
of Balmes near Hodg{den Efquire, who was pleafed the laft Spring
to give me a Plant thereof, :
Purple Fran{way is another good flower, it beareth a great trufs of
tich fining purple flowers, with very large white eyes. |
~ The black Imperial may be reckoned with the purples, ic hath {mall
Jeaves and a fhort ftalk, but beareth many fair flowers clofe fet toge-
ther, of fo dark a purple colour, that without much error it may be
called black, with tair faow-white eyes ; this was raifed in oxférd,
Rickets fable Auriculais like the laft, onely a little bigger in allthe
parts, but of as blacka colour, with fair white eyes ; this was lately
raifed by Mr, Rickets of Hog/den often remembred, the beft and moft
faithful Flori ft now about London,
The purple ftriped Auricnla is foal in-allthe pares, hatha weak
low ftalk, bearing four or five purple flowers, ftriped with white,
Thepurpled and Lemon-coloured ftriped Anricula is a much bigger
and ft r Plant than the laft, the ftalk is ftiff, but not tall, bearing
often eight or ten flowers, which are Lewon-colour, ftriped with red-=
difh purple ; this wasalfo raifed by Miftris Buggs before mentioned,
and is a flower of good efteem, , :
There are divers other good purples which have been raifed from
feeds by my felf and others, and every year produceth new varie-
ties, not to be confined within any limits, |
Auricula flore rubro five coccineo.
of He Red ot {carlet-colour Auricula is of divers forts, one of the
beft I know, is called Miftris Au/tins fcarlet, it hath large leaves,
a ftrong a a ftalk, bearing a great trufs of fine fcarlet howers,
with fnow-white eyes; divers other excellent flowers have been raifed
in Oxford by Mt, Facob Bobert keeper of the publike Garden,
There are divers forts of reds, inclining to fcarlet, fome redder
and fome yellower than others , fome with large flowers, and man
on one ftalk with white, or pale yellow eyes, upon many of which,
feveral fantaftical names ( by thofe that raifed them ) have been a
: -pofe
Chap. XX. SFLOR «£ :
' Pofed, as the Fair V7. irgin, the Matron, the Alderman, Mercury, and
the other Planets, the Cow, the Red Ball, &c,
There ate fome raifed from feeds that are crimfon, others carnati-
on, andone by my.felf that béareth a great trufs of large blood-red.
flowers, with fair white eyes,
Befides thefe there are raifed from feeds infinite other varieties of
Rofe-colours, Blufhes, Cinamon and other fine colours ; thofe whofe
flowers are of new and ftrange colours with white eyes that willnot
wath; are chiefly to be marked out and preferved.
Auricula flore luteo.
& teh yellow Auriculaisof {mallefteem, thofé that bear the largeft
~~ Howers, the biggeft trufs, of the deepet yellow colour, and
white eyes, aremoft regarded, but t |
monly caft away, as I havedone y
of feeds; but of this generation there are fome, whofe flowers are
of a Buff colour, fome yellower, and fome dunner than others: thefé
have been in good efteem, and every F loriff had his Leather-Coat,ma-
ny of which yet remain and retain the names of thofe that raifed
them, as Tradefcans Leather-Coat, Lances, Tugeies, Turners, Cola
lins, Lookers, Humphries, Meracows, Mows, Mullars, Randolls, and
Rickets Beazar, all feveral good kinds of Leather-Coats , and I have
raifed a Leather-Coat my felt from feeds; that is not inferior tothe
beft of thofe mentioned 5 and there is one that on afhort ftalk bear=
eth four or five double flowers, with three rows of leaves in each
flower, 2 Lo
~ Auricula flore: albo. Pan ea OS
"E* white Auricula is of {mall variety and efteem , the beft is that
4 called the Virgins milks this hath large mealy leaves , a tall
ftrong ftalk , with a great trufs of milk-white flowers, with fnow-
white eyes , which placed: among: the urples, fets off, and adds to
their glory; there are fome that are perfectly white, and many milk-
whites, but few of them of any better efteem than the yellows. fesse
- Wewill now (as others have done) conclude this Chapter of An-
ritula , with twoother Plants that bear flowers fomething refemb-
ling them, but neither are of that family , or have any other rela-
tion thereunto, yet fiteeft for this place, as nor deferving parti-
cular Chapters. PREIS 6
ellie Auviciila flore ceruleo folio Boraginis.
. te. naragel bidet ap nities rough hairy leaves , (pread-
on the ground like thofe of Ravage, but’ much leffer sand
- rent in the fides in fome places, among which rifeth up one, two; or
RS Y more
a
ut the more ordinary forts aré com-
FLUR 4. Book f.
more brown hairy-ftalks, five or fix inches high, each bearing at the
top, three, or four flowers, confifting of five leaves, which are large,
fharp-pointed, and of a fair rich blew colour , with fome fmall yel-
low threds inthe middle , the root is long and brownith , with many
{mall fibres annexed thereunto, This Plant as itisrare, foisirten-) -
der, and impatient of our cold Winters, and therefore requirech to
be planted ina pot, that it may be handled as the flos Cardinals,
Cortufa Mathioli..
Pececrs Sanicle 3 as fome call it, fpringeth up with the leaves
foulded, which opening are fair and broad, cut in divifions and
hicked about the edges, alittle hairy, and of a dark green colour on
the uperfide, but whiter on the other, from among the leaves rifech
up one or two naked ftalks, five or fix inches high, bearing at the
tops divers {mall flowers , like in form to an Auricula, but hanging
down their heads, andof a dark purple colour, with afmall white
eye and fome threds in the middle , after the flowersare paft, the
feeds fucceed, like that of the Awricula , the root is compofed of a
thick tuft of {mall whitifh ftrings faftened toa head, which abideth
inthe ground all rhe Winter, the leaves perifhing and renewing at the
Spring, This Plantis commonly raifed from feeds’, fec ina pot and:
otdered.as inthe laft in Winter ; both this and the former. flower
with the Awricu/aor a litce after them, ;
_ All che feveral forts of Awrieula do flower in April or the begin-.
ning of May, and fometimes they will flower againin the end of 4a-
guft, or beginning of September , but thofe flowers that come then,,
are neither {0 fair, nor fo many on one ftalk, as thofe of the Spring. .
The Bears-ears muft be planted in fome place that is a little fhaded
from the fcorching heat of the Sun, the foil made very rich, if {tiff with
fand & ftore of well rotredN eats-dung, & therein the roots fet a foot
dfunder, for they {pread wide, and will not thrive if they want rooms
thebeft way to fet them, isto open awide hole, leaving or railing a
liccle hillin the middeft thereof, then fet the root thereupon, and
fpread the fibres round about it, laftly cover and water them. After
the middle of Auguft every other year take them up , and then mend
the foil where they grew, with fifted Neats-dung, and having flipped
and parted che roots, and cat off thofe fibres that are too long , fet
them in the fame place again; by this means you (hall not failto
have them. thrive and bear ftore of flowers, but if you let chem
ftand too long umremeved., orin poor, or ftiff ground, you mult
expect the contrary.
The beft forts of Awricwla are fet in pots, which they will well de-
ferve fill the pots almoft half full with fitted Neats-dung, the reft
with good fandy earth well mixed with fuch fitted dung, and about
the end of Anguft fer the Plants therein , but not too deep, for the
roots will beapt enough to draw downwards 5 -place thefe pots ia the
ae ¥. Sun
ite
FS
bhaeeXXT = =—«o§ BH RDO A. ee
Sun all che Winter, and with Glaffes defend them from over much
wet, but donot houfe them, for they willdo better in the open Air,
Ac the Spring when they rife to flower remove them into a place more
fhaded , and after the flowers are paft (except thofe you leave ta
feed) you may difpofe in fome fhady place out of the way, to make
room for pots with G/Aiflowers,
_ The raifing varieties of them from feeds is a fecret wherewith
few are well acquainted, and it is tobe performed with fomething
more than common diligence, according to the rules following ; Afcer
the flowers are paft , and the ftalks begin to grow yellow, you may
obferve in the top of thar little round feed-veffel, a {mall hole, and
then you may be affured the feed isalmoft ripe, and if you do not
carefully look to it, will be all thed before you are aware ; therefore
as foon as you perceive it'té be ready; cut down the ftalks ; keeping
the tops upright; for if you turn them downwards, all the beft feeds
will-fall out; ‘then binde them in bundles , and place them upright to°
the Glafsof fomeé South Window, where (by fome benefit they will
receive from the Sun) they will harden; ‘and be much the better ;- to~
waids the edd of Auguft or beginning of September, prepare fome
f{quare box or boxes according to your ftore ot feeds, that are nine or
ten inches deep, and of what breadth youpleafe, with fome holes
inthe bottom to let out water, which fill three parts full with fine
fandy fifted earth; one half thereof being well rotted Neats dung,
which mingled well together, and laid fmooth with your Trowel, lay
thereon a fingers thicknefs of fine fitted Willow earch, or fot want
thereof dried Cow-dung beaten fmall, mingled with alittle good earth
and fifted3 and fow your feeds. thereon, mingled with Wood-afhes,
which by their colour will direc you to fow them the more fuitably4
they muft not be fowed coo thin, for all will not come up, if they
do they may eafily be removed to another placesafter the feeds are
thus (owed, cover them half a finger thick , with the fame you put
next under them, which prefs down lightly, and lec them remain in
the Sum and Air untill they begin to come up, which will beabout
April, and then they muft be removed into the fhade, and often
gently watered; as foon as they are grown toany confiderable bignefs
take fomeof them up, where they aretoothick, and fet them pre-
fently in fome bed prepared for that purpofe, fix or eight inches afun-
der, where they may remain untill they come to bear flowers; and
thofe you leave iff the box may be tran{planted in the end of Augu/t
afcér the fame manner, and fo thé box will be ready again to fow
more feeds; fome of them will bear the Spring following, others about
Augujt the year after they were fowed:; and the reft the Spring ther
next following, provided the ground you fet them in be rich and good,
otherwife you will lofe ali the delight ot yourlabors, Some ate ot
opinion that the beginning of odober, others the end of February, is
the beft time to fow them, but having tryed all thofe times, I finde
that before mentioned tobe the beft, for the feeds are fo {mall thae
if they be kept any timeout of the ground, they will be all deady
Now above all things you muft be fure to get the feeds of good
ee 14 flowers,
,
is
156
FLOR A. | Book -
flowers, for from thence fpringeth all your hope; when you fee their
flowers , thofe you diflike, caft away, or elfe if you have convenience
fend them to the flower-market, the common Emtory of trafh and
tetufe; and referve the reft for your own delight,
CHAP, XXXII,
Primula Verts, ex Paralyfis.
| Rimrofes and Cowflips ae Englifh flowers , and well
known toevery Milk-maid, being the common ornas
ments of Meadows and Paftures; yet there are fome
varieties of them entertained in Gardens, out of which
we will cull the beft ; and leave the reft to thofe chat -
delight in fuch commontoys, We have now other
kinds of Primrofes and Cow/lips, that bear diverfities of red flowers,
more efteemed than thofe of our own Country ; but firft we will be-
gin with fome of our old acquaintance ; and then proceed to thofe of
ter difcovery,
A \"
ZI
a
oo
AOS
&
Primula Vers flore pleno vulgaris.
pes common double Garden Primrofe is fo well known, that it is
fufficient onely tonameit, but were it not fo common inevery
Country-womans Garden, it would be more refpected ; for indeed it
is a {weet and dainty double flower, and the chieteft of all our Eng-
lifhkinds, =
Paralyfis flore geminato.
ry ae Cowflip hofe in hofe differeth from that of the field, in refpeé
the flowers aré ingeminated, one ftanding within the other, ma-
ny on one ftalk , the fame in colour and fathion with thofe of the
common kind,
Paralyfis flore pleno.
CT ede Cow/flip differeth from the common kind, in that itis
igger, and beareth many fair thick and double flowers on one
ftalk, of the fame Gold yellow colour with ths former.
Paralyfis flore pleno viridante.
THe double green Cowflip differeth from the laft , in that the fow-
ersot this are of yellowifh green colour, but as thick and double,
and thisis the rareft and moft efteemed of all our Englifh kinds, :
There
Chap. XXXIL FLOR AZ
_ ‘Thereare divers other forts both of Prisrofes and Com/lips plan-
ted in fome Gardens, as the double green Primrofe, and another that
hath the outer row of leaves green, with a {mall pale yellow flower in
the midft, the fingle green Cow/lip, the tufted Cowflip, the fanta-
ftick Cow/lip,or Fackanapes on hore back; the Cowflip with the jagged
hofe, and another with a large hofe divided in five points; and purled
about the edges with a {mall fingle yellow flower ftanding therein ¢
allwhich I leave to thofe that delight in them; and pafs to others
of more efteem,
Primula Veris flore rubro.
"[ red Primrofeis of a newer date; more beauty; and greater va-
riety than the former 5 inroots leaves and fathion it differeth not
from the common fingle field Primyofe, only the tops of the roots,
and bottomes of the ftalks, are of a reddith colour} but the, greateft
difference is in the colours of the flowers, there being almoft twenty
diverficies of reds, fomedeeper and others lighter, trom bloud red
to pale Pink colour ; fome are of a blewith Rofe-colour, fader and
paler, fome brick-colour, fome Dove-colour, others of the colour of
an old Buff-coat, and fome hair-colour ; all which varieties have been
taifed from feeds, and likewife thefe more excellent kinds follow-
ing, [ he
| The fair red Primrofe is a pleafant flower; of a moft beatitiful rich
fhining velvet red-colour, witha yellow Star in the bottome, asis in
the reft,
The Scarlet Primrofe is of efteem; the flower isof a bright Scarlet
colour, more rare than any of the former,
Red Primro{e hofe in hofe hath upon every ftalk (for many ftalks
bearing flowers rife from one root, inall thefe kinds) two flowers in-
eeu: oneftanding within the other, in fome bigger and of a
eeper red colour, in others leffer and paler; of this kind T have raifed
fix feveral diverfities differing from each other; either in fize; fafhion
or colour, nO
The double red Primrofe is the rareft of all the kinds, the flower is
reported to be almoft as large, thick and double, as the common pale
yellow kind, and of a fair red colour : chis if any fuch be it is thac fo
much feed hath been fowed in hope to obtain,
The red Gowflip, or Oxlip,is alfo of feveral forts,all of them bearing ~
many flowers on one ftalk, in fafhion like thofe of the field, but of fe-
veral red . colours, {ome deeper, others lighter, fome bigger like ox-
lips, others {maller like Comfips,
the variable Scarletsor Orenge-coloured Comflip, hath many, fal |
9
157
158
FLOR: f. Book I.
flowers On ofie ftalk, which towards the bottome onthe upper fide
in fome; are of a fine Orenge-colour, arid the leaves lifted about the
edges with Cianamon-colour, and fomething redder on the outfide;
fome are of a fine Scarlet colour deeper or lighter in great variety, all
proceeding from the feeds of the déepeft colotired flowers, :
_ The red Cowflip hofe inhofehath many flowers of one ftalk, like
thofe of the ingeminated red Primro/¢ before defcribed, but leffer , of
thefe I have five diftinét diverfities, fome bigger; fome leffer; and
of deeper or lighter red colours, .
Of fome of thefe forts.a multitude have been and are yearly raifed
from feeds, ftill fowed in hope of gaining new varieties, cafting thofe
away that do not an{wer expectation, which by mahy about London,
with fuch like refufe, arefent into the flower-market, and there fold
for little, for had they not that way to purge their Gardens, they
would certainly, as ] and others do, deftroy them, Ihave lately
heard feveral ignorant pretenders to the knowledge of flowers fay,
that they could buy in that market the beft Tulips in England for
five fhillings the hundred, the beft red Priwsrofes and Bears-ears fot
fix pence the dozen, and all other flowers whatfoever, one with ano-
ther, for two pence a piece ; and I believe they and many others are
confident that there are no better to be found in the world, than
thofe there fold at that rate, for my part I fhall not endeavoar t6
=
-undeceive them, but with them good markets that are fo poorly plea-
fed, and return to the fubject in hand, 4
~The common double Primro/ e flowereth in April, and the Cow/lips it
May, the red kinds in March, and many of them will begin in Seprem-
ber, and continue bearing flowers all the Winter, unlefs checked by
hard weather, .
The Engli/h kinds are hardy and profper in any place that is ‘hot
too hot in the fun ; the red kinds are planted, fowed, and ordered in
the fame manner as we do thre Bears-ears ; yet if fowed ina bed of
good earth towards the end of September, they will come up at the
Spring, and foon come to bear flowers ; we fhall only add fome few
varieties of another kind of {mall Cow/flips, and then proceed to
other things,
Paralyfis minor flore rubro.
R Ed Birds eyes continueall the Winter with the leaves clofed to-
~\ gether, which at the Spring do open and {pread upon the ground,
with {mall long and narrow leaves, fnipe about the edges, of a pale
a on the upper fide, and of a mealy whitifh colour on the other ;
rom among the leaves rife up one or two fmall hairy ftalks, half a
foot high, bearing at the top many {mall flowers, like in fafhion un--
toa {mall Bears-ear, of a fine reddifh Peach-colour, with yellow eyes
in the bottoms of the flowers, it hath a {mall ftringy root, and fome
times beareth {mall feeds, There
Chap. XNXUIL =» FLOR 4.
_ There is another of this kind that is a little bigger in all the parts
thereof, and beareth white flowers.
~ And athird that is like the laft, but that the white flowers are
poudered over with the fame red colour thatis in the firft,
Thefe pretty plants bring forth their flowers in April, and are pre-
ferved in {ome Floriffs Gardens, they profper beft in a fhady barren
place, for they grow naturally in moift barren ground in the Nor-
thern parts, I received the feveral varieties before mentioned from
that worthy honeft Gentleman my very good friend Mr, Roger
Brodfhaw of the Hay in Lawcafhire betore remembered,
Lychnis.
Hampions ave of feveral forts, and many Plants are
called Lychnis, with fome: other word of diftinction
added thereunto, we will make choice of fome few,
and fuch only as are fitteft to adorn a Flower-Gar-
den, and leave the reft as vulgars mot worth
the mentioning: iJ
Lychnis Coronaria rubra multiplex.
a cr paerie a Cte Te Oe Ee
pine double red Rofe Championis inall the parts thereof like unto
the fingle, fo well known tharic were fuperfluous further to de-
fcribe it; only the flowers of this are thick and double, of the’ fame
delicate velvet red colour, which 1s in the common fingle kind, =
Lychnis Coronaria alba mulesplex.
TH double white Rofe Champion is.in all things like the former, but
only ‘that the flowers of this are white, but as thick aad double
and far more rare than the red.
Lychnis Chalcidonica flore fimplict.
Ss Non-[uch, Flower of Con ftantinople, or asitis moft common-
ly called, Flower of Bré fol, is a Plant as weil Known as the former
common Champion, and therefore needeth no further defcription, nei-
ther indeed had I admitted a thing fo common, but that there are
fome fine diverfities thereof, worthy of room in the beft Gatdens,
and the varieties ftanding rogether, fetting off each other, make 2
fine fhow, I theretore ‘begin with the common kind —
BB
» not dainty of their nourifhment, for they will srow and
2
FLOR A. Book I
a great head of many fingle Scarlet lowers, which may ferve to point
out all the reft, bg! Any! ie
We have another of this kind, no way differing from the former,
but in thetolowr of the flowers, which in this are at the firft. of a
reddifh blufh-colour, after growing paler by degrees ; fo that in
one head of flowers there will be feveral fhadows of blufhes, one paler
thananother, 9 | 3
There isa third that beareth fingle flowers, like in all parts tothe
former, only the flowers of this are of a fnow-white colour,
Lyehnis Chalcidonica flore pleno mintato.
song ~
&
| Fx rich Scarlet Non-fuch, or Flowerof Briftol, differeth from the
fift, inthat the ftalks are bigger and ftronger, bearitig many
flowers (as the reft do) at the tops thereof, which in this are thick
and double, and of the fame rich Scarlet colour that is in the firft,
or a little deeper,
The Champions do begin to flower towards the end of Fane, and
willcontinue bearing flowers untill September, the feveral forts of
: Non-[uch; bring forth their flowers in Fu/y,
‘The Champions mutt be planted of flips taken from the old root,
int the end of Augnft, or beginning of September, that they may take
root before Winter; thofe fet in the Spring run up to flower and die
at Winter, astheold Plants are apt todo, therefore fet flips eve- -
ry year, left youlofethekind, The Non-fuch are hardy Plants, aid
willeontinue long, they are encreafed by taking young Plants from
the old roots, which will come up with many heads, ‘and every head
taken off with fome little of the root will grow, and foon come to.
bear flowers , the beft time for the doing thereof, is in the end of
March, when thenew fhoots are rifen to fome height out of the
ground ; perhaps if trial were made of fowing the feeds of the fingle .
kinds, fome new varieties might be gained ; the feeds are (mall and
mutt be fowed and ordered as we do Auricula: but thefe Plants are
bear well al-
moftin any foil, but worft in thac which is over hot and too rank.
ke te te Pd
Chap RXXV. © FLOR A
—— ed
ae a momar
CHAP, XXXIV.
Keirt five Lucotum luteum.
WOR AI! flowers, ot Wister Gilliflowers, have divers forts wore
B thy of encertainment, and although there are fome
iN wg kinds common in every Countrey Garden, yet thefe
ey that follow will deferve a place in this collection, and
“ room ina Florifts Garden, |
Keiri flore fimplex majus.
apie creat fingle Wall-flower is in all the parts thereof like the
common kind well known unto all, but that it is much. larger,
the leaves of a darker fhining green colour, the flowers many, growing
ona long fpike, of a deep gold yellow colour, and fome of them as
broad as half a crown, ee eee,
Keiri majus flore pleno
He zreat double Wall- flower is in all things like the laft, except-
ing the flowers, which of chis are of the fame gold yellow colour,
and although not fo broad as thofe of the fingle kind, yet very large,
thick and double,
+. ¢ NIG Keiri fimplex flore albo. _
He fingle white Wall- flewer hath leaves as gréen, ot greener than
A the former fingle yellow, and as large ; the flowers are fingle,
confifting of fower leaves, of a fair white Colour jigs 5,
-— Keiri fiore plens albo. 7
ws rae double white Wall- flower isin all the patts thereof like unto the
fingle, only differing in the flowers, thofe of this being of the
{ame white colour, not very large, but thick and double : we have a
fort of double white /tock-Gilli flowers, that is raifed from feeds, which ,
Ga refped of the green leaves is by many called the white Wall-flower,
‘bot any thar are acquainted with the different fcents of the Wall,and
stock- Gilliflower, may thereby foon diftinguifh the one from the
other, om aS oH
| Kiri majus flore pleno ferrngineo.
ft Bc Houble red Wall- flower hath fomething large green leaves, and
A. beareth along {pike of double yellow flowers, that ftand thinner
on the ftalk chan thofe of rhe great double yellow, having the outer
“Jeaves dath’d over witha dark red colour, which whilft the flowers
are in the bud, and not quite opea, is much more tobe feen than af-
‘terwatds when they are fully blown, a.
