Missouri Botanical Garden bulletin.

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N. MANCHESTER, INDIANA

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1978
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MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN
BULLETIN

66

1978

Missour! Boranicad
GARDEN EIBRARY.

Missouri
Botanical
Garden
Bulletin

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The Wardian Case,
a Plant Shop specialty,
Page 5.

Herbarium Provides Clues
In Search For Minerals

Each year, the Garden herbarium receives hun-
dreds of requests for loans of plant specimens or for
information concerning them. Most of these requests
are made in connection with systematic studies of
various groups of plants or floristic studies of various
parts of the world. It is for these studies that her-
barium specimens are usually collected: they are
aimed at elucidating the basic nature of plants rather
than at any economic or social goals. However, the
herbarium is always interested in studies which make
non-traditional uses of its specimens, and such
studies often have social aspects.

About two years ago, a request was received
from Dr. R. R. Brooks of Massey University in New
Zealand. In his letter, Dr. Brooks stated that he was
interested in identifying plants which accumulate high
concentrations of nickel, and he asked us if we could
provide him with small samples of herbarium speci-
mens of the genera Hybanthus and Homalium for his
studies. Several species of these two genera were
then known to accumulate nickel in high concentra-
tions, and he was interested in identifying other
species which might do the same. Since Dr. Brooks
only needed very small quantities from each speci-
men — samples approximately one square cm. each
were all that he was requesting — several hundred
samples were sent to Dr. Brooks.

Recently Dr. Brooks paid a short visit to the Gar-
den to study and sample additional herbarium speci-
mens, and while he was here he gave a seminar in
which he summarized his results.

It has long been known that the mineral content
of plants reflects the mineral content of the substrate
on which they grow. For example, plants growing over
rocks high in nickel often contain higher than normal
concentrations of nickel in their tissues. A few plants
which grow over nickel-containing rocks contain ex-
ceedingly high concentrations. Such plants are called
hyperaccumulators of nickel. These facts were discov-

Dr. R. R. Brooks, Massey University, New Zealand.

ered by analyzing plants from areas known to have
high nickel concentrations. Given these facts, it is
reasonable to assume that if one discovers a plant
which is a hyperaccumulator of nickel, it was growing
over rocks high in nickel content. Since the world’s
herbaria contain something over 600 million dried
plant specimens, each with a label telling where the
plant came from, and since only very small portions of
dried plant specimens are needed for the mineral
analysis, Dr. Brooks has been doing his mineral ex-
ploration in herbaria.
During his study of Homalium and Hybanthus,
Dr. Brooks and his co-workers discovered that a
member of the violet family, Rinorea bengalensis,
was also a hyperaccumulator of nickel. This is a
widespread species which occurs from Ceylon to
eastern Australia, and it grows over a wide variety of
substrates. Eighty-nine small herbarium specimens
were analyzed, and nickel concentrations ranging
from 20 to over 17,000 micrograms per gram dry
weight were discovered. When the collection
localities of the analyzed specimens were plotted on
(Continued on Page 2)

Volume LXVI Number 1
January 1978

Herbarium...

(Continued from Page 1)

a map, it was found that those specimens which con-
tained high concentrations of nickel came from areas
known to have rocks high in nickel.

However, there were two exceptions. Two collec-
tions from different parts of New Guinea had very
high concentrations of nickel, but the geology of these
areas is unknown, and so we do not know whether or
not they come from high nickel areas. However, the
probability that this is so is very high, and this is the
interesting and important point about Dr. Brooks’
study: apparently plants preserved as herbarium
specimens can be used to help discover new de-
posits of mineral resources.

This is but one example of how herbarium
specimens may be used for studies totally different
from those for which they were originally gathered.
Some of the collections in the herbarium were made
well over 200 years ago, but they are just as good for
many of the highly refined studies being carried out
today as are specimens gathered only last year. As
techniques for studying the submicroscopic and even
atomic nature of plants continue to be refined, more
and more can be learned about plants from the her-
barium specimens currently on deposit. While these
studies often require that a portion of the specimen be
destroyed, the amount of material required is usually
very small and by selecting only specimens with
abundant material for use in the studies, we can be
certain that we will both contribute to man’s under-
standing of the plants around him and that the speci-
mens will be preserved for the future.

a

Holiday Workshops In Ohio
Conducted By Ken Peck

Ken Peck, head of the Garden’s Education De-
partment, has returned from a holiday visit to Roscoe
Village, Coshocton, Ohio, where he conducted a
two-day series of Christmas decoration workshops
for more than 100 interested Ohioans.

During the workshops, Mr. Peck demonstrated
the methods of constructing six different kinds of holi-
day decorations suitable for home use. He also as-
sisted participants in fashioning their own decorations
and included a bonus within his presentation — show-
ing color slides of the Garden to the two Ohio groups.
Mr. Peck reports that both the workshops and the
slide presentation were well received by the partici-
pants.

Roscoe Village is a restored resort canal town
located on what was once the Ohio and Erie Canal
system. The period of restoration, approximately
1830-40, includes the colorful era when wide, barge-
like canal boats drawn by horses or mules were used
to haul passengers and freight along the inland canal
system, at the breakneck speed of three to four miles
per hour.

During that period, a canal man and his family
would make their home at one end of the large barge,
livestock would be penned at the other end and the
midship section would be used for cargo. Remnants
of the old canal system still exist in some regions of
Ohio, and in the Roscoe Village area a number of
canal locks used to raise or lower barge traffic can still
be seen.

Roscoe Village, like the Garden, is a private,
not-for-profit institution.

CAMPAIGNING AT THE
GARDEN — Mrs. A. Timon Primm
Ill, head of table, second from
left, chairs a briefing meeting for
one of several committees

"- established to coordinate the
Garden's current $6 million
development campaign. Others

' at head of table include, from
left, Kent Guske, director of
development, A. Timon Primm III,
major gifts chairman, and Dr.
Peter H. Raven, Garden director.

The Garden Library: Its Life And Growth

Dr. Frans A. Stafleu, left, of the
University of Utrecht, the Nether-
lands, and Dr. Richard S. Cowan,

Smithsonian Institution, conduct @
research among Garden library
materials, including the rare and
recently acquired Flore d'Egypte,
based on botanical collections
made during Napoleon's
expedition to Egypt.

A library is not a static collection of books. It must
grow through the purchase and exchange of new and
old publications. The Garden publishes its Annals to
report the scientific results of staff research and that
of other investigators. This publication is used by the
Garden library in exchange for other periodical works
from all over the world. Therefore, the Annals plays a
critical role in the growth of the library.

Another facet of the library’s scientific role was
reinforced recently by the visit of Drs. Stafleu and
Cowan, collaborators on an enormous endeavor: a
20th century compilation of taxonomic literature.

The literature of taxonomic botany is enormous,
and taxonomists have long recognized the impor-
tance of periodically producing catalogs of the more
important titles. For example, when he was 28 years
old, Linnaeus, the father of modern botany, published
his Bibliotheca Botanica in which he listed what he
considered the most important botanical works, be-
ginning with the Greeks. This modest volume was not
meant to be comprehensive, and it is important now
principally in identifying some of the abbreviations
which Linnaeus used in his later publications.

Comprehensive guides to the literature of
taxonomic botany seem to appear about once every
hundred years. Albrecht von Haller published his own
Bibliotheca Botanica between 1771 and 1772. These
two thick volumes, which contain over 1400 pages,
are important now because they contain much infor-
mation about pre-Linnaean (pre-1753) literature and

ara

they also contain many references not taken up by
later bibliographers.

Georg August Pritzel published the second edi-
tion of his Thesaurus Literaturae Botanicae between
1871 and 1877. This compilation contains nearly
11,000 separate entries and provides a good over-
view of the literature which had appeared since Hal-
ler’s publication. For many years this has been a
standard reference work for those dealing with botan-
ical literature.

In 1967, Dr. Stafleu published a “modest” volume
entitled Taxonomic Literature, which contains infor-
mation on more than 1400 basic works in taxonomic
botany. He reports that most of the information had
been accumulating in his files for many years and that
one day a visiting taxonomist, after consulting the
files, said to him, “It is unfair for you to have so much
information which is confined to this room.” A month
later, Dr. Stafleu began to compile the manuscript for
his Taxonomic Literature.

The 1967 book is now being expanded into a
much more comprehensive handbook to the most
important literature of systematic botany. This new
handbook, the result of the efforts of Drs. Stafleu and
Cowan, is called Taxonomic Literature, Second Edi-
tion, or TL-2 for brevity. It will appear in five volumes,
totaling more than 6,000 pages. The first volume,
covering authors whose names begin with the letters
A through G, appeared in 1976 and contains informa-

(Continued on Page 4)
3

The Garden Library...

(Continued from Page 3)

tion on more than 2,200 different published works.
Besides giving the title and author of each work, addi-
tional information concerning the authors and the
books is included. For example, dates of publication
are very important in taxonomic botany for establish-
ing the proper names to apply to plants. In many
cases, very precise datings, to the very day on which
books were published, are important. TL-2 will con-
tain this kind of information in addition to a wealth of
other facts concerning the books and authors.

Drs. Stafleu and Cowan are receiving coopera-
tion from some 20 to 30 botanical libraries, located
mostly in North America and in Europe. They visit the
Garden's botanical library once or twice each year to
study the large numbers of rare books which it con-
tains. Dr. Stafleu says that he is constantly amazed at
the richness of our collection. For example, he has
found in the Garden library many rare books which
were originally published in Holland but which he has
not encountered even in their country of origin.

71 Henry Shaw
glee! o Cactus Society
ee pbs Makes Garden
eo *—“* Contribution

The Henry Shaw Cactus Society, represented by
Betty Demzik, president, and Josephine Goelz-
hausor, has presented the Garden with two contribu-
tions — one of $2,500 for improvements in the cactus
service greenhouse; and one of $500 to be used for
general greenhouse operation.

Mrs. Demzik, during the presentation ceremony,
explained that the Society has been pleased by the
spirit of cooperation at the Garden and wished to ex-
press its appreciation with these contributions.

Dr. Peter H. Raven, Garden director, responded
by expressing his gratitude for the Society's generos-
ity and by explaining the features of the floral display
area of the planned new Visitor Orientation/Education
Center, an aspect of the new building of great interest
because of the Henry Shaw Cactus Society show
held annually at the Garden.

The Society is composed of 300 members who
meet the second Sunday of each month except Au-
gust. A special program is presented each month and
members may check out books from the Society's
collection and share cultural information and ideas.

Membership dues are $5 per individual, $7.50
per family. The dues include a subscription to the
Cactus Digest, a monthly publication which is mailed
to members containing cultural information.

For further information regarding membership in
the Henry Shaw Cactus Society, please contact Kathy
Dickman, Route 8, Box 235, Edwardsville, Ill. 62025.
4

Graduate Course In Colombia
Taught By Garden Staff Member

Dr. Alwyn Gentry, assistant curator in the Garden
herbarium, has returned from a three-week trip to
Colombia where he directed a graduate level course
in advanced plant taxonomy.

The course taught by Dr. Gentry, attended by 24
botany professors from thirteen universities, was
funded by Colciencias, the Colombian counterpart of
the U.S. National Science Foundation. This invitation
to conduct the first Colombian graduate level botany
class is another indication of the esteem with which
the Garden's tropical expertise is regarded.

In view of increasing rapid destruction of the
world’s remaining tropical vegetation, it is urgent that
botanists in tropical countries accelerate their studies
of their respective countries’ flora. The increasing in-
terest in plant taxonomy in Colombia is a case in
point.

Seiwa-en Benefit

‘

In charge of arrangements for the Garden's Seiwa-En benefit are,
standing, from left, George Hasegawa, treasurer, Japan America Soci-
ety; Carl L. A. Beckers, Honorary Japanese Consul; Dr. Peter H. Raven,
Garden director; seated, John Armbruster, board chairman, Community
Federal Savings and Loan Association; Mrs. Jane Harris and her hus-
band, Whitney Harris, vice president, Japan America Society.

The Japan America Society and Community
Federal Savings and Loan Association will host a
Japanese Garden benefit on February 26, from 5 to 9
p.m. Mr. and Mrs. Whitney R. Harris are co-chairing
the benefit with the assistance of a large committee.

There will be entertainment, food and beverage
for this special event. For further details and informa-
tion, please call 772-7600, extension 22.

The MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN BULLETIN is pub-
lished 12 issues per year monthly by the Missouri Botanical
Garden, 2345 Tower Grove Avenue, St. Louis, Mo. 63110.
Second class postage paid at St. Louis, Mo. $5.00 per year.
$6.00 foreign.

She Wardian Case

To acquaint Garden Members with new, select,
and rare offerings available in the Plant Shop, the
Bulletin will be featuring monthly selections in a con-
tinuing report entitled “The Wardian Case.”

The term Wardian Case comes to us from the
late 18th and early 19th centuries. The forerunners of
our present day terrariums, these cases evolved from
a simple glass enclosure developed by an English
physician and scientist, Dr. Ward, into transport cases
for early 18th century plant explorers and eventually
into elaborate Victoriana parlor decorations (one may
be seen in Tower Grove House). In all forms, the term
has been associated with the rare, unusual and
unique in the botanical and horticultural world for
nearly two centuries.

Our first feature in this series is Sinningia pusilla.
A member of the Gesneriad family —Gesneriaceae—
this little gem comes to us originally from the wilds of
Brazil. S. pusilla is the only gesneriad which with
proper conditions has no dormancy whatsoever. It is
in the true sense an everblooming plant. No larger
than a quarter at maturity, S. pusilla forms a flat
rosette of /2” hairy leaves with pronounced veination.
The tiny %” violet to lavender flowers are borne in
profusion above the plant on threadlike stems.

S. pusilla is incredibly easy to grow provided that
it is given terrarium conditions. This highlights the
necessity of continuous moisture, warmth and high

humidity. Artificial lighting is ideal although success
can be obtained with high light without direct sun or
curtain filtered sunlight. Seed is produced spontane-
ously, eventually creating large colonies of plants.
Leaf propagation like that of the African violet is pos-
sible.

All in all this diminutive plant is an inexpensive
and valuable addition to your collection, making it one
of the most attractive and worthwhile terrarium sub-
jects.

S. pusilla is available for inspection or purchase
at the Plant Shop, daily from 10 a.m. to 4:30 p.m.

Sinningia pusilla

snowfall and Serenity: A Garden

.
Bb:
“

’
*

be

hon tah hed ted ded hed a ddd

Snow-viewing lantern, yukimi-doro. The teahouse of the Japanese Garden.

6 r

1 Winter

ithered visitor,
w bound.

Drum bridge,
Japanese Garden.

The Library’s African Collection

During the period when the Garden's herbarium
has served as the national repository for African plant
collections, the library has made a special effort to
improve its collections of books and publications on
African botany. While the library already possessed a
very respected selection of books on the African flora,
there were some significant gaps in its holdings.

As an example, the library has had in its collec-
tions since 1930 the second edition of an important
work on North Africa botany: Alire Delile’s Flore
d’Egypte (Paris, 1824). It has only been in the past
few weeks, however, that we have been able to ob-
tain the scarce first edition of this work, published in
Paris in 1813. Delile was a French physician and
botanist who accompanied Napoleon in his attempted
conquest of Egypt. In spite of his medical duties,
Delile found time to study the native plants of Egypt
and to collect plant specimens for several European
herbaria.

As another part of its effort to improve its African
collections, the library staff searches all the publica-
tion catalogues it can obtain that might conceivably
list items of interest. As is true with so many underde-
veloped areas, official publications from Africa are
often produced in very limited editions, are not widely
distributed and are often extremely difficult to locate.
Frequently, one of the biggest challenges faced by
the library staff is the seemingly mundane task of
obtaining the proper address of a government agency
in Africa that may plan to publish something on
botany, forestry, vegetation mapping or other topics of
interest to the botanical researcher.

The library’s collections of “Botanical Africana”
are of interest not only to plant scientists, but to histo-
rians and to scientists in other disciplines as well.
Many of the earlier European publications on Africa
were accounts of travel and exploration into previ-
ously unknown regions. These books often contained
reports on geology and mineral resources, maps and
itineraries of routes, anthropological and ethnological
accounts of native tribes encountered by the explor-
ers, studies of native art and artifacts, as well as lists
of plants and animals observed during the expedition.
A typical example of this type of account is an 1884
work by the English explorer and geographer H. H.
Johnston, The River Congo from its Mouth to Boldbo,
a volume recently added to the library. This book is a
general account of a voyage Johnston began at the
mouth of the Congo in 1882. He discusses sites he
visited along the way, adventures he and his party
experienced (including an attack by a hippopotamus),
and descriptions of plants and animals encountered
along the way. Included among the many illustrations
are several drawings of plants, and there are also two
very useful maps of the area he traversed.

8

Large Floral Display Space
ls Feature Of New Building

One of the outstanding features of the new
Visitor Orientation/Education Center, to be built within
the northern portion of the Garden, will be a greatly
enlarged floral display area. The building itself is the
principal element of the $6 million development cam-
paign now underway.

The floral display hall will be completely climate
controlled to make possible year around use. The
enlarged facility will improve the ability of the Garden
to host shows of the local single plant societies. In-
creased and improved support facilities will be pro-
vided to facilitate set-up and take-down of the shows.
Because of the increase in space, it will be possible to
provide more educational features as a part of all
these displays.

The design of the floral display area will provide
upper level viewing to give an overall observation
area which will include a portion of the restaurant.
Large resident plants in moveable containers will pro-
vide background and framework for the displays and
shows. The increased adjacent parking and ease of
access to the new Center with night lighting will per-
mit evening programs.

While the facility will provide a new access to the
Garden and open an area of the Garden formerly
closed to the public, the present main gate will remain
as it is. Although the Garden Gate Shop will move to
the new Center, the lovely stone and wrought iron
grillwork will remain untouched. The dramatic main
axis of the Garden will be less congested and there-
fore the lily ponds, Climatron and gate can be enjoyed
to their fullest.

By using the space at the north portion of the
Garden more efficiently, the proposed new Visitor
Orientation/Education Center and the adjacent en-
vironmental support complex, an entire new area will
be open to the public. This complex will enable the
Garden to fulfill its three main objectives: research,
education and display.

Floral display area, planned new Visitor Orientation/Education Center.

The Answerman Service Grows And Grows

Members of the Gar-
den’s volunteer
Answerman corps, dur-
ing one of the regular
seminars held to train
new volunteers and
keep current Answer-
men abreast of botani-
cal developments.

A few casual inquiries 15 years ago by curious
gardeners led to a fast growing horticultural answer
service for St. Louis area gardeners. When George
Pring retired as superintendent of the Garden after
more than sixty years of service, he volunteered his
mornings to answering questions, handling 15 to 20
inquiries each day. On the days when Mr. Pring was
not available, the Garden’s department heads were
pressed into service to answer horticultural questions.
However, the queries began to mount so rapidly that
the time demands became too great.

At this time, the Regional Council of Men’s Gar-
den Clubs was contacted for volunteers to assist in
the answer service. Several of the original volunteers
are still serving as Answermen. In 1970, Paul Kohl,
who for fifty years designed, staged and grew the
plants for the Garden’s seasonal shows, retired and

pe ea

joined the Answermen. He alone answers horticul-
tural questions November through March while the
Answermen are in training sessions.

During the winter months, those involved in this
unique service attend a series of weekly seminars
designed to keep them abreast of the latest develop-
ments in horticulture. The 1977-78 series marks the
third year of the teaching program. Instructors are
Garden personnel and extension specialists from the
University of Missouri.

There are presently 18 persons, both men and
women, serving as Answermen. A typical day during
the active gardening season will include 100 calls re-
questing information. More than 11,000 requests
were recorded during the period from March to
November, 1977. A few questions years ago has
blossomed into an active, community-wide service.

PHONE POWER - Volunteers from
the Executive Board and the
Membership Organization, during
the Membership Phonathon, con-
tacted more than 880 members to
remind them to renew Garden
membership. Volunteers are, from
left, Mrs. Barb Merollis; Mrs. Tatie
Reese; Mrs. Carol Houghton;

} Mrs. Ruth Minton; Mrs. Susie
Yoder; Mrs. Annalea Kerckhoff,
Membership Committee chair-
man; Mrs. Sally Behan; Mrs.
Nancy Lammers; seated, Mrs.
Nora Stern, president of the
Executive Board of the Members.

9

Gardening in St. Louis

TSIEN

January is a time when the gardener may relax,
sit back, take it easy and make plans for the coming
season of intense garden activity.

The latest Gallup Poll indicates that 43 million
people are vegetable gardening and that the trend will
continue to increase. Great strides have been made
in the last few years on development of new vegeta-
bles. Outstanding new developments, for instance,
have been made in corn. The goal is to get varieties
which will stay at the proper picking stage for 10 to 14
days, far longer than the present sweet corns. The
EH factor, a genetic trait that slows down the conver-
sion of sugar into starch after picking, is responsible.
Stokes Seeds, Inc., 2657 Stokes Building, Buffalo,
New York 14240, has developed a variety called Can-
dycorn which has red husk markers. Burpee Seed
Company has produced a new variety called Main-
lander, which matures in 88 days and also contains
the EH factor. Both of these excellent yellow kernel
varieties will be popular with home gardeners.

ALL-AMERICAN TOMATO

The new All American Bronze Medal tomato is
Flora America, producing fruit approximately 75 days
after planting and resistant or tolerant to a great many
diseases. It bears fruit from eight to 12 ounces and is
comparable in size to the popular Beefsteak or Big
Boy tomato. This is an excellent variety to grow for
staking or growing in a wire cage.

Hybrid watermelon, Sweet Favorite, is another
All American winner for 1978, maturing in 72 days and
having fruit averaging 20 pounds with a high sugar
content, rich red interior and good flavor. This variety
shows excellent tolerance to anthracnose and
fusarium wilt.

Parsley Curlina is a new mini-triple curled
parsley with dark green leaves on 6¥2 inch plants,
making it an excellent choice for kitchen window pots
or the garden and available from Stokes Seeds.

Seed geraniums continue to highlight the test
gardens throughout the country. These are ideal
geraniums for home culture, blooming late in the St.
Louis area and withstanding adverse weather condi-
tions. Seed geraniums are available in the popular
Sprinter varieties. Showgirl hybrid is another early
free-flowering variety which is bright rose-pink in
color. Orange Punch geraniums, the first really
Orange geranium, has prominently zoned leaves.
This is an earlier flowering variety than the Carefree
geranium and flowers just after Sprinter. Seed
geraniums, when they were first introduced, were
rather late flowering for home gardeners who started
their own seed in March. Since then, earlier and ear-
lier types have been introduced until the seed
geranium has become one of the top 10 annuals in
North America. Home gardeners can now sow these

10

early new varieties in January on the kitchen window-
sill and set out.flowering plants in late May.

SHADE PLANTS

Excellent plants for shade are the new coleus
sabre series, noted for their serrated leaves which
add a graceful and airy look to gardens. These plants
are low-growing and self-branching, bright in color,
and are an asset wherever grown. They are also ex-
cellent for small containers, on patios, porches and
decks.

Another excellent combination are two new be-
gonias called Mars and Glamor White. Mars begonias
are large-flowered red dwarf begonias, while Glamor
White is a large-flowered white fibrous begonia, mak-
ing an ideal combination when planted together.

Dianthus Snowfire is another All American win-
ner for 1978. This is a dwarf base branching plant with
dense masses of fringed bicolor blooms two inches in
diameter. The white blooms with cherry-red centers
provide a long-flowering period in six to eight inch
plants and, if flowers are removed, will very quickly
produce new buds giving added show color. Dianthus
Magic Charm hybrid mix colors, another All American
Bronze Medal winner, are excellent flowers for this
area producing blooms one and three-quarter inches
across. They were planted directly in front of the
Climatron this past summer.

New sources for growers now are the wild flow-
ers which are readily available from the Applewood
Seed Co., 833 Parfet Street, Lakewood, Colorado
80215. This is a seed firm that started about 12 years
ago and has a free mail order catalog which can be
obtained by writing to them. They produce an excel-
lent assortment of wild flower seeds for growing in the
garden in natural areas. Also they have an excellent
collection of herbs. They grow many more of the un-
common species seldom found outside the rare plant
collections and they set high standards for seed vigor
and viability. They also have an excellent book called
Water, Light and Love, A Guide to Growing Plants
from Seed, which sells for $3.95. The book contains
extensive and practical information on more than 120
wildflowers, herbs and other specialty plants. Charts
give germination time, favorable temperature,
whether other special treatment is needed to initiate
seed germination. Seed packets are attractive and
add a new dimension to home gardening.

Some good sources of seed catalogs besides
those listed are: Burpee Seeds, 300 Park Avenue,
Warminster, Pa. 18974; George W. Park Seed Co.,
Greenwood, S.C. 29647; Burgess Seed and Plant
Co., Galesburg, Michigan 49053; R. H. Shumway
Seedsman, Rockford, Ill. 61101; Jackson & Perkins,
Medford, Oregon 97501.

— Robert J. Dingwall
Chief Horticulurist

Chelsea Flower Show

A highlight of the 1978 season will be the Mem-
bers’ English odyssey to the Chelsea Flower Show.
The tour will include visits to London, Salisbury, Dar-
byshire, York and Cambridge. The trip is scheduled
for May 19 through June 4. Further information and
details may be obtained by calling the Members’ Of-
fice, 772-7600, extension 25.

Orchid Show Preview

A special members preview of the Orchid Show
in the Climatron is scheduled for Friday evening, Feb-
ruary 3, from 5 to 7:30 p.m. This exotic display has
long been a favorite and is being offered after a two
year absence. The Garden gratefully acknowledges
the Famous-Barr Co. for making this special event
possible. The Orchid Show has been made possible
through the generous assistance of the Missouri Arts
Council.

SPECIAL NOTICE

Tower Grove House will be closed for reno-
vation January 2 through January 31. During this
period the dining room will be redecorated.

MEMBERSHIPS—NOVEMBER 1977

HENRY SHAW ASSOCIATES INCREASE IN MEMBERSHIPS—
Mr./Mrs. Howard F. Baer NOVEMBER 1977

Mr./Mrs. Joseph H. Bascom SUSTAINING
Mr./Mrs. Stanley F. Jackes
Mrs. Irene C. Jones Mr./Mrs. Jack E. Edlin
Dr./Mrs. H. Kendig Mr./Mrs. T. S. Hall
Mrs. John S. Lehmann Dr./Mrs. Fleming B. Harper
Mr./Mrs. James S. McDonnell, Jr. Mr. C. W. Moore

Mr. A. Y¥. Schultz

Mrs. Florence T. Morris
CONTRIBUTING

Mr. Spencer T. Olin
Mr./Mrs. W. R. Orthwein, Jr.

Mr./Mrs. Joseph J. Anton
Mrs. Harris Burns

Mrs. Howard E. Ridgway

Mr./Mrs. Frederic M. Robinson

oo vias Mrs. William F. Campbell

. S.C. Sachs

Mr./Mrs. Daniel L. Schlafly Mr. John E. Dwyer

Mr./Mrs. Warren M. Shapleigh Mrs. Roy Foster :

Mr./Mrs. Sydney Shoenberg, Jr. Miss Alice P. Francis
Ms. A. Donna King
Mr./Mrs. Ronald Lovett
Mr./Mrs. Sterling J. Ryan

Mrs. Tom K. Smith, Sr.

Mr./Mrs. Tom K. Smith, Jr.
Mr./Mrs. Donald Wildman
Mr./Mrs. Homer E. Sayad

Mr./Mrs. C. C. Johnson Spink
Mr./Mrs. Stuart Zimmerman

Mrs. Hermann F. Spoehrer
Mr. Jack L. Turner

NEW MEMBERSHIPS—
NOVEMBER 1977

Mrs. Ben H. Wells
SUSTAINING

Mr. Robert J. Gaddy
Mr. R. Stemmler
Western Supplies Co.

CONTRIBUTING

Mr./Mrs. N. V. Bussmann
Ms. Margie Coates

Mr. Herman DaCosta

Mr. Thomas L. Gossage
Mr./Mrs. Harold R. Hoffelder

DIRECTOR’S ASSOCIATES

Mr./Mrs. Alexander M. Bakewell
Mr. Clarence C. Barksdale

Mr. E. G. Cherbonnier

Mr. Sam’! C. Davis

Mr./Mrs. August H. Hummer, III
Mr./Mrs. Eldridge Lovelace
Mr./Mrs. A. Timon Primm, Ill
Mr./Mrs. Roland Quest

Mr./Mrs. Robert A. Ridgway
Miss Harriet J. Tatman

Mr./Mrs. Harold E. Thayer

Mr. Marvin Klamen

Mr. Walter S. Koehl
Mr./Mrs. Joseph L. Krechel
Mr./Mrs. Paul B. Wright

REGULAR

Mr. John Abramson
Mr./Mrs. Terry |. Adelman
Mr./Mrs. Herbert S. Alcorn
Mr./Mrs. A. Callaway Allen
Mr./Mrs. Leo L. Altenhofer, Sr.
Ms. Sandra P. Ankrah
Mr./Mrs. Frederic A. Arnstein, Jr.
Ms. Claire Avis

Ms. Evelyn Bartylak

Dr. David F. Barylski
Mr./Mrs. Roland R. Bauer, Jr.
Mr./Mrs. Henry N. Bergel
Mr./Mrs. Henry W. Berger
Mr./Mrs. Melvin J. Berkowitz
Mr./Mrs. Clay P. Bixler
Mr./Mrs. S. J. Blackwell

Mr. John G. Borders
Mr./Mrs. Allen S. Boston
Mrs. Edna E. Bovinett
Mr./Mrs. James F. Bowen
Mr./Mrs. Leo G. Boyer
Mr./Mrs. John C. Brackman
Ruth A. Bradfield

Mr./Mrs. Harry C. Braun
Mr./Mrs. John T. Brooks
Mr./Mrs. Patrick M. Browne
Mrs. Gwendolyn J. Brush
Mr./Mrs. Robert G. Brzyski
Mr./Mrs. L. Singer Burke
Mr./Mrs. John P. Byrne

Mrs. Rose B. Carl

Dr. Robert H. Carroll
Mr./Mrs. Robert A. Cataldo
Mrs. Robert G. Cermak
Dr./Mrs. M. Ishaq Chishti
Mr./Mrs. Edwin M. Clark
Mr./Mrs. Larry Clinton

Mrs. Virginia Coates

Ms. Pam Coe

Miss Bonita G. Coleman
Mr. Thomas M. Condon
Mr./Mrs. E. Collin Copeman
Mr./Mrs. L. T. Corcoran

Ms. Nancy Craig

Mr./Mrs. Horst J. Daehnick
Mr./Mrs. Nelson R. Darragh
Mr./Mrs. Charles F. Darrah
Mr./Mrs. W. M. Daughtrey
Mrs. Mary G. Davenport
Dr./Mrs. Gene L. Davis, Jr.
Mr./Mrs. Richard J. Davis
Mr./Mrs. Vojislav Dimitrijevich
Mr./Mrs. James P. Dionne
Mr./Mrs. Roy R. Dressel
Mr./Mrs. Jack E. Dudley
Mr./Mrs. Harold W. Duke, Jr.
Mr./Mrs. Eugene D. Duncan
Mr./Mrs. Irving Edison
Mr./Mrs. John C. Emmons
Mr./Mrs. M. Erlich

Mr./Mrs. William Errant
Mr./Mrs. Jeff Evans

Mr./Mrs. Jerome N. Farness
Ms. Kathleen A. Fleming
Mrs. Bertha French

Mr./Mrs. Steven Funk
Mr./Mrs. Albert J. Gajdosik
Mr./Mrs. Dennis D. Gallagher
Mr./Mrs. S. L. Garfield
Mr./Mrs. Anthony Garnett
Mrs. W. L. Gatz

Mr. Alan M. Gerstein

Mrs. Antoinette R. Gibbons
Rev./Mrs. Herman Gockel
Mr./Mrs. Irving M. Goldstein
Mr./Mrs. Sam |. Golman
Ms. Zelma J. Greathouse
Mr./Mrs. Allen P. Green

Fund of Greater St.Louls

Mr./Mrs. Stanford S. Grossman
Mr./Mrs. Jack Gumbel

Mrs. Eugenia Haagen

Mr. David A. Hagan

Mr./Mrs. James L. Hamrick Ill
Mr./Mrs. Clifford M. Hardin
Mr./Mrs. John C. Heisler
Mr./Mrs. George J. Helein
Mr./Mrs. Edward Henschel
Mr./Mrs. Frank J. Hey, Sr.
Mr./Mrs. J. Campbell Hixson
Mr./Mrs. John H. Hoffman
Mr./Mrs. James E. Hullverson
Mr./Mrs. Robert E. Hunter
Mr./Mrs. Edmund C. Immer
Mr./Mrs. C. J. Jackson
Mr./Mrs. James P. Jackson
Mrs. Luther Edward Jaco
Mr./Mrs. Hewitt V. Johnston
Ms. Susan Karn

Mr./Mrs. James J. Kennedy
Ms. Alice S. Kimes

Mr./Mrs. Anthony J. Kisling
Ms. Kathianne Knaup
Dr./Mrs. J. W. Knesevich
Mr./Mrs. Paul A. Krueger
Mr./Mrs. Howard A. Kuehner
Mr. Raymond C. Kuhl

Ms. Christine A. Kurtz
Mr./Mrs. Paul J. Lambeck
Dr./Mrs. Morton A. Levy

Ms. Margaret Leyda

Miss Billie Linder

Mr./Mrs. Earl N. Lindquist
Mr. James C. Logomasini
Quentin D. Luster

Mrs. Martha F. MacLean
Mr./Mrs. Donald L. Manion
Ms. Carole Marks

Dr./Mrs. J. Joseph Marr
Mary Institute

Ms. Eileen M. Mathews
Miss Patricia L. Mayhew
Mr./Mrs. Michael F. McCarty
Mr./Mrs. James K. Mellow
Dr./Mrs. G. Leland Melson
Mrs. Garret F. Meyer

Darryl W. Mezo

Mr. Fred D. Miller

Mrs. Andrew S. Mills
Mr./Mrs. Anthony G. Minnick
Mr./Mrs. John J. Miravalle
Miss Nancy Moellering
Dr./Mrs. A. F. Montgomery
Sr. Mary Moore

Mr./Mrs. Alvin T. Mueller
Mr./Mrs. Forrest J. Murphy
Mr./Mrs. Philip Lee Naas
Mr./Mrs. Philip Needleman
Mr./Mrs. Charles J. Nemanick
Miss Alice Nerlich

Dr./Mrs. G. Joseph Nieters
Mr./Mrs. Gregory J. Nooney, III
Mr./Mrs. William B. O'Gorman
Mr./Mrs. Keith A. Paulson
Mr. William M. Perry
Mr./Mrs. Paul F. Petrikovitsch
Mr./Mrs. Buford L. Pickens
Mr./Mrs. Frank C. Pierson
Mr./Mrs. Ted Pipe

Mrs. Harry M. Piper
Mr./Mrs. Judd B. Presley
Principia Upper School
Mr./Mrs. Willard C. Rand
Mrs. S. R. Randall

Mrs. C. Warren Reed
Mr./Mrs. Robert Z. Reed, Jr.
Mrs. Edith M. Ridley
Mr./Mrs. Alvin Ringwald
Mrs. Janet R. Robertson
Mrs. Robert K. Royce

Mrs. Bernice Rubinelli

Mr. F. William Rundquist
Ms. Clara R. Russell

Mr. Sam L. Saeks

Member of

The Arts and Education

11

Miss Therese Santen
Dr./Mrs. R. C. Saphian
Mrs. Gail Saxton

Mr./Mrs. Jacob G. Schenck
Mr./Mrs. Herbert S. Schiele
Mr./Mrs. Albert J. Schlueter
Mrs. Robert J. Schmitt
Mr./Mrs. Perry G. Schneider
Mr./Mrs. Dalton Schreiber
Mr. Harry C. Schulte

Miss June Schwankhaus
Dr./Mrs. Melvin Schwartz
Mrs. Julius S. Schweich

Mr./Mrs. James A. Sedgwick
Mr./Mrs. John Seel

Dr./Mrs. Robert Senior
Mr./Mrs. Roger W. Shaw
Mr./Mrs. Robert Shelli
Mr./Mrs. Charles L. Shiner
Mr./Mrs. David L. Shores
Mr./Mrs. Daniel R. Sidoti
Mrs. Katherine C. Smith
Mrs. J. Woodson Smith
Mr./Mrs. Andrew B. Smither
Dr./Mrs. Stephen E. Snitzer
Dr./Mrs. Donald G. Spalding

Mr. Bruce Springer

Mr./Mrs. Gray Squire
Mr./Mrs. Richard W. Sterling
Mr. Joseph H. Stiens, Jr.
Mrs. Diane Strickler
Mr./Mrs. Irving Sudin
Mr./Mrs. Cleon O. Swayzee II
Mrs. C. Kenneth Thies
Miss Ann Tolin

Mrs. Gladys A. Tolley
Mr./Mrs. Micheal Tripoli
Mr./Mrs. Gene L. Vescovo
Mr./Mrs. Theodore H. Vogel

Ms. Mary Ann Wachtel
Mrs. William E. Walters
Mr./Mrs. John M. Weyers
Ms. Barbara Whitaker

E. V. Wilder

Mr. Bernard Wildi
Mr./Mrs. William E. Wilton
Mrs. Dorothy Winslow
Ms. Emily W. Wood
Mr./Mrs. C. J. Wright
Mr./Mrs. W. Polk Wright
Mr. Donald A. Yatkeman
Ms. Bonnie K. Zielonko

NOVEMBER TRIBUTES

In Honor of Mr. and Mrs. Fred A.

Eppenberger’s 40th Anniversary
Ann and Peter Husch

In Honor of Mrs. S. E. Freund’s
Special Birthday
Mr. & Mrs. Ellis C. Littmann

In Honor of
Mr. and Mrs. Jules Gewinner’s
50th Anniversary

Mr./Mrs. E. R. Grant

Mr./Mrs. Eugene C. Sunnen

In Honor of Mrs. Ellis C.
Littmann’s Birthday
Mr./Mrs. Henry L. Freund

In Honor of Mr. and Mrs. Claude M.
Loper’s Golden Anniversary
Mr./Mrs. Arthur C. Schuchardt

In Memory of Ethel Benert
Mr./Mrs. Arthur F. Boettcher, Jr.
Mr./Mrs. William Robb

In Memory of Mrs. Merlin Bumpus
The William Koerner Family

In Memory of Mr. Patrick A. Dempsey
Tom and Marie Lambert

In Memory of Romaine DeMunsch
Dorothy Becker

In Memory of Mrs. Magdalen J. Dollard

Vi Taylor

In Memory of Mr. John H. Edmonds
Mr./Mrs. D. Goodrich Gamble
Mr./Mrs. Eli Strassner

In Memory of Mrs. Al Goldstein
Mr./Mrs. Ellis C. Littmann

In Memory of Mr. H. C. Grigg
Mr./Mrs. Robert L. Blanke, Jr.

In Memory of

Mrs. George K. (Skeets) Hasegawa

Kikue S. Atkins

Nell Johnson Balhorn
Mr./Mrs. Harry Bungo
Mozelle M. Bynum
Barbara Colagrossi
Natsuko Dean
Eleanor Dowling
Calvin H. East

Mary E. Ely
Engineers’ Wives,

St. Louis Chapter M.S.P.E.

Reaves H. Englebert

Margaret L. Fitzsimmons

Dr. Milton T. Fujita

Irene Garvey

Margaret M. Gaule

Alta B. Hamilton

Dr./Mrs. John Hara

Ikebana International,
St. Louis Chapter

Japan America Society

Mr./Mrs. Akira Kodama

Henrietta Kushkin

Clara A. LeClerq

Mr./Mrs. Joseph W. Lewis

Florence T. Morris

Sherry Ann Nieters

Dr./Mrs. George Nishida

Margaret D. Ohrman

Mary C. Pierce

Jane B. Poor

Dr./Mrs. Peter H. Raven

Pauline Sakahara

Mr./Mrs. Hugh Semple

Walter G. Shifrin

Edwin T. Shimamoto

Mrs. W. Frank Simms, Jr.

Marjorie G. Sisk

Mrs. Robert E. Soden

Scott and Annette Styles

Hiroko Takano

Mrs. Harvno Tsuruoka

Betty J. Watkins

In Memory of Mrs. Emma Hilliard
Pearl K. Spring

In Memory of Mrs. Rose Holtzman
Mr./Mrs. D. Goodrich Gamble
Gloria and Ed Hogbin

In Memory of Mignon M. Ittner
Mrs. Warren C. Bruce

Mrs. Richard Hardcastle
Louise and Scott Ittner

Mrs. Elizabeth N. Young

In Memory of Dr. Garrett S. Kieffer
Dr./Mrs. Robert E. Bedell

In Memory of Mrs. Raleigh Kirk
Mrs. Malcolm Reid

In Memory of Mrs. W. Warren Kirkbride
Ruth K. Jacobson

In Memory of Margie Lee
Dorothy Meyer
Marion Pfeiffer

In Memory of John G. Lilly
Mr./Mrs. Edwin S. Baldwin

In Memory of Mr. Ted Lorenz
Mr./Mrs. Robert M. Early

In Memory of Mr. George E. Mellow
Mrs. John Stodieck, Jr.
Edwin R. Waldemer

In Memory of Ruth Young Mitchell
Mr./Mrs. G. K. Sandweg

In Memory of Bonnie Munn
Mr./Mrs. Charles Leven

In Memory of Joseph S. Outley
Martha Kattwasser

In Memory of Mr. Newell T. Paterson
Pearl K. Spring

In Memory of Mr. Duncan Pritchard
Mrs. Jean-Jacques Carnal

In Memory of Mrs. Charles (Jessie)
Russell

Mary Frances Hazelton

Jean Russell

In Memory of Howard Schumann
Mr./Mrs. Oscar P. Wieland

In Memory of Mr. Bradford Shinkle, Jr.
Eleanor and Henry Hitchcock

In Memory of Mr. George Shirling
Mrs. J. A. Griffith

In Memory of Mr. J. G. Taylor Spink
C. C. Johnson Spink

In Memory of Dr. Albert C. Stutsman
Dr./Mrs. D. W. Eades

Mr./Mrs. D. Goodrich Gamble

Mrs. C. Edward Hermann

Mr./Mrs. Frederick J. Pitzman

Edwin R. Waldemer

In Memory of Mr. and Mrs. Ralph C.
Trovillion
Mr./Mrs. Edmund A. Hogbin, Jr.

In Memory of Mr. William G. von Weis:
Mr./Mrs. Arthur K. Howell, Jr.
Employees of von Weise Gear Compan
Watson Development Company

In Memory of Mrs. Ben F. Watts
George and Nadine Mahe
Sally Schiller

In Memory of Mrs. W. J. Westphalen
Mr./Mrs. Robert L. Blanke, Jr.

MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN BULLETIN

2345 Tower Grove Avenue
Saint Louis, Missouri 63110

SECOND CLASS
POSTAGE

PAID

AT ST.LOUIS, MC .

+,

Missouri
Botanical
Garden
Bulletin

On display or on sale,
February is orchid month,
Page 4

Dr Raven Named Io National Museum Board

Dr. Peter H. Raven, Garden director, was sworn
in aS a member of the newly created National
Museum Services Board in ceremonies held De-
cember 16 at the Brooklyn Children’s Museum in New
York.

Mrs. Joan Mondale, wife of the Vice President,
was among those sworn in. Participating was HEW
Secretary Joseph A. Califano, Jr.

Dr. Raven’s appointment was confirmed by the
United States Senate on Tuesday, December 6. He is
the only botanical garden representative to be named
to the new national board, composed of 15 members.

The Institute of Museum Services was estab-
lished through the Museum Services Act (Title Il of the
Arts, Humanities and Cultural Affairs Act of 1976),
which was signed into law October 8, 1976. This legis-
lation is the first to provide direct assistance for the
nation’s museums, which are visited by 300 to 500
million people each year.

The Museum Services legislation was enacted to
“encourage and assist museums in their educational
role; to assist Museums in modernizing their methods
and facilities so that they may be better able to con-
serve our cultural, historic and scientific heritage; and
to ease the financial burden borne by museums as a
result of their increasing use by the public.”

Mrs. Lee Kimche, former executive director of
the Association of Science-Technology Centers, is
director-designate of the Institute. “Of utmost impor-
tance,” Mrs. Kimche noted, “is the fact that the legis-
lation authorizes for the first time, federal assistance
to defray museums’ operating expenses.”

The Institute of Museum Services has been for-
mally established within the U.S. Department of
Health, Education and Welfare, reflecting the impor-
tant role museums play as non-traditional educational
resources. The Institute will operate in close coopera-
tion with the Office of the Secretary of Education.

Dr. Peter H. Raven, right, Garden director, during swearing-in
ceremonies for the National Museum Services Board, held recently
at the Brooklyn Children’s Museum in New York. Among those also
named to the national board are, from left, Mrs. Joan Mondale, wife
of Vice President Walter F Mondale; and Mrs. Nancy Negley,
president's advisor, San Antonio (Tex.) Conservation Society.

Dr. Raven joins 14 other Museum Services
Board members appointed by President Carter, who
with five ex-officio representatives of federal agencies
concerned with art, science and education, comprise
the 20-member board. The appointed members of
the board represent a broad spectrum of museums,
including art, history, technology and science
museums, as well as children’s museums, botanical
gardens and zoos.

A major activity of the new Institute will be the
administration of a grant program to museums for
improving museum services. Specific program
priorities and guidelines were discussed by the new
Board of the Institute of Museum Services at a meet-
ing in New York in mid-December.

As a board member, Dr. Raven will participate in
the development and implementation of these
policies, as well as supervising the Institute’s pro-
grams when it begins formal operations in early 1978.

Volume LXVI Number 2
February 1978

Capital Campaign Roaches $3. 3 Million

4,§ meu ae re
| in) ASS \

ey

: alin or f
\ WZ A i, tith
i Opa Oe

P if (}

ish

The Garden’s $6 million capital improvement
campaign has reached the $3.3 million mark in con-
tributions and pledges, it was announced to the Board
of Trustees in December by Robert R. Hermann,
general campaign chairman.

“The drive has completed the first one-third of its
solicitation effort,’ said Mr. Hermann. “The next
phase is now beginning and if we are able to reach
everyone with our story, we will have the $6 million by
the fall of 1978.”

This project is one of the most ambitious and
forward looking in the 119-year history of the Garden.
It represents the final phase of the Garden’s master
plan.

The major component of the new construction is
the proposed Education/Visitor Orientation Center.
This facility will provide additional space for class-
rooms and an auditorium so that expanded pro-
grams can be offered for children and continuing
education for adults. Adjacent lighted parking will
facilitate nighttime use for classes, lectures, films and
shows. The new building will increase the Garden’s
ability to improve and expand its services as an inter-
national center for botanical research, education and
display.

According to the construction schedule, ground
will be broken early in 1979. It is expected, if all goes
as planned, that the building will be dedicated and
opened in 1980.

2

A new 300-seat
auditorium, part of the
Garden's planned
$5 million Education /
Visitor Orientation

educational programs
for children and adults.

spring Garden Workshop
Scheduled For March 4-5

The Sixth Annual Spring Garden Workshop will
be held in the Floral Display House on Saturday and
Sunday, March 4-5, 1978. The hours of the workshop
are 11 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. on Saturday, and noon to
4:30 p.m. on Sunday. New ideas in gardening will be
presented and literature will be available to assist in
gardening this spring. A great deal of effort has gone
into planning by the staff and in addition, commercial
exhibits will be available to help you with your garden-
ing problems. There will be a special small bulb dis-
play of some of the more unusual bulbs not com-
monly found growing in the St. Louis area. Soil types
and methods of improving them will be discussed.
Staff and Answermen will answer any garden ques-
tions, particularly those oriented to problems dealing
with the outdoor garden. A special section will be
devoted to indoor plants and their care.

The MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN BULLETIN is pub-
lished 12 issues per year monthly by the Missouri Botanical
Garden, 2345 Tower Grove Avenue, St. Louis, Mo. 63110.
Second class postage paid at St. Louis, Mo. $5.00 per year.
$6.00 foreign.

Ron Liesner, Investigator

Ron Liesner of the Garden’s botany department
is a very important individual.

And therein, as they say, lies a tale:

For many years, one of the Garden’s principal
focal points in collecting herbarium specimens and
research has been the New World tropics. This is
understandable, because the tropics afford greater
species diversity in a smaller geographical area than
the temperate zones. For example, Panama, only half
the size of Missouri, has about four times the number
of plant species. There are more species of ferns in
Costa Rica than all of North America north of Mexico.
Current statistics paint only a sketchy figure of the
richness of the tropics, since botanical exploration
there is still in a preliminary stage: discoveries of new
species are almost a daily occurrence.

A further reason for the importance of rapid col-
lection and investigation of the tropics is the rapid rate
of land development, ensuring the destruction of most
natural forests before the end of this century.

As one might guess, collections from the tropics
present unique problems and create a special di-
lemma for institutions handling them. The recent in-
creased specialization of taxonomists who usually
work with a genus, group of genera or family; and the
retirement of many older experienced generalists,
who could identify any plant to the family level where
it could be continued by a specialist, has created a
gap in the process of plant identification. One cannot
overestimate the importance of rapid identification of
tropical collections. Interdisciplinary aspects of work
done in the tropics, ranging from anthropological to
ecological, zoological and geological studies, need

Ronald Liesner

an accurate assessment of plants involved. In addi-
tion to aiding other sciences, systematics itself is
furthered by incorporating recent tropical collections
into herbaria. Often the collections themselves are
the tools used by a botanist to familiarize himself with
the flora of an area, since many countries have no
published flora. Even for those botanists not collect-
ing in the tropics, species collected there provide val-
uable information and links toward unraveling the
threads of botanical order. New species yet to be dis-
covered in the tropics will provide clues to the further
understanding of plant evolution, phylogeny, and
phytogeography.

All these factors combine to make Ron Liesner of
the Garden’s botany department a very important in-
dividual — both to the Garden and to the entire field of
systematic botany. Ron trained himself in general
identification of plants by devoting many hours of his
spare time to poring over tropical collections at the
Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago. It is his
responsibility to sort and categorize all the uniden-
tified collections sent to the Garden, some 20,000
specimens each year. Many are sent here specifically
because of Ron’s expertise with unidentified tropical
collections.

Ron sorts and categorizes the plants, referring
many to experts on the staff or at other institutions.
But because there are specialists for less than 10
percent of all the tropical plant groups, many plants
would remain completely unnamed without the ben-
efit of Ron’s expertise and experience. Collections
are first categorized by plant family according to cer-
tain characteristics. The collections of each family are
then studied and plants identified by matching them
with older, identified plant collections and published
revisions. In this methodical manner, unnamed plants
acquire names and added scientific significance. Al-
though sometimes it is impossible to completely
name a plant due to lack of previous collections or
published description, the plant is made accessible to
botanists and other scientists specializing in that
group of plants. Thus, as a result of Ron’s work,
newly collected material of uncertain identity is dealt
with, categorized and inserted to be used as a refer-
ence and a research tool.

In a letter to Ron, Daniel H. Janzen, presently a
professor at the University of Pennsylvania, states,
“In reference to your letter of inquiry of a month or so
ago, | would like to make it emphatically clear that the
determinations provided by you and other members
of the Missouri Botanical Garden are essential for my
research in Guanacaste Province, Costa Rica. | sim-
ply would not be able to do what | am doing without
these determinations.”

It has been said that the caliber of an institution is
indicative of the caliber of people who work there. In
this case, the Garden can feel very proud of the serv-
ices to taxonomy and to the tropics that Mr. Liesner
has rendered.

3

SheHiardian Ease

To acquaint Garden Members with new, select,
and rare offerings available in the Plant Shop, the
Bulletin will be featuring monthly selections in a con-
tinuing report entitled “The Wardian Case.”

Although the cultivation of orchids has been a
relatively recent development, the knowledge and
love of this plant family can be traced through the
centuries to the Orient and ancient Greece. It was the
Greek philosopher Theophrastus who first named
them orchis, from which the name orchid was de-
rived.

The plantsmen of the 18th century initiated the
interest in growing orchids for ornamental purposes.
In 1731 Bletia verecunda was received in England,
beginning the history of orchid importation and culti-
vation as it is Known today.

During the month of February, the Plant Shop
will be featuring a fine selection of orchids in bud or
sheath, ready to provide you with weeks of enjoy-
ment.

The Plant Shop is open daily 10 a.m. to 4:30 p.m.

Bey aed i

hes ae

Paphiopedilum (hybrid)
4

Angroecum sesquipedale

Orchid Show
Opens February 4

“Botanicals” for beginners and “cultivars” for
home culture will abound at this year’s Orchid Show
at the Garden! Orchids from the Garden’s world fa-
mous collection which are suitable for home culture in
the St. Louis area will be the feature of this year’s
show. Among them will be gorgeous corsage orchids
(cattleya species and related hybrids), mottled-leaf
tropical lady’s-slippers (paphiopedilums), miniature
cymbidiums and dancing ladies (oncidiums), ever-
green dendrobiums, dazzling moth orchids
(phalaenopsis), delightful epidendrums and an array
of smaller botanical species from many exotic lands.

Information on where to purchase suitable or-
chids, how to care for them in the home, and where to
learn more about them will accompany the special
display which will be staged in the northern section of
the Climatron. Flowering representatives of the rest of
the Garden's collection of 700 different kinds of or-
chids from the world over will also be on display
throughout the Climatron.

The Orchid Show, made possible in part through
the cooperation of the Missouri Arts Council, will run
from Saturday, Feb. 4, through Sunday, March 12.

Seiwa-En Benefit

The Japanese Garden Benefit, a very spe-
cial event for a very special cause, is scheduled
for Sunday, Feb. 26, from 5-9 p.m. Members
have been asked to call 772-7600, extension 22,
for details on ticket purchase.

A&E Fund Drive Begins February 6

The annual St. Louis Arts and Education Fund
Drive will begin on Monday, February 6, 1978, and the
Garden, as one of the fund members of the Arts and
Education Council, is vitally interested in supporting
the drive.

Howard M. Love, president and chief operating
officer of National Steel Corporation, has been named
chairman of the campaign, which has a goal of
$1,800,000 — a 16% increase over 1977. Mr. Love
said that the Arts and Education Council of Greater
St. Louis is one of only three united arts’ funds in
America to receive National Endowment for the Arts
Challenge grants in 1977. The $250,000 grant is to be
matched by $750,000 of new money by 1979.

Mr. Love emphasized that the pressing need to
increase private support for cultural and educational
activities in St. Louis “places a special responsibility
upon the business community here, because this is
the source from which the greater portion of the goal
must come.” He said that, although most people
believe that cultural and educational activities are
self-supporting, this is far from the truth.

“St. Louis arts and education organizations do

much better than the national average by consistently
raising about three-quarters of their own operating
budgets,” he said. “Inflation and increased demand
for services has been widening the gap between what
the agencies can raise for themselves, by ticket rev-
enues and contributions, and what they need to stay
in business. It is the responsibility of this Campaign to
bridge this gap, and thus ensure that the arts and
education activities that are so important to our com-
munity, culturally, socially, and economically, are pre-
served,” he explained.

St. Louis is one of about 30 metropolitan areas in
America that has adopted a unified concept of
generating private support for community cultural
activities. The annual Arts and Education Fund
Campaign is conducted throughout Metropolitan St.
Louis by the Arts and Education Council, a federation
of 118 cultural and educational organizations that was
formed in 1963.

Member organizations fall into two categories:
twelve which derive direct financial support from the
Fund, and more than 100 regular and associate
members who use the common services of the
Council, such as printing, mailing, and promotion.

Tom Hill,
Artist,

To Present
Lecture

Tom Hill, a member of the American Watercolor
Society and National Academy of Design, will present
an illustrated slide lecture and watercolor painting
demonstration at the Garden on Friday, March 17, at
7:30 p.m. Mr. Hill is a resident of Tucson, Arizona, and
will come to St. Louis under the sponsorship of the St.
Louis Artists’ Guild. He is an instructor who brings a
wealth of skill, experience and sensitivity to his

. 7 , — "
hi ng” ; Sy
P 5 ‘ — la ae <
i? < | ez

A Tom Hill watercolor — uniqueness in approach and method
classes, and offers his students a unique opportunity
to learn his color approach and methods.

Mr. Hill will follow the lecture with two daytime
classes Saturday and Sunday, March 18 and 19, open
to the first 35 persons who register. For further details,
information, and registration please call the St. Louis
Artists’ Guild, 961-1246.

Members Getaway Weekend
On March 4-6, visit the Philadelphia Flower Show, now rated as the best in the country; Morris
Arboretum; and Longwood Gardens. Bob Dingwall, Chief Horticulturist at the Garden, will be the tour
escort. For more information, please call the Member’s Office, 772-7600, extension 25.

Members Are ‘special Pe

Mrs. Carol Houghton models
one of several ensembles
from The Shop for
Pappagallo during the
fashion segment of a
Members’ Fall Show Preview
Party.

Other fashions during the
Preview Party are modelled
by, below, from left, Mrs.

%e Nora Stern, president of the
aA Executive Board of the
Members; Mrs. Carol
Houghton; Mrs. Jane Coultas;
and Mrs. Tatie Reese.

©

Santa Claus, a helpful elf and one small visitor
take part in a children’s program during the

Poinsettia Preview Party.

te “ PX ei Fiat Show.

" r=. “
*

b N
hm 7
; = i N
m., yy 4
Ae )
Garden members enjoy the refreshment side of a private party Mrs. Florence Morris, a Henry Shaw Associate, serves as
held for high level members prior to the 1977 Fall honorary hostess at the private, pre-Fall Show party.

Extravaganza Flower Show.

New Volunteer Group
Formed For Japanese Garden

With spring rapidly approaching, concern at the
Garden is turning toward the many outdoor tasks
which will require great attention once the weather
moderates and green things begin to appear. One
area which will be in particular need of care is the
one-year-old Japanese Garden development.

To address this new and very real responsibility,
a group of volunteers is being formed to be spe-
cially trained to assist in maintenance of the
Japanese Garden.

Training sessions will include a slide presentation
illustrating actual gardens in Japan, with individual
attention to the techniques used in maintaining a
Japanese garden. There will be talks and demonstra-
tions concerning pruning, mulching, gravel raking,
and general comments on keeping the garden tidy.
Each volunteer will be given a special area to main-
tain. Special lectures will be given on the history of
our Japanese Garden so that volunteers will be pre-
pared to answer questions that visitors might ask.

The training sessions will take place on Monday,
February 20, and Monday, February 27, from 10 a.m.
until noon, in the auditorium of the John S. Lehmann
Building. Those interested in joining this group have
been asked to contact Carol Taxman at 772-7600,
extension 53.

Women Of Achievement

Two devoted friends of the Garden — Lucianna
Ross and Betty Sims — have been named 1977
Women of Achievement by the St. Louis Globe-
Democrat. The Garden's sincere congratulations are
offered for this well-deserved tribute.

Among her many other achievements, Lucianna
has served for many years as a guide at the Garden,
and was co-chairman of the guide program for two
years. Betty is one of five volunteer buyers who serve
the Garden Gate Shop. She has also been active in
the establishment of the Arts and Education hotline,
through which teachers contact the Arts and Educa-
tion Council to determine resources available through
various agencies, including the Garden.

The Garden joins the Globe-Democrat in salut-
ing Lucianna and Betty as 1977 women of exceptional
achievement.

Members’ Lecture Series

The Spring Lecture Series for members has
been developed into a very interesting and exciting
program. Each lecture will be presented at 10:30 a.m.
and 8:00 p.m. on Wednesdays, March 8 through April
19. The series will include lectures and demonstra-
tions encompassing the various ways in which people
use plants in art, medicine, agriculture, crafts, etc.
Further information will be forthcoming to all mem-
bers in a detailed brochure.

8

| Dr. Croat
Appointed
_ lo New

| / Curatorship

t i
wi «Dr. Thomas B. Croat

— K. Smith Jr., president of the Garden Board
of Trustees, has announced the appointment of Dr.
Thomas B. Croat as the first Paul A. Schulze Curator
of Botany.

The new curatorship, Mr. Smith said, honors the
late Paul A. Schulze, for many years the owner of a
St. Louis dairy products company. A third of Mr.
Schulze’s estate was left to the Garden and added to
its endowment program, Mr. Smith added.

Dr. Croat, a member of the Garden’s staff since
1967, received his Ph.D. from the University of Kan-
sas. For his first seven years at the Garden, his ac-
tivities have centered on a study of the plants of Barro
Colorado Island, a Smithsonian Institute research
center located in Gatun Lake of Central America. The
three-year study included numerous collecting trips to
Panama. Thousands of Dr. Croat’s field observations
and specimens will provide the basis for his soon-to-
be-published book, “Flora of Barro Colorado Island.”
This illustrated book will serve as a guide for approx-
imately 1,360 species of plants on the island.