Zz _ Kert
idk
162
FiOR A Book L
Keirt flore luteo pallido.
T He pale yellow Wall- flower , although st be in all the parts thereof
like unto the common double Wal- flower, yet is it more efteem-
ed, for that the flowers of this are thicker and doubler , ftand clofer
together, and are of a fine pale yellow colour,
They floutith ii March, April, and part of May, affording tore of
fair fiveet flowers for almoft three months, ? | eho
They are eafily raifed, being apt to grow up onflips, fet in March
after the manner direéted for Stock-Gilliflowers ; the beft place to
lant them, is clofe to fome South-wall , unto which they may be
aftened, and defended in Winter from Frofts and hard weather, for
fomeot them are tender, efpecially the double white, andthe great
fingle and double yellow. 150 GS OU GyOns ser be nr
= saeeneneen’
CHAP, XXXxv,
eacormiltt¢ flock-Gilliflower is of more efteem than the
SAG Wall-flower , as well for the elegance of form, as
Bett delicacy of colours; there are many forts that bear
bs5}] <ouble flowers as well.as fingle , buc the double
pretial| onely are admitted into the Gardens of the curi.
Oy} OUS, the fingle remaining in fome nurcery to bear
, | feeds, from which the double are raifed: we wil]
therefore fet down the varieties of ‘thofe chiefly that bear double
flowers, and onely tell you, that each of them hatha fingle of the
fame colour, from the feeds whereof many double ones are gained,
Lucoinm flore pleno diverforum colorum,
= Ouble ftock-Gilliflowers of divers colours ate in all parts fo like
: the fingle, and they fowell known unto all. that the nee
defcuption; the chieteft difference confifteth in the flowers Y Sree
thefe are large, thick, and double , bearing many upon one branch,
and one ftalk many branches of flowers, which are either ofa fadder
or lighter purple colour, or of a paler or deeper reddifh murrey ; and
there is one hath greener leaves than any of thereft,that beareth pure
white flowers, each of thefe having fingle fowers of the fame colour
and kind, from whofe f ceds the double are produced,
F iis
Licoiane
Chap: REX. FLORA
Pe Lucoinm floré plenc variegatum.
He double ftriped ftock-Gilliflower is in all things like the former;
and hath the fame diverfities of colours, onely differing in that
the flowers of thefe are all ftriped or marked more or lefs with white,
which addeth very much to their beauty and efteem; there are fome
with ftriped fingle flowers, from whofe feeds the double are raifed,
as in the former,
Lucoinm alterum flore pleno.
T® other double ftock- Gili flower hathno fingle of the kind, and is
- Jeffer in all parts thereof than thofe raifed from feeds, thé fow-
ers are alfo {maller, but thick and double, of the fame or like colours
of the other, both for fingle colours and mixed, many of them much
more, and becter ftriped with white than thofe of the former kind;
—— Lucoimmluteum flore pleno.
He yellow fock-Gilliflower isas rare to finde, as. a white Wall-flower;
yet there are of both forts, as well double as fingle , the double
of this yellow kind, being raifed from the feeds of the fingle , it
hath hairy green leaves, and a woody ftalk like the reft , the flowers
-are of a pale yellow colour, in the one double, and inthe other
fingle,
They begin to flower in April, arein the greateft glory in afay,
and many continue flowering all the Sommer and untill they are chec-
ked by Frofts, , |
- The ris Wenge <2 ones of the fame kinds , are raifed from
the feeds thereof, the double never bearing any, neither do the
feeds of every fingle kind produce any double, but if you have good
feeds andof aright kind, you may from them raife many double
flowers, which having obtained, {ow them at the full cf the Moon in
April in yout Flower-nurcery, not too thick by any means, and af-
ter they are grown four or five inches high, in fome rainy feafon, pull
them up, then turn the bed over where wad grew, and fet them
again in rows at convenient diftance; after they have ftood fome time,
and begin to grow high, take them up againas before, fo fet them
the fecond time , by this means they will become more hardy, grow
low,and f{pread in branches, have ftrength to endure the Winter, and
at the Spring be far better Plantstoremove, than thofe chat run up
with long ftalks , which feldom efcape the Frofts in Winter ; and
you will have many with double Howers among them, which miay be
perceived in the buds, which will be rounder and bigger than thofe of
the fingle , and thofe you may remove into your Garden , taking
them up carefully, not breaking the roots , and with fome earth
about them , which being a while fhaded and watered , will grow —
: Z 2 ‘and
163
ary
FLOR A. Book I.
and bear flowers , a$ well as if they had nor been at all removed ;
thofe with fingle flowers mutt ftand to bring you feeds, which mutt be
yearly fowed to preferve the kinds; for after they have born flowers,
commonly both the double and fingle dye, 3 |
The other forts of double ftock=Gilliflowers, do neither beat feeds;
hor have any fingle of the kind, fo that they are increafed by flips
onely, aie of this kind being more apt to grow, and longer continue
than the former that are raifed from feeds ; but as in Gil flowers fo it
is inthefe, the firft being more eafily obtained, hath caufed the later
to be neglected and almoft quite loft, notwithftanding one Plant of
this nobler kind is worth five raifed trom feeds,
Many are of opinion, that double ftocks raifed from feeds, longer
than the firft year of their bearing flowers , are not to be preferved,
or kept by any way or means, but I know by experience they are
miftaken, for I have often raifed many Plants from the flips or cut-
tings of this kind as well as the other, it is true that commonly the
old Plant being allrun up to flower, dies the next Winter, but the
cuttings will grow and bear the nextSpring following ,almoft as well as
thofeimmediately raifed from the feeds, All the art is in fetting them,
which is to be performed in manner following ; Firft makechoice of -
fuch branches as do not bear flowers, the which cut off fome di-
ftance from the ftock, fo thar they benot too long , then flit down
the bark ar the end of the flip about half an inch , in three or four
places equally diftant from each other,according to the bignefs there-
of, which peell as faras itis flit and turn up , then cut off the naked
poo pe clofe to therind that is turned up, make a wide hole and
et the
about theend thereof, thencover it, which being fhaded for fome
time and watered, if the ground be any thing good, will grow and
profper very well ; and certainly this is the beft and moft abfolute
way to raifedouble ftocks of any kind that hath been practifed by
any; and in the like manner you may cut and fet flips of the beft wall-
flowers, Gilliflowers , ox of any other woody Plant thac will grow of
flips, a pretty practice for Ladies and Gentlewomen, for whofe fakes
chiefly it is here inferted 5. they may alfo be increafed by laying the
flips after the manner of Gilli flowers. ‘
CHAP.
ip therein three fingers deep, with the bark f pread open round.
Chip. XXXVL = FLORA
CHAP, XXxvI.
Fle[peris five Viola Matronalis.
‘dine Violet, Or Queens Gilliflower, is 2 common
Plant, growing plentifully in every Country-
womans Garden, and by them called Clofe si-
ences, of which they have two forts, one bear-
ing pale blafh, and the other white flowers,
| both fingle, confifting of four leaves onely; but
——====} we have three nobler varieties of this flower ,
worthy to be received itito the choiceft Gardens, the firft of them and
moft known is called;
4 Hefperss flore pleno albo.
ee
He double white Queens Gilliflower is in all parts fo like the com-
mon fingle kinde (except the flowers) that Ineed to fet down
onely their differences; thofe of this are very many on one branch;
and one ftalk often times hath many branches of flowers, which ftand
clofe and thick together, commonly ina long fpike, each Aower be-
ing thick arid double, of a pure white colour; and delicate fweet fcent,”
efpecially'in the evening, ior which property it is called Hefperis.0 cu
Hefperis flore pleno purpurafcente.
T% double purplifh Queens Gilliflower differeth in nothing from the
former, buc in che colour of the flowers, thofe of this being as
_ many on one ftallk or branch, as thick and double, and of thefame
fcent, but of a fine pleafane light reddith:purple-colour , deeper than:
that of the common fingle kind, and of newer date than the double.
white,
Hefperss flore plens variegata,
"PHe donble ftriped Queens Gilliflower isin all parts like the lat, bue
A that the flowers, which are of the fame purplith colour, are finely
ftriped with white, and therefore more efteemed than dither of the
other of this fort; we have one that beareth fingle ftriped flowers,
re{pected for the feeds fake, which fowed may produce varieties,
They flower from May to the end of Fly, and are eafily raifed, for
almoft any flip or branch thereof, fet imthe ground , thaded and wa-
tered, will grow, onely the nipping of the buds for flowers from fuch
new {et Plants as foomas they appear, would not bemegleced; they
fingle kinds will feed, fron which che double forts have been r.ifed,
ig
165
166
F LPO A. Book I.
CHAP, XXXVIL.
Prarmica flore pleno alts
=== ouble Pellitory and others, for in this Chapter I fhall
| give you feveral Plants that beat double white flow-
Se - * ess
Ba a ers, and although they be of feveral families, I
7) have joyned them together, for that each of them
would {carce deferve a particular Chapter, and all
SS pease
ern) :
Cee! of them bear pretty flowers , and are entertained
=" for variety in moft Flori (ts Gardens; the double wild
Pellitory hath tall flender ftalks, fet witht long narrow green leaves ,
{nipt about the edges, like unto the fingle that grow wild in the fields,
bearing at the top of the ftalk many {mall double white flowers ; t he
roots are compofed of many long white ftrings, which runin the
ground, and {pring up in divers places, whereby it is very apt to be
increafed,
Parthenium flore pleno.
Bett Featherfew is in all things like unto the common fingle
kind well known unto all, the onely difference is in the flowers,
which of thisare very thick and double , being white and fomething
yellow in the middle ; this is increafed by fetting the flips that run
not upto flower in the endof Auguf,
Chamaemelum flore pleno.
Pe Camowill is Vike the ordinary, but that the green leaves are
of a frefher green colour and larger, the flowers of this alfoare ©
larger and very double, being white, with fome yellownefs in the
middle ; this is more tender than the common kind, and muft yearly
berenued , by fetting young flips thereof in the Spring,
Cotula flore pleno.
onble Dogy-fenel hath many {mall deep dark green leaves, bear-
ing at the tops of the branches divers broad {pread double white
flowers without {cent; the root iscompofed of many {mall ftrings,
and increafed by fetting the flips in the end of Augu/t, nipping of the
buds for flowers, as foon as any appear. |
Cardamine flore pleno.
na Lady Smocks hath many winged leaves lying on the
7 ground, like thofe of the wild kind, from whence many {mall
ftalks come forth , bearing many double white flowers ; the {mall
{tringy roots creep in the ground and come up in divers places,
Bells
Chip: XXXVI, FLO RA
: +, Bellis flore pleno,
Dow Daifies are of divers forts, and fome of theni fo: varievy,
"~ entertained in good Gardens; the chiefelt are the greater. white,
the all-red, the great red and white, the childing Day fie, the abortive
naked double green Dayfie, and.divers other varieties there are {carce
worthy naming , they all flower in Apesl, and may be eafily increafed
by parting the roots in the Spring, or Autumn ; if they fland.¢
much in the Sun, yalefs often watered, it will foon fcorch and re
{troy them, . a 3
S207)
es
f # SOF EL. ‘- ‘i
GY AN ped rics of the Spring; all thofe pow in efteem are fuc
eS yo Helland and Flanders haye been raifed from feeds,
NSS Aigh Which is che caufe they, are fo frail, andsapt to perith
SS} after they have born flowers ; we had heretofore many
good kinds that were not feedlings, bu: few of them now to be found
in any of our Gardens, | Erker.
Illi flowers are the pride of Somer, as Tulips.are the glo:
as
Of thefe Dateh flowers I have known more than a hundred ditting
varieties, by feveral names, all of them fair, large, thick, and double
flowers, well ftriped, fakes marbled, or powdered with white os
bluth, either upon darker or lighter red, crimfon or carnation, fadder
or brighter purple, deeper or paler Scarlet, and white; fo that all the :
belt varieties now in being, may be comprehended under thefe ¢ :
forts, thar is, red and white, purple and white, and f{carler and whites
in all which colours there are many fine varieties, the which we. will
infert under thofe names by which they.are generally: received and
known, beginning with a dozen of the beft in every fort, the reft be-
ing all very good flewers ;..butiadeed there is no end of thefe feeds
flowers, every year producing new varieties, and perhaps within two
or three years, few of thofe now in efteem left, for commonly the
Plants after they have born flowers die in Winter, a property com-
monto moft feedlings, ee ee
_ To defcribe every particular flower, would be tedious, and-to {mall
purpofe, inrefpect of their frailry ; therefore 1 conceive the naming
the beft in every fort, willbe futficient to inform chofe thar defire
to collect chem, which done, we thall farther enlarge touching their
Propagation, culturé, planting, and prefervation, Zz
ar
tay a
Cilliflomers
a
168
ec ae
®
FLU R A Book I.
Gilliflowers red and white.
\Harles the fecond Queen Efther Court of Caftile
NJ Queen Katherine F loradine - Samaritan
Emsperatoria Royal-oak . Bel Infanta
Emperor of Ruf sia Grand Duke- Royal General 0 Holland
Emperors Court Lacerbeck = Count Florus |
Queen of Perfia Super-eminent ~- Be Rofe
Virgin of England - Lord de Camp ‘Brown favorite
Virgin of Cullen New bonaventura Grand Boor —
Coridon Vittoria Kings {conce
King of Bohemia Marvel de mond Darts
‘Bohemia Crown Counte(s of Flanders Princes Court
Emperor Rodolphus _ Bel-blome New painted Lady,
Great Tamberlane Prince de Parma :
Purple and White.
King David Eagle royal Covenant of Englan
King Solomon Dorili ‘fant oli See Rieaeee see
King of Affyria Prince Robert Marble ftene
Quecn of France Queen of Sweden Prince Bebpicb
Oylman Bel de mondi Royal Mach
Pantalees.. 60. King of Portugall-- General Wigons
Don Fohn : Bel triumphant - Blew cry ift “al
General of the Indies Admiral of Spain Tapifere
Trinnsph of Spain Houle of Commons Grave florus.
7
Scarlet and W hité. |
Empire of Germany Great Boor Incarnadine & Bezoud
Bride of Holland Morning ftar Dorothea of Holand
Carthufa Bel beleever The Cock
Alexander nt Bonaventura Hovaniere
Young Prince Prince of Orenge Anguftus
Lord Belle Yonton Paragon Brewer Fair Frances
Oriental BS. Virgin of Orleance Count Mansfield
King of Ethiopia Van Velfon Salamander
The Fewel
~All thefe Gilliflowers and fome others of leffer note 1 obferved
the laft feafon in flower, in the Garden of Mr, Rickets of Hogsden
before mentioned,
_ Thefe are the varieties of the belt Gilliflowers now in being : they
flower chiefly from the middle of Faly to the fame time in Aug.
: 4“
_ andin hot Somers fome of them will feed, which muft be cane ,
y
ie unto, and gathered as foon as ripe, left rains in Aucumn de-
roy it, ;
Thefe
Rie
Chap. XXXII. FLORA
which will fettle the earth to the sa : let not your pots be -.
_ Thefe feeds are to be fowed very thin, upon a bed- of good freh
earth, after rain, in the beginning of April, the Plants well grown, ta-
ken upinfomerainy feafon, and fet again in rows a foot afunder,
Where the year following they will bear flowers, fome double, but
more fingle, which may be pulled up and caft away as foon as difco-
vered, leaving only thofe with double flowers, Plant your belt Gili-
flowers in pots, which muft be placed to bear flowers, where they
may have the morning Sun only, for the after-noon Sun doth the
plants much harm : water chem in their necefsity gently, to moiften
the earth by degrees, for too much wet rots the fmall fibres, there-
fore take heed your pots be not over wet at the bottome, neither
would thefe flowers be long wet on the leaves,
Every year fome of them will die: fet not another in the fame |
earth, but take it out, and fill the pot again with that which is fre(h,
for eatth in pots will {pend it felf more than that in Beds, and requi-
reth to be yearly renewed: from fuch ft efcape the Winter, af-
186
ter bearing, take as much of the earth as you can out of the por, -
without hurting the roots, and fill it up again with that which is freths
in Winter, and to the middle of April(that the weather grows hot)
water in the morning, after in the evening,,putting water to the roots,
not wetting the branches, |
\
When your flowers are fpindled, bind them to fticks, and nip off
all fuperfluous buds, that the flowers of fuch you leave may be the
fairer; ftick hollow Kix, and the Cleies of Beafts upon theends of
fticks about your pots, into which Earwigs and black Infects in’ the
night will creep, which may be taken in the morning and deftroyed ;
when the flowers begin to appear, open the points of the pods to
ive them liberty, and thofe pods which break, bind with a narrow
iff, of the thin film of a Gold-beaters old mould, which wer, will
ftick together, keep the flower round, and fcarcely be perceived ;
but chofethat are not provided with this, may cut fome of the bark
froma withy ftick, fit it to the place, and chruft it into the pod, to
hold up the drooping fide of the flower: when they have done bear-
ing, cut away the ftalks, andinrainy feafons (which often happen in
Autumn) lay the pots down on the fides, to prevent the taking of too
much wer,
_ The greaceft care required in the prefervation of thefe Plants is in
Winter, in which feafon they are to be defended from great rains,
fnows, and long frofts, as alfo from the North and Eaft winds , there-
fore if you have a convenient houfe, with large dores, that they may
not want air, place them therein, asfoon as admonifhed by the firft
frofts, giving them at all times (unlefsin the night, and in time of
froft) as much air as the houfe willafford,and if you fiad them dry, in
open weather gently water themwith water qualified with a litle
Sheepsdung (not wetting the leaves) efpecially after a long froft,
3
a
FLORA. : Book f.
CH AP; XL;
R= ser Aving now fet down all the belt flower bearing
se Fe: }
IS feiss £4" Plants that are permanent,we will conclude this Book
ie) BS BSL wich fome {weet Herbs,and fuch only as are worthily
py) We Ee received by the Colle@ors of flowers, which done, re-
Sree fer you to Ceres, who ‘will acquaint you inthe next
book with her beft feedlings. , |
| aS Marum.
PA Melick rifeth about a foot high 5 with ftiff hard ftalks di-
vided into many branches, thinly fet with {mall green leaves, two
atevery joynt; atthe tops of the ftalks , and branches, come forth
(mall white fowers among a tuft of white downy threds ; the whole
Plant is of fweet and pleafant {cent, J one veeen
Mardm Syriacum. > Se ee
Aspe Maftick groweth not fo tall as the former, the leaves
{maller, whiter, and thicker fet onthe branches , like thoie o
Myrtle, at the tops of the ftalks ftand many green knaps or heads,
like thofe of fieet-Margerom , but bigger and greener 5, theroot is
woody, and the whtole Plant of adelicate {weer feent, very tender
and impatient. of cold, and therefore muft be fer ina potyand not
houfed in Winter, ut ordered as is directed for flos Cardinal» , and
carefully defended from Cats, that elfe will eatand deftroy ic, :
| Salvia.
Age is of many forts, but thofe fitteft for this place are the varie=
J gated great Sages, the one marked with white , the other with
yellow, and the fmall {weet Sages the variegated arecommon , burt
thefmall morerare, There arefeveral forts of {mall Sage, but that’
here intended is a {mall tender Plant of a musky {weet fcent, far ex-
celling all the other, |
Majorana. te hes
Me™ is likewife of divers forts , but that called Winter
fweet- Margerom is moft efteemed , there are of this two forts,
but the beft hath {maller and browner green leaves than the other,
and as fweet as that yearly raifed of feeds,
Pulegiums
Chap. XL. FNOgset
3 Puleginm.
p2”: - Royal is acommon Plant in evéry Kicches Goidest, etpesially
the ordinary forts, but there is one more rare that hath the leaves
thick fer‘on the ftalks like-eufted Margerom, but cloferfet bear i
Lavendula.
Avender is of four feveral forts, one bia. another leffer, both
beating bleak blew flowers; a : chird that hath large broad gree
leaves; growing thick on the ftalks, never bearing any flowers wit
as, buc that which is moft efteemed is like the firft, butt that che
flowers are white and of a ftronger {weet fcent,
S erpillum.
Te is oF divers for out which three are chiefly to be chofem, .
Musk-Time, do and gilded-Tine, the two
firft are well known, fhe third hath fomething broad green leaves,
finely marked and gilded with yellow ; all fit to be placed in Pofies
among weet owes, ae EES deferve a es room in a flower-
All thefe ane aad Herbs are 5 railed bs fetting tha flips or bes
ches, inthebeginning of Apri/, being all apt to root and thrive, ex-
cept ‘the Affyrian Ma/ftick, aad the perfumed Sage, the firft being as
hard-to be’found as kepr, the latermore common, and fomething
curious inits confervation,
There is another fine Herby- imei
referv ed by the belt Florifts,
called Abrotanum viridi flore amplo, this :
‘is a kind. of Sowtherwood ;
it grows low, witha thick tute of very fmall; long, whitifh green —
leaves, of an Oily fcent, and in Ful beareth fine yellow flowers, on
{mall naked ftalks ; itis vender , and therefore planted in pots to be
houfed in Winter, and may be increafed by ferting the flips in March,
which will profperif if ferin the inate in seas and oe 3 from cold
in Winter,
And nowas we begun with’ Bayes, we will end wise selene, the
feveral kinds inferted thall end chis Book,
Rofmarinum.
R ener is of feveral fine forts, befides the common kind, with
which all are acquainted , we will onely name them and fo
conclude this Book,
Rofmari~
174
FLOR 4. Book 1.
Rofmarinum latifolium.
: Be leaved Rofemary, in the fafhionand manner of growing ; is
like the common kind , but bigger in all the parts thereot, the
Jeaves broader, thicker fet on the branches , and of a frefher green
colour,
Rofmarinum Aureum.
Gi” Rofemdry differeth from the common kind, in that the leaves
o are varioufly ftriped with yellow , as if they were gilded with
Leaf-Gold,
Rofmarinum Argenteum.
G21er Rofemary hath finaller leaves than the laft, finely marked and
ftriped wich white or filver colour , therefore fo called, this is
more rare than the former, and of more delight and beauty,
Rofmarinum flore duplici. :
| Ouble- flowered Rofemary hath ftiffer talks, bigger and greener
leaves than the common kind, with many pale blew double
flowers, like Lark- Spurs, but leffer,
The Gildedand silvered Rofemaries , are in the Sommer monthsin
greateft beauty, and the more they are expofed to the Sun, the bet-
ter they will be marked , they all flower in May, and are increafed by
fetting the flips in March or the end of Augu/f,
In the Van at firft, the Bayes appear,
Rofemary at laft brings up the Rear ;
The one victorious Brows adorn,
The others at joyful Hymens worn,
Ladies te you the fir ft ts due,
Since none do conquer more than you,
Nor el joy can him betide
Hath fuch a Beauty to his Bride,
So Flora bids you now adiew,
Leaves firft, and laft, and all to you,
CERES
CERES.
The fecond Book.
BY. 5
JOHN R E A, Gent.
LONDON,
Printed by J.G. for Richard Marriott, and are to be fold at
his Shop in Fleet./treet, under the Kings-Head Tavern,
over againft che Inner Temple gate, 1665.
L
Chap. 1.
pene ROA
cy ae
~~ alte +)
. iy pieces
iG i.
a,
———
eee en A
PoE SKRCOND BOOK,
, Aving given you a full account of all the fair-
eft flowers which Flora hath afforded our
cold Country , and wich the pleafure of
their beautiful afpeéts paffed over the
Spring ; We arenowarrived at Sommer,
which that it may prefent you with fome-
thing befides Corn and Hay, Ceres prefents
her Harveft Garland, made up of all fuch
pretty Plants and fine Flowers as are yearly,
We will begin wich thofe chat laft longeft , and fo proceed to the
reft rhat are annual, and to be raifed by feeds from year to year; an
as in the former, fo in thefe you will find directions for the fowing,
tranfplafting, and preferving each particular ; and firft of the largeft
and longeft lafter.
CHAP,
176
CERES. Book IL
Gar Ary -
Malva Fortenfis.
ne
“|
Sn wae >
way 2
4 wy? G \)
p 22 26
ey
yy |
4 ti
SS
= TS ee" “o
7 ay
- fa)) \
* 3 hg — ~a thy
CaaS
The double Hollihocks have great long white roots, from whence
{pring up many round cornered leaves, like thofe of common Mal-
Jows, trom among which the ftalks fpring up five or fix foot high; fet
with green leaves, more cut in and divided, and from the middle to the
top, adorned with fmaller green leaves and fair large flowers, fome
very thick and double like the Province Rofe, fome that havethe out-
‘ter leaves broad, and a thick double flower compofed of fhorter
Jeaves inthe middle ; and thereare fome that the double flower hath
many heads , as if many {mall double flowers were thruft together —
intoone. Thecolours of thefe flowers in feveral Plants, are either
white, Silver-colour, Cream-colour, bluth, Rofe-colour, Carnation,
Scarlet, Orenge-colour, Brimfton-colour, bright red , dark blackifh
red, or purple ; of all which feveral colours 1 have Plants now grow-
ing inmy own Garden, After the flowers are palt, the feeds are con-
tained in round flat heads’, for the double kinds feed as well asthe
fingle, which are flat, and of a whitifh brown colour,
They commonly flower late in Auguft and September, forhat the
firft flowers muft be preferved for feeds ; for alt
of fome continuance > yet they are chiefly increafed and raifed from
feeds, whichare to be fowed in the beginning of April, where the
fecond year they will bear flowers , out of which thebeft may be
chofen, and thofe removed into the Garden in October after they
have done bearing, .
‘\
CHAP.
. nis
eee i A. aaa ah ot oR : SSS ety Sah
SR Ta at Fe Ce ee Rn Ray, nis eet Oe oar ne Ree ee w er es, = eo oo
ough the Plants are
Chap. Id. CERES
? CHAP: Il, |
Aquilegia, e
Sa olor: bines axe Plants well known, and commonly ‘raifed
Y KONIG from feeds, alchough their roots ate of fone continu-
ance, they are of many forts, differing in form, as well
as in'the:colours of the flowers; we willin thefe. as
in all the reft that are to follow,give you a brief account
of the beft varieties of each, with dire&ions how to
continue the kinds from year to year, ¢
_ The double Colombines, for the fingle are not regarded , are diftin-
suithed by the flowers » Which chiefly are of four colours, namely
white, blew, murrey purple, and red 5 fome deeper, and others ligh«
ters but thefe felf-colours at valued, thofe that are variegated
ftriped, {ported, or powdered, are onely entertained, whereof there
are many diverfities, differing in colours, or manner of marking, fr
each other; fomewill be half white, and half of another colour, as
light blew, violec-purple, murtey, of light reds others ftriped, fpot-
ted, and varioufly marked with thefe colouts. upon white, in fome
moreand in others lefs,
The double Inverted Colombines , chat is wich the heels turned in-
wards, are of feveral forts, as double and well-marked as thofe of
the former; and with the famecolours, but not fo plentiful in va-
aieties,
it; SSR SoEe aed. te pak dh rach gO oo Qi: ae a
~The double Rofe- Colom ines ave thofe.chat have noheels, but faad
on the ftalks like littledouble Refes, but that the leaves are tlarrow
and tharp-pointed , of thefe there are fome diverfities, of the fore-
mentioned colours, diverfly ftriped and mixed , fome bigger and lefs
double, and others leffer but more double,
<. The Degenerate Colombing is like the lat , bit that the outermott
row of leaves is much larger than the teft that are inward; the whole
flower is- commonly of a greeftifh purple colour, eBih a 23 ss}
The Virginian Colombine hath {mall fingle flowers with long heels,
of a yellowith colour, fhadowed with red 5 having deeper red {pots in
the hollow parts of the flower; this came to usin Plants from Vir-
einta, andirom the feeds thereof, many have been railed. bur few
Ike che original, moft of them degenerating into fimple fingle ill-co-
Toured flowers. ) 0283 | peGis)
© oPhey fowerin the end.of: Atay after the Telips are paft, and theres
fore the more acceptable, shat feafon a few other Hower
478
CERES. Book Ih”
Ailthe deuble Colomsbines do bring feeds as well as the fingle, which
nut be fowed in Apri! in the Nurcery » where the fecond year they
will bear flowers, out of which the beft may be chofen and removed
into the Garden, thereto continue three or four years, bue if they
be kept too long, they will curn fingle, ot jefs double,and few of them
will come well marked, fo that againft the fourth year'a new ftock
would be provided , and the old caft away ; almoft every root that
bears mixed-coloured flowers, will have fome that will be of one co- ~
four, the which,in fuch Plants of every colour and kind as you referve
to feed, muft be nipped off, and the beft marked flowers onely left to
feed, and fo youmay be fure of many fine varieties from the feeds of
fuch well-chofen flowers,
i , =. 2
CHAP, Ill,
Antirrbinum.
Nap-Dragon bath fome pretty diverfities, the
Plant is common and well known , and needeth
no defcription ; the chiefeft difference is in the
colours of the flowers, and the thing moft ne-
ceffary toinform, is how to gain the beft kinds,
and to keep and preferve them ; the firft an
moft common is that called ,
_ Antirrhinum album.
He white Snap-Dragonisfo common, that Ineed fay no moreof
it, but we have another kind thereof that is more rare, and this
is called
Antirrbinum album variegatum.
@ ox white variegated Snap- Dragon is inall things like the common
white, but onely that the upper broad leaf, that is divided in the
middle,and turned up at the edges, hath on the infide many fmall long
fearhered lines, of a fine purplifh colour , which addeth much to the
beauty of the flower, .
Antirrbinum rabrum.
5 red ete Tet is of two or three forts, the beft hath flow-
ers like theformer, but that they are of the colour of a deep
red Rofe, the other are red, but paler than each other, and there is
another that beareth fmaller red flowers than the former, having a
yellow fpot in the Nofe of the fower, as all the reft have, but int i
circled as it were almoft about with white,
. be (As
Chap: IP. CERES.
AMntirrbinum luteus
T He yellow Snap-Dragon is inall things like che comthon white, anid
onely differing in that the flowers are of a fair yellow colour,
They flower from May to Fxly, and the feeds are ripe in Augu ft;
All thefe kinds of S#ap-Dragous are raifed from feeds, and bear
flowers the fecond year from the fowing, and then, commonly the old
roots having perfected their feeds perith, yet the flips of them being
taken oft and jet in the manner directed for double (tock=Giliflowers,
will grow and bear flowers the year following ; the beft flips for this
purpofe are thofe that do not rifeup to flower, and the beft timeto
fet them, the end of May or beginning of Fune, I have now feveral
Plants of the variegated white and beft red, raifed from flips,arid have
thereby preferved the kinds many years; without fowing their feeds,
Re ae a i =
cgitee e x is
i eee es iu
ene ni mere
CH AP, Iv.
Linaria:
Ger iid, and Tode- ‘at have fome varieties planted in Gar
AVA VAV GN dens, the which we will onely ame, and fo pafs them
A OXwAeu over, being Plants of {mall efteem; and firft of the
4 3 ed Wild flax.
Wild flax with awhite fe hath many flender ftalks a foot high,
fet thick with broader leaves than thecommon Flax, bearing at the
top marly white flowers, mhadeof five fomching large leaves, with
{malllines of purple; the feed is like chat of the manured kind, but
the root will abide many years after the fowing , and although the
branches dye to the ground in Winter, new will come up atthe
Spring. :
wild flax with a yellow flower hath many reddifh ftalks, fet with
leaves like thofe of St, Fobns-wort, bearing at the top many flowers
like the former,but of a yellow colour ; the feeds are black, but not
- fhining, and the roots abide in the ground like thofe of the white,
Purple Tode- flax hath fat narrow long leaves, of a whitifh green
colour;fnipt about the edges, the ftalks bearing in a {pike divers {mall
flowers, made in the fafhion of thecommon Wild Tode-flaxbut leffer,
arid without heels behind, which ate eicher of a fadder purple, or
paler violet, with a yellow {pot in the gaping place of every Aowers
the feed is {mall and flat, of agrayith colour, and the root dies foon
after the feed is ripe, | oi
Bb 2 ; Sweet
179
CERES. Book tL.
sivect purple Tode- flax hath leaves lying on the ground like thofe
of : Dai fe ba esa with fmaller Bthe ftalk, which is branched at
the cop, and plentifully farnifhed with mafty {mall (and if the feafon
be hot) fweer Howers , fomething like chofe of the laft, bit of a
lighter purple; the feeds are alfo alike, but of a reddifh colour, and
thé root peritheth iti the like matiner,
Toad-flax of Valéntia hath more and bigger ftalks than the former,
ivith leaves like unto thofe of fmall Centory; at the topsof the
ftalks come forth the flowers, like in fafhion to the common wild
kind, but leffer, of a fait yellow colour, the gaping mouch down,
and che heei behind of a purplith colour.
Broom Tode-flax is onely commendable for the thick ftanding of
many fmall fair green leeves ina bufh, it rifech up witha ftreight up=
right ftalk, about a yard high, divided into many branches, and thofé
thick fet with fair green leaves , long and narrow, like chofe of the
common Flax 5 at the joynts come forth fmall reddith flowers, not
worth regarding, which are fucceeded by finall blackifh feeds, and
the whole Plant dies at the firft approach of Winter,
They flower in Fuly and Auguff, and the feed is ripe foon after 5
thofe whofe roots abide the Winter , are fit to be fet together, the
reft {owed with other annuals or feedlings , in fome place open to the
Sun ; the beftof them is, they are apt to come up, andneed but
{mall attendance, ep ee ee z
——.
CHAP. vy,
Digitales.
ASS) OX-gloves are of thrée feveral forts,
P a middle kind, and a leffer, and thefe are of three prin,
cipal colours, which are purple, whice, and yin ;
the beft that are received into Gardens, are thofe fol-
lowing, :
Digitalis major ferruginea.
He Dn-coloired Fox-glove hath long nicked grayith ereen leaves,
* aftalk five or fix foot high , beasfab a mile “4 {mall and
fhort flowers, of a yellowith dun-colour, with along lip at the Jower
| de of eachof them , the flowers are fucceeded by cods, containing
{mall dufty feeds; theroots commonly perifh after feeding, but if
they ftand warm, and are defended from Frofts in Wine ake Plants
will continue two or three years, 3 :
Digitalis
that is, a greater,
Chap.V. CERES
Digitalis media flore luteo rubente.
Te Orenge-tawny Fox-glove is of amiddle fize; having leaves 4
little bigger chan chofe of the leffer yellow ; the fowers are long
and narrow, of a fair yellowith brown colour, inclining to an Orenge-
tawney ; the feeds are like the former, ard the roots commonly
Perith after the feeds are ripe;
! Digitales alba major & minor.
T% great white Fox-glove differeth from the common red of the
field, in that the leaves and ftalks are of a yellowifh green co-
lour, and the flowers wholly white, there is ‘a leffer kind that is
more rare, it hath the leaves and ftalks fhorter, the flowers leffer, ofa
pure white colour, and thicker fet on the ftalk, ,
3 ek | ae De tt Sawer eagtn OF 1 = s f ES Pokit OP UP? eee eee
2 Oe great yellow Fox-glove hath leaves like, bur léfferthan thofe
| of the wild kind; the ftalkrifeth three or four foot high, bearé
ing ihany long hollow pendulous flowers , thorter than thofe of the
common kinde, and wider open at the brims ; the feeds are like thofe
of the former, and the root more woody and of long continuance,
Digitalis minor lutea pallida.
He {mall pale yellow Fex-zlove hath fomething broad finooth
dark green leaves, finely fnipt about the edges, a {talk two foot
igh, bearing-a multitude of long, hollow, finall, pale yellow flowers,
which are fucceeded by feeds, like thofe of the reft, bat er; the
root is compofed of divers hatd ftrings , and longer Jafting than any
of the former, :
They flower in Fune and Fyly, and that with dun flowers, feldom
before Auga/t.
All thefe kinds of Fox-gloves are raifed from feeds, and none of
_ them bear flowers until the fecond year ; the feeds are fowed in good
richearth in Apri/ in the Flower-Nurcery, and in September after re-
moved into the Garden,
CHAD.
*
CERES. Book Il
STA? Va. 3
Carduus.
Fe de as neyfome Weeds, are more ufually caft out,
? than as delightful flowers received into Gardens, yet
there are fome forts that may be accepted , and the
chiefeft among thefe feedlings inferted,
Carduus Globofus major.
He greater Globe-Thiftle hath many large leaves lying on she
sroutiere in and ie to the midale ribb, full of fharp prickles;
the ftalk rifech above a yard high, divided into branches, bearing great
round hard heads, thick fet with fharp-bearded husks , of a blewifh
green colour; out of the husks come forth pale blew flowers, fpreading
over the whole head; abraver thiftle never beautified a Scots Bonet ;
after the flowers are paft, the feeds are contained in the husks, which
muft be preferved, for the old Plant dieth in Winter,
: Carduus Globofws minor.
WG leffer Globe-Thiftle hath leaves like the former, but leffer and
whiter, the ftalk and head of flowers not fo bigg , the root
more durable, commonly lafting three or four years, bearing flowers,
Thefe flower ufually in Augu/ff, andfometimes later , being fow-
edof feeds, they will come to bear flowers the fecond year, There
are fome other forts of Thiftles, which in general collections are re-
ceived into Gardens, but none of them fit for our purpofe,
cn AP, Vin
Scabiofa.
> Cabious isa Plant well known,efpecially thofe forts there-
of which carry blew flowers, and grow wild in the fields,
RA) aes buc there are other kinds of Scabious , which as well for
fae thebeaury of their fowers,as being Foreiners, find friend -
| ly entertainment fronrall that delight in feedlings , but
firft take one of our own Country to ufher in the other ftrangers,
Scabiofa
\ a
a
Chap, Vt CE REDS.
S cabiofa flore albo.
VV Hite flowered Scabiows hath many jagged green leaves , like
Me that of the field, but leffér, bearing ftalks and flowers of rhe
{ame fafhion , onely differing in colour, the flowers of this being
white ; this hath been found wild in the fields, and thence for the ra-
rity brought into Gardens,
$ cabiof.1 rubra Auftriaca.
Ed Scabious of Auftria, in leaves refembleth the Devils bit, but
: fhorter, and onely fnipt about the edges, the flowers are of the
Fathion of thofe of other kinds, in oneof a deep red colour, and in
another of a fine bright purplifh red; che feeds area littlelong and
round, fet with hairs at the ends,
. Scabiofa rubra Indica:
£d tndidn Scabions hath many jagged green leaves lyitig on the
ground, from whence rife up divers ftalks, divided into feveral
branches, bearing flowers like thofe of the former, but of various
colours, fome being deep crimfon, others murrey purple, in both,
fome deeper, and others paler ; and fome will have the outer leaves
of adeeper or lighter murrey ; and the middle of the flower almoft
white ; we have fome that bear their flowérs like tlie Childling Day-
Re, marly {maller comihg out on long foot-ftalks of the fides of one
larger ower ; and many other diverfities are obferved to procee
from the feeds of this kind which are yearly fowed, for the Plant
commonly dyeth after it hath given feeds, yer if ic ftandin a warm
place, and the Winters prove milde , fome Plants will laft and bear
flowers two or three years, Me
The two firft Mower about Fuly ; the other, if they bear the firft
rthey are fowed, it will be late in September fo that then from fuch
Plants little good feed can be expected, but the beft way to be fure of
good feeds, is about the beginning of Fune to remove the young
Plants, to keep them back from running up to flower the firft year,
‘which will caufe them to bring their fowersfooner the next , and fo
have time to ripen the feeds,’ from which being fowed in April,many
more varieties may be raifed than are before defcribed, efpecially from
the flowers that are of the lighteft and moft mixed colours, the which
are chiefly to be referved for chat purpofe,
CHAP.
183
184
CERES. Book. IL
CHAP, vViil.
Cyanus.
eg Orn- flower, or Blew-bottles, are common in every
5, corn-field, efpecially thofe with blew flowers, of
which kind many diverfities are raifed from feeds,
{. differing in colour, tor fome of them will be blew,
Fa like chat of the field, other white, bluth, fadder or
ssi lighter, purple, brighter or darker, red, or elfe of
— thefe colours mixed, as edges whice, the reft blew
or purple, or the flower white, edged with blew or, purple, in fome
ftriped, fpotted, or divided, half the flower of one colour,and the
other of another, and often the middle of the flower of a fadder and
deeper colour thanthe reft, After the flowers are patt; the fcaly
heads contain (wrapped in downy matter) {mall hard white thining
feeds, which muft be preferved and fowed at the Spring, for the roots
yearly perifh, 3 | |
_ There is another fort more rare than any of the former, called the
Sultans flower, thefeeds are {maller and blacker than thofe of the
former, the plants bigger in all the parts thereof, the flowers are lar-
ger, and of a purplifh blufh-colour in one, and in another Snow-white,
more beautiful than any of the former ; theroots yearly perifh, and
the feeds not very apt to come up, or the Plant to profper, bue
requireth to be often watered, andto be nurfed up ina hot bed,
We have another called the spanifh Corn-flower, which rambles
and takes up more ground than can well be {pared for fo poor a
Plant’; the flowers are of a pale purplith blufh-colour, buc not fo
fair nor beautiful as the laft , this feeds, and yearly dies as the
reft doe,
The firt kind fower in Fane and Fuly, the two laft "ok untill
Auguft , the Sultans flower is of fome efteem, but the reft are little
valued, yet by fuch as want beteer things entertained,
‘ We have another Plant which Mr. Parkinfon in his flerilece fers
forth by the name of Facea marina Batica, Spanifh [ca Knabweed.
: : : uty
then rarewith him, but now common in almoft every Garden, and is
nowther than that rambling lafting Plant, vulgarly called the &reat
Cyanus, Or Blew-bottle, 7
© Carthamus Sativus, ba ftard Saffron,is an annual, yearly raifed from
feeds, it hath broad green leaves, a round hard ftalk, branched at the
top, and each branch bearing one reat {caly head, out of which com-
eth
Chap. 1X. CE: GE §,
etha tuft of fhining gold-coloured threds, which keep that colow
(though gathered) along time , the feed is round and long, white
and hard, but feldome ripens with us, and the root yearly dies s the
feeds come to us from Spain, where much is planted, tor the ufeof the
dyers of filk, fur
~ CHAP, Ix,
Amaranthus.
a= Lower Gentle is chiefly of two forts, the greater, and the
ASG) Jeffery of the firft there are fome diverfities, but mariy
pL] more and better of the latter, of which there hath lace-
msi ly been obferved twenty five varieties, all in flower to-
st) an Pa : ARR Ties chai . an
.)
poe tae
7 a fs P mone
ROWM gi lusevre % yor 3
i a
——— 3 ——
Amaranthus purpurews major.
“He great Floramour hath a thick and tall crefted ftalk, with many
~& reddih, large green leaves, the ftalk divided into many branches,
bearing long {pikes of round hairy tufts, ofa reddifh purple colour,
which are divided into feveral parts, wherein (when full ripe) great
ftore of fmall white feeds is contained ; this is an old flower and com-
mon, called by fome Country women, Love lies a bleeding ; we have
now of this kind fome other varieties, that differ chiefly in the tufts
or flowers, fome bigger, others leffer, fome purple mixed with green,
others wholy of a whitith green colour; they are hardy, fowed in
April, will flower in the end of F#/y, and perith with the firft frofts,
Amaranthuus purpureus m'nor.
“He leffer purple Flower Gentle cometh up with yellowith green
-& leaves, a little reddifh, fomething broad at the ftalk, and fharp
pointed, the ftalk fec with thefe leaves, rifeth about rwo foot high,
branched at. the top, and bearing flowers, which are long, foft, and
gentle tufts of hairs, many ftanding clofe together in form ofa Pyra-
mis, of avexcellent rich deep fhining murrey purple colour, which ir
will retain (after itis gathered) many moneths : the feeds of this (as
of all the reft) are fall black and thining, and the roots perifh as thofe
of the former. i’
Amaranthus diverforum colorum.