Dr. Croat is an adjunct faculty member of
Washington University and holds memberships in
many national and international scientific societies.
He is the recipient of numerous research grants,
which have resulted in more than 25 published scien-
tific papers.

Mr. Smith said the curatorship is similar to a uni-
versity professorship, in that “a curator is responsible
for the care of a collection of plants, adds to the col-
lection by gathering specimens on field expeditions,
and studies the specimens to increase the knowledge
of plants they represent.”

Mr. Smith added that the Garden's collection
consists of more than 2.5 million dried specimens
preserved for scientific study.

In 10 years Dr. Croat has added more than
40,000 individual plants to the Garden’s herbarium.
By exchanging duplicates of the plants with other bo-
tanical gardens and universities, he is responsible for
the addition of well over 100,000 more specimens to
the Garden’s herbarium collection.

Dr. Peter Raven, director of the Garden, said Dr.
Croat’s collections represent expeditions to nearly all
of the countries of Latin America and Madagascar in
East Africa.

Gardening in St. Louis

To cheer the dreary winter days, why not force
some branches? Apples, azaleas, flowering quince,
maples, plums, forsythia and pussy willows will all
force easily. Select plants which need pruning and
with pruning shears, remove two to three foot
branches, a quarter of an inch in diameter at the
base. Bring branches into the house and immerse in
a tub of warm water for half an hour. Remove from
water and make a two to three inch slit at the end of
each branch. Place in a container in an area where
the temperature is approximately 65 degrees. As
soon as buds begin to open and show color, arrange
in containers. Place in good light, which will intensify
the colors.

Some of the branches will root and can be potted
in containers. Place in a cool area with temperatures
kept above freezing until time to plant outdoors. This
is also an excellent time for taking cuttings of shrubs
or evergreens you wish to propagate. Select cuttings
six to eight inches long from good wood. Dip the cut-
tings in a rooting hormone and place in a mixture of
one part peat moss to three parts perlite. Keep the
mixture moderately moist, providing high humidity by
enclosing them in a plastic bag or covering with plas-
tic. Keep in an area where the temperature is 75 to 80
degrees. Bottom heat from a heating pad will insure
better rooting. Cuttings should be well rooted in four-
six weeks at which time they can be potted and
placed in a hotbed or cold frame outdoors for planting
later.

Geranium Seeding

Geranium seeds started this month will produce
flowering plants by the 24th of May. Select fresh seed
and sow in the normal manner, placing in an area
where temperatures are about 70 degrees. Seed
should be lightly covered and kept moderately moist.
Germination should occur in 10 to 14 days and will
continue for two weeks before all seedlings are ger-
minated. When seedlings produce a second or third
pair of true leaves, they are ready for transplanting
into individual pots. Seedlings should be given good
light and some sun or artificial light for 12 to 14 hours

to encourage growth. Geraniums grown from seed
are available in a wide range of colors, are compact
growers, self branching, and continue to flower during
the summer. The seed geraniums are superior to
many of the older varieties grown from cuttings.

Hobby greenhouses require more attention as
plants begin to grow and day length increases.
Check to be certain that insects are under control.
Control white fly by using the new Pyrethrin SBP
1382, applying underneath the leaves as well as on
the top. Check for red spider, tiny mites which feed by
sucking the juices and are often first noticed because
of a fine webbing over the plant. Pentac alternated
with Kelthane applied once every three days for at
least four applications will control red spider. Plants
which have become potbound should now be moved
into containers at least two sizes larger. Start
gloxinias, begonias and caladiums for later use. Sow
seeds of geraniums, impatiens, begonias followed
later by some of the annuals which require less time
to come into flowering. Seedlings should be sown in
sterile mix, such as Jiffy Mix, barely covering the seed
and keeping it moderately moist until germination oc-
curs. Seeds do best in a temperature of 75 to 80
degrees, supplied with bottom heat which will main-
tain uniform soil temperatures. Transplant seedlings
as soon as the second or third pair of leaves are
showing, spacing adequately. Removal of the grow-
ing tip to cause branching in some may be required
several weeks after the initial planting stage.
Spring Bulbs

Spring bulbs such as tulips and daffodils should
now be forcing readily, and as the month progresses,
less time is required for bringing indoors until flower-
ing. Gerbera, which tolerates hot, dry summers, is an
excellent plant for growing in the St. Louis area. Seed
should be started this month and takes approximately
10 to 14 days for good germination. Transfer seedlings
to three-inch pots where they can be grown. In late
April plants can be set outdoors in a permanent area
where they will start flowering and continue flowering
all summer. They make excellent cut flowers for floral
arrangements and come in a wide range of colors.
Large plants can be potted in the fall and carried
through the winter and, if given regular feedings of
liquid fertilizer, will reward the grower with constant
blooms throughout the winter months for floral arrang-
ing or for decorative pots indoors. Impatiens, which
come in a wide range of colors, should be started late
in February and sown on Jiffy Mix; do not cover the
seed as good light is needed for germination which
takes 14 to 20 days. In growing seedlings watch for
damping off, a.bacterial disease, which can be ex-
tremely detrimental. If damping off is apparent, apply
a fungicide to the pot immediately and remove in-
fected seedlings. Give plenty of air and keep on the

drier side for a day or two.
(Continued on Page 10)

9

(Continued from Page 9)

Vegetable Plants

Vegetable seeds should be ordered this month
and, in fact, early cool crops should be started either
indoors or planted directly in the garden. Peas sown
in February will give a good crop in early spring. Cab-
bage, cauliflower, brussels sprouts and spinach sown
this month will be ready to eat in late March or April.
During mild weather, prune grape vines and thin fruit
trees. Remove sucker growth and head back
branches to control height and increase flower spurs.
Remove damaged wood. Do not remove mulches
during mild spells as it is much too early. Wait until
late in March before doing this. Check plants for heav-
ing due to heavier frost, and firm back into the soil.
Check along foundation plantings at roof overhangs
to make sure soil has not dried out and if need be,
take the hose and water heavily on a mild day to in-
sure sufficient moisture. Areas where salt has been
used around icy winter walks should be heavily wa-
tered in mild spells to carry away excess salt and
prevent burning.

— Robert J. Dingwall
Chief Horticulturist

Susie McNamara of the Garden staff, left, works with Gary Williams
and Michele Williams, students from Mt. Carmel School participating
in the Garden-St. Louis Board of Education Magnet School project.

A Member's Guide To Garden Organizations

Because of their strong interest in botany, hor-
ticulture and related subjects, Garden members are
active in a wide variety of plant societies and garden
clubs. Many members, although interested in becom-
ing more active in garden organizations, have diffi-
culty determining the addresses or names of society
officials. As a member service, the following is a list-
ing of popular plant societies and garden clubs.

PLANT SOCIETIES

The Rose Society of Greater St. Louis, Pres. William
E. Ware, 5340 Springtail Dr., St. Louis, MO

American Rose Society, Box 30,000, Shreveport, LA
71130

St. Louis Herb Society, Pres. Mrs. Wm. Hallett, 134
Valley Rd., Webster Groves, MO 63119

Herb Society of America, 300 Massachusetts Ave.,
Boston, MA 02115, Mrs. W. B. Clark, Secretary

Greater St. Louis Chapter International Hobby
Greenhouse Club, Mrs. Robert Slifer, 1450 Carmen
Rd., St. Louis, MO

National Hobby Greenhouse Assoc., Box 695-F. Wal-
lingford, CT 06492

The Boxwood Society of the Mid West, Mrs. Mary
Gamble, 23 Bon-Price Terraces, St. Louis, MO 63132

The American Boxwood Society, Box 85, Boyce, VA
22620

10

Henry Shaw Cactus Society, Mrs. Betty Demzik, #7
Frontenac Estates, St. Louis, MO 63131

International Cactus and Succulent Society, Box 691,
Breckenridge, Texas 76024

American Horticulture Society, Mount Vernon, VA
22121

St. Louis Horticultural Society, Mrs. Jessie Busch,
205 Slocum, St. Louis, MO

African Violet Society Of Greater St. Louis, Mrs. Fred
Tretter, 4988 Scholmyr, St. Louis, MO

The African Violet Society of America, PO. Box 1326,
Knoxville, TN 37901

Orchid Society of Greater St. Louis, Mrs. John Niess,
77 Hawthorne Ct., Kirkwood, MO 63122

American Orchid Society, Inc., Botanical Museum of
Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02183

The Bromeliad Society, RO. Box 3279, Santa Monica,
CA 90403

Organic Garden Club, Mrs. Chas. Belt, 2559 Oak
Spring Lane, St. Louis, MO 63131

Bonsai Society of Greater St. Louis, Mrs. Landon R.
Hill, 1029 Camelot Gardens Dr., St. Louis, MO 63125

Bonsai Clubs International, 445 Blake Street, Menlo
Park, CA 94025

The American Bonsai Society, 953 South Shore
Drive, Lake Waukomis, MO 64151

Greater St. Louis Dahlia Society, Ellis Evans, 5460
Delmar, St. Louis, MO

Great Rivers Chapter of The American Holly Society,
Mary Nell McDaniel, 705 S. Busey Ave., Urbana, IL
61801

The Holly Society Of America, Inc., 407 Fountain
Green Road, Bel Air, Maryland 21014

Indoor Light Garden Society Of America, Mrs. James
C. Martin, 432 Powell Drive, Bay Village, OH 44140

American Daffodil Society, 89 Chichester Rd., New
Canaan, CT 06840

American Fern Society, Dr. James D. Caponetti,
Dept. of Botany, Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN

American Gloxinia and Gesneriad Society, Mrs. J. W.
Rowe, Box 174, New Milford, CT 06776

American Gourd Society, Box 274, Mount Gilead, OH
43338

American Hibiscus Society, Mrs. Gorden Fore, Rt. 1,
Box 491 F, Fort Meyers, FL 33905

American Hosta Society, Paul Aden, 980 Stanton
Ave., Baldwin, N.Y. 11510

American Penstemon Society, Howard McCready,
1547 Monroe St., Red Bluff, CA 96080

American Ivy Society, 128 West 58th St., New York,
NY 10019

American Camellia Society, Box 1217 Fort Valley, GA
31030, Milton Braun, Secretary

American Begonia Society, Inc., 6333 W. 84th PI., Los
Angeles, CA 90045

American Hemerocallis Society, Signal Mountain, TN
Sort

The American Magnolia Society, Mrs. Virginia Mel-
nick, Rt. 5, Box 532, Cocord Road, Asheville, NC
28803

American Peony Society, Greta N. Kessenich, 250
Interlachen Rd., Hopkins, MN 55343

American Rhododendron Society, Mrs. Bernice
Lamb, 2232 N. E. 78th Ave., Portland, OR 97213

American Rock Garden Society, Milton S. Mulloy, 90
Pierpont Rd., Waterbury, CT 06705

Cymbidium Society Of America, Inc., Box 208, Whit-
tier, CA 90608

The Delphinium Society, Phillip H. Smith, 7540
Ridgeway Road, Minneapolis, MN 55426

National Chrysanthemum Society Inc., 394 Central
Ave., Mountainside, NJ 07092

National Fuchsia Society, 10934 E. Flory St., Whittier,
CA 90606

The North American Lily Society, Inc., Mrs. Betty
Cliford, Rt. 1, Box 395, Colby, WI 54421

American Iris Society, Carol Ramsey, Secretary, 6518
Beachy Avenue, Wichita, KA 67206

Cactus/Succulent Society of America, Inc., 2631
Fairgreen Avenue, Arcadia, CA 91006, Virginia Mar-
tin, President.

GARDEN CLUBS

Men’s Garden Club of America, 5360 Merie Hoy Rad.,
Des Moines, IO 50323

Men’s Garden Club of Webster Groves, William Macy,
205 Newport Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63119

Men’s Garden Club of Kirkwood, Lloyd Clay, 42
Thorncliff Lane, St. Louis, MO 63122

Men’s Garden Club of Ritenour, Raymond Winking,
2637 Terri Lee Court, St. Louis, MO 63114

Men’s Garden Club of Richmond Heights, Ralph A.
Yourtree, 7418 Arlington Dr., St. Louis, MO 63117

Men’s Garden Club of Florissant, C. W. Cherry, 75
Eldorado Dr., St. Louis, MO 63031

Men’s Garden Club of Parkway/Chesterfield, Hollis D.
Sisk, 329 Ridge Meadows Drive, St. Louis, MO 63017

Men’s Garden Club of South County, Edward C.
Dreas, 4866 Longtree Drive, St. Louis, MO 63128

National Council of State Garden Clubs, Inc., 4401
Magnolia Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110

MEMBERSHIPS — DECEMBER 1977

Mr./Mrs. A. Timon Primm, Ill
Mr./Mrs. Roland Quest
Mr./Mrs. Robert A. Ridgway
Miss Harriet J. Tatman
Mr./Mrs. Harold E. Thayer

INCREASE IN MEMBERSHIPS —
DECEMBER 1977

SPONSORING
Mrs. W. B. McMillan

CONTRIBUTING

Mr. James J. Albanese, Jr.

Mr. Edmund T. Allen

Mr./Mrs. V. R. Bohiman
Mr./Mrs. Eugene H. Buder
Mr./Mrs. John W. Close
Mr./Mrs. Clifford W. Murphy
Mr./Mrs. Steven J. Nissenbaum
Miss Isabelle R. Schwerdtmann
Mr./Mrs. Raymond T. Willsey

NEW MEMBERSHIPS
SUSTAINING
Dr. Frederick G. Meyer

CONTRIBUTING

Mr. Dean Barnett

Mr./Mrs. Jerome Brasch
Mr./Mrs. Jimmy A. Corbet
Mr./Mrs. Parker W. Fritschle
Dr./Mrs. M. W. Strickberger

HENRY SHAW ASSOCIATES

Mr./Mrs. Howard F. Baer
Mr./Mrs. Joseph H. Bascom
Mrs. Watson Blair

Mr./Mrs. Stanley F. Jackes
Mrs. John V. Janes

Mrs. Irene C. Jones

Dr./Mrs. H. Kendig

Mrs. John S. Lehmann
Mr./Mrs. James S. McDonnell, Jr.
Mrs. Florence T. Morris

Mr. Spencer T. Olin

Mr./Mrs. W. R. Orthwein, Jr.
Mrs. Howard E. Ridgway
Mr./Mrs. Frederic M. Robinson
Mrs. Gladney Ross

Mr. S. C. Sachs

Mr./Mrs. Daniel L. Schlafly
Mr./Mrs. Warren M. Shapleigh
Mr./Mrs. Sydney Shoenberg, Jr.
Mrs. Tom K. Smith, Sr.
Mr./Mrs. Tom K. Smith, Jr.
Mr./Mrs. C. C. Johnson Spink
Mrs. Hermann F. Spoehrer
Mr. Jack L. Turner

Mrs. Ben H. Wells

DIRECTOR’S ASSOCIATES

Mr./Mrs. Alexander M. Bakewell
Mr. Clarence C. Barksdale

Mr. E. G. Cherbonnier

Mr. Sam’! C. Davis

Mr./Mrs. August H. Hummert, Ill
Mr./Mrs. Eldridge Lovelace

Member of
The Arts and Education
Fund of Greater St.Louis
11

REGULAR

Mr./Mrs. Walter E. Abell
Mr./Mrs. Frank A. Absher
Miss Emily H. Baker
Mr./Mrs. J. W. Baker
Mr./Mrs. James Barczak
Mr./Mrs. George A. Barth
Dr./Mrs. Richard D. Bebermeyer
Mr./Mrs. George F. Bergfeld
Miss Ellen Bern

Mr./Mrs. Robert W. Bertram
Mr./Mrs. Paul J. Biedenharn
Maxine Blaine

Mr. Michael D. Breeding
Mrs. Marion Bryon

Mrs. Dorothy D. Buehrle
Mr./Mrs. Howard R. Buermann
Mr. Jimmy B. Callens
Mr./Mrs. Richard Casperson
Mr./Mrs. Walter T. Clark
Mrs. Lee Cole
Contemporary Productions
Mrs. Mary E. Cordes
Mr./Mrs. John Cort

Mr./Mrs. Tim Dasho
Mr./Mrs. Eugene Davenport
Mr. Larry E. Davis

Mrs. Daniel Davison

Mr. Carl D. Decker

Mr./Mrs. Thomas A. Dew
Mr./Mrs. F. Allen Diemler
Mr. Patrick Dougherty

Mrs. Helen C. Einig

Mr. Richard Ernst

Mr./Mrs. James G. Forsyth
Mrs. Ethel V. Foy

Mr./Mrs. John J. Gallagher
Mr./Mrs. J. M. Gambill
Mr./Mrs. Phil Garagnani
Mr./Mrs. Wm. D. George, Jr.
Bishop and Mrs. Robert Goodrich
Mr./Mrs. Joseph Graminette
Dr./Mrs. Michael Gutwein
Ms. Barbara Haas

Mr./Mrs. A. S. Hamphill

Mr. David Hanpeter

Mr./Mrs. Burton R. Harmon
Mr./Mrs. James F. Healy
Mr./Mrs. George S. Hecker
Mr./Mrs. James L. Hedlund
Mr. Wm. L. Held

Mr./Mrs. Fred Wm. Hoffert, III
Mr./Mrs. Charles C. Hoke
Bro. Edward J. Hotchkiss
Mr./Mrs. Eugene H. Hoy
Mr./Mrs. James W. Huck
Mrs. Edith Huff

Mr./Mrs. Alan P. Kastendieck
Ms. Ann P. Kastendieck
Mr./Mrs. Aron Katzman
Mr./Mrs. Lester Kendall
Mr./Mrs. David L. Kohfeld
Mr./Mrs. William R. Kraus
Mr./Mrs. George W. Lange, Sr.
Mr. James E. Lassuer
Mr./Mrs. Vernon Laux
Mr./Mrs. Charles L. Leven
Mr./Mrs. Hans F. Lindemans
Mr./Mrs. W. C. Link

Ms. Rebecca Lippold
Mr./Mrs. Walter C. Longolius
Mr./Mrs. J. Alan Lougeay

Jim and Diann Lutz

Miss Ann MacCarthy

Mrs. Pat Martin

Mr./Mrs. Mark Matulka

Mr. Frederick E. May

Mr./Mrs. Thos. H. McCrackin, Jr.
Mr./Mrs. James J. McGill
Mr./Mrs. Terrence C. McMahon
Mr./Mrs. Warren S. McSwain, Jr.
Mr./Mrs. Charles Mittler

Mrs. Milton A. Moravek, Sr.
Mr./Mrs. Dean Mordhorst
Mr./Mrs. D. E. Mueller

Mrs. Alice K. Murphy

Ms. Laura Nahm

Mr. James Nix

Mr./Mrs. Hugh O. Nourse
Mr./Mrs. Robert J. O'Donnell
Mrs. Edward A. Opp

Dr./Mrs. Frank H. Orlick

Mr. Eugene Pasetti

Mr. Kevin Martin

Mr./Mrs. Elvin Pauls

Mr./Mrs. Thomas H. Pearson
Mr./Mrs. E. J. Peltier

Mr./Mrs. Robert W. Petersburg
Mr./Mrs. Frank J. Purcell
Mr./Mrs. Carl C. Rasche
Mr./Mrs. A. C. Reaban
Mr./Mrs. Kevin Regan

Mrs. Joseph A. Ribaudo
Mr./Mrs. Frank J. Riegerix

Mr. Bertram W. Risch

Mrs. A. W. Roeger

Mr./Mrs. Wm. F. Rogers

Mrs. G. M. Rolwing

Mr./Mrs. Richard S. Rosenthal
Mr./Mrs. Charles L. Sackmann
Dr./Mrs. P. B. Salanga
Barbara Sapala

Mr./Mrs. George Sato

Miss Bette Sauerburger

Mr. Thomas F. Schlafly
Mr./Mrs. C. J. Schmid

Ms. Joyce Schowengerdt
Mr./Mrs. Joseph Schraut, Sr.
Mrs. Henry G. Sewing, Jr.
Mr. H. Kris Sewing

Mr./Mrs. Robert E. Shelton
Mr. Grover C. Sibley, Jr.
Mr./Mrs. Gary L. Stansbery
Mr./Mrs. Henry J. Stites
Mr./Mrs. Denis L. Stotler
Mr./Mrs. Lyndall D. Swinford
Mr./Mrs. Michael Toney
Mr./Mrs. J. M. Torretta
Mr./Mrs. Raymond Vivyan, Sr.
Mr./Mrs. Charles G. Vogt, Jr.
Mr./Mrs. John Waelliner
Mr./Mrs. Thomas Walker
Mr./Mrs. Dennis Warner
Mr./Mrs. Kimball Wells

Nike and Michelle Westbrook
Mr./Mrs. David White

Wies Drywall & Construction Corp.
Mr./Mrs. Merlin F. Willmann
Miss Mary T. Woods

Mrs. Erma Yanko

Mr./Mrs. Earl W. Yehling

Mr. Kenneth B. Yerkes

Mrs. Eunice L. Young
Mr./Mrs. F. W. Zelle

DECEMBER TRIBUTES

In Honor of Mr. and Mrs. George
Giessing’s Anniversary
Mr./Mrs. Carl F. Kottmeier

In Honor of Phil Kretchmar’s
Special Birthday
Michael and Lois Weigert

In Honor of Mrs. Carl Wegner
Forsythia Garden Club

In Memory of Miss Nina K. Bernd
Mrs. Harold E. Adams

Jack and Mary Dell Burrows
Julia M. Butler

Triebie Chapman

D. W. Hadley

Estell Landauer

Frances N. Lethen

Mrs. Charles H. Luecking
M. E. Nitzschmann

Lucile Pearson

Mrs. George W. Pieksen

Margaret Sobolewski
E. A. Talley
Elizabeth Waller
Augusta Willmering
Mrs. J. A. Woodson

In Memory of Katharine Hart Bryan
Loraine M. Heider

In Memory of Mr. R. Walston Chubb
Dr./Mrs. Arthur H. Stein

In Memory of Suzanne Gulick
Lorraine C. Bollwerk

Alice K. Wood

Mary A. Wood

In Memory of

Mrs. George K. Hasegawa
Audrey Marsh King
Mr./Mrs. Donald R. Metzger
Dr. Tad Oshiai
Mr./Mrs. Mineo Okamoto

In Memory of Christena D. Kraeft
Karen Davis

Mr./Mrs. Thomas Hunsaker

Jean Wheeler

In Memory of Mabel Kurtz
Cora and Bill Beggs
Pam and Chuck Johnston

In Memory of Nancy Saufnauer Mashek
Mr./Mrs. David Winston

In Memory of Emily Sharp McLatchie
Kathryn Sharp Comfort and Kay

In Memory of Robert C. Pohle
Mr./Mrs. Ronald L. Pohle

In Memory of Norman Schaumburg
Lisette E. Schaumburg

In Memory of
Mr. and Mrs. Harold W. Schaus’ son
Elizabeth B. Piper

In Memory of Mrs. Charles Russell
Mr./Mrs. Henry T. Schlapp

In Memory of Mr. Roy Schoening
Winifred K. Magdsick

In Memory of Mrs. Edward Spellerberg
Mrs. Joseph H. Harper

In Memory of Dr. Albert Stutsman
Dr. Richard J. Ferry
Mr./Mrs. George E. Leutwiler

In Memory of Mrs. Louis Vagnino
Forsythia Garden Club

In Memory of
Mr. William G. von Weise
Society of Manufacturing Engineers

In Memory of Everett Woods, Sr.
David H. Cohen

MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN BULLETIN
2345 Tower Grove Avenue
Saint Louis, Missouri 63110

SECOND CLASS
POSTAGE

PAID
AT ST. LOUIS, MO.

Missouri
Botanical

Garden
Bulletin

Garden Drive Passes Halfway Mark

The Garden’s $6 million capital improvement
fund drive, launched last August to support construc-
tion of a new Visitor Orientation/Education Center and
other Garden improvements, has exceeded the
half-way point in campaign pledges and contribu-
tions, it was announced by Robert R. Hermann, cam-
paign chairman.

“As of the middle of February,” Mr. Hermann
said, “we have received contributions and pledges
totalling $3.6 million — 60 per cent of our campaign
goal of $6 million. If this level of strong support con-
tinues, both from individuals and organizations in the
St. Louis area, we should reach our goal by the end of
the year.”

Major gifts pledged recently to the campaign in-

clude a $30,000 contribution from General Dynamics
Corp., a $30,000 contribution from Pet Inc. and a
$25,000 gift from the Mallinckrodt Fund, Inc.

“Because of this kind of support from individuals
and philanthropic organizations in the St. Louis area,”
Mr. Hermann said, “one segment of our campaign —
the Advance Gifts Committee — has acquired con-
tributions and pledges representing 86 per cent of its
goal.”

The campaign was launched last August to gen-
erate funds to be used for capital construction and
various outdoor improvements at the Garden. The
major component is the “Crystal Palace,” a building
to house the educational programs, visitor orientation
facilities, and a new and enlarged floral display hall.

ore ; (Continued on Page 2)

Upon completion of the
Garden's new Visitor
Orientation/Education Center,
the historic Main Gate
complex, left, will no longer
serve as the principal
entrance for the hundreds of
thousands of visitors who
come to the Garden each
year. The Main Gate,
however, will remain intact as
a significant and historic
element of the Garden
grounds.

Volume LXVI Number 3
March 1978

GARDEN DRIVE... (Continued from Page 1)

Other components include a building to house all
of the Garden's support services and expanded park-
ing accommodations.

The campaign is only the second capital drive in
the Garden’s history. It was conceived as the final
phase of a Master Plan, initiated in 1972, which has
resulted in a near doubling of all Garden activities.

During the past five years, the display houses
have been renovated and the collections enlarged.
The Anne L. Lehmann Rose Garden and the 14-acre
Japanese Garden have been created. The Shoen-
berg and the Shapleigh Fountains have been con-
Structed and a start has been made on refurbishing
and restoring the Garden’s architectural treasures.

In the same period, attendance has increased to
nearly 400,000 visitors annually, membership has
climbed from 2,000 to more than 9,000, and the
number taking part in the broad range of educational
programs has exceeded 40,000.

The new facility will permit an increase in pro-
grams offered to the public, both cooperative pro-
grams with the St. Louis Public Schools as well as
adult programs. Adjacent, lighted parking will make
possible expanded evening events and facilitate ex-
panded show schedules for the floral display area.

New Gate Prices
Effective March 1

To meet the rising costs of operation, the Garden
Board of Trustees has approved a general increase in
the Garden gate admission price schedule, effective
March 1. Under the new schedule the current adult
admission price of $1.50 will be raised to $2.00 and
the children’s rate of $.50 to $.75. In addition, the
children’s category covering six- to 12-year-olds will
be expanded to cover six- to 16-year-olds.

Gate receipts realized under the new pricing
schedule will also present the Garden with the oppor-
tunity to generate additional revenue from another
source. The National Endowment for the Humanities
(NEH) has stipulated that revenue increases resulting
from the new schedule may be used as matching
funds in connection with a potential $500,000
NEH-Garden grant.

The gate admission price increases are the first
at the Garden since 1976.

Education Courses

Spring classes are filling up, so please check
your brochures for the courses of your choice. A new
course will be offered in April which is designed to
introduce fundamental herbarium methods.

Renovation Completed at Tower Grove House

The renovated dining room of Tower Grove
House has been completed. Resplendent with new
wallpaper and an oriental rug, the room is restored to

. ks

its Victorian authenticity. Tower Grove House hours
are 10 a.m. to 4 p.m. daily; fee $1.00 adults, $.50
children; group rates available; members free.

1 Mrs. Jane Coultas,
manager of Tower
Grove House,
inside the home's
recently-renovated
dining room.

CAMELOT and ‘Conservation’

Many of the Bulletin’s readers may associate the
word “conservation” with the preservation of nature
and of endangered plants and animals. In library and
museum practice, however, “conservation” has
another specialized meaning: the maintenance, pre-
servation, and restoration of library materials and
museum artifacts.

For many years, the Garden's library has de-
voted a considerable amount of time and resources to
the conservation of the many treasures in its collec-
tions. This year, through a generous grant from the
Arts Development Committee of the Arts and Educa-
tion Council of Greater St. Louis, the staff of the lib-
rary’s bindery will be able to conduct preservation
work on several hundred volumes spanning the first
300 years of printing. Treatment of these volumes can
range from the simple cleaning of leather binding to a
full restoration of a deteriorated volume. In the latter
case it is frequently necessary to remove the existing
binding, repair torn pages and strengthen folds, clean
individual leaves and plates, resew the book, and re-
place the binding with one similar to the original in
materials, style, and techniques. Other materials are
being put in special pamphlet folders or storage
boxes to prevent further deterioration.

Because the library is such a rich storehouse of
scarce botanical literature, the support of the Arts &
Education CAMELOT fund in continuing our conser-
vation efforts is significant not only to researchers on
the Garden’s staff but throughout the entire interna-
tional botanical community.

‘Swing into Spring’

The Garden Gate Shop is bursting with new
merchandise purchased in January at the Atlantic
City Glass and China Show and the Gift Market in
New York. New lines purchased include handsome
enameled cookware, charming teapots for fun or
fancy parties, and new linens. By request of our many
customers, a new line of cards will be introduced for
those special holiday events. There is a new line of
jewelry in addition to the favorites that we carry. The
book collection includes a variety of new books for
spring.

New items also include pots, baskets, plates,
silver, brass and pewter. Colors are muted in the new
china line, which include soft salmon and jade green.
Spices, jams, jellies, British candies are also available
— the perfect gifts are all new in the Garden Gate
Shop.

Easter this year will be preceded by the Garden
Gate Shop’s annual open house on Wednesday,
March 8. Cocktails will be served after 5 p.m.

Come join our celebration of spring. If you are
interested in volunteering in the Shop, please call.
See you all on March 8!

Members’ Tour of
English Homes and Gardens

Join John Elsley, the Garden's curator of hardy
plants, for this delightful trip to London and the sur-
rounding English countryside. This will mark the third
such trip to England offered by the Garden.

The tour leaves St. Louis on Friday, May 19, arriv-
ing in London on May 20. The Tower Hotel will be
home for the next four days with visits to gardens in
Sussex and Berkshire, and a full day at the outstand-
ing Chelsea Flower Show. On May 24, we travel to
Dorset and stay at the Post House Hotel in Sher-
borne. Excursions will be made to Tintinhull House,
Montacute House, Stourhead, and Barrington Court,
which boast spectacular gardens of their own.

On May 27, we move on to Derbyshire where
accommodations will be at the Palace Hotel in Bux-
ton. Visits to Chatsworth House, Haddon Hall,
Hardwick Hall and the Derby China Museum are
planned from this point. On May 30, we leave for
Suffolk and the Angel Hotel at Bury St. Edmunds. In
this area, we will see Melbourne Hall, Blicking Hall,
Heveningham Hall, and Bressingham Gardens.

On June 2, we return to London. A special tour of
the Tower of London is planned, conducted by R.
Allen Brown, Professor of Medieval History at Kings
College. We return to St. Louis on June 4.

Full English Breakfast included throughout the
tour, all lunches but two, and 12 dinners. Schedules
Subject to variation.

Rates per person: $1975, double occupancy;

$2105, single accommodations.
Reservations limited. If you are interested and would
like a brochure, please contact the Members’ Office at
772-7600, ext. 25.

T. K. Smith, Jr.
Reelected
Board
President

Tom K. Smith, dr.

Tom K. Smith, Jr., who has headed the board for
the past three years, has been re-elected president of
the Garden board of trustees. Mr. Smith is senior
vice-president of the Monsanto Company.

Other officers re-elected at the board’s January
meeting are Robert R. Hermann, first vice-president;
Daniel L. Schlafly, second vice-president; and
Charles W. Orner, secretary. Mr. Hermann is presi-
dent of Standard Container Company. Mr. Schlafly is
president and board chairman of the Arkansas Be-
verage Company. Mr. Orner is Garden controller.

a

The Plant Shop presents Oxallis tricolor ‘Au-
reoreticulata’ as the March feature in the Wardian
Case. One of the more colorful of the 850 species in
the Oxalidaceae family, Oxallis tricolor provides the
grower with bright yellow and green foliage year
‘round. For those who can provide proper cultural
conditions, the plant will respond frequently with
small, pink, bell-like flowers.

Because the distribution of the more decorative
oxallis is widespread in the southern hemisphere, this
pot plant performs best in our winter season, benefit-
ing from the filtered sun and cooler temperatures. Ex-
treme heat spells sure death and higher temperatures
often induce a dormancy during which the plant dies
back and awaits more favorable environmental condi-
tions.

The soil should be kept moist at all times. Fer-
tilize monthly with any well balanced plant food. Addi-
tional plants can be obtained by division.

The Plant Shop, retailing daily from 10 a.m. to
4:30 p.m.

Garden Takes Part
In Rare Plant Study

The Garden and the Missouri Department of
Conservation will work jointly to compile an index of
all locations where plants considered to be rare or
endangered in the state have been collected by
botanists. There are currently 373 species on Mis-
souri’s list of rare and endangered plants, a list com-
piled by the Department of Conservation with advice
from botanists throughout the state.

This program is coordinated by the Conservation
Department's recently created Natural History Sec-
tion, headed by Mr. John Wiley.

The initial portion of the new study is centered
around a search of the Garden's herbarium and
seven other herbaria with major holdings of Missouri
plants. Each plant collection deposited in a herbarium
has a label with the name of the plant, the collector,
the date of collection, and sometimes additional in-
formation. In this study, a photograph is taken of each
collection label, and the information transferred later
to special forms. The final part of the project will be to
place all information into a computer data bank. This
will provide scientists with the most precise and up-
to-date information available on the past distribution
of these rare plants. In addition, the information will
become a guide for determining which areas might
still support wild populations of these plants.

Rick Daley, head of the Garden's Ecological
Services Department, and David Spellman, research
associate at the Garden, are the principal inves-
tigators for the study.

4

Oxallis tricolor ‘Aureoreticulata’.

Herbarium Data, 1977

The Garden herbarium, a valuable scientific re-
source and one of the most complete collections of
botanical specimens in the world, made more than
68,000 acquisitions and loaned more than 22,000
specimens to institutions and individuals during 1977,
according to statistics compiled by herbarium staff
members. What follows is a statistical summary of
herbarium activities for 1977, with similar figures for
1976 included for purposes of comparison.

Acquisitions 1977 1976
Staff collections

Originals 15,296 10,320

Duplicates, for exchange 49,300 31,290
Purchases

Originals 11,708 13,285

Duplicates, for exchange 11,192 12,998
Exchanges 29,024 33,785
Gifts 12,001 5,459
Total acquisitions for

addition to collection 68,029 62,849
Mountings
Specimens newly mounted 86,296 99,046
Specimens mounted when

received, stamped 3,511 4,309
Specimens newly inserted 89,807 103,355
Backlog (31 December) 15,099 20,582
Repairs
Specimens repaired 23,405 10,208
Specimens stamped 26,662 797
Total 50,067 11,005
Loans sent, total 22,609 18,517
to U.S. institutions 17,980 14,289
to foreign institutions 4,629 4,228
to students 8,739 8,876
to professionals 13,870 9,641
Visitors, total 148 179
from U.S. 133 158
from abroad 15 21

Joni
/ Duggins,
~ Artist

The Bulletin has taken on a new look since De-
cember. We hope that you have noticed and enjoyed
the whimsical drawings which have appeared these
past months within these pages. They were done by
a young woman on the staff who spreads a special
kind of magic over all who know her. Joni Duggins,
Special Events coordinator, plays many other roles as
well. She has been a butterfly for the Plant Shop's
spring sale and the man from outer space for the
education session, “The Green Machine Experi-
ence.”

Joni comes by her magical talents through her
education and experience. She has taught arts and
crafts at summer camps, and has been an art
teacher. Her career at the Garden began as a volun-
teer in the Plant Shop two years ago. She was later
hired part-time in Horticultural Services before be-
coming special events coordinator last summer.

In addition, Joni has done some excellent draw-
ings for Erna Eisendrath’s book, Missouri Wildflowers
of the St. Louis Area, which will be published by the
Garden in March.

Spring Flower Show

Get in the mood for spring by attending the Gar-
den’s annual Spring Flower Show March 18 through
April 16. New features will include Japanese, rose,
and patio gardens. Blossoms will cascade from hang-
ing baskets, and shrubs and trees bedecked with
blossoms will fill the Floral Display Hall. Tulips, daf-
fodils, hyacinths, cyclamen, begonias, primroses,
lilies, and geraniums all will add bright splashes of
color to the display. Come join our celebration of
spring. Hours: 10 a.m.-4:30 p.m. daily.

The Spring Flower Show is made possible in part
through the cooperation of the Missouri Arts Council.

Highlighted during the spring show will be an
exhibition of watercolors by the noted local artist,
James Godwin Scott, whose work has focused ex-
tensively on scenes of the Soulard area of St. Louis
and the Mississippi River. Mr. Scott, whose work can
be found in private and corporate collections in Mis-
souri and throughout the country, has studied with
such notables as Robert Brachman, Frank
Nuderscher and Jack Marriott.

1978 Members’
spring Lecture Series

People Using Plants is the theme of this series. Par-

ticipants will explore the various ways people use

plants in medicine, art, agriculture, sculpture, orna-
mental gardening, housekeeping, and the timetable
of nature. The schedule includes:

March 8 “Herb Uses and Abuses”; Dr. Walter
Lewis, Professor of Biology at
Washington University, relates the medic-
inal purpose of plants.

March 15 “Plants as a Springboard to Creativity’;
St. Louis watercolor artist, James Godwin
Scott, demonstrates how one artist
selects from nature in making a creative
statement.

March 22 “Food, Famine, and Fantasy”; Ken Peck,
Director of Education at the Garden,
gives us a look at agriculture and the
comparative energy levels required of
man to obtain and produce food. Includes
a special display of grains and spices.

March 29 “Gourdaculture” by Louan. A lecture/
demonstration on sculpture work using
gourds as the basic form. Includes a dis-
play of her unique artistic creations.

April 5 “20th Century English Gardens” by John
Elsley, Curator of Hardy Plants. This slide
presentation shows gardening as a visual
art form, clearly expressed by the careful
usage of plants.

April 12 “Housekeeping with Herbs” — Barbara
O'Brien; “How to Plan and Plant an Herb
Garden” — Madeline Stribling. Both
ladies are members of the Herb Society
and will conduct a panel discussion fol-

lowing their lectures.

April 19 “Surprises of the Seasons’ by Lee
Mason. An illustrated lecture depicts the
beauty and exquisite handiwork of nature
in plant life and animal life through the
seasons. All photographed in and around

St. Louis.

Spring Preview Party

The Spring Flower Show Preview Party will be
held from 5 to 7:30 p.m. on Friday, March 17 in the
Floral Display House. This special event for members
will be sponsored by Lily Pulitzer of St. Louis, Glad-
ders Barge Line, Inc., St. Louis Ship, Federal Barge
Lines, Inc. and National Marine Service, Inc. A high-
light of this show will be a special watercolor exhibit
on display, featuring Soulard and the Mississippi by
St. Louis artist, James Godwin Scott.

5

Gardening in St. Louis

Garden activities begin this month — the time to
plant early crops. Many people are considering raised
beds for growing vegetables and flowers. Raised
beds are productive and you will wish you had built
them sooner. Advantages are that the soil drains
faster and warms up more quickly. This results in
vegetables maturing earlier, weeding, watering and
harvesting is easier, water soaks in rather than run-
ning off, earthworms thrive in the moist environment,
yields of vegetables increase because the soil is
deeper, gardens look neater, soil compaction is
eliminated because you rarely step into the beds.

If your budget is tight, you can get by without
wooden frames as the Chinese have done for cen-
turies. Mix compost with sand and soil to build up
beds six inches higher than the surrounding area.
Beds without frames tend to erode where rainfall is
heavy and to be somewhat drier than is desired for
vegetables. Raised beds need not be expensive.
Frames can be built from used or rough lumber and
painted or dipped in copper napthenate, a wood pre-
servative that is not toxic to plants. Do not use creo-
sote or copper sulfate as these compounds can kill
plants. Frames should be six inches deep and not
more than four to five feet wide. This width allows the
gardener to work from both sides without stepping
into the bed and compacting the soil.

Wood Chips and Straw

One of the advantages of raised beds must be
experienced to be appreciated. Gardeners who have
clay soils know not to walk into the garden when the
soil is moist and sticky. With raised beds you can
scatter wood chips, sawdust or straw down the walk-
ways to keep down weeds and to make the garden
accessible at all times. You will find yourself starting
the garden earlier and working it later in the year. It
would be a mistake to fill frames with ordinary soil
because it tends to crust and shrink away from the
frames making thorough watering difficult. Mix sand,
soil and compost, or dump in two inches of soil and
dig in three inches of organic matter such as peat
moss or well rotted manure. You will need to anchor
the frames with stakes driven every four to six feet.
Drive them outside the frame or you will be forever
tangling with them when you spade the soil. Use gal-
vanized nails in construction.

Early vegetables should be planted immediately
to take advantage of the weather. Cabbage, cauli-
flower, brussels sprouts, spinach, onions, beets
Should be planted immediately and can then be har-
vested before late April. These plants, if planted later,
will take longer to mature. Framed beds are also an
ideal way to grow cut flowers for the home.

Foiling Insects
One method of preventing insect infestation is to
use aluminum foil. Prepare the garden for planting,

6

then place strips of aluminum foil over the area to be
planted. Sink the edges in the soil to keep it from
blowing away. Cut small slits and insert seeds into
moist soil. If you have problems with snails, slugs or
earwigs, scatter a small amount of bait under the foil.
The foil tends to discourage certain kinds of
disease-bearing bugs. The reflected light from the foil
drives them away instead of allowing them to suck
plant juices and inject disease organisms through the
wounds.

Cantaloupe, melon, cucumber and squash are
plants which benefit most from floral mulches be-
Cause they are susceptible to bug-carried wilt dis-
eases, especially when seedlings are young. Grow
more on less land.

One of the earmarks of a good gardener is the
ability to interplant small, fast-growing vegetables be-
tween rows of slower growing varieties. Where inten-
Sive gardening is practiced, there is little bare earth
visible and this can be accomplished in raised beds
as well. Suggested interplanting combinations are
radish with parsley, curly cress with beets, endive with
Peppers, and mustard greens with bush beans. The
fast growing vegetables are harvested, leaving space
for the larger plants of the later maturing vegetables
to develop. Wide, spreading crops, such as winter
Squash and pumpkins are often interplanted with
Sweet corn or popcorn. The close interplanting tends
to shade the ground, cutting down on weed growth
and helping to hold more moisture in the soil.

It is important in preparing the soil to add super-
phosphate. Add four to five pounds per thousand
Square feet, and three to four pounds of a balanced
fertilizer such as 5-10-5 or 6-12-12 just prior to plant-
ing, working both in well.

In early April my new book, The Garden
Answers, will be coming off the press. It answers
more than 1,600 questions based on gardening in the
St. Louis area over the last two years. There will be
more information in the next Bulletin.

Plant Problems

A number of plant problems, due to the severe
winter weather, will soon become evident. Similar to
last year, Magnolia grandiflora |eaves have turned
brown and many will shed their leaves. Few trees
were severely damaged last year as periodically this
plant, although evergreen, can shed its leaves, pro-
duce new leaves and flower during the summer
months. Blooms, however, are smaller than usual.
Present indications are that roses have frozen back
more severely. This was due in part to the wet fall,
which kept plants growing so that they did not harden
off as much as usual.

The prolonged snow period will have detrimental
effects on some plants, such as azaleas, since the
snow, although a good mulch, reflects the light, warm-

ing the part of the plant that is above the snow line,
causing some killing. Gardeners are advised to wait
until plants start to show new growth and then prune
back to good wood. Don’t remove the plants too early
because plants can recover and make good growth
during the spring and summer months, as experi-
enced last year. Also, due to the heavy snow and ice,
heavy use of salt along walks may require careful
leaching by hosing water continuously over the area
to prevent root damage.

Pruning of roses and removal of mulch should
not be done until after the first of April. It is better to
wait until all signs of cold weather are past and then
gradually remove the mulch over a period of a week
to 10 days. Then prune back the required amount,
according to variety and the amount of damage. If
pruning is completed by mid-April, roses will flower
about the third week in May — normal for the season.
By late April, most trees and shrubs should be leafing
out and at that time one can begin the pruning to
remove winter damage. It may be necessary in some
plants to cut some wood that has not been damaged
to balance the shape of the plant. Also, the severe
winter again points out the need to apply good mulch
as soon as possible around these plants and to make
certain that by fall there is a mulch of six to eight
inches deep around the base to prevent severe dam-
age to the root system. Avoid overfertilization of
plants which have been damaged. When plants are
making good growth, if desired, a light application of
balanced fertilizer such as 5-10-5 or 6-12-12 depend-
ing on the plants being fertilized can be applied.

—Robert J. Dingwall
Chief Horticulturist

Mark Your Calendar

Feb. 4-Mar. 12 Orchid Show continues—
Climatron

Mar. 4-5 Spring Garden Workshop—
Floral Display House

Mar. 11-Apr. 2 “Plants of the Bible” —

Mediterranean House

Mar. 18/Apr. 16 “Prickly Pears of Desert Lands”

— Desert House

Mar. 18-Apr. 16 Spring Flower Show — Floral

Display House

The MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN BULLETIN is published
12 issues per year monthly by the Missouri Botanical Garden,
2345 Tower Grove Avenue, St. Louis, Mo.63110. Second class
postage paid at St. Louis, Mo. $5.00 per year. $6.00 foreign

Julius Boehmer, Jr.

With the death of Julius Boehmer in January, the
Garden's herbarium lost a longtime, devoted volun-
teer. Mr. Boehmer had devoted many hours of time to
the Garden’s herbarium over a period of nearly 10
years.

He was a graduate of the Washington University
School of Engineering and worked for Rice Stix
Wholesale Dry Goods and then as engineer for St.
Louis Water Division. A man of many talents, he en-
joyed identifying trees and photography as hobbies.
His talent with tools and wood led to many projects for
the herbarium including construction of carts and
stools. He will be missed by his many friends at the
Garden.

Marguerita M. Jester,
Restoration Consultant

Marguerita M. Jester, nationally Known restora-
tion expert, died in January following a lengthy illness.
Her work in restoring Tower Grove House will long
stand as a tribute to her knowledge and painstaking
attention to detail.

Margo had served as a consultant for the Tower
Grove House restoration since 1953. This house is
considered one of the finest restorations in the area.
Another such is Hanley House in Clayton, in which
Margo was involved as well.

Margo, with her husband Roland, specialized in
American antiques, English pottery and porcelain.
They refused to be associated with any restoration
that was not correct. Many such across the country
serve as evidence of their expertise. She will be
missed by her many Garden friends.

MEMBERSHIPS—JANUARY 1978
HENRY SHAW ASSOCIATES

Mr./Mrs. Howard F. Baer
Mr. Clarence C. Barksdale
Mr./Mrs. Joseph H. Bascom
Mrs. Watson Blair

Mr./Mrs. Guy W. Fiske, Jr.
Mr./Mrs. Stanley F. Jackes
Mrs. John V. Janes

Mrs. Irene C. Jones
Dr./Mrs. H. Kendig

Mrs. John S. Lehmann

Mr./Mrs. James S. McDonnell, Jr.
Mrs. Florence T. Morris

Mr. Spencer T. Olin

Mr./Mrs. W. R. Orthwein, Jr.
Mrs. Howard E. Ridgway
Mr./Mrs. Frederic M. Robinson
Mrs. Gladney Ross

Mr. S. C. Sachs

Mr./Mrs. Daniel L. Schlafly
Mr./Mrs. Warren M. Shapleigh
Mr./Mrs. Sydney Shoenberg, Jr.

Member of
The Arts and Education
Fund of Greater St.Louis

Mrs. Tom K. Smith, Sr.
Mr./Mrs. Tom K. Smith, Jr.
Mr./Mrs. C. C. Johnson Spink
Mrs. Herman F. Spoehrer

Mr. Jack L. Turner

Mrs. Ben H. Wells

DIRECTOR'S ASSOCIATES

Mr./Mrs. Alexander M. Bakewell
Mr. E. G. Cherbonnier

Mr. Sam’! C. Davis

Mr./Mrs. Eldridge Lovelace
Mr./Mrs. A. Timon Primm, III
Mr./Mrs. Roland Quest

Mr./Mrs. Robert A. Ridgway
Miss Harriet J. Tatman

Mr./Mrs. Harold E. Thayer

INCREASE IN MEMBERSHIPS —
JANUARY 1978

SPONSORING
Mr./Mrs. Morris M. Horwitz
SUSTAINING

Miss Selma F. Boehmes

Ms. Mary L. Kerwin

Mr./Mrs. Cornelius F. P. Stueck
Mr./Mrs. Walter G. Stern

CONTRIBUTING

Mr. H. Apprill

Mr./Mrs. Zane E. Barnes
Mrs. James D. Cherry
Mr./Mrs. Ernest A. Eddy, Jr.
Mr./Mrs. Charles W. Hill, Jr.
Mr./Mrs. Milton H. Johnson
Mr./Mrs. Eugen Knockstedt
Mr./Mrs. Richard B. Kobusch
Mr./Mrs. Walter Lange

Miss Emily Novak
Mr./Mrs. C. W. Oertli
Mr./Mrs. Paul B. Otten

NEW MEMBERSHIPS
JANUARY 1978

SPONSORING

Mr. Mike Holley
SUSTAINING

Mr./Mrs. Glen L. DeHart
CONTRIBUTING

Mr. Robert F. Brown
Mr. R. G. Hansen/Chas. S. Lewis & Co.
Mr. G. Allen Penniman, Jr.

REGULAR

Mr./Mrs. Paul Adams
Mr./Mrs. Samuel Aftergut
Mr./Mrs. A. L. Aydt

Miss Anne Baker

Dr. R. K. Baker

Mrs. Philip W. Bernstorf
Mr./Mrs. Ray Blaskow
Mr./Mrs. Erwin E. Bloss
Ms. Diane Bohnert
Mr./Mrs. Robert W. Boyd Sr.
Mr./Mrs. James W. Brazee
Mr./Mrs. John E. Brazee
Mr./Mrs. James H. Brock
Mrs. Richard Brooks

Miss Sandy Brooks
Mr./Mrs. Steven M. Brown
Mr./Mrs. Eric Brunngraber
Mr./Mrs. Raymond Bunse
Mr./Mrs. Stephen Callahan
Ms. Carolyn S. Christman
Miss Clara Clark

Ms. Mildred L. Connors
Mr./Mrs. J. R. Dalton
Dr./Mrs. Arnold Dankner
Miss Therese Dawson
Mr./Mrs. David G. Dempsey
Mr./Mrs. Paul A. Dewald
Mr./Mrs. Randy Dillon
Doreen Dodson Family
Ms. Mary J. Dowling

Mrs. Lewis D. Dozier, Jr.
Ms. Catherine Dremann
Mrs. George Drexler
Mr./Mrs. Norman Drey, Jr.
Mr./Mrs. Albert F. Edmondson
Mr./Mrs. Robert Elsperman
Mr. Dale Emerson

Mr. S. M. Fritz

Mr./Mrs. Harry C. Gibbs
Mr./Mrs. Matthew Green
Mr./Mrs. Ken W. Hammel
Mr. Robert E. Handlins
Ms. Melainie Harvey

Mr. Alfred O. Heitzmann
Mr./Mrs. Irving M. Heritage
Ms. Joan Hewitt

Ms. A. K. Higgins

Mr./Mrs. Harold B. Hinchman
Ms. Doris Hollis

Miss Jane F. Hoormann
Mr./Mrs. Tom Houseworth
Ms. Madelaine Jocot
Henry A. Jubel and Family
Mr./Mrs. William B. Kelley
Ms. Susan M. Krebs
Mr./Mrs. Marvin D. Kreiling
Ms. Eunice L. Kuehnert
Mr. Chris Kuhn

Mr./Mrs. T. M. Mabon

Ms. Mary K. Marschner
Mrs. Beverly Martorano
Mr./Mrs. Robert M. Mayer
Mr./Mrs. A. Eugene McReynolds, Jr.
Mr./Mrs. John J. Meyer

Ms. Linda K. Meyer

Miss June Milligan

Mr./Mrs. Marshall Mitchell
Ms. Linda Mittelstadt

Mr. P. L. Monisseir

Mr./Mrs. Tom Moore

Miss Alice P Moskop

Mr. Andrew Muller

Mr./Mrs. Louis Myers
Mr./Mrs. O. J. Myers
Mr./Mrs. A. D. Ng

Mr. George E. Niedt

Mr. James E. Norris
Mr./Mrs. Lloyd W. Nystrom
Ms. Carmen L. Pagel

Ms. Sheryl Palan

Mrs. Charlene Piper

Miss Julia A. Piper

Mr./Mrs. A. M. Plourde
Mr./Mrs. John C. Purcell
Ms. Cathy Rapp

Rev./Mrs. Henry A. Rehwaldt
River Oaks Garden Club
Mr./Mrs. Robert J. Rotramel
Mrs. Mabel Rottach
Mr./Mrs. Vern H. Schneider
Ms. Charlotte Schwarzenberger
Dr./Mrs. John F. Schweiss
Mr./Mrs. Warren Seitz

Mrs. M. Shoults

Mr./Mrs. Robert M. Simpson
Mr./Mrs. Milton R. Skinner, Jr.
Mrs. Betty J. Stark

Mr./Mrs. Herman Theurer
Ms. Gladys/Marcella Thum
Mr./Mrs. Mark A. Tolton

Mr. Carl Trauernicht, Jr.

Ms. Louis E. Ursch

Mr./Mrs. Robert G. Watel
Mr. David Wells

Mr./Mrs. Albert Weltman

Dr. Dieter H. Wurr

Mr./Mrs. Robert R. Zahnweh

JANUARY TRIBUTES

In Honor of Mr. and Mrs. Joseph Glik’s
25th Anniversary
Mr./Mrs. E. C. Littmann

In Memory of Mr. Victor Ardis, Sr.
Elaine/John Henkle

In Memory of Mrs. Mildred Boicourt
Anna Mae Wiedemann

In Memory of Mr. John T. Brooks
Mrs. John Stodieck, Jr.

In Memory of Mrs. John D. Falvey
Mrs. R. H. Brock

In Memory of Mrs. C. R. Gildehaus
Mr./Mrs. A. F. Boettcher, Jr.

In Memory of Jessie R. Harnden
Dorothy/Mary Britton

In Memory of Albert H. Huntington
Mrs. Milton H. Just

In Memory of Christina Danuley Kraeft
Betty Dannley

David Hinnis's Family

Ray Oberkramer's Family

David Pittengar’s Family

John Witt's Family

In Memory of Raymond E. Lange
Mrs. Raymond E. Lange and Family

In Memory of Stephen Lysell
Mr./Mrs. Alden R. Bond

In Memory of Sam B. May
Mr./Mrs. J. R. Middleton

In Memory of Mrs. Helen K. Mellow
Edwin R. Waldemer

In Memory of Jessie S. Russell
Betty/Roblee McCarthy

In Memory of Florence J. Shinkle
Mr./Mrs. Charles F. Limberg

In Memory of Mr. William Smith
Melba E. Aufderheide

In Memory of Mr. Kurt Sorrells
Morris Hills

In Memory of Hyman Stein
Marilyn/Art Boettcher

In Memory of Mrs. Delphia Ulbrich
Patricia A. McCormick

In Memory of Mrs. L. S. Vagnino
Clayton Garden Club #2

In Memory of Mrs. Thomas W. White
Mr./Mrs. Joseph W. Lewis
Mrs. Nancy Primm

MISSOURI BOTANICAL
2345 Tower Grove Avenu

GARDEN BULLETIN
e

Saint Louis, Missouri 63110

SECOND CLASS
POSTAGE

PAID
AT ST. LOUIS, MO.

Missouri
Botanical

Garden
Bulletin

I The FLORA of MISSOURI

Yous boliown Fanbu
Wd Vandel Audaic Gs.

i (02% Ote/7 1934

ver An BR. Ste yermae Col€ctow
=—_

Latin: The Living Language of Botany

Two ladies were waiting within the main entrance
to the Climatron when one espied a woman ap-
proaching the last of the outdoor lily pools, heading in
the direction of the Climatron steps. “My goodness,”
the first one said, “that’s the lady on Sherwood in
Webster Groves whose husband works at Mon-
santo.” The other added, “She sure looks like one of
the Elbert clan!” And the first rejoined, “Of course, it’s
Mary Elbert.”

The three ladies were soon greeting each other
like long lost friends. As they strolled through the
Climatron, one remarked, “Look at the strange roots
hanging down from this tree. The tag on the tree says
it is Ficus benghalensis, the strangler fig. Why those
awful names in Latin, anyway? Strangler fig suits me
fine.”

During their walk, they noted that virtually all of
the living plants bore tags with two Latin names, e.g.
Coffea arabica for the coffee shrub; Carica papaya
for the towering papaya. Later the ladies were given a
tour of the herbarium of the John S. Lehmann Build-
ing, where they had the opportunity to inspect a few of
the two and one-half million sheets of dried plants
deposited in modern compactors. Each sheet had a
label with two Latin names. They were told that were
they to visit the herbaria of Kew or Moscow they
would find that the same system of using two names
is used.

When the first lady in our little drama was trying
to recall her friend’s name, she resorted to a brief but
several-worded description, a habit in which we all
indulge when conversing. When they hit upon the
actual name of their friend, they experienced a kind of
satisfaction in being more precise. They not only
pin-pointed her as a specific individual, Mary, but
categorized her as a member of the Elbert clan.

This is, in some senses, “the name of the game”

Dr. John Dwyer and Cinchona pubescens.

in naming the more than one million kinds of plants
that cover the land and inhabit the oceans and lakes
(the same system applies to animals, too). Each
species is given two Latin names, the genus name
followed by the species name. Ficus tells us that the
species is a fig; benghalensis, the second, which
precise fig it is. Thus all true species of fig belong to
the genus Ficus. A fig, then, isn't a fig unless it's a
Ficus. There are more than 800 species in the genus
Ficus. As for Coffea, the several species of coffee

come under the umbrella of this one genus.
Carl Linnaeus, a Swedish physician of the 18th
Century and a veritable genius in naming plants,
(Continued on Page 3)

Volume LXVI Number 4
April 1978

52/97

Legislative Report:
The Garden's Future

<—w
F

Rep. Russell Egan

me

Sen. John E. Scott

Legislation has been introduced in both the
House and Senate of the Missouri legislature to ena-
ble the Garden to enter into the Zoo-Museum District.
Such legislation, if passed, would provide the Garden
with direct tax support for operating expenses. A new
Botanical Garden Subdistrict would be created within
the existing Zoo-Museum District and would provide a
tax rate of four cents per $100 of assessed valuation.
Should this enabling legislation pass, a combined
majority of both city and county voters would be
necessary for passage in an election. With increased
operating costs, demands for expansion of programs,
and inflation, additional outside support will continue
to be necessary for the Garden.

It would be the fall of 1979 before such an elec-
tion probably could be held.

The legislation was introduced in the House by
Representative Russell Egan of the 85th District, in
which the Garden falls. A native St. Louisan, he was
elected in 1976. He has been a fire fighter and cap-
tain, head bookkeeper for a circuit clerk, vice presi-
dent of the St. Louis Labor Council and member of
the Land Clearing Authority.

At the same time, Senator John E. Scott of the
Third District, which also includes the Garden, intro-
duced the legislation in the Senate. He is in real es-
tate construction, is an insurance broker and ap-
praiser. Senator Scott was the recipient of The
Globe-Democrat award for meritorious service during
the 77th General Assembly.

Kenneth Rothman, Speaker of the House, who
has long had an interest in the Garden and other
cultural institutions, cosigned the House legislation.

The Garden operates consistently on a balanced
budget. As the years go by, the gap between endow-
ment income, other revenues and actual operating
expenses grows with our inflationary economy. In
order to keep the budget balanced it would be neces-
sary to cut back programs unless additional outside
help were found. In order to secure the future growth
and development of the institution, direct tax support
may eventually become a necessary component of
our income.

We appreciate the support of our representative
and senator in this important legislation.

2

Wildflower Guide

Missouri Wildflowers of the St. Louis Area, by
Erna Eisendrath, will be published by the Missouri
Botanical Garden early in April. The book, of over four
hundred pages with black and white drawings, is writ-
ten and designed as a field guide. Though targeted
for the St. Louis area, the book will be a useful field
guide throughout Missouri and neighboring states.

Mrs. Eisendrath, who teaches at Washington
University, will be at the Garden to personally auto-
graph her books in the Floral Display House from 2 to 4
p.m., Sunday, April 16. Books are also available by
mail. Address orders to the Department of Publica-
tions, 2345 Tower Grove Ave., St. Louis, Mo. 63110.