: ne
Ree Gentles of divers colours do little differ from the laft, either
in leaves, ftalks, or feeds, only as their flowers are of deeper or
fighter colours, fo are the leaves paler green, and leffer red than orher,
the chiefeft difference is inthe flowers, which are not only of many
| Cec feveral
CRR AS, Book Tt.
fevéral colours, but notably differing in form of growing: fome with
ond fpike, others with many, fomeround, and others more: flat: and
divided into divers: parts: the colours mof common to thefe..flowers
ase parple, fcarlet, and gold-colour,.in fome deeper , in others lighter
or paler,in very great variety, and in all exceeding bright and thining 5
fine flowers to be fet in pots co fupply the place of Gri flowers, thefe
coming to flower as foon as they are paft, and with the great Afri-
cas Marigold make a gallant fhew ina Garden,
Amaranthus tricolor.
| tS ect Gentle of three colours differeth from the former, in that the
leaves are in fome hot years parted into three colours, namely,
gtednjred, and yellow 5 the flowers fmall;andvof no‘ efteém ; the
whole beauty of the: plant beg inthe marking of the leaves ; the
feeds like thofe of the former,andithe root as foon perifhing,
a aN ; I ec uise “7 Tt vin : ;
They flower ufually in Aueu/ft, but fome: years nor untill late in
_ September ; therefore that they may flower betimes, and perfec their
feeds, fow the feedsin'a hot bed'about the middle of March; after the
plants are come up, and have gotten fome ftrength, make anew hot
bed;and after the violent heat is paft, take them up with earth abour
them; and fer chemmtherein , abouc the beginning of aay, tranfplant
them where they may ftand toibear flowers); the place mutt be open
tothe'Sun, and the foil light and rank, and often. watered, Thus by
removing them ffonrone hovbed to another, it will caufe them to
‘thrive, and not only afford you many gallant flowers, but ftore of
good feeds, which will continue good three or four years, fo to pre-
vent wanting, you may referve a quantity from year to year, for in-
deed," good Garden would be unfurnifhed with thefe beautiful
flowers, the chiefeft, and moft deferving efteem of all the annuals
or feed- flowers,
Helichryfum five Amaranthus luteus.
Te golden Flower Gentle,or Goldy locks,is a ftranger in our Coun-
‘trey, it ‘will neither be raifed from feeds, or liveifthe Plants
fhould be procured out of the hotter Countreys ; yet I have feen
two forts thereof in flower in London, many years fince 5 they came
up with fmall ftalks, thinly fee with narrow long whitifh green leaves,
beating at the ends of the ftalks, many f{mall, double, gold-yellow
flowets, in the one round, and in the other bigger, and flaract top;
both keeping their colour, and not fhedding their leaves » many
moneths after they are gathered, as I have feen in divers cry Plants 5
thefe and the Cats-foot, or Cotton weeds, grow wild in fome parts of
Italy, Candy, and other hot Countreys, but will not live with us.
BA ae
_ CHAP,
Chap. X. CT BRES
wit a
CHAP, xX,
Delphininm.
Wl Arks-heels are of feveral ores; as well double as fingle ; yet
there is but one kind worth the preferving; which is that
called
, Delphininm elatins flore pleno.
D ouble upright Larks-heels have {mall jagged leaves, tall upright
ftalks, branched at the top; and bearing mariy fine double flow-
ers, inform like to the Rofe-Celombine , infeveral Plants of oe
entire colours, as purple, blew, Ath-colour;: Rofe-colour, pale
blu(h; or whites thefe are the moft ufual colours, yet fometimes fomeé
roots will bring flowers that are ftriped and variegated with blew and
white, and often with fome leaves blew, and others purple ; after the
flowers are paft, the feeds are contained in {mall horned pods, which
are black and round, the which being fowed will bring fome Plants
with fingle; but moft with double flowers; the roots perifh in
Winter,
"They flower according to the time of fowing them, fooner or Ia-
tet,in Fuly or Awguft, but I have often had Plants that have come up
from feeds fallen out of the pods before Winter, which have conti-
riued and born fair double flowers in Fume following, and turnifhed me -
with mueh good feed, :
The ufual time to fow thefe feeds is the beginning of April, but to
get good feeds, which is a chiet confideration inthefe Plants, I ufu-
ally fow fome as foonas they are ripe, in fome place where they may
be deferided from lotig frofts in Winter, arid one of thefe Winter
plants is worth ten of thofe raifed ir the Spritig, arid will yield more
ood feed; yet int fome kindly Somers, thofe of the Spring will feed
reafotiable well, Next unto thefé two other Plants are ranked, in te-
fpect their dowers refemble the fingle Lar ks-heels, the firlk is called
Nafturtium Indicum.
Ndian Creffes, or yellow Larks-heels, fpread iftto miany lorig tray-
ling branches, four or five foot long, which, unlefs fupported, lie
oft che ground, and take up much room ; the leaves are {mooth and
round, the flowers of a fair yellow colour, in tafhion foinething like
afingle Larks-beel, but the leaves ftand plainer, and fome of them aré
freaked with red ; the flower isfo well known, that I need not to -
be cutious in defcibing it for few Gardens of any nove are without
; ; c2 If,
488
CERES. Back Ut.
it; the feeds are totigh, afd uneaven, falling of themfelves, atid gq-
thered off the ground and preferved; for the root dies in Winter, =
T he fowers come forth in Fuly, and the Plant continues flowririg
- until it be checked by frofts ; the feeds are. fowed in 4pril, and if they
be ripe and good, are apt enough! fd come up, and che trayling
branches as they grow; may beled upon a pack-thred faftened un-
to fticks, into what form you pleafe, orthey may be bound to rods
ftuck in the earth, that they may not ly onthe ground, The other
Plant wherewith we will conclude this Chapter is called
Balfamina feemina. |
i sees female at: hatha thick reddith ftalk like Purflane,
» bun :
=
of Winter, 2
The flowers come forthin Fuly and Augu/t, and rarely yield any
good feeds inour Countrey ; the Plant is tender, and muft be fowed:
in a hot bed, and remov'd into good ground, and carefully ar-.
— with watering in the heat of Somer, elfe it will quickly
peril, erate — > eal WHE
- ° a as
Salk ‘ ee et :
een ee oe eee
=
att Ph eee ee bles aoe . ” 4
mere ’ d ° = Re eters
CHAP, xI ius
Blattaria.
es) 4 4er, or Moth Mullen, hath fome diverfities that are
In Neva (@] COmmoniy raifed from feeds, whofe roots perifh in
4 Fs WWincer, but chere are others that will continue many
fee) Years, and yield ingreafe trom the root, the firkt of whic
eS) is that. called ee
‘te
Blattaria flore purpureo.
' ground, from among which rifeth up a ftalk a yard high, beating ,
fiom the middle to. the top many fait purple flowers, confitting
ve leaves, with fome threds in the middle the roos is long and
browA, abiding many years, and increafing , of this kind there is
hat bearegh
IDS. S2c5:
another § flowers of a Vigles blew colour, in other refpects
not differ oh srk: |
‘Blattaria
7 | ;
Chap) XI CERES
bal ae a da Blattaria lutea odorata |
Qe yellow Moth Mullen hath leaves of a grayer green colour than
thofe of the former , the ftalk rifeth about a yard high, divided ih-
to branches, bearing pale yellow flowers of the fathion of the other,
bur fmaller; and of an excellent fweet {cent ; the root abiding as
- well as the former; - :
Blattaria flore luteomajor.
‘He great yellow Moth Myllen hath larger and greener leaves thati
* any of the former, the ftalk four foot high, bearing many fair
yellow flowers, broader and larger than thofe of the purple, which
are fucceeded by round buttons, containing feeds ; the root perifheth
in Winter, after ic hath born flowers and feeds, Like unto this
kind there is a newer variety, differing only in that the flowers are be-
_ twixt red and yellow, but more xed than yellow; and abiding the
ER a niet
f - Blattaria flore albo.
VW Hite Moth Mullen differeth from the great yellow, in that the
flowers are not allthing fo broad, and of a fair white colour,
-with purple threds in the middle ; the root perifhing in the fame
manner, | | ,
The two firft fower in the beginning of May, the reft in Fune,
“omphefe°ate plants of lietle repueation ; thofe whofe roots conti:
fite are the Ee lehep imap ie meatal ‘by parting the roots, or
=
raifed from feeds, and will bear flowers thefecond year, The great
yellow and the whice are raifed of feeds only, the root not lafting like
thofe of the three other forts, :
CRAexn, :
« Papaver Multiplexs: 0 0 oe
~ Ouble Poppies are become the common ornaments of the
YA Kitchen-Garden, and are fo well known that they need
no defcription, the colours of the flowers are red, pur-
ple, Scarlet, Lead-colour, white, or bluth, and of thefe
many varieties, {ome deeper, and others lizhter ; there
= aie that beareth finall, but very double flowers, every leaf where-
of is half white, and half red, and another of a fine Scarlet colour ftrie _
ped with white; befides thefe, the {mall double sch Scarlet, which
diferech
ib
190
| CERES. ‘Book IL.
iffereth onely from the fingle field popy in the doublenefs of the
pat is of hes efteem ie but the rareft of all the reft, is one lately
difcovered, differing onely from the laft, in that che flowers are of a
fine Gold yellow colour, |
They flower in Fune, and yield ftore of feeds, which falling of
themfelves, or gathered, and fowed in the Spring , willcome up and
profper in any place , the party-coloured red, the ftriped Scarlet, the
{mall double Scarlet , and efpecially the yellow, are thofe moft
— efteemed,
. ag ht Se Pana Rt <SRS e t
—_ H ms de ‘ .
CHAP, xii,
Nigella.
He Fensel-flower hath fome few varieties, whofe feeds are
preferved, and yearly fowed in Gardens, the Plantis fo
common and well known, that it needeth little deferip-
tion, the firft is that fingle kind called = |
Nigella Fii{panica.
Sih Nigella hath leaves like Fennel, the flowers are fingle, con-
fifting ot five larger leaves than thofe of rhe other forts > com-
monly of a bleak blew colour, witha green head in the middle, com-
paféd about with little gaping hollow. leaves and a yellow line 3 after
¢ flowers arepaft, the head grows bigger, with a crown on the top
Spread like a Star; the feeds are round and of a yellowith green colour,
Nigella flore duplict. .
He double Nigella hath leaves like the former , the flowers confift-
_ ing of three or four rows of fmaller leaves » one lying under
‘another , of a pale blew colour in one » and white in another; the
feeds are black, contained in round heads,
They flower in the end of Fyne or beginning of Fu/y, and are year-.
ly raifed from feeds , which fowed in the Spring are apt to come up,
and require {mall attendance,
CHAP.
> yal sGyfanthemums, “i 10.
=| Orn-Marigold isan annual fcarce worth the fowing,
{ome retain two forts, ‘that 1s\cCryfasthimenm Cre+
ticum, the Corn-Marigold of Candy , which isa
fimple fingle pale yellow flower, and Cryfanthi-
Sia.i| mum Peruviannm , the Corn-Marigold ot Peru,
Moeys which is that great Monfter’we-call:she Flonier
of the Sun, ot which there are‘two:fortsi, t
one bearing round, and the other Oval yellow flowers , hereros
foreadmired, but now growncommon, not at all refpected,. 24 : 0
so 2 iiidiiesi 2s ih Git 227iTomncl
C alendula flore p end. :
5 ea aoe Garden- Marigolds are yearly fowed of feeds in Kitchen
AY Gardens; there is one kind thereot rhat beareth-fair large double
flowers, far excelling theother common kinds; 93 ‘0 > *
h3t2° 4 3 : Wi SISVID BIND DAL CT TsSs Fhe
Vode exauemcl , After Attious flore lateos osiis*9ilss0'* (ura sae
it \ Bie B iit ! “HOlOD Wold ¥-Riga ae
i ys Stay-wort hath rough leaves ‘ofa dark green’colour’,‘the
ftalk divided into branches, beating at the ends*five or fix green
leaves, ftanding round like a Star, with a flower in the middle, con
filting of narrow long pale-yellow leaves, compafsing a yellowifh
brown thrum ; thefe fowers appear in Func, and as foon as the feeds
ureripe, the root dies 3 we haveanother which we'call After Atticus
[talorum, the Italiam Star-flover, commonly called the blew Marigold;
which will continue many years, and yield increafe from the roots «ic
flowereth late , feldom before September , and the flowers like thofe
of afingle Marigold, but of a purplif blew colour, with a yellowifh
brown thrum in the middle,
Flos Africanus.
= Gee African, Or French vate Sa , and the varieties thereof, are
well known to moft perfons that delight in lowers , there,are
three principal kinds, and of them fome that bear fingle, others
double flowers, fome deeper, and others paler , but the belt of them
is chat called
Flos Africanus maximus multiplex.
He greateft double African, or French Marigold, hath many winged
leaves like thofeot the Afh, finely purled about the edges » oat
ror
192
ERR ES. - + Book IL
of a dark green colour ; the ftalk rifeth commonly a yard high , to-
wards the top divided into branches, fet with green leaves , and each
branch bearing one large double flower, confifting of a multitude of
leaves, of afair gold-yellow colour on the upper fide, and paler un-
derneath ; and fometimes there will come diverfities from the feeds
of one flower, fome being paler than others, thefe fair great double
flowers rife out of a large pod, wherein after they are paft, long nar-
row black feeds are contained, from which the feveral varieties are
raifed, | and fome.of them will bring large fingle flowers with a thrum
in che middle, although takenfrom double flowers, Rist Gib
Bel
el FIDL. XSRKO IO Ristian Mi -3 3 i=
“wiowe\eo cas FloscAfricanus fiftulofo flore multiplex.
as%- to 4 Age ae 8s," > ote G sx S ei ig
PPiute hoilow-leafed African , or French Marigold, is like the laft,
» .but{mallers, the flowers are thick and double, compofed of ma-
ny hollow leaves}, opening'at the ends , in fome of adeep, in others
of a paller yellow colour, and asthe former, fo the feeds of this will
fometimes bring fingle flowers,
Flos Africanus minor flore pleno.
ope leffer double French, or African Marigold, hath leffer leaves
than any of the former , theftalks not. fo ftrong and upright,
but leaning and turning divers ways; the flowers.are thick and double,
but much fmaller than thofe of the otherkinds, fometimes wholly
ofa gold-yellow colour, and fometimes the outer leaves being bigger
do likewife bring fome fingle fowers aé well as double, and diverfi-
ties of both, as; bigger, and leffer, r, and paler, but none of
much efteemed in refpect of their evil fmell. ,
» The two firft kinds flower about the beginning of September, and
thelaftcommon fort fooner; the roots perith with the firft Frofts,
and are yearly renewed by feeds, for which purpofe the firft flowers
dre to be preterved, and the feeds fowed in the beginning of Aprilin
2 hor bed, efpecially thofe of the two firft kinds’, and after they are
come ~' and of fome ftrength , removed into a ood rich foil thar
ftandeth in the Sun, where being watered they vt profper, and bear
fiore of gallant double flowers, the feed whereot are onely tobe
preferved, —
CHAP,
than thofe within, are‘of adeeper and fad colour ; the feeds ‘of this
"Ay St
Chap. XY. CERES.
CHA P. OX. .
Convolvulus Ceruleus.
Lew Binde weedis of two forts, a bigger and a leffer, the firtt
y tifeth up. with many long winding branches; fet with large,
, and fomething round leaves, pointed.at the ends, the howe
3 y ctscome forth ar the joynts upon long foot-ftalks, which
=. ‘being blown opem;-are like bells, with broad open mouths,
ending in five corners, ofa fair blew colour; tending’ to purple; thefe
flowers openin thenight, and-are to be {een in the morning. before
theSun, for as foomas it thines upon chem, they are all gone and-ne-
ver appear again ; after the flowers are paft , the husks contain round;
black feeds; the'roots perith in Winter, ;
_ There is of this kind another that hath cornered leaves like toy,
the flowers of adeeper blewi; more reddifli in the five plaits and bot-
tom, in all other things like the former. It rete & 30
_ The leffer Bind: weed hath fmaller and longet leaves than the firft,
and a weak ftalk, rifing about.cwo foot high; the flowers come forth.ac,
the joynts where the leaves ftand, like the other in fathion, but leffer,:
and far more beautiful, being of a fair blew, colour with a white Star
ia thebottom ; the feeds are like the former, but fmmaller, and the
root dies with the firft approach of Winter,
: 7h Spencer kinds flower late in September the lefler in Fune and
Fuly; t 5, tp early raifed from feeds, the firft' requiring a hot
bed, but theother is hardy and will come up and thrive without thac
-. trouble; as for thered flowered Bind weed of America, we muft not,
expec to fecit bear in England, and the Lavender leafed Bind-weed,
isa weed indeed common in many fields in divers Exglifh Countries,
We have another fort of Be/l- flowers raifed from feeds, called .
Viola Mariana.
, A Arians Violet, ox Canterbury Bells, the ficft year after che feeds
+¥S are fowen,cometh up with many hairy leaves , fomething
broad and long, {pread on the ground ; the year after che ftalk rifech
ayard high, divided into many branches fet wich {maller leaves , aud
a multitude of flowers ftamding in green husks , which are large,
round, hollow Bells, {welling in the middle, with narrow necks, and
ending in five corners, in fome of a white or filver colour,and in others
of a pale or deep purple; the feed is fmall,contained in {quare husks,
andthe whole Plant dies as foo as the feeds are ripe, fo that the
kinds are continued , by fowing thefeeds in 4pri/, with other annu-
als, and after removed where the Plants may ftand co bear flowers,
Dd CHAP
6b
194
CERES. Book IL
*
CHAP, XVI.
3 tramonium.
Horn- Aple is of two forts,a greater and a leffer, the firft
rifech up with a ftrong round ftalk four or five foor
_ high, fpreading at the joynts into many branches , fer
a with large dark green cornered leaves, cut and jag-
he: ged about the edges; at the joynts come forth large
Bell-fathioned white flowers, which are facceeded by great round and
| fomthing prickly Thorny green heads, which being ripe, open into
three or four parts, and difcover a great quantity of blackifh flat feeds’
within them; theroor dies in Winter’, and new Plants often come
up of its own fowing,
There is another, little differing from this, but chat the flowers are
of a light purple colour, | ei Ponts pee oe}
The leffer Thorn- Aple differeth from the former , in that it is lower
and much leffer in all the parts thereof; the leaves are {mooth and
rent at the edges, and the ftalks without branches ; the flowers come
forth at the joynts like the other, not fo big, but more beautiful,
white in colour, and like a Bell in fafhion; the Aples or heads that
contain the feeds are leffer, rounder and harder than thofe of the grea-
ter kind ; therootdies at.the frit appearance of Winter, :
We talk much of two other varieties of this leffer kind , the one
bearing flowers ingeminated, or hofe ix hofe , one coming out of the
other; and another that isdouble, confifting of two or more rows of
leaves rifing equally together ; I have feen the figures of both thefe
well cat in Brafs, in two or three Books of Flowers Printed in Forein
Countries, and it is like that fuch there are in thofe parts, but Iam
pie: they were never feen in England , otherwife than in
picture.
_ For that with fingle flowers will hardly flower with us, andif ir do :
it is fo late that it feldom yieldeth any good feeds, the greater kind is
common and will grow any where, the fitteft place is in an Orchard
or KitchensGarden, for it takes moreroom than the Plant deferves,
CHAP
.
Gap. XVI CER KS.-
wil APS SVE. |
Mirabilia Peruyiana.
DU He Mervail of Perw hath a big ftalk, bunched at thé
joynts, of a fair green colour, in thofe that will bear
white and red flowers, red in thofe with red fowers,
dark green in thofe with yellow flowers , and brown
waters ee in thofe with red and yellow flowers; thefe ftalks
{pread into many branches , fet at the joynts with fair green leaves,
betwixt which and the ftalk the flowers come forth on fhort foot-
ftalks, in fathion like thofe of the leffer blew Bind-weed, narrow at the
bottom,and wide openat the brims, which in feveral Plants are of the
a8 white, red, orsyellow; but the rareft are
fore-mentioned colours, 3
thofe with variegated flowers , either red and white, or red andyel- _
low: thefe flowers (like thofe of the Bizd-weeds) open in the night, and
as foon as the Sun fhines upon them, the brims fhrink inward and wi-
ther-away, fo that they are tobe feen latein evenings, or early in
mornings, and therefore have been called the flowers of the night , af-
ter the flowers are paft, each of them is {ucceeded by one feed, of
.the bignefs of afmall Peafe, witha fhort neck likea little bottle,
the roots arelong likea Raddifh, blackifh on the outfide, and -com-
monly perifhing in Winter, aoa i £f3
-They flower from the-end of Fuly, untill Winter check their
luxury ; the feeds are fet in the beginning of Aprilina hot bed, and
thence removed into fome: place where they may have the benefit of
the Sun; fuchroots as flower not the firft year , being covered in
Winter with Horfe-litter , will bear fooner the year following and
yield good feeds, and the roots of fuchas have born , being taken
up in the beginning of Winter, laid for a time to dry, and then wrap-
ped feverally in Woollen rags, and fo kept all the’Winter, being
fet in the ground in the beginning of arch, will profper and bear
flowers in due feafon ; heretofore this Aower hath been much efteem=
ed, and yet is by many much defired, ee
De 4° ~ SM AY:
195
196
CE RES. Book tt
CHAP, XVII,
Pomum Amorts.
Ge Goaa| Ples of love are of three forts, the.moft common
A W="5|_ hath long trailing branches, fet at the joynts with
winged rough leaves and yellow flowers, which
are fucceeded by Aples, as we callthem , of the
bignefs of anordinary Crab, not round but bunch-
-edon the fides, of apale Orenge-colour, full of a
waterith flimy pulp, wherein fmall feeds are contained the root
dieth in Winter, Of this kind thereis another fort, that differeth
onely in that he Aples are of a pale yellow colour ; and we havea
‘third that is of a leffer kind, fmaller in all the parts thereof, and bears.
ing many fine round Berries of a bright Orenge-colour, containing a
flimy pulp and {mall feeds, as the reft do, |
_ ‘Thefe Plants are received onély for the beauty of the Aples or
Berries, as they are commonly called, the flowers being not confider-
able, the feeds are yearly fowed in the beginning of April, and muft
be often watered to bring chin forward, elfe Winter will take them
before the fruit be ripe, which feldom comes to perfection before
the middle of September, | pase a
fo. fiji e passion . Sion 3
ee. a eke e j eS ere ee ae Se
eo
CHAP, XIX,
Thlafpi Creticum.
Andy tufts are {mall Plants rifing about a foot high,
with ftalks fet with long, narrow, notched, whitith-
green leaves ; at the tops ftand many fmall fingle
flowers clofe fet together , which infome Plants are
all white, others ‘havea purplih fpot in the middle,
and fome are all of a pale purplecolour ; the feeds are
fmall and reddith, and the roots yearly perith, os
They flower in. the beginning of Fuly, and will thrive in almoft
any ground, being fowed in Apri/ with other annuals,
CHAP,
Oe Ee Ne
SS er eee Eg
Cha, XX,XXI CERES
CHAP. XX,
Lupinus Sativus.
Arden Lupins are chiefly of four forts; the firft and
moft common is that with yellow flowers, of which
d ey ail lea®
A (WRN 1: : COW -
Yi ‘ey 7h kind there is another in all things like anto it, but that
WAS ‘| the flowers are white; the two other forts are called
Pea blew Lupins, whereof there is a bigger and a leffer,
but the bigger is much the better ; they bear Peafe-like bloffoms, of
ablewcolour, with fome mixture of purple and white in the middle;
they are yearly fowed of the Peafe-like {potted feedsin April, with
other annuals, Unto thefe may be added the Scarlet Kidney Bean,
now common ahd well known unto all chat delight in flowers; chis
groweth taller, and rampeth more tha
ers, which in fafhion are like thofe of the field Beam, but of an ex-
cellent bright Scarlet colour ; after the flowers are paft, the Beans are
contained in long codds, which may be eaten green, as other Kidney
Beans are, which when they areripe, are of delicate reddifh marbled
colour, and fome of them black; ae be fet before April,
and where they may haveroom, and th®benefit of the Sun, :
NE Swe YY 84 Hae
~~ * Lathyrus latifolins:
nuance, yet it ss raifed irom the feeds, which being like
fall Peafe and fowed, will be two or three years betore
the Plants grow big enough to bear flowers , and after
the roots will continue long, the branches dying to
the ground in Winter, and rifihg again at che Spring’;
ic beareth many large Peafe-like bloffoms, of a purplith red colour,
ftanding on long foot-ftalks ; this is commonly planted under Walls,
where it may be fupported, for if the Plant be old , the branches will
~ grow toagreatlength, and twine with clafpers about what is next it,
meeenenns
EK
G2A\ =
k
meena
Ay
SS
M
q
A)
De
Orobus Venetus.
D Lew everlafting Peafe differeth from the former, in that the Plant
is much {maller, and the flowers of a Violet purple colour, not
fo common, yet as long lafting , and railed from feeds like the
former, a
= ; = : CHAP,
any of the other, twining —
about what isnear it ; the beaury of this Plant confifts in the flows.
Eafe everlafting, although it be a Plant of long éonti-
t97
198
CERES, Book I,
CHAP. Xxi.
Medica.
SSogal Nails, or Button, are of divers forts, raifed yearly from
il Peafe-like feeds, only regarded for the veffels, which
Nei infome are like a Snails houfe, {mooth ronled up,
ewe others prickly, fome like {mall Buttons, and others
=Zek AS rough and hairy, and of all thefe forts varieties ; pretty
toyes for fuch as delight in fimple feedlings, like unto thefe there are
others called i
Scorpioides. |
Aterpillers, like the laft, are only efteemed for the feed veffels,
lich are like green Worms, or Caterpillars, fome bigger, and
others leffer ; the Plants trail on the ground, and muft be fupporteds
the feeds yearly fowed in April, the common time for moft {eedlings,
: Hedyfarum clypiatum,
He red Satten lower, vulgarly called, French Hony-[uckle,is com-,
mon in moft Gardens, it hath many ftalks, fet with winged green
leaves, and at the joynts come forth {maller ftalks, fet with many
flowers, of a fhining red colour, and in fome white, but more rare or
feldome found than the red, which is ordinary : after the flowers are
paft, the feeds are contained in flat round husks, three or four ftan-
~ ding one above another, they flower in Fane and Fuly, the fecond
year after rhe fowing, feed, and die at Winter following,
Planta Mimofa.
TT Seafible Plastjand the Humble Plant,{from feeds yearly gained
| out of America, and fowed upon a hot bed, covered with glaffes,
and carefully preferved, will rife with woody ftalks fer with fimall
winged leaves abouta foot high ; refpected only forthat by touch-
ing the leaves of the Semfible you may perceive them to fhrink from
you, and the Humble to, fall of their own accord, as fenfible of in-
jury, and difdaining to be handled, the one out of Pride, the other
Humility ; they are curiofities fcarce able to requite the care-of at-
tendance, perifhing with the firft Frofts, and good feeds hardly ob-
tained,
he Ocimum
ordinary and common kind, but there are two other forts more
race, one called Bafh-Bafsil, the other Zadian Baffil , the firft of _
= hat
Afsil is a fweet-fmelling Herb well known unto all, efpecially the
‘ Saline Bea
ut arama!
‘iy AS ee em
Chap. XXII. CERES
hath fmaller leaves, thicket fet én the ftalks, and {weeter than the
common kind , the other hath larger leaves, and deeply cut in on the
edges; they all perifh at the firft appearance of Winter, and are yearly
renewed from feeds which are black, and a little long, thelaft big-
geft, and the middlemoft the leaft,
, Majorana odorata:
Weet Marjérom is alfo an annual, as well known as the common
Bail; of this we have afmaller kind, called Marjerom Gentle, the
leaves whereof are leffer, more hoary, and {weeter than thofe of the
common kind ; thefe are yearly raifed from feeds, fowed in april with
Baffil,
Botrys.
(yi of Feru{alem rifeth up half a yard high, divided in many bran-
ches, fet with leaves deeply cut in on the fides, refembling an
oke-leaf, the feedy flowers grow cluftering.about the branches, like
the bloffoms of the Vine , the whole Plant is fweet, and dies as foon
as the {mall feeds are ripe, |
Ambrofias
O« of Cappadocia rifeth higher than the laft, with many crooked
weak branches, bearing many tops of mofsie yellowifh flowers;
the leaves are fomething like thofe of Mugwort, dufted asic were with
meal all over the Plant, which is of a pleafant {weet {cent, and good
tafte ; the feeds are round and black, the root threddy, and dies in
Winter ; this is the Poets fo ES sel rate -
refpect of its fragrant fcent, and pleafamt tuft, they leign to be tne
And now the Swains fing Harveft home,
"Tis time for CERES to be gone:
Her Flowers are paft,’tis Seeding-time,
Autumnal Fruits are in their prime.
That you may tafte, and know the beff,
POMONA bids you to her Feaft.
199
¢
33 : 1 g\n sh ships
oh
ie Sot
bes
ror
Teen “oa
POMONA.
The third Book.
— —— <n. a
ne
J OHN Kis i, Gent,
LONDON,
Printed by 7. G. for Richard Marriott , and are to be
Sold at his Shop in Fleet-/treet, under the
Kings-Head Tavern,
(7-6 © 3}.
POMONA
—
Rite ace
Cquaints you with the fineft Garden-fruits, Vines
& Berries,our Englifh Nurceries do afford;as al-
fo with fome Flower-bearing Trees, Shrubs and
Greens, more familliar than thofe you find in
the firft book; with the order that is to be ufed
in theirPropagation, Planting andImprovement,
Good Gardens are tq be furnithed with rare
Fruits, as well as fine Flowers, and although moft perfons of ability
ac the firft plane their walls with Trees bought out of the Nurceries
about Loudon, yet it will be neceffary for fuch (as well as others) to
have a Quarter in the Nurcery, fet with choice Stocks of every kind,
for the raifing of young Trees, that if any of the firft provifion either
die, or fail to bear fuch Fruits as are defired, their places, out of their
own ftore,may be fupplied with better ; befides, it is no {mall farisf,-
tion to a Planter, to be affured what Fruits his Trees will bear :
therefore before I proceed to the particulars, to prevent repetition,
the following Rules neceffarily require to be inferted, and firft,
For the raifing of Stocks for Garden- Fruits, the which are to be
of four different kinds, as 4pples, Quinces, Plums,and Cherries 5 for
Apples that you ma have dwarf-trees fit for Walls, the ftocks you
‘mutt provide are thofe of the Paradife Apple, either raifed fromthe
Kernels, or from Layers, the branches being as apt to roor as thofe
of Codlings, in which you may graft what other good Apples you
defire; but in refpeét thefe ftocks (of their own nature) grow Slowly,
I have found out another expedient to help them forward, that is,
by grafting the Cyenof the Paradife Appleina Crab, or other Apple-
ock, clofe to the ground, withone gratt, and when that is grown to
the bignefs of a finger, graft-thereon about eight inches higher, the
~ fruit defired, which wil ftop che es growth of the tree, almoft
€2 as
*
IRD BOOK.
263
204
POMONA Book Ith
as well asifit hadbeen immediately grafted on the forementioned
Layers, and will caufe the Trees t0-bearfoouer, more; aiid: better
fruits, Sy io3/% et ES =
Quince- flocks are eafily raifed, either by Cuttings, or Suckers, of
which you may have great ftore trom one old Tree, by cutting it
down in March, within two inches of the ground, which will caufea
multitude of Suckers to rife from the root ; when they are grown
halt a yard high, cover them at the bottom afoot thick, with good
earth, whichin dry times muft be watered, and as foon as they have
put forth roots, in Winter remove them into yout Nurcery, where,
ina year or two, they will be ready to graft with Pears for your walls,
Thefe Stocks (as thofe of the Paradife Apple) will caufe the Trees to
dwarf, and not torife fo high, but that they may be conveniently -
fpread apgn walls, which grafted on Péar-/focks, would grow too big
and fturdy ; befides the Quince-flocks caufe the Pears grafted chere-
on, to be fairer, much better coloured, and the trees to bear fooner
and more ftore of fruits; There are feveral forts of Quinces, but
the beft and fitteft for this purpofe is that of Portugal, :
Plum- flocks are raifed from Suckers and Stones, choice being made
ofthe kinds , thofe ofthe white Pear-plum are efteemed the beft,
but indeed, thofe of any other great white, or red Plum, that hath
large leaves, and fhoots, are as good, eithet to graft other choice
Plyms upon, orfor the budding of Apricocks and Peaches, s
Cherry: flocks are alfo raifed from Sucker’ and Stones; thofe of the
ordinary wild black Cherry are moft commonly ufed to this purpofe,
but Stocks of a betrer and more agreeable nature may be raifed from
the ftones of the black Heart-Cherry, Duke, Luke ward, Amber, and
Morelle Cherries : the Stocks of our common Englifh red Cherries
are moft ufed for the grafting of May or early Cherries, the Morello,
and indeed any other fore will form trees more fit for walls of eight
or nine foot high, than the Slack Cherry ftocks,which caufe the trees
togrow much taller,
TheStones of Apricocks and Peaches are not worth the fetting for
ftocks to inoculate with other good kinds, in refpect their roots are
f{pongy, and will neither laft nor endure to be tranfplanted : therefore
the Stones of Plums and Cherries are chiefly for that purpofe to be re-
garded and difpofed after the ways following, cae
Having provideda good collection of the Stones of Plams and
Cherries, in Odtober prick them down in rows, the tharp end upwards,
about three fingers deep, in a bed of good earth; well turn up and
raked; then cover the fame all over with new long dung, to pre-
vent the frofts, whichin Aprif you may take off, and in May they
will come up, and being kept from weeds, in two years will be ready
toremove into your Nurcery, in rich and well manured ground be-
fore prepared for that purpofe : before yow fet them, cur off fuch
roots
ea <a - en Wee * :
3 POMONA.
foots asrun down, as alfo the tops and fide branches, placing them in
rows, at four foot diftance; each kind apart, wherein a year or two
moft of them will be ready to graft in the bud, the Plums, with the
beft of cher own kind, and alfo with <Apricocks and Peaches ;the
Cherries atéonly fit to be budded with other good forts of Cherries 5
as for Suckers; they mutt be fet inthe Nurcery. after the fame man-
ner, and after they are growato an inch Diameter; may convenient-
ly be gratted in checlete;
Gather your Grafts of Plums, Cherries,and Pears, from the middle
of Fanuary,to thefame time in February, thofe ot Apples may ftay
untill March: choofefuch as are of two faps, thar the old wood to
the knot may: be placed in the ftock; thofe of one years fhoot will
ferve in default of the other, but fuch will be longer before they come °
to bear, | 3
fuch branches asare apteft ro bear, and then. fulleft of Fruit-buds;
fuch Trees as are ill bearers, or not come to bear fruit, are to be we-
jected , the Grafts always partaking the quality of the Tree from
whence they are taken: Bind your Grafts in bundles, each fort by ie
felf, and put them half way to the tops in earth, untill you ufe them,
keeping an exact account of the kinds, that you benot miftaken
in your fruits, asfor the feveral ways of grafting them, it is to
be performed with much exaétnefs, in manner following, a4, 5
Grafting (as we are taught by common experience) is the artificial
Placing the Cyen, or Gra‘t of one kind, upon the ftock of another,
foasthefap.of the Stock may without impediment come to nouriih
the Graft; itis therefore expedient in this operation (the Saps paf-
fing betwixt the bark and the wood) that they be exaétly joyned,
which is effeéted four feveral ways, &
The firft and moft known is grafting in the Cleft, Plums atid Cher-
vies about the new Moon-in February, Pears in the beginning of
March, and Apples a fortnight or three weeks after : Firft, {aw off the
head of the ftock, in a {mooth place, for Wall-trees, within four. fins
gers of the ground, in Standards much higher, according to the growth
of the ftock; pare away with your knife the roughnefs the faw -hath
left, thencleave the head alittle befides the pith, and put therein
along wedge of hard wood to keep the cleft open, which cat {mooth
with the point of your knife, that the fides may be eaven, then, cut
the Graft on both fides froma knot or bud, im form of a wedge, in
length proportionable co the cleft , with thoulderings, which. place
therein, fo as the Saps may exactly joya, Laftly, cover the Head
with clay well cempered with Horfe-dung, and leave not.the Grafts
too long, | ee er eigt ae
The fecond way is called Shoulder, ot Whip-grafting, fit. ily for
%
. fmall ftocks, and to be performed fomeching later than she former F
205
206
POMONA Book Lil.
firft cut off the Head of the ftock, and fmooth it as in Cleft grafting,
then cut the Graft froma knot or bud on one fide floping, about an
inch and half long, witha Shouldering, that it may reft on the Head
of the ftock; the Graft muft be cut from the Shouldering {mooth and
eaven, floping by degrees, that the lower end may be left thin ;
place the Shouldering of the Graft upon the Head of the ftock, and
with your knife cut away fo much of the bark, as the cut fide of the
Graft did cover, place both together, that their Saps may exadtly
joyn, then bind them together with ruthes, flags, or bafte, and clay
the Head as in the former, | 5
The third way is called grafting by Approach, by fome Abla@ation;
and this is done in April, fooner or later, according to the ftate of
’ the Spring ; the manner differs from the laft, in that the Cyen re-
mains on its own ftock, and the Head alfo on the ftock you would
graft, therefore both muft be planted together, or in Cafes, chat they
may be fo pofited; the Branches of both (being near of one fize) muft
be brought together, that they may touch each other the length of
three inches, then cut the joyning fides of both untill you approach
near the pith, and fitthem fo together, that the Saps may exa@ly
meet, in which pofition bind them, and cover the place with fuch
tempered clay as is ufed in Heading of Grafts: as {oon as you perceive
the Cyen and ftock to be well cimented and incorporated, cut off the
Head of the ftock four inches above the’biading, and in March follow-
ing the ftub you left above, as alfo the Cyen underneath, clofe to the
grafted place, that it may fubfift by the Stock only: fomeufe tocut
off the Head of the Stock at firft, then joyn the Cyew thereunto, after
the manner of Shoulder-grafting, differing only in not fevering the
‘Cyen from its own Stock ; both ways are good, but I have found
the firft the more fuccesful, This manner of Grafting is chiefly ufed,
in fuch nice and tender Plants, as are not apt to take any other wa :
as His Limons, Pomgranats,Vines,Geffamins, Althea frutex, and
fuch like,
The fourth and moft confiderable way of Grafting of all other, is
called rnoculating or Budding, the which is effected by taking off the
Eyeor finall bud which grows betwixt the leaf and the new thoor
or Lance, and fo placing it ona fit ftock, that it may from thence re-
ceive nutrition agreeable ; and this may feafonably be done, from
Midfomer, to the middle of Fuly, at fuch time as the Sap is moft in
the ftock, and the bark eafieft to be raifed : the Buds muft not be too
young or tender, but taken from ftrong well-grown Shoots of the
fame year, whichbeing cut from the Tree, take away the top and
leaves, leaving half their ftalks, by which you may h
~h. you put them into the ftocks ; then having made choice of
ftocks, according to the nature of your Buds, ina {mooth place make
a crofs cut thorough the bark of the ftock, then from the middle
theseof, gently flit the bark thorough, (not wounding the ftock) aj-
moft an inch long, then nimbly prepare the Bud, by cutting the bark
on both fides the length of the flit,as much above as below, forming a .
Shield
old the Buds =
eo
@ ge
a POMONA
Shield or Ef cocheon, with the lower erid alittle fharp s next take off
the Bark on the other fide, and with aquill, cutin che fathion of a
{coop an inchlong, take off the Bark and bud dexteroufly , that you
leave not the root behind; for if you fee a hole under the bud on the »
infide, caft it away and prepare another ; the Shield beirig thus made
ready, hold it in your mouth by the end of the ftalk 5; untill with the
flat end of your knife you have raifed the Bark of the ftock on either
fide the flit; fufficient to receive the Sheild; which put in with care
between the Bark and wood, thrufting it dowsi untill the top joynta
the crofscut, then bind it clofe with Baft taken ont of a Ruf fia Mat}
or Woollem yarn; fo that the bud may fit clofe to the ftock ; there is
another way more ready than this, which Ihave long ufed with fuc-
cefs, itdiffers ofiely from the former, in that from the crofs cut, the
Bark is flit upwards, and the Shield formed , and put in accordingly;
Jeaving the end below the bud, longer then may ferve, and after itis
-thruft up as high as is neceffary, cut off what is fuperfluous; at the
¢rofscut, with which the end muft joyn ; than bind it as the fount,
T here are other ways of | ing, bur.thele twoat
the later the more expedite and eafie to be performed.
ALC)
, The beft time to Znocslate is in the evening of a fair day; inadry
feafon, for rain falling on the buds before they have taken, will de-
ftroy moft of them, after three weeks you may citt away the bind-
ihg, andin March following the head of the ftock, three fingers
above the bud; which being well grown, cut clofe,that the ftock may
cover, ei
In placifig of grafts or biids in ftocks, you mut corifider what Trees
you intend them for; either ftandards,or for walls, and fo graft or bud
°) cordingly ; as alfo to lodge them on that fide of
expofed tothe ftrongeft winds ; to prevent
.
the ftock which is moft expoft
their beirtg blowm out or loofened,
When your Grafts are grown half ¢yardhigh ; thofe you find in-
élined to fhoot up in one lance , pinch off their tender tops, which
will prevent their mounting ; and caufe them to put forth fide-bran-
ches ; in March following, prune away thofe are {malljand what you
find fuperfluous; cutting the long lances clofe behind 2 bud, a thing
always to be obferved in pruning,
If the ground of your-Nurcery be good, and kept from Weeds by
often rare moft ef thefe Grafts (efpecially the xftone-fruits) will
be ready to tranfplant within a year ertwo ; but Pearsand Apples
grafted on the forementioned ftocks, to form Dwarf , or wall-Treesj
sowing flowly, require more time, and not to be removed untill che
Rocks are covered, |
‘The beft time to tran{plant and fet Trees ; is about the middle of
OGober; which muft be carefully takenup, that the roots be noreat
or broken, but before they arefet, you muft cut off fuck roots arr
io
a
vg
208
floured, The pruning
POMONA Book. IIT.
tun down, and the ends of thofe you find too long, as alfo moft of
the fmall threds where they grow too thick, Which done, the ground
and place where they are to be planted being prepared, and wide
holes opened, raife afmallhill in the centre thereof, whereon fer
your tree, opening and fpreading the roots round about it; thenco-
ver them with the beft earth, and fhake the tree that the roots lie not
hollow, treading itdown to taftenthem, /
Standards all know’ are to be fer upright, but if naturally they
an any way, .let it be towards South-Weft, from whence the
ftrongeft winds commonly proceed; thefe muft be fupported with
{trong ftakes, that they be not toffed, but kept upright: wall-crees
are to be placed at fuch diftance, as they may be leaned to the wall,
and moft conveniently {pread and nailed thereunto, 3
The beft time to plath, prune, and nail trees, is in Febrwary,after the
great Frofts are paft, except Peaches and Neéforins, which being cut
before the rifing of the fap, are apt to dye after the knife,and fo ftump
and deform the Tree, therefore fuch muft be left untill they begin to
put forth buds and bloffoms, Spread the boughs and branches upon
the wall, like the ribs of a Screen fan, or the fingers of your hand
difplayed , and let not one crofs the other, leaving no place bare ;
fuch as will not come handfomely to the wall, muft be cut off clofe
to the ftock, and theends of the {mall branches, clofe behind a leaf
bud; andin Sommer when they put forch new wood , ruboff fuch
buds , as growing may deform the Tree, after Mid/omer youmuft
give your Trees a fecond pruning, by cutting away the new lances, to
ive Sun and Air to the fruits, co caufe them to ripen, and be well co-
ees. dependeth much onthe difcretion of
JF Mi. €Cs GQepe Otn Nh
is to confider the growth of every Tree, and what
Jpera¢c(o
may moft conveniently be taken away, without leaving the walls too
bare, The well and feafonable pruning of Treesin Sommer, will
caufe them to fet thick with Fruic-buds, and bear plentifully; and if
coomany, cutoff rhe fmalleft, leaving fomanyas the Tree may be
well able to nourifh and bring to perfection,
There are many other obfervations abou fruit Trees , but thefe in-
ferted are the moft effential, which together with what you will find at
the end of every Chapter, where each particular is defcribed , may
be fufficient to inform all fuch as defire to be Planters , befides their
own practice will every year inform them, Experience being the beft
: utor, *
. _Iconfefs I might have {pared part of this pains, by referring the
aders unto two little Books, long fince written in French, and
ow lately tranflated into Englifh, and fome others good in their
ds; yet in re{pect of us, and our Climate, very deficient (as all I
have feen are) which defeéts I have endeavoured to fupply, and to
make this work as abfolute as J was able, in directing the choice of
Particulars, as well as the orderof their propagation, 3
The
ao
Chap. I. POMONA, 169
The French Gardener givesus the names of a multitude of Pears
and other fruits about Pars, but nothing to dire& our choicé, fo that
if any (hould be defirous to obtain fome of the beft from thence, he
might eafily be miftaken, having no bettera Guide than a bare name -.-
to direct him indeed, for good truit we need fearcly no further than
the Nurceries about Londen, which are now abundantly furnithed
with many excellent varieties in every kind, which may be had with
little labour and {mall charge, and in refpe& every one that defires to
Plant, hath not experience, or perhaps the knowledge which forts
of every kind are fitteft to be colle@ed, either in relation to
their goodnefs, the foil, and fituation of the Gardens where they are
tobe planted, I (hall therefore endeavor by the following papers, to
give the beft directions Iam able, and acquaint you with what I have
J:arned in fourty years practice, and firft begin with Apples,
: “;
Pomums
RHE Pples are fruics fitter for Orchards than Gardens, yet
i| {ome choice kinds may conveniently be planted in large
= Fruit-Gardens, either in Bufhes, or on North-walls,
aera which ought not to be left naked ; thefe Apples well
ek ordered; will not onely cover the walls with fair green
=
(OES 277 Xe]
leaves, but alfo bear ftore of good fruits; the fitreft for this purpofe
are thofe that follow. | .