Retail price for the book is $7.95, with a 10 per-
cent discount for Garden members.

TGH Auxiliary
schedules One-Day Trip

The Tower Grove House Auxiliary has scheduled
a special one-day trip to New Harmony, Indiana, a
National Historic Landmark with world recognition.

A chartered bus with air conditioning and rest
room facilities will depart at 8 a.m., Saturday, April 29,
returning that evening about 6 p.m. Luncheon has
been arranged at the Red Geranium, famous for
good food, especially spinach salad and Shaker
lemon pie. There will be time to see the restored
community, the Labyrinth, the Roofless Church, the
fine bookstore and many shops.

Price per person is $28, which includes bus fare,
tickets to restored area, luncheon and a $7 tax deduc-
tible contribution to the Tower Grove House Auxiliary.
Space is limited. Make reservations by calling Mrs.
Coultas at 773-9000.

Pitzman Nature Program

Registration forms for the 1978 Pitzman Nature
Program will be available by the week of April 24,
although names and addresses will be put on the
mailing list before this date. Persons interested in reg-
gistering their children may call the Education De-
partment between 8:30 a.m. and 5:00 p.m. weekdays
to request these forms, which contain dates, fees and
program contents.

Programs will be held both at the Garden and at
the Shaw Arboretum. There will once again be pro-
grams for parents and children as well as for children
only. Bus transportation to the Arboretum will be
available as in the past. This will be the 21st Pitzman
Program, which is partially funded by a grant from the
Pitzman Charitable Trust.

The MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN BULLETIN is published
12 issues per year monthly by the Missouri Botanical Garden,
2345 Tower Grove Avenue, St. Louis, Mo.63110. Second class
postage paid at St. Louis, Mo. $5.00 per year. $6.00 foreign

LATIN: THE LANGUAGE OF BOTANY

(Continued from Page 1)

popularized this two-name system for designating
species of plants and animals. It brought precision
into a science suffering greatly from verbose descrip-
tions that created a taxonomic labyrinth guarded by
the Minotaur of tradition. Linnaeus, like Theseus,
slew the beast!

We can hear one of the trio of ladies saying, “|
still like the common name ‘violet’; ‘rose’ sounds bet-
aot to me than ‘rosa’.” If the walls of the Climatron
could whisper, they would point out that there are at
least 50 common names for the violet, like “pansy,”
“johnny at the front gate,” etc. Thus the violet is buf-
feted about in a maelstrom of competitive vernacular
names. The turbulence is more apparent when one
realizes that the African violet is not a member of the
violet family (Violaceae) at all! It is as far removed
family-wise in the plant kingdom as a Hottentot is
geographically from a Hoosier. Consider the fact that
the “bog violet” is a Pinguicula; dame’s violet is a
Hesperis; dog's tooth violet, an Erythronium; the “wa-
ter violet” is a Hottonia; all belong to families other
than Violaceae. When the name Wola is used,
taxonomists (and let’s include the many sophisticated
amateurs) understand immediately that we are not
talking about African violets, bog violets, etc., but
about the little purple-flowered harbinger of spring
dotting our lawns.

One of our ladies still objects. “| don’t care a
Ficus; | like ‘fig! These taxonomists are always plagu-
ing us with jawbreaking names like Warszewiczia
coccinea and Bougainvillea glabra.” “Come now,
Marge,” her friend replied. “Your husband is an MD
and he uses terms like ‘diabetes mellitus’ and ‘ery-
throblastosis fetalis’ when he’s talking to his peers.
The same goes for lawyers with their ‘corpus delicti’
or ‘noli contendere.’”

Botanical Latin is as old as the inhabited hills of
Rome! The names Quercus (oak) and U/mus (elm)
were bandied about in the Roman Forum as house-
hold words. Most generic names, however, were
coined in the 18th and 19th centuries when
taxonomists were in a frenzy to add novelties to sci-
ence. The name Victoria assigned to the water-lily in
the center pool of the Garden, the one with the gigan-
tic platter-like leaves, commemorates Queen Victoria.
Some generic names are not really Latin etymologi-
cally, e.g. Hickoria (hickory) is an American Indian
name that was latinized. Occasionally we find a name
which is an anagram, e.g. Thismia, an anagram of
Smithia. Often generic names are fashioned from two
Latin words, e.g. the genus Nasturtium from nasus
(L., nose) and torqueo (L., | twist) referring to the
unattractive odor of the flowers. Names like Asc/epias
(milkweed genus) are drawn from mythology, refer-
ring here to the Greek god of medicine.

As for the second name, the species name, the

taxonomist has a dictionary full of possibilities as
usually Latin adjectives are used. Adjectives indicat-
ing place are commonly used, e.g. americana as
applied to Ulmus americana (American elm); rubra
(L. ruber = red) in Acer rubra (Red Maple) refers to
the redness of the leaves in autumn; somniferum (L.
somnus = sleep; fero = | carry) in Papaver som-
niferum (opium poppy) refers to the narcotic prop-
erties of the plant; tuberosa (L., tuberous) in Solanum
tuberosum (white potato) refers to the edible stem;
sativa (L. sativus = Cultivated) in Cannabis sativa
(marijuana) has an obvious connotation.

When a species new to science is described, a
Latin diagnosis, so the International Rules of Botani-
cal Nomenclature dictate, must be included in the
description of the plant. This represents a chore for
many systematists considering the recent decline in
the teaching of classical languages. The taxonomists
usually provide elaborate descriptions of the plant in
their native tongue and satisfy the international rules
by appending a much abbreviated Latin description.
Many of them get their knowledge from a relatively
recent text, Botanical Latin, by the 20th Century
Erasmus of botanical Latin, William T. Stearn of the
British Museum. Specialists in systematics must have
a working knowledge of Latin. The writer appreciates
the presence of a Latin description when he picks up
the Flora of Taiwan in which the long description of a
new species is in Chinese. Thus the universality of
botanical Latin breaks down all international bound-
aries.

Systematics can have its humorous side, too.
Linnaeus, with tongue in cheek, named the genus
Sigesbeckia in honor of Johannes Siegesbeck, a
contemporary botanist in Sweden whom he disliked.
It happens that the species of the genus would rate
high among the disagreeable weeds of the world. The
same Linnaeus paid homage to a Swedish botanist of
his day, Johannes Browals (later to become Bishop of
Abo, Finland) in naming a genus in his honor, Browal-
lia, the type species of which is Browallia americana,
an attractive herb. Later, when the two had a dis-
agreement, Linnaeus described two additional
species Browallia alienata and B. demissa. The Latin
adjective alienata suggests the parting of the ways
and the past participle, demissa means “to have
been lowered.”

Latin is an eternal language that emanated from
the Eternal City. The very species named by
taxonomists over the centuries enjoy a kind of eternity
in the scientific literature of the world. It is strange, in
light of this, that living species, the products of an
eternity of evolution, and blessed with an eternal
name, can be wiped from the face of the earth forever
by a stroke of man’s wantonness. It seems an insult
to nature that man can destroy the species of plants
and animals he holds in trust but cannot destroy the
names they bear! Sic gloria transit!

— John D. Dwyer
3

Garden Benefit
Raises $17,000

The Japanese Garden Benefit, held Sunday,
February 26, at Community Federal Center, the new
headquarters building of Community Federal Savings
and Loan Association, was a huge success. The
event was co-chaired by Jane and Whitney Harris
with the help and support of a large committee. The
affair was sponsored by Community Federal Savings
and Loan Association and the Japan America Society
of St. Louis.

The Garden expresses its sincere appreciation
to Community Federal for its generous support and
hospitality.

Distinguished guests attending the benefit were
introduced by Bob Chase, master of ceremonies, and
included Mr. Carl L. A. Beckers, Honorable Japanese
Consul General from St. Louis; and Honorable
Kiyoshi Sumiya, Japanese Consul General for
Chicago. Tom K. Smith, Jr., chairman of the Garden's
Board of Trustees, spoke briefly and introduced
Koichi Kawana, designer of the Japanese Garden,
who came from Los Angeles for the event.

Entertainment included the Sakura dancers and
music by Japanese members of the Saint Louis
Symphony Orchestra, coordinated by Max
Rabinovitsj, director of the Saint Louis Conservatory
of Music. Etsuko Tazaki, concert pianist and guest
soloist with the Saint Louis Symphony Orchestra, was
introduced by Mr. Rabinovitsj.

The benefit raised more than $17,000 for the
Japanese Garden, to be applied to the stone water
basin and the surrounding area in the entrance gar-
den of the Japanese Garden.

The hard-working Harrises and their committee
are to be commended for the success of the benefit
and evening. We offer our thanks to the many friends
who continue to support the Garden by participating
in these special events.

}

Jane Harris, co-chairman, receives floral bouquet of sprays
and single orchids during the Japanese Garden Benefit. Also in
attendance were, from left, Tom K. Smith, Jr., president of the
Garden Board of Trustees; Whitney Harris, Benefit co-chairman; and
Dr. Peter H. Raven, Garden director.

4

New Building Designed
With Education in Mind

The planning phases for the education wing of
the new “Crystal Palace” have involved St. Louis
area teachers, administrators and curriculum
specialists in order to make every effort to respond to
the needs of St. Louis area schools. This new facility
will enable the Garden to expand its programs to
meet definite area educational needs. Not only will
the six classrooms allow for more Garden programs,
but a special teacher resource center will enable
teachers to assemble programs to take back to class-
rooms as well. There will be ample work area for
assembling slide programs, film strips, models and
text materials.

The programs for children will concentrate on
more experimental programs in which the children will
be actively involved.

Some classrooms will be devoted specifically for
adult programs and will permit an expansion of exist-
ing programs. A small adjacent greenhouse will pro-
vide support material for classes. In the plans as well
are exterior coldframes to teach and demonstrate
all-weather gardening.

In addition, there will be offices, conference
room, lounge for guides and expanded workshop
areas.

The “Crystal Palace” is the major component of
the Garden's $6 million development campaign, cur-
rently underway.

Japanese Festival
to be Held May 14

Mother's Day, May 14, will be Japanese Festival
Day at the Garden. Japanese culture will be cele-
brated in a series of public events, to include music,
dance, exhibitions of Samurai swords, horticultural
exhibits, art, and traditional Japanese food.

More than 12,000 people attended the Japanese
Festival held at the Garden last May in conjunction
with the dedication of the new Japanese Garden. This
year promises to be as colorful, with the return of the
exciting Taiko Drummers from the San Francisco
Taiko Dojo, led by Mr. Seiichi Tanaka.

Admission to the Garden for this event will be $1
for Members, children free; $3 for adult non-
members, and $1 for non-members’ children (6-16).

‘Natural’ programs

The Missouri natural areas program sponsored
by the Arboretum will take place May 6 and 7. This
year the educational trip features the St. Francois
mountain area with visits to Silver Mines, Taum Sauk,
and Sam A. Baker State Park. For reservations
and further information, please call Joni Duggins,
772-7600.

Tram System

The Garden's new transportation tram, in action at the Climatron.

A new transportation system will be introduced at
the Garden early in April, as the first of its kind in the
area. Particularly appropriate to an ecologically con-
scious institution such as the Garden, the new tram
system is exhaust free, quiet since powered by elec-
tric motors, and safe because of low speeds, fiberglas
bodies, hydraulic brakes and power steering. A
total of 14 passengers can travel in the open,
canopied vehicles. Enclosures and heat will be pro-
vided in colder weather. All three of the vehicles will
be equipped with sound systems.

Siderasis fuscata is the plant feature of the
month in the Plant Shop. A member of the Com-
melinaceae family and the only species of the genus
Siderasis, S. fuscata is native to Brazil. Characterized
by low, rosetted leaves covered with dense rust col-
ored hairs, purplish-red beneath and streaked with
silver, S. fuscata presents the appearance of belong-
ing to the Gesneriad family but is instead akin to an
extensive line of easily grown, productive house-
plants — Rhoeo, Zebrina, Gibasis, Cyanotis,
Dichorisandra. Two inch, three petaled, lavender
flowers are produced sporadically during the summer
months.

Siderasis fuscata’s ability to withstand all ad-
verse environmental extremes — low light, heat,
drought, low humidity — makes it an ideal plant for
interior decoration. When given moist soils (allow to
dry between waterings), high light or filtered sun and
temperatures above 60 degrees, this plant grows and
multiplies quickly. Fertilizer is seldom necessary.
Propagation is best done by division.

The Plant Shop: retailing daily from 10 a.m. to
4:30 p.m.

Picnic Day is June 10

A picnic supper will be held at the Garden from
5-8 p.m. on Saturday, June 10. There will be enter-
tainment throughout the Garden, and members will
enjoy a unique opportunity to picnic “after hours”
throughout the Garden grounds. Tickets are $30 per
couple (adults only please). Proceeds will benefit the
new transportation system within the Garden.

Flower Sunda
Set for April 2

“Flower Sunday,” the annual religious service at
Christ Church Cathedral established at the bequest of
Henry Shaw, has been scheduled this year for Sun-
day, April 23. Rabbi Alvan D. Rubin of Temple Israel
will deliver the sermon, while Dean Michael Allen will
perform the service. Members of the attending con-
gregation will receive clippings of olive or bay from
the Garden’s Mediterranean House.

Since 1890, one Sunday each year has been
selected as “Flower Sunday,” according to the wishes
stated in Mr. Shaw’s will that a sermon be given “on
the wisdom and goodness of God as shown in the
growth of flowers, fruits and other products of the
vegetable kingdom.”

This year’s service will integrate the elements of
the Episcopalian service with the Jewish religion.

sue
| ; Flowers
“GaP Named
j to

So Gard
Ma an se

Susan Y. Flowers, a Joplin, Mo., native and a

‘five-year employee of the Missouri Division of

Tourism, has been named manager of public relations
for the Garden, it was announced by Dr. Peter H.
Raven, Garden director.

Ms. Flowers, who attended Missouri Southern
State College in Joplin, joined the state tourism divi-
sion in 1973 as assistant supervisor of the Missouri
Tourist Information Center in Joplin. For the past three
years, she has developed the Tourist Information
Center program in St. Louis and served as the Cen-
ter’s supervisor.

As manager of public relations, Ms. Flowers will
be responsible for coordinating and carrying out a
variety of Garden public relations and public informa-
tion programs. Her appointment was effective on
Wednesday, February 15, 1978.

5

Gardening in St. Louis

With the coming of spring, everyone is eager to
begin gardening. But it is important not to rush the
season. Many plants have been damaged this past
winter due in part to the unusually wet fall, which
caused plants to continue growing instead of harden-
ing off, resulting in killing back in many cases. Wait
until late April for signs of growth before removing
plants. Many damaged plants will send up new
shoots from the base and just need to have the dead
wood removed when the new shoots appear.
Mulches should not be removed until all danger of
frost has passed. The advantage of the mulch is that
it tends to keep more uniform soil temperatures, aids
in the retention of moisture and prevents weeds from
growing around plants. Shrubs such as azaleas,
rhododendrons, forsythia and others benefit by keep-
ing a constant mulch of four to five inch thickness
around the base at all times. As the mulch breaks
down, it supplies nutrients to the plants, and there-
fore, must be reapplied each year. Spring is an ideal
time, when pruning and cleaning up, to reapply the
mulch before weeds become established.

Pruning Roses

Prune roses between the first and the fifteenth of
April, after gradually pulling the mulch from around
the plant. Prune the plant according to the variety.
Hybrid teas, prune 10”-12” above ground level:
floribundas, 6-8"; grandifloras 12”-15". Following
pruning, work in superphosphate, one cup per plant,
lightly around the base of the plant, incorporating the
mulch which was removed from around the plants
into the soil at the same time. A week later feed
Epsom salts, one tablespoon per gallon of water,
using approximately two to three gallons per plant.
Repeat the Epsom salts treatment again in three
weeks. This aids in better growth and more disease
resistance.

Spring Lawn Care

Lawns should be thoroughly cleaned and grass
mowed as low as possible for the first few cuttings.
Adjust the mower to cut one and one-half inches
above ground level. If feeding was not done in late
March, a feeding of a balanced fertilizer such as
6-12-12 should be applied to the lawn at the rate of
three to four pounds per 1,000 square feet. Crab
grass preemergent killer should be applied from mid
to the end of April to control crab grass. Don’t use
preemergent weed killers in areas where new seed is
being planted. Wait at least six weeks after new seed
has been planted and allowed to become established
before applying weed killers. On well established
lawns, apply 2-4-D with Silvex for the control of broad
leafed weeds at any time when the temperatures are
around 65°-70°. Spray when there is little or no wind,
6

using a sprayer reserved for the weed killer and for no
other purpose. Avoid hydrogen fertilizers on the lawn
now as it stimulates leaf growth rather than a good
root system.

Greenhouse Plants

Plants grown indoors in small greenhouses or
under fluorescent lights should be given adequate
feedings to keep them in good condition, and kept
close to the source of light to avoid leggy growth.
Cooler growing plants can be moved outdoors after
hardening for 10 days toward the end of the month.
Gradually withhold watering somewhat but do not let
the plants wilt. Reduce the temperatures, if possible,
and place the plants outdoors for short intervals to
begin with, gradually increasing the time until they are
left out all day in an area where they get good light,
but are protected from the wind. Warm growing
plants, such as tomatoes and other plants, should not
be planted out before mid May. When planted too
early, with cool nights, they will not grow or set fruit as
rapidly as the plants set out after about May 12.

When selecting plants from the garden centers
for growing outdoors, choose varieties which are dis-
ease resistant and of hybrid vigor. The new hybrid
geraniums grown from seed make ideal plants for all
summer color. These are usually grown from seed
eight to 10 weeks before planting time and are treated
So they are in full bud by early to mid-May and will
continue flowering until late frost. They are self-
branching, compact growers, seldom reaching a
height of more than 12”-15”. Disease resistant to-
matoes, which are resistant to verticillium and
fusarium disease and cracking, should be a must for
all growers in this area.

Good plants for shaded areas where little or fil-
tered sun is available are coleus, impatiens and the
fibrous begonias, which also do well in the full sun in
the St. Louis area. In preparing the soil for planting,
work in plenty of superphosphate and organic matter.
Then, immediately upon planting, mulch the plants
lightly to control soil moisture and prevent weeds.

—Robert J. Dingwall
Chief Horticulturist

NSF Grant Awarded

The National Science Foundation has awarded
the Garden a grant to support the project entitled
“Floristics of Amazonian Peru,” under the direction of
Alwyn H. Gentry. This project is a joint endeavor with
the Field Museum of Natural History in Chicago.
Michael Dillon, who has been a part of the Garden’s
post-doctoral program, will begin working at the Field
Museum this summer and will be working with Dr.
Gentry on this continuing project, now in its third year.

James Reed Appointed
to State Commission

James Reed, the Garden’s director of libraries,
has been appointed by Governor Teasdale to the
newly-created Missouri Historic Records Advisory
Commission (MHRAC). This Commission will work
with Secretary of State James C. Kirkpatrick to de-
velop a state plan for the management of historic
records and to review grant proposals from libraries,
archives, historical societies and other agencies with
significant collections of historical documents and
records.

Mr. Reed, who has been librarian at the Garden
for 52 years, has developed an archival program as
part of the magnificent research library in the John S.
Lehmann Building, and presently serves as a
member on the Committee on the Archives of Sci-
ence of the Society of American Archivists. His ex-
perience with the Garden’s rich collections of manu-
script materials and historic records should serve to
assist MHRAC in carrying out its mission.

Executive Board Meeting
Open to Members in May

Members are welcome to attend the annual
luncheon meeting of the Executive Board of the
Members on Monday, May 1, in the auditorium of the
John S. Lehmann Building. The meeting begins at
10:30 a.m., with a review of the past year’s ac-
complishments and Membership activities. Luncheon
will be served at noon, followed by an entertaining
lecture on “The Essential Oils” presented by James
Crumpler. There will also be a photo exhibit of mem-
bers’ special events on display in the lobby. Tickets for
the luncheon/lecture may be purchased for $5.00 per
person. Reservations are limited.

For reservations, please send your check along
with the coupon provided below to:

Members’ Office

Missouri Botanical Garden
2345 Tower Grove Avenue
St. Louis, Mo. 63110

Executive Board of the Members
Luncheon Meeting

|! would like to make reservations for
person(s) at $5.00 per person, for the luncheon on
May 1, 1978.

Enclosed is my check in the amount of $
Please send tickets to:

Name

Address

A Tea Room for TGH

The Tower Grove House Auxiliary is working to
establish a Tea Room in the lower level of Tower
Grove House — a much needed food service in the
garden area. Needed are donations of tables that
seat four (14 in all), and 56 side chairs in good condi-
tion. If you have some to offer, please call Mrs. Coul-
tas, 773-9000.

Mark Your Calendar

Through Apr. 16 = “Prickly Pears of Desert Lands”

— Desert House

Through Apr. 16 = Spring Flower Show — Floral

Display House

“Plants of Classical Lands”
— Mediterranean House

Apr. 15-May 14

Apr. 22-23 Plant Sale — Plant Shop
8 a.m.-6 p.m.
May 3 “Swing Into Spring” —

Garden Gate Shop Open House
(rescheduled)

Members Spring Lecture Series
Apr. 5 “20th Century English Gardens”

Apr. 12 “Housekeeping with Herbs”,
“How to Plan and Plant
an Herb Garden”

Apr. 19 “Surprises of the Seasons”

MEMBERSHIP—FEBRUARY 1978
HENRY SHAW ASSOCIATES Mr. E. G. Cherbonnier

Mr. Sam’! C. Davis
Mr./Mrs. Howard F. Baer Mr./Mrs. Eldridge Lovelace
Mr./Mrs. Joseph H. Bascom Mr./Mrs. A. Timon Primm, III
Mrs. Watson Blair

Mr./Mrs. Roland Quest
Mr./Mrs. Guy W. Fiske, Jr. Mr./Mrs. Robert A. Ridgway
Mr./Mrs. Stanley F. Jackes

Miss Harriet J. Tatman
Mrs. John V. Janes Mr./Mrs. Harold E. Thayer
Mrs. Irene C. Jones

Dr./Mrs. H. Kendig

Mrs. John S. Lehmann

Mr./Mrs. James S. McDonnell, Jr.
Mrs. Florence T. Morris

Mr. Spencer T. Olin

Mr./Mrs. W. R. Orthwein, Jr.
Mrs. Howard E. Ridgway
Mr./Mrs. Frederic M. Robinson
Mrs. Gladney Ross

Mr. S. C. Sachs

Mr./Mrs. Daniel L. Schlafly
Mr./Mrs. Warren M. Shapleigh
Mr./Mrs. Sydney Shoenberg, Jr.
Mrs. Tom K. Smith, Sr.

Mr./Mrs. Tom K. Smith, Jr.
Mr./Mrs. C. C. Johnson Spink
Mrs. Hermann F. Spoehrer

Mr. Jack L. Turner

Mrs. Ben H. Wells

INCREASE IN MEMBERSHIPS
FEBRUARY 1978

SPONSORING

Mr./Mrs. Norman H. Klayman
Mr. Richard M. Ross

SUSTAINING
Mr./Mrs. John Brodhead, Jr.

CONTRIBUTING

Dr./Mrs. John J. Dann

Mrs. Virginia T. Ernest
Mr./Mrs. Robert L. Hageman
Dr./Mrs. David M. Kipnis

DIRECTOR’S ASSOCIATES Mr./Mrs. Edmund Lammert

Mr./Mrs. Larry Reimelt
Mr./Mrs. Alexander M. Bakewell

Mrs. Wm. S. Schwab
Mr. Clarence C. Barksdale Mr./Mrs. Charles A. White

Member of
The Arts and Education
Fund of Greater St.Louis

NEW MEMBERSHIPS
CONTRIBUTING

Mr./Mrs. Earl Hoyt, Jr.
Mr./Mrs. Jack A. Wulfmeyer

REGULAR

Mr./Mrs. Norman G. Anderson
Mr./Mrs. J. C. Barnard

Mrs. M. B. Bauche

Ms. Ruth Bayer

Mrs. Rolf Bernhard

Mr./Mrs. Kyrie Boldt

Mr./Mrs. William A. Bowersox
Mr./Mrs. Ron Brockmeyer, Sr.
Miss Susan M. Brown

Mr. James E. Bundstein
Carini Family

Ms. Jean Cochran

Mr./Mrs. Roger A. Cunningham
Ms. Linda Datillo

Ms. Penny Dean

Mr./Mrs. Dan Deiter
Mr./Mrs. Paul DeMarinis
Ms. Sally Jean Dobrunz
Mrs. Blanche M. Dodge
Mr. Tony H. Dolahite

Mrs. Harold Elbert

Mrs. Felda Epstein
Mr./Mrs. Frederick C. Ernest
Mr./Mrs. James T. Eskritt
Mr. Ronald L. Farney
Mr./Mrs. Vincent R. Ferguson
Mr. Richard B. Figlar

Ms. Linda Garfunkel
Mr./Mrs. Mike Garvin
Dr./Mrs. N. Rex Ghormley
Mrs. Bernadine Gibbons
Mr. Edmund Griesedieck
Mrs. Jerry Guffey

Mr. Wyman C. Hall

Ms. Diane K. Herbert

Ms. Charlotte K. Hopfinger
Mr. Frank J. Huck

Mrs. R. E. Huesgen

Mrs. Roger H. Johnston
Patricia A. Ketzner

Mr./Mrs. Clarence Kinnaird
Mr./Mrs. Andrew Kissel

Mr. Joseph C. Kretschmer
Mr./Mrs. Matthew J. Maloney
Mr./Mrs. Charles Maytas
Mr./Mrs. John McGinty

Mrs. Willard A. Miller

Mrs. Charles Moseley
Mr./Mrs. R. B. Mullen
Mr./Mrs. Mason K. Myers, Jr.
Mr. Richard Napier

Mr./Mrs. Robert C. O'Blennis
Ms. Jean O’Daniel

Ms. Mary Crain Penniman
Mrs. Barbara N. Pierce

Mrs. Margaret Przygoda

Ms. Elizabeth A. Purcell

Mr. George J. Rixner

Mr./Mrs. Edward Robbins

Ms. Kathy Sackett

Ms. Carol Schulte

Dr./Mrs. Howard Schwartz
Ms. Sharyn Sebastian

Mr. T. J. Shamon

Ms. Ben L. Shifrin

Mr./Mrs. David A. Stuart

Mrs. A. B. Terry

Mr./Mrs. Gary Leon Thompson
Rev. Timothy J. Toohey

Miss Georgia Urban

Mrs. Mary Uxa

Mr./Mrs. Eugene C. Weissman
Miss Beverly A. Welton
Dr./Mrs. Roy Westerfeld

Mrs. Mabel W. Westmoreland
Mr./Mrs. Edward Wilson
Mr./Mrs. Harold C. Wisely, Jr.

FEBRUARY 1978 TRIBUTES

In Honor of Mr. Gary Andrews
The Country Lane Garden Club

In Honor of Dr. and Mrs. C. C.
Connelly's 50th Anniversary
Mr./Mrs. Emil F. Schumacher

In Honor of Mr. and Mrs. W. Milner

Donovan's 50th Anniversary
Mr./Mrs. William T. Kieffer

In Honor of Mrs. Al Fleischer’s

Birthday
Mr./Mrs. Ellis C. Littmann

In Honor of Mr. Hugh Freund’s
marriage

Mrs. Morris Epstein

Mrs. Ellis C. Littmann

In Honor of Mr. and Mrs. Whitney
Harris’ Anniversary

Mr./Mrs. J. A. Baer, II

In Honor of Mrs. Ernest D.
Loewenwarter’s Special Birthday

Edward B. Bermas

Mr./Mrs. Stuart H. Steinbrink

Eda Wollenberger

In Honor of The Planters Garden Club
Mrs. Hiram Norcross

In Honor of Mr. and Mrs. Eli Seigel’s
Golden Anniversary
Mr./Mrs. Leon Hurwitz

In Honor of Betty Sims — Woman of

Achievement/Community Service
Clara Moult

In Honor of Mr. Edwin R. Waldemer’s
80th Birthday

Stix and Company, Inc.

In Honor of The Japanese Garden
Clayton Garden Club #1

In Memory of Mr. Ben C. Ames
E. J. Gildehaus

In Memory of Mrs. Charles Bascom
Fristoe Mullins Trust

In Memory of Miss Nina K. Bernd
Dr./Mrs. Joseph B. Woodson

In Memory of Mr. Julius Boehmer
Miss Hedi Breckner

Mrs. Marguerite A. Brown and Son
Marshall R. Crosby

Mrs. Earl O. Ganus

Mrs. Olivia Mewes

Mrs. Russell H. Meyer

Mrs. Paul W. Newell

Mrs. W. A. Palm

Bob and Marge Purk

Mr./Mrs. Walter Radell

Mr./Mrs. Charles Senske

G. V. Williamson

In Memory of John V. Boland
Gloria Hogbin

In Memory of Edwin M. Clark
Mr./Mrs. C. Powell Whitehead

In Memory of Richard Desloge
Mr./Mrs. H. E. Wuertenbaecher, Jr.

In Memory of Mrs. Dale Dill
Mr./Mrs. J. Wendell Davis & Family

In Memory of Mr. Fridtgas Egilsrud
Mrs. William H. Schield

In Memory of Mrs. Flora D. Freund
Mr./Mrs. H. E. Wuertenbaecher, Jr.

In Memory of Mrs. Harry Freund
Mr./Mrs. William A. Frank

In Memory of Mrs. Herbert Golterman
Rowena Clark Garden Club

In Memory of Mr. Baron Haberle
Mr./Mrs. David Honigberg

In Memory of Mrs. George Hasegawa
Dr. Jackson K. Eto

In Memory of Mr. Adolph J. Heckwolf
Mrs. Edwina Medlock

In Memory of W. A. Huckins
Mrs. K. O'Neill

In Memory of Margo Jester
Mrs. Dwight W. Coultas

In Memory of Christena Kraeft
Donna F. Hurst

In Memory of Frances D. Maritz
Elizabeth N. Young

In Memory of Robert H. McWilliams, Sr.

Mr./Mrs. Robert L. Blanke, Jr.
Mr./Mrs. Wylie Todd
Mr./Mrs. H. E. Wuertenbaecher, Jr.

In Memory of Helen Kuhn Mellow
Dorothy and L. J. Grigsby

In Memory of Ruth Dralle Onken
Mrs. Cannon

Mrs. Clarence L. Hein

Mrs. Malcolm Reid

Mike and Mary Lynn Reid

In Memory of Mr. Earl Phillips
John and Jean Gray

In Memory of Mr. John L. Pierson
Carolyn and James Singer

In Memory of Mr. Elmer Pins
The Sporting News

In Memory of Mrs. Dora Porzelt
|. F. Hobelman

In Memory of Mr. William C. Schmalz
Dr. Armand D. Fries

In Memory of Johanna Schulze
Beatrice Obermeyer

In Memory of George Sheehan
Susan M. Hartmann

In Memory of Mrs. Bradford Shinkle
Mary Elizabeth Bascom

In Memory of Prof. Elwin W. Signumd

The William Koerner Family

In Memory of Mrs. Freda H. Sopp
Mrs. Ruth S. DeFabio
Miss Evelyn M. Stark

In Memory of Mr. Julius J. Sullivan
Emily and Helen Novak

In Memory of Betty Temme
Mrs. Dwight W. Coultas

In Memory of Mary Elizabeth Tonkins
Mr./Mrs. Frank Demme

Frances M. Reeves

Scholin Bros. Printing Co.
Shaughnessy-Kniep-Hawe Paper Co.

In Memory of Mrs. Louis S. Vagnino
Clayton Garden Club, Group 2
Mrs. James J. Harmon, Jr.

In Memory of Mr. David Von Hahn
St. Louis Horticultural Society

In Memory of John Wightman
Mr./Mrs. Charles J. Moore, Jr.

In Memory of Mrs. Morris Winterman
Mr./Mrs. E. A. Hogbin, Jr.

MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN BULLETIN
2345 Tower Grove Avenue
Saint Louis, Missouri 63110

SECOND CLASS
POSTAGE

PAID
AT ST. LOUIS, MO.

Missouri
Botanical
Garden
Bulletin

May 14 is Japanese Festival Day

The Garden's third annual Japanese Festival,
which last year attracted thousands of visitors for a
day long celebration of Japanese art and culture, will
be held this year on Mother’s Day, Sunday, May 14.

Featured entertainment will include perform-
ances by the San Francisco Taiko Dojo Drummers;
Sahomi Tachibana and her company from New York
City performing both classical and folk dances; and
Yoshiko Kendall, who will play a Japanese stringed
instrument, the koto.

Demonstrations of origami, calligraphy and pot-
tery making will take place throughout the day. There
will be exhibits of bonsai, flower arrangements by the
St. Louis Chapter of Ikebana International, and a dis-
play of children’s art from Suwa, Japan, St. Louis’

Sister City. A photography exhibit will pictorially de-
scribe the history of Japanese Americans. There will
also be a display of antique Samurai swords.

Japanese food will be prepared at the Garden for
sampling by festival participants.

The hours of the festival are 10 a.m. to 5 p.m.,
although the Garden will be open, as usual, from 9
a.m. to 6 p.m. Additional parking will be available at
Famous-Barr Southtown, with a shuttle bus operating
from 12 to 6 p.m. Fees for admission to the festival
are $1.00 for members; members’ children, free;
non-members, $3.00 for adults, $1.00 for children.

Garden members may purchase Festival tickets
in advance, at the Main Gate.

A Japanese performance
by the University of
Kansas Theater Troupe
highlighted events during
last year's Japanese
Festival.

Volume LXVI Number 5
May 1978

Drive Reaches $4 Million;
Major Effort lo Come

During eight months of campaigning, more than
$4 million has been raised in the Garden’s ongoing
Capital development drive — 67 per cent of the drive’s
goal and an average of $500,000 per month in con-
tributions.

“We have done well up to this point,” said Robert
R. Hermann, campaign chairman. “But we still have
to pitch in and work hard, keeping on schedule in
making solicitation contacts, if we are to reach our $6
million goal.”

So far in the drive, Mr. Hermann explained, the
Garden’s Board of Trustees and staff have “come
through” with pledges to the capital fund drive. In
addition, 90 per cent of the initial round of solicitation
— that directed toward advance gifts and large corpo-
rations — has been completed. The next step will be
individual solicitations.

“Up to this point,” Mr. Hermann added, “our drive
has been on schedule as planned — first involving
the Board, then the staff, and then ‘Advance Gifts,’
that portion of the effort which allows special em-
phasis on large contributions from individuals and
major business organizations.

“It must be said, however, that traditionally, most
very large gifts are received at the outset of a fund-
raising campaign. This is why, despite the fact that
we're two-thirds of the way to our goal, we must
mount a major individual solicitation effort during the
remainder of the year.

“If we are to reach our goal,” Mr. Hermann said,
“everyone is going to have to participate.”

Dr. Croat’s Flora
To Be Published

Final production is underway on the Flora of
Barro Colorado Island, written by Dr. Thomas B.
Croat, the Garden’s Paul A. Schulze Curator of
Botany. The work, encompassing 3600 manuscript
pages, will be published in a single volume of 1100
pages.

This massive work, drawing upon years of field
work, is perhaps “the most comprehensive taxonomic
treatment of a tropical flora ever published,” accord-
ing to the Stanford Press spring catalog.

The book is the culmination of a seven year proj-
ect begun in 1967. More than three years of field work
on Barro Colorado Island and more than 6,000 collec-
tions make the flora of the island the most well known
tropical flora in the world. The island, which lies mid-
way in the Panama Canal Zone, supports a flora of at
least 1,369 species of higher plants, a total approach-
ing that of the British Isles. It is one of the world’s most
important biological reserves and is operated by the
Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute.

2

Garden Club Of America
Award lo Dr. Peter H. Raven

(

Dr. Peter H. Raven

The Garden Club of America Achievement
Medal, awarded in the fields of research, education
and horticultural display, has been presented to Dr.
Peter H. Raven, Garden director. The award was
given during the Club’s annual meeting April 4 in Bir-
mingham, Alabama.

The national award was presented by Mrs.
Robert Homans, medal award chairman, who quoted
from one letter of recommendation as follows: “I think
that by recognizing Dr. Raven’s achievements you will
inspire young people to follow in his footsteps — to
realize the importance of basic research knowledge
of botany and that the theoretical scientist could lead
the way in the development of a science such as
horticulture, which gives so much practical pleasure
to so many.”

New Volunteer Group

Twenty-three volunteers have completed pre-
liminary training, under the direction of David Binks
and Carol Taxman, to prepare them for spring work in
the Japanese Garden. Each volunteer has been as-
signed a specific area in the Japanese Garden to
maintain. Each has learned special techniques and is
prepared to answer questions that may be posed by
Garden visitors.

We are pleased to have this specially trained
group of volunteers who began work early in April.

Members Headed
“Down Under”

Australia, New Zealand and Tahiti are the major
points of interest for a members’ tour scheduled for
November 3 through November 25, 1978. Reserva-
tions are limited. For further information, contact the
Members’ Office at 772-7600, extension 25.

The MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN BULLETIN Is published
12 issues per year monthly by the Missouri Botanical Garden,
2345 Tower Grove Avenue, St. Louis, Mo.63110. Second class
postage paid at St. Louis, Mo. $5.00 per year. $6.00 foreign

the ee Guides: A ey in meee

Follow one of the 40 volunteer guides at the
Garden and you will see someone with an interest in
plants and nature and an insatiable desire to learn
more. She has a stamina for walking and a joy in
sharing what she knows. She can take a group of
fourth graders through the “jungle” of the Climatron,
or introduce a women’s church group to a variety of
Holy Land plants in the Mediterranean House. She
can show a high school biology class the source of a
leading cancer medication of the world’s supply of
steroids. She can lead a sixth grade group through
the Japanese Garden explaining why gardens are
important to the Japanese people, or how the plants
and rock formations relate to Japanese history, relig-
ion, literature and tradition. A group of visiting busi-
nessmen might be told why Henry Shaw’s country
place has meant so much to the people of St. Louis
and indeed the world, and the important role that his
legacy has played in St. Louis culture, botanical sci-
ence and horticulture.

The next Guide Training Program will start in
September. During eight Thursday meetings, new
guides will receive instruction concerning the three
major greenhouses (the Climatron, Desert and

Mrs. Donald Metzger, a
member of the Garden
Guides, conducts
greenhouse tour for a
visiting group.

Mediterranean Houses), the history of the Garden, the
comparison of major climatic areas of the world and
how plants adapt to grow in each of them. They will
also study Japanese Gardens, their underlying
philosophy, design and plant materials. Once trained,
guides are expected to serve a minimum of one day
per week in the Education Department tour program.
One additional Tuesday morning per month is de-
voted to enrichment activities through a Guide meet-
ing.

A recent survey of the current guides indicates
that the greatest satisfaction in being a part of the
program lies in the ongoing educational opportunities
it offers them. It also provides a sense of service to
the community while enjoying nature with a group of
people of similar interests.

If you would enjoy being a part of this active
group and would like additional information, please
call the new guide training chairman, Paula Kipnis, at
725-5545; or the guide chairman, Sally Davidson, at
961-0935. If unable to reach either of them, you may
leave your name and telephone number with the
Education Office at 772-7600, ext. 54, so one of them
may contact you.

June 10 Is Garden Picnic Day

Members and their guests are invited to attend
a special Garden picnic on June 10. Enjoy a basket
supper in one of the Garden's lovely settings and be
entertained throughout the grounds. Festivities in-
clude performances by the St. Louis Soma Theatre,
the Grand Fuzz, the St. Louis Banjo Club, the Brass
Quintet of the St. Louis Symphony Youth Orchestra,

and Simone, the Bellydancer.
A display entitled “Herbs in Art” will be presented
by the St. Louis Herb Society in the Museum Building.
Tickets are $15.00 per person and proceeds will
benefit the new transportation system within the Gar-
den. For further information, contact the Members’
Office at 772-7600, ext. 25.

3

Mrs. Ross Named
To Garden Board

Mrs. Lucianna Gladney Ross

Mrs. Lucianna Gladney Ross, a prominent St.
Louisan long associated with the Garden, has been
elected a life member of the Garden’s Board of Trus-
tees, it was announced by Tom K. Smith, Jr., board
president.

A graduate of Smith College, Mrs. Ross has
served for many years as a volunteer guide at the
Garden and served with Mrs. Nancy Day as chairman
of the program from 1973 to 1975. Her election marks
the first time in the Garden’s 119-year history that a
woman will serve on the Board of Trustees.

In addition to her Garden activities, Mrs. Ross
has been involved in the historical restoration project
in Kimmswick, Missouri, and serves as a St. Louis Art
Museum Commissioner, a consultant for the Land-
marks Association and a member of the Board of
Trustees of John Burroughs School. In 1977, she was
named a Woman of Achievement by The St. Louis
Globe-Democrat.

Mrs. Ross was elected to fill a board vacancy
created by the recent resignation of Sam’! C. Davis,
who has been named an honorary trustee.

We welcome Mrs. Ross to our board with pride
and pleasure.

TGH Tearoom To Open

May 2, 1978 will mark the opening of a new
tearoom in the lower level of Tower Grove House. The
Auxiliary will operate the new facility, by reservations
only, on Tuesdays and Thursdays. The newly redeco-
rated tearoom will accommodate up to 40 people for a
box luncheon of either a salad or sandwich, for $4.50
per person. Reservations may be made by calling
Tower Grove House, 773-9000. Serving hours are
11:30 a.m. to 1 p.m.

4

Northeast Tour

A combination cruise/land tour for members to
Nova Scotia and New England is scheduled for Sep-
tember 25 to October 9.

A perfect two week tour, the excursion features
the best of New England and the best of Nova Scotia
at the peak of fall foliage. Also featured is the new
steamer service “Caribe”, which sails between Port-
land, Maine and Yarmouth, Nova Scotia, and the
famous “Bluenose” between Yarmouth and Bar Har-
bor, Maine.

Cost is $1,130 per person. For further information,
please call the Members’ Office at 772-7600, ext. 25.

Dorothy Young Exhibit
Slated For Lehmann Building

An exhibit of oil paintings by Dorothy O. Young
(Mrs. Jack J. Sophir) will be held in the John S.
Lehmann Building lobby from April 29 through May
27. Mrs. Young, a Fellow of the International Institute
of Arts and Letters, will be exhibiting a variety of re-
cent floral paintings, landscapes and still lifes. She is
a member of the Society of Independent Artists of St.
Louis, and has exhibited paintings in New York, Neb-
raska, Illinois, and in many shows in the St. Louis
region. Her work has received nearly 100 awards and
honors throughout her career. The exhibit will be open
from 8:30 a.m. to 5:00 be ey bah hea

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PLANTS Ol} Tite BIBL

“49
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The Library:
A Member’s Resource

Among the many special collections in the library
is one group of 500 publications chosen specifically
for the Garden’s membership. Included in this
horticultural/environmental collection are books on
indoor and outdoor gardening, lawn care, flower ar-
ranging, landscape design, and introductory botany.
These books represent a selection of the classical
references on gardening and horticulture as well as
current publications.

A member browsing through the shelves can
learn how to grow healthier tomatoes, how to identify
insect pests on vegetables and the songbirds that
help control such pests, how to design bouquets and
flower arrangements in both the traditional and Orien-
tal manner, and how to help children gain an appreci-
ation of the natural world. Each month a few selected
additional titles are added to this collection in order to
help keep our membership current on horticultural
happenings.

With very few exceptions, all of these books are
available on loan for a two-week period upon presen-
tation of a valid membership card. All members are
urged to include a visit to the library when they visit
the rest of the Garden. Library hours are 8:30 a.m.
to 5 p.m. Monday through Friday.

Brian LeDoux of the Garden
staff, who usually spends his
time planting, pruning, spraying
and watering, has brought his
artistic ability to bear on several
recent Garden events. Brian,
who holds a degree in art from
Northeastern Missouri State

_ University and taught art in St.
Louis for eight years, executed
- color drawings to illustrate the
recent Orchid Show, the “Plants
of the Bible” exhibition and the
“Plants of Classical Lands”

— show.

SheHardian Ease

Philodendron ‘Painted Lady’

The May selection in the Wardian Case is one of
the famous hybrid philodendrons developed by the
late W. McColley — Philodendron ‘Painted Lady.’ Mr.
McColley, an Aroid hybridizer of international fame for
the past 30 years, developed most of the “Art”
philodendrons (those with highly colored foliage) of
merit, including ‘Prince Dubonnet’, ‘Burgundy’, and
‘Emerald King’, of which ‘Painted Lady’ is an out-
standing example.

As a member of the Araceae family, exhibiting all
the vigor and ease-of-culture of the common
philodendron, ‘Painted Lady’ offers an unusual blend
of colors on one plant. The stems, sheaths, leaf
petioles, and the lead edges are vivid coral. The leaf
blade is a lime green speckled with darker green and
yellow. Overall, ‘Painted Lady’ is a striking addition to
any collection.

The word philodendron comes from two Greek
terms, philus and dendron, translating to tree-loving.
In their natural habitat throughout the world’s tropical
belt, they are found growing on or in close association
with trees; many as vines. Although they prefer
warmer temperatures, well drained soils, constant
moisture, and higher humidity levels, philodendrons
make incredibly tolerant decorations for the home or
office. They are especially suitable for lower light
levels, requiring minimal care in all situations.

The Plant Shop: retailing daily from 10 a.m. to
4:30 p.m.

=)

Gardening in St. Louis

—

The early flowering spring shrubs, such as
azaleas and forsythia, may be pruned in May. Re-
move some of the older stems at ground level, or
head back considerably to control the height. Re-
move up to one-third of the old stock on older shrubs.
This will encourage new shoots to develop. Prune a
second time in early June. Following pruning, lightly
apply a balanced fertilizer, such as a 5-10-5 or 6-
12-12, around the base of the plants or use super-
phosphate at the rate of three to four pounds per 100
square feet along with cottonseed meal on plants
which like an acid type soil.

All winter damage should be pruned back on
shrub material now that they have made good growth.
Prune to reshape and reform the plants. The addition
of iron chelate and Epsom salts at the rate of one
tablespoon per gallon of water applied to acid
loving plants will help with the green-up. They
will harden off better as far as late summer growing
conditions are concerned. Holly leaf minor can be
prevented by the use of Malathion or Zectran applied
to the leaves, starting around the 10th of May and
repeating application in about 10 days. Apply carefully
to the top as well as the underside of the leaves for
good control.

Vegetable Gardens

Vegetable gardens should be well under way at
this point. Any time after the 10th of May, the warm
season plants, such as tomatoes, cucumbers, squash
and others, can be planted out in the garden. Seeds
of such varieties can be planted immediately. In
selecting these plants, make sure they are disease
resistant and suitable for growing in the St. Louis
area. Prior to planting, work in plenty of organic mat-
ter such as leaf mold or compost along with about five
pounds of superphosphate per 100 square feet.

Plants should be mulched immediately to control
weeds and moisture. Increase the mulch as plants
develop in height so you end up with two or three
inches of good mulch over all the areas. Mulching
between seed rows can be done, adding more mulch
here as the plants develop.

Fertilizing and Insect Control

Spring bulbs that have finished flowering should
receive a light feeding of a balanced fertilizer such as
5-10-5. Approximately three to four weeks after flow-
ering, all tops can be cut down to ground level if bulbs
are going to be left in the ground throughout the
summer months. If bulbs need to be moved, dig up
carefully after flowering and move them into nursery
rows in shrubbery or some area where they are out of
the way, watering in well, and keeping well watered
until tops die down naturally. Then the bulbs should
be dug, dried and stored in cool dry areas until plant-

6

ing time next fall. Continue planting of glads at three
week intervals for good flowering throughout the
summer months. Dahlias should be planted im-
mediately and new plants which are purchased set
out after the 10th of May. These are excellent plants to
grow in semi-shaded areas for late summer and fall
color.

Feed roses with a balanced fertilizer, if not done
earlier, or feed liquid fertilizer such as 20-20-20 in
early May which will encourage flowering. Spray the
plants at regular intervals with Benlate alternated with
Phaltan for good disease control, applying under-
neath the leaves and on top immediately following
any heavy rain or after plants have made several
inches of new growth. Watch for insects and spray
with a good insecticide such as Diazinon as soon as
insects are first noticed.

Treatment of Dutch elm disease should be under-
taken any time in late May. Contact qualified arborists
to have this work and any necessary pruning on the
elms done to keep them in good condition.

—Robert J. Dingwall
Chief Horticulturist

The Garden Answers

The Garden Answers, by Robert J. Dingwall with
an introduction by Peter Raven, Garden director, was
published by Cadillac Publishing Co., Inc., in early
April. The book contains more than 1600 answers to
the most often asked questions about every phase of
gardening. The author has been chief horticulturist at
the Garden since 1969. In addition, he writes a weekly
garden column for the Globe-Democrat.

The book is on sale at the Garden Gate Shop for
$6.95.

several Days In May...

The St. Louis Horticultural Society will hold its
annual spring show May 20-21. The Floral Display
House will be ablaze with roses, iris and a variety of
cut spring flowers. House plants will be featured as
well.

May also will be rose month, not only in our two
rose gardens, but in the Rose Society’s show to be
held in the Floral Display House May 27 and 28. The
show will be open to the public from 2 to 5 p.m. on
Saturday and 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. on Sunday. The show
will feature roses by color group, by single specimen
and by three specimens to a container. Miniatures will
be featured as well.

Tropical Biology Meeting

The Committee on Research Priorities in Tropi-
cal Biology, of which Dr. Peter H. Raven, Garden di-
rector, is chairman, met at the Garden on March 17
and 18. Funded by the National Science Foundation,
a two-year study by the committee will focus on cer-
tain aspects of research in tropical forest biology. As-
sessments will be made of the rate of destruction of
humid tropical forests and a plan will be outlined for a
series of research programs in the tropics.

The committee is composed of 13 scientists from
all over the world. This initial meeting will be followed
by others in the course of the two-year study.

Mark Your Calendar

May 6-21: “Subtropical Treasures

of Japan’—Climatron

Through May 14: “Plants of Classical Lands” —
Mediterranean House

May 14: Japanese Festival

May 20-21: St. Louis Horticultural
Society Show —
Floral Display House

May 27-28: Rose Society Show—

Floral Display House

May 27-June 18: “First Fruits of the Holy
Land’—Mediterranean House

1978 PITZMAN NATURE PROGRAM

Call the Education Department now for registration
forms.

ARBORETUM PROGRAMS

June 26, 28, 30 Sense of Wonder: a time of
sharing the natural world for
parents and children.

July 10-13 Four Days on the Meramec:

July 17-20 natural awareness and river
ecology from a canoe.

July 25-29 Natural Awareness: Close contact

with nature through personal
experiences in the out-of-doors.

GARDEN PROGRAMS

June 19-23 The Green Machine: exploring
June 26-30 plant life around the world in
July 17-21 gardens and greenhouses.

July 5, 6, 7 One Day Experiences: Three
approaches to fun with plants,
offered singly or as a package.

July 11-14 Family Plant Explorers: a parent-

child program providing activities
in growing and using plants.

Herb Society Welcomes
Five New Members

Five provisional members were welcomed into
active membership at the St. Louis Herb Society’s
first meeting of 1978. These women worked as provi-
sionals for one year, attending meetings, working in
the Herb Garden to see how plants are set out, at-
tending workshops in the greenhouse to learn how
the Herb Society meets Garden plans, cooking with
herbs and learning the history of herb gardening.

The new members are Mrs. Tobin Carlin, Mrs.
Eric Jordan, Mrs. Henry Knock, Mrs. John McCarthy,
Mrs. J. Sullentrop and Mrs. Paul Young. There are
two new provisional members: Mrs. William A. Wilkin-
son and Mrs. Albert C. Grimm.

Progress is being made on the Society’s “Herbs
in Art” project, which will be on display June 10, at the
“Picnic at the Garden,” a festival planned by the
Executive Board of the Members. The Herb Society
has three committees working on three handmade
projects: a needlepoint rug, a quilt and dried flower
crafts. Mrs. John McCarthy, who gave an illustrated
lecture at the meeting on her trip to an embroidery
school in Copenhagen, Denmark, displayed her
Flowers and Herbs in Danish design, a beautiful bell
pull and an embroidered herb to be framed.

MEMBERSHIP—MARCH 1978

HENRY SHAW ASSOCIATES INCREASE IN MEMBERSHIPS
Mr./Mrs. Howard F. Baer MARCH 1978

Mr./Mrs. Joseph H. Bascom SUSTAINING

Mrs. Watson Blair os
Dr./Mrs. James R. Criscione

Mr./Mrs. G. A. Buder, Jr. :
Mr./Mrs. Guy W. Fiske, Jr. Mr./Mrs. Michael J. Geders
Mr./Mrs. E. R. Parsons, Jr.

Mr./Mrs. Stanley F. Jackes

Mrs. John V. Janes Mr. Edward R. Spence
Mrs. Irene C. Jones

Dr./Mrs. H. Kendig

Mrs. John S. Lehmann

Mr./Mrs. James S. McDonnell, Jr.
Mrs. Florence T. Morris

Mr. Spencer T. Olin

Mrs. W. R. Orthwein, Jr.

Mrs. Howard E. Ridgway
Mr./Mrs. Frederic M. Robinson
Mrs. Gladney Ross

Mr. S. C. Sachs

Mr./Mrs. Daniel L. Schlafly
Mr./Mrs. Warren M. Shapleigh
Mr./Mrs. Sydney Shoenberg, Jr. REGULAR
Mrs. Tom K. Smith, Sr.
Mr./Mrs. Tom K. Smith, Jr.
Mr./Mrs. C. C. Johnson Spink
Mrs. Hermann F. Spoehrer
Mr. Jack L. Turner

Mrs. Ben H. Wells

Mr./Mrs. Richard K. Weil

DIRECTOR’S ASSOCIATES

Mr./Mrs. Alexander M. Bakewell
Mr. Clarence C. Barksdale

Mr. Sam’! C. Davis

Mr./Mrs. Eldridge Lovelace
Mr./Mrs. A. Timon Primm, III
Mr./Mrs. Robert A. Ridgway
Miss Harriet J. Tatman

Mr./Mrs. Harold E. Thayer

Member of
The Arts and Education
Fund of Greater St.Louis

CONTRIBUTING

Mr./Mrs. Paul Brockman
Mr./Mrs. Charles M. Copley, Jr.
Mrs. Margaret W. Erlanger
Mr./Mrs. T. D. Frank

Mr./Mrs. Charles E. Kopman
Mr./Mrs. Milton Kushkin
Mr./Mrs. Glenn W. Lueke
Mr./Mrs. James D. Newell

Mr. Neil Adams, Jr.

Ms. Elaine Alexander

Mr. Daniel G. Armbuster

Ms. Elayne Baumgart

Mr. Michael D. Baumgart
Misss Carol Ann Bien

Ms. Kathy Bordua

Mr./Mrs. Ronald F. Borgmann
Mrs. Richard J. Bower
Mr./Mrs. Robert Braun
Mr./Mrs. Earl Burckhardt
Mr./Mrs. Ralph Casey, Jr.
Mr./Mrs. Charles B. Castro
Mrs. William Collinger
Mr./Mrs. Laverta M. Copeland
Mrs. Iris Jean Courtway
Mr./Mrs. Robert R. Crank, Jr.

Ms. Ann Day

Mr. David Diley-Mem’s G. C.
of Parkway

Ms. Kathleen J. Dirhold

Ms. Carol Eaton

Mr./Mrs. Alan E. Ecker

Mr./Mrs. Harry L. Ellis

Mr./Mrs. Edward H. Fohrman

Mr. Terry W. Francis

Mr./Mrs. Donald R. Franz

Mr. Frederick J. Friedewald

Mrs. Ann R. Groesch

Mr./Mrs. William H. Harrison, Jr.

Mrs. John Harruff

Dr./Mrs. Aaron Hendin

Mr./Mrs. Ralph Hertlein

Highland Gardens Nursery Inc.

Mr./Mrs. E. Bent Hotze

Mr. Russell C. Hudler

Mr. John Hume

Mr./Mrs. Robert J. Hutcheson

Mr./Mrs. Michael J. Jersa

Mr./Mrs. William R. Jobson

Mr./Mrs. Floyd S. Johnson

Mr./Mrs. Gary P. Kaplan

Mr./Mrs. Lawrence P. Kaplan
Mr./Mrs. Thomas C. Killoren
Mr. Ray L. Kirkman

Mr./Mrs. John Klaric
Mr./Mrs. Richard A. Koch
Mr./Mrs. Charles S. Korn
Mr./Mrs. William C. Krato
Mrs. Verka Kroteff

Ms. Deborah A. Lada
Sister M. Lillian

Mr./Mrs. Donald C. Lochmoeller
Mr./Mrs. John F. Ludeman
Mr./Mrs. A. C. Luskow

Mrs. T. K. Mangelsdorf
Mr./Mrs. Zivojin Markovich
Mr. Jeffrey L. Marsh

Ms. Barbara Masson

Mr. William A. Matzker

Mr. Donald Maxwell
Mr./Mrs. M. L. McCartney
Mr./Mrs. |. C. Miller

Mr./Mrs. Roger Moll
Mr./Mrs. Ken Morrison
Mr./Mrs. James J. Neskas
Mr. James L. Otis

Mr./Mrs. J. E. Paubel
Dr./Mrs. V. P. Perna
Dr./Mrs. David R. Pesses
Mr./Mrs. Ray Pickett
Mr./Mrs. H. L. Poe

Mr. Michael H. Pursley
Mr./Mrs. Rod Rasmussen
Mr. James A. Ray
Mr./Mrs. William Resetarits
Mr. Michael D. Richardson
Mr. David A. Rintoul

Mr. Bill Rostenberg
Mr./Mrs. David Royce
Mr./Mrs. John E. Ruzie, Jr.
Miss Nancy St. Jean

Mr. Walter A. Schaefer
Mr. James E. Schoenberger
Mr./Mrs. Don Seehafer
Mr./Mrs. James Shaw, Jr.
Mr./Mrs. Chung YuShen
Ms. Barbara Shirley
Mr./Mrs. Arthur Shulman
Mr./Mrs. Glynn Shumake
Mr./Mrs. Bruce S. Smith
Mr./Mrs. Horace Smith

Mr. Maurice Smith

Mr./Mrs. Robert E. Snyder
Mr./Mrs. W. Stenson

Mrs. Florence J. Thiele
Mr./Mrs. Max Towler

Mr./Mrs. Richard L. Tummons
Mr./Mrs. Tracy P. Unger
Mr./Mrs. Lawrence J. Vangels
Mr./Mrs. W. L. VanVlieck

Mrs. John E. Verral

Ms. Ann M. Vismara

Ms. Mytha Vogt

Ms. Henrietta Voskamp
Mr./Mrs. H. N. Wallerstedt, Jr.
Mr. Earnest P. Ward

Mr./Mrs. Edward Warden

Mr. Charles W. Watt

Ms. Elsie Weiner

Mr. David Wells

Dr./Mrs. John P. Welty

Mr. William N. Wider

Miss. Dolores Wildhaber

Mr. Ronald J. Wolf

Mr./Mrs. Jack A. Wulfmeyer
Mr. Robert C. Young

MARCH TRIBUTES

In Honor of Hazel Loewenwarter’s
75th Birthday
Wally and Jonas Weil

In Memory of Mr. Eugene H. Angert
St. Louis Horticultural Society

In Memory of Irvin Bettman, Jr.
Eleanor and Henry Hitchcock

In Memory of Mr. Julius Boehmer, Jr.
Mr./Mrs. Walter Hamilton

In Memory of Mrs. Nancy Boyd
Mrs. Albert Becker

Mrs. Mary Bird

Mrs. Margaret Edmunds

Mrs. Doris Good

Mrs. J. Kern

Mrs. Helen Seifert

Mrs. Nyla Tompkins

In Memory of Richard C. Bradley
Mr./Mrs. Bernard Blomberg

In Memory of Mr. Henry Corcoran

Ms. Jean Althoff

Ms. Wille Braudrick

Ms. Jane Cablish

Ms. Cynthia Georges

Ms. Chris Green

Ms. Debbie Hauser

Ms. Susan Heggarty

Mr. Joe Heggeman

Ms. Doris Herman

Ms. Jane Hoppaw

Mr. Charles Hughes

Interdata, Oceanport, N.J.

Ms. Dorothy Jones

Ms. Kathleen Lask

Ms. Erma Matthews

Ms. Elbrey Munger

Mr./Mrs. William Nolan and Son

Ms. Karen Norris

Ms. Fay O’Shea

The Perkins-Elmer Corp.
(Dallas, Chicago, Kansas City,
and Cleveland Offices)

Ms. Karen Philhours

Mr. Randall Pierce

Ms. Marlene Poger

Mrs. Carolyn Schwartz

Ms. Helen Smith

Ms. Lillian Tucker

Ms. Janet Vaughn

Ms. Vivian Weger

In Memory of Mrs. Edna Clement Branch yc Kathleen Wetheroth

Arthur M. Branch, Jr.