: a The Feet is atmall, yellow, red-fided Apple, upon a wall ripe
in the end of Fuze, |
The King Apple is as early ripe as the laft, bigger and muich ber- )
ter tafted,
The Margaret, ot Magdalen Apple, is afair and beautiful fruit, yel-
low; il ook ftriped with red, early ripe, of adelicate tafte, {weet |
fcent, and beft eaten off the Tree, and therefore moft fit for a wall,
The Famagufta isa fair, large, early Apple, goodintafte, andapt |
to bear.
the Gyant Apple, although it have large fhoots and leaves; yet is |
ot apt s cs 2 great Tree, and theretore fit fora wall; the fruit
is creat, and long, yellow, and well tafted, and, either to coddle, or |
"ake in 7: arts, the moft excellent of any Somer Apple,
‘The good Houfewife is thelargeft of all the Apples I have fen, of \
&
a greenish yellow colour, and good _ ig purpofes laft me ae i
POMONA ‘Book Hil.
Pome de Rambures is 2 fait large French Apple ; and makes a noble
~ thew upon a wall,
/ qhe Winter Gupening isa fair red-ftriped Apple, beautiful on the
| ‘Tree, and excellent in its feafon, it fucceeds incomparably on the
Paradife Apple, asthe Colviele, andallother fortsof Queentngs do,
(the Quinee- Apple is afair fmooth yellow Apple , fomething like 4
Quince, ofavery good tafte, and, on the Paradife Apple, bears more
and fairer fruits than on a Tree ftock,
(rhe ved Ruffet is an excellent Apple, of amiddle fize, and long
' lafting, . | “a4 .
{ Theround Rufjet Harvyis a fair brown-coloured, good tafted Apple;
< and bears well,
| The Carlile Pippin is an excellent good tafted Winter Apple.
{ The Bridgewater Pippinisalfo a very good Apple, beautifull to the
jeye,and pleafanc to the palat, ' :
{ the Lincoln Rennet is reputed to be the beft of all the Rewnets,
‘whereof there are many forts, :
| The Non{uchisa middle fized, round, red-ftriped Apple, of a deli-
‘cate tafte,and
¢ Phe Royal Pearmain isa mutch bigger, and better tafted Apple than
‘ the common kind,
[ The Kirton Pippin isa ruffetith yellow, very good Winter Apple,
| Gono further is fomething like a Pearmain, but better and longer
\ lafting,
(~ The Darling isa latge Gold yellow Apple, of an excellent quick
\fomething tharp taft, and bears well, ies ; . -
( ~The Angels Bit is a delicate tafted Apple, and much efteemed in
i :
‘ Worcefter|hire. yes
_ Thefe twenty feveral forts of Apples aré all choice fruits, and
edonthe Paradife ae according to the precedent directions,
maybe fit tor Walls, or Dwarf hedge-Trees in large Fruit-Gardens,
Theteare many other good Apples, proper to be planted at large in
Orchards, which are out of my Province, |
- _
Chaps Th POMONA
5 if ¥ b .wollsy S01 S10! » Ah S Aww 1 Hoos 5 § Fats \ nek
b = fics Ha: WF ie
buold bar .sbitiy CHAP’ Ht liscrt aryns hued dp
SOMnr ey 9
odo} 30 yirtoiiva s .nt
“a1 101702 boi olbbi Barns... 72 YISVE a whe! aol s
Sea Ears in France are preferred for Walls fin al
ee essa and chai b be {olin ‘e
thebeft) and fitceft kinds, an slfocher diligence
‘ icy in planting and di drefsing them ¢:- nor are we fo defi-
; re es Ran cient in. this fruit, but that our Narceries. akoue
EG S) London. afford us many excellent _ fit — ro
purpofe, as tol ba
(a)
NY
‘ 1: 2
as +
> The Samer bon Chriftien, which is. a fair large. viii Peayvred
on one fide; well baited, ri ».tipens and ak poentitully upon awalkuo. s
The great Barger, , OF Hamde ns Bure inh, is
fooneft ripe, of all the Somer Burgomots 5a
bears well on a wall,
‘belt, biggeltiand
cellent wad and
= eh, Orenge Sarrmant is around, hack flalked fae vitions SP
very fit for a wall,
Bexi a Heri isan ree ee Ae Pear, it fies like a al
and of a delicate i tafte,
Baure de tah is 5 anothe good French Pear; vo 4 dark ei preg
aon green eer, por is rege ante ot 2 yellow gee
colour, agreat bearers: and a very good moift frui 110M a é
The Violet Pear isa fair large well tafted fruit, a bears very veel
onawall,
he Binfield Pear; now called the Dov Pe, isa 8 fa es, wi
Pear, and bears well,
the Greenfield Pear is alo avery good. {rutic » oud anc faiterc ona
wall than inatt m
The great Musk Pear isan excellent fait, large) yellow; and of e Q
| Musky noble tafte,
The great = ot of Remes is a very great brown Pear , and thrives
wellin a Lujnct ftock,
Ff a
ens
212
SPYO ‘MNO NA. Book III. |
Amadotieis a good French Pear, of a middle fize, yellow, dry, and
MEDEA ie 7 oo
The blowdy Pear is {mall, own on the outfide, and bloud red with-
in, a curiofity not to be witintt RIBS 8 3
The Roufelet isa very good tafted middle fifed Somer Pear, as all
she formetaregs cig: ee... :
Is gteled . eis W 10! DSTISISTG SIG sayawA G1 wnt ee ae Pe
°W he winter Bon Chretien is 9 fair large Pear,-and, when in perfedti-
“oni, of deep yellow colour} ‘and yed on the fide next the Sua; of
this thereare'Levéral forts, but the beft “is that ‘called Bon Chreftien
Dore § it requires to be Grafted ina Quince ftock, and Planted on a
‘South wall; which it will deferve; for it is an excellent. Fruit, well
tafted, andlong lafting. en Sloquig =
SAP rn RR 9
aie ve
The Dead Mans Pear is of a middle fize,and good tafte,it bears well,
and lafts untill Chrtfimas, err HS ie gun denon}
The Non-fuchis an excellent large moift Pear, and lafts as well as
the former, © 9° } : ae 7
The Winter Muskisa large, round, red-fided yellow Pear, good in
De ¢ hoe RS et 3th pee te ‘ 5 2
tafte, and long Jafting
Dionier is alfoa large Ruffet Winter Pear, and fit to be Planted on
The Double ‘ acktd Pear, fo called, for that the flowers confift of
two rows of leaves, the Fruit is of a middle fize, of a good talte in
its feafon, which is from the beginning of March, to the middle
of May, 2
There are feveral good forts of Wardens, and baking Pears:
for Walls, as the red Roman Warden, the Spanifh, and the seo ts
den, the Baking Greenfield, and the great Sarreim, with many others ;
all thefe named I know to be very good fruits, and worthy to be
Planted on Walls, and Trees of them may be had out of the Nur-
ceriesiabout London, efpecially thofe of Mr, Daniel Stepping, and
¥, Leonard Girle, who will faithfully furnith fach as defire thefe, or
any other kinds of rare Fruit-trees, of whofe Fidelity in the delive-
ry of right kitidsy T-have had long experience in divérs'particulars’s 2
Vertue not common to men of that profefsion, ee
e ae t
pix set
te
a — Sie
Capo POMONA
CHAP, Il,
Gydinia.
ATE e He Quince is of fome variety, differing chiefly from
ey cach other in the fruits, chemoftcommonts =.
PEA The Englifh Apple- Quince-tree, this is full of
ee Burs and Bunches, the Fruit unequal, covered
ak withawhite Cotton before it be ripe, but then
aac yellow, of a harh tafte, and often ftony,
~The Portugal Apple Quinceisa largefruit, yellow, and apt to be
full of chops, fo.cender that it may be eaten raw,
[, and yet-
The Portagal Pear- Quince 1s fait, Targe,
low, excellent either to bake or preferve,
_ The Barberry Quince is as good as the Portugal, but leffer, both in
the tree and fruit, 7 fi |
The Lions Quinceis fair, large, and ofa deep yellowcolour, the
fides ribbed, with a deep hollow crown, | ™
- The Brunfwick Quince is a good fruit, large, round, and whiter
than any of the former,
eh ae
_ ‘Thefe Qujacesare’eafily raifed by Suckers, Layers,or Cuttings, as
hath been {aid for the raifing of ftocks : they pate ti belt itra apa
foil, and bear much better and fairer fruits, if planted ona wall : you
may graft. onekind upon another, and fuch grafted trees will foom
*
come to bear abundantly, :
aay a =
214
es
a ener
CHAP, Iv.
}
Cerafus.
He Cherry Tree is of divers kinds, differing both
in leaves and fruits howe oa. : : eaves and
fhorter-ftalked fruits, others large, long leaves
and long-ftalked Cherriess the frft of holewieh
fmaller leaves we call - by
>
i
PTO
=> aw
ie AY, Z
“Bry SEZ
SS.
BOP © rhe May Cherry, which differs from.the com-
== mon kind, in that thecherries will betipe in May,
| Th erly F Landy Cherry is bigger and fweeter than the common
Englifh Cherry, ad earlier ripe,
he later Flanders Cherry differs from the laft, in that the Cherries
are bigger, of a fharper taft, and later ripe. ° eititS . 2s :
«he Flanders-tlufter-Cherry differs from both the former; ‘in’ that
the Cherries grow on the ftalks inclufters, two, three, and fometimes
more joyned together, and fome ftalks will bave but one,
The great bearing, ox preferving Cherry, iglike in the Tree to the
later Flanders ; the Cherries arelarge, of a blackifhred on the outer
fide when ripe, and bloud red within; of a fharp tafte, and late ripe,
sgucaasseneenseeg™
: : The Morello Cherry is like the laft, but bigger, better tafted, and
novery good hewer, = |
The Arch Dukes Cherry is a very good eatly ripe Cherry, well tae
fted, and on a wall bears well, = ae ) *%
The Carnation Cherry isasbig as the laft, of a bright fhining red
colour, and good tafte,
| The Lukeward Cherry hath larger and longer leaves than any of the
former, the fruit fairer, with long ftalks, early ripe, and well tafted,
the black Heart-Cherry is a fair, large, blackith red Cherry, in
tafte {weet and good, :
The black Cherry of Orleance isavery fair, largeand good fruit,
The black Spanifh Cherry is of the fame dark red colour with the
two former, rounder, not fo big, but very well tafted,
= | The
hp. POMONA
The Bleeding Heart isa large bloudy datk tedCherry,and taftes well;
_Prince Royal is a large late-ripe Cherry, good to beter:
Portugal Cherry is a good fruits and very apt to bear,
The Kings cherry is a fair, large, and very good Cherry.
_ The Corone Cherry hath large leaves, bears few Cherries, but thot
good and great, af adeep red colouron the outfide, and paler red.
within,
~The Biquar Cherry is as illa bearer as the laft, the Cherries are fair;
ofa pale red colour, and {potted with white,
~ The white Spanifh Cherry hath great long leaves and lar bs Cherries;
white, anda. litle red on that fide next the Sun, . .
“a ber Cherry bach very large eve and
ed Cherries; tweet andgood;
Thered Heart-Cherry is riot efteemed for that it groweth too much
_ ii wood, and bears but little fruir, :
The H ete Cherry of Zwerts,o much commerided by Mr, Par-
kinfon, doth inno refpeét anfwer his defcription ; for it is amordi-
hary ill-bearing Cherry, and now not at all efteemed : btit Mr, Girle
* before mentioned, hath anew Cherry; (which perhaps is that intend-
ed by Mr; Parkinfon) the which he received by the ftrange tame of
_ Ciliegi Birrieloni = thé Tree inJeaves, buds and fhoots;much re-
fembleth the Dukes Cherry, and the fruit is reported to be every
Cherry as big as an ordinary Apple ; the verity whereof a litcle time
will manifeft.
The Dwarf Cherry is of two forts, one having the {mall branches
hanging down, thofe ofthe other more erect ; the firft bearetha
(mall round red Cherry; the fruit of the other is alittle bigger and
pointed.” son df
- Thefé are the varieties of Cherries our Nurceries afford ; the beft
of which for Standards are the Early and Later Flanders Cherries, the
Great Bearer,and fome that wanewalls fo handle the Duke and Carmar
tion Cherries: thofeswithlarge long leaves are not at al! fit for Sean-
dards, bat muft be {pread on walls : the Dwarf Cherries ave common-
ly grafted on ordittary Cherry ftocks;and kept low in buthes; |
a
i 258 if 3
CHAP.
fair Amber-colour-
is:
216
= POMONA Book IN.
CHAP, V.
Prunus.
He Plum-tree is of divers forts, differing in the fhoots
and leaves from each other, whereby many of them
‘may be diftinguifhed, but chiefly by the fruits, which —
are of feveral colours, forms, and taftes ; fome early
Met “ME yine, others later, and all commonly known by par-
ticular names, whereby they may be eafily collected; we will begin
with the firftripe,
The red primordias Plumis ofa middle fize, fathioned like a Pear,
with around head, and fmaller towards the ftalk, ofa red colour,
good tafte, and early ripe,
The blue primordian Plumis in thape like the laft, fomething lef-
fer, ofa Violet-blue colour, good tafte, early ripe, and a plentifal
bearer, 7
The Amber primordian Plum is around yellow waterifh Plum, not
worth the planting.
The Morocco Plumisa large, round, early-ripe black Plum, and ve-
ry apt to bear,
The Barberry-plumis alarge early black Plum, of the fafhion of an
The black Damofine isan early-ripe good-tafted Plum, bigger than
4 Damfon,and bears well in a Standard, :
The Violet-plumis fo like the laft, that it is onely to be diftinguifh-
ed by the tafte, that of this being of amore quick and pleafant relith,
The green Damofine-plum, as our Nurcery-men call it, is a fine
fmall, round, and ever-green Plum, with a {mall ftone, and of a good
tafte, not fo early ripe as any of the former, .
The Prunellais afmall white Plum, ofa tare (but not unpleafant) 7
tafte: am excellent fruit either to dry or preferve, fe.
The black Prbellaisnot fo fharp in tafte as the white, and ferves
fitly to the fame purpofes,
The green ofterly-plum is round, green, of a middle fize, and reafo-
nable good tafte, a
The
Chap. V. POMONA
| The Mufcle-plumis afair‘and fo thi g 3
fiited andeapand beset, : mething long black Plum, vg
~Thered Mufcle-plim is like the laft, bu
dak rel r rs p a tleffer; flatter, and of a
* the CHdonic: a is like Fe bh ck Mulcle-pl,
cr, and ofa quicker tafte, ack Mofelecp amb bluer, ronads
ah Bole plum idoka middie f ize, black, flat Smylie one e fide, and
jerinhe Chefton-plomi is long and large, ofa dark red colour, and vey
The Kings Plumisa fine middle-fized ood-tafted red
bears wellona Wall, but not ona fied goo edred Plum, aad
_ The Diaper’d Plamis pale yellow, marbled, and a fair fem well:
tafted Plum,
The Marbled Plum is infhape-like the ce on-pluvs, yellow, 2
led with red, and when full ripeall red; a sg a n waar
The Damafco- plum is an excellent long middle-fized rediff Pini
a af pla isin a fatiuon and calor ese like the lt,
The blue esate is ike a final Denon oe "peanda ach
better tafted,
The green Perdrigenis bigger and rounder thaa the lat, green ori
the outfide, and we tafted, Z
the et bk odes fomething beg er J the lat, a not It fo
good a fru
, The sai is a middle-fized white : Phu, of an excellent ae
tafte,and much efteem,
The Verdochis a large talkies oreen haga ei onely a to oe
_ for which purpofe itis very good, eee
The Peach-plume is along whitifh,fomething bce p004-taftedb lana
i > eae ee
Po Melee
217
218
POMONA Book Il.
‘The tmperial Plum is of two forts, one long, the other round,
both large red waterifh Plums, but theround is the better,
The Gauat Plum is a greatPear-fafhioned,moilt, (weet taftedived Plum,
The Dennie Plum is fomething like the Marbled-plum, but leffer,
and later ripe, yet'a good fruit, 2 ae:
The Turky Plum is a great, long, black, late ripe, buta good tafted
dry Plum, st Sac i _
_ The Pea{cod Plum is of three forts, one red, another white, and the
third green, all long, late-ripe, waterith Plums, the red is the beft, and
the green the biggeft, ores
“The white Date isa great whitith: green Plum, of a hath waterith
taft, and late ripe, by 12° ia ji {SG mee oi e3%
The yellow Date isa long yellow Plew, and much better tafted than
the white, aa -
The ved Dateis afsir, large, long Phim, of fine red colour, and
better tafted than the yellow, rT Petts
‘The white Pear» Plums little refpected for the fruit, which is “four.”
and feldomecomes to be ripe, but efteemed ‘only for Stocks to graft
other good fruits upon, seas So cae: 7
‘The red Pear-Plum is of no better efteem than the common white.
a ear- plum is the beft of the three, fomething late rj
but a good tafted dry Plum, : : ° PS
The earlier white Pear-plumis much better than the common kind
and willbe ripe and teafonable good in the end of Auguft, :
Bonum magnum, or the Dutch Plums, isa very great oval-formed
jellewifh Plum, and, according to the name, is good as well as great,
The Apricock Plum isagreat waterih ill-tafted whitifh jellow Plum,
“Lhe Nutmeg Plamis of two forts, the molt common. a {mall d.
vé@ late Plum, the other fafhioned like a Nut , and white, late an
_ The Praine Damfon is bigger and better than the common kind, a
0od fruit to dry dr preferve, | e
eet ¢%
___ The Mirabilon is oftwo forts, one red, the other white ; the Trees
‘apt ro a in wood, but feldome bear any fruit, and therefore not e-
fteemed, : The
Chap. V1. POMONA.
The beft and biggeft of thefe Plums are Planted on Eaft, or Weft.
walls, and in Pallifade hedges, the other will bear well in Standards ;
the Fruit buds from Chriffmas to April, are often picked off by Birds,
which if not carefully prevented, will foon fruftrate your expes
tation. :
CHAP, Vi,
Mala Armeniaca jive pracocia.
He Apricock, efpecially the common fortis known unto
all, but we have feveral better kinds wherewith it
concerns every ingenious Planter to be acquainted,
— mon fort; an vith the firft ripe, =
The Algier Apricock is leffer in all the partsthan the common
kind ; the fruit is fmall, round and yellow, ripe a moneth or more be
fore the other kinds; the tree is tender, and impatient of long frofts,
from which (in the more Northerly fcituation) it requires with Mats
_tobedetended. : 7 :
The Mafculine Apricock hath thinner and {moother leaves, thau
thofe of the common kind, the fruit larger, better, and fooner ripe,
but if the Tree be not well ordered, unapt to bear,
the. vicock differeth chiefly from the laft, in that the fruit
is longer, and of a paler yellow colour Sperm
The white A pricock hath the leaves folded; feldome opening . the
fruit is leffer, whiter, and better than that of the common kind,
The orengé Apricock is fomething like the ordinary fort, only the
fruit is fairer, rounder and better, ofa deep yellow colour, and good
tafte, | |
~ Ghe Great Roman Apriceck is bigger in all the parts than any of the
Okc. i fruit alfo fee than hat of any other kind, and excel-
lent to preferve, .{\:le0s oui f?. |
cocks are eafily railed, being apt to take, inoculated on 4
tat hice ; thofe ae have the largeft Shoots, leaves, and Fruits, are
fitceft for this purpofe,: as alfo for budding of Peaches, and for graft-
ing other good forts of Plums , Apricocks require to be planted ona
Sonth wall, and co be. often pruned, being apt to grow in wood, amd
therefore the Midfomer Pruning, as well as the Winters, is nor £0 be
and therefore to be defcribed: we will pafs by the coms
219
POMONA - Book TL
CHAP, Vi.
Mala Per fica.
He Peach Tree is as well known as the Apricock,
and. needeth no defcription; the Peaches are of
divers forts, fome early ripe, others late; the
Early moft efteemed; the other with us feldom
coming to perfection : fome are foft and tender,
coming clean from theftone, others hard and
flethy, obftinately cleaving thereunto, <I thall
we" endeavour to give you an account of all the beft
our Nuteeries now afford, which are many more, and much better
than formerly were kflown, beginning with the Early kinds,
The Nutmeg Peach groweth not to fo largea Tree as moftof. thofe
which follow; it is of rwo forts, the firft ripe, is {mall and white, the
other. alittle: bigger,:and red on the fide next the Sun, beth good ta-
fted’fine Fruits, -.. : Te
The Troy Peach groweth to a fairer Tree, the fruit much larger, red
int welltafted, and almoft as early ripe as the laftof the
Jormer,<.. STTEG OE
_The Savoy Peach is the next ripe, the fruit is fair, of a reddith yellow
“str
a ei
Modena is an excellent Peach, of a yellowifh colour, and comes
clean from the ftone, :
orleance red Peach isa fine fruit, and leaves the ftone,
Morello Peach is a fair red-fided fruit, and parts from the fone;
Navar Peach is of a whitith colour, and comes clean from the
one, . , . 4
the Magdalene Peach little differeth from the lat, -
Albergesis wfair yellow Peach, and leaves the ftone,
Violet Muck Peachis red on the outfide, and the flefh yellow.
The Perfian Peach is a fair yellow Peach, but cleaves to the ftone,
The white Mon fienr isa fine early ripe Peach,
its | sees. Bloudy
Chap. POMONA
Bloudy Mon fieur is red spithin and without, a beautiful Peach, |
Bordeaux isa large Peach, dark yellow, andred at the ftone,
Veronais avery good red Peach,
Smyrna isavery good yellow Peach,
Rambovillet is a good dark yellow Peach,
| Peach dePavie is a good yellow Peach,
‘Slane Peach isa good yellow large Peach,
Friers Peach is anexcellent fruit,
"Crave Peach's ti fiend sipe mishehe Newington
‘Billige Peach is fomething like the Newington.