In Memory of Raymond Conway
Mr./Mrs. Don Grunick

Ms. Mary Wright

In Memory of Beulah Crafton
Mrs. Alice Taylor

In Memory of Robert Dennis
Puppy Palace Enterprises, Inc.

In Memory of Mrs. Viola Ellis
Mrs. Joyce Hancock
Mr./Mrs. George Koonce

In Memory of Mr. Benton Gabbert
Mrs. F. Donald McDonald

In Memory of Mrs. George K. Hasegawa

Mrs. O. W. Branneky
Mary M. Ott

In Memory of Miss Cordelia Kauffman

Mr. Robert L. Blanke, Jr.

In Memory of William C. Krueger
Rose Society of Greater St. Louis
Viola Villard

In Memory of Helene Kunz
Mr./Mrs. Russell A. Schulte

In Memory of Marvin Levin
Mr./Mrs. Ellis C. Littman

In Memory of Mrs. Nelson Levis
Jane V. Henry

In Memory of Mr. Rolland E. Meyers
Mr./Mrs. Vincent R. Bohlman & Family

In Memory of George W. Miller, Sr.
June and Fred Fangmann

In Memory of Mr. Gifford Montague
R. Clark Becker

In Memory of Hazel Taylor Princell
Dr. & Mrs. A. E. Fathman

In Memory of Mr. William J. Ragan
Mrs. William J. Ragan

In Memory of Mary G. Roll
Ann M. Kroeger

In Memory of Mrs. Saller
Mr./Mrs. J. Anton
Mr./Mrs. R. Carr
Mr./Mrs. J. Craig

In Memory of Hugh Semple
Mr./Mrs. Alan S. Atkins

In Memory of Stuart Pinkney Smith
Mr./Mrs. Ralph L. Smith

In Memory of Mr. John Whitlock
Dolores and Bill Hoeffel

In Memory of Frank R. Wietecter
Mr./Mrs. Edward Heichelbech

In Memory of Mr. Martin C. Woodruff
Dorothy J. Woodruff

MISSOURI BOTANICAL

GARDEN BULLETIN

2345 Tower Grove Avenue
Saint Louis, Missouri 63110

James Reed

SECOND CLASS
POSTAGE

PAID
AT ST. LOUIS, MO.

Missouri
Botanical
Garden
hari

St. Louis Illustrated, KMOX-TV’s Emmy
award-winning public affairs series, was telecast live
from the Garden on the last Saturday in April, focus-
ing for one colorful hour on Garden history, current
display attractions and the Garden's work in botani-
cal education and research.

“We have been attempting to focus St. Louis
Illustrated on St. Louis itself,” said Robert Schnorf,
producer of the series, ‘to enhance the civic pride
and spirit which St. Louisans already have. The
Garden, particularly in springtime, was a ‘natural’ in
more ways than one.”

The project, begun in March, was unusual for
the Garden and demanded a major Garden com-
mitment in terms of organization and manpower.
“We recognized the tremendous opportunity which
was presented to us,” said Susan Flowers, director
of public relations, “in terms of telling the Garden
story to a great number of people. And we also rec-
ognized our responsibility to put together a final
product of quality.”

Developed by Schnorf and his St. Louis Illus-
trated production team were plans for an hour-long
mix of entertainment, education and outdoor Garden
tour. The south end of the Japanese Garden lake
would be “home base” for the show; great advan-
tage would be taken of the Garden's springtime vis-
uals, I.e., various colorful outdoor and indoor display
elements; entertainment would be provided by the
Herb Drury Trio and a dancer from the Simms
Academy of Dance in ballet in the Climatron.

Additionally, the Garden’s new electric tram sys-
tem would be used as a mobile camera platform
for a moving, tour-interview with Dr. Peter H. Raven,
Garden director.

The largest imponderable was the weather.

Saturday, April 29, was typically spring in St.
Louis — heavy cloud cover, less-than-balmy tem-

Dr. Peter H. Raven, right, Garden director, and Robert Schnorf,
producer of KMOX-TV's St. Louis Illustrated, discuss production
points prior to the recent hour-long live telecast from the
Mediterranean House.

peratures and intermittent rainfall throughout the
day. Immediate adjustments had to be made.

First, ‘home base’ was moved from the outdoor
setting by the Japanese Garden lake into the
Mediterranean House. Then, taking advantage of
rainless periods, the KMOX-TV crew pre-taped Dr.
Raven’s interview, only to discover later that an
equipment failure had rendered most of it useless.

The hour-long program opened with music by
the Herb Drury Trio, performing in the botanical set-

(Continued on Page 2)

Volume LXVI Number 6
June 1978

Camelot Grant
supports Library

The CAMELOT Fund of the Arts and Education
Council of Greater St. Louis has provided a grant of
$10,000 to assist the Garden’s library conservation
program. Funds from the grant will be used for the
repair and restoration of fragile items from the li-
brary’s extensive rare book collections, for making
Solander boxes for rare book storage and for con-
tinuing the library’s program of treating all leather
book bindings with preservatives in order to arrest
deterioration and prolong the useful life of the books.

The Garden’s conservation program ranks as
one of the most comprehensive preservation efforts
of any library in the country. Staff members Morton
Deutch and Bill Panos, and volunteers Don Nieder-
lander, Mary Wahl, Maryann Eger, Rose Mary
Rudde, and Christy Love run an efficient program
that not only performs book restoration and routine
preventive treatments on the book collections, but
also mats prints and pictures for framing, repairs torn
documents and fragile maps, makes pamphlet bind-
ings, manufactures boxes for the storage of prints,
removes centuries-old accumulations of dirt and
grime from library materials, and meets almost any
preservation challenge that comes its way. The
generosity of the CAMELOT Fund is helping to
assure that the priceless heritage of the Garden's
library can be preserved for the benefit and enjoy-
ment of future generations.

~2 a. *
: % Sees. j
“ sole er em vel
eat! See fl

* ota

Katherine Siegmund, a member of the Garden’s new group of
Japanese Garden volunteers, offers her brand of tender loving care
to the dry garden.

2

Stolar Exhibit

oe AS

ys

ig b

was Speak a.
Mrs. Ruth Stolar, St. Louis artist at work near the Climatron.

An exhibit of oils by St. Louis artist Ruth Stolar,
whose work was the subject of the Garden’s first art
show in 1961, will open in the Floral Display House on
Sunday, June 11 and will be on continual display for
three weeks.

Mrs. Stolar’s display will include more than 30 oil
paintings, about half of that number dealing with Gar-
den subjects and the remainder St. Louis area land-
scapes and still life paintings.

Mrs. Stolar has used the Garden as a living art
subject for more than 20 years, choosing the setting
because of its great beauty and the variety of subject
matter. In 1961, her three-week exhibition in the Floral
Display House was the first ever held at the Garden,
sponsored by the Members in order to encourage
area artists to use the Garden as an artistic resource.

A reception formally opening the exhibit will be
held from 3-5 p.m. on Sunday, June 11, in the Floral
Display House.

woh tek

KMOX-TV (Continued from Page 1)

ting of the Mediterranean House. Segments which
followed included a lengthy interview with Dr. Raven
concerning the Garden’s current programs and fu-
ture plans; the Climatron ballet; and color videotape
“cuts” of the Japanese Garden, the English Wood-
land Garden and Tower Grove House.

“Problems, of course, tend to stick in your mind
long after the show is over,” said Mrs. Flowers. “But,
in fact, they were overcome through the incredible
competence and quick thinking of the KMOX-TV
production team. What should stick in our minds is
the interesting and informative 60 minutes of pro-
gramming which were put together by the Garden
and by KMOX.”

The MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN BULLETIN ts published

12 issues per year monthly by the Missouri Botanical Garden,
2345 Tower Grove Avenue, St. Louis, Mo. 63110. Second class
postage paid at St. Louis, Mo. $5.00 per year. $6.00 foreign

The Garden in Israel

During February and March of this year, Dr.
Marshall Crosby of the Garden’s botany department
visited Israel. The purpose of this visit was several-
fold: since Dr. Crosby is collaborating in the Mosses
of Israel project, it was important for him to see Is-
raeli mosses growing in the field to gain a better
understanding of them. Also, since he has 15 years’
experience collecting mosses, he could help his Is-
raeli collaborators perfect the collecting techniques,
both from the point of view of where to look for mos-
ses and how best to treat the specimens. Finally, Dr.
Crosby was to discuss progress already made on the
project and plan for the next year’s work.

In October, 1976, the Garden began a joint re-
search project with the Hebrew University,
Jerusalem. Its goal is to publish a book describing,
discussing, and illustrating the mosses of Israel. The
first phase of the project brought Dr. Ilana Herrnstadt
from Hebrew University to St. Louis for nine months
of study and training, using the Garden’s herbarium
and library resources as well as moss specimens
brought by her from Israel. During this period several
collectors were gathering additional specimens in
various parts of Israel under the direction of Prof.
Clara Heyn, who is also collaborating in the project.

Israel is not thought of as a particularly “mossy”
place. Mark Twain described the area as “forbidden
desolation” when he visited there. However, mosses
are adaptable plants, and about 160 species have
been catalogued from Israel. Since the beginning of
the Garden project, about 40 which were not previ-
ously known from the country have been identified.
Thus, there are probably about 200 kinds in the
country, most of them also occurring in Europe but
with a significant number from more eastern (Asiatic)
or southern (African) areas.

A good example of how much is yet to be

learned about the mosses of Israel and why the
project is being carried out in a cooperative fashion
are the collections made by Dr. Crosby and his col-
leagues at David’s Spring, near Ein Gedi, about 25
km (15 miles) southeast of Jerusalem, on the Dead
Sea, and therefore about 380 meters (1150 feet)
below sea level. The area around this oasis is de-
sert, inhabited by scattered shrubs and very few
mosses. Near the spring six mosses were collected.
They were studied in the herbarium at Hebrew Uni-
versity, and three were identified as previously
known from Israel, while one represented a new re-
cord for the flora. The remaining two could not be
identified using the literature and collections avail-
able in Jerusalem, but they clearly have not previ-
ously been reported from Israel and apparently do
not occur in Europe or nearby Middle Eastern coun-
tries. Duplicates will be sent to St. Louis and perhaps
to specialists in England and Buffalo, New York, for
additional study.

The few kinds of mosses around David's Spring
were very abundant and clearly important in the local
ecosystem. Some of them help bind the soil to-
gether, slowing erosion and providing seedbeds for
flowering plants. Others occur in calcium rich water-
falls and contribute to the formation of tufa, a soft,
friable calcareous rock.

The U.S.-lsrael Binational Science Foundation
recently announced in Jerusalem that it will support
this worthwhile project for the next three years. The
first years’ funding will be 183,000 Israeli pounds, or
about $11,500. The grant, made to Hebrew Univer-
sity with Drs. Heyn, Herrnstadt and Crosby as co-
principal investigators, will provide funds for salaries,
field work and technical services in Israel.

When this joint research project is completed,
we will have contributed to a better understanding of
what kinds of mosses occur in Israel, where they
occur and what they do there.

Dr. Gentry Returns

From Brasilia

Dr. Al Gentry of the Garden staff has recently
returned from Brasilia where he attended the second
Latin American Botanical Congress and an executive
meeting of the Flora Neotropica Organization.

Dr. Gentry has been elected recently to the
executive board of Flora Neotropica and, at the
Brasilia meeting, was selected as the board's secre-
tary for the next three years. Selection of a Garden
staff member as a director of this international organi-
zation is another indication of the worldwide esteem
accorded the Garden's expertise in tropical botany.

Two other Garden staff members — Dr. Thomas
Croat and Dr. William D’Arcy — are also actively in-
volved in the Flora Neotropica Organization and are
members of its Commission.

James Reed Elected
Library Network Director

James Reed, the Garden’s head librarian, was
elected a director-at-large of the new St. Louis Mis-
souri Regional Library Network at the organization's
first annual meeting. As a director, Mr. Reed will be
working closely with other librarians throughout the
metropolitan area to improve present library services
and to develop new services and programs for library
patrons in the city of St. Louis and in the Missouri
counties of Franklin, Gasconade, Jefferson, St.
Charles, St. Louis and Warren. Among the many
projects the new Regional Network may consider are
such activities as improving delivery services among
area libraries, developing an on-line bibliographic
data base of library holdings, coordinating acquisi-
tions programs among libraries and making access to
collections easier for library patrons.

3

Platycerium grande

There are about seventeen species of large,
spreading or droopy epiphytic (air loving) ferns of the
tropics and subtropics that are identified by the name
Staghorn Fern. The selection of the month for the
Wardian Case is a very special member of this group
— Platycerium grande.

Collected between 1836 and 1840 on the island
of Luzon in the Philippines by H. Cummings, P
grande has always been a collector’s oddity. Prized
for its unusually ornate sterile frond formations unlike
those of other platyceriums, the fern has commanded
much attention for the limited time it has been com-
mercially available. The fertile fronds resemble stag
antlers; the sterile fronds act as anchors, securing the
plant to whatever it is growing on. Its epiphytic
characteristics make it a perfect subject for hanging
baskets, plaque or log culture.

Ideally, P grande prefers high humidity and high
light levels. It will perform quite well in any well lighted
room that has 40 to 50 per cent humidity. Water
should be applied to yield an evenly moist condition at
all times.

The Plant Shop, retailing daily from 10 a.m. to
4:30 p.m., has a fine selection of small plants in four-
inch pots ready for mounting or transplanting.

Telephone Pioneers
Rake and Dig for a Day

More than 90 Telephone Pioneers contributed
more than six hours of their time to numerous outdoor
tasks throughout the Garden on Saturday, April 22.
Many entire families were represented and could be
seen raking leaves in the rose garden, digging up
Spent bulbs in front of the John S. Lehmann Building,
digging up sod.

The tireless efforts of these volunteers are most
appreciated by all.

4

Volume One of New Series
Published by Garden

How many species of vascular plants are there in
North America? An approximate answer to this ques-
tion and others related to the flora North America are
contained in the first volume of a new series of publi-
cations by the Garden — Monographs in Systematic
Botany.

This 200-page volume is entitled “A Provisional
Checklist of Species for Flora North America (re-
vised)” and was edited by S. G. Shetler and L. E.
Skog of the Smithsonian Institution. The societal and
scientific need for a general information system con-
cerning the native and naturalized plants of North
America is recognized by the botanical community,
and this publication is a means to that end. The provi-
sional list will be scrutinized and revised by botanists
with the goal of producing an authoritative inventory
of the flora North America.

How many species of vascular plants? Accord-
ing to Monographs in Systematic Botany: 16,274.

gee
be
i

A
RES

rn pe.
Mrs. Erna Eisendrath, long-time Garden supporter and teacher at
Washington University, autographs her recently-published book,
Missouri Wildflowers of the St. Louis Area, during an author's session
in the Floral Display House.

=

SEB MEETING JUNE 11-14

The annual meeting of the Society for
Economic Botany will be held at the Garden
June 11-14, featuring a symposium entitled “The
Role of the Botanical Garden in the Exploration
for Useful Plants,” and a lecture by the Distin-
guished Economic Botanist for 1978. There will
also be sessions for contributed papers, and a
number of field trips and social activities. The
meeting is being coordinated by Dr. Thomas
Croat of the Garden staff.

Gardening in St. Louis

ERM ES Rott

This is a busy month in the garden. Plan to work
in the garden early in the morning or early in the
evening when temperatures are cooler. It is important
when watering to water plants heavily, equal to about
two inches of rain so that watering only every 10 to 14
days is sufficient. This is much preferred to a light
daily watering. When spraying plants for insect or
disease control, avoid spraying when temperatures
are above 85°. Spraying in the early morning is ideal;
however, spraying also can be done in early evening
if the plants dry off before night sets in. In spraying or
dusting, make sure that the underside of the leaves
are covered first and then cover the tops of the
leaves. For spider mites on roses, one should use
Kelthane alternated with Omite for best control, apply-
ing the spray once every three days for at least four
applications.

Mulching

All plants should have additional mulch applied
over what was put on a year ago. Clean areas
thoroughly of weeds before applying the mulch.
Azaleas, rhododendrons, hollies and other acid-
loving plants should not be cultivated around the base
because they are surface rooting. Cover with a good
mulch to control weeds and moisture. A feeding of a
balanced fertilizer such as a 5-10-5 or cottonseed
meal with superphosphate is beneficial. If the leaves
of azaleas or rhododendrons are a light, yellow green
in color, the addition of iron chelate and Epsom salts
at the rate of one tablespoon per gallon of water
applied at the rate of one gallon for every six inches of
plant height will help to correct this situation and will
also insure that plants harden off next fall.

Lightly cultivate around the base of roses and
feed with liquid fertilizer to increase their vigor. Some
pruning of weak growth may be necessary to insure
sturdier canes and better flowering throughout the
balance of the summer. Spray for mildew and black
spot at regular intervals, especially after any heavy
rain. Phaltan alternated with Acti-dione is ideal for
this control.

Dividing Mums

Chrysanthemums can still be divided, setting out
single shoots, pinching the top back to insure bushi-
ness, applying regular feedings of fertilizer at two-
week intervals. Keeping the plants moderately moist
will insure good fall bloom. Gladiolus can be planted
at two-week intervals up to and including early July.
Annuals may still be planted in various areas of the
garden. Seedlings sown direct can be moved on a
cloudy day; water them in well using a liquid fertilizer
at half the recommended strength to offset the shock
in transplanting. Protect them from full sun the first
couple of days. Pinch annuals to encourage branch-
ing out and compactness. Oriental poppies and
bleeding hearts can be transplanted now. Dig up the
plants with as much root intact as possible, cut roots

into two to three inch sections and plant covering
about an inch deep. New plants will soon form, and
flower the following spring.

Crabgrass Control

A second application of pre-emergent for crab-
grass should be applied by mid June to give complete
control during the summer months. Crabgrass that
was not controlled earlier can be sprayed with a
post-emergent recommended for crabgrass control.
Apply when there is little or no wind, being careful not
to get it on any other plants. Use a separate sprayer
for weed control, because it is almost impossible to
wash this out and use it for other purposes without
killing them as well.

Aluminum foil placed underneath squash and
Cucumber vines will reflect light underneath the
leaves and will help to control squash bugs, which
prefer dark areas. Little or no spraying is required
when the aluminum foil is used. Small rocks placed
on the edges will keep it in place.

The tops of tulips, daffodils and other spring
flowering bulbs can now be removed to within one-
half inch of ground level, because the plants will have
made enough nourishment for flowering next year.
Lawn areas where bulbs have been planted, once the
tops are cut down, can be fertilized to help stimulate
greener grass.

Vegetables

Many of the warm crop vegetable plants, such as
beans, cucumbers, squash and tomatoes, can still be
planted in the garden. Prepare ground well and either
plant small plants or sow seed direct.

Inspect indoor houseplants to make sure they
are free of spider and other insects. Apply liquid fer-
tilizer periodically to keep them in good condition.
Occasional pinching to control the growth and shape
of the plants will be necessary. Avoid overwatering at
this time of year and keep plants out of the direct
drafts of air conditioners. Those who have room can
move plants outdoors, if this has not already been
done. Check areas where they are placed to be sure
they are free of slugs and insects. These plants
should be fed at regular intervals and pinched to en-
courage good growth and good shape.

— Robert J. Dingwall
Chief Horticulturist

Fruit Garden Planted

A new demonstration fruit garden has been
planted in the northwest area of the Garden featur-
ing dwarf fruit trees and in the future other small fruits
as well. Some of these trees will be espaliered.

The trees are a gift of Stark Brothers Nurseries
and Orchard Co. of Louisiana, Missouri. The Garden
is grateful for the gift because this new feature will be
of great interest to Garden visitors. The orchard will
be supplemented by a complete vegetable garden.

5

Members Invited
‘Down Under’

The Garden will sponsor a Members’ trip to New
Zealand, Australia, and Tahiti — that unbelieveable
land “down under” — from Nov. 3-25. The tour will be
escorted by Dr. Marshall Crosby, director of research
at the Garden. Local horticultural groups will host the
members at private gardens and homes not ordinarily
on public view.

Highlights of the tour include a Milford Sound
cruise and visits to an Australian sheep station and
Rotorua’s thermal wonderland.

Deluxe hotel accommodations will be featured.
For further information, please call Montclair Travel at
314/367-3000, or the Garden, 314/772-7600, ext. 25.

Magnet School Red Ribbon

Fourth grade No. 209 at the Stix Magnet School
has won a red ribbon in the Monsanto Post-Dispatch
Science Fair for their class project: “Under Which
Conditions do Plants Grow Best?”

Mrs. Dolores Pepple and her students designed
this experiment, with materials and assistance from
the Garden’s Education Department, in connec-
tion with the Magnet School Project. In the class-
room, the students designed the experiment to in-
clude 12 different conditions under which the
peperomia might grow. Some of the conditions tried
were upside down, in darkness, suspended in mid-
air, with lots of water and near the heater. As a result
of their experimentation, the students decided that
the peperomia and plants in general do best in fresh
air and sunlight with soil and water.

MEMBERSHIP — APRIL 1978

HENRY SHAW ASSOCIATES

Mr./Mrs. Howard F. Baer
Mr./Mrs. Joseph H. Bascom
Mr. Waison K. Blair

Mrs. Watson K. Blair

Mr./Mrs. G. A. Buder, Jr.
Mr./Mrs. Sam'l C. Davis
Mr./Mrs. Guy W. Fiske, Jr.

Mr. James H. Howe, III
Mr./Mrs. Stanley F. Jackes
Mrs. John V. Janes

Mrs. Irene C. Jones

Dr./Mrs. H. Kendig

Mrs. John S. Lehmann
Mr./Mrs. James S. McDonnell, Jr.
Mrs. Florence T. Morris

Mr. Spencer T. Olin

Mr./Mrs. W. R. Orthwein, Jr.
Mrs. Howard E. Ridgway
Mr./Mrs. Frederic M. Robinson
Mrs. Gladney Ross

Mr. S. C. Sachs

Mr./Mrs. Daniel L. Schlafly
Mr./Mrs. Warren M. Shapleigh
Mr./Mrs. Sydney Shoenberg, Jr.

6

Mrs. Tom K. Smith Sr.
Mr./Mrs. Tom K. Smith, Jr.
Mr./Mrs. C. C. Johnson Spink
Mrs. Hermann F. Spoehrer
Mr. Jack L. Turner

Mrs. Ben H. Wells

Mr./Mrs. Richard K. Weil

DIRECTOR’S ASSOCIATES

Mr./Mrs. Alexander M. Bakewell
Mr. Clarence C. Barksdale
Mr./Mrs. David C. Farrell
Mr./Mrs. Eldridge Lovelace
Mr./Mrs. A. Timon Primm, II
Mr./Mrs. Robert A. Ridgway
Miss Harriet J. Tatman

Mr./Mrs. Harold E. Thayer

INCREASE IN MEMBERSHIPS
APRIL 1978
SPONSORING

Mrs. T. Randolph Potter
Mr./Mrs. Joseph E. Westerbeck

SUSTAINING

Mr./Mrs. William A. Frank
Dr./Mrs. Walter D. Kistler
Loy-Lange Box Company
Mr./Mrs. Herbert K. Moss
Mr./Mrs. Henry E. Rathert
Mr. John E. Renner

CONTRIBUTING

Dr./Mrs. David H. Alpers
Mr./Mrs. Robert L. Cary
Mr./Mrs. Wm. W. Halliday

Mr. R. L. Hovis, Jr.

Mr./Mrs. H. A. Markwort
Mr./Mrs. Roy L. Robbins
Mr./Mrs. John A. Semmelmeyer
Mr. L. R. Wentzel

NEW MEMBERSHIPS

SUSTAINING

Mrs. Alvin A. Diehr

Mrs. Clyde P. Dyer
Mr./Mrs. Marquis D. Hilbert
Mrs. Lyle W. Johnson

Mrs. John A. Latzer

Dr. James C. Vest

CONTRIBUTING

Mr. John P. Ansehl

Mr./Mrs. John H. Brooks
Mr./Mrs. F. Carl Burt

Ms. Irene Donahoe

Mr./Mrs. Larry J. Eisenkramer
Mrs. Florence M. Gabanski
Mr./Mrs. Alan G. Johnson
Mr./Mrs. Harold G. Lieberman
Mr./Mrs. Joseph A. McAllister
Mr. Robert L. Merideth
Mr./Mrs. Elmer G. Riek
Mr./Mrs. S. Rinaberger

Mr. Allen J. Theiler

Mr. H. E. Vahrenhorst
Dr./Mrs. Hugh R. Waters

REGULAR

Mr./Mrs. Harry Abrams

Ms. Vivian D. Adams

Ms. Donna Ahlert

Ms. Sherrill H. Akyol

Mrs. Mary Alba

Mr./Mrs. Joseph A. Albert
Mrs. Cleo S. Allen

Mr./Mrs. C. W. Allendoerfer
Mr. Joseph D. Ambro

Mr. Gunnard W. Anderson
Mr./Mrs. George H. Andrews
Mrs. Clola B. Ansley
Mr./Mrs. Charles N. Arend
Dixie Aronberg

Mr./Mrs. Harold J. Augustin
Mr./Mrs. David A. Augustynek
Mr./Mrs. Robert C. Babione
Mr./Mrs. B. J. Baebler

Mr. Robert Baer

Drs. Ranjit and Lata Bagwe
Mr./Mrs. M. H. Bailey

Mrs. Mary C. Baker

Mr./Mrs. Andrew R. Baldassare
Mr. William G. Barnhill
Mr./Mrs. Robert P. Barnidge
Mr. David Baron

Mr./Mrs. Louis Baruzzini

Mr./Mrs. Herman O. Bauermeister

Mr. W. A. Bay

Mr./Mrs. Barnett D. Bearman
Mr./Mrs. William J. Beattie Ill
Mr./Mrs. Robert E. Bechtold
Mr./Mrs. Albert Z. Becker
Mr./Mrs. Robert M. Bell
Mr./Mrs. Edward J. Belz
Mr./Mrs. George E. Bengard
Mrs. Florence A. Bennett

Mr. Milton Bennett

Mrs. H. W. Bentrup
Mr./Mrs. Robert Berg
Miss Eleanor A. Bergfeld
Mr. Burton C. Bernard

Misses Josephine & Catherine Berra

Dr./Mrs. Daniel R. Biello
Ms. Barbara Bitter

Mrs. Dorothy V. Blanchard
Ms. Donna Bodart

Mr. Phil G. Bolian

Mrs. John R. Bolin

Mr./Mrs. H. F. Boman
Mr./Mrs. A. P. Bonifas

Mrs. Bernice W. Bostick
Mr./Mrs. Martin A. Boudro
Mr./Mrs. John H. Brackbill
Miss Betty A. Bradley

Ms. Susan L. Bragg

Mr. Eldon V. Brandon
Mr./Mrs. Robert D. Bransford
Mr./Mrs. John A. Brereton
Mr. Richard L. Brewer
Mr./Mrs. Kenneth Bridgeroom
Mrs. Wm. M. Bridwell
Mr./Mrs. Robert J. Brockmeier
Cynthia L. Brooks

Mr. Montgomery F. Brooks
Mr. Kurt Brotherson

Mr./Mrs. George W. Brown
Mrs. Jewell Brown

Ms. Kathleen S. Brown
Mr./Mrs. Wm. A. Brown
Dr./Mrs. Robert M. Bruce
Mr./Mrs. Erwin O. Brueggeman
Mr. Nicholas P. Bruno

Ms. Ruth A. Bryant

Mr. E. Edward Buder
Dr./Mrs. William C. Burckhardt
Mrs. Roma S. Burks
Mr./Mrs. Luke J. Burns
Mr./Mrs. Elbert W. Burr
Mr./Mrs. Frank Bush

Mrs. John R. Buss

Mr./Mrs. Virgil J. Byrd
Mr./Mrs. Gerard M. Gallaghan
Mrs. Mary T. Carich

Miss Edna Carter

Ms. Mary Carter

Mrs. Louise Chauvin
Mr./Mrs. Frank Cheney, Sr.
Mr./Mrs. Robert Cignetti
Mr./Mrs. Michael L. Clement
Mr./Mrs. Alfred T. Clements
Mr./Mrs. Donald L. Cochran
Mr./Mrs. James B. Cochran
Mrs. Alice O. Coffman
Mr./Mrs. Sidney Cohen
Mr./Mrs. W. Milton Conrad
Mr./Mrs. Daniel G. Corrigan
Mr./Mrs. Fred M. Cotsworth
Mr./Mrs. Ralph Cox

Dr./Mrs. Philip E. Cryer
Mr./Mrs. Francis R. Curley
Mr./Mrs. H. M. Curran
Mr./Mrs. Milton L. Daugherty
Ms. Janet Dauwalter
Mr./Mrs. J. R. Davis
Mr./Mrs. Leo J. Davis
Mr./Mrs. Sam M. Deal
Mr./Mrs. Charles J. Debosek
Mr./Mrs. Geo. P. Deibel

Mrs. August J. Dennis
Mr./Mrs. Gary L. Densing
Mrs. Vernon R. DeWitt
Rabbi/Mrs. J. Diamond

Mr. Robert L. Dick

Mr./Mrs. T. H. Dinwiddie
Mrs. Frank E. Dolson
Mr./Mrs. James W. Donahoe
Mr./Mrs. Chas L. Doris
Mr./Mrs. L. William Dorr
Mr./Mrs. Patrick D. Dorsey
Mr./Mrs. B. C. Downs
Mr./Mrs. Russell P. Doyle
Mr./Mrs. Irvin Dubinsky
Dr./Mrs. Eugene W. Dunlap
Mr./Mrs. Eugene C. Eastman
Mrs. Ethel F. Eckles

Mr./Mrs. Geo. F. Edelen
Mr. Harold P. Eichorst
Mrs. Edwin S. Elder

Mr. Roger Elliott

Mr. G. J. Ellis

Mr. Larry T. Endraske
Miss Marilyn M. Eoickson
Ms. Elvera Erbs

Mrs. Wm. Ernst

Mr./Mrs. A. David Evans
Miss Diane Eydmann
Ms. Patricia A. Fanning
L. Fecarotta

Mr./Mrs. John M. Ferguson
Mr./Mrs. W. H. Ferguson
Mr./Mrs. James H. Fields
Dr./Mrs. H. H. Fingert
Dr./Mrs. Lewis C. Fischbein
Mr./Mrs. Hans H. Fischer
Mrs. Wilbur E. Fisher
Mr./Mrs. Frank Flinn
Mr./Mrs. C. D. Fogleman
Mr./Mrs. John W. Forbis
Mr./Mrs. Chester L. Fox
Mr./Mrs. Steve Frates
Mr./Mrs. Mathia L. Frick

Mr./Mrs. Robert Fulstone
Mrs. Regina Gagel

Mrs. Mary A. Gallatin
Mr./Mrs. Wm. H. Gantz

Mr. Lance Garrett

Mr./Mrs. Wm. M. Garrett
Mr./Mrs. James B. Gaughen
Janet Gentilini

Mr./Mrs. Charles W. Gentry
Dr./Mrs. Philip George
Mr./Mrs. Sam Gibson
Mr./Mrs. William E. Giese
Mr./Mrs. Robert F. Gill
Mr./Mrs. M. Jack Gillum
Mr./Mrs. August Gmachl
Mr./Mrs. John G. Goessling
Mr./Mrs. Jack Goldenberg
Mr. Steven H. Goldstein
Mr./Mrs. Morris Golman

Mr. Herbert Goodman
Dr./Mrs. H. A. Goodrich
Mr./Mrs. Keith C. Govra
Mr./Mrs. Michael P. Grady
Mr. E. W. Grafeman
Mr./Mrs. Roy F. Graham
Miss Helen M. Grandcolas
Dr. Gregory A. Grant

Mrs. Helen S. Grant

Mr. Robert W. Gray
Mr./Mrs. Robt. P. Green
Mr./Mrs. James F. Gregory
Mr./Mrs. Virgil V. Griffith
Mr./Mrs. Bernard B. Gross
Mr./Mrs. Erik D. Gruendler
Mr./Mrs. Geo. T. Guernsey III
Miss Catherine |. Gurganus
Mrs. Paul R. Halwe
Mr./Mrs. James E. Hamilton
Mrs. Oma R. Hamilton

Mr. Robert A. Hamilton, Jr.
Ms. Margaret R. Haring
Mr./Mrs. W. Paul Harper
Mr. J. S. Harrison

Mr./Mrs. E. F. Hartke
Mr./Mrs. Wm. H. Hayes

Mr. Paul W. Heaton
Mr./Mrs. Clifford B. Hebrank
Ms. Charlotte B. Hedgebeth
Mr./Mrs. Richard A. Heidbreder
Miss Lucille Heimburger
Sister Martha Heimer

Mr. W. H. Heinsohn
Mr./Mrs. Theobald H. Hemm
Mr./Mrs. Norman L. Henderson
Ms. Mary A. Hess

Ms. Emily Hessler

Mr./Mrs. R. E. Hille
Miss Shirley A. Hillebrand

Mr./Mrs. Frederick E. Hines
Mr. Thomas F. Hitchell
Mr./Mrs. Wilfred F. Hoelscher
Ms. Mary L. Hoevel

Mrs. Harry L. Hofmeister
Mr. R. G. Hohnsbeen

Mr. James W. Holcroft

Ms. Elaine Hood

Rev. Dr./Mrs. Alvin H. Horst
Mr./Mrs. Jesse Horstman
Mr./Mrs. Stanley N. Horton
Mr./Mrs. Fred Houska

Miss Ann Hubel

Mr./Mrs. Robt. G. Huber

Mr. Fred P. Hubert

Dr./Mrs. William Huffaker
Mrs. Barbara Huffstot
Dr./Mrs. Albert M. Huggins
Mrs. R. Gladys Hughes
Mr./Mrs. Robt. A. Humber
Mr./Mrs. Jack Hunstein

Mr. D. R. Hurtgen

Ms. Jane Hurtt

Mr./Mrs. Donald Hutson
Mr./Mrs. Clinton U. Imboden
Mrs. Milton R. Israel

Mrs. Disney Jacobs
Mr./Mrs. Adolph Jacobsmeyer
Mr. Edward G. Jacoby
Mr./Mrs. S. Kumar Jain
Mr./Mrs. Norman C. Jamieson
Mr./Mrs. Richard Janis

Mr. Roy St. Jean

Mr. A. C. Jecklin, Jr.

Miss Norma F. Jenner
Mr./Mrs. George Wm. Jewett
Mr./Mrs. Rodney J. Jobb
Mr./Mrs. W. B. Johannsen

Dr./Mrs. H. Russell Johnston, Jr.

Ms. Doris Jones

Mrs. James B. Jones
Mr./Mrs. John Jordan

Ms. Vera B. Jordan

Mrs. E. A. Jungclaus

Mr. James J. Kaluza

Dr. Owen S. Kantor
Mr./Mrs. John Katsaras

Mr. David Keifer

Mr.Albert W. Keiser

Miss Ethel E. Keller
Mr./Mrs. Fred Keller
Mr./Mrs. Gus V. Keller

Miss Carolyn Ann Kelley
Mr./Mrs. Paul C. Kelly
Mr./Mrs. P. J. Kiefer
Mr./Mrs. Mathew Klasskin
Mr./Mrs. Walter R. Klostermeier
Mr./Mrs. Robert A. Klote
Mrs. Warren F. Knapp
Mr./Mrs. Fred F. Knelange
Mrs. Rosemary Knight
Mr./Mrs. Joseph Knopf
Mr./Mrs. Paul J. Koenig
Mr./Mrs. Jack Kopolow

Ms. Diane M. Korte

Mr. Donald B. Kountz
Mr./Mrs. Jonathan H. Kramer
Mr./Mrs. Ronald E. Krebs
Mr./Mrs. Raymond G. Kuecker
Mr. Todd G. Kukuck
Mr./Mrs. Edwin A. Kurtz
Mr./Mrs. Vincent Kutzera
Mrs. William H. Laird
Mr./Mrs. Joseph R. Lakowski
Mr./Mrs. Robert E. LaMear
Mr./Mrs. Lee Lampert

Mrs. J. E. Landes

Mr./Mrs. Irvin H. Landwehr
Mr./Mrs. Kenneth Langsdorf
Mr. Paul LaVista

Mr. Kenneth Lawrence
Mr./Mrs. Ernest Leazer
Mr./Mrs. Guy Lemcoe
Mr./Mrs. Eugene B. Lentz
Mr. O. W. Leonard

Mr./Mrs. Michael Leonardelli
Mr. Jack Lewis

Mr./Mrs. John E. Lillicrap
Ms. Constance Linck
Dr./Mrs. Albert L. Lindel

Mr. Kent Lion

Mr./Mrs. Emil J. Lipic

Mrs. Martin J. Lipic

Mr./Mrs. Charles Lippert
Dr./Mrs. Michael B. Lippmann
Mr. C. G. Lochmann

Mr. Daniel N. Logan

Dr. Linda C. Loney

Mr./Mrs. Barry E. Loughrane
Ms. Jane Louzader

Mr./Mrs. Lloyd Lueschaw
Mrs. Katherine K. Lukefahr
Alicia K. Lydon

Mrs. Harry Lynch

Mrs. Kathleen Lyons
Mr./Mrs. Ronald L. Madi
Mr./Mrs. James L. Magee
Alice Martin

Mr./Mrs. Allen F. Martin, Jr.
Mr. Thomas B. Martin

Mr. E. L. Massey

Mrs. Carroll S. Mastin
Mr./Mrs. N. D. Matsakis

Mr./Mrs. L. Churchill Matthews, Jr.

Mr. John E. Max

Mr./Mrs. Peter McAdams
Mr./Mrs. Dennis M. McCaffrey
Mrs. Joan P. McCartney
Mr./Mrs. Donald t. McClanahan
Mr./Mrs. Haywood McClendon
Ms. Katherine F McGhee
Mr./Mrs. James S. Mclver
Mr./Mrs. Bernard F. McMahon
Mr. P. J. McMillon

Rev. M. B. McNamee
Mr./Mrs. Francis D. McVey
Mr./Mrs. John J. Meier Ill
Mr./Mrs. Robert G. Meiners
Mr./Mrs. James R. Mendillo
Mr./Mrs. Gary A. Mestman
Mr. Andrew S. Meyer

Mr. Paul W. Meyer, Jr.
Mr./Mrs. Grover Myers
Mr./Mrs. Emil A. Milisci

Mr. Steven Mintz

Mr./Mrs. Gary A. Mitchell
Mr./Mrs. Stephen D. Mitchell
Mr./Mrs. Ira L. Mobbs

Mrs. L. J. Monson

Mrs. Fred E. Moore, Jr.
Mr./Mrs. Gary E. Moore
Mr./Mrs. Peter W. Moore
Mr./Mrs. H. E. Morris
Mr./Mrs. Raymond O. Morris
Mr. Hugh Morrison, Jr.

Miss Mary E. Morrison
Mr./Mrs. Richard K. Morse
Mrs. Goldia Moseley

Mrs. Merle M. Mueller

Mrs. Marion Muir

Dr./Mrs. Charles M. Muran
Mr./Mrs. George R. Murray
Mrs. Nelson T. Murray
Mr./Mrs. W. T. Myrick
Dr./Mrs. James E. Neff

Mrs. Ralph R. Neuhoff
Mr./Mrs. William T. Newton
Mr./Mrs. Robert B. Nichols
Mr./Mrs. H. F. Niedringhaus III
Mrs. Lucille Nienhaus
Mr./Mrs. Charles E. Niesen
Mr./Mrs. Charles Nobby
Mr./Mrs. Robert A. North
Mr./Mrs. Martin Oberman
Mr./Mrs. Melville A. Ochsner
Mr. Brian R. O'Leary
Mr./Mrs. Edward L. O'Neill
Mr./Mrs. L. V. Onkeles
Mr./Mrs. Jules B. Orabka
Mr./Mrs. R. N. Orms
Mr./Mrs. David E. Orr
Mr./Mrs. James B. Orthwein
Mr./Mrs. Marvin J. Ortwerth
Mrs. Marie C. Otis

Judy Ottinger

Mrs. Kenneth S. Otto
Mr./Mrs. Don Overall

Miss C. Frances Palazzolo
Mr. Don L. Palmer

Mrs. Marjorie M. Parent

Ms. D. Diana Patty

Mr./Mrs. Richard B. Patty
Mr./Mrs. Robert L. Payne
Ms. Beverly G. Pederson
Mr./Mrs. Thomas R. Pellett
Mr./Mrs. Clyde Perry
Mr./Mrs. William D. Phillips
Mr./Mrs. W. S. Pins

Mr./Mrs. George S. Plattenburg
Mr./Mrs. John E. Polonye
Mr./Mrs. Arthur F. Pond, Jr.
Mrs. E. Elsworth Post
Mr./Mrs. O. Neal Powers
Mr./Mrs. Walter L. Proske
Ms. Pat Prosser

Mr./Mrs. R. Roger Pryor
Mr./Mrs. Richard Purdy
Mr./Mrs. William Purdy

Mr. Robert C. Putnam, Sr.
Mr./Mrs. Trout Rader
Mr./Mrs. William C. Rainford
Mr./Mrs. John Rammacher
Ms. Anne Rankin

Dr./Mrs. M. S. Rao

Mr./Mrs. John Rapke
Mr./Mrs. Reed C. Rasmussen
Mr./Mrs. Phillip Reagan
Mr./Mrs. John J. Reed
Dr./Mrs. Lester T. Reese
Dr./Mrs. Wayne W. Reickig
Mrs. Patricia J. Rice

Ms. Mary E. Rich

Mrs. Helen L. Riechers
Mr./Mrs. John T. Riedel
Dr./Mrs. Quentin M. Ringenberg
Mrs. Willa F. Roberts
Mr./Mrs. W. M. Roberts, Jr.
Mrs. Robert B. Rodgers
Mrs. Joan Rosen

Mr./Mrs. Frank E. Ross
Mr./Mrs. Paul M. Ross
Mr./Mrs. Joseph M. Ruchs
Mr. Michael E. Rudorf
Mr./Mrs. Edward Charles Ruff
Mr./Mrs. Wm. |. Ruhe
Mr./Mrs. John E. Russell
Mr./Mrs. Dale E. Ruthsatz
Mr./Mrs. Chester Sableman
Mr./Mrs. Sala

Mr./Mrs. Robert A. Salasin
Mr. Scott Sale

Mr./Mrs. Jerry Salisbury
Mr./Mrs. F. X. Sandweg
Mr./Mrs. Stephen Sauer
Mr./Mrs. Charles L. Searborough
Ms. Lynn L. Schaefer
Mr./Mrs. W. A. Schaefer
Mr./Mrs. William J. Schaffnerr
Mrs. Ruby J. Scheihing
Mr./Mrs. Don M. Schlueter
Mr./Mrs. George M. Schmaeng
Miss Charlotte E. Schmidt
Mr./Mrs. E. W. Schoessel
Miss Teresa M. Schomaker
Ms. Eugena Schooley
Mr./Mrs. John Schroeder
Mr./Mrs. William F. Schroer
Mr./Mrs. James M. Schuck
Mr./Mrs. Alan C. Schuetz
Mr./Mrs. R. E. Schultz
Dr./Mrs. Benjamin Schwartz
Edward & Debbi Schwarz
Mr./Mrs. Edward B. See
Mr./Mrs. John L. Seifert
Mr./Mrs. Wm. Serbi

Mr./Mrs. Ray Shaffer

Mrs. Evelyn Shaver

Mrs. Jean A. Shaw

Mr. Thomas A. Shea, Jr.
Mr./Mrs. A. Patrick Sheahan
Charles & Wilma Sheppard

Member of
The Arts and Education
Fund of Greater St.Louis

Judith Sigala

Mr./Mrs. Richard T. Silverman
Mr./Mrs. Martin Silverstein
Miss Elaine M. Smith

Ms. Eleanor D. Smith

Ms. Joan F. Smith

Mr./Mrs. Raymond L. Smith
Mr. Roland Smith, Jr.

Mrs. Esther Soest

Mr./Mrs. John Solich

Mr. O. M. Spaid

Mr./Mrs. Geo. A. Speckert
Mr./Mrs. Randall Spurr
Miss Elsa Stabbert
Mr./Mrs. Donald E. Stech
Dr./Mrs. Thomas J. Stees
Mr./Mrs. Joseph Stefan

Mr. Jerome G. Stehlin
Mr./Mrs. Dale Steinback
Mr./Mrs. Frank Stevens
Mr./Mrs. John S. Stevens
Mr./Mrs. Charles L. Stewart
Mr. Ernest W. Stewart, Jr.

Mrs. Carl Stockstrom

Mr. Gregory L. Stone, Jr.

Ms. Jerri A. Stroud

Mr./Mrs. Eric Sturley

Mr./Mrs. Les St. Vrain

Miss Irene Sucher

Mr./Mrs. James B. Sullivan
Mr./Mrs. Frederick M. Switzer III
Mr. Einar M. Syvertsen
Mr./Mrs. Ronald Taube
Mr./Mrs. Robert Taveggia

Dr. Edgar C. Taylor

Mr./Mrs. Richard N. Thoelke
Dr./Mrs. M. Bryant Thompson
Mr. Ren A. Thompson
Mr./Mrs. Ralph R. Thomsen
Mr./Mrs. Shelby Thoroughman
Dr./Mrs. Manfred Thurmann
Mr./Mrs. Charles E. Trautwein
Mr./Mrs. Charles L. Turner
Ms. Eloise M. Turner

Mr./Mrs. Steven P. Turner
Mrs. Andrew Tyrpak

Mrs. J. R. Usher

Mr./Mrs. Kurt Vahle

Mr. Kenneth A. Van Buren
Mr./Mrs. Alex J. Van Der Tuin
Mr./Mrs. Mark VanScharrel
Mr./Mrs. Jan K. VerHagen
Mr./Mrs. Henry T. Vogt, Jr.
Mr./Mrs. T. P. Waechter
Mr./Mrs. Charles H. Wallace
Dr./Mrs. Richard C. Walters
Mr. John B. Warner, Jr.

Rev. Albert A. Wattler
Mr./Mrs. Alfred E. Weber
Mrs. Shirley J. Weber
Mr./Mrs. Fred Wehrenberg
Mrs. Joseph K. Weinman
Mr. Mark Weiss

Mr./Mrs. William V. Welsch
Mr./Mrs. Charles F. Wemhoener
Mr./Mrs. W. S. Westcott
Mr./Mrs. Eugene White

Dr. Pearl Schwartz White
Miss Deneen R. Whiteworth

Mr./Mrs. Thomas J. Wilhite
Mr./Mrs. O. H. Wilkening
Mr. Jack L. Williams

Mr. Thomas L. Williams
Mr. Maurice R. Wilson
Mr./Mrs. F. E. Wisely
Mr./Mrs. Dale Wisniewski
Dorothy Woehlke

Mr./Mrs. Carl A. Woepke
Mr./Mrs. E. Wolfe

Mr./Mrs. Robert A. Wolk
Mr./Mrs. George R. Wood
Mr./Mrs. Joseph A. Wotka
Mr. Robert L. Wynne
Mr./Mrs. Harold Yeager
Dr./Mrs. Richard D. Yoder
Ms. April L. Young
Mr./Mrs. Kenneth L. Young
Mrs. Eileen A. Younggren
Mr./Mrs. James R. Yust
Mr./Mrs. Jack Zemel

Mrs. Marjorie S. Zilm
Mr./Mrs. Norman Zimmerman

APRIL TRIBUTES

In Honor of

Mrs. and Mrs. Norman Bierman’s

Anniversary
Mr./Mrs. Gilbert Early, Jr.

In Honor of

Mr. and Mrs. Menifee Bullock’s

50th Anniversary
Anna Mae Wiedemann

In Honor of August H. Homeyer’s

Birthday
Mrs. John R. Ruhoff

In Honor of
Mr. and Mrs. Max Kramer’s
Marriage

Mr./Mrs. Elmer Abramson

In Honor of

Mr. and Mrs. Harry Lavanthal’s

Wedding
Mr./Mrs. Chester A. Steiner

In Honor of

Mrs. George D. Stout’s 80th Birthday

Elizabeth Golterman

In Honor of John H. Timken’s Birthday

Lois M. Timken

In Honor of The Tribute Fund
Jeanne Carnighan

T. L Casey

Dr. Tony M. Deeths

V. Goedecke

Jay and Anna Hatton
Mr./Mrs. John C. Heisler
Robert V. E. Martin

Mr./Mrs. William J. Scanlan
Mr./Mrs. Charles T. Spalding
Tom and Dorothy Staples

In Memory of Mrs. William Armstrong

Nellie C. Meier

In Memory of Mrs. James L. Benepe
Dr./Mrs. William S. Costen

In Memory of Walter C. Berkemeyer
Mrs. W. C. Berkemeyer

In Memory of Mrs. Howard Bridges
Enola and Harvey Hofmeister

In Memory of Edward Cissel, Jr.
Mary and Tom Donohue

In Memory of Rose M. Donati
Dr. R. M. Donati

In Memory of
Sister Mary Frances Fitzgerald
Don, Joanne, and Coleen Strathearn

In Memory of Mrs. George Hasegawa

Mr./Mrs. Yuki Rikimaru

In Memory of Mrs. William B. Ittner
Dr./Mrs. E. R. Roeder

In Memory of Margo Jester
Mrs. E. R. Culver, Jr.

In Memory of Miss Eloise Jones
Mr./Mrs. James Mellow
Mr./Mrs. Hugh Roberts

In Memory of Helen and
John Joynt
Mr./Mrs. Arthur F. Boettcher, Jr.

In Memory of Mrs. Ethel Kuebler
Anna Mae Weidemann

In Memory of Mrs. Oscar Lamy
Nellie C. Meier

In Memory of Mrs. Verena Lamy
Mr./Mrs. William H. Charles

In Memory of Mrs. Charles Leppe
Mr. C. C. Johnson Spink

In Memory of
Mrs. Stuart M. Mertz
Mr./Mrs. A. Clifford Jones

In Memory of Mother
Michael and Lois Weigert

In Memory of Frances T. Nagel
Mr./Mrs. Edward Heichelbech

In Memory of Mr. Edward A. O'Neal
Nellie C. Meier

In Memory of Mrs. Dan B. Owsley
Mr./Mrs. Charles W. Lorenz

In Memory of Mrs. Elvin Popper
Mr./Mrs. Meyer Levy

In Memory of William Renfro
Mr./Mrs. John Parsons & Family

In Memory of
Mr. and Mrs. J. G. Taylor Spink
Mr. C. C. Johnson Spink

In Memory of Miss Patricia Stone
Dr./Mrs. Kenneth J. Lissant

In Memory of Edward F. and
Rose M. Weber

Mr./Mrs. Loren M. Knowles

In Memory of Stanley Weiss
Mr./Mrs. Ellis C. Littmann

In Memory of Robert C. Wilder
Miss Regina M. Wilder

In Memory of Mrs. John J. Wolfe
Mr./Mrs. Charles L. Tooker

In Memory of Mr. Sam T. Woods
Mr./Mrs. E. Ray Pienaar

MISSOURI! BOTANICAL GARDEN BULLETIN

2345 Tower Grove Avenue
Saint Louis, Missouri 63110

SECOND CLASS
POSTAGE

PAID
AT ST. LOUIS, MO.

Botanical
Garden
Bulletin

Let The Flowers Speak

ESS re acer: USE REAP PRATT EAI FLITE.

Christmas in July? See
Page 4.

PART Po) RRO A IRIN OTL INTENTS OO EEO ITT TE CRED

Plants: The Garden's Silent Teachers

One of the principal differences between a botan-
ical garden and a floral display, as witnessed, for
example, in a public park, is that a botanical garden
boasts of an educational program. At the Missouri
Botanical Garden, many educational projects are in
operation, including those maintained by the Educa-
tion Department and those related to the herbarium,
the library, the Arboretum and the answer man
system.

Ofttimes forgotten, however, is another educa-

es! :
. 1 te A

lA.

tional aspect of the Garden: the plants themselves.

Though silent, majestic and anchored to the
ground, they carry messages and have histories di-
verse and awesome. The poet William Cullen Bryant
suggested how man is affected by living things when
he said: “To him who in the love of nature holds com-
munion with her visible saints, she speaks a various
language.”

It is not the place here to explore the fact that
man and his plants are protoplasmic, both formed of
(Continued on Page 2)

The path to the Linnaean
House, an educational
adventure with the plants
themselves as silent
teachers of botany and

' history.

Volume LXVI Number 7
July 1978

LET THE FLOWERS SPEAK . .. (Continued from Page 1)

the same elemental biological stuff. Here we want to
sidestep such philosophy and take a casual peek at
the treasurehouse of information concerning the
plants growing on the grounds of Henry Shaw's
dream: the Missouri Botanical Garden.

Let's imagine entering the main gate of the Gar-
den and veering to the right toward the Rose Garden
and the Linnaean House. The first plant encountered
is the ginkgo tree, bizarre of shape, its leaves verdant
in summer and golden in fall, with fan-shaped leaves
resembling those of the maidenhair fern. Thus the
ginkgo carries the common name “Maidenhair Tree’.
This stately giant is a living fossil, the only survivor of
ginkgo dropouts in geological time’s inexorable win-
nowing process. It no longer lives in the natural pro-
tective forests of the Orient. The tender loving care
received as a revered species is the secret of its per-
petuation.

Above the ginkgo, a shingle oak towers toward
the sky. Its wood was and is used in the manufacture
of shingles. Beyond, beside the path, is a hawthorn
tree, the official flowering plant of the State of Mis-
souri. Glancing at the ground we see the prostrate
groundcover plant, the lesser periwinkle, its pink
flowers like a neon light shimmering over a sea of
dark leaves. Who would ever imagine that it and its
relative, the Madagascar periwinkle, have caused a
Sensation in medical laboratories seeking to unlock
the secrets of cancer control!

Faced with the vista of the Garden’s principal
rose display, many thoughts enter our minds: how the
early Christians saw the rose as a symbol of Roman
debauchery because the pagans floated rose petals
atop their wine during their bacchanalia. This idea
has fortunately melted away, with common sense dic-
tating that beauty is beautiful and only the abuse is
intolerable. Many oldsters will recall the seasonal
“rose-fever” caused by the air-borne pollen from the
old-fashioned open faced roses, plaguing the re-
Spiratory tract. The development of many varieties
with petals tightly closed and blocking such migration,
has brought much relief.

Corners frequently hide the most interesting
things, including plants. Facing the Linnaean House
and turning our eyes to the right where stone wall
meets stone wall at the northeast corner, we see a
shrub almost reaching the summit of the wall. Ap-
proaching it, we come face to face with the vicious
spines arming the twigs. The tree bears fruits unmis-
takably related to the orange. The question is: how is
this relative of the orange able to survive the icicles of
the St. Louis winter? The answer is that plants, like
people, learn to adapt to a strange climate.

To the right of the tree, in summer and fall, is an
annual herb, the castor bean, here remote from the
warmer climes it calls home, yet capable of flowering
and fruiting in the local heat. The castor bean is a
Saga in itself. Some of us recall the horror of having to
2

swallow castor oil as a cathartic. The seed contains
one of the most powerful poisons in nature: ricin,
which fortunately is removed from the cathartic. The
same castor oil was used by the ancient Egyptians in
painting their mummy cases. Quality items have a
way of surviving: the same oil is used in the space
age as a topflight lubricant for delicate instruments.

As we walk along the path adjacent to the wall, a
paeony in full flower meets the eye. Among the an-
cient Greeks, the paeony was sacred to the supreme
deity, Apollo. By a strange twist in ideas, the word
paean or hymn of praise arises from this association
of the flower with the god.

Entering the Linnaean House, especially in the
late winter, the visitor is immediately attracted to the
camellia shrub. These are bedecked with white and
pink blossoms against a backdrop of green lustrous
leaves. When frost coats the greenhouse glass these
bring welcome relief to the drabness of winter. The
genus name, Camellia, commemorates a 17th cen-
tury foreign missionary, Georg Kamel, reminding us of
how many men of the cloth have been associated
with the history of botany. Gracing the entrance to the
Linnaean House is a statue of Carolus Linnaeus, the
greatest of all plant classifiers. This Swedish physi-
cian of the 18th Century reminds us also of how many
medical men have contributed to the science of
botany.

In the formal garden outside the Linnaean House
the gas plant with its pink spire of flowers rises to
waist height. It is also called the “burning bush,” a
name suggestive of the alchemy of plants. When the
weather is dry and hot, it yields an inflammable oil
that bursts into flame in the presence of a lighted
match. “The flame is not brilliant,” Kenneth Peck
points out, “but resembles the last flicker of flames
arising from the brandy in a Cherry Jubilee.”

Not far away is the deadly aconite plant, a close
relative of the delphinium, an ancient habitue of the
alchemist’s den. Its hooded blue flowers suggest the
cowls worn by medieval monks. The invisible root is
probably the most toxic part of a flowering plant
known to man, a root implicated in stories of witches’
potions and vampire bats in the shadowy Carpathian
Mountains.

In the center of the formal garden is the Baptisia
plant, whose white butterfly-shaped blossoms signal
that it is a legume. Bumblebees, using the lower pet-
als as a landing platform, forage within the flowers for
the sweet juices, at the same time picking up loads of
pollen destined for their hives, or discharging pollen
for the host flowers. Here in dramatic fashion is de-
monstrated the interdependence in nature of plants

and animals. As we glance closely at the stem of the
(Continued on Page 3)

The MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN BULLETIN is published

12 issues per year monthly by the Missouri Botanical Garden,
2345 Tower Grove Avenue, St. Louis, Mo. 63110. Second class
postage paid at St. Louis, Mo. $5.00 per year $6.00 foreign

Dracaena deremensis

Dracaena deremensis ‘Warneckei’ will grow to
15 feet in height. It is a variety which will tolerate low
light conditions and some neglect. This variety has
eight to 12 inch stiff, swordlike gray-green leaves
with white stripes.

The Plant Shop has a large selection of these
plants in different sizes. The Shop retails daily from
10 a.m. to 4:30 p.m., seven days a week.

LET THE FLOWERS SPEAK ... (Continued from Page 2)

Baptisia plant we see traces of natural blackness.
This is indigo dye, once so valuable in the commerce
of the world.

As we pass through the stone arch, moving in
the direction of the Floral Display House, the Ameri-
can holly, its glossy deep green and spiny-margined
leaves glistening in the sun, serves as a reminder that
nature has placed rigid limitations sex-wise on certain
plants. For these are male trees, unable to produce
the glistening red berries so highly prized in Christ-
mas wreaths! Across the mall and guarding the entr-
ance to the Display House are the female counter-
parts, in season bedecked with the familiar fruits. And
yet these reminders of the Christmas season cannot
form unless the invisible pollen from the male flowers
drifts across.

Our little journey has been short, perhaps no
more than 500 yards from the main gate, and yet so
much to see! How many more exciting messages
from nature’s cornucopia lie in the Mediterranean
House, the Climatron, the Desert House and the vast
expanse of the Missouri Botanical Garden.

— John D. Dwyer
Research Associate

Jean Deken Named
Library Delegate

Governor Joseph Teasdale recently announced
the appointment of Jean Marie Deken as an official
delegate to the Governor's Conference on Library
and Information Services, to be held November 30
and December 1, 1978. Miss Deken, who serves as
Archivist and Cataloging Assistant in the Garden’s
Library, will serve with other delegates at the Gover-
nor’s Conference to address the many complex
issues facing the nation’s libraries: the role of com-
puter technology in libraries, the need for improved
funding of library programs, and the demands upon
libraries to collect non-traditional types of materials
and to offer new services to their clientele.

From those delegates attending the Governor's
Conference, a group will be selected to attend the
White House Conference on Library and Information
Services in 1979.

Shaw Birthday Party July 24

The herb garden adjacent to Tower Grove House
will be the site of a birthday celebration for the Gar-
den’s founder on Monday, July 24, from noon to 2
p.m. A large cake decorated with “Happy Birthday,
July 24, 1800, Henry Shaw” will be cut at 12:30 p.m.
Lemonade and cookies will be served and huge bal-
loons will decorate the area.

Cactus Society Show

The golden barrel cactus, one of hundreds of varieties which will
be on display for the Henry Shaw Cactus Society's annual show,
scheduled for August 26 through September 4 in the Floral
Display House.

Open Space Study
Completed by Garden

The Ecological Services Department has com-
pleted a major study of the plants in two open space
areas within the City of St. Louis. Under a $30,000
contract from the St. Louis Community Development
Agency, a survey was made of the plants in two sec-
tions of Forest Park and along four miles of open
space bordering the Mississippi River in north St.
Louis.

The purposes of this project were to inventory
the plants of these areas so that decisions on their
future uses would be made with the most complete
information possible. In Forest Park, every tree in the
200-acre strip bordering Kingshighway was identified
and located on a map. Ninety different species of
trees and shrubs were found in this section of Forest
Park and more than 3,800 individual trees were
cataloged. Part of the study, which was conducted by
Rick Daley, David Spellman, and Helen Parker, in-
cluded an analysis of how fast some of the trees were
growing. Some white pines, for example, were found
to grow less than 1/64 inch a year while others were
growing as much as 1/3 inch annually. In this case,
the difference is apparently due to competition from
neighboring trees.

The southwestern corner of Forest Park is called
the John F. Kennedy Memorial Forest and is one of
the few native forest tracts left in the city. The study
showed that this forest has been cut or burned some-
time during the last century, although it was ap-
parently not heavily used during the 1904 World’s
Fair. Seventy species of trees and shrubs and more
than 80 herbs were found in the Kennedy Forest. This
diversity explains the wide variety of resident birds
present and the reason that many migrating birds,
especially warblers, stop in this forest.

The northern St. Louis riverfront contained an
almost identical number of plant species as the Ken-
nedy Forest. Here, however, only 49 tree species
were found, but there were more kinds of herbaceous
plants. The Community Development Agency is
planning a new park along the riverfront which would
feature a bike path. St. Louisans have little opportu-
nity to enjoy the banks of the Mississippi River be-
cause most of the land is used by industry. A park on
the north St. Louis riverfront would provide a much
needed recreation site and would give St. Louisans
an opportunity to enjoy the diversity of plants and
animals which live along the banks of the Mississippi.

Open spaces are a critical part of the urban qual-
ity of life. This explains the appeal of the Garden to
more than a third of a million people each year and
underscores the importance of wise decisions about
all open areas. We can capitalize on these oppor-
tunities only if we study and understand the resources
we have. The Garden's report is a major step toward
the development of inventories of all of St. Louis’
open spaces.

4

ae In
" aa eh July
i a A a <= 3

Rushing the season by half a year, the Garden
Gate Shop in July will feature a wide variety of
Christmas ornaments, decorations and gift items for
the truly determined pre-holiday shopper. On Satur-
day, July 15, a special Sidewalk Sale with bargains
galore — all items marked at half-price — will be
held at the Shop.

Also featured for a limited time will be special
notepaper depicting the Linnaean House, offered at
a cost of $1.25 per package.

Remember to include a visit to the Garden Gate
Shop on your July calendar.

A Living Tribute

In recent years, the Garden has initiated a pro-
gram for expanding its living collections of trees and
shrubs. These young specimens are obtained either
as plants from specialist nurseries or from other
botanical gardens. But in increasing numbers the
Garden is producing specimens from seed and veg-
etative propagating material in its own two-acre
hardwood nursery, located at the Shaw Arboretum.

Such specimens — when finally incorporated
into features like the Japanese Garden, English
Woodland Garden or as individuals in other areas of
the grounds — are living tributes to a particular event
or the memory of an individual. Each of the new
plantings is recorded permanently on a record card,
containing pertinent information related to the
specific species, by the Garden's Plant Record De-
partment. This information includes details relating
to any donation. It is not possible to place plaques at
the individual trees and shrubs, but such contribu-
tions will be recorded in the Bulletin.

Members interested in a living tribute should
contact John Elsley, 772-7600.

Forest Service
Meeting Set

The Garden will host a public meeting, spon-
sored by the U.S. Forest Service, to discuss several
alternative proposals for wilderness management in
Missouri and other states in the Eastern Region. The
meeting will be held from 7 to 9 p.m. on July 17, in the
John S. Lehmann Building auditorium.

The regional forest supervisor will be on hand to
answer questions concerning the wilderness man-
agement system. Displays will show the areas now
under or being considered for program management.

Bids Are Out For Construction Of
New Maintenance Aaah a

Bids are out for construction of the Garden’s
new north end maintenance complex, a group of
buildings representing the first phase in the major
renovation and construction which will culminate in
the building of the Education/Visitor Orientation

An artist's rendering of
the Garden's new
maintenance complex,
designed by Ross &
’ Baruzzini, Inc., of St.
Louis, and an element
. of the Garden Master
i - Plan developed by

WA Environmental
we Planning and Design,
Mim = Pittsburgh.

Center. ane will be ioken soon for the new
maintenance buildings.

The complex will replace the antiquated struc-
tures which are presently being used for these
purposes.

Books in Review...

Lawns: The Year-Round Lawn Care Handbook
for all climates and conditions; Melvin J. Robey,
David McKay Company, Inc., $9.95, 216 pages.

This recent publication by the superintendent of
athletic facilities at Purdue University approaches the
subject of lawn culture in a most readable and at the
same time technically informative manner. Approxi-
mately two thirds of the book is devoted to 399 ques-
tions and easy-to-understand answers relating to
such specifics as weed control, fertilizing, seeding or
any other lawn-care operation, answers being directly
applicable for the home owner. A basic month-by-
month guide to lawn care seems especially useful,
and if followed, will enable the reader to “become the
lawn-care expert in your neighborhood”, according to
the author.

Grass does, of course, fall within the well worn
horticultural phrase “ground cover” and the reader is
introduced to an extensive listing of possible alterna-
tives to grass combined with specific cultural advice
applicable to many of the subjects. A comprehensive
glossary terminates the text. Included within the text
are a series of easily interpreted and pertinent line
drawings and tables.

Landscape You Can Eat; Allan A. Swenson (David
McKay Company, Inc.) $10.95 cloth, $5.95 paper-
back.

Nationally syndicated newspaper garden colum-
nist, Allan A. Swenson, is a prolific author of many
popular garden books in addition to regular appear-
ances on television as America’s Green Thumb Gar-
dener. The cultivation of fruit trees and bushes on a
small garden scale is a subject that is today gathering
momentum as gardeners are discovering, often for
the first time, the various advantages of producing
one’s own fruits. The production of fruits for fresh
consumption is matched by their usefulness either
canned or frozen throughout the year.

Sections are devoted to planning and basic culti-
vations in addition to specifics related to individual
fruits and nuts. Up-to-date information is included on
pest and disease control and basic pruning
techniques. A final chapter provides an assortment of
handy reference data, including reputable suppliers
of plants, and addresses of institutions where local
information on fruit growing can be obtained.

— John E. Elsley
5

People and Events

. ese A %,

Students and teachers
from Stix Investigative
Learning Center and
Mount Carmel School
have participated in a
variety of exciting
projects at the Garden.
Visitors, at left, sample
the fare during a recent
“Tropical Feast” project.

fh A oan
WuVY yivi

Emmanuel Enti, second from left, meet with Garden staff members and
others during a St. Louis visit in connection with the city's selection of
Accra as a “sister city” in Africa. Clockwise from the top are Dr. Peter
Goldblatt of the Garden staff: Alphonso Jackson, St. Louis director of
public safety; and Dr. Marshall Crosby and Susan Y. Flowers of the
Garden Staff.

2 ‘ Bees. valli Ml

Dr. Peter H. Raven, Garden director, accepts framed copy of the current
Southwestern Bell Telephone Co. white pages directory from R. A. Barron,

Stix and Mt. Carmel students have also participated in projects to vice president and general manager for Bell in St. Louis. The cover

study and report on environmental and ecological matters, above. depicts a Japanese Garden scene.

6

ie ml

Henry Shaw’s ‘Other’

Tay i
5

hams

Laclede's Landing, the historic riverfront rede-
velopment currently underway in St. Louis, is re-
establishing the city’s identification with its 19th Cen-
tury heyday. One renovated building within the de-
velopment stands as a reminder of the Garden's his-
tory — Henry Shaw's cutlery warehouse, shown here
during renovation, which was part of the business
empire built by Mr. Shaw and which gave him the

means to establish the Garden 119 years ago.

The building, at 612 North Second St., was pur-
chased by St. Louis businessman Johnnie Joe Ken-
nedy, completely renovated and opened as Ken-
nedy’s Second Street Company, a tavern and restau-
rant. A plaque mounted inside the building and a no-
tation on the restaurant menu identify the building as
Mr. Shaw’s former business establishment.

Ice Cream Social

Velvet Freeze will sponsor the first Ice Cream
Social at the Garden on Sunday, August 6, from 1 to 4
p.m. Members are invited to come and enjoy their
favorite ice cream while listening to the harmonious
melodies of a barbershop quartet.

A free gift will be given to children with the pur-
chase of ice cream, and they may participate in a
drawing for special prizes.

Pre-Tour Slide Show Set

Garden members and their guests have been
invited to a special slide presentation on Australia/
New Zealand, focusing on areas that tour participants
will be visiting in November. This program will be held
at 8 p.m. Wednesday, July 12, in the auditorium of the
John S. Lehmann Building.

This is a new program designed to make our
members’ trips more educational and meaningful.

VOLUNTEER COORDINATOR — Mrs. Carol Taxman, a Garden
volunteer for the past four years, has been named to the Garden staff
as Volunteer Coordinator. A native of Kentucky, Mrs. Taxman holds a
degree in English Literature from Washington University and is an
avid horticulturist and photographer. She is married to a physician
and has two children.

Dr. George S. Bunting Makes Homecoming Visit

A recent trip to St. Louis was a homecoming of
sorts for Dr. George S. Bunting, a former employee of
the Garden who has lived and worked in Venezuela
for the past 11 years. Dr. Bunting’s return to St. Louis
followed a 17-year absence — a period during which
many changes have taken place at the Garden.

Dr. Bunting, presently the botanist at the new
Botanical Garden of Maracaibo, Venezuela, came to
the Garden to finish work on a paper he is writing in
collaboration with Dr. Thomas Croat of the Garden's
Staff. Both are specialists in the aroid family and be-
cause this family is one that contains many unde-
scribed species, the paper will attempt to introduce
and standardize descriptive terminology, especially in
the genus Anthurium.

Dr. Bunting holds a master’s degree in horticul-
ture from Michigan State University and a Ph.D. in
taxonomy from Columbia University in New York City.
He worked as a taxonomist at the Garden for two
years, beginning his work with the Araceae. He then
went to Bailey Hortorium in New York where he
worked for six years helping to write Hortus Third, an
encyclopedia of horticultural plants. In 1967, he
moved to Venezuela where he began work on the
Araceae for the Flora of Venezuela. His new position
in Maracaibo draws upon his talents and training in
both horticulture and taxonomic research.

A second purpose of Dr. Bunting’s visit was to
consult with the Garden's scientific and horticultural
staff about a variety of topics dealing with the horticul-
tural, curatorial and scientific aspects of a botanical
garden. As he walked through the Garden to meet
with various people, there were things he recognized
8

and much he did not. When he left St. Louis in 1961,
for instance, the Climatron was finished but the plants
were young. While in the head house, Dr. Bunting met
again Claude Johnson, one of only a few employees
who remain from that period. In the herbarium, he
renewed acquaintanced with Ken Peck and John
Dwyer, other old friends who have been associated
with the Garden for many years. Dr. Bunting plans to
return to the Garden within the next year to spend
more time working in the herbarium and library.

Dr. Bunting’s visit coincided with that of another
distinguished South American botanist. Dr. Enrique
Forero — currently a Guggenheim fellow on leave of
absence from his position as head of the Colombian
National Herbarium in Bogota — was in St. Louis for
a week to identify plants and consult with Dr. Al Gen-
try of the Garden staff. Drs. Forero and Gentry are
conducting a joint research project to botanically
explore the Chocé Department of western Colombia.
This region — the wettest place in the world with
12,000 mm of annual precipitation — has been almost
unknown botanically even though it is extremely rich
in diversity of plant species. During his visit to St.
Louis, Dr. Forero worked on identification of the
Choco plants collected by himself, Dr. Gentry and
their students; and on the list of plant species of
Choco which the two scientists are compiling.

These visitors point out the increasing impor-
tance of the Garden’s systematic staff and facilities to
the botanical community. Visitors from around the
world come to St. Louis in increasing numbers to
work with the Garden’s staff, to seek advice or to
consult our excellent herbarium and library facilities.

Gardening in St. Louis

The three new 1979 All America Rose Selections
can be seen at the Garden in July. They are: Friend-
ship, a fragrant, pink hybrid tea; Sundowner, a
medium to large-flowered orange grandiflora, very
fragrant, and the only grandiflora to receive the 1979
All America Award; and Paradise, a lavender-pink
hybrid tea which is one of the most distinctive and
beautiful roses ever produced. These roses are not
available this year, but can be seen growing here at
the Garden. These award winners have been in the
Test Garden the past two years and have survived the
winter conditions extremely well.

Rose Maintenance

Continue a good spraying program to control
mildew, blight and insects on your roses. Alternate
between Phaltan and Acti-Dione to provide control for
black spot. Use Kelthane at regular intervals to con-
trol mite. Diazinon or Sevin will control most sucking
or chewing insects. Spray immediately following
heavy rain or when roses have made four to six
inches of new growth. Apply the spray underneath the
leaves as well as on top.

July is a good month to prune trees and fruit
trees to open them up. When in full foliage, remove
inner branches to allow better air and light circulation.
Remove weak and/or water shoots (those which
come up from the main trunk) to encourage good fruit
spurs. Heading back fruit trees can help control the
size.

Fertilizer should not be applied around plants
such as trees and shrubs that need growth to mature
and harden off for the winter months. However, feed-
ing can be continued on roses until early August, and
since there was poor growth last spring, additional
feedings may be required this month to assure that
plants are in vigorous condition for fall. Avoid using
fertilizer after the 10th of August so plants may harden
off. Vegetable gardens can be fertilized by applying a
side dressing to crops. Make small furrows a couple
of inches from the base of the plant, sprinkling a light
amount of fertilizer, covering it with soil and then
lightly watering. Liquid fertilizer may be watered in
along the base of the plants. If applied over the
foliage, follow with an immediate watering so the fer-
tilizer does not burn the leaves.

Fall Planting

Mid-July is a good time to start planting fall veg-
etable crops, such as cabbage, cauliflower, broccoli,
spinach and other plants which prefer cooler condi-
tions. These plants, started now, will produce excel-
lent crops in the fall wnen warm crop vegetables stop
producing. Prepare the ground well, incorporating
plenty of organic matter and superphosphate, sowing
the seed somewhat deeper because of the drier con-

ditions. Keep the ground moderately moist until seeds
germinate.

July is a good month to start many of the bien-
nials such as sweet williams and foxgloves. Seed
sown this month should be sown in a good sterile
media, kept in an area where temperature is uniform
between 70-75°. Place the seedlings in plenty of light
when they start to germinate and transplant when
they have the second and third pair of leaves. Seed-
lings may be transplanted to cold frames or other
trays where they receive good light and allowed to
grow on until early September, at which time they can
be planted out in the perennial garden for flowering
the following spring. This is an excellent way to add
color to the garden early in the spring.

Mulch should be applied to the garden, if not
done earlier, and reapplied around trees and shrubs.
This is important around azaleas, rhododendrons and
other acid-loving plants which produce shallow root
systems. Mulching helps to control soil temperatures
and weeds. As the mulch breaks down, it supplies
nutrients which are necessary for good plant growth.
Water rhododendrons and azaleas particularly well
during the next couple of months, especially if they
are planted under other trees which tend to absorb a
great deal of the water. Wilting of plants is often
caused by inadequate root systems, but avoid over-
watering. Do not allow plants to sit in poorly drained
areas which are extremely wet. Check the soil at a
depth of two to three inches to see if it is dry before
applying water. When watering, apply amounts equi-
valent to one to two inches of rain at regular intervals.
Avoid feeding fertilizer to these plants at this time of
year, because it is necessary to let them start mature
growth and harden off for proper winter protection.

House Plant Care
House plants should receive attention to make
sure they are insect free. Rotate them from one side
to the other to ensure that they receive uniform light to
prevent them from growing in one direction. When
going on vacation, give plants special attention by
placing a couple of bricks at each end of the bathtub
and then placing wood over these. Fill the tub to
within about one inch below the base of the boards.
Then place the plants on the boards. Adequate mois-
ture is assured around them and plants can be stored
for up to two to three weeks in this way. A second
method is to place the plants in plastic bags. Place
stakes in the pots to keep the plastic from collapsing
on top of the plants. When placing plants in plastic
bags, do not place them in the sun, because the plas-
tic will act as a magnifying glass and heat them up.
Given good light and a light watering before leaving,
plants can be kept from four to five weeks this way
without harm.
(Continued on Page 10)

GARDENING IN ST. LOUIS (Continued from Page 9)

New Ideas

While traveling during the summer, observe
other gardens and plants. See what is growing well
and look for something new and different. Check for
hardiness to see how plants have come through the
last two winters. With the prospect of more severe
winters on the way, it is prudent to select plants which
are hardy for the St. Louis area.

Trial gardens are set up in a number of different
areas and are excellent places to see what is avail-
able in many of the new annuals and perennials for
the garden.

—Robert J. Dingwall
Chief Horticulturist

Bonsai Featured

Margaret Zonia, plant shop employee, and a specimen of Bonsai.

The Plant Shop is featuring excellent specimens
of bonsai this month. There are spruce, maple, and
elm bonsai, which range in age from six to more than
20 years. The Shop has an assortment of shaping
tools, planters and planter trays as well. Stop by the
Shop and ask to see these fine specimens.

10

Teacher Workshop
In Art/Science

The Garden and St. Louis Art Museum will co-
sponsor a teacher workshop in July, concentrating
on the interrelationship between art and science.
Workshop sessions will explore the use of science to
teach art. The emphasis in this workshop will be on
increasing sensory awareness and changing
perspectives.

This course will be offered from 9 a.m. to 3 p.m.
July 24 through 28. The fee is $30 with two hours
credit offered through Webster College. For registra-
tion and further information, telephone 772-7600,
extension 54.

Members Reach Milestone

The number of Garden members has topped the
10,000-mark for the first time in the Garden’s 119-year
history, it was announced by the Members’ Office.

The Garden's Board of Trustees and Staff wish to
acknowledge this unprecedented level of community
support and to convey warmest thanks for the on-
going assistance of the Garden’s growing, active

membership.

MEMBERSHIP — MAY 1978

HENRY SHAW ASSOCIATES

Mr./Mrs. Howard F. Baer
Mr./Mrs. Joseph H. Bascom
Mr. Watson Blair

Mrs. Watson Blair

Mr./Mrs. G. A. Buder, Jr.
Mr./Mrs. Sam’'l C. Davis
Mr./Mrs. Guy W. Fiske, Jr.

Mr. James H. Howe, Ill
Mr./Mrs. Stanley F. Jackes
Mrs. John V. Janes

Mrs. Irene C. Jones

Dr./Mrs. H. Kendig

Mrs. John S. Lehmann

Mrs. Florence T. Morris

Mr. Spencer T. Olin

Mr./Mrs. W. R. Orthwein, Jr
Mrs. Howard E. Ridgway
Mr./Mrs. Frederic M. Robinson
Mrs. Gladney Ross

Mr. S. C. Sachs

Mr./Mrs. Daniel L. Schlafly
Mr./Mrs. Warren M. Shapleigh
Mr./Mrs. Sydney Shoenberg, Jr.
Mrs. Tom K. Smith, Sr.
Mr./Mrs. Tom K. Smith, Jr.
Mr./Mrs. C. C. Johnson Spink
Mrs. Hermann F. Spoehrer
Mr./Mrs. Jack L. Turner

Mrs. Ben H. Wells

Mr./Mrs. Richard K. Weil

DIRECTOR’S ASSOCIATES

Mr./Mrs. Alexander M. Bakewell
Mr. Clarence C. Barksdale
Mr./Mrs. David C. Farrell
Mr./Mrs. Eldridge Lovelace
Mr./Mrs. A. Timon Primm, III
Mr./Mrs. Robert A. Ridgway
Mrs. Mason Scudder

Miss Harriet J. Tatman

Mr./Mrs. Harold E. Thayer
Mr./Mrs. Andrew R. Zinsmeyer

INCREASE IN MEMBERSHIPS
MAY 1978

SPONSORING

Dr./Mrs. Hartmut Kannegiesser
Mrs. T. R. Potter
Mr./Mrs. J. F. Ruwitch

SUSTAINING

Mr./Mrs. Richard W. Duesenberg
Mr./Mrs. Edward C. Fey, Jr.
Dr./Mrs. W. P. Kistler

Mr. Lewis A. McDonald

Dr./Mrs. Lawrence A. Pilla
Mr./Mrs. H. R. Shampaine
Mr./Mrs. Richard Ziebell

CONTRIBUTING

Mrs. William G. Carson

Dr. Lisa Cibis

Mr./Mrs. John O. Felker

Dr. Gerald J. Fivian

Form Systems, Inc

Mr. Robert B. Forbes

Mr./Mrs. Frank K. Hadley
Mrs. Jane Jacobs

Mr./Mrs. James H. Jones
Mr./Mrs. James J. Kerley
Mr./Mrs. Ralph Marotta
Dr./Mrs. George E. Mendelsohn
Mr./Mrs. John S. Moore

Mr. Eric P Newman

Mr./Mrs. William L. Nussbaum
Mr./Mrs. Clark Payne
Mr./Mrs. F. H. Piepmeier
Mr./Mrs. Arthur S. Schwarz
Mr./Mrs. Donald R. Steffan
Mr./Mrs. Joseph K. Tanoka
Mr./Mrs. Benjamin H. Ulrich, Jr.
Mr./Mrs. W. E. Winter

Mr. Jay V. Zimmerman

NEW MEMBERSHIPS

SUSTAINING
Mr. R. E. Hennessy, III

CONTRIBUTING

Mr./Mrs. Ophelia Anderson
Mrs. Frank Darr, Jr.
Mr./Mrs. Harold W. Duchek
Ms. Lucille |. Gault

Mr. Frank J. Guyol, Jr.
Mr./Mrs. Nick Maggos

Ms. Mary Jane Thirkhill
Dr./Mrs. George A. Williams
Dr./Mrs. W. J. Wimmer

REGULAR

Mr./Mrs. Richard Aberle
Mr./Mrs. William G. Abkemeier
Dr./Mrs. Daniel Abodeely
Ms. Virginia Agnew

Dr. Wm. Gerald Albrecht
Mrs. Lois S. Albrecht
Mr./Mrs. John R. Allan

Mr. David P. Allen

Mr./Mrs. James N. Allen
Mr./Mrs. Chas. R. Anderson
Mr./Mrs. Paul W. Anderson
Mr./Mrs. Henry Andrae

Lt. Col./Mrs. B. J. Apple

Mr. Joseph Arens

Ms. Marie Arens

Ms. Tommio L. C. de Armas
Ms. Katheleen G. Arnold
Mr./Mrs. William H. Ast
Mr./Mrs. Bernard Axelrod
Mr./Mrs. Frederick P. Baggerman
Dr./Mrs. Jerry Bamshad
Mr./Mrs. Henry J. Bangert
Mr./Mrs. Thomas Barker
Mr./Mrs. Byron A. Barnes
Mr./Mrs. Albert Barroni
Mr./Mrs. John R. Bartlett, Jr.
Mr./Mrs. Robert Bauman
Rev./Mrs. C. Baumgartel
Dr. Simon L. Baumgarten
Mr. Robert E. Baumgartner
Ms. Ann M. Bealle

Ms. Mary L. Bedient
Mr./Mrs. Arthur Behlmann
Ms. Mary Beine

Ms. Shirley A. Beiswenger
Mr./Mrs. H. Berger

Mr./Mrs. Charles Bertani
Mr./Mrs. Russell Bessinger
Dr./Mrs. John N. Betz, I!

Mr. James B. Biondo
Mr./Mrs. Raymond H. Bischof
Mr. Paul N. Biven

Mr./Mrs. Walter Blaine

Ms. Phyllis Blankemeier
Mr./Mrs. Roy H. Bleikamp, Jr.
Mr./Mrs. Peter A. Bleyler
Ms. Deborah B. Bloom
Mr./Mrs. David Blucker
Mr./Mrs. Alvin J. Bockwinkel
Mr. Edgar G. Boedeker

Ms. Jeannie Boettcher

Mrs. George B. Boon

Sr. Mary Borgia, RSM
Mr./Mrs. W. K. Borgsmiller
Mr./Mrs. Benjamin F. Bosworth
Mr./Mrs. Riley O. Bowlin, Jr.
Mr./Mrs. B. M. Boyd

Miss Janet Brault

Mrs. James J. Brda
Mr./Mrs. Charles R. Brennan
Ms. Marie Brite

Mr./Mrs. Donald W. Brown
Mr./Mrs. Wendell K. Brown
Dr./Mrs. T. H. Brune
Mr./Mrs. Robert L. Bubb
Mr./Mrs. Albert R. Buck
Mrs. Arthur Buesch

Mrs. Rozena Burks

Ms. Carol Burnett

Mr./Mrs. Neil R. Burns

Mr./Mrs. James Burr
Mr./Mrs. Oliver W. Cairns
Mrs. DeVerne Calloway

Ms. Marguerite Cannon

Ms. Carla Carter

Mrs. Helen F. Case

Mr. David Cates

Dr./Mrs. James T. Chamness
Mr./Mrs. L. C. Chandler
Mr./Mrs. Jules Chasnoff
Mr./Mrs. L. J. Chiodini, Jr.
Mr./Mrs. Brian L. Clevinger
Ms. Marcia Cline

Mr./Mrs. Arbra L. Coalson
Mr. Edwin Cohn

Ms. Barbara J. Cole
Mr./Mrs. Howard Cole
Concord Park Garden Club
Mother Mary Consilia

Mr. Gary Corbin

Mr./Mrs. Malcolm Corcoran
Mr./Mrs. Douglas G. Corderman
Country Ridge Garden Club
Mrs. Vernon Cox

Ms. Sara Crews

Mr./Mrs. Richard Croak
Mr./Mrs. Charles E. Crocker
Mr./Mrs. Frederic E. Crofts
Mr./Mrs. Don Crohn
Mr./Mrs. John W. Cross
Mrs. Oscar E. Cross

Mr. William Currier

Mr./Mrs. C. E. Daffin

Miss Jacquelin A. Dailey
Mr./Mrs. Edward W. Daumit
Mr./Mrs. D. Gene Davenport
Mr./Mrs. David R. Davis
Mr./Mrs. Joseph H. Davis
Mr./Mrs. Homer L. Dawson
Mr./Mrs. Raymond A. Deering
Mrs. F. J. DeGray

Sr. Jane Marie Dempsey
Dr./Mrs. Bela S. Denes
Mrs. Miriam T. Desloge

Ms. Gloria E. Dettleff
Mr./Mrs. Edgar V. Dickson
Ms. Julia Dieckman

Sr. Carol Donahue

Mr./Mrs. Theodore J. Dubuque, Jr.

James and Mary Duff
Mr./Mrs. Wayne Dunagan
Mr./Mrs. W. A. Dunkin

Mr. Thomas A. Easches
Mr./Mrs. Ronald R. Edwards
Mr./Mrs. James Ellington
Miss Esther Emmons

Miss Margaret L. Erby
Mr./Mrs. Mauritz R. Erhard
Mr./Mrs. Henry A. Erk, Jr.
Mr. J. A. Faintich

Mr./Mrs. Martin Fellhauer
Ms. Susan E. Felps
Dr./Mrs. James A. Felts
Mr./Mrs. Franklin Ferriss
Mr. Kenneth M. Fields

Mrs. Ann Fischer

Mr./Mrs. Charles G. Fischer
Mr./Mrs. Herbert C. Fischer
Mr./Mrs. James S. Flagg
Mr./Mrs. Bob B. Flick
Mr./Mrs. Dan W. Flippen
Ms. Leslie Flum

Mr./Mrs. Rodney C. Fons
Ms. Sarah C. Ford

Mr./Mrs. Thomas Forrester
Mr./Mrs. John W. Forsythe
Mr./Mrs. Harvey E. Friedman
Mr./Mrs. Edward Froid!

Mr. Robert L. Funsten
Mr./Mrs. Joseph Gaines
Mr./Mrs. Louis C. Galli

Mrs. Betty S. Galyon
Mr./Mrs. James P. Gamble
Dr./Mrs. George E. Gantner, Jr.
Mr./Mrs. Charles F. Garoutte
Mrs. Joseph Gassino
Dr./Mrs. K. W. Gentsch
Mrs. Alice Glomski

Mr./Mrs. Richard G. Glover
Mr./Mrs. Lou Goad

Mr./Mrs. R. F. Goeke

Mr. Robert F. Goellner
Mr./Mrs. James A. Goodwin
Mr./Mrs. Harold H. Grace
Mrs. Thyra Granger

Mr. W. Ashley Gray, Jr.
Mr./Mrs. A. B. Green

Mr. David A. Green

Dr./Mrs. Robert J. Gresick
Mr./Mrs. Charles Gugger
Mrs. Norman J. Gundlach
Mr./Mrs. Lynn D. Hargus
Mr./Mrs. Jerry Harral
Mr./Mrs. Emil Harster

Ms. Jacqueline Hartman
Mr./Mrs. Ted R. Harvey, Jr.
Mr./Mrs. Elmer Haupt
Mr./Mrs. George H. Heidemann
Ms. Leigh A. Heller

Mr./Mrs. Donald R. Hemmer
Mr./Mrs. John B. Hemwell
Mr./Mrs. Richard M. Hencken
Mr./Mrs. Charles D. Henderson
Mr./Mrs. E. E. Henderson
Mr./Mrs. Carl H. Hendrickson
Mr./Mrs. Richard Hepper
Mr./Mrs. Everett Herbst
Mr./Mrs. Greg W. Herron
Mrs. Pauline G. Hickey
Mr./Mrs. Harvey Hilken
Mr./Mrs. Milfred Hilkerbaumer
Jim and Virginia Hobbs

Ms. Cecily Hoffius

Mr./Mrs. Walter A. Hohlstein
Mr./Mrs. Robert C. Holt, Jr.
Mr./Mrs. Ferdinand H. Holtkamp
Mr./Mrs. R. Robert Horas
Mr./Mrs. A. H. Horter, Jr.
Mr./Mrs. Donald W. Horton
Mr./Mrs. Gene Hotz

Mr./Mrs. Thomas P. Houf
Mrs. Irene Houser

Dr./Mrs. James O. Huisinga
Mr./Mrs. Rolland J. Hurter
Lorraine A. and Peggy M. Huther
Mr./Mrs. Carl M. Irwin

Miss Irene Jackson

Mr./Mrs. Luther A. Jackson
Mr./Mrs. Sanford Jaffe
Mr./Mrs. W. M. Jagiello
Mr./Mrs. John Janco

Mr. John V. Janes, Ill

Ms. Barbara E. Johnson
Mr./Mrs. Dexter J. Johnson
Mr./Mrs. Gary W. Johnson
Ms. Marian C. Jones
Dr./Mrs. William G. Juergens
Mr./Mrs. Eugene L. Juzwicki
Mrs. Rosa L. Kaintz

Mr./Mrs. Al P. Kampmeyer, Jr.
Ms. Margaret Kane

Mrs. Shelia E. Kanta
Mr./Mrs. Andrew Kantz

Ms. Shirley Katz

Ms. Donna S. Keller

Mr./Mrs. Gerald V. Keller
Mr./Mrs. Edward T. Kelly
Mr./Mrs. Francis H. Kennedy
Mr./Mrs. Kenneth Kent
Mr./Mrs. Nat Kessler
Mr./Mrs. Neil J. Kessler
Mr./Mrs. Glennon Kidd
Mr./Mrs. R. F. Kieninger

Mrs. Laura S. Kilian

Mr. Jim Kille

Mr. Paul C. Kjorlie

Mr. Jon Klassi

Mr./Mrs. Kenneth M. Klaus
Mr./Mrs. Ralph Kloppenberg
Mr./Mrs. George S. Kobayashi
Mr./Mrs. Gregory F. Krenski
Mr./Mrs. Oran H. Lamb
Mr./Mrs. Myron L. Landers
Dr. Marie L. Larkin

Mr./Mrs. Robert Lawson
Dr./Mrs. G. R. LeDoux

Kay Joyce Lee

Ms. Debra Leeke

Ms. Nancy L. Leonard
Mr./Mrs. Kenneth O. Leutwiler
Mr./Mrs. Kun T. Liao

Mr. Stephen Lieseler

Mrs. E. L. Lister

Mr./Mrs. Hans H. Lodholz
Mr./Mrs. Bruce Loewenberg
Mr./Mrs. Hilmar M. Lohmann
Dr./Mrs. Robert Lohr
Mr./Mrs. Donald F. Luce
Mrs. Meta Ludwick

Mr./Mrs. Ronald Lurie

Mrs. Virginia M. Lydon
Mr./Mrs. David M. Maganza, Jr.
Mr./Mrs. Robert P. Mai
Mr./Mrs. Mark J. Malley
Mr./Mrs. Tom Manglis
Mr./Mrs. Sawyer Marglous
Mrs. Laretto Martine
Mr./Mrs. Peter D. Mattison
Mr. Bert Mayer

Mrs. Virgil C. McCluer
Mr./Mrs. A. J. McCoy
Mr./Mrs. Arthur J. McDonnell
Sr. Mary Margaret McKenzie
Mrs. William H. McLaughlin
Mr./Mrs. Louis A. McMahon
Mr./Mrs. G. M. McNett

Mr. Donald J. McQueen
Dr./Mrs. Frank J. Merenda
Mrs. Wilma Mertens
Mr./Mrs. Wayne L. Metcalf
Mr. Ken A. Miesner

Dr./Mrs. Kenneth J. Millburn
Dr./Mrs. Tom R. Miller
Mr./Mrs. Nalda G. Molho
Mr./Mrs. C. D. Molloy, Jr.
Mr./Mrs. Michael J. Moody
Mr./Mrs. Alwal B. Moore
Mr./Mrs. Jas. V. Moore
Mr./Mrs. Robert D. Morrison
Mr./Mrs. Harry C. Morton
Mr./Mrs. T. J. Mozer

Miss Billie Newcomb
Mr./Mrs. F. W. Nichols
Mr./Mrs. James J. Nieder
Miss Maxine Niehoff
Mr./Mrs. Charles A. Niekamp, Jr.
Mr./Mrs. R. J. Niewoehner
Dr./Mrs. R. W. Nysewander
Ms. Lisa Oelke

Mr./Mrs. Walter E. O'Leary
Mr. Tom Olsen

Mr./Mrs. Terry W. Ortman
Ms. Bettye Osiek

Ronald and Madonna Otte
Mr./Mrs. Lane Page

Mrs. Rachel M. Paneck

Mrs. Louise Papa

Ms. Helen Pares

Mr. Douglas M. Parker
Mr./Mrs. Dan Parks
Mr./Mrs. Nicholas G. Penniman, IV
Dr./Mrs. D. Glenn Pennington
Mr. J. Petrucione

Mr./Mrs. Stephen P. Phelps
Mrs. Mary Pichler

Mr./Mrs. Carl W. Pierce
Mrs. Ferris N. Pitts

Ms. Mary Ann Plasmeier
Mr./Mrs. Gerald P. Podorski
Mr./Mrs. Philip F. Pokorny
Mr./Mrs. Joe Pollack

Mrs. C. T. Porter

Mr./Mrs. Robert L. Pothoven
Ms. Audrey Powderly
Mr./Mrs. Oliver H. Press

Dr. Fran Pritchard

Mr./Mrs. John L. Quigley, Jr.
Mr./Mrs. William Ragouzis

Member of

The Arts and Education

Fund of Greater St.Louis

Ms. D. J. Rak

Mr./Mrs. Richard R. Range
Mr./Mrs. Louis Rauch

Mrs. A. J. Ravarino

Mrs. Rita Reardon

Mr. Donald D. Reed

Ms. Jackie Reed

Mr./Mrs. Morgan W. Reed
Mrs. Oneida M. Reed

Miss Georgianna D. Rhoads
Mr./Mrs. David J. Richardson
Mr./Mrs. G. R. Ridings
Mr./Mrs. John Rigoni
Mr./Mrs. Joseph H. Ring, Jr.
Mr./Mrs. T. J. Robichaux
Mr./Mrs. Edward J. Robson
Ms. Barbara Roche
Mr./Mrs. Robert F. Roe

Ms. Mary M. Roeger

Mr. Donald K. Rogers
Mr./Mrs. H. C. Rogers

Mrs. Charles |. Rose
Mr./Mrs. Richard G. Rowe
Dr./Mrs. J. B. Rowse

Mr. Wayne R. Sanftner
Mr./Mrs. Fred Sassmanshausen
Ms. Mary Jo Sawicki
Mr./Mrs. Thomas Sawyer
Mr./Mrs. H. E. Schafer

Mr. Richard G. Schmeling
Mr./Mrs. Charles F. Schmidt
Mr./Mrs. George F. Schmidt
Mr./Mrs. Harry W. Schmidt
Mrs. Joseph F. Schmitt
Schneithorst Catering Company
Mr./Mrs. John S. Scholze
Rev. Arthur Schuermann
Mrs. Margaret N. Schohy
Mr./Mrs. J. B. Schou
Mr./Mrs. LeRoy H. Schuldt
Mr./Mrs. Edward M. Schumacher
Mr./Mrs. Michael M. Sears
Dr./Mrs. R. C. Seibert

Ms. Kara D. Seidel

Maceo Settles

Mr./Mrs. Richard J. Shea
Mr./Mrs. Gary L. Shell
Mr./Mrs. K. F. Sherman
Mr./Mrs. Y. Shiraishi

Mr. Kenneth Siroky

Mr./Mrs. Odney D. Skiles
Mr./Mrs. Chester P. Skwiot
Mr./Mrs. Robert J. Slattery
Ms. Janet Smith

Mr./Mrs. L. D. Smith
Mr./Mrs. George E. Snyder
Mr./Mrs. J. M. Snyder

Miss Debbie Soucy

Mr./Mrs. Gilbert Spasnick
Mr./Mrs. Zane O. Squires
Dr./Mrs. Gene B. Starkloff
Mr./Mrs. Elwes S. Starr
Miss Marie C. Staudinger
Dr./Mrs. Franz V. Steinberg
Miss Maria Stephanides
Mr./Mrs. Thomas G. Stephenson
Mr./Mrs. Warren J. Stoltz
Mr./Mrs. C. L. Strock
Mr./Mrs. Calvin B. Stuart, Jr.
Mr./Mrs. Harold M. Stuhl

Dr. Clement J. Sullivan

Miss Betty J. Susanka
Mr./Mrs. Lawrence Swinger
Mr./Mrs. Stanley Tarter
Dr./Mrs. Leyland A. Thomas
Ms. C. R. Thompson
Mr./Mrs. Howard A. Tibbs
Ms. Carolyn Hewes Toft
Mr./Mrs. Louis R. Tomey
Mr./Mrs. Dan Tompkins
Mr./Mrs. Byron A. Tompras
Mr. Jack Trachtman

Ms. Dorothy Trump

Mr./Mrs. R. M. Tyler

Ms. Shirley Ann Uhlmansied
Mr./Mrs. Willard Ullery

Ms. Jo Goeke Vallo

Mrs. Benjamin M. Vogel

Ms. Nancy K. Von Bokel
Mr./Mrs. A. B. Walker
Mr./Mrs. Mitchell Wall
Mr./Mrs. Robert M. Warner
Dr. Karen L. Wedde
Mr./Mrs. Lloyd E. Weeks
Mr./Mrs. Melvin A. Weinhold
Miss Virginia C. Wemhoener
Miss Eileen F. Wentworth
Mr./Mrs. John H. White

Mrs. Valerie E. White

Ms. Kathy Wick

Mrs. Suzanne R. Wicks
Dr./Mrs. Charles Wieland
Mr./Mrs. Norman Wielansky
Mr./Mrs. William Wilkinson
Dr./Mrs. Julian C. Williams
Mr./Mrs. Robert H. Williams
Mr./Mrs. R. O. Williams
Mr./Mrs. James D. Wilson
Mr./Mrs. Marion E. Wilson
Mr./Mrs. Louis P. Wingert, Jr.
Mr./Mrs. John Wirth
Mr./Mrs. William Wolff
Mr./Mrs. John Robert Wright
Mr./Mrs. David Yapirion
Mr./Mrs. J. R. Zeuschel
Mr./Mrs. Joseph Zucchero

MAY TRIBUTES

In Honor of the Recovery of
Mrs. Louis Keller
Mr./Mrs. Elmer Abramson

In Honor of Mr. Llewellyn Kohn’s
80th Birthday
Mr./Mrs. Allan M. Siegel

In Honor of Mr. Robert Ross’
Special Birthday
Mr./Mrs. Ellis C. Littmann

In Honor of
New Sisterhood Office
Shirley and Herman Simon

In Honor of Tribute Fund
W. G. Fienup
Emma W. Lippert

In Memory of Bill Anthoney
Mrs. J. Anthoney

In Memory of Mr. Floyd Augustine
Mrs. A. Wessel Shapleigh
Mrs. Horton Watkins

In Memory of Mr. Julius Boehmer
Earl Bumiller

In Memory of Mrs. Rita Brinsa
Kathryn Hildebrand
Norma and Michael White

In Memory of Mrs. Ben G. Bromberg

Dr./Mrs. Edward R. Jones

In Memory of Edward J. Corn
Mr./Mrs. Matthew P. McCauley

In Memory of Frank B. Costello
Paul and June Neel

In Memory of Leo Donati, Sr.
Dr. Robert M. Donati

In Memory of Mr. Edgar W. Drew
Ruth D. Todd

In Memory of Russell E. Gardner
Mr./Mrs. A. Lee Shapleigh, II
Ted and Janet Weakley

In Memory of Mr. Leo G. Hadley
Mr. Willis D. Hadley

In Memory of Mr. Wilbur B. Jones
Mr./Mrs. F. C. Cole

Mr. Joseph W. Lewis

Mrs. A. Wessel Shapleigh

In Memory of Mr. Louis H. Jostes
Beck & Corbitt Company
Dr./Mrs. Leonard J. Eslick

Mrs. Robert F. O’Connell

Flora and Shirley Reichardt
Marion Rodgers, Jr.

In Memory of Mrs. Ida N. Kienker
Mr./Mrs. Arthur Anderson

In Memory of Blanche Kirk
Pam and Chuck Johnston

In Memory of Dayle G. Klever

Mrs. Dayle G. Klever

In Memory of
Mr. and Mrs. Walter Kostecki

Mr. Duane M. Smith

In Memory of Michael B. Lake

Mr./Mrs. Charles J. Moore, Jr.

In Memory of Mr. William T. Lane

Mrs. Jean-Jacques Carnal

In Memory of Mr. McMillan Lewis

Mrs. Jean-Jacques Carnal

Mr./Mrs. A. Lee Shapleigh, |!

In Memory of Robert J. Liebe

William Livingston

In Memory of

Augusta and Edgar Littmann
Carol Littmann

In Memory of Mrs. Conway Munro
Sunnyside Garden Club

In Memory of Virginia Nelson
Mrs. Horton Watkins

In Memory of Dr. Morton Pariera
Mr./Mrs. C. Bailey

In Memory of Mrs. Fred C. Parks
Mr./Mrs. John W. Bryan

In Memory of Mr. Anthony Petrillo
Mr. Duane M. Smith

In Memory of Margaret Peetz
Dorothy Becker

In Memory of Mrs. Helene Popper
Edwin R. Waldemer

In Memory of Clifford Saxton

Karl and Helen Hoffmann

In Memory of
Mrs. Erwin E. Schowengerdt
Mr./Mrs. G. K. Sandweg

In Memory of George Shirling
Affton Garden Club

In Memory of Mrs. Helen Tobin
Mr./Mrs. Carl L. A. Beckers

In Memory of Frederick Wagner
Mrs. Joseph Bastian
Carol Kahler

In Memory of Bernhard J. Wander
Mr./Mrs. Walter C. Johanning

In Memory of Dr. Hugh M. Wilson
Dr./Mrs. John E. Hobbs

In Memory of “My Dad”
Sara L. Woodard

In Memory of Oliver K. Zepin
Mr./Mrs. Maurice Frank

MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN BULLETIN
2345 Tower Grove Avenue
Saint Louis, Missouri 63110

SECOND CLASS

POSTAGE
PAID

AT ST. LOUIS, MO.

Missouri
Botanical
Garden
Bulletin

Up, up and away for "A
Little Night Music”, a very
special Garden event set
for Aug. 24 (see Page 5).

Million Dollar Contribution Boosts

Development Drive To $5,000,000 Mark

An anonymous contribution of $1 million has
boosted the Garden’s ongoing capital improvement
and development drive past the $5 million mark, 80
per cent of the campaign’s goal, it was announced by
Tom K. Smith, Jr., president of the Garden’s Board of
Trustees.

“This most generous contribution, the largest single
pledge of our current campaign, comes at a most
appropriate time,” said Mr. Smith. “It pushes us very
close to our $6 million goal and provides fresh im-
petus to our campaign volunteers to redouble their
efforts and ensure that this goal is reached.”

Tom K. Smith, Jr., left,
president of the Garden
Board of Trustees, and Dr.
' Peter H. Raven, Garden
director, handle heavy
equipment to break ground
for the new $1 million
complex of maintenance
buildings.

The culmination of the campaign — construction of
the Garden’s new Education/Visitor Orientation
Center — will depend on the Garden’s success in
raising the approximately $1 million needed to “top
off” the campaign.

“It is important at this point,” said Mr. Smith, “that
we do not make the assumption that because we
have reached the 80 per cent mark, the additional 20
per cent will naturally follow. This new building will
represent the climax of all our efforts during this drive,
and its construction will depend very heavily on where
we go from here.”

(Continued on Page 2)

Volume LXVI Number 8
August 1978

DRIVE REACHES $5 MILLION MARK...

(Continued from Page 1)

Meanwhile, however, the first spadesful of dirt were
turned over for the beginning of actual construction
funded by the development drive. On Tuesday, July
18, Mr. Smith and Dr. Peter H. Raven, Garden direc-
tor, climbed aboard a bulldozer and broke ground for
the new north end maintenance complex, designed
by Ross & Baruzzini of St. Louis and to be con-
structed by Emmenegger Construction, Inc.

The new complex, planned to replace the an-
tiquated structures currently in use for maintenance
purposes, represents the first phase in the major
physical renovation and construction made possible
by the development drive and culminating in the con-
struction of the Education/Visitor Orientation Center.
It also represents an important element of the Garden
Master Plan, developed by Environmental Planning
and Design of Pittsburgh, Pa.

“It is very reassuring,” said Dr. Raven, “to begin to
see the physical results of everyone’s work in this
important development drive. If nothing else, the be-
ginning of construction should convince everyone
that with the maintenance complex and, later the
Education/Visitor Orientation Center, we will have
very much to show for our work in bringing the cam-
paign to a successful climax.”

The maintenance complex, constructed at a cost of
$1 million, is scheduled for completion by early next
year.

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Mrs. William H. Hallett, immediate past president of the St. Louis
Herb Society, inspects colorful quilt on loan from the Society for
display in the Garden Museum. Wall hanging behind Mrs. Hallett
was created and donated to the Garden by Society members Betty
Carlin, Deede Cole, Jane Coultas, Caro! Drennan, Melania Fathman,
Edna Hager, Kitty Lawton, Barbara O’Brien, Judy Ross, Kay
Strassner, Yolanda Wanek and Marie Zaegel.

2

Chicago Firm Purchases
Garden's Plantscaping Services

An agreement was reached between the Garden
and Tropical Plant Rentals, Inc. of Chicago, for the
purchase of the Garden's horticultural services opera-
tion. Effective July 5, the Chicago-based firm took
over all of the interior plantscaping installations and
their maintenance services.

“In reaching the decision to terminate our horticul-
tural services operation segment,” said Dr. Peter H.
Raven, Garden director, “we, of course, were very
concerned to arrange for a continuation of these serv-
ices for our established clients and our established
plantscaping displays. Our search for an able and
expert organization to perform this function led to our
discussions with Tropical Plant Rentals, Inc.”

The Garden’s Horticultural Services Department
was established in 1970, after designers of the Equi-
table Building approached Garden officials with a re-
quest for expert interior plantscaping services. Since
then, the scope of the Garden’s plantscaping services
has grown to include a number of office buildings,
banks, hospitals, restaurants and shopping centers.

TPR, established in 1963, is involved primarily in
the business of plant rental, plantscape design and
maintenance in the Chicago area. It has built a strong
reputation for expertise and reliability among its
Chicago clientele, and will provide that same strong
level of service to its clients in the St. Louis area, Dr.
Raven said.

“In fact,” Dr. Raven added, “TPR will immediately
establish a St. Louis branch office to serve its local
customers.”

During the past three years, TPR has expanded its
activities throughout the Midwest and has also
reached agreements for horticultural services with
overseas Clientele, principally in the Middle East, ac-
cording to James Leider, president of TPR.

“We are very pleased with the prospect of becom-
ing a part of the St. Louis community,” said Leider.
“We are very confident that we are capable of con-
tinuing the same level of expert service provided by
the Garden's professional horticultural staff.”

Tearoom Fare

The Tower Grove House Tearoom is now offering
two salad lunches. Choose between a fruit plate or
chicken salad for $4.50. These lunches are served
from 11:30 a.m.-12:30 p.m., Tuesdays and Thursdays
by reservation only. Call 773-9000 for reservations.

The MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN BULLETIN is published

12 issues per year monthly by the Missouri Botanical Garden,
2345 Tower Grove Avenue, St. Louis, Mo.63110. Second class
postage paid at St. Louis, Mo. $5.00 per year. $6.00 foreign

Bulgarian Botanist Here On
Exchange Program

J
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‘) = 4 Dr. Mincho Anchev

The Garden, a leading center for botanical re-
search, often plays host to visiting scientists. For
example, the calendar year of 1978 already has seen
botanists from Israel, Colombia, Venezuela, Ger-
many, South Africa, and Ghana working with various
members of our research staff.

Presently, Dr. Mincho E. Anchev of the Institute of
Botany of the Bulgarian Academy of Science is work-
ing here. His visit is part of an exchange program
between the Bulgarian and U.S. Academy of Sci-
ences. This program involves not only botanists, but
also zoologists, chemists and other scientists from
both countries.

Dr. Anchev’s field of interest is cytotaxonomy, the
study of chromosomes and their behavior. He re-
ceived his Ph.D. in 1973 for work with the genus
Galium (Rubiaceae, Madder family), and has con-
tinued studying cytotaxonomic relationships of other
genera in this family. He is also a contributing author
in the flora of Bulgaria (Flora Republicae Popularis
Bulgaricae). With the seventh volume of this flora
soon to be published, Dr. Anchev has begun to con-
centrate on other questions relating to plant popula-
tion dynamics.

Human disturbances in natural populations of
plants have made the very active progress of both
weedy and non-weedy colonizing species more evi-
dent. Some of the questions Dr. Anchev seeks to
answer are: what are the origins and distributions of
the different plant forms? what are the breeding sys-
tems of these populations? how successful is each
system?

Seeking a genus to serve as a model for this study,
Dr. Anchev chose Alyssium (Cruciferae, Mustard fam-
ily). This genus has at least 13 known species in Bul-
garia and is closely related to Lesqueruella in
America. For the past two years in Bulgaria, he has
been determining the number of chromosomes in
each Bulgarian species of A/yssum. Part of his pur-
pose in coming to the Garden has been to further his
Studies in this genus.

Several members of the Garden's staff use cytol-
ogy as one of the tools in their research. These
people include Dr. Peter Raven, who works with
Onagraceae (Evening Primrose family), Dr. Peter

Goldblatt, with Iridaceae (Iris family) and Dr. Gerrit
Davidse with Gramineae (Grass family). Dr. Anchev
chose to come to the Garden to study the techniques
used by these people, particularly Dr. Raven.

As part of his research, Dr. Anchev has been study-
ing methods of fixing flower buds and staining
chromosomes. Very young buds are necessary for
making observations of chromosomes during
meiosis. These observations aid in the study of hy-
bridization. Use of the scanning electron microscope
at Washington University has enabled him to obtain
valuable information concerning morphological differ-
ences between species of A/yssum. He is also work-
ing on a survey he hopes to publish of the literature
concerning population biology.

As an outgrowth of his visit, several interesting new
projects have been begun. Working with John Elsley
and members of the Garden's staff, Dr. Anchev is
planning an exchange of plants between the Garden
and the botanical garden near the Bulgarian capital,
Sofiya. He has prepared an initial list of 11 species of
Bulgarian trees and shrubs that the Garden will culti-
vate here.

The idea of introducing plants from central Europe
into cultivation in Missouri is not a new one, but began
more than 40 years ago with the work of the late
Edgar Anderson, a former director of the Garden. He
visited the Balkan countries and returned with three
varieties of ivy. Among these the Bulgarian Ivy (Hedra
helix) was the most successful, and can be seen in
the Garden’s mausoleum area.

While preparing his list, Dr. Anchev, who knew of
these transplants, kept in mind Dr. Anderson’s obser-
vations of the peculiarites of Missouri's “soy bean”
climate. Dr. Anderson had noted that Bulgaria at ap-
proximately 42°N latitude and Missouri between 36-
39°N have similarities in their climate which would
allow the same plants to grow in both countries.

The extinction of plant species in Europe, due to
glaciation during the Pleistocene, accounts for what
Dr. Anchev considers to be one of the most interest-
ing things he has seen in Missouri; that is the higher
diversity of tree species here. Compared to Bulgaria,
Missouri has more species of trees and other peren-
nials.

In other less scientific respects, he has found St.
Louis to be very similar to his hometown of Sofiya
(population 919,037). The American people were also
as he had expected from viewing American movies,
television programs and reading newspapers.

While in America, Dr. Anchev plans to visit the U.S.
National Herbarium and the Smithsonian Institution.
He also will be visiting American colleagues at the
University of California's Berkeley, Davis and Los
Angeles campuses. In Los Angeles, he will visit with
Dr. Harlan Lewis, former advisor of Dr. Raven and
co-author with him on several papers. Dr. Lewis also
works with Onagraceae.

While working at the Garden, Dr. Anchev has lec-
tured on the flora and vegetation of Bulgaria.

3

Mrs. Nora Stern: Profile In Service

Mrs. Nora (Walter G.) Stern has become a familiar
figure at the Garden. As president of the Executive
Board of the Members, 1969 to 1972 and currently
from 1977 to 1979, she has been active in a variety of
Garden events.

The recent Picnic at the Garden, on June 10, is an
example in point. Whether she was arranging for
hostesses to be present at various points in the Gar-
den, greeting guests and friends or tucking a bottle of
wine into a picnic basket, her presence assured the
smooth running event that brought raves from all who
attended. Though such special events have become
routine to Nora, these are only a small part of her
responsibilities as president. Serving on the board

Mrs. Nora Stern, left,
president of the Executive
Board of the Members, and
Mrs. Mim Kittner, first vice
president, preside over the
board's recent annual
meeting.

she directs are the guide chairman, volunteer co-
ordinator, preview party chairman, trip chairman,
Historical Committee liaison, Garden Gate Shop
representative, membership and development
representatives.

In addition to serving as president, Mrs. Nora Stern
has served as chairman of the preview party commit-
tee, preview party hostess, and Chrysanthemum ball
Official. She also serves on the board of Mary Insti-
tute.

Those who have worked with Mrs. Nora Stern con-
sider the association a pleasure. The Garden is proud
to salute Mrs. Nora Stern for her continuing record of
service.

She Windian ase

A new feature in the Plant Shop will be called the
“Garden Corner.” For sale will be selected cuttings of
plant materials growing in the Climatron. Among the
potential varieties will be succulents, tropicals and or-
chids. These will be for sale on a periodic basis as
they become available.

Don't forget Plant Shop gift certificates for those
special occasions. The Plant Shop is retailing daily, 10
a.m. to 4:30 p.m., seven days a week.

4

“Africana” Is Theme Of
Cactus Society Show

The Floral Display House will provide the setting for
the annual show of the Henry Shaw Cactus Society.
The theme this year is “Africana,” with members of
the Society placing entries in a number of sections.
The show will run from August 26 through September
4. There is no charge other than the regular admis-
sion to the Garden.

Education
Depariment
Prepares
For

Future

The Garden’s new Education/Visitor Orientation
Center, responding to community needs in the field of
education, is coming close to reality. The new center
will significantly increase the Garden’s capacity and
diversity for classes, lectures and workshops. To
meet this increased demand and in anticipation of this
increased versatility, several new appointments have
been made in the Education Department.

Ken Peck will be responsible for continuing educa-
tion programs, which will include adult education, the
answerman service, the development of a teacher
resource center, out-state services and workshops.

Mr. Peck has had a long and fruitful association
with the Garden, going back 21 years. He is a
graduate of Duke University with an advanced degree
in botany. Many articles and papers written by Mr.
Peck have been published in various publications. He
is married, the father of five children and resides with
his family in Webster Groves.

Calla Smorodin has been appointed chairman and

Mr. Kenneth Peck

}

Mrs. Calla Smorodin

administrative manager of program development for
the Education Department. As such, she will be re-
sponsible for developing liaisons with local school
districts, working with the State Department of Educa-
tion, writing proposals and developing new educa-
tional programs.

Mrs. Smorodin looks forward to the continuing chal-
lenge of this new opportunity at the Garden.

For the past two years, Mrs. Smorodin has served
as project manager, Environmental Education Train-
ing Project at the Garden, a cooperative program with
the St. Louis Public Schools funded by the U.S. Office
of Environmental Education.

Prior to that, Mrs. Smorodin served in the Division
of Planning and Program Development for the St. Louis
Public Schools. She is currently at work on her mas-
ter’s degree at St. Louis University, is married to a St.
Louis University associate professor of education and
has two children, both students at the university.

BUYER GUIDES — Mrs. Sue Chalfant, left, and Mrs. Betty Sims, two
of the volunteer buyers who serve the Garden Gate Shop, inspect
some of the ususual items currently available at the shop. Other
members of the Shop's corps of volunteer buyers include Mrs.
Margaret Baldwin, Mrs. Celeste Lipscomb and Mrs. Betty Freeman.

“A Little Night Music”
set For August 24

A new event has been scheduled for the Garden on
Thursday, August 24. For the first time, the entire
Garden will be open in the evening and will be illumi-
nated by candles placed along the walkways, lending
an air of magic to a very special evening.

Entitled “A Little Night Music,” the evening will fea-
ture some very special entertainment, a variety of
interest to both adults and children.

The colorful Arrow, a 70-foot hot air balloon, will be
inflated and tethered adjacent to the Japanese Gar-
den; a cricket demonstration will be staged behind
Tower Grove House; Henry Shaw’s country house will
take on a special charm during the candlelight tours
of the entire house; music will be provided by a string
trio, strolling musicians and madrigal singers. The
event is scheduled for 7-10 p.m., with no charge for
members and regular gate admission for guests.

Come join us for this special evening.

sunshine and summertime...A Garder

a
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FABOOOOOOOO

Mrs. Nora Stern, president of the Executive Board of the Members,
welcomes guests to picnic fare.

ae

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ee
.*=
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Afternoon feast, picnic-style, in Garden setting.

6

nic on the Grass ——

~~

the tram system which went into operation in April.

Nearly 700 Garden guests were on hand on Satur-
day, June 10, to enjoy a Picnic at the Garden, a
unique event which featured basket suppers on the
Garden grounds and public performances by the St.
Louis Soma Theatre, the Grand Fuzz, the St. Louis
Banjo Club, the Brass Quintet of the St. Louis Sym-
phony Youth Orchestra and Simone, the Bellydancer.

As part of the celebration, a display entitled “Herbs
in Art” was presented by the St. Louis Herb Society in
the Museum Building.

Proceeds from the highly-successful event will go
toward the cost of the Garden’s new electric,
environmentally-sound public transportation system,

Entertainment Bieigad by the big brass of the Grand Fuzz band.

- ie “y
ee .

Picnic guests make use of the Garden's new tram system.

-

A Visit to the Arboretum

Bee tor

Monet: Gardener And Artist

It is not unusual for a particular place or a particular
object to figure importantly in an artist's life oeuvre. It
is unusual when the artist himself creates such a
place, as Monet did at Giverny.

“Monet at Giverny,” the special exhibition of the St.
Louis Art Museum, covers the efforts of the artist to
capture what his mind’s eye beheld of the lush garden
setting he created. Monet withdrew to the pastoral life
at Giverny in 1883 and began to devise a garden of
lush texture, colors and shapes in rectangular beds.
He was his own gardener until he hired one in 1892.

In 1893, Monet bought the marshy tract across the
railroad tracks and began the garden which became
the focus of both his life and art in his final years. A
pond fed by a stream, the Ru, was excavated;
gingkos, willows, Japanese cherries were planted; a
Japanese style footbridge placed across the narrow
end of the pond; the pond itself planted with the water-
lilies that recur in his last works: in brief, a garden of
Oriental inspiration but in important respects — easily
comprehensible by comparison with the Japanese
Garden here — not an Oriental garden. Especially does
it diverge in its ignoring of symbolic aspects. Its artist
and orchestrator was, after all, of the Impressionist
school that was fascinated by the mechanics of
vision.