The Newington isan old Peach well known, the fruit js fair, of a
Breenith white colour, and red on the fidenext the Sun, : :
» The Queens Peach isas well known as the laft, it is were ioe!
ofa reddith yellow colour on the outfide, at
atta Peach is of a fair reddith yellow, colour, and fa tafte,
Colerane Peach isa isi sir Tae Z |
Reman Peachisa fair yellow Peach, ; :
Min Peach isa good mello well tafted fruit, i a
: ue ie isa large good- besers beautiful fruit, |
= sh Prachi is fomething of that fathion, yellow and good,
Portugal Peach is an old good reddith yellow Peach,
| Lavar Peachis the fame wi th the Mewar Peach,
Peach depot is alow fpotted with red, |
Royal peachis large like the it peachsced at the situs, and ripe
with the Newington, Fo
: yellow. .
POMONA. Book iil.
Thefeare all good Peaches, but the moft rare are, the mhite Nut-
meg, the Orleance, Modena, Savoy, Morello; Violet Misk, Burdeaux,
Bilice, dates, and the Royal Peach,
CHAP, VIII
N es iCds
: ay iy that it cannot be ditttenibedt but a the Fruit, all
by
, Peaches being Downy onthe outfide, and moft of
eA, them bigger than Neéforines, which are {mooth
aeeye and round, and, before they begin to ripen, much
SS like untoa green Wallnat, but after of feveral €o-
= lours, fomeofthem of amore delicate tafte, and
all of a Gar fabftance than the Peaches, the moft common is
The green Nectorine, of which thereis a bigger and aleffer, the
Jater not worth the Planting, the other is bigger, always green on
the outiide, of a firm and fomething hard fubftance,. and raw tafte,
unlefs fully ripe,
ellow Nederine is alfo of two forts, one {mall.and comes clean
7 ane ftone, the other bigger but not fo good, both on the out-
fide are of a Gold ‘neat colour,
The wee Ne Forine is as big as. the greater yellow, shod on the
entele ered towards we Sun, no better tafted than the
The Paper-white Neétorine is fomething leffer than the former, but
more beautiful, and better tafted,
The painted Necforine is as big aS the firft white, full of red {pots,
and of a good tafte,
The red Roman Neétorine hath the fruit fairer and better tafted than
moft of the former, ofa fine red colour on the outfide, and near the
ftone, of a Musky fiveet {cent, and delicate tafte,
Thered Neétorine 733 comes clean from the ftone, is an excel-
lent fruit, like the former, but, for that it leaves the ftone, more
efteemed, =
The Murrey Neéforine is bigger and eae than the laft, ofa a.
lowith colour; fhadowed over with dark murry ios — fome-
e hard, not fo good asthe Reman, -
The
The Tawny NeGorine is as redas the laft on the outfide, firm, and
yellow within, an cia fruit,
The Ruffet Neéorine isa sood Pui: of abrowa or ruffer-colour
on the outfide, and red at the ftone,
The Orbine Neéorineis omen like the laft, but redder_on the
outer fide, and well tafted, if a
The beft of thefe Ne¢hormes are’ ethe red iene, eh rity v
Ae
the T. any Neéforines.— is ; ‘
The beft forts of eRe: veers ahbe fine Groits, Flow
ing Shrabs, and Wintet Greens, rit be had of Mr, George Rickets
‘ot cay hantog temembered,
. es-are sifetb Taal ‘the Buds, i in: ge
gnaer fet intl ; >
the Stocks be weals and dry; the Buds will not hold, "The bett Neée-
vines are to be Inoenlated into an Apricock, and fo are’ the belt Pea-
ches, efpecially the Early kinds, for'which’ purpofe you matt’ provide
Apricocks of the common kind, “pudded as low as you can, that ‘after
one year they may be Inoculated again a foot higher with the beft
Peaches, and efpecially Neforines, Thefe fruits are alfo raifed from
Stones fet in odfober, but many kinds are apt to degenerate 5 befides,
the Trees are not only impatient of removal, but of lefs co
and worfe bearers than thofe budded on the forementioned Stocks,
Peaches and Neétorines are more tendér than Apricocks, and the
fruits require more Sun.to rip ymutt be Plan-
ted on the hottelt wall, ‘and that which hach the Sun longeft upon it :
they muft not be runed i in Winter, the wood being apt then to die
after the knife 5 the beft time is when they begin to flower, and then
cut away what is dead, and fuch Lances as are too long, behind a Leaf-
bud, and ‘nail chem clofe to ‘the wall,
If youlet the middle ftem grow uptight, the fide-branches will not
profper, but decay for wancof nourifhment, the top drawing away
the Sap; toprevent which, whilft the Treeis young, bow down
head toward the Sun, and fonail i it to the wall, which will ftop the
Sap,and caufe the Tree to put forth fide-branches, ‘and to bear plen-
cifully. Such Trees as are old and decaying, cut them down in afar ch
low as youcan with convenience, leaving fome branches to draw
te Sas ni cover the wound with Clay : the Stock will par-forth
new Lanices, and in a year of two come to 6 hear true again.
CHAP
223
224
POMONA Book Ill.
CHAP. IX.
Amigdala.
Lmonds inay properly be placed next unto the
Peachesand Neéforines, the Trees much re-
fembling them, but bigger, and growing up-
right, not needing the help of a Wall; the
Leaves and Flowers are like thofe of the Peach,
the fruit is Downy on the outfide;but not fit to
5|| be eaten, having a thick {mooth ftone, where-
in is contained the Kernel, or Almond, in fome
{weet, and in others alittle bitter: they feldome come to any good
’ ionwith us , andthe Tree sechiefty received for the beauty
of the Flowers, which being many, Early, and of afair pale reddith
colour; make a fine fhew in a Garden, Of this there isa Dwarf
kind, {mall in all the parts, and feldome rifeth above four foot
high; itistender,-and therefore Planted in cafes,.and houfed in
Winter, . ie |
Eri;
NG)
The Almond Tree is raifed by fetting the Stones o fhels with the
‘Almond in it, in the places where they are to ftahd, being unapt to
grow ifremoved,
‘iin
- et oor He
ile: - ea lia ee ree | ERs
3 CHAP RX.
Nux Avellana.
seem 37¢ Filbeard is a Tree well known, yet there are
Naa) {ome kinds of Nuts that few have feen, we-will
SY therefore acquaint youwith them, and begin firft
a with the moft common, 3 |
The white Filbeard differs from the common
. _.. Hafel nut, in that the Husks are longer, the Nuts.
thinner: fhelled, and the Kernels of a better tafte. 3
: The red Pilbeard differs fromthe white in the Husks and Nuts,
which are browner, and the Kernels covered all over with ared, skin,
of a more delicate tafte than the former,
« The Bilbeard of Conftantinople hath the Bark whiter, the Leaves
igger
» Chap. XL. POMONA
bigger, and the Husks more jagged and rent than the former, thé
Nats are like thofe of the white Filbeard, but rounder and bigger,
The great round Nut hath fhorter Husks than the Filbeards, the
Nuts bigger than any two of them, (hort and round, with great heads,
the crowns in fome being as broad as a Groat; the Shell is thick and
battle and the Kernels much bigger than other Nuts are; fhells
and all,
The great long Soft-[helled Nut differs from the laft, in that the
Nuts are long, larger, and fomething flat, the Shells as foft asany |
of the Félbeards, the Kernel as big as an Almond, and very well
tafted, |
Iconfefs thefe Nuts are more proper for an Orchatd than a Gar-
den, but in refpect they fitly ferve to be Planted and {pread upon the
North wall of the Fruit-Gardens, I have fec them down in this
Pie, coca
ual a ait
They are all aprly raifed from Suckers, or by Grafting, as I have
found by experience, having many goodly Trees of the Filbeard of
Conflantinople; and the great Nwt, which I grafted upon ordinary
Hazle ftocks ; thefe Nuts {pread upon a North wall, do nor onely
cover it with fair green leaves, but will bear Nwts abundantly ; they
muft not be fet too thick, becaufe the branches will {pread far and
wide; which mutt be bowed down, nayled to the wall, and often
theared in Somer, which will caufe the Trees to thicken, and beat
more and bigger Nats, than if they grew at large,
i , nae SSD
Sige
ee
Vite.
se re Vine is a Plant well known, the feveral kinds
chiefly differ in the Grapes, and fome in.the
Leaves, as bigger, or leffer, and more or lefs cut
in on the fides ; and although the varieties are
infinite, yet few of them will profper and bring
their fruits to perfection with us, therefore we
USAy will mention fuch only, as are fitteft for our
Climate; and begin with che firft ripe,
T he {mall black Grape, Or as fome call itthe Clufter Grape, is firlk
tipe withus, the Grapes {mall; black when ripe, fet chick on the bun-
ehes; and well tafted,
Hh the
225
226
POMONA Book I.
The white Mu{cadine Grape beareth large bunches,and great Grapes,
{weet and good, ripening well moft years,
The Canada Grape, or Parfley Vine, hath the leaves more'cut in and
divided, than thofe of any others the Grapes white, ripe with the
laft, but thinly fet on the bunches,
The red Mufcadine Grape is as large as the White, but not fo apt
to ripen with us, requiring more Sun, -
_ The Raifin of the Sun Grape is large, red and good, and in the
‘ Southern parts ripens reafonable well,
The Burfarobe isan excellent large, {weet, white Grape, of much
eem in France, and in fome years will be ripe with us,
The Frontiniackis a white Musky fweet Grape, but feldome comes
to perfection,
The Mufcat Grapes are moft efteemed in France, as the Chaffeluts,
Bicane, and Rochel ; the Grapes are {weet and good, great bear-
ers, and doubtlefs in a skilful hand, and good place, will do well
with us,
"The Burlet is the largeft Grape we have, and though the Grapes be
four, as not ripening with us, yet the great bunches, and large white
Grapes, makea gallant thew on a Wall, and will make very good
Vinegar. — —
aa = ;
“There are more than a hundred £ everal fortsof Grapes , but thefe
mentioned are fitteft for our Climate ; the moft agreeable are the
three firft, All Vines are aptly encreafed by Layers or Cuttings, and if
the earth be good, will quickly ftrike roots,
They are to be Planted on South walls, and confined by cutting,
the clofer they are pruned, the better they will bear, and the fairer
willbe the Grapes : make the ground you fer them in, with rich light
fandy earth, and every Winter open the Roots, and mend the {oil
with old dung ; cut them ataknot in Fanuary to prevent bleeding,
and about Midfomer take away the fuperfluous branches, and ft
: es before the Flowers, and when the Grapes begin to fwell,
a ag from about them, that they may have rhe full bene-
it of the Sun, : -
{i es
CHAP.
Chap. X1,X1. == POMONA
CHAP} XI,
‘ ope Fuus
| He Fig Tree is of feveral forts, and fome of
3) them will live and bear fruits withus ; the
moft agreeable is |
oh Oi The greater blue Fig, which 5 eR upon a
baa
rae) = . Ps
which when ripe, is long and found, iherine Pear, of adark
bluifh brown colour on the outfide, but morered Within, and fall
of fmall white grains, foft, mellow, and fweer;
Tho Dwarfblue Fig growethnot to fo big a Tree asthe former, |
the fruit {maller, better tafted, and fooner ripe : it mutt be defend-
ed in Winter, elfe it will yearly die to the ground,
: There are feveral other forts of Figs, as the Flowering Fig, Figs
of Languedoc, Figs of Marfeiles, the white dwarf Fig, and others 5
but the greater blue Fag is fitteft for our Climate, 3 oie
‘Thele Fics areto beplinted upon a Wall, that they may-have the
benefit of the Sun to ripen the fruits : they are incréafed by Layers or
Cuttings; befides, they are apt to yield Suckers,
——
CHAP, XII,
Sorbus:
MP zie common Service-tree grows wild in many places, biié
R there is akind thereof more rare, and like the Hor[e-
Chefnut efteemed ; this nobler kind of Service by
long ftanding grows toa fair Tree; with many bran-
See ches fer with winged leaves like thofe of the 4/4, bur
finaller, arid indented about the edges ; the Flowers grow int clufters,
fucceeded by Fruits; in fome round, in others Pear-fafhion, much big-
get and better tafted than thofe of the common kind,
Hh2 ei
om,
428
POMON «4 i Book lif.
This Tree is rarely found in England, though common in Frese; 5
it may be raifed of Seeds or Kernels; or grafted on the Stock of the
common kind, -—
ee . : f
CHAP, XIVv,
> Mefpilus.
SRS He Medleri isof four feveral forts, as the common
AS ’ Yas
ordinary kind with Thorns, which is vulgarly
known, | >
The greater Medlar hath larger fhoots and.longer
than the former , ere Cth _and the
== fruit much big ; ficceeds very
well grafted c oft a Pear-ftock. righ erat ae a Wall much better
an on a Standard,
There is another curious fort of slilltg! that kere rs chiely front
the laft, in that rhe fruit is without ftones,
The Neapolitan Madlar or Azaroliier stowerl toa reatilable fair
Tree, with many branches and fome thorns, the leaves arelike thofe —
of Hawthorn, but bigger; the fruit is like that of the former,. but
rounder, much leffe, and better tafted: this is commonly
‘grafted
ona Hawthorn, but with no ee he? ~ the Grafts feldom ae
ae i chat do, o, rarely bes
He Lote or Nonilwee sroweth with us to afmall Tree;
with leaves like a Wettle, the fruit like a fmall Cherry,
‘green at firft, after red, and pan when ripe, of eg 2
(bur not unpleafant) ratte,
ss | Pifhamin. ye AK |
me PP hia: Plum groweth toa fair Tree, with baat rca
4
green meses and beareth a fruit like a Date, fet ina husk of four
green Jeaves, of a blackith colour; firm like a Date, and {omething
raed with th great flat sue. Ban from whence the Trees are
——— Cornus;
Chap XV'1. POMON A
He Corwell-tree, or (as many callit). the Cornelian Cherry-tree,
in the manner of growing refembleth 4 Dog-tree , the leaves
fmooth and veined, the flowers fmall, edfly, and yellow, the frui
late ripe, and formed like a fimall Olive, of a fhining red eolodFinone
yellow with red fides in another, andalmoft white ina third. for al
thefe varieties I have feen: the fruits (wher green) aré good to picklg
as olives; and (when ripe) to preferve. oN
? ‘ ‘ 2
Thefe three laft-mentioried Trees are raifed from the Stories at
Kernels, the two firft preferved for their rarity, and the laft for thé
oe - for that it may be fafhioned into any form, yet bear never
the worfe, oe 08 01 “a8
tHe Mulberry-tree is of fomediverfity, thé Berries
atm rs aed a"
r Ga A 1 © “ wy a SS
Gon WU ACRES)
u T
RP + Pe oN ar ¥- - Y : tee a fe R :
AZ) Paty are of three colours, as black, white, and red 4
fag, we will begin wich the firft becaufe beft known,
Ly) ae The black Mulberry groweth to a large feramb-
yes ling Tree, fpreading wide, but not very tall, ape
mm to be bowed into any form , the leaves are round,
ly black, like unto Hedge Black
fomething {weet in tafte,
thic! ana. me Q the. ’
Catlins, -wh : “green, after re Jat.
t bigger and longer;
“berries, “bu
There is another fort of black Mulberry, more rare; it chiedy difz
fers in the Berries ;which are much bigger amd better tafted than thofe
ot the former common kind, :
Thewhire Mulberry groweth leffer {pread than the black; the leaves
paler, fofter, and thinner fer onthe branches, the Berries {maller;
the grains thicker fet; white and {weet in tafte,
The Virginian Mulberry Coon groweth with ute a fair Tree, with
larger leaves than the laft ; the Berries are longer and redder chant
any of the former, and of a pleafant tafte, eggs :
Thefe Trees are eafily raifed either by Suckers, Layers or Cuté-
tings; and the great black Mulberry may be grafted on the common
kind, yx
22g
230
POMONA Book Ill.
ts CHAP. xvil.
evi Groffularia.
meen oy sherries are of divers forts and colours, asred, blue;
Mi yellow, white, and green ; fome of them reund, others
Mi long ; fome {mooth, and others prickly, .
Of red Goosberries there are three forts, one {mall
: and round, feldom bearing ; another bigger and a little
flat, but no very good bearer ; the thirdis called the Damfon Goos-
berry, this isa good bearer, the Berries large, round, and red, and
(when full ripe) with a blue tincture over them likea Damfon,
The blue Goosberry hath the Berries thinly fet on the branches,
which are fmall, alittle long, and of a dark red colour, tin@ured over
with blue,
Tellow Goosberries are of feveral forts, ote large; round, and
fmooth ; others leffer ; fome long and prickly, of which there are
two forts chiefly efteemed ; the firft round, {mooth, large and good,
ofa bright yellow colour, and called the Amber Goosberry 5 the other
is large, long, and prickly, of adeep yellow colour and good tafte,
and is called the great Hedge-hog Goosberry.
_, The white Hallandscvoberrys chic fateh, biggelt, and belt bearer
Sfall others ; the Berries are large; tound, {mooth, white, tranfpa-
reiit, and well-fafted. : :
The green Goosberry is of two forts, one bigger and longer than the
other, both very green and good, but the bigger is moft efteemed,
Goosberries are propagated by Suckers, Layers or Cuttings, I have
‘a Goosbenry-bufh that from one ftem beareth four feveral-coloured
Berries, effected by Budding, the Amber, Dam{on, and Green, upon
feveral branches of the white. Thofe that defire the like curiofity.
muft in Winter prune and prepare the Stock, leaving thereon three
branches onely; and at the Spring rub off all buds that @ome forth in
other places ;. about Mid/omer put in the Buds taken from the big-
geft Lanees, whichafrer they are grown tofome bignefs, one Bud
of the fiatural Stock may be fuffered to'grow to make four forts ; the
Stock muft be kept from Suckers, the Lances in Somer ftopped, and
pruned in Winter, that one draw not more Sap than another,
\
CHAP,
a
Chap. XPULXIX. POMONA
CHAP, XvIIL
Rides,
ROS Gezaaell Orinthes, or Currans. as they are vul arly called, are
NTI Plants well known "unto alls of there there are five
feveral forts, which differ chiefly (as the Goosberries)in
the Berries,
The {mall black Curran is not worth the Planting,
The [mall red Curran is of no better efteem.
The great red Curranis a plentiful bea
tabri nin
as thofe of the former, igl
fomething fharp) tafte, i:
The greateft dark red Dutch Curran differs from the laft, in that the
Berries are bigger, of a more blackith colour, and fweeter tafte.
_ The white Curranis like the great red, onely the Berries are fome-
thing leffer, white, tranf parent, and well-tatted,
They are as eafily increafed as Goosberries by Suckers, parting the
roots or laying the branches; thefe may be budded one upon another,
and fo feveral forts grow from one Stock, as is faid of the Goosberries,
nestle issiapiiaiihiaiaians
CHAP, xIx,
Oxyacantha.
He Barberry is common with all that have Orchards
aay) or Gardens , efpecially the common kind; bat
@ SY there are two other forts more tare, the firft hath
many branches of Berries that are without ffones,
and {ome on the fame Bufh with ftones, like the
common kind, 3
The other Barberry chieily differs from the common kind, in that
the Berries are twice as big, and more excellent to pslers ; and, if
the roots be purged from Suckers, and the branches {pread upon a
Wall, the Berries.will be fairer, better coloured, and indeed excellent .
for divers ufes,
Thefe Plants are too apt to abound with Suckers, and to r 7¢ Itiply
too much, CHAP,
}
)
434
Sor 74-.2\
eae. I eeed
a Ciee
™
PO WMOINOLE Ro Sik it
CHAP. XX.
Aving now given you an account of all the beftGarden-
a Ga, Fruits, Vines, and Berries thathitherto have come
to our knowledge, we thall proceed to ‘the reft of the
S Gol Flower-bearing Trees, Shrubs, and Greens, omitted
Pe Seeea§ in the firft Book,as being fitces for aFruit, thanFlower=
Garden, and that I may perform what was promifed in the Epiftle
and Proem, (with fubmifsion) infert them in the end of this Book,
Caftanea Equina.
He Horfe Chefaut was raifed from the Nuts that came from
A Turky, which grow well with Us, and in time to a fair large Tree;
full of Boughs and Branches, fet with gallant great green Leaves, divi-
ded into fix, feaven, or nine parts, or feveral leaves ftanding together,
nicked about the edges, much refembling thofe of Palma Chrifli ; at
the ends of the Branches in May many Flowers come torth, each ha-
ving four white leaves, with thrids in the middle, which in their na-
tural Countrey, turn into Che/nuts, but rarely withus, Ic is refpected
for the beauty of the fair green Leaves and Flowers, and’ with us ini-
creafed (in default of Nuts) by Suckers, The name was impofed from
the property of the Nwts, which in Twrky are given to Horfes in their
Provender, to cure fuch as have coughs, or are broken winded,
. aoe y key Seer s E e :
< Tree feldome groweth with us above fix foot high, the
young Shoots have areddith bark, and the Leaves round, the Flow-
ers break through the bark in the Spring, before the Leaves, three or
four ftanding together, on a {mall thort ftalk, in fafhion like Peafe-
bloffoms, ofa fine purplith bright red colour, which are fucceeded by
long flat cods, containing fmall flat black feeds , there is another of
this kind, whofe bark, leaves, and cods, are greener, and the flowers
white; they are apt to put forth many Suckers, by which, as alfo by
Layers, they may be increafed,
Laburnum.
RE Trefoile is of two forts, a greater, anda leffer, the fuft rifeth
to a reafonable tall Tree, with a whitifh green bark, full of
Boughes and Branches, fet with Leaves, three always ftanding toge-
ther; at the joynts of the branches in May, many yellow Flowers
come forth, like thofe .of Broom, but leffer, and of a paler yellow
colour, growing on long branched ftalks, fucceeded by flat thin cods,
with {mall black feeds: the other leffer kind, chiefly differs in that ic
is
Chap. XX. POMON 4
is {maller in all parts, the branches weak, and the whole Plant fcarce
able to fupport ic felf without help; thefeare now both common, for
that every Cutting will grow, and thofe of the greater kind foon
rife tolarge Trees, | a ie
r :
fi =
,
Cytifus fecundus Clufii..
See kind of Trefoileis much fmallerinall the parts than the for-
KR mer, the leaves of a frefher green, and almolt round, three grow-
ing together clofe to the ftalks, the middlemoft biggeft ; the Flowers
are like thofe of the former, of the famefeafon, and the Cods {mall
and hairy at the ends, both thefe Plants are aptly increafed either
by Seeds or Suckers,
Colutea ve ficaria,
5 ied great baftard Sena with bladders, hath a ftock fometimes as big
aegs'a Mans*Arm,.divided into many branches fet with wing
leaves, like thofe of Lycoras: the P fowers~come~ ortt in May,» Lk
thofe of Broom, but of paler yellow colour, after whuchappear clear
thin cranfparent bladders,containing black feeds,
Colutea Scorpioides majOre
"| He greater AS poded baftard Senais lower, and leffer in all the
. ea the former, and chiefly differeth, in that the bladders _
which fucceed the Flowers, are diftingui'hed into many divifions, Lise
unto a Scorpions tail, containitig fmall feeds : this and the former are
raifed from Seeds, Suckers, Layers, or Cuttings, ie!