Monet was not engaged in putting his garden on
canvas. He was portraying evanescence of the gar-
den: the changes of color, light and life. Though few of
his pictures are portraits, his canvases are concerned
with people as the garden is wrought by man. Paint-
ing what he saw was a frustratingly unrealized goal
for Monet. And who has essayed a garden who can-
not comprehend Monet's frustration?

Monet at Giverny, about 1926 (photo by Nickolas Moray, courtesy of
the Metropolitan Museum of Art, The Museum of Modern Art, New
York).

R. H. Daley Appointed
To New Garden Post

Richard H. Daley

Richard H. Daley has been appointed special as-
sistant to Dr. Peter H. Raven, Garden director, effec-
tive July 1, 1978. In his new post, Mr. Daley will be
involved in long term projects on behalf of the director.
His first assignment is to seek funding for the rehabili-
tation and restoration of the Garden's historical build-
ings.

Mr. Daley has been at the Garden for more than
five years. He was appointed chairman of the Ecolog-
ical Services Department in September, 1977, and
has been involved in the study of endangered species
in Missouri, an ongoing project.

Mr. Daley holds a graduate degree in ecology from
Colorado State University. He is married and lives on
the grounds of the Shaw Arboretum.

Garden Receives
Foundation Grant

The National Science Foundation, one of the na-
tion’s premiere scientific organizations, has awarded
the Garden a grant to support the ongoing series of
Annual Systematics Symposia held here. Foundation
support of this important program, approved on scien-
tific merit for approximately five years, is evidence of
the high reputation the Garden enjoys among na-
tional scientific and cultural institutions.

The Systematics Symposia at the Garden attract
botanists and research scientists from around the na-
tion each year, as well as scientists from international
institutions. They provide a public forum for the ex-
change of ideas and research conclusions in sys-
tematics and other topics.

The program is under the direction of Dr. Gerrit
Davidse, Assistant Curator of Botany at the Garden.

9

Gardening in St. Louis

SEHD H RARER TD

The hot days of August do not inspire vigorous
gardening. However, certain tasks do need to be
done. Cool fall crops not planted late in July should be
planted immediately. Work up the soil, adding organic
matter and a balanced fertilizer such as 12-12-12.
Rake the ground, level and sow seed. Seed at this
time of the year should be planted somewhat deeper
than in the spring, when soils were cooler and more
moisture existed. Keep the ground moderately moist
until seeds germinate and then mulch immediately to
control weeds. Good vegetables for planting now are
carrots, lettuce (particularly some of the leaf and head
lettuces), broccoli, cabbage, cauliflower, radishes and
spinach. These plants, although they will grow slowly
when first started, will gradually increase growth rates
as nights become cooler and will amply reward the
gardener with vegetables later on.

Annuals on display can be improved by cutting
back heavily and following with a feeding of a liquid
fertilizer and, if needed, spraying with a good fun-
gicide such as Captan or Benlate. In a short time,
plants will begin to flower and continue into the fall
months.

Rose and Lawn Care

Roses should receive their last feeding of balanced
fertilizer. Continue spray programs for the control of
leaf blight and mildew as well as to keep insects
under control. Roses that have been adequately
tended, with proper amounts of water and fertilizer,
should be growing well and should reward the grower
with flowers throughout the next two to three months.
When watering make sure that it penetrates. Water
every 10 to 12 days.

Lawns should be checked for signs of sod web-
worm. If this is a problem, spray immediately with
Diazinon according to directions. Apply to the lawn
when it is moderately moist or follow with a good
watering. Repeat in seven to 10 days for at least two
more applications. Prepare to reseed bare areas late
in August or early September.

Flower Drying

This is an excellent time to collect flowers for dry-
ing. One good method is to hang them upside down
to air dry in a dark area. By this method the flowers
retain much of their form and color. First, strip off the
leaves, fasten the flowers in little bunches by twisting
a rubber band or tie a wire loosely around the stems
and hang them from a clothes line in a garage, attic or
closet. Drying time varies from a few days to more
than a week. The more quickly flowers dry, the truer
their colors remain. Flowers that are good to dry in-
clude daisy, salvia, marigold, baby’s breath, cattail,
goldenrod, Queen Anne's lace, yarrow and wild
grass. Small delicate flowers and grasses should be
dried flat by laying them on fine wire screens or ele-

10

vated above the floor. They should also be kept in a
dark, dry place.

Another technique for drying plants is to cover them
with a moisture absorbing mixture. You may purchase
selica jel crystals at garden supply houses, florist
shops and garden centers under a variety of trade
names, or you can make your own moisture absorb-
ing mix by combining equal parts of household borax
and cornmeal. Clean white sand also works well. Be-
fore you put the flowers in the drying mixture remove
the stems, insert a piece of florist wire through the
center of each bloom, make a small hook at the end
of the florist wire, pull the wire through the flower until
the hook catch is hidden by the flower petals and cut
the wire to two-inch length. After the flowers have
dried you can make stems any length you want by
adding more wire to the two-inch length and wrapping
the entire stem with green florist tape. Dried flowers
make ideal arrangements for the winter months.

This is a good month for visiting other gardens and
making note of flowers you want to have for your
own garden next year or of changes that need to be
made.

—Robert J. Dingwall
Chief Horticulturist

KEITH WEST,
ILLUSTRATOR

Fuchsia excorticata

An old friend has been back at the Garden for the
last few weeks, working on his illustrations in the
botany department. Keith West, noted botanical illus-
trator, is staff artist for the Department of Scientific
and Industrial Research in Christchurch, New Zea-
land.

Mr. West has collaborated with Tamra and Peter
Raven on a research project and is illustrator of their
book, The Genus Epilobium (Onagraceae) in Aus-
tralasia: a systematic and evolutionary study. |In addi-
tion, he was the artist who drew Trelease’s larkspur,
prints of which are available for sale at the Garden
Gate Shop.

Mr. West will make several other visits to botanical
institutions in this country before returning to New
Zealand via England and Africa. The Garden looks
forward to his return in 1980.

Tours

Members’ Trip To Winterthur

The Tower Grove House Historical Committee is
sponsoring a four-day tour October 9-12, which in-
cludes private morning and afternoon tours of the
Winterthur Museum, former home of Henry Francis
duPont, with its unique collection of American furni-
ture, silver and art objects from 1640 to 1840. Other
highlights of the tour will be historical houses in the
Germantown and Fairmont Park areas of Philadel-
phia. A tour of “Andalusia,” the Greek revival man-
sion, will be a highlight of the visit to Bucks County,

Pa.
Space is limited. For further information and reser-

vations, call Montclair Travel, 367-3000, or Tower
Grove House, 773-9000.

ee

Hawaiian Tours Scheduled

A Garden tour of Hawaii is being planned for next
January and February by the Members’ Office and
Tauck Tours. Members should receive brochures de-
scribing the trip within the next two months, but may
obtain additional information immediately by contact-
ing the Members’ Office at the Garden, 772-7600.

The tour itinerary will feature the neighbor islands
where true Hawaii still lingers, including eight days on
Molokai, Hawaii, Maui and Kauai. In addition, five
days are planned for a visit to the main island of Oahu
and colorful Honolulu, the island state’s capital city.

)—“
springtime For Members
In Australia, Tahiti

Escape the onset of winter in Missouri by joining
Garden members on a tour to New Zealand, Australia
and Tahiti, November 3 through 25 — spring in the
land “down under”!

Isolated from the rest of the world for 50 million
years, these land masses have evolved many unique
species of flora. Among these are the strange “black
boy” grass tree and the ancient palms of Central
Australia. Orchids abound in tropical Queensland
while other wildflower varieties extend throughout all
climate zones. Special botanical tours to private gar-
dens by local horticultural societies have been ar-
ranged for this trip.

The tour will be escorted by Dr. Marshall Crosby,
director of research at the Garden. Cost includes
round trip air transportation from St. Louis, first class
hotel accommodations, most (33) meals, cruises on
Milford Sound and the Hawkesbury River, all admis-
sions and sightseeing as listed in itinerary and many
more exciting highlights. For additional information
and a brochure, call the Members’ Office at 772-
7600, ext. 25.

Organic Gardening
Workshop

A one-day workshop on Organic Gardening will be
given at the Shaw Arboretum from 10 a.m. to 3 p.m.
on Saturday, August 12. The instructor for this work-
shop will be William Davit, naturalist on the Arboretum
staff. The culture of vegetables using natural methods
and materials will be discussed. Soil preparation,
mulching, and composting techniques will be
demonstrated in the instructor's garden on the
Arboretum grounds.

The fee for this workshop will be $8, or $6 for Gar-
den members. Advance registration is required: call
772-7600, extension 81. Participants will meet at the
Visitor Center at Shaw Arboreum in Gray Summit,

Mo.

Mark Your Calendar

Aug. 6
Aug. 24

Ice Cream Social — 1-4 p.m.
An Evening in the Garden —

“A Little Night Music” —
7-10 p.m.

Aug. 26-Sept. 4

9 a.m.-5 p.m.

MEMBERSHIP — JUNE 1978

HENRY SHAW ASSOCIATES

Mr./Mrs. Howard F. Baer
Mr./Mrs. Joseph H. Bascom
Mr. Watson K. Blair

Mrs. Watson K. Blair

Mr./Mrs. G. A. Buder, Jr.
Mr./Mrs. Sam’! C. Davis
Mr./Mrs. Guy W. Fiske, Jr.

Mr. James H. Howe, III
Mr./Mrs. Stanley F. Jackes
Mrs. John V. Janes

Mrs. Irene C. Jones

Dr./Mrs. H. Kendig

Mrs. John S. Lehmann

Mrs. Florence T. Morris

Mr. Spencer T. Olin

Mr./Mrs. W. R. Orthwein, Jr.
Mrs. Howard E. Ridgway
Mr./Mrs. Frederic M. Robinson
Mrs. Gladney Ross

Mr. S. C. Sachs

Mr./Mrs. Daniel L. Schlafly
Mr./Mrs. Warren M. Shapleigh
Mr./Mrs. Sydney Shoenberg, Jr.
Mrs. Tom K. Smith, Sr.
Mr./Mrs. Tom K. Smith, Jr.
Mr./Mrs. C. C. Johnson Spink
Mrs. Hermann F. Spoehrer
Mr./Mrs. Jack L. Turner

Mrs. Ben H. Wells

Mr./Mrs. Richard K. Weil

DIRECTOR’S ASSOCIATES

Mr./Mrs. Alexander M. Bakewell
Mr. Clarence C. Barksdale
Mr./Mrs. David C. Farrell

Mr./Mrs. August Homeyer
Mr./Mrs. Eldridge Lovelace
Mr./Mrs. A. Timon Primm, Ill
Mr./Mrs. Robert A. Ridgway
Mrs. Mason Scudder

Miss Harriet J. Tatman
Mr./Mrs. Harold E. Thayer
Mr./Mrs. Andrew R. Zinsmeyer

INCREASE IN MEMBERSHIP —

JUNE 1978

SPONSORING
Mr. L. H. Moeser

SUSTAINING

Mr./Mrs. John E. Burrows
Mrs. Clark P. Fiske

Mrs. Don Johnston

Dr./Mrs. D. M. Keefe
Mr./Mrs. Walter G. Majtas, Jr.
Mr./Mrs. Robert D. Palmer

CONTRIBUTING

Mr./Mrs. John R. Barsanti, Jr.
Miss Bertha Deutsch
Mr./Mrs. Ralph Edwards
Mrs. Alfred J. Fleischer
Mr./Mrs. Mack A. Gale
Mr./Mrs. Sam M. Kennard, Ill
Mrs. Raymond E. Lange
Dr./Mrs. Paul Langlois

Mrs. Walter W. Lorch, Jr.
Dr./Mrs. John J. McNamare
Mr./Mrs. Robert L. Murphy
Mr./Mrs. Andrew Pohl

Member of
The Arts and Education
Fund of Greater St.Louls

Henry Shaw Cactus Society Show
— Floral Display House —

5 (|

Mrs. Seth A. Robins

Mrs. Dorothy D. Smith
Dr./Mrs. Joseph M. Touhill
Mr./Mrs. S. R. Whitelaw

NEW MEMBERSHIPS
CONTRIBUTING

Mr./Mrs. Charles Agles
Mr./Mrs. Thomas A. Beckmann
Mr. Bruce C. Lacoss

Ms. Frances Meyer

REGULAR

Mr./Mrs. J. C. Abbott
Mr./Mrs. W. M. Arendell
Mr./Mrs. Charles Bailey
Mr./Mrs. G. A. Balke
Mr./Mrs. K. O. Barr
Mr./Mrs. T. Bayer
Mr./Mrs. Stanley J. Bernstein
Mr./Mrs. E. G. Bloch
Dr./Mrs. A. G. Boldizar
Mr./Mrs. R. M. Brumby
Dr./Mrs. T. A. Burdick
Mr. Daniel Cahill
Mr./Mrs. P. D. Callahan
Ms. Jacquellyn Campbell
Mr./Mrs. Jack Carey
Mr./Mrs. R. L. Carlson
Mr./Mrs. Robert J. Casey
Ms. M. E. Cavanaugh
Mr./Mrs. Victor Cavellero
Ms. Dorothy J. Cline

Mr./Mrs. M. J. Costello, Jr.
Mr./Mrs. M. A. Darrough
Mr./Mrs. C. C. Daugherty
Mr./Mrs. F. J. DeCastro
Mr./Mrs. D. L. Dempsey
Mr./Mrs. C. Dressel, Jr.
Mr./Mrs. Dale Dutton
Mr./Mrs. J. J. Dwyer, Jr.
Mr./Mrs. K. A. Eccles
Mr./Mrs. A. Everding
Mr./Mrs. O. Farmer

Miss Josephine B. Farrington
Mr./Mrs. Harry Ferris
Mr./Mrs. John M. Flachmann
Mrs. Joseph W. Foehr
Mr./Mrs. William R. Frielingsdort
Mr./Mrs. George S. Gilley
Mr./Mrs. Karl Gottleber

Mr. C. Grubbs

Mr./Mrs. Leo Gugliocciello
Mr./Mrs. Roy W. Hake
Mr./Mrs. R. L. Hannon
Mr./Mrs. Joseph Hanrahan
Mr. Robert J. Hauck
Mr./Mrs. John J. Hayes, III
Ms. Holly Heinzmann
Mr./Mrs. Richard A. Hernandez
Mr./Mrs. Harland S. Herrin
Mr. John A. Hinojos

Mrs. Gerri L. Hirst

Mr./Mrs. Glen F. Horton

Ms. Diane M. Johnson
Mr./Mrs. Don A. Johnson
Ms. Tamie Kamiyama
Mr./Mrs. R. D. Kerckhoff, Jr.
Mrs. Nancy Kessinger
Mr./Mrs. Norbert F. Lauer
Ms. Jean Lovati

Mr./Mrs. Robert MacCash
Mr./Mrs. Kenneth MacKesson
Mr./Mrs. John Mackey
Mr./Mrs. Trennis V. Mattingly
Miss Grace R. Mazzoni
Mr./Mrs. Gerald J. McGivern
Mr./Mrs. Lee C. McKinley
Mrs. Audrey C. Meiners
Dr./Mrs. L. E. Mendonsa
Mr./Mrs. Dale Menken
Mr./Mrs. Gregory Michaud
Mr./Mrs. Tim Michels
Dr./Mrs. W. H. Middleton
Ms. Glenda Miles

Mr./Mrs. Donald Mitchell
Mr./Mrs. Donald G. Moeller
Mr./Mrs. James W. Monroe
Mrs. Carl V. Moore

Mrs. Russell B. Nash
Mr./Mrs. John V. Newill

Mr. Greg S. Niedt

Dr./Mrs. Shelton Niehaus
Mr./Mrs. William Odell

Mrs. Helen O'Truk

Mr./Mrs. Philip Paeltz
Mr./Mrs. Sanford Payuk
Mr./Mrs. Wallace R. Persons
Mr./Mrs. Ray Peterson
Mr./Mrs. Don C. Pisoni
Mr./Mrs. Robert F. Pitcher
Mr./Mrs. Lee Quernheim
Ms. Anita J. Rassfeld
Mr./Mrs. Rex E. Reed
Mr./Mrs. Thomas G. Renaud
Ms. Linda S. Ristow
Mr./Mrs. H. E. Roberts

Mr. Fred S. Rogerson
Mr./Mrs. Dominic Rosso

Ms. Jean A. Roth

Mr./Mrs. W. B. Roth-Roffy
Mr./Mrs. J. T. Salmon, Jr.
Mrs. W. L. Santhuff
Mr./Mrs. Harvey R. Scheer
Mr./Mrs. W. F. Schierholz
Mr./Mrs. Richard N. Schiff
Mrs. Violet B. Schoellig

Mr. Jerry Schutz :
Mr./Mrs. John F. Schutz
Miss Mathilda Schwink
Mr./Mrs. Richard L. Sebastian
Ms. Dianne M. Shea
Mr./Mrs. Jack P. Shelnutt
Mr./Mrs. Leonard A. Siebels
Dr./Mrs. W. F. Simms, Jr.
Ms. Wanda J. Simpson
Mr./Mrs. Robert D. Slantz
Mr./Mrs. Charles W. Smith
Mr./Mrs. Robert C. Smith
Mrs. A. Sonnenschein

Ms. Mary E. Standley

Mr. Harvey L. Stumpf

Mrs. Lois J. Sullivan
Mr./Mrs. John Susko
Mr./Mrs. Howard Sutherland
Mr./Mrs. Wilbur F. Taylor
Mr. Don L. Tillofson

Ms. Anne Trout

Mr./Mrs. Robert T. Voepel
Mrs. Lucille Wall

Mr./Mrs. G. E. Wallen
Mr./Mrs. Kenneth H. Weber
Miss Florence C. Wesseln
Mr./Mrs. James Wierzbicki
Mr./Mrs. L. J. Wilkes

Ms. Ollie Mae Williams
Mr./Mrs. William L. Wynne

JUNE TRIBUTES

In Honor of Mrs. Erna
Eisendrath’s Birthday
Ann and John Chafee

In Honor of Mrs. John
Lehmann’s Birthday
Mrs. Jean-Jacques Carnal

In Honor of Mr. & Mrs. C. Powell
Whitehead’s Wedding Anniversary
Leicester and Mary Faust

In Memory of Mr. Floyd Augustine
Mr. & Mrs. Robert W. Smith

In Memory of Emma T. Dee
Dr. and Mrs. George A. Mahe

In Memory of Mrs. James Demorest
Mr. and Mrs. C. Harry Pujol

In Memory of Mr. E. A. Drew
Dr. and Mrs. H. G. Schwartz

In Memory of E. L. Engler
Mrs. Edwin R. Meyer

In Memory of Mrs. Helen M.
Fotheringham
Edwin R. Waldemer

In Memory of Russell E.
Gardner, Jr.
Mr. and Mrs. William H. Charles

In Memory of Mrs. Giesel
Mr. and Mrs. Jack Wulfmeyer

In Memory of Elvin W. Gough

Mr. and Mrs. Greatorex C. Bradshaw

In Memory of Mrs. Milton Greenfield
Mr. and Mrs. Edmund A. Hogbin, Jr.

In Memory of E. A. Hogbin, Jr.
Mr. and Mrs. Maurice Frank
Mrs. Ruth Mennel

In Memory of Mr. Wiebur B. Jones
Mr. and Mrs. Samuel M. Kennard, Ill

In Memory of Louis Jostes
Sign of the Arrow

Thomas C. Hullverson

Mr. and Mrs. Philip J. Weicker

In Memory of Mrs. Arthur Kendall
Elizabeth and Alexander Bakewell

In Memory of Raymond J. Kleine

Mitchell and Marie Grzesiowski

In Memory of Mr. Danny Lander

Mr. and Mrs. Jack Wulfmeyer

In Memory of McMillan Lewis
Betty and Roblee McCarthy

In Memory of Robert G. Moult
Ms. Clara Moult

In Memory of Mrs. A. Margaret O’Haver
Mr. and Mrs. Tom S. Eakin, Jr.

In Memory of Jack L. Oliver
Frances and Harry Weier

In Memory of Mrs. Henry F. Schiller
Mrs. Dwight W. Coultas

In Memory of Mary Ann Speer
Mary V. Ruth
Helen M. Smith

In Memory of Albert E. Stephens
Anita J. Rassfeld

In Memory of J. E. Williamson
Mr. and Mrs. Herbert J. Ralston

In Memory of W. M. Williamson

James and Eloise Weatherby

MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN BULLETIN
2345 Tower Grove Avenue
Saint Louis, Missouri 63110

SECOND CLASS
POSTAGE

PAID
AT ST. LOUIS, MO.

Missouri
Botanical

Garden
Bulletin

A Rose By Any Other Name...

-

Futura, above, orange Hybrid Tea, gold medal winner; and, inset
upper right, Electron, Hybrid Tea.

The world’s oldest cultivated ornamental, the
rose, is held in such esteem that it has two homes at
the Garden and a test garden at the Shaw Arboretum
in Gray Summit, Mo.

Scientifically, the rose is of the botanical order
Rosales, an ornamental and food plant which counts
many well known fruit-bearers among its relatives—
the strawberry, raspberry, blackberry, apple, pear,
peach, apricot and plum. Its blossoms are unparal-
leled in fragrance and color.

Rose history is equally colorful. Fossilized evi-
dence discovered in Oregon and Colorado has dated
the forerunners of the modern rose at between 35
and 70 million years old. The history of its cultivation
is supported by rose-reliefs minted on Central Asian
coins in 4,000 B.C., rose representations on Euro-
pean frescoes in 1600 B.C. and an ancient Coptic

manuscript telling of roses blooming amid the splen-
dor of the Hanging Gardens of Babylon.

Legend, in fact, dates the flower even further into
the past—to the Garden of Eden.

The rose can be traced through history as an
ornament and a medicine in the culture of ancient
Greeks and Romans, as an emblem for the early
Christian church, as a part of coats of arms for royal
families during the Middle Ages.

By 1829, some 2,000 varieties had been de-
veloped and named world-wide. Today that number
exceeds 3,000.

There are some 5,000 examples of 200 rose
species native to the world’s north temperate zones
and higher elevations of south temperate zones in
India and Mexico. The Garden’s specimens are con-
tained in two rose gardens—the Anne L. Lehmann
Rose Garden and the North Rose Garden. Each vari-
ety blooms in cycle during the summer months and
blossoms anew with special brilliance late into the fall.

Behind the scenes is the test garden now located
at the Shaw Arboretum. The Garden is one of 36 test
centers for the All America Rose Selections. In test
plots, experimental hybrids are planted as part of the
AARS program—the beginning of a two-year test for
fragrance, hardiness, disease resistance and color
which each new variety must pass before it is made
available commercially to the nation. Of the 40 or 50
test varieties planted each year, two or three are usu-
ally award winners.

Each year, the award winners are planted in the
Garden’s permanent collection, where visitors may
inspect them for a year before they are presented
commercially to the nation.

Such scientific functions ensure that the botani-
cal and horticultural lore of the rose, beyond its
beauty and fragrance, will remain a focal point in the
living legacy of the Garden.

Volume LXVI Number 9
September 1978

Bootheel Trip Scheduled

Join the Arboretum for a chartered bus trip to
explore various natural features of Missouri's Boot-
heel, September 30-October 1. The tour group will
visit the Mingo Swamp Wildlife Refuge Area (a rem-
nant of the rich and diverse Mississippi flood plain
swamps once occupying vast portions of the south-
eastern corner of the state), Big Oak Tree State Park
(home of numerous state and national champion
sized trees), Holly Ridge (a recently acquired natural
area of the Missouri Department of Conservation),
and Bird Hill (with numerous large specimens of the
native beech).

Jon Hawker, noted local naturalist and profes-
sor of biology, will accompany the group as guest
naturalist. The fee includes chartered bus, motel ac-
commodations, and two lunches. A restaurant stop
will be made for Saturday dinner and Sunday break-

fast, but these are not included. Previous natural
area trips sponsored by the Arboretum have been
filled rapidly, and early registration is suggested.
Fee: members: $42.00 (single occupancy),
$38.00 (double occupancy).
Non-members: $48.00 (single occupancy),
$44.00 (double occupancy).

Members To Tour Hawaii

Enjoy the carefree enchantment of the Islands in
complete luxury as part of a Garden members’ tour.
Included is Oahu, where Honolulu is located, and the
best of the neighbor islands to give you a comforta-
ble, well-balanced program of sightseeing, recreation
and leisure. The tour is scheduled for February 7
through 20, 1979. For further information, call the
Members’ Office at 772-7600, ext. 25.

Pring Memorial Planned For Japanese Garden

Over the years, many individuals and groups
have contributed funds to establish a memorial to
George H. Pring, long-time Garden staff member and
devotee and his wife Isabelle. The decision has been
made to construct a special garden within the
Japanese Garden in the Prings’ name. It is especially
appropriate since this was a favorite area of the
Prings, although of course, the Japanese Garden
was not in existence at that time. The Pring Memorial
Garden has been designed by Koichi Kawana, de-
signer of the Japanese Garden.

This will be a lovely reminder of a man who was
a member of the Garden staff for fifty-seven years,
and a woman who was influential in the establishment
of the auxiliary which operated Tower Grove House.

The Pring Memorial Garden,
planned for the Japanese Garden
and designed by Prof. Koichi
Kawana of UCLA, designer of the
Japanese Garden. |

9

Mr. Pring was born in 1885 in Devonshire and
trained at Kew at a very young age. He came to this
country with a desire to work at the Garden, joining
the staff as foreman of the orchid department in 1906.
His life was devoted to orchids—he judged them,
wrote about them, collected them throughout the
world. Mr. Pring also developed lilies for the pools, a
subject he studied thoroughly.

In 1928, Mr. Pring was appointed Superintendent
of the Garden, a position in which he served until his
retirement in December of 1962. He and Mrs. Pring
remained in the St. Louis area until her death in 1969.
Mr. Pring then moved east to live with his daughter.

The Prings’ devoted service to the Garden will be
commemorated in the lovely new area to be con-
structed in the Japanese Garden.

The Garden
Looks To Its
Future ...
New
Appointments

ae

Arthur M. Dye, Jr.

Several new appointments announced by Dr.
Peter H. Raven, Garden director, emphasize the fact
that the Garden is looking to its future. With the Gar-
den’s development campaign well underway, ground
broken for the new maintenance complex and plans
being finalized for the new Education/Visitor Orienta-
tion Center, new personnel have been appointed to
direct and participate in the Garden’s future develop-
ment.

The Garden extends a warm welcome to
Messrs. Godlewski and Dye and congratulates Mr.
Orner on his promotion.

ARTHUR M. DYE, JR.,

Arthur M. Dye, Jr., has accepted the position of
assistant director effective August 15. He was for-
merly director of development for the Kirksville Col-
lege of Osteopathic Medicine in Kirksville, Missouri. In
that position, he was responsible for college and hos-
pital fund raising, public relations, publications and
alumni activities. He has extensive experience in long
range planning.

In addition, Mr. Dye has served as director of de-
velopment for Wilmington College, Wilmington, Ohio;
and as executive secretary for the American Friends
Service Committee, Philadelphia.

Mr. Dye holds a graduate degree from Putney
Graduate School and had his undergraduate training
at Davidson College in North Carolina.

In a recent interview, Mr. Dye stated that he saw
his role at the Garden as principally one of resource
development. The expanded programs, building re-
habilitation and building program all will require new
resources in order to be carried to completion.

The new assistant director also feels a strong
commitment to the Garden’s neighborhood and to the
community. His sense of excitement about the Gar-
den and its future is quite contagious. He sees gar-
dening as an art form in which everyone is a particip-
ant.

ALAN GODLEWSKI
Alan Godlewski assumed the post of chairman of

harles W. Orner

Alan Godlewski

the department of grounds at the Garden on July 17.
He has spent the past few weeks becoming familiar
with the Garden and the staff, and assessing the con-
dition of the present collection of plants. Mr. God-
lewski will supervise a staff of 13 people in his new
role.

Mr. Godlewski brings special talents and experi-
ence to the Garden. He has been superintendent of
Gardens at Filoli Center, Woodside, California,
supervising the maintenance of 18 acres of formal
gardens, greenhouse production and display, water
gardens, kitchen and perennial gardens. He was re-
sponsible for an educational program that included
personnel training, student intern program, summer
programs for college students, volunteer training and
public education in practical horticultural subjects.

Mr. Godlewski has a master’s degree in horticul-
ture from the University of California, Davis. He has a
strong background and interest in teaching. His hob-
bies include photography, skiing, travel and white
water rafting.

CHARLES W. ORNER

Charles W. Orner has been appointed assistant
director of the Garden and will continue to serve as
controller and secretary of the Board of Trustees.

Mr. Orner has been at the Garden in his present
position for five years. Prior to his appointment he
served as vice president of Morgan Wightman Com-

pany.

Philly Tour Reminder

Just a reminder, if you haven't yet made your re-
servations for the Philadelphia trip, that there is still
time. The Historical Committee of Tower Grove
House is sponsoring a tour October 9, 10, 11 and 12 to
Winterthur Museum and Gardens, Wilmington, Dela-
ware, and outstanding historical homes near
Philadelphia. Space is limited. For information call
Montclair Travel, 367-3000, or Tower Grove House,
773-9000.

2

Fall Plant Sale, Sept. 30-Oct. 1

The third annual fall plant sale will be held in the
Floral Display House on Saturday, September 30 and
Sunday, October 1, from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. Thousands
of plants will be offered at a special 20% discount to
members.

Bears, elephants, turtles and frogs will be attend-
ing with Ms. Carolyn Pokorny, their creator. The ani-
mals are creeping fig (Ficus pumila) topiaries de-
signed by Ms. Pokorny and will, of course, be for sale.

A botanical art show also will complement the
sale. Watercolors of botanical themes by Lisa Carriel
will offer another opportunity to take some of the Gar-
den home with you. A featured item offered for the
first time will be antique “collectable” tree labels dat-
ing to the 1920's. These labels, no longer in use, will
make clever conversation pieces.

Experts will be on hand to answer questions
concerning home horticulture.

‘You Run Wild and Free...
A Child’s View of Nature

During a recent educational session at the Gar-
den, part of the Pitzman summer program, children
were placed in “magic spots” and told to pretend to
be the animal of their choice. Students then wrote
something about what it felt like to be that animal, or
what the animal would do. A sampler:

What It’s Like To Be a Horse
You have a feeling of freedom. You run wild and
free and nobody ever cares. The silence around you
is peaceful and lovely. Other animals around (such as
the raccoon) go along with their own business, never
caring who sees them working. BUT THEN, footsteps
in the grass, laughing, talking, HUMANS. As quick as
a streak of lightning every animal fleds in terror, even
me the brave and beautiful horse fleds from the sight
of them. They bring fires, and destroy our means of
living. But soon they have passed and life begins
again.
—Amy W.

Being a Animal
Raccoon

Animals crawl, walk, swimm, slide.

Animals eat one another

It's some of a food chain.

All animals are nice in some way.

But sometimes the balance of nature is upset, by
man mostly.

Many animals are in terror of being killed. But
now, animals are being saved. Animals are beautiful.
But some animals called humans don't think this way.
If only something would change their views.

Being a animal is easily said but not easily done.

—Jill D.

a os

>» is
Planning a plant purchase, during the Garden's highly-successful
1977 Fall Plant Sale.

Members’ Tour ‘Down Under’

Each spring in Christchurch, New Zealand, the
population is feverishly involved in the annual com-
petition for the judging of the most beautiful gardens
on public and private grounds. With its 2,120 hours of
annual sunshine and equable climate, producing fan-
tastic growth and riotous color, Christchurch truly de-
serves its title of “Garden City.”

As one of its special features, the November 3
Garden tour to New Zealand, Australia and Tahiti has
been invited to visit many of the award-winning pri-
vate gardens where native flowers can be seen, in-
cluding the Kowhai, Kaka’s Beak, Clematis and Eus-
Chia.

Tour members also will be privileged to visit Mil-
ton Park Gardens in Bowral, New South Wales, Au-
Stralia. This 1,200-acre property contains a beautifully
landscaped spring garden with lilacs, dogwoods,
rhododendrons and azaleas. There are walls and
blocks of sandstone and the largest piece, weighing
several tons, forms a trough and fountain in the sun-
ken garden.

Other highlights include a Milford Sound cruise
and a visit to an authentic Australian sheep station.

Since spring in that unbelievable land “down
under” is in our fall, the tour departs November 3 and
returns November 25, 1978, so that members may
enjoy the South Pacific scenery at its finest.

Tour price is $2,916.00, including deluxe hotel
accommodations, all air fare and most meals. For
further information, call the Garden, 772-7600, or
Montclair Travel, 367-3000.

The MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN BULLETIN ts published
12 issues per year monthly by the Missouri Botanical Garden,
2345 Tower Grove Avenue, St. Louis, Mo.63110. Second class
postage paid at St. Louis, Mo. $5.00 per year. $6.00 foreign

Garden Participates In Mark Twain Summer Institute

The Mark Twain Summer Institute has been pro-
viding enriching and challenging learning experi-
ences for the area’s exceptional secondary school
students for 20 years. The Institute draws upon in-
stitutions and universities and their faculties to offer
such courses as astronomy, advanced biology, ex-
perimentation physics, chemistry, music, art, drama,
philosophy, Chinese, Russian, computer and creative
writing.

This year the Garden participated by offering a
course in botany. The class met for 3/2 hours each
day from June 19 to July 28, for a program designed
to give the students a glimpse of the cultural, political
and economic aspects of botanical activities and
botany as a pure science.

The Garden’s Desert House, Climatron, Mediter-
ranean House and herbarium were educational
backdrops for lectures on medical botany, plant
nomenclature, flower and vegetative structures, de-
sert plants, rain forests, flower pollination and gras-
ses.

Students participated in a review of research car-
ried out by botanists on the staff. One, in which the
Leakey Foundation solicited Dr. William D'Arcy in
1975 to study the vegetation of the African mountain
gorilla’s habitat and diet, gave students an insight into
the political problems of trying to save that animal and
habitat from extinction. Another research project of
Dr. Peter Goldblatt’s for the USDA illustrated the use
of botany to study a political and economic
problem—how to eliminate illegal heroin traffic while
ensuring medicinal and therapeutic drug derivatives
from the opium poppy. Dr. Goldblatt, after investigat-
ing relatives of the opium poppy, was able to collect

Bill D’Arcy, center, and (age
Jan Saunders, of the
Garden staff, supervise
a Climatron botany ¥
class as part of the (ame
1978 Mark Twain &
Summer Institute 4% “a
program.

seeds to initiate cultivation of Papover bracteatun,
which provided the beneficial drugs but no heroin de-
rivation.

Dr. D’Arcy explored the concept of tropical rain
forests, the plants of which are so well represented in
the Climatron, and the significance of trying to save
some of these valuable regions in Central and South
America.

John Elsley introduced students to some of the
philosophic suggestions of Japanese gardens in rela-
tion to the culture and religious beliefs of Japan. The
lotus, the iris and the pine convey symbolic meaning
to the Eastern mind, while the arrangement of the
garden itself subtly refers to greater themes of life.
The Japanese Garden, Seiwa-En, exemplifies many
of the expressions of Japan’s gardens.

In addition to the Garden's facilities, students vis-
ited several industries to study the economic signifi-
cance of plants. A field trip to Ralston Purina’s protein
division enlightened students to the future importance
of soy protein in meeting the world’s food needs. Dis-
cussing Monsanto’s agricultural products research
emphasized the role that increased understanding of
plant physiology coupled with chemistry and
economics plays in stimulating productivity and profit
for farmers. Seeing the fermentation process at the
Anheuser-Busch brewery awakened students to the
importance of plant products (rice, barley, hops,
beech chips) and organisms (yeasts) in brewing beer.

The course enabled students to utilize the re-
sources of the Garden and the community to fulfill the
goal of the Institute for an enriched and unique learn-

ing experience for its students.

Garden Poipourni, Summer Si

Henry Shaw's
Birthday Party,
a recent
carnival-under
canvas at the
Garden.

Japanese Garden wood ducks are welcomed by Dr. Peter H. Lori Pollack, a Purdue University student working at the Garden for the
Raven, Garden director (left); Alan Godlewski, chairman of the summer, is hip-deep in her pool-cleaning duties.

Department of Grounds (center); and Karl Slagle of the Missouri

Department of Conservation (right).

6

A special Neighborhood Garden Party, organized by the
Membership Committee of the Executive Board, treated
residents of the Garden's neighborhood to an evening tour,
displays by the various Garden departments, refreshments
and fun. Clockwise from above, Garden displays attract
visitor interest; clowns and kids add to the festivities; and
visitors use the new electric tram system to “get around.”

Oakland, 19th Century
home, is surrounded by
oak trees given by Henry
Shaw to his friend, Lewis

Benoist, and bears a
resemblance to Tower
Grove House. *

wea «

Pilgrimage Week Is September 22-October 1

With much of its original Victorian furnishings in-
tact, Tower Grove House on the Garden grounds will
be one of the most popular attractions during St.
Louis’ sixth annual Historic Pilgrimage, a week-long
program of tours and special events to be held Sep-
tember 22-October 1.

Landmarks Association of St. Louis, Inc., and the
Missouri Historical Society are co-sponsors of the
event, which will feature 24 outstanding Pilgrimage
locations, including several private residences.

A tour of the near South Side on Sunday, Oc-
tober 1, will feature Tower Grove House and the
Chatillon-DeMenil House, a Greek Revival style
house elaborately decorated with ornamental iron-
work. The Lemp Mansion, former home of St. Louis
brewer William Lemp, will be the featured luncheon
stop, and a walking tour of the ambitious renovation
work being done in the LaSalle Park area will round
out the day’s Pilgrimage.

Other tours will visit:

Oakland: Italianate country estate built in 1852 by
Louis A. Benoist, a close friend of Henry Shaw. De-
signed by Shaw’s architect, George |. Barnett, Oak-
land shares many structural similarities with Tower
Grove House.

Hawkin House: A Greek Revival style, two-story
brick house built in 1857 by the son of the maker of
the famous Hawkin rifle, features a 19th century
flower and herb garden with sundial in the rear of the
house.

Laumeier Memorial Park: A peaceful park, once
a family estate, containing more than 40 pieces of
sculpture by St. Louis sculptor Ernest Trova. The

8

ee” \ sate

main house, an elegant stone mansion, is used as an
art gallery featuring rotating exhibits.

St. Charles Wine Garden: Lunch will be served at
this outdoor restaurant on a bluff overlooking the Mis-
souri River, during a pause in a day-long visit to St.
Charles, Mo.

The National Shrine of Our Lady of the Snows:
Lunch at the Shrine will be followed with a riding tour
of the grounds during the visit to the Cahokia and
Belleville, Ill., areas.

A variety of other attractions will also be on tap
during Historic Pilgrimage ‘78, including the St. Louis
Miniature Exhibition at the Chase-Park Plaza, Sep-
tember 22-24; an exhibit of 19th century costumes,
quilts and coverlets at the Madison County Historical
Society; the annual Arts and Crafts Fair at the Sap-
pington House, October 1; and a slide show, “Lac-
lede’s Landing ... An Historic Perspective,” shown
daily at 9:30 am. in the Missouri Historical Society,
Jefferson Memorial, Forest Park.

The cost for the “Bus and Lunch” tour is $16.50
per person and includes transportation, guided tour,
lunch and all admission fees. Tours will be held Tues-
day, September 26 through Sunday, October 1.

A free descriptive brochure listing all tours and
houses is available by contacting the Missouri Histor-
ical Society. Reservations for bus tours close Sep-
tember 15 and early reservations are recommended.

For information, tour reservations or tickets, con-
tact Mrs. Mary Daly, Missouri Historical Society, Jef-
ferson Memorial Building, Forest Park, St. Louis, Mo.
63112, telephone: 314/361-1424.

Tropical Biology Study

The Committee on Research Priorities in Tropical
Biology, of which Dr. Peter H. Raven is chairman, met
at the Garden for the second time in July, to discuss
present and projected rates of tropical forest destruc-
tion and to establish the methodology for a survey
into the matter.

To quote from the Committee's report:

“The tropical moist forest biome is biotically the
richest and most complex region on earth. Scientifi-
cally it is the least explored. In terms of survival pros-
pects, it is often considered to be the most threatened
biome on earth. If present land-use trends and exploi-
tation patterns persist, large parts of the region will be
grossly disrupted if not destroyed during the course of
the next few decades. This impoverishment would
mark a significant and irreversible loss to society, now
and forever.”

The principle purpose of the survey will be to
document and analyze the present extent and nature
of the destruction of tropical forests.

Staff Art Exhibit

Members of the Garden staff will exhibit all forms
of artwork at a special show scheduled from Sep-
tember 11 to October 15, in the John S. Lehmann
Building lobby. Represented will be drawings, photo-
graphs, paintings, prints, woodcarvings and
sculpture.

Tower Grove
House ==3
Christmas ~
Card \

A winter scene of Tower
Grove House, right, will be the ut.
subject of the Garden's 1978 pam
Christmas cards, currently
available at the Garden Gate
Shop. The cards, in full color,
are packaged 20 to a box
and sell for $5.50. Through
September 30, a special
members’ offer will be in
effect — $4.50 per 20-card
box.

Landscape Design, Course Ill

Course IIl, Landscape Design Study in the con-
tinuing series, will be offered on October 10 and 11,
at the J. C. Penney Continuing Education Building at
the University of Missouri-St. Louis. The course is
open to the public, with no prerequisites.

The instructors are horticulturists, botanists,
foresters, and landscape design architects.

One section of the course, entitled “Plants and
Design” and scheduled for 1:15 to 2:45 p.m. Wednes-
day, October 11, will be conducted by Robert J.
Dingwall, the Garden's chief horticulturist.

For assistance in understanding the course
material, the following reading assignments are
suggested: An Introduction to Landscape Archi-
tecture, Laurie (Pp. 45-84; 133-166); Landscape
Architecture, Simonds (Pp. 1-41); The Book of Landa-
scape Design, Ortloff and Raymore (Pp. 213-264;
278-290); and Redoing America, Faltermayer (Pp.
1-118).

Any questions about the course should be di-
rected to Dorothy A. Jones, University of Missouri
Continuing Education-Extension Division, 8001
Natural Bridge Road, St. Louis, Mo. 63121, tele-
phone (314) 453-5961.

The overall course fee is $25 with a one day fee
of $15. Mark your calendar and please register well
in advance to insure prompt receipt of materials.

Gardening in St. Louis

Vacations are about ended and gardeners must
now plan for fall care of the garden. Make note of any
changes you wish to make in the garden for next
spring. Otherwise, they will tend to be forgotten over
the coming months.

September is the ideal month for lawn renova-
tion. Growing conditions this past season have pro-
duced good lawns for the most part. Adequate rain
early in the spring resulted in excellent growth and
continued throughout most of the late summer. If the
grass is long and spongy, it is usually an indication
that thatching needs to be done. Power rakes are
available which can be adjusted and will remove dead
thatch. This should be done as early in the month as
possible. Following thatching one should also con-
sider aerating the lawn, particularly areas that receive
a lot of wear and tear. Follow these procedures with a
feeding program using a fertilizer such as a 12-12-12
at the rate of four to five pounds per 1,000 square
feet. Areas which were thin or weedy should be re-
worked to a depth of six to eight inches, incorporating
plenty of organic matter and reseeding with a good
seed mix. In purchasing lawn seed, make sure you
purchase seed of high quality. This usually costs a
little more but the grower is assured of a better type of
grass. Use three or four mixes together for best re-
Sults, rather than just one variety.

Sodding can also be accomplished successfully
this month. The ground should be worked thoroughly,
adding organic matter, lime, if necessary, and a bal-
anced fertilizer, raking until the area is smooth, then a
light rolling and placing the sod on top. Water sod
thoroughly. Newly seeded areas should be kept moist
until the grass is well established. As the weather
cools off, the mower can be lowered so it is cutting
about one and one-half to two inches for the balance
of the season.

Compost Pile

September is an ideal month also to start com-
posting with the clean up of the garden. There is a
great deal of garden debris that can go into the com-
post pile. Start with a layer of coarse material, six to
12 inches deep, then a layer of fine material for 12
inches, water this heavily, then a layer of coarse, al-
ternating back and forth until you reach a height of
three to four feet. The size of the pile depends on the
amount of material you have. It should be located in
an area near the garden but where it can be screened
from the house so that the sight is not objectionable.
Enclosing the compost pile with a fence of some type
will prevent animals and the wind from spreading it
around. If properly planned and carried out, there will
be no problem with insects or small animals in the
compost pile. It is important, however, to keep the pile
wet at regular intervals to allow for good decay. It is
also advisable to add old compost to the various

10

layers of the pile to introduce bacteria which will has-
ten the breakdown of the new material.
House Plant Care

House plants should be checked thoroughly to
make sure that they are ready for the winter. Repot
where necessary, cut plants back to encourage
bushiness, and check thoroughly for insects and dis-
ease. If plants have been outdoors, spraying the
plants with a good insecticide and watering with a
mild insecticide will get rid of any insects that are
present. The first step should be to turn the pot side-
ways to break up any roots that may have gone into
the ground. Then lift them up on top of the soil and let
them sit there a day or so. Next, move them to a
sheltered spot for three or four days, where they get
less wind and where light is somewhat reduced. Dur-
ing this period, keep the pots on the dry side. After
several days in a protected spot, move them to a
garage or other area where air circulation is good and
light is still reduced. After a couple of days there, they
can be moved into the house. During the shorter days
of the fall, plants are not growing as actively, so be
careful in feeding. Less fertilizer is needed as plants
Start to go dormant. Flowering plants should receive
regular feeding programs to keep them flowering and
in good condition.

Perennials

This is a good month to divide perennials, being
careful to remove sections from outside the clump
and discarding the centers which are old and woody.
Beds for perennials should be worked to a depth of 12
to 14 inches with plenty of organic matter and super-
phosphate, setting the new plants in and watering
well. They should be given several inches of mulch to
control ground moisture and temperature. Plants di-
vided early in September should have a good root
system established for overwintering.

September is the ideal month to divide and reset
peonies. Be careful in replanting peonies that the
crown is no deeper than an inch below the soil line.
Planting too deeply results in failure to flower.

Garden Chores

Mid-September onward, with cooler weather,
many of the evergreens can be transplanted success-
fully or can be purchased from the nursery. A trip to
the nursery to examine plants and select ones you
want is highly recommended, with delivery arranged
for the proper planting time. Fall is an excellent time
for selecting deciduous plants, choosing them for
their colors. This should be done over the next month
or six weeks; have them delivered for planting in late
October. Fall planting has an advantage, since the
ground is relatively warm and although the plants are
dormant, they will continue to make good root growth
and with a good mulching will be in better condition
than plants set out in early spring.

(Continued on Page 11)

Pruning of late summer blooming shrubs should
be completed late this month. Cut the plants back to
control the height and also remove two or three of the
old branches at ground level to induce new growth.
Prune away any weak or broken branches. Cold
frames should be throughly cleaned, removing any
wanted plants. Weed and prepare soil and frames for
later use or for early spring use for starting vegeta-
bles. Some plants can be grown on in the frames,
such as lettuce, spinach, cabbage, broccoli and
radishes for late fall and early winter use.

— Robert J. Dingwall
Chief Horticulturist

Reflections ...
The Garden Revisited

The Garden has produced a color pictorial guide
of the Garden. It is a 48-page book of 90 photographs
spanning the seasons at the Garden and Arboretum.
The booklet will sell for $2.95 and is available at the
Garden Gate Shop or through the mail. For mail or-
ders, add 60 cents for shipping and handling.

Fall Lecture Series

The theme for the Fall Lecture Series is botanical
research. The wide range of topics explores the di-
versity of work being conducted in the world of plants.
All lectures are scheduled for Wednesdays at 10:30
a.m. and 8:00 p.m. in the John S. Lehmann Building
Auditorium. The schedule:

Sept. 13 Botanical Research at the Garden,
Dr. Peter H. Raven, Director.

Sept. 20 Flowers and their Visitors: Pollination in
Tropical Plants, Dr. Alwyn Gentry.

Sept. 27 Plants: Solution to the Energy Crisis?,
Kurt Thies, Professor of Chemical
Engineering, Washington University.

Oct. 4 Life in a Tropical Forest, Dr. Thomas

Croat.

Oct. 11 Habitat and Diet of the Mountain
Gorilla, Dr. Marshall Crosby.

Oct. 18 Poppies and Politics, Dr. Peter
Goldblatt.

Oct. 25 Missouri Wildflowers, Erna Eisendrath,
Research Associate.

Nov. 1 Mushrooms and Other Fungi,
James Maniotis, Associate Professor of
Biology, Washington University.

Nov. 8 Protecting Missouri's Endangered

Species, John Wylie, Missouri
Department of Conservation.

Members and their guests are encouraged to
attend this special series.

SAS = ade '
Specimen Dahlia, among those to be exhibited during the Garden's

upcoming Dahlia Society Show, scheduled for September 23-24 in the
Floral Display House.

Mark Your Calendar
Through Sept. 4

Henry Shaw Cactus Society
Show continues, Floral Display
House, 9 a.m.-5 p.m.

Sept. 9-Oct. 1 “Fancy Foliage and Flowers,”

Climatron, 10 a.m.-5 p.m.

Staff Art Exhibit, John S.
Lehmann Building lobby.

Sept. 11-Oct. 15

Sept. 16-17 Harvest Show, sponsored by
Men’s Garden Club, Floral
Display House, 16th, 2-5 p.m.,

17th, 9 a.m.-5 p.m.

“Living Stones of South Africa,”
Desert House, 9 a.m.-5 p.m.

Sept. 16-Oct. 15

Sept. 23-24 Dahlia Society Show, Floral
Display House, 23rd, 2-5 p.m.,

24th, 9 a.m.-5 p.m.

Plant Sale, Floral Display
House, 9 a.m.-5 p.m.

Sept. 30, Oct. 1

MEMBERSHIP — JULY 1978

HENRY SHAW ASSOCIATES
Mr./Mrs. W. R. Orthwein, Jr.

Mrs. Howard E. Ridgway
Mr./Mrs. Frederic M. Robinson
Mrs. Gladney Ross

Mr. S. C. Sachs

Mr./Mrs. Daniel L. Schlafly
Mr./Mrs. Warren M. Shapleigh
Mr./Mrs. Sydney Shoenberg, Jr.
Mrs. Tom K. Smith, Sr.
Mr./Mrs. Tom K. Smith, Jr.
Mr./Mrs. C. C. Johnson Spink
Mrs. Hermann F. Spoehrer
Mr./Mrs. Jack L. Turner

Mrs. Ben H. Wells

Mr./Mrs. Richard K. Weil

Member of
The Arts and Education
Fund of Greater St.Lours

Mr./Mrs. Howard F. Baer
Mr./Mrs. Joseph H. Bascom
Mr. Watson K. Blair

Mrs. Watson K. Blair
Mr./Mrs. G. A. Buder, Jr.
Mr./Mrs. Sam’! C. Davis
Mr./Mrs. Guy W. Fiske, Jr.
Mr./Mrs. James H. Howe, III
Mr./Mrs. Stanley F. Jackes
Mrs. John V. Janes

Mrs. Irene C. Jones
Dr./Mrs. H. Kendig

Mrs. John S. Lehmann

Mrs. Florence T. Morris

11

DIRECTOR’S ASSOCIATES

Mr./Mrs. Alexander M. Bakewell
Mr./Mrs. David C. Farrell
Mr./Mrs. Henry Hitchcock
Mr./Mrs. A. H. Homeyer
Mr./Mrs. A. Timon Primm, III
Mr./Mrs. Robert A. Ridgway
Mrs. Mason Scudder

Miss Harriet J. Tatman

Mr./Mrs. Harold E. Thayer
Mr./Mrs. Andrew R. Zinsmeyer

INCREASE IN MEMBERSHIPS
July 1978

SPONSORING
Mrs. H. C. Grigg

SUSTAINING

Dr./Mrs. George Benson
Mr./Mrs. Glenn A. Christopher
Mrs. Leonard Duerbeck

Mrs. Kermet B. Hill

Miss Anita P. Kemper
Mr./Mrs. C. E. Wetzel

CONTRIBUTING

Dr. Robert M. Donati
Mr./Mrs. Reinhold Hoffelder
Dr./Mrs. G. S. Kieffer

Mrs. Julia Maroon

Mr./Mrs. Joseph M. Tasch

NEW MEMBERSHIPS
CONTRIBUTING

Mr./Mrs. P. Taylor Bryan, III
Mr./Mrs. Kenneth R. Fiala
Mr./Mrs. Edward H. Flowers
Mr./Mrs. Norman C. Gilbert
Mr./Mrs. Walter Gusdorf
Mr./Mrs. Ellis Humphreys

REGULAR

Ms. Rita Adams

Mrs. Judith Anderman

Mr. Harold W. Anway, Sr.
Mr. Krim M. Ballentine
Mr./Mrs. Ralph A. Bauer
Ms. Rosemarie Becker
Mr./Mrs. William B. Bennet
Mr./Mrs. Terrence Bettendorf
Mr./Mrs. C. W. Bobinette
Mr./Mrs. James E. Bracken
Mr./Mrs. John A. Brennan, Jr.
Mr./Mrs. Wayne T. Breunig
Mrs. Vivian Burnett

Mr. George Cadwallader
Ms. Lisa Cady

Mr. Robert J. Cassilly, Jr.
Mr./Mrs. Charles M. Caswell
Mr./Mrs. George J. Chamberlain
Dr./Mrs. Iran N. Cohen
Mr./Mrs. Frank Conley

Ms. Barbara M. Cross

Mr. Robert L. Dittrich
Mr./Mrs. Jon Dutton
Employers Management Corp.
Mr./Mrs. Robert Evans
Mr./Mrs. M. Falkowski
Mr./Mrs. Steve Feiner

Mrs. M. C. Fort

Mr./Mrs. John Frederikson
Mr./Mrs. Ron Frerker
Mr./Mrs. Robert Galloway
Miss Pearl E. Gehner

Mr. Albert L. Gerding
Mr./Mrs. Samad Gholami
Miss Gertrude Gill

Dr./Mrs. John H. Gladney
Mr. Samuel Glaser

Mr./Mrs. Alan Haasch
Mr./Mrs. Albert Halsband
Mr./Mrs. Edward M. Hansell
Dr./Mrs. Paull R. Hanson

Mrs. Julian B. Haynes
Mr./Mrs. Henry W. Heck

Ms. Saundra Heisserer

Mr. Richard T. Henmi

Miss Mary C. Henze

Mr. Randy Hillis

Mrs. Linda Hlaca

Mr./Mrs. Ronald E. Hoffmann
Mr. Philip Huddleston
Mr./Mrs. Harry Imster
Mr./Mrs. T. Frank James, Jr.
Ms. Lois Johnston

Mr./Mrs. Nathan D. Jones
Mr./Mrs. Dennis E. Kinion
Mr./Mrs. Donald King
Mr./Mrs. Wlater Kleffmann
Miss Margaret Konings

Ms. Mary I. Kotz

Mr./Mrs. John W. Kouri
Mr./Mrs. John C. Krumrey, Jr.
Miss Betty Kuhlman

Miss Betty L. Laffoon
Mr./Mrs. Robert E. L. Lamkin
Mr./Mrs. Bill Laskowsky
Calvin C. Lee, D.D.S., Ltd.
Mr./Mrs. Theodore L. Listerman
Mr. William |. Malek

Mr./Mrs. James P. Manser
Mr./Mrs. W. L. Marietta

Miss Amy Marshall

Ms. Sally Martin

Mr./Mrs. Scott Martin
Mr./Mrs. James N. McClure
Mr./Mrs. Robert S. McDorman
Mr./Mrs. G. W. McKenna
Mr./Mrs. Wayne Mehrhoff
Mr. Lawrence L. Meier

Mrs. Mildred L. Meier

Mr. William J. Meisburger, Jr.
Mr./Mrs. Don Messerly

Ms. Janice A. Noack

Ms. Anne F. Odell

Dr./Mrs. John W. Olney

Mrs. Jessie O'Reilly

Mr./Mrs. Jeffrey H. Pass

Mr. Dennis Pazur

Mr./Mrs. E. J. Peltier

Dr. Shirley Pierce

Mr./Mrs. Joseph H. Pollak
Mr./Mrs. E. Raemdonck

Ms. Mary Reber

Dr./Mrs. Edward H. Reinhard
Ms. Mary Kaye Rogers
Mr./Mrs. S. E. Rosenbloom
Mr. Roy W. Rudderforth
Mr./Mrs. Irvin Rudman
Mr./Mrs. Carl Rundquist
Mr./Mrs. Morgan L. Rushing
Mr./Mrs. Norman A. Selner
Mrs. Mildred Sexton
Mr./Mrs. John B. Sharp
Shaw Neighborhood Improvement
Association

Mr./Mrs. Charles L. Sheppard
Mr./Mrs. Donald C. Shreffler
Mr./Mrs. Raymond V. Sirtak
Sisters of St. Mary

Mr./Mrs. John M. Sneed, Jr.
Mr./Mrs. Andrew Socha
Mr./Mrs. Michael Spielberg
Mr. Robert Walter Sprandel
Ms. Evelyn K. Stacy
Mr./Mrs. C. Richard Stanley
Mr./Mrs. John R. Stone
Mr./Mrs. Stephen E. Switzer
Mr./Mrs. Gene Tischler
Mr./Mrs. Bort Trick

Ms. Deborah A. Tusack

Ms. Barbara L. Uhlemann
Mr./Mrs. William O. Weindell
Ms. Carol A. Wesley

Mr. Michael Wider

Mr./Mrs. Donald J. Wiese
Miss Janet L. Wilden
Mr./Mrs. Clyde Wilson

Miss Grace V. Winder

Mr. Joseph E. Wuller
Mr./Mrs. David K. Zucker

JULY TRIBUTES

In Honor of the Dedication of
Adlyne Freund Education Center
Connie Wittcoff

In Honor of the Golden Anniversary
of Mr./Mrs. Fred Klingbeil

Miss Caroline Blatzer

Miss Erna Blatzer

In Honor of Mr. Llewellyn Kohn
Frances and Allan M. Siegel

In Memory of Mr. Morgan Coit Day
Mrs. Lloyd Crow Stark

In Memory of Mrs. Emma T. Dee
J. L. Sloss, Jr. and Family

In Memory of Carolyn Eismann
Pitzman’s Company of
Surveyors and Engineers

In Memory of
Mrs. Rose S. Geninazza
Miss Caroline Blatzer
Miss Erna Blatzer
Miss Letitia Dodd

In Memory of Mabel Macey Hardin
Mr. & Mrs. Thomas W. Shields

In Memory of Mrs. Isadore Hirsch
Ann & Peter Husch

In Memory of Agnes Kuntz
Viola Villardi

In Memory of Francis Lehmann
Dorothy Becker

In Memory of
Mrs. Kenneth Lindenmann
Mr. & Mrs. John R. Grenn Il

In Memory of Love Ones
Mrs. P. B. Jablonsky

In Memory of Mrs. Pat Nuderscher
Frontenac Garden Club

In Memory of
William Charles Rainford
Mr. & Mrs. Fred Steinkuhle

In Memory of Mr. Hugh Semple
St. Louis Chapter
Ikebana International

In Memory of Ida Sofer
Clayton Garden Club No. 5

In Memory of Mrs. William J. Sim
Mrs. Warren C. Bruce
Mr. & Mrs. Lewis B. Stuart

In Memory of Mr. Karl H. Zapf
Mr. & Mrs. Wm. L. Redmond

MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN BULLETIN
2345 Tower Grove Avenue
Saint Louis, Missouri 63110

SECOND CLASS

POSTAGE
PAID

AT ST. LOUIS, MO.

Missouri
Botanical

Garden
Bulletin

Mum's The Word: The Show Must Go On

Chrysanthemum shows are a tradition at the Gar-
den, dating back to November 13, 1905, when the first
show opened. It is fortunate for those who enjoy the
shows so much today that the then horticultural staff
and Director Dr. Trelease were not faint-hearted — for
the travails they suffered and the obstacles they faced
during the early years of the exhibitions would surely
have caused lesser gardeners to abandon even the
thought of such projects forever.

In 1905, there was no greenhouse or conservatory
large enough to house the display of nearly 2,000
chrysanthemum plants. That year, they were exhib-
ited for two balmy weeks under a canvas tent-like
cover, and viewed by more than 25,000 people (one-
fourth the total number of visitors for 1905).

Encouraged by the success of the show, and the
many compliments received on the beauty and vari-
ety of the plants, Trelease and his staff expanded the

exhibition the following year. In 1906, gardening stu-
dents and staff cultivated nearly 4,000 chrysan-
themum plants, representative of 316 varieties, and
prepared the display under a tent nearly 100 feet in
diameter located on the “parterre” (the area of the
Garden where the main lily pools are now located).
When the show opened on November 11, 1906,
visitors were treated to a fairyland of mums, artisti-
cally arranged beneath the big tent and grouped in
displays according to blossom type. They were also
“treated”, during the twelve days the show was
Opened, to three days of hard rain, a two-day sleet
storm, two and one-half inches of snow, and nearly
six days of smoke pollution so bad that the show
could not be viewed because it could not be seen

without the aid of electrical lights.
When Dr. Trelease contacted the electric company
(Continued on Page 2)

a
:

Chrysanthemums under canvas, the Garden circa 1909.

Volume LXVI Number 10
October 1978

MUM’S THE WORD (Continued from Page 1)

about installing lights in the tent so that visitors could
see the show through the haze of smoke, he was
informed that there was no way the light company
could handle his request on such short notice. Un-
daunted, he found a volunteer — “a Capt. Robert
McCulloch of the United Railways Company” — who
installed the lights in less than two hours.

The gardening staff and students tended the mums
around the clock, replacing those few that suc-
cumbed to the fluctuations in temperature and the
smoke that penetrated the scant protection of the un-
heated canvas tent. They braved the cold and wet
during the entire time that the exhibition was open
and guided visitors through the show, answering their
questions about specific varieties of mums and dis-
play and growing techniques.

The public responded to the display with support
and high enthusiasm. A local street car company
hung special placards advertising the show on many
of its cars, the St. Louis press gave the show
thorough, almost daily coverage, and visitors arrived
by the thousands despite the snow, rain, sleet and
smoke.

Not easily dismayed by adversity, Dr. Trelease de-
cided that since it had been necessary to install the
lights for use during the day, why not use them at
night as well? So, for the last eight days of the exhibi-
tion he had the show remain open until ten o'clock at
night. Despite the fact that most of the open evenings
were stormy, 2,657 persons came out to view the
chrysanthemums during the evening hours.

Throughout the two weeks of the show, despite the
“phenomenally bad weather” (as Trelease put it in his
Annual Report for 1906), despite the lack of heat in
the show tent and the smoke pollution, the show was
so well received that its future as an annual event was
assured. A distinguished Japanese visitor gave the
show the highest compliment he could imagine when
he told a local paper that the Chrysanthemum Show
at the Garden was of a quality “to equal if not surpass
the most luxuriant royal exhibits of Japan.”

—Jean Marie Deken
Garden Library

Systematics
Symposium Oct. 20-21

The 25th annual Systematics Symposium will be
held October 20-21, 1978, at the Garden. The topic
this year will be palynology and systematics.

Among the featured speakers will be Professor J.
Heslop-Harrison, University College of Wales; Mr. Jan
Muller, Rijksherbarium, Leiden; Dr. Joan W. Nowicke,
Smithsonian Institution; Dr. Donald E. Stone, Duke
University; Dr. Robin W. Thorp, University of Califor-
nia, Davis; Dr. Spencer Tomb, Kansas State Univer-
sity; and Dr. James A. Walker, University of Mas-
sachusetts.

2

Fall
Chrysanthemum
Show

Set for Oct. 28

Don't miss the annual Fall Show this year, begin-
ning October 28 in the Floral Display House and run-
ning through November 26. The Members’ preview
party will take place Friday, October 27, from 5 to 7:30
p.m. This special preview will be sponsored by
Carondelet Savings and Loan.

A new feature this year will be a display of three
dozen hardy mums. The gardener will have the op-
portunity to closely scrutinize the varieties of chrysan-
themums available for the home grounds. Pot plants
will number 1,200 with 75 cascading types, two dozen
hanging baskets (Japanese cultivars) in a range of
flower types from daisies to decoratives. The color
range will be dazzling. A special feature will be bon-
saied chrysanthemums. Plans for the show insure an
extravaganza — don't miss it!

The Garden Gate Shop will be open during the
preview party.

The Fall Show has been made possible through
the assistance of the Missouri Arts Council.

Dr. Viktor Muehlenbach, a Garden research associate since 1955,
will celebrate his 80th birthday on Wednesday, Oct. 11. Dr.
Muehlenbach's current studies include plants of his native Latvia,

plants introduced into St. Louis railway yards and botanical
contributions made by medical doctors

The MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN BULLETIN is published
12 issues per year monthly by the Missouri Botanical Garden,
2345 Tower Grove Avenue, St. Louis, Mo.63110. Second class
postage paid at St. Louis, Mo. $5.00 per year. $6.00 foreign

Garden Club Show

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The East Central District, Federated Garden Clubs
of Missouri, Inc., will present its show, “Fun with
Color,” from 2 to 5 p.m., October 7, and 9 a.m. to 4
p.m., October 8, in the Floral Display House.

The competition is limited to members of the East

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Mrs. Robert Wanek,
center, chairman of the
upcoming East Central
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Garden Clubs of
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; prepares display with
‘the help of Mrs. John
& L. O'Brien, left, staging
& chairman, and Mrs.
Charles Hardie, show
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Central District, Federated Garden Clubs of Missouri,
Inc.

Awards will be presented in a number of categories
in both design and horticulture. The show will be a
color and design extravangaza and is a must to see.

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Joint Environmental Project Completed

The Environmental Education Training Project has
completed its two-year mandate to develop a model
for training teachers in environmental education.
Sponsored jointly by the Garden and the St. Louis city
schools, the project has been supported since July,
1976, by grants from the U. S. Office of Environmental
Education to the St. Louis Public Schools.

The project was designed to assist elementary
teachers in developing environmental education
materials and to prepare them to train other teachers.
Over the past two years, project managers Peggy
Rustige of the city schools and Calla Smorodin of the
Garden have provided training to a core group of 19
teachers. The training focused on the concepts, goals
and techniques of environmental education; cur-
riculum development; teacher training; and the utiliza-
tion of community resources.

In the second year of the project, the trained
teachers offered workshops for other city teachers
through the Inservice Center and Harris Teachers
College.

Project co-director Edward Ortleb, science super-

visor for the St. Louis Public Schools, has worked
closely with Smorodin and Rustige to enable some of
the project's training activities to be ongoing. For
example, the trained teachers will continue to offer
workshops through the Inservice Center, Harris
Teachers College, and other inservice activities spon-
sored by the city schools. Continuing to serve city
teachers will be the Consortium, representing over 25
civic, cultural, environmental, and educational institu-
tions. Organized at the beginning of the project, the
Consortium is made up of a dedicated group of indi-
viduals who participated throughout the project as
planners, workshop leaders, curriculum consultants
and data collectors.

The project managers have written a guide which
sets out the training model and documents their ex-
periences. Entitled Classrooms and Community, A
Process Guide for Teacher Training in Environmental
Education, it will be available soon for distribution to
school systems, state education departments,
and institutions of higher education throughout the
country.

2

An effort to push the Garden’s Capital Campaign
over its six million dollar goal by the end of the year is
under way. According to Tom K. Smith, Jr., completing
the campaign early will not be easy.

“However, Smith said, “we need to get the new
visitor center and other improvements started as
soon as possible.”

Arthur Dye, newly appointed Garden assistant di-
rector and director of development, feels that meeting
the advanced schedule will be difficult but not impos-
sible.

“We have confidence that we'll achieve our goal,”
said Mr. Dye, “though we know that it will require all of
our best efforts toward that end.”

While the campaign progresses, work proceeds in
other areas. The construction of the new mainte-
nance complex is underway. A visit to the construc-

Big Push Ahead For Capital Campaign

Paul Prejza, left, of the Santa
Monica design firm of
Graphics Plus, works with Dr.
Peter H. Raven, Garden
director, on interior design

ra plans for the Garden's new
) Education/ Visitor Orientation
, Center, a principal

component of the current
development drive

tion site will offer daily evidence of progress.

The plans for the Education/Visitor Orientation
Center are being further defined. A grant of $6,034
from the National Endowment for the Humanities for
interpretive displays in the building now moves the
interior design program into its definitive phases.
Matching monies in the amount of $11,800 will be
required. This grant is an exciting component of the
new building.

In addition, the firm of Deborah Sussman and Co.,
Graphics Plus, of Santa Monica, California, has been
retained to work with the designers and staff on the
interior of the new building. The firm is one that has
worked with Charles Eames & Associates over a
long period of time. Mr. Paul Prejza of Graphics Plus,
visited the Garden in August and began preliminary
discussions on the project.

Botanists Abroad

An International Legume Conference was held
during July and August in England, under the
sponsorship of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, and
the Missouri Botanical Garden.

Dr. Peter H. Raven, Garden director, opened the
conference. The first week was devoted to papers
dealing with systematics, evolution and relationships
of the Leguminosae with the objective of producing
an improved classification of the family. The second

4

week was devoted to agronomy of related fields. One
aim of this part of the conference was the compilation
of a “Manual of Legume Crops” which is being col-
lated by Dr. J. A. Duke of the U. S. Department of
Agriculture.

Dr. Peter Goldblatt presented a paper reviewing the
chromosome cytology of the Leguminosae.

“The conference was extremely successful,” re-
ports Dr. Goldblatt, “and the meeting resulted in great
progress in the collective understanding of Legu-
minosae, both from scientific and economic points
of view.”

The Garden Herbarium:
A Growing Collection

The color yellow seems ubiquitous in the fall land-
scape — witness the profusion of black-eyed Susans,
goldenrod and the common sunflower.

Try to imagine, however, the roadsides and fields
without any of these plants we take for granted.
People who have travelled to other countries may
recognize that in those places the species, genera or
even families of plants that grow at home are often
absent. For example, there are no sunflowers in Ja-
pan. A botanist in Japan finds only three species of
Solidago while his colleague in the U.S. has more
than 130 species to study. Of course, someone study-
ing other species may find the opposite case. There
are fewer species of orchids in the U.S. than there are
in Panama.

One way for a research botanist to solve this prob-
lem is to borrow plant specimens from herbaria in
other countries. This is a common practice at the
Garden. Last year more than 22,000 specimens
were sent from the herbarium to botanists in many
countries, including France, Germany, Venezuela
and Japan. Similarly, staff and students at the Gar-
den borrowed more than 50,000 specimens.

In many ways, the herbarium is like a library; it
serves as both an educational and a research facility.
As such, the more complete its collection, the better
able it is to serve those who use it.

The Garden’s herbarium contains nearly three mill-
ion dried plant specimens and adds about 75,000
specimens to this number each year. This is ac-
complished through the collecting efforts of the staff at
the Garden and collectors in other countries. The
Garden also purchases dried specimens. Plant ex-
changes between herbaria are another way an institu-
tion builds up its collection. Sometimes the exchange
may be one-for-one. For a special plant, however, the
exchange ratio may be three to one.

With the aid of the federally-funded CETA program,
the Garden embarked on a plant collecting project
this summer. The aim of the program was to collect
specimens of local plants which could be exchanged
for plants from herbaria in Japan, Pakistan, Poland,
Portugal, Sweden, Russia and Canada. Another goal
was to educate and train young people for potential
Careers in botany.

The three CETA employees — David Bell, Chrystal
Ann Harris and Clyde Niblett — aided in the collection
of more than 1,000 specimens (excluding duplicates)
from Missouri and Illinois. From June 19 through Au-
gust 18, they accompanied members of the Garden’s
staff (curators Drs. Davidse, D’Arcy and Gentry;
curator-in-training Dr. Poston; technicians J. Saun-
ders and J. Cablish) or Garden students (D. Lorence
and J. Solomon) into the field. The habitats from which
they collected included marshes, glades, forests,
riverbanks and roadsides.

Cinchona pubescens,
an herbarium
specimen.

Each day, in spite of heat, insects and an occa-
sional rain, these three young people learned
first-hand something of what it means to be a plant
collector. They would choose a site with a number
of different flowering plants, and proceed to dig or cut
off a plant or a flowering branch. The specimen was
then placed in a sheet of folded newspaper to be
taken back to the Garden and dried. Careful notes of
the collection number and observations about the
plant were taken and will be placed on a label that is
mounted alongside the dried plant specimen.

It is through such efforts that the Garden's collec-
tion is increased and that it obtains additional material
to use in exchanges and loans.

‘The Tulip, Peacock
Among Flowers’

A special lecture, “The Tulip, Peacock Among
Flowers”, will be given by Mrs. A. G. Trevenen James
on Monday, November 6, at 10:30 a.m. and again
at 8 p.m. Mrs. James was born and spent the first
16 years of her life in Java, Dutch East Indies,
where her father was a provincial governor. She thus
experienced the influence of oriental art from an
early age.

Mrs. James completed her education in Holland,
the homeland of Rembrandt and Vermeer, and later,
with her Royal Air Force husband, lived in British In-
dia, Germany, America and France. Wherever she
has been, Mrs. James has taken every opportunity to
study the history and art of the country in which she
was living.

Mrs. James now lives in a Georgian street in London
where she is a qualified guide for the United Kingdom
and a member of the British Guild of Guide Lecturers.
She has lectured at the Victoria and Albert Museum in
London, in Oxford and Glasgow, in other parts of the
United Kingdom and in America.

5

Summerscenes: Ice Cream Social And

“A Little Night Music” brought
thousands of visitors to the
Garden for an evening's
entertainment. At left, visitors
gather on candle-lined pathway
for candlelight tour of Tower
Grove House; below, arriving
guests are greeted by strolling
musicians; right, colorful hot air
balloon punctuates the evening
like a seven-story exclamation
point

Little Night Music’

An old-fashioned Ice Cream
Social, sponsored by Velvet
Freeze, gave Garden visitors
frosty relief from the summer
heat and raised more than
$500 for the Garden. At left,
guests, balloons and the
Climatron are mirrored in the
lily pool; above, visitors enjoy
barbershop quartet
performance.

QUEENSLAND VISITOR — R. J. Henderson, left, a staff member of
the Queensland Herbarium, Brisbane, tours the Garden herbarium
with Dr. Gerrit Davidse of the Garden's botany department. Mr.
Henderson was enroute to Kew, England, to assume a position as
Australian Botanical Liaison Officer.

Library Receives Grant

The Garden's library has been awarded a major
federal grant, from the U.S. Office of Education, to
assist its recataloging program. The $200,000 award
from the “Strengthening Research Library Re-
sources’ program will be utilized by the libraries of the
Garden and the New York Botanical Garden to share
their library cataloging records with one another and
to accelerate the recataloging efforts of both libraries.
Each library will enter its cataloging data into the na-
tional OCLC library data base, where these records
will be immediately available for use by some 1,200
major research libraries around the nation.

The grant award is one of only 20 made to research
libraries during the first year of the “Strengthening
Research Library Resources” program.

The libraries of the Garden and the New York Bo-
tanical Garden are the two largest botanical garden
libraries in the nation. Between them, their collections
include more than 750,000 items relating to botany,
horticulture and allied disciplines. Successful comple-
tions of the recataloging project for these two libraries
will provide the nation’s research community with de-
tailed, accurate, and complete catalog records for the
extensive book and journal collections of the two in-
stitutions. James Reed, the Garden's librarian, and
Charles R. Long, administrative librarian at the New
York Botanical Garden, are the project directors.

8

Camelot Support:
One For The Book

October has become established in St. Louis tradi-
tion as the month for CAMELOT activities and for
recognizing the tremendous impact that CAMELOT
and its many volunteers have upon the artistic and
cultural affairs of our community. The Garden joins
many thousands of citizens in the St. Louis area in
saluting CAMELOT and in extending its appreciation
for the support of Garden programs.

In particular, the Garden is grateful for the financial
support CAMELOT continues to provide in the effort
to preserve treasures from the Garden library’s rare
book collections. In recent weeks, the bindery staff
has completed a beautiful restoration on one of the
prize sets in the Linnaean collection, Henry Andrews’
The Botanists’ Repository. This 10 volume set, pub-
lished between 1797 and 1815, includes descriptions
of more than 600 rare plants, with finely detailed
hand-colored engravings of each.

Work is also being done on three volumes of J. A.
Pollich’s Historia Plantarum (Mannheim, 1776-1777)
and on a 19 volume set of John Loudon’s Gardener's
Magazine, one of the most important 19th century
gardening periodicals.

None of this work would have been made possible
without CAMELOT’s enthusiastic support.

q
= Pe
CACTUS CUTTING — St. Louis Mayor James Conway cuts the

ribbon to mark the official opening of the recent Henry Shaw Cactus
Society Show in the Floral Display House.

Nicaragua: Land Of Botanical Mystery

The National Science Foundation has awarded the
Garden a $41,000 grant to be used during the next
two years to study the plants of Nicaragua, it was
announced by Dr. Peter H. Raven, Garden director.

Nicaragua is the Central American republic with the
largest land area, lowest population density and
largest remaining area of natural vegetation.

But botanically, it is the least well-known.

Botanical collectors have seldom visited
Nicaragua, and there are no written accounts of its
plants. This is especially unfortunate because
Nicaragua forms a bridge between the mountain
floras of southern Mexico and Guatemala, which
have North American affinities, and Costa Rica and
western Panama, whose floras have greater South
American representation. Nicaragua, like most of the
rest of Latin America, is developing rapidly, and large
areas of forest are being converted to agricultural
land. If the flora of this country is not studied soon, a
great deal of practical information will be lost.

With this in mind, the Garden in 1977 began an
intensive study of Nicaraguan plants. This study will
lead to a written flora in six to seven years. The proj-
ect is being carried out in conjunction with the Banco
Central de Nicaragua and Universidad Cen-
troamericana and also involves the establishment of

a national herbarium in Managua.

Since the initiation of the project, W. D. Stevens,
the Garden’s B. A. Krukoff Curator of Central Ameri-
can Botany, has lived in Nicaragua and carried out an
extensive exploration effort. Although he has visited
all major parts of the country, driving more than
20,000 miles and covering countless more miles by
more primitive forms of transportation, and has col-
lected more than 30,000 plant specimens, the surface
has barely been scratched.

Recognizing the urgency of studying the Nicara-
guan flora, the National Science Foundation recently
awarded the Garden a two-year grant of $41,000 to
help support the effort. This support significantly
brightens the prospects for learning the secrets of the
Central American forests while those forests still
exist. It is also significant that the Nicaraguan gov-
ernment, using as justification information such as
that gained by the Garden's work, is planning several
national parks, including a 12,000 square kilometer
reserve in the largest tract of pristine forest remaining
in Central America.

The Garden's efforts, then, not only gather valuable
information that will not be available in the com-
ing centuries but may also be critical in preserving

PHOTO BENEFIT —

Mr. and Mrs. Webe H.
Naunheim discuss an
exhibit of color
photography taken on two
African safaris by C. C.
Johnson Spink, right, a
member of the Garden
Board of Trustees. Mr.
Naunheim is president of
the Charterbank of Ladue,
where the exhibit was
held. Sale of the photos
was staged to benefit the
Garden.

Gardening in St. Louis

October is a busy month for the gardener. Use
these cool days to clean up the garden, remove
weeds. Also add to the compost pile by placing old
compost over each new layer to introduce bacteria
which will hasten decay. Water each layer well.

Late fall vegetables will add bounty to the dinner
table. When vegetables have finished producing, re-
move the plants. Work organic matter into the soil.
This work will reap added benefits next spring. Pile
mulch on top of prepared soil. Early crops can be
planted in February or March or as soon as the
weather permits.

Insect and Disease Control

Continue to check regularly for insects. Aphids can
often be a problem during cooler months. Check
roses for mildew and black spot and control with a
good fungicide such as Karathane at regular inter-
vals.

Lawn Care

Lawns that were seeded early last month can be
fertilized during the second or third week of this
month using 12-12-12 fertilizer. Keep mowing at regu-
lar intervals setting the mower height to one and
one-half to two inches.

If perennial weeds have been a problem in the
lawn, apply a herbicide as long as areas were seeded
early in September. Use 2-4-D with Silvex, applying
as directed early in the morning when there is no wind
to cause drifting to other areas. Seed thin areas after
lightly working up the soil. Add a balanced fertilizer
and rake the two in together; keep moist to insure
good germination. Remove leaves as they fall, adding
them to the compost pile.

Perennial Care

Perennial beds will benefit from an addition of or-
ganic matter. Most perennial plants can be cut back to
within two to three inches of the ground and mulched
if necessary.

Plant bulbs for spring while the ground is workable.
For best results plant bulbs in masses. Work up the
soil and plant bulbs to a depth of several inches.

Bulbs to be forced should be planted early this
month. The largest sized bulbs will produce the best
results. Choose daffodils, hyacinths, tulips and
crocus. Plant in pots and place in cold frames or pits
outside for the cooling period. Bulbs need eight to 10
weeks of temperatures about 40° to force.

In the Greenhouse
Thoroughly clean home greenhouses, check cool-
ing and heating units, glass and remove shade. Clean
plants and spray or fumigate while good ventilation
can be maintained.
Seeds of hyacinth-flowered candytuft, Ca/endula,
fibrous root begonias, larkspur, winter-flowering

10

snapdragons, stocks, Cineraria, Calceolaria and Sal-
piglossis can be sown now to brighten the winter
days.

Poinsettias for Christmas flowering should be cov-
ered with black cloth or plastic from 6 p.m. to 8 a.m.
Other gift plants might include dish gardens and ter-
rariums. There is still time to take cuttings. Root in a
mixture of peat and perlite.

Planting Trees and Shrubs

Trees and shrubs can be planted as soon as they
go dormant. Fall is an ideal time for such plantings
because some root development will take place be-
fore the harsh weather descends. Evergreens can be
planted as well. Be certain to prepare the soil well,
mulch, and water when needed.

Take time to enjoy these lovely autumn days while
preparing the garden for winter.

The Answerman Extension

Because the Answerman Program provides such a
wealth of information to Garden members and the
gardening population of the St. Louis area, this serv-
ice has now formally been made a part of the Gar-
den’s education department.

The service began when George Pring retired as
superintendent of the Garden after 60 years of serv-
ice and volunteered his mornings to answering ques-
tions. The number of queries began to increase and
department heads were pressed into service. How-
ever, time demands made this arrangement infeasi-
ble. When Mr. Pring moved away in 1960, Florence
Guth, presently secretary to Dr. Peter H. Raven,
Garden director, suggested contacting the Men’s
Garden clubs. From this timely suggestion grew the
present-day service.

Several of the original volunteers are still active. In
1970, Paul Kohl, who for 50 years designed, staged
and grew plants for the Garden’s seasonal shows,
retired and joined the Answermen. He alone answers
horticultural questions November through April while
the Answermen are in training sessions.

Special seminars are held for the Answermen dur-
ing the winter months to introduce new developments
in horticulture. These sessions have taken place over
the past four years and are taught by Garden person-
nel and extension specialists from the University of
Missouri.

Presently, both men and women volunteer as
Answermen and receive as many as 100 calls a day.
More than 11,000 requests were recorded in the past
year. The Answerman Service provides an educa-
tional extension that serves the horticultural commun-
ity well.

Poinsettias:
Gift of Life

The Plant Shop is offering a new holiday service
this fall. Multiple stemmed poinsettias in six-inch pots
may be ordered as holiday gifts by mail. Send order
with a check for $9.00 for each plant to the Plant Shop
before November 30. Please include an enclosure
card or give instructions for such a card. The plants
will be delivered between December 1 and 15. De-
liveries will be made in St. Louis and St. Louis County
only.

Make your shopping easier this year by ordering
your gift by mail. Gift certificates are also available for
all gift occasions. Visit the shop soon.

Library Notes

Several new titles recently added to the Garden's
library promise to be of interest to our membership:

1. Veninga, Louise and Benjamin R. Zaricor.
Goldenseal/etc. Santa Cruz, Ruka Publications,
1976. 193 p. Goldenseal (Hydrastis Canadensis L.)
has a long tradition of use as an “all-purpose” medic-
inal plant throughout much of the Northeastern and
Central U.S. and extending into Missouri’s Ozarks.
The authors review the plant’s history, medicinal
uses, and cultivation fairly extensively, and devote the
remainder of the book to briefer treatments of the
medicinal characteristics and commercial value of
some 25 other fairly common wild plants, including
many that are native to Missouri.

2. Marsden-Smedley, Hester. The Chelsea
Flower Show. London, Constable, 1976. 153 p. A
well-written and entertaining history of the Chelsea
Flower Show and its antecedents.

3. Gerber, Frederick H. /ndigo and the Antiquity
of Dyeing. Ormond Beach, Fla., published by the au-
thor, 1977. x, 59 p. This book is not a practical hand-
book on dyeing fabrics with plant material, but an an-
thropological and historical essay on the relationship
between the ancient art of textile dyeing and the
evolution of human culture. Those readers interested
in more practical advice on the how-to-do-it aspects
of dyeing are referred to a series of excellent articles
by Gerber in the magazine Handweaver and
Craftsman, 1968-1972.

4. Genders, Roy. Scented Flora of the World.
N.Y., St. Martin's Press, 560 p. For the serious gar-
dener, Genders has compiled an encyclopedic treat-
ment on scented flowers and leaves, aromatic barks,
and scented fruits, wood and roots. After a brief sur-
vey of the history of scented plants, their classifica-
tion, and their use in perfumes, the author devotes
almost 400 pages to an alphabetical listing of both
common and unusual fragrant plants.

All of these books are available in the library for
members to borrow for a two-week period.

Garden Gate Christmas Show

Circle November 1 and 2 for the annual Garden
Gate Shop Christmas Open House. The hours will be
from 10 a.m. to 8 p.m. on both days.

All the new items will be on display. They were
purchased on the buyers most recent trip to New
York. The theme of this year’s Open House is Candy-
land. Many new gift items will be featured. Please join
us for your early Christmas shopping.

Calendar of Events

Continuing
thru Oct. 15 “Living Stones of South Africa,”
Desert House, 9 a.m.-5 p.m.
October 7-8 East Central District
Flower Show,
Floral Display House,
Oct. 7, 2-5 p.m.
Oct. 8, 9 a.m.-4 p.m.
October 28- Fall Chrysanthemum Show,

Floral Display House
Oct. 28-31, 9 a.m.-5 p.m.;
Nov. 1-26, 9 a.m.-4:30 p.m.

Garden Gate Shop Annual
Christmas Open House
10 a.m.-8 p.m.

November 26

November 1-2

Fall Lecture Series

Members and their guests are invited to attend the
following lectures featuring botanical research, which
are a continuation of the Garden’s Fall Series. Each
lecture is presented at 10:30 a.m. and 8:00 p.m. in the
John S. Lehmann Building Auditorium.

October 4 Life in a Tropical Forest
Dr. Thomas Croat
October 11 Habitat and Diet of the
Mountain Gorilla
Dr. Marshall Crosby
October 18 Poppies and Politics
Dr. Peter Goldblatt
October 25 Missouri Wildflowers

Erna Eisendrath

November 1 Mushrooms and Other Fungi
Dr. James Maniotis

November 8 Protecting Missouri's
Endangered Species
John Wylie

Member of
The Arts and Education
Fund of Greater St.Lours
af

CONTRIBUTING Mr./Mrs. Dale W. Hilpbert

Rem | nd e rs Mr./Mrs. Patrick Hobson

Mr./Mrs. R. O. Bowlin, III Dr./Mrs. Carl S. Ingher
: : . . Mrs. Walter F. Brissenden Mr./Mrs. Norman Janson
The Acclimatization Workshop will be offered Oc- Bi Thode dl Cooper Mr/Mrs. Paul B. Junius
tober 27-29 by the education department. Steve Van Mr./Mrs. Myron Jaffe Mr./Mrs. Jordan Kaiser
Mr./Mrs. John D. Leng Mr./Mrs. J. R. Kirby

Matre, Acclimatization author and educator and direc-
tor of the Acclimatization Experiences Institute in
Downers Grove, Ill., will instruct the course. For addi-
tional information, contact the education department
at 772-7600.

Members who have not received the brochure on
the Hawaii tour, have been asked to call 772-7600,
Ext. 25. The tour, scheduled for February 7-20, in-
cludes five islands with an exciting itinerary.

Dr./Mrs. Thomas F. Maher
Mr./Mrs. Robert E. McGlynn

Ms. Katya Kopp

Miss Magdalen M. Lampe
Mr./Mrs. Robert A. Lang
Miss Jane Larson

Mr. Theron Lorimor

Mr. Jack MacDonough
Miss Jane Mahon

Dr. Ann Mazur

Mrs. Sandra McFadin
Sister Marian McNicholas
Ms. Christine R. Miller
Mr./Mrs. Ed M. Milner

NEW MEMBERSHIPS

CONTRIBUTING

Drs. Dan and Susan Luedke
Dr./Mrs. John Sopuch

Mr./Mrs. Robert J. Mosby
REGULAR Mrs. Stephen Mueller
Miss Louise Ackley Mr./Mrs. Bruce Nangle
MEMBERSHIP — AUGUST 1978 Ms. P. A. Austin Mr./Mrs. John H. Obermann
HENRY SHAW ASSOCIATES Mr./Mrs. C. C. Johnson Spink Mr./Mrs. William G. Barr Mr./Mrs. Minter R. Parker
Mrs. Hermann F. Spoehrer Dr. Lois |. Bartels Dr./Mrs. Edward Peskin
Mr./Mrs. Howard F. Baer Mr. Jack L. Turner Mr./Mrs. Stephen V. Becker Mr./Mrs. Anthony Podleski
Mr./Mrs. Joseph H. Bascom Mrs. Ben H. Wells Mrs. William H. Best, Jr. Mr./Mrs. Ernest R. Polk
Mr. Watson K. Blair Mr./Mrs. Richard K. Weil Mr./Mrs. Donald R. Bowers Dr./Mrs. Pierce W. Powers
Mrs. Watson K. Blair Deborah Bozsa Mr./Mrs. Robert G. Raleigh

Mr./Mrs. G. A. Buder, Jr.
Mr./Mrs. Sam’! C. Davis
Mr./Mrs. Guy W. Fiske, Jr.
Mr. James H. Howe, III

DIRECTOR’S ASSOCIATES

Mr./Mrs. Alexander M. Bakewell
Mr./Mrs. David C. Farrell

General/Mrs. Martin F. Rockmore
Mr./Mrs. W. L. Rowbotham
Dr./Mrs. Joseph F. Ruwitch, Jr.
Dr. Jo Ellyn M. Ryall

Mr./Mrs. James Coe

Mr./Mrs. Robert E. Cox
Mr./Mrs. Mickey R. Cunningham
Mr. Lee Darrah

Mr./Mrs. Stanley F. Jackes Mr./Mrs. Henry Hitchcock Mr./Mrs. R. D. Davidson Mr. R. L. Schirrmeister
Mrs. John V. Janes Mr./Mrs. August Homeyer Mr./Mrs. Glenn Delf Mr./Mrs. F. H. Schwarz
Mrs. Irene C. Jones Mr./Mrs. A. Timon Primm, Ill Mr./Mrs. William Diamond Mrs. Jane M. Seymour
Dr./Mrs. H. Kendig Mr./Mrs. Robert A. Ridgway Ms. Betsey Douglass Mr./Mrs. H. Stanley Shalit

Mrs. Mason Scudder

Miss Harriet J. Tatman
Mr./Mrs. Harold E. Thayer
Mr./Mrs. Andrew R. Zinsmeyer

INCREASE IN MEMBERSHIPS —

Mrs. John S. Lehmann

Mrs. Florence T. Morris
Mr./Mrs. W. R. Orthwein, Jr.
Mrs. Howard E. Ridgway
Mr./Mrs. Frederic M. Robinson
Mrs. Gladney Ross

Mr. S. C. Sachs

Mr./Mrs. Glennon M. Dummerth
Mrs. Mildred |. Dunn

Mrs. Alice H. Enders

Mr./Mrs. Robert Enders
Mr./Mrs. Dale J. Ewalt

Mr./Mrs. Holger Frederickson

Shop in Scandinavia Furniture, Inc.
Ms. llissa M. Staadeker

Mr./Mrs. A. F. Steck, Jr.

Mr./Mrs. L. J. Tolmach

Dr./Mrs. William G. Totty

Mr./Mrs. John L. Trotter

Mrs. Dolores J. Frintrop Mrs. Alyce K. Walther
Mr./Mrs. Daniel L. Schlafly AUGUST 1978 Mr./Mrs. Robert J. Gass Mr./Mrs. Theodore A. Weber
Mr./Mrs. Warren M. Shapleigh SUSTAINING Mr./Mrs. Floyd W. Graves Mr./Mrs. Gordon M. Wiegand

Mr./Mrs. Sydney Shoenberg, Jr.
Mrs. Tom K. Smith, Sr.
Mr./Mrs. Tom K. Smith, Jr.

Miss Martha R. Greer
Mr./Mrs. Charles J. Hertich
Mr./Mrs. James L. Hester

Mrs. Gilda B. Williams
Mr./Mrs. Art Young
Mr./Mrs. Thomas Zacher

Mr./Mrs. Carl B. Merollis
Dr./Mrs. William C. Hummel

AUGUST TRIBUTES

In Honor of Mrs. Milton

Greenfield, Jr.’s Birthday
Mr./Mrs. Leon Bodenheimer

In Honor of Mr. and Mrs. Thomas C.

Hendricks’ 50th Anniversary
Mr./Mrs. Bruce R. Yoder
In Honor of Mr. Sidney Mather
Skinner's 90th Birthday
Margaret and Lemoine Skinner, Jr.
In Honor of the Tribute Fund
Dorothy Hennicke

In Memory of Mr. Fred Becker
Grow & Show Garden Club

In Memory of Leta C. Bulla
Mr./Mrs. W. J. Freschi

In Memory of Miss Edna Campbell
Mrs. Roy McCormack

In Memory of Mrs. Jane Fausck
William M. Livingston

In Memory of Mrs. Merle Faut
Mrs. Theodore C. Eggers
Mr./Mrs. Jack E. Krueger

Mrs. Norman Schaumburg

In Memory of Mrs. Mary Hemker
Mr./Mrs. E. J. Costigan

In Memory of Husband

Vera M. Johanning

In Memory of Ada Smith Lee
Mrs. Dwight W. Coultas

In Memory of Elvira Lindenmann
Mr./Mrs. Richard C. Palm
In Memory of

Mrs. K. A. (Nonie) Morie
Mr./Mrs. Phil S. Chew

In Memory of Mrs. Mae Prange
Mrs. Douglas Newman

In Memory of Mrs. Henry Schiller
The Alexander Bakewells

In Memory of Rita Silversmith
Morton and Norma Singer
In Memory of

Mrs. Charles C. Spink, Sr.
C. C. Johnson Spink
In Memory of Richard P. Wichman
Bill and Ginny Hayman

SECOND CLASS
POSTAGE

MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN BULLETIN
2345 Tower Grove Avenue

Saint Louis, Missouri 63110 PAID
AT ST. LOUIS, MO.

Missouri
Botanical

Garden
Bulletin

Orchid in Autumn —
Climatron Tour, Page 3

Kresge Grant Is Garden i

The Kresge Foundation of Troy, Michigan, has
awarded a challenge grant to the Garden to assist in
the construction of the new Education/Visitor Orienta-
tion Center. The Kresge gift, $250,000, is conditional
upon successful completion of the Garden’s $6 mil-
lion fund raising campaign. At least an additional half
million dollars needs to be raised, according to Arthur
M. Dye, Jr., assistant director, who heads the Gar-
den’s fund raising activities.

Sebastian S. Kresge created the Kresge Found-
ation in 1924. Since its founding it has appropriated
funds in areas of higher education, health services,
the arts, social welfare, and the care of the young and
old. Generally, the grants have been for construction
Or major renovation of facilities and almost always
they have required the raising of additional money on
a challenge basis.

Most of the $6 million from the Campaign will be
used to construct the Education/Visitor Orientation
Center, which will provide more space for educational
activities and better facilities for visitors’ orientation.
Additional parking for visitors will also be provided,
and new maintenance and greenhouse facilities will
be constructed. Work has already begun on the
maintenance facilities.

In a related development, Mrs. Nora Stern, pres-
ident of the Executive Board of Members, has desig-
nated the Education Laboratory Workroom in the new
facility as a special Members’ project. Members are
being asked to contribute toward a $135,000 goal to
cover the cost of the workroom, where educational
programs which involve working with plants and soil
will take place.

“It is an exciting project for us,” Mrs. Stern said,
“and we are strongly committed to educating young
people of the St. Louis area — to introduce them to
the thrill of growing seeds and plants themselves.
Hands-on practical experience is the best way to do
this.”

ys,

y Sg,@

Cd

Wall graphic, sample above, developed by designer Ed Bydalek, will
depict botanical arrangement formed from the signatures of donors
to the special Members’ project. It will hang in the workroom of the
new Education/Visitor Orientation center.

Mrs. Stern also said that designer Ed Bydalek
has been selected to prepare a wall design to honor
members who contribute to the project. Each member
who contributes $25 or more will be asked to send his
or her signature to Bydalek, who will create a graphic
from the signatures. The graphic, probably a wall
hanging, will be used to decorate the workroom. The
overall effect will be a plant and each member will be
able to find his or her individual name in the design.
The graphic will also be reproduced in a limited edi-
tion poster form for members who contribute $250 or
more.

Robert R. Hermann has served as chairman of
the campaign. Assisting as heads of the major divi-
sions are Clarence C. Barksdale, A. Timon Primm III,
William R. Orthwein, Jr., and Warren M. Shapleigh.

Volume LXVI Number 11
November 1978

missouri arts COUNCI

$40,000 Allocation From
Missouri Arts Council

The Missouri Arts Council has allocated $40,000 to
the Garden for the period of July 1, 1978, to June 30,
1979, it was announced by Peter H. Raven, Garden
director.

The funding is being applied primarily to the design
of the exhibits and exhibit spaces for the new
Education/Visitor Orientation Center. This area will
constitute approximately 11,000 square feet. The
exhibits and displays will help the Garden’s more than
400,000 annual visitors tounderstand, interpret and
benefit from the numerous Garden features. Many
educational themes will be developed to translate the
extensive research and collecting activities of the staff
into meaningful displays and programs.

The firm of Deborah Sussman and Co., Graphics
Plus of Santa Monica, California, has been retained
to work on these exhibit areas. This is a firm that has
worked closely with Charles Eames and Associates
on many projects. Paul Prejza of that firm has visited
the Garden and is already involved in innovative
design concepts.

Missouri Arts Council funding makes possible
many meaningful interpretive displays throughout
the year.

Girl Scout Tree Exhibit

A display of Christmas trees representative of
countries throughout the world will be on view in the
Floral Display House from Sunday, December 3,
through Friday, December 29. The trees will be deco-
rated by the Girl Scouts of Greater St. Louis as a
special project.

Answerman Seminars

The 1978-1979 Answerman Training Seminar will
begin on Monday, November 6. Meetings are held
from 1 to 3 p.m. in the John S. Lehmann Building
auditorium. Persons interested in becoming a part of
the Answerman Service should call the Education
Department, 772-7600, for seminar dates and service
commitment.

Gate Shop Offers Mail Service

The Garden Gate Shop will offer holiday shop-
pers a new service this year. Gifts will be delivered in
town and mailed out of town. A fee of $2.50 per gift
will cover gift wrapping and delivery.

Make this holiday season more pleasant — stop
in the shop soon and make your selections.

2

Garden Among 256
IMS Grantees

The Institute of Museum Services, a recently
created federal agency within the Department of
Health, Education and Welfare, has announced its
first year’s awards of $3.7 million to 256 museums
and cultural institutions in the United States.

The Garden received $25,000 and as such is one
of five such recipients in the state of Missouri. Appli-
cants included art museums, children’s museums,
botanical gardens, historical museums, museums of
natural history, nature centers, planetaria, science
museums, zoological parks, aquaria and general
specialized museums.

Funds for the awards were made possible through
the Museum Services Act, Title Il of the Arts,
Humanities and Cultural Affairs Act of 1976.

The establishment of the Institute is a demonstra-
tion of the important shift of the federal government's
commitment to museums. In addition, the fact that
botanical gardens are included in the museum cate-
gory is even more significant. The Museum Services
Act specifically included these kinds of institutions in
its definition because many such institutions had no
other source of federal funding prior to the establish-
ment of the Institute.

Dr. Peter H. Raven, Garden director, is a member
of the National Museum Services Board. He is the
only botanical garden representative named to the
board by President Carter last December.

Tower Grove
House To Be

‘Spruced’ Up
Dec. 12

‘Twill be the season to be jolly and on December
12, Tower Grove House will be decorated with fresh,
live greens, a tree with all the trimmings, and all the
lovely sights and smells of an old-fashioned Christ-
mas. There will be jars of potpourri, Christmas scent
bags and Christmas cards for sale. Spicy gingerbread
men cookies will be baked in the house Christmas
week and will also be for sale. Come to Tower Grove
House and join in the spirit of Christmas.

The tearoom will be open as usual during De-
cember until Christmas and will be closed Christmas
week.

The MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN BULLETIN ts published

12 issues per year monthly by the Missouri Botanical Garden,
2345 Tower Grove Avenue, St. Louis, Mo.63110. Second class
postage paid at St. Louis, Mo. $5.00 per year. $6.00 foreign

The Climatron In Autumn:

Fall is weather time, when cool shadows remind
us of Keats’ lines: “Season of mists and mellow fruit-
fulness, Close bosom friend of the maturing sun.”

More and more of our thoughts at this season
are devoted to indoor comforts. Those entering the
main gate of the Garden, while admiring the outdoor
floral displays, cast a more meaningful look (than
would be the case in spring and summer) in the direc-
tion of the Climatron and the Mediterranean House.
The intriguing and glamorous plants under glass are
for the most part year-round fixtures, protected from
the rude intrusions of our cool climate.

As we walk toward the Climatron, passing the lily
pools, the photogenic red and purple waterlilies at-
tract the eye like magnets. These are hybrids, most of
them having been bred by the late George Pring.
Luxuriating in pools throughout the world, these
products of the Garden are reminders of the science
of plant breeding, an integral part of the program of
most botanical gardens.

Stepping into the Climatron is one of the great
thrills offered in the city of St. Louis. Here it is possible
to see more variety of tropical and subtropical exotic
plants in one hour than one could possibly see in a
couple of days of strenuous field work in the tropics.

At the main door of the Climatron there is usually
an eye-catching array of orchids! The majority are
Cattleya, native in tropical America, with sleek swol-
len pseudobulbs and usually fuschia-colored blos-
soms. They and the other orchids accompanying
them are an open invitation to the camera enthusiast.
They are like stars trapped in the jungle trees, not
living “with their feet on the ground,” so to speak, but
utilizing other plants for support. As epiphytes, they
rest here on the wiry roots of osmunda fern tied
to a tree.

To the right, at the Climatron’s entrance, is a tree
called “Carambola,” commemorating the Arabic
philosopher and physician, Averroes. From its
branches hang yellow waxy fruits, prominently ridged,
reminding us of a deflated football. Equally interesting
are the little clusters of magenta flowers. If one re-
flects on the structure of the Oxalis blossom so com-
mon in woodlands and often in our lawns, one
realizes that the blossoms of Carambola are almost
the exact counterparts. The two belong to the same
plant family and illustrate what wide range in size is
found in many plant families.

Diagonally across from the Carambola is the
exotic strangler fig, from the jungles of India, whose
trunk is somewhat hidden by the long ropelike stems
of Philodendron. A closer look at the fig reveals the
slender roots which seem to hang like weak, dis-
torted, lifeless arms from the lofty branches. These
Strangely positioned roots are responsible for the
term “strangler,” for they, with imperceptible slow-
ness, wrap themselves around neighboring trees and
shrubs. This strangler effect has prompted several

A Tropical Excursion

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VAVAVAE.
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Fancy foliage and flowers, part of the tropical splendor of
the Climatron.

imaginative writers to describe the work of the roots in
lurid fashion, as if reaching out to ensnare unsuspect-
ing humans passing through the jungle.

Immediately behind the orchid display is a shrub
almost head high. This is Psychotria punctata, whose
leaves are replete with little bumps or punctations. At
least in juvenile leaves these swellings contain mi-
croscopic bacteria living along in mutual harmony with
the protoplasm of the leaf. Strange bedfellows
perhaps, but no more strange than the fact that bac-
teria luxuriate naturally in our digestive tract, helping
us in our metabolic struggle.

Towering over the Psychotria shrub is another
species of fig, with tips drawn like a needle. In the
rainforest the almost ceaseless waters run off the
blade, treading this narrow causeway, descriptively
referred to as a “drip tip.”

In this area is an array of cycads, slow growing
plants with rigid wax-covered leaves that spread like

(Continued on Page 4)

3

those of palms. From the heart of the whorled leaf
bases arise, in season, heads or cones unlike any
structure found in the palms. Like the ginkgo, they are
living fossils, with nine genera and less than 200
species in the tropics and subtropics of the world.
Here, at this very spot, the Garden has seven of the
nine genera alive. This is one of the few places in the
United States where specialists may study this exotic
group effectively. One specimen of Zamia looks like a
palm tree and is hundreds of years old. By counting
the scars on the trunk, left by fallen leaves, and count-
ing the persistent leaves and dividing this latter
number by two, then multiplying this number by the
total of the leaf scars, one can ascertain the approxi-
mate age of the tree.

Walking ahead to the portico one observes the
beautiful bird’s nest fern, the epiphytic staghorn fern,
and as one swings around to the right to descend the
stairs, a banana tree which in season bears live stalks
of the fruit. At the foot of the steps is the Hong Kong
orchid tree, which in reality is not an orchid, as or-
chids never attain tree size. The misnomer arises
from the fancied resemblance of the flowers to an
orchid. The tree is a member of the legume family as
its pods would suggest. The leaves are fascinating,
being made up of two leaflets partially yolked. Carl
Linnaeus, the 18th century physician and systematist
par excellence, on seeing the leaves, seized the op-
portunity to commemorate two herbalists of the previ-
ous century, the Bauhin brothers. Thus the genus
name is Bauhinia. Linnaeus’ romantic strain has im-
mortalized the filial devotion of the two brothers.

Botanists frequently name plants after people.
Standing in front of the Hong Kong orchid tree we see
the shrub Hamelia with its orange flowers, named
after H. Du Hamel, a Frenchman; the well-known
Gardenia, commemorating Alexander Garden, an
18th century Charleston, S.C., physician; Plumieria
(the frangipani tree), named after the French botanist
C. Plumier; Bougainvillea, the vine with spectacular
flowers, reminding us of the French navigator, de
Bougainville, wno explored much of the South Pacific.

As far as flowering on a year-round basis, of all
the shrubs in the Climatron there is none more reli-
able than the hibiscus. Looking head on into the heart
of its blossom, we see its relationship with the hol-
lyhock and abutilon. The flowers of all three have a
central fingerlike column; these are the sex organs,
the male a fringe of small pollen-producing sacs; the
female, only partially in evidence, as five dwarf-
fingered stigmas hovering over the pollen sacs in an-
ticipation of mating.

There is so much to see: the Climatron’s lake,
the waterfall, the bromeliads, the underwater tunnel,
the simulated rice paddy, the bamboo grove, the
eucalyptus tree, the macadamia nut tree competing
with the sleek Norfolk pine!

A favorite walk of many visiting the Climatron is
along “economic row” which may be seen by veering
sharp right at the main entrance of the Climatron.

4

First in sight is the pineapple plant, which at times has
the familiar fruit burgeoning from a rosette of fleshy
leaves. Nearby are several papaya trees whose large
fruits in season hang like yellow footballs from the
fleshy trunks. The fruits are a delight to the palate;
their juices are used to tenderize steaks. Papaya’s
potential in medicine and in industry is being explored
with intensity. A few steps farther and voila, the shrub
of lemon, its deep green glossy aromatic leaves and
white flowers, the counterparts of orange blossoms,
weighed down by turgid fruits! Beside the lemon
shrub is one of the princes of the cash crops, the
coffee plant which brings to mind the great coffee
plantations of tropical America and Africa.

In a sense, the Climatron and the Mediterranean
House bespeak the language of botany without con-
cern for international boundaries or for time itself. The
plant lore enmeshed in their vegetation defies the
ability of any pen. The beauty at every turn speaks for
itself! — John D. Dwyer

A GARDEN WELCOME — A new face can be seen around the
Garden these days. Nancy Speed, a teacher in the St. Louis Public
School System, has been assigned to work with the Garden staff to

teach our regular program offerings and develop new ones. This
offers the opportunity to expand the interpretive programs and to
reach a wide audience in the school system. It is a pleasure to
extend a Garden welcome to Nancy Speed.

Dr. George T. Moore,
A Portrait In Memoriam

A portrait of Dr. George T. Moore, former Garden
director, now graces the lobby of the administration
building. The plaque beneath the portrait, a gift from
his family, reads as follows:

In recognition
Dr. George T. Moore
His foresight and untiring effort brought
The Missouri Botanical Garden
to its proper place among
the Botanical Gardens of the world
Director: 1912 to 1953
Director Emeritus: 1953 to 1956

Dr. Moore came to St. Louis in 1909 at the age of
38, already an accomplished educator and scientist,
and joined the Garden staff under then Director Wil-
liam Trelease. His scientific discipline, algology, led
him to an effective method of control of algae and
certain pathogenic bacteria in water supplies. As a
public spirited citizen of St. Louis, Dr. Moore was
known for his civic involvement, as a skillful adminis-
trator and witty master of ceremonies. The field of
research in which Dr. Moore was active made it
natural for his involvement at the Marine Biological
Research Station in Wood’s Hole, Massachusetts. He
taught and trained many of the country’s top
biologists and was instrumental in the growth of that
institution. During the 20s and 30s he maintained a
summer home there. In St. Louis, Dr. Moore taught
both graduate and undergraduate courses in the
Henry Shaw School of Botany. His career as a
teacher was a distinguished one.

In 1912, he was made Garden director. As such,
Dr. Moore had to face rising operating costs — par-
ticularly those of labor. Redesign efforts were under-
taken throughout the Garden. Inefficient greenhouses
were replaced, elaborate flowerbeds were eliminated
or simplified. The staff was expanded by the addition
of world renowned scientists, and fellowships for

aowwe

aes

Dr. George T. Moore

graduate students. The herbarium was expanded.
The Arboretum in Gray Summit was purchased and
greenhouses built.

The last half of his directorship was concerned
mainly with the attempt to increase the endowment
necessary to keep the Garden on the course charted
by Henry Shaw. He continued to reduce labor con-
suming flower beds.

To those who knew him well, Dr. Moore was
generous and warm hearted. Though his outward
demeanor was one of reserve, there was always a
twinkle in his eye.

The distinguished portrait is a reminder of the
devotion and service of a great man and director.
George T. Moore added dimension to the legacy of
Henry Shaw for all who were to follow.

acs os
| leg

HARVEST SHOW
WINNER — Bonsai, blue
ribbon winner during the
recent Harvest Show at
the Garden, hosted by the
Greater St. Louis District,
Men’s Garden Clubs of
America.

Gardening in St. Louis

Days grow shorter, nights cooler and with
thoughts of last year’s severe winter still in mind, the
gardener must prepare for another.

Maintenance chores should be continued
throughout the month. Leaves, when raked off the
lawn, can be added to the growing compost pile. Con-
tinue to Keep the lawn mowed as long as the grass is
still growing.

If plants have not been mulched previously, now
is the time to complete this task. Apply to the depth of
four to six inches out to the drip line on established
plants, but further on new plantings. Plants that are
suspectible to winter burn should be protected. Insert
sturdy stakes into the ground near branch tips. Wrap
burlap around stakes, leaving a six-inch space be-
tween the bottom of the burlap and the ground, to just
over the top and fasten securely. The burlap barrier
will protect tender plants such as boxwoods from the
winter sun and wind, but still allow air to circulate.

Check all plants that are staked to be certain that
stakes and ties are secure. On plants that have been
staked for awhile, check to be sure that ties are not
too tight. In staking newly planted specimens, select
soft material or hose to cover the wire. This will pre-
vent damage to the bark.

Fall Bulbs
Fall bulbs should be in the ground by now. If the
planting is not complete, do so as quickly as possible.
Bulbs will not flower properly next spring if time is not
sufficient for some root growth.

House Plants
Continue to check house plants to make certain
insects are under control. Spraying can still be ac-
complished outside on warm days. Days are becom-
ing shorter so less water will be needed. Only flower-
ing plants should be fertilized to keep them in good
condition. Growth slows down for foliage plants and

should have a normal rest period.

Winterizing Roses

The best winter protection for roses is to hill each
bush with six to eight inches of good top soil, mixed
with equal parts of organic matter or compost. Later
add two to three inches of wood chips.

Do not prune bushes until spring. If there are
some long canes that may break in the wind, cut
those back. Those roses that are not pruned until
spring will have a better survival rate.

Fertilizing

Superphosphate and organic matter can be
worked into the vegetable garden if not accomplished
last month. Leave the soil rough dug as the action of
freezing, thawing, wind, rain, snow will break the soil
to a better tilth. Shrubs and trees will also benefit from
a light application of superphosphate. Trees and
6

shrubs can be fertilized with a balanced fertilizer into
late November if root fed. Trees are most effectively
fed by digging a series of holes out to the drip line —
18 inches apart, 10-12 inches deep. Add balanced
fertilizer to each hole leaving open for air and mois-
ture. As the fertilizer breaks down the roots will con-
tinue to absorb it until the soil freezes.

Home Greenhouse Care

Continue greenhouse maintenance chores in
preparation for colder weather. Check for insects and
disease while there is time to spray and fumigate and
air out the house on warm days. Watch temperature
fluctuations and ventilation, since shading has been
removed. Night temperatures of 50-55 degrees will
save on heating bills and keep plants in good condi-
tion. It may be advisable to cover the north wall of the
greenhouse with plastic, leaving a two-inch air space
as an insulating barrier.

Watch watering and don't fertilize unless plants
are actually growing and then only lightly. Check
supplies of potting media while they can still be ob-
tained. Store media, insecticides and fungicides
where they will not freeze.

Working days in the garden can be ended before
a blazing fire in the fireplace — one of the dividends
of late autumn and winter.

Members On The Move

The following tours are scheduled for the beginning
of 1979. Members should contact the Members’ Of-
fice for further information. Mark your calendars now
for the trip of your choice.

February 7-20. A Tauck Tour includ-
ing Oahu and the neighbor islands.
$1,660 per person based on double
occupancy.

March 24-31. Explore the deserts of
Arizona and New Mexico during
this peak flowering season. Per-
sonally escorted by Ken Peck,
manager of instructional services at
the Garden.

April 24-29. An exciting trip to Vir-
ginia during Garden Week featuring
Williamsburg, Charlottesville and
many historic houses and gardens
along the way.

Hawaii:

Desert Tour:

Virginia:

Member of
The Arts and Education
Fund of Greater St.Louls

Linnaean House Restoration
Funded Through Federal Grant

State Sen. John Scott and Rep. Russell Egan
have announced the grant of $50,000 of federal
matching monies for the restoration of the Linnaean
House. These funds, administered through the Mis-
souri Department of Natural Resources, Office of His-
toric Preservation, will greatly assist in the restoration
project, expected to cost $150,000.

The goal of the restoration is to return the Lin-
naean House to its circa 1900 condition. Built by
Henry Shaw in 1882, this greenhouse is the oldest
continuously operating greenhouse west of the Mis-
sissippi and one of the oldest in the nation. Early in
this century, severe storms caused heavy damage to
the Linnaean House.

Through the firm of Kramer and Harms, St. Louis

Continuing Members
Lecture Series

Wednesday, Mushrooms and Other Fungi,
November 1 James Maniotis, Associate Professor
of Biology, Washington University

Monday, The Tulip, Peacock of Flowers,
November 6 Nina James, Member, British Guild
of Guide Lecturers

Wednesday, Protecting Missouri’s Endangered
November 8 Species, John Wylie, Missouri
Department of Conservation

All lectures will be presented in the auditorium of
the John S. Lehmann Building at 10:30 a.m. and 8:00
p.m.

architects, the building will be meticulously restored.
The roof will again be slate and concealed windows
reopened. An ornamental iron crest and the copper
sheathing which adorned the roof and parapets will
be replaced.

The house was named by Shaw in honor of the
great Swedish naturalist, Carl Linnaeus, the father of
modern botany. In early days the house was used as
an orangery, a place to house plants which could not
tolerate frost for the winter. For the past several de-
cades, this greenhouse has been graced by the Gar-
den’s camellia collection, providing bright splashes of
color during dreary February.

“With its prominent location near the Garden's
proposed new entrance, the Linnaean House will be-
come a focal point for the hundreds of thousands of
visitors to the Garden each year, and it is exciting to
see the restoration project underway,” said Senator
Scott.

i ots. hae

A NIGHT FOR SWEDEN —

Tom K. Smith, Jr., right, president

* of the Garden Board of Trustees,

ss and Philip Graham, president of

the Swedish Council of St. Louis,

4se. OiScuss program items during

» the recent dinner banquet held

in honor of Carl Linnaeus,

Sy Resse) Swedish scientist and the father

= of modern botany. A special
guest at the banquet was Tore

: Hogstedt, Swedish consul

general from Chicago.

se a
PP att thy
Me

iv

teere

Calendar
thru Nov. 26 Chrysanthemum Show
Floral Display House
9 a.m.-4:30 p.m.
Nov. 18-26 “Food Plants of Tropical Lands”

Climatron, Desert House,
Mediterranean House
10 a.m.-4:30 p.m.

MEMBERSHIP — SEPTEMBER 1978

Mrs. Watson K. Blair

HENRY SHAW ASSOCIATES
Mr./Mrs. G. A. Buder, Jr.