S Panifh Broomhatha woody ftalk, divided into many fmall long
green twigs, with {mall long green leaves, which foon fall away,
and leave the twigs naked : the Flowers come forth in May, towards
the top of the branches, like thofe of common Broom, bat larger, the
Cods are long and fmall, containing brown flat feeds, by which this
Plant may be increafed, as alfo by Suckers,
Fe
Nux veficarias
ss ee: bladder Nut. if pruned tp, and kept from Suckers, will grow
high, the bark
to be fix foot is whitifh, and the leaves like unto
thofe of Elder,the Flowers white and fweet, many hanging down, on
a long ftalk, after them ereenith bladders, each containing one -
Cmooth {mall Wet with a green Kernel ; it is too apt to fend forth
Suckers, afid thereby to be increafed,
Ti § ambuce Ht
233
234
“efpecially for the name, being that (as is fuppofed) wherewit
POMONA. Book ITI.
Sambucus Rofea.
He Gilder Sofe rifeth fix or more foot high, fpreading into many
branches, with broad leaves divided into three Seétions, at the
tops of the young branches comes forth around ballof many fingle .
white Flowers, clofe fet together ; it lowers in May with the Ponies,
which placed together in Chimneys or Windowes, make a fine fhew :
the Plant is hardy, and of long lafting, increafed by Suckers, which
will foon-bear Flowers, :
Seine both; Syringa flore albo.
T% white Syringa, or Pipe Tree, never rifeth tall, but groweth in a
buth, with many {mall branches, and divers Suckers from the
root; the leaves ftand two at a joynt, which are ragged, crumpled, a
little pointed, and dented about the edges ; the Flowers in May come
forth-at-cheends of the Branches, many together, confifting of four
whiteleaves, wich yellow chrids in the middle; it is eafily increafed,
being too apt to put forth Suckers, |
Lylac five Syringa flore ceruleo.
creafed; they are all hardy Plants except the white, which is more
tender, and would be Planted on a Wall, |
Paliurus.
Ce Thors rifeth in fome places five or fix foot high; with ma-
“ny flender branches, fet with broad and round leaves, veined
and a little pointed, alfo thick fet with {mall Thorns; the Flowers are
{mall and yellow, many together on along ftalk, whichin Pale ftine
itsnatural place, but not with us, are fucceeded by round, flat, fhelly
fruit, ‘covered with a flefhy skin, including two or three {mall hard
brown and flatfeeds : this Thorn is much efteemed for its rarit , bur
- ae our
Saviour was crowned, and is increafed by laying the Branches,
Rhus
Chapeex.
FI219 oft ono
; tA SimiGd SHiG3 ay f bd
. Vala faamuiiat tealiiee 1 ee oes t+ 9 i \ eee : "
> ~INO1O) LOMTHiIs gan } Myyti 5li VF Lert ert Be fa 4
r , oo DUS! f Olid. sit ai Lk Gig Fi
J Paw 23710 Ga VO ts, \ arbre :
\
‘ vo anette
aya -TISAS EO
\ 4
yey e-leavel Sumach 1itethy eatly frombehe R dor; with mahy ,
are raifed,
bs : 7 .
_ ghee de IR bus arian ee
ag BG Virginian Sumach, or Bucks-hora tree, groweth in fome places
fix foot high, the young branches are of areddifh brown colour,
handling like Velvet, refembling the Velvet head of a Buck, yield-
ing milk ifcutor broken; the Leaves are many, fet on eac
a
h fide of
ce
middle rib, fnipt about the edges’; at the ends of the Branche
orth” g and’ th c br re &e a de of man} : foit a3) » WIG
hriims, among whith a8 24 many {mall Flowers, much te th
fs $; the Root puctech forth many Suc:
the tufts, which yield fmall Seed
Kers whereby it is increafed.
jad ab 02008! S816 PPR dopa Vigginiandi2 24s < becissiob vile)
“THe Virginian Ivy tifeth up with divers {mall ftems, divided
neg many long weak branches, which fet againft a Wall, will
faften théreunto, with {mall claws like a Birds foot, and climb the
top of ‘atall’ Chimney 3 the Léaves at firft are red, and crumpled, buc
after fair and etten; ‘divided into five, fix, or moré leaves, cea |
togethier upon a frtiall foor-ftalk, fer without order, the Flowers-witl
1 only pPear it BUCS eens Docks aakes of
the groun ih has Spins f them from theftock, and turning
up the ends, new : ‘acouin inden
a 615
| aftts may beraifed, | —-
os = 4 264i} 1? esi!
, HOT S2 298 CT AMM ® eat 154
T He Tamarisk Tree is well known to moft perfons; infome places
by long ftanding it groweth tall'and great, thoughgommonly
With fmall and weak branches ; the red Shoots fet with {mall fhorc
hairy foft ‘green leaves, which fall ‘away in Winter: this is of ditele
beauty Or efteem, ‘but there is another of this kind more rare, cin re-
fpeét the leaves are’ wholly white, afid‘abide fo conftantly, front yeat
to year this. a5 the other; is increafed by Suckers or Layers; 9°
STS HIG "1 y daa’
i — P BA ¥ , “ Larix: ‘
1 Lirch-ree with us, groweth flowly, atid to be foundim few
A places 5 it hatha'tugged bark, and boughs: that branch im: good
order, with divers fmall yellowith bunched eminences, fet thereonat
feveral diftances, from whence tufts of many fmall, long, and natfow
ob ALS RAT li 2 fmooth
235
236
: renee like thofe of Satin: ba atte,
i‘ POM OWN, A Book IM,
fmooth leaves do yearly come forth; it beareth atnong the green
leaves many beauciful fowers;which are of a fine crimfon colour, and
ih its natural place fucceeded by {mall Cones like Cypre(s- nuts,
whereby new Plantsare railed; ‘being hardly increafed any. othes way.
ont i Ayia
be Enll NRE i a ‘pearing and beautiful Trees, Ihave ‘plcegeh this
- Dasthetree thedafty in vefpect itisthe rareft,-and, (although it fallech
the Jeaves in Winter) neareft in navareto thofe ever-green Exe@s.that
areséxt to follows! and fo mey ferwe as a Bridge.to pats, Some one
unto the other, oe behiet 916
gsasig omno} ai daswor eS H A R. xXXh. eine Se
wralaa Bryee d (his ALO oi li AGES EH E.
“BIST a & 10 dhs eddie; jovloy odil onilbnen
io-Sbit i> g5x6%C io eye gis: S05
0 3 me ol aa abe plaacedin: Gar-
“dens, -and fo isthe Pane ; “they are bor railed rom the
Nuts or, Kernels, and grow flowly, with us, and fit onely
to be planted in fpacious Orchards, or .on, each. fide
broad Walks; but there are feyeral other Gere. _thae
are proper to be placed in Gardens, the which require to be more
fully decribed ; the firft and biggeft of thofe ufually planted in Gar-
dens is called
bobivib ft sini v Arbor uite. is YL MASEL ae
iE i,
a sith ra of Life, by lon ‘ftandi roweth as big ce "
with fared ht 1es yale fant and fee with. w Mis
ve pate
nee rise: enuous » £0 fome not unp - ants i Oe,
on he tops of le bibacheca are ey {mall downy, yellowith flowers,
ftanding i in {mall fcaly heads, wherein lie {mall long brownith{ 5
which in fome places ripen with us, and being fowed fpring and pro-
{per reafonably well, but the Plant is fo apt toroot in Layers, thac
the Seeds are feldom fowen,
: = ee. Corel aac ane
Te: Cyprefi-t “enna that 1 is now | ‘common in every Gaiden'p f an
growethin time toa tall Tree, not {preading, ‘but ftand-
mi dieetic ina Pyramidical form, broade ‘below, and natrower to
therop ;_ the Leaves (if they may be fo called) *being ever. green,
f{mall, long, and flat, wholly cover the ftalks: fome old Plants will
bear Nuts (as they are called) of a rnffet or brown colour, containing
many {mall brown Seeds, which fowed (efpeciall thofe that we
arses hotter. Countries) will. come fn Ph rige very well;
muft be fowedyin odfober,, anddefen a tom rote in. ayes
esishe Plants are young and ese.
nfl Olle ees .
%
igs
Git E55 hib te ? a3
Form
P=P a: 1 - adam,
er and fhorter, atid of a dark green colour, abiding all the
in the begifining of Marth, thaded and watered in dry feafons, 2° >
aT
’
.
fmall hard green leaves, indented about the edges, and a little prick-
yj which abidealheheWiinrer ; in the Spring it beareth fmall_yel-
Jowith moffy flowers, and imfome places {mall blackith Acorns,
which young Plants may be raifed, but moft nfually top kayiig down
the branches, - ee Hes Din tt ativ Pre
“222 vrei ei (o( 3 38 A gpagfafigigee!! 25 exgbo orl: swod
> exis egos sige os sh ii. ~Laily
Re is'd common Hedge-tree, yet there is ancelegant kind
Mt Arhereof; eritertained in Gardens, for that thecever-green fhi-
ning leaves are varioufly marked with Gold-yellow, °and fo'conti-
nuing conftantly from yar to year’; “ie is aptly increafed by Layets,
qhdcapable Of any Fortin "® 02 e280 22 10 2038.4 Ya bonitnos bas bornet
ispIsy 2 JOT US Bg pep prsi 22% c Pe
BB” is of fourfortsy»the firth is our common Zaglifh kind, well
known unto all, of which there is another elegant variety, that
hath every leaf thereof edged and compaffed about with yellow ;. this
is called Burks Auratus, OY Gilded Bax the third isa low and dwarf
kind, whofe leaves are much fmaller than: the formers and of: this
there is alfoa Gilded kind; ‘much more beautiful chamthe-other ; the
ordinary fetveth fitly to border Jarge-operi'Frets for flowers, as the
common Englifh kind thofe of'a fpacious’ Fruit-garden, as alfo for
Hedges, “All thefe kinds of Box are’ eafily railed, for every Slip
thereof fet‘ia March will take'roor the firft year, and {pring thenexe,
ee ee 'Pyracantha. . :
THe ever-green Hawthord, if faffered to grow at large, rifechup
oS fix or more foot high, fallof branches, fee with ever-green leaves
fuipt about the edges, and long fharp -thotns: the flowers come
forth in the Spring, m |
Ge he A ate ehach ucceed, but more in number on.one a
of the colour of Coral, and abiding (ifkept from Birds) the greape
part of Winter: the Plant is increafed by Suckers, Layers af
genens wing
any ¢luftering together like thofeof Hawthorn, —
238
¢
POMONA eBook It,
fowing the Berries, which (like thofe of common Hawthorn) will lie
in the ground a whole year before they come Up : this Green ferveth
with others to make an ever-green Hedge,
1doh Filter: bap caaiit qyaa-saat? osv il asiaeee sk FO
& “» ' A ‘> ee
Be ek at . I. rte a SS ae p@ tai lies
lism} salve esbi tis no 39) 4S APT WS ing 00 bas eolwa to fy
Cae a
PN
>.
bae-ioed Fo slots ont BegaISmOl eel si poiniog-gipnt bates
“He Staf-tree (as Mr. Parkin{on callsit) by. long ftanding in an open
place groweth to a reafonable tall. Tree, but commonly in a
Hedge-buth:= the Leaves, which fall-noraway in Winter, are fome-
thing like thofe of Laurus tinds, but ofa fairer (thou h fad) green
colour ;° it beareth on a {mall talk four or five yellowith green Flow-
ers, which turn into {mall Berries, like black Cherries, containing a
ftone with akernel: this Plant:is chiefly increafed by Layers, and
the beft ufe that can be made of itis to mix with Pyracantha, for the
making of anever-greenHedge, oie 4h
iw 3s) zadoarid a; 104i oe: T lism ses 1: 19..f991 7
emoiseoiss | « bar socks ory Alaternte;, albaswme pred tigi!
as a ag ei\1 gle eed ,
heared 3: eis” dé fi!
PT He ever-green Privet, or {as it iscommonly called) Alaternws,
cud neverrifech high, buc-groweth low ina.chick Buth, full,of bran-
ches, fet with {mall hard ever-green leaves, round, and indented
about the edges ; the Flowers come forth at the joynts, many toge-
ther, which are {malland white, fucceeded by fmall black Berries,
icontaining many Seeds; by which, as, alfo by laying the, Branches,
-this fine Plant:may eafily,be increafed, ,, Thofe that afte Hedges in
-theirGardens, :canaot make choice of any fitter for. the purpofe chan
this, and thé) nexe that followeth,, inrefpect. of their aptnefs to be
formed and confined by Laths or R ods to any proportion, abiding to
be fheared, and all che year reta'ning their incomparable verdure,
ee ea . Sais j Samana, a fees TeNs ep iicuanate pUriigainte ca
iste. egasaled RS Ceo 2y Wede 50)
Mok erivetis of feveral forts, but that here intended is the firtt
4° of Clufins, and from his defcription fer our by. Mr, Fobnfon :
An: France this fine Green is niuch ufed in, Palifade, tall; eyer-green
‘Hedges, and to adorn the Walls of Courts, ic groweth well wich
aus, and much higher than; Alaternus ;. the Leaves longer, more cut
‘inon the edges, and of afrefher green colour ; the Flowers are {mal},
many together, and ofa greenifh yellow colour, fucceeded by {mail
‘black Berries, wherein the Seed.is contained, which fowed in odo
ber, and defended from long hard Froftsin Winter, will come up at
the Spring, and foon furnifh Plants to make an ever-green Hedge
for which purpofe this and the laft are the chiefeft, except that excel-
dent Kind called Phyllirea folio leviter ferrato, which hath deep ever-
green leavess-lightly cut in on the edges, and thicker fee on the
ranches 5 vigoroufly enduring the Winter, and aptly reducible in-
foany form; but very hard tobe increafed either by Seeds or Lay-
etsy as MrBebert (the ingenious Keeper. of the publick Garden in
Df ted by many trials,
ayat : We J el it | si oy
se LAwr ws,
Chap. < XT. a o
| Laurus,
"T* Bay-tree, e{pecially this common kind, is fo well known, that
it were fuperfluous to defcribe it; yet being the beft of the
Greens common in our Countrey, and ferving for feveral ufes, it is
not co be neglected in the furniture of the Fruit-garden, Ihave feen
afort of this ordinary Bay, that in re{pect of the {mooth fhining green
Jeaves, and thofe thicker fet on the branches, carried theface ofa
noble Plant, and certainly wasa choice variety raifed from Seeds,
Thefe Bays are not to befet too muchin the Sun, nor open to the
North or Eaft winds ; their Roots muft be defended from long hard
Frofts, by covering them with ftore of long Dung, which at the
Spring may be removed: they are commonly increafed by Suckers,
and fome fow the Berries, which will come up and profper reafonably
well, if defended in Winter. AndasT begun the firft Bookwitha
~ forward Bay bearing Cherries, I willnow conclude this laft with our
domeftick Bay bearing Berries,
From forein Bays I firft Pane
Then travelled from South to North,
And in my journey more than gue ft
What Flowers grew’twixt Eaft and Weff,
And which were like to thrive and ftand
In this our cold and fteril Land: ©
Arriv’d at home, I anchor may
Caft under this oar Country Bay.
Andnow, kind Readers, to complete your pleafure, -
have expofed all my flock of Treafure ;
*Thenaked Natures brought.unto your vicwy,
As well of ancient Beauttes, as of new ;
Fine Flowers and Fruits prefented to the Glad,
Garlands of Greens and Uyprefs to the Sad ;
The flowering Shrubs and bloffom-bearing Trees
To Diligence, that is, untothe Bees,
And for my guerdon this w all I crave, |
Some gentle hand with Flowers may ftrew my Grave,
And with one {brig of Bays my Her[e befriend,
Whenas my Life, as now my Book, doth
BND:
Laus Deo.
239
»*
4.
Hisiuh yes
’
234
Se Cifkus. 39,40
Colombines 177,178
Corn- Sag 11g
4 | Corz- flowers, I Rie!
| Coeadltvee.
Cove/lips.. secenenimatin 59
| Cranes-bsll 142,143
Indian Creffes. 187
Crown Imperial. — 40,41
: Crow-foor, 136,139
| phodils. 93:94,95| Currans. 231
Cypre/s-tree, 236
D
Balfam- apple. 188
Barley 231 Daffodils, 73-83
198) Double Darfies. 167
Bo. trees, 15,16,17,24)25 Dittany. 38,39,40
B4y common, 239 Dogs-tooth. 121,122
Bears-ears. AS L154
Bee- I20] w=
Bel. flowers. 147 ie:
Canterbary-bells. 147,193 | Ellebore. 143,144,145
Bind-weed, 193 oan
Bladder-nut. 233 F
Bine-bortles, 134
Spanifh Broom. 233 | Featherfew double. 166
Box. 237 Dog-Fennel double, ibid.
Buttoss. 198 | Fennel. flower. 190
ae Fig-tree. 227
Indian Fig, ro
Filbeards, 224,225
Canomil double. 166| Forre-tree 236.
159,160} Corn-Flag, I1g
sa ae flower. 148 Toad-Flax, 17998 80
Canterbury-bels. 1473193 Flower-de-luces. 1o7—118
Pa een 1.98 | Flower of Brs/ol, 159,160
214,215 | Suleans Flower. ; 184
elt diakté aes 21,24| Flower Gentle, 185,186
Horfe-Chefunt. 232| Flower of the Sun, 19%
pes briftmas flower, 123] Flower of the night, 195
Chriftmas-rofé. 143] Chriftmas Flower, 123
Kk Fox-gloves
THE TABLE.
Fox. gloves. 180,181 | (Marjerom. 172
F. ritillaries, 46,47 43,49 Sweet M. ary sree 199
: Marjerom Gentle, oe
G Marigolds.
: ; | African or Frenciy Marigolds. 191, fe
Gentian, 146| Martagons, 4334454546
Stock. Gill: flowers. 162,163,164 | Maftic 172
Queens Gilk flowers, 165 | Mer vail of | Peru. 195
Gill:flowers, — , 169,168,169,170 Medlars. — 228
Candy Goldy. locks. 186 Mo Ys 4 90,91,92
Goosberries. 230 mM. oil. Mullbih: 188,189
Grapes. 2255226 | Mulberries, 229
rede Myrtles, ~ 17518,19,20
H —
N
Hawthorn ever-creen, 237 = acs acca
Holly variegated. ibid. | NefForines. 222,223
- Hollshocks, -. 176 | Nettle-tree, | 428,229.
- Hollow-roor. 141 | Tree Nightbade. Bae ee TH
Honifuckles, 35537 | Shrub Bienihadee =: IOs
French Hom/fuckle, 198| Nox-fuch. 159,160.
Horfe-Che[nut. 332 | Bladder Not. pecans t |
Humble Plant, eo See :
Hyacisths, 83—88 a
I Oak of Jenlalett. © 199
Oak of Cappadociae” ibid.
Facinths, 83-88 Oak ever-green, a ao
Fafmines. +: 92252 53 493 53 “ 7 Olive wilde. 2 2525.
Sweet Tolons; 1 | Orenge-tree, I é. I 7 922.0.
é ia 5 | Oxfip. gee st AST
a ee ca so
et cae P Sian oR
Peach-tree deuble-flowered, 21 324.
5 atv ) ne ert : 229,22 1,222,223
Kings-fpeare 94) P 3 211,312
: Peale ‘everlafting. 197.
4 Pellitory donble, 166.
Peniroyal. ¢ aoe.
Ladies. flipper. 144) Peomes, O79:
Tadic feck: daible, 166] Phyllves, seats
Larch-tree, 235) Pswks. 190
Larks-heels, 187| Pipe-tree. 235255234
Lavender,. 173| Py 228,229
Tree of Life. 236| Plums, 226,217,318, |
Perfan Lily. 41 | Pomgranate double. flowered, 2152
Liles, iuaad Poppies double, _ 188,189)
Day-Lily.. 94 Primrofes. I 56, * at 58,159.
Convall Lily. 145 | Privet ever-green, 238.
_ ‘Noble Liverwort. 141,142 Mock.Privet.
Lovelies 2 bleeding. 185] .
or Won, = Q@
M.- Qainces, 213,
Shrub Mallow, =a3525
Indian
‘ a ao See “ae
|
*
&
~~ ee ° ‘
4 THE TABLE
3 a Salzans flower. 184
4 | Sumach. 235
- Indian Reed, _150 | Sux-flower, Igt
Rofe-trees. 26,27,28——3 3 | ;
Rofemary. P26. 173 T
Guelder Rofe. 234 ; «3 ‘= * 3
Chriftmas Rofe. 143 | Tamarwk-tree, 226
‘ Globe-Thitk, ae
.§ + | Chrifts Thorn, - 934
Pe soot T hroat-wort, 148
Saffron flowers. 1ozes106| Time. . a 173
Meadow-Saffron. . 99,100,101 | Tree Trefoil, “Se
Baftard-Saffron, * 184] Bean Trefoil. ote
Sage. 172 | Tree of Life. 236
Woody Saint Iohns wort, (24 | Candy Tufts, 196
Sanicle, 154 | Tulips, 5,51 72
Satin flower. 198 : >
Satyrion. 120 fae
Scabious. 432,183)
Sena-tree. « 233 Vines. ee 225,226
Senfible Plant, 198 | Bulbous Violets. 82,33
Service-tree. 227,223 | Dames Violet. 165
Virginian Silky 149 | Dogs-tooth Violet, / ‘gor
Ladies- flippers Ws 144| Marians Violet, 193
Ladies-(mocks. w 166 | Virgins-bower. 3653
Snails. 198 | Virginian Cimber, ibid,
Snap-dragons. 178,179 | Vorginian Ivy. 235
Sow-bread. 122,123,124 | Virginian filk, 149
Spani(h Broom, 33 Te . ost
Spider.wort. 95,96] | WwW.
Shrub Spirza. 23
Staff-tree. 238 | Wall-flowers. 163,162
Star-flowers. 8858.9,90 | Sweet-williams, - 17P
Star-wort. | Pina-flowerig> —t136
Tree Stone-crop. |Woodbinds, =
Strawberry-tree, 16,17 | Winter Wolf-bane,
FINTS,
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