Mr./Mrs. Howard F. Baer Mr./Mrs. Sam'l C. Davis
Mr./Mrs. Joseph H. Bascom Mr./Mrs. Guy W. Fiske, Jr.
Mr. Watson K. Blair Mr./Mrs. James H. Howe, Ill

Mr./Mrs. Stanley F. Jackes
Mrs. John V. Janes

Mrs. Irene C. Jones

Dr./Mrs. H. Kendig

Mrs. John S. Lehmann

Mrs. Florence T. Morris
Mr./Mrs. W. R. Orthwein, Jr.
Mrs. Howard E. Ridgway
Mr./Mrs. Frederic M. Robinson
Mrs. Gladney Ross

Mr. S. C. Sachs

Mr./Mrs. Daniel L. Schlafly
Mr./Mrs. Warren M. Shapleigh
Mr./Mrs. Sydney Shoenberg, Jr.
Mrs. Tom K. Smith, Sr.
Mr./Mrs. Tom K. Smith, Jr.
Mr./Mrs. C. C. Johnson Spink
Mrs. Hermann F. Spoehrer
Mr./Mrs. Jack L. Turner
Mr./Mrs. Richard K. Weil

Mrs. Ben H. Wells

DIRECTOR’S ASSOCIATES

Mr./Mrs. Alexander M. Bakewell
Mr./Mrs. David D. Farrell
Mr./Mrs. Henry Hitchcock
Mr./Mrs. A. H. Homeyer
Mr./Mrs. Gerald Pensel
Mr./Mrs. A. Timon Primm, III
Mr./Mrs. Robert A. Ridgway
Mrs. Mason Scudder

Miss Harriet J. Talman
Mr./Mrs. Harold E. Thayer
Mr./Mrs. Andrew R. Zinsmeyer

INCREASE IN MEMBERSHIPS

DIRECTOR’S ASSOCIATE
Mrs. Joseph C. Champ

SUSTAINING
Mr./Mrs. J. Telscher

CONTRIBUTING

Ms. Vera Hicks

Mr. John F. Krey, Ill

Mrs. Lawrence K. Roos
Mr./Mrs. A. J. Sestric
Mr./Mrs. B. R. Yoder
Mr./Mrs. Peter G. Zentay

NEW MEMBERSHIPS
SUSTAINING

Citizens Bank of Pacific

CONTRIBUTING

Mr./Mrs. T. Walter Hardy, Jr.
Mr. Michael G. Rubin

REGULAR

Ms. Barbara Arrington
Mr./Mrs. Robert W. Baebler
Dr. R. S. Basa

Mr. Robert M. Bivens
Mr./Mrs. George C. Bohn
Mr. Gerald D. Bolas
Mr./Mrs. John R. Boyce
Mr. Vaughn Bradshaw
Mr./Mrs. Edward Brewster
Dr./Mrs. Kent E. Bruder
Ms. Marge Camenzind
Mr./Mrs. William B. Cason
Mr./Mrs. Thomas J. Chmelir
Ms. Janice Christiansen

Mr./Mrs. Robert Clark
Mr./Mrs. John Columbo
Mrs. Ruth Craft

Dr. C. D’'Oench

Mr./Mrs. Byron A. Davis
Mr./Mrs. Richard E. Dawson
Mr./Mrs. William H. Doub, Jr.
Mrs. Diana M. Drisko

Mr. James Dunham

Mrs. Cornell H. Eckert
Mr./Mrs. Donald W. Engbert
Mr. Christopher R. Erkmann
Miss Marie G. Ewers
Mr./Mrs. Thomas L. Farquhar
Mr./Mrs. Durand Fernandez
Mr. Richard A. Ficker

Ms. Louis E. Foshage
Mr./Mrs. John Fox

Mr./Mrs. F. W. Garland, Jr.
Mr./Mrs. Marvin D. Ginsberg
Ms. M. Greulick

Mr./Mrs. Ralph M. Hansen
Mr. Russell L. Hauser, Jr.
Mr. Ralph Hebblethwaite

Mr. David S. Hegmann, Sr.
Mr. Walter F. Hehman
Mr./Mrs. F. J. Herman
Mr./Mrs. Ken Hirlinger
Mr./Mrs. Joseph J. Hoffmann
Mr./Mrs. Mark Jacobs

Mr. Mike Janson

Mr./Mrs. John E. Jennings
Mr./Mrs. Donald R. Joehl
Mr./Mrs. Edwin W. Joern
Ms. Kay Jones

Ms. Joanne Klubs

Mr. Jack Kroeck

Mr./Mrs. Albert D. Krueger
Mr./Mrs. Jack Kwiatek

Ms. Ruth LaPiere

Mr./Mrs. Michael E. Lee
Dr./Mrs. Jerome F. Levy

Ms. Irene Lewis

Mr./Mrs. Arthur Lieser
Mr./Mrs. Carl H. Little
Miss Sybil Marionneaux
Mr./Mrs. W. J. Marshall
Ms. Joy Ellen Martin
Mr./Mrs. LaVaunt Maupin
Ms. Carolyn S. McColpin
Mr. Ulett McKay

Dr. Frank McLaughlin
Shauna Miles

Ms. Beulah Miller

Mr./Mrs. Robert S. Mitchell
Ms. Joan S. Morley
Mr./Mrs. R. M. Morriss, Jr.
Mrs. Adair D. Mulligan

Mr. Raymond Neudecker
Mr./Mrs. C. Pond

Mr./Mrs. Robert E. Power
Mr./Mrs. Bob G. Rawlings
Mr./Mrs. William F. Reck, III
Mr./Mrs. Joseph S. Reedy
Mr./Mrs. Richard Reeves
Mr. Luis Reyes

Mr./Mrs. John Schuler
Mr./Mrs. Thomas W. Schwark
Mr./Mrs. Richard E. Schwendemann
Miss Mary F. Shaughnessy
Ms. Emily S. Sheldon

Mr. Paul J. Siemer
Mr./Mrs. Joseph A. Small
Dr./Mrs. H. W. Smith

Miss Nancy Speed
Mr./Mrs. Art J. Speranza
Mr./Mrs. John J. Spiesz
Mrs. Martha Spytkowski
Miss Martha Sturm

Mrs. E. L. Thompson
Mr./Mrs. D. R. Tracey

Mr. W. Cecil Trotwein
Mr./Mrs. Bernard M. Vance
Mr./Mrs. Vernon Vix

SEPTEMBER TRIBUTES

In Honor of Mr. and Mrs. Robert N.
Arthur’s Golden Anniversary
Mrs. Ralph E. Piper

In Honor of Billy's Engagement
Mr./Mrs. Sam Rosenbloom

In Honor of
Mrs. J. W. Kerley’s Birthday
Peter and Ann Husch

In Honor of Mark’s Engagement
Dorothy & Sam Rosenbloom

In Honor of
Mrs. Nancy Rennard’s Birthday

Dorothy & Sam Rosenbloom

In Honor of Mrs. Gladney Ross
Mr./Mrs. Jamerson C. McCormack

In Honor of Mrs. Hazel Smith
Clayton Garden Club #4

In Honor of
Dr. and Mrs. Samuel D. Soule
Mrs. Aaron Fischer

In Memory of Mr. Lon B. Claypool
Vi Taylor

In Memory of Lucy Mildred Faut

Mrs. Helen M. Ravarino

In Memory of Mrs. George Hasegawa
Karl D. Pettit, II!

In Memoy of George Hutchinson
Marta Brockmeyer

In Memory of Ethel M. McCarthy
Many of her friends

In Memory of Rene J. Mechin
Mrs. E. R. Hurd, Jr.

In Memory of
Mrs. Annabelle Meinberg
Elaine and John Henkle

In Memory of Mr. Louis J. Orabka
Dr. Armand D. Fries

In Memory of Mr. Harold Rothman

Fred and June Fangmann

In Memory of Mrs. Helen Seibert
A. Sherwood and Hester Lee

In Memory of Mrs. M. Edward Sparberg
Mr./Mrs. Perry A. Hanson

In Memory of Mrs. J. G. Taylor Spink
C. C. Johnson Spink

In Memory of Mrs. Jack H. Thompson
Mr./Mrs. Gerald Pensel

In Memory of
Mr./Mrs. Yukinobu Yamamato
Mr./Mrs. Richard Henmi
Ikebana International, St. Louis Chapter
Japanese American Baptist Church Group
Mrs. Mara Kadowaki
Mrs. Helen Miyasaka
Mrs. Sadano Taketa

MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN BULLETIN
2345 Tower Grove Avenue

Saint Louis, Missouri 6311

0

SECOND CLASS
POSTAGE

PAID
AT ST. LOUIS, MO.

Missouri
Botanical

Garden
Bulletin

Christmas, an elfin
experience; for other gift
ideas, see Pages 6-7. 7"

[he Garden's Future — Reaching Out To People

Sometime in 1981, the doors of the “Crystal
?alace” will open to the citizenry of St. Louis. In plan
and concept, the new facility will be an exciting blend
of new and modern design techniques and the trea-

~ 3ured traditions of Shaw’s time.

This building and the related construction at the
1orth end of the Garden are the culmination of the
1973 master plan. The plan was commissioned by
Jr. Peter Raven shortly after he became director in
1971. The primary goal of the Garden at that time
and today is to make the Garden the world’s finest
hrough outstanding educational and research pro-
jrams within the framework of a beautiful garden
setting.

The initial goals focused upon the setting —
noving people from the main axis of the Garden,
nain gate-Climatron, by creating additional areas of
nterest, circulating people, enticing visitors to
2xplore. With this in mind, the English Woodland
Garden and Japanese Garden were designed and
Jeveloped, and fountains and sculpture were
strategically placed to add interest. So the first
dhases of the plan are near completion.

As research programs continue behind the mir-
‘ored facade of the John S. Lehmann building and
hroughout the tropical areas of the world, attention
1as now been turned to the expansion of existing
2ducational programs.

Environmental Planning and Design of
ittsburgh, the firm commissioned to develop the
naster plan, has been working closely with Gyo
Jbata, “Crystal Palace” designer, to coordinate the
Yew facility with the surrounding area. As the build-
ng moves into the final design stages, the design
schemes for the surrounding gardens, courtyards,
dlazas and parking proceed at an equal pace.

All of this development will take place in an area
of the Garden previously not open to the public. The

central vault of the education facility will be aligned
with the new entrance from Shaw Avenue. The adja-
cent parking will provide secure, easy access by day
or night. Night lighting will provide safe entry and exit
for evening classes and lectures. The parking area
will be screened from the street and from the rest of
the Garden.

Entering the doors of the vaulted “Crystal
Palace” will place the visitor at the northern extrem-
ity of the Garden. There, after assimilating the in-
terpretive material on display, the visitor will emerge
to the panorama of the entire Garden.

The central courtyard will focus on a fountain at
the base of a series of steps. From the courtyard the
eye will travel to the restored Linnaean House. The
surrounding garden will present a range of colors
and textures — a complete experience of a garden
within a garden. Aspects of the entire Garden will be
presented here to give the visitor the complete gar-
den experience while whetting the appetite to search
and explore all the other parts.

The Rose Garden will remain. One will be
drawn from one area of interest to another — en-
closed areas, hedges, cloister effects. A covered
walkway from the new building to the Climatron will
be constructed so that during inclement weather vis-
itors may move from one building to the other. This
entrance garden will contain garden courts, will
stress the fact that the Garden is a garden for all
seasons, will incorporate fountains and sculpture.
The important point to stress is that the Garden will be
enriching the existing traditions. The building will be
new, some of the entrance garden will be restruc-
tured, redesigned, but the trees will remain and
perhaps be appreciated even more.

The plans and the development will strengthen
the ties between Garden traditions and history, be-

(Continued on Page 4, Column Two)

Volume LXVI Number 12
December 1978

Drive To Restore Historic Greenhouse

The Swedish Council of St. Louis has an-
nounced plans to help the Garden raise funds for
restoration of the Linnaean House. Reynold W.
Malmer has accepted the appointment as fund drive
chairman from Dr. Philip Graham, president of the
Swedish Council. The appointment was made at a
dinner last October honoring Carl Linnaeus.

The Linnaean House is the oldest greenhouse
west of the Mississippi River, and the only one of
Henry Shaw's original greenhouses remaining at the
Garden. Shaw named the building in honor of Lin-
naeus (1707-1778), the father of modern botany.
Having been severely damaged by numerous
storms over the last 60 years and never completely
restored, the building is in serious need of repair.

In accepting the appointment as chairman of the
drive, Malmer commented, “This is the finest
monument to any Swede in the Midwest and it is
fitting that we begin the drive to restore the Linnaean
House 200 years after the death of Linnaeus.”

The total cost of the project is expected to be
$150,000. A $50,000 matching grant from the Mis-
souri Department of Natural Resources was
awarded last summer. Present plans call for comple-
tion of the restoration in 1979. The Linnaean House
is located at the north end of the Garden and will be
the first building encountered by visitors after leaving
the planned Education/Visitor Orientation Center.
This fact increases the importance of the restoration
since the house will become even more of a focal
point than it is presently.

,

Trees Of Many Lands

mm MUM PREVIEW — Garden

faa Members enjoy
refreshments and a sneak
preview during the
October Preview Party
for the annual
Chrysanthemum Show,

we RF

Garden visitors are in for a distinctive December
treat. The Garden Museum will be decorated with an
exhibit of Christmas trees. The theme is international,
with displays representing the trees of Ireland,
Russia, England, Austria, Denmark, Mexico, France,
Holland, Africa, Scandinavia and America. The dec-
orating will be done by the Girl Scouts of Greater
St. Louis.

The display will be open daily from December 3
through December 29, during regular Garden hours.

Tower Grove House Aft Christmas

Henry Shaw’s country home, Tower Grove
House, will be closed for holiday decoration on Mon-
day, December 11. It will open December 12 with
hours from 10 a.m. to 4 p.m. The tearoom will be
open for lunch, by reservation only, Tuesdays and
Thursdays through December 21.

Volunteer tour guides are always in demand for
Tower Grove House. The hours are 10 a.m. to 1 p.m.
or 1p.m. to 4 p.m. daily. This is a splendid opportun-
ity for antique lovers to spend time in lovely Victorian
Surroundings. For more information, please call
Jane Coultas, 773-9000.

The MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN BULLETIN ts published

12 issues per year monthly by the Missouri Botanical Garden
2345 Tower Grove Avenue, St. Louis, Mo.63110. Second class
postage paid at St. Louis, Mo. $5.00 per year. $6.00 foreign

“4 0p owe

October: Milestone Month
For The Garden

October was a month of exceptional historic sig-
nificance at the Garden — marking both the 25th year
of the Systematics Symposium and the first time in 45
years that the Henry Shaw Medal for Conservation
was awarded.

The Henry Shaw Medal, the Garden’s highest
honor, was presented during a special October dinner
to Roberto Incer Barquero, president, Banco Central
de Nicaragua.

Dr. Raven’s Remarks

In making the historic presentation, Dr. Peter H.
Raven, Garden director, remarked:

“Central America is a tropical region about four-
fifths the size of Texas, but with about twice as many
people—some 20 million. Nicaragua, a beautiful and
mountainous country where the pines of the northern
hemisphere reach their southern limit, has about the
same number of people as metropolitan St. Louis,
some 2.4 million, in an area nearly the size of Mis-
souri. Itis the largest and least densely settled coun-
try in the Central American region, but the majority of
the population is settled along the Pacific side of the
Republic. Half of the people live in cities, a higher
proportion than in any of the neighboring countries...

“Because of its relatively low population density,
Nicaragua Is in a better situation than any other coun-
try of Central America to understand its natural re-
sources before they are gone and to manage them
wisely for the benefit of future generations. One ele-
ment in such management is the establishment of
national parks and reserves for the enjoyment and
education of all people, and to serve as ecological
baselines for the prudent managment of other areas.

“In this field, Nicaragua has made a critical step
with the establishment of the spectacular Volcan
Masaya National Park, on the flanks of an active vol-

cano near Managua. Attractive to residents and
tourists alike, this park is an important addition to the
growing network in the American tropics, and a fitting
complement to those established recently in
neighboring republics. It is for us a symbol of the wise
management of natural resources that we confidently
expect from the government of Nicaragua as addi-
tional areas, and especially the rich and extensive
forests of the east coast, are developed.

“We are here tonight to honor the man most re-
sponsible for the creation of Nicaragua’s first national
park, Dr. Roberto Incer Barquero. As president of the
Central Bank, he took the steps that made possible
this significant gift to future generations. An
economist and graduate of Yale and the London
School of Economics, he has served for ten years in
his present position and has achieved a position of
prominence in international banking circles.

“The Henry Shaw Medal, named for the distin-
guished founder and benefactor of the Missouri Bo-
tanical Garden, has been given infrequently. In estab-
lishing the Garden, Henry Shaw made possible the
development of one of the few institutions in the world
capable of dealing effectively with the poorly known
plants of the American tropics. At a time when the
future prosperity and even survival of many nations
depends on such knowledge, it is singularly fitting that
we honor a man who has so clearly demonstrated his
understanding of the problem and his willingness to
do something about it. Doctor Incer, it is with the
greatest pleasure that | award you the Henry Shaw
Medal of the Missouri Botanical Garden, for your out-
standing efforts in the field of conservation.”

Dr. Incer, In Acceptance

Dr. Incer, in accepting the award, said: “I want to
express my gratitude for the great honor that the Mis-
souri Botanical Garden has bestowed on me by
awarding the Henry Shaw Medal. | regard this medal
as a great distinction and | receive it with great pride. |
accept it and take it as a recognition of the fruitful
work of the Central Bank of Nicaragua in the fields of
research of the country’s natural resources.

“lam so pleased to receive the Henry Shaw
Medal from, the Missouri Botanical Garden. Henry
Shaw belonged to the group of distinguished Ameri-
cans | admire the most. He is one who combined a
successful business career with a deep hearted devo-
tion for public service. His original vision has de-
veloped in the last 120 years into one of the finest
scientific institutions in the United States — the Mis-
souri Botanical Garden as it is today. By receiving the
Henry Shaw Medal | feel that in some way | have met
the challenge that the Nicaraguan people and gov-
ernment placed on me 10 years ago, when | was
appointed president of the Central Bank of
Nicaragua. It was my eager purpose at that time to
combine in the Central Bank of Nicaragua the func-
tions of a government agency with the vision of a
far-sighted private foundation. Thus in the last ten

(Continued on Page 4)

3

Milestone Month (Continued from Page 3)

years the bank has been able to discharge its re-
sponsibilities as the monetary authority of Nicaragua,
while supporting and sponsoring in this way a private
foundation, training, research, and conservation of
natural heritage.

“In the last ten years, our training programs have
sent some two hundred young Nicaraguans to pursue
graduate studies. They have come back from the best
American and European universities with degrees in
fields as economics, sociology, management sci-
ences, biology and natural resources. The Bank’s
work in scientific research has been broad and exten-
sive. It has embraced such fields as archaeology,
geology, ecology, botany, zoology and forestry. Ac-
cordingly, just to mention a few cases, the Bank has
sponsored such undertakings as archaeological ex-
peditions on the Caribbean shores to investigate how
the Nicaraguans lived 7,000 years ago, as well as
studies on the seismic risks and geological faults in
Managua, that will determine how the Nicaraguans
must live in the years ahead.

Cooperative Programs

“In cooperation with American universities, U.S.
foundations, professors and students, the Bank has
promoted, among many other things, the investiga-
tion of two of the tropical endangered species — the
fresh water shark in the Lake of Nicaragua, and the
green turtle in the Caribbean Coast. We feel proud to
say that Bernard Nietschmann’s work on the turtle
has been conducive for both the Nicaraguan and
American governments in establishing decisive regu-
lations on the capture and trade of this threatened
marine species, thus not going too far apart from the
pace set by Archie Carr on the conservation of these
turtles in their nesting and breeding ground in Baun
Colorado and in Costa Rica.

“The Bank feels proud to cooperate with the Mis-
souri Botanical Garden and the Universidad Cen-
troamericana of Managua to organize the Nicaraguan
herbarium that will represent the first comprehensive
effort made in this field in the country .. .

“| hope that with our conservation efforts our
children may find the volcano surroundings not too
much different from what John L. Stephens, who dis-
covered the ancient Mayan ruins, described 140
years ago in his classic book, Travels in Central
America. | am confident that this park will bear wit-
ness to the future generations that |, as president of
the Central Bank of Nicaragua, cared for ecology as
well as economy.

“Our open minds and hearts will be waiting for
you in Nicaragua. Let me express again to the Mis-
souri Botanical Garden, and especially to Dr. Raven,
my gratitude for the great distinction | have received
tonight. | will hold this award as one of the most
cherished distinctions | have ever received in my life.

“Thank you.”

4

The 25th Systematics Symposium

The 1978 Systematics Symposium began the
same evening, October 20, with scientists in atten-
dance from around the world. J. Heslop-Harrison,
University College of Wales, who gave the principal
address, is past director of Kew. In attendance as well
was Dr. Huang from Taiwan who had been at the
Garden 30 years ago. He came to this country to
attend the Symposium and see some of his old
friends. On a walk around the Garden he said, “Many
things have changed in 30 years, but | feel as if I’ve
come home.”

The Symposium has been funded by the Na-
tional Science Foundation for all of its 25-year history.
It is so well attended that registration must be limited
to the capacity of the auditorium.

The Symposium this year dealt with the charac-
teristics of pollen of living plants. The study of pollen
has become an important subject for botanical study
in recent years and as such has yielded valuable in-
sights into the problems of plant systematics (the
classification of plants). The Symposium dealt with
problems of interpreting pollen characteristics and the
implications of these findings for other fields in botany.
Dr. Heslop-Harrison’s evening lecture entitled “Pollen
Walls as Adaptive Systems” dealt with why pollen is
structured in the way it is.

Four basic questions were addressed by the
speakers: (1) What are the adaptive signs of various
pollens and why such diversity in physical charac-
teristics? (2) How have those changes come about?
(3) How do insects change in relation to the pollen
they gather? (4) What are the mechanics behind the
germination of pollen on plants and other surfaces?
The above questions have relevance in hybrids —
the interbreeding of crop plants for the development
of greater food potential.

The Garden’s Future... (Continued from Page 1)

tween the new and the old. The stress is on people
and moving people in a meaningful way from the
building into the garden with ease, with pleasure.
Outdoor dining experiences will be provided. All
routes, all areas will be totally accessible to the
handicapped.

The entire development of the north end of the
Garden is made possible through the $6 million
campaign which the Garden is striving to bring to a
close by the end of this year. The goal is certainly
within sight; however, much work still remains to be
accomplished. There are many areas in which
specific gifts can still be given. The Garden is for
people and it is the people of the St. Louis area who
are making these exciting changes possible. The
Garden experience is for everyone, is enriching, is
responding to the needs of the St. Louis area. The
“Crystal Palace” will provide the facility for the ex-
pansion of the educational programs for St. Louis
area children, teachers and continuing adult educa-
tion.

Garden Tour : From Lily Pool
To Mediterranean House

The writer (born in New Jersey) got his first
glimpse of the Garden in a college text which featured
a photo of Victoria regia, the giant water-lily displayed
in the central pool in season Victoria commemorates
Queen Victoria; regia means pertaining to the queen.
The plant luxuriates in the backwater of the Amazon
river. Each saucer-shaped leaf has a several-inch-
high rim, notched in places, to let rainwater spill out
of the leaf. Preschool children can stand in the mid-
dle of the floating leaf. If we turn over the pad we
must be careful of the formidable spines. The promi-
nent ribs, radially disposed, remind us of the spokes
which give support to a bicycle wheel.

Forming a row on each side of the pools are the
tall tapering Bald Cypress, close relatives of the
pines. Unlike the pine, the Bald Cypress loses its
needles annually. It does remarkably well out of water
at the Garden, considering that its native home is
swampy places like the bayous of Louisiana.

As we head for the Mediterranean House, we
may see a few fruits of the gingko tree on the walk;
these have escaped the gardener’s rake. Their rancid
oils are an unwelcome addition to the soles of our
shoes. As we ascend the path and glance upwards to
our right, the thick pods of the Kentucky Coffee tree
stand upright on the crown of the tree like little brown
flags.

Entering the glass doors of the Mediterranean
House is stepping into a microcosm, revealing more
than 200 living species from five areas of the world
that possess a common type of climate: the Mediter-
ranean region itself, parts of Chile, South Africa,
California, and Australia.

The Mediterranean and Middle East areas are
best represented, particularly by plants mentioned in
the Old and New Testaments. To the right of the stone
steps is the sleek-leaved olive tree, stalwart symbol
of the Mediterranean and its azure skies. Immediately
beneath it is a pomegranate shrub with orange bell-
shaped flowers and rotund fruits, the favorite orna-
mental design for the hems of the ancient Israelite
priests. A few feet ahead is the low sprawling caper
plant, the traditional spice. The Old Testament refer-
ence: “When the caper berry ceaseth’” (Ecclesiastes
12:5) is to the decrease in appetite marking the ad-
vent of old age. The leaves of the bay laurel tree
nearby have a long tradition as a spice and were
fashioned into crowns for the victors in the original
Olympic games.

At the far end of the House is a small tree, the
cork oak. In its native home, Spain and Portugal, it is
favored by azure skies. The trunk develops thick
shields of cork. Strips are removed as if taking the

skin from a gigantic apple, without injuring the internal
living tissues. Machines resembling those in bottling
works punch out corks of various sizes more rapidly
than a housewife can cut out cookies from dough.

Near the cork oak is an overhead trellis furnish-
ing support for the coiled tendrils of the rambling
grape vine; when in flower a delicate perfume signals
the bouquet of the future wine; its fruits conjure up
visions of the vineyards of the world, whether they be
in St. James, Missouri, or in the hills of Mantua near
Rome, immortalized by the poet Vergil.

A few feet from the cork oak is a legume, the
carob tree. Today in the Mediterranean area, the
fruits of Ceratonia siliqua furnish food as they did
more than two millenia ago. There comes to mind the
parable of the Prodigal Son who had abandoned the
comforts of his father’s home. With honor lost and
money dissipated, he faced starvation. It was the fruit
of the carob tree, then regarded as food for hogs,
which was his hope of survival.

Near the door opposite the trellis plant is the
Acanthus plant, which in season bears an erect spike
of purple flowers. Its leaves, elongate and sinuately
lobed on the margin, are its chief claim to fame.
Throughout history, its leaves have made more of a
permanent impression on the eye of man than the
foliage of the maple or oak. The Acanthus leaf has
been a favorite since antiquity, whether carved on the
top of ancient Greek or Roman capitals or gracing the
later churches of the Christian era; they decorated
timeless sarcophagi and the illuminated manuscripts
of the Dark Ages, a hallmark of all ages! A second
species of Acanthus, with formidable spines on the
foliage, is growing just above the wall adjacent to the
Climatron’s waterfall.

Somewhat hidden in the opposite corner, next to
the same door, is a harmless looking herb called At-
ropa belladonna, a member of the nightshade, to-
mato or potato family. The Solanaceae, while obvi-
ously an outstanding supplier of food for man, con-
tains an array of “bad actors,” e.g., the jimpson weed
or the Jerusalem cherry so often implicated in poison-
ings. The shiny black berries are power houses of
poisons, including the alkaloids atropine and
scopalamine. The magic of medicine is that these
poisons, deadly in the raw, can be turned to advan-
tage by the physician and pharmacist who prescribe
them in efficacious dosage. A specialist examining
your eyes will probably place a drop of atropine
therein. The drug stimulates the dilation of the pupil,
the eye’s window, and the internal world of the eye
becomes visible. Ladies in the past (and perhaps in
the present) have been known to take advantage of
the effects of very weak dosage of atropine. A harm-
less drop and their eyes become like limpid pools;
thus the specific name of the plant, belladonna, the
Spanish for “beautiful lady.”

— John Dwyer
5

Special Gift Ideas

The Garden Gate Shop is decorated for the
holidays with many new gift items. The photographs
on these pages represent only a few of the many
new items available. Don’t forget that gifts can now
be mailed directly from the Garden Gate Shop.

Also available are Missouri Wildflowers by Erna
Eisendrath and the lovely Delphinium trelease print
for your flower oriented friends — a special reminder
of the Garden at holiday time.

Take time to stop by the Garden Gate Shop and
the Plant Shop for your special holiday shopping.
Hours are 10 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. daily.

Garden Gate Shop

Plant Shop Discount Specials

Members should have received a special mail-
ing from the Plant Shop entitling them to a 20% dis-
count on all purchases. Special holiday plant offer-
ings include Christmas cacti, gardenias, amaryllis,
paper white narcissus, camellias, azaleas, cyclamen
and the usual fine assortment of other plants.

Despite the November 10 fire at the Floral Dis-
play House, the Plant Shop remains in operation and
is open from 10 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. daily.

aN,

i

ee ee ae ae

Garden Receives NEH Award

The Garden has received an award of $2,500
from the National Endowment for the Humanities.
What is especially significant is that this award
comes through the NEH Youth Projects, an experi-
mental effort to increase the opportunities for young
people to engage in a variety of humanity learning
experiences.

The Garden was among 700 award applicants,
of which only 120 were funded.

The Garden application focused on creating
greater intercultural awareness through an apprecia-
tion and understanding of the Japanese culture.
Specifically, the NEH-funded project will help chil-
dren recognize the threads of communality that exist
between and across cultures. One exciting aspect of
this project is that the Garden program may serve as
a pilot study for programs of activity for other
Japanese gardens across the country.

The potential for additional programs and fund-
ing in this area provides an exciting challenge for the
future.

Missouri's Endangered Species

The Garden has been collaborating with the
Missouri Department of Conservation since last
January on the compilation of a comprehensive list
of sites where rare or endangered plants are grow-
ing. There are nearly 400 plant species considered
rare or endangered within the boundaries of Mis-
souri, including nine which may be in danger of
complete extinction. The study was directed by
Richard H. Daley of the Garden staff. The list, based
on herbarium specimens, will be used as the basis
for a comprehensive inventory of current locations.
Several hundred sites were pin-pointed in the study,
and the data have been stored in a computer.

The Garden and the Missouri Department of
Conservation, which funded the herbarium study,
held a one-day workshop in Jefferson City on Oc-
tober 7 to discuss the study and the best use of the
information. About 40 people, including both
amateur and professional botanists, attended the
invitation-only conference. John E. Wylie, head of
the Conservation Department's new Natural History
Section and known to Members from his lecture at
the Garden last month, moderated the meeting. Dr.
James Wilson, endangered species coordinator for
the Conservation Department, explained state and
federal programs aimed at protecting rare plants.
Keith Evans and Beverly Roedner discussed the
U.S. Forest Service’s research on rare plants on
glades in southwestern Missouri.

At the conclusion of the meeting. the consensus
was that better information is needed about all
plants, not only the rare ones, if wise decisions are to
be made about our resources. The formation of a
native plant society in Missouri might be the best
mechanism for communication among amateur and
professional botanists.

Orchids
At Home
At Arboretum

en coiael

The orchid, exotic and beautiful, is usually
thought of as a resident only of the tropics or, in our
latitude, a greenhouse guest.

It comes as a Surprise to many Missourians that
there are 31 species of orchids found in the state, as
listed in Steyermark’s Flora of Missouri.

Until this fall, only five species had been found
at the Shaw Arboretum. But, several weeks ago, 18
wildflower enthusiasts were delighted to see a sixth
species which had not been discovered there be-
fore. This rare orchid, Spiranthes ovalis, was found
by Karen Haller and identified by Betty Nellums, Nell
Menke, and Art Christ, leaders of the popular Tues-
day Wildflower Walks at the Arboretum, with the ex-
pert help of Bill Summers.

Spiranthes ovalis is reported in Steyermark’s
Flora of Missouri as found in only three counties
in the state. Spiranthes ovalis is similar in appear-
ance to Spiranthes cernue, which has the common
name “nodding ladies’ tresses” or “common ladies
tresses” and is one of the most abundant orchids
found in Missouri. Both species have an in-
florescence consisting of many small white flowers
ascending to the tip of a spike in two or more spirals.
This spiral arrangement of the flowers is the origin of
both the common and the genus name.

Another orchid was found this fall by Nell
Menke, and tentatively identified as Hexalectris
spicata, crested coral root. This species also has
not been previously reported at the Arboretum. Only
the flower stalk with dried flowers and seed pods
were found, since this species blooms in July and
August. Identification of this species is more difficult
because it is saprophytic and has no leaves. Positive
identification must wait until the plant blooms next
summer.

Perhaps other species of orchids will be found
as more people avail themselves of the opportunity
to explore the Arboretum.

— William Davit
Shaw Arboretum

Answerman Service

A reminder to Members that the regular
answerman service has been discontinued for the
winter months. The volunteers who man the tele-
phones will be in training during this time. Anyone
interested in becoming an answerman should con-
tact the education department.

However, during this time, Paul Kohl will be
available to answer horticultural questions. Mr. Kohl
or a volunteer will be on call from 9 a.m. to noon
daily, Monday through Friday.

A Gift That Lasts All Year

Finding a unique and especially thoughtful way
to remember family and friends at holiday time is a
difficult task. Too often, we end up settling on “the
best of the pick,” rather than “just the right one.”

We'd like to make a holiday gift suggestion that
is personal and distinctive ... Membership in the
Missouri Botanical Garden.

Nowhere can you find another gift that gives
beauty and enrichment all year long. You can give
unlimited admission to the Garden, the monthly Bul-
letin, discounts on plants and Garden Gate Shop
items, lecture series and courses, trips — all the
benefits of Membership that you already enjoy.

One of the nicest holiday gifts you could give,
gives back to you, for you are supporting an institu-
tion you believe to be important to the community,
the world.

Avoid shopping in crowded stores, wrapping
gifts, waiting till the last minute. Simply fill out the
form below and mail to our Membership Office. We
will include a gift certificate for a special plant for
each person on your list. You can solve your gift
problems and increase your support of the Garden
(tax deductible, of course) all at the same time by
giving a very special gift to the special people on
your list.

NAME
ADDRESS
CITY
STATE ZIP CODE
YOUR NAME
ADDRESS
CITY
STATE ZIP CODE

| am ordering _____ gift Membership(s)

CJ Enclosed is my check for $
(Payable to Missouri Botanical Garden)

CJ Please charge this to my Master Charge
#

Overseas Report:
British Gardens

Whitney and Jane Harris, along with their son,
Eugene, have returned from a tour of gardens in
England, Scotland and Wales. A report:

The Harrises, after much research and study,
selected gardens in England that would best
exemplify the historic evolution of gardens in that
country. Among those visited were: Royal Botanic
Gardens, Kew; Blenheim Palace, Woodstock, Ox-
fordshire; Bodnant, Taly-y-cafn, Gwynedd (Wales),
famous for its rhododendrons, camellias and mag-
nolias; Hever Castle, Hever, Kent, formal Italian gar-
dens with sculpture and statuary; Nymans, Hand-
cross, West Sussex, collector's garden of rare trees,
shrubs and plants; Stourhead, Stourton, Wiltshire,
elegant eighteenth century British landscapes; and
Wisley Garden, Surrey, garden of Royal Horticultural
Society.

The gardens of Edinburgh followed in a fantas-
tic progression. The first was the Royal Botanic Gar-
den, Edinburgh, Lothian, in a parklike setting with a
uniquely designed plant display house, herbarium
and library. A sampling of other gardens seen: Edzell °
Castle, Edzell, Tayside, the oldest complete renais-
sance garden in the British Isles; Inverewe,
Poolewe, Highland, a collection of exotic plants,
possibly the finest in the British Isles; Wallington,
Cambo, Northumberland, containing an enchanting
secret garden in the woods.

This list barely scratches the surface of the ex-
tensive list of gardens studied and viewed by the
Harris family. The trip was carefully planned in ad-
vance and proved very educational and rewarding.

Calendar of Events

Dec. 2- “The Ubiquitous Euphorbias”
Jan. 1, 1979 9 a.m.-4:30 p.m.
(except Christmas day)
Desert House

Dec. 16- Poinsettia Exhibit

Jan. 6 10 a.m.-4:30 p.m. daily
(except Christmas day)
Climatron

Dec. 3-29 International Christmas Trees

Exhibit
Regular Garden hours
Garden Museum

Jan. 16, 23, 30 Kitchen Botany:
The Art of Using Plants
7:30-9:30 p.m.
John S. Lehmann Bldg.
(To register, call 772-7600,
Education Dept.)

Gardening in St. Louis

OAR 8 IIIT

The month of December brings outside garden-
ing tasks to a close for the season, although a final
raking and cleaning of the garden may be necessary.
It is the time to continue making notes of garden
successes, failures and ideas for next season. You
are the expert about your own microclimate and your
successes should give you clues to new choices for
next spring.

Check your local library or come to the Garden
library to use the special Members’ section of new
books and magazines. Winter evenings provide lei-
sure time to do some planning for next year.

December also is the month of gift giving. Re-
member your gardening friends with garden books,
gift certificates from nurseries or garden centers and
holiday plants.

Indoor Plants and Greenhouses

Watch watering of house plants since days are
Shorter and growth is slower. Do not feed at this time
unless plants are actively flowering.

Home greenhouses should be checked closely
for temperature fluctuations. Warm sunny days can
send the temperature soaring. Ventilation and fresh
air will be beneficial for the plants. Reducing night
temperatures will save on heating bills. Keep check-
ing for insects. If red spider is a problem, control with
Pentac.

Garden Storage Areas

Check to be certain that all sprays have been
stored where the temperature is 50°-60°. Avoid
freezing. Fertilizer which is in open bags will be bro-
ken down by moisture so should be placed in airtight
containers. Clean garden tools with soap and water,
sharpen if necessary and rub with oil. Clean and
service your lawnmower and sharpen blades, if
necessary. Powdered insecticides can be stored in
plastic bags and sealed against moisture. Clean all
pots, adding a mild disinfectant to the wash water, so
that they will be ready for use in the spring. Seed
should be stored in an area where temperatures are
around 45°. Store garden hoses after inspecting and
draining. Freezing and thawing will cause hoses to
split.

Be certain to give holiday gift plants sufficient
light.

Take a few minutes to send away for seed and
nursery catalogs.

Christmas Tree Care
Select your tree early and take time in the selec-
tion. Check to be certain that the trunk is straight and
that the tree is evenly branched!
After purchasing your tree, cut off an inch or so
from the butt end and place the tree in a bucket of
water in a cool place. The tree will remain much

10

fresher if placed in a stand that will hold water. Keep
Stand filled with water inside. Place tree away from
heat ducts and the fireplace. Check lights to be cer-
tain wires are not frayed.

University of Missouri Extension recommends
that additives to the water have no proven value.

Keep your feeders filled for feathered friends
and don't forget to supply water.

Happy Holidays!

— Barbara B. Pesch

Trip Reminder
Hawaii — February 7-20

Desert Tour — March 24-31
Scandinavian/Russian Cruise — June 12-26

For further information, please call the
Members’ office, 772-7600, extension 25.

STATEMENT OF OWNERSHIP. MANAGEMENT AND CIRCULATION (ACT OF AUGUST
12, 1970 SECTION 3685, TITLE 39, UNITED STATES CODE.)

1. Title of Publication: MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN BULLETIN

2. Date of Filing: November 1, 1978

3. Frequency of issues: 12 issues per year — monthly

4. Location of known office of Publication: 2345 Tower Grove Avenue, St. Louis, Missouri
63110

5. Location of the Headquarters or General Business Offices of the Publishers: 2345 Tower
Grove Avenue, St. Louis, Missouri 63110

6. Names and addresses of publisher and editor are: Publisher, Missouri Botanical Gar-
den, 2345 Tower Grove Avenue, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, Editor, Barbara B. Pesch

7. Owner: Missouri Botanical Garden, 2345 Tower Grove Avenue, St. Louis, Missouri

63110

Known bondholders, mortgages, and other security holders owning or holding 1 percent

or more of total amount of bonds, mortgages, or other securities: None

. The purpose, function and nonprofit status of this organization and the exempt status for

Federal income tax purposes has not changed during preceding 12 months. Authorized

to mail at special rates (Section 132.122, PSM)

10. Extent and nature of circulation

had

<e)

Average no. copies Actual no. copies
each issue during of single issue

preceding 12 published nearest
months to filing date
A. Total no copies printed 10,500 11,500
(Net Press Run)
B. Paid Circulation
1. Sales through dealers and carriers
street vendors and counter sales none none
2. Mail subscriptions 9,500 10,209
C. Total paid circulation 9,500 10,209
D. Free distribution by mail, carrier or other
means samples, complimentary and
other free copies 500 717
E. Total distribution 10,000 10,926
F. Copies not distributed
1. Office use, left-over, unaccounted,
spoiled after printing 500 574
2. Returns from news agents none none
G. Total (Sum of E, F1 and 2 — should equal
net press run shown in A) 10,500 11,500

| certify that the statement made by me above is correct and complete

(Signed) Barbara B. Pesch, Editor
Publications Department

Member of
The Arts and Education
Fund of Greater St.Louls

MEMBERSHIP — OCTOBER 1978

HENRY SHAW ASSOCIATES

Mr./Mrs. Howard F. Baer
Mr./Mrs. Joseph H. Bascom
Mr. Watson K. Blair

Mrs. Watson K. Blair

Mr./Mrs. G. A. Buder, Jr.
Mr./Mrs. Sam’! C. Davis
Mr./Mrs. Guy W. Fiske, Jr.
Mrs. Eugene A. Freund
Mr./Mrs. Whitney R. Harris
Mr. James H. Howe, III
Mr./Mrs. Stanley F. Jackes
Mrs. John V. Janes

Mrs. Krene C. Jones

Dr./Mrs. H. Kendig

Mrs. John S. Lehmann

Mrs. Florence T. Morris
Mr./Mrs. W. R. Orthwein, Jr.
Mrs. Howard E. Ridgway
Mr./Mrs. Frederic M. Robinson
Mrs. Gladney Ross

Mr. S. C. Sachs

Mr./Mrs. Daniel L. Schlafly
Mr./Mrs. Warren M. Shapleigh
Mr./Mrs. Sydney Shoenberg, Jr.
Mrs. Tom K. Smith, Sr.
Mr./Mrs. Tom K. Smith, Jr.
Mr./Mrs. C. C. Johnson Spink
Mrs. Herman F. Spoehrer
Mr./Mrs. Jack L. Turner

Mrs. Ben H. Wells

Mr./Mrs. Richard K. Weil

DIRECTOR’S ASSOCIATES

Mr./Mrs. Alexander M. Bakewell

Mr./Mrs. David C. Farrell
Mr./Mrs. Henry Hitchcock
Mr./Mrs. August Homeyer
Mr./Mrs. Gerald Pensel
Mr./Mrs. A. Timon Primm, III
Mr./Mrs. Robert A. Ridgway
Mrs. Mason Scudder

Miss Harriet J. Tatman
Mr./Mrs. Harold E. Thayer
Mr./Mrs. Andrew R. Zinsmeyer

INCREASE IN MEMBERSHIPS —

OCTOBER 1978

SUSTAINING
Mr. James E. Clough

CONTRIBUTING

George E. Barron/Anna E. Saban

Mr./Mrs. George Giudici
Rev./Mrs. William A. Jones
Mrs. Dorothy Lindquist

Mr. Frederic G. Maurer, Ill
Mr./Mrs. Allen L. McKellar
Mr./Mrs. Russell D. Meyers, Jr.
Mrs. R. Morton Moss
Mr./Mrs. Fred H. Perabo
Mr./Mrs. Donald K. Ross
Mr./Mrs. Larsen E. Scott
Mr./Mrs. Hugh K. Steavenson
Mr./Mrs. Earl W. Volz
Mr./Mrs. Nicholas M. Weiss

NEW MEMBERSHIPS —
OCTOBER 1978

SPONSOR
Mrs. John B. Brajac

SUSTAINING
Mr. Hal A. Kroeher, Jr.

CONTRIBUTING

Mr./Mrs. John C. Bussmann
Mr. Greg Campbell

Mr./Mrs. Norman J. Donnelly
Mr./Mrs. Arthur H. Frank
Mrs. Eleanor H. Harford
Mr./Mrs. Clinton C. Hayes
Mr. Elleard Heffern

Mr./Mrs. Ed Koslin

Ms. Cheryl Markham

Ms. Susan McManus

Miss Julia Novosal

Dr./Mrs. Paul K. Orsay

Dr. Robert L. Quaas

Mr./Mrs. James W. Reid
Mr./Mrs. Lindley Renken
Mr./Mrs. Albert C. Roland, Jr.
Miss Betty Tallo

Mr. William L. Wheeling
Mr./Mrs. Walter J. Wolpers

REGULAR

Dr./Mrs. Charles L. Abramson
Mr./Mrs. Ivy M. Allen

Ms. Johnnie E. Allen

Miss Paula E. Allen

Mr./Mrs. Barry Ames

Mr./Mrs. James B. Anderson
Mr./Mrs. Harry W. Angus

Mrs. Mildred L. Argent
Mr./Mrs. Leo Assaripallam

Mr./Mrs. Elmer H. Austermann, Jr.

Mr./Mrs. Ben Bakke

Mr./Mrs. Daniel Y. Baldenweck
Mr. Marvin Bareis

Miss Marguerite J. Barker
Miss Shelley D. Barnes

Mrs. Donald F. Barr

Mr./Mrs. William H. Bartley
Mr./Mrs. Bennett J. Barton
Mr. Richard Baumann

Ms. Anne M. Bauer

Mr./Mrs. Roger Beachy
Mr./Mrs. A. Lyndon Bell
Mr./Mrs. J. V. Benthuysen
Dr./Mrs. Wallace P. Berkowitz
Mr./Mrs. Raymond H. Bialson
Ms. J. Irene Bland

Ms. Nancy L. Blankmann
Mr./Mrs. J. Russell Bley, Jr.
Mr./Mrs. Earl E. Bloodworth
Mr./Mrs. Martin J. Bloom
Mr./Mrs. Kurt D. Blumenthal

Mr./Mrs. Rudolf A. Bodenschatz

Miss June Boeschen
Mr./Mrs. Charles F. Boggiano
Mrs. A. A. Bolsteri

Mr. Dale L. Boring

Mrs. Florence Bossung
Mr./Mrs. B. Bourgeois

Ms. Lois L. Boyle

Mr./Mrs. Gary H. Brandenburger

Mr./Mrs. John R. Brandle
Mrs. Julia Briesacher
Mr./Mrs. Ronald A. Brown
Ms. Helen D. Brown
Mr./Mrs. Robert Brownstein
Mr./Mrs. Sjoerdje Bruce
Ms. Loretta Buderti

Miss Virginia F. Buechler
Miss Helen Bussen

Mrs. R. W. Butterworth
Mr./Mrs. Norman E. Byrne
Ms. Marci R. Calcara

Mr. Gerald E. Call

Dr. Albert J. Camigliano
Mr./Mrs. L. Phillip Canman, III
Mr./Mrs. Dale Cannon

Mrs. D. K. Caray

Mr./Mrs. Genera Carnaghi
Mr./Mrs. Thomas V. Carson
Dr./Mrs. Kenneth L. Castelli
Mr./Mrs. Albert E. Cawns
Mr./Mrs. Donald Checkett
Mr./Mrs. Maury Chervitz
Rev. Msgr. J. Chiodini
Mr./Mrs. Wallace R. Clark
Mr. Robert Clegg

Mr./Mrs. James D. Clemens
Mrs. W. A. Clifton

Mrs. Garry Cobb

Mr./Mrs. Raymond W. Cobb
Ms. Alice L. Cochran

Ms. Pamela Coffin

Mr./Mrs. Thomas H. Cohen
Mrs. Jerome A. Combs
Mrs. Dagnija |. Comado
Mr./Mrs. R. Conductor
Mr./Mrs. Wm. C. Connett, V
Mr./Mrs. Otto S. Conrades

Mr./Mrs. Willard Conrath
Mr./Mrs. Don D. Corbin
Mr./Mrs. Merle Court

Mr. John S. Cousins
Mr./Mrs. L. A. Crancer, Jr.
Miss Mary H. Creecy

Mrs. William W. Crowdus
Mr. Henry H. Culver, Jr.
Mr./Mrs. Roger Davenport
Mrs. Nadine F. Davis

Mr. Arpad DeKallos

Mrs. Howard E. Dickson
N. Faye Dietrich

Ms. Deborah Dietz

Ms. Laura A. Diller

Ms. Dorene Donahue

Mrs. Dorothy L. Dormeyer
Ms. Rose M. Duckro

Mrs. Charles W. Duden
Mrs. John P. Duncan
Mr./Mrs. Jerry Easley
Mr./Mrs. Wilbert Ecker
Mr./Mrs. Myron T. Eckert
Mr. Leonard Eiglebiger

Mr. Allen Emanuel
Mr./Mrs. D. Eshenroder
Mr./Mrs. Loren W. Estes
Dr./Mrs. Edw. H. Etheredge
Mrs. Virginia R. Eyermann
Mr./Mrs. Otto A. Faulbaum
Mr./Mrs. Raymond Feick
Dr. James P. Felder

Mr. Robert Ferguson

Mrs. Myra Ferrel

Mr./Mrs. Arthur F. Fey
Dr./Mrs. Keith C. Fischer
Mrs. Libbie Fischer
Mr./Mrs. Jeffrey D. Fisher
Mr./Mrs. Kermit M. Fisher
Mr./Mrs. Wm. Fitting
Mr./Mrs. Don Flake
Mr./Mrs. Reuben S. Flatt
Ms. Nancy Flavell

Ms. Geraldine D. Fleischman
Mrs. Edna Flynn

Mrs. Carl F. Foster

Mrs. George E. Francis
Ms. Lois E. Franklin
Dr./Mrs. Max S. Franklin
Miss Audrey A. Freese
Mr./Mrs. Bennett Frelich
Mr./Mrs. Robert C. Freymark
Ms. Sharon I. French

Mrs. Marvin Fridley, Jr
Ms. Vicki Fyie

Miss Jane Gagnon

Ms. Margaret K. Gansz
Mrs. Prince A. Gardner, Jr.
Mr. Hollis L. Garren

Mrs. L. H. Gault

Ms. Mary J. Giles

Dr. Joan M. Goebel

Mrs. Carolyn H. Goglia
Mr. Louis S. Goltermann
Mr./Mrs. John A. Gotwalt
Miss Elizabeth M. Graf
Mr./Mrs. Daniel Graham
Mr./Mrs. Robert R. Graham
Mr./Mrs. Terrence L. Graham
Mr. Robert E. Grass

Ms. Dessa A. Gray

Mr. Norris B. Gregg, Jr.
Ms. Augusta L. Green
Mr./Mrs. Robert C. Green
Mr./Mrs. Thomas J. Griffin
Mr./Mrs. Paul J. Grimmer

Mr./Mrs. Frank J. Grindler, Jr.

Mr. Alan Groves

Mr./Mrs. Gary Grunick
Mr./Mrs. Harry Grupe

Rev. James Gummersbach
Mr./Mrs. David Habermaas
Mrs. Patricia S. Hallemeier
Mr./Mrs. L. W. Hamilton
Mr./Mrs. Marvin E. Hamman
Ms. Barbara M. Hand
Mr./Mrs. Donald W. Hannah
Mr./Mrs. Hord W. Hardin
Ms. Marilyn L. Harrington
Mr./Mrs. A. L. Harris
Mr./Mrs. Kenneth D. Harris

Mrs. Kathleen Harris

Miss Virginia Harrison
Sister Jane Hassett

Mrs. Due D. Hatton

Miss Debra E. Haynes

Mrs. Fred R. Hearn
Mr./Mrs. Curtis Heckwolf
Mr./Mrs. Donald W. Heine
Miss Mary J. Heithaus

Mrs. Peggy Hellman
Mr./Mrs. Osgood J. Hentrich
Miss Ethel C. Herr

Mr./Mrs. J. Michael Herring
Mr./Mrs. M. Henry Hess
Mrs. Eunice Higgins

Mrs. Martha M. Hilden

Ms. Jan Hill

Dr. Richard E. Hillman
Mr./Mrs. Frank Hinton

Mrs. Helen M. Hoefle
Mr./Mrs. John E. Hoffman
Mr./Mrs. Frank J. Holdener, Jr.
Mr./Mrs. Stanley N. Hollander
Mr. Jack Holloway

Mr. Andrew A. Hubbartt
Mr./Mrs. Don Hudgins

Dr. Richard W. Hudgens
Dr./Mrs. James N. Hueser
Mr./Mrs. Paul B. Hunker, Jr.
Mr. Anthony W. Hunter
Mr./Mrs. Rudolf Husar

Mrs. Jerome W. Israel
Mr./Mrs. James Ittner

Ms. Carolyn P. Jacob
Mr./Mrs. Thos. Jenkins
Mrs. Allan D. Jerger
Mr./Mrs. Oscar Johnson, Jr.
Dr./Mrs. M. Thomas Jones
Mr./Mrs. Philip W. Kelly

Mr. Robert L. Kelley

Mrs. Hilda Kempen
Mr./Mrs. L. Kempf
Col./Mrs. Robt. W. Keys, Jr.
Mr./Mrs. Edwin A. Kiefer
Mr./Mrs. Wm. A. Kimble
Mr./Mrs. Edw. J. Klefler
Mr./Mrs. Carl Kleist

Mrs. M. V. Kline

Dr./Mrs. Wm. D. Kniffel
Rose M. Koines

Mr./Mrs. H. W. Kilkmeyer
Mr./Mrs. Alvin F. Kracht

Mr. C. H. Krause

Mr./Mrs. Harold N. Kravin
Mr./Mrs. Ernest Kretschmar, Ill
Mrs. Lillian Krueger

Mrs. Betty Kuechler

Mrs. C. F. Kuelker

Miss Marie E. Kuppinger
Mr./Mrs. Jack Lampert

Ms. Jill Landis

Mrs. Wm. T. Lane

Mr. James Landolt

Dr./Mrs. Adolph C. Lange
Dr./Mrs. W. Edw. Lansche
Mr. D. Bruce LaPierre
Dr./Mrs. Felix E. F. LaRocca
Miss Karen Larsen

Mr./Mrs. Joe Lawrence
Mr./Mrs. F. J. LeClerq
Mr./Mrs. Maurice E. Lee
Mr. Eugene R. Lehr

Ms. Bonnie J. Leimbach
Mr./Mrs. Walter Leitner

Ms. Suzanne LeLaurin

Mr. Kerry C. Lewis

Mr./Mrs. Harry H. Lieber
Mr./Mrs. Harold N. Lippert
Mr./Mrs. Michael Litwack
Ms. Wilma E. Loch

Mr./Mrs. Arthur E. Long
Dr./Mrs. Gary C. London
Mr./Mrs. Clarence J. Luecke
Mr./Mrs. Joseph Lunetta
Mr./Mrs. Fred E. Lundberg
Dr./Mrs. George Luther
Mr./Mrs. C. A. Macllvaine
Ms. Jacqueline M. Mackman
Mrs. James MacNaughtan, Jr.
Mr./Mrs. Charles J. Mansur
Dr./Mrs. Richard Margolis

14

Miss Mary Markus

Mr. Joseph Martin
Mr./Mrs. Ronald J. Martin
Mrs. Sam Martin

Mrs. John A. Mavrakos
Ms. Valerie Maynard

Mrs. J. R. McAllister

Miss Margaret A. McBride
Mr./Mrs. Sam W. McCarty
Dr./Mrs. R. Bruce McCloskey
Mr./Mrs. O. O. McCracken
Miss Mary McCrie

Mr. William E. McCourt
Mr./Mrs. Van McElwee
Mr./Mrs. James H. McKinney
Mr./Mrs. Wm. D. McMullan
Mrs. Marilyn H. McNamee
Mr. Robert J. Menendez
Miss Colleen E. Mensinger
Mrs. Verra Mercurio
Mr./Mrs. E. A. Meyer, Jr.
Mr./Mrs. Robert L. Meyer
Mrs. Milton H. Meyerharat
Mr./Mrs. Malcolm Miles
Mr./Mrs. Earl Millard, Jr.
Mr./Mrs. Claud W. Miller
Mr. Frank Moll

Mr./Mrs. Harold W. Moller
Mr./Mrs. T. E. Morgan
Mrs. Joan T. Morris

Mrs. Elizabeth J. Mueller
Mr./Mrs. John F. Mueller
Mrs. W. Philip Mulligan
Mrs. Ann L. McMullin

Mrs. A. C. Mungenast
Dr./Mrs. Robert Murray
Mrs. Arthur Nagle

Mr./Mrs. Barry Nelson
Mrs. Alice Niebur

Mr./Mrs. John O. Niemann
Mr./Mrs. John J. Noecker
Mrs. Bernice Novack
Mr./Mrs. James R. Oakes
Mrs. M. K, Oetting

Mrs. Sylvia Olander

Ms. Josephine Orcutt
Mr./Mrs. Robert E. Otto
Mr./Mrs. John C. Padgett
Mr./Mrs. John J. Pahl

Mr./Mrs. Wm. Burt Paris
Dr./Mrs. Wm. H. Paris

Mrs. Joyce A. Parks
Mr./Mrs. Lewis L. Pate
Mr./Mrs. Archer L. Patterson
Mr./Mrs. Ronald W. Patterson
Mr./Mrs. L. H. Paxton

Ms. Ella Pelentay

Mr./Mrs. Charles Penzel
Mr./Mrs. John W. Perdue
Mr./Mrs. Robt. E. Perry

Mr. David N. Peters

Mr./Mrs. Roy R. Peterson
Mrs. Harold Pfister

Mr./Mrs. Daniel P. Pierson
Mr./Mrs. Raymond V. Pinnick
Mr./Mrs. Frank T. Plebanek
Mr./Mrs. George Pleau
Dr./Mrs. Robert Potashnick
Mr./Mrs. Richard D. Powell
Mr. John J. Powers

Mr./Mrs. Albert Price
Dorothy Raether

Mr. L. D. Ragon

Mr. Lawrence V. Rambo

Mrs. Mae L. Randall
Mr./Mrs. Thomas E. Ransdell
Mr./Mrs. R. Rapfogel
Mr./Mrs. L. M. Redelsheiner
Ms. Virginia Redhage

Mr. Tim Reed

Mr./Mrs. David Richardson
Mr. Michael G. Richardson
Mr. Mark A. Richter

Mr./Mrs. Lester Richter
Mr./Mrs. James U. Rieck, Jr.
Ms. Kimberly Riker

Mr. Edward Ripp

Mr./Mrs. Kenneth L. Rissmann
Mr./Mrs. Enrique Rodriguez
Dr./Mrs. Cruia-Catalin Roman
Mr./Mrs. Dale Rosenberg
Miss Dorothy Rosenfelder
Mr./Mrs. Joseph J. Rosso
Ms. Andrea Rothbart
Mr./Mrs. Kenneth Roth-Roffy
Mr./Mrs. S. |. Rothschild, Jr.
Mr./Mrs. R. E. Ruehmkorf
Mr./Mrs. Warren H. Rutledge

Miss Susan S. Ryah

Ms. Judith Ryon

Miss Jean V. Salg

Mr. Trigg Sargeant

Mr./Mrs. James Saurage
Mr./Mrs. Ronald Scarborough
Ms. Marie G. Schaeffer
Mr./Mrs. R. A. Schall

Mr. Albert Schnarr

Ms. Casey Schneider

Mrs. Mary E. Schwartz

Mrs. Walter W. Schwider
Mrs. Virginia Seeger
Mr./Mrs. Joel Shea

Mrs. Martha R. Sheerin
Mr./Mrs. Otto Shelton, Jr.
Dr. Earl E. Shepard
Mr./Mrs. D. C. Shumate
Dr./Mrs. Jack Shumate
Mr./Mrs. Joseph E. Sirola
Sisters of St. Joseph
Mr./Mrs. Louis Slapshak, Jr.
Mr./Mrs. Griffith J. Smith
Mrs. Sandra J. Smith
Mr./Mrs. Willis Smith
Mr./Mrs. Gerald Smolly
Mr./Mrs. John F. Snider, Jr.
Mr./Mrs. John M. Snodgrass
Mr./Mrs. John R. Snyder
Mrs. B. B. Spaethe

Ms. Eileen Spain

Mr./Mrs. Paul L. Spangler
Mr. Jeffrey A. Spencer
Mr./Mrs. Richard Stadler
Mrs. Jean R. Stanhope
Dr./Mrs. Stuart C. Stanhope
Mr./Mrs. Eugene A. Stecher
Dr./Mrs. James C. Steele
Mrs. Marie M. Steffan
Mr./Mrs. Philip Steinberg
Mr. Kevin Stevens

Mr./Mrs. William S. Stone
Mr./Mrs. John Stovall
Mr./Mrs. Joseph Sturm
Miss C. Ruth Summers
Mr./Mrs. C. L. Swarm
Mr./Mrs. Frank Swateck, Jr.
Mr./Mrs. Leo Synmank

Mr./Mrs. John Sztukowski
Mr. M. E. Tankesley
Mr./Mrs. Thomas P. Taylor
Mr./Mrs. Alan R. Templeton
Mr./Mrs. Edward Thaller

Mr. Walter F. Thompson

Mr. Robert A. Toenjes
Mr./Mrs. Paul V. Trusik

Mrs. O. H. Twillmeier
Mr./Mrs. Gregory E. Upchurch
Mr./Mrs. Richard F. Valentine
Mrs. Lloyd B. VanCamp
Mr./Mrs. Matthew VanDyke
James/Susan VanHouten
Mr./Mrs. David F. Ferderber
Mr./Mrs. W. J. Vierling

Villa Duchesne/Oak Hill School
Mr./Mrs. Joseph J. Vodde
Mr./Mrs. George F. Voges
Mr./Mrs. Jan Volavka
Mr./Mrs. George H. Vollertsen
Mrs. Julia L. Vomacka
Mr./Mrs. Forrest Von Brecht
Miss Florence E. Wagner
Mr. John Walker

Mr./Mrs. David Wang
Dr./Mrs. R. C. Wanless
Mr./Mrs. Richard E. Waters
Mr./Mrs. Stanley Weddle
Ms. Edna Dell Weinel
Mr./Mrs. Donald E. Welborn
Miss Marion Werner
Mr./Mrs. W. D. Wheeler

Ms. Signe M. Whitelaw
Mr./Mrs. Earl R. Whitten
Mr./Mrs. Charles E. Williams
Mr./Mrs. Stanley Williams, Jr
Mr. David G. Winsby
Mr./Mrs. Otto Woehrle

Mrs. Anne E. Wolff

Mr./Mrs. Edwin D. Wolfgran
Mrs. J. S. Wolling

Mrs. Betty Wren

Mr. Massao Yamada
Mr./Mrs. M. Chao Yao

Miss Mary York

Mr./Mrs. A. N. Young

Ms. Ruth Young

Mr./Mrs. David Zale

OCTOBER TRIBUTES

In Memory of

Ellsworth Breihan, Jr.
Pitzman's Co. of Surveyors & En-
gineers

In Memory of

Mrs. Charles E. Claggett
Eleanor and Henry Hitchcock
Mr./Mrs. Joseph W. Lewis

In Memory of
Dr. Harold A. Goodrich
James L. Sloss, Jr. & Family

In Memory of
Mr. William Harrigan

Clarence and Vivian Franke

In Memory of
Mrs. Marguerite McKeon
Louise C. Lewis

In Memory of Mrs. Margaret Mewes
Mr. /Mrs. D. Bartels

Mr./Mrs. N Krizek
Mr./Mrs. L Pfeiffer
Mr./Mrs. Charles Schaffner

In Memory of
Mrs. Walter Rademaker
Mary Leon and John Phillips

In Memory of- Mrs. Charles M.

Richardson
Sherwood and Hester Lee

In Memory of Mr. and Mrs. Seib
Joseph and Shirley Anton

in Memory of
Mrs. Jack H. Thompson
Mr./Mrs. Gerald Pensel

In Memory of Richard P. Wichman
Mr./Mrs. Carl F. Campbell

In Memory of

Mr. Lawrence B. Woelfel
Webster Groves Garden Club,
Group No. 6

In Memory of Mrs. Pauline Wurdack
Mr./Mrs. Robert J. Wanek

MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN BULLETIN
2345 Tower Grove Avenue
Saint Louis, Missouri 63110

SECOND CLASS
POSTAGE

PAID
AT ST. LOUIS, MO.

*63110*****D KK *M 6 23GUR*999910

MRS MARY PURK
2623 GURNEY CT
ST LOUIS MO

63110